Wikipedia btmwiki https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaman_Utamo MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.13 first-letter Media Husus Obar Pamake Obar pamake Wikipedia Obar Wikipedia Borkas Obar borkas MediaWiki Obar MediaWiki Templat Obar templat Tolongi Obar tolongi Kategori Obar kategori TimedText TimedText talk Modul Pembicaraan Modul Acara Pembicaraan Acara 828 818 12458 2534 2026-07-30T11:54:39Z Asorev 1670 12458 Scribunto text/plain ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- TableTools -- -- -- -- This module includes a number of functions for dealing with Lua tables. -- -- It is a meta-module, meant to be called from other Lua modules, and should not -- -- be called directly from #invoke. -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ local libraryUtil = require('libraryUtil') local p = {} -- Define often-used variables and functions. local floor = math.floor local infinity = math.huge local checkType = libraryUtil.checkType local checkTypeMulti = libraryUtil.checkTypeMulti ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- isPositiveInteger -- -- This function returns true if the given value is a positive integer, and false -- if not. Although it doesn't operate on tables, it is included here as it is -- useful for determining whether a given table key is in the array part or the -- hash part of a table. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function p.isPositiveInteger(v) return type(v) == 'number' and v >= 1 and floor(v) == v and v < infinity end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- isNan -- -- This function returns true if the given number is a NaN value, and false if -- not. Although it doesn't operate on tables, it is included here as it is useful -- for determining whether a value can be a valid table key. Lua will generate an -- error if a NaN is used as a table key. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function p.isNan(v) return type(v) == 'number' and v ~= v end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- shallowClone -- -- This returns a clone of a table. The value returned is a new table, but all -- subtables and functions are shared. Metamethods are respected, but the returned -- table will have no metatable of its own. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function p.shallowClone(t) checkType('shallowClone', 1, t, 'table') local ret = {} for k, v in pairs(t) do ret[k] = v end return ret end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- removeDuplicates -- -- This removes duplicate values from an array. Non-positive-integer keys are -- ignored. The earliest value is kept, and all subsequent duplicate values are -- removed, but otherwise the array order is unchanged. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function p.removeDuplicates(arr) checkType('removeDuplicates', 1, arr, 'table') local isNan = p.isNan local ret, exists = {}, {} for _, v in ipairs(arr) do if isNan(v) then -- NaNs can't be table keys, and they are also unique, so we don't need to check existence. ret[#ret + 1] = v elseif not exists[v] then ret[#ret + 1] = v exists[v] = true end end return ret end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- numKeys -- -- This takes a table and returns an array containing the numbers of any numerical -- keys that have non-nil values, sorted in numerical order. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function p.numKeys(t) checkType('numKeys', 1, t, 'table') local isPositiveInteger = p.isPositiveInteger local nums = {} for k in pairs(t) do if isPositiveInteger(k) then nums[#nums + 1] = k end end table.sort(nums) return nums end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- affixNums -- -- This takes a table and returns an array containing the numbers of keys with the -- specified prefix and suffix. For example, for the table -- {a1 = 'foo', a3 = 'bar', a6 = 'baz'} and the prefix "a", affixNums will return -- {1, 3, 6}. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function p.affixNums(t, prefix, suffix) checkType('affixNums', 1, t, 'table') checkType('affixNums', 2, prefix, 'string', true) checkType('affixNums', 3, suffix, 'string', true) local function cleanPattern(s) -- Cleans a pattern so that the magic characters ()%.[]*+-?^$ are interpreted literally. return s:gsub('([%(%)%%%.%[%]%*%+%-%?%^%$])', '%%%1') end prefix = prefix or '' suffix = suffix or '' prefix = cleanPattern(prefix) suffix = cleanPattern(suffix) local pattern = '^' .. prefix .. '([1-9]%d*)' .. suffix .. '$' local nums = {} for k in pairs(t) do if type(k) == 'string' then local num = mw.ustring.match(k, pattern) if num then nums[#nums + 1] = tonumber(num) end end end table.sort(nums) return nums end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- numData -- -- Given a table with keys like {"foo1", "bar1", "foo2", "baz2"}, returns a table -- of subtables in the format -- {[1] = {foo = 'text', bar = 'text'}, [2] = {foo = 'text', baz = 'text'}}. -- Keys that don't end with an integer are stored in a subtable named "other". The -- compress option compresses the table so that it can be iterated over with -- ipairs. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function p.numData(t, compress) checkType('numData', 1, t, 'table') checkType('numData', 2, compress, 'boolean', true) local ret = {} for k, v in pairs(t) do local prefix, num = mw.ustring.match(tostring(k), '^([^0-9]*)([1-9][0-9]*)$') if num then num = tonumber(num) local subtable = ret[num] or {} if prefix == '' then -- Positional parameters match the blank string; put them at the start of the subtable instead. prefix = 1 end subtable[prefix] = v ret[num] = subtable else local subtable = ret.other or {} subtable[k] = v ret.other = subtable end end if compress then local other = ret.other ret = p.compressSparseArray(ret) ret.other = other end return ret end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- compressSparseArray -- -- This takes an array with one or more nil values, and removes the nil values -- while preserving the order, so that the array can be safely traversed with -- ipairs. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function p.compressSparseArray(t) checkType('compressSparseArray', 1, t, 'table') local ret = {} local nums = p.numKeys(t) for _, num in ipairs(nums) do ret[#ret + 1] = t[num] end return ret end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- sparseIpairs -- -- This is an iterator for sparse arrays. It can be used like ipairs, but can -- handle nil values. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function p.sparseIpairs(t) checkType('sparseIpairs', 1, t, 'table') local nums = p.numKeys(t) local i = 0 local lim = #nums return function () i = i + 1 if i <= lim then local key = nums[i] return key, t[key] else return nil, nil end end end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- size -- -- This returns the size of a key/value pair table. It will also work on arrays, -- but for arrays it is more efficient to use the # operator. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function p.size(t) checkType('size', 1, t, 'table') local i = 0 for _ in pairs(t) do i = i + 1 end return i end local function defaultKeySort(item1, item2) -- "number" < "string", so numbers will be sorted before strings. local type1, type2 = type(item1), type(item2) if type1 ~= type2 then return type1 < type2 elseif type1 == 'table' or type1 == 'boolean' or type1 == 'function' then return tostring(item1) < tostring(item2) else return item1 < item2 end end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- keysToList -- -- Returns an array of the keys in a table, sorted using either a default -- comparison function or a custom keySort function. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function p.keysToList(t, keySort, checked) if not checked then checkType('keysToList', 1, t, 'table') checkTypeMulti('keysToList', 2, keySort, {'function', 'boolean', 'nil'}) end local arr = {} local index = 1 for k in pairs(t) do arr[index] = k index = index + 1 end if keySort ~= false then keySort = type(keySort) == 'function' and keySort or defaultKeySort table.sort(arr, keySort) end return arr end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- sortedPairs -- -- Iterates through a table, with the keys sorted using the keysToList function. -- If there are only numerical keys, sparseIpairs is probably more efficient. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function p.sortedPairs(t, keySort) checkType('sortedPairs', 1, t, 'table') checkType('sortedPairs', 2, keySort, 'function', true) local arr = p.keysToList(t, keySort, true) local i = 0 return function () i = i + 1 local key = arr[i] if key ~= nil then return key, t[key] else return nil, nil end end end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- isArray -- -- Returns true if the given value is a table and all keys are consecutive -- integers starting at 1. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function p.isArray(v) if type(v) ~= 'table' then return false end local i = 0 for _ in pairs(v) do i = i + 1 if v[i] == nil then return false end end return true end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- isArrayLike -- -- Returns true if the given value is iterable and all keys are consecutive -- integers starting at 1. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function p.isArrayLike(v) if not pcall(pairs, v) then return false end local i = 0 for _ in pairs(v) do i = i + 1 if v[i] == nil then return false end end return true end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- invert -- -- Transposes the keys and values in an array. For example, {"a", "b", "c"} -> -- {a = 1, b = 2, c = 3}. Duplicates are not supported (result values refer to -- the index of the last duplicate) and NaN values are ignored. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function p.invert(arr) checkType("invert", 1, arr, "table") local isNan = p.isNan local map = {} for i, v in ipairs(arr) do if not isNan(v) then map[v] = i end end return map end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- listToSet -- -- Creates a set from the array part of the table. Indexing the set by any of the -- values of the array returns true. For example, {"a", "b", "c"} -> -- {a = true, b = true, c = true}. NaN values are ignored as Lua considers them -- never equal to any value (including other NaNs or even themselves). ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function p.listToSet(arr) checkType("listToSet", 1, arr, "table") local isNan = p.isNan local set = {} for _, v in ipairs(arr) do if not isNan(v) then set[v] = true end end return set end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- deepCopy -- -- Recursive deep copy function. Preserves identities of subtables. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ local function _deepCopy(orig, includeMetatable, already_seen) if type(orig) ~= "table" then return orig end -- already_seen stores copies of tables indexed by the original table. local copy = already_seen[orig] if copy ~= nil then return copy end copy = {} already_seen[orig] = copy -- memoize before any recursion, to avoid infinite loops for orig_key, orig_value in pairs(orig) do copy[_deepCopy(orig_key, includeMetatable, already_seen)] = _deepCopy(orig_value, includeMetatable, already_seen) end if includeMetatable then local mt = getmetatable(orig) if mt ~= nil then setmetatable(copy, _deepCopy(mt, true, already_seen)) end end return copy end function p.deepCopy(orig, noMetatable, already_seen) checkType("deepCopy", 3, already_seen, "table", true) return _deepCopy(orig, not noMetatable, already_seen or {}) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- sparseConcat -- -- Concatenates all values in the table that are indexed by a number, in order. -- sparseConcat{a, nil, c, d} => "acd" -- sparseConcat{nil, b, c, d} => "bcd" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function p.sparseConcat(t, sep, i, j) local arr = {} local arr_i = 0 for _, v in p.sparseIpairs(t) do arr_i = arr_i + 1 arr[arr_i] = v end return table.concat(arr, sep, i, j) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- length -- -- Finds the length of an array, or of a quasi-array with keys such as "data1", -- "data2", etc., using an exponential search algorithm. It is similar to the -- operator #, but may return a different value when there are gaps in the array -- portion of the table. Intended to be used on data loaded with mw.loadData. For -- other tables, use #. -- Note: #frame.args in frame object always be set to 0, regardless of the number -- of unnamed template parameters, so use this function for frame.args. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function p.length(t, prefix) -- requiring module inline so that [[Module:Exponential search]] which is -- only needed by this one function doesn't get millions of transclusions local expSearch = require("Module:Exponential search") checkType('length', 1, t, 'table') checkType('length', 2, prefix, 'string', true) return expSearch(function (i) local key if prefix then key = prefix .. tostring(i) else key = i end return t[key] ~= nil end) or 0 end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- inArray -- -- Returns true if searchElement is a member of the array, and false otherwise. -- Equivalent to JavaScript array.includes(searchElement) or -- array.includes(searchElement, fromIndex), except fromIndex is 1 indexed ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function p.inArray(array, searchElement, fromIndex) checkType("inArray", 1, array, "table") -- if searchElement is nil, error? fromIndex = tonumber(fromIndex) if fromIndex then if (fromIndex < 0) then fromIndex = #array + fromIndex + 1 end if fromIndex < 1 then fromIndex = 1 end for _, v in ipairs({unpack(array, fromIndex)}) do if v == searchElement then return true end end else for _, v in pairs(array) do if v == searchElement then return true end end end return false end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- merge -- -- Given the arrays, returns an array containing the elements of each input array -- in sequence. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function p.merge(...) local arrays = {...} local ret = {} for i, arr in ipairs(arrays) do checkType('merge', i, arr, 'table') for _, v in ipairs(arr) do ret[#ret + 1] = v end end return ret end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- extend -- -- Extends the first array in place by appending all elements from the second -- array. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function p.extend(arr1, arr2) checkType('extend', 1, arr1, 'table') checkType('extend', 2, arr2, 'table') for _, v in ipairs(arr2) do arr1[#arr1 + 1] = v end end return p 4n03zk6kcoeg4gz82mieeh94c1szcjy 0 2829 12455 2026-07-30T11:26:32Z Asorev 1670 ←Membuat halaman berisi ''''Boris Georgiyevich Perchatkin''' (Hata Mandailing: ''Boris Perchatkin''; Руси: ''Борис Георгиевич Перчаткин''; lahir 1 Juli 1946) ima sada aktivis hak asasi manusia Soviet-Amerika miharus salah sada pemimpin gerakan migrasi agama sian kota [[Nakhodka]] di ujung taon 1970-an dot awal taon 1980-an<ref name="ostrovskaja">{{cite journal |last=Островская |first=О. П. |year=2017 |title=Судьбы участников эми...' 12455 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Boris Georgiyevich Perchatkin''' (Hata Mandailing: ''Boris Perchatkin''; Руси: ''Борис Георгиевич Перчаткин''; lahir 1 Juli 1946) ima sada aktivis hak asasi manusia Soviet-Amerika miharus salah sada pemimpin gerakan migrasi agama sian kota [[Nakhodka]] di ujung taon 1970-an dot awal taon 1980-an<ref name="ostrovskaja">{{cite journal |last=Островская |first=О. П. |year=2017 |title=Судьбы участников эмиграционного движения пятидесятников на дальнем востоке в 1970-1980-х гг. |journal=Владивосток – точка возвращения: прошлое и настоящее русской эмиграции |publisher=Дальневосточный юридический институт МВД РФ |url=http://dot.kostacademy.kz/bible/files/769476832.pdf#page=65 |language=ru |pages=65—70}}</ref>. Di taon 1989, ia memimpin usaha lobi di [[Amerika Serikat]] anso mampasahkan "Amandemen Lautenberg" (Lautenberg Amendment), na mambaen hira-hira 1 juta anggota minoritas agama sian negara-negara bekas Uni Soviet dapot marpindah secara sah tu Amerika Serikat<ref name="romanovic">{{cite web |last=Романович |first=Михаил |year=2023 |title=Правозащитник, Борис Перчаткин, смертельно болен |website=spasenie.by |date=2023-09-26 |url=https://spasenie.by/publ/pravozashhitnik_boris_perchatkin_smertelno_bolen/4-1-0-82 |language=ru}}</ref>. == Biografi == === Masa Danak dot Masuk tu Gereja === Boris Perchatkin lahir di keluarga pilot militer. Amangnia mendingal di kecelakaan mobil indadok dung Boris lahir. Piga-piga taon dungi, umaknia marbagas ulang dot sada tentara militer asing. Tapi di taon 1953, amang tirunia ditangkap harana manjabat perintah saat kerusuhan dot dihukum 25 taon kerja paksa di kamp [[Vorkuta]]<ref name="ostrovskaja" />. Saat umur 16 taon, Boris pajumpa dot gereja Pentakosta di Nakhodka dot mambuka anggotania. Dung i, ia mamuloi mangumpulhon informasi pasal penganiayaan umat beragama di Uni Soviet dot pambagihon informasi i tu wartawan asing<ref name="semjonova">{{cite web |last=Семёнова |first=Виктория |year=2020 |title=Борис Перчаткин — о том, как помогал верующим из СССР попасть в США |website=usa.one |date=2020-01-03 |url=https://usa.one/2020/01/boris-perchatkin-o-veruyushhix-v-sssr-immigracii-v-ssha-i-aktivizme/ |language=ru}}</ref>. === Gerakan Emigrasi dot Hubungan dot Disiden === Di taon 1976, Perchatkin rap dot dongan-dongannia Vasily Patrushev, V. A. Burlachenko, dot Vladimir Stepanov mambaen hubungan dot disiden Soviet di [[Moskow]]<ref name="ostrovskaja" />. Para disiden mangalehen saran anso mambaen bentuk terorganisir tu gerakan migrasi na sai berkembang<ref name="ostrovskaja" />. Di taon na sarupa, L. V. Voronina, perwakilan sian [[Kelompok Helsinki Moskow]], ro tu Nakhodka<ref name="ostrovskaja" />. Sian i, Perchatkin secara aktif marusaha anso mambaen emigrasi massal umat Pentakosta sian [[Uni Soviet]]<ref name="ostrovskaja" />. Ia pe mangirim permohonan tu [[PBB]], [[Dewan Gereja-Gereja Sedunia]] (WCC), dot pemimpin negara-negara na mantandatangani [[Perjanjian Helsinki]], paboritahon penganiayaan umat beragama na sai mardalan di Uni Soviet<ref name="nashaamerica">{{cite web|url=http://www.nashaamerica.com/blogi/chtivo/item-894/|title=Он спас 1 млн человек. Сегодня они не могут собрать ему на операцию. Как же так?|website=www.nashaamerica.com|date=2023-09-26|access-date=2023-09-26|language=ru|archive-date=2023-09-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926133215/http://www.nashaamerica.com/blogi/chtivo/item-894/}}</ref>. Di taon 1977, rap dot Nikolay Goreti atas goar umat Pentakosta, ia membela disiden na ditangkap ima [[Aleksandr Ginzburg]], [[Yuri Orlov]], dot [[Anatoly Shcharansky]]<ref name="ostrovskaja" />. Di taon na sarupa, rap dot umat Kristen sian denominasi asing, ia dohot di aksi mogok mangan publik anso mangido izin haruar tu umat Kristen na dianiaya<ref name="ukrweekly">{{cite journal|author=Zenon Snylyk|title=Dissidents fast across USSR|url=https://archive.ukrweekly.com/print-media/1977/The_Ukrainian_Weekly_1977-38.pdf|journal=The Ukrainian Weekly|publisher=Ukrainian National Association|date=1977-10-09|volume=LXXXIV|issue=222|pages=2|language=en|archive-date=2023-09-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926074510/https://archive.ukrweekly.com/print-media/1977/The_Ukrainian_Weekly_1977-38.pdf}}</ref>. Di tanggal 20 Desember 1978, Perchatkin marusaha mangirim telegram Taon Baru sian kantor pos Nakhodka tu Presiden Amerika Serikat [[Jimmy Carter]], mangido anso mambaen perhatian tu halak na nada dapot kebebasan beragama<ref name="ostrovskaja" /><ref name="nashaamerica"/><ref name="dementjev">{{cite journal |author=Андрей Дементьев |title=АВЕН-ЕЗЕР. Евангельское движение в Приморье 1898-1990 годы |url=http://www.rusbaptist.stunda.org/aven-ezer-primorje.pdf |journal=Русский остров |publisher=Русский остров |year=2011 |pages=213 |isbn=988-5-93577-054-2 |language=ru |archive-date=2023-09-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925212100/http://www.rusbaptist.stunda.org/aven-ezer-primorje.pdf}}</ref>. Sian taon 1979, ia memimpin kerja organisasi anso mambaen pusat tu umat na giot marpindah. Di taon 1980, ia tarpili dadi sekretaris Dewan Gereja Pentakosta Soviet tu Emigrasi na baru dibaen<ref name="ostrovskaja" />. === Penjara dot Penganiayaan Pemerintah === Dadi anggota na paling aktif di komite umat na mangido emigrasi, ia dadi sasaran utama pemerintah Soviet<ref name="ostrovskaja" />. Di media lokal, dibaen kampanye fitnah na godang tu ia dot keluargania<ref name="ostrovskaja" />. Di tanggal 21 Agustus 1980, Perchatkin ditangkap di Nakhodka<ref name="ostrovskaja" />. Di ujung Maret 1981<ref name="dtic">[https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA145453.pdf Chronology of Soviet Dissidence: January 1970 through December 1982]</ref>, adong di Pasal 190.1 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana RSFSR ("pambagihon gabus na mambaen cela negara dot sosial Soviet"), ia dihukum 2 taon penjara<ref name="dtic"/>. Berdasarkan laporan sian siaran [[Voice of America]], saat pemeriksaan dot sidang, ia dilehen zat kimia (neuroleptik) na mambaen ia lupa piga-piga kali<ref name="ostrovskaja" />. Dung dibebaskan di Agustus 1982, ia torus mamparjuangkan hak marpindah. Tapi di Februari 1983, ia ditangkap ulang dot dihukum 1,5 taon penjara adong di Pasal 218 bagian 2 harana tuduhan mambawa senjata tajam secara ilegal<ref name="ostrovskaja" />. === Emigrasi tu Amerika Serikat dot Amandemen Lautenberg === Di taon 1987, ia mambaen laporan tu Kongres Amerika Serikat pasal "Keadaan Agama di Uni Soviet". Laporan i dijaha di Kongres dot Perchatkin diundang tu parjumpaan rap dot Menteri Luar Negeri Amerika Serikat [[George Shultz]]<ref name="romanovic"/> dot Ketua Mahkamah Agung Amerika Serikat [[William Rehnquist]]<ref name="romanovic"/>. Di Mei 1988, saat Presiden Amerika Serikat [[Ronald Reagan]] dot pemimpin Soviet [[Mikhail Gorbachev]] mambaen Konferensi Tingkat Tinggi di Moskow, Perchatkin diundang dadi perwakilan umat Protestan Soviet di delegasi 40 halak anso pajumpa dot Ibu Negara [[Nancy Reagan]]<ref name="gura_173">{{cite journal |last=Гура |first=В. О. |year=2018 |title=Історія та есхатологічні мотиви релігійної еміграції пізніх протестантів із СРСР 1987–2017 рр. |journal=Гілея: науковий вісник |issue=135 |pages=171—175 |issn=2076-1554 |url=http://www.irbis-nbuv.gov.ua/cgi-bin/irbis_nbuv/cgiirbis_64.exe?C21COM=2&I21DBN=UJRN&P21DBN=UJRN&IMAGE_FILE_DOWNLOAD=1&Image_file_name=PDF/gileya_2018_135_47.pdf |language=uk}}</ref>. Di parjumpaan i, ia mangalehen permohonan tu Reagan dot Gorbachev mangido kebebasan beragama dot hak marpindah tanpa halangan. Di tanggal 26 Juli 1988, Perchatkin marpindah rap dot sasudena keluargania tu Amerika Serikat<ref name="gura_173" /><ref name="ostrovskaja" />. Di tanggal 4 Agustus 1988, ia marpidato di [[Kongres Amerika Serikat]] pasal genosida umat beragama di Uni Soviet<ref name="gura_173" /><ref name="ostrovskaja" /><ref name="photo">{{cite web|url=https://russiainphoto.ru/photos/195013/|title=Foto - Boris Perchatkin|website=russiainphoto.ru|date=2023-09-26|language=ru}}</ref>. Harana usaha-usaha on<ref name="futornyj">{{cite journal|author=Виталий Футорный|title=25-летие начала исхода|url=https://issuu.com/afisha/docs/diaspora_08-11-13/9|journal=Диаспора. Славянская общественная газета|date=2013-08-11|volume=16|issue=15|pages=9|language=ru}}</ref>, di taon 1989 dibaen "Amandemen Lautenberg", na igelar sian goar senator [[New Jersey]] [[Frank Lautenberg]]. Di 10 taon pertama undang-undang on mardalan, hira-hira 350.000 pengungsi agama tinggal di Amerika Serikat<ref name="gura_173" /><ref name="semjonova" />, dot di taon 2010 jumlahnia sampe hira-hira 1 juta halak<ref name="romanovic"/>. === Aktivitas Hak Asasi Manusia di Amerika Serikat === Tinggal di Amerika Serikat, Perchatkin mambaen situs web pribadi dot mambaen organisasi hak asasi manusia Kristen ARRC (American-Russian Relief Committee)<ref name="ostrovskaja" /><ref name="romanovic"/><ref name="arrc">{{cite journal|author=United States Congress Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe|title=Unregistered Religious Groups in Russia: Hearing Before the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_YhIiVBx_5kC|year=2007|journal=U.S. Government Printing Office|isbn=978-0-16-077910-7|language=en}}</ref>. Ia pe mambuat buku autobiografi na megoar "Dalan Apia" (Bahasa Rusia: ''Огненные тропы'')<ref name="ostrovskaja" />. Di milas ni ari taon 2025, Perchatkin dot para pendukungnia mangalehen kesaksian di Departemen Luar Negeri Amerika Serikat dot Komisi Kebebasan Beragama Internasional Amerika Serikat (USCIRF), mangabaritahon penganiayaan umat Kristen pasifis di Ukraina dot Rusia. Di hubungan on, ia mambaen lobi anso mambaen kuota migrasi khusus tu umat Kristen pasifis sian Ukraina di program [[Uniting for Ukraine|U4U]]<ref name="slavicsac">{{cite web|url=https://www.slavicsac.com/2025/07/14/ukraine-russian-christians/|title=В США обсуждают защиту христиан из Украины и России|author=SlavicSac|website=Slavic Sacramento|date=2025-07-15|language=ru}}</ref>. == Penghormatan == Disiden Soviet na terkenal ima [[Andrei Sakharov]] manurat goar Boris Perchatkin secara langsung di esainia di taon 1981 na megoar "Tanggung Jawab Para Ilmuwan" di daftar para tahanan politik asing<ref name="sakharov">{{cite web|url=https://www.sakharov.space/lib/otvetstvennost-uchenyh|title=Сахаров. Ответственность учёных|website=sakharov.space|language=ru}}</ref>. == Referensi == <references /> == Pranala Luar == * {{cite journal |author = Michael Rowe |title = The Soviet pentecostal emigration movement |url = https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/epdf/10.1080/09637498308431098 |journal = Religion in Communist Lands |language = en |date = 2 January 2008 |volume = 11 |issue = 3 |pages = 337–339 |doi = 10.1080/09637498308431098 |ref = Rowe |url-access= subscription }} * {{cite journal |author = Catherine Wanner |title = Religion and Refugee Resettlement: Evolving Connections to Ukraine since World War II |url = https://brill.com/view/journals/css/44/1-2/article-p44_4.xml |journal = Canadian-American Slavic Studies |language = en |publisher = Brill Schöningh |date = January 2010 |volume = 44 |issue = 1–2 |pages = 44–66 |issn = 2210-2396 |doi = 10.1163/221023910X512796 |ref = Wanner |url-access= subscription}} * {{cite web |last=Special To the New York Times |date=1979-09-05 |title=Soviet Pentecostals Meet Illegally and Form Council |website=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1979/09/05/archives/soviet-pentecostals-meet-illegally-and-form-council-20-delegates.html |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310060316/https://www.nytimes.com/1979/09/05/archives/soviet-pentecostals-meet-illegally-and-form-council-20-delegates.html |archive-date=2018-03-10}} {{Authority control}} cs4sk4wi50jm0uguawlnvl08mcl9kka 10 2830 12456 2026-07-30T11:33:44Z Asorev 1670 ←Membuat halaman berisi '{{#invoke:EditAtWikidata |showMessage |qid={{{qid|}}} |pid={{{pid|}}} |nbsp={{{nbsp|}}} |{{{1|}}} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude>' 12456 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:EditAtWikidata |showMessage |qid={{{qid|}}} |pid={{{pid|}}} |nbsp={{{nbsp|}}} |{{{1|}}} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> k3dnbwgfi8ka45sgpcor4r8i5d2lmjb 828 2831 12457 2026-07-30T11:35:26Z Asorev 1670 ←Membuat halaman berisi '-- Module to display an icon with a tooltip such as "Edit this at Wikidata". -- Icon is linked to the Wikidata entry for the article where this is placed. -- This message is only displayed if a local_parameter is not supplied -- i.e. when called from a template, it can be coded not to display the message. -- The qid of a Wikidata entry can optionally be supplied for testing outside the article. -- Usage: -- {{#invoke:EditAtWikidata|showMessage|local_parameter}} -...' 12457 Scribunto text/plain -- Module to display an icon with a tooltip such as "Edit this at Wikidata". -- Icon is linked to the Wikidata entry for the article where this is placed. -- This message is only displayed if a local_parameter is not supplied -- i.e. when called from a template, it can be coded not to display the message. -- The qid of a Wikidata entry can optionally be supplied for testing outside the article. -- Usage: -- {{#invoke:EditAtWikidata|showMessage|local_parameter}} -- {{#invoke:EditAtWikidata|showMessage|qid=<ArticleID>|local_parameter}} local p = {} local i18n = { ["message"] = "Sunting di Wikidata" } local function trimToNil(text) -- Return trimmed non-empty text, or nil. if type(text) == 'string' then return text:match('(%S.-)%s*$') end end function p._showMessage(args) local local_parm = trimToNil(args[1]) if local_parm then return "" end -- Parameter qid=x specifies the Wikidata ID for the article. -- This is not normally used except for testing outside the article. local qid = trimToNil(args.qid) or mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() if qid and mw.wikibase.entityExists(qid) then -- Parameter pid=x uses x as an anchor in the link to the Wikidata entry. local anchor = trimToNil(args.pid) -- Parameter nbsp replaces the leading space with &nbsp; local space = trimToNil(args.nbsp) and "&nbsp;" or " " return space .. "[[File:OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg|frameless|text-top|10px" .. "|alt=" .. i18n.message .. "|link=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/" .. qid .. (anchor and ("#" .. anchor) or "") .. "|class=noprint" .. "|" .. i18n.message .. "]]" end return "" end function p.showMessage(frame) return p._showMessage(frame.args) end return p 01b76kqyrnn520oreup10600nlbzmsa