Recording engineer
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A recording engineer (or simply "engineer" for short) is a person who operates, and usually chooses and sets up recording equipment. The term applies mainly to a person who works in a recording studio, but can also apply to people who do the same kind of work, in other places. An engineer may work with multitrack recordings, stereophonic or Surround sound remixes, or both.
Some amateur (and a few professional) engineers are self-taught, and learn mostly by doing, or with the help of a manual or how-to book. Many engineers started in other studio jobs (such as gofer or messenger), and learned about recording as they became familiar with the studio where they worked. An engineer learns about the use and placement of microphones, how to operate and maintain a mixing board, recording deck, effects and other machines, and how to manipulate live and recorded sounds, to make the best, and often the most unique, recording possible. A good engineer will strive to make recordings that are both of high technical quality, and also pleasing to hear.
Starting wages may be small in recording studios, and many novices work as unpaid volunteers. Experienced engineers, especially those who have worked on a hit record, may command a large wage. Some engineers are paid a salary, while others may earn hourly pay (sometimes based on the studio's rates), or be paid per session. Many go on to start their own recording studios, or maintain a private studio or mobile recording service. A few work only for a single recording artist, band, or producer.
Several colleges and universities in the United States and other countries offer classes in recording, which may cover its history, its uses, and of course technique and technical knowledge. Some schools offer degree or diploma programs in Recording. Graduating such a program does not guarantee a person a studio job, but increases one's chances, and can provide better preparation for such a career.
Besides studio work, some engineers have one or more specialties, such as digital remastering of old recordings, as consultants to places that give concerts and live performances, and sometimes as expert witnesses in court trials, when sounds or a recording may be important to the outcome of a case.
[edit] Noted recording engineers
- Sam Phillips (Elvis Presley, Roy Orbison, Jerry Lee Lewis, Carl Perkins)
- Norman Petty (Buddy Holly, Waylon Jennings and other artists)
- Larry Levine (Phil Spector and artists he produced)
- Stan Ross (Phil Spector and artists)
- Chuck Britz (The Beach Boys)
- Norman "Hurricane" Smith (The Beatles, Pink Floyd)
- Hank Cicalo (The Monkees, George Harrison, Carole King)
- Phillip MacDonald (The Beatles)
- Geoff Emerick (The Beatles)
- Alan Parsons (The Beatles, Alan Parsons Project)
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