Umbuso Ohlangeneyo

<mediawiki xmlns="http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.11/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.11/ http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.11.xsd" version="0.11" xml:lang="zu">
  <siteinfo>
    <sitename>Wikipedia</sitename>
    <dbname>zuwiki</dbname>
    <base>https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikhasi_Elikhulu</base>
    <generator>MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.1</generator>
    <case>first-letter</case>
    <namespaces>
      <namespace key="-2" case="first-letter">Media</namespace>
      <namespace key="-1" case="first-letter">Special</namespace>
      <namespace key="0" case="first-letter" />
      <namespace key="1" case="first-letter">Talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="2" case="first-letter">User</namespace>
      <namespace key="3" case="first-letter">User talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="4" case="first-letter">Wikipedia</namespace>
      <namespace key="5" case="first-letter">Wikipedia talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="6" case="first-letter">File</namespace>
      <namespace key="7" case="first-letter">File talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="8" case="first-letter">MediaWiki</namespace>
      <namespace key="9" case="first-letter">MediaWiki talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="10" case="first-letter">Template</namespace>
      <namespace key="11" case="first-letter">Template talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="12" case="first-letter">Help</namespace>
      <namespace key="13" case="first-letter">Help talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="14" case="first-letter">Category</namespace>
      <namespace key="15" case="first-letter">Category talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="710" case="first-letter">TimedText</namespace>
      <namespace key="711" case="first-letter">TimedText talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="828" case="first-letter">Module</namespace>
      <namespace key="829" case="first-letter">Module talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="1728" case="first-letter">Event</namespace>
      <namespace key="1729" case="first-letter">Event talk</namespace>
    </namespaces>
  </siteinfo>
  <page>
    <title>Umbuso Ohlangeneyo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3571</id>
    <revision>
      <id>123145</id>
      <parentid>123109</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-08T09:02:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Edwin Ndaba</username>
        <id>13909</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ngifake isahluko sezomnotho</comment>
      <origin>123145</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="23607" sha1="1y1l1cnpgwi9559ixkoy13unya981b0" xml:space="preserve">{{DISPLAYTITLE:Umbuso Ohlangeneyo}}
{{Infobox izwe|igama=Umbuso Ohlangeneyo|igama_ivamile=iBhulithani|igama_ikhulu=Umbuso Ohlangeneyo waseBhulithani Nkulu naseNyakatho Ayilendi|ifulegi=Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(1-2).svg|image_coat=Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(2022,_both_variants).svg|isaga_wesizwe=eNgilandi naseAyilendi: &quot;''Dieu et mon droit''&quot; ([[isiFulentshi]])&lt;br&gt;&quot;Unkulunkulu nelungelo lami&quot;&lt;br&gt;
esiKotilandi: &quot;''Nemo me impune lacessit''&quot; ([[isiLatini]])&lt;br&gt;&quot;Ongicasulayo uzophendula&quot;|inkondlo_wesizwe=''God save the King'' ([[isiNgisi]])&lt;br&gt;Nkulunkulu hlenga iNgonyama|inhlokodolobha=[[iLondon]]|izilimi=ngokomthetho: [[isiNgisi]]&lt;br&gt;ngezifunda: isiKhonishi, isi-Ayilendi, isiSikoti-Gelishi, isiSikoti, isiWelishi, isiSikoti sase-Ulster|idolobha_elikhulu=[[iLondon]]|ibalazwe=United_Kingdom_on_the_globe_(Europe_centered).svg|ubukhulu_km2=243610|ixuku_labantu_km2=258|uhlobo_kohulumeni=Intandoyeningi okwephalamendi ngaphansi kobunkosi bomthethosisekelo|umongameli_isithakazo1=iNgonyama|umongameli_igama1=Charles wesiThathu|umongameli_isithakazo2=iNdunankulu|umongameli_igama2=Keir Starmer|ubedala_isehlakalo1=Ukuhlanganiswa kwemiQhele yaseNgilandi nasesiKotilandi|usuku_isehlakalo1=24 kaNdasa 1603|ubedala_isehlakalo2=Imithetho yobumbano yeNgilandi nesiKotilandi|usuku_isehlakalo2=1 kaNhlaba 1707|ubedala_isehlakalo3=Imithetho yobumbano yeBhulithani Nkulu neAyilendi|usuku_isehlakalo3=1 kaMasingana 1801|ubedala_isehlakalo4=Umthetho oMthethosisekelo weZwe Khululekile lase-Ayilendi|usuku_isehlakalo4=6 kaZibandlela 1922|imali=iPondo sitelingi (GBP/£)|other1=iNkolo ngokomthetho|value1=iSonto laseNgilandi|other2=Umkhiqizophelele woMnotho (ngosobala)|value2=Izigidintathu eziyi-3.6 USD|other3=Umkhiqizophelele woMnotho hletshulwe ngamuntu (ngosobala)|value3=52,648 USD|other4=Umkhiqizophelele woMnotho (ngasilinganiso samandla emali)|value4=Izigidintathu eziyi-4.3 USD|other5=Umkhiqizophelele woMnotho hletshulwe ngamuntu (ngasilinganiso samandla emali)|value5=62,011 USD|other6=Inkomba Yentuthuko Yabantu|value6=0.946|other7=Indawo Yesikhathi|value7=+0 GMT (UTC) ngesihlobo&lt;br&gt;
+1 GMT (UTC) ngobusika|other8=Ihlangothi lokushayela|value8=ngasenxele|other9=Isifinyezo|value9=UK|abantu=68,138,484|izinhlanga=83.1% Abamhlophe&lt;br&gt;8.6% Abase-Eshiya&lt;br&gt;3.7% Abansundu&lt;br&gt;2.7%&lt;br&gt;2.7%Abaxubekiwe&lt;br&gt;2.0% Abanye|inkolo=ngokomthetho: iSonto laseNgilandi|umkhiqizophelele_isiqhathaniso_samandla_emali_unyaka=Izigidintathu eziyi-4.3 USD|umkhiqizophelele_sobala=52,648 USD|umkhiqizophelele_ngamuntu_isiqhathaniso_samandla_emali=62,011 USD|umkhiqizophelele_ngamuntu_sobala=Izigidintathu eziyi-4.5 USD|ihlangothi_lokushayela=Ngasenxele|indawo_yesikhathi=+0 UTC (esihlobo)&lt;br&gt;+1 UTC (ebusika)|inkomba_yobungalingani_gini=35.4|inkomba_yentuthuko=0.946|umkhondo_ocingo=+44}}

[[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]] ([[IsiNgisi|ngesiNgisi]]: ''United Kingdom''), ngokuphelele ngokomthetho: '''Umbuso Ohlangeneyo waseBhulithani Nkulu naseNyakatho Ayilendi''', uyisizwe onyakatho ntshonalanga [[IYurophu|eYurophu]] oqukatha iziqhingi zaseBhulithani. Ingaphakathi koLwandle waseNyakatho ngasempumalanga nasenyakatho, iLwandlekazi lase-Atlantiki ngasentshonalanga, ne-English Channel ngaseningizimu. Iseduzane nase[[IFulansi|Fulansi]] namaQhingi waseFaroe wombuso waseDanemaki. 

Ngenxa yokunqoba izizwe eziningi (ukwakha umbuso omkhulu kunazo zonke emlandweni omhlaba wonke), Umbuso Ohlangeneyo wawunethonya kwezombusazwe, kwezohwebo, zolimi, nobuchwepheshe. Abadlibezwe base-Ngilandi banqobe amomdabu base[[IMelika Enyakatho|Nyakatho Melika]] ukusungula isizwe esaziwa ngesimanje nge[[IMelika|Melika]] ngo-1783. Kusukela 1931, amakoloni lapho kwakuhlala abadlibezwe abaningi njengase-[[I-Ostreliya]] nase-[[IKhanada|Khanada]], wayenikezwe ubuzimela. Kusukela 1960, amakoloni ase-[[IAfrika|Afrika]] namanye amazekazi athole ukuzimela. Namuhla kusele amakoloni ambalwa ancane kodwa Umbuso Ohlangeneyo usaxhumene namakoloni wakudala ngenxa yobumbano we-Commonwealth of Nations.

Kusukela ikhulu lweminyaka eleshumi nanye, [[iNgilandi]] yayihlasela [[i-Ayilendi]]. Ngokuhamba kwesikathi i-Ayilendi yawela ngaphansi kobukhosi base-Ngilandi olupheleliswe ngo-1541 ma u-Henry VIII azigcoba iNkosi yase-Ayalendi. Nakuba ama-Ayilendi evukele amaNgisi ngo-1594 ku-1603, konke ukuzimela kwacishwa ngenxa yokuphumelela kwamaNgisi ekunqobeni kwama-Ayilendi. 

iNdlovukazi yase-Ngilandi u-Elizabethi I wayeyitshitshi. Ngenxa yokuthi ubundlalifa baseNgilandi babundluliswa kwabesilisa phezu kwabesifazane (nakuba abesifazane bebakhono ukubayizindlalifa uma indodana ingekho), indodana kadadewabo uMariya, iNdlovukazi yama-Skoti, u-Jakobe VI (owayebalwa ngwesiqala e-Ngilandi) wabayinkosi yase-Ngilandi nase[[IsiKotilandi|siKotilandi]] ngo-1603. Ngokubuswa iNkosi eyodwa, amaPhalamende ase-Skotilandi nase-Ngilandi ashaye Imithetho oBumbano eholele ekuhlanganweni kwalezizizwe ngo-1707.  Ngo-1861, iPhalamende yase-Ayalendi yalethwa ngaphansi kwePhalamende yoMbuso waseBhulithani Nkulu. Lokho kuholele ekusungulweni koMbuso Ohlangeneyo waseBhulithani Nkulu nase-Ayilendi. 

Ngenxa yempi yezakhamuzi yango-1919 ku-1921, i-Ayilendi yahletshulwa ngezinxenye ezimbili: yasenyakatho yegcinwa nguMbuso Ohlangeneyo kepha yaseningizimu yaphenduka isizwe esizimele, iRiphabhuliki yase-Ayilendi. Lokho kuholele ekuguqulweni kwegama kulelo esilaziyo namuhla. Umbuso Ohlangeneyo (isifinyezo: UK), sibuswe ngentandoyeningi ngenxa yokuthi iNkosi yayiphucwe amandla okubusa. i-UK isezingeni eliphezulu lentuthuko okwomnotho nobuchwepheshe – idume ngokukhiqiza ucwaningo [[Inzululwazi|onzululwazi]]. Futhi, idolobha lase-[[ILondon|London]], isiqonga sombuso, siyihola ezemalini nasezobuciko nezekugqoka. 

&lt;br /&gt;

== Umlando wegama ==
e1707 &quot;Acts of Union&quot; uhlanganisa amazwe iNgilandi nosiKotilandi.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.scotshistoryonline.co.uk/union.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190527074630/http://www.scotshistoryonline.co.uk/union.html |date=2019-05-27 }} Treaty of Union, 1706 scotshistoryonline.co.uk 23 August 2011&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=LYc1tSYonrQC&amp;pg=PA165#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false Constitutional &amp; Administrative Law p165 Barnett, Hilaire | Jago, Robert | 8th edition 2011 9780415563017 Routledge, Abingdon | 5 July 2011&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref group=&quot;note&quot;&gt;Compare to section 1 of both of the 1800 [[Acts of Union (1800)|Acts of Union]] which reads: the ''Kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland shall...be united into one Kingdom, by the Name of &quot;The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland&quot;''&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ab07 |title=History of Great Britain (from 1707) |author=[[Bamber Gascoigne]] |publisher=History World |accessdate=18 July 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Igama &quot;Umbuso Ohlangeneyo&quot; ukusebenzisa ekhulunyaka yishumi nesishiyagalombili.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/evolutionofparliament/legislativescrutiny/ | Acts of Union 1707 | parliament.uk | 21 July 2011&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/vli/visitingHolyrood/union_exhibition.pdf | Making the Act of Union 1707 | scottish.parliament.uk | 21 July 2011&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/country_profiles/7327029.stm England – Profile | BBC | 21 July 2011 | 10 February 2011&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.history.org.uk/resources/he_resource_730_9.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515023116/http://www.history.org.uk/resources/he_resource_730_9.html|date=2011-05-15}} | The Creation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707 | [[Historical Association]] | 21 July 2011&lt;/ref&gt; Igama &quot;United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland&quot; angeniswile e1927 nga-&quot;Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act&quot; ukunikela ukuzimela waFleyistata Ayilandi e1922.&lt;ref&gt;The Irish Civil War 1922–23 | Cottrell, P. | 2008 | 85 | 1846032709&lt;/ref&gt; Ushiya i-Ayilandi Senyakatho izwe kuphela esiqhingi, ukuhlanganyela wUmbuso Ohlangeneyo.
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
== Umlando phambi kwa-1066 ==
[[File:Stonehenge2007 07 30.jpg|thumb|200px|left|[[Stonehenge]], e-[[Wiltshire]], akwakha e-2500BC.]]
Abantu nguNeolithiki abazinza iminyaka yinkulungwane ngamashumi amathathu kade.&lt;ref&gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wales/south_west/7069001.stm &quot;Ancient skeleton was 'even older']&quot;. ''BBC News''. 30 October 2007. Retrieved 27 April 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; Ekupheleni [[Prehistoric Britain|ikhathi udaladala]], abantu bahlangene naqembu bambiza [[Insular Celts|Insular Celtic]], uqukatha [[Britons (historical)|Brythonic Britain]] no-[[i-Ayilendi Geyilikhi]].&lt;ref&gt;Celtic culture: A historical encyclopedia | p973 | Koch, John T. | 9781851094400 | 2006 | ABC-CLIO | Santa Barbara, CA&lt;/ref&gt; Emva kwa[[iNhlaselo iRhomani|Nhlaselo iRhomani]], uqala 43 AD, nombuso iminyaka amakhulu okune ([[Roman Britain|rule of southern Britain]]), inhlaselo [[isiJalimani]] ([[Anglo-Saxon]]).&lt;ref&gt; [[Encyclopaedia of Wales|The Welsh Academy Encyclopaedia of Wales]]&lt;nowiki&gt; | 2008 | University of Wales Press | Cardiff | 9780708319536 | p915}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; [[Anglo-Saxon England|Ingilandi wAnglo-Saxon]] uhlanganisa ung[[Umbuso iNgilandi]] ekhulunyaka yisishiyagalolunye.&lt;ref name=&quot;Short Athelstan biography on the BBC History website&quot;&gt;[http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/athelstan.shtml Short Athelstan biography on the BBC History website]&lt;/ref&gt; Okwamanje, [[abaDál Riata|abantu Geyilikhi esiKotilandi senyakatho]] (nokuhlangana e-Ayilendi impumalanga nenyakatho)&lt;ref&gt;Mackie, J.D. | A History of Scotland | London | Penguin | 1991 | 9780140136494 | p18–19&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Campbell, Ewan | Saints and Sea-kings: The First Kingdom of the Scots | Canongate | Edinburgh | 1999 | 0-86241-874-7 | p8–15&lt;/ref&gt; bahlanganisa n[[amaPikithi]] ukudala [[Umbuso isiKotilandi]].&lt;ref&gt;Christopher Haigh | The Cambridge Historical Encyclopedia of Great Britain and Ireland | Cambridge University Press | 1990 | p30 | 9780521395526&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Bayeux Tapestry WillelmDux.jpg|thumb|200px|left| i[[Bayeux Tapestry]] ubonakalisa [[ukulwa waHastings]].]]
e-1066, amasefulansi bangena iNgilandi.&lt;ref&gt;Feudalism | Ganshof, F.L. | p165 | 9780802071583 | University of Toronto | 1996&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;The debate on the Norman Conquest | p115–122 | Chibnall, Marjorie | 1999 | Manchester University Press | 9780719049132&lt;/ref&gt; Amakhosi isiNgisi banqoba iWelisi, bafeyila ukubanqoba isiKotilandi. Amakhosi isiNgisi, bamukela amaiziqithi eFulansi, namalungelo lobukhosi, pho balwa eFulansi, empi ngu-[[Impi Iminyaka Kakhulu]].&lt;ref&gt;Keen, Maurice. [http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/middle_ages/hundred_years_war_01.shtml &quot;The Hundred Years War&quot;]. BBC History.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ukuqhatha wemkolo ngenxa ya-[[Reformation]] nokungenisa wenkolo i[[Protestantism in the United Kingdom|Protestant]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/479892/Protestantism/41558/The-Reformation-in-England-and-Scotland The Reformation in England and Scotland] and [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/293754/Ireland/22978/The-Reformation-period Ireland: The Reformation Period &amp; Ireland under Elizabth I], Encyclopædia Britannica Online.&lt;/ref&gt; IWelisi [[Laws in Wales Acts 1535–1542|ukaka ngemibuso engilandi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC Tudors&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title= British History in Depth&amp;nbsp;– Wales under the Tudors |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/tudors/wales_tudors_01.shtml|accessdate=21 September 2010 |publisher=BBC History |date=5 November 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; I-Ayilandi [[Kingdom of Ireland|umbuso womshado yinskosana isiNgisi]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title= A history of the modern British Isles, 1529–1603: The two kingdoms |pages=171–172 |first=Mark |last=Nicholls |year=1999 |isbn= 9780631193340 |publisher=Blackwell |location =Oxford}}&lt;/ref&gt; e-1603, imibuso wengilandi, wesiKotilandi no-Ayilandi bahlangana womshado ngenxa ya[[James I of England|James VI, King of Scots]].

[[File:Westminster Abbey by Canaletto, 1749.jpg|thumb|200px|left| [[ILondon]]]]

== Ezombusazwe ==
{{Multiple image
| direction         = horizontal
| align             = right
| caption_align     = center
| total_width       = 320
| image1            = King Charles III (July 2023).jpg
| image2            = Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer Official Portrait (cropped).jpg
| caption1          = Charles III, iNgonyama
| caption2          = Keir Starmer, iNdunankulu
| alt1              = 
| alt2              = 
}}
Nakuba umthethosisekelo ungalotshwanga embhalweni omunye njengawaseNingizimu Afrika, imikhuba ejwayelekile, izinqumo zezinkantolo zobulungiswa kanye nemithetho eshayiwe iPhalamende, namuhla ezombusazwe Umbuso Ohlangeneyo zihamba ohlakweni wentandoyeningi yesishayamthetho ongaphansi kobunkosi bomthethosisekelo.

Umqhele umele ubukhosi, kepha ngenxa yokuhamba kwesikhathi, iNgonyama (noma iNdlovukazi) ayinalo igunya lokufezekisa imiyalo yobukhosi kanye namandle ombuso ngaphandle kwemvumo nombono wabasombangazwe abakhethwe ngabantu. Ubundalifa basebukhosini budlula ngaphandle kokubuka ubulili lokho kuchaza ukuthi abesilisa nabesifazane abayizingane zeNgonyama noma abazalwane bakhe uma enganayo inzalo banefa ngobulingana. Lokho kuchaza ukuthi amagatsha wombuso akheke ngokulandelayo:

* Isishayamthetho siqukatha Umqhele oPhalamendeni, iNdlu yeZakhamuzi, neNdlu yamaKhosi.
* Isiphatha siqukatha Umqhele oMkhandlwini kanye noMkhandlu wangaSese (kakhulu ikomiti yayo yayokuphatha: iKhabhinethi)
* Esobulungiswa siqukatha Umqhele oBhentshini nezinkantolo

Nakuba Umqhele unamandla okuphawula umthethosivivinywa, iNgonyama ayikwazi ukuhoxa imvumo yomqhele ngaphandle kokuboniswa (mpeleni ukuyalelwa) yiNdunankuku. Nakuba Umqhele unamandla okukhetha nabani na ukuba yiNdunankulu, umthetho uphoqa iNkosi ukuthi ikhethe ilunga leNdlu yeZakhamuzi elinokhono lokugcina ukwethembeka kwePhalamende (mpeleni, umholi weqembu lezombangazwe elineningi eliNdlini yeZakhamuzi). iNgonyama iphoqeke ukuqoka abongqongqoshe, abehluleli bezinkantolo eziphezulu (ngenxa yesithakazelo seNgonyama sikaMthombo wobuLungiswa), abakhuzi bamabutho ahlomileyo, kanye namabhishobhu weSonto laseNgilandi (ngenxa yesithakazelo seNgonyama sikaMbusi oPhakemeyo weSonto laseNgilandi) ngombono yeNdunankulu.

Nakuba ekuqaleni, iNdunakulu yayingusophambili ebalinganweni, ngenxa yokugcina izikhundla zikaNkosi yokuQala yesiSkhwama noNgqongqoshe wabaSebenzi boMbuso nokuphucwa kobuholi negunya lokuqoka abehluleli begatsha lobulungiswa kuNkosi Shansela, iNdunankulu iyihloko yehulumeni. Phezu kwalokho, njengomholi weqembu lezombangazwe elineningi eNdlini yeZakhamuzi, iNdunankulu inethonya emthethweni ovivinywayo futhi noshayiwayo. Uma iNdlu yeZakhamuzi ilahlekelwe ithemba kuNdunankulu, iNdunankulu (kanye namalunga eKhabhinethi) iphoqekile ukwehla esikhundleni noma ukucela iNkosi ukuthi icithe iNdlu yeZakhamuzi ibize ukhetho omusha. 

uKeir Starmer weqembu labasebenzi (Labour Party) uyindunankulu kusukela 2024. Umholi weqembu lokuphikisana elisemthethweni elithembekile loPhakemeyo ngu-Kemi Badenoch we-Conservative Party (elaziwa ngama-Tories). Izishayamthetho zasesiKotilandi kanye nase-Wales zinikezwe igunya lokushaya imithetho emkhakheni ethile kepha azilingani ekuzimeleni. iNyakatho Ayilendi ayisanoso isishayamthetho. iScottish National Party, ekhankasela ukuzimela kwesiKotilandi, iyiqembu lombangazwe elineningi esiKotilandi. Izinhlobo ze-Labour nama-Conservatives zaseWales kanye ne-Plaid Cymru ziqukatha i-Senedd, isishayamthetho saseWales.
[[File:Houses of Parliament in 2022 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Isigodlo saseWestminster, lapho kuhlangana iPhalamende]]
iNgilandi neWales zinohlaka lunye lezinkantolo zobulungiswa. Inkantolo yokugcina lapho amacala ahlulelwe kulezo zinkantolo iyiNkantolo ePhakeme. Ezomthethosisekelo zingandluliswa kuyona uma ziqhamuka ezinkantolweni zasesiKotilandi kepha esisemthethweni jikelele ziphelela e-Court of Session uma zimayelana umthetho womphakathi kanye ne-High Court of Justiciary uma zimayelana umthetho wobugebengu. iKomiti Yobulungiswa yoMkhandlu wangaSese yayinamandla okuhlulela izindaba eNgilandi kepha izinkantolo ziwathathile lawomandla. Nakuba kunjalo kusakhona izizwe namakoloni asandlulisa amacala kuyo.

Nakuba iNdlu yamaKhosi ibizwa indlu yangaphezulu, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amandla okushaya umthetho nokulawula uhulumeni asezandleni ngci zendlu yangaphansi, iNdlu yeZakhamuzi. Amalunga weNdlu yamaKhosi angaba amakhosi akhethwa yiNkosi ngomboniso yeNdunakulu, noma amabhishobhu weSonto laseNgilandi kanye namakhosi angene ngobundlalifa. Lendlu ayinawo amandla okunqaba ukushayiwa komthetho kepha ingaletha umbono wayo mayelana umthethosivivinywa. iNkosi ivula ukuhlangana kwePhalamende okyenyaka ngesiMemezo esoHlalweni sobuKhosi futhi umcimbi wemiBuzo kwiNdunankulu iyindlela yoqinisekisa ukwephenduleka egatsheni lokuphatha. 

=== Ezokuvikela ===
[[File:HMS_Queen_Elizabeth_in_Gibraltar_-_2018_(28386226189).jpg|alt=|thumb|Isithwalandiza, uMkhumbi koPhakemeyo (''HMS'') iNdlovukazi uElizabethi II]]
Amabutho Ahlomileyo woPhakemeyo avikela Umbuso Ohlangeneyo namakoloni awo. Umbuso Ohlangeneyo uyilunga weHlangano Yomvumelwano waseNyakatho Atlantiki, umfelandawonye wezizwe zaseYurophu naseNyakatho Melika. Amabutho Ahlomileyo anamajoni angama-127,000 (Ibutho laseBhulithani: 72,000, Ibutho laseLwandle leNkosi: 28,000, Ibutho laseMoyeni leNkosi: 28,000).

iBhulithani inezikhali zenuzi. iBhulithani inezithwalandiza ezimbili kanye nemikhumbi yempi (ngaphezu- nangaphansi kwamanzi) ezingama-63. iBhulithani inezizinda zamabutho ezingama-145 ezizweni ezingama-42. Umbuso Ohlangeneyo unezizulane zibunjiwe zamabutho. Imboni yezihlomile ikhiqiza izikhali ezisetshenziswa namabutho aseBhulithani kanye nezinye izizwe futhi iBhulithani ithenga izikhali nezinye izinsiza zempi ezizweni zaseYurophu, iMelika nase-[[Isirayeli]].

=== Ezobudlelwanenezizwe ===
[[File:Donald Trump &amp; Charles III 2025-09-17 (crop).jpg|thumb|iNgonyama uCharles III noMengameli waseMelika uDonald Trump]]
Amanxusa wezizwe ezinye amkelwa enkantolweni yesigodlo sikaNgcwele uJakobe. Amanxusa athunywa kwezinye izizwe ziqokwa egameli lomqhele kulesosigodlo sikaNgcwele uJakobe. Nakuba Umqhele unegunya lokushicilelela izakhamuzi nabanye abangaphansi kokuphephiswa kohulumeni koPhakemeyo amapasi, lenkambo iqhutshwa nguMnyango wazaseKhaya. 

iBhulithani iyilunga likanomphela loMkhandlu wezokuPhephisa senhlangana yeZizwe Ezihlangeneyo. Lokho kuyinikeza igunya lokuvimba izinqumo zalomkhandlu. Umbuso Ohlangeneyo unobudlelwane nezizwe eziyi-160. Umnyango wezobuDlelwanenezizwe noMdlelandawonye weZizwe wenza umsebenze wazinsuku ngezinsuku omayelene ubudlelwane boMbuso Ohlangeneyo nezinye izizwe. uNobhala wezobuDlelwanenezizwe (isithakazo sengqongqoshe yalomnyango) usebenzisana neNdunankulu ukuqhuba iminqubomngomo yesizwe mayelana loludaba. 

Nakuba iNdunankulu inamandla okuvumelana nezinye ezizwe ngenxa yokuletha umbono eMqheleni, ukuze leyomvumelwano ibengumthetho waseBhulithani, kufanele ushayiwe njengamuphi namuphi umthetho wePhalemende. iBhulithani iyilunga lezihlangano zezizwe ezahlukene, isibonelo, iBhange Yomhlaba, isiKhwama soMhlabawonke weziMali, iQembu labesiKhombisa, Umdlelandawonye weZizwe, uMkhandlu waseYurophu neNkantolo Yomhlabawonke Wobugebengu. Ngenxa yokhetho waka-2016, ngo-2020 Umbuso Ohlangeneyo iphumile eBumbanweni yaseYurophu. iNobudlelwane obusondelene kakhulu [[IMelika|neMelika]], [[iKhanada]], [[i-Ostreliya]] ne-[[INyuzilandi]].

=== Ezamafundazwe ===
[[File:British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies.svg|thumb|Izindawo ezingaphansi koMbuso Ohlangeneyo (ehlaza otshani): iziNciko oMqhelweni (ezihlaza obhakabhaka) neziNdawo ezingaPhesheyakolwandle (ezibomvu)]]
Umbuso Ohlangeneyo uqukathwa amazwenxenye amane: iNgilandi, iWales, isiKotilandi kanye neNyakatho Ayilendi. Nakuba zingabizwa izifundazwe ngokujwayelekile, mpeleni zisebenza njengezifundazwe emikhakheni eminingi njengezinye izizwe ngoba zinezikhungo zikahulumeni ezikhethwe izakhamuzi zazo ezingaphansi koHulumeni woMqhele futhi amandla okushaya umthetho nokuziphatha anikezwa iPhalamende yaseBhulithani. iNgilandi ihlukile kulamazwenxenye amanye ngoba ayinawo uhulumeni. iNgilandi inezifunda kepha zisetshenzelwa ezozibalalozabantu.

Kukhona iziqhingi ezintathu ezibizwa Izinciko oMqhelweni (''Crown Dependencies''): i-Jersey, i-Guernsey, kanye nesiqhingi sikaMan. Leziziqhingi aziyinxenye yoMbuso Ohlangeneyo kepha ziyizindawo ezingazimelanga ezingaphansi koMqhele waseBhulithani. Lokho kusho ukuthi uMqhele oMkhandlwini (mpeleni igatsha lokuphatha lohulumeni waseBhulithani) unegunya lokuzishayela umthetho mayelana namuphi udaba kodwa mpeleni leziziqhingi zizishayela zona umthetho ngaphandle kwezokuvikela nobudlelwanenezizwe.

Futhi kuneziNdawo zangaPhesheyakolwandle zeBhulithani (''British Overseas Territories''). Lezizindawo zingamakoloni eBhulithani agcinwe ngasemuva kwomnyakazo wezombangazwe okususa ubukoloni wezi1940 kufikela izi-1960. Lezizindawo zinegunya lokuzishayela umthetho ngaphandle kwezokuvikela. Futhi iBhulithani igcine amandla okuzenzela kulezizindawo uma isimo sivuma kodwa ngeningi lesikhathi iBhulithani iziyekela ziziphathe. Awukho umehluko ngaphakathi kweziNdawo zangaPhesheyakolwandle neziNciko oMqhelweni ngaphandle kokuthi iziNdawo zangaPhesheyakolwandle azikho eziqhingini zaseBhulithani. Ezinye zalezizindawo azinabo abahlali ngaphandle kwamajoni nabosonzululwazi njenge-''British Antarctic Territory''.

== Ezomnotho ==
[[File:Canary Wharf from entrance to Limehouse Basin - 2022-04-03.jpg|thumb|Imibijongo (izakhiwo ezithinta ubhakabhaka) yase-Canary Wharf]]
Uhlaka lomnotho woMbuso Ohlangeneyo luhamba ngohwebo okhululekile, inhlopho nokuvikelwa kwamalungelo bomnikazi bempahla, ukulawula komthetho, nezinhlalakahle zomphakathi. Umkhiqizophelele womnyaka wesiszwe uyizingidintathu ezi-4.72 zamaDola aseMelika (USD) umakuqhathaniswa amandla emali (ngamuntu $67,559) nezigidintathu ezi-4.26 USD ngasobala (ngamuntu $61,006). Lokho kwenza iBhulithani umnotho welesihlanu ngobukhulu okosobala, welesishiyagalolunye ngobukhulu okokuqhathanisa amandla emali, welamashumi mabili nanye ngamuntu. Sobala, umnotho woMbuso Ohlangeneyo, uqukatha amaphesenti ayi-3.38 womkhiqizohlangene womhlabawonke. Umbuso Ohlangeneyo uhweba kakhulu noBumbano waseYurophu, [[iMelika]], [[iShayina]], [[iNdiya]], naseSwidzalendi .

iLondon iyihlokodolobha yase-Bhulithani ezombusazwe, ezobuciko, ezohwebo, nasezemali. iLondon iyisiqonga samankampani nezikhungo ezinkhulu. Lokho kuholele ekutheni Umshintshisano wamaSheya yaseLondoni ibeyinye yezikhungo zomshintshisano wamasheya ezihamba phambili okwenani lobungakho bemakhethe bezinkampani. 

Umbuso Ohlangeneyo unomnotho onobuhlukahlukana obuningi wezimboni. Imboni yokwenza izinkonzo iqukatha amaphesenti angama-80% omnotho. Lomboni unemikhakha efana nokuvakashela, ukukhiqiza umbani, ezomthutho, ezemali, ezokuthenga impahla, ezobuchwepheshe olwazi, ezokuxhumana, nezengcebeleko. Kakhulu, iBhulithani inamagugu amaningi avakashelwayo njengezigodlo njengesigodlo saseBuckingham, izakhiwo ezidilikile njenge-Stonehenge namamuziyamu njengeMuziyamu yakaZwelonke yoMlando weMvelo. Imboni yokukhiqiza impahla iqukatha cishe amaphesenti angama-20%. Umbuso Ohlangeneyo ukhiqiza izimoto, [[Isilumbamdiki|izilumbamdiki]] [[Umbani|zobani]], [[Isilumbamdiki somtshazo|zomtshazo]], [[Imoto|izimoto]], izinsiza zempilonhle nokwelapha. Futhi, imboni yokwakha ikhiqiza izakhiwo nezindlu eziqukatha inxenye esankudlwana omnotho. Imboni yokutshala ikhiqiza amaphesenti angama-50 okudla okudingekayo ngamaphesenti ayi-5 wenani labantu, 

== Notes ==
&lt;small&gt;{{reflist|2|group=note}}
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
&lt;br /&gt;

{{Amazwe eYurophu}}

[[Category:Amazwe]]
[[Category:Amazwe eYurophu]]
[[Category:IYurophu Enyakatho]]
[[Category:Umbuso Ohlanganeyo| ]]</text>
      <sha1>1y1l1cnpgwi9559ixkoy13unya981b0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:GerardM/Presidents of Equatorial Guinea</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>9797</id>
    <revision>
      <id>123146</id>
      <parentid>122780</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-08T10:23:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>10758</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>123146</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="871" sha1="42vh9o1lktmpvxr5rkcy1u55gskrv5k" xml:space="preserve">{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item ?from ?to WHERE { ?item p:P39 ?position . ?position ps:P39 wd:Q19058522
OPTIONAL { ?position pq:P580 ?from }
OPTIONAL { ?position pq:P582 ?to }
}
|section=
|sort=?from
|sort_order=desc
|one_row_per_item=no
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,?from:Start date,?to:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57385|Teodoro Obiang]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q13474305|Francoist Spain]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[INkabazwe Gini|IGini Enkabazwe]]
| 1979-08-03
| 
| [[File:2026 Teodoro Obiang (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q211936|Francisco Macías Nguema Biyoko]]''
| usombusazwe, IGini Enkabazwe
| [[INkabazwe Gini|IGini Enkabazwe]]
| 1968-10-12
| 1979-08-03
| [[File:Don Francisco Macias.jpg|center|128px]]
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>42vh9o1lktmpvxr5rkcy1u55gskrv5k</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:GerardM/Departments of Chad</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>10198</id>
    <revision>
      <id>123147</id>
      <parentid>117656</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-08T10:54:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>10758</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>123147</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="14131" sha1="dp9zp6rftsnr8q536jauxdas5fovvw4" xml:space="preserve">
{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q2711758 }
|section=
|sort=P131
|sort_order=asca
|columns=label:Article,description,P17:Country,P131:In administrative entity,P625:Geo Coordinate,P18:Image,P242:Locator map image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! In administrative entity
! Geo Coordinate
! Image
! Locator map image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15277769|Sila Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| 
| {{Coord|12.223611|21.414444|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16939480|Tibesti Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| 
| {{Coord|21.35|17|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2884495|Bahr el Gazel Nord]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q1050621|Bahr el Gazel]]''
| {{Coord|14.839648|17.206778|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2884496|Barh El Gazel Sud]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q1050621|Bahr el Gazel]]''
| {{Coord|13.642188|16.490989|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16304124|Barh El Gazel Ouest]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q1050621|Bahr el Gazel]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56311999|Kleta]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q1050621|Bahr el Gazel]]''
| {{Coord|13.8248|15.7441|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q389747|Fitri Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q180414|Batha Region]]''
| {{Coord|12.850833|17.560833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q524161|Batha Est]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q180414|Batha Region]]''
| {{Coord|13.289722|19.690278|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2624482|Batha Ouest]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q180414|Batha Region]]''
| {{Coord|13.214|18.336|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312216|Ouadi Rimé]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q180414|Batha Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312217|Assinet]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q180414|Batha Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312219|Djombo Djedid]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q180414|Batha Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1777376|Borkou Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q1139666|Borkou]]''
| {{Coord|17.9167|19.1167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2911102|Borkou Yala]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q1139666|Borkou]]''
| {{Coord|18.152222|18.538333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312220|Kouba]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q1139666|Borkou]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312221|Emi Koussi]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q1139666|Borkou]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3054461|Ennedi Ouest Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q893861|Borkou-Ennedi-Tibesti Region]]''
| {{Coord|17.183333|21.583333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1773955|Loug Chari]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q843975|Chari-Baguirmi Region]]''
| {{Coord|10.46|16.73|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|10.57861|16.76788|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2436725|Baguirmi Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q843975|Chari-Baguirmi Region]]''
| {{Coord|11.398333|16.1675|display=inline}}
| 
| [[File:Chad-Chari-Baguirmi region.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2624449|Chari Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q843975|Chari-Baguirmi Region]]''
| {{Coord|12.05|15.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312223|Département Dourbali]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q843975|Chari-Baguirmi Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q658223|Ennedi]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q748093|Ennedi Region]]''
| {{Coord|17.183333|21.583333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3565014|Wadi Hawar]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q748093|Ennedi Region]]''
| {{Coord|15.55|22.91|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3054460|Ennedi Est Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q16632169|Ennedi-Est]]''
| {{Coord|15.55|22.9|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16303945|Amdjarass]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q16632169|Ennedi-Est]]''
| {{Coord|16.0682|22.8337|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312230|Itou]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q16632169|Ennedi-Est]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312233|Bao]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q16632169|Ennedi-Est]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312234|Mourdi]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q16632169|Ennedi-Est]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16635587|Fada]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q16632172|Ennedi-Ouest]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16665416|Mourtcha]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q16632172|Ennedi-Ouest]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312237|Lac Ounianga]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q16632172|Ennedi-Ouest]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1773922|Barh Signaka]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q175706|Guéra Region]]''
| {{Coord|11.062222|17.933333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1773970|Guéra Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q175706|Guéra Region]]''
| {{Coord|12.182778|18.684722|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2822068|Abtouyour]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q175706|Guéra Region]]''
| {{Coord|11.9811|18.212575|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285701|Mangalmé]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q175706|Guéra Region]]''
| {{Coord|12.357609|19.610639|display=inline}}
| [[File:Caravane des nomdes3.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312239|Garada]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q175706|Guéra Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q518126|Dagana Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q1042437|Hadjer-Lamis]]''
| {{Coord|12.995278|15.7325|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1773878|Dababa]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q1042437|Hadjer-Lamis]]''
| {{Coord|12.38|17.06|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1773913|Haraze Al Biar]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q1042437|Hadjer-Lamis]]''
| {{Coord|12.478889|15.436944|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312252|Ngoura]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q1042437|Hadjer-Lamis]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q268949|Kanem Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q849841|Kanem Region]]''
| {{Coord|14.119444|15.313333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3343562|Nord Kanem]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q849841|Kanem Region]]''
| {{Coord|14.582171|14.779615|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3565007|Wadi Bissam]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q849841|Kanem Region]]''
| {{Coord|13.703531|15.489778|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1773706|Mamdi Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q867869|Lac Region]]''
| {{Coord|13.4741|14.70529|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1774003|Wayi]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q867869|Lac Region]]''
| {{Coord|13.642778|15.368611|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25383121|Fouli]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q867869|Lac Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25395145|Kaya]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q867869|Lac Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312254|Doum Doum]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q867869|Lac Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1773692|Dodjé]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q305257|Logone Occidental Region]]''
| {{Coord|8.506389|15.603333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1773895|Lac Wey Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q305257|Logone Occidental Region]]''
| {{Coord|8.566667|16.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1773983|Ngourkosso]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q305257|Logone Occidental Region]]''
| {{Coord|8.99|16.32|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3122432|Guéni]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q305257|Logone Occidental Region]]''
| {{Coord|8.976056|15.791791|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q597954|Monts de Lam Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q167514|Logone Oriental Region]]''
| {{Coord|8.232558|16.249595|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1773846|La Pendé]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q167514|Logone Oriental Region]]''
| {{Coord|8.65|16.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1773886|La Nya Pendé]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q167514|Logone Oriental Region]]''
| {{Coord|7.925833|16.634444|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1773932|La Nya Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q167514|Logone Oriental Region]]''
| {{Coord|8.683333|16.566667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3199249|Kouh-Ouest]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q167514|Logone Oriental Region]]''
| {{Coord|8.268212|16.940832|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3199250|Kouh-Est]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q167514|Logone Oriental Region]]''
| {{Coord|8.286155|17.140217|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q657091|Mandoul Oriental]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q597410|Mandoul Region]]''
| {{Coord|8.913521|17.547768|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q748142|Mandoul Occidental]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q597410|Mandoul Region]]''
| {{Coord|8.632304|17.185402|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2441780|Barh Sara]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q597410|Mandoul Region]]''
| {{Coord|8.342222|17.765278|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56311802|Goundi]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q597410|Mandoul Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56311809|Taralnass]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q597410|Mandoul Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1773686|Mont Illi]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q911421|Mayo-Kebbi Est Region]]''
| {{Coord|9.915335|15.136821|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1773701|Mayo Lemie]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q911421|Mayo-Kebbi Est Region]]''
| {{Coord|10.918058|15.546641|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1773838|Kabbia]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q911421|Mayo-Kebbi Est Region]]''
| {{Coord|9.631667|15.51|display=inline}}
| [[File:Préfecture de la ville de Gounou Gaya.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1773869|Mayo-Boneye]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q911421|Mayo-Kebbi Est Region]]''
| {{Coord|10.266667|15.366667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q643039|Mayo-Dallah]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q910393|Mayo-Kebbi Ouest Region]]''
| {{Coord|9.362194|14.911564|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1773843|Lac Léré Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q910393|Mayo-Kebbi Ouest Region]]''
| {{Coord|9.616667|14.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16663907|Département Mayo Binder]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q910393|Mayo-Kebbi Ouest Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312257|Gagal]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q910393|Mayo-Kebbi Ouest Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1774011|Barh Köh]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q177799|Moyen-Chari Region]]''
| {{Coord|9.146111|18.384167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1774169|Grande Sido]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q177799|Moyen-Chari Region]]''
| {{Coord|8.471389|18.770278|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7880774|Lac Iro Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q177799|Moyen-Chari Region]]''
| {{Coord|9.452|18.942|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312258|Korbol]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q177799|Moyen-Chari Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2439258|Ouara Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q841338|Ouaddaï Region]]''
| {{Coord|14.183333|20.7|display=inline}}
| [[File:Ouara.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2439266|Assoungha Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q841338|Ouaddaï Region]]''
| {{Coord|13.467222|22.200556|display=inline}}
| [[File:At Farchana refugee camp - L'intérieur du camp (5389419107).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2441293|Djourf Al Ahmar Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q841338|Ouaddaï Region]]''
| {{Coord|12.763889|20.466111|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312259|Abougoudam]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q841338|Ouaddaï Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1773861|Aboudeïa Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q385584|Salamat Region]]''
| {{Coord|11.453056|19.279722|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1773943|Barh Azoum]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q385584|Salamat Region]]''
| {{Coord|11.05|20.28|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3127301|Haraze Mangueigne Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q385584|Salamat Region]]''
| {{Coord|9.935014|20.772191|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2821312|Abdi]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q1149611|Sila Region]]''
| {{Coord|12.8|21.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3196898|Kimiti]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q1149611|Sila Region]]''
| {{Coord|12.226164|21.413512|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312260|Tissi]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q1149611|Sila Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312261|Adé]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q1149611|Sila Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312262|Koukou-Andarana]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q1149611|Sila Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q604380|Tandjilé Ouest]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q867856|Tandjilé Region]]''
| {{Coord|9.31|15.81|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1773993|Tandjilé Est]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q867856|Tandjilé Region]]''
| {{Coord|9.39|16.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16679000|Département Tandjilé Centre]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q867856|Tandjilé Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312263|Manga]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q867856|Tandjilé Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312264|Manbagué]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q867856|Tandjilé Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3528081|Tibesti Est]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q737711|Tibesti Region]]''
| {{Coord|21.354538|17.00115|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3528084|Tibesti Ouest]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q737711|Tibesti Region]]''
| {{Coord|20.453945|16.529408|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312265|Bardaï]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q737711|Tibesti Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312266|Aouzou]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q737711|Tibesti Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312267|Zouar]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q737711|Tibesti Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312268|Wour]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q737711|Tibesti Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q596618|Kobé Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q860813|Wadi Fira Region]]''
| {{Coord|15.128056|22.249722|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2439275|Dar Tama Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q860813|Wadi Fira Region]]''
| {{Coord|14.5121|22.0869|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2441715|Biltine Department]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q860813|Wadi Fira Region]]''
| {{Coord|14.5275|20.926667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q14192670|Département Mégri]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q860813|Wadi Fira Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16644013|Département Iriba]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q860813|Wadi Fira Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312269|Al-Biher]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q860813|Wadi Fira Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56312270|Dar-Alfawakih]]''
| 
| [[ITshedi]]
| ''[[:d:Q860813|Wadi Fira Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>dp9zp6rftsnr8q536jauxdas5fovvw4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>IsiShomo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>29901</id>
    <revision>
      <id>123141</id>
      <parentid>123081</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-07T16:20:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Fongcwele</username>
        <id>16873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Amagama wezishomo */</comment>
      <origin>123141</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1249" sha1="7jv0j3rsioelflnj6ndhbvpwls695jj" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Leo Constellation.svg|thumb|446x446px|Umdwebo wesishomo sezinkanyezi iMbubedingile.]] 

'''isiShomo''' siyindawo embulungeni [[Umkhathinga|yomkhathinga]] lapho amaqoqo [[Izinkanyezi|ezinkanyezi]] ezibonakalayo akha uhlaka oluvamisile ukuqhathaniswa [[Izilwane|nezilwane]], izinto ezivela [[Izinganekwane|ezinganekwaneni]], noma izinto ezijwayelekile nje. Imvelaphi yamaqoqo ezishomo akudala kungathithi aqhamuke ezikhathini zasemandulo. Abantu basemandulo bazisebenzise lezi zishomo ukuxoxa izindaba mayelana nezinkolelo zabo, izimpilo zabo, indalo, nezinganekwane.  

==Amagama wezishomo==
[[Isiphambano saseNingizimu]] - ''crux''

[[ImPambano (isiShomo)|IMpambano]] - ''orion''

iMbukisakazi - ''canis major''

iMbukisanyana - ''canis minor''

Amagama ezishomo eziyishumi nantathu ngokwesanusi uCredo Mutwa

iNtintilili - ''Capricorn'' 

uSihlenga - ''Aquarius'' 

Amahlengeto azwanayo - ''Pisces'' 

[[uDushuza]] - ''Aries'' 

uNkunzendala - ''Taurus'' 

uDemana noDemazana - ''Gemin'' 

uSonkala - ''Cancer'' 

iMbubedingile - ''Leo'' 

uNtombiyasina - ''Virgo'' 

Izimbenge zikaGubudela - ''Libra'' 

uSobatinyela - ''Scorpio'' 

uSozabile - ''Sagitarius''   

'''Umkhomo - ''Ophiuchus'''''   


[[Category:Izinkanyezi]]

==Amaphatho==</text>
      <sha1>7jv0j3rsioelflnj6ndhbvpwls695jj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>UDushuza</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>34198</id>
    <revision>
      <id>123140</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-07T15:13:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Fongcwele</username>
        <id>16873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created by translating the opening section from the page &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352560808|Aries (constellation)]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>123140</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="353" sha1="sw07o0de8q84nrlbg4auhn0tttiflkf" xml:space="preserve">UDushuza ungesinye sezishomo zezinkanyezi ze-Izecathamo. Sitholakala eNyakatho nenkabazulu yomkhathi phakathi kwePieces esentshonalanga neNkunzendala esempumalanga. Igama elithi uDushuza livela kwelesiZulu elithi elichaza isenzo senqama lapho igadla. Uphawu lwayo lwendabuko lomchazamkhathi lukanje (Xë). [[File:Aries_symbol_(fixed_width).svg|20x20px]]</text>
      <sha1>sw07o0de8q84nrlbg4auhn0tttiflkf</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>123142</id>
      <parentid>123140</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-07T16:22:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Fongcwele</username>
        <id>16873</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>123142</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="391" sha1="1j9250xrg7svogu3c2rv2zt2bxy2ruc" xml:space="preserve">
[[File:Aries (ari).tif|Aries_(ari)]]
UDushuza ungesinye sezishomo zezinkanyezi ze-Izecathamo. Sitholakala eNyakatho nenkabazulu yomkhathi phakathi kwePieces esentshonalanga neNkunzendala esempumalanga. Igama elithi uDushuza livela kwelesiZulu elithi elichaza isenzo senqama lapho igadla. Uphawu lwayo lwendabuko lomchazamkhathi lukanje (Xë). [[File:Aries_symbol_(fixed_width).svg|20x20px]]</text>
      <sha1>1j9250xrg7svogu3c2rv2zt2bxy2ruc</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>123143</id>
      <parentid>123142</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-07T16:25:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Fongcwele</username>
        <id>16873</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>123143</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="419" sha1="24bn6z71w2roa1co416ldmprcxvvgba" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Aries_(ari).tif|alt=Aries_(ari)|right|300x300px]]
UDushuza ungesinye [[IsiShomo|sezishomo zezinkanyezi]] zecathamo. Sitholakala eNyakatho nenkabazulu yomkhathi phakathi kwePieces esentshonalanga neNkunzendala esempumalanga. Igama elithi uDushuza livela kwelesiZulu elithi elichaza isenzo senqama lapho igadla. Uphawu lwayo lwendabuko lomchazamkhathi lukanje (Xë). [[File:Aries_symbol_(fixed_width).svg|20x20px]]</text>
      <sha1>24bn6z71w2roa1co416ldmprcxvvgba</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>INkunzendala</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>34199</id>
    <revision>
      <id>123144</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-07T16:37:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Fongcwele</username>
        <id>16873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created by translating the page &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352491965|Taurus (constellation)]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>123144</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="729" sha1="niazhr2ytsgmyact3r7ix4g0r27ai5r" xml:space="preserve">
INkunzendala singesinye [[IsiShomo|sezishomo szinkanyezi]] zecathamo futhi sitholakala enyakatho nengxenye yomkhathi. Inkunzendala isishomo esikhulu nesivelele esibhakabhakeni sasebusika saseNyakatho ye-Hemisphere . Singesinye sezishomo ezindala kakhulu, kusukela eNkathini Yethusi Yasekuqaleni okungenani, lapho yayiphawula khona indawo yeLanga ngesikhathi sesililo sikaNomkhubulwane. Ukubaluleka kwaso ekhalendeni lezolimo kwathonya izithombe zenkunzi ezahlukahlukene ezinganekwaneni zaseSumer Yasendulo, e-Akkad, e-Asiriya, eBhabhiloni, eGibhithe, eGrisi, naseRoma . Uphawu lwesishomo lukanje[[File:Taurus_symbol_(fixed_width).svg|20x20px]] (♉︎), lufana nekhanda lenkunzi.
[[Category:Izinkunzi]]
[[Category:Inkunzindala]]</text>
      <sha1>niazhr2ytsgmyact3r7ix4g0r27ai5r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
</mediawiki>