사용자:Russ/번역 클럽/러시아 벨라루스인

위키백과 ― 우리 모두의 백과사전.

Belarusians are a major ethnic group in Russia.

러시아 벨라루스인러시아의 주요한 소수 민족 가운데 하나에 속해 있는 민족이다.

In the census of 2002 807,970 Russian citizens confirmed their Belarusian ethnicity.

2002년도의 조사에서 80만7,970명의 러시아 주민이 벨라루스인이라고 confirmed했다.

[1] Major Belarusian groups live in the regions of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kaliningrad, Karelia.

러시아 벨라루스인 주요 그룹이 모스크바, 상트페테르부르크, 칼리닌그라드, 카렐리야 공화국에 거주한다.

Large groups Belarusians live in Siberia.

다른 벨라루스인 큰 그룹은 시베리아에 거주한다.

목차

[편집] 지리

A minor part of Belarusians in Russia are original inhabitants of the Russian-Belarusian border regions.

러시아에 거주하는 벨라루스인 A minor part들은 기원이 벨라루스-러시아 국경의 거주하던 주민들이다.

In ancient times the regions of Smolensk and Pskov were inhabited by the East Slavic tribe of Krivichi that later became major base of the Russian and Belarusian nations.

고대에는 스몰렌스크프스코프지역에 동슬라브족 일파인 크리비치인들이 거주했다. 그곳은 나중에 러시아와 벨라루스의 기초가 되었다.

The Russian town of Smolensk was several times conquered by Polotsk dukes and belonged to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania between 1408 and 1514.


According to the census of the Russian Empire, some Belarusians lived in the territories of modern Smolensk Oblast, Bryansk Oblast. A small number of Belarusians used to live in the modern Kaluga Oblast, Pskov Oblast, Orel Oblast.


러시아 제국의 조사에 의하면 일부 벨라루스인들은 지금의 스몰렌스크 주, 브랸스크 주지역에 거주했다. 소수의 벨라루스인들은 종종 the modern 칼루가 주, 프스코프 주, 오룔 주에 거주한다.

The Korenization policies of the 1920s encouraged Belarusians of Russia to promote and develop Belarusian cultural life and education.

1920년대의 The Korenization 정책은 러시아에 거주하는 벨라루스인들의 문화 생활과 교육을 개발하고 증진시키는 것에 encouraged했다.

A system of Belarusian schools was established in Western Russia.

In the 1930s, the Korenization was reversed and its proponents were repressed.

1930년대에, the Korenization은 파기되었고 Korenization지지자들은 억압당했다.

[편집] 모스크바

During the Polonization of the Grand Duchy in the 16th and 17th centuries, a large number of Orthodox Ruthenians — led by Princes Mistislavsky, Belsky and Galitzine — escaped the repressions to Moscow.

16세기 대공국의 Polonization시기와 17세기에 정교회를 믿던 많은 수의 루테니아인—미스티슬랍스키, 벨스키와 갈리친 Princes의 인도로—들이 억압을 피해 모스크바를 탈출했다.

In documents of that time they are also called Litvins or White Ruthenians.

이때 기록된 문서에선 모스크바에서 탈출한 이들을 종종 리트빈인이나 백루테니아인이라고 불렀다.

One of the compact settlement of Litvins in Moscow was the Meschianskaya Sloboda.

모스크바의 리트빈인 compact 거주지 가운데 하나는 메시안스카야 슬로보다였다.

Its inhabitants engaged in financial operations, trade, medicine.


Meschanskaya Sloboda had a degree of self-governance and a collegiate church.

메샨스카야 슬로보다는 self-governance의 degree와 a collegiate church를 소유했다.

In the times of Imperial Russia and the USSR Moscow as the scientific and economic centre of the country attracted many specialists from different parts of the empire including Belarus.

러시아 제국소련시절에 모스크바는 벨라루스를 포함한 다른 지역에서 많은 전문가들의 흥미를 attracted하게 되었다.

So, the minister of foreign affairs of the USSR during the most tensed period of the Cold War was the Belarusian Andrei Gromyko.

그래서 냉전 기간의 소련의 외교부 장관은 벨라루스인 안드레이 그로미코였다.

Today Moscow also attracts huge numbers of specialists for constant and temporary work. Every year hundreds of students from Belarus join Moscow universities.

매년 벨라루스에서 수백명의 학생들이 모스크바 대학교로 유학한다.

[편집] 상트페테르부르크

After the Partition of Poland, Belarusians started migrating to Russia including the imperial capital, St. Petersburg. Especially many peasants from northern and eastern regions of Belarus migrated to St. Petersburg.

폴란드 분할이후, 벨라루스인들은 상트페테르부르크를 포함한 러시아 전역으로 이동하기 시작했다. 특히 벨라루스 북동부와 동부 지역의 많은 peasants들이 상트페테르부르크로 이주했다.

According to statistics, from 1869 to 1910 the number of Belarusians in St. Petersburg grew 23 times and reached 70,000. By the end of that period Belarusians were the biggest ethnic minority in the city[2].

통계에 따르면 1869년에서 1910년사이에 상트페테르부르크의 벨라루스인 숫자는 grew 23 times and reached 70,000. 이 기간이 끝날때까지 벨라루스인들은 상트페테르부르크에서 가장 큰 소수민족이었다[3].

In the second half of 19th century several Belarusian organisations were created in St. Petersburg uniting intellectuals and students.

19세기 후반에 몇몇 벨라루스인 기구가 학생들과 지식인들에 의해 상트페테르부르크에서 조직되었다.

In 1868 the enlightenment organisation Kryvitski vazok was founded.

1868년에 the enlightenment 조직인 크리비츠키 바조크가 창설되었다.

In the 1880s the organisation of leftist Belarusian intellectuals Homan was created. A Belarusian publishing house existed in St. Petersburg in 1906-1912. Belarusian scientists at the universities of St. Petersburg made important ethnographic researches about Belarus.

The activity of organisations of Belarusian diaspora continued also after the October Revolution until it was violently stopped by Stalinist repressions.

During the Perestroika several new Belarusian diaspora organisations appeared in Leningrad. Today St. Petersburg, though less than Moscow, is also attractive for workers and students from Belarus.

[편집] 시베리아

Siberia was goal for mass migrations from Belarus in the 19th century. First, Russians deported participants of January November uprisings. During the period 1885–1914 550 thousands of Belarusians settled to Siberia. Entirely Belarusian villages existed there.

After the October Revolution the stream of migrants from Belarus to Siberia did not stop. The Soviets tried to organise their flow and sancioned several researches on the history and traditions of Siberian Belarusian. In 1929 the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus organised a special ethnographic expedition to Siberia. In the census of 1926 371,840 Siberians stated their Belarusian descent.

Korenization allowed the Belarusian minority in RSFSR to develop its culture and language. Belarusian schools were created in Siberia.

In the 1930s and early 1940s many Russian, Ukrainian, and Belarusian intellectuals and peasants were deported to Siberia, including those from West Belarus when annexed to the BSSR.

In the late 1980s the Belarusian national revival movement also affected Siberian Belarusians. Jan Cherski Society for Belarusian Culture was established in Irkutsk and is now the largest and most active organisation of the Belarusian diaspora in Russia.[출처 필요]

[편집] 러시아의 다른 지역

In the 18th century Belarusians lived in several gubernyas of European Russia. Belarusian settlements existed in Kursk, Pensa gubernyas and in the Ural.

After cancellation of serfdom in Russia in the 19th century mass migrations of Belarusian peasants to Russia started. Main goals were Volga region, Caucasus, Central Asia and Siberia.

From late 1940s to early 1960s many Belarusians settled in Karelia, Arkhangelsk Oblast, the Komi Republic, and Kaliningrad Oblast.

[편집] 러시아의 Belarusian territorial autonomies

Belarusian national revival in RSFSR in early Soviet times included creation of Belarusian local autonomies - national Rural Soviets (сельсоветы) inside raions. In 1924–1926 71 Belarusian rural soviets were created in Siberia. In 1926 there were 26 Belarusian rural soviets in the Russian Far East. In the Ural in 1928 there were 11 of them. Later also several Belarusian raiony - administrative units of a higher level - were created. In early 1930s there was a Belarusian national raion of Taboryn as part of the Ural oblast. There was a discussion about creation of a Belarusian national unit inside the Omsk oblast.

In mid-1930s all Belarusian autonomies inside the RSFSR were liquidated.

[편집] Modern state

Number of Belarusians in Russia

연도 인구
1959년 844
1970년 964,7
1989 1,206
2002 807

Because of cultural closeness of Belarusians to Russians and weakly expressed national identity Belarusians are more than other ethnic minorities exposed to assimilation in Russia.

벨라루스인들과 러시아인들 사이의 문화적인 closeness와 weakly expressed national identity Belarusians으로 인해 벨라루스인들은 러시아에 거주하는 다른 소수 민족보다 러시아인으로 대부분 동화한다.

Despite mass inflow of migrants from Belarus during last centuries, children of immigrants rarely identify themselves as Belarusians.

Currently more and more Belarusian organisations are created in different regions of Russia.

현재 러시아에 위치한 많은 벨라루스인 단체들은 러시아의 여러 지역에 창설되었다.

In 2003 a Belarusian cultural society Belorusy Yugry was registered in Surgut.

2003년에 벨라루스인 cultural society인 벨로루시 유그리(Belorusy Yugry)가 수르구트에 창설되었다.

The largest and strongest Belarusian diaspora organisation in Russia is the Jan Čerski Society for Belarusian Culture in Irkutsk.

러시아에 위치한 가장 크고 가장 강력한 벨라루스인 공동체 기구는 이르쿠츠크의 Jan Čerski Society for Belarusian Culture이다.

The organisation unites descendants of Belarusian settlers in Siberia, has several branches and issues a newspaper.

시베리아의 벨라루스인 이주자 후손들의 The organisation unites들은 몇몇 지부와 issues a newspaper를 소유하고 있다.

In Moscow there is the Frantsishak Skaryna Society for Belarusian Culture and an informal union of Belarusian students.

모스크바의 벨라루스인 기구는 Frantsishak Skaryna Society for Belarusian Culture와 벨라루스인 학생들의 비공식 union이다.

In Bashkortostan there is a Belarusian national cultural centre Siabry founded in 1996. In Kaliningrad Belarusians are united in the culture society Karalaviec.

바시키르 공화국에선 1996년에 a Belarusian national cultural centre Siabry가 창설되었고 칼리닌그라드에선 벨라루스인들이 the culture society Karalaviec로 united했다.

In the last decade Belarusian community of Russia is of separate opinion on the current presidency of Alexander Lukashenko. Some organisations support the nationalist opposition. Other, more recently founded organisations as the Federal National Cultural Autonomy of Belarusians in Russia are supported by the embassy of Belarus, and have a more positive opinion on the pro-Russian policies that the government is conducting.

Besides Russian citizens of Belarusian descent there are about 400 thousands Belarusians currently working in Russia.[4]

[편집] Notable Russians of Belarusian origin

[편집] 바깥 고리