ⴰⵔⵊⵓⵏⵜⵉⵏ

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    <title>ⴰⵔⵊⵓⵏⵜⵉⵏ</title>
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      <text bytes="9492" sha1="d1dyi2vx57p9cyhdlcmwcori2pt2duf" xml:space="preserve">{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴳⵓⵔⵜ}}[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Argentina orthographic.svg|thumb|240px|right|ⴰⵔⵊⵓⵏⵜⵉⵏ]]
== '''ⴰⵔⵊⵓⵏⵜⵉⵏ''' ==
&lt;big&gt;ⴰⵔⵊⵓⵏⵜⵉⵏ&lt;/big&gt;، ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵉⵍ  ⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱ  «ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⵊⵓⵏⵜⵉⵏⵜ»  (ⵙ ⵜⵙⴱⴰⵏⵢⵓⵍⵉⵜ: República Argentina)، ⵜⴳⴰ  ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ  ⵜⵍⵍⴰⵏ  ⴳ  ⵢⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ  ⵏ  ⵜⵏⵥⵓⵍⵜ ⵏ  ⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⴰ  ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ. ⵜⵙⵙⴽⵔ  ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ  ⴰⵎⵏⵥⴰⵡ  ⵏ   ⵓⵜⵍⴰⵏⵜⵉⴽ  ⵙ  ⵓⵥⵍⵎⴰⴹ  ⵏ  ⵜⴰⵙⴰⴽⴰⵍⵜ، ⵜⵎⵎⴰⵍ  ⴷ  ⵛⵉⵍⵉ  ⵙ  ⵓⵎⵓⵔⵙ ⴷ  ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ، ⴱⵓⵍⵉⴼⵢⴰ  ⴷ  ⴱⴰⵔⴰⴳⵡⴰⵢ  ⵙ  ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ، ⴷ ⴱⵔⴰⵣⵉⵍ  ⴷ  ⵓⵔⵓⴳⵡⴰⵢ  ⵙ  ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ  ⵏ  ⵓⵛⵛⵉⵍ.
ⵜⴳⴰ  ⴱⵡⵉⵏⵓⵙ ⴰⵢⵔⵉⵙ (Buenos Aires) ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵏⴰⵖⵜ  ⵏⵏⵙ،  ⵜⴳⴰ ⴰ ⵡⴷ ⴰⵏⵎⵎⵓⵔ  ⴰⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏ  ⵏ  ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ  ⴳ  ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ، ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰ  ⴷ  ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ. ⴰⵔⵊⵓⵏⵜⵉⵏ  ⵜⴳⴰ  ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ  ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ  ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ  ⴳ  ⵜⵎⵓⵔⴰ  ⵏ  ⵜⵏⵥⵓⵍⵜ  ⵏ  ⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⴰ  ⵙ  ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ  ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ ، ⴹⴰⵕⵜ  ⵏ  ⴱⵔⴰⵣⵉⵍ.
.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.britannica.com/place/Argentina موسوعة بريتانيكا: الأرجنتين]&lt;/ref&gt;
== ⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ==
ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵙⵎⵉⵍ ⴰⵔⵊⵓⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉ argentum، ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵇⵔⵜ. ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵓⵔ ⵓⵙⵎⵉⵍ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵔⵓⵎⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵏⵏⵇⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⵥⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵔⵉⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵔⵉⵢⵓ ⴷⵉ ⵍⴰ ⴱⵍⴰⵜⴰ، ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵓⵔ ⵓⵙⵎⵉⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵙⴱⴰⵏⵢⵓⵍⵉⵜ «ⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵏⵏⵇⵔⵜ». ⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙⵏ ⵉⵔⵓⵎⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ  ⵙ ⵏⵏⵇⵔⵜ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵔⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴱⴰⵏⵢⵓⵍⵉⵜ، ⵎⴽⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵓⵔ ⵓⵙⵎⵉⵍ ⴰⵔⵊⵓⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⵣⵎⵣ ⴰⵏⵎⵎⵓⵔ ⴰⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.britannica.com/place/Argentina موسوعة بريتانيكا: الأرجنتين]&lt;/ref&gt;
== ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⵍⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ==
ⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⵍⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴰⵍ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵊⵓⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⵛⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵉⵏ (ⵉⵔⵓⴱⵉⵢⵏ), ⵜⵎⵢⴰⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ, ⵎⴰ ⵢⴰⴷ ⵢⵓⴷⵊⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵎⵙⴰⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴼⵍⵍⴰⵃⵜ, ⴳⴳⵎⵔⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵙⴳⵎⵉ  ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⴷ  ⵜⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵜ. ⴳ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴰⴷ, ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⵉⴳⴷⵓⴷⵏ  ⵏ ⵎⴰⴱⵓⵜⵛⵉ, ⴳⵡⴰⵔⴰⵏⵉ, ⴷⴰⵢⵉⵊⵉⵜⴰ, ⴷ ⵜⵉⵡⵢⵍⵜⵛⵉ, ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴳⴷⵓⴷⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ.
ⵍⴽⵎⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⴱⴰⵏⵢⵓⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⵎⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⴷ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ (16), ⵜⵜⵓⵚⴽⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵙⵓⵏⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴳ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵜⵜⵓⵚⴽⵓ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵡⵉⵏⵓⵙ ⴰⵢⵔⵉⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1580, ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵜⵜⵓⵚⴽⵓ ⵜⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵔⵉⵢⵓ ⴷⵉⵍⴰⴱⵍⴰⵜⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1776 ⴳ ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵢⵉⴷⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⴰⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵏⵥⵓⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⴰ. ⵜⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴱⵡⵉⵏⵓⵙ ⴰⵢⵔⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵡⵀⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.britannica.com/place/Argentina/History موسوعة بريتانيكا: تاريخ الأرجنتين]&lt;/ref&gt;
== ⴰⵏⵏⴳⵎⴹ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴱⴷⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ==
ⵜⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⵍⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴱⵏ  ⴳ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⵎⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵥⴰ (19), ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴱⵔⵉⵟⴰⵏⵉ ⵏ ⴱⵡⵉⵏⵓⵙ ⴰⵢⵔⵉⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1806 ⴷ 1807, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⴷⵉ ⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹ ⴰⵙⴱⴰⵏⵢⵓⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉⵜⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵉⵜⵏ. ⴳ ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1810, ⵜⵉⵡⵢ  ⵜⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ  ⴳ ⴱⵡⵉⵏⵓⵙ ⴰⵢⵔⵉⵙ ⵖⵔ ⵓⵙⵙⵓⵏⵛⴽ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⵓⵙⵔⵉⴷ.

ⴳ 9 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1816, ⵉⴱⵔⵃ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴽⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵏⵏⴳⵎⴹ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵔⵉⵢⵓ ⴷⵉⵍⴰⴱⵍⴰⵜⴰ ⵅⴼ ⵙⴱⴰⵏⵢⴰ. ⵉⴼⴼⵖ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉ ⵅⵓⵙⵉ ⴷⵉⵙⴰⵏⵎⴰⵔⵜⵉⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵜⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵏⴳⵎⴹ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ, ⵉⴷⵔⵓ ⴳ ⵉⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴷⴷⴰⵏ  ⵖⵔ ⵛⵉⵍⵉ ⴷ ⴱⵉⵔⵓ.
ⵓⵔ ⵢⵉⵡⵉ ⵓⵏⵏⴳⵎⴹ ⵖⵔ ⵓⵙⴱⴷⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵖⵔ ⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵢⵙⵙⴰⵏ; ⵙⵓⵍⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏ  ⴳⵔ ⵉⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ  ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵉⴷⵉⵔⴰⵍⵉ, ⴰⵢⴰ ⵢⵓⴷⵊⴰ ⴰⴷ  ⵜⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉⵜⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵜⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1853, ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ ⵙ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ, ⵜⵜⵓⵚⴽⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⵓⵣⴳⵏ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⵎⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵥⴰ (19).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.britannica.com/place/Argentina/History موسوعة بريتانيكا: تاريخ الأرجنتين]&lt;/ref&gt;
== ⴰⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⴰⴷⵎⵙⴰⵏ ==
ⵜⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵊⵓⵏⵜⵉⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵣⴳⵏ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⵎⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵥⴰ (19) ⴷ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ (20), ⴰⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⴰⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵣⴷⵓⵖⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏ. ⵜⴷⵔⵓ ⵜⵣⵡⴰⴳⵜ ⵜⴰⵕⵓⴱⵉⵢⵜ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵙⴳ ⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵙⴱⴰⵏⵢⴰ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵚⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵡⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴽⴽⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ ⴷ  ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵍⵍⴰⵃⵜ ⴷ  ⵓⵙⴳⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴰⵔⵙⵏ ⵉⴼⵍⵍⴰⵃⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⴷⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵔⵊⵓⵏⵜⵉⵏⵉⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⴷⴰⵣⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ.
ⵜⵓⵖⵓⵍ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵊⵓⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵡⵀⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴷⴷⵉ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵎⵉⴷ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ (20). ⵜⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰⵏⵏ, ⵜⵉⵏⵥⴹⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵖⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/argentina/publication/un-nuevo-horizonte-de-crecimiento-para-argentina البنك الدولي: آفاق النمو الاقتصادي في الأرجنتين]&lt;/ref&gt;

==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
*'''ⴰⵙⴳⵣⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ [[ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]](ⵙ.ⴳ.ⵙ.ⵎ) :''' [[ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⴰⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]] (ⵎ.ⵎ.ⵙ.ⵎ)
&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/argentina/publication/un-nuevo-horizonte-de-crecimiento-para-argentina البنك الدولي: آفاق النمو الاقتصادي في الأرجنتين]&lt;/ref&gt;
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ}}</text>
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    <title>ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ</title>
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      <id>197912</id>
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        <username>ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ</username>
        <id>10568</id>
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      <text bytes="1413" sha1="ffnmhj5zc083j9dakamiez55kwb9alt" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⵉⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].

ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ  ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.

== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]

[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine Nedjma authograph.jpg|thumb|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1956]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ |ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ |ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
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        <username>ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ</username>
        <id>10568</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ */</comment>
      <origin>197913</origin>
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      <text bytes="1526" sha1="8tz6hco5lcqoe25h516zzngnjuo7np7" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⵉⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].

ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ  ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.

== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]

[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine Nedjma authograph.jpg|thumb|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1956]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ |ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ |ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
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      <origin>197914</origin>
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      <text bytes="1539" sha1="p40lche658om5omkjn95hg1cwsrekno" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⵉⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine Nedjma authograph.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1956]]
ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ  ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.

== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ |ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ |ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1563" sha1="r8app9xbrxt1eyte2wl9h7or2ewtip6" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⵉⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine family, Souk Ahras 1940s.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴳ [[1940]]]]
ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ  ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.

== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ |ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ |ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
      <sha1>r8app9xbrxt1eyte2wl9h7or2ewtip6</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>197918</id>
      <parentid>197915</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-27T22:37:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ</username>
        <id>10568</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>197918</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1557" sha1="jkmouax75s6nbedjvwegbyr0s3hvgbx" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine family, Souk Ahras 1940s.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴳ [[1940]]]]
ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ  ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.

== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ |ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ |ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
      <sha1>jkmouax75s6nbedjvwegbyr0s3hvgbx</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>197919</id>
      <parentid>197918</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-27T22:48:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ</username>
        <id>10568</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>197919</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4771" sha1="pl44zg85huqj1z8dpzl79utvzipcrjl" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine family, Souk Ahras 1940s.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴳ [[1940]]]]
ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⵓⴷⵔⵜ ==
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴳ 25 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 1929 (ⵏⵖ ⴳ 2 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ) ⴳ ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ, ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ [[ⴰⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ|ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ]]. ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵡⵉⵜ]] &lt;ref&gt;Document généalogique familial indiquant l’origine de la famille Kateb à Bir Bou Haouch, wilaya de Souk Ahras (voir arbre généalogique conservé par la famille, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur dna.fr. »(Archive.org • Wikiwix • Que faire ?).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur tamusni.tripod.com. », sur tripod.com via Internet Archive.&lt;/ref&gt; - ⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵙ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵢⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, Nedjma (lire en ligne [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ])&lt;/ref&gt; -, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵉⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴼⴰⵀⵍⵉ, ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵃⵎⵎⴰⵎ ⵏⴱⴰⵢⵍ (ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴳⴰⵍⵎⴰ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵜⵉⵢⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴱⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵓⵜ) &lt;ref&gt;La tribu des Beni Keblout fut l’objet de la part de l’armée française en 1852, notamment après la découverte des corps d’un couple français gisant dans une grotte, à Aïn Ghrour, pénates de la tribu. Cette tribu a une place centrale dans Nedjma.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, [[ⵚⴰⵍⵃ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵍⵇⴰⵙⵎ]], ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1874, ⵉⵎⴰ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ &quot;[[ⴱⴰⵛ ⵄⴷⵍ]]&quot; (ⴰⵏⴱⴹⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⴱⴹⵓ) ⴳ ⴽⵓⵏⴷⵉ ⵙⵎⵏⴷⵓ (ⵖⵔⵉⵖⵓⵔ ⵡⴰⵙⴰ). ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵜⵜⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ. ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵓⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ (ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⴽ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ &quot;ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴰⴷⵉⴱ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]) ⴳ 1934 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⵙⴷⵕⵡⴰⵜ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1935 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ ⴳ ⵍⴰⴼⴰⵢⵉⵜ (ⴱⵓⵇⴰⵄⴰ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ, ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵟⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵔⵓⵅⵅⴰ), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵣⴷⵖ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ 1941, ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵙⵟⵉⴼ]]: ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴱⵉⵕⵟⵉⵏⵉ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴽⵔⵡⴰⵏⵉ]] ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ.

== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ |ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ |ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
      <sha1>pl44zg85huqj1z8dpzl79utvzipcrjl</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>197920</id>
      <parentid>197919</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-27T23:16:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ</username>
        <id>10568</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>197920</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7648" sha1="lmhf930a21rf5ivnlvlm12xk3pensqr" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine family, Souk Ahras 1940s.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴳ [[1940]]]]
ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⵓⴷⵔⵜ ==
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴳ 25 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 1929 (ⵏⵖ ⴳ 2 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ) ⴳ ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ, ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ [[ⴰⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ|ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ]]. ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵡⵉⵜ]] &lt;ref&gt;Document généalogique familial indiquant l’origine de la famille Kateb à Bir Bou Haouch, wilaya de Souk Ahras (voir arbre généalogique conservé par la famille, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur dna.fr. »(Archive.org • Wikiwix • Que faire ?).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur tamusni.tripod.com. », sur tripod.com via Internet Archive.&lt;/ref&gt; - ⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵙ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵢⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, Nedjma (lire en ligne [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ])&lt;/ref&gt; -, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵉⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴼⴰⵀⵍⵉ, ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵃⵎⵎⴰⵎ ⵏⴱⴰⵢⵍ (ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴳⴰⵍⵎⴰ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵜⵉⵢⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴱⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵓⵜ) &lt;ref&gt;La tribu des Beni Keblout fut l’objet de la part de l’armée française en 1852, notamment après la découverte des corps d’un couple français gisant dans une grotte, à Aïn Ghrour, pénates de la tribu. Cette tribu a une place centrale dans Nedjma.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, [[ⵚⴰⵍⵃ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵍⵇⴰⵙⵎ]], ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1874, ⵉⵎⴰ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ &quot;[[ⴱⴰⵛ ⵄⴷⵍ]]&quot; (ⴰⵏⴱⴹⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⴱⴹⵓ) ⴳ ⴽⵓⵏⴷⵉ ⵙⵎⵏⴷⵓ (ⵖⵔⵉⵖⵓⵔ ⵡⴰⵙⴰ). ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵜⵜⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ. ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵓⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ (ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⴽ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ &quot;ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴰⴷⵉⴱ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]) ⴳ 1934 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⵙⴷⵕⵡⴰⵜ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1935 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ ⴳ ⵍⴰⴼⴰⵢⵉⵜ (ⴱⵓⵇⴰⵄⴰ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ, ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵟⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵔⵓⵅⵅⴰ), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵣⴷⵖ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ 1941, ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵙⵟⵉⴼ]]: ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴱⵉⵕⵟⵉⵏⵉ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴽⵔⵡⴰⵏⵉ]] ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ.
== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ==
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵓⵎⵉ ⵏⴽⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ [[1945]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵓⵍⵜⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵉⵍⵉⵛⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Kateb Yacine, le poète errant (1929-1989) [archive] », sur France Culture, 31 juillet 2016&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵔⴰⴼ ⵉ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ. ⴷ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵍⵓⵍ ⵜⴳⵯⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ «ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵚⵉⴹ» &lt;ref&gt;« Je suis né d'une mère folle très géniale. Elle était généreuse, simple, et des perles coulaient de ses lèvres. Je les ai recueillies sans savoir leur valeur. Après le massacre (8 mai 1945), je l'ai vue devenir folle. Elle, la source de tout. Elle se jetait dans le feu, partout où il y avait du feu. Ses jambes, ses bras, sa tête, n'étaient que brûlures. J'ai vécu ça, et je me suis lancé tout droit dans la folie d'un amour, impossible pour une cousine déjà mariée. »
— Kateb Yacine dans Ghania Khelifi, 1990, p. 13&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: «ⵀⴰⵜ ⵍⵓⵍⵖ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵉⵏⵓ, ⴳ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1945. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵉⵏⵓ ⵕⵥⵎⵏⵜ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴽⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⴷ ⵎⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵔⵡⵍⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⵜⵍ, ⵎⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵉ, ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵃⴰⵏⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵉⵥⵕ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ. ⵉⵎⵎⴰ, ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵉⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⵜⵣⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵍⴰⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ» &lt;ref&gt;Benamar Médiène, Kateb Yacine : le coeur entre les dents : biographie hétérodoxe, R. Laffont, 2006 (ISBN 2-221-10733-0 et 978-2-221-10733-1, OCLC 72758351, lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.

== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ |ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ |ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
      <sha1>lmhf930a21rf5ivnlvlm12xk3pensqr</sha1>
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        <username>ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ</username>
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      <text bytes="10533" sha1="0aemwkrenfd24mrl9hmyhrbfwnzzk6f" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine family, Souk Ahras 1940s.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴳ [[1940]]]]
ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⵓⴷⵔⵜ ==
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴳ 25 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 1929 (ⵏⵖ ⴳ 2 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ) ⴳ ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ, ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ [[ⴰⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ|ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ]]. ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵡⵉⵜ]] &lt;ref&gt;Document généalogique familial indiquant l’origine de la famille Kateb à Bir Bou Haouch, wilaya de Souk Ahras (voir arbre généalogique conservé par la famille, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur dna.fr. »(Archive.org • Wikiwix • Que faire ?).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur tamusni.tripod.com. », sur tripod.com via Internet Archive.&lt;/ref&gt; - ⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵙ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵢⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, Nedjma (lire en ligne [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ])&lt;/ref&gt; -, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵉⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴼⴰⵀⵍⵉ, ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵃⵎⵎⴰⵎ ⵏⴱⴰⵢⵍ (ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴳⴰⵍⵎⴰ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵜⵉⵢⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴱⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵓⵜ) &lt;ref&gt;La tribu des Beni Keblout fut l’objet de la part de l’armée française en 1852, notamment après la découverte des corps d’un couple français gisant dans une grotte, à Aïn Ghrour, pénates de la tribu. Cette tribu a une place centrale dans Nedjma.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, [[ⵚⴰⵍⵃ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵍⵇⴰⵙⵎ]], ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1874, ⵉⵎⴰ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ &quot;[[ⴱⴰⵛ ⵄⴷⵍ]]&quot; (ⴰⵏⴱⴹⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⴱⴹⵓ) ⴳ ⴽⵓⵏⴷⵉ ⵙⵎⵏⴷⵓ (ⵖⵔⵉⵖⵓⵔ ⵡⴰⵙⴰ). ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵜⵜⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ. ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵓⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ (ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⴽ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ &quot;ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴰⴷⵉⴱ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]) ⴳ 1934 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⵙⴷⵕⵡⴰⵜ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1935 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ ⴳ ⵍⴰⴼⴰⵢⵉⵜ (ⴱⵓⵇⴰⵄⴰ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ, ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵟⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵔⵓⵅⵅⴰ), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵣⴷⵖ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ 1941, ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵙⵟⵉⴼ]]: ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴱⵉⵕⵟⵉⵏⵉ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴽⵔⵡⴰⵏⵉ]] ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ.
== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ==
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵓⵎⵉ ⵏⴽⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ [[1945]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵓⵍⵜⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵉⵍⵉⵛⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Kateb Yacine, le poète errant (1929-1989) [archive] », sur France Culture, 31 juillet 2016&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵔⴰⴼ ⵉ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ. ⴷ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵍⵓⵍ ⵜⴳⵯⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ «ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵚⵉⴹ» &lt;ref&gt;« Je suis né d'une mère folle très géniale. Elle était généreuse, simple, et des perles coulaient de ses lèvres. Je les ai recueillies sans savoir leur valeur. Après le massacre (8 mai 1945), je l'ai vue devenir folle. Elle, la source de tout. Elle se jetait dans le feu, partout où il y avait du feu. Ses jambes, ses bras, sa tête, n'étaient que brûlures. J'ai vécu ça, et je me suis lancé tout droit dans la folie d'un amour, impossible pour une cousine déjà mariée. »
— Kateb Yacine dans Ghania Khelifi, 1990, p. 13&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: «ⵀⴰⵜ ⵍⵓⵍⵖ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵉⵏⵓ, ⴳ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1945. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵉⵏⵓ ⵕⵥⵎⵏⵜ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴽⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⴷ ⵎⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵔⵡⵍⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⵜⵍ, ⵎⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵉ, ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵃⴰⵏⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵉⵥⵕ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ. ⵉⵎⵎⴰ, ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵉⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⵜⵣⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵍⴰⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ» &lt;ref&gt;Benamar Médiène, Kateb Yacine : le coeur entre les dents : biographie hétérodoxe, R. Laffont, 2006 (ISBN 2-221-10733-0 et 978-2-221-10733-1, OCLC 72758351, lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:KatebYacinePassport.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|[[ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ|ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴱⵓⵔ/ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ]] ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ]]
=== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ===
* ''Les Fruits de la colère'', préface à Aît Djaffar, ''Complainte de la petite Yasmina''
* ''Les mille et une nuit de la révolution'', préface à Abdelhamid Benzine, ''La Plaine et la montagne''
* ''Les Ancêtres redoublent de férocité'', préface à Tassadit Yacine, &quot;[[Lounis Ait Menguellet]] chante…&quot;, textes berbères et français, Paris, La Découverte, 1989; Alger Bouchène/Awal, 1990 [dernier texte de Kateb Yacine, adressé à Tassadit Yacine le 29 septembre 1989, un mois avant sa mort]. 
* Kateb Yacine a également écrit plusieurs préfaces pour ses amis peintres, M'hamed Issiakhem (''Œil-de-lynx et les américains, trente-cinq années de l'enfer d'un peintre'') et [[Mohammed Khadda]].
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine, Pierre Bernard, et Habib Tengour.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ [[ⴱⵢⵉⵔ ⴱⵉⵔⵏⴰⵔⴷ]] ⴷ [[ⵃⴰⴱⵉⴱ ⵜⵏⴳⵓⵔ]].]]
* Jacqueline Arnaud, ''La Littérature maghrébine de langue française'', Paris, Publisud, 1986.
* Isidro Romero, ''Kateb Yacine, écrivain public'', entretien filmé, coll. &quot;Un certain Regard&quot;, Service de la recherche de l'ORTF / INA, 1971, 54 min, couleur.
* Jean Déjeux, « Hommage Kateb Yacine écrivain de l'Algérie profonde », ''Hommes et Migrations'', nᵒ 1127, 1989, pp. 57-60. [https://www.persee.fr/doc/homig_1142-852x_1989_num_1127_1_1387 Lire en ligne].
* Jean Déjeux, ''Dictionnaire des auteurs maghrébins de langue française'', Paris, Éditions Karthala, 1984 (ISBN 2-86537-085-2).
* Stéphane Gatti, ''Kateb Yacine, poète en trois langues'', documentaire, France, 2001. Production, La Parole errante.
* Sarah Baron, Swann Dubus, ''Le Cadavre encerclé de Kateb Yacine lu par Armand Gatti'', captation vidéo, France, 2003. Production : le Volcan/scène nationale du Havre. © La Parole errante.
* Benamar Mediene, ''Kateb Yacine, le cœur entre les dents'', Robert Laffont, Paris, 2006 (Préface de Gilles Perrault).
* Olivier Neveux, ''Théâtres en lutte. Le théâtre militant en France des années 1960 à aujourd'hui'', Paris, La Découverte, 2007.
* Beïda Chikhi et Anne Douaire-Banny, ''Kateb Yacine au cœur d'une histoire polygonale'', Rennes, PUR, 2014.
* Patrick Autréaux, « Kateb Yacine, la révolution dans la révolution », dans ''Les Lettres françaises'', nᵒ 169, 2019.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Collection « Classiques du monde », présentation Ismaël Abdoun, Fernand Nathan, Paris / SNED, Alger, 1986.
* ''Awal'', nᵒ 9, ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'', 1992.
== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
[[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ |ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ |ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
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      <text bytes="11979" sha1="2x8ersewdaz22o46w469z1ib2bb6mu3" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine family, Souk Ahras 1940s.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴳ [[1940]]]]
ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⵓⴷⵔⵜ ==
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴳ 25 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 1929 (ⵏⵖ ⴳ 2 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ) ⴳ ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ, ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ [[ⴰⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ|ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ]]. ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵡⵉⵜ]] &lt;ref&gt;Document généalogique familial indiquant l’origine de la famille Kateb à Bir Bou Haouch, wilaya de Souk Ahras (voir arbre généalogique conservé par la famille, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur dna.fr. »(Archive.org • Wikiwix • Que faire ?).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur tamusni.tripod.com. », sur tripod.com via Internet Archive.&lt;/ref&gt; - ⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵙ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵢⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, Nedjma (lire en ligne [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ])&lt;/ref&gt; -, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵉⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴼⴰⵀⵍⵉ, ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵃⵎⵎⴰⵎ ⵏⴱⴰⵢⵍ (ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴳⴰⵍⵎⴰ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵜⵉⵢⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴱⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵓⵜ) &lt;ref&gt;La tribu des Beni Keblout fut l’objet de la part de l’armée française en 1852, notamment après la découverte des corps d’un couple français gisant dans une grotte, à Aïn Ghrour, pénates de la tribu. Cette tribu a une place centrale dans Nedjma.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, [[ⵚⴰⵍⵃ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵍⵇⴰⵙⵎ]], ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1874, ⵉⵎⴰ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ &quot;[[ⴱⴰⵛ ⵄⴷⵍ]]&quot; (ⴰⵏⴱⴹⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⴱⴹⵓ) ⴳ ⴽⵓⵏⴷⵉ ⵙⵎⵏⴷⵓ (ⵖⵔⵉⵖⵓⵔ ⵡⴰⵙⴰ). ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵜⵜⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ. ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵓⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ (ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⴽ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ &quot;ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴰⴷⵉⴱ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]) ⴳ 1934 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⵙⴷⵕⵡⴰⵜ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1935 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ ⴳ ⵍⴰⴼⴰⵢⵉⵜ (ⴱⵓⵇⴰⵄⴰ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ, ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵟⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵔⵓⵅⵅⴰ), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵣⴷⵖ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ 1941, ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵙⵟⵉⴼ]]: ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴱⵉⵕⵟⵉⵏⵉ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴽⵔⵡⴰⵏⵉ]] ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ.
== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ==
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵓⵎⵉ ⵏⴽⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ [[1945]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵓⵍⵜⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵉⵍⵉⵛⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Kateb Yacine, le poète errant (1929-1989) [archive] », sur France Culture, 31 juillet 2016&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵔⴰⴼ ⵉ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ. ⴷ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵍⵓⵍ ⵜⴳⵯⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ «ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵚⵉⴹ» &lt;ref&gt;« Je suis né d'une mère folle très géniale. Elle était généreuse, simple, et des perles coulaient de ses lèvres. Je les ai recueillies sans savoir leur valeur. Après le massacre (8 mai 1945), je l'ai vue devenir folle. Elle, la source de tout. Elle se jetait dans le feu, partout où il y avait du feu. Ses jambes, ses bras, sa tête, n'étaient que brûlures. J'ai vécu ça, et je me suis lancé tout droit dans la folie d'un amour, impossible pour une cousine déjà mariée. »
— Kateb Yacine dans Ghania Khelifi, 1990, p. 13&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: «ⵀⴰⵜ ⵍⵓⵍⵖ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵉⵏⵓ, ⴳ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1945. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵉⵏⵓ ⵕⵥⵎⵏⵜ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴽⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⴷ ⵎⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵔⵡⵍⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⵜⵍ, ⵎⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵉ, ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵃⴰⵏⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵉⵥⵕ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ. ⵉⵎⵎⴰ, ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵉⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⵜⵣⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵍⴰⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ» &lt;ref&gt;Benamar Médiène, Kateb Yacine : le coeur entre les dents : biographie hétérodoxe, R. Laffont, 2006 (ISBN 2-221-10733-0 et 978-2-221-10733-1, OCLC 72758351, lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:KatebYacinePassport.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|[[ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ|ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴱⵓⵔ/ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ]] ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ]]
=== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ===
* ''Les Fruits de la colère'', préface à Aît Djaffar, ''Complainte de la petite Yasmina''
* ''Les mille et une nuit de la révolution'', préface à Abdelhamid Benzine, ''La Plaine et la montagne''
* ''Les Ancêtres redoublent de férocité'', préface à Tassadit Yacine, &quot;[[Lounis Ait Menguellet]] chante…&quot;, textes berbères et français, Paris, La Découverte, 1989; Alger Bouchène/Awal, 1990 [dernier texte de Kateb Yacine, adressé à Tassadit Yacine le 29 septembre 1989, un mois avant sa mort]. 
* Kateb Yacine a également écrit plusieurs préfaces pour ses amis peintres, M'hamed Issiakhem (''Œil-de-lynx et les américains, trente-cinq années de l'enfer d'un peintre'') et [[Mohammed Khadda]].
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine, Pierre Bernard, et Habib Tengour.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ [[ⴱⵢⵉⵔ ⴱⵉⵔⵏⴰⵔⴷ]] ⴷ [[ⵃⴰⴱⵉⴱ ⵜⵏⴳⵓⵔ]].]]
* Jacqueline Arnaud, ''La Littérature maghrébine de langue française'', Paris, Publisud, 1986.
* Isidro Romero, ''Kateb Yacine, écrivain public'', entretien filmé, coll. &quot;Un certain Regard&quot;, Service de la recherche de l'ORTF / INA, 1971, 54 min, couleur.
* Jean Déjeux, ''Bibliographie méthodique et critique de la littérature algérienne de langue française 1945-1977'', SNED, Alger, 1979.
* Jean Déjeux, « Hommage Kateb Yacine écrivain de l'Algérie profonde », ''Hommes et Migrations'', nᵒ 1127, 1989, pp. 57-60. [https://www.persee.fr/doc/homig_1142-852x_1989_num_1127_1_1387 Lire en ligne].
* Jean Déjeux, ''Dictionnaire des auteurs maghrébins de langue française'', Paris, Éditions Karthala, 1984 (ISBN 2-86537-085-2).
* ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'' [avec une bibliographie détaillée de Jacqueline Arnaud], Kalim nᵒ 7, Alger, Office des Publications Universitaires, 1987, 264 p.
* Hassima Ould Amar, ''L’Exil dans « Le Polygone Étoilé » De KATEB Yacine'', mémoire de magister, Université Hadj Lakhdar.
* Ghania Khelifi, ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats et poèmes'', [chronologie et très nombreux documents], Alger, Enag Éditions, 1990, 136 p.
* Naget Khadda, ''Kateb Yacine - Une vie, Une œuvre'', Casablanca, Centre Culturel du Livre Édition/Distribution, 2020, 128 p.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Actes du colloque international de l'Université d'Alger en 1990, Alger, OPU, 1991.
* ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats de mémoire'', documents réunis par Olivier Corpet, Albert Dichy et Mireille Djaider, Éditions de l'IMEC, 1994, 80 p. (ISBN 2908295202).
* Joseph Le Coq, ''Kateb Yacine, le rebelle amoureux'', CBA, 1989.
* Saïd Tamba, ''Kateb Yacine'', coll. Poètes d'Aujourd'hui, Seghers, Paris, 1992.
* ''Anthologie de la littérature algérienne (1950-1987)'', introduction, choix, notices et commentaires de Charles Bonn, Le Livre de Poche, Paris, 1990 (ISBN 2-253-05309-0).
* Beïda Chikhi, ''L'Édifice métaphorique katébien'', dans ''Littérature algérienne, désir d'histoire et esthétique'', Paris, L'Harmattan, 1997.
* Stéphane Gatti, ''Kateb Yacine, poète en trois langues'', documentaire, France, 2001. Production, La Parole errante.
* Sarah Baron, Swann Dubus, ''Le Cadavre encerclé de Kateb Yacine lu par Armand Gatti'', captation vidéo, France, 2003. Production : le Volcan/scène nationale du Havre. © La Parole errante.
* Benamar Mediene, ''Kateb Yacine, le cœur entre les dents'', Robert Laffont, Paris, 2006 (Préface de Gilles Perrault).
* Olivier Neveux, ''Théâtres en lutte. Le théâtre militant en France des années 1960 à aujourd'hui'', Paris, La Découverte, 2007.
* Beïda Chikhi et Anne Douaire-Banny, ''Kateb Yacine au cœur d'une histoire polygonale'', Rennes, PUR, 2014.
* Patrick Autréaux, « Kateb Yacine, la révolution dans la révolution », dans ''Les Lettres françaises'', nᵒ 169, 2019.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Collection « Classiques du monde », présentation Ismaël Abdoun, Fernand Nathan, Paris / SNED, Alger, 1986.
* ''Awal'', nᵒ 9, ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'', 1992.
== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
[[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ |ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ |ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
      <sha1>2x8ersewdaz22o46w469z1ib2bb6mu3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
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        <username>ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ</username>
        <id>10568</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ */</comment>
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      <text bytes="12261" sha1="64hsdeujzdrhf1icvsdt2mfx6g2db2n" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine family, Souk Ahras 1940s.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴳ [[1940]]]]
ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⵓⴷⵔⵜ ==
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴳ 25 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 1929 (ⵏⵖ ⴳ 2 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ) ⴳ ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ, ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ [[ⴰⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ|ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ]]. ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵡⵉⵜ]] &lt;ref&gt;Document généalogique familial indiquant l’origine de la famille Kateb à Bir Bou Haouch, wilaya de Souk Ahras (voir arbre généalogique conservé par la famille, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur dna.fr. »(Archive.org • Wikiwix • Que faire ?).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur tamusni.tripod.com. », sur tripod.com via Internet Archive.&lt;/ref&gt; - ⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵙ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵢⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, Nedjma (lire en ligne [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ])&lt;/ref&gt; -, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵉⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴼⴰⵀⵍⵉ, ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵃⵎⵎⴰⵎ ⵏⴱⴰⵢⵍ (ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴳⴰⵍⵎⴰ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵜⵉⵢⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴱⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵓⵜ) &lt;ref&gt;La tribu des Beni Keblout fut l’objet de la part de l’armée française en 1852, notamment après la découverte des corps d’un couple français gisant dans une grotte, à Aïn Ghrour, pénates de la tribu. Cette tribu a une place centrale dans Nedjma.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, [[ⵚⴰⵍⵃ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵍⵇⴰⵙⵎ]], ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1874, ⵉⵎⴰ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ &quot;[[ⴱⴰⵛ ⵄⴷⵍ]]&quot; (ⴰⵏⴱⴹⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⴱⴹⵓ) ⴳ ⴽⵓⵏⴷⵉ ⵙⵎⵏⴷⵓ (ⵖⵔⵉⵖⵓⵔ ⵡⴰⵙⴰ). ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵜⵜⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ. ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵓⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ (ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⴽ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ &quot;ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴰⴷⵉⴱ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]) ⴳ 1934 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⵙⴷⵕⵡⴰⵜ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1935 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ ⴳ ⵍⴰⴼⴰⵢⵉⵜ (ⴱⵓⵇⴰⵄⴰ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ, ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵟⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵔⵓⵅⵅⴰ), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵣⴷⵖ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ 1941, ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵙⵟⵉⴼ]]: ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴱⵉⵕⵟⵉⵏⵉ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴽⵔⵡⴰⵏⵉ]] ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ.
== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ==
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵓⵎⵉ ⵏⴽⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ [[1945]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵓⵍⵜⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵉⵍⵉⵛⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Kateb Yacine, le poète errant (1929-1989) [archive] », sur France Culture, 31 juillet 2016&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵔⴰⴼ ⵉ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ. ⴷ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵍⵓⵍ ⵜⴳⵯⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ «ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵚⵉⴹ» &lt;ref&gt;« Je suis né d'une mère folle très géniale. Elle était généreuse, simple, et des perles coulaient de ses lèvres. Je les ai recueillies sans savoir leur valeur. Après le massacre (8 mai 1945), je l'ai vue devenir folle. Elle, la source de tout. Elle se jetait dans le feu, partout où il y avait du feu. Ses jambes, ses bras, sa tête, n'étaient que brûlures. J'ai vécu ça, et je me suis lancé tout droit dans la folie d'un amour, impossible pour une cousine déjà mariée. »
— Kateb Yacine dans Ghania Khelifi, 1990, p. 13&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: «ⵀⴰⵜ ⵍⵓⵍⵖ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵉⵏⵓ, ⴳ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1945. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵉⵏⵓ ⵕⵥⵎⵏⵜ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴽⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⴷ ⵎⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵔⵡⵍⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⵜⵍ, ⵎⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵉ, ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵃⴰⵏⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵉⵥⵕ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ. ⵉⵎⵎⴰ, ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵉⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⵜⵣⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵍⴰⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ» &lt;ref&gt;Benamar Médiène, Kateb Yacine : le coeur entre les dents : biographie hétérodoxe, R. Laffont, 2006 (ISBN 2-221-10733-0 et 978-2-221-10733-1, OCLC 72758351, lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:KatebYacinePassport.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|[[ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ|ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴱⵓⵔ/ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ]] ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ]]
=== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ===
* ''Les Fruits de la colère'', préface à Aît Djaffar, ''Complainte de la petite Yasmina''
* ''Les mille et une nuit de la révolution'', préface à Abdelhamid Benzine, ''La Plaine et la montagne''
* ''Les Ancêtres redoublent de férocité'', préface à Tassadit Yacine, &quot;[[Lounis Ait Menguellet]] chante…&quot;, textes berbères et français, Paris, La Découverte, 1989; Alger Bouchène/Awal, 1990 [dernier texte de Kateb Yacine, adressé à Tassadit Yacine le 29 septembre 1989, un mois avant sa mort]. 
* Kateb Yacine a également écrit plusieurs préfaces pour ses amis peintres, M'hamed Issiakhem (''Œil-de-lynx et les américains, trente-cinq années de l'enfer d'un peintre'') et [[Mohammed Khadda]].
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine, Pierre Bernard, et Habib Tengour.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ [[ⴱⵢⵉⵔ ⴱⵉⵔⵏⴰⵔⴷ]] ⴷ [[ⵃⴰⴱⵉⴱ ⵜⵏⴳⵓⵔ]].]]
* Jacqueline Arnaud, ''La Littérature maghrébine de langue française'', Paris, Publisud, 1986.
* Isidro Romero, ''Kateb Yacine, écrivain public'', entretien filmé, coll. &quot;Un certain Regard&quot;, Service de la recherche de l'ORTF / INA, 1971, 54 min, couleur.
* Jean Déjeux, ''Bibliographie méthodique et critique de la littérature algérienne de langue française 1945-1977'', SNED, Alger, 1979.
* Jean Déjeux, « Hommage Kateb Yacine écrivain de l'Algérie profonde », ''Hommes et Migrations'', nᵒ 1127, 1989, pp. 57-60. [https://www.persee.fr/doc/homig_1142-852x_1989_num_1127_1_1387 Lire en ligne].
* Jean Déjeux, ''Dictionnaire des auteurs maghrébins de langue française'', Paris, Éditions Karthala, 1984 (ISBN 2-86537-085-2).
* ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'' [avec une bibliographie détaillée de Jacqueline Arnaud], Kalim nᵒ 7, Alger, Office des Publications Universitaires, 1987, 264 p.
* Hassima Ould Amar, ''L’Exil dans « Le Polygone Étoilé » De KATEB Yacine'', mémoire de magister, Université Hadj Lakhdar.
* Ghania Khelifi, ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats et poèmes'', [chronologie et très nombreux documents], Alger, Enag Éditions, 1990, 136 p.
* Naget Khadda, ''Kateb Yacine - Une vie, Une œuvre'', Casablanca, Centre Culturel du Livre Édition/Distribution, 2020, 128 p.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Actes du colloque international de l'Université d'Alger en 1990, Alger, OPU, 1991.
* ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats de mémoire'', documents réunis par Olivier Corpet, Albert Dichy et Mireille Djaider, Éditions de l'IMEC, 1994, 80 p. (ISBN 2908295202).
* Joseph Le Coq, ''Kateb Yacine, le rebelle amoureux'', CBA, 1989.
* Saïd Tamba, ''Kateb Yacine'', coll. Poètes d'Aujourd'hui, Seghers, Paris, 1992.
* ''Anthologie de la littérature algérienne (1950-1987)'', introduction, choix, notices et commentaires de Charles Bonn, Le Livre de Poche, Paris, 1990 (ISBN 2-253-05309-0).
* Beïda Chikhi, ''L'Édifice métaphorique katébien'', dans ''Littérature algérienne, désir d'histoire et esthétique'', Paris, L'Harmattan, 1997.
* Stéphane Gatti, ''Kateb Yacine, poète en trois langues'', documentaire, France, 2001. Production, La Parole errante.
* Sarah Baron, Swann Dubus, ''Le Cadavre encerclé de Kateb Yacine lu par Armand Gatti'', captation vidéo, France, 2003. Production : le Volcan/scène nationale du Havre. © La Parole errante.
* Benamar Mediene, ''Kateb Yacine, le cœur entre les dents'', Robert Laffont, Paris, 2006 (Préface de Gilles Perrault).
* Olivier Neveux, ''Théâtres en lutte. Le théâtre militant en France des années 1960 à aujourd'hui'', Paris, La Découverte, 2007.
* Beïda Chikhi et Anne Douaire-Banny, ''Kateb Yacine au cœur d'une histoire polygonale'', Rennes, PUR, 2014.
* Patrick Autréaux, « Kateb Yacine, la révolution dans la révolution », dans ''Les Lettres françaises'', nᵒ 169, 2019.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Collection « Classiques du monde », présentation Ismaël Abdoun, Fernand Nathan, Paris / SNED, Alger, 1986.
* ''Awal'', nᵒ 9, ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'', 1992.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Rue d'Alger, 1978.jpg|thumb|Right|210x210px|ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵎⴰⵍⵜ ⴱ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ, ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵏⵖ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⵅⵎ]]]]

== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
[[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}}
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'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine family, Souk Ahras 1940s.jpg|thumb|left|184x184px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴳ [[1940]]]]
ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⵓⴷⵔⵜ ==
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴳ 25 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 1929 (ⵏⵖ ⴳ 2 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ) ⴳ ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ, ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ [[ⴰⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ|ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ]]. ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵡⵉⵜ]] &lt;ref&gt;Document généalogique familial indiquant l’origine de la famille Kateb à Bir Bou Haouch, wilaya de Souk Ahras (voir arbre généalogique conservé par la famille, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur dna.fr. »(Archive.org • Wikiwix • Que faire ?).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur tamusni.tripod.com. », sur tripod.com via Internet Archive.&lt;/ref&gt; - ⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵙ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵢⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, Nedjma (lire en ligne [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ])&lt;/ref&gt; -, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵉⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴼⴰⵀⵍⵉ, ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵃⵎⵎⴰⵎ ⵏⴱⴰⵢⵍ (ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴳⴰⵍⵎⴰ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵜⵉⵢⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴱⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵓⵜ) &lt;ref&gt;La tribu des Beni Keblout fut l’objet de la part de l’armée française en 1852, notamment après la découverte des corps d’un couple français gisant dans une grotte, à Aïn Ghrour, pénates de la tribu. Cette tribu a une place centrale dans Nedjma.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, [[ⵚⴰⵍⵃ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵍⵇⴰⵙⵎ]], ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1874, ⵉⵎⴰ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ &quot;[[ⴱⴰⵛ ⵄⴷⵍ]]&quot; (ⴰⵏⴱⴹⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⴱⴹⵓ) ⴳ ⴽⵓⵏⴷⵉ ⵙⵎⵏⴷⵓ (ⵖⵔⵉⵖⵓⵔ ⵡⴰⵙⴰ). ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵜⵜⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ. ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵓⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ (ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⴽ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ &quot;ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴰⴷⵉⴱ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]) ⴳ 1934 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⵙⴷⵕⵡⴰⵜ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1935 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ ⴳ ⵍⴰⴼⴰⵢⵉⵜ (ⴱⵓⵇⴰⵄⴰ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ, ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵟⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵔⵓⵅⵅⴰ), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵣⴷⵖ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ 1941, ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵙⵟⵉⴼ]]: ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴱⵉⵕⵟⵉⵏⵉ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴽⵔⵡⴰⵏⵉ]] ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ.
== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ==
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵓⵎⵉ ⵏⴽⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ [[1945]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵓⵍⵜⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵉⵍⵉⵛⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Kateb Yacine, le poète errant (1929-1989) [archive] », sur France Culture, 31 juillet 2016&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵔⴰⴼ ⵉ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ. ⴷ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵍⵓⵍ ⵜⴳⵯⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ «ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵚⵉⴹ» &lt;ref&gt;« Je suis né d'une mère folle très géniale. Elle était généreuse, simple, et des perles coulaient de ses lèvres. Je les ai recueillies sans savoir leur valeur. Après le massacre (8 mai 1945), je l'ai vue devenir folle. Elle, la source de tout. Elle se jetait dans le feu, partout où il y avait du feu. Ses jambes, ses bras, sa tête, n'étaient que brûlures. J'ai vécu ça, et je me suis lancé tout droit dans la folie d'un amour, impossible pour une cousine déjà mariée. »
— Kateb Yacine dans Ghania Khelifi, 1990, p. 13&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: «ⵀⴰⵜ ⵍⵓⵍⵖ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵉⵏⵓ, ⴳ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1945. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵉⵏⵓ ⵕⵥⵎⵏⵜ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴽⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⴷ ⵎⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵔⵡⵍⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⵜⵍ, ⵎⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵉ, ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵃⴰⵏⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵉⵥⵕ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ. ⵉⵎⵎⴰ, ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵉⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⵜⵣⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵍⴰⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ» &lt;ref&gt;Benamar Médiène, Kateb Yacine : le coeur entre les dents : biographie hétérodoxe, R. Laffont, 2006 (ISBN 2-221-10733-0 et 978-2-221-10733-1, OCLC 72758351, lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:KatebYacinePassport.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|[[ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ|ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴱⵓⵔ/ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ]] ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ]]
=== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ===
* ''Les Fruits de la colère'', préface à Aît Djaffar, ''Complainte de la petite Yasmina''
* ''Les mille et une nuit de la révolution'', préface à Abdelhamid Benzine, ''La Plaine et la montagne''
* ''Les Ancêtres redoublent de férocité'', préface à Tassadit Yacine, &quot;[[Lounis Ait Menguellet]] chante…&quot;, textes berbères et français, Paris, La Découverte, 1989; Alger Bouchène/Awal, 1990 [dernier texte de Kateb Yacine, adressé à Tassadit Yacine le 29 septembre 1989, un mois avant sa mort]. 
* Kateb Yacine a également écrit plusieurs préfaces pour ses amis peintres, M'hamed Issiakhem (''Œil-de-lynx et les américains, trente-cinq années de l'enfer d'un peintre'') et [[Mohammed Khadda]].
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine, Pierre Bernard, et Habib Tengour.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ [[ⴱⵢⵉⵔ ⴱⵉⵔⵏⴰⵔⴷ]] ⴷ [[ⵃⴰⴱⵉⴱ ⵜⵏⴳⵓⵔ]].]]
* Jacqueline Arnaud, ''La Littérature maghrébine de langue française'', Paris, Publisud, 1986.
* Isidro Romero, ''Kateb Yacine, écrivain public'', entretien filmé, coll. &quot;Un certain Regard&quot;, Service de la recherche de l'ORTF / INA, 1971, 54 min, couleur.
* Jean Déjeux, ''Bibliographie méthodique et critique de la littérature algérienne de langue française 1945-1977'', SNED, Alger, 1979.
* Jean Déjeux, « Hommage Kateb Yacine écrivain de l'Algérie profonde », ''Hommes et Migrations'', nᵒ 1127, 1989, pp. 57-60. [https://www.persee.fr/doc/homig_1142-852x_1989_num_1127_1_1387 Lire en ligne].
* Jean Déjeux, ''Dictionnaire des auteurs maghrébins de langue française'', Paris, Éditions Karthala, 1984 (ISBN 2-86537-085-2).
* ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'' [avec une bibliographie détaillée de Jacqueline Arnaud], Kalim nᵒ 7, Alger, Office des Publications Universitaires, 1987, 264 p.
* Hassima Ould Amar, ''L’Exil dans « Le Polygone Étoilé » De KATEB Yacine'', mémoire de magister, Université Hadj Lakhdar.
* Ghania Khelifi, ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats et poèmes'', [chronologie et très nombreux documents], Alger, Enag Éditions, 1990, 136 p.
* Naget Khadda, ''Kateb Yacine - Une vie, Une œuvre'', Casablanca, Centre Culturel du Livre Édition/Distribution, 2020, 128 p.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Actes du colloque international de l'Université d'Alger en 1990, Alger, OPU, 1991.
* ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats de mémoire'', documents réunis par Olivier Corpet, Albert Dichy et Mireille Djaider, Éditions de l'IMEC, 1994, 80 p. (ISBN 2908295202).
* Joseph Le Coq, ''Kateb Yacine, le rebelle amoureux'', CBA, 1989.
* Saïd Tamba, ''Kateb Yacine'', coll. Poètes d'Aujourd'hui, Seghers, Paris, 1992.
* ''Anthologie de la littérature algérienne (1950-1987)'', introduction, choix, notices et commentaires de Charles Bonn, Le Livre de Poche, Paris, 1990 (ISBN 2-253-05309-0).
* Beïda Chikhi, ''L'Édifice métaphorique katébien'', dans ''Littérature algérienne, désir d'histoire et esthétique'', Paris, L'Harmattan, 1997.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Rue d'Alger, 1978.jpg|thumb|Right|210x210px|ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵎⴰⵍⵜ ⴱ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ, ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵏⵖ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⵅⵎ]]]]
* Stéphane Gatti, ''Kateb Yacine, poète en trois langues'', documentaire, France, 2001. Production, La Parole errante.
* Sarah Baron, Swann Dubus, ''Le Cadavre encerclé de Kateb Yacine lu par Armand Gatti'', captation vidéo, France, 2003. Production: le Volcan/scène nationale du Havre. © La Parole errante.
* Benamar Mediene, ''Kateb Yacine, le cœur entre les dents'', Robert Laffont, Paris, 2006 (Préface de Gilles Perrault).
* Olivier Neveux, ''Théâtres en lutte. Le théâtre militant en France des années 1960 à aujourd'hui'', Paris, La Découverte, 2007.
* Beïda Chikhi et Anne Douaire-Banny, ''Kateb Yacine au cœur d'une histoire polygonale'', Rennes, PUR, 2014.
* Patrick Autréaux, « Kateb Yacine, la révolution dans la révolution », dans ''Les Lettres françaises'', nᵒ 169, 2019.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Collection « Classiques du monde », présentation Ismaël Abdoun, Fernand Nathan, Paris / SNED, Alger, 1986.
* ''Awal'', nᵒ 9, ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'', 1992.
== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
[[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ |ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ |ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
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'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine family, Souk Ahras 1940s.jpg|thumb|left|184x184px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴳ [[1940]]]]
ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⵓⴷⵔⵜ ==
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴳ 25 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 1929 (ⵏⵖ ⴳ 2 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ) ⴳ ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ, ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ [[ⴰⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ|ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ]]. ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵡⵉⵜ]] &lt;ref&gt;Document généalogique familial indiquant l’origine de la famille Kateb à Bir Bou Haouch, wilaya de Souk Ahras (voir arbre généalogique conservé par la famille, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur dna.fr. »(Archive.org • Wikiwix • Que faire ?).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur tamusni.tripod.com. », sur tripod.com via Internet Archive.&lt;/ref&gt; - ⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵙ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵢⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, Nedjma (lire en ligne [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ])&lt;/ref&gt; -, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵉⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴼⴰⵀⵍⵉ, ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵃⵎⵎⴰⵎ ⵏⴱⴰⵢⵍ (ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴳⴰⵍⵎⴰ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵜⵉⵢⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴱⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵓⵜ) &lt;ref&gt;La tribu des Beni Keblout fut l’objet de la part de l’armée française en 1852, notamment après la découverte des corps d’un couple français gisant dans une grotte, à Aïn Ghrour, pénates de la tribu. Cette tribu a une place centrale dans Nedjma.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, [[ⵚⴰⵍⵃ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵍⵇⴰⵙⵎ]], ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1874, ⵉⵎⴰ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ &quot;[[ⴱⴰⵛ ⵄⴷⵍ]]&quot; (ⴰⵏⴱⴹⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⴱⴹⵓ) ⴳ ⴽⵓⵏⴷⵉ ⵙⵎⵏⴷⵓ (ⵖⵔⵉⵖⵓⵔ ⵡⴰⵙⴰ). ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵜⵜⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ. ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵓⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ (ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⴽ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ &quot;ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴰⴷⵉⴱ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]) ⴳ 1934 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⵙⴷⵕⵡⴰⵜ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1935 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ ⴳ ⵍⴰⴼⴰⵢⵉⵜ (ⴱⵓⵇⴰⵄⴰ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ, ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵟⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵔⵓⵅⵅⴰ), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵣⴷⵖ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ 1941, ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵙⵟⵉⴼ]]: ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴱⵉⵕⵟⵉⵏⵉ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴽⵔⵡⴰⵏⵉ]] ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ.
== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ==
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵓⵎⵉ ⵏⴽⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ [[1945]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵓⵍⵜⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵉⵍⵉⵛⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Kateb Yacine, le poète errant (1929-1989) [archive] », sur France Culture, 31 juillet 2016&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵔⴰⴼ ⵉ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ. ⴷ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵍⵓⵍ ⵜⴳⵯⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ «ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵚⵉⴹ» &lt;ref&gt;« Je suis né d'une mère folle très géniale. Elle était généreuse, simple, et des perles coulaient de ses lèvres. Je les ai recueillies sans savoir leur valeur. Après le massacre (8 mai 1945), je l'ai vue devenir folle. Elle, la source de tout. Elle se jetait dans le feu, partout où il y avait du feu. Ses jambes, ses bras, sa tête, n'étaient que brûlures. J'ai vécu ça, et je me suis lancé tout droit dans la folie d'un amour, impossible pour une cousine déjà mariée. »
— Kateb Yacine dans Ghania Khelifi, 1990, p. 13&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: «ⵀⴰⵜ ⵍⵓⵍⵖ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵉⵏⵓ, ⴳ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1945. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵉⵏⵓ ⵕⵥⵎⵏⵜ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴽⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⴷ ⵎⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵔⵡⵍⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⵜⵍ, ⵎⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵉ, ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵃⴰⵏⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵉⵥⵕ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ. ⵉⵎⵎⴰ, ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵉⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⵜⵣⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵍⴰⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ» &lt;ref&gt;Benamar Médiène, Kateb Yacine : le coeur entre les dents : biographie hétérodoxe, R. Laffont, 2006 (ISBN 2-221-10733-0 et 978-2-221-10733-1, OCLC 72758351, lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:KatebYacinePassport.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|[[ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ|ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴱⵓⵔ/ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ]] ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ]]
=== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ===
* ''Les Fruits de la colère'', préface à Aît Djaffar, ''Complainte de la petite Yasmina''
* ''Les mille et une nuit de la révolution'', préface à Abdelhamid Benzine, ''La Plaine et la montagne''
* ''Les Ancêtres redoublent de férocité'', préface à Tassadit Yacine, &quot;[[Lounis Ait Menguellet]] chante…&quot;, textes berbères et français, Paris, La Découverte, 1989; Alger Bouchène/Awal, 1990 [dernier texte de Kateb Yacine, adressé à Tassadit Yacine le 29 septembre 1989, un mois avant sa mort]. 
* Kateb Yacine a également écrit plusieurs préfaces pour ses amis peintres, M'hamed Issiakhem (''Œil-de-lynx et les américains, trente-cinq années de l'enfer d'un peintre'') et [[Mohammed Khadda]].
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine, Pierre Bernard, et Habib Tengour.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ [[ⴱⵢⵉⵔ ⴱⵉⵔⵏⴰⵔⴷ]] ⴷ [[ⵃⴰⴱⵉⴱ ⵜⵏⴳⵓⵔ]].]]
* Jacqueline Arnaud, ''La Littérature maghrébine de langue française'', Paris, Publisud, 1986.
* Isidro Romero, ''Kateb Yacine, écrivain public'', entretien filmé, coll. &quot;Un certain Regard&quot;, Service de la recherche de l'ORTF / INA, 1971, 54 min, couleur.
* Jean Déjeux, ''Bibliographie méthodique et critique de la littérature algérienne de langue française 1945-1977'', SNED, Alger, 1979.
* Jean Déjeux, « Hommage Kateb Yacine écrivain de l'Algérie profonde », ''Hommes et Migrations'', nᵒ 1127, 1989, pp. 57-60. [https://www.persee.fr/doc/homig_1142-852x_1989_num_1127_1_1387 Lire en ligne].
* Jean Déjeux, ''Dictionnaire des auteurs maghrébins de langue française'', Paris, Éditions Karthala, 1984 (ISBN 2-86537-085-2).
* ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'' [avec une bibliographie détaillée de Jacqueline Arnaud], Kalim nᵒ 7, Alger, Office des Publications Universitaires, 1987, 264 p.
* Hassima Ould Amar, ''L’Exil dans « Le Polygone Étoilé » De KATEB Yacine'', mémoire de magister, Université Hadj Lakhdar.
* Ghania Khelifi, ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats et poèmes'', [chronologie et très nombreux documents], Alger, Enag Éditions, 1990, 136 p.
* Naget Khadda, ''Kateb Yacine - Une vie, Une œuvre'', Casablanca, Centre Culturel du Livre Édition/Distribution, 2020, 128 p.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Actes du colloque international de l'Université d'Alger en 1990, Alger, OPU, 1991.
* ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats de mémoire'', documents réunis par Olivier Corpet, Albert Dichy et Mireille Djaider, Éditions de l'IMEC, 1994, 80 p. (ISBN 2908295202).
* Joseph Le Coq, ''Kateb Yacine, le rebelle amoureux'', CBA, 1989.
* Saïd Tamba, ''Kateb Yacine'', coll. Poètes d'Aujourd'hui, Seghers, Paris, 1992.
* ''Anthologie de la littérature algérienne (1950-1987)'', introduction, choix, notices et commentaires de Charles Bonn, Le Livre de Poche, Paris, 1990 (ISBN 2-253-05309-0).
* Beïda Chikhi, ''L'Édifice métaphorique katébien'', dans ''Littérature algérienne, désir d'histoire et esthétique'', Paris, L'Harmattan, 1997.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Rue d'Alger, 1978.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵎⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷⴳ [[ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ]], ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵏⵖ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⵅⵎ]]]]
* Stéphane Gatti, ''Kateb Yacine, poète en trois langues'', documentaire, France, 2001. Production, La Parole errante.
* Sarah Baron, Swann Dubus, ''Le Cadavre encerclé de Kateb Yacine lu par Armand Gatti'', captation vidéo, France, 2003. Production: le Volcan/scène nationale du Havre. © La Parole errante.
* Benamar Mediene, ''Kateb Yacine, le cœur entre les dents'', Robert Laffont, Paris, 2006 (Préface de Gilles Perrault).
* Olivier Neveux, ''Théâtres en lutte. Le théâtre militant en France des années 1960 à aujourd'hui'', Paris, La Découverte, 2007.
* Beïda Chikhi et Anne Douaire-Banny, ''Kateb Yacine au cœur d'une histoire polygonale'', Rennes, PUR, 2014.
* Patrick Autréaux, « Kateb Yacine, la révolution dans la révolution », dans ''Les Lettres françaises'', nᵒ 169, 2019.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Collection « Classiques du monde », présentation Ismaël Abdoun, Fernand Nathan, Paris / SNED, Alger, 1986.
* ''Awal'', nᵒ 9, ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'', 1992.
== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
[[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ |ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ |ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
      <sha1>fihcnvunppo1kh9iky3t55vcbu9ndgq</sha1>
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      <text bytes="15286" sha1="dwljsgfgwtdwr2br0fblrubxf58stkm" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine family, Souk Ahras 1940s.jpg|thumb|left|184x184px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴳ [[1940]]]]
ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⵓⴷⵔⵜ ==
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴳ 25 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 1929 (ⵏⵖ ⴳ 2 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ) ⴳ ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ, ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ [[ⴰⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ|ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ]]. ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵡⵉⵜ]] &lt;ref&gt;Document généalogique familial indiquant l’origine de la famille Kateb à Bir Bou Haouch, wilaya de Souk Ahras (voir arbre généalogique conservé par la famille, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur dna.fr. »(Archive.org • Wikiwix • Que faire ?).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur tamusni.tripod.com. », sur tripod.com via Internet Archive.&lt;/ref&gt; - ⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵙ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵢⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, Nedjma (lire en ligne [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ])&lt;/ref&gt; -, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵉⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴼⴰⵀⵍⵉ, ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵃⵎⵎⴰⵎ ⵏⴱⴰⵢⵍ (ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴳⴰⵍⵎⴰ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵜⵉⵢⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴱⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵓⵜ) &lt;ref&gt;La tribu des Beni Keblout fut l’objet de la part de l’armée française en 1852, notamment après la découverte des corps d’un couple français gisant dans une grotte, à Aïn Ghrour, pénates de la tribu. Cette tribu a une place centrale dans Nedjma.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, [[ⵚⴰⵍⵃ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵍⵇⴰⵙⵎ]], ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1874, ⵉⵎⴰ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ &quot;[[ⴱⴰⵛ ⵄⴷⵍ]]&quot; (ⴰⵏⴱⴹⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⴱⴹⵓ) ⴳ ⴽⵓⵏⴷⵉ ⵙⵎⵏⴷⵓ (ⵖⵔⵉⵖⵓⵔ ⵡⴰⵙⴰ). ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵜⵜⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ. ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵓⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ (ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⴽ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ &quot;ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴰⴷⵉⴱ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]) ⴳ 1934 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⵙⴷⵕⵡⴰⵜ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1935 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ ⴳ ⵍⴰⴼⴰⵢⵉⵜ (ⴱⵓⵇⴰⵄⴰ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ, ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵟⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵔⵓⵅⵅⴰ), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵣⴷⵖ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ 1941, ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵙⵟⵉⴼ]]: ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴱⵉⵕⵟⵉⵏⵉ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴽⵔⵡⴰⵏⵉ]] ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ.
== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ==
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵓⵎⵉ ⵏⴽⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ [[1945]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵓⵍⵜⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵉⵍⵉⵛⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Kateb Yacine, le poète errant (1929-1989) [archive] », sur France Culture, 31 juillet 2016&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵔⴰⴼ ⵉ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ. ⴷ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵍⵓⵍ ⵜⴳⵯⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ «ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵚⵉⴹ» &lt;ref&gt;« Je suis né d'une mère folle très géniale. Elle était généreuse, simple, et des perles coulaient de ses lèvres. Je les ai recueillies sans savoir leur valeur. Après le massacre (8 mai 1945), je l'ai vue devenir folle. Elle, la source de tout. Elle se jetait dans le feu, partout où il y avait du feu. Ses jambes, ses bras, sa tête, n'étaient que brûlures. J'ai vécu ça, et je me suis lancé tout droit dans la folie d'un amour, impossible pour une cousine déjà mariée. »
— Kateb Yacine dans Ghania Khelifi, 1990, p. 13&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: «ⵀⴰⵜ ⵍⵓⵍⵖ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵉⵏⵓ, ⴳ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1945. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵉⵏⵓ ⵕⵥⵎⵏⵜ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴽⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⴷ ⵎⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵔⵡⵍⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⵜⵍ, ⵎⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵉ, ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵃⴰⵏⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵉⵥⵕ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ. ⵉⵎⵎⴰ, ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵉⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⵜⵣⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵍⴰⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ» &lt;ref&gt;Benamar Médiène, Kateb Yacine : le coeur entre les dents : biographie hétérodoxe, R. Laffont, 2006 (ISBN 2-221-10733-0 et 978-2-221-10733-1, OCLC 72758351, lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:KatebYacinePassport.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|[[ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ|ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴱⵓⵔ/ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ]] ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ.]]
ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ - ⴷ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵉⵀⵔⵛⵏ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴹ  ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ [[ⴱⵓⴷⵍⵉⵔ]] ⴷ [[ⵍⵓⵜⵔⵢⴰⵎⵓⵏ]] - ⵢⵓⵣⵏ ⵜ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵖⵔ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⴱⵓⵏⴰ (ⵄⵏⵏⴰⴱⴰ)|ⴱⵓⵏⴰ]] (ⵄⵏⵏⴰⴱⴰ). ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ&quot; (ⵜⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ), «ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵄⵎⵎⵜⵉⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⴰⵀⵍⵏ», ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⵔ «ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ», ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴳ 1946 ⵜⴰⴷⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ.

ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⴰⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ|ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ]], [[ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ]] ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ.

== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ==
ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ [[ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ]], «ⴳ ⵢⵉⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵛⵛⵏ». ⴷ ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵏ [[ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ]], ⴳ ⵜⵣⵇⵇⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵖⴼ [[ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵔ|ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵔ]] &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, « Abdelkader et l'indépendance algérienne [archive] », sur altair.imarabe.org (consulté le 17 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵙ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵏⵊⵎⴰⵡ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ. ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵟⵕⵓⴱⵓⵍⵉⵜ, ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵊⵏⵡⵉ&quot; («ⴰⵔⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ») ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⵓ ⵎⵉⵔⴽⵓⵕ ⴷⵓ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙ&quot; (Le Mercure de France). ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⴳⵔ 1949 ⴷ 1951, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴰⵄⵓⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵙⵙⵓⴷⴰⵏ (ⵍⵅⵕⵟⵓⵎ). ⴷ ⵡⴰⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴷⵡⵍ, ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⵙ ⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ, ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵉⵏⵜⵍⵏ &quot;ⵙⴰⵄⵉⴷ ⵍⴰⵎⵔⵉ&quot;, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵏⴽⴽⴹ «ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴰⵢ» ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷⴰ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵥⵕⵏ ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⴽⴽⴰ|ⵎⴽⴽⴰ]].

== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ==
* ''Les Fruits de la colère'', préface à Aît Djaffar, ''Complainte de la petite Yasmina''
* ''Les mille et une nuit de la révolution'', préface à Abdelhamid Benzine, ''La Plaine et la montagne''
* ''Les Ancêtres redoublent de férocité'', préface à Tassadit Yacine, &quot;[[Lounis Ait Menguellet]] chante…&quot;, textes berbères et français, Paris, La Découverte, 1989; Alger Bouchène/Awal, 1990 [dernier texte de Kateb Yacine, adressé à Tassadit Yacine le 29 septembre 1989, un mois avant sa mort]. 
* Kateb Yacine a également écrit plusieurs préfaces pour ses amis peintres, M'hamed Issiakhem (''Œil-de-lynx et les américains, trente-cinq années de l'enfer d'un peintre'') et [[Mohammed Khadda]].
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine, Pierre Bernard, et Habib Tengour.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ [[ⴱⵢⵉⵔ ⴱⵉⵔⵏⴰⵔⴷ]] ⴷ [[ⵃⴰⴱⵉⴱ ⵜⵏⴳⵓⵔ]].]]
* Jacqueline Arnaud, ''La Littérature maghrébine de langue française'', Paris, Publisud, 1986.
* Isidro Romero, ''Kateb Yacine, écrivain public'', entretien filmé, coll. &quot;Un certain Regard&quot;, Service de la recherche de l'ORTF / INA, 1971, 54 min, couleur.
* Jean Déjeux, ''Bibliographie méthodique et critique de la littérature algérienne de langue française 1945-1977'', SNED, Alger, 1979.
* Jean Déjeux, « Hommage Kateb Yacine écrivain de l'Algérie profonde », ''Hommes et Migrations'', nᵒ 1127, 1989, pp. 57-60. [https://www.persee.fr/doc/homig_1142-852x_1989_num_1127_1_1387 Lire en ligne].
* Jean Déjeux, ''Dictionnaire des auteurs maghrébins de langue française'', Paris, Éditions Karthala, 1984 (ISBN 2-86537-085-2).
* ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'' [avec une bibliographie détaillée de Jacqueline Arnaud], Kalim nᵒ 7, Alger, Office des Publications Universitaires, 1987, 264 p.
* Hassima Ould Amar, ''L’Exil dans « Le Polygone Étoilé » De KATEB Yacine'', mémoire de magister, Université Hadj Lakhdar.
* Ghania Khelifi, ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats et poèmes'', [chronologie et très nombreux documents], Alger, Enag Éditions, 1990, 136 p.
* Naget Khadda, ''Kateb Yacine - Une vie, Une œuvre'', Casablanca, Centre Culturel du Livre Édition/Distribution, 2020, 128 p.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Actes du colloque international de l'Université d'Alger en 1990, Alger, OPU, 1991.
* ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats de mémoire'', documents réunis par Olivier Corpet, Albert Dichy et Mireille Djaider, Éditions de l'IMEC, 1994, 80 p. (ISBN 2908295202).
* Joseph Le Coq, ''Kateb Yacine, le rebelle amoureux'', CBA, 1989.
* Saïd Tamba, ''Kateb Yacine'', coll. Poètes d'Aujourd'hui, Seghers, Paris, 1992.
* ''Anthologie de la littérature algérienne (1950-1987)'', introduction, choix, notices et commentaires de Charles Bonn, Le Livre de Poche, Paris, 1990 (ISBN 2-253-05309-0).
* Beïda Chikhi, ''L'Édifice métaphorique katébien'', dans ''Littérature algérienne, désir d'histoire et esthétique'', Paris, L'Harmattan, 1997.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Rue d'Alger, 1978.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵎⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷⴳ [[ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ]], ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵏⵖ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⵅⵎ]]]]
* Stéphane Gatti, ''Kateb Yacine, poète en trois langues'', documentaire, France, 2001. Production, La Parole errante.
* Sarah Baron, Swann Dubus, ''Le Cadavre encerclé de Kateb Yacine lu par Armand Gatti'', captation vidéo, France, 2003. Production: le Volcan/scène nationale du Havre. © La Parole errante.
* Benamar Mediene, ''Kateb Yacine, le cœur entre les dents'', Robert Laffont, Paris, 2006 (Préface de Gilles Perrault).
* Olivier Neveux, ''Théâtres en lutte. Le théâtre militant en France des années 1960 à aujourd'hui'', Paris, La Découverte, 2007.
* Beïda Chikhi et Anne Douaire-Banny, ''Kateb Yacine au cœur d'une histoire polygonale'', Rennes, PUR, 2014.
* Patrick Autréaux, « Kateb Yacine, la révolution dans la révolution », dans ''Les Lettres françaises'', nᵒ 169, 2019.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Collection « Classiques du monde », présentation Ismaël Abdoun, Fernand Nathan, Paris / SNED, Alger, 1986.
* ''Awal'', nᵒ 9, ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'', 1992.
== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
[[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ |ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ |ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
      <sha1>dwljsgfgwtdwr2br0fblrubxf58stkm</sha1>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-28T00:15:04Z</timestamp>
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        <username>ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ</username>
        <id>10568</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ */</comment>
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      <text bytes="15286" sha1="oye2l4xr2cfb3o1rgf00w15ajswz8rx" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine family, Souk Ahras 1940s.jpg|thumb|left|184x184px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴳ [[1940]]]]
ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⵓⴷⵔⵜ ==
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴳ 25 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 1929 (ⵏⵖ ⴳ 2 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ) ⴳ ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ, ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ [[ⴰⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ|ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ]]. ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵡⵉⵜ]] &lt;ref&gt;Document généalogique familial indiquant l’origine de la famille Kateb à Bir Bou Haouch, wilaya de Souk Ahras (voir arbre généalogique conservé par la famille, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur dna.fr. »(Archive.org • Wikiwix • Que faire ?).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur tamusni.tripod.com. », sur tripod.com via Internet Archive.&lt;/ref&gt; - ⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵙ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵢⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, Nedjma (lire en ligne [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ])&lt;/ref&gt; -, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵉⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴼⴰⵀⵍⵉ, ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵃⵎⵎⴰⵎ ⵏⴱⴰⵢⵍ (ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴳⴰⵍⵎⴰ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵜⵉⵢⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴱⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵓⵜ) &lt;ref&gt;La tribu des Beni Keblout fut l’objet de la part de l’armée française en 1852, notamment après la découverte des corps d’un couple français gisant dans une grotte, à Aïn Ghrour, pénates de la tribu. Cette tribu a une place centrale dans Nedjma.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, [[ⵚⴰⵍⵃ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵍⵇⴰⵙⵎ]], ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1874, ⵉⵎⴰ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ &quot;[[ⴱⴰⵛ ⵄⴷⵍ]]&quot; (ⴰⵏⴱⴹⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⴱⴹⵓ) ⴳ ⴽⵓⵏⴷⵉ ⵙⵎⵏⴷⵓ (ⵖⵔⵉⵖⵓⵔ ⵡⴰⵙⴰ). ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵜⵜⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ. ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵓⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ (ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⴽ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ &quot;ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴰⴷⵉⴱ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]) ⴳ 1934 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⵙⴷⵕⵡⴰⵜ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1935 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ ⴳ ⵍⴰⴼⴰⵢⵉⵜ (ⴱⵓⵇⴰⵄⴰ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ, ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵟⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵔⵓⵅⵅⴰ), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵣⴷⵖ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ 1941, ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵙⵟⵉⴼ]]: ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴱⵉⵕⵟⵉⵏⵉ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴽⵔⵡⴰⵏⵉ]] ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ.
== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ==
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵓⵎⵉ ⵏⴽⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ [[1945]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵓⵍⵜⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵉⵍⵉⵛⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Kateb Yacine, le poète errant (1929-1989) [archive] », sur France Culture, 31 juillet 2016&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵔⴰⴼ ⵉ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ. ⴷ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵍⵓⵍ ⵜⴳⵯⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ «ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵚⵉⴹ» &lt;ref&gt;« Je suis né d'une mère folle très géniale. Elle était généreuse, simple, et des perles coulaient de ses lèvres. Je les ai recueillies sans savoir leur valeur. Après le massacre (8 mai 1945), je l'ai vue devenir folle. Elle, la source de tout. Elle se jetait dans le feu, partout où il y avait du feu. Ses jambes, ses bras, sa tête, n'étaient que brûlures. J'ai vécu ça, et je me suis lancé tout droit dans la folie d'un amour, impossible pour une cousine déjà mariée. »
— Kateb Yacine dans Ghania Khelifi, 1990, p. 13&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: «ⵀⴰⵜ ⵍⵓⵍⵖ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵉⵏⵓ, ⴳ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1945. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵉⵏⵓ ⵕⵥⵎⵏⵜ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴽⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⴷ ⵎⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵔⵡⵍⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⵜⵍ, ⵎⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵉ, ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵃⴰⵏⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵉⵥⵕ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ. ⵉⵎⵎⴰ, ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵉⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⵜⵣⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵍⴰⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ» &lt;ref&gt;Benamar Médiène, Kateb Yacine : le coeur entre les dents : biographie hétérodoxe, R. Laffont, 2006 (ISBN 2-221-10733-0 et 978-2-221-10733-1, OCLC 72758351, lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:KatebYacinePassport.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|[[ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ|ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴱⵓⵔ/ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ]] ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ.]]
ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ - ⴷ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵉⵀⵔⵛⵏ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴹ  ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ [[ⴱⵓⴷⵍⵉⵔ]] ⴷ [[ⵍⵓⵜⵔⵢⴰⵎⵓⵏ]] - ⵢⵓⵣⵏ ⵜ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵖⵔ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⴱⵓⵏⴰ (ⵄⵏⵏⴰⴱⴰ)|ⴱⵓⵏⴰ]] (ⵄⵏⵏⴰⴱⴰ). ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ&quot; (ⵜⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ), «ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵄⵎⵎⵜⵉⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⴰⵀⵍⵏ», ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⵔ «ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ», ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴳ 1946 ⵜⴰⴷⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ.

ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⴰⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ|ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ]], [[ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ]] ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ.

== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ==
ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ [[ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ]], «ⴳ ⵢⵉⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵛⵛⵏ». ⴷ ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵏ [[ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ]], ⴳ ⵜⵣⵇⵇⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵖⴼ [[ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵔ|ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵔ]] &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, « Abdelkader et l'indépendance algérienne [archive] », sur altair.imarabe.org (consulté le 17 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵙ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵏⵊⵎⴰⵡ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ. ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵟⵕⵓⴱⵓⵍⵉⵜ, ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵊⵏⵡⵉ&quot; («ⴰⵔⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ») ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⵓ ⵎⵉⵔⴽⵓⵕ ⴷⵓ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙ&quot; (Le Mercure de France). ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⴳⵔ 1949 ⴷ 1951, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴰⵄⵓⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵙⵙⵓⴷⴰⵏ (ⵍⵅⵕⵟⵓⵎ). ⴷ ⵡⴰⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴷⵡⵍ, ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⵙ ⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ, ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵉⵏⵜⵍⵏ &quot;ⵙⴰⵄⵉⴷ ⵍⴰⵎⵔⵉ&quot;, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵏⴽⴽⴹ «ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴰⵢ» ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷⴰ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵥⵕⵏ ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⴽⴽⴰ|ⵎⴽⴽⴰ]].

== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ==
* ''Les Fruits de la colère'', préface à Aît Djaffar, ''Complainte de la petite Yasmina''
* ''Les mille et une nuit de la révolution'', préface à Abdelhamid Benzine, ''La Plaine et la montagne''
* ''Les Ancêtres redoublent de férocité'', préface à Tassadit Yacine, &quot;[[Lounis Ait Menguellet]] chante…&quot;, textes berbères et français, Paris, La Découverte, 1989; Alger Bouchène/Awal, 1990 [dernier texte de Kateb Yacine, adressé à Tassadit Yacine le 29 septembre 1989, un mois avant sa mort]. 
* Kateb Yacine a également écrit plusieurs préfaces pour ses amis peintres, M'hamed Issiakhem (''Œil-de-lynx et les américains, trente-cinq années de l'enfer d'un peintre'') et [[Mohammed Khadda]].
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine, Pierre Bernard, et Habib Tengour.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ [[ⴱⵢⵉⵔ ⴱⵉⵔⵏⴰⵔⴷ]] ⴷ [[ⵃⴰⴱⵉⴱ ⵜⵏⴳⵓⵔ]].]]
* Jacqueline Arnaud, ''La Littérature maghrébine de langue française'', Paris, Publisud, 1986.
* Isidro Romero, ''Kateb Yacine, écrivain public'', entretien filmé, coll. &quot;Un certain Regard&quot;, Service de la recherche de l'ORTF / INA, 1971, 54 min, couleur.
* Jean Déjeux, ''Bibliographie méthodique et critique de la littérature algérienne de langue française 1945-1977'', SNED, Alger, 1979.
* Jean Déjeux, « Hommage Kateb Yacine écrivain de l'Algérie profonde », ''Hommes et Migrations'', nᵒ 1127, 1989, pp. 57-60. [https://www.persee.fr/doc/homig_1142-852x_1989_num_1127_1_1387 Lire en ligne].
* Jean Déjeux, ''Dictionnaire des auteurs maghrébins de langue française'', Paris, Éditions Karthala, 1984 (ISBN 2-86537-085-2).
* ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'' [avec une bibliographie détaillée de Jacqueline Arnaud], Kalim nᵒ 7, Alger, Office des Publications Universitaires, 1987, 264 p.
* Hassima Ould Amar, ''L’Exil dans « Le Polygone Étoilé » De KATEB Yacine'', mémoire de magister, Université Hadj Lakhdar.
* Ghania Khelifi, ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats et poèmes'', [chronologie et très nombreux documents], Alger, Enag Éditions, 1990, 136 p.
* Naget Khadda, ''Kateb Yacine - Une vie, Une œuvre'', Casablanca, Centre Culturel du Livre Édition/Distribution, 2020, 128 p.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Actes du colloque international de l'Université d'Alger en 1990, Alger, OPU, 1991.
* ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats de mémoire'', documents réunis par Olivier Corpet, Albert Dichy et Mireille Djaider, Éditions de l'IMEC, 1994, 80 p. (ISBN 2908295202).
* Joseph Le Coq, ''Kateb Yacine, le rebelle amoureux'', CBA, 1989.
* Saïd Tamba, ''Kateb Yacine'', coll. Poètes d'Aujourd'hui, Seghers, Paris, 1992.
* ''Anthologie de la littérature algérienne (1950-1987)'', introduction, choix, notices et commentaires de Charles Bonn, Le Livre de Poche, Paris, 1990 (ISBN 2-253-05309-0).
* Beïda Chikhi, ''L'Édifice métaphorique katébien'', dans ''Littérature algérienne, désir d'histoire et esthétique'', Paris, L'Harmattan, 1997.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Rue d'Alger, 1978.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵎⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷⴳ [[ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ]], ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵏⵖ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⵅⵎ]]]]
* Stéphane Gatti, ''Kateb Yacine, poète en trois langues'', documentaire, France, 2001. Production, La Parole errante.
* Sarah Baron, Swann Dubus, ''Le Cadavre encerclé de Kateb Yacine lu par Armand Gatti'', captation vidéo, France, 2003. Production: le Volcan/scène nationale du Havre. © La Parole errante.
* Benamar Mediene, ''Kateb Yacine, le cœur entre les dents'', Robert Laffont, Paris, 2006 (Préface de Gilles Perrault).
* Olivier Neveux, ''Théâtres en lutte. Le théâtre militant en France des années 1960 à aujourd'hui'', Paris, La Découverte, 2007.
* Beïda Chikhi et Anne Douaire-Banny, ''Kateb Yacine au cœur d'une histoire polygonale'', Rennes, PUR, 2014.
* Patrick Autréaux, « Kateb Yacine, la révolution dans la révolution », dans ''Les Lettres françaises'', nᵒ 169, 2019.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Collection « Classiques du monde », présentation Ismaël Abdoun, Fernand Nathan, Paris / SNED, Alger, 1986.
* ''Awal'', nᵒ 9, ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'', 1992.
== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⴹⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ |ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ |ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
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'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine family, Souk Ahras 1940s.jpg|thumb|left|184x184px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴳ [[1940]]]]
ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⵓⴷⵔⵜ ==
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴳ 25 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 1929 (ⵏⵖ ⴳ 2 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ) ⴳ ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ, ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ [[ⴰⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ|ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ]]. ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵡⵉⵜ]] &lt;ref&gt;Document généalogique familial indiquant l’origine de la famille Kateb à Bir Bou Haouch, wilaya de Souk Ahras (voir arbre généalogique conservé par la famille, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur dna.fr. »(Archive.org • Wikiwix • Que faire ?).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur tamusni.tripod.com. », sur tripod.com via Internet Archive.&lt;/ref&gt; - ⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵙ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵢⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, Nedjma (lire en ligne [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ])&lt;/ref&gt; -, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵉⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴼⴰⵀⵍⵉ, ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵃⵎⵎⴰⵎ ⵏⴱⴰⵢⵍ (ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴳⴰⵍⵎⴰ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵜⵉⵢⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴱⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵓⵜ) &lt;ref&gt;La tribu des Beni Keblout fut l’objet de la part de l’armée française en 1852, notamment après la découverte des corps d’un couple français gisant dans une grotte, à Aïn Ghrour, pénates de la tribu. Cette tribu a une place centrale dans Nedjma.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, [[ⵚⴰⵍⵃ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵍⵇⴰⵙⵎ]], ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1874, ⵉⵎⴰ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ &quot;[[ⴱⴰⵛ ⵄⴷⵍ]]&quot; (ⴰⵏⴱⴹⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⴱⴹⵓ) ⴳ ⴽⵓⵏⴷⵉ ⵙⵎⵏⴷⵓ (ⵖⵔⵉⵖⵓⵔ ⵡⴰⵙⴰ). ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵜⵜⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ. ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵓⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ (ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⴽ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ &quot;ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴰⴷⵉⴱ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]) ⴳ 1934 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⵙⴷⵕⵡⴰⵜ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1935 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ ⴳ ⵍⴰⴼⴰⵢⵉⵜ (ⴱⵓⵇⴰⵄⴰ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ, ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵟⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵔⵓⵅⵅⴰ), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵣⴷⵖ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ 1941, ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵙⵟⵉⴼ]]: ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴱⵉⵕⵟⵉⵏⵉ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴽⵔⵡⴰⵏⵉ]] ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ.
== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ==
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵓⵎⵉ ⵏⴽⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ [[1945]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵓⵍⵜⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵉⵍⵉⵛⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Kateb Yacine, le poète errant (1929-1989) [archive] », sur France Culture, 31 juillet 2016&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵔⴰⴼ ⵉ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ. ⴷ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵍⵓⵍ ⵜⴳⵯⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ «ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵚⵉⴹ» &lt;ref&gt;« Je suis né d'une mère folle très géniale. Elle était généreuse, simple, et des perles coulaient de ses lèvres. Je les ai recueillies sans savoir leur valeur. Après le massacre (8 mai 1945), je l'ai vue devenir folle. Elle, la source de tout. Elle se jetait dans le feu, partout où il y avait du feu. Ses jambes, ses bras, sa tête, n'étaient que brûlures. J'ai vécu ça, et je me suis lancé tout droit dans la folie d'un amour, impossible pour une cousine déjà mariée. »
— Kateb Yacine dans Ghania Khelifi, 1990, p. 13&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: «ⵀⴰⵜ ⵍⵓⵍⵖ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵉⵏⵓ, ⴳ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1945. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵉⵏⵓ ⵕⵥⵎⵏⵜ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴽⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⴷ ⵎⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵔⵡⵍⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⵜⵍ, ⵎⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵉ, ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵃⴰⵏⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵉⵥⵕ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ. ⵉⵎⵎⴰ, ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵉⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⵜⵣⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵍⴰⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ» &lt;ref&gt;Benamar Médiène, Kateb Yacine : le coeur entre les dents : biographie hétérodoxe, R. Laffont, 2006 (ISBN 2-221-10733-0 et 978-2-221-10733-1, OCLC 72758351, lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:KatebYacinePassport.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|[[ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ|ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴱⵓⵔ/ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ]] ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ.]]
ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ - ⴷ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵉⵀⵔⵛⵏ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴹ  ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ [[ⴱⵓⴷⵍⵉⵔ]] ⴷ [[ⵍⵓⵜⵔⵢⴰⵎⵓⵏ]] - ⵢⵓⵣⵏ ⵜ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵖⵔ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⴱⵓⵏⴰ (ⵄⵏⵏⴰⴱⴰ)|ⴱⵓⵏⴰ]] (ⵄⵏⵏⴰⴱⴰ). ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ&quot; (ⵜⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ), «ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵄⵎⵎⵜⵉⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⴰⵀⵍⵏ», ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⵔ «ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ», ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴳ 1946 ⵜⴰⴷⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ.

ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⴰⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ|ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ]], [[ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ]] ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ.

== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ==
ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ [[ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ]], «ⴳ ⵢⵉⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵛⵛⵏ». ⴷ ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵏ [[ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ]], ⴳ ⵜⵣⵇⵇⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵖⴼ [[ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵔ|ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵔ]] &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, « Abdelkader et l'indépendance algérienne [archive] », sur altair.imarabe.org (consulté le 17 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵙ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵏⵊⵎⴰⵡ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ. ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵟⵕⵓⴱⵓⵍⵉⵜ, ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵊⵏⵡⵉ&quot; («ⴰⵔⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ») ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⵓ ⵎⵉⵔⴽⵓⵕ ⴷⵓ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙ&quot; (Le Mercure de France). ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⴳⵔ 1949 ⴷ 1951, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴰⵄⵓⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵙⵙⵓⴷⴰⵏ (ⵍⵅⵕⵟⵓⵎ). ⴷ ⵡⴰⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴷⵡⵍ, ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⵙ ⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ, ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵉⵏⵜⵍⵏ &quot;ⵙⴰⵄⵉⴷ ⵍⴰⵎⵔⵉ&quot;, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵏⴽⴽⴹ «ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴰⵢ» ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷⴰ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵥⵕⵏ ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⴽⴽⴰ|ⵎⴽⴽⴰ]].
ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴳ 1950, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⴳ 1952. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴰⵔ 1959, ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵎⴰⵍⴽ ⵃⴷⴷⴰⴷ]], ⴷ ⵜⴷⵓⵙ ⵜⵣⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⵅⵎ]], ⴷ [[ⵓⵕⵎⴰⵏ ⴳⴰⵜⵉ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1954, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⴱⵉⵕⵜⵓⵍⵜ ⴱⵔⵉⵛⵜ]]. ⴷ ⴳ 1954, ⵜⴼⵙⵔ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵉⵙⴱⵔⵉ&quot; ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ «ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵇⵇⴰⵏⵏ» ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ [[ⵊⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵉⵕⵓ]], ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ.
ⵉⴼⴼⵖ ⴷ ⵡⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ&quot; ⴳ 1956 (ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⴽⵜⵉ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵖⴼⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵖⵔⵉ: «ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⴽⵔⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⴰ ⵎⴰⵏ. ⴷⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵖⵓⵔⵓⵏ ⵓⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ, ⵎⴰⵖ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵎ?»). ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ, ⴷ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵜⴹⴼⵕⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ, ⵉⴷⴷⵔ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ, ⴰⵏⴱⴳⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⴳ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]], [[ⴱⵍⵊⵉⴽⴰ|ⴱⵉⵍⵊⵉⴽⴰ]], [[ⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ]], [[ⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏ]], [[ⵢⵓⴳⵓⵙⵍⴰⴼⵢⴰ]], ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ|ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ]].

== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ==
* ''Les Fruits de la colère'', préface à Aît Djaffar, ''Complainte de la petite Yasmina''
* ''Les mille et une nuit de la révolution'', préface à Abdelhamid Benzine, ''La Plaine et la montagne''
* ''Les Ancêtres redoublent de férocité'', préface à Tassadit Yacine, &quot;[[Lounis Ait Menguellet]] chante…&quot;, textes berbères et français, Paris, La Découverte, 1989; Alger Bouchène/Awal, 1990 [dernier texte de Kateb Yacine, adressé à Tassadit Yacine le 29 septembre 1989, un mois avant sa mort]. 
* Kateb Yacine a également écrit plusieurs préfaces pour ses amis peintres, M'hamed Issiakhem (''Œil-de-lynx et les américains, trente-cinq années de l'enfer d'un peintre'') et [[Mohammed Khadda]].
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine, Pierre Bernard, et Habib Tengour.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ [[ⴱⵢⵉⵔ ⴱⵉⵔⵏⴰⵔⴷ]] ⴷ [[ⵃⴰⴱⵉⴱ ⵜⵏⴳⵓⵔ]].]]
* Jacqueline Arnaud, ''La Littérature maghrébine de langue française'', Paris, Publisud, 1986.
* Isidro Romero, ''Kateb Yacine, écrivain public'', entretien filmé, coll. &quot;Un certain Regard&quot;, Service de la recherche de l'ORTF / INA, 1971, 54 min, couleur.
* Jean Déjeux, ''Bibliographie méthodique et critique de la littérature algérienne de langue française 1945-1977'', SNED, Alger, 1979.
* Jean Déjeux, « Hommage Kateb Yacine écrivain de l'Algérie profonde », ''Hommes et Migrations'', nᵒ 1127, 1989, pp. 57-60. [https://www.persee.fr/doc/homig_1142-852x_1989_num_1127_1_1387 Lire en ligne].
* Jean Déjeux, ''Dictionnaire des auteurs maghrébins de langue française'', Paris, Éditions Karthala, 1984 (ISBN 2-86537-085-2).
* ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'' [avec une bibliographie détaillée de Jacqueline Arnaud], Kalim nᵒ 7, Alger, Office des Publications Universitaires, 1987, 264 p.
* Hassima Ould Amar, ''L’Exil dans « Le Polygone Étoilé » De KATEB Yacine'', mémoire de magister, Université Hadj Lakhdar.
* Ghania Khelifi, ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats et poèmes'', [chronologie et très nombreux documents], Alger, Enag Éditions, 1990, 136 p.
* Naget Khadda, ''Kateb Yacine - Une vie, Une œuvre'', Casablanca, Centre Culturel du Livre Édition/Distribution, 2020, 128 p.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Actes du colloque international de l'Université d'Alger en 1990, Alger, OPU, 1991.
* ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats de mémoire'', documents réunis par Olivier Corpet, Albert Dichy et Mireille Djaider, Éditions de l'IMEC, 1994, 80 p. (ISBN 2908295202).
* Joseph Le Coq, ''Kateb Yacine, le rebelle amoureux'', CBA, 1989.
* Saïd Tamba, ''Kateb Yacine'', coll. Poètes d'Aujourd'hui, Seghers, Paris, 1992.
* ''Anthologie de la littérature algérienne (1950-1987)'', introduction, choix, notices et commentaires de Charles Bonn, Le Livre de Poche, Paris, 1990 (ISBN 2-253-05309-0).
* Beïda Chikhi, ''L'Édifice métaphorique katébien'', dans ''Littérature algérienne, désir d'histoire et esthétique'', Paris, L'Harmattan, 1997.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Rue d'Alger, 1978.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵎⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷⴳ [[ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ]], ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵏⵖ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⵅⵎ]]]]
* Stéphane Gatti, ''Kateb Yacine, poète en trois langues'', documentaire, France, 2001. Production, La Parole errante.
* Sarah Baron, Swann Dubus, ''Le Cadavre encerclé de Kateb Yacine lu par Armand Gatti'', captation vidéo, France, 2003. Production: le Volcan/scène nationale du Havre. © La Parole errante.
* Benamar Mediene, ''Kateb Yacine, le cœur entre les dents'', Robert Laffont, Paris, 2006 (Préface de Gilles Perrault).
* Olivier Neveux, ''Théâtres en lutte. Le théâtre militant en France des années 1960 à aujourd'hui'', Paris, La Découverte, 2007.
* Beïda Chikhi et Anne Douaire-Banny, ''Kateb Yacine au cœur d'une histoire polygonale'', Rennes, PUR, 2014.
* Patrick Autréaux, « Kateb Yacine, la révolution dans la révolution », dans ''Les Lettres françaises'', nᵒ 169, 2019.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Collection « Classiques du monde », présentation Ismaël Abdoun, Fernand Nathan, Paris / SNED, Alger, 1986.
* ''Awal'', nᵒ 9, ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'', 1992.
== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
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{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ |ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ |ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
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      <text bytes="20154" sha1="bpd00krp7wzk4s89sm2ke1w5gxi3alc" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine family, Souk Ahras 1940s.jpg|thumb|left|184x184px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴳ [[1940]]]]
ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⵓⴷⵔⵜ ==
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴳ 25 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 1929 (ⵏⵖ ⴳ 2 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ) ⴳ ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ, ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ [[ⴰⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ|ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ]]. ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵡⵉⵜ]] &lt;ref&gt;Document généalogique familial indiquant l’origine de la famille Kateb à Bir Bou Haouch, wilaya de Souk Ahras (voir arbre généalogique conservé par la famille, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur dna.fr. »(Archive.org • Wikiwix • Que faire ?).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur tamusni.tripod.com. », sur tripod.com via Internet Archive.&lt;/ref&gt; - ⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵙ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵢⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, Nedjma (lire en ligne [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ])&lt;/ref&gt; -, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵉⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴼⴰⵀⵍⵉ, ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵃⵎⵎⴰⵎ ⵏⴱⴰⵢⵍ (ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴳⴰⵍⵎⴰ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵜⵉⵢⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴱⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵓⵜ) &lt;ref&gt;La tribu des Beni Keblout fut l’objet de la part de l’armée française en 1852, notamment après la découverte des corps d’un couple français gisant dans une grotte, à Aïn Ghrour, pénates de la tribu. Cette tribu a une place centrale dans Nedjma.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, [[ⵚⴰⵍⵃ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵍⵇⴰⵙⵎ]], ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1874, ⵉⵎⴰ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ &quot;[[ⴱⴰⵛ ⵄⴷⵍ]]&quot; (ⴰⵏⴱⴹⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⴱⴹⵓ) ⴳ ⴽⵓⵏⴷⵉ ⵙⵎⵏⴷⵓ (ⵖⵔⵉⵖⵓⵔ ⵡⴰⵙⴰ). ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵜⵜⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ. ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵓⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ (ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⴽ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ &quot;ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴰⴷⵉⴱ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]) ⴳ 1934 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⵙⴷⵕⵡⴰⵜ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1935 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ ⴳ ⵍⴰⴼⴰⵢⵉⵜ (ⴱⵓⵇⴰⵄⴰ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ, ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵟⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵔⵓⵅⵅⴰ), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵣⴷⵖ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ 1941, ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵙⵟⵉⴼ]]: ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴱⵉⵕⵟⵉⵏⵉ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴽⵔⵡⴰⵏⵉ]] ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ.
== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ==
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵓⵎⵉ ⵏⴽⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ [[1945]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵓⵍⵜⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵉⵍⵉⵛⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Kateb Yacine, le poète errant (1929-1989) [archive] », sur France Culture, 31 juillet 2016&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵔⴰⴼ ⵉ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ. ⴷ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵍⵓⵍ ⵜⴳⵯⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ «ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵚⵉⴹ» &lt;ref&gt;« Je suis né d'une mère folle très géniale. Elle était généreuse, simple, et des perles coulaient de ses lèvres. Je les ai recueillies sans savoir leur valeur. Après le massacre (8 mai 1945), je l'ai vue devenir folle. Elle, la source de tout. Elle se jetait dans le feu, partout où il y avait du feu. Ses jambes, ses bras, sa tête, n'étaient que brûlures. J'ai vécu ça, et je me suis lancé tout droit dans la folie d'un amour, impossible pour une cousine déjà mariée. »
— Kateb Yacine dans Ghania Khelifi, 1990, p. 13&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: «ⵀⴰⵜ ⵍⵓⵍⵖ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵉⵏⵓ, ⴳ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1945. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵉⵏⵓ ⵕⵥⵎⵏⵜ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴽⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⴷ ⵎⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵔⵡⵍⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⵜⵍ, ⵎⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵉ, ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵃⴰⵏⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵉⵥⵕ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ. ⵉⵎⵎⴰ, ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵉⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⵜⵣⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵍⴰⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ» &lt;ref&gt;Benamar Médiène, Kateb Yacine : le coeur entre les dents : biographie hétérodoxe, R. Laffont, 2006 (ISBN 2-221-10733-0 et 978-2-221-10733-1, OCLC 72758351, lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:KatebYacinePassport.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|[[ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ|ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴱⵓⵔ/ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ]] ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ.]]
ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ - ⴷ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵉⵀⵔⵛⵏ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴹ  ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ [[ⴱⵓⴷⵍⵉⵔ]] ⴷ [[ⵍⵓⵜⵔⵢⴰⵎⵓⵏ]] - ⵢⵓⵣⵏ ⵜ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵖⵔ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⴱⵓⵏⴰ (ⵄⵏⵏⴰⴱⴰ)|ⴱⵓⵏⴰ]] (ⵄⵏⵏⴰⴱⴰ). ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ&quot; (ⵜⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ), «ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵄⵎⵎⵜⵉⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⴰⵀⵍⵏ», ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⵔ «ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ», ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴳ 1946 ⵜⴰⴷⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ.

ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⴰⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ|ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ]], [[ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ]] ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ.

== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ==
ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ [[ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ]], «ⴳ ⵢⵉⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵛⵛⵏ». ⴷ ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵏ [[ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ]], ⴳ ⵜⵣⵇⵇⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵖⴼ [[ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵔ|ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵔ]] &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, « Abdelkader et l'indépendance algérienne [archive] », sur altair.imarabe.org (consulté le 17 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵙ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵏⵊⵎⴰⵡ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ. ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵟⵕⵓⴱⵓⵍⵉⵜ, ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵊⵏⵡⵉ&quot; («ⴰⵔⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ») ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⵓ ⵎⵉⵔⴽⵓⵕ ⴷⵓ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙ&quot; (Le Mercure de France). ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⴳⵔ 1949 ⴷ 1951, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴰⵄⵓⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵙⵙⵓⴷⴰⵏ (ⵍⵅⵕⵟⵓⵎ). ⴷ ⵡⴰⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴷⵡⵍ, ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⵙ ⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ, ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵉⵏⵜⵍⵏ &quot;ⵙⴰⵄⵉⴷ ⵍⴰⵎⵔⵉ&quot;, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵏⴽⴽⴹ «ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴰⵢ» ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷⴰ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵥⵕⵏ ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⴽⴽⴰ|ⵎⴽⴽⴰ]].
ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴳ 1950, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⴳ 1952. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴰⵔ 1959, ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵎⴰⵍⴽ ⵃⴷⴷⴰⴷ]], ⴷ ⵜⴷⵓⵙ ⵜⵣⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⵅⵎ]], ⴷ [[ⵓⵕⵎⴰⵏ ⴳⴰⵜⵉ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1954, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⴱⵉⵕⵜⵓⵍⵜ ⴱⵔⵉⵛⵜ]]. ⴷ ⴳ 1954, ⵜⴼⵙⵔ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵉⵙⴱⵔⵉ&quot; ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ «ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵇⵇⴰⵏⵏ» ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ [[ⵊⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵉⵕⵓ]], ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ.
ⵉⴼⴼⵖ ⴷ ⵡⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ&quot; ⴳ 1956 (ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⴽⵜⵉ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵖⴼⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵖⵔⵉ: «ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⴽⵔⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⴰ ⵎⴰⵏ. ⴷⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵖⵓⵔⵓⵏ ⵓⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ, ⵎⴰⵖ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵎ?»). ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ, ⴷ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵜⴹⴼⵕⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ, ⵉⴷⴷⵔ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ, ⴰⵏⴱⴳⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⴳ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]], [[ⴱⵍⵊⵉⴽⴰ|ⴱⵉⵍⵊⵉⴽⴰ]], [[ⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ]], [[ⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏ]], [[ⵢⵓⴳⵓⵙⵍⴰⴼⵢⴰ]], ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ|ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ]].
ⴳ 1962, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴳ ⵇⴰⵀⵉⵔⴰ, ⵢⵓⴹⴰ ⴷ ⴽⴰⵜⵉⴱ ⵖⵔ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴳⵔ 1963 ⴷ 1967 ⵉⵔⵣⴰⴼⵏ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵜⴰⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵢⴰⵔⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⴳⵔ 1954 ⴷ 1959 &lt;ref&gt;(en) Sbouai, Taïeb (1949-....). Auteur du texte, « &quot;La femme sauvage&quot; de Kateb Yacine : essai de lecture active suivi d'inédits / Taïeb Sbouaï ; préface de Kateb Yacine » [archive du 8 juin 2025], sur Gallica, 1985 (consulté le 27 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴳ 1963. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵙⵙⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;POIROT-DELPECH, « &quot; Les ancêtres redoublent de férocité&quot;, DE KATEB YACINE &quot; La Grande Imprécation devant les murs de la ville &quot; DE TANKRED DORST », Le Monde,‎ 28 janvier 1967 (ISSN 1950-6244, lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 27 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵏⵖⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵙⵜ&quot; ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴳ 1967 (ⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⵜ ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴳ 1969). ⴷ ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴳ 1964 ⴳ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵖⴼ &quot;ⴰⵢⵜⵎⴰⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵖ ⵉⵀⵉⵏⴷⵉⵢⵏ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Publié en 1964, Nos frères les Indiens témoigne de l’élargissement des préoccupations de l’auteur à l’ensemble des opprimés du monde et de l’histoire.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵎⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵊⵓⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⴽ&quot; ⴰⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵊⴰⵏ ⴱⵓⵍ ⵚⴰⵕⵟⵕ|ⵊⴰⵏ ⴱⵓⵍ ⵙⴰⵕⵜⵕ]], ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵓⴹⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ ⴳ [[ⵍⴱⵍⵉⴷⴰ]] («ⵜⴰⵊⴷⴷⵉⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴱⵍⵉⴷⴰ», ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉⵜ&quot;, ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1965). ⴷ ⴳ 1967, ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵖⵔ [[ⴼⵢⵉⵜⵏⴰⵎ|ⴼⵉⵜⵏⴰⵎ]], ⴷ ⵉⴼⵍ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵕⵥⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⴰⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⵙⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵓⵖⵍ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⴳ [[1970]].

== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ==
* ''Les Fruits de la colère'', préface à Aît Djaffar, ''Complainte de la petite Yasmina''
* ''Les mille et une nuit de la révolution'', préface à Abdelhamid Benzine, ''La Plaine et la montagne''
* ''Les Ancêtres redoublent de férocité'', préface à Tassadit Yacine, &quot;[[Lounis Ait Menguellet]] chante…&quot;, textes berbères et français, Paris, La Découverte, 1989; Alger Bouchène/Awal, 1990 [dernier texte de Kateb Yacine, adressé à Tassadit Yacine le 29 septembre 1989, un mois avant sa mort]. 
* Kateb Yacine a également écrit plusieurs préfaces pour ses amis peintres, M'hamed Issiakhem (''Œil-de-lynx et les américains, trente-cinq années de l'enfer d'un peintre'') et [[Mohammed Khadda]].
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine, Pierre Bernard, et Habib Tengour.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ [[ⴱⵢⵉⵔ ⴱⵉⵔⵏⴰⵔⴷ]] ⴷ [[ⵃⴰⴱⵉⴱ ⵜⵏⴳⵓⵔ]].]]
* Jacqueline Arnaud, ''La Littérature maghrébine de langue française'', Paris, Publisud, 1986.
* Isidro Romero, ''Kateb Yacine, écrivain public'', entretien filmé, coll. &quot;Un certain Regard&quot;, Service de la recherche de l'ORTF / INA, 1971, 54 min, couleur.
* Jean Déjeux, ''Bibliographie méthodique et critique de la littérature algérienne de langue française 1945-1977'', SNED, Alger, 1979.
* Jean Déjeux, « Hommage Kateb Yacine écrivain de l'Algérie profonde », ''Hommes et Migrations'', nᵒ 1127, 1989, pp. 57-60. [https://www.persee.fr/doc/homig_1142-852x_1989_num_1127_1_1387 Lire en ligne].
* Jean Déjeux, ''Dictionnaire des auteurs maghrébins de langue française'', Paris, Éditions Karthala, 1984 (ISBN 2-86537-085-2).
* ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'' [avec une bibliographie détaillée de Jacqueline Arnaud], Kalim nᵒ 7, Alger, Office des Publications Universitaires, 1987, 264 p.
* Hassima Ould Amar, ''L’Exil dans « Le Polygone Étoilé » De KATEB Yacine'', mémoire de magister, Université Hadj Lakhdar.
* Ghania Khelifi, ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats et poèmes'', [chronologie et très nombreux documents], Alger, Enag Éditions, 1990, 136 p.
* Naget Khadda, ''Kateb Yacine - Une vie, Une œuvre'', Casablanca, Centre Culturel du Livre Édition/Distribution, 2020, 128 p.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Actes du colloque international de l'Université d'Alger en 1990, Alger, OPU, 1991.
* ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats de mémoire'', documents réunis par Olivier Corpet, Albert Dichy et Mireille Djaider, Éditions de l'IMEC, 1994, 80 p. (ISBN 2908295202).
* Joseph Le Coq, ''Kateb Yacine, le rebelle amoureux'', CBA, 1989.
* Saïd Tamba, ''Kateb Yacine'', coll. Poètes d'Aujourd'hui, Seghers, Paris, 1992.
* ''Anthologie de la littérature algérienne (1950-1987)'', introduction, choix, notices et commentaires de Charles Bonn, Le Livre de Poche, Paris, 1990 (ISBN 2-253-05309-0).
* Beïda Chikhi, ''L'Édifice métaphorique katébien'', dans ''Littérature algérienne, désir d'histoire et esthétique'', Paris, L'Harmattan, 1997.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Rue d'Alger, 1978.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵎⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷⴳ [[ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ]], ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵏⵖ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⵅⵎ]]]]
* Stéphane Gatti, ''Kateb Yacine, poète en trois langues'', documentaire, France, 2001. Production, La Parole errante.
* Sarah Baron, Swann Dubus, ''Le Cadavre encerclé de Kateb Yacine lu par Armand Gatti'', captation vidéo, France, 2003. Production: le Volcan/scène nationale du Havre. © La Parole errante.
* Benamar Mediene, ''Kateb Yacine, le cœur entre les dents'', Robert Laffont, Paris, 2006 (Préface de Gilles Perrault).
* Olivier Neveux, ''Théâtres en lutte. Le théâtre militant en France des années 1960 à aujourd'hui'', Paris, La Découverte, 2007.
* Beïda Chikhi et Anne Douaire-Banny, ''Kateb Yacine au cœur d'une histoire polygonale'', Rennes, PUR, 2014.
* Patrick Autréaux, « Kateb Yacine, la révolution dans la révolution », dans ''Les Lettres françaises'', nᵒ 169, 2019.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Collection « Classiques du monde », présentation Ismaël Abdoun, Fernand Nathan, Paris / SNED, Alger, 1986.
* ''Awal'', nᵒ 9, ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'', 1992.
== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⴹⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ |ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ |ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
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      <text bytes="20157" sha1="h653kkkgn4vj8ib8ohuqzxozbgbf1hy" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine family, Souk Ahras 1940s.jpg|thumb|left|184x184px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴳ [[1940]]]]
ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⵓⴷⵔⵜ ==
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴳ 25 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 1929 (ⵏⵖ ⴳ 2 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ) ⴳ ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ, ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ [[ⴰⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ|ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ]]. ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵡⵉⵜ]] &lt;ref&gt;Document généalogique familial indiquant l’origine de la famille Kateb à Bir Bou Haouch, wilaya de Souk Ahras (voir arbre généalogique conservé par la famille, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur dna.fr. »(Archive.org • Wikiwix • Que faire ?).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur tamusni.tripod.com. », sur tripod.com via Internet Archive.&lt;/ref&gt; - ⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵙ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵢⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, Nedjma (lire en ligne [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ])&lt;/ref&gt; -, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵉⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴼⴰⵀⵍⵉ, ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵃⵎⵎⴰⵎ ⵏⴱⴰⵢⵍ (ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴳⴰⵍⵎⴰ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵜⵉⵢⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴱⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵓⵜ) &lt;ref&gt;La tribu des Beni Keblout fut l’objet de la part de l’armée française en 1852, notamment après la découverte des corps d’un couple français gisant dans une grotte, à Aïn Ghrour, pénates de la tribu. Cette tribu a une place centrale dans Nedjma.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, [[ⵚⴰⵍⵃ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵍⵇⴰⵙⵎ]], ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1874, ⵉⵎⴰ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ &quot;[[ⴱⴰⵛ ⵄⴷⵍ]]&quot; (ⴰⵏⴱⴹⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⴱⴹⵓ) ⴳ ⴽⵓⵏⴷⵉ ⵙⵎⵏⴷⵓ (ⵖⵔⵉⵖⵓⵔ ⵡⴰⵙⴰ). ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵜⵜⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ. ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵓⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ (ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⴽ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ &quot;ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴰⴷⵉⴱ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]) ⴳ 1934 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⵙⴷⵕⵡⴰⵜ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1935 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ ⴳ ⵍⴰⴼⴰⵢⵉⵜ (ⴱⵓⵇⴰⵄⴰ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ, ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵟⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵔⵓⵅⵅⴰ), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵣⴷⵖ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ 1941, ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵙⵟⵉⴼ]]: ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴱⵉⵕⵟⵉⵏⵉ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴽⵔⵡⴰⵏⵉ]] ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ.
== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ==
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵓⵎⵉ ⵏⴽⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ [[1945]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵓⵍⵜⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵉⵍⵉⵛⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Kateb Yacine, le poète errant (1929-1989) [archive] », sur France Culture, 31 juillet 2016&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵔⴰⴼ ⵉ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ. ⴷ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵍⵓⵍ ⵜⴳⵯⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ «ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵚⵉⴹ» &lt;ref&gt;« Je suis né d'une mère folle très géniale. Elle était généreuse, simple, et des perles coulaient de ses lèvres. Je les ai recueillies sans savoir leur valeur. Après le massacre (8 mai 1945), je l'ai vue devenir folle. Elle, la source de tout. Elle se jetait dans le feu, partout où il y avait du feu. Ses jambes, ses bras, sa tête, n'étaient que brûlures. J'ai vécu ça, et je me suis lancé tout droit dans la folie d'un amour, impossible pour une cousine déjà mariée. »
— Kateb Yacine dans Ghania Khelifi, 1990, p. 13&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: «ⵀⴰⵜ ⵍⵓⵍⵖ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵉⵏⵓ, ⴳ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1945. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵉⵏⵓ ⵕⵥⵎⵏⵜ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴽⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⴷ ⵎⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵔⵡⵍⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⵜⵍ, ⵎⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵉ, ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵃⴰⵏⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵉⵥⵕ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ. ⵉⵎⵎⴰ, ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵉⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⵜⵣⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵍⴰⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ» &lt;ref&gt;Benamar Médiène, Kateb Yacine : le coeur entre les dents : biographie hétérodoxe, R. Laffont, 2006 (ISBN 2-221-10733-0 et 978-2-221-10733-1, OCLC 72758351, lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:KatebYacinePassport.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|[[ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ|ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴱⵓⵔ/ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ]] ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ.]]
ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ - ⴷ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵉⵀⵔⵛⵏ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴹ  ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ [[ⴱⵓⴷⵍⵉⵔ]] ⴷ [[ⵍⵓⵜⵔⵢⴰⵎⵓⵏ]] - ⵢⵓⵣⵏ ⵜ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵖⵔ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⴱⵓⵏⴰ (ⵄⵏⵏⴰⴱⴰ)|ⴱⵓⵏⴰ]] (ⵄⵏⵏⴰⴱⴰ). ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ&quot; (ⵜⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ), «ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵄⵎⵎⵜⵉⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⴰⵀⵍⵏ», ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⵔ «ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ», ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴳ 1946 ⵜⴰⴷⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ.

ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⴰⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ|ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ]], [[ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ]] ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ.

== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ==
ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ [[ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ]], «ⴳ ⵢⵉⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵛⵛⵏ». ⴷ ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵏ [[ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ]], ⴳ ⵜⵣⵇⵇⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵖⴼ [[ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵔ|ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵔ]] &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, « Abdelkader et l'indépendance algérienne [archive] », sur altair.imarabe.org (consulté le 17 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵙ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵏⵊⵎⴰⵡ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ. ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵟⵕⵓⴱⵓⵍⵉⵜ, ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵊⵏⵡⵉ&quot; («ⴰⵔⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ») ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⵓ ⵎⵉⵔⴽⵓⵕ ⴷⵓ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙ&quot; (Le Mercure de France). ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⴳⵔ 1949 ⴷ 1951, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴰⵄⵓⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵙⵙⵓⴷⴰⵏ (ⵍⵅⵕⵟⵓⵎ). ⴷ ⵡⴰⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴷⵡⵍ, ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⵙ ⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ, ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵉⵏⵜⵍⵏ &quot;ⵙⴰⵄⵉⴷ ⵍⴰⵎⵔⵉ&quot;, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵏⴽⴽⴹ «ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴰⵢ» ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷⴰ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵥⵕⵏ ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⴽⴽⴰ|ⵎⴽⴽⴰ]].

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴳ 1950, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⴳ 1952. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴰⵔ 1959, ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵎⴰⵍⴽ ⵃⴷⴷⴰⴷ]], ⴷ ⵜⴷⵓⵙ ⵜⵣⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⵅⵎ]], ⴷ [[ⵓⵕⵎⴰⵏ ⴳⴰⵜⵉ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1954, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⴱⵉⵕⵜⵓⵍⵜ ⴱⵔⵉⵛⵜ]]. ⴷ ⴳ 1954, ⵜⴼⵙⵔ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵉⵙⴱⵔⵉ&quot; ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ «ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵇⵇⴰⵏⵏ» ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ [[ⵊⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵉⵕⵓ]], ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ.

ⵉⴼⴼⵖ ⴷ ⵡⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ&quot; ⴳ 1956 (ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⴽⵜⵉ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵖⴼⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵖⵔⵉ: «ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⴽⵔⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⴰ ⵎⴰⵏ. ⴷⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵖⵓⵔⵓⵏ ⵓⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ, ⵎⴰⵖ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵎ?»). ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ, ⴷ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵜⴹⴼⵕⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ, ⵉⴷⴷⵔ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ, ⴰⵏⴱⴳⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⴳ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]], [[ⴱⵍⵊⵉⴽⴰ|ⴱⵉⵍⵊⵉⴽⴰ]], [[ⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ]], [[ⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏ]], [[ⵢⵓⴳⵓⵙⵍⴰⴼⵢⴰ]], ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ|ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ]].

ⴳ 1962, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴳ ⵇⴰⵀⵉⵔⴰ, ⵢⵓⴹⴰ ⴷ ⴽⴰⵜⵉⴱ ⵖⵔ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴳⵔ 1963 ⴷ 1967 ⵉⵔⵣⴰⴼⵏ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵜⴰⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵢⴰⵔⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⴳⵔ 1954 ⴷ 1959 &lt;ref&gt;(en) Sbouai, Taïeb (1949-....). Auteur du texte, « &quot;La femme sauvage&quot; de Kateb Yacine : essai de lecture active suivi d'inédits / Taïeb Sbouaï ; préface de Kateb Yacine » [archive du 8 juin 2025], sur Gallica, 1985 (consulté le 27 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴳ 1963. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵙⵙⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;POIROT-DELPECH, « &quot; Les ancêtres redoublent de férocité&quot;, DE KATEB YACINE &quot; La Grande Imprécation devant les murs de la ville &quot; DE TANKRED DORST », Le Monde,‎ 28 janvier 1967 (ISSN 1950-6244, lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 27 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵏⵖⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵙⵜ&quot; ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴳ 1967 (ⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⵜ ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴳ 1969). ⴷ ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴳ 1964 ⴳ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵖⴼ &quot;ⴰⵢⵜⵎⴰⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵖ ⵉⵀⵉⵏⴷⵉⵢⵏ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Publié en 1964, Nos frères les Indiens témoigne de l’élargissement des préoccupations de l’auteur à l’ensemble des opprimés du monde et de l’histoire.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵎⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵊⵓⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⴽ&quot; ⴰⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵊⴰⵏ ⴱⵓⵍ ⵚⴰⵕⵟⵕ|ⵊⴰⵏ ⴱⵓⵍ ⵙⴰⵕⵜⵕ]], ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵓⴹⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ ⴳ [[ⵍⴱⵍⵉⴷⴰ]] («ⵜⴰⵊⴷⴷⵉⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴱⵍⵉⴷⴰ», ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉⵜ&quot;, ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1965). ⴷ ⴳ 1967, ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵖⵔ [[ⴼⵢⵉⵜⵏⴰⵎ|ⴼⵉⵜⵏⴰⵎ]], ⴷ ⵉⴼⵍ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵕⵥⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⴰⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⵙⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵓⵖⵍ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⴳ [[1970]].

== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ==
* ''Les Fruits de la colère'', préface à Aît Djaffar, ''Complainte de la petite Yasmina''
* ''Les mille et une nuit de la révolution'', préface à Abdelhamid Benzine, ''La Plaine et la montagne''
* ''Les Ancêtres redoublent de férocité'', préface à Tassadit Yacine, &quot;[[Lounis Ait Menguellet]] chante…&quot;, textes berbères et français, Paris, La Découverte, 1989; Alger Bouchène/Awal, 1990 [dernier texte de Kateb Yacine, adressé à Tassadit Yacine le 29 septembre 1989, un mois avant sa mort]. 
* Kateb Yacine a également écrit plusieurs préfaces pour ses amis peintres, M'hamed Issiakhem (''Œil-de-lynx et les américains, trente-cinq années de l'enfer d'un peintre'') et [[Mohammed Khadda]].
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine, Pierre Bernard, et Habib Tengour.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ [[ⴱⵢⵉⵔ ⴱⵉⵔⵏⴰⵔⴷ]] ⴷ [[ⵃⴰⴱⵉⴱ ⵜⵏⴳⵓⵔ]].]]
* Jacqueline Arnaud, ''La Littérature maghrébine de langue française'', Paris, Publisud, 1986.
* Isidro Romero, ''Kateb Yacine, écrivain public'', entretien filmé, coll. &quot;Un certain Regard&quot;, Service de la recherche de l'ORTF / INA, 1971, 54 min, couleur.
* Jean Déjeux, ''Bibliographie méthodique et critique de la littérature algérienne de langue française 1945-1977'', SNED, Alger, 1979.
* Jean Déjeux, « Hommage Kateb Yacine écrivain de l'Algérie profonde », ''Hommes et Migrations'', nᵒ 1127, 1989, pp. 57-60. [https://www.persee.fr/doc/homig_1142-852x_1989_num_1127_1_1387 Lire en ligne].
* Jean Déjeux, ''Dictionnaire des auteurs maghrébins de langue française'', Paris, Éditions Karthala, 1984 (ISBN 2-86537-085-2).
* ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'' [avec une bibliographie détaillée de Jacqueline Arnaud], Kalim nᵒ 7, Alger, Office des Publications Universitaires, 1987, 264 p.
* Hassima Ould Amar, ''L’Exil dans « Le Polygone Étoilé » De KATEB Yacine'', mémoire de magister, Université Hadj Lakhdar.
* Ghania Khelifi, ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats et poèmes'', [chronologie et très nombreux documents], Alger, Enag Éditions, 1990, 136 p.
* Naget Khadda, ''Kateb Yacine - Une vie, Une œuvre'', Casablanca, Centre Culturel du Livre Édition/Distribution, 2020, 128 p.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Actes du colloque international de l'Université d'Alger en 1990, Alger, OPU, 1991.
* ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats de mémoire'', documents réunis par Olivier Corpet, Albert Dichy et Mireille Djaider, Éditions de l'IMEC, 1994, 80 p. (ISBN 2908295202).
* Joseph Le Coq, ''Kateb Yacine, le rebelle amoureux'', CBA, 1989.
* Saïd Tamba, ''Kateb Yacine'', coll. Poètes d'Aujourd'hui, Seghers, Paris, 1992.
* ''Anthologie de la littérature algérienne (1950-1987)'', introduction, choix, notices et commentaires de Charles Bonn, Le Livre de Poche, Paris, 1990 (ISBN 2-253-05309-0).
* Beïda Chikhi, ''L'Édifice métaphorique katébien'', dans ''Littérature algérienne, désir d'histoire et esthétique'', Paris, L'Harmattan, 1997.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Rue d'Alger, 1978.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵎⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷⴳ [[ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ]], ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵏⵖ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⵅⵎ]]]]
* Stéphane Gatti, ''Kateb Yacine, poète en trois langues'', documentaire, France, 2001. Production, La Parole errante.
* Sarah Baron, Swann Dubus, ''Le Cadavre encerclé de Kateb Yacine lu par Armand Gatti'', captation vidéo, France, 2003. Production: le Volcan/scène nationale du Havre. © La Parole errante.
* Benamar Mediene, ''Kateb Yacine, le cœur entre les dents'', Robert Laffont, Paris, 2006 (Préface de Gilles Perrault).
* Olivier Neveux, ''Théâtres en lutte. Le théâtre militant en France des années 1960 à aujourd'hui'', Paris, La Découverte, 2007.
* Beïda Chikhi et Anne Douaire-Banny, ''Kateb Yacine au cœur d'une histoire polygonale'', Rennes, PUR, 2014.
* Patrick Autréaux, « Kateb Yacine, la révolution dans la révolution », dans ''Les Lettres françaises'', nᵒ 169, 2019.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Collection « Classiques du monde », présentation Ismaël Abdoun, Fernand Nathan, Paris / SNED, Alger, 1986.
* ''Awal'', nᵒ 9, ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'', 1992.
== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
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{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ |ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ |ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
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      <text bytes="24631" sha1="rzueul594hkdxim0ymvigqs48z7l9ro" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine family, Souk Ahras 1940s.jpg|thumb|left|184x184px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴳ [[1940]]]]
ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⵓⴷⵔⵜ ==
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴳ 25 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 1929 (ⵏⵖ ⴳ 2 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ) ⴳ ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ, ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ [[ⴰⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ|ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ]]. ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵡⵉⵜ]] &lt;ref&gt;Document généalogique familial indiquant l’origine de la famille Kateb à Bir Bou Haouch, wilaya de Souk Ahras (voir arbre généalogique conservé par la famille, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur dna.fr. »(Archive.org • Wikiwix • Que faire ?).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur tamusni.tripod.com. », sur tripod.com via Internet Archive.&lt;/ref&gt; - ⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵙ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵢⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, Nedjma (lire en ligne [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ])&lt;/ref&gt; -, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵉⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴼⴰⵀⵍⵉ, ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵃⵎⵎⴰⵎ ⵏⴱⴰⵢⵍ (ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴳⴰⵍⵎⴰ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵜⵉⵢⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴱⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵓⵜ) &lt;ref&gt;La tribu des Beni Keblout fut l’objet de la part de l’armée française en 1852, notamment après la découverte des corps d’un couple français gisant dans une grotte, à Aïn Ghrour, pénates de la tribu. Cette tribu a une place centrale dans Nedjma.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, [[ⵚⴰⵍⵃ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵍⵇⴰⵙⵎ]], ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1874, ⵉⵎⴰ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ &quot;[[ⴱⴰⵛ ⵄⴷⵍ]]&quot; (ⴰⵏⴱⴹⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⴱⴹⵓ) ⴳ ⴽⵓⵏⴷⵉ ⵙⵎⵏⴷⵓ (ⵖⵔⵉⵖⵓⵔ ⵡⴰⵙⴰ). ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵜⵜⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ. ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵓⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ (ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⴽ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ &quot;ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴰⴷⵉⴱ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]) ⴳ 1934 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⵙⴷⵕⵡⴰⵜ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1935 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ ⴳ ⵍⴰⴼⴰⵢⵉⵜ (ⴱⵓⵇⴰⵄⴰ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ, ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵟⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵔⵓⵅⵅⴰ), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵣⴷⵖ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ 1941, ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵙⵟⵉⴼ]]: ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴱⵉⵕⵟⵉⵏⵉ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴽⵔⵡⴰⵏⵉ]] ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ.
== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ==
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵓⵎⵉ ⵏⴽⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ [[1945]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵓⵍⵜⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵉⵍⵉⵛⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Kateb Yacine, le poète errant (1929-1989) [archive] », sur France Culture, 31 juillet 2016&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵔⴰⴼ ⵉ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ. ⴷ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵍⵓⵍ ⵜⴳⵯⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ «ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵚⵉⴹ» &lt;ref&gt;« Je suis né d'une mère folle très géniale. Elle était généreuse, simple, et des perles coulaient de ses lèvres. Je les ai recueillies sans savoir leur valeur. Après le massacre (8 mai 1945), je l'ai vue devenir folle. Elle, la source de tout. Elle se jetait dans le feu, partout où il y avait du feu. Ses jambes, ses bras, sa tête, n'étaient que brûlures. J'ai vécu ça, et je me suis lancé tout droit dans la folie d'un amour, impossible pour une cousine déjà mariée. »
— Kateb Yacine dans Ghania Khelifi, 1990, p. 13&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: «ⵀⴰⵜ ⵍⵓⵍⵖ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵉⵏⵓ, ⴳ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1945. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵉⵏⵓ ⵕⵥⵎⵏⵜ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴽⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⴷ ⵎⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵔⵡⵍⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⵜⵍ, ⵎⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵉ, ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵃⴰⵏⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵉⵥⵕ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ. ⵉⵎⵎⴰ, ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵉⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⵜⵣⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵍⴰⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ» &lt;ref&gt;Benamar Médiène, Kateb Yacine : le coeur entre les dents : biographie hétérodoxe, R. Laffont, 2006 (ISBN 2-221-10733-0 et 978-2-221-10733-1, OCLC 72758351, lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:KatebYacinePassport.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|[[ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ|ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴱⵓⵔ/ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ]] ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ.]]
ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ - ⴷ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵉⵀⵔⵛⵏ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴹ  ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ [[ⴱⵓⴷⵍⵉⵔ]] ⴷ [[ⵍⵓⵜⵔⵢⴰⵎⵓⵏ]] - ⵢⵓⵣⵏ ⵜ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵖⵔ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⴱⵓⵏⴰ (ⵄⵏⵏⴰⴱⴰ)|ⴱⵓⵏⴰ]] (ⵄⵏⵏⴰⴱⴰ). ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ&quot; (ⵜⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ), «ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵄⵎⵎⵜⵉⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⴰⵀⵍⵏ», ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⵔ «ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ», ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴳ 1946 ⵜⴰⴷⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ.

ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⴰⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ|ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ]], [[ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ]] ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ.

== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ==
ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ [[ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ]], «ⴳ ⵢⵉⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵛⵛⵏ». ⴷ ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵏ [[ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ]], ⴳ ⵜⵣⵇⵇⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵖⴼ [[ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵔ|ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵔ]] &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, « Abdelkader et l'indépendance algérienne [archive] », sur altair.imarabe.org (consulté le 17 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵙ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵏⵊⵎⴰⵡ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ. ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵟⵕⵓⴱⵓⵍⵉⵜ, ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵊⵏⵡⵉ&quot; («ⴰⵔⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ») ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⵓ ⵎⵉⵔⴽⵓⵕ ⴷⵓ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙ&quot; (Le Mercure de France). ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⴳⵔ 1949 ⴷ 1951, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴰⵄⵓⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵙⵙⵓⴷⴰⵏ (ⵍⵅⵕⵟⵓⵎ). ⴷ ⵡⴰⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴷⵡⵍ, ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⵙ ⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ, ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵉⵏⵜⵍⵏ &quot;ⵙⴰⵄⵉⴷ ⵍⴰⵎⵔⵉ&quot;, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵏⴽⴽⴹ «ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴰⵢ» ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷⴰ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵥⵕⵏ ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⴽⴽⴰ|ⵎⴽⴽⴰ]].

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴳ 1950, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⴳ 1952. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴰⵔ 1959, ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵎⴰⵍⴽ ⵃⴷⴷⴰⴷ]], ⴷ ⵜⴷⵓⵙ ⵜⵣⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⵅⵎ]], ⴷ [[ⵓⵕⵎⴰⵏ ⴳⴰⵜⵉ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1954, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⴱⵉⵕⵜⵓⵍⵜ ⴱⵔⵉⵛⵜ]]. ⴷ ⴳ 1954, ⵜⴼⵙⵔ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵉⵙⴱⵔⵉ&quot; ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ «ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵇⵇⴰⵏⵏ» ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ [[ⵊⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵉⵕⵓ]], ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ.

ⵉⴼⴼⵖ ⴷ ⵡⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ&quot; ⴳ 1956 (ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⴽⵜⵉ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵖⴼⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵖⵔⵉ: «ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⴽⵔⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⴰ ⵎⴰⵏ. ⴷⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵖⵓⵔⵓⵏ ⵓⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ, ⵎⴰⵖ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵎ?»). ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ, ⴷ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵜⴹⴼⵕⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ, ⵉⴷⴷⵔ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ, ⴰⵏⴱⴳⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⴳ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]], [[ⴱⵍⵊⵉⴽⴰ|ⴱⵉⵍⵊⵉⴽⴰ]], [[ⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ]], [[ⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏ]], [[ⵢⵓⴳⵓⵙⵍⴰⴼⵢⴰ]], ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ|ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ]].

ⴳ 1962, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴳ ⵇⴰⵀⵉⵔⴰ, ⵢⵓⴹⴰ ⴷ ⴽⴰⵜⵉⴱ ⵖⵔ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴳⵔ 1963 ⴷ 1967 ⵉⵔⵣⴰⴼⵏ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵜⴰⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵢⴰⵔⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⴳⵔ 1954 ⴷ 1959 &lt;ref&gt;(en) Sbouai, Taïeb (1949-....). Auteur du texte, « &quot;La femme sauvage&quot; de Kateb Yacine : essai de lecture active suivi d'inédits / Taïeb Sbouaï ; préface de Kateb Yacine » [archive du 8 juin 2025], sur Gallica, 1985 (consulté le 27 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴳ 1963. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵙⵙⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;POIROT-DELPECH, « &quot; Les ancêtres redoublent de férocité&quot;, DE KATEB YACINE &quot; La Grande Imprécation devant les murs de la ville &quot; DE TANKRED DORST », Le Monde,‎ 28 janvier 1967 (ISSN 1950-6244, lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 27 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵏⵖⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵙⵜ&quot; ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴳ 1967 (ⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⵜ ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴳ 1969). ⴷ ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴳ 1964 ⴳ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵖⴼ &quot;ⴰⵢⵜⵎⴰⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵖ ⵉⵀⵉⵏⴷⵉⵢⵏ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Publié en 1964, Nos frères les Indiens témoigne de l’élargissement des préoccupations de l’auteur à l’ensemble des opprimés du monde et de l’histoire.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵎⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵊⵓⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⴽ&quot; ⴰⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵊⴰⵏ ⴱⵓⵍ ⵚⴰⵕⵟⵕ|ⵊⴰⵏ ⴱⵓⵍ ⵙⴰⵕⵜⵕ]], ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵓⴹⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ ⴳ [[ⵍⴱⵍⵉⴷⴰ]] («ⵜⴰⵊⴷⴷⵉⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴱⵍⵉⴷⴰ», ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉⵜ&quot;, ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1965). ⴷ ⴳ 1967, ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵖⵔ [[ⴼⵢⵉⵜⵏⴰⵎ|ⴼⵉⵜⵏⴰⵎ]], ⴷ ⵉⴼⵍ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵕⵥⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⴰⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⵙⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵓⵖⵍ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⴳ [[1970]].

== ⴰⵙⴷⵔⵎ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ==
ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⴷ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴷⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵉⵙⵙⴼⴰⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ - ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵙⴷⵔⵎ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ&quot; - ⴰⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⴰⴹⴰⵍⵓⵚ, ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⴹⵚⴰⵢ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⵜ. ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ &quot;ⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;« Kateb Yacine et le Théâtre de la mer à Alger [archive] », sur Le Matin d'Algérie (consulté le 1er octobre 2025)&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵇⴷⴷⵓⵕ ⵏⵄⵉⵎⵉ ⴳ ⵍⵇⴱⴱⴰ ⴳ 1971, ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵙⵙⴳⵎⴰ ⵜⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵙⵉⵙ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⴷⵏ ⴳ ⵇⴰⵃ ⵜⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴽⵔⴰⵣⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ. ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵣⵡⵍⵏ ⴰⴷ: &quot;ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵇⵔⴰⴱ ⵏⵏⴽ&quot; (1971), &quot;ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ&quot; (1972), &quot;ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Guy Bruit, « Kateb Yacine, La Guerre de 2000 ans », Raison présente, vol. 147, no 1,‎ 2003, p. 144–147 (lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 1er octobre 2025)&lt;/ref&gt; (ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⴼⴼⵖ ⵜⵏⴱⵔⴰⵣⵜ ⵜⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⴳⵜ) ([[1974]]), &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ&quot; (1975) [ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ], ⴷ &quot;ⴼⵉⵍⵉⵙⵟⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵔⵔⴰⵙⵏ&quot; ([[1977]]). ⴷ ⴳⵔ 1972 ⴷ 1975, ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵇⵔⴰⴱ ⵏⵏⴽ&quot; ⴷ &quot;ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ&quot; ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ (GDR). ⴷ ⵡⴰⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵢⵓⴹⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ, ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵍⵇⴱⴱⴰ ⵖⵔ [[ⴱⴰⴱ ⵍⵡⴰⴷⵉ]]. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴳ 1978 ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵜ ⵖⵔ [[ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⴱⵍⵄⴱⴱⴰⵙ]] ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⴰⵏⵎⵏⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ. ⴷ ⵎⵉⵏⵣⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵓⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⵏⵖ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵙⵓⵔⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴽⵜⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵥⵓⵕ [[ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]] ⴷ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⴷⴷⴰⴷⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵎⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉⵢⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴰⵏⵏⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵜⴳⴰⴷⴷⴰ/ⵢⵉⵙⴽⵉⵍ ⴳⵔ ⵜⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ &lt;ref&gt;« Éternelle sacrifiée, la femme dès sa naissance est accueillie sans joie. Quand les filles se succèdent (…), cette naissance devient une malédiction. Jusqu'à son mariage, c'est une bombe à retardement qui met en danger l'honneur patriarcal. Elle sera donc recluse et vivra une vie secrête dans le monde souterrain des femmes. On n'entend pas la voix des femmes. C'est à peine un murmure. Le plus souvent c'est le silence. Un silence orageux. Car ce silence engendre le don de la parole. »
— Kateb Yacine, J'ai vu mourir l'étoile qui n'a brillé qu'une fois, dans Le Monde, Paris, 4 avril 1984&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵍⵙⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵉⵏ ⴰⴱⵔⴱⵓⵔ, ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⴽⴰ.

== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ==
* ''Les Fruits de la colère'', préface à Aît Djaffar, ''Complainte de la petite Yasmina''
* ''Les mille et une nuit de la révolution'', préface à Abdelhamid Benzine, ''La Plaine et la montagne''
* ''Les Ancêtres redoublent de férocité'', préface à Tassadit Yacine, &quot;[[Lounis Ait Menguellet]] chante…&quot;, textes berbères et français, Paris, La Découverte, 1989; Alger Bouchène/Awal, 1990 [dernier texte de Kateb Yacine, adressé à Tassadit Yacine le 29 septembre 1989, un mois avant sa mort]. 
* Kateb Yacine a également écrit plusieurs préfaces pour ses amis peintres, M'hamed Issiakhem (''Œil-de-lynx et les américains, trente-cinq années de l'enfer d'un peintre'') et [[Mohammed Khadda]].
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine, Pierre Bernard, et Habib Tengour.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ [[ⴱⵢⵉⵔ ⴱⵉⵔⵏⴰⵔⴷ]] ⴷ [[ⵃⴰⴱⵉⴱ ⵜⵏⴳⵓⵔ]].]]
* Jacqueline Arnaud, ''La Littérature maghrébine de langue française'', Paris, Publisud, 1986.
* Isidro Romero, ''Kateb Yacine, écrivain public'', entretien filmé, coll. &quot;Un certain Regard&quot;, Service de la recherche de l'ORTF / INA, 1971, 54 min, couleur.
* Jean Déjeux, ''Bibliographie méthodique et critique de la littérature algérienne de langue française 1945-1977'', SNED, Alger, 1979.
* Jean Déjeux, « Hommage Kateb Yacine écrivain de l'Algérie profonde », ''Hommes et Migrations'', nᵒ 1127, 1989, pp. 57-60. [https://www.persee.fr/doc/homig_1142-852x_1989_num_1127_1_1387 Lire en ligne].
* Jean Déjeux, ''Dictionnaire des auteurs maghrébins de langue française'', Paris, Éditions Karthala, 1984 (ISBN 2-86537-085-2).
* ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'' [avec une bibliographie détaillée de Jacqueline Arnaud], Kalim nᵒ 7, Alger, Office des Publications Universitaires, 1987, 264 p.
* Hassima Ould Amar, ''L’Exil dans « Le Polygone Étoilé » De KATEB Yacine'', mémoire de magister, Université Hadj Lakhdar.
* Ghania Khelifi, ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats et poèmes'', [chronologie et très nombreux documents], Alger, Enag Éditions, 1990, 136 p.
* Naget Khadda, ''Kateb Yacine - Une vie, Une œuvre'', Casablanca, Centre Culturel du Livre Édition/Distribution, 2020, 128 p.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Actes du colloque international de l'Université d'Alger en 1990, Alger, OPU, 1991.
* ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats de mémoire'', documents réunis par Olivier Corpet, Albert Dichy et Mireille Djaider, Éditions de l'IMEC, 1994, 80 p. (ISBN 2908295202).
* Joseph Le Coq, ''Kateb Yacine, le rebelle amoureux'', CBA, 1989.
* Saïd Tamba, ''Kateb Yacine'', coll. Poètes d'Aujourd'hui, Seghers, Paris, 1992.
* ''Anthologie de la littérature algérienne (1950-1987)'', introduction, choix, notices et commentaires de Charles Bonn, Le Livre de Poche, Paris, 1990 (ISBN 2-253-05309-0).
* Beïda Chikhi, ''L'Édifice métaphorique katébien'', dans ''Littérature algérienne, désir d'histoire et esthétique'', Paris, L'Harmattan, 1997.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Rue d'Alger, 1978.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵎⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷⴳ [[ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ]], ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵏⵖ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⵅⵎ]]]]
* Stéphane Gatti, ''Kateb Yacine, poète en trois langues'', documentaire, France, 2001. Production, La Parole errante.
* Sarah Baron, Swann Dubus, ''Le Cadavre encerclé de Kateb Yacine lu par Armand Gatti'', captation vidéo, France, 2003. Production: le Volcan/scène nationale du Havre. © La Parole errante.
* Benamar Mediene, ''Kateb Yacine, le cœur entre les dents'', Robert Laffont, Paris, 2006 (Préface de Gilles Perrault).
* Olivier Neveux, ''Théâtres en lutte. Le théâtre militant en France des années 1960 à aujourd'hui'', Paris, La Découverte, 2007.
* Beïda Chikhi et Anne Douaire-Banny, ''Kateb Yacine au cœur d'une histoire polygonale'', Rennes, PUR, 2014.
* Patrick Autréaux, « Kateb Yacine, la révolution dans la révolution », dans ''Les Lettres françaises'', nᵒ 169, 2019.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Collection « Classiques du monde », présentation Ismaël Abdoun, Fernand Nathan, Paris / SNED, Alger, 1986.
* ''Awal'', nᵒ 9, ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'', 1992.
== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⴹⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ |ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ |ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
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        <username>ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ</username>
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      <text bytes="24634" sha1="gs6wc1ko8zk64ei8tsgt5ajpq5cdevw" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine family, Souk Ahras 1940s.jpg|thumb|left|184x184px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴳ [[1940]]]]
ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⵓⴷⵔⵜ ==
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴳ 25 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 1929 (ⵏⵖ ⴳ 2 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ) ⴳ ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ, ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ [[ⴰⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ|ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ]]. ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵡⵉⵜ]] &lt;ref&gt;Document généalogique familial indiquant l’origine de la famille Kateb à Bir Bou Haouch, wilaya de Souk Ahras (voir arbre généalogique conservé par la famille, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur dna.fr. »(Archive.org • Wikiwix • Que faire ?).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur tamusni.tripod.com. », sur tripod.com via Internet Archive.&lt;/ref&gt; - ⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵙ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵢⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, Nedjma (lire en ligne [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ])&lt;/ref&gt; -, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵉⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴼⴰⵀⵍⵉ, ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵃⵎⵎⴰⵎ ⵏⴱⴰⵢⵍ (ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴳⴰⵍⵎⴰ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵜⵉⵢⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴱⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵓⵜ) &lt;ref&gt;La tribu des Beni Keblout fut l’objet de la part de l’armée française en 1852, notamment après la découverte des corps d’un couple français gisant dans une grotte, à Aïn Ghrour, pénates de la tribu. Cette tribu a une place centrale dans Nedjma.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, [[ⵚⴰⵍⵃ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵍⵇⴰⵙⵎ]], ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1874, ⵉⵎⴰ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ &quot;[[ⴱⴰⵛ ⵄⴷⵍ]]&quot; (ⴰⵏⴱⴹⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⴱⴹⵓ) ⴳ ⴽⵓⵏⴷⵉ ⵙⵎⵏⴷⵓ (ⵖⵔⵉⵖⵓⵔ ⵡⴰⵙⴰ). ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵜⵜⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ. ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵓⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ (ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⴽ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ &quot;ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴰⴷⵉⴱ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]) ⴳ 1934 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⵙⴷⵕⵡⴰⵜ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1935 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ ⴳ ⵍⴰⴼⴰⵢⵉⵜ (ⴱⵓⵇⴰⵄⴰ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ, ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵟⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵔⵓⵅⵅⴰ), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵣⴷⵖ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ 1941, ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵙⵟⵉⴼ]]: ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴱⵉⵕⵟⵉⵏⵉ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴽⵔⵡⴰⵏⵉ]] ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ.
== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ==
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵓⵎⵉ ⵏⴽⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ [[1945]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵓⵍⵜⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵉⵍⵉⵛⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Kateb Yacine, le poète errant (1929-1989) [archive] », sur France Culture, 31 juillet 2016&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵔⴰⴼ ⵉ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ. ⴷ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵍⵓⵍ ⵜⴳⵯⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ «ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵚⵉⴹ» &lt;ref&gt;« Je suis né d'une mère folle très géniale. Elle était généreuse, simple, et des perles coulaient de ses lèvres. Je les ai recueillies sans savoir leur valeur. Après le massacre (8 mai 1945), je l'ai vue devenir folle. Elle, la source de tout. Elle se jetait dans le feu, partout où il y avait du feu. Ses jambes, ses bras, sa tête, n'étaient que brûlures. J'ai vécu ça, et je me suis lancé tout droit dans la folie d'un amour, impossible pour une cousine déjà mariée. »
— Kateb Yacine dans Ghania Khelifi, 1990, p. 13&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: «ⵀⴰⵜ ⵍⵓⵍⵖ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵉⵏⵓ, ⴳ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1945. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵉⵏⵓ ⵕⵥⵎⵏⵜ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴽⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⴷ ⵎⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵔⵡⵍⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⵜⵍ, ⵎⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵉ, ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵃⴰⵏⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵉⵥⵕ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ. ⵉⵎⵎⴰ, ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵉⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⵜⵣⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵍⴰⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ» &lt;ref&gt;Benamar Médiène, Kateb Yacine : le coeur entre les dents : biographie hétérodoxe, R. Laffont, 2006 (ISBN 2-221-10733-0 et 978-2-221-10733-1, OCLC 72758351, lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:KatebYacinePassport.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|[[ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ|ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴱⵓⵔ/ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ]] ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ.]]
ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ - ⴷ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵉⵀⵔⵛⵏ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴹ  ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ [[ⴱⵓⴷⵍⵉⵔ]] ⴷ [[ⵍⵓⵜⵔⵢⴰⵎⵓⵏ]] - ⵢⵓⵣⵏ ⵜ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵖⵔ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⴱⵓⵏⴰ (ⵄⵏⵏⴰⴱⴰ)|ⴱⵓⵏⴰ]] (ⵄⵏⵏⴰⴱⴰ). ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ&quot; (ⵜⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ), «ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵄⵎⵎⵜⵉⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⴰⵀⵍⵏ», ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⵔ «ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ», ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴳ 1946 ⵜⴰⴷⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ.

ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⴰⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ|ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ]], [[ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ]] ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ.

== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ==
ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ [[ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ]], «ⴳ ⵢⵉⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵛⵛⵏ». ⴷ ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵏ [[ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ]], ⴳ ⵜⵣⵇⵇⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵖⴼ [[ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵔ|ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵔ]] &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, « Abdelkader et l'indépendance algérienne [archive] », sur altair.imarabe.org (consulté le 17 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵙ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵏⵊⵎⴰⵡ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ. ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵟⵕⵓⴱⵓⵍⵉⵜ, ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵊⵏⵡⵉ&quot; («ⴰⵔⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ») ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⵓ ⵎⵉⵔⴽⵓⵕ ⴷⵓ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙ&quot; (Le Mercure de France). ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⴳⵔ 1949 ⴷ 1951, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴰⵄⵓⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵙⵙⵓⴷⴰⵏ (ⵍⵅⵕⵟⵓⵎ). ⴷ ⵡⴰⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴷⵡⵍ, ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⵙ ⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ, ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵉⵏⵜⵍⵏ &quot;ⵙⴰⵄⵉⴷ ⵍⴰⵎⵔⵉ&quot;, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵏⴽⴽⴹ «ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴰⵢ» ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷⴰ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵥⵕⵏ ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⴽⴽⴰ|ⵎⴽⴽⴰ]].

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴳ 1950, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⴳ 1952. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴰⵔ 1959, ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵎⴰⵍⴽ ⵃⴷⴷⴰⴷ]], ⴷ ⵜⴷⵓⵙ ⵜⵣⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⵅⵎ]], ⴷ [[ⵓⵕⵎⴰⵏ ⴳⴰⵜⵉ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1954, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⴱⵉⵕⵜⵓⵍⵜ ⴱⵔⵉⵛⵜ]]. ⴷ ⴳ 1954, ⵜⴼⵙⵔ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵉⵙⴱⵔⵉ&quot; ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ «ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵇⵇⴰⵏⵏ» ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ [[ⵊⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵉⵕⵓ]], ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ.

ⵉⴼⴼⵖ ⴷ ⵡⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ&quot; ⴳ 1956 (ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⴽⵜⵉ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵖⴼⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵖⵔⵉ: «ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⴽⵔⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⴰ ⵎⴰⵏ. ⴷⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵖⵓⵔⵓⵏ ⵓⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ, ⵎⴰⵖ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵎ?»). ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ, ⴷ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵜⴹⴼⵕⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ, ⵉⴷⴷⵔ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ, ⴰⵏⴱⴳⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⴳ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]], [[ⴱⵍⵊⵉⴽⴰ|ⴱⵉⵍⵊⵉⴽⴰ]], [[ⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ]], [[ⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏ]], [[ⵢⵓⴳⵓⵙⵍⴰⴼⵢⴰ]], ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ|ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ]].

ⴳ 1962, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴳ ⵇⴰⵀⵉⵔⴰ, ⵢⵓⴹⴰ ⴷ ⴽⴰⵜⵉⴱ ⵖⵔ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴳⵔ 1963 ⴷ 1967 ⵉⵔⵣⴰⴼⵏ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵜⴰⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵢⴰⵔⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⴳⵔ 1954 ⴷ 1959 &lt;ref&gt;(en) Sbouai, Taïeb (1949-....). Auteur du texte, « &quot;La femme sauvage&quot; de Kateb Yacine : essai de lecture active suivi d'inédits / Taïeb Sbouaï ; préface de Kateb Yacine » [archive du 8 juin 2025], sur Gallica, 1985 (consulté le 27 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴳ 1963. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵙⵙⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;POIROT-DELPECH, « &quot; Les ancêtres redoublent de férocité&quot;, DE KATEB YACINE &quot; La Grande Imprécation devant les murs de la ville &quot; DE TANKRED DORST », Le Monde,‎ 28 janvier 1967 (ISSN 1950-6244, lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 27 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵏⵖⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵙⵜ&quot; ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴳ 1967 (ⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⵜ ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴳ 1969). ⴷ ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴳ 1964 ⴳ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵖⴼ &quot;ⴰⵢⵜⵎⴰⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵖ ⵉⵀⵉⵏⴷⵉⵢⵏ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Publié en 1964, Nos frères les Indiens témoigne de l’élargissement des préoccupations de l’auteur à l’ensemble des opprimés du monde et de l’histoire.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵎⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵊⵓⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⴽ&quot; ⴰⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵊⴰⵏ ⴱⵓⵍ ⵚⴰⵕⵟⵕ|ⵊⴰⵏ ⴱⵓⵍ ⵙⴰⵕⵜⵕ]], ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵓⴹⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ ⴳ [[ⵍⴱⵍⵉⴷⴰ]] («ⵜⴰⵊⴷⴷⵉⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴱⵍⵉⴷⴰ», ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉⵜ&quot;, ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1965). ⴷ ⴳ 1967, ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵖⵔ [[ⴼⵢⵉⵜⵏⴰⵎ|ⴼⵉⵜⵏⴰⵎ]], ⴷ ⵉⴼⵍ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵕⵥⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⴰⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⵙⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵓⵖⵍ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⴳ [[1970]].

== ⴰⵙⴷⵔⵎ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ==
ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⴷ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴷⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵉⵙⵙⴼⴰⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ - ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵙⴷⵔⵎ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ&quot; - ⴰⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⴰⴹⴰⵍⵓⵚ, ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⴹⵚⴰⵢ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⵜ. ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ &quot;ⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;« Kateb Yacine et le Théâtre de la mer à Alger [archive] », sur Le Matin d'Algérie (consulté le 1er octobre 2025)&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵇⴷⴷⵓⵕ ⵏⵄⵉⵎⵉ ⴳ ⵍⵇⴱⴱⴰ ⴳ 1971, ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵙⵙⴳⵎⴰ ⵜⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵙⵉⵙ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⴷⵏ ⴳ ⵇⴰⵃ ⵜⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴽⵔⴰⵣⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ.

ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵣⵡⵍⵏ ⴰⴷ: &quot;ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵇⵔⴰⴱ ⵏⵏⴽ&quot; (1971), &quot;ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ&quot; (1972), &quot;ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Guy Bruit, « Kateb Yacine, La Guerre de 2000 ans », Raison présente, vol. 147, no 1,‎ 2003, p. 144–147 (lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 1er octobre 2025)&lt;/ref&gt; (ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⴼⴼⵖ ⵜⵏⴱⵔⴰⵣⵜ ⵜⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⴳⵜ) ([[1974]]), &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ&quot; (1975) [ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ], ⴷ &quot;ⴼⵉⵍⵉⵙⵟⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵔⵔⴰⵙⵏ&quot; ([[1977]]). ⴷ ⴳⵔ 1972 ⴷ 1975, ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵇⵔⴰⴱ ⵏⵏⴽ&quot; ⴷ &quot;ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ&quot; ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ (GDR). ⴷ ⵡⴰⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵢⵓⴹⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ, ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵍⵇⴱⴱⴰ ⵖⵔ [[ⴱⴰⴱ ⵍⵡⴰⴷⵉ]]. 

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴳ 1978 ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵜ ⵖⵔ [[ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⴱⵍⵄⴱⴱⴰⵙ]] ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⴰⵏⵎⵏⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ. ⴷ ⵎⵉⵏⵣⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵓⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⵏⵖ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵙⵓⵔⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴽⵜⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵥⵓⵕ [[ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]] ⴷ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⴷⴷⴰⴷⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵎⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉⵢⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴰⵏⵏⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵜⴳⴰⴷⴷⴰ/ⵢⵉⵙⴽⵉⵍ ⴳⵔ ⵜⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ &lt;ref&gt;« Éternelle sacrifiée, la femme dès sa naissance est accueillie sans joie. Quand les filles se succèdent (…), cette naissance devient une malédiction. Jusqu'à son mariage, c'est une bombe à retardement qui met en danger l'honneur patriarcal. Elle sera donc recluse et vivra une vie secrête dans le monde souterrain des femmes. On n'entend pas la voix des femmes. C'est à peine un murmure. Le plus souvent c'est le silence. Un silence orageux. Car ce silence engendre le don de la parole. »
— Kateb Yacine, J'ai vu mourir l'étoile qui n'a brillé qu'une fois, dans Le Monde, Paris, 4 avril 1984&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵍⵙⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵉⵏ ⴰⴱⵔⴱⵓⵔ, ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⴽⴰ.

== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ==
* ''Les Fruits de la colère'', préface à Aît Djaffar, ''Complainte de la petite Yasmina''
* ''Les mille et une nuit de la révolution'', préface à Abdelhamid Benzine, ''La Plaine et la montagne''
* ''Les Ancêtres redoublent de férocité'', préface à Tassadit Yacine, &quot;[[Lounis Ait Menguellet]] chante…&quot;, textes berbères et français, Paris, La Découverte, 1989; Alger Bouchène/Awal, 1990 [dernier texte de Kateb Yacine, adressé à Tassadit Yacine le 29 septembre 1989, un mois avant sa mort]. 
* Kateb Yacine a également écrit plusieurs préfaces pour ses amis peintres, M'hamed Issiakhem (''Œil-de-lynx et les américains, trente-cinq années de l'enfer d'un peintre'') et [[Mohammed Khadda]].
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine, Pierre Bernard, et Habib Tengour.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ [[ⴱⵢⵉⵔ ⴱⵉⵔⵏⴰⵔⴷ]] ⴷ [[ⵃⴰⴱⵉⴱ ⵜⵏⴳⵓⵔ]].]]
* Jacqueline Arnaud, ''La Littérature maghrébine de langue française'', Paris, Publisud, 1986.
* Isidro Romero, ''Kateb Yacine, écrivain public'', entretien filmé, coll. &quot;Un certain Regard&quot;, Service de la recherche de l'ORTF / INA, 1971, 54 min, couleur.
* Jean Déjeux, ''Bibliographie méthodique et critique de la littérature algérienne de langue française 1945-1977'', SNED, Alger, 1979.
* Jean Déjeux, « Hommage Kateb Yacine écrivain de l'Algérie profonde », ''Hommes et Migrations'', nᵒ 1127, 1989, pp. 57-60. [https://www.persee.fr/doc/homig_1142-852x_1989_num_1127_1_1387 Lire en ligne].
* Jean Déjeux, ''Dictionnaire des auteurs maghrébins de langue française'', Paris, Éditions Karthala, 1984 (ISBN 2-86537-085-2).
* ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'' [avec une bibliographie détaillée de Jacqueline Arnaud], Kalim nᵒ 7, Alger, Office des Publications Universitaires, 1987, 264 p.
* Hassima Ould Amar, ''L’Exil dans « Le Polygone Étoilé » De KATEB Yacine'', mémoire de magister, Université Hadj Lakhdar.
* Ghania Khelifi, ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats et poèmes'', [chronologie et très nombreux documents], Alger, Enag Éditions, 1990, 136 p.
* Naget Khadda, ''Kateb Yacine - Une vie, Une œuvre'', Casablanca, Centre Culturel du Livre Édition/Distribution, 2020, 128 p.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Actes du colloque international de l'Université d'Alger en 1990, Alger, OPU, 1991.
* ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats de mémoire'', documents réunis par Olivier Corpet, Albert Dichy et Mireille Djaider, Éditions de l'IMEC, 1994, 80 p. (ISBN 2908295202).
* Joseph Le Coq, ''Kateb Yacine, le rebelle amoureux'', CBA, 1989.
* Saïd Tamba, ''Kateb Yacine'', coll. Poètes d'Aujourd'hui, Seghers, Paris, 1992.
* ''Anthologie de la littérature algérienne (1950-1987)'', introduction, choix, notices et commentaires de Charles Bonn, Le Livre de Poche, Paris, 1990 (ISBN 2-253-05309-0).
* Beïda Chikhi, ''L'Édifice métaphorique katébien'', dans ''Littérature algérienne, désir d'histoire et esthétique'', Paris, L'Harmattan, 1997.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Rue d'Alger, 1978.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵎⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷⴳ [[ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ]], ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵏⵖ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⵅⵎ]]]]
* Stéphane Gatti, ''Kateb Yacine, poète en trois langues'', documentaire, France, 2001. Production, La Parole errante.
* Sarah Baron, Swann Dubus, ''Le Cadavre encerclé de Kateb Yacine lu par Armand Gatti'', captation vidéo, France, 2003. Production: le Volcan/scène nationale du Havre. © La Parole errante.
* Benamar Mediene, ''Kateb Yacine, le cœur entre les dents'', Robert Laffont, Paris, 2006 (Préface de Gilles Perrault).
* Olivier Neveux, ''Théâtres en lutte. Le théâtre militant en France des années 1960 à aujourd'hui'', Paris, La Découverte, 2007.
* Beïda Chikhi et Anne Douaire-Banny, ''Kateb Yacine au cœur d'une histoire polygonale'', Rennes, PUR, 2014.
* Patrick Autréaux, « Kateb Yacine, la révolution dans la révolution », dans ''Les Lettres françaises'', nᵒ 169, 2019.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Collection « Classiques du monde », présentation Ismaël Abdoun, Fernand Nathan, Paris / SNED, Alger, 1986.
* ''Awal'', nᵒ 9, ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'', 1992.
== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⴹⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ |ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ |ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
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      <text bytes="24642" sha1="7r2tzlo2gs4ezevoqozaf2nrpozqfv2" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine family, Souk Ahras 1940s.jpg|thumb|left|184x184px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴳ [[1940]]]]
ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⵓⴷⵔⵜ ==
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴳ 25 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 1929 (ⵏⵖ ⴳ 2 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ) ⴳ ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ, ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ [[ⴰⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ|ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ]]. ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵡⵉⵜ]] &lt;ref&gt;Document généalogique familial indiquant l’origine de la famille Kateb à Bir Bou Haouch, wilaya de Souk Ahras (voir arbre généalogique conservé par la famille, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur dna.fr. »(Archive.org • Wikiwix • Que faire ?).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur tamusni.tripod.com. », sur tripod.com via Internet Archive.&lt;/ref&gt; - ⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵙ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵢⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, Nedjma (lire en ligne [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ])&lt;/ref&gt; -, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵉⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴼⴰⵀⵍⵉ, ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵃⵎⵎⴰⵎ ⵏⴱⴰⵢⵍ (ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴳⴰⵍⵎⴰ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵜⵉⵢⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴱⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵓⵜ) &lt;ref&gt;La tribu des Beni Keblout fut l’objet de la part de l’armée française en 1852, notamment après la découverte des corps d’un couple français gisant dans une grotte, à Aïn Ghrour, pénates de la tribu. Cette tribu a une place centrale dans Nedjma.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, [[ⵚⴰⵍⵃ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵍⵇⴰⵙⵎ]], ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1874, ⵉⵎⴰ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ &quot;[[ⴱⴰⵛ ⵄⴷⵍ]]&quot; (ⴰⵏⴱⴹⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⴱⴹⵓ) ⴳ ⴽⵓⵏⴷⵉ ⵙⵎⵏⴷⵓ (ⵖⵔⵉⵖⵓⵔ ⵡⴰⵙⴰ). ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵜⵜⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ. ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵓⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ (ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⴽ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ &quot;ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴰⴷⵉⴱ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]) ⴳ 1934 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⵙⴷⵕⵡⴰⵜ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1935 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ ⴳ ⵍⴰⴼⴰⵢⵉⵜ (ⴱⵓⵇⴰⵄⴰ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ, ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵟⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵔⵓⵅⵅⴰ), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵣⴷⵖ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ 1941, ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵙⵟⵉⴼ]]: ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴱⵉⵕⵟⵉⵏⵉ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴽⵔⵡⴰⵏⵉ]] ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ.
== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ==
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵓⵎⵉ ⵏⴽⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ [[1945]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵓⵍⵜⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵉⵍⵉⵛⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Kateb Yacine, le poète errant (1929-1989) [archive] », sur France Culture, 31 juillet 2016&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵔⴰⴼ ⵉ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ. ⴷ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵍⵓⵍ ⵜⴳⵯⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ «ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵚⵉⴹ» &lt;ref&gt;« Je suis né d'une mère folle très géniale. Elle était généreuse, simple, et des perles coulaient de ses lèvres. Je les ai recueillies sans savoir leur valeur. Après le massacre (8 mai 1945), je l'ai vue devenir folle. Elle, la source de tout. Elle se jetait dans le feu, partout où il y avait du feu. Ses jambes, ses bras, sa tête, n'étaient que brûlures. J'ai vécu ça, et je me suis lancé tout droit dans la folie d'un amour, impossible pour une cousine déjà mariée. »
— Kateb Yacine dans Ghania Khelifi, 1990, p. 13&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: «ⵀⴰⵜ ⵍⵓⵍⵖ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵉⵏⵓ, ⴳ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1945. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵉⵏⵓ ⵕⵥⵎⵏⵜ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴽⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⴷ ⵎⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵔⵡⵍⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⵜⵍ, ⵎⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵉ, ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵃⴰⵏⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵉⵥⵕ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ. ⵉⵎⵎⴰ, ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵉⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⵜⵣⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵍⴰⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ» &lt;ref&gt;Benamar Médiène, Kateb Yacine : le coeur entre les dents : biographie hétérodoxe, R. Laffont, 2006 (ISBN 2-221-10733-0 et 978-2-221-10733-1, OCLC 72758351, lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:KatebYacinePassport.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|[[ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ|ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴱⵓⵔ/ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ]] ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ.]]
ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ - ⴷ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵉⵀⵔⵛⵏ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴹ  ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ [[ⴱⵓⴷⵍⵉⵔ]] ⴷ [[ⵍⵓⵜⵔⵢⴰⵎⵓⵏ]] - ⵢⵓⵣⵏ ⵜ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵖⵔ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⴱⵓⵏⴰ (ⵄⵏⵏⴰⴱⴰ)|ⴱⵓⵏⴰ]] (ⵄⵏⵏⴰⴱⴰ). ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ&quot; (ⵜⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ), «ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵄⵎⵎⵜⵉⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⴰⵀⵍⵏ», ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⵔ «ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ», ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴳ 1946 ⵜⴰⴷⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ.

ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⴰⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ|ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ]], [[ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ]] ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ.

== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ==
ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ [[ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ]], «ⴳ ⵢⵉⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵛⵛⵏ». ⴷ ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵏ [[ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ]], ⴳ ⵜⵣⵇⵇⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵖⴼ [[ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵔ|ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵔ]] &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, « Abdelkader et l'indépendance algérienne [archive] », sur altair.imarabe.org (consulté le 17 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵙ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵏⵊⵎⴰⵡ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ. ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵟⵕⵓⴱⵓⵍⵉⵜ, ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵊⵏⵡⵉ&quot; («ⴰⵔⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ») ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⵓ ⵎⵉⵔⴽⵓⵕ ⴷⵓ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙ&quot; (Le Mercure de France). ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⴳⵔ 1949 ⴷ 1951, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴰⵄⵓⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵙⵙⵓⴷⴰⵏ (ⵍⵅⵕⵟⵓⵎ). ⴷ ⵡⴰⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴷⵡⵍ, ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⵙ ⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ, ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵉⵏⵜⵍⵏ &quot;ⵙⴰⵄⵉⴷ ⵍⴰⵎⵔⵉ&quot;, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵏⴽⴽⴹ «ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴰⵢ» ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷⴰ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵥⵕⵏ ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⴽⴽⴰ|ⵎⴽⴽⴰ]].

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴳ 1950, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⴳ 1952. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴰⵔ 1959, ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵎⴰⵍⴽ ⵃⴷⴷⴰⴷ]], ⴷ ⵜⴷⵓⵙ ⵜⵣⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⵅⵎ]], ⴷ [[ⵓⵕⵎⴰⵏ ⴳⴰⵜⵉ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1954, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⴱⵉⵕⵜⵓⵍⵜ ⴱⵔⵉⵛⵜ]]. ⴷ ⴳ 1954, ⵜⴼⵙⵔ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵉⵙⴱⵔⵉ&quot; ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ «ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵇⵇⴰⵏⵏ» ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ [[ⵊⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵉⵕⵓ]], ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ.

ⵉⴼⴼⵖ ⴷ ⵡⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ&quot; ⴳ 1956 (ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⴽⵜⵉ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵖⴼⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵖⵔⵉ: «ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⴽⵔⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⴰ ⵎⴰⵏ. ⴷⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵖⵓⵔⵓⵏ ⵓⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ, ⵎⴰⵖ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵎ?»). ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ, ⴷ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵜⴹⴼⵕⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ, ⵉⴷⴷⵔ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ, ⴰⵏⴱⴳⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⴳ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]], [[ⴱⵍⵊⵉⴽⴰ|ⴱⵉⵍⵊⵉⴽⴰ]], [[ⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ]], [[ⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏ]], [[ⵢⵓⴳⵓⵙⵍⴰⴼⵢⴰ]], ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ|ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ]].

ⴳ 1962, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴳ ⵇⴰⵀⵉⵔⴰ, ⵢⵓⴹⴰ ⴷ ⴽⴰⵜⵉⴱ ⵖⵔ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴳⵔ 1963 ⴷ 1967 ⵉⵔⵣⴰⴼⵏ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵜⴰⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵢⴰⵔⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⴳⵔ 1954 ⴷ 1959 &lt;ref&gt;(en) Sbouai, Taïeb (1949-....). Auteur du texte, « &quot;La femme sauvage&quot; de Kateb Yacine : essai de lecture active suivi d'inédits / Taïeb Sbouaï ; préface de Kateb Yacine » [archive du 8 juin 2025], sur Gallica, 1985 (consulté le 27 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴳ 1963. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵙⵙⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;POIROT-DELPECH, « &quot; Les ancêtres redoublent de férocité&quot;, DE KATEB YACINE &quot; La Grande Imprécation devant les murs de la ville &quot; DE TANKRED DORST », Le Monde,‎ 28 janvier 1967 (ISSN 1950-6244, lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 27 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵏⵖⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵙⵜ&quot; ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴳ 1967 (ⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⵜ ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴳ 1969). ⴷ ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴳ 1964 ⴳ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵖⴼ &quot;ⴰⵢⵜⵎⴰⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵖ ⵉⵀⵉⵏⴷⵉⵢⵏ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Publié en 1964, Nos frères les Indiens témoigne de l’élargissement des préoccupations de l’auteur à l’ensemble des opprimés du monde et de l’histoire.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵎⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵊⵓⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⴽ&quot; ⴰⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵊⴰⵏ ⴱⵓⵍ ⵚⴰⵕⵟⵕ|ⵊⴰⵏ ⴱⵓⵍ ⵙⴰⵕⵜⵕ]], ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵓⴹⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ ⴳ [[ⵍⴱⵍⵉⴷⴰ]] («ⵜⴰⵊⴷⴷⵉⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴱⵍⵉⴷⴰ», ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉⵜ&quot;, ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1965). ⴷ ⴳ 1967, ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵖⵔ [[ⴼⵢⵉⵜⵏⴰⵎ|ⴼⵉⵜⵏⴰⵎ]], ⴷ ⵉⴼⵍ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵕⵥⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⴰⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⵙⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵓⵖⵍ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⴳ [[1970]].

== ⴰⵙⴷⵔⵎ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ==
ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⴷ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴷⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵉⵙⵙⴼⴰⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ - ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵙⴷⵔⵎ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ&quot; - ⴰⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⴰⴹⴰⵍⵓⵚ, ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⴹⵚⴰⵢ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⵜ. ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ &quot;ⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;« Kateb Yacine et le Théâtre de la mer à Alger [archive] », sur Le Matin d'Algérie (consulté le 1er octobre 2025)&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⴰ [[ⵇⴷⴷⵓⵕ ⵏⵄⵉⵎⵉ]] ⴳ [[ⵍⵇⴱⴱⴰ]] ⴳ 1971, ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵙⵙⴳⵎⴰ ⵜⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵙⵉⵙ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⴷⵏ ⴳ ⵇⴰⵃ ⵜⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴽⵔⴰⵣⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ.

ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵣⵡⵍⵏ ⴰⴷ: &quot;ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵇⵔⴰⴱ ⵏⵏⴽ&quot; (1971), &quot;ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ&quot; (1972), &quot;ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Guy Bruit, « Kateb Yacine, La Guerre de 2000 ans », Raison présente, vol. 147, no 1,‎ 2003, p. 144–147 (lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 1er octobre 2025)&lt;/ref&gt; (ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⴼⴼⵖ ⵜⵏⴱⵔⴰⵣⵜ ⵜⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⴳⵜ) ([[1974]]), &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ&quot; (1975) [ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ], ⴷ &quot;ⴼⵉⵍⵉⵙⵟⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵔⵔⴰⵙⵏ&quot; ([[1977]]). ⴷ ⴳⵔ 1972 ⴷ 1975, ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵇⵔⴰⴱ ⵏⵏⴽ&quot; ⴷ &quot;ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ&quot; ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ (GDR). ⴷ ⵡⴰⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵢⵓⴹⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ, ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵍⵇⴱⴱⴰ ⵖⵔ [[ⴱⴰⴱ ⵍⵡⴰⴷⵉ]]. 

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴳ 1978 ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵜ ⵖⵔ [[ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⴱⵍⵄⴱⴱⴰⵙ]] ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⴰⵏⵎⵏⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ. ⴷ ⵎⵉⵏⵣⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵓⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⵏⵖ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵙⵓⵔⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴽⵜⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵥⵓⵕ [[ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]] ⴷ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⴷⴷⴰⴷⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵎⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉⵢⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴰⵏⵏⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵜⴳⴰⴷⴷⴰ/ⵢⵉⵙⴽⵉⵍ ⴳⵔ ⵜⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ &lt;ref&gt;« Éternelle sacrifiée, la femme dès sa naissance est accueillie sans joie. Quand les filles se succèdent (…), cette naissance devient une malédiction. Jusqu'à son mariage, c'est une bombe à retardement qui met en danger l'honneur patriarcal. Elle sera donc recluse et vivra une vie secrête dans le monde souterrain des femmes. On n'entend pas la voix des femmes. C'est à peine un murmure. Le plus souvent c'est le silence. Un silence orageux. Car ce silence engendre le don de la parole. »
— Kateb Yacine, J'ai vu mourir l'étoile qui n'a brillé qu'une fois, dans Le Monde, Paris, 4 avril 1984&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵍⵙⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵉⵏ ⴰⴱⵔⴱⵓⵔ, ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⴽⴰ.

== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ==
* ''Les Fruits de la colère'', préface à Aît Djaffar, ''Complainte de la petite Yasmina''
* ''Les mille et une nuit de la révolution'', préface à Abdelhamid Benzine, ''La Plaine et la montagne''
* ''Les Ancêtres redoublent de férocité'', préface à Tassadit Yacine, &quot;[[Lounis Ait Menguellet]] chante…&quot;, textes berbères et français, Paris, La Découverte, 1989; Alger Bouchène/Awal, 1990 [dernier texte de Kateb Yacine, adressé à Tassadit Yacine le 29 septembre 1989, un mois avant sa mort]. 
* Kateb Yacine a également écrit plusieurs préfaces pour ses amis peintres, M'hamed Issiakhem (''Œil-de-lynx et les américains, trente-cinq années de l'enfer d'un peintre'') et [[Mohammed Khadda]].
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine, Pierre Bernard, et Habib Tengour.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ [[ⴱⵢⵉⵔ ⴱⵉⵔⵏⴰⵔⴷ]] ⴷ [[ⵃⴰⴱⵉⴱ ⵜⵏⴳⵓⵔ]].]]
* Jacqueline Arnaud, ''La Littérature maghrébine de langue française'', Paris, Publisud, 1986.
* Isidro Romero, ''Kateb Yacine, écrivain public'', entretien filmé, coll. &quot;Un certain Regard&quot;, Service de la recherche de l'ORTF / INA, 1971, 54 min, couleur.
* Jean Déjeux, ''Bibliographie méthodique et critique de la littérature algérienne de langue française 1945-1977'', SNED, Alger, 1979.
* Jean Déjeux, « Hommage Kateb Yacine écrivain de l'Algérie profonde », ''Hommes et Migrations'', nᵒ 1127, 1989, pp. 57-60. [https://www.persee.fr/doc/homig_1142-852x_1989_num_1127_1_1387 Lire en ligne].
* Jean Déjeux, ''Dictionnaire des auteurs maghrébins de langue française'', Paris, Éditions Karthala, 1984 (ISBN 2-86537-085-2).
* ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'' [avec une bibliographie détaillée de Jacqueline Arnaud], Kalim nᵒ 7, Alger, Office des Publications Universitaires, 1987, 264 p.
* Hassima Ould Amar, ''L’Exil dans « Le Polygone Étoilé » De KATEB Yacine'', mémoire de magister, Université Hadj Lakhdar.
* Ghania Khelifi, ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats et poèmes'', [chronologie et très nombreux documents], Alger, Enag Éditions, 1990, 136 p.
* Naget Khadda, ''Kateb Yacine - Une vie, Une œuvre'', Casablanca, Centre Culturel du Livre Édition/Distribution, 2020, 128 p.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Actes du colloque international de l'Université d'Alger en 1990, Alger, OPU, 1991.
* ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats de mémoire'', documents réunis par Olivier Corpet, Albert Dichy et Mireille Djaider, Éditions de l'IMEC, 1994, 80 p. (ISBN 2908295202).
* Joseph Le Coq, ''Kateb Yacine, le rebelle amoureux'', CBA, 1989.
* Saïd Tamba, ''Kateb Yacine'', coll. Poètes d'Aujourd'hui, Seghers, Paris, 1992.
* ''Anthologie de la littérature algérienne (1950-1987)'', introduction, choix, notices et commentaires de Charles Bonn, Le Livre de Poche, Paris, 1990 (ISBN 2-253-05309-0).
* Beïda Chikhi, ''L'Édifice métaphorique katébien'', dans ''Littérature algérienne, désir d'histoire et esthétique'', Paris, L'Harmattan, 1997.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Rue d'Alger, 1978.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵎⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷⴳ [[ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ]], ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵏⵖ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⵅⵎ]]]]
* Stéphane Gatti, ''Kateb Yacine, poète en trois langues'', documentaire, France, 2001. Production, La Parole errante.
* Sarah Baron, Swann Dubus, ''Le Cadavre encerclé de Kateb Yacine lu par Armand Gatti'', captation vidéo, France, 2003. Production: le Volcan/scène nationale du Havre. © La Parole errante.
* Benamar Mediene, ''Kateb Yacine, le cœur entre les dents'', Robert Laffont, Paris, 2006 (Préface de Gilles Perrault).
* Olivier Neveux, ''Théâtres en lutte. Le théâtre militant en France des années 1960 à aujourd'hui'', Paris, La Découverte, 2007.
* Beïda Chikhi et Anne Douaire-Banny, ''Kateb Yacine au cœur d'une histoire polygonale'', Rennes, PUR, 2014.
* Patrick Autréaux, « Kateb Yacine, la révolution dans la révolution », dans ''Les Lettres françaises'', nᵒ 169, 2019.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Collection « Classiques du monde », présentation Ismaël Abdoun, Fernand Nathan, Paris / SNED, Alger, 1986.
* ''Awal'', nᵒ 9, ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'', 1992.
== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⴹⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ |ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ |ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
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        <username>ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ</username>
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'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine family, Souk Ahras 1940s.jpg|thumb|left|184x184px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴳ [[1940]]]]
ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⵓⴷⵔⵜ ==
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴳ 25 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 1929 (ⵏⵖ ⴳ 2 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ) ⴳ ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ, ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ [[ⴰⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ|ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ]]. ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵡⵉⵜ]] &lt;ref&gt;Document généalogique familial indiquant l’origine de la famille Kateb à Bir Bou Haouch, wilaya de Souk Ahras (voir arbre généalogique conservé par la famille, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur dna.fr. »(Archive.org • Wikiwix • Que faire ?).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur tamusni.tripod.com. », sur tripod.com via Internet Archive.&lt;/ref&gt; - ⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵙ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵢⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, Nedjma (lire en ligne [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ])&lt;/ref&gt; -, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵉⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴼⴰⵀⵍⵉ, ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵃⵎⵎⴰⵎ ⵏⴱⴰⵢⵍ (ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴳⴰⵍⵎⴰ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵜⵉⵢⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴱⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵓⵜ) &lt;ref&gt;La tribu des Beni Keblout fut l’objet de la part de l’armée française en 1852, notamment après la découverte des corps d’un couple français gisant dans une grotte, à Aïn Ghrour, pénates de la tribu. Cette tribu a une place centrale dans Nedjma.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, [[ⵚⴰⵍⵃ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵍⵇⴰⵙⵎ]], ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1874, ⵉⵎⴰ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ &quot;[[ⴱⴰⵛ ⵄⴷⵍ]]&quot; (ⴰⵏⴱⴹⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⴱⴹⵓ) ⴳ ⴽⵓⵏⴷⵉ ⵙⵎⵏⴷⵓ (ⵖⵔⵉⵖⵓⵔ ⵡⴰⵙⴰ). ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵜⵜⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ. ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵓⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ (ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⴽ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ &quot;ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴰⴷⵉⴱ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]) ⴳ 1934 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⵙⴷⵕⵡⴰⵜ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1935 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ ⴳ ⵍⴰⴼⴰⵢⵉⵜ (ⴱⵓⵇⴰⵄⴰ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ, ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵟⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵔⵓⵅⵅⴰ), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵣⴷⵖ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ 1941, ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵙⵟⵉⴼ]]: ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴱⵉⵕⵟⵉⵏⵉ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴽⵔⵡⴰⵏⵉ]] ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ.
== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ==
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵓⵎⵉ ⵏⴽⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ [[1945]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵓⵍⵜⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵉⵍⵉⵛⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Kateb Yacine, le poète errant (1929-1989) [archive] », sur France Culture, 31 juillet 2016&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵔⴰⴼ ⵉ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ. ⴷ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵍⵓⵍ ⵜⴳⵯⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ «ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵚⵉⴹ» &lt;ref&gt;« Je suis né d'une mère folle très géniale. Elle était généreuse, simple, et des perles coulaient de ses lèvres. Je les ai recueillies sans savoir leur valeur. Après le massacre (8 mai 1945), je l'ai vue devenir folle. Elle, la source de tout. Elle se jetait dans le feu, partout où il y avait du feu. Ses jambes, ses bras, sa tête, n'étaient que brûlures. J'ai vécu ça, et je me suis lancé tout droit dans la folie d'un amour, impossible pour une cousine déjà mariée. »
— Kateb Yacine dans Ghania Khelifi, 1990, p. 13&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: «ⵀⴰⵜ ⵍⵓⵍⵖ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵉⵏⵓ, ⴳ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1945. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵉⵏⵓ ⵕⵥⵎⵏⵜ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴽⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⴷ ⵎⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵔⵡⵍⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⵜⵍ, ⵎⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵉ, ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵃⴰⵏⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵉⵥⵕ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ. ⵉⵎⵎⴰ, ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵉⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⵜⵣⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵍⴰⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ» &lt;ref&gt;Benamar Médiène, Kateb Yacine : le coeur entre les dents : biographie hétérodoxe, R. Laffont, 2006 (ISBN 2-221-10733-0 et 978-2-221-10733-1, OCLC 72758351, lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:KatebYacinePassport.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|[[ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ|ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴱⵓⵔ/ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ]] ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ.]]
ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ - ⴷ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵉⵀⵔⵛⵏ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴹ  ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ [[ⴱⵓⴷⵍⵉⵔ]] ⴷ [[ⵍⵓⵜⵔⵢⴰⵎⵓⵏ]] - ⵢⵓⵣⵏ ⵜ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵖⵔ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⴱⵓⵏⴰ (ⵄⵏⵏⴰⴱⴰ)|ⴱⵓⵏⴰ]] (ⵄⵏⵏⴰⴱⴰ). ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ&quot; (ⵜⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ), «ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵄⵎⵎⵜⵉⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⴰⵀⵍⵏ», ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⵔ «ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ», ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴳ 1946 ⵜⴰⴷⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ.

ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⴰⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ|ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ]], [[ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ]] ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ.

== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ==
ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ [[ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ]], «ⴳ ⵢⵉⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵛⵛⵏ». ⴷ ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵏ [[ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ]], ⴳ ⵜⵣⵇⵇⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵖⴼ [[ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵔ|ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵔ]] &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, « Abdelkader et l'indépendance algérienne [archive] », sur altair.imarabe.org (consulté le 17 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵙ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵏⵊⵎⴰⵡ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ. ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵟⵕⵓⴱⵓⵍⵉⵜ, ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵊⵏⵡⵉ&quot; («ⴰⵔⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ») ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⵓ ⵎⵉⵔⴽⵓⵕ ⴷⵓ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙ&quot; (Le Mercure de France). ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⴳⵔ 1949 ⴷ 1951, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴰⵄⵓⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵙⵙⵓⴷⴰⵏ (ⵍⵅⵕⵟⵓⵎ). ⴷ ⵡⴰⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴷⵡⵍ, ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⵙ ⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ, ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵉⵏⵜⵍⵏ &quot;ⵙⴰⵄⵉⴷ ⵍⴰⵎⵔⵉ&quot;, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵏⴽⴽⴹ «ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴰⵢ» ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷⴰ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵥⵕⵏ ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⴽⴽⴰ|ⵎⴽⴽⴰ]].

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴳ 1950, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⴳ 1952. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴰⵔ 1959, ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵎⴰⵍⴽ ⵃⴷⴷⴰⴷ]], ⴷ ⵜⴷⵓⵙ ⵜⵣⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⵅⵎ]], ⴷ [[ⵓⵕⵎⴰⵏ ⴳⴰⵜⵉ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1954, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⴱⵉⵕⵜⵓⵍⵜ ⴱⵔⵉⵛⵜ]]. ⴷ ⴳ 1954, ⵜⴼⵙⵔ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵉⵙⴱⵔⵉ&quot; ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ «ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵇⵇⴰⵏⵏ» ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ [[ⵊⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵉⵕⵓ]], ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ.

ⵉⴼⴼⵖ ⴷ ⵡⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ&quot; ⴳ 1956 (ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⴽⵜⵉ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵖⴼⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵖⵔⵉ: «ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⴽⵔⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⴰ ⵎⴰⵏ. ⴷⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵖⵓⵔⵓⵏ ⵓⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ, ⵎⴰⵖ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵎ?»). ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ, ⴷ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵜⴹⴼⵕⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ, ⵉⴷⴷⵔ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ, ⴰⵏⴱⴳⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⴳ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]], [[ⴱⵍⵊⵉⴽⴰ|ⴱⵉⵍⵊⵉⴽⴰ]], [[ⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ]], [[ⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏ]], [[ⵢⵓⴳⵓⵙⵍⴰⴼⵢⴰ]], ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ|ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ]].

ⴳ 1962, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴳ ⵇⴰⵀⵉⵔⴰ, ⵢⵓⴹⴰ ⴷ ⴽⴰⵜⵉⴱ ⵖⵔ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴳⵔ 1963 ⴷ 1967 ⵉⵔⵣⴰⴼⵏ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵜⴰⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵢⴰⵔⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⴳⵔ 1954 ⴷ 1959 &lt;ref&gt;(en) Sbouai, Taïeb (1949-....). Auteur du texte, « &quot;La femme sauvage&quot; de Kateb Yacine : essai de lecture active suivi d'inédits / Taïeb Sbouaï ; préface de Kateb Yacine » [archive du 8 juin 2025], sur Gallica, 1985 (consulté le 27 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴳ 1963. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵙⵙⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;POIROT-DELPECH, « &quot; Les ancêtres redoublent de férocité&quot;, DE KATEB YACINE &quot; La Grande Imprécation devant les murs de la ville &quot; DE TANKRED DORST », Le Monde,‎ 28 janvier 1967 (ISSN 1950-6244, lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 27 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵏⵖⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵙⵜ&quot; ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴳ 1967 (ⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⵜ ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴳ 1969). ⴷ ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴳ 1964 ⴳ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵖⴼ &quot;ⴰⵢⵜⵎⴰⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵖ ⵉⵀⵉⵏⴷⵉⵢⵏ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Publié en 1964, Nos frères les Indiens témoigne de l’élargissement des préoccupations de l’auteur à l’ensemble des opprimés du monde et de l’histoire.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵎⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵊⵓⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⴽ&quot; ⴰⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵊⴰⵏ ⴱⵓⵍ ⵚⴰⵕⵟⵕ|ⵊⴰⵏ ⴱⵓⵍ ⵙⴰⵕⵜⵕ]], ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵓⴹⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ ⴳ [[ⵍⴱⵍⵉⴷⴰ]] («ⵜⴰⵊⴷⴷⵉⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴱⵍⵉⴷⴰ», ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉⵜ&quot;, ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1965). ⴷ ⴳ 1967, ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵖⵔ [[ⴼⵢⵉⵜⵏⴰⵎ|ⴼⵉⵜⵏⴰⵎ]], ⴷ ⵉⴼⵍ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵕⵥⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⴰⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⵙⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵓⵖⵍ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⴳ [[1970]].

== ⴰⵙⴷⵔⵎ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ==
ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⴷ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴷⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵉⵙⵙⴼⴰⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ - ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵙⴷⵔⵎ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ&quot; - ⴰⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⴰⴹⴰⵍⵓⵚ, ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⴹⵚⴰⵢ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⵜ. ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ &quot;ⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;« Kateb Yacine et le Théâtre de la mer à Alger [archive] », sur Le Matin d'Algérie (consulté le 1er octobre 2025)&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⴰ [[ⵇⴷⴷⵓⵕ ⵏⵄⵉⵎⵉ]] ⴳ [[ⵍⵇⴱⴱⴰ]] ⴳ 1971, ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵙⵙⴳⵎⴰ ⵜⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵙⵉⵙ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⴷⵏ ⴳ ⵇⴰⵃ ⵜⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴽⵔⴰⵣⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ.

ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵣⵡⵍⵏ ⴰⴷ: &quot;ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵇⵔⴰⴱ ⵏⵏⴽ&quot; (1971), &quot;ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ&quot; (1972), &quot;ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Guy Bruit, « Kateb Yacine, La Guerre de 2000 ans », Raison présente, vol. 147, no 1,‎ 2003, p. 144–147 (lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 1er octobre 2025)&lt;/ref&gt; (ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⴼⴼⵖ ⵜⵏⴱⵔⴰⵣⵜ ⵜⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⴳⵜ) ([[1974]]), &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ&quot; (1975) [ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ], ⴷ &quot;ⴼⵉⵍⵉⵙⵟⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵔⵔⴰⵙⵏ&quot; ([[1977]]). ⴷ ⴳⵔ 1972 ⴷ 1975, ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵇⵔⴰⴱ ⵏⵏⴽ&quot; ⴷ &quot;ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ&quot; ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ (GDR). ⴷ ⵡⴰⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵢⵓⴹⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ, ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵍⵇⴱⴱⴰ ⵖⵔ [[ⴱⴰⴱ ⵍⵡⴰⴷⵉ]]. 

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴳ 1978 ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵜ ⵖⵔ [[ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⴱⵍⵄⴱⴱⴰⵙ]] ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⴰⵏⵎⵏⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ. ⴷ ⵎⵉⵏⵣⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵓⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⵏⵖ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵙⵓⵔⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴽⵜⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵥⵓⵕ [[ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]] ⴷ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⴷⴷⴰⴷⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵎⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉⵢⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴰⵏⵏⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵜⴳⴰⴷⴷⴰ/ⵢⵉⵙⴽⵉⵍ ⴳⵔ ⵜⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ &lt;ref&gt;« Éternelle sacrifiée, la femme dès sa naissance est accueillie sans joie. Quand les filles se succèdent (…), cette naissance devient une malédiction. Jusqu'à son mariage, c'est une bombe à retardement qui met en danger l'honneur patriarcal. Elle sera donc recluse et vivra une vie secrête dans le monde souterrain des femmes. On n'entend pas la voix des femmes. C'est à peine un murmure. Le plus souvent c'est le silence. Un silence orageux. Car ce silence engendre le don de la parole. »
— Kateb Yacine, J'ai vu mourir l'étoile qui n'a brillé qu'une fois, dans Le Monde, Paris, 4 avril 1984&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵍⵙⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵉⵏ ⴰⴱⵔⴱⵓⵔ, ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⴽⴰ.

ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉⴱ ⵉⵙⵜⵉ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ. ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ, ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ. ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵓⵔ ⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⵓⵎ; ⵎⵉⵏⵣⵉ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵔⴳⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵖⵉⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵜⴰⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« On croirait aujourd'hui, en Algérie et dans le monde, que les Algériens parlent l'arabe. Moi-même, je le croyais, jusqu'au jour où je me suis perdu en Kabylie. Pour retrouver mon chemin, je me suis adressé à un paysan sur la route. Je lui ai parlé en arabe. Il m'a répondu en tamazight. Impossible de se comprendre. Ce dialogue de sourds m'a donné à réfléchir. Je me suis demandé si le paysan kabyle aurait dû parler arabe, ou si, au contraire, j'aurais dû parler tamazight, la première langue du pays depuis les temps préhistoriques... »
— Kateb Yacine, Les Ancêtres redoublent de férocité, Bouchène/Awal, Alger, 1990&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵏⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⵔⴰ ⵉ [[ⵎⵚⵟⴰⴼⴰ ⴱⵏⵅⵎⵎⵓ]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⴽⵉⴷⵙ ⵉⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⴹⵏ ⵙ [[ⴱⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ]] (ⴰⵎⴰⵔⵉⵔ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ [[ⵉⴷⵉⵔ]] ⵙ ⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ) ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵉ ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ. ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵜ ⵏⵉⵜ: ⴳ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵢⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵛⵏⴰ ⵢⵉⵣⵍⵉ ⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⵏ ⴽⵓ ⴰⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.
ⴷ ⴳ 1986, ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⵔⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵏⵉⵍⵙⵓⵏ ⵎⴰⵏⴷⵉⵍⴰ, ⴷ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⴳ [[1987]] ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⵉⵡⵉⵏ]]. ⴷ ⴳ [[1988]], ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵎⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴰⴼⵉⵏⵢⵓⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⴰⴱⵓⵕⵊⵡⴰⵣⵉ ⵎⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⵔⴱⴰⵢ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴳ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵕⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵚⵓ&quot; ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵕⴰⵙ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵎⵣⵣⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵜⵜⵓⵢ ⵉⵏⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ (ⵖⴼ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵚⴱⵉⵔ). ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴳ [[ⴼⵉⵔⵛⵉⵏⵉ]] (ⴷⵕⵓⵎ) ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵖⵔ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]], ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵉⵔⵣⴰⴼⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⵖⵔ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ. ⴷ ⵜⴳⵓⵍⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴼⵍ ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⵉⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵡⴰⴹ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⴳ ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1988. ⴷ ⴳ [[2003]], ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⴷⴼⵏⵜ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴽⵓⵎⵉⴷⵉⵜ-ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵥⵜ.

== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ==
* ''Les Fruits de la colère'', préface à Aît Djaffar, ''Complainte de la petite Yasmina''
* ''Les mille et une nuit de la révolution'', préface à Abdelhamid Benzine, ''La Plaine et la montagne''
* ''Les Ancêtres redoublent de férocité'', préface à Tassadit Yacine, &quot;[[Lounis Ait Menguellet]] chante…&quot;, textes berbères et français, Paris, La Découverte, 1989; Alger Bouchène/Awal, 1990 [dernier texte de Kateb Yacine, adressé à Tassadit Yacine le 29 septembre 1989, un mois avant sa mort]. 
* Kateb Yacine a également écrit plusieurs préfaces pour ses amis peintres, M'hamed Issiakhem (''Œil-de-lynx et les américains, trente-cinq années de l'enfer d'un peintre'') et [[Mohammed Khadda]].
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine, Pierre Bernard, et Habib Tengour.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ [[ⴱⵢⵉⵔ ⴱⵉⵔⵏⴰⵔⴷ]] ⴷ [[ⵃⴰⴱⵉⴱ ⵜⵏⴳⵓⵔ]].]]
* Jacqueline Arnaud, ''La Littérature maghrébine de langue française'', Paris, Publisud, 1986.
* Isidro Romero, ''Kateb Yacine, écrivain public'', entretien filmé, coll. &quot;Un certain Regard&quot;, Service de la recherche de l'ORTF / INA, 1971, 54 min, couleur.
* Jean Déjeux, ''Bibliographie méthodique et critique de la littérature algérienne de langue française 1945-1977'', SNED, Alger, 1979.
* Jean Déjeux, « Hommage Kateb Yacine écrivain de l'Algérie profonde », ''Hommes et Migrations'', nᵒ 1127, 1989, pp. 57-60. [https://www.persee.fr/doc/homig_1142-852x_1989_num_1127_1_1387 Lire en ligne].
* Jean Déjeux, ''Dictionnaire des auteurs maghrébins de langue française'', Paris, Éditions Karthala, 1984 (ISBN 2-86537-085-2).
* ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'' [avec une bibliographie détaillée de Jacqueline Arnaud], Kalim nᵒ 7, Alger, Office des Publications Universitaires, 1987, 264 p.
* Hassima Ould Amar, ''L’Exil dans « Le Polygone Étoilé » De KATEB Yacine'', mémoire de magister, Université Hadj Lakhdar.
* Ghania Khelifi, ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats et poèmes'', [chronologie et très nombreux documents], Alger, Enag Éditions, 1990, 136 p.
* Naget Khadda, ''Kateb Yacine - Une vie, Une œuvre'', Casablanca, Centre Culturel du Livre Édition/Distribution, 2020, 128 p.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Actes du colloque international de l'Université d'Alger en 1990, Alger, OPU, 1991.
* ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats de mémoire'', documents réunis par Olivier Corpet, Albert Dichy et Mireille Djaider, Éditions de l'IMEC, 1994, 80 p. (ISBN 2908295202).
* Joseph Le Coq, ''Kateb Yacine, le rebelle amoureux'', CBA, 1989.
* Saïd Tamba, ''Kateb Yacine'', coll. Poètes d'Aujourd'hui, Seghers, Paris, 1992.
* ''Anthologie de la littérature algérienne (1950-1987)'', introduction, choix, notices et commentaires de Charles Bonn, Le Livre de Poche, Paris, 1990 (ISBN 2-253-05309-0).
* Beïda Chikhi, ''L'Édifice métaphorique katébien'', dans ''Littérature algérienne, désir d'histoire et esthétique'', Paris, L'Harmattan, 1997.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Rue d'Alger, 1978.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵎⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷⴳ [[ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ]], ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵏⵖ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⵅⵎ]]]]
* Stéphane Gatti, ''Kateb Yacine, poète en trois langues'', documentaire, France, 2001. Production, La Parole errante.
* Sarah Baron, Swann Dubus, ''Le Cadavre encerclé de Kateb Yacine lu par Armand Gatti'', captation vidéo, France, 2003. Production: le Volcan/scène nationale du Havre. © La Parole errante.
* Benamar Mediene, ''Kateb Yacine, le cœur entre les dents'', Robert Laffont, Paris, 2006 (Préface de Gilles Perrault).
* Olivier Neveux, ''Théâtres en lutte. Le théâtre militant en France des années 1960 à aujourd'hui'', Paris, La Découverte, 2007.
* Beïda Chikhi et Anne Douaire-Banny, ''Kateb Yacine au cœur d'une histoire polygonale'', Rennes, PUR, 2014.
* Patrick Autréaux, « Kateb Yacine, la révolution dans la révolution », dans ''Les Lettres françaises'', nᵒ 169, 2019.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Collection « Classiques du monde », présentation Ismaël Abdoun, Fernand Nathan, Paris / SNED, Alger, 1986.
* ''Awal'', nᵒ 9, ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'', 1992.
== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
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{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ |ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ |ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
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      <text bytes="28429" sha1="5qeeq6le5uwj67nbqx2dik0wl3mmcjb" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ''', ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ '''ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Kateb Yacine)  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 2 [[ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵣⵖⴷⵓⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ]], ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 28 [[ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ]] [[1989]] ⴳ [[ⴳⵕⵓⵏⵓⴱⵍ]].

ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ, ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙⴳ 1949 ⴰⵔ 1951 - ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⵓⴷⵔⵜ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine family, Souk Ahras 1940s.jpg|thumb|left|184x184px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴳ [[1940]]]]
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴳ 25 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 1929 (ⵏⵖ ⴳ 2 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ) ⴳ ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ, ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ [[ⴰⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ|ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ]]. ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵡⵉⵜ]] &lt;ref&gt;Document généalogique familial indiquant l’origine de la famille Kateb à Bir Bou Haouch, wilaya de Souk Ahras (voir arbre généalogique conservé par la famille, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur dna.fr. »(Archive.org • Wikiwix • Que faire ?).&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;ref&gt;« Voir sur tamusni.tripod.com. », sur tripod.com via Internet Archive.&lt;/ref&gt; - ⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵙ]], ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵢⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, Nedjma (lire en ligne [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ])&lt;/ref&gt; -, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵉⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴼⴰⵀⵍⵉ, ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵃⵎⵎⴰⵎ ⵏⴱⴰⵢⵍ (ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴳⴰⵍⵎⴰ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵜⵉⵢⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴱⵏ ⴽⴱⵍⵓⵜ) &lt;ref&gt;La tribu des Beni Keblout fut l’objet de la part de l’armée française en 1852, notamment après la découverte des corps d’un couple français gisant dans une grotte, à Aïn Ghrour, pénates de la tribu. Cette tribu a une place centrale dans Nedjma.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, [[ⵚⴰⵍⵃ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵍⵇⴰⵙⵎ]], ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1874, ⵉⵎⴰ ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ &quot;[[ⴱⴰⵛ ⵄⴷⵍ]]&quot; (ⴰⵏⴱⴹⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⴱⴹⵓ) ⴳ ⴽⵓⵏⴷⵉ ⵙⵎⵏⴷⵓ (ⵖⵔⵉⵖⵓⵔ ⵡⴰⵙⴰ).

ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵜⵜⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ. ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵓⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ (ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⴽ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ &quot;ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴰⴷⵉⴱ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]) ⴳ 1934 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⵙⴷⵕⵡⴰⵜ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1935 ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ ⴳ ⵍⴰⴼⴰⵢⵉⵜ (ⴱⵓⵇⴰⵄⴰ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ, ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵟⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵔⵓⵅⵅⴰ), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵣⴷⵖ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ 1941, ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵙⵟⵉⴼ]]: ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴱⵉⵕⵟⵉⵏⵉ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴽⵔⵡⴰⵏⵉ]] ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ.
== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ==
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵓⵎⵉ ⵏⴽⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ [[1945]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵓⵍⵜⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵉⵍⵉⵛⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Kateb Yacine, le poète errant (1929-1989) [archive] », sur France Culture, 31 juillet 2016&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵔⴰⴼ ⵉ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ. ⴷ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵍⵓⵍ ⵜⴳⵯⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ «ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵚⵉⴹ» &lt;ref&gt;« Je suis né d'une mère folle très géniale. Elle était généreuse, simple, et des perles coulaient de ses lèvres. Je les ai recueillies sans savoir leur valeur. Après le massacre (8 mai 1945), je l'ai vue devenir folle. Elle, la source de tout. Elle se jetait dans le feu, partout où il y avait du feu. Ses jambes, ses bras, sa tête, n'étaient que brûlures. J'ai vécu ça, et je me suis lancé tout droit dans la folie d'un amour, impossible pour une cousine déjà mariée. »
— Kateb Yacine dans Ghania Khelifi, 1990, p. 13&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: «ⵀⴰⵜ ⵍⵓⵍⵖ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵉⵏⵓ, ⴳ 8 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1945. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵉⵏⵓ ⵕⵥⵎⵏⵜ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴽⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⴷ ⵎⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵔⵡⵍⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⵜⵍ, ⵎⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵉ, ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵃⴰⵏⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵉⵥⵕ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ. ⵉⵎⵎⴰ, ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵉⵏⵙⴰⵏ, ⵜⵣⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵍⴰⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ» &lt;ref&gt;Benamar Médiène, Kateb Yacine : le coeur entre les dents : biographie hétérodoxe, R. Laffont, 2006 (ISBN 2-221-10733-0 et 978-2-221-10733-1, OCLC 72758351, lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:KatebYacinePassport.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|[[ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ|ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴱⵓⵔ/ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ]] ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ.]]
ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ - ⴷ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵉⵀⵔⵛⵏ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴹ  ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ [[ⴱⵓⴷⵍⵉⵔ]] ⴷ [[ⵍⵓⵜⵔⵢⴰⵎⵓⵏ]] - ⵢⵓⵣⵏ ⵜ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵖⵔ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⴱⵓⵏⴰ (ⵄⵏⵏⴰⴱⴰ)|ⴱⵓⵏⴰ]] (ⵄⵏⵏⴰⴱⴰ). ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ&quot; (ⵜⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ), «ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵄⵎⵎⵜⵉⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⴰⵀⵍⵏ», ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⵔ «ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ», ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴳ 1946 ⵜⴰⴷⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ.

ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⴰⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ [[ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ|ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ]], [[ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ]] ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ.

== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ==
ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ [[ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ]], «ⴳ ⵢⵉⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵛⵛⵏ». ⴷ ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵏ [[ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ]], ⴳ ⵜⵣⵇⵇⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵖⴼ [[ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵔ|ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵔ]] &lt;ref&gt;Kateb Yacine, « Abdelkader et l'indépendance algérienne [archive] », sur altair.imarabe.org (consulté le 17 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵙ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵏⵊⵎⴰⵡ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ. ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵟⵕⵓⴱⵓⵍⵉⵜ, ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵊⵏⵡⵉ&quot; («ⴰⵔⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ») ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⵓ ⵎⵉⵔⴽⵓⵕ ⴷⵓ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙ&quot; (Le Mercure de France). ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⴳⵔ 1949 ⴷ 1951, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴰⵄⵓⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵙⵙⵓⴷⴰⵏ (ⵍⵅⵕⵟⵓⵎ). ⴷ ⵡⴰⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴷⵡⵍ, ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⵙ ⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ, ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵉⵏⵜⵍⵏ &quot;ⵙⴰⵄⵉⴷ ⵍⴰⵎⵔⵉ&quot;, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵏⴽⴽⴹ «ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴰⵢ» ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷⴰ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵥⵕⵏ ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⴽⴽⴰ|ⵎⴽⴽⴰ]].

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴳ 1950, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⴳ 1952. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴰⵔ 1959, ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵎⴰⵍⴽ ⵃⴷⴷⴰⴷ]], ⴷ ⵜⴷⵓⵙ ⵜⵣⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⵅⵎ]], ⴷ [[ⵓⵕⵎⴰⵏ ⴳⴰⵜⵉ]], ⴷ ⴳ 1954, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⴱⵉⵕⵜⵓⵍⵜ ⴱⵔⵉⵛⵜ]]. ⴷ ⴳ 1954, ⵜⴼⵙⵔ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵉⵙⴱⵔⵉ&quot; ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ «ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵇⵇⴰⵏⵏ» ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ [[ⵊⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵉⵕⵓ]], ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ.

ⵉⴼⴼⵖ ⴷ ⵡⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ &quot;ⵏⵊⵎⴰ&quot; ⴳ 1956 (ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⴽⵜⵉ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵖⴼⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵖⵔⵉ: «ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⴽⵔⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⴰ ⵎⴰⵏ. ⴷⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵖⵓⵔⵓⵏ ⵓⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ, ⵎⴰⵖ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵎ?»). ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ, ⴷ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵜⴹⴼⵕⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ, ⵉⴷⴷⵔ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ, ⴰⵏⴱⴳⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⴳ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]], [[ⴱⵍⵊⵉⴽⴰ|ⴱⵉⵍⵊⵉⴽⴰ]], [[ⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ]], [[ⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏ]], [[ⵢⵓⴳⵓⵙⵍⴰⴼⵢⴰ]], ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ|ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ]].

ⴳ 1962, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴳ ⵇⴰⵀⵉⵔⴰ, ⵢⵓⴹⴰ ⴷ ⴽⴰⵜⵉⴱ ⵖⵔ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴳⵔ 1963 ⴷ 1967 ⵉⵔⵣⴰⴼⵏ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵜⴰⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵢⴰⵔⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⴳⵔ 1954 ⴷ 1959 &lt;ref&gt;(en) Sbouai, Taïeb (1949-....). Auteur du texte, « &quot;La femme sauvage&quot; de Kateb Yacine : essai de lecture active suivi d'inédits / Taïeb Sbouaï ; préface de Kateb Yacine » [archive du 8 juin 2025], sur Gallica, 1985 (consulté le 27 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴳ 1963. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵙⵙⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;POIROT-DELPECH, « &quot; Les ancêtres redoublent de férocité&quot;, DE KATEB YACINE &quot; La Grande Imprécation devant les murs de la ville &quot; DE TANKRED DORST », Le Monde,‎ 28 janvier 1967 (ISSN 1950-6244, lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 27 septembre 2026)&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵏⵖⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵙⵜ&quot; ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴳ 1967 (ⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⵜ ⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴳ 1969). ⴷ ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⴳ 1964 ⴳ &quot;ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵖⴼ &quot;ⴰⵢⵜⵎⴰⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵖ ⵉⵀⵉⵏⴷⵉⵢⵏ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Publié en 1964, Nos frères les Indiens témoigne de l’élargissement des préoccupations de l’auteur à l’ensemble des opprimés du monde et de l’histoire.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵎⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵊⵓⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⴽ&quot; ⴰⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵊⴰⵏ ⴱⵓⵍ ⵚⴰⵕⵟⵕ|ⵊⴰⵏ ⴱⵓⵍ ⵙⴰⵕⵜⵕ]], ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵓⴹⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ ⴳ [[ⵍⴱⵍⵉⴷⴰ]] («ⵜⴰⵊⴷⴷⵉⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴱⵍⵉⴷⴰ», ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉⵜ&quot;, ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1965). ⴷ ⴳ 1967, ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵖⵔ [[ⴼⵢⵉⵜⵏⴰⵎ|ⴼⵉⵜⵏⴰⵎ]], ⴷ ⵉⴼⵍ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵕⵥⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⴰⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⵙⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵓⵖⵍ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⴳ [[1970]].

== ⴰⵙⴷⵔⵎ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ==
ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⴷ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴷⴳ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵉⵙⵙⴼⴰⵍ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ - ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵙⴷⵔⵎ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ&quot; - ⴰⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⴰⴹⴰⵍⵓⵚ, ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⴹⵚⴰⵢ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⵜ. ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ &quot;ⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;« Kateb Yacine et le Théâtre de la mer à Alger [archive] », sur Le Matin d'Algérie (consulté le 1er octobre 2025)&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⴰ [[ⵇⴷⴷⵓⵕ ⵏⵄⵉⵎⵉ]] ⴳ [[ⵍⵇⴱⴱⴰ]] ⴳ 1971, ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵙⵙⴳⵎⴰ ⵜⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵙⵉⵙ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⴷⵏ ⴳ ⵇⴰⵃ ⵜⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴽⵔⴰⵣⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ.

ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵣⵡⵍⵏ ⴰⴷ: &quot;ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵇⵔⴰⴱ ⵏⵏⴽ&quot; (1971), &quot;ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ&quot; (1972), &quot;ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Guy Bruit, « Kateb Yacine, La Guerre de 2000 ans », Raison présente, vol. 147, no 1,‎ 2003, p. 144–147 (lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 1er octobre 2025)&lt;/ref&gt; (ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⴼⴼⵖ ⵜⵏⴱⵔⴰⵣⵜ ⵜⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⴳⵜ) ([[1974]]), &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ&quot; (1975) [ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ], ⴷ &quot;ⴼⵉⵍⵉⵙⵟⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵔⵔⴰⵙⵏ&quot; ([[1977]]). ⴷ ⴳⵔ 1972 ⴷ 1975, ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵇⵔⴰⴱ ⵏⵏⴽ&quot; ⴷ &quot;ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ&quot; ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ (GDR). ⴷ ⵡⴰⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵢⵓⴹⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ, ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵍⵇⴱⴱⴰ ⵖⵔ [[ⴱⴰⴱ ⵍⵡⴰⴷⵉ]]. 

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴳ 1978 ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵜ ⵖⵔ [[ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⴱⵍⵄⴱⴱⴰⵙ]] ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⴰⵏⵎⵏⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ. ⴷ ⵎⵉⵏⵣⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵓⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⵏⵖ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵙⵓⵔⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴽⵜⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵥⵓⵕ [[ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]] ⴷ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⴷⴷⴰⴷⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵎⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉⵢⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴰⵏⵏⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵜⴳⴰⴷⴷⴰ/ⵢⵉⵙⴽⵉⵍ ⴳⵔ ⵜⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ &lt;ref&gt;« Éternelle sacrifiée, la femme dès sa naissance est accueillie sans joie. Quand les filles se succèdent (…), cette naissance devient une malédiction. Jusqu'à son mariage, c'est une bombe à retardement qui met en danger l'honneur patriarcal. Elle sera donc recluse et vivra une vie secrête dans le monde souterrain des femmes. On n'entend pas la voix des femmes. C'est à peine un murmure. Le plus souvent c'est le silence. Un silence orageux. Car ce silence engendre le don de la parole. »
— Kateb Yacine, J'ai vu mourir l'étoile qui n'a brillé qu'une fois, dans Le Monde, Paris, 4 avril 1984&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵍⵙⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵉⵏ ⴰⴱⵔⴱⵓⵔ, ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⴽⴰ.

ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉⴱ ⵉⵙⵜⵉ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ. ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ, ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ. ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵓⵔ ⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⵓⵎ; ⵎⵉⵏⵣⵉ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵔⴳⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵖⵉⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵜⴰⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« On croirait aujourd'hui, en Algérie et dans le monde, que les Algériens parlent l'arabe. Moi-même, je le croyais, jusqu'au jour où je me suis perdu en Kabylie. Pour retrouver mon chemin, je me suis adressé à un paysan sur la route. Je lui ai parlé en arabe. Il m'a répondu en tamazight. Impossible de se comprendre. Ce dialogue de sourds m'a donné à réfléchir. Je me suis demandé si le paysan kabyle aurait dû parler arabe, ou si, au contraire, j'aurais dû parler tamazight, la première langue du pays depuis les temps préhistoriques... »
— Kateb Yacine, Les Ancêtres redoublent de férocité, Bouchène/Awal, Alger, 1990&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵏⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⵔⴰ ⵉ [[ⵎⵚⵟⴰⴼⴰ ⴱⵏⵅⵎⵎⵓ]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⴽⵉⴷⵙ ⵉⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⴹⵏ ⵙ [[ⴱⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ]] (ⴰⵎⴰⵔⵉⵔ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ [[ⵉⴷⵉⵔ]] ⵙ ⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ) ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵉ ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ. ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵜ ⵏⵉⵜ: ⴳ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵢⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵛⵏⴰ ⵢⵉⵣⵍⵉ ⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⵏ ⴽⵓ ⴰⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ.
ⴷ ⴳ 1986, ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⵔⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵏⵉⵍⵙⵓⵏ ⵎⴰⵏⴷⵉⵍⴰ, ⴷ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⴳ [[1987]] ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⵉⵡⵉⵏ]]. ⴷ ⴳ [[1988]], ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵎⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴰⴼⵉⵏⵢⵓⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⴰⴱⵓⵕⵊⵡⴰⵣⵉ ⵎⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⵔⴱⴰⵢ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴳ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵕⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵚⵓ&quot; ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵕⴰⵙ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵎⵣⵣⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵜⵜⵓⵢ ⵉⵏⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ (ⵖⴼ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵚⴱⵉⵔ). ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴳ [[ⴼⵉⵔⵛⵉⵏⵉ]] (ⴷⵕⵓⵎ) ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵖⵔ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]], ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵉⵔⵣⴰⴼⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⵖⵔ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ. ⴷ ⵜⴳⵓⵍⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴼⵍ ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⵉⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵡⴰⴹ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⴳ ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1988. ⴷ ⴳ [[2003]], ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⴷⴼⵏⵜ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴽⵓⵎⵉⴷⵉⵜ-ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵥⵜ.

== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Kateb Yacine, Pierre Bernard, et Habib Tengour.jpg|thumb|229x229px|ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ [[ⴱⵢⵉⵔ ⴱⵉⵔⵏⴰⵔⴷ]] ⴷ [[ⵃⴰⴱⵉⴱ ⵜⵏⴳⵓⵔ]].]]
* ''Les Fruits de la colère'', préface à Aît Djaffar, ''Complainte de la petite Yasmina''
* ''Les mille et une nuit de la révolution'', préface à Abdelhamid Benzine, ''La Plaine et la montagne''
* ''Les Ancêtres redoublent de férocité'', préface à Tassadit Yacine, &quot;[[Lounis Ait Menguellet]] chante…&quot;, textes berbères et français, Paris, La Découverte, 1989; Alger Bouchène/Awal, 1990 [dernier texte de Kateb Yacine, adressé à Tassadit Yacine le 29 septembre 1989, un mois avant sa mort]. 
* Kateb Yacine a également écrit plusieurs préfaces pour ses amis peintres, M'hamed Issiakhem (''Œil-de-lynx et les américains, trente-cinq années de l'enfer d'un peintre'') et [[Mohammed Khadda]].
== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==
* Jacqueline Arnaud, ''La Littérature maghrébine de langue française'', Paris, Publisud, 1986.
* Isidro Romero, ''Kateb Yacine, écrivain public'', entretien filmé, coll. &quot;Un certain Regard&quot;, Service de la recherche de l'ORTF / INA, 1971, 54 min, couleur.
* Jean Déjeux, ''Bibliographie méthodique et critique de la littérature algérienne de langue française 1945-1977'', SNED, Alger, 1979.
* Jean Déjeux, « Hommage Kateb Yacine écrivain de l'Algérie profonde », ''Hommes et Migrations'', nᵒ 1127, 1989, pp. 57-60. [https://www.persee.fr/doc/homig_1142-852x_1989_num_1127_1_1387 Lire en ligne].
* Jean Déjeux, ''Dictionnaire des auteurs maghrébins de langue française'', Paris, Éditions Karthala, 1984 (ISBN 2-86537-085-2).
* ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'' [avec une bibliographie détaillée de Jacqueline Arnaud], Kalim nᵒ 7, Alger, Office des Publications Universitaires, 1987, 264 p.
* Hassima Ould Amar, ''L’Exil dans « Le Polygone Étoilé » De KATEB Yacine'', mémoire de magister, Université Hadj Lakhdar.
* Ghania Khelifi, ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats et poèmes'', [chronologie et très nombreux documents], Alger, Enag Éditions, 1990, 136 p.
* Naget Khadda, ''Kateb Yacine - Une vie, Une œuvre'', Casablanca, Centre Culturel du Livre Édition/Distribution, 2020, 128 p.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Actes du colloque international de l'Université d'Alger en 1990, Alger, OPU, 1991.
* ''Kateb Yacine, Éclats de mémoire'', documents réunis par Olivier Corpet, Albert Dichy et Mireille Djaider, Éditions de l'IMEC, 1994, 80 p. (ISBN 2908295202).
* Joseph Le Coq, ''Kateb Yacine, le rebelle amoureux'', CBA, 1989.
* Saïd Tamba, ''Kateb Yacine'', coll. Poètes d'Aujourd'hui, Seghers, Paris, 1992.
* ''Anthologie de la littérature algérienne (1950-1987)'', introduction, choix, notices et commentaires de Charles Bonn, Le Livre de Poche, Paris, 1990 (ISBN 2-253-05309-0).
* Beïda Chikhi, ''L'Édifice métaphorique katébien'', dans ''Littérature algérienne, désir d'histoire et esthétique'', Paris, L'Harmattan, 1997.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Rue d'Alger, 1978.jpg|thumb|210x210px|ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵎⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷⴳ [[ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ]], ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵏⵖ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⵅⵎ]]]]
* Stéphane Gatti, ''Kateb Yacine, poète en trois langues'', documentaire, France, 2001. Production, La Parole errante.
* Sarah Baron, Swann Dubus, ''Le Cadavre encerclé de Kateb Yacine lu par Armand Gatti'', captation vidéo, France, 2003. Production: le Volcan/scène nationale du Havre. © La Parole errante.
* Benamar Mediene, ''Kateb Yacine, le cœur entre les dents'', Robert Laffont, Paris, 2006 (Préface de Gilles Perrault).
* Olivier Neveux, ''Théâtres en lutte. Le théâtre militant en France des années 1960 à aujourd'hui'', Paris, La Découverte, 2007.
* Beïda Chikhi et Anne Douaire-Banny, ''Kateb Yacine au cœur d'une histoire polygonale'', Rennes, PUR, 2014.
* Patrick Autréaux, « Kateb Yacine, la révolution dans la révolution », dans ''Les Lettres françaises'', nᵒ 169, 2019.
* ''Kateb Yacine'', Collection « Classiques du monde », présentation Ismaël Abdoun, Fernand Nathan, Paris / SNED, Alger, 1986.
* ''Awal'', nᵒ 9, ''Hommage à Kateb Yacine'', 1992.
== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==

* [[ⴽⴰⵜⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⴹⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ |ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ |ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
      <sha1>5qeeq6le5uwj67nbqx2dik0wl3mmcjb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1706</id>
    <revision>
      <id>197887</id>
      <parentid>178057</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-27T12:59:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Abdelhaque Id Ali</username>
        <id>79</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* */ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⵏ ⵉⵎⵥⵥⵉⵢⵏ.</comment>
      <origin>197887</origin>
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      <text bytes="10191" sha1="tnshat3kexcc25n469nlx6c3thd2fxn" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ
| ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ = [[ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ]], [[ⵚⴱⴰⵏⵢⴰ]], [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⵓⴼⵜ]], [[ⵎⵓⵔⵉⵜⴰⵏⵢⴰ]] ⴷ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙⵉ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙⵉ]] ⴳ ⵜⴰⴳⵓⵜ
}}
{{ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ}}
'''ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ'''&lt;ref&gt;{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |title=ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵍⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ |url=http://www.sgg.gov.ma/tifinagh/LeSGG.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250326140721/http://www.sgg.gov.ma/tifinagh/LeSGG.aspx |archive-date=2025-03-26 |access-date=2026-01-14 |website=www.sgg.gov.ma |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |title={{!}} Chef du Gouvernement - Royaume du Maroc |url=https://www.cg.gov.ma/amz |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920103027/https://www.cg.gov.ma/amz |archive-date=2023-09-20 |access-date=2026-01-14 |website=www.cg.gov.ma}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |title=ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ {{!}} ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ |url=https://www.ircam.ma:443/amz/edition/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%B7%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%94-%E2%B5%8F-%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B3%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B7%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%9C-%E2%B5%8F-%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%96%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%B1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250504103243/https://www.ircam.ma/amz/edition/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%B7%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%94-%E2%B5%8F-%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B3%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B7%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%9C-%E2%B5%8F-%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%96%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%B1 |archive-date=2025-05-04 |access-date=2026-03-13 |website=www.ircam.ma}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ |last=FADLI Taibi, archos technology |title=ⴰⵙⵉⴳⴳⵍ |url=https://www.mapnews.ma/am/search/node/%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%96%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%B1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250109233739/https://www.mapnews.ma/am/search/node/%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%96%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%B1 |archive-date=2025-01-09 |access-date=2026-01-14 |work=MAPNews |language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⵓⵔⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ''' ⵏⵖ '''ⴰⵎⵕⵕⵓⴽ;''' ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ: '''ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ,''' «ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]: ''المملكة المغربية».'' ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ ⵏ [[ⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵢⴰ|ⵜⴼⵔⵉⵇⵜ]] ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵖⴰ|ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵖⴰ]]. ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ|ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⴷⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⴰ|ⵜⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⵜ]], [[ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ]] ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⵟ]], ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ [[ⴰⵏⴼⴰ|ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ (ⵜⴰⴷⴷⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵍⵍⴰⵍⵜ)]].

== ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰⵥⵖⵓⵕⵜ ==
* '''ⵎⵓⵔⴰⴽⵓⵛ''' ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵏⵏⵉⵜ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ|ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]] '''ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ''', ⵜⴰⵡⵏⵏⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴼⴽⴰ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ [[ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ]].
* '''ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ''' ⵉⴳⴰ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⵏⵙⵍⵎ ⵏⵖ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⵇⵇⴱⵓⵔ.

== ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵙ ⵓⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⴳ ==
ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⴷ ⵓⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⴷⴳ [[ⵜⵉⵎⵜⵜⴰ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵜⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]] ⵙⴳ 1956 ⴷ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵏ ⵙⴳ 1958 ⴷ ⵜⵙⵎⵉⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴰⵎⴱⵢⴰⴷ ⴳ 1959 ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵎⵏ ⴳ 1969 ⴷ, ⵜⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⴰⵏⵙⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⴳ 1981 ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵖⴰ ⴳ 1989 ⴷ ⵜⴰⵔⴱⵉⵄⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⴳ 1995 ⴷ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵙⴰⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵙⴰ (77) ⵣⵉ 2003 ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵓⵎⵓⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⵟⵍⴰⵏⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵣⵉ 2004 ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵉ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵣⵉ 2008 ⵎⴰⵎⵛ ⴳⴳⵉⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⴰⵎⵎ ⵓⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴷⵓⵎⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰ ⵉⴹⴼⴰⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⵣⵉ ⵢⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 2012 ⴰⵔ ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2013 .

== ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵣⵉⴽⴽ ==
ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓ ⴷⵉ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴳⴳⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ ⴰⵎⵍⵍⴰⵍ  ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ, ⵢⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵎⵓⵔⵉⵟⴰⵏⵢⴰ, ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴱⴹⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ 40 ⴰⵔ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵍⴷⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⴷⵉ ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ''ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⵜ''.

*ⴰⵣⵎⵣ ⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔ
ⵉⵙⵙⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⴳ ⵉⵣⵎⴰⵣ ⵉⵇⴱⵓⵔⵏ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴰⵎⵎ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵛⵓⵔⵉⵜ ( 700.000 ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ), ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵙⵜⵉⵔⵉⵜ (120.000 40.000 ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵄⵉⵙⴰ), ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵄⴰⵜⵉⵔⵉⵜ( 20.000 40.000 ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ), ⴷ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴱⵔⵓⵎⵓⵔⵉⵣⵉⵜ (21.000 ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ).

*ⴰⵣⵎⵣ ⴰⴽⵍⴰⵙⵉⴽⵉ
ⴳ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⴰⴽⵍⴰⵙⵉⴽⵉ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵉⴼⵉⵏⵉⵇⵏ (ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ) , ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⵓⴱⵓⵏⵉⵇⵜ (ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜⵉⵜ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵓⵙ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵄⵉⵙⴰ), ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⵜ (ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜⵉⵜ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ) , ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵔⵓⵎⴰⵏⵏ ( ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ) .
=== ⵜⵉⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ===
01  : ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⵊⵉⵙ ⵜⵉⵟⵟⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵍⵃⵓⵙⵉⵎⴰ&lt;br /&gt;02  : ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ&lt;br /&gt;03  : ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴼⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⴽⵏⴰⵙ&lt;br /&gt;04  : ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵕⴱⴰⵟ ⵙⵍⴰ ⵇⵏⵉⵟⵕⴰ

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ, ⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⵖⵉⴼⵙ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵙⴳ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⵖⵉⴼⵙ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⵚⵕⵉⵢⵏ, ⵉⴳⵔⵉⴽⵏ, ⵉⴼⵉⵏⵉⵇⵏ, ⵉⵔⵓⵎⴰⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵍⵎⵏ. ⴽⵓ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ, ⴽⵓ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⴽⵓ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⵉⵕⵓⵎⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵉ ⵉⵕⵓⵎⵉⵏ, ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵍⵎⵏ ⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⵏⵉ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵉ ⵢⴰⵎⴰⵏ, ⵉⴼⵉⵏⵉⵇⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵉ ⴰⵛⴰⵎ, ⵎⴰⵛ ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙ ⵉⵡⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵓⵔ ⵜⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⵉ ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉ ⵓⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ, ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⵇⴱⵓⵕⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵣⵔⵉⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵉⵡⵉⵏ, ⵉⴳⴰⵏ:
*ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵛⵓⵍⵉⵏⵉⵜ
*ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵙⵜⵉⵔⵉⵜ
*ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵄⴰⵜⵉⵔⵉⵜ
*ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⴱⵔⵓⵎⵓⵔⵉⵣⵉⵜ
*ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⴽⴰⵔⴷⵉⵏⴰⵍⵉⵢⵜ
*ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵊⵉⵔⵙⵉⵜ
*ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵇⴰⴱⵚⵉⵜ
*ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ
*ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⵜ
*ⵉⴱⴰⴽⴰⵡⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵔⵉⵢⵏ
*ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ
*ⵉⴱⵓⵔⵖⵡⴰⵟⵏ
*ⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⴽⴽⵓⵕ
*ⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⴷⵔⴰⵔ
*ⴰⵢⵜ ⴷⵔⵉⵙ
*ⵉⵎⵕⴰⴱⴹⵏ
*ⵉⵎⵡⴰⵃⵃⴷⵉⵢⵏ
*ⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⵔⵉⵏ
*ⵉⵡⵟⵟⴰⵚⵏ
*ⵉⵙⵄⴷⵉⵢⵏ
*ⵉⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉⵢⵏ

== ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵜ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ|ⵜⵉⵎⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵢⴰ}}
{{ⵜⵉⵎⴷⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ}}
{{ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
{{ⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ |ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ}}</text>
      <sha1>tnshat3kexcc25n469nlx6c3thd2fxn</sha1>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-27T13:02:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Abdelhaque Id Ali</username>
        <id>79</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰⵥⵖⵓⵕⵜ */ ⴰⴱⴷⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ ⴷ ⴰⵙⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ &quot;ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ&quot;.</comment>
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      <text bytes="10328" sha1="hjp2rio88cix76rm0xj89qii0idsbke" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ
| ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ = [[ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ]], [[ⵚⴱⴰⵏⵢⴰ]], [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⵓⴼⵜ]], [[ⵎⵓⵔⵉⵜⴰⵏⵢⴰ]] ⴷ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙⵉ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙⵉ]] ⴳ ⵜⴰⴳⵓⵜ
}}
{{ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ}}
'''ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ'''&lt;ref&gt;{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |title=ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵍⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ |url=http://www.sgg.gov.ma/tifinagh/LeSGG.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250326140721/http://www.sgg.gov.ma/tifinagh/LeSGG.aspx |archive-date=2025-03-26 |access-date=2026-01-14 |website=www.sgg.gov.ma |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |title={{!}} Chef du Gouvernement - Royaume du Maroc |url=https://www.cg.gov.ma/amz |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920103027/https://www.cg.gov.ma/amz |archive-date=2023-09-20 |access-date=2026-01-14 |website=www.cg.gov.ma}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |title=ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ {{!}} ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ |url=https://www.ircam.ma:443/amz/edition/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%B7%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%94-%E2%B5%8F-%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B3%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B7%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%9C-%E2%B5%8F-%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%96%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%B1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250504103243/https://www.ircam.ma/amz/edition/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%B7%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%94-%E2%B5%8F-%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B3%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B7%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%9C-%E2%B5%8F-%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%96%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%B1 |archive-date=2025-05-04 |access-date=2026-03-13 |website=www.ircam.ma}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ |last=FADLI Taibi, archos technology |title=ⴰⵙⵉⴳⴳⵍ |url=https://www.mapnews.ma/am/search/node/%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%96%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%B1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250109233739/https://www.mapnews.ma/am/search/node/%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%96%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%B1 |archive-date=2025-01-09 |access-date=2026-01-14 |work=MAPNews |language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⵓⵔⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ''' ⵏⵖ '''ⴰⵎⵕⵕⵓⴽ;''' ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ: '''ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ,''' «ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]: ''المملكة المغربية».'' ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ ⵏ [[ⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵢⴰ|ⵜⴼⵔⵉⵇⵜ]] ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵖⴰ|ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵖⴰ]]. ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ|ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⴷⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⴰ|ⵜⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⵜ]], [[ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ]] ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⵟ]], ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ [[ⴰⵏⴼⴰ|ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ (ⵜⴰⴷⴷⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵍⵍⴰⵍⵜ)]].

== ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰⵥⵖⵓⵕⵜ ==
* '''ⵎⵓⵔⴰⴽⵓⵛ''' ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⴳⵣⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵏⵏⵉⵜ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ|ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]] '''ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ''', ⵜⴰⵡⵏⵏⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴼⴽⴰ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ [[ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ]].
* '''ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ''' ⵉⴳⴰ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ]] ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⵏⵙⵍⵎ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔ. ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ.

== ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵙ ⵓⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⴳ ==
ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⴷ ⵓⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⴷⴳ [[ⵜⵉⵎⵜⵜⴰ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵜⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]] ⵙⴳ 1956 ⴷ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵏ ⵙⴳ 1958 ⴷ ⵜⵙⵎⵉⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴰⵎⴱⵢⴰⴷ ⴳ 1959 ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵎⵏ ⴳ 1969 ⴷ, ⵜⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⴰⵏⵙⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⴳ 1981 ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵖⴰ ⴳ 1989 ⴷ ⵜⴰⵔⴱⵉⵄⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⴳ 1995 ⴷ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵙⴰⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵙⴰ (77) ⵣⵉ 2003 ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵓⵎⵓⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⵟⵍⴰⵏⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵣⵉ 2004 ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵉ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵣⵉ 2008 ⵎⴰⵎⵛ ⴳⴳⵉⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⴰⵎⵎ ⵓⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴷⵓⵎⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰ ⵉⴹⴼⴰⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⵣⵉ ⵢⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 2012 ⴰⵔ ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2013 .

== ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵣⵉⴽⴽ ==
ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓ ⴷⵉ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴳⴳⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ ⴰⵎⵍⵍⴰⵍ  ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ, ⵢⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵎⵓⵔⵉⵟⴰⵏⵢⴰ, ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴱⴹⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ 40 ⴰⵔ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵍⴷⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⴷⵉ ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ''ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⵜ''.

*ⴰⵣⵎⵣ ⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔ
ⵉⵙⵙⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⴳ ⵉⵣⵎⴰⵣ ⵉⵇⴱⵓⵔⵏ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴰⵎⵎ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵛⵓⵔⵉⵜ ( 700.000 ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ), ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵙⵜⵉⵔⵉⵜ (120.000 40.000 ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵄⵉⵙⴰ), ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵄⴰⵜⵉⵔⵉⵜ( 20.000 40.000 ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ), ⴷ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴱⵔⵓⵎⵓⵔⵉⵣⵉⵜ (21.000 ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ).

*ⴰⵣⵎⵣ ⴰⴽⵍⴰⵙⵉⴽⵉ
ⴳ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⴰⴽⵍⴰⵙⵉⴽⵉ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵉⴼⵉⵏⵉⵇⵏ (ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ) , ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⵓⴱⵓⵏⵉⵇⵜ (ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜⵉⵜ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵓⵙ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵄⵉⵙⴰ), ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⵜ (ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜⵉⵜ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ) , ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵔⵓⵎⴰⵏⵏ ( ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ) .
=== ⵜⵉⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ===
01  : ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⵊⵉⵙ ⵜⵉⵟⵟⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵍⵃⵓⵙⵉⵎⴰ&lt;br /&gt;02  : ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ&lt;br /&gt;03  : ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴼⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⴽⵏⴰⵙ&lt;br /&gt;04  : ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵕⴱⴰⵟ ⵙⵍⴰ ⵇⵏⵉⵟⵕⴰ

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ, ⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⵖⵉⴼⵙ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵙⴳ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⵖⵉⴼⵙ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⵚⵕⵉⵢⵏ, ⵉⴳⵔⵉⴽⵏ, ⵉⴼⵉⵏⵉⵇⵏ, ⵉⵔⵓⵎⴰⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵍⵎⵏ. ⴽⵓ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ, ⴽⵓ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⴽⵓ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⵉⵕⵓⵎⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵉ ⵉⵕⵓⵎⵉⵏ, ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵍⵎⵏ ⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⵏⵉ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵉ ⵢⴰⵎⴰⵏ, ⵉⴼⵉⵏⵉⵇⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵉ ⴰⵛⴰⵎ, ⵎⴰⵛ ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙ ⵉⵡⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵓⵔ ⵜⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⵉ ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉ ⵓⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ, ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⵇⴱⵓⵕⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵣⵔⵉⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵉⵡⵉⵏ, ⵉⴳⴰⵏ:
*ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵛⵓⵍⵉⵏⵉⵜ
*ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵙⵜⵉⵔⵉⵜ
*ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵄⴰⵜⵉⵔⵉⵜ
*ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⴱⵔⵓⵎⵓⵔⵉⵣⵉⵜ
*ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⴽⴰⵔⴷⵉⵏⴰⵍⵉⵢⵜ
*ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵊⵉⵔⵙⵉⵜ
*ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵇⴰⴱⵚⵉⵜ
*ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ
*ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⵜ
*ⵉⴱⴰⴽⴰⵡⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵔⵉⵢⵏ
*ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ
*ⵉⴱⵓⵔⵖⵡⴰⵟⵏ
*ⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⴽⴽⵓⵕ
*ⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⴷⵔⴰⵔ
*ⴰⵢⵜ ⴷⵔⵉⵙ
*ⵉⵎⵕⴰⴱⴹⵏ
*ⵉⵎⵡⴰⵃⵃⴷⵉⵢⵏ
*ⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⵔⵉⵏ
*ⵉⵡⵟⵟⴰⵚⵏ
*ⵉⵙⵄⴷⵉⵢⵏ
*ⵉⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉⵢⵏ

== ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵜ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ|ⵜⵉⵎⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵢⴰ}}
{{ⵜⵉⵎⴷⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ}}
{{ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
{{ⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ |ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ}}</text>
      <sha1>hjp2rio88cix76rm0xj89qii0idsbke</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵉⵜ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2199</id>
    <revision>
      <id>197939</id>
      <parentid>197520</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-28T05:41:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ZacharyB</username>
        <id>38</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>197939</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7676" sha1="im00uehhcpmcmpy2lpyd4bdet40q2it" xml:space="preserve">{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴳⵓⵔⵜ}}{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ
| ⴰⵣⵡⵍ =ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵉⵜ
| ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ = ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ ⵏ ⴰⵙⵢⴰ
| ⵜⵉⵎⵓⵔⴰ = ⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵢⴰ ⴷ ⴱⵕⵓⵏⴰⵕⵉ ⴷ ⵙⴰⵏⵖⴰⴼⵓⵔⴰ
| ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ = ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍⵏ ⴰⵊⴰⵡⵉⵢⵉⵜⵏ 
| ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴷⵉⵙ = 
| ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴷⵉⵙ =
&lt;!-- ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ --&gt; 
| ⴰⵣⵡⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⵍⴰⵏ = Bahasa Melayu
| ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ = 
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ = 
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ = 
| ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ = 
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ = 
| ⴰⵎⵥⵕⴰⴳ = 
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ = 
| ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏ = 
| ⵜⵉⴼⵉⴼⵖⵜ = 
&lt;!-- ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ --&gt; 
| ⵉⵎⵔⵙⵉ = 
| ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ = ⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵢⴰ
======  ======
| ⵜⵙⵡⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ = 
| ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵙⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵙⴳ = 
| ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ ⵉ = 
| ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ = 
&lt;!-- ⵜⴰⵏⴽⴷⴰ --&gt; 
| ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⴳⴳⵣ = 
| ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵯⵣⵎⴰⵏ = 
| ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ = 
| ⴰⵙⵖⴰⵍ = 
| ⴰⵙⵜⴰⵍ = 
&lt;!-- ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ --&gt; 
| ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ = 
| ⴰⵎⵙⵡⵍⴼ = 
| ⴰⵎⵙⴰⴳⴳⵯ = 
| ⴰⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵖⴰⵎⵓⵙ = 
| ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⵏⵖ = 
| ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ ⵢⴰⵍⵍⴼⵓⵙⵏ = 
| ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵡⵓⵔⵜ = 
| ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴳⴰⵍⵜ = 
&lt;!-- ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ --&gt; 
| ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⵖⵍ= 
| ⴰⵎⵥⵕⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ = 
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ = 
| ISBN ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ = 
| ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ ⴳ ⴳⵓⴷⵔⵉⴷⵣ = 
&lt;!-- ⵉⵙⵖⵡⴰⵏ --&gt; 
| ISBN = 
| ISBN2 = 
| ⵓⴽⵍⵙ= &lt;!-- OCLC --&gt; 
| ⴳⵓⴷⵔⵉⴷⵣ = &lt;!-- Goodreads --&gt; 
| ⴷⵉⵡⵉ = &lt;!-- Dewey --&gt; 
| ⴰⴽⵓⵏⴳⵔⵉⵙ = &lt;!-- congress --&gt; 
| ⵡⵉⴽⵉⵙⴰⴳⵎ = 
| ⴰⵙⵉⵜ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ = 
&lt;!-- ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉ--&gt; 
| ⵉⴷⵍⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴰⵢ = 
| ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉ = 
| ⴰⵎⴹⴼⵓⵕ = 
| ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ = 
}}
==ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵉⵢⵜ ==

'''ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵉⵜ'''  ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ Bahasa Melayu, ⵜⴳⴰ 
ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⵜⵕⵓⵏⵉⵣⵉⵜ, ⵜⵏⵟⵟⴻⴹ ⵙ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢⵏ. ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱⵜ ⴳ ⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵢⴰ, ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓ, ⴰⵙⵙⵍⵎⴷ, ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵡⴹ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⴻⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ.

== ⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ == 

ⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⵉⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵖⵔ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⴰⵢ ⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔ ⴳ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵍⴰⵢ  ⵏ ⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⵎⵉⵏⵣⵉ ⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ  ⴷ ⵓⵙⴱⴰⴷⵓ ⴰⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱ  ⴳⵔ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵎⴳⴰⵔⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ. ⵎⵙⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵢⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵍⵡⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ, ⵉⴳ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵉⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ  ⵓⵙⵉⵔⵎ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ ⴰⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⴷⴼⵔⵏⵉⵏ.

== ⴰⴱⵟⵟⵓ ⴰⵊⵖⵔⴰⴼⵉ ==

ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵢⴰ, ⵜⵙⵄⴰ ⴰⵡⴷ ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱ ⴳ ⴱⵔⵓⵏⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵙⵏⵖⴰⴼⵓⵔⴰ. ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵖⵏ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ, ⵉⵍⵓⵏⵜ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ, ⴰⵙⵙⵓⵙⴼ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⵍⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵙⵓⵙⵏ.

== ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ==

ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍⵏ ⵉⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵓⵙⵙⵉⵙⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ &quot;ⵔⵓⵎⵉ&quot;, ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵊⴰⵡⵉⵜ, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ &quot;ⵊⴰⵡⵉ&quot;, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵚⴽⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍⵏ ⵉⵄⵕⴰⴱⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵃⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵎⵙⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵉⵜ. ⵜⵙⵄⴰ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵊⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ , ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ.

== ⵜⵉⵎⵥⵍⴰⵢ ⵜⵉⵏⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ==

ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵍⴳⴰⵎⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵜⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵉⵜ ⴳ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵯⵎⵎⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵎⴰⵏⵜ  ⴳ ⵓⵙⵙⵉⵙ ⴰⵏⵜⵍⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ. ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴰⵡⵉ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⴳⴳⵉⵙⵉⵏ, ⵉⵎⴽⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵥⵍⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵜⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱⵉⵏ.

== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⴼⵍⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵏⵎⵎⴰⵍⵜ ==

ⵜⵙⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵜⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵙⵜ 152 ⴳ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵉⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ, ⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1967 ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ-ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴱⴰⴹⵉⵏ, ⴰⵙⵎⴷⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⴳⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵡⴹ, ⵙ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⴼⵓⵖ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵉ, ⴰⵎ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵛⵉⵏⵡⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵜⵉⵢⵉⵏ, ⵜⴰⵜⴰⵎⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵉⵜ.

==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ== 
# Numbered list itemⴰⵙⴰⴳⵔ ⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵢⴰ, ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱ
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ}}
# Hiroki Nomoto وHooi Ling Soh، “Malay”، فصل أكاديمي حول اللغة الملايوية، ضمن كتاب The Mainland Southeast Asia Linguistic Area، منشورات De Gruyter. النص الأكاديمي# 
# لأرشيف الوطني الماليزي، Persada Kegemilangan Bahasa Melayu</text>
      <sha1>im00uehhcpmcmpy2lpyd4bdet40q2it</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Params</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>5490</id>
    <revision>
      <id>197917</id>
      <parentid>197274</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-27T22:32:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Grufo</username>
        <id>1753</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Update from [[d:Special:GoToLinkedPage/mediawikiwiki/Q122696746|master]] using [[mw:Synchronizer| #Synchronizer]]</comment>
      <origin>197917</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="91286" sha1="ed6uj3jkl9sb18ckis1vsieht07yb7c" xml:space="preserve">require[[strict]]


	---                                        ---
	---     PRIVATE ENVIRONMENT                ---
	---    ________________________________    ---
	---                                        ---


	--[[ Abstract utilities ]]--
	----------------------------


-- Helper function for `string.gsub()` (for managing zero-padded numbers)
local function zero_padded (str)
	return ('%03d%s'):format(#str, str)
end


-- Helper function for `table.sort()` (for natural sorting)
local function natural_sort (var1, var2)
	return var1:gsub('%d+', zero_padded) &lt; var2:gsub('%d+', zero_padded)
end


-- Return a copy or a reference to a table
local function copy_or_ref_table (src, refonly)
	if refonly then return src end
	local newtab = {}
	for key, val in pairs(src) do newtab[key] = val end
	return newtab
end


-- Copy at most N items (of all kinds) from `src` to `dest` and return `dest`
local function copy_table_maxn (dest, src, len)
	local idx = 1
	for key, val in pairs(src) do
		dest[key], idx = val, idx + 1
		if idx &gt; len then break end
	end
	return dest
end


-- Remove some numeric elements from a table, shifting everything to the left
local function remove_numeric_keys (tbl, idx, len)
	local cache, tmp = {}, idx + len - 1
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' and key &gt;= idx then
			if key &gt; tmp then cache[key - len] = val end
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(cache) do tbl[key] = val end
end


-- Make a reduced copy of a table (shifting in both directions if necessary)
local function copy_table_reduced (tbl, idx, len)
	local ret, tmp = {}, idx + len - 1
	if idx &gt; 0 then
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &lt; idx then
				ret[key] = val
			elseif key &gt; tmp then ret[key - len] = val end
		end
	elseif tmp &gt; 0 then
		local nshift = 1 - idx
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' then ret[key] = val
			elseif key &gt; tmp then ret[key - tmp] = val
			elseif key &lt; idx then ret[key + nshift] = val end
		end
	else
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &gt; tmp then
				ret[key] = val
			elseif key &lt; idx then ret[key + len] = val end
		end
	end
	return ret
end


-- Make an expanded copy of a table (shifting in both directions if necessary)
local function copy_table_expanded (tbl, idx, len)
	local ret, tmp = {}, idx + len - 1
	if idx &gt; 0 then
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &lt; idx then
				ret[key] = val
			else ret[key + len] = val end
		end
	elseif tmp &gt; 0 then
		local nshift = idx - 1
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' then ret[key] = val
			elseif key &gt; 0 then ret[key + tmp] = val
			elseif key &lt; 1 then ret[key + nshift] = val end
		end
	else
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &gt; tmp then
				ret[key] = val
			else ret[key - len] = val end
		end
	end
	return ret
end


-- Given a table, create two new tables containing the sorted list of keys
local function get_sorted_key_list (tbl, sort_fn)
	local nums, words, nn, nw = {}, {}, 1, 1
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then nums[nn], nn = key, nn + 1
		else words[nw], nw = key, nw + 1 end
	end
	table.sort(nums)
	table.sort(words, sort_fn)
	return nums, words, nn - 1, nw - 1
end


-- Parse a parameter name string and return it as a string or a number
local function get_param_name (par_str)
	local ret = par_str:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
	if ret ~= '0' and ret:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' == nil then return ret end
	return tonumber(ret)
end


-- Move a key from a table to another, but only if under a different name and
-- always parsing numeric strings as numbers
local function steal_if_renamed (val, src, skey, dest, dkey)
	local realkey = get_param_name(dkey)
	if skey ~= realkey then dest[realkey], src[skey] = val, nil end
end


	--[[ Public strings ]]--
	------------------------


-- Special match keywords (functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names)
local mkeywords = {
	['or'] = 0,
	pattern = 1,
	plain = 2,
	strict = 3
}


-- Sort functions (functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names)
local sortfunctions = {
	alphabetically = false,
	naturally = natural_sort
}


-- Callback styles for the `mapping_*` and `renaming_*` class of modifiers
-- (functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names)
--[[

Meanings of the columns:

  col[1] = Loop type (0-3)
  col[2] = Number of module arguments that the style requires (1-3)
  col[3] = Minimum number of sequential parameters passed to the callback
  col[4] = Name of the callback parameter where to place each parameter name
  col[5] = Name of the callback parameter where to place each parameter value
  col[6] = Argument in the modifier's invocation that will override `col[4]`
  col[7] = Argument in the modifier's invocation that will override `col[5]`

A value of `-1` indicates that no meaningful value is stored (i.e. `nil`)

]]--
local mapping_styles = {
	names_and_values = { 3, 2, 2, 1, 2, -1, -1 },
	values_and_names = { 3, 2, 2, 2, 1, -1, -1 },
	values_only = { 1, 2, 1, -1, 1, -1, -1 },
	names_only = { 2, 2, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1 },
	names_and_values_as = { 3, 4, 0, -1, -1, 2, 3 },
	names_only_as = { 2, 3, 0, -1, -1, 2, -1 },
	values_only_as = { 1, 3, 0, -1, -1, -1, 2 },
	blindly = { 0, 2, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1 }
}


-- Memory slots (functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names)
local memoryslots = {
	h = 'header',
	f = 'footer',
	i = 'itersep',
	l = 'lastsep',
	n = 'ifngiven',
	p = 'pairsep',
	s = 'oxfordsep'
}


-- Possible trimming modes for the `parsing` modifier
local trim_parse_opts = {
	trim_none = { false, false },
	trim_positional = { false, true },
	trim_named = { true, false },
	trim_all = { true, true }
}


-- Possible string modes for the iteration separator in the `parsing` and
-- `reinterpreting` modifiers
local isep_parse_opts = {
	splitter_pattern = false,
	splitter_string = true
}


-- Possible string modes for the key-value separator in the `parsing` and
-- `reinterpreting` modifiers
local psep_parse_opts = {
	setter_pattern = false,
	setter_string = true
}


-- Possible position references for the `splicing` modifier
local position_references = {
	add_nothing = 0,
	add_smallest_number = 1,
	add_last_of_sequence = 2,
	add_largest_number = 3
}


-- Possible modes for the `reassigning` modifier
local a_modes = {
	transfer = 0,
	clone = 1,
	rename = 2,
	copy = 3,
	sacrifice = 4,
	provide = 5,
	spare = 7
}


-- Functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names too: `here`, `in_substack`,
-- `let`, `expose`, `use`, `with_flushed_glue`, `without_flushed_glue`
-- `without_sorting`


	--[[ Private constants ]]--
	---------------------------


-- Hard-coded name of the module (to avoid going through `frame:getTitle()`)
local modulename = 'Module:Params'


-- The functions listed here declare that they don't need the
-- `frame:getParent().args` metatable to be copied into a regular table; if 
-- they are modifiers they also guarantee that they will make their own
-- (modified) copy available
local refparams = {
	call_for_each_group = true,
	combining = true,
	combining_by_calling = true,
	combining_values = true,
	concat_and_call = true,
	concat_and_invoke = true,
	concat_and_magic = true,
	count = true,
	grouping_by_calling = true,
	mixing_names_and_values = true,
	keeping_at_most = true,
	renaming_by_mixing = true,
	renaming_to_sequence = true,
	renaming_to_uppercase = true,
	renaming_to_lowercase = true,
	shifting = true,
	splicing = true,
	value_of = true,
	with_name_matching = true
}


-- Maximum number of numeric parameters that can be filled, if missing (we
-- chose an arbitrary number for this constant; you can discuss about its
-- optimal value at Module talk:Params)
local maxfill = 1024


-- The private table of functions
local library = {}


-- Functions and modifiers that can only be invoked in first position
local static_iface = {}


	--[[ Private functions ]]--
	---------------------------


-- Create a new context
local function context_new (child_frame, first_fn_name)
	local main_frame, tpipe = child_frame:getParent(), { first_fn_name }
	for key, val in pairs(child_frame.args) do
		if type(key) == 'number' and key &gt; 0 then tpipe[key + 1] = val
		else tpipe[key] = val end
	end
	return {
		frame = main_frame,
		pipe = tpipe,
		oparams = main_frame.args,
		firstposonly = static_iface,
		iterfunc = pairs,
		fnpos = 1,
		sorttype = 0,
		n_parents = 0,
		n_children = 0,
		n_available = maxfill
	}
end


-- Move to the next action within the user-given list
local function context_iterate (ctx, next_fn_pos, trimmed_fname)
	local fname = trimmed_fname or ctx.pipe[next_fn_pos] and
		ctx.pipe[next_fn_pos]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		': You must specify a function to call', 0) end
	if library[fname] == nil then
		if ctx.firstposonly[fname] == nil then error(modulename ..
			': The function ‘' .. fname .. '’ does not exist', 0)
		else error(modulename .. ': The ‘' .. fname ..
			'’ directive can only appear in first position', 0)
		end
	end
	ctx.fnpos = next_fn_pos
	return library[fname]
end


-- Main loop
local function main_loop (ctx, start_with)
	local fn = start_with
	repeat fn = fn(ctx) until not fn
	if ctx.n_parents &gt; 0 then error(modulename ..
		': One or more ‘merging_substack’ directives are missing', 0) end
	if ctx.n_children &gt; 0 then error(modulename ..
		', For some of the snapshots either the ‘flushing’ directive is missing or a group has not been properly closed with ‘merging_substack’', 0) end
end


-- Load a `setting`-like directive string into the `dest` table
local function set_strings_from_opts (dest, opts, offs)
	local cmd
	if opts[offs] == nil then return offs - 1 end
	cmd = opts[offs]:gsub('%s+', ''):gsub('/+', '/'):match'^/*(.*[^/])'
	if cmd == nil then return offs end
	local vname, chr
	local amap, sep, argc = {}, string.byte('/'), offs + 1
	for idx = 1, #cmd do
		chr = cmd:byte(idx)
		if chr == sep then
			for key, val in ipairs(amap) do
				dest[val], amap[key] = opts[argc], nil
			end
			argc = argc + 1
		else
			vname = memoryslots[string.char(chr)]
			if vname == nil then error(modulename ..
				', ‘setting’: Unknown slot ‘' .. string.char(chr) .. '’', 0) end
			table.insert(amap, vname)
		end
	end
	for key, val in ipairs(amap) do dest[val] = opts[argc] end
	return argc
end


-- Add a new stack of parameters to `ctx.children`
local function new_substack (ctx)
	local currsnap, newparams = ctx.n_children + 1, {}
	if ctx.children == nil then ctx.children = { newparams }
	else ctx.children[currsnap] = newparams end
	ctx.n_children = currsnap
	return newparams
end


-- Parse a raw argument containing a `sortfunctions` directive, or
-- `'without_sorting'`, or `nil`
local function load_sort_opt (raw_arg)
	local trarg
	if raw_arg ~= nil then trarg = raw_arg:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if trarg == nil then return nil, 1, false, nil end
	if trarg == 'without_sorting' then return nil, 2, false, nil end
	local tmp = sortfunctions[trarg]
	if tmp == nil then return nil, 1, false, trarg end
	return tmp or nil, 2, true, nil
end


-- Parse optional user arguments of type `...|[let/use]|[...]|[let/use]|[...]|
-- [number of additional parameters]|[parameter 1]|[parameter 2]|[...]`
local function load_child_opts (src, start_from, append_after, params)
	local tnamed, tmp1, tmp2
	local pin, tbl, mem = start_from, {}, {}
	while src[pin] ~= nil and src[pin + 1] ~= nil do
		tmp1 = src[pin]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
		if tmp1 == 'let' and src[pin + 2] ~= nil then
			tmp1 = get_param_name(src[pin + 1])
			tbl[tmp1], pin = src[pin + 2], pin + 3
--[[
		elseif tmp1 == 'expose' then
			tmp1 = get_param_name(src[pin + 1])
			tmp2 = params[tmp1]
			mem[tmp1], tbl[tmp1], pin = tmp2, tmp2, pin + 2
]]--
		elseif tmp1 == 'use' and src[pin + 2] ~= nil then
			tmp1 = get_param_name(src[pin + 2])
			tmp2 = params[tmp1]
			mem[tmp1], tbl[get_param_name(src[pin + 1])], pin =
				tmp2, tmp2, pin + 3
		else break end
	end
	local tnew = copy_or_ref_table(params, next(mem) == nil)
	for key in pairs(mem) do tnew[key] = nil end
	if pin ~= start_from then tnamed, tbl = tbl, {} end
	tmp1 = tonumber(src[pin])
	if tmp1 ~= nil and math.floor(tmp1) == tmp1 then
		if tmp1 &lt; 0 then tmp1 = -1 end
		tmp2 = append_after - pin
		for idx = pin + 1, pin + tmp1 do tbl[idx + tmp2] = src[idx] end
		pin = pin + tmp1 + 1
	end
	if tnamed ~= nil then
		for key, val in pairs(tnamed) do tbl[key] = val end
	end
	return tbl, pin, tnew, mem
end


-- Load the optional arguments of some of the `mapping_*` and `renaming_*`
-- class of modifiers
local function load_callback_opts (src, start_from, default_style, params)
	local style, shf
	local tmp = src[start_from + 1]
	if tmp ~= nil then style = mapping_styles[tmp:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'] end
	if style == nil then style, shf = default_style, start_from - 1
	else shf = start_from end
	local n_exist, karg, varg = style[3], style[4], style[5]
	tmp = style[6]
	if tmp &gt; -1 then
		karg = src[tmp + shf]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
		if karg == '0' or karg:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
			karg = tonumber(karg)
			n_exist = math.max(n_exist, karg)
		end
	end
	tmp = style[7]
	if tmp &gt; -1 then
		varg = src[tmp + shf]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
		if varg == '0' or varg:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
			varg = tonumber(varg)
			n_exist = math.max(n_exist, varg)
		end
	end
	tmp = style[1]
	local dest, argc, tnew, mem = load_child_opts(src, style[2] + shf,
		n_exist, params)
	if (tmp == 3 or tmp == 2) and dest[karg] ~= nil then
		tmp = tmp - 2 end
	if (tmp == 3 or tmp == 1) and dest[varg] ~= nil then
		tmp = tmp - 1 end
	return dest, argc, tmp, karg, varg, tnew, mem
end


-- Parse the arguments of some of the `mapping_*` and `renaming_*` class of
-- modifiers
local function load_replace_args (opts, offs, whoami)
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. whoami .. '’: No pattern string was given', 0) end
	if opts[offs + 2] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. whoami .. '’: No replacement string was given', 0) end
	local tn, flg
	local ptn, repl, nmax, argc =
		opts[offs + 1], opts[offs + 2], tonumber(opts[offs + 3]), 3
	if nmax ~= nil then argc = 4
	elseif opts[offs + 3] ~= nil then
		tn = opts[offs + 3]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
		if tn == nil then argc = 4 end
	end
	if tn == nil and opts[offs + argc] ~= nil then
		tn = opts[offs + argc]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	end
	if tn ~= nil then
		flg = mkeywords[tn]
		if flg ~= nil then tn = nil end
	end
	if flg == 0 then flg = nil elseif flg ~= nil then argc = argc + 1 end
	return ptn, repl, nmax, flg, offs + argc, (nmax ~= nil and nmax &lt; 1) or
		(flg == 3 and ptn == repl), tn
end


-- Parse the arguments of the `with_*_matching` class of modifiers
local function load_pattern_args (opts, offs, whoami)
	local tn, kwid
	local ptns, arg, state, nptns, idx = {}, opts[offs + 1], 0, 0, offs + 2
	while arg ~= nil do
		if state == 0 then
			nptns, state = nptns + 1, -1
			ptns[nptns] = { arg, false, false }
		else
			tn = arg:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
			kwid = tn and mkeywords[tn]
			if kwid == nil or (state &gt; 0 and kwid &gt; 0) then break
			else
				state = kwid
				if state &gt; 1 then ptns[nptns][2] = true end
				if state == 3 then ptns[nptns][3] = true end
			end
		end
		arg, idx = opts[idx], idx + 1
	end
	if state == 0 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. whoami .. '’: No pattern was given', 0) end
	return ptns, nptns, idx - 1, kwid == nil and tn or nil
end


-- Load the optional arguments of the `parsing`, `reinterpreting` and
-- `evaluating` modifiers
local function load_parse_opts (opts, offs, isp, psp)
	local tn, tmp
	local optslots, noptslots, argc, trimn, trimu, iplain, pplain =
		{ true, true, true }, 3, offs, true, false, true, true
	repeat
		noptslots, tmp = noptslots - 1, opts[argc]
		tn = tmp and tmp:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
		if tn == nil then break end
		if optslots[1] ~= nil and trim_parse_opts[tn] ~= nil then
			tmp = trim_parse_opts[tn]
			trimn, trimu, optslots[1] = tmp[1], tmp[2], nil
		elseif optslots[2] ~= nil and isep_parse_opts[tn] ~= nil then
			argc = argc + 1
			iplain, isp, optslots[2] = isep_parse_opts[tn],
				opts[argc], nil
		elseif optslots[3] ~= nil and psep_parse_opts[tn] ~= nil then
			argc = argc + 1
			pplain, psp, optslots[3] = psep_parse_opts[tn],
				opts[argc], nil
		else break end
		argc, tn = argc + 1, nil
	until noptslots &lt; 1
	return isp, iplain, psp, pplain, trimn, trimu, argc, tn
end


-- Map parameters' values using a custom callback and a referenced table
local value_maps = {
	[0] = function (tbl, margs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = fn() end
	end,
	[1] = function (tbl, margs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			margs[varg] = val
			tbl[key] = fn()
		end
	end,
	[2] = function (tbl, margs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key in pairs(tbl) do
			margs[karg] = key
			tbl[key] = fn()
		end
	end,
	[3] = function (tbl, margs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			margs[karg], margs[varg] = key, val
			tbl[key] = fn()
		end
	end
}


-- Private table for `map_names()`
local name_thieves = {
	[0] = function (cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache, fn())
		end
	end,
	[1] = function (cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			rargs[varg] = val
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache, fn())
		end
	end,
	[2] = function (cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			rargs[karg] = key
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache, fn())
		end
	end,
	[3] = function (cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			rargs[karg], rargs[varg] = key, val
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache, fn())
		end
	end
}


-- Map parameters' names using a custom callback and a referenced table
local function map_names (tbl, rargs, karg, varg, looptype, fn)
	local cache = {}
	name_thieves[looptype](cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
	for key, val in pairs(cache) do tbl[key] = val end
end


-- Return a new table that contains `src` regrouped according to the numeric
-- suffixes in its keys
local function make_groups (src)
	-- NOTE: `src` might be the original metatable!
	local prefix, gid
	local groups = {}
	for key, val in pairs(src) do
		-- `key` must only be a string or a number...
		if type(key) == 'string' then
			prefix, gid = key:match'^%s*(.-)%s*(%-?%d*)%s*$'
			gid = tonumber(gid) or ''
		else prefix, gid = '', key end
		if groups[gid] == nil then groups[gid] = {} end
		if prefix == '0' or prefix:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
			prefix = tonumber(prefix)
			if prefix &lt; 1 then prefix = prefix - 1 end
		end
		groups[gid][prefix] = val
	end
	return groups
end


-- Split into parts a string containing the `$#` and `$@` placeholders and
-- return the information as a skeleton table, a canvas table and a length
local function parse_placeholder_string (target)
	local skel, canvas, idx, s_pos, e_pos =
		{}, {}, 1, 1, string.find(target, '%$[@#]', 1, false)
	while e_pos ~= nil do
		canvas[idx], skel[idx + 1] =
			target:sub(s_pos, e_pos - 1),
			target:sub(e_pos, e_pos + 1) == '$@'
		idx, s_pos = idx + 2, e_pos + 2
		e_pos = string.find(target, '%$[@#]', s_pos, false)
	end
	if (s_pos &gt; target:len()) then idx = idx - 1
	else canvas[idx] = target:sub(s_pos) end
	return skel, canvas, idx
end


-- Populate a table by parsing a parameter string (heavy lifting for `parsing`,
-- `reinterpreting` and `evaluating`)
local function parse_parameter_string (tbl, str, isp, ipl, psp, ppl, trn, tru)
	local key, val, spos1, spos2, pos1, pos2
	local pos3, idx, lenplone = 0, 1, #str + 1
	if isp == nil or isp == '' then
		if psp == nil or psp == '' then
			if tru then tbl[idx] = str:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
			else tbl[idx] = str end
			return
		end
		spos1, spos2 = str:find(psp, 1, ppl)
		if spos1 == nil then
			key = idx
			if tru then val = str:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
			else val = str end
		else
			key = get_param_name(str:sub(1, spos1 - 1))
			val = str:sub(spos2 + 1)
			if trn then val = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
		end
		tbl[key] = val
		return
	end
	if psp == nil or psp == '' then
		repeat
			pos1 = pos3 + 1
			pos2, pos3 = str:find(isp, pos1, ipl)
			val = str:sub(pos1, (pos2 or lenplone) - 1)
			if tru then val = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
			tbl[idx], idx = val, idx + 1
		until pos2 == nil
		return
	end
	repeat
		pos1 = pos3 + 1
		pos2, pos3 = str:find(isp, pos1, ipl)
		val = str:sub(pos1, (pos2 or lenplone) - 1)
		spos1, spos2 = val:find(psp, 1, ppl)
		if spos1 == nil then
			key = idx
			if tru then val = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
			idx = idx + 1
		else
			key = get_param_name(val:sub(1, spos1 - 1))
			val = val:sub(spos2 + 1)
			if trn then val = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
		end
		tbl[key] = val
	until pos2 == nil
	return
end


-- Heavy lifting for `snapshotting` and `remembering`
local function make_child (ctx, src, whoami)
	local len = tonumber(ctx.pipe[ctx.fnpos + 1])
	if len == nil or len == 0 then
		local stack = new_substack(ctx)
		for key, val in pairs(src) do stack[key] = val end
		return len == nil and 1 or 2
	end
	if len &lt; 0 or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename .. ', ‘' ..
		whoami .. '’: The number of parameters to copy must be an integer greater than zero', 0) end
	copy_table_maxn(new_substack(ctx), src, len)
	return 2
end


-- Heavy lifting for `setting_by_flushing`, `combining` and `combining_values`
local function set_strings_from_substack (ctx, dest, whoami)
	if ctx.n_children &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. whoami .. '’: There are no substacks to flush', 0) end
	local currsnap = ctx.n_children
	local stack = ctx.children[currsnap]
	for key, val in pairs(memoryslots) do
		if stack[key] ~= nil then dest[val] = stack[key] end
	end
	ctx.children[currsnap], ctx.n_children = nil, currsnap - 1
end


-- Heavy lifting for `combining` and `combining_values`
local function combine_parameters (ctx, keyval_fn, whoami)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! This function
	-- MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. whoami .. '’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	local argc
	local tbl, vars = ctx.params, {}
	local sortfn, ivar0, dosort, tmp = load_sort_opt(opts[offs + 2])
	if ivar0 == 2 then
		tmp = opts[offs + 3] ~= nil and opts[offs + 3]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	end
	ivar0 = ivar0 + offs
	if tmp == 'with_flushed_glue' then
		ivar0 = ivar0 + 1
		argc = set_strings_from_opts(vars, opts, ivar0 + 1)
		set_strings_from_substack(ctx, vars, whoami)
	else
		if tmp == 'without_flushed_glue' then ivar0 = ivar0 + 1 end
		argc = set_strings_from_opts(vars, opts, ivar0 + 1)
	end
	if argc &lt; ivar0 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. whoami .. '’: No setting directive was given', 0) end
	if next(tbl) == nil then
		if vars.ifngiven ~= nil then ctx.params =
			{ [get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])] = vars.ifngiven }
		elseif tbl == ctx.oparams then ctx.params = {} end
		return argc + 1
	end
	local cache, len
	if dosort then
		local words
		cache, words, len, tmp = get_sorted_key_list(tbl, sortfn)
		for idx = 1, tmp do cache[len + idx] = words[idx] end
		len = len + tmp
	else
		cache, len = {}, 1
		for key in pairs(tbl) do cache[len], len = key, len + 1 end
		len = len - 1
	end
	local pmap, nss, kvs, pps =
		{}, 0, vars.pairsep or '', vars.itersep or ''
	for idx = 1, len do
		tmp, pmap[nss + 1] = cache[idx], pps
		pmap[nss + 2] = keyval_fn(tmp, tbl[tmp], kvs)
		nss = nss + 2
	end
	tmp = vars.oxfordsep or vars.lastsep
	if tmp ~= nil and nss &gt; 4 then pmap[nss - 1] = tmp
	elseif nss &gt; 2 and vars.lastsep ~= nil then
		pmap[nss - 1] = vars.lastsep
	end
	pmap[1] = vars.header or ''
	if vars.footer ~= nil then pmap[nss + 1] = vars.footer end
	ctx.params = { [get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])] = table.concat(pmap) }
	return argc + 1
end


-- Concatenate the numeric keys from the table of parameters to the numeric
-- keys from the table of options; non-numeric keys from the table of options
-- will prevail over colliding non-numeric keys from the table of parameters
local function concat_params (ctx, offs)
	local tbl, retval, cache, nmax = ctx.params, {}, {}, 0
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.pipe) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			if key &lt; 1 then cache[key] = val
			elseif key &gt; offs then cache[key - offs] = val end
			if key &gt; nmax then nmax = key end
		else cache[key] = val end
	end
	nmax = nmax - offs
	if ctx.subset == 1 then
		-- We need only the sequence
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do retval[key + nmax] = val end
	else
		if ctx.subset == -1 then
			for key in ipairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = nil end
		end
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) == 'number' and key &gt; 0 then
				retval[key + nmax] = val
			else retval[key] = val end
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(cache) do retval[key] = val end
	return retval
end


-- Flush the parameters by calling a custom function for each value (after this
-- function has been invoked `ctx.params` will be no longer usable)
local function flush_params (ctx, fn)
	local tmp
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if ctx.subset == -1 then
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = nil end
	elseif ctx.subset == 1 then
		if ctx.pins == nil then
			for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do fn(key, val) end
			return
		end
		tmp = {}
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do tmp[key] = val end
		tbl = tmp
	end
	if ctx.pins ~= nil then
		local marker = ctx.sorttype &lt; 1 and ctx.subset ~= -1 or nil
		for idx = 1, #ctx.pins do
			tmp = ctx.pins[idx]
			if tbl[tmp] ~= nil then
				fn(tmp, tbl[tmp])
				tbl[tmp] = marker
			end
		end
		if ctx.subset == 1 then
			for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do
				if val ~= true then fn(key, val) end
			end
			return
		end
	end
	if ctx.sorttype &gt; 0 then
		local nums, words, nn, nw =
			get_sorted_key_list(tbl, natural_sort)
		if ctx.sorttype == 2 then
			for idx = 1, nw do fn(words[idx], tbl[words[idx]]) end
			for idx = 1, nn do fn(nums[idx], tbl[nums[idx]]) end
			return
		end
		for idx = 1, nn do fn(nums[idx], tbl[nums[idx]]) end
		for idx = 1, nw do fn(words[idx], tbl[words[idx]]) end
		return
	end
	if ctx.subset == -1 or ctx.pins == nil then
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do
			fn(key, val)
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do fn(key, val) end
		return
	end
	for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do
		if val ~= true then fn(key, val) end
		tbl[key] = nil
	end
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if val ~= true then fn(key, val) end
	end
end


-- Flush the parameters by calling one of two custom functions for each value
-- (after this function has been invoked `ctx.params` will be no longer usable)
local function mixed_flush_params (ctx, fn_seq, fn_oth)
	if ctx.subset == 1 then
		flush_params(ctx, fn_seq)
		return
	end
	if ctx.subset == -1 then
		flush_params(ctx, fn_oth)
		return
	end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if ctx.pins == nil and ctx.sorttype &lt; 1 then
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do
			fn_seq(key, val)
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do fn_oth(key, val) end
		return
	end
	local tseq = {}
	for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do tseq[key] = val end
	if ctx.pins ~= nil then
		local tmp
		local marker = ctx.sorttype &lt; 1 or nil
		for idx = 1, #ctx.pins do
			tmp = ctx.pins[idx]
			if tseq[tmp] ~= nil then
				fn_seq(tmp, tbl[tmp])
				tbl[tmp], tseq[tmp] = nil, marker
			elseif tbl[tmp] ~= nil then
				fn_oth(tmp, tbl[tmp])
				tbl[tmp] = nil
			end
		end
	end
	if ctx.sorttype &gt; 0 then
		local nums, words, nn, nw =
			get_sorted_key_list(tbl, natural_sort)
		if ctx.sorttype == 2 then
			for idx = 1, nw do
				fn_oth(words[idx], tbl[words[idx]])
			end
		end
		for idx = 1, nn do
			if tseq[nums[idx]] ~= nil then
				fn_seq(nums[idx], tseq[nums[idx]])
			else fn_oth(nums[idx], tbl[nums[idx]]) end
		end
		if ctx.sorttype ~= 2 then
			for idx = 1, nw do
				fn_oth(words[idx], tbl[words[idx]])
			end
		end
		return
	end
	for key, val in ipairs(tseq) do
		if val ~= true then
			fn_seq(key, val)
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do fn_oth(key, val) end
end


-- Finalize and return a concatenated list
local function finalize_and_return_concatenated_list (ctx, lst, len, modsize)
	if len &gt; 0 then
		local tmp = ctx.oxfordsep or ctx.lastsep
		if tmp ~= nil and len &gt; modsize * 2 then
			lst[len - modsize + 1] = tmp
		elseif len &gt; modsize and ctx.lastsep ~= nil then
			lst[len - modsize + 1] = ctx.lastsep
		end
		lst[1] = ctx.header or ''
		if ctx.footer ~= nil then lst[len + 1] = ctx.footer end
		ctx.text = table.concat(lst)
	else ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or '' end
end


	---                                        ---
	---     PUBLIC ENVIRONMENT                 ---
	---    ________________________________    ---
	---                                        ---


	--[[ Modifiers ]]--
	-------------------


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|sequential|pipe to
library.sequential = function (ctx)
	if ctx.subset == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘sequential’ directive has been provided more than once', 0) end
	if ctx.subset == -1 then error(modulename ..
		': The two directives ‘non-sequential’ and ‘sequential’ are in contradiction with each other', 0) end
	if ctx.sorttype &gt; 0 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘all_sorted’ and ‘reassorted’ directives are redundant when followed by ‘sequential’', 0) end
	ctx.iterfunc, ctx.subset = ipairs, 1
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|non-sequential|pipe to
library['non-sequential'] = function (ctx)
	if ctx.subset == -1 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘non-sequential’ directive has been provided more than once', 0) end
	if ctx.subset == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The two directives ‘sequential’ and ‘non-sequential’ are in contradiction with each other', 0) end
	ctx.iterfunc, ctx.subset = pairs, -1
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|all_sorted|pipe to
library.all_sorted = function (ctx)
	if ctx.sorttype == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘all_sorted’ directive has been provided more than once', 0) end
	if ctx.subset == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘all_sorted’ directive is redundant after ‘sequential’', 0) end
	if ctx.sorttype == 2 then error(modulename ..
		': The two directives ‘reassorted’ and ‘sequential’ are in contradiction with each other', 0) end
	ctx.sorttype = 1
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|reassorted|pipe to
library.reassorted = function (ctx)
	if ctx.sorttype == 2 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘reassorted’ directive has been provided more than once', 0) end
	if ctx.subset == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘reassorted’ directive is redundant after ‘sequential’', 0) end
	if ctx.sorttype == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The two directives ‘sequential’ and ‘reassorted’ are in contradiction with each other', 0) end
	ctx.sorttype = 2
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|pinned_until|sentinel|[parameter name 1]|[parameter
--            name 2]|...|parameter name N|sentinel|pipe to
library.pinned_until = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘pinned_until’: No sentinel was provided', 0) end
	local tmp, bucket, curr, ncurr
	local sntl, idx = opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$', 2
	if ctx.pin_bucket == nil then
		bucket, curr, ncurr = {}, {}, 0
		ctx.pin_bucket, ctx.pins = bucket, curr
	else bucket, curr, ncurr = ctx.pin_bucket, ctx.pins, ctx.npins end
	while opts[offs + idx] ~= nil do
		tmp = opts[offs + idx]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
		if tmp == sntl then
			if idx == 2 then error(modulename ..
				', ‘pinned_until’: No parameters to pin were provided', 0) end
			ctx.npins = ncurr + idx - 2
			return context_iterate(ctx, offs + idx + 1)
		end
		if tmp == '0' or tmp:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
			tmp = tonumber(tmp)
		end
		if bucket[tmp] then error(modulename ..
			', ‘pinned_until’: Duplicate pinned parameter ‘' .. tostring(tmp) .. '’', 0) end
		curr[ncurr + idx - 1], bucket[tmp], idx = tmp, true, idx + 1
	end
	error(modulename .. ', ‘pinned_until’: Missing sentinel in position #' .. tostring(idx), 0)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|setting|directives|...|pipe to
library.setting = function (ctx)
	local new_offs = set_strings_from_opts(ctx, ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos + 1)
	if new_offs - ctx.fnpos &lt; 2 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘setting’: No directive was given', 0) end
	return context_iterate(ctx, new_offs + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|scoring|new parameter name|[container]|pipe to
library.scoring = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs, retval = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos, 0
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘scoring’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	for _ in pairs(ctx.params) do retval = retval + 1 end
	local tn = opts[offs + 2] and opts[offs + 2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if tn == 'in_substack' then
		new_substack(ctx)[get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])] =
			tostring(retval)
		return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
	end
	ctx.params[get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])] = tostring(retval)
	return tn == 'here' and context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3) or
		context_iterate(ctx, offs + 2, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|squeezing|pipe to
library.squeezing = function (ctx)
	local store, indices, tbl, newlen = {}, {}, ctx.params, 0
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			newlen = newlen + 1
			indices[newlen], store[key], tbl[key] = key, val, nil
		end
	end
	table.sort(indices)
	for idx = 1, newlen do tbl[idx] = store[indices[idx]] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|filling_the_gaps|pipe to
library.filling_the_gaps = function (ctx)
	local newval, tbl, tmp, nmin, nmax, nnums =
		ctx.pipe[ctx.fnpos + 1], ctx.params, {}, 1, nil, -1
	if newval == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘filling_the_gaps’: No value was provided', 0) end
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			if nmax == nil then
				if key &lt; nmin then nmin = key end
				nmax = key
			elseif key &gt; nmax then nmax = key
			elseif key &lt; nmin then nmin = key end
			tmp[key], nnums = val, nnums + 1
		end
	end
	if nmax ~= nil and nmax - nmin &gt; nnums then
		ctx.n_available = ctx.n_available + nmin + nnums - nmax
		if ctx.n_available &lt; 0 then error(modulename ..
			', ‘filling_the_gaps’: It is possible to fill at most ' .. tostring(maxfill) .. ' parameters', 0) end
		for idx = nmin, nmax do tbl[idx] = newval end
		for key, val in pairs(tmp) do tbl[key] = val end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|clearing|pipe to
library.clearing = function (ctx)
	local tbl, numerics = ctx.params, {}
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			numerics[key], tbl[key] = val, nil
		end
	end
	for key, val in ipairs(numerics) do tbl[key] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|cutting|left cut|right cut|pipe to
library.cutting = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local lcut = tonumber(opts[offs + 1])
	if lcut == nil or math.floor(lcut) ~= lcut then error(modulename ..
		', ‘cutting’: Left cut must be an integer number', 0) end
	local rcut = tonumber(opts[offs + 2])
	if rcut == nil or math.floor(rcut) ~= rcut then error(modulename ..
		', ‘cutting’: Right cut must be an integer number', 0) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local len = #tbl
	if lcut &lt; 0 then lcut = len + lcut end
	if rcut &lt; 0 then rcut = len + rcut end
	local tot = lcut + rcut
	if tot &gt; 0 then
		local cache = {}
		if tot &gt;= len then
			for key in ipairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = nil end
			tot = len
		else
			for idx = len - rcut + 1, len do tbl[idx] = nil end
			for idx = 1, lcut do tbl[idx] = nil end
		end
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) == 'number' and key &gt; 0 then
				if key &gt; len then cache[key - tot] = val
				else cache[key - lcut] = val end
				tbl[key] = nil
			end
		end
		for key, val in pairs(cache) do tbl[key] = val end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|cropping|left crop|right crop|pipe to
library.cropping = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local lcut = tonumber(opts[offs + 1])
	if lcut == nil or math.floor(lcut) ~= lcut then error(modulename ..
		', ‘cropping’: Left crop must be an integer number', 0) end
	local rcut = tonumber(opts[offs + 2])
	if rcut == nil or math.floor(rcut) ~= rcut then error(modulename ..
		', ‘cropping’: Right crop must be an integer number', 0) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local nmin, nmax
	for key in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			if nmin == nil then nmin, nmax = key, key
			elseif key &gt; nmax then nmax = key
			elseif key &lt; nmin then nmin = key end
		end
	end
	if nmin ~= nil then
		local len = nmax - nmin + 1
		if lcut &lt; 0 then lcut = len + lcut end
		if rcut &lt; 0 then rcut = len + rcut end
		if lcut + rcut - len &gt; -1 then
			for key in pairs(tbl) do
				if type(key) == 'number' then tbl[key] = nil end
			end
		elseif lcut + rcut &gt; 0 then
			for idx = nmax - rcut + 1, nmax do tbl[idx] = nil end
			for idx = nmin, nmin + lcut - 1 do tbl[idx] = nil end
			local lshift = nmin + lcut - 1
			if lshift &gt; 0 then
				for idx = lshift + 1, nmax do
					tbl[idx - lshift], tbl[idx] =
						tbl[idx], nil
				end
			end
		end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|purging|start offset|length|pipe to
library.purging = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local idx = tonumber(opts[offs + 1])
	if idx == nil or math.floor(idx) ~= idx then error(modulename ..
		', ‘purging’: Start offset must be an integer number', 0) end
	local len = tonumber(opts[offs + 2])
	if len == nil or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename ..
		', ‘purging’: Length must be an integer number', 0) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if len &lt; 1 then
		len = len + table.maxn(tbl)
		if idx &gt; len then return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3) end
		len = len - idx + 1
	end
	ctx.params = copy_table_reduced(tbl, idx, len)
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|backpurging|start offset|length|pipe to
library.backpurging = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local last = tonumber(opts[offs + 1])
	if last == nil or math.floor(last) ~= last then error(modulename ..
		', ‘backpurging’: Start offset must be an integer number', 0) end
	local len = tonumber(opts[offs + 2])
	if len == nil or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename ..
		', ‘backpurging’: Length must be an integer number', 0) end
	local idx
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if len &gt; 0 then idx = last - len + 1
	else
		for key in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) == 'number' and (idx == nil or
				key &lt; idx) then idx = key end
		end
		if idx == nil then return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3) end
		idx = idx - len
		if last &lt; idx then return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3) end
		len = last - idx + 1
	end
	ctx.params = copy_table_reduced(ctx.params, idx, len)
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|shifting|addend|pipe to
library.shifting = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local nshift = tonumber(ctx.pipe[ctx.fnpos + 1])
	if nshift == nil or nshift == 0 or math.floor(nshift) ~= nshift then
		error(modulename .. ', ‘shifting’: A non-zero integer number must be provided', 0) end
	local tbl = {}
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then tbl[key + nshift] = val
		else tbl[key] = val end
	end
	ctx.params = tbl
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|reversing_numeric_names|pipe to
library.reversing_numeric_names = function (ctx)
	local tbl, numerics, nmax = ctx.params, {}, 0
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			numerics[key], tbl[key] = val, nil
			if key &gt; nmax then nmax = key end
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(numerics) do tbl[nmax - key + 1] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|pivoting_numeric_names|pipe to
--[[
library.pivoting_numeric_names = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local shift = #tbl + 1
	if shift &lt; 2 then return library.reversing_numeric_names(ctx) end
	local tmp = {}
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then tmp[key], tbl[key] = val, nil end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(tmp) do tbl[shift - key] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mirroring_numeric_names|pipe to
--[[
library.mirroring_numeric_names = function (ctx)
	local nmax, nmin
	local tbl, tmp = ctx.params, {}
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			tmp[key], tbl[key] = val, nil
			if nmax == nil then nmin, nmax = key, key
			elseif key &gt; nmax then nmax = key
			elseif key &lt; nmin then nmin = key end
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(tmp) do tbl[nmax + nmin - key] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|swapping_numeric_names|pipe to
--[[
library.swapping_numeric_names = function (ctx)
	local tmp
	local tbl, cache, nsize = ctx.params, {}, 1
	for key in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			cache[nsize], nsize = key, nsize + 1
		end
	end
	table.sort(cache)
	for idx = math.floor((nsize - 1) / 2), 1, -1 do
		tmp = tbl[cache[idx] ]
		tbl[cache[idx] ] = tbl[cache[nsize - idx] ]
		tbl[cache[nsize - idx] ] = tmp
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|sorting_sequential_values|[criterion]|pipe to
library.sorting_sequential_values = function (ctx)
	local sortfn
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local tn = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if tn ~= nil then sortfn = sortfunctions[tn] end
	if sortfn then table.sort(ctx.params, sortfn)
	else table.sort(ctx.params) end -- i.e. either `false` or `nil`
	if sortfn == nil then return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 1, tn) end
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|splicing|[add to position]|position|increment|
--            [number of elements to write]|...|pipe to
library.splicing = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local tmp2, argc, pos, refp
	local tbl, opts, offs = ctx.params, ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local tmp1 = opts[offs + 1]
	if tmp1 ~= nil then
		tmp2 = tonumber(tmp1)
		if tmp2 == nil or math.floor(tmp2) ~= tmp2 then
			pos, argc, tmp2 = tonumber(opts[offs + 2]), offs + 4,
				tmp1:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
			if tmp2 ~= nil then
				refp = position_references[tmp2]
				if refp == nil then error(modulename ..
					', ‘splicing’: ‘' .. tostring(tmp2) .. '’ is not a valid first argument', 0) end
			else refp = 0 end
		else pos, argc, refp = tmp2, offs + 3, 0 end
	else pos, argc, refp = tonumber(opts[offs + 2]), offs + 4, 0 end
	if pos == nil or math.floor(pos) ~= pos then error(modulename ..
		', ‘splicing’: The position must be an integer number', 0) end
	local len = tonumber(opts[argc - 1])
	if len == nil or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename ..
		', ‘splicing’: The increment must be an integer number', 0) end
	local insn = tonumber(opts[argc])
	if len == 0 and (insn == nil or insn &lt; 1) then error(modulename ..
		', ‘splicing’: When the increment is zero the number of elements to write cannot be zero', 0) end
	if refp == 2 then
		for _ in ipairs(tbl) do pos = pos + 1 end
		refp = 0
	end
	tmp1, tmp2 = nil, nil
	if refp ~= 0 or len ~= 0 then
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) == 'number' then
				if tmp1 == nil then tmp1, tmp2 = key, key
				elseif key &lt; tmp1 then tmp1 = key
				elseif key &gt; tmp2 then tmp2 = key end
			end
		end
	end
	if tmp2 == nil then len = 0
	elseif refp == 3 then pos = pos + tmp2
	elseif refp == 1 then pos = pos + tmp1 end
	if len &gt; 0 and pos + len &gt; tmp1 and pos &lt;= tmp2 then
		tbl = copy_table_expanded(tbl, pos, len)
	elseif len &lt; 0 and pos - len &gt; tmp1 and pos &lt;= tmp2 then
		tbl = copy_table_reduced(tbl, pos, -len)
	else tbl = copy_or_ref_table(tbl, tbl ~= ctx.oparams) end
	ctx.params = tbl
	if insn == nil or insn &lt; 0 or math.floor(insn) ~= insn then
		return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
	end
	tmp1 = argc - offs - pos + 1
	for key = pos, pos + insn - 1 do tbl[key] = opts[offs + key + tmp1] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc + insn + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|imposing|name|value|pipe to
library.imposing = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘imposing’: Missing parameter name to impose', 0) end
	ctx.params[get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])] = opts[offs + 2]
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|providing|name|value|pipe to
library.providing = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘providing’: Missing parameter name to provide', 0) end
	local key = get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])
	if ctx.params[key] == nil then ctx.params[key] = opts[offs + 2] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|reassigning|source|destination|[mode]|pipe to
library.reassigning = function (ctx)
	local tbl, opts, offs = ctx.params, ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘reassigning’: Missing source parameter', 0) end
	if opts[offs + 2] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘reassigning’: Missing destination parameter', 0) end
	local mode, argc
	local src, tn = get_param_name(opts[offs + 1]),
		opts[offs + 3] ~= nil and opts[offs + 3]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	local val = tbl[src]
	if tn ~= nil then mode = a_modes[tn] end
	if mode == nil then mode, argc = 0, offs + 3
	else argc, tn = offs + 4, nil end
	if val == nil and mode &gt; 1 then
		return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
	end
	local dest = get_param_name(opts[offs + 2])
	local tmp = tbl[dest] == nil
	if mode % 2 == 0 or (mode == 7 and tmp) then tbl[src] = nil end
	if tmp or mode &lt; 4 then tbl[dest] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|discarding|name|[how many]|pipe to
library.discarding = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘discarding’: Missing parameter name to discard', 0) end
	local len = tonumber(opts[offs + 2])
	if len == nil then
		ctx.params[get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])] = nil
		return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 2)
	end
	local key = tonumber(opts[offs + 1])
	if key == nil or math.floor(key) ~= key then error(modulename ..
		', ‘discarding’: A range was provided, but the initial parameter name is not an integer number', 0) end
	if len &lt; 1 or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename ..
		', ‘discarding’: A range can only be an integer number greater than zero', 0) end
	for idx = key, key + len - 1 do ctx.params[idx] = nil end
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|excluding_non-numeric_names|pipe to
library['excluding_non-numeric_names'] = function (ctx)
	local tmp = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tmp) do
		if type(key) ~= 'number' then tmp[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|excluding_numeric_names|pipe to
library.excluding_numeric_names = function (ctx)
	local tmp = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tmp) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then tmp[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|with_name_matching|target 1|[plain flag 1]|[or]|
--            [target 2]|[plain flag 2]|[or]|[...]|[target N]|[plain flag
--            N]|pipe to
library.with_name_matching = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local tmp, ptn
	local tbl, newparams, opts, offs = ctx.params, {}, ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local targets, nptns, argc, tn = load_pattern_args(opts, offs,
		'with_name_matching')
	for idx = 1, nptns do
		ptn = targets[idx]
		if ptn[3] then
			tmp = ptn[1]
			if tmp == '0' or tmp:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
				tmp = tonumber(tmp)
			end
			newparams[tmp] = tbl[tmp]
		else
			for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
				if tostring(key):find(ptn[1], 1, ptn[2]) then
					newparams[key] = val
				end
			end
		end
	end
	ctx.params = newparams
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|with_name_not_matching|target 1|[plain flag 1]|
--            [and]|[target 2]|[plain flag 2]|[and]|[...]|[target N]|[plain
--            flag N]|pipe to
library.with_name_not_matching = function (ctx)
	local tbl, opts, offs = ctx.params, ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local targets, nptns, argc, tn = load_pattern_args(opts, offs,
		'with_name_not_matching')
	if nptns == 1 and targets[1][3] then
		local tmp = targets[1][1]
		if tmp == '0' or tmp:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
			tbl[tonumber(tmp)] = nil
		else tbl[tmp] = nil end
		return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
	end
	local yesmatch, ptn
	for key in pairs(tbl) do
		yesmatch = true
		for idx = 1, nptns do
			ptn = targets[idx]
			if ptn[3] then
				if tostring(key) ~= ptn[1] then
					yesmatch = false
					break
				end
			elseif not tostring(key):find(ptn[1], 1, ptn[2]) then
				yesmatch = false
				break
			end
		end
		if yesmatch then tbl[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|with_value_matching|target 1|[plain flag 1]|[or]|
--            [target 2]|[plain flag 2]|[or]|[...]|[target N]|[plain flag
--            N]|pipe to
library.with_value_matching = function (ctx)
	local nomatch, ptn
	local tbl, opts, offs = ctx.params, ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local targets, nptns, argc, tn = load_pattern_args(opts, offs,
		'with_value_matching')
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		nomatch = true
		for idx = 1, nptns do
			ptn = targets[idx]
			if ptn[3] then
				if val == ptn[1] then
					nomatch = false
					break
				end
			elseif val:find(ptn[1], 1, ptn[2]) then
				nomatch = false
				break
			end
		end
		if nomatch then tbl[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|with_value_not_matching|target 1|[plain flag 1]|
--            [and]|[target 2]|[plain flag 2]|[and]|[...]|[target N]|[plain
--            flag N]|pipe to
library.with_value_not_matching = function (ctx)
	local yesmatch, ptn
	local tbl, opts, offs = ctx.params, ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local targets, nptns, argc, tn = load_pattern_args(opts, offs,
		'with_value_not_matching')
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		yesmatch = true
		for idx = 1, nptns do
			ptn = targets[idx]
			if ptn[3] then
				if val ~= ptn[1] then
					yesmatch = false
					break
				end
			elseif not val:find(ptn[1], 1, ptn[2]) then
				yesmatch = false
				break
			end
		end
		if yesmatch then tbl[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|keeping_at_most|number of parameters to pick|pipe to
library.keeping_at_most = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local len = tonumber(ctx.pipe[ctx.fnpos + 1])
	if len == nil or len &lt; 1 or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename ..
		', ‘keeping_at_most’: The number of parameters to keep must be an integer greater than zero', 0) end
	ctx.params = copy_table_maxn({}, ctx.params, len)
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|trimming_values|pipe to
library.trimming_values = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_to_lowercase|pipe to
library.mapping_to_lowercase = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = val:lower() end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_to_uppercase|pipe to
library.mapping_to_uppercase = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = val:upper() end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_calling|template name|[call
--            style]|[let/use]|[...]|[let/use]|[...]|[number of additional
--            parameters]|[parameter 1]|[parameter 2]|[...]|[parameter N]|pipe to
library.mapping_by_calling = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local tname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_calling’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local margs, argc, looptype, karg, varg, tbl, mem =
		load_callback_opts(opts, offs + 1, mapping_styles.values_only,
			ctx.params)
	local model = { title = tname, args = margs }
	value_maps[looptype](tbl, margs, karg, varg, function ()
		return ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
	end)
	for key, val in pairs(mem) do tbl[key] = val end
	ctx.params = tbl
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_invoking|module name|function name|[call
--            style]|[let/use]|[...]|[let/use]|[...]|[number of additional
--            arguments]|[argument 1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.mapping_by_invoking = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local mname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_invoking’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	local fname = opts[offs + 2] and opts[offs + 2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_invoking’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local margs, argc, looptype, karg, varg, tbl, mem =
		load_callback_opts(opts, offs + 2, mapping_styles.values_only,
			ctx.params)
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = margs }
	local mfunc = require(model.title)[fname]
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_invoking’: The function ‘' .. fname .. '’ does not exist', 0) end
	value_maps[looptype](tbl, margs, karg, varg, function ()
		return tostring(mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model)))
	end)
	for key, val in pairs(mem) do tbl[key] = val end
	ctx.params = tbl
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_magic|parser function|[call
--            style]|[let/use]|[...]|[let/use]|[...]|[number of additional
--            arguments]|[argument 1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.mapping_by_magic = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local magic = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_magic’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	local margs, argc, looptype, karg, varg, tbl, mem =
		load_callback_opts(opts, offs + 1, mapping_styles.values_only,
			ctx.params)
	value_maps[looptype](tbl, margs, karg, varg, function ()
		return ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, margs)
	end)
	for key, val in pairs(mem) do tbl[key] = val end
	ctx.params = tbl
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_replacing|target|replace|[count]|[plain
--            flag]|pipe to
library.mapping_by_replacing = function (ctx)
	local ptn, repl, nmax, flg, argc, die, tn =
		load_replace_args(ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos, 'mapping_by_replacing')
	if die then return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if flg == 3 then
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if val == ptn then tbl[key] = repl end
		end
	else
		if flg == 2 then
			-- Copied from Module:String's `str._escapePattern()`
			ptn = ptn:gsub('[%(%)%.%%%+%-%*%?%[%^%$%]]', '%%%0')
		end
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			tbl[key] = val:gsub(ptn, repl, nmax)
		end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_mixing|mixing string|pipe to
library.mapping_by_mixing = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_mixing’: No mixing string was provided', 0) end
	local tbl, mix = ctx.params, opts[offs + 1]
	if mix == '$#' then
		for key in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = tostring(key) end
		return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 2)
	end
	local skel, cnv, n_parts = parse_placeholder_string(mix)
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		for idx = 2, n_parts, 2 do
			if skel[idx] then cnv[idx] = val
			else cnv[idx] = tostring(key) end
		end
		tbl[key] = table.concat(cnv)
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_to_lowercase|pipe to
library.renaming_to_lowercase = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local cache = {}
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
		if type(key) == 'string' then cache[key:lower()] = val else
		cache[key] = val end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_to_uppercase|pipe to
library.renaming_to_uppercase = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local cache = {}
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
		if type(key) == 'string' then cache[key:upper()] = val else
		cache[key] = val end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_to_sequence|[sort order]|pipe to
library.renaming_to_sequence = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local cache, len
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local sortfn, argc, dosort, tn = load_sort_opt(ctx.pipe[ctx.fnpos + 1])
	if dosort then
		local words, wl
		cache, words, len, wl = get_sorted_key_list(tbl, sortfn)
		for idx = 1, len do cache[idx] = tbl[cache[idx]] end
		for idx = 1, wl do cache[len + idx] = tbl[words[idx]] end
	else
		cache, len = {}, 1
		for _, val in pairs(tbl) do cache[len], len = val, len + 1 end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + argc, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_calling|template name|[call
--            style]|[let/use]|[...]|[let/use]|[...]|[number of additional
--            parameters]|[parameter 1]|[parameter 2]|[...]|[parameter N]|pipe to
library.renaming_by_calling = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local tname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_calling’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local rargs, argc, looptype, karg, varg, tbl, mem =
		load_callback_opts(opts, offs + 1, mapping_styles.names_only,
			ctx.params)
	local model = { title = tname, args = rargs }
	map_names(tbl, rargs, karg, varg, looptype, function ()
		return ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
	end)
	for key, val in pairs(mem) do tbl[key] = val end
	ctx.params = tbl
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_invoking|module name|function
--            name|[call style]|[let/use]|[...]|[let/use]|[...]|[number of
--            additional arguments]|[argument 1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument
--            N]|pipe to
library.renaming_by_invoking = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local mname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_invoking’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	local fname = opts[offs + 2] and opts[offs + 2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_invoking’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local rargs, argc, looptype, karg, varg, tbl, mem =
		load_callback_opts(opts, offs + 2, mapping_styles.names_only,
			ctx.params)
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = rargs }
	local mfunc = require(model.title)[fname]
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_invoking’: The function ‘' .. fname .. '’ does not exist', 0) end
	map_names(tbl, rargs, karg, varg, looptype, function ()
		return tostring(mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model)))
	end)
	for key, val in pairs(mem) do tbl[key] = val end
	ctx.params = tbl
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_magic|parser function|[call
--            style]|[let/use]|[...]|[let/use]|[...]|[number of additional
--            arguments]|[argument 1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.renaming_by_magic = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local magic = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_magic’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	local rargs, argc, looptype, karg, varg, tbl, mem =
		load_callback_opts(opts, offs + 1, mapping_styles.names_only,
			ctx.params)
	map_names(tbl, rargs, karg, varg, looptype, function ()
		return ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, rargs)
	end)
	for key, val in pairs(mem) do tbl[key] = val end
	ctx.params = tbl
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_replacing|target|replace|[count]|[plain
--            flag]|pipe to
library.renaming_by_replacing = function (ctx)
	local ptn, repl, nmax, flg, argc, die, tn =
		load_replace_args(ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos, 'renaming_by_replacing')
	if die then return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if flg == 3 then
		ptn = get_param_name(ptn)
		local val = tbl[ptn]
		if val ~= nil then
			tbl[ptn], tbl[get_param_name(repl)] = nil, val
		end
	else
		if flg == 2 then
			-- Copied from Module:String's `str._escapePattern()`
			ptn = ptn:gsub('[%(%)%.%%%+%-%*%?%[%^%$%]]', '%%%0')
		end
		local cache = {}
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache,
				tostring(key):gsub(ptn, repl, nmax))
		end
		for key, val in pairs(cache) do tbl[key] = val end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_mixing|mixing string|pipe to
library.renaming_by_mixing = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local mix = ctx.pipe[ctx.fnpos + 1]
	if mix == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_mixing’: No mixing string was provided', 0) end
	local cache = {}
	mix = mix:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
	if mix == '$@' then
		for _, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
			cache[get_param_name(val)] = val
		end
	else
		local skel, canvas, n_parts = parse_placeholder_string(mix)
		for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
			for idx = 2, n_parts, 2 do
				if skel[idx] then canvas[idx] = val
				else canvas[idx] = tostring(key) end
			end
			cache[get_param_name(table.concat(canvas))] = val
		end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|grouping_by_calling|template
--            name|[let/use]|[...]|[let/use]|[...]|[number of additional
--            arguments]|[argument 1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.grouping_by_calling = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local tmp, argc, tbl, mem =
		load_child_opts(opts, offs + 2, 0, ctx.params)
	local gargs = {}
	for key, val in pairs(tmp) do
		if type(key) == 'number' and key &lt; 1 then gargs[key - 1] = val
		else gargs[key] = val end
	end
	tmp = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if tmp == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘grouping_by_calling’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = tmp }
	local groups = make_groups(tbl)
	for gid, group in pairs(groups) do
		for key, val in pairs(gargs) do group[key] = val end
		group[0], model.args = gid, group
		groups[gid] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
	end
	for key, val in pairs(mem) do groups[key] = val end
	ctx.params = groups
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|parsing|string to parse|[trim flag]|[iteration
--            delimiter setter]|[...]|[key-value delimiter setter]|[...]|pipe to
library.parsing = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘parsing’: No string to parse was provided', 0) end
	local isep, iplain, psep, pplain, trimnamed, trimunnamed, argc, tn =
		load_parse_opts(opts, offs + 2, '|', '=')
	parse_parameter_string(ctx.params, opts[offs + 1], isep, iplain, psep,
		pplain, trimnamed, trimunnamed)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|reinterpreting|parameter to reinterpret|[trim
--            flag]|[iteration delimiter setter]|[...]|[key-value delimiter
--            setter]|[...]|pipe to
library.reinterpreting = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘reinterpreting’: No parameter to reinterpret was provided', 0) end
	local isep, iplain, psep, pplain, trimnamed, trimunnamed, argc, tn =
		load_parse_opts(opts, offs + 2, '|', '=')
	local tbl, tmp = ctx.params, get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])
	local str = tbl[tmp]
	if str ~= nil then
		tbl[tmp] = nil
		parse_parameter_string(tbl, str, isep, iplain, psep, pplain,
			trimnamed, trimunnamed)
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|evaluating|string to parse|[trim flag]|[iteration
--            delimiter setter]|[...]|[key-value delimiter setter]|[...]|pipe to
library.evaluating = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘evaluating’: No string to parse was provided', 0) end
	local isep, iplain, psep, pplain, trimnamed, trimunnamed, repos, tn =
		load_parse_opts(opts, offs + 2, '!', ':')
	if opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' == nil then
		remove_numeric_keys(opts, offs, repos - offs)
		return context_iterate(ctx, offs, tn)
	end
	local new_opts, cache = {}, {}
	parse_parameter_string(cache, opts[offs + 1], isep, iplain, psep,
		pplain, trimnamed, trimunnamed)
	local shift = #cache + offs - repos + 1
	for key, val in pairs(opts) do
		if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &lt; offs then new_opts[key] = val
		elseif key &gt;= repos then new_opts[key + shift] = val end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(cache) do
		if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &lt; 1 then new_opts[key] = val
		else new_opts[key + offs] = val end
	end
	ctx.pipe = new_opts
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mixing_names_and_values|mixing string|pipe to
library.mixing_names_and_values = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mixing_names_and_values’: No mixing string was provided for parameter names', 0) end
	if opts[offs + 2] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mixing_names_and_values’: No mixing string was provided for parameter values', 0) end
	local tmp
	local cache, mix_k, mix_v =
		{}, opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$', opts[offs + 2]
	if mix_k == '$@' and mix_v == '$@' then
		for _, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
			cache[get_param_name(val)] = val
		end
	elseif mix_k == '$@' and mix_v == '$#' then
		for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
			cache[get_param_name(val)] = tostring(key)
		end
	elseif mix_k == '$#' and mix_v == '$#' then
		for key in pairs(ctx.params) do cache[key] = tostring(key) end
	else
		local skel_k, cnv_k, n_parts_k = parse_placeholder_string(mix_k)
		local skel_v, cnv_v, n_parts_v = parse_placeholder_string(mix_v)
		for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
			tmp = tostring(key)
			for idx = 2, n_parts_k, 2 do
				if skel_k[idx] then cnv_k[idx] = val
				else cnv_k[idx] = tmp end
			end
			for idx = 2, n_parts_v, 2 do
				if skel_v[idx] then cnv_v[idx] = val
				else cnv_v[idx] = tmp end
			end
			cache[get_param_name(table.concat(cnv_k))] =
				table.concat(cnv_v)
		end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|combining|new parameter name|[sort
--            order]|[with/without flushed glue]|setting directives|...|pipe to
library.combining = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	return context_iterate(ctx, combine_parameters(
		ctx,
		function (key, val, kvs) return key .. kvs .. val end,
		'combining'
	))
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|combining_values|new parameter name|[sort
--            order]|[with/without flushed glue]|setting directives|...|pipe to
library.combining_values = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	return context_iterate(ctx, combine_parameters(
		ctx,
		function (key, val, kvs) return val end,
		'combining_values'
	))
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|combining_by_calling|template name|new parameter
--            name|pipe to
library.combining_by_calling = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local tname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_calling’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	if opts[offs + 2] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_calling’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	ctx.params = {
		[get_param_name(opts[offs + 2])] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate{
			title = tname,
			args = ctx.params
		}
	}
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|combining_by_invoking|module name|function name|new
--            parameter name|pipe to
library.combining_by_invoking = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local mname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_invoking’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	local fname = opts[offs + 2] and opts[offs + 2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_invoking’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	if opts[offs + 3] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_invoking’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = ctx.params }
	local mfunc = require(model.title)[fname]
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_invoking’: The function ‘' .. fname .. '’ does not exist', 0) end
	ctx.params = {
		[get_param_name(opts[offs + 3])] =
			tostring(mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model)))
	}
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 4)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|combining_by_magic|parser function|new parameter
--            name|pipe to
library.combining_by_magic = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local magic = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_magic’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	if opts[offs + 2] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_magic’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	ctx.params = {
		[get_param_name(opts[offs + 2])] =
			ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, ctx.params)
	}
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|snapshotting|[maximum number]|pipe to
library.snapshotting = function (ctx)
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos +
		make_child(ctx, ctx.params, 'snapshotting'))
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|remembering|[maximum number]|pipe to
library.remembering = function (ctx)
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos +
		make_child(ctx, ctx.oparams, 'remembering'))
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|entering_substack|[new]|pipe to
library.entering_substack = function (ctx)
	local tbl, opts, offs, ncurrparent =
		ctx.params, ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos, ctx.n_parents + 1
	local tn = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if ctx.parents == nil then ctx.parents = { tbl }
	else ctx.parents[ncurrparent] = tbl end
	ctx.n_parents = ncurrparent
	if tn == 'new' then
		ctx.params = {}
		return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 2)
	end
	local currsnap = ctx.n_children
	if currsnap &gt; 0 then
		ctx.params, ctx.children[currsnap], ctx.n_children =
			ctx.children[currsnap], nil, currsnap - 1
	else
		local newparams = {}
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do newparams[key] = val end
		ctx.params = newparams
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 1, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|pulling|parameter name|pipe to
library.pulling = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘pulling’: No parameter to pull was provided', 0) end
	local tmp = ctx.n_parents
	local parent = tmp &lt; 1 and ctx.oparams or ctx.parents[tmp]
	tmp = get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])
	if parent[tmp] ~= nil then ctx.params[tmp] = parent[tmp] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|recalling|parameter name|pipe to
library.recalling = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘recalling’: No parameter to recall was provided', 0) end
	local arg = get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])
	if ctx.oparams[arg] ~= nil then ctx.params[arg] = ctx.oparams[arg] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|finding|parameter name|pipe to
--[[
library.finding = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘finding’: No parameter to find was provided', 0) end
	local arg = get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])
	local parent
	for idx = ctx.n_parents, 1, -1 do
		parent = ctx.parents[idx]
		if parent[arg] ~= nil then
			ctx.params[arg] = parent[arg]
			return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 2)
		end
	end
	if ctx.oparams[arg] ~= nil then ctx.params[arg] = ctx.oparams[arg] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 2)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|picking|number of parameters to pick|pipe to
--[[
library.picking = function (ctx)
	local len = tonumber(ctx.pipe[ctx.fnpos + 1])
	if len == nil or len &lt; 1 or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename ..
		', ‘picking’: The number of parameters to pick must be an integer greater than zero', 0) end
	if ctx.n_parents &lt; 1 then copy_table_maxn(ctx.params, ctx.oparams, len)
	else copy_table_maxn(ctx.params, ctx.parents[ctx.n_parents], len) end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 2)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|detaching_substack|pipe to
library.detaching_substack = function (ctx)
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents
	if ncurrparent &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘detaching_substack’: No substacks have been created', 0) end
	local parent = ctx.parents[ncurrparent]
	for key in pairs(ctx.params) do parent[key] = nil end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|dropping_substack|pipe to
library.dropping_substack = function (ctx)
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents
	if ncurrparent &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘dropping_substack’: No substacks have been created', 0) end
	ctx.params, ctx.parents[ncurrparent], ctx.n_parents =
		ctx.parents[ncurrparent], nil, ncurrparent - 1
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|leaving_substack|pipe to
library.leaving_substack = function (ctx)
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents
	if ncurrparent &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘leaving_substack’: No substacks have been created', 0) end
	local currsnap = ctx.n_children + 1
	if ctx.children == nil then ctx.children = { ctx.params }
	else ctx.children[currsnap] = ctx.params end
	ctx.params, ctx.parents[ncurrparent], ctx.n_parents, ctx.n_children =
		ctx.parents[ncurrparent], nil, ncurrparent - 1, currsnap
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|merging_substack|pipe to
library.merging_substack = function (ctx)
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents
	if ncurrparent &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘merging_substack’: No substack has been created', 0) end
	local parent, child = ctx.parents[ncurrparent], ctx.params
	ctx.params, ctx.parents[ncurrparent], ctx.n_parents = parent, nil,
		ncurrparent - 1
	for key, val in pairs(child) do parent[key] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|flushing|pipe to
library.flushing = function (ctx)
	if ctx.n_children &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘flushing’: There are no substacks to flush', 0) end
	local parent, currsnap = ctx.params, ctx.n_children
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.children[currsnap]) do parent[key] = val end
	ctx.children[currsnap], ctx.n_children = nil, currsnap - 1
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|setting_by_flushing|pipe to
library.setting_by_flushing = function (ctx)
	set_strings_from_substack(ctx, ctx, 'setting_by_flushing')
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


	--[[ Functions ]]--
	-----------------------------


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|count
library.count = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable!
	local retval = 0
	for _ in ctx.iterfunc(ctx.params) do retval = retval + 1 end
	if ctx.subset == -1 then retval = retval - #ctx.params end
	ctx.text = retval
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:args|concat_and_call|template name|[prepend 1]|[prepend 2]|
--            [...]|[item n]|[named item 1=value 1]|[...]|[named item n=value
--            n]|[...]
library.concat_and_call = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable!
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local tname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_call’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	ctx.text = ctx.frame:expandTemplate{
		title = tname,
		args = concat_params(ctx, offs + 1)
	}
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:args|concat_and_invoke|module name|function name|[prepend
--            1]|[prepend 2]|[...]|[item n]|[named item 1=value 1]|[...]|[named
--            item n=value n]|[...]
library.concat_and_invoke = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable!
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local mname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_invoke’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	local fname = opts[offs + 2] and opts[offs + 2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_invoke’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local mfunc = require('Module:' .. mname)[fname]
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_invoke’: The function ‘' .. fname .. '’ does not exist', 0) end
	ctx.text = mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild{
		title = 'Module:' .. mname,
		args = concat_params(ctx, offs + 2)
	})
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:args|concat_and_magic|parser function|[prepend 1]|[prepend
--            2]|[...]|[item n]|[named item 1=value 1]|[...]|[named item n=
--            value n]|[...]
library.concat_and_magic = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable!
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local magic = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_magic’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	ctx.text = ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic,
		concat_params(ctx, offs + 1))
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|value_of|parameter name
library.value_of = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable!
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘value_of’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	local val
	local key = opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
	if key == '0' or key:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
		key = tonumber(key)
		val = ctx.params[key]
		-- No worries: #ctx.params is unused when the modifier is in
		-- first position (and therefore `ctx.params` is a metatable)
		if val ~= nil and (
			ctx.subset ~= -1 or key &gt; #ctx.params or key &lt; 1
		) and (
			ctx.subset ~= 1 or (key &lt;= #ctx.params and key &gt; 0)
		) then
			ctx.text = (ctx.header or '') .. val ..
				(ctx.footer or '')
		else ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or '' end
	else
		val = ctx.params[key]
		if ctx.subset ~= 1 and val ~= nil then ctx.text = (ctx.header
			or '') .. val .. (ctx.footer or '')
		else ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or '' end
	end
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|list
library.list = function (ctx)
	local ret, nss, kvs, pps = {}, 0, ctx.pairsep or '', ctx.itersep or ''
	flush_params(ctx, function (key, val)
		ret[nss + 1], ret[nss + 2], ret[nss + 3], ret[nss + 4], nss =
			pps, key, kvs, val, nss + 4
	end)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 4)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|list_values
library.list_values = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `library.coins()` and `library.unique_coins()` rely on us
	local ret, nss, pps = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	flush_params(ctx, function (key, val)
		ret[nss + 1], ret[nss + 2], nss = pps, val, nss + 2
	end)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|list_maybe_with_names
library.list_maybe_with_names = function (ctx)
	local ret, nss, kvs, pps = {}, 0, ctx.pairsep or '', ctx.itersep or ''
	mixed_flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			ret[nss + 1], ret[nss + 2], ret[nss + 3],
				ret[nss + 4], nss = pps, '', '', val, nss + 4
		end,
		function (key, val)
			ret[nss + 1], ret[nss + 2], ret[nss + 3],
				ret[nss + 4], nss = pps, key, kvs, val, nss + 4
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 4)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|for_each|wikitext
library.for_each = function (ctx)
	local ret, nss, pps, txt =
		{}, 0, ctx.itersep or '', ctx.pipe[ctx.fnpos + 1] or ''
	local skel, cnv, n_parts = parse_placeholder_string(txt)
	flush_params(ctx, function (key, val)
		for idx = 2, n_parts, 2 do
			if skel[idx] then cnv[idx] = val
			else cnv[idx] = tostring(key) end
		end
		ret[nss + 1], nss = pps, nss + 2
		ret[nss] = table.concat(cnv)
	end)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|call_for_each|template name|[append 1]|[append 2]|
--            [...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.call_for_each = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local tname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘call_for_each’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local cargs = copy_table_reduced(opts, 1, offs - 1)
	local model, ret, nss, ccs =
		{ title = tname, args = cargs }, {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	flush_params(ctx, function (key, val)
		cargs[1], cargs[2], ret[nss + 1], nss = key, val, ccs, nss + 2
		ret[nss] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
	end)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|invoke_for_each|module name|module function|[append
--            1]|[append 2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|
--            [named param n=value n]|[...]
library.invoke_for_each = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local mname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	local fname = opts[offs + 2] and opts[offs + 2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local iargs = copy_table_reduced(ctx.pipe, 1, offs)
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = iargs }
	local mfunc, ret, nss, ccs =
		require(model.title)[fname], {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each’: The function ‘' .. fname .. '’ does not exist', 0) end
	flush_params(ctx, function (key, val)
		iargs[1], iargs[2], ret[nss + 1], nss = key, val, ccs, nss + 2
		ret[nss] = mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model))
	end)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|magic_for_each|parser function|[append 1]|[append
--            2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.magic_for_each = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local magic = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘magic_for_each’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	local ret, nss, ccs, cargs = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or '',
		copy_table_reduced(opts, 1, offs - 1)
	flush_params(ctx, function (key, val)
		cargs[1], cargs[2], ret[nss + 1], nss = key, val, ccs, nss + 2
		ret[nss] = ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, cargs)

	end)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|call_for_each_value|template name|[append 1]|[append
--            2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.call_for_each_value = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local tname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘call_for_each_value’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local cargs = copy_table_reduced(ctx.pipe, 1, offs)
	local model = { title = tname, args = cargs }
	local ret, nss, ccs = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	flush_params(ctx, function (key, val)
		cargs[1], ret[nss + 1], nss = val, ccs, nss + 2
		ret[nss] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
	end)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|invoke_for_each_value|module name|[append 1]|[append
--            2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.invoke_for_each_value = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local mname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each_value’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	local fname = opts[offs + 2] and opts[offs + 2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each_value’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local iargs = copy_table_reduced(ctx.pipe, 1, offs + 1)
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = iargs }
	local mfunc, ret, nss, ccs =
		require(model.title)[fname], {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each_value’: The function ‘' .. fname .. '’ does not exist', 0) end
	flush_params(ctx, function (key, val)
		iargs[1], ret[nss + 1], nss = val, ccs, nss + 2
		ret[nss] = mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model))
	end)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|magic_for_each_value|parser function|[append 1]|
--            [append 2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named
--            param n=value n]|[...]
library.magic_for_each_value = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local magic = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘magic_for_each_value’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	local cargs, ret, nss, ccs =
		copy_table_reduced(opts, 1, offs), {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	flush_params(ctx, function (key, val)
		cargs[1], ret[nss + 1], nss = val, ccs, nss + 2
		ret[nss] = ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, cargs)
	end)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|call_for_each_group|template name|[append 1]|[append
--            2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.call_for_each_group = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable!
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local tmp = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if tmp == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘call_for_each_group’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = tmp }
	local bargs, ret, nss, ccs = {}, {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	for key, val in pairs(opts) do
		if type(key) ~= 'number' then bargs[key] = val
		elseif key &gt; offs then bargs[key - offs - 1] = val
		elseif key &lt; 1 then bargs[key - 1] = val end
	end
	ctx.params = make_groups(ctx.params)
	flush_params(ctx, function (gid, group)
		for key, val in pairs(bargs) do group[key] = val end
		group[0], model.args, ret[nss + 1], nss = gid, group, ccs,
			nss + 2
		ret[nss] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
	end)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


	--[[ First-position-only modifiers ]]--
	---------------------------------------


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|new|pipe to
static_iface.new = function (child_frame)
	local ctx = context_new(child_frame, 'new')
	ctx.params = {}
	main_loop(ctx, context_iterate(ctx, 2))
	return ctx.text
end


	--[[ First-position-only functions ]]--
	---------------------------------------


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|self
static_iface.self = function (child_frame)
	return child_frame:getParent():getTitle()
end


	--[[ Public metatable of functions ]]--
	---------------------------------------


return setmetatable({}, {
	__index = function (_, query)
		local fname = query:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
		if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
			': You must specify a function to call', 0) end
		local func = static_iface[fname]
		if func ~= nil then return func end
		func = library[fname]
		if func == nil then error(modulename ..
			': The function ‘' .. fname .. '’ does not exist', 0) end
		return function (child_frame)
			local ctx = context_new(child_frame, fname)
			ctx.params = copy_or_ref_table(ctx.oparams,
				refparams[fname])
			main_loop(ctx, func)
			return ctx.text
		end
	end
})</text>
      <sha1>ed6uj3jkl9sb18ckis1vsieht07yb7c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5779</id>
    <revision>
      <id>197894</id>
      <parentid>197847</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-27T19:14:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ</username>
        <id>10568</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>197894</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="25788" sha1="cmqjnpif2doeojcwd4a3zwyaeld1ftq" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]: ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّانِي، ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Hassan II) ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 9 [[ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]] ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ [[1999]] ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ ⴳ [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]], ⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ&quot; ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⵙⴳ 26 [[ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ]] [[1961]] ⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:King Hassan II with Mohammed VI.jpg|thumb|172x172px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]]]

ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⴱⴹⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵏⴽⴰ. ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵏⵓⴼⵙⵍⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ&lt;ref&gt;Ignace Dalle, Fayard, 2011 &lt;small&gt;([[ISBN 978-2-213-63783-9|ISBN&amp;#x20;978-2-213-63783-9]], ⵖⵔ ⵜ [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ]).&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;ⴷ ⵜⵕⵥⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ &quot;ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴷⵓⵏ&quot;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|prénom1=Susan|nom1=Slyomovics|titre=Témoignages, écrits et silences : l’Instance Équité et Réconciliation (IER) marocaine et la réparation|périodique=L’Année du Maghreb|numéro={{IV}}|pages=123–148|date=2008-10-01|issn=1952-8108|doi=10.4000/anneemaghreb.435|lire en ligne=https://journals.openedition.org/anneemaghreb/435?lang=en|consulté le=2024-08-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre=L’Instance Équité et Réconciliation au Maroc : quels héritages ? ({{I}}) – Classe Internationale|url=https://classe-internationale.com/2018/05/31/linstance-equite-et-reconciliation-au-maroc-quels-heritages-i/|site=classe-internationale.com|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⴰⴳⴰⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵖⵔⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|prénom=Omar|nom=Brouksy|titre=Maroc. {{noble-|Hassan II}}, « pote » et despote|url=https://orientxxi.info/magazine/maroc-hassan-ii-pote-et-despote,3201|site={{noble-|Orient XXI}}|date=2019-07-22|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre={{noble-|HASSAN II}} : UN ABSOLUTISTE AUX MULTIPLES VISAGES - L'Humanité|url=https://www.humanite.fr/monde/-/hassan-ii-un-absolutiste-aux-multiples-visages|site=https://www.humanite.fr|date=1999-07-26|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Paul Balta|titre={{noble-|Hassan II}}, le roi qui a conjugué absolutisme et ouverture|périodique=journal|date=2009-07-27|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2009/07/27/hassan-ii-le-roi-qui-a-conjugue-absolutisme-et-ouverture_1223050_3212.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Jacques Mandelbaum|titre=&quot;Nos lieux interdits&quot; : enquête autour de disparus sous la dictature d'{{noble-|Hassan II}}|périodique=journal|date=2009-09-29|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/cinema/article/2009/09/29/nos-lieux-interdits-enquete-autour-de-disparus-sous-la-dictature-d-hassan-ii_1246743_3476.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵔⵙⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=Addis-Abeba: Une photo géante de feu SM {{noble-|Hassan II}}, Père fondateur de l’OUA, accrochée à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de l’UA|url=https://maroc-diplomatique.net/addis-abeba-photo-geante-de-feu-sm-hassan-ii-pere-fondateur-de-loua-accrochee-a-linterieur-de-lenceinte-de-lua/|site=maroc-diplomatique.net|date=27 juin 2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=L’Union du Maghreb arabe ? Vingt ans de blocages|url=https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/2009/04/09/l-union-du-maghreb-arabe-vingt-ans-de-blocages|site=courrierinternational.com|périodique=[[Courrier international]]|date=8 avril 2009|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Rétro-Verso : Quand la Garde Royale marocaine défilait sur les Champs-Élysées… », ''L'Opinion'', 24 juillet 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|titre=Hassan II, messager de la paix au Moyen-Orient ?|url=https://www.lorientlejour.com/article/1179919/hassan-ii-messager-de-la-paix-au-moyen-orient-.html|site=L'Orient-Le Jour|date=2019-07-23|consulté le=2026-09-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⴷⴱⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]], ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴳⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵍⴰⵀ]].

== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ==

=== ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴰⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉ ===
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;communiqué&quot;&gt;Voir le communiqué officiel en français reproduit dans {{article|titre=Naissance du prince héritier|périodique=[[L'Économiste]]|numéro=1515|lieu=Casablanca|jour=9|mois=mai|année=2003|lire en ligne=http://www.leconomiste.com/article/naissance-du-prince-heritier|consulté le=20 octobre 2015}}. Il y est écrit : {{citation|[[Mohammed VI|Sa Majesté le Roi]] […] a décidé de donner à Son Altesse Royale le Prince héritier, le [[prénom]] de [[Hassan du Maroc|Moulay Al Hassan]], du prénom de son auguste grand-père Feu Sa Majesté {{noble-|Hassan II}} […]}} (couramment appelé ainsi avant qu'il ne devienne roi).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵍ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⴷ [[ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵄⴱⵍⴰ]] ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ [[ⵟⵟⴰⵀⵕ]]. ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴼⴰⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⴱ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ. ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ (ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⵍⴰⵡⵉⵜ) ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ [[ⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜ]] ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=ar|auteur1=اسماعيل عزّام|titre=قضية المهدي بن بركة تعود للواجهة بقوة في المغرب بعد مرور نصف قرن على اختطافه|url=https://arabic.cnn.com/world/2015/10/31/ben-barka-morocco-0|accès url=payant|site=CNN Arabic|date=2015-10-30|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⴷⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⴽⴰⵍⵓⵔⵢⴰ ⴳ 1948&lt;ref&gt;Roger Coindreau et Charles Penz, Le Maroc: Maroc français, Maroc espagnol, Tanger, Société d'éditions géographiques, maritimes et coloniales, 1949 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 60.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ ⴳ [[ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ|ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ]], ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ]]&lt;ref&gt;Philippe Marchat, Le Maroc et &quot;les puissances&quot;: Un empire convoité - De 711 à 1942, Editions L'Harmattan, 1er juillet 2013 (ISBN 978-2-296-54022-4, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 17.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴷⴳ 1951&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵢⴰⵎⵥ ⴰⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ ⴳ 1952&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⵜⵜⵓⴳ ⵉ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;ⵓⵎⵉ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1953&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵓⵍⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ [[1955]]. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ, ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵓⵏⴱⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⴰⵊⵓⵊⵉ&quot; ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⵓⵔ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴷⵓ ⴳ 25 [[ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ]] 1963&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵣⵉⴽ ⵙ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎⴰⵙⵉⵜ. ⴷⴳ [[1943]], ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ]] ([[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ]]), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵡⵉⵏⵚⵟⵓⵏ ⵜⵛⵓⵔⵜⵛⵉⵍ]] ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵍⵉⵏ ⵕⵓⵥⴼⵉⵍⵜ]]; ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ [[ⵉⵎⵥⵟⵟⵉⴹⵏ]] ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⵓⵕⵓⴱⵜ]].

ⴷ ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵔⵣⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⵖⵔ ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⵍⴷ ⵉ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, ⵏⵏⵉ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵕⴰⴳⵎⴰⵜⵉⵜ ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ — ⵉⴼⵔⴽⵏ (ⵙ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵕⵓⵣⴼⵉⵍⵜ) ⵙ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ|ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ]]. ⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵔ ⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ. ⴳ 1952, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⵜⵜⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⵎⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ.

ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵖⵔ ⴽⵓⵔⵙⵉⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵣⵓⵏⵣⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵖⵔ ⵎⴰⴹⴰⴳⴰⵚⴽⴰⵕ, ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⴷ ⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1955.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴷⴳ 1956, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵎⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ — ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ — ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⴳ 9 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1957.

== ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ==

=== ⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⴳ 3 [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1961, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ.

=== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ===
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Hassan II, Marrakech, 1966.jpg|thumb|left|220x220px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ([[ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ]], [[1966]])]]

ⵖⵉⴽⴽ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵢⵓⵍⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⵖⵜⵙ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴱⴷⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴽⵕⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵜⵃⵎⵍ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ (ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵓⴼⵉⵍⵉ) ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵏⵏⵉ ⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⵔ ⵉ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ, ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳⵜ, ⵙ ⵜⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵜⴰ ⴳⵓⵕⵓⵏⵢⵓ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⵉⴷⵙ ⵙⴳ 1956&lt;ref&gt;Yabiladi.com, « Paquita Gorroño, la &quot;passionnée de Rabat&quot; n’est plus [archive] », sur yabiladi.com, 23 août 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1962, ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵥⵏ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵍⵖⴰ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵏ; ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵎ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵎⵏⵏ&quot; ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰ&quot;ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵥⴰⵕⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⵏⵏⴰⵕⵏ&quot;.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⵜⴹⵕ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵢⵢⵓⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵥⵍⵎⴰⴹⵜ, ⵜⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵜ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵡⴰⴹ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ ⴳ 1965 — ⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵥⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ. ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1965, ⵉⵏⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ|ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ]] ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]] ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵖⵏⵙⴰ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴷ [[ⵢⵓⵙⴼ ⴱⵍⵄⴱⴱⴰⵙ]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴷⵍⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵏⵏⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⴳ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ 16 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴷⵔⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref name=&quot;orientxxi20190722&quot;/&gt;{{,}}&lt;ref name=&quot;jeuneafrique2005&quot;&gt;{{Lien web |auteur=Omar Brouksy |titre=Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? |url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/86510/archives-thematique/que-s-est-il-vraiment-pass-le-23-mars-1965/ |site=jeuneafrique.com |date=21 mars 2005 |consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⴰⴳⵏⵜ ⵜⵖⵏⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴽⵕⴹⵉ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ; ⵙ ⵉⵙⵔⴳ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⴷ ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Omar Brouksy, « Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 21 mars 2005 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴳ 29 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵓⴽⵔⵏ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⴽ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵏ ⵊⵉⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ (ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵍⵉⴱ Lipp),  ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⵔⴰ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥⵏ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹ ⵖⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ&lt;ref&gt;Saïd Bouamama, Figures de la révolution africaine, La Découverte, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⴰⵙⵎⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ: ⵙ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵟⵕⴼⴰⵢⴰ (1958) ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⵉⴼⵏⵉ (1969)&lt;ref&gt;École de politique appliquée de l'Université de Sherbrooke, « Fin du conflit d'Ifni entre le Maroc et l'Espagne [archive] », sur perspective.usherbrooke.ca.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵛⴽ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ.

ⴳ 10 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1971, ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴽⵛⵎⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 1200 ⵏ ⵓⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙ&lt;ref&gt;« Coup d’Etat : Skhirat, L’histoire du putsch revue et corrigée », sur actuel.ma, Actuel no 115, 4 novembre 2011 (version du 4 février 2012 sur archive.org).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵜⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵚⵚⵅⵉⵕⴰⵜ, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵉⴹⵉ (ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵎⵙⵇⴰⴷ ⴰⴱⵉⵍⵊⵉⴽⵉ ⵛⴰⵕⵍ ⴳⵉⵜⴰ &quot;Charles Guetta&quot;, ⴷ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍⵏ, ⴷ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ), ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴽⵛⵜⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵓⵍⵢⵓⵜⵏⴰⵏ-ⴽⵓⵍⵓⵏⵉⵍ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⴱⵓ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⵍⵎⴷⴱⵓⵃ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴼⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔⵏ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Dix officiers, dont quatre généraux ont été fusillés au Maroc », Le Monde.fr,‎ 14 juillet 1971 (lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 10 mars 2023).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⵖⵔ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵟⵟⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ.

ⴷ ⴳ 16 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1972, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵓⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]] ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⴳⵉ ⴰⴳⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵖⵔ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵜ, ⵉⵏⵖⴰ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ ⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵜⴳⵉⴼ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ (ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵓⴼⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵡⵜ). ⴷ ⴳ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⴼⵓⴽⴽⴰ ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏⵜ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵎⵥ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴼⵓⴼⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ|ⵜⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]]&lt;ref&gt;Jeanne Fouet-Fauvernier, Écritures de la survie en milieu carcéral. Autobiographies de prisonniers marocains des « années de plomb », L’Harmattan, Paris, 2019, 304 p.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Arezki Metref, « Hassan II et son jardin secret », Le Monde diplomatique,‎ mai 2020, p. 25.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵖⵎⵙ &quot;ⵓⵔⵢⴰⵏ 21&quot; (Orient XXI)&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵀⴰⵜ ⴰⵍⵉⴽⵙⴰⵏⴷⵕ ⴷⵉ ⵎⴰⵕⴰⵏⵛ, ⴰⵏⵎⵀⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵎ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵙⵙⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵓⵎⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡⵜ&quot; ⴳ 1975 (ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ) ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⴼⴽⴰ ⵜⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵣⵎⵣ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵜⵜⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ&lt;ref&gt;François Musseau, « Sahara-Occidental : «Seule la violence fera parler» [archive] », sur Libération&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jean Ziegler, « Hassan II, l'Europe et le Sahara », Le Nouvel Afrique-Asie,‎ 1996, p. 28 (lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
== ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Mohammed V 1950.jpg|thumb|left|200x200px|ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⴷⴳ [[1950]].]]

* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵎⵔⵢⵎ
* [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]
* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⵙⵎⴰ
* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵃⴰⵙⵏⴰ
* ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ

==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} 
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{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
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'''ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]: ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّانِي، ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Hassan II) ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 9 [[ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]] ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ [[1999]] ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ ⴳ [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]], ⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ&quot; ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⵙⴳ 26 [[ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ]] [[1961]] ⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:King Hassan II with Mohammed VI.jpg|thumb|172x172px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]]]

ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⴱⴹⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵏⴽⴰ. ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵏⵓⴼⵙⵍⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ&lt;ref&gt;Ignace Dalle, Fayard, 2011 &lt;small&gt;([[ISBN 978-2-213-63783-9|ISBN&amp;#x20;978-2-213-63783-9]], ⵖⵔ ⵜ [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ]).&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;ⴷ ⵜⵕⵥⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ &quot;ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴷⵓⵏ&quot;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|prénom1=Susan|nom1=Slyomovics|titre=Témoignages, écrits et silences : l’Instance Équité et Réconciliation (IER) marocaine et la réparation|périodique=L’Année du Maghreb|numéro={{IV}}|pages=123–148|date=2008-10-01|issn=1952-8108|doi=10.4000/anneemaghreb.435|lire en ligne=https://journals.openedition.org/anneemaghreb/435?lang=en|consulté le=2024-08-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre=L’Instance Équité et Réconciliation au Maroc : quels héritages ? ({{I}}) – Classe Internationale|url=https://classe-internationale.com/2018/05/31/linstance-equite-et-reconciliation-au-maroc-quels-heritages-i/|site=classe-internationale.com|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⴰⴳⴰⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵖⵔⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|prénom=Omar|nom=Brouksy|titre=Maroc. {{noble-|Hassan II}}, « pote » et despote|url=https://orientxxi.info/magazine/maroc-hassan-ii-pote-et-despote,3201|site={{noble-|Orient XXI}}|date=2019-07-22|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre={{noble-|HASSAN II}} : UN ABSOLUTISTE AUX MULTIPLES VISAGES - L'Humanité|url=https://www.humanite.fr/monde/-/hassan-ii-un-absolutiste-aux-multiples-visages|site=https://www.humanite.fr|date=1999-07-26|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Paul Balta|titre={{noble-|Hassan II}}, le roi qui a conjugué absolutisme et ouverture|périodique=journal|date=2009-07-27|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2009/07/27/hassan-ii-le-roi-qui-a-conjugue-absolutisme-et-ouverture_1223050_3212.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Jacques Mandelbaum|titre=&quot;Nos lieux interdits&quot; : enquête autour de disparus sous la dictature d'{{noble-|Hassan II}}|périodique=journal|date=2009-09-29|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/cinema/article/2009/09/29/nos-lieux-interdits-enquete-autour-de-disparus-sous-la-dictature-d-hassan-ii_1246743_3476.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵔⵙⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=Addis-Abeba: Une photo géante de feu SM {{noble-|Hassan II}}, Père fondateur de l’OUA, accrochée à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de l’UA|url=https://maroc-diplomatique.net/addis-abeba-photo-geante-de-feu-sm-hassan-ii-pere-fondateur-de-loua-accrochee-a-linterieur-de-lenceinte-de-lua/|site=maroc-diplomatique.net|date=27 juin 2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=L’Union du Maghreb arabe ? Vingt ans de blocages|url=https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/2009/04/09/l-union-du-maghreb-arabe-vingt-ans-de-blocages|site=courrierinternational.com|périodique=[[Courrier international]]|date=8 avril 2009|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Rétro-Verso : Quand la Garde Royale marocaine défilait sur les Champs-Élysées… », ''L'Opinion'', 24 juillet 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|titre=Hassan II, messager de la paix au Moyen-Orient ?|url=https://www.lorientlejour.com/article/1179919/hassan-ii-messager-de-la-paix-au-moyen-orient-.html|site=L'Orient-Le Jour|date=2019-07-23|consulté le=2026-09-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Mohammed V 1950.jpg|thumb|left|200x200px|ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⴷⴳ [[1950]].]]
ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⴷⴱⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]], ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴳⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵍⴰⵀ]].

== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ==

=== ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴰⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉ ===
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;communiqué&quot;&gt;Voir le communiqué officiel en français reproduit dans {{article|titre=Naissance du prince héritier|périodique=[[L'Économiste]]|numéro=1515|lieu=Casablanca|jour=9|mois=mai|année=2003|lire en ligne=http://www.leconomiste.com/article/naissance-du-prince-heritier|consulté le=20 octobre 2015}}. Il y est écrit : {{citation|[[Mohammed VI|Sa Majesté le Roi]] […] a décidé de donner à Son Altesse Royale le Prince héritier, le [[prénom]] de [[Hassan du Maroc|Moulay Al Hassan]], du prénom de son auguste grand-père Feu Sa Majesté {{noble-|Hassan II}} […]}} (couramment appelé ainsi avant qu'il ne devienne roi).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵍ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⴷ [[ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵄⴱⵍⴰ]] ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ [[ⵟⵟⴰⵀⵕ]]. ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴼⴰⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⴱ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ. ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ (ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⵍⴰⵡⵉⵜ) ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ [[ⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜ]] ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=ar|auteur1=اسماعيل عزّام|titre=قضية المهدي بن بركة تعود للواجهة بقوة في المغرب بعد مرور نصف قرن على اختطافه|url=https://arabic.cnn.com/world/2015/10/31/ben-barka-morocco-0|accès url=payant|site=CNN Arabic|date=2015-10-30|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⴷⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⴽⴰⵍⵓⵔⵢⴰ ⴳ 1948&lt;ref&gt;Roger Coindreau et Charles Penz, Le Maroc: Maroc français, Maroc espagnol, Tanger, Société d'éditions géographiques, maritimes et coloniales, 1949 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 60.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ ⴳ [[ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ|ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ]], ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ]]&lt;ref&gt;Philippe Marchat, Le Maroc et &quot;les puissances&quot;: Un empire convoité - De 711 à 1942, Editions L'Harmattan, 1er juillet 2013 (ISBN 978-2-296-54022-4, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 17.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴷⴳ 1951&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵢⴰⵎⵥ ⴰⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ ⴳ 1952&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⵜⵜⵓⴳ ⵉ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;ⵓⵎⵉ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1953&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵓⵍⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ [[1955]]. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ, ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵓⵏⴱⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⴰⵊⵓⵊⵉ&quot; ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⵓⵔ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴷⵓ ⴳ 25 [[ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ]] 1963&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵣⵉⴽ ⵙ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎⴰⵙⵉⵜ. ⴷⴳ [[1943]], ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ]] ([[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ]]), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵡⵉⵏⵚⵟⵓⵏ ⵜⵛⵓⵔⵜⵛⵉⵍ]] ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵍⵉⵏ ⵕⵓⵥⴼⵉⵍⵜ]]; ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ [[ⵉⵎⵥⵟⵟⵉⴹⵏ]] ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⵓⵕⵓⴱⵜ]].

ⴷ ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵔⵣⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⵖⵔ ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⵍⴷ ⵉ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, ⵏⵏⵉ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵕⴰⴳⵎⴰⵜⵉⵜ ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ — ⵉⴼⵔⴽⵏ (ⵙ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵕⵓⵣⴼⵉⵍⵜ) ⵙ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ|ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ]]. ⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵔ ⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ. ⴳ 1952, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⵜⵜⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⵎⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ.

ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵖⵔ ⴽⵓⵔⵙⵉⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵣⵓⵏⵣⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵖⵔ ⵎⴰⴹⴰⴳⴰⵚⴽⴰⵕ, ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⴷ ⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1955.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴷⴳ 1956, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵎⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ — ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ — ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⴳ 9 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1957.

== ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ==

=== ⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⴳ 3 [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1961, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ.

=== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ===
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Hassan II, Marrakech, 1966.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ([[ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ]], [[1966]])]]

ⵖⵉⴽⴽ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵢⵓⵍⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⵖⵜⵙ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴱⴷⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴽⵕⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵜⵃⵎⵍ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ (ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵓⴼⵉⵍⵉ) ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵏⵏⵉ ⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⵔ ⵉ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ, ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳⵜ, ⵙ ⵜⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵜⴰ ⴳⵓⵕⵓⵏⵢⵓ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⵉⴷⵙ ⵙⴳ 1956&lt;ref&gt;Yabiladi.com, « Paquita Gorroño, la &quot;passionnée de Rabat&quot; n’est plus [archive] », sur yabiladi.com, 23 août 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1962, ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵥⵏ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵍⵖⴰ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵏ; ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵎ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵎⵏⵏ&quot; ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰ&quot;ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵥⴰⵕⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⵏⵏⴰⵕⵏ&quot;.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⵜⴹⵕ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵢⵢⵓⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵥⵍⵎⴰⴹⵜ, ⵜⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵜ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵡⴰⴹ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ ⴳ 1965 — ⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵥⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ. ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1965, ⵉⵏⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ|ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ]] ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]] ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵖⵏⵙⴰ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴷ [[ⵢⵓⵙⴼ ⴱⵍⵄⴱⴱⴰⵙ]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴷⵍⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵏⵏⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⴳ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ 16 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴷⵔⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref name=&quot;orientxxi20190722&quot;/&gt;{{,}}&lt;ref name=&quot;jeuneafrique2005&quot;&gt;{{Lien web |auteur=Omar Brouksy |titre=Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? |url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/86510/archives-thematique/que-s-est-il-vraiment-pass-le-23-mars-1965/ |site=jeuneafrique.com |date=21 mars 2005 |consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⴰⴳⵏⵜ ⵜⵖⵏⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴽⵕⴹⵉ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ; ⵙ ⵉⵙⵔⴳ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⴷ ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Omar Brouksy, « Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 21 mars 2005 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴳ 29 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵓⴽⵔⵏ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⴽ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵏ ⵊⵉⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ (ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵍⵉⴱ Lipp),  ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⵔⴰ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥⵏ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹ ⵖⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ&lt;ref&gt;Saïd Bouamama, Figures de la révolution africaine, La Découverte, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⴰⵙⵎⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ: ⵙ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵟⵕⴼⴰⵢⴰ (1958) ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⵉⴼⵏⵉ (1969)&lt;ref&gt;École de politique appliquée de l'Université de Sherbrooke, « Fin du conflit d'Ifni entre le Maroc et l'Espagne [archive] », sur perspective.usherbrooke.ca.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵛⴽ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ.

ⴳ 10 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1971, ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴽⵛⵎⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 1200 ⵏ ⵓⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙ&lt;ref&gt;« Coup d’Etat : Skhirat, L’histoire du putsch revue et corrigée », sur actuel.ma, Actuel no 115, 4 novembre 2011 (version du 4 février 2012 sur archive.org).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵜⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵚⵚⵅⵉⵕⴰⵜ, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵉⴹⵉ (ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵎⵙⵇⴰⴷ ⴰⴱⵉⵍⵊⵉⴽⵉ ⵛⴰⵕⵍ ⴳⵉⵜⴰ &quot;Charles Guetta&quot;, ⴷ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍⵏ, ⴷ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ), ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴽⵛⵜⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵓⵍⵢⵓⵜⵏⴰⵏ-ⴽⵓⵍⵓⵏⵉⵍ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⴱⵓ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⵍⵎⴷⴱⵓⵃ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴼⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔⵏ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Dix officiers, dont quatre généraux ont été fusillés au Maroc », Le Monde.fr,‎ 14 juillet 1971 (lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 10 mars 2023).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⵖⵔ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵟⵟⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ.

ⴷ ⴳ 16 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1972, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵓⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]] ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⴳⵉ ⴰⴳⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵖⵔ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵜ, ⵉⵏⵖⴰ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ ⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵜⴳⵉⴼ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ (ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵓⴼⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵡⵜ). ⴷ ⴳ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⴼⵓⴽⴽⴰ ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏⵜ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵎⵥ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴼⵓⴼⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ|ⵜⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]]&lt;ref&gt;Jeanne Fouet-Fauvernier, Écritures de la survie en milieu carcéral. Autobiographies de prisonniers marocains des « années de plomb », L’Harmattan, Paris, 2019, 304 p.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Arezki Metref, « Hassan II et son jardin secret », Le Monde diplomatique,‎ mai 2020, p. 25.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵖⵎⵙ &quot;ⵓⵔⵢⴰⵏ 21&quot; (Orient XXI)&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵀⴰⵜ ⴰⵍⵉⴽⵙⴰⵏⴷⵕ ⴷⵉ ⵎⴰⵕⴰⵏⵛ, ⴰⵏⵎⵀⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵎ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵙⵙⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵓⵎⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡⵜ&quot; ⴳ 1975 (ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ) ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⴼⴽⴰ ⵜⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵣⵎⵣ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵜⵜⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ&lt;ref&gt;François Musseau, « Sahara-Occidental : «Seule la violence fera parler» [archive] », sur Libération&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jean Ziegler, « Hassan II, l'Europe et le Sahara », Le Nouvel Afrique-Asie,‎ 1996, p. 28 (lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
== ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ==

* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵎⵔⵢⵎ
* [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]
* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⵙⵎⴰ
* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵃⴰⵙⵏⴰ
* ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ

==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} 
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{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
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'''ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]: ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّانِي، ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Hassan II) ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 9 [[ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]] ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ [[1999]] ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ ⴳ [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]], ⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ&quot; ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⵙⴳ 26 [[ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ]] [[1961]] ⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⴱⴹⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵏⴽⴰ. ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵏⵓⴼⵙⵍⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ&lt;ref&gt;Ignace Dalle, Fayard, 2011 &lt;small&gt;([[ISBN 978-2-213-63783-9|ISBN&amp;#x20;978-2-213-63783-9]], ⵖⵔ ⵜ [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ]).&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;ⴷ ⵜⵕⵥⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ &quot;ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴷⵓⵏ&quot;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|prénom1=Susan|nom1=Slyomovics|titre=Témoignages, écrits et silences : l’Instance Équité et Réconciliation (IER) marocaine et la réparation|périodique=L’Année du Maghreb|numéro={{IV}}|pages=123–148|date=2008-10-01|issn=1952-8108|doi=10.4000/anneemaghreb.435|lire en ligne=https://journals.openedition.org/anneemaghreb/435?lang=en|consulté le=2024-08-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre=L’Instance Équité et Réconciliation au Maroc : quels héritages ? ({{I}}) – Classe Internationale|url=https://classe-internationale.com/2018/05/31/linstance-equite-et-reconciliation-au-maroc-quels-heritages-i/|site=classe-internationale.com|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⴰⴳⴰⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵖⵔⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|prénom=Omar|nom=Brouksy|titre=Maroc. {{noble-|Hassan II}}, « pote » et despote|url=https://orientxxi.info/magazine/maroc-hassan-ii-pote-et-despote,3201|site={{noble-|Orient XXI}}|date=2019-07-22|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre={{noble-|HASSAN II}} : UN ABSOLUTISTE AUX MULTIPLES VISAGES - L'Humanité|url=https://www.humanite.fr/monde/-/hassan-ii-un-absolutiste-aux-multiples-visages|site=https://www.humanite.fr|date=1999-07-26|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Paul Balta|titre={{noble-|Hassan II}}, le roi qui a conjugué absolutisme et ouverture|périodique=journal|date=2009-07-27|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2009/07/27/hassan-ii-le-roi-qui-a-conjugue-absolutisme-et-ouverture_1223050_3212.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Jacques Mandelbaum|titre=&quot;Nos lieux interdits&quot; : enquête autour de disparus sous la dictature d'{{noble-|Hassan II}}|périodique=journal|date=2009-09-29|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/cinema/article/2009/09/29/nos-lieux-interdits-enquete-autour-de-disparus-sous-la-dictature-d-hassan-ii_1246743_3476.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵔⵙⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=Addis-Abeba: Une photo géante de feu SM {{noble-|Hassan II}}, Père fondateur de l’OUA, accrochée à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de l’UA|url=https://maroc-diplomatique.net/addis-abeba-photo-geante-de-feu-sm-hassan-ii-pere-fondateur-de-loua-accrochee-a-linterieur-de-lenceinte-de-lua/|site=maroc-diplomatique.net|date=27 juin 2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=L’Union du Maghreb arabe ? Vingt ans de blocages|url=https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/2009/04/09/l-union-du-maghreb-arabe-vingt-ans-de-blocages|site=courrierinternational.com|périodique=[[Courrier international]]|date=8 avril 2009|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Rétro-Verso : Quand la Garde Royale marocaine défilait sur les Champs-Élysées… », ''L'Opinion'', 24 juillet 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|titre=Hassan II, messager de la paix au Moyen-Orient ?|url=https://www.lorientlejour.com/article/1179919/hassan-ii-messager-de-la-paix-au-moyen-orient-.html|site=L'Orient-Le Jour|date=2019-07-23|consulté le=2026-09-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⴷⴱⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]], ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴳⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵍⴰⵀ]].

== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ==

=== ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴰⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉ ===
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;communiqué&quot;&gt;Voir le communiqué officiel en français reproduit dans {{article|titre=Naissance du prince héritier|périodique=[[L'Économiste]]|numéro=1515|lieu=Casablanca|jour=9|mois=mai|année=2003|lire en ligne=http://www.leconomiste.com/article/naissance-du-prince-heritier|consulté le=20 octobre 2015}}. Il y est écrit : {{citation|[[Mohammed VI|Sa Majesté le Roi]] […] a décidé de donner à Son Altesse Royale le Prince héritier, le [[prénom]] de [[Hassan du Maroc|Moulay Al Hassan]], du prénom de son auguste grand-père Feu Sa Majesté {{noble-|Hassan II}} […]}} (couramment appelé ainsi avant qu'il ne devienne roi).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵍ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⴷ [[ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵄⴱⵍⴰ]] ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ [[ⵟⵟⴰⵀⵕ]]. ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴼⴰⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⴱ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ. ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ (ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⵍⴰⵡⵉⵜ) ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ [[ⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜ]] ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=ar|auteur1=اسماعيل عزّام|titre=قضية المهدي بن بركة تعود للواجهة بقوة في المغرب بعد مرور نصف قرن على اختطافه|url=https://arabic.cnn.com/world/2015/10/31/ben-barka-morocco-0|accès url=payant|site=CNN Arabic|date=2015-10-30|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⴷⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⴽⴰⵍⵓⵔⵢⴰ ⴳ 1948&lt;ref&gt;Roger Coindreau et Charles Penz, Le Maroc: Maroc français, Maroc espagnol, Tanger, Société d'éditions géographiques, maritimes et coloniales, 1949 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 60.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ ⴳ [[ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ|ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ]], ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ]]&lt;ref&gt;Philippe Marchat, Le Maroc et &quot;les puissances&quot;: Un empire convoité - De 711 à 1942, Editions L'Harmattan, 1er juillet 2013 (ISBN 978-2-296-54022-4, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 17.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴷⴳ 1951&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵢⴰⵎⵥ ⴰⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ ⴳ 1952&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⵜⵜⵓⴳ ⵉ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;ⵓⵎⵉ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1953&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵓⵍⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ [[1955]]. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ, ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵓⵏⴱⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⴰⵊⵓⵊⵉ&quot; ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⵓⵔ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴷⵓ ⴳ 25 [[ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ]] 1963&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵣⵉⴽ ⵙ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎⴰⵙⵉⵜ. ⴷⴳ [[1943]], ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ]] ([[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ]]), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵡⵉⵏⵚⵟⵓⵏ ⵜⵛⵓⵔⵜⵛⵉⵍ]] ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵍⵉⵏ ⵕⵓⵥⴼⵉⵍⵜ]]; ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ [[ⵉⵎⵥⵟⵟⵉⴹⵏ]] ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⵓⵕⵓⴱⵜ]].

ⴷ ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵔⵣⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⵖⵔ ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⵍⴷ ⵉ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, ⵏⵏⵉ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵕⴰⴳⵎⴰⵜⵉⵜ ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ — ⵉⴼⵔⴽⵏ (ⵙ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵕⵓⵣⴼⵉⵍⵜ) ⵙ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ|ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ]]. ⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵔ ⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ. ⴳ 1952, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⵜⵜⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⵎⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ.

ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵖⵔ ⴽⵓⵔⵙⵉⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵣⵓⵏⵣⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵖⵔ ⵎⴰⴹⴰⴳⴰⵚⴽⴰⵕ, ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⴷ ⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1955.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴷⴳ 1956, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵎⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ — ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ — ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⴳ 9 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1957.

== ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ==

=== ⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⴳ 3 [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1961, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ.

=== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ===
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Hassan II, Marrakech, 1966.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ([[ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ]], [[1966]])]]

ⵖⵉⴽⴽ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵢⵓⵍⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⵖⵜⵙ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴱⴷⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴽⵕⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵜⵃⵎⵍ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ (ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵓⴼⵉⵍⵉ) ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵏⵏⵉ ⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⵔ ⵉ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ, ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳⵜ, ⵙ ⵜⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵜⴰ ⴳⵓⵕⵓⵏⵢⵓ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⵉⴷⵙ ⵙⴳ 1956&lt;ref&gt;Yabiladi.com, « Paquita Gorroño, la &quot;passionnée de Rabat&quot; n’est plus [archive] », sur yabiladi.com, 23 août 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1962, ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵥⵏ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵍⵖⴰ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵏ; ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵎ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵎⵏⵏ&quot; ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰ&quot;ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵥⴰⵕⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⵏⵏⴰⵕⵏ&quot;.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⵜⴹⵕ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵢⵢⵓⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵥⵍⵎⴰⴹⵜ, ⵜⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵜ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵡⴰⴹ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ ⴳ 1965 — ⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵥⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ. ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1965, ⵉⵏⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ|ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ]] ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]] ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵖⵏⵙⴰ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴷ [[ⵢⵓⵙⴼ ⴱⵍⵄⴱⴱⴰⵙ]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴷⵍⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵏⵏⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⴳ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ 16 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴷⵔⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref name=&quot;orientxxi20190722&quot; /&gt;{{,}}&lt;ref name=&quot;jeuneafrique2005&quot;&gt;{{Lien web |auteur=Omar Brouksy |titre=Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? |url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/86510/archives-thematique/que-s-est-il-vraiment-pass-le-23-mars-1965/ |site=jeuneafrique.com |date=21 mars 2005 |consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⴰⴳⵏⵜ ⵜⵖⵏⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴽⵕⴹⵉ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ; ⵙ ⵉⵙⵔⴳ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⴷ ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Omar Brouksy, « Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 21 mars 2005 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴳ 29 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵓⴽⵔⵏ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⴽ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵏ ⵊⵉⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ (ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵍⵉⴱ Lipp),  ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⵔⴰ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥⵏ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹ ⵖⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ&lt;ref&gt;Saïd Bouamama, Figures de la révolution africaine, La Découverte, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⴰⵙⵎⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ: ⵙ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵟⵕⴼⴰⵢⴰ (1958) ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⵉⴼⵏⵉ (1969)&lt;ref&gt;École de politique appliquée de l'Université de Sherbrooke, « Fin du conflit d'Ifni entre le Maroc et l'Espagne [archive] », sur perspective.usherbrooke.ca.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵛⴽ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ.

ⴳ 10 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1971, ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴽⵛⵎⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 1200 ⵏ ⵓⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙ&lt;ref&gt;« Coup d’Etat : Skhirat, L’histoire du putsch revue et corrigée », sur actuel.ma, Actuel no 115, 4 novembre 2011 (version du 4 février 2012 sur archive.org).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵜⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵚⵚⵅⵉⵕⴰⵜ, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵉⴹⵉ (ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵎⵙⵇⴰⴷ ⴰⴱⵉⵍⵊⵉⴽⵉ ⵛⴰⵕⵍ ⴳⵉⵜⴰ &quot;Charles Guetta&quot;, ⴷ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍⵏ, ⴷ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ), ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴽⵛⵜⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵓⵍⵢⵓⵜⵏⴰⵏ-ⴽⵓⵍⵓⵏⵉⵍ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⴱⵓ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⵍⵎⴷⴱⵓⵃ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴼⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔⵏ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Dix officiers, dont quatre généraux ont été fusillés au Maroc », Le Monde.fr,‎ 14 juillet 1971 (lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 10 mars 2023).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⵖⵔ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵟⵟⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Mohammed V 1950.jpg|thumb|left|200x200px|ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⴷⴳ [[1950]].]]ⴷ ⴳ 16 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1972, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵓⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]] ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⴳⵉ ⴰⴳⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵖⵔ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵜ, ⵉⵏⵖⴰ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ ⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵜⴳⵉⴼ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ (ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵓⴼⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵡⵜ). ⴷ ⴳ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⴼⵓⴽⴽⴰ ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏⵜ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵎⵥ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴼⵓⴼⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ|ⵜⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]]&lt;ref&gt;Jeanne Fouet-Fauvernier, Écritures de la survie en milieu carcéral. Autobiographies de prisonniers marocains des « années de plomb », L’Harmattan, Paris, 2019, 304 p.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Arezki Metref, « Hassan II et son jardin secret », Le Monde diplomatique,‎ mai 2020, p. 25.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵖⵎⵙ &quot;ⵓⵔⵢⴰⵏ 21&quot; (Orient XXI)&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵀⴰⵜ ⴰⵍⵉⴽⵙⴰⵏⴷⵕ ⴷⵉ ⵎⴰⵕⴰⵏⵛ, ⴰⵏⵎⵀⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵎ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵙⵙⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵓⵎⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡⵜ&quot; ⴳ 1975 (ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ) ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⴼⴽⴰ ⵜⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵣⵎⵣ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵜⵜⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ&lt;ref&gt;François Musseau, « Sahara-Occidental : «Seule la violence fera parler» [archive] », sur Libération&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jean Ziegler, « Hassan II, l'Europe et le Sahara », Le Nouvel Afrique-Asie,‎ 1996, p. 28 (lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:King Hassan II with Mohammed VI.jpg|thumb|172x172px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]]]
== ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ==

* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵎⵔⵢⵎ
* [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]
* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⵙⵎⴰ
* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵃⴰⵙⵏⴰ
* ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ

==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} 
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{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
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'''ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]: ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّانِي، ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Hassan II) ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 9 [[ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]] ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ [[1999]] ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ ⴳ [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]], ⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ&quot; ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⵙⴳ 26 [[ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ]] [[1961]] ⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⴱⴹⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵏⴽⴰ. ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵏⵓⴼⵙⵍⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ&lt;ref&gt;Ignace Dalle, Fayard, 2011 &lt;small&gt;([[ISBN 978-2-213-63783-9|ISBN&amp;#x20;978-2-213-63783-9]], ⵖⵔ ⵜ [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ]).&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;ⴷ ⵜⵕⵥⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ &quot;ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴷⵓⵏ&quot;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|prénom1=Susan|nom1=Slyomovics|titre=Témoignages, écrits et silences : l’Instance Équité et Réconciliation (IER) marocaine et la réparation|périodique=L’Année du Maghreb|numéro={{IV}}|pages=123–148|date=2008-10-01|issn=1952-8108|doi=10.4000/anneemaghreb.435|lire en ligne=https://journals.openedition.org/anneemaghreb/435?lang=en|consulté le=2024-08-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre=L’Instance Équité et Réconciliation au Maroc : quels héritages ? ({{I}}) – Classe Internationale|url=https://classe-internationale.com/2018/05/31/linstance-equite-et-reconciliation-au-maroc-quels-heritages-i/|site=classe-internationale.com|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⴰⴳⴰⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵖⵔⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|prénom=Omar|nom=Brouksy|titre=Maroc. {{noble-|Hassan II}}, « pote » et despote|url=https://orientxxi.info/magazine/maroc-hassan-ii-pote-et-despote,3201|site={{noble-|Orient XXI}}|date=2019-07-22|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre={{noble-|HASSAN II}} : UN ABSOLUTISTE AUX MULTIPLES VISAGES - L'Humanité|url=https://www.humanite.fr/monde/-/hassan-ii-un-absolutiste-aux-multiples-visages|site=https://www.humanite.fr|date=1999-07-26|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Paul Balta|titre={{noble-|Hassan II}}, le roi qui a conjugué absolutisme et ouverture|périodique=journal|date=2009-07-27|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2009/07/27/hassan-ii-le-roi-qui-a-conjugue-absolutisme-et-ouverture_1223050_3212.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Jacques Mandelbaum|titre=&quot;Nos lieux interdits&quot; : enquête autour de disparus sous la dictature d'{{noble-|Hassan II}}|périodique=journal|date=2009-09-29|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/cinema/article/2009/09/29/nos-lieux-interdits-enquete-autour-de-disparus-sous-la-dictature-d-hassan-ii_1246743_3476.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵔⵙⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=Addis-Abeba: Une photo géante de feu SM {{noble-|Hassan II}}, Père fondateur de l’OUA, accrochée à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de l’UA|url=https://maroc-diplomatique.net/addis-abeba-photo-geante-de-feu-sm-hassan-ii-pere-fondateur-de-loua-accrochee-a-linterieur-de-lenceinte-de-lua/|site=maroc-diplomatique.net|date=27 juin 2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=L’Union du Maghreb arabe ? Vingt ans de blocages|url=https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/2009/04/09/l-union-du-maghreb-arabe-vingt-ans-de-blocages|site=courrierinternational.com|périodique=[[Courrier international]]|date=8 avril 2009|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Rétro-Verso : Quand la Garde Royale marocaine défilait sur les Champs-Élysées… », ''L'Opinion'', 24 juillet 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|titre=Hassan II, messager de la paix au Moyen-Orient ?|url=https://www.lorientlejour.com/article/1179919/hassan-ii-messager-de-la-paix-au-moyen-orient-.html|site=L'Orient-Le Jour|date=2019-07-23|consulté le=2026-09-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⴷⴱⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]], ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴳⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵍⴰⵀ]].

== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ==

=== ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴰⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉ ===
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;communiqué&quot;&gt;Voir le communiqué officiel en français reproduit dans {{article|titre=Naissance du prince héritier|périodique=[[L'Économiste]]|numéro=1515|lieu=Casablanca|jour=9|mois=mai|année=2003|lire en ligne=http://www.leconomiste.com/article/naissance-du-prince-heritier|consulté le=20 octobre 2015}}. Il y est écrit : {{citation|[[Mohammed VI|Sa Majesté le Roi]] […] a décidé de donner à Son Altesse Royale le Prince héritier, le [[prénom]] de [[Hassan du Maroc|Moulay Al Hassan]], du prénom de son auguste grand-père Feu Sa Majesté {{noble-|Hassan II}} […]}} (couramment appelé ainsi avant qu'il ne devienne roi).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵍ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⴷ [[ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵄⴱⵍⴰ]] ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ [[ⵟⵟⴰⵀⵕ]]. ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴼⴰⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⴱ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ. ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ (ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⵍⴰⵡⵉⵜ) ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ [[ⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜ]] ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=ar|auteur1=اسماعيل عزّام|titre=قضية المهدي بن بركة تعود للواجهة بقوة في المغرب بعد مرور نصف قرن على اختطافه|url=https://arabic.cnn.com/world/2015/10/31/ben-barka-morocco-0|accès url=payant|site=CNN Arabic|date=2015-10-30|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⴷⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⴽⴰⵍⵓⵔⵢⴰ ⴳ 1948&lt;ref&gt;Roger Coindreau et Charles Penz, Le Maroc: Maroc français, Maroc espagnol, Tanger, Société d'éditions géographiques, maritimes et coloniales, 1949 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 60.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ ⴳ [[ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ|ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ]], ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ]]&lt;ref&gt;Philippe Marchat, Le Maroc et &quot;les puissances&quot;: Un empire convoité - De 711 à 1942, Editions L'Harmattan, 1er juillet 2013 (ISBN 978-2-296-54022-4, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 17.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴷⴳ 1951&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵢⴰⵎⵥ ⴰⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ ⴳ 1952&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⵜⵜⵓⴳ ⵉ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;ⵓⵎⵉ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1953&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵓⵍⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ [[1955]]. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ, ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵓⵏⴱⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⴰⵊⵓⵊⵉ&quot; ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⵓⵔ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴷⵓ ⴳ 25 [[ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ]] 1963&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵣⵉⴽ ⵙ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎⴰⵙⵉⵜ. ⴷⴳ [[1943]], ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ]] ([[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ]]), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵡⵉⵏⵚⵟⵓⵏ ⵜⵛⵓⵔⵜⵛⵉⵍ]] ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵍⵉⵏ ⵕⵓⵥⴼⵉⵍⵜ]]; ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ [[ⵉⵎⵥⵟⵟⵉⴹⵏ]] ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⵓⵕⵓⴱⵜ]].

ⴷ ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵔⵣⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⵖⵔ ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⵍⴷ ⵉ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, ⵏⵏⵉ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵕⴰⴳⵎⴰⵜⵉⵜ ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ — ⵉⴼⵔⴽⵏ (ⵙ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵕⵓⵣⴼⵉⵍⵜ) ⵙ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ|ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ]]. ⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵔ ⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ. ⴳ 1952, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⵜⵜⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⵎⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ.

ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵖⵔ ⴽⵓⵔⵙⵉⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵣⵓⵏⵣⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵖⵔ ⵎⴰⴹⴰⴳⴰⵚⴽⴰⵕ, ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⴷ ⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1955.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴷⴳ 1956, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵎⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ — ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ — ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⴳ 9 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1957.

== ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ==

=== ⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⴳ 3 [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1961, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ.

=== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ===
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Hassan II, Marrakech, 1966.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ([[ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ]], [[1966]])]]

ⵖⵉⴽⴽ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵢⵓⵍⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⵖⵜⵙ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴱⴷⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴽⵕⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵜⵃⵎⵍ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ (ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵓⴼⵉⵍⵉ) ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵏⵏⵉ ⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⵔ ⵉ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ, ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳⵜ, ⵙ ⵜⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵜⴰ ⴳⵓⵕⵓⵏⵢⵓ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⵉⴷⵙ ⵙⴳ 1956&lt;ref&gt;Yabiladi.com, « Paquita Gorroño, la &quot;passionnée de Rabat&quot; n’est plus [archive] », sur yabiladi.com, 23 août 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1962, ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵥⵏ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵍⵖⴰ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵏ; ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵎ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵎⵏⵏ&quot; ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰ&quot;ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵥⴰⵕⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⵏⵏⴰⵕⵏ&quot;.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⵜⴹⵕ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵢⵢⵓⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵥⵍⵎⴰⴹⵜ, ⵜⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵜ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵡⴰⴹ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ ⴳ 1965 — ⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵥⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ. ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1965, ⵉⵏⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ|ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ]] ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]] ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵖⵏⵙⴰ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴷ [[ⵢⵓⵙⴼ ⴱⵍⵄⴱⴱⴰⵙ]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴷⵍⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵏⵏⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⴳ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ 16 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴷⵔⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref name=&quot;orientxxi20190722&quot; /&gt;{{,}}&lt;ref name=&quot;jeuneafrique2005&quot;&gt;{{Lien web |auteur=Omar Brouksy |titre=Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? |url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/86510/archives-thematique/que-s-est-il-vraiment-pass-le-23-mars-1965/ |site=jeuneafrique.com |date=21 mars 2005 |consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⴰⴳⵏⵜ ⵜⵖⵏⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴽⵕⴹⵉ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ; ⵙ ⵉⵙⵔⴳ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⴷ ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Omar Brouksy, « Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 21 mars 2005 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴳ 29 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵓⴽⵔⵏ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⴽ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵏ ⵊⵉⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ (ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵍⵉⴱ Lipp),  ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⵔⴰ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥⵏ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹ ⵖⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ&lt;ref&gt;Saïd Bouamama, Figures de la révolution africaine, La Découverte, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⴰⵙⵎⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ: ⵙ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵟⵕⴼⴰⵢⴰ (1958) ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⵉⴼⵏⵉ (1969)&lt;ref&gt;École de politique appliquée de l'Université de Sherbrooke, « Fin du conflit d'Ifni entre le Maroc et l'Espagne [archive] », sur perspective.usherbrooke.ca.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵛⴽ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ.

ⴳ 10 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1971, ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴽⵛⵎⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 1200 ⵏ ⵓⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙ&lt;ref&gt;« Coup d’Etat : Skhirat, L’histoire du putsch revue et corrigée », sur actuel.ma, Actuel no 115, 4 novembre 2011 (version du 4 février 2012 sur archive.org).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵜⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵚⵚⵅⵉⵕⴰⵜ, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵉⴹⵉ (ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵎⵙⵇⴰⴷ ⴰⴱⵉⵍⵊⵉⴽⵉ ⵛⴰⵕⵍ ⴳⵉⵜⴰ &quot;Charles Guetta&quot;, ⴷ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍⵏ, ⴷ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ), ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴽⵛⵜⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵓⵍⵢⵓⵜⵏⴰⵏ-ⴽⵓⵍⵓⵏⵉⵍ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⴱⵓ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⵍⵎⴷⴱⵓⵃ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴼⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔⵏ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Dix officiers, dont quatre généraux ont été fusillés au Maroc », Le Monde.fr,‎ 14 juillet 1971 (lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 10 mars 2023).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⵖⵔ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵟⵟⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Mohammed V 1950.jpg|thumb|left|200x200px|ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⴷⴳ [[1950]].]]ⴷ ⴳ 16 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1972, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵓⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]] ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⴳⵉ ⴰⴳⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵖⵔ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵜ, ⵉⵏⵖⴰ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ ⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵜⴳⵉⴼ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ (ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵓⴼⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵡⵜ). ⴷ ⴳ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⴼⵓⴽⴽⴰ ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏⵜ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵎⵥ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴼⵓⴼⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ|ⵜⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]]&lt;ref&gt;Jeanne Fouet-Fauvernier, Écritures de la survie en milieu carcéral. Autobiographies de prisonniers marocains des « années de plomb », L’Harmattan, Paris, 2019, 304 p.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Arezki Metref, « Hassan II et son jardin secret », Le Monde diplomatique,‎ mai 2020, p. 25.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵖⵎⵙ &quot;ⵓⵔⵢⴰⵏ 21&quot; (Orient XXI)&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵀⴰⵜ ⴰⵍⵉⴽⵙⴰⵏⴷⵕ ⴷⵉ ⵎⴰⵕⴰⵏⵛ, ⴰⵏⵎⵀⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵎ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵙⵙⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵓⵎⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡⵜ&quot; ⴳ 1975 (ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ) ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⴼⴽⴰ ⵜⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵣⵎⵣ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵜⵜⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ&lt;ref&gt;François Musseau, « Sahara-Occidental : «Seule la violence fera parler» [archive] », sur Libération&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jean Ziegler, « Hassan II, l'Europe et le Sahara », Le Nouvel Afrique-Asie,‎ 1996, p. 28 (lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:King Hassan II with Mohammed VI.jpg|thumb|172x172px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]]]
== ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ==

* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵎⵔⵢⵎ
* [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]
* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⵙⵎⴰ
* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵃⴰⵙⵏⴰ
* ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ

== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==

* {{Ouvrage|langue=fr|auteur1=[[Maurice Buttin]]|titre={{noble|Hassan II - De Gaulle - Ben Barka : Ce que je sais d'eux}}|lieu=Paris|éditeur=[[Éditions Karthala]]|collection=Hommes et sociétés|année=2010|réimpression=2015|pages totales=540|isbn=978-2-8111-1499-2}}
* {{Ouvrage|auteur1=[[Abdallah Laroui]]|titre=Le Maroc et {{noble-|Hassan II}}|sous-titre=Un témoignage|lieu=Cap-Rouge (Québec)/Casablanca|éditeur=Les Presses inter universitaires/Centre culturel arabe|année=2010|pages totales=248|isbn=978-2-89441-084-4|isbn2=2-89441-084-0|oclc=889575399|présentation en ligne=http://www.babelmed.net/letteratura/250-marocco/1457-le-t-moignage-ambigu-de-abdallah-laroui.html|id=Laroui2010}}
* Dalle, J. (2011). ''Le règne de, 1961-1989: une espérance brisée''. Maisonneuve &amp; Larousse.
* « La monarchie de {{noble-|Hassan II}} à l'épreuve (1961-1975) » et « Le Maroc de {{noble-|Hassan II}} du consensus à l'alternance (1975-1999) », dans {{Ouvrage|langue=fr|auteur1=[[Pierre Vermeren]]|titre=Histoire du Maroc depuis l'indépendance|lieu=Paris|éditeur=[[La Découverte]]|collection=Repères/Histoire|numéro dans collection=346|année=2010|année première édition=2002|réimpression=2006|pages totales=125|passage=33-100|isbn=978-2-7071-6499-5|oclc=660132868|présentation en ligne=http://www.franceculture.fr/oeuvre-histoire-du-maroc-depuis-l-ind%C3%A9pendance-de-pierre-vermeren.html|id=Vermeren2010|isbn2=2707164992}}
* {{Ouvrage|langue=fr|auteur1=Ignace Dalle|titre={{noble-|Hassan II}}|sous-titre=entre tradition et absolutisme|lieu=Paris|éditeur=[[Librairie Arthème Fayard|Fayard]]|année=2011|pages totales=689|isbn=978-2-213-63783-9|isbn2=2213637830|oclc=708326301|présentation en ligne=http://www.carhima.be/IMG/pdf/document_du_mois_no_3_juillet-aout_2012_.pdf|id=Dalle2001}}
* {{article|auteur=Marie Pierre|titre=Médias|sous-titre={{noble-|Hassan II}}, Tazmamart et la télé française|périodique=[[Zamane]]|lieu=Casablanca|numéro=13|mois=novembre|année=2011|passage=92-95|lire en ligne=http://zamane.ma/fr/hassan-ii-tazmamart-et-la-tele-francaise/|id=Pierre2011}}
* {{Ouvrage|auteurs=Narjis Rerhaye (journaliste) et [[Habib El Malki]] (ancien membre du {{page h'|Gouvernement Abderrahman el-Youssoufi|gouvernement d'alternance}})|titre=La Parenthèse désenchantée|sous-titre=Une alternance marocaine|lieu=Casablanca|éditeur=La Croisée des chemins|année=2011|pages totales=208|isbn=978-9954-1-0354-8|isbn2=9954103546|oclc=758437459|présentation en ligne=http://www.maghress.com/fr/liberation/18459|id=Rerhaye-El Malki}}
* Dalle, J. (2011). ''Le règne de {{noble-|Hassan II}}, 1961-1989: une espérance brisée''. Maisonneuve &amp; Larousse.

==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⴰⵡⵊⴰ ⵜⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉⵜ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
{{ⴰⴹⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ|ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ}}</text>
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      <text bytes="26496" sha1="2r4zqxtr0v5ecrd02kifkew05zv01jg" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]: ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّانِي، ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Hassan II) ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 9 [[ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]] ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ [[1999]] ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ ⴳ [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]], ⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ&quot; ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⵙⴳ 26 [[ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ]] [[1961]] ⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⴱⴹⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵏⴽⴰ. ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵏⵓⴼⵙⵍⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ&lt;ref&gt;Ignace Dalle, Fayard, 2011 &lt;small&gt;([[ISBN 978-2-213-63783-9|ISBN&amp;#x20;978-2-213-63783-9]], ⵖⵔ ⵜ [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ]).&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;ⴷ ⵜⵕⵥⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ &quot;ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴷⵓⵏ&quot;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|prénom1=Susan|nom1=Slyomovics|titre=Témoignages, écrits et silences : l’Instance Équité et Réconciliation (IER) marocaine et la réparation|périodique=L’Année du Maghreb|numéro={{IV}}|pages=123–148|date=2008-10-01|issn=1952-8108|doi=10.4000/anneemaghreb.435|lire en ligne=https://journals.openedition.org/anneemaghreb/435?lang=en|consulté le=2024-08-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre=L’Instance Équité et Réconciliation au Maroc : quels héritages ? ({{I}}) – Classe Internationale|url=https://classe-internationale.com/2018/05/31/linstance-equite-et-reconciliation-au-maroc-quels-heritages-i/|site=classe-internationale.com|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⴰⴳⴰⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵖⵔⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|prénom=Omar|nom=Brouksy|titre=Maroc. {{noble-|Hassan II}}, « pote » et despote|url=https://orientxxi.info/magazine/maroc-hassan-ii-pote-et-despote,3201|site={{noble-|Orient XXI}}|date=2019-07-22|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre={{noble-|HASSAN II}} : UN ABSOLUTISTE AUX MULTIPLES VISAGES - L'Humanité|url=https://www.humanite.fr/monde/-/hassan-ii-un-absolutiste-aux-multiples-visages|site=https://www.humanite.fr|date=1999-07-26|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Paul Balta|titre={{noble-|Hassan II}}, le roi qui a conjugué absolutisme et ouverture|périodique=journal|date=2009-07-27|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2009/07/27/hassan-ii-le-roi-qui-a-conjugue-absolutisme-et-ouverture_1223050_3212.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Jacques Mandelbaum|titre=&quot;Nos lieux interdits&quot; : enquête autour de disparus sous la dictature d'{{noble-|Hassan II}}|périodique=journal|date=2009-09-29|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/cinema/article/2009/09/29/nos-lieux-interdits-enquete-autour-de-disparus-sous-la-dictature-d-hassan-ii_1246743_3476.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵔⵙⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=Addis-Abeba: Une photo géante de feu SM {{noble-|Hassan II}}, Père fondateur de l’OUA, accrochée à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de l’UA|url=https://maroc-diplomatique.net/addis-abeba-photo-geante-de-feu-sm-hassan-ii-pere-fondateur-de-loua-accrochee-a-linterieur-de-lenceinte-de-lua/|site=maroc-diplomatique.net|date=27 juin 2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=L’Union du Maghreb arabe ? Vingt ans de blocages|url=https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/2009/04/09/l-union-du-maghreb-arabe-vingt-ans-de-blocages|site=courrierinternational.com|périodique=[[Courrier international]]|date=8 avril 2009|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Rétro-Verso : Quand la Garde Royale marocaine défilait sur les Champs-Élysées… », ''L'Opinion'', 24 juillet 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|titre=Hassan II, messager de la paix au Moyen-Orient ?|url=https://www.lorientlejour.com/article/1179919/hassan-ii-messager-de-la-paix-au-moyen-orient-.html|site=L'Orient-Le Jour|date=2019-07-23|consulté le=2026-09-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⴷⴱⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]], ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴳⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵍⴰⵀ]].

== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ==

=== ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴰⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉ ===
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;communiqué&quot;&gt;Voir le communiqué officiel en français reproduit dans {{article|titre=Naissance du prince héritier|périodique=[[L'Économiste]]|numéro=1515|lieu=Casablanca|jour=9|mois=mai|année=2003|lire en ligne=http://www.leconomiste.com/article/naissance-du-prince-heritier|consulté le=20 octobre 2015}}. Il y est écrit : {{citation|[[Mohammed VI|Sa Majesté le Roi]] […] a décidé de donner à Son Altesse Royale le Prince héritier, le [[prénom]] de [[Hassan du Maroc|Moulay Al Hassan]], du prénom de son auguste grand-père Feu Sa Majesté {{noble-|Hassan II}} […]}} (couramment appelé ainsi avant qu'il ne devienne roi).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵍ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⴷ [[ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵄⴱⵍⴰ]] ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ [[ⵟⵟⴰⵀⵕ]]. ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴼⴰⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⴱ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ. ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ (ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⵍⴰⵡⵉⵜ) ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ [[ⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜ]] ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=ar|auteur1=اسماعيل عزّام|titre=قضية المهدي بن بركة تعود للواجهة بقوة في المغرب بعد مرور نصف قرن على اختطافه|url=https://arabic.cnn.com/world/2015/10/31/ben-barka-morocco-0|accès url=payant|site=CNN Arabic|date=2015-10-30|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⴷⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⴽⴰⵍⵓⵔⵢⴰ ⴳ 1948&lt;ref&gt;Roger Coindreau et Charles Penz, Le Maroc: Maroc français, Maroc espagnol, Tanger, Société d'éditions géographiques, maritimes et coloniales, 1949 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 60.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ ⴳ [[ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ|ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ]], ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ]]&lt;ref&gt;Philippe Marchat, Le Maroc et &quot;les puissances&quot;: Un empire convoité - De 711 à 1942, Editions L'Harmattan, 1er juillet 2013 (ISBN 978-2-296-54022-4, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 17.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴷⴳ 1951&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵢⴰⵎⵥ ⴰⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ ⴳ 1952&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⵜⵜⵓⴳ ⵉ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;ⵓⵎⵉ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1953&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵓⵍⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ [[1955]]. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ, ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵓⵏⴱⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⴰⵊⵓⵊⵉ&quot; ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⵓⵔ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴷⵓ ⴳ 25 [[ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ]] 1963&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵣⵉⴽ ⵙ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎⴰⵙⵉⵜ. ⴷⴳ [[1943]], ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ]] ([[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ]]), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵡⵉⵏⵚⵟⵓⵏ ⵜⵛⵓⵔⵜⵛⵉⵍ]] ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵍⵉⵏ ⵕⵓⵥⴼⵉⵍⵜ]]; ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ [[ⵉⵎⵥⵟⵟⵉⴹⵏ]] ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⵓⵕⵓⴱⵜ]].

ⴷ ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵔⵣⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⵖⵔ ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⵍⴷ ⵉ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, ⵏⵏⵉ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵕⴰⴳⵎⴰⵜⵉⵜ ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ — ⵉⴼⵔⴽⵏ (ⵙ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵕⵓⵣⴼⵉⵍⵜ) ⵙ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ|ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ]]. ⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵔ ⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ. ⴳ 1952, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⵜⵜⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⵎⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ.

ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵖⵔ ⴽⵓⵔⵙⵉⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵣⵓⵏⵣⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵖⵔ ⵎⴰⴹⴰⴳⴰⵚⴽⴰⵕ, ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⴷ ⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1955.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴷⴳ 1956, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵎⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ — ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ — ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⴳ 9 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1957.

== ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ==

=== ⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⴳ 3 [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1961, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ.

=== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ===
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Hassan II, Marrakech, 1966.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ([[ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ]], [[1966]])]]

ⵖⵉⴽⴽ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵢⵓⵍⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⵖⵜⵙ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴱⴷⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴽⵕⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵜⵃⵎⵍ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ (ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵓⴼⵉⵍⵉ) ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵏⵏⵉ ⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⵔ ⵉ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ, ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳⵜ, ⵙ ⵜⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵜⴰ ⴳⵓⵕⵓⵏⵢⵓ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⵉⴷⵙ ⵙⴳ 1956&lt;ref&gt;Yabiladi.com, « Paquita Gorroño, la &quot;passionnée de Rabat&quot; n’est plus [archive] », sur yabiladi.com, 23 août 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1962, ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵥⵏ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵍⵖⴰ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵏ; ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵎ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵎⵏⵏ&quot; ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰ&quot;ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵥⴰⵕⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⵏⵏⴰⵕⵏ&quot;.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⵜⴹⵕ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵢⵢⵓⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵥⵍⵎⴰⴹⵜ, ⵜⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵜ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵡⴰⴹ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ ⴳ 1965 — ⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵥⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ. ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1965, ⵉⵏⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ|ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ]] ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]] ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵖⵏⵙⴰ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴷ [[ⵢⵓⵙⴼ ⴱⵍⵄⴱⴱⴰⵙ]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴷⵍⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵏⵏⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⴳ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ 16 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴷⵔⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref name=&quot;orientxxi20190722&quot; /&gt;{{,}}&lt;ref name=&quot;jeuneafrique2005&quot;&gt;{{Lien web |auteur=Omar Brouksy |titre=Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? |url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/86510/archives-thematique/que-s-est-il-vraiment-pass-le-23-mars-1965/ |site=jeuneafrique.com |date=21 mars 2005 |consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⴰⴳⵏⵜ ⵜⵖⵏⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴽⵕⴹⵉ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ; ⵙ ⵉⵙⵔⴳ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⴷ ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Omar Brouksy, « Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 21 mars 2005 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴳ 29 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵓⴽⵔⵏ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⴽ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵏ ⵊⵉⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ (ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵍⵉⴱ Lipp),  ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⵔⴰ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥⵏ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹ ⵖⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ&lt;ref&gt;Saïd Bouamama, Figures de la révolution africaine, La Découverte, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⴰⵙⵎⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ: ⵙ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵟⵕⴼⴰⵢⴰ (1958) ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⵉⴼⵏⵉ (1969)&lt;ref&gt;École de politique appliquée de l'Université de Sherbrooke, « Fin du conflit d'Ifni entre le Maroc et l'Espagne [archive] », sur perspective.usherbrooke.ca.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵛⴽ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ.

ⴳ 10 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1971, ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴽⵛⵎⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 1200 ⵏ ⵓⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙ&lt;ref&gt;« Coup d’Etat : Skhirat, L’histoire du putsch revue et corrigée », sur actuel.ma, Actuel no 115, 4 novembre 2011 (version du 4 février 2012 sur archive.org).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵜⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵚⵚⵅⵉⵕⴰⵜ, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵉⴹⵉ (ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵎⵙⵇⴰⴷ ⴰⴱⵉⵍⵊⵉⴽⵉ ⵛⴰⵕⵍ ⴳⵉⵜⴰ &quot;Charles Guetta&quot;, ⴷ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍⵏ, ⴷ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ), ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴽⵛⵜⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵓⵍⵢⵓⵜⵏⴰⵏ-ⴽⵓⵍⵓⵏⵉⵍ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⴱⵓ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⵍⵎⴷⴱⵓⵃ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴼⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔⵏ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Dix officiers, dont quatre généraux ont été fusillés au Maroc », Le Monde.fr,‎ 14 juillet 1971 (lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 10 mars 2023).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⵖⵔ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵟⵟⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Mohammed V 1950.jpg|thumb|left|200x200px|ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⴷⴳ [[1950]].]]ⴷ ⴳ 16 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1972, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵓⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]] ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⴳⵉ ⴰⴳⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵖⵔ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵜ, ⵉⵏⵖⴰ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ ⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵜⴳⵉⴼ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ (ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵓⴼⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵡⵜ). ⴷ ⴳ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⴼⵓⴽⴽⴰ ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏⵜ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵎⵥ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴼⵓⴼⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ|ⵜⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]]&lt;ref&gt;Jeanne Fouet-Fauvernier, Écritures de la survie en milieu carcéral. Autobiographies de prisonniers marocains des « années de plomb », L’Harmattan, Paris, 2019, 304 p.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Arezki Metref, « Hassan II et son jardin secret », Le Monde diplomatique,‎ mai 2020, p. 25.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵖⵎⵙ &quot;ⵓⵔⵢⴰⵏ 21&quot; (Orient XXI)&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵀⴰⵜ ⴰⵍⵉⴽⵙⴰⵏⴷⵕ ⴷⵉ ⵎⴰⵕⴰⵏⵛ, ⴰⵏⵎⵀⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵎ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵙⵙⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵓⵎⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡⵜ&quot; ⴳ 1975 (ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ) ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⴼⴽⴰ ⵜⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵣⵎⵣ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵜⵜⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ&lt;ref&gt;François Musseau, « Sahara-Occidental : «Seule la violence fera parler» [archive] », sur Libération&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jean Ziegler, « Hassan II, l'Europe et le Sahara », Le Nouvel Afrique-Asie,‎ 1996, p. 28 (lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:King Hassan II with Mohammed VI.jpg|thumb|172x172px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]]]
== ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ==

* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵎⵔⵢⵎ
* [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]
* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⵙⵎⴰ
* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵃⴰⵙⵏⴰ
* ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ

== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==

* Dalle, J. (2011). ''Le règne de, 1961-1989: une espérance brisée''. Maisonneuve &amp; Larousse.
* « La monarchie de {{noble-|Hassan II}} à l'épreuve (1961-1975) » et « Le Maroc de {{noble-|Hassan II}} du consensus à l'alternance (1975-1999) », dans 
* {{article|auteur=Marie Pierre|titre=Médias|sous-titre={{noble-|Hassan II}}, Tazmamart et la télé française|périodique=[[Zamane]]|lieu=Casablanca|numéro=13|mois=novembre|année=2011|passage=92-95|lire en ligne=http://zamane.ma/fr/hassan-ii-tazmamart-et-la-tele-francaise/|id=Pierre2011}}
* Dalle, J. (2011). ''Le règne de {{noble-|Hassan II}}, 1961-1989: une espérance brisée''. Maisonneuve &amp; Larousse.

==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⴰⵡⵊⴰ ⵜⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉⵜ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
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      <text bytes="26433" sha1="7e7fg9yifk2qngc7op6lk9pdtyfcbet" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]: ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّانِي، ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Hassan II) ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 9 [[ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]] ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ [[1999]] ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ ⴳ [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]], ⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ&quot; ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⵙⴳ 26 [[ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ]] [[1961]] ⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⴱⴹⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵏⴽⴰ. ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵏⵓⴼⵙⵍⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ&lt;ref&gt;Ignace Dalle, Fayard, 2011 &lt;small&gt;([[ISBN 978-2-213-63783-9|ISBN&amp;#x20;978-2-213-63783-9]], ⵖⵔ ⵜ [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ]).&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;ⴷ ⵜⵕⵥⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ &quot;ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴷⵓⵏ&quot;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|prénom1=Susan|nom1=Slyomovics|titre=Témoignages, écrits et silences : l’Instance Équité et Réconciliation (IER) marocaine et la réparation|périodique=L’Année du Maghreb|numéro={{IV}}|pages=123–148|date=2008-10-01|issn=1952-8108|doi=10.4000/anneemaghreb.435|lire en ligne=https://journals.openedition.org/anneemaghreb/435?lang=en|consulté le=2024-08-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre=L’Instance Équité et Réconciliation au Maroc : quels héritages ? ({{I}}) – Classe Internationale|url=https://classe-internationale.com/2018/05/31/linstance-equite-et-reconciliation-au-maroc-quels-heritages-i/|site=classe-internationale.com|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⴰⴳⴰⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵖⵔⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|prénom=Omar|nom=Brouksy|titre=Maroc. {{noble-|Hassan II}}, « pote » et despote|url=https://orientxxi.info/magazine/maroc-hassan-ii-pote-et-despote,3201|site={{noble-|Orient XXI}}|date=2019-07-22|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre={{noble-|HASSAN II}} : UN ABSOLUTISTE AUX MULTIPLES VISAGES - L'Humanité|url=https://www.humanite.fr/monde/-/hassan-ii-un-absolutiste-aux-multiples-visages|site=https://www.humanite.fr|date=1999-07-26|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Paul Balta|titre={{noble-|Hassan II}}, le roi qui a conjugué absolutisme et ouverture|périodique=journal|date=2009-07-27|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2009/07/27/hassan-ii-le-roi-qui-a-conjugue-absolutisme-et-ouverture_1223050_3212.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Jacques Mandelbaum|titre=&quot;Nos lieux interdits&quot; : enquête autour de disparus sous la dictature d'{{noble-|Hassan II}}|périodique=journal|date=2009-09-29|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/cinema/article/2009/09/29/nos-lieux-interdits-enquete-autour-de-disparus-sous-la-dictature-d-hassan-ii_1246743_3476.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵔⵙⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=Addis-Abeba: Une photo géante de feu SM {{noble-|Hassan II}}, Père fondateur de l’OUA, accrochée à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de l’UA|url=https://maroc-diplomatique.net/addis-abeba-photo-geante-de-feu-sm-hassan-ii-pere-fondateur-de-loua-accrochee-a-linterieur-de-lenceinte-de-lua/|site=maroc-diplomatique.net|date=27 juin 2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=L’Union du Maghreb arabe ? Vingt ans de blocages|url=https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/2009/04/09/l-union-du-maghreb-arabe-vingt-ans-de-blocages|site=courrierinternational.com|périodique=[[Courrier international]]|date=8 avril 2009|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Rétro-Verso : Quand la Garde Royale marocaine défilait sur les Champs-Élysées… », ''L'Opinion'', 24 juillet 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|titre=Hassan II, messager de la paix au Moyen-Orient ?|url=https://www.lorientlejour.com/article/1179919/hassan-ii-messager-de-la-paix-au-moyen-orient-.html|site=L'Orient-Le Jour|date=2019-07-23|consulté le=2026-09-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⴷⴱⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]], ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴳⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵍⴰⵀ]].

== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ==

=== ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴰⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉ ===
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;communiqué&quot;&gt;Voir le communiqué officiel en français reproduit dans {{article|titre=Naissance du prince héritier|périodique=[[L'Économiste]]|numéro=1515|lieu=Casablanca|jour=9|mois=mai|année=2003|lire en ligne=http://www.leconomiste.com/article/naissance-du-prince-heritier|consulté le=20 octobre 2015}}. Il y est écrit : {{citation|[[Mohammed VI|Sa Majesté le Roi]] […] a décidé de donner à Son Altesse Royale le Prince héritier, le [[prénom]] de [[Hassan du Maroc|Moulay Al Hassan]], du prénom de son auguste grand-père Feu Sa Majesté {{noble-|Hassan II}} […]}} (couramment appelé ainsi avant qu'il ne devienne roi).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵍ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⴷ [[ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵄⴱⵍⴰ]] ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ [[ⵟⵟⴰⵀⵕ]]. ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴼⴰⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⴱ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ. ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ (ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⵍⴰⵡⵉⵜ) ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ [[ⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜ]] ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=ar|auteur1=اسماعيل عزّام|titre=قضية المهدي بن بركة تعود للواجهة بقوة في المغرب بعد مرور نصف قرن على اختطافه|url=https://arabic.cnn.com/world/2015/10/31/ben-barka-morocco-0|accès url=payant|site=CNN Arabic|date=2015-10-30|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⴷⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⴽⴰⵍⵓⵔⵢⴰ ⴳ 1948&lt;ref&gt;Roger Coindreau et Charles Penz, Le Maroc: Maroc français, Maroc espagnol, Tanger, Société d'éditions géographiques, maritimes et coloniales, 1949 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 60.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ ⴳ [[ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ|ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ]], ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ]]&lt;ref&gt;Philippe Marchat, Le Maroc et &quot;les puissances&quot;: Un empire convoité - De 711 à 1942, Editions L'Harmattan, 1er juillet 2013 (ISBN 978-2-296-54022-4, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 17.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴷⴳ 1951&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵢⴰⵎⵥ ⴰⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ ⴳ 1952&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⵜⵜⵓⴳ ⵉ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;ⵓⵎⵉ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1953&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵓⵍⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ [[1955]]. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ, ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵓⵏⴱⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⴰⵊⵓⵊⵉ&quot; ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⵓⵔ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴷⵓ ⴳ 25 [[ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ]] 1963&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵣⵉⴽ ⵙ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎⴰⵙⵉⵜ. ⴷⴳ [[1943]], ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ]] ([[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ]]), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵡⵉⵏⵚⵟⵓⵏ ⵜⵛⵓⵔⵜⵛⵉⵍ]] ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵍⵉⵏ ⵕⵓⵥⴼⵉⵍⵜ]]; ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ [[ⵉⵎⵥⵟⵟⵉⴹⵏ]] ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⵓⵕⵓⴱⵜ]].

ⴷ ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵔⵣⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⵖⵔ ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⵍⴷ ⵉ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, ⵏⵏⵉ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵕⴰⴳⵎⴰⵜⵉⵜ ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ — ⵉⴼⵔⴽⵏ (ⵙ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵕⵓⵣⴼⵉⵍⵜ) ⵙ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ|ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ]]. ⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵔ ⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ. ⴳ 1952, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⵜⵜⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⵎⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ.

ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵖⵔ ⴽⵓⵔⵙⵉⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵣⵓⵏⵣⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵖⵔ ⵎⴰⴹⴰⴳⴰⵚⴽⴰⵕ, ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⴷ ⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1955.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴷⴳ 1956, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵎⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ — ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ — ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⴳ 9 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1957.

== ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ==

=== ⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⴳ 3 [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1961, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ.

=== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ===
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Hassan II, Marrakech, 1966.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ([[ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ]], [[1966]])]]

ⵖⵉⴽⴽ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵢⵓⵍⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⵖⵜⵙ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴱⴷⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴽⵕⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵜⵃⵎⵍ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ (ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵓⴼⵉⵍⵉ) ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵏⵏⵉ ⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⵔ ⵉ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ, ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳⵜ, ⵙ ⵜⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵜⴰ ⴳⵓⵕⵓⵏⵢⵓ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⵉⴷⵙ ⵙⴳ 1956&lt;ref&gt;Yabiladi.com, « Paquita Gorroño, la &quot;passionnée de Rabat&quot; n’est plus [archive] », sur yabiladi.com, 23 août 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1962, ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵥⵏ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵍⵖⴰ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵏ; ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵎ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵎⵏⵏ&quot; ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰ&quot;ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵥⴰⵕⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⵏⵏⴰⵕⵏ&quot;.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⵜⴹⵕ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵢⵢⵓⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵥⵍⵎⴰⴹⵜ, ⵜⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵜ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵡⴰⴹ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ ⴳ 1965 — ⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵥⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ. ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1965, ⵉⵏⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ|ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ]] ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]] ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵖⵏⵙⴰ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴷ [[ⵢⵓⵙⴼ ⴱⵍⵄⴱⴱⴰⵙ]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴷⵍⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵏⵏⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⴳ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ 16 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴷⵔⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref name=&quot;orientxxi20190722&quot; /&gt;{{,}}&lt;ref name=&quot;jeuneafrique2005&quot;&gt;{{Lien web |auteur=Omar Brouksy |titre=Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? |url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/86510/archives-thematique/que-s-est-il-vraiment-pass-le-23-mars-1965/ |site=jeuneafrique.com |date=21 mars 2005 |consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⴰⴳⵏⵜ ⵜⵖⵏⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴽⵕⴹⵉ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ; ⵙ ⵉⵙⵔⴳ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⴷ ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Omar Brouksy, « Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 21 mars 2005 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴳ 29 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵓⴽⵔⵏ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⴽ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵏ ⵊⵉⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ (ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵍⵉⴱ Lipp),  ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⵔⴰ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥⵏ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹ ⵖⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ&lt;ref&gt;Saïd Bouamama, Figures de la révolution africaine, La Découverte, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⴰⵙⵎⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ: ⵙ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵟⵕⴼⴰⵢⴰ (1958) ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⵉⴼⵏⵉ (1969)&lt;ref&gt;École de politique appliquée de l'Université de Sherbrooke, « Fin du conflit d'Ifni entre le Maroc et l'Espagne [archive] », sur perspective.usherbrooke.ca.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵛⴽ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ.

ⴳ 10 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1971, ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴽⵛⵎⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 1200 ⵏ ⵓⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙ&lt;ref&gt;« Coup d’Etat : Skhirat, L’histoire du putsch revue et corrigée », sur actuel.ma, Actuel no 115, 4 novembre 2011 (version du 4 février 2012 sur archive.org).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵜⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵚⵚⵅⵉⵕⴰⵜ, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵉⴹⵉ (ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵎⵙⵇⴰⴷ ⴰⴱⵉⵍⵊⵉⴽⵉ ⵛⴰⵕⵍ ⴳⵉⵜⴰ &quot;Charles Guetta&quot;, ⴷ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍⵏ, ⴷ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ), ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴽⵛⵜⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵓⵍⵢⵓⵜⵏⴰⵏ-ⴽⵓⵍⵓⵏⵉⵍ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⴱⵓ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⵍⵎⴷⴱⵓⵃ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴼⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔⵏ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Dix officiers, dont quatre généraux ont été fusillés au Maroc », Le Monde.fr,‎ 14 juillet 1971 (lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 10 mars 2023).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⵖⵔ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵟⵟⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Mohammed V 1950.jpg|thumb|left|200x200px|ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⴷⴳ [[1950]].]]ⴷ ⴳ 16 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1972, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵓⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]] ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⴳⵉ ⴰⴳⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵖⵔ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵜ, ⵉⵏⵖⴰ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ ⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵜⴳⵉⴼ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ (ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵓⴼⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵡⵜ). ⴷ ⴳ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⴼⵓⴽⴽⴰ ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏⵜ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵎⵥ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴼⵓⴼⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ|ⵜⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]]&lt;ref&gt;Jeanne Fouet-Fauvernier, Écritures de la survie en milieu carcéral. Autobiographies de prisonniers marocains des « années de plomb », L’Harmattan, Paris, 2019, 304 p.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Arezki Metref, « Hassan II et son jardin secret », Le Monde diplomatique,‎ mai 2020, p. 25.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵖⵎⵙ &quot;ⵓⵔⵢⴰⵏ 21&quot; (Orient XXI)&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵀⴰⵜ ⴰⵍⵉⴽⵙⴰⵏⴷⵕ ⴷⵉ ⵎⴰⵕⴰⵏⵛ, ⴰⵏⵎⵀⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵎ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵙⵙⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵓⵎⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡⵜ&quot; ⴳ 1975 (ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ) ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⴼⴽⴰ ⵜⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵣⵎⵣ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵜⵜⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ&lt;ref&gt;François Musseau, « Sahara-Occidental : «Seule la violence fera parler» [archive] », sur Libération&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jean Ziegler, « Hassan II, l'Europe et le Sahara », Le Nouvel Afrique-Asie,‎ 1996, p. 28 (lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:King Hassan II with Mohammed VI.jpg|thumb|172x172px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]]]
== ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ==

* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵎⵔⵢⵎ
* [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]
* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⵙⵎⴰ
* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵃⴰⵙⵏⴰ
* ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ

== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==

* Dalle, J. (2011). ''Le règne de, 1961-1989: une espérance brisée''. Maisonneuve &amp; Larousse.
* «La monarchie de  à l'épreuve (1961-1975) » et « Le Maroc de du consensus à l'alternance (1975-1999) », dans 
* {{article|auteur=Marie Pierre|titre=Médias|sous-titre={{noble-|Hassan II}}, Tazmamart et la télé française|périodique=[[Zamane]]|lieu=Casablanca|numéro=13|mois=novembre|année=2011|passage=92-95|lire en ligne=http://zamane.ma/fr/hassan-ii-tazmamart-et-la-tele-francaise/|id=Pierre2011}}
* Dalle, J. (2011). ''Le règne de, 1961-1989: une espérance brisée''. Maisonneuve &amp; Larousse.

==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
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{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
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      <text bytes="27625" sha1="gh84zezklzqmswyuz8z9w99t8avsqq8" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]: ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّانِي، ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Hassan II) ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 9 [[ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]] ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ [[1999]] ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ ⴳ [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]], ⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ&quot; ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⵙⴳ 26 [[ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ]] [[1961]] ⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⴱⴹⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵏⴽⴰ. ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵏⵓⴼⵙⵍⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ&lt;ref&gt;Ignace Dalle, Fayard, 2011 &lt;small&gt;([[ISBN 978-2-213-63783-9|ISBN&amp;#x20;978-2-213-63783-9]], ⵖⵔ ⵜ [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ]).&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;ⴷ ⵜⵕⵥⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ &quot;ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴷⵓⵏ&quot;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|prénom1=Susan|nom1=Slyomovics|titre=Témoignages, écrits et silences : l’Instance Équité et Réconciliation (IER) marocaine et la réparation|périodique=L’Année du Maghreb|numéro={{IV}}|pages=123–148|date=2008-10-01|issn=1952-8108|doi=10.4000/anneemaghreb.435|lire en ligne=https://journals.openedition.org/anneemaghreb/435?lang=en|consulté le=2024-08-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre=L’Instance Équité et Réconciliation au Maroc : quels héritages ? ({{I}}) – Classe Internationale|url=https://classe-internationale.com/2018/05/31/linstance-equite-et-reconciliation-au-maroc-quels-heritages-i/|site=classe-internationale.com|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⴰⴳⴰⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵖⵔⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|prénom=Omar|nom=Brouksy|titre=Maroc. {{noble-|Hassan II}}, « pote » et despote|url=https://orientxxi.info/magazine/maroc-hassan-ii-pote-et-despote,3201|site={{noble-|Orient XXI}}|date=2019-07-22|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre={{noble-|HASSAN II}} : UN ABSOLUTISTE AUX MULTIPLES VISAGES - L'Humanité|url=https://www.humanite.fr/monde/-/hassan-ii-un-absolutiste-aux-multiples-visages|site=https://www.humanite.fr|date=1999-07-26|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Paul Balta|titre={{noble-|Hassan II}}, le roi qui a conjugué absolutisme et ouverture|périodique=journal|date=2009-07-27|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2009/07/27/hassan-ii-le-roi-qui-a-conjugue-absolutisme-et-ouverture_1223050_3212.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Jacques Mandelbaum|titre=&quot;Nos lieux interdits&quot; : enquête autour de disparus sous la dictature d'{{noble-|Hassan II}}|périodique=journal|date=2009-09-29|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/cinema/article/2009/09/29/nos-lieux-interdits-enquete-autour-de-disparus-sous-la-dictature-d-hassan-ii_1246743_3476.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵔⵙⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=Addis-Abeba: Une photo géante de feu SM {{noble-|Hassan II}}, Père fondateur de l’OUA, accrochée à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de l’UA|url=https://maroc-diplomatique.net/addis-abeba-photo-geante-de-feu-sm-hassan-ii-pere-fondateur-de-loua-accrochee-a-linterieur-de-lenceinte-de-lua/|site=maroc-diplomatique.net|date=27 juin 2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=L’Union du Maghreb arabe ? Vingt ans de blocages|url=https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/2009/04/09/l-union-du-maghreb-arabe-vingt-ans-de-blocages|site=courrierinternational.com|périodique=[[Courrier international]]|date=8 avril 2009|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Rétro-Verso : Quand la Garde Royale marocaine défilait sur les Champs-Élysées… », ''L'Opinion'', 24 juillet 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|titre=Hassan II, messager de la paix au Moyen-Orient ?|url=https://www.lorientlejour.com/article/1179919/hassan-ii-messager-de-la-paix-au-moyen-orient-.html|site=L'Orient-Le Jour|date=2019-07-23|consulté le=2026-09-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⴷⴱⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]], ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴳⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵍⴰⵀ]].

== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ==

=== ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴰⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉ ===
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;communiqué&quot;&gt;Voir le communiqué officiel en français reproduit dans {{article|titre=Naissance du prince héritier|périodique=[[L'Économiste]]|numéro=1515|lieu=Casablanca|jour=9|mois=mai|année=2003|lire en ligne=http://www.leconomiste.com/article/naissance-du-prince-heritier|consulté le=20 octobre 2015}}. Il y est écrit : {{citation|[[Mohammed VI|Sa Majesté le Roi]] […] a décidé de donner à Son Altesse Royale le Prince héritier, le [[prénom]] de [[Hassan du Maroc|Moulay Al Hassan]], du prénom de son auguste grand-père Feu Sa Majesté {{noble-|Hassan II}} […]}} (couramment appelé ainsi avant qu'il ne devienne roi).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵍ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⴷ [[ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵄⴱⵍⴰ]] ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ [[ⵟⵟⴰⵀⵕ]]. ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴼⴰⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⴱ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ. ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ (ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⵍⴰⵡⵉⵜ) ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ [[ⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜ]] ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=ar|auteur1=اسماعيل عزّام|titre=قضية المهدي بن بركة تعود للواجهة بقوة في المغرب بعد مرور نصف قرن على اختطافه|url=https://arabic.cnn.com/world/2015/10/31/ben-barka-morocco-0|accès url=payant|site=CNN Arabic|date=2015-10-30|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⴷⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⴽⴰⵍⵓⵔⵢⴰ ⴳ 1948&lt;ref&gt;Roger Coindreau et Charles Penz, Le Maroc: Maroc français, Maroc espagnol, Tanger, Société d'éditions géographiques, maritimes et coloniales, 1949 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 60.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ ⴳ [[ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ|ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ]], ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ]]&lt;ref&gt;Philippe Marchat, Le Maroc et &quot;les puissances&quot;: Un empire convoité - De 711 à 1942, Editions L'Harmattan, 1er juillet 2013 (ISBN 978-2-296-54022-4, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 17.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴷⴳ 1951&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵢⴰⵎⵥ ⴰⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ ⴳ 1952&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⵜⵜⵓⴳ ⵉ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;ⵓⵎⵉ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1953&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵓⵍⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ [[1955]]. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ, ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵓⵏⴱⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⴰⵊⵓⵊⵉ&quot; ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⵓⵔ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴷⵓ ⴳ 25 [[ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ]] 1963&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵣⵉⴽ ⵙ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎⴰⵙⵉⵜ. ⴷⴳ [[1943]], ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ]] ([[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ]]), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵡⵉⵏⵚⵟⵓⵏ ⵜⵛⵓⵔⵜⵛⵉⵍ]] ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵍⵉⵏ ⵕⵓⵥⴼⵉⵍⵜ]]; ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ [[ⵉⵎⵥⵟⵟⵉⴹⵏ]] ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⵓⵕⵓⴱⵜ]].

ⴷ ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵔⵣⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⵖⵔ ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⵍⴷ ⵉ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, ⵏⵏⵉ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵕⴰⴳⵎⴰⵜⵉⵜ ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ — ⵉⴼⵔⴽⵏ (ⵙ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵕⵓⵣⴼⵉⵍⵜ) ⵙ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ|ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ]]. ⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵔ ⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ. ⴳ 1952, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⵜⵜⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⵎⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ.

ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵖⵔ ⴽⵓⵔⵙⵉⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵣⵓⵏⵣⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵖⵔ ⵎⴰⴹⴰⴳⴰⵚⴽⴰⵕ, ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⴷ ⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1955.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴷⴳ 1956, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵎⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ — ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ — ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⴳ 9 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1957.

== ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ==

=== ⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⴳ 3 [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1961, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ.

=== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ===
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Hassan II, Marrakech, 1966.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ([[ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ]], [[1966]])]]

ⵖⵉⴽⴽ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵢⵓⵍⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⵖⵜⵙ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴱⴷⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴽⵕⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵜⵃⵎⵍ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ (ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵓⴼⵉⵍⵉ) ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵏⵏⵉ ⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⵔ ⵉ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ, ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳⵜ, ⵙ ⵜⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵜⴰ ⴳⵓⵕⵓⵏⵢⵓ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⵉⴷⵙ ⵙⴳ 1956&lt;ref&gt;Yabiladi.com, « Paquita Gorroño, la &quot;passionnée de Rabat&quot; n’est plus [archive] », sur yabiladi.com, 23 août 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1962, ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵥⵏ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵍⵖⴰ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵏ; ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵎ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵎⵏⵏ&quot; ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰ&quot;ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵥⴰⵕⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⵏⵏⴰⵕⵏ&quot;.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⵜⴹⵕ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵢⵢⵓⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵥⵍⵎⴰⴹⵜ, ⵜⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵜ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵡⴰⴹ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ ⴳ 1965 — ⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵥⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ. ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1965, ⵉⵏⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ|ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ]] ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]] ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵖⵏⵙⴰ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴷ [[ⵢⵓⵙⴼ ⴱⵍⵄⴱⴱⴰⵙ]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴷⵍⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵏⵏⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⴳ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ 16 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴷⵔⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref name=&quot;orientxxi20190722&quot; /&gt;{{,}}&lt;ref name=&quot;jeuneafrique2005&quot;&gt;{{Lien web |auteur=Omar Brouksy |titre=Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? |url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/86510/archives-thematique/que-s-est-il-vraiment-pass-le-23-mars-1965/ |site=jeuneafrique.com |date=21 mars 2005 |consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⴰⴳⵏⵜ ⵜⵖⵏⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴽⵕⴹⵉ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ; ⵙ ⵉⵙⵔⴳ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⴷ ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Omar Brouksy, « Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 21 mars 2005 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴳ 29 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵓⴽⵔⵏ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⴽ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵏ ⵊⵉⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ (ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵍⵉⴱ Lipp),  ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⵔⴰ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥⵏ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹ ⵖⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ&lt;ref&gt;Saïd Bouamama, Figures de la révolution africaine, La Découverte, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⴰⵙⵎⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ: ⵙ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵟⵕⴼⴰⵢⴰ (1958) ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⵉⴼⵏⵉ (1969)&lt;ref&gt;École de politique appliquée de l'Université de Sherbrooke, « Fin du conflit d'Ifni entre le Maroc et l'Espagne [archive] », sur perspective.usherbrooke.ca.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵛⴽ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ.

ⴳ 10 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1971, ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴽⵛⵎⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 1200 ⵏ ⵓⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙ&lt;ref&gt;« Coup d’Etat : Skhirat, L’histoire du putsch revue et corrigée », sur actuel.ma, Actuel no 115, 4 novembre 2011 (version du 4 février 2012 sur archive.org).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵜⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵚⵚⵅⵉⵕⴰⵜ, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵉⴹⵉ (ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵎⵙⵇⴰⴷ ⴰⴱⵉⵍⵊⵉⴽⵉ ⵛⴰⵕⵍ ⴳⵉⵜⴰ &quot;Charles Guetta&quot;, ⴷ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍⵏ, ⴷ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ), ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴽⵛⵜⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵓⵍⵢⵓⵜⵏⴰⵏ-ⴽⵓⵍⵓⵏⵉⵍ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⴱⵓ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⵍⵎⴷⴱⵓⵃ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴼⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔⵏ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Dix officiers, dont quatre généraux ont été fusillés au Maroc », Le Monde.fr,‎ 14 juillet 1971 (lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 10 mars 2023).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⵖⵔ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵟⵟⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Mohammed V 1950.jpg|thumb|left|200x200px|ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⴷⴳ [[1950]].]]ⴷ ⴳ 16 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1972, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵓⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]] ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⴳⵉ ⴰⴳⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵖⵔ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵜ, ⵉⵏⵖⴰ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ ⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵜⴳⵉⴼ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ (ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵓⴼⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵡⵜ). ⴷ ⴳ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⴼⵓⴽⴽⴰ ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏⵜ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵎⵥ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴼⵓⴼⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ|ⵜⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]]&lt;ref&gt;Jeanne Fouet-Fauvernier, Écritures de la survie en milieu carcéral. Autobiographies de prisonniers marocains des « années de plomb », L’Harmattan, Paris, 2019, 304 p.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Arezki Metref, « Hassan II et son jardin secret », Le Monde diplomatique,‎ mai 2020, p. 25.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵖⵎⵙ &quot;ⵓⵔⵢⴰⵏ 21&quot; (Orient XXI)&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵀⴰⵜ ⴰⵍⵉⴽⵙⴰⵏⴷⵕ ⴷⵉ ⵎⴰⵕⴰⵏⵛ, ⴰⵏⵎⵀⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵎ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵙⵙⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵓⵎⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡⵜ&quot; ⴳ 1975 (ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ) ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⴼⴽⴰ ⵜⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵣⵎⵣ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵜⵜⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ&lt;ref&gt;François Musseau, « Sahara-Occidental : «Seule la violence fera parler» [archive] », sur Libération&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jean Ziegler, « Hassan II, l'Europe et le Sahara », Le Nouvel Afrique-Asie,‎ 1996, p. 28 (lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:King Hassan II with Mohammed VI.jpg|thumb|172x172px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]]]
== ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ==

* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵎⵔⵢⵎ
* [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]
* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⵙⵎⴰ
* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵃⴰⵙⵏⴰ
* ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ

== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==

* Gilles Perrault, ''Notre ami le roi'', Paris, Éditions Gallimard, coll. « Au vif du sujet », 1990, 367 p. (ISBN 2-07-071981-2).
* Éric Laurent, ''La Mémoire d'un roi : Entretiens avec Eric Laurent'', Paris, Plon, 1993, 304 p. (ISBN 2-259-02596-X).
* Michel Abitbol, ''Histoire du Maroc'', chapitre « Hassan II, “monarque constitutionnel de droit divin” », pp. 566-599.
* Souleiman Bencheikh, « Dans l'intimité des trois rois : Mohammed V, Hassan II, Mohammed VI », périodique ''TelQuel'', nᵒ 353, du 27 décembre 2008 au 9 janvier 2009. [http://www.telquel-online.com/353/couverture_353.shtml Texte de l'article].
* Jean-Pierre Tuquoi, ''Le Dernier Roi : Crépuscule d'une dynastie'', Paris, Éditions Grasset, 2001, 316 p. (ISBN 2-246-60861-9).
* Maurice Buttin, ''Hassan II - De Gaulle - Ben Barka : Ce que je sais d'eux'', Paris, Éditions Karthala, collection « Hommes et sociétés », 2010 (réimpression 2015), 540 p. (ISBN 978-2-8111-1499-2).
* Abdallah Laroui, ''Le Maroc et Hassan II : Un témoignage'', Cap-Rouge (Québec)/Casablanca, Les Presses inter universitaires / Centre culturel arabe, 2010, 248 p. (ISBN 978-2-89441-084-4).
* Pierre Vermeren, ''Histoire du Maroc depuis l'indépendance'', Paris, La Découverte, coll. « Repères/Histoire », 2010, passages : « La monarchie de Hassan II à l'épreuve (1961-1975) » et « Le Maroc de Hassan II du consensus à l'alternance (1975-1999) », pp. 33-100 (ISBN 978-2-7071-6499-5).
* Ignace Dalle, ''Hassan II : entre tradition et absolutisme'', Paris, Fayard, 2011, 689 p. (ISBN 978-2-213-63783-9).
* Marie Pierre, « Médias : Hassan II, Tazmamart et la télé française », ''Zamane'', Casablanca, nᵒ 13, novembre 2011, pp. 92-95 [http://zamane.ma/fr/hassan-ii-tazmamart-et-la-tele-francaise/ lire en ligne].

==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
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      <text bytes="33450" sha1="85w176coxcx7zly5xbg3ukajbwouz13" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]: ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّانِي، ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Hassan II) ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 9 [[ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]] ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ [[1999]] ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ ⴳ [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]], ⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ&quot; ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⵙⴳ 26 [[ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ]] [[1961]] ⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⴱⴹⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵏⴽⴰ. ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵏⵓⴼⵙⵍⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ&lt;ref&gt;Ignace Dalle, Fayard, 2011 &lt;small&gt;([[ISBN 978-2-213-63783-9|ISBN&amp;#x20;978-2-213-63783-9]], ⵖⵔ ⵜ [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ]).&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;ⴷ ⵜⵕⵥⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ &quot;ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴷⵓⵏ&quot;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|prénom1=Susan|nom1=Slyomovics|titre=Témoignages, écrits et silences : l’Instance Équité et Réconciliation (IER) marocaine et la réparation|périodique=L’Année du Maghreb|numéro={{IV}}|pages=123–148|date=2008-10-01|issn=1952-8108|doi=10.4000/anneemaghreb.435|lire en ligne=https://journals.openedition.org/anneemaghreb/435?lang=en|consulté le=2024-08-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre=L’Instance Équité et Réconciliation au Maroc : quels héritages ? ({{I}}) – Classe Internationale|url=https://classe-internationale.com/2018/05/31/linstance-equite-et-reconciliation-au-maroc-quels-heritages-i/|site=classe-internationale.com|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⴰⴳⴰⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵖⵔⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|prénom=Omar|nom=Brouksy|titre=Maroc. {{noble-|Hassan II}}, « pote » et despote|url=https://orientxxi.info/magazine/maroc-hassan-ii-pote-et-despote,3201|site={{noble-|Orient XXI}}|date=2019-07-22|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre={{noble-|HASSAN II}} : UN ABSOLUTISTE AUX MULTIPLES VISAGES - L'Humanité|url=https://www.humanite.fr/monde/-/hassan-ii-un-absolutiste-aux-multiples-visages|site=https://www.humanite.fr|date=1999-07-26|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Paul Balta|titre={{noble-|Hassan II}}, le roi qui a conjugué absolutisme et ouverture|périodique=journal|date=2009-07-27|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2009/07/27/hassan-ii-le-roi-qui-a-conjugue-absolutisme-et-ouverture_1223050_3212.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Jacques Mandelbaum|titre=&quot;Nos lieux interdits&quot; : enquête autour de disparus sous la dictature d'{{noble-|Hassan II}}|périodique=journal|date=2009-09-29|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/cinema/article/2009/09/29/nos-lieux-interdits-enquete-autour-de-disparus-sous-la-dictature-d-hassan-ii_1246743_3476.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵔⵙⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=Addis-Abeba: Une photo géante de feu SM {{noble-|Hassan II}}, Père fondateur de l’OUA, accrochée à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de l’UA|url=https://maroc-diplomatique.net/addis-abeba-photo-geante-de-feu-sm-hassan-ii-pere-fondateur-de-loua-accrochee-a-linterieur-de-lenceinte-de-lua/|site=maroc-diplomatique.net|date=27 juin 2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=L’Union du Maghreb arabe ? Vingt ans de blocages|url=https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/2009/04/09/l-union-du-maghreb-arabe-vingt-ans-de-blocages|site=courrierinternational.com|périodique=[[Courrier international]]|date=8 avril 2009|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Rétro-Verso : Quand la Garde Royale marocaine défilait sur les Champs-Élysées… », ''L'Opinion'', 24 juillet 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|titre=Hassan II, messager de la paix au Moyen-Orient ?|url=https://www.lorientlejour.com/article/1179919/hassan-ii-messager-de-la-paix-au-moyen-orient-.html|site=L'Orient-Le Jour|date=2019-07-23|consulté le=2026-09-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⴷⴱⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]], ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴳⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵍⴰⵀ]].

== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ==

=== ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴰⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉ ===
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;communiqué&quot;&gt;Voir le communiqué officiel en français reproduit dans {{article|titre=Naissance du prince héritier|périodique=[[L'Économiste]]|numéro=1515|lieu=Casablanca|jour=9|mois=mai|année=2003|lire en ligne=http://www.leconomiste.com/article/naissance-du-prince-heritier|consulté le=20 octobre 2015}}. Il y est écrit : {{citation|[[Mohammed VI|Sa Majesté le Roi]] […] a décidé de donner à Son Altesse Royale le Prince héritier, le [[prénom]] de [[Hassan du Maroc|Moulay Al Hassan]], du prénom de son auguste grand-père Feu Sa Majesté {{noble-|Hassan II}} […]}} (couramment appelé ainsi avant qu'il ne devienne roi).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵍ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⴷ [[ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵄⴱⵍⴰ]] ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ [[ⵟⵟⴰⵀⵕ]]. ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴼⴰⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⴱ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ. ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ (ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⵍⴰⵡⵉⵜ) ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ [[ⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜ]] ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=ar|auteur1=اسماعيل عزّام|titre=قضية المهدي بن بركة تعود للواجهة بقوة في المغرب بعد مرور نصف قرن على اختطافه|url=https://arabic.cnn.com/world/2015/10/31/ben-barka-morocco-0|accès url=payant|site=CNN Arabic|date=2015-10-30|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⴷⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⴽⴰⵍⵓⵔⵢⴰ ⴳ 1948&lt;ref&gt;Roger Coindreau et Charles Penz, Le Maroc: Maroc français, Maroc espagnol, Tanger, Société d'éditions géographiques, maritimes et coloniales, 1949 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 60.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ ⴳ [[ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ|ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ]], ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ]]&lt;ref&gt;Philippe Marchat, Le Maroc et &quot;les puissances&quot;: Un empire convoité - De 711 à 1942, Editions L'Harmattan, 1er juillet 2013 (ISBN 978-2-296-54022-4, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 17.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴷⴳ 1951&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵢⴰⵎⵥ ⴰⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ ⴳ 1952&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⵜⵜⵓⴳ ⵉ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;ⵓⵎⵉ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1953&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵓⵍⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ [[1955]]. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ, ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵓⵏⴱⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⴰⵊⵓⵊⵉ&quot; ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⵓⵔ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴷⵓ ⴳ 25 [[ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ]] 1963&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵣⵉⴽ ⵙ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎⴰⵙⵉⵜ. ⴷⴳ [[1943]], ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ]] ([[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ]]), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵡⵉⵏⵚⵟⵓⵏ ⵜⵛⵓⵔⵜⵛⵉⵍ]] ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵍⵉⵏ ⵕⵓⵥⴼⵉⵍⵜ]]; ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ [[ⵉⵎⵥⵟⵟⵉⴹⵏ]] ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⵓⵕⵓⴱⵜ]].

ⴷ ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵔⵣⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⵖⵔ ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⵍⴷ ⵉ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, ⵏⵏⵉ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵕⴰⴳⵎⴰⵜⵉⵜ ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ — ⵉⴼⵔⴽⵏ (ⵙ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵕⵓⵣⴼⵉⵍⵜ) ⵙ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ|ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ]]. ⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵔ ⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ. ⴳ 1952, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⵜⵜⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⵎⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ.

ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵖⵔ ⴽⵓⵔⵙⵉⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵣⵓⵏⵣⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵖⵔ ⵎⴰⴹⴰⴳⴰⵚⴽⴰⵕ, ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⴷ ⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1955.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴷⴳ 1956, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵎⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ — ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ — ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⴳ 9 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1957.

== ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ==

=== ⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⴳ 3 [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1961, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ.

=== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ===
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Hassan II, Marrakech, 1966.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ([[ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ]], [[1966]])]]

ⵖⵉⴽⴽ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵢⵓⵍⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⵖⵜⵙ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴱⴷⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴽⵕⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵜⵃⵎⵍ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ (ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵓⴼⵉⵍⵉ) ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵏⵏⵉ ⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⵔ ⵉ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ, ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳⵜ, ⵙ ⵜⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵜⴰ ⴳⵓⵕⵓⵏⵢⵓ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⵉⴷⵙ ⵙⴳ 1956&lt;ref&gt;Yabiladi.com, « Paquita Gorroño, la &quot;passionnée de Rabat&quot; n’est plus [archive] », sur yabiladi.com, 23 août 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1962, ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵥⵏ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵍⵖⴰ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵏ; ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵎ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵎⵏⵏ&quot; ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰ&quot;ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵥⴰⵕⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⵏⵏⴰⵕⵏ&quot;.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⵜⴹⵕ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵢⵢⵓⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵥⵍⵎⴰⴹⵜ, ⵜⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵜ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵡⴰⴹ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ ⴳ 1965 — ⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵥⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ. ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1965, ⵉⵏⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ|ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ]] ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]] ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵖⵏⵙⴰ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴷ [[ⵢⵓⵙⴼ ⴱⵍⵄⴱⴱⴰⵙ]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴷⵍⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵏⵏⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⴳ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ 16 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴷⵔⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref name=&quot;orientxxi20190722&quot; /&gt;{{,}}&lt;ref name=&quot;jeuneafrique2005&quot;&gt;{{Lien web |auteur=Omar Brouksy |titre=Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? |url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/86510/archives-thematique/que-s-est-il-vraiment-pass-le-23-mars-1965/ |site=jeuneafrique.com |date=21 mars 2005 |consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⴰⴳⵏⵜ ⵜⵖⵏⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴽⵕⴹⵉ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ; ⵙ ⵉⵙⵔⴳ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⴷ ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Omar Brouksy, « Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 21 mars 2005 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴳ 29 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵓⴽⵔⵏ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⴽ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵏ ⵊⵉⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ (ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵍⵉⴱ Lipp),  ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⵔⴰ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥⵏ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹ ⵖⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ&lt;ref&gt;Saïd Bouamama, Figures de la révolution africaine, La Découverte, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⴰⵙⵎⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ: ⵙ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵟⵕⴼⴰⵢⴰ (1958) ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⵉⴼⵏⵉ (1969)&lt;ref&gt;École de politique appliquée de l'Université de Sherbrooke, « Fin du conflit d'Ifni entre le Maroc et l'Espagne [archive] », sur perspective.usherbrooke.ca.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵛⴽ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ.

ⴳ 10 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1971, ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴽⵛⵎⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 1200 ⵏ ⵓⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙ&lt;ref&gt;« Coup d’Etat : Skhirat, L’histoire du putsch revue et corrigée », sur actuel.ma, Actuel no 115, 4 novembre 2011 (version du 4 février 2012 sur archive.org).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵜⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵚⵚⵅⵉⵕⴰⵜ, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵉⴹⵉ (ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵎⵙⵇⴰⴷ ⴰⴱⵉⵍⵊⵉⴽⵉ ⵛⴰⵕⵍ ⴳⵉⵜⴰ &quot;Charles Guetta&quot;, ⴷ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍⵏ, ⴷ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ), ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴽⵛⵜⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵓⵍⵢⵓⵜⵏⴰⵏ-ⴽⵓⵍⵓⵏⵉⵍ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⴱⵓ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⵍⵎⴷⴱⵓⵃ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴼⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔⵏ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Dix officiers, dont quatre généraux ont été fusillés au Maroc », Le Monde.fr,‎ 14 juillet 1971 (lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 10 mars 2023).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⵖⵔ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵟⵟⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Mohammed V 1950.jpg|thumb|left|200x200px|ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⴷⴳ [[1950]].]]ⴷ ⴳ 16 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1972, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵓⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]] ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⴳⵉ ⴰⴳⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵖⵔ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵜ, ⵉⵏⵖⴰ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ ⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵜⴳⵉⴼ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ (ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵓⴼⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵡⵜ). ⴷ ⴳ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⴼⵓⴽⴽⴰ ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏⵜ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵎⵥ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴼⵓⴼⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ|ⵜⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]]&lt;ref&gt;Jeanne Fouet-Fauvernier, Écritures de la survie en milieu carcéral. Autobiographies de prisonniers marocains des « années de plomb », L’Harmattan, Paris, 2019, 304 p.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Arezki Metref, « Hassan II et son jardin secret », Le Monde diplomatique,‎ mai 2020, p. 25.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵖⵎⵙ &quot;ⵓⵔⵢⴰⵏ 21&quot; (Orient XXI)&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵀⴰⵜ ⴰⵍⵉⴽⵙⴰⵏⴷⵕ ⴷⵉ ⵎⴰⵕⴰⵏⵛ, ⴰⵏⵎⵀⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵎ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵙⵙⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵓⵎⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡⵜ&quot; ⴳ 1975 (ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ) ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⴼⴽⴰ ⵜⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵣⵎⵣ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵜⵜⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ&lt;ref&gt;François Musseau, « Sahara-Occidental : «Seule la violence fera parler» [archive] », sur Libération&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jean Ziegler, « Hassan II, l'Europe et le Sahara », Le Nouvel Afrique-Asie,‎ 1996, p. 28 (lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
== ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵜ ==
ⴳ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢ ⵜⵉⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎⴰⵙⵉⵏ, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵥ ⵏⵏ ⵉ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵎⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙ ⵉⵏⵜⵍⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉⵜⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏ. ⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ &quot;ⵢⵉⴷⵉⵄⵓⵜ ⴰⵃⵕⵓⵏⵓⵜ&quot; ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵢⵎⵣ ⵓⴼ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ&quot;, ⵀⴰⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴰⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵓⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵓⵙⴰⴷ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵎⵎⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵉⵏ; ⴷ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵣⵎⵎⵉⵎⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵜⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵉ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Guerre des Six-Jours : Nouvelles révélations sur le rôle de Hassan II dans la victoire d’Israël [archive] », sur Le Desk, 16 octobre 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵣⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1973 ⵖⵔ ⵍⵊⵓⵍⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵎⵎⴰⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1973 &lt;ref&gt; « Guerre des Six-Jours : Nouvelles révélations sur le rôle de Hassan II dans la victoire d’Israël [archive] », sur Le Desk, 16 octobre 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;.
ⴳ 12 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1984, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⴼJean-Karim Fall, FRANCE 24, « Le Maroc réintègre l'Union africaine [archive] », sur france24.com, 30 janvier 2017 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).ⵉⵇⵉⵜ, ⵉⵙⵙⵉⴱⴷⴷ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵜⴰⴳⵎⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⵍⵜ &lt;ref&gt;Jean-Karim Fall, FRANCE 24, « Le Maroc réintègre l'Union africaine [archive] », sur france24.com, 30 janvier 2017 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;, &lt;ref&gt;« Le jour où le Maroc a quitté l’Organisation de l’unité africaine [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 30 novembre 2008 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;.
«ⵀⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵡⴹ ⴷ, ⴷ ⵙⵙⵓⵔⴼⴰⵜ ⵉⵢⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ, ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵟⵟⵓ. ⴷ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵙⵏⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⴰⵡⵏ ⵏⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵀⴰ ⴽⵏ ⵏⵏ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴰⵡⵏ ⵏⵙⵙⴰⵔⴰⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵔⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵏⵏⵓⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ.»
— ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Le jour où le Maroc a quitté l’Organisation de l’unité africaine [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 30 novembre 2008 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;
ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴽⵉⵏⴰ ⴼⴰⵙⵓ ⵟⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵙⴰⵏⴽⴰⵕⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵙⵇⵔⵔ ⵙ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ &lt;ref&gt;Amzat Boukari-Yabara, Une histoire du panafricanisme, La Découverte, 2017, p. 300.&lt;/ref&gt;.
ⴷ ⵉⵃⴹⴰ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵣⴷⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴳⵔⵔⵣⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ &lt;ref&gt;« Rétro-Verso : Quand la Garde Royale marocaine défilait sur les Champs-Élysées… », L'Opinion, 24 juillet 2024 [archive]&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵙⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵥⵕⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⵙ ⵎⴽⴰⴷ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1988, ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵀⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵉⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵥⵕⴼⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⵛⵛⵉⵍⵉⵏ, ⵉ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵉⵚⵉⵚ ⴱⵡⵉⴳ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴷ ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⴷⵓⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ &lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵜⵅⵛⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴼⵓⵖ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ &quot;ⴰⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵖ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ&quot; ⵏ ⵊⵉⵍ ⴱⵉⵕⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1990, ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵍⵎ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵓⵜⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴽⵔⴼⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵖⵣⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵎⴰⵎⵎⴰⵔⵜ, ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵜⵏ ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵥⵍⵎⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙ ⵜⵎⵔⵏⵉⵡⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵥⵍⴰⴹ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵔⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:King Hassan II with Mohammed VI.jpg|thumb|172x172px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]]]
== ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ==

* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵎⵔⵢⵎ
* [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]
* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⵙⵎⴰ
* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵃⴰⵙⵏⴰ
* ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ

== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==

* Gilles Perrault, ''Notre ami le roi'', Paris, Éditions Gallimard, coll. « Au vif du sujet », 1990, 367 p. (ISBN 2-07-071981-2).
* Éric Laurent, ''La Mémoire d'un roi : Entretiens avec Eric Laurent'', Paris, Plon, 1993, 304 p. (ISBN 2-259-02596-X).
* Michel Abitbol, ''Histoire du Maroc'', chapitre « Hassan II, “monarque constitutionnel de droit divin” », pp. 566-599.
* Souleiman Bencheikh, « Dans l'intimité des trois rois : Mohammed V, Hassan II, Mohammed VI », périodique ''TelQuel'', nᵒ 353, du 27 décembre 2008 au 9 janvier 2009. [http://www.telquel-online.com/353/couverture_353.shtml Texte de l'article].
* Jean-Pierre Tuquoi, ''Le Dernier Roi : Crépuscule d'une dynastie'', Paris, Éditions Grasset, 2001, 316 p. (ISBN 2-246-60861-9).
* Maurice Buttin, ''Hassan II - De Gaulle - Ben Barka : Ce que je sais d'eux'', Paris, Éditions Karthala, collection « Hommes et sociétés », 2010 (réimpression 2015), 540 p. (ISBN 978-2-8111-1499-2).
* Abdallah Laroui, ''Le Maroc et Hassan II : Un témoignage'', Cap-Rouge (Québec)/Casablanca, Les Presses inter universitaires / Centre culturel arabe, 2010, 248 p. (ISBN 978-2-89441-084-4).
* Pierre Vermeren, ''Histoire du Maroc depuis l'indépendance'', Paris, La Découverte, coll. « Repères/Histoire », 2010, passages : « La monarchie de Hassan II à l'épreuve (1961-1975) » et « Le Maroc de Hassan II du consensus à l'alternance (1975-1999) », pp. 33-100 (ISBN 978-2-7071-6499-5).
* Ignace Dalle, ''Hassan II : entre tradition et absolutisme'', Paris, Fayard, 2011, 689 p. (ISBN 978-2-213-63783-9).
* Marie Pierre, « Médias : Hassan II, Tazmamart et la télé française », ''Zamane'', Casablanca, nᵒ 13, novembre 2011, pp. 92-95 [http://zamane.ma/fr/hassan-ii-tazmamart-et-la-tele-francaise/ lire en ligne].

==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} 
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{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
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'''ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]: ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّانِي، ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Hassan II) ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 9 [[ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]] ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ [[1999]] ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ ⴳ [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]], ⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ&quot; ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⵙⴳ 26 [[ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ]] [[1961]] ⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⴱⴹⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵏⴽⴰ. ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵏⵓⴼⵙⵍⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ&lt;ref&gt;Ignace Dalle, Fayard, 2011 &lt;small&gt;([[ISBN 978-2-213-63783-9|ISBN&amp;#x20;978-2-213-63783-9]], ⵖⵔ ⵜ [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ]).&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;ⴷ ⵜⵕⵥⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ &quot;ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴷⵓⵏ&quot;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|prénom1=Susan|nom1=Slyomovics|titre=Témoignages, écrits et silences : l’Instance Équité et Réconciliation (IER) marocaine et la réparation|périodique=L’Année du Maghreb|numéro={{IV}}|pages=123–148|date=2008-10-01|issn=1952-8108|doi=10.4000/anneemaghreb.435|lire en ligne=https://journals.openedition.org/anneemaghreb/435?lang=en|consulté le=2024-08-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre=L’Instance Équité et Réconciliation au Maroc : quels héritages ? ({{I}}) – Classe Internationale|url=https://classe-internationale.com/2018/05/31/linstance-equite-et-reconciliation-au-maroc-quels-heritages-i/|site=classe-internationale.com|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⴰⴳⴰⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵖⵔⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|prénom=Omar|nom=Brouksy|titre=Maroc. {{noble-|Hassan II}}, « pote » et despote|url=https://orientxxi.info/magazine/maroc-hassan-ii-pote-et-despote,3201|site={{noble-|Orient XXI}}|date=2019-07-22|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre={{noble-|HASSAN II}} : UN ABSOLUTISTE AUX MULTIPLES VISAGES - L'Humanité|url=https://www.humanite.fr/monde/-/hassan-ii-un-absolutiste-aux-multiples-visages|site=https://www.humanite.fr|date=1999-07-26|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Paul Balta|titre={{noble-|Hassan II}}, le roi qui a conjugué absolutisme et ouverture|périodique=journal|date=2009-07-27|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2009/07/27/hassan-ii-le-roi-qui-a-conjugue-absolutisme-et-ouverture_1223050_3212.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Jacques Mandelbaum|titre=&quot;Nos lieux interdits&quot; : enquête autour de disparus sous la dictature d'{{noble-|Hassan II}}|périodique=journal|date=2009-09-29|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/cinema/article/2009/09/29/nos-lieux-interdits-enquete-autour-de-disparus-sous-la-dictature-d-hassan-ii_1246743_3476.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵔⵙⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=Addis-Abeba: Une photo géante de feu SM {{noble-|Hassan II}}, Père fondateur de l’OUA, accrochée à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de l’UA|url=https://maroc-diplomatique.net/addis-abeba-photo-geante-de-feu-sm-hassan-ii-pere-fondateur-de-loua-accrochee-a-linterieur-de-lenceinte-de-lua/|site=maroc-diplomatique.net|date=27 juin 2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=L’Union du Maghreb arabe ? Vingt ans de blocages|url=https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/2009/04/09/l-union-du-maghreb-arabe-vingt-ans-de-blocages|site=courrierinternational.com|périodique=[[Courrier international]]|date=8 avril 2009|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Rétro-Verso : Quand la Garde Royale marocaine défilait sur les Champs-Élysées… », ''L'Opinion'', 24 juillet 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|titre=Hassan II, messager de la paix au Moyen-Orient ?|url=https://www.lorientlejour.com/article/1179919/hassan-ii-messager-de-la-paix-au-moyen-orient-.html|site=L'Orient-Le Jour|date=2019-07-23|consulté le=2026-09-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⴷⴱⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]], ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴳⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵍⴰⵀ]].

== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ==

=== ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴰⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉ ===
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;communiqué&quot;&gt;Voir le communiqué officiel en français reproduit dans {{article|titre=Naissance du prince héritier|périodique=[[L'Économiste]]|numéro=1515|lieu=Casablanca|jour=9|mois=mai|année=2003|lire en ligne=http://www.leconomiste.com/article/naissance-du-prince-heritier|consulté le=20 octobre 2015}}. Il y est écrit : {{citation|[[Mohammed VI|Sa Majesté le Roi]] […] a décidé de donner à Son Altesse Royale le Prince héritier, le [[prénom]] de [[Hassan du Maroc|Moulay Al Hassan]], du prénom de son auguste grand-père Feu Sa Majesté {{noble-|Hassan II}} […]}} (couramment appelé ainsi avant qu'il ne devienne roi).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵍ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⴷ [[ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵄⴱⵍⴰ]] ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ [[ⵟⵟⴰⵀⵕ]]. ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴼⴰⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⴱ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ. ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ (ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⵍⴰⵡⵉⵜ) ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ [[ⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜ]] ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=ar|auteur1=اسماعيل عزّام|titre=قضية المهدي بن بركة تعود للواجهة بقوة في المغرب بعد مرور نصف قرن على اختطافه|url=https://arabic.cnn.com/world/2015/10/31/ben-barka-morocco-0|accès url=payant|site=CNN Arabic|date=2015-10-30|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⴷⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⴽⴰⵍⵓⵔⵢⴰ ⴳ 1948&lt;ref&gt;Roger Coindreau et Charles Penz, Le Maroc: Maroc français, Maroc espagnol, Tanger, Société d'éditions géographiques, maritimes et coloniales, 1949 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 60.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ ⴳ [[ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ|ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ]], ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ]]&lt;ref&gt;Philippe Marchat, Le Maroc et &quot;les puissances&quot;: Un empire convoité - De 711 à 1942, Editions L'Harmattan, 1er juillet 2013 (ISBN 978-2-296-54022-4, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 17.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴷⴳ 1951&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵢⴰⵎⵥ ⴰⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ ⴳ 1952&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⵜⵜⵓⴳ ⵉ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;ⵓⵎⵉ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1953&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵓⵍⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ [[1955]]. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ, ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵓⵏⴱⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⴰⵊⵓⵊⵉ&quot; ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⵓⵔ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴷⵓ ⴳ 25 [[ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ]] 1963&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵣⵉⴽ ⵙ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎⴰⵙⵉⵜ. ⴷⴳ [[1943]], ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ]] ([[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ]]), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵡⵉⵏⵚⵟⵓⵏ ⵜⵛⵓⵔⵜⵛⵉⵍ]] ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵍⵉⵏ ⵕⵓⵥⴼⵉⵍⵜ]]; ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ [[ⵉⵎⵥⵟⵟⵉⴹⵏ]] ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⵓⵕⵓⴱⵜ]].

ⴷ ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵔⵣⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⵖⵔ ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⵍⴷ ⵉ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, ⵏⵏⵉ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵕⴰⴳⵎⴰⵜⵉⵜ ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ — ⵉⴼⵔⴽⵏ (ⵙ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵕⵓⵣⴼⵉⵍⵜ) ⵙ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ|ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ]]. ⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵔ ⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ. ⴳ 1952, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⵜⵜⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⵎⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ.

ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵖⵔ ⴽⵓⵔⵙⵉⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵣⵓⵏⵣⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵖⵔ ⵎⴰⴹⴰⴳⴰⵚⴽⴰⵕ, ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⴷ ⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1955.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴷⴳ 1956, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵎⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ — ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ — ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⴳ 9 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1957.

== ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ==

=== ⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⴳ 3 [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1961, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ.

=== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ===
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Hassan II, Marrakech, 1966.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ([[ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ]], [[1966]])]]

ⵖⵉⴽⴽ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵢⵓⵍⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⵖⵜⵙ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴱⴷⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴽⵕⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵜⵃⵎⵍ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ (ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵓⴼⵉⵍⵉ) ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵏⵏⵉ ⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⵔ ⵉ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ, ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳⵜ, ⵙ ⵜⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵜⴰ ⴳⵓⵕⵓⵏⵢⵓ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⵉⴷⵙ ⵙⴳ 1956&lt;ref&gt;Yabiladi.com, « Paquita Gorroño, la &quot;passionnée de Rabat&quot; n’est plus [archive] », sur yabiladi.com, 23 août 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1962, ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵥⵏ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵍⵖⴰ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵏ; ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵎ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵎⵏⵏ&quot; ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰ&quot;ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵥⴰⵕⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⵏⵏⴰⵕⵏ&quot;.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⵜⴹⵕ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵢⵢⵓⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵥⵍⵎⴰⴹⵜ, ⵜⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵜ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵡⴰⴹ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ ⴳ 1965 — ⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵥⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ. ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1965, ⵉⵏⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ|ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ]] ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]] ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵖⵏⵙⴰ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴷ [[ⵢⵓⵙⴼ ⴱⵍⵄⴱⴱⴰⵙ]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴷⵍⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵏⵏⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⴳ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ 16 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴷⵔⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref name=&quot;orientxxi20190722&quot; /&gt;{{,}}&lt;ref name=&quot;jeuneafrique2005&quot;&gt;{{Lien web |auteur=Omar Brouksy |titre=Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? |url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/86510/archives-thematique/que-s-est-il-vraiment-pass-le-23-mars-1965/ |site=jeuneafrique.com |date=21 mars 2005 |consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⴰⴳⵏⵜ ⵜⵖⵏⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴽⵕⴹⵉ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ; ⵙ ⵉⵙⵔⴳ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⴷ ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Omar Brouksy, « Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 21 mars 2005 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴳ 29 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵓⴽⵔⵏ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⴽ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵏ ⵊⵉⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ (ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵍⵉⴱ Lipp),  ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⵔⴰ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥⵏ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹ ⵖⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ&lt;ref&gt;Saïd Bouamama, Figures de la révolution africaine, La Découverte, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⴰⵙⵎⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ: ⵙ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵟⵕⴼⴰⵢⴰ (1958) ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⵉⴼⵏⵉ (1969)&lt;ref&gt;École de politique appliquée de l'Université de Sherbrooke, « Fin du conflit d'Ifni entre le Maroc et l'Espagne [archive] », sur perspective.usherbrooke.ca.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵛⴽ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ.

ⴳ 10 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1971, ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴽⵛⵎⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 1200 ⵏ ⵓⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙ&lt;ref&gt;« Coup d’Etat : Skhirat, L’histoire du putsch revue et corrigée », sur actuel.ma, Actuel no 115, 4 novembre 2011 (version du 4 février 2012 sur archive.org).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵜⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵚⵚⵅⵉⵕⴰⵜ, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵉⴹⵉ (ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵎⵙⵇⴰⴷ ⴰⴱⵉⵍⵊⵉⴽⵉ ⵛⴰⵕⵍ ⴳⵉⵜⴰ &quot;Charles Guetta&quot;, ⴷ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍⵏ, ⴷ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ), ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴽⵛⵜⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵓⵍⵢⵓⵜⵏⴰⵏ-ⴽⵓⵍⵓⵏⵉⵍ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⴱⵓ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⵍⵎⴷⴱⵓⵃ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴼⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔⵏ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Dix officiers, dont quatre généraux ont été fusillés au Maroc », Le Monde.fr,‎ 14 juillet 1971 (lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 10 mars 2023).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⵖⵔ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵟⵟⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Mohammed V 1950.jpg|thumb|left|200x200px|ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⴷⴳ [[1950]].]]ⴷ ⴳ 16 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1972, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵓⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]] ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⴳⵉ ⴰⴳⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵖⵔ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵜ, ⵉⵏⵖⴰ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ ⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵜⴳⵉⴼ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ (ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵓⴼⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵡⵜ). ⴷ ⴳ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⴼⵓⴽⴽⴰ ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏⵜ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵎⵥ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴼⵓⴼⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ|ⵜⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]]&lt;ref&gt;Jeanne Fouet-Fauvernier, Écritures de la survie en milieu carcéral. Autobiographies de prisonniers marocains des « années de plomb », L’Harmattan, Paris, 2019, 304 p.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Arezki Metref, « Hassan II et son jardin secret », Le Monde diplomatique,‎ mai 2020, p. 25.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵖⵎⵙ &quot;ⵓⵔⵢⴰⵏ 21&quot; (Orient XXI)&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵀⴰⵜ ⴰⵍⵉⴽⵙⴰⵏⴷⵕ ⴷⵉ ⵎⴰⵕⴰⵏⵛ, ⴰⵏⵎⵀⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵎ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵙⵙⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵓⵎⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡⵜ&quot; ⴳ 1975 (ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ) ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⴼⴽⴰ ⵜⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵣⵎⵣ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵜⵜⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ&lt;ref&gt;François Musseau, « Sahara-Occidental : «Seule la violence fera parler» [archive] », sur Libération&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jean Ziegler, « Hassan II, l'Europe et le Sahara », Le Nouvel Afrique-Asie,‎ 1996, p. 28 (lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
== ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵜ ==
ⴳ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢ ⵜⵉⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎⴰⵙⵉⵏ, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵥ ⵏⵏ ⵉ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵎⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙ ⵉⵏⵜⵍⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉⵜⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏ. ⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ &quot;ⵢⵉⴷⵉⵄⵓⵜ ⴰⵃⵕⵓⵏⵓⵜ&quot; ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵢⵎⵣ ⵓⴼ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ&quot;, ⵀⴰⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴰⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵓⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵓⵙⴰⴷ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵉⵜⵜⴳⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵎⵎⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵉⵏ; ⴷ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵣⵎⵎⵉⵎⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵜⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵉ [[ⵉⵙⵔⴰⵢⵉⵍ|ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ]] ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Guerre des Six-Jours : Nouvelles révélations sur le rôle de Hassan II dans la victoire d’Israël [archive] », sur Le Desk, 16 octobre 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵣⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1973 ⵖⵔ ⵍⵊⵓⵍⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵎⵎⴰⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1973 &lt;ref&gt; « Guerre des Six-Jours : Nouvelles révélations sur le rôle de Hassan II dans la victoire d’Israël [archive] », sur Le Desk, 16 octobre 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⴳ 12 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1984, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⵉⵇⵉⵜ, ⵉⵙⵙⵉⴱⴷⴷ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵜⴰⴳⵎⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⵍⵜ &lt;ref&gt;Jean-Karim Fall, FRANCE 24, « Le Maroc réintègre l'Union africaine [archive] », sur france24.com, 30 janvier 2017 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;, &lt;ref&gt;« Le jour où le Maroc a quitté l’Organisation de l’unité africaine [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 30 novembre 2008 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;.

«ⵀⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵡⴹ ⴷ, ⴷ ⵙⵙⵓⵔⴼⴰⵜ ⵉⵢⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ, ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵟⵟⵓ. ⴷ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵙⵏⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⴰⵡⵏ ⵏⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵀⴰ ⴽⵏ ⵏⵏ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴰⵡⵏ ⵏⵙⵙⴰⵔⴰⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵔⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵏⵏⵓⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ.»

— ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Le jour où le Maroc a quitté l’Organisation de l’unité africaine [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 30 novembre 2008 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴽⵉⵏⴰ ⴼⴰⵙⵓ ⵟⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵙⴰⵏⴽⴰⵕⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵙⵇⵔⵔ ⵙ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ &lt;ref&gt;Amzat Boukari-Yabara, Une histoire du panafricanisme, La Découverte, 2017, p. 300.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⴷ ⵉⵃⴹⴰ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵣⴷⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴳⵔⵔⵣⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ &lt;ref&gt;« Rétro-Verso : Quand la Garde Royale marocaine défilait sur les Champs-Élysées… », L'Opinion, 24 juillet 2024 [archive]&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵙⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵥⵕⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⵙ ⵎⴽⴰⴷ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1988, ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵀⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵉⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵥⵕⴼⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⵛⵛⵉⵍⵉⵏ, ⵉ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵉⵚⵉⵚ ⴱⵡⵉⴳ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴷ ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⴷⵓⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ &lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵜⵅⵛⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴼⵓⵖ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ &quot;ⴰⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵖ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ&quot; ⵏ ⵊⵉⵍ ⴱⵉⵕⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1990, ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵍⵎ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵓⵜⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴽⵔⴼⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵖⵣⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵎⴰⵎⵎⴰⵔⵜ, ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵜⵏ ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵥⵍⵎⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙ ⵜⵎⵔⵏⵉⵡⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵥⵍⴰⴹ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵔⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:King Hassan II with Mohammed VI.jpg|thumb|172x172px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]]]
== ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ==

* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵎⵔⵢⵎ
* [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]
* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⵙⵎⴰ
* ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵃⴰⵙⵏⴰ
* ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ

== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==

* Gilles Perrault, ''Notre ami le roi'', Paris, Éditions Gallimard, coll. « Au vif du sujet », 1990, 367 p. (ISBN 2-07-071981-2).
* Éric Laurent, ''La Mémoire d'un roi : Entretiens avec Eric Laurent'', Paris, Plon, 1993, 304 p. (ISBN 2-259-02596-X).
* Michel Abitbol, ''Histoire du Maroc'', chapitre « Hassan II, “monarque constitutionnel de droit divin” », pp. 566-599.
* Souleiman Bencheikh, « Dans l'intimité des trois rois : Mohammed V, Hassan II, Mohammed VI », périodique ''TelQuel'', nᵒ 353, du 27 décembre 2008 au 9 janvier 2009. [http://www.telquel-online.com/353/couverture_353.shtml Texte de l'article].
* Jean-Pierre Tuquoi, ''Le Dernier Roi : Crépuscule d'une dynastie'', Paris, Éditions Grasset, 2001, 316 p. (ISBN 2-246-60861-9).
* Maurice Buttin, ''Hassan II - De Gaulle - Ben Barka : Ce que je sais d'eux'', Paris, Éditions Karthala, collection « Hommes et sociétés », 2010 (réimpression 2015), 540 p. (ISBN 978-2-8111-1499-2).
* Abdallah Laroui, ''Le Maroc et Hassan II : Un témoignage'', Cap-Rouge (Québec)/Casablanca, Les Presses inter universitaires / Centre culturel arabe, 2010, 248 p. (ISBN 978-2-89441-084-4).
* Pierre Vermeren, ''Histoire du Maroc depuis l'indépendance'', Paris, La Découverte, coll. « Repères/Histoire », 2010, passages : « La monarchie de Hassan II à l'épreuve (1961-1975) » et « Le Maroc de Hassan II du consensus à l'alternance (1975-1999) », pp. 33-100 (ISBN 978-2-7071-6499-5).
* Ignace Dalle, ''Hassan II : entre tradition et absolutisme'', Paris, Fayard, 2011, 689 p. (ISBN 978-2-213-63783-9).
* Marie Pierre, « Médias : Hassan II, Tazmamart et la télé française », ''Zamane'', Casablanca, nᵒ 13, novembre 2011, pp. 92-95 [http://zamane.ma/fr/hassan-ii-tazmamart-et-la-tele-francaise/ lire en ligne].

==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⴰⵡⵊⴰ ⵜⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉⵜ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
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'''ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]: ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّانِي، ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Hassan II) ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 9 [[ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]] ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ [[1999]] ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ ⴳ [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]], ⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ&quot; ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⵙⴳ 26 [[ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ]] [[1961]] ⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⴱⴹⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵏⴽⴰ. ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵏⵓⴼⵙⵍⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ&lt;ref&gt;Ignace Dalle, Fayard, 2011 &lt;small&gt;([[ISBN 978-2-213-63783-9|ISBN&amp;#x20;978-2-213-63783-9]], ⵖⵔ ⵜ [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ]).&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;ⴷ ⵜⵕⵥⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ &quot;ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴷⵓⵏ&quot;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|prénom1=Susan|nom1=Slyomovics|titre=Témoignages, écrits et silences : l’Instance Équité et Réconciliation (IER) marocaine et la réparation|périodique=L’Année du Maghreb|numéro={{IV}}|pages=123–148|date=2008-10-01|issn=1952-8108|doi=10.4000/anneemaghreb.435|lire en ligne=https://journals.openedition.org/anneemaghreb/435?lang=en|consulté le=2024-08-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre=L’Instance Équité et Réconciliation au Maroc : quels héritages ? ({{I}}) – Classe Internationale|url=https://classe-internationale.com/2018/05/31/linstance-equite-et-reconciliation-au-maroc-quels-heritages-i/|site=classe-internationale.com|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⴰⴳⴰⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵖⵔⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|prénom=Omar|nom=Brouksy|titre=Maroc. {{noble-|Hassan II}}, « pote » et despote|url=https://orientxxi.info/magazine/maroc-hassan-ii-pote-et-despote,3201|site={{noble-|Orient XXI}}|date=2019-07-22|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre={{noble-|HASSAN II}} : UN ABSOLUTISTE AUX MULTIPLES VISAGES - L'Humanité|url=https://www.humanite.fr/monde/-/hassan-ii-un-absolutiste-aux-multiples-visages|site=https://www.humanite.fr|date=1999-07-26|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Paul Balta|titre={{noble-|Hassan II}}, le roi qui a conjugué absolutisme et ouverture|périodique=journal|date=2009-07-27|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2009/07/27/hassan-ii-le-roi-qui-a-conjugue-absolutisme-et-ouverture_1223050_3212.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Jacques Mandelbaum|titre=&quot;Nos lieux interdits&quot; : enquête autour de disparus sous la dictature d'{{noble-|Hassan II}}|périodique=journal|date=2009-09-29|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/cinema/article/2009/09/29/nos-lieux-interdits-enquete-autour-de-disparus-sous-la-dictature-d-hassan-ii_1246743_3476.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵔⵙⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=Addis-Abeba: Une photo géante de feu SM {{noble-|Hassan II}}, Père fondateur de l’OUA, accrochée à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de l’UA|url=https://maroc-diplomatique.net/addis-abeba-photo-geante-de-feu-sm-hassan-ii-pere-fondateur-de-loua-accrochee-a-linterieur-de-lenceinte-de-lua/|site=maroc-diplomatique.net|date=27 juin 2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=L’Union du Maghreb arabe ? Vingt ans de blocages|url=https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/2009/04/09/l-union-du-maghreb-arabe-vingt-ans-de-blocages|site=courrierinternational.com|périodique=[[Courrier international]]|date=8 avril 2009|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Rétro-Verso : Quand la Garde Royale marocaine défilait sur les Champs-Élysées… », ''L'Opinion'', 24 juillet 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|titre=Hassan II, messager de la paix au Moyen-Orient ?|url=https://www.lorientlejour.com/article/1179919/hassan-ii-messager-de-la-paix-au-moyen-orient-.html|site=L'Orient-Le Jour|date=2019-07-23|consulté le=2026-09-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⴷⴱⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]], ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴳⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵍⴰⵀ]].

== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ==

=== ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴰⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉ ===
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;communiqué&quot;&gt;Voir le communiqué officiel en français reproduit dans {{article|titre=Naissance du prince héritier|périodique=[[L'Économiste]]|numéro=1515|lieu=Casablanca|jour=9|mois=mai|année=2003|lire en ligne=http://www.leconomiste.com/article/naissance-du-prince-heritier|consulté le=20 octobre 2015}}. Il y est écrit : {{citation|[[Mohammed VI|Sa Majesté le Roi]] […] a décidé de donner à Son Altesse Royale le Prince héritier, le [[prénom]] de [[Hassan du Maroc|Moulay Al Hassan]], du prénom de son auguste grand-père Feu Sa Majesté {{noble-|Hassan II}} […]}} (couramment appelé ainsi avant qu'il ne devienne roi).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵍ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⴷ [[ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵄⴱⵍⴰ]] ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ [[ⵟⵟⴰⵀⵕ]]. ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴼⴰⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⴱ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ. ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ (ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⵍⴰⵡⵉⵜ) ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ [[ⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜ]] ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=ar|auteur1=اسماعيل عزّام|titre=قضية المهدي بن بركة تعود للواجهة بقوة في المغرب بعد مرور نصف قرن على اختطافه|url=https://arabic.cnn.com/world/2015/10/31/ben-barka-morocco-0|accès url=payant|site=CNN Arabic|date=2015-10-30|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⴷⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⴽⴰⵍⵓⵔⵢⴰ ⴳ 1948&lt;ref&gt;Roger Coindreau et Charles Penz, Le Maroc: Maroc français, Maroc espagnol, Tanger, Société d'éditions géographiques, maritimes et coloniales, 1949 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 60.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ ⴳ [[ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ|ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ]], ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ]]&lt;ref&gt;Philippe Marchat, Le Maroc et &quot;les puissances&quot;: Un empire convoité - De 711 à 1942, Editions L'Harmattan, 1er juillet 2013 (ISBN 978-2-296-54022-4, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 17.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴷⴳ 1951&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵢⴰⵎⵥ ⴰⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ ⴳ 1952&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⵜⵜⵓⴳ ⵉ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;ⵓⵎⵉ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1953&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵓⵍⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ [[1955]]. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ, ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵓⵏⴱⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⴰⵊⵓⵊⵉ&quot; ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⵓⵔ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴷⵓ ⴳ 25 [[ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ]] 1963&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵣⵉⴽ ⵙ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎⴰⵙⵉⵜ. ⴷⴳ [[1943]], ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ]] ([[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ]]), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵡⵉⵏⵚⵟⵓⵏ ⵜⵛⵓⵔⵜⵛⵉⵍ]] ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵍⵉⵏ ⵕⵓⵥⴼⵉⵍⵜ]]; ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ [[ⵉⵎⵥⵟⵟⵉⴹⵏ]] ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⵓⵕⵓⴱⵜ]].

ⴷ ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵔⵣⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⵖⵔ ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⵍⴷ ⵉ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, ⵏⵏⵉ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵕⴰⴳⵎⴰⵜⵉⵜ ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ — ⵉⴼⵔⴽⵏ (ⵙ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵕⵓⵣⴼⵉⵍⵜ) ⵙ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ|ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ]]. ⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵔ ⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ. ⴳ 1952, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⵜⵜⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⵎⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ.

ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵖⵔ ⴽⵓⵔⵙⵉⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵣⵓⵏⵣⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵖⵔ ⵎⴰⴹⴰⴳⴰⵚⴽⴰⵕ, ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⴷ ⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1955.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴷⴳ 1956, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵎⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ — ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ — ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⴳ 9 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1957.

== ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ==

=== ⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⴳ 3 [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1961, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ.

=== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ===
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Hassan II, Marrakech, 1966.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ([[ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ]], [[1966]])]]

ⵖⵉⴽⴽ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵢⵓⵍⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⵖⵜⵙ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴱⴷⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴽⵕⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵜⵃⵎⵍ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ (ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵓⴼⵉⵍⵉ) ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵏⵏⵉ ⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⵔ ⵉ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ, ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳⵜ, ⵙ ⵜⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵜⴰ ⴳⵓⵕⵓⵏⵢⵓ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⵉⴷⵙ ⵙⴳ 1956&lt;ref&gt;Yabiladi.com, « Paquita Gorroño, la &quot;passionnée de Rabat&quot; n’est plus [archive] », sur yabiladi.com, 23 août 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1962, ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵥⵏ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵍⵖⴰ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵏ; ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵎ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵎⵏⵏ&quot; ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰ&quot;ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵥⴰⵕⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⵏⵏⴰⵕⵏ&quot;.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⵜⴹⵕ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵢⵢⵓⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵥⵍⵎⴰⴹⵜ, ⵜⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵜ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵡⴰⴹ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ ⴳ 1965 — ⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵥⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ. ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1965, ⵉⵏⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ|ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ]] ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]] ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵖⵏⵙⴰ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴷ [[ⵢⵓⵙⴼ ⴱⵍⵄⴱⴱⴰⵙ]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴷⵍⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵏⵏⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⴳ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ 16 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴷⵔⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref name=&quot;orientxxi20190722&quot; /&gt;{{,}}&lt;ref name=&quot;jeuneafrique2005&quot;&gt;{{Lien web |auteur=Omar Brouksy |titre=Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? |url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/86510/archives-thematique/que-s-est-il-vraiment-pass-le-23-mars-1965/ |site=jeuneafrique.com |date=21 mars 2005 |consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⴰⴳⵏⵜ ⵜⵖⵏⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴽⵕⴹⵉ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ; ⵙ ⵉⵙⵔⴳ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⴷ ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Omar Brouksy, « Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 21 mars 2005 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴳ 29 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵓⴽⵔⵏ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⴽ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵏ ⵊⵉⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ (ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵍⵉⴱ Lipp),  ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⵔⴰ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥⵏ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹ ⵖⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ&lt;ref&gt;Saïd Bouamama, Figures de la révolution africaine, La Découverte, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⴰⵙⵎⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ: ⵙ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵟⵕⴼⴰⵢⴰ (1958) ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⵉⴼⵏⵉ (1969)&lt;ref&gt;École de politique appliquée de l'Université de Sherbrooke, « Fin du conflit d'Ifni entre le Maroc et l'Espagne [archive] », sur perspective.usherbrooke.ca.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵛⴽ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ.

ⴳ 10 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1971, ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴽⵛⵎⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 1200 ⵏ ⵓⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙ&lt;ref&gt;« Coup d’Etat : Skhirat, L’histoire du putsch revue et corrigée », sur actuel.ma, Actuel no 115, 4 novembre 2011 (version du 4 février 2012 sur archive.org).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵜⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵚⵚⵅⵉⵕⴰⵜ, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵉⴹⵉ (ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵎⵙⵇⴰⴷ ⴰⴱⵉⵍⵊⵉⴽⵉ ⵛⴰⵕⵍ ⴳⵉⵜⴰ &quot;Charles Guetta&quot;, ⴷ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍⵏ, ⴷ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ), ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴽⵛⵜⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵓⵍⵢⵓⵜⵏⴰⵏ-ⴽⵓⵍⵓⵏⵉⵍ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⴱⵓ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⵍⵎⴷⴱⵓⵃ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴼⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔⵏ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Dix officiers, dont quatre généraux ont été fusillés au Maroc », Le Monde.fr,‎ 14 juillet 1971 (lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 10 mars 2023).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⵖⵔ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵟⵟⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Mohammed V 1950.jpg|thumb|left|200x200px|ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⴷⴳ [[1950]].]]ⴷ ⴳ 16 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1972, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵓⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]] ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⴳⵉ ⴰⴳⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵖⵔ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵜ, ⵉⵏⵖⴰ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ ⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵜⴳⵉⴼ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ (ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵓⴼⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵡⵜ). ⴷ ⴳ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⴼⵓⴽⴽⴰ ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏⵜ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵎⵥ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴼⵓⴼⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ|ⵜⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]]&lt;ref&gt;Jeanne Fouet-Fauvernier, Écritures de la survie en milieu carcéral. Autobiographies de prisonniers marocains des « années de plomb », L’Harmattan, Paris, 2019, 304 p.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Arezki Metref, « Hassan II et son jardin secret », Le Monde diplomatique,‎ mai 2020, p. 25.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵖⵎⵙ &quot;ⵓⵔⵢⴰⵏ 21&quot; (Orient XXI)&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵀⴰⵜ ⴰⵍⵉⴽⵙⴰⵏⴷⵕ ⴷⵉ ⵎⴰⵕⴰⵏⵛ, ⴰⵏⵎⵀⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵎ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵙⵙⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵓⵎⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡⵜ&quot; ⴳ 1975 (ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ) ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⴼⴽⴰ ⵜⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵣⵎⵣ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵜⵜⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ&lt;ref&gt;François Musseau, « Sahara-Occidental : «Seule la violence fera parler» [archive] », sur Libération&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jean Ziegler, « Hassan II, l'Europe et le Sahara », Le Nouvel Afrique-Asie,‎ 1996, p. 28 (lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
== ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵜ ==
ⴳ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢ ⵜⵉⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎⴰⵙⵉⵏ, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵥ ⵏⵏ ⵉ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵎⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙ ⵉⵏⵜⵍⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉⵜⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏ. ⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ &quot;ⵢⵉⴷⵉⵄⵓⵜ ⴰⵃⵕⵓⵏⵓⵜ&quot; ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵢⵎⵣ ⵓⴼ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ&quot;, ⵀⴰⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴰⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵓⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵓⵙⴰⴷ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵉⵜⵜⴳⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵎⵎⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵉⵏ; ⴷ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵣⵎⵎⵉⵎⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵜⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵉ [[ⵉⵙⵔⴰⵢⵉⵍ|ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ]] ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Guerre des Six-Jours : Nouvelles révélations sur le rôle de Hassan II dans la victoire d’Israël [archive] », sur Le Desk, 16 octobre 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵣⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1973 ⵖⵔ ⵍⵊⵓⵍⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵎⵎⴰⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1973 &lt;ref&gt; « Guerre des Six-Jours : Nouvelles révélations sur le rôle de Hassan II dans la victoire d’Israël [archive] », sur Le Desk, 16 octobre 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⴳ 12 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1984, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⵉⵇⵉⵜ, ⵉⵙⵙⵉⴱⴷⴷ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵜⴰⴳⵎⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⵍⵜ &lt;ref&gt;Jean-Karim Fall, FRANCE 24, « Le Maroc réintègre l'Union africaine [archive] », sur france24.com, 30 janvier 2017 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;, &lt;ref&gt;« Le jour où le Maroc a quitté l’Organisation de l’unité africaine [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 30 novembre 2008 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;.

«ⵀⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵡⴹ ⴷ, ⴷ ⵙⵙⵓⵔⴼⴰⵜ ⵉⵢⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ, ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵟⵟⵓ. ⴷ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵙⵏⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⴰⵡⵏ ⵏⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵀⴰ ⴽⵏ ⵏⵏ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴰⵡⵏ ⵏⵙⵙⴰⵔⴰⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵔⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵏⵏⵓⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ.»

— ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Le jour où le Maroc a quitté l’Organisation de l’unité africaine [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 30 novembre 2008 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴽⵉⵏⴰ ⴼⴰⵙⵓ ⵟⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵙⴰⵏⴽⴰⵕⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵙⵇⵔⵔ ⵙ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ &lt;ref&gt;Amzat Boukari-Yabara, Une histoire du panafricanisme, La Découverte, 2017, p. 300.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⴷ ⵉⵃⴹⴰ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵣⴷⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴳⵔⵔⵣⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ &lt;ref&gt;« Rétro-Verso : Quand la Garde Royale marocaine défilait sur les Champs-Élysées… », L'Opinion, 24 juillet 2024 [archive]&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵙⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵥⵕⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⵙ ⵎⴽⴰⴷ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1988, ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵀⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵉⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵥⵕⴼⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⵛⵛⵉⵍⵉⵏ, ⵉ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵉⵚⵉⵚ ⴱⵡⵉⴳ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴷ ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⴷⵓⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ &lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵜⵅⵛⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴼⵓⵖ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ &quot;ⴰⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵖ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ&quot; ⵏ ⵊⵉⵍ ⴱⵉⵕⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1990, ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵍⵎ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵓⵜⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴽⵔⴼⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵖⵣⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵎⴰⵎⵎⴰⵔⵜ, ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵜⵏ ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵥⵍⵎⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙ ⵜⵎⵔⵏⵉⵡⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵥⵍⴰⴹ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵔⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;.

== ⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵙⵉⵃⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ==
ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵢⵉⴷⵉⵔ ⴰⵙⴳⴷⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵉⵃⵉⵢⵏ, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⵔⴰⵏ; ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵏⵙⵉⵏⵢⵓⵕ ⵏⵓⵕⴱⵉⵕ ⴽⴰⵍⵎⵉⵍⵣ (1908-1985), ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵡⴰⴳⴳⴰⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴰⵜⵉⴽⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵥⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴼⵉⵕⵓⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵎⴰⴳⴰⵔ ⴳⵔ ⵢⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵙⵉⵃⵜ. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⴽⴰⵜⵓⵍⵉⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴻⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵙⴳⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⵍ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵉⵏ &lt;ref&gt;Keme Brama, « Islam et christianisme [archive] », sur Abidjan.net, 26 août 2009 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;, &lt;ref&gt;« La tolérance au Maroc : une obligation identitaire [archive] », sur Aujourd'hui le Maroc, 20 décembre 2001 (consulté le 20 juin 2024)&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⴼⴰⵡⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵓⴱⴰⴱⴰ ⵢⵓⵃⴰⵏⵏⴰ ⴱⵓⵍⵓⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵉⵔⵣⴼ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ; ⵓⵎⵉ ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⵓⴱⴰⴱⴰ ⴳ 19 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1985 ⴳ ⵡⵓⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵏⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 80 ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ, ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉⴷ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵏⵇⵇⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵍⵎⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵉⵃⵉⵢⵏ ⴰⵎ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴼⵍⵙⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴼⴳⴰⵏⵉⵜ, ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵣⵔⴰⵢⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵎⴰⵣ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵣⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵢⴰⵔⵎⴰⵙ.
ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴽⵟⵟⵓⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵥⴰⵕⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵚⵚⵓⵕⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴱⵖⴰⵢⵏⵓⵣⵜ/ⵍⵄⴰⵏⴽⴰⴱⵓⵜ (ⵜⴰⴽⵟⵟⵓⵎⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ 46) ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵔⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵡⵍ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵍⵙⵜ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ &lt;ref&gt;Keme Brama, « Islam et christianisme [archive] », sur Abidjan.net, 26 août 2009 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;.
ⵉⵎⴰ ⴳ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⵓⴷⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ, ⵀⴰⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ. ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1948 ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵊⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵊⵕⴰⴷⴰ, ⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 60 ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵢ ⵙⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ 1955 ⴷ 1956. ⴷ ⵜⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵜⵣⵡⴰⴳⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ 1961 ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵊⵊⴰⵏ  ⵓⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵣⵓⴳⵏ, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵡⵓⴼⵓⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 80 ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⵔⴽⵎⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵥⵍⴹⵏ &lt;ref&gt;Nora Togni, « Pourquoi les juifs du Maghreb sont-ils partis ? [archive] », sur Orient XXI, 29 juin 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;.

[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:King Hassan II with Mohammed VI.jpg|thumb|172x172px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]]]
== ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ==

* [[ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵎⵔⵢⵎ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵎⵔⵢⵎ]]
* [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]
* [[ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⵙⵎⴰ|ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⵙⵎⴰ]]
* [[ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵃⴰⵙⵏⴰ|ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵃⴰⵙⵏⴰ]]
* [[ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ|ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ]]

== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==

* Gilles Perrault, ''Notre ami le roi'', Paris, Éditions Gallimard, coll. « Au vif du sujet », 1990, 367 p. (ISBN 2-07-071981-2).
* Éric Laurent, ''La Mémoire d'un roi : Entretiens avec Eric Laurent'', Paris, Plon, 1993, 304 p. (ISBN 2-259-02596-X).
* Michel Abitbol, ''Histoire du Maroc'', chapitre « Hassan II, “monarque constitutionnel de droit divin” », pp. 566-599.
* Souleiman Bencheikh, « Dans l'intimité des trois rois : Mohammed V, Hassan II, Mohammed VI », périodique ''TelQuel'', nᵒ 353, du 27 décembre 2008 au 9 janvier 2009. [http://www.telquel-online.com/353/couverture_353.shtml Texte de l'article].
* Jean-Pierre Tuquoi, ''Le Dernier Roi : Crépuscule d'une dynastie'', Paris, Éditions Grasset, 2001, 316 p. (ISBN 2-246-60861-9).
* Maurice Buttin, ''Hassan II - De Gaulle - Ben Barka : Ce que je sais d'eux'', Paris, Éditions Karthala, collection « Hommes et sociétés », 2010 (réimpression 2015), 540 p. (ISBN 978-2-8111-1499-2).
* Abdallah Laroui, ''Le Maroc et Hassan II : Un témoignage'', Cap-Rouge (Québec)/Casablanca, Les Presses inter universitaires / Centre culturel arabe, 2010, 248 p. (ISBN 978-2-89441-084-4).
* Pierre Vermeren, ''Histoire du Maroc depuis l'indépendance'', Paris, La Découverte, coll. « Repères/Histoire », 2010, passages : « La monarchie de Hassan II à l'épreuve (1961-1975) » et « Le Maroc de Hassan II du consensus à l'alternance (1975-1999) », pp. 33-100 (ISBN 978-2-7071-6499-5).
* Ignace Dalle, ''Hassan II : entre tradition et absolutisme'', Paris, Fayard, 2011, 689 p. (ISBN 978-2-213-63783-9).
* Marie Pierre, « Médias : Hassan II, Tazmamart et la télé française », ''Zamane'', Casablanca, nᵒ 13, novembre 2011, pp. 92-95 [http://zamane.ma/fr/hassan-ii-tazmamart-et-la-tele-francaise/ lire en ligne].

==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
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      <text bytes="42997" sha1="1e1shxl98xzll769hkgt9nmpt4jy8ev" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}
'''ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]: ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّانِي، ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Hassan II) ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 9 [[ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]] ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ [[1999]] ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ ⴳ [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]], ⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ&quot; ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⵙⴳ 26 [[ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ]] [[1961]] ⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⴱⴹⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵏⴽⴰ. ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵏⵓⴼⵙⵍⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ&lt;ref&gt;Ignace Dalle, Fayard, 2011 &lt;small&gt;([[ISBN 978-2-213-63783-9|ISBN&amp;#x20;978-2-213-63783-9]], ⵖⵔ ⵜ [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ]).&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;ⴷ ⵜⵕⵥⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ &quot;ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴷⵓⵏ&quot;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|prénom1=Susan|nom1=Slyomovics|titre=Témoignages, écrits et silences : l’Instance Équité et Réconciliation (IER) marocaine et la réparation|périodique=L’Année du Maghreb|numéro={{IV}}|pages=123–148|date=2008-10-01|issn=1952-8108|doi=10.4000/anneemaghreb.435|lire en ligne=https://journals.openedition.org/anneemaghreb/435?lang=en|consulté le=2024-08-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre=L’Instance Équité et Réconciliation au Maroc : quels héritages ? ({{I}}) – Classe Internationale|url=https://classe-internationale.com/2018/05/31/linstance-equite-et-reconciliation-au-maroc-quels-heritages-i/|site=classe-internationale.com|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⴰⴳⴰⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵖⵔⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|prénom=Omar|nom=Brouksy|titre=Maroc. {{noble-|Hassan II}}, « pote » et despote|url=https://orientxxi.info/magazine/maroc-hassan-ii-pote-et-despote,3201|site={{noble-|Orient XXI}}|date=2019-07-22|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre={{noble-|HASSAN II}} : UN ABSOLUTISTE AUX MULTIPLES VISAGES - L'Humanité|url=https://www.humanite.fr/monde/-/hassan-ii-un-absolutiste-aux-multiples-visages|site=https://www.humanite.fr|date=1999-07-26|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Paul Balta|titre={{noble-|Hassan II}}, le roi qui a conjugué absolutisme et ouverture|périodique=journal|date=2009-07-27|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2009/07/27/hassan-ii-le-roi-qui-a-conjugue-absolutisme-et-ouverture_1223050_3212.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Jacques Mandelbaum|titre=&quot;Nos lieux interdits&quot; : enquête autour de disparus sous la dictature d'{{noble-|Hassan II}}|périodique=journal|date=2009-09-29|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/cinema/article/2009/09/29/nos-lieux-interdits-enquete-autour-de-disparus-sous-la-dictature-d-hassan-ii_1246743_3476.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵔⵙⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=Addis-Abeba: Une photo géante de feu SM {{noble-|Hassan II}}, Père fondateur de l’OUA, accrochée à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de l’UA|url=https://maroc-diplomatique.net/addis-abeba-photo-geante-de-feu-sm-hassan-ii-pere-fondateur-de-loua-accrochee-a-linterieur-de-lenceinte-de-lua/|site=maroc-diplomatique.net|date=27 juin 2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=L’Union du Maghreb arabe ? Vingt ans de blocages|url=https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/2009/04/09/l-union-du-maghreb-arabe-vingt-ans-de-blocages|site=courrierinternational.com|périodique=[[Courrier international]]|date=8 avril 2009|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Rétro-Verso : Quand la Garde Royale marocaine défilait sur les Champs-Élysées… », ''L'Opinion'', 24 juillet 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|titre=Hassan II, messager de la paix au Moyen-Orient ?|url=https://www.lorientlejour.com/article/1179919/hassan-ii-messager-de-la-paix-au-moyen-orient-.html|site=L'Orient-Le Jour|date=2019-07-23|consulté le=2026-09-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⴷⴱⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]], ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴳⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵍⴰⵀ]].

== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ==

=== ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴰⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉ ===
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;communiqué&quot;&gt;Voir le communiqué officiel en français reproduit dans {{article|titre=Naissance du prince héritier|périodique=[[L'Économiste]]|numéro=1515|lieu=Casablanca|jour=9|mois=mai|année=2003|lire en ligne=http://www.leconomiste.com/article/naissance-du-prince-heritier|consulté le=20 octobre 2015}}. Il y est écrit : {{citation|[[Mohammed VI|Sa Majesté le Roi]] […] a décidé de donner à Son Altesse Royale le Prince héritier, le [[prénom]] de [[Hassan du Maroc|Moulay Al Hassan]], du prénom de son auguste grand-père Feu Sa Majesté {{noble-|Hassan II}} […]}} (couramment appelé ainsi avant qu'il ne devienne roi).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵍ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⴷ [[ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵄⴱⵍⴰ]] ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ [[ⵟⵟⴰⵀⵕ]]. ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴼⴰⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⴱ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ. ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ (ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⵍⴰⵡⵉⵜ) ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ [[ⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜ]] ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=ar|auteur1=اسماعيل عزّام|titre=قضية المهدي بن بركة تعود للواجهة بقوة في المغرب بعد مرور نصف قرن على اختطافه|url=https://arabic.cnn.com/world/2015/10/31/ben-barka-morocco-0|accès url=payant|site=CNN Arabic|date=2015-10-30|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⴷⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⴽⴰⵍⵓⵔⵢⴰ ⴳ 1948&lt;ref&gt;Roger Coindreau et Charles Penz, Le Maroc: Maroc français, Maroc espagnol, Tanger, Société d'éditions géographiques, maritimes et coloniales, 1949 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 60.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ ⴳ [[ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ|ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ]], ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ]]&lt;ref&gt;Philippe Marchat, Le Maroc et &quot;les puissances&quot;: Un empire convoité - De 711 à 1942, Editions L'Harmattan, 1er juillet 2013 (ISBN 978-2-296-54022-4, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 17.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴷⴳ 1951&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵢⴰⵎⵥ ⴰⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ ⴳ 1952&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⵜⵜⵓⴳ ⵉ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;ⵓⵎⵉ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1953&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵓⵍⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ [[1955]]. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ, ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵓⵏⴱⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⴰⵊⵓⵊⵉ&quot; ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⵓⵔ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴷⵓ ⴳ 25 [[ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ]] 1963&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵣⵉⴽ ⵙ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎⴰⵙⵉⵜ. ⴷⴳ [[1943]], ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ]] ([[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ]]), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵡⵉⵏⵚⵟⵓⵏ ⵜⵛⵓⵔⵜⵛⵉⵍ]] ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵍⵉⵏ ⵕⵓⵥⴼⵉⵍⵜ]]; ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ [[ⵉⵎⵥⵟⵟⵉⴹⵏ]] ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⵓⵕⵓⴱⵜ]].

ⴷ ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵔⵣⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⵖⵔ ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⵍⴷ ⵉ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, ⵏⵏⵉ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵕⴰⴳⵎⴰⵜⵉⵜ ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ — ⵉⴼⵔⴽⵏ (ⵙ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵕⵓⵣⴼⵉⵍⵜ) ⵙ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ|ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ]]. ⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵔ ⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ. ⴳ 1952, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⵜⵜⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⵎⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ.

ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵖⵔ ⴽⵓⵔⵙⵉⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵣⵓⵏⵣⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵖⵔ ⵎⴰⴹⴰⴳⴰⵚⴽⴰⵕ, ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⴷ ⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1955.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴷⴳ 1956, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵎⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ — ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ — ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⴳ 9 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1957.

== ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ==

=== ⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⴳ 3 [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1961, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ.

=== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ===
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Hassan II, Marrakech, 1966.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ([[ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ]], [[1966]])]]

ⵖⵉⴽⴽ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵢⵓⵍⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⵖⵜⵙ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴱⴷⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴽⵕⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵜⵃⵎⵍ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ (ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵓⴼⵉⵍⵉ) ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵏⵏⵉ ⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⵔ ⵉ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ, ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳⵜ, ⵙ ⵜⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵜⴰ ⴳⵓⵕⵓⵏⵢⵓ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⵉⴷⵙ ⵙⴳ 1956&lt;ref&gt;Yabiladi.com, « Paquita Gorroño, la &quot;passionnée de Rabat&quot; n’est plus [archive] », sur yabiladi.com, 23 août 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1962, ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵥⵏ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵍⵖⴰ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵏ; ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵎ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵎⵏⵏ&quot; ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰ&quot;ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵥⴰⵕⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⵏⵏⴰⵕⵏ&quot;.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⵜⴹⵕ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵢⵢⵓⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵥⵍⵎⴰⴹⵜ, ⵜⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵜ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵡⴰⴹ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ ⴳ 1965 — ⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵥⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ. ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1965, ⵉⵏⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ|ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ]] ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]] ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵖⵏⵙⴰ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴷ [[ⵢⵓⵙⴼ ⴱⵍⵄⴱⴱⴰⵙ]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴷⵍⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵏⵏⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⴳ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ 16 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴷⵔⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref name=&quot;orientxxi20190722&quot; /&gt;{{,}}&lt;ref name=&quot;jeuneafrique2005&quot;&gt;{{Lien web |auteur=Omar Brouksy |titre=Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? |url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/86510/archives-thematique/que-s-est-il-vraiment-pass-le-23-mars-1965/ |site=jeuneafrique.com |date=21 mars 2005 |consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⴰⴳⵏⵜ ⵜⵖⵏⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴽⵕⴹⵉ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ; ⵙ ⵉⵙⵔⴳ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⴷ ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Omar Brouksy, « Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 21 mars 2005 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴳ 29 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵓⴽⵔⵏ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⴽ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵏ ⵊⵉⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ (ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵍⵉⴱ Lipp),  ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⵔⴰ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥⵏ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹ ⵖⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ&lt;ref&gt;Saïd Bouamama, Figures de la révolution africaine, La Découverte, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⴰⵙⵎⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ: ⵙ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵟⵕⴼⴰⵢⴰ (1958) ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⵉⴼⵏⵉ (1969)&lt;ref&gt;École de politique appliquée de l'Université de Sherbrooke, « Fin du conflit d'Ifni entre le Maroc et l'Espagne [archive] », sur perspective.usherbrooke.ca.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵛⴽ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ.

ⴳ 10 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1971, ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴽⵛⵎⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 1200 ⵏ ⵓⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙ&lt;ref&gt;« Coup d’Etat : Skhirat, L’histoire du putsch revue et corrigée », sur actuel.ma, Actuel no 115, 4 novembre 2011 (version du 4 février 2012 sur archive.org).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵜⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵚⵚⵅⵉⵕⴰⵜ, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵉⴹⵉ (ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵎⵙⵇⴰⴷ ⴰⴱⵉⵍⵊⵉⴽⵉ ⵛⴰⵕⵍ ⴳⵉⵜⴰ &quot;Charles Guetta&quot;, ⴷ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍⵏ, ⴷ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ), ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴽⵛⵜⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵓⵍⵢⵓⵜⵏⴰⵏ-ⴽⵓⵍⵓⵏⵉⵍ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⴱⵓ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⵍⵎⴷⴱⵓⵃ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴼⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔⵏ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Dix officiers, dont quatre généraux ont été fusillés au Maroc », Le Monde.fr,‎ 14 juillet 1971 (lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 10 mars 2023).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⵖⵔ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵟⵟⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Mohammed V 1950.jpg|thumb|left|200x200px|ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⴷⴳ [[1950]].]]ⴷ ⴳ 16 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1972, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵓⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]] ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⴳⵉ ⴰⴳⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵖⵔ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵜ, ⵉⵏⵖⴰ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ ⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵜⴳⵉⴼ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ (ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵓⴼⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵡⵜ). ⴷ ⴳ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⴼⵓⴽⴽⴰ ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏⵜ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵎⵥ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴼⵓⴼⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ|ⵜⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]]&lt;ref&gt;Jeanne Fouet-Fauvernier, Écritures de la survie en milieu carcéral. Autobiographies de prisonniers marocains des « années de plomb », L’Harmattan, Paris, 2019, 304 p.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Arezki Metref, « Hassan II et son jardin secret », Le Monde diplomatique,‎ mai 2020, p. 25.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵖⵎⵙ &quot;ⵓⵔⵢⴰⵏ 21&quot; (Orient XXI)&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵀⴰⵜ ⴰⵍⵉⴽⵙⴰⵏⴷⵕ ⴷⵉ ⵎⴰⵕⴰⵏⵛ, ⴰⵏⵎⵀⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵎ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵙⵙⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵓⵎⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡⵜ&quot; ⴳ 1975 (ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ) ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⴼⴽⴰ ⵜⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵣⵎⵣ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵜⵜⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ&lt;ref&gt;François Musseau, « Sahara-Occidental : «Seule la violence fera parler» [archive] », sur Libération&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jean Ziegler, « Hassan II, l'Europe et le Sahara », Le Nouvel Afrique-Asie,‎ 1996, p. 28 (lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
== ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵜ ==
ⴳ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢ ⵜⵉⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎⴰⵙⵉⵏ, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵥ ⵏⵏ ⵉ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵎⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙ ⵉⵏⵜⵍⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉⵜⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏ. ⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ &quot;ⵢⵉⴷⵉⵄⵓⵜ ⴰⵃⵕⵓⵏⵓⵜ&quot; ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵢⵎⵣ ⵓⴼ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ&quot;, ⵀⴰⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴰⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵓⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵓⵙⴰⴷ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵉⵜⵜⴳⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵎⵎⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵉⵏ; ⴷ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵣⵎⵎⵉⵎⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵜⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵉ [[ⵉⵙⵔⴰⵢⵉⵍ|ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ]] ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Guerre des Six-Jours : Nouvelles révélations sur le rôle de Hassan II dans la victoire d’Israël [archive] », sur Le Desk, 16 octobre 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵣⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1973 ⵖⵔ ⵍⵊⵓⵍⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵎⵎⴰⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1973 &lt;ref&gt; « Guerre des Six-Jours : Nouvelles révélations sur le rôle de Hassan II dans la victoire d’Israël [archive] », sur Le Desk, 16 octobre 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⴳ 12 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1984, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⵉⵇⵉⵜ, ⵉⵙⵙⵉⴱⴷⴷ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵜⴰⴳⵎⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⵍⵜ &lt;ref&gt;Jean-Karim Fall, FRANCE 24, « Le Maroc réintègre l'Union africaine [archive] », sur france24.com, 30 janvier 2017 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;, &lt;ref&gt;« Le jour où le Maroc a quitté l’Organisation de l’unité africaine [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 30 novembre 2008 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;.

«ⵀⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵡⴹ ⴷ, ⴷ ⵙⵙⵓⵔⴼⴰⵜ ⵉⵢⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ, ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵟⵟⵓ. ⴷ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵙⵏⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⴰⵡⵏ ⵏⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵀⴰ ⴽⵏ ⵏⵏ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴰⵡⵏ ⵏⵙⵙⴰⵔⴰⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵔⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵏⵏⵓⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ.»

— ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Le jour où le Maroc a quitté l’Organisation de l’unité africaine [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 30 novembre 2008 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴽⵉⵏⴰ ⴼⴰⵙⵓ ⵟⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵙⴰⵏⴽⴰⵕⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵙⵇⵔⵔ ⵙ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ &lt;ref&gt;Amzat Boukari-Yabara, Une histoire du panafricanisme, La Découverte, 2017, p. 300.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⴷ ⵉⵃⴹⴰ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵣⴷⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴳⵔⵔⵣⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ &lt;ref&gt;« Rétro-Verso : Quand la Garde Royale marocaine défilait sur les Champs-Élysées… », L'Opinion, 24 juillet 2024 [archive]&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵙⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵥⵕⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⵙ ⵎⴽⴰⴷ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1988, ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵀⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵉⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵥⵕⴼⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⵛⵛⵉⵍⵉⵏ, ⵉ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵉⵚⵉⵚ ⴱⵡⵉⴳ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴷ ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⴷⵓⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ &lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵜⵅⵛⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴼⵓⵖ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ &quot;ⴰⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵖ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ&quot; ⵏ ⵊⵉⵍ ⴱⵉⵕⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1990, ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵍⵎ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵓⵜⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴽⵔⴼⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵖⵣⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵎⴰⵎⵎⴰⵔⵜ, ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵜⵏ ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵥⵍⵎⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙ ⵜⵎⵔⵏⵉⵡⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵥⵍⴰⴹ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵔⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;.

== ⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵙⵉⵃⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ==
ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵢⵉⴷⵉⵔ ⴰⵙⴳⴷⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵉⵃⵉⵢⵏ, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⵔⴰⵏ; ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵏⵙⵉⵏⵢⵓⵕ ⵏⵓⵕⴱⵉⵕ ⴽⴰⵍⵎⵉⵍⵣ (1908-1985), ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵡⴰⴳⴳⴰⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴰⵜⵉⴽⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵥⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴼⵉⵕⵓⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵎⴰⴳⴰⵔ ⴳⵔ ⵢⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵙⵉⵃⵜ. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⴽⴰⵜⵓⵍⵉⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴻⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵙⴳⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⵍ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵉⵏ &lt;ref&gt;Keme Brama, « Islam et christianisme [archive] », sur Abidjan.net, 26 août 2009 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;, &lt;ref&gt;« La tolérance au Maroc : une obligation identitaire [archive] », sur Aujourd'hui le Maroc, 20 décembre 2001 (consulté le 20 juin 2024)&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⴼⴰⵡⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵓⴱⴰⴱⴰ ⵢⵓⵃⴰⵏⵏⴰ ⴱⵓⵍⵓⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵉⵔⵣⴼ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ; ⵓⵎⵉ ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⵓⴱⴰⴱⴰ ⴳ 19 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1985 ⴳ ⵡⵓⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵏⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 80 ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ, ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉⴷ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵏⵇⵇⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵍⵎⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵉⵃⵉⵢⵏ ⴰⵎ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴼⵍⵙⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴼⴳⴰⵏⵉⵜ, ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵣⵔⴰⵢⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵎⴰⵣ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵣⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵢⴰⵔⵎⴰⵙ.
ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴽⵟⵟⵓⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵥⴰⵕⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵚⵚⵓⵕⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴱⵖⴰⵢⵏⵓⵣⵜ/ⵍⵄⴰⵏⴽⴰⴱⵓⵜ (ⵜⴰⴽⵟⵟⵓⵎⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ 46) ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵔⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵡⵍ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵍⵙⵜ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ &lt;ref&gt;Keme Brama, « Islam et christianisme [archive] », sur Abidjan.net, 26 août 2009 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;.
ⵉⵎⴰ ⴳ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⵓⴷⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ, ⵀⴰⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ. ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1948 ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵊⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵊⵕⴰⴷⴰ, ⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 60 ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵢ ⵙⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ 1955 ⴷ 1956. ⴷ ⵜⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵜⵣⵡⴰⴳⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ 1961 ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵊⵊⴰⵏ  ⵓⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵣⵓⴳⵏ, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵡⵓⴼⵓⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 80 ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⵔⴽⵎⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵥⵍⴹⵏ &lt;ref&gt;Nora Togni, « Pourquoi les juifs du Maghreb sont-ils partis ? [archive] », sur Orient XXI, 29 juin 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;.
ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ 1973, ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵣⵡⵉ ⵉⵎⵎⵔⴰⵏ, ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 40 ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴷⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ. ⴷ ⵉⵡⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⵢⵢⵓⵖⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵢⴰⴹⴼⴰⵕⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵓⵙⵙⵉⴷⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵡⴹ ⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵖⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ (ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 3000 ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴰⵏ) ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ &lt;ref&gt;« Bibliographie sélective des travaux de Jacques Taïeb », dans Juifs au Maghreb, Editions de l'Éclat, 2013 (ISBN 978-2-84162-342-6, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 243.&lt;/ref&gt;.
== ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ==
ⴽⴽⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵜⵜⵣⵓⵣⵣⵔⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵇⴰⵃ ⵜⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵓⴽⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵃⵓⵏⴰ &lt;ref&gt;Pascal Bonnard, « La figure du roi dans l’espace public, enjeu politique et reflet d’une société | Blog AlterEurope [archive] », sur AlterEurope, 8 juin 2017 (DOI 10.58079/az5g, consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵢⵢⵓⵖⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ (ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ) ⴷ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵏⵙⵍⵎ, ⵉⵙⵙⴼⴰⵍ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉⴳⵣⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵏⵓⵕⵥⵎ; ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵙⵙⵉⴷⵔⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵏⵉⴼⵉⵍⵏ ⵉⴷⵙⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ 1992 ⴷ 1996 ⵙⴳ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⴱⴹⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵍⴰⵍⵜ, ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵙⵎⴳⵍ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴳ ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ 1998 ⴰⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⴰⵙⵔⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ  ⵄⴱⴷⵕⵕⵃⵎⴰⵏ ⵍⵢⵓⵙⴼⵉ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ.
ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⵏⵜⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵎⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵥ ⵉ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ:
* ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴳⴳⵓⴳⵏ: ⴰⵙⵖⵉⵡⵙ ⵉ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴳⴳⵓⴳⵏ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴽⵔⵣⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴳⵓⵔⵉ &lt;ref&gt;« Maroc, la mobilisation des eaux de surface par les barrages » [PDF], Terre et Vie, no 61-62, Octobre-novembre 2002 (version du 7 mars 2012 sur archive.org).&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵎⴰ ⵙ ⵉⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉ ⵓⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⵙⵉⵙ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⴽⵓ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴳⴳⵓⴳⵏ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵣⵎⵎⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵟⵟⵓ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵓⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵕⵡⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵡⵓⵔⴰⵢⵏ ⴽⴰⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴳⴳⵓⴳⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜⵏ ⴳ ⴽⵓ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ &lt;ref&gt;El Ghomari Khalid, « Bilan de la politique de l'eau au Maroc [archive] » [PDF], sur barrages-cfbr.eu.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⵓⴳⴳⵓⴳ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵎⵓⴹ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ.
* ⵜⵉⵙⵙⵓⵍⴳⴰ: ⵙⴳ ⵜⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ  ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ, ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴼⴰⵍ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵉⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵙⵙⵓⵍⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵛⵛⵉⵡⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴷⵎⵙⴰⵏ [[ⴰⵏⴷⵔⵉ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ|ⴰⵏⴷⵕⵉ ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ]], ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵊⵊⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵏⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵙⵓ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵎⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⴰⵔⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵢⴰⴼⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Le roi, son or et le groupe Managem [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 30 mai 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;.
ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵙⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵍ ⴳ 23 [[ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ]] 1999 ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ 70 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ

[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:King Hassan II with Mohammed VI.jpg|thumb|172x172px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]]]
== ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ==

* [[ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵎⵔⵢⵎ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵎⵔⵢⵎ]]
* [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]
* [[ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⵙⵎⴰ|ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⵙⵎⴰ]]
* [[ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵃⴰⵙⵏⴰ|ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵃⴰⵙⵏⴰ]]
* [[ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ|ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ]]

== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==

* Gilles Perrault, ''Notre ami le roi'', Paris, Éditions Gallimard, coll. « Au vif du sujet », 1990, 367 p. (ISBN 2-07-071981-2).
* Éric Laurent, ''La Mémoire d'un roi : Entretiens avec Eric Laurent'', Paris, Plon, 1993, 304 p. (ISBN 2-259-02596-X).
* Michel Abitbol, ''Histoire du Maroc'', chapitre « Hassan II, “monarque constitutionnel de droit divin” », pp. 566-599.
* Souleiman Bencheikh, « Dans l'intimité des trois rois : Mohammed V, Hassan II, Mohammed VI », périodique ''TelQuel'', nᵒ 353, du 27 décembre 2008 au 9 janvier 2009. [http://www.telquel-online.com/353/couverture_353.shtml Texte de l'article].
* Jean-Pierre Tuquoi, ''Le Dernier Roi : Crépuscule d'une dynastie'', Paris, Éditions Grasset, 2001, 316 p. (ISBN 2-246-60861-9).
* Maurice Buttin, ''Hassan II - De Gaulle - Ben Barka : Ce que je sais d'eux'', Paris, Éditions Karthala, collection « Hommes et sociétés », 2010 (réimpression 2015), 540 p. (ISBN 978-2-8111-1499-2).
* Abdallah Laroui, ''Le Maroc et Hassan II : Un témoignage'', Cap-Rouge (Québec)/Casablanca, Les Presses inter universitaires / Centre culturel arabe, 2010, 248 p. (ISBN 978-2-89441-084-4).
* Pierre Vermeren, ''Histoire du Maroc depuis l'indépendance'', Paris, La Découverte, coll. « Repères/Histoire », 2010, passages : « La monarchie de Hassan II à l'épreuve (1961-1975) » et « Le Maroc de Hassan II du consensus à l'alternance (1975-1999) », pp. 33-100 (ISBN 978-2-7071-6499-5).
* Ignace Dalle, ''Hassan II : entre tradition et absolutisme'', Paris, Fayard, 2011, 689 p. (ISBN 978-2-213-63783-9).
* Marie Pierre, « Médias : Hassan II, Tazmamart et la télé française », ''Zamane'', Casablanca, nᵒ 13, novembre 2011, pp. 92-95 [http://zamane.ma/fr/hassan-ii-tazmamart-et-la-tele-francaise/ lire en ligne].

==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⴰⵡⵊⴰ ⵜⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉⵜ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
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'''ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]]: ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّانِي، ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: Hassan II) ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 9 [[ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ]] [[1929]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]] ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ [[1999]] ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ ⴳ [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]], ⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ&quot; ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⵙⴳ 26 [[ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ]] [[1961]] ⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⴱⴹⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵏⴽⴰ. ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵏⵓⴼⵙⵍⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ&lt;ref&gt;Ignace Dalle, Fayard, 2011 &lt;small&gt;([[ISBN 978-2-213-63783-9|ISBN&amp;#x20;978-2-213-63783-9]], ⵖⵔ ⵜ [ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ]).&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;ⴷ ⵜⵕⵥⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ &quot;ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴷⵓⵏ&quot;. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|prénom1=Susan|nom1=Slyomovics|titre=Témoignages, écrits et silences : l’Instance Équité et Réconciliation (IER) marocaine et la réparation|périodique=L’Année du Maghreb|numéro={{IV}}|pages=123–148|date=2008-10-01|issn=1952-8108|doi=10.4000/anneemaghreb.435|lire en ligne=https://journals.openedition.org/anneemaghreb/435?lang=en|consulté le=2024-08-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre=L’Instance Équité et Réconciliation au Maroc : quels héritages ? ({{I}}) – Classe Internationale|url=https://classe-internationale.com/2018/05/31/linstance-equite-et-reconciliation-au-maroc-quels-heritages-i/|site=classe-internationale.com|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⴰⴳⴰⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵖⵔⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|prénom=Omar|nom=Brouksy|titre=Maroc. {{noble-|Hassan II}}, « pote » et despote|url=https://orientxxi.info/magazine/maroc-hassan-ii-pote-et-despote,3201|site={{noble-|Orient XXI}}|date=2019-07-22|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre={{noble-|HASSAN II}} : UN ABSOLUTISTE AUX MULTIPLES VISAGES - L'Humanité|url=https://www.humanite.fr/monde/-/hassan-ii-un-absolutiste-aux-multiples-visages|site=https://www.humanite.fr|date=1999-07-26|consulté le=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Paul Balta|titre={{noble-|Hassan II}}, le roi qui a conjugué absolutisme et ouverture|périodique=journal|date=2009-07-27|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2009/07/27/hassan-ii-le-roi-qui-a-conjugue-absolutisme-et-ouverture_1223050_3212.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Article|langue=fr|auteur1=Jacques Mandelbaum|titre=&quot;Nos lieux interdits&quot; : enquête autour de disparus sous la dictature d'{{noble-|Hassan II}}|périodique=journal|date=2009-09-29|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/cinema/article/2009/09/29/nos-lieux-interdits-enquete-autour-de-disparus-sous-la-dictature-d-hassan-ii_1246743_3476.html|consulté le=2024-08-29|accès url=libre}}&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵔⵙⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉⵜ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=Addis-Abeba: Une photo géante de feu SM {{noble-|Hassan II}}, Père fondateur de l’OUA, accrochée à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de l’UA|url=https://maroc-diplomatique.net/addis-abeba-photo-geante-de-feu-sm-hassan-ii-pere-fondateur-de-loua-accrochee-a-linterieur-de-lenceinte-de-lua/|site=maroc-diplomatique.net|date=27 juin 2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|titre=L’Union du Maghreb arabe ? Vingt ans de blocages|url=https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/2009/04/09/l-union-du-maghreb-arabe-vingt-ans-de-blocages|site=courrierinternational.com|périodique=[[Courrier international]]|date=8 avril 2009|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Rétro-Verso : Quand la Garde Royale marocaine défilait sur les Champs-Élysées… », ''L'Opinion'', 24 juillet 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=fr|titre=Hassan II, messager de la paix au Moyen-Orient ?|url=https://www.lorientlejour.com/article/1179919/hassan-ii-messager-de-la-paix-au-moyen-orient-.html|site=L'Orient-Le Jour|date=2019-07-23|consulté le=2026-09-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⴷⴱⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]], ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴳⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵍⴰⵀ]].

== ⵜⵉⵄⵄⵓⵔⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ==

=== ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴰⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉ ===
ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;communiqué&quot;&gt;Voir le communiqué officiel en français reproduit dans {{article|titre=Naissance du prince héritier|périodique=[[L'Économiste]]|numéro=1515|lieu=Casablanca|jour=9|mois=mai|année=2003|lire en ligne=http://www.leconomiste.com/article/naissance-du-prince-heritier|consulté le=20 octobre 2015}}. Il y est écrit : {{citation|[[Mohammed VI|Sa Majesté le Roi]] […] a décidé de donner à Son Altesse Royale le Prince héritier, le [[prénom]] de [[Hassan du Maroc|Moulay Al Hassan]], du prénom de son auguste grand-père Feu Sa Majesté {{noble-|Hassan II}} […]}} (couramment appelé ainsi avant qu'il ne devienne roi).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵍ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]], ⴷ [[ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵄⴱⵍⴰ]] ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ [[ⵟⵟⴰⵀⵕ]]. ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴼⴰⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵟⵟⴰⵢⴱ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ. ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ (ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⵍⴰⵡⵉⵜ) ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ [[ⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜ]] ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|langue=ar|auteur1=اسماعيل عزّام|titre=قضية المهدي بن بركة تعود للواجهة بقوة في المغرب بعد مرور نصف قرن على اختطافه|url=https://arabic.cnn.com/world/2015/10/31/ben-barka-morocco-0|accès url=payant|site=CNN Arabic|date=2015-10-30|consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⴷⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⴽⴰⵍⵓⵔⵢⴰ ⴳ 1948&lt;ref&gt;Roger Coindreau et Charles Penz, Le Maroc: Maroc français, Maroc espagnol, Tanger, Société d'éditions géographiques, maritimes et coloniales, 1949 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 60.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ ⴳ [[ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ|ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ]], ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ]]&lt;ref&gt;Philippe Marchat, Le Maroc et &quot;les puissances&quot;: Un empire convoité - De 711 à 1942, Editions L'Harmattan, 1er juillet 2013 (ISBN 978-2-296-54022-4, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 17.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴷⴳ 1951&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵢⴰⵎⵥ ⴰⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ ⴳ 1952&lt;ref&gt;La Vie africaine, S.O.G.E.R.E.P., 1964 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⵜⵜⵓⴳ ⵉ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴹⵓ&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;ⵓⵎⵉ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1953&lt;ref&gt;Pierre Corval, Le Maroc en révolution, Éditions T.C., 1956 (lire en ligne [archive]), p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵓⵍⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ [[1955]]. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ, ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵓⵏⴱⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⵍⴰⵊⵓⵊⵉ&quot; ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⵓⵔ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴷⵓ ⴳ 25 [[ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ]] 1963&lt;ref&gt;Marc Malherbe, La Faculté de Droit de Bordeaux: (1870 - 1970), Presses Univ de Bordeaux, 1996 (ISBN 978-2-86781-163-0, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 152.&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵣⵉⴽ ⵙ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎⴰⵙⵉⵜ. ⴷⴳ [[1943]], ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ]] ([[ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ]]), ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⵡⵉⵏⵚⵟⵓⵏ ⵜⵛⵓⵔⵜⵛⵉⵍ]] ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵍⵉⵏ ⵕⵓⵥⴼⵉⵍⵜ]]; ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ [[ⵉⵎⵥⵟⵟⵉⴹⵏ]] ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⵓⵕⵓⴱⵜ]].

ⴷ ⴷⴳ 1947, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵔⵣⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⵖⵔ ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⵍⴷ ⵉ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, ⵏⵏⵉ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵕⴰⴳⵎⴰⵜⵉⵜ ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ — ⵉⴼⵔⴽⵏ (ⵙ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵕⵓⵣⴼⵉⵍⵜ) ⵙ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ|ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ]]. ⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵔ ⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ. ⴳ 1952, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⵜⵜⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⵎⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ.

ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵖⵔ ⴽⵓⵔⵙⵉⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵣⵓⵏⵣⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵖⵔ ⵎⴰⴹⴰⴳⴰⵚⴽⴰⵕ, ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⴷ ⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴳ 23 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1955.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴷⴳ 1956, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵎⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ — ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ — ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⴳ 9 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1957.

== ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ==

=== ⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ===
ⴳ 3 [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1961, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ.

=== ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ===
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Hassan II, Marrakech, 1966.jpg|thumb|left|210x210px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ([[ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ]], [[1966]])]]

ⵖⵉⴽⴽ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵢⵓⵍⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ, ⵉⵖⵜⵙ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴱⴷⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴽⵕⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵜⵃⵎⵍ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ (ⴼⵕⴰⵏⴽⵓⴼⵉⵍⵉ) ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵏⵏⵉ ⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⵔ ⵉ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]]&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ, ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳⵜ, ⵙ ⵜⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ &quot;ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵜⴰ ⴳⵓⵕⵓⵏⵢⵓ&quot;, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ, ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⵉⴷⵙ ⵙⴳ 1956&lt;ref&gt;Yabiladi.com, « Paquita Gorroño, la &quot;passionnée de Rabat&quot; n’est plus [archive] », sur yabiladi.com, 23 août 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1962, ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵥⵏ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵍⵖⴰ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵏ; ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵎ &quot;ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵎⵏⵏ&quot; ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰ&quot;ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵥⴰⵕⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⵏⵏⴰⵕⵏ&quot;.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⵜⴹⵕ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵢⵢⵓⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵥⵍⵎⴰⴹⵜ, ⵜⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵜ — ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵡⴰⴹ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ ⴳ 1965 — ⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵥⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ. ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⵕⵚ]] 1965, ⵉⵏⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ|ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ]] ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]] ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵖⵏⵙⴰ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴷ [[ⵢⵓⵙⴼ ⴱⵍⵄⴱⴱⴰⵙ]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴷⵍⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵏⵏⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⴳ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ 16 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴷⵔⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref name=&quot;jeuneafrique2005&quot;&gt;{{Lien web |auteur=Omar Brouksy |titre=Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? |url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/86510/archives-thematique/que-s-est-il-vraiment-pass-le-23-mars-1965/ |site=jeuneafrique.com |date=21 mars 2005 |consulté le=6 septembre 2026}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⴰⴳⵏⵜ ⵜⵖⵏⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴽⵕⴹⵉ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ; ⵙ ⵉⵙⵔⴳ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ, ⴷ ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Omar Brouksy, « Que s’est-il vraiment passé le 23 mars 1965 ? [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 21 mars 2005 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴳ 29 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵓⴽⵔⵏ ⵍⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵔⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⴽ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵏ ⵊⵉⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ (ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵍⵉⴱ Lipp),  ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⵔⴰ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥⵏ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹ ⵖⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ&lt;ref&gt;Saïd Bouamama, Figures de la révolution africaine, La Découverte, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⴰⵙⵎⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ: ⵙ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵟⵕⴼⴰⵢⴰ (1958) ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⵉⴼⵏⵉ (1969)&lt;ref&gt;École de politique appliquée de l'Université de Sherbrooke, « Fin du conflit d'Ifni entre le Maroc et l'Espagne [archive] », sur perspective.usherbrooke.ca.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵛⴽ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ.

ⴳ 10 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1971, ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴽⵛⵎⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 1200 ⵏ ⵓⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙ&lt;ref&gt;« Coup d’Etat : Skhirat, L’histoire du putsch revue et corrigée », sur actuel.ma, Actuel no 115, 4 novembre 2011 (version du 4 février 2012 sur archive.org).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵜⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵚⵚⵅⵉⵕⴰⵜ, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵉⴹⵉ (ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵎⵙⵇⴰⴷ ⴰⴱⵉⵍⵊⵉⴽⵉ ⵛⴰⵕⵍ ⴳⵉⵜⴰ &quot;Charles Guetta&quot;, ⴷ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍⵏ, ⴷ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ), ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴽⵛⵜⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵓⵍⵢⵓⵜⵏⴰⵏ-ⴽⵓⵍⵓⵏⵉⵍ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⴱⵓ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⵍⵎⴷⴱⵓⵃ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴼⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔⵏ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Dix officiers, dont quatre généraux ont été fusillés au Maroc », Le Monde.fr,‎ 14 juillet 1971 (lire en ligne [archive], consulté le 10 mars 2023).&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⵖⵔ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵟⵟⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Mohammed V 1950.jpg|thumb|left|200x200px|ⴰⵎⴽⴽⴰⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ]] ⴷⴳ [[1950]].]]ⴷ ⴳ 16 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1972, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵓⵊⵉⵏⵉⵕⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ]] ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⴳⵉ ⴰⴳⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵖⵔ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵜ, ⵉⵏⵖⴰ ⵓⴼⵇⵉⵔ ⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵜⴳⵉⴼ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ (ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵓⴼⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵡⵜ). ⴷ ⴳ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⴼⵓⴽⴽⴰ ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏⵜ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵎⵥ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴼⵓⴼⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ|ⵜⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ]] ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]]&lt;ref&gt;Jeanne Fouet-Fauvernier, Écritures de la survie en milieu carcéral. Autobiographies de prisonniers marocains des « années de plomb », L’Harmattan, Paris, 2019, 304 p.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Arezki Metref, « Hassan II et son jardin secret », Le Monde diplomatique,‎ mai 2020, p. 25.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵖⵎⵙ &quot;ⵓⵔⵢⴰⵏ 21&quot; (Orient XXI)&lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⵀⴰⵜ ⴰⵍⵉⴽⵙⴰⵏⴷⵕ ⴷⵉ ⵎⴰⵕⴰⵏⵛ, ⴰⵏⵎⵀⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵎ ⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵙⵙⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵓⵎⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡⵜ&quot; ⴳ 1975 (ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ) ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⴼⴽⴰ ⵜⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵣⵎⵣ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵜⵜⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ&lt;ref&gt;François Musseau, « Sahara-Occidental : «Seule la violence fera parler» [archive] », sur Libération&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jean Ziegler, « Hassan II, l'Europe et le Sahara », Le Nouvel Afrique-Asie,‎ 1996, p. 28 (lire en ligne [archive])&lt;/ref&gt;.
== ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵜ ==
ⴳ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢ ⵜⵉⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎⴰⵙⵉⵏ, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵥ ⵏⵏ ⵉ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵎⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ. ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙ ⵉⵏⵜⵍⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉⵜⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏ. ⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ &quot;ⵢⵉⴷⵉⵄⵓⵜ ⴰⵃⵕⵓⵏⵓⵜ&quot; ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵢⵎⵣ ⵓⴼ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ&quot;, ⵀⴰⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴰⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵓⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵖⵉⵢⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵓⵙⴰⴷ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵉⵜⵜⴳⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵎⵎⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵉⵏ; ⴷ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵣⵎⵎⵉⵎⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵜⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵉ [[ⵉⵙⵔⴰⵢⵉⵍ|ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ]] ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ&lt;ref&gt;« Guerre des Six-Jours : Nouvelles révélations sur le rôle de Hassan II dans la victoire d’Israël [archive] », sur Le Desk, 16 octobre 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵣⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1973 ⵖⵔ ⵍⵊⵓⵍⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵎⵎⴰⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1973 &lt;ref&gt; « Guerre des Six-Jours : Nouvelles révélations sur le rôle de Hassan II dans la victoire d’Israël [archive] », sur Le Desk, 16 octobre 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⴳ 12 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1984, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⵉⵇⵉⵜ, ⵉⵙⵙⵉⴱⴷⴷ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵜⴰⴳⵎⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⵍⵜ &lt;ref&gt;Jean-Karim Fall, FRANCE 24, « Le Maroc réintègre l'Union africaine [archive] », sur france24.com, 30 janvier 2017 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;, &lt;ref&gt;« Le jour où le Maroc a quitté l’Organisation de l’unité africaine [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 30 novembre 2008 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;.

«ⵀⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵡⴹ ⴷ, ⴷ ⵙⵙⵓⵔⴼⴰⵜ ⵉⵢⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ, ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵟⵟⵓ. ⴷ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵙⵏⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⴰⵡⵏ ⵏⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵀⴰ ⴽⵏ ⵏⵏ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴰⵡⵏ ⵏⵙⵙⴰⵔⴰⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵔⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵏⵏⵓⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ.»

— ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Le jour où le Maroc a quitté l’Organisation de l’unité africaine [archive] », sur jeuneafrique.com, 30 novembre 2008 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵎⴽⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴽⵉⵏⴰ ⴼⴰⵙⵓ ⵟⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵙⴰⵏⴽⴰⵕⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵙⵇⵔⵔ ⵙ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ &lt;ref&gt;Amzat Boukari-Yabara, Une histoire du panafricanisme, La Découverte, 2017, p. 300.&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⴷ ⵉⵃⴹⴰ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵣⴷⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴳⵔⵔⵣⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ &lt;ref&gt;« Rétro-Verso : Quand la Garde Royale marocaine défilait sur les Champs-Élysées… », L'Opinion, 24 juillet 2024 [archive]&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵙⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵥⵕⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⵙ ⵎⴽⴰⴷ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1988, ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵀⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵉⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵥⵕⴼⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⵛⵛⵉⵍⵉⵏ, ⵉ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵉⵚⵉⵚ ⴱⵡⵉⴳ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴷ ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⴷⵓⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ &lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵜⵅⵛⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴼⵓⵖ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ &quot;ⴰⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵖ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ&quot; ⵏ ⵊⵉⵍ ⴱⵉⵕⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1990, ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵍⵎ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵓⵜⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴽⵔⴼⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵖⵣⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵎⴰⵎⵎⴰⵔⵜ, ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴳ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵜⵏ ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵥⵍⵎⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙ ⵜⵎⵔⵏⵉⵡⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵥⵍⴰⴹ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵔⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Hassan II, &quot;pote&quot; et despote [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 22 juillet 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;.

== ⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵙⵉⵃⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ==
ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵢⵉⴷⵉⵔ ⴰⵙⴳⴷⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵉⵃⵉⵢⵏ, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⵔⴰⵏ; ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⵏⵙⵉⵏⵢⵓⵕ ⵏⵓⵕⴱⵉⵕ ⴽⴰⵍⵎⵉⵍⵣ (1908-1985), ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵡⴰⴳⴳⴰⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴰⵜⵉⴽⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵥⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴼⵉⵕⵓⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵎⴰⴳⴰⵔ ⴳⵔ ⵢⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵙⵉⵃⵜ. ⴷ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⴽⴰⵜⵓⵍⵉⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴻⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵙⴳⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⵍ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵉⵏ &lt;ref&gt;Keme Brama, « Islam et christianisme [archive] », sur Abidjan.net, 26 août 2009 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;, &lt;ref&gt;« La tolérance au Maroc : une obligation identitaire [archive] », sur Aujourd'hui le Maroc, 20 décembre 2001 (consulté le 20 juin 2024)&lt;/ref&gt;.

ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⴼⴰⵡⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵓⴱⴰⴱⴰ ⵢⵓⵃⴰⵏⵏⴰ ⴱⵓⵍⵓⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵉⵔⵣⴼ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ; ⵓⵎⵉ ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⵓⴱⴰⴱⴰ ⴳ 19 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1985 ⴳ ⵡⵓⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵏⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 80 ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ, ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉⴷ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵏⵇⵇⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵍⵎⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵉⵃⵉⵢⵏ ⴰⵎ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴼⵍⵙⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴼⴳⴰⵏⵉⵜ, ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵔ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵣⵔⴰⵢⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵎⴰⵣ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵣⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵢⴰⵔⵎⴰⵙ.
ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴽⵟⵟⵓⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵥⴰⵕⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵚⵚⵓⵕⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴱⵖⴰⵢⵏⵓⵣⵜ/ⵍⵄⴰⵏⴽⴰⴱⵓⵜ (ⵜⴰⴽⵟⵟⵓⵎⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ 46) ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵔⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵡⵍ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵍⵙⵜ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ &lt;ref&gt;Keme Brama, « Islam et christianisme [archive] », sur Abidjan.net, 26 août 2009 (consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;.
ⵉⵎⴰ ⴳ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⵓⴷⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ, ⵀⴰⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ. ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1948 ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵊⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵊⵕⴰⴷⴰ, ⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 60 ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵢ ⵙⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ 1955 ⴷ 1956. ⴷ ⵜⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵜⵣⵡⴰⴳⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ 1961 ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵊⵊⴰⵏ  ⵓⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵣⵓⴳⵏ, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵡⵓⴼⵓⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 80 ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⵔⴽⵎⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵥⵍⴹⵏ &lt;ref&gt;Nora Togni, « Pourquoi les juifs du Maghreb sont-ils partis ? [archive] », sur Orient XXI, 29 juin 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;.
ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ 1973, ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵣⵡⵉ ⵉⵎⵎⵔⴰⵏ, ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 40 ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴷⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ. ⴷ ⵉⵡⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⵢⵢⵓⵖⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵢⴰⴹⴼⴰⵕⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵓⵙⵙⵉⴷⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵡⴹ ⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵖⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ (ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 3000 ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴰⵏ) ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ &lt;ref&gt;« Bibliographie sélective des travaux de Jacques Taïeb », dans Juifs au Maghreb, Editions de l'Éclat, 2013 (ISBN 978-2-84162-342-6, lire en ligne [archive]), p. 243.&lt;/ref&gt;.
== ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ==
ⴽⴽⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵜⵜⵣⵓⵣⵣⵔⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵇⴰⵃ ⵜⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵓⴽⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵃⵓⵏⴰ &lt;ref&gt;Pascal Bonnard, « La figure du roi dans l’espace public, enjeu politique et reflet d’une société | Blog AlterEurope [archive] », sur AlterEurope, 8 juin 2017 (DOI 10.58079/az5g, consulté le 6 septembre 2026).&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵢⵢⵓⵖⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ (ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ) ⴷ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵏⵙⵍⵎ, ⵉⵙⵙⴼⴰⵍ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉⴳⵣⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵏⵓⵕⵥⵎ; ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵙⵙⵉⴷⵔⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵏⵉⴼⵉⵍⵏ ⵉⴷⵙⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ 1992 ⴷ 1996 ⵙⴳ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⴱⴹⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵍⴰⵍⵜ, ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵙⵎⴳⵍ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴳ ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ 1998 ⴰⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⴰⵙⵔⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ  ⵄⴱⴷⵕⵕⵃⵎⴰⵏ ⵍⵢⵓⵙⴼⵉ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ.
ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⵏⵜⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵎⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵥ ⵉ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ:
* ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴳⴳⵓⴳⵏ: ⴰⵙⵖⵉⵡⵙ ⵉ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴳⴳⵓⴳⵏ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴽⵔⵣⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴳⵓⵔⵉ &lt;ref&gt;« Maroc, la mobilisation des eaux de surface par les barrages » [PDF], Terre et Vie, no 61-62, Octobre-novembre 2002 (version du 7 mars 2012 sur archive.org).&lt;/ref&gt;. ⴷ ⵎⴰ ⵙ ⵉⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉ ⵓⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⵙⵉⵙ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⴽⵓ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴳⴳⵓⴳⵏ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵣⵎⵎⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵟⵟⵓ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵓⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵕⵡⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵡⵓⵔⴰⵢⵏ ⴽⴰⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴳⴳⵓⴳⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜⵏ ⴳ ⴽⵓ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ &lt;ref&gt;El Ghomari Khalid, « Bilan de la politique de l'eau au Maroc [archive] » [PDF], sur barrages-cfbr.eu.&lt;/ref&gt;, ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⵓⴳⴳⵓⴳ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵎⵓⴹ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ.
* ⵜⵉⵙⵙⵓⵍⴳⴰ: ⵙⴳ ⵜⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ  ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ, ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴼⴰⵍ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵉⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵙⵙⵓⵍⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵛⵛⵉⵡⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴷⵎⵙⴰⵏ [[ⴰⵏⴷⵔⵉ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ|ⴰⵏⴷⵕⵉ ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ]], ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵊⵊⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵏⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵙⵓ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵎⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⴰⵔⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵢⴰⴼⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ &lt;ref&gt;« Maroc. Le roi, son or et le groupe Managem [archive] », sur orientxxi.info, 30 mai 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;.
ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵙⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵍ ⴳ 23 [[ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ]] 1999 ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ 70 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ

[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:King Hassan II with Mohammed VI.jpg|thumb|172x172px|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]]]
== ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ==

* [[ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵎⵔⵢⵎ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵎⵔⵢⵎ]]
* [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ|ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ]]
* [[ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⵙⵎⴰ|ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⵙⵎⴰ]]
* [[ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵃⴰⵙⵏⴰ|ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵃⴰⵙⵏⴰ]]
* [[ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ|ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ]]

== ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵏⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ==

* Gilles Perrault, ''Notre ami le roi'', Paris, Éditions Gallimard, coll. « Au vif du sujet », 1990, 367 p. (ISBN 2-07-071981-2).
* Éric Laurent, ''La Mémoire d'un roi : Entretiens avec Eric Laurent'', Paris, Plon, 1993, 304 p. (ISBN 2-259-02596-X).
* Michel Abitbol, ''Histoire du Maroc'', chapitre « Hassan II, “monarque constitutionnel de droit divin” », pp. 566-599.
* Souleiman Bencheikh, « Dans l'intimité des trois rois : Mohammed V, Hassan II, Mohammed VI », périodique ''TelQuel'', nᵒ 353, du 27 décembre 2008 au 9 janvier 2009. [http://www.telquel-online.com/353/couverture_353.shtml Texte de l'article].
* Jean-Pierre Tuquoi, ''Le Dernier Roi : Crépuscule d'une dynastie'', Paris, Éditions Grasset, 2001, 316 p. (ISBN 2-246-60861-9).
* Maurice Buttin, ''Hassan II - De Gaulle - Ben Barka : Ce que je sais d'eux'', Paris, Éditions Karthala, collection « Hommes et sociétés », 2010 (réimpression 2015), 540 p. (ISBN 978-2-8111-1499-2).
* Abdallah Laroui, ''Le Maroc et Hassan II : Un témoignage'', Cap-Rouge (Québec)/Casablanca, Les Presses inter universitaires / Centre culturel arabe, 2010, 248 p. (ISBN 978-2-89441-084-4).
* Pierre Vermeren, ''Histoire du Maroc depuis l'indépendance'', Paris, La Découverte, coll. « Repères/Histoire », 2010, passages : « La monarchie de Hassan II à l'épreuve (1961-1975) » et « Le Maroc de Hassan II du consensus à l'alternance (1975-1999) », pp. 33-100 (ISBN 978-2-7071-6499-5).
* Ignace Dalle, ''Hassan II : entre tradition et absolutisme'', Paris, Fayard, 2011, 689 p. (ISBN 978-2-213-63783-9).
* Marie Pierre, « Médias : Hassan II, Tazmamart et la télé française », ''Zamane'', Casablanca, nᵒ 13, novembre 2011, pp. 92-95 [http://zamane.ma/fr/hassan-ii-tazmamart-et-la-tele-francaise/ lire en ligne].

==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⴰⵡⵊⴰ ⵜⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉⵜ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
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  <page>
    <title>ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵄⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵃⵓⵥⴰⵕ</title>
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      <text bytes="6460" sha1="i4oom66gw1azdoylqbbe6tafasr9tnc" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ
| ⴰⵣⵡⵍ =ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵄⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵃⵓⵥⴰⵕ
| ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ = 
| ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ = 
| ⵜⵉⴷⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ = 
| ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴷⵉⵙ = 
| ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴷⵉⵙ =
&lt;!-- ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ --&gt; 
| ⴰⵣⵡⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⵍⴰⵏ = ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵄⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵃⵓⵥⴰⵕ
| ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ = 
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ = 1968
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ = 
| ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ = ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ - ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ = 
| ⴰⵎⵥⵕⴰⴳ = 
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ = 
| ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏ = 
| ⵜⵉⴼⵉⴼⵖⵜ = 
&lt;!-- ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ --&gt; 
| ⵉⵎⵔⵙⵉ = 
| ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ = ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ
| ⴰⵎⵣⴰⵣ = 
| ⵜⵙⵡⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ = 
| ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵙⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵙⴳ = 
| ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ ⵉ = 
| ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ = 
&lt;!-- ⵜⴰⵏⴽⴷⴰ --&gt; 
| ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⴳⴳⵣ = 
| ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵯⵣⵎⴰⵏ = 
| ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ = 
| ⴰⵙⵖⴰⵍ = 
| ⴰⵙⵜⴰⵍ = 
&lt;!-- ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ --&gt; 
| ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ = 
| ⴰⵎⵙⵡⵍⴼ = 
| ⴰⵎⵙⴰⴳⴳⵯ = 
| ⴰⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵖⴰⵎⵓⵙ = 
| ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⵏⵖ = 
| ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ ⵢⴰⵍⵍⴼⵓⵙⵏ = 
| ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵡⵓⵔⵜ = 
| ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴳⴰⵍⵜ = 
&lt;!-- ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ --&gt; 
| ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⵖⵍ= 
| ⴰⵎⵥⵕⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ = 
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ = 
| ISBN ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ = 
| ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ ⴳ ⴳⵓⴷⵔⵉⴷⵣ = 
&lt;!-- ⵉⵙⵖⵡⴰⵏ --&gt; 
| ISBN = 
| ISBN2 = 
| ⵓⴽⵍⵙ= &lt;!-- OCLC --&gt; 
| ⴳⵓⴷⵔⵉⴷⵣ = &lt;!-- Goodreads --&gt; 
| ⴷⵉⵡⵉ = &lt;!-- Dewey --&gt; 
| ⴰⴽⵓⵏⴳⵔⵉⵙ = &lt;!-- congress --&gt; 
| ⵡⵉⴽⵉⵙⴰⴳⵎ = 
| ⴰⵙⵉⵜ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ = 
&lt;!-- ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉ--&gt; 
| ⵉⴷⵍⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴰⵢ = 
| ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉ = 
| ⴰⵎⴹⴼⵓⵕ = 
| ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ = 
}}
'''ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵄⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵃⵓⵥⴰⵕ''' (ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ: عبد العزيز أحوزار) ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵖⵏⵏⵊ , ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵙⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴷ (ⵜⵉⵣⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ) ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ.

== ⵜⵉⴽⵍⵉ ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏⵜ == 
ⵉⵙⵏⵜⴰ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵄⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵃⵓⵥⴰⵕ ⵜⵉⴽⵍⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵣⵓⵕⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1992, ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵀⵉⵙⴱⵔⵉⵙ&quot; (Hespress) ⴳ ⵓⵖⴰⵎⵓⵙ  ⵏⵏⵙ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵏⵎⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴼⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ. ⵢⴰⵎⵓ ⵓⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵏⵎⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⵉⵣⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵓⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵜⵣⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵜ.

== ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ==
ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴰⴱⴷ ⵍⵄⴰⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵃⵓⵥⴰⵕ ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵜ, ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏⵉⵏ. ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖⵏⵜ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵜⵙⴽⴼⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵏⵙⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⴼⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵜⴷⴽⴽⵯⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⴼⵍⴷ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵏⵙⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ.
== ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵅⵉⵜⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ==
ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ ⴷ  ⵓⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⴰⴱⴷ ⵍⵄⴰⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵃⵓⵥⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ, ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵎⵥⵥⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ, ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ&quot;. ⵜⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⴼⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵜⵉⵔⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵙⴼⵍⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵇⵏⴰⴹⵜ (ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴰⵎⴰⵏ), ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴷⴷⵓ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ.
== ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⴰⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏ ==
ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵓⵎⵎⴰⴽ ⵏ  ⵓⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⴰⴱⴷ ⵍⵄⴰⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵃⵓⵥⴰⵕ ⴳⵔ ⵜⵣⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵢⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵣⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵜⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⴰ. 
ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵎⵙⵙⵓⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵙⵏ  ⵉⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ, ⵉⴼⴽ ⵜⵉⵣⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ , ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵣⴷⴰⵢⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ.
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
*'''ⴰⵙⴳⵣⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ [[ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]](ⵙ.ⴳ.ⵙ.ⵎ) :''' [[ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⴰⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]] (ⵎ.ⵎ.ⵙ.ⵎ)
# [https://play.anghami.com/artist/944203 صفحة عبد العزيز أحوزار على أنغامي]
# https://www.izlanzik.org/c/35/abdelaziz-ahouzar-official قناة عبد العزيز أحوزار على منصة IzlanZik]
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-28T05:43:55Z</timestamp>
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        <id>38</id>
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      <text bytes="6523" sha1="3eg1jqjxv5wdzopl1ud8ra6dzsz50f4" xml:space="preserve">{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴳⵓⵔⵜ}}{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ
| ⴰⵣⵡⵍ =ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵄⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵃⵓⵥⴰⵕ
| ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ = 
| ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ = 
| ⵜⵉⴷⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ = 
| ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴷⵉⵙ = 
| ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴷⵉⵙ =
&lt;!-- ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ --&gt; 
| ⴰⵣⵡⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⵍⴰⵏ = ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵄⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵃⵓⵥⴰⵕ
| ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ = 
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ = 1968
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ = 
| ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ = ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ - ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ = 
| ⴰⵎⵥⵕⴰⴳ = 
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ = 
| ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏ = 
| ⵜⵉⴼⵉⴼⵖⵜ = 
&lt;!-- ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ --&gt; 
| ⵉⵎⵔⵙⵉ = 
| ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ = ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ
| ⴰⵎⵣⴰⵣ = 
| ⵜⵙⵡⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ = 
| ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵙⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵙⴳ = 
| ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ ⵉ = 
| ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ = 
&lt;!-- ⵜⴰⵏⴽⴷⴰ --&gt; 
| ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⴳⴳⵣ = 
| ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵯⵣⵎⴰⵏ = 
| ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ = 
| ⴰⵙⵖⴰⵍ = 
| ⴰⵙⵜⴰⵍ = 
&lt;!-- ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ --&gt; 
| ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ = 
| ⴰⵎⵙⵡⵍⴼ = 
| ⴰⵎⵙⴰⴳⴳⵯ = 
| ⴰⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵖⴰⵎⵓⵙ = 
| ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⵏⵖ = 
| ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ ⵢⴰⵍⵍⴼⵓⵙⵏ = 
| ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵡⵓⵔⵜ = 
| ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴳⴰⵍⵜ = 
&lt;!-- ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ --&gt; 
| ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⵖⵍ= 
| ⴰⵎⵥⵕⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ = 
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ = 
| ISBN ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ = 
| ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ ⴳ ⴳⵓⴷⵔⵉⴷⵣ = 
&lt;!-- ⵉⵙⵖⵡⴰⵏ --&gt; 
| ISBN = 
| ISBN2 = 
| ⵓⴽⵍⵙ= &lt;!-- OCLC --&gt; 
| ⴳⵓⴷⵔⵉⴷⵣ = &lt;!-- Goodreads --&gt; 
| ⴷⵉⵡⵉ = &lt;!-- Dewey --&gt; 
| ⴰⴽⵓⵏⴳⵔⵉⵙ = &lt;!-- congress --&gt; 
| ⵡⵉⴽⵉⵙⴰⴳⵎ = 
| ⴰⵙⵉⵜ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ = 
&lt;!-- ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉ--&gt; 
| ⵉⴷⵍⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴰⵢ = 
| ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉ = 
| ⴰⵎⴹⴼⵓⵕ = 
| ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ = 
}}
'''ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵄⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵃⵓⵥⴰⵕ''' (ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ: عبد العزيز أحوزار) ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵖⵏⵏⵊ , ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵙⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴷ (ⵜⵉⵣⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ) ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ.

== ⵜⵉⴽⵍⵉ ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏⵜ == 
ⵉⵙⵏⵜⴰ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵄⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵃⵓⵥⴰⵕ ⵜⵉⴽⵍⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵣⵓⵕⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1992, ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ &quot;ⵀⵉⵙⴱⵔⵉⵙ&quot; (Hespress) ⴳ ⵓⵖⴰⵎⵓⵙ  ⵏⵏⵙ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵏⵎⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴼⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ. ⵢⴰⵎⵓ ⵓⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵏⵎⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⵉⵣⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵓⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵜⵣⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵜ.

== ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ==
ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴰⴱⴷ ⵍⵄⴰⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵃⵓⵥⴰⵕ ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵜ, ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏⵉⵏ. ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖⵏⵜ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵜⵙⴽⴼⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵏⵙⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⴼⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵜⴷⴽⴽⵯⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⴼⵍⴷ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵏⵙⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ.
== ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵅⵉⵜⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ==
ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ ⴷ  ⵓⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⴰⴱⴷ ⵍⵄⴰⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵃⵓⵥⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ, ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵎⵥⵥⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ, ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ&quot;. ⵜⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⴼⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵜⵉⵔⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵙⴼⵍⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵇⵏⴰⴹⵜ (ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴰⵎⴰⵏ), ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴷⴷⵓ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ.
== ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⴰⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏ ==
ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵓⵎⵎⴰⴽ ⵏ  ⵓⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⴰⴱⴷ ⵍⵄⴰⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵃⵓⵥⴰⵕ ⴳⵔ ⵜⵣⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵢⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵣⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵜⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⴰ. 
ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵎⵙⵙⵓⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵙⵏ  ⵉⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ, ⵉⴼⴽ ⵜⵉⵣⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ , ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵣⴷⴰⵢⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ.
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
*'''ⴰⵙⴳⵣⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ [[ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]](ⵙ.ⴳ.ⵙ.ⵎ) :''' [[ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⴰⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]] (ⵎ.ⵎ.ⵙ.ⵎ)
# [https://play.anghami.com/artist/944203 صفحة عبد العزيز أحوزار على أنغامي]
# https://www.izlanzik.org/c/35/abdelaziz-ahouzar-official قناة عبد العزيز أحوزار على منصة IzlanZik]
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} 
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}</text>
      <sha1>3eg1jqjxv5wdzopl1ud8ra6dzsz50f4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>55016</id>
    <revision>
      <id>197889</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-27T13:39:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aɣaras iḍlan</username>
        <id>211</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ */</comment>
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      <text bytes="23925" sha1="cohvkn2uh0c83m0xqxxxfkjck1bcgqa" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ, ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ, ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵉⴷⴷⵓ (ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⴱⵉⴷⴷⵓ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ, ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ, ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ. [24] ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
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      <text bytes="23947" sha1="owhw6e7kcnslzolpe4tuhpu35up3p2c" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ, ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ, ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵉⴷⴷⵓ (ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⴱⵉⴷⴷⵓ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ, ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ, ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="23950" sha1="25465of08cfnoqvpthkpok27jlk7uux" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ, ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ, ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵉⴷⴷⵓ (ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⴱⵉⴷⴷⵓ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ, ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ, ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

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      <text bytes="26086" sha1="p9tfq5vkfe2l1tfocjf90lmvhex7ucm" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ, ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ, ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵉⴷⴷⵓ (ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⴱⵉⴷⴷⵓ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ, ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ, ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⴱⴰⵢⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵙⴼⵉⵡ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵙ &quot;ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵓⴳⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Goodavage&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Goodavage |first=Maria |title=Hunt for Bigfoot Attracts True Believers |newspaper=USA Today |date=May 24, 1996 |url=http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314183111/http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot;, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵣⵔⵓⴳ (ⴰⴼⵓⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ) ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mil07&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Meldrum |first=Jeff |title=Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science |publisher=Macmillan |year=2007 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50 |access-date=February 19, 2010 |isbn=978-0-7653-1217-4 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154000/https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50#v=snippet&amp;q=salish%20sasquatch&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
      <sha1>p9tfq5vkfe2l1tfocjf90lmvhex7ucm</sha1>
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    <revision>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Aɣaras iḍlan</username>
        <id>211</id>
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      <comment>/* ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ */</comment>
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      <text bytes="26996" sha1="iv83uyof1439olfhznd2hyfbxus66bw" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ, ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ, ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵉⴷⴷⵓ (ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⴱⵉⴷⴷⵓ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ, ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ, ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⴱⴰⵢⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵙⴼⵉⵡ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵙ &quot;ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵓⴳⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Goodavage&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Goodavage |first=Maria |title=Hunt for Bigfoot Attracts True Believers |newspaper=USA Today |date=May 24, 1996 |url=http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314183111/http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot;, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵣⵔⵓⴳ (ⴰⴼⵓⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ) ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴷⵓⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mil07&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Meldrum |first=Jeff |title=Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science |publisher=Macmillan |year=2007 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50 |access-date=February 19, 2010 |isbn=978-0-7653-1217-4 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154000/https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50#v=snippet&amp;q=salish%20sasquatch&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵯⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴹⵓⵥⵏⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴱⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵙⵍⴰⴷ ⵓⴷⵎ, ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ (ⴷ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴼⴰⴷⴷⵏ, ⵉⵖⵎⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ) ⵖⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Forth |first1=Gregory |title=Images of the Wildman Inside and Outside Europe |journal=Folklore |date=2007 |volume=118 |issue=3 |pages=261–281 |doi=10.1080/00155870701621772|s2cid=161789895 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
      <sha1>iv83uyof1439olfhznd2hyfbxus66bw</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>197895</id>
      <parentid>197893</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-27T19:16:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aɣaras iḍlan</username>
        <id>211</id>
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      <comment>/* ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ */</comment>
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      <text bytes="29044" sha1="ekdekt21dk56pv3s795fbubmg6iwpb7" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ, ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ, ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵉⴷⴷⵓ (ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⴱⵉⴷⴷⵓ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ, ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ, ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⴱⴰⵢⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵙⴼⵉⵡ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵙ &quot;ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵓⴳⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Goodavage&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Goodavage |first=Maria |title=Hunt for Bigfoot Attracts True Believers |newspaper=USA Today |date=May 24, 1996 |url=http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314183111/http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot;, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵣⵔⵓⴳ (ⴰⴼⵓⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ) ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴷⵓⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mil07&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Meldrum |first=Jeff |title=Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science |publisher=Macmillan |year=2007 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50 |access-date=February 19, 2010 |isbn=978-0-7653-1217-4 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154000/https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50#v=snippet&amp;q=salish%20sasquatch&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵯⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴹⵓⵥⵏⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴱⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵙⵍⴰⴷ ⵓⴷⵎ, ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ (ⴷ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴼⴰⴷⴷⵏ, ⵉⵖⵎⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ) ⵖⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Forth |first1=Gregory |title=Images of the Wildman Inside and Outside Europe |journal=Folklore |date=2007 |volume=118 |issue=3 |pages=261–281 |doi=10.1080/00155870701621772|s2cid=161789895 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵖ ⵓⴳⵯⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴷⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵟⵓⵍⵉ (Tule River Indian Reservation), ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵙⵉⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵢⵓⴽⵓⵜⵙ&quot; (Yokuts) ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵏ &quot;ⴰⵥⵕⵓ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ&quot; (Painted Rock), ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⴰⵡⵉⵜⵣ ⵙⵜⵔⴰⵢⵏ (Kathy Moskowitz Strain), ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2008 ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ &quot;ⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ, ⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⴱⴰⵍⵏ, ⵉⵖⵥⵏⴰⵏ: ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵖ ⵜⵡⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵚⵍⵉⵢⵜ&quot;, ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ&quot; (the Family).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Was Big Foot at the Reservation? |url=https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |website=recorderonline.com |publisher=[[Porterville Recorder]] |access-date=May 10, 2021 |date=November 14, 2013 |archive-date=May 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510205236/https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot; (ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴽ ⴷⴰⵜⴰⵜ), ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴹⴽⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ 1,000 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Moskowitz Strain |first1=Kathy |title=MAYAK DATAT: THE HAIRY MAN PICTOGRAPHS |url=https://www.isu.edu/media/libraries/rhi/research-papers/Mayak-Datat-Hairy-Man-Pictographs-1.pdf |website=isu.edu |publisher=THE RELICT HOMINOID INQUIRY |access-date=March 11, 2024 |date=2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
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      <text bytes="29427" sha1="qxzkqx8lxzpmc173miipwr87awzm5fc" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ]], ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⴰ|ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]], ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]] [[ⴰⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ|ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ]] ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ|ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ]], ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ|ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ]] ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ|ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ|ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ [[ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ]] ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ|ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ]] ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ|ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ]] ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴷ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ]] &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ [[ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ]] [[ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ|ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ]] ⵏ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ]], ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ]] ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵉⴷⴷⵓ (ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⴱⵉⴷⴷⵓ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ, ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ, ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⴱⴰⵢⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵙⴼⵉⵡ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵙ &quot;ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵓⴳⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Goodavage&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Goodavage |first=Maria |title=Hunt for Bigfoot Attracts True Believers |newspaper=USA Today |date=May 24, 1996 |url=http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314183111/http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot;, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵣⵔⵓⴳ (ⴰⴼⵓⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ) ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴷⵓⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mil07&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Meldrum |first=Jeff |title=Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science |publisher=Macmillan |year=2007 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50 |access-date=February 19, 2010 |isbn=978-0-7653-1217-4 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154000/https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50#v=snippet&amp;q=salish%20sasquatch&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵯⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴹⵓⵥⵏⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴱⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵙⵍⴰⴷ ⵓⴷⵎ, ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ (ⴷ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴼⴰⴷⴷⵏ, ⵉⵖⵎⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ) ⵖⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Forth |first1=Gregory |title=Images of the Wildman Inside and Outside Europe |journal=Folklore |date=2007 |volume=118 |issue=3 |pages=261–281 |doi=10.1080/00155870701621772|s2cid=161789895 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵖ ⵓⴳⵯⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴷⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵟⵓⵍⵉ (Tule River Indian Reservation), ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵙⵉⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵢⵓⴽⵓⵜⵙ&quot; (Yokuts) ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵏ &quot;ⴰⵥⵕⵓ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ&quot; (Painted Rock), ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⴰⵡⵉⵜⵣ ⵙⵜⵔⴰⵢⵏ (Kathy Moskowitz Strain), ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2008 ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ &quot;ⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ, ⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⴱⴰⵍⵏ, ⵉⵖⵥⵏⴰⵏ: ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵖ ⵜⵡⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵚⵍⵉⵢⵜ&quot;, ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ&quot; (the Family).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Was Big Foot at the Reservation? |url=https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |website=recorderonline.com |publisher=[[Porterville Recorder]] |access-date=May 10, 2021 |date=November 14, 2013 |archive-date=May 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510205236/https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot; (ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴽ ⴷⴰⵜⴰⵜ), ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴹⴽⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ 1,000 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Moskowitz Strain |first1=Kathy |title=MAYAK DATAT: THE HAIRY MAN PICTOGRAPHS |url=https://www.isu.edu/media/libraries/rhi/research-papers/Mayak-Datat-Hairy-Man-Pictographs-1.pdf |website=isu.edu |publisher=THE RELICT HOMINOID INQUIRY |access-date=March 11, 2024 |date=2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
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      <text bytes="29721" sha1="aqe1vhysi7al5jnq0gsyf9u4mpgdaqe" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ]], ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⴰ|ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]], ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]] [[ⴰⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ|ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ]] ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ|ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ]], ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ|ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ]] ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ|ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ|ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ [[ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ]] ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ|ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ]] ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ|ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ]] ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴷ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ]] &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ [[ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ]] [[ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ|ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ]] ⵏ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ]], ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ]] ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ '''ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ [[ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ|ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ]] (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ [[ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ|ⵜⵖⵣⵉ]] ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ [[ⵉⴷⴷⵓ|ⵉⴷⴷⴰ]] (ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ [[ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ]] (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ|ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ]] ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ [[ⴰⵍⵍⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵖ|ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ]] ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ|ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ]] ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ (ⵜⵉⵡⵡⴰⴽ), ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ [[ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳ|ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ]], ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ''', ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ '''ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ [[ⵜⵉⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ|ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔ|ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⴱⴰⵢⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵙⴼⵉⵡ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵙ &quot;ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵓⴳⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Goodavage&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Goodavage |first=Maria |title=Hunt for Bigfoot Attracts True Believers |newspaper=USA Today |date=May 24, 1996 |url=http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314183111/http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot;, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵣⵔⵓⴳ (ⴰⴼⵓⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ) ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴷⵓⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mil07&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Meldrum |first=Jeff |title=Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science |publisher=Macmillan |year=2007 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50 |access-date=February 19, 2010 |isbn=978-0-7653-1217-4 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154000/https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50#v=snippet&amp;q=salish%20sasquatch&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵯⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴹⵓⵥⵏⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴱⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵙⵍⴰⴷ ⵓⴷⵎ, ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ (ⴷ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴼⴰⴷⴷⵏ, ⵉⵖⵎⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ) ⵖⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Forth |first1=Gregory |title=Images of the Wildman Inside and Outside Europe |journal=Folklore |date=2007 |volume=118 |issue=3 |pages=261–281 |doi=10.1080/00155870701621772|s2cid=161789895 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵖ ⵓⴳⵯⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴷⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵟⵓⵍⵉ (Tule River Indian Reservation), ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵙⵉⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵢⵓⴽⵓⵜⵙ&quot; (Yokuts) ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵏ &quot;ⴰⵥⵕⵓ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ&quot; (Painted Rock), ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⴰⵡⵉⵜⵣ ⵙⵜⵔⴰⵢⵏ (Kathy Moskowitz Strain), ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2008 ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ &quot;ⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ, ⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⴱⴰⵍⵏ, ⵉⵖⵥⵏⴰⵏ: ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵖ ⵜⵡⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵚⵍⵉⵢⵜ&quot;, ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ&quot; (the Family).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Was Big Foot at the Reservation? |url=https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |website=recorderonline.com |publisher=[[Porterville Recorder]] |access-date=May 10, 2021 |date=November 14, 2013 |archive-date=May 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510205236/https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot; (ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴽ ⴷⴰⵜⴰⵜ), ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴹⴽⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ 1,000 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Moskowitz Strain |first1=Kathy |title=MAYAK DATAT: THE HAIRY MAN PICTOGRAPHS |url=https://www.isu.edu/media/libraries/rhi/research-papers/Mayak-Datat-Hairy-Man-Pictographs-1.pdf |website=isu.edu |publisher=THE RELICT HOMINOID INQUIRY |access-date=March 11, 2024 |date=2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
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      <text bytes="29940" sha1="aucury39t9k4bvi0467h4gwb72i5twd" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ]], ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⴰ|ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]], ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]] [[ⴰⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ|ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ]] ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ|ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ]], ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ|ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ]] ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ|ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ|ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ [[ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ]] ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ|ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ]] ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ|ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ]] ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴷ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ]] &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ [[ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ]] [[ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ|ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ]] ⵏ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ]], ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ]] ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ '''ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ [[ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ|ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ]] (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ [[ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ|ⵜⵖⵣⵉ]] ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ [[ⵉⴷⴷⵓ|ⵉⴷⴷⴰ]] (ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ [[ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ]] (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ|ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ]] ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ [[ⴰⵍⵍⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵖ|ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ]] ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ|ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ]] ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ (ⵜⵉⵡⵡⴰⴽ), ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ [[ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳ|ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ]], ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ''', ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ '''ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ [[ⵜⵉⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ|ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔ|ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⴱⴰⵢⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵙⴼⵉⵡ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵙ &quot;ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵓⴳⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Goodavage&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Goodavage |first=Maria |title=Hunt for Bigfoot Attracts True Believers |newspaper=USA Today |date=May 24, 1996 |url=http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314183111/http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot;, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵣⵔⵓⴳ (ⴰⴼⵓⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ) ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴷⵓⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mil07&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Meldrum |first=Jeff |title=Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science |publisher=Macmillan |year=2007 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50 |access-date=February 19, 2010 |isbn=978-0-7653-1217-4 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154000/https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50#v=snippet&amp;q=salish%20sasquatch&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵯⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴹⵓⵥⵏⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴱⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵙⵍⴰⴷ ⵓⴷⵎ, ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ (ⴷ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴼⴰⴷⴷⵏ, ⵉⵖⵎⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ) ⵖⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Forth |first1=Gregory |title=Images of the Wildman Inside and Outside Europe |journal=Folklore |date=2007 |volume=118 |issue=3 |pages=261–281 |doi=10.1080/00155870701621772|s2cid=161789895 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg|thumb|left|ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵔⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⴰ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ (Tulare County, ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵕⵏⵢⴰ). ]]

ⵖ ⵓⴳⵯⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴷⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵟⵓⵍⵉ (Tule River Indian Reservation), ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵙⵉⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵢⵓⴽⵓⵜⵙ&quot; (Yokuts) ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵏ &quot;ⴰⵥⵕⵓ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ&quot; (Painted Rock), ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⴰⵡⵉⵜⵣ ⵙⵜⵔⴰⵢⵏ (Kathy Moskowitz Strain), ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2008 ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ &quot;ⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ, ⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⴱⴰⵍⵏ, ⵉⵖⵥⵏⴰⵏ: ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵖ ⵜⵡⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵚⵍⵉⵢⵜ&quot;, ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ&quot; (the Family).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Was Big Foot at the Reservation? |url=https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |website=recorderonline.com |publisher=[[Porterville Recorder]] |access-date=May 10, 2021 |date=November 14, 2013 |archive-date=May 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510205236/https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot; (ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴽ ⴷⴰⵜⴰⵜ), ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴹⴽⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ 1,000 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Moskowitz Strain |first1=Kathy |title=MAYAK DATAT: THE HAIRY MAN PICTOGRAPHS |url=https://www.isu.edu/media/libraries/rhi/research-papers/Mayak-Datat-Hairy-Man-Pictographs-1.pdf |website=isu.edu |publisher=THE RELICT HOMINOID INQUIRY |access-date=March 11, 2024 |date=2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
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        <username>Aɣaras iḍlan</username>
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      <text bytes="33080" sha1="dzlt3wvaxckslcjzqm1h9b1qnaks2x1" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ]], ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⴰ|ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]], ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]] [[ⴰⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ|ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ]] ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ|ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ]], ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ|ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ]] ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ|ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ|ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ [[ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ]] ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ|ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ]] ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ|ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ]] ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴷ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ]] &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ [[ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ]] [[ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ|ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ]] ⵏ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ]], ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ]] ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ '''ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ [[ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ|ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ]] (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ [[ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ|ⵜⵖⵣⵉ]] ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ [[ⵉⴷⴷⵓ|ⵉⴷⴷⴰ]] (ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ [[ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ]] (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ|ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ]] ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ [[ⴰⵍⵍⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵖ|ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ]] ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ|ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ]] ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ (ⵜⵉⵡⵡⴰⴽ), ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ [[ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳ|ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ]], ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ''', ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ '''ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ [[ⵜⵉⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ|ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔ|ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⴱⴰⵢⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵙⴼⵉⵡ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵙ &quot;ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵓⴳⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Goodavage&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Goodavage |first=Maria |title=Hunt for Bigfoot Attracts True Believers |newspaper=USA Today |date=May 24, 1996 |url=http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314183111/http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot;, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵣⵔⵓⴳ (ⴰⴼⵓⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ) ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴷⵓⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mil07&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Meldrum |first=Jeff |title=Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science |publisher=Macmillan |year=2007 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50 |access-date=February 19, 2010 |isbn=978-0-7653-1217-4 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154000/https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50#v=snippet&amp;q=salish%20sasquatch&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵯⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴹⵓⵥⵏⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴱⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵙⵍⴰⴷ ⵓⴷⵎ, ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ (ⴷ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴼⴰⴷⴷⵏ, ⵉⵖⵎⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ) ⵖⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Forth |first1=Gregory |title=Images of the Wildman Inside and Outside Europe |journal=Folklore |date=2007 |volume=118 |issue=3 |pages=261–281 |doi=10.1080/00155870701621772|s2cid=161789895 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg|thumb|left|ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵔⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⴰ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ (Tulare County, ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵕⵏⵢⴰ). ]]

ⵖ ⵓⴳⵯⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴷⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵟⵓⵍⵉ (Tule River Indian Reservation), ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵙⵉⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵢⵓⴽⵓⵜⵙ&quot; (Yokuts) ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵏ &quot;ⴰⵥⵕⵓ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ&quot; (Painted Rock), ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⴰⵡⵉⵜⵣ ⵙⵜⵔⴰⵢⵏ (Kathy Moskowitz Strain), ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2008 ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ &quot;ⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ, ⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⴱⴰⵍⵏ, ⵉⵖⵥⵏⴰⵏ: ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵖ ⵜⵡⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵚⵍⵉⵢⵜ&quot;, ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ&quot; (the Family).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Was Big Foot at the Reservation? |url=https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |website=recorderonline.com |publisher=[[Porterville Recorder]] |access-date=May 10, 2021 |date=November 14, 2013 |archive-date=May 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510205236/https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot; (ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴽ ⴷⴰⵜⴰⵜ), ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴹⴽⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ 1,000 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Moskowitz Strain |first1=Kathy |title=MAYAK DATAT: THE HAIRY MAN PICTOGRAPHS |url=https://www.isu.edu/media/libraries/rhi/research-papers/Mayak-Datat-Hairy-Man-Pictographs-1.pdf |website=isu.edu |publisher=THE RELICT HOMINOID INQUIRY |access-date=March 11, 2024 |date=2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵏⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵉⵚⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 16 ⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ &quot;ⵉⵏⵎⵎⵓⵜⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⴰⵙ&quot; (Dark Watchers), ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴼ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵍⴳⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵖ ⵢⵉⴹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Almond |first1=Elliott |title=Trekking California's mysterious Bigfoot trail |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |access-date=February 3, 2022 |agency=[[The Mercury News]] |date=January 31, 2022 |archive-date=February 2, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202203836/https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙⵉⴱⵉ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵇⵏⵉⵙ ⴰⵄⵉⵙⴰⵡ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵜⵛⵉⵣ (Natchez) ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1721, ⵢⵓⵍⵙ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵖⵓⵢⵢⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵊⴼⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Grayson |first1=Walt |title=Focused on Mississippi: &quot;Bigfoot Bash&quot; to be held in Natchez on November 4th |url=https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |website=wjtv.com |publisher=[[WJTV]] |access-date=November 26, 2021 |date=November 1, 2021 |archive-date=November 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126200318/https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵛⵉⵔⵓⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵜⵙⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵍⵓ (Tsul 'Kalu), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵙⵉⵔⵡⵉⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷ &quot;ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⴽⵏⴰⵏⵉⵏ&quot; ⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵍⴰⵛ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Lee |first1=D.W. |date=December 29, 2023 |title=IN THE SHADOWS: The legend of Judaculla, the Cherokee Devil |url=https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131172842/https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |archive-date=January 31, 2024 |access-date=January 31, 2024 |website=stilwelldemocrat.com |publisher=The Stilwell Democrat Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="36172" sha1="6julcanchvj909dcvgghdb9lzd27cd2" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ]], ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⴰ|ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]], ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]] [[ⴰⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ|ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ]] ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ|ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ]], ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ|ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ]] ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ|ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ|ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ [[ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ]] ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ|ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ]] ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ|ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ]] ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴷ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ]] &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ [[ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ]] [[ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ|ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ]] ⵏ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ]], ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ]] ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ '''ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ [[ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ|ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ]] (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ [[ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ|ⵜⵖⵣⵉ]] ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ [[ⵉⴷⴷⵓ|ⵉⴷⴷⴰ]] (ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ [[ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ]] (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ|ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ]] ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ [[ⴰⵍⵍⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵖ|ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ]] ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ|ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ]] ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ (ⵜⵉⵡⵡⴰⴽ), ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ [[ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳ|ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ]], ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ''', ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ '''ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ [[ⵜⵉⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ|ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔ|ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⴱⴰⵢⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵙⴼⵉⵡ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵙ &quot;ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵓⴳⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Goodavage&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Goodavage |first=Maria |title=Hunt for Bigfoot Attracts True Believers |newspaper=USA Today |date=May 24, 1996 |url=http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314183111/http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot;, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵣⵔⵓⴳ (ⴰⴼⵓⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ) ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴷⵓⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mil07&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Meldrum |first=Jeff |title=Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science |publisher=Macmillan |year=2007 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50 |access-date=February 19, 2010 |isbn=978-0-7653-1217-4 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154000/https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50#v=snippet&amp;q=salish%20sasquatch&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵯⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴹⵓⵥⵏⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴱⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵙⵍⴰⴷ ⵓⴷⵎ, ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ (ⴷ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴼⴰⴷⴷⵏ, ⵉⵖⵎⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ) ⵖⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Forth |first1=Gregory |title=Images of the Wildman Inside and Outside Europe |journal=Folklore |date=2007 |volume=118 |issue=3 |pages=261–281 |doi=10.1080/00155870701621772|s2cid=161789895 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg|thumb|left|ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵔⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⴰ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ (Tulare County, ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵕⵏⵢⴰ). ]]

ⵖ ⵓⴳⵯⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴷⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵟⵓⵍⵉ (Tule River Indian Reservation), ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵙⵉⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵢⵓⴽⵓⵜⵙ&quot; (Yokuts) ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵏ &quot;ⴰⵥⵕⵓ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ&quot; (Painted Rock), ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⴰⵡⵉⵜⵣ ⵙⵜⵔⴰⵢⵏ (Kathy Moskowitz Strain), ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2008 ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ &quot;ⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ, ⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⴱⴰⵍⵏ, ⵉⵖⵥⵏⴰⵏ: ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵖ ⵜⵡⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵚⵍⵉⵢⵜ&quot;, ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ&quot; (the Family).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Was Big Foot at the Reservation? |url=https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |website=recorderonline.com |publisher=[[Porterville Recorder]] |access-date=May 10, 2021 |date=November 14, 2013 |archive-date=May 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510205236/https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot; (ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴽ ⴷⴰⵜⴰⵜ), ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴹⴽⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ 1,000 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Moskowitz Strain |first1=Kathy |title=MAYAK DATAT: THE HAIRY MAN PICTOGRAPHS |url=https://www.isu.edu/media/libraries/rhi/research-papers/Mayak-Datat-Hairy-Man-Pictographs-1.pdf |website=isu.edu |publisher=THE RELICT HOMINOID INQUIRY |access-date=March 11, 2024 |date=2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵏⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵉⵚⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 16 ⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ &quot;ⵉⵏⵎⵎⵓⵜⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⴰⵙ&quot; (Dark Watchers), ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴼ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵍⴳⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵖ ⵢⵉⴹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Almond |first1=Elliott |title=Trekking California's mysterious Bigfoot trail |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |access-date=February 3, 2022 |agency=[[The Mercury News]] |date=January 31, 2022 |archive-date=February 2, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202203836/https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙⵉⴱⵉ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵇⵏⵉⵙ ⴰⵄⵉⵙⴰⵡ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵜⵛⵉⵣ (Natchez) ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1721, ⵢⵓⵍⵙ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵖⵓⵢⵢⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵊⴼⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Grayson |first1=Walt |title=Focused on Mississippi: &quot;Bigfoot Bash&quot; to be held in Natchez on November 4th |url=https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |website=wjtv.com |publisher=[[WJTV]] |access-date=November 26, 2021 |date=November 1, 2021 |archive-date=November 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126200318/https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵛⵉⵔⵓⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵜⵙⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵍⵓ (Tsul 'Kalu), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵙⵉⵔⵡⵉⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷ &quot;ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⴽⵏⴰⵏⵉⵏ&quot; ⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵍⴰⵛ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Lee |first1=D.W. |date=December 29, 2023 |title=IN THE SHADOWS: The legend of Judaculla, the Cherokee Devil |url=https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131172842/https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |archive-date=January 31, 2024 |access-date=January 31, 2024 |website=stilwelldemocrat.com |publisher=The Stilwell Democrat Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⵓⵜⵉⵇ (Alutiiq) ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵏⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵍⵙⵏ ⴼ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ (Nantinaq), ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵡ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Armstrong |first1=Michael |title=New reality-TV show explores Nantinaq stories |url=https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |website=peninsulaclarion.com |publisher=[[Peninsula Clarion]] |access-date=December 6, 2023 |date=December 15, 2021 |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207180709/https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⵍⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⴰⴼⵣⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵉⵙⴽⵓⴼⵔⵉ+ « Alaskan Killer Bigfoot » (ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴱⵉ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ. ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵔⵜⵍⵓⴽ (Portlock) ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 1940.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=November 30, 2021|title=New Show Set in Portlock Explores Legend of Bigfoot|url=https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|access-date=December 6, 2023|website=KBBI AM 890|language=en|archive-date=February 12, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240212085035/https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵎⵎⴰⵎⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵙⵙⵉⵡⵉⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⵓⵏⵛⴽⴰⵏⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⴰⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⴽⴰⵏⴰ ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1840. ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵣⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⴱⵛⵛⵉⵔ ⴰⴱⵔⵓⵜⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ, ⵉⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⴷⵖⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵙⴱⵓⴽⴰⵏ (Spokane), ⵡⴰⵛⵉⵏⵟⵓⵏ. ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴼⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵍⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⵯⵎⴰⵔⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |title=The Diary of Elkanah Walker |publisher=Bigfoot Encounters |access-date=August 1, 2007 |archive-date=October 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007085252/http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
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      <text bytes="39668" sha1="goqpr81kmrogp8pnsbxx3oimuxerwht" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ]], ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⴰ|ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]], ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]] [[ⴰⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ|ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ]] ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ|ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ]], ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ|ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ]] ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ|ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ|ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ [[ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ]] ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ|ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ]] ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ|ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ]] ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴷ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ]] &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ [[ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ]] [[ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ|ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ]] ⵏ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ]], ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ]] ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ '''ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ [[ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ|ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ]] (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ [[ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ|ⵜⵖⵣⵉ]] ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ [[ⵉⴷⴷⵓ|ⵉⴷⴷⴰ]] (ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ [[ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ]] (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ|ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ]] ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ [[ⴰⵍⵍⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵖ|ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ]] ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ|ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ]] ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ (ⵜⵉⵡⵡⴰⴽ), ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ [[ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳ|ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ]], ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ''', ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ '''ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ [[ⵜⵉⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ|ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔ|ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⴱⴰⵢⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵙⴼⵉⵡ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵙ &quot;ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵓⴳⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Goodavage&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Goodavage |first=Maria |title=Hunt for Bigfoot Attracts True Believers |newspaper=USA Today |date=May 24, 1996 |url=http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314183111/http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot;, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵣⵔⵓⴳ (ⴰⴼⵓⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ) ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴷⵓⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mil07&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Meldrum |first=Jeff |title=Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science |publisher=Macmillan |year=2007 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50 |access-date=February 19, 2010 |isbn=978-0-7653-1217-4 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154000/https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50#v=snippet&amp;q=salish%20sasquatch&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵯⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴹⵓⵥⵏⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴱⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵙⵍⴰⴷ ⵓⴷⵎ, ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ (ⴷ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴼⴰⴷⴷⵏ, ⵉⵖⵎⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ) ⵖⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Forth |first1=Gregory |title=Images of the Wildman Inside and Outside Europe |journal=Folklore |date=2007 |volume=118 |issue=3 |pages=261–281 |doi=10.1080/00155870701621772|s2cid=161789895 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg|thumb|left|ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵔⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⴰ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ (Tulare County, ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵕⵏⵢⴰ). ]]

ⵖ ⵓⴳⵯⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴷⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵟⵓⵍⵉ (Tule River Indian Reservation), ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵙⵉⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵢⵓⴽⵓⵜⵙ&quot; (Yokuts) ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵏ &quot;ⴰⵥⵕⵓ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ&quot; (Painted Rock), ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⴰⵡⵉⵜⵣ ⵙⵜⵔⴰⵢⵏ (Kathy Moskowitz Strain), ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2008 ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ &quot;ⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ, ⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⴱⴰⵍⵏ, ⵉⵖⵥⵏⴰⵏ: ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵖ ⵜⵡⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵚⵍⵉⵢⵜ&quot;, ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ&quot; (the Family).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Was Big Foot at the Reservation? |url=https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |website=recorderonline.com |publisher=[[Porterville Recorder]] |access-date=May 10, 2021 |date=November 14, 2013 |archive-date=May 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510205236/https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot; (ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴽ ⴷⴰⵜⴰⵜ), ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴹⴽⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ 1,000 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Moskowitz Strain |first1=Kathy |title=MAYAK DATAT: THE HAIRY MAN PICTOGRAPHS |url=https://www.isu.edu/media/libraries/rhi/research-papers/Mayak-Datat-Hairy-Man-Pictographs-1.pdf |website=isu.edu |publisher=THE RELICT HOMINOID INQUIRY |access-date=March 11, 2024 |date=2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵏⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵉⵚⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 16 ⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ &quot;ⵉⵏⵎⵎⵓⵜⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⴰⵙ&quot; (Dark Watchers), ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴼ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵍⴳⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵖ ⵢⵉⴹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Almond |first1=Elliott |title=Trekking California's mysterious Bigfoot trail |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |access-date=February 3, 2022 |agency=[[The Mercury News]] |date=January 31, 2022 |archive-date=February 2, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202203836/https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙⵉⴱⵉ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵇⵏⵉⵙ ⴰⵄⵉⵙⴰⵡ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵜⵛⵉⵣ (Natchez) ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1721, ⵢⵓⵍⵙ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵖⵓⵢⵢⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵊⴼⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Grayson |first1=Walt |title=Focused on Mississippi: &quot;Bigfoot Bash&quot; to be held in Natchez on November 4th |url=https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |website=wjtv.com |publisher=[[WJTV]] |access-date=November 26, 2021 |date=November 1, 2021 |archive-date=November 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126200318/https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵛⵉⵔⵓⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵜⵙⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵍⵓ (Tsul 'Kalu), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵙⵉⵔⵡⵉⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷ &quot;ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⴽⵏⴰⵏⵉⵏ&quot; ⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵍⴰⵛ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Lee |first1=D.W. |date=December 29, 2023 |title=IN THE SHADOWS: The legend of Judaculla, the Cherokee Devil |url=https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131172842/https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |archive-date=January 31, 2024 |access-date=January 31, 2024 |website=stilwelldemocrat.com |publisher=The Stilwell Democrat Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⵓⵜⵉⵇ (Alutiiq) ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵏⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵍⵙⵏ ⴼ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ (Nantinaq), ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵡ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Armstrong |first1=Michael |title=New reality-TV show explores Nantinaq stories |url=https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |website=peninsulaclarion.com |publisher=[[Peninsula Clarion]] |access-date=December 6, 2023 |date=December 15, 2021 |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207180709/https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⵍⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⴰⴼⵣⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵉⵙⴽⵓⴼⵔⵉ+ « Alaskan Killer Bigfoot » (ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴱⵉ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ. ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵔⵜⵍⵓⴽ (Portlock) ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 1940.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=November 30, 2021|title=New Show Set in Portlock Explores Legend of Bigfoot|url=https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|access-date=December 6, 2023|website=KBBI AM 890|language=en|archive-date=February 12, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240212085035/https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵎⵎⴰⵎⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵙⵙⵉⵡⵉⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⵓⵏⵛⴽⴰⵏⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⴰⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⴽⴰⵏⴰ ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1840. ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵣⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⴱⵛⵛⵉⵔ ⴰⴱⵔⵓⵜⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ, ⵉⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⴷⵖⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵙⴱⵓⴽⴰⵏ (Spokane), ⵡⴰⵛⵉⵏⵟⵓⵏ. ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴼⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵍⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⵯⵎⴰⵔⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |title=The Diary of Elkanah Walker |publisher=Bigfoot Encounters |access-date=August 1, 2007 |archive-date=October 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007085252/http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵜⴰⵙⵙⴼⵉⴼⵜ ⵏ Patterson–Gimlin ==
[[File:Bigfoot - Patterson–Gimlin Film - Stabilized - 10-20-1967.webm|thumb|ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵓⵣⴳⴰⵏ ⵙⵖ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ]]

ⴳ 20 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1967, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵕⵓⵊⵔ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ (Roger Patterson) ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ &quot;ⴱⵓⴱ&quot; ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (Robert &quot;Bob&quot; Gimlin) ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵡⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ docudrama ⴼ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⴰⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⴱⵍⴰⴼ ⴽⵔⵉⴽ&quot; (Bluff Creek) ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵔⵏⵢⴰ. ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵎⵏⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙⵙⵓⵍⴼⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ. ⴰⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵍⴰ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ 59.5 ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵖⵏ (ⵜⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ–ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (PGF), ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ. ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ (PGF) ⵙⵓⵍ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵚⴽⴽⵕⴹⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⵙⵉⵏ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵏⵙⴳⵎⴰⵢ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Rosman |first1=John |title=Film Introducing Bigfoot To World Still Mysterious 50 Years Later |url=https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518145245/https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |archive-date=May 18, 2019 |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=opb.org |publisher=[[Oregon Public Broadcasting]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵡⵣⵣⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵣⴷⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |title=Bigfoot Exposed: An Anthropologist Examines America's Enduring Legend |date=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=978-0-7591-1523-1 |page=108 |access-date=December 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002435/https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴽⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵙⴼⵔⵓ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵏⴷⴼ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Buhs |first1=Joshua Blu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |title=Bigfoot: The Life and Times of a Legend |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-226-50215-1 |page=75 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002644/https://books.google.com/books/?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

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      <text bytes="41567" sha1="49jea94tpvs0shf2iq2tc9ppbswvqgn" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ]], ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⴰ|ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]], ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]] [[ⴰⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ|ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ]] ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ|ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ]], ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ|ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ]] ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ|ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ|ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ [[ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ]] ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ|ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ]] ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ|ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ]] ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴷ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ]] &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ [[ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ]] [[ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ|ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ]] ⵏ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ]], ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ]] ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ '''ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ [[ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ|ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ]] (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ [[ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ|ⵜⵖⵣⵉ]] ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ [[ⵉⴷⴷⵓ|ⵉⴷⴷⴰ]] (ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ [[ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ]] (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ|ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ]] ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ [[ⴰⵍⵍⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵖ|ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ]] ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ|ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ]] ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ (ⵜⵉⵡⵡⴰⴽ), ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ [[ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳ|ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ]], ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ''', ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ '''ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ [[ⵜⵉⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ|ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔ|ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⴱⴰⵢⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵙⴼⵉⵡ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵙ &quot;ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵓⴳⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Goodavage&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Goodavage |first=Maria |title=Hunt for Bigfoot Attracts True Believers |newspaper=USA Today |date=May 24, 1996 |url=http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314183111/http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot;, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵣⵔⵓⴳ (ⴰⴼⵓⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ) ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴷⵓⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mil07&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Meldrum |first=Jeff |title=Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science |publisher=Macmillan |year=2007 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50 |access-date=February 19, 2010 |isbn=978-0-7653-1217-4 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154000/https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50#v=snippet&amp;q=salish%20sasquatch&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵯⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴹⵓⵥⵏⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴱⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵙⵍⴰⴷ ⵓⴷⵎ, ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ (ⴷ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴼⴰⴷⴷⵏ, ⵉⵖⵎⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ) ⵖⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Forth |first1=Gregory |title=Images of the Wildman Inside and Outside Europe |journal=Folklore |date=2007 |volume=118 |issue=3 |pages=261–281 |doi=10.1080/00155870701621772|s2cid=161789895 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg|thumb|left|ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵔⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⴰ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ (Tulare County, ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵕⵏⵢⴰ). ]]

ⵖ ⵓⴳⵯⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴷⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵟⵓⵍⵉ (Tule River Indian Reservation), ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵙⵉⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵢⵓⴽⵓⵜⵙ&quot; (Yokuts) ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵏ &quot;ⴰⵥⵕⵓ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ&quot; (Painted Rock), ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⴰⵡⵉⵜⵣ ⵙⵜⵔⴰⵢⵏ (Kathy Moskowitz Strain), ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2008 ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ &quot;ⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ, ⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⴱⴰⵍⵏ, ⵉⵖⵥⵏⴰⵏ: ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵖ ⵜⵡⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵚⵍⵉⵢⵜ&quot;, ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ&quot; (the Family).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Was Big Foot at the Reservation? |url=https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |website=recorderonline.com |publisher=[[Porterville Recorder]] |access-date=May 10, 2021 |date=November 14, 2013 |archive-date=May 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510205236/https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot; (ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴽ ⴷⴰⵜⴰⵜ), ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴹⴽⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ 1,000 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Moskowitz Strain |first1=Kathy |title=MAYAK DATAT: THE HAIRY MAN PICTOGRAPHS |url=https://www.isu.edu/media/libraries/rhi/research-papers/Mayak-Datat-Hairy-Man-Pictographs-1.pdf |website=isu.edu |publisher=THE RELICT HOMINOID INQUIRY |access-date=March 11, 2024 |date=2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵏⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵉⵚⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 16 ⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ &quot;ⵉⵏⵎⵎⵓⵜⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⴰⵙ&quot; (Dark Watchers), ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴼ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵍⴳⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵖ ⵢⵉⴹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Almond |first1=Elliott |title=Trekking California's mysterious Bigfoot trail |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |access-date=February 3, 2022 |agency=[[The Mercury News]] |date=January 31, 2022 |archive-date=February 2, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202203836/https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙⵉⴱⵉ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵇⵏⵉⵙ ⴰⵄⵉⵙⴰⵡ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵜⵛⵉⵣ (Natchez) ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1721, ⵢⵓⵍⵙ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵖⵓⵢⵢⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵊⴼⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Grayson |first1=Walt |title=Focused on Mississippi: &quot;Bigfoot Bash&quot; to be held in Natchez on November 4th |url=https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |website=wjtv.com |publisher=[[WJTV]] |access-date=November 26, 2021 |date=November 1, 2021 |archive-date=November 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126200318/https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵛⵉⵔⵓⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵜⵙⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵍⵓ (Tsul 'Kalu), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵙⵉⵔⵡⵉⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷ &quot;ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⴽⵏⴰⵏⵉⵏ&quot; ⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵍⴰⵛ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Lee |first1=D.W. |date=December 29, 2023 |title=IN THE SHADOWS: The legend of Judaculla, the Cherokee Devil |url=https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131172842/https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |archive-date=January 31, 2024 |access-date=January 31, 2024 |website=stilwelldemocrat.com |publisher=The Stilwell Democrat Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⵓⵜⵉⵇ (Alutiiq) ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵏⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵍⵙⵏ ⴼ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ (Nantinaq), ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵡ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Armstrong |first1=Michael |title=New reality-TV show explores Nantinaq stories |url=https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |website=peninsulaclarion.com |publisher=[[Peninsula Clarion]] |access-date=December 6, 2023 |date=December 15, 2021 |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207180709/https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⵍⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⴰⴼⵣⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵉⵙⴽⵓⴼⵔⵉ+ « Alaskan Killer Bigfoot » (ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴱⵉ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ. ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵔⵜⵍⵓⴽ (Portlock) ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 1940.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=November 30, 2021|title=New Show Set in Portlock Explores Legend of Bigfoot|url=https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|access-date=December 6, 2023|website=KBBI AM 890|language=en|archive-date=February 12, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240212085035/https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵎⵎⴰⵎⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵙⵙⵉⵡⵉⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⵓⵏⵛⴽⴰⵏⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⴰⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⴽⴰⵏⴰ ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1840. ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵣⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⴱⵛⵛⵉⵔ ⴰⴱⵔⵓⵜⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ, ⵉⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⴷⵖⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵙⴱⵓⴽⴰⵏ (Spokane), ⵡⴰⵛⵉⵏⵟⵓⵏ. ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴼⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵍⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⵯⵎⴰⵔⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |title=The Diary of Elkanah Walker |publisher=Bigfoot Encounters |access-date=August 1, 2007 |archive-date=October 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007085252/http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵜⴰⵙⵙⴼⵉⴼⵜ ⵏ Patterson–Gimlin ==
[[File:Bigfoot - Patterson–Gimlin Film - Stabilized - 10-20-1967.webm|thumb|ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵓⵣⴳⴰⵏ ⵙⵖ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ]]

ⴳ 20 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1967, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵕⵓⵊⵔ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ (Roger Patterson) ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ &quot;ⴱⵓⴱ&quot; ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (Robert &quot;Bob&quot; Gimlin) ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵡⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ docudrama ⴼ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⴰⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⴱⵍⴰⴼ ⴽⵔⵉⴽ&quot; (Bluff Creek) ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵔⵏⵢⴰ. ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵎⵏⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙⵙⵓⵍⴼⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ. ⴰⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵍⴰ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ 59.5 ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵖⵏ (ⵜⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ–ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (PGF), ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ. ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ (PGF) ⵙⵓⵍ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵚⴽⴽⵕⴹⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⵙⵉⵏ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵏⵙⴳⵎⴰⵢ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Rosman |first1=John |title=Film Introducing Bigfoot To World Still Mysterious 50 Years Later |url=https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518145245/https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |archive-date=May 18, 2019 |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=opb.org |publisher=[[Oregon Public Broadcasting]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵡⵣⵣⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵣⴷⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |title=Bigfoot Exposed: An Anthropologist Examines America's Enduring Legend |date=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=978-0-7591-1523-1 |page=108 |access-date=December 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002435/https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴽⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵙⴼⵔⵓ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵏⴷⴼ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Buhs |first1=Joshua Blu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |title=Bigfoot: The Life and Times of a Legend |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-226-50215-1 |page=75 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002644/https://books.google.com/books/?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ==
ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ (Almas) – ⴰⵙⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ (ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵙⵢⴰ)

ⴰⵎ ⴼⵉⵔ ⵍⵢⴰⵜ ⵎⵓⵔ (Am Fear Liath Mòr) – ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ

ⴰⵎⵓⵎⵓⵏⴳⵓ (Amomongo) – ⵍⴼⵉⵍⵉⴱⵉⵏ

ⴱⴰⵔⵎⴰⵏⵓ (Barmanou) – ⴰⴼⵖⴰⵏⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ / ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ

ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ-ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵏ ⴱⵓⴽⵉⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵀ (Bukit Timah Monkey Man) – ⵙⵉⵏⵖⴰⴼⵓⵔⴰ

ⵉⴱⵓ ⴳⵓⴳⵓ (Ebu Gogo) – ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ

ⴰⵡⴰⵃⵛ ⵏ ⴼⵓⴽ (Fouke Monster) – ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ

ⵀⵉⴱⴰⴳⵓⵏ (Hibagon) – ⵍⵢⴰⴱⴰⵏ

ⵎⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⴱⴰⵔⵓⵏⴳ (Mande Barung) – ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ

ⵎⵉⵙⵜⴰⴱⵉⵡ (Mistapew) – ⵜⵉⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ 

ⵜⵉⵍⴳⵓⵏⴽⵉⵢⵉⵏ (Algonquin)
ⵎⵓⵎⵓ ⴷ ⴰⵏⵥⴹⴰⵎ (Momo the Monster) – ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ

ⵏⵉⵜⴰⵢⵡⵓ (Nittaewo) – ⵙⵔⵉⵍⴰⵏⴽⴰ

ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙ (Orang Mawas) – ⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵢⴰ

ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⴱⵉⵏⴷⵉⴽ (Orang Pendek) – ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ

ⵙⵉⵙⵉⵎⵉⵜⵓ (Sisimito) – ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ

ⴰⴱⴹⵓⴹ-ⵙⴽⵓⵏⴽ (Skunk ape) – ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ

ⵓⵔⴰⵢⵓⵍⵉ (Urayuli) – ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ, ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ

ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵡⵃⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵏⴰⴼⵉⴷⴰⴷ (Wild Man of the Navidad) – ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ (ⵜⵉⴽⵙⴰⵙ)

ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ (Yeren) – ⵛⵛⵉⵏⵡⴰ

ⵢⵉⵜⵉ (Yeti) – ⴰⵙⵢⴰ

ⵢⵓⵡⵉ (Yowie) – ⵓⵙⵜⵔⴰⵍⵢⴰ
== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
      <sha1>49jea94tpvs0shf2iq2tc9ppbswvqgn</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>197929</id>
      <parentid>197928</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-28T01:17:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aɣaras iḍlan</username>
        <id>211</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ */</comment>
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      <text bytes="41590" sha1="9xu3r4ctw8vlfjbtrdb4xy20t4ve55b" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ]], ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⴰ|ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]], ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]] [[ⴰⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ|ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ]] ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ|ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ]], ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ|ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ]] ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ|ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ|ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ [[ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ]] ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ|ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ]] ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ|ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ]] ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴷ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ]] &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ [[ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ]] [[ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ|ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ]] ⵏ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ]], ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ]] ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ '''ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ [[ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ|ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ]] (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ [[ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ|ⵜⵖⵣⵉ]] ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ [[ⵉⴷⴷⵓ|ⵉⴷⴷⴰ]] (ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ [[ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ]] (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ|ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ]] ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ [[ⴰⵍⵍⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵖ|ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ]] ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ|ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ]] ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ (ⵜⵉⵡⵡⴰⴽ), ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ [[ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳ|ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ]], ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ''', ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ '''ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ [[ⵜⵉⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ|ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔ|ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⴱⴰⵢⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵙⴼⵉⵡ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵙ &quot;ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵓⴳⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Goodavage&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Goodavage |first=Maria |title=Hunt for Bigfoot Attracts True Believers |newspaper=USA Today |date=May 24, 1996 |url=http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314183111/http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot;, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵣⵔⵓⴳ (ⴰⴼⵓⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ) ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴷⵓⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mil07&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Meldrum |first=Jeff |title=Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science |publisher=Macmillan |year=2007 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50 |access-date=February 19, 2010 |isbn=978-0-7653-1217-4 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154000/https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50#v=snippet&amp;q=salish%20sasquatch&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵯⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴹⵓⵥⵏⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴱⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵙⵍⴰⴷ ⵓⴷⵎ, ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ (ⴷ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴼⴰⴷⴷⵏ, ⵉⵖⵎⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ) ⵖⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Forth |first1=Gregory |title=Images of the Wildman Inside and Outside Europe |journal=Folklore |date=2007 |volume=118 |issue=3 |pages=261–281 |doi=10.1080/00155870701621772|s2cid=161789895 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg|thumb|left|ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵔⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⴰ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ (Tulare County, ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵕⵏⵢⴰ). ]]

ⵖ ⵓⴳⵯⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴷⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵟⵓⵍⵉ (Tule River Indian Reservation), ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵙⵉⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵢⵓⴽⵓⵜⵙ&quot; (Yokuts) ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵏ &quot;ⴰⵥⵕⵓ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ&quot; (Painted Rock), ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⴰⵡⵉⵜⵣ ⵙⵜⵔⴰⵢⵏ (Kathy Moskowitz Strain), ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2008 ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ &quot;ⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ, ⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⴱⴰⵍⵏ, ⵉⵖⵥⵏⴰⵏ: ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵖ ⵜⵡⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵚⵍⵉⵢⵜ&quot;, ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ&quot; (the Family).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Was Big Foot at the Reservation? |url=https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |website=recorderonline.com |publisher=[[Porterville Recorder]] |access-date=May 10, 2021 |date=November 14, 2013 |archive-date=May 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510205236/https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot; (ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴽ ⴷⴰⵜⴰⵜ), ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴹⴽⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ 1,000 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Moskowitz Strain |first1=Kathy |title=MAYAK DATAT: THE HAIRY MAN PICTOGRAPHS |url=https://www.isu.edu/media/libraries/rhi/research-papers/Mayak-Datat-Hairy-Man-Pictographs-1.pdf |website=isu.edu |publisher=THE RELICT HOMINOID INQUIRY |access-date=March 11, 2024 |date=2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵏⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵉⵚⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 16 ⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ &quot;ⵉⵏⵎⵎⵓⵜⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⴰⵙ&quot; (Dark Watchers), ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴼ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵍⴳⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵖ ⵢⵉⴹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Almond |first1=Elliott |title=Trekking California's mysterious Bigfoot trail |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |access-date=February 3, 2022 |agency=[[The Mercury News]] |date=January 31, 2022 |archive-date=February 2, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202203836/https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙⵉⴱⵉ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵇⵏⵉⵙ ⴰⵄⵉⵙⴰⵡ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵜⵛⵉⵣ (Natchez) ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1721, ⵢⵓⵍⵙ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵖⵓⵢⵢⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵊⴼⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Grayson |first1=Walt |title=Focused on Mississippi: &quot;Bigfoot Bash&quot; to be held in Natchez on November 4th |url=https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |website=wjtv.com |publisher=[[WJTV]] |access-date=November 26, 2021 |date=November 1, 2021 |archive-date=November 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126200318/https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵛⵉⵔⵓⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵜⵙⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵍⵓ (Tsul 'Kalu), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵙⵉⵔⵡⵉⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷ &quot;ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⴽⵏⴰⵏⵉⵏ&quot; ⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵍⴰⵛ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Lee |first1=D.W. |date=December 29, 2023 |title=IN THE SHADOWS: The legend of Judaculla, the Cherokee Devil |url=https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131172842/https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |archive-date=January 31, 2024 |access-date=January 31, 2024 |website=stilwelldemocrat.com |publisher=The Stilwell Democrat Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⵓⵜⵉⵇ (Alutiiq) ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵏⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵍⵙⵏ ⴼ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ (Nantinaq), ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵡ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Armstrong |first1=Michael |title=New reality-TV show explores Nantinaq stories |url=https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |website=peninsulaclarion.com |publisher=[[Peninsula Clarion]] |access-date=December 6, 2023 |date=December 15, 2021 |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207180709/https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⵍⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⴰⴼⵣⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵉⵙⴽⵓⴼⵔⵉ+ « Alaskan Killer Bigfoot » (ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴱⵉ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ. ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵔⵜⵍⵓⴽ (Portlock) ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 1940.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=November 30, 2021|title=New Show Set in Portlock Explores Legend of Bigfoot|url=https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|access-date=December 6, 2023|website=KBBI AM 890|language=en|archive-date=February 12, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240212085035/https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵎⵎⴰⵎⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵙⵙⵉⵡⵉⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⵓⵏⵛⴽⴰⵏⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⴰⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⴽⴰⵏⴰ ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1840. ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵣⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⴱⵛⵛⵉⵔ ⴰⴱⵔⵓⵜⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ, ⵉⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⴷⵖⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵙⴱⵓⴽⴰⵏ (Spokane), ⵡⴰⵛⵉⵏⵟⵓⵏ. ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴼⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵍⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⵯⵎⴰⵔⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |title=The Diary of Elkanah Walker |publisher=Bigfoot Encounters |access-date=August 1, 2007 |archive-date=October 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007085252/http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵜⴰⵙⵙⴼⵉⴼⵜ ⵏ Patterson–Gimlin ==
[[File:Bigfoot - Patterson–Gimlin Film - Stabilized - 10-20-1967.webm|thumb|ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵓⵣⴳⴰⵏ ⵙⵖ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ]]

ⴳ 20 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1967, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵕⵓⵊⵔ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ (Roger Patterson) ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ &quot;ⴱⵓⴱ&quot; ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (Robert &quot;Bob&quot; Gimlin) ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵡⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ docudrama ⴼ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⴰⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⴱⵍⴰⴼ ⴽⵔⵉⴽ&quot; (Bluff Creek) ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵔⵏⵢⴰ. ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵎⵏⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙⵙⵓⵍⴼⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ. ⴰⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵍⴰ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ 59.5 ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵖⵏ (ⵜⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ–ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (PGF), ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ. ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ (PGF) ⵙⵓⵍ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵚⴽⴽⵕⴹⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⵙⵉⵏ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵏⵙⴳⵎⴰⵢ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Rosman |first1=John |title=Film Introducing Bigfoot To World Still Mysterious 50 Years Later |url=https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518145245/https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |archive-date=May 18, 2019 |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=opb.org |publisher=[[Oregon Public Broadcasting]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵡⵣⵣⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵣⴷⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |title=Bigfoot Exposed: An Anthropologist Examines America's Enduring Legend |date=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=978-0-7591-1523-1 |page=108 |access-date=December 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002435/https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴽⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵙⴼⵔⵓ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵏⴷⴼ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Buhs |first1=Joshua Blu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |title=Bigfoot: The Life and Times of a Legend |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-226-50215-1 |page=75 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002644/https://books.google.com/books/?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ==

# ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ (Almas) – ⴰⵙⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ (ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵙⵢⴰ)
# ⴰⵎ ⴼⵉⵔ ⵍⵢⴰⵜ ⵎⵓⵔ (Am Fear Liath Mòr) – ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ
# ⴰⵎⵓⵎⵓⵏⴳⵓ (Amomongo) – ⵍⴼⵉⵍⵉⴱⵉⵏ
# ⴱⴰⵔⵎⴰⵏⵓ (Barmanou) – ⴰⴼⵖⴰⵏⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ / ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ
# ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ-ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵏ ⴱⵓⴽⵉⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵀ (Bukit Timah Monkey Man) – ⵙⵉⵏⵖⴰⴼⵓⵔⴰ
# ⵉⴱⵓ ⴳⵓⴳⵓ (Ebu Gogo) – ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ
# ⴰⵡⴰⵃⵛ ⵏ ⴼⵓⴽ (Fouke Monster) – ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ
# ⵀⵉⴱⴰⴳⵓⵏ (Hibagon) – ⵍⵢⴰⴱⴰⵏ
# ⵎⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⴱⴰⵔⵓⵏⴳ (Mande Barung) – ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ
# ⵎⵉⵙⵜⴰⴱⵉⵡ (Mistapew) – ⵜⵉⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ
# ⵜⵉⵍⴳⵓⵏⴽⵉⵢⵉⵏ (Algonquin) ⵎⵓⵎⵓ ⴷ ⴰⵏⵥⴹⴰⵎ (Momo the Monster) – ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ
# ⵏⵉⵜⴰⵢⵡⵓ (Nittaewo) – ⵙⵔⵉⵍⴰⵏⴽⴰ
# ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙ (Orang Mawas) – ⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵢⴰ
# ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⴱⵉⵏⴷⵉⴽ (Orang Pendek) – ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ
# ⵙⵉⵙⵉⵎⵉⵜⵓ (Sisimito) – ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ
# ⴰⴱⴹⵓⴹ-ⵙⴽⵓⵏⴽ (Skunk ape) – ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ
# ⵓⵔⴰⵢⵓⵍⵉ (Urayuli) – ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ, ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ
# ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵡⵃⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵏⴰⴼⵉⴷⴰⴷ (Wild Man of the Navidad) – ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ (ⵜⵉⴽⵙⴰⵙ)
# ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ (Yeren) – ⵛⵛⵉⵏⵡⴰ
# ⵢⵉⵜⵉ (Yeti) – ⴰⵙⵢⴰ
# ⵢⵓⵡⵉ (Yowie) – ⵓⵙⵜⵔⴰⵍⵢⴰ

== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>197930</id>
      <parentid>197929</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-28T01:33:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aɣaras iḍlan</username>
        <id>211</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* ⵜⴰⵙⵙⴼⵉⴼⵜ ⵏ Patterson–Gimlin */</comment>
      <origin>197930</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="45415" sha1="iyv6ykxux4pj4fd1w3ixwi123xu3s2p" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ]], ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⴰ|ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]], ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]] [[ⴰⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ|ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ]] ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ|ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ]], ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ|ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ]] ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ|ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ|ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ [[ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ]] ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ|ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ]] ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ|ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ]] ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴷ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ]] &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ [[ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ]] [[ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ|ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ]] ⵏ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ]], ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ]] ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ '''ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ [[ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ|ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ]] (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ [[ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ|ⵜⵖⵣⵉ]] ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ [[ⵉⴷⴷⵓ|ⵉⴷⴷⴰ]] (ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ [[ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ]] (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ|ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ]] ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ [[ⴰⵍⵍⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵖ|ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ]] ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ|ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ]] ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ (ⵜⵉⵡⵡⴰⴽ), ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ [[ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳ|ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ]], ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ''', ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ '''ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ [[ⵜⵉⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ|ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔ|ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⴱⴰⵢⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵙⴼⵉⵡ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵙ &quot;ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵓⴳⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Goodavage&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Goodavage |first=Maria |title=Hunt for Bigfoot Attracts True Believers |newspaper=USA Today |date=May 24, 1996 |url=http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314183111/http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot;, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵣⵔⵓⴳ (ⴰⴼⵓⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ) ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴷⵓⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mil07&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Meldrum |first=Jeff |title=Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science |publisher=Macmillan |year=2007 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50 |access-date=February 19, 2010 |isbn=978-0-7653-1217-4 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154000/https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50#v=snippet&amp;q=salish%20sasquatch&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵯⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴹⵓⵥⵏⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴱⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵙⵍⴰⴷ ⵓⴷⵎ, ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ (ⴷ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴼⴰⴷⴷⵏ, ⵉⵖⵎⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ) ⵖⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Forth |first1=Gregory |title=Images of the Wildman Inside and Outside Europe |journal=Folklore |date=2007 |volume=118 |issue=3 |pages=261–281 |doi=10.1080/00155870701621772|s2cid=161789895 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg|thumb|left|ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵔⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⴰ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ (Tulare County, ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵕⵏⵢⴰ). ]]

ⵖ ⵓⴳⵯⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴷⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵟⵓⵍⵉ (Tule River Indian Reservation), ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵙⵉⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵢⵓⴽⵓⵜⵙ&quot; (Yokuts) ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵏ &quot;ⴰⵥⵕⵓ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ&quot; (Painted Rock), ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⴰⵡⵉⵜⵣ ⵙⵜⵔⴰⵢⵏ (Kathy Moskowitz Strain), ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2008 ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ &quot;ⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ, ⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⴱⴰⵍⵏ, ⵉⵖⵥⵏⴰⵏ: ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵖ ⵜⵡⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵚⵍⵉⵢⵜ&quot;, ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ&quot; (the Family).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Was Big Foot at the Reservation? |url=https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |website=recorderonline.com |publisher=[[Porterville Recorder]] |access-date=May 10, 2021 |date=November 14, 2013 |archive-date=May 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510205236/https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot; (ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴽ ⴷⴰⵜⴰⵜ), ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴹⴽⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ 1,000 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Moskowitz Strain |first1=Kathy |title=MAYAK DATAT: THE HAIRY MAN PICTOGRAPHS |url=https://www.isu.edu/media/libraries/rhi/research-papers/Mayak-Datat-Hairy-Man-Pictographs-1.pdf |website=isu.edu |publisher=THE RELICT HOMINOID INQUIRY |access-date=March 11, 2024 |date=2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵏⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵉⵚⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 16 ⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ &quot;ⵉⵏⵎⵎⵓⵜⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⴰⵙ&quot; (Dark Watchers), ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴼ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵍⴳⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵖ ⵢⵉⴹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Almond |first1=Elliott |title=Trekking California's mysterious Bigfoot trail |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |access-date=February 3, 2022 |agency=[[The Mercury News]] |date=January 31, 2022 |archive-date=February 2, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202203836/https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙⵉⴱⵉ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵇⵏⵉⵙ ⴰⵄⵉⵙⴰⵡ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵜⵛⵉⵣ (Natchez) ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1721, ⵢⵓⵍⵙ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵖⵓⵢⵢⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵊⴼⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Grayson |first1=Walt |title=Focused on Mississippi: &quot;Bigfoot Bash&quot; to be held in Natchez on November 4th |url=https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |website=wjtv.com |publisher=[[WJTV]] |access-date=November 26, 2021 |date=November 1, 2021 |archive-date=November 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126200318/https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵛⵉⵔⵓⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵜⵙⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵍⵓ (Tsul 'Kalu), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵙⵉⵔⵡⵉⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷ &quot;ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⴽⵏⴰⵏⵉⵏ&quot; ⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵍⴰⵛ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Lee |first1=D.W. |date=December 29, 2023 |title=IN THE SHADOWS: The legend of Judaculla, the Cherokee Devil |url=https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131172842/https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |archive-date=January 31, 2024 |access-date=January 31, 2024 |website=stilwelldemocrat.com |publisher=The Stilwell Democrat Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⵓⵜⵉⵇ (Alutiiq) ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵏⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵍⵙⵏ ⴼ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ (Nantinaq), ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵡ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Armstrong |first1=Michael |title=New reality-TV show explores Nantinaq stories |url=https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |website=peninsulaclarion.com |publisher=[[Peninsula Clarion]] |access-date=December 6, 2023 |date=December 15, 2021 |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207180709/https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⵍⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⴰⴼⵣⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵉⵙⴽⵓⴼⵔⵉ+ « Alaskan Killer Bigfoot » (ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴱⵉ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ. ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵔⵜⵍⵓⴽ (Portlock) ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 1940.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=November 30, 2021|title=New Show Set in Portlock Explores Legend of Bigfoot|url=https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|access-date=December 6, 2023|website=KBBI AM 890|language=en|archive-date=February 12, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240212085035/https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵎⵎⴰⵎⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵙⵙⵉⵡⵉⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⵓⵏⵛⴽⴰⵏⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⴰⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⴽⴰⵏⴰ ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1840. ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵣⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⴱⵛⵛⵉⵔ ⴰⴱⵔⵓⵜⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ, ⵉⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⴷⵖⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵙⴱⵓⴽⴰⵏ (Spokane), ⵡⴰⵛⵉⵏⵟⵓⵏ. ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴼⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵍⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⵯⵎⴰⵔⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |title=The Diary of Elkanah Walker |publisher=Bigfoot Encounters |access-date=August 1, 2007 |archive-date=October 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007085252/http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵜⴰⵙⵙⴼⵉⴼⵜ ⵏ Patterson–Gimlin ==
[[File:Bigfoot - Patterson–Gimlin Film - Stabilized - 10-20-1967.webm|thumb|ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵓⵣⴳⴰⵏ ⵙⵖ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ]]

ⴳ 20 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1967, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵕⵓⵊⵔ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ (Roger Patterson) ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ &quot;ⴱⵓⴱ&quot; ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (Robert &quot;Bob&quot; Gimlin) ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵡⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ docudrama ⴼ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⴰⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⴱⵍⴰⴼ ⴽⵔⵉⴽ&quot; (Bluff Creek) ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵔⵏⵢⴰ. ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵎⵏⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙⵙⵓⵍⴼⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ. ⴰⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵍⴰ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ 59.5 ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵖⵏ (ⵜⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ–ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (PGF), ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ. ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ (PGF) ⵙⵓⵍ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵚⴽⴽⵕⴹⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⵙⵉⵏ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵏⵙⴳⵎⴰⵢ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Rosman |first1=John |title=Film Introducing Bigfoot To World Still Mysterious 50 Years Later |url=https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518145245/https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |archive-date=May 18, 2019 |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=opb.org |publisher=[[Oregon Public Broadcasting]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵡⵣⵣⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵣⴷⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |title=Bigfoot Exposed: An Anthropologist Examines America's Enduring Legend |date=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=978-0-7591-1523-1 |page=108 |access-date=December 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002435/https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴽⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵙⴼⵔⵓ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵏⴷⴼ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Buhs |first1=Joshua Blu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |title=Bigfoot: The Life and Times of a Legend |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-226-50215-1 |page=75 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002644/https://books.google.com/books/?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵖ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ==
ⵉⴼⵍ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot) ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵎⵣⴰⵣⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵊⵓⵔⴷⴰⵏ (Michael Jordan) ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵓⵜⴰⴳⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Donaldson |first1=Kevin |date=June 6, 2014 |title=Bigfoot: The Next Big Paranormal Pop Culture Craze? |url=https://younghollywood.com/scene/bigfoot-the-next-big-paranormal-pop-culture-craze.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412225048/https://younghollywood.com/scene/bigfoot-the-next-big-paranormal-pop-culture-craze.html |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |access-date=March 23, 2021 |publisher=[[Young Hollywood]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Daegling 2004, p. 4.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2018, ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵎⵉⵜⵙⵓⵏⵢⴰⵏ (Smithsonian): « ⴰⵍⵓⵍⵍⵓⵢ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⴽⵎ ⴰⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ».&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |date=September 2018 |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |access-date=December 14, 2020 |website=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⴳⴳⵯ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴳ 2020 ⵉⵙⴽⵏ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ 10 ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵎⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴼⵍⵙⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵉⴳⴰ « ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵉⴷⴷⵔⵏ, ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ».&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Brode |first1=Noah |date=May 11, 2020 |title=Bigfoot is Real (For 11% of U.S. Adults) |url=https://civicscience.com/bigfoot-is-real-for-11-of-u-s-adults/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410121821/https://civicscience.com/bigfoot-is-real-for-11-of-u-s-adults/ |archive-date=April 10, 2021 |access-date=March 23, 2021 |website=civicscience.com |publisher=CivicScience}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵖ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵣⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 2023, ⵉⵡⴰⵍⵉⵡⵏ &quot;Bigfoot&quot; ⴷ &quot;Sasquatch&quot; ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⴳⴳⵍ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 200,000 ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 660,000 ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Fechino |first1=Ashlee |date=May 2, 2023 |title=Myths and Legends: The Most Popular Cryptids in Every US State |url=https://wealthofgeeks.com/cryptids/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930215434/https://wealthofgeeks.com/cryptids/ |archive-date=September 30, 2023 |access-date=September 13, 2023 |website=wealthofgeeks.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2025, ⵜⵉⵡⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵓⵏⵉⴽⵓⴷ (Unicode Consortium) ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵊⵉ (emoji) ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵎⵉ ⵙⵎⵍⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴱⵓ ⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Campbell |first1=Ian Carlos |date=July 21, 2025 |title=Unicode's new emoji refuses to put respect on Bigfoot's name |url=https://www.engadget.com/mobile/unicodes-new-emoji-refuses-to-put-respect-on-bigfoots-name-184412935.html |access-date=July 28, 2025 |website=engadget.com |publisher=Engadget}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ==

# ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ (Almas) – ⴰⵙⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ (ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵙⵢⴰ)
# ⴰⵎ ⴼⵉⵔ ⵍⵢⴰⵜ ⵎⵓⵔ (Am Fear Liath Mòr) – ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ
# ⴰⵎⵓⵎⵓⵏⴳⵓ (Amomongo) – ⵍⴼⵉⵍⵉⴱⵉⵏ
# ⴱⴰⵔⵎⴰⵏⵓ (Barmanou) – ⴰⴼⵖⴰⵏⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ / ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ
# ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ-ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵏ ⴱⵓⴽⵉⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵀ (Bukit Timah Monkey Man) – ⵙⵉⵏⵖⴰⴼⵓⵔⴰ
# ⵉⴱⵓ ⴳⵓⴳⵓ (Ebu Gogo) – ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ
# ⴰⵡⴰⵃⵛ ⵏ ⴼⵓⴽ (Fouke Monster) – ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ
# ⵀⵉⴱⴰⴳⵓⵏ (Hibagon) – ⵍⵢⴰⴱⴰⵏ
# ⵎⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⴱⴰⵔⵓⵏⴳ (Mande Barung) – ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ
# ⵎⵉⵙⵜⴰⴱⵉⵡ (Mistapew) – ⵜⵉⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ
# ⵜⵉⵍⴳⵓⵏⴽⵉⵢⵉⵏ (Algonquin) ⵎⵓⵎⵓ ⴷ ⴰⵏⵥⴹⴰⵎ (Momo the Monster) – ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ
# ⵏⵉⵜⴰⵢⵡⵓ (Nittaewo) – ⵙⵔⵉⵍⴰⵏⴽⴰ
# ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙ (Orang Mawas) – ⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵢⴰ
# ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⴱⵉⵏⴷⵉⴽ (Orang Pendek) – ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ
# ⵙⵉⵙⵉⵎⵉⵜⵓ (Sisimito) – ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ
# ⴰⴱⴹⵓⴹ-ⵙⴽⵓⵏⴽ (Skunk ape) – ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ
# ⵓⵔⴰⵢⵓⵍⵉ (Urayuli) – ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ, ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ
# ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵡⵃⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵏⴰⴼⵉⴷⴰⴷ (Wild Man of the Navidad) – ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ (ⵜⵉⴽⵙⴰⵙ)
# ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ (Yeren) – ⵛⵛⵉⵏⵡⴰ
# ⵢⵉⵜⵉ (Yeti) – ⴰⵙⵢⴰ
# ⵢⵓⵡⵉ (Yowie) – ⵓⵙⵜⵔⴰⵍⵢⴰ

== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
      <sha1>iyv6ykxux4pj4fd1w3ixwi123xu3s2p</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>197931</id>
      <parentid>197930</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-28T01:34:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aɣaras iḍlan</username>
        <id>211</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>197931</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="41590" sha1="9xu3r4ctw8vlfjbtrdb4xy20t4ve55b" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ]], ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⴰ|ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]], ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]] [[ⴰⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ|ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ]] ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ|ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ]], ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ|ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ]] ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ|ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ|ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ [[ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ]] ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ|ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ]] ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ|ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ]] ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴷ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ]] &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ [[ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ]] [[ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ|ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ]] ⵏ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ]], ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ]] ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ '''ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ [[ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ|ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ]] (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ [[ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ|ⵜⵖⵣⵉ]] ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ [[ⵉⴷⴷⵓ|ⵉⴷⴷⴰ]] (ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ [[ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ]] (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ|ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ]] ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ [[ⴰⵍⵍⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵖ|ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ]] ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ|ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ]] ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ (ⵜⵉⵡⵡⴰⴽ), ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ [[ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳ|ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ]], ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ''', ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ '''ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ [[ⵜⵉⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ|ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔ|ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⴱⴰⵢⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵙⴼⵉⵡ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵙ &quot;ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵓⴳⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Goodavage&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Goodavage |first=Maria |title=Hunt for Bigfoot Attracts True Believers |newspaper=USA Today |date=May 24, 1996 |url=http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314183111/http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot;, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵣⵔⵓⴳ (ⴰⴼⵓⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ) ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴷⵓⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mil07&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Meldrum |first=Jeff |title=Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science |publisher=Macmillan |year=2007 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50 |access-date=February 19, 2010 |isbn=978-0-7653-1217-4 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154000/https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50#v=snippet&amp;q=salish%20sasquatch&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵯⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴹⵓⵥⵏⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴱⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵙⵍⴰⴷ ⵓⴷⵎ, ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ (ⴷ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴼⴰⴷⴷⵏ, ⵉⵖⵎⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ) ⵖⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Forth |first1=Gregory |title=Images of the Wildman Inside and Outside Europe |journal=Folklore |date=2007 |volume=118 |issue=3 |pages=261–281 |doi=10.1080/00155870701621772|s2cid=161789895 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg|thumb|left|ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵔⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⴰ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ (Tulare County, ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵕⵏⵢⴰ). ]]

ⵖ ⵓⴳⵯⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴷⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵟⵓⵍⵉ (Tule River Indian Reservation), ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵙⵉⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵢⵓⴽⵓⵜⵙ&quot; (Yokuts) ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵏ &quot;ⴰⵥⵕⵓ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ&quot; (Painted Rock), ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⴰⵡⵉⵜⵣ ⵙⵜⵔⴰⵢⵏ (Kathy Moskowitz Strain), ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2008 ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ &quot;ⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ, ⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⴱⴰⵍⵏ, ⵉⵖⵥⵏⴰⵏ: ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵖ ⵜⵡⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵚⵍⵉⵢⵜ&quot;, ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ&quot; (the Family).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Was Big Foot at the Reservation? |url=https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |website=recorderonline.com |publisher=[[Porterville Recorder]] |access-date=May 10, 2021 |date=November 14, 2013 |archive-date=May 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510205236/https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot; (ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴽ ⴷⴰⵜⴰⵜ), ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴹⴽⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ 1,000 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Moskowitz Strain |first1=Kathy |title=MAYAK DATAT: THE HAIRY MAN PICTOGRAPHS |url=https://www.isu.edu/media/libraries/rhi/research-papers/Mayak-Datat-Hairy-Man-Pictographs-1.pdf |website=isu.edu |publisher=THE RELICT HOMINOID INQUIRY |access-date=March 11, 2024 |date=2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵏⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵉⵚⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 16 ⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ &quot;ⵉⵏⵎⵎⵓⵜⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⴰⵙ&quot; (Dark Watchers), ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴼ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵍⴳⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵖ ⵢⵉⴹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Almond |first1=Elliott |title=Trekking California's mysterious Bigfoot trail |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |access-date=February 3, 2022 |agency=[[The Mercury News]] |date=January 31, 2022 |archive-date=February 2, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202203836/https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙⵉⴱⵉ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵇⵏⵉⵙ ⴰⵄⵉⵙⴰⵡ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵜⵛⵉⵣ (Natchez) ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1721, ⵢⵓⵍⵙ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵖⵓⵢⵢⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵊⴼⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Grayson |first1=Walt |title=Focused on Mississippi: &quot;Bigfoot Bash&quot; to be held in Natchez on November 4th |url=https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |website=wjtv.com |publisher=[[WJTV]] |access-date=November 26, 2021 |date=November 1, 2021 |archive-date=November 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126200318/https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵛⵉⵔⵓⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵜⵙⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵍⵓ (Tsul 'Kalu), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵙⵉⵔⵡⵉⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷ &quot;ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⴽⵏⴰⵏⵉⵏ&quot; ⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵍⴰⵛ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Lee |first1=D.W. |date=December 29, 2023 |title=IN THE SHADOWS: The legend of Judaculla, the Cherokee Devil |url=https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131172842/https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |archive-date=January 31, 2024 |access-date=January 31, 2024 |website=stilwelldemocrat.com |publisher=The Stilwell Democrat Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⵓⵜⵉⵇ (Alutiiq) ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵏⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵍⵙⵏ ⴼ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ (Nantinaq), ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵡ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Armstrong |first1=Michael |title=New reality-TV show explores Nantinaq stories |url=https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |website=peninsulaclarion.com |publisher=[[Peninsula Clarion]] |access-date=December 6, 2023 |date=December 15, 2021 |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207180709/https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⵍⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⴰⴼⵣⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵉⵙⴽⵓⴼⵔⵉ+ « Alaskan Killer Bigfoot » (ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴱⵉ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ. ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵔⵜⵍⵓⴽ (Portlock) ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 1940.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=November 30, 2021|title=New Show Set in Portlock Explores Legend of Bigfoot|url=https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|access-date=December 6, 2023|website=KBBI AM 890|language=en|archive-date=February 12, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240212085035/https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵎⵎⴰⵎⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵙⵙⵉⵡⵉⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⵓⵏⵛⴽⴰⵏⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⴰⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⴽⴰⵏⴰ ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1840. ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵣⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⴱⵛⵛⵉⵔ ⴰⴱⵔⵓⵜⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ, ⵉⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⴷⵖⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵙⴱⵓⴽⴰⵏ (Spokane), ⵡⴰⵛⵉⵏⵟⵓⵏ. ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴼⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵍⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⵯⵎⴰⵔⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |title=The Diary of Elkanah Walker |publisher=Bigfoot Encounters |access-date=August 1, 2007 |archive-date=October 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007085252/http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵜⴰⵙⵙⴼⵉⴼⵜ ⵏ Patterson–Gimlin ==
[[File:Bigfoot - Patterson–Gimlin Film - Stabilized - 10-20-1967.webm|thumb|ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵓⵣⴳⴰⵏ ⵙⵖ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ]]

ⴳ 20 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1967, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵕⵓⵊⵔ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ (Roger Patterson) ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ &quot;ⴱⵓⴱ&quot; ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (Robert &quot;Bob&quot; Gimlin) ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵡⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ docudrama ⴼ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⴰⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⴱⵍⴰⴼ ⴽⵔⵉⴽ&quot; (Bluff Creek) ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵔⵏⵢⴰ. ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵎⵏⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙⵙⵓⵍⴼⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ. ⴰⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵍⴰ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ 59.5 ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵖⵏ (ⵜⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ–ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (PGF), ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ. ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ (PGF) ⵙⵓⵍ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵚⴽⴽⵕⴹⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⵙⵉⵏ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵏⵙⴳⵎⴰⵢ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Rosman |first1=John |title=Film Introducing Bigfoot To World Still Mysterious 50 Years Later |url=https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518145245/https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |archive-date=May 18, 2019 |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=opb.org |publisher=[[Oregon Public Broadcasting]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵡⵣⵣⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵣⴷⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |title=Bigfoot Exposed: An Anthropologist Examines America's Enduring Legend |date=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=978-0-7591-1523-1 |page=108 |access-date=December 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002435/https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴽⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵙⴼⵔⵓ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵏⴷⴼ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Buhs |first1=Joshua Blu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |title=Bigfoot: The Life and Times of a Legend |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-226-50215-1 |page=75 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002644/https://books.google.com/books/?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ==

# ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ (Almas) – ⴰⵙⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ (ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵙⵢⴰ)
# ⴰⵎ ⴼⵉⵔ ⵍⵢⴰⵜ ⵎⵓⵔ (Am Fear Liath Mòr) – ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ
# ⴰⵎⵓⵎⵓⵏⴳⵓ (Amomongo) – ⵍⴼⵉⵍⵉⴱⵉⵏ
# ⴱⴰⵔⵎⴰⵏⵓ (Barmanou) – ⴰⴼⵖⴰⵏⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ / ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ
# ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ-ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵏ ⴱⵓⴽⵉⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵀ (Bukit Timah Monkey Man) – ⵙⵉⵏⵖⴰⴼⵓⵔⴰ
# ⵉⴱⵓ ⴳⵓⴳⵓ (Ebu Gogo) – ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ
# ⴰⵡⴰⵃⵛ ⵏ ⴼⵓⴽ (Fouke Monster) – ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ
# ⵀⵉⴱⴰⴳⵓⵏ (Hibagon) – ⵍⵢⴰⴱⴰⵏ
# ⵎⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⴱⴰⵔⵓⵏⴳ (Mande Barung) – ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ
# ⵎⵉⵙⵜⴰⴱⵉⵡ (Mistapew) – ⵜⵉⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ
# ⵜⵉⵍⴳⵓⵏⴽⵉⵢⵉⵏ (Algonquin) ⵎⵓⵎⵓ ⴷ ⴰⵏⵥⴹⴰⵎ (Momo the Monster) – ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ
# ⵏⵉⵜⴰⵢⵡⵓ (Nittaewo) – ⵙⵔⵉⵍⴰⵏⴽⴰ
# ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙ (Orang Mawas) – ⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵢⴰ
# ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⴱⵉⵏⴷⵉⴽ (Orang Pendek) – ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ
# ⵙⵉⵙⵉⵎⵉⵜⵓ (Sisimito) – ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ
# ⴰⴱⴹⵓⴹ-ⵙⴽⵓⵏⴽ (Skunk ape) – ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ
# ⵓⵔⴰⵢⵓⵍⵉ (Urayuli) – ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ, ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ
# ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵡⵃⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵏⴰⴼⵉⴷⴰⴷ (Wild Man of the Navidad) – ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ (ⵜⵉⴽⵙⴰⵙ)
# ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ (Yeren) – ⵛⵛⵉⵏⵡⴰ
# ⵢⵉⵜⵉ (Yeti) – ⴰⵙⵢⴰ
# ⵢⵓⵡⵉ (Yowie) – ⵓⵙⵜⵔⴰⵍⵢⴰ

== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>197932</id>
      <parentid>197931</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-28T01:35:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aɣaras iḍlan</username>
        <id>211</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* ⵜⴰⵙⵙⴼⵉⴼⵜ ⵏ Patterson–Gimlin */</comment>
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      <text bytes="45415" sha1="iyv6ykxux4pj4fd1w3ixwi123xu3s2p" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ]], ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⴰ|ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]], ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]] [[ⴰⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ|ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ]] ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ|ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ]], ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ|ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ]] ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ|ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ|ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ [[ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ]] ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ|ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ]] ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ|ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ]] ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴷ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ]] &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ [[ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ]] [[ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ|ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ]] ⵏ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ]], ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ]] ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ '''ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ [[ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ|ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ]] (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ [[ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ|ⵜⵖⵣⵉ]] ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ [[ⵉⴷⴷⵓ|ⵉⴷⴷⴰ]] (ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ [[ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ]] (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ|ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ]] ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ [[ⴰⵍⵍⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵖ|ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ]] ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ|ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ]] ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ (ⵜⵉⵡⵡⴰⴽ), ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ [[ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳ|ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ]], ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ''', ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ '''ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ [[ⵜⵉⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ|ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔ|ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⴱⴰⵢⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵙⴼⵉⵡ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵙ &quot;ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵓⴳⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Goodavage&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Goodavage |first=Maria |title=Hunt for Bigfoot Attracts True Believers |newspaper=USA Today |date=May 24, 1996 |url=http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314183111/http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot;, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵣⵔⵓⴳ (ⴰⴼⵓⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ) ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴷⵓⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mil07&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Meldrum |first=Jeff |title=Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science |publisher=Macmillan |year=2007 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50 |access-date=February 19, 2010 |isbn=978-0-7653-1217-4 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154000/https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50#v=snippet&amp;q=salish%20sasquatch&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵯⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴹⵓⵥⵏⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴱⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵙⵍⴰⴷ ⵓⴷⵎ, ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ (ⴷ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴼⴰⴷⴷⵏ, ⵉⵖⵎⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ) ⵖⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Forth |first1=Gregory |title=Images of the Wildman Inside and Outside Europe |journal=Folklore |date=2007 |volume=118 |issue=3 |pages=261–281 |doi=10.1080/00155870701621772|s2cid=161789895 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg|thumb|left|ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵔⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⴰ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ (Tulare County, ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵕⵏⵢⴰ). ]]

ⵖ ⵓⴳⵯⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴷⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵟⵓⵍⵉ (Tule River Indian Reservation), ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵙⵉⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵢⵓⴽⵓⵜⵙ&quot; (Yokuts) ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵏ &quot;ⴰⵥⵕⵓ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ&quot; (Painted Rock), ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⴰⵡⵉⵜⵣ ⵙⵜⵔⴰⵢⵏ (Kathy Moskowitz Strain), ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2008 ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ &quot;ⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ, ⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⴱⴰⵍⵏ, ⵉⵖⵥⵏⴰⵏ: ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵖ ⵜⵡⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵚⵍⵉⵢⵜ&quot;, ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ&quot; (the Family).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Was Big Foot at the Reservation? |url=https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |website=recorderonline.com |publisher=[[Porterville Recorder]] |access-date=May 10, 2021 |date=November 14, 2013 |archive-date=May 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510205236/https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot; (ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴽ ⴷⴰⵜⴰⵜ), ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴹⴽⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ 1,000 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Moskowitz Strain |first1=Kathy |title=MAYAK DATAT: THE HAIRY MAN PICTOGRAPHS |url=https://www.isu.edu/media/libraries/rhi/research-papers/Mayak-Datat-Hairy-Man-Pictographs-1.pdf |website=isu.edu |publisher=THE RELICT HOMINOID INQUIRY |access-date=March 11, 2024 |date=2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵏⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵉⵚⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 16 ⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ &quot;ⵉⵏⵎⵎⵓⵜⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⴰⵙ&quot; (Dark Watchers), ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴼ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵍⴳⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵖ ⵢⵉⴹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Almond |first1=Elliott |title=Trekking California's mysterious Bigfoot trail |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |access-date=February 3, 2022 |agency=[[The Mercury News]] |date=January 31, 2022 |archive-date=February 2, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202203836/https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙⵉⴱⵉ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵇⵏⵉⵙ ⴰⵄⵉⵙⴰⵡ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵜⵛⵉⵣ (Natchez) ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1721, ⵢⵓⵍⵙ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵖⵓⵢⵢⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵊⴼⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Grayson |first1=Walt |title=Focused on Mississippi: &quot;Bigfoot Bash&quot; to be held in Natchez on November 4th |url=https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |website=wjtv.com |publisher=[[WJTV]] |access-date=November 26, 2021 |date=November 1, 2021 |archive-date=November 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126200318/https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵛⵉⵔⵓⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵜⵙⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵍⵓ (Tsul 'Kalu), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵙⵉⵔⵡⵉⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷ &quot;ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⴽⵏⴰⵏⵉⵏ&quot; ⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵍⴰⵛ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Lee |first1=D.W. |date=December 29, 2023 |title=IN THE SHADOWS: The legend of Judaculla, the Cherokee Devil |url=https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131172842/https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |archive-date=January 31, 2024 |access-date=January 31, 2024 |website=stilwelldemocrat.com |publisher=The Stilwell Democrat Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⵓⵜⵉⵇ (Alutiiq) ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵏⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵍⵙⵏ ⴼ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ (Nantinaq), ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵡ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Armstrong |first1=Michael |title=New reality-TV show explores Nantinaq stories |url=https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |website=peninsulaclarion.com |publisher=[[Peninsula Clarion]] |access-date=December 6, 2023 |date=December 15, 2021 |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207180709/https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⵍⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⴰⴼⵣⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵉⵙⴽⵓⴼⵔⵉ+ « Alaskan Killer Bigfoot » (ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴱⵉ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ. ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵔⵜⵍⵓⴽ (Portlock) ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 1940.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=November 30, 2021|title=New Show Set in Portlock Explores Legend of Bigfoot|url=https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|access-date=December 6, 2023|website=KBBI AM 890|language=en|archive-date=February 12, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240212085035/https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵎⵎⴰⵎⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵙⵙⵉⵡⵉⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⵓⵏⵛⴽⴰⵏⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⴰⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⴽⴰⵏⴰ ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1840. ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵣⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⴱⵛⵛⵉⵔ ⴰⴱⵔⵓⵜⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ, ⵉⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⴷⵖⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵙⴱⵓⴽⴰⵏ (Spokane), ⵡⴰⵛⵉⵏⵟⵓⵏ. ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴼⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵍⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⵯⵎⴰⵔⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |title=The Diary of Elkanah Walker |publisher=Bigfoot Encounters |access-date=August 1, 2007 |archive-date=October 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007085252/http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵜⴰⵙⵙⴼⵉⴼⵜ ⵏ Patterson–Gimlin ==
[[File:Bigfoot - Patterson–Gimlin Film - Stabilized - 10-20-1967.webm|thumb|ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵓⵣⴳⴰⵏ ⵙⵖ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ]]

ⴳ 20 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1967, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵕⵓⵊⵔ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ (Roger Patterson) ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ &quot;ⴱⵓⴱ&quot; ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (Robert &quot;Bob&quot; Gimlin) ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵡⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ docudrama ⴼ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⴰⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⴱⵍⴰⴼ ⴽⵔⵉⴽ&quot; (Bluff Creek) ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵔⵏⵢⴰ. ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵎⵏⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙⵙⵓⵍⴼⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ. ⴰⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵍⴰ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ 59.5 ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵖⵏ (ⵜⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ–ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (PGF), ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ. ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ (PGF) ⵙⵓⵍ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵚⴽⴽⵕⴹⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⵙⵉⵏ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵏⵙⴳⵎⴰⵢ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Rosman |first1=John |title=Film Introducing Bigfoot To World Still Mysterious 50 Years Later |url=https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518145245/https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |archive-date=May 18, 2019 |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=opb.org |publisher=[[Oregon Public Broadcasting]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵡⵣⵣⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵣⴷⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |title=Bigfoot Exposed: An Anthropologist Examines America's Enduring Legend |date=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=978-0-7591-1523-1 |page=108 |access-date=December 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002435/https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴽⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵙⴼⵔⵓ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵏⴷⴼ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Buhs |first1=Joshua Blu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |title=Bigfoot: The Life and Times of a Legend |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-226-50215-1 |page=75 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002644/https://books.google.com/books/?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵖ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ==
ⵉⴼⵍ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot) ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵎⵣⴰⵣⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵊⵓⵔⴷⴰⵏ (Michael Jordan) ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵓⵜⴰⴳⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Donaldson |first1=Kevin |date=June 6, 2014 |title=Bigfoot: The Next Big Paranormal Pop Culture Craze? |url=https://younghollywood.com/scene/bigfoot-the-next-big-paranormal-pop-culture-craze.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412225048/https://younghollywood.com/scene/bigfoot-the-next-big-paranormal-pop-culture-craze.html |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |access-date=March 23, 2021 |publisher=[[Young Hollywood]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Daegling 2004, p. 4.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2018, ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵎⵉⵜⵙⵓⵏⵢⴰⵏ (Smithsonian): « ⴰⵍⵓⵍⵍⵓⵢ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⴽⵎ ⴰⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ».&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |date=September 2018 |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |access-date=December 14, 2020 |website=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⴳⴳⵯ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴳ 2020 ⵉⵙⴽⵏ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ 10 ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵎⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴼⵍⵙⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵉⴳⴰ « ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵉⴷⴷⵔⵏ, ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ».&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Brode |first1=Noah |date=May 11, 2020 |title=Bigfoot is Real (For 11% of U.S. Adults) |url=https://civicscience.com/bigfoot-is-real-for-11-of-u-s-adults/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410121821/https://civicscience.com/bigfoot-is-real-for-11-of-u-s-adults/ |archive-date=April 10, 2021 |access-date=March 23, 2021 |website=civicscience.com |publisher=CivicScience}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵖ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵣⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 2023, ⵉⵡⴰⵍⵉⵡⵏ &quot;Bigfoot&quot; ⴷ &quot;Sasquatch&quot; ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⴳⴳⵍ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 200,000 ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 660,000 ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Fechino |first1=Ashlee |date=May 2, 2023 |title=Myths and Legends: The Most Popular Cryptids in Every US State |url=https://wealthofgeeks.com/cryptids/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930215434/https://wealthofgeeks.com/cryptids/ |archive-date=September 30, 2023 |access-date=September 13, 2023 |website=wealthofgeeks.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2025, ⵜⵉⵡⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵓⵏⵉⴽⵓⴷ (Unicode Consortium) ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵊⵉ (emoji) ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵎⵉ ⵙⵎⵍⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴱⵓ ⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Campbell |first1=Ian Carlos |date=July 21, 2025 |title=Unicode's new emoji refuses to put respect on Bigfoot's name |url=https://www.engadget.com/mobile/unicodes-new-emoji-refuses-to-put-respect-on-bigfoots-name-184412935.html |access-date=July 28, 2025 |website=engadget.com |publisher=Engadget}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ==

# ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ (Almas) – ⴰⵙⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ (ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵙⵢⴰ)
# ⴰⵎ ⴼⵉⵔ ⵍⵢⴰⵜ ⵎⵓⵔ (Am Fear Liath Mòr) – ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ
# ⴰⵎⵓⵎⵓⵏⴳⵓ (Amomongo) – ⵍⴼⵉⵍⵉⴱⵉⵏ
# ⴱⴰⵔⵎⴰⵏⵓ (Barmanou) – ⴰⴼⵖⴰⵏⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ / ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ
# ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ-ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵏ ⴱⵓⴽⵉⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵀ (Bukit Timah Monkey Man) – ⵙⵉⵏⵖⴰⴼⵓⵔⴰ
# ⵉⴱⵓ ⴳⵓⴳⵓ (Ebu Gogo) – ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ
# ⴰⵡⴰⵃⵛ ⵏ ⴼⵓⴽ (Fouke Monster) – ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ
# ⵀⵉⴱⴰⴳⵓⵏ (Hibagon) – ⵍⵢⴰⴱⴰⵏ
# ⵎⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⴱⴰⵔⵓⵏⴳ (Mande Barung) – ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ
# ⵎⵉⵙⵜⴰⴱⵉⵡ (Mistapew) – ⵜⵉⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ
# ⵜⵉⵍⴳⵓⵏⴽⵉⵢⵉⵏ (Algonquin) ⵎⵓⵎⵓ ⴷ ⴰⵏⵥⴹⴰⵎ (Momo the Monster) – ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ
# ⵏⵉⵜⴰⵢⵡⵓ (Nittaewo) – ⵙⵔⵉⵍⴰⵏⴽⴰ
# ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙ (Orang Mawas) – ⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵢⴰ
# ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⴱⵉⵏⴷⵉⴽ (Orang Pendek) – ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ
# ⵙⵉⵙⵉⵎⵉⵜⵓ (Sisimito) – ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ
# ⴰⴱⴹⵓⴹ-ⵙⴽⵓⵏⴽ (Skunk ape) – ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ
# ⵓⵔⴰⵢⵓⵍⵉ (Urayuli) – ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ, ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ
# ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵡⵃⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵏⴰⴼⵉⴷⴰⴷ (Wild Man of the Navidad) – ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ (ⵜⵉⴽⵙⴰⵙ)
# ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ (Yeren) – ⵛⵛⵉⵏⵡⴰ
# ⵢⵉⵜⵉ (Yeti) – ⴰⵙⵢⴰ
# ⵢⵓⵡⵉ (Yowie) – ⵓⵙⵜⵔⴰⵍⵢⴰ

== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
      <sha1>iyv6ykxux4pj4fd1w3ixwi123xu3s2p</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>197933</id>
      <parentid>197932</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-28T01:38:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aɣaras iḍlan</username>
        <id>211</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>197933</origin>
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      <text bytes="45446" sha1="t80psgsmt52xyf30tg1s1lbfjjvxacp" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ]], ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⴰ|ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]], ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]] [[ⴰⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ|ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ]] ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ|ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ]], ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ|ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ]] ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ|ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ|ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ [[ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ]] ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ|ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ]] ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ|ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ]] ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴷ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ]] &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ [[ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ]] [[ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ|ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ]] ⵏ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ]], ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ]] ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ '''ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ [[ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ|ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ]] (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ [[ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ|ⵜⵖⵣⵉ]] ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ [[ⵉⴷⴷⵓ|ⵉⴷⴷⴰ]] (ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ [[ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ]] (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ|ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ]] ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ [[ⴰⵍⵍⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵖ|ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ]] ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ|ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ]] ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ (ⵜⵉⵡⵡⴰⴽ), ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ [[ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳ|ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ]], ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ''', ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ '''ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ [[ⵜⵉⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ|ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔ|ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⴱⴰⵢⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵙⴼⵉⵡ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵙ &quot;ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵓⴳⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Goodavage&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Goodavage |first=Maria |title=Hunt for Bigfoot Attracts True Believers |newspaper=USA Today |date=May 24, 1996 |url=http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314183111/http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot;, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵣⵔⵓⴳ (ⴰⴼⵓⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ) ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴷⵓⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mil07&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Meldrum |first=Jeff |title=Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science |publisher=Macmillan |year=2007 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50 |access-date=February 19, 2010 |isbn=978-0-7653-1217-4 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154000/https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50#v=snippet&amp;q=salish%20sasquatch&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵯⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴹⵓⵥⵏⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴱⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵙⵍⴰⴷ ⵓⴷⵎ, ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ (ⴷ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴼⴰⴷⴷⵏ, ⵉⵖⵎⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ) ⵖⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Forth |first1=Gregory |title=Images of the Wildman Inside and Outside Europe |journal=Folklore |date=2007 |volume=118 |issue=3 |pages=261–281 |doi=10.1080/00155870701621772|s2cid=161789895 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg|thumb|left|ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵔⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⴰ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ (Tulare County, ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵕⵏⵢⴰ). ]]

ⵖ ⵓⴳⵯⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴷⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵟⵓⵍⵉ (Tule River Indian Reservation), ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵙⵉⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵢⵓⴽⵓⵜⵙ&quot; (Yokuts) ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵏ &quot;ⴰⵥⵕⵓ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ&quot; (Painted Rock), ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⴰⵡⵉⵜⵣ ⵙⵜⵔⴰⵢⵏ (Kathy Moskowitz Strain), ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2008 ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ &quot;ⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ, ⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⴱⴰⵍⵏ, ⵉⵖⵥⵏⴰⵏ: ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵖ ⵜⵡⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵚⵍⵉⵢⵜ&quot;, ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ&quot; (the Family).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Was Big Foot at the Reservation? |url=https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |website=recorderonline.com |publisher=[[Porterville Recorder]] |access-date=May 10, 2021 |date=November 14, 2013 |archive-date=May 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510205236/https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot; (ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴽ ⴷⴰⵜⴰⵜ), ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴹⴽⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ 1,000 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Moskowitz Strain |first1=Kathy |title=MAYAK DATAT: THE HAIRY MAN PICTOGRAPHS |url=https://www.isu.edu/media/libraries/rhi/research-papers/Mayak-Datat-Hairy-Man-Pictographs-1.pdf |website=isu.edu |publisher=THE RELICT HOMINOID INQUIRY |access-date=March 11, 2024 |date=2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵏⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵉⵚⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 16 ⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ &quot;ⵉⵏⵎⵎⵓⵜⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⴰⵙ&quot; (Dark Watchers), ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴼ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵍⴳⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵖ ⵢⵉⴹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Almond |first1=Elliott |title=Trekking California's mysterious Bigfoot trail |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |access-date=February 3, 2022 |agency=[[The Mercury News]] |date=January 31, 2022 |archive-date=February 2, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202203836/https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙⵉⴱⵉ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵇⵏⵉⵙ ⴰⵄⵉⵙⴰⵡ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵜⵛⵉⵣ (Natchez) ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1721, ⵢⵓⵍⵙ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵖⵓⵢⵢⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵊⴼⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Grayson |first1=Walt |title=Focused on Mississippi: &quot;Bigfoot Bash&quot; to be held in Natchez on November 4th |url=https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |website=wjtv.com |publisher=[[WJTV]] |access-date=November 26, 2021 |date=November 1, 2021 |archive-date=November 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126200318/https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵛⵉⵔⵓⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵜⵙⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵍⵓ (Tsul 'Kalu), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵙⵉⵔⵡⵉⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷ &quot;ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⴽⵏⴰⵏⵉⵏ&quot; ⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵍⴰⵛ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Lee |first1=D.W. |date=December 29, 2023 |title=IN THE SHADOWS: The legend of Judaculla, the Cherokee Devil |url=https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131172842/https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |archive-date=January 31, 2024 |access-date=January 31, 2024 |website=stilwelldemocrat.com |publisher=The Stilwell Democrat Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⵓⵜⵉⵇ (Alutiiq) ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵏⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵍⵙⵏ ⴼ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ (Nantinaq), ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵡ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Armstrong |first1=Michael |title=New reality-TV show explores Nantinaq stories |url=https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |website=peninsulaclarion.com |publisher=[[Peninsula Clarion]] |access-date=December 6, 2023 |date=December 15, 2021 |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207180709/https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⵍⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⴰⴼⵣⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵉⵙⴽⵓⴼⵔⵉ+ « Alaskan Killer Bigfoot » (ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴱⵉ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ. ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵔⵜⵍⵓⴽ (Portlock) ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 1940.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=November 30, 2021|title=New Show Set in Portlock Explores Legend of Bigfoot|url=https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|access-date=December 6, 2023|website=KBBI AM 890|language=en|archive-date=February 12, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240212085035/https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵎⵎⴰⵎⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵙⵙⵉⵡⵉⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⵓⵏⵛⴽⴰⵏⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⴰⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⴽⴰⵏⴰ ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1840. ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵣⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⴱⵛⵛⵉⵔ ⴰⴱⵔⵓⵜⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ, ⵉⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⴷⵖⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵙⴱⵓⴽⴰⵏ (Spokane), ⵡⴰⵛⵉⵏⵟⵓⵏ. ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴼⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵍⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⵯⵎⴰⵔⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |title=The Diary of Elkanah Walker |publisher=Bigfoot Encounters |access-date=August 1, 2007 |archive-date=October 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007085252/http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵜⴰⵙⵙⴼⵉⴼⵜ ⵏ Patterson–Gimlin ==
[[File:Bigfoot - Patterson–Gimlin Film - Stabilized - 10-20-1967.webm|thumb|ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵓⵣⴳⴰⵏ ⵙⵖ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ]]

ⴳ 20 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1967, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵕⵓⵊⵔ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ (Roger Patterson) ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ &quot;ⴱⵓⴱ&quot; ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (Robert &quot;Bob&quot; Gimlin) ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵡⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ docudrama ⴼ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⴰⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⴱⵍⴰⴼ ⴽⵔⵉⴽ&quot; (Bluff Creek) ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵔⵏⵢⴰ. ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵎⵏⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙⵙⵓⵍⴼⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ. ⴰⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵍⴰ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ 59.5 ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵖⵏ (ⵜⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ–ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (PGF), ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ. ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ (PGF) ⵙⵓⵍ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵚⴽⴽⵕⴹⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⵙⵉⵏ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵏⵙⴳⵎⴰⵢ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Rosman |first1=John |title=Film Introducing Bigfoot To World Still Mysterious 50 Years Later |url=https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518145245/https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |archive-date=May 18, 2019 |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=opb.org |publisher=[[Oregon Public Broadcasting]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵡⵣⵣⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵣⴷⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |title=Bigfoot Exposed: An Anthropologist Examines America's Enduring Legend |date=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=978-0-7591-1523-1 |page=108 |access-date=December 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002435/https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴽⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵙⴼⵔⵓ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵏⴷⴼ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Buhs |first1=Joshua Blu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |title=Bigfoot: The Life and Times of a Legend |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-226-50215-1 |page=75 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002644/https://books.google.com/books/?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵖ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ==
ⵉⴼⵍ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot) ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵎⵣⴰⵣⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵊⵓⵔⴷⴰⵏ (Michael Jordan) ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵓⵜⴰⴳⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Donaldson |first1=Kevin |date=June 6, 2014 |title=Bigfoot: The Next Big Paranormal Pop Culture Craze? |url=https://younghollywood.com/scene/bigfoot-the-next-big-paranormal-pop-culture-craze.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412225048/https://younghollywood.com/scene/bigfoot-the-next-big-paranormal-pop-culture-craze.html |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |access-date=March 23, 2021 |publisher=[[Young Hollywood]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Daegling 2004, p. 4.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2018, ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵎⵉⵜⵙⵓⵏⵢⴰⵏ (Smithsonian): « ⴰⵍⵓⵍⵍⵓⵢ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⴽⵎ ⴰⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ».&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |date=September 2018 |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |access-date=December 14, 2020 |website=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⴳⴳⵯ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴳ 2020 ⵉⵙⴽⵏ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ 10 ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵎⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴼⵍⵙⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵉⴳⴰ « ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵉⴷⴷⵔⵏ, ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ».&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Brode |first1=Noah |date=May 11, 2020 |title=Bigfoot is Real (For 11% of U.S. Adults) |url=https://civicscience.com/bigfoot-is-real-for-11-of-u-s-adults/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410121821/https://civicscience.com/bigfoot-is-real-for-11-of-u-s-adults/ |archive-date=April 10, 2021 |access-date=March 23, 2021 |website=civicscience.com |publisher=CivicScience}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵖ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵣⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 2023, ⵉⵡⴰⵍⵉⵡⵏ &quot;Bigfoot&quot; ⴷ &quot;Sasquatch&quot; ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⴳⴳⵍ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 200,000 ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 660,000 ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Fechino |first1=Ashlee |date=May 2, 2023 |title=Myths and Legends: The Most Popular Cryptids in Every US State |url=https://wealthofgeeks.com/cryptids/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930215434/https://wealthofgeeks.com/cryptids/ |archive-date=September 30, 2023 |access-date=September 13, 2023 |website=wealthofgeeks.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2025, ⵜⵉⵡⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵓⵏⵉⴽⵓⴷ (Unicode Consortium) ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵊⵉ (emoji) ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵎⵉ ⵙⵎⵍⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴱⵓ ⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Campbell |first1=Ian Carlos |date=July 21, 2025 |title=Unicode's new emoji refuses to put respect on Bigfoot's name |url=https://www.engadget.com/mobile/unicodes-new-emoji-refuses-to-put-respect-on-bigfoots-name-184412935.html |access-date=July 28, 2025 |website=engadget.com |publisher=Engadget}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ==

# ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ (Almas) – ⴰⵙⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ (ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵙⵢⴰ)
# ⴰⵎ ⴼⵉⵔ ⵍⵢⴰⵜ ⵎⵓⵔ (Am Fear Liath Mòr) – ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ
# ⴰⵎⵓⵎⵓⵏⴳⵓ (Amomongo) – ⵍⴼⵉⵍⵉⴱⵉⵏ
# ⴱⴰⵔⵎⴰⵏⵓ (Barmanou) – ⴰⴼⵖⴰⵏⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ / ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ
# ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ-ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵏ ⴱⵓⴽⵉⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵀ (Bukit Timah Monkey Man) – ⵙⵉⵏⵖⴰⴼⵓⵔⴰ
# ⵉⴱⵓ ⴳⵓⴳⵓ (Ebu Gogo) – ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ
# ⴰⵡⴰⵃⵛ ⵏ ⴼⵓⴽ (Fouke Monster) – ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ
# ⵀⵉⴱⴰⴳⵓⵏ (Hibagon) – ⵍⵢⴰⴱⴰⵏ
# ⵎⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⴱⴰⵔⵓⵏⴳ (Mande Barung) – ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ
# ⵎⵉⵙⵜⴰⴱⵉⵡ (Mistapew) – ⵜⵉⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ
# ⵜⵉⵍⴳⵓⵏⴽⵉⵢⵉⵏ (Algonquin) ⵎⵓⵎⵓ ⴷ ⴰⵏⵥⴹⴰⵎ (Momo the Monster) – ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ
# ⵏⵉⵜⴰⵢⵡⵓ (Nittaewo) – ⵙⵔⵉⵍⴰⵏⴽⴰ
# ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙ (Orang Mawas) – ⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵢⴰ
# ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⴱⵉⵏⴷⵉⴽ (Orang Pendek) – ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ
# ⵙⵉⵙⵉⵎⵉⵜⵓ (Sisimito) – ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ
# ⴰⴱⴹⵓⴹ-ⵙⴽⵓⵏⴽ (Skunk ape) – ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ
# ⵓⵔⴰⵢⵓⵍⵉ (Urayuli) – ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ, ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ
# ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⴹⵓⵥⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵡⵢⵃⵛⵉ (Wild Man of the Navidad) – ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ (ⵜⵉⴽⵙⴰⵙ)
# ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ (Yeren) – ⵛⵛⵉⵏⵡⴰ
# ⵢⵉⵜⵉ (Yeti) – ⴰⵙⵢⴰ
# ⵢⵓⵡⵉ (Yowie) – ⵓⵙⵜⵔⴰⵍⵢⴰ

== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
      <sha1>t80psgsmt52xyf30tg1s1lbfjjvxacp</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>197934</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Aɣaras iḍlan</username>
        <id>211</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ */</comment>
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      <text bytes="45822" sha1="h9mct4r16jqw6k6cpumajsgwhr56y88" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ]], ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⴰ|ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]], ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]] [[ⴰⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ|ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ]] ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ|ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ]], ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ|ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ]] ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ|ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ|ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ [[ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ]] ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ|ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ]] ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ|ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ]] ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴷ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ]] &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ [[ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ]] [[ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ|ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ]] ⵏ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ]], ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ]] ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ '''ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ [[ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ|ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ]] (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ [[ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ|ⵜⵖⵣⵉ]] ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ [[ⵉⴷⴷⵓ|ⵉⴷⴷⴰ]] (ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ [[ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ]] (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ|ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ]] ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ [[ⴰⵍⵍⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵖ|ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ]] ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ|ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ]] ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ (ⵜⵉⵡⵡⴰⴽ), ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ [[ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳ|ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ]], ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ''', ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ '''ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ [[ⵜⵉⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ|ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔ|ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⴱⴰⵢⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵙⴼⵉⵡ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵙ &quot;ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵓⴳⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Goodavage&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Goodavage |first=Maria |title=Hunt for Bigfoot Attracts True Believers |newspaper=USA Today |date=May 24, 1996 |url=http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314183111/http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot;, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵣⵔⵓⴳ (ⴰⴼⵓⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ) ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴷⵓⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mil07&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Meldrum |first=Jeff |title=Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science |publisher=Macmillan |year=2007 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50 |access-date=February 19, 2010 |isbn=978-0-7653-1217-4 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154000/https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50#v=snippet&amp;q=salish%20sasquatch&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵯⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴹⵓⵥⵏⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴱⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵙⵍⴰⴷ ⵓⴷⵎ, ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ (ⴷ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴼⴰⴷⴷⵏ, ⵉⵖⵎⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ) ⵖⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Forth |first1=Gregory |title=Images of the Wildman Inside and Outside Europe |journal=Folklore |date=2007 |volume=118 |issue=3 |pages=261–281 |doi=10.1080/00155870701621772|s2cid=161789895 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg|thumb|left|ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵔⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⴰ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ (Tulare County, ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵕⵏⵢⴰ). ]]

ⵖ ⵓⴳⵯⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴷⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵟⵓⵍⵉ (Tule River Indian Reservation), ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵙⵉⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵢⵓⴽⵓⵜⵙ&quot; (Yokuts) ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵏ &quot;ⴰⵥⵕⵓ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ&quot; (Painted Rock), ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⴰⵡⵉⵜⵣ ⵙⵜⵔⴰⵢⵏ (Kathy Moskowitz Strain), ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2008 ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ &quot;ⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ, ⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⴱⴰⵍⵏ, ⵉⵖⵥⵏⴰⵏ: ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵖ ⵜⵡⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵚⵍⵉⵢⵜ&quot;, ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ&quot; (the Family).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Was Big Foot at the Reservation? |url=https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |website=recorderonline.com |publisher=[[Porterville Recorder]] |access-date=May 10, 2021 |date=November 14, 2013 |archive-date=May 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510205236/https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot; (ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴽ ⴷⴰⵜⴰⵜ), ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴹⴽⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ 1,000 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Moskowitz Strain |first1=Kathy |title=MAYAK DATAT: THE HAIRY MAN PICTOGRAPHS |url=https://www.isu.edu/media/libraries/rhi/research-papers/Mayak-Datat-Hairy-Man-Pictographs-1.pdf |website=isu.edu |publisher=THE RELICT HOMINOID INQUIRY |access-date=March 11, 2024 |date=2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵏⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵉⵚⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 16 ⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ &quot;ⵉⵏⵎⵎⵓⵜⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⴰⵙ&quot; (Dark Watchers), ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴼ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵍⴳⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵖ ⵢⵉⴹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Almond |first1=Elliott |title=Trekking California's mysterious Bigfoot trail |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |access-date=February 3, 2022 |agency=[[The Mercury News]] |date=January 31, 2022 |archive-date=February 2, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202203836/https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙⵉⴱⵉ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵇⵏⵉⵙ ⴰⵄⵉⵙⴰⵡ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵜⵛⵉⵣ (Natchez) ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1721, ⵢⵓⵍⵙ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵖⵓⵢⵢⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵊⴼⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Grayson |first1=Walt |title=Focused on Mississippi: &quot;Bigfoot Bash&quot; to be held in Natchez on November 4th |url=https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |website=wjtv.com |publisher=[[WJTV]] |access-date=November 26, 2021 |date=November 1, 2021 |archive-date=November 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126200318/https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵛⵉⵔⵓⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵜⵙⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵍⵓ (Tsul 'Kalu), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵙⵉⵔⵡⵉⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷ &quot;ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⴽⵏⴰⵏⵉⵏ&quot; ⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵍⴰⵛ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Lee |first1=D.W. |date=December 29, 2023 |title=IN THE SHADOWS: The legend of Judaculla, the Cherokee Devil |url=https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131172842/https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |archive-date=January 31, 2024 |access-date=January 31, 2024 |website=stilwelldemocrat.com |publisher=The Stilwell Democrat Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⵓⵜⵉⵇ (Alutiiq) ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵏⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵍⵙⵏ ⴼ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ (Nantinaq), ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵡ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Armstrong |first1=Michael |title=New reality-TV show explores Nantinaq stories |url=https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |website=peninsulaclarion.com |publisher=[[Peninsula Clarion]] |access-date=December 6, 2023 |date=December 15, 2021 |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207180709/https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⵍⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⴰⴼⵣⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵉⵙⴽⵓⴼⵔⵉ+ « Alaskan Killer Bigfoot » (ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴱⵉ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ. ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵔⵜⵍⵓⴽ (Portlock) ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 1940.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=November 30, 2021|title=New Show Set in Portlock Explores Legend of Bigfoot|url=https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|access-date=December 6, 2023|website=KBBI AM 890|language=en|archive-date=February 12, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240212085035/https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵎⵎⴰⵎⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵙⵙⵉⵡⵉⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⵓⵏⵛⴽⴰⵏⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⴰⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⴽⴰⵏⴰ ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1840. ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵣⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⴱⵛⵛⵉⵔ ⴰⴱⵔⵓⵜⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ, ⵉⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⴷⵖⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵙⴱⵓⴽⴰⵏ (Spokane), ⵡⴰⵛⵉⵏⵟⵓⵏ. ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴼⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵍⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⵯⵎⴰⵔⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |title=The Diary of Elkanah Walker |publisher=Bigfoot Encounters |access-date=August 1, 2007 |archive-date=October 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007085252/http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵜⴰⵙⵙⴼⵉⴼⵜ ⵏ Patterson–Gimlin ==
[[File:Bigfoot - Patterson–Gimlin Film - Stabilized - 10-20-1967.webm|thumb|ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵓⵣⴳⴰⵏ ⵙⵖ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ]]

ⴳ 20 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1967, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵕⵓⵊⵔ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ (Roger Patterson) ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ &quot;ⴱⵓⴱ&quot; ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (Robert &quot;Bob&quot; Gimlin) ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵡⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ docudrama ⴼ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⴰⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⴱⵍⴰⴼ ⴽⵔⵉⴽ&quot; (Bluff Creek) ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵔⵏⵢⴰ. ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵎⵏⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙⵙⵓⵍⴼⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ. ⴰⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵍⴰ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ 59.5 ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵖⵏ (ⵜⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ–ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (PGF), ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ. ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ (PGF) ⵙⵓⵍ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵚⴽⴽⵕⴹⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⵙⵉⵏ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵏⵙⴳⵎⴰⵢ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Rosman |first1=John |title=Film Introducing Bigfoot To World Still Mysterious 50 Years Later |url=https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518145245/https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |archive-date=May 18, 2019 |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=opb.org |publisher=[[Oregon Public Broadcasting]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵡⵣⵣⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵣⴷⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |title=Bigfoot Exposed: An Anthropologist Examines America's Enduring Legend |date=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=978-0-7591-1523-1 |page=108 |access-date=December 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002435/https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴽⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵙⴼⵔⵓ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵏⴷⴼ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Buhs |first1=Joshua Blu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |title=Bigfoot: The Life and Times of a Legend |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-226-50215-1 |page=75 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002644/https://books.google.com/books/?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵖ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ==
ⵉⴼⵍ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot) ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵎⵣⴰⵣⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵊⵓⵔⴷⴰⵏ (Michael Jordan) ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵓⵜⴰⴳⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Donaldson |first1=Kevin |date=June 6, 2014 |title=Bigfoot: The Next Big Paranormal Pop Culture Craze? |url=https://younghollywood.com/scene/bigfoot-the-next-big-paranormal-pop-culture-craze.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412225048/https://younghollywood.com/scene/bigfoot-the-next-big-paranormal-pop-culture-craze.html |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |access-date=March 23, 2021 |publisher=[[Young Hollywood]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Daegling 2004, p. 4.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2018, ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵎⵉⵜⵙⵓⵏⵢⴰⵏ (Smithsonian): « ⴰⵍⵓⵍⵍⵓⵢ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⴽⵎ ⴰⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ».&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |date=September 2018 |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |access-date=December 14, 2020 |website=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⴳⴳⵯ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴳ 2020 ⵉⵙⴽⵏ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ 10 ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵎⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴼⵍⵙⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵉⴳⴰ « ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵉⴷⴷⵔⵏ, ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ».&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Brode |first1=Noah |date=May 11, 2020 |title=Bigfoot is Real (For 11% of U.S. Adults) |url=https://civicscience.com/bigfoot-is-real-for-11-of-u-s-adults/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410121821/https://civicscience.com/bigfoot-is-real-for-11-of-u-s-adults/ |archive-date=April 10, 2021 |access-date=March 23, 2021 |website=civicscience.com |publisher=CivicScience}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵖ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵣⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 2023, ⵉⵡⴰⵍⵉⵡⵏ &quot;Bigfoot&quot; ⴷ &quot;Sasquatch&quot; ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⴳⴳⵍ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 200,000 ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 660,000 ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Fechino |first1=Ashlee |date=May 2, 2023 |title=Myths and Legends: The Most Popular Cryptids in Every US State |url=https://wealthofgeeks.com/cryptids/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930215434/https://wealthofgeeks.com/cryptids/ |archive-date=September 30, 2023 |access-date=September 13, 2023 |website=wealthofgeeks.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2025, ⵜⵉⵡⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵓⵏⵉⴽⵓⴷ (Unicode Consortium) ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵊⵉ (emoji) ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵎⵉ ⵙⵎⵍⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴱⵓ ⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Campbell |first1=Ian Carlos |date=July 21, 2025 |title=Unicode's new emoji refuses to put respect on Bigfoot's name |url=https://www.engadget.com/mobile/unicodes-new-emoji-refuses-to-put-respect-on-bigfoots-name-184412935.html |access-date=July 28, 2025 |website=engadget.com |publisher=Engadget}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ==

# ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ (Almas) – [[ⴰⵙⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ]] (ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵙⵢⴰ)
# ⴰⵎ ⴼⵉⵔ ⵍⵢⴰⵜ ⵎⵓⵔ (Am Fear Liath Mòr) – [[ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]]
# ⴰⵎⵓⵎⵓⵏⴳⵓ (Amomongo) – [[ⴼⵉⵍⵉⴱⵉⵏ]]
# ⴱⴰⵔⵎⴰⵏⵓ (Barmanou) – [[ⴰⴼⵖⴰⵏⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ]] / [[ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ]]
# ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ-ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵏ ⴱⵓⴽⵉⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵀ (Bukit Timah Monkey Man) – [[ⵙⵉⵏⵖⴰⴼⵓⵔⴰ]]
# ⵉⴱⵓ ⴳⵓⴳⵓ (Ebu Gogo) – [[ⴰⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ|ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ]]
# ⵜⴰⵔⵢⴰⵍ ⵏ ⴼⵓⴽⵉ (Fouke Monster) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]] ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ
# ⵀⵉⴱⴰⴳⵓⵏ (Hibagon) – [[ⵊⵊⴰⴱⴱⵓⵏ]]
# ⵎⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⴱⴰⵔⵓⵏⴳ (Mande Barung) – [[ⵀⵉⵏⴷⵓⵙⵜⴰⵏ|ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ]]
# ⵎⵉⵙⵜⴰⴱⵉⵡ (Mistapew) – ⵜⵉⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ
# ⵜⵉⵍⴳⵓⵏⴽⵉⵢⵉⵏ (Algonquin) ⵎⵓⵎⵓ ⴷ ⴰⵏⵥⴹⴰⵎ (Momo the Monster) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ]]
# ⵏⵉⵜⴰⵢⵡⵓ (Nittaewo) – [[ⵙⵔⵉ ⵍⴰⵏⴽⴰ|ⵙⵔⵉⵍⴰⵏⴽⴰ]]
# ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙ (Orang Mawas) – [[ⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵢⴰ]]
# ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⴱⵉⵏⴷⵉⴽ (Orang Pendek) – [[ⴰⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ|ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ]]
# ⵙⵉⵙⵉⵎⵉⵜⵓ (Sisimito) – [[ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ]]
# ⴰⴱⴹⵓⴹ-ⵙⴽⵓⵏⴽ (Skunk ape) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ]]
# ⵓⵔⴰⵢⵓⵍⵉ (Urayuli) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]], [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ]]
# ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⴹⵓⵥⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵡⵃⵛⵉ (Wild Man of the Navidad) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]] ([[ⵜⵉⴽⵚⴰⵚ]])
# ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ (Yeren) – [[ⵛⵛⵉⵏⵡⴰ]]
# ⵢⵉⵜⵉ (Yeti) – [[ⵜⴰⵣⵉⵜ|ⴰⵙⵢⴰ]]
# ⵢⵓⵡⵉ (Yowie) – [[ⵓⵙⵜⵔⴰⵍⵢⴰ]]

== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
      <sha1>h9mct4r16jqw6k6cpumajsgwhr56y88</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>197935</id>
      <parentid>197934</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-28T02:01:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aɣaras iḍlan</username>
        <id>211</id>
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      <text bytes="48663" sha1="b4j8xpucwycbzuoysawipfs6xxfeptc" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ]], ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⴰ|ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]], ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]] [[ⴰⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ|ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ]] ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ|ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ]], ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ|ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ]] ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ|ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ|ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ [[ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ]] ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ|ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ]] ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ|ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ]] ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴷ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ]] &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ [[ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ]] [[ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ|ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ]] ⵏ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ]], ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ]] ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ '''ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ [[ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ|ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ]] (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ [[ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ|ⵜⵖⵣⵉ]] ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ [[ⵉⴷⴷⵓ|ⵉⴷⴷⴰ]] (ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ [[ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ]] (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ|ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ]] ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ [[ⴰⵍⵍⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵖ|ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ]] ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ|ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ]] ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ (ⵜⵉⵡⵡⴰⴽ), ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ [[ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳ|ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ]], ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ''', ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ '''ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ [[ⵜⵉⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ|ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔ|ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⴱⴰⵢⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵙⴼⵉⵡ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵙ &quot;ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵓⴳⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Goodavage&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Goodavage |first=Maria |title=Hunt for Bigfoot Attracts True Believers |newspaper=USA Today |date=May 24, 1996 |url=http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314183111/http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot;, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵣⵔⵓⴳ (ⴰⴼⵓⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ) ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴷⵓⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mil07&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Meldrum |first=Jeff |title=Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science |publisher=Macmillan |year=2007 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50 |access-date=February 19, 2010 |isbn=978-0-7653-1217-4 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154000/https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50#v=snippet&amp;q=salish%20sasquatch&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵯⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴹⵓⵥⵏⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴱⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵙⵍⴰⴷ ⵓⴷⵎ, ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ (ⴷ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴼⴰⴷⴷⵏ, ⵉⵖⵎⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ) ⵖⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Forth |first1=Gregory |title=Images of the Wildman Inside and Outside Europe |journal=Folklore |date=2007 |volume=118 |issue=3 |pages=261–281 |doi=10.1080/00155870701621772|s2cid=161789895 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg|thumb|left|ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵔⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⴰ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ (Tulare County, ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵕⵏⵢⴰ). ]]

ⵖ ⵓⴳⵯⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴷⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵟⵓⵍⵉ (Tule River Indian Reservation), ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵙⵉⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵢⵓⴽⵓⵜⵙ&quot; (Yokuts) ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵏ &quot;ⴰⵥⵕⵓ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ&quot; (Painted Rock), ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⴰⵡⵉⵜⵣ ⵙⵜⵔⴰⵢⵏ (Kathy Moskowitz Strain), ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2008 ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ &quot;ⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ, ⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⴱⴰⵍⵏ, ⵉⵖⵥⵏⴰⵏ: ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵖ ⵜⵡⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵚⵍⵉⵢⵜ&quot;, ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ&quot; (the Family).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Was Big Foot at the Reservation? |url=https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |website=recorderonline.com |publisher=[[Porterville Recorder]] |access-date=May 10, 2021 |date=November 14, 2013 |archive-date=May 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510205236/https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot; (ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴽ ⴷⴰⵜⴰⵜ), ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴹⴽⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ 1,000 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Moskowitz Strain |first1=Kathy |title=MAYAK DATAT: THE HAIRY MAN PICTOGRAPHS |url=https://www.isu.edu/media/libraries/rhi/research-papers/Mayak-Datat-Hairy-Man-Pictographs-1.pdf |website=isu.edu |publisher=THE RELICT HOMINOID INQUIRY |access-date=March 11, 2024 |date=2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵏⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵉⵚⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 16 ⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ &quot;ⵉⵏⵎⵎⵓⵜⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⴰⵙ&quot; (Dark Watchers), ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴼ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵍⴳⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵖ ⵢⵉⴹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Almond |first1=Elliott |title=Trekking California's mysterious Bigfoot trail |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |access-date=February 3, 2022 |agency=[[The Mercury News]] |date=January 31, 2022 |archive-date=February 2, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202203836/https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙⵉⴱⵉ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵇⵏⵉⵙ ⴰⵄⵉⵙⴰⵡ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵜⵛⵉⵣ (Natchez) ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1721, ⵢⵓⵍⵙ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵖⵓⵢⵢⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵊⴼⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Grayson |first1=Walt |title=Focused on Mississippi: &quot;Bigfoot Bash&quot; to be held in Natchez on November 4th |url=https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |website=wjtv.com |publisher=[[WJTV]] |access-date=November 26, 2021 |date=November 1, 2021 |archive-date=November 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126200318/https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵛⵉⵔⵓⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵜⵙⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵍⵓ (Tsul 'Kalu), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵙⵉⵔⵡⵉⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷ &quot;ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⴽⵏⴰⵏⵉⵏ&quot; ⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵍⴰⵛ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Lee |first1=D.W. |date=December 29, 2023 |title=IN THE SHADOWS: The legend of Judaculla, the Cherokee Devil |url=https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131172842/https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |archive-date=January 31, 2024 |access-date=January 31, 2024 |website=stilwelldemocrat.com |publisher=The Stilwell Democrat Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⵓⵜⵉⵇ (Alutiiq) ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵏⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵍⵙⵏ ⴼ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ (Nantinaq), ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵡ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Armstrong |first1=Michael |title=New reality-TV show explores Nantinaq stories |url=https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |website=peninsulaclarion.com |publisher=[[Peninsula Clarion]] |access-date=December 6, 2023 |date=December 15, 2021 |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207180709/https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⵍⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⴰⴼⵣⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵉⵙⴽⵓⴼⵔⵉ+ « Alaskan Killer Bigfoot » (ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴱⵉ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ. ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵔⵜⵍⵓⴽ (Portlock) ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 1940.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=November 30, 2021|title=New Show Set in Portlock Explores Legend of Bigfoot|url=https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|access-date=December 6, 2023|website=KBBI AM 890|language=en|archive-date=February 12, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240212085035/https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵎⵎⴰⵎⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵙⵙⵉⵡⵉⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⵓⵏⵛⴽⴰⵏⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⴰⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⴽⴰⵏⴰ ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1840. ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵣⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⴱⵛⵛⵉⵔ ⴰⴱⵔⵓⵜⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ, ⵉⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⴷⵖⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵙⴱⵓⴽⴰⵏ (Spokane), ⵡⴰⵛⵉⵏⵟⵓⵏ. ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴼⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵍⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⵯⵎⴰⵔⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |title=The Diary of Elkanah Walker |publisher=Bigfoot Encounters |access-date=August 1, 2007 |archive-date=October 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007085252/http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵜⴰⵙⵙⴼⵉⴼⵜ ⵏ Patterson–Gimlin ==
[[File:Bigfoot - Patterson–Gimlin Film - Stabilized - 10-20-1967.webm|thumb|ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵓⵣⴳⴰⵏ ⵙⵖ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ]]

ⴳ 20 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1967, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵕⵓⵊⵔ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ (Roger Patterson) ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ &quot;ⴱⵓⴱ&quot; ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (Robert &quot;Bob&quot; Gimlin) ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵡⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ docudrama ⴼ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⴰⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⴱⵍⴰⴼ ⴽⵔⵉⴽ&quot; (Bluff Creek) ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵔⵏⵢⴰ. ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵎⵏⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙⵙⵓⵍⴼⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ. ⴰⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵍⴰ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ 59.5 ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵖⵏ (ⵜⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ–ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (PGF), ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ. ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ (PGF) ⵙⵓⵍ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵚⴽⴽⵕⴹⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⵙⵉⵏ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵏⵙⴳⵎⴰⵢ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Rosman |first1=John |title=Film Introducing Bigfoot To World Still Mysterious 50 Years Later |url=https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518145245/https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |archive-date=May 18, 2019 |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=opb.org |publisher=[[Oregon Public Broadcasting]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵡⵣⵣⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵣⴷⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |title=Bigfoot Exposed: An Anthropologist Examines America's Enduring Legend |date=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=978-0-7591-1523-1 |page=108 |access-date=December 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002435/https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴽⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵙⴼⵔⵓ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵏⴷⴼ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Buhs |first1=Joshua Blu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |title=Bigfoot: The Life and Times of a Legend |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-226-50215-1 |page=75 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002644/https://books.google.com/books/?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵕⵉ ==
ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵎⵏⴰⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot) ⴳ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pirnia |first1=Garin |date=October 31, 2014 |title=The 10 Most Entertaining Movies About Bigfoot |url=https://www.esquire.com/entertainment/movies/a30709/bigfoot-movies/ |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=esquire.com |publisher=[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵔ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⴼⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵥⴹⴰⵎⵏ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⴰⵕⵉⴹⵏ ⴷⵔⵓⵙⵏⵉⵏ,&lt;ref&gt;ⵥⵕ ⵖⵉⴷ

{{cite web |last1=Lealos |first1=Shawn |date=November 2, 2023 |title=The 15 Best Bigfoot Movies Ranked |url=https://screenrant.com/best-bigfoot-movies-ranked/ |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=screenrant.com |publisher=[[Screen Rant]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵎⵍⴰ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵓⵔⴰⵙ (ⵉⵛⴰⵟⵕ) ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ « Harry and the Hendersons » (1987).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Knipfel |first1=Jim |date=May 9, 2018 |title=The Golden Age of Bigfoot Movies |url=https://www.denofgeek.com/culture/the-golden-age-of-bigfoot-movies/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415070058/https://www.denofgeek.com/culture/the-golden-age-of-bigfoot-movies/ |archive-date=April 15, 2021 |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=denofgeek.com |publisher=[[Den of Geek]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ « Sasquatch Sunset » (2024) ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵖⴼ ⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴽⵓⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵏⴰⴳⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵥⵕⴰⵏ,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Topich |first1=Al |date=March 9, 2024 |title='Sasquatch Sunset' latest Bigfoot flick to surface |url=https://www.arkansasonline.com/news/2024/may/09/filmscene-opinion-sasquatch-sunset-latest-bigfoot/ |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=arkansasonline.com |publisher=[[Arkansas Democrat-Gazette]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵖ ⴳ ⵓⴼⵣⵢⵓⵏ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵏⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵡⵜ (reality TV) ⴷ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵙⵙⵓⵔⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵢⵓⵔⵜ (paranormal), ⴳⵔ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ: « Finding Bigfoot » (2011), « Mountain Monsters » (2013), « 10 Million Dollar Bigfoot Bounty » (2014), « Expedition Bigfoot » (2019), ⴷ « Alaskan Killer Bigfoot » (2021).

== ⵖ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ==
ⵉⴼⵍ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot) ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵎⵣⴰⵣⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵊⵓⵔⴷⴰⵏ (Michael Jordan) ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵓⵜⴰⴳⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Donaldson |first1=Kevin |date=June 6, 2014 |title=Bigfoot: The Next Big Paranormal Pop Culture Craze? |url=https://younghollywood.com/scene/bigfoot-the-next-big-paranormal-pop-culture-craze.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412225048/https://younghollywood.com/scene/bigfoot-the-next-big-paranormal-pop-culture-craze.html |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |access-date=March 23, 2021 |publisher=[[Young Hollywood]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Daegling 2004, p. 4.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2018, ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵎⵉⵜⵙⵓⵏⵢⴰⵏ (Smithsonian): « ⴰⵍⵓⵍⵍⵓⵢ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⴽⵎ ⴰⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ».&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |date=September 2018 |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |access-date=December 14, 2020 |website=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⴳⴳⵯ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴳ 2020 ⵉⵙⴽⵏ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ 10 ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵎⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴼⵍⵙⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵉⴳⴰ « ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵉⴷⴷⵔⵏ, ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ».&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Brode |first1=Noah |date=May 11, 2020 |title=Bigfoot is Real (For 11% of U.S. Adults) |url=https://civicscience.com/bigfoot-is-real-for-11-of-u-s-adults/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410121821/https://civicscience.com/bigfoot-is-real-for-11-of-u-s-adults/ |archive-date=April 10, 2021 |access-date=March 23, 2021 |website=civicscience.com |publisher=CivicScience}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵖ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵣⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 2023, ⵉⵡⴰⵍⵉⵡⵏ &quot;Bigfoot&quot; ⴷ &quot;Sasquatch&quot; ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⴳⴳⵍ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 200,000 ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 660,000 ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Fechino |first1=Ashlee |date=May 2, 2023 |title=Myths and Legends: The Most Popular Cryptids in Every US State |url=https://wealthofgeeks.com/cryptids/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930215434/https://wealthofgeeks.com/cryptids/ |archive-date=September 30, 2023 |access-date=September 13, 2023 |website=wealthofgeeks.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2025, ⵜⵉⵡⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵓⵏⵉⴽⵓⴷ (Unicode Consortium) ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵊⵉ (emoji) ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵎⵉ ⵙⵎⵍⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴱⵓ ⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Campbell |first1=Ian Carlos |date=July 21, 2025 |title=Unicode's new emoji refuses to put respect on Bigfoot's name |url=https://www.engadget.com/mobile/unicodes-new-emoji-refuses-to-put-respect-on-bigfoots-name-184412935.html |access-date=July 28, 2025 |website=engadget.com |publisher=Engadget}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ==

# ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ (Almas) – [[ⴰⵙⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ]] (ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵙⵢⴰ)
# ⴰⵎ ⴼⵉⵔ ⵍⵢⴰⵜ ⵎⵓⵔ (Am Fear Liath Mòr) – [[ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]]
# ⴰⵎⵓⵎⵓⵏⴳⵓ (Amomongo) – [[ⴼⵉⵍⵉⴱⵉⵏ]]
# ⴱⴰⵔⵎⴰⵏⵓ (Barmanou) – [[ⴰⴼⵖⴰⵏⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ]] / [[ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ]]
# ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ-ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵏ ⴱⵓⴽⵉⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵀ (Bukit Timah Monkey Man) – [[ⵙⵉⵏⵖⴰⴼⵓⵔⴰ]]
# ⵉⴱⵓ ⴳⵓⴳⵓ (Ebu Gogo) – [[ⴰⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ|ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ]]
# ⵜⴰⵔⵢⴰⵍ ⵏ ⴼⵓⴽⵉ (Fouke Monster) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]] ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ
# ⵀⵉⴱⴰⴳⵓⵏ (Hibagon) – [[ⵊⵊⴰⴱⴱⵓⵏ]]
# ⵎⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⴱⴰⵔⵓⵏⴳ (Mande Barung) – [[ⵀⵉⵏⴷⵓⵙⵜⴰⵏ|ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ]]
# ⵎⵉⵙⵜⴰⴱⵉⵡ (Mistapew) – ⵜⵉⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ
# ⵜⵉⵍⴳⵓⵏⴽⵉⵢⵉⵏ (Algonquin) ⵎⵓⵎⵓ ⴷ ⴰⵏⵥⴹⴰⵎ (Momo the Monster) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ]]
# ⵏⵉⵜⴰⵢⵡⵓ (Nittaewo) – [[ⵙⵔⵉ ⵍⴰⵏⴽⴰ|ⵙⵔⵉⵍⴰⵏⴽⴰ]]
# ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙ (Orang Mawas) – [[ⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵢⴰ]]
# ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⴱⵉⵏⴷⵉⴽ (Orang Pendek) – [[ⴰⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ|ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ]]
# ⵙⵉⵙⵉⵎⵉⵜⵓ (Sisimito) – [[ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ]]
# ⴰⴱⴹⵓⴹ-ⵙⴽⵓⵏⴽ (Skunk ape) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ]]
# ⵓⵔⴰⵢⵓⵍⵉ (Urayuli) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]], [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ]]
# ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⴹⵓⵥⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵡⵃⵛⵉ (Wild Man of the Navidad) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]] ([[ⵜⵉⴽⵚⴰⵚ]])
# ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ (Yeren) – [[ⵛⵛⵉⵏⵡⴰ]]
# ⵢⵉⵜⵉ (Yeti) – [[ⵜⴰⵣⵉⵜ|ⴰⵙⵢⴰ]]
# ⵢⵓⵡⵉ (Yowie) – [[ⵓⵙⵜⵔⴰⵍⵢⴰ]]

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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="52071" sha1="7pn3cnf28rl025oqfw0d3lsebvl8o5r" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ]], ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⴰ|ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]], ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]] [[ⴰⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ|ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ]] ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ|ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ]], ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ|ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ]] ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ|ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ|ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ [[ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ]] ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ|ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ]] ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ|ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ]] ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴷ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ]] &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ [[ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ]] [[ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ|ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ]] ⵏ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ]], ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ]] ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ '''ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ [[ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ|ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ]] (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ [[ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ|ⵜⵖⵣⵉ]] ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ [[ⵉⴷⴷⵓ|ⵉⴷⴷⴰ]] (ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ [[ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ]] (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ|ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ]] ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ [[ⴰⵍⵍⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵖ|ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ]] ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ|ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ]] ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ (ⵜⵉⵡⵡⴰⴽ), ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ [[ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳ|ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ]], ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ''', ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ '''ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ [[ⵜⵉⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ|ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔ|ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⴱⴰⵢⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵙⴼⵉⵡ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵙ &quot;ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵓⴳⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Goodavage&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Goodavage |first=Maria |title=Hunt for Bigfoot Attracts True Believers |newspaper=USA Today |date=May 24, 1996 |url=http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314183111/http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot;, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵣⵔⵓⴳ (ⴰⴼⵓⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ) ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴷⵓⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mil07&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Meldrum |first=Jeff |title=Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science |publisher=Macmillan |year=2007 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50 |access-date=February 19, 2010 |isbn=978-0-7653-1217-4 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154000/https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50#v=snippet&amp;q=salish%20sasquatch&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵯⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴹⵓⵥⵏⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴱⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵙⵍⴰⴷ ⵓⴷⵎ, ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ (ⴷ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴼⴰⴷⴷⵏ, ⵉⵖⵎⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ) ⵖⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Forth |first1=Gregory |title=Images of the Wildman Inside and Outside Europe |journal=Folklore |date=2007 |volume=118 |issue=3 |pages=261–281 |doi=10.1080/00155870701621772|s2cid=161789895 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg|thumb|left|ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵔⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⴰ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ (Tulare County, ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵕⵏⵢⴰ). ]]

ⵖ ⵓⴳⵯⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴷⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵟⵓⵍⵉ (Tule River Indian Reservation), ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵙⵉⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵢⵓⴽⵓⵜⵙ&quot; (Yokuts) ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵏ &quot;ⴰⵥⵕⵓ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ&quot; (Painted Rock), ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⴰⵡⵉⵜⵣ ⵙⵜⵔⴰⵢⵏ (Kathy Moskowitz Strain), ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2008 ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ &quot;ⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ, ⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⴱⴰⵍⵏ, ⵉⵖⵥⵏⴰⵏ: ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵖ ⵜⵡⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵚⵍⵉⵢⵜ&quot;, ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ&quot; (the Family).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Was Big Foot at the Reservation? |url=https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |website=recorderonline.com |publisher=[[Porterville Recorder]] |access-date=May 10, 2021 |date=November 14, 2013 |archive-date=May 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510205236/https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot; (ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴽ ⴷⴰⵜⴰⵜ), ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴹⴽⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ 1,000 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Moskowitz Strain |first1=Kathy |title=MAYAK DATAT: THE HAIRY MAN PICTOGRAPHS |url=https://www.isu.edu/media/libraries/rhi/research-papers/Mayak-Datat-Hairy-Man-Pictographs-1.pdf |website=isu.edu |publisher=THE RELICT HOMINOID INQUIRY |access-date=March 11, 2024 |date=2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵏⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵉⵚⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 16 ⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ &quot;ⵉⵏⵎⵎⵓⵜⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⴰⵙ&quot; (Dark Watchers), ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴼ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵍⴳⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵖ ⵢⵉⴹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Almond |first1=Elliott |title=Trekking California's mysterious Bigfoot trail |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |access-date=February 3, 2022 |agency=[[The Mercury News]] |date=January 31, 2022 |archive-date=February 2, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202203836/https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙⵉⴱⵉ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵇⵏⵉⵙ ⴰⵄⵉⵙⴰⵡ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵜⵛⵉⵣ (Natchez) ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1721, ⵢⵓⵍⵙ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵖⵓⵢⵢⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵊⴼⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Grayson |first1=Walt |title=Focused on Mississippi: &quot;Bigfoot Bash&quot; to be held in Natchez on November 4th |url=https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |website=wjtv.com |publisher=[[WJTV]] |access-date=November 26, 2021 |date=November 1, 2021 |archive-date=November 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126200318/https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵛⵉⵔⵓⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵜⵙⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵍⵓ (Tsul 'Kalu), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵙⵉⵔⵡⵉⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷ &quot;ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⴽⵏⴰⵏⵉⵏ&quot; ⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵍⴰⵛ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Lee |first1=D.W. |date=December 29, 2023 |title=IN THE SHADOWS: The legend of Judaculla, the Cherokee Devil |url=https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131172842/https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |archive-date=January 31, 2024 |access-date=January 31, 2024 |website=stilwelldemocrat.com |publisher=The Stilwell Democrat Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⵓⵜⵉⵇ (Alutiiq) ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵏⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵍⵙⵏ ⴼ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ (Nantinaq), ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵡ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Armstrong |first1=Michael |title=New reality-TV show explores Nantinaq stories |url=https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |website=peninsulaclarion.com |publisher=[[Peninsula Clarion]] |access-date=December 6, 2023 |date=December 15, 2021 |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207180709/https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⵍⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⴰⴼⵣⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵉⵙⴽⵓⴼⵔⵉ+ « Alaskan Killer Bigfoot » (ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴱⵉ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ. ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵔⵜⵍⵓⴽ (Portlock) ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 1940.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=November 30, 2021|title=New Show Set in Portlock Explores Legend of Bigfoot|url=https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|access-date=December 6, 2023|website=KBBI AM 890|language=en|archive-date=February 12, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240212085035/https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵎⵎⴰⵎⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵙⵙⵉⵡⵉⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⵓⵏⵛⴽⴰⵏⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⴰⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⴽⴰⵏⴰ ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1840. ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵣⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⴱⵛⵛⵉⵔ ⴰⴱⵔⵓⵜⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ, ⵉⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⴷⵖⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵙⴱⵓⴽⴰⵏ (Spokane), ⵡⴰⵛⵉⵏⵟⵓⵏ. ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴼⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵍⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⵯⵎⴰⵔⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |title=The Diary of Elkanah Walker |publisher=Bigfoot Encounters |access-date=August 1, 2007 |archive-date=October 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007085252/http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵜⴰⵙⵙⴼⵉⴼⵜ ⵏ Patterson–Gimlin ==
[[File:Bigfoot - Patterson–Gimlin Film - Stabilized - 10-20-1967.webm|thumb|ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵓⵣⴳⴰⵏ ⵙⵖ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ]]

ⴳ 20 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1967, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵕⵓⵊⵔ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ (Roger Patterson) ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ &quot;ⴱⵓⴱ&quot; ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (Robert &quot;Bob&quot; Gimlin) ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵡⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ docudrama ⴼ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⴰⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⴱⵍⴰⴼ ⴽⵔⵉⴽ&quot; (Bluff Creek) ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵔⵏⵢⴰ. ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵎⵏⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙⵙⵓⵍⴼⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ. ⴰⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵍⴰ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ 59.5 ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵖⵏ (ⵜⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ–ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (PGF), ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ. ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ (PGF) ⵙⵓⵍ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵚⴽⴽⵕⴹⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⵙⵉⵏ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵏⵙⴳⵎⴰⵢ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Rosman |first1=John |title=Film Introducing Bigfoot To World Still Mysterious 50 Years Later |url=https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518145245/https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |archive-date=May 18, 2019 |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=opb.org |publisher=[[Oregon Public Broadcasting]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵡⵣⵣⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵣⴷⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |title=Bigfoot Exposed: An Anthropologist Examines America's Enduring Legend |date=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=978-0-7591-1523-1 |page=108 |access-date=December 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002435/https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴽⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵙⴼⵔⵓ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵏⴷⴼ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Buhs |first1=Joshua Blu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |title=Bigfoot: The Life and Times of a Legend |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-226-50215-1 |page=75 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002644/https://books.google.com/books/?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵕⵉ ==
ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵎⵏⴰⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot) ⴳ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pirnia |first1=Garin |date=October 31, 2014 |title=The 10 Most Entertaining Movies About Bigfoot |url=https://www.esquire.com/entertainment/movies/a30709/bigfoot-movies/ |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=esquire.com |publisher=[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵔ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⴼⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵥⴹⴰⵎⵏ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⴰⵕⵉⴹⵏ ⴷⵔⵓⵙⵏⵉⵏ,&lt;ref&gt;ⵥⵕ ⵖⵉⴷ

{{cite web |last1=Lealos |first1=Shawn |date=November 2, 2023 |title=The 15 Best Bigfoot Movies Ranked |url=https://screenrant.com/best-bigfoot-movies-ranked/ |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=screenrant.com |publisher=[[Screen Rant]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵎⵍⴰ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵓⵔⴰⵙ (ⵉⵛⴰⵟⵕ) ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ « Harry and the Hendersons » (1987).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Knipfel |first1=Jim |date=May 9, 2018 |title=The Golden Age of Bigfoot Movies |url=https://www.denofgeek.com/culture/the-golden-age-of-bigfoot-movies/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415070058/https://www.denofgeek.com/culture/the-golden-age-of-bigfoot-movies/ |archive-date=April 15, 2021 |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=denofgeek.com |publisher=[[Den of Geek]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ « Sasquatch Sunset » (2024) ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵖⴼ ⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴽⵓⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵏⴰⴳⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵥⵕⴰⵏ,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Topich |first1=Al |date=March 9, 2024 |title='Sasquatch Sunset' latest Bigfoot flick to surface |url=https://www.arkansasonline.com/news/2024/may/09/filmscene-opinion-sasquatch-sunset-latest-bigfoot/ |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=arkansasonline.com |publisher=[[Arkansas Democrat-Gazette]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵖ ⴳ ⵓⴼⵣⵢⵓⵏ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵏⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵡⵜ (reality TV) ⴷ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵙⵙⵓⵔⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵢⵓⵔⵜ (paranormal), ⴳⵔ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ: « Finding Bigfoot » (2011), « Mountain Monsters » (2013), « 10 Million Dollar Bigfoot Bounty » (2014), « Expedition Bigfoot » (2019), ⴷ « Alaskan Killer Bigfoot » (2021).

== ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵢⵜ ==
[[File:&quot;Remer Welcomes You&quot; Sign.jpg|thumb|ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴽⵛⵎ ⵏ ⵔⵉⵎⵔ, ⴰⵔ ⴽⵏ ⵉⵙⴱⵔⵔⴰⴽ, ⵎⵉⵏⵉⵙⵓⵜⴰ]]
ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot) ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷⵉⴷⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴼⵍⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵔⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵢⵜ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cataneo |first1=Emily |date=July 18, 2024 |title=Yeti or Not, Here They Come |url=https://www.theassemblync.com/place/bigfoot-hunters-north-carolina/ |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=heassemblync.com |publisher=The Assembly NC}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵉⵍⵓ ⴽⵔⵉⴽ (Willow Creek) ⴳ ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵔⵏⵢⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵥⵕⵕⴰ ⵉⵅⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ « ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ».&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |title=Greetings from Willow Creek, Bigfoot Capital of the World |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2019-08-29/greetings-willow-creek |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210220053653/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2019-08-29/greetings-willow-creek |archive-date=February 20, 2021 |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=[[UC Berkeley]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵉⵍⵓ ⴽⵔⵉⴽ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⵏⵎⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ « Bigfoot Daze » ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 1960, ⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⴷⴷⵓ ⵙ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ–ⵊⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (Patterson–Gimlin).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Painter |first1=Alysia |date=July 21, 2021 |title=Bigfoot Days Will Stomp Back Into Willow Creek |url=https://www.nbclosangeles.com/worth-the-trip/bigfoot-days-will-stomp-back-into-willow-creek/2637861/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210722192955/https://www.nbclosangeles.com/worth-the-trip/bigfoot-days-will-stomp-back-into-willow-creek/2637861/ |archive-date=July 22, 2021 |access-date=July 22, 2021 |website=NBC Los Angeles |publisher=[[KNBC]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵊⵉⴼⵉⵔⵚⵓⵏ (Jefferson) ⴳ ⵜⵉⴽⵚⴰⵚ ⵜⵖⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵢⵉⵅⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ « ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵉⴽⵚⴰⵚ » ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot in Jefferson Texas |url=https://visitjeffersontexas.com/bigfoot-in-jefferson |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=visitjeffersontexas.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⵙⴰⵙ (Texas Bigfoot Conference) ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Larson |first1=Lauren |date=November 28, 2023 |title=In the Misinformation Age, Believing In Bigfoot Is Harder Than Ever |url=https://www.texasmonthly.com/being-texan/bigfoot-conference-east-texas-misinformation-age/ |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=texasmonthly.com |publisher=[[Texas Monthly]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵖ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ==
ⵉⴼⵍ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot) ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵎⵣⴰⵣⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵊⵓⵔⴷⴰⵏ (Michael Jordan) ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵓⵜⴰⴳⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Donaldson |first1=Kevin |date=June 6, 2014 |title=Bigfoot: The Next Big Paranormal Pop Culture Craze? |url=https://younghollywood.com/scene/bigfoot-the-next-big-paranormal-pop-culture-craze.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412225048/https://younghollywood.com/scene/bigfoot-the-next-big-paranormal-pop-culture-craze.html |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |access-date=March 23, 2021 |publisher=[[Young Hollywood]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Daegling 2004, p. 4.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2018, ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵎⵉⵜⵙⵓⵏⵢⴰⵏ (Smithsonian): « ⴰⵍⵓⵍⵍⵓⵢ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⴽⵎ ⴰⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ».&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |date=September 2018 |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |access-date=December 14, 2020 |website=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⴳⴳⵯ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴳ 2020 ⵉⵙⴽⵏ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ 10 ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵎⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴼⵍⵙⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵉⴳⴰ « ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵉⴷⴷⵔⵏ, ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵙ [[ⵜⵉⴷⵜ]] ».&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Brode |first1=Noah |date=May 11, 2020 |title=Bigfoot is Real (For 11% of U.S. Adults) |url=https://civicscience.com/bigfoot-is-real-for-11-of-u-s-adults/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410121821/https://civicscience.com/bigfoot-is-real-for-11-of-u-s-adults/ |archive-date=April 10, 2021 |access-date=March 23, 2021 |website=civicscience.com |publisher=CivicScience}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵖ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵣⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ]] 2023, ⵉⵡⴰⵍⵉⵡⵏ &quot;Bigfoot&quot; ⴷ &quot;Sasquatch&quot; ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⴳⴳⵍ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 200,000 ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⴳ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ]], ⴷ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 660,000 ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Fechino |first1=Ashlee |date=May 2, 2023 |title=Myths and Legends: The Most Popular Cryptids in Every US State |url=https://wealthofgeeks.com/cryptids/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930215434/https://wealthofgeeks.com/cryptids/ |archive-date=September 30, 2023 |access-date=September 13, 2023 |website=wealthofgeeks.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2025, ⵜⵉⵡⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵓⵏⵉⴽⵓⴷ (Unicode Consortium) ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⵉⵎⵓⵊⵉ]] (emoji) ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵎⵉ ⵙⵎⵍⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴱⵓ ⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Campbell |first1=Ian Carlos |date=July 21, 2025 |title=Unicode's new emoji refuses to put respect on Bigfoot's name |url=https://www.engadget.com/mobile/unicodes-new-emoji-refuses-to-put-respect-on-bigfoots-name-184412935.html |access-date=July 28, 2025 |website=engadget.com |publisher=Engadget}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ==

# ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ (Almas) – [[ⴰⵙⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ]] (ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵙⵢⴰ)
# ⴰⵎ ⴼⵉⵔ ⵍⵢⴰⵜ ⵎⵓⵔ (Am Fear Liath Mòr) – [[ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]]
# ⴰⵎⵓⵎⵓⵏⴳⵓ (Amomongo) – [[ⴼⵉⵍⵉⴱⵉⵏ]]
# ⴱⴰⵔⵎⴰⵏⵓ (Barmanou) – [[ⴰⴼⵖⴰⵏⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ]] / [[ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ]]
# ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ-ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵏ ⴱⵓⴽⵉⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵀ (Bukit Timah Monkey Man) – [[ⵙⵉⵏⵖⴰⴼⵓⵔⴰ]]
# ⵉⴱⵓ ⴳⵓⴳⵓ (Ebu Gogo) – [[ⴰⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ|ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ]]
# ⵜⴰⵔⵢⴰⵍ ⵏ ⴼⵓⴽⵉ (Fouke Monster) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]] ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ
# ⵀⵉⴱⴰⴳⵓⵏ (Hibagon) – [[ⵊⵊⴰⴱⴱⵓⵏ]]
# ⵎⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⴱⴰⵔⵓⵏⴳ (Mande Barung) – [[ⵀⵉⵏⴷⵓⵙⵜⴰⵏ|ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ]]
# ⵎⵉⵙⵜⴰⴱⵉⵡ (Mistapew) – ⵜⵉⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ
# ⵜⵉⵍⴳⵓⵏⴽⵉⵢⵉⵏ (Algonquin) ⵎⵓⵎⵓ ⴷ ⴰⵏⵥⴹⴰⵎ (Momo the Monster) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ]]
# ⵏⵉⵜⴰⵢⵡⵓ (Nittaewo) – [[ⵙⵔⵉ ⵍⴰⵏⴽⴰ|ⵙⵔⵉⵍⴰⵏⴽⴰ]]
# ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙ (Orang Mawas) – [[ⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵢⴰ]]
# ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⴱⵉⵏⴷⵉⴽ (Orang Pendek) – [[ⴰⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ|ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ]]
# ⵙⵉⵙⵉⵎⵉⵜⵓ (Sisimito) – [[ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ]]
# ⴰⴱⴹⵓⴹ-ⵙⴽⵓⵏⴽ (Skunk ape) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ]]
# ⵓⵔⴰⵢⵓⵍⵉ (Urayuli) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]], [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ]]
# ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⴹⵓⵥⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵡⵃⵛⵉ (Wild Man of the Navidad) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]] ([[ⵜⵉⴽⵚⴰⵚ]])
# ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ (Yeren) – [[ⵛⵛⵉⵏⵡⴰ]]
# ⵢⵉⵜⵉ (Yeti) – [[ⵜⴰⵣⵉⵜ|ⴰⵙⵢⴰ]]
# ⵢⵓⵡⵉ (Yowie) – [[ⵓⵙⵜⵔⴰⵍⵢⴰ]]

== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
      <sha1>7pn3cnf28rl025oqfw0d3lsebvl8o5r</sha1>
    </revision>
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        <username>Aɣaras iḍlan</username>
        <id>211</id>
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      <comment>/* ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵢⵜ */</comment>
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      <text bytes="54842" sha1="rgrf5hbbwkqa69b36hg54f2ixqgnwf2" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ]], ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⴰ|ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]], ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]] [[ⴰⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ|ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ]] ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ|ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ]], ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ|ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ]] ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ|ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ|ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ [[ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ]] ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ|ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ]] ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ|ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ]] ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴷ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ]] &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ [[ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ]] [[ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ|ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ]] ⵏ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ]], ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ]] ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ '''ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ [[ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ|ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ]] (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ [[ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ|ⵜⵖⵣⵉ]] ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ [[ⵉⴷⴷⵓ|ⵉⴷⴷⴰ]] (ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ [[ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ]] (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ|ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ]] ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ [[ⴰⵍⵍⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵖ|ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ]] ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ|ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ]] ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ (ⵜⵉⵡⵡⴰⴽ), ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ [[ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳ|ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ]], ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ''', ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ '''ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ [[ⵜⵉⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ|ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔ|ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⴱⴰⵢⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵙⴼⵉⵡ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵙ &quot;ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵓⴳⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Goodavage&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Goodavage |first=Maria |title=Hunt for Bigfoot Attracts True Believers |newspaper=USA Today |date=May 24, 1996 |url=http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314183111/http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot;, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵣⵔⵓⴳ (ⴰⴼⵓⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ) ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴷⵓⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mil07&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Meldrum |first=Jeff |title=Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science |publisher=Macmillan |year=2007 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50 |access-date=February 19, 2010 |isbn=978-0-7653-1217-4 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154000/https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50#v=snippet&amp;q=salish%20sasquatch&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵯⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴹⵓⵥⵏⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴱⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵙⵍⴰⴷ ⵓⴷⵎ, ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ (ⴷ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴼⴰⴷⴷⵏ, ⵉⵖⵎⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ) ⵖⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Forth |first1=Gregory |title=Images of the Wildman Inside and Outside Europe |journal=Folklore |date=2007 |volume=118 |issue=3 |pages=261–281 |doi=10.1080/00155870701621772|s2cid=161789895 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg|thumb|left|ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵔⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⴰ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ (Tulare County, ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵕⵏⵢⴰ). ]]

ⵖ ⵓⴳⵯⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴷⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵟⵓⵍⵉ (Tule River Indian Reservation), ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵙⵉⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵢⵓⴽⵓⵜⵙ&quot; (Yokuts) ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵏ &quot;ⴰⵥⵕⵓ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ&quot; (Painted Rock), ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⴰⵡⵉⵜⵣ ⵙⵜⵔⴰⵢⵏ (Kathy Moskowitz Strain), ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2008 ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ &quot;ⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ, ⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⴱⴰⵍⵏ, ⵉⵖⵥⵏⴰⵏ: ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵖ ⵜⵡⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵚⵍⵉⵢⵜ&quot;, ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ&quot; (the Family).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Was Big Foot at the Reservation? |url=https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |website=recorderonline.com |publisher=[[Porterville Recorder]] |access-date=May 10, 2021 |date=November 14, 2013 |archive-date=May 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510205236/https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot; (ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴽ ⴷⴰⵜⴰⵜ), ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴹⴽⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ 1,000 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Moskowitz Strain |first1=Kathy |title=MAYAK DATAT: THE HAIRY MAN PICTOGRAPHS |url=https://www.isu.edu/media/libraries/rhi/research-papers/Mayak-Datat-Hairy-Man-Pictographs-1.pdf |website=isu.edu |publisher=THE RELICT HOMINOID INQUIRY |access-date=March 11, 2024 |date=2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵏⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵉⵚⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 16 ⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ &quot;ⵉⵏⵎⵎⵓⵜⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⴰⵙ&quot; (Dark Watchers), ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴼ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵍⴳⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵖ ⵢⵉⴹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Almond |first1=Elliott |title=Trekking California's mysterious Bigfoot trail |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |access-date=February 3, 2022 |agency=[[The Mercury News]] |date=January 31, 2022 |archive-date=February 2, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202203836/https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙⵉⴱⵉ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵇⵏⵉⵙ ⴰⵄⵉⵙⴰⵡ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵜⵛⵉⵣ (Natchez) ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1721, ⵢⵓⵍⵙ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵖⵓⵢⵢⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵊⴼⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Grayson |first1=Walt |title=Focused on Mississippi: &quot;Bigfoot Bash&quot; to be held in Natchez on November 4th |url=https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |website=wjtv.com |publisher=[[WJTV]] |access-date=November 26, 2021 |date=November 1, 2021 |archive-date=November 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126200318/https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵛⵉⵔⵓⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵜⵙⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵍⵓ (Tsul 'Kalu), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵙⵉⵔⵡⵉⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷ &quot;ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⴽⵏⴰⵏⵉⵏ&quot; ⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵍⴰⵛ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Lee |first1=D.W. |date=December 29, 2023 |title=IN THE SHADOWS: The legend of Judaculla, the Cherokee Devil |url=https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131172842/https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |archive-date=January 31, 2024 |access-date=January 31, 2024 |website=stilwelldemocrat.com |publisher=The Stilwell Democrat Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⵓⵜⵉⵇ (Alutiiq) ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵏⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵍⵙⵏ ⴼ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ (Nantinaq), ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵡ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Armstrong |first1=Michael |title=New reality-TV show explores Nantinaq stories |url=https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |website=peninsulaclarion.com |publisher=[[Peninsula Clarion]] |access-date=December 6, 2023 |date=December 15, 2021 |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207180709/https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⵍⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⴰⴼⵣⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵉⵙⴽⵓⴼⵔⵉ+ « Alaskan Killer Bigfoot » (ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴱⵉ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ. ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵔⵜⵍⵓⴽ (Portlock) ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 1940.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=November 30, 2021|title=New Show Set in Portlock Explores Legend of Bigfoot|url=https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|access-date=December 6, 2023|website=KBBI AM 890|language=en|archive-date=February 12, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240212085035/https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵎⵎⴰⵎⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵙⵙⵉⵡⵉⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⵓⵏⵛⴽⴰⵏⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⴰⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⴽⴰⵏⴰ ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1840. ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵣⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⴱⵛⵛⵉⵔ ⴰⴱⵔⵓⵜⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ, ⵉⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⴷⵖⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵙⴱⵓⴽⴰⵏ (Spokane), ⵡⴰⵛⵉⵏⵟⵓⵏ. ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴼⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵍⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⵯⵎⴰⵔⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |title=The Diary of Elkanah Walker |publisher=Bigfoot Encounters |access-date=August 1, 2007 |archive-date=October 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007085252/http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵜⴰⵙⵙⴼⵉⴼⵜ ⵏ Patterson–Gimlin ==
[[File:Bigfoot - Patterson–Gimlin Film - Stabilized - 10-20-1967.webm|thumb|ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵓⵣⴳⴰⵏ ⵙⵖ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ]]

ⴳ 20 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1967, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵕⵓⵊⵔ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ (Roger Patterson) ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ &quot;ⴱⵓⴱ&quot; ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (Robert &quot;Bob&quot; Gimlin) ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵡⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ docudrama ⴼ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⴰⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⴱⵍⴰⴼ ⴽⵔⵉⴽ&quot; (Bluff Creek) ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵔⵏⵢⴰ. ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵎⵏⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙⵙⵓⵍⴼⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ. ⴰⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵍⴰ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ 59.5 ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵖⵏ (ⵜⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ–ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (PGF), ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ. ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ (PGF) ⵙⵓⵍ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵚⴽⴽⵕⴹⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⵙⵉⵏ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵏⵙⴳⵎⴰⵢ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Rosman |first1=John |title=Film Introducing Bigfoot To World Still Mysterious 50 Years Later |url=https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518145245/https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |archive-date=May 18, 2019 |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=opb.org |publisher=[[Oregon Public Broadcasting]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵡⵣⵣⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵣⴷⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |title=Bigfoot Exposed: An Anthropologist Examines America's Enduring Legend |date=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=978-0-7591-1523-1 |page=108 |access-date=December 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002435/https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴽⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵙⴼⵔⵓ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵏⴷⴼ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Buhs |first1=Joshua Blu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |title=Bigfoot: The Life and Times of a Legend |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-226-50215-1 |page=75 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002644/https://books.google.com/books/?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵕⵉ ==
ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵎⵏⴰⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot) ⴳ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pirnia |first1=Garin |date=October 31, 2014 |title=The 10 Most Entertaining Movies About Bigfoot |url=https://www.esquire.com/entertainment/movies/a30709/bigfoot-movies/ |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=esquire.com |publisher=[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵔ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⴼⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵥⴹⴰⵎⵏ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⴰⵕⵉⴹⵏ ⴷⵔⵓⵙⵏⵉⵏ,&lt;ref&gt;ⵥⵕ ⵖⵉⴷ

{{cite web |last1=Lealos |first1=Shawn |date=November 2, 2023 |title=The 15 Best Bigfoot Movies Ranked |url=https://screenrant.com/best-bigfoot-movies-ranked/ |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=screenrant.com |publisher=[[Screen Rant]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵎⵍⴰ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵓⵔⴰⵙ (ⵉⵛⴰⵟⵕ) ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ « Harry and the Hendersons » (1987).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Knipfel |first1=Jim |date=May 9, 2018 |title=The Golden Age of Bigfoot Movies |url=https://www.denofgeek.com/culture/the-golden-age-of-bigfoot-movies/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415070058/https://www.denofgeek.com/culture/the-golden-age-of-bigfoot-movies/ |archive-date=April 15, 2021 |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=denofgeek.com |publisher=[[Den of Geek]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ « Sasquatch Sunset » (2024) ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵖⴼ ⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴽⵓⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵏⴰⴳⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵥⵕⴰⵏ,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Topich |first1=Al |date=March 9, 2024 |title='Sasquatch Sunset' latest Bigfoot flick to surface |url=https://www.arkansasonline.com/news/2024/may/09/filmscene-opinion-sasquatch-sunset-latest-bigfoot/ |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=arkansasonline.com |publisher=[[Arkansas Democrat-Gazette]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵖ ⴳ ⵓⴼⵣⵢⵓⵏ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵏⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵡⵜ (reality TV) ⴷ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵙⵙⵓⵔⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵢⵓⵔⵜ (paranormal), ⴳⵔ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ: « Finding Bigfoot » (2011), « Mountain Monsters » (2013), « 10 Million Dollar Bigfoot Bounty » (2014), « Expedition Bigfoot » (2019), ⴷ « Alaskan Killer Bigfoot » (2021).

== ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵢⵜ ==
[[File:&quot;Remer Welcomes You&quot; Sign.jpg|thumb|ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴽⵛⵎ ⵏ ⵔⵉⵎⵔ, ⴰⵔ ⴽⵏ ⵉⵙⴱⵔⵔⴰⴽ, ⵎⵉⵏⵉⵙⵓⵜⴰ]]
ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot) ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷⵉⴷⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴼⵍⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵔⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵢⵜ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cataneo |first1=Emily |date=July 18, 2024 |title=Yeti or Not, Here They Come |url=https://www.theassemblync.com/place/bigfoot-hunters-north-carolina/ |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=heassemblync.com |publisher=The Assembly NC}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵉⵍⵓ ⴽⵔⵉⴽ (Willow Creek) ⴳ ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵔⵏⵢⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵥⵕⵕⴰ ⵉⵅⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ « ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ».&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |title=Greetings from Willow Creek, Bigfoot Capital of the World |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2019-08-29/greetings-willow-creek |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210220053653/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2019-08-29/greetings-willow-creek |archive-date=February 20, 2021 |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=[[UC Berkeley]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵉⵍⵓ ⴽⵔⵉⴽ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⵏⵎⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ « Bigfoot Daze » ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 1960, ⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⴷⴷⵓ ⵙ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ–ⵊⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (Patterson–Gimlin).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Painter |first1=Alysia |date=July 21, 2021 |title=Bigfoot Days Will Stomp Back Into Willow Creek |url=https://www.nbclosangeles.com/worth-the-trip/bigfoot-days-will-stomp-back-into-willow-creek/2637861/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210722192955/https://www.nbclosangeles.com/worth-the-trip/bigfoot-days-will-stomp-back-into-willow-creek/2637861/ |archive-date=July 22, 2021 |access-date=July 22, 2021 |website=NBC Los Angeles |publisher=[[KNBC]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵊⵉⴼⵉⵔⵚⵓⵏ (Jefferson) ⴳ ⵜⵉⴽⵚⴰⵚ ⵜⵖⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵢⵉⵅⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ « ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵉⴽⵚⴰⵚ » ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot in Jefferson Texas |url=https://visitjeffersontexas.com/bigfoot-in-jefferson |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=visitjeffersontexas.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⵙⴰⵙ (Texas Bigfoot Conference) ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Larson |first1=Lauren |date=November 28, 2023 |title=In the Misinformation Age, Believing In Bigfoot Is Harder Than Ever |url=https://www.texasmonthly.com/being-texan/bigfoot-conference-east-texas-misinformation-age/ |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=texasmonthly.com |publisher=[[Texas Monthly]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵖ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⵔⵍⵙⴰ == 
ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ (subculture) ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴳⴰⵢⵢⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵍⵏ ⵉ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=O'Connor |first1=John |title=The Secret History of Bigfoot: Field Notes on a North American Monster |date=2024 |publisher=Sourcebooks |isbn=978-1-4642-1663-3}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⴳⴳⵍ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴰⵙ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵜⵡⴰⵍⵍ « Squatching » ⵏⵖ ⴷ « Squatchin' » ⵏⵖ ⴷ « Squatch'n »,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Agnone |first1=Annie |date=September 20, 2013 |title=How to: Find Bigfoot |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/article/how-to-find-bigfoot |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220325124217/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/article/how-to-find-bigfoot |archive-date=March 25, 2022 |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=nationalgeographic.com |publisher=[[National Geographic]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⵜⵡⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴰⴽⴰⴽ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⵏ ⴰⵏⵉⵎⴰⵍ ⴱⵍⴰⵏⵉⵜ (Animal Planet) « Finding Bigfoot » (ⵉⴼⵉ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ). ⵉⵎⵙⵉⴳⴳⵉⵍⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴼⵍⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⴰⵙⵏ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ « Bigfooters » ⵏⵖ « Squatchers ».&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Keough |first1=Peter |date=April 14, 2021 |title=In Focus: Are you a 'Squatcher'? That's what believers in Bigfoot are called |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/2021/04/14/arts/focus-are-you-squatcher-thats-what-believers-bigfoot-are-called/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210716161926/https://www.bostonglobe.com/2021/04/14/arts/focus-are-you-squatcher-thats-what-believers-bigfoot-are-called/ |archive-date=July 16, 2021 |access-date=July 16, 2021 |website=The Boston Globe}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵡⵉⴷ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ 20: ⴱⵉⵜⵔ ⵙⵉ. ⴱⵉⵔⵏ (Peter C. Byrne), ⵔⵉⵏⵉ ⴷⴰⵀⵉⵏⴷⵏ (René Dahinden), ⵊⵓⵏ ⴳⵔⵉⵏ (John Green) ⴷ ⴳⵔⵓⴼⵔ ⴽⵔⴰⵏⵜⵣ (Grover Krantz) ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴰⵙⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⵣⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⵙⵏⵓⴼⵔⵎⵓⴷⵔ (cryptozoologist) ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵍⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴽⵓⵍⵎⴰⵏ (Loren Coleman) ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ « ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⵉⵎⵏⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛⵉⵜ » (Four Horsemen of Sasquatchery).&lt;ref&gt;Coleman, Loren (2015). &quot;John Willison Green&quot; (PDF). The Relict Hominoid Inquiry (4): 3. Retrieved February 23, 2024.&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵖ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ==
ⵉⴼⵍ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot) ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵎⵣⴰⵣⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵊⵓⵔⴷⴰⵏ (Michael Jordan) ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵓⵜⴰⴳⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Donaldson |first1=Kevin |date=June 6, 2014 |title=Bigfoot: The Next Big Paranormal Pop Culture Craze? |url=https://younghollywood.com/scene/bigfoot-the-next-big-paranormal-pop-culture-craze.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412225048/https://younghollywood.com/scene/bigfoot-the-next-big-paranormal-pop-culture-craze.html |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |access-date=March 23, 2021 |publisher=[[Young Hollywood]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Daegling 2004, p. 4.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2018, ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵎⵉⵜⵙⵓⵏⵢⴰⵏ (Smithsonian): « ⴰⵍⵓⵍⵍⵓⵢ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⴽⵎ ⴰⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ».&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |date=September 2018 |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |access-date=December 14, 2020 |website=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⴳⴳⵯ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴳ 2020 ⵉⵙⴽⵏ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ 10 ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵎⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴼⵍⵙⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵉⴳⴰ « ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵉⴷⴷⵔⵏ, ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵙ [[ⵜⵉⴷⵜ]] ».&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Brode |first1=Noah |date=May 11, 2020 |title=Bigfoot is Real (For 11% of U.S. Adults) |url=https://civicscience.com/bigfoot-is-real-for-11-of-u-s-adults/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410121821/https://civicscience.com/bigfoot-is-real-for-11-of-u-s-adults/ |archive-date=April 10, 2021 |access-date=March 23, 2021 |website=civicscience.com |publisher=CivicScience}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵖ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵣⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ]] 2023, ⵉⵡⴰⵍⵉⵡⵏ &quot;Bigfoot&quot; ⴷ &quot;Sasquatch&quot; ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⴳⴳⵍ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 200,000 ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⴳ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ]], ⴷ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 660,000 ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Fechino |first1=Ashlee |date=May 2, 2023 |title=Myths and Legends: The Most Popular Cryptids in Every US State |url=https://wealthofgeeks.com/cryptids/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930215434/https://wealthofgeeks.com/cryptids/ |archive-date=September 30, 2023 |access-date=September 13, 2023 |website=wealthofgeeks.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2025, ⵜⵉⵡⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵓⵏⵉⴽⵓⴷ (Unicode Consortium) ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⵉⵎⵓⵊⵉ]] (emoji) ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵎⵉ ⵙⵎⵍⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴱⵓ ⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Campbell |first1=Ian Carlos |date=July 21, 2025 |title=Unicode's new emoji refuses to put respect on Bigfoot's name |url=https://www.engadget.com/mobile/unicodes-new-emoji-refuses-to-put-respect-on-bigfoots-name-184412935.html |access-date=July 28, 2025 |website=engadget.com |publisher=Engadget}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ==

# ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ (Almas) – [[ⴰⵙⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ]] (ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵙⵢⴰ)
# ⴰⵎ ⴼⵉⵔ ⵍⵢⴰⵜ ⵎⵓⵔ (Am Fear Liath Mòr) – [[ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]]
# ⴰⵎⵓⵎⵓⵏⴳⵓ (Amomongo) – [[ⴼⵉⵍⵉⴱⵉⵏ]]
# ⴱⴰⵔⵎⴰⵏⵓ (Barmanou) – [[ⴰⴼⵖⴰⵏⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ]] / [[ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ]]
# ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ-ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵏ ⴱⵓⴽⵉⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵀ (Bukit Timah Monkey Man) – [[ⵙⵉⵏⵖⴰⴼⵓⵔⴰ]]
# ⵉⴱⵓ ⴳⵓⴳⵓ (Ebu Gogo) – [[ⴰⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ|ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ]]
# ⵜⴰⵔⵢⴰⵍ ⵏ ⴼⵓⴽⵉ (Fouke Monster) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]] ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ
# ⵀⵉⴱⴰⴳⵓⵏ (Hibagon) – [[ⵊⵊⴰⴱⴱⵓⵏ]]
# ⵎⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⴱⴰⵔⵓⵏⴳ (Mande Barung) – [[ⵀⵉⵏⴷⵓⵙⵜⴰⵏ|ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ]]
# ⵎⵉⵙⵜⴰⴱⵉⵡ (Mistapew) – ⵜⵉⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ
# ⵜⵉⵍⴳⵓⵏⴽⵉⵢⵉⵏ (Algonquin) ⵎⵓⵎⵓ ⴷ ⴰⵏⵥⴹⴰⵎ (Momo the Monster) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ]]
# ⵏⵉⵜⴰⵢⵡⵓ (Nittaewo) – [[ⵙⵔⵉ ⵍⴰⵏⴽⴰ|ⵙⵔⵉⵍⴰⵏⴽⴰ]]
# ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙ (Orang Mawas) – [[ⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵢⴰ]]
# ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⴱⵉⵏⴷⵉⴽ (Orang Pendek) – [[ⴰⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ|ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ]]
# ⵙⵉⵙⵉⵎⵉⵜⵓ (Sisimito) – [[ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ]]
# ⴰⴱⴹⵓⴹ-ⵙⴽⵓⵏⴽ (Skunk ape) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ]]
# ⵓⵔⴰⵢⵓⵍⵉ (Urayuli) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]], [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ]]
# ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⴹⵓⵥⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵡⵃⵛⵉ (Wild Man of the Navidad) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]] ([[ⵜⵉⴽⵚⴰⵚ]])
# ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ (Yeren) – [[ⵛⵛⵉⵏⵡⴰ]]
# ⵢⵉⵜⵉ (Yeti) – [[ⵜⴰⵣⵉⵜ|ⴰⵙⵢⴰ]]
# ⵢⵓⵡⵉ (Yowie) – [[ⵓⵙⵜⵔⴰⵍⵢⴰ]]

== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
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      <text bytes="58456" sha1="8cm52iusqipbthkqucghgyaii2k6i46" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴰⴱⵔⴰⴹⴰⵕ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' (Bigfoot) ⵏⵖ ⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵎ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ]], ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕ, ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ, ⴰⵥⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⴰⵢ, ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⴰ|ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]], ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰ|ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ]] [[ⴰⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ|ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎ]] ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bartholomew |first1=Robert E. |last2=Regal |first2=Brian |title=From wild man to monster: the historical evolution of bigfoot in New York State |journal=Voices: The Journal of New York Folklore |date=2009 |volume=35 |issue=3 |access-date=December 6, 2023 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A218112087/AONE?u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;xid=aa9170f1 |issn=1551-7268 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154017/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=anon~1d2f6431&amp;id=GALE%7CA218112087&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=aa9170f1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads, and Cryptozoology |year=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11829-4 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235402/https://books.google.com/books?id=5a7GAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ|ⵜⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵜ]], ⵢⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |date=June 28, 2018 |title=So, Why Do People Believe In Bigfoot Anyway? |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302050546/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-10-26/so-why-do-people-believe-bigfoot-anyway |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot's pop culture footprint |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |access-date=March 16, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020110109/https://www.latimes.com/la-et-bigfoot-pop-culture-pg-photogallery.html |url-status=live }} &lt;/ref&gt;

ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⴰⵎ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵙⴳⴱⵔ-ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ (Pseudo-science) ⴷ &quot;ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜⵍⵉⵎⵓⴷⵜ&quot; (cryptozoology) ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⵙⵏⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ|ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ]] ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵙⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ|ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ]], ⴷ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴹⴰⵕ|ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rossi |first1=Lorenzo |chapter=A Review of Cryptozoology: Towards a Scientific Approach to the Study of &quot;Hidden Animals&quot; |title=Problematic Wildlife |date=December 18, 2015 |pages=573–588 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_26|isbn=978-3-319-22245-5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Regal&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Regal |first1=Brian |title=Entering Dubious Realms: Grover Krantz, Science, and Sasquatch |journal=Annals of Science |date=February 13, 2009 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1080/00033790802202421 |pmid=19831199 |s2cid=23736660 |issn=0003-3790}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Daegling2004b&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |title=Bigfoot exposed: an anthropologist examines America's enduring legend |year=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=0-7591-0538-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5 |access-date=March 16, 2021 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216153959/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3z5VVbGfbgC&amp;q=bigfoot+evidence&amp;pg=PR5#v=snippet&amp;q=bigfoot%20evidence&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Sarah C. P. |title='Bigfoot' samples analyzed in lab: First peer-reviewed genetic analysis looks at more than 50 samples believed to belong to elusive creatures |journal=Science |date=July 1, 2014 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228021832/https://www.science.org/content/article/bigfoot-samples-analyzed-lab |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵏⵥⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵣ ⵉⴼⵔⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵕⵎⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ [[ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ]] ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Regal2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rossi2015&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2014&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Frangou et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Frangou |first1=Anna |last2=Ladle |first2=Richard J. |last3=Malhado |first3=Ana C.M. |last4=Whitaker |first4=Robert J. |editor1-last=Brooks |editor1-first=Anathea |editor2-last=Arico |editor2-first=Salvatore |title=Tracking Key Trends in Biodiversity Science and Policy: based on the proceedings of a UNESCO International Conference on Biodiversity Science and Policy |year=2013 |publisher=UNESCO |isbn=978-92-3-001118-5 |page=50 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkvFDkFzcC8C&amp;pg=PA50 |chapter=Wildlife in a warming world}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pappas |first1=Evan |title=Bigfoot hoax exposed (again) and other infamous hoaxes |url=https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |website=seattlepi.com |publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=March 16, 2021 |date=April 7, 2014 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610014409/https://www.seattlepi.com/national/article/Bigfoot-hoax-exposed-again-and-other-infamous-5383835.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Crair1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2018 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |access-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ, ⴳⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ  ⴳⵯ ⵓⵔⵓⴱ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ|ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ]] ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Blitz |first1=Matt |title=People Say They've Seen Bigfoot — Can We Really Rule Out That Possibility? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |website=yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |access-date=August 6, 2021 |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153009/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/science-meets-legend-story-search-140900869.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ|ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ]] ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴷ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵅⵜⵜⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McClelland |first1=John |date=October 2011 |title=Tracking the Legend of Bigfoot |url=https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |access-date=January 3, 2022 |website=statemuseum.arizona.edu |publisher=[[Arizona State Museum]] |archive-date=January 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103221317/https://statemuseum.arizona.edu/online-exhibit/curators-choice/tracking-legend-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=McNeill |first1=Lynne |date=March 8, 2012 |title=Using Folklore to Tackle Bigfoot: 'Animal Planet' Comes to USU |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=usu.edu |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174859/https://www.usu.edu/today/story/using-folklore-to-tackle-bigfoot-animal-planet-comes-to-usu |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵖⵓⵙ]] &quot;ⵚⴽⴰⵏⴽ&quot; (Skunk ape) ⴳ [[ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ]] [[ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ|ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ]] ⵏ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ]], ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ&quot;, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⵉⵜⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⴷ &quot;ⵢⴰⵡⵉ&quot; ⴳ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⴰⵍⵢⴰ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beyond Bigfoot |url=https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=amnh.org |publisher=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411034647/https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/mythic-creatures/land/beyond-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ]] ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Jilek-Aall |first1=Louise |date=June 1972 |title=What is a Sasquatch — or, the Problematics of Reality Testing |journal=[[Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=243–247 |doi=10.1177/070674377201700312 |s2cid=3205204 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Munro |first1=Kate |date=May 14, 2019 |title=North America's Sasquatch: finding fact within the fable |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |access-date=December 27, 2021 |website=sbs.com |publisher=[[NITV]] |archive-date=December 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227174858/https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/05/14/north-americas-sasquatch-finding-fact-within-fable |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ == 
[[File:2016ShawneeBigfoot.jpg|thumb|upright|ⴰⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ &quot;ⵙⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛ&quot;, ⴳ &quot;ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵛⴰⵡⵏⵉ&quot;, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵡⴰ. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shawnee Forest Bigfoot |url=https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |website=enjoyillinois.com |access-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412010031/https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/shawnee-forest-bigfoot |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴱⵓ '''ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ '''ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ''' ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵃⴷⵎⴰⵛ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ, ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ [[ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ|ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ]] (ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;skepdic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/bigfoot.html |title=Bigfoot [a.k.a. Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas, Mapinguari (the Amazon), Sasquatch, Yowie (Australia) and Yeti (Asia)] |publisher=The Skeptic's Dictionary |access-date=August 17, 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040152/http://skepdic.com/bigfoot.html| archive-date= September 14, 2008 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |title=Sasquatch |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |access-date=April 7, 2013 |archive-date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515045710/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524755/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⵊⴰⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6 ⴰⵔ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ (1.8–2.7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ),  ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ [[ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ|ⵜⵖⵣⵉ]] ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (3.0–4.6 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sasquatch |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |website=merriam-webster.com |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424085438/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Sasquatch |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵜ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot) ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ [[ⵉⴷⴷⵓ|ⵉⴷⴷⴰ]] (ⵉⴱⵓⵖⴰⵙ) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Boivin |first1=John |title=Bigfoot or moose? Possible sighting shocks, excites residents of small B.C. community |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=January 16, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/7581006/bigfoot-or-moose-possible-sighting-shocks-excites-residents-of-small-b-c-community/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵏ ⵓⴷⵎ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Saba |title=Bigfoot in Canada: Inside the hunt for proof — or at least a good photo |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |website=globalnews.ca |publisher=[[Global News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=August 14, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://globalnews.ca/news/8070027/bigfoot-canada-photo-video/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='No joke': B.C. minister laughs off lawsuit claiming proof of Bigfoot |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/no-joke-bc-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot/ |website=ctvnews.ca |publisher=[[CTV News]] |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221171512/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/no-joke-b-c-minister-laughs-off-lawsuit-claiming-proof-of-bigfoot-1.3656876 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵖ [[ⴹⴰⵍⴰⵚ]] (The Dalles), ⵓⵔⵉⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵛⵛⵓⵕⴹⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ &quot;ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ&quot;, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ &quot;ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cahill |first1=Tim |title=Giant Hairy Apes in the North Woods: A Bigfoot Study |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |website=Rolling Stone |access-date=February 25, 2022 |date=May 10, 1973 |archive-date=February 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225223630/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/giant-hairy-apes-in-the-north-woods-a-bigfoot-study-242257/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵍⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴹⵏⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴷ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴷⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ|ⵓⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣ]] ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Brulliard |first1=Karin |title=Is bigfoot just an upright-walking bear? We asked the experts. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=July 5, 2016 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104145406/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/05/is-bigfoot-just-an-upright-walking-bear-we-asked-the-experts/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; . ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ [[ⴰⵍⵍⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ &quot;ⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ&quot; ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵖ|ⵓⵡⵔⴰⵖ]] ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵙ [[ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⵓⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hodgin |first1=Carrie |title=Glowing Red-Eyes: Bigfoot Sightings Reported At Night In Mocksville |url=https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |work=[[WFMY-TV]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |agency= |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523104012/https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/local/glowing-red-eyes-bigfoot-sightings-reported-at-night-in-mocksville/83-2cac1b3e-c842-4f43-949d-764f0dad5c97 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⵛ, ⴰⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ|ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ]] ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⴳⵉ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ (ⵜⵉⵡⵡⴰⴽ), ⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵔⴽⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵏⴳⵔ [[ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳ|ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ]], ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ ⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nickell |first1=Joe |title=Bigfoot Eyeshine: A Contradiction |url=https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |website=centerforinquiry.org |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=March 18, 2021 |date=September 28, 2017 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616050935/https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/bigfoot_eyeshine_a_contradiction/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵕⴰⴳ''', ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ '''ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot Discovery Museum), ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴹⴰ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ: &quot;ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵛⵜ ⵉⴽⵏⵡⴹⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⴹⵕⵓⵚ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Michelle |title='We know it's a Bigfoot because of the scream and the smell': The man who saw Sasquatch |url=https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |website=sfgate.com |publisher=SFGate |access-date=December 21, 2021 |date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221025645/https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/bigfoot-discovery-museum-michael-rugg-16710725.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⵉⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴽⵎⵏ 24 ⵉⵏⵛ (610 ⵎⵎ) ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙ 8 ⵉⵏⵛ (200 ⵎⵎ) ⵖ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵓⵜ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot; /&gt; 

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵓⴱⴱⴰⵣⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ [[ⵜⵉⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ|ⵜⴼⴷⵏⵉⵏ]] ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ [[ⴰⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔ|ⵉⴱⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ]].&lt;ref name=&quot;SI_Nickell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i/ |title=Investigative Files: Mysterious Entities of the Pacific Northwest, Part I |first=Joe |last=Nickell |author-link=Joe Nickell |date=January 2007 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828034302/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/mysterious_entities_of_the_pacific_northwest_part_i |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 24, 2010 |title=SDNHM – Black Bear Sign |url=http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524154832/http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/mammals/bearsign.html |archive-date=May 24, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⴱⴰⵢⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵉⵙⴼⵉⵡ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵙ &quot;ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵓⴳⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Goodavage&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Goodavage |first=Maria |title=Hunt for Bigfoot Attracts True Believers |newspaper=USA Today |date=May 24, 1996 |url=http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314183111/http://web.ncf.ca/bz050/HomePage.usatbf.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot; ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot;, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵣⵔⵓⴳ (ⴰⴼⵓⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ) ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴷⵓⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mil07&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Meldrum |first=Jeff |title=Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science |publisher=Macmillan |year=2007 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50 |access-date=February 19, 2010 |isbn=978-0-7653-1217-4 |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216154000/https://books.google.com/books?id=ggeQHFa5E7AC&amp;q=salish+sasquatch&amp;pg=PA50#v=snippet&amp;q=salish%20sasquatch&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ &quot;ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵯⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ&quot;, ⵏⵖ ⴷ &quot;ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴹⵓⵥⵏⵉⵏ&quot;, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴱⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵙⵍⴰⴷ ⵓⴷⵎ, ⵉⴹⴰⵕⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ (ⴷ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴼⴰⴷⴷⵏ, ⵉⵖⵎⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ) ⵖⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⵏ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bartholomew2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Forth2007&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Forth |first1=Gregory |title=Images of the Wildman Inside and Outside Europe |journal=Folklore |date=2007 |volume=118 |issue=3 |pages=261–281 |doi=10.1080/00155870701621772|s2cid=161789895 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Painted_Rock_Tulare_County.jpg|thumb|left|ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵔⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⴰ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ (Tulare County, ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵕⵏⵢⴰ). ]]

ⵖ ⵓⴳⵯⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴷⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵟⵓⵍⵉ (Tule River Indian Reservation), ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵙⵉⵜ ⵏ &quot;ⵢⵓⴽⵓⵜⵙ&quot; (Yokuts) ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵏ &quot;ⴰⵥⵕⵓ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ&quot; (Painted Rock), ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⴽⴰⵜⵉ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⴰⵡⵉⵜⵣ ⵙⵜⵔⴰⵢⵏ (Kathy Moskowitz Strain), ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2008 ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ &quot;ⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ, ⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⴱⴰⵍⵏ, ⵉⵖⵥⵏⴰⵏ: ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵖ ⵜⵡⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵚⵍⵉⵢⵜ&quot;, ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ &quot;ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ&quot; (the Family).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Was Big Foot at the Reservation? |url=https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |website=recorderonline.com |publisher=[[Porterville Recorder]] |access-date=May 10, 2021 |date=November 14, 2013 |archive-date=May 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510205236/https://www.recorderonline.com/was-big-foot-at-the-reservation/article_92f4cf6c-e5eb-51c7-a558-d5529203c665.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙ &quot;ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ&quot; (ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴽ ⴷⴰⵜⴰⵜ), ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴹⴽⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⵎⵓⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ 1,000 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Moskowitz Strain |first1=Kathy |title=MAYAK DATAT: THE HAIRY MAN PICTOGRAPHS |url=https://www.isu.edu/media/libraries/rhi/research-papers/Mayak-Datat-Hairy-Man-Pictographs-1.pdf |website=isu.edu |publisher=THE RELICT HOMINOID INQUIRY |access-date=March 11, 2024 |date=2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵏⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵉⵚⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 16 ⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ &quot;ⵉⵏⵎⵎⵓⵜⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⴰⵙ&quot; (Dark Watchers), ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴼ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵍⴳⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵖ ⵢⵉⴹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Almond |first1=Elliott |title=Trekking California's mysterious Bigfoot trail |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |access-date=February 3, 2022 |agency=[[The Mercury News]] |date=January 31, 2022 |archive-date=February 2, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202203836/https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/31/trekking-californias-mysterious-bigfoot-trail/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙⵉⴱⵉ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵇⵏⵉⵙ ⴰⵄⵉⵙⴰⵡ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵜⵛⵉⵣ (Natchez) ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1721, ⵢⵓⵍⵙ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ, ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵖⵓⵢⵢⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵊⴼⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Grayson |first1=Walt |title=Focused on Mississippi: &quot;Bigfoot Bash&quot; to be held in Natchez on November 4th |url=https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |website=wjtv.com |publisher=[[WJTV]] |access-date=November 26, 2021 |date=November 1, 2021 |archive-date=November 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126200318/https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-bigfoot-bash-to-be-held-in-natchez-on-november-4th/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵛⵉⵔⵓⴽⵉⵢⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵜⵙⵓⵍ ⴽⴰⵍⵓ (Tsul 'Kalu), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵙⵉⵔⵡⵉⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷ &quot;ⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⴽⵏⴰⵏⵉⵏ&quot; ⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵍⴰⵛ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Lee |first1=D.W. |date=December 29, 2023 |title=IN THE SHADOWS: The legend of Judaculla, the Cherokee Devil |url=https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131172842/https://www.stilwelldemocrat.com/community/in-the-shadows-the-legend-of-judaculla-the-cherokee-devil/article_12f4001a-a3ff-11ee-bf18-1fbdd84df632.html |archive-date=January 31, 2024 |access-date=January 31, 2024 |website=stilwelldemocrat.com |publisher=The Stilwell Democrat Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⵓⵜⵉⵇ (Alutiiq) ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵏⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵍⵙⵏ ⴼ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ (Nantinaq), ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵡ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Armstrong |first1=Michael |title=New reality-TV show explores Nantinaq stories |url=https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |website=peninsulaclarion.com |publisher=[[Peninsula Clarion]] |access-date=December 6, 2023 |date=December 15, 2021 |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207180709/https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/life/new-reality-tv-show-explores-nantinaq-stories/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⵍⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⴰⴼⵣⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵉⵙⴽⵓⴼⵔⵉ+ « Alaskan Killer Bigfoot » (ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴱⵉ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴰⵕⴽⴰ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰⵇ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ. ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵔⵜⵍⵓⴽ (Portlock) ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 1940.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=November 30, 2021|title=New Show Set in Portlock Explores Legend of Bigfoot|url=https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|access-date=December 6, 2023|website=KBBI AM 890|language=en|archive-date=February 12, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240212085035/https://www.kbbi.org/local-news/2021-11-30/new-show-set-in-portlock-explores-legend-of-bigfoot|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵎⵎⴰⵎⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵙⵙⵉⵡⵉⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⵓⵏⵛⴽⴰⵏⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵓⵇⴰⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⴽⴰⵏⴰ ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1840. ⵡⴰⵍⴽⵔ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵣⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⴱⵛⵛⵉⵔ ⴰⴱⵔⵓⵜⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ, ⵉⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵖⵉⵣⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⴷⵖⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵙⴱⵓⴽⴰⵏ (Spokane), ⵡⴰⵛⵉⵏⵟⵓⵏ. ⵉⵎⴰⵏⵟⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴼⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵔⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵍⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⵯⵎⴰⵔⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |title=The Diary of Elkanah Walker |publisher=Bigfoot Encounters |access-date=August 1, 2007 |archive-date=October 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007085252/http://www.bigfootencounters.com/classics/walker.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵜⴰⵙⵙⴼⵉⴼⵜ ⵏ Patterson–Gimlin ==
[[File:Bigfoot - Patterson–Gimlin Film - Stabilized - 10-20-1967.webm|thumb|ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵣⵓⵣⴳⴰⵏ ⵙⵖ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ]]

ⴳ 20 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1967, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵕⵓⵊⵔ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ (Roger Patterson) ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵕⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ &quot;ⴱⵓⴱ&quot; ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (Robert &quot;Bob&quot; Gimlin) ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵡⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ docudrama ⴼ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⴰⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ &quot;ⴱⵍⴰⴼ ⴽⵔⵉⴽ&quot; (Bluff Creek) ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵔⵏⵢⴰ. ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵎⵏⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵙⵙⵓⵍⴼⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ. ⴰⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵍⴰ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ 59.5 ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵖⵏ (ⵜⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ), ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ–ⴳⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (PGF), ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵥⴰ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ. ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ (PGF) ⵙⵓⵍ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵚⴽⴽⵕⴹⵏ, ⵙⵙⴼⵙⵉⵏ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵏⵙⴳⵎⴰⵢ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Rosman |first1=John |title=Film Introducing Bigfoot To World Still Mysterious 50 Years Later |url=https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518145245/https://www.opb.org/news/article/bigfoot-patterson-gimlin-sasquatch/ |archive-date=May 18, 2019 |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=opb.org |publisher=[[Oregon Public Broadcasting]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ⵉⵡⵣⵣⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵣⴷⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Daegling |first1=David J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |title=Bigfoot Exposed: An Anthropologist Examines America's Enduring Legend |date=2004 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=978-0-7591-1523-1 |page=108 |access-date=December 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002435/https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA108 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴷ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴽⴰ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵙⴼⵔⵓ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵏⴷⴼ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Buhs |first1=Joshua Blu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |title=Bigfoot: The Life and Times of a Legend |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-226-50215-1 |page=75 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212002644/https://books.google.com/books/?id=RI4SlHwH7h0C&amp;pg=PA190 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵕⵉ ==
ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵎⵏⴰⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot) ⴳ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pirnia |first1=Garin |date=October 31, 2014 |title=The 10 Most Entertaining Movies About Bigfoot |url=https://www.esquire.com/entertainment/movies/a30709/bigfoot-movies/ |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=esquire.com |publisher=[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⵔ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⴼⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵥⴹⴰⵎⵏ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⴰⵕⵉⴹⵏ ⴷⵔⵓⵙⵏⵉⵏ,&lt;ref&gt;ⵥⵕ ⵖⵉⴷ

{{cite web |last1=Lealos |first1=Shawn |date=November 2, 2023 |title=The 15 Best Bigfoot Movies Ranked |url=https://screenrant.com/best-bigfoot-movies-ranked/ |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=screenrant.com |publisher=[[Screen Rant]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵎⵍⴰ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵓⵔⴰⵙ (ⵉⵛⴰⵟⵕ) ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ « Harry and the Hendersons » (1987).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Knipfel |first1=Jim |date=May 9, 2018 |title=The Golden Age of Bigfoot Movies |url=https://www.denofgeek.com/culture/the-golden-age-of-bigfoot-movies/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415070058/https://www.denofgeek.com/culture/the-golden-age-of-bigfoot-movies/ |archive-date=April 15, 2021 |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=denofgeek.com |publisher=[[Den of Geek]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ « Sasquatch Sunset » (2024) ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵉ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵖⴼ ⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴽⵓⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵏⴰⴳⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵥⵕⴰⵏ,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Topich |first1=Al |date=March 9, 2024 |title='Sasquatch Sunset' latest Bigfoot flick to surface |url=https://www.arkansasonline.com/news/2024/may/09/filmscene-opinion-sasquatch-sunset-latest-bigfoot/ |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=arkansasonline.com |publisher=[[Arkansas Democrat-Gazette]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵖ ⴳ ⵓⴼⵣⵢⵓⵏ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵏⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵡⵜ (reality TV) ⴷ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵙⵙⵓⵔⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵢⵓⵔⵜ (paranormal), ⴳⵔ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ: « Finding Bigfoot » (2011), « Mountain Monsters » (2013), « 10 Million Dollar Bigfoot Bounty » (2014), « Expedition Bigfoot » (2019), ⴷ « Alaskan Killer Bigfoot » (2021).

== ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵢⵜ ==
[[File:&quot;Remer Welcomes You&quot; Sign.jpg|thumb|ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴽⵛⵎ ⵏ ⵔⵉⵎⵔ, ⴰⵔ ⴽⵏ ⵉⵙⴱⵔⵔⴰⴽ, ⵎⵉⵏⵉⵙⵓⵜⴰ]]
ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot) ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷⵉⴷⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴼⵍⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵔⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵢⵜ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Cataneo |first1=Emily |date=July 18, 2024 |title=Yeti or Not, Here They Come |url=https://www.theassemblync.com/place/bigfoot-hunters-north-carolina/ |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=heassemblync.com |publisher=The Assembly NC}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵉⵍⵓ ⴽⵔⵉⴽ (Willow Creek) ⴳ ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵔⵏⵢⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵥⵕⵕⴰ ⵉⵅⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ « ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ».&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Eliot |first1=Krissy |title=Greetings from Willow Creek, Bigfoot Capital of the World |url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2019-08-29/greetings-willow-creek |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210220053653/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2019-08-29/greetings-willow-creek |archive-date=February 20, 2021 |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=alumni.berkeley.edu |publisher=[[UC Berkeley]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵉⵍⵓ ⴽⵔⵉⴽ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⵏⵎⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ « Bigfoot Daze » ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 1960, ⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⴷⴷⵓ ⵙ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵏ–ⵊⵉⵎⵍⵉⵏ (Patterson–Gimlin).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Painter |first1=Alysia |date=July 21, 2021 |title=Bigfoot Days Will Stomp Back Into Willow Creek |url=https://www.nbclosangeles.com/worth-the-trip/bigfoot-days-will-stomp-back-into-willow-creek/2637861/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210722192955/https://www.nbclosangeles.com/worth-the-trip/bigfoot-days-will-stomp-back-into-willow-creek/2637861/ |archive-date=July 22, 2021 |access-date=July 22, 2021 |website=NBC Los Angeles |publisher=[[KNBC]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵊⵉⴼⵉⵔⵚⵓⵏ (Jefferson) ⴳ ⵜⵉⴽⵚⴰⵚ ⵜⵖⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵢⵉⵅⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ « ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵉⴽⵚⴰⵚ » ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bigfoot in Jefferson Texas |url=https://visitjeffersontexas.com/bigfoot-in-jefferson |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=visitjeffersontexas.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⵙⴰⵙ (Texas Bigfoot Conference) ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Larson |first1=Lauren |date=November 28, 2023 |title=In the Misinformation Age, Believing In Bigfoot Is Harder Than Ever |url=https://www.texasmonthly.com/being-texan/bigfoot-conference-east-texas-misinformation-age/ |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=texasmonthly.com |publisher=[[Texas Monthly]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵖ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⵔⵍⵙⴰ == 
ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴰⵡ-ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ (subculture) ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴳⴰⵢⵢⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵍⵏ ⵉ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=O'Connor |first1=John |title=The Secret History of Bigfoot: Field Notes on a North American Monster |date=2024 |publisher=Sourcebooks |isbn=978-1-4642-1663-3}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⴳⴳⵍ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴰⵙ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵜⵡⴰⵍⵍ « Squatching » ⵏⵖ ⴷ « Squatchin' » ⵏⵖ ⴷ « Squatch'n »,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Agnone |first1=Annie |date=September 20, 2013 |title=How to: Find Bigfoot |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/article/how-to-find-bigfoot |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220325124217/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/article/how-to-find-bigfoot |archive-date=March 25, 2022 |access-date=March 18, 2021 |website=nationalgeographic.com |publisher=[[National Geographic]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⵜⵡⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴰⴽⴰⴽ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⵏ ⴰⵏⵉⵎⴰⵍ ⴱⵍⴰⵏⵉⵜ (Animal Planet) « Finding Bigfoot » (ⵉⴼⵉ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ). ⵉⵎⵙⵉⴳⴳⵉⵍⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵉⴳⴼⵓⵜ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴼⵍⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⴰⵙⵏ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ « Bigfooters » ⵏⵖ « Squatchers ».&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Keough |first1=Peter |date=April 14, 2021 |title=In Focus: Are you a 'Squatcher'? That's what believers in Bigfoot are called |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/2021/04/14/arts/focus-are-you-squatcher-thats-what-believers-bigfoot-are-called/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210716161926/https://www.bostonglobe.com/2021/04/14/arts/focus-are-you-squatcher-thats-what-believers-bigfoot-are-called/ |archive-date=July 16, 2021 |access-date=July 16, 2021 |website=The Boston Globe}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵡⵉⴷ ⵜⵜⵍⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ 20: ⴱⵉⵜⵔ ⵙⵉ. ⴱⵉⵔⵏ (Peter C. Byrne), ⵔⵉⵏⵉ ⴷⴰⵀⵉⵏⴷⵏ (René Dahinden), ⵊⵓⵏ ⴳⵔⵉⵏ (John Green) ⴷ ⴳⵔⵓⴼⵔ ⴽⵔⴰⵏⵜⵣ (Grover Krantz) ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴰⵙⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⵣⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⵙⵏⵓⴼⵔⵎⵓⴷⵔ (cryptozoologist) ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵍⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴽⵓⵍⵎⴰⵏ (Loren Coleman) ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ « ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⵉⵎⵏⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵙⴽⵡⴰⵜⵛⵉⵜ » (Four Horsemen of Sasquatchery).&lt;ref&gt;Coleman, Loren (2015). &quot;John Willison Green&quot; (PDF). The Relict Hominoid Inquiry (4): 3. Retrieved February 23, 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; 

ⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ (conférences) ⴷ ⵉⵏⵎⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵍⴰⵢⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ (Bigfoot) ⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵜⵜⴰⵡⵉⵏⵜ ⴰⴼⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴷⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵜⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵏⵜ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hernandez |first1=Elizabeth |date=July 30, 2024 |title=The business of Bigfoot: Sasquatch tourism brings cryptid-curious to Colorado |url=https://www.unionleader.com/news/back_page/the-business-of-bigfoot-sasquatch-tourism-brings-cryptid-curious-to-colorado/article_d9e887a0-4ead-11ef-b277-d78831dd6801.html |access-date=July 31, 2024 |work=[[New Hampshire Union Leader]] |publisher= |agency=}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=April 26, 2021 |title=Ohio Bigfoot Conference is sold out |url=https://www.daily-jeff.com/story/news/2021/04/26/ohio-bigfoot-conference-sold-out/7380695002/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525165005/https://www.daily-jeff.com/story/news/2021/04/26/ohio-bigfoot-conference-sold-out/7380695002/ |archive-date=May 25, 2021 |access-date=May 25, 2021 |website=daily-jeff.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Whipkey |first1=Brian |date=May 12, 2021 |title=New Bigfoot festival in Forest County, Pa., continues search for Sasquatch in June |url=https://www.goerie.com/story/sports/2021/05/12/bigfoot-sasquatch-festival-hunt-allegheny-national-forest-in-county-marienville-pa-pennsylvania/4956793001/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525165005/https://www.goerie.com/story/sports/2021/05/12/bigfoot-sasquatch-festival-hunt-allegheny-national-forest-in-county-marienville-pa-pennsylvania/4956793001/ |archive-date=May 25, 2021 |access-date=May 25, 2021 |website=goerie.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;ⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵓⵏⴰⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵉⵏⴱⴳⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵉⵡⵍⵏ, ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵏⴰⴷⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵔⵣⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵜ, ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴰⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵔⵉⴷ (live music), ⵉⵎⵣⵣⵏⵣⴰ (ⵉⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵏ), ⵉⴽⵓⵎⵢⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ (food trucks), ⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⵍⴰⵜⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵛⴰⵍⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵍⵙⵉ (costumes) ⴷ ⵉⵎⵛⴰⵍⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ « ⵓⵙⵖⵓⵢⵢⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ » (Bigfoot howl).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Carden |first1=Curtis |date=February 26, 2021 |title=Smoky Mountain Bigfoot Festival coming to Townsend May 22 |url=https://www.wate.com/news/local-news/smoky-mountain-bigfoot-festival-coming-to-townsend-may-22/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525165005/https://www.wate.com/news/local-news/smoky-mountain-bigfoot-festival-coming-to-townsend-may-22/ |archive-date=May 25, 2021 |access-date=May 25, 2021 |website=wate.com |publisher=[[WATE-TV]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Conley |first1=Mike |date=March 26, 2021 |title=Western NC Bigfoot Festival coming back for 2021 |url=https://statesville.com/news/state-and-regional/western-nc-bigfoot-festival-coming-back-for-2021/article_d4e700af-f6a1-59a6-835d-fe7832bab1aa.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525165005/https://statesville.com/news/state-and-regional/western-nc-bigfoot-festival-coming-back-for-2021/article_d4e700af-f6a1-59a6-835d-fe7832bab1aa.html |archive-date=May 25, 2021 |access-date=May 25, 2021 |website=statesville.com |publisher=[[The McDowell News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ⵖ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ==
ⵉⴼⵍ '''ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ''' (Bigfoot) ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵎⵣⴰⵣⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴽⵍ ⵊⵓⵔⴷⴰⵏ (Michael Jordan) ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵓⵜⴰⴳⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Donaldson |first1=Kevin |date=June 6, 2014 |title=Bigfoot: The Next Big Paranormal Pop Culture Craze? |url=https://younghollywood.com/scene/bigfoot-the-next-big-paranormal-pop-culture-craze.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412225048/https://younghollywood.com/scene/bigfoot-the-next-big-paranormal-pop-culture-craze.html |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |access-date=March 23, 2021 |publisher=[[Young Hollywood]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Daegling 2004, p. 4.&lt;/ref&gt; ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2018, ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵎⵉⵜⵙⵓⵏⵢⴰⵏ (Smithsonian): « ⴰⵍⵓⵍⵍⵓⵢ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⴽⵎ ⴰⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ».&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Crair |first1=Ben |date=September 2018 |title=Why Do So Many People Still Want to Believe in Bigfoot? |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217082643/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-so-many-people-still-believe-in-bigfoot-180970045/ |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |access-date=December 14, 2020 |website=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⴳⴳⵯ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴳ 2020 ⵉⵙⴽⵏ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ 10 ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵎⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴼⵍⵙⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵉⴳⴰ « ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⵉⴷⴷⵔⵏ, ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵙ [[ⵜⵉⴷⵜ]] ».&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Brode |first1=Noah |date=May 11, 2020 |title=Bigfoot is Real (For 11% of U.S. Adults) |url=https://civicscience.com/bigfoot-is-real-for-11-of-u-s-adults/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410121821/https://civicscience.com/bigfoot-is-real-for-11-of-u-s-adults/ |archive-date=April 10, 2021 |access-date=March 23, 2021 |website=civicscience.com |publisher=CivicScience}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⵖ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⵣⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⴳ [[ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ]] 2023, ⵉⵡⴰⵍⵉⵡⵏ &quot;Bigfoot&quot; ⴷ &quot;Sasquatch&quot; ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⴳⴳⵍ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 200,000 ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⴳ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ]], ⴷ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 660,000 ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Fechino |first1=Ashlee |date=May 2, 2023 |title=Myths and Legends: The Most Popular Cryptids in Every US State |url=https://wealthofgeeks.com/cryptids/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930215434/https://wealthofgeeks.com/cryptids/ |archive-date=September 30, 2023 |access-date=September 13, 2023 |website=wealthofgeeks.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2025, ⵜⵉⵡⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵓⵏⵉⴽⵓⴷ (Unicode Consortium) ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⵉⵎⵓⵊⵉ]] (emoji) ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⵟⵟⴰⵃ ⵎⵉ ⵙⵎⵍⴰⵏ &quot;ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡ ⴱⵓ ⴰⵏⵥⴰⴹⵏ&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Campbell |first1=Ian Carlos |date=July 21, 2025 |title=Unicode's new emoji refuses to put respect on Bigfoot's name |url=https://www.engadget.com/mobile/unicodes-new-emoji-refuses-to-put-respect-on-bigfoots-name-184412935.html |access-date=July 28, 2025 |website=engadget.com |publisher=Engadget}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== ⵓⵖⵏⵉⵡⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ ==

# ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ (Almas) – [[ⴰⵙⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ]] (ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵙⵢⴰ)
# ⴰⵎ ⴼⵉⵔ ⵍⵢⴰⵜ ⵎⵓⵔ (Am Fear Liath Mòr) – [[ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]]
# ⴰⵎⵓⵎⵓⵏⴳⵓ (Amomongo) – [[ⴼⵉⵍⵉⴱⵉⵏ]]
# ⴱⴰⵔⵎⴰⵏⵓ (Barmanou) – [[ⴰⴼⵖⴰⵏⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ]] / [[ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ]]
# ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ-ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵡ ⵏ ⴱⵓⴽⵉⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵀ (Bukit Timah Monkey Man) – [[ⵙⵉⵏⵖⴰⴼⵓⵔⴰ]]
# ⵉⴱⵓ ⴳⵓⴳⵓ (Ebu Gogo) – [[ⴰⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ|ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ]]
# ⵜⴰⵔⵢⴰⵍ ⵏ ⴼⵓⴽⵉ (Fouke Monster) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]] ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ
# ⵀⵉⴱⴰⴳⵓⵏ (Hibagon) – [[ⵊⵊⴰⴱⴱⵓⵏ]]
# ⵎⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⴱⴰⵔⵓⵏⴳ (Mande Barung) – [[ⵀⵉⵏⴷⵓⵙⵜⴰⵏ|ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ]]
# ⵎⵉⵙⵜⴰⴱⵉⵡ (Mistapew) – ⵜⵉⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ
# ⵜⵉⵍⴳⵓⵏⴽⵉⵢⵉⵏ (Algonquin) ⵎⵓⵎⵓ ⴷ ⴰⵏⵥⴹⴰⵎ (Momo the Monster) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ]]
# ⵏⵉⵜⴰⵢⵡⵓ (Nittaewo) – [[ⵙⵔⵉ ⵍⴰⵏⴽⴰ|ⵙⵔⵉⵍⴰⵏⴽⴰ]]
# ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙ (Orang Mawas) – [[ⵎⴰⵍⵉⵣⵢⴰ]]
# ⵓⵔⴰⵏⴳ ⴱⵉⵏⴷⵉⴽ (Orang Pendek) – [[ⴰⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ|ⵉⵏⴷⵓⵏⵉⵙⵢⴰ]]
# ⵙⵉⵙⵉⵎⵉⵜⵓ (Sisimito) – [[ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ|ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ]]
# ⴰⴱⴹⵓⴹ-ⵙⴽⵓⵏⴽ (Skunk ape) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ]]
# ⵓⵔⴰⵢⵓⵍⵉ (Urayuli) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]], [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ]]
# ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵉⴹⵓⵥⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵥⴳⵉ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵡⵃⵛⵉ (Wild Man of the Navidad) – [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]] ([[ⵜⵉⴽⵚⴰⵚ]])
# ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ (Yeren) – [[ⵛⵛⵉⵏⵡⴰ]]
# ⵢⵉⵜⵉ (Yeti) – [[ⵜⴰⵣⵉⵜ|ⴰⵙⵢⴰ]]
# ⵢⵓⵡⵉ (Yowie) – [[ⵓⵙⵜⵔⴰⵍⵢⴰ]]

== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
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  </page>
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    <title>ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ (ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢⵜ)</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-27T12:53:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Abdelhaque Id Ali</username>
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      <comment>Created by translating the opening section from the page &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1382222476|Black October (information security)]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="426" sha1="stvbpk2jpcwho4wu9pd6qww5ymgtisx" xml:space="preserve">ⴳ ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ [[ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵎⵍⴰⵏ|ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵎⵍⴰⵏ]], ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰ ⴽⵜⵓⴱⵕ ⵏ 2026 ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ &quot;ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ&quot; ⵙ ⵜⵎⵏⵜⵉⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴼⵙⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⴽⵔⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵏⵙⵍⴽⵉⵎⵉⵏ.</text>
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      <text bytes="426" sha1="t73eg7y50rycqqvgpk8ker0m96sfe8c" xml:space="preserve">ⴳ ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵎⵍⴰⵏ|ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵎⵍⴰⵏ]], ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰ ⴽⵜⵓⴱⵕ ⵏ 2026 ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ &quot;ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ&quot; ⵙ ⵜⵎⵏⵜⵉⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴼⵙⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⴽⵔⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵏⵙⵍⴽⵉⵎⵉⵏ.</text>
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      <comment>/* */</comment>
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      <text bytes="426" sha1="ma8o7v3usamaikhq9fuivywrmz6c8x6" xml:space="preserve">ⴳ ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵎⵍⴰⵏ|ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵎⵍⴰⵏ]], ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰ ⴽⵜⵓⴱⵕ ⵏ 2026 ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ &quot;ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ&quot; ⵙ ⵜⵎⵏⵜⵉⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴼⵙⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵏⵙⵍⴽⵉⵎⵉⵏ.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ⴹⵕⴰⴽⵓⵍⴰ (ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-28T09:18:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aɣaras iḍlan</username>
        <id>211</id>
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      <comment>Created page with &quot;ⵉⴳⴰ «ⴹⵕⴰⴽⵓⵍⴰ» ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⵓⵜⵉⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⵢⵉⵔⵍⴰⵏⴷ ⴱⵔⴰⵎ ⵙⵜⵓⴽⵔ (Bram Stoker) ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1897.&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="246" sha1="eoc283xlpqluign63idlpk0kh24xnbw" xml:space="preserve">ⵉⴳⴰ «ⴹⵕⴰⴽⵓⵍⴰ» ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⵓⵜⵉⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⵢⵉⵔⵍⴰⵏⴷ ⴱⵔⴰⵎ ⵙⵜⵓⴽⵔ (Bram Stoker) ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1897.</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>197944</id>
      <parentid>197943</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-28T09:30:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aɣaras iḍlan</username>
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      <text bytes="966" sha1="hw99x0hc9tm5b12fq06svpsbnm6rzxy" xml:space="preserve">{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
ⵉⴳⴰ «ⴹⵕⴰⴽⵓⵍⴰ» ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⵓⵜⵉⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⵢⵉⵔⵍⴰⵏⴷ ⴱⵔⴰⵎ ⵙⵜⵓⴽⵔ (Bram Stoker) ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1897.

ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵜⴱⵔⴰⵜⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⴽⵜⴰⵢ ⵉⵡⵙⵙⴼⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵎⵉⵙⵉⵏ. ⵓⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⴰⵣ ⴽⴰ; ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵙⵙⵏⵜⴰⵢ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⵣⵣⴰⵔⴼⵓ (ⴰⵡⴽⵉⵍ) ⴰⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵉ, ⵊⵓⵏⴰⵜⴰⵏ ⵀⴰⵔⴽⵔ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵖⵕⵎ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⵎⵖⵓⵕ ⵖ ⵜⵔⴰⵏⵙⵉⵍⴼⴰⵏⵢⴰ, ⵍⴽⵓⵏⵟ ⴹⵕⴰⴽⵓⵍⴰ.

== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
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        <id>211</id>
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      <comment>/* */</comment>
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ⵉⴳⴰ «'''ⴹⵕⴰⴽⵓⵍⴰ'''» ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ]] ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵡⴷⴰ]] ⵜⴰⴳⵓⵜⵉⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ [[ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ (ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ)|ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ]] [[ⵉⵔⵍⴰⵏⴷⴰ|ⴰⵢⵉⵔⵍⴰⵏⴷ]] [[ⴱⵔⴰⵎ ⵙⵜⵓⴽⵔ]] (Bram Stoker) ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1897.

ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵜⴱⵔⴰⵜⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⴽⵜⴰⵢ ⵜⵉⵡⵙⵙⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵎⵉⵙⵉⵏ. ⵓⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⴰⵣ ⴽⴰ; ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵙⵙⵏⵜⴰⵢ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⵣⵣⴰⵔⴼⵓ (ⴰⵡⴽⵉⵍ) [[ⵏⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣ|ⴰⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵉ]], '''ⵊⵓⵏⴰⵜⴰⵏ ⵀⴰⵔⴽⵔ''', ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵖⵕⵎ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⵎⵖⵓⵕ ⵖ [[ⵜⵔⴰⵏⵙⵉⵍⴼⴰⵏⵢⴰ]], '''ⵍⴽⵓⵏⵟ ⴹⵕⴰⴽⵓⵍⴰ'''.

== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-28T10:02:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aɣaras iḍlan</username>
        <id>211</id>
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      <comment>/* */</comment>
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ⵉⴳⴰ «'''ⴹⵕⴰⴽⵓⵍⴰ'''» ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ]] ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵡⴷⴰ]] ⵜⴰⴳⵓⵜⵉⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ [[ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ (ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ)|ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ]] [[ⵉⵔⵍⴰⵏⴷⴰ|ⴰⵢⵉⵔⵍⴰⵏⴷ]] [[ⴱⵔⴰⵎ ⵙⵜⵓⴽⵔ]] (Bram Stoker) ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1897.

ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵜⴱⵔⴰⵜⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⴽⵜⴰⵢ ⵜⵉⵡⵙⵙⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵎⵉⵙⵉⵏ. ⵓⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⴰⵣ ⴽⴰ; ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵙⵙⵏⵜⴰⵢ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⵣⵣⴰⵔⴼⵓ (ⴰⵡⴽⵉⵍ) [[ⵏⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣ|ⴰⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵉ]], '''ⵊⵓⵏⴰⵜⴰⵏ ⵀⴰⵔⴽⵔ''', ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵖⵕⵎ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⵎⵖⵓⵕ ⵖ [[ⵜⵔⴰⵏⵙⵉⵍⴼⴰⵏⵢⴰ]], '''ⵍⴽⵓⵏⵟ ⴹⵕⴰⴽⵓⵍⴰ'''.

ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴱⴰⵢⵏ ⴹⵕⴰⴽⵓⵍⴰ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵎⵎⵏ (ⴼⴰⵎⴱⵉⵔ), ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⵜⵜⴰⵢ ⵙ ⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣ, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵜⴰⵡⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵉⵜⴱⵉ (Whitby) ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ, ⵉⵎⵓⵏ ⵀⴰⵔⴽⵔ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹ ⴰⴱⵔⴰⵀⴰⵎ ⴼⴰⵏ ⵀⵉⵍⵙⵉⵏⴳ (Abraham Van Helsing), ⴰⵔ ⴳⵯⵎⵎⵔⵏ ⵍⴽⵓⵏⵟ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵜ ⵏⵖⴰⵏ.

== ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ==</text>
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