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Languages of Ghana
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l {{Dialect|Asante}}
{{Dialect|Asante}}
{{Languages of|country=Ghana|official=English<ref name="The Ghanaian Government states that English is the official language">{{cite web|quote=English is the official language of Ghana and is universally used in schools in addition to nine other local languages. The most widely spoken local languages are, Ga, Dagomba, Akan and Ewe.|url=http://www.ghanaembassy.org/index.php?page=language-and-religion|title=Language and Religion|publisher=Ghana Embassy|accessdate=8 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170301155437/https://www.ghanaembassy.org/index.php?page=language-and-religion|archive-date=1 March 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Ghana – 2010 Population and Housing Census">{{cite web|url=http://www.statsghana.gov.gh/docfiles/2010phc/Census2010_Summary_report_of_final_results.pdf|title=Ghana – 2010 Population and Housing Census|work=Government of Ghana|year=2010|accessdate=1 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130925192147/http://www.statsghana.gov.gh/docfiles/2010phc/Census2010_Summary_report_of_final_results.pdf|archive-date=25 September 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>|regional=''Government-sponsored languages:<ref name="NCA">{{cite web|title=The Bureau Of Ghana Languages-BGL|url=http://www.ghanaculture.gov.gh/index1.php?linkid=331&page=2§ionid=602|publisher=National Commission on Culture|year=2006|accessdate=11 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112001558/http://www.ghanaculture.gov.gh/index1.php?linkid=331&page=2§ionid=602|archive-date=12 November 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>''[[Fante dialect|Fante]], [[Akuapem dialect|Akuapem Twi]], [[Asante dialect|Asante Twi]], [[Ewe language|Ewe]], [[Dagaare]], [[Dagomba language|Dagbani]], [[Adangme language|Dangme]], [[Ga language|Ga]], [[Gonja language|Gonja]], [[Kasem language|Kasem]], [[Nzema language|Nzema]]|immigrant=[[Chinese language|Chinese]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Ghana Institute of Languages|url=http://www.gil.edu.gh/web/about-us.php|work=gil.edu.gh|publisher=[[Ghana Institute of Languages]]|accessdate=16 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171005001820/http://www.gil.edu.gh/web/about-us.php|archive-date=5 October 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Standard Hindi|Hindi]],<ref name="IMM">{{cite web|title=Immigration into Ghana Since 1990|url=http://www.oecd.org/dev/poverty/46733734.pdf|publisher=Regional Institute for Population Studies (RIPS), University of Ghana, Legon|year=2012|accessdate=11 November 2013}}</ref> [[Lebanese Arabic]],<ref name="IMM"/>[[Sindhi language|Sindhi]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Indian Community in Ghana|url=http://www.indiahc-ghana.com/pages.php?id=93|work=indiahc-ghana.com|publisher=|accessdate=16 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140708230115/http://www.indiahc-ghana.com/pages.php?id=93|archive-date=8 July 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Yoruba language|Yoruba]]<ref name="IMM"/>|foreign=|sign=[[Ghanaian Sign Language]] <br>([[American Sign Language]]) <br>[[Adamorobe Sign Language]]<br>[[Nanabin Sign Language]]|extralabel=[[Lingua franca]]|extra=[[English Language|English]]}}
[[File:Ghana_Army_Southern_Command.JPG|thumb|230x230px|Aban ahyɛnsodeɛ wɔ brɔfomu wɔ Accra]]
[[Ghana]] yɛ kasahodoɔ man a kasa bɛyɛ aduɔwɔtwe na wɔka wɔmu. Brɔfo kasa a Ghana sodifoɔ de gyaaɛ no abɛyɛ Ghanaman kasapɔn ne dwumadie kasa. Ɔman adehyekasa nyinaa no deɛ Akan na dodoɔ ka.
Ghana nnipakuo bɛboro aduɔson a ɛbiara wɔ ne kasa a ɛda nso. Kasa a nnipakuo bi ka no deɛ ɛmu nnipa hodoɔ nyinaa te aseɛ. Ɛbi te sɛ Dagbanli ne Mampelle kasa a Northern Regionfoɔ ka no, Frafrafoɔ ne Waalifoɔ a ɛwɔ Ghana ha Upper West Region. Kasa nnan yi firi Mole-Dagbani kasakuo mu.
Kasa yi mu dubaako na aban asɔmu de yɔ adwuma: Akan nnipakuo kasa miɛnsa (Akuapem Twi, Asante Twi, ne Fante) ne Mole-Dagbani kasa mienu (Dagaare ne Dagbani). Deɛ ɛka ho no ne Ɛwɛ, Dangme, Ga, Nzema, Gonja, ne Kasem.
== Kasa a aban asɔ mu ==
Kasa a aban asɔmu no yɛ dubaako ana nkron, gyina sɛdeɛ wobɛfa no, sɛ Akuapem Twi, Asante, ne Fante yɛ kasa baako anaasɛ mmiɛnsa. Bureau of Ghana Languages a ɔtee no 1951 na ɔboa kasa no twerɛ ne ne nwomayɔ ne adeɛ. Berɛ a na wɔka Ghana kasa wɔ mfitiaseɛ sukuu no na saa kasa yi na wɔde di dwuma. Saa kasa yi nyinaa ka Niger-Congo kasakuo a ne nkorabata dɔɔso no ho.
=== Akan (Fante, Asante Twi and Akuapem Twi) ===
[[File:Predominant_tribe_in_the_area_-_(Ghana)_LOC_88692692.jpg|thumb|484x484px|A map of Ghana's ethno-linguistic areas.]]
Akan ka Kwa nkorabata a ɛwɔ Niger-Congo kasakuo no ho, na ɛyɛ kasapɔn a ne nsonoɛ no wɔ anoano. Ɛmu miɛnsa na aban agye atomu de yɛ adwuma: Fante, Asante Twi, ne Akuapem Twi. Yɛka Akan afaafa no bomu a ɛno ne kasa a dodoɔ ka wɔ Ghana.
=== Ewe ===
Ɛwɛ yɛ Gbe kasa a Niger-Congo nkorabata Volta-Niger nnipakuo na wɔka. Wɔka Ɛwɛ kasa no wɔ Ghana, Togo ne Benin, ɛna West Nigeria nso ka no kakraa bi.
=== Dagbani ===
Dagbani yɛ Guru kasa no mu baako. Ɛfiri Mole-Dagbani nnipakuo a ɛwɔ Ghana ne Bukina Faso mu no. Dagombafoɔ a ɛwɔ Ghana Northern Region.
=== Dangme ===
Dangme yɛ Ga-Dangme kasa a ɛwɔ Kwa kasapɔn no mu. Greater Accrafoɔ a ɛwɔ Ghana anaafoɔ-nifa soɔ ne Togo.
=== Dagaare ===
Dagaare yɛ Gur kasa no mu baako.Ghana Upper West Regionfoɔ na wɔka. Wɔka no wɔ Burkina Faso nso..
=== Ga ===
Ga yɛ Ga-Dangme kasa a ɛfiri Kwa mu. Wɔka Ga wɔ Ghana anaafoɔ-nifa famu ne Ghana kuropɔn Accra beaɛ hɔnom.
=== Nzema ===
Nzema is one of the [[Central Tano Kasa|Bia languages]], closely related to Akan. It is spoken by the Nzema people in the Western Region of Ghana. It is also spoken in the [[Côte d’Ivoire|Ivory Coast]].
=== Kasem ===
[[Kasena Kasa|Kasem]] is a Gurunsi language, in the Gur branch. It is spoken in the Upper Eastern Region of Ghana. It is also spoken in [[Burkina Faso]].
=== Gonja ===
Gonja is one of the Guang languages, part of the Tano languages within the Kwa branch along with Akan and Bia. It is spoken in the Northern Region of Ghana and Wa
== Kasa ahodoɔ a nnipa dodoɔ ka wɔ Ghana ==
Hyehyɛpono yi gyina nimdeɛ a Ethnologue de ama so.
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Rank
!Language
!Speakers
|-
|1
|[[English]]
|9,800,000
|-
|2
|[[Akan]] ([[Fante]]/[[Twi]])
|9,100,000
|-
|3
|Ghanaian Pidgin English
|5,000,000
|-
|4
|Ewe
|3,820,000
|-
|5
|Abron
|1,170,000
|-
|6
|Dagbani
|1,160,000
|-
|7
|Dangme
|1,020,000
|-
|8
|Dagaare
|924,000
|-
|9
|Konkomba
|831,000
|-
|10
|Ga
|745,000
|-
|11
|Farefare
|638,000
|-
|12
|Kusaal
|535,000
|-
|13
|Mampruli
|316,000
|-
|14
|Gonja
|310,000
|-
|15
|Sehwi
|305,000
|-
|16
|Nzema
|299,000
|-
|17
|Wasa
|273,000
|-
|18
|Sisaala, Tumulung
|219,000
|-
|19
|Sisaala, Western
|219,000
|-
|20
|Bimoba
|176,000
|-
|21
|Ahanta
|175,000
|-
|22
|Ntcham
|169,000
|-
|23
|Buli
|168,000
|-
|24
|Bisa
|166,000
|-
|25
|Kasem
|149,000
|-
|26
|Tem
|134,000
|-
|27
|Cherepon
|132,000
|-
|28
|Birifor, Southern
|125,000
|-
|29
|Anufo
|91,300
|-
|30
|Wali
|84,800
|-
|31
|Larteh
|74,000
|-
|32
|Siwu
|71,900
|-
|33
|Chumburung
|69,000
|-
|34
|Anyin
|66,400
|-
|35
|Nafaanra
|61,000
|-
|36
|Krache
|58,000
|-
|37
|Lelemi
|48,900
|-
|38
|Deg
|42,900
|-
|39
|Paasaal
|36,000
|-
|40
|Kabre, (language kabre)
|35,642
|-
|41
|Avatime
|27,200
|-
|42
|Kulango, Bondoukou
|27,000
|-
|43
|Sekpele
|23,000
|-
|44
|Delo
|18,400
|-
|45
|Jwira-Pepesa
|18,000
|-
|46
|Gua
|17,600
|-
|47
|Tampulma
|16,000
|-
|48
|Kulango, Bouna
|15,500
|-
|49
|Ligbi
|15,000
|-
|50
|Nawuri
|14,000
|-
|51
|Vagla
|13,900
|-
|52
|Tuwuli
|11,400
|-
|53
|Selee
|11,300
|-
|54
|Adele
|11,000
|-
|55
|Nkonya
|11,000
|-
|56
|Gikyode
|10,400
|-
|57
|Dwang
|8,200
|-
|58
|Akposo
|7,500
|-
|59
|Logba
|7,500
|-
|60
|Nkami
|7,000
|-
|61
|Hanga
|6,800
|-
|62
|Nyangbo
|6,400
|-
|63
|Chakali
|6,000
|-
|64
|Ghanaian Sign Language
|6,000
|-
|65
|Safaliba
|5,000
|-
|66
|Tafi
|4,400
|-
|67
|Fulfulde, Maasina
|4,240
|-
|68
|Adangbe/Dangbe
|4,000
|-
|69
|Konni
|3,800
|-
|70
|Adamorobe Sigh Language
|3,500
|-
|71
|Chala
|3,000
|-
|72
|Kamara
|3,000
|-
|73
|Kantosi
|2,300
|-
|74
|Kusuntu
|2,100
|-
|75
|Nchumbulu
|1,800
|-
|76
|Kplang
|1,600
|-
|77
|Dompo
|970
|-
|78
|Animere
|700
|-
|79
|Hausa
|Unclear
|-
|80
|Lama
|Unclear
|-
|81
|Nawdm
|Unclear
|}
== Kasa Nkyekyɛmu ==
The language of Ghana belong to the following branches within the Niger–Congo language family:
* Kwa languages (Akan, Bia, Guang in Tano; Ga and Adangme)
* Gbe languages (Ewe)
* Gur languages (Gurunsi, Dagbani, Mossi, Dagaare, and Frafra in Oti–Volta)
* Senufo languages (Nafaanra)
* Kulango languages
* Mande languages (Wangara, Ligbi)
Older classifications may instead group them as Kwa, Gur, and Mande.
== Hwɛ yei nso ==
* [[Ghana]]
* Demographics of Ghana
* Ghanaian English
== Nkekahoɔ ==
{{Reflist}}
== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120828183503/http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=Ghana Ethnologue listing for Ghana]
* [http://www.ethnologue.com/show_map.asp?name=GH&seq=10 Ethnologue map of languages in Ghana]
* [http://www.lingref.com/cpp/acal/35/paper1298.pdf Owu-Ewie, Charles. 2006. The Language Policy of Education in Ghana: A Critical Look at the English-Only Language Policy of Education. In Selected Proceedings of the 35th Annual Conference on African Linguistics, ed. John Mugane et al., 76-85. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings Project.]
* [http://www.panafril10n.org/wikidoc/pmwiki.php/PanAfrLoc/Ghana PanAfrican L10n wiki page on Ghana]
* [http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/afrique/ghana.htm ''L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde'' page on Ghana]
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