Wikipidia bjnwiki https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laman_Tatambaian MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.3 first-letter Media Istimiwa Pamandiran Pamakai Pamandiran Pamakai Wikipidia Pamandiran Wikipidia Barakas Pamandiran Barakas MediaWiki Pamandiran MediaWiki Citakan Pamandiran Citakan Patulung Pamandiran Patulung Tumbung Pamandiran Tumbung Lawang Pamandiran Lawang TimedText TimedText talk Modul Pembicaraan Modul Acara Pembicaraan Acara 3 35625 110898 100665 2026-05-24T00:42:08Z Rachmat04 3620 Rachmat04 maugahakan laman [[Pamandiran Pamakai:Ratri Ayumsari]] ka [[Pamandiran Pamakai:Senantiasaderana]]: Sacara utumatis mamindahakan laman wayah mangganti ngaran pamakai "[[Special:CentralAuth/Ratri Ayumsari|Ratri Ayumsari]]" manjadi "[[Special:CentralAuth/Senantiasaderana|Senantiasaderana]]" 100665 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="vertical-align:top; border:1px solid #abf5d5; background-color:#f1fcf5; padding: .5em .5em .2em .5em " ! style="border-bottom:1px solid #abf5d5; background-color:#d0f5e5; padding:0.2em 0.5em 0.2em 0.5em; font-weight:bold; font-size: 120%" | '''Uy, {{PAGENAME}}, [[Wikipidia:Salamat datang|salamat datang]] di [[Wikipidia basa Banjar]]!'''[[Tumbung:Wikipidiawan nang bagabung bulan Pibuari 2025|{{PAGENAME}}]] |- | style="border-bottom:1px solid #f1fcf5; padding:0.4em 1em 0.3em 1em; text-align: left; font-size:95%;" | {| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="margin:.5em 0em 1em 0em; width:100%" | style="width:50%; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid #AFA3BF; background-color:#faf5ff;" | <div style="border-bottom:1px solid #AFA3BF; background-color:#ddcef2; padding:0.2em 1em 0.2em 1em; font-weight:bold">[[Barakas:Crystal Clear app kedit.svg|right|48px|link=|Mamulai]] '''Mamulai'''</div> <div style="border-bottom:1px solid #AFA3BF; padding:0.4em 1em 0.3em 1em"> * Bubuhan pamakai hanyar kawa manjanaki [[Wikipidia:Pangantar|Pangantar Wikipidia]] hulu. * Pian kawa maucapakan salamat datang gasan Wikipidiawan lainnya di [[Wikipidia:Laman paminanduan|laman paminanduan]] * Bingung mulai manjalajah matan mana? Ilangi [[Wikipidia:Laman babarang|laman babarang]] * Gasan mancubai mambabak, cuba pakai [[Wikipidia:Bak karangan|bak karangan]].{{#ifexist:Pamakai:{{PAGENAME}}|| * Tulisakan jua sahikit jati diri Pian di [{{fullurl:Pamakai:{{PAGENAME}}|action=edit&preload=Citakan:Salamatdatang/Profil}}&editintro=Citakan:Salamatdatang/Editintro3 Pamakai:{{PAGENAME}}], laman jati diri wan wadah paribadi Pian, sakira kami kawa labih maminandui Pian.}} * Baca jua [[Wikipidia:Lima tihang|Lima tihang]] sabalum malanjutakan. 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Ngini supaya taubah saurang jadi ngaran pamakai wan tanggal wayah ngitu jua. * Jangan kada ingat: [[Wikipidia:Kabijakan wan pedoman|Asas wan paduman dasar]] Wikipidia. * Handak maulah atawa mambabak laman? Pinandui dahulu [[Wikipidia:Pedoman gaya|gaya]] Wikipidia! Imbah ngitu itihi [[Wikipidia:Mamulai laman hanyar|mamulai laman hanyar]] wan [[Wikipidia:Mambabak sabuah laman|mambabak sabuting laman]]. </div> <div style="border-bottom:1px solid #abd5f5; background-color:#d0e5f5; padding:0.2em 1em 0.2em 1em; font-weight:bold">[[Barakas:Crystal Clear action reload.png|right|48px|link=|Maulah kasalahan?]] '''Maulah kasalahan?'''</div> <div style="solid #abd5f5; padding:0.4em 1em 0.3em 1em"> * [[Wikipidia:Jangan dibabani aturan|'''''Jangan takutan''''']]! Pian kada usah takutan tasalah wayah mambabak atawa maulah laman hanyar, manambahakan atawa mahapus kalimat.<p>[[Wikipidia:Pambakal|Pambakal]] wan bubuhan [[Wikipidia:Wikipidiawan|pamakai]] lainnya nang maitihi [[Istimiwa:Perubahan terbaru|paubahan pahanyarnya]] cagar lakas mandapatakan kasalahan Pian wan mambulikakannya nangkaya halam/samula/panambayan.</p> </div> |} : '''''Welcome!''' If you are not an Banjarese speaker, you may want to visit the [[Wikipidia:Kadutaan|Banjarese Wikipedia embassy]] or [[Wikipedia:Babel/bjn-0|a slight info to find users speaking your language]]. Enjoy!'' : '''Salamat manjalajah''', kami mahadangi babakan Pian di [[Wikipidia basa Banjar]]! |} pdyywpdd24u614y0p9cb45nlrc7odfi 0 38314 110893 110497 2026-05-23T12:46:33Z Arcuscloud 9300 manambahi konten sadikit 110893 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frasa''' kawa diaartiakan sawagai kalumpuk kata nang baisi matan dua kata atawa labih. Keraf (1984) manyambat bahwa frasa marupakan konstruksi nang tadiri matan dua kata atawa labih, nang kadua kata ngitu kawa bapungsi sawagai inti atawa sabuting wara bapungsi sawagai inti.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Dasar-dasar ilmu sintaksis bahasa Indonesia|last=Suhardi|date=2013|publisher=Ar-Ruzz Media|isbn=978-602-7874-14-5|edition=Cetakan 1|location=Yogyakarta|pages=19 - 44}}</ref> Ramlan (1987) maaartiakan frasa sawagai satuan gramatik nang tadiri matan dua kata atawa labih wan kada malingkangi tikas kaunaan unsur klausa. Pateda (1988) maartiakan frasa marupakan kalumpuk kata nang tadiri dua kata atawa labih. Frasa tahalus matan klausa, di antara kata kata nang ngitu ada raraitan. Pateda mamokusakan bahwa frasa tahalus matan klausa, maka frasa kada kawa manggantiakan klausa di kalimat maraga kada atawa balum mahibaki sarat sawagai [[klausa]].<ref name=":0" /> Kridalaksana (2008) manyambat bahua frasa marupakan gabungan dua kata atawa labih nang basipat kada prediktif; gabungan ngitu kawa rapat kawa ranggang, sawagai cuntuh "gunung tinggi" marupakan frasa maraga marupakan konstruksi nonprediktif. Hal ngini balain arti lawan "gunung ngitu tinggi" nang lain frasa maraga basipat prediktif.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rani|first=Tasya Maha|last2=Rahmadani|first2=Suci|last3=Hendro|first3=Dwi Sefti|last4=Ratnasari|first4=Lili|date=2026-01-21|title=Sintaksis dalam Membentuk Kalimat Frasa dan Klausa Secara Lisan dan Tulis|url=https://padangjurnal.web.id/index.php/menulis/article/view/991|journal=Menulis: Jurnal Penelitian Nusantara|language=en|volume=2|issue=1|pages=518–524|doi=10.59435/menulis.v2i1.991|issn=3088-988X}}</ref> Sasuai lawan arti frasa, maka frasa kurang labih baisi ciri; (1) tadiri matan dua kata atawa labih, (2) baisi sabuting makna gramatikal, (3) kada baisi predikat atawa basipat nonpredikatip, wan (4) baisi fungsi gramatikal di kalimat.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-04-07|title=Apa Itu Frasa dan Jenisnya – Materi Bahasa Indonesia Kelas 10|url=https://www.zenius.net/blog/materi-bahasa-jenis-jenis-frasa/|website=Zenius Blog - Tempatmu Menjelajahi Dunia Ilmu Pengetahuan|language=en|access-date=2026-05-23}}</ref> == Macam Frasa == Ada bamacam frasa sasuai lawan apa nang dijanak, nang panambaian frasa nang dijanaki matan kadudukan kadua unsurnya, ada frasa koordinatif nang marupakan kadudukan unsurnya satara, wan frasa subordinatif nang marupakan unsurnya kada satara. Dijanaki matan raraitan kaduanya unsurnya, ada dua frasa endosentrik nang marupakan frasa nang sabuting unsurnya kawa manggantiakan samunyaan, wan frasa eksosentrik nang kadua unsurnya marupakan satu kasatuan. Tajauh lagi, lamun dijanak matan kategorinya, ada frasa nominal, frasa verbal, frasa adjektival, wan frasa preposisional.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Wahidah|first=Baiq Yulia Kurnia|date=2021-06-30|title=Perbedaan Jenis Frasa Nominal dan Kata Majemuk Nomina|url=https://jurnal.peneliti.net/index.php/JIWP/article/view/980|journal=Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan|language=id|volume=7|issue=3|pages=278–285|doi=10.5281/zenodo.5564696|issn=2622-8327}}</ref> == Jujuhutan == <references /> [[Tumbung:Ilmu Basa]] rhjeatkb29fvu876nmifddx1bf8dzfi 0 38607 110892 2026-05-23T12:43:41Z Wadaihangit 12694 Wiki Loves Iran 2026 110892 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | settlement_type = [[Indung banua]] | official_name = Teheran | image_skyline = Tehran, Azadi Tower (42116985775).jpg | image_caption = Lalu lintas kuta Teheran balatar [[Manara Azadi]] | image_flag = Flag of Tehran.svg | image_shield = لوگو شهرداری تهران.svg | image_map1 = | map_caption1 = | subdivision_type = [[Nagara]] | subdivision_name = {{flag|Iran}} | subdivision_type1 = [[Prupinsi di Iran|Prupinsi]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Prupinsi Teheran]] | leader_title = [[Wali kuta]] | leader_name = [[Alireza Zakani]] | established_title = Didiriakan | established_date = | established_title2 = | area_footnotes = | area_magnitude = | area_total_km2 = 2746 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_urban_km2 = | population_as_of = 2006 | population_note = Data populasi dari Sensus 2006 dan Munisipalitas Teheran.<ref>[http://www.sci.org.ir/content/userfiles/_sci_en/sci_en/sel/year85/f2/CS_02_8.HTM Statistical Center of Iran - 2006 Census]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.tehranatlas.com/HTMLs/English/aboutatlas.htm |title=Tehran Municipality, Atlas of Tehran Metropolis |access-date=2010-10-17 |archive-date=2008-12-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081220135641/http://www.tehranatlas.com/HTMLs/English/aboutatlas.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Angka luas wilayah Metro mengacu kepada Provinsi Teheran. | population_total = | population_urban = 8429807 | population_density_km2 = 26748,3 | timezone = [[Waktu Standar Iran|IRST]] | utc_offset = +03:30 | timezone_DST = | latd = 35 | latm = 41 | lats = 46 | latNS = N | longd = 51 | longm = 25 | longs = 23 | longEW = E | website = [https://en.tehran.ir/ tehran.ir] | footnotes = | image_blank_emblem = | blank_emblem_type = Logo | government_type = | population_demonym = | native_name = تهران ''Tehrân'' | subdivision_type2 = ''[[Syahrestan]]'' | subdivision_name2 = Syahrestan Teheran, Syahrestan Rey, Syahrestan Shemiranat | leader_title1 = Diwan Kuta | leader_name1 = Mehdi Chamran | area_metro_km2 = 18814 | area_metro_sq_mi = 7264 | elevation_m = 1200 | elevation_ft = 3900 | population_metro = 13413348 | population_blank1_title = Rangking jumlah panduduk di Iran | population_blank1 = [[Daptar kuta di Iran bardasarkan jumlah panduduk|ka-1]] | area_code = +98 21 }} '''Teheran''' atawa Tehran ([[basa Parsia]]: تهران) adalah [[indung banua]] wan kuta pangganalnya di [[Iran]], ibu kuta provinsi '''Teheran''' wan ''syahrestan'' Teheran. Kuta Teheran baisi panduduk 9.039.000 ikung nusia wayah 2022, wan ujaran parikinan PBB wayah 2018, kuta ngini marupakan kuta pangganalnya ka-34 di dunia wan kuta pangganal di wilayah [[Asia Barat]]. Kuta ''metropolitan'' Teheran adalah kuta ''metropolitan'' pamadatnya kadua di [[Timur Tangah]]. Teheran sacara ''geografis'' baandakan parak sapalih pahalatan, tamasuk iya pahalatan Turkmenistan di ampah timur laut.<ref>https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/tehran-i/</ref> Teheran baisi banyak situs sajarah, tamasuk nangkaya kompleks karajaan [[Istana Golestan|Golestan]], [[Kompleks Sa'dabad|Sa'dabad]], wan [[Kompleks Niavaran|Niavaran]], nang mana dua dinasti pauncitan bakas [[Iran Pahlavi|Nagara Kakaisaran Iran]] baandak. Bangunan tapandang di Teheran tamasuk [[Manara Azadi]], sabuting tugu panikasan kajadian nang dibangun wayah pamarintahan [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|Mohammad Reza Shah]] tumatan [[dinasti Pahlavi]] wayah 1971 gasan manikasi ari ulang tahun 2.500 tahun Kakaisaran Parsia, ada jua [[Borj-e Milad|Manara Milad]] yaitu manara swadaya nang tamasuk manara ka-6 nang paningginya di dunia wan diulah wayah 2007, wan Jumbatan Tabiat nang diulah wayah 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-11-17|title=Tabiat Pedestrian Bridge / Diba Tensile Architecture|url=https://www.archdaily.com/566387/tabiat-pedestrian-bridge-diba-tensile-architecture|website=ArchDaily|language=en-US|access-date=2023-10-31}}</ref> Kabanyakan panduduknya adalah [[urang Parsia]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=TABNAK|first=تابناک {{!}}|date=۱۳۸۹/۰۹/۰۹ - ۱۷:۱۵|title=چنددرصد تهرانی‌ها در تهران به دنیا آمده‌اند؟|url=http://www.tabnak.ir/fa/news/133668|website=fa|language=fa|access-date=2023-10-31}}</ref><ref>Abbasi-Shavazi, Mohammad Jalal; McDonald, Peter; Hosseini-Chavoshi, Meimanat.</ref> lawan handak 99% matan urang-urang nitu bapandir [[basa Parsia]], sapalihnya pulang lawan bubuhan ''etnolinguistik'' lainnya di Teheran nang sudah taasimilasi.<ref>Schuppe, Mareike.</ref> Hasil bacacah Mercer wayah 2016 matan 230 kuta di saduniaan manikasi Teheran di 203 parihal [[kualitas hidup]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iran-diaspora-idUSKCN0WV16D|title=Iranian expats hard to woo as Western firms seek foothold in Iran|date=2016-03-29|work=Reuters|access-date=2023-10-31|language=en}}</ref> Lamun ujar Indeks Kuta Tujuan Global wayah 2016, Teheran tamasuk di antara sapuluh tujuan nang palakasnya baganal.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Erenhouse|first=Ryan|date=22 September 2016|title=Bangkok Takes Title in 2016 Mastercard Global Destinations Cities Index|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170428214732/http://newsroom.mastercard.com/press-releases/bangkok-takes-title-in-2016-mastercard-global-destinations-cities-index/|website=MasterCard's newsroom}}</ref> Dewan kuta Teheran manandai 6 Uktubir gasan jadi Hari Teheran wayah 2016, marayakan tanggal pas kuta ngitu rasmi jadi ibu kuta Iran wayah 1907.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-10-06|title=Citizens Of Capital Mark Tehran Day On October 6 - Iran Front Page|url=https://ifpnews.com/citizens-of-capital-mark-tehran-day-on-october-6/|website=ifpnews.com|language=en-US|access-date=2023-10-31}}</ref> == Wadah bakunjang == <gallery class="center" mode="packed"> Barakas:Golestan_palace(4).jpg|[[Istana Golestan]] Barakas:MG_9162-Pano_as_Smart_Object-1_copy.jpg|[[Pakan Besar, Teheran|Pakan Besar]] Barakas:Azadi_Tower_(29358497718)_(cropped).jpg|Manara Azadi Barakas:Národní_muzeum_Íránu.jpg|[[Musium Nasiunal Iran]] Barakas:Niavaran_Complex_3.jpg|Kompleks Niavaran Barakas:Mellat_Palace_Museum_02.jpg|Kompleks Sa'dabad Barakas:Masoodieh_mansion.jpg|Rumah Masoudieh Barakas:National_Garden_of_Tehran_MSH_(1).jpg|Taman Nasional Barakas:Bagh-e_Ferdows_Tajrish.jpg|Taman Ferdows Barakas:Darband,_Teherán,_Irán,_2016-09-18,_DD_16.jpg|Darband Barakas:TabiatPedestrianBridge.jpg|Jumbatan Tabiat Barakas:Mezquita_Shah,_Teherán,_Irán,_2016-09-17,_DD_49-51_HDR.jpg|Masigit Shah Barakas:Imam_Khomeini_shrine.jpg|[[Mausoleum Ruhollah Khomeini|Mausoleum Imam Khomeini]] Barakas:Park_Shahr_Tehran.jpg|Taman Kuta Teheran </gallery> == Jujuhutan == <references /> [[Tumbung:Kuta di Iran]] kco20lh3dwfo2rs2vfpaswtkefaokz5 0 38608 110894 2026-05-23T13:06:27Z Wadaihangit 12694 Wiki Loves Iran 2026 110894 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox building | native_name = {{lang|fa|برج آزادی}} | name = Manara Azadi | image = Azadi Tower, Tehran.jpg | caption = Manara Azadi, salajur jadi pananda KM 0 Kuta Teheran | url = [http://www.azadi-tower.com Azadi Tower] | location = [[Teheran]], [[Iran]] | coordinates = {{coord|35|41|58|N|51|20|16|E|type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=inline,title}} | roof = {{convert|45|m|ft|abbr=on}} | completion_date = 1971 | building_type = Kabudayaan | cost = 6&nbsp;juta $ | architect = Hossein Amanat | structural_engineer = [[Arup|Grup Arup]] }} '''Manara Azadi''' ([[Basa Persia|basa]] [[Basa Persia|Persia]]: برج آزادی atawa Manara Kebebasan) adalah [[manara]] nang baandakan di kuta [[Teheran]], [[Iran]]. Manara ngini sabalumnya dipinandui sawagai ''Shahyād Āryāmehr'' (Persia: شهیاد آریامهر )<ref>{{Cite web|title=Salinan arsip|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/citizenbytes/2009/06/iran_monument_daughter_of_the_1.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121109005128/http://www.cbc.ca/news/citizenbytes/2009/06/iran_monument_daughter_of_the_1.html|archive-date=2012-11-09|dead-url=no|access-date=2012-11-09}}</ref> yaitu tanda lawang masuk subalah barat ampah pusat kuta. Bangunan nang ada di paparakan Lapangan Tarabang Antarbangsa Merabad, Iran. Manara ini bungas ditiring wayah malam hari lawan cahaya lampu nang gagirapan. == Sajarah wan pambangunan == ''Arsitek'' manara ngini yaitu Hossein Amanat, nang umpat turai gasan maancang [[monumen]], nang manggabungakan unsur Sassanid wan ''arsitektur'' Islam. Manara babalang putih nang tardiri matan dua buting tugu nang tingginya 45 m nang saing baungkit di tunggaknya wan baandakan di lapangan 50.000 m² nitu sabujurannya iya kompleks nang tardiri matan banyak bangunan nangkaya [[musium]], galeri seni, [[biskup]], [[parpustakaan]], wan taman. Ada pang sapalih banyu mancur di parak bawah manara wan di bawah tanah musium.<ref>http://news.yahoo.com/nphotos/slideshow/photo//090615/481/383faf99533649c7bc4b9f2a555f322d/#photoViewer=/090615/481/383faf99533649c7bc4b9f2a555f322d</ref><ref>http://media.charlotteobserver.com/smedia/2009/06/15/19/654-The_Daily_Edit_0019.standalone.prod_affiliate.138.JPG{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref>Hureau, Jean. Iran Today, 2nd. Ed, editions j.a.</ref> Manaranya dibangun mamakai 8.000 batu marmer putih matan [[Esfahan]]. Batu-batu ngini barataan diulah wan disadiaakan lawan Ghanbar Rahimi. Manaranya dirasmiakan wayah 16 Uktubir 1971. == Album == <gallery> Barakas:Tehran_(Iran)_Azadi_Monument_(built_1971).jpg Barakas:Azadi_Square_&_Azadi_Tower,_aerial_view_1971.jpg Barakas:Azadi_tower,_Tehran,_Iran_(April_2016).jpg </gallery> == Jujuhutan == <references /> [[Tumbung:Manara di Iran]] 9e94l4elbftf9pnhy6092ebarfxsqfr 0 38609 110895 2026-05-23T13:37:21Z Wadaihangit 12694 Wiki Loves Iran 2026 110895 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language|name=Parsia|nativename={{lang|fa|فارسی}} ({{transl|fa|fārsi}});|pronunciation={{IPA-fa|fɒːɾˈsiː||Farsi.ogg}}|state=Iran, Afganistan (sawagai [[basa Dari|Dari]]) Tajikistan (sawagai [[basa Tajik|Tajik]]), Uzbekistan (sawagai Tajik), Irak, Turkmenistan, Rusia, Azerbaijan|region=[[Asia Barat]], [[Asia Tangah]], [[Asia Tanggara]]|speakers=kurang labih 97–110 juta|rank=29|familycolor=Indo-European|fam2=[[basa Indo-Iran|Indo-Iran]]|fam3=[[Rumpun basa Iran|Iran]]|fam4=[[Rumpun basa Iran Barat|Iran Barat]]|fam5=[[Rumpun basa Iran Barat Daya|Iran Barat Daya]]|ancestor=[[Basa Parsia Arkais|Parsia Arkais]]|ancestor2=[[Basa Parsia Partangahan|Parsia Partangahan]]|ancestor3=Parsia Hanyar Pamulaan|standards=[[Basa Parsia Iran|Parsia Iran]]<br>[[Basa Parsia Afganistan|Parsia Afganistan]]<br>[[Basa Tajik|Parsia Tajik]]|dialects=[[Basa Parsia Iran|Parsia Iran]]<br>[[Basa Parsia Afganistan|Parsia Afganistan]]<br>[[Basa Tajik|Parsia Tajik]] <br>[[Basa Parsia Bukhari|Bukhari]]<br>[[Basa Parsia Pahlavi|Pahlavi]]<br>[[Basa Parsia Hazara|Hazara]]<br>[[Basa Parsia Aimak|Aimak]]<br>[[Basa Parsia Yahudi|Parsia Yahudi]]<br>[[Dehwari]]<br>[[Basa Parsia Tat|Tat]]<ref name="Windfuhr" /><br>[[Basa Parsia Tat Yahudi|Tat Yahudi]]<ref name="Windfuhr" /><br>[[Basa Parsia Tat Armenia|Tat Armenia]]<ref name="Windfuhr">Windfuhr, Gernot: ''The Iranian Languages'', Routledge 2009, p. 418.</ref>|ethnicity=[[Urang Parsia]]|script=[[Abjad Parsia]] (Iran duwa Afganistan)<br>[[Abjad Tajik]] (Tajikistan)<br>[[Abjad Ibrani]]<br>[[Braille Basa Parsia]]|nation={{flag|Iran}} (sawagai [[Basa Parsia Iran|Basa Parsia]])<br>{{flag|Afganistan}} (sawagai [[Basa Dari]])<br>{{flag|Tajikistan}} (sawagai [[Basa Tajik]])<br>{{flag|Rusia}} (sawagai [[Basa Parsia Tat|Tat]])<ref>[[Constitution of the Republic of Dagestan]]: Chapter I, Article 11: "The state languages of the Republic of Dagestan are Russian and the languages of the peoples of Dagestan."</ref>|agency=[[Akademi basa wan sastra Parsia]]{{br}}[[Akademi Ilmu Pangatahuan Afganistan]]{{br}}[[Institut Basa wan Sastra Rudaki]]|iso1=fa|iso2b=per|iso2t=fas|iso3=fas|lc1=pes|ld1=[[Basa Parsia Iran|Parsia Iran]]|lc2=prs|ld2=[[Basa Dari|Dari]]|lc3=tgk|ld3=[[Basa Tajik|Tajik]]<!--Kode ini dan kode berikut bukan bagian dari bahasa makro per SIL-->|lc4=aiq|ld4=[[Lugat Aimaq|Aimaq]]|lc5=bhh|ld5=[[Basa Parsia Bukhara|Bukhori]]|lc7=haz|ld7=[[Basa Parsia Hazara|Hazaragi]]|lc8=jpr|ld8=[[Basa Parsia Yahudi|Parsia Yahudi]]|lc9=phv|ld9=[[Basa Parsia Pahlavani|Pahlavani]]|lc10=deh|ld10=[[Basa Parsia Dehwari|Dehwari]]|lc11=ttt|ld11=[[Basa Parsia Tat|Tat]]|lc12=jdt|ld12=[[Basa Parsia Tat Yahudi|Tat Yahudi]]|sil=PRS|lingua={{longitem|58-AAC (Persia)<br />{{nowrap| > 58-AAC-c (Persia Tengah)}}}}|image=Farsi.svg|imagesize=100px|imagecaption=(''Fārsi'' ditulis dalam kaligrafi Parsia ([[Nasta'līq]])|map=Persian Language Location Map.svg{{!}}border|map2=Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan.svg{{!}}border|mapcaption=Wilayah nang jumlah nusianya nang signifikan nang basa pamulaannya iyalah Basa Parsia (tamasuk lugat)|mapcaption2=Wilayah nang basa Persia sawagai basa rasmi (nang habang)}} '''Basa Parsia''' ({{Lang|fa|فارسی}}:{{Transliteration|fa|fārsi}}; {{Lang|tg|форсӣ}}:{{Transliteration|tg|forsī}}) adalah basa matan [[Iran]]".<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://digilib.iainkendari.ac.id/2132/1/11.%20Genealogi%20Bahasa%20Arab%20%28Perkembangannya%20sebagai%20Bahasa%20Standar%29-Imelda-2017.Pdf.pdf|title=Genealogi Bahasa Arab: Perkembangannya Sebagai Bahasa Stamdar|last=Wahyuni|first=Imelda|date=2017|publisher=Deepublish|isbn=978-602-453-585-8|location=Sleman|pages=34}}</ref> Basa ngini dipandirakan saban hari lawan ''minoritas'' di Iran, [[Tajikistan]], [[Afganistan]] wan [[Uzbekistan]]. Jumlah pamandirnya kikira 35 juta urang. Di Iran, panduduk asli basa ngini banyaknya kikira 25% matan ''populasi''. Basa matan Afghani sudah banyak takambuh duwa basa-[[Langue|Basa]] kaya [[Mongolia]].<ref>https://www.dailymirror.lk/print/opinion/Collective-resolve-of-regional-and-international-actors-a-glimmer-of-hope-for-Afghans-Air-Chief-Marshal-Bulathsinghala/172-282040</ref> == Ngaran == Kuyaan Parsia dijuhut matan [[Bahasa Latin|Basa Latin]]: ''{{Lang|la|Persia}}'', nang dijuhut matan [[Basa Yunani Arkais|Basa Yunani]] [[Basa Yunani Arkais|Arkais]]: Persís ({{Lang|grc|Περσίς}}),<ref>{{LSJ|*persi/s|Περσίς|ref}}</ref> yaitu bantukan ''helenisasi'' matan {{Transliteration|peo|Pārsa}} dalam [[Basa Parsia Arkais|Basa Parsia]] [[Basa Parsia Arkais|Arkais]] nang baarti "Parsia" (sabuting wilayah di Iran, nang luasnya handak barataan [[Prupinsi Fars]]). Farsi iyalah [[endonim]] gasan basa ngini, wan rancak juwa dipakai dalam basa-basa lain. Tagal, [[Akademi Basa wan Sastra Parsia]] manyambat bahwa kuyaan Parsia sabaiknya kada dipakai dalam basa asing, lawan juwa manyaranakan mamakai kuyaan nang tarancak dipakai wan tadangar urang badahulu sahari-hari atawa sudah mapan dalam basa lain marga sawagai tanda ''peran'' Basa Parsia nang bapangaruh banar lawan basa lain.<ref>{{Cite web|date=16 December 1997|title=Persian or Farsi?|url=http://www.iranian.com/Features/Dec97/Persian/|publisher=Iranian|access-date=23 December 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fársi: 'Recently appeared language!'|url=http://www.persiandirect.com/articles/2004/july/id_00003.htm|publisher=Persiandirect|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303191652/http://www.persiandirect.com/articles/2004/july/id_00003.htm|archive-date=3 March 2016|access-date=23 December 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Persian or Fársi?|url=http://www.persiandirect.com/articles/2004/july/id_00001.htm|publisher=Persiandirect|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915195418/http://www.persiandirect.com/articles/2004/july/id_00001.htm|archive-date=15 September 2016|access-date=23 December 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|date=Spring 1995|editor-last=Samī‘ī Gīlānī|editor-first=Aḥmad|title=متنِ اعلامِ نظرِ شورای فرهنگستانِ زبان و ادبِ فارسی درباره‌ی کاربردِ Farsi به جای Persian در مکاتباتِ وزارتِ امورِ خارجه|url=http://www.persianacademy.ir/UserFiles/image/naame01.pdf|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Academy of Persian Language and Literature|language=Persian|location=Tehran|volume=1|issue=1|page=152|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304035325/http://www.persianacademy.ir/UserFiles/image/naame01.pdf|archive-date=2016-03-04|access-date=2012-02-16}}</ref> == Sajarah == Basa Parsia iya sabuting cabang matan basa Indo-Iran. Ahli Basa wan sajarawan yakin bahwa parkambangan Basa Parsia malalui tahapan-tahapan nangkaya ini: * Basa Parsia Arkais (c. 600-300 SM).<ref>{{Cite web|date=June 15, 2007|title=Everyday text shows that Old Persian was probably more commonly used than previously thought|url=http://www-news.uchicago.edu/releases/07/070615.oldpersian.shtml|publisher=University of Chicago News Office (archived)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016070202/http://www-news.uchicago.edu/releases/07/070615.oldpersian.shtml|archive-date=2017-10-16}}</ref> * Basa Parsia Partangahan (c. 300 SM-651 M).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Noda|first=Keigou|year=1983|title=Ergativity in Middle Persian|journal=Gengo Kenkyu|volume=84|pages=105–125|doi=10.11435/gengo1939.1983.84_105}}</ref> * Basa Parsia Hanyar (651-wayahini).{{Sfn|Lazard|1975}} == Lugat wan parian == Basa Parsia baisi talu lugat baku: * [[Basa Parsia Iran|Parsia Iran]] (atawa "Parsia Barat") dipandirakan di [[Iran|Ripublik Islam Iran]] wan ''minoritas'' di [[Irak]] lawan juwa di nagara-nagara pasisir [[Taluk Parsia]]. * [[Basa Parsia Afganistan|Parsia Afganistan]] (disambat jua "Parsia Timur", atawa "Dari") dipandirakan di Afganistan. * [[Basa Tajik|Parsia Tajik]] (nang disambat jua "Tajik") dipandirakan di [[Tajikistan]] wan [[Uzbekistan]]. Lugat ngini ditulis dalam [[abjad Sirilik]]. Ada juwa sapalih lugat lokal matan Iran, Afganistan, wan Tajikistan nang sadikit balain matan Basa Parsia Baku. [[Basa Parsia Hazara|Dialék Hazara]] (di Afganistan tangah wan Pakistan), lugat Tat wan ragam Tat Yahudi di pagunungan [[Kaukasus]], Darwazi (di Afganistan wan Tajikistan), Basseri (di Iran selatan), wan lugat Teheran. Pamandir Parsia Afghanistan wan Tajik baisi pangatahuan nang paningginya, dibandingakan lawan lugat Parsia di Iran.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Beeman|first=William|title=Persian, Dari and Tajik|url=http://www.ucis.pitt.edu/nceeer/2005_817_17g_Beeman.pdf|website=[[Brown University]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210857/http://www.ucis.pitt.edu/nceeer/2005_817_17g_Beeman.pdf|archive-date=25 October 2012|access-date=30 March 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite encyclopedia}}</ref> == Aksara == Sabalum masuk Islam ka Iran, urang Parsia mamakai dua ''versi'' hurup di jaman [[Pahlavi]], yaitu hurup nang ''dimodifikasi'' matan [[Basa Aram]], wan ''versi'' nang lain adalah hurup asli lokal nang disambat 'Dindapirak' atawa dalam Basa Parsia Modern disambat 'Din dabireh' (hurup suci). Basa Parsia modern mamakai huruf Arab lawan tambahan 4 huruf gasan manulis 'zh', 'ch', 'p', wan 'g'. == Itihi juwa == * [[Basa Avesta]] * [[Daptar kuyaan juhutan matan basa Parsia dalam basa Indunisia]] == Jujuhutan == <references /> [[Tumbung:Basa Parsia]] szfaocf7omo2gzl42jpuq01o930nppt 110903 110895 2026-05-24T01:53:11Z Wadaihangit 12694 110903 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language|name=Parsia|nativename={{lang|fa|فارسی}} ({{transl|fa|fārsi}});|pronunciation={{IPA-fa|fɒːɾˈsiː||Farsi.ogg}}|state=Iran, Afganistan (sawagai [[basa Dari|Dari]]) Tajikistan (sawagai [[basa Tajik|Tajik]]), Uzbekistan (sawagai Tajik), Irak, Turkmenistan, Rusia, Azerbaijan|region=[[Asia Barat]], [[Asia Tangah]], [[Asia Tanggara]]|speakers=kurang labih 97–110 juta|rank=29|familycolor=Indo-European|fam2=[[basa Indo-Iran|Indo-Iran]]|fam3=[[Rumpun basa Iran|Iran]]|fam4=[[Rumpun basa Iran Barat|Iran Barat]]|fam5=[[Rumpun basa Iran Barat Daya|Iran Barat Daya]]|ancestor=[[Basa Parsia Arkais|Parsia Arkais]]|ancestor2=[[Basa Parsia Partangahan|Parsia Partangahan]]|ancestor3=Parsia Hanyar Pamulaan|standards=[[Basa Parsia Iran|Parsia Iran]]<br>[[Basa Parsia Afganistan|Parsia Afganistan]]<br>[[Basa Tajik|Parsia Tajik]]|dialects=[[Basa Parsia Iran|Parsia Iran]]<br>[[Basa Parsia Afganistan|Parsia Afganistan]]<br>[[Basa Tajik|Parsia Tajik]] <br>[[Basa Parsia Bukhari|Bukhari]]<br>[[Basa Parsia Pahlavi|Pahlavi]]<br>[[Basa Parsia Hazara|Hazara]]<br>[[Basa Parsia Aimak|Aimak]]<br>[[Basa Parsia Yahudi|Parsia Yahudi]]<br>[[Dehwari]]<br>[[Basa Parsia Tat|Tat]]<ref name="Windfuhr" /><br>[[Basa Parsia Tat Yahudi|Tat Yahudi]]<ref name="Windfuhr" /><br>[[Basa Parsia Tat Armenia|Tat Armenia]]<ref name="Windfuhr">Windfuhr, Gernot: ''The Iranian Languages'', Routledge 2009, p. 418.</ref>|ethnicity=[[Urang Parsia]]|script=[[Abjad Parsia]] (Iran duwa Afganistan)<br>[[Abjad Tajik]] (Tajikistan)<br>[[Abjad Ibrani]]<br>[[Braille Basa Parsia]]|nation={{flag|Iran}} (sawagai [[Basa Parsia Iran|Basa Parsia]])<br>{{flag|Afganistan}} (sawagai [[Basa Dari]])<br>{{flag|Tajikistan}} (sawagai [[Basa Tajik]])<br>{{flag|Rusia}} (sawagai [[Basa Parsia Tat|Tat]])<ref>[[Constitution of the Republic of Dagestan]]: Chapter I, Article 11: "The state languages of the Republic of Dagestan are Russian and the languages of the peoples of Dagestan."</ref>|agency=[[Akademi basa wan sastra Parsia]]{{br}}[[Akademi Ilmu Pangatahuan Afganistan]]{{br}}[[Institut Basa wan Sastra Rudaki]]|iso1=fa|iso2b=per|iso2t=fas|iso3=fas|lc1=pes|ld1=[[Basa Parsia Iran|Parsia Iran]]|lc2=prs|ld2=[[Basa Dari|Dari]]|lc3=tgk|ld3=[[Basa Tajik|Tajik]]<!--Kode ini dan kode berikut bukan bagian dari bahasa makro per SIL-->|lc4=aiq|ld4=[[Lugat Aimaq|Aimaq]]|lc5=bhh|ld5=[[Basa Parsia Bukhara|Bukhori]]|lc7=haz|ld7=[[Basa Parsia Hazara|Hazaragi]]|lc8=jpr|ld8=[[Basa Parsia Yahudi|Parsia Yahudi]]|lc9=phv|ld9=[[Basa Parsia Pahlavani|Pahlavani]]|lc10=deh|ld10=[[Basa Parsia Dehwari|Dehwari]]|lc11=ttt|ld11=[[Basa Parsia Tat|Tat]]|lc12=jdt|ld12=[[Basa Parsia Tat Yahudi|Tat Yahudi]]|sil=PRS|lingua={{longitem|58-AAC (Persia)<br />{{nowrap| > 58-AAC-c (Persia Tengah)}}}}|image=S.M Saeed Raza Persian Language poem.jpg|imagesize=100px|imagecaption=(''Fārsi'' ditulis dalam kaligrafi Parsia ([[Nasta'līq]])|map=Persian Language Location Map.svg{{!}}border|map2=Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan.svg{{!}}border|mapcaption=Wilayah nang jumlah nusianya nang signifikan nang basa pamulaannya iyalah Basa Parsia (tamasuk lugat)|mapcaption2=Wilayah nang basa Persia sawagai basa rasmi (nang habang)|caption=Puisi S.M Saeed Raza nang babasa Parsia|photo=S.M Saeed Raza Persian Language poem.jpg}} '''Basa Parsia''' ({{Lang|fa|فارسی}}:{{Transliteration|fa|fārsi}}; {{Lang|tg|форсӣ}}:{{Transliteration|tg|forsī}}) adalah basa matan [[Iran]]".<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://digilib.iainkendari.ac.id/2132/1/11.%20Genealogi%20Bahasa%20Arab%20%28Perkembangannya%20sebagai%20Bahasa%20Standar%29-Imelda-2017.Pdf.pdf|title=Genealogi Bahasa Arab: Perkembangannya Sebagai Bahasa Stamdar|last=Wahyuni|first=Imelda|date=2017|publisher=Deepublish|isbn=978-602-453-585-8|location=Sleman|pages=34}}</ref> Basa ngini dipandirakan saban hari lawan ''minoritas'' di Iran, [[Tajikistan]], [[Afganistan]] wan [[Uzbekistan]]. Jumlah pamandirnya kikira 35 juta urang. Di Iran, panduduk asli basa ngini banyaknya kikira 25% matan ''populasi''. Basa matan Afghani sudah banyak takambuh duwa basa-[[Langue|Basa]] kaya [[Mongolia]].<ref>https://www.dailymirror.lk/print/opinion/Collective-resolve-of-regional-and-international-actors-a-glimmer-of-hope-for-Afghans-Air-Chief-Marshal-Bulathsinghala/172-282040</ref> == Ngaran == Kuyaan Parsia dijuhut matan [[Bahasa Latin|Basa Latin]]: ''{{Lang|la|Persia}}'', nang dijuhut matan [[Basa Yunani Arkais|Basa Yunani]] [[Basa Yunani Arkais|Arkais]]: Persís ({{Lang|grc|Περσίς}}),<ref>{{LSJ|*persi/s|Περσίς|ref}}</ref> yaitu bantukan ''helenisasi'' matan {{Transliteration|peo|Pārsa}} dalam [[Basa Parsia Arkais|Basa Parsia]] [[Basa Parsia Arkais|Arkais]] nang baarti "Parsia" (sabuting wilayah di Iran, nang luasnya handak barataan [[Prupinsi Fars]]). Farsi iyalah [[endonim]] gasan basa ngini, wan rancak juwa dipakai dalam basa-basa lain. Tagal, [[Akademi Basa wan Sastra Parsia]] manyambat bahwa kuyaan Parsia sabaiknya kada dipakai dalam basa asing, lawan juwa manyaranakan mamakai kuyaan nang tarancak dipakai wan tadangar urang badahulu sahari-hari atawa sudah mapan dalam basa lain marga sawagai tanda ''peran'' Basa Parsia nang bapangaruh banar lawan basa lain.<ref>{{Cite web|date=16 December 1997|title=Persian or Farsi?|url=http://www.iranian.com/Features/Dec97/Persian/|publisher=Iranian|access-date=23 December 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fársi: 'Recently appeared language!'|url=http://www.persiandirect.com/articles/2004/july/id_00003.htm|publisher=Persiandirect|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303191652/http://www.persiandirect.com/articles/2004/july/id_00003.htm|archive-date=3 March 2016|access-date=23 December 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Persian or Fársi?|url=http://www.persiandirect.com/articles/2004/july/id_00001.htm|publisher=Persiandirect|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915195418/http://www.persiandirect.com/articles/2004/july/id_00001.htm|archive-date=15 September 2016|access-date=23 December 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|date=Spring 1995|editor-last=Samī‘ī Gīlānī|editor-first=Aḥmad|title=متنِ اعلامِ نظرِ شورای فرهنگستانِ زبان و ادبِ فارسی درباره‌ی کاربردِ Farsi به جای Persian در مکاتباتِ وزارتِ امورِ خارجه|url=http://www.persianacademy.ir/UserFiles/image/naame01.pdf|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Academy of Persian Language and Literature|language=Persian|location=Tehran|volume=1|issue=1|page=152|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304035325/http://www.persianacademy.ir/UserFiles/image/naame01.pdf|archive-date=2016-03-04|access-date=2012-02-16}}</ref> == Sajarah == Basa Parsia iya sabuting cabang matan basa Indo-Iran. Ahli Basa wan sajarawan yakin bahwa parkambangan Basa Parsia malalui tahapan-tahapan nangkaya ini: * Basa Parsia Arkais (c. 600-300 SM).<ref>{{Cite web|date=June 15, 2007|title=Everyday text shows that Old Persian was probably more commonly used than previously thought|url=http://www-news.uchicago.edu/releases/07/070615.oldpersian.shtml|publisher=University of Chicago News Office (archived)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016070202/http://www-news.uchicago.edu/releases/07/070615.oldpersian.shtml|archive-date=2017-10-16}}</ref> * Basa Parsia Partangahan (c. 300 SM-651 M).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Noda|first=Keigou|year=1983|title=Ergativity in Middle Persian|journal=Gengo Kenkyu|volume=84|pages=105–125|doi=10.11435/gengo1939.1983.84_105}}</ref> * Basa Parsia Hanyar (651-wayahini).{{Sfn|Lazard|1975}} == Lugat wan parian == Basa Parsia baisi talu lugat baku: * [[Basa Parsia Iran|Parsia Iran]] (atawa "Parsia Barat") dipandirakan di [[Iran|Ripublik Islam Iran]] wan ''minoritas'' di [[Irak]] lawan juwa di nagara-nagara pasisir [[Taluk Parsia]]. * [[Basa Parsia Afganistan|Parsia Afganistan]] (disambat jua "Parsia Timur", atawa "Dari") dipandirakan di Afganistan. * [[Basa Tajik|Parsia Tajik]] (nang disambat jua "Tajik") dipandirakan di [[Tajikistan]] wan [[Uzbekistan]]. Lugat ngini ditulis dalam [[abjad Sirilik]]. Ada juwa sapalih lugat lokal matan Iran, Afganistan, wan Tajikistan nang sadikit balain matan Basa Parsia Baku. [[Basa Parsia Hazara|Dialék Hazara]] (di Afganistan tangah wan Pakistan), lugat Tat wan ragam Tat Yahudi di pagunungan [[Kaukasus]], Darwazi (di Afganistan wan Tajikistan), Basseri (di Iran selatan), wan lugat Teheran. Pamandir Parsia Afghanistan wan Tajik baisi pangatahuan nang paningginya, dibandingakan lawan lugat Parsia di Iran.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Beeman|first=William|title=Persian, Dari and Tajik|url=http://www.ucis.pitt.edu/nceeer/2005_817_17g_Beeman.pdf|website=[[Brown University]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210857/http://www.ucis.pitt.edu/nceeer/2005_817_17g_Beeman.pdf|archive-date=25 October 2012|access-date=30 March 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite encyclopedia}}</ref> == Aksara == Sabalum masuk Islam ka Iran, urang Parsia mamakai dua ''versi'' hurup di jaman [[Pahlavi]], yaitu hurup nang ''dimodifikasi'' matan [[Basa Aram]], wan ''versi'' nang lain adalah hurup asli lokal nang disambat 'Dindapirak' atawa dalam Basa Parsia Modern disambat 'Din dabireh' (hurup suci). Basa Parsia modern mamakai huruf Arab lawan tambahan 4 huruf gasan manulis 'zh', 'ch', 'p', wan 'g'. == Itihi juwa == * [[Basa Avesta]] * [[Daptar kuyaan juhutan matan basa Parsia dalam basa Indunisia]] == Jujuhutan == <references /> [[Tumbung:Basa Parsia]] an5busielwkjh7qrdf8al7qqf9orotb 110904 110903 2026-05-24T01:54:56Z Wadaihangit 12694 + gambar 110904 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Barakas:S.M Saeed Raza Persian Language poem.jpg|jmpl|Puisi S.M Saeed Raza nang babasa Parsia]] '''Basa Parsia''' ({{Lang|fa|فارسی}}:{{Transliteration|fa|fārsi}}; {{Lang|tg|форсӣ}}:{{Transliteration|tg|forsī}}) adalah basa matan [[Iran]]".<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://digilib.iainkendari.ac.id/2132/1/11.%20Genealogi%20Bahasa%20Arab%20%28Perkembangannya%20sebagai%20Bahasa%20Standar%29-Imelda-2017.Pdf.pdf|title=Genealogi Bahasa Arab: Perkembangannya Sebagai Bahasa Stamdar|last=Wahyuni|first=Imelda|date=2017|publisher=Deepublish|isbn=978-602-453-585-8|location=Sleman|pages=34}}</ref> Basa ngini dipandirakan saban hari lawan ''minoritas'' di Iran, [[Tajikistan]], [[Afganistan]] wan [[Uzbekistan]]. Jumlah pamandirnya kikira 35 juta urang. Di Iran, panduduk asli basa ngini banyaknya kikira 25% matan ''populasi''. Basa matan Afghani sudah banyak takambuh duwa basa-[[Langue|Basa]] kaya [[Mongolia]].<ref>https://www.dailymirror.lk/print/opinion/Collective-resolve-of-regional-and-international-actors-a-glimmer-of-hope-for-Afghans-Air-Chief-Marshal-Bulathsinghala/172-282040</ref>{{Infobox language|name=Parsia|nativename={{lang|fa|فارسی}} ({{transl|fa|fārsi}});|pronunciation={{IPA-fa|fɒːɾˈsiː||Farsi.ogg}}|state=Iran, Afganistan (sawagai [[basa Dari|Dari]]) Tajikistan (sawagai [[basa Tajik|Tajik]]), Uzbekistan (sawagai Tajik), Irak, Turkmenistan, Rusia, Azerbaijan|region=[[Asia Barat]], [[Asia Tangah]], [[Asia Tanggara]]|speakers=kurang labih 97–110 juta|rank=29|familycolor=Indo-European|fam2=[[basa Indo-Iran|Indo-Iran]]|fam3=[[Rumpun basa Iran|Iran]]|fam4=[[Rumpun basa Iran Barat|Iran Barat]]|fam5=[[Rumpun basa Iran Barat Daya|Iran Barat Daya]]|ancestor=[[Basa Parsia Arkais|Parsia Arkais]]|ancestor2=[[Basa Parsia Partangahan|Parsia Partangahan]]|ancestor3=Parsia Hanyar Pamulaan|standards=[[Basa Parsia Iran|Parsia Iran]]<br>[[Basa Parsia Afganistan|Parsia Afganistan]]<br>[[Basa Tajik|Parsia Tajik]]|dialects=[[Basa Parsia Iran|Parsia Iran]]<br>[[Basa Parsia Afganistan|Parsia Afganistan]]<br>[[Basa Tajik|Parsia Tajik]] <br>[[Basa Parsia Bukhari|Bukhari]]<br>[[Basa Parsia Pahlavi|Pahlavi]]<br>[[Basa Parsia Hazara|Hazara]]<br>[[Basa Parsia Aimak|Aimak]]<br>[[Basa Parsia Yahudi|Parsia Yahudi]]<br>[[Dehwari]]<br>[[Basa Parsia Tat|Tat]]<ref name="Windfuhr" /><br>[[Basa Parsia Tat Yahudi|Tat Yahudi]]<ref name="Windfuhr" /><br>[[Basa Parsia Tat Armenia|Tat Armenia]]<ref name="Windfuhr">Windfuhr, Gernot: ''The Iranian Languages'', Routledge 2009, p. 418.</ref>|ethnicity=[[Urang Parsia]]|script=[[Abjad Parsia]] (Iran duwa Afganistan)<br>[[Abjad Tajik]] (Tajikistan)<br>[[Abjad Ibrani]]<br>[[Braille Basa Parsia]]|nation={{flag|Iran}} (sawagai [[Basa Parsia Iran|Basa Parsia]])<br>{{flag|Afganistan}} (sawagai [[Basa Dari]])<br>{{flag|Tajikistan}} (sawagai [[Basa Tajik]])<br>{{flag|Rusia}} (sawagai [[Basa Parsia Tat|Tat]])<ref>[[Constitution of the Republic of Dagestan]]: Chapter I, Article 11: "The state languages of the Republic of Dagestan are Russian and the languages of the peoples of Dagestan."</ref>|agency=[[Akademi basa wan sastra Parsia]]{{br}}[[Akademi Ilmu Pangatahuan Afganistan]]{{br}}[[Institut Basa wan Sastra Rudaki]]|iso1=fa|iso2b=per|iso2t=fas|iso3=fas|lc1=pes|ld1=[[Basa Parsia Iran|Parsia Iran]]|lc2=prs|ld2=[[Basa Dari|Dari]]|lc3=tgk|ld3=[[Basa Tajik|Tajik]]<!--Kode ini dan kode berikut bukan bagian dari bahasa makro per SIL-->|lc4=aiq|ld4=[[Lugat Aimaq|Aimaq]]|lc5=bhh|ld5=[[Basa Parsia Bukhara|Bukhori]]|lc7=haz|ld7=[[Basa Parsia Hazara|Hazaragi]]|lc8=jpr|ld8=[[Basa Parsia Yahudi|Parsia Yahudi]]|lc9=phv|ld9=[[Basa Parsia Pahlavani|Pahlavani]]|lc10=deh|ld10=[[Basa Parsia Dehwari|Dehwari]]|lc11=ttt|ld11=[[Basa Parsia Tat|Tat]]|lc12=jdt|ld12=[[Basa Parsia Tat Yahudi|Tat Yahudi]]|sil=PRS|lingua={{longitem|58-AAC (Persia)<br />{{nowrap| > 58-AAC-c (Persia Tengah)}}}}|image=S.M Saeed Raza Persian Language poem.jpg|imagesize=100px|imagecaption=(''Fārsi'' ditulis dalam kaligrafi Parsia ([[Nasta'līq]])|map=Persian Language Location Map.svg{{!}}border|map2=Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan.svg{{!}}border|mapcaption=Wilayah nang jumlah nusianya nang signifikan nang basa pamulaannya iyalah Basa Parsia (tamasuk lugat)|mapcaption2=Wilayah nang basa Persia sawagai basa rasmi (nang habang)|caption=Puisi S.M Saeed Raza nang babasa Parsia|photo=S.M Saeed Raza Persian Language poem.jpg}} == Ngaran == Kuyaan Parsia dijuhut matan [[Bahasa Latin|Basa Latin]]: ''{{Lang|la|Persia}}'', nang dijuhut matan [[Basa Yunani Arkais|Basa Yunani]] [[Basa Yunani Arkais|Arkais]]: Persís ({{Lang|grc|Περσίς}}),<ref>{{LSJ|*persi/s|Περσίς|ref}}</ref> yaitu bantukan ''helenisasi'' matan {{Transliteration|peo|Pārsa}} dalam [[Basa Parsia Arkais|Basa Parsia]] [[Basa Parsia Arkais|Arkais]] nang baarti "Parsia" (sabuting wilayah di Iran, nang luasnya handak barataan [[Prupinsi Fars]]). Farsi iyalah [[endonim]] gasan basa ngini, wan rancak juwa dipakai dalam basa-basa lain. Tagal, [[Akademi Basa wan Sastra Parsia]] manyambat bahwa kuyaan Parsia sabaiknya kada dipakai dalam basa asing, lawan juwa manyaranakan mamakai kuyaan nang tarancak dipakai wan tadangar urang badahulu sahari-hari atawa sudah mapan dalam basa lain marga sawagai tanda ''peran'' Basa Parsia nang bapangaruh banar lawan basa lain.<ref>{{Cite web|date=16 December 1997|title=Persian or Farsi?|url=http://www.iranian.com/Features/Dec97/Persian/|publisher=Iranian|access-date=23 December 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fársi: 'Recently appeared language!'|url=http://www.persiandirect.com/articles/2004/july/id_00003.htm|publisher=Persiandirect|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303191652/http://www.persiandirect.com/articles/2004/july/id_00003.htm|archive-date=3 March 2016|access-date=23 December 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Persian or Fársi?|url=http://www.persiandirect.com/articles/2004/july/id_00001.htm|publisher=Persiandirect|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915195418/http://www.persiandirect.com/articles/2004/july/id_00001.htm|archive-date=15 September 2016|access-date=23 December 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|date=Spring 1995|editor-last=Samī‘ī Gīlānī|editor-first=Aḥmad|title=متنِ اعلامِ نظرِ شورای فرهنگستانِ زبان و ادبِ فارسی درباره‌ی کاربردِ Farsi به جای Persian در مکاتباتِ وزارتِ امورِ خارجه|url=http://www.persianacademy.ir/UserFiles/image/naame01.pdf|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Academy of Persian Language and Literature|language=Persian|location=Tehran|volume=1|issue=1|page=152|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304035325/http://www.persianacademy.ir/UserFiles/image/naame01.pdf|archive-date=2016-03-04|access-date=2012-02-16}}</ref> == Sajarah == Basa Parsia iya sabuting cabang matan basa Indo-Iran. Ahli Basa wan sajarawan yakin bahwa parkambangan Basa Parsia malalui tahapan-tahapan nangkaya ini: * Basa Parsia Arkais (c. 600-300 SM).<ref>{{Cite web|date=June 15, 2007|title=Everyday text shows that Old Persian was probably more commonly used than previously thought|url=http://www-news.uchicago.edu/releases/07/070615.oldpersian.shtml|publisher=University of Chicago News Office (archived)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016070202/http://www-news.uchicago.edu/releases/07/070615.oldpersian.shtml|archive-date=2017-10-16}}</ref> * Basa Parsia Partangahan (c. 300 SM-651 M).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Noda|first=Keigou|year=1983|title=Ergativity in Middle Persian|journal=Gengo Kenkyu|volume=84|pages=105–125|doi=10.11435/gengo1939.1983.84_105}}</ref> * Basa Parsia Hanyar (651-wayahini).{{Sfn|Lazard|1975}} == Lugat wan parian == Basa Parsia baisi talu lugat baku: * [[Basa Parsia Iran|Parsia Iran]] (atawa "Parsia Barat") dipandirakan di [[Iran|Ripublik Islam Iran]] wan ''minoritas'' di [[Irak]] lawan juwa di nagara-nagara pasisir [[Taluk Parsia]]. * [[Basa Parsia Afganistan|Parsia Afganistan]] (disambat jua "Parsia Timur", atawa "Dari") dipandirakan di Afganistan. * [[Basa Tajik|Parsia Tajik]] (nang disambat jua "Tajik") dipandirakan di [[Tajikistan]] wan [[Uzbekistan]]. Lugat ngini ditulis dalam [[abjad Sirilik]]. Ada juwa sapalih lugat lokal matan Iran, Afganistan, wan Tajikistan nang sadikit balain matan Basa Parsia Baku. [[Basa Parsia Hazara|Dialék Hazara]] (di Afganistan tangah wan Pakistan), lugat Tat wan ragam Tat Yahudi di pagunungan [[Kaukasus]], Darwazi (di Afganistan wan Tajikistan), Basseri (di Iran selatan), wan lugat Teheran. Pamandir Parsia Afghanistan wan Tajik baisi pangatahuan nang paningginya, dibandingakan lawan lugat Parsia di Iran.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Beeman|first=William|title=Persian, Dari and Tajik|url=http://www.ucis.pitt.edu/nceeer/2005_817_17g_Beeman.pdf|website=[[Brown University]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210857/http://www.ucis.pitt.edu/nceeer/2005_817_17g_Beeman.pdf|archive-date=25 October 2012|access-date=30 March 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite encyclopedia}}</ref> == Aksara == Sabalum masuk Islam ka Iran, urang Parsia mamakai dua ''versi'' hurup di jaman [[Pahlavi]], yaitu hurup nang ''dimodifikasi'' matan [[Basa Aram]], wan ''versi'' nang lain adalah hurup asli lokal nang disambat 'Dindapirak' atawa dalam Basa Parsia Modern disambat 'Din dabireh' (hurup suci). Basa Parsia modern mamakai huruf Arab lawan tambahan 4 huruf gasan manulis 'zh', 'ch', 'p', wan 'g'. == Itihi juwa == * [[Basa Avesta]] * [[Daptar kuyaan juhutan matan basa Parsia dalam basa Indunisia]] == Jujuhutan == <references /> [[Tumbung:Basa Parsia]] qooa3qbsqfuttzc8yq5oypzocl0e58h 14 38610 110896 2026-05-23T13:44:34Z Exagren 2936 new cat 110896 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Tumbung:Citakan kampung/kalurahan di Kalimantan Timur|Kutai Barat]] cijcl76xfl762c274c787e6b0unk5um 10 38611 110897 2026-05-23T13:45:29Z Ezagren 143 citakan hanyar 110897 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navigasi ID Desa |prupinsi = Kalimantan Timur |dati2 = Kabupatin |ngaran dati2= Kutai Barat |kacamatan = Damai |d1 = Benung |d2 = Bermai |d3 = Besiq |d4 = Damai Kota |d5 = Damai Seberang |d6 = Jengan Danum |d7 = Keay |d8 = Kelian |d9 = Lumpat Dahuq |d10= Mantar |d11= Mendika |d12= Muara Bomboy |d13= Muara Nilik |d14= Muara Nyahing |d15= Muara Tokong |d16= Sempatn |d17= Tepulang }}<noinclude> {{RefDagri|2022}} {{Collapsible option}} [[Tumbung:Citakan kampung/kalurahan di Kabupatin Kutai Barat|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Tumbung:Damai, Kutai Barat|τ]]</noinclude> 57hh7h7o1zsfy3agwb7gg3cou1n08gc 3 38612 110899 2026-05-24T00:42:08Z Rachmat04 3620 Rachmat04 maugahakan laman [[Pamandiran Pamakai:Ratri Ayumsari]] ka [[Pamandiran Pamakai:Senantiasaderana]]: Sacara utumatis mamindahakan laman wayah mangganti ngaran pamakai "[[Special:CentralAuth/Ratri Ayumsari|Ratri Ayumsari]]" manjadi "[[Special:CentralAuth/Senantiasaderana|Senantiasaderana]]" 110899 wikitext text/x-wiki #ALIH [[Pamandiran Pamakai:Senantiasaderana]] 3o2vymhvpefnt12zwnirj6swu6flt2u 0 38613 110900 2026-05-24T01:05:59Z Wadaihangit 12694 Wiki Loves Iran 2026 110900 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox building | name = Borj-e Milad | native_name = برج میلاد | alternate_name = Manara Teheran | logo = | logo_size = 100px | image = Park Entrance - panoramio.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = Menara Teheran, 2016 | status = {{Color|Green|Tuntung}} | location = {{flagicon|Iran}} [[Teheran]], [[Iran]] | coordinates = {{coord|35|44|41|N|51|22|31|E|region:IR|display=inline,title}} | start_date = 2000 | completion_date = 2007 | opening = 7 Uktubir 2008 | building_type = Telekomunikasi, komersial, restoran, [[Manara observasi|observasi]] | height = | antenna_spire = {{convert|435.0|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | roof = {{convert|315.0|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | top_floor = {{convert|312.0|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | floor_count = 12 | elevator_count = 6 | cost = | floor_area = {{convert|154.000|sqm|abbr=on}} | architect = Mohammad Reza Hāfezi | structural_engineer = | main_contractor = [http://bolandpayeh.com/ Boland Payeh Co.] | developer = | owner = | management = [http://bolandpayeh.com/ Boland Payeh Co.] | website = [http://tehranmiladtower.ir Situs rasmi] | references = <ref name="skyscraper">{{cite web|title=Borj-e Milad, Tehran - SkyscraperPage.com|url=http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=6767|publisher=Skyscraperpage.com|access-date=2012-12-29}}</ref><ref name="iitk">{{cite web|last=Zafarani|first=H.|title=Seismic Response Analysis of Milad Tower in Tehran, Iran|url=http://www.iitk.ac.in/nicee/wcee/article/14_05-01-0449.pdf|publisher=Iitk.ac.in|access-date=2012-12-29}}</ref><ref name="emporis"/> }} '''Borj-e Milad''' ([[basa Parsia]]: برج میلاد, ''Borj e Milād''), nang disambat juwa '''Manara Teheran''' (basa Parsia: برج تهران, ''Borj e Tehrān''),<ref name="emporis">{{Cite web|title=Milad Tower {{!}} Buildings|url=http://www.emporis.com/building/miladtower-tehran-iran|publisher=Emporis.com|access-date=2012-12-29}}</ref> iyalah [[manara]] sarabaguna di [[Teheran]], [[Iran]]. Manara ngini iya manara paningginya ka-6<ref name="NBN Nasl Bartar Novin">{{Cite web|date=n.d.|title=Milad Tower, a perfect product for a perfect project|url=http://www.nbn.ir/viewer.php?id=15|publisher=NBN (Nasl Bartar Novin)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091117010931/http://www.nbn.ir/viewer.php?id=15|archive-date=November 17, 2009|access-date=2009-09-10}}</ref> wan struktur badiri bibas paningginya ka-24 di dunia.<ref>Andrew Burke, Mark Elliott.</ref> Manara ngini andakannya di [[Kuta Gharb|Kuta Gharb,]] distrik Gisha, tingginya 435 m matan bawahnya sampai ka hujung antina.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2009-09-08|title=Iran Opens World's 4th Highest Telecoms Tower|url=http://www.cellular-news.com/story/34027.php|publisher=Cellular-News|access-date=2009-10-05}}</ref> Manara ngini iya juwa bagian matan Pusat Pardagangan Antarbangsa wan ''Konvensi'' Teheran, nang juwa tamasuk ''hotel'' bintang lima, pusat ''konvensi'', pusat pardagangan dunia, wan taman IT.<ref name="skyscraper"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="167">[http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=6767 "Borj-e Milad, Tehran - SkyscraperPage.com"]. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="168">Skyscraperpage.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. </span></span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="169"><span class="reference-accessdate">Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2012-12-29</span></span>.</span></cite></ref><ref name="iitk"><templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><cite class="citation web cs1" id="CITEREFZafarani">Zafarani, H. [http://www.iitk.ac.in/nicee/wcee/article/14_05-01-0449.pdf "Seismic Response Analysis of Milad Tower in Tehran, Iran"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. </cite></ref><ref name="emporis2">{{Cite web|title=Milad Tower {{!}} Buildings|url=http://www.emporis.com/building/miladtower-tehran-iran|publisher=Emporis.com|access-date=2012-12-29}}</ref> == Sajarah == === Latar balakang === Manara [[Teheran]] iya bagian matan ''proyek'' Shahestan Pahlavi, nang mangganali kuta gasan pamarintahan hanyar wan pusat pardagangan gasan [[Teheran]], nang dirancang wayah 1970-an tagal kada suah kajadian, kacuali Manara sabutin nih. Imbah dituraikan antarbangsa, ''proyek'' ngitu dibariakan ka Parusahaan Llewely Davies, wan pambangunannya dirasmiakan wayah 19 Agustus 1975, lawan [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|Shah Iran]] wan Walikuta Teheran [[Gholamreza Nikpey]] ada mamatak plakat emas gasan manikasi ari parasmian.<ref>Shahestan Pahlavi.</ref> Ihwal lain nang maulah pambangunan manara ngini, dimulai imbah [[Revolusi Iran|revolusi 1979]], sababnya pamarintahan Iran nang hanyar handak maulah simbol hanyar gasan Teheran gasan manggantiiakan [[Manara Azadi]] nang dianggap buhannya simbol pamarintahan Pahlavi. === Pambangunan === Pambangunan manara dimulai wayah 1997. Imbah tuntung pambangunannya di tangah-tangah 2000-an, Manara Teheran dianggap jadi manara ''telekomunikasi'' nang badiri bibas ka-4 di dunia.<ref name="emporis3">{{Cite web|title=Milad Tower {{!}} Buildings|url=http://www.emporis.com/building/miladtower-tehran-iran|publisher=Emporis.com|access-date=2012-12-29}}</ref> ''Desain proyek'' ngini dikapalai lawan ''arsitek'' Iran Mohammad Reza Hafezi. ''Kontraktor'' umum nang manggawi matan parusahaan Boland Payeh,lawan ''klien'' duwa ''investor'' utamanya iya parusahaan Yadman Sazeh, parwakilan matan Kuta Teheran.<ref name="iitk2"><templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><cite class="citation web cs1" id="CITEREFZafarani">Zafarani, H. [http://www.iitk.ac.in/nicee/wcee/article/14_05-01-0449.pdf "Seismic Response Analysis of Milad Tower in Tehran, Iran"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. </cite></ref> == Album == <gallery> Barakas:Tochal_and_Milad_Tower_from_Chitgar_Park.jpg|[[Tochal|Gunung Tochal]] wan Manara Teheran dijanak matan [[Taman Chitgar]]. Barakas:Towers_in_Tehran_City_at_night.jpg|Manara Teheran tajanak matan [[Shahrak-e Gharb|Kota Qarb]]. Barakas:Tehran_highway_at_night.jpg|Manara Teheran tatiring matan [[Jalan Tol Hemmat]]. Barakas:Vista_de_Teherán_desde_la_Torre_Milad,_Irán,_2016-09-17,_DD_76.jpg|Kuta Teheran dilihat matan atas Manara Teheran. Barakas:Tochal_view_from_Milad_Tower.jpg|Pamandangan Manara Teheran ka kuta wan pagunungan. </gallery> == Jujuhutan == <references /> 7bmn1g34oiyf4nt6u9v3v4zfiaer16v 110901 110900 2026-05-24T01:09:49Z Wadaihangit 12694 Manambah [[:Tumbung:Manara di Iran|Tumbung:Manara di Iran]] mamakai [[WP:HC|HotCat]] 110901 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox building | name = Borj-e Milad | native_name = برج میلاد | alternate_name = Manara Teheran | logo = | logo_size = 100px | image = Park Entrance - panoramio.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = Menara Teheran, 2016 | status = {{Color|Green|Tuntung}} | location = {{flagicon|Iran}} [[Teheran]], [[Iran]] | coordinates = {{coord|35|44|41|N|51|22|31|E|region:IR|display=inline,title}} | start_date = 2000 | completion_date = 2007 | opening = 7 Uktubir 2008 | building_type = Telekomunikasi, komersial, restoran, [[Manara observasi|observasi]] | height = | antenna_spire = {{convert|435.0|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | roof = {{convert|315.0|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | top_floor = {{convert|312.0|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | floor_count = 12 | elevator_count = 6 | cost = | floor_area = {{convert|154.000|sqm|abbr=on}} | architect = Mohammad Reza Hāfezi | structural_engineer = | main_contractor = [http://bolandpayeh.com/ Boland Payeh Co.] | developer = | owner = | management = [http://bolandpayeh.com/ Boland Payeh Co.] | website = [http://tehranmiladtower.ir Situs rasmi] | references = <ref name="skyscraper">{{cite web|title=Borj-e Milad, Tehran - SkyscraperPage.com|url=http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=6767|publisher=Skyscraperpage.com|access-date=2012-12-29}}</ref><ref name="iitk">{{cite web|last=Zafarani|first=H.|title=Seismic Response Analysis of Milad Tower in Tehran, Iran|url=http://www.iitk.ac.in/nicee/wcee/article/14_05-01-0449.pdf|publisher=Iitk.ac.in|access-date=2012-12-29}}</ref><ref name="emporis"/> }} '''Borj-e Milad''' ([[basa Parsia]]: برج میلاد, ''Borj e Milād''), nang disambat juwa '''Manara Teheran''' (basa Parsia: برج تهران, ''Borj e Tehrān''),<ref name="emporis">{{Cite web|title=Milad Tower {{!}} Buildings|url=http://www.emporis.com/building/miladtower-tehran-iran|publisher=Emporis.com|access-date=2012-12-29}}</ref> iyalah [[manara]] sarabaguna di [[Teheran]], [[Iran]]. Manara ngini iya manara paningginya ka-6<ref name="NBN Nasl Bartar Novin">{{Cite web|date=n.d.|title=Milad Tower, a perfect product for a perfect project|url=http://www.nbn.ir/viewer.php?id=15|publisher=NBN (Nasl Bartar Novin)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091117010931/http://www.nbn.ir/viewer.php?id=15|archive-date=November 17, 2009|access-date=2009-09-10}}</ref> wan struktur badiri bibas paningginya ka-24 di dunia.<ref>Andrew Burke, Mark Elliott.</ref> Manara ngini andakannya di [[Kuta Gharb|Kuta Gharb,]] distrik Gisha, tingginya 435 m matan bawahnya sampai ka hujung antina.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2009-09-08|title=Iran Opens World's 4th Highest Telecoms Tower|url=http://www.cellular-news.com/story/34027.php|publisher=Cellular-News|access-date=2009-10-05}}</ref> Manara ngini iya juwa bagian matan Pusat Pardagangan Antarbangsa wan ''Konvensi'' Teheran, nang juwa tamasuk ''hotel'' bintang lima, pusat ''konvensi'', pusat pardagangan dunia, wan taman IT.<ref name="skyscraper"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="167">[http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=6767 "Borj-e Milad, Tehran - SkyscraperPage.com"]. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="168">Skyscraperpage.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. </span></span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="169"><span class="reference-accessdate">Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2012-12-29</span></span>.</span></cite></ref><ref name="iitk"><templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><cite class="citation web cs1" id="CITEREFZafarani">Zafarani, H. [http://www.iitk.ac.in/nicee/wcee/article/14_05-01-0449.pdf "Seismic Response Analysis of Milad Tower in Tehran, Iran"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. </cite></ref><ref name="emporis2">{{Cite web|title=Milad Tower {{!}} Buildings|url=http://www.emporis.com/building/miladtower-tehran-iran|publisher=Emporis.com|access-date=2012-12-29}}</ref> == Sajarah == === Latar balakang === Manara [[Teheran]] iya bagian matan ''proyek'' Shahestan Pahlavi, nang mangganali kuta gasan pamarintahan hanyar wan pusat pardagangan gasan [[Teheran]], nang dirancang wayah 1970-an tagal kada suah kajadian, kacuali Manara sabutin nih. Imbah dituraikan antarbangsa, ''proyek'' ngitu dibariakan ka Parusahaan Llewely Davies, wan pambangunannya dirasmiakan wayah 19 Agustus 1975, lawan [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|Shah Iran]] wan Walikuta Teheran [[Gholamreza Nikpey]] ada mamatak plakat emas gasan manikasi ari parasmian.<ref>Shahestan Pahlavi.</ref> Ihwal lain nang maulah pambangunan manara ngini, dimulai imbah [[Revolusi Iran|revolusi 1979]], sababnya pamarintahan Iran nang hanyar handak maulah simbol hanyar gasan Teheran gasan manggantiiakan [[Manara Azadi]] nang dianggap buhannya simbol pamarintahan Pahlavi. === Pambangunan === Pambangunan manara dimulai wayah 1997. Imbah tuntung pambangunannya di tangah-tangah 2000-an, Manara Teheran dianggap jadi manara ''telekomunikasi'' nang badiri bibas ka-4 di dunia.<ref name="emporis3">{{Cite web|title=Milad Tower {{!}} Buildings|url=http://www.emporis.com/building/miladtower-tehran-iran|publisher=Emporis.com|access-date=2012-12-29}}</ref> ''Desain proyek'' ngini dikapalai lawan ''arsitek'' Iran Mohammad Reza Hafezi. ''Kontraktor'' umum nang manggawi matan parusahaan Boland Payeh,lawan ''klien'' duwa ''investor'' utamanya iya parusahaan Yadman Sazeh, parwakilan matan Kuta Teheran.<ref name="iitk2"><templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><cite class="citation web cs1" id="CITEREFZafarani">Zafarani, H. [http://www.iitk.ac.in/nicee/wcee/article/14_05-01-0449.pdf "Seismic Response Analysis of Milad Tower in Tehran, Iran"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. </cite></ref> == Album == <gallery> Barakas:Tochal_and_Milad_Tower_from_Chitgar_Park.jpg|[[Tochal|Gunung Tochal]] wan Manara Teheran dijanak matan [[Taman Chitgar]]. Barakas:Towers_in_Tehran_City_at_night.jpg|Manara Teheran tajanak matan [[Shahrak-e Gharb|Kota Qarb]]. Barakas:Tehran_highway_at_night.jpg|Manara Teheran tatiring matan [[Jalan Tol Hemmat]]. Barakas:Vista_de_Teherán_desde_la_Torre_Milad,_Irán,_2016-09-17,_DD_76.jpg|Kuta Teheran dilihat matan atas Manara Teheran. Barakas:Tochal_view_from_Milad_Tower.jpg|Pamandangan Manara Teheran ka kuta wan pagunungan. </gallery> == Jujuhutan == <references /> [[Tumbung:Manara di Iran]] 4rmhytn6c2bjv2jy6m8j3syc2nxlkor 0 38614 110902 2026-05-24T01:49:27Z Wadaihangit 12694 Wiki Loves Iran 2026 110902 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Parsia''' atawa '''Parsi''' iyalah urang nang tamasuk dalam bubuhan Bangsa [[Iran]], mamakai [[basa Parsia]] lawan juwa baisi parsamaan budaya lawan bubuhan Bangsa Iran nang lain. Bubuhan ngini banyak badiam di Iran wan ada juwa mangganai di sapalih nagara lain nangkaya [[Amirika Sarikat]], [[Kuwait]], [[Turki]], [[Syarikat Amiriah Arab|Uni Emirat Arab]], [[Irak]] lawan juwa sapalih nagara di [[Timur Tangah]]. == Sajarah == Urang Parsia adalah katurunan bubuhan [[Arya]] nang hijrah matan [[Asia Tengah]] ka [[Iran]] rahatan milenium kadua sabalum Masehi (BC).<ref>http://wwwa.britannica.com/eb/article-230041?tocId=230041{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref>Bahman Firuzmandi "''Mad, Hakhamanishi, Ashkani, Sasani''" m/s. 20</ref> Bubuhan Arya ngini imbahtu tabagi dua jadi Bubuhan Parsia wan Bubuhan [[Media (bangsa)|Media]], nang buhannya imbahtu bakambuh duwa urang-urang kaya Elam.<ref name="Columbia">{{Cite web|title=Iran. ''The Columbia Encyclopedia'', Edisi ke enam. 2001-05|url=http://www.bartleby.com/65/ir/Iran.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090301052047/http://bartleby.com/65/ir/Iran.html|archive-date=2009-03-01|dead-url=yes|access-date=2007-07-01}}</ref><ref>Bahman Firuzmandi "''Mad, Hakhamanishi, Ashkani, Sasani''" m/s. 12-19</ref> Tumatan sini, [[basa Parsia]] wan basa Iran lainnya cungul. Muasal sajarah tatulis panambayan ihwal urang Parsia ngini iya prasasti Assyrian ([[834 SM]]), nang di dalam prasasti nitu ada tasambat ihwal urang ''Parsua'' (Parsia) wan Muddai (Media) <ref>Abdolhossein Zarinkoob "''Ruzgaran: tarikh-i Iran az aghz ta saqut saltnat Pahlvi''" m/s. 37</ref><ref>Bahman Firuzmandi "''Mad, Hakhamanishi, Ashkani, Sasani''" m/s. 155</ref> Pas ngitu, urang Assyrian mamakai kuyaan 'Parsua' gasan manyambat urang-urang di Iran. Lalu ai urang [[Yunani]] maumpati kuyaan ngini gasan manyambat ngaran paradaban matan Iran. Pas urang Parsia masuk Islam, urang Arab manyahuti urang-urang tu 'Pars' karana abjad 'P' kadada di tulisan Arab. Wilayah Parsia imbah nitu dikuasai lawan babarapa karajaan nang maulah kakaisaran nang kuat. Di antara kakaisaran ngini adalah kakaisaran Parsia nangkaya [[Akhemeniyah|Akhemenid]], [[Parthia]], [[Sassania]], [[Dinasti Buwaihi|Buwaihidah]] wan [[Dinasti Samaniyah|Samania]]. Kakaisaran Parsia nang suah mamarintah iya [[Seleukus]], [[Ummayyah]], [[Abbasiyyah|Abbasiyah]], [[Turki Seljuk]], [[Dinasti Afshariyah|Afshariyah]] wan Qajar. == Basa Parsia == Basa Parsia iya sabuting basa tuha di dunia nang masih ada sampai wayahini. Basa Parsia juwa tapandang marga tradisi sastranya wan sastrawan-sastrawannya nang tapandang wan babakat. Di antaranya yaitu [[Hafez (seniman)|Hafez]], [[Ferdowsi]], Khayyam, Attar, Saadi, [[Nezami]], [[Roudaki]] wan jua Rumi. Basa ngini tamasuk dalam kulaan basa [[Bahasa-bahasa Indo-Eropa|Indo-Eropa]] wan jadi basa rasmi di [[Iran]]. Basa Parsia juwa umpat maulah sapalih [[basa Indunisia]], dalam hal ngini nangkaya ngaran pawadahan nang tiba tumatan ngaran tampat Parsia dukanu, kaya Johansyah (Johan Shah) wan Firmansyah. Salain nitu, sapalih kuyaan Parsia nang lain taumpat dibuati ka basa Indunisia nangkaya [[anggur]], [[kuil]], [[bandar]], [[manara]], ratna (rakna), jahanam, ''topan'' (tufan), waswas, dll. == Agama == Paradaban Parsia hudah mamutusakan talu agama utama yaitu [[Zoroastrianisme]], [[Manikeanisme]], wan [[Bahá'í]]. Agama lain tamasuk [[Mazdak]] wan [[Manikeanisme]] nang kaduanya sacara kada langsung mampangaruhi agama Karistin: kadua-duanya tiba tumatan agama [[Zoroastrianisme]]. Wayahini, banyak urang pintar mandabatakan ihwal agama nang cungul sabalumnya, [[Zoroastrianisme]] atawa Yahudi. Tagal, buhannya hudah akur bahwa [[Zoroastrianisme]] datang sabalumnya tabila diambil matan pandangan [[angelologi]] (doktrin ihwal malaikat), [[demonologi]] (doktorin ihwal ''setan'') wan doktrin ihwal kiamat wan musibah alam.<ref>[http://jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=147&letter=Z&search=zoroaster JewishEncyclopedia.com - Zoroastrianisme]</ref> Wahini, banyak urang Parsia umpat ka Syi'ah wan ada juwa bubuhan Islam (aliran [[Sunnah Waljamaah]]), [[Zoroastrianisme]], Kristen, Yahudi, wan [[Bahá'í]] tagal kada banyak urangnya. Ada juwa [[Atéisma|ateis]] wan [[agnostik]]. Urang Parsia mulai masuk Islam kikira wayah [[637]] - [[651]]. Parihal ngini baraitan lawan ''penyebaran'' Islam wayah [[Kakhalifahan Rasyidin|Khulafa'ur Rasyidin]]. == Urang Parsia di saluruh dunia == * [[Iran]] - 22.986.329 (2005) [[Barakas:Flag_of_Iran.svg|25x25px|Iran]] * [[Bahrain]] - 94.460 (2005) [[Barakas:Flag_of_Bahrain.svg|25x25px|Bahrain]] * [[Australia]] - 27.095 (2005) [[Barakas:Flag_of_Australia.svg|25x25px|Australia]] * [[Austria]] - 11.465 (2005) [[Barakas:Flag_of_Austria.svg|25x25px|Austria]] * [[Azerbaijan]] - 1.160 (2005) [[Barakas:Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg|25x25px|Azerbaijan]] == Jujuhutan == <references /> 759h3xw41ike20xilpwzyzig8ax6ykj 110905 110902 2026-05-24T01:55:15Z Wadaihangit 12694 + gambar 110905 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Barakas:A Persian nobleman riding with his servant and smoking a hoo Wellcome V0019097.jpg|jmpl|Bangsawan Parsia bakuda baduwa palayannya sambil baruku]] '''Parsia''' atawa '''Parsi''' iyalah urang nang tamasuk dalam bubuhan Bangsa [[Iran]], mamakai [[basa Parsia]] lawan juwa baisi parsamaan budaya lawan bubuhan Bangsa Iran nang lain. Bubuhan ngini banyak badiam di Iran wan ada juwa mangganai di sapalih nagara lain nangkaya [[Amirika Sarikat]], [[Kuwait]], [[Turki]], [[Syarikat Amiriah Arab|Uni Emirat Arab]], [[Irak]] lawan juwa sapalih nagara di [[Timur Tangah]]. == Sajarah == Urang Parsia adalah katurunan bubuhan [[Arya]] nang hijrah matan [[Asia Tengah]] ka [[Iran]] rahatan milenium kadua sabalum Masehi (BC).<ref>http://wwwa.britannica.com/eb/article-230041?tocId=230041{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref>Bahman Firuzmandi "''Mad, Hakhamanishi, Ashkani, Sasani''" m/s. 20</ref> Bubuhan Arya ngini imbahtu tabagi dua jadi Bubuhan Parsia wan Bubuhan [[Media (bangsa)|Media]], nang buhannya imbahtu bakambuh duwa urang-urang kaya Elam.<ref name="Columbia">{{Cite web|title=Iran. ''The Columbia Encyclopedia'', Edisi ke enam. 2001-05|url=http://www.bartleby.com/65/ir/Iran.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090301052047/http://bartleby.com/65/ir/Iran.html|archive-date=2009-03-01|dead-url=yes|access-date=2007-07-01}}</ref><ref>Bahman Firuzmandi "''Mad, Hakhamanishi, Ashkani, Sasani''" m/s. 12-19</ref> Tumatan sini, [[basa Parsia]] wan basa Iran lainnya cungul. Muasal sajarah tatulis panambayan ihwal urang Parsia ngini iya prasasti Assyrian ([[834 SM]]), nang di dalam prasasti nitu ada tasambat ihwal urang ''Parsua'' (Parsia) wan Muddai (Media) <ref>Abdolhossein Zarinkoob "''Ruzgaran: tarikh-i Iran az aghz ta saqut saltnat Pahlvi''" m/s. 37</ref><ref>Bahman Firuzmandi "''Mad, Hakhamanishi, Ashkani, Sasani''" m/s. 155</ref> Pas ngitu, urang Assyrian mamakai kuyaan 'Parsua' gasan manyambat urang-urang di Iran. Lalu ai urang [[Yunani]] maumpati kuyaan ngini gasan manyambat ngaran paradaban matan Iran. Pas urang Parsia masuk Islam, urang Arab manyahuti urang-urang tu 'Pars' karana abjad 'P' kadada di tulisan Arab. Wilayah Parsia imbah nitu dikuasai lawan babarapa karajaan nang maulah kakaisaran nang kuat. Di antara kakaisaran ngini adalah kakaisaran Parsia nangkaya [[Akhemeniyah|Akhemenid]], [[Parthia]], [[Sassania]], [[Dinasti Buwaihi|Buwaihidah]] wan [[Dinasti Samaniyah|Samania]]. Kakaisaran Parsia nang suah mamarintah iya [[Seleukus]], [[Ummayyah]], [[Abbasiyyah|Abbasiyah]], [[Turki Seljuk]], [[Dinasti Afshariyah|Afshariyah]] wan Qajar. == Basa Parsia == Basa Parsia iya sabuting basa tuha di dunia nang masih ada sampai wayahini. Basa Parsia juwa tapandang marga tradisi sastranya wan sastrawan-sastrawannya nang tapandang wan babakat. Di antaranya yaitu [[Hafez (seniman)|Hafez]], [[Ferdowsi]], Khayyam, Attar, Saadi, [[Nezami]], [[Roudaki]] wan jua Rumi. Basa ngini tamasuk dalam kulaan basa [[Bahasa-bahasa Indo-Eropa|Indo-Eropa]] wan jadi basa rasmi di [[Iran]]. Basa Parsia juwa umpat maulah sapalih [[basa Indunisia]], dalam hal ngini nangkaya ngaran pawadahan nang tiba tumatan ngaran tampat Parsia dukanu, kaya Johansyah (Johan Shah) wan Firmansyah. Salain nitu, sapalih kuyaan Parsia nang lain taumpat dibuati ka basa Indunisia nangkaya [[anggur]], [[kuil]], [[bandar]], [[manara]], ratna (rakna), jahanam, ''topan'' (tufan), waswas, dll. == Agama == Paradaban Parsia hudah mamutusakan talu agama utama yaitu [[Zoroastrianisme]], [[Manikeanisme]], wan [[Bahá'í]]. Agama lain tamasuk [[Mazdak]] wan [[Manikeanisme]] nang kaduanya sacara kada langsung mampangaruhi agama Karistin: kadua-duanya tiba tumatan agama [[Zoroastrianisme]]. Wayahini, banyak urang pintar mandabatakan ihwal agama nang cungul sabalumnya, [[Zoroastrianisme]] atawa Yahudi. Tagal, buhannya hudah akur bahwa [[Zoroastrianisme]] datang sabalumnya tabila diambil matan pandangan [[angelologi]] (doktrin ihwal malaikat), [[demonologi]] (doktorin ihwal ''setan'') wan doktrin ihwal kiamat wan musibah alam.<ref>[http://jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=147&letter=Z&search=zoroaster JewishEncyclopedia.com - Zoroastrianisme]</ref> Wahini, banyak urang Parsia umpat ka Syi'ah wan ada juwa bubuhan Islam (aliran [[Sunnah Waljamaah]]), [[Zoroastrianisme]], Kristen, Yahudi, wan [[Bahá'í]] tagal kada banyak urangnya. Ada juwa [[Atéisma|ateis]] wan [[agnostik]]. Urang Parsia mulai masuk Islam kikira wayah [[637]] - [[651]]. Parihal ngini baraitan lawan ''penyebaran'' Islam wayah [[Kakhalifahan Rasyidin|Khulafa'ur Rasyidin]]. == Urang Parsia di saluruh dunia == * [[Iran]] - 22.986.329 (2005) [[Barakas:Flag_of_Iran.svg|25x25px|Iran]] * [[Bahrain]] - 94.460 (2005) [[Barakas:Flag_of_Bahrain.svg|25x25px|Bahrain]] * [[Australia]] - 27.095 (2005) [[Barakas:Flag_of_Australia.svg|25x25px|Australia]] * [[Austria]] - 11.465 (2005) [[Barakas:Flag_of_Austria.svg|25x25px|Austria]] * [[Azerbaijan]] - 1.160 (2005) [[Barakas:Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg|25x25px|Azerbaijan]] == Jujuhutan == <references /> dnttrjpofmlp675mbne7mc9xkilnqcz 110906 110905 2026-05-24T01:58:54Z Wadaihangit 12694 +[[Tumbung:Urang Iran]]; +[[Tumbung:Bubuhan Iran]]; +[[Tumbung:Urang Parsia]] mamakai [[WP:HC|HotCat]] 110906 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Barakas:A Persian nobleman riding with his servant and smoking a hoo Wellcome V0019097.jpg|jmpl|Bangsawan Parsia bakuda baduwa palayannya sambil baruku]] '''Parsia''' atawa '''Parsi''' iyalah urang nang tamasuk dalam bubuhan Bangsa [[Iran]], mamakai [[basa Parsia]] lawan juwa baisi parsamaan budaya lawan bubuhan Bangsa Iran nang lain. Bubuhan ngini banyak badiam di Iran wan ada juwa mangganai di sapalih nagara lain nangkaya [[Amirika Sarikat]], [[Kuwait]], [[Turki]], [[Syarikat Amiriah Arab|Uni Emirat Arab]], [[Irak]] lawan juwa sapalih nagara di [[Timur Tangah]]. == Sajarah == Urang Parsia adalah katurunan bubuhan [[Arya]] nang hijrah matan [[Asia Tengah]] ka [[Iran]] rahatan milenium kadua sabalum Masehi (BC).<ref>http://wwwa.britannica.com/eb/article-230041?tocId=230041{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref>Bahman Firuzmandi "''Mad, Hakhamanishi, Ashkani, Sasani''" m/s. 20</ref> Bubuhan Arya ngini imbahtu tabagi dua jadi Bubuhan Parsia wan Bubuhan [[Media (bangsa)|Media]], nang buhannya imbahtu bakambuh duwa urang-urang kaya Elam.<ref name="Columbia">{{Cite web|title=Iran. ''The Columbia Encyclopedia'', Edisi ke enam. 2001-05|url=http://www.bartleby.com/65/ir/Iran.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090301052047/http://bartleby.com/65/ir/Iran.html|archive-date=2009-03-01|dead-url=yes|access-date=2007-07-01}}</ref><ref>Bahman Firuzmandi "''Mad, Hakhamanishi, Ashkani, Sasani''" m/s. 12-19</ref> Tumatan sini, [[basa Parsia]] wan basa Iran lainnya cungul. Muasal sajarah tatulis panambayan ihwal urang Parsia ngini iya prasasti Assyrian ([[834 SM]]), nang di dalam prasasti nitu ada tasambat ihwal urang ''Parsua'' (Parsia) wan Muddai (Media) <ref>Abdolhossein Zarinkoob "''Ruzgaran: tarikh-i Iran az aghz ta saqut saltnat Pahlvi''" m/s. 37</ref><ref>Bahman Firuzmandi "''Mad, Hakhamanishi, Ashkani, Sasani''" m/s. 155</ref> Pas ngitu, urang Assyrian mamakai kuyaan 'Parsua' gasan manyambat urang-urang di Iran. Lalu ai urang [[Yunani]] maumpati kuyaan ngini gasan manyambat ngaran paradaban matan Iran. Pas urang Parsia masuk Islam, urang Arab manyahuti urang-urang tu 'Pars' karana abjad 'P' kadada di tulisan Arab. Wilayah Parsia imbah nitu dikuasai lawan babarapa karajaan nang maulah kakaisaran nang kuat. Di antara kakaisaran ngini adalah kakaisaran Parsia nangkaya [[Akhemeniyah|Akhemenid]], [[Parthia]], [[Sassania]], [[Dinasti Buwaihi|Buwaihidah]] wan [[Dinasti Samaniyah|Samania]]. Kakaisaran Parsia nang suah mamarintah iya [[Seleukus]], [[Ummayyah]], [[Abbasiyyah|Abbasiyah]], [[Turki Seljuk]], [[Dinasti Afshariyah|Afshariyah]] wan Qajar. == Basa Parsia == Basa Parsia iya sabuting basa tuha di dunia nang masih ada sampai wayahini. Basa Parsia juwa tapandang marga tradisi sastranya wan sastrawan-sastrawannya nang tapandang wan babakat. Di antaranya yaitu [[Hafez (seniman)|Hafez]], [[Ferdowsi]], Khayyam, Attar, Saadi, [[Nezami]], [[Roudaki]] wan jua Rumi. Basa ngini tamasuk dalam kulaan basa [[Bahasa-bahasa Indo-Eropa|Indo-Eropa]] wan jadi basa rasmi di [[Iran]]. Basa Parsia juwa umpat maulah sapalih [[basa Indunisia]], dalam hal ngini nangkaya ngaran pawadahan nang tiba tumatan ngaran tampat Parsia dukanu, kaya Johansyah (Johan Shah) wan Firmansyah. Salain nitu, sapalih kuyaan Parsia nang lain taumpat dibuati ka basa Indunisia nangkaya [[anggur]], [[kuil]], [[bandar]], [[manara]], ratna (rakna), jahanam, ''topan'' (tufan), waswas, dll. == Agama == Paradaban Parsia hudah mamutusakan talu agama utama yaitu [[Zoroastrianisme]], [[Manikeanisme]], wan [[Bahá'í]]. Agama lain tamasuk [[Mazdak]] wan [[Manikeanisme]] nang kaduanya sacara kada langsung mampangaruhi agama Karistin: kadua-duanya tiba tumatan agama [[Zoroastrianisme]]. Wayahini, banyak urang pintar mandabatakan ihwal agama nang cungul sabalumnya, [[Zoroastrianisme]] atawa Yahudi. Tagal, buhannya hudah akur bahwa [[Zoroastrianisme]] datang sabalumnya tabila diambil matan pandangan [[angelologi]] (doktrin ihwal malaikat), [[demonologi]] (doktorin ihwal ''setan'') wan doktrin ihwal kiamat wan musibah alam.<ref>[http://jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=147&letter=Z&search=zoroaster JewishEncyclopedia.com - Zoroastrianisme]</ref> Wahini, banyak urang Parsia umpat ka Syi'ah wan ada juwa bubuhan Islam (aliran [[Sunnah Waljamaah]]), [[Zoroastrianisme]], Kristen, Yahudi, wan [[Bahá'í]] tagal kada banyak urangnya. Ada juwa [[Atéisma|ateis]] wan [[agnostik]]. Urang Parsia mulai masuk Islam kikira wayah [[637]] - [[651]]. Parihal ngini baraitan lawan ''penyebaran'' Islam wayah [[Kakhalifahan Rasyidin|Khulafa'ur Rasyidin]]. == Urang Parsia di saluruh dunia == * [[Iran]] - 22.986.329 (2005) [[Barakas:Flag_of_Iran.svg|25x25px|Iran]] * [[Bahrain]] - 94.460 (2005) [[Barakas:Flag_of_Bahrain.svg|25x25px|Bahrain]] * [[Australia]] - 27.095 (2005) [[Barakas:Flag_of_Australia.svg|25x25px|Australia]] * [[Austria]] - 11.465 (2005) [[Barakas:Flag_of_Austria.svg|25x25px|Austria]] * [[Azerbaijan]] - 1.160 (2005) [[Barakas:Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg|25x25px|Azerbaijan]] == Jujuhutan == <references /> [[Tumbung:Urang Iran]] [[Tumbung:Bubuhan Iran]] [[Tumbung:Urang Parsia]] 87flo0abypkvhtrjhs09272c2t5iond 110907 110906 2026-05-24T02:42:38Z Wadaihangit 12694 /* Sajarah */ 110907 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Barakas:A Persian nobleman riding with his servant and smoking a hoo Wellcome V0019097.jpg|jmpl|Bangsawan Parsia bakuda baduwa palayannya sambil baruku]] '''Parsia''' atawa '''Parsi''' iyalah urang nang tamasuk dalam bubuhan Bangsa [[Iran]], mamakai [[basa Parsia]] lawan juwa baisi parsamaan budaya lawan bubuhan Bangsa Iran nang lain. Bubuhan ngini banyak badiam di Iran wan ada juwa mangganai di sapalih nagara lain nangkaya [[Amirika Sarikat]], [[Kuwait]], [[Turki]], [[Syarikat Amiriah Arab|Uni Emirat Arab]], [[Irak]] lawan juwa sapalih nagara di [[Timur Tangah]]. == Sajarah == Urang Parsia adalah katurunan bubuhan [[Arya]] nang hijrah matan [[Asia Tangah]] ka [[Iran]] rahatan milenium kadua sabalum Masehi (BC).<ref>http://wwwa.britannica.com/eb/article-230041?tocId=230041{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref>Bahman Firuzmandi "''Mad, Hakhamanishi, Ashkani, Sasani''" m/s. 20</ref> Bubuhan Arya ngini imbahtu tabagi dua jadi Bubuhan Parsia wan Bubuhan [[Media (bangsa)|Media]], nang buhannya imbahtu bakambuh duwa urang-urang kaya Elam.<ref name="Columbia">{{Cite web|title=Iran. ''The Columbia Encyclopedia'', Edisi ke enam. 2001-05|url=http://www.bartleby.com/65/ir/Iran.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090301052047/http://bartleby.com/65/ir/Iran.html|archive-date=2009-03-01|dead-url=yes|access-date=2007-07-01}}</ref><ref>Bahman Firuzmandi "''Mad, Hakhamanishi, Ashkani, Sasani''" m/s. 12-19</ref> Tumatan sini, [[basa Parsia]] wan basa Iran lainnya cungul. Muasal sajarah tatulis panambayan ihwal urang Parsia ngini iya prasasti Assyrian ([[834 SM]]), nang di dalam prasasti nitu ada tasambat ihwal urang ''Parsua'' (Parsia) wan Muddai (Media) <ref>Abdolhossein Zarinkoob "''Ruzgaran: tarikh-i Iran az aghz ta saqut saltnat Pahlvi''" m/s. 37</ref><ref>Bahman Firuzmandi "''Mad, Hakhamanishi, Ashkani, Sasani''" m/s. 155</ref> Pas ngitu, urang Assyrian mamakai kuyaan 'Parsua' gasan manyambat urang-urang di Iran. Lalu ai urang [[Yunani]] maumpati kuyaan ngini gasan manyambat ngaran paradaban matan Iran. Pas urang Parsia masuk Islam, urang Arab manyahuti urang-urang tu 'Pars' karana abjad 'P' kadada di tulisan Arab. Wilayah Parsia imbah nitu dikuasai lawan babarapa karajaan nang maulah kakaisaran nang kuat. Di antara kakaisaran ngini adalah kakaisaran Parsia nangkaya [[Akhemeniyah|Akhemenid]], [[Parthia]], [[Sassania]], [[Dinasti Buwaihi|Buwaihidah]] wan [[Dinasti Samaniyah|Samania]]. Kakaisaran Parsia nang suah mamarintah iya [[Seleukus]], [[Ummayyah]], [[Abbasiyyah|Abbasiyah]], [[Turki Seljuk]], [[Dinasti Afshariyah|Afshariyah]] wan Qajar. == Basa Parsia == Basa Parsia iya sabuting basa tuha di dunia nang masih ada sampai wayahini. Basa Parsia juwa tapandang marga tradisi sastranya wan sastrawan-sastrawannya nang tapandang wan babakat. Di antaranya yaitu [[Hafez (seniman)|Hafez]], [[Ferdowsi]], Khayyam, Attar, Saadi, [[Nezami]], [[Roudaki]] wan jua Rumi. Basa ngini tamasuk dalam kulaan basa [[Bahasa-bahasa Indo-Eropa|Indo-Eropa]] wan jadi basa rasmi di [[Iran]]. Basa Parsia juwa umpat maulah sapalih [[basa Indunisia]], dalam hal ngini nangkaya ngaran pawadahan nang tiba tumatan ngaran tampat Parsia dukanu, kaya Johansyah (Johan Shah) wan Firmansyah. Salain nitu, sapalih kuyaan Parsia nang lain taumpat dibuati ka basa Indunisia nangkaya [[anggur]], [[kuil]], [[bandar]], [[manara]], ratna (rakna), jahanam, ''topan'' (tufan), waswas, dll. == Agama == Paradaban Parsia hudah mamutusakan talu agama utama yaitu [[Zoroastrianisme]], [[Manikeanisme]], wan [[Bahá'í]]. Agama lain tamasuk [[Mazdak]] wan [[Manikeanisme]] nang kaduanya sacara kada langsung mampangaruhi agama Karistin: kadua-duanya tiba tumatan agama [[Zoroastrianisme]]. Wayahini, banyak urang pintar mandabatakan ihwal agama nang cungul sabalumnya, [[Zoroastrianisme]] atawa Yahudi. Tagal, buhannya hudah akur bahwa [[Zoroastrianisme]] datang sabalumnya tabila diambil matan pandangan [[angelologi]] (doktrin ihwal malaikat), [[demonologi]] (doktorin ihwal ''setan'') wan doktrin ihwal kiamat wan musibah alam.<ref>[http://jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=147&letter=Z&search=zoroaster JewishEncyclopedia.com - Zoroastrianisme]</ref> Wahini, banyak urang Parsia umpat ka Syi'ah wan ada juwa bubuhan Islam (aliran [[Sunnah Waljamaah]]), [[Zoroastrianisme]], Kristen, Yahudi, wan [[Bahá'í]] tagal kada banyak urangnya. Ada juwa [[Atéisma|ateis]] wan [[agnostik]]. Urang Parsia mulai masuk Islam kikira wayah [[637]] - [[651]]. Parihal ngini baraitan lawan ''penyebaran'' Islam wayah [[Kakhalifahan Rasyidin|Khulafa'ur Rasyidin]]. == Urang Parsia di saluruh dunia == * [[Iran]] - 22.986.329 (2005) [[Barakas:Flag_of_Iran.svg|25x25px|Iran]] * [[Bahrain]] - 94.460 (2005) [[Barakas:Flag_of_Bahrain.svg|25x25px|Bahrain]] * [[Australia]] - 27.095 (2005) [[Barakas:Flag_of_Australia.svg|25x25px|Australia]] * [[Austria]] - 11.465 (2005) [[Barakas:Flag_of_Austria.svg|25x25px|Austria]] * [[Azerbaijan]] - 1.160 (2005) [[Barakas:Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg|25x25px|Azerbaijan]] == Jujuhutan == <references /> [[Tumbung:Urang Iran]] [[Tumbung:Bubuhan Iran]] [[Tumbung:Urang Parsia]] a2vd0dnq0sp57jkyadr2g69tm46njw0 0 38615 110908 2026-05-24T03:03:38Z Wadaihangit 12694 Wiki Loves Iran 2026 110908 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Barakas:كاخ گلستان.jpg|jmpl|Tahta Matahari]] '''Istana Golestan''' ([[Basa Parsia|basa]] [[Basa Parsia|Parsia]]: کاخ گلستان; ''Kākh-e-Golestān'', sacara harfiah: "Istana Taman Mawar") iyalah bakas [[kadiaman rasmi]] [[Dinasti Qajar]] wan ''kompleks'' istana nang andakannya di [[Teheran]], [[Iran]].<ref name="Golestan Palace">{{Cite web|title=Golestan Palace|url=http://www.iranreview.org/content/Documents/Golestan_Palace_2.htm|publisher=Iran Review|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200221010610/http://www.iranreview.org/content/Documents/Golestan_Palace_2.htm|archive-date=2020-02-21|dead-url=yes|access-date=2020-05-20}}</ref> Istana ngini iyalah sabuting ''monumen'' tuha di Teheran lawan bagian dalam istananya nang tarinci bastatus sawagai warisan dunia.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|last=|date=2013-06-23|title=Golestan Palace - UNESCO World Heritage Centre|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1422|website=Whc.unesco.org|access-date=2020-05-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=In pictures: Iran's sites of cultural importance|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/in-pictures-51007585|publisher=BBC}}</ref> Istana ngini pamulaan ampun Kubu Kuta Teheran (''Arg-e Saltanti'') nang dibangun lawan [[Dinasti Safawi]]. Wayah 1785, [[Dinasti Qajar]] nang bakuasa mamilih Teheran sawagai indung banuanya wan maulah bangunan Istana Golestan sawagai kadiaman rasmi kaluarga karajaan.<ref name="Golestan Palace" /> == Kaandakan == ''Kompleks'' bangunan ngini andakannya di Distrik 12, Teheran. Bahalatan lawan bangunan Kamantrian Kauangan Iran wan Kamantrian Kahakiman Iran di utara, [[Stasiun Naser Khosrow]] di timur, Satrat Davar di barat, wan Satrat ganal Panzdah-e Khordad di salatan. ''Kompleks'' ngini andakannya pas di jantung kuta lawas Teheran, nang bahalat lawan Taman Shahr di barat laut, Satrat Pamenar di timur, wan [[Pakan Besar Teheran|Pakan Teheran]] di tanggara.<ref name="Golestan Palace2">{{Cite web|title=Golestan Palace|url=http://www.iranreview.org/content/Documents/Golestan_Palace_2.htm|publisher=Iran Review|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200221010610/http://www.iranreview.org/content/Documents/Golestan_Palace_2.htm|archive-date=2020-02-21|dead-url=yes|access-date=2020-05-20}}</ref> ''Kompleks'' ngini tardiri matan dua taman nang tarait, yaitu taman barat nang halus wan taman timur nang taganal. Bangunan nangkaya Istana Golestan iya tamasuk juwa di taman ngini.<ref name="Golestan Palace3">{{Cite web|title=Golestan Palace|url=http://www.iranreview.org/content/Documents/Golestan_Palace_2.htm|publisher=Iran Review|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200221010610/http://www.iranreview.org/content/Documents/Golestan_Palace_2.htm|archive-date=2020-02-21|dead-url=yes|access-date=2020-05-20}}</ref> Taman barat dibangun lawan sumbu utara-sulat wan disambat juwa Taman Tahta Marmer. Ada taman timur nang taganal lagi, disambat Taman Golestan. Taman timur dibangun lawan sumbu barat-barat, tagal sabujurannya ukurannya handak tagas babuncu ampat lawan sumbu Barat-barat nang tapanjang sadikit.<ref name="Golestan Palace3" /> Jalur masuk utama ka istana ngini iya matan Panzdah-e Khordad di salatan. Tumatan sini, urang datang pacangan masuka ka aman Tahta Marmer di salatan wan matan sana kawa masuk ka bangunan Tahta Marmar.<ref name="Golestan Palace3" /> == Sajarah == Golestan baisi sajarah panjang. Tacatat ada ampat dinasti Parsia ([[Dinasti Safawi]]">Safawi, Zand, Qajar, wan [[Dinasti Pahlavi|Pahlavi]]) nang mambangun wan mambaiki ''kompleks'' ngini.<ref name="Golestan Palace4">{{Cite web|title=Golestan Palace|url=http://www.iranreview.org/content/Documents/Golestan_Palace_2.htm|publisher=Iran Review|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200221010610/http://www.iranreview.org/content/Documents/Golestan_Palace_2.htm|archive-date=2020-02-21|dead-url=yes|access-date=2020-05-20}}</ref> Dinasti Safawi manyatuakan Kubu Kuta Teheran rahatan kakuasaan [[Tahmasp I]] (1524-1576).<ref name="Golestan Palace4" /> Kubu Kuta nitu imbahtu dibabak lawan [[Karim Khan]] matan [[Dinasti Zand]], sabalum ayungannya dikuasai wan jadi kadiaman rasmi [[Dinasti Qajar]] wayah 1794. Wayah 1865, bangunan utama nang dipinandui urang banyak wayahini dibangun lawan Haji Ab ol Hasan Mimar Navai. Wayah 1925, [[Reza Shah]] manyambat runtuhnya Dinasti Qajar di [[Tekyeh Dowlat]] wan sacara rasmi Kompleks Istana Golestan dikuasai lawan [[Dinasti Pahlavi]]. Dinasti ngini mamakai Istana Golestan gasan panarimaan rasmi karajaan, tamasuk nang panting, panjatuan Reza Shah sawagai [[Kepala negara|kapala nagara]] wayah 1925 wan [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]] wayah 1941. Antara 1925-1945, sapalih bangunan di ''kompleks'' ngini dihancurakan atas parintah Shah, nang diduga sakira mahapus ingatan wan bakas dinasti yang tadahulu.<ref name="Nejad">{{Cite book|title=The Rite of Urban Passage: The Spatial Ritualization of Iranian Urban Transformation|last=Nejad|first=Reza Masoudi|last2=|publisher=Berghahn, New York|year=2018|isbn=9781785339776|page=43-44|author-link=}}</ref> Pamarintah Parsia wayah itu baalasan pambangunan gasan maulah Kuta Teheran magin ''modern''.<ref name="Nejad" /> Di wadah bangunan nang sudah hancur nitu imbahnya dibangun pulang bangunan nang ''tamodern'', iya gedung bank nang diulah di bakas [[Tekyeh Dowlat]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=COkXM9n7KUcC&printsec=frontcover&hl=nl&source=gbs_atb#v=onepage&q&f=false The world encyclopedia of contemporary theatre], Volume 3 edited by Don Rubin, p. 215.</ref> == Bangunan == ''Kompleks'' Istana Golestan baisi 17 bangunan, tardiri matan istana atawa kadiaman, [[musium]], wan aula. Handak sabarataan bangunan ngitu diulah salawasan 131 tahun kakuasaan Dinasti Qajar.<ref>{{Cite web|date=|title=کاخ گلستان|url=http://www.golestanpalace.ir/|website=Golestanpalace.ir|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171231225304/http://www.golestanpalace.ir/|archive-date=2017-12-31|access-date=2020-05-20}}</ref> Bangunan istana bahari dipakai gasan bamamacam kagiatan kaya maangkat raja wan [[aruh]] ganal. Di ''kompleks'' ini juwa ada talu bangunan gasan manyimpan arsip ''fotografi'', manuskrip, wan ''dokumen''.<ref>{{Cite web|date=|title=The Golestan Palace Library and Archive in Tehran|url=http://dissertationreviews.org/archives/12143|publisher=Dissertation Reviews|access-date=2017-01-02}}</ref> == Album == <gallery mode="packed"> Barakas:Gulistanpalace.jpg|Hiasan bagian dalam bangunan di Kompleks Golestan. Barakas:Palacio_de_Golestán,_Teherán,_Irán,_2016-09-17,_DD_07.jpg|Sabuting bangunan di Kompleks Golestan, wayah 2016. Barakas:Badgir_Palace_(15).JPG|Lukisan Istana Badgir, Mahmoud Khan Malek-ol-Shoara Barakas:RezaShah_Oath_Tekyeh_Dowlat.jpg|Pangumuman ampihnya Dinasti Qajar lawan Shah Reza di Tekyeh Dowlat Barakas:Tehran,_Golestan_Palace.jpg|Hiasan marmer di Istana Golestan Barakas:Palacio_de_Golestán,_Teherán,_Irán,_2016-09-17,_DD_15-19_PAN.jpg|Tahta Matahari </gallery> == Jujuhutan == <references /> [[Tumbung:Musium di Teheran]] [[Tumbung:Istana]] [[Tumbung:Iran]] j2amre7su7yhm5hsxmiam1ysvzcunu7 0 38616 110909 2026-05-24T05:20:11Z Wadaihangit 12694 Wiki Loves Iran 2026 110909 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox royalty|name=Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|title=Aryamehr|image=Mohammad Reza Pahlavi 1973 portrait (4x5 cropped).jpg|caption=Gambar rasmi, {{circa|1973}}|succession=[[Daptar panguasa monarki Iran|Shah Iran]]|reign=16 Siptimbir 1941 – 11 Pibuari 1979|coronation=26 Uktubir 1967|predecessor=[[Reza Shah]]|successor=''[[Revolusi Iran|Monarki dihapusakan]]''<br />[[Ruhollah Khomeini]] (sawagai Kapala Revolusi)<br />[[Abolhassan Banisadr]]<br />(sawagai Presiden)<br />{{Infobox officeholder | embed = yes | office = Katua Partai Rastakhiz | term_start = 2 Marit 1975 | term_end = 1 Nupimbir 1978 | term_label = ''[[De facto]]'' | predecessor = ''Partai didiriakan'' | successor = ''Partai dibubarakan'' | 1blankname = Sekretaris Jenderal | 1namedata = {{collapsible list| | [[Amir-Abbas Hoveyda]] | [[Jamshid Amouzegar]] | [[Mohammad Baheri]] | [[Javad Saeed]] }}}}|birth_date={{Birth date|1919|10|26|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Teheran]], Iran Qajar|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|1980|7|27|1919|10|26}}|death_place=[[Kairo]], Mesir|burial_date=|burial_place=[[Masigit Al-Rifa'i]]|spouses={{plainlist| * {{Marriage|[[Fawzia matan Mesir]]|1939|1948|reason=div}} * {{Marriage|[[Soraya Esfandiary-Bakhtiary]]|1951|1958|reason=div}} * {{Marriage|[[Farah Diba]]|1959}}}}|issue={{plainlist| *[[Shahnaz Pahlavi|Putri Shahnaz]] *[[Reza Pahlavi|Putra Mahkuta Reza]] *[[Farahnaz Pahlavi|Putri Farahnaz]] *[[Ali-Reza Pahlavi|Pangiran Ali Reza]] *[[Leila Pahlavi|Putri Leila]]}}|regnal name=Mohammad Reza Shah<br />{{langx|fa|محمدرضا شاه}}|native_lang1=Alma mater|native_lang1_name1={{plainlist| *[[Institut Le Rosey]] *[[Madrasa Nezam]]}}|father=[[Reza Shah]]|mother=[[Tadj ol-Molouk]]|religion=[[Syiah Dua Walas Imam]] Islam|signature=[[File:Mohammadreza pahlavi signature.svg{{!}}class=skin-invert|120px]]<br />Tanda tangan Parsia [[File:Signature of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.svg{{!}}class=skin-invert|160px]]<br />Tanda tangan Latin|module={{Infobox officeholder | embed = yes | branch = [[Angkatan Darat Iran]] | serviceyears = 1936–1979 | commands = Departemen Inspeksi Angkatan Darat | battles = {{tree list}} * [[Perang Dunia II]] ** [[Invasi Iran oleh Britania Raya-Uni Soviet]] * [[Separatisme Kurdi di Iran]] ** [[Pemberontakan Hama Rashid]] * [[Krisis Iran 1946]] * [[Kudeta Iran 1953]] * [[Operasi Gabungan Arvand]] * [[Insiden Siahkal]] * [[Konflik Shatt al-Arab 1974–1975]] * [[Revolusi Iran]] {{tree list/end}} }}}} '''Mohammad Reza Pahlavi''' ([[basa Parsia]]: محمدرضا پهلوی:''Moḥammad Rez̤ā Pahlavī'') ({{Lahirmati|[[Tehran]], [[Iran]]|26|10|1919|[[Kairo]], [[Mesir]]|27|7|1980}}), juga dipinandui lawan ngaran '''Mohammad Reza Shah''' (basa Parsia: محمدرضا شاه) yaitu [[Syah (galaran)|Syah]] [[Iran]] mulai 16 Siptimbir 1941 sampai disuruh mundur dalam [[Revolusi Islam Iran|Revolusi Iran]] wayah 11 Pibuari 1979.Sidin iya raja kadua matan [[Dinasti Pahlavi]] wan syah pauncitan matan monarki Iran. Sidin maingkuti galaran karajaan ''Shahanshah'' (Raja Sagala Raja),<ref>D. N. MacKenzie. A Concise Pahlavi Dictionary. Routledge Curzon, 2005.</ref> wan ''Aryamehr'' (Cahaya Urang Arya), wan ''Bozorg Arteshtārān'' (Kapala Pajuang).<ref>M. Mo'in. An Intermediate Persian Dictionary. Six Volumes. Amir Kabir Publications, 1992.</ref> [[Syi'ah|Syiah]] naik tahta rahatan [[Partampuran Dunia II]], imbah ''invasi'' Inggris-Soviet ka Iran nang mamaksa abahnya, [[Reza Shah|Mohammad Reza Shah]], turun tahta. Wayah pamarintahan Mohammad Reza Shah, ada kajadian nasiunalisasi industri minyak Iran di bawah Pardana Mantri [[Mohammad Mosaddegh]] sampai bakajadian ''kudeta'' nang didukung [[Amirika Sarikat]] wan [[Inggris]] wayah [[1953]].<ref>[[:en:All the Shah's Men|All the Shah's Men]], Stephen Kinzer, p.&nbsp;195–196.</ref> Rahatan pamarintahan sidin, Iran marayaakan kalanjutan monarki salawas 2.500 tahun imbah didiriakannya [[Kekaisaran Persia|Kakaisaran Parsia]] lawan [[Koresy Agung]] lawan mamindahakan pamulaan ''kalender'' Iran matan [[Almanak Hijriah|Kalender Hijriyah]] ka tahun panubatan Koresy Besar.<ref name="fouman.com">{{Cite web|title=Salinan arsip|url=http://www.fouman.com/Y/Get_Iranian_History_Today.php?artid=1098|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222023027/http://fouman.com/Y/Get_Iranian_History_Today.php?artid=1098|archive-date=2016-12-22|dead-url=yes|access-date=2016-01-07}}</ref> Sidin mamaranakan [[Revolusi Putih]], sarangkaian ''inovasi ekonomi'' wan ''sosial'' nang batujuan gasan ''matransformasi'' Iran jadi bakakuatan ''global''. Sidin bahasil ''memodernisasi'' Iran duwa ''menasionalisasi'' banyak ''sumber'' daya alam, wan mambariiakan hak pilih gasan buhan binian. Tagal, gagal sapihak matan [[reformasi agraria]], kadada [[Demokrasi|demokratisasi]] nang dikritik lawan sapalih lawan, lawan juwa runtuhnya kakuatan ''tradisional'' matan bubuhan tatuha agama Shia nang sapalih sababnya marga bamamacam bahanyaran nang bakajadian kaisukannya maningkatakan ''oposisi'' lawan kakuatannya. Tagal juwa sidin urang Muslim, [[Syi'ah|Syiah]] lawas kalawasan kahilangan dukungan matan [[Westernisasi|paralu]] tatuha agama Shia di Iran, utamanya marga kabijakan larangan nang kuat wan maakui Israel. Partempuran lawan bubuhan radikal agama, partisipasi partisipan komunis nang sasain banyak, campur tangan partisipan Barat dalam ''ekonomi'' Iran, wan balain pandangan pulitik lawan Mohammad Mossadegh wayah 1953 mancapai pamarintahan nang kaya ''otoriter''. Syah wan Mossadegh sing main tuduh wan pihak lain mancuba maulah kudeta nang ayungannya maulah runtuhnya Mossadegh. Sapalih kabijakan ''kontroversial'' dilaksanaakan, tamasuk larangan lawan [[Partai Tudeh Iran|Partai Tudeh]] wan panindasan lawan parontak oleh dinas rahasia Iran, SAVAK. Amnesty International manyurapakan bahwa Iran baisi 2.200 tahanan politik wayah 1978.<ref name="fouman.com2">{{Cite web|title=Salinan arsip|url=http://www.fouman.com/Y/Get_Iranian_History_Today.php?artid=1098|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222023027/http://fouman.com/Y/Get_Iranian_History_Today.php?artid=1098|archive-date=2016-12-22|dead-url=yes|access-date=2016-01-07}}</ref> Wayah 1979, karuhan politik sudah baubah jadi ''revolusi'' sampai 16 Januari 1979 sidin bahasil mamaksa Raja gasan maninggalakan Iran imbah mamarintah 37 tahun lawasnya. Kada lawas imbah nitu, kakuatan ''revolusioner'' mamindahakan pamarintahannya jadi [[Republik Islam]] nang dikapalai lawan [[Ayatollah Khomeini|Ayatollah Ruhullah Khomeini]]. Mohammad Reza Pahlavi wan barataan kaluarga sidin dbuang ka Mesir, di mana Sidin dapat [[Hak suaka|suaka pulitik]] matan Presiden [[Anwar Sadat]] sampai habis umur. == Kamatian == Mohammad Reza Pahlavi maninggal di [[Kairo]], Mesir pas umur 60 tahun marga ''komplikasi makroglobulinemia Waldenström'', panyakit ''limfoma non-Hodgkin'' wayah 27 Juli 1980. Presiden Sadat manyadiakan pamakaman nagara gasan sidin.<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,921924,00.html Shah's Flight] {{Webarchive}}. ''Time''. 31 March 1980</ref> Salain dihadiri lawan barataan [[Dinasti Pahlavi]], Presiden Mesir [[Anwar Sadat]], mantan Presiden AS Richard Nixon, wan mantan [[Raja Yunani]] Konstantin II jua mandatangi acara pemakaman sidin di [[Kairo]].<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1988/11/06/books/someone-else-s-problem.html http://www.nytimes.com/1988/11/06/books/someone-else-s-problem.html]</ref> Mohammad Reza Pahlavi dipatak di Masigit Al Rifa'i di Kairo, [[masigit]] nang baisi nilai ''simbolis'' tinggi. Dua raja pauncitan matan dua monarki nang hudah runtuh dipatak di sana, yaitu Mohammad [[Reza Shah]] Pahlavi matan Iran wan [[Farouk dari Mesir|Raja Farouk matan Mesir]], nang mana juwa iya mantan paman-paman sidin. Alkahnya ada di subalah kiwa lawang utama. Batahun sabalumnya, abahnya wan pandahulunya, Reza Shah, jua dipatak di masigit ngini. == Jujuhutan == <references /> 5jzzvgmgchv8fy6z9i3nf2samzbx1en 110910 110909 2026-05-24T05:24:00Z Wadaihangit 12694 110910 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox royalty|name=Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|title=Aryamehr|image=Mohammad Reza Pahlavi 1973 portrait (4x5 cropped).jpg|caption=Gambar rasmi, {{circa|1973}}|succession=[[Daptar panguasa monarki Iran|Shah Iran]]|reign=16 Siptimbir 1941 – 11 Pibuari 1979|coronation=26 Uktubir 1967|predecessor=[[Reza Shah]]|successor=''[[Revolusi Iran|Monarki dihapusakan]]''<br />[[Ruhollah Khomeini]] (sawagai Kapala Revolusi)<br />[[Abolhassan Banisadr]]<br />(sawagai Presiden)<br />{{Infobox officeholder | embed = yes | office = Katua Partai Rastakhiz | term_start = 2 Marit 1975 | term_end = 1 Nupimbir 1978 | term_label = ''[[De facto]]'' | predecessor = ''Partai didiriakan'' | successor = ''Partai dibubarakan'' | 1blankname = Sekretaris Jenderal | 1namedata = {{collapsible list| | [[Amir-Abbas Hoveyda]] | [[Jamshid Amouzegar]] | [[Mohammad Baheri]] | [[Javad Saeed]] }}}}|birth_date={{Birth date|1919|10|26|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Teheran]], Iran Qajar|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|1980|7|27|1919|10|26}}|death_place=[[Kairo]], Mesir|burial_date=|burial_place=[[Masigit Al-Rifa'i]]|spouses={{plainlist| * {{Marriage|[[Fawzia matan Mesir]]|1939|1948|reason=div}} * {{Marriage|[[Soraya Esfandiary-Bakhtiary]]|1951|1958|reason=div}} * {{Marriage|[[Farah Diba]]|1959}}}}|issue={{plainlist| *[[Shahnaz Pahlavi|Putri Shahnaz]] *[[Reza Pahlavi|Putra Mahkuta Reza]] *[[Farahnaz Pahlavi|Putri Farahnaz]] *[[Ali-Reza Pahlavi|Pangiran Ali Reza]] *[[Leila Pahlavi|Putri Leila]]}}|regnal name=Mohammad Reza Shah<br />{{langx|fa|محمدرضا شاه}}|native_lang1=Alma mater|native_lang1_name1={{plainlist| *[[Institut Le Rosey]] *[[Madrasa Nezam]]}}|father=[[Reza Shah]]|mother=[[Tadj ol-Molouk]]|religion=[[Syiah Dua Walas Imam]] Islam|signature=[[File:Mohammadreza pahlavi signature.svg{{!}}class=skin-invert|120px]]<br />Tanda tangan Parsia [[File:Signature of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.svg{{!}}class=skin-invert|160px]]<br />Tanda tangan Latin|module={{Infobox officeholder | embed = yes | branch = [[Angkatan Darat Iran]] | serviceyears = 1936–1979 | commands = Departemen Inspeksi Angkatan Darat | battles = {{tree list}} * [[Perang Dunia II]] ** [[Invasi Iran oleh Britania Raya-Uni Soviet]] * [[Separatisme Kurdi di Iran]] ** [[Pemberontakan Hama Rashid]] * [[Krisis Iran 1946]] * [[Kudeta Iran 1953]] * [[Operasi Gabungan Arvand]] * [[Insiden Siahkal]] * [[Konflik Shatt al-Arab 1974–1975]] * [[Revolusi Iran]] {{tree list/end}} }}}} '''Mohammad Reza Pahlavi''' ([[basa Parsia]]: محمدرضا پهلوی:''Moḥammad Rez̤ā Pahlavī'') ({{Lahirmati|[[Teheran]], [[Iran]]|26|10|1919|[[Kairo]], [[Mesir]]|27|7|1980}}), juga dipinandui lawan ngaran '''Mohammad Reza Shah''' (basa Parsia: محمدرضا شاه) yaitu [[Syah (galaran)|Syah]] [[Iran]] mulai 16 Siptimbir 1941 sampai disuruh mundur dalam [[Revolusi Islam Iran|Revolusi Iran]] wayah 11 Pibuari 1979.Sidin iya raja kadua matan [[Dinasti Pahlavi]] wan syah pauncitan matan monarki Iran. Sidin maingkuti galaran karajaan ''Shahanshah'' (Raja Sagala Raja),<ref>D. N. MacKenzie. A Concise Pahlavi Dictionary. Routledge Curzon, 2005.</ref> wan ''Aryamehr'' (Cahaya Urang Arya), wan ''Bozorg Arteshtārān'' (Kapala Pajuang).<ref>M. Mo'in. An Intermediate Persian Dictionary. Six Volumes. Amir Kabir Publications, 1992.</ref> [[Syi'ah|Syiah]] naik tahta rahatan [[Partampuran Dunia II]], imbah ''invasi'' Inggris-Soviet ka Iran nang mamaksa abahnya, [[Reza Shah|Mohammad Reza Shah]], turun tahta. Wayah pamarintahan Mohammad Reza Shah, ada kajadian nasiunalisasi industri minyak Iran di bawah Pardana Mantri [[Mohammad Mosaddegh]] sampai bakajadian ''kudeta'' nang didukung [[Amirika Sarikat]] wan [[Inggris]] wayah [[1953]].<ref>[[:en:All the Shah's Men|All the Shah's Men]], Stephen Kinzer, p.&nbsp;195–196.</ref> Rahatan pamarintahan sidin, Iran marayaakan kalanjutan monarki salawas 2.500 tahun imbah didiriakannya [[Kekaisaran Persia|Kakaisaran Parsia]] lawan [[Koresy Agung]] lawan mamindahakan pamulaan ''kalender'' Iran matan [[Almanak Hijriah|Kalender Hijriyah]] ka tahun panubatan Koresy Besar.<ref name="fouman.com">{{Cite web|title=Salinan arsip|url=http://www.fouman.com/Y/Get_Iranian_History_Today.php?artid=1098|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222023027/http://fouman.com/Y/Get_Iranian_History_Today.php?artid=1098|archive-date=2016-12-22|dead-url=yes|access-date=2016-01-07}}</ref> Sidin mamaranakan [[Revolusi Putih]], sarangkaian ''inovasi ekonomi'' wan ''sosial'' nang batujuan gasan ''matransformasi'' Iran jadi bakakuatan ''global''. Sidin bahasil ''memodernisasi'' Iran duwa ''menasionalisasi'' banyak ''sumber'' daya alam, wan mambariiakan hak pilih gasan buhan binian. Tagal, gagal sapihak matan [[reformasi agraria]], kadada [[Demokrasi|demokratisasi]] nang dikritik lawan sapalih lawan, lawan juwa runtuhnya kakuatan ''tradisional'' matan bubuhan tatuha agama Shia nang sapalih sababnya marga bamamacam bahanyaran nang bakajadian kaisukannya maningkatakan ''oposisi'' lawan kakuatannya. Tagal juwa sidin urang Muslim, [[Syi'ah|Syiah]] lawas kalawasan kahilangan dukungan matan [[Westernisasi|paralu]] tatuha agama Shia di Iran, utamanya marga kabijakan larangan nang kuat wan maakui Israel. Partempuran lawan bubuhan radikal agama, partisipasi partisipan komunis nang sasain banyak, campur tangan partisipan Barat dalam ''ekonomi'' Iran, wan balain pandangan pulitik lawan Mohammad Mossadegh wayah 1953 mancapai pamarintahan nang kaya ''otoriter''. Syah wan Mossadegh sing main tuduh wan pihak lain mancuba maulah kudeta nang ayungannya maulah runtuhnya Mossadegh. Sapalih kabijakan ''kontroversial'' dilaksanaakan, tamasuk larangan lawan [[Partai Tudeh Iran|Partai Tudeh]] wan panindasan lawan parontak oleh dinas rahasia Iran, SAVAK. Amnesty International manyurapakan bahwa Iran baisi 2.200 tahanan politik wayah 1978.<ref name="fouman.com2">{{Cite web|title=Salinan arsip|url=http://www.fouman.com/Y/Get_Iranian_History_Today.php?artid=1098|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222023027/http://fouman.com/Y/Get_Iranian_History_Today.php?artid=1098|archive-date=2016-12-22|dead-url=yes|access-date=2016-01-07}}</ref> Wayah 1979, karuhan politik sudah baubah jadi ''revolusi'' sampai 16 Januari 1979 sidin bahasil mamaksa Raja gasan maninggalakan Iran imbah mamarintah 37 tahun lawasnya. Kada lawas imbah nitu, kakuatan ''revolusioner'' mamindahakan pamarintahannya jadi [[Republik Islam]] nang dikapalai lawan [[Ayatollah Khomeini|Ayatollah Ruhullah Khomeini]]. Mohammad Reza Pahlavi wan barataan kaluarga sidin dbuang ka Mesir, di mana Sidin dapat [[Hak suaka|suaka pulitik]] matan Presiden [[Anwar Sadat]] sampai habis umur. == Kamatian == Mohammad Reza Pahlavi maninggal di [[Kairo]], Mesir pas umur 60 tahun marga ''komplikasi makroglobulinemia Waldenström'', panyakit ''limfoma non-Hodgkin'' wayah 27 Juli 1980. Presiden Sadat manyadiakan pamakaman nagara gasan sidin.<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,921924,00.html Shah's Flight] {{Webarchive}}. ''Time''. 31 March 1980</ref> Salain dihadiri lawan barataan [[Dinasti Pahlavi]], Presiden Mesir [[Anwar Sadat]], mantan Presiden AS Richard Nixon, wan mantan [[Raja Yunani]] Konstantin II jua mandatangi acara pemakaman sidin di [[Kairo]].<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1988/11/06/books/someone-else-s-problem.html http://www.nytimes.com/1988/11/06/books/someone-else-s-problem.html]</ref> Mohammad Reza Pahlavi dipatak di [[Masigit Al-Rifa'i]] di Kairo, [[masigit]] nang baisi nilai ''simbolis'' tinggi. Dua raja pauncitan matan dua monarki nang hudah runtuh dipatak di sana, yaitu Mohammad [[Reza Shah]] Pahlavi matan Iran wan [[Farouk dari Mesir|Raja Farouk matan Mesir]], nang mana juwa iya mantan paman-paman sidin. Alkahnya ada di subalah kiwa lawang utama. Batahun sabalumnya, abahnya wan pandahulunya, Reza Shah, jua dipatak di masigit ngini. == Jujuhutan == <references /> qk3rzb8uwsjzhkxu2fmz0704c093l0m 0 38617 110911 2026-05-24T05:49:11Z Wadaihangit 12694 Wiki Loves Iran 2026 110911 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox venue|name=Tekyeh Dowlat|native_name=تکیه دولت|native_name_lang=[[Basa Parsia|Parsia]]|image=Tekiyeh Dowlat by Kamalolmolk.jpg|caption=Lukisan ruang utama Tekyeh Dowlat matan [[Kamal-ol-Molk]]|location=[[Teheran]], [[Parsia]] ([[Iran]])|coordinates={{coord|35|40|42.65|N|51|25|15.93|E}}|genre=Gedung karasminan <br> Wadah partunjukan teater duka cita ([[Takziah]]) <br> Pusat partunjukan ampun karajaan|opened=1873<!-- {{Start date|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}} -->|closed=1933|demolished=1946|owner=Parsia ([[Dinasti Qajar]] duwa [[Dinasti Pahlavi]])|architect=Hossein-Ali Mehrin|website=<!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->|publictransit=}} '''''Tekyeh'' Dowlat''' ([[basa Parsia]]: تکیه دولت sacara harfiah baarti "Gunung Pameran (Duka Cita) Nagara") iyalah bangunan pusat pameran wan gedung opera banuansa agama ampun kaluarga karajaan [[Dinasti Qajar]] nang baandakan di pusat kuta [[Teheran]] [[Iran]].<ref name="The Tehran Times">{{Cite news|url=https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/440630/Tehran-museum-to-host-meeting-on-Muharram-rituals|title=Tehran museum to host meeting on Muharram rituals|date=2019-09-29|work=The Tehran Times|access-date=2020-05-18|agency=Mehr News Agency|language=en}}</ref> Tekyeh Dowlat wastu sabuting matan banyak tekyeh nang diulah di Iran. Bardasarkan tradisi [[Syiah]] nang bakambang di Iran, rajin tekyeh dibangun sabalum Muharram gasan dipakai pahadangan.<ref name="Nejad:43">{{Cite book|title=The Rite of Urban Passage: The Spatial Ritualization of Iranian Urban Transformation|last=Nejad|first=Reza Masoudi|last2=|publisher=Berghahn, New York|year=2018|isbn=9781785339776|page=43|author-link=}}</ref> Amun Muharram habis, bangunannya pacangan diruntuhakan. Tagal, Tekyeh Dowlat pangacualian. Tekyeh nang paling tapandang di antara barataan wadah ''pameran teater'' dukacita ini dibangun parmanen.<ref name="Nejad:43" /> Antara 1873 sampai dibongkar wayah 1947, bangunan ngini jadi simbol paling panting kuta Teheran.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Photos of Muharram Ta’zieh Rituals of the Past (1786-1925)|url=https://financialtribune.com/articles/art-and-culture/93428/photos-of-muharram-ta-zieh-rituals-of-the-past-1786-1925|publisher=Financial Tribune}}</ref> == Sajarah == ''Tekyeh'' Dowlat dibangun di ''kompleks'' [[Istana Golestan]] wan andakannya di subalah tanggara bangunan utama.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Golestan Palace: A Historical Complex at the Heart of Iranian Capital|url=https://www.tasnimnews.com/en/news/2018/04/01/1687872/golestan-palace-a-historical-complex-at-the-heart-of-iranian-capital|publisher=Tasnim News Agency}}</ref> ''Proyek gedung opera nasional'' ini dimulai wayah 1867 (sapalih ada juwa manyambat wayah 1868) wan tuntung 1873.<ref name="Bernard & Tüzün">{{Cite book|title=IMAGES (III) - Images of the City: The Conference Proceedings|last=|first=|date=2014|publisher=LIT Verlag|editor-last=Bernard|editor-first=Veronica|pages=85|chapter=|editor-last2=Tüzün|editor-first2=Hatice Övgü|chapter-url=}}</ref> Gedung dibangun maraga parintah matan Shah Naser al-Din,<ref>Abbas Amanat. [https://books.google.com/books?id=L-xt4WkT4WIC&dq Pivot of the universe: Nasir al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy], p. 435.</ref> nang diulah di atas situs Síyáh-Chál atawa panjara bawah tanah di Iran. Dikisahakan bahwa Shah Naser al-Din baduhara maulah Tekyeh Dowlat ini gasan partunjukan dukacita. Inspirasi gasan maulah pusat pameran nang jadi ampun nagara ini datang imbah Shah tahaga [[Royal Albert Hall]] di Kensington, London,<ref name="Nejad:432">{{Cite book|title=The Rite of Urban Passage: The Spatial Ritualization of Iranian Urban Transformation|last=Nejad|first=Reza Masoudi|last2=|publisher=Berghahn, New York|year=2018|isbn=9781785339776|page=43|author-link=}}</ref> Ihwal ngini nang maulah Tekyeh Dowlat baisi unsur-unsur arsitektur Iran lawan juwa pangaruh arsitektur Eropa.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Amin|first=Saber|author-link=|last2=Aminpoor|first2=Ahmad|last3=Mansurian|first3=Yazdan|year=2017|title=Comparative Studies of Tekyeh Dowlat in Tehran and Royal Albert in London|url=|journal=The Monthly Scientific Journal of Bagh-E-Nazar Research Center (NRC) for Art, Architecture & Urbanism|location=|publisher=Bagh-E-Nazar Research Center (NRC) for Art, Architecture & Urbanism|volume=14|issue=54|pages=21-32|doi=|issn=|id=|access-date=2020-05-18}}</ref> Rahatan dirasmiakan, bangunan ngini kawa manampung labih pada 4.000 tamu.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Eternal Performance: Ta'ziyeh and Other Shiite Rituals|last=Chelkowski|first=Peter|publisher=Seagull|year=2010|isbn=978 1 9064 9 751 4|location=India|pages=92–105|chapter=Identification and Analysis of the Scenic Space in Traditional Iranian Theatre}}</ref> Saikung tamu matan [[Irupa|Eropa]] mambari kasaksian bahwa bangunan ngini bungas banar wan kada kalah lawan bangunan opera di Eropa.<ref name="Iranica">{{cite encyclopedia|title=TA'ZIA|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Iranica|accessdate=2010-06-15|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/tazia}}</ref> Ampihan Dinasti Qajar wan baganti rezim maulah nagara mulai kada maurusi Tekyeh Dowlat nang sebelumnya jadi pusat aruh dukacita Muharram (takziah).<ref>{{Cite book|title=Sharhi zendegani man: Tarikhi ejtemaei va edari doare-ye Qajar (Kisah Hiduku: Sejarah Birokrasi dan Masyarakat Dinasti Qajar)|last=Abdullah|first=Mostowfi|last2=|publisher=Hermes Publication, Teheran|year=2015|isbn=|page=290-296|author-link=}}</ref> Dinasti Pahlavi imbahnya maulah ''tekyeh'' jadi balai wadah mamamerakan ''produk-produk'' industri dan karajinan lokal, sampai tutup malalui sahnya Undang-Undang Anti Partunjukan Duka Cita wayah 1933. Mulai sini Tekyeh Dowlat kahilangan statusnya sawagai monumen panting di Parsia.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Chavosian|first=Sana|author-link=|year=2009|title=Secular Atmospheres: Unveiling and Urban Space in Early 20th Century Iran|url=|journal=Historical Social Research|location=|publisher=GESIS Leibniz-Institute für Sozialwissenschaften|volume=44|issue=3|pages=197|doi=10.12759/hsr.44.2019.3.180-20|issn=|id=|access-date=2020-05-18}}</ref> Wayah 1947, bangunan ngini dihancurakan wan diulah bank di atasnya.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=COkXM9n7KUcC&printsec=frontcover&hl=nl&source=gbs_atb#v=onepage&q&f=false The world encyclopedia of contemporary theatre], Volume 3 edited by Don Rubin, p. 215.</ref> Ada juwa bapadah bahwa di atas bakas tekyeh diulah rumah gasan pajabat Parsia.<ref name="Bernard & Tüzün2">{{Cite book|title=IMAGES (III) - Images of the City: The Conference Proceedings|last=|first=|date=2014|publisher=LIT Verlag|editor-last=Bernard|editor-first=Veronica|pages=85|chapter=|editor-last2=Tüzün|editor-first2=Hatice Övgü|chapter-url=}}</ref> == Jujuhutan == <references /> [[Tumbung:Iran]] [[Tumbung:Teheran]] 5gvho75u0h22kv7q2qvozmaav2t4rj2 0 38618 110912 2026-05-24T07:21:03Z Wadaihangit 12694 Wiki Loves Iran 2026 110912 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Barakas:Flag of Iran 2.svg|jmpl|Bandira talu balang ampun Ripublik Islam Iran]] '''Bandira Iran''' diparkanalakan wayah [[29 Juli]] [[1980]] sawagai parlambang parubahan [[Iran]] jadi [[ripublik islam]] imbah [[Revolusi Islam Iran]]. Latar bandira iya talu kalir lawan garis hijau, putih, wan habang tumatan atas ka bawah. Bandira Iran sabalumnya baisi kalir nang balainan, inya ada gambar [[Singa dan Matahari|singa wan matahari]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/60931583|title=Women with mustaches and men without beards : gender and sexual anxieties of Iranian modernity|last=Najmabadi|first=Afsaneh|date=2005|isbn=978-0-520-93138-1|location=Berkeley|oclc=60931583}}</ref> == Deskripsi == === Lambang === Manurut konstitusi 1980 imbah [[Revolusi Islam Iran]], parlemen Iran mangganti lambang [[Singa dan Matahari|Singa wan Matahari]] lawan lambang habang di tangah Bandira. Lambang nang dirancang lawan Hamid Nadimi wan akur rasmi lawan parlemen wan Ayatullah [[Khomeini]] ngini takambuh matan bamacam unsur Islam: ampat bulan sabit wan salambar padang mambantuk monogram Allah nang babacaan [[sahadat]]: lā ʾilāha ʾillà l-Lāh (Kadada Tuhan Salain Allah).<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315754871-15|title=The Islamic Republic of Iran|date=2014-09-25|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-315-75487-1|pages=206–218}}</ref> matan kanan ka kiwa, sabit pamulaan mambantuk huruf ''[[ا|alif]]'', sabit kadua mambantuk huruf lam pamulaan, bilah pedang mambantuk huruflam pamulaan, wan sabit katalu wan kaampat mambantuk huruf ha. Ada jua ''[[Tasydid|tasididid]]'' di atas bilah padang ''[[ل|nang lam]]''<nowiki/>'entuk huruf W. Sabarataan unsur di lambang ngini dirancang gasan mahirip ka kambang [[tulip]] gasan mangganang urang-urang nang mati gasan Iran wan malambangakan ''patriotisme'', sasuai lawan kisah bahari nang manyambat bahwa kambang tulip habang pacangan tumbuh matan darah martir. === Aksara Kufi === Bacaan ''[[takbir]]'' (''Allahu Akbar'') ditulis dalam huruf kufi 22 kali di higa garis hijau wan habang. Ini parlambang panggilan ''takbir'' di malam 22 Bahman ([[11 Pibuari|11 Pibruari]] [[1979]]) nang jadi parlambang parubahan Iran jadi republik Islam. Malam nitu, radiu nasiunal Iran manyiarakan: "Matan [[Teheran]], suara Ripublik Islam Iran". Bacaan takbir ngini maulah Bandira Iran kada kawa dibalik sambarangan. === Kalir === ==== Hijau ==== Dalam budaya Iran, kalir hijau parlambang partumbuhan, kabahagiaan, parsatuan, alam, sumangat, wan [[Urang Parsia]]. Sapanjang sajarah, urang Parsia mamakai Bandira sagitalu kalir hijau wan putih. Imbah Koresh Agung matan Parsia manaklukakan kainya, [[Astyages]] matan Medes (Meda) wan manunggulkan tanah Parsia wan Medes, inya maulah Bandira hanyar nang bakalir hijau, putih, wan habang, gasan Bandira Iran di masa nang dihadap. Kalir hijau juwa dianggap malambangakan Islam, agama nang dianut lawan kabanyakan urang Iran. ==== Putih ==== Kalir putih parlambang damai. ==== Habang ==== Kalir habang iya dianggap tanda syahid. Dalam budaya Iran, kalir ngini parlambang wani, api, hidup, cinta, panas, wan kacanggihan. Sapanjang sajarah, bangsa Medes mamakai Bandira sagitalu bakalir habang wan putih. == Jujuhutan == <references /> [[Tumbung:Iran]] [[Tumbung:Bandira nasiunal]] c2oytjknslggryzxhqkfjxu1ivfs8bb 0 38619 110913 2026-05-24T07:41:40Z Wadaihangit 12694 Wiki Loves Iran 2026 110913 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Makam Koresh''' ({{Lang-en|''Tomb of Cyrus''}}: [[basa Parsia]]: آرامگاه کوروش بزرگ), iyalah wadah pamakaman [[Koresh Agung]], pandiri [[Kekaisaran Achaemenid|Kakaisaran Achaemenid]] bahari. ''Mosuleum'' ngini baandakan di [[Pasargadae]], di kawasan situs ''arkeologi'' di [[Prupinsi Fars]], [[Iran]]. Makam ngini panambayan diciii sawagai makam Koresh di jaman mudirin lawan [[James Justinian Morier]], inya mambandingakan ''monumen'' nitu lawan nang dijalasakan dalam karya tulis ahli sajarah matan [[Yunani]], [[Arrian]].<ref>[[Strabo]][https://books.google.pl/books?id=rucyAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR3&hl=pl&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=2#v=onepage&q&f=false "The Geography of Strabo. Literally translated, with notes, in three volumes"], W. Falconer, H.C. Hamilton (trl.), T.3, London: George Bell & Sons, 1889, Strb. XV.3.8, hal.134.</ref><ref>Briant P., ''From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire'', Eisenbrauns, 2002, hal.85, {{ISBN|0-19-813190-9}}</ref><ref>Stronach D., ''Pasargadae. A Report of the Excavations Conducted by the British Institute of Persian Studies from 1961 to 1963'', Oxford University Press, Oxford 1978, hal.22-23, 42, {{ISBN|0-19-813190-9}}</ref> == Hari Koresh Agung == Hari [[Koresh Agung]] (Parsia: روز کوروش بزرگ ''ruz-e kuroš-e bozorg''), atawa nang disambat juwa lawan Koresh Day (Parsia:روز کوروش ruz-E kuroš), iyalah hari parai kada rasmi di [[Iran]] nang diingati saban tahun wayah 29 Uktubir di Makam Koresh, 7 Aban di [[kalender Iran]], sawagai hari gasan manikasi ari Koresh Agung. Paringatan matan masuknya Koresh ka Babel. Koresh adalah pandiri [[Kekaisaran Persia|Kakaisaran Parsia]] panambayan nang dipinandui lawan [[Kekaisaran Achaemenid|Kakaisaran Achaemenid]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=منشور کورش بزرگ|url=http://www.savepasargad.com/aa.from%20091806/Cyrus/Elamiy%20rooz%20Kurosh.10.06.htm|publisher=Savepasargad.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110913173835/http://www.savepasargad.com/aa.from%20091806/Cyrus/Elamiy%20rooz%20Kurosh.10.06.htm|archive-date=2011-09-13|access-date=23 Februari 2022}}</ref> == Tahun Baru Iran == Wayah [[Nowruz]] atawa Taun Baru Parsia, parayaan digawi saban tahun lawan urang [[Iran]] matan barataan nagara, bakumpulan di parak makam. Urang [[Iran]] mahurmati Koresh Agung sawagai pandiri nagara Iran lawanujuwa wa [[Kekaisaran Persia|Kakaisaran Parsia]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Visitor anti-robot validation|url=http://www.fouman.com/Y/Picture_View-Norooz_Celebrations_Cyrus_Great.htm|website=Fouman.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728023132/http://www.fouman.com/Y/Picture_View-Norooz_Celebrations_Cyrus_Great.htm|archive-date=2011-07-28|access-date=2017-01-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Iran: The Challenges of a Split Personality - ASHARQ AL-AWSAT English|url=http://english.aawsat.com/2016/04/article55349219/iran-challenges-split-personality|website=English.aawsat.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160426061806/http://english.aawsat.com/2016/04/article55349219/iran-challenges-split-personality|archive-date=26 April 2016|access-date=23 Februari 2022}}</ref> == Jujuhutan == <references /> 0ng8h920irrypzzc2atnbmgqzkv376e 110914 110913 2026-05-24T07:42:10Z Wadaihangit 12694 Manambah [[:Tumbung:Iran|Tumbung:Iran]] mamakai [[WP:HC|HotCat]] 110914 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Makam Koresh''' ({{Lang-en|''Tomb of Cyrus''}}: [[basa Parsia]]: آرامگاه کوروش بزرگ), iyalah wadah pamakaman [[Koresh Agung]], pandiri [[Kekaisaran Achaemenid|Kakaisaran Achaemenid]] bahari. ''Mosuleum'' ngini baandakan di [[Pasargadae]], di kawasan situs ''arkeologi'' di [[Prupinsi Fars]], [[Iran]]. Makam ngini panambayan diciii sawagai makam Koresh di jaman mudirin lawan [[James Justinian Morier]], inya mambandingakan ''monumen'' nitu lawan nang dijalasakan dalam karya tulis ahli sajarah matan [[Yunani]], [[Arrian]].<ref>[[Strabo]][https://books.google.pl/books?id=rucyAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR3&hl=pl&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=2#v=onepage&q&f=false "The Geography of Strabo. Literally translated, with notes, in three volumes"], W. Falconer, H.C. Hamilton (trl.), T.3, London: George Bell & Sons, 1889, Strb. XV.3.8, hal.134.</ref><ref>Briant P., ''From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire'', Eisenbrauns, 2002, hal.85, {{ISBN|0-19-813190-9}}</ref><ref>Stronach D., ''Pasargadae. A Report of the Excavations Conducted by the British Institute of Persian Studies from 1961 to 1963'', Oxford University Press, Oxford 1978, hal.22-23, 42, {{ISBN|0-19-813190-9}}</ref> == Hari Koresh Agung == Hari [[Koresh Agung]] (Parsia: روز کوروش بزرگ ''ruz-e kuroš-e bozorg''), atawa nang disambat juwa lawan Koresh Day (Parsia:روز کوروش ruz-E kuroš), iyalah hari parai kada rasmi di [[Iran]] nang diingati saban tahun wayah 29 Uktubir di Makam Koresh, 7 Aban di [[kalender Iran]], sawagai hari gasan manikasi ari Koresh Agung. Paringatan matan masuknya Koresh ka Babel. Koresh adalah pandiri [[Kekaisaran Persia|Kakaisaran Parsia]] panambayan nang dipinandui lawan [[Kekaisaran Achaemenid|Kakaisaran Achaemenid]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=منشور کورش بزرگ|url=http://www.savepasargad.com/aa.from%20091806/Cyrus/Elamiy%20rooz%20Kurosh.10.06.htm|publisher=Savepasargad.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110913173835/http://www.savepasargad.com/aa.from%20091806/Cyrus/Elamiy%20rooz%20Kurosh.10.06.htm|archive-date=2011-09-13|access-date=23 Februari 2022}}</ref> == Tahun Baru Iran == Wayah [[Nowruz]] atawa Taun Baru Parsia, parayaan digawi saban tahun lawan urang [[Iran]] matan barataan nagara, bakumpulan di parak makam. Urang [[Iran]] mahurmati Koresh Agung sawagai pandiri nagara Iran lawanujuwa wa [[Kekaisaran Persia|Kakaisaran Parsia]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Visitor anti-robot validation|url=http://www.fouman.com/Y/Picture_View-Norooz_Celebrations_Cyrus_Great.htm|website=Fouman.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728023132/http://www.fouman.com/Y/Picture_View-Norooz_Celebrations_Cyrus_Great.htm|archive-date=2011-07-28|access-date=2017-01-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Iran: The Challenges of a Split Personality - ASHARQ AL-AWSAT English|url=http://english.aawsat.com/2016/04/article55349219/iran-challenges-split-personality|website=English.aawsat.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160426061806/http://english.aawsat.com/2016/04/article55349219/iran-challenges-split-personality|archive-date=26 April 2016|access-date=23 Februari 2022}}</ref> == Jujuhutan == <references /> [[Tumbung:Iran]] ox8ms8uorduzylztbmv9z36nfw951bw 0 38620 110915 2026-05-24T08:04:28Z Wadaihangit 12694 Wiki Loves Iran 2026 110915 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Barakas:Frühling_blühender_Kirschenbaum.jpg|jmpl|250x250px|Norouz adalah parayaan datangnya musim semi wan Tahun Baru Iran]] '''Nowruz''' ([[basa Parsia]]: نوروز, disambat: [noːˈɾuːz]; harfiah "tahun puga") adalah aruh [[Tahun puga|tahun]] [[Tahun puga|puga]] tradisiunal di Iran, [[Azerbaijan]], [[Kurdistan]], [[Pakistan]], wan sapalih [[Hindia|India]]. Salain nitu, aruh ngini jua digawi di [[Asia Tangah]], [[Turki]], wan di mana-mana ada pangaruh budaya Parsia suah manguasa wayah bahari. <ref>{{cite web|title=General Assembly Recognizes 21 March as International Day of Nowruz, Also Changes to 23–24 March Dialogue on Financing for Development – Meetings Coverage and Press Releases|url=https://www.un.org/press/en/2010/ga10916.doc.htm|publisher=UN|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228015525/http://www.un.org/press/en/2010/ga10916.doc.htm|archive-date=28 February 2017|access-date=20 March 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Norouz iyalah aruh (hari pamulaan) [[musim sami]] wan awal [[Almanak Iran]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Foltz|first1=Richard|date=2017|title=The 'Original' Kurdish Religion? Kurdish Nationalism and the False Conflation of the Yezidi and Zoroastrian Traditions|journal=Journal of Persianate Studies|volume=10|issue=1|pages=93, 95|quote=They celebrate the new year, which they call ''Chār shanba sur'', on the first Wednesday of April, slightly later than the Iranian new year, Now-Ruz, on 21 March. (...) . The fact that Kurds celebrate the Iranian new year (which they call 'Nawrôz' in Kurdish) does not make them Zoroastrian}}</ref> Lamun bubuhan urang Iran, hari ngini dirayakan wayah [[21 Marit]] wan menurut ''vernal quinox'' (pamulaan musim semi), kawa kajadi di [[20 Marit|20]], [[21 Marit|21]] atawa [[22 Marit]] bardasarkan [[Almanak Gregorius|tanggal Gregorian]]. Urang nang bagana di nagara ampat musim marasai ada parubahan cuaca wan musim. Tagal, datangnya talu musim lain kada ditikasi di Iran nangkaya urang maaruh Nowruz. Nowruz iya hari pamulaan bulan Farvardin, bulan pamulaan di Almanak Parsia nang dimulai 21 Marit. Hari Nowruz Internasional didaptarakan dalam [[Daptar Warisan Budaya Takbanda Manusia UNESCO]] wayah 23 Pibuari 2010. <ref>{{cite web|date=23 February 2010|title=64/253: International Day of Nowruz|url=https://undocs.org/pdf?symbol=en%2FA%2Fres%2F64%2F253|website=undocs.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305212610/https://undocs.org/pdf?symbol=en%2FA%2FRES%2F64%2F253|archive-date=5 March 2022|access-date=28 February 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> Aruh tahun puga Nowruz hudah ada di [[Iran]] mulai ribuan tahun nang halam, digawi lawan bubuhan kaisar wan raja Iran wayah jaman pra-Islam. Panaklukan Islam atas Parsia (Iran wayahini) wayah jaman Khalifah [[Umar|Umar bin Khattab]] kada malarang kagiatan budaya Iran pra-Islam. Malahan, Islam manambahiakan kagiatan budaya urang Iran wan maislamiakan Nowruz pakai mamasukakan ''doa'' wan ''syair'' ''sufi'' di dalamnya. Hari jadi Nowruz sudah diakui lawan Unesco jadi sabuting budaya dunia. == Tiba ngaran == Kuyaan Norouz tiba matan <span class="cx-link">basa Avesta</span> ''nava''=puga atawa hanyar + rəzaŋh= hari/cahaya siang; baarti "hari hanyar/cahaya awan",<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EaSQUY7GBSIC|title=Studien zur Pahlavi-Übersetzung des Avesta|last=Cantera|first=Alberto|publisher=Otto Harrassowitz Verlag|year=2004|isbn=978-3-447-05123-1|page=204|language=de}}</ref> nang artinya tatap sama dalam basa Parsia Modern (no=baru + rouz=hari; baarti "hari hanyar"). <ref>Random House dictionary (unabridged), 2006 (according to [http://dictionary.reference.com/ Dictionary.reference.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305211008/http://dictionary.reference.com/|date=5 March 2016}}).</ref> == Jujuhutan == <references /> [[Tumbung:Budaya Parsia]] [[Tumbung:Iran]] a980m7ei4ydn59iq5qki1drmtsfqngb