จากวิกิพีเดีย สารานุกรมเสรี
ธาตุ |
กิโลจูล/โมล |
use |
CRC |
LNG |
WELL |
1 H ไฮโดรเจน (H2) |
(H2) 0.117 |
(H2) 0.12 |
(H2) 0.117 |
(per mol H atoms) 0.558 |
2 He ฮีเลียม |
0.0138 |
|
0.0138 |
0.02 |
3 Li ลิเทียม |
3.00 |
3.00 |
3.00 |
3.0 |
4 Be เบริลเลียม |
7.895 |
7.895 |
7.895 |
7.95 |
5 B โบรอน |
50.2 |
50.2 |
50.2 |
50 |
6 C คาร์บอน (แกรไฟต์) |
(แกรไฟต์) 117 |
(แกรไฟต์) 117 |
(แกรไฟต์) 117 |
7 N ไนโตรเจน (N2) |
(N2) 0.720 |
(N2) 0.71 |
(N2) 0.720 |
(per mol N atoms) 0.36 |
8 O ออกซิเจน (O2) |
(O2) 0.444 |
(O2) 0.44 |
(O2) 0.444 |
(per mol O atoms) 0.222 |
9 F ฟลูออรีน (F2) |
(F2) 0.510 |
(F2) 0.51 |
(F2) 0.510 |
(per mol F atoms) 0.26 |
10 Ne นีออน |
0.335 |
0.328 |
0.335 |
0.34 |
11 Na โซเดียม |
2.60 |
2.60 |
2.60 |
2.60 |
12 Mg แมกนีเซียม |
8.48 |
8.48 |
8.48 |
8.7 |
13 Al aluminium |
10.71 |
10.789 |
10.71 |
10.7 |
14 Si silicon |
50.21 |
50.21 |
50.21 |
50.2 |
15 P phosphorus |
0.66 |
(white) 0.66 |
0.66 |
0.64 |
16 S sulfur |
(mono) 1.727 |
(mono) 1.72 |
(mono) 1.727 |
1.73 |
17 Cl chlorine (Cl2) |
(Cl2) 6.406 |
(Cl2) 6.40 |
(Cl2) 6.406 |
(per mol Cl atoms) 3.2 |
18 Ar argon |
1.18 |
1.18 |
1.12 |
1.18 |
19 K potassium |
2.321 |
2.33 |
2.321 |
2.33 |
20 Ca calcium |
8.54 |
8.54 |
8.54 |
8.54 |
21 Sc scandium |
14.1 |
14.1 |
14.1 |
16 |
22 Ti titanium |
14.15 |
14.15 |
14.15 |
18.7 |
23 V vanadium |
21.5 |
21.5 |
21.5 |
22.8 |
24 Cr chromium |
21.0 |
21.0 |
21.0 |
20.5 |
25 Mn manganese |
12.91 |
12.91 |
12.9 |
13.2 |
26 Fe iron |
13.81 |
13.81 |
13.81 |
13.8 |
27 Co cobalt |
16.06 |
16.06 |
16.2 |
16.2 |
28 Ni nickel |
17.48 |
17.04 |
17.48 |
17.2 |
29 Cu copper |
13.26 |
12.93 |
13.26 |
13.1 |
30 Zn zinc |
7.32 |
7.068 |
7.32 |
7.35 |
31 Ga gallium |
5.59 |
5.576 |
5.59 |
5.59 |
32 Ge germanium |
36.94 |
36.94 |
36.94 |
31.8 |
33 As arsenic |
(gray) 24.44 |
(gray) 24.44 |
24.44 |
27.7 |
34 Se selenium |
(gray) 6.69 |
(gray) 6.69 |
6.69 |
5.4 |
35 Br bromine (Br2) |
(Br2) 10.57 |
(Br2) 10.57 |
(Br2) 10.57 |
(per mol Br atoms) 5.8 |
36 Kr krypton |
1.64 |
1.64 |
1.37 |
1.64 |
37 Rb rubidium |
2.19 |
2.19 |
2.19 |
2.19 |
38 Sr strontium |
7.43 |
7.43 |
7.43 |
8 |
39 Y yttrium |
11.42 |
11.4 |
11.42 |
11.4 |
40 Zr zirconium |
14 |
[1] |
13.96 ± 0.36 |
21.00 |
21.00 |
21 |
41 Nb niobium |
30 |
30 |
30 |
26.8 |
42 Mo molybdenum |
37.48 |
37.48 |
37.48 |
36 |
43 Tc technetium |
33.29 |
33.29 |
33.29 |
23 |
44 Ru ruthenium |
38.59 |
38.59 |
38.59 |
25.7 |
45 Rh rhodium |
26.59 |
26.59 |
26.59 |
21.7 |
46 Pd palladium |
16.74 |
16.74 |
16.74 |
16.7 |
47 Ag silver |
11.28 |
11.28 |
11.95 |
11.3 |
48 Cd cadmium |
6.21 |
6.21 |
6.19 |
6.3 |
49 In indium |
3.281 |
3.281 |
3.28 |
3.26 |
50 Sn tin |
(white) 7.03 |
(white) 7.173 |
(white) 7.03 |
7.0 |
51 Sb antimony |
19.79 |
19.79 |
19.87 |
19.7 |
52 Te tellurium |
17.49 |
17.49 |
17.49 |
17.5 |
53 I iodine (I2) |
(I2) 15.52 |
(I2) 15.52 |
(I2) 150.66 [sic] |
(per mol I atoms) 7.76 |
54 Xe xenon |
2.27 |
2.27 |
1.81 |
2.30 |
55 Cs caesium |
2.09 |
2.09 |
2.09 |
2.09 |
56 Ba barium |
7.12 |
7.12 |
7.12 |
8.0 |
57 La lanthanum |
6.20 |
6.20 |
6.20 |
6.2 |
58 Ce cerium |
5.46 |
5.46 |
5.46 |
5.5 |
59 Pr praseodymium |
6.89 |
6.89 |
6.89 |
6.9 |
60 Nd neodymium |
7.14 |
7.14 |
7.14 |
7.1 |
61 Pm promethium |
7.13 |
7.13 |
about 7.7 |
62 Sm samarium |
8.62 |
8.62 |
8.62 |
8.6 |
63 Eu europium |
9.21 |
9.21 |
9.21 |
9.2 |
64 Gd gadolinium |
10.05 |
10.0 |
10.05 |
10.0 |
65 Tb terbium |
10.15 |
10.15 |
10.15 |
10.8 |
66 Dy dysprosium |
11.06 |
11.06 |
11.06 |
11.1 |
67 Ho holmium |
17.0 |
17.0 |
16.8 |
17.0 |
68 Er erbium |
19.90 |
19.9 |
19.90 |
19.9 |
69 Tm thulium |
16.84 |
16.84 |
16.84 |
16.8 |
70 Yb ytterbium |
7.66 |
7.66 |
7.66 |
7.7 |
71 Lu lutetium |
ca. 22 |
22 |
(22) |
about 22 |
72 Hf hafnium |
27.2 |
27.2 |
27.2 |
25.5 |
73 Ta tantalum |
36.57 |
36.57 |
36.57 |
36 |
74 W tungsten |
52.31 |
52.31 |
52.31 |
35 |
75 Re rhenium |
60.43 |
60.43 |
60.43 |
33 |
76 Os osmium |
57.85 |
57.85 |
57.85 |
31 |
77 Ir iridium |
41.12 |
41.12 |
41.12 |
26 |
78 Pt platinum |
22.17 |
22.17 |
22.17 |
20 |
79 Au gold |
12.55 |
12.72 |
12.55 |
12.5 |
80 Hg mercury |
2.29 |
2.29 |
2.29 |
2.29 |
81 Tl thallium |
4.14 |
4.14 |
4.14 |
4.2 |
82 Pb lead |
4.77 |
4.782 |
4.77 |
4.77 |
83 Bi bismuth |
11.30 |
11.145 |
11.30 |
10.9 |
84 Po polonium |
ca. 13 |
about 13 |
85 At astatine |
|
(per mol At atoms) about 6 |
86 Rn radon |
3.247 |
3.247 |
3 |
87 Fr francium |
ca. 2 |
about 2 |
88 Ra radium |
8.5 |
8.5 |
about 8 |
89 Ac actinium |
14 |
14 |
90 Th thorium |
13.81 |
13.81 |
13.81 |
16 |
91 Pa protactinium |
12.34 |
12.34 |
12.34 |
15 |
92 U uranium |
9.14 |
9.14 |
9.14 |
14 |
93 Np neptunium |
3.20 |
3.20 |
3.20 |
10 |
94 Pu plutonium |
2.82 |
2.82 |
2.82 |
95 Am americium |
14.39 |
14.39 |
14.39 |
[แก้] หมายเหตุ
- Values refer to the enthalpy change between the liquid phase and the most stable solid phase at the melting point (normal, 101.325 kPa).
[แก้] อ้างอิง
As quoted from various sources in an online version of:
- David R. Lide (ed), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, 2003; Section 6, Fluid Properties; Enthalpy of Fusion
As quoted from various sources in:
- J.A. Dean (ed), Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (15th Edition), McGraw-Hill, 1999; Section 6, Thermodynamic Properties; Table 6.4, Heats of Fusion, Vaporization, and Sublimation and Specific Heat at Various Temperatures of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds
As quoted at http://www.webelements.com/ from these sources:
- G.W.C. Kaye and T.H. Laby in Tables of physical and chemical constants, Longman, London, UK, 15th edition, 1993.
- D.R. Lide, (ed.) in Chemical Rubber Company handbook of chemistry and physics, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 79th edition, 1998.
- A.M. James and M.P. Lord in Macmillan's Chemical and Physical Data, Macmillan, London, UK, 1992.
- H. Ellis (Ed.) in Nuffield Advanced Science Book of Data, Longman, London, UK, 1972.