विकिपीडिया
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{{विकिफ़ाइ}}[[फाईल:Tomb_of_Nakht_(2).jpg|दाएँ|अंगूठाकार]]
[[फाईल:Coffee Plantation.jpg|right|thumb|300px]]
[[File:వ్యవసాయం 1578472643291.jpg|thumb]]
[[File:Land Ploughing with Cows in Rural Bangladesh.jpg|thumb|ग्रामीण बांग्लादेश म बैल के साथ भूमि के जुताई]]
'''[https://educationalhelpus.online कृषि] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406100252/https://educationalhelpus.online/ |date=2023-04-06 }}''' [[मृदा]] की [[जुताई]], [[फ़सल]] के उगाना आरू [[पशुपालन]] के विज्ञान आरू कला छीकै।
प्रत्येक व्यावसायिक विचार स जुड़लो संभावित चुनौती आरू जोखिम प विचार करना आरू ऐगो आकस्मिक योजना बनाना आवश्यक छै। कोय भी व्यावसायिक उद्यम म सफलता के लेली लचीलापन, अनुकूलनशीलता आरू सीखना आरू बढ़ै के इच्छा के आवश्यकता होय छै। [https://educationalhelpus.online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406100252/https://educationalhelpus.online/ |date=2023-04-06 }} [https://educationalhelpus.online Read more...] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406100252/https://educationalhelpus.online/ |date=2023-04-06 }}
तकनीकों और विशेषताओं की बहुत सी किस्में कृषि के अन्तर्गत आती है, इसमें वे तरीके शामिल हैं जिनसे पौधे उगाने के लिए उपयुक्त भूमि का विस्तार किया जाता है, इसके लिए पानी के चैनल खोदे जाते हैं और सिंचाई के अन्य रूपों का उपयोग किया जाता है। [[खेती|कृषि योग्य भूमि]] पर फसलों को उगाना और चारागाहों और [[ग्रामीण काव्य|रेंजलैंड]] पर पशुधन को गड़रियों के द्वारा [[चरना|चराया जाना]], मुख्यतः कृषि से सम्बंधित रहा है। कृषि के भिन्न रूपों की पहचान करना व उनकी मात्रात्मक वृद्धि, पिछली शताब्दी में विचार के मुख्य मुद्दे बन गए।
विकसित दुनिया में यह क्षेत्र [[जैविक खेती]] (उदाहरण [[पर्माकल्चर]] या [[कार्बनिक खेती|कार्बनिक कृषि]]) से लेकर [[गहन कृषि]] (उदाहरण [[औद्योगिक कृषि]]) तक फैली है।
आधुनिक [[अग्रोनोमी|एग्रोनोमी]], [[पादप प्रजनन|पौधों में संकरण]], [[कीटनाशक|कीटनाशकों]] और [[उर्वरक|उर्वरकों]] और तकनीकी सुधारों ने फसलों से होने वाले उत्पादन को तेजी से बढ़ाया है और साथ ही यह व्यापक रूप से पारिस्थितिक क्षति का कारण भी बना है और इसने मनुष्य के स्वास्थ्य पर प्रतिकूल प्रभाव डाला है। [[चयनात्मक प्रजनन]] और [[पशुपालन]] की आधुनिक प्रथाओं जैसे [[गहन सुअर खेती|गहन सूअर खेती]] (और इसी प्रकार के अभ्यासों को [[मुर्गा|मुर्गी]] पर भी लागू किया जाता है) ने [[मांस]] के उत्पादन में वृद्धि की है, लेकिन इससे पशु क्रूरता, [[प्रतिजैविक]] (एंटीबायोटिक) दवाओं के स्वास्थ्य प्रभाव, [[वृद्धि हार्मोन|वृद्धि हॉर्मोन]] और मांस के औद्योगिक उत्पादन में सामान्य रूप से काम में लिए जाने वाले रसायनों के बारे में मुद्दे सामने आये हैं।
प्रमुख कृषि उत्पादों को मोटे तौर पर [[भोजन]], [[रेशा]], [[ईंधन]], [[कच्चा माल]], [[फ़ार्मास्युटिकल्स|फार्मास्यूटिकल्स]] और [[उद्दीपक|उद्दीपकों]] में समूहित किया जा सकता है। साथ ही सजावटी या विदेशी उत्पादों की भी एक श्रेणी है। वर्ष 2000 से पौधों का उपयोग [[जैव ईंधन|जैविक ईंधन]], [[जैव फ़ार्मास्युटिकल्स|जैवफार्मास्यूटिकल्स]], [[जैव प्लास्टिक|जैवप्लास्टिक]],<ref>मार्केट वॉच (2007), [http://www।marketwatch।com/news/story/bioengineers-aim-cash-plants-make/story।aspx?guid=%7B7F35EAE4-CA2D-4E0D-9262-D392566E906B%7D प्लास्टिक एक से अधिक तरीकों में हरे हैं]{{Dead link|date=जून 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}।</ref> और फार्मास्यूटिकल्स<ref>[1] ^ BIO (n।d।) [http://www।bio।org/healthcare/pmp/factsheet5।asp औषधियों के उत्पादन के लिए बनाम खाद्य पदार्थ तथा चारे के लिए पौधों को उगाना।]{{Dead link|date=जून 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref> के उत्पादन में किया जा रहा है। विशेष खाद्यों में शामिल हैं [[अनाज]], [[सब्जी|सब्जियां]], [[फल]] और [[मांस]]। [[रेशा|रेशे]] में [[कपास]], [[ऊन]], [[सन]], [[रेशम]] और [[सन]] (फ्लैक्स) शामिल हैं। [[कच्चा माल|कच्चे माल]] में लकड़ी और बाँस शामिल हैं। उद्दीपकों में [[तम्बाकू]], [[शराब]], [[अफ़ीम]], [[कोकीन]] और [[डिजिटेलिस]] शामिल हैं। पौधों से अन्य उपयोगी पदार्थ भी उत्पन्न होते हैं, जैसे [[रेजिन]]। जैव ईंधनों में शामिल हैं [[मिथेन]], [[जैवभार]] (बायोमास), [[इथेनॉल]] और [[बायोडीजल]]। [[फूल|कटे हुए फूल]], [[उद्यान विज्ञान|नर्सरी के पौधे]], उष्णकटिबंधीय मछलियाँ और व्यापार के लिए पालतू पक्षी, कुछ सजावटी उत्पाद हैं।
2007 में, दुनिया के लगभग एक तिहाई श्रमिक कृषि क्षेत्र में कार्यरत थे। हालांकि, [[औद्योगीकरण|औद्योगिकीकरण]] की शुरुआत के बाद से कृषि से सम्बंधित महत्त्व कम हो गया है और 2003 में-इतिहास में पहली बार-[[सेवा (अर्थशास्त्र)|[[सेवा]] क्षेत्र ने एक [[आर्थिक क्षेत्र]] के रूप में कृषि को पछाड़ दिया क्योंकि इसने दुनिया भर में अधिकतम लोगों को रोजगार उपलब्ध कराया।<ref>{{Cite web |title=कृषि और उससे सम्बंधित जानकारी प्राप्त करें |url=https://khetijankari.com/ |access-date=2023-09-09 |archive-date=2023-07-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230723012555/https://khetijankari.com/ }}</ref> इस तथ्य के बावजूद कि कृषि दुनिया के आबादी के एक तिहाई से अधिक लोगों की रोजगार उपलब्ध कराती है, कृषि उत्पादन, [[सकल विश्व उत्पाद]] ([[सकल घरेलू उत्पाद]] का एक समुच्चय) का पांच प्रतिशत से भी कम हिस्सा बनता है।<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www।cia।gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/xx।html#Econ |title=https://www।cia।gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/xx।html#Econ |accessdate= |format= |work= }} {{Dead link|date=जून 2009}}</ref>[5]
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यूजर वार्ता:Proabscorp!
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== अंगिका विकिपीडिया केरौ शुभारंभ प बधाई आरू शुभकामना ! ==
{{आपनौ बात-1/Angpradesh}} [[यूजर:Angpradesh|Angpradesh]] ([[यूजर वार्ता:Angpradesh|वार्ता]]) ००:४८, ३ अप्रैल २०२३ (IST)
== मतदान मँ भाग लै लेली अनुरोध ==
नमस्कार ! सूचित करना छै कि अंगिका विकिपीडिया क सुचारू रूप सँ चलाबै वास्तें पिछला 12 अप्रैल क हम्में एडमिनिस्ट्रेटर (Admin) /सिसॉप (Sysop) लेली आवेदन करलै छियै। आपनै सक्रिय यूजर सब सँ अनुरोध छै कि आपनै https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/विकिपीडिया:ऐडमिनिस्ट्रेटर_अधिकार_लेली_निवेदन पन्ना केरौ एकदम निचला हिस्सा मँ जाय क एकरौ समर्थन या विरोध मँ मतदान करियै । जों मतदान करलै छियै, त ई संदेश क नजरअंदाज करियै। धन्यवाद ।[[यूजर:Angpradesh|Angpradesh]] ([[यूजर वार्ता:Angpradesh|वार्ता]]) १८:०८, १८ अप्रैल २०२३ (IST)
== अंगिका केरौ जानकारी राखैवाला आरू दोसरौ सदस्य सिनी क भी अंगिका विकिपीडिया सँ जोड़ै केरौ आग्रह ==
आपनै सँ आग्रह छै कि अंगिका विकिपीडिया प आपनौ सक्रिय योगदान दै के अलावा अंगिका केरौ जानकारी राखैवाला आरू दोसरौ सदस्य सिनी क भी ई प्रोजेक्ट सँ जोड़ै केरौ कोशिश करियै । धन्यवाद ।
[[यूजर:Angpradesh|Angpradesh]] ([[यूजर वार्ता:Angpradesh|वार्ता]]) २१:१६, ३१ मई २०२३ (IST)
== Invitation to join the Param Vir Chakra Edit-a-thon ==
<div style="background-color:#5e394a; color:#FFFFFF; padding:10px">
<span style="font-size:200%;">'''Param Vir Chakra Edit-a-thon'''</span>
'''15 September - 20 September 2023'''<span style="font-size:120%; float:right;">[[metawiki:Param Vir Chakra Edit-a-thon|<span style="font-size:10px;color:white">''Read more!''</span>]]</span>
</div><div style="background-color:#f2ebee; padding:10px; font-size:1.1em;">[[फाईल:PVC_Medal_A.png|दाएँ|फ़्रेमहीन|185x185पिक्सेल]]The Odia Wikimedians user Group is organizing an online [[metawiki:Param_Vir_Chakra_Edit-a-thon|edit-a-thon]] on different language Wikipedia to create or improve the articles about the recipients of Param Vir Chakra, the highest military decoration of India, awarded for displaying distinguished acts of valor during wartime.
This is an invitation to participate this edit-a-thon. If you are interested, add your community name [[metawiki:Param Vir Chakra Edit-a-thon/Communities|here]].
<small>''Regards,''</small>
<small>[[metawiki:User:Ssgapu22|Sangram Keshari Senapati]]</small>
<small>Organizer from [[metawiki:Odia_Wikimedians_User_Group|Odia Wikimedians User Group]]</small>
</div>[[यूजर:Ssgapu22|Ssgapu22]] ([[यूजर वार्ता:Ssgapu22|वार्ता]]) १५:४९, ९ सितंबर २०२३ (IST)
== Translation request ==
Hi, I would like to ask you whether you could possibly translate this to Angika:
Interlingua is an international auxiliary language (IAL) developed between 1937 and 1951 by the American International Auxiliary Language Association (IALA). It is a constructed language whose vocabulary, grammar, and other characteristics are derived from natural languages. Interlingua literature maintains that Interlingua is comprehensible to the billions of people who speak Romance languages and English.
Thanks. --[[यूजर:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[यूजर वार्ता:Jon Gua|वार्ता]]) १७:४३, १६ मार्च २०२५ (IST)
== Invitation to try the Starter Kit Tool ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
Greetings!
As one of the active editors on this Wikipedia, you're invited by the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development Language Onboarding and Development] initiative to learn about the Starter Kit, try it out, and join a virtual meeting where you can ask questions about the tool.<br>
'''What the tool does'''<br>
The Starter Kit helps small or new Wikipedia contributors complete essential tasks, like importing infoboxes, tracking your wiki's growth and health metrics, and connecting with members of the broader Wikimedia community for technical guidance. Some features require certain user rights, but three of the six tasks are open to any autoconfirmed editor, so most active editors can get started right away.
'''Here's what we would like you to do:'''
* Read the manual for more detail on the tool and the tasks you can perform: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit
* Access the Starter Kit tool: https://starterkit.toolforge.org/ and log in with your Wikimedia account to try it out.
* Sign up for one of three virtual meetings: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit/Office_hours#Office_hours, where you can:
** Learn more about the tool.
** Ask questions and share your thoughts.
Thank you so much for using the tool, and we look forward to your attending the virtual meeting.
Best regards,
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> ०२:४७, १२ अगस्त २०२६ (IST)
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== Reminder: Starter Kit Virtual Meeting ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
Greetings!
This is a friendly reminder to attend the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit Starter Kit] virtual meeting.
Date and time: '''Today, Saturday, August 29th, 2026, 01:00–02:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1787965200 check your local time here])
This is a casual session where you can learn more about the Starter Kit tool, ask any questions, and share your thoughts; no need to have tried the tool beforehand.
If you haven't signed up yet, you can do so here: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit/Office_hours#Session_2:_Saturday_29_August_2026,_01:00_UTC
See you soon!
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> १९:००, २८ अगस्त २०२६ (IST)
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== Reminder: Starter Kit virtual meeting ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
Greetings!
This is a friendly reminder to attend the third [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit Starter Kit] virtual meeting.
Date and time: '''Saturday, September 5th, 2026, 05:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1787965200 check your local time here])
Video call link: https://meet.google.com/eov-gbgn-rew
This is a casual session where you can learn more about the Starter Kit tool, ask any questions, and share your thoughts; no need to have tried the tool beforehand.
If you haven't signed up yet, you can do so here: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit/Office_hours#Session_3:_Saturday_5_September_2026,_05:00_UTC
See you soon!
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> ०५:१४, ४ सितंबर २०२६ (IST)
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== अंगिका विकिपीडिया केरौ शुभारंभ प बधाई आरू शुभकामना ! ==
{{आपनौ बात-1/Angpradesh}} [[यूजर:Angpradesh|Angpradesh]] ([[यूजर वार्ता:Angpradesh|वार्ता]]) ००:४८, ३ अप्रैल २०२३ (IST)
== मतदान मँ भाग लै लेली अनुरोध ==
नमस्कार ! सूचित करना छै कि अंगिका विकिपीडिया क सुचारू रूप सँ चलाबै वास्तें पिछला 12 अप्रैल क हम्में एडमिनिस्ट्रेटर (Admin) /सिसॉप (Sysop) लेली आवेदन करलै छियै। आपनै सक्रिय यूजर सब सँ अनुरोध छै कि आपनै https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/विकिपीडिया:ऐडमिनिस्ट्रेटर_अधिकार_लेली_निवेदन पन्ना केरौ एकदम निचला हिस्सा मँ जाय क एकरौ समर्थन या विरोध मँ मतदान करियै । जों मतदान करलै छियै, त ई संदेश क नजरअंदाज करियै। धन्यवाद ।[[यूजर:Angpradesh|Angpradesh]] ([[यूजर वार्ता:Angpradesh|वार्ता]]) १८:०८, १८ अप्रैल २०२३ (IST)
== अंगिका केरौ जानकारी राखैवाला आरू दोसरौ सदस्य सिनी क भी अंगिका विकिपीडिया सँ जोड़ै केरौ आग्रह ==
आपनै सँ आग्रह छै कि अंगिका विकिपीडिया प आपनौ सक्रिय योगदान दै के अलावा अंगिका केरौ जानकारी राखैवाला आरू दोसरौ सदस्य सिनी क भी ई प्रोजेक्ट सँ जोड़ै केरौ कोशिश करियै । धन्यवाद ।
[[यूजर:Angpradesh|Angpradesh]] ([[यूजर वार्ता:Angpradesh|वार्ता]]) २१:१६, ३१ मई २०२३ (IST)
== Invitation to join the Param Vir Chakra Edit-a-thon ==
<div style="background-color:#5e394a; color:#FFFFFF; padding:10px">
<span style="font-size:200%;">'''Param Vir Chakra Edit-a-thon'''</span>
'''15 September - 20 September 2023'''<span style="font-size:120%; float:right;">[[metawiki:Param Vir Chakra Edit-a-thon|<span style="font-size:10px;color:white">''Read more!''</span>]]</span>
</div><div style="background-color:#f2ebee; padding:10px; font-size:1.1em;">[[फाईल:PVC_Medal_A.png|दाएँ|फ़्रेमहीन|185x185पिक्सेल]]The Odia Wikimedians user Group is organizing an online [[metawiki:Param_Vir_Chakra_Edit-a-thon|edit-a-thon]] on different language Wikipedia to create or improve the articles about the recipients of Param Vir Chakra, the highest military decoration of India, awarded for displaying distinguished acts of valor during wartime.
This is an invitation to participate this edit-a-thon. If you are interested, add your community name [[metawiki:Param Vir Chakra Edit-a-thon/Communities|here]].
<small>''Regards,''</small>
<small>[[metawiki:User:Ssgapu22|Sangram Keshari Senapati]]</small>
<small>Organizer from [[metawiki:Odia_Wikimedians_User_Group|Odia Wikimedians User Group]]</small>
</div>[[यूजर:Ssgapu22|Ssgapu22]] ([[यूजर वार्ता:Ssgapu22|वार्ता]]) १५:४९, ९ सितंबर २०२३ (IST)
== Translation request ==
Hi, I would like to ask you whether you could possibly translate this to Angika:
Interlingua is an international auxiliary language (IAL) developed between 1937 and 1951 by the American International Auxiliary Language Association (IALA). It is a constructed language whose vocabulary, grammar, and other characteristics are derived from natural languages. Interlingua literature maintains that Interlingua is comprehensible to the billions of people who speak Romance languages and English.
Thanks. --[[यूजर:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[यूजर वार्ता:Jon Gua|वार्ता]]) १७:४३, १६ मार्च २०२५ (IST)
== Invitation to try the Starter Kit Tool ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
Greetings!
As one of the active editors on this Wikipedia, you're invited by the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development Language Onboarding and Development] initiative to learn about the Starter Kit, try it out, and join a virtual meeting where you can ask questions about the tool.<br>
'''What the tool does'''<br>
The Starter Kit helps small or new Wikipedia contributors complete essential tasks, like importing infoboxes, tracking your wiki's growth and health metrics, and connecting with members of the broader Wikimedia community for technical guidance. Some features require certain user rights, but three of the six tasks are open to any autoconfirmed editor, so most active editors can get started right away.
'''Here's what we would like you to do:'''
* Read the manual for more detail on the tool and the tasks you can perform: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit
* Access the Starter Kit tool: https://starterkit.toolforge.org/ and log in with your Wikimedia account to try it out.
* Sign up for one of three virtual meetings: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit/Office_hours#Office_hours, where you can:
** Learn more about the tool.
** Ask questions and share your thoughts.
Thank you so much for using the tool, and we look forward to your attending the virtual meeting.
Best regards,
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> ०२:४७, १२ अगस्त २०२६ (IST)
<!-- https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:UOzurumba_(WMF)/sandbox/Invitation_to_try_the_Starter_Kit_Tool_message_list&oldid=30913073 पर मौजूद सूची का प्रयोग करके User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki द्वारा भेजा गया संदेश -->
== Reminder: Starter Kit Virtual Meeting ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
Greetings!
This is a friendly reminder to attend the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit Starter Kit] virtual meeting.
Date and time: '''Today, Saturday, August 29th, 2026, 01:00–02:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1787965200 check your local time here])
This is a casual session where you can learn more about the Starter Kit tool, ask any questions, and share your thoughts; no need to have tried the tool beforehand.
If you haven't signed up yet, you can do so here: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit/Office_hours#Session_2:_Saturday_29_August_2026,_01:00_UTC
See you soon!
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> १९:००, २८ अगस्त २०२६ (IST)
<!-- https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:UOzurumba_(WMF)/sandbox/Invitation_to_try_the_Starter_Kit_Tool_message_list&oldid=30913073 पर मौजूद सूची का प्रयोग करके User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki द्वारा भेजा गया संदेश -->
== Reminder: Starter Kit virtual meeting ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
Greetings!
This is a friendly reminder to attend the third [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit Starter Kit] virtual meeting.
Date and time: '''Saturday, September 5th, 2026, 05:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1788584400 check your local time here])
Video call link: https://meet.google.com/eov-gbgn-rew
This is a casual session where you can learn more about the Starter Kit tool, ask any questions, and share your thoughts; no need to have tried the tool beforehand.
If you haven't signed up yet, you can do so here: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit/Office_hours#Session_3:_Saturday_5_September_2026,_05:00_UTC
See you soon!
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> ०५:१४, ४ सितंबर २०२६ (IST)
<!-- https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:UOzurumba_(WMF)/sandbox/Invitation_to_try_the_Starter_Kit_Tool_message_list&oldid=30913073 पर मौजूद सूची का प्रयोग करके User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki द्वारा भेजा गया संदेश -->
71za8yl864kje8ft3lc0yaoa175zkr3
मोड्यूल:TableTools
828
3668
23139
16641
2026-09-03T13:44:43Z
Hamish
4111
Update from [[d:Special:GoToLinkedPage/enwiki/Q15408619|master]] using [[mw:Synchronizer| #Synchronizer]]
23139
Scribunto
text/plain
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- TableTools --
-- --
-- This module includes a number of functions for dealing with Lua tables. --
-- It is a meta-module, meant to be called from other Lua modules, and should not --
-- be called directly from #invoke. --
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
local libraryUtil = require('libraryUtil')
local p = {}
-- Define often-used variables and functions.
local floor = math.floor
local infinity = math.huge
local checkType = libraryUtil.checkType
local checkTypeMulti = libraryUtil.checkTypeMulti
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- isPositiveInteger
--
-- This function returns true if the given value is a positive integer, and false
-- if not. Although it doesn't operate on tables, it is included here as it is
-- useful for determining whether a given table key is in the array part or the
-- hash part of a table.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function p.isPositiveInteger(v)
return type(v) == 'number' and v >= 1 and floor(v) == v and v < infinity
end
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- isNan
--
-- This function returns true if the given number is a NaN value, and false if
-- not. Although it doesn't operate on tables, it is included here as it is useful
-- for determining whether a value can be a valid table key. Lua will generate an
-- error if a NaN is used as a table key.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function p.isNan(v)
return type(v) == 'number' and v ~= v
end
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- shallowClone
--
-- This returns a clone of a table. The value returned is a new table, but all
-- subtables and functions are shared. Metamethods are respected, but the returned
-- table will have no metatable of its own.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function p.shallowClone(t)
checkType('shallowClone', 1, t, 'table')
local ret = {}
for k, v in pairs(t) do
ret[k] = v
end
return ret
end
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- removeDuplicates
--
-- This removes duplicate values from an array. Non-positive-integer keys are
-- ignored. The earliest value is kept, and all subsequent duplicate values are
-- removed, but otherwise the array order is unchanged.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function p.removeDuplicates(arr)
checkType('removeDuplicates', 1, arr, 'table')
local isNan = p.isNan
local ret, exists = {}, {}
for _, v in ipairs(arr) do
if isNan(v) then
-- NaNs can't be table keys, and they are also unique, so we don't need to check existence.
ret[#ret + 1] = v
elseif not exists[v] then
ret[#ret + 1] = v
exists[v] = true
end
end
return ret
end
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- numKeys
--
-- This takes a table and returns an array containing the numbers of any numerical
-- keys that have non-nil values, sorted in numerical order.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function p.numKeys(t)
checkType('numKeys', 1, t, 'table')
local isPositiveInteger = p.isPositiveInteger
local nums = {}
for k in pairs(t) do
if isPositiveInteger(k) then
nums[#nums + 1] = k
end
end
table.sort(nums)
return nums
end
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- affixNums
--
-- This takes a table and returns an array containing the numbers of keys with the
-- specified prefix and suffix. For example, for the table
-- {a1 = 'foo', a3 = 'bar', a6 = 'baz'} and the prefix "a", affixNums will return
-- {1, 3, 6}.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function p.affixNums(t, prefix, suffix)
checkType('affixNums', 1, t, 'table')
checkType('affixNums', 2, prefix, 'string', true)
checkType('affixNums', 3, suffix, 'string', true)
local function cleanPattern(s)
-- Cleans a pattern so that the magic characters ()%.[]*+-?^$ are interpreted literally.
return s:gsub('([%(%)%%%.%[%]%*%+%-%?%^%$])', '%%%1')
end
prefix = prefix or ''
suffix = suffix or ''
prefix = cleanPattern(prefix)
suffix = cleanPattern(suffix)
local pattern = '^' .. prefix .. '([1-9]%d*)' .. suffix .. '$'
local nums = {}
for k in pairs(t) do
if type(k) == 'string' then
local num = mw.ustring.match(k, pattern)
if num then
nums[#nums + 1] = tonumber(num)
end
end
end
table.sort(nums)
return nums
end
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- numData
--
-- Given a table with keys like {"foo1", "bar1", "foo2", "baz2"}, returns a table
-- of subtables in the format
-- {[1] = {foo = 'text', bar = 'text'}, [2] = {foo = 'text', baz = 'text'}}.
-- Keys that don't end with an integer are stored in a subtable named "other". The
-- compress option compresses the table so that it can be iterated over with
-- ipairs.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function p.numData(t, compress)
checkType('numData', 1, t, 'table')
checkType('numData', 2, compress, 'boolean', true)
local ret = {}
for k, v in pairs(t) do
local prefix, num = mw.ustring.match(tostring(k), '^([^0-9]*)([1-9][0-9]*)$')
if num then
num = tonumber(num)
local subtable = ret[num] or {}
if prefix == '' then
-- Positional parameters match the blank string; put them at the start of the subtable instead.
prefix = 1
end
subtable[prefix] = v
ret[num] = subtable
else
local subtable = ret.other or {}
subtable[k] = v
ret.other = subtable
end
end
if compress then
local other = ret.other
ret = p.compressSparseArray(ret)
ret.other = other
end
return ret
end
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- compressSparseArray
--
-- This takes an array with one or more nil values, and removes the nil values
-- while preserving the order, so that the array can be safely traversed with
-- ipairs.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function p.compressSparseArray(t)
checkType('compressSparseArray', 1, t, 'table')
local ret = {}
local nums = p.numKeys(t)
for _, num in ipairs(nums) do
ret[#ret + 1] = t[num]
end
return ret
end
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- sparseIpairs
--
-- This is an iterator for sparse arrays. It can be used like ipairs, but can
-- handle nil values.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function p.sparseIpairs(t)
checkType('sparseIpairs', 1, t, 'table')
local nums = p.numKeys(t)
local i = 0
local lim = #nums
return function ()
i = i + 1
if i <= lim then
local key = nums[i]
return key, t[key]
else
return nil, nil
end
end
end
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- size
--
-- This returns the size of a key/value pair table. It will also work on arrays,
-- but for arrays it is more efficient to use the # operator.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function p.size(t)
checkType('size', 1, t, 'table')
local i = 0
for _ in pairs(t) do
i = i + 1
end
return i
end
local function defaultKeySort(item1, item2)
-- "number" < "string", so numbers will be sorted before strings.
local type1, type2 = type(item1), type(item2)
if type1 ~= type2 then
return type1 < type2
elseif type1 == 'table' or type1 == 'boolean' or type1 == 'function' then
return tostring(item1) < tostring(item2)
else
return item1 < item2
end
end
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- keysToList
--
-- Returns an array of the keys in a table, sorted using either a default
-- comparison function or a custom keySort function.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function p.keysToList(t, keySort, checked)
if not checked then
checkType('keysToList', 1, t, 'table')
checkTypeMulti('keysToList', 2, keySort, {'function', 'boolean', 'nil'})
end
local arr = {}
local index = 1
for k in pairs(t) do
arr[index] = k
index = index + 1
end
if keySort ~= false then
keySort = type(keySort) == 'function' and keySort or defaultKeySort
table.sort(arr, keySort)
end
return arr
end
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- sortedPairs
--
-- Iterates through a table, with the keys sorted using the keysToList function.
-- If there are only numerical keys, sparseIpairs is probably more efficient.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function p.sortedPairs(t, keySort)
checkType('sortedPairs', 1, t, 'table')
checkType('sortedPairs', 2, keySort, 'function', true)
local arr = p.keysToList(t, keySort, true)
local i = 0
return function ()
i = i + 1
local key = arr[i]
if key ~= nil then
return key, t[key]
else
return nil, nil
end
end
end
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- isArray
--
-- Returns true if the given value is a table and all keys are consecutive
-- integers starting at 1.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function p.isArray(v)
if type(v) ~= 'table' then
return false
end
local i = 0
for _ in pairs(v) do
i = i + 1
if v[i] == nil then
return false
end
end
return true
end
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- isArrayLike
--
-- Returns true if the given value is iterable and all keys are consecutive
-- integers starting at 1.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function p.isArrayLike(v)
if not pcall(pairs, v) then
return false
end
local i = 0
for _ in pairs(v) do
i = i + 1
if v[i] == nil then
return false
end
end
return true
end
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- invert
--
-- Transposes the keys and values in an array. For example, {"a", "b", "c"} ->
-- {a = 1, b = 2, c = 3}. Duplicates are not supported (result values refer to
-- the index of the last duplicate) and NaN values are ignored.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function p.invert(arr)
checkType("invert", 1, arr, "table")
local isNan = p.isNan
local map = {}
for i, v in ipairs(arr) do
if not isNan(v) then
map[v] = i
end
end
return map
end
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- listToSet
--
-- Creates a set from the array part of the table. Indexing the set by any of the
-- values of the array returns true. For example, {"a", "b", "c"} ->
-- {a = true, b = true, c = true}. NaN values are ignored as Lua considers them
-- never equal to any value (including other NaNs or even themselves).
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function p.listToSet(arr)
checkType("listToSet", 1, arr, "table")
local isNan = p.isNan
local set = {}
for _, v in ipairs(arr) do
if not isNan(v) then
set[v] = true
end
end
return set
end
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- deepCopy
--
-- Recursive deep copy function. Preserves identities of subtables.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
local function _deepCopy(orig, includeMetatable, already_seen)
if type(orig) ~= "table" then
return orig
end
-- already_seen stores copies of tables indexed by the original table.
local copy = already_seen[orig]
if copy ~= nil then
return copy
end
copy = {}
already_seen[orig] = copy -- memoize before any recursion, to avoid infinite loops
for orig_key, orig_value in pairs(orig) do
copy[_deepCopy(orig_key, includeMetatable, already_seen)] = _deepCopy(orig_value, includeMetatable, already_seen)
end
if includeMetatable then
local mt = getmetatable(orig)
if mt ~= nil then
setmetatable(copy, _deepCopy(mt, true, already_seen))
end
end
return copy
end
function p.deepCopy(orig, noMetatable, already_seen)
checkType("deepCopy", 3, already_seen, "table", true)
return _deepCopy(orig, not noMetatable, already_seen or {})
end
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- sparseConcat
--
-- Concatenates all values in the table that are indexed by a number, in order.
-- sparseConcat{a, nil, c, d} => "acd"
-- sparseConcat{nil, b, c, d} => "bcd"
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function p.sparseConcat(t, sep, i, j)
local arr = {}
local arr_i = 0
for _, v in p.sparseIpairs(t) do
arr_i = arr_i + 1
arr[arr_i] = v
end
return table.concat(arr, sep, i, j)
end
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- length
--
-- Finds the length of an array, or of a quasi-array with keys such as "data1",
-- "data2", etc., using an exponential search algorithm. It is similar to the
-- operator #, but may return a different value when there are gaps in the array
-- portion of the table. Intended to be used on data loaded with mw.loadData. For
-- other tables, use #.
-- Note: #frame.args in frame object always be set to 0, regardless of the number
-- of unnamed template parameters, so use this function for frame.args.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function p.length(t, prefix)
-- requiring module inline so that [[Module:Exponential search]] which is
-- only needed by this one function doesn't get millions of transclusions
local expSearch = require("Module:Exponential search")
checkType('length', 1, t, 'table')
checkType('length', 2, prefix, 'string', true)
return expSearch(function (i)
local key
if prefix then
key = prefix .. tostring(i)
else
key = i
end
return t[key] ~= nil
end) or 0
end
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- inArray
--
-- Returns true if searchElement is a member of the array, and false otherwise.
-- Equivalent to JavaScript array.includes(searchElement) or
-- array.includes(searchElement, fromIndex), except fromIndex is 1 indexed
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function p.inArray(array, searchElement, fromIndex)
checkType("inArray", 1, array, "table")
-- if searchElement is nil, error?
fromIndex = tonumber(fromIndex)
if fromIndex then
if (fromIndex < 0) then
fromIndex = #array + fromIndex + 1
end
if fromIndex < 1 then fromIndex = 1 end
for _, v in ipairs({unpack(array, fromIndex)}) do
if v == searchElement then
return true
end
end
else
for _, v in pairs(array) do
if v == searchElement then
return true
end
end
end
return false
end
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- merge
--
-- Given the arrays, returns an array containing the elements of each input array
-- in sequence.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function p.merge(...)
local arrays = {...}
local ret = {}
for i, arr in ipairs(arrays) do
checkType('merge', i, arr, 'table')
for _, v in ipairs(arr) do
ret[#ret + 1] = v
end
end
return ret
end
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- extend
--
-- Extends the first array in place by appending all elements from the second
-- array.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function p.extend(arr1, arr2)
checkType('extend', 1, arr1, 'table')
checkType('extend', 2, arr2, 'table')
for _, v in ipairs(arr2) do
arr1[#arr1 + 1] = v
end
end
return p
4n03zk6kcoeg4gz82mieeh94c1szcjy
यूजर वार्ता:কল্কি
3
5858
23140
23136
2026-09-03T23:44:12Z
MediaWiki message delivery
163
/* Reminder: Starter Kit virtual meeting */ नया अनुभाग
23140
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== Invitation to try the Starter Kit Tool ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
Greetings!
As one of the active editors on this Wikipedia, you're invited by the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development Language Onboarding and Development] initiative to learn about the Starter Kit, try it out, and join a virtual meeting where you can ask questions about the tool.<br>
'''What the tool does'''<br>
The Starter Kit helps small or new Wikipedia contributors complete essential tasks, like importing infoboxes, tracking your wiki's growth and health metrics, and connecting with members of the broader Wikimedia community for technical guidance. Some features require certain user rights, but three of the six tasks are open to any autoconfirmed editor, so most active editors can get started right away.
'''Here's what we would like you to do:'''
* Read the manual for more detail on the tool and the tasks you can perform: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit
* Access the Starter Kit tool: https://starterkit.toolforge.org/ and log in with your Wikimedia account to try it out.
* Sign up for one of three virtual meetings: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit/Office_hours#Office_hours, where you can:
** Learn more about the tool.
** Ask questions and share your thoughts.
Thank you so much for using the tool, and we look forward to your attending the virtual meeting.
Best regards,
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> ०२:४७, १२ अगस्त २०२६ (IST)
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== Reminder: Starter Kit Virtual Meeting ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
Greetings!
This is a friendly reminder to attend the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit Starter Kit] virtual meeting.
Date and time: '''Today, Saturday, August 29th, 2026, 01:00–02:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1787965200 check your local time here])
This is a casual session where you can learn more about the Starter Kit tool, ask any questions, and share your thoughts; no need to have tried the tool beforehand.
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<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> १९:००, २८ अगस्त २०२६ (IST)
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== Reminder: Starter Kit virtual meeting ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
Greetings!
This is a friendly reminder to attend the third [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit Starter Kit] virtual meeting.
Date and time: '''Saturday, September 5th, 2026, 05:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1787965200 check your local time here])
Video call link: https://meet.google.com/eov-gbgn-rew
This is a casual session where you can learn more about the Starter Kit tool, ask any questions, and share your thoughts; no need to have tried the tool beforehand.
If you haven't signed up yet, you can do so here: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit/Office_hours#Session_3:_Saturday_5_September_2026,_05:00_UTC
See you soon!
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> ०५:१४, ४ सितंबर २०२६ (IST)
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7uknlw9w3rqsqcjs29egvr562kreahl
23145
23140
2026-09-04T00:13:56Z
UOzurumba (WMF)
695
/* Reminder: Starter Kit virtual meeting */
23145
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text/x-wiki
== Invitation to try the Starter Kit Tool ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
Greetings!
As one of the active editors on this Wikipedia, you're invited by the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development Language Onboarding and Development] initiative to learn about the Starter Kit, try it out, and join a virtual meeting where you can ask questions about the tool.<br>
'''What the tool does'''<br>
The Starter Kit helps small or new Wikipedia contributors complete essential tasks, like importing infoboxes, tracking your wiki's growth and health metrics, and connecting with members of the broader Wikimedia community for technical guidance. Some features require certain user rights, but three of the six tasks are open to any autoconfirmed editor, so most active editors can get started right away.
'''Here's what we would like you to do:'''
* Read the manual for more detail on the tool and the tasks you can perform: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit
* Access the Starter Kit tool: https://starterkit.toolforge.org/ and log in with your Wikimedia account to try it out.
* Sign up for one of three virtual meetings: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit/Office_hours#Office_hours, where you can:
** Learn more about the tool.
** Ask questions and share your thoughts.
Thank you so much for using the tool, and we look forward to your attending the virtual meeting.
Best regards,
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> ०२:४७, १२ अगस्त २०२६ (IST)
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== Reminder: Starter Kit Virtual Meeting ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
Greetings!
This is a friendly reminder to attend the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit Starter Kit] virtual meeting.
Date and time: '''Today, Saturday, August 29th, 2026, 01:00–02:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1787965200 check your local time here])
This is a casual session where you can learn more about the Starter Kit tool, ask any questions, and share your thoughts; no need to have tried the tool beforehand.
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See you soon!
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<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> १९:००, २८ अगस्त २०२६ (IST)
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== Reminder: Starter Kit virtual meeting ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
Greetings!
This is a friendly reminder to attend the third [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit Starter Kit] virtual meeting.
Date and time: '''Saturday, September 5th, 2026, 05:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1788584400 check your local time here])
Video call link: https://meet.google.com/eov-gbgn-rew
This is a casual session where you can learn more about the Starter Kit tool, ask any questions, and share your thoughts; no need to have tried the tool beforehand.
If you haven't signed up yet, you can do so here: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit/Office_hours#Session_3:_Saturday_5_September_2026,_05:00_UTC
See you soon!
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> ०५:१४, ४ सितंबर २०२६ (IST)
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ohqo9gp9oifkqhr6yn5hgjpdb0rx8at
यूजर वार्ता:Kalli navya
3
5859
23142
23135
2026-09-03T23:44:12Z
MediaWiki message delivery
163
/* Reminder: Starter Kit virtual meeting */ नया अनुभाग
23142
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== Invitation to try the Starter Kit Tool ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
Greetings!
As one of the active editors on this Wikipedia, you're invited by the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development Language Onboarding and Development] initiative to learn about the Starter Kit, try it out, and join a virtual meeting where you can ask questions about the tool.<br>
'''What the tool does'''<br>
The Starter Kit helps small or new Wikipedia contributors complete essential tasks, like importing infoboxes, tracking your wiki's growth and health metrics, and connecting with members of the broader Wikimedia community for technical guidance. Some features require certain user rights, but three of the six tasks are open to any autoconfirmed editor, so most active editors can get started right away.
'''Here's what we would like you to do:'''
* Read the manual for more detail on the tool and the tasks you can perform: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit
* Access the Starter Kit tool: https://starterkit.toolforge.org/ and log in with your Wikimedia account to try it out.
* Sign up for one of three virtual meetings: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit/Office_hours#Office_hours, where you can:
** Learn more about the tool.
** Ask questions and share your thoughts.
Thank you so much for using the tool, and we look forward to your attending the virtual meeting.
Best regards,
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> ०२:४७, १२ अगस्त २०२६ (IST)
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== Reminder: Starter Kit Virtual Meeting ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
Greetings!
This is a friendly reminder to attend the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit Starter Kit] virtual meeting.
Date and time: '''Today, Saturday, August 29th, 2026, 01:00–02:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1787965200 check your local time here])
This is a casual session where you can learn more about the Starter Kit tool, ask any questions, and share your thoughts; no need to have tried the tool beforehand.
If you haven't signed up yet, you can do so here: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit/Office_hours#Session_2:_Saturday_29_August_2026,_01:00_UTC
See you soon!
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> १९:००, २८ अगस्त २०२६ (IST)
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== Reminder: Starter Kit virtual meeting ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
Greetings!
This is a friendly reminder to attend the third [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit Starter Kit] virtual meeting.
Date and time: '''Saturday, September 5th, 2026, 05:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1787965200 check your local time here])
Video call link: https://meet.google.com/eov-gbgn-rew
This is a casual session where you can learn more about the Starter Kit tool, ask any questions, and share your thoughts; no need to have tried the tool beforehand.
If you haven't signed up yet, you can do so here: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit/Office_hours#Session_3:_Saturday_5_September_2026,_05:00_UTC
See you soon!
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> ०५:१४, ४ सितंबर २०२६ (IST)
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7uknlw9w3rqsqcjs29egvr562kreahl
23144
23142
2026-09-04T00:13:32Z
UOzurumba (WMF)
695
/* Reminder: Starter Kit virtual meeting */
23144
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== Invitation to try the Starter Kit Tool ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
Greetings!
As one of the active editors on this Wikipedia, you're invited by the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development Language Onboarding and Development] initiative to learn about the Starter Kit, try it out, and join a virtual meeting where you can ask questions about the tool.<br>
'''What the tool does'''<br>
The Starter Kit helps small or new Wikipedia contributors complete essential tasks, like importing infoboxes, tracking your wiki's growth and health metrics, and connecting with members of the broader Wikimedia community for technical guidance. Some features require certain user rights, but three of the six tasks are open to any autoconfirmed editor, so most active editors can get started right away.
'''Here's what we would like you to do:'''
* Read the manual for more detail on the tool and the tasks you can perform: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit
* Access the Starter Kit tool: https://starterkit.toolforge.org/ and log in with your Wikimedia account to try it out.
* Sign up for one of three virtual meetings: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit/Office_hours#Office_hours, where you can:
** Learn more about the tool.
** Ask questions and share your thoughts.
Thank you so much for using the tool, and we look forward to your attending the virtual meeting.
Best regards,
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> ०२:४७, १२ अगस्त २०२६ (IST)
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== Reminder: Starter Kit Virtual Meeting ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
Greetings!
This is a friendly reminder to attend the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit Starter Kit] virtual meeting.
Date and time: '''Today, Saturday, August 29th, 2026, 01:00–02:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1787965200 check your local time here])
This is a casual session where you can learn more about the Starter Kit tool, ask any questions, and share your thoughts; no need to have tried the tool beforehand.
If you haven't signed up yet, you can do so here: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit/Office_hours#Session_2:_Saturday_29_August_2026,_01:00_UTC
See you soon!
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<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> १९:००, २८ अगस्त २०२६ (IST)
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== Reminder: Starter Kit virtual meeting ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
Greetings!
This is a friendly reminder to attend the third [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit Starter Kit] virtual meeting.
Date and time: '''Saturday, September 5th, 2026, 05:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1788584400 check your local time here])
Video call link: https://meet.google.com/eov-gbgn-rew
This is a casual session where you can learn more about the Starter Kit tool, ask any questions, and share your thoughts; no need to have tried the tool beforehand.
If you haven't signed up yet, you can do so here: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit/Office_hours#Session_3:_Saturday_5_September_2026,_05:00_UTC
See you soon!
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> ०५:१४, ४ सितंबर २०२६ (IST)
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ohqo9gp9oifkqhr6yn5hgjpdb0rx8at
ओविउल मारुफ
0
5862
23147
2026-09-04T11:53:33Z
~2026-46890-37
4118
"{{Infobox person|name=ओविउल मारुफ|image=Oviul Maruf in red panjabee photo featured in projonmokotha news.jpg|caption=ओविउल मारुफ|birth_date={{birth date and age|2007|12|3}}|birth_place=हबीगंज जिला, बांग्लादेश|nationality=बांग्लादेशी|education=जलालाबाद कैंटोनमेंट पब्लिक स्कू..." के साथ नया पृष्ठ बनाया
23147
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{{Infobox person|name=ओविउल मारुफ|image=Oviul Maruf in red panjabee photo featured in projonmokotha news.jpg|caption=ओविउल मारुफ|birth_date={{birth date and age|2007|12|3}}|birth_place=हबीगंज जिला, बांग्लादेश|nationality=बांग्लादेशी|education=जलालाबाद कैंटोनमेंट पब्लिक स्कूल एंड कॉलेज|occupation=फोटोग्राफर|known_for=''Botanical Silence''|awards=विजेता – सिलहट पर्यावरण शिखर सम्मेलन फोटोग्राफी प्रतियोगिता}}'''ओविउल मारुफ''' (जन्म ३ दिसंबर २००७) एक बांग्लादेशी फोटोग्राफर छी, जे अपन फाइन आर्ट प्रकृति फोटोग्राफी श्रृंखला ''Botanical Silence'' लेली जानल जाय छै। हुनकर काम अनेक अंतर्राष्ट्रीय कला मंचों आरू पत्रिकाओं में प्रदर्शित करलो गेलो छै, जेकरा में ''L'Œil de la Photographie'', ''Collater.al'', ''Byron Magazine'', आरू ''Lenscratch'' शामिल छै<ref name="loeil">[https://loeildelaphotographie.com/en/oviul-maruf/ "Oviul Maruf"]. ''The Eye of Photography Magazine'', 30 मई 2026.</ref><ref name="collateral">[https://www.collater.al/en/botanical-silence-oviul-maruf-photography/ "The Magic of Botany Through Oviul Maruf's Lens"]. ''Collater.al'', 19 मार्च 2026.</ref><ref name="byron">[https://www.byronmagazine.com/news/botanical-silence "The Quiet Poetry of Flowers"]. ''Byron Magazine'', 16 अगस्त 2026.</ref><ref name="lenscratch">Smithson, Aline. [https://lenscratch.com/2026/07/the-2026-still-life-exhibition-2/busket-flowers-by-oviul-maruf-oviul-maruf-2/ "busket flowers by oviul maruf - Oviul Maruf"]. ''LENSCRATCH'', 2 सितंबर 2026.</ref>।
== प्रारंभिक जीवन आरू शिक्षा ==
ओविउल मारुफ के जन्म ३ दिसंबर २००७ के बांग्लादेश के हबीगंज जिला में भेलो रहै<ref name="worthwhile">[https://www.worthwhile-magazine.com/articles/a-conversation-with-photographer-oviul-maruf "A Conversation with Photographer Oviul Maruf"]. ''Worthwhile Magazine'', 17 जुलाई 2026.</ref>। हुनी २०२४ में माध्यमिक स्कूल प्रमाणपत्र (SSC) आरू २०२६ में सिलहट के जलालाबाद कैंटोनमेंट पब्लिक स्कूल एंड कॉलेज से उच्च माध्यमिक प्रमाणपत्र (HSC) पूरा करलकै<ref name="earth">[https://earth.org/eo-photographers/oviul-maruf/ "Oviul Maruf"]. ''Earth.Org'', 16 अगस्त 2026.</ref><ref name="projonmo">[https://www.projonmokotha.com/youth/13391/ "তরুণ আলোকচিত্রী মারুফের 'বোটানিক্যাল সাইলেন্স', প্রকৃতির সৌন্দর্যে আন্তর্জাতিক স্বীকৃতি"]. ''Projonmo Kotha'', 28 अगस्त 2026.</ref>।
== फोटोग्राफी करियर ==
मारुफ २०२२ में फोटोग्राफी करै लेली शुरू करलकै। हुनक काम मुख्य रूप से प्राकृतिक रूप आरू रोशनी पर केंद्रित छै, जेकरा ''Collater.al'' पत्रिका "सूक्ष्म दृश्य संरचनाओं" के अन्वेषण के रूप में वर्णित करलकै<ref name="collateral" /><ref name="wallmag">[https://magazine.wallmag.io/long-exposure-through-my-lens-an-interview-with-photographer-oviul-maruf/ "Long Exposure Through My Lens: An Interview with Photographer Oviul Maruf"]. ''Wallmag'', 15 मई 2026.</ref>।
हुनक उल्लेखनीय फोटो श्रृंखला में शामिल छै:
* '''''Botanical Silence''''': पौधों आरू पत्तियों के संरचनात्मक रूपों पर केंद्रित एक न्यूनतम (minimalist) श्रृंखला<ref name="collateral" /><ref name="artbeatbuzz">[https://www.artbeatbuzz.com/post/pictures-of-the-week-check-out-the-long-exposure-photos-from-one-of-our-talented-international-read "Pictures of the week: Check out the long exposure photos"]. ''Art Beat Buzz''.</ref>।
== पुरस्कार ==
* विजेता (Champion) – ''सिलहट पर्यावरण शिखर सम्मेलन फोटोग्राफी प्रतियोगिता''<ref name="earth" /><ref name="projonmo" /><ref name="bicoastal">[https://www.bicoastalreview.com/oviulmaruf "Oviul Maruf"]. ''Bicoastal Review'', 16 अगस्त 2026.</ref><ref name="fotografiska">[https://emerging.fotografiska.com/oviulmaruf "Oviul Maruf"]. ''Fotografiska Emerging''.</ref>।
== संदर्भ ==
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