پرچم افغانستان

از ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد.

پرچم افغانستان
پرچم افغانستان

پرچم افغانستان از عناصر زیر تشکیل شده است

3 قطعه نوار عمودی به رنگ های سیاه سرخ و سبز که به ترتیب از چپ به راست در کنار هم قرار گرفته است در وسط پرچم نشان دولتی افغانستان قرار دارد که متشکل از مسجد محراب و منبر کلمه الله اکبر و لا اله الا الله میباشد

رنگ های این پرچم اولین بار توسط شاه امان الله خان (پدر افغانستان نوین) در لویه جرگه سال 1328 پیشنهاد داده شد.غازی امان الله خان رنگها را اینگونه تعبیر کرد.سیاه به معنا دوره ای که افغانستان تحت استعمار بوده است سرخ نماد خون شهیدانی است که برای بدست آوردن استقلال افغانستان از جان خود گذشته اند و سبز نماد آبادی و پیشرفتی است که در آینده نصیب افغانستان خواهد گردید.

تا قبل از آن تاریخ پرچم های افغانستان به رنگ سیاه بود و سابقه پرچم سیاه رنگ بر میگردد به قیام بزرگمرد خراسان ابومسلم خراسانی که پرچمی سیاه را برای خود برگزیده بود.


[ویرایش] پرچم‌های تاریخی افغانستان

افغانستان در گذشته از پرچم‌های دیگری نیز استفاده کرده‌است. در زیر پرچم‌های به‌کاررفته برای افغانستان از حدود سال ۱۸۸۰ میلادی تا کنون آورده شده‌است:

سال‌های استفاده پرچم تناسب اندازه حکومت توضیح
1880-1901 نامعلوم امارت افغانستان پرچم حکومت عبدالرحمن‌خان.
1901-1919 3:5 امارت افغانستان Flag flown under the rule of Habibullah Khan. Habibullah added to his father’s flag a seal that is the precursor of the modern-day seal.
1919-1928 2:3 امارت/پادشاهی افغانستان First flag flown under the rule of Amanullah Khan/Shah. He expanded upon his father’s flag by adding rays emanating from the seal in the form of an octogram. This new style of seal was common in the Ottoman Empire. Afghanistan became a kingdom in 1926.
1928 Image:Afghanistan Flag 1928.jpg Unknown پادشاهی افغانستان Second flag flown under the rule of Amanullah Shah. He removed the octogram then enlarged and slightly modified the national seal.
1928-1929 2:3 پادشاهی افغانستان Third flag flown under the rule of Amanullah Shah. The black, red, and green tricolor, respectively representing the past (previous flags), the bloodshed for independence (Third Anglo-Afghan War), and hope for the future, was probably influenced by Khan’s visit abroad to Europe in 1927. The new seal shows the sun rising over two snow-capped mountains, representing a new beginning for the kingdom.
1929 نامعلوم پادشاهی افغانستان Flag flown under the rule of Habibullah Kalakani or Habibullah Khan, formerly known as Bacha-i-Saqao. The red, black, and white tricolor was the same flag that was used when modern-day Afghanistan was under Mongol occupation in the 13th Century.
1929-1930 2:3 پادشاهی افغانستان First flag flown under the rule of Mohammed Nadir Shah. The black, red, and green tricolor was re-established; the octogram seal borrowed from the first flag of Amanullah Shah replaced the sun and mountains seal.
1930-1973 2:3 پادشاهی افغانستان Second flag flown under the rule of Mohammed Nadir Shah, it was also used by his son, Mohammed Zahir Shah. The black, red, and green tricolor were retained. The octogram rays were removed, and the seal enlarged. In between the mosque and the seal is the year ١٣٤٨ (1348 of the lunar Islamic calendar, or 1929 AD of the Gregorian calendar) the year Mohammed Nadir Shah’s dynasty began.
1973-1974 2:3 جمهوری افغانستان First flag flown for the Republic of Afghanistan. It is identical to the previous flag, except with the year ١٣٤٨ was removed.
1974-1978 2:3 جمهوری افغانستان Second flag flown for the Republic of Afghanistan. The same colors were used, but the meanings reinterpreted: black for the obscure past, red for blood shed for independence, and green for prosperity from agriculture. In the canton is a new seal, with an eagle with spread wings, a pulpit on the eagle’s chest (for a mosque), wheat surrounding the eagle, and the sun’s rays above the eagle (for the new republic).
1978 2:3 جمهوری دموکراتیک افغانستان When the leader of the republic was killed in a coup, the new regime established a communist government. The same flag design was kept, sans seal.
1978-1980 1:2 جمهوری دموکراتیک افغانستان This flag used a red field with a yellow seal in the canton, a common design for communist regimes. The wreath of wheat remained, but a star was added at top (representing the five ethnic groups of the nation) and the word 'Khalq' in Arabic script (meaning people) in the center. The flag was also the flag of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan's Khalq faction
1980-1987 1:2 جمهوری دموکراتیک افغانستان After the overthrow of the Khalq faction by the Parcham faction (lead by Babrak Karmal), the flag was changed. The new leadership re-established the black, red, and green tricolor, representing the past, blood shed for independence, and the Islamic faith, respectively. A new seal was designed, with a rising sun (a reference to the former name, Khorasan, meaning "Land of the Rising Sun"), a pulpit and the Qur'an for Islam, ribbons with the national colors, a cogwheel for industry, and a red star for communism.
1987-1992 تصویر:Flag of Afghanistan 1987.png 1:2 جمهوری افغانستان Same as the previous flag, except that in the national seal, the cogwheel is moved from the top to the bottom, the red star and the book are removed, and the green field curved to resemble the horizon.
1992 تصویر:Afghanistan Flag 1990 to 1991.jpg 1:2 جمهوری افغانستان This flag was used as a provisional flag after the fall of the pro-Soviet regime. It appeared in many variants of which one is shown here. In the upper stripe is Arabic Allahu Akbar, (“God is great”); the center stripe contains the Shahadah.
1992-1996 1:2 دولت اسلامی افغانستان The black and green stripes are switched from the previous flag. Also, the Shahadah is replaced with another logo.
1996-1997 نامعلوم امارت اسلامی افغانستان پرچم سفید یکدست طالبان
1997-2001 2:3 امارت اسلامی افغانستان بر روی پرچم سفید عبارت تشهید نوشته شد.
2001 نامعلوم جنگ Various flags were flown by the different factions during the 2001 war in Afghanistan, including the designs of 1992, 1973 and versions of these without emblems.
2002-2004 1:2 امارت اسلامی افغانستان Existed in two versions, one with white and one with golden emblem (latter shown here.)