В резутаті утворилася система відображення міжнародного фонетичного алфавіту за допомогою семибітових кодів ASCII.
настільки, що не має з ним нічого спільного.
XS |
IPA |
IPA |
Description |
Examples |
a |
a |
 |
open front unrounded vowel |
French dame [dam], Spanish padre ["paD4e] |
b |
b |
 |
voiced bilabial plosive |
English bed [bEd], French bon [bO~] |
b_< |
ɓ |
 |
voiced bilabial implosive |
Sindhi ɓarʊ [b_<arU] |
c |
c |
 |
voiceless palatal plosive |
Hungarian latyak ["lAcAk] |
d |
d |
 |
voiced alveolar plosive |
English dig [dIg], French doigt [dwa] |
d` |
ɖ |
 |
voiced retroflex plosive |
Swedish hord [hu:d`] |
d_< |
ɗ |
 |
voiced alveolar implosive |
Sindhi ɗarʊ [d_<arU] |
e |
e |
 |
close-mid front unrounded vowel |
French ses [se] |
f |
f |
 |
voiceless labiodental fricative |
English five [faIv], French femme [fam] |
g |
ɡ |
 |
voiced velar plosive |
English game [geIm], French longue [lO~g] |
g_< |
ɠ |
 |
voiced velar implosive |
Sindhi ɠəro [g_<@ro] |
h |
h |
 |
voiceless glottal fricative |
English house [haUs] |
h\ |
ɦ |
 |
voiced glottal fricative |
Czech hrad [h\rat] |
i |
i |
 |
close front unrounded vowel |
English be [bi:], French oui [wi], Spanish si [si] |
j |
j |
 |
palatal approximant |
English yes [jEs], French yeux [j2] |
j\ |
ʝ |
 |
voiced palatal fricative |
Greek γειά [j\a] |
k |
k |
 |
voiceless velar plosive |
English scat [sk{t], Spanish carro ["kar:o] |
l |
l |
 |
alveolar lateral approximant |
English lay [leI], French mal [mal] |
l` |
ɭ |
 |
retroflex lateral approximant |
Svealand Swedish sorl [so:l`] |
l\ |
ɺ |
 |
alveolar lateral flap |
Japanese phoneme /r/ |
m |
m |
 |
bilabial nasal |
English mouse [maUs], French homme [Om] |
n |
n |
 |
alveolar nasal |
English nap [n{p], French non [nO~] |
n` |
ɳ |
 |
retroflex nasal |
Swedish hörn [h2:n`] |
o |
o |
 |
close-mid back rounded vowel |
French gros [gRo] |
p |
p |
 |
voiceless bilabial plosive |
English speak [spik], French pose [poz], Spanish perro ["per:o] |
p\ |
ɸ |
 |
voiceless bilabial fricative |
Japanese fuku [p\M_0kM] |
q |
q |
 |
voiceless uvular plosive |
Arabic qasbah ["qQs_Gba] |
r |
r |
 |
alveolar trill |
Spanish perro ["per:o] |
r` |
ɽ |
 |
retroflex flap |
|
r\ |
ɹ |
 |
alveolar approximant |
English red [r\Ed] |
r\` |
ɻ |
 |
retroflex approximant |
Malayalam വഴി ["v6r\`i] |
s |
s |
 |
voiceless alveolar fricative |
English seem [si:m], French session [se"sjO~] |
s` |
ʂ |
 |
voiceless retroflex fricative |
Swedish mars [mas`] |
s\ |
ɕ |
 |
voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative |
Polish świerszcz [s\v'erStS] |
t |
t |
 |
voiceless alveolar plosive |
English stew [stju:], French raté [Ra"te], Spanish tuyo ["tujo] |
t` |
ʈ |
 |
voiceless retroflex plosive |
Swedish mört [m2t`] |
u |
u |
 |
close back rounded vowel |
English boom [bu:m], Spanish su [su] |
v |
v |
 |
voiced labiodental fricative |
English vest [vEst], French voix [vwa] |
v\ (or P) |
ʋ |
 |
labiodental approximant |
Dutch west [v\Est]/[PEst] |
w |
w |
 |
labial-velar approximant |
English west [wEst], French oui [wi] |
x |
x |
 |
voiceless velar fricative |
Scots loch [lQx] |
x\ |
ɧ |
 |
voiceless palatal-velar fricative |
Swedish sjal [x\A:l] |
y |
y |
 |
close front rounded vowel |
French tu [ty] German über ["y:b6] |
z |
z |
 |
voiced alveolar fricative |
English zoo [zu:], French azote [a"zOt] |
z` |
ʐ |
 |
voiced retroflex fricative |
Mandarin Chinese rang [z`aN] |
z\ |
ʑ |
 |
voiced alveolo-palatal fricative |
Polish źrebak ["z\rEbak] |
XS |
IPA |
IPA |
Description |
Example |
A |
ɑ |
 |
open back unrounded vowel |
English father ["fA:D@(r\)] (RP and Gen.Am.) |
B |
β |
 |
voiced bilabial fricative |
Spanish lavar [la"Ba4] |
B\ |
ʙ |
 |
bilabial trill |
Reminiscent of shivering ("brrr") |
C |
ç |
 |
voiceless palatal fricative |
German ich [IC], English human ["Cjum@n] (broad transcription uses [hj-]) |
D |
ð |
 |
voiced dental fricative |
English then [DEn] |
E |
ɛ |
 |
open-mid front unrounded vowel |
French même [mEm], English met [mEt] |
F |
ɱ |
 |
labiodental nasal |
English emphasis ["EFf@sIs] (spoken quickly, otherwise uses [Emf-]) |
G |
ɣ |
 |
voiced velar fricative |
Greek γωνία [Go"nia], Danish vælge ["vElG@] |
G\ |
ɢ |
 |
voiced uvular plosive |
Inuktitut nirivvik [niG\ivvik] |
G\_< |
ʛ |
 |
voiced uvular implosive |
Mam ʛa [G\_<a] |
H |
ɥ |
 |
labial-palatal approximant |
French huit [Hi] |
H\ |
ʜ |
 |
voiceless epiglottal fricative |
|
I |
ɪ |
 |
near-close near-front unrounded vowel |
English kit [kIt] |
I\ |
Ɨ |
 |
central lax close unrounded vowel, not in IPA |
Polish ryba [rI\bA] |
J |
ɲ |
 |
palatal nasal |
Spanish año ["aJo], English canyon ["k{J@n] (broad transcription uses [-nj-]) |
J\ |
ɟ |
 |
voiced palatal plosive |
Hungarian egy [EJ\] |
J\_< |
ʄ |
 |
voiced palatal implosive |
Sindhi ʄaro [J\_<aro] |
K |
ɬ |
 |
voiceless alveolar lateral fricative |
Welsh llaw [KaU] |
K\ |
ɮ |
 |
voiced alveolar lateral fricative |
|
L |
ʎ |
 |
palatal lateral approximant |
Italian famiglia [fa"miLa], Castilian llamar [La"mar], English million ["mIL@n] (broad transcription uses [-lj-]) |
L\ |
ʟ |
 |
velar lateral approximant |
|
M |
ɯ |
 |
close back unrounded vowel |
Korean 으 (eu) |
M\ |
ɰ |
 |
velar approximant |
Spanish fuego ["fweM\o] |
N |
ŋ |
 |
velar nasal |
English thing [TIN] |
N\ |
ɴ |
 |
uvular nasal |
Japanese san [saN\] |
O |
ɔ |
 |
open-mid back rounded vowel |
British English thought [TO:t], American English off [O:f] |
O\ |
ʘ |
 |
bilabial click |
|
P (or v\) |
ʋ |
 |
labiodental approximant |
Dutch west [PEst]/[v\Est], allophone of English phoneme /r\/ |
Q |
ɒ |
 |
open back rounded vowel |
British English lot [lQt] |
R |
ʁ |
 |
voiced uvular fricative |
French roi [Rwa] |
R\ |
ʀ |
 |
uvular trill |
German phoneme /r/ |
S |
ʃ |
 |
voiceless postalveolar fricative |
English ship [SIp] |
T |
θ |
 |
voiceless dental fricative |
English thin [TIn] |
U |
ʊ |
 |
near-close near-back rounded vowel |
English foot [fUt] |
U\ |
ʊ̵ |
 |
central lax close rounded vowel, not in IPA |
|
V |
ʌ |
 |
open-mid back unrounded vowel |
RP English strut [str\Vt] |
W |
ʍ |
 |
voiceless labial-velar fricative |
Scots when [WEn] |
X |
χ |
 |
voiceless uvular fricative |
Klallam sχaʔqʷaʔ [sXa?q_wa?] |
X\ |
ħ |
 |
voiceless pharyngeal fricative |
Arabic <ح>ha’ [X\A:] |
Y |
ʏ |
 |
near-close near-front rounded vowel |
German hübsch [hYpS] |
Z |
ʒ |
 |
voiced postalveolar fricative |
English vision ["vIZ@n] |
XS |
IPA |
IPA |
Description |
Example |
. |
. |
 |
syllable break |
|
" |
ˈ |
 |
primary stress |
|
% |
ˌ |
 |
secondary stress |
|
' (or _j) |
ʲ |
 |
palatalized |
|
: |
ː |
 |
long |
|
:\ |
ˑ |
 |
half long |
Estonian differentiates three vowel lengths |
- |
|
|
separator |
|
@ |
ə |
 |
schwa |
English arena [@"r\i:n@] |
@\ |
ɘ |
 |
close-mid central unrounded vowel |
Paicĩ kɘ̄ɾɘ [k@\_M4@\_M] |
{ |
æ |
 |
near-open front unrounded vowel |
English trap [tr\{p] |
} |
ʉ |
 |
close central rounded vowel |
Swedish sju [x\}:]; AuE/NZE boot [b}:t] |
1 |
ɨ |
 |
close central unrounded vowel |
Welsh tu [t1], American English rose's ["r\oUz1z] |
2 |
ø |
 |
close-mid front rounded vowel |
Danish købe ["k2:b@], French deux [d2] |
3 |
ɜ |
 |
open-mid central unrounded vowel |
English nurse [n3:s] (RP) or [n3`s] (Gen.Am.) |
3\ |
ɞ |
 |
open-mid central rounded vowel |
Irish tomhail[t3\:l'] |
4 |
ɾ |
 |
alveolar flap |
Spanish pero ["pe4o], American English better ["bE4@`] |
5 |
ɫ |
 |
velarized alveolar lateral approximant; also see _e |
English milk [mI5k] |
6 |
ɐ |
 |
near-open central vowel |
German besser ["bEs6], Australian English mud [m6d] |
7 |
ɤ |
 |
close-mid back unrounded vowel |
Estonian kõik [k7ik], Occurs in Vietnamese |
8 |
ɵ |
 |
close-mid central rounded vowel |
Swedish buss [b8s] |
9 |
œ |
 |
open-mid front rounded vowel |
French neuf [n9f], Danish drømme [dR9m@] |
& |
ɶ |
 |
open front rounded vowel |
|
? |
ʔ |
 |
glottal stop |
Danish stød [sd2?], Cockney English bottle ["bQ?l] |
?\ |
ʕ |
 |
voiced pharyngeal fricative |
Arabic ع (`ayn) [?\Ajn] |
* |
|
|
undefined escape character, SAMPA's "conjunctor" |
|
/ |
|
|
indeterminacy in French vowels |
|
< |
|
|
begin nonsegmental notation (e.g., SAMPROSA) |
|
<\ |
ʢ |
 |
voiced epiglottal fricative |
|
> |
|
|
end nonsegmental notation |
|
>\ |
ʡ |
 |
epiglottal plosive |
|
^ |
↑ |
 |
upstep |
|
! |
↓ |
 |
downstep |
|
!\ |
ǃ |
 |
postalveolar click |
|
| |
|
 |
minor (foot) group |
|
|\ |
ǀ |
 |
dental click |
|
|| |
|
 |
major (intonation) group |
|
|\|\ |
ǁ |
 |
lateral alveolar click |
|
=\ |
ǂ |
 |
palatal click |
|
-\ |
̮ |
 |
linking mark |
|