Wikipedia bclwiki https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panginot_na_Pahina MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.24 first-letter Medio Espesyal Olay Paragamit Olay kan paragamit Wikipedia Olay sa Wikipedia Ladawan Olay sa ladawan MediaWiki Olay sa MediaWiki Plantilya Olay sa plantilya Tabang Olay sa tabang Kategorya Olay sa kategorya TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk Balanga 0 8390 311688 289041 2026-10-18T23:14:25Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 311688 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox lokasyon}} An '''Balanga''' sarong ikaapat na klase [[Syudad kan Filipinas|syudad]] na namumugtak sa [[probinsya kan Filipinas|probinsya]] nin [[Bataan]], [[Filipinas]]. Igwa ining sukol na 111.63 kilometro kwadrado na kadagaan asin namumugtak sa ikaduwang distrito. An designadong zip code kaini iyo an {{PH wikidata|postal_code}}. Susog sa sensus kan {{wikidata|qualifier|single|P1082|P585}}, igwa ining {{PH wikidata|population_total}} katawong nag-eerok digdi sa {{PH wikidata|household}} kaharongan. Nagin syudad an Balanga sa ri'gon kan Ley Republika Nu. 8984 na pinag'amaan ni Kongresista Enrique "Tet" Garcia. == Agi-agi == [[Ladawan:Balanga City.JPG|thumb|right|288px|An Balanga kun tanawon sa itaas kan Bukid Samal]] Dati visita kan Abucay an Balanga bago nagin sarong mision kan mga Dominikano kan Abril 21, 1714. Dangan ini nagin sarong vicario kan Abril 18, 1739 na an patrona si San Jose. Kan an Bataan pigsuway bilang sarong probinsya kan taon 1754, an Balanga an ginibong kabesera kaini. An pangaran kaini naghale sa Pampanggong tataramon na " balanga" na boot sabihon "dulay" o "tapayan". == Mga barangay == An Balanga nababanga sa 25 [[barangay]]. <table border=0><tr> <td valign=top> * Bagumbayan * Cabog-Cabog * Munting Batangas (Cadre) * Cataning * Central * Cupang Proper * Cupang West * Dangcol (Bernabe) * Ibayo * Malabia * Poblacion Barcenas * Puerto Rivas Ibaba * Puerto Rivas Itaas </td><td valign=top> * San Jose * Sibacan * Camacho * Talisay * Tanato * Tenejero * Tortugas * Tuyo * Bagong Silang * Cupang North * Doña Francisca * Lote </td></tr></table> == Edukasyon == An Balanga iyo an sentro nin edukasyon sa Bataan. Igwa ini ngonyan nin sarong unibersidad pampubliko, an [[Bataan Peninsula State University]] asin magkapirang kolehiyo pribado, na may duwang kampus. An [[Tomas del Rosario College]] iyo an saro sa pinakagurang na pribadong institusyon pan-edukasyon; namomogtak ini sa Capitol Drive sa laog kan Barangay San Jose. Mga iba pang paadalan iyo an Asia Pacific College of Advanced Studies, EastWoods Professional College of Science and Technology (dati, SOFTNET College of Science and Technology), pareho yaon sa Barangay Ibayo, Bataan Heroes Memorial College namomogtak sa Bataan Provincial Expressway, Microcity Computer College yaon sa Capitol Drive, St. Joseph's College sa Tuyo, asin an STI College Balanga sa Barangay Poblacion. Yaon pa igdi an [[AMA Computer University|AMA]] Computer Learning Center – Balanga, [[Philippine Women's University]] - CDCEC Bataan, asin an Proclesia International Inc. Nalulugar man igdi an pinakadakulang pampublikong haiskul, an [[Bataan]] National High School. Mga lataw pang sekundaryang eskwelahan pampubliko iyo an laboratory high school nin [[Bataan Peninsula State University]], asin an Bataan Integrated School. Mga napipiling marayrahay na pribadong haiskul iyo an departamento sa haiskul kan [[Tomas del Rosario College]], Asia Pacific College of Advanced Studies asin an St. Joseph College's of Balanga, Bataan Infant Jesus School, an bantogan na Bataan Montessori School, Inc. == Demograpiko == {{Populasyon}} == Toltolan == {{reflist}} == Mga panluwas na takod == * [https://www.philatlas.com/ PhilAtlas.com] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120413163013/http://www.nscb.gov.ph/activestats/psgc/default.asp Philippine Standard Geographic Code] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20161010201809/http://www.blgs.gov.ph/lgpmsv2/cmshome/index.php?pageID=23 Local Governance Performance Management System] * [http://www.cityofbalanga.gov.ph/ City of Balanga] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100723164706/http://www.cityofbalanga.gov.ph/ |date=2010-07-23 }} * [http://www.mybataan.com/content/view/74/239/ Balanga City General Information] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070928210559/http://www.mybnhs.com/ Bataan National High School] * [http://www.katropa.com Filipino Community] {{Navbox Bataan}} {{Philippine Provincial Capitals}} {{saringsing}} [[Kategorya: Mga syudad kan Filipinas]] 8j2g4makb2hsdh3suym7dmeoatz6r7z Juba 0 9132 311689 271394 2026-10-19T01:14:41Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 311689 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Ladawan:Juba Sudan aerial view.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Kun dungawon sa itaas an Juba]] [[Ladawan:Juba locator map.svg|right|thumb|220px|An kinamomogtakan kan Juba sa mapa kan Sudan]] [[Ladawan:Juba settlement.jpg|220px|right|thumb|Sarong baryo sa Juba]] An '''Juba''' (Arabe: جوبا‎‎) iyo an kabesera kan Republika nin Habagatan Sudan. Ini namomogtak sa salog kan Puting Nilo. Iyo man ini an kabesera alabes kan Central Equatoria, an pinakasadit sa sampolong estado kan Habagatan Sudan. == Populasyon == Kan 2005, an populasyon igdi nag'abot 163,442. Basado sa analisis kan mga retrato sa ayre, an iba nagsasabi na an populasyon kan 2006 naabot nang 250,000. Pero an sensus na ginibo kan Abril-Mayo 2008 kan ika-5ng Populasyon asin Paghaharong na Senso kan Sudan ikinaag sa 372,413 an bilang kan mga nag'eerok igdi, totoo an Autonomong Gobyerno kan Habagatan Sudan dai inako an resulta sa senso. An Juba iyo an saro sa marikason nanggad na magtalubo na siyudad sa kinaban gibo kan ingreso sa asayte asin huli kan mga Intsik na nagdarayo naghahanap nin trabaho asin nagkaraag nin mga proyekto igdi. {|class="wikitable" ! Taon!! Populasyon |- | 1973 (sensus) || align="right" | 56,737 |- | 1983 (sensus) || align="right" | 83,787 |- | 1993 (sensus) || align="right" | 114,980 |- | 2005 (tantya) || align="right" | 163,442 |- | 2006 (tantya) || align="right" | 250,000<ref>{{Cite web |title=Estimated Population In 2006 |url=http://www.tripwiser.com/trip_destination-Juba_Sudan?itiNodeId=8a8c80fe18ab78760118ac5f68cd2290&eType=site |access-date=2011-07-11 |archive-date=2011-07-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717105330/http://www.tripwiser.com/trip_destination-Juba_Sudan?itiNodeId=8a8c80fe18ab78760118ac5f68cd2290&eType=site |dead-url=yes}}</ref> |- |} == Mga panluwas na takod == * [http://www.youtube.com/user/equabroad/ Equatorians Abroad] * Fisher, J. 2005, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4461663.stm 'Southern Sudan's Front-line Town'], ''BBC News'', 20 April 2005. * Holt, K. 2007, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_pictures/6228705.stm 'In pictures: Juba's Street Struggle'], ''BBC News'', 4 January 2007. * [http://maps.msn.com/%284qtekv45uhbltjrm2wqp2u55%29/map.aspx?lats1=4.85&lons1=31.6&alts1=14&regn1=2 MSN Map – elevation = 550m]{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [http://www.friendsoftherail.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?f=27&t=2946 Sudan And Uganda Sign MoU To Develop Infrastructure] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111002103221/http://www.friendsoftherail.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?f=27&t=2946 |date=2011-10-02 }} * [http://newvision.co.ug/D/8/220/734095/ 'Gulu-Juba rail link underway'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101009035359/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/220/734095 |date=2010-10-09 }} * [http://www.radionilo.com 'South Sudan Internet radio'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101115063545/http://www.radionilo.com/ |date=2010-11-15 }} * [http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2010/11/16/103825/worlds-newest-nation-would-start.html World's Newest Nation would Start Almost from Scratch] – article & video by ''[[The McClatchy Company|McClatchy]]'' == Toltolan == {{reflist}} {{stub}} 7y4mqm6e835d1uwzkqj1c8bx7y98au3 Bongbong Marcos 0 13393 311690 305074 2026-10-19T01:53:40Z ~2026-55894-93 33356 /* Kaamayan kan buhay */ 311690 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | name = Bongbong Marcos | image = Portrait_of_President_Ferdinand_R._Marcos,_Jr_(cropped).jpg | caption = Si Marcos Jr. kan 2023 | office = [[Senado kan Filipinas|Senador kan Filipinas]] | term_start = Hunyo 30, 2010 | term_end = Hunyo 30, 2016 | office1 = Kaapil kan<br>[[House of Representatives of the Philippines|Philippine House of Representatives]]<br>from [[Legislative districts of Ilocos Norte#2nd District|Ilocos Norte]]'s [[Legislative districts of Ilocos Norte#2nd District|2nd]] district | term_start1 = June 30, 2007 | term_end1 = June 30, 2010 | predecessor1 = [[Imee Marcos]] | successor1 = [[Imelda Marcos]] | term_start2 = June 30, 1992 | term_end2 = June 30, 1995 | predecessor2 = [[Mariano Nalupta Jr.]] | successor2 = Simeon Valdez | office3 = Governor of [[Ilocos Norte]] | term_start3 = June 30, 1998 | term_end3 = June 30, 2007 | predecessor3 = Rodolfo Fariñas | successor3 = [[Michael Marcos Keon]] | term_start4 = 1983 | term_end4 = 1986 | predecessor4 = Elizabeth Keon | successor4 = [[Rodolfo Fariñas]] | office5 = Vice Governor of [[Ilocos Norte]] | term_start5 = 1980 | term_end5 = 1983 | birth_name = Ferdinand Romualdez Marcos Jr. | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1957|9|13}} | birth_place = [[Manila]], Philippines | death_date = | death_place = | party = [[Partido Federal ng Pilipinas|PFP]] {{small|(2021–present)}}<br/>[[Nacionalista Party|Nacionalista]] {{small|(2009–2021)}}<br /> [[Kilusang Bagong Lipunan]] {{small|(1980–2009)}} | spouse = {{marriage|Louise Araneta|1993}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Bongbong takes a bride|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=8cBNEdFwSQkC&dat=19930419&printsec=frontpage&hl=en|access-date=October 10, 2021|work=[[Manila Standard]]|publisher=Kamahalan Publishing Corp.|date=April 19, 1993|page=4|quote=Rep. Ferdinand (Bongbong) Marcos II wed his fiancee, Louise 'Lisa' Araneta Saturday [April 17] at the Church of St. Francis in [[Fiesole|Siesole]] [sic], Italy.}}</ref> | children = 3 | parents = [[Ferdinand Marcos|Ferdinand Marcos Sr.]]<br />[[Imelda Marcos]] | relatives = [[Marcos family]] | education = | module = {{Infobox YouTube personality | embed = y | channels = [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqgTKnYIeu4DNXGN5fBCY9Q Bongbong Marcos] | genre = [[News]], [[Vlogs]] | subscribers = 1.57 million | views = 66.3 million | silver_button = y | silver_year = 2020 | gold_button = y | gold_year = 2021 | stats_update = November 17, 2021 }} | website = {{URL|https://www.bongbongmarcos.com/|Official website}} | signature = Bongbong Marcos Signature.svg }} Si '''Ferdinand Romualdez Marcos, Jr.''' (namundag Septyembre 13, 1957), bantog sa gahang '''Bongbong Marcos''' asin inisyal na '''BBM''', iyo an ikaduwang aki asin iyo sanang lalaki kan dating presidente [[Ferdinand Marcos|Ferdinand E. Marcos]] asin dating primera dama na si [[Imelda Marcos|Imelda R. Marcos]]. Siya nagin [[Senado kan Filipinas|Senador]] sa [[ika-16 na Kongreso nin Filipinas]] asin iyo an ika-17 ng [[Presidente kan Filipinas|Presidente]] kan [[Republika kan Filipinas]]. Si Marcos nagsirbeng Gobernador kan [[Ilocos Norte]] (1983–1986, 1998–2007) asin bilang [[House of Representatives of the Philippines|Representante]] kan Ika-2ng Distrito kan Ilocos Norte (1992–1995, 2007–2010) sa lindong kan [[Kilusang Bagong Lipunan]], an partido politikal na tinogdas kan saiyang ama. Siya nagin man Deputy Minority Leader sa ikaduwang termino sa Kamara de Representantes.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Senator Ferdinand "Bongbong" R. Marcos, Jr. – Senate of the Philippines|url = http://senate.gov.ph/senators/sen_bio/bmarcos_bio.asp|website = senate.gov.ph|}}Kinua 27-02-16</ref> Kan 2010, siya naelihir bilang Senador kan Filipinas dara kan [[Partido Nacionalista]]. Siya nagkapot komo pamayo kan magkapirang komite sa Senado, siring kan Committee on Local Government asin Committee on Public Works, asin kaapil sa magkapira pang mga komite.<ref>{{cite web | title = List of Committees | publisher = Senate of the Philippines | date = February 5, 2014 | url = http://senate.gov.ph/committee/list.asp |}}Kinua 27-02-16</ref> Kan Oktobre 5, 2015, si Marcos pigbuyagyag an saiyang kandidatura para [[Bise Presidente kan Filipinas]] sa nagdadangadang na eleksyon heneral 2016.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url = http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2015/10/05/bongbong-marcos-vice-president-elections-2016-the-filipino-votes.html|title = Bongbong Marcos running for vice president in 2016|date = October 5, 2015|publisher = CNN|5 = |via = |accessdate = February 27, 2016|archivedate = October 8, 2015|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20151008085446/http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2015/10/05/bongbong-marcos-vice-president-elections-2016-the-filipino-votes.html}}Kinua 27-02-16</ref> Siya nagdalagan para bise-presidente kan eleksyon heneral taon 2016, alagad lima an kadungan niyang nagkandidato sa siring na pwesto. Dai siya nakaluwas huli ta an nanggana iyo si [[Leni Robredo]] na may 14,418,817 boto o 35.11 porsyento kan kagabsan na boto asin dinaog si Marcos nin 263,473 boto sa pwesto komo bise-presidente. Siya nagin kandidato sa eleksyon presidensyal 2022 kun sain guminana siya. ==Kaamayan kan buhay== [[Image:Marcos Pentagon 1982.jpg|thumb|left|Pagbisita kan pamilya Marcos sa [[Pentagon]] kan 1982.]] Si Ferdinand R. Marcos, Jr. Most Corrupt president of the Philippines namundag kan Septyembre 13, 1957 sa mag-agom na si dating Representante [[Ferdinand Marcos|Ferdinand E. Marcos]] asin [[Imelda Marcos|Imelda Remedios Visitacion Romualdez]]. Nag-adal siya sa Institucion Teresiana asin La Salle Greenhills sa [[Manila]], kun saen nakamit niya an edukasyon niya sa elementarya asin sekundarya. Ginahaan 'Bongbong', si Marcos nagpapel sa pelikula kan tunay-sa-buhay na istorya kan saiyang ama sa tituladong pelikulang, ''Iginuhit ng Tadhana'', bilang siya mismo, katampad si [[Vilma Santos]] na iyo an nagpapel bilang si tugang niyang si [[Imee Marcos]], [[Luis Gonzales]] bilang si ama niya, asin si [[Gloria Romero (aktres)|Gloria Romero]] komo iyo an ina niya.<ref>{{Cite web|title = The Philippine Star – Bongbong Marcos: iginuhit ng showbiz|url = http://www.bongbongmarcos.com/news/post/the-philippine-star-bongbong-marcos-iginuhit-ng-showbiz/|website = Bongbong Marcos|}}Kinua 27-02-16</ref> An pelikula tuyong ipinasale bago mangyari an eleksyon heneral 1965 na kun saen an ama niya na senador dati, naelihir na Presidente kan Filipinas. ==Edukasyon== Kan 1970, si Marcos pinaduman sa Inglatierra kun saen siya nag-estar asin nag-adal sa [[Worth School]] sarong gabosan-lalakeng institusyon kan mga [[Benedictino]]. Dangan kaidto, siya duman nagkua kan adal nin undergraduate. An saiyang resume soboot nagsasabi na siya nagtapos kan kurso bitbit an sarong Special Diploma in Social Studies hale sa [[University of Oxford|Oxford University]] sa Inglatierra.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Resume of Senator Ferdinand "Bongbong" R. Marcos, Jr. – Senate of the Philippines|url = http://senate.gov.ph/senators/sen_bio/bmarcos_resume.asp|website = senate.gov.ph|}}Kinua 27-02-16</ref> dawa totoo mayo man nin rekord na siya nagtapos sa siring na kurso sa nasabing unibersidad. Si Marcos nag-entra sa programa nin Masters in Business Administration sa [[Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania|Wharton School of Business, University of Pennsylvania]] sa Philadelphia, Estados Unidos. Alagad, dai niya inantos na matapos huli ta nagkandidato siya asin nanggana bilang Bise Gobernador kan [[Ilocos Norte]] kan 1980.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Bongbong Marcos: Oxford, Wharton educational record 'accurate'|url = http://www.rappler.com/nation/84959-bongbong-marcos-statement-oxford-wharton|website = Rappler|}}Kinua 27-02-16</ref> ==Karera sa pulitika== ===Pagpoon'poon=== An karera sa pulitika ni Bongbong Marcos nagpoon kan siya maelihir Bise Gobernador kan [[Ilocos Norte]] (1980–1983) sa hubinon na edad na 23. Kan 1983, namoon siya sa sarong delegasyon nin mga Filipinong lider na mga hubinon pa man asin nagpaTsina sa 10-aldaw na misyon diplomatiko kun saen nagrorokyaw duman kan ika-10ng anibersaryo kan relasyon sa pag'oltan kan Tsina asin Filipinas.<ref>{{Cite web|title = The Profile Engine|url = http://profileengine.com/groups/profile/436933420/bongbong-marcos|website = The Profile Engine|accessdate = |archive-date = 2018-04-28|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180428093438/http://profileengine.com/groups/profile/436933420/bongbong-marcos|dead-url = yes}}Kinua 27-02-16</ref> Si Marcos nagsakat bilang Gobernador kan Ilocos Norte (1983–1986) hanggan pagputok kan inapod na [[Rebolusyon kan Banwang Kapangyarihan]] kun saen napatalsik sa poder an saiyang pamilya. Kaya siya nag-erok kaiba an mga kapamilya duman sa Hawaii, E.U.<ref>{{Cite web|title = The End of an Era – Handholding Ferdinand Marcos in Exile {{!}} Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training|url = http://adst.org/2015/02/the-end-of-an-era-handholding-ferdinand-marcos-in-exile/|website = adst.org|}}Kinua 27-02-16</ref> ===Kongreso, enot na termino=== Si Bongbong Marcos iyo an saro sa magkapirang myembro kan saiyang pamilya na nagbaralik tolos sa Filipinas kan taon 1991. Pakalihis sanang sarong taon kaidto, siya naelehir na representante kan ika-2ng distrito nin Ilocos Norte (1992–1995).<ref>{{Cite web|title = Blackwater {{!}} Smell good, Feel good.|url = http://blackwater.com.ph/index.php/home/bong_bong_marcos|website = blackwater.com.ph|}}Kinua 27-02-16</ref> Sa saiyang turno, si Marcos iyo an autor o kagmukna kan 29 House bill asin kapwa-autor kan 90 pa, na kabali diyan an nagtaong dalan matogdas an [[Department of Energy (Philippines)|Department of Energy]] asin an [[National Youth Commission (Philippines)|National Youth Commission]].<ref>{{Cite web|title = Highlights: Bongbong Marcos as legislator|url = http://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/84936-highlights-bongbong-marcos-legislator|website = Rappler|}}Kinua 27-02-16</ref> Siya instrumental man sa pagpagantad kan hiron nin Kooperatibismo ta itinagama niya an kadakulaan kan saiyang Countryside Development Fund (CDF) sa pag-organisar kan mga kooperatiba nin mga paratokdo asin mga paraoma sa saiyang ginikanan na probinsya.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Page not found {{!}}|url = https://northwatch.wordpress.com/2009/12/17/bongbong%25E2%2580%2599-says-urdaneta-close-to-his-heart/|3 = |access-date = 2016-02-27|archive-date = 2018-01-23|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180123230314/https://northwatch.wordpress.com/2009/12/17/bongbong%E2%80%99-says-urdaneta-close-to-his-heart/|dead-url = yes}}Kinua 27-02-16</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title = About Bongbong Marcos|url = http://www.bongbongmarcos.com/about/|website = Bongbong Marcos|accessdate = kinua 27-02-16}}</ref> Sa [[Eleksyon senado Filipinas, 1995|eleksyon para sa Senado kan 1995]], si Marcos nagdalagan para Senador sa Senado nin Filipinas alagad dai nanggana.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Marcos hits alleged election cheating|url = http://www.upi.com/Archives/1995/05/22/Marcos-hits-alleged-election-cheating/1918801115200/|agency = United Press International|}}Kinua 27-02-16</ref> == Toltolan == {{reflist}} {{poon}} [[Kategorya:Mga senador kan Filipinas]] aa9zq8r3k1lb6gpe6km8vf2xksmzr2a Melchora Aquino 0 18959 311683 302878 2026-10-18T16:23:34Z Aleaivy 30661 Created by translating the section "Early life and marriage" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1379000120|Melchora Aquino]]" 311683 wikitext text/x-wiki {{about|nasyunal na heroe na bisto man bilang "Tandang Sora"|distrito|Syudad nin Quezon}} {{merge|An Buhay ni Tandang Sora - Melchora Aquino}} {{short description|Pilipinang Rebolusyunaryo}}{{Infobox person | name = Melchora Aquino de Ramos | image = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1812|1|6|mf=y}} | birth_place = Balintawak, [[Caloocan]] (parte ngunyan kan Syudad nin Quezon), [[Manila (probinsiya)|Probinsiya kan Manila]], [[Captaincy General of the Philippines]] | death_date = {{death date and age|1919|2|19|1812|1|6|mf=y}} | death_place = [[Caloocan]], [[Insular na Gobyerno kan Kaiislahang Filipinas|Kaiislahang Filipinas]] | death_cause = | nationality = [[Filipinas|Filipino]] | other_names = Tandang Sorâ | spouse = Fulgencio Ramos | children = 7 }} [[File:Melchora Aquino 2007 NHI historical marker.webp|thumb|An panhistoriyang palatandaan na pigkaag kan [[Nasyuna na Komisyon nin Panhistoriya kan Filipinas]] sa dambana ni Melchora Aquino sa Syudad nin Quezon kan 2012.]] Si '''Melchora Aquino de Ramos''' (ika-6 kan Enero 1812 – ika-19 kan Pebrero 1919), sarong [[Filipinas|Pilipina]]ng rebolusyunaryo na nagin bisto bilang "'''Tandang Sora'''" ("''Gurang na Sora''") nin huli ta sa saiyang edad sa kasagsagan kan Rebolusyong Pilipino . Bistado siya bilang "Kataas-taasang babaye kan [[Rebolusyong Pilipino|Rebolusyon]]" asin an "Ina kan Balintawak" para sa saiyang mga kaarambagan. ==Amay na pagkabuhay dangan pagkasal== Iminundag si Aquino kan ika-6 kan Enero 1812 sa Balintawak, Syudad nin Quezon.<ref name="Tandang Sora">{{cite book|title=Language Arts for the Filipino Learners: An Integrated Language and Reading Work-a-Text for Grade Four: Volume One|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g0UP7D0Pm48C&pg=PA106|publisher=Rex Bookstore, Inc.|isbn=978-971-23-1402-5|pages=106–}}</ref> Aki nin babaye si Aquino kan sarong magkapares na parabukid na sina Juan asin Valentina Aquino, dae siya naglalaog sa paadalan o eskwelahan. Alagad, mukang taratao siyang magbasa dangan magsurat sa amay na edad dangan talentado bilang sarong parakanta asin naggaganap sa mga lokal na mga kaganapan na iyo man sa [[Misa (liturhiya)|Misa]] para sa saiyang Simbahan. Minsan man siyang pigpili bilang sarong ''Reyna Elena'' sa kasagsagan kan "[[Flores de Mayo|Santacruzan]]" na sarong prosesyunal na rampahan nin ipagunita kan paghahanap ni [[Helena (Emperatris)|Reyna Helena]] kan [[Totoong Krus|Krus ni Kristo]], na pigseselebrar sa Filipinas kada bulan nin Mayo.<ref name = "Tandang Sora"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filipiknow.net/surprising-facts-about-melchora-aquino/|title=5 Surprising Facts About Melchora Aquino ('Tandang Sora')|date=19 March 2014|publisher=}}</ref> Kalaunan sa saiyang nuhay, ikinasal siya ki Fulgencio Ramos,<ref name = "Tandang Sora"/> na sarong ''cabeza de barrio'' (punong baryo), asin nagkaigwa nin anomna mga aki. Nagadan si Ramos kan nasa pito na an edad kan saiyang pinakabunsong aki dangan nawalat siya na solong magurang para sa saiyang mga aki. Nagpadagos si Aquino kan saiyang buhay bilang sarong ''hermana mayor'' na aktibo sa pagseselebrar nin ''[[Kapistahan|mga pista]]'', mga [[bautisimo]], dangan mga kasalan. Nagtrabaho siya nin marhay tanganing maitao sa saiyang mga aki an edukasyon.<ref name="Tandang Sora"/> ==Pagkakabayon sa Rebolusyon== Sa saiyang katutubong banwaan, nag-operar si Tandang Sora ni sarong bakalan o tindahan,<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jFY3CxmHk4cC&pg=PA207&dq=Melchora+Aquino+january+6&hl=fil&ei=kYYyTry4OMPRmAWu_4zwCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CEcQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Melchora%20Aquino%20january%206&f=false|title=Chronology of women's history|editor=Kirstin Olsen|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|year=1994|isbn=9780313288036}}</ref> na kun saen naging kublian para sa mga igwang helang asin sa mga rebolusyunaryong nalugadan. Pigpakakan niya,<ref name="Tandang Sora"/> pigtawanan man nin atensyon medikal asin pighihikayat an mga rebolusyunaryo na may payo nin garo ina danga mga pamibi. Sa saiya man na harong pasekretong nagpupulong an [[mga Katipunero]] (mga rebolusyunaryo). Kaya nakua niya an pangarang "Babaye kan Rebolusyon", "Ina kan Balintawak", "Ina kan [[Rebolusyong Pilipino]]", asin ''Tandang Sora'' (an ''Tandang'' gikan sa kataga o taraom na [[Tataramon na Tagalog|Tagalog]] ''matandâ'', na an boot sabihon gurang). Yaon siya asin an saiyang aki na si Juan Ramon sa [[Hibi kan Balintawak]] dangan nagin testigo sa pagpu'kit kan ''[[Sertipiko nin Komunidad na Buwis|mga sedula]]''.<ref name = "Tandang Sora"/> Kan naaraman kan mga [[Mga tawo nin Espanyol|mga Espanyol]] an manongod sa saindang mga aktibidades asin mga kaaraman sa kun saen man kan mga Katipunero, pigparahapot siya alagad nagtanggi siya na magsiwalat nin anuman na mga impormasyon. pigdakop siya kan mga ''[[guardia civil]]'' dangan pinaapon sa [[Guam]], [[Kaiislahang Marianas]],<ref name = "Tandang Sora"/> na kun saen siya asin an sarong babaye na pinagaranan na Segunda Puentes na pigdakop nin irarom na harong sa residensiya ni Don Justo Dungca.<ref>Augusto V. de Viana, "In the Far Islands,: The Role of Natives from the Philippinees in the Conquest, Colonization and Repopulation of the Mariana Islands. 2004:134.</ref><ref>Isagani R. Medina, "Melchora Aquino Wife of Fulgencio Ramos," In: ''Women in the Philippine Revolution'', Rafaelita Hilario Soriano, ed. Quezon City: Printon Press, 1995, pp 12-13.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref> Pagkatapos kan [[pagkontrol kan Estados Unidos sa Filipinas]] kadtong 1898, arog kan iba pang mga pigpaapon, nakabalik si Tandang Sora sa Filipinas, sagkod kan siya nagadan kan ika-19 kan Pebrero1919, sa edad na 107.<ref name="Tandang Sora"/> An saiyang labi piglipat sa saiyang sadiring bakudan (ngunyan bisto sa Pan-alaalang Parke nin Himlayang Pilipino, [[Syudad nin Quezon]]).{{citation needed|date=January 2018}} [[Image:Melchora100pesos.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Pigtanghal si Melchora Aquino sa ''[[English Series]]'' na 100 na [[piso kan Filipinas|piso]]ng [[Papel de bangko kan Pilipinong piso|papel de bangko]].]] == Pagkabuhay asin pag-agom == [[File:Melchora_Aquino_2007_NHI_historical_marker.webp|wala|thumb|An historical marker na pigbugtak kan National Historical Commission of the Philippines sa Melchora Aquino Shrine sa Quezon City kan 2007]] Si Melchora Aquino ipinangaki kan Enero 6, 1812, sa Barrio Banlat, [[Caloocan]] (an presenteng Barangay Tandang Sora, [[Syudad nin Quezon|Quezon City]] ). Namundag sa kapiyestahan kan Epiphany, pinangaranan siya hali ki Melchior, saro sa Tolong Madunong na Lalaki . Si Melchora, aking babae kan mag-agom na paraoma, si Juan asin Valentina Aquino, dai nanggad nag-eskwela. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Doran|first=Christine|date=1998|title=Women in the Philippine Revolution|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42634272|journal=Philippine Studies|volume=46|issue=3|pages=361–375|access-date=2024-04-14}}</ref> Alagad, sangko garo baga siya tataong magbasa asin magsurat sa aking edad asin may talento bilang sarong parakanta asin nagtugtog sa mga lokal na okasyon dangay man sa Misa para sa saiyang Simbahan. Pirme man siyang napipili para sa papel na ''Reyna Elena'' sa panahon kan " [[Flores de Mayo|Santacruzan]] ", sarong prusisyonal na pagent sa pagromdom kan pagkakua [[Elena kan Constantinople|ni Emperatriz Helen]] kan [[Banal na Krus|Krus ni Kristo]], na pigseselebrar kan mga Pilipino sa bulan ning Mayo. Sa huri, saiyang inagom si Fulgencio Ramos, sarong ''cabeza de barrio'' (hepe kan baryo), asin nagkaigwang anom na aki. Bilang saiyang agom, siya namidbid bilang '''Melchora Aquino de Ramos''' ("kan Ramos"). Nagadan an saiyang agom kan an saindang pinakanguhof na aki na nasa edas ning 7 anyos, asin siya nawalat bilang nagsosolong magurang para sa saindang mga aki. Siya, si Tandang Sora nagpadagos man garay kan saiyang buhay bilang ''hermana alkalde'' na aktibo sa pagselebrar ''[[Festival|nin mga fiesta]]'', bunyag, asin kasal. Nagtrabaho siya nin maray asin maigot tanganing matawan nin edukasyon an saiyang mga aki. ==Legasiya== Bilang sarong patotoo kan pagbisto kan utang na loob, an distritong [[Syudad nin Quezon]] asin an dalan pinagaranan ki Aquino. Pigkaag man an saiyang ''profile'' sa limang-sentimong sensilyo kan Filipinas kan 1967-92. Siya na enot na Pilipina na nagbutwa sa sarong mga [[Papel de bangko kan Pilipinong piso|papel de bangko nin Pilipinong piso]], sa kasong ini, sarong 100-peso bill gikan sa English Series (1951–66). Ipigpangaran an Kalye Tandang Sora sa syudad kan San Francisco, California, Estados Unidos, para sa saiyang honor.{{citation needed|date=January 2018}} Kan 2012, sa selebrasyon kan saiyang ika-200 na kaaldawan, nagdesisyon an Gobyerno Syudad kan Syudad nin Quezon ia ilipat an mga labi ni Aquino gikan sa Pan-alaalang Parke nin Himlayang Pilipino paduman sa [[Nasyunal na Dambana ni Tandang Sora]] sa Banlat, Syudad nin Quezon. pigdeklara man kan gobyerno syudad an 2012 na magin Taon ni Tandang Sora.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.philstar.com/nation/article.aspx?publicationsubcategoryid=65&articleid=765181 |title = P-Noy to lead re-interment of Tandang Sora's remains |accessdate = |author = |last = |first = |authorlink = |coauthors = |date = |work = |publisher = ''Worldcoingallery.com'' }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://opinion.inquirer.net/20595/tandang-sora-home-on-her-200th-birthday |title = Tandang Sora home on her 200th birthday |accessdate = 2012-01-08 |author = |last = Ocampo |first = Ambeth |authorlink = Ambeth Ocampo|coauthors = |date = |work = |publisher = [[Philippine Daily Inquirer]] }}</ref> An saiyang mga ginikanan nagdadara nin manlaen-laen na mga apelyido, na haros gabos nag-eerok na sa Novaliches asin sa mga distritong Tandang Sora sa Syudad nin Quezon na iyo man sa Guam (USA) arog kan Figueroa, Ramos (apelyido kan saiyang agom), Geronimo, Eugenio, Cleofas asin Apo.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Heirs want Tandang Sora holiday declared|url = http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/123803/heirs-want-tandang-sora-holiday-declared|website = newsinfo.inquirer.net|accessdate = 2015-09-04|last = INQUIRER.net}}</ref> ==Sa popular na kultura== * Pigkurit ni Angelita Loresco sa 2013 TV series na ''[[Katipunan (serye nin TV)|Katipunan]]''. * Pigkurit ni Erlinda Villalobos sa pelikula kan 2014 na ''[[Bonifacio: Ang Unang Pangulo]]''. * Reperensiya sa kantang “Babae” Kan Inang Laya ==Toltolan== {{reflist}} ==Mga panluwas na takod== {{Commons category}} * [https://bayaningfilipino.blogspot.com/2017/07/talambuhay-ni-melchora-aquino-tandang.html An biograpiya ni Melchora Aquino na nakasurat sa tataramon na tagalog ] * [https://ourhappyschool.com/philippine-studies/10-interesting-information-about-melchora-aquino An 10 interesadong mga impormasyon manongod sa buhay kan nasyunal na heroeng si Melchora Aquino] * [https://www.pinoyedition.com/talambuhay-ng-mga-bayani/melchora-aquino/ talambuhay ni Melchora Aquino] {{saringsing}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Aquino, Melchora}} [[Kategorya:Mga tawo na gikan sa Caloocan]] [[Kategorya:Mga tawo kan Rebolusyong Pilipino]] [[kategorya:Mga babaye na nasa gera sa Filipinas]] 1cbkplac31llws9y0blct5i31mphk71 311684 311683 2026-10-18T16:25:59Z Aleaivy 30661 Created by translating the section "__LEAD_SECTION__" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1379000120|Melchora Aquino]]" 311684 wikitext text/x-wiki {{about|nasyunal na heroe na bisto man bilang "Tandang Sora"|distrito|Syudad nin Quezon}} {{merge|An Buhay ni Tandang Sora - Melchora Aquino}} {{short description|Pilipinang Rebolusyunaryo}}{{Infobox person | name = Melchora Aquino de Ramos | image = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1812|1|6|mf=y}} | birth_place = Balintawak, [[Caloocan]] (parte ngunyan kan Syudad nin Quezon), [[Manila (probinsiya)|Probinsiya kan Manila]], [[Captaincy General of the Philippines]] | death_date = {{death date and age|1919|2|19|1812|1|6|mf=y}} | death_place = [[Caloocan]], [[Insular na Gobyerno kan Kaiislahang Filipinas|Kaiislahang Filipinas]] | death_cause = | nationality = [[Filipinas|Filipino]] | other_names = Tandang Sorâ | spouse = Fulgencio Ramos | children = 7 }} [[File:Melchora Aquino 2007 NHI historical marker.webp|thumb|An panhistoriyang palatandaan na pigkaag kan [[Nasyuna na Komisyon nin Panhistoriya kan Filipinas]] sa dambana ni Melchora Aquino sa Syudad nin Quezon kan 2012.]] Si '''Melchora Aquino de Ramos''' (ika-6 kan Enero 1812 – ika-19 kan Pebrero 1919), sarong [[Filipinas|Pilipina]]ng rebolusyunaryo na nagin bisto bilang "'''Tandang Sora'''" ("''Gurang na Sora''") nin huli ta sa saiyang edad sa kasagsagan kan Rebolusyong Pilipino . Bistado siya bilang "Kataas-taasang babaye kan [[Rebolusyong Pilipino|Rebolusyon]]" asin an "Ina kan Balintawak" para sa saiyang mga kaarambagan. {{Infobox tawo|name=Melchora Aquino|image=Melchora Aquino de Ramos.jpg|image_size=|caption=Aquino in {{circa|1896}}}}'''Si Melchora Aquino''' (Enero 6, 1812 - Pebrero 19, 1919) bisto bilang sarong rebolusyonaryong [[Mga Pilipino|Filipino]] . Nabisto asin nabidbid siya sa apod na " '''Tandang Sora''' " ("tandang" boot sabihon "gurang") nin huli kan saiyang paggurang sa panahon kan Rebolusyon Filipinas (1896-1899). Midbid man siya bilang "Grand Woman of the Revolution" asin "Ina kan Balintawak" huli kan saiyang mga kontribusyon. ==Amay na pagkabuhay dangan pagkasal== Iminundag si Aquino kan ika-6 kan Enero 1812 sa Balintawak, Syudad nin Quezon.<ref name="Tandang Sora">{{cite book|title=Language Arts for the Filipino Learners: An Integrated Language and Reading Work-a-Text for Grade Four: Volume One|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g0UP7D0Pm48C&pg=PA106|publisher=Rex Bookstore, Inc.|isbn=978-971-23-1402-5|pages=106–}}</ref> Aki nin babaye si Aquino kan sarong magkapares na parabukid na sina Juan asin Valentina Aquino, dae siya naglalaog sa paadalan o eskwelahan. Alagad, mukang taratao siyang magbasa dangan magsurat sa amay na edad dangan talentado bilang sarong parakanta asin naggaganap sa mga lokal na mga kaganapan na iyo man sa [[Misa (liturhiya)|Misa]] para sa saiyang Simbahan. Minsan man siyang pigpili bilang sarong ''Reyna Elena'' sa kasagsagan kan "[[Flores de Mayo|Santacruzan]]" na sarong prosesyunal na rampahan nin ipagunita kan paghahanap ni [[Helena (Emperatris)|Reyna Helena]] kan [[Totoong Krus|Krus ni Kristo]], na pigseselebrar sa Filipinas kada bulan nin Mayo.<ref name = "Tandang Sora"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filipiknow.net/surprising-facts-about-melchora-aquino/|title=5 Surprising Facts About Melchora Aquino ('Tandang Sora')|date=19 March 2014|publisher=}}</ref> Kalaunan sa saiyang nuhay, ikinasal siya ki Fulgencio Ramos,<ref name = "Tandang Sora"/> na sarong ''cabeza de barrio'' (punong baryo), asin nagkaigwa nin anomna mga aki. Nagadan si Ramos kan nasa pito na an edad kan saiyang pinakabunsong aki dangan nawalat siya na solong magurang para sa saiyang mga aki. Nagpadagos si Aquino kan saiyang buhay bilang sarong ''hermana mayor'' na aktibo sa pagseselebrar nin ''[[Kapistahan|mga pista]]'', mga [[bautisimo]], dangan mga kasalan. Nagtrabaho siya nin marhay tanganing maitao sa saiyang mga aki an edukasyon.<ref name="Tandang Sora"/> ==Pagkakabayon sa Rebolusyon== Sa saiyang katutubong banwaan, nag-operar si Tandang Sora ni sarong bakalan o tindahan,<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jFY3CxmHk4cC&pg=PA207&dq=Melchora+Aquino+january+6&hl=fil&ei=kYYyTry4OMPRmAWu_4zwCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CEcQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Melchora%20Aquino%20january%206&f=false|title=Chronology of women's history|editor=Kirstin Olsen|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|year=1994|isbn=9780313288036}}</ref> na kun saen naging kublian para sa mga igwang helang asin sa mga rebolusyunaryong nalugadan. Pigpakakan niya,<ref name="Tandang Sora"/> pigtawanan man nin atensyon medikal asin pighihikayat an mga rebolusyunaryo na may payo nin garo ina danga mga pamibi. Sa saiya man na harong pasekretong nagpupulong an [[mga Katipunero]] (mga rebolusyunaryo). Kaya nakua niya an pangarang "Babaye kan Rebolusyon", "Ina kan Balintawak", "Ina kan [[Rebolusyong Pilipino]]", asin ''Tandang Sora'' (an ''Tandang'' gikan sa kataga o taraom na [[Tataramon na Tagalog|Tagalog]] ''matandâ'', na an boot sabihon gurang). Yaon siya asin an saiyang aki na si Juan Ramon sa [[Hibi kan Balintawak]] dangan nagin testigo sa pagpu'kit kan ''[[Sertipiko nin Komunidad na Buwis|mga sedula]]''.<ref name = "Tandang Sora"/> Kan naaraman kan mga [[Mga tawo nin Espanyol|mga Espanyol]] an manongod sa saindang mga aktibidades asin mga kaaraman sa kun saen man kan mga Katipunero, pigparahapot siya alagad nagtanggi siya na magsiwalat nin anuman na mga impormasyon. pigdakop siya kan mga ''[[guardia civil]]'' dangan pinaapon sa [[Guam]], [[Kaiislahang Marianas]],<ref name = "Tandang Sora"/> na kun saen siya asin an sarong babaye na pinagaranan na Segunda Puentes na pigdakop nin irarom na harong sa residensiya ni Don Justo Dungca.<ref>Augusto V. de Viana, "In the Far Islands,: The Role of Natives from the Philippinees in the Conquest, Colonization and Repopulation of the Mariana Islands. 2004:134.</ref><ref>Isagani R. Medina, "Melchora Aquino Wife of Fulgencio Ramos," In: ''Women in the Philippine Revolution'', Rafaelita Hilario Soriano, ed. Quezon City: Printon Press, 1995, pp 12-13.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref> Pagkatapos kan [[pagkontrol kan Estados Unidos sa Filipinas]] kadtong 1898, arog kan iba pang mga pigpaapon, nakabalik si Tandang Sora sa Filipinas, sagkod kan siya nagadan kan ika-19 kan Pebrero1919, sa edad na 107.<ref name="Tandang Sora"/> An saiyang labi piglipat sa saiyang sadiring bakudan (ngunyan bisto sa Pan-alaalang Parke nin Himlayang Pilipino, [[Syudad nin Quezon]]).{{citation needed|date=January 2018}} [[Image:Melchora100pesos.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Pigtanghal si Melchora Aquino sa ''[[English Series]]'' na 100 na [[piso kan Filipinas|piso]]ng [[Papel de bangko kan Pilipinong piso|papel de bangko]].]] == Pagkabuhay asin pag-agom == [[File:Melchora_Aquino_2007_NHI_historical_marker.webp|wala|thumb|An historical marker na pigbugtak kan National Historical Commission of the Philippines sa Melchora Aquino Shrine sa Quezon City kan 2007]] Si Melchora Aquino ipinangaki kan Enero 6, 1812, sa Barrio Banlat, [[Caloocan]] (an presenteng Barangay Tandang Sora, [[Syudad nin Quezon|Quezon City]] ). Namundag sa kapiyestahan kan Epiphany, pinangaranan siya hali ki Melchior, saro sa Tolong Madunong na Lalaki . Si Melchora, aking babae kan mag-agom na paraoma, si Juan asin Valentina Aquino, dai nanggad nag-eskwela. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Doran|first=Christine|date=1998|title=Women in the Philippine Revolution|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42634272|journal=Philippine Studies|volume=46|issue=3|pages=361–375|access-date=2024-04-14}}</ref> Alagad, sangko garo baga siya tataong magbasa asin magsurat sa aking edad asin may talento bilang sarong parakanta asin nagtugtog sa mga lokal na okasyon dangay man sa Misa para sa saiyang Simbahan. Pirme man siyang napipili para sa papel na ''Reyna Elena'' sa panahon kan " [[Flores de Mayo|Santacruzan]] ", sarong prusisyonal na pagent sa pagromdom kan pagkakua [[Elena kan Constantinople|ni Emperatriz Helen]] kan [[Banal na Krus|Krus ni Kristo]], na pigseselebrar kan mga Pilipino sa bulan ning Mayo. Sa huri, saiyang inagom si Fulgencio Ramos, sarong ''cabeza de barrio'' (hepe kan baryo), asin nagkaigwang anom na aki. Bilang saiyang agom, siya namidbid bilang '''Melchora Aquino de Ramos''' ("kan Ramos"). Nagadan an saiyang agom kan an saindang pinakanguhof na aki na nasa edas ning 7 anyos, asin siya nawalat bilang nagsosolong magurang para sa saindang mga aki. Siya, si Tandang Sora nagpadagos man garay kan saiyang buhay bilang ''hermana alkalde'' na aktibo sa pagselebrar ''[[Festival|nin mga fiesta]]'', bunyag, asin kasal. Nagtrabaho siya nin maray asin maigot tanganing matawan nin edukasyon an saiyang mga aki. ==Legasiya== Bilang sarong patotoo kan pagbisto kan utang na loob, an distritong [[Syudad nin Quezon]] asin an dalan pinagaranan ki Aquino. Pigkaag man an saiyang ''profile'' sa limang-sentimong sensilyo kan Filipinas kan 1967-92. Siya na enot na Pilipina na nagbutwa sa sarong mga [[Papel de bangko kan Pilipinong piso|papel de bangko nin Pilipinong piso]], sa kasong ini, sarong 100-peso bill gikan sa English Series (1951–66). Ipigpangaran an Kalye Tandang Sora sa syudad kan San Francisco, California, Estados Unidos, para sa saiyang honor.{{citation needed|date=January 2018}} Kan 2012, sa selebrasyon kan saiyang ika-200 na kaaldawan, nagdesisyon an Gobyerno Syudad kan Syudad nin Quezon ia ilipat an mga labi ni Aquino gikan sa Pan-alaalang Parke nin Himlayang Pilipino paduman sa [[Nasyunal na Dambana ni Tandang Sora]] sa Banlat, Syudad nin Quezon. pigdeklara man kan gobyerno syudad an 2012 na magin Taon ni Tandang Sora.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.philstar.com/nation/article.aspx?publicationsubcategoryid=65&articleid=765181 |title = P-Noy to lead re-interment of Tandang Sora's remains |accessdate = |author = |last = |first = |authorlink = |coauthors = |date = |work = |publisher = ''Worldcoingallery.com'' }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://opinion.inquirer.net/20595/tandang-sora-home-on-her-200th-birthday |title = Tandang Sora home on her 200th birthday |accessdate = 2012-01-08 |author = |last = Ocampo |first = Ambeth |authorlink = Ambeth Ocampo|coauthors = |date = |work = |publisher = [[Philippine Daily Inquirer]] }}</ref> An saiyang mga ginikanan nagdadara nin manlaen-laen na mga apelyido, na haros gabos nag-eerok na sa Novaliches asin sa mga distritong Tandang Sora sa Syudad nin Quezon na iyo man sa Guam (USA) arog kan Figueroa, Ramos (apelyido kan saiyang agom), Geronimo, Eugenio, Cleofas asin Apo.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Heirs want Tandang Sora holiday declared|url = http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/123803/heirs-want-tandang-sora-holiday-declared|website = newsinfo.inquirer.net|accessdate = 2015-09-04|last = INQUIRER.net}}</ref> ==Sa popular na kultura== * Pigkurit ni Angelita Loresco sa 2013 TV series na ''[[Katipunan (serye nin TV)|Katipunan]]''. * Pigkurit ni Erlinda Villalobos sa pelikula kan 2014 na ''[[Bonifacio: Ang Unang Pangulo]]''. * Reperensiya sa kantang “Babae” Kan Inang Laya ==Toltolan== {{reflist}} ==Mga panluwas na takod== {{Commons category}} * [https://bayaningfilipino.blogspot.com/2017/07/talambuhay-ni-melchora-aquino-tandang.html An biograpiya ni Melchora Aquino na nakasurat sa tataramon na tagalog ] * [https://ourhappyschool.com/philippine-studies/10-interesting-information-about-melchora-aquino An 10 interesadong mga impormasyon manongod sa buhay kan nasyunal na heroeng si Melchora Aquino] * [https://www.pinoyedition.com/talambuhay-ng-mga-bayani/melchora-aquino/ talambuhay ni Melchora Aquino] {{saringsing}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Aquino, Melchora}} [[Kategorya:Mga tawo na gikan sa Caloocan]] [[Kategorya:Mga tawo kan Rebolusyong Pilipino]] [[kategorya:Mga babaye na nasa gera sa Filipinas]] dfvlf3wnka26tvsakptxb4jwcai1p29 Wikipedyang Aseri 0 20220 311695 279639 2026-10-19T04:43:37Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 311695 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox websityo | name = Azerbaijani Wikipedia | screenshot = | logo = [[File:Wikipedia-logo-v2-az.png|135px]] | caption = | url = [http://az.wikipedia.org/ az.wikipedia.org] | commercial = Hindi | location = Miami, Florida | type = [[Internet encyclopedia project]] | language = [[Tataramon na Aserbayhani]] ([[Tataramon na Aserbayhano]])<br>[[Tataramon na Habagatan nin Azeri|Habagatan nin Azerbaijani]] | registration = Opsyunal | owner = [[Wikimedia Foundation]] }} An '''Wikipedyang Aseri''' ({{lang-az|Azərbaycanca Vikipediya}}) sarong edisyon nin [[Wikipedya]] sa [[tataramon na Aseri]] asin binukasan ini kaidtong Enero 2002.<ref name="az.wp oldid=1">{{Cite web|url=https://az.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ana_S%C9%99hif%C9%99&oldid=1|title=Ana Səhifə|date=2 June 2002|access-date=31 July 2019|via=Wikipedia}}</ref> Ngunyan na na mga artikulo an wikipedyang Aseri asin igwa man ining mga rehistradong paragamit, asin man igwa nin mga paragamit na [[tagapangasiwa]]. ==Uusipon== [[File:Azerbaijani book about Wikipedia.jpg|thumbnail|Mga libro nin Wikipedyang Aserbayhani]] Kan 2010, naipublikar ninda Rasim Aliguliyev asin an senyor na siyentista na si Irada Alakbarova an mga libro na wikipedyang Aserbayhano.<ref name=azwiki>{{cite web|script-title=ru:В Баку выпустили книгу «Википедия. Виртуальная энциклопедия»|url=http://www.encyclopedia.ru/news/enc/detail/39543/?sphrase_id=15480847|accessdate=14 November 2014|language=Russian|archive-date=8 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150608031655/http://www.encyclopedia.ru/news/enc/detail/39543/?sphrase_id=15480847|dead-url=yes}}</ref> The book edited by Alovsat Aliyev.<ref name=azwiki/> ==Toltolan== {{reflist}} {{Authority control}} {{Poon}} [[Kategorya:Wikipedia]] [[Kategorya:Tataramon na Aserbayhani]] kglzmava6ic40xx2enx5n8pb1xenn5e Najjar Abdul-Musawwir 0 24920 311691 262232 2026-10-19T02:43:23Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 311691 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox tawo|name=Najjar Abdul-Musawwir|birth_name=|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|1958|10|25}}|birth_place=[[Chicago]], [[Illinois]]|death_date=|death_place=|education=[[Southern Illinois University]] ([[Master of Fine Arts|MFA]])|occupation={{flatlist| *artist *professor}}|years_active=1992-present|credits=}} Si '''Najjar Abdul-Musawwir''' (namundag kan Oktubre 25, 1958) sarong Aprikano-Amerikano na pintor asin propesor sa studio arts asin kasaysayan nin arte. An saiyang gibo nailuwas na sa bilog na kinaban, kabali na dyan an sa Estados Unidos, Europa, Aprika, asin Asya. Nagtutukdo siya sa Southern Illinois University Carbondale's School of Art and Design.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cola.siu.edu/artanddesign/faculty-staff/faculty-directory/studio/najjar-abdul-musawwir.php|publisher=Southern Indiana University|title=Najjar Abdul-Musawwir|access-date=2021-04-17|archive-date=2020-07-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724204948/https://cola.siu.edu/artanddesign/faculty-staff/faculty-directory/studio/najjar-abdul-musawwir.php|dead-url=yes}}</ref> == Kaamayi kan buhay asin edukasyon == Si Najjar Abdul-Musawwir nagdakula sa luwas kan [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]] sa sur-subangan kan Harvey. <ref name="Green">{{Cite news|title=Seeing the possibilities: Najjar Abdul-Musawwir paints, teaches -- and hopes -- for generations to come|url=https://thesouthern.com/lifestyles/magazine/artists/seeing-the-possibilities-najjar-abdul-musawwir-paints-teaches----and-hopes--/article_7fdbc550-f17f-5cf4-af70-2ee6a61052c9.html|publisher=The Southern Illinoisan|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417140041/https://thesouthern.com/lifestyles/magazine/artists/seeing-the-possibilities-najjar-abdul-musawwir-paints-teaches----and-hopes--/article_7fdbc550-f17f-5cf4-af70-2ee6a61052c9.html|archivedate=2021-04-17|accessdate=2021-04-17}}</ref> Narurumduman nya na inot nagahangahan sa arteng amateur na ginigibo kan saiyang ama asin pinsan kan siya mga pito o walong taon pa sana sya kaidto. Alagad kan panahon na namoot na sya sa arte yaon na sya sa ikaapat na grado, matapos an sarong proyekto sa arte sa eskwelahan na kabali an pagbugtak nin itom sa ibang kolor sa sarong crayon na panggurit, dangan sina'lot an mga itom tangani magluwas an mga kolor sa irarom. Ikinukumparar niya an oras na iyan sa ''"sarong siyentista na nakadiskobre nin penicillin.''"<ref name="BAA">{{Cite web|url=https://www.blackartinamerica.com/index.php/2020/01/15/from-prison-to-professor-the-life-times-of-najjar-abdul-musawwir/|publisher=Black Art in America|title=From Prison to Professor - The Life and Times of Najjar Abdul-Musawwir|access-date=2021-04-17|archive-date=2020-07-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724222944/https://www.blackartinamerica.com/index.php/2020/01/15/from-prison-to-professor-the-life-times-of-najjar-abdul-musawwir/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> == Personal na buhay == Igwa siya nin apat na aking babae asin ikinasal siya ki Khaleelah.<ref name="BAA"/> == Reperensya ==  {{reflist}} [[Kategorya:Mga artikulo sa Art+Feminism in the Philippines 2021]] mgvmb1wxdhmqi4a3ieuwqqn9bhfuiei Rama 0 38658 311685 237937 2026-10-18T20:30:25Z Rotondus 16025 311685 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Ladawan:Lord Rama with arrows.jpg|right|thumb|Si Rama may darang pana, amay na ika-19 siglo na paglaladawan]] Si '''Rama''' ([[Sanskrito]]: राम, romanisado: rāma), '''Ram''', '''Raman''' o '''Ramar''', na bisto man na '''Ramachandra''' (IAST: Rāmacandra, Sanskrito: रामचन्द्र), sarong pangenot na dios sa [[Hinduismo]]. Siya an ikapito asin saro sa pinakapopular na [[avatar]] nin [[Vishnu]]. Sa Rama-sentrikong tradisyon kan Hinduismo, siya an konsideradong Supremong Persona.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VV7leonJ8aQC&pg=PA871|title=Sri Ramacaritamanasa|last=Tulasīdāsa|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|year=1999|isbn=978-81-208-0762-4|pages=871–872|translator-last=Prasad|translator-first=RC|author-link=Tulsidas|translator-link=R. C. Prakash}}</ref> Sinasabing si Rama namundag sa Kaushalya asin Dasharatha sa Ayodhya, an tagapamahala kan Kahadean nin Kosala. Kaiba sa saiyang mga tugang si Lakshmana, Bharata, asin Shatrughna. Inagom niya si Sita. Minsan ngani namundag sa sarong pamilya nin hade, an saindang buhay ilinaladawan sa mga tekstong Hindu bilang saro na inaangat nin dai linalaoman na mga pagbabago arog baga nin pagkadistiero sa pobre asin masakit na mga kamugtakan, mga problema sa etika asin moral.<ref name="Brackney2013p238" /> Sa gabos nindang travail, an pinakalataw iyo an pagkidnap ki Sita kan demonyong si Ravana, na sinundan kan determinado asin epikong paghihingoa ni Rama asin Lakshmana na makamtan an saiyang katalingkasan asin raoton an demonyong si Ravana tumang sa darakulang disbentaha. An bilog na estorya nin buhay ni Rama, Sita asin kan saindang kairiba matalinhagang pinag - oolayan an mga obligasyon, diretso asin sosyal na mga paninimbagan nin sarong indibiduwal. Iyan nag - iilustrar nin dharma asin dharmic na pamumuhay sa paagi kan modelong mga karakter.<ref name="Brackney2013p238">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KZRgAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA238|title=Human Rights and the World's Major Religions, 2nd Edition|last=William H. Brackney|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2013|isbn=978-1-4408-2812-6|pages=238–239}}</ref><ref name="Hindery1978p95">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-FswBLvTkvQC&pg=PA95|title=Comparative Ethics in Hindu and Buddhist Traditions|last=Roderick Hindery|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|year=1978|isbn=978-81-208-0866-9|pages=95–124}}</ref> Si Rama nangorognang mahalaga sa [[Vaishnavismo]]. Siya an sentrong pigura kan suanoy na epikong Hindu na [[Ramayana]], sarong teksto na historikal na bantogan sa mga kulturang Habagatan na Asya asin Sur-subangan na Asya.<ref name="goldmanrama">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DWX43jnbOngC|title=The Ramayana of Valmiki: Balakanda|last=Vālmīki|publisher=[[Princeton University Press]]|year=1990|isbn=978-1-4008-8455-1|page=3|translator-last=Goldman|translator-first=Robert P.|author-link=Valmiki|translator-link=Robert P. Goldman}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fx3mpR4uKmkC&pg=PA51|title=Narrative Sculpture and Literary Traditions in South and Southeast Asia|last=Marijke J. Klokke|publisher=BRILL|year=2000|isbn=90-04-11865-9|pages=51–57}}</ref> An saiyang suanoy na mga osipon nakaakit sa mga bhasya (mga komentaryo) asin mahiwas na literaturang sekundarya asin ipinasabong na mga arte sa pagperform. Halimbawa, an duwa sa siring na mga teksto iyo an Adhyatma Ramayana - sarong espiritwal asin teolohikong tratado na kinonsiderar na pundasyonal kan mga monasteryong Ramanandi, asin Ramcharitmanas - sarong popular na tratado na nakakapukaw sa rinibong aktibidad sa kapiestahan nin Ramlila durante kan tigrakdag kada taon sa India.<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|James G. Lochtefeld|2002}}.</ref><ref name="Jennifer Lindsay 2006 12–14">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ks-nUAO_fJgC&pg=PA12|title=Between Tongues: Translation And/of/in Performance in Asia|last=Jennifer Lindsay|publisher=National University of Singapore Press|year=2006|isbn=978-9971-69-339-8|pages=12–14}}</ref> Mahihiling man an mga osipon ni Rama sa mga teksto kan Jainismo asin Budhismo, minsan ngani kun minsan inaapod siyang Pauma o Padma sa mga tekstong ini, asin an saindang mga detalye dakula an pagkakaiba sa mga bersyon kan Hindu.<ref name="ClausDiamond2003p508">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ienxrTPHzzwC&pg=PA508|title=South Asian Folklore: An Encyclopedia : Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka|last=Peter J. Claus|last2=Sarah Diamond|last3=Margaret Ann Mills|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=2003|isbn=978-0-415-93919-5|page=508}}</ref> Si Jain Texts sinambit man si Rama bilang ikawalong balabhadra sa tahaw kan 63 na salakapurusas. Sa Sikhismo, si Rama nasambit na saro sa duwang polo may apat na banal na inkarnasyon ni Vishnu sa Chaubis Avtar sa Dasam Granth.<ref name="King">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0FvH1aCXETwC|title=The intimate other: love divine in Indic religions|last=King|first=Anna S.|publisher=Orient Blackswan|year=2005|isbn=978-81-250-2801-7|pages=32–33}}</ref><ref name="Matchett">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1oqTYiPeAxMC|title=Krishna, Lord or Avatara?: the relationship between Krishna and Vishnu|last=Matchett|first=Freda|publisher=9780700712816|year=2001|isbn=978-0-7007-1281-6|pages=3–4}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Robin Rinehart|2011}}.</ref> == Toltolan == {{reflist}} {{stub}} fvrsp7lgv1vlwitbxfpp5xpqc83lamm 2020 0 43691 311686 295556 2026-10-18T22:47:56Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 311686 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Ladawan:Tokyo 2020 Olympics 1000yen proof coin reverse.jpg|thumb|Medalya sa Olimpyada kan 2020]]An '''2020''' (MMXX) iyo sarong [[taong bisyesto]] na nagpoon sa [[Miyerkules]] sa [[kalendaryong Gregoryano]], an ika-2020 taon sa [[Ordinaryong Panahon]] asin [[Anno Domini]] (AD), an ika-20 taon nin [[ika-3 milenyo]], an ika-20 taon nin [[ika-20 siglo]], asin an enot na taon nin [[dekada 2020]]. Magabat na natawan nin depinisyon an 2020 nin [[pandemyang COVID-19]], na nagtao nin pankinaban na istorbo sa komunidad asin ekonomiya, an darakulang pagkansela asin pagpundo ngona nin mga pangyayari, asin an pinakadakulang ekonomikong [[resesyon]] poon kaidtong [[An Dakulang Depresyon|Dakulang Depresyon]] nin [[dekada 1930]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=IMFBlog|title=The Great Lockdown: Worst Economic Downturn Since the Great Depression|url=https://blogs.imf.org/2020/04/14/the-great-lockdown-worst-economic-downturn-since-the-great-depression/|access-date=2021-03-23|website=IMF Blog|language=en|archive-date=2020-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200414220210/https://blogs.imf.org/2020/04/14/the-great-lockdown-worst-economic-downturn-since-the-great-depression/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> == Toltolan == {{reflist}} {{tamboan}} [[Category:Mga-2020]] 60cj2rvgsmuptlfbyzitpios1qwqk77 Ritu Menon 0 46555 311694 310167 2026-10-19T03:38:09Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 311694 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox person|name=Ritu Menon|image=<!-- just the filename, without the File: or Image: prefix or enclosing [[brackets]] -->|alt=|caption=|birth_name=|birth_date=<!-- {{Birth date and age|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD}} or {{Birth-date and age|df=yes|Month DD, YYYY}} -->|birth_place=|death_date=<!-- {{Death date and age|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} or {{Death-date and age|df=yes|Month DD, YYYY|Month DD, YYYY}} (death date then birth date) -->|death_place=|nationality=Indyan|other_names=|occupation=Parapublikar, Parasurat|known_for=}} Si '''Ritu Menon''' sarong feministang Indyano, parasurat asin parapublikar. <ref>{{Cite web|date=3 June 2020|title=Unlock Diaries: About being normal by Ritu Menon|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/books/unlock-diaries-about-being-normal-by-ritu-menon/story-rCbDcKRIWuaNqYY64SItXK.html|access-date=2021-01-16|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=16 January 2021|title=Menon, Ritu|url=https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/author/ritu-menon|access-date=2021-01-16|website=SAGE Publications Inc|language=en|archive-date=2021-01-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122002952/https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/author/ritu-menon|dead-url=yes}}</ref> == Karera == Kan 1984, si Menon saro sa nagtugdas kan [[:en:Kali_for_Women|Kali Para sa mga Babae]], an pinakainot na feministang tagapagpublikar sa India, kaiba si [[Urvashi Butalia]], an saiyang haloy nang collaborator. Kan 2003, An Kali Para sa mga Babae nagsara huli sa kakulangan nin komersyal na pakinabang dagdag pa an pagkakaiba nina Menon asin Butalia. Sagkod kaiyan, si Menon independienteng nagtugdas kan ''Women Unlimited'', saro pang feministang pampublikar.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Menon|first=Ritu|title=A publishing diary written during the pandemic: Ritu Menon's literary memories and encounters|url=https://scroll.in/article/973158/a-publishing-diary-written-during-the-pandemic-ritu-menons-literary-memories-and-encounters|access-date=2021-01-16|website=Scroll.in|language=en-US}}</ref> Siya man nagsurat nin manlain-lain na mga artikulo sa peryodiko asin mga [[op-eds]]. Amsaiyang sinurat nakasentro sa kadahasan kontra sa mga babayi, an paghiling kan relihiyon sa kababaihan asin sa gender divisions sa sosyedad gikan sa makusog na feminista asin wala niyang pananaw.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ritu Menon|url=http://www.kennedy-center.org/explorer/artists/?entity_id=70701&source_type=A|publisher=The Kennedy Center|access-date=13 July 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714194756/http://www.kennedy-center.org/explorer/artists/?entity_id=70701&source_type=A|archive-date=14 July 2014}}</ref> Sa sarong apod sa [[Zoom]], siya nagtaram manongod sa dakit-taramon na ''Address Book: A Publishing Memoir in the time of COVID'', na saiyang sinurat durante kan pandemika na mayong malinaw na planong ipublikar an sarong libro. "Nagin porma ini nin pagsabi kan inaagihan ko, paggirumdom, kaisipan, pagbasa, asin paghadit," sabi niya (13 Hulyo 2021) <ref>{{Cite web|date=13 July 2021|title=The Ritu Menon interview {{!}} 'Feminist publishing is a development activity. It is not just about producing books'|url=https://www.firstpost.com/art-and-culture/the-ritu-menon-interview-feminist-publishing-is-a-development-activity-it-is-not-just-about-producing-books-9796791.html|access-date=2021-12-29|website=Firstpost|language=en}}</ref> == Mga Publikasyon == * The Unfinished Business, Outlook, Mayo 2001<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Unfinished Business {{!}} Outlook India Magazine|url=https://magazine.outlookindia.com/story/the-unfinished-business/211753|access-date=2021-01-16|website=magazine.outlookindia.com/|archive-date=2021-01-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122001620/https://magazine.outlookindia.com/story/the-unfinished-business/211753|dead-url=yes}}</ref> * Anti-CAA protests by Muslim women are about where, how and why you belong, Indian Express, Pebrero 2020<ref>{{Cite web|date=4 February 2020|title=Anti-CAA protests by Muslim women are about where, how and why you belong|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/shaheen-bagh-anti-caa-protest-mother-india-6249503/|access-date=2021-01-16|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref> * Borders & Boundaries: Women in India's Partition<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yNN4SE7cL60C&q=Ritu+Menon|title=Borders & Boundaries: Women in India's Partition|last=Menon|first=Ritu|last2=Bhasin|first2=Kamla|date=1998|publisher=Rutgers University Press|isbn=978-0-8135-2552-5|language=en}}</ref> * Unequal Citizens: A Study of Muslim Women in India<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3tAfPQAACAAJ|title=Unequal Citizens: A Study of Muslim Women in India|last=Hasan|first=Zoya|last2=Menon|first2=Ritu|date=14 September 2006|publisher=OUP India|isbn=978-0-19-568459-9|language=en}}</ref> * From Mathura to Manorama: Resisting Violence Against Women in India<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8XLaAAAAMAAJ|title=From Mathura to Manorama: Resisting Violence Against Women in India|last=Kannabirān|first=Kalpana|last2=Menon|first2=Ritu|date=2007|publisher=Women Unlimited|isbn=978-81-88965-35-9|language=en}}</ref> * Address Book: A Publishing Memoir in the time of COVID == Mga Onra == Kan 2000-2001, naglingkod siya sa International Advisory Board kan [[:en:Raja_Rao_Award_for_Literature|Raja Rao Award for Literature]].<ref>[https://www.blackwellpublishing.com/content/bpl_images/Journal_Samples/WENG0883-2919~20~1~196/203.PDF "Professional Notes"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191127191353/https://www.blackwellpublishing.com/content/bpl_images/Journal_Samples/WENG0883-2919~20~1~196/203.PDF |date=2019-11-27 }}, ''World Englishes'', [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/1467971x/2001/20/1 Vol. 20, No. 1] ([[Wiley-Blackwell]] 2001), pp. 117–118.</ref> Kan 2011, si Menon asin Butalia pinagsarong tinawan kan [[Padma Shri]], an ikaapat na pinakahalangkaw na gawad sibilyan kan [[Gobyerno kan Indya]].<ref name="pib2">{{cite press release|title=Padma Awards Announced|url=http://www.pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=69364|publisher=[[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Ministry of Home Affairs]]|date=25 January 2011|access-date=16 August 2013}}</ref> == Mga Toltolan == <references /> == Mga Panluwas na Takod == * [http://www.womenunlimited.net/authors/authors_ritumenon.htm Manongod kay Ritu Menon, Women Unlimited] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140530061831/http://www.womenunlimited.net/authors/authors_ritumenon.htm |date=2014-05-30 }} * [http://www.wworld.org/about/board/ritu_menon.htm Manongod kay Ritu Menon, Kinaban nin mga Babae] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121131011/http://www.wworld.org/about/board/ritu_menon.htm |date=2015-11-21 }} [[Kategorya:Ika-21 siglong mga Babaying Indyan na Negosyante]] [[Kategorya:Ika-21 siglong mga Negosyanteng Indyan]] [[Kategorya:Mga Negosyanteng Babae gikan sa Delhi]] [[Kategorya:Ika-20 siglong mga Parapublikar (tao)]] [[Kategorya:Ika-20 sigling mga negosyanteng Indyan]] [[Kategorya:Ika-20ng siglong mga babaying negosyanteng Indyan]] [[Kategorya:Ika-20ng sigling mga babaeng Indyan na parasurat]] [[Kategorya:Mga babaeng parasurat gikan sa Delhi]] [[Kategorya:Mga babaeng Indyan na Parapublikar]] [[Kategorya:Mga babaeng Indyan na peryodista]] [[Kategorya:Mga Parasurat sa Ingles gikan Indya]] [[Kategorya:Mga Indyan na Parapublikar]] [[Kategorya:Mga Nakakua nin Padma Shri sa Literatura asin Edukasyon]] [[Kategorya:Mga babaeng feminista]] [[Kategorya:Mga babaeng Indyan na feminista]] [[Kategorya:Mga babaeng Indyan na feministang parasurat]] p5u0c9a9ebpooavzuptcdf5ood8xeqd Nyx 0 47853 311693 272337 2026-10-19T02:50:16Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 311693 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Ladawan:Terracotta lekythos (oil flask) MET DP225322.jpg|thumb|Ipinahiling si Nyx na nagmamaneho sa wala sa sarong kalesa na ginuguyod nin duwang kabayo. Sa too niya si [[Helios]], na nagsakat sa langit sa saiyang quadriga sa pagpoon nin bagong aldaw. Attic terracotta lekythos, na iniuugnay sa [[Sappho Painter]], c. 500 BC.]] Sa mitolohiyang Griyego, si '''Nyx''' (''[[/nɪks/ NIX]]''; Suanoy na Griyego: Νύξ Nýx, [<nowiki/>[[nýks]]], "Bangi") na an diyosa asin personipikasyon nin bangi. Sa ''[[Theogony]]'' ni [[Hesiod]], siya an supling ni [[Chaos]], asin an ina nina [[Aether]] asin Hemera (Aldaw) ni [[Erebus]] (Kadikloman). Sa paagi kan saiyang sadiri, siya na naggigibo nin sarong brood kan mga aki na mga personipikasyon nin mga panginot na negatibong pwersa. Nagtatampok siya sa sarong bilang nin mga nainot na cosmogonie, na naglalaag sa saiya bilang saro sa mga inot na diyos na umiral. Sa mga gibo ng mga makata asin parasurat nin dula, siya na nageerok sa mga puro kan kinaban, asin minsan na iniladawan bilang sarong diyosa na may itom na bado na nagmamaneho sa kalangitan sa sarong karwahe na ginuguyod nin mga kabayo. Sa ''[[Iliad]]'', isinalaysay ni [[Homer]] na kahit si [[Zeus]] ay natatakot na maangot sa saiya. An Banggi (Night) sarong prominenteng pigura sa magkapirang hadoyan kan literaturang Oppiko, na kun saen siya parati sinasabing ina ni Uranus asin Gaia. Sa kaenot - enoteng mga kosmogonika, sia an enot na dios na nag - eeksister, mantang sa huring Orphic Rhapsodies, sia aki asin kapwa miembro ni Fenes, asin ikaduwang namamahala kan mga dios. Naghahatod sia nin mga hula ki Zeus sa sarong adyton, asin ilinaladawan bilang nars kan mga dios. Sa mga Rhapsodies, tibaad igwa na nin tolong magkalaen na pigura na an ngaran Banggi. Sa suanoy na Griegong arte, si Nyx parateng minalataw kaiba kan iba pang langitnon na mga dios arog ni [[Selene]], Helios asin Eos, bilang sarong may pakpak na pigura na nakasakay sa karuwaheng gibo nin kabayo. Minsan ngani dikit an halaga nin kulto, sia asosyado man sa nagkapirang orakulo. An ngaran kan saiyang Romanong katimbang '''Nox'''.<ref>Tripp, [https://archive.org/details/crowellshandbook00trip/page/398/mode/2up?view=theater s.v. Nyx, p. 399]; Peck, [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0062:entry=nyx-harpers s.v. Nyx].</ref> == Genealohiya == Segun sa Hesiod's ''[[:en:Theogony|Theogony]]'', Si Nyx na may supling ni [[Chaos]], kay E[[rebus]] (Kadikloman), na nagin ina niya ki Aether asin Hemera (Day).<ref>Gantz, p. 4; Hard, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA23 pp. 23&#x2013;4]; [[Hesiod]], ''[[Theogony]]'' [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:104-138 123&#x2013;5].</ref> Kun mayo an tabang nin ama, si Nyx nagprodusir nin [[Moros]] (Doom, Destiny) [[Ker]] (Destruksion, Kagadanan), [[:en:Thanatos|Thanatos]] (Kagadanan), [[:en:Hypnos|Hypnos]] (Sleep), the [[Oneiroi]] (Dreams), [[:en:Momus|Momus]] (Blame), Oizys (Pain, Distress), an [[:en:Hesperides|Hesperides]], the Moirai (Fates), An [[Keres]], Nemesis (Indignation, Retribution) [[:en:Apate|Apate]] (Deceit) [[:en:Philotes|Philotes]] (Love), [[:en:Geras|Geras]] (Old Age) asin [[:en:Eris_(mythology)|Eris]] (Strife).<ref>Gantz, pp. 4&#x2013;5; [[Hesiod]], ''[[Theogony]]'' [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:207-239 211&#x2013;25] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210106102018/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:207-239 |date=2021-01-06 }}. The translations used here are those given by Gantz.</ref> An nagkapira sa mga gikan na ini ilinaladawan man bilang saiyang mga aki kan nagsurunod na autor.<ref>[[Hesiod]], ''[[Works and Days]]'' [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/hesiod-works_days/2018/pb_LCL057.87.xml 17 (pp. 86, 87)] (two Strifes, one a daughter of Night); [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:7.5.3 7.5.3] (two Nemeses daughters of Night); ''[[Poetae Melici Graeci|PMG]]'' 1018 (Page, p. 536) (Fates daughters of Nyx; see Gantz, p. 8); [[Seneca the Younger|Seneca]], ''[[Hercules (Seneca)|Hercules]]'' [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/seneca_younger-hercules/2018/pb_LCL062.103.xml 1066&#x2013;9 (pp. 102, 103)] (Sleep and Death sons of Night); ''[[Orphic Hymn]] to the Fates'' (59), [https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780891301196/page/48/mode/2up?view=theater 1 (Athanassakis and Wolkow, p. 48)] (Fates daughters of Night); [[Nonnus]], ''[[Dionysiaca]]'' [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/nonnos-dionysiaca/1940/pb_LCL354.431.xml 31.117 (pp. 430, 431)] (Sleep son of Night). The Roman authors [[Cicero]] and [[Hyginus]] provide Nox, the Roman counterpart of Nyx, with similar lists of offspring (see below).</ref> Minsan siring, an iba pang enot na reperensia nagtatao nin kasaysayan kan linahe na laen sa ki Hesiod. Uyon sa saro diyan, siya an ina ni Ather,<ref>Chrysanthou, p. 303; Fowler 2013, [https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA8 p. 8]; Meisner, [https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA92 p. 92]; [[Epimenides of Crete|Epimenides]] [https://archive.org/details/diefragmenteder02diel/page/190/mode/2up?view=theater fr. 5 Diels, p. 190].</ref> mantang nasa iba pa, inaapod siyang ina ni Eros kan Ateneo de Naga. o ina ni Alether, Eros, asin Metis ni Erebus.<ref>Fowler 2013, [https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA6 p. 6]; Cook, [https://archive.org/details/zeusstudyinancie02pt1cook/page/314/mode/2up?view=theater p. 315 n. 4]; West, p. 209 n. 106; [[Acusilaus]], [https://books.google.com/books?id=j0nRE4C2WBgC&pg=PA6 fr. 6c Fowler, pp. 6&#x2013;7].</ref><ref>Fowler 2013, [https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA5 pp. 5&#x2013;6]; ''[[Brill's New Pauly]]'', [https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/nyx-e827340 s.v. Nyx]; [[Acusilaus]], [https://books.google.com/books?id=j0nRE4C2WBgC&pg=PA6 fr. 6b Fowler, p. 6].</ref> Minalataw na an poetang si [[:en:Bacchylides|Bacchylides]] ibinilang ni Nyx na ina ni Hemera ni [[:en:Chronos|Chronos]] (oras),<ref>[[Bacchylides]], ''Victory Odes'' [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/bacchylides-victory_odes/1992/pb_LCL461.157.xml 7.1&#x2013;2 (pp. 156, 157)].</ref> asin sa iba pang lugar nasambitan nia si Hesukristo bilang saiyang aking babae.<ref>Gantz, p. 26; Fowler 2013, [https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA33 p. 33]; [[Bacchylides]], [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/bacchylides-fragments/1992/pb_LCL461.253.xml fr. 1B Campbell, pp. 252&#x2013;5] [= Scholia on [[Apollonius of Rhodes]], [https://books.google.com/books?id=0lkhbarJcukC&pg=PA233 3.467 (Wendel 1999, p. 233)]] [= ''[[Oxyrhynchus papyri|P. Oxy.]]'' 2366.3&#x2013;8].</ref> Nasambitan ni Aeschylus si Nylx bilang ina kan mga [[:en:Erinyes|Erinyes]] (Furies), mantang ibinibilang ni Euripides na [[:en:Lyssa|Lyssa]] (Madness) na aki ni Nyx asin Uranus.<ref>Gantz, p. 13; Karusu, [[iarchive:limc_20210516/Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae/LIMC II-1/page/n463/mode/2up|p. 905]]; [[Aeschylus]], ''[[The Eumenides|Eumenides]]'' [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/aeschylus-oresteia_eumenides/2009/pb_LCL146.395.xml 321&#x2013;2 (pp. 394, 395)], [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/aeschylus-oresteia_eumenides/2009/pb_LCL146.407.xml 416 (pp. 394, 395)], [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/aeschylus-oresteia_eumenides/2009/pb_LCL146.455.xml 791&#x2013;2 (pp. 454, 455)], [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/aeschylus-oresteia_eumenides/2009/pb_LCL146.457.xml 821&#x2013;2 (pp. 456, 457)], [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/aeschylus-oresteia_eumenides/2009/pb_LCL146.483.xml 1034 (pp. 482, 483)]. According to Sommerstein, [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/aeschylus-oresteia_eumenides/2009/pb_LCL146.395.xml p. 395 n. 82 to line 322], Aeschylus here seemingly identifies the Erinyes with the [[Keres]], who are daughters of Nyx in Hesiod. See also [[Lycophron]], ''Alexandra'' [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/lycophron-alexandra/1921/pb_LCL129.357.xml 437 (pp. 356, 357)].</ref><ref>Parada, p. 110; Keightley, [https://books.google.com/books?id=JxQHAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA44 p. 44]; Karusu, [[iarchive:limc_20210516/Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae/LIMC II-1/page/n463/mode/2up|p. 905]]; [[Euripides]], ''[[Herakles (Euripides)|Herakles]]'' [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/euripides-heracles/1998/pb_LCL009.387.xml 823 (pp. 386, 387)] (daughter of Night), [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/euripides-heracles/1998/pb_LCL009.389.xml 834 (pp. 388, 389)] (daughter of Night), [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/euripides-heracles/1998/pb_LCL009.389.xml 844 (pp. 388, 389)] (daughter of Night and Heaven).</ref> == Iconograpiya == [[Ladawan:Arte_romana,_statuetta_di_nyx_o_selene,_I_secolo_ac.JPG|thumb|[[Imperyong Romano|Romano-era]] bronseng mga estatuwa ni Nyx ''[[:en:Velificans|velificans]]'' o [[Selene]] ([[:en:Getty_Villa|Getty Villa]]) ]] Sa suanoy na Griego asin Romanong arte, si Nyx parateng depisil mamidbid, arog kan mayo sia nin espesipikong kahulogan, dangan puedeng magin masakitan an kalaenan nia sa ibang mga dios, siring baga ki [[Selene]] saka Eos.<ref>Papastavrou, [[iarchive:limc_20210516/Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae/LIMC VI-1 Kentauroi et Kentaurides-Oıax/page/n577/mode/2up|p. 941]]; ''Oxford Classical Dictionary'', [https://archive.org/details/oxfordclassicald0000unse_w0u7/page/1056/mode/2up?view=theater s.v. Nyx, p. 1056].</ref><ref>''[[Brill's New Pauly]]'', [https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/nyx-e827340 s.v. Nyx] (Selene, Eos, Artemis); Hurwit, p. 530 (Selene); Papastavrou, [[iarchive:limc_20210516/Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae/LIMC VI-1 Kentauroi et Kentaurides-Oıax/page/n577/mode/2up|p. 941]] (Eos).</ref> Uyon ki Pausanias, siya ilinadawan sa daghan ni Cypselus (ika-6 na siglo BC) bilang nars kan[[:en:Hypnos|Hypnos]] asin [[:en:Thanatos|Thanatos]], kun sain kapot niya an duwang diyos, siring man ini mga aki, sa lambang kamot kaini.<ref>Shapiro, p. 132; [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:5.18.1 5.18.1].</ref> Kan ika - 5 na siglo BC, si Nyx naglataw sa nagkapirang plorera kaiba an iba pang langitnon na mga dios arog ni Helios, Selene, asin Eos.<ref>Karusu, [[iarchive:limc_20210516/Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae/LIMC II-1/page/n465/mode/2up|p. 909]].</ref> An pinakaenot na buhay pang representasyon kan Nyx sarong Attic lekythis (mga 500 BC), na nagpapahiling saiya parehas an duwang-oras na karwahe harale pa ki Helios, na nagsakat sa langit sa saiyang quadriga sa pagpoon kan bagong aldaw.<ref>Ferrari, [https://books.google.com/books?id=oXbG_4TRs8QC&pg=PA40 p. 40]; Karusu, pp. [[iarchive:limc_20210516/Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae/LIMC II-1/page/n465/mode/2up|906]], [[iarchive:limc_20210516/Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae/LIMC II-1/page/n465/mode/2up|909]]; ''[[Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae|LIMC]]'' [http://ark.dasch.swiss/ark:/72163/080e-747162b6cd15f-2 14520 (Astra 3)]; [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]] [https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/254196 41.162.29].</ref> Kadaklan sa mga paglaladawan ki Nyx ilinaladawan siya na may pakpak, asin kan inot pa sanang panahon an itsura niya pirming ipinapahiling na nakasakay ini sa karwahe.<ref>Karusu, [[iarchive:limc_20210516/Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae/LIMC II-1/page/n465/mode/2up|p. 909]].</ref> Halimbawa, sa ling kan ika-5 siglo BC Athenian pyxis, siya sarong pigura na may pakpak na parehas an karwaheng binubungkal nin apat na kabayo, mga bitoon nag'aantsataw sa itaas kan saiyang payo; ini nakasakay pasiring sa kolum na tandad kan gilid-dagat, asin sinusundan ni Selene and Helios.<ref>Ferrari, [https://books.google.com/books?id=oXbG_4TRs8QC&pg=PA39 p. 39]; Karusu, [[iarchive:limc_20210516/Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae/LIMC II-1/page/n465/mode/2up|p. 907]]; ''[[Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae|LIMC]]'' [http://ark.dasch.swiss/ark:/72163/080e-745fb3655f076-8 13274 (Astra 8)].</ref> Pigpapahiling man siya kun minsan nin bado na itom an mga linderos, o may telang itong nakalaag sa saiyang gubing; sa sarong Attic kylix, halimbawa, saro ining pigurang de pakpak (pisog Nyx) na nakasulot nin black-bored pepslos, naglalakaw paibong - likod kan kabayo ni Selene.<ref>Karusu, pp. [[iarchive:limc_20210516/Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae/LIMC II-1/page/n465/mode/2up|906]], [[iarchive:limc_20210516/Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae/LIMC II-1/page/n465/mode/2up|909]]; ''[[Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae|LIMC]]'' [http://ark.dasch.swiss/ark:/72163/080e-7565ed9ad5134-2 31765 (Astra 5)].</ref><ref>Parisinou, p. 34</ref> == Panluwas na takod == * {{Commons category-inline|Nyx}} == Mga toltolan == <references /> {{Tamboan}} hvhl4lax2vs6cdrpdbxy2hq0ya1tald Jōmon jidai 0 53602 311696 293029 2026-10-19T09:48:25Z Kontributor 2K 30543 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[File:Yoshinogari-iseki tateanashiki-juukyo.JPG]] → [[File:Yoshinogari-iseki tateana-tatemono.jpg]] [[c:COM:FR#FR2|Criterion 2]] (meaningless or ambiguous name) · 「竪穴式住居」の表記は完全に誤っているわけではないが、現代の日本考古学界ではほぼ使われていない。現代的な表記（竪穴建物 tateana-tatemono）を提案。 311696 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Ladawan:140913_Sannai-Maruyama_site_Aomori_Japan01bs6bs6.jpg|thumb|255x255px|An pagtugdok ini liwat sa [[Sannai-Maruyama Site]] sa [[Aomori Prefecture]]. Asin agid sana sa kinagisnan na kultura [[Northeast Asia|Norte-sirangan na Asya]] asin sa [[Korea|Peninsula nin Korea]], siring man sa kulturang Hapon kan panahon.]] An kasaysayan kan Hapon, an {{Nihongo|'''Jōmon period'''|[[wikt:縄文|縄文]][[wikt:時代|時代]]|Jōmon jidai}} iyo an panahon sa pag'oltan kan {{Circa|14,000 and 300 BCE}}, puon kan an hapon ay nagtinir asin nakaistar an mga [[Jōmon people|tawong Jōmon]], na may sarong halo halo [[Hunter-gatherer|na paraayam-paratipon]] asin may nainot pang populasyon na pagtatanom na pighalo na nin sarong bisto na kultura, na nakaabot sa sarong konsiderableng grado nin [[Sedentism|sedentismo]] asin komplikadong kultura. An pangaran na "cord-marked" enot na ginamit kan Amerikanong zoologo asin orientalista [[Edward S. Morse|na si Edward S. Morse]], na nakadiskobre [[Glossary of archaeology#potshed|nin mga pidaso]] nin paso kan 1877 asin sunod na pinabisto an "straw-rope pattern" sa [[Tataramon na Hapones|Hapon]] bilang ''Jōmon'' . An estilo nin paggibo nin koron na bistong karakter kan mga enot na yugto kan kulturang Jōmon na pigpalamutian sa paagi kan paglaag nin mga lubid na kaputan sa ibabaw na parti kan basa na dalipay asin sa panggabusan ini na an binistong pinakagurang sa bilog na kinaban. An panahon nin Jōmon mayaman sa mga kasangkapan asin alahas na gibo sa tulang, gapo, kabhang asin sugok; mga pigurin asin lalagan na [[Jōmon pottery|gibo sa koron]]; asin [[Lacquerware|mga gamit sa lak]]. Kinumpara ini kultura kan kanluran kan Culumbian, Amerikan hilagang kanluran kun asin espesyal ini sa Valdivia na kultura sa Ekwador dahil sa pagkakatanos na sa pagkakaayos kan kultura na may magkaibasa laog kan panginot na pagtipon kan pangangaso sa limitado na holitculture.<ref name="BMA2">{{Cite book|url=http://artsbma.org|title=Birmingham Museum of Art : Guide to the Collection|last=Birmingham Museum of Art|publisher=Birmingham Museum of Art|year=2010|isbn=978-1-904832-77-5|location=Birmingham, AL|page=40|author-link=Birmingham Museum of Art}}</ref> <ref name="mizoguchi2">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rXa_ngEACAAJ|title=An Archaeological History of Japan, 30,000 B.C. to A.D. 700|last=Mizoguchi|first=Koji|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press, Incorporated|year=2002|isbn=978-0-8122-3651-4}}</ref> ​​[[Ekwador|​]]​ <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3hSBAAAAMAAJ|title=Pacific northeast Asia in prehistory: hunter-fisher-gatherers, farmers, and sociopolitical elites|last=Aikens|first=C. Melvin|publisher=WSU Press|year=1992|isbn=978-0-87422-092-6}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iqjGZUxK5tkC&q=Valdivia+pottery&pg=PA187|title=Prehistory of the Americas|last=Fiedel|first=Stuart J.|date=1992|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521425445|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Archaeology {{!}} Studies examine clues of transoceanic contact|url=http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/science/2013/05/19/studies-examine-clues-of-transoceanic-contact.html}}</ref> == Kronolohiya == An 14,000 taon na sa panahon nin Jōmon magkaiba na nababanga sa nagkapirang yugto, na progresibong mas halipot: ''kadtuhan na'' (13,750–8,500 BC), ''Inisyal'' (8,500–5,000), ''Amay'' (5,000–3,520), ''Tahaw'' (3,520–2470), ''Huri'' (2,470–1,250), asin ''Final'' (1,250–500). <ref name=":04"/> An bagay na an bilog na panahon na ini tinawan nin parehong pangaran kan mga arkeologo dai dapat na boot sabihon na mayo nin dakulang pagkakaibaiba sa rehiyon asin panahon; ini an panahon sa pag'oltan kan pinakaenot [[Jōmon potteryy|na Jōmon pottery]] asin kan mas bistado sa panahon kan pagultanan kan Jōmon na may mga doble an lawig kan lawig na nagbubulag sa pagtugdok kan [[Great Pyramid of Gizaa|Dakulang Piramide kan Giza]] na nagpuon kan ika-21 na siglo. An petsa kan mga sub-yugto kan Jōmon nakabase sa pinakainot na [[Typology (archaeology))|tipolohiya]] nin pag seramiko, asin sa mas dikit na sokol [[Radiocarbon datingg|an kaidto sa radiocarbon]]. An mga bagong natuklasan nagpapadayupot kan huring yugto kan panahon nin Jōmon sa panahon 300 BC. <ref name="perri20162">{{Cite journal}}</ref> <ref name="genetic-japan3">{{Cite journal}}</ref> <ref name="verb-morphology2">{{Citation}}</ref> An [[Yayoi period|panahon kan Yayoi]] nagpoon sa pag'oltan kan 500 asin 300 BC susog sa mga patunay nin [[Radiocarbon dating|radiocarbon]], mantang an Yayoi istelo kan tula nakua sa sarong Jōmon lugar sa hilagang [[Kyushu]] kan 800 BC. <ref name="Shinya2">{{Cite journal|year=2007|title=A comment on the Yayoi Period dating controversy|url=http://www.seaa-web.org/bul-essay-01.htm|access-date=2025-07-23|archivedate=2019-08-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190801234503/http://www.seaa-web.org/bul-essay-01.htm}}</ref> An arkipelago kan Hapon pwedeng bangaon sa tulong rehiyon na kun saen an kronolohiya kan panahon nin Jōmon o an kasunod na panahon kaini pig-aaplikar nin magkaiba: Honshu asin Kyushu, Okinawa asin an mga Isla nin Ryukyu, asin Hokkaido asin sa hilagang Tohōku. <ref>{{Cite book|title=Mō futatsu no Nihon bunka: Hokkaidō to nantō no bunka|last=Fujimoto|first=Tsuyoshi|date=1988|publisher=Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai|isbn=978-4-13-024102-1|series=UP kōkogaku sensho|location=Tōkyō}}</ref> Sa Okinawa asin sa mga isla nin Ryukyu, an panahon kan mga Jōmon dai minaaplikar nin huli ta an mga tawong Jōmon mayo sa mga lugar na ini Imbes, an bisto na syensya nin kronoholia para sa lugar naggagamit kan [[Shellmidden Period]] o an Sakishima Prehistoric na panahon partikularmente para sa isla o kadagatan. <ref name=":0" /> Manungod sa Hokkaido asin Northern Tohoku, an mga tawong Jōmon sinalidahan bako kan mga tawong Yayoi arog kan kadaklan kan Hapon kundi kan mga tawong may kasaro sa Zoku-Jomon na iyo an nagpoon kan panahon kan Zoku-Jōmon na kakaiba sa hilagang bahagi. == Mga Kuron == {{Authority control}} [[Ladawan:JomonPottery.JPG|too|thumb|218x218px|An sinaunang [[Jōmon pottery]] (ika-14– ika [[8th millennium BC|-8 milenyo BC]]) [[Tokyo National Museum]], [[Hapon]]]] [[Ladawan:Jomon_Flame_Style_Pottery,_3000_BC.jpg|thumb|Jomon flame estelo pottery, 3,000 BC, na nakalot sa Iwanohara site, Niigata Prefecture]] An pinakaenot na mga lalagan sa Hapon ginibo kan o bago an pagpoon kan sinaJōmon period. An saradit na pidaso, na may petsang 14,500 BC, nakua sa [[Odai Yamamoto I sitee|lugar kan Odai Yamamoto I]] kan 1998. An mga pottery na haros kapareho an gulang na nakua sa ibang karatig na mga lugar arog kan sa Kamikuroiwa asin sa [[Fukui cave|lungib kan Fukui]] . <ref name="hudson">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eTFMPO5NdKgC|title=Ruins of Identity: Ethnogenesis in the Japanese islands|last=Hudson|first=Mark J.|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|year=1999|isbn=978-0-8248-2156-2|author-link=Mark J. Hudson}}</ref> <ref name="habu">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vGnAbTyTynsC|title=Ancient Jomōn of Japan|last=Habu|first=Junko <!-- |author-link=Junko Habu -->|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2004|isbn=978-0-521-77670-7}}</ref> [[Ladawan:Museums_in_Yamanashi_prefecture-4b.jpg|thumb|Jōmon pottery sa Yamanashi Museum]] An pinakaenot na sinaunang Jōmon pottery nabibisto sa paagi kan cord-marking na nagtatao kan pangaran kan panahon asin ngonyan nakua na sa kadakol na mga lugar. [ 27] An mga tula kan panahon na idto pigklasipikar kan mga arkeologo sa mga 70 estilo, na may kadakol pang lokal na klase nin estilo. An pagkasuanoy kan mga lalagan na Jōmon enot na namidbidad matapos [[Ikaduwang Gerang Pankinaban|kan Gerang Pankinaban II]], sa paagi nin mga paagi [[Radiocarbon datingg|nin pagpetsa sa radiocarbon]] . {{Efn|Radiocarbon measures of carbonized material from pottery artifacts (uncalibrated): Fukui Cave {{nowrap|12 500 ± 350 BP}} and {{nowrap|12 500 ± 500 BP}} Kamaki & Serizawa (1967), Kamikuroiwa rockshelter {{nowrap|12 165 ± 350 BP}} in [[Shikoku]].}} An pinakaenot na mga lalagan kadaklan saradit na bilog an irarom na mga mangko {{Convert|10-50|cm}} halangkaw na pighuhuna na ginamit sa pagpabukal nin kakanon asin, tibaad, pagtipig kaini bago pa. An mga ini pagsasadiri kan [[Hunter-gatherer|mga paraayam-paratipon]] asin an kadakulaan kan mga sakayan tibaad limitado huli sa pangangaipo para sa pagigin madaling darahon. Mantang an mga mangko sa huri nagdadakula, ini pigkokonsiderar na sarong tanda nin sarong nagdadakol na establisado arog na sana kan arog kaning pagbuhay. An mga klaseng ini padagos na nagtalubo, na may nagdadakol na detalyadong mga disenyo nin dekorasyon, nag-aalon-alon na mga gilid, asin patag na irarom tanganing sinda makatindog sa patag na ibabaw. [[Ladawan:JapaneseJomonPottery_SprayStyle.jpg|thumb|Spray style Jōmon pottery]] An paggibo nin mga koron tipikal na nagpapahiling nin sarong klase nin [[Sedentism|buhay na dai naghihiro]] nin huli ta an koron magabat, dakulaon, asin maluya asin kun kaya bakong angay para sa mga tawong lubos na naglilibot-libot. Garo baga an mga pinagkukuanan nin kakanon abunda sa natural na kapalibutan kan mga isla kan Hapon na kaya nindang suportaran an medyo darakulang, semi-sedentary na mga populasyon. An mga tawong Jōmon naggagamit nin [[Lithic reductionn|mga kasangkapan na gibo sa tipak na gapo]], mga kasangkapan na [[Ground stone|gibo sa giniling na gapo]], mga siod, asin [[Bow and arrw|mga pana]], asin malinaw na mga ekspertong parasira sa baybayon asin hararom na tubig. === Kronolohikal na tipolohiya nin seramiko === Incipient Jōmon (14,000–7500 BC) ** Linear applique ** Nail impression ** Cord impression ** Muroya lower Initial Jōmon (7500–4000 BC)<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kudo|first=Yuichiro|date=June 2007|title=The Temporal Correspondences between the Archaeological: Chronology and Environmental Changes from to 11,500 to 2,800 cal BP on the Kanto Plain, Eastern Japan|url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jaqua/46/3/46_3_187/_pdf/-char/en|journal=The Quaternary Research|volume=46|issue=3|pages=187–194|doi=10.4116/jaqua.46.187}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Motohashi|first=Emiko|date=25 January 1996|title=Jomon Lithic Raw Material Exploitation in the Izu Islands, Tokyo, Japan|url=https://journals.lib.washington.edu/index.php/BIPPA/article/view/11541/10174|journal=Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association|volume=2|issue=15|pages=131–137}}</ref> * Botasawa * Igusa * Inaridai * Mito * Nojima * Ibabang Tado * Itaas na Tado * Shiboguchi * Kayama * Ugashima Amay na Jōmon (5000–3520 BC) <ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Habu|first1=Junko|last2=Hall|first2=Mark E.|date=1999|title=Jomon Pottery Production in Central Japan|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42928448|journal=Asian Perspectives|volume=38|issue=1|pages=90–110|issn=0066-8435}}</ref> * Goryogadai * Jūsanbodai * Kita-Shirakawa * Moroiso * Okitsu * Ukishima Middle Jōmon (3520–2470 BC) * Kasori E * Katsusaka * Otamadai Huring Jōmon (2470–1250 BC) * Horinouchi * Kasori B <ref>{{Cite journal|title=Pottery production during the Late Jomon period: insights from the chemical analyses of Kasori B pottery|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440304000445}}</ref> Huring Jōmon (1250–500 BC) <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kobayashi|first=Seiji|date=24 January 2008|title=Eastern Japanese pottery during the Jomon-Yayoi transition: a study in forager-farmer interaction|url=https://journals.lib.washington.edu/index.php/BIPPA/article/view/11759/10388|journal=Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association|volume=5|issue=21|pages=37–42|access-date=17 November 2023}}</ref> * Angyo <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kushihara|first=Koichi|title=Jomon Period|url=https://www.jjarchaeology.jp/contents/pdf/vol002/2-1_074-077.pdf|journal=Archaeologia Japonica|date=2014|volume=2|pages=74–77|access-date=17 November 2023}}</ref> * Fusenmon * Hokurikubanki * Kamegaoka * Maeura * Nagatake * Nishihonmaken * Nusamai * Shimono == Incipient asin Initial Jōmon ( 13,750–5,000 BC ) == [[Ladawan:Japan_glaciation.gif|thumb|An arkipelago kan Hapon, sa panahon kan huring glaciation kan mga 20,000 BC]] An pinakaenot na yugto kan "Incipient Jōmon" nagpoon mantang an Hapon konektado pa sa kontinental na Asya bilang sarong mahiwas na peninsula. Mantang an mga glacier natunaw kasunod kan katapusan kan [[Last glacial periodd|huring panahon nin glacier]] (mga 12,000 BC ), an lebel kan dagat naglangkaw, na nagsusuhay kan [[Japanese archipelagoo|arkipelago kan Hapon]] sa kontinente kan Asya; an pinakaharaning punto (sa [[Kyushuu|Kyushu]] ) mga {{Cvt|190|km}} gikan sa [[Korea|Peninsula nin Korea]] harani na tanganing paminsan-minsan na maimpluwensiyahan kan mga pangyayari sa kontinente, alagad harayo na gayo para sa mga tawo kan mga isla kan Hapon na mag-uswag nin independiente. An mayor na koneksyon sa pag'oltan kan arkipelago kan Hapon asin kan Asya sa Kontinental iyo an paagi kan Peninsula nin Korea pasiring sa Kyushu asin [[Honshuu|Honshu]]. Dugang pa, [[Luzon|an Luzon]], [[Taiwan]], Ryukyu, asin Kyushu minakompuesto nin padagos na kadena nin mga isla, na nagkokonektar sa Jōmon sa [[Habagatan-subangan na Asya|Sur-subangan na Asya]], mantang an Honshu, [[Hokkaido]] asin [[Sakhalin]] nagkokonektar sa Jōmon sa [[Siberia]]. Sa laog kan arkipelago, an mga tinanom naliwat kan katapusan kan Panahon nin Yelo. Sa timog-sulnupan na Honshu, Shikoku, asin Kyushu, an mga broadleaf na evergreen na kahoy an nangingibabaw sa mga kabukidan, mantang an mga broadleaf na mga kahoy [[Tatâ|na may dahon]] asin mga conifer lakop sa amihanan-sirangan na Honshu asin timog na Hokkaido. Dakul na mga katutubong klase nin kahoy, arog kan mga beech, buckeyes, [[Kastanyas|chestnuts]], asin oak an nagprodusir nin mga kakanon na nuts asin acorns. An mga ini nagtao nin dakulang mga pinagkukuanan nin kakanon para sa mga tawo asin hayop. In the hilagang- sirangan, the plentiful marine life carried south by the Oyashio Current, especially [[salmon]], was another major food source. Settlements along both the [[Dagat Hapon|Sea of Japan]] and the [[Kadagatan Pacifico|Pacific Ocean]] subsisted on immense amounts of shellfish, leaving distinctive middens (mounds of discarded shells and other refuse) that are now prized sources of information for archaeologists. Other food sources meriting special mention include Sika deer, [[Layas na baboy|wild boar]] (with possible wild-pig management),<ref name="Crawford20113">{{Cite journal|last=Crawford|first=Gary W.|year=2011|title=Advances in understanding early agriculture in Japan|journal=Current Anthropology|volume=52|issue=S4|pages=S331–S345|doi=10.1086/658369}}</ref> wild plants such as yam-like tubers, and freshwater fish. Supported by the highly productive deciduous forests and an abundance of seafood, the population was concentrated in Honshu and Kyushu, but Jōmon sites range from Hokkaido to the Ryukyu Islands.<ref name="PBDB">{{Cite journal|last=Hasegawa, Y.|year=1988|title=Quaternary vertebrates from Shiriya area, Shimokita Pininsula, northeastern Japan|journal=Memoirs of the National Science Museum|volume=21|pages=17–36}}</ref> == Amay na Jōmon (5000–3520 BC) == An Amay na panahon nin Jōmon nakahiling nin pagsabog sa populasyon, siring sa ipinapahiling kan bilang kan mas darakulang pinagsararong mga baryo gikan sa panahon na ini. <ref name=":04"/> An panahon na ini nangyari sa panahon kan Holocene climatic optimum, kan an lokal na klima nagin mas mainit asin mas mahamot. <ref name="mayle20042">{{Cite journal|last=Francis E. Mayle|year=2004|title=Responses of Amazonian ecosystems to climatic and atmospheric carbon dioxide changes since the Last Glacial Maximum|journal=Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences|volume=359|pages=499–514|doi=10.1098/rstb.2003.1434}}</ref> === Amay na agrikultura === [[Ladawan:Azuki_Beans.jpg|thumb|An pagkultibar nin pisog nin Azuki lakop sa timog na panahon nin Jōmon sa Hapon asin man sa timog na Tsina asin [[Butan|Bhutan]] .]] An grado kun saen an hortikultura o sadit na agrikultura pigpraktis kan mga tawong Jōmon pinagdedebatehan. Sa presente, mayo nin siyentipikong pagkakaoroyon tanganing suportaran an konseptwalisasyon kan kultura kan panahon ni Jōmon bilang [[Hunter-gatherer|paraayam-paratipon]] sana. Igwa nin ebidensya na nagsusuherir na an [[arboriculture]] pigpraktis sa porma nin pag-ataman nin mga kahoy na nagpoprodusir nin lacquer ( ''[[Toxicodendron vernicifluum|Toxicodendron verniciflua]]'' ) asin nut ( ''[[Castanea crenata]]'' asin ''[[Aesculus turbinata]]'' ), <ref>{{Cite book|title=Transitions to Agriculture in Prehistory|last=Crawford|first=G.W.|publisher=University of Wisconsin Press|year=1992|editor-last=Gebauer|editor-first=A.B.|location=Madison, WI|pages=117–132|chapter=The transitions to agriculture in Japan|editor-last2=Price|editor-first2=T.D.}}</ref> siring man soybean, [[Upo|bottle gourd]], hemp, Perzuki, asin iba pa. An mga karakteristikong ini nagbubugtak sainda sa pag-ultanan kan pangangayam-pagtipon asin agrikultura. <ref name="Crawford20113" /> An sarong garo baga inataman na klase nin [[Melokoton|peach]] naglataw nin amay na marhay sa mga lugar nin Jōmon kan 6700–6400&nbsp;BP (4700–4400&nbsp;BC). <ref name="YangZheng20142">{{Cite journal|last1=Yang|first1=Xiaoyan|last2=Zheng|first2=Yunfei|last3=Crawford|first3=Gary W.|last4=Chen|first4=Xugao|year=2014|title=Archaeological evidence for peach (''Prunus persica'') cultivation and domestication in China|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=9|issue=9|page=e106595|bibcode=2014PLoSO...9j6595Z|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0106595|issn=1932-6203|pmc=4156326|pmid=25192436}}</ref> Ini kapareho na kan mga modernong kultibadong porma. An inataman na klaseng ini nin peach garo baga dinara sa Hapon hale sa Tsina. Dawa ngani an pag-ataman kan mga layas na peach nagpoon sa Tsina bago pa an panahon na ini, an sarong klase na pinakaharani sa satong modernong mga peach presenteng nappurbaran sa Tsina mismo sa huri sanang petsa nin 5300–4300&nbsp;BP. <ref name="YangZheng20142" /> An ebidensya kan pag-ataman nin tinanom kan mga tawong Jōmon gikan sa sarong pag-aadal sa genoma kan pisog nin adzuki. An gabos na presenteng adzuki cultivar naggikan sa layas na adzuki sa sirangan na Hapon, kan mga 3000-5000 BP. An mga mutasyon na nagtatao nin mga pangenot na sindrom nin pag-ataman igwa man nin sarong ginikanan sa Hapon. An mga mutasyon na ini nagpoon asin padagos na naglangkaw sa frekuensya poon pa kan mga 10,000 BP, na nagsusuherir na an mga sindrom nin pag-ataman mas amay pa sa malinaw na arkeolohikong mga bakas nin dakulang pagkultibar. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Chien|first=Chih-Cheng|last2=Seiko|first2=Takashi|last3=Muto|first3=Chiaki|last4=Ariga|first4=Hirotaka|last5=Wang|first5=Yen-Chiao|last6=Chang|first6=Chuan-Hsin|last7=Sakai|first7=Hiroaki|last8=Naito|first8=Ken|last9=Lee|first9=Cheng-Ruei|date=2025-05-29|title=A single domestication origin of adzuki bean in Japan and the evolution of domestication genes|url=https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ads2871|journal=Science|language=en|volume=388|issue=6750|doi=10.1126/science.ads2871|issn=0036-8075}}</ref> == Middle Jōmon (3520–2470 BC) == [[Ladawan:Clay_mask,_Jomon_period_1000-400_BC.jpg|thumb|Jōmon clay mask, na may pagkakaagid sa mga clay mask na makukua sa rehiyon nin Amur ]] An mga pigurin asin mga lalagan [[Dogū|na dogū na gibo]] sa koron na may halangkaw na dekorasyon, arog kan inaapod na mga lalagan na "estilo nin laad", asin mga bagay na gibo sa kahoy na may na natatada pa kan panahon na idto. Dawa ngani an mga dekorasyon kan mga kuron naglangkaw sa lawig nin panahon, an tela na seramiko pirming nagdadanay na medyo magaspang. Durante kan panahon na ini an mga kuwintas na gapo [[Magatama|nin Magatama]] naggigibo nin transisyon gikan sa pagigin sarong bisto na alahas na makukua sa mga harong pasiring sa pagigin sarong lolobngan. Ini an panahon kun saen igwa nin darakulang bulod asin mga monumento. <ref name=":04">{{Cite journal|last=Sakaguchi|first=Takashi|year=2009|title=Storage adaptations among hunter–gatherers: A quantitative approach to the Jomon period|journal=Journal of Anthropological Archaeology|volume=28|number=3|pages=290–303|place=San Diego|publisher=Elsevier Inc.|doi=10.1016/j.jaa.2009.05.001}}</ref> [[Ladawan:Magatama.png|thumb|An Magatama sarong alahas gikan sa panahon ni Jōmon sa Hapon, asin nakua man sa [[Korea|Peninsula nin Korea]] asin [[Northeast Asia|Norteng-subangan na Asya]] . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2025)">kaipuhan an sitasyon</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup>]] [[Ladawan:140913_Sannai-Maruyama_site_Aomori_Japan10n.jpg|thumb|Pagtogdok liwat kan mga harong kan panahon ni Jōmon sa Prepektura nin Aomori]] An panahon na ini nagkaigwa nin paglangkaw sa komplikado sa disenyo kan mga pit-house, an pinakaparateng ginagamit na paagi nin pag-istar kan panahon na idto, na an iba igwa pa ngani nin mga salog na sementadong gapo. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Moriya|first=Toyohito|year=2015|title=A Study of the Utilization of Wood to Build Pit Dwellings from the Epi-Jomon Culture|journal=Journal of the Graduate School of Letters|volume=10|pages=71–85|doi=10.14943/jgsl.10.71}}</ref> Sarong pag-aadal kan 2015 an napag-araman na an pormang ini nin istaran nagpadagos sagkod sa kulturang Satsumon . [ 47 ] Gamit an datos arkeolohiko sa bilang kan pollen, an yugtong ini iyo an pinakamainit sa gabos na yugto. Sa katapusan kan yugtong ini an mainit na klima nagpopoon nang maglaog sa sarong uso nin paglipot. <ref name=":04"/> == Huri asin Huring Jōmon (2470–500 BC) == Pagkatapos kan [[1500s BC (decade)|1500 BC]], an [[klima]] naglipot na naglaog sa sarong yugto nin [[neoglaciation]], asin an mga populasyon garo baga napagkasunduan nin dramatiko. <ref name=":04"/> Medyo dikit na mga arkeolohikong lugar an makukua pagkatapos kan 1500&nbsp;BC. [[Ladawan:Periodo_jomon_primo-medio,_dogu,_7000-2000_a.c..JPG|thumb|Pigura nin dalipay kan panahon nin Jōmon gikan sa [[Yamanashi Prefecture|Prepektura nin Yamanashi]]]] An kastanyas na Hapon, ''[[Castanea crenata]]'', nagigin mahalaga, bako sanang bilang sarong kahoy na nagbubunga nin nut, kundi huli ta ini labi-labi katibay sa basang kamugtakan asin nagin pinakagamit na kahoy sa pagtogdok nin mga harong sa panahon kan Huring Jōmon. Durante kan Huring Jōmon na panahon, sarong maluway na pagbabago an nangyayari sa sulnupan na Hapon: an padagos na paglangkaw kan pakikipag-ulay sa [[Korea|Peninsula nin Korea]] sa kahurihurihi nagdara sa pagmukna nin mga estaran na tipong Koreano sa sulnupan na Kyushu, na nagpoon kan mga [[900s BC (decade)|900 BC]] . An mga paraerok nagdara nin mga bagong teknolohiya arog kan [[Paroyan|pag-oma nin basang paroy]] asin metalurhiya nin bronse asin bakal, siring man nin mga bagong estilo nin paggibo nin koron na kapareho kan mga panahon nin paggibo nin kuron kan Mumun . An mga erokan kan mga bagong abot na ini garo baga nag-eksister kaiba kan mga Jōmon asin Yayoi sa laog nin mga sangribong taon. [[Ladawan:Yoshinogari-iseki tateana-tatemono.jpg|thumb|Pagtogdok liwat kan sarong harong kan panahon ni Yayoi sa Kyushu]] Sa luwas kan Hokkaido, an Huring Jōmon sinundan nin sarong bagong kultura nin pag-oma, an [[Yayoi period|Yayoi]] (c. 300 BC – AD 300), na ipinangaran sa sarong arkeolohikong lugar harani sa Tokyo. Sa laog kan Hokkaido, an Jōmon sinundan kan [[Okhotsk culture|kulturang Okhotsk]] asin kulturang [[Zoku-Jōmon period|Zoku-Jōmon]] (post-Jōmon) o Epi-Jōmon, na kan huri nagsalida o nakisumaro sa [[Satsumon culture|kulturang Satsumon]] kan mga ika-7 siglo. Sa katapusan kan panahon nin Jōmon an lokal na populasyon nagbaba nin biglang. Isinusuherir nin mga sientista na posibleng huli ini sa kakulangan nin kakanon asin iba pang problema sa palibot. Nagkonklusyon sinda na bako gabos na grupo nin Jōmon nagtios sa irarom kan mga sirkumstansyang ini alagad an kabilogan na populasyon nagbaba. <ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ohashi|first1=Jun|last2=Tokunaga|first2=Katsushi|last3=Hitomi|first3=Yuki|last4=Sawai|first4=Hiromi|last5=Khor|first5=Seik-Soon|last6=Naka|first6=Izumi|last7=Watanabe|first7=Yusuke|date=2019-06-17|title=Analysis of whole Y-chromosome sequences reveals the Japanese population history in the Jomon period|journal=Scientific Reports|language=en|volume=9|issue=1|pages=8556|bibcode=2019NatSR...9.8556W|doi=10.1038/s41598-019-44473-z|issn=2045-2322|pmc=6572846|pmid=31209235}}</ref> Sa pagsiyasat kan mga tada kan mga tawong nabuhay sa bilog na panahon kan Jōmon, igwa nin ebidensya na an mga kagadanan na ini dai ginibo nin gera o kadahasan sa dakulang eskala tanganing magin kausa kan mga kagadanan na ini. == Mga mito sa pundasyon == An [[Origin myth|mga mito kan ginikanan]] kan [[Culture of Japan|sibilisasyon kan Hapon]] minabalik sa mga panahon na ngonyan pighihiling na parte kan panahon kan Jōmon, alagad sinda nagpapahiling nin dikit o mayo man nin relasyon sa presenteng arkeolohikong pakasabot kan kulturang Jōmon. An tradisyonal na petsa kan pagmukna kan nasyon Hapon ni [[Emperador Jimmu]] iyo an Pebrero 11, 660 BC. An bersyon na iyan kan kasaysayan kan Hapon, alagad, gikan sa enot na mga nakasurat na rekord kan nasyon, an ''[[Kojiki]]'' asin an ''[[Nihon Shoki]]'', na nagpoon kan ika-6 sagkod ika-8 siglo, pagkatapos na an Hapon nag-ampon [[Chinese characters|nin mga karakter na Intsik]] ( Go-on / [[Kan-on]] ). An nagkapirang elemento kan modernong kulturang Hapon pwedeng nagpoon sa panahon asin nagpapahiling kan mga impluwensya kan pinaghalo-halong paglipat gikan sa norteng kontinente nin Asya asin sa timog na mga lugar sa Pasipiko asin sa mga lokal na [[Jōmon people|mga tawong Jōmon]]. Kabali sa mga elementong iyan an mga naenot sa [[Shinto]], mga kaugalean sa kasal, mga estilo nin arkitektura, asin mga pag-uswag sa teknolohiya arog kan mga lacquerware, mga pana na may lamina na inaapod na " ''yumi'' ", asin paggibo nin metal. == Ginikanan asin etnohenesis == {{Bronze Age footer}} [[Ladawan:Jomon_people_Skull_and_Restoration_model_-_Niigata_Prefectural_Museum_of_History.jpg|thumb|An forensic reconstruction gikan sa sarong lokal na sample ni Niigata Jōmon]] An relasyon kan [[Jōmon people|mga tawong Jōmon]] sa mga modernong panibagong Hapon (mga tawong Yamato), mga Ryukyuan, asin [[Ainu people|mga Ainu]] bakong malinaw. An mga pag-aadal sa morpolohiya kan pagkakaiba-iba kan ngipon asin mga pag-aadal sa henetiko nagsusuherir na an mga tawong Jōmon medyo manlaen-laen, asin an mga pag-aadal sa mitochondrial DNA nagpapahiling na an mga tawong Jōmon harani sa mga modernong.an kuntimpurarayong mga hapon ba may mga halo an iba nin paradakop hayop sa sadiring kuta kan Jomon na panahonna nakabasi sa pagnago kan oras asin panahon. [[East Asian people|Sirangan na Asyano]] . <ref name="Hiedaki2013">{{Cite journal|title=Ancient mitochondrial DNA sequences of Jōmon teeth samples from Sanganji, Tohoku district, Japan|url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ase/121/2/121_121113/_pdf|access-date=18 April 2017}}</ref>​ <ref>{{Cite journal|title=Origins and affinities of Japanese viewed from cranial measurements}}</ref> <ref name="Hammer">{{Cite journal|title=Dual origins of the Japanese: Common ground for hunter-gatherer and farmer Y&nbsp;chromosomes}}</ref> <ref name="Rasteiro">{{Cite journal|title=Revisiting the peopling of Japan: An admixture perspective}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|title=Paleolithic contingent in modern Japanese: Estimation and inference using genome-wide data}}</ref> <ref name="OverviewSato2014">{{Cite journal|title=Overview of genetic variation in the Y&nbsp;chromosome of modern Japanese males}}</ref> <ref name="Kiriyama17">{{Cite journal|title=A partial nuclear genome of the Jōmons who lived {{nowrap|3 000 years}} ago in Fukushima, Japan}}</ref> <ref name="Nara 2019 65–72">{{Cite journal|title=Mitochondrial DNA analysis of the human skeletons excavated from the Shomyoji shell midden site, Kanagawa, Japan|url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ase/127/1/127_190307/_html/-char/ja|language=en}}</ref> An modernong populasyon kan mga Hapon igwa nin mga 30% na paternal na ginikanan gikan sa mga Jōmon. Ini mas halangkaw nanggad kisa sa kontribusyon kan Jōmon kan ina na mga 15%, asin kontribusyon kan autosomal na 10% sa populasyon kan Hapon. An bakong timbang na pamana na ini inaapod na "admixture paradox", asin pighuhuna na igwa nin mga paisi kun pano nangyari an paghalo sa pag-ultanan kan mga kulturang Jōmon asin Yayoi . <ref name="Osada">{{Cite journal|last1=Osada|first1=Naoki|last2=Kawai|first2=Yosuke|title=Exploring models of human migration to the Japanese archipelago using genome-wide genetic data|journal=Anthropological Science|volume=129|issue=1|pages=45–58|doi=10.1537/ase.201215|issn=0918-7960}} "The high frequency of the Y-chromosomal Jomon haplotype (~30%) clearly shows that Jomon ancestry in the present-day Japanese population is much stronger on the Y chromosomes than on autosomes (Sato et al., 2014b). In contrast, the Jomon ancestry proportion of mitochondrial genomes is less certain because the frequency of M7a and N9b haplogroups in Jomon people are somewhat variable across the Japanese archipelago (Adachi et al., 2009). If we assumed that the proportion of M7a and N9b haplogroups in Jomon was around 70%, the mitochondrial Jomon ancestry would be around 15% in present-day Japanese individuals. The observed imbalance of Jomon ancestry among autosomal, Y-chromosomal, and mitochondrial genomes, which we refer to as the ‘admixture paradox’, seems confusing but worthwhile to study further to elucidate the process of admixture of Jomon and Yayoi genetic components."</ref> Susog ki [[:ja:崎谷満|Mitsuru Sakitani]] an mga tawong Jōmon sarong pinaghalo nin nagkapirang populasyon [[Paleolitiko|kan Paleolitiko]] . Isinusuherir niya na an Y-chromosome haplogroups C1a1 asin D-M55 duwa sa mga linyada kan Jōmon. An mga haplogroup kan ina na M7a, N9b, asin G1b namidbid gikan sa mga suanoy na ispesimen kan Jōmon. <ref name="Osada" /> Susog sa pag-aadal na "Kultura nin Jōmon asin an pag-istar kan arkipelago kan Hapon" ni Schmidt asin Seguchi (2014), an mga prehistorikong mga tawong Jōmon naggikan sa manlaen-laen na populasyon kan paleolitiko na may dakol na paglipat pasiring sa Hapon kan panahon nin Jōmon. Nagkonklusyon sinda: "Sa bagay na ini, an biyolohikal na identidad kan mga Jōmon heterogeneous, asin ini pwedeng nagpapahiling nin manlaen-laen na mga tawo na posibleng kabali sa sarong bistong na kulturang kinasanayan, na sambitan na bilang an Jōmon". May sarong pag-aadal ni Lee asin Hasegawa kan [[Waseda University]] nagkonklusyon na an kinabibilangan populasyon kan panahon nin Jōmon sa [[Hokkaido]] igwa nin duwang magkalaen na populasyon na kan huri nagsararo tanganing makabilog kan proto- [[Ainu people|Ainu]] sa norteng Hokkaido. An mga tataramon na Ainu pwedeng isumpay sa sarong " Okhotsk component" na naglakop pasiring sa timog. Nagkonklusyon pa sinda na an "dual structure theory" manungod sa kasaysayan kan populasyon kan Hapon dapat na rebisaron asin na an mga tawong Jōmon igwa nin mas dakul na pagkakaiba-iba kisa sa orihinal na isinuherir. <ref name="Lee, Hasegawa">{{Cite journal|title=Evolution of the Ainu Language in Space and Time|url=}}</ref> A 2015 study found specific gene [[Allele|alleles]], related to facial structure and features among some Ainu individuals, which largely descended from local Hokkaido Jōmon groups. These alleles are typically associated with Europeans but absent from other East Asians (including Japanese people), which suggests geneflow from a currently unidentified source population into the Jōmon period population of [[Hokkaido]]. Although these specific alleles can explain the unusual physical appearance of certain Ainu individuals, compared to other Northeast Asians, the exact origin of these alleles remains unknown.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Jinam|first1=Timothy A.|last2=Kanzawa-Kiriyama|first2=Hideaki|last3=Inoue|first3=Ituro|last4=Tokunaga|first4=Katsushi|last5=Omoto|first5=Keiichi|last6=Saitou|first6=Naruya|date=October 2015|title=Unique characteristics of the Ainu population in Northern Japan|journal=Journal of Human Genetics|language=en|volume=60|issue=10|pages=565–571|doi=10.1038/jhg.2015.79|pmid=26178428|issn=1435-232X}}</ref> Matsumura et. al (2019), however, states that these phenotypes were shared by prehistoric south Chinese and Southeast Asian peoples.<ref name="urlCraniometrics Reveal “Two Layers” of Prehistoric Human Dispersal in Eastern Eurasia">{{Cite journal|last1=Matsumura|first1=H.|last2=Hung|first2=H. C.|last3=Higham|first3=C.|last4=Zhang|first4=C.|last5=Yamagata|first5=M.|last6=Nguyen|first6=L. C.|title=Craniometrics Reveal "Two Layers" of Prehistoric Human Dispersal in Eastern Eurasia|journal=Scientific Reports|volume=9|issue=1|pages=1451|doi=10.1038/s41598-018-35426-z|issn=2045-2322|pmid=30723215}}</ref> An bilog [[Genome analysis|na pag-analisar kan genome]] kan 2020 asin 2021 naghayag nin dugang pang impormasyon manunggod sa ginikanan kan mga tawong Jōmon. An mga resulta sa henetiko nagsusuherir nin amay na paghalo sa pag-oltanan kan manlaen-laen na grupo sa Hapon durante kan [[Paleolitiko]], na sinundan nin danay na geneflow gikan sa mga grupo sa baybayon kan Sirangan na Asya, na nagresulta sa sarong heterogeneous na populasyon na dangan nag-homogenize sagkod sa pag-abot kan mga tawong Yayoi . An geneflow gikan sa Norteng-sirangan na Asya sa panahon kan Jōmon konektado sa C1a1 asin C2 na mga linya, an geneflow gikan sa Tibetan Plateau asin Sur na Tsina konektado sa D1a2a (dati D1b) asin D1a1 (dati D1a) na linya. An geneflow hale sa suanoy na Siberia pasiring sa mga tawong Jōmon sa norte kan Hokkaido nadetektaran man, na may huri na geneflow hale sa Hokkaido pasiring sa mga parte kan norteng Honshu ( [[Rehiyon Tōhoku|Tohoku]] ). An mga linyada na K asin F isinusuherir na iprinesentar sa amay na panahon kan Jōmon alagad sinalidahan kan C asin D. An pag-analisar kan sarong sampol kan Jōmon (Ikawazu shell-mound, Tahara, Hapon) asin sarong suanoy na sampol gikan sa Tibetan Plateau (Chokhopani, Tsina) nakanompong sana nin parsial na pinag-iribang ginikanan, na nagtutukdo sa sarong "positibong happy bottle" manungod sa paglakop kan henetiko D gikan sa suanoy na "East Asian Highlanders" (may relasyon sa modernong aldaw na mga tawong Tujia, mga tawong Yao, asin mga Tibetan, siring man sa mga tawong Tripuri ). An henetikong ebidensya nagsusuherir na an sarong populasyon na gikan sa Sirangan na Asya, harani sa [[Himalaya|kabukidan nin Himalaya]], nagkontribwir nin ginikanan sa populasyon kan panahon nin Jōmon sa Hapon, asin mas dikit sa mga suanoy na taga-Sur-subangan na Asya. An mga kagsurat nagkonklusyon na ini nagtutukdo sa sarong paglipat sa laog kan daga sa paagi kan timog o sentral na Tsina pasiring sa Hapon durante kan Paleolitiko. An saro pang sangkap kan ginikanan garo baga nag-abot hale sa Siberia pasiring sa Hokkaido. [[Amihanan-subangan na Indya|.]] An sarong komun na kultura, na midbid bilang an "broadleafed evergreen forest culture", nagpoon sa timog-sulnupan na Hapon sagkod sa timog na Tsina pasiring sa Norte-sirangan na Indya asin timog na Tibet, asin nabibisto sa pagkultibar nin mga pisog nin Azuki . An ibang mga linggwista nagsusuherir na an mga tataramon na Hapon yaon na sa laog kan arkipelago kan Hapon asin sa baybayon kan Korea, bago an panahon kan Yayoi, asin pwedeng isumpay sa saro sa mga populasyon kan Jōmon sa sur-sulnupan na Hapon, imbes na sa mga huring panahon kan Yayoi o Kofun na mga paraoma nin paroy. An mga parataram [[Mga tataramon na Haponiko|nin Hapon]] dangan naghiwas sa panahon kan Yayoi, na inasimila an mga bagong abot, nag-ampon nin agrikultura nin paroy, asin pinagsasaro an mga teknolohiya sa kontinente kan Asya sa mga lokal na tradisyon. <ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Chaubey|first1=Gyaneshwer|last2=Driem|first2=George van|date=2020|title=Munda languages are father tongues, but Japanese and Korean are not|journal=Evolutionary Human Sciences|language=en|volume=2|pages=e19|doi=10.1017/ehs.2020.14|pmid=37588351|pmc=10427457|issn=2513-843X|quote="The Japonic-speaking Early Jōmon people must have been drawn in to avail themselves of the pickings of Yayoi agricultural yields, and the Yayoi may have prospered and succeeded in multiplying their paternal lineages precisely because they managed to accommodate the Jōmon linguistically and in material ways."<br/>"The dual nature of Japanese population structure was advanced by Miller, who proposed that the resident Jōmon population spoke an Altaic language ancestral to modern Japanese, and this Altaic tongue underwent Austronesian influence when the islanders absorbed the bearers of the incursive Yayoi culture."}}</ref> == Pagbuhay liwat kan kultura == An modernong pagmansay kan publiko ki Jōmon luway-luway na nagbago gikan sa primitibo asin lihis na sa panahon pasiring sa nakakaakit: == Mga litrato == {{Authority control}} == Hilingon man == {{Asia in topic|History of}}{{Prehistoric technology}} == Mga nota sa ibaba == {{Asia in topic|History of}} == Mga Reperensya == {{Prehistoric technology}} == Mga pinagkukuanan == * Aikens, C. Melvin, asin Takayasu Higuchi. (1982). ''Bago an Kasaysayan kan Hapon'' . Mga Pag-aadal sa Arkeolohiya. New York: Academic Press. (pangenot na teksto 337 pahina; Jōmon teksto 92 pahina) * * * Habu, Junko, "Mga sistema nin Subsistence-Settlement sa intersite variability sa Moroiso Phase kan Amay na Jōmon Period kan Hapon" * Hudson, Mark J., ''Ruins of Identity: Ethnogenesis in the Japanese Islands'', University of Hawai`i Press, 1999, * Imamura, Keiji, ''Prehistoric Japan'', University of Hawai`i Press, 1996, * Kobayashi, Tatsuo. (2004). ''Mga Paghorop-horop ni Jōmon: Buhay asin Kultura nin Parahanap nin Pagkakan sa Prehistorikong Arkipelago nin Hapon'' . Ed. Si Simon Kaner kaiba si Oki Nakamura. Oxford, England: Oxbow Books. (pangenot na teksto 186 na pahina, gabos sa Jōmon) * Koyama, Shuzo, asin David Hurst Thomas (mga editor). (1979). ''Mga Mayaman na Parahanap nin Kakanon: Mga Baybayon kan Pasipiko sa Sirangan asin Solnopan'' . Senri Ethnological Studies No. 9. Osaka: National Museum of Ethnology. * Mason, Penelope E., kaiba si Donald Dinwiddie, ''Kasaysayan kan arte kan Hapon'', ika-2 edisyon 2005, Pearson Prentice Hall, , 9780131176027 * Michael, Henry N., "An Panahon nin Neolitiko sa Sirangan na Siberia." Henry N. Michael. ''Mga Transaksyon kan American Philosophical Society'', Bagong Ser., Vol. 48, No. 2 (1958), pp.&nbsp;1–108. ( laminated bow gikan sa Korekawa, Aomori ) * Mizoguchi, Koji, ''Sarong Arkeolohikong Kasaysayan kan Hapon: 10,000 BC sagkod AD 700'', University of Pennsylvania Press, 2002, * Pearson, Richard J., Gina Lee Barnes, asin Karl L. Hutterer (mga editor). (1986). ''Mga Bintana sa Nakaagi kan Hapon: Mga Pag-aadal sa Arkeolohiya asin Prehistory'' . Ann Arbor, Michigan: Sentro para sa mga Pag-aadal sa Hapon, An Unibersidad kan Michigan. (pangenot na teksto 496 na pahina; teksto ni Jōmon 92 na pahina) * * * * == Mga panluwas na sumpay == <gallery mode="packed" heights="175px"> Ladawan:Late_Jomon_clay_statue_Kazahari_I_Aomoriken_1500BCE_-_1000BCE.jpg|alt=Late Jōmon clay statue, Kazahari I, Aomori Prefecture, 1500–1000 BC| Huring Jōmon clay statue, Kazahari I, [[Aomori Prefecture]], 1500–1000 BC Ladawan:Late_Jomon_clay_head_Shidanai_Iwateken_1500BCE_1000BCE.jpg| An huring Jōmon dalipay na na payo, Shidanai, [[Prepekturang Iwate|Iwate Prefecture]], 1500–1000 BC Ladawan:MiddleJomonJar2000BCE.jpg|alt=A Middle Jōmon jar, 2000 BC| Sarong garapon na Middle Jōmon, 2000 BC Ladawan:FinalJomonJarKamegaoka.jpg|alt=Final Jōmon jar, Kamegaoka style| Huring Jōmon garapon, may estilo nin Kamegaoka Ladawan:Clay_statue,_late_Jomon_period.JPG|alt=Clay statue, late Jōmon period (1000–400 BC), Tokyo National Museum| Estatuwang gibo sa dalipay, kan huring panahon ni Jōmon (1000–400 BC), Tokyo National Museum </gallery> * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/ahistoryoftheworld/objects/tKmMd2a9SBuOeTay4eiStQ BBC audio file (15 minutos)] . Pag-orolay kan mga kaldero ni Jōmon. ''Sarong Kasaysayan kan Kinaban sa 100 na Bagay'' . * [http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/jomo/hd_jomo.htm Departamento nin Arte sa Asya. "Kultura nin Jōmon (mga 10,500–mga 300 BC)"] . Sa Heilbrunn Timeline kan Kasaysayan kan Arte. New York: An Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–. (Oktubre 2002) * [http://sitereports.nabunken.go.jp/en Komprehensibong Database kan mga Report sa Arkeolohikal na Lugar sa Hapon, an Nara National Research Institute para sa mga Kultural na Properties.] * [http://www.um.u-tokyo.ac.jp/publish_db/2000dm2k/english/02/02.html Memorya kan Panahon ni Jōmon kan Museo kan Unibersidad, Unibersidad kan Tokyo] * [http://www.dil2.sakura.ne.jp/eng/index.php/en/research/jomon-archaeology/16-research-e/14-japanese-prehistory An Prehistorikong Arkeolohiya kan Hapon kan Niigata Prefectural Museum of History] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070727112153/http://www.jomon.or.jp/e3.html Mga Kronolohiya kan Panahon ni Jōmon] * [http://www.t-net.ne.jp/~keally/jomon.html Jōmon Culture ni Propesor Charles T Keally] * [http://www.t-net.ne.jp/~keally/yayoi.html Kultura kan Yayoi ni Propesor Charles T Keally] * [http://www.tamagawa.ac.jp/SISETU/kyouken/jomon/ An buhay kan mga tawong Jōmon, Unibersidad nin Tamagawa] {{Portal|Ancient Japan}} {{Notelist|1}}{{Prehistoric technology}}{{Asia in topic|History of}} [[Kategorya:Pages with unreviewed translations]] b13506ayhmqmb3k4qayd9o94as00ixz Nora Daza 0 55568 311692 311625 2026-10-19T02:48:21Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 311692 wikitext text/x-wiki Si '''Nora Guanzon Villanueva-Daza''' (Disyembre 2, 1928 – Setyembre 13, 2013), na midbid bilang '''Chef Nora Daza''', sarong Pilipinong beteranong ''[[gourmet chef]],'' [[Restaurateur|''restaurateur'']], ''[[socio-civic leader]]'', ''[[host]]'' sa telebisyon, asin best-selling ''[[cookbook author]]'' Pigkonsiderar si Daza bilang pinakaenot na icon sa pagluto kan Filipinas, asin binibisto man bilang ''[["Julia Child of the Philippines" asin]]'' pinakaenot na "embahador sa pagluto" kan Filipinas. == Amay na buhay == Si Daza namundag sa ''[[Batangas]]'', ki Alejandro Jose Villanueva, sarong inhenyero sibil na taga ''[[Batangas City,]]'' asin an saiyang agom na si ''Encarnacion Guanzon'', aki ni Olympio Guanzon na dating Gobernador kan Pampanga. An saiyang ina na si Guanzon dai nanggad nakanuod magluto, alagad nakumbinsir ni Daza an saiyang ina na magtipon nin mga resipe para saiya sa hoben na edad. Kan siya 8 anyos pa sana, nagpoon si Daza na magluto nin mga ''pancake'' para sa saiyang pamilya, mga kataed, asin mga amigo kan saiyang magurang. == Edukasyon == Kan 1952, si Daza naggradwar sa ''[[Unibersidad kan Pilipinas]]'' na may Batsilyer's degree sa ''[[Home Economics]]''. Nanodan niya an manungod sa pagluto asin pag-catering kan mga Pilipino mantang nagtatrabaho siya sa karinderya kan ''[[Unibersidad kan Filipinas]]''. Dangan nagduman siya sa Estados Unidos tanganing mag-adal sa ''[[Cornell University]]'' sa ''[[Ithaca]]'', ''[[New York,]]'' para sa sarong ''[[Master of Science sa Restaurant and Institutional Management.]]'' Sa Cornell, siya nagin miyembro kan ''[[Phi Kappa Phi]]'' honor society, asin yaon sa top 10 kan saiyang klase. Si Daza kan huri nag'adal nin lutong Pranses sa ''[[Paris]]'', sa irarom kan pag'ataman ni ''[[Simone Beck,]]'' asin ''[[Louisette Bertholle.]]'' Si Beck asin Bertholle mga kagsurat kan ''[[Mastering the Art of French Cooking]]'' ni Julia Child, na orog pang nagpakusog ki Daza na midbid bilang "Julia Child of the Philippines." Mantang nakaistar sa Paris, si Daza nagmamaneho nin ''[[Austin Mini.]]'' == Karera == Si Daza an pinakaenot na bitoon sa tri-media kan dekada sesenta asin sitenta sa Filipinas, sa saiyang pinakamabenta na mga libro sa pagluto; Mga palabas sa pagluto sa TV na ''At Home with Nora, Bahala si Mommy'', asin ''Cooking It Up with Nora''; mga palabas sa radyo na ''Sa Harong kaiba si Nora'' asin ''Sa Harong kaiba an mga Bitoon''; asin mga kolum para sa ''Women's Magazine'', ''[[The Manila Chronicle,]]'' asin ''[[The Philippine Daily Inquirer]]''. An saiyang pagluto nagpahiling kan manlaen-laen na kasaysayan asin etnikong pagkabilog kan Pilipinas, siring man an saiyang edukasyon sa ''[[Amerika]]'' asin pagsasanay sa Pranses, sa paagi nin paggamit nin mga lutong Filipino, Intsik, "''Chinoy''", ''Espanyol'', ''Amerikano'', asin ''Italyano''.[5] Si Daza nagin hurado sa mga paligsahan sa pagluto na ginibo kan Manila Gas Corporation poon 1957 sagkod 1960. Siya an nag-host kan mga palabas sa pagluto sa telebisyon ''na At Home with Nora'' asin ''Cooking It Up with Nora'' na nagkaigwa nin mahiwas na popular na pag-omaw asin pagdalan sa laog nin nagkapirang taon. Siya ninombrahan na Direktor kan Manila Gas Cooking School kun saen siya nagpili, nagbago, nagtsek, asin nagtesting sa kusina nin labing limang gatos na mga resipe para sa mga tolong ribong estudyante na nag-enrol sa laog nin apat na taon. <ref name=":1">{{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Michaela|date=April 27, 2020|title=A look back at culinary icon Nora Daza through the eyes of her editor (and goddaughter)|url=https://metro.style/food/features/nora-daza-culinary-icon/24736}}</ref> <ref name=":9">{{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris}}</ref> == Pagkabuhay == == Private life == {{Pangarang Pilipino|Guanzon|Villanueva|Daza|ph=married}} {| class="wikitable" |+ ! colspan="2" |Nora Daza |- |'''Ipinanganak''' |Nora Guanzon Villanueva Disyembre 2, 1928 Batangas, Philippine Islands |- |'''Namatay''' |Setyembre 13, 2013 (edad 84) Manila, Pilipinas |- |'''Lugar nin Pahingahan''' |Loyola Memorial, Quezon City |- |'''Alma mater''' | University of the Philippines, Cornell University |- |'''Propesyon''' |Chef, restaurateur, TV host |- |'''Taon kan Pagaktibo''' |1948–1958 Pahingalay: 1958–1992 1992–2004 |- |'''Kilalado para sa''' |Filipino Cookbooks, Filipino Fine Dining |- |'''Partido Politikal''' |Nacionalista (1992) |- |'''Asawa''' |Gabriel Daza, Jr. (namatay na) |- |'''Mga Anak''' |Gabriel "Bong" Daza III Alejandro "Sandy" Daza Mariles Daza-Enriquez Stella Daza-Belda Nina Daza-Puyat |- |'''Mga Magurang''' |Alejandro Jose Villanueva (amô) Encarnacion Guanzon (ina) |- |'''Mga Parientes''' |Isabelle Daza (apu na babaye) |} # {{cite news|title=A TASTEFUL EXCHANGE|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26%2C+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525092233/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26,+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 25, 2011|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=January 26, 1989|accessdate=2008-11-04|first=Minnie|last=Bernardino|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525092233/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26,+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|archivedate=May 25, 2011}} # {{cite news|title=Grilling Nora Daza|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1203852831.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022050713/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1203852831.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 22, 2012|work=Filipinas|date=July 1, 2006|accessdate=2008-11-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022050713/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1203852831.html|archivedate=October 22, 2012}} # {{Cite news|last=Baga-Reyes|first=Vangie|date=September 14, 2013|title=Nora Daza, icon of cooking; 84|newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer|url=https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/125469/nora-daza-icon-of-cooking-84/}} # {{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}} # {{Cite web|date=April 30, 2014|title=Nora V. Daza — The Great Culinary Icon|url=https://themayakitchen.com/nora-v-daza-the-great-culinary-icon/|website=The Maya Kitchen Culinary Arts Center}} # {{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Mickey|date=March 10, 2011|title=Nora Daza, Pinoy cooking pioneer, gets her due|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]|url=|via=[[PressReader]]}} # {{Cite news|last=Daza-Puyat|first=Nina|date=October 3, 2021|title=How Nora Daza won over the French with calderetta, taba ng talangka and capiz chandeliers|work=[[ABS-CBN News Channel]]|url=https://www.abs-cbn.com/ancx/food-drink/features/10/03/21/how-nora-daza-won-over-the-french-with-taba-ng-talangka}} # {{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|via=[[PressReader]]}} # {{Cite news|last=Salcedo|first=Margaux|author-link=Margaux Salcedo|date=December 29, 2019|title=The original food influencer's memory lives on|url=https://business.inquirer.net/286279/the-original-food-influencers-memory-lives-on|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]}} # {{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Michaela|date=April 27, 2020|title=A look back at culinary icon Nora Daza through the eyes of her editor (and goddaughter)|work=[[Metro Channel]]|url=https://metro.style/food/features/nora-daza-culinary-icon/24736}} # {{Cite news|last=Cruz|first=Vida|date=September 13, 2013|title=Philippine culinary legend Nora Daza passes away|work=[[GMA News and Public Affairs]]|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/food/326321/philippine-culinary-legend-nora-daza-passes-away/story/}} # {{Cite book|title=The Philippines who's who|last1=Soriano|first1=D.H.|last2=Retizos|first2=Isidro|publisher=Who's Who Publishers|year=1981|edition=2nd|location=Metro Manila|pages=126}} # {{Cite news|last=Salcedo|first=Margaux|author-link=Margaux Salcedo|date=July 19, 2012|title=Nora Daza: The Philippines' first culinary ambassador|url=https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/58025/nora-daza-the-philippines%E2%80%99-first-culinary-ambassador/|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]}} # {{cite news|title=Culinary icon Nora Daza passes away|url=http://ph.she.yahoo.com/culinary-icon-nora-daza-passes-away-025509771.html|work=[[Yahoo! Philippines]]|date=September 13, 2013|accessdate=2013-09-13|archive-date=2013-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915213938/http://ph.she.yahoo.com/culinary-icon-nora-daza-passes-away-025509771.html|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915213938/http://ph.she.yahoo.com/culinary-icon-nora-daza-passes-away-025509771.html|archivedate=2013-09-15}} # {{Cite book|title=Savoring Gotham: A Food Lover's Companion to New York City|last1=Smith|first1=Andrew F.|last2=Orquiza|first2=René Alexander|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=2015|isbn=978-0190263638|location=New York|pages=207–208}} # {{Cite news|last=Mishan|first=Ligaya|date=March 12, 2018|title=Filipino Food Finds a Place in the American Mainstream|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/12/dining/filipino-cooking.html}} # {{Cite news|last=Afinidad|first=Deni Rose M.|date=March 2, 2011|title=Nora Daza: Dinner with an icon|work=[[Daily Tribune (Philippines)|Daily Tribune]]}} # {{Cite journal|date=May 4, 1950|title=Beldad Universitaria que se Casara|url=https://repository.mainlib.upd.edu.ph/resource_details.php?id=46681|journal=Semana Revista Ilustrada Hispano-Filipina|language=Spanish|volume=III|issue=72|pages=8|via=Open Access Repository@UPD}} # '''Nora Guanzon Villanueva-Daza''' (Disiembre 2, 1928 – Setyembre 13, 2013), na mas kilala bilang '''Chef Nora Daza''', sarong Pilipinhon na batid na gourmet chef, tag-iya nin restoran, lider sa sosyo-sibil, tagapamugos sa telebisyon, <ref>{{cite news|title=A TASTEFUL EXCHANGE|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26%2C+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525092233/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26,+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 25, 2011|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=January 26, 1989|accessdate=2008-11-04|first=Minnie|last=Bernardino|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525092233/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26,+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|archivedate=May 25, 2011}}</ref> asin man may-ari nin mga librong pampanlutuon na mabenta nin marhay.<ref>{{cite news|title=Grilling Nora Daza|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1203852831.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022050713/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1203852831.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 22, 2012|work=Filipinas|date=July 1, 2006|accessdate=2008-11-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022050713/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1203852831.html|archivedate=October 22, 2012}}</ref> Si Daza tinuturing bilang pangunang culinary icon kan Pilipinas, asin kilala man bilang "Julia Child kan Pilipinas" asin pangunang "culinary ambassador" kan bansa.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Baga-Reyes|first=Vangie|date=September 14, 2013|title=Nora Daza, icon of cooking; 84|newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer|url=https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/125469/nora-daza-icon-of-cooking-84/}}</ref> == Amay na buhay == Si Daza ipinanganak sa Batangas, sa pamilya ni Alejandro Jose Villanueva, sarong civil engineer hale sa Batangas City, asin sa saiyang asawa na hi Encarnacion Guanzon, na anak ni Olympio Guanzon, kan dating Gobernador kan Pampanga. An saiyang nanay, hi Guanzon, dai nag-uripon magluto, pero pinursigi ni Daza an saiyang nanay na magkolekta nin mga resipi para saiya haloy pa sa batan-on. Sa edad na 8 taon, nagsimulang magluto si Daza nin mga pancake para sa saiyang pamilya, mga kapitbahay, asin mga kaibanan kan saiyang mga kagurangnan.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref> == Edukasyon == Pagka 1952, nagtapos si Daza sa '''University of the Philippines''' [alin?] na may '''Bachelor's degree sa Home Economics'''.<ref name=":0"/> Nag-adal siya man nin Filipino na pagluluto asin catering habang nagtatrabaho sa cafeteria kan University of the Philippines.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Mickey|date=March 10, 2011|title=Nora Daza, Pinoy cooking pioneer, gets her due|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]|url=|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> Ngunian, nagtukaw siya sa '''United States''' para mag-adal sa '''Cornell University''' sa Ithaca, New York, para sa '''Master of Science sa Restaurant asin Institutional Management'''. Sa Cornell, naging miembro siya kan '''Phi Kappa Phi honor society''', asin sakop siya kan top 10 sa saiyang klase.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news|last=Daza-Puyat|first=Nina|date=October 3, 2021|title=How Nora Daza won over the French with calderetta, taba ng talangka and capiz chandeliers|work=[[ABS-CBN News Channel]]|url=https://www.abs-cbn.com/ancx/food-drink/features/10/03/21/how-nora-daza-won-over-the-french-with-taba-ng-talangka}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> Nag-adal pa si Daza nin '''French cuisine''' sa Paris, sa ilalim kan pagtutok ki '''Simone Beck''' asin '''Louisette Bertholle'''.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news|last=Daza-Puyat|first=Nina|date=October 3, 2021|title=How Nora Daza won over the French with calderetta, taba ng talangka and capiz chandeliers|work=[[ABS-CBN News Channel]]|url=https://www.abs-cbn.com/ancx/food-drink/features/10/03/21/how-nora-daza-won-over-the-french-with-taba-ng-talangka}}</ref> Si Beck asin Bertholle mga ka-autor kan librong '''Mastering the Art of French Cooking''' ni Julia Child, na nagpasigurado pa na kilala si Daza bilang "'''Julia Child kan Pilipinas'''."<ref name=":0" /> Habang nag-iistambay sa Paris, nagmamaneho si Daza nin '''Austin Mini'''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> == Karera == Si Daza an pirming '''tri-media star''' kan dekada 60 asin 70s sa Pilipinas, sa saiyang mga librong pampanlutuon na mabenta nin marhay; mga TV cooking shows na '''At Home with Nora''', '''Bahala si Mommy''', asin '''Cooking It Up with Nora'''; mga radio shows na '''At Home with Nora''' asin '''At Home with the Stars'''; asin mga kolum sa '''Women's Magazine''', '''The Manila Chronicle''', asin '''The Philippine Daily Inquirer'''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Michaela|date=April 27, 2020|title=A look back at culinary icon Nora Daza through the eyes of her editor (and goddaughter)|work=[[Metro Channel]]|url=https://metro.style/food/features/nora-daza-culinary-icon/24736}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Cruz|first=Vida|date=September 13, 2013|title=Philippine culinary legend Nora Daza passes away|work=[[GMA News and Public Affairs]]|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/food/326321/philippine-culinary-legend-nora-daza-passes-away/story/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> An saiyang pagluluto ipinapakita an iba-ibang kasaysayan asin etnikong kultura kan Pilipinas, pati na an saiyang edukasyon sa Amerika asin pagsasanay sa France, sa paggamit nin mga lutuing Pilipinhon, Tsino, "Chinoy", Kastila, Amerikano, asin Italiano.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Daza-Puyat|first=Nina|date=October 3, 2021|title=How Nora Daza won over the French with calderetta, taba ng talangka and capiz chandeliers|work=[[ABS-CBN News Channel]]|url=https://www.abs-cbn.com/ancx/food-drink/features/10/03/21/how-nora-daza-won-over-the-french-with-taba-ng-talangka}}</ref> Si Daza nagin '''hurado''' sa mga cooking contest na ginibo kan '''Manila Gas Corporation''' hale 1957 hasta 1960. Siya nag-host nin mga '''television cooking shows''' na '''At Home with Nora''' asin '''Cooking It Up with Nora''', na nakakua nin dakulang pagkamahal asin dami nin manonood sa mas marhay na mga taon. Siya naitalaga bilang '''Director kan Manila Gas Cooking School''' kun sain pinili, binag-o, sinuri, asin sinubok sa kusina an sobra lima-sangrangguhong resipi para sa mga humaloy na tulo ribu na estudyante na nag-enrol sa sagkod kan upat na taon.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Michaela|date=April 27, 2020|title=A look back at culinary icon Nora Daza through the eyes of her editor (and goddaughter)|work=[[Metro Channel]]|url=https://metro.style/food/features/nora-daza-culinary-icon/24736}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> Pagka 1965, nagbukas si Daza nin '''Au Bon Vivant (The Good Life)''' sa Ermita. An '''Au Bon Vivant''' tinuturing na pirming restoran sa Manila na nagtao nin '''tunay na French cuisine'''. Nagbukas man siya nin Pilipinhon na restoran sa Manila na pinangaranan '''Galing Galing''', na nagtao nin mga pagkaon na komportable para sa mga Pilipino, pareho kan '''kare-kare'''. Maski man, nasunog an '''Galing Galing''', asin sakop kaini an koleksyon ni Daza nin mga librong resipi. Pagka 1974, pinahaba ni Daza an saiyang negosyo sa Pilipinas asin nagbukas nin Au Bon Vivant sa '''Makati''', sa sentro kan negosyo kan NCR.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref><ref name=":7"/><ref>{{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Michaela|date=April 27, 2020|title=A look back at culinary icon Nora Daza through the eyes of her editor (and goddaughter)|work=[[Metro Channel]]|url=https://metro.style/food/features/nora-daza-culinary-icon/24736}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Krich|first=John|date=September 22, 2000|title=Filipino Cuisine Is in the Shadows Because of Lack of Glamour Image|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB96955536683442726}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Mickey|date=March 10, 2011|title=Nora Daza, Pinoy cooking pioneer, gets her due|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]|url=|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> Pagka 1972, nagbukas siya nin '''Aux Iles Philippines (The Philippine Islands)''', an pirming Pilipinhon na restoran sa Paris. Si Daza nagtao kan saiyang panggad na anak, hi Gabriel "Bong" Daza, na 22 anyos pa kaniadtong taon, an bug-os na responsabilidad kan '''Aux Iles Philippines'''. An '''Aux Iles Philippines''' nakakuha nin '''tulo na tinidor''' sa Michelin Guide, tinukdo bilang '''outstanding na restoran''' kan Gault-Millau restaurant guide, asin nakarawat nin pasidungog hale sa '''Le Monde''' asin '''International Herald Tribune'''. An Pranses na aktres na si '''Brigitte Bardot''' asin an Pranses na pilosopo na si '''Simone de Beauvoir''' sarong kilalang pirme nagbabaga sa restoran.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Krich|first=John|date=September 22, 2000|title=Filipino Cuisine Is in the Shadows Because of Lack of Glamour Image|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB96955536683442726}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Krich|first=John|date=September 22, 2000|title=Filipino Cuisine Is in the Shadows Because of Lack of Glamour Image|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB96955536683442726}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Salcedo|first=Margaux|author-link=Margaux Salcedo|date=December 29, 2019|title=The original food influencer's memory lives on|url=https://business.inquirer.net/286279/the-original-food-influencers-memory-lives-on|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> Pagka 1975, pinakiusapan siya kan Gobyerno ni '''Marcos''' na magbukas asin magpadalagan kan '''Maharlika''' sa ibaba na andana kan '''Philippine Center''', sa Manhattan, New York. An '''Maharlika''' an pirming Pilipinhon na '''fine-dining restaurant''' sa New York asin pinangaranan hale sa '''pre-kolonyal na Pilipinhon na Maharlika''', sarong klase kan mga freemen na mandirigma.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Baga-Reyes|first=Vangie|date=September 14, 2013|title=Nora Daza, icon of cooking; 84|newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer|url=https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/125469/nora-daza-icon-of-cooking-84/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Savoring Gotham: A Food Lover's Companion to New York City|last1=Smith|first1=Andrew F.|last2=Orquiza|first2=René Alexander|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=2015|isbn=978-0190263638|location=New York|pages=207–208}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Mishan|first=Ligaya|date=March 12, 2018|title=Filipino Food Finds a Place in the American Mainstream|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/12/dining/filipino-cooking.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Krich|first=John|date=September 22, 2000|title=Filipino Cuisine Is in the Shadows Because of Lack of Glamour Image|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB96955536683442726}}</ref><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":0" /> Hi '''Myra Waldo''', autor kan '''Restaurant Guide to New York City and Vicinity''', asin kan panahon na food asin travel editor kan '''WCBS (AM) radio''', nagsabi na an '''Maharlika''' sarong sa mga '''top restaurants''' sa syudad.<ref name=":0" /> An pagpasimuno ni Daza kan '''haute Filipino cuisine''' sa New York asin Paris, asin an pagdadara nin Parisian cuisine sa Manila, nagtao inspirasyon sa iba na tukdoan siya bilang "'''pangunang culinary ambassador kan Pilipinas'''."<ref>{{Cite news|last=Krich|first=John|date=September 22, 2000|title=Filipino Cuisine Is in the Shadows Because of Lack of Glamour Image|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB96955536683442726}}</ref> Sa dekada 60 asin 70s, pinapadara ni Daza an iba sa mga top na chefs kan bilog na kinaban sa Pilipinas, kaibahan kaini sinda '''Paul Bocuse''' asin '''Gaston LeNôtre'''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Daza-Puyat|first=Nina|date=October 3, 2021|title=How Nora Daza won over the French with calderetta, taba ng talangka and capiz chandeliers|work=[[ABS-CBN News Channel]]|url=https://www.abs-cbn.com/ancx/food-drink/features/10/03/21/how-nora-daza-won-over-the-french-with-taba-ng-talangka}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Salcedo|first=Margaux|author-link=Margaux Salcedo|date=December 29, 2019|title=The original food influencer's memory lives on|url=https://business.inquirer.net/286279/the-original-food-influencers-memory-lives-on|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]}}</ref> Si Daza naeleksyon bilang '''bise-presidente''' kan '''Philippine Association of Nutrition''', '''sekretaryo''' kan '''Hotel and Restaurant Association of the Philippines''', '''adviser-admiral''' kan '''Homemakers Club''', '''direktor''' kan '''Hotel and Tourist Industries of the Philippines''', asin '''presidente''' kan '''Philippine Home Economists in Business'''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Mickey|date=March 10, 2011|title=Nora Daza, Pinoy cooking pioneer, gets her due|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]|url=|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Afinidad|first=Deni Rose M.|date=March 2, 2011|title=Nora Daza: Dinner with an icon|work=[[Daily Tribune (Philippines)|Daily Tribune]]}}</ref> Pagka 1992, an kaibahan ni Daza hale sa U.P. na bise-presidente, hi '''Salvador "Doy" Laurel''', pinakiusapan siya na magkandidato sa '''Senado kan Pilipinas''' sa sakop kan '''Nacionalista Party'''. Nagkandidato siya sa plataporma na "'''Tamang Nutrisyon para sa Katawhan'''," pero dai siya nagdaog sa eleksyon.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Cruz|first=Vida|date=September 13, 2013|title=Philippine culinary legend Nora Daza passes away|work=[[GMA News and Public Affairs]]|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/food/326321/philippine-culinary-legend-nora-daza-passes-away/story/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Afinidad|first=Deni Rose M.|date=March 2, 2011|title=Nora Daza: Dinner with an icon|work=[[Daily Tribune (Philippines)|Daily Tribune]]}}</ref> == Pribadong buhay == An aki ni Daza na si Sandy Daza sarong chef asin restaurateur na espesyalisado sa mga pagkaon na Filipino asin Thai. Nagin host siya nin mga cooking show sa telebisyon asin nagsurat nin mga libro asin artikulo manungod sa pagluto asin pagbe-bake. An saro pang aki ni Daza na si Bong Daza, sarong food entrepreneur na espesyalisado sa mga naprosesong karne asin sira. Siya an dati nang agom ni Gloria Diaz, na nagdaog bilang Miss Universe kan 1969, alagad sa presente, sinda estranghero na sa lambang saro. Nagdalagan siya bilang vice-mayor kan Makati kan 1998, alagad napirde siya sa eleksyon. An saiyang apo na si Isabelle Daza sarong host man sa telebisyon. An saiyang apo man na si Turs sarong host sa telebisyon asin VJ sa MYX Channel. == Personal na buhay == Minasawa siya kan '''Gabriel "Boy" Daza, Jr.''', na nakilala niya sa universidad.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|date=May 4, 1950|title=Beldad Universitaria que se Casara|url=https://repository.mainlib.upd.edu.ph/resource_details.php?id=46681|journal=Semana Revista Ilustrada Hispano-Filipina|language=Spanish|volume=III|issue=72|pages=8|via=Open Access Repository@UPD}}</ref> Namuray siya na may mga anak na sinda '''Gabriel "Bong" Daza III''', '''Alejandro "Sandy" Daza''', food columnist kan '''Inquirer Lifestyle''', '''Mariles Daza-Enriquez''', '''Stella Daza-Belda''', asin '''Nina Daza-Puyat'''; asin may mga apo na sinda '''Arturo "Turs" Daza''', '''Ali Daza''', '''Joseph Puyat''', '''Gio Puyat''', '''Billie Puyat''', '''Mario Puyat''', '''Bolo Belda''', '''Franco Daza''', '''Bettina Belda''', '''Toby Belda''', '''Danielle Daza''', '''Isabelle Daza''', '''Ava Daza''', '''Raphael Daza''', '''Eduardo Taylor''', asin '''Rodrigo Enriquez'''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Baga-Reyes|first=Vangie|date=September 14, 2013|title=Nora Daza, icon of cooking; 84|newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer|url=https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/125469/nora-daza-icon-of-cooking-84/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref> == Private life == {{Pangarang Pilipino|Guanzon|Villanueva|Daza|ph=married}} {| class="wikitable" |+ ! colspan="2" |Nora Daza |- |'''Ipinanganak''' |Nora Guanzon Villanueva Disyembre 2, 1928 Batangas, Philippine Islands |- |'''Namatay''' |Setyembre 13, 2013 (edad 84) Manila, Pilipinas |- |'''Lugar nin Pahingahan''' |Loyola Memorial, Quezon City |- |'''Alma mater''' | University of the Philippines, Cornell University |- |'''Propesyon''' |Chef, restaurateur, TV host |- |'''Taon kan Pagaktibo''' |1948–1958 Pahingalay: 1958–1992 1992–2004 |- |'''Kilalado para sa''' |Filipino Cookbooks, Filipino Fine Dining |- |'''Partido Politikal''' |Nacionalista (1992) |- |'''Asawa''' |Gabriel Daza, Jr. (namatay na) |- |'''Mga Anak''' |Gabriel "Bong" Daza III Alejandro "Sandy" Daza Mariles Daza-Enriquez Stella Daza-Belda Nina Daza-Puyat |- |'''Mga Magurang''' |Alejandro Jose Villanueva (amô) Encarnacion Guanzon (ina) |- |'''Mga Parientes''' |Isabelle Daza (apu na babaye) |} # {{cite news|title=A TASTEFUL EXCHANGE|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26%2C+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525092233/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26,+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 25, 2011|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=January 26, 1989|accessdate=2008-11-04|first=Minnie|last=Bernardino|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525092233/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26,+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|archivedate=May 25, 2011}} # {{cite news|title=Grilling Nora Daza|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1203852831.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022050713/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1203852831.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 22, 2012|work=Filipinas|date=July 1, 2006|accessdate=2008-11-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022050713/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1203852831.html|archivedate=October 22, 2012}} # {{Cite news|last=Baga-Reyes|first=Vangie|date=September 14, 2013|title=Nora Daza, icon of cooking; 84|newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer|url=https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/125469/nora-daza-icon-of-cooking-84/}} # {{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}} # {{Cite web|date=April 30, 2014|title=Nora V. Daza — The Great Culinary Icon|url=https://themayakitchen.com/nora-v-daza-the-great-culinary-icon/|website=The Maya Kitchen Culinary Arts Center}} # {{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Mickey|date=March 10, 2011|title=Nora Daza, Pinoy cooking pioneer, gets her due|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]|url=|via=[[PressReader]]}} # {{Cite news|last=Daza-Puyat|first=Nina|date=October 3, 2021|title=How Nora Daza won over the French with calderetta, taba ng talangka and capiz chandeliers|work=[[ABS-CBN News Channel]]|url=https://www.abs-cbn.com/ancx/food-drink/features/10/03/21/how-nora-daza-won-over-the-french-with-taba-ng-talangka}} # {{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|via=[[PressReader]]}} # {{Cite news|last=Salcedo|first=Margaux|author-link=Margaux Salcedo|date=December 29, 2019|title=The original food influencer's memory lives on|url=https://business.inquirer.net/286279/the-original-food-influencers-memory-lives-on|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]}} # {{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Michaela|date=April 27, 2020|title=A look back at culinary icon Nora Daza through the eyes of her editor (and goddaughter)|work=[[Metro Channel]]|url=https://metro.style/food/features/nora-daza-culinary-icon/24736}} # {{Cite news|last=Cruz|first=Vida|date=September 13, 2013|title=Philippine culinary legend Nora Daza passes away|work=[[GMA News and Public Affairs]]|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/food/326321/philippine-culinary-legend-nora-daza-passes-away/story/}} # {{Cite book|title=The Philippines who's who|last1=Soriano|first1=D.H.|last2=Retizos|first2=Isidro|publisher=Who's Who Publishers|year=1981|edition=2nd|location=Metro Manila|pages=126}} # {{Cite news|last=Salcedo|first=Margaux|author-link=Margaux Salcedo|date=July 19, 2012|title=Nora Daza: The Philippines' first culinary ambassador|url=https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/58025/nora-daza-the-philippines%E2%80%99-first-culinary-ambassador/|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]}} # {{cite news|title=Culinary icon Nora Daza passes away|url=http://ph.she.yahoo.com/culinary-icon-nora-daza-passes-away-025509771.html|work=[[Yahoo! Philippines]]|date=September 13, 2013|accessdate=2013-09-13|archive-date=2013-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915213938/http://ph.she.yahoo.com/culinary-icon-nora-daza-passes-away-025509771.html|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915213938/http://ph.she.yahoo.com/culinary-icon-nora-daza-passes-away-025509771.html|archivedate=2013-09-15}} # {{Cite book|title=Savoring Gotham: A Food Lover's Companion to New York City|last1=Smith|first1=Andrew F.|last2=Orquiza|first2=René Alexander|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=2015|isbn=978-0190263638|location=New York|pages=207–208}} # {{Cite news|last=Mishan|first=Ligaya|date=March 12, 2018|title=Filipino Food Finds a Place in the American Mainstream|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/12/dining/filipino-cooking.html}} # {{Cite news|last=Afinidad|first=Deni Rose M.|date=March 2, 2011|title=Nora Daza: Dinner with an icon|work=[[Daily Tribune (Philippines)|Daily Tribune]]}} # {{Cite journal|date=May 4, 1950|title=Beldad Universitaria que se Casara|url=https://repository.mainlib.upd.edu.ph/resource_details.php?id=46681|journal=Semana Revista Ilustrada Hispano-Filipina|language=Spanish|volume=III|issue=72|pages=8|via=Open Access Repository@UPD}} # '''Nora Guanzon Villanueva-Daza''' (Disiembre 2, 1928 – Setyembre 13, 2013), na mas kilala bilang '''Chef Nora Daza''', sarong Pilipinhon na batid na gourmet chef, tag-iya nin restoran, lider sa sosyo-sibil, tagapamugos sa telebisyon, <ref>{{cite news|title=A TASTEFUL EXCHANGE|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26%2C+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525092233/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26,+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 25, 2011|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=January 26, 1989|accessdate=2008-11-04|first=Minnie|last=Bernardino|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525092233/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26,+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|archivedate=May 25, 2011}}</ref> asin man may-ari nin mga librong pampanlutuon na mabenta nin marhay.<ref>{{cite news|title=Grilling Nora Daza|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1203852831.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022050713/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1203852831.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 22, 2012|work=Filipinas|date=July 1, 2006|accessdate=2008-11-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022050713/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1203852831.html|archivedate=October 22, 2012}}</ref> Si Daza tinuturing bilang pangunang culinary icon kan Pilipinas, asin kilala man bilang "Julia Child kan Pilipinas" asin pangunang "culinary ambassador" kan bansa.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Baga-Reyes|first=Vangie|date=September 14, 2013|title=Nora Daza, icon of cooking; 84|newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer|url=https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/125469/nora-daza-icon-of-cooking-84/}}</ref> == Amay na buhay == Si Daza ipinanganak sa Batangas, sa pamilya ni Alejandro Jose Villanueva, sarong civil engineer hale sa Batangas City, asin sa saiyang asawa na hi Encarnacion Guanzon, na anak ni Olympio Guanzon, kan dating Gobernador kan Pampanga. An saiyang nanay, hi Guanzon, dai nag-uripon magluto, pero pinursigi ni Daza an saiyang nanay na magkolekta nin mga resipi para saiya haloy pa sa batan-on. Sa edad na 8 taon, nagsimulang magluto si Daza nin mga pancake para sa saiyang pamilya, mga kapitbahay, asin mga kaibanan kan saiyang mga kagurangnan.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref> == Edukasyon == Pagka 1952, nagtapos si Daza sa '''University of the Philippines''' [alin?] na may '''Bachelor's degree sa Home Economics'''.<ref name=":0"/> Nag-adal siya man nin Filipino na pagluluto asin catering habang nagtatrabaho sa cafeteria kan University of the Philippines.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Mickey|date=March 10, 2011|title=Nora Daza, Pinoy cooking pioneer, gets her due|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]|url=|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> Ngunian, nagtukaw siya sa '''United States''' para mag-adal sa '''Cornell University''' sa Ithaca, New York, para sa '''Master of Science sa Restaurant asin Institutional Management'''. Sa Cornell, naging miembro siya kan '''Phi Kappa Phi honor society''', asin sakop siya kan top 10 sa saiyang klase.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news|last=Daza-Puyat|first=Nina|date=October 3, 2021|title=How Nora Daza won over the French with calderetta, taba ng talangka and capiz chandeliers|work=[[ABS-CBN News Channel]]|url=https://www.abs-cbn.com/ancx/food-drink/features/10/03/21/how-nora-daza-won-over-the-french-with-taba-ng-talangka}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> Nag-adal pa si Daza nin '''French cuisine''' sa Paris, sa ilalim kan pagtutok ki '''Simone Beck''' asin '''Louisette Bertholle'''.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news|last=Daza-Puyat|first=Nina|date=October 3, 2021|title=How Nora Daza won over the French with calderetta, taba ng talangka and capiz chandeliers|work=[[ABS-CBN News Channel]]|url=https://www.abs-cbn.com/ancx/food-drink/features/10/03/21/how-nora-daza-won-over-the-french-with-taba-ng-talangka}}</ref> Si Beck asin Bertholle mga ka-autor kan librong '''Mastering the Art of French Cooking''' ni Julia Child, na nagpasigurado pa na kilala si Daza bilang "'''Julia Child kan Pilipinas'''."<ref name=":0" /> Habang nag-iistambay sa Paris, nagmamaneho si Daza nin '''Austin Mini'''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> == Karera == Si Daza an pirming '''tri-media star''' kan dekada 60 asin 70s sa Pilipinas, sa saiyang mga librong pampanlutuon na mabenta nin marhay; mga TV cooking shows na '''At Home with Nora''', '''Bahala si Mommy''', asin '''Cooking It Up with Nora'''; mga radio shows na '''At Home with Nora''' asin '''At Home with the Stars'''; asin mga kolum sa '''Women's Magazine''', '''The Manila Chronicle''', asin '''The Philippine Daily Inquirer'''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Michaela|date=April 27, 2020|title=A look back at culinary icon Nora Daza through the eyes of her editor (and goddaughter)|work=[[Metro Channel]]|url=https://metro.style/food/features/nora-daza-culinary-icon/24736}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Cruz|first=Vida|date=September 13, 2013|title=Philippine culinary legend Nora Daza passes away|work=[[GMA News and Public Affairs]]|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/food/326321/philippine-culinary-legend-nora-daza-passes-away/story/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> An saiyang pagluluto ipinapakita an iba-ibang kasaysayan asin etnikong kultura kan Pilipinas, pati na an saiyang edukasyon sa Amerika asin pagsasanay sa France, sa paggamit nin mga lutuing Pilipinhon, Tsino, "Chinoy", Kastila, Amerikano, asin Italiano.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Daza-Puyat|first=Nina|date=October 3, 2021|title=How Nora Daza won over the French with calderetta, taba ng talangka and capiz chandeliers|work=[[ABS-CBN News Channel]]|url=https://www.abs-cbn.com/ancx/food-drink/features/10/03/21/how-nora-daza-won-over-the-french-with-taba-ng-talangka}}</ref> Si Daza nagin '''hurado''' sa mga cooking contest na ginibo kan '''Manila Gas Corporation''' hale 1957 hasta 1960. Siya nag-host nin mga '''television cooking shows''' na '''At Home with Nora''' asin '''Cooking It Up with Nora''', na nakakua nin dakulang pagkamahal asin dami nin manonood sa mas marhay na mga taon. Siya naitalaga bilang '''Director kan Manila Gas Cooking School''' kun sain pinili, binag-o, sinuri, asin sinubok sa kusina an sobra lima-sangrangguhong resipi para sa mga humaloy na tulo ribu na estudyante na nag-enrol sa sagkod kan upat na taon.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Michaela|date=April 27, 2020|title=A look back at culinary icon Nora Daza through the eyes of her editor (and goddaughter)|work=[[Metro Channel]]|url=https://metro.style/food/features/nora-daza-culinary-icon/24736}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> Pagka 1965, nagbukas si Daza nin '''Au Bon Vivant (The Good Life)''' sa Ermita. An '''Au Bon Vivant''' tinuturing na pirming restoran sa Manila na nagtao nin '''tunay na French cuisine'''. Nagbukas man siya nin Pilipinhon na restoran sa Manila na pinangaranan '''Galing Galing''', na nagtao nin mga pagkaon na komportable para sa mga Pilipino, pareho kan '''kare-kare'''. Maski man, nasunog an '''Galing Galing''', asin sakop kaini an koleksyon ni Daza nin mga librong resipi. Pagka 1974, pinahaba ni Daza an saiyang negosyo sa Pilipinas asin nagbukas nin Au Bon Vivant sa '''Makati''', sa sentro kan negosyo kan NCR.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref><ref name=":7"/><ref>{{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Michaela|date=April 27, 2020|title=A look back at culinary icon Nora Daza through the eyes of her editor (and goddaughter)|work=[[Metro Channel]]|url=https://metro.style/food/features/nora-daza-culinary-icon/24736}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Krich|first=John|date=September 22, 2000|title=Filipino Cuisine Is in the Shadows Because of Lack of Glamour Image|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB96955536683442726}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Mickey|date=March 10, 2011|title=Nora Daza, Pinoy cooking pioneer, gets her due|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]|url=|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> Pagka 1972, nagbukas siya nin '''Aux Iles Philippines (The Philippine Islands)''', an pirming Pilipinhon na restoran sa Paris. Si Daza nagtao kan saiyang panggad na anak, hi Gabriel "Bong" Daza, na 22 anyos pa kaniadtong taon, an bug-os na responsabilidad kan '''Aux Iles Philippines'''. An '''Aux Iles Philippines''' nakakuha nin '''tulo na tinidor''' sa Michelin Guide, tinukdo bilang '''outstanding na restoran''' kan Gault-Millau restaurant guide, asin nakarawat nin pasidungog hale sa '''Le Monde''' asin '''International Herald Tribune'''. An Pranses na aktres na si '''Brigitte Bardot''' asin an Pranses na pilosopo na si '''Simone de Beauvoir''' sarong kilalang pirme nagbabaga sa restoran.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Krich|first=John|date=September 22, 2000|title=Filipino Cuisine Is in the Shadows Because of Lack of Glamour Image|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB96955536683442726}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Krich|first=John|date=September 22, 2000|title=Filipino Cuisine Is in the Shadows Because of Lack of Glamour Image|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB96955536683442726}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Salcedo|first=Margaux|author-link=Margaux Salcedo|date=December 29, 2019|title=The original food influencer's memory lives on|url=https://business.inquirer.net/286279/the-original-food-influencers-memory-lives-on|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> Pagka 1975, pinakiusapan siya kan Gobyerno ni '''Marcos''' na magbukas asin magpadalagan kan '''Maharlika''' sa ibaba na andana kan '''Philippine Center''', sa Manhattan, New York. An '''Maharlika''' an pirming Pilipinhon na '''fine-dining restaurant''' sa New York asin pinangaranan hale sa '''pre-kolonyal na Pilipinhon na Maharlika''', sarong klase kan mga freemen na mandirigma.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Baga-Reyes|first=Vangie|date=September 14, 2013|title=Nora Daza, icon of cooking; 84|newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer|url=https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/125469/nora-daza-icon-of-cooking-84/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Savoring Gotham: A Food Lover's Companion to New York City|last1=Smith|first1=Andrew F.|last2=Orquiza|first2=René Alexander|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=2015|isbn=978-0190263638|location=New York|pages=207–208}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Mishan|first=Ligaya|date=March 12, 2018|title=Filipino Food Finds a Place in the American Mainstream|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/12/dining/filipino-cooking.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Krich|first=John|date=September 22, 2000|title=Filipino Cuisine Is in the Shadows Because of Lack of Glamour Image|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB96955536683442726}}</ref><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":0" /> Hi '''Myra Waldo''', autor kan '''Restaurant Guide to New York City and Vicinity''', asin kan panahon na food asin travel editor kan '''WCBS (AM) radio''', nagsabi na an '''Maharlika''' sarong sa mga '''top restaurants''' sa syudad.<ref name=":0" /> An pagpasimuno ni Daza kan '''haute Filipino cuisine''' sa New York asin Paris, asin an pagdadara nin Parisian cuisine sa Manila, nagtao inspirasyon sa iba na tukdoan siya bilang "'''pangunang culinary ambassador kan Pilipinas'''."<ref>{{Cite news|last=Krich|first=John|date=September 22, 2000|title=Filipino Cuisine Is in the Shadows Because of Lack of Glamour Image|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB96955536683442726}}</ref> Sa dekada 60 asin 70s, pinapadara ni Daza an iba sa mga top na chefs kan bilog na kinaban sa Pilipinas, kaibahan kaini sinda '''Paul Bocuse''' asin '''Gaston LeNôtre'''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Daza-Puyat|first=Nina|date=October 3, 2021|title=How Nora Daza won over the French with calderetta, taba ng talangka and capiz chandeliers|work=[[ABS-CBN News Channel]]|url=https://www.abs-cbn.com/ancx/food-drink/features/10/03/21/how-nora-daza-won-over-the-french-with-taba-ng-talangka}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Salcedo|first=Margaux|author-link=Margaux Salcedo|date=December 29, 2019|title=The original food influencer's memory lives on|url=https://business.inquirer.net/286279/the-original-food-influencers-memory-lives-on|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]}}</ref> Si Daza naeleksyon bilang '''bise-presidente''' kan '''Philippine Association of Nutrition''', '''sekretaryo''' kan '''Hotel and Restaurant Association of the Philippines''', '''adviser-admiral''' kan '''Homemakers Club''', '''direktor''' kan '''Hotel and Tourist Industries of the Philippines''', asin '''presidente''' kan '''Philippine Home Economists in Business'''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Mickey|date=March 10, 2011|title=Nora Daza, Pinoy cooking pioneer, gets her due|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]|url=|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Afinidad|first=Deni Rose M.|date=March 2, 2011|title=Nora Daza: Dinner with an icon|work=[[Daily Tribune (Philippines)|Daily Tribune]]}}</ref> Pagka 1992, an kaibahan ni Daza hale sa U.P. na bise-presidente, hi '''Salvador "Doy" Laurel''', pinakiusapan siya na magkandidato sa '''Senado kan Pilipinas''' sa sakop kan '''Nacionalista Party'''. Nagkandidato siya sa plataporma na "'''Tamang Nutrisyon para sa Katawhan'''," pero dai siya nagdaog sa eleksyon.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Cruz|first=Vida|date=September 13, 2013|title=Philippine culinary legend Nora Daza passes away|work=[[GMA News and Public Affairs]]|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/food/326321/philippine-culinary-legend-nora-daza-passes-away/story/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Afinidad|first=Deni Rose M.|date=March 2, 2011|title=Nora Daza: Dinner with an icon|work=[[Daily Tribune (Philippines)|Daily Tribune]]}}</ref> == Pribadong buhay == An anak ni Daza, hi '''Sandy Daza''', sarong chef asin tag-iya nin restoran na espesyalista sa '''Pilipinhon asin Thai na mga lutuon'''. Siya nag-host nin mga television cooking shows asin nagsurat nin mga libro asin artikulo manungod sa pagluluto asin pagbake. An saiyang saiyang anak, hi '''Bong Daza''', sarong food entrepreneur na espesyalista sa '''processed meats asin isda'''. Siya an dai na magkakaurugang asawa ni '''Gloria Diaz''', an nagdaog kan '''Miss Universe 1969'''. Nagkandidato siya bilang '''bise-mayor kan Makati''' noong 1998 pero dai siya nagdaog sa eleksyon. An saiyang apo, hi '''Isabelle Daza''', sarong TV host man. An saiyang apo na lalaki, hi '''Turs''', sarong TV host man asin VJ sa '''MYX Channel.''' == Personal na buhay == Minasawa siya kan '''Gabriel "Boy" Daza, Jr.''', na nakilala niya sa universidad.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|date=May 4, 1950|title=Beldad Universitaria que se Casara|url=https://repository.mainlib.upd.edu.ph/resource_details.php?id=46681|journal=Semana Revista Ilustrada Hispano-Filipina|language=Spanish|volume=III|issue=72|pages=8|via=Open Access Repository@UPD}}</ref> Namuray siya na may mga anak na sinda '''Gabriel "Bong" Daza III''', '''Alejandro "Sandy" Daza''', food columnist kan '''Inquirer Lifestyle''', '''Mariles Daza-Enriquez''', '''Stella Daza-Belda''', asin '''Nina Daza-Puyat'''; asin may mga apo na sinda '''Arturo "Turs" Daza''', '''Ali Daza''', '''Joseph Puyat''', '''Gio Puyat''', '''Billie Puyat''', '''Mario Puyat''', '''Bolo Belda''', '''Franco Daza''', '''Bettina Belda''', '''Toby Belda''', '''Danielle Daza''', '''Isabelle Daza''', '''Ava Daza''', '''Raphael Daza''', '''Eduardo Taylor''', asin '''Rodrigo Enriquez'''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Baga-Reyes|first=Vangie|date=September 14, 2013|title=Nora Daza, icon of cooking; 84|newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer|url=https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/125469/nora-daza-icon-of-cooking-84/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref> == Kagadanan == Namaray si Daza noong '''Setyembre 13, 2013''', habang natuturog dahil sa '''atake sa puso'''. Siya 84 anyos. An katawan ni Daza nakalagay sa '''Loyola Memorial Chapel''' sa '''Commonwealth Avenue, Quezon City''' antes ini kinremar.<ref>{{cite news|title=Culinary icon Nora Daza passes away|url=http://ph.she.yahoo.com/culinary-icon-nora-daza-passes-away-025509771.html|work=[[Yahoo! Philippines]]|date=September 13, 2013|accessdate=2013-09-13|archive-date=2013-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915213938/http://ph.she.yahoo.com/culinary-icon-nora-daza-passes-away-025509771.html|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915213938/http://ph.she.yahoo.com/culinary-icon-nora-daza-passes-away-025509771.html|archivedate=2013-09-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Cruz|first=Vida|date=September 13, 2013|title=Philippine culinary legend Nora Daza passes away|work=[[GMA News and Public Affairs]]|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/food/326321/philippine-culinary-legend-nora-daza-passes-away/story/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Baga-Reyes|first=Vangie|date=September 14, 2013|title=Nora Daza, icon of cooking; 84|newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer|url=https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/125469/nora-daza-icon-of-cooking-84/}}</ref> {{Pangarang Pilipino|Guanzon|Villanueva|Daza|ph=married}} {| class="wikitable" |+ ! colspan="2" |Nora Daza |- |'''Ipinanganak''' |Nora Guanzon Villanueva Disyembre 2, 1928 Batangas, Philippine Islands |- |'''Namatay''' |Setyembre 13, 2013 (edad 84) Manila, Pilipinas |- |'''Lugar nin Pahingahan''' |Loyola Memorial, Quezon City |- |'''Alma mater''' | University of the Philippines, Cornell University |- |'''Propesyon''' |Chef, restaurateur, TV host |- |'''Taon kan Pagaktibo''' |1948–1958 Pahingalay: 1958–1992 1992–2004 |- |'''Kilalado para sa''' |Filipino Cookbooks, Filipino Fine Dining |- |'''Partido Politikal''' |Nacionalista (1992) |- |'''Asawa''' |Gabriel Daza, Jr. (namatay na) |- |'''Mga Anak''' |Gabriel "Bong" Daza III Alejandro "Sandy" Daza Mariles Daza-Enriquez Stella Daza-Belda Nina Daza-Puyat |- |'''Mga Magurang''' |Alejandro Jose Villanueva (amô) Encarnacion Guanzon (ina) |- |'''Mga Parientes''' |Isabelle Daza (apu na babaye) |} # {{cite news|title=A TASTEFUL EXCHANGE|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26%2C+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525092233/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26,+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 25, 2011|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=January 26, 1989|accessdate=2008-11-04|first=Minnie|last=Bernardino|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525092233/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26,+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|archivedate=May 25, 2011}} # {{cite news|title=Grilling Nora Daza|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1203852831.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022050713/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1203852831.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 22, 2012|work=Filipinas|date=July 1, 2006|accessdate=2008-11-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022050713/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1203852831.html|archivedate=October 22, 2012}} # {{Cite news|last=Baga-Reyes|first=Vangie|date=September 14, 2013|title=Nora Daza, icon of cooking; 84|newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer|url=https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/125469/nora-daza-icon-of-cooking-84/}} # {{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}} # {{Cite web|date=April 30, 2014|title=Nora V. Daza — The Great Culinary Icon|url=https://themayakitchen.com/nora-v-daza-the-great-culinary-icon/|website=The Maya Kitchen Culinary Arts Center}} # {{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Mickey|date=March 10, 2011|title=Nora Daza, Pinoy cooking pioneer, gets her due|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]|url=|via=[[PressReader]]}} # {{Cite news|last=Daza-Puyat|first=Nina|date=October 3, 2021|title=How Nora Daza won over the French with calderetta, taba ng talangka and capiz chandeliers|work=[[ABS-CBN News Channel]]|url=https://www.abs-cbn.com/ancx/food-drink/features/10/03/21/how-nora-daza-won-over-the-french-with-taba-ng-talangka}} # {{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|via=[[PressReader]]}} # {{Cite news|last=Salcedo|first=Margaux|author-link=Margaux Salcedo|date=December 29, 2019|title=The original food influencer's memory lives on|url=https://business.inquirer.net/286279/the-original-food-influencers-memory-lives-on|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]}} # {{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Michaela|date=April 27, 2020|title=A look back at culinary icon Nora Daza through the eyes of her editor (and goddaughter)|work=[[Metro Channel]]|url=https://metro.style/food/features/nora-daza-culinary-icon/24736}} # {{Cite news|last=Cruz|first=Vida|date=September 13, 2013|title=Philippine culinary legend Nora Daza passes away|work=[[GMA News and Public Affairs]]|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/food/326321/philippine-culinary-legend-nora-daza-passes-away/story/}} # {{Cite book|title=The Philippines who's who|last1=Soriano|first1=D.H.|last2=Retizos|first2=Isidro|publisher=Who's Who Publishers|year=1981|edition=2nd|location=Metro Manila|pages=126}} # {{Cite news|last=Salcedo|first=Margaux|author-link=Margaux Salcedo|date=July 19, 2012|title=Nora Daza: The Philippines' first culinary ambassador|url=https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/58025/nora-daza-the-philippines%E2%80%99-first-culinary-ambassador/|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]}} # {{cite news|title=Culinary icon Nora Daza passes away|url=http://ph.she.yahoo.com/culinary-icon-nora-daza-passes-away-025509771.html|work=[[Yahoo! Philippines]]|date=September 13, 2013|accessdate=2013-09-13|archive-date=2013-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915213938/http://ph.she.yahoo.com/culinary-icon-nora-daza-passes-away-025509771.html|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915213938/http://ph.she.yahoo.com/culinary-icon-nora-daza-passes-away-025509771.html|archivedate=2013-09-15}} # {{Cite book|title=Savoring Gotham: A Food Lover's Companion to New York City|last1=Smith|first1=Andrew F.|last2=Orquiza|first2=René Alexander|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=2015|isbn=978-0190263638|location=New York|pages=207–208}} # {{Cite news|last=Mishan|first=Ligaya|date=March 12, 2018|title=Filipino Food Finds a Place in the American Mainstream|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/12/dining/filipino-cooking.html}} # {{Cite news|last=Afinidad|first=Deni Rose M.|date=March 2, 2011|title=Nora Daza: Dinner with an icon|work=[[Daily Tribune (Philippines)|Daily Tribune]]}} # {{Cite journal|date=May 4, 1950|title=Beldad Universitaria que se Casara|url=https://repository.mainlib.upd.edu.ph/resource_details.php?id=46681|journal=Semana Revista Ilustrada Hispano-Filipina|language=Spanish|volume=III|issue=72|pages=8|via=Open Access Repository@UPD}} # '''Nora Guanzon Villanueva-Daza''' (Disiembre 2, 1928 – Setyembre 13, 2013), na mas kilala bilang '''Chef Nora Daza''', sarong Pilipinhon na batid na gourmet chef, tag-iya nin restoran, lider sa sosyo-sibil, tagapamugos sa telebisyon, <ref>{{cite news|title=A TASTEFUL EXCHANGE|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26%2C+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525092233/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26,+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 25, 2011|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=January 26, 1989|accessdate=2008-11-04|first=Minnie|last=Bernardino|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525092233/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26,+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|archivedate=May 25, 2011}}</ref> asin man may-ari nin mga librong pampanlutuon na mabenta nin marhay.<ref>{{cite news|title=Grilling Nora Daza|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1203852831.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022050713/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1203852831.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 22, 2012|work=Filipinas|date=July 1, 2006|accessdate=2008-11-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022050713/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1203852831.html|archivedate=October 22, 2012}}</ref> Si Daza tinuturing bilang pangunang culinary icon kan Pilipinas, asin kilala man bilang "Julia Child kan Pilipinas" asin pangunang "culinary ambassador" kan bansa.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Baga-Reyes|first=Vangie|date=September 14, 2013|title=Nora Daza, icon of cooking; 84|newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer|url=https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/125469/nora-daza-icon-of-cooking-84/}}</ref> == Amay na buhay == Si Daza ipinanganak sa Batangas, sa pamilya ni Alejandro Jose Villanueva, sarong civil engineer hale sa Batangas City, asin sa saiyang asawa na hi Encarnacion Guanzon, na anak ni Olympio Guanzon, kan dating Gobernador kan Pampanga. An saiyang nanay, hi Guanzon, dai nag-uripon magluto, pero pinursigi ni Daza an saiyang nanay na magkolekta nin mga resipi para saiya haloy pa sa batan-on. Sa edad na 8 taon, nagsimulang magluto si Daza nin mga pancake para sa saiyang pamilya, mga kapitbahay, asin mga kaibanan kan saiyang mga kagurangnan.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref> == Edukasyon == Pagka 1952, nagtapos si Daza sa '''University of the Philippines''' [alin?] na may '''Bachelor's degree sa Home Economics'''.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=April 30, 2014|title=Nora V. Daza — The Great Culinary Icon|url=https://themayakitchen.com/nora-v-daza-the-great-culinary-icon/|website=The Maya Kitchen Culinary Arts Center}}</ref> Nag-adal siya man nin Filipino na pagluluto asin catering habang nagtatrabaho sa cafeteria kan University of the Philippines.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Mickey|date=March 10, 2011|title=Nora Daza, Pinoy cooking pioneer, gets her due|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]|url=|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> Ngunian, nagtukaw siya sa '''United States''' para mag-adal sa '''Cornell University''' sa Ithaca, New York, para sa '''Master of Science sa Restaurant asin Institutional Management'''. Sa Cornell, naging miembro siya kan '''Phi Kappa Phi honor society''', asin sakop siya kan top 10 sa saiyang klase.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news|last=Daza-Puyat|first=Nina|date=October 3, 2021|title=How Nora Daza won over the French with calderetta, taba ng talangka and capiz chandeliers|work=[[ABS-CBN News Channel]]|url=https://www.abs-cbn.com/ancx/food-drink/features/10/03/21/how-nora-daza-won-over-the-french-with-taba-ng-talangka}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> Nag-adal pa si Daza nin '''French cuisine''' sa Paris, sa ilalim kan pagtutok ki '''Simone Beck''' asin '''Louisette Bertholle'''.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news|last=Daza-Puyat|first=Nina|date=October 3, 2021|title=How Nora Daza won over the French with calderetta, taba ng talangka and capiz chandeliers|work=[[ABS-CBN News Channel]]|url=https://www.abs-cbn.com/ancx/food-drink/features/10/03/21/how-nora-daza-won-over-the-french-with-taba-ng-talangka}}</ref> Si Beck asin Bertholle mga ka-autor kan librong '''Mastering the Art of French Cooking''' ni Julia Child, na nagpasigurado pa na kilala si Daza bilang "'''Julia Child kan Pilipinas'''."<ref name=":0" /> Habang nag-iistambay sa Paris, nagmamaneho si Daza nin '''Austin Mini'''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> == Karera == Si Daza an pirming '''tri-media star''' kan dekada 60 asin 70s sa Pilipinas, sa saiyang mga librong pampanlutuon na mabenta nin marhay; mga TV cooking shows na '''At Home with Nora''', '''Bahala si Mommy''', asin '''Cooking It Up with Nora'''; mga radio shows na '''At Home with Nora''' asin '''At Home with the Stars'''; asin mga kolum sa '''Women's Magazine''', '''The Manila Chronicle''', asin '''The Philippine Daily Inquirer'''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Michaela|date=April 27, 2020|title=A look back at culinary icon Nora Daza through the eyes of her editor (and goddaughter)|work=[[Metro Channel]]|url=https://metro.style/food/features/nora-daza-culinary-icon/24736}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Cruz|first=Vida|date=September 13, 2013|title=Philippine culinary legend Nora Daza passes away|work=[[GMA News and Public Affairs]]|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/food/326321/philippine-culinary-legend-nora-daza-passes-away/story/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> An saiyang pagluluto ipinapakita an iba-ibang kasaysayan asin etnikong kultura kan Pilipinas, pati na an saiyang edukasyon sa Amerika asin pagsasanay sa France, sa paggamit nin mga lutuing Pilipinhon, Tsino, "Chinoy", Kastila, Amerikano, asin Italiano.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Daza-Puyat|first=Nina|date=October 3, 2021|title=How Nora Daza won over the French with calderetta, taba ng talangka and capiz chandeliers|work=[[ABS-CBN News Channel]]|url=https://www.abs-cbn.com/ancx/food-drink/features/10/03/21/how-nora-daza-won-over-the-french-with-taba-ng-talangka}}</ref> Si Daza nagin '''hurado''' sa mga cooking contest na ginibo kan '''Manila Gas Corporation''' hale 1957 hasta 1960. Siya nag-host nin mga '''television cooking shows''' na '''At Home with Nora''' asin '''Cooking It Up with Nora''', na nakakua nin dakulang pagkamahal asin dami nin manonood sa mas marhay na mga taon. Siya naitalaga bilang '''Director kan Manila Gas Cooking School''' kun sain pinili, binag-o, sinuri, asin sinubok sa kusina an sobra lima-sangrangguhong resipi para sa mga humaloy na tulo ribu na estudyante na nag-enrol sa sagkod kan upat na taon.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Michaela|date=April 27, 2020|title=A look back at culinary icon Nora Daza through the eyes of her editor (and goddaughter)|work=[[Metro Channel]]|url=https://metro.style/food/features/nora-daza-culinary-icon/24736}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> Pagka 1965, nagbukas si Daza nin '''Au Bon Vivant (The Good Life)''' sa Ermita. An '''Au Bon Vivant''' tinuturing na pirming restoran sa Manila na nagtao nin '''tunay na French cuisine'''. Nagbukas man siya nin Pilipinhon na restoran sa Manila na pinangaranan '''Galing Galing''', na nagtao nin mga pagkaon na komportable para sa mga Pilipino, pareho kan '''kare-kare'''. Maski man, nasunog an '''Galing Galing''', asin sakop kaini an koleksyon ni Daza nin mga librong resipi. Pagka 1974, pinahaba ni Daza an saiyang negosyo sa Pilipinas asin nagbukas nin Au Bon Vivant sa '''Makati''', sa sentro kan negosyo kan NCR.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Michaela|date=April 27, 2020|title=A look back at culinary icon Nora Daza through the eyes of her editor (and goddaughter)|work=[[Metro Channel]]|url=https://metro.style/food/features/nora-daza-culinary-icon/24736}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Krich|first=John|date=September 22, 2000|title=Filipino Cuisine Is in the Shadows Because of Lack of Glamour Image|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB96955536683442726}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Mickey|date=March 10, 2011|title=Nora Daza, Pinoy cooking pioneer, gets her due|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]|url=|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> Pagka 1972, nagbukas siya nin '''Aux Iles Philippines (The Philippine Islands)''', an pirming Pilipinhon na restoran sa Paris. Si Daza nagtao kan saiyang panggad na anak, hi Gabriel "Bong" Daza, na 22 anyos pa kaniadtong taon, an bug-os na responsabilidad kan '''Aux Iles Philippines'''. An '''Aux Iles Philippines''' nakakuha nin '''tulo na tinidor''' sa Michelin Guide, tinukdo bilang '''outstanding na restoran''' kan Gault-Millau restaurant guide, asin nakarawat nin pasidungog hale sa '''Le Monde''' asin '''International Herald Tribune'''. An Pranses na aktres na si '''Brigitte Bardot''' asin an Pranses na pilosopo na si '''Simone de Beauvoir''' sarong kilalang pirme nagbabaga sa restoran.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Krich|first=John|date=September 22, 2000|title=Filipino Cuisine Is in the Shadows Because of Lack of Glamour Image|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB96955536683442726}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Krich|first=John|date=September 22, 2000|title=Filipino Cuisine Is in the Shadows Because of Lack of Glamour Image|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB96955536683442726}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Salcedo|first=Margaux|author-link=Margaux Salcedo|date=December 29, 2019|title=The original food influencer's memory lives on|url=https://business.inquirer.net/286279/the-original-food-influencers-memory-lives-on|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jarque|first=Edu|date=December 16, 2012|title=Why Nora Daza is still in love with Paris|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> Pagka 1975, pinakiusapan siya kan Gobyerno ni '''Marcos''' na magbukas asin magpadalagan kan '''Maharlika''' sa ibaba na andana kan '''Philippine Center''', sa Manhattan, New York. An '''Maharlika''' an pirming Pilipinhon na '''fine-dining restaurant''' sa New York asin pinangaranan hale sa '''pre-kolonyal na Pilipinhon na Maharlika''', sarong klase kan mga freemen na mandirigma.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Baga-Reyes|first=Vangie|date=September 14, 2013|title=Nora Daza, icon of cooking; 84|newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer|url=https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/125469/nora-daza-icon-of-cooking-84/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Savoring Gotham: A Food Lover's Companion to New York City|last1=Smith|first1=Andrew F.|last2=Orquiza|first2=René Alexander|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=2015|isbn=978-0190263638|location=New York|pages=207–208}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Mishan|first=Ligaya|date=March 12, 2018|title=Filipino Food Finds a Place in the American Mainstream|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/12/dining/filipino-cooking.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Krich|first=John|date=September 22, 2000|title=Filipino Cuisine Is in the Shadows Because of Lack of Glamour Image|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB96955536683442726}}</ref><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":0" /> Hi '''Myra Waldo''', autor kan '''Restaurant Guide to New York City and Vicinity''', asin kan panahon na food asin travel editor kan '''WCBS (AM) radio''', nagsabi na an '''Maharlika''' sarong sa mga '''top restaurants''' sa syudad.<ref name=":0" /> An pagpasimuno ni Daza kan '''haute Filipino cuisine''' sa New York asin Paris, asin an pagdadara nin Parisian cuisine sa Manila, nagtao inspirasyon sa iba na tukdoan siya bilang "'''pangunang culinary ambassador kan Pilipinas'''."<ref>{{Cite news|last=Krich|first=John|date=September 22, 2000|title=Filipino Cuisine Is in the Shadows Because of Lack of Glamour Image|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB96955536683442726}}</ref> Sa dekada 60 asin 70s, pinapadara ni Daza an iba sa mga top na chefs kan bilog na kinaban sa Pilipinas, kaibahan kaini sinda '''Paul Bocuse''' asin '''Gaston LeNôtre'''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Daza-Puyat|first=Nina|date=October 3, 2021|title=How Nora Daza won over the French with calderetta, taba ng talangka and capiz chandeliers|work=[[ABS-CBN News Channel]]|url=https://www.abs-cbn.com/ancx/food-drink/features/10/03/21/how-nora-daza-won-over-the-french-with-taba-ng-talangka}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Salcedo|first=Margaux|author-link=Margaux Salcedo|date=December 29, 2019|title=The original food influencer's memory lives on|url=https://business.inquirer.net/286279/the-original-food-influencers-memory-lives-on|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]}}</ref> Si Daza naeleksyon bilang '''bise-presidente''' kan '''Philippine Association of Nutrition''', '''sekretaryo''' kan '''Hotel and Restaurant Association of the Philippines''', '''adviser-admiral''' kan '''Homemakers Club''', '''direktor''' kan '''Hotel and Tourist Industries of the Philippines''', asin '''presidente''' kan '''Philippine Home Economists in Business'''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Fenix|first=Mickey|date=March 10, 2011|title=Nora Daza, Pinoy cooking pioneer, gets her due|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]|url=|via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Afinidad|first=Deni Rose M.|date=March 2, 2011|title=Nora Daza: Dinner with an icon|work=[[Daily Tribune (Philippines)|Daily Tribune]]}}</ref> Pagka 1992, an kaibahan ni Daza hale sa U.P. na bise-presidente, hi '''Salvador "Doy" Laurel''', pinakiusapan siya na magkandidato sa '''Senado kan Pilipinas''' sa sakop kan '''Nacionalista Party'''. Nagkandidato siya sa plataporma na "'''Tamang Nutrisyon para sa Katawhan'''," pero dai siya nagdaog sa eleksyon.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Cruz|first=Vida|date=September 13, 2013|title=Philippine culinary legend Nora Daza passes away|work=[[GMA News and Public Affairs]]|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/food/326321/philippine-culinary-legend-nora-daza-passes-away/story/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Afinidad|first=Deni Rose M.|date=March 2, 2011|title=Nora Daza: Dinner with an icon|work=[[Daily Tribune (Philippines)|Daily Tribune]]}}</ref> == Pribadong buhay == An anak ni Daza, hi '''Sandy Daza''', sarong chef asin tag-iya nin restoran na espesyalista sa '''Pilipinhon asin Thai na mga lutuon'''. Siya nag-host nin mga television cooking shows asin nagsurat nin mga libro asin artikulo manungod sa pagluluto asin pagbake. An saiyang saiyang anak, hi '''Bong Daza''', sarong food entrepreneur na espesyalista sa '''processed meats asin isda'''. Siya an dai na magkakaurugang asawa ni '''Gloria Diaz''', an nagdaog kan '''Miss Universe 1969'''. Nagkandidato siya bilang '''bise-mayor kan Makati''' noong 1998 pero dai siya nagdaog sa eleksyon. An saiyang apo, hi '''Isabelle Daza''', sarong TV host man. An saiyang apo na lalaki, hi '''Turs''', sarong TV host man asin VJ sa '''MYX Channel.''' == Personal na buhay == Minasawa siya kan '''Gabriel "Boy" Daza, Jr.''', na nakilala niya sa universidad.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|date=May 4, 1950|title=Beldad Universitaria que se Casara|url=https://repository.mainlib.upd.edu.ph/resource_details.php?id=46681|journal=Semana Revista Ilustrada Hispano-Filipina|language=Spanish|volume=III|issue=72|pages=8|via=Open Access Repository@UPD}}</ref> Namuray siya na may mga anak na sinda '''Gabriel "Bong" Daza III''', '''Alejandro "Sandy" Daza''', food columnist kan '''Inquirer Lifestyle''', '''Mariles Daza-Enriquez''', '''Stella Daza-Belda''', asin '''Nina Daza-Puyat'''; asin may mga apo na sinda '''Arturo "Turs" Daza''', '''Ali Daza''', '''Joseph Puyat''', '''Gio Puyat''', '''Billie Puyat''', '''Mario Puyat''', '''Bolo Belda''', '''Franco Daza''', '''Bettina Belda''', '''Toby Belda''', '''Danielle Daza''', '''Isabelle Daza''', '''Ava Daza''', '''Raphael Daza''', '''Eduardo Taylor''', asin '''Rodrigo Enriquez'''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Baga-Reyes|first=Vangie|date=September 14, 2013|title=Nora Daza, icon of cooking; 84|newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer|url=https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/125469/nora-daza-icon-of-cooking-84/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Añonuevo|first=Noel A.|date=September 18, 2013|title=Remembering Nora Daza, 1929-2013|work=[[Positively Filipino]]|url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/remembering-nora-daza-1929-2013}}</ref> == Kagadanan == Nagtios si Daza kan Septyembre 13, 2013, mantang nagtuturog, dahil sa atake sa puso. Siya ay 84 anyos na kan siya magadan. An hawak ni Daza ibinantad sa Loyola Memorial Chapel sa Commonwealth Avenue, Quezon City, asin pagkatapos ay sinunog bilang parte kan proseso nin kremasyon.<ref>{{cite news|title=Culinary icon Nora Daza passes away|url=http://ph.she.yahoo.com/culinary-icon-nora-daza-passes-away-025509771.html|work=[[Yahoo! Philippines]]|date=September 13, 2013|accessdate=2013-09-13|archive-date=2013-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915213938/http://ph.she.yahoo.com/culinary-icon-nora-daza-passes-away-025509771.html|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915213938/http://ph.she.yahoo.com/culinary-icon-nora-daza-passes-away-025509771.html|archivedate=2013-09-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Culinary icon Nora Daza passes away|url=http://ph.she.yahoo.com/culinary-icon-nora-daza-passes-away-025509771.html|work=[[Yahoo! Philippines]]|date=September 13, 2013|accessdate=2013-09-13|archive-date=2013-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915213938/http://ph.she.yahoo.com/culinary-icon-nora-daza-passes-away-025509771.html|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915213938/http://ph.she.yahoo.com/culinary-icon-nora-daza-passes-away-025509771.html|archivedate=2013-09-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Baga-Reyes|first=Vangie|date=September 14, 2013|title=Nora Daza, icon of cooking; 84|newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer|url=https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/125469/nora-daza-icon-of-cooking-84/}}</ref> == Publikasyon == * '''Magluto Kita kay Nora.''' National Book Store, 1965. * '''Magluto Kita kay Nora. Pinag-araman na Edisyon.''' National Book Store, 1969. * '''Galing Galing Philippine Cuisine: Mga Pagkaon na Ginluluto sa Harong Pilipinhon.''' National Book Store Manila, 1974. * '''An Pinakamayor na Maya Cookfest.''' Asia Book Corp of America, 1981 * '''Nora V. Daza: Sarong Culinary na Biehó – Personal na Koleksyon kan Resipi kaibahan si Michaela Fenix.''' Anvil Publishing, 1992. * '''Festive na Pagkaon: Hi Nora V. Daza kaibahan an Pamilya asin Kaibanan.''' Anvil Publishing, 2011. == M<ref>{{cite news|title=A TASTEFUL EXCHANGE|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26%2C+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525092233/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26,+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 25, 2011|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=January 26, 1989|accessdate=2008-11-04|first=Minnie|last=Bernardino|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525092233/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26,+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|archivedate=May 25, 2011}}</ref>ga Reperensya == == Publikasyon == * '''Magluto Kita kay Nora.''' National Book Store, 1965. * '''Magluto Kita kay Nora. Pinag-araman na Edisyon.''' National Book Store, 1969. * '''Galing Galing Philippine Cuisine: Mga Pagkaon na Ginluluto sa Harong Pilipinhon.''' National Book Store Manila, 1974. * '''An Pinakamayor na Maya Cookfest.''' Asia Book Corp of America, 1981 * '''Nora V. Daza: Sarong Culinary na Biehó – Personal na Koleksyon kan Resipi kaibahan si Michaela Fenix.''' Anvil Publishing, 1992. * '''Festive na Pagkaon: Hi Nora V. Daza kaibahan an Pamilya asin Kaibanan.''' Anvil Publishing, 2011. == M<ref>{{cite news|title=A TASTEFUL EXCHANGE|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26%2C+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525092233/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26,+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 25, 2011|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=January 26, 1989|accessdate=2008-11-04|first=Minnie|last=Bernardino|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525092233/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26,+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|archivedate=May 25, 2011}}</ref>ga Reperensya == == Kagadanan == Namaray si Daza noong '''Setyembre 13, 2013''', habang natuturog dahil sa '''atake sa puso'''. Siya 84 anyos. An katawan ni Daza nakalagay sa '''Loyola Memorial Chapel''' sa '''Commonwealth Avenue, Quezon City''' antes ini kinremar.<ref>{{cite news|title=Culinary icon Nora Daza passes away|url=http://ph.she.yahoo.com/culinary-icon-nora-daza-passes-away-025509771.html|work=[[Yahoo! Philippines]]|date=September 13, 2013|accessdate=2013-09-13|archive-date=2013-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915213938/http://ph.she.yahoo.com/culinary-icon-nora-daza-passes-away-025509771.html|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915213938/http://ph.she.yahoo.com/culinary-icon-nora-daza-passes-away-025509771.html|archivedate=2013-09-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Cruz|first=Vida|date=September 13, 2013|title=Philippine culinary legend Nora Daza passes away|work=[[GMA News and Public Affairs]]|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/food/326321/philippine-culinary-legend-nora-daza-passes-away/story/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Baga-Reyes|first=Vangie|date=September 14, 2013|title=Nora Daza, icon of cooking; 84|newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer|url=https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/125469/nora-daza-icon-of-cooking-84/}}</ref> == Publikasyon == * '''Magluto Kita kay Nora.''' National Book Store, 1965. * '''Magluto Kita kay Nora. Pinag-araman na Edisyon.''' National Book Store, 1969. * '''Galing Galing Philippine Cuisine: Mga Pagkaon na Ginluluto sa Harong Pilipinhon.''' National Book Store Manila, 1974. * '''An Pinakamayor na Maya Cookfest.''' Asia Book Corp of America, 1981 * '''Nora V. Daza: Sarong Culinary na Biehó – Personal na Koleksyon kan Resipi kaibahan si Michaela Fenix.''' Anvil Publishing, 1992. * '''Festive na Pagkaon: Hi Nora V. Daza kaibahan an Pamilya asin Kaibanan.''' Anvil Publishing, 2011. == M<ref>{{cite news|title=A TASTEFUL EXCHANGE|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26%2C+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525092233/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26,+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 25, 2011|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=January 26, 1989|accessdate=2008-11-04|first=Minnie|last=Bernardino|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525092233/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/66391363.html?dids=66391363:66391363&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26,+1989&author=MINNIE+BERNARDINO&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+TASTEFUL+EXCHANGE&pqatl=google|archivedate=May 25, 2011}}</ref>ga Reperensya == == Kagadanan == == Publikasyon == * ''Magluto kita kaiba si Nora.'' National Book Store, 1965. * ''Magluto kita kaiba si Nora'' . Pinauswag na Edisyon. National Book Store, 1969. * ''Galing Galing Lutong Pilipinas: Pagkakan na Inandam sa mga Harong kan Pilipinas.'' National Book Store Manila, 1974. * ''An Pinakamarahay kan Maya Cookfest.'' Asia Book Corp of America, 1981 * ''Nora V. Daza Sarong Buhay sa Pagluto: Personal na Koleksyon nin mga Resipe kaiba si Michaela Fenix.'' Anvil Publishing, 1992. * ''Mga Putaheng Piyesta: Nora V. Daza kaiba an pamilya asin mga amigo.'' Anvil Publishing, 2011. == Mga Reperensya == {{Reflist}} [[Kategorya:1928 nagkamurundag]] [[Kategorya:20th-century Filipino women writers]] [[Kategorya:Women chefs]] 7aw68kwnf07vojlxqx0qh6plmw0yf40 Anne Carson 0 56916 311687 311643 2026-10-18T23:03:39Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 311687 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Canadian poet and academic}} {{pp-vandalism|small=yes}} {{distinguish|Ann Carson|Ann Elizabeth Carson}} {{Use Canadian English|date=October 2026}} {{Use mdy dates|date=October 2026}}{{Infobox writer | name = Anne Carson | honorific_suffix = [[Order of Canada|CM]] | image = Anne Carson, poet, at the 2024 National Book Awards.jpg | caption = Carson in 2024 | birth_name = Anne Patricia Carson | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1950|6|21}} | birth_place = [[Toronto]], Ontario, Canada | death_date = | death_place = | citizenship = {{hlist |Canada |Iceland}} | education = [[University of Toronto]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]], [[Master of Arts|MA]], [[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]]) | occupation = {{hlist |Poet |essayist |translator |classicist |professor}} | spouse = Robert Currie | period = 1979–present | genre = {{hlist |Poetry |essay |translation}} | notable_works = {{ubl |''[[Eros the Bittersweet]]'' (1986) |''[[Autobiography of Red]]'' (1998) |''[[Men in the Off Hours]]'' (2000) |''[[The Beauty of the Husband]]'' (2001) |''[[Red Doc|Red Doc>]]'' (2013)}} | awards = {{ubl |[[Lannan Literary Award]] (1996) |[[Guggenheim Fellowship]] (1998) |[[MacArthur Fellowship]] (2000) |[[Griffin Poetry Prize]] (2001, 2013) |[[Governor General's Award for English-language poetry|Governor General's Award]] (2001) |[[T. S. Eliot Prize]] (2001) |Member of the [[Order of Canada]] (2005) |[[Princess of Asturias Awards|Princess of Asturias Award]] (2020) |[[PEN/Nabokov Award]] (2021) |[[Nobel Prize in Literature]] ([[2026 Nobel Prize in Literature|2026]])}} }} Si '''Anne Patricia Carson''' (namundag Hunyo 21, 1950)<ref name="Morra-2014">{{Cite web |last=Morra |first=Linda |date=September 8, 2014 |title=Anne Carson |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/anne-carson |access-date=May 21, 2023 |website=[[The Canadian Encyclopedia]] |archive-date=May 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230512193058/http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/anne-carson |url-status=live }}</ref> sarong Kanadyanong akamediko asin autor. Namundag sa Toronto, siya nag'gradwar sa [[University of Toronto]] asin nagin propesor asin tagalektura sa magkapirang mga unibersidad poon 1979. Sa bilog kan karera niya, siya nagtukdo nin [[classics]], [[comparative literature]], asin [[creative writing]]. Siya nagtukdo man sa [[University of Calgary]], [[Princeton University]], [[McGill University]], [[University of Michigan]], asin [[New York University]]. Si Carson nagsurat sobra sa duwang polong libro, asin man mga kadamotan nin mga saysay, rawitdawit saka mga pagpalis kan mga antigong [[Trahedyang Griyego|Trahedyang Griyego]]. Siya nagawadan kan [[Guggenheim Fellowship|Guggenheim]] asin [[MacArthur Fellowship]], saiyang ginana an [[Lannan Literary Award]], duwang [[Griffin Poetry Prize]], an [[T. an S. Eliot Prize]], an [[Princess of Asturias Awards|Princess of Asturias Award]], an [[Governor General's Award for English-language poetry]], asin an [[PEN/Nabokov Award]]. Siya man nanombrahan na Member of the [[Order of Canada]] kan 2005 huli sa saiyang mga ambag sa Canadian letters. Kan 2026, siya nagawadan kan Premyo Nobel sa Literatura.<ref name="NobelPrize.org">{{Cite web |title=Nobel Prize in Literature 2026 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2026/press-release/ |access-date=October 8, 2026 |publisher=[[Nobel Foundation]] |website=NobelPrize.org ==Toltolan== {{Tamboan}} <ref name="Youngs-2026">{{Cite web |date=October 8, 2026 |title='Bold and inventive' Canadian poet Anne Carson wins Nobel Literature Prize |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cq4g1j54nepyo |access-date=October 8, 2026 |website=[[BBC News Online|BBC News]] |language= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20261008113231/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cq4g1j54nepyo |archive-date=October 8, 2026 |url-status=live|last=Youngs|first=Ian}}</ref> ==Toltolan== {{Reflist}} ==Mga panluwas na takod== {{sister project links|d=Q2633699|s=no|commons=no|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|mw=no|m=no|species=no|wikt=no|position=right}} * {{Nobelprize}} * [https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/anne-carson Poetry Foundation biography] * [https://poets.org/poet/anne-carson Academy of American Poets biography] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240902191227/https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/anne-carson ''The Canadian Encyclopedia'' biography] * [https://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/5420/the-art-of-poetry-no-88-anne-carson ''The Paris Review'' interview] by [[Will Aitken]] (2004) * [https://brickmag.com/an-interview-with-anne-carson/ ''Brick'' interview] by [[Eleanor Wachtel]] (2012) * [https://www.publicbooks.org/cant-stop-screaming/ Commentary on ''Antigonick''] by [[Judith Butler]] (2012) * [https://49thshelf.com/Blog/2021/07/06/The-Chat-with-GG-s-Literature-Award-Winner-Anne-Carson The Chat with GG's Literature Award Winner Anne Carson] {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ''49th Shelf'' (2021) {{2026 Nobel Prize winners}} {{Nobel Prize in Literature}} {{Princess of Asturias Award for Literature}} {{Governor General's English poetry}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Carson, Anne}} [[Category:1950 births]] [[Category:20th-century Canadian essayists]] [[Category:20th-century Canadian poets]] [[Category:20th-century Canadian translators]] [[Category:20th-century Canadian women non-fiction writers]] [[Category:20th-century Canadian women poets]] [[Category:21st-century Canadian essayists]] [[Category:21st-century Canadian poets]] [[Category:21st-century Canadian translators]] [[Category:21st-century Canadian women non-fiction writers]] [[Category:21st-century Canadian women poets]] [[Category:Academic staff of McGill University]] [[Category:Alumni of St. Michael's College, Toronto]] [[Category:Anglophone Quebec people]] [[Category:Canadian literary critics]] [[Category:Canadian Nobel laureates]] [[Category:Canadian women literary critics]] [[Category:Governor General's Award–winning poets]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:MacArthur Fellows]] [[Category:Members of the Order of Canada]] [[Category:Naturalised citizens of Iceland]] [[Category:The New Yorker people]] [[Category:Nobel laureates in Literature]] [[Category:PEN/Nabokov Award winners]] [[Category:Poets from Quebec]] [[Category:Poets from Toronto]] [[Category:Princeton University faculty]] [[Category:Roberta C. Holloway Lecturer in the Practice of Poetry]] [[Category:T. S. Eliot Prize winners]] [[Category:Translators from Ancient Greek]] [[Category:Translators from Greek]] [[Category:Translators to English]] [[Category:University of Michigan faculty]] [[Category:University of Toronto School of Graduate Studies alumni]] [[Category:Women Nobel laureates]] [[Category:People with Parkinson's disease]] language=en-US}}</ref> [[en:Anne Carson]] 0ax226oy5mokbv119ivfcd4z0jobsep Forever Marshall Islands 0 56923 311682 2026-10-18T14:33:48Z Ringer 55 Pinagmukna an pahina kaining "{{Infobox anthem | title = Forever Marshall Islands | image = | image_size = | caption = | prefix = National | alt_title = {{lang|mh|italic=no|Indeeo Ṃajeḷ}} | country = the [[Marshall Islands]] | alt_title_2 = {{lang|mh|italic=no|Aelōn̄ Eo Ao}} | en_alt_title_2 = Our Islands | author = [[Amata Kabua]] | lyrics_date = | composer = {{ill|Gil Ok Yun|ko|길옥윤}} | music_date = | adopted..." 311682 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox anthem | title = Forever Marshall Islands | image = | image_size = | caption = | prefix = National | alt_title = {{lang|mh|italic=no|Indeeo Ṃajeḷ}} | country = the [[Marshall Islands]] | alt_title_2 = {{lang|mh|italic=no|Aelōn̄ Eo Ao}} | en_alt_title_2 = Our Islands | author = [[Amata Kabua]] | lyrics_date = | composer = {{ill|Gil Ok Yun|ko|길옥윤}} | music_date = | adopted = 1991 | until = | predecessor = "{{lang|mh|[[Ij Io̧kwe Ļo̧k Aelōn̄ Eo Aō]]|italic=no}}" | sound = National Anthem of Marshall Islands by US Navy Band.ogg | sound_title = [[U.S. Navy Band]] instrumental version }} An '''Forever Marshall Islands''' ({{Lang-mh|"Indeeo Ṃajeḷ"}}), na midbid man sa incipit kaini, "{{lang|mh|italic=no|Aelōn̄ Eo Ao}}" ( "Our Islands"),<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-10-31|title=Marshall Islands Anthem • Marshall Islands Guide|url=https://www.infomarshallislands.com/marshall-islands-anthem/ |access-date=2022-02-05|website=Marshall Islands Guide|language=en-US}}</ref> na iyo an [[pambansang awit]] kan [[Marshall Islands]]. An mga liriko sinurat ni dating Presidente [[Amata Kabua]], asin an musika minukna kan Koreanong kompositor na si Gil ok-yun (bisto man sa saiyang pangaran na Hapones, Jun Yoshiya, 吉屋潤) sa paagi kan kahagaran ni Pangulong Kabua. An kanta natapos asin naitala sa Oasis Records sa [[Seoul]].{{efn|Dapit sa kompositor kang kanta, sinabi nin Republic of the Marshall Islands na si Amata Kabua an naggibo mansana kan kanta, maski siring posible na si Amata bilang sarong prodyusir an nagpili pumili kan saro sa mga kandidato para sa anthem na binibilog kan iba-ibang kompositor. Kan 2014, sinambit ni Kejjo Bien, kaidto dating embahador kan Marshall Islands sa South Korea (asin dating miyembro nin parlamento para sa RMI), an katotoanan ngani tawan-doon an mga relasyon kan duwang nasyon.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://premium.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2014/06/13/2014061300177.html|title=태평양 징용 韓人 아들, 아버지 나닼 나佼 吘4 -06-13|access-date=2023-11-17|archive-date=2021-12-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211223181311/http://premium.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2014/06/13/2014061300177.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} == Mga babasahon pa == <references group="lower-alpha"/> == Toltolan == {{reflist}} {{Uncategorized|date=Disyembre 2023}} cbppgas9n2oe2v3ujpuipkr0hmy6a17