ውክፔዲያ amwiki https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%8B%E1%8A%93%E1%8B%8D_%E1%8C%88%E1%8C%BD MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.19 first-letter ፋይል ልዩ ውይይት አባል አባል ውይይት ውክፔዲያ ውክፔዲያ ውይይት ስዕል ስዕል ውይይት መልዕክት መልዕክት ውይይት መለጠፊያ መለጠፊያ ውይይት እርዳታ እርዳታ ውይይት መደብ መደብ ውይይት በር በር ውይይት TimedText TimedText talk ሞጁል ሞጁል ውይይት Event Event talk 0 15551 395036 394786 2026-09-11T15:43:47Z ~2026-49397-43 60576 395036 wikitext text/x-wiki [[ስዕል:YouTube 2024.svg|right|frameless|alt=opn|alyas]] '''ዩ ቱብ''' በ[[ኮምፒዩተር]] የመጀመሪያውን ሙሉ ተንቀሳቃሽ ምሥል ማሳየት የቻለ ድረ ገጽ ነው። ድረ ገጹን ከዚህ የሚቀጥለውን ሊንክ ተጭነው ይመልከቱት። ዩቲዩብ በGoogle ባለቤትነት የተያዘ የአሜሪካ የመስመር ላይ ቪዲዮ ማጋሪያ መድረክ ነው። በአለምአቀፍ ደረጃ ተደራሽ፣[ማስታወሻ 1] ዩቲዩብ በፌብሩዋሪ 14፣ 2005 በSteve Chen፣ Chad Hurley እና Jawed Karim፣ በሦስት የቀድሞ የፔይፓል ሰራተኞች ተሰራ። ዋና መሥሪያ ቤቱን በሳን ብሩኖ፣ ካሊፎርኒያ፣ ዩናይትድ ስቴትስ፣ ከጎግል ፍለጋ ቀጥሎ በዓለም ላይ በብዛት የተጎበኘው ድህረ ገጽ ነው። YouTube በየቀኑ ከአንድ ቢሊዮን ሰአታት በላይ ቪዲዮዎችን በጋራ የሚመለከቱ ከ2.5 ቢሊዮን በላይ ወርሃዊ ተጠቃሚዎች አሉት።[7] ከሜይ 2019 ጀምሮ ቪዲዮዎች በደቂቃ ከ500 ሰአታት በላይ ይዘት ባለው ፍጥነት ወደ መድረክ እየተሰቀሉ ነበር [8][9] እና ከ2021 ጀምሮ በአጠቃላይ ወደ 14 ቢሊዮን የሚጠጉ ቪዲዮዎች ነበሩ።[9] በጥቅምት 2006፣ ዩቲዩብ በ1.65 ቢሊዮን ዶላር (በ2023 ከ2.31 ቢሊዮን ዶላር ጋር እኩል) በGoogle ተገዛ።[10] ጎግል ከማስታወቂያዎች ብቻ ገቢ የሚያስገኝበትን የዩቲዩብን የንግድ ሞዴል አስፍቶ የሚከፈልበትን እንደ ፊልሞች እና በዩቲዩብ የተዘጋጁ ልዩ ይዘቶችን ለማቅረብ። እንዲሁም ያለማስታወቂያ ይዘት ለመመልከት የሚከፈልበት የደንበኝነት ምዝገባ አማራጭ የሆነውን YouTube Premium ያቀርባል። ዩቲዩብ የጎግል አድሴንስ ፕሮግራምን አካቷል፣ ለYouTube እና ለተፈቀደላቸው የይዘት ፈጣሪዎች ተጨማሪ ገቢ አስገኝቷል። በ2022፣ የዩቲዩብ አመታዊ የማስታወቂያ ገቢ ወደ 29.2 ቢሊዮን ዶላር አድጓል ይህም ከ2020 ከ9 ቢሊዮን ዶላር በላይ ብልጫ አለው።[1][11] ዩቲዩብ በጎግል ከተገዛበት ጊዜ ጀምሮ ከዋናው ድረ-ገጽ ባሻገር ወደ ሞባይል አፕሊኬሽኖች፣ የአውታረ መረብ ቴሌቪዥን እና ከሌሎች መድረኮች ጋር የመገናኘት ችሎታ ተዘርግቷል። በዩቲዩብ ላይ ያሉ የቪዲዮ ምድቦች የሙዚቃ ቪዲዮዎችን፣ የቪዲዮ ክሊፖችን፣ ዜናዎችን፣ አጫጭር እና ባህሪ ያላቸው ፊልሞችን፣ ዘፈኖችን፣ ዘጋቢ ፊልሞችን፣ የፊልም ማስታወቂያዎችን፣ ቲሴሮችን እና የቲቪ ቦታዎችን፣ የቀጥታ ስርጭቶችን፣ ቪሎጎችን እና ሌሎችንም ያካትታሉ። አብዛኛው ይዘት የሚመነጨው በ"YouTubers" እና በድርጅት ስፖንሰሮች መካከል ያለውን ትብብር ጨምሮ በግለሰቦች ነው። የተቋቋሙት የሚዲያ፣ ዜና እና መዝናኛ ኮርፖሬሽኖች ብዙ ተመልካቾችን ለመድረስ በዩቲዩብ ቻናሎች ላይ ታይነታቸውን ፈጥረዋል እና አስፍተዋል። ዩቲዩብ ከዚህ በፊት ታይቶ የማይታወቅ ማህበራዊ ተጽእኖ አሳድሯል፣ ታዋቂ ባህል፣ የኢንተርኔት አዝማሚያዎች እና ባለብዙ ሚሊየነር ታዋቂ ሰዎችን መፍጠር። መድረኩ ምንም እንኳን እድገትና ስኬት ቢኖረውም አንዳንድ ጊዜ የተሳሳቱ መረጃዎችን ለማስፋፋት ፣የቅጂ መብት ያለው ይዘትን ለማጋራት ፣የተጠቃሚዎችን ግላዊነት በመጣስ ፣ሳንሱርን በማስቻል ፣የህፃናትን ደህንነት እና ደህንነትን አደጋ ላይ የሚጥል ፣እና ወጥነት የጎደለው ወይም የተሳሳተ የመድረክ አተገባበርን በማሳተፍ ትችት ይሰነዘርበታል። == ታዋቂ የዩቲዩብ ተጠቃሚ == [[HIKAKIN]] [[ቻይናሚ ዶኩጋይ]] == ድር ጣቢያ == * http://www.youtube.com * http://m.youtube.com sira [[መደብ:ኢንተርኔት]] 1ywiwwpgmcbb4wx4k6i35xv5cpw8q0s 0 54141 395048 395016 2026-09-12T00:57:26Z InternetArchiveBot 35471 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 395048 wikitext text/x-wiki [[ስዕል:Bibliometrics definition.svg|thumb|426x426px]] '''የኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ''' (የመረጃ ጥናቶች በመባልም ይታወቃል) በዋነኛነት በመተንተን፣ በመሰብሰብ፣ በመመደብ፣ በማታለል፣ በማከማቸት፣ በማንሳት፣ በመንቀሳቀስ፣ በማሰራጨት እና በ[[የመረጃ ኅብረተሠብ|መረጃ]] ጥበቃ ላይ የሚያተኩር የ[[ትምህርት]] መስክ ነው።[1] በመስክ ውስጥ እና ከውጪ ያሉ ባለሙያዎች የመረጃ ስርአቶችን የመፍጠር፣ የመተካት፣ የማሻሻል ወይም የመረዳት አላማ በሰዎች፣ በድርጅቶች እና በማናቸውም ነባር የመረጃ ስርዓቶች መካከል ካለው መስተጋብር በተጨማሪ በድርጅቶች ውስጥ የ[[እውቀት]] አተገባበር እና አጠቃቀም ያጠናል። ከታሪክ አኳያ [[የመረጃ ሳይንስ]] (ኢንፎርማቲክስ) ከ[[ኮምፒዩተር ሳይንስ]]፣ ከዳታ ሳይንስ፣ ከ[[ሥነ-ልቦና|ሥነ ልቦና፣]] ከ[[ቴክኖዎሎጂ|ቴክኖሎጂ]]፣ ከቤተመፃህፍት ሳይንስ፣ ከጤና አጠባበቅ እና ከስለላ ኤጀንሲዎች ጋር የተያያዘ ነው።[2] ሆኖም፣ የመረጃ ሳይንስ እንደ አርኪቫል ሳይንስ፣ የግንዛቤ ሳይንስ፣ [[ንግድ]]፣ [[ህግ]]፣ የቋንቋ ሳይንስ፣ ሙዚዮሎጂ፣ አስተዳደር፣ [[ሂሳብ]]፣ [[ፍልስፍና]]፣ የህዝብ ፖሊሲ ​​እና ማህበራዊ ሳይንሶች ያሉ የተለያዩ ዘርፎችን ያካትታል። == መሠረቶች == '''ወሰን እና ቅርብ''' የኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ ችግሮችን ከሚመለከታቸው ባለድርሻ አካላት አንፃር በመረዳት መረጃን እና ሌሎች ቴክኖሎጂዎችን እንደ አስፈላጊነቱ በመተግበር ላይ ያተኩራል። በሌላ አገላለጽ፣ በዚያ ሥርዓት ውስጥ ካሉ የ[[ቴክኖሎጂ]] ክፍሎች ይልቅ በመጀመሪያ የስርዓት ችግሮችን ይፈታል ማለት ነው። በዚህ ረገድ አንድ ሰው የመረጃ ሳይንስን ለቴክኖሎጂ ቆራጥነት ምላሽ አድርጎ ማየት ይችላል, ቴክኖሎጂ "በራሱ ህጎች ያድጋል, የራሱን እምቅ ችሎታ የሚገነዘበው, በሚገኙ ቁሳዊ ሀብቶች እና በገንቢዎቹ ፈጠራ ብቻ የተገደበ ነው. ስለዚህ ሁሉንም ሌሎች የህብረተሰብ ስርአቶችን የሚቆጣጠር እና የሚያሰራጭ ራሱን የቻለ ስርዓት ተደርጎ ይወሰድ።"[3] '''ፍቺዎች''' የመጀመሪያው የታወቀው "የመረጃ ሳይንስ" ቃል አጠቃቀም በ1955 ነበር።[4] የኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ ቀደምት ፍቺ (ወደ 1968 የአሜሪካ ሰነድ ኢንስቲትዩት እራሱን የአሜሪካ የመረጃ ሳይንስ እና ቴክኖሎጂ ማህበር ብሎ የሰየመበት አመት) እንዲህ ይላል። "የኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ የመረጃ ባህሪ እና ባህሪን ፣ የመረጃ ፍሰትን የሚቆጣጠሩ ሀይሎችን እና የመረጃ አያያዝ ዘዴዎችን ለተመቻቸ ተደራሽነት እና አጠቃቀም የሚመረምር ዲሲፕሊን ነው ። አመጣጡን ፣ አሰባሰብን በሚመለከት የእውቀት አካልን ይመለከታል። አደረጃጀት፣ ማከማቻ፣ ሰርስሮ ማውጣት፣ አተረጓጎም፣ ማስተላለፍ፣ መለወጥ እና መረጃን መጠቀም ይህ በተፈጥሮም ሆነ በአርቴፊሻል ሲስተም ውስጥ ያሉ የመረጃ ውክልናዎች ትክክለኛነት፣ የተቀላጠፈ መልእክት ለማስተላለፍ ኮዶችን መጠቀም እና የመረጃ ማቀነባበሪያ መሳሪያዎችን እና ቴክኒኮችን ማጥናትን ያጠቃልላል። እንደ ኮምፒውተር እና የፕሮግራም አወጣጥ ስርዓታቸው፡ ከሂሳብ፣ ከሎጂክ፣ ከቋንቋ፣ ከስነ ልቦና፣ ከኮምፒዩተር ቴክኖሎጂ፣ ከኦፕሬሽን ምርምር፣ ከግራፊክ ጥበብ፣ ከግንኙነት፣ ከማኔጅመንት እና ከሌሎች ተመሳሳይ ዘርፎች የተገኘ እና ተያያዥነት ያለው ኢንተርዲሲፕሊናዊ ሳይንስ ነው። አፕሊኬሽኑን ሳይመለከት ጉዳዩን የሚጠይቅ ንጹህ የሳይንስ ክፍል እና አገልግሎቶችን እና ምርቶችን የሚያዳብር ተግባራዊ ሳይንስ አካል። (ቦርኮ 1968፣ ገጽ 3) [5] '''የመረጃ ፍልስፍና''' የመረጃ ፍልስፍና በ[[ስነ-ልቦና]]፣ በ[[ኮምፒውተር ሳይንስ]]፣ በኢንፎርሜሽን ቴክኖሎጂ እና በ[[ፍልስፍና]] መገናኛ ላይ የሚነሱ ፅንሰ-ሀሳባዊ ጉዳዮችን ያጠናል። ተለዋዋጭ ሁኔታዎችን ፣ አጠቃቀሙን እና ሳይንሶችን እንዲሁም የመረጃ-ንድፈ-ሀሳባዊ እና ስሌት ዘዴዎችን በፍልስፍና ችግሮቹ ላይ ማብራራት እና መተግበርን ጨምሮ የፅንሰ-ሀሳባዊ ተፈጥሮ እና የመረጃ መሰረታዊ መርሆችን መመርመርን ያጠቃልላል።[10] == ሙያዎች == '''የመረጃ ሳይንቲስት''' የኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንቲስት ግለሰብ ነው፣ ብዙውን ጊዜ ተዛማጅነት ያለው የትምህርት አይነት ዲግሪ ወይም ከፍተኛ የትምህርት ደረጃ ያለው፣ በኢንዱስትሪ ውስጥ ላሉ ሳይንሳዊ እና ቴክኒካል ምርምር ሰራተኞች ወይም መምህራንን እና ተማሪዎችን በአካዳሚ ትምህርት የሚሰጥ መረጃ የሚሰጥ ነው። የኢንደስትሪው *የመረጃ ስፔሻሊስት/ሳይንቲስት* እና የአካዳሚክ መረጃ ርዕሰ ጉዳይ ስፔሻሊስት/ላይብረሪያን በአጠቃላይ ተመሳሳይ የርእሰ-ጉዳይ ዳራ ስልጠና አላቸው፣ነገር ግን የአካዳሚክ ቦታ ያዡ ሁለተኛ ዲግሪ (MLS/MI/MA in IS, e.g.) እንዲይዝ ይጠበቅበታል። ከርዕሰ ጉዳይ ማስተር በተጨማሪ በመረጃ እና በቤተመጻሕፍት ጥናቶች። ርዕሱ በኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ ላይ ምርምር የሚያደርግ ግለሰብንም ይመለከታል። '''የስርዓት ተንታኝ''' የስርዓት ተንታኝ ለአንድ የተወሰነ ፍላጎት የመረጃ ስርዓቶችን በመፍጠር፣ በመንደፍ እና በማሻሻል ላይ ይሰራል። ብዙ ጊዜ የስርዓት ተንታኞች በድርጅቱ (ዎች) ውስጥ ቅልጥፍናን እና [[ምርታማነት]]ን ለማሻሻል ድርጅታዊ ሂደቶችን እና መረጃን የማግኘት ቴክኒኮችን ለመገምገም እና ለመተግበር ከአንድ ወይም ከዚያ በላይ ከሆኑ ንግዶች ጋር ይሰራሉ። '''የመረጃ ባለሙያ''' የመረጃ ባለሙያ ማለት መረጃን የሚጠብቅ፣ የሚያደራጅ እና የሚያሰራጭ ግለሰብ ነው። የመረጃ ባለሙያዎች የተቀዳ እውቀትን በማደራጀት እና በማንሳት የተካኑ ናቸው። በተለምዶ ሥራቸው ከሕትመት ዕቃዎች ጋር ነው, ነገር ግን እነዚህ ችሎታዎች በኤሌክትሮኒክስ, ምስላዊ, ኦዲዮ እና ዲጂታል ቁሳቁሶች እየጨመሩ መጥተዋል. የመረጃ ባለሙያዎች በተለያዩ የህዝብ፣ የግል፣ ለትርፍ ያልተቋቋሙ እና የትምህርት ተቋማት ውስጥ ይሰራሉ። የመረጃ ባለሙያዎችም በድርጅታዊ እና በኢንዱስትሪ ሁኔታዎች ውስጥ ሊገኙ ይችላሉ. የስርዓት ንድፍ እና ልማት እና የስርዓት ትንተና የሚያካትቱ ሚናዎችን ማከናወን። == ታሪክ == '''ቀደምት ጅምር''' የኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ መረጃን መሰብሰብ፣ መመደብ፣ ማጭበርበር፣ ማከማቻ፣ ሰርስሮ ማውጣት እና ማሰራጨት በማጥናት የሰው ልጅ የ[[እውቀት]] ክምችት ውስጥ ነው። የመረጃ ትንተና የተካሄደው ቢያንስ በአሦር ኢምፓየር ዘመን ባሁኑ ጊዜ [[ቤተ መጻሕፍት]] እና መዛግብት በመባል የሚታወቁት የ[[ባህል]] ማስቀመጫዎች ብቅ እያሉ ነው።[14] በተቋም ደረጃ የኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ በ19ኛው ክፍለ ዘመን ከሌሎች በርካታ የማህበራዊ ሳይንስ ዘርፎች ጋር ብቅ አለ። እንደ ሳይንስ ግን በሳይንስ [[ታሪክ]] ውስጥ ተቋማዊ ሥረ መሰረቱን ያገኘው በ1665 በሮያል ሶሳይቲ ([[ለንደን|ሎንዶን]]) የ[[ፍልስፍና]] ግብይቶች የመጀመሪያ እትሞችን ባጠቃላይ እንደ መጀመሪያው ሳይንሳዊ መጽሔት ከታተመ ጀምሮ ነው። የሳይንስ ተቋማዊነት በ [[18ኛው ምዕተ ዓመት|18 ኛው ክፍለ ዘመን]] ውስጥ ተከስቷል. እ.ኤ.አ. በ1731 [[ቤንጃሚን ፍራንክሊን]] በሕዝባዊ ዜጎች ቡድን ባለቤትነት የተያዘውን የ[[ፊላዴልፊያ]] ላይብረሪ ካምፓኒ አቋቋመ፣ እሱም በፍጥነት ከመጻሕፍት ግዛት አልፎ የሳይንሳዊ ሙከራ ማዕከል የሆነው እና የህዝብ ሳይንሳዊ ሙከራዎችን ያቀረበ።[15] ] ቤንጃሚን ፍራንክሊን በ[[ማሣቹሰትስ|ማሳቹሴትስ]] ከተማ ለሁሉም በነጻ እንዲገኝ ድምጽ የሰጠችውን የመፅሃፍ ስብስብ በ[[ማሣቹሰትስ|ማሳቹሴትስ]] ላይ ኢንቨስት አድርጓል።[16] አካዳሚ ደ ቺሩርጊያ ([[ፓሪስ]]) በ1736 የመጀመሪያው የ[[ሕክምና]] መጽሔት ተብሎ የሚታሰበውን Memoires pour les Chirurgiens አሳተመ። በሮያል ሶሳይቲ ([[ለንደን|ሎንዶን]]) ላይ የተቀረጸው የ[[አሜሪካ]] የፍልስፍና ማህበር በ1743 በ[[ፊላዴልፊያ|ፊላደልፊያ]] ተቋቋመ። እንደ ሌሎች በርካታ ሳይንሳዊ መጽሔቶች እና ማህበረሰቦች ተመስርተው፣ አሎይስ ሴኔፌልደር በ1796 በ[[ጀርመን]] ውስጥ በጅምላ ማተሚያ ስራ ላይ የሚውል የሊቶግራፊን ፅንሰ-ሀሳብ አዳብረዋል። == ማህበራዊ ሚዲያ በሰዎች እና በኢንዱስትሪ ላይ የሚያሳድረው ተጽዕኖ == የማህበራዊ ሚዲያ ኔትወርኮች ብዙ ጊዜ ወይም ባህላዊ የመረጃ ስርጭት መዳረሻ ላላቸው ሰዎች ክፍት የመረጃ አካባቢን ይሰጣሉ፣ "[26] የማህበራዊ ሚዲያ ውህደት እንደ የመዳረሻ ነጥብ ለተጠቃሚዎች እና አቅራቢዎች በጣም ጠቃሚ እና ሁለገብ ጠቃሚ መሳሪያ ነው። ሁሉም ዋና ዋና የዜና አቅራቢዎች ታይነት እና እንደ [[ፌስቡክ]] እና [[ትዊተር]] ባሉ አውታረ መረቦች በኩል የተመልካቾችን ስፋት ከፍ በማድረግ የመድረሻ ነጥብ አላቸው። በማህበራዊ ሚዲያ ሰዎች መረጃን በሚያውቁት ሰዎች ይመራሉ ወይም ይሰጣሉ። "በ...ይዘት ላይ ማጋራት፣ ላይክ እና አስተያየት የመስጠት" [28] መቻል ተደራሽነቱን ከባህላዊ ዘዴዎች የበለጠ እና ሰፊ ያደርገዋል። ሰዎች ከመረጃ ጋር መገናኘት ይወዳሉ፣ የሚያውቋቸውን ሰዎች በእውቀት ክበባቸው ውስጥ ማካተት ያስደስታቸዋል። በማህበራዊ ሚዲያ ማጋራት በጣም ተደማጭነት ስላለው አሳታሚዎች ስኬታማ ለመሆን ከፈለጉ "በጥሩ መጫወት" አለባቸው። ምንም እንኳን ሁለቱንም የተጠቃሚ መሰረት ተሞክሮዎች ለማሻሻል ብዙ ጊዜ ለአሳታሚዎች እና ፌስቡክ "አዲስ ይዘትን ማጋራት፣ ማስተዋወቅ እና ይፋ ማድረግ"[28] በጋራ ይጠቅማል። የብዙዎች አስተያየት ተጽእኖ ሊታሰብ በማይቻል መንገድ ሊሰራጭ ይችላል. ማህበራዊ ሚዲያ በቀላሉ ለመማር እና በመሳሪያዎች ተደራሽነት መስተጋብር ይፈቅዳል። ዎል ስትሪት ጆርናል በፌስቡክ በኩል መተግበሪያን ያቀርባል፣ እና ዋሽንግተን ፖስት አንድ እርምጃ ወደ ፊት ሄዶ በ6 ወራት ውስጥ በ19.5 ሚሊዮን ተጠቃሚዎች የወረደ ራሱን የቻለ ማህበራዊ መተግበሪያ ያቀርባል፣ መረጃ. == የምርምር ዘርፎች እና መተግበሪያዎች == የኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ የሚመረምረው እና የሚያዳብርባቸው የሚከተሉት ዘርፎች ናቸው። '''የመረጃ ተደራሽነት''' የመረጃ ተደራሽነት የኢንፎርማቲክስ፣ የኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ፣ የኢንፎርሜሽን ደህንነት፣ የቋንቋ ቴክኖሎጂ እና የ[[ኮምፒውተር ሳይንስ]] መገናኛ ላይ የምርምር መስክ ነው። የመረጃ ተደራሽነት [[ጥናት]] ዓላማዎች ብዙ እና ያልተጠቀሙ መረጃዎችን በራስ ሰር ማቀናበር እና የተጠቃሚዎችን ተደራሽነት ቀላል ማድረግ ነው። መብቶችን ስለመስጠት እና ያልተፈቀዱ ተጠቃሚዎችን መዳረሻ ስለመገደብስ? የተደራሽነት መጠን ለመረጃው በተሰጠው የማረጋገጫ ደረጃ መገለጽ አለበት። ተፈፃሚነት ያላቸው ቴክኖሎጂዎች መረጃን ማግኘት፣ የጽሑፍ ማዕድን ማውጣት፣ የጽሑፍ ማረም፣ የማሽን ትርጉም እና የጽሑፍ ምድብ ያካትታሉ። በውይይት ውስጥ፣ የመረጃ ተደራሽነት ብዙውን ጊዜ የነጻ እና የተዘጋ ወይም የህዝብ የመረጃ ተደራሽነት መድንን በሚመለከት ይገለጻል እና በቅጂ መብት፣ በፓተንት [[ሕግ|ህግ]] እና በህዝባዊ አገልግሎት ላይ በሚደረጉ ውይይቶች ይነሳል። የህዝብ ቤተ መፃህፍት የመረጃ ማረጋገጫ [[እውቀት]]ን ለመስጠት ግብዓቶችን ይፈልጋሉ። '''መረጃ መፈለግ''' መረጃ መፈለግ በ[[ሰው]] እና በ[[ቴክኖዎሎጂ|ቴክኖሎጂ]] ሁኔታዎች ውስጥ መረጃን ለማግኘት የመሞከር ሂደት ወይም እንቅስቃሴ ነው። መረጃ መፈለግ ከመረጃ ማግኛ (IR) ጋር የተያያዘ ነው ነገር ግን የተለየ ነው። ብዙ የቤተ-መጻህፍት እና የመረጃ ሳይንስ (LIS) ምርምር በተለያዩ የሙያ ስራዎች መስክ ውስጥ ባሉ ባለሙያዎች መረጃ ፍለጋ ልምዶች ላይ ያተኮረ ነው. የቤተ-መጻህፍት ባለሙያዎች፣[35] ምሁራን፣[36] የህክምና ባለሙያዎች፣ [37] መሐንዲሶች [38] እና ጠበቆች [39] (ሌሎችም መካከል) መረጃ የመፈለግ ባህሪ ላይ ጥናቶች ተካሂደዋል። አብዛኛው ይህ ጥናት በሌኪ፣ ፔትግሪው (አሁን ፊሸር) እና ሲልቫን በ1996 የኤልአይኤስን ስነ-ጽሁፍ (እንዲሁም የሌሎች አካዳሚያዊ መስኮች ስነ-ጽሁፍ) የባለሙያዎችን መረጃ በመፈለግ ላይ ሰፊ ግምገማ ባደረጉት ስራ ላይ ተወስዷል። '''የእውቀት ውክልና እና ምክንያታዊነት''' የእውቀት ውክልና (KR) እውቀትን በምልክቶች ውስጥ ለመወከል የታለመ የሰው ሰራሽ ኢንተለጀንስ ጥናት አካባቢ ሲሆን ከእነዚህ የ[[እውቀት]] ክፍሎች መረዳትን ለማመቻቸት እና አዳዲስ የእውቀት ክፍሎችን መፍጠር። KR ከስር የእውቀት ሞዴል ወይም የእውቀት መሰረት ስርዓት (KBS) እንደ የትርጉም አውታረመረብ ነጻ እንዲሆን ማድረግ ይቻላል።[42]የ[[እውቀት]] ውክልና (KR) ምርምር እንዴት በትክክል እና በትክክል ማመዛዘን እንደሚቻል እና በእውቀት ጎራ ውስጥ ያሉ የእውነታዎችን ስብስብ ለመወከል የምልክት ስብስቦችን እንዴት መጠቀም እንደሚቻል ላይ ትንተናን ያካትታል። የምልክት መዝገበ ቃላት እና የአመክንዮ ስርዓት አንድ ላይ ተጣምረው በKR ውስጥ ስላሉት ንጥረ ነገሮች ግምቶችን ለማስቻል አዲስ የKR ዓረፍተ ነገሮችን ለመፍጠር። አመክንዮ የማመዛዘን ተግባራት በKR ስርዓት ውስጥ ባሉ ምልክቶች ላይ እንዴት መተግበር እንዳለባቸው መደበኛ ትርጓሜዎችን ለማቅረብ ይጠቅማል። አመክንዮ ኦፕሬተሮች እንዴት እውቀቱን እንደሚያስኬዱ እና እንደሚያሻሽሉ ለመግለጽ ጥቅም ላይ ይውላል። የኦፕሬተሮች እና ኦፕሬሽኖች ምሳሌዎች፣ አሉታዊነት፣ ትስስር፣ ተውላጠ-ቃላት፣ ቅጽሎች፣ ኳንቲፊየሮች እና ሞዳል ኦፕሬተሮችን ያካትታሉ። [[ስነ አምክንዮ|አመክንዮ]]ው የትርጓሜ ቲዎሪ ነው። እነዚህ ንጥረ ነገሮች-ምልክቶች፣ ኦፕሬተሮች እና የትርጓሜ ፅንሰ-ሀሳብ በKR ውስጥ የምልክቶችን ቅደም ተከተል የሚሰጡ ናቸው። == ዋቢዎች == # Stock, W.G., & Stock, M. (2013) https://books.google.com/books?id=d1PnBQAAQBAJ&q=%22information+science%22 Berlin, Boston, MA: De Gruyter Saur. # Yan, Xue-Shan (2011-07-23) https://doi.org/10.3390%2Finfo2030510 ''Information''. '''2''' (3): 510–527. https://doi.org/10.3390%2Finfo2030510 # https://web.archive.org/web/20111112233108/http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/ASC/TECHNO_DETER.html Principia Cibernetica Web. Archived from http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/ASC/Techno_deter.html {{Wayback|url=http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/ASC/Techno_deter.html |date=20111112233108 }} on 2011-11-12. Retrieved 2011-11-28. # https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/information%20science ''www.merriam-webster.com''. Archived from the original on 2017-09-25. Retrieved 2017-09-25. # Borko, H. (1968). Information science: What is it? ''American Documentation'' 19(1), 3¬5. # Luciano Floridi, http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/pci/downloads/introduction.pdf {{Wayback|url=http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/pci/downloads/introduction.pdf |date=20121009171740 }} 2012-03-16 at the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine ''Metaphilosophy'', 2002, (33), 1/2 # Garshol, L. M. (2004)https://web.archive.org/web/20081017174807/http://www.ontopia.net/topicmaps/materials/tm-vs-thesauri.html#N773 ''Archived from'' http://www.ontopia.net/topicmaps/materials/tm-vs-thesauri.html#N773 ''on 17 October 2008. Retrieved 13 October 2008.'' # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Gruber (June 1993). http://tomgruber.org/writing/ontolingua-kaj-1993.pdf https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_Acquisition'''5''' (2): 199–220 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CiteSeerX_(identifier) https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.101.7493 from the original on 2008-12-17. Retrieved 2012-04-29. # Arvidsson, F.; Flycht-Eriksson, A.https://web.archive.org/web/20081217030507/http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }} Archived from http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf<nowiki/>PDF) on 17 December 2008. Retrieved 26 November 2008 # Reichman, F. (1961). Notched Cards. In R. Shaw (Ed.), The state of the library art (Volume 4, Part 1, pp. 11–55). New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers, The State University, Graduate School of Library Service # Emard, J. P. (1976). "An information science chronology in perspective". ''Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science''. '''2''' (8): 51–56. # Smith, E. S. (1993). "On the shoulders of giants: From Boole to Shannon to Taube: The origins and development of computerized information from the mid-19th century to the present". ''Information Technology and Libraries''. '''12''' (2): 217–226. # Skolnik, H (1976). "Milestones in chemical information science: Award symposium on contributions of the Division of Chemical Literature (Information) to the Chemical Society". ''Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences''. '''16''' (4): 187–193. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier) https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fci60008a001 == ምንጮች == * Borko, H. (1968)."የመረጃ ሳይንስ: ምንድን ነው?". የአሜሪካ ሰነድ. ዊሊ. 19 (1)፡ 3–5.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier) https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fasi.5090190103 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0096-946X * Leckie, Gloria J.; Pettigrew, Karen E.; Sylvain, Christian (1996).https://semanticscholar.org/paper/4a6306d8d099966ffde9f3a0e4d11272727be601''Library Quarterly''. '''66''' (2): 161–193.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier) https://doi.org/10.1086%2F602864 * Wark, McKenzie (1997). ''The Virtual Republic''. Allen & Unwin, St Leonards * Wilkinson, Margaret A (2001). "ችግርን ለመፍታት በጠበቆች የሚጠቀሙባቸው የመረጃ ምንጮች፡ ተጨባጭ ዳሰሳ". ''Library & Information Science Research''. '''23''' (3): 257–276 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier) https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fs0740-8188%2801%2900082-2 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S2CID_(identifier) https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:59067811 == ተጨማሪ ንባብ == * Khosrow-Pour, Mehdi (2005-03-22). የመረጃ ሳይንስ እና ቴክኖሎጂ ኢንሳይክሎፔዲያ. የሃሳብ ቡድን ማጣቀሻ. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59140-553-5 == ውጫዊ አገናኞች == * https://www.asist.org/ "በኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ ልምምድ እና በምርምር መካከል ያለውን ልዩነት የሚያጠናቅቅ የባለሙያ ማህበር። ASIS & T አባላት የኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ፣ ኮምፒውተር ሳይንስ፣ ሊንጉስቲክስ፣ አስተዳደር፣ ላይብረሪያንሺፕ፣ ምህንድስና፣ የውሂብ ሳይንስ፣ የመረጃ አርክቴክቸር፣ ህግ፣ ህክምና፣ ኬሚስትሪ፣ ትምህርት እና ተዛማጅ ጉዳዮችን ይወክላሉ። ቴክኖሎጂ". * https://www.ischools.org/ * http://www.success.co.il/is/index.html * http://jis.sagepub.com/ * http://dlist.sir.arizona.edu/ * https://web.archive.org/web/20120521123701/http://www.mesc.usgs.gov/ISB/Science.asp * https://web.archive.org/web/20110319220648/http://www.twu.edu/library/Nitecki/ * https://web.archive.org/web/20110319220648/http://www.twu.edu/library/Nitecki/ * https://web.archive.org/web/20110221054829/http://gseis.ucla.edu/faculty/bates/articles/Berkeley.html * http://www.libsci.sc.edu/bob/istchron/ISCNET/ISCHRON.HTM {{Wayback|url=http://www.libsci.sc.edu/bob/istchron/ISCNET/ISCHRON.HTM |date=20110514235219 }} * https://web.archive.org/web/20140605070024/http://libres.curtin.edu.au/ * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shared_decision-making 9g1d9g8ytxyofwp6mwo030wgzn4lc4r 0 55917 395049 2026-09-12T01:23:32Z ይሀግሄል ናሆም ታደገ 60584 ይህ ስለ ግኖስ ቲዎስ እምነት እና የሀይማኖታዊ አቆጣጠር የሚናገር ሲሆን በዚህ መንገድ የተገነባ ፅሁፍ ግላዊ ማብራርያ ነው። 395049 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ግኖስ ቲዎስ''' የግኖስ ቲዎስ ትርጓሜ "ግኖስ ቲዎስ" (Gnos Theos) የሚለው መጠሪያ ከሁለት ረቂቅ ፅንሰ-ሃሳቦች የተገነባ ነው፦ "ግኖስ" (Gnos) ማለት "ዕውቀት ወይም ማወቅ" ሲሆን፣ "ቲዎስ" (Theos) ማለት ደግሞ "ፈጣሪ" ማለት ነው። ስለሆነም ግኖስ ቲዎስ ማለት ባጭሩ "ፈጣሪን በእውቀትና በተስፋ የመፈለግ የሕይወት መንገድ" ማለት ነው። ይህ እምነት የሚነሳው ሁሉንም ነገር በእርግጠኝነት አውቄአለሁ ከሚል ድፍረት ሳይሆን፣ ፈጣሪን ለማወቅ ካለው ጥልቅ መንፈሳዊ ጉጉትና ፍላጎት ነው።<ref>ትርጉም መፃህፍት </ref> እንደ ግኖስ ቲዎስ እምነት በአጽናፈ ዓለም ውስጥ የሚታየው አስደናቂ ሥርዓት፣ ቅንጅት እና ሚዛን፣ ከአጽናፈ ዓለሙ በስተጀርባ እጅግ የላቀ የዕውቀት ደረጃ (IQ) ያለው ታላቅ ንድፍ አውጪ (Intelligent Designer) መኖሩን በግልጽ ያሳያል። ይህንን እውነት ለማረጋገጥ ወደ ሰማይ መርከብ መጓዝ ወይም የቅዱሳን መጻሕፍትን ተረቶች መፈተሽ አያስፈልግም፤ የገዛ አካላችንን እና በዙሪያችን ያለውን ተፈጥሮ መመልከት ብቻ በቂ ነው።ፈጣሪ ብለን እየለመንን ትክክለኛ መልስ እንዲሰጠን እንጠይቃለን ለኛ አላህ ተባለ እግዚአብሄር አላማችን ፈጣሪ ነው ይላሉ። የእውነት አላህ ከሆነ ፈጣሪ ፈጣሪ ሲባል መስማት አለበት እግዚያብሄር ሆነ እየሱስ ከሆነ ፈጣሪ ፈጣሪ ሲባል መስማት አለበት።ይላሉ። ብቻ ግን የህሊናን ህግ ተከትለን የፈጣሪን ስራዎች እያከበርን እንስሳት ለምግብ ብለን ሳንሰዋ በመልካምነት እና በፀሎት በፆም እንኖራለንም ይላሉ ።<ref>ይሀግሄል ናሆም ታደገ</ref> መሠረታዊ አስተምህሮቶች የፈጣሪ መገለጫ (ታላቁ አናጺ)፦ ፈጣሪ "ታላቁ አናጺ" ወይም "ታላቁ መሃንዲስ" ተብሎ የሚጠራ ሲሆን፣ በረቂቅ መንፈስ፣ በበጎነት፣ በህሊና ሰላም እና በብርሃን ደረጃ የሚገለጽ የፍጥረት ሁሉ መነሻ ነው። ሰውን ከፈጣሪ ጋር የሚያገናኘው የውስጥ መለኮትነት ሳይሆን፣ የተሰጠውን የተፈጥሮ ሕግና የሕሊና ሥርዓት ሲጠብቅ በልቡና እና በተፈጥሮ መካከል የሚፈጠረው ፍጹም የሆነው ረቂቅ የግንኙነት መስመር ነው።<ref>ይሀግሄል</ref> የሕሊና ሕግ (ወርቃማው ሕግ)፦የግኖስ ቲዎስ ዋነኛው የሞራል መመሪያ በሰው ልጅ ልብ ጽላት ላይ ቀድሞ የተቀረጸው የሕሊና ሕግ ነው። ይዘቱም፦ *“ማንም ሊያደርግብህ የማይፈልገውን በሌላው ፍጡር ላይ አለማድረግ፤ እንዲደረግልህ የምትፈልገውን መልካም ነገር ሁሉ ለሌሎች ማድረግ”* የሚል ነው።<ref>ይሀግሄል ግኖስ ቲዎስ</ref> የነፍስ ረቂቅነት፦የሰው ልጅ ነፍስ ከሥጋዊ ቁስ በላይ የሆነች የማትጠፋ ረቂቅ ኃይል ናት። ከሞት በኋላ ባለው ሕይወት ውስጥ ሥጋዊ ፍላጎቶች የሌሉ ሲሆን፣ ነፍስ ረቂቅ በሆነ ጥልቅ ቦታ ላይ በደስታ እና በሰላም ትኖራለች።<ref>ግኖስ ቲዎስ</ref> የተፈጥሮ ህግጋት እና የቁጥር ኮዶች ግኖስ ቲዎስ ፈጣሪ ዓለምን የፈጠራት እና የሚያንቀሳቅሳት በቁጥር እና በሂሳብ ህጎች ነው ብሎ ያምናል።<ref>ግኖስ ቲዎስ</ref> ቁጥር 1 (መባረኪያ / መጀመሪያ)፦ የሁሉ ነገር መነሻ እና የመጀመሪያው የፈጣሪ ኃይል ምልክት።<ref>ናሆም ታደገ</ref> ቁጥር 4 (መሠረት)፦የተፈጥሮ መታነጫ መሠረት (4ቱ አቅጣጫዎች፣ 4ቱ የተፈጥሮ አካላት፡ እሳት፣ አየር፣ ውሃ፣ መሬት፤ እና የዲኤንኤ 4 ኬሚካሎች)።<ref>ናሆም ታደገ</ref> ቁጥር 3፣ 6፣ 9 (መታነጫ ረቂቅ ምስጢሮች)፦ የአጽናፈ ዓለም ንዝረት፣ ጂኦሜትሪ እና ረቂቅ መዋቅር ማዕከላት።<ref>ናሆም ታደገ (ይሀግሄል)</ref>  ቁጥር 3፦ በባዮሎጂ (አእምሮ፣ ልብ፣ ሳንባ)፣ በኳንተም ፊዚክስ (ፕሮቶን፣ ኒውትሮን፣ ኤሌክትሮን) እና በምድር ጂኦሎጂ ውስጥ ይገኛል።<ref>ናሆም ታደገ (ይሀግሄል)</ref>   ቁጥር 6፦የቁስ አካልን ውጫዊ ቅርጽ፣ ጥንካሬና ሚዛን ይወክላል (የካርቦን መዋቅር፣ የንቦች ቀፎ፣ የበረዶ ቅንጣቶች)።<ref>ናሆም ታደገ (ይሀግሄል)</ref>   ቁጥር 9፦የፍጻሜ፣ የሙሉነት እና የኃይል ዑደት ማሳረጊያ ማኅተም ነው (9 የሰውነት ቀዳዳዎች,9 ኙ ከዋክብተ በረር(planets)።<ref>ናሆም ታደገ (ይሀግሄል)</ref> <nowiki>*</nowiki>ወርቃማው ቁጥር (1.618)፦በዲኤንኤ መዋቅር፣ በጠመዝማዛ ጋላክሲዎች እና በሰው አካል ውበት ውስጥ የሚገኝ የፈጣሪ የሂሳብ እጅ-ጽሁፍ ነው።<ref>ናሆም ታደገ (ይሀግሄል)</ref> የግኖስ ቲዎስ የጊዜ አቆጣጠር (ካላንደር) እምነቱ "ሜሮንኢቶ"የተባለ የራሱ የሆነ የዘመን አቆጣጠር ሥርዓት አለው። የጊዜ አሃዶች፦1 ሜሮንኢቶ = 1 ቀን (24 ሰዓት)፣ 1 ቲሻታኤል = 9 ቀናት፣ 1 ካቲጎሪ = 36 ቀናት። 1 ጋልካቲ (መደበኛ ዓመት) = 364 ቀናት። ፓንቶክራቶር (የመቀየሪያ ዓመት) = 369 ቀናት (በየ 4 ዓመቱ)።<ref>ናሆም ታደገ (ይሀግሄል)</ref> የዘመን መነሻ፦የዘመኑ መነሻ ከ2587 ዓመታት በፊት የተከሰተው የ9 ከዋክብተ በረር(planet) ሰልፍ ነው። የዘመኑ ስም ዓ.ከ.በ.ረ (ዓለመ ከዋክብተ በረር ረብራብ) ይባላል።<ref>ናሆም ታደገ (ይሀግሄል)</ref> የተግባር ሥነ-ሥርዓት እና የሰውነት መቅደስ ሰውነታችን ከታላቁ አጽናፈ ዓለም ጋር የሚገናኝባቸው **9 ውጫዊ በሮች** (2 ዓይኖች面向 2 ጆሮዎች፣ 2 የአፍንጫ ቀዳዳዎች፣ 1 አፍ፣ 1 የመቀመጫ እና 1 የብልት ቀዳዳ) አሉት። እነዚህን ለመጠበቅ **4 መሣሪያዎች** ተሰጥተዋል፦ ውሃ፣ መገራት (ዲሲፕሊን)፣ ጾም (ኒስትያ - ሙሉ የቪጋን ምግብ) እና ዝምታ ናቸው።<ref>ናሆም ታደገ (ይሀግሄል)</ref> ግኖስ ቲዎስ የራሱ የሆነ የአለባበስ ስርአት አለው።በፀሎት ጊዜ የሚለበስ እና መደበኛ አለባበስ ስርአት ።የፀሎት አለባበስ ስርአቱም<ref>ናሆም ታደገ (ይሀግሄል)</ref> <nowiki>*</nowiki> ልብሱ ከላይ እስከ እግርዎ ጥፍር ድረስ ሙሉ በሙሉ የሚሸፍን፣ ሰፊ እና የተንጣለለ ቀሚስ ወይም ሙሉ ካባ (Robe) ነው።<ref>ናሆም ታደገ (ይሀግሄል)</ref> <nowiki>*</nowiki> ጨርቁ ሙሉ በሙሉ ከተፈጥሮ እጽዋት (Linen/Cotton) የተሰራ በመሆኑ፣ ምንም ዓይነት የእንስሳት ሱፍ ወይም ቆዳ የለበትም። ቀለሙም ጨረቃንና የሰማይ ብርሃንን የሚያንጸባርቅ ፍጹም ነጭ ነው።<ref>ናሆም ታደገ (ይሀግሄል)</ref> <nowiki>*</nowiki> በልብሱ መሃል ላይ፣ ልክ ከደረትዎ ተነስቶ እስከ ታችኛው ጫፍ ድረስ ቀጥ ብለው የሚወርዱ 4  ወርቃማ ሰፋፊ መስመሮች (4 Lines) አሉ።<ref>ናሆም ታደገ (ይሀግሄል)</ref> <nowiki>*</nowiki> የልብሱ እጅጌዎች በጣም ሰፊና ረጅም ናቸው። <nowiki>*</nowiki> ልክ በእጅጌው ጫፍ ላይ (በእጅዎ አንጓ አካባቢ) የ3 ቁጥር ምልክት እና በእጅ ዙር የተሰመሩ 6 ቀጫጭን መስመሮች በወርቃማ ብርሀን  ክር ተለይቶ ተጠልፏል።<ref>ናሆም ታደገ (ይሀግሄል)</ref> <nowiki>*</nowiki>በጀርባ እና በሁለቱ ትከሻዎች እስከ ክንድ መታጠፊያ የሚወርዱ ሶስት ጌጦቹ የመደመር (+)የክብ(o) እና የመቀነስ(-) ቅርፅ ሲኖራቸው ቀለማቸውም ቀይ አረንጓዴ ሰማያዊ ነው የመደመሩ ቀይ የክቡ አረንጓዴ የመቀነሱ ሰማያዊ ቀለም ነው <ref>ናሆም ታደገ (ይሀግሄል)</ref> <nowiki>*</nowiki>በልብ እና በሳንባ መስመር ልክ የኮከብ እና ሙሉ ጨረቃ መሳይ ጌጥ ይኖራሉ <nowiki>*</nowiki>በጭንቅላት ላይ በአይምሮ ልክ የፀሀይ ጌጥ የተደረገበት የጭንቅላት ቆብ አለ በጥጥ የተሰራ ሲሆን በዘጠኝ ወርቃማ ዘንጎች ቆቡ ታጥሯል እናም በቆቦቹ ጫፍ የተሳሰሩት ጫፍ ላይ በሚታይ ኤል የሚል ፅሁፍ ነው ።የፀሀዪ ቅርፅ ያለው በግንባሩ ልክ ቆቡ ሲገባ ነው። *በወገብ ላይ የሚታሰር ወርቃማ መቀነት አለ። መቀነቱ ዘጠኝ የኮከብ ቅርፅ ቀዳዳ አለው ። <ref>ናሆም ታደገ (ይሀግሄል)</ref> ግኖስ ቲዎስ የሰው ልጅ ለፈጣሪ ጊዜ መስጠት አለበት ብሎ ያምናል ።እናም በቀን 6 ጊዜ የፀሎት እና ምስጋና ሰዐት አለው።ሰዐቱም ሌሊት 9 ሰዐት, ጠዋት 12 ሰዐት ,ጠዋት 3 ሰዐት ,ከሰዐት 6 ሰዐት,ከሰዐት 9 ሰዐት,አመሻሽ 12 ሰዐት,ማታ 3 ሰዐት ,ሌሊት 6 ሰዐት ናቸው በነዚህ ሰዐታት በአንዱ ቢያንስ ምስጋና እና ፀሎት መሰዋት አለብን ይላሉ።<ref>ናሆም ታደገ (ይሀግሄል)</ref> በግኖስ ቲዎስ እምነት እይታ ተፈጥሮን ማዳመጥ እና የፈጣሪ መገለጥ ፈጣሪ ድብቅና ረቂቅ ቢሆንም፣ የሰው ልጅ ተፈጥሮን በጥንቃቄ ሲያደምጥ ፈጣሪ ይገለጥለታል። ተፈጥሮ በውስጧ በያዘቻቸው ሕግጋት፣ ውበቶችና ሥርዓቶች አማካኝነት የፈጣሪን መኖር ታሳያለች። የሰው ልጅ ፍጥረታትን መንከባከብ፣ መጠበቅና ተፈጥሮን ማዳመጥ ሲችል፣ ያኔ በፈጣሪ ላይ ያለው ተስፋ ፍሬ ያፈራል፤ ፈጣሪም ለሰው ልጅ እጁን ይዘረጋል።ብለው ያምናሉ።<ref>ናሆም ታደገ (ይሀግሄል)</ref> ተአምር ምንድን ነው? በግኖስ ቲዎስ ውስጥ ተአምር የሚባለው የተፈጥሮን ሕግ የሚያፈርስ ወይም የሚቀይር ክስተት አይደለም። ፈጣሪ ራሱ የጻፈውንና የቀረጸውን የተፈጥሮ ሕግ በምንም ዓይነት ምክንያት አያፈርስም። ከተፈጥሮ ሕግ ውጭ የሚሆን ምንም ዓይነት የተለየ ተአምር የለም። እውነተኛ ተአምር የሚባለው ፈጣሪ በራሱ ረቂቅ ዕውቀት ተፈጥሮን ፍጹም በሆነ መንገድ ጠብቆ የሚሠራው ሥርዓት ነው። የሰው ልጅ ተአምርን መረዳት ያለበት ሕግ ሲፈርስ ሳይሆን፣ ሕጉ ጸንቶ በተፈጥሮ ውስጥ ሲሠራ ነው።ብለው ያምናሉ።<ref>ናሆም ታደገ (ይሀግሄል)</ref> ዋናው ነገር ግኖስ ቲዎስ የተስፋ እምነት መሠረት ነው። የሰው ልጅ ፈጣሪ የት እንደሚገኝ በእርግጠኝነት አያውቅም። ግኖስ ቲዎስ ሙሉ በሙሉ የፍጹም ተስፋ እምነት ነው። አማኙ በጾምና በጸሎት የሚተጋው ፈጣሪ በሕይወቱ ውስጥ እጁን እንዲዘረጋለትና ራሱን እንዲገልጥለት በሙሉ ልብና በተስፋ በመጠባበቅ ነው። ይህ ተስፋ እና ጽኑ እምነት ራሱ ለሰው ልጅ ትልቁና ታላቁ መድኃኒት ነው።<ref>ናሆም ታደገ (ይሀግሄል)</ref> 2cnh8ii65yx9d3kkc2ylrsv3krpykcq