सदस्य:Tazkartulaoulia
From विकिपीडिया
INTRODUCTION
SHAIKH FARID AL-DIN ATTAR IS CONSIDERED ONE OF THE PREEMINENT MYSTICAL POETS OF THE PERSIAN LITERARY TRADITION. THE DURATION OF HIS LIFE IS UNCERTAIN, THOUGH HE CAN BE PLACED IN THE 12TH AND 13TH CENTURIES C.E. BORN IN NISHAPUR IN WHAT IS TODAY IRAN, ATTAR APPARENTLY WAS A PHARMACIST, BUT LITTLE INFORMATION ABOUT HIS PERSONAL LIFE IS KNOWN. DURING HIS LIFETIME HE IS BELIEVED TO HAVE WRITTEN APPROXIMATELY 9 BOOKS, INCLUDING SUCH FAMOUS WORKS AS THE MANTEQ AL-TAYR (THE CONFERENCE OF THE BIRDS) AND THE ILAHI-NAMA (THE BOOK OF GOD) MUSLIM SAINTS AND MYSTICS IS CONSIDRED WORLD FAMOUS CLASSICAL BOOK OF PERSIAN LITERATURE WHICH PRINTED AND RE-PRINTED IN MANY COUNTRIES .AN ABRIDGEMENT, TRANSLATED BY A.J. ARBERRY, OF ATTAR'S ONLY KNOWN PROSE WORK: TADHKIRAT AL-AULIYA (THE MEMORIAL OF THE SAINTS), WHICH HE WORKED ON THROUGHOUT MUCH OF HIS LIFE AND WHICH WAS AVAILABLE PUBLICLY BEFORE HIS DEATH. ARBERRY'S TRANSLATION IS AN ABRIDGEMENT; THE ENTRY ON OWAISE AL-QARANI AND SOME OTHER CHAPTERS TRANSLATED BY THE UNDERSIGNED OMITTED IN ARBERRY'S TEXT,IS INCLUDED AT THE FOLLOWING LINK.
REG SECOND CHAPTER , OWAISE AL-QARNI IS ALREADY PUBLISHED BY THE FOLLOWING WEB SITE .
http://www.omphaloskepsis.com/collection/descriptions/mussm.html AND ALSO AVAILABE FOR THE READING IN THE YAHOO.COM AND HOTMAIL.COM WEBSEARCH, PLEASE JUST ENTER OWAISE OF QARNI AND GET IT.
IN Tazkeratul Aoulia Sheikh Farid-ud-Din Attar (Book of Muslim Saints ) WROTE MANY CHAPTERS BRIEFLY BUT IN THOSE CHAPTERS THERE IS FULL INFORMATION AND DETAILS ON THE TITLE AND HIS STYLE OF WRITING IS MOST INTERESTING . FOR THIS REASON THE READERS WILL REMEMBER THE ABOVE CHAPTERS FOR A LONG TIME. .
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15 EPISODES from Tazkeratul Aoulia by Sheikh Farid-ud-Din Attar (Book of Muslim Saints and Mystics)
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Translated from Urdu to English by Muhammed A. Hafeez, B.COM. Email: hafeezanwar@yahoo.com H.NO. 16-11-16/1/21, SALEEMNAGAR COLONY, AL-MADINA COTTAGE, Hyderabad-36, (India)
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Reference Books
1. Tazkeratul Aoulia by Sheikh Farid-ud-Din Attar (Book of Muslim Saints and Mystics), Urdu translation published by Majedi Book Depot, Kanpur in the year 1383 A.H., India.
2. Tazkeratul Aoulia by Sheikh Farid-ud-Din Attar (Book of Muslim Saints and Mystics), Urdu translation published by Anwar Book Depot, Delhi India.
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1. IMAM Ja’far al-Sadiq His name was Ja’far al-Sadiq and his patronymic name was Abu Mohammed. If we start writing about his qualities and miracles then it is not easy to cover all of them. He inherited from Ali Bin Abi Talib (RA) and he is the real heir of the Prophet. Ja’far al-Sadiq’s greatness is such that we can call him the king of Muslim ummat (nation). He was the follower of truth and ascertainment and also the true follower of the pious persons. He was great among all the saints and successors of the Prophet. He was descendant of Ali Bin Abi Talib (RA) and the Prophet’s family. Due to his greatness, we all praise him. As already mentioned above that to write the details about the works and achievements of Prophet, their companions and members of the Prophet’s family is not easy and will need many volumes to describe. After seeking the blessings for writing this book, we are mentioning here the stories of pious persons who were passed away after the family members of the Prophet. Here we are writing about Ja’far al-Sadiq. Ja’far al-Sadiq was ranked after the companions of the Prophet. He was member of Prophet’s family, hence many of his teachings about mystic knowledge and also his other narrations are available. We are mentioning here some of his sayings about good felicity. Those who follow his religion, in other words are following the religion of twelve Imams (religious leaders), as he was the successor of the twelve Imams. So it is one that is equal to twelve and also twelve that is equal to one. If we mention about his works and achievements then it will be equivalent to mention the works and achievements of twelve Imams. If we mention about his character, he was master in every kind of knowledge and wisdom. He was the leader of learned people and they all had full confidence in him. He was not only a great leader of mystic persons but he was also the follower of literary persons and lovers of Allah. He has written many books and in these books he has explained the controlling powers of Allah in the best possible manner. He has also narrated many of the sayings of Imam Baquer’s. The author explains as follows: “I am surprised to know that a group of persons due to their poor knowledge thought that Sunnat Jamat (followers of the Prophet) has enmity with the family members of Prophet. But the fact is that the members of Sunnat Jamat are the followers of the Prophet’s family members.” So we must remember that every one who has faith in the Prophet, he should also love and have faith in the Prophet’s family members. When Imam Al-Shafe’i was imprisoned on the charge of enmity with the Prophet’s family members, he uttered some couplets at that time. The meaning of one of the couplet is as follows: “I am friend of the holy Prophet Muhammed (PBUH) and his family members so if this is enmity then all human beings and jins should be witness on this enmity.” Who is Sunni? In its real meaning Sunni is one who accepts the greatness of the Prophet’s family members. If it is not compulsory the rule of faith to know about the Prophet’s family members and his companions but it is good for everybody to know about them. As you know some other things and some unnecessary things. The importance of companions of the Prophet is very great because due to their sacrifices and great efforts as well as due to their Islamic knowledge which they learned from the Prophet and which helped the Muslims to spread the religion of Islam throughout the world. They set great examples of their sacrifices and efforts, which will guide the Muslims till the day of judgement. If we follow them then we can achieve real Islamic goal in our lives. So for you it is good to know about the king of this world and the world after the death, Prophet Muhammed (PBUH) and his companions and their followers. The Prophet’s family members who made distinguished services and sacrifices for the Islam and Muslims. With the help of their teachings we can become a true Muslims. So for this reason one should respect and love for the followers of the holy Prophet and his family members. When some persons asked Abu Hanifa who is superior in the followers of holy Prophet. He said, “In the older Abu Bakr Siddiq (RA) and Omar Farouq (RA), in the young men Osman Bin Affan (RA) and Ali Bin Abi Talib (RA), in the women Ayesha (RA) and in the girls Fatima (RA).” One night the caliph Mansur of Baghdad ordered his minister to bring Ja’far al-Sadiq before him for his killing so the minister told him, “Why did he want to kill such a noble and great person who is in loneliness in the house and busy in the worship of Allah and who left the worldly life and pleasure so it is against expedience.” Mansur angry when heard the reply from his minister and told him it is his duty to obey his orders. The minister tried his best in this matter but he was not successful so he went to call him helplessly. The caliph ordered his slaves to kill him upon his arrival to the palace at the time when Mansur takes down his crown from his head. But when he came to his palace Mansur stood before him and ran to receive him and gave him a most suitable place to sit him and he sat before him with sincerity and with great respect. The slaves were surprised when they saw the actions of Mansur. The caliph asked him if he need any thing from him. Then he told him that he should not be called again there to enable him to continue the worship of Allah. Mansur said good bye to him with great respect and at the same time Mansur’s body began shivering and became unconscious and he was in that condition for three days and some persons told he was in that condition in which his three prayers were lapsed. When he was all right then the minister asked him, “What was the matter with him?” Mansur told him, “When he entered his palace he saw a big python with him and his two lips were open and one was on the upper side and the other was below of the throne.” The python told him, “If you do any harm to Ja’far al-Sadiq I would swallow you with your seat.” So when I heard this I was afraid of python and I could not know what I was telling to him so I excused him and become unconscious.” When once Dawood Tai came to see him and asked him, “Oh! Son of the Prophet, pray for me as my heart become black.” Then Ja’far al-Sadiq told him, “Oh! Abu Suleiman, you are also pious person of the time so no need of my prayers.” Then Dawood Tai told him, “Oh! Son of the Prophet, Allah gave you a such greatness and it is obligatory for you to give advice to all Muslims.” He told, “Oh! Abu Suleiman, I am afraid that on the day of judgement my grand father will caught me and will ask me why I have not fulfilled my duties properly and Allah will not see the inheritance but see the good deeds.” Then Dawood Tai wept and told, “Oh! Allah, his inheritance is from the holy Prophet and his habits are superior and his grand father is the holy Prophet and his mother is batool (great woman) but he is still worried then who is Dawood and why he is so proudly on his deeds.” One day Ja’far al-Sadiq was sitting and he told his slaves to come and make a promise that on the day of judgement whoever will be successful then he should recommend the others. Then they told, “Oh! Son of the Prophet, why did you need our recommendations as your grandfather will recommend all the creatures?” Then he told them, “He is ashamed of his deeds so he is afraid to see the face of his grandfather.” Once Sufyan Thauri went to see Ja’far al-Sadiq when he discontinued going outside of the house and stayed alone in the house and he told him, “Oh! Son of the Prophet, people are not getting your grace as you are in the loneliness of the house.” Then he told him, “I think this is better for me” and recited these two couplets and the meaning of them is as follows: “The faithfulness is not seen as the traveller on the journey will not see again and people are busy with their thinking and necessities. People express love for each other but their hearts are full of poison.” When the persons saw him wearing a wealthy dress and they told him, “Oh! Son of the Prophet, it is not suitable for the Prophet’s family member to wear such a dress.” Then he caught his hand and took it inside of the dress of his shoulder and showed him the inside dress which was made of jute and it scratched his hand. He told him, “This dress is for the Allah and other is for the mankind.” Ja’far al-Sadiq asked Abu Hanifa, “Who is wise?” And he replied, “One who makes difference between good and bad.” Then he told him, “The animals could do these things. As they recognize who beat them and who love them.” So Abu Hanifa asked him to explain in this matter, “Who is wise?” He told him, “One who could make difference between two good things and two bad things and choose one good thing which is more good from the two goods things and one bad thing which is less bad from the two bad things.” When the persons told him, “You have all qualities of pious persons and have kindness and coolness of the family members of the Prophet but you have more proudness.” So he replied, “I am not proudly but my lord is great so when I discontinued proudness and greatness these things entered into me. So upon Allah’s greatness one can feel proud but one should not be proudly for greatness of his own.” Somebody lost his bag of dinars (money) so he caught Ja’far al-Sadiq and told him, “You have stolen my dinars,” as that man could not recognize him. He asked him, “How many dinars have you lost?” The man replied, “One thousand dinars.” He took that man to his house and gave him one thousand dinars. Later that man found his bag of money some where and explained him the whole event and made apology to him and requested him to take the money which he brought back for him and he also told him, “It was his mistake.” He told him, “He would never take back anything which he gives to anybody.” That man asked, “Who is this person?” And people told him, “He is Ja’far al-Sadiq” Then the man was very sorry for his mistake and went away. One day he was going on the road lonely and he was saying ‘Allah, Allah’, and one poor pious person was also following him and saying ‘Allah, Allah’. When he told, “Oh! Allah, I do not have trouser and dress with me” and at the same moment one clean pair of dress was appeared there and he wore the same. Then the poor pious person asked him, “Oh! Great man, I was also reciting ‘Allah, Allah’ behind you so please give me your old dress.” So he liked his idea and gave him his old dress. A man came to Ja’far al-Sadiq asked him, “He wanted to see Allah.” He told that man, “Have you not heard what Allah told Prophet Moses (PBUH) that you did not able to see him.” The man told, “Yes.” But this is ummat (followers) of Prophet Muhammed (PBUH) and among the followers of the Prophet in whom one person said, “His heart was seen Allah and other person is crying that he will not worship Allah until he could see Allah.” So he asked the persons to tie him with rope and throw him in the river Tigris. When he was thrown in the water and he was gone inside water but water brought him to the surface level and he called, “Oh! Son of the Prophet, help me, help me.” But he told the water, “Oh! Water, take him and hide him” and water took him inside. So that man was gone inside of the water many times and came on the water surface many times but he was crying for the help of Ja’far al-Sadiq. When he was tired and gone inside of the water and lost hope for the help from the mankind and at that time water brought him to the upper level of surface as he called, “Oh! Allah, help me, help me.” Then he told the persons to take him out from the water and he was taken out from the water. He sat for some time and he became normal. He asked him, “Have you seen Allah?” He replied, “When I was calling others then there was a veil but when I called Allah for his help with eagerness then I saw Allah in the window which opened in my heart. If there was no eagerness and passion then Allah will be not there.” Allah says, “Is somebody there who will reply the needy person’s call?” Ja’far al-Sadiq told him, “When he was calling others for His help then he was false and advice him to take care of the window in the heart.” Ja’far al-Sadiq told, “One who says, ‘Allah is on the things or Allah is from things’ and so for this saying he will become unbeliever.” And further he told, “One who commits sin with fear and seek Allah’s repentance and then he will become closer to Allah. When one who worships in the beginning for himself and in the last for the show and proud for this he will be kept him away from Allah. One who is proud for his worship then he will become a sinner. Sincere is one who will repent for his sins.” When persons asked Ja’far al-Sadiq, “Who is better either sincere pious person or wealthy person?” He said, “Pious person is better than other one because wealthy person always looks for the bags of money but pious person is always with Allah.” He further continued, “The worship is not right without repentance because Allah preferred repentance than worship. As Allah said, ‘Repentance seekers are worshipers.’ ” Refer to Qur’anic teaching in which it is clear that repentance is superior to the worship. The real remembrance of Allah is that in which one should forget all things because Allah is found for such things. He explained one verse of the Holy Qur’an in which Allah says, “He bestow His mercy on any one whom he likes.” So all sources are kept away as Allah’s blessing is given without any source. Ja’far al-Sadiq said, “The faithful is one who stands against nafs-i-ammara (inordinate appetites) and the pious is one who stands in the worship of Allah.” He said, “One who fight against nafs-i-ammara for the sake of himself then he will become the man of miracles.” He also said, “One who fights with nafs-i-ammara for the sake of Allah then he finds Allah.” He said, “Ilham (revelation) is a sign of Allah’s blessing for His accepted persons but when this matter is proved that it is nothing by logic and this is the work of unbelievers.” He said, “Allah is more hidden in the man than the movements of the black ants on the black mountains during the night. The love of Allah is neither good nor bad. The secret which I come to know when I became mad. It is good for a man if he has wise enemy.” Ja’far al-Sadiq said to keep away from the friendship of the following five persons: 1. Liar who will always deceive you. 2. Foolish who always wish for your good but the result will be bad which he does not know. 3. The miser who will spoil your time. 4. Coward who will leave you when you are in danger. 5. Sinful who will sell you for the sake of a morsel and also for his greed he will put you in the trouble for his gain which even it will be less than a morsel. Ja’far al-Sadiq said, “Allah’s heaven and hell are also in this world. When there are no worries it is heaven and when there are worries it is hell. It is heaven when we should approach Allah for all our works. It is hell when we surrender all our works to nafs-i-ammara.” If there will be effect of enemies on Allah’s men then there was effect on Asiya from the Pharaoh and if there was effect of Allah’s man on the enemies of Allah then there was benefit for the Lut’s wife and Noah’s wife. His sayings are too many but we have mentioned above some of them only.
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FIRST EPISODE from Tazkeratul Aoulia by Sheikh Farid-ud-Din Attar (Book of Muslim Saints and Mystics)
Translated from Urdu to English by Muhammed A. Hafeez, B.COM. Email: hafeezanwar@yahoo.com H.NO. 16-11-16/1/21, SALEEMNAGAR COLONY, AL-MADINA COTTAGE, Hyderabad-36, (India)
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Reference Books 1. Tazkeratul Aoulia by Sheikh Farid-ud-Din Attar (Book of Muslim Saints and Mystics), Urdu translation published by Majedi Book Depot, Kanpur in the year 1383 A.H., India.
2. Tazkeratul Aoulia by Sheikh Farid-ud-Din Attar (Book of Muslim Saints and Mystics), Urdu translation published by Anwar Book Depot, Delhi India.
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2.Owaise of Qarni
About Sohail Yemeni, the prophet says that he is superior to his followers due to his kindness and favor. When there is praise by the prophet then what else can I describe about him. Sometimes the prophet used to turn his face towards Yemen and said, “I feel the breeze of love from the Yemen.” the prophet told on the day of judgment that Allah will create 70,000 angels same as Owaise of Qarni (clone) and when Owaise of Qarni will come there in between them and will proceed to the heaven, no one will recognize him except Allah, because in the world he used to worship away from the mankind and so he will be kept away from the mankind on the day of judgment. It is mentioned that the friends of Allah will be kept hidden by him, so no one will be able to see them. On the day of judgment the prophet will come out of his palace and will say, “ Where is Owaise, so that I can see him.” soon there will be a call in which it will be heard that do not worry in this matter, you will not see him here as you did not see him in the world. The prophet told that there was a person in my followers and his recommendation was accepted which was equal to the hairs of the sheep of Rabiya and Mizer tribes of Arabia. There were two tribes in Arabia who had many sheep at that time. The companions asked the prophet, “Who that person is?” he said, “He is one among the slaves of Allah.” then they told the prophet that they were also slaves of Allah, but what was his name. The prophet told them, “His name is Owaise and he is from Qarni.” they asked him, “Where he is ?” He replied, “He is in Qarni.” then companions asked the prophet, “Have you seen him?” he replied that even though he did not see him physically but he was seen by the eyes of certainty. The companions asked that how such a lover did not come to see you. He said, “It may be due to two reasons, first due to his conditions and second is to respect my Shariat (Islamic law), because his mother is old and blind. He looks after camels and gets some money for the food and clothes for his mother. Then the companions asked could they see him. The prophet answered that Abu Bakr (ra) will not see him but Ali Ibn Taleb (ra) and Omer Farouq (ra) will see him. On Owaise Qarni’s body there are hairs and on his chest and on his palm there are small white marks, which are not of leprosy. The prophet said to Omer Farouq (ra) and Ali Ibn Taleb (ra), “ When you will meet him, convey my salam and ask him to pray for the Muslims.” the prophet told he is superior among the Allah’s men who are hidden. Then the companions asked that where could they find him ? The prophet replied, “ In Yemen there is a camel look after Owaise and you have to follow his foot steps.”
When the time of prophet’s death was nearer, the companions asked that to whom they should give his dress. He said, “ TO Owaise of Qarni.” After the death of prophet Omer Farouq (ra) and Ali Ibn Taleb (ra) went to Koofa (Baghdad) and at the time of delivering sermon Omer Farouq (ra) requested the people of Najd to stand and asked them, “Is there any person from Qarni.” they said, “ Yes.” then Omer Farouq (ra) asked them did they know about Owaise of Qarni? They replied, “ No, but there is a mad person who lives away from the people.” Omer Farouq (ra) asked where he lives. They replied, “He lives in Arna valley and looks after the camels, eats dry bread in the night, neither come to the village nor talk to the people.” he does not eat what we eat and he does not know sorrow and happiness. When people laugh he weeps and when people weep he laughs. Omer Farouq (ra) and Ali Ibn Taleb (ra) went to that valley and found that Owaise of Qarni was praying at that time. Allah has ordered his angels to look after his camels. When there was a sound he finished his prayer and said salam to Omer Farouq (ra). Omer Farouq (ra) asked him, “ What his name is ?” he replied, “A slave of Allah.” then Omer Farouq (ra) said, “We all are slaves of Allah but I am asking your proper name.” he replied, “Owaise.” Omer Farouq (ra) told him to show his left hand. He showed his hand and Omer Farouq (ra) saw the white mark on his hand, which was already described by the prophet. He kissed his hand and said, “The prophet has conveyed his Salam and has sent his dress for you and asked you to pray for the Muslims.” then Owaise of Qarni told them, “You are superior so you pray, as you are very close to the prophet.” Omer Farouq (ra) replied, “I will pray but you also pray according to the advice of the prophet. Owaise of Qarni requested Omer Farouq (ra) to please check some other person and that he is not the real one. Omer Farouq (ra) said that they have found all marks on him, which were explained by the prophet. Then Owaise of Qarni said, “Give me the dress so that I can pray.”Omer Farouq (ra) gave him the dress. Owaise of Qarni told him to stay there and he went away and poured the dust on his face and asked Allah, “ Oh Allah, I will not wear the dress until you accept my recommendation for all Muslims and for this the prophet has sent his dress and Omer Farouq (ra) and Ali Ibn Taleb (ra) have done their work, now your work is left.” then there was call in which it was heard, “I have forgiven some people due to your recommendation.” Owaise of Qarni replied, “I will not wear the dress until you forgive all Muslims.” then the call was heard again in which it was told, “I have forgiven many people.” when he was talking to Allah, at the same moment Omer Farouq (ra) and Ali Ibn Taleb (ra) came over there. When Owaise saw them there he asked them that why they have come over there because he was talking to Allah and that he will not wear the dress until he (Allah) accepts my recommendation for all the Muslims. Omer Farouq (ra) saw that Owaise of Qarni was wearing a rag dress, in which there was wealth of 18,000 worlds. Omer Farouq (ra) was very sad to see himself and his caliphate, so he said, “Anybody is there who can purchase his caliphate for a piece of bread.” Owaise said that foolish will purchase so throw it and anybody who likes it, will take it, so there is no need of selling and buying it. Then Owaise of Qarni wore the dress and said that Allah has forgiven the Muslims on his recommendation and due to this dress to equal number of the sheep of Rabiya and Mizer tribes. Ali Ibn Taleb (ra) was silent. Omer Farouq (ra) asked him, “Oh Owaise, why have you not met the prophet?” Owaise asked, “Have you seen the forehead of the prophet. If you have seen then tell me whether his eyebrows were close or scattered.” but he could not reply this. Owaise of Qarni told, “ Are you a friend of the prophet Muhammad (pbuh)?” he said, “yes.” if you were firm in the friendship then why you have not broken your teeth when the prophet’s teeth were broken in the battle of mount of Ohud in Madina and this is the rule of friendship. He showed his teeth and said that he had broken all his teeth in prophet’s love without even seeing him. When I broke a tooth, I was not sure of it as it might be the same tooth of the prophet or not and then I have broken all my teeth. Omer Farouq (ra) and Ali Ibn Taleb (ra) wept and said that your value of respect was great. He did not see the prophet but his respect for the prophet was admirable. We have to learn respect from him. Omer Farouq (ra) asked him to pray for him. Owaise of Qarni told him that there should be no desires and wishes when one has faith in Allah. In every prayer I used to pray for all men and women of Muslim world for Allah’s mercy and forgiveness. If you die with faith then you will find result of my pray in your grave otherwise my pray will be spoiled. Omer Farouq (ra) asked him to give some advice. He said, “Oh Omer, do you know Allah?” Omer (ra) said, “Yes, I know.” He told Omer (ra) that except Allah he does not know anybody and it is better for you also. Again Omer (ra) asked for more pieces of advice. He said, “Oh Omer, does Allah know you.” He said, “Yes.” then it is better that Allah knows you more than others. Then Omer (ra) told him to please wait for some time, so that he can bring something for him. Owaise of Qarni took out two dinars from his pocket and said, “This is my earning from camel grazing. If you guarantee that these two dinars are enough for my entire life then I will accept the other things from you, otherwise I do not need anything.” then Owaise of Qarni gave thanks to them for coming over there to see him after facing many difficulties and asked them to leave the place. The Day of Judgment is near, where we can meet there and from there we will not separate at all. Now I am busy for the preparation for the life after death. When Omer Farouq (ra) and Ali Ibn Taleb (ra) left that place the people of that place started respecting Owaise of Qarni.
He left that place and reached Koofa. After that nobody has seen him, but Huban’s son Harm when he heard about the greatness of recommendation of Owaise of Qarni he was anxious to see him. He went to Koofa to see him, searched him and by chance he found him on the river Farat where he was doing ablution and washing his clothes. He said, “I recognized you due to your greatness and what I have heard about you.” He paid salam to him; he replied it and he looked at me carefully. I wanted to shake his hand but he did not give his hand. I said, “Oh Owaise, Allah has blessed you, granted his mercy and has forgiven you.” I wept in his friendship and on his weak condition, Owaise of Qarni also wept. Owaise said, “Oh Harm, the son of Huban, god bless you. What thing you have brought here and who showed you my address.” Harm replied him, “How do you know my name and my father’s name, as I have not seen you before.” Owaise said, “Allah told me, who knows everything. My soul recognized your soul, as soul of Muslim knows each other.” I asked him to narrate any saying of the prophet. He told that he did not met the prophet and has heard his qualities from others and do not want to become scholar of prophet’s tradition, as he has many pending things to do. Then he asked him to recite any verse from the Quran. He recited. “A‘oodhu billahi minash shaitan rajeem” and he started weeping. He said that Allah says in the Quran, “Wama khalaqtul jinna wal insa illa li-ya‘budoon.” he recited and he cried in loud noise so I thought that he had gone mad. He again asked me what had brought him there. I told him that I wanted your friendship and to become successful. He replied that one who knows Allah does not need the love and affection of others and gets comfort from others. I asked him to advise me. He told me that when you sleep, think that your death is under your pillow. When wake up, do not have many hopes and do not consider any sin smaller, but think it is big one. If you think any sin smaller then you think Allah small and will become a sinner. I asked him, “What do you say about my stay?” he told me to go to Syria. Then I asked how I would find my livelihood there? Owaise of Qarni said, “It is very sad that their hearts are full of doubts and suspicions and they do not accept the pieces of advice.” I asked him some more pieces of advice for me. He told, “Oh son of Huban, your father died. Adam (as), Eve (as), Noah (as), Abraham (as), Moses (as), David (as) also died. Abu bakr (ra) died who was the first caliph, my brother Omer (ra) also died.” then he said, “Oh Omer, god bless you.” Omer (ra) is still living. He says, Allah has informed him that Omer (ra) has passed away. He told me that, I and you are in between dead. He recite blessing and started praying. He advised me to follow the holy book and the right path and do not forget about death at any moment. When you reach your people then advise them and also advise mankind. Always follow the steps of the prophet, otherwise you will be out of the religion and be eligible for the hell. He then advised some prayers and asked me to go. He said, “Oh son of Huban, you will not see me and I will not see you again, but remember me in your prayers, because I to remember you in my prayers. You go on that way and I will follow this way.” I had desire to follow him for some time but he did not allow me. He wept and I also wept. I was watching him from the backside but after some time he disappeared. After that there was no news about him. The son of Huban said that Owaise of Qarni first told him about the four caliphs of the prophet.
Rabiya narrates that he went to see Owaise of Qarni and he saw him while he was performing the morning prayer. After the prayer he was busy in the glorification of Allah until the time of noon prayer. He was busy with his work until the time of next prayer and in this way he was very busy until next morning prayer. For three days he did not eat or drink anything or even slept. On fourth night he slept for some time and then wake up and started hymns, in which he said, “ Oh Allah, keep me away from full sleep and full food in the stomach and it is enough for me and I have come back to you.” it is said that he never slept in the nights. He used to say that the night was for doing prostration, bowing and for standing before God. He used to keep every night alive. When people asked him, “How do they pray?” he told, “I want it will be dawn before I did not say ‘Subhan Allah’ in the prostration. As I want to do worship same as angels do in the sky.” When people asked him, “What is khudo (attention) in the prayers?” He told, “If there is wound of spear on your body but you did not notice it.” The people asked him, “How are you?” how he will be, when he wake up in the morning and the death will allow him to be alive or not upto night? When people asked him about his work, he replied, “Oh, the journey is long but no preparations at all?”
Owaise of Qarni said that if you worship of Allah and if the same is equal to the worship of all creations of Allah in the sky and earth but Allah will not accept the same unless you have faith in him. The people asked him further, how we have to keep faith in Allah. He said at the time of worship do not think for other things, which Allah have reserved for you. He said, “Whoever like the following three things, for him hell will be near to nerve of his neck.” 1. Good food 2. Good dress 3. Sitting with wealthy people
People told Owaise of Qarni that there is one man who is sitting in the grave since 30 years and wearing shroud around his neck and weeping. He said, “Take me to that person so that I can see him.” the people took him to that person and he saw that man who has become thin by weeping. He told him, “Oh man, the shroud and the grave has kept you away from the Allah, and these two things are disturbing on your way.” Due to his divine appearance that person was able to see these things on him and his condition was revealed to him. He died in the grave. So think on it that if grave and shroud are seen then other things can also be seen. It is reported that Owaise has not eaten anything or drank even water for three days. On the fourth day he got a dinar on the way. He did not took that dinar and he thought that it belonged to some other person and he went ahead to eat grass. Then he saw a sheep and in her mouth there was hot bread and the sheep kept that bread before him. But he thought that it belonged to some other person. The sheep told him, “I am the slave of Allah like you.” then he took that bread and that sheep was disappeared. His praise and qualities are too many and great. In the beginning Shaikh Abul Qasim Gorgani was the follower of Owaise of Qarni. Owaise of Qarni says that one who knows Allah from Allah, and then he knows everything. He said, “Safety is in loneliness. The person who is single and alone and who do not think about others in his heart is safe and secured, because it is not good to think about others in loneliness. Satan (devil) will run away when two persons meet each other.” So he did not go there because he knew that no need to misguide them, as those persons are busy with each other and have forgotten Allah. Owaise of Qarni suggested keeping control on the heart so that other person (devil) may not enter into it.
Owaise of Qarni’s sayings
1. When I asked for high respect, I got it in the service. 2. When I asked for leadership and status, I got it in the people’s advice. 3. When I asked for kindness and service, I got it in the truth and right path. 4. When I asked for proud and greatness, I got it in poverty and misery. 5. When I asked for link, I got it in goodness and in the fear of god. 6. When I asked for fame, I got it in the worship. 7. When I asked for carelessness, I got it in the trust of God.
It is reported that the neighbors of Owaise of Qarni told him that they thought him a mad man. They collected some money and constructed a house for him. He used to live in that house. There was nothing in the house to eat at the time of breakfast. He tried to earn money by collecting seeds of dates and by selling them. From that money he managed his food. If he collected dates, he used to sell them and that money was spent for the charity. His dress was old and not in the good condition. He made his dress from the horse skin which he used to clean himself. He used to leave the house at the time of morning prayer and to enter the house after night prayer. Wherever he went, the children threw stones on him. He requested the children to throw small stones on him to avoid bleeding from his body and not to spoil his ablution. He was not worried about his legs but he was worried about his prayers.
In his last days he met Ali Ibn Taleb (ra) and participated in the war of Seffin and died there. There is a group of people who consider themselves as Owaisia. For them there is no need of teacher and they do not have any source with them like Owaise of Qarni, but they are on the right path of religion due to the grace of god.
Owaise of Qarni has not seen the prophet but the prophet did his internal training and this is fact. His position is very high and it is difficult for anybody to attain such a high position. Such greatness is due to the kindness and mercy of God. Whom God likes, will be given such a great position. His grave is in a small village of Yemen, which is far away from capital Sana.
SECOND EPISODE from Tazkeratul Aoulia by Sheikh Farid-ud-Din Attar (Book of Muslim Saints and Mystics)
Translated from Urdu to English by Muhammed A. Hafeez, B.COM. Email: hafeezanwar@yahoo.com H.NO. 16-11-16/1/21, SALEEMNAGAR COLONY AL-MADINA COTTAGE, AL-SULAIMAN APARTMENT Hyderabad-36, (India)
[बदलें] ==========================================
Reference Book 1. Tazkeratul Aoulia by Sheikh Farid-ud-Din Attar (Book of Muslim Saints and Mystics), Urdu translation published by Majedi Book Depot, Kanpur in the year 1383 A.H., India.
2. Tazkeratul Aoulia by Sheikh Farid-ud-Din Attar (Book of Muslim Saints and Mystics), Urdu translation published by Anwar Book Depot, Delhi India.
[बदलें] =========================================
5. Muhammed ibn Wase
He was a leader of ascetics and worshippers and he was learned man who acted as per the learning. So in this way he was a perfect pious personality of his time . He was always a content person . May Allah bless him and there was no person like him during his time. He served many followers of the holy prophet’s companions . He met many pious personalities of his time. He has a great share in the tariqat ( mystic knowledge ) and Islamic law. He used to eat dry bread with mixing in the water. He told that “ One who is content on the this then he will not require any thing from the mankind. ” In the hymens he used to say “ Oh : Allah you used to keep me hungry and naked like your friends. But I do not know the reason that how I have got such a great position similar to your friends.”
When he will be much hungry then he used to visit house of Hasan of Basra and eat what ever available there and Hasan of Basra will always welcome him at his house. He told that “ A man is successful one who wake up hungry and sleep hungry but he should not forget the remembrance Allah in that condition. ”
One person requested him to advice him and he told him that “ I will advice you to become the king of this world and other world after death. So you should become ascetic in the world and do not greed and temptation with others and think that all creations are given every thing from Allah and then he will be free from needs and resigned from all others . In this way he will become the king of the two worlds.”
One day he has told Malik Bin Dinar that “ It is difficult to control the tongue than to look upon the world and dinars and never say any bad thing to others.” One day he went to Qataiba bin Muslim and he was wearing a woolen dress so he asked him why he was wearing such a dress but he did not reply in this matter. Upon asking second time by Qataiba bin Muslim then he told him “ He want to explain about ascetic condition but could not explain the same because in which it will be praise for him or there will be complain against Allah.’’
One day he was saw his son in happy condition and so he told him “ Do you know that who are you ? And I have bought your mother in 200 dirhams and your father is worst in the whole mankind. So why you are so much proudy ? ’’
When person have asked him do you know Allah? And he replied after silence of some time that “ One who know Allah then he should get lost himself permanently in the condition of surprise.’’
“ Allah will give respect to that person who will not look other than Allah. But no body has authority on Allah. True person will not be called true unless he has no balance in between fear and hope.” As per the saying of the holy prophet that “ In every thing the condition of medium is better. ”
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FIFTH EPISODE from Tazkeratul Aoulia by Sheikh Farid-ud-Din Attar (Book of Muslim Saints and Mystics)
Translated from Urdu to English by Muhammed A. Hafeez, B.COM. Email: hafeezanwar@yahoo.com H.NO. 16-11-16/1/21, SALEEMNAGAR COLONY AL-MADINA COTTAGE, AL-SULAIMAN APARTMENT Hyderabad-36, (India)
[बदलें] ==========================================
Reference Book 1. Tazkeratul Aoulia by Sheikh Farid-ud-Din Attar (Book of Muslim Saints and Mystics), Urdu translation published by Majedi Book Depot, Kanpur in the year 1383 A.H., India.
2. Tazkeratul Aoulia by Sheikh Farid-ud-Din Attar (Book of Muslim Saints and Mystics), Urdu translation published by Anwar Book Depot, Delhi India.
[बदलें] ==============================
7. Abu Hazem al-Makki
He was leader of sincere, pious and god fearing persons. He followed mashiq (learned persons) and lived a simple life. He was among famous sufies of his time due to his worship and observation. He lived for a long period so he met many learned persons. Among them is one Abu Osman Makki who was his great admirer. His life and achievements are available in many books but for our guidance we are mentioning some short details of his life which are as follows.
He met many companions of the prophet like Ans Bin Malik and Abu Hurara.
His sayings are very famous and solution for any problem to solve the same.
Hisham Abdul Malik once asked him “ Which action will deliverance us ? He replied him.
“ For the money we get and for this money we should see that it is coming from halal ( right) source and it should be spent for the halal purpose only.” Hisham asked him “ How we can do this ?” He replied “ One who will desire of heaven and fear of hell and want the pleasure of Allah then one should take care of it otherwise he will not be successful in the other world after the death.”
Hezam makki’s sayings are as follows.
“ Avoid the world because I have heard that the worshipper who likes the world and for this reason on the day of judgment the angels will announce that this person is one who liked the thing which Allah does not like it. He further continued that there is nothing in the world which will not finish because in the world no such thing made by Allah which will not met its end. In this World even some useless things attract the man so he neglects the big things of the heaven.”
He told that “ All things depend upon two things. First thing that is made for us and other thing which is not made for us . So for first thing whatever we will try to avoid it to get but it will reach us. For the other thing for which whatever we will try for it to get but it will not reach by us .” He told if he will not pray then he will face many difficulties due to non acceptance of prayers.” He told “ Oh : person you are product of this time so you prefer saying than actions and this is time for the proud of knowledge and there is no importance of leaving action. So you are bad people in the best time.” One person asked him “ What is your condition ?” . He replied that “ My condition is to gain the favor of Allah and to keep away from the mankind . So one who gain favor of Allah will be not see the mankind .”
One day he was passing near the butcher’s shop and he saw the fine meat in the shop so the butcher asked him to take the fine meat. He replied him that “ He does not have money with him. “ The butcher told him “ To take on the credit.” He told him that “ First I have to try to convince my mind for the credit then I will take it.” The butcher told him “ Due to his thinking his body become thin and bones are visible on his body.” He told him “ Inspite of this condition he is enough for the insects in the grave.”
One pious person who was on his journey for the hajj came to his house in Baghdad and at that time he was sleeping . When he woke up and told that person “ The prophet came into his dream and conveyed his message that he should not over look his duties towards her mother which is better than performing the hajj.” So he requested that pious man to return back to his place and take care of his duties for the pleasure of his mother . So the man cancelled his trip to Makkah and went back to his place.
[बदलें] ========================================
SEVENTH EPISODE from Tazkeratul Aoulia by Sheikh Farid-ud-Din Attar (Book of Muslim Saints and Mystics)
Translated from Urdu to English by Muhammed A. Hafeez, B.COM. Email: hafeezanwar@yahoo.com H.NO. 16-11-16/1/21, SALEEMNAGAR COLONY AL-MADINA COTTAGE, AL-SULAIMAN APARTMENT Hyderabad-36, (India)
[बदलें] ==========================================
Reference Book 1. Tazkeratul Aoulia by Sheikh Farid-ud-Din Attar (Book of Muslim Saints and Mystics), Urdu translation published by Majedi Book Depot, Kanpur in the year 1383 A.H., India.
2. Tazkeratul Aoulia by Sheikh Farid-ud-Din Attar (Book of Muslim Saints and Mystics), Urdu translation published by Anwar Book Depot, Delhi India.
[बदलें] ===================================================
8. ‘Otba al-Gholam
He was among pious personalities of innermost qualities and who attained perfection. His teacher was Hasan of Basra . He was popular among the pious persons as well as in the general persons.
Once he was walking with Hasan of Basra on the bank of river and suddenly he started walking on the water . Due to this Hasan of Basra was surprised and asked him “ How he has got such a great position? ” then he replied him “ You are doing according to the sayings but whatever I will do as per the will and pleasure of Allah.”
After his penitent for his love with a beautiful women to whom he expressed his love in some manner to her. So that women sent her servant and asked him “ Which part of her body he was seen?”. He replied that ‘ He saw her two eyes and was fallen in her love .” So that women when she come to know the details of his love then she took out her two eyes and sent the same through her servant to him and informed him that the things which he liked are sent for him . When he saw the eyes and got her reply and due to this there was strange condition on Otaiba and he went to see Hasan of Basra for his penetration and due to Hasan of Basra’s innermost qualities he started his worship.
He used to cultivate barley for himself and grind it for flour . Then he used to mix the water in the flour and dry it the wet flour and after that he will make the tablets . He used to eat one piece of tablet for one week and he will used to engage himself in the worship of Allah. He used to say that “ He is ashamed to go to toilet daily due to the presence of two angels who are writing men’s good and bad deeds. ”
Once people saw him in the winter in one simple shirt and his body was with sweat. So for this reason the people asked him “ Why it so?” He replied that “ Long time ago some guests were in his house who took some soil from the neghbour’s wall without the permission of the owner. So from that time to up till now when ever I look on the wall I regret for the act of my guests and this is the reason of my sweat even though the neighbour already forgiven me for this mistake .”
Some persons have asked with Abdul Wahed Bin Zaid “ Do you know any person who ignore others due to his frenzied condition .” He replied “ Yes and ask them to wait for some time as he will come soon there .” At the same moment Otaiba entered that place and the persons have asked him have you met any person on your way? And he replied “ I have not met any person” but even though he was coming from the bazaar.
He never ate fine food or wore fine dress. Once his mother asked him “ Oh Otaiba be pity on your condition and he replied her that “ I have desire for pity on me on the day of judgement which is good for always for me as this world is for some days. So if I face the difficulties of this world is better than the difficulties of the day of judgement .”
After many nights he could not slept and he repeatedly told this sentence “ Oh Allah if you punish me or forgive me and in the both conditions you are my friend.” Once in his dream he saw a beautiful hourie who said to him that “ Oh Otaiba I love you so I have desire that you will not do any such thing which will cause separation of us .” He told her that “ He divorced the world and at the time of meeting with you I will not look at the world. ”
Once some body told him that many persons used to ask about your affairs. So please show me one of your miracle . He asked him “ What do you need ? ” that person asked for the fresh dates and as there was no season of dates at that time. But at the same time he gave him a bag full of dates to him.
One day Sammak and Zanon Masri were present in the house of Rabiya of Basra and at that time Otaiba entered that place wearing new dress and he was walking proudly . So Sammak asked him how he is walking to day? He replied him “ His name is Ghulam Jabbar ( Slave of Jabbar) so he is walking proudly ’’and at the same time he became un-conscious and fallen on the ground. When they approached him to see but he was already dead.
After that some body saw him in the dream in which he saw his half face black so he asked the reason for it ? . He told him that “ Once in his student life he saw a beautiful boy with long beard and moustaches .”
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23. Abu Solaiman al-Dara’i
He was famous saint who was master in Islamic law and mystic knowledge. Due to his kind nature he was called rehan khuloob which means sweet basil of hearts. He was from Dar al Malik so he was called Dara’i.
One of his disciple Ahmed Hawari narrates that one night he prayed in the private place and he felt very peace with it and when he explained this to his teacher Abu Sulaiman Darai then he told him “ Oh : you are so old but you do not know the condition of worship in the private or public place and in both these places there is nothing which will stop the worship of Allah.”
He used to say that one night after Eisha prayer he could not raise his one hand due too much cold in that night so he put one of his hand in the armpit .
In that night he heard a divine voice in his dream in which Allah told him “ He awarded for raising one of his hand and if he raised the another one then we will have given the reward for that hand also.” After that he had made his habit to pray with two hands during the winter seasons. He told that one night due to drowsiness his time for daily round of recital was over and he saw in his dream a hourie which told him “ Since 500 years she was adorn for you but you are in condition of negligence.” After that sound he wake up and completed his daily round of recital. He told one night he saw a hurie in his dream . Hurire’s forehead was illuminated. So I asked why there it is bright and shining? She replied him that “ One night due to fear of Allah you were weeping and due to weeping there were tears in your eyes. These tears have put on my face as powder and for this reason from that day there is brightness and shining on my forehead.” He told he used to eat bread with spread of salt on it but one day he ate bread with salt and sesame was also with it. For this he got punishment for one year and due to this punishment there was no peace in his worship. He told that he used to borrow some amount from his friend for his daily expenses of life and one day that friend told him when your desires will be end.? Since from that day he stopped asking any thing from the mankind. He told “He thought caliph a bad man but he never told this to the people in this matter. So that people may not think me sincere and truthful and for this I will leave this world in insincere condition.”
He told that there was person in Makkah who did not drink other than Zam Zam water so I ask him “ If the well of Zam Zam will dry then which water he will drink.?” He replied “ Allah will reward you for giving me advice. Since many years I have great respect for Zam Zam water . So I will finish this respect from today onwards. ”
Some persons asked with Saleh bin Abdul Karim which thing is good in the following.
Hopefulness and fear.
He replied “both are good but hopefulness is better than fear. When this saying was reported to Abu Sulaiman then he told “ He thinks that the foundation of worship is on the fear because hopefulness will keep away us from worship. The foundation of religion and world is on the fear. So when there is control of hopefulness on fear then hearts will not work properly. If there will be increase of fear then the worship will also increases.”
He told Luqman advised his son “ Fear Allah in such extent that there will be no disappointment from the grace of Allah and do not keep too much hopefulness for which you will be out of fear from the punishment.”
Wet dream is curse due to too much eating of food . Too much eating food will cause the following six problems.
There will be no interest in the worship. Matters of wisdom will not be remembered. There will be no kindness. The worship will become burden. There will be increase of human desires. There will be no time for worship in the mosques due to too much visit of toilets.
One who have control on hunger and this is good habit and Allah grants this habit to his friends only . Because the hunger is fill of next world and key of this world. The hungry man’s all needs of his religion and necessities of this world are fulfilled.
Self-denial and humility causes softness in the heart and on that person there will be revelation of heavenly knowledge . One loaf of right ( halal) food in the night is better than the whole day’s worship. He told “ The man whose heart is bright will not like worldly desires. Because that light will separate him from this world and take him towards Allah.” He told “ One who will return back from the goal will not be successful. One who gets some sincerity in the life then he will feel happiness. The sincere people will be kept away from doubts. The true people when they want to explain the condition of their hearts but their tongues will not help them. There are some persons who are in agreeable condition of Allah but feel endurance as repentance for themselves. Because in that condition the man will claim for the repentance. But the agreeable condition relates the willingness of Allah so the repentance relates with the man and agreeable condition relates with Allah.”
The meaning of agreeable condition is that there should be no desire of heaven and no fear of punishment. He told that “ I like too much agreeable condition so if Allah sends every body to hell then all will go there with helplessly but I will accept it with happiness.”
To leave egotism is called humility .
The person who is called mystic will ignore the things which keep him away from Allah. Sign of mystic person is that who will not desire costly things comparing to the cheaper things. The world only creates all problems. He told the mysticism teaches that all problems are from Allah so leave all things except Allah. He told that hunger is must for the worship. He told that to think over worldly matters will bring difficulties in the next world. If we take lesson then our knowledge will be increased. Thinking will increases our fear of Allah. The need of other world is to shed tears from our eyes and deliberation of our hearts. He told the loss of wasting of life is such that if we weep all our lives then it will not cover the loss. He told Momen (faithful) is one who keeps away his heart from hardships of the world and busy himslef in the worship of Allah and who shed tears in the fear of Allah.
He told till if a man busy himself in the worship then in the meadows of heaven the angels will plant trees for his each and every worship . When the man ceases his worship then they also finish their work there. One who leaves truly all his human desires then he will deserve for the reward from the Allah.
One who will not find pleasure in his worship in this world then there will be no reward for such worship in the next world. Because the sign of acceptance is the pleasure of worship. The last stage of mystic saint is equal to the first of stage saints who re-signed themselves to the fate. He told Allah grants such grade to the pious persons in the dream which non pious person will not find in their prayers. When the inside sight of pious men works then the outside sight will be ceased. So he will not see except Allah. If we leave both the worlds to Allah then there is possibility of nearness of Allah. Mystic knowledge is near silence. He told if our heart is bright with remembrance of Allah then there will be no need of desires for us . One who suffers difficulties in the worship then the same source will become salvation for him. He told nothing is better than endurances . There are two kinds of endurances .
One is to be content for the things which we do not desire for us and
second to be content for the things which we desire for us . For this Allah has prohibited for us. He told I ruined myself to such extent that the world could not distress me . One who have control over his sole then he will get nearness of Allah and he will deserve for the heaven. He told the person who feel repentance for him then Allah will keep his secrets .
He told to his disciple that if your friend in anger will say some thing against you then you do not be angry with him and reply harshly because it is possible that your friend will be harsher than you. Upon his experience the disciple told him that his saying was correct and practical.
Junaid Baghdadi told that he was very carefull when he hears some sayings of mystic saints and unless he will not check two references from the Quran and traditions he will not act upon them.
He also got some knowledge from Mazlijat . He used to say in hunger “ Oh ; Allah such person is not good for your service unless who will not act on your commandments.” At the time of his death the persons told him you are going to see Allah who is most beneficent and merciful so please advice us. He told I am going to see Allah who counts our small sins and also who punish us for our greater sins and by saying this he left this world.
Somebody asked him in the dream how Allah has blessed him ? . He replied Allah granted his mercy and blessing but my fame in that world was not good for me .
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24. Mohammad ibn Sammak
He was great worshiper and mystic saint as well a great preacher and he was popular in the public as well as in the private people. Maruf Karqi was his great admirer of his good preaching. The caliph Haroun was also his great admirer. He told him “ Oh : Haroun , honor of mysticism is great honor. He used to say that the meaning of humility is “ The man should think himself low and he also told the example of persons who have passed away from the world are like medicine from which the persons were used to get cure but the example of present persons are like pain who are making healthy persons un-healthy.” He told “ In the past time in which the preachers think preaching a difficult task same like the persons of present time find difficulty to act upon the knowledge. In the present time there is shortage of learned people like the shortage of preachers in the past.”
Ahmed Huwari told that once I took his urine to the doctor when he was ill and the doctor was a fire worshiper. When I was returning back from him and met a pious person on the way and that person asked me from where I was coming back? When I explained him all the details then that person told me; “ It is very strange that Allah’s beloved person is taking help from his enemy. So tell him to put the hand on place of pain and recite this verse.
“ Awouze Billah Min Shaitan Nirjaim Wa Bilhaqe Nazalna Wa Bilhaque Nazal. ”
So when I came back to him and explained him all the details which happened on the way. He recited the verse and put the hand on the place of pain and he was recovered from the illness at once and told him he was Khizer ( as).
At his last time he told “ Oh :Allah at the time of doing sin I used to love your beloved friends so for this reason help me and forgive me.”
When the persons asked him to marry then he replied it was difficult for him to face two Satans ( devils). Upon his death the persons asked him in the dream how Allah blessed him and he replied them that “ Allah blessed him but he could not got the position of persons who married in that world and suffered difficulties to maintain them.”
25. Aslam al-Tusi.
He was famous saint and he did great worship and devoted much attention to mystic exercises during his time . He used to act upon the tradition strictly so he was called Lisan Rasool which means tongue of the prophet.
Once he was going on the camel and Isaque Bin Zaheriya was holding the camel’s bridle and in that condition they reached Naishapur . He was wearing a shirt of woolen cloth and a felt cap was on his head and a bag of books he was carrying on his shoulder. His preaching was so impressive that 50,000 persons left their lives of sins and followed the right path.
He was imprisoned and punished severally for the period of complete two years on the charge of not saying Quran a creature . In the prison he used to take bath on every Friday and he used to go to the jail gate but he was returned back by the jail guards so upon his return he used to say “ Oh ; Allah I have fulfilled my duty so you do whatever you like.”
When he was released from the jail and at that time the ruler Abdullah Bin Zaher was in Naishapur and all courtiers were present in his court to pay him their respect. The ruler asked the courtiers is any famous persons not come over there to pay their respect to him. The persons replied him two persons were absent and they are Ahmed Harab and Muhammed Aslam. Because both are great learned men and worshipers and they never visit the court to pay their respects to the ruler . Upon hearing this the ruler told the courtiers that he will visit them and pay his respect to them . When he first visited Ahmed Harabi’s house and he was in the condition of engrossment and he raised his head and told him “ Oh ; Abdullah you are very handsome so don’t waste your youth and handsomeness in the disobedience of Allah. ’’ After that he reached the house of Muhammed Bin Aslam but due to the Friday prayer preparations work he did not called him into his house but Abdullah Bin Zaher stayed outside of his house on his horse back waiting for him till the end of his Friday prayer. When he came out side of his house Abdullah Bin Zaher get down from his horse and kissed his feet and told “ Oh ; Allah as I am very bad so your beloved friend is my enemy. As he is your beloved friend to whom I love him so for his sake forgive me.” He left Tosi and settled down in Naishapur and the mosque in which he used to worship become holy one. As he resided in Tosi for many years so for this reason he is called Tosi. But he is from Arabic origin
One pious person saw him in Rome in his dream that Satan fallen down from the sky and due to his fall the earth where he was fallen was pressed down. So that pious person asked the Satan “Why it was happened to him?.” The Satan replied him that “ Due to expectoration of Aslam Tosi who made this after ablution and this sound made me fear and so I fell down from sky to the ground.”
There was a canal of water in front of his house but he never used the water from there as he thought that it was constructed for the public purpose . When the water of canal was dried up and he pulled the water from the well and filled the canal and he collected only one bottle of water from there .
He used to help beggars by taking money on loans from others. Once a jew demanded his loan amount suddenly and at that time he did not have any amount with him. But at that time he sharpened his pen and its one part was laying there on the ground so he given the same to the jew and asked him to go. When the jew saw the same and it converted into the gold. For this reason the jew thought in the religion of Islam such great saints are there so it will be not wrong religion and he became Muslim immediately due to his above thought.
Some body asked with Abu Ali Farmedi during his preaching time that learned persons are heirs of the holy prophet so mention the names of such great personalities. He then pointed towards Aslam Tosi and told him they are like him.
When he was ill in Naishapur and his neighbor saw him in his dream and he told him in the dream “ To day I will be free from the wordly grief and sorrow ’’. When he was wake up and he went to his house to know interpretation of his dream till then he already left this world.
Upon his death the persons covered his dead body with his blanket which he used to cover his body during life time. At the same time two women who were walking on the way and they told “ Oh ; sorrow today Muhammed Aslam left this world and this world could not deceive him and he took with him excellence and qualities.”
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31. Fath al-Mauseli
He belongs to great category of saints and he used to love worship of Allah and hate the mankind. Some body told to one saint Fatahe Mauseli is ignorant. That saint replied him “ As he left over the worldly affairs so there is no such great learned person than him.”
Once in the late night Siree Saqti went to see him but the royal policemen thought him a thief and caught him. In the morning all prisoners were ordered for the execution. When he came near the executioner for the execution but the executioner stopped his hands and when he was asked the reason for it. He told them “ An old man is standing before me and prohibiting me in this matter and he is Fatah Mouseli”. So Siree Saqti was freed from there and he went away with Fateh Mouseli.
Once he put his hand in blacksmith’s furnace and took one hot piece of iron from there and told “ This is called truth .”
Once in his dream he asked Ali Ibn Taleb (ra) to advice him so he told him “ For the sake of charity it is good for the rich persons for the humility of poor persons but it more better that the poor persons should hate the rich persons.”
One poor young man met him in the mosque and he told him “ I am a traveler so I have right over the local residents and for telling this I have come over here that on such a place I will die by tomorrow so please arrange for my convalescence bath and bury me in these old clothes .” So next day he went to that place and he find there the young’s dead body so as per the advice of the young man he buried him in the grave yard and at the time when he was leaving the place he heard a call from the grave in which it was told “ Oh : Fathe Mousali if I got the nearness of Allah then I will give you reward for your service for me.’’ He also told “ To live in the world in such a way that life should become eternal.”
When once he was weeping the blood passed from his eyes instead of tears. So the persons asked him why he weeps so much. He told them “ Due to fear of sins.”
Some body sent him fifty dirham as present for him and told him “ As per tradition of the prophet if some body get some thing without his desire then he should accept it otherwise it will be regarded as ungratefulness of Allah’s grace. ” When he heard this then he took one dirham so that there will be no ungratefulness.
He told “ He acquired knowledge from Abdals (an order of saints) for a period of 30 years and they advised me to keep away from the mankind and eat less.’’ “ As the patient dies if we stop him giving food and water. So in the same way without knowledge, wisdom and the advice of saints, the hearts of mankind will die.”
He asked with a clergy man which way that goes to god? He replied search it with attention any where and you will find it every where.
The mystic person’s every talk and action is from Allah. He will seek help only from Allah. One who act against his sole then he will become friend of Allah. One who is a seeker of the Allah then he will not be a seeker of the world.
Upon his death some body saw him in the dream and asked him “ What Allah done with him? He replied “ Allah blessed him with his mercy and told him as you were afraid of sins and for this reason you used to weep so much , so we have ordered the angles not to write any of your sins.”
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32. Ahmad ibn Abi ‘l-Hawari
He was famous saint of Islamic law and mysticism. He possessed many other qualities in him and as per the saying of writer he was sweet basil of Syria. He was disciple of Suleiman Darai and he also acquired knowledge from Suafian Bin Ayena. There was so much effect in his preaching . After attaining knowledge he used to busy in the study of books but afterwards he was thrown all books in the river and he told “ After obtaining the goal there is no need of logic and guides”.
But some persons say his knowledge is due to ecstacy. He agreed with his teacher Suleiman Darai that both should not disagree in any matter. Once Suleiman was in the condition of ecstacy and he went to him and told that oven is hot and so it will be done as per his order?. But Suleiman was in that condition of ecstacy and told him to go and sit there in the oven . So as per the agreement he went there and sat in the oven. After some time when Suleiman was remembered that he told him in the condition of ecstacy to go there and sit. So when he searched him and the persons found him in the oven . When Suleiman asked him to come out then he left that place but fire not affected him .
He told “If a person not regretted by heart and if it is oral then it is useless. If there is no efforts in the worship and in mystic exercise then there is no escape from the sins.” After this act there will possibility of friendship and one will get the sight of Allah . Mystic knowledge increases as per the wisdom. The persons who have fear of Allah will depend upon hopefulness. It is good to weep for the waste of time .The mystic person’s enemy is the love of world. One who does not knows his soul then he will become proudy. There is no big problem than carelessness and hard heartedness .The prophets thought that death is not good thing because it will discontinue the remembrance of Allah. One who likes worship and such person will become beloved of Allah. One who love Allah to get his undeserved favor then he will become polytheist. One who love Allah without any desires then he will become his beloved one.
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34. Abu Torab al-Nakhshabi
He was great pious personality from Khorasan and not only this but he also performed forty hajjs and for long time he did not taken any rest. Once in the condition of prostration he slept in the holy Harem Makkah ( grand mosque of Makkah ) and saw many hurries in the dream who were interested in him but he told them “ He is too much busy in the worship of Allah so how he will look at them.” But the hurries replied him “ If other hurries will know this matter that he is not interested in them then they will make fun of them.” Upon hearing this Redwan ( the guard of heaven) told them “ He will not see all of you now but on the day of judgement we can meet him there.”
Ibn Jla told “ He acquired knowledge from many pious personalities and met 300 pious persons but I think that there are only four of them are great pious persons and among them are Abu Torab is on the top of them.” When he reached holy Makkah he was very happy there when I asked him “ What is the arrangement of eating there ?”. So he replied “Some time he eats at Basra or at Baghdad and some time he used to eat in Makkah.”
When he will see any defects in his friends then he used to pray for their repentance and used to start more efforts. He used to say “ Due to his unluckiness such defects find in them.” He told his disciples “ Do not do any work of hypocrisy.” Once a period of one month of starvation passed on his disciples so in the condition of impatience, one of his disciples forwarded his hand towards the skin of melon so he told him “ You will not get mysticism. Because I have promised with Allah that I will not put forward my hands toward haram ( illlegal) things.”
In my entire life I desired in the jungle to eat bread and egg and once I forget the way and reached a place where the people of caravan were crying . when they saw me they caught me and told that I was stolen their goods and they started to attack me with their knives . But one old person was there who recognized me and told them “ He will not steal the goods as he is a great pious person.” When they heard this then all of them asked me to forgive them. Then I told them “ I have no objection for this trouble because my sole was undergone severe punishment of shame today ’’. Then the old man took me to his house and presented egg and bread. When I was reluctant to eat the above food then I heard a divine call in which it was told “ As you got the punishment for your desire so now you can eat this. But the desire of your sole will be fulfilled after it will be punished.”
Once he was traveling in the jungle with his disciples and there was need of water for them for drinking and ablution. So all of them requested him in this matter. Hence he marked a line on the ground and from that place immediately a canal started.
Abbas reported that he was with him in the desert and one of his disciple desired water for drinking so he hit his foot on the ground then a spring of water appeared there. Another disciple told him that he needs a cup to drink the water so he hit his hand on the ground then a white cup appeared there and that cup was with us till we reached Makkah . He asked with Abbas “ What is your opinion about revelation and miracles of your disciples.? He replied that “ Very few people believe in this matter.” He further told “ One who will not believe this then he will become disbeliever.”
He used to tell that once in the jungle in the dark night upon seeing one dangerous and tall gipsy I asked him are you jinn or man? But that person told me “ Are you a believer or non-believer ? When I told him that I am a Muslim then he told me “ A Muslim will not afraid other than Allah?”. Then I thought that it was warning from Allah.
Once I saw a man in the jungle who was traveling without any conveyance and nothing was with him and so I thought that there is no such great person than him as he has complete faith in Allah. When I asked him about lack of things with him then he replied me “ One who has faith in Allah will not require any thing with him.” He told “ For a period of thirty years he did not borrowed any thing from others or not given any thing to any body.”
When the persons have asked to explain in this matter further then he told them “ One person invited him but he did not accepted his invitation and for this punishment he did not ate any thing for fourteen days.” He told “ A true person is one who feels pleasure of action before action is done . Sincerity is an action in which there is pleasure of worship.” He told to love the following three things is not good.
The sole The life The wealth
We can get peace and pleasure only in the heaven. For realization of Allah there are seventeen stages among them the higher one is trust in Allah and lowest one is acceptance. The meaning of trust in Allah is to be grateful for the religion of Allah and if any thing one could not get then he should be grateful for it. But one should always get lost in the remembrance of Allah. He told Allah created the learned men for the guidance of the mankind. The meaning of richness is that not to desire any thing. The meaning of fakher (indigence) is a needy person.
Some body asked him if you have any desire for you? He replied “ I do not have any desire with Allah so I am happy for his approval and so Allah can keep me in any condition which ever he likes.”
What ever darwesh (mystic person) gets is his food and which ever thing that cover his body is his dress . The place where he resides is his house.
He was died in the desert of Basra and after many years a caravan passed from there and noticed that a man is standing with his staff and looking in the direction of Makkah and his lips were dried but no animal passed near him.
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39. Hamdun al-Qassar
He was jurist of Islamic law as well as scholar of prophet’s traditions and also he was great saint of mysticism. In mysticism he attained a great position. His teacher was Abu Torab Al-Nakhshabi but he himself was teacher of Sufiyan Suri and Abdulah Bin Mubarak. His followers are called Qasari. The condition of his taqawa ( fear of Allah) was great and once he was with his friend when was dying in the night and upon his death he put out the lamp and told “Deceased was the owner of lamp in his life but now after his death his heirs are owners so it is not good to lit the lamp without their permission”.
In Neshapur he met one young man named Saleh and asked him the question “ What are requirement of bravery and courage ? So he (Saleh) replied him “ My bravery demands me to wear the dress of mysticism and follow their ways. The bravery which require from you is to take down the dress of mysticism and in this way by remembrance of Allah you can attain good position. So that world may not attract you.”
Upon attaining great fame the persons asked him for the preaching so he replied them “ His preaching will not be good for the mankind because he is a lover of the world and the preacher must have effect to guide the mankind then he should preach . He should have sequence in his preaching and in his condition there should be divine help for him .” The persons asked him “ Why were so effective the styles of preachers who were passed away from the world.” He replied “Because they want to propagate Islam and want to control the sole in their preaching .” He told “ The love of Allah is better than the mankind. Do not disclose the secret matters. Always sit in the company of pious persons. Keep away from the company of ignorant persons and sit in the company of learned persons” . He told “ Asking for more will cause difficulties. To think sole as better will create proud. If one who follows his sole then he will become blind so he will be away from the right path. Always think yourself as worst and due to fear do not look at sottis person because there will be affected from him . Always aim at hopefulness and fear. With humility you will have indigence. The meaning of humility is that not to think others lower than yourself . Over eating is cause of diseases and will make problem for religious deeds . He told “ One should think himself lower so that world may respect you .”
Abdullah Bin Mubrak told that he advised him “ He should not be angry with any body for the sake of matters of the world.” Some body asked him “ What is definition of servant ?. He told “ To love Allah and his worship. ”The meaning of zahed (mysticism) is to be content for what ever one gets and do not desire more than that. The meaning of trust is to look at Allah for settlements of his debts other than mankind. But before surrendering all our affairs to Allah one should also try his level best and see all his means and sources , so he should check in this matter . ’’
The following three things with which the Satan will be happy.
For the murder of pious person. For the death of some person in the condition of disbelief. For the escape from darweshi.(mysticism)
Abdallah Bin Mubrak says he requested him in his illness to advice his ( Hamdum AL Qassar’s) children ? And he told “ He is afraid of their condition of darweshi (mysticism) and so he is much concerned about this as they follow it properly or not than their wealthy condition.”
He advised Abdullah Bin Mubrak at the time of his death to bury him among the women and he told this and died.
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40. Mansur ibn ‘Ammar
He was from Iraq and a great saint who was famous for revelation and preaching . For this reason many of saints described his qualities.
The reason of his fame is that once he got a paper on the way on which it was written Bis Milla Irrehman Nirrahim.( In the name of Allah the most beneficent and merciful ) .For the sake of respect he made a pill from the paper and swallowed it and in the same night he heard in his dream in which Allah told him “ He will widen the means for his wisdom and sagacity as he respected his name.” After that for a long time he was busy in preaching and propagation of Islam.
A wealthy person sent his slave to the bazaar to bring some thing for him from there but the slave was joined the meeting in which he was preaching. There was a poor derwesh ( mystic) person so Mansur told the gathering to pay four dirhams to that darwesh and for this he will pray for them for their four wishes. The slave who was going to the bazaar with four dirhams and he was given four dirhams to that darwesh . Upon this Mansur asked the slave “ Which prayers he wanted.”
The slave told him “ First he wanted to be free and Second may Allah grant repentance for his master , and
third he should get reward for the helping the darwesh person so he may get returned back his four dirhams .
Fourthly Allah may bless him and the persons who were present in this meeting.
So accordingly Mansur prayed for the above wishes of the slave. When the slave reached back to the house of his master and he was very angry and asked him the reason of his delay.? So the slave told him all the details and upon hearing the story he freed him and paid him also four hundred dirhams and he was repent. In that night the master saw in the dream in which Allah told him “ Inspite of your bad characters I have blessed you and your slave and the persons who were present in that meeting and Mansur Amer.”
During his preaching meeting some body presented him some lines of poetry and the meaning of which is as follows .
That one who is not pious one but he is advising others for the pious path is like a doctor who himself is patient but he is treating the other patients.
One night he was passing from a house and heard a voice of hymns “ Oh : Allah I have committed sins not due to disobedience but due to fraud of the Satan and sole so forgive me due to your grace and kindness.” When he heard this he read the following Quranic verse in the un-controlled condition “ Oh : the people of faith protect yourself, your family members and your sole from the fire of hell . The men and stones are the fuel of the hell . ’’ In the next morning when he was passing from that house and he heard some body was weeping so asked the reason for it. They told that some body recited one verse at the door during the night and when the boy heard the same and due to fear of Allah he was died. When he heard this he told “ He was killer of that boy.”
Caliph Haroon Al- Rashid asked him “ Who is great learned person in the mankind.? And who is a great ignorant man ?”. He replied “ The great learned person is one who is obedient and having fear of Allah. The greatest ignorant man is one who is a poor and sinner .” “ The heart of mystic saint is the center of remembrance of Allah. The heart of a person who loves the world will be the centre of greed and desires . He told further that “ There are two kinds of mystic persons . “
First one who himself takes interest in efforts and mystic exercise .
Second one is that person who for the pleasure of Allah joins the way of rightness and do worship.
How the wisdom acts in the following persons.
1. He told wisdom speaks the language of affirmation in the heart of mystic persons.
2. The wisdom speaks the language of explanation in the heart of ascetic person .
3. In the worshipper’s heart it speaks the language of guidance.
4. In the heart of followers it speaks the language of thinking.
5. In the heart of learned persons it speaks the language of remembrance of Allah .
The best person is one whose occupation is worship and his wishes and desires are darweshi (mysticism) and loneliness and he will think about death and life after the death and who always think for repentance.
He told “ The heart is source of light and if the desire of the world enters into one’s heart then that light will finish in him and darkness will cover it.’’ One who follows his sole then he will kill himself in this way. One who is not patient on his difficulties then he will face difficulties in the next world. One who left this world it means worldly matters and loves Allah then he will never face any grief and the silent man will not face any apology. We should keep away from any sin and it is better for us otherwise we will become a great sinner.
Upon his death Abu Hasab Sherani saw him in his dream and asked him how Allah blessed him.? He told “ Allah blessed him and asked him to do praise and eulogy for him in presence of angels same as he used to praise and eulogy for him in the other world.”
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41.AHMED BEN Al-Antaki
He was among famous learned personalities and he firm believer in Allah . Due to his long life he met many saints and he saw the period of many pious persons. He was famous for his wisdom and physiognomy . So great pious person Suleiman Dari called him the detective of heart. He left behind many of his sayings.
Some body asked him “ Do you have fondness of Allah” . He replied “ Fondness is required for the absent one but Allah is present for every moment.” He told there are three stages for the knowledge of Allah” .
First is to prove the oneness of Allah. Second to leave every thing except Allah. Third to think that no body can fulfill the duties of Allah because unless Allah grants the light of knowledge no body can not get the light of knowledge .
The sign of love of Allah is that to reduce his worship but to increase more thinking about Allah and to sit silently in the loneliness . Not to feel joy for the happiness and also not to be dis-hearted for any grief. He told “ Prophet Younus (pbuh) thought that Allah will not be angry with him but for him Allah sent a great difficulty on him.” One should seek the company of pious persons with great respect. He told “ There are four ways of mysticism. ”
To have faith in Allah To be away from the mankind To speak sincerely To bear the endurance of hardships for the right way.
A person will have fear and shyness according to his level of knowledge of Allah.The silence is tool of cleanliness for the heart. The wise person is one who is grateful for the grace of Allah. He told “ Belief is the gift of light of Allah with which one can observe the affairs of the next world as there will be no curtains for him. He advised for the worship of Allah by keeping away from the mankind and while thinking the presence of Allah.’’ For the cleanliness of heart the following five things are required.
To seek company of pious persons. To read holy Quran . Starvation. Night prayers Weeping in the morning time.
The name of justice is firmness. One, the justice which is done with mankind and second, justice which we do with Allah. It means to obey Allah’s orders with firmness. He told Allah says “ Your wealth and children are problems for you ’’. But we ourselves are more problems makers than wealth and children.”
He used to teach his followers in the best possible way. One night suddenly his 29 disciples came over to his house. So he asked to put cloth on the ground for eating of bread for them and put pieces of bread on it as there was shortage of bread in the house at that time. Then he asked them to sit and eat the bread and he took away the lamp from there. After some time he brought the lamp and saw that the pieces of bread were there before every person and no body ate any piece of bread due to selflessness.
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42. ‘Abd Allah ibn Khobaiq
He was from Kofa but he settled down in Anatoliya (Turkey) . He was among great pious darwesh (mystic person) of his time . He left many of his sayings after him.
Fathe Mouseli says when he met him he told him “ Due to the blessing of Allah man got following the four things.”
Eyes Tongue Heart Air
For thanks of eyes we should not see any thing which Allah prohibited us. For thanks of tongue we should not ask any thing. One who will not take care of these things then will face difficulties. Allah created the heart for his worship. One who has fear of Allah will not follow the desires of his sole.
He told “ To live in the world without greed and lust and to live with broken heart is good for the next world.” He told “ To acquire any thing which is not good for the next world is useless.” “ The best desire is that which will solve our problems.” “ Those who leave the sins and then they can hope from Allah for his grace. But others who repent and continue doing the sins so they will have fear that Allah will forgive them or not ? . So such hope is false in which one who continuously commits the sins and seek forgiveness of Allah. The wrong doers have more fear than hope from Allah. ’’
Truth is free from all conditions and true persons know the nature of all things. He told “ If you want to become more important than others so for this thing leave every thing and then you can keep trust in Allah so that you can see all others standing in need of you.”
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15 EPISODEs from Tazkeratul Aoulia by Sheikh Farid-ud-Din Attar (Book of Muslim Saints and Mystics)
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Translated from Urdu to English by Muhammed A. Hafeez, B.COM. Email: hafeezanwar@yahoo.com H.NO. 16-11-16/1/21, SALEEMNAGAR COLONY, AL-MADINA COTTAGE, Hyderabad-36, (India)
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Reference BookS 1. Tazkeratul Aoulia by Sheikh Farid-ud-Din Attar (Book of Muslim Saints and Mystics), Urdu translation published by Majedi Book Depot, Kanpur in the year 1383 A.H., India.
2. Tazkeratul Aoulia by Sheikh Farid-ud-Din Attar (Book of Muslim Saints and Mystics), Urdu translation published by Anwar Book Depot, Delhi India.