Demir, atom numarası 26 olan bir elementtir. Simgesi Fe dir (Lat. Ferrum dan).
Demir, yerkabuğunda en çok bulunan metaldir. Yerkürenin merkezindeki sıvı çekirdeğin de tek bir demir kristali olduğu tahmin edilmekle birlikte, demir nikel alaşımı olma ihtimali daha yüksektir. Dünyanın merkezindeki bu kadar yüksek miktardaki yoğun demir kütlesinin dünyanın manyetik alanına etki ettiği düşünülmektedir.
Demir metali, demir cevherlerinden elde edilir ve doğada nadiren elementel halde bulunur. Metalik demir elde etmek için, cevherdeki safsızlıkların kimyasal redüksiyon yoluyla uzaklaştırılmaları gerekir. Demir, aslında büyük ölçüde karbonlu bir alaşım olarak kabul edilebilecek olan çelik yapımında kullanılır.
Davamı
Michael Faraday'ın (1791-1867) Laboratoriyası, English kimyacı ve fizikci.
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Many chemists have an interest in the history of chemistry, and those with philosophical interests will be interested that the philosophy of chemistry has quite recently developed along a path somewhat different from the general philosophy of science.
Other articles that might interest you are:-
- Superseded chemistry theories
- Alchemy
- Scientific method
There is a Wikipedia Project on the History of Science and portals for the scientific method and philosophy of science.
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- 04-07: A mild, selective functionalisation of the terminal position of n-pentane has been observed in a tungsten nitrosyl complex. The work was performed by a group at the University of British Columbia, led by Peter Legzdins. DOI:10.1021/ja0713633
- 02-19: A new chapter in the history of quinine total synthesis: in an extensive Angewandte Chemie review, Jeffrey Seeman validates the 1944 quinine synthesis by Bob Woodward and William Doering. Read more...
- 02-07: University of Pennsylvania chemist Alan MacDiarmid died on February 7th at the age of 79. MacDiarmid is best known for the discovery and development of conductive polymers such as doped polyacetylene, work for which he shared the 2000 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. Read more...
- 01-23: Pharmaceutical giant Pfizer announced a major restructuring plan, involving the loss of 10,000 jobs worldwide, after the failure of Torcetrapib in clinical trials. The $7bn. R&D budget remains intact, but in future Pfizer aims to bring in more externally sourced drug candidates. Read more...
Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) was a French microbiologist and chemist. He was the first to demonstrate chirality of molecules, using tartaric acid crystals, but this achievement is often overlooked in favor of his more famous work in biology and medicine. He is best known for demonstrating how to prevent milk and wine from going sour, a process which came to be called pasteurization. His experiments confirmed the germ theory of disease, and he created the first vaccine for rabies. He became one of the main founders of bacteriology, the other major figure being Robert Koch. Pasteur also discovered anaerobiosis, whereby some microorganisms can develop and live without air or oxygen.
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Techniques used by chemists
Chromatography - Combustion - Crystallization - Decantation - Distillation - Electrolysis - Extraction - Filtration - Fractionation - Reflux - Spectrometry - Sublimation - Titration
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Kimyagerlerce kullanılan ekipmanlar
Aspirator - Beaker - Boiling tube - Büchner funnel - Bunsen burner - Burette - Calorimeter - Colorimeter - Conical measure - Nuclear Magnetic Resonance - Mass Spectrometer - Liquid Chromatography - Gas Chromatography - Crucible - Cuvette - Laboratory flasks (Büchner, Erlenmeyer, Florence, Retort, Round-bottom, Volumetric) - Fume hood - Gas syringe - Graduated cylinder - Perkin triangle - Pipette - Separating funnel - Spectrophotometer - Schlenk flask - Soxhlet extractor - Stir bar - Test tube - Thistle tube - Static mixer
Types of chemical industry: Agrichemicals - Oleochemicals - Paints - Petrochemicals - Pharmaceuticals - Polymers
Companies: Bayer - BP - BASF - Degussa - Dow - DuPont - ExxonMobil - Mitsubishi - Monsanto - Shell - Total
Wikipedia:WikiProject Chemicals/Data is a collection of links and references that are useful for chemistry-related works. This includes free online chemical databases, publications, patents, computer programs, and various tools.
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He |
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Li |
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Be |
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B |
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C |
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N |
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O |
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F |
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Ne |
3 |
11
Na |
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Mg |
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Al |
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Si |
15
P |
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S |
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Cl |
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Ar |
4 |
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K |
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Ca |
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Sc |
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Ti |
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V |
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Cr |
25
Mn |
26
Fe |
27
Co |
28
Ni |
29
Cu |
30
Zn |
31
Ga |
32
Ge |
33
As |
34
Se |
35
Br |
36
Kr |
5 |
37
Rb |
38
Sr |
39
Y |
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Zr |
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Nb |
42
Mo |
43
Tc |
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Ru |
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Rh |
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Pd |
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Ag |
48
Cd |
49
In |
50
Sn |
51
Sb |
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Te |
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I |
54
Xe |
6 |
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Cs |
56
Ba |
71
Lu |
72
Hf |
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Ta |
74
W |
75
Re |
76
Os |
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Ir |
78
Pt |
79
Au |
80
Hg |
81
Tl |
82
Pb |
83
Bi |
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Po |
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At |
86
Rn |
7 |
87
Fr |
88
Ra |
103
Lr |
104
Rf |
105
Db |
106
Sg |
107
Bh |
108
Hs |
109
Mt |
110
Ds |
111
Rg |
112
Uub |
113
Uut |
114
Uuq |
115
Uup |
116
Uuh |
117
Uus |
118
Uuo |
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Lantanoidlər |
57
La |
58
Ce |
59
Pr |
60
Nd |
61
Pm |
62
Sm |
63
Eu |
64
Gd |
65
Tb |
66
Dy |
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Ho |
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Er |
69
Tm |
70
Yb |
Aktinoidlər |
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Ac |
90
Th |
91
Pa |
92
U |
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Np |
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Pu |
95
Am |
96
Cm |
97
Bk |
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Cf |
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Es |
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Fm |
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Md |
102
No |
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