Torque

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Torque applied via an adjustable end wrench
Torque applied via an adjustable end wrench
Relationship between force, torque, and momentum vectors in a rotating system
Relationship between force, torque, and momentum vectors in a rotating system

The most basic definition of Torque in physics is a turning or twisting force. If a force is used to begin to spin an object, or to stop an object from spinning, a torque is generated. The force applied to a lever, multiplied by the distance from the lever's fulcrum is decsribed as torque.

Fulcrum - is the axis of rotation or point of support on which a lever turns in raising or moving something.


The equation for torque is:

τ = r x F

where, F is the force vector, and r is the vector from the axis of rotation to the point where the force is acting.

Note: The SI units of torque are measured in Newton-metres or N*m. The Joule is also defined to be 1 N*m, but for torque Joules are not used since energy is a scalar quantity and torque is a vector quantity. The correct English units are foot-pounds (ft-lbs).

Scalar - quantities with magnitudes. Vector - quantities with magnitudes and direction.


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