Wikipedia zuwiki https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikhasi_Elikhulu MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.24 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 2 11172 131759 131471 2026-10-23T09:33:55Z ListeriaBot 10758 Wikidata list updated [V2] 131759 wikitext text/x-wiki The [https://tools.wmflabs.org/scholia/country/Q924 Scholia for Tanzania] {{Wikidata list |sparql= SELECT ?number_of_authors ?number_of_works ?item (REPLACE(STR(?item), ".*Q", "Q") AS ?qid) (CONCAT( "[[toolforge:scholia/organization/", ?qid , "|", ENCODE_FOR_URI(?number_of_works), "]] / ", "[[toolforge:scholia/organization/", ?qid , "/missing|📖]]") AS ?scholia) WITH { SELECT ?item (COUNT(DISTINCT ?author) AS ?number_of_authors) (COUNT(DISTINCT ?work) AS ?number_of_works) WHERE { ?item wdt:P17 wd:Q924 . ?author wdt:P108 {{!}} wdt:P463 {{!}} wdt:P1416/wdt:P361* ?item . ?work wdt:P50 ?author . } GROUP BY ?item } AS %results WHERE { INCLUDE %results SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en,da,es,fr,jp,nl,no,ru,sv,zh". } } ORDER BY DESC(?number_of_authors) DESC(?number_of_works) ?item ?qid ?scholia |columns=label:Organization,?number_of_authors:Number of authors,?scholia:Publications (known/missing) }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Organization ! Number of authors ! Publications (known/missing) |- | ''[[:d:Q557597|University of Dar es Salaam]]'' | 7 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q557597|18]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q557597/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q50828855|African Continental Free Trade Area]]'' | 4 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q17155794|Amani Research Institute]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17155794|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17155794/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4005900|Sokoine University of Agriculture]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4005900|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4005900/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q15238456|Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q15238456|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q15238456/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q17079869|Pollita Institute]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17079869|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17079869/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111327287|Bongo Times Now]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q111327287|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q111327287/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1240270|Mzumbe University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1240270|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1240270/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30262076|Tanzania Fisheries Research Institute]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30262076|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30262076/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30280978|National Institute for Medical Research]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30280978|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30280978/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4788041|Ardhi University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4788041|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4788041/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5146612|College of African Wildlife Management]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5146612|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5146612/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q60776267|Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q60776267|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q60776267/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6933030|Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6933030|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6933030/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q693769|University of Dodoma]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q693769|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q693769/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q954747|East African Airways]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q954747|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q954747/missing|📖]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} rr9ayxwlby2vi0nejuwhg6nzyn8nzl6 0 29057 131740 93117 2026-10-22T22:14:29Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Created by translating the section "__LEAD_SECTION__" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1374278704|Kraal]]" 131740 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox dot-com company|name=Isibaya|editor=|language=Multilingual (Subtitles included)|num_seasons=8|num_episodes=2,028 (As of 02 April 2021)|list_episodes=|executive_producer=Desiree Markgraaff|producer=Eva Franzen|cinematography=|composer=|camera=Multi-cameras|runtime=22 - 24 minutes|company=The Bomb Shelter|distributor=[[Mzansi Magic]]|network=[[Mzansi Magic]]|first_aired=18 March 2013|country=South Africa|endtheme=|image=Isibaya.png|developer=|image_alt=|caption=The show's title card, shown at the end of the intro of every episode.|alt_name=|genre=[[Drama]]|creator={{plainlist| * Angus Gibson * Desiree Markgraaff * Teboho Mahlatsi * Catherine Stewart }}|based_on=|writer={{Plainlist| * Adze Ugah * Desiree Markgraaf * Mpumelelo Paul Grootboom * Steven Pillemer * Rorisang Matuba * Chris Q. Radebe * Zolisa Sigwada *Andries Mahlatse Banda * Christian Bloomkamp }}|opentheme=|director=Desiree Markgraaff|creative_director=|presenter=|starring=*Siyabonga Thwala *Thembi Nyandeni *Celeste Ntuli *Gcina Mkhize *Bheki Mkhwane *Ayanda Borotho *Sdumo Mtshali *Asavela Mqithi *Mampho Brescia *Samukele Mkhize *Lerato Mvelase *Lorraine Mphephi *Pallance Dladla *Zakhele Mabasa *Andile Maxakaza *Bongani Gumede *Abdul Khoza *Mdu Gumede *Amina Jack *Thulasizwe Khubheka *Melusi Mbele *Thandeka Qwabe *Linda Sebezo *Charles Phasha *Siyatsheni Mdaki *Nkanyiso Mzimela *Nhlanhla Mdlalose *Enhle Mbali *Aubrey Poo *Wendy Gumede *Zakhele Msibi *Zinhle Mabena *Chris Q. Radebe|voices=<!--Organized by broadcast credit order, with new main cast added to the bottom of the list-->|theme_music_composer=|last_aired=02 April 2021}} '''''Isibaya''''' kwakuwumdlalo owuchungechunge owenziwa nsuku zonke eNingizimu Afrika owaqala ukwenziwa ngo-2013, owadlala phambili [[Mzansi Magic|kuMzansi Magic]] owadalwa ngu-Angus Gibson, Desiree Markgraaff, Teboho Mahlatsi noCatherine Stewart.USiyabonga Thwala uhola abalingisi besilisa njengoba uMpiyakhe Zungu noThembi Nyandeni behola abalingisi besifazane njengoMkabayi "MaNcwane" Zungu. <ref>{{Citation|title=Isibaya|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt4171680/|access-date=2019-11-13}}</ref> == Isakhiwo == Ekuqaleni, idrama yayigxile emindenini yamabhizinisi yamatekisi enamandla eBhubesini: amaZungu, aholwa nguMpiyakhe Zungu ( Siyabonga Thwala ), nomndeni wakwaNdlovu, oholwa nguSamson Ndlovu (Bheki Mkhwane), nezingxabano zabo, izimbangi zabo, usuku nosuku izimpilo kanye nezinkinga ezibazungezile.Bahlanganiswe umshado wezingane zabo ezimbili: uThandeka ( Nomzamo Mbatha ) noS'busiso (Sdumo Mtshali) wamaZungu kanye namaNdlovus, ngokulandelana.Empini yamatekisi kufika enye indoda nomndeni wayo.U-Judas Ngwenya ( [[Menzi Ngubane]] ) nonkosikazi wakhe uBeauty Ngwenya (Thuli Thabethe) kanye nezingane zabo uZama Ngwenya (Linda Mtoba) nendodana yakhe nendodana yakhe ayizela kuBeauty wayesebenzela ubaba wakhe futhi ebakhela uzungu ngabo.Indodana kaJudas uQaphela Ngwenya (Abdul Khoza).Bebehlala nonina kaBeauty uLillian Nyandeni (Linda Sebezo) nomshana wakhe uJerry Nyandeni (Charles Phasha).ULillian kamuva washada noSaddam Xaba (Siyatsheni Mdaki) owayeyindoda yesandla sokudla sikaJudas.Kodwa uJudas wabulawa yindodana yakhe uQaphela Ngwenya. == Abalingisi == {| class="wikitable" !Umlingisi ! Indima |- | Siyabonga Thwala | Mpiyakhe Zungu |- | Thembi Nyandeni | Mkabayi Zungu |- | Ayanda Borotho | Phumelele Dlamini - Zungu |- | UMampho Brescia | Iris Rasebetse |- | UPallance Dladla | Jabulani Zungu |- | Bongani Gumede | Mandlenkosi Ndlovu |- | Mdu Gumede | UNtandane |- | Abdul Khoza | Qaphela Ngwenya |- | Zakhele Mabasa | S'khaleni Mngomezulu |- | Zinhle Mabena | Sihle Ngubane |- | Andile Maxakaza | Fezile Khumalo |- | Enhle Mbali Mlotshwa | Sizakele Sibiya |- | Gcina Mkhize | Khanyisile Ndlovu |- | Samukele Mkhize | Mabuyi Dlamini |- | Bheki Mkhwane | Samson Ndlovu |- | Lorraine Mphephi | Pamela Mngomezulu |- | Asavela Mngqithi | Ntwenhle Ndlovu - Ngubane |- | Sdumo Mtshali | S'busiso Ndlovu |- | Lerato Mvelase | Sibongile Mkhize - Zungu |- | UCeleste Ntuli | Siphokazi Mthembu - Zungu |- | Aubrey Poo | UFenyang Molefenyane |- | Linda Sebezo | Lillian Nyandeni - Xaba |- |} Amalungu abalingisi aphindayo afaka: * Dumisani Dlamini - Mbodla * [[Hamilton Dhlamini|Hamilton Dlamini]] - Andile Sibiya * Wendy Gumede - Nolwandle Mthembu * Amina Jack - Thokozani Zungu * Thulasizwe Khubheka - Mduduzi * Melusi Mbele - Bhekumuzi * Londeka Mchunu - Londiwe Ngubane * Siyatsheni Mdakhi - Saddam Xaba * Nhlanhla Mdlalose - Bongani * Zakhele Msibi - Sunday Nkabinde * [[Thulani Mtsweni]] - Mpihlangene Zungu * Nkanyiso Mzimela - Melusi Zungu * Sihle Ndaba - Cebisile Mkhize * Enerst Ndlovu - Ngwebedla * Sibonelo Ngubane - Mbovu * UCharles Phasha - uJerry * Chris Q. Radebe - Dabula Ngubane * Thandeka Qwabe - Thandiwe * Tisetso Thoka - Mickey Sibiya == Amalungu Angaphambili Abalingisi == * [[Vusi Kunene|UVusi Kunene]] njengoBhekifa Shezi * * [[Nomzamo Mbatha]] njengoThandeka Zungu - Ndlovu * [[Menzi Ngubane]] as Judas Ngwenya * Muzi Mthabela njengoDuma Ngema * Andile Gumbi njengoZweli Shezi * [[Jessica Nkosi|UJessica Nkosi]] njengoQondisile Buthelezi * Thuli Thabethe as Beauty Nyandeni - Ngwenya * ULinda Mtoba njengoZama Nyandeni * USibusisiwe Jili njengoZanele * Tumisho Masha njengoJackson * [[Kwesta|Senzo Vilakazi]] njengo Mehlomamba * UFlorence Makgatsi njengoLerato * Samson Khumalo njengoKgokong * UKoketso Mophuthing njengoKaone == __LEAD_SECTION__ == [[File:Kaffir_Kraal_near_Bulawayo.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Isithombe sesibaya kuduzwe nakwaBulawayo ngekhuluminyaka le-19]] '''Isibaya''' siyindawo ezungezwe ibonda noma esinye isakhiwo ekungandluleki kuso lapho [[izinkomo]] kanye nenye [[imfuyo]] igcinwa khona ukuyivikela kumasela kanye [[Izilwane|nezilwane]] zasendle kanye nokunqanda ukulahleka kwayo. Isibaya sineqhaza elikhulu kwezenhlalahle yabantu abansundu baseNingizimu le-[[IAfrika|Afrika]] ngokuba [[ingcebo]] ekuyimfuyo yalowomuzi yayigcinwa khona. Leliqhaza lingaqhathaniswa nendlela ngokwesimanje [[ibhange]] ilondoloza imfakela yabantu. Ku[[Amanguni|maNguni]], isibaya siyindawo ebalulekilu okubamba umgwamanda, okwenza amasiko, kanye nokuphatha izinhlelo eziqondene nelizwe. Umcimbi wokungena esibayeni sesigodlo sakwaNkonyeni uyindlela okuphelelisa ukungena kwe[[ISilo Samabandla Onke|Silo samaBandla Onke]] esikhundleni saso. Ubumqoka besibaya [[Usiko LwamaZulu|oswikweni lwamazulu]] buvela ekutheni isibaya sasingaphakathi kwomuzi othile, uzungezwe izindlu kanye nezinye izakhiwo. Imiphakathi eyahlukene yayinemibandela eyahlukene mayelana [[Ilungelomvume (kwezomthetho)|ilungelomvumo]] lokungenwa esibayeni, isb., [[Owesifazane|abesifazane]] bebangangeni nakanjani na kweminye imiphakathi ngenxa yosiko noma inkolo yabo. Isibaya siyisibonela esiqhakanjisiwe [[Ifagugu lesiko|sefagugu lesiko]] [[INingizimu Afrika|laseNingizimu Afrika]] – ikakhulu [[Abantu Bomdabu baseNingizimu Afrika|ebantwini bomdabu]]. Isibaya sibaluleke kangangokuthi kunezaga bezisho ezimilile ezibandakanya isibaya, isb., ngolimi [[IsiTswana|lwesiTswana]] kunesisho "''Dikgomo dibuyela sakeng''" (isihumusho ngolimi lwesiZulu: "Izinkomo zibuyela esibayeni") esichaza umkhuba okuba abomzala baganane ukugcina ingcebo kulowomndeni. ldkp463uap1swywc0ap89yl5amg7nyj 131741 131740 2026-10-22T22:15:45Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Mahlathamnyama moved page [[Isibaya]] to [[Isibaya (uhlelo kamabonakude)]]: Ukwehlukanisa amakhasi ahlukene wezihloko Isibaya 131740 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox dot-com company|name=Isibaya|editor=|language=Multilingual (Subtitles included)|num_seasons=8|num_episodes=2,028 (As of 02 April 2021)|list_episodes=|executive_producer=Desiree Markgraaff|producer=Eva Franzen|cinematography=|composer=|camera=Multi-cameras|runtime=22 - 24 minutes|company=The Bomb Shelter|distributor=[[Mzansi Magic]]|network=[[Mzansi Magic]]|first_aired=18 March 2013|country=South Africa|endtheme=|image=Isibaya.png|developer=|image_alt=|caption=The show's title card, shown at the end of the intro of every episode.|alt_name=|genre=[[Drama]]|creator={{plainlist| * Angus Gibson * Desiree Markgraaff * Teboho Mahlatsi * Catherine Stewart }}|based_on=|writer={{Plainlist| * Adze Ugah * Desiree Markgraaf * Mpumelelo Paul Grootboom * Steven Pillemer * Rorisang Matuba * Chris Q. Radebe * Zolisa Sigwada *Andries Mahlatse Banda * Christian Bloomkamp }}|opentheme=|director=Desiree Markgraaff|creative_director=|presenter=|starring=*Siyabonga Thwala *Thembi Nyandeni *Celeste Ntuli *Gcina Mkhize *Bheki Mkhwane *Ayanda Borotho *Sdumo Mtshali *Asavela Mqithi *Mampho Brescia *Samukele Mkhize *Lerato Mvelase *Lorraine Mphephi *Pallance Dladla *Zakhele Mabasa *Andile Maxakaza *Bongani Gumede *Abdul Khoza *Mdu Gumede *Amina Jack *Thulasizwe Khubheka *Melusi Mbele *Thandeka Qwabe *Linda Sebezo *Charles Phasha *Siyatsheni Mdaki *Nkanyiso Mzimela *Nhlanhla Mdlalose *Enhle Mbali *Aubrey Poo *Wendy Gumede *Zakhele Msibi *Zinhle Mabena *Chris Q. Radebe|voices=<!--Organized by broadcast credit order, with new main cast added to the bottom of the list-->|theme_music_composer=|last_aired=02 April 2021}} '''''Isibaya''''' kwakuwumdlalo owuchungechunge owenziwa nsuku zonke eNingizimu Afrika owaqala ukwenziwa ngo-2013, owadlala phambili [[Mzansi Magic|kuMzansi Magic]] owadalwa ngu-Angus Gibson, Desiree Markgraaff, Teboho Mahlatsi noCatherine Stewart.USiyabonga Thwala uhola abalingisi besilisa njengoba uMpiyakhe Zungu noThembi Nyandeni behola abalingisi besifazane njengoMkabayi "MaNcwane" Zungu. <ref>{{Citation|title=Isibaya|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt4171680/|access-date=2019-11-13}}</ref> == Isakhiwo == Ekuqaleni, idrama yayigxile emindenini yamabhizinisi yamatekisi enamandla eBhubesini: amaZungu, aholwa nguMpiyakhe Zungu ( Siyabonga Thwala ), nomndeni wakwaNdlovu, oholwa nguSamson Ndlovu (Bheki Mkhwane), nezingxabano zabo, izimbangi zabo, usuku nosuku izimpilo kanye nezinkinga ezibazungezile.Bahlanganiswe umshado wezingane zabo ezimbili: uThandeka ( Nomzamo Mbatha ) noS'busiso (Sdumo Mtshali) wamaZungu kanye namaNdlovus, ngokulandelana.Empini yamatekisi kufika enye indoda nomndeni wayo.U-Judas Ngwenya ( [[Menzi Ngubane]] ) nonkosikazi wakhe uBeauty Ngwenya (Thuli Thabethe) kanye nezingane zabo uZama Ngwenya (Linda Mtoba) nendodana yakhe nendodana yakhe ayizela kuBeauty wayesebenzela ubaba wakhe futhi ebakhela uzungu ngabo.Indodana kaJudas uQaphela Ngwenya (Abdul Khoza).Bebehlala nonina kaBeauty uLillian Nyandeni (Linda Sebezo) nomshana wakhe uJerry Nyandeni (Charles Phasha).ULillian kamuva washada noSaddam Xaba (Siyatsheni Mdaki) owayeyindoda yesandla sokudla sikaJudas.Kodwa uJudas wabulawa yindodana yakhe uQaphela Ngwenya. == Abalingisi == {| class="wikitable" !Umlingisi ! Indima |- | Siyabonga Thwala | Mpiyakhe Zungu |- | Thembi Nyandeni | Mkabayi Zungu |- | Ayanda Borotho | Phumelele Dlamini - Zungu |- | UMampho Brescia | Iris Rasebetse |- | UPallance Dladla | Jabulani Zungu |- | Bongani Gumede | Mandlenkosi Ndlovu |- | Mdu Gumede | UNtandane |- | Abdul Khoza | Qaphela Ngwenya |- | Zakhele Mabasa | S'khaleni Mngomezulu |- | Zinhle Mabena | Sihle Ngubane |- | Andile Maxakaza | Fezile Khumalo |- | Enhle Mbali Mlotshwa | Sizakele Sibiya |- | Gcina Mkhize | Khanyisile Ndlovu |- | Samukele Mkhize | Mabuyi Dlamini |- | Bheki Mkhwane | Samson Ndlovu |- | Lorraine Mphephi | Pamela Mngomezulu |- | Asavela Mngqithi | Ntwenhle Ndlovu - Ngubane |- | Sdumo Mtshali | S'busiso Ndlovu |- | Lerato Mvelase | Sibongile Mkhize - Zungu |- | UCeleste Ntuli | Siphokazi Mthembu - Zungu |- | Aubrey Poo | UFenyang Molefenyane |- | Linda Sebezo | Lillian Nyandeni - Xaba |- |} Amalungu abalingisi aphindayo afaka: * Dumisani Dlamini - Mbodla * [[Hamilton Dhlamini|Hamilton Dlamini]] - Andile Sibiya * Wendy Gumede - Nolwandle Mthembu * Amina Jack - Thokozani Zungu * Thulasizwe Khubheka - Mduduzi * Melusi Mbele - Bhekumuzi * Londeka Mchunu - Londiwe Ngubane * Siyatsheni Mdakhi - Saddam Xaba * Nhlanhla Mdlalose - Bongani * Zakhele Msibi - Sunday Nkabinde * [[Thulani Mtsweni]] - Mpihlangene Zungu * Nkanyiso Mzimela - Melusi Zungu * Sihle Ndaba - Cebisile Mkhize * Enerst Ndlovu - Ngwebedla * Sibonelo Ngubane - Mbovu * UCharles Phasha - uJerry * Chris Q. Radebe - Dabula Ngubane * Thandeka Qwabe - Thandiwe * Tisetso Thoka - Mickey Sibiya == Amalungu Angaphambili Abalingisi == * [[Vusi Kunene|UVusi Kunene]] njengoBhekifa Shezi * * [[Nomzamo Mbatha]] njengoThandeka Zungu - Ndlovu * [[Menzi Ngubane]] as Judas Ngwenya * Muzi Mthabela njengoDuma Ngema * Andile Gumbi njengoZweli Shezi * [[Jessica Nkosi|UJessica Nkosi]] njengoQondisile Buthelezi * Thuli Thabethe as Beauty Nyandeni - Ngwenya * ULinda Mtoba njengoZama Nyandeni * USibusisiwe Jili njengoZanele * Tumisho Masha njengoJackson * [[Kwesta|Senzo Vilakazi]] njengo Mehlomamba * UFlorence Makgatsi njengoLerato * Samson Khumalo njengoKgokong * UKoketso Mophuthing njengoKaone == __LEAD_SECTION__ == [[File:Kaffir_Kraal_near_Bulawayo.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Isithombe sesibaya kuduzwe nakwaBulawayo ngekhuluminyaka le-19]] '''Isibaya''' siyindawo ezungezwe ibonda noma esinye isakhiwo ekungandluleki kuso lapho [[izinkomo]] kanye nenye [[imfuyo]] igcinwa khona ukuyivikela kumasela kanye [[Izilwane|nezilwane]] zasendle kanye nokunqanda ukulahleka kwayo. Isibaya sineqhaza elikhulu kwezenhlalahle yabantu abansundu baseNingizimu le-[[IAfrika|Afrika]] ngokuba [[ingcebo]] ekuyimfuyo yalowomuzi yayigcinwa khona. Leliqhaza lingaqhathaniswa nendlela ngokwesimanje [[ibhange]] ilondoloza imfakela yabantu. Ku[[Amanguni|maNguni]], isibaya siyindawo ebalulekilu okubamba umgwamanda, okwenza amasiko, kanye nokuphatha izinhlelo eziqondene nelizwe. Umcimbi wokungena esibayeni sesigodlo sakwaNkonyeni uyindlela okuphelelisa ukungena kwe[[ISilo Samabandla Onke|Silo samaBandla Onke]] esikhundleni saso. Ubumqoka besibaya [[Usiko LwamaZulu|oswikweni lwamazulu]] buvela ekutheni isibaya sasingaphakathi kwomuzi othile, uzungezwe izindlu kanye nezinye izakhiwo. Imiphakathi eyahlukene yayinemibandela eyahlukene mayelana [[Ilungelomvume (kwezomthetho)|ilungelomvumo]] lokungenwa esibayeni, isb., [[Owesifazane|abesifazane]] bebangangeni nakanjani na kweminye imiphakathi ngenxa yosiko noma inkolo yabo. Isibaya siyisibonela esiqhakanjisiwe [[Ifagugu lesiko|sefagugu lesiko]] [[INingizimu Afrika|laseNingizimu Afrika]] – ikakhulu [[Abantu Bomdabu baseNingizimu Afrika|ebantwini bomdabu]]. Isibaya sibaluleke kangangokuthi kunezaga bezisho ezimilile ezibandakanya isibaya, isb., ngolimi [[IsiTswana|lwesiTswana]] kunesisho "''Dikgomo dibuyela sakeng''" (isihumusho ngolimi lwesiZulu: "Izinkomo zibuyela esibayeni") esichaza umkhuba okuba abomzala baganane ukugcina ingcebo kulowomndeni. ldkp463uap1swywc0ap89yl5amg7nyj 131743 131741 2026-10-22T22:16:16Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 131743 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox dot-com company|name=Isibaya|editor=|language=Multilingual (Subtitles included)|num_seasons=8|num_episodes=2,028 (As of 02 April 2021)|list_episodes=|executive_producer=Desiree Markgraaff|producer=Eva Franzen|cinematography=|composer=|camera=Multi-cameras|runtime=22 - 24 minutes|company=The Bomb Shelter|distributor=[[Mzansi Magic]]|network=[[Mzansi Magic]]|first_aired=18 March 2013|country=South Africa|endtheme=|image=Isibaya.png|developer=|image_alt=|caption=The show's title card, shown at the end of the intro of every episode.|alt_name=|genre=[[Drama]]|creator={{plainlist| * Angus Gibson * Desiree Markgraaff * Teboho Mahlatsi * Catherine Stewart }}|based_on=|writer={{Plainlist| * Adze Ugah * Desiree Markgraaf * Mpumelelo Paul Grootboom * Steven Pillemer * Rorisang Matuba * Chris Q. Radebe * Zolisa Sigwada *Andries Mahlatse Banda * Christian Bloomkamp }}|opentheme=|director=Desiree Markgraaff|creative_director=|presenter=|starring=*Siyabonga Thwala *Thembi Nyandeni *Celeste Ntuli *Gcina Mkhize *Bheki Mkhwane *Ayanda Borotho *Sdumo Mtshali *Asavela Mqithi *Mampho Brescia *Samukele Mkhize *Lerato Mvelase *Lorraine Mphephi *Pallance Dladla *Zakhele Mabasa *Andile Maxakaza *Bongani Gumede *Abdul Khoza *Mdu Gumede *Amina Jack *Thulasizwe Khubheka *Melusi Mbele *Thandeka Qwabe *Linda Sebezo *Charles Phasha *Siyatsheni Mdaki *Nkanyiso Mzimela *Nhlanhla Mdlalose *Enhle Mbali *Aubrey Poo *Wendy Gumede *Zakhele Msibi *Zinhle Mabena *Chris Q. Radebe|voices=<!--Organized by broadcast credit order, with new main cast added to the bottom of the list-->|theme_music_composer=|last_aired=02 April 2021}} '''''Isibaya''''' kwakuwumdlalo owuchungechunge owenziwa nsuku zonke eNingizimu Afrika owaqala ukwenziwa ngo-2013, owadlala phambili [[Mzansi Magic|kuMzansi Magic]] owadalwa ngu-Angus Gibson, Desiree Markgraaff, Teboho Mahlatsi noCatherine Stewart.USiyabonga Thwala uhola abalingisi besilisa njengoba uMpiyakhe Zungu noThembi Nyandeni behola abalingisi besifazane njengoMkabayi "MaNcwane" Zungu. <ref>{{Citation|title=Isibaya|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt4171680/|access-date=2019-11-13}}</ref> == Isakhiwo == Ekuqaleni, idrama yayigxile emindenini yamabhizinisi yamatekisi enamandla eBhubesini: amaZungu, aholwa nguMpiyakhe Zungu ( Siyabonga Thwala ), nomndeni wakwaNdlovu, oholwa nguSamson Ndlovu (Bheki Mkhwane), nezingxabano zabo, izimbangi zabo, usuku nosuku izimpilo kanye nezinkinga ezibazungezile.Bahlanganiswe umshado wezingane zabo ezimbili: uThandeka ( Nomzamo Mbatha ) noS'busiso (Sdumo Mtshali) wamaZungu kanye namaNdlovus, ngokulandelana.Empini yamatekisi kufika enye indoda nomndeni wayo.U-Judas Ngwenya ( [[Menzi Ngubane]] ) nonkosikazi wakhe uBeauty Ngwenya (Thuli Thabethe) kanye nezingane zabo uZama Ngwenya (Linda Mtoba) nendodana yakhe nendodana yakhe ayizela kuBeauty wayesebenzela ubaba wakhe futhi ebakhela uzungu ngabo.Indodana kaJudas uQaphela Ngwenya (Abdul Khoza).Bebehlala nonina kaBeauty uLillian Nyandeni (Linda Sebezo) nomshana wakhe uJerry Nyandeni (Charles Phasha).ULillian kamuva washada noSaddam Xaba (Siyatsheni Mdaki) owayeyindoda yesandla sokudla sikaJudas.Kodwa uJudas wabulawa yindodana yakhe uQaphela Ngwenya. == Abalingisi == {| class="wikitable" !Umlingisi ! Indima |- | Siyabonga Thwala | Mpiyakhe Zungu |- | Thembi Nyandeni | Mkabayi Zungu |- | Ayanda Borotho | Phumelele Dlamini - Zungu |- | UMampho Brescia | Iris Rasebetse |- | UPallance Dladla | Jabulani Zungu |- | Bongani Gumede | Mandlenkosi Ndlovu |- | Mdu Gumede | UNtandane |- | Abdul Khoza | Qaphela Ngwenya |- | Zakhele Mabasa | S'khaleni Mngomezulu |- | Zinhle Mabena | Sihle Ngubane |- | Andile Maxakaza | Fezile Khumalo |- | Enhle Mbali Mlotshwa | Sizakele Sibiya |- | Gcina Mkhize | Khanyisile Ndlovu |- | Samukele Mkhize | Mabuyi Dlamini |- | Bheki Mkhwane | Samson Ndlovu |- | Lorraine Mphephi | Pamela Mngomezulu |- | Asavela Mngqithi | Ntwenhle Ndlovu - Ngubane |- | Sdumo Mtshali | S'busiso Ndlovu |- | Lerato Mvelase | Sibongile Mkhize - Zungu |- | UCeleste Ntuli | Siphokazi Mthembu - Zungu |- | Aubrey Poo | UFenyang Molefenyane |- | Linda Sebezo | Lillian Nyandeni - Xaba |- |} Amalungu abalingisi aphindayo afaka: * Dumisani Dlamini - Mbodla * [[Hamilton Dhlamini|Hamilton Dlamini]] - Andile Sibiya * Wendy Gumede - Nolwandle Mthembu * Amina Jack - Thokozani Zungu * Thulasizwe Khubheka - Mduduzi * Melusi Mbele - Bhekumuzi * Londeka Mchunu - Londiwe Ngubane * Siyatsheni Mdakhi - Saddam Xaba * Nhlanhla Mdlalose - Bongani * Zakhele Msibi - Sunday Nkabinde * [[Thulani Mtsweni]] - Mpihlangene Zungu * Nkanyiso Mzimela - Melusi Zungu * Sihle Ndaba - Cebisile Mkhize * Enerst Ndlovu - Ngwebedla * Sibonelo Ngubane - Mbovu * UCharles Phasha - uJerry * Chris Q. Radebe - Dabula Ngubane * Thandeka Qwabe - Thandiwe * Tisetso Thoka - Mickey Sibiya == Amalungu Angaphambili Abalingisi == * [[Vusi Kunene|UVusi Kunene]] njengoBhekifa Shezi * * [[Nomzamo Mbatha]] njengoThandeka Zungu - Ndlovu * [[Menzi Ngubane]] as Judas Ngwenya * Muzi Mthabela njengoDuma Ngema * Andile Gumbi njengoZweli Shezi * [[Jessica Nkosi|UJessica Nkosi]] njengoQondisile Buthelezi * Thuli Thabethe as Beauty Nyandeni - Ngwenya * ULinda Mtoba njengoZama Nyandeni * USibusisiwe Jili njengoZanele * Tumisho Masha njengoJackson * [[Kwesta|Senzo Vilakazi]] njengo Mehlomamba * UFlorence Makgatsi njengoLerato * Samson Khumalo njengoKgokong * UKoketso Mophuthing njengoKaone n5vnrcl0v8sqcbsxwomb1r9uprbuqep 0 32408 131725 109361 2026-10-22T17:40:39Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 /* ukukhulelwa */ 131725 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[Ukukhulelwa]]''' yisikhathi lapho ingane eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ikhula khona ngaphakathi [[Isibeletho|kwesibeletho]] [[Owesifazane|sowesifazane]]. Kungenzeka owesifazane akhulelwe abantwana abangaphezu koyedwa, njengamawele.<ref>[https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323742#:~:text=A%20full%2Dterm%20pregnancy%20has,as%20late%20as%2042%20weeks. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323742#:~:text=A%20full%2Dterm%20pregnancy%20has,as%20late%20as%2042%20weeks.]</ref> Ukukhulelwa kungaphela ngokubeletha, ukukhipha isisu, ukukhipha izisu, noma umtwana ashonele ngaphakathi esiswini. Ukubeletha kuvame ukwenzeka emasontweni angama-40 kusukela ekuqaleni kwenkathi yokugcina yokuya esikhathini (LMP), isikhathi esaziwa ngokuthi iminyaka yokukhulelwa. <ref name="Ab2011" /> &nbsp;Lokhu kungokungaphezu nje kwezinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye. &nbsp;Uma sibala ngobudala bokuvundiswa, ubude bucishe bube amasonto angama-38.<ref name="Ab2011" /> Ukukhulelwa "ukuba khona kwe-embriyo yomuntu efakwe esibelethweni"; ukufakelwa kwenzeka ngokwesilinganiso ezinsukwini ezingu-8-9 ngemuva kokuvundiswa.<ref>[https://www.mass.gov/info-details/mass-general-laws-c112-ss-12k Massachusetts General Laws c.112 § 12K: Definitions applicable to Secs. 12L to 12U], Commonwealth of Massachusetts, 2022</ref> I-embriyo igama lezingane ezikhulayo emasontweni ayisikhombisa okuqala ngemva kokufakelwa (okungukuthi, iminyaka yokukhulelwa yamasonto ayishumi), ngemuva kwalokho igama elithi fetus lisetshenziswa kuze kube yilapho zizalwa.<ref name="Ab2011">{{Cite book|page=46–47}}</ref><ref>https://www.womenshealth.gov/pregnancy/youre-pregnant-now-what/stages-pregnancy</ref> == izimpawo zokukhulelwa == Izimpawu zokukhulelwa kusenesikhathi zingase zihlanganise izikhathi ezingaphumeleli, amabele athambile, Ukugula kwasekuseni (isicanucanu nokuhlanza), indlala, ukopha kokufakelwa, nokuchama njalo. Ukukhulelwa kungaqinisekiswa ngokuhlolwa kokukhulelwa. Izindlela zokulawula inzalo - noma, ngokunembile, ''ukuvimbela inzalo'' - zisetshenziselwa ukugwema ukukhulelwa.<ref>https://www.womenshealth.gov/pregnancy/youre-pregnant-now-what/stages-pregnancy</ref><ref>https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/pregnancy-calendar-intro.html</ref> == amaviki okukhulelwa == Ukukhulelwa kuhlukaniswe ngama-trimesters amathathu cishe izinyanga ezintathu ngayinye. Izinyanga ezintathu zokuqala zihlanganisa ukukhulelwa, lapho isidoda sivundisa iqanda. iqanda elivundile bese lihamba nge-fallopian tube bese linamathela ngaphakathi kwesibeletho, lapho liqala khona ukwakha i-embriyo ne-i-placenta. Phakathi nenyanga yokuqala, amathuba okuphonswa isisu (ukufa okungokwemvelo komntwana obungu noma umbungu) aphakeme kakhulu. Maphakathi nenyanga yesibili, ukunyakaza kombungu kungazwakala. Emasontweni angu-28, izingane ezingaphezu kuka-90% zingaphila ngaphandle kwesibeletho uma zinikezwa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusezingeni eliphakeme, yize izingane ezizalwa ngalesi sikhathi zingase zibe nezinkinga zempilo ezingathi sína njengezinkinga zenhliziyo nokuphefumula kanye nokukhubazeka kwengqondo nokukhula isikhathi eside. == ukuhlola kokuqinisekisa kombhalo == a54l4cameqiu0lm57f5qz8airqxg0iq 0 33715 131747 120161 2026-10-22T22:39:39Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Mahlathamnyama moved page [[Izingane]] to [[Amalungelo wezingane]]: Ukwehlukanisa nekhasi eliphathelene nezingane uqobo 120161 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Izidingo zengane''' [[File:Pupil_washes_hands_during_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ghana.jpg|thumb|ukubaluleka kwamanzi enganeni]] '''Izingane''' ziyinhliziyo yomphakathi. Indlela esizinakekela ngayo namuhla inquma ikusasa lomhlaba wethu. Ukuqonda izidingo zengane kubalulekile kubazali, abanakekeli, othisha, nomphakathi. Lezi zidingo azigcini ngokudla nendawo yokuhlala kuphela—zihlanganisa ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo, ukuphepha, imfundo, namathuba okukhula. Uma lezi zidingo zihlangatshezwa, izingane zikhula zibe ngabantu abazethembayo, abaphethe kahle, nabaphilile. === Izidingo Zomzimba === Izidingo eziyisisekelo zengane zihlanganisa [[ukudla okunempilo]], amanzi ahlanzekile, izingubo ezifanele, indawo yokuhlala, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, nokulala okwanele. [[Ngokwe-World Health Organization,]] ukudla okunomsoco nokunakekelwa kwezempilo kubalulekile ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukiseni ubuchopho. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, izingane zingagula noma zibe nezinkinga zokukhula. Ukuhlolwa kwezempilo njalo, imigomo, nokuzivocavoca kubalulekile ukuze ingane ikhule kahle.<ref>{{Cite web|date=1977|title=Child mental health and psychosocial development.|url=https://doi.org/10.1037/e400972004-001|access-date=2026-02-26|website=PsycEXTRA Dataset}}</ref> === Izidingo Zomzwelo === Izingane zidinga uthando, ukunakekelwa, nokuzizwa ziyingxenye yomndeni. Ukuphepha ngokomzwelo kuzenza zizizwe zibalulekile futhi ziqondwa. Uma abazali belalela izingane zabo futhi bezikhuthaza, zakha ukuzethemba okuqinile. Ukunganakwa ngokomzwelo kungaholela ekukhathazekeni nasekuntuleni ukuzethemba.<ref>{{Cite web|date=1977|title=Child mental health and psychosocial development.|url=https://doi.org/10.1037/e400972004-001|access-date=2026-02-26|website=PsycEXTRA Dataset}}</ref> === Izidingo Zomphakathi === Izingane zidinga ukuxhumana nabanye ukuze zifunde ukwabelana, ukuxazulula izingxabano, nokuhlonipha abanye. Ngokudlala nemisebenzi yeqembu, zifunda amakhono okuxhumana. Izindawo eziphephile nezamukelayo zisiza izingane zakhe ubungani obuhle.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://doi.org/10.18356/9789213585429|title=Early Childhood Development: UNICEF Vision for Every Child|date=2023-09-22|publisher=United Nations|isbn=978-92-1-358542-9}}</ref> === Izidingo Zemfundo === Imfundo ivula amathuba esikhathi esizayo. Ifundisa izingane ukucabanga, ukusungula, nokuxazulula izinkinga. Othisha nabazali kufanele bakhuthaze uthando lokufunda futhi banikeze izinsiza ezifanele. === Ukuphepha Nokuvikelwa === Ingane ngayinye inelungelo lokuphila ngaphandle kodlame nokuhlukunyezwa. Amakhaya, izikole, nemiphakathi kufanele kube izindawo eziphephile. Uma izingane zizizwa ziphephile, zikhula zinethemba futhi zikwazi ukufunda kahle.[4] === Isiphetho === Ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zengane kudinga ukubambisana komndeni, izikole, uhulumeni, nomphakathi. Uma sinakekela izingane namuhla, sakha umphakathi oqinile futhi onomusa kusasa. == Izinomba == <references /> nbjjhza6c94y7sb88jr1acyn9j4na4f 131749 131747 2026-10-22T22:41:42Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 131749 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Pupil_washes_hands_during_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ghana.jpg|thumb|ukubaluleka kwamanzi enganeni]] '''Izingane''' ziyinhliziyo yomphakathi. Indlela esizinakekela ngayo namuhla inquma ikusasa lomhlaba wethu. Ukuqonda izidingo zengane kubalulekile kubazali, abanakekeli, othisha, nomphakathi. Lezi zidingo azigcini ngokudla nendawo yokuhlala kuphela—zihlanganisa ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo, ukuphepha, imfundo, namathuba okukhula. Uma lezi zidingo zihlangatshezwa, [[Ingane|izingane]] zikhula zibe ngabantu abazethembayo, abaphethe kahle, nabaphilile. == Izidingo Zomzimba == Izidingo eziyisisekelo zengane zihlanganisa [[ukudla okunempilo]], amanzi ahlanzekile, izingubo ezifanele, indawo yokuhlala, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, nokulala okwanele. [[Ngokwe-World Health Organization,]] ukudla okunomsoco nokunakekelwa kwezempilo kubalulekile ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukiseni ubuchopho. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, izingane zingagula noma zibe nezinkinga zokukhula. Ukuhlolwa kwezempilo njalo, imigomo, nokuzivocavoca kubalulekile ukuze ingane ikhule kahle.<ref>{{Cite web|date=1977|title=Child mental health and psychosocial development.|url=https://doi.org/10.1037/e400972004-001|access-date=2026-02-26|website=PsycEXTRA Dataset}}</ref> == Izidingo Zomzwelo == Izingane zidinga uthando, ukunakekelwa, nokuzizwa ziyingxenye yomndeni. Ukuphepha ngokomzwelo kuzenza zizizwe zibalulekile futhi ziqondwa. Uma abazali belalela izingane zabo futhi bezikhuthaza, zakha ukuzethemba okuqinile. Ukunganakwa ngokomzwelo kungaholela ekukhathazekeni nasekuntuleni ukuzethemba.<ref>{{Cite web|date=1977|title=Child mental health and psychosocial development.|url=https://doi.org/10.1037/e400972004-001|access-date=2026-02-26|website=PsycEXTRA Dataset}}</ref> == Izidingo Zomphakathi == Izingane zidinga ukuxhumana nabanye ukuze zifunde ukwabelana, ukuxazulula izingxabano, nokuhlonipha abanye. Ngokudlala nemisebenzi yeqembu, zifunda amakhono okuxhumana. Izindawo eziphephile nezamukelayo zisiza izingane zakhe ubungani obuhle.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://doi.org/10.18356/9789213585429|title=Early Childhood Development: UNICEF Vision for Every Child|date=2023-09-22|publisher=United Nations|isbn=978-92-1-358542-9}}</ref> == Izidingo Zemfundo == Imfundo ivula amathuba esikhathi esizayo. Ifundisa izingane ukucabanga, ukusungula, nokuxazulula izinkinga. Othisha nabazali kufanele bakhuthaze uthando lokufunda futhi banikeze izinsiza ezifanele. == Ukuphepha Nokuvikelwa == Ingane ngayinye inelungelo lokuphila ngaphandle kodlame nokuhlukunyezwa. Amakhaya, izikole, nemiphakathi kufanele kube izindawo eziphephile. Uma izingane zizizwa ziphephile, zikhula zinethemba futhi zikwazi ukufunda kahle.[4] == Izinkomba == <references /> oqvfo9x3hkcl8tm29epq4lswnee2o72 5 34270 131761 131664 2026-10-23T10:30:51Z Fongcwele 16873 /* Isibhalwa esiqhakanjiswayo - November 2026 */ 131761 wikitext text/x-wiki == Isibhalwa esiqhakanjiswayo - Juni 2026 == Sanibonani, yisiphi isibhalwa esiqhakanjiswayo enifisa ukuba singene ekhasini elikhulu ngenyaga kaJuni wezi-2026? * [[Intsha yaseNingizimu Afrika]] - sidinga ngentsha jikelele * [[Ubusha]] - sidingida isigaba esandulela ubudala * [[Ukuvukela kweSoweto]] - sidingida izibhelu zowe-1976 * [[Ulwandlekazi]] - sidingida ngezilwandle * [[Imvelo]] - sidingida ngemvelo jikelele * [[Usuku Lwentsha]] Phawula ngezansi ukhethe ofuna sivele. [[User:Fongcwele|Fongcwele]] ([[User talk:Fongcwele|talk]]) 08:05, 27 uNhlaba 2026 (UTC) :* [[Inhlwa yevanga]] :* [[IJalimani]] :* [[IMelika]] :* [[INtshonalanga Kapa]] :[[User:Edwin Ndaba|Edwin Ndaba]] ([[User talk:Edwin Ndaba|talk]]) 18:33, 7 uNhlangulana 2026 (UTC) :Angicabangi ukuthi amakhasi "Imvelo" ne "Ubusha" afike ezingeni elifanele ukuthi aqhakambisiwe [[User:Edwin Ndaba|Edwin Ndaba]] ([[User talk:Edwin Ndaba|talk]]) 18:37, 7 uNhlangulana 2026 (UTC) ::Yebo mfowethu, ngicabanga ukuthi ingxoxo ngokuthi isiphihi isibhalwa esizofakwa kufanele siyibamabe ngaphambi kokuqala kwenyanga entsha. Okwamanje angisiboni isidingo sokuwaguqula, kodwa uquisile, kumeele kufakwe afanele. Kodwa kudingeka siwakhethe sisonke. Sesizolungisa lapho sikhetha alandelayo wenyanga kaJulayi. [[User:Fongcwele|Fongcwele]] ([[User talk:Fongcwele|talk]]) 07:35, 8 uNhlangulana 2026 (UTC) :::Kulungile. :::Nawa amanye amakhasi engifuna ukuwaphakamisa ukuthi siwahlolele ukhetho kaNtulikazi: :::* [[Islam]] :::* [[UbuKristu]] :::* [[UJesu]] :::* [[IKwaZulu-Natali]] :::Ngiwabhala lana ngoba angifuni ukuwakhohlwa. [[User:Edwin Ndaba|Edwin Ndaba]] ([[User talk:Edwin Ndaba|talk]]) 15:18, 8 uNhlangulana 2026 (UTC) ::::ngicela ufunde umhlahlandlela ophakanyisiwe wokuqoka izibhalwa ezizofakwa lapha [[Wikipedia:Featured article candidates]] ukuze sizohambisana ngombono ofanayo. [[User:Fongcwele|Fongcwele]] ([[User talk:Fongcwele|talk]]) 07:34, 9 uNhlangulana 2026 (UTC) == Isibhalwa esiqhakanjiswayo - Julayi 2026 == Sanibonani, yisiphi isibhalwa esiqhakanjiswayo enifisa ukuba singene ekhasini elikhulu ngenyaga kaJulayi wezi-2026? Kudingeka siqoke izilotshwa ezihambisana nemikhankaso yamazwe omhlaba noma kazwelonke, Nazi izilotshwa eziphakayiselwe ukhetho kaNtulikazi: * [[Islam]] * [[UbuKristu]] * [[UJesu]] * [[IKwaZulu-Natali]] * [[Ukhwantalala]] * [[Ukucindezeleka]] * [[Indoda]] [[User:Fongcwele|Fongcwele]] ([[User talk:Fongcwele|talk]]) 13:24, 21 uNhlangulana 2026 (UTC) == Isibhalwa esiqhakanjiswayo - Agasti 2026 == Isikhathi sokuqoka nokukhetha isilotshwa esiqhakanjiswayo sifikile. Enyangeni ka-Agasti phawula ngezansi ngesilotshwa ofuna siqhakanjiswe. Eziqokiwe ezikhona nazi: * [[Isifazane]] * [[Intombazane]] * [[Usuku lwabesifazane]] * [[Owesifazane]] [[User:Fongcwele|Fongcwele]] ([[User talk:Fongcwele|talk]]) 23:23, 16 uNtulikazi 2026 (UTC) == Isibhalwa esiqhakanjiswayo - Septemba 2026 == Isikhathi sokuqoka nokukhetha isilotshwa esiqhakanjiswayo sifikile. Enyangeni kaSeptemba phawula ngezansi ngesilotshwa ofuna siqhakanjiswe. * [[Amasiko]] * [[Ifagugu lesiko]] * [[Isikhumbuzo SeSilo uShaka]] * [[Usuku Lwamagugu]] * [[UMkhosi woMhlanga]] [[User:Fongcwele|Fongcwele]] ([[User talk:Fongcwele|talk]]) 17:12, 23 uNcwaba 2026 (UTC) == Isibhalwa esiqhakanjiswayo - Oktobha 2026 == Isikhathi sokuqoka izilotshwa ezizovela ekhasini elikhulu jgoOktbha, phawula ngezansi ngesilotshwa ocabanga ukuthi siyafaneleka. * [[Intutho]] * [[uMnyango Wezokuthuthukiswa Komphakathi (eNingizimu Afrika)]] [[User:Fongcwele|Fongcwele]] ([[User talk:Fongcwele|talk]]) 08:22, 22 uMandulo 2026 (UTC) :Suggestions: :* [[UNokhwezi]] :* [[Indizamkhathi]] :[[User:Mahlathamnyama|Mahlathamnyama]] ([[User talk:Mahlathamnyama|talk]]) 09:59, 27 uMandulo 2026 (UTC) == Isibhalwa esiqhakanjiswayo - November 2026 == Nansi indawo yokuphawula ngezibhalwa ezizofakwa ekhasini elikhulu ngoNovemba * [[Ukhetho lomasipala laseNingizimu Afrika lowezi-2026|Ukhetho lomasipala]] * [[Izinsuku ezili-16 zokulwa nodlame lobulili]] . [[User:Fongcwele|Fongcwele]] ([[User talk:Fongcwele|talk]]) 19:10, 19 uMfumfu 2026 (UTC) 80irewf0kqp2xy828yt8xookyjxir32 0 34821 131732 127306 2026-10-22T19:02:34Z Fongcwele 16873 Fongcwele moved page [[Imfethezo]] to [[Inkulumoze]] 127306 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:I_Want_You_for_U.S._Army_by_James_Montgomery_Flagg.jpg|thumb|Isithombe esidumile semfethezo esibizwa- "Uncle Sam" sikaJames Montgomery Flagg, esenziwa phakathi IMpi Yezwe I]] '''Imfethezo''' uhlobo [[Ukuxhumana|lokuxhumana]] olusetshenziselwa ngokuyinhloko ukuthonya izilaleli nokuzikholisa ukuze kuqhutshekiswe ikhwatha. Imfethezo ivame ukuchema nokuveza iziminya ngendlela ekhethayo ukuze ikhuthaze intshwayo ethile, noma isebenzise inkulumo egxishiwe ukuveza ukusabela ngokomzwelo kunokusabela ngokomqondo ekwaziseni okwethulwayo. Imfethezo ingatholakala ezimweni ezihlukahlukene. Igama lesiZulu elithi imfethezo kulesi sihloko lisetshenziswa ukuchaza indlela yokuthobya nokuxhaphaza abantu, ngokomlando lisho ukusakaza inhlebo, amanga namawushawusha. Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinsizakuxhumana nezincwadi ezisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa imiyalezo yemfethezo, ezaguquka njengoba kusungulwa ubuchwepheshe obusha, kufaka phakathi imibheco, ama-cartoons, izixhomo, amapheshana, ingqayo, izinhlelo zomsakazo, izinhlelo zomabinakude, nezizindalwebu.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2008-06-01|title=Display folk: Second World War posters at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa|url=https://tuhinga.arphahub.com/article/34165/|language=en|page=7–27}}</ref> Muva nje, inkathi yezezibhangqiwe iye yavusa izindlela ezintsha zokusakaza imfethezo, ngokwesibonelo, imfethezo yezokucikiza, izithunu (bots) nezihlelakwenza kusetshenziselwa ukulawula uvo lomphakathi, ngokwesibonelo, ngokwakha [[izindabambumbulu]] noma izindaba ezichemile nokuzisakaza ezinkundleni zokuxhumana noma ngokusebenzisa [[Isiqavithi|iziqavithi]] ukunkawuza abantu bangempela ezinkundleni zokuxhumana.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Susser|first1=Daniel|last2=Roessler|first2=Beate|author2-link=Beate Roessler|last3=Nissenbaum|first3=Helen|author3-link=Helen Nissenbaum|title=Technology, autonomy, and manipulation|journal=Internet Policy Review|date=2019|volume=8|issue=2|doi=10.14763/2019.2.1410|url=https://doi.org/10.14763%2F2019.2.1410}}</ref> ==uMsukagama== Isichazamazwi sikaNyembezi noDent sichaza igama elithi propaganda njengesenzo sokusakaza inkulumo noma ulwazi oluchemile olungavezi wonke amaqiniso. Inhloso Yokusakaza lokhu iwukukhohlisa nokuthonya abantu. Elithi imfethezo lona livela esenzweni ukufetheza, okuyisenzo sokusakaza inhlebo, amanga noma inkulumo echemile ngenjongo yokukholisa noma ukuthonya abantu. Imvelaphi yelithi propaganda ayihlangene nhlobo nokukhohlisa noma ukuthonya abantu, Kodwa selinaliwo mqondo. Ngokufanayo imfethezo igama elingeyivezi inhloso yokukholisa nokuhleba, nalo linganikwa umqondo ofanayo. Elithi ''inkulumo-ze'' nakuba lisetshenziswa yimithombo ethile, liyageja njengoba lusikisela ukuthi imfethezo isho inkulumo engenalutho, engenasisindo noma engenawo amandla. ==Izincasiselo== [[File:Propaganda Poster SS-Freiwilligen-Grenadier-Division Langemarck met anti-Semitisch opschrift Samen zullen wij hem verpletteren!.jpg|thumb|Imfethezo yamaNazi ngesithombe esiveza iviyo Lesigaba se-SS lama-27 nesihloko esicwasa amaShemi: "Ndawonye sizomchoboza!".]] Usomlando uArthur Aspinall waqaphela ukuthi amaphephandaba ayingalundelwe ukuba abe yizinsiza ezizimele zokwaziswa lapho eqala ukuba nengxenye ebalulekile kwezombusazwe ekupheleni kwekhulu le-1700, kodwa kwakucatshangwa ukuthi azoqhakambisa abanikazi bawo nohulumeni abawaxhasayo. Ngekhulu lama-20, igama elithi imfethezo lalihanbisana nokuvela kwezinsizakuxhumana, ezihlanganisa amaphephandaba nomsakazo. Lapho abacwaningi beqala ukufunda umthelela wezinsizakuxhamana, basebenzisa umchachiso wosikiselo (''suggestion theory'') ukuze bachaze indlela abantu abathonywa ngayo imiyalezo ethinta imizwelo. UHarold Lasswell waveza incasiselo ebanzi yegama elithi imfethezo (propaganda), wathi: "iwukuvezwa kovo noma izenzo zabantu noma amaqembu abo ngenhloso yokuthonya uvo nezenzo Zabantu noma amaqembu abo ekwenzeni okunqunyiwe ngokubalumba imiqondo."<ref>Ellul, Jacques (1965). Introduction by Konrad Kellen in ''[[Propaganda: The Formation of Men's Attitudes]]'', pp. [https://archive.org/details/propagandaformat0000ellu/page/n16/mode/1up xi–xii]. Trans. Konrad Kellen & Jean Lerner from original 1962 French edition ''Propagandes''. Knopf, New York. {{ISBN|978-0-394-71874-3}} (1973 edition by Vintage Books, New York).</ref> UGarth Jowett benoVictoria O'Donnell bachachisa bathi imfethezo nokuthoma kuhlobene njengoba abantu besetshenziswa Ukuxhumana njengohlobo lamandla antobontobo ngokuthuthukisa nokubhala izincwadi zemfethezo.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Jowett |first1=Garth |last2=O'Donnell |first2=Victoria |title=Propaganda and Persuasion |url=https://archive.org/details/propagandapersua0000jowe_m3v7 |date=2012 |publisher=Sage Publications Inc. |isbn=978-1412977821 |edition=5th |language=en}}{{Page needed|date=February 2020}}</ref> Ngowe-1929 kunkulumo-mpikiswano yobucikomazwi noEdward Bernays, uEverett Dean Martin waphika ngokuthi, "Imfethezo isiphendula opopayi. Sidikiziswa imicu efihliwe elawulwa umfethezi."<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Martin |first1=Everett Dean |author-link1=Everett Dean Martin |editor1-last=Leach |editor1-first=Henry Goddard |editor1-link=Henry Goddard Leach |title=Are We Victims of Propaganda, Our Invisible Masters: A Debate with Edward Bernays |journal=[[The Forum (American magazine)|The Forum]] |date=March 1929 |volume=81 |pages=142–150 |url=http://postflaviana.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/martin-bernays-debate.pdf |access-date=22 February 2020 |publisher=Forum Publishing Company |language=en}}</ref> Ngeshuminyaka lowe-1920 nolwe-1930, imfethezo yayinesikhatgi lapho inamandla khona. Ngokwesibonelo, uBernays wavuma encwadini yakhe ethi ''Propaganda'' ukuthi "Ukulawulwa okuphapheme nokulumukile kwemikhuba ehleliwe nezimvo zezinkumbi kuyisici esibalulekile somphakathi wombusosobala. Labo abalawula lenguxa engabonwa yomphakathi bakha uhulumeni ocashile okuyiwona ongamandla abusayo angempela ezweni lethu. Siyabuswa, imiqondo yethu iyabunjwa, amasu wethu asikiselwe, yilabo esingakaze sezwa ngabo."<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bernays L |first1=Edward |author-link1=Edward Bernays |title=Propaganda |date=1928 |publisher=Horace |location=Liveright |page=[https://archive.org/details/BernaysPropaganda/page/n3 9] |url=https://archive.org/details/BernaysPropaganda}}</ref> Isiqondiso seNATO sowezi-2011 sezindaba zomphakathi kwabezempi sachasisa imfethezo ngokuthi "ukwaziswa, amasu, izimfundiso, noma ukunxusa okukhethekile okusatshalaliselwa ukuthonya izimvo, imizwelo, izimo zengqondo, nokuziphatha kwanoma ibaphi abantu ukuze kuzuze umxhasi, ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile".<ref>{{cite book |last=Kuehl |first=Dan |date=2014-03-10 |editor-last=Snow |editor-first=Nancy |title=Propaganda and American Democracy |url=https://archive.org/details/propagandaameric0000unse |publisher=Louisiana State University Press |pages=[https://archive.org/details/propagandaameric0000unse/page/12 12] |chapter=Chapter 1: Propaganda in the Digital Age |isbn=978-0-8071-5416-8}}</ref> Kamuva, iRAND Corporation yaqamba igama elithi ''firehose of falsehood'' ukuchazisa indlela amandla wezokuxhumana zanamuhla avumela inqwaba yemiyalezo ukuba isakazwe ngokushesha, ngokuphindiwe nangokuqhubekayo ngezisakazi ezifana ( [[Izindaba]] and [[Izinkundla zokuxhumana]]) ngaphandle kokunaka iqiniso.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Paul |first1=Christopher |last2=Matthews |first2=Miriam |title=The Russian "Firehose of Falsehood" Propaganda Model |chapter=Why It Might Work and Options to Counter It |date=2016 |publisher=RAND Corporation |chapter-url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep02439 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Zegart |first1=Amy B. |title=Spies, Lies, and Algorithms: The History and Future of American Intelligence |date=28 February 2023 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-22307-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CNGAEAAAQBAJ&dq=firehose%20of%20falsehood%20rand&pg=PA373}}</ref> ==Amaphatho== crecxz44pqjri0g9zfrdfbfryppwev9 131734 131732 2026-10-22T19:04:48Z Fongcwele 16873 Fongcwele moved page [[Inkulumoze]] to [[Imfethezo]] over redirect: Revert 127306 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:I_Want_You_for_U.S._Army_by_James_Montgomery_Flagg.jpg|thumb|Isithombe esidumile semfethezo esibizwa- "Uncle Sam" sikaJames Montgomery Flagg, esenziwa phakathi IMpi Yezwe I]] '''Imfethezo''' uhlobo [[Ukuxhumana|lokuxhumana]] olusetshenziselwa ngokuyinhloko ukuthonya izilaleli nokuzikholisa ukuze kuqhutshekiswe ikhwatha. Imfethezo ivame ukuchema nokuveza iziminya ngendlela ekhethayo ukuze ikhuthaze intshwayo ethile, noma isebenzise inkulumo egxishiwe ukuveza ukusabela ngokomzwelo kunokusabela ngokomqondo ekwaziseni okwethulwayo. Imfethezo ingatholakala ezimweni ezihlukahlukene. Igama lesiZulu elithi imfethezo kulesi sihloko lisetshenziswa ukuchaza indlela yokuthobya nokuxhaphaza abantu, ngokomlando lisho ukusakaza inhlebo, amanga namawushawusha. Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinsizakuxhumana nezincwadi ezisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa imiyalezo yemfethezo, ezaguquka njengoba kusungulwa ubuchwepheshe obusha, kufaka phakathi imibheco, ama-cartoons, izixhomo, amapheshana, ingqayo, izinhlelo zomsakazo, izinhlelo zomabinakude, nezizindalwebu.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2008-06-01|title=Display folk: Second World War posters at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa|url=https://tuhinga.arphahub.com/article/34165/|language=en|page=7–27}}</ref> Muva nje, inkathi yezezibhangqiwe iye yavusa izindlela ezintsha zokusakaza imfethezo, ngokwesibonelo, imfethezo yezokucikiza, izithunu (bots) nezihlelakwenza kusetshenziselwa ukulawula uvo lomphakathi, ngokwesibonelo, ngokwakha [[izindabambumbulu]] noma izindaba ezichemile nokuzisakaza ezinkundleni zokuxhumana noma ngokusebenzisa [[Isiqavithi|iziqavithi]] ukunkawuza abantu bangempela ezinkundleni zokuxhumana.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Susser|first1=Daniel|last2=Roessler|first2=Beate|author2-link=Beate Roessler|last3=Nissenbaum|first3=Helen|author3-link=Helen Nissenbaum|title=Technology, autonomy, and manipulation|journal=Internet Policy Review|date=2019|volume=8|issue=2|doi=10.14763/2019.2.1410|url=https://doi.org/10.14763%2F2019.2.1410}}</ref> ==uMsukagama== Isichazamazwi sikaNyembezi noDent sichaza igama elithi propaganda njengesenzo sokusakaza inkulumo noma ulwazi oluchemile olungavezi wonke amaqiniso. Inhloso Yokusakaza lokhu iwukukhohlisa nokuthonya abantu. Elithi imfethezo lona livela esenzweni ukufetheza, okuyisenzo sokusakaza inhlebo, amanga noma inkulumo echemile ngenjongo yokukholisa noma ukuthonya abantu. Imvelaphi yelithi propaganda ayihlangene nhlobo nokukhohlisa noma ukuthonya abantu, Kodwa selinaliwo mqondo. Ngokufanayo imfethezo igama elingeyivezi inhloso yokukholisa nokuhleba, nalo linganikwa umqondo ofanayo. Elithi ''inkulumo-ze'' nakuba lisetshenziswa yimithombo ethile, liyageja njengoba lusikisela ukuthi imfethezo isho inkulumo engenalutho, engenasisindo noma engenawo amandla. ==Izincasiselo== [[File:Propaganda Poster SS-Freiwilligen-Grenadier-Division Langemarck met anti-Semitisch opschrift Samen zullen wij hem verpletteren!.jpg|thumb|Imfethezo yamaNazi ngesithombe esiveza iviyo Lesigaba se-SS lama-27 nesihloko esicwasa amaShemi: "Ndawonye sizomchoboza!".]] Usomlando uArthur Aspinall waqaphela ukuthi amaphephandaba ayingalundelwe ukuba abe yizinsiza ezizimele zokwaziswa lapho eqala ukuba nengxenye ebalulekile kwezombusazwe ekupheleni kwekhulu le-1700, kodwa kwakucatshangwa ukuthi azoqhakambisa abanikazi bawo nohulumeni abawaxhasayo. Ngekhulu lama-20, igama elithi imfethezo lalihanbisana nokuvela kwezinsizakuxhumana, ezihlanganisa amaphephandaba nomsakazo. Lapho abacwaningi beqala ukufunda umthelela wezinsizakuxhamana, basebenzisa umchachiso wosikiselo (''suggestion theory'') ukuze bachaze indlela abantu abathonywa ngayo imiyalezo ethinta imizwelo. UHarold Lasswell waveza incasiselo ebanzi yegama elithi imfethezo (propaganda), wathi: "iwukuvezwa kovo noma izenzo zabantu noma amaqembu abo ngenhloso yokuthonya uvo nezenzo Zabantu noma amaqembu abo ekwenzeni okunqunyiwe ngokubalumba imiqondo."<ref>Ellul, Jacques (1965). Introduction by Konrad Kellen in ''[[Propaganda: The Formation of Men's Attitudes]]'', pp. [https://archive.org/details/propagandaformat0000ellu/page/n16/mode/1up xi–xii]. Trans. Konrad Kellen & Jean Lerner from original 1962 French edition ''Propagandes''. Knopf, New York. {{ISBN|978-0-394-71874-3}} (1973 edition by Vintage Books, New York).</ref> UGarth Jowett benoVictoria O'Donnell bachachisa bathi imfethezo nokuthoma kuhlobene njengoba abantu besetshenziswa Ukuxhumana njengohlobo lamandla antobontobo ngokuthuthukisa nokubhala izincwadi zemfethezo.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Jowett |first1=Garth |last2=O'Donnell |first2=Victoria |title=Propaganda and Persuasion |url=https://archive.org/details/propagandapersua0000jowe_m3v7 |date=2012 |publisher=Sage Publications Inc. |isbn=978-1412977821 |edition=5th |language=en}}{{Page needed|date=February 2020}}</ref> Ngowe-1929 kunkulumo-mpikiswano yobucikomazwi noEdward Bernays, uEverett Dean Martin waphika ngokuthi, "Imfethezo isiphendula opopayi. Sidikiziswa imicu efihliwe elawulwa umfethezi."<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Martin |first1=Everett Dean |author-link1=Everett Dean Martin |editor1-last=Leach |editor1-first=Henry Goddard |editor1-link=Henry Goddard Leach |title=Are We Victims of Propaganda, Our Invisible Masters: A Debate with Edward Bernays |journal=[[The Forum (American magazine)|The Forum]] |date=March 1929 |volume=81 |pages=142–150 |url=http://postflaviana.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/martin-bernays-debate.pdf |access-date=22 February 2020 |publisher=Forum Publishing Company |language=en}}</ref> Ngeshuminyaka lowe-1920 nolwe-1930, imfethezo yayinesikhatgi lapho inamandla khona. Ngokwesibonelo, uBernays wavuma encwadini yakhe ethi ''Propaganda'' ukuthi "Ukulawulwa okuphapheme nokulumukile kwemikhuba ehleliwe nezimvo zezinkumbi kuyisici esibalulekile somphakathi wombusosobala. Labo abalawula lenguxa engabonwa yomphakathi bakha uhulumeni ocashile okuyiwona ongamandla abusayo angempela ezweni lethu. Siyabuswa, imiqondo yethu iyabunjwa, amasu wethu asikiselwe, yilabo esingakaze sezwa ngabo."<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bernays L |first1=Edward |author-link1=Edward Bernays |title=Propaganda |date=1928 |publisher=Horace |location=Liveright |page=[https://archive.org/details/BernaysPropaganda/page/n3 9] |url=https://archive.org/details/BernaysPropaganda}}</ref> Isiqondiso seNATO sowezi-2011 sezindaba zomphakathi kwabezempi sachasisa imfethezo ngokuthi "ukwaziswa, amasu, izimfundiso, noma ukunxusa okukhethekile okusatshalaliselwa ukuthonya izimvo, imizwelo, izimo zengqondo, nokuziphatha kwanoma ibaphi abantu ukuze kuzuze umxhasi, ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile".<ref>{{cite book |last=Kuehl |first=Dan |date=2014-03-10 |editor-last=Snow |editor-first=Nancy |title=Propaganda and American Democracy |url=https://archive.org/details/propagandaameric0000unse |publisher=Louisiana State University Press |pages=[https://archive.org/details/propagandaameric0000unse/page/12 12] |chapter=Chapter 1: Propaganda in the Digital Age |isbn=978-0-8071-5416-8}}</ref> Kamuva, iRAND Corporation yaqamba igama elithi ''firehose of falsehood'' ukuchazisa indlela amandla wezokuxhumana zanamuhla avumela inqwaba yemiyalezo ukuba isakazwe ngokushesha, ngokuphindiwe nangokuqhubekayo ngezisakazi ezifana ( [[Izindaba]] and [[Izinkundla zokuxhumana]]) ngaphandle kokunaka iqiniso.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Paul |first1=Christopher |last2=Matthews |first2=Miriam |title=The Russian "Firehose of Falsehood" Propaganda Model |chapter=Why It Might Work and Options to Counter It |date=2016 |publisher=RAND Corporation |chapter-url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep02439 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Zegart |first1=Amy B. |title=Spies, Lies, and Algorithms: The History and Future of American Intelligence |date=28 February 2023 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-22307-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CNGAEAAAQBAJ&dq=firehose%20of%20falsehood%20rand&pg=PA373}}</ref> ==Amaphatho== crecxz44pqjri0g9zfrdfbfryppwev9 0 35400 131756 129128 2026-10-23T02:52:28Z Fongcwele 16873 /* Izici eziyinhloko zomngani: */ 131756 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''UMNGANI'''''' '''Umngani''' ngumuntu onobudlelwane obuseduze naye, obusekelwe ekuthembaneni, ekuhloniphaneni, nasekuthandaneni. Akusilo nje igama elisetshenziswa kunoma ubani, kodwa libhekisela kumuntu onokuxhumana okukhethekile naye.[https://askfilo.com/user-question-answers-smart-solutions/yini-umngani-explain-3436323138323036] t6z9pn7gwp4xfww0h7di8afsoucpm8q 131757 131756 2026-10-23T02:53:11Z Fongcwele 16873 Redirected page to [[Ubungani]] 131757 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Ubungani]] 8nhkmcpjrlil7ae51poztke4jssv5yu 0 36022 131751 131653 2026-10-22T22:58:06Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 /* */ 131751 wikitext text/x-wiki '''iSARS''' ('''Inkonzo yeNtelo yaseNingizimu Afrika''') iwuphiko wegatsha lokuphatha wo[[UHulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika|hulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika]], ikakhulu Umnyango wezeMali, oqoqa futhi ophoqelela [[Umthetho|imithetho]] ukhiphe imiyalo ephathelene ne[[Intela|ntela]] e[[Ningizimu Afrika]]. Imiswe nge[[Isenzo sePhalamende|Senzo sePhalamende]] sama-34 se-1997 weSARS. Nakuba imiswe ngaphakathi kwophathahlelo lomphakathi, ingaphandle kwenkonzo yomphakathi. Inokuzimela okubanzi kepha iphenduleka kuNgqongqoshe wezeMali ekuqinisekisweni ukuthi intela njengoba iklanywe nguMnyango wezeMali futhi oshayiwe y[[iPhalamende laseNingizimu Afrika]] iyalendelwa futhi ikhokhwa ngokufanele. 0k7rqb11t0suyj8wqhfqjtswuptargg 0 36037 131721 2026-10-22T15:50:05Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1379331296|Triangle]]" 131721 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Triangle_illustration.svg|thumb|Unxantathu, umamacalaningi onamacala amathathu]] '''Unxantathu''' (noma inxantathu, isilonco) uyisimo esiyisicaba ([[Umngako|esingumngako mabili]]) esiqukatha amacala amathathu wemigqa eqondile (engumngako munye) exhunywe emachashazeni amathathu. Uyisimo esiyisisekela [[Umchazabukhulu|omchazabukhulwini]] (ikakhulu wobu-Euclid) futhi uyinye yezimo ezimacalaningi ezilula. Unxantathu unezingoni ezintathu ngaphakathi. Uma kuhlanganiswa ubukhulu bezingoni ezintathu zenxantathu zingamazinga ayi-180°. Uma udweba imingqa eqondile (engagobiyo) kusukela ezingonini kuya emchazasheni owodwa, lapho zihlangana khona zizoba ngamazinga angama-360°. Naliphi icala lingaba isizinda senxantathu. Ekuqondene ngaphesheya kwalelocala elikhethwe ukuba isizinda, kunechashaza lapho kuxhunywe amacala amabili angabomakhelwane ebizwa isicongo. Umugqa ongamula ngaphakathi kwenxantathu oxhumanisa isiconga kanye nechashaza esenkabini yesizinda ubizwa impakamo noma injula. Ubungakho bendawo benxantathu buqaqulwa nomcabayo olandelayo: ''½×(impakamo×isizinda).'' Ngokomchazabukhulu ka-Euclid, kunezinhlobo zezinxantathu ezimbalwa ngokulandelayo: * Amacala wonke ayalingana * Amacala amabili ayalingana (unxantathu omacalazaqa) * Amacala wonke awalingani * Kunengoni eyodwa yamazinga angama-90° (ingoni eqhiyeme) * Kunengoni eyodwa endlula amazinga angama-90° (ingoni ebuthuntu) * Zonke izingoni zingaphansi kwamazinga angama-90° (ingoni emcijo) Ngokomchazabukhulu ongesika-Euclid, imigqa emithathu exhunyiwe edwetshwe ebusweni bembhulunga yakha isimo esibizwa unxantathu naso nxa singagobi emkhathini womngako-mabili nakuba ugoba kumngaka-mathathu. mv3w5fgpow1ziotrsllkb4tzsdlttyn 0 36038 131722 2026-10-22T16:22:17Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1380807964|Quadrilateral]]" 131722 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Six Quadrilaterals.svg|thumb|Izinhlobo eziyisithupha zenxane.]]   [[Ngokomchazabukhulu]], '''unxane''' (iningi: onxane) uyisimo esiyisicaba ([[Umngako|esingumngako-mabili]]) oqukatha amacala amane angagobile axhunyiwe. [[Ingoni|Izingoni]] ezingaphakathi zenxane nxa zihlangene zingamazinga angama-360°. Izingoni ezimbili eziqondene ngaphesheya zingamazinga angama-180° nxa zihlangene. Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zenxane ezilandelayo: * [[IGcagcane|Igcagcane]] (ibizomfakelwa: isikwele): Amacala wonke ayalingana ngobude. Izingoni zonke zingamazinga ngama-90°. * Unxande: Amacala amabili aqondene ngaphesheya ayalingana ngobude. Izingoni zonke zingamazinga ngama-90°. * Isitsheke: Amacala amabili aqondene ngaphesheya ayalingana ngobude. Kunezingoni ezingaphansi nezinye ezingaphezu kwamazinga angama-90° * Igcagcane-tshekile (noma isigomonqo noma idayimane): Amacala wonke ayalingana ngobude. Kunezingoni ezingaphansi nezinye ezingaphezu kwamazinga angama-90° * Isigwegwana: Mabili amacala aqondene ngaphesheya ayalinganayo ngobude kodwa amanye amacala amabili aqondene ngaphesheya awalingani ngobude. * Isintantamoyeni (ikhayithi noma idayimaninde): Amacala angabomakhelwane ayalingana ngobude. Amacala aqondene ngaphesheya awalingani. Umcibisholo awusisona isimo esiyisisekela ngokomchazabukhula ka-Euclid ngokuba amazinga angaphakathi kwayo mayehlangene andlula amazinga angama-360° ngobukhulu. a0gw7dtc4toy9dtbqobwpfm5b51lgjp 131723 131722 2026-10-22T16:25:42Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 131723 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Six Quadrilaterals.svg|thumb|Izinhlobo eziyisithupha zenxane.]] [[Umchazabukhulu|Ngokomchazabukhulu]], '''unxane''' (iningi: onxane) uyisimo esiyisicaba ([[Umngako|esingumngako-mabili]]) oqukatha amacala amane angagobile axhunyiwe. [[Ingoni|Izingoni]] ezingaphakathi zenxane nxa zihlangene zingamazinga angama-360°. Izingoni ezimbili eziqondene ngaphesheya zingamazinga angama-180° nxa zihlangene. Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zenxane ezilandelayo: * [[IGcagcane|Igcagcane]] (ibizomfakelwa: isikwele): Amacala wonke ayalingana ngobude. Izingoni zonke zingamazinga ngama-90°. * Unxande: Amacala amabili aqondene ngaphesheya ayalingana ngobude. Izingoni zonke zingamazinga ngama-90°. * Isitsheke: Amacala amabili aqondene ngaphesheya ayalingana ngobude. Kunezingoni ezingaphansi nezinye ezingaphezu kwamazinga angama-90° * Igcagcane-tshekile (noma isigomonqo noma idayimane): Amacala wonke ayalingana ngobude. Kunezingoni ezingaphansi nezinye ezingaphezu kwamazinga angama-90° * Isigwegwana: Mabili amacala aqondene ngaphesheya ayalinganayo ngobude kodwa amanye amacala amabili aqondene ngaphesheya awalingani ngobude. * Isintantamoyeni (ikhayithi noma idayimaninde): Amacala angabomakhelwane ayalingana ngobude. Amacala aqondene ngaphesheya awalingani. Umcibisholo awusisona isimo esiyisisekela ngokomchazabukhula ka-Euclid ngokuba amazinga angaphakathi kwayo mayehlangene andlula amazinga angama-360° ngobukhulu. migg4fhna5xtrkow56rks2t0bpov2by 131724 131723 2026-10-22T16:31:11Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 131724 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Six Quadrilaterals.svg|thumb|Izinhlobo eziyisithupha zenxane.]] [[Umchazabukhulu|Ngokomchazabukhulu]], '''unxane''' (iningi: onxane) uyisimo esiyisicaba ([[Umngako|esingumngako-mabili]]) esiqukatha amacala amane angagobile axhunyiwe. [[Ingoni|Izingoni]] ezingaphakathi zenxane nxa zihlangene zingamazinga angama-360°. Izingoni ezimbili eziqondene ngaphesheya zingamazinga ayi-180° nxa zihlangene. Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zenxane ngokulandelayo: * [[IGcagcane|Igcagcane]] (ibizomfakela: isikwele): Amacala wonke ayalingana ngobude. Izingoni zonke zingamazinga angama-90°. * Unxande: Amacala amabili aqondene ngaphesheya ayalingana ngobude. Izingoni zonke zingamazinga angama-90°. * Isitsheke: Amacala amabili aqondene ngaphesheya ayalingana ngobude. Kunezingoni ezingaphansi nezinye ezingaphezu kwamazinga angama-90° * Igcagcane-tshekile (noma isigomonqo noma idayimane): Amacala wonke ayalingana ngobude. Kunezingoni ezingaphansi nezinye ezingaphezu kwamazinga angama-90° * Isigwegwana: Mabili amacala aqondene ngaphesheya alinganayo ngobude kodwa amanye amacala amabili aqondene ngaphesheya awalingani ngobude. * Isintantamoyeni (ikhayithi noma idayimaninde): Kunamacala angabomakhelwane alinganayo ngobude. Kunamacala aqondene ngaphesheya ewangalingani ngobude. Umcibisholo awusisona isimo esiyisisekela ngokomchazabukhula ka-Euclid ngokuba amazinga angaphakathi kwayo mayehlangene andlula amazinga angama-360° ngobukhulu. 8ay5ettavoza8v52cbfs4ndc2q49yj8 0 36039 131726 2026-10-22T18:18:26Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375270529|Child]]" 131726 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ingane''' (iningi: izingane, elinye igama: umntwana, iningi: abantwana) [[Umuntu|ingumuntu]] ongaphakathi kwezigaba zempilo [[Ukukhulelwa|zokubelethwa]] kanye nesigaba sentsha. Izinhlanga ezahlukene [[Amasiko|zinamasiko]] nemibono engafani mayelana isigaba sobungane kanye nokuthi inamalungelo anjani, ifeza iqhaza elinjani, ikhuliswa ngubani, kanjani, nokuthi isigaba sobungane siqalaphi nokusiphelaphi. Amanye amazwe achaza lokho okusesibeletheni nakuba lungakakabelethwa ingane. Iningi lamazwe lihlukanisa izigaba zobungane nesentsha nesigaba sowokhulile noma omdala. Kungakho emazweni amaningi, ingane ayiphenduleli izenzo zayo ngokufana nomdala. csdv950u39w3mx0ocx3vwhzwclda1s9 0 36040 131727 2026-10-22T18:21:32Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Redirected page to [[Ingane]] 131727 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Ingane]] 57l5v6dsbfnhe28xycv9jp7dgvzhelq 0 36041 131728 2026-10-22T18:29:52Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Created page with "[[IsiZulu|Ngolimi]] kanye [[Usiko LwamaZulu|nangokwamasiko]] wesiZulu, '''Umntwana''' uyisihloko noma isiqu salowo ozalelwe ebukhosini. Leligama lihlukile elisetshenzisweni ekujwayelekile lomntwana [[Ingane|oyingane]]. Umntwana oyisiqu uyisikhundleni sasebukhosini sobuNkosana noma ubuNkosazana. Isiqu sikaMntwana asibandlululi ngobulili – abesilisa kanye nabesifazane abasebukhosini bangabizwa Umntwana ngokufanayo. Uma kuhyunyushwa izikhundla ezifanayo zamanye amazwe U..." 131728 wikitext text/x-wiki [[IsiZulu|Ngolimi]] kanye [[Usiko LwamaZulu|nangokwamasiko]] wesiZulu, '''Umntwana''' uyisihloko noma isiqu salowo ozalelwe ebukhosini. Leligama lihlukile elisetshenzisweni ekujwayelekile lomntwana [[Ingane|oyingane]]. Umntwana oyisiqu uyisikhundleni sasebukhosini sobuNkosana noma ubuNkosazana. Isiqu sikaMntwana asibandlululi ngobulili – abesilisa kanye nabesifazane abasebukhosini bangabizwa Umntwana ngokufanayo. Uma kuhyunyushwa izikhundla ezifanayo zamanye amazwe [[Ubukhosi|anobukhosi]], leligama lingasetshenziswa ngokufanayo olimini lwesiZulu. Ngokuba amanye amazwe awahlukanisi iNkosana noma iNkosazana nayena onguMntwana, akulona iphutha loyo ongabe unguMntwana ngokwesiZulu ebizwa iNkosana noma iNkosazana. Umntwana nguloyo ozalelwe ebukhosini. mkgatpkqw8zd3nhxrh5v8quyjdmbynn 1 36042 131729 2026-10-22T18:33:47Z Fongcwele 16873 /* Umntwanenkosi in full */ new section 131729 wikitext text/x-wiki == Umntwanenkosi in full == This should be umntwanenkosi, instead of saying umntwana an using (owasebukhosini) in brackets. Umntwanenkosi translates to prince/princess. Hierarchy apparent should be iphosukubusa [[User:Fongcwele|Fongcwele]] ([[User talk:Fongcwele|talk]]) 18:33, 22 uMfumfu 2026 (UTC) g3ousr7wlktoknigrx1bl3tv8u4p9zn 131730 131729 2026-10-22T18:34:14Z Fongcwele 16873 /* Umntwanenkosi in full */ 131730 wikitext text/x-wiki == Umntwanenkosi in full == This should be umntwanenkosi, instead of saying umntwana an using (owasebukhosini) in brackets. Umntwanenkosi translates to prince/princess. Hier apparent should be iphosukubusa [[User:Fongcwele|Fongcwele]] ([[User talk:Fongcwele|talk]]) 18:33, 22 uMfumfu 2026 (UTC) 6gu1nf32dbrgf59ccfsqut4o2m7qc08 0 36043 131731 2026-10-22T18:42:47Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1378300510|Prince]]" 131731 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usiko LwamaZulu|Ngokwamasiko wesiZulu]], '''Inkosana''' inguye ongaphansi kwezinga lesikhundla [[ISilo Samabandla Onke|seSilo samaBandla Onke]] oyilunga lomndeni wasebukhosini [[KwaZulu|bakwaZulu]]. Ngesinye isikhathi inkosana ibizwa [[Umntwana (owasebukhosini)|Umntwana]] uma izalelwe ebukhosini. [[Ubukhosi|Ngobukhosi]] bamanye amazwe, Inkosana ingachaza umbusi welizwe – lokhu kwenziwa [[IYurophu|eYurophu]] ngoba lawo mazwe ewayengaphansi kombuso noma ewayegwema ukusongelwa elinye ilizwe ngokukhombisa impakamo ngokusebenzisa isiqu sika[[Inkosi|Nkosi]], ebone kuncono ukusebenzisa esikaNkosana. Kodwa amanye amazwe asebenzisa esikaNkosana njengesiqu salabo abangamalunga womndeni wasebukhosini. Lesiqu sisetshenziswa [[Indoda|owesilisa]]. Isiqu esiqondene noma esisondelene neseNkosana [[Ubulilisiqu|ngobulili]] yulesi sikaNkosazana. Kwamanye amazwe iNkosana ibuliswa noma kukhulunywa ngayo ngelikaYena oPhezulu (noma oNgaphezulu). lf8cedly23ijjymovwu4h1rbzinpvft 0 36045 131735 2026-10-22T19:04:48Z Fongcwele 16873 Fongcwele moved page [[Inkulumoze]] to [[Imfethezo]] over redirect: Revert 131735 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Imfethezo]] tegz2vqwtfl6farbmhvcqj39792lpmx 0 36046 131736 2026-10-22T21:03:16Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1381128009|Palace]]" 131736 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Isigodlo''' siyindawo lapho kuhlala [[inkosi]] kanye nomndeni wakhe. Leligama lingasetshenziswa ukuchaza iqoqo yezakhiwo noma isakhiwo esisodwa, igceke, kanye nenye impahla eqoqeke ndawonye eneqhaza lokuhlinzeka abasebukhosini noma abesinye isikhundla noma isigaba selizwe indawo yokuhlala nokusebenza [[Ezombusazwe|ukubusa]] leyondawo noma lesosizwe isb., isigodlo sakwaKhangelamankengane, [[kwaNongoma]], [[IKwaZulu-Natali|kwaZulu-Natali]], [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|eNingizimu Afrika]], noma [[Isigodlo saseWestminster]], [[ILondon|eLondon]], [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo|eMbusweni oHlangeneyo]]. Ngokuba amazwe amaningi wayenezinhlaka zokubusa zasebukhosini, amazwe amaningi anezinhlobo zezakhiwo noma iziqoqo zezakhiwo eziwela ngaphansi kwencazelo yesigodlo. Isigodlo sihlukile kwinqaba. Inqaba iyisakhiwo noma zakhiwo ezizungezwe amabonda kanye nezimbhoshongo ngenhloso yokuba indawo lapho kukhandwa futhi kugcinwa izikhali, nokuthi kuhlale amabutho ahlomile ukuhlela nokulindela impi. nw761k73yyq3s4wbtg0tizbtgebnt1d 0 36047 131737 2026-10-22T21:13:30Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1379558521|Fortification]]" 131737 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Inqaba''' iyiqoqo [[Isakhiwo|yezakhiwo]] (isib., amabonda, imibhoshongo njl njl) ephathelene [[Impi|nezempi]] ngenhloso yokuvikela indawo ethile noma ukumisa ukubusa kwelinye ilizwe endaweni ethile ngokuhlinzeka indawo lapho amabutho ahlasela noma avikela lelolizwe akwazi ukuhloma nokuziqoqa kulo. Inqaba ifeza amaqhaza amaningi. Inqaba ingaba yindlunkulu yabakhuzi kanye namabutho wezempi ukuze zihlele impi. Inqaba ingasetshenziswa njengendawo lapho kukhandwa futhi kugcinwa izikhali khona. Inqaba ingaba yindawo lapho amabutho aqeqeshwa futhi ecijwa khona. Inqaba ihlukile kwisigodlo ngoba isigodlo siyindawo lapho kuhlala umbusi wendawo khona. Kungenzeka ukuthi indawo eyodwa ifeze iqhaza lenqaba kanye nesigodlo isib., Isigodlo sakwaBulawayo ngenkathi [[ISilo uShaka kaSenzangakhona|yeSilo uNodumehlezi kaMenzi]]. jf93j7isibp0jgaviaf9k1zi9a4t0sd 0 36048 131738 2026-10-22T21:47:18Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1376714659|Military]]" 131738 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ibutho elihlomile''' liyiqembu lamaqhawe elimiswe ululwela imbango yelizwe noma umbusi othile elihloselwe ukufeza iqhaza lempi kulowomphakathi. Ibutho elihlomile lihlukile nesiphathamandla sokuphoqelela umthetho. Isiphathamandla sokuphoqelela umthetho simiswe ngumbuso lowo ukugcina ukuthula ngaphakathi kwezakhamuzi, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi imithetho yelizwe iyalandelwa. Nakuba isiphathamandla sinezikhali ukuze umbuso lowo ugcine ikhono lodlame elidlula yonke imikhakha namaqembu ezweni, alihlomanga ngezikhali ngendlela ibutho lihlome ngayo. Ibutho elihlomile kufanele likwazi ukuhlula nokuqothula amanye amazwe. Umbuso olungileyo awubhekisi ibutho elihlomile ezakhamizini kepha ezitheni nasembangweni ehlasela ilizwe. [[eNingizimu Afrika]], ibutho elihlomile libizwa [[UMbutho kaZwelonke wezokuVikela waseNingizimu Afrika|Umbutho kaZwelonke wezokuVikela waseNingizimu Afrika]]. Lelibutho lingaphansi kwesandla [[UHulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika|sohulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika]] okhethwe [[Intandoyeningi|ngentandoyeningi]] omiswe [[UMthethosisekelo WaseNingizimu Afrika|ngokomthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika]]. Ibutho elihlomile laseNingizimu Afrika alivumelekile ukuthatha ihlangothi [[Ezombusazwe|kwezombusazwe]] – uphoqelelekile ukuthobela naliphi iqembu lezombusazwe elikhethwe izakhamuzi zelizwe ubusa ilizwe. Kwamanye amazwe kuhlukile ngokuba ibutho elihlomile lethonya elikhulu kwezombusazwe noma linguhulumeni uqobo, isb., [[IGibhithe|eGibhithe]] kanye naseMyanmar. Kwamanye amazwe, ibutho elihlomile linomkhuba okuketula ombuso omiswe izakhamuzi noma obusayo, isb., [[IThailande]]. Amanye amazwe, isb., [[UBumbano wamaSoviyethi|Ubumbano wamaSoviyethi]], awe ngokuba ibutho elihlomile lalizama ukuketula umbuso. Emlandweni wabantu, amabutho ahlomile wayeneqhaza elikhulu ekuqhutshweni kwezinhlekelele eziholele ekubhubhisweni noma ekuqothulweni kwezwe, isb., ukufika kwamaConquistadores (amabutho ahlomile ase[[ISpaniya|Spaniya]]) [[IMelika Wenkaba|eNkaba]] nase[[IMelika Eningizimu|Ningizimu Melika]] kuholele ekutheni iningi elingaphezu kwama-90 ekhulwini wenani labantu abomdabu liphele nya. Amabutho ahlomile akwaze ukuhlinzeka ilizwe elithile ithonya [[Uhwebo|kwezohwebo]] ngokuhloma imikhumbi enamandla ngobuningi nangezikhali ukudlula amazwe amaningi eholele ekutheni lawo mazwe akhe imibuso equkatha izindawo eziningi ezikude ezixhunywe ngolwandle, isb., [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo|Umbuso oHlangeneyo]]. Amanye amazwe agunyaze [[Umshumanqa|imishumanqa]] yangasese ukuthi izisungulele amabutho ahlomile isb., [[Umshumanqa oBumbene waseMpumalanga Ndiya]] [[INedalendi|waseNedalendi]]. Iningi lomlando, ibutho elihlomile laliqoqelwa ukubhekana nempi ethile, kodwa amalunga ayo wayeyizakhamuzi ngokujwayelekile ezaziziphilela njengawonke umuntu. Amazwe nemiphucuko eyahlukene iqale ukumisa amabutho lapho amajoni wayeqashiwe unomphela ukuze aqeqeshiwe, futhi akwazi ukukhula ezigabeni zebutho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Namuhla, iningi lamabutho asemhlabeni lincike emabuthweni wamajoni [[Ubungcweti|wobungcweti]], isb., [[AmaButho aHlomile aseMelika|Amabutho aHlomile aseMelika]]. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuthi impi yesimanje inkimbinkimbi futhi iyingozi ukundlula izimpi zasendulo ngoba izikhali zinamandla andlula zonke izikhali emlandweni wabantu. Namuhla, emhlabeni wonke, ibutho elihlomile [[IMelika|laseMelika]] lenqa wonke amazwe ngenani kanye namandla wezikhali zawo (isb., [[Isikhali senuzi|izikhali zenuzi]]), [[Isithuthi|izithuthi]] nezinhlelo zokuthwala [[impahla]] kanye nabantu nokuhloma inqaba ezweni elithile, ukuqhuba imikhankaso, nokuhlasela amazwe akude kanye nokulwa izimpi [[IZwekazi|emalizwekazini]] amabili noma amathathu kanye kanye. fnpt6y9pvvit80gyihu6vr2biqt7u8c 131739 131738 2026-10-22T21:53:19Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 131739 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:South African troops MONUSCO.jpg|thumb|Amajoni waseNingizimu Afrika kumkhankaso okugcina ukuthula [[IKhongo-Kinshasa|eKhongo-Kinshasa]] ]] '''Ibutho elihlomile''' liyiqembu lamaqhawe elimiswe ululwela imbango yelizwe noma umbusi othile elihloselwe ukufeza iqhaza lempi kulowomphakathi. Ibutho elihlomile lihlukile nesiphathamandla sokuphoqelela umthetho. Isiphathamandla sokuphoqelela umthetho simiswe ngumbuso lowo ukugcina ukuthula ngaphakathi kwezakhamuzi, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi imithetho yelizwe iyalandelwa. Nakuba isiphathamandla sinezikhali ukuze umbuso lowo ugcine ikhono lodlame elidlula yonke imikhakha namaqembu ezweni, alihlomanga ngezikhali ngendlela ibutho lihlome ngayo. Ibutho elihlomile kufanele likwazi ukuhlula nokuqothula amanye amazwe. Umbuso olungileyo awubhekisi ibutho elihlomile ezakhamizini kepha ezitheni nasembangweni ehlasela ilizwe. [[eNingizimu Afrika]], ibutho elihlomile libizwa [[UMbutho kaZwelonke wezokuVikela waseNingizimu Afrika|Umbutho kaZwelonke wezokuVikela waseNingizimu Afrika]]. Lelibutho lingaphansi kwesandla [[UHulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika|sohulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika]] okhethwe [[Intandoyeningi|ngentandoyeningi]] omiswe [[UMthethosisekelo WaseNingizimu Afrika|ngokomthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika]]. Ibutho elihlomile laseNingizimu Afrika alivumelekile ukuthatha ihlangothi [[Ezombusazwe|kwezombusazwe]] – uphoqelelekile ukuthobela naliphi iqembu lezombusazwe elikhethwe izakhamuzi zelizwe ubusa ilizwe. Kwamanye amazwe kuhlukile ngokuba ibutho elihlomile lethonya elikhulu kwezombusazwe noma linguhulumeni uqobo, isb., [[IGibhithe|eGibhithe]] kanye naseMyanmar. Kwamanye amazwe, ibutho elihlomile linomkhuba okuketula ombuso omiswe izakhamuzi noma obusayo, isb., [[IThailande]]. Amanye amazwe, isb., [[UBumbano wamaSoviyethi|Ubumbano wamaSoviyethi]], awe ngokuba ibutho elihlomile lalizama ukuketula umbuso. Emlandweni wabantu, amabutho ahlomile wayeneqhaza elikhulu ekuqhutshweni kwezinhlekelele eziholele ekubhubhisweni noma ekuqothulweni kwezwe, isb., ukufika kwamaConquistadores (amabutho ahlomile ase[[ISpaniya|Spaniya]]) [[IMelika Wenkaba|eNkaba]] nase[[IMelika Eningizimu|Ningizimu Melika]] kuholele ekutheni iningi elingaphezu kwama-90 ekhulwini wenani labantu abomdabu liphele nya. Amabutho ahlomile akwaze ukuhlinzeka ilizwe elithile ithonya [[Uhwebo|kwezohwebo]] ngokuhloma imikhumbi enamandla ngobuningi nangezikhali ukudlula amazwe amaningi eholele ekutheni lawo mazwe akhe imibuso equkatha izindawo eziningi ezikude ezixhunywe ngolwandle, isb., [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo|Umbuso oHlangeneyo]]. Amanye amazwe agunyaze [[Umshumanqa|imishumanqa]] yangasese ukuthi izisungulele amabutho ahlomile isb., [[Umshumanqa oBumbene waseMpumalanga Ndiya]] [[INedalendi|waseNedalendi]]. Iningi lomlando, ibutho elihlomile laliqoqelwa ukubhekana nempi ethile, kodwa amalunga ayo wayeyizakhamuzi ngokujwayelekile ezaziziphilela njengawonke umuntu. Amazwe nemiphucuko eyahlukene iqale ukumisa amabutho lapho amajoni wayeqashiwe unomphela ukuze aqeqeshiwe, futhi akwazi ukukhula ezigabeni zebutho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Namuhla, iningi lamabutho asemhlabeni lincike emabuthweni wamajoni [[Ubungcweti|wobungcweti]], isb., [[AmaButho aHlomile aseMelika|Amabutho aHlomile aseMelika]]. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuthi impi yesimanje inkimbinkimbi futhi iyingozi ukundlula izimpi zasendulo ngoba izikhali zinamandla andlula zonke izikhali emlandweni wabantu. Namuhla, emhlabeni wonke, ibutho elihlomile [[IMelika|laseMelika]] lenqa wonke amazwe ngenani kanye namandla wezikhali zawo (isb., [[Isikhali senuzi|izikhali zenuzi]]), [[Isithuthi|izithuthi]] nezinhlelo zokuthwala [[impahla]] kanye nabantu nokuhloma [[inqaba]] ezweni elithile, ukuqhuba imikhankaso, nokuhlasela amazwe akude kanye nokulwa izimpi [[IZwekazi|emalizwekazini]] amabili noma amathathu kanye kanye. 2ax3j07z4reg5o8sr1gw10mfiwhluee 0 36049 131742 2026-10-22T22:15:45Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Mahlathamnyama moved page [[Isibaya]] to [[Isibaya (uhlelo kamabonakude)]]: Ukwehlukanisa amakhasi ahlukene wezihloko Isibaya 131742 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Isibaya (uhlelo kamabonakude)]] h1kkt0ls2lxa2bfuycelknkf8he2vkr 0 36050 131744 2026-10-22T22:18:31Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1374278704|Kraal]]" 131744 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Kaffir_Kraal_near_Bulawayo.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Isithombe semfanekiso edwetshiwe yesibaya duze neBulawayo ngekhuluminyaka le-19]] hdkxqld1xel55eepg3a263oc4lu751b 131745 131744 2026-10-22T22:18:58Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 /* */ 131745 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Kaffir_Kraal_near_Bulawayo.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Isithombe semfanekiso edwetshiwe yesibaya duze neBulawayo ngekhuluminyaka le-19]] '''Isibaya''' siyindawo ezungezwe ibonda noma esinye isakhiwo ekungandluleki kuso lapho [[izinkomo]] kanye nenye [[imfuyo]] igcinwa khona ukuyivikela kumasela kanye [[Izilwane|nezilwane]] zasendle kanye nokunqanda ukulahleka kwayo. Isibaya sineqhaza elikhulu kwezenhlalahle yabantu abansundu baseNingizimu le-[[IAfrika|Afrika]] ngokuba [[ingcebo]] ekuyimfuyo yalowomuzi yayigcinwa khona. Leliqhaza lingaqhathaniswa nendlela ngokwesimanje [[ibhange]] ilondoloza imfakela yabantu. Ku[[Amanguni|maNguni]], isibaya siyindawo ebalulekilu okubamba umgwamanda, okwenza amasiko, kanye nokuphatha izinhlelo eziqondene nelizwe. Umcimbi wokungena esibayeni sesigodlo sakwaNkonyeni uyindlela okuphelelisa ukungena kwe[[ISilo Samabandla Onke|Silo samaBandla Onke]] esikhundleni saso. Ubumqoka besibaya [[Usiko LwamaZulu|oswikweni lwamazulu]] buvela ekutheni isibaya sasingaphakathi kwomuzi othile, uzungezwe izindlu kanye nezinye izakhiwo. Imiphakathi eyahlukene yayinemibandela eyahlukene mayelana [[Ilungelomvume (kwezomthetho)|ilungelomvumo]] lokungenwa esibayeni, isb., [[Owesifazane|abesifazane]] bebangangeni nakanjani na kweminye imiphakathi ngenxa yosiko noma inkolo yabo. Isibaya siyisibonela esiqhakanjisiwe [[Ifagugu lesiko|sefagugu lesiko]] [[INingizimu Afrika|laseNingizimu Afrika]] – ikakhulu [[Abantu Bomdabu baseNingizimu Afrika|ebantwini bomdabu]]. Isibaya sibaluleke kangangokuthi kunezaga bezisho ezimilile ezibandakanya isibaya, isb., ngolimi [[IsiTswana|lwesiTswana]] kunesisho "''Dikgomo dibuyela sakeng''" (isihumusho ngolimi lwesiZulu: "Izinkomo zibuyela esibayeni") esichaza umkhuba okuba abomzala baganane ukugcina ingcebo kulowomndeni. gm3ivnuhn7iqa3b3z08xeq394vubh0s 0 36051 131746 2026-10-22T22:37:23Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1381094556|Chicken]]" 131746 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Inkukhu''' (iningi: izinkukhu, ngokwohlelomagama weziphili: ''Gallus gallus domesticus'') iyinhlobo [[Inyoni|yenyoni]] [[Imfuyo|efuyiwe]] enobumdabu bayo eNingizimu Mpumalanga [[I-Eshiya|Eshiya]]. Inkukhu ifuyiwe kusukela iminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziyisiahiyagalombili ezendlule. Inkukhu iyinhlobo efuyiwe yeNyoni yaseHlathini eBomvu. Inkukhu ifuyelwe amaqanda kanye nenyama yayo. Endimeni, inkukhu ineqhaza lokudla izinambuzane ezibulala [[izitshalo]]. Ezinye izinkukhu zigcinwa okwesilwane esithandiweyo nokuqeda isizungu. Iqhude iyisilisa salenyoni bese iqhudekazi iyinsekazi yalenyoni. Itshwele iyingane yalenyoni. Izinkukhu azivamanga ukundiza. Uma zindiza, zindiza ubude obumfushane kuthi ngokungasheshi. Ngenani yezigidigidi ezingama-30, inkukhu indlula zonke izinyoni kanye nezilwane ezinegazi elifudumele emhlabeni wonke. kaah28juyk3wuhfzuffviue8pp38m4d 0 36052 131748 2026-10-22T22:39:40Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Mahlathamnyama moved page [[Izingane]] to [[Amalungelo wezingane]]: Ukwehlukanisa nekhasi eliphathelene nezingane uqobo 131748 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Amalungelo wezingane]] okapq39zcsferrkixcby4qjwxopnsi4 131754 131748 2026-10-23T02:35:46Z Fongcwele 16873 /* */ 131754 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Ingane]] 57l5v6dsbfnhe28xycv9jp7dgvzhelq 0 36053 131750 2026-10-22T22:42:58Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Redirected page to [[Inkukhu]] 131750 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Inkukhu]] 9bju5zpnecgtm68ly2pl7893wfzxtgb 0 36054 131752 2026-10-22T23:15:26Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1380693576|Legislature]]" 131752 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:London_Parlament-20090730-RM-110352.jpg|thumb|[[Isigodlo saseWestminster]], lapho isishayamthetho [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo|soMbuso oHlangeneyo]] ([[IPhalamende yoMbuso oHlangeneyo]]) sihlangana khona.]] '''Isishayamthetho''' singumgwamanda okhethekile okushaya [[umthetho]] ezweni elithile. Isishayamthetho singumzimba wezombusazwe omqoka emazweni amaningi. Sivame ukuqukatha igatsha likahulumeni elilodwa. Ngesinye isikhathi isishayamthetho sidinga imvumo yenhloko yezwe ukuthi imithetho yayo iphoqeleleke (isb., [[iPhalamende laseNingizimu Afrika]] lidinga imvumo ka[[Umongameli waseNingizimu Afrika|Mongameli waseNingizimu Afrika]]). Ngesinye isikhathi imithetho eshayiwe yisishayamthetho ingahlehliswa uma [[Inkantolo|inkantolo yobulungiswa]] ithola ukuthi umthetho oshayiwe awuhambelani nomthethosisekelo. Izishayamthetho zamazwe ewayengaphansi ko[[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo|Mbuso oHlangeneyo]] abiza imithetho yesishayamthetho [[Isenzo sePhalamende|iSenzo sePhalamende]]. Kwamanye amazwe, isishayamthetho asihlali unomphela kepha sidlulisa amandla okhandlwini omncane (isb., Umgwamanda kaZwelonke weZakhamuzi zaseShayina [[IShayina|eShayina]]). Isishayamthetho singabanamandla amakhulu kwezombusazwe (isb., [[Bundestag|iBundestag]] [[IJalimani|eJalimani]]) noma asinawo amandla isib., isishayamthetho saseNyakatho Koriya.<templatestyles src="Module:IPA/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{IPA-cen|UK|ˈ|l|ɛ|dʒ|ɪ|s|l|ə|tʃ|ə|r}}, {{IPA-cen|US|-|ˌ|l|eɪ|tʃ|ə|r}})<ref>{{cite LPD|3}}<cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFWells2008" data-ve-ignore="">[[John C. Wells|Wells, John C.]] (2008). ''Longman Pronunciation Dictionary'' (3rd&nbsp;ed.). Harlow: Pearson Education. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-1-4058-8118-0|<bdi>978-1-4058-8118-0</bdi>]].</cite></ref><ref>{{cite EPD|18}}<cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1" id="CITEREFJones2011" data-ve-ignore="">[[Daniel Jones (phonetician)|Jones, Daniel]] (2011). [[Peter Roach (phonetician)|Roach, Peter]]; [[Jane Setter|Setter, Jane]]; [[John Esling|Esling, John]] (eds.). ''[[English Pronouncing Dictionary|Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary]]'' (18th&nbsp;ed.). Cambridge University Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-521-15255-6|<bdi>978-0-521-15255-6</bdi>]].</cite></ref> is a [[deliberative assembly]] that holds the [[Authority|legal authority]] to make [[law]] and exercise political oversight within a [[Polity|political entity]] such as a [[Sovereign state|state]], [[nation]], or [[city]]. Legislatures are among the principal institutions of state, typically contrasted with the [[Executive (government)|executive]] and [[Judiciary|judicial institutions]]. They may exist at different levels of governance—national, subnational (state, provincial, or regional), local, or supranational—such as the [[European Parliament]]. 0mgikaxnxnuwy37pd9tkyly2fh082wp 131753 131752 2026-10-22T23:16:19Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 /* */ 131753 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:London_Parlament-20090730-RM-110352.jpg|thumb|[[Isigodlo saseWestminster]], lapho isishayamthetho [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo|soMbuso oHlangeneyo]] ([[IPhalamende yoMbuso oHlangeneyo]]) sihlangana khona.]] '''Isishayamthetho''' singumgwamanda okhethekile okushaya [[umthetho]] ezweni elithile. Isishayamthetho singumzimba wezombusazwe omqoka emazweni amaningi. Sivame ukuqukatha igatsha likahulumeni elilodwa. Ngesinye isikhathi isishayamthetho sidinga imvumo yenhloko yezwe ukuthi imithetho yayo iphoqeleleke (isb., [[iPhalamende laseNingizimu Afrika]] lidinga imvumo ka[[Umongameli waseNingizimu Afrika|Mongameli waseNingizimu Afrika]]). Ngesinye isikhathi imithetho eshayiwe yisishayamthetho ingahlehliswa uma [[Inkantolo|inkantolo yobulungiswa]] ithola ukuthi umthetho oshayiwe awuhambelani nomthethosisekelo. Izishayamthetho zamazwe ewayengaphansi ko[[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo|Mbuso oHlangeneyo]] abiza imithetho yesishayamthetho [[Isenzo sePhalamende|iSenzo sePhalamende]]. Kwamanye amazwe, isishayamthetho asihlali unomphela kepha sidlulisa amandla okhandlwini omncane (isb., Umgwamanda kaZwelonke weZakhamuzi zaseShayina [[IShayina|eShayina]]). Isishayamthetho singabanamandla amakhulu kwezombusazwe (isb., [[Bundestag|iBundestag]] [[IJalimani|eJalimani]]) noma asinawo amandla isib., isishayamthetho saseNyakatho Koriya. dvgdqdil6gmg5lbjxfxhhqnsdz58g8i 0 36055 131755 2026-10-23T02:49:28Z Fongcwele 16873 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1378638202|Friendship]]" 131755 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Best_friends_(1934),_by_Romualdo_Locatelli.jpg|thumb|Abangani Abahle Kakhulu, umfanekiso kaRomualdo Locatelli (1934) ]] '''Ubungani''' buwubuhlobo bokuzwana phakathi kwabantu.<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionaries|publisher=Oxford Dictionary Press|title=Definition for friend|url=http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/friend|access-date=25 May 2012}}</ref> Uhlobo lwesibopho esiqinile sabantu esedlula "ukwejwayelana" noma "ukuyamaniswa", okufana nokufunda egumbini linye, ukuba omakhelwane, ukusebenza ndawonye, noma ukuba osebenza naye. Nakuba kunezinhlobo eziningi zobungani, izici ezithile zivamile ezibophweni eziningi ezinjalo, njengokukhetha ukuba nomunye nomunye, ukujabulela isikhathi esichithwa ndawonye, nokukwazi ukuhlanganyela endimeni enhle futhi esekela omunye nomunye.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Howes |first=Carollee |year=1983 |title=Patterns of Friendship |journal=Child Development |volume=54 |issue=4 |pages=1041–1053 |doi=10.2307/1129908 |issn=0009-3920 |jstor=1129908}}</ref> Ngezinye izikhathi abangani bahlukaniswa umndeni, njengasenkulumweni ethi "abangani nomndeni", futhi akuzona izithandani, yize umugqa ungaqondakali nnjrnoba sekunabangani abanezinzuzo (bheka futhi Uthando olungabuyiselwa). 1utqbmdalin58sm3gmpxq3gxsenagkb 0 36056 131758 2026-10-23T03:13:46Z Fongcwele 16873 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1381074565|Family]]" 131758 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Sauk_Indian_family_by_Frank_Rinehart_1899.jpg|right|thumb|Umndeni wakwaSauk uthwetshulwe nguFrank Rinehart ngowe-1899]] '''Umndeni''' yiqembu labantu abahlobene ngegazi (ngokuzalwa ) noma ukuhlobana (ngomshado noma obunye ubuhlobo). Wakha isisekelo sokuhleleka kwezenhlalo .<ref name="Brown Brown 2014 pp. 2194–2201">{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=Roy I. |year=2014 |title=Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research |last2=Brown |first2=Ivan |publisher=Springer Netherlands |isbn=978-94-007-0752-8 |publication-place=Dordrecht |pages=2194–2201 |chapter=Family Quality of Life |doi=10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_1006 |quote=family is recognized in cultures around the world and across history as a fundamental unit of social order.}}</ref> Ngokufanele, imindeni ihlinzeka ngokubikezeleka, uhlaka, nokuphepha njengoba amalungu ekhula futhi efunda ukuhlanganyela [[Umphakathi|emphakathini]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Donald Collins |year=2010 |title=An Introduction to Family Social Work |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SLQyPwAACAAJ |last2=Catheleen Jordan |last3=Heather Coleman |publisher=Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning |isbn=978-0-495-80872-5 |pages=28–29 |access-date=2019-08-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731081508/https://books.google.com/books?id=SLQyPwAACAAJ |archive-date=2020-07-31 |url-status=live}}</ref> Ngokomlando, imiphakathi eminingi yabantu isebenzisa umndeni njengenhloso eyinhloko yokunamathelana, ukunakekelana, nokudlelana nabanye .<ref name="Manzi Brambilla 2014 pp. 2167–2168">{{Cite book |last=Manzi |first=Claudia |year=2014 |title=Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research |last2=Brambilla |first2=Maria |publisher=Springer Netherlands |isbn=978-94-007-0752-8 |publication-place=Dordrecht |pages=2167–2168 |chapter=Family Connectedness |doi=10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_998 |quote=Family connectedness is defined as a particular characteristic of the family bond, also referred as family or parental closeness, support, warmth, or responsiveness. This characteristic of the family can be observed when families maintain emotional connections with each other through encouragement of shared family celebrations, family rituals, and family traditions.}}</ref><ref name="de Jong Reis 2016 pp. 25–32">{{Cite book |last=de Jong |first=D.C. |year=2016 |title=Encyclopedia of Mental Health |last2=Reis |first2=H.T. |publisher=Elsevier |isbn=978-0-12-397753-3 |pages=25–32 |chapter=Love and Intimacy |doi=10.1016/b978-0-12-397045-9.00107-5 |quote=Central to intimacy is responsiveness, the process by which relationship partners attend to and respond supportively to each other's wishes, needs, and concerns. Responsive interactions begin when one person discloses a core aspect of his or her self.}}</ref> Izazi zomchazaluntu zihlukanisa ukuhleleka okuningi kwemindeni njengokuhlozunina (matrifocal :umama nezingane zakhe), okuhlozubaba (patrifocal: ubaba nezingane zakhe) [[wiktionary:conjugal|womshado]] (umbhangqwana oshadile onezingane, obizwa nangokuthi umndeni oyisisekelo), I-avuncular (indoda, udadewabo, nezingane zakhe) noma owandisiwe (ngaphezu kwAbazali, umlingani nezingane, kungahlanganisa [[Umkhulu noGogo|ogogo nomkhulu]], omalume, noma abazala). Umkhakha womchazalikhwa uhlose ukulandelela Uhlu lozalo lomndeni ngomlando. Umndeni futhi uyingxenye ebalulekile yezomnotho efundwa kwezomnotho womndeni. Igama elithi "imindeni" lingasetshenziswa ngokufanekisa ukudala izigaba ezihlanganisayo kakhulu zomphakathi, [[Isizwe|ubuzwe]], kanye nomuzi womhlaba wonke. fhf7swpxthv350ykhfszwinlpedk7h0 0 36057 131760 2026-10-23T10:26:07Z Fongcwele 16873 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1378434268|16 Days of Activism against Gender-based Violence]]" 131760 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:16_Days_of_Activism_campaign_-_Solomon_Islands_(14038247499).jpg|thumb|Abesifazane abavela emphakathini we-Lord House Settlement babhikisha embukisweni wokuvula wezinsuku ezili-16 zokulwa nodlame olungokobulili. Isithombe: UN Women/Marni Gilbert]] Izinsuku ezili-16 zokulwisana nodlame lobulili umkhankaso wamazwe omhlaba ofuna ukuqwashisa ngenhlekelele yomhlaba wonke [[Udlame olubhekiswe kwabesifazane|yodlame olubhekiswe kwabesifazane]] namantombazane (VAWG).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=16 Days of Activism|url=https://www.womankind.org.uk/16-days-of-activism/#:~:text=More%20than%206%2C000%20organisations%20from,Women%27s%20Global%20Leadership%20%28CWGL%29.}}</ref> Lo mkhankaso uqhubeka minyaka yonke kusukela zingama-25 November, okunguSuku Lamazwe Omhlaba Lokuqeda Udlame olubhekiswe Kwabesifazane, kuya zili-10 December, Usuku Lwamalungelo Abantu.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=16 Days of Activism against Gender-Based Violence|url=https://www.who.int/campaigns/16-days-of-activism-against-gender-based-violence/2025}}</ref> Lo mkhankaso wasungulwa ngokusemthethweni ngowe-1991 ngabasekeli abahambele i-Women's Global Leadership Institute (WGLI) yokuqala, eyayiphethwe yi-Center for Women's Global Le Leadership (CWGL),<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=16 Days of Activism against gender-based violence: OHCHR and women's human rights and gender equality|url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/women/16-days-activism-against-gender-based-violence}}</ref> eNyuvesi yaseRutgers<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Center for Women's Global Leadership|url=https://cwgl.rutgers.edu/}}</ref> eNew Jersey. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwayo ngo-1991, izinhlangano ezingaphezu kwezi-6.000 ezivela emazweni acishe abe i-190 ziye zafaka isandla ngokuqondile emkhankasweno wokulwa nodlame.<ref name=":0" /> == Umsuka walemkhankaso == === Umongo ongokomlando === I-Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women ka-1993 eyamukelwa yi-United Nations (UN) General Assembly ichaza ubudlova obenziwa kwabesifazane (VAW) "njenganoma yisiphi isenzo sobudlova obusekelwe ebulilini (GBV) esiholela, noma esingaholela, ekulimaleni ngokomzimba, ngokobulili noma ngokwengqondo noma ekuhluphekeni kwabesifazane"<ref>{{Cite web|title=Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women|url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/declaration-elimination-violence-against-women}}</ref>I-GBV kulokhu "noma yisiphi isenzo esiyingozi esisekelwe ekuhlukaneni okubhekwa emphakathini (obulili) phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane"<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gender-based Violence|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK305160/}}</ref>Isibonelo esiphawulekayo salokhu ukubulawa kwabesifazane, okuchazwa yI-European Institute for Gender Equality ngokuthi "ukubulawa kowesifazane noma intombazane ngenxa yobulili bakhe kuphela"<ref>{{Cite web|title=Femicide|url=https://eige.europa.eu/gender-based-violence/femicide?language_content_entity=en}}</ref> [[Category:Udlame oluhlobene nobulili]] fwfep32iv1etnqm4zjgxmauyzwj77ok 0 36058 131762 2026-10-23T10:37:38Z Fongcwele 16873 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1381487528|Disability]]" 131762 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Ukukhubazeka''' kuyisimompilo esingaba nzima kakhulu kumuntu ukwenza imisebenzi ethile noma abe nokufikelelo ngokulinganayo emphakathini othile.<ref>{{Cite web|date=April 3, 2024|title=Disability and Health Overview|url=https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilityandhealth/disability.html|accessdate=April 24, 2024|website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|language=en-us}}</ref> Ukukhubazeka kungaba okokuqonda, ukukhula, ukulumuka, okungokwengqondo, okungokomzimba, okungokomzwelo, noma inhlanganisela yezici eziningi. Ukukhubazeka kungaba khona kusukela ekuzalweni noma kungavela ngesikhathi sokuphila komuntu. Ngokomlando, ukukhubazeka kuye kwaqashelwa kuphela ngokusekelwe esimisweni esincane sezimpawu - nokho, ukukhubazwa akuyona into elubhanqa futhi kungavela ngokuhlukile kuye ngomuntu ngamunye.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last=Francis |first=L |last2=Silvers |first2=A |date=October 2016 |title=Perspectives on the Meaning of 'Disability' |journal=AMA Journal of Ethics |volume=18 |issue=10 |pages=1025–1033 |doi=10.1001/journalofethics.2016.18.10.pfor2-1610 |pmid=27780027 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ukukhubazeka kungaba okubonakala kalula, noma kungabonakali ngokwemvelo. I-United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities ichaza ukukhubazeka ngokuthi kufaka phakathi:   [[Category:Ukukhubazeka]] i6h9cwdpri4f3w4chvgo3y0x8xdz5qs 0 36059 131763 2026-10-23T10:51:36Z Fongcwele 16873 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1380150642|Disability rights movement]]" 131763 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Trago_a_revolução_no_corpo.jpg|thumb|Ababhikishi embhikishweni wamalungelo abantu abakhubazekile]] '''Umbuthano wamalungelo okukhubazeka''' umbuthano wezenhlalo wembulunga yonke, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Groce |first=Nora Ellen |date=July 1, 2018 |title=Global disability: an emerging issue |journal=The Lancet Global Health |volume=6 |issue=7 |pages=e724–e725 |doi=10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30265-1 |pmid=29903370 |s2cid=49208126 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=27 December 2012|title=International Disability Rights|url=https://dredf.org/legal-advocacy/international-disability-rights/|accessdate=18 October 2017|website=Disability Rights Education & Defense Fund|location=Berkeley CA, & Washington DC}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news |last=Bell |first=Beverly |date=5 August 2014 |title=The Global Disability Rights Movement: Winning Power, Participation, and Access |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/beverly-bell/the-global-disability-rig_b_5651235.html |access-date=18 October 2017 |work=Huffington Post}}</ref> efuna ukuqinisekisa amathuba alinganayo namalungelo alinganayo kubo bonke abantu abakhubazekile. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Scotch |first=Richard |date=2023 |title=The Oxford Handbook of the Sociology of Disability |url=https://academic.oup.com/edited-volume/37079/chapter-abstract/323168551 |last2=Sutton |first2=Kara |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=9780190093167 |location=New York |pages=790–806 |chapter=The Disability Rights Movement |doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190093167.013.44}}</ref> Yakhiwa yizinhlangano '''zabakhulumela ukukhubazeka''', ezaziwa nangokuthi abasekeli bokukhubazekile, emhlabeni wonke abasebenza ndawonye ngemigomo nezidingo ezifanayo, njengokufinyeleleka [[ukuphepha]] kwezakhiwo, ezokuthutha, kanye nendawo ezungezile; Amathuba alinganayo ekuzimiseleni, ukulingana komsebenzi, imfundo, izindlu; kanye nenkululeko ekubandlululweni, ukuxhashazwa, ukunganaki, nakwezinye ukwephula amalungelo.<ref name="disabilityrightswi.org">{{Cite web|last=Karan, Joan|title=Abuse, Neglect and Patient Rights by the Disability Rights Wisconsin website|url=http://www.disabilityrightswi.org/priority-issues/abuse-neglect-and-patient-rights|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118042703/http://www.disabilityrightswi.org/resources/abuse-neglect/|archive-date=18 November 2018|accessdate=6 October 2014|website=Disability Rights Wisconsin}}</ref> Abashisekeli abakhubazekile basebenzela ukwephula izithiyo zezikhungo, ezingokomzimba, nezomphakathi ezivimbela abantu abakhubazekile ukuba baphile ukuphila kwabo njengezinye izakhamuzi.<ref name="disabilityrightswi.org" /><ref name="Law">{{Cite book |last=Bagenstos |first=Samuel |year=2009 |title=Law and the Contradictions of the Disability Rights Movement |url=https://archive.org/details/lawcontradiction0000bage |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-12449-1 |location=New Haven |doi=10.12987/yale/9780300124491.001.0001 |jstor=j.ctt1npkj3 |oclc=871782238}}</ref> Amalungelo okukhubazeka ayinkimbinkimbi ngoba kunezindlela eziningi lapho umuntu okhubazekile engaphucwa khona amalungelo akhe ezimweni ezahlukahlukene zezenhlalo, ezombusazwe, nezomthetho. Ngokwesibonelo, isithiyo esivamile abantu abakhubazekile ababhekene naso umsebenzi. Ngokuqondile, abaqashi bavame ukungazimisele noma abakwazi ukunikeza izindawo zokulala ezidingekayo ukuze abantu abakhubazekile bakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yabo ngokuphumelelayo.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Long |first=Alex |date=2014 |title=Reasonable Accommodation as Professional Responsibility, Reasonable Accommodation as Professionalism |url=https://lawreview.law.ucdavis.edu/issues/47/5/Articles/47-5_Long.pdf |journal=University of California, Davis |pages=3–10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141023030258/https://lawreview.law.ucdavis.edu/issues/47/5/Articles/47-5_Long.pdf |archive-date=23 October 2014 |quote=47 U.C.D. L. Rev. 1753 (2013-2014)}}</ref> [[Category:Ukukhubazeka]] [[Category:Amalungelo]] 8h7cax0vi9sa27wpbgbd6o0w6qymuvj