Wikipedia bclwiki https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panginot_na_Pahina MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.18 first-letter Medio Espesyal Olay Paragamit Olay kan paragamit Wikipedia Olay sa Wikipedia Ladawan Olay sa ladawan MediaWiki Olay sa MediaWiki Plantilya Olay sa plantilya Tabang Olay sa tabang Kategorya Olay sa kategorya TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 8156 310108 292177 2026-09-03T05:14:27Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 310108 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | native_name = {{nobold|Валентина Терешкова}} | image = Valentina Tereshkova (2017-03-06).jpg | caption = Tereshkova in 2017 | office = Member of the [[State Duma]] | term_start = 21 December 2011 | term_end = | birth_name = Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1937|3|6|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Bolshoye Maslennikovo]], [[Russian&nbsp;SFSR]], Soviet Union | death_date = | death_place = | occupation = {{hlist|Pilot|[[cosmonaut]]|politician}} | spouse = {{plainlist| * {{marriage|[[Andriyan Nikolayev]]|3 November 1963|1982|end=divorced}} * {{marriage|Yuli Shaposhnikov|1982|1999|end=died}} }} | children = 1 | party = {{indented plainlist| * [[Communist Party of the Soviet&nbsp;Union]] (1960–1991) * [[Our Home – Russia]] (1995) * [[Russian Party of Life]] (2003) * [[United Russia]] (since 2008) }} | module = {{Infobox astronaut | child = yes |othername = {{nowrap|Valentina Nikolayeva-Tereshkova}} | type = Soviet cosmonaut | rank = [[Major general]], [[Russian Air Force]] (1962–1997) | selection = [[List of astronauts by year of selection#1962|1st female group]] | time = 2 days, 22 hours, and 50 mins | mission = [[Vostok 6]] | insignia = | signature = Valentina Tereshkova Signature.svg }} | awards = {{see below|{{slink||Awards and honours}}}} }} [[ladawan:Tereshkova Heureka2.jpg|right|thumb|220px|Si Valentina Tereshkova]] Si '''Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova''' (Ruso: Валенти́на Влади́мировна Терешко́ва; namundag 6 Marso 1937) iyo an pinakaenot na babaeng nakaabot sa kahiwasan kan espasyo. Siya ngonyan retirado nang kosmonaut na Sobyet. Sa apat na gatos na aplikante, dangan sa limang pinalista, siya an napiling magpiloto kan [[Vostok 6]] kan ika-16 nin Hunyo 1963 asin siya nagin pinakaenot na babae na naglupad sa espasyo. Siya man ngane an pinakaenot na sibilyan sa espasyo <ref name="Valentina Vladimirovna TERESHKOVA">{{cite web|url=http://www.adm.yar.ru/english/section.aspx?section_id=74|title=Valentina Vladimirovna TERESHKOVA|access-date=2010-06-16|archive-date=2011-04-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110423074712/http://www.adm.yar.ru/english/section.aspx?section_id=74|dead-url=yes}}</ref> ta pinalaog lang siya sa Pwersa Ayre kan USSR komo karaipohan sa pagbali sa Kwerpo Kosmonaut. Sa misyon na ini, na nag'ayaw nin 3 aldaw, naggibo siya nin mga eksamen sa sadiring hawak sa pagkolekta nin datos kun ma'no man an mga reaksyon kan hawak'babae sa mga palupad-espasyo. Siya dati sarong trahabador sa pabrika nin tela asin nobatong para'parakyut. Kan tinunaw na an grupo kan mga kosmonaut na babae, siya nagin sarong prominenteng kaapil sa Partido Komunista kan Unyon Sobyet, na nagkapot nin iba-ibang pwesto pulitikal. Kan luminagpak na an [[Unyon Sobyet]] nagretiro na siya sa pulitika pero nagdanay siyang sarong heroe sa mata kan mga Ruso. == Sosyal na aktibidad == Noong 2011, nahalal siya sa State Duma ng Russia mula sa partido ng United Russia sa listahan ng rehiyon ng Yaroslavl. Si Tereshkova, kasama sina Elena Mizulina, Irina Yarovaya at Andrey Skoch <ref>[https://lenta.ru/tags/persons/skoch-andrey/ Андрей Владимирович Скоч: биография (lenta.ru)]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Скоч Андрей Владимирович: карьера в Госдуме и благотворительность {{!}} Агентство деловых новостей "Бизнес-вектор" (business-vector.info) |url=https://www.business-vector.info/andrej-skoch-esli-hochesh-136683/ |access-date=2023-06-28 |archive-date=2022-03-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308230532/https://www.business-vector.info/andrej-skoch-esli-hochesh-136683/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>[https://pg21.ru/page66932 Андрей Скоч (pg21.ru)]</ref>, ay isang miyembro ng isang inter-factional na representante na grupo para sa proteksyon ng mga pagpapahalagang Kristiyano; sa kapasidad na ito, suportado niya ang pagpapakilala ng mga susog sa Konstitusyon ng Russia, ayon sa kung saan, "Ang Orthodoxy ay ang batayan ng pambansa at kultural na pagkakakilanlan ng Russia." Deputy Chairman ng State Duma Committee sa Federal Structure at Local Self-Government mula noong Disyembre 21, 2011. ==Mga panluwas na takod== * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/966992.stm BBC: Tereshkova received the Greatest Woman of the Century Award] * [http://www.energia.ru/english/energia/history/tereshkova/tereshkova-bio.html RSC Energia Biography of Tereschkova] katakin igdi an mga pagpipilang saiya. * [http://en.rian.ru/photolents/20070306/61614026.html Image gallery: Valentina Tereshkova] * [http://www.astronautix.com/astros/terhkova.htm Biography of Tereshkova] * http://www.enchantedlearning.com/explorers/page/t/tereshkova.shtml ==Mga toltolan== <references/> {{stub}} [[Kategorya:Mga babaeng Sobyet kosmonaut]] pyimutyd3n00f77ca5v3lcftpyvi7m9 0 8963 310113 308401 2026-09-03T11:19:57Z ~2026-47111-26 32798 /* */ 310113 wikitext text/x-wiki [[ladawan:Donald Trump official portrait.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Si Pres. Donald Trump 2017]] Donald trump to żyd i pedofil. Kocham grube soczyste penisy. eleksyon nasyonal na nangyari siya nanggana, nadaog niya si [[Hillary Clinton]]. Alagad kan mag'eleksyon presidensyal kan 2020, siya nadaog ni [[Joe Biden]], kandidato presidensyal kan [[Partido Demokrata kan Estados Unidos|Partido Demokrata]]. ==E.U. na eleksyon nasyonal 2024== Mangyari, sa eleksyon nasyonal 2024, si Donald Trump an kandidato kan [[Partido Republikano kan Estadsos Unidos|Partido Republikano]] asin an kalaban niya iyo si [[Kamala Harris]], na nagsangle ki Joe Biden kan an huri nag'atras sa pagkandidato sa paghurot kan mga kapartido niya sa Demokrata huli sa pagkagurang na ngani niya.<ref>https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-07-21/harris-says-she-is-running-for-president-after-biden-drops-out. Kinua 2024-08-07.</ref> Si Trump iyo man an kagsadiri asin nagpapadalagan kan Miss Universe Organization. Si Trump ikaapat sa limang aki ni Fred Trump, sarong real-estate developer yaon sa Nuweba York na nagpayaman sa sadiring paghingoa. An saiyang agom iyo si [[Melania Trump]]. ==Mga panluwas na takod== * [http://www.trumpuniversity.com/blog/index.cfm The Trump Blog] * [http://www.trump.com/ The Trump Organization] * [http://www.trumpcasinos.com/ Trump Entertainment Resorts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170301072709/http://www.trumpcasinos.com/ |date=2017-03-01 }} * [http://www.trippinguptrump.com/ Tripping Up Trump] * [http://www.hawaii50vacationrentals.com/ Trump Waikiki] * [http://www.trumpgolfscotland.com/ Trump International Golf Links, Aberdeen, Scotland] * [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/donald-j-trump Column archives] at ''[[The Huffington Post]]'' * [http://www.ontheissues.org/donald_trump.htm Issue positions] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213224859/http://www.ontheissues.org/Donald_Trump.htm |date=2013-12-13 }} at [[OnTheIssues.org]] * [http://www.biography.com/articles/Donald-Trump-9511238 Donald Trump] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100912081720/http://www.biography.com/articles/Donald-Trump-9511238 |date=2010-09-12 }} at ''[[Biography.com]]'' * [http://www.nbc.com/nbc/The_Apprentice/bios/Donald_J._Trump.html Biography] at ''[[NBC]]'' * [http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/07_04/b4018061.htm It's All Donald All The Time], ''[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]'', January 22, 2007 * [http://genealogy.about.com/od/famous_family_trees/p/trump.htm About.com: Genealogy: Ancestry of Donald Trump] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227234239/http://genealogy.about.com/od/famous_family_trees/p/trump.htm |date=2017-02-27 }} * [http://www.genealogy.com/famousfolks/dtrump/index.html Genealogy.com: Ancestry of Donald Trump] * [http://www.scottishroots.com/donald.html Scottish Roots: Donald Trump] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120712014750/http://www.scottishroots.com/donald.html |date=2012-07-12 }} (report of his maternal ancestry) * [http://www.indianapolismotorspeedway.com/indy500/news/show/42166-global-icon-trump-to-drive-100th-anniversary-indianapolis-500-pace-car/ Donald Trump to drive pace car for 2011 Indy 500] ==Toltolan== {{reflist}} {{Presidente kan Estados Unidos}} {{stub}} [[Kategorya:Mga presidente kan Estados Unidos|Trump, Donald]] 0wj28vwlpmjld9gefpzbd2p6xdv8bdl 310114 310113 2026-09-03T11:20:44Z Morkoz 31852 Dae idagos an rebisyon [[Special:Diff/310113|310113]] sa [[Special:Contributions/~2026-47111-26|~2026-47111-26]] ([[User talk:~2026-47111-26|olay]]) 310114 wikitext text/x-wiki [[ladawan:Donald Trump official portrait.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Si Pres. Donald Trump 2017]] Si '''Donald John Trump, Jr.''' (namundag [[Hunyo 14]], [[1946]]) sarong prominenteng Amerikanong negosyante, autor, personalidad sa telebisyon asin an ika-45 na [[Presidente kan Estados Unidos]]. Siya an chairman asin CEO kan [[Trump Organization]], sarong real-estate developer. Siya man an kagtogdas kan Trump Entertainment Resorts na nagpapadalagan nin magkakapirang mga casino asin otel sa palibot kan kinaban. An saiyang masamwang na pagbuhaybuhay asin an saiyang matabil na manera`iyo an nagpapalaen, nagpapabantog saiya. Igwa man siyang isinangat na reality show sa [[NBC]] na an pangaran ''The Apprentice''. Siya hinuhuna na posible magkandidato sa eleksyon presidensyal sa 2012.<ref name=post>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121023045409/http://www.nypost.com/p/news/local/donald_trump_seriously_considers_HpwRnhtvmQ2UcNKIcCZxvI Donald Trump seriously considers running for President in 2012]. New York Post October 5, 2010. Retrieved January 30, 2010.</ref><ref name="Feb2011poll">{{cite web |url=http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2011/02/22/poll-could-trump-beat-obama-in-2012/ |title=Poll: "Could Trump beat Obama in 2012?" |publisher=Politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com |date=2011-02-22 |accessdate=2011-04-21 |archive-date=2011-04-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110414063553/http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2011/02/22/poll-could-trump-beat-obama-in-2012/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Si Trump iyo an nagin nominadong kandidato kan [[Partido Republikano kan Estados Unidos|Partido Republikano]] para sa eleksyon presidensyal 2016 kan Estados Unidos nin Amerika, asin sa eleksyon nasyonal na nangyari siya nanggana, nadaog niya si [[Hillary Clinton]]. Alagad kan mag'eleksyon presidensyal kan 2020, siya nadaog ni [[Joe Biden]], kandidato presidensyal kan [[Partido Demokrata kan Estados Unidos|Partido Demokrata]]. ==E.U. na eleksyon nasyonal 2024== Mangyari, sa eleksyon nasyonal 2024, si Donald Trump an kandidato kan [[Partido Republikano kan Estadsos Unidos|Partido Republikano]] asin an kalaban niya iyo si [[Kamala Harris]], na nagsangle ki Joe Biden kan an huri nag'atras sa pagkandidato sa paghurot kan mga kapartido niya sa Demokrata huli sa pagkagurang na ngani niya.<ref>https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-07-21/harris-says-she-is-running-for-president-after-biden-drops-out. Kinua 2024-08-07.</ref> Si Trump iyo man an kagsadiri asin nagpapadalagan kan Miss Universe Organization. Si Trump ikaapat sa limang aki ni Fred Trump, sarong real-estate developer yaon sa Nuweba York na nagpayaman sa sadiring paghingoa. An saiyang agom iyo si [[Melania Trump]]. ==Mga panluwas na takod== * [http://www.trumpuniversity.com/blog/index.cfm The Trump Blog] * [http://www.trump.com/ The Trump Organization] * [http://www.trumpcasinos.com/ Trump Entertainment Resorts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170301072709/http://www.trumpcasinos.com/ |date=2017-03-01 }} * [http://www.trippinguptrump.com/ Tripping Up Trump] * [http://www.hawaii50vacationrentals.com/ Trump Waikiki] * [http://www.trumpgolfscotland.com/ Trump International Golf Links, Aberdeen, Scotland] * [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/donald-j-trump Column archives] at ''[[The Huffington Post]]'' * [http://www.ontheissues.org/donald_trump.htm Issue positions] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213224859/http://www.ontheissues.org/Donald_Trump.htm |date=2013-12-13 }} at [[OnTheIssues.org]] * [http://www.biography.com/articles/Donald-Trump-9511238 Donald Trump] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100912081720/http://www.biography.com/articles/Donald-Trump-9511238 |date=2010-09-12 }} at ''[[Biography.com]]'' * [http://www.nbc.com/nbc/The_Apprentice/bios/Donald_J._Trump.html Biography] at ''[[NBC]]'' * [http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/07_04/b4018061.htm It's All Donald All The Time], ''[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]'', January 22, 2007 * [http://genealogy.about.com/od/famous_family_trees/p/trump.htm About.com: Genealogy: Ancestry of Donald Trump] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227234239/http://genealogy.about.com/od/famous_family_trees/p/trump.htm |date=2017-02-27 }} * [http://www.genealogy.com/famousfolks/dtrump/index.html Genealogy.com: Ancestry of Donald Trump] * [http://www.scottishroots.com/donald.html Scottish Roots: Donald Trump] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120712014750/http://www.scottishroots.com/donald.html |date=2012-07-12 }} (report of his maternal ancestry) * [http://www.indianapolismotorspeedway.com/indy500/news/show/42166-global-icon-trump-to-drive-100th-anniversary-indianapolis-500-pace-car/ Donald Trump to drive pace car for 2011 Indy 500] ==Toltolan== {{reflist}} {{Presidente kan Estados Unidos}} {{stub}} [[Kategorya:Mga presidente kan Estados Unidos|Trump, Donald]] t7v3m54xx2uvxzz21rwncg7wjamda2d 310115 310114 2026-09-03T11:22:05Z ~2026-47111-26 32798 310115 wikitext text/x-wiki [[ladawan: [[File:Comparison of male and female genitalia from the front.jpg|Comparison_of_male_and_female_genitalia_from_the_front]]]] Donald trump to żyd i pedofil. Kocham grube soczyste penisy. eleksyon nasyonal na nangyari siya nanggana, nadaog niya si [[Hillary Clinton]]. Alagad kan mag'eleksyon presidensyal kan p2020, siya nadaog ni [[Joe Biden]], kandidato presidensyal kan [[Partido Demokrata kan Estados Unidos|Partido Demokrata]]. ==E.U. na eleksyon nasyonal 2024== Mangyari, sa eleksyon nasyonal 2024, si Donald Trump an kandidato kan [[Partido Republikano kan Estadsos Unidos|Partido Republikano]] asin an kalaban niya iyo si [[Kamala Harris]], na nagsangle ki Joe Biden kan an huri nag'atras sa pagkandidato sa paghurot kan mga kapartido niya sa Demokrata huli sa pagkagurang na ngani niya.<ref>https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-07-21/harris-says-she-is-running-for-president-after-biden-drops-out. Kinua 2024-08-07.</ref> Si Trump iyo man an kagsadiri asin nagpapadalagan kan Miss Universe Organization. Si Trump ikaapat sa limang aki ni Fred Trump, sarong real-estate developer yaon sa Nuweba York na nagpayaman sa sadiring paghingoa. An saiyang agom iyo si [[Melania Trump]]. ==Mga panluwas na takod== * [http://www.trumpuniversity.com/blog/index.cfm The Trump Blog] * [http://www.trump.com/ The Trump Organization] * [http://www.trumpcasinos.com/ Trump Entertainment Resorts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170301072709/http://www.trumpcasinos.com/ |date=2017-03-01 }} * [http://www.trippinguptrump.com/ Tripping Up Trump] * [http://www.hawaii50vacationrentals.com/ Trump Waikiki] * [http://www.trumpgolfscotland.com/ Trump International Golf Links, Aberdeen, Scotland] * [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/donald-j-trump Column archives] at ''[[The Huffington Post]]'' * [http://www.ontheissues.org/donald_trump.htm Issue positions] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213224859/http://www.ontheissues.org/Donald_Trump.htm |date=2013-12-13 }} at [[OnTheIssues.org]] * [http://www.biography.com/articles/Donald-Trump-9511238 Donald Trump] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100912081720/http://www.biography.com/articles/Donald-Trump-9511238 |date=2010-09-12 }} at ''[[Biography.com]]'' * [http://www.nbc.com/nbc/The_Apprentice/bios/Donald_J._Trump.html Biography] at ''[[NBC]]'' * [http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/07_04/b4018061.htm It's All Donald All The Time], ''[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]'', January 22, 2007 * [http://genealogy.about.com/od/famous_family_trees/p/trump.htm About.com: Genealogy: Ancestry of Donald Trump] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227234239/http://genealogy.about.com/od/famous_family_trees/p/trump.htm |date=2017-02-27 }} * [http://www.genealogy.com/famousfolks/dtrump/index.html Genealogy.com: Ancestry of Donald Trump] * [http://www.scottishroots.com/donald.html Scottish Roots: Donald Trump] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120712014750/http://www.scottishroots.com/donald.html |date=2012-07-12 }} (report of his maternal ancestry) * [http://www.indianapolismotorspeedway.com/indy500/news/show/42166-global-icon-trump-to-drive-100th-anniversary-indianapolis-500-pace-car/ Donald Trump to drive pace car for 2011 Indy 500] ==Toltolan== {{reflist}} {{Presidente kan Estados Unidos}} {{stub}} [[Kategorya:Mga presidente kan Estados Unidos|Trump, Donald]] k9qhf62vb5eodqj18j0g1rodgqoyu0d 310116 310115 2026-09-03T11:22:27Z Veritas Sapientiae 20441 Reverted edits by [[Special:Contribs/~2026-47111-26|~2026-47111-26]] ([[User talk:~2026-47111-26|talk]]) to last version by Morkoz: reverting vandalism 310114 wikitext text/x-wiki [[ladawan:Donald Trump official portrait.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Si Pres. Donald Trump 2017]] Si '''Donald John Trump, Jr.''' (namundag [[Hunyo 14]], [[1946]]) sarong prominenteng Amerikanong negosyante, autor, personalidad sa telebisyon asin an ika-45 na [[Presidente kan Estados Unidos]]. Siya an chairman asin CEO kan [[Trump Organization]], sarong real-estate developer. Siya man an kagtogdas kan Trump Entertainment Resorts na nagpapadalagan nin magkakapirang mga casino asin otel sa palibot kan kinaban. An saiyang masamwang na pagbuhaybuhay asin an saiyang matabil na manera`iyo an nagpapalaen, nagpapabantog saiya. Igwa man siyang isinangat na reality show sa [[NBC]] na an pangaran ''The Apprentice''. Siya hinuhuna na posible magkandidato sa eleksyon presidensyal sa 2012.<ref name=post>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121023045409/http://www.nypost.com/p/news/local/donald_trump_seriously_considers_HpwRnhtvmQ2UcNKIcCZxvI Donald Trump seriously considers running for President in 2012]. New York Post October 5, 2010. Retrieved January 30, 2010.</ref><ref name="Feb2011poll">{{cite web |url=http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2011/02/22/poll-could-trump-beat-obama-in-2012/ |title=Poll: "Could Trump beat Obama in 2012?" |publisher=Politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com |date=2011-02-22 |accessdate=2011-04-21 |archive-date=2011-04-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110414063553/http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2011/02/22/poll-could-trump-beat-obama-in-2012/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Si Trump iyo an nagin nominadong kandidato kan [[Partido Republikano kan Estados Unidos|Partido Republikano]] para sa eleksyon presidensyal 2016 kan Estados Unidos nin Amerika, asin sa eleksyon nasyonal na nangyari siya nanggana, nadaog niya si [[Hillary Clinton]]. Alagad kan mag'eleksyon presidensyal kan 2020, siya nadaog ni [[Joe Biden]], kandidato presidensyal kan [[Partido Demokrata kan Estados Unidos|Partido Demokrata]]. ==E.U. na eleksyon nasyonal 2024== Mangyari, sa eleksyon nasyonal 2024, si Donald Trump an kandidato kan [[Partido Republikano kan Estadsos Unidos|Partido Republikano]] asin an kalaban niya iyo si [[Kamala Harris]], na nagsangle ki Joe Biden kan an huri nag'atras sa pagkandidato sa paghurot kan mga kapartido niya sa Demokrata huli sa pagkagurang na ngani niya.<ref>https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-07-21/harris-says-she-is-running-for-president-after-biden-drops-out. Kinua 2024-08-07.</ref> Si Trump iyo man an kagsadiri asin nagpapadalagan kan Miss Universe Organization. Si Trump ikaapat sa limang aki ni Fred Trump, sarong real-estate developer yaon sa Nuweba York na nagpayaman sa sadiring paghingoa. An saiyang agom iyo si [[Melania Trump]]. ==Mga panluwas na takod== * [http://www.trumpuniversity.com/blog/index.cfm The Trump Blog] * [http://www.trump.com/ The Trump Organization] * [http://www.trumpcasinos.com/ Trump Entertainment Resorts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170301072709/http://www.trumpcasinos.com/ |date=2017-03-01 }} * [http://www.trippinguptrump.com/ Tripping Up Trump] * [http://www.hawaii50vacationrentals.com/ Trump Waikiki] * [http://www.trumpgolfscotland.com/ Trump International Golf Links, Aberdeen, Scotland] * [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/donald-j-trump Column archives] at ''[[The Huffington Post]]'' * [http://www.ontheissues.org/donald_trump.htm Issue positions] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213224859/http://www.ontheissues.org/Donald_Trump.htm |date=2013-12-13 }} at [[OnTheIssues.org]] * [http://www.biography.com/articles/Donald-Trump-9511238 Donald Trump] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100912081720/http://www.biography.com/articles/Donald-Trump-9511238 |date=2010-09-12 }} at ''[[Biography.com]]'' * [http://www.nbc.com/nbc/The_Apprentice/bios/Donald_J._Trump.html Biography] at ''[[NBC]]'' * [http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/07_04/b4018061.htm It's All Donald All The Time], ''[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]'', January 22, 2007 * [http://genealogy.about.com/od/famous_family_trees/p/trump.htm About.com: Genealogy: Ancestry of Donald Trump] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227234239/http://genealogy.about.com/od/famous_family_trees/p/trump.htm |date=2017-02-27 }} * [http://www.genealogy.com/famousfolks/dtrump/index.html Genealogy.com: Ancestry of Donald Trump] * [http://www.scottishroots.com/donald.html Scottish Roots: Donald Trump] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120712014750/http://www.scottishroots.com/donald.html |date=2012-07-12 }} (report of his maternal ancestry) * [http://www.indianapolismotorspeedway.com/indy500/news/show/42166-global-icon-trump-to-drive-100th-anniversary-indianapolis-500-pace-car/ Donald Trump to drive pace car for 2011 Indy 500] ==Toltolan== {{reflist}} {{Presidente kan Estados Unidos}} {{stub}} [[Kategorya:Mga presidente kan Estados Unidos|Trump, Donald]] t7v3m54xx2uvxzz21rwncg7wjamda2d 0 9150 310100 279917 2026-09-02T22:55:22Z En hai ahne 32794 310100 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Ladawan:YaoMingonoffense2.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Si Yao Ming (2006)]] Si '''Yao Ming''' (Intsik: 姚明; pinyin: Yáo Míng; namundag [[Septyembre 12]], [[1980]]) sarong Intsik na basketbolistang propesyunal na parakawat. Siya sa presente nagkawat sa liga kan [[Houstron Rockets]], sarong liga kaapil sa [[National Basketball Association]] (NBA). Siya lampyagaw na tawo asin siya na nanggad an pinakahalangkaw na parakawat sa NBA, sa langkaw na 2.29 m (7 piye, 6 na pul.) sa karawat 2010-11 kan NBA.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nba.com/playerfile/yao_ming/index.html|title=NBA.com Yao Ming Info Page|publisher=NBA.com|accessdate=February 5, 2009}}</ref> == Mga panluwas na takod == * [http://www.nba.com/playerfile/yao_ming/ NBA.com Official Yao Ming player profile] * [http://www.yaomingfanclub.com/ Club Yao] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430204126/http://www.yaomingfanclub.com/ |date=2018-04-30 }} — Official Yao Ming fan club * [http://theyaomingfoundation.org/ The Yao Ming Foundation official website]{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} == Toltolan == {{reflist}} {{stub}} 36mqrsz2wujnmom8vl3hh7h8ampthyn 0 18641 310105 309960 2026-09-03T04:13:36Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 310105 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement|blank2_name|name=Rīga|native_name=Rīga|native_name_lang=lv|settlement_type=[[List of cities and towns in Latvia|City]]|image_skyline=Riga montage.jpg|imagesize=280px|image_alt=|image_caption=From top, left to right: the [[Freedom Monument]], the [[Riga City Council]] building, the [[House of the Blackheads]], Līvu Square, and the [[Latvian National Opera]]|image_flag=Flag of Riga.svg|image_shield=Coat of Arms of Riga.svg|map_alt=|mapsize=|pushpin_map_caption=Location within Latvia##Location within the Baltics##Location within Europe|pushpin_map=Latvia#Baltic states#Europe|pushpin_relief=1|subdivision_type=[[List of sovereign states|Country]]|subdivision_name={{LVA}}|government_footnotes=<ref name="council">{{cite web |url=http://www.riga.lv/EN/Channels/Riga_Municipality/Riga_City_Council/default.htm |title=Riga City Council |publisher=Riga City Council |accessdate=22 July 2009 |archive-date=25 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225141932/https://www.riga.lv/lv |dead-url=yes }}</ref>|government_type=City council|leader_title=Mayor|leader_name=[[Nils Ušakovs]]|area_magnitude=1 E+6|area_footnotes=&nbsp;(''2002'')<ref name="figures">{{cite web |url=http://www.riga.lv/EN/Channels/About_Riga/Riga_in_numbers/default.htm |title=Riga in Figures |accessdate=2 August 2007 |publisher=[[Riga City Council]] |archive-date=10 August 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070810132246/http://www.riga.lv/EN/Channels/About_Riga/Riga_in_numbers/default.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref>|area_total_km2=324|area_land_km2=275.5|area_water_km2=48.50|area_water_percent=15.8|area_metro_km2=10133|population_as_of=''2018''|population_footnotes=<ref name="population">{{cite web |url=http://data.csb.gov.lv/pxweb/lv/iedz/iedz__riga/RIG010.px/table/tableViewLayout1/?rxid=5fc39940-d36b-4c77-b501-eca71fc108d2 |title=RESIDENT POPULATION BY STATISTICAL REGION, CITY AND COUNTY|publisher=Centrālā statistikas pārvalde |accessdate=7 Jan 2019}}</ref>|population_total=637 827|population_density_km2=auto|population_urban=939,325<ref>http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=urb_lpop1&lang=en</ref>|population_metro=1,070,201|population_metro_footnotes=<ref>https://www.geo.lu.lv/fileadmin/user_upload/lu_portal/projekti/gzzf/Konferences/EGEA/Krisjane_Zira_Rigas_aglomeracija.pdf#page=10</ref>|population_density_metro_km2=101.4|population_blank1_title=[[Demonym]]|population_blank1=''Rīdzinieki''|demographics_type1=Ethnicity|demographics1_footnotes=&nbsp;(''2018'')<ref name="ethnicity">{{cite web|url=http://data.csb.gov.lv/pxweb/lv/Sociala/Sociala__ikgad__iedz__iedzskaits/IS0191.px/table/tableViewLayout1/?rxid=992a0682-2c7d-4148-b242-7b48ff9fe0c2|title=Table ISG191. RESIDENT POPULATION BY ETHNICITY AND BY STATISTICAL REGION AND CITY AT THE BEGINNING OF THE YEAR 2018|publisher=Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia|accessdate=24 July 2018|archive-date=25 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225141928/http://data.csb.gov.lv/ErrorGeneral.aspx?aspxerrorpath=%2Fpxweb%2Flv%2FSociala%2FSociala__ikgad__iedz__iedzskaits%2FIS0191.px%2Ftable%2FtableViewLayout1%2F|dead-url=yes}}</ref>|demographics1_title1=[[Latvian people|Latvians]]|demographics1_info1=47.0%|demographics1_title2=[[Russians]]|demographics1_info2=36.8%|demographics1_title3=[[Belarusians]]|demographics1_info3=3.7%|demographics1_title4=[[Ukrainians]]|demographics1_info4=3.4%|demographics1_title5=[[Poles]]|demographics1_info5=1.8%|demographics1_title6=[[Lithuanians]]|demographics1_info6=0.8%|demographics1_title7=[[Romanies]]|demographics1_info7=0.1%|timezone1=EET|utc_offset1=+2|timezone1_DST=EEST|utc_offset1_DST=+3|blank_name=GDP(nominal)|blank_info=2015<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data1.csb.gov.lv/pxweb/en/ekfin/ekfin__ikp__reg/IKG10_110.px/table/tableViewLayout1/?rxid=dcc30576-1e14-481f-a372-9698956b3f68|title=2.1. Gross Domestic Product – Stratēģijas Uzraudzības Sistēma|author=|date=|work=sus.lv|access-date=2019-02-22|archive-date=2020-07-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728113436/https://data1.csb.gov.lv/pxweb/en/ekfin/ekfin__ikp__reg/IKG10_110.px/?rxid=dcc30576-1e14-481f-a372-9698956b3f68|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2015&ey=2015&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=40&pr1.y=20&c=941&s=PPPEX&grp=0&a=</ref>|blank1_name=&nbsp;- Total|blank1_info=€13.2 billion($27 billion, [[Purchasing power parity|PPP]])|blank2_name=&nbsp;- Per capita|blank2_info=€20,550($41,400, [[Purchasing power parity|PPP]])|blank3_name=[[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2017)|blank3_info=0.878<ref>https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/</ref> – <span style="color:#090;">very high</span>|coordinates={{coord|56|56|56|N|24|6|23|E|display=inline,title}}|area_code_type=[[Telephone numbers in Latvia|Calling codes]]|area_code=66 and 67|website=[http://www.riga.lv/ www.riga.lv]}}{{Infobox UNESCO World Heritage Site|Name=Historic Centre of Riga|Image=[[File:Edificios en la Plaza del Mercado, Riga, Letonia, 2012-08-07, DD 02.JPG|250px|The Old Town of Riga]]|Caption=The old town of Riga|Criteria=Cultural: i, ii|ID=852|Year=1997|Area=438.3 ha|Buffer_zone=1,574.2 ha}}'''Riga''' (/ˈriːɡə/; Latvian: Rīga <span class="IPA" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ˈriːɡa]</span>&#x20;<span class="nowrap" style="font-size:85%">(<span class="unicode haudio"><span class="fn"><span style="white-space:nowrap;margin-right:.25em;">[[File:Loudspeaker.svg|link=File:Lv-Rīga.ogg|11x11px|About this sound]]</span>[[Media:Lv-Rīga.ogg|listen]]</span></span>)</span>, Livonian: Rīgõ) an kapitolyo asin pinakadakulang syudad sa [[Latbya|Latvia]]. Na igwang 637,827 nakaistar (2018),ini man an pinakadakulang syudad sa tolong estado nin Baltic, istaran kan katulohan nin populasyon kan Latvia's asin kasampoloan nin tolong estado nin Baltic kun susumahon.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.li.lv/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=12&Itemid=1060|title=Latvia in Brief|publisher=Latvian Institute|accessdate=5 November 2011|archive-date=26 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226035413/http://www.li.lv/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=12&Itemid=1060|dead-url=yes}}</ref> An syudad nasa Gulf of Riga, sa bunganga kan Daugava. An teritoryo kan Riga territory sakop an 307.17 km2 (118.60 sq mi) asin nasa 1–10 m (3 ft 3 in–32 ft 10 in) taas kan lebel kadagatan,<ref name="RigaMunicipality">{{Cite web|url=http://www.riga.lv/EN/Channels/About_Riga/default.htm|title=Riga Municipality Portal|publisher=Copyright © 2003–2009, www.riga.lv/LV/Channels/ Riga Municipality|accessdate=27 July 2009|archive-date=28 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828172049/http://www.riga.lv/EN/Channels/About_Riga/default.htm|dead-url=yes}}</ref> sa patag asin mabaybay na kadagaan .<ref name="RigaMunicipality" /> == Mga toltolan == <references group=""></references> [[Kategorya:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 448yiq8fgei0bsggaqm9wxn59h6h5vl 0 19303 310107 182480 2026-09-03T04:57:17Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 310107 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language |name = Mamasa |nativename = |states = [[Indonesya]] |region = [[Sulawesi]] |speakers = 100,000 |date = 1991 |ref=e18 |familycolor = Austronesyo |fam2 = [[Mga tataramon na Malayo-Polinesyo|Malayo-Polinesyo]] |fam3 = [[Mga tataramon na Sur na Sulawesi|Sur na Sulawesi]] |fam4 = Norte |fam5 = Toraja |dia1 = Norteng Mamasa |dia2 = Sentral Mamasa |dia3 = [[Tataramon na Pattae'|Pattae']] |iso3 = mqj |glotto=mama1276 |glottorefname=Mamasa }} An '''Mamasa''' sarong [[Mga tataramon na Austronesyo|tataramon na Austronesyo]] kan [[Sulawesi]], [[Indonesya]]. Tolong mga diyalekto an pwede maklaripikar:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sulang.org/languages/mamasa|title=The Mamasa Language|access-date=14 Dec 2017|archive-date=14 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171214183544/http://sulang.org/languages/mamasa|dead-url=yes}}</ref> *Norteng Mamasa *Sentral Mamasa *[[Tataramon na Pattae'|Pattae']] Sarong naiibang pankultural na etnikong grupo an mga parataram nin Pattae' na pantradisyunal na nakiisama sa [[Mga tawo nin Mandares|mga Mandar]] kaya magtaram kan mga diyalekto nin Norte asin Sentral Mamasa sa interyor, asin pigkokonsiderar kan mga parataram kaini an mga parataram man lang na kaini para sa rason na iyan nin Pattae' sarong tataramon na suway sa sentrong Mamasa (i.e. Northern and Central Mamasa). <ref>{{Cite book|title=A phonological reconstruction of Proto-Pitu Ulunna Salu|author=Smith, Beverly Kean|date=1993|oclc=840034799}}</ref> ==Mga toltolan== {{Reflist}} {{Mga tataramon kan Indonesya}} {{Mga tataramon na Nukleyar Malayo-Polinesyo}} [[Kategorya:Mga tataramon kan Sulawesi]] [[Kategorya:Mga tataramon kan Indonesya]] [[Kategorya:Mga tataramon na Sur na Sulawesi]] {{au-lang-stub}} 5wq5xt95c53oplz3c22my7yp5wsfoyh 0 25146 310099 266614 2026-09-02T22:49:15Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 310099 wikitext text/x-wiki Si '''Abram Ilcisin''' sarong aktibista sa klima sa Canada. <ref>{{Cite web|title=UNICEF Youth Advocates 2020|url=https://www.unicef.org/world-childrens-day/unicef-youth-advocates-2020|language=en|access-date=2021-05-07|archive-date=2021-01-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125195325/https://www.unicef.org/world-childrens-day/unicef-youth-advocates-2020|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Presidents, Prime Ministers, UNICEF Goodwill Ambassadors and global businesses unite with children and young people on World Ch|language=en|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/press-releases/2020-11-20/presidents-prime-ministers-unicef-goodwill-ambassadors-and-global-businesses-unite-with-children-and-young-people-on-world-ch}}</ref> == Buhay == Nagdakula sya sa Edmonto. Kan 2019, nagtabang sya sa pag organisa sa martsa kan Climate Justice Edmonton.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Young Alberta activists join global climate strikes|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/young-alberta-activists-join-global-climate-strikes-1.5300203}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Young Edmontonians join global ‘climate strike’ to demand action on global warming|url=https://globalnews.ca/news/5932061/edmonton-climate-change-march-protest-strike-students/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Meet the Alberta students joining the global strike for action on climate change|url=https://www.thestar.com/edmonton/2019/03/15/meet-the-edmonton-students-joining-the-global-strike-for-action-on-climate-change.html}}</ref> Kan 2019, pinunan nya an black friday protest sa Southgate Centre mall.<ref name="Ejournal">{{Cite web|title='We're fighting against it': Climate activists stage Black Friday mall protest|url=https://edmontonjournal.com/news/local-news/climate-activists-stage-black-friday-mall-protest}}</ref> Kan 2019, nagi man syang panelista para sa Canadian Youth Activism Summit.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Media Advisory – What do Canadian youth want? Our rights! When do we want them? 30 years ago!|url=https://on.nationtalk.ca/story/media-advisory-what-do-canadian-youth-want-our-rights-when-do-we-want-them-30-years-ago/|access-date=2021-05-07|archive-date=2021-04-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210427210247/https://on.nationtalk.ca/story/media-advisory-what-do-canadian-youth-want-our-rights-when-do-we-want-them-30-years-ago/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Kan 2020, nagtabang sya sa pag-organisar kan martsa para sa #EyesOpenCanada kaidtong Parliamento. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Youth climate activists demand to be heard amid COVID-19 {{!}} The Charlatan, Carleton's independent newspaper|url=https://charlatan.ca/2020/08/youth-climate-activists-demand-to-be-heard-amid-covid-19/|access-date=2021-05-07|archive-date=2021-04-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210429174125/https://charlatan.ca/2020/08/youth-climate-activists-demand-to-be-heard-amid-covid-19/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> == Panluwas na mga link == * [https://www.telescoop.tv/2020/01/23/3071332/3071332_20_Envoye-special-les-30-ans.html Envoye special les 30 ans.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210427205004/https://www.telescoop.tv/2020/01/23/3071332/3071332_20_Envoye-special-les-30-ans.html |date=2021-04-27 }} telescoop.tv, 23 janvier 2020 ==Susugan== {{Reflist}} qtu4x00k8bvcrg0yu55e3zg1tmpvef1 0 25397 310102 309102 2026-09-02T23:53:07Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 310102 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox scientist|image=Carl Friedrich Gauss 1840 by Jensen.jpg|thesis_year=1799|signature=Carl Friedrich Gauß signature.svg|awards=[[Lalande Prize]] (1809)<br />[[Copley Medal]] (1838)|children={{hlist|Joseph|Wilhelmina|Louis|Eugene|Wilhelm|Therese}}|spouse={{Unbulleted list|Johanna Osthoff (1805–1809)|Minna Waldeck (1810–1831)}}|influenced=[[Ferdinand Minding]]|influences=|known_for=[[List of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|See full list]]|notable_students=[[Johann Franz Encke|Johann Encke]]<br />[[Christoph Gudermann]]<br />[[Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet]]<br />[[Gotthold Eisenstein]]<br />[[Carl Wolfgang Benjamin Goldschmidt]]<br />[[Gustav Kirchhoff]]<br />[[Ernst Kummer]]<br />[[August Ferdinand Möbius]]<br />[[L. C. Schnürlein]]<br />[[Julius Weisbach]]<br />[[Sophie Germain]] (correspondent as Monsieur Le Blanc)|doctoral_students=[[Johann Benedict Listing|Johann Listing]]<br />[[Christian Ludwig Gerling]]<br />[[Richard Dedekind]]<br />[[Bernhard Riemann]]<br />[[Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters|Christian Peters]]<br />[[Moritz Cantor]]|academic_advisors=[[Johann Christian Martin Bartels]]|doctoral_advisor=[[Johann Friedrich Pfaff]]|thesis_url=http://www.e-rara.ch/zut/content/titleinfo/1336299|caption=Imahen ni Gauss, gibo ni [[Christian Albrecht Jensen]] (1840)|thesis_title=Demonstratio nova...|alma_mater=[[Braunschweig University of Technology|Collegium Carolinum]], [[University of Göttingen]], [[University of Helmstedt]]|workplaces=[[University of Göttingen]]|fields=[[Mathematics]] and [[sciences]]|nationality=German|citizenship=|residence=[[Kingdom of Hanover]]|death_place=[[Göttingen]], [[Kingdom of Hanover]], [[German Confederation]]|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|1855|2|23|1777|4|30}}|birth_place=[[Braunschweig|Brunswick]], [[Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel]]|birth_date={{birth date|df=yes|1777|4|30}}|birth_name=Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss|footnotes=}}Si '''Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss''' ({{IPAc-en|ɡ|aʊ|s}}; {{lang-de|Gauß}} {{IPA-de|kaʁl ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈɡaʊs||De-carlfriedrichgauss.ogg}};<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T6vWCgAAQBAJ|title=Das Aussprachewörterbuch|author1=Dudenredaktion|last2=Kleiner|first2=Stefan|last3=Knöbl|first3=Ralf|publisher=Dudenverlag|year=2015|isbn=978-3-411-04067-4|edition=7th|location=Berlin|pages=246, 381, 391|language=de|trans-title=The Pronunciation Dictionary|orig-year=First published 1962}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E-1tr_oVkW4C&q=deutsches+ausspracheworterbuch|title=Deutsches Aussprachewörterbuch|last1=Krech|first1=Eva-Maria|last2=Stock|first2=Eberhard|last3=Hirschfeld|first3=Ursula|last4=Anders|first4=Lutz Christian|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|year=2009|isbn=978-3-11-018202-6|location=Berlin|pages=402, 520, 529|language=de|trans-title=German Pronunciation Dictionary}}</ref> ; Abril 30, 1777- Pebrero 23, 1855) sarong matematikong Aleman asin pisiko na nagtaong importanteng kontribusyon sa [[matematika]] asin [[siyensya]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Gauss, Carl Friedrich|url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/science-and-technology/mathematics-biographies/carl-friedrich-gauss#2830901590|website=Encyclopedia.com|access-date=17 September 2018}}</ref> Midbid na ''Princeps mathematicorum''<ref>{{cite book|title=Oxford Users' Guide to Mathematics|title-link=Oxford Users' Guide to Mathematics|last=Zeidler|first=Eberhard|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=2004|isbn=978-0-19-850763-5|location=Oxford, UK|page=[https://archive.org/details/oxfordusersguide0000unse/page/1188 1188]}}</ref> ({{Language with name/for|2=Latin|3="the foremost of mathematicians"}}) asin "t''he greatest mathematician since antiquity''". Si Gauss igwang matibay na impluwensiya sa Matematika asin Siyensya, asin kabali sa pinaka-impluwensiyal na mga matematiko sa kasaysayan.<ref name="scientificmonthly">{{cite journal|url=http://www.mathsong.com/cfgauss/Dunnington/1927/|title=The Sesquicentennial of the Birth of Gauss|journal=Scientific Monthly|volume=24|issue=5|pages=402–414|jstor=7912|url-status=bot: unknown|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080226020629/http://www.mathsong.com/cfgauss/Dunnington/1927/|archive-date=26 February 2008|last1=Dunnington|first1=Waldo|year=1927|bibcode=1927SciMo..24..402D}} Also available at {{cite web|url=http://gausschildren.org/genwiki/index.php?title=The_Sesquicentennial_of_the_Birth_of_Gauss|title=The Sesquicentennial of the Birth of Gauss|access-date=2021-05-24|archive-date=2019-05-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502095139/http://gausschildren.org/genwiki/index.php?title=The_Sesquicentennial_of_the_Birth_of_Gauss|dead-url=yes}} Retrieved 23 February 2014. Comprehensive biographical article.</ref> == Mga sinurat == * 1799: [[Doctoral dissertation]] on the [[fundamental theorem of algebra]], with the title: ''Demonstratio nova theorematis omnem functionem algebraicam rationalem integram unius variabilis in factores reales primi vel secundi gradus resolvi posse'' ("New proof of the theorem that every integral algebraic function of one variable can be resolved into real factors (i.e., polynomials) of the first or second degree") * 1801: ''[[Disquisitiones Arithmeticae]]'' (Latin). A German translation by H. Maser {{Cite book|title=Untersuchungen über höhere Arithmetik (Disquisitiones Arithmeticae & other papers on number theory)|publisher=Chelsea|year=1965|isbn=978-0-8284-0191-3|edition=Second|location=New York}}, pp.&nbsp;1–453. English translation by Arthur A. Clarke {{Cite book|title=Disquisitiones Arithmeticae|publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]]|year=1986|isbn=978-0-387-96254-2|edition=Second, corrected|location=New York}}. * 1808: {{Cite journal|title=Theorematis arithmetici demonstratio nova|publisher=Commentationes Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Gottingensis. 16|location=Göttingen}}. German translation by H. Maser {{Cite book|title=Untersuchungen über höhere Arithmetik (Disquisitiones Arithmeticae & other papers on number theory)|publisher=Chelsea|year=1965|isbn=978-0-8284-0191-3|edition=Second|location=New York}}, pp.&nbsp;457–462 [Introduces [[Gauss's lemma (number theory)|Gauss's lemma]], uses it in the third proof of quadratic reciprocity] * 1809: ''Theoria Motus Corporum Coelestium in sectionibus conicis solem ambientium'' (Theorie der Bewegung der Himmelskörper, die die Sonne in Kegelschnitten umkreisen), ''Theory of the Motion of Heavenly Bodies Moving about the Sun in Conic Sections'' (English translation by C.H. Davis), reprinted 1963, Dover, New York. * 1811: {{Cite journal|title=Summatio serierun quarundam singularium|publisher=Commentationes Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Gottingensis|location=Göttingen}}. German translation by H. Maser {{Cite book|title=Untersuchungen über höhere Arithmetik (Disquisitiones Arithmeticae & other papers on number theory)|publisher=Chelsea|year=1965|isbn=978-0-8284-0191-3|edition=Second|location=New York}}, pp.&nbsp;463–495 [Determination of the sign of the [[quadratic Gauss sum]], uses this to give the fourth proof of quadratic reciprocity] * 1812: ''Disquisitiones Generales Circa Seriem Infinitam'' <math>1+\frac{\alpha\beta}{\gamma.1}+\mbox{etc.}</math> * 1818: {{Cite journal|title=Theorematis fundamentalis in doctrina de residuis quadraticis demonstrationes et amplicationes novae|publisher=Commentationes Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Gottingensis|location=Göttingen}}. German translation by H. Maser {{Cite book|title=Untersuchungen über höhere Arithmetik (Disquisitiones Arithmeticae & other papers on number theory)|publisher=Chelsea|year=1965|isbn=978-0-8284-0191-3|edition=Second|location=New York}}, pp.&nbsp;496–510 [Fifth and sixth proofs of quadratic reciprocity] * 1821, 1823 and 1826: ''Theoria combinationis observationum erroribus minimis obnoxiae''. Drei Abhandlungen betreffend die Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung als Grundlage des Gauß'schen Fehlerfortpflanzungsgesetzes. (Three essays concerning the calculation of probabilities as the basis of the Gaussian law of error propagation) English translation by G.W. Stewart, 1987, Society for Industrial Mathematics. * 1827: ''Disquisitiones generales circa superficies curvas'', Commentationes Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Gottingesis Recentiores. Volume '''VI''', pp.&nbsp;99–146. [http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/36856 "General Investigations of Curved Surfaces"] (published 1965), Raven Press, New York, translated by J. C. Morehead and A. M. Hiltebeitel. * 1828: {{Cite journal|title=Theoria residuorum biquadraticorum, Commentatio prima|publisher=Commentationes Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Gottingensis. 6|location=Göttingen}}. German translation by H. Maser * 1828: {{Cite book|title=Untersuchungen über höhere Arithmetik (Disquisitiones Arithmeticae & other papers on number theory)|publisher=Chelsea|year=1965|isbn=978-0-8284-0191-3|edition=Second|location=New York|pages=511–533}} [Elementary facts about biquadratic residues, proves one of the supplements of the law of [[biquadratic reciprocity]] (the biquadratic character of 2)] * 1832: {{Cite journal|title=Theoria residuorum biquadraticorum, Commentatio secunda|publisher=Commentationes Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Gottingensis. 7|location=Göttingen}}. German translation by H. Maser {{Cite book|title=Untersuchungen über höhere Arithmetik (Disquisitiones Arithmeticae & other papers on number theory)|publisher=Chelsea|year=1965|isbn=978-0-8284-0191-3|edition=Second|location=New York}}, pp.&nbsp;534–586 [Introduces the [[Gaussian integers]], states (without proof) the law of [[biquadratic reciprocity]], proves the supplementary law for 1 + ''i''] * {{cite journal|title=Intensitas vis magneticae terrestris ad mensuram absolutam revocata|journal=Commentationes Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Gottingensis Recentiores|volume=8|year=1832|pages=3–44}} [http://www.21stcenturysciencetech.com/translations/gaussMagnetic.pdf English translation] * 1843/44: ''Untersuchungen über Gegenstände der Höheren Geodäsie. Erste Abhandlung'', Abhandlungen der Königlichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften in Göttingen. Zweiter Band, pp.&nbsp;3–46 * 1846/47: ''Untersuchungen über Gegenstände der Höheren Geodäsie. Zweite Abhandlung'', Abhandlungen der Königlichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften in Göttingen. Dritter Band, pp.&nbsp;3–44 * ''Mathematisches Tagebuch 1796–1814'', Ostwaldts Klassiker, [[Verlag Harri Deutsch]] 2005, mit Anmerkungen von Neumamn, {{isbn|978-3-8171-3402-1}} (English translation with annotations by Jeremy Gray: Expositiones Math. 1984) == Hilingon man == * [[Gaussian elimination]] * [[German inventors and discoverers]] * [[List of things named after Carl Friedrich Gauss]] * [[Romanticism in science]] * [[Seconds pendulum]] * [[Gauss (unit)]] == Mga toltolan == === Mga Nota === {{notelist}} === Citations === {{Reflist}} === Ginikanan === {{refbegin}} * {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4mwSrfxBSzkC|title=Carl Friedrich Gauss: Titan of Science|last=Dunnington|first=G. Waldo|publisher=The Mathematical Association of America|year=2004|isbn=978-0-88385-547-8|oclc=53933110|author-link=G. Waldo Dunnington}} * {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OPyPwaElDvUC&pg=PA82|title=An Imaginary Tale: The Story of √-1|last=Nahin|first=Paul J.|date=2010|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-1-4008-3389-4}} {{Refend}} === Magbasa pa lalo === {{refbegin|2|indent=yes}} * {{Cite book|title=Gauss: A Biographical Study|url=https://archive.org/details/gaussbiographica0000buhl|last=Bühler|first=Walter Kaufmann|publisher=Springer-Verlag|year=1987|isbn=978-0-387-10662-5}} * {{cite book|title=Disquisitiones Arithmeticae|title-link=Disquisitiones Arithmeticae|last=Gauss|first=Carl Friedrich|publisher=Yale University Press|others=tr. Arthur A. Clarke|year=1965|isbn=978-0-300-09473-2}} * {{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/carlfriedrichgau00tord|title=Carl Friedrich Gauss: A Biography|last=Hall|first=Tord|publisher=[[MIT Press]]|year=1970|isbn=978-0-262-08040-8|location=Cambridge, MA|oclc=185662235}} * {{cite book|title=Die Vermessung der Welt|title-link=Measuring the World|last=Kehlmann|first=Daniel|publisher=Rowohlt|year=2005|isbn=978-3-498-03528-0|oclc=144590801}} * {{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/gauss00waltgoog|title=Gauss: A Memorial|last=Sartorius von Waltershausen|first=Wolfgang|publisher=S. Hirzel|year=1856|author-link=Wolfgang Sartorius von Waltershausen}} * {{cite book|title=The Giant Book of Scientists: The 100 Greatest Minds of All Time|last=Simmons|first=J.|publisher=The Book Company|year=1996|location=Sydney}} * {{cite book|title=The Prince of Mathematics: Carl Friedrich Gauss|url=https://archive.org/details/princeofmathemat0000mbwt|last=Tent|first=Margaret|publisher=A.K. Peters|year=2006|isbn=978-1-56881-455-1}} * {{cite EB1911|wstitle=Gauss, Karl Friedrich}} {{Refend}} == Panluwas na takod == {{commons|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß}} * [https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/volumes/id/PPN235957348 Carl Friedrich Gauss Werke] – 12 vols., published from 1863–1933 * [http://www.gausschildren.org Gauss and his children] * [http://www.corrosion-doctors.org/Biographies/GaussBio.htm Gauss biography] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714225917/http://www.corrosion-doctors.org/Biographies/GaussBio.htm |date=2007-07-14 }} * [http://fermatslasttheorem.blogspot.com/2005/06/carl-friedrich-gauss.html Carl Friedrich Gauss] – Biography at Fermat's Last Theorem Blog * [http://www.idsia.ch/~juergen/gauss.html Gauss: mathematician of the millennium], by [[Jürgen Schmidhuber]] * [[iarchive:gauss00waltgoog|English translation of Waltershausen's 1862 biography]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20040728015519/http://gauss.info/ Gauss] general website on Gauss * [http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/MNRAS/0016//0000080.000.html MNRAS '''16''' (1856) 80] Obituary * [http://www-personal.umich.edu/~jbourj/money1.htm Carl Friedrich Gauss on the 10 Deutsche Mark banknote] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111213071452/http://www-personal.umich.edu/~jbourj/money1.htm |date=2011-12-13 }} * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00ss0lf "Carl Friedrich Gauss"] in the series ''A Brief History of Mathematics'' on BBC 4 * {{cite web|last=Grimes|first=James|title=5050 And a Gauss Trick|url=http://www.numberphile.com/videos/one_to_million.html|work=Numberphile|publisher=[[Brady Haran]]|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130411122756/http://www.numberphile.com/videos/one_to_million.html|archive-date=11 April 2013|url-status=dead}} * [https://www.uni-goettingen.de/en/62596.html Carl Friedrich Gauß] at the Göttingen University {{tamboan}} [[Kategorya:Mga matematiko]] 7fg2u9fzpevx6vjtj37y4ijqyd7t61h 0 47196 310104 275741 2026-09-03T01:36:54Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 310104 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Ladawan:Inmaculada Concepción (Tiepolo).jpg|thumb|Imaculada Concepcion]] An '''Imaculada Concepcion''' iyo an pagtubod na si Birhen [[Maria, ina ni Hesus|Maria]] libre sa orihinal na kasalan poon pa kan siya mangidam.[1] ini sa apat na mga doktrinang Mariano kan Simbahan Katoliko.[2] Debate sa paagi kan [[medieval]] theologians, dae ini tinukoy bilang sarong [[dogma]] hanggang 1854,[3] ni Pope Pius IX sa [[Papal bull na Ineffabilis Deus|papal bull na ''Ineffabilis Deus'']][4] Habang iginiit kan Immaculate Conception an kalayaan ni Maria poon sa orihinal na kasalanan, an Konseho nin Trent, na ginanap sa pagitan nin 1545 asin 1563, na dati nang pinagtibay an saiyang kalayaan poon sa personal na kasalanan. An Imaculada Concepcion [7] popular na tema sa literatura,[6] alagad an saiyang pagiging abstract inferentity nangahulogan kaini hanggan sa punto de vistang ini kan mga gibo nin arte. ladawan kan '''Our Lady of the Imaculada Concepcion''' nagpapaheling ki Maria na nakatindog, may mga takyag na nakauldot o nagkiray - abrasa sa pamibi. aldaw nin pista kan Imaculada Concepcion Disyembre 8. dakol na Protestanteng iglesia isinikwal an doktrina kan Imaculada Concepcion bilang bakong sono sa Kasuratan, minsan ngani inaako iyan nin nagkapirang Anglicano bilang banal na debosyon.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.episcopalchurch.org/glossary/immaculate-conception/|title=An Episcopal Dictionary of the Church, A User Friendly Reference for Episcopalians|chapter=Immaculate Conception|access-date=3 May 2022|via=[[Episcopal Church (United States)|Episcopal Church]]|archive-date=30 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221130134828/https://www.episcopalchurch.org/glossary/immaculate-conception/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> mga opinyon sa Immaculada Concepcion sa Oriental Orthodox: Shenouda III, Papa kan Iglesia Crostic Ortodokso, kinontra an katokdoan na iyan, siring man si Patriarkar Ignacio Zakka I kan Iglesya Syriac Ortodoks; inako ini kan Eritrean asin Theacher Tewahedo.[1] ini inaako kan Eastern Orthodoxy huli sa pagkakaiba-iba sa pagkasabot kan orihinal na kasalan, maski ngani pinapatunayan ninda an kadalisayan asin pagkapreserbar ni Maria sa kasalan.[1] Patriarch [[:en:Anthimus_VII_of_Constantinople|Anthimus VII]] kan [[Constantinople]] (1827-1913) midbid sa doktrina kan Immaculada Concepcion bilang sarong "Roman nobela".[1] == Hinalean == === Anne, ina ni Maria, asin orihinal na kasalan === [[Anne]], an ina ni Maria, enot na nagluwas sa ika-2 siglong Apokrath [[Gospel of James]], asin minukna kan autor an saiyang estorya paagi nin pagdrowing dapit sa mga tauhan sa Griego kan pagkaniaki nin mga heroe asin manongod sa istorya kan Lumang Tipan ki Hannah (hilngon an ngaran na Anna/Anne), an ina kan biblical [[:en:Samuel|Samuel]].[15] [16] asin an saiyang agom, si [[:en:Joachim|Joachim]], nasa luwas na kan saindang mga pamibi asin si Maria dinadangog nin Dios. laog kan Ebanghelyo [17] Santiago, an ideyang iyan nangyayari na mayo nin seksuwal na pakikidorog ki Anne asin Joachim, na kaoyon nanggad sa Ebanghelyo ni James na daing ontok na idinodoon an sagradong kadalisayan ni Maria, alagad dai patienot na pinalalakop kan estorya an ideya nin sarong immaculada konsepto. kagsurat kan Ebanghelyo ni Santiago tibaad ibinasar an pagkasaysay na ini manongod sa pangingidam ki Maria dapit sa isinurat ni Juan Bautista bilang isinaysay sa Ebanghelyo ni Lucas.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archpitt.org/the-immaculate-conception-the-conception-of-st-anne-when-she-conceived-the-holy-mother-of-god-according-to-the-ruthenian-tradition/|title=The Immaculate Conception: The Conception of St Anne 'When She Conceived the Holy Mother of God' According to the Ruthenian Tradition|publisher=[[Byzantine Catholic Archeparchy of Pittsburgh]]|series=Byzantine Leaflet Series|access-date=6 December 2022}}</ref> Subangan <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hopko, Thomas. ''The Winter Pascha'' Chapter 9, Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America |url=http://ww1.antiochian.org/node/18597 |access-date=2024-02-03 |archive-date=2021-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302142848/http://ww1.antiochian.org/node/18597 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Ortodoks Church nangangaputan na "Si Maria pinagpapakahulogan kan saiyang mga magurang habang kita gabos inapi". === Pormulasyon nin medyebal === [[Ladawan:Lusenberg-Immaculata-1876.jpg|thumb|Altar kan ''Immaculata'' ni Jose Lusenberg, 1876, na pigrepresentar an Our Lady of the Immaculada Concepcion, sa Simbahan ni San Antony, Urtijëi, Italya]] Pag- abot kan ika - 4 na siglo an ideya na si Maria mayo nin kasalan sa pankagabosan mas lakop, alagad pinalataw kan orihinal na kasalan kun baga sia man talingkas sa pagkakasalang ipinamana hale ki Adam. [26] nagin grabeng dahel[25] kan an bangkete sa saiyang pangingidam nagpoon na selebraron sa Inglaterra kaidtong ika - 11 siglo, asin pinonan na iselebrar kan mga kalaban an sarong kapiestahan kan ideya ni Maria manongod sa bagay na kun paanong makasalan an seksuwal na pakikidorog, tanganing iselebrar an konsepto ni Maria iyo an pagselebrar nin kasalan. pista kan pangingidam [25] Maria naggikan sa Iglesia Oriental kan ika - 7 siglo, nakaabot sa Inglaterra kan ika-11, asin poon duman naglakop sagkod Europa, kun saen iyan itinaong opisyal na pag - aprobar kan 1477 asin ipinaabot sa bilog na simbahan kan 1693; an terminong "inmaculada" dai opisyal na idinagdag sa ngaran kan punsion sagkod 1854. [[Ladawan:Virgilio_Tojetti_1877_Our_Lady_of_Lourdes.jpg|thumb|[[:en:Our_Lady_of_Lourdes|Our Lady of Lourdes]]'s [[:en:Lourdes_apparitions|9th]] aparition, 25 Pebrero 1858, ni Virgilio Tojett (1877), pagkatapos kan pagladawan ni Bernadette Soubirous. ni Soubirous an Lady pinagbisto an sadiri bilang "Immacute Concepcion".]] == Hilingon pa == ** [[:en:Feast_of_the_Immaculate_Conception|Feast of the Immaculate Conception]] ** [[:en:Act_for_the_Immaculate_Conception_of_Mary|Act for the Immaculate Conception of Mary]] ** [[:en:Cathedral_of_the_Immaculate_Conception_(disambiguation)|Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception (disambiguation)]] ** [[:en:Church_of_the_Immaculate_Conception_(disambiguation)|Church of the Immaculate Conception (disambiguation)]] ** [[:en:Patronages_of_the_Immaculate_Conception|Patronages of the Immaculate Conception]] ** [[:en:Congregation_of_the_Immaculate_Conception|Congregation of the Immaculate Conception]] ** [[:en:Marian_doctrines_of_the_Catholic_Church|Marian doctrines of the Catholic Church]] ** [[:en:Marian_Fathers_of_the_Immaculate_Conception|Marian Fathers of the Immaculate Conception]] ** [[:en:Mother_of_God_(Roman_Catholic)|Mother of God (Roman Catholic)]] ** [[:en:Perpetual_virginity_of_Mary|Perpetual virginity of Mary]] ** [[:en:Roman_Catholic_Marian_art|Roman Catholic Marian art]] == <span class="mw-headline">Toltolan</span> == <references /> {{Tamboan}}{{Portal|Catholicism|Christianity}} 70deaubrmoxrxufb910in7av1d1lvu2 0 47521 310098 271791 2026-09-02T16:56:24Z Kj1595 29347 310098 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox tawo|name=Shote Galica|image=Azem Galica and Shota Galica.jpg|caption=Azem Galica and [[Shota Galica]]|birth_name=Qerime Halil Radisheva|birth_date={{birth date|df=yes|1895|11|10}}|birth_place=[[Drenicë]], [[Kosovo Vilayet]], [[Ottoman Empire]] (today [[Kosovo]])|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|1927|7|1|1895|11|10}}|death_place=[[Fushë-Krujë]], [[Albanian Republic (1925–1928)|Albanian Republic]] (today Albania)|awards=[[File:Titulli "Hero i Popullit".png|17px]] [[Hero of the People (Albania)|Hero of the People]]|spouse=[[Azem Galica]]|module={{Infobox military person |embed = yes |embed_title = Military career |allegiance = {{Plainlist | *[[Kachak]] (1915–1927) }} |branch = [[Albania]]n guerrilla, ([[Kachak]]) |serviceyears = 1915–1927 |rank = Commander |battles = [[Balkan Wars]]<br /> [[Drenica-Dukagjin Uprisings]] }}}} Si '''Shote Galica''' (10 Nobyembre 1895 &#x2D; 1 Hulyo 1927), namundag bilang '''Qerime Radisheva''', sarong [[:en:Kachak|Kachak]]Albanianong insurgent. Siya idineklarar na Heroe kan Albania.<ref name="Elsie">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fnbw1wsacSAC&pg=PA63|title=Historical Dictionary of Kosova|last=Elsie, Robert|publisher=The Scarecrow Press|year=2004|isbn=0-8108-5309-4|pages=63|author-link=Robert Elsie}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pgf6GWJxuZgC&q=shote+galica+lindi|title=A Biographical Dictionary of Albanian History|last=Elsie|first=Robert|date=2013|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=9781780764313|language=en}}</ref> == Biograpiya == Namundag siya sa baryo Radisheve kan rehiyon nin Drenica sa [[Kosobo|Kosovo]] na parte kaidto kan Imperyong Ottoman. Tugang niya ini na may 6 na tugang. An naagom niya iyo si Azem Galica kan 1915.<ref>{{Citation|title=Shote Galica / Qerime Halili 1895 - 1927}}</ref> Kan 1919 nag-entra si Shote, sa Uping nin Dukagjin asin sa Junik kan 1921-23. Kan 1925 pakagadan kan agom niyang Si Azem Galica, siya na an nag'ama bilang pamayo kan saiyang banda asin naglaban kaiba si Bajram Curri sa [[Has of Prizren]] asin Lumë. Naroromdoman siya huli ta nasikwit niya an sarong Serb military kumander asin magkapirang soldados sa [[:en:Çikatova|Çikatova]], kan Hulyo 1927, naghubo' siya sa Albania asin naggastos kan ultimo niyang mga bulan sa [[Fushë-Kruja]], kun saen nagadan siya sa edad na 31. Nagigirumduman sya sa pagsabing An buhay na mayong kaaraman garo giyerang mayo nin armas.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pg-aeA-nUeAC&pg=PA107|title=Historical Dictionary of Kosovo|last=Elsie|first=Robert|date=2010-11-15|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=9780810874831|language=en}}</ref> An mga taga Albania tinatawan nin onra si Galica huli sa pagdepensa kan nasyonal na katuyohan, na sinineselebrar sia bilang martir kan nasyon.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2022)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> Siya saro sa mga pangenot na tema kan koleksyon nin komposisyon na No Man's Lands: walong ekstraordinaryong kababaihan sa kasaysayan Balan, kan mga parasurat na Anglo-Kosovan na si Elizabeth Gowing asin Robert Wilton. == Pamilya == Kan Hulyo 1924 siya nag'entra sa laban para ki Drenica (''Arbania e Vogël'', Little Albania). Kan Hulyo 1925 pagkagadan kan saiyang agom na Si Azem Galica, sia padagos na nakipaglaban asin nangenot sa mga parapakilaban na Albaniano sa [[Kosobo|Kosovo]]. Kaiba an ginatos na parapakilaban hale sa dating Kosovo Vilayet kan Disyembre 1924, nakipaglaban an nag - aarbension na mga hukbo tumang sa puersang Royal Yugoslav. == Hilingon pa == * [[:en:Kachaks|Kachaks]] == Mga Toltolan == <references /> {{Tamboan}} [[Kategorya:1895 nagkamurundag]] p5fuzlvtbfllnkyqi5zn2a4ti6im7rj 0 55902 310092 310088 2026-09-02T14:23:50Z ~2026-47620-00 32778 310092 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Alex Eala (2024 US Open) 02 (cropped).jpg|right|thumb|250px|Si Alex Eala]] Si '''Alexandra "Alex" Maniego Eala{{Efn|1=**Pagbigkas sa Filipino:** /ɛˈjalɐ/ - **/ɛ/** = **eh** arog sa *ehersisyo* - **/ˈja/** = **ya** na may diin, arog sa *yakap* - **/l/** = **l** arog sa *liwanag* - **/ɐ/** = **uh/ah** na maikli, arog sa hulíng tunog kan *bata* - Binibigkas bilang **eh-YA-lah**}}''' (namundag Mayo 23, 2005 sa Lungsod nin Quezon) sarong Pilipinang propesyonal na parasali sa tenis. Naabot niya an ika-18 na ranggo sa kinaban huli sa WTA kan Agosto 24, 2026, an pinakamataas na ranggo na naabot nin sarong Pilipino.<ref>De Guzman, Alyana (August 24, 2026) "[https://www.abs-cbn.com/entertainment/showbiz/celebrities/2026/8/24/alex-eala-now-world-s-no-18-and-the-highest-ranked-southeast-asian-in-wta-singles-history-1953 Alex Eala now World’s No. 18 and the highest-ranked Southeast Asian in WTA Singles history.] " ABS CBN News. Retrieved August 24, 2026.</ref> Siya ay nagwagi nin mga junior Grand Slam titles sa doubles asin singles, nakapundar nin mga titulo sa ITF circuit, asin sa propesyonal na karera nakamit niya an WTA 500 asin WTA 125 titles, kasabay kan saiyang pinakamagayon na resulta sa Grand Slam na ikaapat na round kan Wimbledon 2026.<ref name="WTA-profile2" /> {| class="wikitable" |+ | colspan="2" | [[Ladawan:Ealas_and_Patrick_Gregorio_(cropped_Alexandra_Eala).jpg|alt=Si Alex Eala sa SEA Gam3s 2025|sentro|334x334px]] |- | Pangaran || Alexandra Eala |- | Bug-os na pangaran || Alexandra Maniego Eala |- | Nasyon || Filipinas |- | Namundag || Mayo 23, 2005 |- | Lugar nin pagkatawo || Quezon City, Filipinas |- | Ka-taasan || 1.75 m |- | Nagpro || Marso 2020 |- | Estilo nin pagdulag || Ka-iwa (duwang kamot na backhand) |- | Coach || Joan Bosch |- | Premyo sa karera || US$3,045,990 |- | Singles record || 232/137 |- | Singles titles || 1 WTA |- | Pinaka-taas na singles ranking || No. 18 (Agosto 24, 2026) |- | Kasalukuyang singles ranking || No. 18 (Agosto 24, 2026) |- | Doubles record || 49-50 |- | Doubles titles || 0 |- | Pinaka-taas na doubles ranking || No. 88 (Mayo 4, 2026) |- | Kasalukuyang doubles ranking || No. 124 (Agosto 24, 2026) |- | Australian Open (Singles) || 1R (2026) |- | French Open (Singles) || 1R (2025, 2026) |- | Wimbledon (Singles) || 4R (2026) |- | US Open (Singles) || 2R (2025) |- | Australian Open (Doubles) || 1R (2026) |- | French Open (Doubles) || 2R (2025) |- | Wimbledon (Doubles) || 1R (2025, 2026) |- | Huring update || Agosto 24, 2026 |- ! colspan="2" | Medalya |- | SEA Games || * Ginto – 2025 Thailand (Isahan) * Bronse – 2025 Thailand (Team) * Bronse – 2025 Thailand (Halu-halong pares) * Bronse – 2021 Vietnam (Isahan) * Bronse – 2021 Vietnam (Halu-halong pares) * Bronse – 2021 Vietnam (Team) |- | Asian Games || * Bronse – 2022 Hangzhou (Isahan) * Bronse – 2022 Hangzhou (Halu-halong pares) |} == Karera == === Mga Juniors === Si Eala nagdaog sa Les Petits As kan 2018,<ref>{{Cite news|date=January 28, 2018|title=Lilov & Eala win at Les Petits As|url=https://www.tenniseurope.org/news/117748/Lilov-Eala-win-at-Les-Petits-As|access-date=May 31, 2026|website=Tennis Europe}}</ref> nagdaog nin Orange Bowl doubles<ref>{{Cite news|date=December 17, 2019|title=Better chemistry sparked teen tennis star Alex Eala's win at Orange Bowl Doubles|url=https://www.spin.ph/life/guide/alex-eala-caps-off-2019-with-orange-bowl-doubles-title-a2442-20191217|access-date=May 31, 2026|website=Spin.ph}}</ref> asin dalawahan na junior Grand Slam doubles titles sa Australian Open 2020 asin French Open 2021.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Go|first=Beatrice Lauren|date=January 31, 2020|title=Alex Eala wins first juniors Grand Slam title in 2020 Australian Open|url=https://www.rappler.com/sports/250682-australian-open-junior-doubles-finals-game-results-alex-eala-priska-nugroho-january-31-2020/|access-date=January 31, 2020|website=Rappler|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=June 12, 2021|title=Alex Eala, Selekhmeteva crowned 2021 French Open girls doubles champions|url=https://www.rappler.com/sports/alex-eala-oksana-selekhmeteva-2021-french-open-juniors-girls-doubles-champions/|access-date=May 31, 2026|website=Rappler}}</ref> Kan 2022, siya an enot na Filipino na nagdaog nin junior Grand Slam singles title sa US Open.<ref name="WTA-profile2" /><ref>{{Cite news|date=September 11, 2022|title=History for PH as Alex Eala captures US Open girls' singles crown|url=https://www.rappler.com/sports/final-results-alex-eala-lucie-havlickova-us-open-september-10-2022/|access-date=May 31, 2026|website=Rappler}}</ref> [[File:Alex Eala (2024 US Open) 02 (cropped).jpg|right|thumb|260px|Si Alex Eala sa 2024 US Open]] === Propesyonal === Si Alex Eala nagin propesyonal kan 2020 sa ITF Women’s Circuit sa Spain asin Tunisia.<ref name="WTA-profile2">{{cite news|title=WTA: Alexandra Eala|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/330332/alexandra-eala|access-date=25 March 2026|website=Women's Tennis Association|language=en}}</ref> Kan 2021, nakuha niya an enot niyang singles title sa ITF W15 Manacor.<ref>{{cite news|date=January 5, 2021|title=Eala, 15, earns praise from Nadal after winning first ITF pro title|url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/eala-15-earns-praise-from-nadal-after-winning-first-itf-pro-title/|website=ITF tennis|access-date=January 12, 2026}}</ref> Kan 2022, nagdugang siya nin titulo sa ITF W25 Chiang Rai, asin nakaabot sa finals asin semifinals sa W60 Madrid asin Vitoria-Gasteiz.<ref name="ITFtitles">{{cite news|title=Eala ITF titles|url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/alexandra-eala/800511432/phi/wt/s/titles/#pprofile-info-tabs|website=ITF tennis|access-date=October 5, 2025}}</ref> Kan 2023, nagdaug siya sa ITF W15 Yecla asin ITF W25 Roehampton, asin nagin enot niyang pagsali sa qualifying draw nin Australian Open.<ref name="WTA-profile2" /> Kan 2024, nakuha niya an pinakamalaking ITF singles crown sa W100 Vitoria-Gasteiz asin tatlong doubles titles.<ref name="ITFtitles" /> Kan 2025, nagin makusog an performance niya sa Miami Open kun sain natalo niya sinda Ostapenko, Keys, asin Świątek bago matalo kay Pegula sa semifinals.<ref>{{cite news |last=Futterman |first=Matthew |date=March 28, 2025 |title=Alexandra Eala's wild run in Miami comes to an end in semifinals loss to Jessica Pegula |work=The New York Times}}</ref> Sa Eastbourne Open, nakaabot siya sa final pero natalo kay Joint.<ref>{{cite news |last=Clarito |first=Ariel Ian |date=June 28, 2025 |title=Alex Eala comes inches short in heartbreaking final as Maya Joint rules Eastbourne Open |work=Rappler}}</ref> Nakuha niya an enot niyang WTA singles title sa Guadalajara 125 Open.<ref>{{cite news |date=September 7, 2025 |title=Alex Eala wins first WTA singles title with comeback victory at Guadalajara 125 Open |work=One Sports}}</ref> Sa US Open debut, nakaabot siya sa ikaduwang round, asin nagin quarterfinalist asin semifinalist sa iba pang doubles events.<ref>{{cite news |date=August 24, 2025 |title=Eala upsets Tauson at US Open; 1st from Philippines to win major match |work=ESPN}}</ref> Natapos an taon sa No. 50 sa singles asin No. 160 sa doubles.<ref>{{cite news |last=Morales |first=Luisa |date=November 3, 2025 |title=Alex Eala enters WTA Top 50 to culminate 2025 season |work=One Sports}}</ref> Kan 2026, nagin mas makasaysayan an karera niya. Nakuha niya an enot na WTA 500 title sa Washington Open matapos talunin si Pegula, nag-abot sa career-high ranking na No. 20.<ref name="WTA-profile2" /> Sa Berlin Open, nakaabot siya sa semifinals matapos talunin sinda Rybakina asin Svitolina. Sa Auckland asin Abu Dhabi, nagin semifinalist asin quarterfinalist. Sa Indian Wells asin Miami, nakaabot siya sa ika-apat na round, asin sa Wimbledon nagin makasaysayan an pagtalubo niya sa defending champion Świątek bago matalo sa ika-apat na round. Nakaabot man siya sa ika-apat na round sa Canadian Open.<ref name="WTA-profile2" /> Sa clay season, an pinakamataas niyang resulta iyo an third round sa Italian asin Cincinnati. Sa Philippine Women’s Open asin Dubai Championships, nakaabot siya sa quarterfinals.<ref name="WTA-profile2" /> Sa grass season, nagdaug siya nin ikaduwang WTA 125 title sa Birmingham Open, alagad sa Australian Open natapos siya sa enot na round.<ref name="WTA-profile2" /> == Ibang larangan == === Pambansang Representasyon === [[File:Alex Eala (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright=.7|Si Eala na may bronze medals sa 2021 SEA Games]] Si Eala nagrepresentar kan Pilipinas sa iba’t ibang torneo. Nakua niya an bronze sa singles, team, asin mixed doubles sa 2021 SEA Games,{{Efn|Na-postpone sa 2022 huli sa COVID-19 pandemic.}} asin bronze liwat sa singles asin mixed doubles sa 2022 Asian Games.<ref>{{cite news |last=Payo |first=Jasmine |date=September 29, 2023 |title=Alex Eala bags 2nd Asian Games bronze with Alcantara in doubles |work=Rappler}}</ref> Noong 2024, pinangunahan niya an Team Philippines sa Billie Jean King Cup, nagdaog nin 5–0 sweep asin na-promote sa Group II.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Morales |first=Luisa |date=December 2, 2024 |title=Alex Eala relishes leading Team Philippines to BJK Cup promotion in Bahrain |work=One Sports}}</ref> Dai siya nakaapod sa national squad noong 2025 asin 2026.<ref>{{Cite news |date=June 10, 2025 |title=Team Philippines eyes promotion in Billie Jean King Cup |work=ABS-CBN News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Castillejo |first=Dyan |date=June 22, 2026 |title=Philippine BJK Cup team returns home after historic Group I promotion |work=ABS-CBN News}}</ref> Sa 2025 SEA Games sa Thailand, nagdaog siya nin gold sa singles, asin bronze sa mixed doubles asin team events.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Agcaoili |first=Lance |date=December 18, 2025 |title=Alex Eala wins SEA Games tennis gold, ends long drought for PH |work=Philippine Inquirer}}</ref> === Mga Sponsorship === Nagsadì si Eala sa mga endorsements sa edad na walo bilang ambassador kan Globe Telecom.<ref>{{cite news |date=July 21, 2025 |title=Alex Eala Opens Up About Life, Wins, & What Keeps Her Going |url=https://www.globe.com.ph/about-us/newsroom/corporate/alex-eala-meet-and-greet |access-date=January 12, 2026 |website=Globe |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250810101245/https://www.globe.com.ph/about-us/newsroom/corporate/alex-eala-meet-and-greet |archive-date=August 10, 2025 |url-status=live}}</ref> Suportado siya nin Babolat halì pa sa saiyang karera bilang junior,<ref>{{cite news |last=Canniza |first=Annika |title=3 Essentials that Alex Eala Always Brings to the Court |url=https://thegame-onemega.com/fitness/equipment/3-essentials-that-alex-eala-always-brings-to-the-court/ |date=January 24, 2025 |website=The Game |publisher=One Mega |access-date=April 23, 2025 |archive-date=November 2, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241102185049/https://thegame-onemega.com/fitness/equipment/3-essentials-that-alex-eala-always-brings-to-the-court/ |url-status=live}}</ref> asin nagsurat nin kontrata sa Nike kan 2019.<ref>{{cite news |last=Caniza |first=Annika |date=March 6, 2023 |title=Look: Nike Customizes Alex Eala Kicks to Commemorate US Open Victory |url=https://thegame-onemega.com/lifestyle/look-nike-customizes-alex-eala-kicks-to-commemorate-us-open-victory/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241213094932/https://thegame-onemega.com/lifestyle/look-nike-customizes-alex-eala-kicks-to-commemorate-us-open-victory/ |archive-date=December 13, 2024 |access-date=April 23, 2025 |website=The Game |publisher=One Mega}}</ref> Kan 2022, siya nagin endorser kan Bank of the Philippine Islands.<ref>{{cite news |title=Champ's choice: Alex Eala signs up as BPI's newest endorser |url=https://bilyonaryo.com/2023/01/25/champs-choice-alex-eala-signs-up-as-bpis-newest-endorser/money/ |date=January 25, 2023 |access-date=July 2, 2025 |website=Bilyonaryo |archive-date=February 1, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201031436/https://bilyonaryo.com/2023/01/25/champs-choice-alex-eala-signs-up-as-bpis-newest-endorser/money/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Nag-aparecer man siya sa Vogue Philippines (2022) asin Tatler Philippines (2025).<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Sampayan |first=Jacs |title=In Her Court: Tennis Star Alex Eala Looks To The Future |url=https://vogue.ph/november-2022/in-her-court-tennis-star-alex-eala-looks-to-the-future/ |date=October 29, 2022 |access-date=April 23, 2025 |magazine=Vogue Philippines |archive-date= |archive-url= |url-status=}}</ref> Kan Hulyo 2025, tinawan siya nin Nike nin sampaguita-inspired hair tie sa saiyang Wimbledon debut,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Morales |first1=Luisa |title=Alex Eala gifted nod to Filipino roots with sampaguita hair tie ahead of Wimbledon debut |url=https://www.onesports.ph/more-sports/article/33451/sports-brand-gives-nod-to-alex-eala-s-filipino-roots-with-hair-tie-ahead-of-wimbledon-debut |website=One Sports |publisher=One Sports |date=July 1, 2025 |access-date=July 1, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250717221418/https://www.onesports.ph/more-sports/article/33451/sports-brand-gives-nod-to-alex-eala-s-filipino-roots-with-hair-tie-ahead-of-wimbledon-debut |archive-date=July 17, 2025 |url-status=live}}</ref> asin nagin ambassador kan Locally juice.<ref>{{cite news |title=Alex Eala and Locally: Champions for the Filipino Youth |url=https://www.manilatimes.net/2025/07/25/tmt-newswire/alex-eala-and-locally-champions-for-the-filipino-youth/2155545 |newspaper=The Manila Times |date=July 25, 2025 |access-date=July 31, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260315090310/https://www.manilatimes.net/2025/07/25/tmt-newswire/alex-eala-and-locally-champions-for-the-filipino-youth/2155545 |archive-date=March 15, 2026 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live }}</ref> Kan Agosto, naglunsar an Nike nin limitadong edisyon na shirt na dinisenyo ni Georgina Camus.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Burrack |first=Emily |title=Introducing Alex Eala |url=https://www.townandcountrymag.com/leisure/sporting/a65531205/alex-eala-interview-us-open-2025/ |magazine=Town & Country |date=August 18, 2025 |access-date=August 27, 2025 |archive-url= |url-status= |archive-date=}}</ref> Kan Pebrero 2026, siya nagin ambassador kan Milo Philippines,<ref>{{cite news |last=Manahan |first=Millie |date=February 23, 2026 |title=MILO Active Pilipinas launched with Eala as new ambassador |url=https://manilastandard.net/sports/314707229/milo-active-pilipinas-launched-with-eala-as-new-ambassador.html |access-date=February 24, 2026 |website=Manila Standard |archive-date=February 25, 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260225074346/https://manilastandard.net/sports/314707229/milo-active-pilipinas-launched-with-eala-as-new-ambassador.html |url-status=live}}</ref> asin kan Agosto nagin pangunahing mukha siya kan Marriott Bonvoy Asia Pacific campaign na “Tennis The World” asin ambassador man kan Panasonic.<ref>{{Cite magazine |title=Alex Eala Signs Up With Marriott Bonvoy |url=https://worldtennismagazine.com/alex-eala-signs-up-with-marriott-bonvoy/ |access-date=August 10, 2026 |magazine=World Tennis Magazine |archive-date= |archive-url= |url-status=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=August 28, 2026 |title="Alex Eala for Panasonic: Bringing excellence closer to home." |work=Panasonic Philippines |url=https://www.panasonic.com/ph/corporate/news/articles/20260828-alex-eala-for-panasonic-bringing-excellence-closer-to-home.html |access-date=August 28, 2026}}</ref> ==Mga pananda== {{notelist}} ==Toltolan== {{reflist}} ==Mga panluwas na takod== [https://www.instagram.com/alex.eala/ Pahinang opisyal ni Alexandra Eala sa Instagram] [https://www.wtatennis.com/players/330332/- Pahinang opisyal sa WTA ni Alexandra Eala] [https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/alexandra-eala/800511432/phi/wt/s/overview/ Pahinang opisyal sa ITF Women’s World Tennis ni Alexandra Eala] [[Kategorya:Mga Filipinong atleta sa tenis]] [[Kategorya:Mga babaeng Filipino sa isports nin tennis]] [[Kategorya:Mga parakawat tennis sa kinaban]] [[Kategorya:Mga Grand Slam na resipeyente sa kinaban]] kv34lept7vf1wpetrx8bzyzqh6h2h5s 0 56068 310103 309817 2026-09-02T23:56:23Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 310103 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|British-Kenyan physical geographer and anthropologist}} {{Infobox scientist | honorific_prefix = | name = Celia Nyamweru | honorific_suffix = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | image = <!--(filename only, i.e. without "File:" prefix)--> | image_size = | image_upright = | landscape = <!-- yes, if wide image, otherwise leave blank --> | alt = | caption = | birth_name = <!-- if different from "name" --> | birth_date = | birth_place = | death_date = | death_place = | death_cause = <!-- should only be included when the cause of death has significance for the subject's notability --> | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = <!--{{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline,title}}--> | other_names = | siglum = | pronounce = | citizenship = <!-- use only when necessary per [[WP:INFONAT]] --> | nationality = <!-- use only when necessary per [[WP:INFONAT]] --> | fields = Geography and anthropology of East Africa | workplaces = Kenyatta University, Kenya<br>St Lawrence University, NY. | patrons = | education = | alma_mater = [[Girton College, Cambridge]] (B.A., 1964; PhD., 1968) | thesis_title = Late Quaternary Lakes in the Nakuru-Elmenteita Basin, Kenya | thesis_url = | thesis_year = 1967 | doctoral_advisor = Dick Grove | academic_advisors = | doctoral_students = | awards = | author_abbrev_bot = | author_abbrev_zoo = | spouse = | partner = <!--(or | partners = )--> | children = }} Si '''Celia Nyamweru''' (nee Washbourn) sarong [[Heograpong pisikal|heograpong pisikal]] asin [[antropolohiya|antropologo]] na Briton-Kenyanon, bisto sa saiyang trabaho sa klima, kapalibutan asin kultura kan Sirangan na Aprika asin an [[Great Rift Valley, Kenya|Rift Valley]]. Siya propesor emerita sa [[St Lawrence University]], USA, asin propesor na pantabang sa [[Unibersidad nin Pwani]], [[Kenya]].<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/44507520.pdf|title=Reinventing Africa's National Heroes|last1=Carrier|first1=Neil|last2=Nyamweru|first2=Celia|journal=African Affairs|volume=115|year=2016|pages=599–620 |doi=10.1093/afraf/adw051 |jstor=44507520 }}</ref> ==Amay na buhay asin edukasyon== Si Nyamweru namundag na si Celia Washbourn sa London, asin nagdakula sa Belgium, Sweden asin Finland bago nag-eskwela sa hayskul sa London. Natapos niya an A-levels sa heograpiya, pisika asin matematika kan 1960, asin kan 1961 nagduman sa [[Girton College, Cambridge]] tanganing mag-adal nin heograpiya. Bilang sarong dai nakatapos, siya naimpluwensiyahan kan pagtukdo kan glasyologo na si [[Jean Grove]] asin heograpo [[Alfred Thomas Grove|Dick Grove]]. Pagkatapos kan saiyang bachelor's degree, si Nyamweru nagdanay sa Cambridge asin nakatapos nin sarong pag-aadal sa PhD sa mga danaw na may preskong tubig sa Kenya rift valley, sa irarom kan superbisyon ni Dick Grove. Natapos niya an saiyang PhD kan 1968, asin nagbalyo sa Kenya. Duman, nagtukdo siya sa mga eskwelahan sa laog nin kadikit na panahon asin, poon Enero sagkod Hunyo 1971, sarong Bisitang Katabang na Propesor nin Heograpiya sa [[Unibersidad kan Georgia, Atenas]], E.U.A. Dangan nagbalik si Nyamweru sa Kenya asin nagkua nin sarong lectureship sa [[Unibersidad nin Kenyatta]], [[Nairobi]].<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.geog.cam.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/landmark11.pdf|title=Alumni. Celia Nyamweru, Girton 1961-1968|work=Landmark|date=Autumn 2023|volume=11|pages=4–5}}</ref> She became a [[Kenya|Kenyan]] citizen in 1972.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://gtrcmc.ku.ac.ke/on-14th-august-2024-gtrcmc-ea-hosted-a-special-guest-prof-celia-nyamweru/|title=On 14th August 2024, GTRCMC-EA hosted a special guest, Prof Celia Nyamweru|via=The Global Tourism Resilience and Crisis Management Centre, Kenya (GTRCMC – EA)|access-date=2026-04-21|archive-date=2025-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250525012627/https://gtrcmc.ku.ac.ke/on-14th-august-2024-gtrcmc-ea-hosted-a-special-guest-prof-celia-nyamweru/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> ==Pagsiyasat asin karera== An tesis ni Nyamweru nakasentro sa heolohikong kasaysayan kan mga danaw gikan sa Kenya rift valley, asin partikularmente sa relasyon kan mga pagbabago sa lebel kan danaw asin mga baybayon sagkod sa huring [[Quaternary]] bilang indikasyon kan mga pagbabago sa klima. Ini, asin an mga sinundan na trabaho, nagdara sa nagkapirang publikasyon sa journal, kabali an mga papel na [[Nature (journal)|''Nature'']] asin [[Science (journal)|''Science'']].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Washbourn|first=C.|title=Lake Levels and Quaternary Climates in the Eastern Rift Valley of Kenya.|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_1967-11-18_216_5116/page/672|journal=Nature|volume=216|pages=672–673|year=1967|issue=5116 |doi=10.1038/216672a0 |bibcode=1967Natur.216..672W }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Late Quaternary Lakes in the Nakuru-Elmenteita Basin, Kenya|last=Washbourn-Kamau|first=C.K.|year=1971|journal=The Geographical Journal|volume=137|issue=4 |pages=522–535|doi=10.2307/1797148 |jstor=1797148 |bibcode=1971GeogJ.137..522W |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1797148|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Radiocarbon Dating of East African Lake Levels|first1=Karl W.|last1=Butzer|first2=Glynn L.|last2=Isaac|first3=Jonathan L.|last3=Richardson|first4=Celia|last4=Washbourn-Kamau|journal=Science |volume=175|year=1972|issue=4026 |pages=1069–1076|doi=10.1126/science.175.4026.1069 |jstor=1732788 |pmid=17797378 |bibcode=1972Sci...175.1069B |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1732788|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Si Nyamweru naglektura sa Kenyatta University, Kenya, sa laog nin 19 taon bago nagbalyo sa Estados Unidos kan 1991.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blog.oup.com/2016/09/african-scholars-publishing-celia-nyamweru/|title=Africa-based scholars in academic publishing: Q&A with Celia Nyamweru|work=OUPblog|date=September 9, 2016}}</ref> Sa saiyang pagsiyasat, siya nagsurat nin mahiwas manungod sa antropolohiya asin heograpiya kan [[Sirangan na Aprika]], asin nagtukdo sa mga tema kabali an mga kababaihan sa Sirangan na Aprika, mga isyu sa pag-uswag, asin mga pagmansay kan mga katutubo sa kapalibutan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.celianyamweru.com/My-story.html|title=Celia Nyamweru|website=www.celianyamweru.com}}</ref> Sa laog nin dakul na taon, nagkontribwir siya sa mga report nin aktibidad kan [[Tanzania|Tanzanian]] na bulkan [[Ol Doinyo Lengai]] sagkod sa [[Smithsonian Institution|Smithsonian institution's]] [[Global Volcanism Program]], asin sa mga ipinublikar na artikulo.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://volcano.si.edu/showreport.cfm?doi=10.5479/si.GVP.BGVN200603-222120|title=Report on Ol Doinyo Lengai (Tanzania) — March 2006 |journal=Global Volcanism Bulletin |doi=10.5479/si.GVP.BGVN200603-222120 |url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Nyamweru |first1=Celia |title=Activity of Ol Doinyo Lengai volcano, Tanzania, 1983–1987 |journal=Journal of African Earth Sciences (and the Middle East) |date=1 January 1988 |volume=7 |issue=4 |pages=603–610 |doi=10.1016/0899-5362(88)90110-8 |bibcode=1988JAfES...7..603N |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0899536288901108 |language=en |issn=0899-5362|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref> {{cite journal |last1=Nyamweru |first1=C |title=Observations on changes in the active crater of Ol Doinyo Lengai from 1960 to 1988 |journal=Journal of African Earth Sciences (and the Middle East) |date=1 January 1990 |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=385–390 |doi=10.1016/0899-5362(90)90017-9 |bibcode=1990JAfES..11..385N |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0899536290900179 |language=en |issn=0899-5362|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Durante kan saiyang karera, si Nyamweru nag-erok nin pirang panahon sa Cambridge bilang sarong research fellow sa [[Wolfson College, Cambridge]], kan 2003-2004; asin sa Oxford, bilang sarong bisitang kapwa sa [[St Hilda's College, Oxford]].<ref name="auto"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.st-hildas.ox.ac.uk/asset/st-hilda-s-chronicle-2022-23-online.pdf|title=St Hilda's Chronicle 2022-2023|page=33|year=2023}}</ref> ==Mga Publikasyon== Siring man sa pagpublikar nin mga artikulo sa pagsiyasat sa mga journal, si Nyameru nagsurat asin nag-edit nin nagkapirang libro asin monograpiya manungod sa pisikal na heograpiya asin kultural na antropolohiya kan Sirangan na Aprika. Nagsurat man siya nin mga libro para sa mga estudyante sa heograpiya sa eskwelahan. ===Mga piniling libro=== *{{cite book|title=Some traditions of the Akamba of Kenya|last=Nyamweru|first=Celia|year=2021|pages=258|publisher=Nairobi; Celia Nyamweru|isbn=9798753641663}} *{{cite book|title=African sacred groves : ecological dynamics & social change|last1=Sheridan|first1=Michael J.|last2=Nyamweru|first2=Celia|year=2008|publisher=Oxford : James Currey|pages=1–230|isbn=9781847014016}} *{{cite book|title= Rifts and Volcanoes: A Study of the East African Rift System|url= https://archive.org/details/riftsvolcanoesst0000celi_n2v2|last=Nyamweru|first=Celia|publisher=Nelson Africa|year=1980|isbn=0175114471}} ==Mga toltolan== {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Nyamweru, Celia}} lamvh620ja7z59pahwqjiipqebln1pb 0 56740 310106 309999 2026-09-03T04:18:00Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 310106 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Italic title}} {{Infobox film | name = Rizal sa Dapitan | image = | alt = | caption = | director = [[Tikoy Aguiluz]] | producer = Tikoy Aguiluz | screenplay = [[Pete Lacaba]] | story = {{Plainlist| * [[Lualhati Bautista]] * Tikoy Aguiluz * Noel Vera * Vic Torres * Mirana Medina-Bhunjun * Kim D. Wabwab * Marie Punerama * Alexandria D. Magiba * Elena Magdangal * Michelle Pangilinan }} | starring = {{ubl|[[Albert Martinez]]|Amanda Page}} | music = Nonong Buencamino | cinematography = {{ubl|Nap Jamir|[[Romy Vitug]]}} | editing = Mirana Medina-Bhunjun | studio = {{Plainlist| * Independent Cinema Association of the Philippines * [[PLDT]] * Movipix International }} | distributor = {{ubl|Falcon Films|[[Viva Entertainment|Viva Video]]}} | released = {{Film date|1997}} | runtime = 100 minuto | country = Pilipinas | language = {{Plainlist| *Filipino *Espanyol *Ingles }} | budget = | gross = }} An '''''Rizal sa Dapitan''''' (Ingles: ''Rizal in Dapitan'') iyo sarong Pilipinong pelikulang talambuhay kaidtong 1997 na sa direksyon ni Tikoy Aguiluz manungod sa apat na taon nin pagkakaapon kan propagandista asin makabanwang Pilipino na si [[José Rizal]] sa [[Dapitan]], na pinagbidahan ni [[Albert Martinez]] bilang Rizal asin ni [[Amanda Page]] bilang Josephine Bracken.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.spot.ph/shopping/shopping-sale-alerts/46442/reel-heroes-10-actors-who-played-them-in-movies|title=Reel Heroes: 10 Actors Who Played Them in Movies|publisher=[[Summit Media|Spot]]|date=August 30, 2010|access-date=February 26, 2020}}</ref> An iskrip iyo isinurat ni [[Pete Lacaba]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Israel|first=Lorna|date=2011|title="A Body in Permanent Transit. José Rizal's Exile as Spatial Performance"|url=http://www.manycinemas.org/Lorna_Israel/articles/mc02_Israel.html?file=tl_files/manycinemas/theme/issues/issue_02/pdf/mc02-israel.pdf|journal=Manycinemas 2|pages=54–66|access-date=2026-08-29|archivedate=2026-08-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260829041339/http://www.manycinemas.org/Lorna_Israel/articles/mc02_Israel.html%3Ffile%3Dtl_files/manycinemas/theme/issues/issue_02/pdf/mc02-israel.pdf}}</ref> == An Salaysay == [[Ladawan:Jose Rizal Shrine, Dapitan, Zamboanga del Norte.JPG|thumb|299x299px|An Dambana ni Rizal sa Dapitan]] Si José Rizal ipinaapon sa [[Dapitan]] kan 1892 asin nagpoon na umoyun sa saiyang bagong harong. Tinabangan niya an mga lokal na residente sa paagi kan pagtao nin libreng edukasyon sa gabos na aki asin nakipag-amigo sa sarong estudyante, si Jose Asiniero, sa prosesong ini. Nagtao man siya kan saiyang mga serbisyo bilang doktor asin pigbulong an saiyang ina na si Doña Teodora Alonzo, na binisita siya kaiba an saiyang mga tugang na babayi na si Maria asin Narcisa. Sa pag-agi kan saiyang pagkaapon, namidbid ni Rizal si [[Josephine Bracken]], na nag-iba sa saiyang amain na si George Taufer, na naghahanap nin bulong para sa saiyang pagkagadan kan mata. Namutan ni Bracken si Rizal asin kalaunan nagbalyo tanganing mag-istar sa saiyang harong, binayaan si Taufer. Nagdesisyon sindang magpakasal, alagad pigbalikan nin kasal sa simbahan huli sa mga motibong pampulitika. Nag-istar an mag-agom sa sarong relasyon na mayo sa kasal sa ibong kan enot na pagkontra kan pamilya ni Rizal, asin nagkaigwa sinda nin sarong gadan na aki na pinangaranan ni Rizal na Francisco. Pakalihis kaini, si [[Pio Valenzuela]], sarong representante kan [[Katipunan]], binisita siya asin ipinag-aram an mga plano kan grupo na magpoon nin rebolusyon, alagad tumang si Rizal na sumali sa sainda. Nagtatapos an pelikula sa paghali ni Rizal sa Dapitan tanganing magboluntaryo bilang doktor sa Cuba mantang nagtatangis an mga lokal sa saiyang paghali. Ipinaliwanag kan sarong epilogo an kasunod na pag-aresto ki Rizal, an saiyang paggadan asin an pag-usbong kan Rebolusyon na Pilipino hali digdi. == Mga Tauhan == * [[Albert Martinez]] bilang Dr. [[José Rizal]] * [[Amanda Page]] bilang [[Josephine Bracken]] * [[Roy Alvarez]] bilang Capt. Ricardo Carnicero * [[Jaime Fabregas]] bilang Fr. Francisco Paula de Sanchez * [[Candy Pangilinan]] bilang Maria Rizal * Tess Dumpit bilang Narcisa Rizal * [[Rustica Carpio]] bilang [[Teodora Alonso Realonda]] * [[Noni Buencamino]] bilang [[Pío Valenzuela]] * Carelle Manuela bilang Manuela Orlac * Soliman Cruz bilang Pablo Mercado * Junell Hernando bilang Jose "Josielito" D. Aseniero (estudyante ni Rizal asin sa futuro nagin gobernador kan [[Zamboanga del Norte]]) * Chris Michelena bilang Fr. Obach * Paul Holmes bilang George Tauffer == Produksyon == === Paghaman === Si Antonio Samson, na kaidto sarong senior vice president kan [[PLDT]], an nakaheling kan kaisipan na gumibo nin pelikula manungod sa panahon na si José Rizal ipinaapon sa Dapitan, asin dinara ini sa direktor na si [[Tikoy Aguiluz]].<ref name="MS">{{cite news|title=Tikoy's 'Dapitan' bats for Manila filmfest|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=8cBNEdFwSQkC&dat=19970603&printsec=frontpage&hl=en|access-date=June 9, 2020|work=[[Manila Standard]]|publisher=Kamahalan Publishing Organization|date=June 3, 1997|page=19}}</ref> === Produksyon === An pelikula ginibo nin kabilugan sa Syudad nin Dapitan, [[Zamboanga del Norte]] sa 16 mm na pelikula.<ref name="MS"/> Sagkod kan Hunyo 1997, an pelikula simpleng pinangaranan na Dapitan.<ref name="MS"/> Gusto kuta ni Aguiluz na gibuhon na mas halipot an pelikula para sa pagluwas sa telebisyon, alagad huri nagbago an desisyon niya, pinasunod an mga producer na palawigon ini para magin sarong bilog na pelikula.<ref name="MS"/> == Pagluwas == An ''Rizal sa Dapitan'' kaiba sa Manila Film Festival kan katahawaan nin 1997, kun saen nanggana ini nin 12 na premyo, kaiba an Rajah Sulayman Award para sa Best Picture.<ref name="MS2">{{cite news|title='Rizal sa Dapitan' preem set September 30|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=no8VAAAAIBAJ&sjid=bQsEAAAAIBAJ&pg=2291%2C1851169|access-date=July 6, 2023|work=[[Manila Standard]]|publisher=Kamahalan Publishing Corp.|date=September 17, 1997|page=22}}</ref> Minsan kaini, dai ini nagin matriyumpo sa negosyo sa takilya sa panahon kan pagluwas kaini sa mga sinehan.<ref name="MSMarchadesch">{{cite news|last=Marchadesch|first=Barbara|title=GMA's Cinemax offers blueprint for quality films|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=wJgVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=9woEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6780%2C384593|access-date=August 9, 2023|work=[[Manila Standard]]|publisher=Kamahalan Publishing Corp.|date=July 3, 1997|page=20|quote="...it is a little disheartening that few people saw ''Dapitan'', which is a beautiful movie."}}</ref> An [[GMA Network]], na naggigibo nin ibang pelikula dapit ki Rizal sa paagi kan sadiri niyang studio nin pelikula, an kuminua kan mga karapatan sa pagpapanibagong telebisyon kan ''Rizal sa Dapitan''.<ref name="MSMarchadesch"/> An internasyonal na bersyon kan pelikula nagkaigwa kan saiyang premiere kan Setyembre 30, 1997, sa Film Center kan [[Unibersidad kan Pilipinas Diliman]], na pinagbisto an pangyayari kaiba an subtitle na "Film Gift to the Nation".<ref name="MS2"/> Ipinasalida ini sa Brussels International Film Festival, kun saen nanggana ini kan Grand Jury Prize asin kan premyo para sa pinakamahusay na aktor para ki Albert Martinez.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Cruz |first=Marinel |date=2024-02-20 |title=Tikoy Aguiluz, director of 'Boatman' and 'Segurista,' dies at 72 |url=https://entertainment.inquirer.net/542518/tikoy-aguiluz-director-of-boatman-and-segurista-dies-at-72 |access-date=2024-06-25 |newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer |language=en}}</ref> == Hilingon man == * [[José Rizal (pelikula)]] * [[Bayaning 3rd World]] ==Toltolan== {{Reflist}} ==Mga panluwas na takod== *{{IMDb title|0125475}} {{saringsing}} t0nzyne0wyo0v9s212oovfeb55y3x5o 0 56741 310101 310019 2026-09-02T23:17:02Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 310101 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist |name=BGYO |background=group_or_band |image=BGYO (1), February 2023.jpg |image_upright=1.15 |caption=An BGYO kan Pebrero 2023 |alias=SHA Boys |origin=[[Manila]], [[Pilipinas]] |genre={{flatlist| * P-pop * R&B * Dance-pop * Pop rock }} |years_active=2021–Ngunyan |label=Star Music |website={{url|https://bgyo.abs-cbn.com/}} |current_members= * Gelo Rivera * Akira Morishita * JL Toreliza * Mikki Claver * Nate Porcalla }} An '''BGYO''' iyo sarong Filipinong ''boy band'' na pigbibilog nin limang miyembro: Gelo Rivera, Akira Morishita, JL Toreliza, Mikki Claver, asin Nate Porcalla. Nagpoon mag-ensayo an mga miyembro sa Star Hunt Academy kan 2018, asin opisyal na nagdebyu an grupo kan Enero 29, 2021 sa solong ''The Light''.<ref name="PEP2021">{{cite web|url=https://www.pep.ph/news/local/156445/bgyo-debut-a721-20210207|title=P-Pop group BGYO makes its debut|last=Tuazon|first=Nikko|work=PEP.ph|date=February 7, 2021|access-date=August 29, 2026}}</ref> Nagluwas an grupo nin duwang studio album, ''The Light'' asin ''Be Us'', bago magluwas nin sunod-sunod na mga EP arog kan ''BGYO'', ''Headlines'', asin ''On Demand''. == Pangaran == An pangaran na '''BGYO''' hale sa enot na mga letra kan Ingles na ekspresyon na “'''B'''ecoming the change, '''G'''oing further, '''Y'''ou and I, '''O'''riginally Filipino”. Nakakabit an pangaran sa ideya nin pagbabago, pag-abante, asin sa Filipinong identidad kan grupo.<ref name="Philstar2022">{{cite web|url=https://www.philstar.com/entertainment/2022/09/13/2209216/p-pop-group-bgyo-rise|title=P-Pop group BGYO is on the rise|last=Abunda|first=Boy|work=The Philippine Star|date=September 13, 2022|access-date=August 29, 2026}}</ref> == Karera == Kan 2018, an limang miyembro naglaog sa programa nin pagbansay kan Star Hunt Academy. Sa laog nin haros duwang taon, nag-ensayo sinda sa pagkanta, pagsayaw, asin pagperform sa entablado sa tabang nin mga Filipinong asin Sur na Koreanong trainer. Bago gamiton an pangaran na BGYO, bistado sinda bilang '''SHA Boys'''.<ref name="PEP2021" /> Kan Enero 29, 2021, nagluwas an grupo kan ''The Light'', na nagsirbing opisyal nindang debyu.<ref name="PEP2021" /> Sa taon man na iyan, kinanta ninda an temang kanta kan teleseryeng ''He's Into Her''. An kanta napili bilang pambansang naggana para sa Pilipinas sa kategoryang Best Theme Song sa Asian Academy Creative Awards 2021.<ref name="AACA2021">{{cite web|url=https://www.pep.ph/news/local/161058/asian-academy-awards-2021-a724-20211001|title=Asian Academy Creative Awards unveils 2021 national winners|work=PEP.ph|date=October 1, 2021|access-date=August 29, 2026}}</ref> Kan 2021, nagluwas man an BGYO kan enot nindang studio album na ''The Light''. Kaiba sa album an mga bersyon kan title track sa Hapones, Thai, Indones, asin Espanyol.<ref name="NMETheLight">{{cite web|url=https://www.nme.com/news/music/p-pop-groups-bini-and-bgyo-announce-upcoming-debut-albums-3058928|title=P-pop groups BINI and BGYO announce upcoming debut albums|last=Peters|first=Daniel|work=NME|date=September 30, 2021|access-date=August 29, 2026}}</ref> An ikaduwang studio album na ''Be Us'' nagluwas kan Nobyembre 3, 2022. Antes kan pagluwas kaini, ipinamidbid an ''Magnet'' asin ''PNGNP'' bilang mga kanta hale sa album.<ref name="NMEBeUs">{{cite web|url=https://www.nme.com/news/music/bgyo-announce-sophomore-album-beus-and-lead-singles-magnet-and-pngnp-3326168|title=BGYO announce sophomore album 'BE:US' and lead singles 'Magnet' and 'PNGNP'|last=Ng|first=Scott|work=NME|date=October 11, 2022|access-date=August 29, 2026}}</ref> Kan Marso 2025, nagluwas an grupo nin EP na may titulong ''BGYO''. An limang kanta kaini iyo an ''Divine'', ''Trash'', ''Light My Fire'', ''Heartstrings'', asin ''Andito Lang''.<ref name="BGYOEP2025">{{cite web|url=https://www.philstar.com/the-freeman/cebu-entertainment/2025/03/15/2428570/bgyos-songs-are-divine-new-self-titled-ep|title=BGYO's songs are 'Divine' in new self-titled EP|work=The Freeman|publisher=Philstar Global|date=March 15, 2025|access-date=August 29, 2026}}</ref> Kan Septiyembre kan parehong taon, nagsunod an EP na ''Headlines'', na may apat na kanta: ''All These Ladies'', ''Aloe Vera'', ''Dance With Me'', asin ''Headlines''.<ref name="Headlines2025">{{cite web|url=https://www.philstar.com/entertainment/music/2025/09/29/2476226/bgyo-releases-new-ep-prepares-1st-solo-concert|title=BGYO releases new EP, prepares for 1st solo concert|last=Severo|first=Jan Milo|work=Philstar.com|date=September 29, 2025|access-date=August 29, 2026}}</ref> Kan Oktubre 4, 2025, nagkaigwa an BGYO kan enot nindang solo concert sa New Frontier Theater.<ref name="SoloConcert2025">{{cite web|url=https://www.philstar.com/entertainment/2025/09/30/2476367/bgyo-ready-show-growth-first-solo-concert|title=BGYO ready to show growth in first solo concert|last=Pagulong|first=Charmie Joy|work=The Philippine Star|date=September 30, 2025|access-date=August 29, 2026}}</ref> Kan Hunyo 2026, nagluwas an grupo kan pitong-kantang EP na ''On Demand''. Segun sa ''Billboard Philippines'', pinaghalo kan proyekto an pop, R&B, neo-soul, funk, asin dance-pop.<ref name="OnDemand2026">{{cite web|url=https://billboardphilippines.com/music/news/bgyo-on-demand-ep-2026/|title=BGYO Serve Up Hits 'On Demand' In Latest EP – Listen|last=Manuel|first=Andrea|work=Billboard Philippines|date=June 4, 2026|access-date=August 29, 2026}}</ref> Sa sarong interbyu sa ''Bandwagon Asia'', sinabi kan mga miyembro na an saindang mga eksperyensya pagkatapos magdebyu nakatabang sa paghubog kan saindang pagtrabaho bilang grupo asin sa direksyon kan saindang musika.<ref name="Bandwagon2023">{{cite web|url=https://www.bandwagon.asia/articles/bgyo-be-us-interview-p-pop-album-showcase-abs-cbn-philippines-may-2023|title=BGYO on growing as a band, standing out, and their album 'Be Us'|last=Basbas|first=Franchesca Judine|work=Bandwagon Asia|date=May 3, 2023|access-date=August 29, 2026}}</ref> == Mga miyembro == * '''Gelo Rivera''' – lider * '''Akira Morishita''' * '''JL Toreliza''' * '''Mikki Claver''' * '''Nate Porcalla''' == Diskograpiya == '''Mga studio album''' * ''The Light'' (2021) * ''Be Us'' (2022) '''Mga EP''' * ''BGYO'' (2025) * ''Headlines'' (2025) * ''On Demand'' (2026) == Mga konsyerto == * ''Be The Light: The BGYO Launch'' (2021) * ''One Dream: The BINI and BGYO Concert'' (2021) * ''BGYO Now: The First Solo Concert'' (2025)<ref name="SoloConcert2025" /> == Toltolan == {{reflist|2}} {{Tamboan}} == Panluwas na takod == * {{Commons category-inline|BGYO|BGYO}} * [https://bgyo.abs-cbn.com/ Opisyal na websityo kan BGYO] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251211071948/https://bgyo.abs-cbn.com/ |date=2025-12-11 }} * [https://www.youtube.com/c/BGYOofficial Opisyal na YouTube channel kan BGYO] k1gizipdn5qz4kltoajvcu74x1y2xrn 0 56753 310109 310057 2026-09-03T07:17:15Z LeahLhey 13103 310109 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book| <!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]] or [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Books]] --> | name = The Big Country | title_orig = | translator = | image = File:TheBigCountry.jpg | caption = First edition | author = [[E. V. Timms]]<br>Alma Timms | illustrator = | cover_artist = | country = Australia | language = English | series = [[Great South Land Saga]] | genre = | publisher = [[Angus and Robertson]] | release_date = 1962 | english_release_date = | media_type = | pages = | isbn = | preceded_by = [[Robina (novel)|Robina]] | followed_by = [[Time and Chance (Timms novel)|Time and Chance]] }} An '''''The Big Country''''' sarong 1962 Australyanong nobela ni [[E. V. Timms]] asin ni Alma Timms. Ini ika-11 na kabtang kan [[Great South Land Saga]] nin mga nobela. Si E. V. Timms nagadan kan 1960, bago an nobela natapos kaya an saiyang agom na si Alma tinapos ini na hamanon.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article131800653 |title=Timms again. |newspaper=[[The Canberra Times]] |date=11 December 1976 |accessdate=19 October 2014 |page=16 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article131729584 |title=Far West Of Yesteryear. |newspaper=[[The Canberra Times]] |date=4 August 1962 |accessdate=19 October 2014 |page=19 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> Siya nagadan mantang sinusurat niya an ikalimang kapitolo.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=6 December 1970|page=187|title=Goodbye to friends of more than tpwenty years}}</ref> An agom niyang si Alma poon nagsurat kan Oktobre 1960. Siya nagtabang sa pag-research igdi saka pagmukna kan mga plot sa gabos na mga nobela sa saga kaya saiyang trabaho nagin magian. "An gabos na mga karakter yaon man igdi," sabi niya. "An sakuya na sanang ginibo iyo an taposon an istorya... Gayod an sakong agom iba tataposon niya ini, alagad dai man gayod na dai mauyon sa sakong ginibo."<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=May 27, 1962|page= 86|title=Finished novel started by her husband}}</ref> ==Plot== Kan mga 1870, sa bandang lampas sa [[Salog Darling]], sarong half-caste na aking babae, si Jenny Courage, naghahanap kan saiyang ama na si George Crumby, na iyo an nag'abandonar saiya asin sa saiyang ina. Si George naghubo' na sa [[Sydney]] asin duman nag'asenso nang gayo. Si Jenny nagtrabaho sa sarong istasyon sa gilid kan salog asin nagin tagamato duman asin an istasyon pagsasadiri kan mga'agom na si Martha asin Henry Gubby. ==Toltolan== {{reflist}} {{Tamboan}} ==Mga panluwas na takod== *[http://www.austlit.edu.au/austlit/page/C129468 ''The Big Country''] at [[AustLit]] {{E. V. Timms}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Big Country, The (1962 novel)}} [[Kategorya:Mga 1962 na mga nobelang Australyno]] [[Kategorya:Mga 1962 na Ingles-tataramon na mga nobela]] [[Kategorya:Mga nobela ni E. V. Timms]] [[Kategorya:Mga nobela namumugtak sa mga taon 1870]] [[Kategorya:Mga libro kan Angus & Robertson]] [[en:The Big Country (Timms novel)]] h0hujk1e0ui3tp546vqakuojpz45vuq 0 56754 310111 310081 2026-09-03T07:19:30Z LeahLhey 13103 310111 wikitext text/x-wiki An '''Mahmudi''', midbid man sa apod na '''Pinyanişi''',<ref name=EC>{{cite book|author1=Evliya Çelebi|author2-link=Robert Dankoff|author2=Robert Dankoff|title=The Intimate Life of an Ottoman Statesman, Melek Ahmed Pasha (1588-1662): As Portrayed in Evliya Celebi's Book of Travels (Seyahat-name)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YiWSuO6fdQYC&pg=PA150|date=1 January 1991|publisher=SUNY Press|isbn=978-0-7914-0640-3|pages=150–}}</ref> sarong [[Mga Kurdish na tribu|Kurdish na tribu]] makukua sa rona' nin [[Lake Van]]. == Historya == Susog ki [[Evliya Çelebi]] (1611–1682) an tribu igwang 60,000 na kawad<ref name="EC" /> An [[Mga YazidisYezidi]] Mahmudi'ng tribu leal na gayo sa mga [[Safavid]] kundi kan an saindang lider, si Hasan Beg, nagbaya sa [[Yazidismo|Yezidismo]] asin nagsumpa sa [[Islam]]<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Açikyildiz-Şengül|first=Birgül|date=2016-12-19|title=From Yezidism to Islam: Religious Architecture of the Mahmudî Dynasty in Khoshâb|url=https://brill.com/view/journals/ic/20/3-4/article-p369_8.xml|journal=Iran and the Caucasus|volume=20|issue=3–4|pages=369–383|doi=10.1163/1573384X-20160307|issn=1609-8498|url-access=subscription}}</ref> asin nagkampi na sa mga Ottoman kan an mga ini nag'atake sa [[Azerbaijan (Iran)|Azerbaijan]] ([[Azerbaijan (Iran)|ngonyan moderno mga Iranian Azerbaijan na]]) kan 1554 durante kan [[Safavid na Kampanya (1554–55)]].{{sfn|University of Wisconsin|2003|pp=123, 134}} An saindang pamayo, si [[Sarı Süleyman Bey]],<ref name="Farson1985">{{cite book|author=Daniel Farson|title=A Traveller in Turkey|url=https://archive.org/details/travellerinturke00fars|url-access=registration|date=1 January 1985|publisher=Routledge & Kegan Paul|isbn=978-0-7102-0281-9|page=[https://archive.org/details/travellerinturke00fars/page/78 78]}}</ref> pinagpapusog an [[Hoşap Castle]]<ref name="Nicolle2010">{{cite book|author=David Nicolle|title=Ottoman Fortifications 1300-1710|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C9UVaLyo4UEC&pg=PA18|year=2010|publisher=Osprey Publishing|isbn=978-1-84603-503-6|pages=18–}}</ref> na yaon sa rona' nin Lake Van, kan 1643.<ref name="Çilingiroğlu1988">{{cite book|author=Altan Çilingiroğlu|title=The History of the Kingdom of Van, Urartu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QcklAQAAMAAJ|year=1988|publisher=Ofis Ticaret Matbaacilik Limited|page=54|isbn=9789759551506}}</ref> Sinda kadolon an mga [[Dinastiya Safavid|Safavid]], asin ta parati linulusob asin gustong sakopon sinda kan mga ini.<ref name=EC/> ==Hilnga man== *[[Kurdish tribes]] ==Toltolan== {{reflist}} {{Tamboan}} ==Ginunuan== *{{cite book|author=University of Wisconsin|title=International Journal of Turkish Studies|volume=9|issue=1–2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OYVpAAAAMAAJ|year=2003|publisher=University of Wisconsin}} [[Kategorya:Mga tribung Kurdish]] [[Kategorya:Banwang Turkish Kurdish]] [[en:Mahmudi (tribe]] 8uy4e6sz9s12xkvbg133i59xavbzuhz 0 56755 310110 310087 2026-09-03T07:17:52Z LeahLhey 13103 310110 wikitext text/x-wiki Si '''Mary Beth Rogers''' (namundag 1940) sarong Amerikanang parasurat. ==Biograpiya== Si Rogers namundag kan 1940 sa Estados Unidos asin nagdakula sa [[Dallas]].<ref name="tm">{{Cite web|url=https://www.texasmonthly.com/news-politics/in-search-of-blue-texas/|title=In Search of Blue Texas|author=Tom Bartlett|date=Dec 23, 2015|website=Texas Monthly|access-date=Feb 2, 2023}}</ref> Siya nag'adal sa [[University of Texas sa Austin]] asin naggradwar na may degree sa [[journalism]].<ref name="tm"/> sa saiyang karera, si Rogers nagtrabaho ki dating [[Gobernador nin Texas]], si [[Ann Richards]], bilang chief of staff, dangan nagtrabaho sa [[KLRU]].<ref name="tm"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dallasnews.com/news/politics/2010/12/12/one-woman-play-about-former-texas-gov-ann-richards-portrays-a-real-piece-of-work/|title=One-woman play about former Texas Gov. Ann Richards portrays a real 'piece of work'|date=Dec 12, 2010|website=Dallas News|access-date=Feb 2, 2023}}</ref> Kan 2016, an saiyang libro, ''Turning Texas Blue'' napalagda.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statesman.com/story/news/2016/09/04/can-texas-really-turn-blue-mary-beth-rogers-offers-a-plan/10062834007/|title=Can Texas really turn blue? Mary Beth Rogers offers a plan|first=Charles|last=Ealy|website=Austin American-Statesman|access-date=Feb 2, 2023}}</ref> Kan enot pa, siya nagp-apublikar nin libro dapit ki [[Barbara Jordan]], tituladong ''Barbara Jordan: American Hero'', na pinagrebyu kan ''The New York Times'' asin kan ''Publishers Weekly''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/12/13/books/the-heart-of-texas.html|title=The Heart of Texas|first=Phil|last=Gailey|work=The New York Times |date=Dec 13, 1998|access-date=Feb 2, 2023|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.publishersweekly.com/9780553106039 |title=Barbara Jordan: American Hero by Mary Beth Rogers|work=Publishers Weekly|access-date=2023-02-02}}</ref> Kan 2022, si Rogers nagpaluwas nin sarong memoir tituladong ''Hope and Hard Truth: A Life in Texas Politics''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/mary-beth-rogers/hope-and-hard-truth/|title=HOPE AND HARD TRUTH &#124; Kirkus Reviews|accessdate=Feb 2, 2023|via=www.kirkusreviews.com}}</ref> Ini pinaluwas kan Septyembre 2022. An memoir pinagrebyu kan ''Austin Chronicle'' asin kan ''Texas Observer''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.austinchronicle.com/arts/2022-09-02/review-hope-and-hard-truth-a-life-in-texas-politics/|title=Book Review: Hope and Hard Truth: A Life in Texas Politics|website=www.austinchronicle.com|accessdate=Feb 2, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.texasobserver.org/book-ann-richards-mary-beth-rogers/|title=The Woman Behind Ann Richards|first=Julie|last=Poole|date=Aug 31, 2022|website=The Texas Observer|accessdate=Feb 2, 2023}}</ref> ==Bibliograpiya== * ''Cold Anger: A Story of Faith and Power Politics'' (1990) * ''Barbara Jordan: American Hero'' (1998) * ''Turning Texas Blue'' (2016)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dallasnews.com/opinion/commentary/2016/05/17/mimi-swartz-people-think-texans-are-a-bunch-of-crazies-how-did-we-get-here/|title=Mimi Swartz: People think Texans are a bunch of crazies. How did we get here?|date=May 17, 2016|website=Dallas News|accessdate=Feb 2, 2023}}</ref> * ''Hope and Hard Truth: A Life in Texas Politics'' (2022) ==Toltolan== {{reflist}} {{Tamboan}} {{Texas Women's Hall of Fame}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Rogers, Mary Beth}} [[Kategorya:Mga 1940 na kamundagan]] [[Kategorya:Mga Buruhay]] [[Kategorya:Mga ika-20ng siglong mga Amerikanong parasurat]] [[Kategorya:Mga nagtapos sa Univerwsity of Texas at Austin]] [[en:Mary Beth Rogers]] c5gd2asre86i1z1bssjrmefhko6cn4s 0 56756 310093 2026-09-02T15:39:46Z ShiminUfesoj 11957 Pinagmukna an pahina kaining "{{Short description|Tataramon na mayo nang parataram nin enot o ikaduwang tataramon}} {{Redirect|Gadan na tataramon|proseso nin pagkapuho kan tataramon|Pagkagadan kan tataramon|album kan The Flatliners|Dead Language (album){{!}}''Dead Language'' (album)}} [[File:Eteocypriot writing.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.1|Sarong pidaso nin surat nin [[tataramon na Eteocypriot|Eteocypriot]] gikan sa [[Amathous|Amathous, Cyprus]], na may petsang c. 500–300 [[BCE]], na ipin..." 310093 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Tataramon na mayo nang parataram nin enot o ikaduwang tataramon}} {{Redirect|Gadan na tataramon|proseso nin pagkapuho kan tataramon|Pagkagadan kan tataramon|album kan The Flatliners|Dead Language (album){{!}}''Dead Language'' (album)}} [[File:Eteocypriot writing.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.1|Sarong pidaso nin surat nin [[tataramon na Eteocypriot|Eteocypriot]] gikan sa [[Amathous|Amathous, Cyprus]], na may petsang c. 500–300 [[BCE]], na ipinapahiling sa [[Ashmolean Museum]]]] An '''napuho nang tataramon''' o '''gadan na tataramon''' sarong [[tataramon]] na mayong nabubuhay na [[enot na tataramon|subong parataram]].<ref name="Matthews">{{Citation|last=Matthews|first=P. H.|chapter=dead language|date=2007-01-01|chapter-url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199202720.001.0001/acref-9780199202720-e-799|title=The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Linguistics|publisher=Oxford University Press|language=en|doi=10.1093/acref/9780199202720.001.0001|isbn=978-0-19-920272-0|access-date=2021-11-14|chapter-url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>Lenore A. Grenoble, Lindsay J. Whaley, ''Saving Languages: An Introduction to Language Revitalization'', Cambridge University Press (2006) p.18</ref>An '''tataramon na pamana''', o kun minsan sarong '''tataramon na dai nagtuturog''', sarong tataramon na napuho na nagseserbing simbolo nin etnikong identidad sa sarong [[grupong etniko]]; an mga tataramon na ini parating nag-aagi nin proseso nin [[Pagbuhay liwat kan tataramon|pagbuhay liwat]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/enterprise-faq/what-difference-between-dormant-language-and-extinct-language|title=What is the difference between a dormant language and an extinct language?|website=www.ethnologue.com|date=15 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220102160308/https://www.ethnologue.com/enterprise-faq/what-difference-between-dormant-language-and-extinct-language |access-date=2023-07-29|archive-date=2 January 2022 }}</ref> An mga tataramon na igwa nin mga enot na tataramon na parataram midbid bilang mga [[buhay na tataramon]]. hkqb7ke1537eyu32wr8173ya6ygbdho 310094 310093 2026-09-02T15:40:15Z ShiminUfesoj 11957 ShiminUfesoj pinagbalyo an pahina [[Tataramon na Puho']] pasiring sa [[Napuho nang tataramon]] 310093 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Tataramon na mayo nang parataram nin enot o ikaduwang tataramon}} {{Redirect|Gadan na tataramon|proseso nin pagkapuho kan tataramon|Pagkagadan kan tataramon|album kan The Flatliners|Dead Language (album){{!}}''Dead Language'' (album)}} [[File:Eteocypriot writing.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.1|Sarong pidaso nin surat nin [[tataramon na Eteocypriot|Eteocypriot]] gikan sa [[Amathous|Amathous, Cyprus]], na may petsang c. 500–300 [[BCE]], na ipinapahiling sa [[Ashmolean Museum]]]] An '''napuho nang tataramon''' o '''gadan na tataramon''' sarong [[tataramon]] na mayong nabubuhay na [[enot na tataramon|subong parataram]].<ref name="Matthews">{{Citation|last=Matthews|first=P. H.|chapter=dead language|date=2007-01-01|chapter-url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199202720.001.0001/acref-9780199202720-e-799|title=The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Linguistics|publisher=Oxford University Press|language=en|doi=10.1093/acref/9780199202720.001.0001|isbn=978-0-19-920272-0|access-date=2021-11-14|chapter-url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>Lenore A. Grenoble, Lindsay J. Whaley, ''Saving Languages: An Introduction to Language Revitalization'', Cambridge University Press (2006) p.18</ref>An '''tataramon na pamana''', o kun minsan sarong '''tataramon na dai nagtuturog''', sarong tataramon na napuho na nagseserbing simbolo nin etnikong identidad sa sarong [[grupong etniko]]; an mga tataramon na ini parating nag-aagi nin proseso nin [[Pagbuhay liwat kan tataramon|pagbuhay liwat]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/enterprise-faq/what-difference-between-dormant-language-and-extinct-language|title=What is the difference between a dormant language and an extinct language?|website=www.ethnologue.com|date=15 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220102160308/https://www.ethnologue.com/enterprise-faq/what-difference-between-dormant-language-and-extinct-language |access-date=2023-07-29|archive-date=2 January 2022 }}</ref> An mga tataramon na igwa nin mga enot na tataramon na parataram midbid bilang mga [[buhay na tataramon]]. hkqb7ke1537eyu32wr8173ya6ygbdho 310096 310094 2026-09-02T15:43:50Z ShiminUfesoj 11957 310096 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Tataramon na mayo nang parataram nin enot o ikaduwang tataramon}} {{Redirect|Gadan na tataramon|proseso nin pagkapuho kan tataramon|Pagkagadan kan tataramon|album kan The Flatliners|Dead Language (album){{!}}''Dead Language'' (album)}} [[File:Eteocypriot writing.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.1|Sarong pidaso nin surat nin [[tataramon na Eteocypriot|Eteocypriot]] gikan sa [[Amathous|Amathous, Cyprus]], na may petsang c. 500–300 [[BCE]], na ipinapahiling sa [[Ashmolean Museum]]]] An '''napuho nang tataramon''' o '''gadan na tataramon''' sarong [[tataramon]] na mayong nabubuhay na [[enot na tataramon|subong parataram]].<ref name="Matthews">{{Citation|last=Matthews|first=P. H.|chapter=dead language|date=2007-01-01|chapter-url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199202720.001.0001/acref-9780199202720-e-799|title=The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Linguistics|publisher=Oxford University Press|language=en|doi=10.1093/acref/9780199202720.001.0001|isbn=978-0-19-920272-0|access-date=2021-11-14|chapter-url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>Lenore A. Grenoble, Lindsay J. Whaley, ''Saving Languages: An Introduction to Language Revitalization'', Cambridge University Press (2006) p.18</ref>An '''tataramon na pamana''', o kun minsan sarong '''tataramon na dai nagtuturog''', sarong tataramon na napuho na nagseserbing simbolo nin etnikong identidad sa sarong [[grupong etniko]]; an mga tataramon na ini parating nag-aagi nin proseso nin [[Pagbuhay liwat kan tataramon|pagbuhay liwat]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/enterprise-faq/what-difference-between-dormant-language-and-extinct-language|title=What is the difference between a dormant language and an extinct language?|website=www.ethnologue.com|date=15 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220102160308/https://www.ethnologue.com/enterprise-faq/what-difference-between-dormant-language-and-extinct-language |access-date=2023-07-29|archive-date=2 January 2022 }}</ref> An mga tataramon na igwa nin mga enot na tataramon na parataram midbid bilang mga [[buhay na tataramon]]. An mga tataramon tipikal na napuho bilang resulta kan proseso nin [[asimilasyon kultural]] na nagdara sa [[pagbalyo nin tataramon]], asin an luway-luway na pagbaya sa sarong katutubong tataramon pabor sa sarong dayuhan na ''[[daratangan na ulay]]''.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XxZbhSsqnUQC&pg=PT739|title=Routledge Encyclopedia of Language Teaching and Learning|last1=Byram|first1=Michael|last2=Hu|first2=Adelheid|date=2013-06-26|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1136235535|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HecNAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA100|title=Living Through Languages: An African Tribute to René Dirven|last=Walt|first=Christa Van der|date=2007-05-01|publisher=AFRICAN SUN MeDIA|isbn=9781920109707|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sq5pdj2snokC&pg=PA115|title=Mapping Applied Linguistics: A Guide for Students and Practitioners|last1=Hall|first1=Christopher J.|last2=Smith|first2=Patrick H.|last3=Wicaksono|first3=Rachel|date=2015-05-11|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1136836237|language=en}}</ref> Poon kan mga taon 2000, igwa nin total na mga 7,000 na katutubong tataramon na nag-eeksister sa bilog na kinaban. Kadaklan kaini mga saradit na tataramon na namemeligrong mawara; an sarong pagtantiya na ipinublikar kan 2004 naglalaom na mga 90% kan mga tataramon na itinataram kan panahon na idto mapupuho na pag-abot nin 2050.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna4387421 |title=English won't dominate as world language |work=NBC News |date=2004-02-26 |access-date=2012-03-22 |postscript=;}} {{cite web |author=Ian |url=http://www.chinasmack.com/stories/90-percent-worlds-languages-extinct-in-41-years/ |title=90% Of World's Languages Extinct In 41 Years |publisher=chinaSMACK |date=2009-01-16 |access-date=2012-03-22 |archive-date=9 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100109214752/http://www.chinasmack.com/stories/90-percent-worlds-languages-extinct-in-41-years/ |url-status=dead |postscript=;}} [[Ethnologue]] records 7,358 living languages known, {{cite web |url=http://www.ethnologue.com/web.asp |title=Ethnologue, Web Version |publisher=Ethnologue |access-date=2012-03-22 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011005193846/http://www.ethnologue.com/web.asp |archive-date=October 5, 2001 |postscript=,}} but on 2015-05-20, [[Ethnologue]] reported only 7,102 known living languages; and on 2015-02-23, Ethnologue already reported only 7,097 known living languages.</ref> c2itztr7rvrx20t2n0p0gxtnyc9r975 310097 310096 2026-09-02T15:46:03Z ShiminUfesoj 11957 310097 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Tataramon na mayo nang parataram nin enot o ikaduwang tataramon}} {{Redirect|Gadan na tataramon|proseso nin pagkapuho kan tataramon|Pagkagadan kan tataramon|album kan The Flatliners|Dead Language (album){{!}}''Dead Language'' (album)}} [[File:Eteocypriot writing.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.1|Sarong pidaso nin surat nin [[tataramon na Eteocypriot|Eteocypriot]] gikan sa [[Amathous|Amathous, Cyprus]], na may petsang c. 500–300 [[BCE]], na ipinapahiling sa [[Ashmolean Museum]]]] An '''napuho nang tataramon''' o '''gadan na tataramon''' sarong [[tataramon]] na mayong nabubuhay na [[enot na tataramon|subong parataram]].<ref name="Matthews">{{Citation|last=Matthews|first=P. H.|chapter=dead language|date=2007-01-01|chapter-url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199202720.001.0001/acref-9780199202720-e-799|title=The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Linguistics|publisher=Oxford University Press|language=en|doi=10.1093/acref/9780199202720.001.0001|isbn=978-0-19-920272-0|access-date=2021-11-14|chapter-url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>Lenore A. Grenoble, Lindsay J. Whaley, ''Saving Languages: An Introduction to Language Revitalization'', Cambridge University Press (2006) p.18</ref>An '''tataramon na pamana''', o kun minsan sarong '''tataramon na dai nagtuturog''', sarong tataramon na napuho na nagseserbing simbolo nin etnikong identidad sa sarong [[grupong etniko]]; an mga tataramon na ini parating nag-aagi nin proseso nin [[Pagbuhay liwat kan tataramon|pagbuhay liwat]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/enterprise-faq/what-difference-between-dormant-language-and-extinct-language|title=What is the difference between a dormant language and an extinct language?|website=www.ethnologue.com|date=15 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220102160308/https://www.ethnologue.com/enterprise-faq/what-difference-between-dormant-language-and-extinct-language |access-date=2023-07-29|archive-date=2 January 2022 }}</ref> An mga tataramon na igwa nin mga enot na tataramon na parataram midbid bilang mga [[buhay na tataramon]]. An mga tataramon tipikal na napuho bilang resulta kan proseso nin [[asimilasyon kultural]] na nagdara sa [[pagbalyo nin tataramon]], asin an luway-luway na pagbaya sa sarong katutubong tataramon pabor sa sarong dayuhan na ''[[daratangan na ulay]]''.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XxZbhSsqnUQC&pg=PT739|title=Routledge Encyclopedia of Language Teaching and Learning|last1=Byram|first1=Michael|last2=Hu|first2=Adelheid|date=2013-06-26|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1136235535|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HecNAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA100|title=Living Through Languages: An African Tribute to René Dirven|last=Walt|first=Christa Van der|date=2007-05-01|publisher=AFRICAN SUN MeDIA|isbn=9781920109707|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sq5pdj2snokC&pg=PA115|title=Mapping Applied Linguistics: A Guide for Students and Practitioners|last1=Hall|first1=Christopher J.|last2=Smith|first2=Patrick H.|last3=Wicaksono|first3=Rachel|date=2015-05-11|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1136836237|language=en}}</ref> Poon kan mga taon 2000, igwa nin total na mga 7,000 na katutubong tataramon na nag-eeksister sa bilog na kinaban. Kadaklan kaini mga saradit na tataramon na namemeligrong mawara; an sarong pagtantiya na ipinublikar kan 2004 naglalaom na mga 90% kan mga tataramon na itinataram kan panahon na idto mapupuho na pag-abot nin 2050.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna4387421 |title=English won't dominate as world language |work=NBC News |date=2004-02-26 |access-date=2012-03-22 |postscript=;}} {{cite web |author=Ian |url=http://www.chinasmack.com/stories/90-percent-worlds-languages-extinct-in-41-years/ |title=90% Of World's Languages Extinct In 41 Years |publisher=chinaSMACK |date=2009-01-16 |access-date=2012-03-22 |archive-date=9 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100109214752/http://www.chinasmack.com/stories/90-percent-worlds-languages-extinct-in-41-years/ |url-status=dead |postscript=;}} [[Ethnologue]] records 7,358 living languages known, {{cite web |url=http://www.ethnologue.com/web.asp |title=Ethnologue, Web Version |publisher=Ethnologue |access-date=2012-03-22 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011005193846/http://www.ethnologue.com/web.asp |archive-date=October 5, 2001 |postscript=,}} but on 2015-05-20, [[Ethnologue]] reported only 7,102 known living languages; and on 2015-02-23, Ethnologue already reported only 7,097 known living languages.</ref> ==Mga tala== {{reflist|group=notes}} ==Mga toltolan== {{Reflist}} ==Bibliograpiya== {{refbegin}} * Adelaar, Willem F. H.; & Muysken, Pieter C. (2004). ''The Languages of the Andes''. Cambridge Language Surveys. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-521-36275-7}}. * Brenzinger, Matthias (ed.) (1992) ''Language Death: Factual and Theoretical Explorations with Special Reference to East Africa''. Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter. {{ISBN|978-3-11-013404-9}}. * Campbell, Lyle; & Mithun, Marianne (Eds.). (1979). ''The Languages of Native America: Historical and Comparative Assessment''. Austin: University of Texas Press. {{ISBN|0-292-74624-5}}. * Davis, Wade. (2009). ''The Wayfinders: Why Ancient Wisdom Matters in the Modern World''. House of Anansi Press. {{ISBN|0-88784-766-8}}. * [[Nancy Dorian|Dorian, Nancy C.]] (1978). 'Fate of Morphological Complexity in Language Death: Evidence from East Sutherland Gaelic.' ''Language'', ''54'' (3), 590–609. * Dorian, Nancy C. (1981). ''Language Death: The Life Cycle of a Scottish Gaelic dialect''. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. {{ISBN|0-8122-7785-6}}. * Dressler, Wolfgand & Wodak-Leodolter, Ruth (eds.) (1977) 'Language Death' (International Journal of the Sociology of Language vol. 12). The Hague: Mouton. * Gordon, Raymond G. Jr. (Ed.). (2005). ''Ethnologue: Languages of the World'' (15th ed.). Dallas, TX: SIL International. {{ISBN|1-55671-159-X}}. (Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com). * Harrison, K. David. (2007) ''When Languages Die: The Extinction of the World's Languages and the Erosion of Human Knowledge.'' New York and London: Oxford University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-19-518192-0}}. * Mithun, Marianne. (1999). ''The Languages of Native North America''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN|0-521-23228-7}} (hbk); {{ISBN|0-521-29875-X}}. * Mohan, Peggy; & Zador, Paul. (1986). 'Discontinuity in a Life Cycle: The Death of Trinidad Bhojpuri.' ''Language'', ''62'' (2), 291–319. * Sasse, Hans-Jürgen (1992) 'Theory of Language Death', in Brenzinger (ed.) ''Language Death'', pp.&nbsp;7–30. * Schilling-Estes, Natalie; & Wolfram, Walt. (1999). 'Alternative Models of Dialect Death: Dissipation vs. Concentration.' ''Language'', ''75'' (3), 486–521. * Sebeok, Thomas A. (Ed.). (1973). ''Linguistics in North America'' (parts 1 & 2). Current Trends in Linguistics (Vol. 10). The Hauge: Mouton. (Reprinted as Sebeok 1976). * Sharp, Joanne. (2008). Chapter 6: 'Can the Subaltern Speak?', in ''Geographies of Postcolonialism''. Glasgow, UK: SAGE Publications Ltd. {{ISBN|978-1-4129-0779-8}}. * [[Tove Skutnabb-Kangas|Skutnabb-Kangas, Tove]]. (2000). ''Linguistic Genocide in Education or Worldwide Diversity and Human Rights?'' Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. {{ISBN|0-8058-3468-0}}. * Thomason, Sarah Grey & Kaufman, Terrence. (1991). ''Language Contact, Creolization, and Genetic Linguistics.'' University of California Press. {{ISBN|0-520-07893-4}}. * Timmons Roberts, J. & Hite, Amy. (2000). ''From Modernization to Globalization: Perspectives on Development and Social Change.'' Wiley-Blackwell. {{ISBN|978-0-631-21097-9}}. {{refend}} ==Mga panluwas na takod== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110524193818/http://mypage.iu.edu/~shetter/miniatures/extinct.htm The Dodo's Fate: How Languages Become Extinct] * [http://www.ogmios.org/home.htm The Foundation of Endangered Languages] * [http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/ Endangered Languages] {{ Continent topic | state = expanded | title = [[Extinct languages]] by [[continent]] | prefix = List of extinct languages of }} {{ Continent topic | state = expanded | title = [[Endangered languages]] by [[continent]] | prefix = List of endangered languages in }} {{ Continent topic | state = collapsed | title = [[Languages]] by [[continent]] | prefix = Languages of }} {{ Authority control }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Napuho nang tataramon}} [[Category:Mga puhong tataramon| ]] beqhlfp3d942z3zo5qj7vkm14sfvd8n 310112 310097 2026-09-03T07:21:24Z LeahLhey 13103 310112 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Tataramon na mayo nang parataram nin enot o ikaduwang tataramon}} {{Redirect|Gadan na tataramon|proseso nin pagkapuho kan tataramon|Pagkagadan kan tataramon|album kan The Flatliners|Dead Language (album){{!}}''Dead Language'' (album)}} [[File:Eteocypriot writing.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.1|Sarong pidaso nin surat nin [[tataramon na Eteocypriot|Eteocypriot]] gikan sa [[Amathous|Amathous, Cyprus]], na may petsang c. 500–300 [[BCE]], na ipinapahiling sa [[Ashmolean Museum]]]] An '''napuho nang tataramon''' o '''gadan na tataramon''' sarong [[tataramon]] na mayong nabubuhay na [[enot na tataramon|subong parataram]].<ref name="Matthews">{{Citation|last=Matthews|first=P. H.|chapter=dead language|date=2007-01-01|chapter-url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199202720.001.0001/acref-9780199202720-e-799|title=The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Linguistics|publisher=Oxford University Press|language=en|doi=10.1093/acref/9780199202720.001.0001|isbn=978-0-19-920272-0|access-date=2021-11-14|chapter-url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>Lenore A. Grenoble, Lindsay J. Whaley, ''Saving Languages: An Introduction to Language Revitalization'', Cambridge University Press (2006) p.18</ref>An '''tataramon na pamana''', o kun minsan sarong '''tataramon na dai nagtuturog''', sarong tataramon na napuho na nagseserbing simbolo nin etnikong identidad sa sarong [[grupong etniko]]; an mga tataramon na ini parating nag-aagi nin proseso nin [[Pagbuhay liwat kan tataramon|pagbuhay liwat]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/enterprise-faq/what-difference-between-dormant-language-and-extinct-language|title=What is the difference between a dormant language and an extinct language?|website=www.ethnologue.com|date=15 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220102160308/https://www.ethnologue.com/enterprise-faq/what-difference-between-dormant-language-and-extinct-language |access-date=2023-07-29|archive-date=2 January 2022 }}</ref> An mga tataramon na igwa nin mga enot na tataramon na parataram midbid bilang mga [[buhay na tataramon]]. An mga tataramon tipikal na napuho bilang resulta kan proseso nin [[asimilasyon kultural]] na nagdara sa [[pagbalyo nin tataramon]], asin an luway-luway na pagbaya sa sarong katutubong tataramon pabor sa sarong dayuhan na ''[[daratangan na ulay]]''.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XxZbhSsqnUQC&pg=PT739|title=Routledge Encyclopedia of Language Teaching and Learning|last1=Byram|first1=Michael|last2=Hu|first2=Adelheid|date=2013-06-26|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1136235535|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HecNAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA100|title=Living Through Languages: An African Tribute to René Dirven|last=Walt|first=Christa Van der|date=2007-05-01|publisher=AFRICAN SUN MeDIA|isbn=9781920109707|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sq5pdj2snokC&pg=PA115|title=Mapping Applied Linguistics: A Guide for Students and Practitioners|last1=Hall|first1=Christopher J.|last2=Smith|first2=Patrick H.|last3=Wicaksono|first3=Rachel|date=2015-05-11|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1136836237|language=en}}</ref> Poon kan mga taon 2000, igwa nin total na mga 7,000 na katutubong tataramon na nag-eeksister sa bilog na kinaban. Kadaklan kaini mga saradit na tataramon na namemeligrong mawara; an sarong pagtantiya na ipinublikar kan 2004 naglalaom na mga 90% kan mga tataramon na itinataram kan panahon na idto mapupuho na pag-abot nin 2050.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna4387421 |title=English won't dominate as world language |work=NBC News |date=2004-02-26 |access-date=2012-03-22 |postscript=;}} {{cite web |author=Ian |url=http://www.chinasmack.com/stories/90-percent-worlds-languages-extinct-in-41-years/ |title=90% Of World's Languages Extinct In 41 Years |publisher=chinaSMACK |date=2009-01-16 |access-date=2012-03-22 |archive-date=9 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100109214752/http://www.chinasmack.com/stories/90-percent-worlds-languages-extinct-in-41-years/ |url-status=dead |postscript=;}} [[Ethnologue]] records 7,358 living languages known, {{cite web |url=http://www.ethnologue.com/web.asp |title=Ethnologue, Web Version |publisher=Ethnologue |access-date=2012-03-22 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011005193846/http://www.ethnologue.com/web.asp |archive-date=October 5, 2001 |postscript=,}} but on 2015-05-20, [[Ethnologue]] reported only 7,102 known living languages; and on 2015-02-23, Ethnologue already reported only 7,097 known living languages.</ref> ==Mga tala== {{reflist|group=notes}} ==Mga toltolan== {{Reflist}} {{Tamboan}} ==Bibliograpiya== {{refbegin}} * Adelaar, Willem F. H.; & Muysken, Pieter C. (2004). ''The Languages of the Andes''. Cambridge Language Surveys. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-521-36275-7}}. * Brenzinger, Matthias (ed.) (1992) ''Language Death: Factual and Theoretical Explorations with Special Reference to East Africa''. Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter. {{ISBN|978-3-11-013404-9}}. * Campbell, Lyle; & Mithun, Marianne (Eds.). (1979). ''The Languages of Native America: Historical and Comparative Assessment''. Austin: University of Texas Press. {{ISBN|0-292-74624-5}}. * Davis, Wade. (2009). ''The Wayfinders: Why Ancient Wisdom Matters in the Modern World''. House of Anansi Press. {{ISBN|0-88784-766-8}}. * [[Nancy Dorian|Dorian, Nancy C.]] (1978). 'Fate of Morphological Complexity in Language Death: Evidence from East Sutherland Gaelic.' ''Language'', ''54'' (3), 590–609. * Dorian, Nancy C. (1981). ''Language Death: The Life Cycle of a Scottish Gaelic dialect''. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. {{ISBN|0-8122-7785-6}}. * Dressler, Wolfgand & Wodak-Leodolter, Ruth (eds.) (1977) 'Language Death' (International Journal of the Sociology of Language vol. 12). The Hague: Mouton. * Gordon, Raymond G. Jr. (Ed.). (2005). ''Ethnologue: Languages of the World'' (15th ed.). Dallas, TX: SIL International. {{ISBN|1-55671-159-X}}. (Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com). * Harrison, K. David. (2007) ''When Languages Die: The Extinction of the World's Languages and the Erosion of Human Knowledge.'' New York and London: Oxford University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-19-518192-0}}. * Mithun, Marianne. (1999). ''The Languages of Native North America''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN|0-521-23228-7}} (hbk); {{ISBN|0-521-29875-X}}. * Mohan, Peggy; & Zador, Paul. (1986). 'Discontinuity in a Life Cycle: The Death of Trinidad Bhojpuri.' ''Language'', ''62'' (2), 291–319. * Sasse, Hans-Jürgen (1992) 'Theory of Language Death', in Brenzinger (ed.) ''Language Death'', pp.&nbsp;7–30. * Schilling-Estes, Natalie; & Wolfram, Walt. (1999). 'Alternative Models of Dialect Death: Dissipation vs. Concentration.' ''Language'', ''75'' (3), 486–521. * Sebeok, Thomas A. (Ed.). (1973). ''Linguistics in North America'' (parts 1 & 2). Current Trends in Linguistics (Vol. 10). The Hauge: Mouton. (Reprinted as Sebeok 1976). * Sharp, Joanne. (2008). Chapter 6: 'Can the Subaltern Speak?', in ''Geographies of Postcolonialism''. Glasgow, UK: SAGE Publications Ltd. {{ISBN|978-1-4129-0779-8}}. * [[Tove Skutnabb-Kangas|Skutnabb-Kangas, Tove]]. (2000). ''Linguistic Genocide in Education or Worldwide Diversity and Human Rights?'' Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. {{ISBN|0-8058-3468-0}}. * Thomason, Sarah Grey & Kaufman, Terrence. (1991). ''Language Contact, Creolization, and Genetic Linguistics.'' University of California Press. {{ISBN|0-520-07893-4}}. * Timmons Roberts, J. & Hite, Amy. (2000). ''From Modernization to Globalization: Perspectives on Development and Social Change.'' Wiley-Blackwell. {{ISBN|978-0-631-21097-9}}. {{refend}} ==Mga panluwas na takod== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110524193818/http://mypage.iu.edu/~shetter/miniatures/extinct.htm The Dodo's Fate: How Languages Become Extinct] * [http://www.ogmios.org/home.htm The Foundation of Endangered Languages] * [http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/ Endangered Languages] {{ Continent topic | state = expanded | title = [[Extinct languages]] by [[continent]] | prefix = List of extinct languages of }} {{ Continent topic | state = expanded | title = [[Endangered languages]] by [[continent]] | prefix = List of endangered languages in }} {{ Continent topic | state = collapsed | title = [[Languages]] by [[continent]] | prefix = Languages of }} {{ Authority control }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Napuho nang tataramon}} [[Category:Mga puhong tataramon| ]] p8bhsqlrv476k05bapmh45mhzisa91y 0 56757 310095 2026-09-02T15:40:16Z ShiminUfesoj 11957 ShiminUfesoj pinagbalyo an pahina [[Tataramon na Puho']] pasiring sa [[Napuho nang tataramon]] 310095 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Napuho nang tataramon]] q2b8dhm0pckq5jge34pqzon41bkg011