Wikipédia banwiki https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaca_Utama MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.11 first-letter Média Kusus Pabligbagan Sang Anganggé Pabligbagan Sang Anganggé Wikipédia Pabligbagan Wikipédia Berkas Pabligbagan Berkas MédiaWiki Pabligbagan MédiaWiki Mal Pabligbagan Mal Wantuan Pabligbagan Wantuan Kategori Pabligbagan Kategori TimedText TimedText talk Modul Pabligbagan Modul Acara Pembicaraan Acara 0 33181 277239 137498 2026-07-19T01:00:30Z Chinamoonroll 653 277239 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wiracarita''' {{Sanskerta|वीरचरित|Vīracarita}} utawi kasengguh taler '''épos''' utawi '''épik''' inggih punika soroh susastra tradisional sané nyaritayang indik kaprawiran, Wiracarita keyah marupa [[kakawin]]. Makudang conto épos kaloktah inggih punika [[Ramayana]], [[Mahabharata]], [[Ilias|Illiad]], [[Odosseia|Odysseus]], [[La Chanson de Roland]], [[La Galigo]], miwah taler [[Hikayat Hang Tuah]]. {{Authority control}} [[Kategori:Wiracarita| ]] [[Kategori:Sastra]] cpoos59ephox7rgvw7y0cdf2q0i9gag 277240 277239 2026-07-19T01:00:51Z Chinamoonroll 653 277240 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wiracarita''' {{Sanskerta|वीरचरित|Vīracarita}} utawi kasengguh taler '''épos''' utawi '''épik''' inggih punika soroh susastra tradisional sané nyaritayang indik kaprawiran, Wiracarita keyah marupa [[kakawin]]. Makudang conto épos kaloktah inggih punika [[Ramayana]], [[Mahabharata]], [[Ilias|Illiad]], [[Odisseia|Odysseus]], [[La Chanson de Roland]], [[La Galigo]], miwah taler [[Hikayat Hang Tuah]]. {{Authority control}} [[Kategori:Wiracarita| ]] [[Kategori:Sastra]] i5viknojy9o3x4kc81j4l5wpfd9geyn 3 36358 277247 163790 2026-07-19T10:34:13Z Neriah 3365 Neriah ngingsirang kaca [[Pabligbagan Sang Anganggé:أيوب]] nuju [[Pabligbagan Sang Anganggé:جيمي]]: Secara otomatis memindahkan halaman ketika mengganti nama pengguna "[[Special:CentralAuth/أيوب|أيوب]]" menjadi "[[Special:CentralAuth/جيمي|جيمي]]" 150227 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Rahajeng rauh}} jicot1awoylfbm515w6rwiy9t5l62on 0 65984 277225 276493 2026-07-19T00:26:27Z Stephan1000000 4011 1170 277225 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox animanga/Header | name = One Piece | image = One piece logo.svg<!-- Mohon jangan mengubah sampul tanpa mendiskusikannya terlebih dahulu di halaman pembicaraan; gambar ini mewakili seri ini secara keseluruhan. --> | caption = Gampul sampul manga volume keenam puluh satu | ja_kanji = ONE PIECE （ワンピース） | ja_romaji = Wan Pīsu | genre = <!--Catatan: Gunakan miwah rujuklah sumber tepercaya untuk mengidentifikasi genre, bukannya melalui interpretasi pribadi. Mohon tidak menulis lebih dari tiga genre [[WP:MOS-AM#Konten]] tetap berlaku. Terima kasih.-->[[Fiksi petualangan|Petualangan]], [[fantasi]]<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.viz.com/one-piece|title=The Official Website for One Piece|website=Viz Media|access-date=27 Oktober 2017}}</ref> }} {{Infobox animanga/Print | type = manga | author = [[Eiichiro Oda]] | publisher = [[Shueisha]] | publisher_en = {{English manga publisher|NA=[[Viz Media]]}} | publisher_id = [[Elex Media Komputindo]] | demographic = ''[[Manga shōnen|Shōnen]]'' | magazine = [[Weekly Shōnen Jump]] | magazine_en = {{English manga magazine | NA = [[Weekly Shonen Jump (majalah Amerika Serikat)|Weekly Shonen Jump]] }} | first = {{Start date|1997|7|22}}<!-- Please do NOT change the release date without first discussing it on the talk page. --> | volumes = 115 | volume_list = Daftar volume manga One Piece }} {{Infobox animanga/Video | type = film | title = Defeat Him! The Pirate Ganzack! | director = [[Gorō Taniguchi]] | producer = Tetsuo Daitoku<br/>Hidekazu Terakawa | writer = Hiroaki Kitajima | music = Toshiya Motomichi | studio = [[Production I.G]] | released = {{Start date|1998|7|26}} | runtime = 29 menit }} {{Infobox animanga/Video | type = tv series | director = [[Kōnosuke Uda]] {{Small|(#1–278)}}<br/>[[Junji Shimizu]] {{Small|(#131–159)}}<br/>Munehisa Sakai {{Small|(#244–372)}}<br/>Hiroaki Miyamoto {{small|(#352–679)}}<br/>Toshinori Fukazawa {{Small|(#663–)}}<br/>Satoshi Itō {{Small|(#780–782)}}<br/>[[Tatsuya Nagamine]] {{Small|(#780–782)}}<!-- Hanya sutradara seri, bukan sutradara per episode --> | producer = | writer = Junki Takegami {{Small|(#1–195)}}<br/>Hirohiko Uesaka {{Small|(#196–798)}}<br/>[[Shōji Yonemura]] {{Small|(#799–)}} | music = [[Kohei Tanaka (komposer)|Kohei Tanaka]]<br/>[[Shirō Hamaguchi]] | studio = [[Toei Animation]] | licensee = {{English anime licensee | AUS = [[Madman Entertainment]] | NA = [[Funimation]] | UK = [[Manga Entertainment]] }} | network = [[Fuji Network System|FNS]] ([[Fuji TV]]) | network_en = {{English anime network | JP = [[Animax]] | SEA = [[Animax Asia]] | ID = [[RCTI]] (2002-2006), [[GTV (Indonesia)|Global TV]] (2007-2010) | AU = [[Network Ten]], [[Cartoon Network (Australia)|Cartoon Network]] ([[Toonami (Australia)|Toonami]]) | CA = [[YTV (saluran TV)|YTV]] | NZ = [[Cartoon Network (Australia)|Cartoon Network]], [[TV2 (Selandia Baru)|TV2]] | UK = [[Toonami (Britania Raya & Irlandia)|Toonami]], [[CN Too]] | US = [[Cartoon Network]]/[[Adult Swim]] ([[Toonami]])<br/>[[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] ([[4Kids TV]])<br/>[[TV Japan]] (''subtitle'') | ZA = [[SABC 2]] }} | first = {{Start date|1999|10|20}} | episodes = 1170 | episode_list = Daftar episode One Piece }} {{Infobox animanga/Video | type = film | title = One Piece: Romance Dawn Story | director = Katsumi Tokoro | producer = Yosuke Asama | writer = Tsuyoshi Sakurai | music = Kohei Tanaka<br/>Shiro Hamaguchi | studio = Toei Animation | released = {{Start date|2008|9|21}} | runtime = 34 menit }} {{Infobox animanga/Video | type = ova | title = One Piece Pilem Strong World: Episode 0 | director = Naoyuki Ito | producer = Hiroaki Shibata | writer = Hitoshi Tanaka | music = Kohei Tanaka<br/>Shiro Hamaguchi | studio = Toei Animation | released = {{Start date|2009|12|12}} | runtime = 30 menit }} {{Infobox animanga/Footer}} {{nihongo|'''''One Piece'''''|ワンピース|Wan Pīsu|lead=yes}} inggih punika serial manga Jepang sané kasurat lan kailustrasiang olih [[Eiichiro Oda]]. Puniki sampun kaseri ring majalah ''[[Weekly Shōnen Jump]]'' druén [[Shueisha]] ngawit 22 Juli 1997, miwah sampun kapupulang dados 105 jilid ''[[tankōbon]]'' duk Maret 2023. Carita puniki nyaritayang indik petualangan [[Monkey D. Luffy]], anak lanang sané madué kamampuan ragané prasida élastis sakadi karét sesampun nénten nyelapang ngajeng Woh Iblis. Luffy lan kru bajagné, sané mawasta [[Bajag Topong Somi]], nglimbakang Grand Line antuk ngrereh arta sané pinih ageng ring jagaté sané kaloktah dados "One Piece" mangda prasida dados [[Bajag|Raja Bajag]] selanturné. == Pustaka == {{reflist|30em}} === Wacenan liyanan === * {{cite book|last1=Romito|first1=Joseph|editor1-last=Beaty|editor1-first=Bart H.|editor2-last=Weiner|editor2-first=Stephen|title=Critical Survey of Graphic Novels : Manga|date=2013|publisher=Salem Press|location=Ipswich, Mass.|isbn=9781587659553|pages=242-246|chapter=One Piece}} * {{cite journal|last1=Sasada|first1=Hiroko|title=The Otherness of Heroes: The Shonen as Outsider and Altruist in Oda Eiichiro's ''One Piece''|journal=International Research in Children's Literature|date=December 2011|volume=4|issue=2|pages=192–207|doi=10.3366/ircl.2011.0026 |issn = 1755-6198}} === Pranala jaba === * [http://one-piece.com/ Situs web resmi] {{ja}} * [http://www.j-onepiece.com/ Situs web resmi manga] ring ''[[Weekly Shōnen Jump]]'' {{ja}} * [http://www.toei-anim.co.jp/tv/onep/ Situs web resmi animé] ring [[Toei Animation]] {{ja}} * [http://www.viz.com/one-piece Situs web resmi manga] ring [[Viz Media]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160110161646/http://www.onepiece.com.au/grandline/ Situs web resmi] ring [[Madman Entertainment]] * [http://onepieceofficial.com/ Situs web resmi] ring [[Funimation]] * {{ann|manga|1223}} {{wikiquote}} {{Autocommonscat1}} {{One Piece}} {{Series in Weekly Shōnen Jump}} {{Weekly Shōnen Jump - 1990–1999}} {{Production I.G}} {{Toonami Cartoon Network}} {{Toonami Adult Swim}} [[Kategori:One Piece| ]] [[Kategori:Manga warsa 1997]] [[Kategori:Pilem animé]] [[Kategori:Pilem Jepang warsa 1998]] [[Kategori:Seri animé warsa 1999]] [[Kategori:Pilem Jepang warsa 2008]] [[Kategori:OVA animé warsa 2009]] [[Kategori:Anime miwah manga petualangan]] [[Kategori:Seri animé yang didasarkan dari manga]] [[Kategori:Asia Television Limited]] [[Kategori:Komik Cyborg]] [[Kategori:Anime miwah manga fantasi]] [[Kategori:Program televisi Fuji TV]] [[Kategori:Funimation]] [[Kategori:Seri televisi laga Jepang]] [[Kategori:Seri televisi fantasi Jepang]] [[Kategori:Manga yang diadaptasi menjaring film]] [[Kategori:Odex]] [[Kategori:Pembajakan ring fiksi]] [[Kategori:Manga shōnen]] [[Kategori:Manga Shueisha]] [[Kategori:Fiksi indik perubahan ukuran]] [[Kategori:Animasi video asli Toei Animation]] [[Kategori:Televisi Toei Animation]] [[Kategori:Toonami]] [[Kategori:Manga Viz Media]] [[Kategori:Peperangan ring fiksi]] [[Kategori:Bajak laut ring animé miwah manga]] 2wq325n6kxr8fdba5eux38deagaisrr 0 70857 277184 252140 2026-07-18T14:04:06Z Angayubagia 6 /* Pustaka */ 277184 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|3.119891193712261|99.14033429982281|display=title}} {{Kecamatan |nama = Dolok Batu Nanggar |peta = |gambar = (Peta Lokasi) Kecamatan Dolok Batu Nanggar, Kabupaten Simalungun.svg |caption = Peta genah kecamatan Dolok Batu Nanggar ring Simalungun |koordinat = |propinsi = Sumatra Utara |dati2 = Kabupatén |nama dati2 = Simalungun |nama camat = <!-- Diisi dengan nama camat atau kepala distrik. --> |nama sekcam = <!-- Diisi dengan nama sekcam atau kepala distrik. --> |kode pos = 21155 |luas = |penduduk = |kepadatan = |kelurahan = 2 kelurahan<br/>14 désa |suku bangsa = |agama = }}{{Suratan basa alus}} '''Dolok Batu Nanggar''' (Aksara Bali: ᬤᭀᬮᭀᬓ᭄​ᬩᬢᬸ​ᬦᬂᬕᬃ) inggih punika silih tunggil [[kecamatan]] ring [[Kabupatén Simalungun]], propinsi [[Sumatra Utara]], ring panegara [[Indonésia]].<ref name="Permendagri-137-2017">{{cite web|url= https://archive.org/details/PermendagriNo.137Tahun2017 |title= Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 137 Tahun 2017 tentang Kode dan Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Républik Indonésia |access-date= 3 Oktober 2019 |archive-url= https://archive.org/details/PermendagriNo.137Tahun2017/mode/2up |archive-date= 29 Désémber 2018}}</ref><ref name="Permendagri-72-2019">{{cite web|url= http://jdih.setjen.kemendagri.go.id/pm/Permendagri%20No%2072%20Th%202019+lampiran.pdf |title= Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 72 Tahun 2019 tentang Perubahan atas Permendagri nomor 137 Tahun 2017 tentang Kode dan Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan |archive-url= https://archive.org/details/permendagriindonesia722019 |archive-date= 25 Oktober 2019 |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Républik Indonésia |access-date= 15 Januari 2020}}</ref><ref name="Kepmendagri-050-145-2022">{{Cite web |last= Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |date= 2022-02-14 |url= https://jdih.kpu.go.id/data/data_kepkpu/2022kpt274.pdf |title= Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri Indonesia Nomor 050-145 Tahun 2022 tentang Pemberian dan Pemutakhiran Kode, Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan dan Pulau tahun 2021 |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220807035020/https://jdih.kpu.go.id/data/data_kepkpu/2022kpt274.pdf |archive-date= 2022-08-07 |access-date= 2022-12-29}}</ref><ref name="CC-Kepmendagri-300.2.2-2138-2025">{{Cite web |last= Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |date= 2025-04-25 |url= https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Keputusan_Menteri_Dalam_Negeri_Nomor_300.2.2-2138_Tahun_2025.pdf |title= Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri Indonesia Nomor 300.2.2-2138 Tahun 2025 tentang Pemberian dan Pemutakhiran Kode, Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan dan Pulau |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |access-date= 2025-06-14 }}</ref> == Pamréntahan == === Wawengkon administratip === Puniki indik wewidangan administrasi 2 kelurahan miwah 14 désa ring kecamatan Dolok Batu Nanggar: ==== Désa ==== {{col-css3-begin|2}} * [[Bah Tobu, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Bah Tobu]] * [[Bahung Huluan, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Bahung Huluan]] * [[Bahung Kahean, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Bahung Kahean]] * [[Bandar Selamat, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Bandar Selamat]] * [[Dolok Ilir I, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Dolok Ilir I]] * [[Dolok Ilir II, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Dolok Ilir II]] * [[Dolok Kataran, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Dolok Kataran]] * [[Dolok Mainu, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Dolok Mainu]] * [[Dolok Merangir I, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Dolok Merangir I]] * [[Dolok Merangir II, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Dolok Merangir II]] * [[Dolok Tenera, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Dolok Tenera]] * [[Kahean, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Kahean]] * [[Padang Mainu, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Padang Mainu]] * [[Silenduk, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Silenduk]] {{col-css3-end}} ==== Kelurahan ==== * [[Aman Sari, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Aman Sari]] * [[Serbelawan, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Serbelawan]] == Demograpi == === Agama === Akeh krama ring Kecamatan Dolok Batu Nanggar sane nganutin agama Islam. {{bar box |title=Agama ring Kecamatan Dolok Batu Nanggar (2024)<ref name="DUKCAPIL AGAMA">{{cite web|url=https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/|title=Visualisasi Data Kependudukan|website=www.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id|accessdate=27 April 2026}}</ref> |titlebar=#ddd |left1=Agama |right1=Persen |float=left |bars= {{bar percent|[[Islam]] |green |90.80}} {{bar percent|[[Protestanisme|Kristen Protestan]] |blue |8.08}} {{bar percent|[[Katolik|Kristen Katolik]] |yellow|0.58}} {{bar percent|[[Agama Hindu|Hindu]] |red |0.00}} {{bar percent|[[Buddhisme|Buddha]] |grey |0.52}} {{bar percent|[[Agama Konghucu|Konghucu]] |white |0.00}} {{bar percent|[[Agama asli Nusantara|Kepercayaan terhadap Tuhan YME]]|black |0.02}} }} == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} === Pranala jaba === * {{id}} [https://sumutprov.go.id Situs Resmi Pamrentahan Propinsi Sumatera Utara] * {{id}} [https://sumut.bps.go.id Situs Badan Pusat Statistik Propinsi Sumatera Utara] * {{id}} [https://simalungunkab.go.id Situs Resmi Pamrentahan Kabupatén Simalungun] * {{id}} [https://simalungunkab.bps.go.id/ Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupatén Simalungun] ''cutetan: URL dados kauahin/ilang. Yening URL nenten aktip, ngiring kaapus saking lis.'' {{Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun}} {{Kabupatén Simalungun}} {{Authority control}} [[Kategori:Kabupatén Simalungun]] [[Kategori:Kecamatan ring Kabupatén Simalungun]] [[Kategori:Kecamatan ring Sumatra Utara]] {{kecamatan-stub}} nafugvom9zaxkiv90ta9zcfkmuofufj 277185 277184 2026-07-18T14:05:37Z Angayubagia 6 277185 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|3.119891193712261|99.14033429982281|display=title}} {{Kecamatan |nama = Dolok Batu Nanggar |peta = |gambar = (Peta Lokasi) Kecamatan Dolok Batu Nanggar, Kabupaten Simalungun.svg |caption = Peta genah kecamatan Dolok Batu Nanggar ring Simalungun |koordinat = |propinsi = Sumatra Utara |dati2 = Kabupatén |nama dati2 = Simalungun |nama camat = <!-- Diisi dengan nama camat atau kepala distrik. --> |nama sekcam = <!-- Diisi dengan nama sekcam atau kepala distrik. --> |kode pos = 21155 |luas = |penduduk = |kepadatan = |kelurahan = 2 kelurahan<br/>14 désa |suku bangsa = |agama = }}{{Suratan basa alus}} '''Dolok Batu Nanggar''' (Aksara Bali: ᬤᭀᬮᭀᬓ᭄​ᬩᬢᬸ​ᬦᬂᬕᬃ) inggih punika silih tunggil [[kecamatan]] ring [[Kabupatén Simalungun]], propinsi [[Sumatra Utara]], ring panegara [[Indonésia]].<ref name="Permendagri-137-2017">{{cite web|url= https://archive.org/details/PermendagriNo.137Tahun2017 |title= Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 137 Tahun 2017 tentang Kode dan Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Républik Indonésia |access-date= 3 Oktober 2019 |archive-url= https://archive.org/details/PermendagriNo.137Tahun2017/mode/2up |archive-date= 29 Désémber 2018}}</ref><ref name="Permendagri-72-2019">{{cite web|url= http://jdih.setjen.kemendagri.go.id/pm/Permendagri%20No%2072%20Th%202019+lampiran.pdf |title= Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 72 Tahun 2019 tentang Perubahan atas Permendagri nomor 137 Tahun 2017 tentang Kode dan Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan |archive-url= https://archive.org/details/permendagriindonesia722019 |archive-date= 25 Oktober 2019 |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Républik Indonésia |access-date= 15 Januari 2020}}</ref><ref name="Kepmendagri-050-145-2022">{{Cite web |last= Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |date= 2022-02-14 |url= https://jdih.kpu.go.id/data/data_kepkpu/2022kpt274.pdf |title= Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri Indonesia Nomor 050-145 Tahun 2022 tentang Pemberian dan Pemutakhiran Kode, Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan dan Pulau tahun 2021 |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220807035020/https://jdih.kpu.go.id/data/data_kepkpu/2022kpt274.pdf |archive-date= 2022-08-07 |access-date= 2022-12-29}}</ref><ref name="CC-Kepmendagri-300.2.2-2138-2025">{{Cite web |last= Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |date= 2025-04-25 |url= https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Keputusan_Menteri_Dalam_Negeri_Nomor_300.2.2-2138_Tahun_2025.pdf |title= Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri Indonesia Nomor 300.2.2-2138 Tahun 2025 tentang Pemberian dan Pemutakhiran Kode, Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan dan Pulau |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |access-date= 2025-06-14 }}</ref> Ring sajeroning pendidikan, Dolok Batu Nanggar madue makudang-kudang sekolah, minakadi SMPN 1 Dolok Batu Nanggar, Muhammadiyah 21 SMP Swasta Dolok Batu Nanggar, miwah Al-Wasliyah 55 SMP Swasta. Antuk SMA, wenten asiki sekolah negeri, SMAN 1 Dolok Batu Nanggar, lan makudang-kudang SMA swasta, minakadi Muhammadiyah 7 SMA Swasta Dolok Batu Nanggar, Al-Wasliyah 2 SMA Swasta Serbelawan, Al-Wasliyah 7 SMA SMK Swasta Serbedra Ali6 Malawan, lan3. Wewidangan puniki kawangun duk masa kolonial Belanda pinaka zona penyangga majeng ring perkebunan sawit miwah rami ring Dolok Ilir miwah Laras, sane kakelola olih Perkebunan Nusantara IV. Wewidangan punika taler dados zona penyangga majeng ring perkebunan lan pabrik karet Good Year ring Dolok Merangir, sane kawangun olih Amerika Serikat, sane mangkin kadruenang olih Bridgestone saking Jepang. Makudang-kudang tokoh nasional sampun maurip ring wewidangan puniki, minakadi Tumpal Dorianus Pardede, Probosutedjo, Surya Paloh, miwah Kamarudin Panggabean. == Pamréntahan == === Wawengkon administratip === Puniki indik wewidangan administrasi 2 kelurahan miwah 14 désa ring kecamatan Dolok Batu Nanggar: ==== Désa ==== {{col-css3-begin|2}} * [[Bah Tobu, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Bah Tobu]] * [[Bahung Huluan, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Bahung Huluan]] * [[Bahung Kahean, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Bahung Kahean]] * [[Bandar Selamat, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Bandar Selamat]] * [[Dolok Ilir I, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Dolok Ilir I]] * [[Dolok Ilir II, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Dolok Ilir II]] * [[Dolok Kataran, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Dolok Kataran]] * [[Dolok Mainu, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Dolok Mainu]] * [[Dolok Merangir I, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Dolok Merangir I]] * [[Dolok Merangir II, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Dolok Merangir II]] * [[Dolok Tenera, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Dolok Tenera]] * [[Kahean, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Kahean]] * [[Padang Mainu, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Padang Mainu]] * [[Silenduk, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Silenduk]] {{col-css3-end}} ==== Kelurahan ==== * [[Aman Sari, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Aman Sari]] * [[Serbelawan, Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun|Serbelawan]] == Demograpi == === Agama === Akeh krama ring Kecamatan Dolok Batu Nanggar sane nganutin agama Islam. {{bar box |title=Agama ring Kecamatan Dolok Batu Nanggar (2024)<ref name="DUKCAPIL AGAMA">{{cite web|url=https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/|title=Visualisasi Data Kependudukan|website=www.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id|accessdate=27 April 2026}}</ref> |titlebar=#ddd |left1=Agama |right1=Persen |float=left |bars= {{bar percent|[[Islam]] |green |90.80}} {{bar percent|[[Protestanisme|Kristen Protestan]] |blue |8.08}} {{bar percent|[[Katolik|Kristen Katolik]] |yellow|0.58}} {{bar percent|[[Agama Hindu|Hindu]] |red |0.00}} {{bar percent|[[Buddhisme|Buddha]] |grey |0.52}} {{bar percent|[[Agama Konghucu|Konghucu]] |white |0.00}} {{bar percent|[[Agama asli Nusantara|Kepercayaan terhadap Tuhan YME]]|black |0.02}} }} == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} === Pranala jaba === * {{id}} [https://sumutprov.go.id Situs Resmi Pamrentahan Propinsi Sumatera Utara] * {{id}} [https://sumut.bps.go.id Situs Badan Pusat Statistik Propinsi Sumatera Utara] * {{id}} [https://simalungunkab.go.id Situs Resmi Pamrentahan Kabupatén Simalungun] * {{id}} [https://simalungunkab.bps.go.id/ Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupatén Simalungun] ''cutetan: URL dados kauahin/ilang. Yening URL nenten aktip, ngiring kaapus saking lis.'' {{Dolok Batu Nanggar, Simalungun}} {{Kabupatén Simalungun}} {{Authority control}} [[Kategori:Kabupatén Simalungun]] [[Kategori:Kecamatan ring Kabupatén Simalungun]] [[Kategori:Kecamatan ring Sumatra Utara]] {{kecamatan-stub}} eso8wsdrz0ib3gzu21ofkd425esbqq7 0 74206 277183 264308 2026-07-18T14:02:50Z Angayubagia 6 /* Basa lan Babad */ 277183 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox manuscript | name = Adi Parwa | location = [[Bali]] <!----------Image----------> | image = | width = | caption = <!----------General----------> | Also known as = | Type = | Date = | Place of origin = [[Bali]] | Language(s) = [[Basa Bali]] | Scribe(s) = Rsi Wedawyasa | Author(s) = | Compiled by = [[Petrus Josephus Zoetmulder]] | Illuminated by = | Patron = | Dedicated to = <!----------Form and content----------> | Material = | Size = | Format = [[lontar]]<br/>pustaka | Condition = | Script = [[Aksara Bali]] | Contents = [[Epos Mahabharata]] | Illumination(s) = | Additions = | Exemplar(s) = | Previously kept = | Discovered = | Accession = | Other = | below = }} [[Berkas:Adiparwa-Dinas_Pendidikan_Daerah_Tingkat_I-Bali.JPG|ka|jmpl|324x324px|Adiparwa versi Jawa Kuno sane kamedalang olih Dinas Pendidikan Provinsi Bali.]] '''Adiparwa''' ( [[Basa Sansekerta|basa sansekerta]] : {{Lang|sa|आदिपर्व}}, {{IAST|''Ādiparva''}} ) inggih punika buku kapertama utawi pahan (parwa) kapertama saking carita [[Mahabharata]]. Sujatine pahan puniki madaging ringkesan saking jangkep satua Mahabharata, satua-satua indik wit carita, lelangit kulawarga Bharata, kantos ring masa yowana Korawa lan [[Pandawa]]. Carita punika kacaritayang ring carita bingkai lan alur caritane kecag-kecog mawinan nenten membah becik. Carita [[Mahabharata|kulawarga Bharata]] kakawitin antuk babaosan Ida Bagawan Ugrasrawa sane ngrauhin Ida Bagawan Sonaka ring alas Nemisa. == Pah-pahan Adiparwa == Pah-pahan kitab Adiparwa inggih punika: {| {{prettytable}} border="2" | * Carita Ugrasrawa (Ugraçrawā) indik kawentenan genah pasiraman Samantapañcaka miwah indik kacaritayang satua Mahabharata olih Bhagawan Waisampayana (Waiçampāyana). Carita sane dawa puniki kacaritayang sangkaning pinunas Maharaja Janamejaya, raja Hastinapura, okan Raja [[Parikesit|Parikshit]] (Parīkşit) lan putun para Pandawa. Bhagawan Waisampayana matetujon nglipur sang maharaja antuk yadnya ula (sarpayajña) sane nanten mamargi antar. Yadnya punika kalaksanayang anggen ngukum naga Taksaka, sane sampun ngamademang Raja Parikshit. ** Lianan ring punika, Sang Ugrasrawa taler nlatarang ringkesan indik plekutus parwa sane ngawangun Mahabharata; akeh bab, ayat (çloka) miwah daging soang-soang parwa. |- | * Carita Ida Sang Maharaja Janamejaya sane kapastu olih Ida Sang Sarama, sane mapuara yadnya sane kamargiang olih Ida Sang Maharaja nenten mamargi antar. |- | * Carita Bhagawan Dhomya miwah sisian Idane tigang diri inggih punika: Sang Arunika, Sang Utamanyu, miwah Sang Weda. Kalanturang antuk carita Posya, indik satua witnyane sang Uttangka, sisian sang Weda sane mamusuh sareng naga Taksaka. Punika mawinan Sang Uttangka raris nglemesin Ida Sang Maharaja [[Janamejaya]] mangda ngamargiang sarpayajña, utawi [[Upacara|yadnya]] [[Ular|lelipi]] . |- | * Carita witnyane Hyang [[Agni]] (dewa api), sane nglebur sakancan sane wenten, napi manten prasida katunjel, tan pabinayan. Taler nyaritayang piteket sang Ruru mangda nuutin pamargi Sang Astika, sane nyayubin lelipi miwah naga saking yadnya maharaja Janamejaya. |- | * Carita Astika; kakawitin saking satua sang Jaratkāru marabian sareng Nāgini (naga istri) tur ngembasang sang Astika, satua indik embasnyane [[Naga|sang naga]] miwah [[Garuda|sang Garuda]], naga-naga sane kapastu olih biangnyane mangda kaajeng antuk geni ring yadnya ula, para naga sane puik sareng garuda, kantos utsaha para naga sane makelid saking yadnya ula. ** Ring carita puniki wenten taler carita indik utsaha para dewa mangda ngamolihang tirta [[amrta]] utawi toya kauripan, taler indik wit gerhana matanai lan bulan . |- | * Carita witnyane Prabu [[Parikesit]] kapastu olih Bhagawan Çrunggī mawinan seda risampune kacotot olih naga Taksaka. |- | * Carita indik yadnya sarpa sane kamargiang olih Maharaja [[Janamejaya]], lan sapunapi Bhagawan Astika ngwangdeang yadnya sarpa puniki. |- | * Carita indik witnyane miwah sejarah lelangit para Korawa miwah Pandawa. Carita Sakuntala (Çakuntala) sane maputra Sang Bharata, sane selanturnyane maputra kulawarga Bharata. Ngantos ring Sang Kuru, sane ngardi tegal Kuruksetra; sang Hasti, sane ngawangun Hastinapura; maharaja Santanu (Çantanu) sane madue putra [[Bhisma|Bhîsma Dewabrata]], embasnyane Bhgawan [[Byasa]] (Byâsa utawi Abiyasa) – pangawi carita puniki – kantos embasnyane [[Dhrestarastra]] (Dhŗţarāstra) – ajin para Korawa, [[Pandu]] – ajin para Pandawa, miwah sang Widura |- | * Carita indik embas miwah masa alit Sang Korawa miwah Sang Pandawa. Sang Korawa sareng Sang Pandawa sane mamusuh saking alit, carita Dang Hyang [[Drona]], kantos sang Karna dados Adipati Awangga. |- | * Carita para Pandawa sane kantun truna. Umah damar sane kaenjutin, carita indik [[Bima (tokoh Mahabharata)|Bima]] (Bhîma) ngaonang raksasa Hidimba tur nganten sareng arinnyane Hidimbî ( [[Arimbi]] ) lan embasnyane Gatotkaca, Pandawa sane menang swayambara tur ngamolihang Dropadi, kerajaan [[Arjuna|Hastina]] sane kapah dados kalih antuk para Korawa miwah Pandawa. Sang Arjuna sane lunga ka alas salamine 12 warsa, embasnyane [[Abimanyu|Sang Abhimanyu]] (Abhimanyu), ajin Sang Pariksit, kantos alas Kandhawa genah Sang Naga Taksaka mengkeb punika kageseng. |} '''Catetan''': Carita-carita puniki kacaritayang marupa [[carita bingkai]]. == Ringkasan isin Kitab Adiparwa == Adiparwa katuturang sakadi narasi. Narasi daging cakepan punika kakawitin ri kala Sang Ugrasrawa ngrauhin Bhagawan Sonaka sane sedek nglaksanayang yadnya ring alas Nemisa. Sang Ugrasrawa nguningayang ring Bagawan Sonaka indik kawentenan pupulan kitab sane mawasta Astadasaparwa, unteng caritanyane inggih punika carita indik payudan para Pandawa sareng para Korawa, pratisentanan sang Bharata. Saking carita Sang Ugrasrawa, membah carita mautama indik kulawarga Bharata (Mahabharata). === Sedan Ida Sang Prabhu Parikesit === Kacritayang, wenten raja mapesengan Parikesit, putran Sang [[Abimanyu|Abhimanyu]], madeg nata ring Hastinapura. Ida wantah warih Sang Kuru, punika awinan ida mapesengan Kuruwangsa. Sedek dina anu, ida sedek maboros [[kidang]] ka tengahing alas. Kidange katututin kanti tusing bakat baana ngetut. Ring alase ida raris kacunduk sareng pandita sane mapesengan Bagawan Samiti. Ida Sang Prabu mataken kija lakuna kidang sane sedek kaborosin, nanging sang pandita meneng (monabrata). Indike punika ngawinang Ida Sang Prabu Parikesit krodha. Ida ngambil bangke [[Lelipi|ula]], raris kakalungang ring baong sang pandita. Putran sang pandita, Srenggi, uning ring indike punika saking pasadun sang Kresa, raris ida bendu pisan. Ida mastu Ida Sang Prabu mangda padem sangkaning cotot lelipi, malih pitung rahina sasampun pastu punika kaucapang. Sasampune Ida Sang Prabu nerima pastu punika, ida raris masayuban ring menara sane kajaga olih panjak miwah para perdana menteri idane. Ring sajebag menara punika taler sampun kasiagayang para panguasdhan sane wikan ring sajeroning nambanin anak keni racun [[Lelipi|ula]]. Ring rahina kaping pitu, rahina sane katarka pacang seda, wenten [[naga]] sane mawasta Taksaka nyutirupa dados uled ring nyambu sane kaaturang ring Ida Sang Prabu. Pamuputne Ida Sang Prabhu seda risampune kacotot olih Naga Taksaka, sane nyutirupa dados uled ring nyambune. === Raja Janamejaya Nglaksanayang Upacara Yadnya Sarpa === Sasampune Ida Maharaja Parikshit seda, putran idane sane mapesengan Janamejaya ngentosin dados raja. Duk punika, dane kantun alit, nanging sampun madue kasaktian, wikan, tur prarai sane bagus. Ida Sang Prabu Janamejaya marabian sareng sang putri saking Kerajaan Kasi, sane mapesengan Bhamustiman. Ida Sang Prabhu Janamejaya dados raja sane adil tur wicaksana mawinan jagate trepti, samian mesehe pastika prasida kakaonang. Ri tatkala Ida Sang Prabhu prasida ngaonang desa Taksila, Sang Uttangka tangkil ring Ida Sang Prabu saha nguningayang indik dewekne sane gedeg sareng Naga Taksaka, sinambi taler nguningayang indik sane ngawinang ajine seda wantah sangkaning parilaksanan Naga Taksaka. Ida Sang Prabu nyelehin caritane punika, miwah para patih idane menehang carita Sang Uttangka. Ida Sang Prabu kaaturin mangda ngawentenang yadnya sarpa anggen ngwales Naga Taksaka. Cutetang caritane, Ida ngamkamin sakancan piranti upacara tur ngulemin para pandita lan sang widagda ring mantra mangda nyarengin upacarane. Manggihin Ida Sang Prabu ngawentenang upacara punika, Naga Taksaka dados bungsah bulisah. Raris ida ngutus Sang Astika mangda ngalangin upacara Ida Sang Prabu. Sang Astika nrima tugas punika raris nuju genah upacarane. Sang Astika ngaturang sembah ring Ida Sang Prabu saha mapinunas mangda upacarané punika kapuputang. Ida Sang Prabu, rumasa welas asih ring Sang Astika, raris ngwangdeang upacara punika. Pamuputne Sang Astika mapamit pacang mawali ka Nagaloka. Naga Taksaka selamet saking upacara punika. === Wesampayana nyaritayang indik Mahabharata === Ida Maharaja Janamejaya sane sungsut ring kayun antuk tan paripurna upacara punika, nunas ring Bhagawan Byasa mangda nyritayang indik lelangit idane, taler nyritayang indik [[Pandawa]] miwah Korawa sane mayuda ring Kuruksetra. Duaning Ida Bhagawan Byasa kaliput antuk parindikan siosan, raris katunasin Ida Bagawan Wesampayana mangda ngangganin Ida. Ida wantah sisia Bhagawan Byasa, pangawi carita ageng indik kulawarga Bharata utawi [[Mahabharata]] . Sakadi pangaptin Ida Sang Prabu Janamejaya, Bagawan Wesampayana nartayang satua majeng ring Ida Sang Prabu, inggih punika satua sadurung sang prabu embas, satua indik Pandawa miwah Korawa, satua indik yuda ring Kuruksetra, miwah satua indik lalintihan lelangit sang prabu. Wesampayana kapertama nyritayang indik lelangit Maharaja Janamejaya ( Sakuntala, Duswanta, Bharata, Yayati, Puru, Kuru ), salanturnyane nyaritayang indik lelangit idane, inggih punika para Pandawa lan Korawa . ==== Lalintih Pratisentana Maharaja Yayati ==== Leluhur Maharaja Janamejaya sane ngembasang sang sane ngawangun wangsa Puru lan Yadu mawasta Maharaja Yayati, ida madue istri kakalih, mawasta Devayani lan Sarmishta. Dewayani ngembasang Yadu miwah Turwasu, raris Ida Sang Sarmishta ngembasang Anu, Druhyu, miwah Puru. Pratisentana Yadu kawastanin Yadawa tur pratisentana Puru kawastanin Paurawa. <div class="center"> {{familytree/start}} {{familytree | SUK |y| JYT | | NHS |y| ASO | | | | WRE |WRE=[[Wresaparwa]]|NHS=[[Nahusa]]|SUK=[[Sukra]]|JYT=[[Jayanti (mitologi)|Jayanti]]|ASO=<div style="font-size:90%;">[[Asokasundari]]</div>}} {{familytree | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!|}} {{familytree | | | DWY |~|~|y|~|~| YYT |~|~|y|~|~| SMT |DWY=[[Dewayani]]|YYT='''[[Yayati]]'''|SMT=[[Sarmista]]}} {{familytree | |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|.| | | |,|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.| |}} {{familytree | YDU | | TWS | | MAD | | DHY | | ANU | | PRU |YDU=[[Yadu]]|TWS=[[Turwasu]]|DHY=[[Druhyu]]|ANU=[[Anu (Hindu)|Anu]]|PRU=[[Puru (mitologi)|Puru]]|MAD=[[Madawi]]}} {{familytree | |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | |!|}} {{familytree |border=0|boxstyle=background:#cff;font-size:90% | YDW | | YWN | | 4pa| | WBJ | | MLE | | PRW |YDW='''[[Yadawa|Bangsa{{br}}Yadawa]]'''|PRW='''[[Paurawa|Wangsa{{br}}Paurawa]]'''|YWN=[[Yawana|Suku{{br}}Yawana]]|WBJ=Dinasti{{br}}Waiboja|MLE=[[Mleccha|Bangsa{{br}}Mleccha]]|4pa=4 putra}} {{familytree/end}} </div> Ring lalintihan pratisentana Paurawa, embas Maharaja Dushyanta, marabian sareng [[Sakuntala (Mahabharata)|Sakuntala]], sane raris ngembasang Sang Bharata. Sang Bharata ngisiang jagat tur wawidangan sane kajajah sane raris kaloktah dados Bharatawarsa. Sang Bharata sane ngembasang Wangsa Bharata. Ring Wangsa Bharata embas Sang Kuru, sane nyuciang genah sane mawasta [[Kurukshetra]], raris ngembasang Kuruwangsa, utawi Wangsa Kuru. Risampune makudang-kudang sentana, embas Prabhu Santanu, sane madeg nata ring Hastinapura. Ida Sang Prabu Santanu madue istri kakalih, inggih punika [[Dewi Gangga]] miwah [[Satyawati]]. Dewi Gangga ngembasang [[Bisma|Bhisma]], raris Satyawati ngembasang [[Chitrāngada]] miwah [[Wicitrawirya]]. Duaning Chitrāngada kantun alit sampun seda tur Bhisma masumpah nenten pacang ngwarisin tahta punika, Wicitrawirya nglanturang pamrentahan ajinidane. Wicitrawirya madue prami kakalih, inggih punika [[Ambika (Mahabharata)|Ambika]] miwah [[Ambalika (Ambalika)|Ambalika]]. Saking Ambika embas Drestarastra miwah saking Ambalika embas Pandu. Drestarastra madue putra satus diri sane mapesengan Korawaçata (satus Kaurawa), Pandu madue putra lanang limang diri sane mapesengan Panca [[Pandawa]] (limang putran Pandu). <center>{{familytree/start}} {{familytree | | | | |ket | | pur | | boxstyle_ket=background:#dfd; border:0px |ket=''Pratisentana{{br}}[[Yayati]]''| pur='''[[Paurawa|Wangsa{{br}}Paurawa]]}} {{familytree | | | | | | | | | |!| | |}} {{familytree | | | | | sak |y| dsw | | sak=[[Sakuntala]]|dsw=[[Duswanta]]}} {{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | |}} {{familytree | | |watsa|y| bar | | bar=[[Bharata (raja)|Bharata]]|watsa=Watsa}} {{familytree | | | | | |!| |}} {{familytree | | | | | bar | |bhar | bhar=''Kulawarga{{br}}Bharata''| boxstyle_bhar=background:#dfd; border:0px |bar='''[[Bharata (raja)|Dinasti{{br}}Bharata]]'''}} {{familytree | | | | | |!| | | |}} {{familytree | | | | |kuru |y|yamad| | kuru=[[Kuru (raja)|Kuru]]|yamad=Yamadi|}} {{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | }} {{familytree | | |kuru | | kur | boxstyle_kuru=background:#dfd; border:0px | kuru=''Para Raja{{br}}[[Hastinapura]]''| kur='''[[Dinasti Kuru|Dinasti{{br}}Kuru]]'''}} {{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | |}} {{familytree | | | sun |y| pra | | sun=Sunanda|pra=[[Pratipa]]|}} {{familytree | | | | | |!| | |}} {{familytree |ganga|y|santa|~|y|~|satya|~|y|~| par | par=[[Parasara]]|ganga=[[Gangga (Hindu)|Gangga]]|santa=[[Santanu]]|satya=[[Satyawati]]|}} {{familytree | |,|-|'| |,|-|-|^|.| | | | |`|-|-|.|}} {{familytree | bsm | | ctr | | wic |~| ist |y| bya | bsm=[[Bisma]]|ctr=[[Citrānggada]]|wic=[[Wicitrawirya]]|bya=[[Byasa]]|ist=''2 istri''|}} {{familytree | | | | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|'| | | | | | |}} {{familytree |ganda|y|dres | |kunti|y|pandu|y|madri| | madri=[[Madri]]|kunti=[[Kunti]]|pandu=[[Pandu]]|dres=[[Dretarastra]]|ganda=[[Gandari]]|}} {{familytree | |,|-|^|-|.|`|-|-|.| |!| | | |!|}} {{familytree | krw | | dur | | yuy |`| pdw |'| yuy=[[Yuyutsu]]|dur=[[Dursala]]| pdw=[[Pandawa|''5&nbsp;Pandawa'']]| krw=[[Korawa|''100&nbsp;Korawa'']]|}} {{familytree/end}} </center> ==== Carita Prabhu Santanu miwah Pratisentanane ==== [[Berkas:Ravi_Varma-Shantanu_and_Satyavati.jpg|ka|jmpl|354x354px|Prabu Santanu tresna sareng [[Satyawati]], okan bendega ''(kagambar olih Raja Rawi Varma ).'']] Wenten raja mapesengan Sang Pratipa, ida silih tunggil sentana Sang Kuru utawi Kuruwangsa, madeg nata ring Hastinapura. Prabhu Pratipa madue prami sane mapesengan Sunandha saking Kerajaan Siwi, sane ngembasang putra lanang-lanang tigang diri. Saking tetiga putrane punika, [[Santanu]] sane kaadegang dados Raja. Prabu Santanu marabian sareng Dewi Gangga, raris madue putra 8 diri. Putran idane sane pitung diri kaanyudang ring tukade olih rabin idane ngraga, putrannyane sane kaping untat prasida selamet santukan parilaksana rabin idane kaandegang olih Prabu Santanu. Putrane mapesengan [[Bisma|Dewabrata]], nanging salanturnyane mapesengan [[Bisma|Bhisma]]. Prabu Santanu marabian malih apisan sareng anak istri okan bendega sane mawasta [[Satyawati]]. Satyawati ngembasang putra kakalih, sane mapesengan Chitrāngada miwah Wicitrawirya. Chitrāngada ngwarisin tahta ajin idane. Nanging, riantukan Ida seda duk kari alit ring payudan nglawan Raja Gandharwa, pamrentahan idane kagentosin olih semeton idane, Wicitrawirya. Wicitrawirya marabian sareng Ambika lan Ambalika saking Kerajaan Kasi. Tan suwe sasampun ida marabian, Wicitrawirya raris seda. Mangda prasida madue oka, makakalih istrine Wicitrawirya ngamargiang upacara sane kaenter olih Bagawan Byasa. Ambika ngembasang Sang Dhritarashtra sane buta, Ambalika ngembasang Sang Pandu sane acum. Sangkaning pasuecan Bhagawan Byasa, wenten parekan sane nyarengin upacara punika ngembasang putra lanang adiri, mapesengan Widura sane perot akidik. Sang Drestarastra marabian sareng Gandhari raris madue putra satus diri sane mawasta Korawa. Sang Pandu marabian sareng Kunti miwah [[Madri]]. Kunti ngembasang [[Yudistira]], [[Bima (Mahabharata)|Bima]], miwah [[Arjuna]]. Sang Madri ngembasang [[Nakula]] miwah [[Sadewa|Sahadewa]] . Sentanan Sang Pandu punika kawastanin [[Pandawa]] . ==== Carita Masa Yowana Pandawa miwah Korawa ==== {{utama|Pandawa}} [[Pandawa]] miwah Korawa meneng sareng-sareng ring puri Hastinapura. [[Drona|Bhagawan Drona]] dados gurune saking alit, kasarengin antuk putran Idane Sang Aswatama. Pandawa miwah Korawa taler kaemban olih [[Bisma|Bhisma]] miwah Bhagawan Kripa. Sasampun Ida Sang Pandu seda, rakan idane sane mawasta Sang Drestarastra, nglanturang kaprabon idane. Sang Drestarastra, nyingakin kawagedan Pandawa tur mapikayun pacang ngadegang [[Yudistira|Yudhistira]] dados raja, nanging indike punika wantah ngawinang iri ring manah [[Duryodana|Sang Duryodhana]], silih sinunggil Korawa. Parilaksanan Bima sané nénten nyelap ngawinang baya ring Sang Korawa taler sering ngawinang jengah Ida Sang Duryodhana miwah semetonané. ==== Laksagreha utawi Umah Damar sane Kaenjutin ==== Sedek dina anu, [[Duryodana|Duryodhana]] mapapineh sareng arinne, nenten pacang mrasidayang ngwarisin Dinasti Kuru yening misan-misanne kari nyeneng. Dane sareng sami (panca [[Pandawa]] miwah misan-misanne, taler kabaos Korawa) sareng-sareng meneng ring kerajaan sane ibu kotanyane wenten ring Hastinapura. Pamuputne metu makudang-kudang pikayunan sane corah ring kayun dane mangda prasida ngingsirang saking Panca Pandawa miwah biangne. Drestarastra, sane kalintang tresna ring keponakan idane, ngadegang [[Yudistira|Yudhisthira]] dados putra mahkota, nanging ida digelis nyelselang parilaksanan idane, mawinan ida nenten nguratiang keneh putran idane. Indike punika ngawinang Duryodhana iri ring Yudhisthira, dane negarang pacang nyedayang Panca Pandawa miwah biangnyane (Kunti), antuk nitahang mangda malila cita ring genah sane mawasta Ekacakra. Irika wenten wangunan sane mautama, sane sampun kasiagayang olih Duryodhana anggen ipun sareng sami malila cita. Wangunan punika pacang katunjel ri kala tengah wengi yening Panca Pandawane sampun lelep sirep. Sakancan sane sampun karincikang olih Duryodhana kauningin olih Widura, uwane Panca Pandawa. Sadurung punika, Yudistira taler sampun kapiteketin olih para patapa sane ngrauhin ida, mungguing pacang wenten bancana sane pacang nibenin ida. Punika mawinan, Yudistira sampun tangar ring sakancan daya upaya. Niki sane kapertama, Yudistira luput saking jebag Duryodhana raris ngungsi ka alas. ==== Pandawa Ngamolihang Dropadi ==== {{Utama|Dropadi}} Sedek dina anu, para [[Pandawa]] nyarengin swayambara sane kalaksanayang olih Raja Drupada ring Kerajaan Panchala. Swayambara punika kaanggen ngrebutin Dewi [[Drupadi]]. Akeh para ksatria saking sajebag Bharatawarsha sane rauh. Para Pandawane nyaru dados Brahmana. Sasaran kagenahang ring tengahing arena, tur sapasira sane prasida menting sasaran punika tur ngenen, pacang ngamolihang Drupadi. Saka siki para ksatria punika negarang, nanging nenten wenten sane prasida menting sasaran. Ri kala Karna saking Kerajaan Anga nyarengin, Ida prasida menting sasarannyane. Nanging, Dewi Drupadi nenten kayun marabian sareng Karna santukan Ida wantah okan srati, sane mawit saking kasta sane betenan. Karna kuciwa nanging taler jengah ring Dewi Drupadi. Para [[Pandawa]] sane kawakilin olih [[Arjuna]] taler nyarengin. Arjuna mabusana brahmana . Ri kala Ida medal, Ida prasida menting sasaran antuk panah, punika mawinan [[Drupadi]] prasida kadruwenang. Sakewanten, indike punika ngawinang karicuan santukan wenten Brahmana sane nenten pantes nyarengin swayambara soroh ksatria. [[Arjuna]] miwah [[Bima (disambiguasi)|Bima]] mayuda sareng para ksatria irika. [[Yudistira]], [[Nakula]], miwah [[Sadewa]] ngiringang Drupadi ka umahnyane. Sasampune rauh ring jumah, Pandawa raris matur, “Ibu, titiang rauh makta pikolih ngidih-ngidih.” Kunti, biang para Pandawa, nenten nyingakin napi sane kabakta olih okan-okanne santukan ipun epot, raris nyawis, “Dum samian napi sane sampun kapolihang.” Wawu ida matolihan, ida kagiat sawireh okane nenten ja makta pikolih ngidih-ngidih, nanging makta anak istri. Kunti sane nenten purun mogbogin, ngranayang okanne ngadum istri. ==== Sang Arjuna Maselong ka Alas ==== {{Utama|Arjuna}} Para [[Pandawa]] cumpu pacang ngepah [[Drupadi]] pinaka rabi. Ipun sareng sami taler masemaya nenten pacang ngulgul Drupadi ri kala Ida wenten ring kamar sareng sinalih tunggil Pandawa. Pinaka hukuman sane ngulgul inggih punika 12 warsa kakutang. Sedek dina anu, ri kala para Pandawa mrentah kerajaannyane ring Indraprastha, wenten pandita rauh ka puri tur nguningayang indik tapanyane sane kausak-asik olih para raksasa. Arjuna sane marasa madue swadharma nulungin Ida, digelis ngambil sanjatannyane. Sakewanten sanjatane punika kasimpen ring genah [[Yudistira|Yudhisthira]] miwah [[Drupadi|Draupadi]] sane sedek marerepan. Sangkaning swadharmannyane, Arjuna kayun ngranjing ka kamare jagi ngambil sanjata punika, nenten ngrunguang Yudhisthira lan Drupadi sane sedeng karasmin ring kamare punika. Antuk parilaksana punika Arjuna keni hukuman maselong 12 warsa. Arjuna nampi hukuman punika antuk manah lascarya. Arjuna ngamargiang masa maselong antuk nylajahin wawidangan Bharatavarsha, utawi tanah India Kuno. Ring masa maselong punika, Arjuna madue rabi malih tigang diri inggih punika: Subhadra (sameton [[Kresna]] ), Ulupi, miwah Citrangada. Saking paiketannyane sareng Subhadra, ida madue putra mapesengan [[Abimanyu|Abhimanyu]]. Sareng Ulupi, putrannyane mapesengan Irawan. Sareng Citrangada, putran idane mapesengan Babruwahana. == Carita Lianan ring Kitab Adiparwa == Lianan ring carita [[Pandawa]] lan Korawa, Sang Ugrasrawa taler nyaritayang satua sane lianan majeng ring Bagawan Sonaka, sane marupa satua bingkai, mawinan alur caritanyane macampuh, nenten membah nanging kecag-kecog. === Carita Bhagawan Dhomya Nguji Sisiane Tatiga. === Kacritayang wenten Brahmana sane mapesengan Bagawan Dhomya meneng ring Ayodhya. Ida madue sisya tigang diri, mawasta: Sang Utamanyu, Sang Arunika, miwah Sang Weda. Makatatiga pacang kauji kasatyane olih Sang Guru. Sang Arunika kanikain makarya ring sawah. Sang Arunika yatna miara bibit [[padi]] sane kapula. Rikala bibit punika sampun mentik, sabeh tuun makta [[Gentuh|blabar]] sane salanturnyane ngusak-asik pundukanne. Dane rimrim yening yeh punika pacang ngrusak entikane, lantas dane mecikang pundukan mangda prasida ngempel yeh. Ping akeh utsahane nenten antar tur pundukanne embid, mawinan dane ngebahang ragane pinaka pengentos pundukan sane embid anggen ngempel yeh. Sangkaning susatyane punika, Sang Arunika kaicen kawisesan olih Ida Bagawan Dhomya. Ri kala punika, Sang Utamanyu kanikain ngangonang lembu. Sang Utamanyu nenten kalugra ngidih-ngidih toya yening ida bedak rikala ngangonang lembu, mawinan ida nilat susu lembu sane kaangonang. Sang Guru taler nembaang indike punika, mawinan Sang Utamanyu ngisep getah don “waduri” anggen ngilangang bedaknyane. Indike punika ngawinang panyingakannyane buta. Dane nenten nyingakin margi mawinan dane runtuh ka semere ane tuh. Ngantos sanja Sang Utamanyu nenten mantuk budal, gurun idane dados rimrim. Wawu karereh, kapanggih Sang Utamanyu ring semere. Bhagawan Dhomya raris mirengang carita Sang Utamanyu. Sangkaning satya ring swadharmannyané, Sang Utamanyu raris kaicén mantra sané prasida nambanin gering olih Bhagawan Dhomya. Risedek punika, Sang Weda kanikain mangda jenek ring paon nyayagayang ajeng-ajengan sane pinih becik katur ring gurun dane. Sang Weda setata ngiringang pituduh gurune, yadiastun sane pinih kaon. Dane ngamargiang sakancan pituduh gurun dane becik-becik. Punika mawinan Sang Weda polih waranugraha antuk sakancan kaweruhan, [[mantra]] [[Wéda|Weda]], miwah kapradnyanan. === Carita Sang Winata miwah Sang Kadru === Kacarita wenten maharsi mapesengan Bhagawan [[Kasyapa]], putran Bhagawan [[Marici]], putun Ida Bhatara [[Déwa Brahma|Brahma]]. Ida kaicen putri patbelas diri olih Bagawan [[Daksha]]. Putrine makapatbelas punika mapesengan: Aditi, Diti, Danu, Aristi, Anayusa, Kasa, Surabhi, Winata, Kadru, Ira, Parwa, Mregi, Krodhawasa, Tamra. Ring pantaraning patbelas putri punika, Sang [[Winata]] miwah Sang [[Kadru]] nenten madue sentana. Sang kalih raris nunas ica ring Bhagawan Kasyapa. Sang Kadru nunas pianak siu, Sang Winata wantah nunas pianak kalih diri. Raris Bhagawan Kasyapa ngicen Sang Kadru [[taluh]] siu bungkul tur Sang Winata kaicen taluh kakalih. Putrine makakalih punika raris ngupapira taluhnyane soang-soang. Cutetang caritane, siu bungkul taluh druwen Sang Kadru engsah, raris embas para [[Naga]]. Sane pinih kaloktah inggih punika Sang [[Anantabhoga]], Sang [[Naga Basuki|Wasuki]], miwah Sang [[Taksaka]]. Ri kala taluhne Sang Kadru sampun samian engsah, taluhne Sang Winata durung engsah. Sangkaning nenten sabar, raris taluhne kabencahang. Ri kala bencah, raris ngenah anak alit sane rupane durung jangkep, awakne sane ring sor jangkep nanging saking bangkiang tedun ical. Anake alit punika gedeg santukan kaengsahang dumunan. Anake alit punika raris mastu biangnyane mangda kadadosang panjak olih Sang Kadru. Malih pidan, arinnyane sane pacang engsah jagi ngluputang biangnyane saking perbudakan. Anake alit punika raris kapesengin Sang [[Aruna]], duaning nenten madue cokor miwah paan. Sang Aruna dados srati kreta Ida Sang Hyang [[Surya]]. === Satua Indik Pamuteran Mandaragiri === {{utama|Kurma Awatara}} [[Berkas:Kurma_avatar.jpg|ka|jmpl|150x150px|Kurma Awatara pinaka penyu sane dados dasar Mandaragiri .]] Kacaritayang, saking dumun, para dewata, detya, miwah raksasa ngamargiang paruman praya ngrereh tirta amerta (toya suci). Sang Hyang Narāyana ([[Déwa Wisnu|Wisnu]]) maosang tirta punika magenah ring dasar sagara Ksira. Mangda prasida ngamolihang punika patut ngaduk sagara punika. Para dewata, detya miwah raksasa raris nyujur sagara Ksira. Mangda prasida ngaduk punika, [[Naga]] [[Anantabhoga]] ngabut Gunung Mandara (Mandaragiri) ring Pulo Sangka kadadosang tungked pangaduk. Gunung punika kabakta ka tengahing samudrane. [[Testudines|Penyu]] sane ageng ( [[Kurma Awatara|Kurma]] ) dados panunjang/dasar gunung punika. Sang Naga nglilit gunung punika, raris para dewata ngambel ikuhnyane, tur para raksasa miwah detya ngambel sirahnyane. Ida Sang Hyang [[Indra]] ngadeg ring muncuk mangda gununge nenten munggah ka duur. Makudang-kudang galah sasampun gunung punika kabinderang, raris medal [[Ardhachandra]], Dewi [[Sri (dewi)|Sri]], Dewi [[Lakshmi|Laksmi]], kuda Uccaihsrawa, miwah [[Kastubhamani]] . Makasami punika wenten ring sisi para dewatane. Raris, medal Sang Dhanwantari makta caratan sane madaging tirta amerta. Para detya meled pisan mangda tirta punika dados druwen ipun santukan saking pangawit ipun nenten naenin polih duman. Tirta amerta punika raris dados druwen ipun. Para dewatane mikayunin pamargi mangda prasida ngrebutin tirta punika. Pamuputne Ida Bhatara [[Déwa Wisnu|Wisnu]] nyutirupa dados anak istri sane ayu, raris nampekin raksasa lan detya. Para raksasa miwah daitya sane nyingakin anak istri punika raris kadaut, tur ngaturang caratan sane madaging tirta punika. Anake istri ayu punika raris budal sinambi makta tirta amerta tur mawali malih dados Bhatara Wisnu. Para detya sane nyingakin indike punika raris krodha. Tan suwe raris metu payudan pantaraning para dewata sareng para raksasa miwah detya. Raris Ida Bhatara Wisnu eling ring senjata cakra Idane. Sanjata cakra punika raris tedun saking ambarane tur nyander para raksasa miwah detyane. Akeh sane malaib patikaplug sangkaning telah matatu. Pamuputne, wenten sane ngentungang raga ka sagarane tur macelep ka beten tanahe. Para dewata pamuputne prasida makta tirta amerta ka suargan. === Carita Sang Garuda miwah Sang Naga === [[Berkas:Taal_van_het_Adiparwa.jpg|kiri|jmpl|347x347px|Gegambaran Garuda sane kakaryanin olih I Made Tlaga, seniman Bali abad ka-19. Sane mangkin magenah ring Universitas Leiden.]] Kacaritayang sedek dina anu Sang Winata miwah Sang Kadru, rabin Bhagawan Kasyapa, mireng orti indik kawentenan jaran sane mawasta [[Uccaihsrawa]], pikolih saking pangadukan gunung Mandara utawi Mandaragiri. Sang Winata ngorahang warnan jaranne punika putih samian, Sang Kadru ngorahang awakne putih sakewanten ikuhne manten ane selem. Duaning mabinayan papineh ipun sareng kalih, ipun sareng kalih matoh, sapasiraja sane iwang nebag, ipun pacang dados panjak. Ipun sareng kalih ngarencanayang jagi nyingakin warna jaranne benjangne tur nentuang sapasira sane iwang. Sang Kadru nuturang indik toh punika ring okan-okanne. Okan-okanne ngorahang sareng biangne, pastika biangne pacang kalah, sawireh jaranne punika mawarna putih samian. Sang Kadru jejeh krana mrasa pacang kalah matoh, punika mawinan dane ngutus okan-okanne nyimbuhang racun ring ikuh jaranne punika mangda nyak mawarna selem. Okan-okanne nenten kayun nglaksanayang krana mrasa punika parilaksana nenten patut. Sang Kadru sane krodha raris mastu okan-okanne mangda mati dilah api ri kala upacara yadnya ula sane kamargiang olih Prabu Janamejaya. Punika mawinan, okan-okanne pamuputne nglaksanayang pituduh biangne. Ipun sareng sami nyimbuhang racun lipi ring ikuh jaran Uccaihsrawa, ngawinang warnane mauwah saking putih dados selem. Sang Kadru menang matoh, mawinan sang Winata dados panjakne. Ri kala punika, taluh sane kaupapira olih Sang Winata engsah raris medal kedis sakti sane salanturnyane kawastanin Garuda. Sang Garuda ngruruh biangidane. Pamuputne, dane manggihin ipun kadadosang panjak olih Sang Kadru mangda ngemban para naga. Sang Garuda nyarengin biangne ngemban para naga, sakewanten para naga punika lincah pisan, malaib mailehan. Sang Garuda leleh, raris mataken ring para nagane, napi sane prasida kalaksanayang anggen nebus biangnyane. Para nagane masaur, yening sang Garuda prasida maktaang tirta amerta majeng ring para nagane, sinah biangnyane pacang kabebasang. Sang Garuda nyanggupin nagingin pinunas punika. Punggelang caritane, Sang Garuda prasida nglintangin makudang-kudang pikobet tur rauh ring genah tirta amertane. Ri kala Sang Garuda jagi ngambil tirta punika, Ida Bhatara [[Déwa Wisnu|Wisnu]] rauh saha ngandika, “Ih Garuda, yening I Dewa mapakayunan ngamolihang tirta punika, tunas ring titiang, pastika pacang icen titiang.” Sang Garuda raris nyawis, "Nénten patut titiang mapinunas ring palungguh iratu duaning palungguh iratu luwih mawisesa bandingang ring titiang. Santukan tirta amerta puniki palungguh iratu nénten lingsir miwah padem, titiang nénten kadi punika. Duaning asapunika, icen panugrahan sane lianan ring titiang." Ida Bhatara [[Déwa Wisnu|Wisnu]] ngandika, “Yéning asapunika, titiang nunas mangda sang Garuda dados wahana titiangé, taler dados lambang panji-panji titiangé.” Sang Garuda cumpu ring pinunas punika tur pamuputnyane dados wahana Ida Bhatara Wisnu. Raris Sang Garuda makeber makta tirtha amerta punika, nanging Ida Bhatara Indra nenten cumpu yening tirtha amerta punika kapicayang ring para nagane. Sang Garuda maosang indik tirtha amerta pacang kaicen ri sampune para nagane wusan masiram. Sang Garuda rawuh ring genah para nagane. Para nagane girang meled mangda digelis nginem tirta amerta, nanging Sang Garuda maosang tirtha punika prasida kainem yening para nagane sampun masiram. Para nagane raris masiram manut syarat sane kaicen, sakewanten sasampune wusan masiram, tirta amerta punika nenten wenten malih duaning sampun kaambil olih Ida Sang Hyang [[Indra]]. Para nagane kuciwa tur wantah manggihin sisan ketelan tirta amerta sane kantun ring don ilalange. Para nagane raris nilat don-donan punika kantos layahne masepak dados dua. Don ilalang punika dados suci duaning polih tirta amerta. Ri kala punika Sang Garuda makeber ka suargan santukan mrasa sampun nebus biangnyane sane dados panjak. == Basa lan Babad == [[Berkas:Adiparwa-Phalgunadi.JPG|jmpl|Adiparwa versi Jawa Kuno sane kacetak malih olih Phalgunadi tur katerjemahang ka basa Inggris duk warsa [[1990]].]] Sakadi carita babonnyane, [[Mahabharata]], kitab Adiparwa puniki pangawitnyane kasurat nganggen [[basa Sansekerta]] tur kabaos carita suci majeng ring [[Agama Hindu|umat Hindu]]. Nenten kacatet pidan carita puniki ngranjing ka Indonesia. Nanging, sakadi sane sampun kabaosang ring purwaka Adiparwa mabasa Jawi Kuno, kitab puniki kasalin ka basa Jawa Kuno utawi sane taler kauningin antuk [[basa Kawi]], duk masan Raja Dharmawangsa Teguh ([[Krajan Kahuripan|kerajaan Kediri]], 991-1016) (Zoetmulder, 1994). == Pengaruh ring Budaya == Kitab Adiparwa sane kaalihbasa saking basa Sansekerta ka basa Jawa Kuno utawi [[basa Kawi]], sampun sering kagubah dados satua-satua pewayangan. Ring kitab Adiparwa sane kaalihbasa saking basa Sansekerta, minab wenten pabinayan sareng lakon pewayangan, wenten sane ageng pisan, mawinan ngicenin kesan samian kawentenanne ring Jawi. <ref name="Introduction">Kitab Adiparwa – '''Kata pengantar''': '' "Kisah pewayangan Jawa tidak sedikit yang mengutip dari Kitab Adiparwa. Dalam kitab Adiparwa terdapat perbedaan dengan lakon wayangnya, sehingga memberi kesan bahwa semua kejadian dalam Mahabharata terjadi di tanah Jawa, termasuk para tokohnya, nama kerajaannya, semua berasal dari Jawa" ''.</ref> Indike punika sangkaning kapradnyanan para kawi sane dumun sane prasida ngingsirang pikayunan pangwacen utawi pamiarsa saking suasana India nuju Jawa sane sujati. <ref name="Introduction" /> Yening Hastinapura punika sujatinnyane magenah ring India, raris wastan-wastan sakadi Jonggringsalaka, Pringgandani, Indrakila, Goa Kiskenda, miwah Gunung Mahameru kabakta ka Jawi. <ref name="Introduction" /> Asapunika taler indik pragina Pancawala (Pancakumara). Yening ring versi aslinyane ipun kawangun antuk limang diri, raris ring sasolahan wayang ipun kabaos wantah asiki. Manut Mulyono ring artikelnyane sane mamurda “Dewi Dropadi: Antara Mahabharata lan Wayang Jawa”, dane maosang indik pabinayan carita indik Pancawala pantaraning [[Mahabharata]] lan carita ring wayang Jawa punika sangkaning pengaruh panglimbak agama Islam ring [[Jawa]] . Parindikan sane pateh taler nibenin carita Dewi [[Drupadi|Dropadi]] ring kitab Adiparwa. Yening ring Adiparwa ipun madue kurenan limang diri, nanging ring pewayangan jawa (sane sampun keni pengaruh [[Agama Islam|Islam]] ) Dropadi wantah madue kurenan asiki. Manut hukum Islam, anak istri nenten dados madue kurenan lintang teken asiki. Duaning asapunika carita Dewi Dropadi ring kitab [[Mahabharata]] versi asli [[agama Hindu]] nglanggar hukum [[Agama Islam|Islam]]. Mangda prasida ngantisipasi indike punika, para penyair lan seniman Islam nguwah carita mangda manut sareng ajah-ajahan [[Agama Islam|Islam]]. <ref name="Dropadi" /> Pancawala, sane sujatinnyane limang diri pinaka putran Sang Pandawa, kauwah dados pragina sane wantah putran Sang Yudistira. <ref name="Dropadi" /> == Bahan bacaan == # Ganguli, K. Mohan (translator). ''The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa'', Adi Parva (First Parva, or First Book), translated into English Prose from the Original Sanskrit Text [1883-1896]. The Project Gutenberg EBook #7864. April, 2005. # Widyatmanta, S. ''Kitab Adiparwa'', jilid I. Cabang Bagian Bahasa – Jogyakarta, Jawatan Kebudayaan Kementerian PP dan K. 1958. # Zoetmulder, P.J. ''Kalangwan, sastra Jawa Kuno selayang pandang''. Penerbit Djambatan, Jakarta. 1994. == Cingak Taler == * [[Astadasaparwa]] == Reperensi == {{reflist|2}} {{Mahabharata}} [[Kategori:Kitab Mahabharata]] 0ks0248h8bqrkfj3xzm68xo8uyiejxh 0 81199 277179 277176 2026-07-18T12:08:40Z Angayubagia 6 277179 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|0.9138502792985573|104.60222513004143|display=title}} {{Désa |nama = Gunung Kijang |peta = <!-- Tuliskan nama berkas lengkap. --> |foto = |keterangan = Kantor Désa Gunung Kijang |koordinat = |propinsi = Kepulauan Riau |dati2 = Kabupatén |nama dati2 = Bintan |dati3 = Kecamatan |kecamatan = Gunung Kijang |lurah = |kode pos = 29151 |luas = |penduduk = |kepadatan = |kemendagri = |RT = |RW = |KK = |APBDésa = |bahasa = |BPS_code = <!-- kode unik tiap désa --> |situs web = <!-- Tuliskan alamat url website desa. --> }}{{Suratan basa alus}} '''Gunung Kijang''' (aksara Bali: ᬕᬸᬦᬸᬂ​ᬓᬶᬚᬂ) inggih punika silih tunggil [[désa]] ring wewidangan [[ Gunung Kijang, Bintan|kecamatan Gunung Kijang]], [[Kabupatén Bintan]], propinsi [[Kepulauan Riau]], negara [[Indonésia]].<ref name="Permendagri-137-2017">{{cite web|url= https://archive.org/details/PermendagriNo.137Tahun2017 |title= Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 137 Tahun 2017 tentang Kode dan Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Républik Indonésia |access-date= 3 Oktober 2019 |archive-url= https://archive.org/details/PermendagriNo.137Tahun2017/mode/2up |archive-date= 29 Désémber 2018}}</ref><ref name="Permendagri-72-2019">{{cite web|url= http://jdih.setjen.kemendagri.go.id/pm/Permendagri%20No%2072%20Th%202019+lampiran.pdf |title= Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 72 Tahun 2019 tentang Perubahan atas Permendagri nomor 137 Tahun 2017 tentang Kode dan Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan |archive-url= https://archive.org/details/permendagriindonesia722019 |archive-date= 25 Oktober 2019 |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Républik Indonésia |access-date= 15 Januari 2020}}</ref><ref name="Kepmendagri-050-145-2022">{{Cite web |last= Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |date= 2022-02-14 |url= https://jdih.kpu.go.id/data/data_kepkpu/2022kpt274.pdf |title= Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri Indonesia Nomor 050-145 Tahun 2022 tentang Pemberian dan Pemutakhiran Kode, Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan dan Pulau tahun 2021 |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220807035020/https://jdih.kpu.go.id/data/data_kepkpu/2022kpt274.pdf |archive-date= 2022-08-07 |access-date= 2022-12-29}}</ref><ref name="CC-Kepmendagri-300.2.2-2138-2025">{{Cite web |last= Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |date= 2025-04-25 |url= https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Keputusan_Menteri_Dalam_Negeri_Nomor_300.2.2-2138_Tahun_2025.pdf |title= Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri Indonesia Nomor 300.2.2-2138 Tahun 2025 tentang Pemberian dan Pemutakhiran Kode, Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan dan Pulau |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |access-date= 2025-06-14 }}</ref> == Pustaka == {{reflist}} === Pranala jaba === * {{id}} [http://kepriprov.go.id Situs Resmi Pamréntahan Propinsi Kepulauan Riau] * {{id}} [https://kepri.bps.go.id/id Badan Pusat Statistik Propinsi Kepulauan Riau] * {{id}} [http://bintankab.go.id Situs Resmi Pamréntahan Kabupatén Bintan] * {{id}} [http://bintankab.bps.go.id/ Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupatén Bintan] ''cutetan: URL dados kauahin/ilang. Yening URL nenten aktip, ngiring kaapus saking lis.'' {{ Gunung Kijang, Bintan}} {{Kabupatén Bintan|state=show}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gunung Kijang}} [[Kategori: Gunung Kijang, Bintan]] [[Kategori:Désa ring Kabupatén Bintan]] {{Désa-stub}} 6gtt743hf5nr0yxyqog920exlnw857d 0 81201 277178 2026-07-18T12:08:28Z Angayubagia 6 ngae suratan désa stub 277178 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|1.021539492841377|104.33473949317276|display=title}} {{Désa |nama = Busung |peta = <!-- Tuliskan nama berkas lengkap. --> |foto = |keterangan = Kantor Désa Busung |koordinat = |propinsi = Kepulauan Riau |dati2 = Kabupatén |nama dati2 = Bintan |dati3 = Kecamatan |kecamatan = Seri Kuala Lobam |lurah = |kode pos = 29152 |luas = |penduduk = |kepadatan = |kemendagri = |RT = |RW = |KK = |APBDésa = |bahasa = |BPS_code = <!-- kode unik tiap désa --> |situs web = <!-- Tuliskan alamat url website desa. --> }}{{Suratan basa alus}} '''Busung''' (aksara Bali: ᬩᬸᬲᬸᬂ) inggih punika silih tunggil [[désa]] ring wewidangan [[Seri Kuala Lobam, Bintan|kecamatan Seri Kuala Lobam]], [[Kabupatén Bintan]], propinsi [[Kepulauan Riau]], negara [[Indonésia]].<ref name="Permendagri-137-2017">{{cite web|url= https://archive.org/details/PermendagriNo.137Tahun2017 |title= Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 137 Tahun 2017 tentang Kode dan Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Républik Indonésia |access-date= 3 Oktober 2019 |archive-url= https://archive.org/details/PermendagriNo.137Tahun2017/mode/2up |archive-date= 29 Désémber 2018}}</ref><ref name="Permendagri-72-2019">{{cite web|url= http://jdih.setjen.kemendagri.go.id/pm/Permendagri%20No%2072%20Th%202019+lampiran.pdf |title= Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 72 Tahun 2019 tentang Perubahan atas Permendagri nomor 137 Tahun 2017 tentang Kode dan Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan |archive-url= https://archive.org/details/permendagriindonesia722019 |archive-date= 25 Oktober 2019 |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Républik Indonésia |access-date= 15 Januari 2020}}</ref><ref name="Kepmendagri-050-145-2022">{{Cite web |last= Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |date= 2022-02-14 |url= https://jdih.kpu.go.id/data/data_kepkpu/2022kpt274.pdf |title= Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri Indonesia Nomor 050-145 Tahun 2022 tentang Pemberian dan Pemutakhiran Kode, Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan dan Pulau tahun 2021 |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220807035020/https://jdih.kpu.go.id/data/data_kepkpu/2022kpt274.pdf |archive-date= 2022-08-07 |access-date= 2022-12-29}}</ref><ref name="CC-Kepmendagri-300.2.2-2138-2025">{{Cite web |last= Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |date= 2025-04-25 |url= https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Keputusan_Menteri_Dalam_Negeri_Nomor_300.2.2-2138_Tahun_2025.pdf |title= Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri Indonesia Nomor 300.2.2-2138 Tahun 2025 tentang Pemberian dan Pemutakhiran Kode, Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan dan Pulau |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |access-date= 2025-06-14 }}</ref> == Pustaka == {{reflist}} === Pranala jaba === * {{id}} [http://kepriprov.go.id Situs Resmi Pamréntahan Propinsi Kepulauan Riau] * {{id}} [https://kepri.bps.go.id/id Badan Pusat Statistik Propinsi Kepulauan Riau] * {{id}} [http://bintankab.go.id Situs Resmi Pamréntahan Kabupatén Bintan] * {{id}} [http://bintankab.bps.go.id/ Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupatén Bintan] ''cutetan: URL dados kauahin/ilang. Yening URL nenten aktip, ngiring kaapus saking lis.'' {{Seri Kuala Lobam, Bintan}} {{Kabupatén Bintan|state=show}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Busung}} [[Kategori:Seri Kuala Lobam, Bintan]] [[Kategori:Désa ring Kabupatén Bintan]] {{Désa-stub}} ok8lmoi3moxmhzerz2vesw63ddh92y4 0 81202 277180 2026-07-18T12:23:51Z Angayubagia 6 ngae suratan désa stub 277180 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|1.005315144612114|107.56419168096755|display=title}} {{Désa |nama = Batu Lepuk |peta = <!-- Tuliskan nama berkas lengkap. --> |foto = |keterangan = Kantor Désa Batu Lepuk |koordinat = |propinsi = Kepulauan Riau |dati2 = Kabupatén |nama dati2 = Bintan |dati3 = Kecamatan |kecamatan = Tambelan |lurah = |kode pos = 29152 |luas = |penduduk = |kepadatan = |kemendagri = |RT = |RW = |KK = |APBDésa = |bahasa = |BPS_code = <!-- kode unik tiap désa --> |situs web = <!-- Tuliskan alamat url website desa. --> }}{{Suratan basa alus}} '''Batu Lepuk''' (aksara Bali: ᬩᬢᬸ​ᬍᬧᬸᬓ᭄) inggih punika silih tunggil [[désa]] ring wewidangan [[Tambelan, Bintan|kecamatan Tambelan]], [[Kabupatén Bintan]], propinsi [[Kepulauan Riau]], negara [[Indonésia]].<ref name="Permendagri-137-2017">{{cite web|url= https://archive.org/details/PermendagriNo.137Tahun2017 |title= Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 137 Tahun 2017 tentang Kode dan Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Républik Indonésia |access-date= 3 Oktober 2019 |archive-url= https://archive.org/details/PermendagriNo.137Tahun2017/mode/2up |archive-date= 29 Désémber 2018}}</ref><ref name="Permendagri-72-2019">{{cite web|url= http://jdih.setjen.kemendagri.go.id/pm/Permendagri%20No%2072%20Th%202019+lampiran.pdf |title= Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 72 Tahun 2019 tentang Perubahan atas Permendagri nomor 137 Tahun 2017 tentang Kode dan Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan |archive-url= https://archive.org/details/permendagriindonesia722019 |archive-date= 25 Oktober 2019 |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Républik Indonésia |access-date= 15 Januari 2020}}</ref><ref name="Kepmendagri-050-145-2022">{{Cite web |last= Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |date= 2022-02-14 |url= https://jdih.kpu.go.id/data/data_kepkpu/2022kpt274.pdf |title= Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri Indonesia Nomor 050-145 Tahun 2022 tentang Pemberian dan Pemutakhiran Kode, Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan dan Pulau tahun 2021 |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220807035020/https://jdih.kpu.go.id/data/data_kepkpu/2022kpt274.pdf |archive-date= 2022-08-07 |access-date= 2022-12-29}}</ref><ref name="CC-Kepmendagri-300.2.2-2138-2025">{{Cite web |last= Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |date= 2025-04-25 |url= https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Keputusan_Menteri_Dalam_Negeri_Nomor_300.2.2-2138_Tahun_2025.pdf |title= Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri Indonesia Nomor 300.2.2-2138 Tahun 2025 tentang Pemberian dan Pemutakhiran Kode, Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan dan Pulau |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |access-date= 2025-06-14 }}</ref> == Pustaka == {{reflist}} === Pranala jaba === * {{id}} [http://kepriprov.go.id Situs Resmi Pamréntahan Propinsi Kepulauan Riau] * {{id}} [https://kepri.bps.go.id/id Badan Pusat Statistik Propinsi Kepulauan Riau] * {{id}} [http://bintankab.go.id Situs Resmi Pamréntahan Kabupatén Bintan] * {{id}} [http://bintankab.bps.go.id/ Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupatén Bintan] ''cutetan: URL dados kauahin/ilang. Yening URL nenten aktip, ngiring kaapus saking lis.'' {{Tambelan, Bintan}} {{Kabupatén Bintan|state=show}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Batu Lepuk}} [[Kategori:Tambelan, Bintan]] [[Kategori:Désa ring Kabupatén Bintan]] {{Désa-stub}} 34sk190kzkggjqyfohd9u5jb7y0h7mt 0 81203 277181 2026-07-18T12:32:02Z Angayubagia 6 ngae suratan désa stub 277181 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|1.2124953757341044|104.57632168185653|display=title}} {{Désa |nama = Berakit |peta = <!-- Tuliskan nama berkas lengkap. --> |foto = |keterangan = Kantor Désa Berakit |koordinat = |propinsi = Kepulauan Riau |dati2 = Kabupatén |nama dati2 = Bintan |dati3 = Kecamatan |kecamatan = Teluk Sebong |lurah = |kode pos = 29152 |luas = |penduduk = |kepadatan = |kemendagri = |RT = |RW = |KK = |APBDésa = |bahasa = |BPS_code = <!-- kode unik tiap désa --> |situs web = <!-- Tuliskan alamat url website desa. --> }}{{Suratan basa alus}} '''Berakit''' (aksara Bali: ᬩᭂᬭᬓᬶᬢ᭄) inggih punika silih tunggil [[désa]] ring wewidangan [[Teluk Sebong, Bintan|kecamatan Teluk Sebong]], [[Kabupatén Bintan]], propinsi [[Kepulauan Riau]], negara [[Indonésia]].<ref name="Permendagri-137-2017">{{cite web|url= https://archive.org/details/PermendagriNo.137Tahun2017 |title= Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 137 Tahun 2017 tentang Kode dan Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Républik Indonésia |access-date= 3 Oktober 2019 |archive-url= https://archive.org/details/PermendagriNo.137Tahun2017/mode/2up |archive-date= 29 Désémber 2018}}</ref><ref name="Permendagri-72-2019">{{cite web|url= http://jdih.setjen.kemendagri.go.id/pm/Permendagri%20No%2072%20Th%202019+lampiran.pdf |title= Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 72 Tahun 2019 tentang Perubahan atas Permendagri nomor 137 Tahun 2017 tentang Kode dan Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan |archive-url= https://archive.org/details/permendagriindonesia722019 |archive-date= 25 Oktober 2019 |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Républik Indonésia |access-date= 15 Januari 2020}}</ref><ref name="Kepmendagri-050-145-2022">{{Cite web |last= Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |date= 2022-02-14 |url= https://jdih.kpu.go.id/data/data_kepkpu/2022kpt274.pdf |title= Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri Indonesia Nomor 050-145 Tahun 2022 tentang Pemberian dan Pemutakhiran Kode, Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan dan Pulau tahun 2021 |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220807035020/https://jdih.kpu.go.id/data/data_kepkpu/2022kpt274.pdf |archive-date= 2022-08-07 |access-date= 2022-12-29}}</ref><ref name="CC-Kepmendagri-300.2.2-2138-2025">{{Cite web |last= Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |date= 2025-04-25 |url= https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Keputusan_Menteri_Dalam_Negeri_Nomor_300.2.2-2138_Tahun_2025.pdf |title= Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri Indonesia Nomor 300.2.2-2138 Tahun 2025 tentang Pemberian dan Pemutakhiran Kode, Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan dan Pulau |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |access-date= 2025-06-14 }}</ref> == Pustaka == {{reflist}} === Pranala jaba === * {{id}} [http://kepriprov.go.id Situs Resmi Pamréntahan Propinsi Kepulauan Riau] * {{id}} [https://kepri.bps.go.id/id Badan Pusat Statistik Propinsi Kepulauan Riau] * {{id}} [http://bintankab.go.id Situs Resmi Pamréntahan Kabupatén Bintan] * {{id}} [http://bintankab.bps.go.id/ Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupatén Bintan] ''cutetan: URL dados kauahin/ilang. Yening URL nenten aktip, ngiring kaapus saking lis.'' {{Teluk Sebong, Bintan}} {{Kabupatén Bintan|state=show}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Berakit}} [[Kategori:Teluk Sebong, Bintan]] [[Kategori:Désa ring Kabupatén Bintan]] {{Désa-stub}} t9harsd0v6mv5s0tmymwkpomt6suv9w 0 81204 277182 2026-07-18T12:37:57Z Angayubagia 6 ngae suratan désa stub 277182 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|1.0746709249233637|104.47865802230918|display=title}} {{Désa |nama = Bintan Buyu |peta = <!-- Tuliskan nama berkas lengkap. --> |foto = |keterangan = Kantor Désa Bintan Buyu |koordinat = |propinsi = Kepulauan Riau |dati2 = Kabupatén |nama dati2 = Bintan |dati3 = Kecamatan |kecamatan = Teluk Bintan |lurah = |kode pos = 29152 |luas = |penduduk = |kepadatan = |kemendagri = |RT = |RW = |KK = |APBDésa = |bahasa = |BPS_code = <!-- kode unik tiap désa --> |situs web = <!-- Tuliskan alamat url website desa. --> }}{{Suratan basa alus}} '''Bintan Buyu''' (aksara Bali: ᬩᬶᬦ᭄ᬢᬦ᭄​ᬩᬸᬬᬸ) inggih punika silih tunggil [[désa]] ring wewidangan [[Teluk Bintan, Bintan|kecamatan Teluk Bintan]], [[Kabupatén Bintan]], propinsi [[Kepulauan Riau]], negara [[Indonésia]].<ref name="Permendagri-137-2017">{{cite web|url= https://archive.org/details/PermendagriNo.137Tahun2017 |title= Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 137 Tahun 2017 tentang Kode dan Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Républik Indonésia |access-date= 3 Oktober 2019 |archive-url= https://archive.org/details/PermendagriNo.137Tahun2017/mode/2up |archive-date= 29 Désémber 2018}}</ref><ref name="Permendagri-72-2019">{{cite web|url= http://jdih.setjen.kemendagri.go.id/pm/Permendagri%20No%2072%20Th%202019+lampiran.pdf |title= Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 72 Tahun 2019 tentang Perubahan atas Permendagri nomor 137 Tahun 2017 tentang Kode dan Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan |archive-url= https://archive.org/details/permendagriindonesia722019 |archive-date= 25 Oktober 2019 |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Républik Indonésia |access-date= 15 Januari 2020}}</ref><ref name="Kepmendagri-050-145-2022">{{Cite web |last= Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |date= 2022-02-14 |url= https://jdih.kpu.go.id/data/data_kepkpu/2022kpt274.pdf |title= Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri Indonesia Nomor 050-145 Tahun 2022 tentang Pemberian dan Pemutakhiran Kode, Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan dan Pulau tahun 2021 |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220807035020/https://jdih.kpu.go.id/data/data_kepkpu/2022kpt274.pdf |archive-date= 2022-08-07 |access-date= 2022-12-29}}</ref><ref name="CC-Kepmendagri-300.2.2-2138-2025">{{Cite web |last= Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |date= 2025-04-25 |url= https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Keputusan_Menteri_Dalam_Negeri_Nomor_300.2.2-2138_Tahun_2025.pdf |title= Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri Indonesia Nomor 300.2.2-2138 Tahun 2025 tentang Pemberian dan Pemutakhiran Kode, Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan dan Pulau |publisher= Kementerian Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia |access-date= 2025-06-14 }}</ref> == Pustaka == {{reflist}} === Pranala jaba === * {{id}} [http://kepriprov.go.id Situs Resmi Pamréntahan Propinsi Kepulauan Riau] * {{id}} [https://kepri.bps.go.id/id Badan Pusat Statistik Propinsi Kepulauan Riau] * {{id}} [http://bintankab.go.id Situs Resmi Pamréntahan Kabupatén Bintan] * {{id}} [http://bintankab.bps.go.id/ Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupatén Bintan] ''cutetan: URL dados kauahin/ilang. Yening URL nenten aktip, ngiring kaapus saking lis.'' {{Teluk Bintan, Bintan}} {{Kabupatén Bintan|state=show}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bintan Buyu}} [[Kategori:Teluk Bintan, Bintan]] [[Kategori:Désa ring Kabupatén Bintan]] {{Désa-stub}} 2k9ujacrql55k258ijgsclojpl732b5 3 81205 277186 2026-07-18T14:06:47Z Angayubagia 6 Ngardi kaca madaging "{{Rahajeng rauh}}" 277186 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Rahajeng rauh}} jicot1awoylfbm515w6rwiy9t5l62on 3 81206 277187 2026-07-18T14:06:49Z Angayubagia 6 Ngardi kaca madaging "{{Rahajeng rauh}}" 277187 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Rahajeng rauh}} jicot1awoylfbm515w6rwiy9t5l62on 3 81207 277188 2026-07-18T14:06:52Z Angayubagia 6 Ngardi kaca madaging "{{Rahajeng rauh}}" 277188 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Rahajeng rauh}} jicot1awoylfbm515w6rwiy9t5l62on 3 81208 277189 2026-07-18T14:07:07Z Angayubagia 6 Ngardi kaca madaging "{{Rahajeng rauh}}" 277189 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Rahajeng rauh}} jicot1awoylfbm515w6rwiy9t5l62on 3 81209 277190 2026-07-18T14:07:18Z Angayubagia 6 Ngardi kaca madaging "{{Rahajeng rauh}}" 277190 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Rahajeng rauh}} jicot1awoylfbm515w6rwiy9t5l62on 3 81210 277191 2026-07-18T14:07:20Z Angayubagia 6 Ngardi kaca madaging "{{Rahajeng rauh}}" 277191 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Rahajeng rauh}} jicot1awoylfbm515w6rwiy9t5l62on 3 81211 277192 2026-07-18T14:07:23Z Angayubagia 6 Ngardi kaca madaging "{{Rahajeng rauh}}" 277192 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Rahajeng rauh}} jicot1awoylfbm515w6rwiy9t5l62on 0 81212 277193 2026-07-18T17:08:02Z Chinamoonroll 653 Ngardi kaca madaging "{{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Aukštaitija | iucn_category = II | image = Paluse Lusiai lake.jpg | image_caption = Danu Lūšiai ring [[Palūšė]] | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Ignalina]] | map=Lithuania | relief=yes | label = TN Aukštaitija | coordinates = {{coord|55.344|N|26.057|E|source:dewiki|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | area_km2 = 410.56 | established = 1974 | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body =..." 277193 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Aukštaitija | iucn_category = II | image = Paluse Lusiai lake.jpg | image_caption = Danu Lūšiai ring [[Palūšė]] | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Ignalina]] | map=Lithuania | relief=yes | label = TN Aukštaitija | coordinates = {{coord|55.344|N|26.057|E|source:dewiki|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | area_km2 = 410.56 | established = 1974 | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 9 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} __NOTOC__ '''Taman Nasional Aukštaitija''' inggih punika [[taman nasional]] ring kalér-kangin [[Lituania]], sawatara 100&nbsp;km kalér [[Vilnius]]. Kaadegang duk warsa 1974, puniki pinaka sane pinih purwa saking limang [[Lis taman nasional ring Lituania|taman nasional ring Lituania]]. Pamahbahné kawastanin Taman Nasional [[SSR Lituania]] anggén negesang indik taman punika kapertama sakadi punika ring républik punika. Duk warsa 1991 petang taman tiosan kawangun tur kawastanin antuk étnographi [[wawengkon ring Lituania]]. Taman punika kagentosin wastannyané antuk [[Aukštaitija]]. ==Cingak taler== * [[Danu Gavys]] * [[Danu Šakarvai]] * [[Danu Kretuonas]] * [[Lis taman nasional ring Baltik]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} {{commons category}} == Pranala jaba == {{wikivoyage}} * [http://www.tourism.lt/nature/parks/aukstaitija.html Tourism.lt] * {{Official website|http://www.anp.lt/index.php}} * [http://www.escape.lt Pamargi ring Lithuania] {{Taman nasional Lithuania}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Aukstaitija Taman Nasional}} [[Kategori:Taman nasional ring Lithuania]] tcu9ov2xyfb0c830e9tpzsjt0a51jsy 277194 277193 2026-07-18T17:10:24Z Chinamoonroll 653 277194 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Aukštaitija | iucn_category = II | image = Paluse Lusiai lake.jpg | image_caption = Danu Lūšiai ring [[Palūšė]] | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Ignalina]] | map=Lithuania | relief=yes | label = TN Aukštaitija | coordinates = {{coord|55.344|N|26.057|E|source:dewiki|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | area_km2 = 410.56 | established = 1974 | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 9 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} __NOTOC__ '''Taman Nasional Aukštaitija''' inggih punika [[taman nasional]] ring kalér-kangin [[Lithuania]], sawatara 100&nbsp;km kalér [[Vilnius]]. Kaadegang duk warsa 1974, puniki pinaka sane pinih purwa saking limang [[Lis taman nasional ring Lituania|taman nasional ring Lituania]]. Pamahbahné kawastanin Taman Nasional [[SSR Lituania]] anggén negesang indik taman punika kapertama sakadi punika ring républik punika. Duk warsa 1991 petang taman tiosan kawangun tur kawastanin antuk étnographi [[wawengkon ring Lituania]]. Taman punika kagentosin wastannyané antuk [[Aukštaitija]]. ==Cingak taler== * [[Danu Gavys]] * [[Danu Šakarvai]] * [[Danu Kretuonas]] * [[Lis taman nasional ring Baltik]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} {{commons category}} == Pranala jaba == {{wikivoyage}} * [http://www.tourism.lt/nature/parks/aukstaitija.html Tourism.lt] * {{Official website|http://www.anp.lt/index.php}} * [http://www.escape.lt Pamargi ring Lithuania] {{Taman nasional Lithuania}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Aukstaitija Taman Nasional}} [[Kategori:Taman nasional ring Lithuania]] dyg6ubflm3b3m7lo7mmmws1jtg5bzlf 277195 277194 2026-07-18T17:12:37Z Chinamoonroll 653 /* Pranala jaba */ 277195 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Aukštaitija | iucn_category = II | image = Paluse Lusiai lake.jpg | image_caption = Danu Lūšiai ring [[Palūšė]] | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Ignalina]] | map=Lithuania | relief=yes | label = TN Aukštaitija | coordinates = {{coord|55.344|N|26.057|E|source:dewiki|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | area_km2 = 410.56 | established = 1974 | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 9 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} __NOTOC__ '''Taman Nasional Aukštaitija''' inggih punika [[taman nasional]] ring kalér-kangin [[Lithuania]], sawatara 100&nbsp;km kalér [[Vilnius]]. Kaadegang duk warsa 1974, puniki pinaka sane pinih purwa saking limang [[Lis taman nasional ring Lituania|taman nasional ring Lituania]]. Pamahbahné kawastanin Taman Nasional [[SSR Lituania]] anggén negesang indik taman punika kapertama sakadi punika ring républik punika. Duk warsa 1991 petang taman tiosan kawangun tur kawastanin antuk étnographi [[wawengkon ring Lituania]]. Taman punika kagentosin wastannyané antuk [[Aukštaitija]]. ==Cingak taler== * [[Danu Gavys]] * [[Danu Šakarvai]] * [[Danu Kretuonas]] * [[Lis taman nasional ring Baltik]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} {{commons category}} == Pranala jaba == {{wikivoyage}} * [http://www.tourism.lt/nature/parks/aukstaitija.html Tourism.lt] * {{Official website|http://www.anp.lt/index.php}} * [http://www.escape.lt Pamargi ring Lithuania] {{Taman Nasional ring Lithuania}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Aukstaitija Taman Nasional}} [[Kategori:Taman Nasional ring Lithuania]] 5nvxzarw1i6s0hn5foextw0v64i5irb 277196 277195 2026-07-18T17:16:48Z Chinamoonroll 653 277196 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Aukštaitija | iucn_category = II | photo = Paluse Lusiai lake.jpg | caption = Danu Lūšiai ring [[Palūšė]] | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Ignalina]] | map=Lithuania | relief=yes | label = TN Aukštaitija | coordinates = {{coord|55.344|N|26.057|E|source:dewiki|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | area_km2 = 410.56 | established = 1974 | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 9 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} __NOTOC__ '''Taman Nasional Aukštaitija''' inggih punika [[taman nasional]] ring kalér-kangin [[Lithuania]], sawatara 100&nbsp;km kalér [[Vilnius]]. Kaadegang duk warsa 1974, puniki pinaka sane pinih purwa saking limang [[Lis taman nasional ring Lituania|taman nasional ring Lituania]]. Pamahbahné kawastanin Taman Nasional [[SSR Lituania]] anggén negesang indik taman punika kapertama sakadi punika ring républik punika. Duk warsa 1991 petang taman tiosan kawangun tur kawastanin antuk étnographi [[wawengkon ring Lituania]]. Taman punika kagentosin wastannyané antuk [[Aukštaitija]]. ==Cingak taler== * [[Danu Gavys]] * [[Danu Šakarvai]] * [[Danu Kretuonas]] * [[Lis taman nasional ring Baltik]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} {{commons category}} == Pranala jaba == {{wikivoyage}} * [http://www.tourism.lt/nature/parks/aukstaitija.html Tourism.lt] * {{Official website|http://www.anp.lt/index.php}} * [http://www.escape.lt Pamargi ring Lithuania] {{Taman Nasional ring Lithuania}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Aukstaitija Taman Nasional}} [[Kategori:Taman Nasional ring Lithuania]] nntft2ik3406kztorvu3b1iyh6kv6bn 277203 277196 2026-07-18T17:42:57Z Chinamoonroll 653 277203 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Aukštaitija | iucn_category = II | photo = Paluse Lusiai lake.jpg | photo_caption = Danu Lūšiai ring [[Palūšė]] | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Ignalina]] | map=Lithuania | relief=yes | label = TN Aukštaitija | coordinates = {{coord|55.344|N|26.057|E|source:dewiki|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | area_km2 = 410.56 | established = 1974 | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 9 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} __NOTOC__ '''Taman Nasional Aukštaitija''' inggih punika [[taman nasional]] ring kalér-kangin [[Lithuania]], sawatara 100&nbsp;km kalér [[Vilnius]]. Kaadegang duk warsa 1974, puniki pinaka sane pinih purwa saking limang [[Lis taman nasional ring Lituania|taman nasional ring Lituania]]. Pamahbahné kawastanin Taman Nasional [[SSR Lituania]] anggén negesang indik taman punika kapertama sakadi punika ring républik punika. Duk warsa 1991 petang taman tiosan kawangun tur kawastanin antuk étnographi [[wawengkon ring Lituania]]. Taman punika kagentosin wastannyané antuk [[Aukštaitija]]. ==Cingak taler== * [[Danu Gavys]] * [[Danu Šakarvai]] * [[Danu Kretuonas]] * [[Lis taman nasional ring Baltik]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} {{commons category}} == Pranala jaba == {{wikivoyage}} * [http://www.tourism.lt/nature/parks/aukstaitija.html Tourism.lt] * {{Official website|http://www.anp.lt/index.php}} * [http://www.escape.lt Pamargi ring Lithuania] {{Taman Nasional ring Lithuania}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Aukstaitija Taman Nasional}} [[Kategori:Taman Nasional ring Lithuania]] syb4oybxxlaf02kdlmua2q4wgk7as8a 0 81213 277197 2026-07-18T17:22:22Z Chinamoonroll 653 Ngardi kaca madaging "{{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Bura Kuronian | iucn_category = II | photo = Pilkosios kopos1.jpg | caption = Bukit bias ring Taman Nasional Bura Kuronian | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Munisipalitas Neringa|Neringa]] | map = Lithuania | relief = yes | label = TN Bura Kuronian | coordinates = {{coords|55.481|21.097|source:dewiki|display=inline, title}} | area..." 277197 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Bura Kuronian | iucn_category = II | photo = Pilkosios kopos1.jpg | caption = Bukit bias ring Taman Nasional Bura Kuronian | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Munisipalitas Neringa|Neringa]] | map = Lithuania | relief = yes | label = TN Bura Kuronian | coordinates = {{coords|55.481|21.097|source:dewiki|display=inline, title}} | area = {{convert|273.89|km2|abbr=on}} | established = 1991 | visitation_num = 0.4 yuta<ref>{{cite web|title=Turistų srautai kelia nerimą|url=https://www.15min.lt/naujiena/aktualu/lietuva/turistu-srautai-kelia-nerima-56-161444|date=22 July 2011|access-date=21 August 2021|website=15min}}</ref> | visitation_year = 2011 | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 8 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} '''Taman Nasional Bura Kuronian''' ({{langx|lt|Kuršių nerijos nacionalinis parkas}}; {{lang-en|Curonian Spit National Park) inggih punika silih sinunggil saking limang [[taman nasional]] ring [[Lituania]]. Puniki kawangun duk warsa 1991 mangda prasida nyaga [[ekosistem]] sané unik saking [[Bura Kuronian]] miwah [[Laguna Kuronian]]. ==Cingak taler== * [[Bukit Bias Parnidis]] * ''[[Panangkep Suara]]'' * [[Lis taman nasional ring Baltik]] * [[Taman Nasional Bura Kuronian (Rusia)]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} {{commons category||position=left}} == Pranala jaba == *[http://www.nerija.lt/en Official Web page of the Park] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150514164118/http://www.nerija.lt/en |date=2015-05-14 }} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20150112201046/http://www.lithuania.travel/en-gb/attractions/the-trail-of-nagliai-nature-reserve/17186 Jejak Cagar Alam Nagliai] {{Taman Nasional ring Lithuania}} {{Authority control}} [[Kategori:Taman Nasional ring Lithuania]] j7gk7zr3dgha82rlfcq7nq1srxsu0ru 277198 277197 2026-07-18T17:22:54Z Chinamoonroll 653 277198 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Bura Kuronian | iucn_category = II | photo = Pilkosios kopos1.jpg | caption = Bukit bias ring Taman Nasional Bura Kuronian | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Munisipalitas Neringa|Neringa]] | map = Lithuania | relief = yes | label = TN Bura Kuronian | coordinates = {{coords|55.481|21.097|source:dewiki|display=inline, title}} | area = {{convert|273.89|km2|abbr=on}} | established = 1991 | visitation_num = 0.4 yuta<ref>{{cite web|title=Turistų srautai kelia nerimą|url=https://www.15min.lt/naujiena/aktualu/lietuva/turistu-srautai-kelia-nerima-56-161444|date=22 July 2011|access-date=21 August 2021|website=15min}}</ref> | visitation_year = 2011 | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 8 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} '''Taman Nasional Bura Kuronian''' ({{langx|lt|Kuršių nerijos nacionalinis parkas}}; {{lang-en|Curonian Spit National Park}}) inggih punika silih sinunggil saking limang [[taman nasional]] ring [[Lithuania]]. Puniki kawangun duk warsa 1991 mangda prasida nyaga [[ekosistem]] sané unik saking [[Bura Kuronian]] miwah [[Laguna Kuronian]]. ==Cingak taler== * [[Bukit Bias Parnidis]] * ''[[Panangkep Suara]]'' * [[Lis taman nasional ring Baltik]] * [[Taman Nasional Bura Kuronian (Rusia)]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} {{commons category||position=left}} == Pranala jaba == *[http://www.nerija.lt/en Official Web page of the Park] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150514164118/http://www.nerija.lt/en |date=2015-05-14 }} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20150112201046/http://www.lithuania.travel/en-gb/attractions/the-trail-of-nagliai-nature-reserve/17186 Jejak Cagar Alam Nagliai] {{Taman Nasional ring Lithuania}} {{Authority control}} [[Kategori:Taman Nasional ring Lithuania]] 70cjflp7gtp123rnhbukjy98pkcxqwh 277202 277198 2026-07-18T17:42:04Z Chinamoonroll 653 277202 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Bura Kuronian | iucn_category = II | photo = Pilkosios kopos1.jpg | photo_caption = Bukit bias ring Taman Nasional Bura Kuronian | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Munisipalitas Neringa|Neringa]] | map = Lithuania | relief = yes | label = TN Bura Kuronian | coordinates = {{coords|55.481|21.097|source:dewiki|display=inline, title}} | area = {{convert|273.89|km2|abbr=on}} | established = 1991 | visitation_num = 0.4 yuta<ref>{{cite web|title=Turistų srautai kelia nerimą|url=https://www.15min.lt/naujiena/aktualu/lietuva/turistu-srautai-kelia-nerima-56-161444|date=22 July 2011|access-date=21 August 2021|website=15min}}</ref> | visitation_year = 2011 | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 8 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} '''Taman Nasional Bura Kuronian''' ({{langx|lt|Kuršių nerijos nacionalinis parkas}}; {{lang-en|Curonian Spit National Park}}) inggih punika silih sinunggil saking limang [[taman nasional]] ring [[Lithuania]]. Puniki kawangun duk warsa 1991 mangda prasida nyaga [[ekosistem]] sané unik saking [[Bura Kuronian]] miwah [[Laguna Kuronian]]. ==Cingak taler== * [[Bukit Bias Parnidis]] * ''[[Panangkep Suara]]'' * [[Lis taman nasional ring Baltik]] * [[Taman Nasional Bura Kuronian (Rusia)]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} {{commons category||position=left}} == Pranala jaba == *[http://www.nerija.lt/en Official Web page of the Park] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150514164118/http://www.nerija.lt/en |date=2015-05-14 }} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20150112201046/http://www.lithuania.travel/en-gb/attractions/the-trail-of-nagliai-nature-reserve/17186 Jejak Cagar Alam Nagliai] {{Taman Nasional ring Lithuania}} {{Authority control}} [[Kategori:Taman Nasional ring Lithuania]] rvuhpf7boerj4ykigwd8e32edpmbeih 277216 277202 2026-07-18T17:58:28Z Chinamoonroll 653 /* Pranala jaba */ 277216 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Bura Kuronian | iucn_category = II | photo = Pilkosios kopos1.jpg | photo_caption = Bukit bias ring Taman Nasional Bura Kuronian | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Munisipalitas Neringa|Neringa]] | map = Lithuania | relief = yes | label = TN Bura Kuronian | coordinates = {{coords|55.481|21.097|source:dewiki|display=inline, title}} | area = {{convert|273.89|km2|abbr=on}} | established = 1991 | visitation_num = 0.4 yuta<ref>{{cite web|title=Turistų srautai kelia nerimą|url=https://www.15min.lt/naujiena/aktualu/lietuva/turistu-srautai-kelia-nerima-56-161444|date=22 July 2011|access-date=21 August 2021|website=15min}}</ref> | visitation_year = 2011 | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 8 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} '''Taman Nasional Bura Kuronian''' ({{langx|lt|Kuršių nerijos nacionalinis parkas}}; {{lang-en|Curonian Spit National Park}}) inggih punika silih sinunggil saking limang [[taman nasional]] ring [[Lithuania]]. Puniki kawangun duk warsa 1991 mangda prasida nyaga [[ekosistem]] sané unik saking [[Bura Kuronian]] miwah [[Laguna Kuronian]]. ==Cingak taler== * [[Bukit Bias Parnidis]] * ''[[Panangkep Suara]]'' * [[Lis taman nasional ring Baltik]] * [[Taman Nasional Bura Kuronian (Rusia)]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} {{commons category||position=left}} == Pranala jaba == *[http://www.nerija.lt/en Official Web page of the Park] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150514164118/http://www.nerija.lt/en |date=2015-05-14 }} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20150112201046/http://www.lithuania.travel/en-gb/attractions/the-trail-of-nagliai-nature-reserve/17186 Jejak Cagar Alam Nagliai] {{Taman Nasional ring Lithuania}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kursiu Nerija Taman Nasional}} {{Authority control}} [[Kategori:Taman Nasional ring Lithuania]] 2dmiye8wfrng38zvdptr3l0xioggl8c 0 81214 277199 2026-07-18T17:39:12Z Chinamoonroll 653 Ngardi kaca madaging "{{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Dzūkija | iucn_category = II | photo = Cepkeliu swamps.jpg | caption = [[Gambut Čepkeliai]] ring Taman Nasional Dzūkija | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Varėna]] | map=Lithuania | relief=yes | label = TN Dzūkija | coordinates = {{coord|54|04|55|N|24|22|36|E|display=inline, title}} | area_km2 = 584.53 | established = 1991 | visitation_num = 30,000 | visitation_year = | governing_body = | mapframe = ye..." 277199 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Dzūkija | iucn_category = II | photo = Cepkeliu swamps.jpg | caption = [[Gambut Čepkeliai]] ring Taman Nasional Dzūkija | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Varėna]] | map=Lithuania | relief=yes | label = TN Dzūkija | coordinates = {{coord|54|04|55|N|24|22|36|E|display=inline, title}} | area_km2 = 584.53 | established = 1991 | visitation_num = 30,000 | visitation_year = | governing_body = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 8 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} __NOTOC__ '''Taman Nasional Dzūkija''' inggih punika [[taman nasional]] ring [[Dzūkija]], Lituania, magenah 100 kilométer kelod kauh saking ibu kota, [[Vilnius]], miwah 100 kilométer kelod saking [[Kaunas]]. Punika kaadegang duk tanggal 23 April 1991 olih Mahkamah Agung [[Lituania|Républik Lituania]]. Taman puniki kaadegang anggén nyaga lan ngatur wawengkon tanah [[Alas Dainava|Dainava]]. Taman puniki utamanyane kawangun antuk wewidangan gambut, danu, tukad, rawa-rawa, bukit bias, miwah pucuk-pucuk gunung.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2007-11-16 |title=Dzukija National Park |url=http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm |access-date=2023-11-19 |archive-date=2012-04-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120423033716/http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> tur pinaka alas sané pinih jimbar tur kajaga ring panegara. Taman nasional puniki linggahnyané 584,53 kilométer persegi ring pasisi [[Tukad Nemunas]].<ref>[https://www.protectedplanet.net/dzukijos-nacionalinis-parkas-state-park Dzukijos Nacionalinis Parkas in Lithuania] ''Protected Planet''</ref> Taman puniki ngranjing ring [[Asosiasi Taman Nasional Baltik]] miwah [[Féderasi Taman Nasional Éropa]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm |title=GENERAL INFORMATION |accessdate=2007-09-21 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071116040002/http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm |archivedate=2007-11-16 }}</ref> ==Cingak taler== * [[Lis taman nasional ring Baltik]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} {{commons category||position=left}} == Pranala jaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071116040002/http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm Dzukija National Park] * [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sites/index.html?action=SitHTMDetails.asp&sid=237&m=0 BirdLife IBA Factsheet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090102233254/http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sites/index.html?action=SitHTMDetails.asp&sid=237&m=0 |date=2009-01-02 }} * [http://en.litauen-netz.de/168/national-parks-en/dzuki-en.html Dzukija National Park on Litauen Netz] * [https://kaimoturizmosodyba.eu/en/dzukijos-national-park/ Accommodation in Dzukija National Park] {{Taman Nasional ring Lithuania}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Dzukija National Park}} [[Kategori:Taman Nasional ring Lithuania]] d2zq6m126p73irrqkpo7jk7f0ybhm1b 277200 277199 2026-07-18T17:39:48Z Chinamoonroll 653 /* Pranala jaba */ 277200 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Dzūkija | iucn_category = II | photo = Cepkeliu swamps.jpg | caption = [[Gambut Čepkeliai]] ring Taman Nasional Dzūkija | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Varėna]] | map=Lithuania | relief=yes | label = TN Dzūkija | coordinates = {{coord|54|04|55|N|24|22|36|E|display=inline, title}} | area_km2 = 584.53 | established = 1991 | visitation_num = 30,000 | visitation_year = | governing_body = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 8 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} __NOTOC__ '''Taman Nasional Dzūkija''' inggih punika [[taman nasional]] ring [[Dzūkija]], Lituania, magenah 100 kilométer kelod kauh saking ibu kota, [[Vilnius]], miwah 100 kilométer kelod saking [[Kaunas]]. Punika kaadegang duk tanggal 23 April 1991 olih Mahkamah Agung [[Lituania|Républik Lituania]]. Taman puniki kaadegang anggén nyaga lan ngatur wawengkon tanah [[Alas Dainava|Dainava]]. Taman puniki utamanyane kawangun antuk wewidangan gambut, danu, tukad, rawa-rawa, bukit bias, miwah pucuk-pucuk gunung.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2007-11-16 |title=Dzukija National Park |url=http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm |access-date=2023-11-19 |archive-date=2012-04-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120423033716/http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> tur pinaka alas sané pinih jimbar tur kajaga ring panegara. Taman nasional puniki linggahnyané 584,53 kilométer persegi ring pasisi [[Tukad Nemunas]].<ref>[https://www.protectedplanet.net/dzukijos-nacionalinis-parkas-state-park Dzukijos Nacionalinis Parkas in Lithuania] ''Protected Planet''</ref> Taman puniki ngranjing ring [[Asosiasi Taman Nasional Baltik]] miwah [[Féderasi Taman Nasional Éropa]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm |title=GENERAL INFORMATION |accessdate=2007-09-21 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071116040002/http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm |archivedate=2007-11-16 }}</ref> ==Cingak taler== * [[Lis taman nasional ring Baltik]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} {{commons category||position=left}} == Pranala jaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071116040002/http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm Dzukija National Park] * [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sites/index.html?action=SitHTMDetails.asp&sid=237&m=0 BirdLife IBA Factsheet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090102233254/http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sites/index.html?action=SitHTMDetails.asp&sid=237&m=0 |date=2009-01-02 }} * [http://en.litauen-netz.de/168/national-parks-en/dzuki-en.html Dzukija National Park on Litauen Netz] * [https://kaimoturizmosodyba.eu/en/dzukijos-national-park/ Accommodation in Dzukija National Park] {{Taman Nasional ring Lithuania}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Dzukija Taman Nasional}} [[Kategori:Taman Nasional ring Lithuania]] 14iqtv0wb109rg7wnxx5a2xwaefwour 277201 277200 2026-07-18T17:41:08Z Chinamoonroll 653 277201 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Dzūkija | iucn_category = II | photo = Cepkeliu swamps.jpg | photo_caption = [[Gambut Čepkeliai]] ring Taman Nasional Dzūkija | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Varėna]] | map=Lithuania | relief=yes | label = TN Dzūkija | coordinates = {{coord|54|04|55|N|24|22|36|E|display=inline, title}} | area_km2 = 584.53 | established = 1991 | visitation_num = 30,000 | visitation_year = | governing_body = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 8 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} __NOTOC__ '''Taman Nasional Dzūkija''' inggih punika [[taman nasional]] ring [[Dzūkija]], Lituania, magenah 100 kilométer kelod kauh saking ibu kota, [[Vilnius]], miwah 100 kilométer kelod saking [[Kaunas]]. Punika kaadegang duk tanggal 23 April 1991 olih Mahkamah Agung [[Lituania|Républik Lituania]]. Taman puniki kaadegang anggén nyaga lan ngatur wawengkon tanah [[Alas Dainava|Dainava]]. Taman puniki utamanyane kawangun antuk wewidangan gambut, danu, tukad, rawa-rawa, bukit bias, miwah pucuk-pucuk gunung.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2007-11-16 |title=Dzukija National Park |url=http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm |access-date=2023-11-19 |archive-date=2012-04-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120423033716/http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> tur pinaka alas sané pinih jimbar tur kajaga ring panegara. Taman nasional puniki linggahnyané 584,53 kilométer persegi ring pasisi [[Tukad Nemunas]].<ref>[https://www.protectedplanet.net/dzukijos-nacionalinis-parkas-state-park Dzukijos Nacionalinis Parkas in Lithuania] ''Protected Planet''</ref> Taman puniki ngranjing ring [[Asosiasi Taman Nasional Baltik]] miwah [[Féderasi Taman Nasional Éropa]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm |title=GENERAL INFORMATION |accessdate=2007-09-21 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071116040002/http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm |archivedate=2007-11-16 }}</ref> ==Cingak taler== * [[Lis taman nasional ring Baltik]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} {{commons category||position=left}} == Pranala jaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071116040002/http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm Dzukija National Park] * [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sites/index.html?action=SitHTMDetails.asp&sid=237&m=0 BirdLife IBA Factsheet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090102233254/http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sites/index.html?action=SitHTMDetails.asp&sid=237&m=0 |date=2009-01-02 }} * [http://en.litauen-netz.de/168/national-parks-en/dzuki-en.html Dzukija National Park on Litauen Netz] * [https://kaimoturizmosodyba.eu/en/dzukijos-national-park/ Accommodation in Dzukija National Park] {{Taman Nasional ring Lithuania}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Dzukija Taman Nasional}} [[Kategori:Taman Nasional ring Lithuania]] b8nb9zz3xe2vhcxbwrkukd7ewe3y939 277204 277201 2026-07-18T17:44:54Z Chinamoonroll 653 277204 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Dzūkija | iucn_category = II | photo = Cepkeliu swamps.jpg | photo_caption = [[Gambut Čepkeliai]] ring Taman Nasional Dzūkija | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Varėna]] | map=Lithuania | relief=yes | label = TN Dzūkija | coordinates = {{coord|54|04|55|N|24|22|36|E|display=inline, title}} | area_km2 = 584.53 | established = 1991 | visitation_num = 30,000 | visitation_year = | governing_body = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 8 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} __NOTOC__ '''Taman Nasional Dzūkija''' inggih punika [[taman nasional]] ring [[Dzūkija]], Lituania, magenah 100 kilométer kelod kauh saking ibu kota, [[Vilnius]], miwah 100 kilométer kelod saking [[Kaunas]]. Punika kaadegang duk tanggal 23 April 1991 olih Mahkamah Agung [[Lithuania|Républik Lithuania]]. Taman puniki kaadegang anggén nyaga lan ngatur wawengkon tanah [[Alas Dainava|Dainava]]. Taman puniki utamanyane kawangun antuk wewidangan gambut, danu, tukad, rawa-rawa, bukit bias, miwah pucuk-pucuk gunung.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2007-11-16 |title=Dzukija National Park |url=http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm |access-date=2023-11-19 |archive-date=2012-04-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120423033716/http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> tur pinaka alas sané pinih jimbar tur kajaga ring panegara. Taman nasional puniki linggahnyané 584,53 kilométer persegi ring pasisi [[Tukad Nemunas]].<ref>[https://www.protectedplanet.net/dzukijos-nacionalinis-parkas-state-park Dzukijos Nacionalinis Parkas in Lithuania] ''Protected Planet''</ref> Taman puniki ngranjing ring [[Asosiasi Taman Nasional Baltik]] miwah [[Féderasi Taman Nasional Éropa]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm |title=GENERAL INFORMATION |accessdate=2007-09-21 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071116040002/http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm |archivedate=2007-11-16 }}</ref> ==Cingak taler== * [[Lis taman nasional ring Baltik]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} {{commons category||position=left}} == Pranala jaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071116040002/http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm Dzukija National Park] * [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sites/index.html?action=SitHTMDetails.asp&sid=237&m=0 BirdLife IBA Factsheet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090102233254/http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sites/index.html?action=SitHTMDetails.asp&sid=237&m=0 |date=2009-01-02 }} * [http://en.litauen-netz.de/168/national-parks-en/dzuki-en.html Dzukija National Park on Litauen Netz] * [https://kaimoturizmosodyba.eu/en/dzukijos-national-park/ Accommodation in Dzukija National Park] {{Taman Nasional ring Lithuania}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Dzukija Taman Nasional}} [[Kategori:Taman Nasional ring Lithuania]] nf3dugozmjhd11ibi9l1pxzlt31amzi 277212 277204 2026-07-18T17:54:05Z Hugo.arg 402 Čepkeliai marsh isn't in the park. It is distinct reserve 277212 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Dzūkija | iucn_category = II | photo =Ulos akies laukyme.jpg | photo_caption = | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Varėna]] | map=Lithuania | relief=yes | label = TN Dzūkija | coordinates = {{coord|54|04|55|N|24|22|36|E|display=inline, title}} | area_km2 = 584.53 | established = 1991 | visitation_num = 30,000 | visitation_year = | governing_body = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 8 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} __NOTOC__ '''Taman Nasional Dzūkija''' inggih punika [[taman nasional]] ring [[Dzūkija]], Lituania, magenah 100 kilométer kelod kauh saking ibu kota, [[Vilnius]], miwah 100 kilométer kelod saking [[Kaunas]]. Punika kaadegang duk tanggal 23 April 1991 olih Mahkamah Agung [[Lithuania|Républik Lithuania]]. Taman puniki kaadegang anggén nyaga lan ngatur wawengkon tanah [[Alas Dainava|Dainava]]. Taman puniki utamanyane kawangun antuk wewidangan gambut, danu, tukad, rawa-rawa, bukit bias, miwah pucuk-pucuk gunung.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2007-11-16 |title=Dzukija National Park |url=http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm |access-date=2023-11-19 |archive-date=2012-04-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120423033716/http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> tur pinaka alas sané pinih jimbar tur kajaga ring panegara. Taman nasional puniki linggahnyané 584,53 kilométer persegi ring pasisi [[Tukad Nemunas]].<ref>[https://www.protectedplanet.net/dzukijos-nacionalinis-parkas-state-park Dzukijos Nacionalinis Parkas in Lithuania] ''Protected Planet''</ref> Taman puniki ngranjing ring [[Asosiasi Taman Nasional Baltik]] miwah [[Féderasi Taman Nasional Éropa]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm |title=GENERAL INFORMATION |accessdate=2007-09-21 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071116040002/http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm |archivedate=2007-11-16 }}</ref> ==Cingak taler== * [[Lis taman nasional ring Baltik]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} {{commons category||position=left}} == Pranala jaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071116040002/http://www.wigry.win.pl/dzukija.htm Dzukija National Park] * [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sites/index.html?action=SitHTMDetails.asp&sid=237&m=0 BirdLife IBA Factsheet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090102233254/http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sites/index.html?action=SitHTMDetails.asp&sid=237&m=0 |date=2009-01-02 }} * [http://en.litauen-netz.de/168/national-parks-en/dzuki-en.html Dzukija National Park on Litauen Netz] * [https://kaimoturizmosodyba.eu/en/dzukijos-national-park/ Accommodation in Dzukija National Park] {{Taman Nasional ring Lithuania}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Dzukija Taman Nasional}} [[Kategori:Taman Nasional ring Lithuania]] pzrbnpd4o2orh2iu7yecfor6j8kbiud 0 81215 277205 2026-07-18T17:45:28Z Chinamoonroll 653 Ngardi kaca madaging "{{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Lelintihan Trakai | alt_name = Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parkas | iucn_category = II | photo = Trakai-Troki.jpg | caption = [[Kastil pulo Trakai]]<br>[[File:Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parko logo.svg|150px|thumb|left|Logo of the Trakai Historical National Park]] | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Trakai]] | map=Lithuania | relief=yes | label = TN Lelintihan Trakai | coordinates = {{coord|54.639|N|24.419..." 277205 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Lelintihan Trakai | alt_name = Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parkas | iucn_category = II | photo = Trakai-Troki.jpg | caption = [[Kastil pulo Trakai]]<br>[[File:Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parko logo.svg|150px|thumb|left|Logo of the Trakai Historical National Park]] | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Trakai]] | map=Lithuania | relief=yes | label = TN Lelintihan Trakai | coordinates = {{coord|54.639|N|24.419|E|source:dewiki|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | area_km2 = 81.49 | established = 1992 | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 10 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} __NOTOC__ '''Taman Nasional Lelintihan Trakai''' ({{langx|lt|Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parkas}}) inggih punika [[taman nasional]] ring [[Lithuania]]. Kota puniki kacumawisang ring warsa 1992 mangda prasida ngrangkul kota malelintihan [[Trakai]], sawatara 25 kilométer kelod saking [[Vilnius]], miwah alas, danu, miwah desa-desa ring sawewengkonnyané.<ref>{{cite web | author= | title=Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parkas | website=[[Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija]] | url=https://www.vle.lt/straipsnis/traku-istorinis-nacionalinis-parkas/ | language=lt | access-date=2024-04-22}}</ref> Ipun dados taman kategori II dalam klasifikasi IUCN.<ref>[https://www.protectedplanet.net/traku-istorinis-nacionalinis-parkas-state-park Traku Istorinis Nacionalinis Parkas in Lithuania] ''Protected Planet''</ref> Dados wantah asiki [[Taman lelintihan nasional|taman nasional malelintihan]] ring [[Éropa]]. <ref>{{cite web |title=Trakai Historical - National Park |url=https://www.visitlithuania.net/nature/national-parks/183-trakai-historical-national-park |website=visitlithuania.net |accessdate=23 November 2019 |archive-date=2 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211102210918/https://www.visitlithuania.net/nature/national-parks/183-trakai-historical-national-park |url-status=dead }}</ref> Taman puniki ngeranjing ring Lis Tentatif [[UNESCO]].<ref>{{cite web | last=Centre | first=UNESCO World Heritage | title=Trakai Historical National Park |language=en| website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre | url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1821/ | access-date=2024-04-22}}</ref> ==Cingak taler== * [[Lis taman nasional ring Baltik]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} {{commons category|}} == Pranala jaba == * {{Official website|http://www.seniejitrakai.lt/news/}} * [http://www.tourism.lt/nature/parks/trakainp.html Tourism.lt] {{Taman Nasional ring Lithuania}} {{authority control}} [[Kategori:Taman Nasional ring Lithuania]] bqcqmjggswsh64gosh4g711c6gisbey 277206 277205 2026-07-18T17:45:44Z Chinamoonroll 653 277206 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Lelintihan Trakai | alt_name = Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parkas | iucn_category = II | photo = Trakai-Troki.jpg | photo_caption = [[Kastil pulo Trakai]]<br>[[File:Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parko logo.svg|150px|thumb|left|Logo of the Trakai Historical National Park]] | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Trakai]] | map=Lithuania | relief=yes | label = TN Lelintihan Trakai | coordinates = {{coord|54.639|N|24.419|E|source:dewiki|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | area_km2 = 81.49 | established = 1992 | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 10 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} __NOTOC__ '''Taman Nasional Lelintihan Trakai''' ({{langx|lt|Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parkas}}) inggih punika [[taman nasional]] ring [[Lithuania]]. Kota puniki kacumawisang ring warsa 1992 mangda prasida ngrangkul kota malelintihan [[Trakai]], sawatara 25 kilométer kelod saking [[Vilnius]], miwah alas, danu, miwah desa-desa ring sawewengkonnyané.<ref>{{cite web | author= | title=Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parkas | website=[[Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija]] | url=https://www.vle.lt/straipsnis/traku-istorinis-nacionalinis-parkas/ | language=lt | access-date=2024-04-22}}</ref> Ipun dados taman kategori II dalam klasifikasi IUCN.<ref>[https://www.protectedplanet.net/traku-istorinis-nacionalinis-parkas-state-park Traku Istorinis Nacionalinis Parkas in Lithuania] ''Protected Planet''</ref> Dados wantah asiki [[Taman lelintihan nasional|taman nasional malelintihan]] ring [[Éropa]]. <ref>{{cite web |title=Trakai Historical - National Park |url=https://www.visitlithuania.net/nature/national-parks/183-trakai-historical-national-park |website=visitlithuania.net |accessdate=23 November 2019 |archive-date=2 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211102210918/https://www.visitlithuania.net/nature/national-parks/183-trakai-historical-national-park |url-status=dead }}</ref> Taman puniki ngeranjing ring Lis Tentatif [[UNESCO]].<ref>{{cite web | last=Centre | first=UNESCO World Heritage | title=Trakai Historical National Park |language=en| website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre | url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1821/ | access-date=2024-04-22}}</ref> ==Cingak taler== * [[Lis taman nasional ring Baltik]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} {{commons category|}} == Pranala jaba == * {{Official website|http://www.seniejitrakai.lt/news/}} * [http://www.tourism.lt/nature/parks/trakainp.html Tourism.lt] {{Taman Nasional ring Lithuania}} {{authority control}} [[Kategori:Taman Nasional ring Lithuania]] lj05838deae1bvgj5njlo1un7hjwtdt 277207 277206 2026-07-18T17:47:44Z Chinamoonroll 653 277207 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Lelintihan Trakai | alt_name = Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parkas | iucn_category = II | photo = Trakai-Troki.jpg | photo_caption = [[Kastil pulo Trakai]]<br>[[File:Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parko logo.svg|150px|thumb|centre]]<br>Logo of the Taman Nasional Lelintihan Trakai | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Trakai]] | map=Lithuania | relief=yes | label = TN Lelintihan Trakai | coordinates = {{coord|54.639|N|24.419|E|source:dewiki|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | area_km2 = 81.49 | established = 1992 | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 10 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} __NOTOC__ '''Taman Nasional Lelintihan Trakai''' ({{langx|lt|Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parkas}}) inggih punika [[taman nasional]] ring [[Lithuania]]. Kota puniki kacumawisang ring warsa 1992 mangda prasida ngrangkul kota malelintihan [[Trakai]], sawatara 25 kilométer kelod saking [[Vilnius]], miwah alas, danu, miwah desa-desa ring sawewengkonnyané.<ref>{{cite web | author= | title=Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parkas | website=[[Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija]] | url=https://www.vle.lt/straipsnis/traku-istorinis-nacionalinis-parkas/ | language=lt | access-date=2024-04-22}}</ref> Ipun dados taman kategori II dalam klasifikasi IUCN.<ref>[https://www.protectedplanet.net/traku-istorinis-nacionalinis-parkas-state-park Traku Istorinis Nacionalinis Parkas in Lithuania] ''Protected Planet''</ref> Dados wantah asiki [[Taman lelintihan nasional|taman nasional malelintihan]] ring [[Éropa]]. <ref>{{cite web |title=Trakai Historical - National Park |url=https://www.visitlithuania.net/nature/national-parks/183-trakai-historical-national-park |website=visitlithuania.net |accessdate=23 November 2019 |archive-date=2 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211102210918/https://www.visitlithuania.net/nature/national-parks/183-trakai-historical-national-park |url-status=dead }}</ref> Taman puniki ngeranjing ring Lis Tentatif [[UNESCO]].<ref>{{cite web | last=Centre | first=UNESCO World Heritage | title=Trakai Historical National Park |language=en| website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre | url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1821/ | access-date=2024-04-22}}</ref> ==Cingak taler== * [[Lis taman nasional ring Baltik]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} {{commons category|}} == Pranala jaba == * {{Official website|http://www.seniejitrakai.lt/news/}} * [http://www.tourism.lt/nature/parks/trakainp.html Tourism.lt] {{Taman Nasional ring Lithuania}} {{authority control}} [[Kategori:Taman Nasional ring Lithuania]] ny36xo0gd567ik9erqio98s352xt68g 277208 277207 2026-07-18T17:48:19Z Chinamoonroll 653 277208 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Lelintihan Trakai | alt_name = Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parkas | iucn_category = II | photo = Trakai-Troki.jpg | photo_caption = [[Kastil pulo Trakai]]<br>[[File:Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parko logo.svg|150px|centre]]<br>Logo of the Taman Nasional Lelintihan Trakai | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Trakai]] | map=Lithuania | relief=yes | label = TN Lelintihan Trakai | coordinates = {{coord|54.639|N|24.419|E|source:dewiki|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | area_km2 = 81.49 | established = 1992 | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 10 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} __NOTOC__ '''Taman Nasional Lelintihan Trakai''' ({{langx|lt|Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parkas}}) inggih punika [[taman nasional]] ring [[Lithuania]]. Kota puniki kacumawisang ring warsa 1992 mangda prasida ngrangkul kota malelintihan [[Trakai]], sawatara 25 kilométer kelod saking [[Vilnius]], miwah alas, danu, miwah desa-desa ring sawewengkonnyané.<ref>{{cite web | author= | title=Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parkas | website=[[Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija]] | url=https://www.vle.lt/straipsnis/traku-istorinis-nacionalinis-parkas/ | language=lt | access-date=2024-04-22}}</ref> Ipun dados taman kategori II dalam klasifikasi IUCN.<ref>[https://www.protectedplanet.net/traku-istorinis-nacionalinis-parkas-state-park Traku Istorinis Nacionalinis Parkas in Lithuania] ''Protected Planet''</ref> Dados wantah asiki [[Taman lelintihan nasional|taman nasional malelintihan]] ring [[Éropa]]. <ref>{{cite web |title=Trakai Historical - National Park |url=https://www.visitlithuania.net/nature/national-parks/183-trakai-historical-national-park |website=visitlithuania.net |accessdate=23 November 2019 |archive-date=2 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211102210918/https://www.visitlithuania.net/nature/national-parks/183-trakai-historical-national-park |url-status=dead }}</ref> Taman puniki ngeranjing ring Lis Tentatif [[UNESCO]].<ref>{{cite web | last=Centre | first=UNESCO World Heritage | title=Trakai Historical National Park |language=en| website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre | url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1821/ | access-date=2024-04-22}}</ref> ==Cingak taler== * [[Lis taman nasional ring Baltik]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} {{commons category|}} == Pranala jaba == * {{Official website|http://www.seniejitrakai.lt/news/}} * [http://www.tourism.lt/nature/parks/trakainp.html Tourism.lt] {{Taman Nasional ring Lithuania}} {{authority control}} [[Kategori:Taman Nasional ring Lithuania]] 1mu84mm70mftsjcvd4vnaovcndeo4f9 277209 277208 2026-07-18T17:48:37Z Chinamoonroll 653 277209 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Lelintihan Trakai | alt_name = Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parkas | iucn_category = II | photo = Trakai-Troki.jpg | photo_caption = [[Kastil pulo Trakai]]<br>[[File:Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parko logo.svg|150px|centre]]<br>Logo Taman Nasional Lelintihan Trakai | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Trakai]] | map=Lithuania | relief=yes | label = TN Lelintihan Trakai | coordinates = {{coord|54.639|N|24.419|E|source:dewiki|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | area_km2 = 81.49 | established = 1992 | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 10 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} __NOTOC__ '''Taman Nasional Lelintihan Trakai''' ({{langx|lt|Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parkas}}) inggih punika [[taman nasional]] ring [[Lithuania]]. Kota puniki kacumawisang ring warsa 1992 mangda prasida ngrangkul kota malelintihan [[Trakai]], sawatara 25 kilométer kelod saking [[Vilnius]], miwah alas, danu, miwah desa-desa ring sawewengkonnyané.<ref>{{cite web | author= | title=Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parkas | website=[[Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija]] | url=https://www.vle.lt/straipsnis/traku-istorinis-nacionalinis-parkas/ | language=lt | access-date=2024-04-22}}</ref> Ipun dados taman kategori II dalam klasifikasi IUCN.<ref>[https://www.protectedplanet.net/traku-istorinis-nacionalinis-parkas-state-park Traku Istorinis Nacionalinis Parkas in Lithuania] ''Protected Planet''</ref> Dados wantah asiki [[Taman lelintihan nasional|taman nasional malelintihan]] ring [[Éropa]]. <ref>{{cite web |title=Trakai Historical - National Park |url=https://www.visitlithuania.net/nature/national-parks/183-trakai-historical-national-park |website=visitlithuania.net |accessdate=23 November 2019 |archive-date=2 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211102210918/https://www.visitlithuania.net/nature/national-parks/183-trakai-historical-national-park |url-status=dead }}</ref> Taman puniki ngeranjing ring Lis Tentatif [[UNESCO]].<ref>{{cite web | last=Centre | first=UNESCO World Heritage | title=Trakai Historical National Park |language=en| website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre | url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1821/ | access-date=2024-04-22}}</ref> ==Cingak taler== * [[Lis taman nasional ring Baltik]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} {{commons category|}} == Pranala jaba == * {{Official website|http://www.seniejitrakai.lt/news/}} * [http://www.tourism.lt/nature/parks/trakainp.html Tourism.lt] {{Taman Nasional ring Lithuania}} {{authority control}} [[Kategori:Taman Nasional ring Lithuania]] bebgt371n68dshu9utn13er0cu5lznp 277217 277209 2026-07-18T17:59:14Z Chinamoonroll 653 277217 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Lelintihan Trakai | alt_name = Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parkas | iucn_category = II | photo = Trakai-Troki.jpg | photo_caption = [[Kastil pulo Trakai]]<br>[[File:Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parko logo.svg|150px|centre]]<br>Logo Taman Nasional Lelintihan Trakai | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = [[Trakai]] | map=Lithuania | relief=yes | label = TN Lelintihan Trakai | coordinates = {{coord|54.639|N|24.419|E|source:dewiki|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | area_km2 = 81.49 | established = 1992 | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 10 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} __NOTOC__ '''Taman Nasional Lelintihan Trakai''' ({{langx|lt|Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parkas}}) inggih punika [[taman nasional]] ring [[Lithuania]]. Kota puniki kacumawisang ring warsa 1992 mangda prasida ngrangkul kota malelintihan [[Trakai]], sawatara 25 kilométer kelod saking [[Vilnius]], miwah alas, danu, miwah desa-desa ring sawewengkonnyané.<ref>{{cite web | author= | title=Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parkas | website=[[Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija]] | url=https://www.vle.lt/straipsnis/traku-istorinis-nacionalinis-parkas/ | language=lt | access-date=2024-04-22}}</ref> Ipun dados taman kategori II dalam klasifikasi IUCN.<ref>[https://www.protectedplanet.net/traku-istorinis-nacionalinis-parkas-state-park Traku Istorinis Nacionalinis Parkas in Lithuania] ''Protected Planet''</ref> Dados wantah asiki [[Taman lelintihan nasional|taman nasional malelintihan]] ring [[Éropa]]. <ref>{{cite web |title=Trakai Historical - National Park |url=https://www.visitlithuania.net/nature/national-parks/183-trakai-historical-national-park |website=visitlithuania.net |accessdate=23 November 2019 |archive-date=2 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211102210918/https://www.visitlithuania.net/nature/national-parks/183-trakai-historical-national-park |url-status=dead }}</ref> Taman puniki ngeranjing ring Lis Tentatif [[UNESCO]].<ref>{{cite web | last=Centre | first=UNESCO World Heritage | title=Trakai Historical National Park |language=en| website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre | url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1821/ | access-date=2024-04-22}}</ref> ==Cingak taler== * [[Lis taman nasional ring Baltik]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} {{commons category|}} == Pranala jaba == * {{Official website|http://www.seniejitrakai.lt/news/}} * [http://www.tourism.lt/nature/parks/trakainp.html Tourism.lt] {{Taman Nasional ring Lithuania}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Trakai Lelintihan Taman Nasional {{authority control}} [[Kategori:Taman Nasional ring Lithuania]] lnjs4suynm8oxnxkp0qnpnmbqbl2a14 0 81216 277210 2026-07-18T17:50:11Z Chinamoonroll 653 Ngardi kaca madaging "{{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Žemaitija | iucn_category = II | photo = Lithuania Plateliai lake.jpg | photo_caption = Danu Plateliai | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = | map=Lithuania | relief=yes | label = TN Žemaitija | coordinates = {{coord|56|02|55|N|21|53|20|E|source:dewiki|display=it}} | area_km2 = 217.54 | established = 1991 | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 9 | mapfram..." 277210 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Žemaitija | iucn_category = II | photo = Lithuania Plateliai lake.jpg | photo_caption = Danu Plateliai | location = [[Lithuania]] | nearest_city = | map=Lithuania | relief=yes | label = TN Žemaitija | coordinates = {{coord|56|02|55|N|21|53|20|E|source:dewiki|display=it}} | area_km2 = 217.54 | established = 1991 | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 9 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} __NOTOC__ '''Taman Nasional Samogitia''' utawi '''Taman Nasional Žemaitija''' inggih punika satunggil [[taman nasional]] ring [[Lithuania]]. Ipun magenah ring [[Dataran Tegeh Samogitia]], 45&nbsp;km saking [[Segara Baltik]]. Danu-danu nekepin langkung saking 7% saking wawengkon ipun. [[Danu Plateliai]] (12.05&nbsp;km², dalem 47 m) inggih punika danu sane pinih ageng ring taman punika. Kota [[Plateliai]], sané magenah ring pasisi danu, pinaka genah administrasi taman lan genah wisata sané kaloktah. Taman puniki madué Kategori II ring klasifikasi IUCN.<ref name="planet">[https://www.protectedplanet.net/zemaitijos-nacionalinis-parkas-state-park Zemaitijos Nacionalinis Parkas in Lithuania] ''[[Protected Planet]]''</ref> ==Cingak taler== * [[Lis taman nasional ring Baltik]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} {{Taman Nasional ring Lithuania}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Zemaitija National Park}} [[Kategori:Taman Nasional ring Lithuania]] b5sxzuxshn6ir39t0oram5um0yemope 828 81217 277211 2026-07-18T17:52:23Z Chinamoonroll 653 Ngardi kaca madaging "return { name = 'Lithuania', top = 56.7, bottom = 53.7, left = 20.4, right = 27.2, image = 'Lithuania adm location map.svg', image1 = 'Relief Map of Lithuania.jpg' }" 277211 Scribunto text/plain return { name = 'Lithuania', top = 56.7, bottom = 53.7, left = 20.4, right = 27.2, image = 'Lithuania adm location map.svg', image1 = 'Relief Map of Lithuania.jpg' } t8ykdbuwn6nhqljbus7ry308w3zgvas 14 81218 277213 2026-07-18T17:55:57Z Chinamoonroll 653 Ngardi kaca madaging "[[Kategori:Taman nasional ring Éropa manut negara|Lithuania]]" 277213 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Kategori:Taman nasional ring Éropa manut negara|Lithuania]] 7ylp1kduxt7bahjxn94pp5t42jr3tbk 277214 277213 2026-07-18T17:57:01Z Chinamoonroll 653 277214 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Kategori:Taman nasional Éropa mawit negara|Taman Nasional ring Éropa mawit negara|Lithuania]] 9glzl50cswzpy75tylxvbc0a6yb41xj 277215 277214 2026-07-18T17:57:44Z Chinamoonroll 653 277215 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Kategori:Taman nasional Éropa mawit negara|Lithuania]] h456f5dhogz6l6z4ocsghifz5p0ya5a 277218 277215 2026-07-18T18:01:27Z Chinamoonroll 653 277218 wikitext text/x-wiki {{CatAutoTOC}} {{maplink|frame=yes|text=Peta interaktip Taman Nasional Lithuania{ "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoshape", "properties": {"fill": "#07c63e"}, "query": " SELECT ?id ?idLabel (CONCAT('[[', SUBSTR(STR(?link), 32 , 500 ), '|', ?idLabel, ']]') AS ?title) (CONCAT(?idLabel, '\\n', '[[File:', SUBSTR(STR(?img), 52 , 500 ), '|200px]]') AS ?description) WHERE { ?id wdt:P31 wd:Q1317754. OPTIONAL { ?id p:P18 _:b2. _:b2 ps:P18 ?img; wikibase:rank wikibase:PreferredRank. } ?link schema:about ?id; schema:isPartOf <https://ban.wikipedia.org/>. SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language '[AUTO_LANGUAGE],ban'. } } "} |frame-width=500|frame-height=500|frame-lat=52|frame-long=19|zoom=6 }} {{Commons category|National parks of Lithuania}} [[Kategori:Taman nasional mawit negara|Polandia]] [[Kategori:Taman nasional Éropa mawit negara|Lithuania]] a360s1tra9yn26zznz34cl0ltib8nxj 277219 277218 2026-07-18T18:05:03Z Chinamoonroll 653 277219 wikitext text/x-wiki {{CatAutoTOC}} {{maplink|frame=yes|text=Peta interaktip Taman Nasional Lithuania{ "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoshape", "properties": {"fill": "#07c63e"}, "query": " SELECT ?id ?idLabel (CONCAT('[[', SUBSTR(STR(?link), 32 , 500 ), '|', ?idLabel, ']]') AS ?title) (CONCAT(?idLabel, '\\n', '[[File:', SUBSTR(STR(?img), 52 , 500 ), '|200px]]') AS ?description) WHERE { ?statement0 (ps:P31/(wdt:P279*)) wd:Q46169. ?id p:P17 ?statement1. ?statement1 (ps:P17/(wdt:P279*)) wd:Q37. OPTIONAL { ?id p:P18 _:b2. _:b2 ps:P18 ?img; wikibase:rank wikibase:PreferredRank. } ?link schema:about ?id; schema:isPartOf <https://ban.wikipedia.org/>. SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language '[AUTO_LANGUAGE],ban'. } } "} |frame-width=500|frame-height=500|frame-lat=52|frame-long=19|zoom=6 }} {{Commons category|National parks of Lithuania}} [[Kategori:Taman nasional mawit negara|Polandia]] [[Kategori:Taman nasional Éropa mawit negara|Lithuania]] oh66hfl7o4c5rz4og1q4e49bxdnqugk 277220 277219 2026-07-18T18:06:44Z Chinamoonroll 653 277220 wikitext text/x-wiki {{CatAutoTOC}} {{maplink|frame=yes|text=Peta interaktip Taman Nasional Lithuania{ "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoshape", "properties": {"fill": "#07c63e"}, "query": " SELECT ?id ?idLabel (CONCAT('[[', SUBSTR(STR(?link), 32 , 500 ), '|', ?idLabel, ']]') AS ?title) (CONCAT(?idLabel, '\\n', '[[File:', SUBSTR(STR(?img), 52 , 500 ), '|200px]]') AS ?description) WHERE { ?statement0 (ps:P31/(wdt:P279*)) wd:Q46169. ?id p:P17 ?statement1. ?statement1 (ps:P17/(wdt:P279*)) wd:Q37. OPTIONAL { ?id p:P18 _:b2. _:b2 ps:P18 ?img; wikibase:rank wikibase:PreferredRank. } ?link schema:about ?id; schema:isPartOf <https://ban.wikipedia.org/>. SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language '[AUTO_LANGUAGE],ban'. } } "} |frame-width=500|frame-height=500|frame-lat=55|frame-long=23|zoom=6 }} {{Commons category|National parks of Lithuania}} [[Kategori:Taman nasional mawit negara|Polandia]] [[Kategori:Taman nasional Éropa mawit negara|Lithuania]] 4b0uzes86udtjz1dy3b65n4qta4ad1k 277221 277220 2026-07-18T18:34:55Z Chinamoonroll 653 277221 wikitext text/x-wiki {{CatAutoTOC}} {{maplink|frame=yes|text=Peta interaktip Taman Nasional Lithuania.|raw={ "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoshape", "properties": {"fill": "#07c63e"}, "query": " SELECT ?id ?idLabel (CONCAT('[[', SUBSTR(STR(?link), 32 , 500 ), '|', ?idLabel, ']]') AS ?title) (CONCAT(?idLabel, '\\n', '[[File:', SUBSTR(STR(?img), 52 , 500 ), '|200px]]') AS ?description) WHERE { ?id p:P31 ?statement0. ?statement0 (ps:P31/(wdt:P279*)) wd:Q46169. ?id p:P17 ?statement1. ?statement1 (ps:P17/(wdt:P279*)) wd:Q37. OPTIONAL { ?id p:P18 _:b2. _:b2 ps:P18 ?img; wikibase:rank wikibase:PreferredRank. } ?link schema:about ?id; schema:isPartOf <https://ban.wikipedia.org/>. SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language '[AUTO_LANGUAGE],ban'. } } "} |frame-width=550|frame-height=450|frame-lat=55.2|frame-long=23.9|zoom=7 }} {{Commons category|National parks of Lithuania}} [[Kategori:Taman nasional mawit negara|Polandia]] [[Kategori:Taman nasional Éropa mawit negara|Lithuania]] jb7gicd4bpwynjzopfzfwyy2ojx6gp3 0 81219 277222 2026-07-18T18:39:34Z Chinamoonroll 653 Ngardi kaca madaging "{{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Abruzzo, Lazio miwah Molise | alt_name = Parco Nazionale d'Abruzzo, Lazio e Molise | iucn_category = II | photo = Sterpi d'Alto.jpg | photo_size = 500 | photo_alt = | photo_caption = [[Monte Sterpi d'Alto]] | image_map = Parco Nazionale d'Abruzzo.jpg | map_alt = | map_caption = | map_width = | location = [[Abruzzo]], [[Lazio]], [[Molise]] | nearest_city = [[Roma]] | coords_ref = | established = 1923 | visitation_num..." 277222 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox protected area | name = Taman Nasional Abruzzo, Lazio miwah Molise | alt_name = Parco Nazionale d'Abruzzo, Lazio e Molise | iucn_category = II | photo = Sterpi d'Alto.jpg | photo_size = 500 | photo_alt = | photo_caption = [[Monte Sterpi d'Alto]] | image_map = Parco Nazionale d'Abruzzo.jpg | map_alt = | map_caption = | map_width = | location = [[Abruzzo]], [[Lazio]], [[Molise]] | nearest_city = [[Roma]] | coords_ref = | established = 1923 | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = Ministero dell'Ambiente | world_heritage_site = | area_km2 = 496.80 | url = http://www.parks.it/parco.nazionale.abruzzo/Eindex.html }} '''Taman Nasional Abruzzo, Lazio miwah Molise''' ([[Basa Italia|Italia]]: ''Parco Nazionale d'Abruzzo, Lazio e Molise'') inggih punika [[Lis taman nasional ring Italia|taman nasional Italia]] sané kaadegang duk warsa 1923. Makéhan taman puniki magenah ring wewidangan [[Abruzzo]], antuk kepahan sané alitan ring [[Lazio]] lan [[Molise]]. Prasida taler kasengguh antuk wastannyané sané dumun '''Taman Nasional Abruzzo'''. Kantor pusat taman punika magenah ring [[Pescasseroli]] ring [[Propinsi L’Aquila]]. Jimbar taman punika inggih punika {{convert|496.80|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web|title=Parco Nazionale d'Abruzzo, Lazio e Molise|url=http://www.parks.it/parco.nazionale.abruzzo/Epar.php|publisher=parks.it|date=2004–2010|access-date=2010-03-21|archive-date=2017-10-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022032730/http://www.parks.it/parco.nazionale.abruzzo/Epar.php|url-status=live}}.</ref> Puniki wantah taman sané pinih tua ring [[Gunung Apennine]], lan sané pinih tua kaping kalih ring Italia, antuk lakon sané mabuat ring palestarian spésiés sakadi [[serigala Italia]], [[Abruzzo chamois]] lan [[beruang soklat Marsika]]. Ceciren [[fauna]] sané lianan saking taman inggih punika [[kidang barak]] lan [[kidang roe]], [[celeng alas]] lan [[pelatuk tundu putih]]. Wewidangan sané kasaibin punika sawatara kalih patiga [[alas]] [[beech]], yadiastun akéh spésiés [[taru]] sané lianan mentik ring wewidangan punika, rumasuk [[birch pérak]] lan [[Pinus nigra]] lan [[pinus gunung]]. ==Cingak taler== *[[Monti della Meta]] * [[Lis marga maaspal pinih tegeh ring Éropa]] * [[Lis jalur pagunungan#Éropa|Lis jalur pagunungan]] == Pustaka == {{reflist}} == Pranala jaba == {{Commons}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.parcoabruzzo.it/|title=Official website|language=it}} {{Taman Nasional ring Itali}} {{Tengara Lazio}} {{coord|41|45|51|N|13|52|08|E|display=title|region:IT-01_type:landmark_source:dewiki}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Abruzzo}} [[Kategori:Taman Nasional ring Itali]] o7i2w5k44smhm5j43f3kz2sywrrd4gu 0 81220 277223 2026-07-18T18:42:31Z Chinamoonroll 653 Ngardi kaca madaging "{{Italic title}} {{Infobox poem | name = Ilias | image = Detail. Wooden board inscribed in ink with lines 468-473, Book I of Homer's Iliad. Roman Egypt. On display at the British Museum.jpg | image_size = 250px | caption = Papan asurat larik 468–473, buku kapertama Ilias, saking pentang waktu 400–500 Masehi, kacunduk ring Mesir, koléksi [[British Museum|Museum Inggris]] | subtitle = | author = Homer..." 277223 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Italic title}} {{Infobox poem | name = Ilias | image = Detail. Wooden board inscribed in ink with lines 468-473, Book I of Homer's Iliad. Roman Egypt. On display at the British Museum.jpg | image_size = 250px | caption = Papan asurat larik 468–473, buku kapertama Ilias, saking pentang waktu 400–500 Masehi, kacunduk ring Mesir, koléksi [[British Museum|Museum Inggris]] | subtitle = | author = [[Homeros]] | original_title = Ἰλιάς | original_title_lang = grc | translator = | written = Sawatara abad ka-8 SM | first = | illustrator = | cover_artist = | country = [[Yunani Kuna]] | language = [[Basa Yunani Homeros]] | series = | subject = | genre = [[Wiracarita|Kidung wiracarita]] | form = | metre = [[Héksaméter daktilik|Héksaméter daktilis]] | rhyme = | publisher = | publication_date = | publication_date_en = | media_type = | lines = 15.693 larik | pages = | size_weight = | isbn = | oclc = | preceded_by = | followed_by = [[Odisseia|''Odisea'']] |orig_lang_code = el |native_wikisource = Ιλιάς | wikisource = Iliad }} {{Perang Troya}} '''''Ilias''''' ({{lang-grc|Ἰλιάς|Iliás}}, artos "[puisi] épos [[Troya|Ilion]]") inggih punika silih sinunggil riantara kalih [[wiracarita]] [[Yunani Kuna]] sané kayakinin dados pakaryan pujangga [[Homeros]]. Wiracarita puniki merupakan silih sinunggil warisan karya sastra pinih tua sané kantun akéh kaseneningin jadma modérn. Pateh sekadi ''[[Odisseia]]'', wiracarita puniki kakepah manados 24 [[parwa]], lan kaanggit nuutin parikrama [[héksaméter daktilik|héksaméter daktilis]]. Soroh sané katampi umum madaging 15.693 carik. Sareng latar suasana pacang puputné [[Perang Troya]], aksi [[pangepungan]] kota [[Troya]] selami a dasawarsa sané kamargiang olih parsekutuan negara-negara kota [[Peradaban Mikenai|Yunani Mikene]], wiracarita puniki nyaritayang indik pidabdab mabuat majeng wuku-wuku pungkuran perang punika, kautamanyané indik paiyegang ageng Raja [[Agamemnon]] sareng [[Akhiles]], wirawan kasub. ''Ilias'' kanikayang dados silih sinunggil karya sastra utama ring [[siklus épik|lingkup sastra wiracarita]], lan akéh kaanggep dados karya [[sastra Éropa]] kapertama sané mabobot. Punika ''Ilias'' miwah ''Odisseia'' kasurat ring [[basa Yunani Homeros]], basa sastra bauran [[basa Yunani Ionia|basa Yunani dialék Yonia]] sareng dialék-dialék liyanan, minab ageng sawatara panguntat abad ka-8 utawi pamahbah abad ka-7 SM. Daweg [[masa Klasik]], akidik wénten jadma sané nyangsiang pinaka kakalih wiracarita punika pinaka pakarya saking pujangga Homeros, sakémanten galah puniki sarjana [[Paindikan Homeros|pada umumnyané ngadénang]] pinaka ''Ilias'' tur ''Odisseia'' nénten asil pakarya asiki jadma pujangga sané pateh, tur carita-carita sané karangkum ring sajeroning ipun pinaka pahan saking satunggil [[dresta lisan]] sané lantang. Wiracarita puniki katembangang olih para panembang puisi Homeros profésional sané kasengguh ''[[rapsoidos]]''. Pokok-pokok utama sané wénten ring wiracarita puniki riantara nyané inggih punika ''[[kleos]]'' (kemuliaan), kabanggaan, takdir, lan murka. Yadiastun sampun kasub antuk satua-satua sane tragis lan ngawinang sebet, wénten taler satua-satua bebanyolan pacang kapanggihin.<ref name=Bell>Bell, Robert H. "Homer's humor: laughter in the Iliad." hand 1 (2007): 596.</ref> Wiracarita Sering pisan kacihnayang pinaka epik maskulin utawi satua indik keberanian, utamannyane yening saihang sareng ''Odisseia''. ''Ilias'' puniki teliti nlatarang indik sanjata kuna lan taktik pertempuran, sinambi wantah nampilin makudang-kudang tokoh istri. Déwa-déwi Olimpiade taler madue lakon sane akéh ring wiracarita, ngawantu pahlawan sane kasenengin lan campur tangan ring sengketa antar pribadi. Kapribadian déwa-dewi Olimpiade punika nyelap kamanusiaang mangda prasida mapaiketan sareng pamiarsa Yunani kuna, antuk punika nyihnayang kasujatian budaya lan kapercayaan tradisionalnyané. Ring sajeroning gaya sesuratan formal, panganggénan kruna pangulangan, panganggénan paistilah simile, miwah parab sering pisan dados subjék studi ilmiah. ectbtg5wn6ow6m03v10j1ysv6eyal7c 277233 277223 2026-07-19T00:45:49Z Chinamoonroll 653 277233 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Italic title}} {{Infobox poem | name = Ilias | image = Detail. Wooden board inscribed in ink with lines 468-473, Book I of Homer's Iliad. Roman Egypt. On display at the British Museum.jpg | image_size = 250px | caption = Papan asurat larik 468–473, buku kapertama Ilias, saking pentang waktu 400–500 Masehi, kacunduk ring Mesir, koléksi [[British Museum|Museum Inggris]] | subtitle = | author = [[Homeros]] | original_title = Ἰλιάς | original_title_lang = grc | translator = | written = Sawatara abad ka-8 SM | first = | illustrator = | cover_artist = | country = [[Yunani Kuna]] | language = [[Basa Yunani Homeros]] | series = | subject = | genre = [[Wiracarita|Kidung wiracarita]] | form = | metre = [[Héksaméter daktilik|Héksaméter daktilis]] | rhyme = | publisher = | publication_date = | publication_date_en = | media_type = | lines = 15.693 larik | pages = | size_weight = | isbn = | oclc = | preceded_by = | followed_by = [[Odisseia|''Odisea'']] |orig_lang_code = el |native_wikisource = Ιλιάς | wikisource = en:Iliad }} {{Perang Troya}} '''''Ilias''''' ({{lang-grc|Ἰλιάς|Iliás}}, artos "[puisi] épos [[Troya|Ilion]]") inggih punika silih sinunggil riantara kalih [[wiracarita]] [[Yunani Kuna]] sané kayakinin dados pakaryan pujangga [[Homeros]]. Wiracarita puniki merupakan silih sinunggil warisan karya sastra pinih tua sané kantun akéh kaseneningin jadma modérn. Pateh sekadi ''[[Odisseia]]'', wiracarita puniki kakepah manados 24 [[parwa]], lan kaanggit nuutin parikrama [[héksaméter daktilik|héksaméter daktilis]]. Soroh sané katampi umum madaging 15.693 carik. Sareng latar suasana pacang puputné [[Perang Troya]], aksi [[pangepungan]] kota [[Troya]] selami a dasawarsa sané kamargiang olih parsekutuan negara-negara kota [[Peradaban Mikenai|Yunani Mikene]], wiracarita puniki nyaritayang indik pidabdab mabuat majeng wuku-wuku pungkuran perang punika, kautamanyané indik paiyegang ageng Raja [[Agamemnon]] sareng [[Akhiles]], wirawan kasub. ''Ilias'' kanikayang dados silih sinunggil karya sastra utama ring [[siklus épik|lingkup sastra wiracarita]], lan akéh kaanggep dados karya [[sastra Éropa]] kapertama sané mabobot. Punika ''Ilias'' miwah ''Odisseia'' kasurat ring [[basa Yunani Homeros]], basa sastra bauran [[basa Yunani Ionia|basa Yunani dialék Yonia]] sareng dialék-dialék liyanan, minab ageng sawatara panguntat abad ka-8 utawi pamahbah abad ka-7 SM. Daweg [[masa Klasik]], akidik wénten jadma sané nyangsiang pinaka kakalih wiracarita punika pinaka pakarya saking pujangga Homeros, sakémanten galah puniki sarjana [[Paindikan Homeros|pada umumnyané ngadénang]] pinaka ''Ilias'' tur ''Odisseia'' nénten asil pakarya asiki jadma pujangga sané pateh, tur carita-carita sané karangkum ring sajeroning ipun pinaka pahan saking satunggil [[dresta lisan]] sané lantang. Wiracarita puniki katembangang olih para panembang puisi Homeros profésional sané kasengguh ''[[rapsoidos]]''. Pokok-pokok utama sané wénten ring wiracarita puniki riantara nyané inggih punika ''[[kleos]]'' (kemuliaan), kabanggaan, takdir, lan murka. Yadiastun sampun kasub antuk satua-satua sane tragis lan ngawinang sebet, wénten taler satua-satua bebanyolan pacang kapanggihin.<ref name=Bell>Bell, Robert H. "Homer's humor: laughter in the Iliad." hand 1 (2007): 596.</ref> Wiracarita Sering pisan kacihnayang pinaka epik maskulin utawi satua indik keberanian, utamannyane yening saihang sareng ''Odisseia''. ''Ilias'' puniki teliti nlatarang indik sanjata kuna lan taktik pertempuran, sinambi wantah nampilin makudang-kudang tokoh istri. Déwa-déwi Olimpiade taler madue lakon sane akéh ring wiracarita, ngawantu pahlawan sane kasenengin lan campur tangan ring sengketa antar pribadi. Kapribadian déwa-dewi Olimpiade punika nyelap kamanusiaang mangda prasida mapaiketan sareng pamiarsa Yunani kuna, antuk punika nyihnayang kasujatian budaya lan kapercayaan tradisionalnyané. Ring sajeroning gaya sesuratan formal, panganggénan kruna pangulangan, panganggénan paistilah simile, miwah parab sering pisan dados subjék studi ilmiah. lick71zhzynzxyiiaa5kkldbtj4skc1 277244 277233 2026-07-19T10:04:42Z Angayubagia 6 277244 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Italic title}} {{Infobox poem | name = Ilias | image = Detail. Wooden board inscribed in ink with lines 468-473, Book I of Homer's Iliad. Roman Egypt. On display at the British Museum.jpg | image_size = 250px | caption = Papan asurat larik 468–473, buku kapertama Ilias, saking pentang waktu 400–500 Masehi, kacunduk ring Mesir, koléksi [[British Museum|Museum Inggris]] | subtitle = | author = [[Homeros]] | original_title = Ἰλιάς | original_title_lang = grc | translator = | written = Sawatara abad ka-8 SM | first = | illustrator = | cover_artist = | country = [[Yunani Kuna]] | language = [[Basa Yunani Homeros]] | series = | subject = | genre = [[Wiracarita|Kidung wiracarita]] | form = | metre = [[Héksaméter daktilik|Héksaméter daktilis]] | rhyme = | publisher = | publication_date = | publication_date_en = | media_type = | lines = 15.693 larik | pages = | size_weight = | isbn = | oclc = | preceded_by = | followed_by = [[Odisseia|''Odisea'']] |orig_lang_code = el |native_wikisource = Ιλιάς | wikisource = en:Iliad }} {{Perang Troya}} '''''Ilias''''' ({{lang-grc|Ἰλιάς|Iliás}}, artos "[puisi] épos [[Troya|Ilion]]") inggih punika silih sinunggil riantara kalih [[wiracarita]] [[Yunani Kuna]] sané kayakinin dados pakaryan pujangga [[Homeros]]. Wiracarita puniki merupakan silih sinunggil warisan karya sastra pinih tua sané kantun akéh kaseneningin jadma modérn. Pateh sekadi ''[[Odisseia]]'', wiracarita puniki kakepah manados 24 [[parwa]], lan kaanggit nuutin parikrama [[héksaméter daktilik|héksaméter daktilis]]. Soroh sané katampi umum madaging 15.693 carik. Sareng latar suasana pacang puputné [[Perang Troya]], aksi [[pangepungan]] kota [[Troya]] selami a dasawarsa sané kamargiang olih parsekutuan negara-negara kota [[Peradaban Mikenai|Yunani Mikene]], wiracarita puniki nyaritayang indik pidabdab mabuat majeng wuku-wuku pungkuran perang punika, kautamanyané indik paiyegang ageng Raja [[Agamemnon]] sareng [[Akhiles]], wirawan kasub. ''Ilias'' kanikayang dados silih sinunggil karya sastra utama ring [[siklus épik|lingkup sastra wiracarita]], lan akéh kaanggep dados karya [[sastra Éropa]] kapertama sané mabobot. Punika ''Ilias'' miwah ''Odisseia'' kasurat ring [[basa Yunani Homeros]], basa sastra bauran [[basa Yunani Ionia|basa Yunani dialék Yonia]] sareng dialék-dialék liyanan, minab ageng sawatara panguntat abad ka-8 utawi pamahbah abad ka-7 SM. Daweg [[masa Klasik]], akidik wénten jadma sané nyangsiang pinaka kakalih wiracarita punika pinaka pakarya saking pujangga Homeros, sakémanten galah puniki sarjana [[Paindikan Homeros|pada umumnyané ngadénang]] pinaka ''Ilias'' tur ''Odisseia'' nénten asil pakarya asiki jadma pujangga sané pateh, tur carita-carita sané karangkum ring sajeroning ipun pinaka pahan saking satunggil [[dresta lisan]] sané lantang. Wiracarita puniki katembangang olih para panembang puisi Homeros profésional sané kasengguh ''[[rapsoidos]]''. Pokok-pokok utama sané wénten ring wiracarita puniki riantara nyané inggih punika ''[[kleos]]'' (kemuliaan), kabanggaan, takdir, lan murka. Yadiastun sampun kasub antuk satua-satua sane tragis lan ngawinang sebet, wénten taler satua-satua bebanyolan pacang kapanggihin.<ref name=Bell>Bell, Robert H. "Homer's humor: laughter in the Iliad." hand 1 (2007): 596.</ref> Wiracarita Sering pisan kacihnayang pinaka epik maskulin utawi satua indik keberanian, utamannyane yening saihang sareng ''Odisseia''. ''Ilias'' puniki teliti nlatarang indik sanjata kuna lan taktik pertempuran, sinambi wantah nampilin makudang-kudang tokoh istri. Déwa-déwi Olimpiade taler madue lakon sane akéh ring wiracarita, ngawantu pahlawan sane kasenengin lan campur tangan ring sengketa antar pribadi. Kapribadian déwa-dewi Olimpiade punika nyelap kamanusiaang mangda prasida mapaiketan sareng pamiarsa Yunani kuna, antuk punika nyihnayang kasujatian budaya lan kapercayaan tradisionalnyané. Ring sajeroning gaya sesuratan formal, panganggénan kruna pangulangan, panganggénan paistilah simile, miwah parab sering pisan dados subjék studi ilmiah. == Pustaka == {{Reflist}}z jahqa2r4r0pid16cen4fyb2t4pgfcd9 0 81221 277224 2026-07-18T18:45:34Z Chinamoonroll 653 Ngardi kaca madaging "{{Short description|Puisi wiracarita sané mapaiketan sareng Homeros}} {{Italic title}} {{About|Puisi wiracarita Homer|pawigunan liyanan|Odyssey (disambiguasi))}} {{Redirect|Odisseia Homeros|épisode ''the Simpsons''|Homer's Odyssey (The Simpsons){{!}}Homer's Odyssey {{(-}}''The Simpsons'')}} {{Infobox poem | name = ''Odisseia'' | image = Fragment Odyssee 2245 2.jpg | caption = Fragmen naskah sané pinih tua sane kauningin saking ''O..." 277224 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Puisi wiracarita sané mapaiketan sareng Homeros}} {{Italic title}} {{About|Puisi wiracarita Homer|pawigunan liyanan|Odyssey (disambiguasi))}} {{Redirect|Odisseia Homeros|épisode ''the Simpsons''|Homer's Odyssey (The Simpsons){{!}}Homer's Odyssey {{(-}}''The Simpsons'')}} {{Infobox poem | name = ''Odisseia'' | image = Fragment Odyssee 2245 2.jpg | caption = Fragmen naskah sané pinih tua sane kauningin saking ''Odysseia'', sané kakaryanin ring [[Mesir Ptolemeus]] salami abad ka-3&nbsp;SM lan kacunduk ring Medinet Ghoram | subtitle = | original_title = Ὀδύσσεια | original_title_lang = el | translator = Cingak [[Alih basa Odisseia|alih basa ''Odisseia'']] utawi [[Alih basa Inggris saking Homer#Odisseia|alih basa Inggris]] | language = [[Basa Yunani Homerik]] | genre = [[Wiracarita|Épos]] | form = [[Wiracarita|Puisi épos]] | metre = [[Héksaméter daktilik|Héksaméter daktilis]] | rhyme = Tanpa | written = {{circa|abad ka-8 SM}} | written_label = Kasusun | by_label = Kakait sareng | author = [[Homeros]] | lines = 12,109 | preceded_by = [[Ilias|''Ilias'']] | wikisource = The Odyssey | orig_lang_code = el | native_wikisource = Οδύσσεια }} {{Perang Trojan}} '''''Odisseia''''' ({{lang-en|Odyssey}} {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɒ|d|ɪ|s|i}};{{Sfn|Cambridge Dictionary|2025}} {{langx|grc|Ὀδύσσεια|Odýsseia}} {{IPA|grc-x-attic|odýsseːa|}})<ref>{{LSJ|*)odu/sseia|Ὀδύσσεια|ref}}</ref> inggih punika silih sinunggil saking kalih [[puisi épos|épos]] utama saking [[sastra Yunani kuna]] sané kayakinin pakaryan saking bujangga [[Homer]]. Puniki silih sinunggil karya sastra sane pinih tua sané kantun wénten lan tetep kaloktah ring para pamiarsa modérn. Sakadi ''[[Ilias]]'', ''Odisseia'' kakepah dados 24 [[parwa]]. Puniki nginutin [[kultus pahlawan Yunani|pahlawan]] raja [[Ithaca|Ithaca Homer]], [[Odisseus]], taler kaloktah antuk varian Latin Ulysses, lan pamarginnyane mawali budal sesampun dasa warsa [[Perang Troya]]. Pamarginnyané saking [[Troy]] nuju Ithaca mamargi langkungan dasa warsa, ring galah punika ida matemu sareng akéh baya lan makasami sawitra krunyané kapademang. Ring sajeroning nénten wéntennyané Odisseus sané sampun sué, ida kaanggep sampun padem, ninggalin rabinnyané [[Penelope]] lan okanyané [[Telemachus]] mangda malomba sareng [[Pelamar Penelope|seka pelamar sané nénten becik]] sane masaing ngambil tangan Penelope ring pawiwahan. ''Odisseia'' kapertama kakaryanin ring [[basa Yunani Homeros]] sawatara abad ka-8 utawi ka-7&nbsp;SM; ring tengahing abad ka-6&nbsp;SM, sampun dados pahan saking kanon sastra Yunani. Ring [[masa kuna Klasik|masa kuna]], pangawi Homer kaanggep patut, nanging para sujana kontemporer [[Pitaken Homeros|akéhan ngasumsiang]] indik ''Ilias'' lan ''Odyssey'' kasusun manut sakadi indepénden, pinaka pahan saking [[tradisi lisan]] sané lantang. Nyelehin buta aksara sané sampun ngelimbak, puisi punika kasobyahang antuk pamiarsa olih {{translit|grc|[[aoidos]]}} utawi [[rapsoidos]]. Tema-tema utama ring wiracarita puniki ngalingkupin gagasan-gagasan indik {{translit|grc|[[nostos]]}} ({{lang|grc|νόστος}}; 'mawali', budal), pangembaraan, {{translit|grc|[[xenia (Greek)|xenia]]}} ({{lang|grc|ξενία}}; 'pasawitran tamiu'), pangujian, lan pacihna. Para sujana maosang indik prominensi narasi saking seka katentu ring sajeroning puisi, sakadi anak istri miwah budak, sané madué lakon sané agengan saking karya-karya sastra kuna tiosan. Sasaran puniki utamannyané ten biasa yening kabandingang sareng ''Ilias'', sané mapusat ring eksploitasi prajurit lan raja salami Perang Troya. ''Odisseia'' kaanggep pinaka silih sinunggil karya sane pinih mabuat saking [[kanon Kauh]]. [[Alih basa|Alih basa Inggris]] sané kapertama saking ''Odisseia'' inggih punika ring abad ka-16. Adaptasi miwah imajinasi malih terus kakaryanin ring [[#Warisan|makudang-kudang média]]. Ring warsa 2018, ritatkala ''[[BBC Culture]]'' ngamargiang jajak pendapat majeng ring para ahli ring sajebag jagat mangda prasida manggihin narasi sastra sané pinih langgeng, ''Odisseia'' magenah ring daftar sané pinih duur. g0xac89b9hiym01m2nny3qom6ym28xq 277232 277224 2026-07-19T00:45:30Z Chinamoonroll 653 277232 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Puisi wiracarita sané mapaiketan sareng Homeros}} {{Italic title}} {{About|Puisi wiracarita Homer|pawigunan liyanan|Odyssey (disambiguasi))}} {{Redirect|Odisseia Homeros|épisode ''the Simpsons''|Homer's Odyssey (The Simpsons){{!}}Homer's Odyssey {{(-}}''The Simpsons'')}} {{Infobox poem | name = ''Odisseia'' | image = Fragment Odyssee 2245 2.jpg | caption = Fragmen naskah sané pinih tua sane kauningin saking ''Odysseia'', sané kakaryanin ring [[Mesir Ptolemeus]] salami abad ka-3&nbsp;SM lan kacunduk ring Medinet Ghoram | subtitle = | original_title = Ὀδύσσεια | original_title_lang = el | translator = Cingak [[Alih basa Odisseia|alih basa ''Odisseia'']] utawi [[Alih basa Inggris saking Homer#Odisseia|alih basa Inggris]] | language = [[Basa Yunani Homerik]] | genre = [[Wiracarita|Épos]] | form = [[Wiracarita|Puisi épos]] | metre = [[Héksaméter daktilik|Héksaméter daktilis]] | rhyme = Tanpa | written = {{circa|abad ka-8 SM}} | written_label = Kasusun | by_label = Kakait sareng | author = [[Homeros]] | lines = 12,109 | preceded_by = [[Ilias|''Ilias'']] | wikisource = en:The Odyssey | orig_lang_code = el | native_wikisource = Οδύσσεια }} {{Perang Trojan}} '''''Odisseia''''' ({{lang-en|Odyssey}} {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɒ|d|ɪ|s|i}};{{Sfn|Cambridge Dictionary|2025}} {{langx|grc|Ὀδύσσεια|Odýsseia}} {{IPA|grc-x-attic|odýsseːa|}})<ref>{{LSJ|*)odu/sseia|Ὀδύσσεια|ref}}</ref> inggih punika silih sinunggil saking kalih [[puisi épos|épos]] utama saking [[sastra Yunani kuna]] sané kayakinin pakaryan saking bujangga [[Homer]]. Puniki silih sinunggil karya sastra sane pinih tua sané kantun wénten lan tetep kaloktah ring para pamiarsa modérn. Sakadi ''[[Ilias]]'', ''Odisseia'' kakepah dados 24 [[parwa]]. Puniki nginutin [[kultus pahlawan Yunani|pahlawan]] raja [[Ithaca|Ithaca Homer]], [[Odisseus]], taler kaloktah antuk varian Latin Ulysses, lan pamarginnyane mawali budal sesampun dasa warsa [[Perang Troya]]. Pamarginnyané saking [[Troy]] nuju Ithaca mamargi langkungan dasa warsa, ring galah punika ida matemu sareng akéh baya lan makasami sawitra krunyané kapademang. Ring sajeroning nénten wéntennyané Odisseus sané sampun sué, ida kaanggep sampun padem, ninggalin rabinnyané [[Penelope]] lan okanyané [[Telemachus]] mangda malomba sareng [[Pelamar Penelope|seka pelamar sané nénten becik]] sane masaing ngambil tangan Penelope ring pawiwahan. ''Odisseia'' kapertama kakaryanin ring [[basa Yunani Homeros]] sawatara abad ka-8 utawi ka-7&nbsp;SM; ring tengahing abad ka-6&nbsp;SM, sampun dados pahan saking kanon sastra Yunani. Ring [[masa kuna Klasik|masa kuna]], pangawi Homer kaanggep patut, nanging para sujana kontemporer [[Pitaken Homeros|akéhan ngasumsiang]] indik ''Ilias'' lan ''Odyssey'' kasusun manut sakadi indepénden, pinaka pahan saking [[tradisi lisan]] sané lantang. Nyelehin buta aksara sané sampun ngelimbak, puisi punika kasobyahang antuk pamiarsa olih {{translit|grc|[[aoidos]]}} utawi [[rapsoidos]]. Tema-tema utama ring wiracarita puniki ngalingkupin gagasan-gagasan indik {{translit|grc|[[nostos]]}} ({{lang|grc|νόστος}}; 'mawali', budal), pangembaraan, {{translit|grc|[[xenia (Greek)|xenia]]}} ({{lang|grc|ξενία}}; 'pasawitran tamiu'), pangujian, lan pacihna. Para sujana maosang indik prominensi narasi saking seka katentu ring sajeroning puisi, sakadi anak istri miwah budak, sané madué lakon sané agengan saking karya-karya sastra kuna tiosan. Sasaran puniki utamannyané ten biasa yening kabandingang sareng ''Ilias'', sané mapusat ring eksploitasi prajurit lan raja salami Perang Troya. ''Odisseia'' kaanggep pinaka silih sinunggil karya sane pinih mabuat saking [[kanon Kauh]]. [[Alih basa|Alih basa Inggris]] sané kapertama saking ''Odisseia'' inggih punika ring abad ka-16. Adaptasi miwah imajinasi malih terus kakaryanin ring [[#Warisan|makudang-kudang média]]. Ring warsa 2018, ritatkala ''[[BBC Culture]]'' ngamargiang jajak pendapat majeng ring para ahli ring sajebag jagat mangda prasida manggihin narasi sastra sané pinih langgeng, ''Odisseia'' magenah ring daftar sané pinih duur. 2xieg6rh3zhs7espqoclda5keuygrid 277243 277232 2026-07-19T10:04:21Z Angayubagia 6 277243 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Puisi wiracarita sané mapaiketan sareng Homeros}} {{Italic title}} {{About|Puisi wiracarita Homer|pawigunan liyanan|Odyssey (disambiguasi))}} {{Redirect|Odisseia Homeros|épisode ''the Simpsons''|Homer's Odyssey (The Simpsons){{!}}Homer's Odyssey {{(-}}''The Simpsons'')}} {{Infobox poem | name = ''Odisseia'' | image = Fragment Odyssee 2245 2.jpg | caption = Fragmen naskah sané pinih tua sane kauningin saking ''Odysseia'', sané kakaryanin ring [[Mesir Ptolemeus]] salami abad ka-3&nbsp;SM lan kacunduk ring Medinet Ghoram | subtitle = | original_title = Ὀδύσσεια | original_title_lang = el | translator = Cingak [[Alih basa Odisseia|alih basa ''Odisseia'']] utawi [[Alih basa Inggris saking Homer#Odisseia|alih basa Inggris]] | language = [[Basa Yunani Homerik]] | genre = [[Wiracarita|Épos]] | form = [[Wiracarita|Puisi épos]] | metre = [[Héksaméter daktilik|Héksaméter daktilis]] | rhyme = Tanpa | written = {{circa|abad ka-8 SM}} | written_label = Kasusun | by_label = Kakait sareng | author = [[Homeros]] | lines = 12,109 | preceded_by = [[Ilias|''Ilias'']] | wikisource = en:The Odyssey | orig_lang_code = el | native_wikisource = Οδύσσεια }} {{Perang Trojan}} '''''Odisseia''''' ({{lang-en|Odyssey}} {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɒ|d|ɪ|s|i}};{{Sfn|Cambridge Dictionary|2025}} {{langx|grc|Ὀδύσσεια|Odýsseia}} {{IPA|grc-x-attic|odýsseːa|}})<ref>{{LSJ|*)odu/sseia|Ὀδύσσεια|ref}}</ref> inggih punika silih sinunggil saking kalih [[puisi épos|épos]] utama saking [[sastra Yunani kuna]] sané kayakinin pakaryan saking bujangga [[Homer]]. Puniki silih sinunggil karya sastra sane pinih tua sané kantun wénten lan tetep kaloktah ring para pamiarsa modérn. Sakadi ''[[Ilias]]'', ''Odisseia'' kakepah dados 24 [[parwa]]. Puniki nginutin [[kultus pahlawan Yunani|pahlawan]] raja [[Ithaca|Ithaca Homer]], [[Odisseus]], taler kaloktah antuk varian Latin Ulysses, lan pamarginnyane mawali budal sesampun dasa warsa [[Perang Troya]]. Pamarginnyané saking [[Troy]] nuju Ithaca mamargi langkungan dasa warsa, ring galah punika ida matemu sareng akéh baya lan makasami sawitra krunyané kapademang. Ring sajeroning nénten wéntennyané Odisseus sané sampun sué, ida kaanggep sampun padem, ninggalin rabinnyané [[Penelope]] lan okanyané [[Telemachus]] mangda malomba sareng [[Pelamar Penelope|seka pelamar sané nénten becik]] sane masaing ngambil tangan Penelope ring pawiwahan. ''Odisseia'' kapertama kakaryanin ring [[basa Yunani Homeros]] sawatara abad ka-8 utawi ka-7&nbsp;SM; ring tengahing abad ka-6&nbsp;SM, sampun dados pahan saking kanon sastra Yunani. Ring [[masa kuna Klasik|masa kuna]], pangawi Homer kaanggep patut, nanging para sujana kontemporer [[Pitaken Homeros|akéhan ngasumsiang]] indik ''Ilias'' lan ''Odyssey'' kasusun manut sakadi indepénden, pinaka pahan saking [[tradisi lisan]] sané lantang. Nyelehin buta aksara sané sampun ngelimbak, puisi punika kasobyahang antuk pamiarsa olih {{translit|grc|[[aoidos]]}} utawi [[rapsoidos]]. Tema-tema utama ring wiracarita puniki ngalingkupin gagasan-gagasan indik {{translit|grc|[[nostos]]}} ({{lang|grc|νόστος}}; 'mawali', budal), pangembaraan, {{translit|grc|[[xenia (Greek)|xenia]]}} ({{lang|grc|ξενία}}; 'pasawitran tamiu'), pangujian, lan pacihna. Para sujana maosang indik prominensi narasi saking seka katentu ring sajeroning puisi, sakadi anak istri miwah budak, sané madué lakon sané agengan saking karya-karya sastra kuna tiosan. Sasaran puniki utamannyané ten biasa yening kabandingang sareng ''Ilias'', sané mapusat ring eksploitasi prajurit lan raja salami Perang Troya. ''Odisseia'' kaanggep pinaka silih sinunggil karya sane pinih mabuat saking [[kanon Kauh]]. [[Alih basa|Alih basa Inggris]] sané kapertama saking ''Odisseia'' inggih punika ring abad ka-16. Adaptasi miwah imajinasi malih terus kakaryanin ring [[#Warisan|makudang-kudang média]]. Ring warsa 2018, ritatkala ''[[BBC Culture]]'' ngamargiang jajak pendapat majeng ring para ahli ring sajebag jagat mangda prasida manggihin narasi sastra sané pinih langgeng, ''Odisseia'' magenah ring daftar sané pinih duur. == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} ebgnpy4rzr50t78qx5k3czscucb6btv 0 81222 277226 2026-07-19T00:29:23Z Chinamoonroll 653 Ngardi kaca madaging "{{short description|Puisi épik Latin karya Virgil}} {{Italic title}} {{distinguish|Enneads|Eneida}} {{Infobox poem |name = ''Aeneis'' |image = File:Cristoforo Majorana - Leaf from Eclogues, Georgics and Aeneid - Walters W40055R - Open Obverse.jpg |caption =Manuskrip sawatara 1470, [[Cristoforo Majorana]] |subtitle = |author = [[Virgil]] |original_title = <small>AENEIS</small> |original_title_lang..." 277226 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|Puisi épik Latin karya Virgil}} {{Italic title}} {{distinguish|Enneads|Eneida}} {{Infobox poem |name = ''Aeneis'' |image = File:Cristoforo Majorana - Leaf from Eclogues, Georgics and Aeneid - Walters W40055R - Open Obverse.jpg |caption =Manuskrip sawatara 1470, [[Cristoforo Majorana]] |subtitle = |author = [[Virgil]] |original_title = <small>AENEIS</small> |original_title_lang = la |translator = [[John Dryden]]<br />[[Henry Howard, Earl saking Surrey]]<br />[[Seamus Heaney]]<br />[[Allen Mandelbaum]]<br />[[Robert Fitzgerald]]<br />[[Robert Fagles]]<br />[[Frederick Ahl]]<br />[[Sarah Ruden]] |written =29–19 SM |first = 19 SM |country =[[Républik Romawi]], [[Kaprabonan Romawi]] |language = [[Basa Latin Klasik]] |subject = [[Siklus Épik]], [[Perang Troya]], [[Pangadegan Roma]] |genre =[[Puisi épik]] |meter = [[Héksaméter daktilis]] | publication_date = 1469 | publication_date_en = {{start date and age|1697}} |media_type =[[Manuskrip]] |lines =9,896 |preceded_by = ''[[Georgics]]'' |wikisource = Aeneid }} [[File:Aeneas' Flight from Troy by Federico Barocci.jpg|thumb|300px|''Aeneas Melaib saking Troy sané Puwun, olih [[Federico Barocci]] (1598). [[Galleria Borghese]], Roma, Italia]] [[File:Aeneae exsilia.svg|right|thumb|300px|Peta pamargi legendaris Aeneas]] '''''Aeneis''''' ({{lang-en|Aeneid}} {{IPAc-en|ᵻ|ˈ|n|iː|ɪ|d}} {{respell|ih|NEE|id}}; {{langx|la|Aeneis}} {{IPA|la|ae̯ˈneːɪs|}}) inggih punika [[Puisi epik|puisi epik]] basa Latin sané nyaritayang [[legénda]] [[Aeneas]], satunggil jadma [[Troya|Troya]] sané ngungsi santukan [[Perang Troya#Karung Troya|rusak Troya]] lan malancaran ka [[Italia]], ring dija ida dados leluhur [[Roma Kuna|Romawi]]. Kasurat olih pangawi Romawi [[Virgil]] pantaraning warsa 29 miwah 19 SM, ''Aeneid'' kawangun antuk 9.896 baris ring [[héksaméter daktil]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Gaskell |first=Philip |author-link=Philip Gaskell |date=1999 |title=Landmarks in Classical Literature |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8wx2JHE_7j0C&pg=PA161 |location=Chicago |publisher=Fitzroy Dearborn |page=161 |isbn=1-57958-192-7}}</ref> Nem buku sané kapertama saking roras bukunyane nyaritayang indik Aeneas sané nglelana saking Troya ka Italia, lan nem sane kaping untat nyaritayang indik perang sané pamuputnyané Troya menang majeng ring [[Latin (suku Italia)|Latin]], sane mawasta Aeneas lan panjak Trojannyané sané katatasang pacang kasubsumsi. Pahlawan Aeneas sampun kaloktah ring legenda lan mitos [[Yunani-Romawi]], sampun dados tokoh ring ''[[Ilias]]''. Virgil ngambil caritra sane nenten nyambung indik pengembaraan Aeneas, hubungannyané sané nénten jelas sareng aled [[Roma Kuna|Roma]], lan deskripsinyané pinaka tokoh sane nenten madue karakteristik tetep tiosan ring ''[[pietas]]'' sané teliti, lan ngawentuk ''Aeneis'' dados [[mitos pangadegan]] utawi [[épik nasional]] sané nudut kayun san3 ngiket Roma sareng legenda Troya, nlatarang [[Perang Punik]], ngagungang kautaman tradisional Romawi, lan ngalegitimasi [[dinasti Julio-Claudian]] pinaka sentana saking pendiri, pahlawan, lan déwa Romawi lan Troya. ''Aeneis'' manut sakadi linggah kaanggep pinaka mahakarya Virgil lan silih sinunggil karya sané pinih ageng saking [[sastra Latin]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2008/05/new-translation-aeneid-restores-originals-humor-meter |title=New translation of 'Aeneid' restores Virgil's wordplay and original meter |last=Aloy |first=Daniel |newspaper=Cornell Chronicle |date=22 May 2008 |access-date=5 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usu.edu/markdamen/1320anclit/chapters/11verg.htm |title=Chapter 11: Vergil and The Aeneid |last=Damen |first=Mark |date=2004 |access-date=5 December 2016}}</ref> == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} 6y7iw7xag0pcsv51vjqdtm1aqb5vlhv 277227 277226 2026-07-19T00:30:40Z Chinamoonroll 653 277227 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|Puisi épik Latin karya Virgil}} {{Italic title}} {{distinguish|Enneads|Eneida}} {{Infobox poem |name = ''Aeneis'' |image = Cristoforo Majorana - Leaf from Eclogues, Georgics and Aeneid - Walters W40055R - Open Obverse.jpg |caption =Manuskrip sawatara 1470, [[Cristoforo Majorana]] |subtitle = |author = [[Virgil]] |original_title = <small>AENEIS</small> |original_title_lang = la |translator = [[John Dryden]]<br />[[Henry Howard, Earl saking Surrey]]<br />[[Seamus Heaney]]<br />[[Allen Mandelbaum]]<br />[[Robert Fitzgerald]]<br />[[Robert Fagles]]<br />[[Frederick Ahl]]<br />[[Sarah Ruden]] |written =29–19 SM |first = 19 SM |country =[[Républik Romawi]], [[Kaprabonan Romawi]] |language = [[Basa Latin Klasik]] |subject = [[Siklus Épik]], [[Perang Troya]], [[Pangadegan Roma]] |genre =[[Puisi épik]] |meter = [[Héksaméter daktilis]] | publication_date = 1469 | publication_date_en = {{start date and age|1697}} |media_type =[[Manuskrip]] |lines =9,896 |preceded_by = ''[[Georgics]]'' |wikisource = Aeneid }} [[File:Aeneas' Flight from Troy by Federico Barocci.jpg|thumb|300px|''Aeneas Melaib saking Troy sané Puwun, olih [[Federico Barocci]] (1598). [[Galleria Borghese]], Roma, Italia]] [[File:Aeneae exsilia.svg|right|thumb|300px|Peta pamargi legendaris Aeneas]] '''''Aeneis''''' ({{lang-en|Aeneid}} {{IPAc-en|ᵻ|ˈ|n|iː|ɪ|d}} {{respell|ih|NEE|id}}; {{langx|la|Aeneis}} {{IPA|la|ae̯ˈneːɪs|}}) inggih punika [[Puisi epik|puisi epik]] basa Latin sané nyaritayang [[legénda]] [[Aeneas]], satunggil jadma [[Troya|Troya]] sané ngungsi santukan [[Perang Troya#Karung Troya|rusak Troya]] lan malancaran ka [[Italia]], ring dija ida dados leluhur [[Roma Kuna|Romawi]]. Kasurat olih pangawi Romawi [[Virgil]] pantaraning warsa 29 miwah 19 SM, ''Aeneid'' kawangun antuk 9.896 baris ring [[héksaméter daktil]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Gaskell |first=Philip |author-link=Philip Gaskell |date=1999 |title=Landmarks in Classical Literature |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8wx2JHE_7j0C&pg=PA161 |location=Chicago |publisher=Fitzroy Dearborn |page=161 |isbn=1-57958-192-7}}</ref> Nem buku sané kapertama saking roras bukunyane nyaritayang indik Aeneas sané nglelana saking Troya ka Italia, lan nem sane kaping untat nyaritayang indik perang sané pamuputnyané Troya menang majeng ring [[Latin (suku Italia)|Latin]], sane mawasta Aeneas lan panjak Trojannyané sané katatasang pacang kasubsumsi. Pahlawan Aeneas sampun kaloktah ring legenda lan mitos [[Yunani-Romawi]], sampun dados tokoh ring ''[[Ilias]]''. Virgil ngambil caritra sane nenten nyambung indik pengembaraan Aeneas, hubungannyané sané nénten jelas sareng aled [[Roma Kuna|Roma]], lan deskripsinyané pinaka tokoh sane nenten madue karakteristik tetep tiosan ring ''[[pietas]]'' sané teliti, lan ngawentuk ''Aeneis'' dados [[mitos pangadegan]] utawi [[épik nasional]] sané nudut kayun san3 ngiket Roma sareng legenda Troya, nlatarang [[Perang Punik]], ngagungang kautaman tradisional Romawi, lan ngalegitimasi [[dinasti Julio-Claudian]] pinaka sentana saking pendiri, pahlawan, lan déwa Romawi lan Troya. ''Aeneis'' manut sakadi linggah kaanggep pinaka mahakarya Virgil lan silih sinunggil karya sané pinih ageng saking [[sastra Latin]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2008/05/new-translation-aeneid-restores-originals-humor-meter |title=New translation of 'Aeneid' restores Virgil's wordplay and original meter |last=Aloy |first=Daniel |newspaper=Cornell Chronicle |date=22 May 2008 |access-date=5 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usu.edu/markdamen/1320anclit/chapters/11verg.htm |title=Chapter 11: Vergil and The Aeneid |last=Damen |first=Mark |date=2004 |access-date=5 December 2016}}</ref> == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} icj1dgz9fdv1ylmkjyp9p2st2abc3l1 277228 277227 2026-07-19T00:32:18Z Chinamoonroll 653 277228 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|Puisi épik Latin karya Virgil}} {{Italic title}} {{distinguish|Enneads|Eneida}} {{Infobox poem |name = ''Aeneis'' |image = Cristoforo Majorana - Leaf from Eclogues, Georgics and Aeneid - Walters W40055R - Open Obverse.jpg |caption =Manuskrip sawatara 1470, [[Cristoforo Majorana]] |subtitle = |author = [[Virgil]] |original_title = <small>AENEIS</small> |original_title_lang = la |translator = [[John Dryden]]<br />[[Henry Howard, Earl saking Surrey]]<br />[[Seamus Heaney]]<br />[[Allen Mandelbaum]]<br />[[Robert Fitzgerald]]<br />[[Robert Fagles]]<br />[[Frederick Ahl]]<br />[[Sarah Ruden]] |written =29–19 SM |first = 19 SM |country =[[Républik Romawi]], [[Kaprabonan Romawi]] |language = [[Basa Latin Klasik]] |subject = [[Siklus Épik]], [[Perang Troya]], [[Pangadegan Roma]] |genre =[[Puisi épik]] |meter = [[Héksaméter daktilis]] | publication_date = 1469 | publication_date_en = {{start date and age|1697}} |media_type =[[Manuskrip]] |lines =9,896 |preceded_by = ''[[Georgics]]'' |wikisource = en:Aeneis }} [[File:Aeneas' Flight from Troy by Federico Barocci.jpg|thumb|300px|''Aeneas Melaib saking Troy sané Puwun, olih [[Federico Barocci]] (1598). [[Galleria Borghese]], Roma, Italia]] [[File:Aeneae exsilia.svg|right|thumb|300px|Peta pamargi legendaris Aeneas]] '''''Aeneis''''' ({{lang-en|Aeneid}} {{IPAc-en|ᵻ|ˈ|n|iː|ɪ|d}} {{respell|ih|NEE|id}}; {{langx|la|Aeneis}} {{IPA|la|ae̯ˈneːɪs|}}) inggih punika [[Puisi epik|puisi epik]] basa Latin sané nyaritayang [[legénda]] [[Aeneas]], satunggil jadma [[Troya|Troya]] sané ngungsi santukan [[Perang Troya#Karung Troya|rusak Troya]] lan malancaran ka [[Italia]], ring dija ida dados leluhur [[Roma Kuna|Romawi]]. Kasurat olih pangawi Romawi [[Virgil]] pantaraning warsa 29 miwah 19 SM, ''Aeneid'' kawangun antuk 9.896 baris ring [[héksaméter daktil]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Gaskell |first=Philip |author-link=Philip Gaskell |date=1999 |title=Landmarks in Classical Literature |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8wx2JHE_7j0C&pg=PA161 |location=Chicago |publisher=Fitzroy Dearborn |page=161 |isbn=1-57958-192-7}}</ref> Nem buku sané kapertama saking roras bukunyane nyaritayang indik Aeneas sané nglelana saking Troya ka Italia, lan nem sane kaping untat nyaritayang indik perang sané pamuputnyané Troya menang majeng ring [[Latin (suku Italia)|Latin]], sane mawasta Aeneas lan panjak Trojannyané sané katatasang pacang kasubsumsi. Pahlawan Aeneas sampun kaloktah ring legenda lan mitos [[Yunani-Romawi]], sampun dados tokoh ring ''[[Ilias]]''. Virgil ngambil caritra sane nenten nyambung indik pengembaraan Aeneas, hubungannyané sané nénten jelas sareng aled [[Roma Kuna|Roma]], lan deskripsinyané pinaka tokoh sane nenten madue karakteristik tetep tiosan ring ''[[pietas]]'' sané teliti, lan ngawentuk ''Aeneis'' dados [[mitos pangadegan]] utawi [[épik nasional]] sané nudut kayun san3 ngiket Roma sareng legenda Troya, nlatarang [[Perang Punik]], ngagungang kautaman tradisional Romawi, lan ngalegitimasi [[dinasti Julio-Claudian]] pinaka sentana saking pendiri, pahlawan, lan déwa Romawi lan Troya. ''Aeneis'' manut sakadi linggah kaanggep pinaka mahakarya Virgil lan silih sinunggil karya sané pinih ageng saking [[sastra Latin]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2008/05/new-translation-aeneid-restores-originals-humor-meter |title=New translation of 'Aeneid' restores Virgil's wordplay and original meter |last=Aloy |first=Daniel |newspaper=Cornell Chronicle |date=22 May 2008 |access-date=5 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usu.edu/markdamen/1320anclit/chapters/11verg.htm |title=Chapter 11: Vergil and The Aeneid |last=Damen |first=Mark |date=2004 |access-date=5 December 2016}}</ref> == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} 33vf10q89laf809qskyg8diip3s237q 277229 277228 2026-07-19T00:32:52Z Chinamoonroll 653 277229 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|Puisi épik Latin karya Virgil}} {{Italic title}} {{distinguish|Enneads|Eneida}} {{Infobox poem |name = ''Aeneis'' |image = Cristoforo Majorana - Leaf from Eclogues, Georgics and Aeneid - Walters W40055R - Open Obverse.jpg |caption =Manuskrip sawatara 1470, [[Cristoforo Majorana]] |subtitle = |author = [[Virgil]] |original_title = <small>AENEIS</small> |original_title_lang = la |translator = [[John Dryden]]<br />[[Henry Howard, Earl saking Surrey]]<br />[[Seamus Heaney]]<br />[[Allen Mandelbaum]]<br />[[Robert Fitzgerald]]<br />[[Robert Fagles]]<br />[[Frederick Ahl]]<br />[[Sarah Ruden]] |written =29–19 SM |first = 19 SM |country =[[Républik Romawi]], [[Kaprabonan Romawi]] |language = [[Basa Latin Klasik]] |subject = [[Siklus Épik]], [[Perang Troya]], [[Pangadegan Roma]] |genre =[[Puisi épik]] |meter = [[Héksaméter daktilis]] | publication_date = 1469 | publication_date_en = {{start date and age|1697}} |media_type =[[Manuskrip]] |lines =9,896 |preceded_by = ''[[Georgics]]'' |wikisource = la:Aeneis }} [[File:Aeneas' Flight from Troy by Federico Barocci.jpg|thumb|300px|''Aeneas Melaib saking Troy sané Puwun, olih [[Federico Barocci]] (1598). [[Galleria Borghese]], Roma, Italia]] [[File:Aeneae exsilia.svg|right|thumb|300px|Peta pamargi legendaris Aeneas]] '''''Aeneis''''' ({{lang-en|Aeneid}} {{IPAc-en|ᵻ|ˈ|n|iː|ɪ|d}} {{respell|ih|NEE|id}}; {{langx|la|Aeneis}} {{IPA|la|ae̯ˈneːɪs|}}) inggih punika [[Puisi epik|puisi epik]] basa Latin sané nyaritayang [[legénda]] [[Aeneas]], satunggil jadma [[Troya|Troya]] sané ngungsi santukan [[Perang Troya#Karung Troya|rusak Troya]] lan malancaran ka [[Italia]], ring dija ida dados leluhur [[Roma Kuna|Romawi]]. Kasurat olih pangawi Romawi [[Virgil]] pantaraning warsa 29 miwah 19 SM, ''Aeneid'' kawangun antuk 9.896 baris ring [[héksaméter daktil]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Gaskell |first=Philip |author-link=Philip Gaskell |date=1999 |title=Landmarks in Classical Literature |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8wx2JHE_7j0C&pg=PA161 |location=Chicago |publisher=Fitzroy Dearborn |page=161 |isbn=1-57958-192-7}}</ref> Nem buku sané kapertama saking roras bukunyane nyaritayang indik Aeneas sané nglelana saking Troya ka Italia, lan nem sane kaping untat nyaritayang indik perang sané pamuputnyané Troya menang majeng ring [[Latin (suku Italia)|Latin]], sane mawasta Aeneas lan panjak Trojannyané sané katatasang pacang kasubsumsi. Pahlawan Aeneas sampun kaloktah ring legenda lan mitos [[Yunani-Romawi]], sampun dados tokoh ring ''[[Ilias]]''. Virgil ngambil caritra sane nenten nyambung indik pengembaraan Aeneas, hubungannyané sané nénten jelas sareng aled [[Roma Kuna|Roma]], lan deskripsinyané pinaka tokoh sane nenten madue karakteristik tetep tiosan ring ''[[pietas]]'' sané teliti, lan ngawentuk ''Aeneis'' dados [[mitos pangadegan]] utawi [[épik nasional]] sané nudut kayun san3 ngiket Roma sareng legenda Troya, nlatarang [[Perang Punik]], ngagungang kautaman tradisional Romawi, lan ngalegitimasi [[dinasti Julio-Claudian]] pinaka sentana saking pendiri, pahlawan, lan déwa Romawi lan Troya. ''Aeneis'' manut sakadi linggah kaanggep pinaka mahakarya Virgil lan silih sinunggil karya sané pinih ageng saking [[sastra Latin]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2008/05/new-translation-aeneid-restores-originals-humor-meter |title=New translation of 'Aeneid' restores Virgil's wordplay and original meter |last=Aloy |first=Daniel |newspaper=Cornell Chronicle |date=22 May 2008 |access-date=5 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usu.edu/markdamen/1320anclit/chapters/11verg.htm |title=Chapter 11: Vergil and The Aeneid |last=Damen |first=Mark |date=2004 |access-date=5 December 2016}}</ref> == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} dg83f6566qr9xuadk8ghktleanya7kr 0 81223 277230 2026-07-19T00:36:26Z Chinamoonroll 653 Ngardi kaca madaging "{{Infobox poem | name = ''Wiracarita Gilgamesh'' | image = British Museum Flood Tablet.jpg | image_size = | caption = Tablet [[Balabar ageng (mitologi)|Blabar ageng]] saking épos ''Gilgamesh'' ring basa [[basa Akkadia|Akkadia]] | subtitle = | author = | original_title = | original_title_lang = | translator = | written = {{circa|2100|1200}} SM {{sfn|Brandão|2020|p=23}} | first..." 277230 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox poem | name = ''Wiracarita Gilgamesh'' | image = British Museum Flood Tablet.jpg | image_size = | caption = Tablet [[Balabar ageng (mitologi)|Blabar ageng]] saking épos ''Gilgamesh'' ring basa [[basa Akkadia|Akkadia]] | subtitle = | author = | original_title = | original_title_lang = | translator = | written = {{circa|2100|1200}} SM {{sfn|Brandão|2020|p=23}} | first = | illustrator = | cover_artist = | country = [[Mesopotamia]] | language = Sujatiné [[basa Sumeria|Sumeria]], alih basa salanturné ring [[basa Akkadia|Akkadia]] | media_type = [[Tablet tanah liat]] | wikisource = Epic of Gilgamesh }} {{Mitologi Mesopotamia|expanded=5}} {{Épos Uruk|expanded=3}} '''''Wiracarita Gilgamesh''''' ({{lang-en|Epic of Gilgamesh}} {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɡ|ɪ|l|ɡ|ə|m|ɛ|ʃ}})<ref>[https://www.dictionary.com/browse/gilgamesh "Gilgamesh"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413064309/https://www.dictionary.com/browse/gilgamesh |date=13 April 2019 }}. ''[[Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary]]''.</ref> inggih punika [[puisi épos|épos]] saking [[Mesopotamia]] kuna. Babas sastra [[Gilgamesh]] kakawitin antuk limang [[basa Sumeria|Sumeria]] puisi indik Gilgamesh (soroh "Bilgames" naenin kaanggep dados wangun Sumeria sadurungnyané<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rubio |first=Gonzalo |date=January 2012 |title=Reading Sumerian Names, II: Gilgameš |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.5615/jcunestud.64.0003 |journal=Journal of Cuneiform Studies |language=en |volume=64 |issue=1 |pages=3–16,8-9 |doi=10.5615/jcunestud.64.0003 |issn=0022-0256}}</ref>), Raja [[Uruk]], makudang-kudang sane minab mawit saking [[Dinasti Ur Katiga]] ({{circa|2100 SM}}).{{Sfn|Brandão|2020|p=23}} Satua-satua indepénden puniki raris kaanggen pinaka lakaran wit antuk épos gabungan ring [[basa Akkadia|Akkadia]]. Soroh kapertama sané kantun maurip saking epik gabungan puniki, sané kaloktah pinaka soroh Babilonia Kuna, mawit saking abad ka-18 SM miwah mamurda risampuné [[incipit]], '''''Shūtur eli sharrī''''' ("Ngalintangin Makasami Raja Lianan"). Wantah akidik [[tablet tanah liat|tablet]] sane kantun wenten. Versi Standar Babilonia salanturnyane sane kasusun olih [[Sîn-lēqi-unninni]] mawit saking pantaraning abad ka-13 lan ka-10 SM lan madaging incipit '''''Sha naqba īmuru'''''{{NoteTag|Ring warsa 2008, naskah-naskah saking média sadurung soroh Standar, sampun kakawitin antuk''Sha naqba īmuru''.{{Sfn|Brandão|2020|p=23}}{{Sfn|Lins Brandão|2019|p=21}}}} ("Ida Sané Manggihin Dalem", lit. "Ida Sane Manggihin Sane Tan Kauningin"). Kirang langkung kalih patiga saking soroh 12 tablét sané langkung sué puniki sampun kapolihang. Makudang-kudang salinan sane pinih becik kapanggihin ring [[Perpustakaan Ashurbanipal|reruntuhan perpustakaan]] [[Raja Asur]] [[Asurbanipal]] abad ke-7 SM. Pahan kapertama carita puniki maosang indik Gilgamesh, raja Uruk, lan [[Enkidu]], manusa liar sane kakaryanin olih para dewata mangda ngreredang Gilgamesh saking nindes rakyatnyane. Sasampune Enkidu dados becik malarapan antuk inisiasi seksual sareng [[Shamhat]], ipun malancaran nuju Uruk, irika ida nantangin Gilgamesh antuk nguji kekuatan. Gilgamesh menang ring pacentokan punika; yadiastun asapunika, makalih dados sawitra. Ipun sareng sami ngamargiang pamargi nem rahina nuju [[Alas Cedar]] sane legendaris, irika ipun pamuputnyane ngamademang sang sane ngamong, [[Humbaba]], lan nebas kayu aras sane suci.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/classicalmedieva00jel_629 |title=Epic of Gilgamesh Classical and Medieval Literature Criticism |date=2005 |publisher=Gale |isbn=978-0-7876-8021-3 |editor-last=Krstovic |editor-first=Jelena O. |volume=74 |location=Detroit, MI |oclc=644697404 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Déwi [[Ishtar]] ngutus [[Banténg Suargan]] mangda ngukum Gilgamesh santukan nulak kemajuannyane. Gilgamesh lan Enkidu ngamademang punika, ngahina Ishtar ring prosesnyane. Para dewata mutusang pacang ngukum Enkidu mangda padem antuk ngicenin ipun gering sane ngawinang padem. Ring pahan kaping kalih epik, kasangsaran antuk sedan Enkidu ngawinang Gilgamesh ngamargiang pamargi sane dawa lan mabaya mangda prasida manggihin rahasia [[keabadian|kahuripan langgeng]]. Pamuputne, dane matemu sareng [[Utnapishtim]] lan kurenannyane, manusa sane wantah asiki sane prasida maurip [[mitos blabar Gilgamesh|blabar]] sane kapicu olih para dewa (bandingang [[Atra-Hasis|''Athra-Hasis'']]). Gilgamesh malajah saking ida indik "kahuripan, sane iraga rereh, iraga nenten lakar taen nemuang. Sawireh dugas para dewa nyiptaang manusa, ida ngebialang pati dados bagian idane, lan kauripan katahan ring tangan idane padidi".<ref name="Mesopotamia: The Good Life">{{Cite book |last=Thrower |first=James |title=The Alternative Tradition: A Study of Unbelief in the Ancient World |date=1980 |publisher=Mouton Publishers |location=The Hague, The Netherlands}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Frankfort |first=Henri |title=Before Philosophy: The Intellectual Adventure of Ancient Man, an essay on speculative thought in the ancient near East |date=1974 |publisher=Penguin |page=226 |chapter=Chapter VII: Mesopotamia: The Good Life |oclc=225040700 |orig-year=1949}}</ref> Epik puniki kabaos pinaka karya dasar ring agama miwah tradisi saga pahlawan, antuk Gilgamesh ngwangun prototipe majeng ring pahlawan salanturnyane sakadi [[Heracles]] ([[Hercules]]) miwah epik punika dados pingaruh majeng ring [[Épos Homeros]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Temple |first=Robert |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zkEOAAAAYAAJ |title=He who saw everything: a verse translation of the Epic of Gilgamesh |pages=viii–ix |date=1991 |publisher=Random Century Group Ltd |isbn=978-0-7126-4798-4 }}</ref> Puniki sampun kaalih basa ring makudang-kudang basa lan kacihnayang [[Gilgamesh ring budaya populer|ring makudang-kudang karya fiksi populer]]. == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} gq1ro1rqibsf2h9hkg5p2eba1rl6fa4 277231 277230 2026-07-19T00:37:52Z Chinamoonroll 653 277231 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox poem | name = ''Wiracarita Gilgamesh'' | image = British Museum Flood Tablet.jpg | image_size = | caption = Tablet [[Balabar ageng (mitologi)|Blabar ageng]] saking épos ''Gilgamesh'' ring basa [[basa Akkadia|Akkadia]] | subtitle = | author = | original_title = | original_title_lang = | translator = | written = {{circa|2100|1200}} SM {{sfn|Brandão|2020|p=23}} | first = | illustrator = | cover_artist = | country = [[Mesopotamia]] | language = Sujatiné [[basa Sumeria|Sumeria]], alih basa salanturné ring [[basa Akkadia|Akkadia]] | media_type = [[Tablet tanah liat]] | wikisource = en:Epic of Gilgamesh }} {{Mitologi Mesopotamia|expanded=5}} {{Épos Uruk|expanded=3}} '''''Wiracarita Gilgamesh''''' ({{lang-en|Epic of Gilgamesh}} {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɡ|ɪ|l|ɡ|ə|m|ɛ|ʃ}})<ref>[https://www.dictionary.com/browse/gilgamesh "Gilgamesh"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413064309/https://www.dictionary.com/browse/gilgamesh |date=13 April 2019 }}. ''[[Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary]]''.</ref> inggih punika [[puisi épos|épos]] saking [[Mesopotamia]] kuna. Babas sastra [[Gilgamesh]] kakawitin antuk limang [[basa Sumeria|Sumeria]] puisi indik Gilgamesh (soroh "Bilgames" naenin kaanggep dados wangun Sumeria sadurungnyané<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rubio |first=Gonzalo |date=January 2012 |title=Reading Sumerian Names, II: Gilgameš |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.5615/jcunestud.64.0003 |journal=Journal of Cuneiform Studies |language=en |volume=64 |issue=1 |pages=3–16,8-9 |doi=10.5615/jcunestud.64.0003 |issn=0022-0256}}</ref>), Raja [[Uruk]], makudang-kudang sane minab mawit saking [[Dinasti Ur Katiga]] ({{circa|2100 SM}}).{{Sfn|Brandão|2020|p=23}} Satua-satua indepénden puniki raris kaanggen pinaka lakaran wit antuk épos gabungan ring [[basa Akkadia|Akkadia]]. Soroh kapertama sané kantun maurip saking epik gabungan puniki, sané kaloktah pinaka soroh Babilonia Kuna, mawit saking abad ka-18 SM miwah mamurda risampuné [[incipit]], '''''Shūtur eli sharrī''''' ("Ngalintangin Makasami Raja Lianan"). Wantah akidik [[tablet tanah liat|tablet]] sane kantun wenten. Versi Standar Babilonia salanturnyane sane kasusun olih [[Sîn-lēqi-unninni]] mawit saking pantaraning abad ka-13 lan ka-10 SM lan madaging incipit '''''Sha naqba īmuru'''''{{NoteTag|Ring warsa 2008, naskah-naskah saking média sadurung soroh Standar, sampun kakawitin antuk''Sha naqba īmuru''.{{Sfn|Brandão|2020|p=23}}{{Sfn|Lins Brandão|2019|p=21}}}} ("Ida Sané Manggihin Dalem", lit. "Ida Sane Manggihin Sane Tan Kauningin"). Kirang langkung kalih patiga saking soroh 12 tablét sané langkung sué puniki sampun kapolihang. Makudang-kudang salinan sane pinih becik kapanggihin ring [[Perpustakaan Ashurbanipal|reruntuhan perpustakaan]] [[Raja Asur]] [[Asurbanipal]] abad ke-7 SM. Pahan kapertama carita puniki maosang indik Gilgamesh, raja Uruk, lan [[Enkidu]], manusa liar sane kakaryanin olih para dewata mangda ngreredang Gilgamesh saking nindes rakyatnyane. Sasampune Enkidu dados becik malarapan antuk inisiasi seksual sareng [[Shamhat]], ipun malancaran nuju Uruk, irika ida nantangin Gilgamesh antuk nguji kekuatan. Gilgamesh menang ring pacentokan punika; yadiastun asapunika, makalih dados sawitra. Ipun sareng sami ngamargiang pamargi nem rahina nuju [[Alas Cedar]] sane legendaris, irika ipun pamuputnyane ngamademang sang sane ngamong, [[Humbaba]], lan nebas kayu aras sane suci.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/classicalmedieva00jel_629 |title=Epic of Gilgamesh Classical and Medieval Literature Criticism |date=2005 |publisher=Gale |isbn=978-0-7876-8021-3 |editor-last=Krstovic |editor-first=Jelena O. |volume=74 |location=Detroit, MI |oclc=644697404 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Déwi [[Ishtar]] ngutus [[Banténg Suargan]] mangda ngukum Gilgamesh santukan nulak kemajuannyane. Gilgamesh lan Enkidu ngamademang punika, ngahina Ishtar ring prosesnyane. Para dewata mutusang pacang ngukum Enkidu mangda padem antuk ngicenin ipun gering sane ngawinang padem. Ring pahan kaping kalih epik, kasangsaran antuk sedan Enkidu ngawinang Gilgamesh ngamargiang pamargi sane dawa lan mabaya mangda prasida manggihin rahasia [[keabadian|kahuripan langgeng]]. Pamuputne, dane matemu sareng [[Utnapishtim]] lan kurenannyane, manusa sane wantah asiki sane prasida maurip [[mitos blabar Gilgamesh|blabar]] sane kapicu olih para dewa (bandingang [[Atra-Hasis|''Athra-Hasis'']]). Gilgamesh malajah saking ida indik "kahuripan, sane iraga rereh, iraga nenten lakar taen nemuang. Sawireh dugas para dewa nyiptaang manusa, ida ngebialang pati dados bagian idane, lan kauripan katahan ring tangan idane padidi".<ref name="Mesopotamia: The Good Life">{{Cite book |last=Thrower |first=James |title=The Alternative Tradition: A Study of Unbelief in the Ancient World |date=1980 |publisher=Mouton Publishers |location=The Hague, The Netherlands}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Frankfort |first=Henri |title=Before Philosophy: The Intellectual Adventure of Ancient Man, an essay on speculative thought in the ancient near East |date=1974 |publisher=Penguin |page=226 |chapter=Chapter VII: Mesopotamia: The Good Life |oclc=225040700 |orig-year=1949}}</ref> Epik puniki kabaos pinaka karya dasar ring agama miwah tradisi saga pahlawan, antuk Gilgamesh ngwangun prototipe majeng ring pahlawan salanturnyane sakadi [[Heracles]] ([[Hercules]]) miwah epik punika dados pingaruh majeng ring [[Épos Homeros]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Temple |first=Robert |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zkEOAAAAYAAJ |title=He who saw everything: a verse translation of the Epic of Gilgamesh |pages=viii–ix |date=1991 |publisher=Random Century Group Ltd |isbn=978-0-7126-4798-4 }}</ref> Puniki sampun kaalih basa ring makudang-kudang basa lan kacihnayang [[Gilgamesh ring budaya populer|ring makudang-kudang karya fiksi populer]]. == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} j2zgt8rvooxybq8g01belw545rrg1du 277245 277231 2026-07-19T10:04:51Z Angayubagia 6 277245 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox poem | name = ''Wiracarita Gilgamesh'' | image = British Museum Flood Tablet.jpg | image_size = | caption = Tablet [[Balabar ageng (mitologi)|Blabar ageng]] saking épos ''Gilgamesh'' ring basa [[basa Akkadia|Akkadia]] | subtitle = | author = | original_title = | original_title_lang = | translator = | written = {{circa|2100|1200}} SM {{sfn|Brandão|2020|p=23}} | first = | illustrator = | cover_artist = | country = [[Mesopotamia]] | language = Sujatiné [[basa Sumeria|Sumeria]], alih basa salanturné ring [[basa Akkadia|Akkadia]] | media_type = [[Tablet tanah liat]] | wikisource = en:Epic of Gilgamesh }} {{Mitologi Mesopotamia|expanded=5}} {{Épos Uruk|expanded=3}} '''''Wiracarita Gilgamesh''''' ({{lang-en|Epic of Gilgamesh}} {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɡ|ɪ|l|ɡ|ə|m|ɛ|ʃ}})<ref>[https://www.dictionary.com/browse/gilgamesh "Gilgamesh"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413064309/https://www.dictionary.com/browse/gilgamesh |date=13 April 2019 }}. ''[[Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary]]''.</ref> inggih punika [[puisi épos|épos]] saking [[Mesopotamia]] kuna. Babas sastra [[Gilgamesh]] kakawitin antuk limang [[basa Sumeria|Sumeria]] puisi indik Gilgamesh (soroh "Bilgames" naenin kaanggep dados wangun Sumeria sadurungnyané<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rubio |first=Gonzalo |date=January 2012 |title=Reading Sumerian Names, II: Gilgameš |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.5615/jcunestud.64.0003 |journal=Journal of Cuneiform Studies |language=en |volume=64 |issue=1 |pages=3–16,8-9 |doi=10.5615/jcunestud.64.0003 |issn=0022-0256}}</ref>), Raja [[Uruk]], makudang-kudang sane minab mawit saking [[Dinasti Ur Katiga]] ({{circa|2100 SM}}).{{Sfn|Brandão|2020|p=23}} Satua-satua indepénden puniki raris kaanggen pinaka lakaran wit antuk épos gabungan ring [[basa Akkadia|Akkadia]]. Soroh kapertama sané kantun maurip saking epik gabungan puniki, sané kaloktah pinaka soroh Babilonia Kuna, mawit saking abad ka-18 SM miwah mamurda risampuné [[incipit]], '''''Shūtur eli sharrī''''' ("Ngalintangin Makasami Raja Lianan"). Wantah akidik [[tablet tanah liat|tablet]] sane kantun wenten. Versi Standar Babilonia salanturnyane sane kasusun olih [[Sîn-lēqi-unninni]] mawit saking pantaraning abad ka-13 lan ka-10 SM lan madaging incipit '''''Sha naqba īmuru'''''{{NoteTag|Ring warsa 2008, naskah-naskah saking média sadurung soroh Standar, sampun kakawitin antuk''Sha naqba īmuru''.{{Sfn|Brandão|2020|p=23}}{{Sfn|Lins Brandão|2019|p=21}}}} ("Ida Sané Manggihin Dalem", lit. "Ida Sane Manggihin Sane Tan Kauningin"). Kirang langkung kalih patiga saking soroh 12 tablét sané langkung sué puniki sampun kapolihang. Makudang-kudang salinan sane pinih becik kapanggihin ring [[Perpustakaan Ashurbanipal|reruntuhan perpustakaan]] [[Raja Asur]] [[Asurbanipal]] abad ke-7 SM. Pahan kapertama carita puniki maosang indik Gilgamesh, raja Uruk, lan [[Enkidu]], manusa liar sane kakaryanin olih para dewata mangda ngreredang Gilgamesh saking nindes rakyatnyane. Sasampune Enkidu dados becik malarapan antuk inisiasi seksual sareng [[Shamhat]], ipun malancaran nuju Uruk, irika ida nantangin Gilgamesh antuk nguji kekuatan. Gilgamesh menang ring pacentokan punika; yadiastun asapunika, makalih dados sawitra. Ipun sareng sami ngamargiang pamargi nem rahina nuju [[Alas Cedar]] sane legendaris, irika ipun pamuputnyane ngamademang sang sane ngamong, [[Humbaba]], lan nebas kayu aras sane suci.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/classicalmedieva00jel_629 |title=Epic of Gilgamesh Classical and Medieval Literature Criticism |date=2005 |publisher=Gale |isbn=978-0-7876-8021-3 |editor-last=Krstovic |editor-first=Jelena O. |volume=74 |location=Detroit, MI |oclc=644697404 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Déwi [[Ishtar]] ngutus [[Banténg Suargan]] mangda ngukum Gilgamesh santukan nulak kemajuannyane. Gilgamesh lan Enkidu ngamademang punika, ngahina Ishtar ring prosesnyane. Para dewata mutusang pacang ngukum Enkidu mangda padem antuk ngicenin ipun gering sane ngawinang padem. Ring pahan kaping kalih epik, kasangsaran antuk sedan Enkidu ngawinang Gilgamesh ngamargiang pamargi sane dawa lan mabaya mangda prasida manggihin rahasia [[keabadian|kahuripan langgeng]]. Pamuputne, dane matemu sareng [[Utnapishtim]] lan kurenannyane, manusa sane wantah asiki sane prasida maurip [[mitos blabar Gilgamesh|blabar]] sane kapicu olih para dewa (bandingang [[Atra-Hasis|''Athra-Hasis'']]). Gilgamesh malajah saking ida indik "kahuripan, sane iraga rereh, iraga nenten lakar taen nemuang. Sawireh dugas para dewa nyiptaang manusa, ida ngebialang pati dados bagian idane, lan kauripan katahan ring tangan idane padidi".<ref name="Mesopotamia: The Good Life">{{Cite book |last=Thrower |first=James |title=The Alternative Tradition: A Study of Unbelief in the Ancient World |date=1980 |publisher=Mouton Publishers |location=The Hague, The Netherlands}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Frankfort |first=Henri |title=Before Philosophy: The Intellectual Adventure of Ancient Man, an essay on speculative thought in the ancient near East |date=1974 |publisher=Penguin |page=226 |chapter=Chapter VII: Mesopotamia: The Good Life |oclc=225040700 |orig-year=1949}}</ref> Epik puniki kabaos pinaka karya dasar ring agama miwah tradisi saga pahlawan, antuk Gilgamesh ngwangun prototipe majeng ring pahlawan salanturnyane sakadi [[Heracles]] ([[Hercules]]) miwah epik punika dados pingaruh majeng ring [[Épos Homeros]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Temple |first=Robert |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zkEOAAAAYAAJ |title=He who saw everything: a verse translation of the Epic of Gilgamesh |pages=viii–ix |date=1991 |publisher=Random Century Group Ltd |isbn=978-0-7126-4798-4 }}</ref> Puniki sampun kaalih basa ring makudang-kudang basa lan kacihnayang [[Gilgamesh ring budaya populer|ring makudang-kudang karya fiksi populer]]. == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} 19zg0j3owif0ltthq9y8eo32uf3fubt 277246 277245 2026-07-19T10:05:20Z Angayubagia 6 /* Pustaka */ 277246 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox poem | name = ''Wiracarita Gilgamesh'' | image = British Museum Flood Tablet.jpg | image_size = | caption = Tablet [[Balabar ageng (mitologi)|Blabar ageng]] saking épos ''Gilgamesh'' ring basa [[basa Akkadia|Akkadia]] | subtitle = | author = | original_title = | original_title_lang = | translator = | written = {{circa|2100|1200}} SM {{sfn|Brandão|2020|p=23}} | first = | illustrator = | cover_artist = | country = [[Mesopotamia]] | language = Sujatiné [[basa Sumeria|Sumeria]], alih basa salanturné ring [[basa Akkadia|Akkadia]] | media_type = [[Tablet tanah liat]] | wikisource = en:Epic of Gilgamesh }} {{Mitologi Mesopotamia|expanded=5}} {{Épos Uruk|expanded=3}} '''''Wiracarita Gilgamesh''''' ({{lang-en|Epic of Gilgamesh}} {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɡ|ɪ|l|ɡ|ə|m|ɛ|ʃ}})<ref>[https://www.dictionary.com/browse/gilgamesh "Gilgamesh"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413064309/https://www.dictionary.com/browse/gilgamesh |date=13 April 2019 }}. ''[[Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary]]''.</ref> inggih punika [[puisi épos|épos]] saking [[Mesopotamia]] kuna. Babas sastra [[Gilgamesh]] kakawitin antuk limang [[basa Sumeria|Sumeria]] puisi indik Gilgamesh (soroh "Bilgames" naenin kaanggep dados wangun Sumeria sadurungnyané<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rubio |first=Gonzalo |date=January 2012 |title=Reading Sumerian Names, II: Gilgameš |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.5615/jcunestud.64.0003 |journal=Journal of Cuneiform Studies |language=en |volume=64 |issue=1 |pages=3–16,8-9 |doi=10.5615/jcunestud.64.0003 |issn=0022-0256}}</ref>), Raja [[Uruk]], makudang-kudang sane minab mawit saking [[Dinasti Ur Katiga]] ({{circa|2100 SM}}).{{Sfn|Brandão|2020|p=23}} Satua-satua indepénden puniki raris kaanggen pinaka lakaran wit antuk épos gabungan ring [[basa Akkadia|Akkadia]]. Soroh kapertama sané kantun maurip saking epik gabungan puniki, sané kaloktah pinaka soroh Babilonia Kuna, mawit saking abad ka-18 SM miwah mamurda risampuné [[incipit]], '''''Shūtur eli sharrī''''' ("Ngalintangin Makasami Raja Lianan"). Wantah akidik [[tablet tanah liat|tablet]] sane kantun wenten. Versi Standar Babilonia salanturnyane sane kasusun olih [[Sîn-lēqi-unninni]] mawit saking pantaraning abad ka-13 lan ka-10 SM lan madaging incipit '''''Sha naqba īmuru'''''{{NoteTag|Ring warsa 2008, naskah-naskah saking média sadurung soroh Standar, sampun kakawitin antuk''Sha naqba īmuru''.{{Sfn|Brandão|2020|p=23}}{{Sfn|Lins Brandão|2019|p=21}}}} ("Ida Sané Manggihin Dalem", lit. "Ida Sane Manggihin Sane Tan Kauningin"). Kirang langkung kalih patiga saking soroh 12 tablét sané langkung sué puniki sampun kapolihang. Makudang-kudang salinan sane pinih becik kapanggihin ring [[Perpustakaan Ashurbanipal|reruntuhan perpustakaan]] [[Raja Asur]] [[Asurbanipal]] abad ke-7 SM. Pahan kapertama carita puniki maosang indik Gilgamesh, raja Uruk, lan [[Enkidu]], manusa liar sane kakaryanin olih para dewata mangda ngreredang Gilgamesh saking nindes rakyatnyane. Sasampune Enkidu dados becik malarapan antuk inisiasi seksual sareng [[Shamhat]], ipun malancaran nuju Uruk, irika ida nantangin Gilgamesh antuk nguji kekuatan. Gilgamesh menang ring pacentokan punika; yadiastun asapunika, makalih dados sawitra. Ipun sareng sami ngamargiang pamargi nem rahina nuju [[Alas Cedar]] sane legendaris, irika ipun pamuputnyane ngamademang sang sane ngamong, [[Humbaba]], lan nebas kayu aras sane suci.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/classicalmedieva00jel_629 |title=Epic of Gilgamesh Classical and Medieval Literature Criticism |date=2005 |publisher=Gale |isbn=978-0-7876-8021-3 |editor-last=Krstovic |editor-first=Jelena O. |volume=74 |location=Detroit, MI |oclc=644697404 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Déwi [[Ishtar]] ngutus [[Banténg Suargan]] mangda ngukum Gilgamesh santukan nulak kemajuannyane. Gilgamesh lan Enkidu ngamademang punika, ngahina Ishtar ring prosesnyane. Para dewata mutusang pacang ngukum Enkidu mangda padem antuk ngicenin ipun gering sane ngawinang padem. Ring pahan kaping kalih epik, kasangsaran antuk sedan Enkidu ngawinang Gilgamesh ngamargiang pamargi sane dawa lan mabaya mangda prasida manggihin rahasia [[keabadian|kahuripan langgeng]]. Pamuputne, dane matemu sareng [[Utnapishtim]] lan kurenannyane, manusa sane wantah asiki sane prasida maurip [[mitos blabar Gilgamesh|blabar]] sane kapicu olih para dewa (bandingang [[Atra-Hasis|''Athra-Hasis'']]). Gilgamesh malajah saking ida indik "kahuripan, sane iraga rereh, iraga nenten lakar taen nemuang. Sawireh dugas para dewa nyiptaang manusa, ida ngebialang pati dados bagian idane, lan kauripan katahan ring tangan idane padidi".<ref name="Mesopotamia: The Good Life">{{Cite book |last=Thrower |first=James |title=The Alternative Tradition: A Study of Unbelief in the Ancient World |date=1980 |publisher=Mouton Publishers |location=The Hague, The Netherlands}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Frankfort |first=Henri |title=Before Philosophy: The Intellectual Adventure of Ancient Man, an essay on speculative thought in the ancient near East |date=1974 |publisher=Penguin |page=226 |chapter=Chapter VII: Mesopotamia: The Good Life |oclc=225040700 |orig-year=1949}}</ref> Epik puniki kabaos pinaka karya dasar ring agama miwah tradisi saga pahlawan, antuk Gilgamesh ngwangun prototipe majeng ring pahlawan salanturnyane sakadi [[Heracles]] ([[Hercules]]) miwah epik punika dados pingaruh majeng ring [[Épos Homeros]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Temple |first=Robert |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zkEOAAAAYAAJ |title=He who saw everything: a verse translation of the Epic of Gilgamesh |pages=viii–ix |date=1991 |publisher=Random Century Group Ltd |isbn=978-0-7126-4798-4 }}</ref> Puniki sampun kaalih basa ring makudang-kudang basa lan kacihnayang [[Gilgamesh ring budaya populer|ring makudang-kudang karya fiksi populer]]. == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} === Cutetan === <references group="note"/> npvfgnb1v2be3gpf4u22r4frydabcma 0 81224 277234 2026-07-19T00:46:56Z Chinamoonroll 653 Ngardi kaca madaging "{{Italic title}} {{Infobox poem |name = ''Syahnamah'' |image = Brooklyn Museum - Bahram Gur and Courtiers Entertained by Barbad the Musician Page from a manuscript of the Shahnama of Firdawsi (d. 1020).jpg |image_size = <!--Custom size for image (defaults to 220px)--> |caption = [[Bahram Gur]] sinarengan para istanawan ngrasayang tembang lan maplalian gambus [[Barbad]]<br>(Naskah Syahnamah [[Museum Brooklyn]]) |subtitle = Pustaka Raja-Raja |author = Ferdowsi|Firdau..." 277234 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Italic title}} {{Infobox poem |name = ''Syahnamah'' |image = Brooklyn Museum - Bahram Gur and Courtiers Entertained by Barbad the Musician Page from a manuscript of the Shahnama of Firdawsi (d. 1020).jpg |image_size = <!--Custom size for image (defaults to 220px)--> |caption = [[Bahram Gur]] sinarengan para istanawan ngrasayang tembang lan maplalian gambus [[Barbad]]<br>(Naskah Syahnamah [[Museum Brooklyn]]) |subtitle = Pustaka Raja-Raja |author = [[Ferdowsi|Firdausi]] |original_title = {{nq|شاهنامه}} |original_title_lang = fa |translator = |written = 977–1010 Masehi |country = [[Iran]] |language = [[basa Persia|Persia Klasik]] |subject = [[Mitologi Persia]], [[babad Iran]] |genre = [[Wiracarita]] |meter = Sawilang larik madaging 22 suku kruna, gurindam-gurindam serima mametrum pateh<br>(''bahr-i mutaqarib-i mahzuf'')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/23024/1/An%20Annotated%20Micro-history%20and%20Bibliography%20of%20the%20Houghton%20Shahnama.pdf |title=History |publisher=eprints.soas.ac.uk |access-date=2020-01-25}}</ref> |publication_date = 1010 |publication_date_en = 1832 |media_type = [[Naskah]] |lines = Sawatara 50.000 larik, nganutin naskah |preceded_by = ''[[Khadainamah]]'' |wikisource = Syahnamah }} [[Berkas:Shahnama (Book of Kings) Abu'l Qasim Firdausi (935–1020).jpg|jmpl|''Syahnamah'' karya Abul Qasim Firdausi (935–1020)]] '''''Syahnamah''''' ({{lang-fa|شاهنامه}}), sané maartos ''Pustaka Raja-Raja'', inggih punika [[wiracarita]] karya [[Sastra Persia|pujangga Persia]], [[Ferdowsi|Firdausi]], sané ngawit kasurat sawatara warsa 977 lan puput duk warsa 1010 Masehi. [[Wiracarita kabangsaan]] [[Persia Raya|Iran Raya]] sané madaging sawatara nem dasa ribu bait puniki<ref name='"TIO20100513"'>{{cite web|last=Lalani|first=Farah|title=A thousand years of Firdawsi’s Shahnama is celebrated|url=http://www.theismaili.org/cms/998/A-thousand-years-of-Firdawsis-Shahnama-is-celebrated|work=The Ismaili|accessdate=24 Mei 2010|date=13 May 2010|archive-date=2013-08-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130805175227/http://www.theismaili.org/cms/998/A-thousand-years-of-Firdawsis-Shahnama-is-celebrated|dead-url=yes}}</ref> inggih punika wiracarita karya sastrawan tunggal sané pinih lantang ring jagat. Makéhan daging ''Syahnamah'' inggih punika [[mitologi Persia|mitos]] tur babad purba [[Kaprabonan Persia|kamaharajaan Persia]], ngawit saking paristiwa pangriptaan jagat ngantos [[Panaklukan Muslim ring Persia|runtuhné Persia ka tangan Muslim]] daweg abad ka-7. [[Iran]], [[Azerbaijan]], miwah [[Afganistan]], taler [[Persia Raya|negara-negara]] liyanan sané kacakupin ring jero mandala kabudayaan Persia minakadi [[Georgia]], [[Arménia]], [[Turki]], tur [[Dagestan]], sanget ngagungang wiracarita puniki. ''Syahnamah'' polih genah sané mabuat pesan ring sajeroning kabudayaan Persia, santukan kaajinin dados satunggil mahakarya sastra tur kaanggén nganutin jati raga budaya bangsa ring negara Iran, Afganistan, tur Tajikistan pungkuran mangkin.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ashraf|first=Ahmad|title=Iranian Identity iii. Medieval Islamic Period|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iranian-identity-iii-medieval-islamic-period|work=[[Encyclopædia Iranica]]|accessdate=April 2010|date=30 March 2012}}</ref> ''Syahnamah'' taler sanget mabuat olih [[Zoroastrianisme|jadma Mazdayasna]] santukan ngerangkum sajebag mata ranté babad agama ipun ngawit kawéntenannyané ngantos masa karuntuhannyané ring Iran nyarengin kamangkatan [[Karuntuhan Sassaniyah|Syah Sasani pinih untat]], punika sesampun negara ipun runtuh ka tangan Muslim. [[Berkas:Baysonghori Shahnameh 3 Faramarz son of Rostam mourns the death of his father and of his uncle Zavareh.jpg|230px|jmpl|Faramarz sedih ring sedan ajin lan pamannyané, Rustam lan Zawarih]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} izr1ligc7goqornj2gjlkhc3pjyqit6 277235 277234 2026-07-19T00:47:33Z Chinamoonroll 653 277235 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Italic title}} {{Infobox poem |name = ''Syahnamah'' |image = Brooklyn Museum - Bahram Gur and Courtiers Entertained by Barbad the Musician Page from a manuscript of the Shahnama of Firdawsi (d. 1020).jpg |image_size = <!--Custom size for image (defaults to 220px)--> |caption = [[Bahram Gur]] sinarengan para istanawan ngrasayang tembang lan maplalian gambus [[Barbad]]<br>(Naskah Syahnamah [[Museum Brooklyn]]) |subtitle = Pustaka Raja-Raja |author = [[Ferdowsi|Firdausi]] |original_title = {{nq|شاهنامه}} |original_title_lang = fa |translator = |written = 977–1010 Masehi |country = [[Iran]] |language = [[basa Persia|Persia Klasik]] |subject = [[Mitologi Persia]], [[babad Iran]] |genre = [[Wiracarita]] |meter = Sawilang larik madaging 22 suku kruna, gurindam-gurindam serima mametrum pateh<br>(''bahr-i mutaqarib-i mahzuf'')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/23024/1/An%20Annotated%20Micro-history%20and%20Bibliography%20of%20the%20Houghton%20Shahnama.pdf |title=History |publisher=eprints.soas.ac.uk |access-date=2020-01-25}}</ref> |publication_date = 1010 |publication_date_en = 1832 |media_type = [[Naskah]] |lines = Sawatara 50.000 larik, nganutin naskah |preceded_by = ''[[Khadainamah]]'' |wikisource = en:Syahnamah }} [[Berkas:Shahnama (Book of Kings) Abu'l Qasim Firdausi (935–1020).jpg|jmpl|''Syahnamah'' karya Abul Qasim Firdausi (935–1020)]] '''''Syahnamah''''' ({{lang-fa|شاهنامه}}), sané maartos ''Pustaka Raja-Raja'', inggih punika [[wiracarita]] karya [[Sastra Persia|pujangga Persia]], [[Ferdowsi|Firdausi]], sané ngawit kasurat sawatara warsa 977 lan puput duk warsa 1010 Masehi. [[Wiracarita kabangsaan]] [[Persia Raya|Iran Raya]] sané madaging sawatara nem dasa ribu bait puniki<ref name='"TIO20100513"'>{{cite web|last=Lalani|first=Farah|title=A thousand years of Firdawsi’s Shahnama is celebrated|url=http://www.theismaili.org/cms/998/A-thousand-years-of-Firdawsis-Shahnama-is-celebrated|work=The Ismaili|accessdate=24 Mei 2010|date=13 May 2010|archive-date=2013-08-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130805175227/http://www.theismaili.org/cms/998/A-thousand-years-of-Firdawsis-Shahnama-is-celebrated|dead-url=yes}}</ref> inggih punika wiracarita karya sastrawan tunggal sané pinih lantang ring jagat. Makéhan daging ''Syahnamah'' inggih punika [[mitologi Persia|mitos]] tur babad purba [[Kaprabonan Persia|kamaharajaan Persia]], ngawit saking paristiwa pangriptaan jagat ngantos [[Panaklukan Muslim ring Persia|runtuhné Persia ka tangan Muslim]] daweg abad ka-7. [[Iran]], [[Azerbaijan]], miwah [[Afganistan]], taler [[Persia Raya|negara-negara]] liyanan sané kacakupin ring jero mandala kabudayaan Persia minakadi [[Georgia]], [[Arménia]], [[Turki]], tur [[Dagestan]], sanget ngagungang wiracarita puniki. ''Syahnamah'' polih genah sané mabuat pesan ring sajeroning kabudayaan Persia, santukan kaajinin dados satunggil mahakarya sastra tur kaanggén nganutin jati raga budaya bangsa ring negara Iran, Afganistan, tur Tajikistan pungkuran mangkin.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ashraf|first=Ahmad|title=Iranian Identity iii. Medieval Islamic Period|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iranian-identity-iii-medieval-islamic-period|work=[[Encyclopædia Iranica]]|accessdate=April 2010|date=30 March 2012}}</ref> ''Syahnamah'' taler sanget mabuat olih [[Zoroastrianisme|jadma Mazdayasna]] santukan ngerangkum sajebag mata ranté babad agama ipun ngawit kawéntenannyané ngantos masa karuntuhannyané ring Iran nyarengin kamangkatan [[Karuntuhan Sassaniyah|Syah Sasani pinih untat]], punika sesampun negara ipun runtuh ka tangan Muslim. [[Berkas:Baysonghori Shahnameh 3 Faramarz son of Rostam mourns the death of his father and of his uncle Zavareh.jpg|230px|jmpl|Faramarz sedih ring sedan ajin lan pamannyané, Rustam lan Zawarih]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} gbsi1biu4hy3wuxe2abhgyfq6tzzlkz 277236 277235 2026-07-19T00:50:28Z Chinamoonroll 653 277236 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Italic title}} {{Infobox poem |name = ''Syahnamah'' |image = Brooklyn Museum - Bahram Gur and Courtiers Entertained by Barbad the Musician Page from a manuscript of the Shahnama of Firdawsi (d. 1020).jpg |image_size = <!--Custom size for image (defaults to 220px)--> |caption = [[Bahram Gur]] sinarengan para istanawan ngrasayang tembang lan maplalian gambus [[Barbad]]<br>(Naskah Syahnamah [[Museum Brooklyn]]) |subtitle = Pustaka Raja-Raja |author = [[Ferdowsi|Firdausi]] |original_title = {{nq|شاهنامه}} |original_title_lang = fa |translator = |written = 977–1010 Masehi |country = [[Iran]] |language = [[basa Persia|Persia Klasik]] |subject = [[Mitologi Persia]], [[babad Iran]] |genre = [[Wiracarita]] |meter = Sawilang larik madaging 22 suku kruna, gurindam-gurindam serima mametrum pateh<br>(''bahr-i mutaqarib-i mahzuf'')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/23024/1/An%20Annotated%20Micro-history%20and%20Bibliography%20of%20the%20Houghton%20Shahnama.pdf |title=History |publisher=eprints.soas.ac.uk |access-date=2020-01-25}}</ref> |publication_date = 1010 |publication_date_en = 1832 |media_type = [[Naskah]] |lines = Sawatara 50.000 larik, nganutin naskah |preceded_by = ''[[Khadainamah]]'' |wikisource = en:Shahnama }} [[Berkas:Shahnama (Book of Kings) Abu'l Qasim Firdausi (935–1020).jpg|jmpl|''Syahnamah'' karya Abul Qasim Firdausi (935–1020)]] '''''Syahnamah''''' ({{lang-fa|شاهنامه}}), sané maartos ''Pustaka Raja-Raja'', inggih punika [[wiracarita]] karya [[Sastra Persia|pujangga Persia]], [[Ferdowsi|Firdausi]], sané ngawit kasurat sawatara warsa 977 lan puput duk warsa 1010 Masehi. [[Wiracarita kabangsaan]] [[Persia Raya|Iran Raya]] sané madaging sawatara nem dasa ribu bait puniki<ref name='"TIO20100513"'>{{cite web|last=Lalani|first=Farah|title=A thousand years of Firdawsi’s Shahnama is celebrated|url=http://www.theismaili.org/cms/998/A-thousand-years-of-Firdawsis-Shahnama-is-celebrated|work=The Ismaili|accessdate=24 Mei 2010|date=13 May 2010|archive-date=2013-08-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130805175227/http://www.theismaili.org/cms/998/A-thousand-years-of-Firdawsis-Shahnama-is-celebrated|dead-url=yes}}</ref> inggih punika wiracarita karya sastrawan tunggal sané pinih lantang ring jagat. Makéhan daging ''Syahnamah'' inggih punika [[mitologi Persia|mitos]] tur babad purba [[Kaprabonan Persia|kamaharajaan Persia]], ngawit saking paristiwa pangriptaan jagat ngantos [[Panaklukan Muslim ring Persia|runtuhné Persia ka tangan Muslim]] daweg abad ka-7. [[Iran]], [[Azerbaijan]], miwah [[Afganistan]], taler [[Persia Raya|negara-negara]] liyanan sané kacakupin ring jero mandala kabudayaan Persia minakadi [[Georgia]], [[Arménia]], [[Turki]], tur [[Dagestan]], sanget ngagungang wiracarita puniki. ''Syahnamah'' polih genah sané mabuat pesan ring sajeroning kabudayaan Persia, santukan kaajinin dados satunggil mahakarya sastra tur kaanggén nganutin jati raga budaya bangsa ring negara Iran, Afganistan, tur Tajikistan pungkuran mangkin.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ashraf|first=Ahmad|title=Iranian Identity iii. Medieval Islamic Period|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iranian-identity-iii-medieval-islamic-period|work=[[Encyclopædia Iranica]]|accessdate=April 2010|date=30 March 2012}}</ref> ''Syahnamah'' taler sanget mabuat olih [[Zoroastrianisme|jadma Mazdayasna]] santukan ngerangkum sajebag mata ranté babad agama ipun ngawit kawéntenannyané ngantos masa karuntuhannyané ring Iran nyarengin kamangkatan [[Karuntuhan Sassaniyah|Syah Sasani pinih untat]], punika sesampun negara ipun runtuh ka tangan Muslim. [[Berkas:Baysonghori Shahnameh 3 Faramarz son of Rostam mourns the death of his father and of his uncle Zavareh.jpg|230px|jmpl|Faramarz sedih ring sedan ajin lan pamannyané, Rustam lan Zawarih]] == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} b13936qngh85394ydjeypw3lr4j1ut0 0 81225 277237 2026-07-19T00:54:52Z Chinamoonroll 653 Ngardi kaca madaging "{{about|wiracarita Beowulf|tokoh ring wiracarita punika|Beowulf (pahlawan)|pawigunan liyanan}} {{Infobox Medieval text | name = Beowulf | alternative title(s) = {{lang|ang|Bēowulf}} | image = File:Beowulf Cotton MS Vitellius A XV f. 132r.jpg | caption = Lempir kapertama saking ''Beowulf'' ring Cotton Vitellius A. xv.: {{lang|ang|HWÆT. WE GARDE / na in geardagum, þeodcyninga / þrym gefrunon...}} (Alih basa: ''Napi! [..." 277237 wikitext text/x-wiki {{about|wiracarita Beowulf|tokoh ring wiracarita punika|Beowulf (pahlawan)|pawigunan liyanan}} {{Infobox Medieval text | name = Beowulf | alternative title(s) = {{lang|ang|Bēowulf}} | image = File:Beowulf Cotton MS Vitellius A XV f. 132r.jpg | caption = Lempir kapertama saking ''Beowulf'' ring Cotton Vitellius A. xv.: {{lang|ang|HWÆT. WE GARDE / na in geardagum, þeodcyninga / þrym gefrunon...}} (Alih basa: ''Napi! [=Pirengang!] Iraga pinaka Tumbak-Da/nes, lan sadina-dina sané sampun kaentasin olih para raja / tur panguasa sané sampun miranggi...'') | author(s) = Ten kauningin | language = [[Dialek Saxon Kauh]] saking [[Basa Inggris Kuna]] | date = kaiyegang ({{c.|700–1000 M}}) | state of existence = Manuskrip sané rusak santukan katunjel duk warsa 1731 (sisian buku puwun lan makéhan suratan ring ujung buku ical) | manuscript(s) = [[Codex Nowell|Cotton Vitellius A. xv]] ({{c.| 975–1010 AD}}) | first printed edition = [[Grímur Jónsson Thorkelin|Thorkelin]] (1815) | verse form = [[Bait aliteratif]] | length = sawatara 3182 baris | genre = Wiracarita kapahlawanan | subject = Patempuran Beowulf, pahlawan asal Geat, ring masa anom tur tuané | personages = [[Beowulf (pahlawan)|Beowulf]], [[Hygelac]], [[Hrothgar]], [[Wealhtheow]], [[Hrólfr Kraki|Hrothulf]], [[Æschere]], [[Unferð|Unferth]], [[Grendel]], [[Ibu Grendel]], [[Wiglaf]], [[Hildeburh]]. }} '''''Beowulf''''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|eɪ|ə|w|ʊ|l|f|}};<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/beowulf |title=Beowulf |work=[[Collins English Dictionary]] |publisher=[[HarperCollins]] |access-date=15 December 2020}}</ref> {{lang-ang|Bēowulf}} {{IPA-ang|ˈbeːowuɫf|}}) inggih punika [[wiracarita]] ring dresta [[legenda kepahlawanan Jermanik]], sané kawangun antuk 3.182 [[baris alliteratif|baris aliteratif]]. Wiracarita puniki silih sinunggil [[karya sastra Inggris Kuna]] sané pinih mabuat tur sering kaalih basa. Pinanggal komposisi karya tetep dados subyek pabligbagan ilmiah, yadiastun kerangka galah manawi kirang langkung saking 975 ngantos 1025.{{sfn|Stanley|1981|pp=9–22}} Para ahli ngawastanin panyurat anonim saking wiracarita punika dados "Pujangga ''Beowulf''".{{sfn|Robinson|2002|p=143}} Carita ring wiracarita punika ngambil latar ungkur [[Skandinavia]] pagan daweg abad ka-6. [[Beowulf (pahlawan)|Beowulf]], kakawitin sareng carita satunggil pahlawan saking [[Geats]], rauh nuju wawengkon [[Hrothgar]], lan kalanturang sareng wéntennyané serangan majeng raja [[Danes (suku Jerman)|Danes]] sané sedek masandekan ring [[aula mead]] ring [[Heorot]] olih monster [[Grendel]]. Sesampun Beowulf ngamatiang ipun, [[ibu Grendel]] nyerang aula punika lan salanturné taler kakaonang. Sesampun kamenangan Bowulf, ida budal ka Geatland lan manados raja Geats. Séket warsa selanturné, Beowulf prasida ngaonang [[Naga (Beowulf)|naga]], sakénanten matatu akéh ring patempuran. Sesampun kapademan ipun, para panjakné ngakrémasi ragané tur ngadegang satunggil menara ring satunggil tanjung antuk ngapikélingin ida. Para ahli sampun ngapabligbagan napiké ''Beowulf'' pinaka carita dané [[komposisi fromulaik lisan|kaceritayang sacara lisan]] Puniki ngawinang interpretasi sané mabinayan: yening wiracarita punika mawit saking masa pagan sané dumunan, minab madaging unsur-unsur pagan sané kuat antuk fitur-fitur Kristén sane kawewehin salanturnyané; tungkalikane, yening kakaryanin ring masa Kristen, unsur-unsur pagan minab wantah mawiguna dados fitur hiasan kemanten. Makudang-kudang sujana taler maosang yéning epik punika madué makakalih unsur punika saking pangawit. ''Beowulf'' kasurat utamanyané ring [[dialek Saxon Kauh]] saking basa Inggris Kuna, yadiastun taler nyarengang wangun dialek sané tiosan, nyihnayang babad transmisi sané dawa lan kompleks ring makudang-kudang wawengkon ring dija makudang-kudang dialek kabaosang ring Britania. Ngantos mangkin durung wenten sumber utawi analogi sane pastika saking geguritan punika sane sampun mabukti, nanging akeh pikayunan sane sampun kaajuang. Nenten wenten sumber utawi analog sane pastika saking puisi punika prasida kabuktiang, nanging akeh saran sane sampun kakaryanin, rumasuk ''[[Grettis saga]]'' Islandia, satua Norse [[Hrolf Kraki]] lan parekannyane sane beruang-[[ngubah wangun]] le [[Bodvar Bjarki]]. satua rakyat indik Tangan miwah Anak Alit. Utsaha sané terus kamargiang anggén nyambungan ''Beowulf'' nuju carita saking ''[[Odusseia]]'' [[Homeros]] utawi ''[[Aeneis]]'' [[Virgil]]. Langkung pastika inggih punika paralel Alkitab, antuk kiasan sané jelas ring buku-buku [[Kitab Kejadian|Kejadian]], [[Kitab Keluaran|Keluaran]], lan [[Kitab Daniel|Daniel]]. Manuskrip sané selamat ngantos mangkin saking wiracarita punika wantah wénten ring [[Codex Nowell]]. Ring pamahbahmé, wiracarita punika nénten madué murda, sakémanten salanturné kawastanin manut majeng wastan tokoh protagonis.{{sfn|Robinson|2002|p=143}} Ring 1731, manuskrip punika polih karusakan santukan api sané nguluh wawidangan [[Umah Ashburnham]] ring London, sané manados genah panyimpenan koléksi manuskrip abad patengahan padruén [[Sir Robert Cotton, Baronet ka-1, saking Connington|Sir Robert Cotton]]. Manuskrip punjka selamet, sakémanten sisiané puwun tur makudang suratan ical.{{sfn|Mitchell|Robinson|1998|p=[https://books.google.com/?id=uujn741w2Y4C&pg=PA6 6]}} Sesampun paindikan punika, Codex Nowel kasimpen ring [[Perpustakaan Inggris]]. Puisi punika kapertama [[Edwin Morgan (pujangga)|Edwin Morgan]], [[Burton Raffel]], [[Michael J. Alexander]], [[Roy Liuzza]], tur [[Seamus Heaney]] inggih punika sané pinih kasub. Meweh sane wenten ring sajeroning [[proses alih basa Beowulf|pangalih basa ''Beowulf'']] sampun katilik olih [[J. R. R. Tolkien]] (ring esainé mamurda "[[On Translating Beowulf|On Translating ''Beowulf'']]"), apisanan ngaryanin [[Beowulf: A Translation and Commentary|alih basa prosa]]nyané ngaraga. == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} 0z9qo81h9mq48s0wz2d1xeie223sjv1 277238 277237 2026-07-19T00:57:17Z Chinamoonroll 653 277238 wikitext text/x-wiki {{about|wiracarita Beowulf|tokoh ring wiracarita punika|Beowulf (pahlawan)|pawigunan liyanan}} {{Infobox Medieval text | name = Beowulf | alternative title(s) = {{lang|ang|Bēowulf}} | image = File:Beowulf Cotton MS Vitellius A XV f. 132r.jpg | caption = Lempir kapertama saking ''Beowulf'' ring Cotton Vitellius A. xv.: {{lang|ang|HWÆT. WE GARDE / na in geardagum, þeodcyninga / þrym gefrunon...}} (Alih basa: ''Napi! [=Pirengang!] Iraga pinaka Tumbak-Da/nes, lan sadina-dina sané sampun kaentasin olih para raja / tur panguasa sané sampun miranggi...'') | author(s) = Ten kauningin | language = [[Dialek Saxon Kauh]] saking [[Basa Inggris Kuna]] | date = kaiyegang ({{c.|700–1000 M}}) | state of existence = Manuskrip sané rusak santukan katunjel duk warsa 1731 (sisian buku puwun lan makéhan suratan ring ujung buku ical) | manuscript(s) = [[Codex Nowell|Cotton Vitellius A. xv]] ({{c.| 975–1010 AD}}) | first printed edition = [[Grímur Jónsson Thorkelin|Thorkelin]] (1815) | verse form = [[Bait aliteratif]] | length = sawatara 3182 baris | genre = Wiracarita kapahlawanan | subject = Patempuran Beowulf, pahlawan asal Geat, ring masa anom tur tuané | personages = [[Beowulf (pahlawan)|Beowulf]], [[Hygelac]], [[Hrothgar]], [[Wealhtheow]], [[Hrólfr Kraki|Hrothulf]], [[Æschere]], [[Unferð|Unferth]], [[Grendel]], [[Ibu Grendel]], [[Wiglaf]], [[Hildeburh]]. }} '''''Beowulf''''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|eɪ|ə|w|ʊ|l|f|}};<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/beowulf |title=Beowulf |work=[[Collins English Dictionary]] |publisher=[[HarperCollins]] |access-date=15 December 2020}}</ref> {{lang-ang|Bēowulf}} {{IPA-ang|ˈbeːowuɫf|}}) inggih punika [[wiracarita]] ring dresta [[legenda kepahlawanan Jermanik]], sané kawangun antuk 3.182 [[baris alliteratif|baris aliteratif]]. Wiracarita puniki silih sinunggil [[karya sastra Inggris Kuna]] sané pinih mabuat tur sering kaalih basa. Pinanggal komposisi karya tetep dados subyek pabligbagan ilmiah, yadiastun kerangka galah manawi kirang langkung saking 975 ngantos 1025.{{sfn|Stanley|1981|pp=9–22}} Para ahli ngawastanin panyurat anonim saking wiracarita punika dados "Pujangga ''Beowulf''".{{sfn|Robinson|2002|p=143}} Carita ring wiracarita punika ngambil latar ungkur [[Skandinavia]] pagan daweg abad ka-6. [[Beowulf (pahlawan)|Beowulf]], kakawitin sareng carita satunggil pahlawan saking [[Geats]], rauh nuju wawengkon [[Hrothgar]], lan kalanturang sareng wéntennyané serangan majeng raja [[Danes (suku Jerman)|Danes]] sané sedek masandekan ring [[aula mead]] ring [[Heorot]] olih monster [[Grendel]]. Sesampun Beowulf ngamatiang ipun, [[ibu Grendel]] nyerang aula punika lan salanturné taler kakaonang. Sesampun kamenangan Bowulf, ida budal ka Geatland lan manados raja Geats. Séket warsa selanturné, Beowulf prasida ngaonang [[Naga (Beowulf)|naga]], sakénanten matatu akéh ring patempuran. Sesampun kapademan ipun, para panjakné ngakrémasi ragané tur ngadegang satunggil menara ring satunggil tanjung antuk ngapikélingin ida. Para ahli sampun ngapabligbagan napiké ''Beowulf'' pinaka carita dané [[komposisi fromulaik lisan|kaceritayang sacara lisan]] Puniki ngawinang interpretasi sané mabinayan: yening wiracarita punika mawit saking masa pagan sané dumunan, minab madaging unsur-unsur pagan sané kuat antuk fitur-fitur Kristén sane kawewehin salanturnyané; tungkalikane, yening kakaryanin ring masa Kristen, unsur-unsur pagan minab wantah mawiguna dados fitur hiasan kemanten. Makudang-kudang sujana taler maosang yéning epik punika madué makakalih unsur punika saking pangawit. ''Beowulf'' kasurat utamanyané ring [[dialek Saxon Kauh]] saking basa Inggris Kuna, yadiastun taler nyarengang wangun dialek sané tiosan, nyihnayang babad transmisi sané dawa lan kompleks ring makudang-kudang wawengkon ring dija makudang-kudang dialek kabaosang ring Britania. Ngantos mangkin durung wenten sumber utawi analogi sane pastika saking geguritan punika sane sampun mabukti, nanging akeh pikayunan sane sampun kaajuang. Nenten wenten sumber utawi analog sane pastika saking puisi punika prasida kabuktiang, nanging akeh saran sane sampun kakaryanin, rumasuk ''[[Grettis saga]]'' Islandia, satua Norse [[Hrolf Kraki]] lan parekannyane sane beruang-[[ngubah wangun]] le [[Bodvar Bjarki]]. satua rakyat indik Tangan miwah Anak Alit. Utsaha sané terus kamargiang anggén nyambungan ''Beowulf'' nuju carita saking ''[[Odisseia]]'' [[Homeros]] utawi ''[[Aeneis]]'' [[Virgil]]. Langkung pastika inggih punika paralel Alkitab, antuk kiasan sané jelas ring buku-buku [[Kitab Kejadian|Kejadian]], [[Kitab Keluaran|Keluaran]], lan [[Kitab Daniel|Daniel]]. Manuskrip sané selamat ngantos mangkin saking wiracarita punika wantah wénten ring [[Codex Nowell]]. Ring pamahbahmé, wiracarita punika nénten madué murda, sakémanten salanturné kawastanin manut majeng wastan tokoh protagonis.{{sfn|Robinson|2002|p=143}} Ring 1731, manuskrip punika polih karusakan santukan api sané nguluh wawidangan [[Umah Ashburnham]] ring London, sané manados genah panyimpenan koléksi manuskrip abad patengahan padruén [[Sir Robert Cotton, Baronet ka-1, saking Connington|Sir Robert Cotton]]. Manuskrip punjka selamet, sakémanten sisiané puwun tur makudang suratan ical.{{sfn|Mitchell|Robinson|1998|p=[https://books.google.com/?id=uujn741w2Y4C&pg=PA6 6]}} Sesampun paindikan punika, Codex Nowel kasimpen ring [[Perpustakaan Inggris]]. Puisi punika kapertama [[Edwin Morgan (pujangga)|Edwin Morgan]], [[Burton Raffel]], [[Michael J. Alexander]], [[Roy Liuzza]], tur [[Seamus Heaney]] inggih punika sané pinih kasub. Meweh sane wenten ring sajeroning [[proses alih basa Beowulf|pangalih basa ''Beowulf'']] sampun katilik olih [[J. R. R. Tolkien]] (ring esainé mamurda "[[On Translating Beowulf|On Translating ''Beowulf'']]"), apisanan ngaryanin [[Beowulf: A Translation and Commentary|alih basa prosa]]nyané ngaraga. == Pustaka == {{Reflist}} qfm2e3pa3j9yv5anpz7xx19dl8det68 10 81226 277241 2026-07-19T09:58:14Z Angayubagia 6 Ngardi kaca madaging "{{ infobox | bodyclass = vcard vevent; | bodystyle = text-align:left; font-size: 88%; <!----------Name----------> | above = {{{name}}} | aboveclass = fn summary | abovestyle = text-align:center; font-size:125%; | subheader = {{{alternative title(s)|}}} | datastyle = text-align:left <!----------Image----------> | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{{width|}}}|sizedefault=250px}} | caption = {{{caption|}}} <!---------..." 277241 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ infobox | bodyclass = vcard vevent; | bodystyle = text-align:left; font-size: 88%; <!----------Name----------> | above = {{{name}}} | aboveclass = fn summary | abovestyle = text-align:center; font-size:125%; | subheader = {{{alternative title(s)|}}} | datastyle = text-align:left <!----------Image----------> | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{{width|}}}|sizedefault=250px}} | caption = {{{caption|}}} <!----------Information----------> | label1 = Judul | data1 = {{{full title|}}} | label2 = Juga dikenal sebagai | data2 = {{{also known as|}}} | label3 = Pengarang | data3 = {{{author(s)|}}} | label4 = Diatribusikan kepada | data4 = {{{ascribed to|}}} | label5 = Dihimpun oleh | data5 = {{{compiled by|}}} | label6 = Diilustrasikan oleh | data6 = {{{illustrated by|}}} | label7 = Penyokong karya | data7 = {{{patron|}}} | label8 = Didedikasikan kepada | data8 = {{{dedicated to|}}} | label9 = Ditujukan kepada | data9 = {{{audience|}}} | label10 = Bahasa | data10 = {{{language|}}} | label11 = Tanggal | data11 = {{{date|}}} | label12 = Tanggal pengedaran | data12 = {{{date of issue|}}} | label13 = Asal | data13 = {{{provenance|}}} | label14 = Keadaan | data14 = {{{state of existence|}}} | label15 = Autentisitas | data15 = {{{authenticity|}}} | label16 = Seri | data16 = {{{series|}}} | label17 = {{nowrap|Naskah}} | data17 = {{{manuscript(s)|}}} | data18 = {{{MS class 1|}}} | data19 = {{{MS class 2|}}} | data20 = {{{MS class 3|}}} | data21 = {{{MS class 4|}}} | data22 = {{{MS class 5|}}} | data23 = {{{MS class 6|}}} | data24 = {{{MS class 7|}}} | data25 = {{{MS class 8|}}} | data26 = {{{MS class 9|}}} | data27 = {{{MS class 10|}}} | label28 = Naskah utami | data28 = {{{principal manuscript(s)|}}} | label29 = Edisi cetak kapertama | data29 = {{{first printed edition|}}} <!----------Form and content----------> | label30 = Soroh | data30 = {{{genre|}}} | label31 = Wentuk bait | data31 = {{{verse form|}}} | label32 = Lantang | data32 = {{{length|}}} | label33 = Ilustrasi | data33 = {{{Illustration(s)|}}} | label34 = Subjek | data34 = {{{subject|}}} | label35 = Latar | data35 = {{{setting|}}} | label36 = Galah | data36 = {{{period covered|}}} | label37 = Tokoh | data37 = {{{personages|}}} | data38 = {{{personages (long list)|}}} | label39 = Wit | data39 = {{{sources|}}} | below = {{{below|}}} }}<noinclude>{{Dokuméntasi}}<!-- Please add metadata to the <includeonly> section at the bottom of the /doc subpage --></noinclude> qa2qznxik91mq0mwzk5pxu4y4jmtvw5 277242 277241 2026-07-19T10:01:28Z Angayubagia 6 277242 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ infobox | bodyclass = vcard vevent; | bodystyle = text-align:left; font-size: 88%; | bodystyle = box-shadow: rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3) 0px 1px 2px 0px, rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15) 0px 2px 6px 2px; border-radius: 10px; width: 23em; line-height:1.2 <!----------Name----------> | titlestyle = align: center | headerstyle = text-align:center | subheaderclass = ib-background | aboveclass = fn summary | abovestyle = text-align:center; font-size:125%; | subheader = {{{location|}}} | datastyle = text-align:left <!----------Name----------> | above = {{{name}}} | aboveclass = fn summary | abovestyle = text-align:center; font-size:125%; | subheader = {{{alternative title(s)|}}} | datastyle = text-align:left <!----------Image----------> | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{{width|}}}|sizedefault=250px}} | caption = {{{caption|}}} <!----------Information----------> | label1 = Judul | data1 = {{{full title|}}} | label2 = Juga dikenal sebagai | data2 = {{{also known as|}}} | label3 = Pengarang | data3 = {{{author(s)|}}} | label4 = Diatribusikan kepada | data4 = {{{ascribed to|}}} | label5 = Dihimpun oleh | data5 = {{{compiled by|}}} | label6 = Diilustrasikan oleh | data6 = {{{illustrated by|}}} | label7 = Penyokong karya | data7 = {{{patron|}}} | label8 = Didedikasikan kepada | data8 = {{{dedicated to|}}} | label9 = Ditujukan kepada | data9 = {{{audience|}}} | label10 = Bahasa | data10 = {{{language|}}} | label11 = Tanggal | data11 = {{{date|}}} | label12 = Tanggal pengedaran | data12 = {{{date of issue|}}} | label13 = Asal | data13 = {{{provenance|}}} | label14 = Keadaan | data14 = {{{state of existence|}}} | label15 = Autentisitas | data15 = {{{authenticity|}}} | label16 = Seri | data16 = {{{series|}}} | label17 = {{nowrap|Naskah}} | data17 = {{{manuscript(s)|}}} | data18 = {{{MS class 1|}}} | data19 = {{{MS class 2|}}} | data20 = {{{MS class 3|}}} | data21 = {{{MS class 4|}}} | data22 = {{{MS class 5|}}} | data23 = {{{MS class 6|}}} | data24 = {{{MS class 7|}}} | data25 = {{{MS class 8|}}} | data26 = {{{MS class 9|}}} | data27 = {{{MS class 10|}}} | label28 = Naskah utami | data28 = {{{principal manuscript(s)|}}} | label29 = Edisi cetak kapertama | data29 = {{{first printed edition|}}} <!----------Form and content----------> | label30 = Soroh | data30 = {{{genre|}}} | label31 = Wentuk bait | data31 = {{{verse form|}}} | label32 = Lantang | data32 = {{{length|}}} | label33 = Ilustrasi | data33 = {{{Illustration(s)|}}} | label34 = Subjek | data34 = {{{subject|}}} | label35 = Latar | data35 = {{{setting|}}} | label36 = Galah | data36 = {{{period covered|}}} | label37 = Tokoh | data37 = {{{personages|}}} | data38 = {{{personages (long list)|}}} | label39 = Wit | data39 = {{{sources|}}} | below = {{{below|}}} }}<noinclude>{{Dokuméntasi}}<!-- Please add metadata to the <includeonly> section at the bottom of the /doc subpage --></noinclude> mgtn2fokfus5dhki4pekmymc6zgeyok 3 81227 277248 2026-07-19T10:34:13Z Neriah 3365 Neriah ngingsirang kaca [[Pabligbagan Sang Anganggé:أيوب]] nuju [[Pabligbagan Sang Anganggé:جيمي]]: Secara otomatis memindahkan halaman ketika mengganti nama pengguna "[[Special:CentralAuth/أيوب|أيوب]]" menjadi "[[Special:CentralAuth/جيمي|جيمي]]" 277248 wikitext text/x-wiki #ALIH [[Pabligbagan Sang Anganggé:جيمي]] 1hhj59a99rvncj8syiip4bxb2luv3tl