Bukit Vatican

Dari Wikipedia Bahasa Melayu, ensiklopedia bebas.




The Bukit Vatican,
a bukit Rom
Dalam Bahasa Latin / Bahasa Itali Vaticanus mons, "vates,is" the root of vaticanus is translated "prophet or seer" in English /
colle Vaticano
Rione Borgo
Bangunan Circus of Nero
Gereja-gereja St Peter's Basilica
Bukit Vatican (left), dilukis pada tahun 1519
Bukit Vatican (left), dilukis pada tahun 1519

Bukit Vatican (dalam Bahasa Latin, Vaticanus Mons) merupakan nama yang diberi pada salah satu bukit yang berada di tepi Sungai Tiber bertentangan dengan ketujuh-tujuh bukit Rom tradisional. Bukit ini dinamakan jauh sebelum permulaan agama Kristian. Bukit ini mungkin merupakan tapak sebuah bandar Etruscan yang dipanggil Vaticum.

Pada abad pertama Selepas Masihi, Bukit Vatican adalah di luar kawasan bandar raya dan boleh bersifatkan circus (the circus of Nero) dan perkuburan. St. Peter's Basilica dibina pada perkuburan ini, tapak tradisional kubur St. Peter the Apostle. Berdekatannya terdapat satu lagi perkuburan yang dibuka kepada awam pada 10 Oktober 2006 untuk memperingatkan ulang tahun ke-500 Muzium Vatican.

The Vatican Hill is not one of the famous seven hills of Rome, although it was included within the city limits of Rome during the reign of Pope Leo IV, who between 848 and 852 A.D. expanded the city walls to protect St. Peter's Basilica and the Vatican. Thus, Vatican Hill has been within the walls and city limits of Rome (until the Lateran Treaties in 1929 it was part the rione of Borgo) for over 1100 years.

Before the Avignon Papacy (1305-1378), the headquarters of the Holy See were located at the Lateran Palace. After the Avignon Papacy the church administration moved to Vatican Hill and the papal palace was (until 1871) the Quirinal Palace, upon the Quirinal Hill. Since 1929 the Vatican Hill has been the headquarters of the State of the Vatican City. However, the cathedral of the Bishop of Rome, the Pope, is not St. Peter's in the Vatican, it remains St. John in Lateran, which is on one of the seven hills of Rome (the Caelian), and is extra-territorially a part of the Vatican city-state. This is the result of the Lateran Treaty signed with the Italian state in 1929, which restored the diplomatic status of the Vatican as an independent city-state, which had been lost in 1860-1870 when Italy seized all papal territories.

Koordinat: 41° 54′13″N, 12° 27′01″E