Селена Гомес

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    <title>Селена Гомес</title>
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      <text bytes="16968" sha1="tw2040a18hg3vtgjrcuxsay0m23d7qe" xml:space="preserve">{{Алдартай хүн
|нэрэ = Селена Мари Гомес}}
'''Селена Мари Гомес''' ({{lang-en|Selena Marie Gomez}}, 1992 оной 7 һарын 22-ндо түрэһэн) нь Америкийн дуушан, зүжэгшэ юм.

Багадаа “Барни ба түүний найзууд”-д тоглодог байхдаа жүжиглэх тухай бүхнийг сурч авсан гэж тэрээр ярьдаг. Магадгүй түүний ээж нь жүжигчин байсан учир тэр жүжигчин болохыг илүү их хүссэн байх. 5 настайд нь ээж аав 2 нь салж, 2006 онд ээж нь дахин гэрлэсэн байна. Селена тусламжийн зүйл их хийдэг. Саяхан 4 орон гэргүй нохой үрчилж авсан, мөн тэр [[ЮНИСЕФ]]-ийн хамгийн залуу элч билээ. Хамгийн сайн найз Демитэйгээ хамт &quot;Demi and Selena show&quot; гэсэн сериал хийж байсан. Мөн тэр [[Тэйлор Свифт]]тэй салшгүй сайн найзууд юм. Селена өөрийн гэсэн &quot;Selena Gomez and the Scene&quot; гэсэн хамтлагтай. 2009 оны дундуур &quot;Kiss and Tell&quot; хэмээх анхны цомгоо гаргасан. Одоогоор бөмбөр, гитар, төгөлдөр хуур тоглохыг сурч байгаа, бас хоолойны хичээл авч байгаа юм байна. Селена үргэлж гоё хувцасладаг хүмүүсийн жагсаалтыг тэргүүлдэг. 2008 онд Ник Жонастай болзож байгаад 12 сард салсан байна.&lt;ref&gt;[[:ru:Гомес, Селена]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:mn:Селена Гомес]]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Тоглосон кинонууд ==
{| border=&quot;2&quot; cellpadding=&quot;4&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 90%;&quot;
|- bgcolor=&quot;#CCCCCC&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;background: LightSteelBlue;&quot;|Кино
|- bgcolor=&quot;#CCCCCC&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;
! align=&quot;center&quot;| Он
! width=&quot;240&quot;| Кино
! width=&quot;150&quot;| Дүр
! Тайлбар
|-
|2003
|''[[Spy Kids 3-D: Game Over]]''
|Waterpark Girl
|Анхны дүр
|-
|2008
|''[[Horton Hears a Who! (film)|Horton Hears a Who!]]''
|Helga
|Дуу оруулсан
|-
|2009
|''[[Arthur and the Vengeance of Maltazard]]''
|Princess Selenia
|Дуу оруулсан &lt;small&gt;([[Мадонна]]гийн оронд)&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|2010
|''[[Ramona and Beezus]]''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://fatfreeart.com/2009/10/04/selena-gomez-joey-king-are-beezus-and-ramona/ |title=Selena Gomez, Joey King Are Beezus and Ramona |publisher=Artistdirect.com |date= |accessdate=2009-08-06 }}{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|[[Беатрис Бийзус Күимби]]
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|Гол дүр
|-
|2011
|''[[Монте Карло (2011 оны кино)|Монте Карло]]''&lt;ref&gt;http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1067774/&lt;/ref&gt;
|Грэйс
|- bgcolor=&quot;#CCCCCC&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;background: LightSteelBlue;&quot;|Телевизийн кино
|- bgcolor=&quot;#CCCCCC&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;
! Он
! Нэр
! Дүр
! Тайлбар
|-
|2005
|''Walker, Texas Ranger: Trial by Fire''
|Жули
|
|-
|2006
|''Brain Zapped''
|Эмили Грэйс Гарсиа
|
|-
| rowspan=2 | 2009
|''[[Гүнж нарыг хамгаалах ажиллагаа]]''
|Картэр Мэйсон
|rowspan=2 | [[Дисней сувгийн кино]]; Гол дүр
|-
|''[[Wizards of Waverly Place: The Movie]]''
|[[Алекс Руссо]]
|- bgcolor=&quot;#CCCCCC&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;background: LightSteelBlue;&quot;|DVD-гээр гарсан
|- bgcolor=&quot;#CCCCCC&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;
! Он
! Нэр
! Дүр
! Тайлбар
|-
|2008
|''[[Another Cinderella Story]]''
|Мэри Мантьяго
|Гол дүр
|- bgcolor=&quot;#CCCCCC&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;background: LightSteelBlue;&quot;|Олон ангит кино
|- bgcolor=&quot;#CCCCCC&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;
! Он
! Нэр
! Дүр
! Тайлбар
|-
|2002–2003
|''[[Барни ба түүний найзууд]]''
|Жанна
|Энэ улирлынх нь гол дүр
|-
|2007–оноос хойш
|''[[Wizards of Waverly Place]]''
|Алекс Руссо
|Гол дүр
|- bgcolor=&quot;#CCCCCC&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;background: LightSteelBlue;&quot;|Олон ангит кинонд зочноор тоголсон
|- bgcolor=&quot;#CCCCCC&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;
! Он
! Нэр
! Дүр
! Тайлбар
|-
|2006
|''[[The Suite Life of Zack &amp; Cody]]''
|Гвэн
|(улирал 2, анги 22) &quot;[[List of The Suite Life of Zack &amp; Cody episodes#ep48|Зун дундахь хардарж]]&quot;
|-
|2007–2008
|''[[Hannah Montana]]''
|Микайла
|(улирал 2, анги 13) &quot;[[List of Hannah Montana episodes#ep39|Би чамайг намайг ...Флорида луу яаваасай гэж хүсэхийг хүсч байна]]&quot;&lt;br /&gt; (улирал 2, анги 18) &quot;[[List of Hannah Montana episodes#ep44|Найзууд vvний толоо байдаг гэж vv?]]&quot;&lt;br /&gt;(улирал 2, анги 22) &quot;[[List of Hannah Montana episodes#ep49|(Биднийг уучлаарай) Эрл ах]]&quot; (uncredited)
|-
|rowspan=2 | 2009
|''[[Sonny With a Chance]]''
|өөрийн
|(улирал 1, анги 13) &quot;[[List of Sonny With a Chance episodes#ep13|Оддын тулалдаан]]&quot;
|-
|''[[The Suite Life on Deck]]''
|Алекс Руссо
|(улирал 1, анги 21) &quot;[[List of The Suite Life on Deck episodes#ep21|Давхар-сүлжилдсэн]]&quot;
|-
! colspan=4 style=&quot;background:#B0C4DE;&quot; | Клип
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! style=&quot;background: #CCCCCC;&quot; | Он
! style=&quot;background: #CCCCCC;&quot; | Нэр
! style=&quot;background: #CCCCCC;&quot; | Хамтлаг Дуучин
! style=&quot;background: #CCCCCC;&quot; | Бусад
|-
| 2008
| &quot;[[Burnin' Up]]&quot;
| [[Жонасын ах дүүс]]
| Ник Жонасын сайн охин
|}

== Цомог ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
!rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| Он
!rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| Цомгийн тухай
!colspan=&quot;10&quot;| Чартад эзэлсэн байрууд
!rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| [[List of music recording certifications|Certifications]]
|- style=&quot;font-size:smaller;&quot;
! width=&quot;30&quot;| [[Биллборд 200|АНУ]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/search/?keyword=Selena+Gomez#/artist/selena-gomez/chart-history/1011432?f=305&amp;g=Albums|title=Selena Gomez Album &amp; Song Chart History - Billboard 200|publisher=Billboard|accessdate=2010-02-04}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
! width=&quot;30&quot;| [[ARIA Charts|AUS]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;australia&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.australian-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Selena+Gomez|title=australian-charts.com - Hung Medien|publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]]|accessdate=2010-02-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;
!width=&quot;30&quot;|[[International Federation of the Phonographic Industry|AUT]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;austria&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://austriancharts.at/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Selena+Gomez|title=Discographie Selena Gomez &amp; The Scene|publisher=austriancharts.at. Hung Medien|language=German|accessdate=2010-09-05}}&lt;/ref&gt;
! width=&quot;30&quot;|[[Canadian Albums Chart|CAN]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/search/?keyword=Selena+Gomez#/artist/selena-gomez/chart-history/1011432?f=305&amp;g=Albums|title=Selena Gomez Album Chart History|publisher=Billboard|accessdate=2010-09-27}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
!width=&quot;30&quot;|[[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|FRA]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;france&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://lescharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Selena+Gomez|title=Discographie Selena Gomez &amp; The Scene|publisher=lescharts.com. Hung Medien|accessdate=2010-09-05|language=French}}&lt;/ref&gt;
!width=&quot;30&quot;|[[Media Control|GER]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://musicline.de/de/chartverfolgung_summary/artist/Gomez%2CSelena+%26+The+Scene/?type=longplay|title=Chartverfolgung / Selena Gomez &amp; the Scene / Longplay|publisher=musicline.de. Phononet|language=German|accessdate=2010-09-05|archivedate=2012-09-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120928063836/http://musicline.de/de/chartverfolgung_summary/artist/Gomez%2CSelena+%26+The+Scene/?type=longplay}}&lt;/ref&gt;
!width=&quot;30&quot;|[[Irish Albums Chart|IRE]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ireland&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://irish-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Selena+Gomez|title=Discography Selena Gomez &amp; the Scene|publisher=irish-charts.com. Hung Medien|accessdate=2010-09-05|archivedate=2018-11-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130123629/http://irish-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Selena+Gomez}}&lt;/ref&gt;
!width=&quot;30&quot;|[[Recording Industry Association of New Zealand|NZ]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;newzealand&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://charts.org.nz/showitem.asp?interpret=Selena+Gomez+%26+The+Scene&amp;titel=Kiss+%26+Tell&amp;cat=s|title=Discography Selena Gomez &amp; the Scene|publisher=charts.org.nz. Hung Medien|accessdate=2010-09-28|archivedate=2012-02-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206175346/http://charts.org.nz/showitem.asp?interpret=Selena+Gomez+%26+The+Scene&amp;titel=Kiss+%26+Tell&amp;cat=s}}&lt;/ref&gt;
!width=&quot;30&quot;|[[Swiss Music Charts|SWI]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://swisscharts.com/search.asp?cat=a&amp;artist=selena+gomez&amp;artist_search=starts&amp;title=&amp;title_search=starts|title=Extended Search: Selena Gomez &amp; the Scene albums|publisher=swisscharts.com. Hung Medien|language=German|accessdate=2010-09-05}}&lt;/ref&gt;
!width=&quot;30&quot;|[[UK Albums Chart|UK]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ukcharts&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.chartstats.com/artistinfo.php?id=12559|title=Chart Stats - Selena Gomez &amp;amp; The Scene|publisher=[[The Official Chart Company]]|accessdate=2010-09-05|archiveurl=https://archive.ph/20121206024303/http://www.chartstats.com/artistinfo.php?id=12559|archivedate=2012-12-06}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2009
|align=&quot;left&quot;| '''''[[Kiss &amp; Tell (Selena Gomez &amp; the Scene album)|Kiss &amp; Tell]]'''''
* Released: September 29, 2009
* Label: [[Hollywood Records|Hollywood]]
* Formats: [[Compact Disc|CD]], [[Music download|digital download]]
| 9
| —
| 4
| 22
| 24
| 19
| 14
| 21
| 36
| 12
|align=&quot;left&quot;| 
* [[Recording Industry Association of America|US]]:  Gold&lt;ref name=&quot;riaacertifications&quot;&gt;[http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?resultpage=1&amp;table=SEARCH_RESULTS&amp;action=&amp;title=&amp;artist=selena&amp;format=&amp;debutLP=&amp;category=&amp;sex=&amp;releaseDate=&amp;requestNo=&amp;type=&amp;level=&amp;label=hollywood&amp;company=&amp;certificationDate=&amp;awardDescription=&amp;catalogNo=&amp;aSex=&amp;rec_id=&amp;charField=&amp;gold=&amp;platinum=&amp;multiPlat=&amp;level2=&amp;certDate=&amp;album=&amp;id=&amp;after=on&amp;before=on&amp;startMonth=1&amp;endMonth=9&amp;startYear=2000&amp;endYear=2010&amp;sort=Artist&amp;perPage=25 Gold &amp;amp; Platinum - Selena Gomez &amp; the Scene] [[Recording Industry Association of America]]. Retrieved 2010-09-05.&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2010
|align=&quot;left&quot;| '''''[[A Year Without Rain]]'''''
* Гарсан: 09.17.2010
* Label: Hollywood
* Formats: CD, digital download
| 4&lt;ref&gt;http://www.billboard.com/news/zac-brown-band-bows-at-no-1-on-billboard-1004117424.story?tag=hpfeed#/news/zac-brown-band-bows-at-no-1-on-billboard-1004117424.story?tag=hpfeed&lt;/ref&gt;
| —
| —
| 6&lt;ref&gt;http://www.billboard.com/charts/canadian-albums#/charts/canadian-albums&lt;/ref&gt;
| —
| —
| —
| —
| 37&lt;ref&gt;http://hitparade.ch/showitem.asp?interpret=Selena+Gomez+%26+The+Scene&amp;titel=A+Year+Without+Rain&amp;cat=a&lt;/ref&gt;
| —
|align=&quot;center&quot;| —
|-
|}
== Сингл ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| Он
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| Сингл
! colspan=&quot;10&quot;| Чартад эзэлсэн байрууд
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Цомог
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Music recording sales certification|Certifications]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;([[List of music recording sales certifications|sales thresholds]])&lt;/small&gt;
|- style=&quot;font-size:smaller;&quot;
! width=&quot;30&quot;| [[Billboard Hot 100|US]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/search/?keyword=Selena+Gomez#/artist/selena-gomez/chart-history/1011432?f=379&amp;g=Singles|title=Selena Gomez Album &amp; Song Chart History - Hot 100|publisher=Billboard|accessdate=2010-02-04}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://acharts.us/song/49198|title=Selena Gomez &amp; The Scene - Falling Down - Music Charts|publisher=acharts.us|accessdate=2010-02-05}}&lt;/ref&gt;
! width=&quot;30&quot;| [[ARIA Charts|AUS]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;australia&quot;/&gt;
!width=&quot;30&quot;|[[International Federation of the Phonographic Industry|AUT]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;austria&quot;/&gt;
! width=&quot;30&quot;|[[Canadian Hot 100|CAN]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/search/?keyword=Selena+Gomez#/artist/selena-gomez/chart-history/1011432?f=793&amp;g=Singles|title=Selena Gomez Album &amp; Song Chart History - Canadian Hot 100|publisher=Billboard|accessdate=2010-02-04}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
!width=&quot;30&quot;|[[Media Control|GER]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://musicline.de/de/chartverfolgung_summary/title/Gomez%2CSelena+%26+The+Scene/Naturally+%282-track%29/single|title=Chartverfolgung / Selena Gomez &amp; the Scene / Single|publisher=musicline.de. Phononet|language=German|accessdate=2010-09-05|archivedate=2017-03-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170315001546/http://musicline.de/de/chartverfolgung_summary/title/Gomez%2CSelena+%26+The+Scene/Naturally+%282-track%29/single}}&lt;/ref&gt;
!width=&quot;30&quot;|[[Irish Singles Chart|IRE]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ireland&quot;/&gt;
!width=&quot;30&quot;|[[Recording Industry Association of New Zealand|NZ]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;newzealand&quot;/&gt;
!width=&quot;30&quot;|[[Swiss Music Charts|SWI]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://swisscharts.com/search.asp?cat=s&amp;artist=selena+gomez&amp;artist_search=starts&amp;title=&amp;title_search=starts|title=Extended Search: Selena Gomez &amp; the Scene singles|publisher=swisscharts.com. Hung Medien|language=German|accessdate=2010-09-05}}&lt;/ref&gt;
!width=&quot;30&quot;|[[UK Singles Chart|UK]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ukcharts&quot;/&gt;

!width=&quot;30&quot;|[[IFPI|SK]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.ifpicr.cz/hitparadask/index.php?a=titul&amp;hitparada=18&amp;titul=146012&amp;sec=ea3510b9b49e5ed47e3671d4dd51d45c&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2009
| align=&quot;left&quot;| &quot;[[Falling Down (Selena Gomez &amp; the Scene song)|Falling Down]]&quot;
| 82
| —
| —
| 69
| —
| —
| —
| —
| —
| —
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|''Kiss &amp; Tell''
| —
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot;| 2010
| align=&quot;left&quot;| &quot;[[Naturally (Selena Gomez &amp; the Scene song)|Naturally]]&quot;
| 29
| 46
| 37
| 18
| 14
| 7
| 20
| 54
| 7
| 2
|align=&quot;left&quot;|
* [[Recording Industry Association of America|US]]: Platinum&lt;ref name=&quot;riaacertifications&quot; /&gt;
* [[Canadian Recording Industry Association|CAN]]: Platinum&lt;ref name=&quot;criacertifications&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://cria.ca/gold/0410_g.php|title=(CRIA):  Gold &amp;amp; Platinum - January 2005|publisher=[[Canadian Recording Industry Association]]|accessdate=2010-09-05}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot;| &quot;[[Round &amp; Round (Selena Gomez &amp; the Scene song)|Round &amp; Round]]&quot;
| 24
| —
| —
| 51
| —
| —
| —
| —
| —
| 39
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | ''A Year Without Rain''
| —
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot;| &quot;[[A Year Without Rain (song)|A Year Without Rain]]&quot;
| 35
| —
| —
| 30
| —
| —
| —
| —
| —
| —
| —
|-
| colspan=&quot;19&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10pt&quot;| &lt;small&gt;&quot;—&quot; denotes releases that did not chart&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|}
== Бусад ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Он
! Дуу
! Цомог
|-
| 2009
|&quot;[[Winter Wonderland]]&quot;
| ''[[All Wrapped Up Vol. 2]]
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot;| 2010
|&quot;[[Ramona and Beezus#Soundtrack|Live Like There's No Tomorrow]]&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot;| ''[[Ramona and Beezus#Soundtrack|Ramona and Beezus OST]]''
|-
|}
== Клип ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Он
! Видео
! Найруулагч
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| 2009
| &quot;Falling Down&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| Крис Дүүли
|-
| &quot;Naturally&quot;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| 2010
| &quot;Round &amp; Round&quot;
| Филип Андельман&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.partizan.com/partizan/musicvideos/?philip_andelman |accessdate=2012-11-04 |archivedate=2006-05-05 |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20060505235734/http://www.partizan.com/partizan/musicvideos/?philip_andelman }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| &quot;A Year Without Rain&quot;
| Крис Дүүли&lt;ref&gt;[http://tvbythenumbers.com/2010/08/27/disney-channel-to-present-premiere-of-selena-gomez-the-scenes-music-video-a-year-without-rain-friday-september-3/61274 Disney Channel to Present Premiere of Selena Gomez &amp; The Scene’s Music Video “A Year Without Rain,” Friday, September 3] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100829092613/http://tvbythenumbers.com/2010/08/27/disney-channel-to-present-premiere-of-selena-gomez-the-scenes-music-video-a-year-without-rain-friday-september-3/61274 |date=2010-08-29 }}. TV by the Numbers. August 27, 2010. Retrieved August 27, 2010.&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2011
| &quot;Who says&quot;
|-
|}

== Ажаглалата ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Холбооһон ==
{{Commonscat|Selena Gomez}}
* [http://www.selenagomez.com/ Официальный сайт]

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  <page>
    <title>IPhone</title>
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      <text bytes="16300" sha1="2fvxpwnhbb6e8vv2tikg27oylt9ecla" xml:space="preserve">[[File:IPhone models.jpg|300px|thumb|iPhone 15, iPhone 15 Pro]]
iOS 2.2.1 үйлэдэлэй системэтэй '''iPhone''' (&lt;small&gt;IPA:&lt;/small&gt; {{IPA|[ˈaɪfoʊn]}}) - ой буряад тобшолуур.&lt;ref&gt;[http://buryadxelen.com/download/ Татаса]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Түүх ==
Утасны анхны төсөл болох &quot;Purple 1&quot; кодчлолыг хийж дуусаагүй байна.

Apple-ийн дараагийн алхам бол 2005 оны 9-р сард зах зээлд нэвтэрсэн Motorola ROKR гар утсыг бүтээхэд оролцох явдал байв. Төхөөрөмж нь тоглогчийн хувьд байрласан бөгөөд iTunes тоглуулагчтай нягт уялдаатай байв. Утсан дахь тоглогчийн интерфэйсийг Apple компани бүтээсэн бөгөөд iPod-ийн интерфейстэй төстэй байв. Гэсэн хэдий ч дизайн муутай, ажиллагаа муутайгаас болж утас нь хэзээ ч өргөн тархаагүй бөгөөд жилийн алдаа гэж нэрлэдэг байв.

Motorola ROKR-ийн амжилтанд хүрээгүй ч 2005 оны 2-р сард Стив Жобс гар утасны оператор Cingular-тай хоер талын түншлэлийн хэлэлцээр байгуулж, Түүний компани боломжтой бөгөөд өөрийн төхөөрөмжийг нэвтрүүлэх бодолтой байгаагаа мэдэгдэв. IPhone-ийн хөгжил нь хатуу нууцын уур амьсгалд явагдсан. Бүтээгдэхүүний янз бүрийн эд анги (Програм хангамж, техник хангамж) дээр ажилладаг инженерүүд хоорондоо харилцах боломжгүй байв. Cingular-тай хэлэлцээ хийхийн тулд Apple-ийн төлөөлөгчид түнш компани Infineon-ийн ажилчдын нэрээр бүртгүүлсэн. Төсөл нь &quot;Нил ягаан 2&quot;гэсэн дотоод нэртэй байв.

2006 оны 12-р сарын 18-нд ижил нэртэй Cisco VoIP утсыг гаргасны дараа олон хүмүүс Apple-ийн гар утас хэзээ ч бүтэхгүй гэж бодож байсан. Энэ үед Apple-ийн инженерүүд утас эсвэл наад зах нь ажлын прототипийг заасан хугацаанд гаргана гэж найдаж үргэлжлүүлэн ажилласаар байв.

== Характеристик ==
* [[GSM]]/[[EDGE]]: 850/900/1800/1900
* [[Wi-Fi]] 802.11b/g
* [[Bluetooth]] 2.0 + EDR
* [[USB]] 2.0
=== iPhone 3G, 3GS ===

* [[GSM]]/[[EDGE]]: 850/900/1800/1900
* [[UMTS]]/[[HSDPA]]: 850/1900/2100
* [[Wi-Fi]] 802.11b/g
* [[Bluetooth]] 2.0/2.1 + EDR
* [[GPS]]
* [[A-GPS]]
* [[USB]] 2.0&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 | url         = http://www.apple.com/quicktime/qtv/mwsf07/
 | title       = MacWorld San Francisco 2007 Keynote Address
 | publisher   = Apple
 | description = Видеозапись презентации
 | lang        = en
 | accessdate  = 14 апреля 2010
 | deadlink    = 404
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
=== iPhone 4 ===
[[File:IPhone 4 Black.jpg|180px|right|iPhone 4]]
* [[GSM]]/[[EDGE]]: 850/900/1800/1900
* [[UMTS]]/[[HSDPA]]/[[HSUPA]]: 850/900/1900/2100
* [[Wi-Fi]] 802.11b/g/n
* [[Bluetooth]] 2.1 + EDR
* [[GPS]]
* [[A-GPS]]
* [[USB]] 2.0&lt;ref name='iphone4_specs'&gt;{{cite web
 |url         = http://www.apple.com/iphone/specs.html
 |title       = iPhone 4 Technical Specifications
 |date        = 7 июня 2010
 |accessdate  = 7 июня 2010
 |archiveurl  = https://web.archive.org/web/20120905110317/http://www.apple.com/iphone/specs.html
 |archivedate = 2012-09-05
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
=== iPhone 4S ===
[[File:IPhone 4S No shadow.png|90px|right|iPhone 4S]]
* [[GSM]]/[[EDGE]]: 850/900/1800/1900
* [[UMTS]]/[[HSDPA]]/[[HSUPA]]: 850/900/1900/2100
* [[CDMA]]
* [[Wi-Fi]] 802.11b/g/n
* [[Bluetooth]] 4.0
* [[GPS]]
* [[A-GPS]]
* [[USB]] 2.0&lt;ref name=&quot;iP4S US unlocked&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=iPhone 4S – Apple Store (U.S.)|url=http://store.apple.com/us/browse/home/shop_iphone/family/iphone/iphone4s?mco=MjU5MTk4NzE|publisher=Apple Inc|accessdate=October 7, 2011|archivedate=June 26, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120626100950/http://store.apple.com/us/browse/home/shop_iphone/family/iphone/iphone4s?mco=MjU5MTk4NzE}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=dan&gt;{{Cite web |title=iPhone 4S Pre-Orders Begin, by Daniel Ionescu, PC World, October 7, 2011 |url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/241372/iphone_4s_preorders_begin.html |accessdate=September 1, 2012 |archivedate=February 22, 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222204728/http://www.pcworld.com/article/241372/iphone_4s_preorders_begin.html }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=AT&amp;T: Initial demand for iPhone 4S 'extraordinary', The Associated Press, Oct. 7, 2011 |url=http://www.sacbee.com/2011/10/07/3968450/att-initial-demand-for-iphone.html |accessdate=2012-09-01 |archivedate=2011-10-10 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111010162520/http://www.sacbee.com/2011/10/07/3968450/att-initial-demand-for-iphone.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== iPhone 5 ===
2012 оны 9-р сарын 12-нд Калифорни мужийн Сан Франциско хотод зургаа дахь үеийн iPhone, iPhone 5-ыг танилцууллаа.

==== Гол шинэчлэл ====

* Том 4 инчийн дэлгэц (хуучин загвар нь 3.5 инч харьцуулахад)
* 1.3 GHz-ийн цаг хурд нь хоер цөмт Apple-ийн A6 процессор
* RAM 1 GB нэмэгдсэн
* IOS 6 үйлдлийн системийг шинэчилсэн
* &quot;Нано-сим&quot; стандартын сим картуудын дэмжлэг»
* Шинэ Lightning Dock Холбогч
* 4G LTE сүлжээг дэмжих

==== Шүүмжлэл ====

* 6.0 индекс бүхий iOS-ийн шинэ хувилбарыг нэгэн зэрэг гаргахад дагалдаж байсан iPhone 5-ийн борлуулалт эхэлснээс хойш хэрэглэгчид дараах жижиг асуудлуудыг тодорхойлсон байна:
* Дэлгэц нь асуудал. Бараг тэр даруй борлуулалт эхэлснээс хойш зарим хэрэглэгчид гялалзах талаар гомдол хүлээн авч эхлэв. Хэрэглэгчид мөн &quot;bubble effect&quot; гэж нэрлэгддэг бөгөөд дэлгэц дээрх дүрс нь хүрч хэлбэрээ алддаг талаар гомдоллов.
* Зураг дээр толбо. Зарим зурагнууд нь харанхуй өрөөнд тод гэрлийн эх үүсвэрийн хажууд ягаан өнгийн halo-ийн нөлөөг харуулдаг. Хэрэглэгчдийн үзэж байгаагаар энэ нь камерын линзийг гэмтээхээс хамгаалахад ашигладаг индранил болортой холбоотой байж магадгүй юм.
* Хамрах хүрээний асуудал. Хөнгөн цагаан хайрцаг нь Зураас, чипэнд өртөмтгий байдаг, ялангуяа төхөөрөмжийн булан, хажуугийн нүүрнээс тоосжилт арилдаг. Энэ асуудал нь хар хамгийн эхний бичил хэсгүүд нь төхөөрөмжийг худалдан авсан хэрэглэгчид тулгарч байна, Цагаан iPhone 5 Энэ асуудал байхгүй байна.
* Хурдан зай урсах. Зарим хэрэглэгчдийн үзэж байгаагаар ухаалаг гар утасны батерей нь унтах горимд байхдаа нэг цагийн дотор цэнэгийнхээ 10-15% - ийг алдсан байна. Хамгийн магадлалтай нь энэ асуудал iOS 6 үйлдлийн системийн шинэ хувилбартай холбоотой бөгөөд дараагийн iOS шинэчлэлтүүдэд шийдэгдсэн байна.

=== iPhone 5С ===
2013 оны 9-р сарын 10-нд ирүүлсэн. Энэ нь таван өнгөөр хийгдсэн (цэнхэр, ногоон, ягаан, шар, цагаан). Энэ нь iOS 7 үйлдлийн систем дээр ажилладаг, Apple A6 процессорыг агуулдаг бөгөөд ерөнхийдөө Iphone 5-ийн тоног төхөөрөмжийн чадвартай ойролцоо байдаг. Утасны хайрцаг нь поликарбонатаар хийгдсэн (илүү үнэтэй iPhone 5S нь хөнгөн цагаан, шил ашигладаг). &quot;C &quot;дагавар нь англи өнгө — &quot;өнгө&quot;гэсэн утгатай.

=== iPhone 5s ===
2013 оны 9-р сарын 10-нд ирүүлсэн.

==== Гол шинэчлэл: ====

* IOS 7 үйлдлийн системийг шинэчилсэн
* Шинэчлэгдсэн Apple A7 64 битийн процессор
* Нэмэгдсэн Apple M7 coprocessor
* Нэмэгдсэн Touch ID хурууны хээ нь скан хийгчийн
* &quot;Сансрын саарал&quot;, алт, харин уламжлалт хар арилгаж байна: тохиолдолд өнгө дизайны шинэ Сонголт нэмэгдсэн
* Сайжруулсан арын болон урд камер (арын-8 УИХ-ын гишүүн, урд-1.2 УИХ-ын гишүүн), секундэд 120 хүрээнд видео бичлэг нэмж, олон удаагийн горим
* LTE давтамжийн өргөтгөсөн хүрээ, ОХУ-ын хүмүүсээ зэрэг
* Siri бета туршилтын байдал гарч ирээд, ийм гэрэлтэйгээр өөрчлөх гэх мэт хэд хэдэн онцлог, сурсан
* Iphone 3GS ба iPhone 4s-ээс ялгаатай нь iPhone 5s-д &quot; s &quot; гэсэн дагавар нь аюулгүй байдал (аюулгүй байдал), өөрөөр хэлбэл Touch ID байгаа гэсэн үг юм.

=== iPhone 6 болон iPhone 6 Plus ===
2014 оны 9-р сарын 9-нд ирүүлсэн.

==== Гол шинэчлэл ====

* Дэлгэцийн диагоналийг эрс нэмэгдүүлсэн-iPhone 6-ийн хувьд 4.7 инч, iPhone 6 Plus-ийн хувьд 5.5 инч хүртэл
* IOS 8 үйлдлийн системийг шинэчилсэн
* Шинэчлэгдсэн 64 битийн Apple A8 процессор
* Шинэчлэгдсэн Apple M8 Coprocessor
* Сайжруулсан арын камер
* Нэмэгдсэн NFC модуль болон Apple-ийн Pay програмыг ашиглан худалдан авалт төлөх чадвар
* iPhone 6s болон iPhone 6S Plus
* 2015 оны 9 дүгээр сарын 9-ний өдөр ирүүлсэн.

=== iPhone 6s болон iPhone 6S Plus ===

==== Гол шинэчлэл: ====

* RAM 2 GB болж нэмэгдсэн
* Apple Watch-тай төстэй 3d мэдрэгчтэй дэлгэцийн хүч таних систем
* Шинэчлэгдсэн Apple A9 процессор
* Шинэчлэгдсэн Apple M9 coprocessor
* Сайжруулсан үндсэн камер, 12 УИХ-ын гишүүн нь тогтоол хүлээн авсан
* Сайжруулсан урд талын камер, 5 УИХ-ын гишүүн нь тогтоол хүлээн авсан
* Шинэчлэгдсэн Touch ID 2 бүр ч хурдан зөвшөөрөл нь
* IOS 9 системийг шинэчилсэн
* Олон шинэ програм хангамжийн онцлог
* Iphone 3GS, iPhone 4s, iPhone 5s-ээс ялгаатай нь iPhone 6s болон iPhone 6S Plus загварын нэрс нь 7000 Цуврал Хөнгөн цагааны хайлшийг ашигладаг тул&quot; s &quot; дагаварыг хүчтэй ашигладаг

=== iPhone SE тохиолдолд. ===
2016 оны 3 дугаар сарын 21-ний өдөр ирүүлсэн. Нэрээр SE нь &quot;тусгай хэвлэл&quot; гэсэн утгатай. Ижил төстэй iPhone 5s-ээс ялгаатай нь Аноджуулсан Хөнгөн цагаанаар хийсэн өндөр чанартай биетэй, тоног төхөөрөмжийн шинэчилсэн платформтой.

==== Гол шинэчлэл: ====

* IPhone 6s нь &quot;дүүргэлт&quot;.
* IPhone 5S-ийн загвар, өнгөт схемийн шинэ хувилбар &quot;rose gold&quot;.

=== iPhone 7 болон iPhone 7 Plus ===
2016 оны 9-р сарын 7-нд танилцуулж, A10 Fusion процессор болон M10 копроцессорыг хүлээн авсан&lt;ref&gt;[https://ifix.ua/blog/remont-iphone-7-plus-s-mnozhestvennymi-problemami/ iPhone 7 Plus засварын онцлог]{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;.

==== Гол шинэчлэл: ====

* Ямар ч 3.5 мм-ийн аудио Жак (мини Жак). Чихэвчийг холбоход аянга холбогч, TRS 3.5 мм адаптертай аянга, эсвэл утасгүй чихэвч (ялангуяа Apple AirPods) санал болгодог.
* Тал дээр стерео чанга яригч ашиглах (доод ба дээд).
* 16 ба 64 гигабайт хувилбаруудыг орхих.
* IP67 стандартын дагуу ус, тоосны хамгаалалт.

=== iPhone 8, iPhone 8 Plus ба iPhone X ===
2017 оны 9-р сарын 12-нд танилцуулж, Apple A11 Bionic процессор болон M11 копроцессорыг хүлээн авсан.

* &quot;Арав&quot; - ын гол шинэлэг зүйл бол дэлгэцийн доод хэсэгт байрлах Home товчлуур байхгүй (одоо фрэймгүй болсон), босоо хос камер, диагональ бүхий OLED дэлгэц 5.8 инч болж нэмэгдсэн, шинэ түгжих технологи бөгөөд үүнийг Face ID гэж нэрлэдэг.
* IPhone 8/8 Plus нь өмнөхүүдээсээ (iPhone 7 болон iPhone 7 Plus) ялгаатай нь хэргийн материалын өөрчлөлт (арын самбар нь одоо шилээр хийгдсэн) ба шинэ A11 процессор юм.

== Лавлах бичиг ==

&lt;references/&gt;
== Хэтдээ унших ==
* ''Д. Пог''. iPhone 3G. Недостающая инструкция. — М.: «ЭКОМ», 2009. — 368 с. ISBN 978-5-9790-0082-4.
* ''П. Макфедрис, Д. Пабиан''. Все секреты iPhone 3G . — М.: «[[Эксмо]]», 2009. — 272 с. ISBN 978-5-699-33298-4.
* ''Дж. Здзиарски''. iPhone. Разработка приложений с открытым кодом. — СПб.: «[[БХВ-Петербург]]», 2009. — 368 с. ISBN 978-5-9775-0397-6.
* ''К. Брин''. iPhone. Полный карманный справочник. — СПб.: «[[Символ-Плюс]]», 2008. — 240 с. ISBN 5-93286-120-7.
* ''Дж. Здзиарски''. iPhone SDK. Разработка приложений. — СПб.: «БХВ-Петербург», 2010. — 506 с. ISBN 978-5-9775-0178-1.
* ''П. Бакли, Д. Кларк''. iPhone. Руководство к самому технологичному телефону в мире . — М.: «[[АСТ (издательство)|АСТ]]», 2008. — 384 с. ISBN 978-5-17-054756-2.
* ''Брайан Чен''. Всегда на связи. Как iPhone навсегда изменил нашу жизнь. — М.: «[[Манн, Иванов и Фербер]]», 2011. — 208 с. ISBN 978-5-91657-273-5.
== Холбооһон ==
{{commons|IPhone}}
* [http://www.apple.com/ru/iphone/ iPhone] на официальном сайте Apple ({{ref-ru}})
* [[:ru:iPhone 4s|iPhone 4s]]
* [[:ru:iPhone 5|iPhone 5]]
* [https://isupport.kz/remont-iphone-almaty/iphone-12pro iPhone 12 Pro]

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    <title>Улас оронуудай жагсаалта</title>
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      <text bytes="133750" sha1="7xrdm50up2boqe3slrjfvfwie5m24f9" xml:space="preserve">&lt;!-- Please discuss at talk before adding a map here. There are neutrality issues to resolve. --&gt;
[[File:Palais des Nations unies, à Genève.jpg|alt=A long row of flags|thumb|upright=1.2|[[Женева]] дахи [[Үндэһэтэнүүдэй Ордон]]ой үмэнэ [[Нэгэдэһэн Үндэһэтэнэй Байгуулга|НҮБ]]-ын [[НҮБ-ын гэшүүн уласууд|гэшүүн]] ба гэшүүн бэшэ ЮА ажаглагша гүрэнүүдэй туг.]]

Доорохи жагсаалта нь бүхэдэлхэйн [[Бүрин эрхэтэ улас|сувереннэ уласуудай]] статус, [[Суверенитет|суверенитетые]] зүбшөөһэн талаар мэдээсэлые байлгаһан жагсаалта юм.

Жагсаалтада ороһон 206 уласые [[НҮБ-ын системэ|НҮБ-ын системээр]] гэшүүн байлгагаар гурбан категорида хубаажа болоно: 193 [[НҮБ-ын гэшүүн уласууд|гэшүүн улас]],&lt;ref name=&quot;unms&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=United Nations Member States|url=https://www.un.org/en/members/index.shtml|publisher=United Nations|author=Press Release ORG/1469|access-date=November 3, 2019|date=3 July 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230101646/http://www.un.org/en/members/index.shtml|archive-date=30 December 2013|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[НҮБ-ын Юрэнхы Ассамблейн ажаглагшад|ЮА ажаглагша]] 2 улас, ба бусад 11 улас. ''Бүрин эрхэтэ байдалай арсалдаанай'' баганада арсалдаангүй бүрин эрхэтэ уласууд (188 улас), бүрин эрхын арсалдаантай уласууд (16 улас, 6 гэшүүн улас, 1 ЮА ажаглагша улас, ба бусад 9 улас байдаг), ба [[Кукай арал ба Ниуэгэй улас түрын статус|улас түрын тусхай статустай]] уласууд (2 улас) байдаг.

[[Бүрин эрхэтэ улас|Гүрэн байлгын критериин]] улас оронуудай хамтын бүлгэмэй бүхэ гэшүүдтэ заабол дагажа мүрдэхэ тодорхойлолто байдаггүй тула иимэ жагсаалта гаргаха нь түбэгтэй ба зүршэлдөөнтэй ябаса байжа болохо юм. Энэ жагсаалтын агуулгые тодорхойлходо ашаглаһан критериудай талаар дэлгэрэнгы мэдээсэл абахын тулада доорохи ''[[#Оруулха критери|оруулха критериие]] үзэгты. 

== Оруулха критери ==
Гүрэн байлгын [[Юрын уласхоорондын хуули|уласхоорондын хуулида булюу байха]] журам болбол [[1933 оной Монтевидеогой конвенци|1933 оной Монтевидеогой конвенциор]] кодифицировалһан [[Бүрин эрхэтэ улас#Тунхаглалай теори|гүрэн байлгын тунхаглалай теори]] юм. Энэ конвенцидэ гүрэные &quot;(a) байнгын хүн зон; (b) тодорхойлһон нютаг; (c) засагай газар; ба (d) бусад гүрэнүүдтэй харилсаанда орохо шадабаритай&quot; байбала уласхоорондын [[Хуулиин нюур|хуулида нюур]] гээшэ тодорхойлһон байдаг, гэбэшье'' энэ шанаруудые ''&quot;зэбсэг хэрэглэхэ, дипломат түлөөлэгшые занаха гү, али бусад үрэтэй албадаһан аргаар&quot; абаһан болбол тоосохогүй''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author=Hersch Lauterpacht|title=Recognition in International Law|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EWgEv1Qq2TwC&amp;pg=PA419|year=2012|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|page=419|isbn=9781107609433}}&lt;/ref&gt;''

[[Дипломат зүбшөөлгэ|Хүлээн зүбшөөлгые]] хэр зэргэ гүрэн байлгын критери болгон оруулха талаар арсалдаан хэгдэжэ байна. Гүрэн байлгын тунхаглалай теоринь гүрэн байлгань сэбэр объективнэ ба бусад уласуудай зүбшөөлгэнь хамаагүй гээшэ үзэдэг. Нүгөө таладань [[Бүрин эрхэтэ улас#Бүридүүлэгшэ теори|гүрэн байлгын бүридүүлэгшэ теоринь]] зүбхэн бусад [[Суверенитет|тусгаар]] уласууд зүбшөөһэн тохёолдолдо уласхоорондын хуулида нюур гээшэ тоосогдодог. Энэ жагсаалтада өөртөө бүрин эрхэтэ улас гэжэ үзэдэг бүхы уласууд (тусгаар тогтонолой тунхаглал гү, али бусад аргаар) багтаһан гү, али:

* гүрэн байлгын тунхаглалай теориие хангаһан гэжэ үзэдэг ''гү, али''
* [[НҮБ-ын гэшүүн уласууд|НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас]] багадаа нэгэ улас тусгаар тогтониһон улас гэжэ зүбшөөһэн байха

== Гүрэнүүдэй жагсаалта ==
{| class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; style=&quot;background:white; text-align:left;&quot;
! width=&quot;300pt&quot; |Юрэнхы ба албан нэрэнүүд
! width=&quot;150pt&quot; |[[НҮБ-ын системэ|НҮБ-ын системын]] гэшүүн байлга
! width=&quot;150pt&quot; |Суверенитедэй арсалдаан
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Суверенитедэй статус ба зүбшөөгдэһэн байдалай нэмэлтэ мэдээсэл
|- style=&quot;background:Darkgrey;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A AAA&lt;/span&gt;
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A AAA&lt;/span&gt;
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A AAA&lt;/span&gt;
|
|- style=&quot;background:Lightgrey;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;↓ [[НҮБ-ын гэшүүн уласууд]] ба [[НҮБ-ын Юрэнхы Ассамблейн ажаглагшад|Юрэнхы Ассамблейн ажаглагша уласууд]] ↓
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A AAA&lt;/span&gt;
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;
|
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Абхази → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Абхази|Абхазиин жагсаалтые харагты]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Азербайджан}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Азербайджан Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}Азербайджанда, [[Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Автономито Нахчыванай Улас|Нахчыван]], гэдэг нэгэ автономито гүрэн байдаг Азербайджанай баруун-урда хэсэгтэ ''де-факто'' [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Арцах|Арцах]] улас байгуулагдаба.
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''[[Афганистан]]'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; [[НҮБ-ын гэшүүн уласууд|НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас]]
|Үгы
{{extent}}НҮБ мүнөөнэй байдалаар {{flag|Лалын Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Афганистан Улас}}ые, ''де-факто'' засагай газар {{flag|Лалын Эмиртэ Афганистан Улас}}ай орондо, Афганистанай засагай газар гэжэ зүбшөөһэн.&lt;ref name=&quot;akhund2&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=7 September 2021|title=Taliban announce new government for Afghanistan|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-58479750}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;UN_Seats_Denied&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=1 December 2021|title=U.N. Seats Denied, for Now, to Afghanistan’s Taliban and Myanmar’s Junta|work=nytimes|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/01/world/americas/united-nations-taliban-myanmar.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Албани}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Албани Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Алжир }}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Арадшалаһан Алжир Арад Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Андорро}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Андоррын Гүнтэ Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}Андорродо түрын тэргүүнэй албаные [[Францын юрэнхылэгшэ]] ба, [[Арюун Шэрээ]]нэй зүбшөөлээр томилогдодог, Римэй Католик шажанай Урхелиин хамба лам,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/country_profiles/992562.stm#leaders|title=Andorra country profile|work=BBC News|access-date=8 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090215064605/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/country_profiles/992562.stm#leaders|archive-date=15 February 2009|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; нара гүйсэдхэдэг [[Диархи|хамтарһан засаглал]] юм.
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Ангола}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Ангола Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Антигуа ба Барбуда}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}Антигуа ба Барбуда болбол, [[Барбуда]] гэдэг нэгэ автономито можотой [[Хамтын нүхэрлэлэй хаанта улас|Хамтын нүхэрлэлэй гүрэн]] юм.
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Аргентинэ}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Аргентинэ Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}Аргентинэ нь [[Аргентинын Можонууд|23 можонууд ба нэгэ автономито хото]]һоо бүридэдэг [[холбооной улас|холбоо]] юм.
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Армени}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Армени Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
| style=&quot;background:#fcc;&quot; |[[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Пакистан|Пакистан]] зүбшөөдэггүй.
{{extent}}Армениие [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Арцах|Арцах]]ай [[Уулын Карабахай конфликт|арсалдаан]]һаа боложо Пакистан [[Армени–Пакистанай харилсаа|зүбшөөдэггүй]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.foreignaffairscommittee.org/includes/content_files/Report%2021%20-%20Visit%20to%20Azerbaijan.pdf|title=Pakistan Worldview, Report 21, Visit to Azerbaijan|publisher=Senate of Pakistan Foreign Relations Committee|date=2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090219074354/http://foreignaffairscommittee.org/includes/content_files/Report%2021%20-%20Visit%20to%20Azerbaijan.pdf|archive-date=19 February 2009|accessdate=2 February 2022|archivedate=19 February 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090219074354/http://www.foreignaffairscommittee.org/includes/content_files/Report%2021%20-%20Visit%20to%20Azerbaijan.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.today.az/news/politics/30102.html Nilufer Bakhtiyar: &quot;For Azerbaijan Pakistan does not recognise Armenia as a country&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110813064453/http://www.today.az/news/politics/30102.html|date=13 August 2011}} 13 September 2006 [14:03] – Today.Az&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://news.az/articles/armenia/86325|title=Pakistan the only country not recognizing Armenia – envoy|publisher=News.Az|date=5 February 2014|access-date=17 February 2014|quote=We are the only country not recognizing Armenia as a state.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223095734/http://news.az/articles/armenia/86325|archive-date=23 February 2014|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Арцах → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Арцах|Арцахай жагсаалтые харагты]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Австрали}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Австралиин Хамтын Нүхэрлэл
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}Австрали нь [[Хамтын нүхэрлэлэй хаанта улас|Хамтын нүхэрлэлэй гүрэн]] ба [[Австралиин Можо ба нютагууд|можо ба нютагууд]]ай [[холбооной улас|холбоо]] юм. Зургаан можо, гурбан дотоодын нютаг, зургаан гадаадын нютаг ба нэгэ [[Антарктика дахи Нютагай нэхэбэри|мэдээсэгдэһэн]] Антарктикын гадаада нютагтай. Австралиин гадаада нютагууд нь:

* {{noflag|[[Ашмор ба Картье Аралнууд]]}}
* {{flag|Зул hарын арал}}
* {{flag|Кокос (Кийлийнг) аралууд}}
* {{noflag|[[Шүрэтэ Тэнгисэй Аралууд]]}}
* {{noflag|[[Херд Арал ба Макдональд Аралууд]]}}
* {{flag|Норфолк Арал}}
* ''{{noflag|[[Австралиин Антарктикын Нютаг]]}}''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Австри}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Австри Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}[[Европын Холбоон]]ой Гэшүүн. Австри нь [[Австриин Можонууд|юһэн можонууд]]ай [[холбооной улас|холбоон]] юм.
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Бахама}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бахамын Нүхэрлэл&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Bahamas, The {{!}} The Commonwealth|url=http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/bahamas|website=thecommonwealth.org|date=15 August 2013|access-date=12 March 2018|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180309082734/http://www.thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/bahamas|archive-date=9 March 2018|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}Бахама нь [[Хамтын нүхэрлэлэй хаанта улас|Хамтын нүхэрлэлэй гүрэн]] юм.
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Баһрэйн }}'''&amp;nbsp;– Баһрэйнэй Хаанта Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Бангладеш}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Бангладеш Арад Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Барбадос}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Беларусь}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Беларусь Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Бельги}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бельгиин Хаанта Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}ЕХ-ой Гэшүүн. Бельги нь [[Бельгиин бүлгэмүүд, бүһэнүүд ба хэлэнэй нютагууд|гурбан хэлэнэй бүлгэм ба гурбан бүһэһээ]] бүридэдэг [[холбооной улас|холбоон]] юм.
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Белиз}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}Белиз нь [[Хамтын нүхэрлэлэй хаанта улас|Хамтын нүхэрлэлэй гүрэн]] юм.
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Бенин}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Бенин Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Бутан}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бутанай Хаанта Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Боливи}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Боливиин Олон Үндэһэтэнэй Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Босни ба Герцеговина}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}Босни ба Герцеговина нь хоёр субъектһээ бүридэдэг:

* {{noflag|[[Босни ба Герцеговинын Холбоон]]}}
* {{flag|Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Сербын Улас}}

ба [[Брчко Дүүргэ]], өөрын захиргаантай административна ''дүүргэ''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stjepanović2015&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|title=Dual Substate Citizenship as Institutional Innovation: The Case of Bosnia's Brčko District|journal=Nationalism and Ethnic Politics|date=2015|pages=382–383|first=Dejan|last=Stjepanović|volume=21|issue=4|doi=10.1080/13537113.2015.1095043|s2cid=146578107|issn=1353-7113|eissn=1557-2986|oclc=5927465455}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Ботсвана }}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Ботсвана Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Бразил}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Холбооной Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Бразил Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}Бразил нь [[Бразилай Можонууд|26 можонууд ба нэгэ холбооной дүүргэ]]һээ бүридэдэг [[холбооной улас|холбоон]] юм.
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Брүнэй }}'''&amp;nbsp;– Брүнэй Гүрэн, Эб Найрамдалай Байра
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Болгари}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Болгари Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}ЕХ-ой Гэшүүн улас.
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Буркино-Фасо}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Бирма → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Мьянма|Мьянмагай жагсаалтые харагты]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Бурунди}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Бурунди Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Кампучи}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Кампучиин Хаанта Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Камерун}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Камерун Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Канада}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}Канада нь [[Хамтын нүхэрлэлэй хаанта улас|Хамтын нүхэрлэлэй гүрэн]] ба [[Канадын можонууд ба нютагууд|арбан можонууд ба гурбан нютаг]]һаа [[Канадын федерализм|холбоон]] юм.
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Кабо-Верде}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Кабо-Верде Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Түб Африкын Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Улас}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Чад}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Чад Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Чили}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Чили Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}{{efn|Chile's [[Territorial claims in Antarctica|claimed]] Antarctic territory of the ''[[Chilean Antarctic Territory|Chilean Antarctic]]'' (''Antártica Chilena'') is a [[Communes of Chile|commune]] of the [[Antártica Chilena Province]] of the [[Magallanes Region]].|name=&quot;ChileanAntarctic&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Хитад}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Хитад Арад Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
| style=&quot;background:#fcc;&quot; |[[Хитадай Гадаада Харилсаан#Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Хитад Арад Уласай Уласхоорондын Мэдэрэлгэ|Зариманиинь зүбшөөгдэгүй]]. [[Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Хитад Улас]] мэдээсэһэн
{{extent}}Хитад табан автономито оронһоо бүридэдэг, [[Гуанси - Чжуангай автономито орон|Гуанси]], [[Үбэр Монгол]], [[Нинся - Хотонгой автономито орон|Нинся]], [[Түбэдэй автономито орон|Түбэд]], ба [[Синьцзян - Уйгурай автономито орон|Синьцзян]]. Тэрээнһээ гадна, энэнь [[Хитадай Онсогой захиргаата оронууд|онсогой захиргаата орондо]] суверенитеттэй:

* {{flag|Хонконг}}
* {{flag|Макао}}

Хитад улас, бүхы Хитадые өөрын нютаг дэбисхэр гэжэ үзэдэг арсалдагша засаг захиргаа (Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Хитад Улас) ударидадаг [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Тайвань|Тайван]]иие абахые үнгэлзэжэ байгаа, болобошье хинадаггүй.

Хитадые [[Хитадай Гадаада Харилсаан#БНХАУ-тай дипломатическа харилсаагүй гүрэнүүд|{{numrec|Republic of China|link=N|N=1}}]] НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас ба [[Ватикан]] зүбшөөхэгүй, ба, Бутанһаа бусадиинь, бүгэдэ Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Хитад Уласые (Тайвань) зүбшөөдэг.
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |''Хитад улас, Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Тайвань|Тайваниин жагсаалтые харагты]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Колумби}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Колумби Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Коморой аралнууд}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Коморой Холбоон
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}Комор нь [[Коморой Улас Түрэ#Автономито аралнууд|гурбан аралай]] [[холбооной улас|холбоон]] юм.
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Арадшалһан Конго Улас}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Конго Улас}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Кукай аралнууд → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Кукай аралнууд|Кукай аралнуудай жагсаалтые харагты]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Коста-Рика }}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Коста-Рика Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Хорвати}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Хорвати Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}ЕХ-ой Гэшүүн улас.
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Куба}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Куба Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Кипр}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Кипр Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
| style=&quot;background:#fcc;&quot; |[[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Түрэг|Түрэг]] зүбшөөгдэгүй&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2010/OPINION/07/07/kakouris.cyprus/|publisher=CNN|title=Cyprus is not at peace with Turkey|author=Andreas S. Kakouris|date=9 July 2010|access-date=17 May 2014|quote=Turkey stands alone in violation of the will of the international community. It is the only country to recognize the &quot;TRNC&quot; and is the only country that does not recognize the Republic of Cyprus and its government.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140518074323/http://www.cnn.com/2010/OPINION/07/07/kakouris.cyprus/|archive-date=18 May 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;!-- and [[#Northern Cyprus|Northern Cyprus]]{{cn|date=17 May 2014}} --&gt;
{{extent}}ЕХ-ой Гэшүүн улас. Аралай зүү-хойто хэсэг нь ''де-факто'' [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Хойто Кипр|Хойто Кипр]] гүрэн юм.

[[Кипрын арсалдаан]]ай уламһаа [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Түрэг|Түрэг]] улас Кипрые зүбшөөдэггүй, ба Түрэг [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Хойто Кипр|Хойто Кипрые]] зүбшөөдэг.
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag| Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Чехи Улас}}'''{{efn|A simpler official short name has been encouraged by the Czech government, &quot;''Czechia''&quot;. This variant remains uncommon, but has been adopted by several companies and organisations. See [[Name of the Czech Republic]].}}
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}ЕХ-ой Гэшүүн улас.
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Арадшалһан Солонгос Арадай Улас'' ''→ [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Солонгос, Хойто|Солонгос, Хойто]] [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Тайвань|жагсаалтые харагты]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span id=&quot;Denmark&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;'''{{flag|Дани}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Даниин Хаанта Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}Ех-ой Гэшүүн улас.{{efn|name=&quot;EU&quot;}} The [[Даниин Хаанта Улас]] 2 өөртөө заһаха нютагтай:

* {{flag|Фарерай аралнууд}}
* {{flag|Гренланд}}

Даниин захиргаанай нютаг, Фарерай аралнууд ба Гренландынь Хаанта уласай гурбан уласые бүридүүлдэг.{{efn|The designation &quot;Denmark&quot; can refer either to metropolitan Denmark or to the entire Danish Realm (for example in international organizations).}} Данийн Хаанта Улас бүхэлидөө ЕХ-ой гэшүүн болобошье ЕХ-ой хуули (ехэнхи үедэ) Фарерай аралнууд ба Гренландтай [[Гренландын хэрээ|хамаархадаггүй]]. [[Гренланд ба Европын Холбоо]], ба [[Фарерай аралнууд ба Европын Холбоо]] хуудаһые нэмэлтэ мэдээсэлэй түлөө харагты.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.stm.dk/_p_12710.html |title=Home Rule Act of the Faroe Islands : No. 137 of March 23, 1948 |website=Statsministeriat |location=Copenhagen |access-date=20 May 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150910005827/http://www.stm.dk/_p_12710.html |archive-date=10 September 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.stm.dk/_p_12712.html |title=The Greenland Home Rule Act : Act No. 577 of 29 November 1978 |website=Statsministeriat |location=Copenhagen |access-date=20 May 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140214060548/http://www.stm.dk/_p_12712.html |archive-date=14 February 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Джибути}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Джибути Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Доминика}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Доминиканы Хамтын Нүхэрлэл
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Доминикана Улас}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
|style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;colspan=&quot;4&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Донецк Арад Улас → [[#Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Донецк Арад Улас|Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Донецк Арад Улас жагсаалтые харагты]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Зүүн Тимор}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Арадшалһан Тимор-Лесте Улас{{efn|Зүүн Тиморой засагай газар &quot;Тимор-Лесте&quot; нэрые уласай албан Англи нэрээр ашагладаг.}}
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Эквадор}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Эквадор Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Египет}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Араб Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Египет Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Сальвадор}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Сальвадор Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Экваторын Гвиней}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Экваторын Гвиней Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Эритрей}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Эритрей Гүрэн
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Эстони}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Эстони Улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; НҮБ-ын гэшүүн улас
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; Үгы
{{extent}}ЕХ-ой Гэшүүн улас.{{efn|name=&quot;EU&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Eswatini}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Kingdom of Eswatini{{efn|Formerly referred to as the Kingdom of Swaziland, its official name until 2018.}}
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Ethiopia}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Ethiopia is a [[federation]] of [[Regions of Ethiopia|nine regions and two chartered cities]].&lt;!--The European Union is not a sovereign state and should not be included--&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Fiji}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Fiji
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Fiji contains one autonomous region, [[Rotuma]].{{efn|name=&quot;autonomous&quot;}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Laws of Fiji|place=Suva, Fiji|publisher=Government of Fiji|year=1927|edition=1978|chapter=Rotuma Act|chapter-url=http://www.itc.gov.fj/lawnet/fiji_act/cap122.html|access-date=10 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621140255/http://www.itc.gov.fj/lawnet/fiji_act/cap122.html|archive-date=21 June 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Government of Fiji, Office of the Prime Minister|title=Chapter 122: Rotuma Act|work=Laws of Fiji|publisher=[[University of the South Pacific]]|year=1978|url=http://www.paclii.org/fj/legis/consol_act/ra103/|access-date=10 November 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110301163146/http://www.paclii.org/fj/legis/consol_act/ra103/|archive-date=1 March 2011|url-status=live|df=dmy-all|accessdate=2 February 2022|archivedate=1 March 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110301163146/http://www.paclii.org/fj/legis/consol_act/ra103/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Finland}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Finland
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Member of the EU.{{efn|name=&quot;EU&quot;}}

* {{flag|Åland}} is a neutral and demilitarised autonomous region of Finland.{{efn|name=&quot;autonomous&quot;}}{{efn|[[Åland]] was demilitarised by the [[Treaty of Paris (1856)|Treaty of Paris]] in 1856, which was later affirmed by the [[League of Nations]] in 1921, and in a somewhat different context reaffirmed in the treaty on Finland's admission to the European Union in 1995.}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|France}}'''&amp;nbsp;– French Republic
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Member of the EU.{{efn|name=&quot;EU&quot;}} France contains five [[Overseas department and region|overseas regions/departments]]; [[French Guiana]], [[Guadeloupe]], [[Martinique]], [[Mayotte]], and [[Réunion]]. France also includes the [[Overseas France|overseas territories]] of:

* {{noflag|[[Clipperton Island]]}}
* {{flag|French Polynesia}}
* {{flag|New Caledonia}}
* {{noflag|[[Saint Barthélemy]]}}
* {{noflag|[[Collectivity of Saint Martin|Saint Martin]]}}
* {{noflag|[[Saint Pierre and Miquelon]]}}
* {{noflag|[[Wallis and Futuna]]}}
* {{flag|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}}{{efn|France's [[Territorial claims in Antarctica|claimed]] Antarctic territory of ''[[Adélie Land]]'' (''Terre Adélie'') is one of five constituent districts of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands.|name=&quot;Adélie&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Gabon}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Gabonese Republic
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Gambia, The}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of The Gambia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The Gambia profile|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13376517|website=BBC News|access-date=12 March 2018|date=14 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311064543/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13376517|archive-date=11 March 2018|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Georgia}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Georgia contains two autonomous republics, [[Adjara]] and [[Government of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia|Abkhazia]].{{efn|name=&quot;autonomous&quot;}} In [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Abkhazia|Abkhazia]] and [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#South Ossetia|South Ossetia]], ''de facto'' states have been formed.
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Germany}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Federal Republic of Germany
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Member of the EU.{{efn|name=&quot;EU&quot;}} Germany is a [[federation]] of [[States of Germany|16 states]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Ghana}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Ghana
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Greece}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Hellenic Republic
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Member of the EU.{{efn|name=&quot;EU&quot;}} Greece contains one autonomous area, [[Mount Athos]].&lt;ref&gt;Constitution of Greece, Art. 105.&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Grenada}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Grenada is a [[Commonwealth realm]].{{efn|name=&quot;realm&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Guatemala}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Guatemala
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Guinea}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Guinea{{efn|Also known as Guinea-Conakry.}}
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Guinea-Bissau}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Guinea-Bissau
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Guyana}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Co-operative Republic of Guyana
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Haiti}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Haiti
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Holy See → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Vatican City|See Vatican City listing]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Honduras}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Honduras
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Hungary}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Member of the EU.{{efn|name=&quot;EU&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Iceland}}'''{{efn|While sometimes referred to as the &quot;Republic of Iceland&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/281235/Iceland|title=Iceland - Culture, History, &amp; People|access-date=2 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718220132/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/281235/Iceland|archive-date=18 July 2011|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/ungegn/docs/26th-gegn-docs/WP/WP54_UNGEGN%20WG%20Country%20Names%20Document%202011.pdf |title=Working Paper No. 54 : UNGEGN list of country names (Prepared by the United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names) |location=Vienna |date=May 2011 |access-date=2 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811023432/https://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/ungegn/docs/26th-gegn-docs/WP/WP54_UNGEGN%20WG%20Country%20Names%20Document%202011.pdf |archive-date=11 August 2011 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all |website=unstats.un.org }}&lt;/ref&gt; and sometimes its counterpart ''Lýðveldið Ísland'' in Icelandic, the official name of the country is simply &quot;Iceland&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.visindavefur.is/svar.php?id=54970|title=Hvert er formlegt heiti landsins okkar?|access-date=2 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722022935/http://visindavefur.is/svar.php?id=54970|archive-date=22 July 2011|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; One example of the former is the name of the [[Constitution of Iceland]], which in Icelandic is ''Stjórnarskrá lýðveldisins Íslands'' and literally means &quot;the Constitution of the republic of Iceland&quot;. However, note that in this usage &quot;republic&quot; is not capitalised.|name=&quot;Republic&quot;}}
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|India}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of India
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}India is a [[federation]] of [[States and territories of India|28 states and eight union territories]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Indonesia}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Indonesia
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Indonesia has five autonomous [[Provinces of Indonesia|provinces]], [[Aceh]], [[Jakarta]], [[Papua (province)|Papua]], [[West Papua (province)|West Papua]], and [[Special Region of Yogyakarta|Yogyakarta]].{{efn|name=&quot;autonomous&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Iran}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Islamic Republic of Iran
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Iraq}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Iraq
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Iraq is a [[federation]]{{efn|name=&quot;federal&quot;}}&lt;ref&gt;[http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/files/20704/11332732681iraqi_constitution_en.pdf/iraqi_constitution_en.pdf Iraqi constitution] {{webarchive|url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160518175432/http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/files/20704/11332732681iraqi_constitution_en.pdf/iraqi_constitution_en.pdf|date=18 May 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; of [[Governorates of Iraq|19 governorates]], four of which make up the autonomous [[Kurdistan Region]].{{efn|name=&quot;autonomous&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Ireland}}'''{{efn|&quot;Ireland&quot; is the official name of the country in English. &quot;Republic of Ireland&quot; (the official ''description'' in English) and &quot;Éire&quot; (the official name in Irish) have sometimes been used unofficially to distinguish the state from the larger [[Ireland|island of Ireland]], however, this is officially deprecated.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |journal=Journal of British Studies |volume=46 |pages=72–90 |number=1 |date=January 2007 |publisher=Cambridge University Press on behalf of The North American Conference on British Studies |doi=10.1086/508399 |jstor=10.1086/508399 |title=The Irish Free State/Éire/Republic of Ireland/Ireland: &quot;A Country by Any Other Name&quot;? |last=Daly |first=Mary E. |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; See [[names of the Irish state]].}}
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Member of the EU.{{efn|name=&quot;EU&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Israel}}'''&amp;nbsp;– State of Israel
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
| style=&quot;background:#fcc;&quot; |[[International recognition of Israel|Partially unrecognised]]
{{extent}}Israel exerts strong control over the territory claimed by [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Palestine|Palestine]]. It has annexed [[East Jerusalem]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.knesset.gov.il/laws/special/eng/basic10_eng.htm|title=Basic Law: Jerusalem, Capital of Israel|website=www.knesset.gov.il|access-date=7 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140905144734/http://www.knesset.gov.il/laws/special/eng/basic10_eng.htm|archive-date=5 September 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; an act not recognised by the international community.&lt;ref name=&quot;dis&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2070.html|title=Disputes: International|publisher=CIA World Factbook|access-date=8 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514215411/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2070.html|archive-date=14 May 2011|url-status=live|df=dmy-all|accessdate=2 February 2022|archivedate=4 April 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140404200356/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2070.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; Israel has [[West Bank Areas in the Oslo II Accord|varying levels of control]] over the rest of the [[West Bank]], and although it ended its [[Israel's unilateral disengagement plan|permanent civilian or military presence]] in the [[Gaza Strip]], it is still considered to be the occupying power under international law.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Bell|first=Abraham|title=International Law and Gaza: The Assault on Israel's Right to Self-Defense|work=Jerusalem Issue Brief, Vol. 7, No. 29|publisher=Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs|date=28 January 2008|url=http://www.jcpa.org/brief/brief005-3.htm|access-date=16 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621082606/http://jcpa.org/brief/brief005-3.htm|archive-date=21 June 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all|accessdate=2 February 2022|archivedate=21 June 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621082606/http://jcpa.org/brief/brief005-3.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Salih|first=Zak M.|title=Panelists Disagree Over Gaza's Occupation Status|publisher=[[University of Virginia School of Law]]|date=17 November 2005|url=http://www.law.virginia.edu/html/news/2005_fall/gaza.htm|access-date=16 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303200844/http://www.law.virginia.edu/html/news/2005_fall/gaza.htm|archive-date=3 March 2016|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all|accessdate=2 February 2022|archivedate=3 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303200844/http://www.law.virginia.edu/html/news/2005_fall/gaza.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Israel: 'Disengagement' Will Not End Gaza Occupation|publisher=Human Rights Watch|date=29 October 2004|url=https://www.hrw.org/english/docs/2004/10/29/isrlpa9577.htm|access-date=16 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081101210931/http://hrw.org/english/docs/2004/10/29/isrlpa9577.htm|archive-date=1 November 2008|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;occ&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hYiIWVlpFzEC&amp;pg=PA429|page=429|first=Andrew|last=Sanger|title=The Contemporary Law of Blockade and the Gaza Freedom Flotilla|journal=Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law 2010|volume=13|editor=M.N. Schmitt|editor2=Louise Arimatsu|editor3=Tim McCormack|publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media|date=2011|isbn=978-90-6704-811-8|quote=It is this direct external control over Gaza and indirect control over life within Gaza that has led the United Nations, the UN General Assembly, the UN Fact Finding Mission to Gaza, International human rights organisations, US Government websites, the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office and a significant number of legal commentators, to reject the argument that Gaza is no longer occupied.|doi=10.1007/978-90-6704-811-8_14|series=Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law}}* {{cite book|title=International Law and the Classification of Conflicts|editor=Elizabeth Wilmshurst|first=Iain|last=Scobbie|author-link=Iain Scobbie|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=2012|isbn=978-0-19-965775-9|page=295|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GM90Xp03uuEC&amp;pg=PA295|quote=Even after the accession to power of Hamas, Israel's claim that it no longer occupies Gaza has not been accepted by UN bodies, most States, nor the majority of academic commentators because of its exclusive control of its border with Gaza and crossing points including the effective control it exerted over the Rafah crossing until at least May 2011, its control of Gaza's maritime zones and airspace which constitute what Aronson terms the 'security envelope' around Gaza, as well as its ability to intervene forcibly at will in Gaza.}}

* {{cite book|title=Prefiguring Peace: Israeli-Palestinian Peacebuilding Partnerships|first=Michelle|last=Gawerc|publisher=Lexington Books|date=2012|isbn=9780739166109|page=44|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hka8FZ4UdWUC&amp;pg=PA44|quote=In other words, while Israel maintained that its occupation of Gaza ended with its unilateral disengagement Palestinians – as well as many human right organizations and international bodies – argued that Gaza was by all intents and purposes still occupied.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Israel is not recognised as a state by [[International recognition of Israel|28 UN members]] and the [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#SADR|Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]]. The [[Palestine Liberation Organization]], recognised by a majority of UN member states as the representative of the Palestinian people, [[Israel–Palestine Liberation Organization letters of recognition|recognised in Israel in 1993]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Italy}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Italian Republic
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Member of the EU.{{efn|name=&quot;EU&quot;}} [[Italy]] has 5 autonomous regions, [[Aosta Valley]], [[Friuli-Venezia Giulia]], [[Sardinia]], [[Sicily]] and [[Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol]].{{efn|name=&quot;autonomous&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Ivory Coast}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Côte d'Ivoire{{efn|The government of Ivory Coast uses &quot;Côte d'Ivoire&quot; as the official English name of the country.}}
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Jamaica}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Jamaica is a [[Commonwealth realm]].{{efn|name=&quot;realm&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Japan}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Jordan}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Kazakhstan}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Kazakhstan
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Kenya}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Kenya
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Kiribati}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Kiribati
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Korea, North}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Democratic People's Republic of Korea
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
| style=&quot;background:#fcc;&quot; |{{claimedby|SKOREA}}
{{extent}}North Korea is not recognised by three UN members, [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#France|France]], [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Japan|Japan]], and [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Korea South|South Korea]], the last of which claims to be the sole legitimate government of [[Korea]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ioc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~worldjpn/documents/texts/docs/19650622.T1E.html|title=Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea|access-date=27 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090313123054/http://www.ioc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~worldjpn/documents/texts/docs/19650622.T1E.html|archive-date=13 March 2009|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Korea, South}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Korea
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
| style=&quot;background:#fcc;&quot; |{{claimedby|NKOREA}}
{{extent}}South Korea has one autonomous region, [[Jeju Island|Jejudo]].{{efn|name=&quot;autonomous&quot;}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Keun Min|title=Greetings|publisher=Jeju Special Self-Governing Province|url=http://english.jeju.go.kr/contents/index.php?mid=02|access-date=10 November 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502123553/http://english.jeju.go.kr/contents/index.php?mid=02|archive-date=2 May 2013|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; South Korea is not recognised by [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Korea North|North Korea]], which claims to be the sole legitimate government of [[Korea]].
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Kosovo → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Kosovo|See Kosovo listing]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Kuwait}}'''&amp;nbsp;– State of Kuwait
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Kyrgyzstan}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Kyrgyz Republic
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Laos}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Lao People's Democratic Republic
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Latvia}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Latvia
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Member of the EU.{{efn|name=&quot;EU&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Lebanon}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Lebanese Republic
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Lesotho}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Kingdom of Lesotho
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Liberia}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Liberia
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Libya}}'''&amp;nbsp;– State of Libya
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Liechtenstein}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Principality of Liechtenstein
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Lithuania}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Lithuania
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Member of the EU.{{efn|name=&quot;EU&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Luxembourg}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Member of the EU.{{efn|name=&quot;EU&quot;}}
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Macedonia → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#North Macedonia|See North Macedonia listing]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Madagascar}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Madagascar
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Malawi}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Malawi
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Malaysia}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Malaysia is a [[federation]] of [[States and federal territories of Malaysia|13 states and three federal territories]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Maldives}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Maldives
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Mali}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Mali
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Malta}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Malta
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Member of the EU.{{efn|name=&quot;EU&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Marshall Islands}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of the Marshall Islands
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Under [[Compact of Free Association]] with the [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#United States|United States]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Mauritania}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Islamic Republic of Mauritania
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Mauritius}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Mauritius
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Mauritius has an autonomous island, [[Rodrigues]].{{efn|name=&quot;autonomous&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Mexico}}'''&amp;nbsp;– United Mexican States
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Mexico is a [[federation]] of [[Political divisions of Mexico|31 states and one autonomous city]]. The [[Rebel Zapatista Autonomous Municipalities]] have de facto autonomy.
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Micronesia}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Federated States of Micronesia
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Under [[Compact of Free Association]] with the [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#United States|United States]]. The Federated States of Micronesia is a [[federation]] of [[Administrative divisions of the Federated States of Micronesia|four states]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Moldova}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Moldova
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Moldova has the [[Autonomous territorial unit|autonomous regions]] of [[Gagauzia]] and the [[Administrative-Territorial Units of the Left Bank of the Dniester|Left Bank of the Dniester]]. The latter and a city, [[Bender, Moldova|Bender]] (Tighina), is under the ''de facto'' control of [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Transnistria|Transnistria]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Monaco}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Principality of Monaco
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Mongolia}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Montenegro}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Morocco}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Kingdom of Morocco
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Part of the Moroccan-claimed [[Western Sahara]] is controlled by the partially recognised [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#SADR|Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Mozambique}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Mozambique
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Myanmar}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of the Union of Myanmar{{efn|The country's official name of Myanmar, adopted in 1989, has been mixed and controversial, with the former name Burma still being used in many cases. See [[Names of Myanmar]].}}
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}[[Wa State]] is a de facto autonomous state within Myanmar. The United Nations currently recognises the [[National Unity Government of Myanmar]] as the government of Myanmar instead of the ''de facto'' ruling government, the [[State Administration Council]].&lt;ref name=&quot;UN_Seats_Denied&quot; /&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Nagorno-Karabakh → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Artsakh|See Artsakh listing]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Namibia}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Namibia
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Nauru}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Nauru
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Nepal}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Nepal is a [[federation]] composed of [[Provinces of Nepal|7 provinces]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flagcountry|Kingdom of the Netherlands}}'''&lt;!--Link to state instead of country--&gt; – Kingdom of the Netherlands&lt;!-- Note that metropolitan Netherlands is not the sovereign state, the Kingdom is—see [[Kingdom of the Netherlands#The distinction between the Netherlands and &quot;the Kingdom&quot;]]. --&gt;
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Member of the EU.{{efn|name=&quot;EU&quot;}} The [[Kingdom of the Netherlands]] includes four areas with substantial autonomy:

* {{flag|Aruba}}
* {{flag|Curaçao}}
* {{flag|Netherlands}}
* {{flag|Sint Maarten}}

Metropolitan Netherlands, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten form the four constituent countries of the Kingdom. Three overseas parts of the Netherlands ([[Bonaire]], [[Saba]] and [[Sint Eustatius]]) are [[Caribbean Netherlands|special municipalities]] of metropolitan Netherlands.{{efn|The designation &quot;Netherlands&quot; can refer either to metropolitan [[Netherlands]] or to the entire [[Kingdom of the Netherlands|Kingdom]] (e.g. in international organizations).}} The Kingdom of the Netherlands as a whole is a member of the EU, but EU law applies only to parts within Europe.
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|New Zealand}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}New Zealand is a [[Commonwealth realm]],{{efn|name=&quot;realm&quot;}} and has one dependent territory and one [[Territorial claims in Antarctica|claimed]] Antarctic dependent territory:

* {{flag|Tokelau}}
* ''{{noflag|[[Ross Dependency]]}}''

The [[New Zealand Government]] acts for the entire [[Realm of New Zealand]] in all international contexts, which has responsibilities for (but no rights of control over) two freely [[Associated state|associated states]]:

* {{flag|Cook Islands}}
* {{flag|Niue}}

The Cook Islands and Niue have diplomatic relations with {{Numrel|CK||alt2=}} and {{Numrel|Niue||alt2=}} UN members respectively.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Federal Foreign Office of Germany|title=Beziehungen zu Deutschland|publisher=Government of Germany|date=November 2009|url=http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/diplo/de/Laenderinformationen/Cookinseln/Bilateral.html|access-date=16 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100723070259/http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/diplo/de/Laenderinformationen/Cookinseln/Bilateral.html|archive-date=23 July 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}} For more information, see [[Foreign relations of the Cook Islands]].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Republic of Nauru Permanent Mission to the United Nations|title=Foreign Affairs|publisher=United Nations|url=http://www.un.int/nauru/foreignaffairs.html|access-date=16 July 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141004083335/http://www.un.int/nauru/foreignaffairs.html|archive-date=4 October 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; They have full treaty-making capacity in the UN,&lt;ref name=&quot;untreaty1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://untreaty.un.org/cod/repertory/art102/english/rep_supp8_vol6-art102_e_advance.pdf|title=Article 102, Repertory of Practice of United Nations Organs, Supplement No. 8, Volume VI (1989–1994)|website=untreaty.un.org|access-date=15 July 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403031600/http://untreaty.un.org/cod/repertory/art102/english/rep_supp8_vol6-art102_e_advance.pdf|archive-date=3 April 2012|df=mdy-all|accessdate=2 February 2022|archivedate=23 July 2004|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040723045746/http://untreaty.un.org/cod/repertory/art102/english/rep_supp8_vol6-art102_e_advance.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt; and are members of some [[List of specialized agencies of the United Nations|UN specialized agencies]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Nicaragua}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Nicaragua
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Nicaragua contains two autonomous regions, [[Región Autónoma del Atlántico Sur|Atlántico Sur]] and [[Región Autónoma del Atlántico Norte|Atlántico Norte]].{{efn|name=&quot;autonomous&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Niger}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Niger
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Nigeria}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Federal Republic of Nigeria
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Nigeria is a [[federation]] of [[States of Nigeria|36 states and one federal territory]].
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Niue → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Niue|See Niue listing]]''
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''North Korea → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Korea North|See Korea, North listing]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|North Macedonia}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of North Macedonia{{efn|Formerly known constitutionally as the &quot;Republic of Macedonia&quot; from 1991 to 2019 and under the international designation of &quot;the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia&quot; (FYROM) from 1993 to 2019 due to the [[Macedonia naming dispute]] with [[Greece]]. Following the [[Prespa agreement]] going into effect in February 2019, the country was renamed &quot;North Macedonia&quot;.}}
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Northern Cyprus → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Northern Cyprus|See Northern Cyprus listing]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Norway}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Kingdom of Norway
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Norway has two [[Unincorporated area|unincorporated areas]] in Europe:

* {{noflag|[[Svalbard]]}} is an integral part of Norway, but has a special status due to the [[Svalbard Treaty]].
* {{noflag|[[Jan Mayen]]}} is an uninhabited island that is an integral part of Norway, although unincorporated.

Norway has one [[Dependencies of Norway|dependent territory]] and two [[Territorial claims in Antarctica|claimed]] Antarctic dependent territories in the [[Southern Hemisphere]]:

* {{noflag|[[Bouvet Island]]}}
* ''{{noflag|[[Peter I Island]]}}''
* ''{{noflag|[[Queen Maud Land]]}}''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Oman}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Sultanate of Oman
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Pakistan}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Islamic Republic of Pakistan
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Pakistan is a [[federation]] of [[Subdivisions of Pakistan|four provinces and one capital territory]]. Pakistan exercises control over certain portions of [[Kashmir]], but has not officially annexed any of it,&lt;ref&gt;Constitution of Pakistan, Art. 1.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Aslam, Tasnim|title=Pakistan Does Not Claim Kashmir As An Integral Part...|url=http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?233374|newspaper=Outlook India|publisher=The Outlook Group|date=11 December 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111213213928/http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?233374|archive-date=13 December 2011|url-status=live|df=dmy-all|access-date=27 February 2011|accessdate=2 February 2022|archivedate=13 December 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111213213928/http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?233374}}&lt;/ref&gt; instead regarding it as a disputed territory.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Williams|first=Kristen P.|title=Despite nationalist conflicts: theory and practice of maintaining world peace|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|year=2001|pages=154–155|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OYmurpH3ahsC|isbn=978-0-275-96934-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Pruthi|first=R.K.|title=An Encyclopaedic Survey Of Global Terrorism In 21St Century|publisher=Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd.|year=2001|pages=120–121|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C3yDkKDbZ3YC|isbn=978-81-261-1091-9}}&lt;/ref&gt; The portions that it controls are divided into two territories, administered separately from Pakistan proper:

* {{flag|Azad Kashmir}}
* {{flag|Gilgit-Baltistan}}

Azad Kashmir describes itself as a &quot;self-governing state under Pakistani control&quot;, while Gilgit-Baltistan is described in its governance order as a group of &quot;areas&quot; with self-government.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://home.ajk.gov.pk/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=72&amp;catid=14|title=Archived copy|access-date=2014-07-28|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812174212/http://home.ajk.gov.pk/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=72&amp;catid=14|archive-date=12 August 2014|df=dmy-all|accessdate=2022-02-02|archivedate=2014-08-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812174212/http://home.ajk.gov.pk/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=72&amp;catid=14}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;gbtribune.files.wordpress.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://gbtribune.files.wordpress.com/2012/09/self-governance-order-2009.pdf|title=To Be Published In The Next Issue Of The|access-date=28 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140905063539/http://gbtribune.files.wordpress.com/2012/09/self-governance-order-2009.pdf|archive-date=5 September 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AJ&amp;KHistory&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ajk.gov.pk/history.php|title=AJ&amp;K History|access-date=6 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180106174235/http://www.ajk.gov.pk/history.php|archive-date=6 January 2018|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; These territories are not usually regarded as sovereign, as they do not fulfil the criteria set out by the declarative theory of statehood (for example, their current laws do not allow them to engage independently in relations with other states). Several state functions of these territories (such as foreign affairs and defence) are performed by Pakistan.&lt;ref name=&quot;gbtribune.files.wordpress.com&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z-aRAwAAQBAJ&amp;q=azad+kashmir+gilgit+baltistan&amp;pg=PA1100|title=Political Handbook of the World 2014|access-date=5 October 2014|isbn=9781483333281|last1=Lansford|first1=Tom|date=2014-04-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ajkassembly.gok.pk/AJK_Interim_Constitution_Act_1974.pdf#|title=The Azad Jammu And Kashmir Interim Constitution Act, 1974|format=PDF|access-date=28 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131013171853/http://www.ajkassembly.gok.pk/AJK_Interim_Constitution_Act_1974.pdf|archive-date=13 October 2013|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Palau}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Palau
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Under [[Compact of Free Association]] with the [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#United States|United States]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flagcountry|State of Palestine}}'''&amp;nbsp;– State of Palestine
| style=&quot;background:#ddf;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; [[United Nations General Assembly observers|UN General Assembly observer state]]; member of 2 [[List of specialized agencies of the United Nations|UN specialized agencies]]&lt;!-- {{cn|date=April 2021}} -- it appears that the convention on this page is to keep details and citations to the last column, which is where the details and citations for this claim can be found --&gt;
| style=&quot;background:#fcc;&quot; |[[International recognition of the State of Palestine|Partially unrecognised]].
{{extent}}The State of Palestine, declared in 1988, is not recognised as a state by Israel but has received diplomatic recognition from {{Numrec|Pal}} states.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Palestine Liberation Organization|title=Road For Palestinian Statehood: Recognition and Admission|url=http://www.nad-plo.org/etemplate.php?id=5|publisher=Negotiations Affairs Department|access-date=28 July 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110818214013/http://www.nad-plo.org/etemplate.php?id=5|archive-date=18 August 2011|df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; The proclaimed state has no agreed territorial borders, or effective control over much of the territory that it proclaimed.&lt;ref&gt;See the following on statehood criteria:

* {{cite web|author=Mendes, Errol|title=Statehood and Palestine for the purposes of Article 12 (3) of the ICC Statute|url=http://uclalawforum.com/media/background/gaza/2010-03-30_Mendes-Memo.pdf|pages=28, 33|date=30 March 2010|access-date=17 April 2011|postscript=:|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831190057/http://uclalawforum.com/media/background/gaza/2010-03-30_Mendes-Memo.pdf|archive-date=31 August 2011|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}} &quot;...the Palestinian State also meets the traditional criteria under the Montevideo Convention...&quot;; &quot;...the fact that a majority of states have recognised Palestine as a State should easily fulfil the requisite state practice&quot;.
* {{cite journal|author=McKinney, Kathryn M.|title=The Legal Effects of the Israeli-PLO Declaration ofPrinciples: Steps Toward Statehood for Palestine|url=http://lawpublications.seattleu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1438&amp;context=sulr&amp;sei-redir=1#search=%22palestine+%22constitutive+theory%22+statehood%22|journal=Seattle University Law Review|volume=18|issue=93|year=1994|page=97|publisher=Seattle University|access-date=17 April 2011|postscript=:|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722063030/http://lawpublications.seattleu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1438&amp;context=sulr&amp;sei-redir=1#search=%22palestine+%22constitutive+theory%22+statehood%22|archive-date=22 July 2011|df=dmy-all}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722063030/http://lawpublications.seattleu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1438&amp;context=sulr&amp;sei-redir=1#search=%22palestine+%22constitutive+theory%22+statehood%22 |date=22 July 2011 }} {{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://lawpublications.seattleu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1438&amp;context=sulr&amp;sei-redir=1 |accessdate=2 February 2022 |archivedate=22 July 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722063030/http://lawpublications.seattleu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1438&amp;context=sulr&amp;sei-redir=1 }} &quot;It is possible, however, to argue for Palestinian statehood based on the constitutive theory&quot;.
* {{cite journal|author=McDonald, Avril|title=Operation Cast Lead: Drawing the Battle Lines of the Legal Dispute|url=https://litigation-essentials.lexisnexis.com/webcd/app?action=DocumentDisplay&amp;crawlid=1&amp;doctype=cite&amp;docid=16+Hum.+Rts.+Br.+25&amp;srctype=smi&amp;srcid=3B15&amp;key=74ccae52ba220673512e7784449388f0|journal=Human Rights Brief|volume=25|date=Spring 2009|publisher=Washington College of Law, Center for Human Rights and Humanitarian Law|access-date=17 April 2011|postscript=:|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120329201731/https://litigation-essentials.lexisnexis.com/webcd/app?action=DocumentDisplay&amp;crawlid=1&amp;doctype=cite&amp;docid=16+Hum.+Rts.+Br.+25&amp;srctype=smi&amp;srcid=3B15&amp;key=74ccae52ba220673512e7784449388f0|archive-date=29 March 2012|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}} &quot;Whether one applies the criteria of statehood set out in the Montevideo Convention or the more widely accepted constitutive theory of statehood, Palestine might be considered a state.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Palestinian National Authority]] is an interim administrative body formed as a result of the [[Oslo Accords]] that exercises limited autonomous jurisdiction within the [[Palestinian territories]]. In foreign relations, Palestine is represented by the [[Palestine Liberation Organization]].&lt;ref name=&quot;unnms&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Non-member States and Entities|url=https://www.un.org/en/members/nonmembers.shtml|publisher=United Nations|access-date=30 August 2010|date=29 February 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090509204646/http://www.un.org/en/members/nonmembers.shtml|archive-date=9 May 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; The State of Palestine is a member state of UNESCO,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization|title=Arab States: Palestine|url=http://www.unesco.org/new/en/unesco/worldwide/arab-states/palestine/|publisher=United Nations|access-date=3 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104131813/http://www.unesco.org/new/en/unesco/worldwide/arab-states/palestine/|archive-date=4 January 2012|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; UNIDO and other international organizations.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The Palestinians: Background and U.S. Relations|url=https://fas.org/sgp/crs/mideast/RL34074.pdf|pages=40–41|date=18 March 2021|publisher=Congressional Research Service|accessdate=2 February 2022|archivedate=13 May 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513163558/https://fas.org/sgp/crs/mideast/RL34074.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Panama}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Panama
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Papua New Guinea}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Independent State of Papua New Guinea
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Papua New Guinea is a [[Commonwealth realm]]{{efn|name=&quot;realm&quot;}} with one autonomous region, [[Autonomous Region of Bougainville|Bougainville]].{{efn|name=&quot;autonomous&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Paraguay}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Paraguay
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Peru}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Peru
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Philippines}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of the Philippines
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}The Philippines contains one autonomous region, [[Bangsamoro]].{{efn|name=&quot;autonomous&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Poland}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Poland
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Member of the EU.{{efn|name=&quot;EU&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Portugal}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Portuguese Republic
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Member of the EU.{{efn|name=&quot;EU&quot;}} Portugal contains two autonomous regions, [[Azores|the Azores]] and [[Madeira]].{{efn|name=&quot;autonomous&quot;}}
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Pridnestrovie → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Transnistria|See Transnistria listing]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Qatar}}'''&amp;nbsp;– State of Qatar
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Republic of Korea → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Korea South|See Korea, South listing]]''
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Republic of the Congo → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Congo, Republic of the|See Congo, Republic of the listing]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Romania}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Member of the EU.{{efn|name=&quot;EU&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Russia}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Russian Federation
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Russia is a [[federation]] of 85&amp;nbsp;[[Federal subjects of Russia|federal subjects]] (republics, oblasts, krais, autonomous okrugs, federal cities, and an autonomous oblast). Several of the federal subjects are ethnic republics.{{efn|name=&quot;autonomous&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Rwanda}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Rwanda
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#SADR|See Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic listing]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Saint Kitts and Nevis is a [[Commonwealth realm]]{{efn|name=&quot;realm&quot;}} and is a [[federation]]{{efn|name=&quot;federal&quot;}} of two islands, [[St. Kitts]] and [[Nevis]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Saint Lucia}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Saint Lucia is a [[Commonwealth realm]].{{efn|name=&quot;realm&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is a [[Commonwealth realm]].{{efn|name=&quot;realm&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Samoa}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Independent State of Samoa
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|San Marino}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of San Marino
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|São Tomé and Príncipe}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}São Tomé and Príncipe contains one autonomous province, [[Príncipe]].{{efn|name=&quot;autonomous&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Saudi Arabia}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}&lt;!--Sealand is not a sovereign state according to the definition in the introduction of this article and should not be included--&gt; &lt;!--Scotland is not a sovereign state according to the definition in the introduction of this article and should not be included--&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Senegal}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Senegal
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Serbia}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Serbia
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Serbia contains two autonomous regions, [[Vojvodina]] and [[Kosovo and Metohija]].{{efn|name=&quot;autonomous&quot;}} The latter is under the ''de facto'' control of [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Kosovo|Kosovo]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Seychelles}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Seychelles
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Sierra Leone}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Sierra Leone
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Singapore}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Singapore
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Slovakia}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Slovak Republic
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Member of the EU.{{efn|name=&quot;EU&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Slovenia}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Slovenia
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Member of the EU.{{efn|name=&quot;EU&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Solomon Islands}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Solomon Islands is a [[Commonwealth realm]].{{efn|name=&quot;realm&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Somalia}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Federal Republic of Somalia
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Somalia is a federation of [[States and regions of Somalia|six states]]. Two, [[Puntland]] and [[Galmudug]], have self-declared autonomy, while one, [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Somaliland|Somaliland]], is ''de facto'' independent.
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Somaliland → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Somaliland|See Somaliland listing]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|South Africa}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of South Africa
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''South Korea → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Korea South|See Korea, South listing]]''
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''South Ossetia → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#South Ossetia|See South Ossetia listing]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|South Sudan}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of South Sudan
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}South Sudan is a [[federation]] of [[States of South Sudan|10 states and three administrative areas]].

* The [[Abyei|Abyei Area]] is a zone with &quot;special administrative status&quot; established by the [[Comprehensive Peace Agreement]] in 2005. It is ''de jure'' a condominium of South Sudan and Sudan, but ''de facto'' administered by two competing administrations and the United Nations.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNISFA2017&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://unisfa.unmissions.org/statement-unisfa-recent-spate-attacks-abyei|title=Statement from UNISFA on the recent spate of attacks in Abyei|website=UNmissions.org|date=18 October 2017|access-date=12 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213022254/https://unisfa.unmissions.org/statement-unisfa-recent-spate-attacks-abyei|archive-date=13 February 2018|url-status=live|df=dmy-all|accessdate=2 February 2022|archivedate=13 February 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213022254/https://unisfa.unmissions.org/statement-unisfa-recent-spate-attacks-abyei}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AbyeiName&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.gurtong.net/ECM/Editorial/tabid/124/ctl/ArticleView/mid/519/articleId/17103/Abyei-Administration-Area-Changes-Name.aspx|title=Abyei Administration Area Changes Name|website=Gurtong.net|date=29 July 2015|access-date=12 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213022037/http://www.gurtong.net/ECM/Editorial/tabid/124/ctl/ArticleView/mid/519/articleId/17103/Abyei-Administration-Area-Changes-Name.aspx|archive-date=13 February 2018|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Spain}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Kingdom of Spain
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Member of the EU.{{efn|name=&quot;EU&quot;}} Spain is divided into [[Autonomous communities of Spain|17 autonomous communities and two special autonomous cities]].{{efn|name=&quot;autonomous&quot;}}{{efn|Spain holds several small overseas territories scattered along the Mediterranean coast bordering [[Morocco]], known as the [[Plazas de soberanía]].|name=&quot;Plazas&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Sri Lanka}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka{{efn|Formerly known as [[Dominion of Ceylon|Ceylon]] until 1972.}}
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Sudan}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of the Sudan
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Sudan is a [[federation]] of [[States of Sudan|18 states]].

* The [[Abyei|Abyei Area]] is a zone with &quot;special administrative status&quot; established by the [[Comprehensive Peace Agreement]] in 2005. It is ''de jure'' a condominium of South Sudan and Sudan, but ''de facto'' administered by two competing administrations and the United Nations.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNISFA2017&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AbyeiName&quot; /&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Sudan, South → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#South Sudan|See South Sudan listing]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Suriname}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Suriname
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Swaziland → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Eswatini|See Eswatini listing]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Sweden}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Kingdom of Sweden
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Member of the EU.{{efn|name=&quot;EU&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Switzerland}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Swiss Confederation
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Switzerland is a [[federation]] of [[Cantons of Switzerland|26 cantons]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Syria}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Syrian Arab Republic
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}The [[National Coalition for Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces|Syrian National Coalition]], which is [[International recognition of the Syrian National Coalition|recognised]] as the legitimate representative of the Syrian people by 20 UN members, has established an [[Syrian Interim Government|interim government]] to rule rebel controlled territory during the [[Syrian civil war]]. Syria has one self-declared autonomous region: [[Rojava]].
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Taiwan (Republic of China) → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Taiwan|See Taiwan listing]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Tajikistan}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Tajikistan
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Tajikistan contains one autonomous region, [[Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province]].{{efn|name=&quot;autonomous&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Tanzania}}'''&amp;nbsp;– United Republic of Tanzania
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Tanzania contains one autonomous region, [[Zanzibar]].{{efn|name=&quot;autonomous&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Thailand}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Kingdom of Thailand
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''The Bahamas → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Bahamas|See Bahamas, The listing]]''
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''The Gambia → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Gambia|See Gambia, The listing]]''
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Timor-Leste → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#East Timor|See East Timor listing]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Togo}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Togolese Republic
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Tonga}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Kingdom of Tonga
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Transnistria → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Transnistria|See Transnistria listing]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Trinidad and Tobago}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Trinidad and Tobago contains one autonomous region, [[Tobago]].{{efn|name=&quot;autonomous&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Tunisia}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Tunisia
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Turkey}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Turkey
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Turkmenistan}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Turkmenistan
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Tuvalu}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Tuvalu is a [[Commonwealth realm]].{{efn|name=&quot;realm&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Uganda}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Uganda
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Ukraine}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Ukraine contains one autonomous region, the [[Autonomous Republic of Crimea]],{{efn|name=&quot;autonomous&quot;}} which is under the ''de facto'' control of [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Russia|Russia]], along with neighbouring [[Sevastopol]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|United Arab Emirates}}'''
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}The United Arab Emirates is a [[federation]] of [[Emirates of the United Arab Emirates|seven emirates]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|United Kingdom}}'''&amp;nbsp;– United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}The United Kingdom is a [[Commonwealth realm]]{{efn||name=&quot;realm&quot;|group=}} consisting of [[Countries of the United Kingdom|four constituent countries]]; [[England]], [[Northern Ireland]], [[Scotland]], and [[Wales]]. The United Kingdom has the following 13 [[British Overseas Territories|overseas territories]] and one [[Territorial claims in Antarctica|claimed]] Antarctic dependent territory:

* {{noflag|[[Akrotiri and Dhekelia]]}}
* {{flag|Anguilla}}
* {{flag|Bermuda}}
* {{flag|British Indian Ocean Territory}}
* {{flag|British Virgin Islands}}
* {{flag|Cayman Islands}}
* {{flag|Falkland Islands}}
* {{flag|Gibraltar}}
* {{flag|Montserrat}}
* {{flag|Pitcairn Islands}}
* {{noflag|[[Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha]]}}
* {{flag|South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands}}
* {{flag|Turks and Caicos Islands}}
* ''{{flag|British Antarctic Territory}}''

The [[The Crown|British monarch]] also has direct sovereignty over three self-governing [[Crown dependencies]]:

* {{flag|Bailiwick of Guernsey|name=Guernsey}}
* {{flag|Isle of Man}}
* {{flag|Jersey}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|United States}}'''&amp;nbsp;– United States of America
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}The United States is a [[federation]] of [[Political divisions of the United States#States and their subdivisions|50 states]], one [[Washington, D.C.|federal district]], and one [[Palmyra Atoll|incorporated territory]]. Additionally, the [[Federal government of the United States]] has sovereignty over 13 [[unincorporated territories]]. Of these territories, the following five are inhabited possessions:

* {{flag|American Samoa}}
* {{flag|Guam}}
* {{flag|Northern Mariana Islands}}
* {{flag|Puerto Rico}}
* {{flag|U.S. Virgin Islands}}

It also has sovereignty over several uninhabited territories:

* [[Baker Island]]
* [[Howland Island]]
* [[Jarvis Island]]
* [[Johnston Atoll]]
* [[Kingman Reef]]
* [[Midway Atoll]]
* [[Navassa Island]]
* [[Wake Island]]

It also disputes sovereignty over the following two territories:

* ''[[Bajo Nuevo Bank]]''
* ''[[Serranilla Bank]]''

Three sovereign states have become [[Associated state|associated states]] of the United States under the [[Compact of Free Association]]:

* {{flag|Marshall Islands}} – Republic of the Marshall Islands
* {{flag|Micronesia}} – Federated States of Micronesia
* {{flag|Palau}} – Republic of Palau
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Uruguay}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Oriental Republic of Uruguay
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Uzbekistan}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Uzbekistan
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Uzbekistan contains one autonomous region, [[Karakalpakstan]].{{efn|name=&quot;autonomous&quot;}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Vanuatu}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Vanuatu
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Vatican City}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Vatican City State
| style=&quot;background:#ddf;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; [[United Nations General Assembly observers|UN General Assembly observer state]] under the designation of &quot;[[Holy See]]&quot;; member of three [[List of specialized agencies of the United Nations|UN specialized agencies]] and the [[International Atomic Energy Agency|IAEA]]
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Administered by the [[Holy See]], a sovereign entity with diplomatic relations to {{Numrec|Holy See||states|N=3}}. This figure consists of {{Numrec|Holy See|link=N}} UN member states, the Cook Islands, the Republic of China (Taiwan), and the State of Palestine.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/secretariat_state/documents/rc_seg-st_20010123_holy-see-relations_en.html|title=Bilateral relations of the Holy See|publisher=Holy See website|access-date=5 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140709142833/https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/secretariat_state/documents/rc_seg-st_20010123_holy-see-relations_en.html|archive-date=9 July 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; In addition, the European Union and the Sovereign Military Order of Malta maintain diplomatic relations with the Holy See. The Holy See is a member of the [[International Atomic Energy Agency|IAEA]], [[International Telecommunication Union|ITU]], [[Universal Postal Union|UPU]], and [[World Intellectual Property Organization|WIPO]] and a permanent observer of the UN (in the category of &quot;Non-member State&quot;)&lt;ref name=&quot;unnms&quot; /&gt; and [[Foreign relations of the Holy See#Participation in international organizations|multiple other UN System organizations]]. The Vatican City is governed by officials appointed by the [[Pope]], who is the Bishop of the Diocese of Rome and ''[[ex officio]]'' sovereign of Vatican City.
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Venezuela}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}Venezuela is a [[federation]] of [[States of Venezuela|23 states]], [[Administrative divisions of Venezuela|one capital district, and federal dependencies]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Vietnam}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Socialist Republic of Vietnam
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;''Western Sahara → [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#SADR|See Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic listing]]''
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Yemen}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Yemen
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Zambia}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Zambia
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Zimbabwe}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Zimbabwe
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; UN member state
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
{{extent}}
|- style=&quot;background:Lightgrey;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;↑ [[Member states of the United Nations|UN member states]] and [[United Nations General Assembly observers#Present non-member observers|General Assembly observer states]] ↑
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;
|
|- style=&quot;background:Darkgrey;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;AB&lt;/span&gt;
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;B&lt;/span&gt;
|
|- style=&quot;background:Lightgrey;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;↓ Other states ↓
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;D AAA&lt;/span&gt;
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;
|{{Anchor|Other states}}
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Abkhazia}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Abkhazia
| style=&quot;background:LemonChiffon;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;D&lt;/span&gt; No membership
| style=&quot;background:#fcc;&quot; |{{claimedby|GEORGIA}}
{{extent}}[[International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia|Recognised by]] Russia, Nauru, Nicaragua, Syria, Venezuela, Artsakh, South Ossetia and Transnistria.&lt;ref name=&quot;ASOTREC&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.newsru.com/russia/17nov2006/aup.html|date=17 November 2006|access-date=5 June 2011|script-title=ru:Абхазия, Южная Осетия и Приднестровье признали независимость друг друга и призвали всех к этому же|publisher=newsru.com|language=ru|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416050525/http://www.newsru.com/russia/17nov2006/aup.html|archive-date=16 April 2009|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; Claimed in whole by [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Georgia|Georgia]] as the [[Government of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia|Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Artsakh}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Artsakh{{efn|Formerly known as the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, its official name from 1991 to 2017}}
| style=&quot;background:LemonChiffon;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;D&lt;/span&gt; No membership
| style=&quot;background:#fcc;&quot; |{{claimedby|AZERBAIJAN}}
{{extent}}A ''de facto'' independent state,&lt;ref name=&quot;montevideo&quot;&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4PwmeRG9QsUC|last1=Ker-Lindsay|first1=James|title=The Foreign Policy of Counter Secession: Preventing the Recognition of Contested States|page=53|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=2012|quote=In addition to the four cases of contested statehood described above, there are three other territories that have unilaterally declared independence and are generally regarded as having met the Montevideo criteria for statehood but have not been recognized by any states: Transnistria, Nagorny Karabakh, and Somaliland.|access-date=24 September 2013|df=dmy-all|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131009041217/http://books.google.com/books?id=4PwmeRG9QsUC|archive-date=9 October 2013|url-status=live|isbn=9780199698394}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Krüger, Heiko|title=The Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict: A Legal Analysis|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7JDCQu-Us8sC&amp;pg=PA55|page=55|publisher=Springer|year=2010|isbn=978-3-642-11787-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Nikoghosyan, Hovhannes|title=Kosovo ruling implications for Armenia and Azerbaijan|url=http://www.huliq.com/1/803-kosovo-ruling-implications-armenia-and-azerbaijan|newspaper=HULIQ.com|publisher=Hareyan Publishing, LLC|date=August 2010|access-date=17 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111123044441/http://www.huliq.com/1/803-kosovo-ruling-implications-armenia-and-azerbaijan|archive-date=23 November 2011|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Foreign relations of Artsakh|recognised only by]] [[Abkhazia]],&lt;ref name=&quot;NKRrecognition&quot;&gt;[http://ararat-online.ru/news/984-2025-vice-spiker-parlamenta-abxazii-vybory-v-nkr-sootvetstvuyut-vsem-mezhdunarodnym-standartam.html Вице-спикер парламента Абхазии: Выборы в НКР соответствуют всем международным стандартам] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811164310/http://ararat-online.ru/news/984-2025-vice-spiker-parlamenta-abxazii-vybory-v-nkr-sootvetstvuyut-vsem-mezhdunarodnym-standartam.html|date=11 August 2011}}: &quot;Абхазия, Южная Осетия, НКР и Приднестровье уже давно признали независимость друг друга и очень тесно сотрудничают между собой&quot;, – сказал вице-спикер парламента Абхазии. ... &quot;...Абхазия признала независимость Нагорно-Карабахской Республики...&quot; – сказал он.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; [[South Ossetia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;NKRrecognition&quot; /&gt; and [[Transnistria]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NKRrecognition&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;transgovt&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://pridnestrovie.net/foreignpolicy_full.html|title=In detail: The foreign policy of Pridnestrovie|publisher=[[Pridnestrovie]]|date=26 May 2010|access-date=29 June 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511144044/http://pridnestrovie.net/foreignpolicy_full.html|archive-date=11 May 2008|accessdate=2 February 2022|archivedate=11 May 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511144044/http://pridnestrovie.net/foreignpolicy_full.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; Claimed in whole by [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Azerbaijan|Azerbaijan]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/country_profiles/3658938.stm Regions and territories: Nagorno-Karabakh] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070823113424/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/country_profiles/3658938.stm|date=23 August 2007}} (17 January 2006). BBC News. Retrieved 17 January 2006.&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Cook Islands}}'''
| style=&quot;background:#e2efda;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;D&lt;/span&gt; Member of eight [[List of specialized agencies of the United Nations|UN specialized agencies]]
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
&lt;small&gt;(See [[Political status of the Cook Islands and Niue|political status]])&lt;/small&gt;

{{extent}}A state in [[Associated state|free association]] with [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#New Zealand|New Zealand]], {{Numrel|CK|diplomatic relations with|states|alt2=the Cook Islands maintains|O=Y}}. The Cook Islands is a member of [[List of specialized agencies of the United Nations|multiple UN agencies]] with full treaty making capacity.&lt;ref name=&quot;untreaty1&quot; /&gt; It shares a [[Monarchy of New Zealand|head of state]] with New Zealand as well as having [[New Zealand nationality law|shared citizenship]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Kosovo}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Kosovo
| style=&quot;background:#e2efda;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;D&lt;/span&gt; Member of two [[List of specialized agencies of the United Nations|UN specialized agencies]]
| style=&quot;background:#fcc;&quot; |{{claimedby|SERBIA}}
{{extent}}Pursuant to [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244]], Kosovo was placed under the administration of the [[United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo]] in 1999.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo|url=https://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/missions/unmik/|website=UN|access-date=8 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141225015010/http://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/missions/unmik/|archive-date=25 December 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kosovo [[2008 Kosovo declaration of independence|declared independence in 2008]], and it has {{Numrec|Kos|received diplomatic recognition from|UN member states}} and the [[Republic of China]], while 18 states have recognized Kosovo only to later withdraw their recognition.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.mfa.gov.rs/sr/index.php/pres-servis/saopstenja/22340--18-k-sl03032020?lang=lat ''&quot;Sijera Leone je 18. država koja je povukla priznanje tzv. Kosova&quot;'' − http://www.mfa.gov.rs/]&lt;/ref&gt; Serbia continues to maintain its sovereignty claim over Kosovo. Other UN member states and non UN member states continue to recognise Serbian sovereignty or have taken no position on the question. Kosovo is a member of the [[International Monetary Fund]] and the [[World Bank Group]]. The Republic of Kosovo has ''de facto'' control over most of the territory, with limited control in [[North Kosovo]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Niue}}'''
| style=&quot;background:#e2efda;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;D&lt;/span&gt; Member of five [[List of specialized agencies of the United Nations|UN specialized agencies]]
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; None
&lt;small&gt;(See [[Political status of the Cook Islands and Niue|political status]])&lt;/small&gt;

{{extent}}A state in [[Associated state|free association]] with [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#New Zealand|New Zealand]], {{Numrel|Niue|diplomatic relations with|states|alt2=Niue maintains|O=Y}}. Niue is a member of [[List of specialized agencies of the United Nations|multiple UN agencies]] with full treaty making capacity.&lt;ref name=&quot;untreaty1&quot; /&gt; It shares a [[Monarchy of New Zealand|head of state]] with New Zealand as well as having [[New Zealand nationality law|shared citizenship]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Northern Cyprus}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
| style=&quot;background:LemonChiffon;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;D&lt;/span&gt; No membership
| style=&quot;background:#fcc;&quot; |{{claimedby|CYPRUS}}
{{extent}} [[Foreign relations of Northern Cyprus|Recognised only by]] [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Turkey|Turkey]]. Under the name &quot;Turkish Cypriot State&quot;, it is an observer state of the [[Organisation of Islamic Cooperation]] and the [[Economic Cooperation Organization]]. Northern Cyprus is claimed in whole by the [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Cyprus|Republic of Cyprus]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/cyprus/ The World Factbook|Cyprus] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109202203/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/cyprus/ |date=2021-01-09 }}  (10 January 2006). Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 17 January 2006.&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic}}'''
| style=&quot;background:LemonChiffon;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;D&lt;/span&gt; No membership
| style=&quot;background:#fcc;&quot; |{{claimedby|MOROCCO}}
{{extent}}Recognised at some stage by {{Numrec|SADR||UN member states}}, {{Numrec|SADR|W=Y|link=N}} of which have since withdrawn or frozen their recognition. It is a founding member of the [[African Union]] and the Asian–African Strategic Partnership formed at the 2005 [[Asian–African Conference]]. The territories under its control, the so-called [[Free Zone (region)|Free Zone]], are claimed in whole by [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Morocco|Morocco]] as part of its [[Southern Provinces]]. In turn, the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic claims the part of [[Western Sahara]] to the west of the [[Moroccan Western Sahara Wall|Moroccan Wall]] controlled by Morocco. Its government resides in exile in [[Tindouf]], [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Algeria|Algeria]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Somaliland}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of Somaliland
| style=&quot;background:LemonChiffon;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;D&lt;/span&gt; No membership
| style=&quot;background:#fcc;&quot; |{{claimedby|SOMALIA}}
{{extent}}A ''de facto'' independent state,&lt;ref name=&quot;montevideo&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FailureofStates&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|url=http://minnjil.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/kreuterweb-pdf.pdf|last1=Kreuter|first1=Aaron|title=Self-Determination, Sovereignty, and the Failure of States: Somaliland and the Case for Justified Secession|journal=[[Minnesota Journal of International Law]]|volume=19:2|pages=380–381|publisher=[[University of Minnesota Law School]]|year=2010|quote=Considering each of these factors, Somaliland has a colorable argument that it meets the theoretical requirements of statehood. ... On these bases, Somaliland appears to have a strong claim to statehood.|access-date=24 September 2013|df=dmy-all|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927082111/http://minnjil.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/kreuterweb-pdf.pdf|archive-date=27 September 2013|url-status=dead}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927082111/http://minnjil.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/kreuterweb-pdf.pdf |date=27 September 2013 }} {{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://minnjil.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/kreuterweb-pdf.pdf |accessdate=2 February 2022 |archivedate=27 September 2013 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927082111/http://minnjil.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/kreuterweb-pdf.pdf }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AfricaReport&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|url=http://www.operationspaix.net/IMG/pdf/ICG_Somaliland_AU_Leadership_2006-05-23_.pdf|author=International Crisis Group|title=Somaliland: Time for African Union leadership|journal=[[The Africa Report]]|issue=110|pages=10–13|publisher=[[Jeune Afrique|Groupe Jeune Afrique]]|date=23 May 2006|access-date=19 April 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720022321/http://www.operationspaix.net/IMG/pdf/ICG_Somaliland_AU_Leadership_2006-05-23_.pdf|archive-date=20 July 2011|df=dmy-all}} {{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.operationspaix.net/IMG/pdf/ICG_Somaliland_AU_Leadership_2006-05-23_.pdf |accessdate=2022-02-02 |archivedate=2011-07-20 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720022321/http://www.operationspaix.net/IMG/pdf/ICG_Somaliland_AU_Leadership_2006-05-23_.pdf }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PolSomaliland&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|url=http://www.somalilandtimes.net/sl/2009/403/P200.pdf|last1=Mesfin|first1=Berouk|title=The political development of Somaliland and its conflict with Puntland|journal=ISS Paper|issue=200|page=8|publisher=[[Institute for Security Studies]]|date=September 2009|access-date=19 April 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111123043040/http://www.somalilandtimes.net/sl/2009/403/P200.pdf|archive-date=23 November 2011|df=dmy}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;StrangeCase&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|url=http://yalejournal.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/083206arieff.pdf|last1=Arieff|first1=Alexis|title=De Facto Statehood? The Strange Case of Somaliland|journal=[[Yale Journal of International Affairs]]|issue=Spring/Summer 2008|pages=1–79|publisher=International Affairs Council at Yale|access-date=17 April 2011|df=dmy-all|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111213214545/http://yalejournal.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/083206arieff.pdf|archive-date=13 December 2011|url-status=live}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111213214545/http://yalejournal.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/083206arieff.pdf |date=13 December 2011 }} {{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://yalejournal.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/083206arieff.pdf |accessdate=2 February 2022 |archivedate=13 December 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111213214545/http://yalejournal.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/083206arieff.pdf }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Foreign relations of Somaliland|not diplomatically recognised by]] any other state, claimed in whole by the [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Somalia|Federal Republic of Somalia]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Somalilandprofile&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Somaliland profile|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14115069|website=[[BBC News]]|date=14 December 2017|access-date=27 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170423054426/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14115069|archive-date=23 April 2017|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|South Ossetia}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of South Ossetia–the State of Alania
| style=&quot;background:LemonChiffon;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;D&lt;/span&gt; No membership
| style=&quot;background:#fcc;&quot; |{{claimedby|GEORGIA}}
{{extent}}A ''de facto'' independent state,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Jansen, Dinah|title=The Conflict between Self-Determination and Territorial Integrity: the South Ossetian Paradigm|url=https://es.scribd.com/document/31659924/The-Conflict-between-Self-Determination-and-Territorial-Integrity-The-South-Ossetian-Paradigm|journal=Geopolitics Vs. Global Governance: Reinterpreting International Security|pages=222–242|year=2009|publisher=Centre for Foreign Policy Studies, University of Dalhousie|isbn=978-1-896440-61-3|access-date=14 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180819063355/https://es.scribd.com/document/31659924/The-Conflict-between-Self-Determination-and-Territorial-Integrity-The-South-Ossetian-Paradigm|archive-date=19 August 2018|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia|recognised by]] Russia, Nicaragua, Nauru, Syria, Venezuela, Abkhazia, Artsakh and Transnistria. Claimed in whole by [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Georgia|Georgia]] as the [[Provisional Administrative Entity of South Ossetia]].&lt;ref name=&quot;cnnAbSO&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Russia condemned for recognizing rebel regions|url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/europe/08/26/russia.vote.georgia/index.html|newspaper=CNN.com|publisher=Cable News Network|date=26 August 2008|access-date=26 August 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080829045537/http://www.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/europe/08/26/russia.vote.georgia/index.html|archive-date=29 August 2008|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Republic of China|name=Taiwan}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Republic of China{{efn|name=&quot;ChinaTaiwan&quot;}}
| style=&quot;background:LemonChiffon;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;D&lt;/span&gt; No membership
| style=&quot;background:#fcc;&quot; |[[Foreign relations of Taiwan|Partially unrecognised]]. {{claimedby|PRC}}
{{extent}}A state competing (nominally) for recognition with the [[China|People's Republic of China]] (PRC) as the government of China since 1949. The Republic of China (ROC) controls the island of [[Taiwan]] and associated islands, Quemoy, Matsu, the Pratas and parts of the [[Spratly Islands]], and has not renounced claims over its annexed territories on the [[Mainland China|mainland]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Ma refers to China as ROC territory in magazine interview|work=[[Taipei Times]]|date=8 October 2008|url=http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2008/10/08/2003425320|access-date=13 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090603213128/http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2008/10/08/2003425320|archive-date=3 June 2009|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; The ROC is recognised by {{Numrec|ROC|asof=E|alt=UN member states and the Holy See as of}}, none of which recognise the PRC. Additionally, one UN member ([[Bhutan]]) has [[Foreign relations of Taiwan#Relations with neither the ROC nor the PRC|refrained from recognising]] either the ROC or the PRC.

The territory of the ROC is claimed in whole by the PRC.{{efn|name=&quot;TAI2&quot;}} The ROC [[Foreign relations of Taiwan#Relations with international organizations|participates in international organizations]] under a variety of pseudonyms, most commonly &quot;[[Chinese Taipei]]&quot; and in the [[World Trade Organization|WTO]] it has full membership. The ROC was a founding member of the UN and enjoyed membership from 1945 to 1971, with veto power in the [[United Nations Security Council|UN Security Council]]. See [[China and the United Nations]].
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; |'''{{flag|Transnistria|state}}'''&amp;nbsp;– Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic
| style=&quot;background:LemonChiffon;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;D&lt;/span&gt; No membership
| style=&quot;background:#fcc;&quot; |{{claimedby|MOLDOVA}}
{{extent}}A ''de facto'' independent state,&lt;ref name=&quot;montevideo&quot; /&gt; [[Foreign relations of Transnistria|recognised only by]] Abkhazia, Artsakh and South Ossetia.&lt;ref name=&quot;ASOTREC&quot; /&gt; Claimed in whole by [[Улас оронуудай жагсаалта#Moldova|Moldova]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-18286268 Regions and territories: Trans-Dniester]&lt;/ref&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:Lightgrey;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;↑ Other states ↑
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;D ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZ&lt;/span&gt;
|
|- style=&quot;background:Darkgrey;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZZ&lt;/span&gt;
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZZ&lt;/span&gt;
|&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;ZZZZ&lt;/span&gt;
|
|}
{{col-begin|width=700px}}
{{col-2}}
'''Legend &quot;Membership within the UN System&quot; column'''
{{legend|white|UN Member states}}
{{legend|#ddf|UN General Assembly Observer states}}
{{legend|#e2efda|Member of a UN Specialized Agency}}
{{legend|lemonchiffon|No membership in the UN System}}
{{col-2}}
'''Legend &quot;Sovereignty dispute&quot; column'''
{{legend|white|Undisputed sovereignty}}
{{legend|#fcc|Sovereignty disputed}}
{{col-end}}

==Оронууд==
'''[[Азербайжан]]''' {{·}} [[Арабын Нэгдсэн Эмирт Улс]] {{·}} [[Армени]] {{·}} [[Афганистан]] {{·}} [[Балба]] {{·}} [[Бангладеш]] {{·}} [[Бахрейн]] {{·}} [[Бруней]] {{·}} [[Бутан]]  {{·}} [[Вьетнам]] {{·}} [[Гүрж]] {{·}} [[Египет]] {{·}} [[Зүүн Тимор|Зүүн Тимор (Тимор-Лесте)]] {{·}} [[Израиль]] {{·}} [[Индонез]] {{·}} [[Йордан]] {{·}} [[Ирак]] {{·}} [[Иран]]  {{·}} [[Йемен]] {{·}} [[Казахстан]] {{·}} [[Камбож]] {{·}} [[Катар]] {{·}} [[Кипр]] {{·}} [[Кыргызстан]] {{·}} [[Кувейт]] {{·}} [[Лаос]] {{·}} [[Ливан]] {{·}} [[Малайз]] {{·}} [[Мальдив]] {{·}} [[Монгол Улас]] {{·}} [[Мьянмар]] {{·}} [[Оман]]  {{·}} [[Оросой холбоото улас]] {{·}} [[Узбекистан]] {{·}} [[Пакистан]] {{·}} [[Саудын Араб]] {{·}} [[Сингапур]]  {{·}} [[Сири]] {{·}} [[Хойд Солонгос]] {{·}} [[Өмнөд Солонгос]] {{·}} [[Тажикистан]] {{·}} [[Хитад Улас]] {{·}} [[Таиланд]] {{·}} [[Туркменистан]] {{·}} [[Турк]] {{·}}  [[Филиппин]] {{·}} [[Шри Ланка]] {{·}} [[Энэтхэг]] {{·}} [[Эсватини]] {{·}} [[Жибэн]] {{·}} [[Азербайжан]] {{·}} [[Албани]] {{·}} [[Андорра]] {{·}} [[Армен]] {{·}} [[Беларусь]] {{·}} [[Бельги]] {{·}} [[Болгар]] {{·}} [[Босни ба Херцеговина]] {{·}} [[Ватикан]] {{·}} [[Герман]] {{·}} [[Грек]] {{·}} [[Гүрж]] {{·}} [[Дани]] {{·}} [[Ирланд]] {{·}} [[Исланд]] {{·}} [[Испани]] {{·}} [[Итали]] {{·}} [[Казахстан]] {{·}} [[Кипр]] {{·}} [[Ород]] {{·}} [[Латви]] {{·}} [[Литва]] {{·}} [[Лихтенштейн]] {{·}} [[Люксембург]] {{·}} [[Хойто Македони]] {{·}} [[Мальта]] {{·}} [[Молдав]] {{·}} [[Монако]] {{·}} [[Монтенегро]] {{·}} [[Нидерланд]] {{·}} [[Норвеги]] {{·}} [[Нэгдсэн Вант Улс]] {{·}} [[Польш]] {{·}} [[Португал]] {{·}} [[Румын]] {{·}} [[Сан-Марино]] {{·}} [[Серби]] {{·}} [[Словак]] {{·}} [[Словен]] {{·}} [[Турк]] {{·}} [[Унгар]] {{·}} [[Украина]] {{·}} [[Финланд]] {{·}} [[Франц]] {{·}} [[Хорват]] {{·}} [[Чех]] {{·}} [[Швейцари]] {{·}} [[Швед]] {{·}} [[Эстон]] {{·}} [[Амеэрикын Нэгэдэһэн Улас]] {{·}} [[Антигуа ба Барбуда]] {{·}} [[Багамын арлууд]] {{·}} [[Барбадос]] {{·}} [[Белиз]] {{·}} [[Гайти]] {{·}} [[Гватемал]] {{·}} [[Гондурас]] {{·}} [[Гренада]] {{·}} [[Доминика]] {{·}} [[Доминиканы Бүгд Найрамдах Улс]] {{·}} [[Канад]] {{·}} [[Коста-Рика]] {{·}} [[Куба]] {{·}} [[Мексик]] {{·}} [[Никарагуа]] {{·}} [[Панам]] {{·}} [[Сальвадор]] {{·}} [[Сент-Винсент ба Гренадин]] {{·}} [[Сент-Китс ба Невис]] {{·}} [[Сент-Люси]] {{·}} [[Тринидад ба Тобаго]] {{·}} [[Ямайк]] {{·}} [[Аргентин]] {{·}} [[Боливи]] {{·}} [[Бразил]] {{·}} [[Венесуэл]] {{·}} [[Гайана]] {{·}} [[Колумб]] {{·}}  [[Парагвай]] {{·}} [[Перу]] {{·}} [[Суринам]] {{·}} [[Уругвай]] {{·}} [[Чили]] {{·}} [[Эквадор]] {{·}}[[Алжир]]{{·}}  [[Ангол]] {{·}} [[Бенин]] {{·}} [[Ботсвана]] {{·}} [[Буркино-Фасо]] {{·}} [[Бурунди]] {{·}} [[Габон]] {{·}} [[Гамби]] {{·}} [[Гана]] {{·}} [[Гвиней]] {{·}} [[Гвиней-Бисау]] {{·}} [[Джибути]] {{·}} [[Египет]] {{·}} [[Замби]] {{·}} [[Зимбабве]] {{·}} [[Кабо-Верде]] {{·}} [[Камерун]] {{·}} [[Кени]] {{·}} [[Коморын арлууд]] {{·}} [[Конго]] {{·}} [[Ардчилсан Конго]] {{·}} [[Кот д'Ивуар]] {{·}} [[Лесото]] {{·}} [[Либери]] {{·}} [[Ливи]] {{·}} [[Маврикий]] {{·}} [[Мавритан]] {{·}}  [[Мадагаскар]] {{·}} [[Малави]] {{·}} [[Мали]] {{·}} [[Марокко]] {{·}} [[Мозамбик]] {{·}} [[Намиби]] {{·}} [[Нигер]] {{·}} [[Нигери]] {{·}} [[Өмнөд Африк]] {{·}} [[Өмнөд Судан]] {{·}} [[Руанда]] {{·}} [[Сан-Томе ба Принсип]] {{·}} [[Сейшелийн арлууд]] {{·}} [[Сенегал]] {{·}} [[Сомали]] {{·}} [[Судан]] {{·}} [[Сьерра-Леоне]] {{·}} [[Танзани]] {{·}} [[Того]] {{·}} [[Тунис]] {{·}} [[Төв Африк]] {{·}} [[Уганда]] {{·}} [[Чад]] {{·}} [[Экваторын Гвиней]] {{·}} [[Эритрей]] {{·}} [[Этиоп]] {{·}} [[Австрали]] {{·}} [[Вануату]] {{·}} [[Кирибати]] {{·}} [[Маршаллын арлууд]] {{·}} [[Микронези]] {{·}} [[Науру]] {{·}} [[Палау]] {{·}} [[Папуа-Шинэ Гвиней]] {{·}} [[Самоа]] {{·}} [[Соломоны арлууд]] {{·}} [[Тонга]] {{·}} [[Тувалу]] {{·}} [[Фижи]] {{·}} [[Шэнэ Зеланд]]

== Холбооһон ==
* [http://www.madore.org/~david/misc/countries.html Дэлхийд хэдэн орон байдаг вэ?] - энэ хариулж болохгүй асуултын талаарх Дэйвид Марорегийн ниитлэл


{{stub}}

[[nds:Land#Länner]]
[[sv:Världsgeografi#Lista över länder]]
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Дэлхэй</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="40834" sha1="8acpg9qfnltkousp0ll6qzmfbd8pj0m" xml:space="preserve">{{Гараг
| bgcolour=#00b7b5
| name = Дэлхэй
| symbol = [[Файл:Earth symbol (small, bold).svg|32px|🜨]]
| image = [[Файл:The Blue Marble (remastered).jpg|frameless|center|Дэлхэй]]
| flag = {{flagicon|world}}
| caption = [[Аполлон 17]]-һоо абаһан дэлхэйн үнгэтэ зураг
| epoch = [[J2000.0]]
| apoapsis = 152,097,701&amp;nbsp;км &lt;br /&gt;1.0167103335&amp;nbsp;[[Одон ороной нэгэжэ|а.н.]]
| periapsis = 147,098,074&amp;nbsp;км &lt;br /&gt; 0.9832898912&amp;nbsp;А.Н.
| semimajor = 149,597,887.5&amp;nbsp;км &lt;br /&gt; 1.0000001124&amp;nbsp;А.Н.
| eccentricity = 0.016710219
| inclination = 1°34'43.3&quot;&lt;ref name=Allen294&gt;{{cite book
 | title=Allen's Astrophysical Quantities
 | а.н.thor=Allen, Clabon Walter; Cox, Arthur N.
 | publisher=Springer | year=2000 | isbn=0387987460
 | url=http://books.google.com/books?id=w8PK2XFLLH8C&amp;pg=PA294
 | pages=294}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br /&gt; [[тогтомол хабтан|тогтомол хабтанда]]
| asc_node = 348.73936°
| arg_peri = 114.20783°
| period = 365.256366&amp;nbsp;үдэр&lt;br /&gt; 1.0000175&amp;nbsp;[[Юлианай жэл (одон орон)|Юлианай жэл]]
| avg_speed = 29.783&amp;nbsp;км/с &lt;br /&gt; 107,218&amp;nbsp;км/саг
| satellites = 1&amp;nbsp;([[Һара]])
| physical_characteristics = yes
| flattening = 0.0033528&lt;ref name=iers/&gt;
| equatorial_radius = 6,378.1&amp;nbsp;км&lt;ref name=iers&gt;{{cite conference
 | а.н.thor=IERS Working Groups
 | editor=McCarthy, Dennis D.; Petit, Gérard
 | title=General Definitions and Numerical Standards
 | year=2003 | booktitle=IERS Technical Note No. 32
 | publisher=U.S. Naval Observatory and Bureа.н. International des Poids et Mesures
 | url=http://www.iers.org/MainDisp.csl?pid=46-25776
 | accessdate=2008-08-03 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| polar_radius = 6,356.8&amp;nbsp;км&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book
 | first=Anny
 | last=Cazenave
 | editor=Ahrens, Thomas J.
 | year=1995
 | chaptertitle=Geoid, Topography and Distribution of Landforms
 | title=Global earth physics a handbook of physical constants
 | publisher=American Geophysical Union
 | location=Washington, DC
 | isbn=0-87590-851-9
 | url=http://www.agu.org/reference/gephys/5_cazenave.pdf
 | accessdate=2008-08-03
 | format=PDF
 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061016024803/http://www.agu.org/reference/gephys/5_cazenave.pdf |date=2006-10-16 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| mean_radius = 6,371.0&amp;nbsp;км&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book
 | а.н.thor=Various | editor=David R. Lide | year=2000
 | title=Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
 | edition=81st | publisher=CRC
 | isbn=0849304814 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| circumference = 40,075.02&amp;nbsp;км&amp;nbsp;([[экватор]]ын)&lt;br /&gt;40,007.86&amp;nbsp;км&amp;nbsp;([[уртрагийн]])&lt;br /&gt;40,041.47&amp;nbsp;км&amp;nbsp;(дундаж)
| surface_area = 510,072,000&amp;nbsp;км²&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal
 | last = Pidwirny | first = Michael | date=2006-02-02
 | title=Surface area of our planet covered by oceans and continents.(Table 8o-1)
 | publisher=University of British Columbia, Okanagan
 | url=http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/8o.html
 | accessdate=2007-11-26
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=cia&gt;{{cite web
 | author=Staff
 | date=2008-07-24
 | url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/xx.html
 | title=World
 | work=The World Factbook
 | publisher=Central Intelligence Agency
 | accessdate=2008-08-05
 | archivedate=2010-01-05
 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100105171656/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/xx.html
 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
148,940,000&amp;nbsp;км²&amp;nbsp;- хуурай газар &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;(29.2 %)&lt;br /&gt;
361,132,000&amp;nbsp;км²&amp;nbsp;- ус &amp;nbsp;(70.8 %)
| volume = [[Дэлхэйн эзлэхүүн|1.0832073{{e|12}}]]&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;
| mass = 5.9736{{e|24}}&amp;nbsp;кг&lt;ref name=&quot;earth_fact_sheet&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last = Williams | first = David R. | date = 2004-09-01 | url = http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/earthfact.html | title = Earth Fact Sheet | publisher = NASA | accessdate = 2007-03-17 | archivedate = 2013-05-08 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20130508021904/http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/earthfact.html }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| density = 5.5153&amp;nbsp;г/см&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;
| surface_grav = [[Дэлхийн татах хүч|9.780327]] м/с²&lt;ref name=&quot;yoder12&quot;&gt;Yoder, C. F. (1995) p. 12.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;0.99732&amp;nbsp;[[хүндийн хүчний хурдатгал|''g'']]
| escape_velocity = 11.186&amp;nbsp;км/с&amp;nbsp;
| sidereal_day = 0.99726968&amp;nbsp;өдөр&lt;ref name=Allen296&gt;{{cite book
 | title=Allen's Astrophysical Quantities
 | а.н.thor=Allen, Clabon Walter; Cox, Arthur N.
 | publisher=Springer | year=2000 | isbn=0387987460
 | url=http://books.google.com/books?id=w8PK2XFLLH8C&amp;pg=PA296
 | pages=296}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;23{{smallsup|ц}}&amp;nbsp;56{{smallsup|м}}&amp;nbsp;4.100{{smallsup|с}}
| rot_velocity = 1,674.4 км/саг (465.1 м/с)
| axial_tilt = 23.439281°
| albedo = 0.367&lt;ref name=&quot;earth_fact_sheet&quot;/&gt;
| atmosphere = yes
| temperatures = yes
| temp_name1 = [[Кельвин]]
| min_temp_1 = 184&amp;nbsp;K
| mean_temp_1 = 287&amp;nbsp;K
| max_temp_1 = 331&amp;nbsp;K
| temp_name2 = [[Цельс]]
| min_temp_2 = −89&amp;nbsp;°C
| mean_temp_2 = 14&amp;nbsp;°C
| max_temp_2 = 57.7&amp;nbsp;°C
| surface_pressure = 101.3&amp;nbsp;[[кПа]] ([[Далайн түвшин|Дундаж далайн түвшин]])
| atmosphere_composition = 78.08%&amp;nbsp;[[Азот]] (N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;)&lt;br /&gt; 20.95%&amp;nbsp;[[Хүшэлтүрэгшэ]] (O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;)&lt;br /&gt; 0.93%&amp;nbsp;[[Аргон]]&lt;br /&gt; 0.038%&amp;nbsp;[[Нүүрһэнхүшэлэй хии]]&lt;br /&gt; 1% оршомой [[уһанай уурал]] ([[уурал амисхал]]һаа хамаарша өөр байна)&lt;ref name=&quot;earth_fact_sheet&quot;/&gt;
|note=no
}}
{{Хадмал
|style = {{floatleft}}
|монгол_бэшэг = [[Файл:Delehei.PNG|21px]]
|кирилл_буряад = Дэлхэй
|кирилл_монгол = Дэлхий
|кирилл_хальмаг = [[:xal:Делкә|Делкә]]
}}
'''Дэлхэй''' (тэмдэг: [[File:Earth symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|🜨]]) — [[Наранай аймаг|наранай аймагай]] гурбадахи [[гараг]], сори ганса [[амидарал]]тай [[юртэмсэ]] юм. Дэлхэйнь 4,57 [[тэрбум]] [[жэл]]эй урда тээ бии болоһон&lt;ref name=&quot;age_earth&quot;&gt;{{cite book  | first=G.B. | last=Dalrymple | year=1991 | title=The Age of the Earth | url=https://archive.org/details/ageofearth00unse | publisher=Stanford University Press | location=California | id=ISBN 0-8047-1569-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;, нэгэ дахуултай ([[Һара]]), 365,26 [[үдэр]] соо [[Наран]]иие бүтэн тойродог).&lt;ref&gt;Энэ үеые [[сидеральна жэл]] гэжэ нэрлэдэг. Наранай үдэрэй тоо [[сидеральна үдэр]]эй тооһоо нэгээр бага, юундэб гэхэдэ Дэлхэйн Наранай тойрохо хүдэлөөн гарагай тэнхэлигэй тойрогто нэгэ нэмэлтэ эрьелтэ үүсхэнэ.&lt;/ref&gt;. Дэлхэйн эрьелтын тэнхэлиг 23,5° хазайһан байдаг, дэлхэй дээрэхи [[Жэлэй дүрбэн уларил|уларилай]] хубилалтын шалтагаан болоно&lt;ref&gt;Ahrens, ''Global Earth Physics: A Handbook of Physical Constants'', p. 8.&lt;/ref&gt;. Дэлхэй болбол шулуун гараг мүн. Дэлхэй ойролсоогоор бүмбэрсэг шэнги дүрсэтэй. Дэлхэйн Наранһаа дунда зэргын зайнь 149,6 сая км болоод энэнь 1 [[одон орон шудалалгын нэгэжэ]]тэй адли болоно.&lt;ref name=SNL&gt;{{Cite web|author=Ringnes, Truls; Aksnes, Kaare; Ramberg, Ivar; Bryhni, Inge|date=2024 |url=https://snl.no/Jorden |title=Jorden |publisher=Store norske leksikon |accessdate=2024-07-04}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Дэлхэй хадаа [[агаар мандал]]тай, гадаргуунь 71 % [[далай]] ([[уһан]]), үлэһэн 29 % — хуурай газар ([[түби]]нүүд, [[арал]]нууд). Дэлхэйн гадаргуунь [[Тектоник плита|тектоник плитануудта]] хубаагдаха ба тэдэгээрэнь таһаралтагүй нүүжэ (хүбжэ) байдаг. Эрьелдэдэг, багахан хабшагар Дэлхэйн бүмбэрсэг бүһэлүүрлиг тогтосотой болоод [[Дэлхэйн сүм|сүм]], [[манти]], [[Дэлхэйн холтоһон|холтоһонһоо]] тогтоно.

== Дэлхэйн бойжолго ==
4.57 тэрбум жэлэй үмэнэ&lt;ref name=&quot;age_earth&quot; /&gt; Дэлхэй болон [[Наранай аймаг|Hаранай аймагай]] бусад [[гараг]]ууд, хиин манарһаа (''Solar Nebula'') үүдэһэн гэжэ [[Шэнжэлхэ ухаанай таамаглал|таамаглажа]] байгаа болоод Дэлхэйнь эхилээд халуун хайламаг байгаад аажамаар хүрэжэ, хатуу холтоһотой болоһон байна. Дэлхэйн дахуул [[Һара]]нь, Дэлхэйе [[Мягмар (гараг)|Мягмар]] гарагтай ойролсоо хэмжээтэй бэетэ («Тейя» гэжэ нэрэлдэг) мүргэхэ үедэ үүдэһэн гэжэ таамагладаг&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | last = R. Canup and E. Asphа.н.g | title = Origin of the Moon in a giant impact near the end of the Earth's formation  | journal = Nature | volume = 412 | pages = 708-712 | date = 2001 | url = http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v412/n6848/abs/412708a0.html }}&lt;/ref&gt;.

Аажамаар Дэлхэйн [[температура]] 100 °C (212 °F) оршом болоход эртын [[агаар мандал]] дахи [[уһан]]ай уурал конденсат болоһон, [[далай]] үүдэжэ эхилһэн байна. Агаар мандалда [[хүшэлтүрэгшэ]], уламаар агаар мандалай дээд дабхаргад [[озон]] (O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) үүдэһэнээр, [[наран|наранһаа]] ерэхэ [[ультраягаан туяа]] багадхажа, анханай ниилэмэл эстэй амитад, улмаар жинхэнэ [[олон эстэй амитад]] үүдэжэ эхилбэ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | last = Burton | first = Kathleen | date = [[November 29]], [[2000]] | url = http://www.nasa.gov/centers/ames/news/releases/2000/00_79AR.html | title = Astrobiologists Find Evidence of Early Life on Land | publisher = NASA | accessdate = 2007-03-05 | archivedate = 2011-10-11 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20111011032824/http://www.nasa.gov/centers/ames/news/releases/2000/00_79AR.html }}&lt;/ref&gt;.

Дэлхэйн гадаргуу байнга, таһаралтагүй хубилагдажа байһан гэжэ үзэдэг. Ондоогоор хэлэбэл, эхэ газарнууд нүүжэ, хоорондоо нэгэдэн [[түби|супертүби]] үүсхэн, һүүлдэнь задаржа байһанһаа нилээд шухала [[супертүби]]нь 600—540 [[сая]] [[жэл]]эй үмэнэ бии боложо, 180 сая [[жэл]]эй үмэнэ задарһан ([[супертүби|Гондвана]], [[супертүби|Лаврази]] 2 супертүби үүсхэһэн) [[Пангея]] юм&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | а.н.thor=Murphy, J. B.; Nance, R. D. | title=How do supercontinents assemble? | journal=American Scientist | year=1965 | volume=92 | pages=324–33 | url=http://scienceweek.com/2004/sa040730-5.htm | accessdate=2007-03-05 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070713194319/http://scienceweek.com/2004/sa040730-5.htm |date=2007-07-13 }} {{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://scienceweek.com/2004/sa040730-5.htm |accessdate=2014-01-21 |archivedate=2007-07-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070713194319/http://scienceweek.com/2004/sa040730-5.htm }}&lt;/ref&gt;. Дэлхэй дээрэ хэд хэдэн томохон [[мүльһэтэлгэ|мүльһэтэлгүүд]] ябагдаһан гэжэ таамагладаг ба эхинэйхэнь 750—580 сая жэлэй үмэнэ ([[Неопротерозой]]), һүүлынхэнь 10,000 жэлэй үмэнэ дууһаһан байна&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | а.н.thor=Staff | url = http://www.lakepowell.net/sciencecenter/paleoclimate.htm | title = Paleoclimatology - The Study of Ancient Climates | publisher = Page Paleontology Science Center | accessdate = 2007-03-02 }}&lt;/ref&gt;.

Дэлхэйн хүгжөөлэй түүхэдэ [[махабад|амиды махабадай]] томохон задаралганууд тохёолдожо байһанһаа һүүлынхинь 65 [[сая]] жэлэй үмэнэ болоһон [[үлэг гүрбэл|үлэг гүрбэлнүүдэй]] мүхэл юм (шалтагааниинь дэлхэй дээрэ [[солир]] унаһантай холбон таамагладаг). Уг задаралгын дараагаар жажаг амитад, жэшээлбэл, [[һүн тэжээлтэн]] амитад эршэмтэй тархажа эхилһэн ба хэдэн сая жэлэй үмэнэ [[Африка|Африкын]] [[мэшэн|мэшэтэй]] түһөөтэй амитадые хоёр хүлэ дээрээ ябадаг болоһон гэжэ [[Шэнжэлхэ ухаанай таамаглал|таамагладаг]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | last = Gould | first = Stephan J. | title=The Evolution of Life on Earth | journal=Scientific American | date=October , 1994 | url=http://brembs.net/gould.html | accessdate=2007-03-05 }}&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Дэлхэйн бүтэсэ ==
[[Наранай аймaг|Наранай аймагай]] 4 гараг (Наранда ойрхон 4 гараг) хатуу, шулуурхаг гадаргуутай («Хүрьһэтэ гараг») болоод тэдгээрһээ Дэлхэйнь хамагай томо, ехэ [[нягта]]тай, хүсэтэй [[суранзан орон]]той, газарай [[татадаг хүсэн]] хамагай ехэтэй [[гараг]] юм. Дэлхэйнь юрэнхыдөө үндэгэлиг бүмбэлэг хэлбэритэй болобош, үнэндээ гадаргуунь тэгшэ бэшэ ушар Дэлхэйн хэлбэриие [[Геоид]] гэжэ нэрэлнэ.

=== Химиин найралга ===
Дэлхэйн [[масса]] ойролсоогоор 5,98 ×10&lt;sup&gt;24&lt;/sup&gt; [[кг]]. Гол бүрдүүлэгшэ [[химиин элемент|элементүүд]] [[түмэр]] (32.1 %), [[хүшэлтүрэгшэ]] (30.1 %), [[сахюур]] (15.1 %), [[магни]] (13.9 %), [[хүхэр]] (2.9 %), [[никель]] (1.8 %), [[кальци]] (1.5 %), [[хүнгэнсагаан]] (1.4 %) ба үлэхэ 1,2 % бусад [[химиин элемент]]ууд юм&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | а.н.thor=Morgan, J. W.; Anders, E. | title=Chemical composition of Earth, Venus, and Mercury | journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Science | year=1980 | volume=71 | issue=12 | pages=6973–6977 | url=http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=350422 | accessdate=2007-02-04 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130718075202/http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=350422 |date=2013-07-18 }} {{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=350422 |accessdate=2014-01-22 |archivedate=2013-07-18 |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130718075202/http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=350422 }}&lt;/ref&gt;.

[[АНУ|АНУ-ай]] [[геохими]]к [[Франк Уиглсуорт Кларк|Франк Кларкын]] тоосоогоор, Дэлхэйн холтоһоной 47 % [[хүшэлтүрэгшэ]] болоод ниитэ шулуулагай 99,22 % [[сахюур]], [[хүнгэнсагаан]], [[түмэр]], [[кальци]] зэргэ ниитэ 11 эһэлһээ тогтодог байна.

{| {{prettytable}}
|+ Ф.Кларкын хүсэнэгтэ &lt;br /&gt;(Дэлхэйн холтоһоной үндэһэн эһэлнүүд)
!Найралга
!Химиин томьёо
!Тархалта
|-
|[[Сахюурай эһэл]]
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;
|style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;|59.71 %
|-
|[[Хүнгэнсагаан эһэл]]
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;
|style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;|15.41 %
|-
|[[Кальциин эһэл]]
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|CaO
|style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;|4.90 %
|-
|[[Магниин эһэл]]
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|MgO
|style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;|4.36 %
|-
|[[Натриин эһэл]]
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|Na&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O
|style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;|3.55 %
|-
|[[Түмэрэй (II) эһэл]]
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|FeO
|style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;|3.52 %
|-
|[[Калиин эһэл]]
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|K&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O
|style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;|2.80 %
|-
|[[Түмэрэй (III) эһэл]]
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|Fe&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;
|style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;|2.63 %
|-
|[[Уһан]]
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O
|style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;|1.52 %
|-
|[[Титанай дабхар эһэл]]
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;
|style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;|0.60 %
|-
|[[Фосфорой тавч эһэл]]
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|P&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;
|style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;|0.22 %
|-
!colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Ниитэ
!style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;|99.22 %
|}

=== Дэлхэйн дотоодо бүтэсэ ===
[[Файл:Earth-crust-cutaway-bxr.png|thumbnail|upright=1.25|right|Дэлхэйн бүтэсэ (хэмжээ харгалзаагүй, cхем).]]
Дэлхэйнь гүн тээшээ дабхар бүтэсэтэй болоод химиин найралгынгаа хубида:
* Эгээн гадна таладаа, cиликатлиг найралгатай, хатуу [[Дэлхэйн холтоһон|холтоһон]],
* Тэрэнэй дотор талада шэнгэн [[манти]],
* [[Манти|Mантитай]] харисуулхада харисангы аглуун [[Дэлхэйн сүм|гадаада сүм]],
* Эгээн түбтөө хатуу [[Дэлхэйн сүм|дотоодо сүм]] гэжэ хубаагдана.

Харин [[геологи]]ин хубида [[литосферэ]], [[астеносферэ]], [[манти|дээдэ манти]], [[манти|доодо манти]], [[Дэлхэйн сүм|гадаада]] болон [[Дэлхэйн сүм|дотоодо сүм]] гэһэн үе дабхаргуудтай&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book
  | first=Toshiro
  | last=Tanimoto
  | editor=Thomas J. Ahrens
  | year=1995
  | title=Crustal Structure of the Earth
  | booktitle=Global Earth Physics: A Handbook of Physical Constants
  | publisher=American Geophysical Union
  | location=Washington, DC
  | id=ISBN 0-87590-851-9
  | url=http://www.agu.org/reference/gephys/15_tanimoto.pdf
  | accessdate=2007-02-03
  }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061016194153/http://www.agu.org/reference/gephys/15_tanimoto.pdf |date=2006-10-16 }} {{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.agu.org/reference/gephys/15_tanimoto.pdf |accessdate=2014-01-22 |archivedate=2006-10-16 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061016194153/http://www.agu.org/reference/gephys/15_tanimoto.pdf }}&lt;/ref&gt;
.

{| {{prettytable}} class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!colspan=2 style=&quot;width: 33%;&quot;|Гүн
!rowspan=2 valign=&quot;bottom&quot;|Үе дабхарга
!rowspan=2 style=&quot;width: 15%;&quot;|Нягта&lt;br /&gt;гр/см&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;
|-
!Километр
!Мили
|-
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|0-60
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|0-37
|[[Литосферэ]] (Зузааниинь 5-200 км хүрэтэр өөршэлэгдэдэг)
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|—
|- style=&quot;background: #FEFEFE;&quot;
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|0-35
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|0-22
|… [[Дэлхэйн холтоһон|холтоһон]] (Зузааниинь 5-70 км хүрэтэр өөршэлэгдэдэг)
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;| 2.2-2.9
|- style=&quot;background: #FEFEFE;&quot;
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|35-60
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|22-37
|… Мантиин дээдэ хэһэг
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;| 3.4-4.4
|-
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|35-2890
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|22-1790
|[[Манти]]
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;| 3.4-5.6
|- style=&quot;background: #FEFEFE;&quot;
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|100-700
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|62-435
|… [[Астеносферэ]]
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|—
|-
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|2890-5100
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|1790-3160
|[[Дэлхэйн сүм|Гадаада сүм]]
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;| 9.9-12.2
|-
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|5100-6378
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|3160-3954
|[[Дэлхэйн сүм|Дотоодо сүм]]
|style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;| 12.8-13.1
|}

==== Сүм ====
{{main|Сүм}}
Дэлхэйн дундажа [[нягта]] 5515 кг/м&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, харин гадаргуугай дундажа [[нягта]] 3017 кг/м&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; тула [[Дэлхэйн сүм]]ые харисангы дэлюун нягтатай гэжэ үзэдэг ба энэнь [[геофизика|сейсмическа]] шудалгаагаар баталагдадаг байна. Сейсмическа (шэшэргэлэлэй) S долгиной хурданай һааралтаар гадаада сүмые шэнгэн зуурмаг гээд баталаа. Ушарынь S долгиниинь шэнгэн бэеэ нэбтэрдэггүй байна. Дэлхэйн бойжолгын эхинэй үедэ, ойролсоогоор 4.52 [[тэрбум]] [[жэл]]эй оршом, хүндэ химиин нэгэдэлнүүд дэлхэйн түб руу һуужа гү, али бөөгнэрэн, хүнгэниинь дэлхэйн холтоһон гү, али гадаргуу руу шэлжэнэ, илгаралта ябагдаһанай үрэ дүндэ сүмынь бойжоһон гэжэ үзэдэг. Сүмынь үндэһэндөө [[түмэр]] (80 %), [[никель]], мүн багахан хэмжээнэй бусад [[химиин элемент|химиин элементһээ]] тогтоно. Эдэ хүхэр, карбон, уһантүрэгшэ зэргын бусад элементүүдые багтаха магадгүй гэжэ үзэдэг.

==== Манти ====
[[Файл:Slice_earth.svg|thumbnail|right|Дэлхэйн дотоодо бүтэсэ. 1. Эхэ газарай холтоһон — 2. Далайн холтоһон — 3. Дээдэ манти — 4. Доодо манти — 5. Гадаада сүм — 6. Дотоодо сүм &lt;br /&gt;A: [[Мохиин зааг]] &lt;br /&gt; B: [[Гутенбергай зааг]] &lt;br /&gt;C: [[Лехманай зааг]]]]
{{main|Манти}}
Мантинь Дэлхэйн ниитэ [[эзэлхүүн]]эй 70%-ийг эзэлдэг, ниитэдээ 2,890 [[км]] зузаан. Даралта [[манти]] ба [[Дэлхэйн сүм|сүмэй]] заагта ~140 [[Паскаль|ГПа]] (1.4 Maтм), [[температура]] 500&amp;nbsp;°C-900&amp;nbsp;°C (932&amp;nbsp;°F-1,652&amp;nbsp;°F) хоорондо хэлбэлзэхэ ба [[манти]], [[Дэлхэйн сүм|гадаада сүмэй]] зааг дээрэ 4,000&amp;nbsp;°C (7,200&amp;nbsp;°F) байна.
Мантиие үндэһэн 2 хэһэгтэ хубаадаг. Дээдэ болон доодо манти. Энэ хоёр үень бүрдүүлэгшэ эрдэс минералаараа илгагдана.

==== Холтоһон ====
{{main|Дэлхэйн холтоһон}}
Геологиин үүдэнһээ, [[Дэлхэйн холтоһон]]иинь Дэлхэйн хамагай гадана талын хатуу бүрхөөл ([[литосфери]]ин дээдэ хэһэг) болоод [[магмын шулуулаг|базальтлаг]] болон [[магмын шулуулиг|боржинлиг]] шулуунһаа тогтоно. Дэлхэйн ниитэ эзэлхүүнэй &lt; 1 % эзэлнэ.

=== Тектоникын плита ===
{{main|Плитануудай тектоника}}
[[Плитануудай тектоника|Литосферэнь]] [[Плитануудай тектоника|тектоникын плитанууд]] гэжэ нэрэлэгдэхэ хэһэгүүдтэ хубаагдаһан (эбдэрһэн) байдаг болоод [[Плитануудай тектоника|астеносферэ]] дээгүүр нүүжэ (хүбэжэ) байдаг байна. Ниитэдээ 7 томо [[Плитануудай тектоника|плита]], олон тооной жэжэг [[Плитануудай тектоника|плитанууд]] байна.

=== Дэлхэйн гадаргуу ===
Дэлхэйн ниитэ гадаргуугай 70,8 % [[уһан|уһаар]] ([[Далай]]гаар) бүрхэгдэнэ&lt;ref name=&quot;Pidwirny2006&quot;&gt;{{cite web
  | last = Pidwirny
  | first = Michael
  | year = 2006
  | url = http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/7h.html
  | title = Fundamentals of Physical Geography
  | edition = 2nd Edition
  | publisher = PhysicalGeography.net
  | accessdate = 2007-03-19 }}&lt;/ref&gt;. [[Далай]]н ёроолын гадаргуунь тэгшэ бус болоод уула нюрганууд ([[Далайн голшо нюруу]]), [[галта уула]], хабсал, дэбисэг зэргэтэй байна&lt;ref name=&quot;ngdc2006&quot;&gt;{{cite web
 | author =Sandwell, D. T.; Smith, W. H. F.
 | date =2006-07-07
 | url =http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/bathymetry/predicted/explore.HTML
 | title =Exploring the Ocean Basins with Satellite Altimeter Data
 | publisher =NOAA/NGDC
 | accessdate =2007-04-21
 | archivedate =2011-08-11
 | archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20110811221210/http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/bathymetry/predicted/explore.HTML }}&lt;/ref&gt;. Үлдэх 29,2 % нь [[түби|хуурай газар]] болоод [[сүл]], тэгшэ тала, үндэр уулас зэргэ [[геоморфологи]]ин олон элементүүдһээ бүрдэнэ. Хуурай газарай гадаргуугай 75 % [[шулуу|тунамал шулуулгаар]] хушагдана&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | last = Jessey | first = David | url = http://geology.csupomona.edu/drjessey/class/Gsc101/Weathering.html | title = Weathering and Sedimentary Rocks | publisher = Cal Poly Pomona | accessdate = 2007-03-20 | archivedate = 2007-07-03 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070703170212/http://geology.csupomona.edu/drjessey/class/Gsc101/Weathering.html }}&lt;/ref&gt;. үлэхэ хэһэгтэнь [[шулуу|магмын]] болон [[шулуу|хубирмал шулуулаг]] тархана. Дэлхэйн газарай гадаргуу дээрэ хамагай үргэн тархалтатай [[эрдэс]]үүд бол [[Силикатын бүлэгэй эрдэс|кварц]], [[Силикатын бүлэгэй эрдэс|хээрын жоншо]], [[Силикатын бүлгийн эрдэс|амфибол]], [[Силикатын бүлэгэй эрдэс|гялтгануур]], [[Силикатын бүлэгэй эрдэс|пироксен]], [[Силикатын бүлэгэй эрдэс|оливин]], [[Карбонатын бүлэгэй эрдэс|кальцит]], [[Карбонатын бүлэгэй эрдэс|доломит]] зэргэ юм&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | а.н.thor = Staff | url = http://natural-history.uoregon.edu/Pages/web/mineral.htm | title = Minerals | publisher = Museum of Natural History, Oregon | accessdate = 2007-03-20 | archivedate = 2007-07-03 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070703170251/http://natural-history.uoregon.edu/Pages/web/mineral.htm }}&lt;/ref&gt;. Дэлхэйн гадаргуунь тектоник хүдэлгөөн болон элэгдэл, [[үгэршэл|үгэршһээ]] хамааран тасаралтагүй өөршэлэгдэдэг байна.

Дэлхэйн [[түби|хуурай газарай]] хамагай нам дор сэгэнь [[далай]]н түбшэнһөө доошо 418 м-т оршохо [[Һүнэһэн тэнгис]], хамагай үргэгдэһэн сэгэнь 8,848 м үргэгдэһэн [[Эверест]] орьёл юм. Эхэ газар дундажаар далайн түбшэнһөө дээшэ 686 м үргэгдэһэн байдаг&lt;ref name=&quot;hr_mill&quot;&gt;{{cite journal | last=Mill | first=Hugh Robert | title=The Permanence of Ocean Basins | journal=The Geographical Journal | year=1893 | volume=1 | issue=3 | pages=230-234 | url=http://www.wku.edu/~smithch/wallace/S453.htm | accessdate=2007-02-25 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070225054604/http://www.wku.edu/~smithch/wallace/S453.htm |date=2007-02-25 }} {{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.wku.edu/~smithch/wallace/S453.htm |accessdate=2014-01-22 |archivedate=2007-02-25 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070225054604/http://www.wku.edu/~smithch/wallace/S453.htm }}&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== Уһан мандал ===
{{main|Уһан мандал}}
[[Файл:Atmosphere-Biosphere-Hydrosphere-Lithosphere.png|мини|Дэлхэйн уһан мандал]]
Дэлхэйн ниитэ гадаргуугай ехэнхинь [[уһан|уһаар]] бүрхэгдэһэн байдагаараа [[наранай аймаг|Наранай аймагайн]] бусад [[гараг|гарагуудһаа]] илгаатай болоод «Сэнхир Гараг» гэжэ нэрэлэгдэдэг. Дэлхэйн уһан мандал үндэһэндээ [[далай|Дэлхэйн далайнуудһаа]] бүрдэхэ болобош, үүндэ баһа [[Түби|эхэ газарай]] [[тэнгис]], [[нуур]], [[гол|гол мүрэн]], газарай гадаргууһаа 2000 [[метр|м]] хүрэтэр гүндэ оршохо гүнэй [[уһан]]ые оруулдаг байна. Дэлхэйн хамагай гүн [[уһан|уһатай]] газар бол [[Номгон далай]]да оршохо [[Марианай хотигор]] (10,911 м гүн)&lt;ref name=&quot;rain.org&quot;&gt;{{cite web | а.н.thor=Staff | url = http://www.rain.org/ocean/ocean-studies-challenger-deep-mariana-trench.html | title = &quot;Deep Ocean Studies&quot; | work = Ocean Studies | publisher = RAIN National Public Internet and Community Technology Center | accessdate = 2006-04-02
}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Далайн дундажа гүн 3,794 м байдаг.

[[Далай]]н ниитэ [[масса]] 1.35 х 10&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt; [[тонно]] гү, али Дэлхэйн ниитэ массын 1/4400, [[эзэлхүүн]]иинь 1,386 × 109 км³. Дэлхэй дээрхи ниитэ уһанай 97,5 % [[дабһатай]] [[уһан]] болоод үлэхэ 2,5 % сэбэр уһан юм. Сэбэр уһанай 68,7 % [[уһан|мүльһэн]] хэлбэрээр оршоно&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | а.н.thor = Igor A. Shiklomanov ''et al'' | year = 1999 | url = http://espejo.unesco.org.uy/ | title = World Water Resources and their use Beginning of the 21st Century&quot; Prepared in the Framework of IHP UNESCO | publisher = State Hydrological Institute, St. Petersburg | accessdate = 2006-08-10 | archivedate = 2006-08-08 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060808204116/http://espejo.unesco.org.uy/ }}&lt;/ref&gt;.

Далайн уһаниинь [[наран]]ай [[энерги]]ие ехэ хэмжээгээр шэнгээдэг ушар далайн уһанай [[температура|температурын]] тархалтаар дэлхэйн [[саг уурал]] тодорхойлогдоно&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | last = Scott | first = Michon | date = [[April 24]], [[2006]] | url = http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Study/HeatBucket/ | title = Earth's Big heat Bucket | publisher = NASA Earth Observatory | accessdate = 2007-03-14
}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Үүнэй тод жэшээ бол [[Эль Ниньо|ЭНСО]] (El Niño-Southern Oscillation) юм&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 | first =Sharron
 | last =Sample
 | date =June 21, 2005
 | url =http://science.hq.nasa.gov/oceans/physical/SST.html
 | title =Sea Surface Temperature
 | publisher =NASA
 | accessdate =2007-04-21
 | archivedate =2007-04-29
 | archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20070429030121/http://science.hq.nasa.gov/oceans/physical/SST.html
 }}&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== Агаар мандал ===
{{main|Агаар мандал}}
[[Файл:Atmosfeer.png|thumb|upright|Дэлхэйн агаар мандал]]
[[Файл:Atmosphere layers-bxr.svg|thumb|left|upright=0.5| alt=A.| ''[[Агаар мандал]]''.]]
Дэлхэйн агаар мандал гэжэ [[Дэлхэйн татаха хүсэн]]дэ захирагдан, Дэлхэйн гадна талаар хүрээлэн байгаа [[хиин түлэб|хиин]] дабхргые хэлэнэ. Агаар мандалай 78 % [[азот]], 20,95 % [[хүшэлтүрэгшэ]], 0,93 % [[аргон]], 0,038 % [[нүүрһэнтүрэгшын дабхар эһэл]], 1 % [[уһан|уһанай уурал]] болон маша бага хэмжээтэй бусад [[хиин түлэб|хиинүүд]] байна. Эдэгээр хиинүүдые ниүлүүлээд бидэ [[агаар]] гэжэ нэрэлдэг. Агаар мандалиинь [[Наран]]һаа ерэхэ [[ультраягаан туяа]]е шэнгээжэ, [[үдэр]], [[һүни]]ин [[температура|температурын]] илгаае тогтоборжуулан, Дэлхэй дээрэ [[амидарал]] байха нүхэсэлые бүрдүүлнэ&lt;ref name=&quot;atmosphere&quot;&gt;{{cite web | а.н.thor = Staff | date = October 8, 2003 | url = http://www.nasa.gov/а.н.dience/forstudents/9-12/features/912_liftoff_atm.html | title = Earth's Atmosphere | publisher = NASA | accessdate = 2007-03-21 }}{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;.

Гaзарай гадаргуу оршомын агаар мандалай дундажа [[температура]] 15&amp;nbsp;°C байдаг.

Дэлхэйн агаар мандал бол олон дабхартай:
* [[тропосфера]]
* [[стратосфера]]
* [[мезосфера]]
* [[ионосфера]]
* [[термосфера]]
* [[экзосфера]]

== Һара ==
{{main|Һара}}
[[Файл:Earth-Moon2.jpg|thumb|center|upright=4|Дэлхэйн, Һарын хороондо зай болон хэмжээн нюруутай масштабтай зураг]]

Һара — дэлхэйн ганса [[байгаалиин дахуул]] юм.

== Дэлхэйн эрьелтэ ба орбита ==

Дэлхэй тэнхлэгээрээ 23 саг, 56 минут, 4.091 секундта нэгэ бүтэн эрьедэг болоод&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | last = Fisher | first = Rick | date = January, 30, 1996 | url = http://www.cv.nrao.edu/~rfisher/Ephemerides/times.html | title = Astronomical Times | publisher = National Radio Astronomy Observatory | accessdate = 2007-03-21 | archivedate = 2011-08-18 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110818022038/http://www.cv.nrao.edu/~rfisher/Ephemerides/times.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; Наранһаа дундажаар 150 сая км зайда, 30 км/сек (108,000 км/саг) хурдатайгаар 365.2564 үдэртэ Нараниие нэгэ бүтэн тойрожо эрьелдэдэг.

Дэлхэйн тэнхэлигэнь Наран-Дэлхэйе дайраһан хабтагайтай харисуулхада 23,5 градусаар хазайһан байха ба энэнь Дэлхэй дээрэхи үбэл зунай уларил һолигдохо шалтагаан болоно.

== Ниигэмэй газарзүй ==
{{main|Ниигэмэй газарзүй}}
Дэлхэйн [[хүн зон]]иинь [[2006]] [[он]]ой [[2 һара|2 һарын]] байдалаар 6,600,000,000 байгаа&lt;ref&gt;Currently it is closer to 6.6 billion than 6.5 billion. It will reach 6.6 billion in June 2007.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;LiveScience&quot;&gt;
{{cite news
  | first= Leonard
  | last= David
  | url= http://www.livescience.com/othernews/060224_world_population.html
  | title= Planet's Population Hit 6.5 Billion Saturday
  | work= Live Science
  | date= [[2006-02-24]]
  | accessdate= 2006-04-02
}}
&lt;/ref&gt; болоод [[2013]] ондо 7 тэрбум, [[2050]] ондо 9.2 тэрбум хүрнэ гэһэн тоосоо байдаг&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
  | а.н.thor=Staff
  | url = http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2006/wpp2006.htm
  | title = World Population Prospects: The 2006 Revision
  | publisher = United Nations
  | accessdate = 2007-03-07 }}&lt;/ref&gt;. Хүн зоной үсэлтэ ехэнхидээ хүгжэжэ бай гүрэнүүдтэ болоно. Дэлхэйн ниитэ гадаргуугай 1/8 хубинь хүнэй амидархада таарамжатай гэжэ тоосогдодог (2/3 хэһэгынь [[далай]], үлэһэн газарай тэн хахадынь [[сүл]] газар (14 %)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal
  | а.н.thor=Peel, M. C.; Finlayson, B. L.; McMahon, T. A.
  | title=Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification
  | journal=Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions
  | year=2007
  | volume=4
  | pages=439-473
  | url=http://overview.sref.org/1812-2116/hessd/2007-4-439
  | accessdate=2007-03-31 }}&lt;/ref&gt;, өндөр уулс (27 %) зэргэ)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
  | а.н.thor = Staff
  | url = http://www.biodiv.org/programmes/defа.н.lt.shtml
  | title = Themes &amp; Issues
  | publisher = Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity
  | accessdate = 2007-03-29
  }}{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;.

2007 оной байдалаар тусгаар статустай 201 бэеэ даанхай [[улас|орон]], [[НҮБ]]-ын гишүүн 192 [[улас]] байна.

== Мүн үзэхэ ==
* [[Наранай аймаг]]

== Зүүлтэ ==
{{Зүүлтэ}}

== Гадаада холбооһон ==
* [http://www.wikimapia.org/ WikiSatellite view of Earth at WikiMapia]
* [http://geomag.usgs.gov USGS Geomagnetism Program]
* [http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/BlueMarble NASA Earth Observatory]
* [http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Earth Earth Profile] by [http://solarsystem.nasa.gov NASA’s Solar System Exploration]
* [http://www.co-intelligence.org/newsletter/comparisons.html The size of Earth compared with other planets/stars]
* [http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/earthandsun/earthshape.html Climate changes cа.н.ses the earth’s shape to change — Nasa] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090122063915/http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/earthandsun/earthshape.html |date=2009-01-22 }}
* [http://www.funonthenet.in/content/view/282/31/ Beа.н.tiful Views of Planet Earth] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071116132744/http://www.funonthenet.in/content/view/282/31/ |date=2007-11-16 }} Pictures of Earth from space
* [http://www.flashearth.com/ Flash Earth] A Flash-based viewer for satellite and aerial imagery of the Earth
* [http://www.projectshum.org/Planets/earth.html Projectshum.org’s Earth fact file] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130218015318/http://www.projectshum.org/Planets/earth.html |date=2013-02-18 }} (for younger folk)
* [http://www.geody.com/?world=terra Geody Earth] World’s search engine that supports Google Earth, NASA World Wind, Celestia, GPS, and other applications.
* [http://reference.aol.com/earth Planet Earth] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080724111431/http://reference.aol.com/earth/earth-from-space |date=2008-07-24 }} From AOL Research &amp; Learn: Photos, quizzes and info about Earth’s climate, creatures and science.
* [http://reference.aol.com/earth/earth-from-space Earth From Space] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080724111431/http://reference.aol.com/earth/earth-from-space |date=2008-07-24 }} Some Photos From the Exhibit

{{1000 үгүүлэл}}
{{Наранай аймаг}}

[[Категори:Шэнжэлхэ ухаан]]
[[Категори:Гарагууд]]
[[Категори:Одон орон шудалал]]
[[Категори:Наранай аймаг]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Эмшэн</title>
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      <text bytes="661" sha1="i476a9nkokgc79xz7jc121aiukyr0ez" xml:space="preserve">{{Хадмал
|монгол_бэшэг =[[Файл:Emchi.PNG]]
|кирилл_буряад =эмшэн
|кирилл_монгол =эмч
|кирилл_хальмаг =эмч
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[[Файл:Medical examination in Brazil.jpg|мини|Эмшэн]]
'''Эмшэн''' гэдэг тусгай мэргэжэлэй һургуули болохо [[анагааха ухаан]]ай [[дээдэ һургуули]]да 6-20 жэл һуралсаһан, эмнэхэ эрхэтэй хүн, мүн тухайн мэргэжэлые хэлэнэ.

==Гаданай холбооһо==
{{Commonscat|Physicians|Эмшэнэр}}

[[Категори:Анагааха ухаан]]</text>
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    <title>Наполеон Бонапарт</title>
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      <text bytes="15029" sha1="4kad8t4r8hap16js97tywn0teth8thj" xml:space="preserve">{{Хаан
|name=I Наполеон
|title=Франциин эзэн хаан; Италиин хаан,&lt;br /&gt;Швейцариин холбооной зуушлагша,&lt;br /&gt;Райнай холбооной хамгаалагша
|image=[[Файл:Jacques-Louis David - The Emperor Napoleon in His Study at the Tuileries - Google Art Project.jpg|200px]]
|caption=Эзэн хаан Наполеон Түйлерт судалгаа хийж байхдаа, Жак-Луй Давид, 1812
|reign=1804 оной 3-р һарын 20–1814 оной 4-р һарын 6&lt;br /&gt;1815 оной 3-р һарын 1–1815 оной 6-р һарын 22
|coronation=1804 оной 12-р һарын 2
|full name=Наполеон Бонапарт
| native_lang1         = [[Франци хэлэн]]
| native_lang1_name1   = Napoleon Bonaparte
|predecessor=Францын консул ([[Францын анхдугаар бүгд найрамдах улс]]ын гүйцэтгэх засаглал; Наполеон анхных нь консул байлаа) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt; Өмнөх хаан: Францын хаан [[Францын XVI Луй|XVI Луй]] (1793 онд нас барсан)&lt;/small&gt;
|successor=[[Францын XVIII Луй|XVIII Луй]] (''де-факто'')&lt;br /&gt;[[II Наполеон]] (''де-юре'')
|consort=[[Жозефин дө Бохарнэ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Австрийн Мари Луйз]]
|issue=[[II Наполеон]]
|royal house=Бонапарт
|royal anthem =
|father=Карло Буонапарте
|mother=Летициа Рамолино
|place of birth=[[Франци]]ин [[Корсико арал]]ай Ажаччио
|place of death=[[Гэгээн Елена арал]]ай Лонгвуд
|place of burial=Парисын Лөзанвалиде}}

Хожом Эзэн хаан '''Нэгэдүгээр Наполеон''' гэгдэхэ болоһон '''Наполеон Бонапарт''' ({{lang-fr|Napoléon Bonaparte}}; 1769 оной 8-р һарын 15 — 1821 оной 5-р һарын 5) [[Европ]]ын түүхэндэ хамагай ехэ нүлөөлһэн, [[Франци]]ин сэрэг, улас түрын зүтгэлтэн юм.

[[Корсика]]да түрэжэ, эхэ газарай Францида ехэ буунай офицер болон бэлтгэгдэһэн Наполеон [[Франциин анхадугаар бүгэдэ найрамдаха улас]]ай үедэ алдар хүндэ оложо абаһан ба Франциин эсэрэг [[Анхадугаар эбсэл|Анхадугаар]] [[Хоёрдугаар эбсэл]]эй эсэргэ дайнай ажалалгаае амжалтатай ударидаһан. 1799 ондо Бонапарт түрын эрьелтэ зохёон байгуулжа, өөрыгөө анханай консулаар томилжо, табан жэлэй дараа өөрыгөө Франциин Эзэн хаанаар үргэмжэлһэн. XIX зуунай эхэнэй арбан жэлдэ тэрээр [[Франциин анхадугаар эзэнтэ улас]]ай армиие Европын томохон гүрэнүүдэй эсэргэ хүдэлгэжэ, [[Аустерлицай тулалдаан]] [[Вагнерай тулалдаан]] зэргэ олон тулалдаанда дараалһан илалтууд байгуулжа Европын эхэ газарда ноёлобо. Тэрээр үргэн эбсэл байгуулжа, анда нүхэд, аха дүү нараа Европын бусад уласуудта эрхэ баригшаар томилхо замаар Франциин нүлөөлэлэй хүрөөе тогтоожоо.

1812 ондо Оросые дайлаһан Наполеоной хуби табиланда эрьелтэ гаргаба. Тэрэнэй Ехэ Арми ({{lang-fr|Grande Armée}}) дайнай ябасад һүйрэшэ, дахин хэзээшье бүрэн сэргээгүй юм. 1813 ондо [[Зургадугаар эбсэл]] Наполеоной сэрэгые [[Лайпцигай тулалдаан|Лайпцигда]] бутсохижо, дараа жэл Эбсэл Франци руу добтолжо, Наполеониие хаан шэрээнээһээ буухад хүрэгэһэн болоод түүниие Эльба аралда сүлэгдэһэн. Нэгэ жэл хүрэхэгүй хугасаанай дараа Наполеон Эльбаһаа оргожо, эргэжэ эрхэ мэдэлээ оложо абаһан болобошье 1815 оной 6-р һарада [[Долоодугаар эбсэл]] эхилжэ Англи Пруссын хамтарһан сэрэгые тосожо [[Ватерлоогой тулалдаан]]да илагдажа бэлэй. Наполеон амидаралынхаа һүүлын зургаан жэлые Гэгээн Еленагай арал дээрэ Британиин хяналта доро үнгэрөөжэ, тэндээ наһэ нүгэсэжээ. Задлан шэнжэлгээгээр түүниие ходоодоной хорто хабдараар үнгэрһэн гэжэ дүгнэһэн болобошье Стен Форсхуфвуд болон бусад эрдэмтэд түүниие хүнслээр хордуулжа алһан гэжэ үзэдэг.

Наполеон шэнэшлэн байгуулһан Франциин армяар томохон илалтанууд байгуулжа, инза бүрын эхэ һурбалжаһаа тактикаа болобоһруулдаг бэлэй. Тэрэнэй сэрэгэй ажалалгаае дэлхэй даяар сэрэгэй академинуудта һудалдаг болоод түүхэндэ тодорһон хамагай агуу ехэ занжануудай нэгэ гэжэ тоосогдодог. Үрһэлдэгшэ, дайһануудта дарангуйлагша гэжэ үзэгдэдэг байһан болобошье Наполеон [[Баруун Европо|Баруун Европын]] ехэнхэ улас ороной гү, али Рома-Германай захиргаа-эрхэзүйн тогтолсоое болобоһоронгуй болгоһон, шүүхэ засаглалай үндэһэ болоһон [[Наполеоной кодекс]] гү, али Франциин анханай эрхэтэнэй хуулиие болобоһоруулһан гаргаһанаараа дурсагдадаг болоод одоо хүрэтэр хуулинуудай үзэл һанаа амида, хүсэн түгэлдэр мүрдэгдэжэ байдаг юм.

== Тобшо намтар ==

=== Үүдэлгэ, гаралга болобсорол ===
[[Файл:Napoleon16Jahre.jpg|thumb|left|150px|16 наһатай Наполеон]]
Наполеон Бонопарт 1769 оной 8 һарын 15-нда [[Корсика]] аралай Ажаччино хотодо Италиин сагааша [[Карла Бунопарте]]гай хоёрдугаар хүбүүн боложо мэндэлээ. Тэрэ Францида ехэ буунай офицер болон ерэхэдээ нэрэеэ үлүү француулжа Наполеон Бонапарт болгобо. Тэрэнэй аба 16 зуунай үедэ Корсикада ерэһэн сагааша уласай хүбүүн байгаа. Наполеоной эжи Летициа Рамолинонь хүүгэдүүдээ хатуу шанга гараар хүмүүжүүлжэ байнгын сахилга бататай байхые шаардажа байба. Иимэ хүмүүжлээр хүмүүжэһэн Наполеон сэрэг болохо үлүү амар дүхэм болобо. Тэрэ дээрээ 1 ахатай [[Жосеф]] 6 дүүтэй [[Люсьен]], [[Элиза]], [[Луи]], [[Паулина]], [[Каролина]], [[Жером]]. 1781 ондо [[Аутун]]ай шажанай һургуулида элһэн орожо франци хэлэниие һуража түгэсһэн. Тэрэнэй багша дурсахадаа Наполеон ехэ зожиг ехэ аялагатай яридаг үүныгээ нээхэ хайхардаггүй хүүгэд, гэхыдээ [[газар зүй]], [[түүхэ]] хоёрто дуратай [[тооной ухаан]], [[геометри]] хоёрто абьяастай хүбүүн байба. Түүниие тэрэнэй багшань гахайлтай һайн уһан сэрэг болоно гэжээ. Гэбэшье Британиин флот дэлхэйдэ ноёрхожо эхилһэнээр тэрээр уһан сэрэг болохоһоо татгалзажа, Парис ябажа ехэ буунай ангида һуралсан түгэсбэ.

=== Сэрэгэй мэргэжэл ===
26 наһандаа генерал болоһон тэрэ [[Итали]]да [[Сардини]] болон [[Австриин эзэнтэ гүрэн]] урдаһаа сэрэгэй кампани (1796-97) ударидаба. Энэ сэрэгэй компаниин дүн — Хойто Италида Франциһаа хинаһан Цизальпин Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Уласай байгуулга. 1798 онда Наполеон Египетда ябалганиие ударидаба. Энэ кампани хоёр зорилготой байгаа: франциин далайн саанахи эзэлүүрии үргэдхэлгэ болон Британиһаа Энэдхэг рүү худалдаа наймаанай харгые шалгажа абалга. &lt;!--
Нельсон сорвал этот план, разгромив франц. флот в битве на Ниле (Абукир) в 1798 г. Бонапарт возвратился во Францию (1799) и примкнул к заговору, в рез-те к-рого была свергнута Директория и распущена Первая республика. Избранный первым консулом на 10 лет, он стал верховным правителем Франции. Послед, четыре года посвятил реорг-ции франц. правовой системы (Наполеона кодекс), адм. управления, церкви и образования. После подписания Люневильского мирного договора (1801) с Австрией и Амьенского (1802) — с Великобританией Франция превратилась в доминирующую силу на Европейском континенте. В 1803 г. Великобритания вновь объявила войну Франции, и Н. начал готовиться к высадке на Британские о-ва. Жестокая казнь (1804) герцога Энгиенского по подозрению в заговоре вызвала осуждение всей Европы. В том же году Н. провозгласил себя императором Франции, создал имп. двор и окружил себя аристократией, ограничив действие либеральных статей прежней рев. конституции. В 1804-05 гг. сформировалась антинаполеоновская коалиция европ. гос-в, и он бросил против нее свои во-оруж. силы. Нанеся поражение австрийцам при Ульме, занял Вену и одержал свою самую блестящую победу над объединенными австр. и рус. войсками при Аус-терлице (1805). Победа Нельсона в мор. сражении у Трафальгара (1805) заставила Н. попытаться победить Великобританию, введя континентальную бло-каду с целью прекратить любую торговлю с Францией и ее союзницами на Европейском континенте. В 1806 г. «Священная Римская империя» была ликвидирована, и Н. упрочил свое господствующее положение в Европе. Трудности, вызванные континентальной блокадой, закончившееся катастрофой вторжение в Россию (1812) и неудачи в Пиренейской войне (1807-14) способствовали закату империи Н. После поражения в Лейпцигском сражении и вступления войск анти-франц. коалиции в Париж, он отрекся от престола (1814). После недолгого пребывания в ссылке на Эльбе Н. возвратился во Францию, однако поражение при Ватерлоо (1815) положило конец его второму правлению, продлившемуся всего лишь «Сто дней». Остаток жизни он провел в ссылке на о. Св. Елены. В 1796 г. Н. женился на Жозефине де Богарнэ, к-рая не смогла подарить ему наследника, и брак кончился разводом. В 1810 г. взял в жены австр. принцессу Марию-Луизу. Их единств, ребенок Жозеф-Франсуа-Шарль, коронованный королем Римским, умер в возрасте 21 года.
--&gt;

== Зүүлтэ ==
{{зүүлтэ}}

{{1000 үгүүлэл}}

== Холбооһон ==
* [[J. G. Lockhart]]{{gutenberg|no=17579|name=The History of Napoleon Buonaparte}}
* [[John Holland Rose]]{{gutenberg|no=14300|name=The Life of Napoleon I}}
* [[William Milligan Sloane]]{{gutenberg|no=24360|name=The Life of Napoleon I.}} Vol. 1/4
* William Milligan Sloane{{gutenberg|no=27289|name=The Life of Napoleon I.}} Vol. 3/4
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080718190925/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/bonaparte_napoleon.shtml BBC profile]
* [http://www.pbs.org/empires/napoleon/home.html Biography] by the US [[Public Broadcasting Service]]
* [http://napoleon.thepodcastnetwork.com/ Napoleon 101], podcast by [[J. David Markham]]
* [http://www.napoleon-series.org/ Napoleon Series]
* [http://www.napoleonicsociety.com/ International Napoleonic Society]
* {{Find A Grave|id=1350}}
* [http://www.chesshistory.com/winter/extra/napoleon.html Napoleon Bonaparte and Chess] [[Edward Winter (chess historian)|Edward Winter]]

[[Категори:Франциин түүхэ]]</text>
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    <title>Мүнгэн (металл)</title>
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      <text bytes="13080" sha1="f0185x2iz0cxbdlrc9r1glepop8vjc9" xml:space="preserve">{{Химиин элемент
|Нэрэ = Мүнгэн (Ag)
|Атомай дугаар = 47
|Атомай масса = 107.8682 
|Үнгэ = Гилагар сагаан (мүнгэлиг) 
|Электроной бүридэл = &amp;#91;[[криптон|Kr]]&amp;#93; 4d&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt; 5s&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; 
|Электроной тоо = 2, 8, 18, 18, 1
|Түлэб = [[Хатуу бодос|Хатуу]]
|Нягта = 10.49
|Хайлаха Т = (961.78 °C, 1763.2  °F), 1234.93 
|Бусалха Т = (2162 °C, 3924 °F), 2435
|Хайлалтын дулаан = 11.28   
|Ууралталгын дулаан = 250.58
|Дулаан багтаамжа = (25 °C) 25.350 
|Сингони = Таладаа түбтэй куб
|Эһэлдэлтэ = 1, 2, 3
|Ионизациин энерги = 731.0
|Атомай радиус = 160
|Ковалентай радиус = 153
}}

{| style=&quot;text-align: left; background-color: pink; width: 100px; height: 100px;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;4&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
| style=&quot;width: 50%; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot; | &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;Ag&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
| style=&quot;width: 50%; text-align: right; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot; | &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;47&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|- style=&quot;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | '''107,8682'''
|- style=&quot;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | '''[Kr]4d&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;5s&lt;sup&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;1&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;'''
|- style=&quot;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | &lt;big&gt;'''Мүнгэн'''&lt;/big&gt;
|}

{{Хадамал
|монгол_бэшэг = [[Файл:Мөнгө.png|35px]]
|кирилл_буряад = Мүнгэн
|кирилл_монгол = Мөнгө
|кирилл_хальмаг = Мөңгн
}}

'''Мүнгэн''' ({{lang-la|Argentum}} үгэһээ ''''Ag'''' гэжэ тэмдэглэгдэдэг) — гилагар сагаан [[үнэтэ металл]] юм. [[Атомай дугаар]] 47. Байгаалиин мүнгэн [[алтан]] болон [[металл|бусад металлуудай]] шудхамал буюу минераллуудта (жэшээнь аргентит ба хлораргирит) оршодог. 

== Түүхэ ==
Хүн түрэлхитэн эртын үеһээ мүнгые хэрэглэнэ. Мүнгэн гоёл шэмэглэлдэ, амһарта, аяга шанага, худалдаанай хубида мянга мянган жэлэй турша ашаглажа, мүнгэн олон системуудай хубида һуури бологон байна. Мүнгэнэй үнэтэ металлай шанарууд уртань зүбхэн алтанай хоёрдахи абажа үзэһэн юм.
[[Ассири]] болон [[Вавилон|Вавилонда]] мүнгэн гэжэ арюун нангин металл мүн [[һара|һарын]] бэлиг тэмдэг боложо байһан юм. [[Дундада зуун]]ай үедэ, мүнгэн, алхимикууд хороондо олондо алдаршаһан байба.
[[Дэлхэйн хоёрдугаар дайн|Дэлхэйн II дайнай]] үедэ [[зэд]]эй, [[сагаан туулган]]ай богони ниилүүлэлтэ ушарһаа олон үйлэдбэрилэлэй хэрэглээндэ мүнгые һолихо хүргэһэн. [[АНУ]]-ай засаглал [[Уэст Поинт]]да байһан өөрын ехэ нөөсэһээ үйлэдбэрилэлэй хэрэглэгшэдта мүнгые гаража зээлһэн.&lt;ref name=&quot;worldwar2&quot;&gt;{{cite web
| title      = Coinflation: 1942–1945 Silver Jefferson Nickel Value
| url        = http://www.coinflation.com/coins/1942-1945-Silver-War-Nickel-Value.html
| accessdate = 11 March 2013
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Бодос зүйн шанар ==
[[Файл:SilverUSGOV.jpg|мини|left|Мүнгэнэй сула]]
Энэ зөөлэн, ялагар сагаан,  дабтагдасатай металл металлуудай дунда хамагай ехэ [[сахилгаанай дамжуулха шадбар]]тай (20 °C температурада 1,59·10−8 Ом·м [[сахилгаанай эсэргүүсэл|хубита сахилгаанай эсэргүүсэлтэй]]) болон хамагай ехэ [[дулаан дамжуулха шадбар]]тай (300 K температурада 429 Вт/(м·К)). Нэбтэ гэрэлдэ нимгэн мүнгэнэй ялтас нил ягаан үнгэтэй байна. Нилээд хайласагүй металл, 962 ° C хайлаха температуратай. 

== Химиин шанарууд ==
Мүнгэн гэдэг үнэтэ металл, тиихэдэнь нилээд набтар нүлөөлэлсэлгын шадабаритай, [[дабһанай хүшэл|дабһанай]] ба уһа холиһон [[хүхэрэй хүшэл|хүхэрэй]] хүшэлнуудта хайланагүй. Гэбэшье мүнгэн [[эһэл]]эй оршондо ([[азотой хүшэл|азотой]], халуун сугларуулагдаһан хүхэрэй хүшэлдэ, мүн сүлөөтэ [[хүшэлтүрэгшэ]]тэй дабһанай хүшэлдэ) хайладаг:

:&lt;math&gt;\mathsf{Ag + 2HNO_{3(conc)} = AgNO_{3} + NO_{2} {\uparrow} + H_{2}O}&lt;/math&gt;

[[Түмэрэй (III) хлорид]]та хайладаг:

:&lt;math&gt;\mathsf{Ag + FeCl_{3} = AgCl + FeCl_{2}}&lt;/math&gt;

Мүнгэн [[мүнгэнэй уһан|мүнгэнэй уһанда]] хүгэнөөр хайлаад, [[амальгама|амальгамые]] (мүнгэнэй уһан болон мүнгэнэй шэнгэн шудхамал) байгуулдаг.

Мүнгэн [[хүшэлтүрэгшэ]]һээ эһэнэгүй. Нойтон агаарда [[мүнгэнэй сульфид|мүнгэнэй сульфидые]] байгуулна:

:&lt;math&gt;\mathsf{4Ag + 2H_{2}S + O_{2} = 2Ag_{2}S + 2H_{2}O}&lt;/math&gt;

Хүшэлтүрэгшэ үгы байгаад:

:&lt;math&gt;\mathsf{2Ag + H_{2}S = Ag_{2}S + H_{2} {\uparrow}}&lt;/math&gt;

Сүлөөтэ галогенууд мүнгые эһэгдэнэ:

:&lt;math&gt;\mathsf{2Ag + I_{2} = 2AgI}&lt;/math&gt;

Хүхэрые болон мүнгые хамтараа халаад сульфид байгуулна.

:&lt;math&gt;\mathsf{2Ag + S = Ag_{2}S}&lt;/math&gt;.

Мүнгэн [[Хаанай уһан|хаанай уһада]] (Aqua regis) хайланагүй.

Мүнгэнэй хамагай тогтууритай эһэлдэлтын зэрэг +1 юм. [[Аммиак]] байхада мүнгэн (I) уһада хайладаг [Ag(NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; байгуулна. Мүн мүнгэн [[Цианид|цианидууд]], [[натриин тиосульфат|тиосульфатууд]] хамтар һуурие байгуулна. Мүнгэнэй үндэр эһэлдэлтын зэрэгууд (+2, +3) ганса [[хүшэлтүрэгшэ|хүшэлтүрэгшын]] нэгэдэл (AgO, Ag&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) болон [[фтор]]ой нэгэдэл (AgF&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, AgF&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) байгуулна.

Нитрат, перхлорат, фторидһаа ондоо мүнгэнэй (I) дабһанууд уһада хайладаггүй.

== Гарадаг газарууд ==
Мүнгэнэй ехэ гарадаг газарууд удаахи улас орондо байна:

[[Германи]], [[Испани]], [[Перу]], [[Чили]], [[Мексик]]а, [[БНХАУ]], [[Канада]], [[АНУ]], [[Австрали]], [[Польш]], [[ОХУ]], [[Казахстан]], [[Румын]], [[Швед]], [[Чехи]], [[Словаки]], [[Австри]], [[Унгар]], [[Норвеги]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Про серебро &quot; месторождения&lt;!-- Заголовок добавлен ботом --&gt; |url=http://www.proserebro.com/ag/mestorozhdeniya |accessdate=2014-01-27 |archivedate=2010-09-07 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100907062259/http://www.proserebro.com/ag/mestorozhdeniya }}&lt;/ref&gt;.
Мүн [[Армени|Арменида]], [[Кипр (арал)|Кипр]] аралда болон [[Сардини|Сардинида]] мүнгэтэй газарууд байна&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Про серебро &quot; История серебра&lt;!-- Заголовок добавлен ботом --&gt; |url=http://www.proserebro.com/istoriya-serebra |accessdate=2014-01-27 |archivedate=2010-02-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100213082809/http://www.proserebro.com/istoriya-serebra }}&lt;/ref&gt;.

[[2008 он]]до&lt;ref name=&quot;Sum2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=MINERAL COMMODITY SUMMARIES 2009 |url=http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/mcs/2009/mcs2009.pdf |accessdate=2014-01-27 |archivedate=2011-08-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110806161651/http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/mcs/2009/mcs2009.pdf }}&lt;/ref&gt; хамтар мүнгэнэй 20 900 тонно малтажа абаһан. Малтажа абалгын ударидагшууд:
* {{flagicon|Peru}} [[Перу]] (3600 т) 
* {{flagicon|Mexico}} [[Мексик]]а (3000 т) 
* {{flagicon|PRC}} [[БНХАУ]] (2600 т)
* {{flagicon|Chile}} [[Чили]] (2000 т) 
* {{flagicon|Australia}} [[Австрали]] (1800 т)
* {{flagicon|Poland}} [[Польша]] (1300 т)
* {{flagicon|United States}} [[АНУ]] (1120 т)
* {{flagicon|Canada}} [[Канада]] (800 т)

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ 6 хамагай ехэ мүнгэнэй шахтанууд&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=CPM Group|title=The CPM Silver Yearbook 2011|year=2011|publisher=Euromoney Books|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-0-9826741-4-7|pages=68}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! Шахта !! Орон !! 2010 ондо бүтээгдэхүүн
|-
| Cannington Mine|Cannington Silver/Lead/Zinc Mine || Австрали || 38.6 Moz
|-
| Fresnillo Silver Mine || Мексика || 38.6 Moz
|-
| San Cristobal Polymetallic Mine || Боливи || 19.4 Moz
|-
| Antamina Copper/Zinc Mine || Перу || 14.9 Moz
|-
| Rudna Copper Mine || Польш || 14.9 Moz
|-
| Peñasquito Polymetallic Mine || Мексика || 13.9 Moz
|}
== Зүүлтэ ==
{{зүүлтэ}}

== Мүн үзэхэ ==
* [[Алтан]]
* [[Үнэтэ металл]]
* [[Сагаан туулган]]

== Холбооһон ==
{{Commonscat|Silver|Мүнгэн}}
* [http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/Ag/key.html Серебро на Webelements] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522153419/http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/Ag/key.html |date=2024-05-22 }}
* [http://n-t.ru/ri/ps/pb047.htm Серебро в Популярной библиотеке химических элементов] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140118223746/http://n-t.ru/ri/ps/pb047.htm |date=2014-01-18 }}
* [http://www.krugosvet.ru/articles/120/1012003/1012003a1.htm  Энциклопедия Кругосвет] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090221013959/http://www.krugosvet.ru/articles/120/1012003/1012003a1.htm |date=2009-02-21 }} {{недоступная ссылка|число=21|месяц=05|год=2013|url=http://www.krugosvet.ru/articles/120/1012003/1012003a1.htm|id=20070417}}
* [http://twt.mpei.ac.ru/MAS/Worksheets/ChemTD/Ag.mcd Термодинамические свойства серебра (Mathcad Calculation Server)]{{Dead link|date=June 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090630003520/http://www.fda.gov/AnimalVeterinary/NewsEvents/CVMUpdates/ucm127976.htm Colloidal silver not approved (''Коллоидное серебро не одобрено'')]{{ref-en}}
* Учебник «Неорганическая химия» под редакцией Ю. Д. Третьякова
* [http://vtorserebro.narod.ru/ Вторичное серебро] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111014606/http://vtorserebro.narod.ru/ |date=2012-11-11 }}
* {{ХЭ|2/4022|Серебро}}
* [http://www.xumuk.ru/toxicchem/142.html Соединения серебра (токсикологическая химия)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215002402/http://www.xumuk.ru/toxicchem/142.html |date=2013-12-15 }}
* [http://www.xumuk.ru/bse/2455.html Серебро в Большой советской энциклопедии] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227004737/http://www.xumuk.ru/bse/2455.html |date=2014-02-27 }}
* [http://www.xumuk.ru/spravochnik/257.html Физико-химические свойства серебра (справочник)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120528153607/http://www.xumuk.ru/spravochnik/257.html |date=2012-05-28 }}
* [http://twt.mpei.ac.ru/MCS/Worksheets/Chem/ChemTherm/Ag.xmcd Термодинамические свойства серебра (on-line расчет)]{{Dead link|date=June 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

{{Үелхэ системэ}}
{{1000 үгүүлэл}}

[[Категори:Химиин элемент]]
[[Категори:Металл]]</text>
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    <title>Ехэ нуурнууд</title>
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      <text bytes="22569" sha1="m5sehrufpfrou95bukourx39n1mes1h" xml:space="preserve">[[Файл:Great Lakes from space crop labeled.jpg|thumb|right|300px| Ехэ нуурнууд, [[хэмэл дахуул]]һаа харагдаһан ([[2000 он]]ой [[4 һарын 24]])]]
'''Ехэ нуурнууд''' ({{lang-en|Great Lakes}}, {{lang-fr|Grands Lacs}}) — [[Хойто Америкэ]] тибиин зүүн хойто хэһэгтэ оршохо сэбэр уһатай нуурнуудай бүридэл, [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас]] болон [[Канада|Канадын]] хилые дамнажа оршодог. '''Дээдэ''', '''Мичиган''', '''Хурон''', '''Эри''', '''Онтарио''' нуурнуудһаа бүридэдэг болоод ниитэ талмайн хэмжээгээрээ дэлхэйдэ нэгэдэ ородог. Зүгөөр лэ дараагаариинь [[Байгал нуур]] ородог. Ниитэ гадаргын хэмжээнь 244 106 км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; харин ниитэ эзлэхүүниинь 22 671 шоо км. Мүн Дэлхэйн ниитэ сэбэр уһанай 21%-ые агуулдаг.

== Нуурнууд ==
=== Дээдэ ===
{{Сүнхэрэг
 |lake_name = Дээдэ нуур
 |image = [[File:SawtoothMtnsMN2.JPG|250px]]
 |caption = Дээдэ нуур
 |image_lake = Lake-Superior.svg
 |caption_lake =
 |countries = [[АНУ]], [[Канада]]
 |catchment = 127 700&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EPAphysical&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/physfacts.html |title=Great Lakes: Basic Information: Physical Facts |accessdate=19:05, Wednesday November 9, 2011 (UTC) |last= |first= |coauthors= |date=May 25, 2011 |work= |publisher=U.S. Government |quote= |archivedate=May 29, 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120529233616/http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/physfacts.html }}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |area = 82 100&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EPAphysical&quot;/&gt;
 |depth = 147 м&lt;ref name=&quot;EPAphysical&quot;/&gt;
 |max-depth = 406 м&lt;ref name=&quot;EPAphysical&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=nyt&gt;{{cite book|first=John W. (ed.)|last=Wright|coauthors=Editors and reporters of ''The New York Times''|year=2006|title=The New York Times Almanac|url=https://archive.org/details/newyorktimes200700newy|edition=2007|publisher=Penguin Books |location = New York, New York|isbn=0-14-303820-6|pages=[https://archive.org/details/newyorktimes200700newy/page/70 64]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |volume = 12 000 км³&lt;ref name=&quot;EPAphysical&quot;/&gt;
 |elevation = 183 м (2012 дундажа)&lt;ref&gt;[http://w3.lre.usace.army.mil/hh/GreatLakesWaterLevels/GLWL-CurrentMonth-Feet.pdf ''Great Lakes Water Levels] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130418004734/http://w3.lre.usace.army.mil/hh/GreatLakesWaterLevels/GLWL-CurrentMonth-Feet.pdf |date=2013-04-18 }}, published by the US Army Corps of Engineers.  The link also has daily elevations for the current month.&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
[[Файл:Great Lakes Lake Superior.png|мини|слева|Дээдэ нуур]]
''Дээдэ нуур'' ({{lang-en|Lake Superior}}, [[оджибве хэлэн|оджибве]] ''Gichigami'' — ''ехэ уһан'') — Ехэ нуурнууд дундада хамагай хойто болон үндэр нуур. Ехэ нуурнуудэй системын дундада энэ нуур хамагай томо болон хамагай гүнзэгы болон дэлхэйдэ хамагай томо талмайтай [[сэбэр уһан|сэбэр уһатай]] нуур (82,7 тысяч км²) юм&lt;ref name=&quot;geo&quot;&gt;{{геословарь|http://slovari.yandex.ru/dict/geography/article/geo/geo1/geo-0896.htm|title=Верхнее озеро}}&lt;/ref&gt; — эдэ нуурай орходоо гансахан [[Каспиин тэнгис]] (заримдаа нуур үзэһэн) үлэмжэ томо талмайтай нуур юм. Эдэ нуур [[АНУ]] ба [[Канада|Канадын]] хилэдэ оршодог — эдэ нуурай хойто зүгтэ Канадын [[Онтарио можо]] оршодог, баруун зүгтэ болон урда зүгтэ — Америкын [[Миннесота можо]], [[Висконсин можо]] тиигэд [[Мичиган можо]]. Дээдэ нуур [[тэнгис уһанай нюруу]]һаа 183 метрын үндэрдэ мүльһэтэ үедэ байгуулһан [[хонхор]]до байруулагдаһан юм. Эгээн гүн гүнзэгынь — 406 метрууд, уһанай багтаса — 11,6 мянган км³. Нуурай талмай хамтар тоосоогдоһон һуба газарай талмай 207,2 мянган км² зохёоно. Томо шудхан үгы байна. Эрьеын шугам отологдоһон, томо [[булан]]тай — Кивино, Уайтфиш. Хамагай томо аралууд: [[Айл-Ройал]], [[Сент-Игнас]], [[Мишипикотен]] тиигэд [[Апостл аралууд]]. Хойто зүгтэ үндэр эрьетэй (400 м) тиигэд байсатай, хабсагай эрьетэй; урда зүгтэ — доро элһэтэй эрьетэй&lt;ref name=&quot;geo&quot;/&gt;. [[Сент-Мэрис гол|Сент-Мэрис]] голоор [[Хурон]] нуурда уһанай гоожолго 112 километр утатай. Нуурай уһан хүйтэн, сэбэр ба һэригэр байна. Нуурай түб хэһэгэй температура [[зун]]даашье 4&amp;nbsp;°C үлүүлдэггүй, үбэлдөө [[һалхи шуурган]]һаа боломжо хүрэдэггүй. Эрьеын зоно [[12 һара|12 һарын]] эхинһээ [[4 һара|4 һарын]] эсэс хүрэтэр хүрэдэг&lt;ref name=&quot;BSE-Superior&quot;&gt;{{из БСЭ|http://slovari.yandex.ru/dict/bse/article/00012/96400.htm|title=Верхнее озеро}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Нуур загаһан баянтай: [[һэлбэрүүһэн|һэлбэрүүһэтэй]], [[зэбгэн|зэбгэтэй]], [[хилмэ]]тэй; бусад [[зүйл]]тэй, тиигэд Дээдэ нуур ажахын ябуулгада оногосын тамаралга ба [[уһанай сахилгаан]] тулада хэрэглэһэн юм. Дээдэ нуур уһан замай шухала хуби. Шухала портууд: [[Дулут]], [[Супериор (Висконсин)|Супериор]], [[Ашленд]] (АНУ), [[Тандер-Бей (Онтарио)|Тандер-Бей]] (Канада)&lt;ref name=&quot;BSE-Superior&quot;/&gt;.
=== Хурон ===
{{Сүнхэрэг
 |lake_name = Хурон нуур
 |image = [[File:Georgian Bay, Ontario, Canada.jpg|250px]]
 |caption = Хурон нуур, Георгиин булан
 |image_lake = 
 |caption_lake =
 |countries = [[АНУ]], [[Канада]]
 |catchment = 134 100&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
 |area = 59 600&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
 |depth = 59 м
 |max-depth = 229 м
 |volume = 3538 км³
 |elevation = 177 м 
}}
[[Файл:Great Lakes Lake Huron.png|мини|слева|Хурон нуур]]
''Хурон нуур'' ({{lang-en|Lake Huron}}) — Ехэ нуурнууд системын дундада хоёрдохи томо нуур болон дэлхэйдэ гурбадахи томо талмайтай [[сэбэр уһан|сэбэр уһатай]] нуур (60 мянган км² эзэлнэ). Оодон [[Макино хоолой|Макино]] хоолойгоор (үнгэрэнь 3 км оршом) [[Ехэ нуурнууд#Сент-Клэр|Сент-Клэр нууртай]] холбогдоно; [[Детройт гол|Детройт]] голоор (утань 51 км) [[Ехэ нуурнууд#Эри|Эри нууртай]] холбогдоно. [[Ехэ нуурнууд#Мичиган|Мичиган нуурай]] зүүн зүгтэ оршоно. Албан ёһоной [[гидрографи]]ин шэнжэлхэ ухаанай үзэл бодолһоо Мичиган Хурон хоёр нуурнууд нэгэмэл системые байгуулна ([[Макино хоолой|Макино]] хоолойгоор холбогдоһоншье, [[газар зүй]]н ёһо заншалаар тусгаар нуурнууд тоологдоһон юм). Хурон нуурай талмайнь — 59600 км² оршом&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/physfacts.html|title=Great Lakes: Basic Information: Physical Facts|accessdate=19:05, Wednesday November 9, 2011 (UTC)|last=|first=|coauthors=|date=May 25, 2011|work=|publisher=U.S. Government|quote=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120529233616/http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/physfacts.html|archivedate=May 29, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; (Ехэ нуурнууд системын дундада хоёрдохи томо нуур). Мичиган адли [[тэнгис уһанай нюруу]]һаа 176 метрын үндэрдэ оршодог, гүнзэгынь 229 метр юм. Эдэ нуурай эрьеын шугам [[Мичиган можо]] ([[АНУ]]) ба Канадын [[Онтарио можо]] хубаагдаһан. Хурон нуурда гол портууд — [[Сагино]], [[Бей-Сити]], [[Алпина]] (АНУ) ба [[Сарни (Канада)|Сарни]] (Канада). Хурон нуурда хамагай томо сэбэр уһанай нуур соо оршодог [[Манитулин]] арал ажа.

Францишуудһаа нэрэгдэһэн эдэ нуурай нэрэ [[Хурон яһатан|Хурон индианшууд]]ай яһатанай нэрэһээ гаралһан.

=== Мичиган ===
{{Сүнхэрэг
 |lake_name = Мичиган нуур
 |image = [[File:Lake Michigan shore, winter.JPG|250px]]
 |caption = Үбэлдөө Мичиган нуурай эрье
 |image_lake = 
 |caption_lake =
 |countries = [[АНУ]]
 |area = 57 750&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
 |depth = 85 м
 |max-depth = 281 м
 |volume = 4918 км³
 |elevation = 177 м 
}}
[[Файл:Great Lakes Lake Michigan.png|мини|слева|Мичиган нуур]]
''Мичиган нуур'' ({{lang-en|Lake Michigan}}) — [[дэлхэй]]дэ дүрбэдэхи томо талмайтай [[сэбэр уһан|сэбэр уһатай]] нуур — 58 мянган км². Онгосын ябадаг һубагаар [[Миссисипи мүрэн]]эй системэтэй холбогдодог. Ехэ нуурнуудай дундада хүсэдөөр [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас]]та оршодог ганса нуур байна. [[Ехэ нуурнууд#Дээдэ|Дээдэ нуурай]] урда зүгтэ оршодог, [[Ехэ нуурнууд#Хурон|Хурон нууртай]] [[Макино хоолой|Макино]] хоолойгоор холбогдодог, [[Чикаго — Локпорт һубаг]]аар [[Миссисипи мүрэн]]эй системэтэй холбогдодог. Мичигана нуурай талмай — 57 750 км² оршом (Ехэ нуурнуудай дундада гурбадахи томо талмайтай), утань 500 км оршом, үргэниинь 190 км оршом. [[Тэнгис уһанай нюруу]]һаа үргэниинь — 177 метр (Хурон нуур адли), гүнзэгынь 281 м болотор. Нуур 4 һара забһар оршом мүльһэнээр бүрхөөһэн. Аралууд — [[Бивер арал|Бивер]] (Beaver Island), [[Хойто Маниту]], [[Урда Маниту]]. Эдэ нуурай эрьеын шугам [[Мичиган можо]], [[Индиана можо]], [[Иллинойс можо]] ба [[Висконсин можо]] хубаагдаһан. Мичиган нуурай томо хото һууринуудта [[Чикаго]], [[Эванстон (Иллинойс)|Эванстон]] ба [[Хайланд-Парк]] (Иллинойс), [[Милуоки]] ба [[Грин-Бей]] (Висконсин), [[Гэри (Индиана)|Гэри]] ба [[Хэммонд]] (Индиана) оруулна.

Заримдаа Мичиган Хурон хоёр нуурнууд нэгэ нэгэдэмэл нуураар (Сент-Мэрис гол хамтараа) тоосоогдоһон байна. Энэ үзэл бодолой баригшад Мичиган Хурон хоёр нуурнууд гэжэ нэгэдэмэл гидрологиин юумэн: адли нюруутай, 40 м гүнзэгытэй 8 км үргэтэй хоолойгоор ниилэлгэтэй. Тиихэдэнь Мичиган-Хурон нуурай талмайнь 117 мянган км² үлүү байхад, дэлхэйдэ хамагай томо талмайтай забаан уһатай нюруу болон [[Каспиин тэнгис]] удаахи хоёрдохи томо нуур болоно.
=== Эри ===
{{Сүнхэрэг
 |lake_name = Эри нуур
 |image = [[File:Frozen Lake Erie.jpg|250px]]
 |caption = Үбэлдөө хүрэһэн Эри нуур
 |image_lake = 
 |caption_lake =
 |countries = [[АНУ]], [[Канада]]
 |area = 25 700&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
 |depth = 19 м
 |max-depth = 64 м
 |volume = 480 км³
 |elevation = 174 м 
}}
[[Файл:Great Lakes Lake Erie.png|мини|слева|Эри нуур]]
''Эри'' ({{lang-en|Erie}} {{IPA|[ˈɪri]}}, {{lang-fr|Érié}}) — [[дэлхэй]]дэ арбадахи томо [[сэбэр уһан|сэбэр уһатай]] нуур, Ехэ нуурнууд дундада дүрбэдэхи ородог. 25 700 км² талмай эзэлээд, Эри нуур 13-дахи томо талмайтай нуур болоно ([[Каспиин тэнгис|Каспиин]] ба [[Арал тэнгис]] оруулаад). 92 км болотор үргэн эдэ нуур баруун-урда баруун зүгһээ зүүн-хойто зүүн зүгдэ 388 км һунаагдаһан. Эдэ нуурай эрьедэ [[АНУ|Америкын]] [[Мичиган можо]], [[Охайо можо]], [[Пенсильвани можо]] ба [[Нью-Йорк можо]] тиигэд Канадын [[Онтарио можо]] оршодог. Дундажа гүнзэгынь 19 м, максимум гүнзэгынь — 64 м. Урда баруун хэһэгтэ олон аралтай. Уһанай температура үбэлдөө 0—2&amp;nbsp;°C-һаа зундаа 24&amp;nbsp;°C хүрэтэр хубилагдана. Эрьеын хэһэг [[12 һара]]һаа [[3 һара|3]] гү, али [[4 һара]] хүрэтэр хүрэдэг. [[Ниагара мүрэн]] урдажа гараад, [[Детройт гол|Детройт]], Гранд, Рейзин, Хурон, Моми, Сандаски, Куяхога гол мүрэнүүд шудхана. Эри нуур [[Ниагара мүрэн|Ниагараар]] (утань 56 км) болон [[Уэлленд]] һубагаар [[Ехэ нуурнууд#Онтарио|Онтарио нууртай]] холбогдодог, онгосын ябадаг һубагаар —  [[Хатсон гол|Хатсон]]тай холбогдодог. Нуурай эрьедэ [[Баффало]], [[Эри (Пенсильвания)|Эри]], [[Толедо (Охайо)|Толедо]], Порт-Стенли, [[Монро (Мичиган)|Монро]], [[Кливленд]] хото һуринууд оршодог. Эри нуурай нэрэ индианшуудай яһатанай эриелхонан нэрэһээ (сэхэ хэлэхэдэ  «''ута һуул''», [[Пума]] амитанай нэрэ) гараһан.
=== Онтарио ===
{{Сүнхэрэг
 |lake_name = Онтарио нуур
 |image = [[File:Whitby Harbour Panorama.jpg|250px]]
 |caption = Витби Харбор оршомдо Онтарио нуур
 |image_lake = 
 |caption_lake =
 |countries = [[АНУ]], [[Канада]]
 |area = 19 500&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
 |catchment = 64 030 км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
 |depth = 86 м
 |max-depth = 244 м
 |volume = 1640 км³
 |elevation = 75 м 
}}
[[Файл:Great Lakes Lake Ontario.png|thumb|left|250px|Озеро Онтарио]]
''Онтарио'' ({{lang-en|Ontario}}) — Ехэ нуурнууд системын дундада хамагай доодо болон хамагай жаахан (Сент-Клэр нуургүй), площадью 20 мянган квадрат километр оршом талмайтай (19,5 мянган км²). Нуурай эгээн гүнзэгынь — 244 м, дундажа — 86 м юм. Эдэ нуур [[дэлхэй]]дэ арбандүрбэдэхи ехэ. [[Ниагара гол|Ниагара]] гол шудхадан ородог. Онгосын ябадаг һубагууд эдэ нуурые [[Ехэ нуурнууд#Эри|Эри]]тай ба [[Хатсон гол|Хатсон]] голтой холбогдоно. Нуурай акваторида алдартай [[туннелиин губи]]да оруулһан Хурган нуурнууд ({{lang-en|Finger Lakes}}) залгамжалаад байна. [[Сэнт Лоуренс гол]]оор [[Атлантик далай|Атлантын далайтай]] холбогдоно. Онтариодо онгосууд ябалга хүгжэлтэй. Нуур эрьеын томо портууд — [[Торонто]], [[Хамильтон (Канада)|Хамильтон]], [[Кингстон (Онтарио)|Кингстон]] (Канада) ба [[Рочестер (Нью-Йорк)|Рочестер]] (АНУ).

=== Сент-Клэр ===
Сент-Клэр — Ехэ нуурнууд системэдэ хамагай бишыхан нуур, [[Ехэ нуурнууд#Хурон|Хурон]] болон [[Ехэ нуурнууд#Эри|Эри]] нуурнууд хороондо оршодог.

== Хадамал газарзүй ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5px&quot;
|-
! Нуур
![[Ехэ нуурнууд#Сент-Клэр|Сент-Клэр]]
![[Ехэ нуурнууд#Эри|Эри]]
![[Ехэ нуурнууд#Хурон|Хурон]]
![[Ехэ нуурнууд#Мичиган|Мичиган]]
![[Ехэ нуурнууд#Онтарио|Онтарио]]
![[Ехэ нуурнууд#Дээдэ|Дээдэ]]
|-
! Талмай
| 1114 км²
| 25 700 км²
| 59 600 км²
| 58 000 км²
| 19 500 км²
| 82 400 км²
|-
! Багтаса
| 3,4 км³
| 480 км³
| 3540 км³
| 4900 км³
| 1640 км³
| 12 000 км³
|-
! Тэнгис уһанай нюрууһээ үндэрынь
| 175 м
| 174 м
| 176 м
| 176 м
| 75 м
| 186 м
|-
! Дундажа гүнзэгынь
| 3,4 м
| 10 м
| 59 м
| 85 м
| 86 м
| 147 м
|-
! Эгээн гүнзэгынь
| 8 м
| 64 м
| 230 м
| 281 м
| 246 м
| 406 м
|-
! Гол һууринууд
| [[Детройт|Детройт, Мичиган]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Уинсор (Онтарио)|Уинсор, Онтарио]]
| [[Баффало|Баффало, Нью-Йорк]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Кливленд|Кливленд, Охайо]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Эри (Пенсильвания)|Эри, Пенсильвания]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Толидо|Толидо, Охайо]]
| [[Сарни (Онтарио)|Сарни, Онтарио]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Порт-Хурон|Порт-Хурон, Мичиган]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Бей-Сити|Бей-Сити, Мичиган]]
| [[Чикаго|Чикаго, Иллинойс]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Гэри (Индиана)|Гэри, Индиана]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Грин-Бей|Грин-Бей, Висконсин]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Милуоки|Милуоки, Висконсин]]
| [[Хамильтон (Онтарио)|Хамильтон, Онтарио]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Кингстон (Онтарио)|Кингстон, Онтарио]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Ошава|Ошава, Онтарио]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Рочестер (Нью-Йорк)|Рочестер, Нью-Йорк]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Торонто|Торонто, Онтарио]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Миссиссога|Миссиссога, Онтарио]]
| [[Дулут|Дулут, Миннесота]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Су-Сент-Мари (Канада)|Су-Сент-Мари, Онтарио]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Тандер-Бей (Онтарио)|Тандер-Бей, Онтарио]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Маркетт (город)|Маркетт, Мичиган]]
|}

== Холбооһон ==
{{commonscat|Great Lakes}}
* {{Из|БСЭ|http://slovari.yandex.ru/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5%20%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%91%D1%80%D0%B0/%D0%91%D0%A1%D0%AD/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5%20%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%91%D1%80%D0%B0/|заглавие=Великие озёра|издание=3-е|автор=О. А. Спенглер}}
* [http://www.vancouversun.com/entertainment/Movie+review+Waterlife+depicts+Great+Lakes+peril/1802124/story.html Документальный фильм о Великих озёрах, рецензия (англ.)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805135225/http://www.vancouversun.com/entertainment/Movie+review+Waterlife+depicts+Great+Lakes+peril/1802124/story.html |date=2020-08-05 }}

== Зүүлтэ ==
{{зүүлтэ}}

== Ном зохёол ==
* {{Cite book |last = Grady  |first =Wayne |coauthors=Bruce M Littel john; Emily S Damstra |year =2007 |title =The Great Lakes: the natural history of a changing region |url =http://books.google.ca/books?id=bnvZ1XrRTGIC&amp;lpg=PP1&amp;dq=Great%20Lakes&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=true |publisher=David Suzuki Foundation. |isbn=9781553651970}}
* Anin, Peter. (2006) ''[http://books.google.ca/books?id=VzMeZHaLP_gC&amp;lpg=PP1&amp;dq=inauthor%3A%22Peter%20Annin%22&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=true The Great Lakes Water Wars]'' Island Press ISBN 1-55963-087-6
* Beltran, R. et al. ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20130202002550/http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/atlas/glat-ch2.html The Great Lakes: An Environmental Atlas and Resource Book]''. (United States Environmental Protection Agency and Government of Canada, 1995, ISBN 0-662-23441-3).
* Coon, W.F. and R.A. Sheets. ''[http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5180/ Estimate of Ground Water in Storage in the Great Lakes Basin]'' [Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5180]. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2006.
* Боли А., Северная Америкэ, [пер. с франц.], М., 1948.
* Канада. Географические районы, пер. с англ., М., 1955.

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    <title>Хүхэтэн</title>
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      <text bytes="7150" sha1="q8etoehclbn724kdjeann3guxf4qb2m" xml:space="preserve">{{Таксон
| color = pink
| name = Хүхэтэн (Mammalia)
| image = Mammalia 0.jpg
| image_caption = 
| image_width=250px
| domain = [[Эукариот]]
| regnum = [[Амитан]]
| phylum = [[Хүбшэтэн]]
| subphylum = [[Һээр нюргатан]]
| infraphylum = [[Gnathostomata]]
| superclassis = [[Tetrapoda]]
| classis = '''Хүхэтэн'''
| classis_authority = [[Карл Линней]], 1758
| subdivision_ranks = Clades
| subdivision = *Дэд анги †'''[[Allotheria]]'''[[Paraphyletic|*]]
* Дэд анги '''[[Prototheria]]'''
* Дэд анги '''[[Theria]]'''
** Инфра анги †[[Trituberculata]]
** Инфра анги [[Metatheria]]
** Инфра анги [[Eutheria]]
}}
'''Хүхэтэн''' ({{lang-la|Mammalia}}, {{lang-mn|Хөхтөн}}) гү, али '''[[һүн]] тэжээлтэн''' ({{lang-ru|Млекопитающие}}) — [[Һээр нюргатан]] амитадай хүреэн болоод эмэгшэниинь хүхэн, һүнэй [[булшархай]]тай, мүн эрэ, эмэ хоюула үһэн, хүлһэнэй булшархай, дунда шэхэнэй яһан зэрэгтэй болоно. Хүхэтэн амитаниинь халуун шуһатай болоод [[зүрхэн]]иинь 4 [[зүрхэнэй таһалга|таһалга]]атай.

== Нэрэ ==
[[Латин хэлэн|Латин]] нэрэнь '''Mammalia''' — {{lang-la|mamma}} «хүхэн»&lt;ref&gt;{{книга|автор=[[Дворецкий, Иосиф Ханаанович|Дворецкий И. Х.]]&amp;nbsp;|заглавие=Латинско-русский словарь. 3-е изд|место=М.|издательство=[[Русский язык (издательство)|Русский язык]]|год=1986|страниц=840|страницы=468}}&lt;/ref&gt; үгэһээ гаралһан; удхань: «хүхэтэй ([[һүн]] булшархайтай)». Иимэ удхатай: {{lang-mn|[[:mn:Хөхтөн|хөхтөн]]}} {{lang-fr|[[:fr:Mammifère|mammifères]]}}, {{lang-es|[[:es:Mammalia|mamíferos]]}}, {{lang-it|[[:it:Mammalia|mammiferi]]}}, {{lang-pt|[[:pt:Mamíferos|mamíferos]]}}, {{lang-eo|[[:eo:Mamuloj|mamuloj]]}} ({{lang-en|[[:en:Mammal|mammals]]}} — латинһээ абтаһан үгэ). «Һүн тэжээлтэн» удхатайнь — {{lang-de|[[:de:Säugetiere|Säugetiere]]}}, {{lang-nl|[[:nl:Zoogdieren|zoogdieren]]}}, {{lang-ru|[[:ru:млекопитающие|млекопитающие]]}}; «һүниие хүхэгшэд» — {{lang-pl|[[:pl:Ssaki|ssaki]]}}, {{lang-uk|[[:uk:Ссавці|ссавці]]}} удха.

== Биологиин ангилал ==
Хүхэтэниинь ямар хэлбэригээр түрэхэһээ шалтгаалан 2 гол ангида хубаагдана:
* '''[[Эгээ ан]]''' (''Prototheria'')
** '''[[Үндэгэлэгшэ]]''' (''Monotremata'')
* '''[[Ан]]''' (''Theria'')
** '''[[Уутатан]]''' (''Metatheria'')
** '''[[Ихэстэн]]''' (''Eutheria'')

Мүнөө 1200 түрэлэй, 153 обог, 29 багай 5400 зүйл хүхэтэн амитад байна. Ехэнхинь дарааха 6 том багта хамарагдана.
* '''Rodentia''' — [[хулгана]], [[харха]] гэхэ мэтэ мэрэгшэд.
* '''Chiroptera''' — [[һарьһан эрбээхэй|һарьһан эрбээхэйнүүд]].
* '''Soricomorpha''' — [[сохор номин]], [[гэрэлзгэнэ]].
* '''Carnivora''' — [[муур]], [[нохой]], [[үен]], [[баабгай]], [[далайн хаба]] гэхэ мэтэ.
* '''Cetartiodactyla''' — туурайтан болон [[халим]].
* '''Primates''' — [[һармагшан]]ууд, [[хүн]].

== Зүүлтэ ==
{{зүүлтэ}}

== Холбооһон ==
{{commonscat|Mammals}}
* [http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3/ Mammal Species of the World]
* {{Из|БСЭ|http://slovari.yandex.ru//БСЭ/Млекопитающие/|title=Млекопитающие|автор=[[Гептнер, Владимир Георгиевич|В. Г. Гептнер]]|издание=3-е}}
* [http://www.zoomet.ru/metod_zveri.html Электронная библиотека книг по млекопитающим]
* [http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3/ Mammal Species of the World]
* [http://antropogenez.ru/zveno-single/504/ C. Дробышевский «Древнейшие млекопитающие и их классификация»]
* [http://www.molekularesystematik.uni-oldenburg.de/33997.html Систематика и эволюция млекопитающих на Programs.pl] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522081507/http://www.molekularesystematik.uni-oldenburg.de/33997.html |date=2013-05-22 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101106070827/http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/class/Mammal BBC Wildlife Finder — video clips from the BBC’s natural history archive]
* [http://www.globaltwitcher.com/gt2/taxa.asp?classid=278796 GlobalTwitcher.com — All species in the world with distribution maps and images]
* [http://paleocene-mammals.de/ Paleocene Mammals], a site covering the rise of the mammals, paleocene-mammals.de
* [http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/mammals/Evolution.shtml Evolution of Mammals], a brief introduction to early mammals, enchantedlearning.com
* [http://tellapallet.com/tree_of_life.htm Tree of Life poster] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210112109/http://www.tellapallet.com/tree_of_life.htm |date=2015-02-10 }} — Shows mammals' evolutionary relation to other organisms, tellapallet.com
* [http://brainmaps.org/index.php?p=datasets-species High-Resolution Images of various Mammalian Brains], brainmaps.org
* [http://www.learnanimals.com/mammals.php Mammal Species] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180824030042/http://www.learnanimals.com/mammals.php |date=2018-08-24 }}, collection of information sheets about various mammal species, learnanimals.com
* [http://www.fmnh.helsinki.fi/users/haaramo/Metazoa/Deuterostoma/Chordata/Synapsida/Basal_Mammalia/Mammaliaformes_2.htm#Australophenida Mikko’s Phylogeny Archive] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080124063323/http://www.fmnh.helsinki.fi/users/haaramo/Metazoa/Deuterostoma/Chordata/Synapsida/Basal_Mammalia/Mammaliaformes_2.htm#Australophenida |date=2008-01-24 }}, fmnh.helsinki.fi
* [http://www.european-mammals.org/php/mapmaker.php European Mammal Atlas EMMA] from Societas Europaea Mammalogica, European-mammals.org
* [http://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/bis/marine_mammals.php Marine Mammals of the World]—An overview of all marine mammals, including descriptions, multimedia and a key, eti.uva.nl
* [http://www.mammalogy.org Mammalogy.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200301013904/http://www.mammalogy.org/ |date=2020-03-01 }} The American Society of Mammalogists was established in 1919 for the purpose of promoting the study of mammals, and this website includes a mammal image library
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[[Категори:Амитад]]

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    <title>Миисгэй</title>
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      <text bytes="5594" sha1="iwbuw9s407ktaf486ltx55mxzipnc2o" xml:space="preserve">{{Таксон
| name = Миисгэй
| status = DOM
| image = Domestic cat cropped.jpg
| image_width= 200px
| image_caption = [[commons:Category:Felis silvestris catus|Миисгэйн бусад зурагууд]]
| regnum = [[Амитан]]
| phylum = [[Хүбшэтэн]]
|subphylum = [[Һээр нюруутан]]
| classis = [[Хүхэтэн]]
| ordo = [[Мяха эдишэтэн]]
| familia = [[Миисгэйхэн]]
| genus = ''Felis''
| species = Миисгэй
| binomial = ''Felis catus''
| binomial_authority = (Линней, 1758)
| synonyms = &lt;small&gt;''Felis catus domestica'' (буруу синоним)&lt;br /&gt;''Felis silvestris catus''&lt;/small&gt;
}}
'''Миисгэй''' (''Felis catus'') гү, али '''гэрэй миисгэй''' хоротон мэрэгшэ, могой, хилэнсэтэ хорхой зэргэ гэрэй хоротоные агнаха шадабари, хүндэ даһаха шадабаряар хүндэ үнэлигдэдэг мяхан эдишэтэй хүхэтэн. Миисгэй доро хаяжа 9500 жэлэй үмэнэ хүнтэй холбоотой болоһон.&lt;ref name=&quot;9500 years&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title = Oldest Known Pet Cat? 9500-Year-Old Burial Found on Cyprus | url = http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2004/04/0408_040408_oldestpetcat.html | accessdate = 2007-03-06 | date = 2004-04-08 | publisher = National Geographic News | archivedate = 2022-06-12 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20220612150738/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/oldest-known-pet-cat-9500-year-old-burial-found-on-cyprus}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Шадабарилиг мяхашан миисгэй 1000 оршом зүйлэй амитан барижа хооллодог. Энгын команда һургажа болоно. Миисгэй хаалганай барюула доошо даража онгойлгохо зэргэ энгын механизмые өөрөө эзэмшэжэ һурадаг. Миисгэй янза бүриин дуу абяагаар харилсадагһаа гадана, бэеын хүдэлөөнөөр харилсадаг.&lt;ref name=Channel3000Meows&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.channel3000.com/news/1472741/detail.html | title = Meows Mean More To Cat Lovers | publisher = Channel3000.com | accessdate = 2006-06-14 | archivedate = 2003-08-04 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20030804205624/http://www.channel3000.com/news/1472741/detail.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; Миисгэй дэлхэй дээрэ хамагай түгөөмэл гэрэй амитан байха магадлалтай. Ниитэ 600 сая үлүү миисгэй дэлхэй даяар тархаһан.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://myspacetv.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=vids.individual&amp;videoid=35944126 |title=Cat Diversity by National Geographic |publisher=MySpaceTV |date= |accessdate=2008-11-22}}&lt;/ref&gt; Бүридхэлтэй сэбэр үүлдэрэй миисгэй тэжээдэг хүмүүн олон бии.

Миисгэй шүтээнээ болгоһон [[эртэнэй Египет]]дэ миисгэйе анха гэршүүлһэн гэжэ саяхан болотор үзэдэг байба.&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT&quot;&gt;{{cite news
|url = http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/29/science/29cat.html?em&amp;ex=1183348800&amp;en=46920e3fe2f7c649&amp;ei=5087%0A
|title = Study Traces Cat's Ancestry to Middle East
|last = Wade
|first = Nicholas
|date=2007-06-29
|work = [[The New York Times]]
|accessdate=2008-04-02}}&lt;/ref&gt; Гэбэшье 2007 оной һудалгаар гэрэй бүхы миисгэй {{МЭҮ}} 8000 жэлэй үмэнэ Ойрохи Дурнада гэршэһэн табан хүрэтэр тооной [[Африкын соохондой]]һоо ''(Felis silvestris lybica)'' гаралтайе тогтобо.&lt;ref name=&quot;SciencemagNEO&quot;&gt;{{cite journal | author = Driscoll, Carlos A. et al. | title = The Near Eastern Origin of Cat Domestication | date = 2007-07-27 | journal = [[Science (journal)|''Science'']] | url = http://www.mobot.org/plantscience/resbot/repr/add/domesticcat_driscoll2007.pdf |format=PDF| accessdate = 2008-04-02 | doi = 10.1126/science.1139518 | volume = 1 | pages = e3 | pmid = 17600185}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Анатоми ==
Миисгэйнь 2.5-7 кг жэнтэй, зарим үүлдэр, тухайлбал Maine Coon зэргэнь 11.3 кг хүрэдэг. Мүн маша жэжэгхэн 1.8 кг оршом түрэл баһа бии. Дэлхэйн хамагай томо рекорд тогтооһон миисгэй 21 кг 297 гр ба хамагай жэжэгынь 1 кг 36 гр байна. Миисгэйн дундажа үндэр 23-25 см, ута 46 см (толгой, бэе) ба һүүлнэй ута 30 см байдаг.
Үе мүсэ, [[балсан]], [[шөрмөс]]ынь тун зөөлэн, уян хатан тула толгойнхоо эргэн тойронһоо бусад бараг бүхэ бэеынхээ хэһэгые долоожо шадана. Мүн үндэр үдэрхэ шадабари һайн болоод бэеын үндэрһөө 5 дахин үлүү 1.5 м оршом үдэржэ шададаг. Сагта 60 км оршом хурдалха шадабаритай хэмээгдэхэ ба эгшэн зуур богони зайда үндэр хурда гаргаха болобошье хол дабхихагүй.

== Зүүлтэ ==
{{зүүлтэ}}

== Мүн үзэхэ ==
* [[Эрвин Шрёдингер]]

{{1000 үгүүлэл}}

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 |дуулал                     = 
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 |һүлдэ                     = Augustus Aureus infobox version.png|150px
 |һүлдын_бэшэлгэ           = &lt;small&gt;[[Октавиан Август|Август эзэн хаанай]] алтан зоос&lt;/small&gt;
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 |байгуулга               = {{МЭҮ}} 27
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 |p1 = Римэй Республика
 |image_p1 = [[File:Consul et lictores.png|30px|link=Roman Republic]]
 |s1 = Византиин эзэнтэ гүрэн
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 |уряа                    = {{lang-la|Senatus Populusque Romanum}}
 |ниислэл                  = [[Рома]], 330 он хойшо — [[Стамбул|Константинополь]]
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 |хэлэн                     = [[латин хэлэн]], [[грек хэлэн]]
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 |содержимое_параметра     = 
 |газар_нютаг                  = 4 790 000 км² (117 он);
 |хүн_ама                = 
 |засаглалай_хэлбэри          = [[Эзэнтэ Хаанта улас]]
 |обог_удам                 = 
|&lt;!--- Titles and names of the first and last leaders and their deputies ---&gt;
 |тэргүүнэй_тушаал         = [[Эзэнтэ хаан]]
 |тэргүүн1               = [[Октавиан Август]] (түрүүшын хаан)
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}}
'''Римэй эзэнтэ гүрэн''' ({{lang-la|Imperium Romanum}}) [[эртэнэй Рома|эртын Римэй]] [[эргэншэл|соёл эргэншэлэй]] [[Римэй Республика|Республикын]] даарахи үе шата болоод засаглалай автократи хэлбэриие абажа, [[Европо]], [[Газарай дундада тэнгис]]эй эргэн тойрондо асар томо нютаг дэбисхэр эзэлжэ байһанаараа онсолиг юм.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Roman Empire, &quot; Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2008&lt;/ref&gt; Энэ нэрэ томьёогоор анханай эзэн хаан [[Октавиан Август]]ай үе болон тэрэнэй дараахи хугасааные элирхылдэг.

Энэ үмэнэ байһан [[Римэй Республика]] хэд хэдэн удаагай эргэнэй дайнаар һуларжа, доройтобо. Республикын хожуу үеын тэмсэлэй үеээр олон зуун сенаторнууд алуулһан гү, али үхэхэд [[Римэй сенат]] эхинэй үедэ [[Анхадугаар триумвират]]ай дэмжэгшэдээр нүхэгдэжэ байһан бол хожом [[Хоёрдугаар триумвират]]ай дэмжэгшэдээр нүхэгдэжэ байба. Республикаһаа эзэнтэ гүрэн рүү шэлжэһэн шэлжэлтые хэд хэдэн үйлэ ябадалаар тэмдэглэхэ һанал байдаг. Энэниин дотор [[Юлий Цезарь]] {{МЭҮ}} 44 ондо [[Римэй диктатор]]оор наһан туршадаа томилогдоһон ябадал, [[Актиумын тулалдаан]] ({{МЭҮ}} 31 оной 9 дүгээр һарын 2), Римэй сенат Октавианда хүндэтэ ''Август'' ({{МЭҮ}} 27 оной 1 дүгээр һарын 4) сула үгэһэн ябадалаар тэмдэглэхэ һанал гаража байба. Октавиан/Август Римэй Республикые абарһанаа албан ёһоор тунхаглажа, эрхэ мэдэлээ Республикын хэлбэриин доро болгоомжотой нуун далдалжа байба. Тухайлбал [[консул]]нууд һунгагдаһан байһан, плебейшүүдэй [[трибуна]]нууд хуули тогтоомжо һанал болгожо байһан, сенаторнууд Римэй курияда мэтгэлсэсээр байба. Гэбэш бүхы зүйлэдэ нүлөөлжэ, эсэсэй шиидбэриие хинадаг байһан хүниинь Октавиан болон тэрэнэй дараа гаража ерэһэн бүхы эзэн хаан байгаа. Тэрэ шаардалга гарабал [[Римэй легион]]ууд тэрэниие дэмжэжэ байба.

[[Лата хэлэн]]эй ''Imperium Romanum'' (Римэй эзэнтэ гүрэн) гэхэ нэрэ томьёонь магадгүй хамагай һайн танигдаһан латин үгэ юм. Энэ нэр томьёоной ''imperium'' гэхэ үгэнь Римэй сэрэгэй захирагша — императорта дагаар ороһон хүнэй [[амидарал]]ай хүрээг элидхэдэг юм (жэшээлбэл хүмүүн бүхы зарим улас орон — газар нютаг). Римэй тэлэлтэ бүгэдэ найрамдаха уласай үедэ эхилһэн болобошье эзэн хаан [[Траян]]ай үедэ оргилдоо хүрэбэ. Нютаг дэбисхэрэй тэлэлтын энэ оргил үедэ Римэй эзэнтэ гүрэн 6,5 сая оршом км²&lt;ref&gt;Parker, Philip, «The Empire Stops Here». p.2.&lt;/ref&gt; хуурай газарые хамаржа байлаа. Эзэнтэ гүрэн үргэн уудам нютаг дэбисхэрые удаан хугасаанда харьяалжа байһан ушарһаа дэлхэйн улас оронуудай [[хэлэн]], [[шажан]], [[уран барилга]], [[гүн ухаан]], [[хуули]], [[засаглал]]да нүлөөлһэн нүлөөлэл мүнөөе хүрэтэр хадгалагдаһанаар ерэһэн.

{{МЭ}} III зуунай һүүлээр [[Диоклетиан]] үргэн уудам нютаг дэбисхэрые ударидалга доороо нэгэдхэн барижа байхын тулада эрхэ мэдэлые хамтаран түрэ баригша эзэн хаадай дунда хубааха практика тогтообо. Дараашын хэдэн арбан жэлэй турша эзэнтэ гүрэн гол түлэб зүүн/баруун тэнхэлгын дагуу хубаагдаха болоһон. 395 ондо [[I Феодосий]] наһа бараһанай дараа эзэнтэ гүрэн һүүлын удаа хубаагдаба.&lt;ref&gt;Chester G. Starr, ''A History of the Ancient World, Second Edition.'' Oxford University Press, 1974. pp. 670—678.&lt;/ref&gt;

476 ондо [[Ромул Август]] Одоакриин шахалтаар хаан шэрээнһээ бууһанаар [[Баруун Римэй эзэнтэ гүрэн]] задаран унаба.&lt;ref&gt;Isaac Asimov. ''Asimov’s Chronology of the World.'' Harper Collins, 1989. p. 110.&lt;/ref&gt; Зүүн Римэй гү, али [[Византиин эзэнтэ гүрэн]] 1453 ондо [[XI Константин Палеолог]] наһа баража, [[Константинополь]] хотые [[II Мехмед]]эй ударидаһан [[Османай эзэнтэ гүрэн|Османай туркууд]] эзэлхэ хүрэтэр оршон тогтонобо.&lt;ref&gt;Asimov, p. 198.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Зүүлтэ ==
{{зүүлтэ}}

== Холбооһон ==
* Adena, L. [http://cliojournal.wikispaces.com/How+the+Jesus+Cult+Captured+the+Roman+State The 'Jesus Cult' and the Roman State in the Third Century] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104073248/http://cliojournal.wikispaces.com/How+the+Jesus+Cult+Captured+the+Roman+State |date=2015-01-04 }}, Clio History Journal, 2008.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100708232311/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5i11rv1ezJ_9hlqSjJfzxr1A5wryQ Roman battlefield unearthed deep inside Germany]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090424072929/http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/romans/ BBC Romans for Children]
* [http://classicsunveiled.com/romeh/ Classics Unveiled] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305213059/http://www.classicsunveiled.com/romeh/ |date=2012-03-05 }}
* [http://www.euratlas.com/history_europe/europe_map_0100.html Complete map of the Roman Empire in year 100] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100519172508/http://www.euratlas.com/history_europe/europe_map_0100.html |date=2010-05-19 }}
* [http://roman-empire.info Detailed history of the Roman Empire]
* [http://tacitus.nu/historical-atlas/rome.htm Historical Atlas] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150801171701/http://www.tacitus.nu/historical-atlas/rome.htm |date=2015-08-01 }} (Swedish)
* [http://romancoins.info Roman Numismatic Gallery ]
* [http://resourcesforhistory.com The Celts and Romans]
* [http://roman-empire.net The Roman Empire]
* [http://pbs.org/empires/romans/index.html The Roman Empire in the First Century] from PBS
* [http://www.crystalinks.com/romanempire.html The Roman Empire System]
* [http://www.wikitimescale.org/en/wiki/Imperium_Romanum Timeline of the Roman Empire and its split] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181112233227/http://www.wikitimescale.org/en/wiki/Imperium_Romanum |date=2018-11-12 }} on [[WikiTimeScale]].
* [http://www.unrv.com/ UNRV Roman History]
* [http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/jod/wola.html Worlds of Late Antiquity website:] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050606081217/http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/jod/wola.html |date=2005-06-06 }} links, bibliographies: [[Augustine of Hippo|Augustine]], [[Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius|Boethius]], [[Cassiodorus]] etc.

{{1000 үгүүлэл}}

[[Категори:Эртэнэй Рома]]
[[Категори:Италиин түүхэ]]
[[Категори:Усадхаһан хаанта уласууд]]</text>
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    <title>Тэнгэриин ван</title>
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      <text bytes="15185" sha1="qar8xoblee7gq28q98mn8a5pkluwu8p" xml:space="preserve">{{Гараг
| bgcolour = #c0ffff
| name = Тэнгэриин ван
| symbol = [[Файл:Uranus symbol (bold).svg|24px|alt=⛢|Тэнгэриин вангай одон ороной тэмдэг]]
| image = [[Файл:Uranus2.jpg|frameless|center|Тэнгэриин ван]]
| caption = Вояджер 2 хүлэгөөр абаһан зураг
| discovery = yes
| discoverer = [[Уильям Хершель]]
| discovered = 1781 оной 3 һарын 13
| orbit_ref =
&lt;ref name=horizons&gt;{{cite web
 | last = Yeomans | first = Donald K. |date = July 13, 2006
 | url = http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?horizons
 | title = HORIZONS System | publisher = NASA JPL
 | accessdate = 2007-08-08 }} — At the site, go to the &quot;web interface&quot; then select &quot;Ephemeris Type: ELEMENTS&quot;, &quot;Target Body: Uranus Barycenter&quot; and &quot;Center: Sun&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| epoch = [[J2000]]
| apoapsis = 3,004,419,704&amp;nbsp;[[километр|км]]&lt;br /&gt;20.083&amp;nbsp;305&amp;nbsp;26&amp;nbsp;[[одон орны нэгж|а.н.]]
| periapsis = 2,748,938,461&amp;nbsp;км&lt;br /&gt;18.375&amp;nbsp;518&amp;nbsp;63 а.н.
| semimajor = 2,876,679,082&amp;nbsp;км&lt;br /&gt;19.229&amp;nbsp;411&amp;nbsp;95 а.н.
| eccentricity = 0.044&amp;nbsp;405&amp;nbsp;586
| period = 30,799.095&amp;nbsp;[[үдэр]]&lt;br /&gt;84.323&amp;nbsp;326 [[юлианы жил (одон орон)|жил]]
| synodic_period = 369.66&amp;nbsp;үдэр&lt;ref name=&quot;fact&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url = http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/uranusfact.html|title = Uranus Fact Sheet|publisher = NASA|last = Williams|first = Dr. David R.|accessdate = 2007-08-10|date = January 31, 2005|archivedate = 2011-08-04|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110804224710/http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/uranusfact.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| avg_speed = 6.81&amp;nbsp;км/с&lt;ref name=&quot;fact&quot;/&gt;
| inclination = 0.772&amp;nbsp;556° ([[Эклиптик]]т)&lt;br /&gt;6.48° ([[Нар]]ны экваторт)&lt;br /&gt;1.02° ([[Тогтмол хавтан]]д)&lt;ref name=meanplane&gt;{{cite web
  |date=2009-04-03
  |title=The MeanPlane (Invariable plane) of the Solar System passing through the barycenter
  |url=http://home.comcast.net/~kpheider/MeanPlane.gif
  |accessdate=2009-04-10
  |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090420194536/http://home.comcast.net/~kpheider/MeanPlane.gif
  |archivedate=2009-04-20
  }} (produced with [http://chemistry.unina.it/~alvitagl/solex/ Solex 10] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150524145440/http://chemistry.unina.it/~alvitagl/solex/ |date=2015-05-24 }} written by Aldo Vitagliano; see also [[Invariable plane]])&lt;/ref&gt;
| asc_node = 73.989&amp;nbsp;821°
| arg_peri = 96.541&amp;nbsp;318°
| mean_anomaly = 142.955&amp;nbsp;717°
| satellites = [[Ураны дагуулууд|27]]
| physical_characteristics = yes
| flattening = 0.022&amp;nbsp;9&amp;nbsp;±&amp;nbsp;0.000&amp;nbsp;8
| equatorial_radius = 25,559&amp;nbsp;±&amp;nbsp;4&amp;nbsp;км&lt;br /&gt;4.007&amp;nbsp;дэлхий&lt;ref name=Seidelmann2007&gt;{{cite journal|last= Seidelmann|first= P. Kenneth|coauthors= Archinal, B. A.; A’hearn, M. F.; et al.|title= Report of the IAU/IAGWorking Group on cartographic coordinates and rotational elements: 2006|journal= Celestial Mech. Dyn. Astr. |volume=90|pages=155–180|year=2007|doi=10.1007/s10569-007-9072-y|url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/doi/10.1007/s10569-007-9072-y}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| polar_radius = 24,973&amp;nbsp;±&amp;nbsp;20&amp;nbsp;км&lt;br /&gt;3.929&amp;nbsp;дэлхий&lt;ref name=Seidelmann2007/&gt;
| surface_area = 8.115&amp;nbsp;6{{e|9}}&amp;nbsp;км²&lt;ref name=&quot;nasafact&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url = http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Uranus&amp;Display=Facts|title = NASA: Solar System Exploration: Planets: Uranus: Facts &amp; Figures|publisher = NASA|last = Munsell|first = Kirk|accessdate = 2007-08-13|date = May 14, 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;15.91&amp;nbsp;дэлхий
| volume = 6.833{{e|13}}&amp;nbsp;км³&lt;ref name=&quot;fact&quot;/&gt;&lt;br /&gt;63.086&amp;nbsp;дэлхий
| mass = {{nowrap|(8.6810 ± 0.0013){{e|25}} [[килограмм|кг]]}}&lt;br /&gt;14.536&amp;nbsp;дэлхий&lt;ref name=Jacobson1992&gt;{{cite journal|last=Jacobson|first=R.A.|coauthors=Campbell, J.K.; Taylor, A.H.; Synnott, S.P.|title=The masses of Uranus and its major satellites from Voyager tracking data and Earth-based Uranian satellite data|journal=The Astronomical Journal|volume=103|issue=6|pages=2068–2078|year=1992|doi=10.1086/116211| url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992AJ....103.2068J}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[гравитацийн стандарт параметр|GM]]=5&amp;nbsp;793&amp;nbsp;939&amp;nbsp;±&amp;nbsp;13&amp;nbsp;км³/с²
| density = 1.27&amp;nbsp;г/см³&lt;ref name=fact/&gt;
| surface_grav = 8.69&amp;nbsp;[[хурдатгал|м/с²]]&lt;ref name=fact/&gt;&lt;br /&gt;0.886&amp;nbsp;[[хүндийн хүчний хурдатгал|g]]
| escape_velocity = 21.3&amp;nbsp;км/с&lt;ref name=fact/&gt;
| sidereal_day = -0.718&amp;nbsp;33 үдэр&lt;br /&gt;{{nowrap|17 [[үдэр]] 14 [[минута|мин]] 24 [[секунда|сек]]}}&lt;ref name=Seidelmann2007/&gt;
| rot_velocity = 2.59&amp;nbsp;км/с&lt;br /&gt;9,320&amp;nbsp;км/цаг
| axial_tilt = 97.77°&lt;ref name=Seidelmann2007/&gt;
| right_asc_north_pole = {{nowrap|17 цаг 9 мин 15 сек}}&lt;br /&gt;257.311°&lt;ref name=Seidelmann2007/&gt;
| declination = −15.175°&lt;ref name=Seidelmann2007/&gt;
| albedo = 0.300 ([[Бондын албедо|бонд]])&lt;br /&gt;
0.51 ([[Геометр албедо|геом.]])&lt;ref name=&quot;fact&quot;/&gt;
| magnitude = 5.9&lt;ref name=ephemeris&gt;{{cite web|title=Twelve Year Planetary Ephemeris: 1995 - 2006|author=Fred Espenak|work=NASA|url=http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/TYPE/TYPE.html|year=2005|accessdate=2007-06-14|archiveurl=https://archive.ph/20121205061717/http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/TYPE/TYPE.html|archivedate=2012-12-05}}&lt;/ref&gt; to 5.32&lt;ref name=&quot;fact&quot;/&gt;
| angular_size = 3.3&quot;–4.1&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;fact&quot;/&gt;
| temperatures = yes
| temp_name1 = 1&amp;nbsp;[[бар (нэгж)|бар]] level&lt;ref name=Podolak1995&gt;{{cite journal|last=Podolak|first=M.|coauthors=Weizman, A.; Marley, M.|title=Comparative models of Uranus and Neptune|journal=Planet. Space Sci.|volume=43|issue=12|pages=1517–1522|year=1995| url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1995P%26SS...43.1517P|doi=10.1016/0032-0633(95)00061-5}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| min_temp_1 = 
| mean_temp_1 = 76&amp;nbsp;[[кельвин|K]]
| max_temp_1 = 
| temp_name2 = 0.1&amp;nbsp;бар &lt;br /&gt;([[троропауз]])&lt;ref name=Lunine1993&gt;{{cite journal|title=The Atmospheres of Uranus and Neptune|last=Lunine|first=Jonathan. I.|journal = Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=31|pages=217–263|year=1993|doi=10.1146/annurev.aa.31.090193.001245| url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993ARA%26A..31..217L}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| min_temp_2 = 49&amp;nbsp;K
| mean_temp_2 = 53&amp;nbsp;K
| max_temp_2 = 57&amp;nbsp;K
| atmosphere = yes
| atmosphere_ref =
&lt;ref name=Lunine1993/&gt;&lt;ref name=Lindal1987&gt;{{cite journal|last=Lindal|first=G.F.|coauthors=Lyons, J.R.; Sweetnam, D.N.; et al.|title=The Atmosphere of Uranus: Results of Radio Occultation Measurements with Voyager 2 |journal=J. Of Geophys. Res.|volume=92|pages=14,987–15,001|year=1987|url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987JGR....9214987L|doi=10.1029/JA092iA13p14987}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Conrath1987&gt;{{cite journal|author=B. Conrath ''et al.''|title=The helium abundance of Uranus from Voyager measurements|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research|volume=92|pages=15003–15010|yar=1987|url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987JGR....9215003C|doi=10.1029/JA092iA13p15003|year=1987}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| scale_height = 27.7&amp;nbsp;км&lt;ref name=&quot;fact&quot;/&gt;
| atmosphere_composition = ''(1.3&amp;nbsp;бараас доош)''
&lt;table&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
83&amp;nbsp;±&amp;nbsp;3%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;[[Уһантүрэгшэ]] (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;)
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
15&amp;nbsp;±&amp;nbsp;3%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;[[Гели]]
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
2.3%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;[[Метан]]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
0.009%&lt;br /&gt;(0.007–0.015%)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;[[Уһантүрэгшэтэй детрит]]&amp;nbsp;(HD)&lt;ref name=Feuchtgruber1999&gt;{{cite journal|last=Feuchtgruber|first=H.|coauthors=Lellouch, E.; B. Bezard; et al.|title=Detection of HD in the atmospheres of Uranus and Neptune: a new determination of the D/H ratio|year=1999|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=341|pages=L17–L21|url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999A%26A...341L..17F}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
'''Мүльһэнүүд''':&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;[[Аммон]]
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;[[ус]]
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;[[аммоной гидросульфид]]&amp;nbsp;(NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;SH)
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;[[метан]]&amp;nbsp;(CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;)
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
}}
'''Тэнгэриин ван''' ({{lang-zho|天王星}} «Тэнгэриин ван одон»; тэмдэг: [[File:Uranus symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|⛢]]) — [[наранай аймаг]]ай гурбандахи томо, дүрбэдэхи хүндэ, наранһаа тоолобол долоодохи [[гараг]] юм. Тухайн гарагынь эртэ үедэ мэдэгдэжэ байһан 5 гарагтай эжэлээр ил нүдэндэ харагдахашье тодо буса байдал, удаан орбитоһоо шалтагаалжа гарагта тоосогдодоггүй байба.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=MIRA's Field Trips to the Stars Internet Education Program|work=Monterey Institute for Research in Astronomy|url=http://www.mira.org/fts0/planets/101/text/txt001x.htm|accessdate=2007-08-27}}&lt;/ref&gt; 1781 оной 3 һарын 12-ндо Ноён [[Уильям Хершель]] тэнгэриин ванг нээһэные мэдэгдэжэ оршон үеын түүхэндэ наранай аймагай мэдэгдэхэ хилэ хизгаарые ехэдхэһэн анханай тохёолдол боложо байба. Үүнһээ гадна энэнь [[дуран абай]]гаар олдоһон анханай гараг байгаа.

Тэнгэриин вангиинь бүтэсээрээ [[Далайн ван]]гтай түһэтэй болоод бусад хиин гараг [[Пүрбэ (гараг)|Пүрбэ]], [[Бямба (гараг)|Бямба]] илгаатай тула {{одон орон шудал}}аашад заримдаа &quot;[[мүльһэн гараг]]ууд&quot; хэмээн ангилдаг. Атмосферань [[Пүрбэ (гараг)|Пүрбэ]], [[Бямба (гараг)|Бямбатай]] эжэл [[уһантүрэгшэ]], [[гели]]һээ ехэнхидээ тогтохошье бага бусалха температуратай бодос ([[уһан]], [[аммони]], [[метан]], маша бага хэмжээнэй [[нүүрһэнуһантүрэгшэ]]д) ехэтэйгээрээ онсолиг.&lt;ref name=Lunine1993/&gt; наранай аймаг дахи хамагай хүйтэн атмосфератай; хамагай бага темперутурань 49&amp;nbsp;[[кельвин|K]] (−224&amp;nbsp;[[Цельси|°C]]). Маша нарин, дабхараануудтай үүлэн бүтэсэтэй болоод хамагай дооронь уһан, хамагай дээдэ дабхараае метан эзлэдэг хэмээн үзэжэ байна.&lt;ref name=Lunine1993/&gt; Тэнгэриин вангай сүм хэһэгые мүльһэн, шулуулигһаа тогдог гэжэ үзэдэг.&lt;ref name=Podolak1995/&gt;

Тэнгэриин вангиинь [[сахаригай системэ]], [[суранзан мандал]], маша олон дахуултайгаар бусад [[хии]]н гарагуудтай эжэл. Эргэхэ тэнхэлигынь нарые тойрохо хабтанда бараг хүрдэгээрээ бусад гарагһаа илгаатай. Иинхүү [[туйл]]уудынь бусад гарагай [[экватор]] байрлаха газар оршом оршоно.&lt;ref name=Smith1986&gt;{{cite journal|last= Smith|first=B.A.|coauthors=Soderblom, L.A.; Beebe, A.; et al. |title=Voyager 2 in the Uranian System: Imaging Science Results|journal=Science|volume=233|pages=97–102| year=1986|url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986Sci...233...43S |doi=10.1126/science.233.4759.43 |pmid=17812889}}&lt;/ref&gt; 1986 ондо Вояджер 2 сансарай хүлэгһөө абаһан зурагаар тэнгэриин ваниинь [[үзэгдэхэ сасарал|үзэгдэхэ гэрэлээр]] онсолиг үзэмжэгүй гараг болохонь харагдаба.&lt;ref name=Smith1986/&gt; Харин һүүлшын жэлнүүдтэ дэлхэйһээ ажаглахад экваторэйхинь яг дээрэ наран оршохо сэг ойротход уларилай өөршэлэлтэ, саг агаарай үзэгдэл ехэдэжэ байе ажаглаһан. Тэнгэриин ван дээрэхи һалхинай хурданиинь 250 м/с-д хүрэнэ. (900&amp;nbsp;км/цаг).&lt;ref name=Sromovsky2005&gt;{{cite journal|last=Sromovsky|first=L.A.|coauthors=Fry, P.M.|title=Dynamics of cloud features on Uranus|journal=Icarus|volume=179|pages=459–483|year=2005| doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2005.07.022|url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005Icar..179..459S}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Тэнгэриин вангай англи нэрэ ''Uranus'' [[Грекай бурхад|эртэнэй Грекай тэнгэриин бурхан]] [[Уран (бурхан)|Уранай]] нэрээр нэрэлэгдэһэн. ({{lang-grc|[[wikt:οὐρανός#Ancient Greek|Οὐρανός]]}})

== Зүүлтэ ==
{{зүүлтэ}}

== Гадаад холбоос ==
{{commons|Uranus}}
* [http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/press-rel/pr-2007/phot-37-07.html Edge On! ESO Press Release] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080222061335/http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/press-rel/pr-2007/phot-37-07.html |date=2008-02-22 }}
* [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/uranusfact.html NASA's Uranus fact sheet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110804224710/http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/uranusfact.html |date=2011-08-04 }}
* [http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Uranus Uranus Profile] by [http://solarsystem.nasa.gov NASA's Solar System Exploration]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20041118145738/http://www2.keck.hawaii.edu/news/science/uranus/ Keck pictures of Uranus show best view from the ground] — Press release with some photographs showing rings, satellites and clouds
* News reports of December 22, 2005 rings and moons discovery
** [http://space.com/scienceastronomy/051222_uranus.html New Moons and Rings found at Uranus]'', [[SPACE.com]]
** [https://web.archive.org/web/20071116162625/http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/10574903/ Two more rings discovered around Uranus]'', [[MSNBC]]
* [http://www.projectshum.org/Planets/uranus.html Planets—Uranus] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011210547/http://www.projectshum.org/Planets/uranus.html |date=2007-10-11 }} A kid's guide to Uranus.
* [http://skytonight.com/news/4435217.html Spring Has Sprung on Uranus] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090106220803/http://skytonight.com/news/4435217.html |date=2009-01-06 }}
* [http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/targetFamily/Uranus Uranus] at [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]'s planetary photojournal.
* [http://www.astronomycast.com/astronomy/episode-62-uranus/ Uranus (Astronomy Cast homepage)]

{{Наранай аймаг}}
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  <page>
    <title>Эс</title>
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      <text bytes="5800" sha1="m960foyjdrpsqnawjuuxmgzqwa4yh2d" xml:space="preserve">[[Файл:Wilson1900Fig2.jpg|thumb|right|300px|[[Һонгино]] [[ургамал]]ай эснүүд]]
'''Эс''' (мүн '''клеткэ''', [[Лата хэлэн|латаар]] ''cella'', заахан таһалга гэһэн удхатай) — [[амидарал|амиды]] [[махабад]]ай бүридүүлэгшэ үндэһэн, хамагай бага нэгжэ (единицэ) гээшэ&lt;ref name=&quot;Alberts2002&quot;&gt;[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Search&amp;db=books&amp;doptcmdl=GenBookHL&amp;term=Cell+Movements+and+the+Shaping+of+the+Vertebrate+Body+AND+mboc4%5Bbook%5D+AND+374635%5Buid%5D&amp;rid=mboc4.section.3919 Cell Movements and the Shaping of the Vertebrate Body] in Chapter 21 of ''[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Search&amp;db=books&amp;doptcmdl=GenBookHL&amp;term=cell+biology+AND+mboc4%5Bbook%5D+AND+373693%5Buid%5D&amp;rid=mboc4 Molecular Biology of the Cell] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140107042548/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books?cmd=Search&amp;doptcmdl=GenBookHL&amp;term=cell%20biology%20AND%20mboc4%5Bbook%5D%20AND%20373693%5Buid%5D&amp;rid=mboc4 |date=2014-01-07 }}'' fourth edition, edited by Bruce Alberts (2002) published by Garland Science.&lt;br /&gt; The Alberts text discusses how the &quot;cellular building blocks&quot; move to shape developing [[Embryo|embryos]]. It is also common to describe small molecules such as [[Amino acid|amino acids]] as &quot;[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Search&amp;db=books&amp;doptcmdl=GenBookHL&amp;term=%22all+cells%22+AND+mboc4%5Bbook%5D+AND+372023%5Buid%5D&amp;rid=mboc4.section.4#23 molecular building blocks]&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;. Зариман [[организм]] жэшээлбэл [[бактери]]нь нэгэ эсһээ тогтоно. Бусад организмууд олон эстэй организм юм (жэшээлбэл, [[хүн]] 100 [[ехэ наяд]] гү, али 10&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt; эстэй болоод нэгэ эс ойролсоогоор 10&amp;nbsp;[[метр|µм]] хэмжээтэй, 1&amp;nbsp;[[килограмм|нанограмм]] шэгнүүртэ). 

== Досоохи үйлэ ажаллалга ==
Эсэй дотоодо үйлэ ажалалгаа үшөөл һонирхолтой байна. Тодорхойлходо, эсэй энергиин үйлэдбэрилэл ба эсэй доторхи бодосуудые дамжуулха, бодосуудай задарха ба синтезэй урбалнууд, эсэй доторхи бодосуудай хуримталха механизмууд анхаарал татаха түбтэ байна. Эсэй бодосуудай эргэлтэ хэзээшье һанамсаргүй болодоггүй, харин гайхалтай эмхитэй, дараалан болодог, эгээл бага үнэ сэнтэйгээр эгээл ехэ юумэ бүтээдэг. Өөрөөр хэлэбэл, эсэй биомолекулануудай дунда тэдэнэй үйлэ ажаллалгые зохисуулдаг “хуулиин эрхэ” бии. Жэшээнь, эдеэ хоолоороо абаһан уураг бодосууднай хэзээшье адли түхэлөөр шэнгэдэггүй. Нэгэдэхеэр, тэдэ аминохүшэлэй эгээл бага бүтэсэтэй нэгэдэлнүүдтэ хубаагдана. Эдэ аминохүшэлнүүдһээ бэедэ хэрэгтэй шэнэ уурагнууд бии болодог. Өөрөөр хэлэбэл, томо молекуланууд бага молекулануудһаа бии болодог. Хэрэгтэй һаа, тэдэниие макроструктура болгон хубилгаха аргатай.

Ямаршье хүдэлөөндэ шухала зүйлнүүдэй нэгэн хадаа эршэ хүсэнэй эхи һэн. Эс өөрөө термодинамикын системэ тула гадаада оршонтойгоо бодос ба энергиие байнга солилсодог нээлтэтэй системэ юм. Иимэ харилсаанай үгы һаа, эсэй амидарал тухай хэлэхэ аргагүй байгаа. Эс гадаада оршонһоо абаһан бодосуудые химиин энерги болгон хубилгадаг ба энэнь эсэй дотоодо үйлэ ажалалгаа, молекулын дамжуулга, булшархайн үйлэ ажаллалгые хангадаг химиин урбалнуудай үйлэ ябасада гаргашалагдадаг. Тиимэһээ эсые «химиин мотор» гэжэ нэрлэжэ болоно. Наранай эршэм хүсэнһөө бусад бүхы хэрэгтэй эршэм хүсэн биомакромолекулануудһаа бии болодог. Өөрөөр хэлэбэл, биомолекулануудай задаралаар ехэ хэмжээнэй энерги гарадаг. Жэшээнь, глюкоза нүүрһэнтүрэгшын диоксид ба уһан боложо задархада, гаргагдаһан энергинь хадагалагдажа, хэрэгтэй үедэ хэрэглэгдэдэг. Энергиин энэ хадагалалгада эгээн шухала үүргэ аденозинтрифосфат (АТФ) гэжэ молекула гүйсэдхэнэ. Хадагалагдаһан энергиие хэрэглэхэдээ АТФ нэгэ фосфор алдажа хоёр фосфорой хүшэлтүрэгшэ боложо хубилдаг, энэнь дараа нь нэгэ фосфорой хүшэлтүрэгшэ болодог.

== Зүүлтэ ==
{{зүүлтэ}}

{{1000 үгүүлэл}}

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    <title>Америкын эрхэтэнэй дайн</title>
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      <text bytes="18046" sha1="2tg13t8rnqtz9q99ea4ru70zz9ngkwa" xml:space="preserve">{{Дайн
   |image    = [[Файл:American Civil War Montage 2.jpg|300px]]
   |caption  = Зүүн дээдэ: [[Уильям Роузкранс|Роузкранс]] [[Теннесси]]ин [[Стоунз голой байлдаан]]ай үедэ; баруун дээдэ: [[Геттисбургын байлдаан|Геттисбургта]] олзологдоһон Холбооной уласай сэрэгүүд; дооро: [[Арканзас]]ай [[Форт Хиндмэнэй байлдаан]]
   |conflict = Америкын эрхэтэнэй дайн
   |partof   =
   |date     = 1861 оной 4-р һарын 12 - 1865 оной 4-р һарын 9 (һүүлшын байлдаан 1865 оной 5-р һарын 13-нда дүүргэһэн)
   |place    = Голдуу [[АНУ]]-ай урда хэһэгээр
   |result   = [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас|Нэгэдэһэн Уласай]] илалта; [[АНУ-ай һэргээн босхолтын эрэ|Һэргээн босхолто]]; АНУ-да [[богоолшолго]] усадхаһан
   |combatant1  = &lt;center&gt;[[Файл:U.S. flag, 34 stars.svg|30px|border]] [[АНУ|Нэгэдэһэн Улас]] 
   |combatant2  = &lt;center&gt;[[Файл:Flag of the Confederate States of America (March 4, 1865).svg|30px|border]] [[Америкын Холбооной Улас]]
   |commander1  = {{flagicon|АНУ|1861}} [[Авраам Линкольн]] †&lt;br /&gt;{{flagicon|АНУ|1861}} [[Улисс Грант]]&lt;br /&gt;
{{flagicon|АНУ|1861}} [[Уильям Шерман]]&lt;br /&gt;{{flagicon|АНУ|1861}} [[Уинфилд Скотт]]&lt;br /&gt;{{flagicon|АНУ|1861}} [[Джордж Макклелан]]&lt;br /&gt;{{flagicon|АНУ|1861}} [[Генри Халлек]]
   |commander2  =[[Файл:Flag of the Confederate States of America (March 4, 1865).svg|25px|border]] [[Джефферсон Дэвис]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Файл:Flag of the Confederate States of America (March 4, 1865).svg|25px|border]] [[Роберт Ли]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Файл:Flag of the Confederate States of America (March 4, 1865).svg|25px|border]] [[Пьер Борегар]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Файл:Flag of the Confederate States of America (March 4, 1865).svg|25px|border]] [[Джозеф Джонстон]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Файл:Flag of the Confederate States of America (March 4, 1865).svg|25px|border]] [[Томас Джексон]] †
   |strength1   = 2,200,000
   |strength2   = 1,064,000
   |casualties1 = 110,000 хүн байлдаанда ами үригдэһэн&lt;br /&gt;ниитэ 360,000 хүн ами үригдэһэн&lt;br /&gt;275,200 хүн шархадаһан
   |casualties2 = 93,000 хүн байлдаанда ами үригдэһэн&lt;br /&gt;ниитэ 260,000 хүн ами үригдэһэн&lt;br /&gt;137,000+ хүн шархадаһан
}}

'''Америкын эрхэтэнэй дайн''' (1861–1865), мүн ''эргэнэй дайн'' [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас]]та гараһан [[эрхэтэнэй дайн]] юм. Үмэнын богоолшолгые усадхаагүй 11 можо улас АНУ-һаа һалан тусгаарлажа [[Америкын Холбооной Улас]] байгуулһанаа зарлаба. Тэдэ [[Джефферсон Дэвис]]ээр ударидуулан АНУ-ай холбооной [[засагай газар]]да эсэргүү (&quot;[[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас|Нэгэдэһэн Улас]]&quot;) тулалдаһан болоод холбооной засагай газарые бүхы сүлөөтэ можо уласууд болон хилын богоолшолго бүхы табан можо улас дэмжэжэ байба.

== Түүхэ ==
1860 оной АНУ-ай Юрэнхылэгшын [[һунгуули]]да [[Авраам Линкольн]]оор ударидуулһан [[Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Нам]] богоолшолгые одоо байгаа можо уласуудһаа сааша дэлгэрүүлхэдэ эсэргүү һунгуулиин кампанитай ажалаа үрнүүлһэн. Энэ һунгуулида Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Нам илаһанай дараа Линкольниие 1861 оной 3-р һарын 4-ндэ албаа хүлеэжэ абахаһаа үмэнэ Үмэнын 7 можо улас Нэгэдэһэн Уласһаа һалаһанаа тунхаглаба. Засагай эрхээ үгэжэ, абалсажа байгаа таланууд хоюулаа энэ һалан тусгаарлалтые Нэгдэһэн Уласта эсэргүү босоһон хэрэг гэжэ үзэбэ.

1861 оной 4-р һарын 12-нд Холбооной сэрэгэй хүсэн [[Үмэнэ Каролина|Үмэнэ Каролинын]] [[Форт Самтерэй байлдаан|Форт Самтер дахи]] АНУ-ай [[сэрэгэй бааза]] руу добтолһоноор дайн эхилбэ. Энэнэй харюуда Линкольн можо улас бүриһөө һайн дурын арми бүридүүлхые уряалаа. Энэ уряалгын харинууд Үмэнын богоолшолго бүхы дүрбэн можо улас һалан тусгаарлаһанаа мэдэгдэбэ. Дайнай эхин үедэ Нэгэдэһэн уласай хүсэн хилын можо уласуудые хиналтадаа абажа, Нэгэдэһэн уласай хориглолтые байгуулха үедэ хоёр тала армяа бүридүүлбэ. 1862 оной 9-р һарада Линкольн [[богоолшолгоһоо сүлөөлхэ тунхаг]] гаргаһанаар Урдада богоолшолгые усадхахые дайнай зорилго болгоһон болоод Британишуудые оролсохоһоо түдгэлзэхэдэ хүргэһэн. Холбооной хүсэнэй командовалагша [[Роберт Ли]] зүүн зүгтэ байлдаанда илажа байһан болобошье 1863 ондо тэрэнэй хойто зүгтэ хэһэн дабшалта [[Геттисбургын байлдаан|Геттисбургта]] нисаагдажа, баруун зүгтэ Нэгэдэһэн уласай хүсэн [[Виксбургын бүһэлэлтэ|Виксбургын байлдаан]]аар [[Миссисипи мүрэн]]иие эзэлэн абажа, Холбооной хүсэниие хоёр хэһэгтэ таһадаба. Удаан хугасаанай турша Нэгэдэһэн улас хүн хүсэн, материал хэрэгсэлээр үлүү хангагдажа байһанай ашаар 1864 ондо [[Улисс Грант]] Литэй [[Оувэрлэндын кампани|хүсэнииень бараха байлдаан]] хэжэ байха үедэ, Нэгэдэһэн уласай генерал [[Уильям Шерман]] [[Джорджи]] можо уласай [[Атланта]] хотые эзэлжэ, далай хүрэтэр давшаба. 1865 оной 4-р һарын 9-нд Ли Аппоматтокс шүүхын байрада Грантда буужа үгэһэнөөр Холбооной хүсэнэй эсэргүүсэл нуран унаба.

Америкын эрхэтэнэй дайн АНУ-ай түүхэдэ хамагай ехэ шуһа урасгаһан дайн болоһон болоод ниитэ 620,000 сэрэг амяа алдажа, тодорхойгүй тооной энгын эрхэтэд алагдаһан юм. Дайнай үрэ дүндэ АНУ-да богоолшолгые усадхажа, Нэгэдэһэн уласые һэргээн байгуулжа, холбооной засагай газарай үүргые бэхэжүүлһэн. Америкын эрхэтэнэй дайнай [[ниигэм]], [[улас түрэ]], [[эдэй засаг]], арһа үнгын асуудал [[АНУ-ай һэргээн босхолтын үе]]э хэлбэрижүүлһэн болоод XXI зуундашье нүлөөлэлөө үзүүлһээр байна.

== Мүн үзэхэ ==
* [[Россиин эрхэтэнэй дайн]]

== Зүүлтэ ==
{{зүүлтэ}}

{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}

;Тойм
&lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;
* Beringer, Richard E., Archer Jones, and Herman Hattaway, ''Why the South Lost the Civil War'' (1986) influential analysis of factors; ''The Elements of Confederate Defeat: Nationalism, War Aims, and Religion'' (1988), abridged version
* [[Bruce Catton|Catton, Bruce]], ''The Civil War'', American Heritage, 1960, ISBN 0-8281-0305-4, illustrated narrative
* Davis, William C. ''The Imperiled Union, 1861–1865'' 3v (1983)
* Donald, David ''et al. The Civil War and Reconstruction'' (latest edition 2001); 700 page survey
* Eicher, David J., ''The Longest Night: A Military History of the Civil War'', (2001), ISBN 0-684-84944-5.
* Fellman, Michael ''et al. This Terrible War: The Civil War and its Aftermath'' (2nd ed. 2007), 544 page survey
* [[Shelby Foote|Foote, Shelby]]. ''[[The Civil War: A Narrative]]'' (3 volumes), (1974), ISBN 0-394-74913-8. Highly detailed military narrative covering all fronts
* [[James M. McPherson|McPherson, James M.]] ''Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era'' (1988), 900 page survey of all aspects of the war; Pulitzer prize
* [[James M. McPherson]]. ''Ordeal By Fire: The Civil War and Reconstruction'' (2nd ed 1992), textbook
* [[Allan Nevins|Nevins, Allan]]. ''[[Ordeal of the Union]]'', an 8-volume set (1947–1971). the most detailed political, economic and military narrative; by Pulitzer Prize winner
** 1. Fruits of Manifest Destiny, 1847–1852; 2. A House Dividing, 1852–1857; 3. Douglas, Buchanan, and Party Chaos, 1857–1859; 4. Prologue to Civil War, 1859–1861; 5. The Improvised War, 1861–1862; 6. War Becomes Revolution, 1862–1863; 7. The Organized War, 1863–1864; 8. The Organized War to Victory, 1864–1865
* Rhodes, James Ford. [http://www.bartleby.com/252/ ''History of the Civil War, 1861–1865 (1918)], Pulitzer Prize; a short version of his 5-volume history
* Ward, Geoffrey C. ''The Civil War'' (1990), based on PBS series by [[Ken Burns]]; visual emphasis
* Weigley, Russell Frank. ''A Great Civil War: A Military and Political History, 1861–1865'' (2004); primarily military&lt;/div&gt;

;Лавлах ном
&lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;
* Blair, Jayne E. ''The Essential Civil War: A Handbook to the Battles, Armies, Navies And Commanders'' (2006)
* Carter, Alice E. and Richard Jensen. ''The Civil War on the Web: A Guide to the Very Best Sites-'' 2nd ed. (2003)
* Current, Richard N., ''et al.'' eds. ''Encyclopedia of the Confederacy'' (1993) (4 Volume set; also 1 vol abridged version) (ISBN 0-13-275991-8)
* Faust, Patricia L. (ed.) ''Historical Times Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Civil War'' (1986) (ISBN 0-06-181261-7) 2000 short entries
* Esposito, Vincent J., ''West Point Atlas of American Wars'' online edition 1995
* Heidler, David Stephen, ed. ''Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History'' (2002), 1600 entries in 2700 pages in 5 vol or 1-vol editions
* Resch, John P. ''et al.'', ''Americans at War: Society, Culture and the Homefront vol 2: 1816–1900'' (2005)
* Tulloch, Hugh. ''The Debate on the American Civil War Era'' (1999), historiography
* Wagner, Margaret E. Gary W. Gallagher, and Paul Finkelman, eds. ''The Library of Congress Civil War Desk Reference'' (2002)
* Woodworth, Steven E. ed. ''American Civil War: A Handbook of Literature and Research'' (1996) (ISBN 0-313-29019-9), 750 pages of historiography and bibliography [http://www.questia.com/read/14877569?title=The%20American%20Civil%20War%3a%20A%20Handbook%20of%20Literature%20and%20Research online edition]&lt;/div&gt;

{{col-break}}

;Намтрууд
&lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;
* ''American National Biography'' 24 vol (1999), essays by scholars on all major figures; [http://www.anb.org/aboutanb.html online and hardcover editions at many libraries]
* McHenry, Robert ed. ''Webster's American Military Biographies'' (1978)
* Warner, Ezra J., ''Generals in Blue: Lives of the Union Commanders'', (1964), ISBN 0-8071-0822-7
* Warner, Ezra J., ''Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders'', (1959), ISBN 0-8071-0823-5&lt;/div&gt;

;Цэргүүд
&lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;
* Berlin, Ira, et al, eds. ''Freedom's Soldiers: The Black Military Experience in the Civil War'' (1998)
* Hess, Earl J. ''The Union Soldier in Battle: Enduring the Ordeal of Combat'' (1997)
* McPherson, James. ''For Cause and Comrades: Why Men Fought in the Civil War '' (1998)
* Wiley, Bell Irvin. ''The Life of Johnny Reb: The Common Soldier of the Confederacy'' (1962) (ISBN 0-8071-0475-2)
* Wiley, Bell Irvin. ''Life of Billy Yank: The Common Soldier of the Union'' (1952) (ISBN 0-8071-0476-0)&lt;/div&gt;

;Анхдагч эх сурвалж
&lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;
* Commager, Henry Steele (ed.). ''The Blue and the Gray. The Story of the Civil War as Told by Participants.'' (1950), excerpts from primary sources
* Hesseltine, William B. ed.; ''The Tragic Conflict: The Civil War and Reconstruction'' (1962), excerpts from primary sources&lt;/div&gt;
{{col-end}}

== Гадаада холбооһон ==
* [http://www.historicalpreservation.org/civilwar/ohio/ Ohio in the Civil War Archive: Collaborative research archive] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081104071442/http://historicalpreservation.org/civilwar/ohio/ |date=2008-11-04 }}
* [http://sunsite.utk.edu/civil-war/reasons.html Declarations of Causes of Secession]
* [http://teachingamericanhistory.org/library/index.asp?documentprint=76 Alexander Stephens' Cornerstone Speech]
* [http://www.civilwarhome.com/lincolntroops.htm Lincoln's Call for Troops]
* [http://www.civil-war.net The Civil War Home Page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080102180529/http://www.civil-war.net/ |date=2008-01-02 }}
* [http://www.archives.gov/research/civil-war/photos/index.html Civil War photos] at the [[National Archives and Records Administration|National Archives]]
* [http://www.virginia.org/site/features.asp?FeatureID=198 Civil War in Virginia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090115145808/http://www.virginia.org/site/features.asp?FeatureID=198 |date=2009-01-15 }}
* [http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/books-title.htm Online texts of Civil War books] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070610122246/http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/books-title.htm |date=2007-06-10 }} at the [[National Park Service]]
* [http://sunsite.utk.edu/civil-war/generals.html University of Tennessee: U.S. Civil War Generals]
* [http://www.pbs.org/civilwar ''The Civil War''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081024053430/http://www.pbs.org/civilwar/ |date=2008-10-24 }}, a [[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]] documentary by [[Ken Burns]]
* Individual state's contributions to the Civil War: [http://www.militarymuseum.org/HistoryCW.html California], [http://www.floridamemory.com/OnlineClassroom/FloridaCivilWar/index.cfm Florida], [http://www.illinoiscivilwar.org/ Illinois #1] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081112010121/http://www.illinoiscivilwar.org/ |date=2008-11-12 }}, [http://www.rootsweb.com/~ilcivilw/ Illinois #2], [http://www.ohiocivilwar.com/ Ohio], [http://www.pacivilwar.com/ Pennsylvania]
* [http://www.dcmemorials.com/index_civ.htm Civil War Memorials in &amp; around D.C.] (with photos)
* [http://www.vlib.us/eras/civil_war.html WWW-VL: History: USA Civil War 1855-1865]
* [http://www.civilwar.org Civil War Preservation Trust]
* [http://www.civil-war-journeys.org Description and Pictures of Civil War Battlefields] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026023712/http://www.civil-war-journeys.org/ |date=2020-10-26 }} Over 2,100 pictures from Civil War sites
* [http://www.gettysburg.edu/library/gettdigital/civil_war/civilwar.htm Civil War Era Digital Collection at Gettysburg College] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090811064152/http://www.gettysburg.edu/library/gettdigital/civil_war/civilwar.htm |date=2009-08-11 }} This collection contains digital images of political cartoons, personal papers, pamphlets, maps, paintings and photographs from the Civil War Era held in Special Collections at Gettysburg College.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070703201217/http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/73morgan/73morgan.htm ''”Fort Morgan and the Battle of Mobile Bay”'', a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070626221653/http://www.nps.gov/history/NR/TWHP/wwwlps/lessons/70prairie/70prairie.htm ''”Battle of Prairie Grove: Civilian Recollections of the Civil War”'', a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140903021112/http://www.nps.gov/history/NR/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/11andersonville/11andersonville.htm ''“Andersonville: Prisoner of War Camp”'', a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan]
* [http://www.brettschulte.net/CWBlog TOCWOC Civil War Blog] A group Civil War blog consisting of informed amateurs.
* [http://cwba.blogspot.com/ Civil War Books and Authors Blog] A Civil War blog focusing mainly on book reviews.
* [http://cwbn.blogspot.com/ Civil War Bookshelf] American Civil War historiography and publishing blogged daily by Dimitri Rotov.
* [http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1429 American Civil War in Alabama, Encyclopedia of Alabama] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101027121919/http://encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1429 |date=2010-10-27 }}
* [http://battleofolustee.org/uniforms/uniforms.html U.S. Civil War Era Uniforms and Accouterments]

{{1000 үгүүлэл}}

[[Категори:АНУ-ай түүхэ]]
[[Категори:Дайнууд]]</text>
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    <title>Айдахо</title>
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      <text bytes="6022" sha1="l382gmay9r15a011t2ruk8sc6j9jz4m" xml:space="preserve">{{Улас орон
 |буряад_нэрэ                 = Айдахо можо улас
 |уугуул_нэрэ             = State of Idaho
 |статус                   = [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас#Холбооной тогтолсоо: можо уласууд болон орон нютагууд|АНУ-ай можо улас]]
 |дуулал                     = ''Here We Have Idaho''&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;''&quot;Эндэ Айдахомнай&quot;''&lt;/small&gt;
 |туг                     = Flag of Idaho.svg
 |тугай_бэшэлгэ           = Далбаа
 |һүлдэ                     = Seal of Idaho.svg
 |һүлдын_бэшэлгэ           = Улсын тамга
 |газарай_зураг                    = Map_of_USA_ID.svg
 |хэмжээ                   = 
 |бэшэлгэ                 = [[АНУ]]-да Айдахогой байра
 |уряа                    = ''Esto Perpetua''&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;''&quot;Мүнхэдөө байха&quot;''&lt;/small&gt;
 |ниислэл                  = [[Бойсе]]
 |хэлэн                     = [[Англи хэлэн|Англи]]
 |тэргүүнэй_тушаал1     = Амбан захирагша
 |тэргүүн1  = Бутч Оттер
 |тэргүүнэй_тушаал2     = Дэд захирагша
 |тэргүүн2  = Брэд Литтл
 |газар_нютаг                  = 216 632 км² 
 |уһанай_хуби                  = 2123 км² (0,98 %) 
 |хүн_ама                = {{increase}} 1 584 985 (2011)&lt;ref&gt;http://www.census.gov/popest/states/NST-ann-est.html 2007 Population Estimates&lt;/ref&gt;
 |дополнительный_параметр  = Можо улас болоһон үдэр
 |содержимое_параметра     = 1890 оной 7 һарын 3 (43-дахи)
}}
'''Айдахо можо улас''' ({{lang-en|State of Idaho}}) — [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас]]ай Баруун Хойто Номгон Далайн бүһэ нютаг оршодог можо улас юм. Тус можо уласай эгээн томо хото болон ниислэлынь [[Бойсе]] хото. Айдахонь 1890 оной долодугаар һарын 3-нда АНУ-ай 43-дахи можо улас болон нэгэдэһэн.  

АНУ-ай хүн зоной тоололгын тобшооной мэдээлэлээр 2007 ондо тус можо уласай хүн зон 1,499,402 байгаа. Можо уласай шуудангай тобшолол '''ID'''. Айдахонь тус можо уласта байгаалиин баялиг ехэтэй тула '''Эрдэниин шулуун можо улас''' гэһэн нэрэтэй болоо. Можо уласай уряань '''Esto Perpetua''' ([[Латин хэлэн|латинаар]] &quot;Энэ үүрдэ байг&quot; гэһэн үгэ).

== Газар зүй ==
&lt;center&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;60%&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!colspan=&quot;3&quot;|Хүршэ засаг захиргаанай нэгэжэ
|-
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Баруун-хойто:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of Washington.svg|20px]] [[Вашингтон (можо улас)|Вашингтон]]
| width=&quot;30%&quot; | ''Хойто:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of British Columbia.svg|20px]] [[Британиин Колумби]] ([[File:Flag of Canada.svg|20px]] [[Канада]])
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Зүүн-хойто:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of Montana.svg|20px]] [[Монтана]]
|-
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Баруун:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of Oregon.svg|20px]] [[Орегон]]
| width=&quot;30%&quot; | [[Файл:Brosen windrose.svg|50px]]
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Зүүн:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of Wyoming.svg|20px]] [[Вайоминг]]
|-
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Баруун-урда''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of Nevada.svg|20px]] [[Невада]]
| width=&quot;30%&quot; | ''Урда:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of Utah.svg|20px]] [[Юта]]
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Зүүн-урда:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of Utah.svg |20px]] [[Юта]]{{*}}[[File:Flag of Wyoming.svg|20px]] [[Вайоминг]]
|}&lt;/center&gt;
== Зүүлтэ ==
{{зүүлтэ}}

== Холбооһон ==
* [http://www.idaho.gov/ State of Idaho government website]
* [http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/state/state_energy_profiles.cfm?sid=ID Energy Profile for Idaho]
* [http://www.parksandrecreation.idaho.gov/ Idaho Department of Parks and Recreation]
* [http://www.usnewspapers.org/state/idaho Idaho Newspapers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120620062930/http://www.usnewspapers.org/state/idaho/ |date=2012-06-20 }}
* [http://wikis.ala.org/godort/index.php/Idaho Idaho State Databases] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080515221248/http://wikis.ala.org/godort/index.php/Idaho |date=2008-05-15 }} - Annotated list of searchable databases produced by Idaho state agencies and compiled by the Government Documents Roundtable of the American Library Association.
* [http://www.ers.usda.gov/StateFacts/ID.htm Idaho State Facts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120622031802/http://www.ers.usda.gov/StateFacts/ID.HTM |date=2012-06-22 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140713221628/http://www.nps.gov/history/NR/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/4logcabins/4logcabins.htm Log Cabins in America: The Finnish Experience, a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan]
* [http://gov.idaho.gov/fyi/history/history_index.html The History of Idaho] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080509090534/http://gov.idaho.gov/fyi/history/history_index.html |date=2008-05-09 }}
* [http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/16000.html U.S. Census Bureau] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120611033538/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/16000.html |date=2012-06-11 }}
* [http://www.usgs.gov/state/state.asp?State=ID USGS real-time, geographic, and other scientific resources of Idaho]
* [http://www.visitid.org/ Visit Idaho site]

{{АНУ-ай засаг захиргаанай нэгэжэ}}

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      <text bytes="8297" sha1="7ndy244pzx7kdrfwtl30yuakxegpqkn" xml:space="preserve">{{Улас орон
 |буряад_нэрэ                 = Аризона можо улас
 |уугуул_нэрэ             = State of Alaska
 |статус                   = [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас#Холбооной тогтолсоо: можо уласууд болон орон нютагууд|АНУ-ай можо улас]]
 |дуулал                     = 
 |туг                     = Flag of Arizona.svg
 |тугай_бэшэлгэ           = Далбаа
 |һүлдэ                     = Seal of Arizona.svg
 |һүлдын_бэшэлгэ           = Уласай тамга
 |газарай_зураг                    = Map_of_USA_AZ.svg
 |хэмжээ                   = 
 |бэшэлгэ                 = [[АНУ]]-да Аризонын байра
 |уряа                    = ''Ditat Deus''&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;''Бурхан баяжуулна''&lt;/small&gt;
 |ниислэл                  = [[Финикс]]
 |хэлэн                     = [[Англи хэлэн|Англи]]
 |тэргүүнэй_тушаал1     = Амбан захирагша
 |тэргүүн1  = Джейн Брюэр
 |тэргүүнэй_тушаал2     = 
 |тэргүүн2  =
 |газар_нютаг                  = 295&amp;nbsp;254 км² 
 |уһанай_хуби                  = 0,32% 
 |хүн_ама                = 6 482 505 (2012)&lt;ref&gt;http://www.census.gov/popest/states/NST-ann-est.html 2007 Population Estimates&lt;/ref&gt;
 |дополнительный_параметр  = Можо улас болоһон үдэр
 |содержимое_параметра     = 1912 оной 2 һарын 14 (48-дэхи)
}}
'''Аризона''' ({{lang-en|Arizona}}, &lt;small&gt;[[Навахо хэлэн|навахо]]&lt;/small&gt; ''Hoozdo Hahoodzo'') — [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас]]ай Баруун Урда бүһэдэ оршодог АНУ-ай можо улас. Ниислэл болоод хамагай томо хотонь [[Финикс]]. Хоёрдохи томо хотонь [[Таксон (Аризона)|Таксон]] болоод энэнэй дараа Фениксын бүһын дүрбэн хото, тухайлбал [[Меза (Аризона)|Меза]], [[Чандлер (Аризона)|Чандлер]], [[Глендэйл (Аризона)|Глендэйл]], [[Скоттсдэйл (Аризона)|Скоттсдэйл]] хотонууд ороно.&lt;ref&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Arizona_%28by_population%29&lt;/ref&gt;

Аризона 1912 оной хоёрдугаар һарын 14-ндэ Холбоондо нэгэдэһэн, АНУ-ай эхэ газарай можо уласуудһаа эгээн һүүлшын гү, али 48-дахи можо улас болоһон.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/es/az Arizona&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt; Аризонань сүлын уурал амисхал, илангуяа халуун зун, хүйтэн үбэлөөрөө нэрэтэй. Гэбэш хойто зүгтэ байха үндэрлиг нютагаараа сүлһөө сэрүүн уур амисхалтай нарһан ой, уулатай. 2006 оной долодугаар һарын 1-нэй хүн зоной тоосоогоор Аризона хүн зоной үһэлтэгөөр АНУ-да түрүүлжэ, [[Невада|Невадые]] гүйсэжэ түрүүлбэ.

Аризонань [[Дүрбэн үнсэг]]эй (Four Corners) можо уласуудай нэгэ юм. Аризона [[Нью-Мексико]], [[Юта]], [[Невада]], [[Калифорни]] можо уласуудтай хилэлдэг болоод [[Колорадо]] можо уластай нэгэ үзүүрээрээ ниилэдэг. Тэрэ [[Мексика|Мексикын]] [[Сонора]], [[Баха Калифорни]] можо уласуудтай хилэ залгадаг. Аризонада [[Гранд-Каньон|Гранд-Каньонһоо]] гадна олон ой модон, үндэһэнэй парк, дурасхалта газар, индианай нөөсэ газар байдаг бэлэй.

== Зүүлтэ ==
{{зүүлтэ}}

== Холбооһон ==
=== Засагай газарай албан ёһоной сахим сүлжээ ===
* [http://www.az.gov/ Official Website of the State of Arizona]

=== Бусад ===
* [http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/states/arizona/index.html Arizona State Guide, from the Library of Congress]
* [http://www.bea.doc.gov/bea/regional/map/map.asp?po=AZ Arizona Regional Accounts Data]
* [http://www.fedstats.gov/qf/states/04000.html Arizona Demographic Data from FedStats] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030421010246/http://www.fedstats.gov/qf/states/04000.html |date=2003-04-21 }}
* [http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/state/state_energy_profiles.cfm?sid=AZ Energy Data &amp; Statistics for Arizona]
* [http://wikis.ala.org/godort/index.php/Arizona Arizona State Databases] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171109085739/http://wikis.ala.org/godort/index.php/Arizona |date=2017-11-09 }} - Annotated list of searchable databases produced by Arizona state agencies and compiled by the Government Documents Roundtable of the American Library Association.
* [http://www.lib.az.us/ Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040626115848/http://www.lib.az.us/ |date=2004-06-26 }}
* [http://www.usgs.gov/state/state.asp?State=AZ USGS real-time, geographic, and other scientific resources of Arizona]
* [http://www.ers.usda.gov/statefacts/az.htm Arizona State Facts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150505060710/http://www.ers.usda.gov/StateFacts/AZ.htm |date=2015-05-05 }}
* [http://www.azcentral.com Arizona Republic -- daily newspaper serving the state]
* History topics timeline of Arizona 1862-1962&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.usastatesdates.com/arizona.htm Arizona History Timeline 1862-1962 by USAStatesDates&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Аялал туристнарай мэдээсэл ===
* [http://www.arizonaguide.com/ Official Arizona Office of Tourism] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030220022708/http://arizonaguide.com/ |date=2003-02-20 }}
* [http://www.azgfd.gov Arizona Game &amp; Fish Department (Hunting, Boating &amp; Fishing)]
* [http://azstateparks.com/index.html Arizona State Parks]
* [http://russianlibraryclub.com/ Arizona Russian Center] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141119053519/http://russianlibraryclub.com/ |date=2014-11-19 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070625090928/http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/amsw/ American Southwest, a National Park Service ''Discover Our Shared Heritage'' Travel Itinerary]

== Мүн үзэхэ ==
* Bayless, Betsy, 1998, ''Arizona Blue Book, 1997-1998.'' Phoenix, Arizona.
* McIntyre, Allan J., 2008, [http://www.arcadiapublishing.com/mm5/merchant.mvc?Screen=PROD&amp;Product_Code=0738556335&amp;Store_Code=arcadia&amp;search=NEW&amp;offset=100&amp;filter_cat=&amp;PowerSearch_Begin_Only=&amp;sort=name.asc&amp;range_low=&amp;range_high=%20&amp;srch_newbook=1 ''The Tohono O'odham and Pimeria Alta.''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090124192652/http://www.arcadiapublishing.com/mm5/merchant.mvc?Screen=PROD&amp;Product_Code=0738556335&amp;Store_Code=arcadia&amp;search=NEW&amp;offset=100&amp;filter_cat=&amp;PowerSearch_Begin_Only=&amp;sort=name.asc&amp;range_low=&amp;range_high=%20&amp;srch_newbook=1 |date=2009-01-24 }} Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, (ISBN 978-0-7385-5633-8)
* Miller, Tom (editor), 1986, ''Arizona: The Land and the People.'' Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press. (ISBN 0-8165-1004-0)
* Thomas, David M. (editor), 2003, ''Arizona Legislative Manual.'' In ''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.azleg.state.az.us/alispdfs/Council/legman2003.pdf Arizona&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;.'' Phoenix, AZ: Arizona Legislative Council. Google Print. Retrieved January 16 2006.
* Trimble, Marshall, 1998, ''Arizona, A Cavalcade of History.'' Tucson, AZ: Treasure Chest Publications. (ISBN 0-918080-43-6)

{{АНУ-ай засаг захиргаанай нэгэжэ}}

[[Категори:Аризона| ]]
[[Категори:Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Вермонт</title>
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      <text bytes="12827" sha1="n843rql5sektz6l8kx5h7y61fm60vfx" xml:space="preserve">{{Улас орон
 |буряад_нэрэ                 = Вермонт можо улас
 |уугуул_нэрэ             = State of Vermont
 |статус                   = [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас#Холбооной тогтолсоо: можо уласууд болон орон нютагууд|АНУ-ай можо улас]]
 |дуулал                     = 
 |туг                     = Flag of Vermont.svg
 |тугай_бэшэлгэ           = Далбаа
 |һүлдэ                     = Seal of Vermont.svg
 |һүлдын_бэшэлгэ           = Уласай тамга
 |газарай_зураг                    = Map_of_USA_VT.svg
 |хэмжээ                   = 
 |бэшэлгэ                 = [[АНУ]]-да Вермонтын байра
 |уряа                    = ''Freedom and Unity''&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;''Эрхэ сүлөө, эб нэгэдэл''&lt;/small&gt; 
 |ниислэл                  = [[Монтпилиер (Вермонт)| Монтпилиер]]
 |хэлэн                     = үгы байна (''де-факто'' [[Англи хэлэн|Англи]])
 |тэргүүнэй_тушаал1     = Амбан захирагша
 |тэргүүн1  = Питер Шамлин
 |тэргүүнэй_тушаал2     = Дэд захирагша
 |тэргүүн2  = Филлип Скотт
 |газар_нютаг                  = 24&amp;nbsp;923 км²
 |уһанай_хуби                  = 883 км² (3,55 %)
 |хүн_ама                = 626 630 (2013)&lt;ref&gt;http://www.census.gov/popest/states/NST-ann-est.html 2007 Population Estimates&lt;/ref&gt;
 |дополнительный_параметр  = Можо улас болоһон үдэр
 |содержимое_параметра     = 1791 оной 3 һарын 4 (14-дэхи)
}}
'''Вермонт''' ({{lang-en|Vermont}}) [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас]]ай Зүүн Хойто хэһэгэй [[Шэнэ Англи]]ин бүһэдэ оршохо АНУ-ай нэгэ можо улас. Тус можо улас ниитэ нютаг дэбисхэрээр 45-да, хуурай газарай нютаг дэбисхэрээр 43-да ородог. Хүн зониинь 608,827 болон бүхы табин можо улас дунда 49-дэ ородог (зүбхэн [[Вайоминг|Вайомингһаа]] үлүү). [[Атлантын далай]]тай залгадаггүй Шэнэ Англиин ганса можо улас Вермонтынь хойтоһоо урдые шэглэн сунайх Гриин уула болон Вермонтын баруун хилын тала хубиие бүридүүлхэ Чамплэйн уулаһаа алдартай. Тус можо улас урда талаараа [[Массачусеттс]], зүүн талаараа [[Нью-Гэмпшир]], баруун талаараа [[Нью-Йорк (можо улас)]] можо уласууд, хойто талаараа [[Канада|Канадын]] [[Квебек]] можотой тус тус хилэлдэг.

== Танисуулга ==
[[Файл:Meeting house marlboro vermont 20040911.jpg|мини|слева|Вермонт можо уласай хотонуудай орон нютагай засаг захиргаанай ажалай ехэхэн хэһэг жэл бүриин гурбадугаар һарада болодог хотын хуралаар шиидэгдэдэг. Эдэ хуралынь [[Марлборо (Вермонт)|Марлборо]] хотын энэ хуралай танхимтай адлихан танхимуудта болодог.]]
Анха уугуул америкашуудай Абенаки омог болон [[Ирокезүүд]] нютаглажа байһан мүнөөнэй Вермонтын нютаг дэбисхэрые [[Франци]] улас эзэмшэһэн болобошье францишууд [[Франко-индейшуудай дайн]]да илагдаһанай дараа [[Британи]]ин эзэмшэлдэ нүүһэн. Олон жэлэй турша эргэн тойроной колонинууд, илангуяа [[Нью-Гэмпшир]] ба [[Нью-Йорк (можо улас)|Нью-Йорк]] нютаг дэбисхэрэй маргаан дээшэлжэ байгаа. Эдэ колонинуудай олгоһон газар эзэмшэхэ эрхэ бүхы нүүдэллэн һууришагшадые ''Гриин уулын хүбүүд'' гэхэ һайн дурын сэрэгжэһэн бүлэглэлнүүд эсэргүүсэжэ байһан болон ябаандаа тусгаар [[Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Вермонт Улас]]ые үүсхэбэ. Энэ улас [[Америкын хубисхалта дайн]]ай ябасада байгуулагдажа 14 жэл оршон тогтониһон. 1791ондо Вермонт АНУ-ай 14-дэхи можо улас болоод нэгдэбэ.

Тус можо улас байгаалиин һайхан, сүүн бүтээгдэхүүнээрээ алдартай. Вермонт АНУ-да [[агса модон]]ой сиропой үйлэдбэрилэлээр түрүүлдэг.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=US Department of Agriculture - Economic Research Service|work='Table 44—U.S. maple syrup production and value, by state, calendar years|url=http://www.ers.usda.gov/briefing/sugar/data/table44.xls|accessdate=2007-01-05|archivedate=2003-06-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20030607045816/http://ers.usda.gov/Briefing/Sugar/Data/Table44.xls}}&lt;/ref&gt; можо уласай ниислэлынь [[Монтпилиер (Вермонт)|Монтпилиер]] болон эгээн томо хото болон метрополиин бүһэнь [[Бөрлингтон (Вермонт)|Бөрлингтон]] юм. Бусад алишье можо уласай эгээн томо хотонь Бөрлингтонһоо томо юм.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nationalgeographic.com/traveler/articles/1118_burlington.html National Geographic] retrieved June 30, 2008&lt;/ref&gt;

== Газарзүйн байра ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;60%&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!colspan=&quot;3&quot;|Хүршэ засаг захиргаанай нэгэжэ
|-
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Баруун-хойто:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of New York.svg|20px]] [[Нью-Йорк (можо улас)]]
| width=&quot;30%&quot; | ''Хойто:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of Quebec.svg|20px]] [[Квебек]]&lt;br /&gt;([[File:Flag of Canada.svg|20px]] [[Канада]])
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Зүүн-хойто:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of New Hampshire.svg|20px]] [[Нью-Гемпшир]]
|-
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Баруун:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of New York.svg|20px]] [[Нью-Йорк (можо улас)]]
| width=&quot;30%&quot; | [[Файл:Brosen windrose.svg|50px]]
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Зүүн:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of New Hampshire.svg|20px]] [[Нью-Гемпшир]]
|-
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Баруун-урда''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of New York.svg|20px]] [[Нью-Йорк (можо улас)]]
| width=&quot;30%&quot; | ''Урда:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of Massachusetts.svg|20px]] [[Массачусетс]]
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Зүүн-урда:''&lt;br /&gt; [[File:Flag of Massachusetts.svg|20px]] [[Массачусетс]] {{*}} [[File:Flag of New Hampshire.svg|20px]] [[Нью-Гемпшир]]
|}&lt;/center&gt;

== Ном зүй ==
&lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;
* Albers, Jan ''Hands on the Land: A History of the Vermont Landscape.'' MIT Press: 2000. ISBN 0-262-01175-1.
* {{cite book |last=Allen |first=Ira |authorlink=Ira Allen |title=The natural and political history of the State of Vermont, one of the United States of America |url=https://archive.org/details/naturalpolitical0000alle |origyear=1798 |year=1969 |publisher=Charles E. Tuttle Company |isbn=0-8048-0419-2 }}
* Bryan, Frank, and John McClaughry. &quot;The Vermont Papers: Recreating Democracy on a Human Scale.&quot; Chelsea Green Publishing: 1989. ISBN 0-930031-19-9.
* Cohen, David Elliot, and Rick Smolan. ''Vermont 24/7.'' DK Publishing: 2004. ISBN 0-7566-0086-3.
* Coffin, Howard. ''Full Duty: Vermonters in the Civil War.'' The Countryman Press: 1995. ISBN 0-88150-349-5.
* Doyle, William T. &quot;The Vermont Political Tradition and Those Who Helped Make It.&quot; Doyle Publisher: 1987. ISBN 0-9615486-1-4.
* Duffy, John J., et al. ''Vermont: An Illustrated History.'' American Historical Press: 2000. ISBN 1-892724-08-1.
* Duffy, John J., et al. ''The Vermont Encyclopedia.'' University Press of New England: 2003. ISBN 1-58465-086-9.
* [[Federal Writers' Project]] of the [[Works Progress Administration]] for the State of Vermont. ''Vermont: A guide to the Green Mountain State.'' Houghton Mifflin: 1937.
* Grant, Kim, et al. ''Vermont: An Explorer's Guide.'' The Countryman Press: 2002. ISBN 0-88150-519-6.
* Hunter, Preston. [http://www.adherents.com/loc/loc_vermont.html &quot;Religion in Vermont&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130816141340/http://www.adherents.com/loc/loc_vermont.html |date=2013-08-16 }}. Adherents.com.
* Klyza, Christopher McGrory, and Stephen C. Trombulak. ''The Story of Vermont: A Natural and Cultural History''. University Press of New England: 1999. ISBN 0-87451-936-5.
* Potash, P. Jeffrey, et al. ''Freedom and Unity: A History of Vermont.'' Vermont Historical Society: 2004. ISBN 0-934720-49-5.
* Meeks, Harold A. ''Vermont's Land and Resources'', The New England Press: 1968. ISBN 0-933050-40-2.
* Rodgers, Steve. ''Country Towns of Vermont.'' McGraw-Hill: 1998. ISBN 1-56626-195-3.
* Sherman, Joe. ''Fast Lane on a Dirt Road: A Contemporary History of Vermont.'' Chelsea Green Publishing Company: 2000. ISBN 1-890132-74-8.
* Sletcher, Michael. ''New England.'' Westport, CT, 2004.
* ''Vermont Atlas &amp; Gazetteer.'' DeLorme: 2000. ISBN 0-89933-322-2.
* {{cite book |last=Van de Water |first=Frederic Franklyn |title=The Reluctant Republic: Vermont 1724–1791 |year=1974 |publisher=The Countryman Press |isbn=0-914378-02-3 }}
&lt;/div&gt;

== Холбооһон ==
'''Засгийн газар'''
* [http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/state/state_energy_profiles.cfm?sid=VT Energy Data &amp; Statistics for Vermont] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110205193312/http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/state/state_energy_profiles.cfm?sid=VT |date=2011-02-05 }}
* [http://www.vermontagriculture.com/ Vermont Agriculture] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030604213736/http://www.vermontagriculture.com/ |date=2003-06-04 }}
* [http://www.labor.vermont.gov/ Vermont Department of Labor] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081019003622/http://labor.vermont.gov/ |date=2008-10-19 }}
* [http://www.vermont.gov Vermont government official website]
* [http://www.vlct.org/ Vermont League of Cities and Towns]
* [http://www.ers.usda.gov/StateFacts/VT.htm Vermont State Facts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130227124244/http://www.ers.usda.gov/StateFacts/VT.HTM |date=2013-02-27 }}
* [http://reason.org/ps369/ Roads compared to other states] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090318143359/http://www.reason.org/ps369 |date=2009-03-18 }}

'''Газрын зураг, хүн амзүй'''
* [http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/states/vermont/history.php Earthquake facts, Vermont]
* [http://www.usgs.gov/state/state.asp?State=VT USGS real-time, geographic, and other scientific resources of Vermont]
* [http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/50000.html &quot;Vermont QuickFacts&quot; U.S. Census Bureau] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041019082256/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/50000.html |date=2004-10-19 }}.

'''Аялал жуулчлал'''
* [http://www.skimaven.com/ Skimaven ski blog] All about alpine, backcountry and cross-country skiing in Vermont.
* [http://www.travel-vermont.com/ Vermont Department of Tourism and Marketing] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110208064252/http://www.travel-vermont.com/ |date=2011-02-08 }}

'''Соёл, түүх'''
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070625173710/http://www.nps.gov/history/NR/travel/centralvermont/ Central Vermont: Explore History in the Heart of the Green Mountains, a National Park Service ''Discover Our Shared Heritage'' Travel Itinerary]
* [http://www.vermontartscouncil.org/ Vermont Arts Council]
* [http://www.vermonthistory.org/ Vermont Historical Society].

'''Онлайн хэвлэл мэдээллийн хэрэгсэл'''
* [http://www.radiofreevermont.org Radio Free Vermont] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714013526/http://www.radiofreevermont.org/ |date=2011-07-14 }}

== Зүүлтэ ==
{{зүүлтэ}}

{{АНУ-ай засаг захиргаанай нэгэжэ}}

[[Категори:Америкэн Нэгэдэһэн Улас]]
[[Категори:Вермонт]]</text>
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    <title>Вирджини</title>
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      <text bytes="8407" sha1="1s8bayovclhodwdkzym9wxr1ilhxh4s" xml:space="preserve">{{Улас орон
 |буряад_нэрэ                 = Вирджиниин Хамтын Нүхэрлэл
 |уугуул_нэрэ             = Commonwealth of Virgina
 |статус                   = [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас#Холбооной тогтолсоо: можо уласууд болон орон нютагууд|АНУ-ай можо улас]]
 |дуулал                     = 
 |туг                     = Flag of Virginia.svg
 |тугай_бэшэлгэ           = Далбаа
 |һүлдэ                     = Seal of Virginia.svg
 |һүлдын_бэшэлгэ           = Уласай тамга
 |газарай_зураг                    = Map_of_USA_VA.svg
 |хэмжээ                   = 
 |бэшэлгэ                 = [[АНУ]]-да Вирджиниин байра
 |уряа                    = ''Sic semper tyrannis''&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;/small&gt; 
 |ниислэл                  = [[Ричмонд (Вирджини)|Ричмонд]]
 |хэлэн                     = [[Англи хэлэн|Англи]]
 |тэргүүнэй_тушаал1     = Амбан захирагша
 |тэргүүн1  = Теренс Маколифф
 |тэргүүнэй_тушаал2     = Дэд захирагша
 |тэргүүн2  = Билл Боллинг
 |газар_нютаг                  = 110&amp;nbsp;785 км²
 |уһанай_хуби                  = 8 237 км² (7,44 %)
 |хүн_ама                = 8 185 866 (2012)&lt;ref&gt;http://www.census.gov/popest/states/NST-ann-est.html 2007 Population Estimates&lt;/ref&gt;
 |дополнительный_параметр  = Можо улас болоһон үдэр
 |содержимое_параметра     = 1788 оной 6 һарын 25 (10-дахи)
}}
'''Вирджиниин Хамтын Нүхэрлэл''' ({{lang-en|Commonwealth of Virginia}}) — [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас]]ай Урда хэһэгэй [[Атлантын далай]]н эрье дээрэ байрлаха АНУ-ай нэгэ можо улас. Тус можо уласынь хэзээшье хүнтэй һуугаагүй тула &quot;Онгон хатан хаан&quot; ({{lang-en|Virgin Queen}}) гэгдэдэг байһан [[Англи]]ин хатан хаан [[I Елизаветын]] нэрээр нэрлэгдэһэн юм. Тус можо уласта АНУ-ай найман юрэнхылэгшэ мэндэлһэн тула Юрэнхылэгшэдэй эхэ гэжэ нэрлэгдэхэнь бии. Тэрэ Хуушан доминионшье гэдэг. Можо уласай газарзүйе [[Блу-Ридж уула]] болон Чесапик булан тодорхойлно. Ниислэл хотонь [[Ричмонд (Вирджини)|Ричмонд]], эгээн томо хотонь [[Вирджини Бич]] болоно.

== Танисуулга ==
Бүри 1607 ондо Лондон компани Шэнэ Юртэмсэ дэхи Англиин түрүүшын байнгын колони болохо Вирджиниин колониие байгуулһанаар оршон үеын Вирджиниин үндэһэн һуури табигдаба. Вирджиниин эхин үеын эдэй засаг, улас түрэдэ [[богоолшолго]] томохон үүргэ гүйсэдхэжэ байба. Вирджини [[Америкын хубисхалта дайн]]да оролсоһон арбан гурбан колониин нэгэ болоһон болон [[Америкын эрхэтэнэй дайн]]ай үеэр Америкын Холбооной Уласта нэгэдэжэ байгаа. Уламжалал ёһоор консерватив болон Урдада багтажа байһан түүхэтэй болобошье оршон үеын Вирджининь үндэһэнэй хэмжээнэй хоёр томо намай мүрысөөнэй талбари болоһон можо улас юм.&lt;ref name=purple/&gt;

Вирджининь хэд хэдэн һалбари бүхы эдэй засагтай. Тухайлбал хүдөө ажахы хүгжэһэн. Тэрэ тус можо уласай Хэмптон-Роудс сэрэгэй ангинууд байрладаг болон хойто хэһэгтэнь Пентагон зэргэ холбооной засагай газарай байгуулганууд байрладаг. Түүхын гурбалжан хэмжээхэ аялал туризмын түгээмэл маршрутда [[Джеймстаун (Вирджини)|Джеймстаун]], [[Йорктаун (Вирджини)|Йорктаун]] болон Колониин үеын Вилльямсбургын амиды музей ородог. Технологиин һалбари үдэжэ хүгжэһэнөө тус можо уласай экспортын түрүүлхэ бүтээгдхүүниинь компьютерын чип болоһон болон энэ һалбаринь Вирджиниин уласай һургуулинууд болон ехэ һургуулинуудай хүсэн дээрэ тулгуурилһан.

== Газарзүйн байра ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;60%&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!colspan=&quot;3&quot;|Хүршэ засаг захиргаанай нэгэжэ
|-
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Баруун-хойто:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of West Virginia.svg |20px]] [[Баруун Вирджини]]
| width=&quot;30%&quot; | ''Хойто:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of Maryland.svg|20px]] [[Мэриленд]] {{*}} [[File:Flag of Washington, D.C.svg|20px]] [[Вашингтон (Колумби тойрог)|Колумби тойрог]]
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Зүүн-хойто:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of Delaware.svg|20px]] [[Делавэр]]
|-
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Баруун:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of West Virginia.svg |20px]] [[Баруун Вирджини]]
| width=&quot;30%&quot; | [[Файл:Brosen windrose.svg|50px]]
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Зүүн:''&lt;br /&gt;[[Атлантын далай]]
|-
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Баруун-урда''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of Kentucky.svg|20px]] [[Кентукки]] {{*}} [[File:Flag of Tennessee.svg|20px]] [[Теннесси]]
| width=&quot;30%&quot; | ''Урда:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of North Carolina.svg|20px]] [[Хойто Каролина]]
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Зүүн-урда:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of North Carolina.svg|20px]] [[Хойто Каролина]]
|}&lt;/center&gt;

== Зүүлтэ ==
{{зүүлтэ}}

== Холбооһон ==
'''Засгийн газар'''
* [http://www.virginia.gov/ State Government website]
* [http://legis.state.va.us/ Virginia General Assembly]
* [http://www.courts.state.va.us/ Virginia's Judicial system]
* [http://legis.state.va.us/Laws/search/Constitution.htm Constitution of Virginia]

'''Аялал жуулчлал'''
* [http://www.virginia.org/ Virginia Tourism Website]
* [http://www.dcr.virginia.gov/state_parks/state_park.shtml Virginia State Parks]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130106063900/http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/VAmainstreet/ Virginia Main Street Communities Travel]
* [http://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Virginia Virginia - Wikivoyage guide]

'''Соёл, түүх'''
* [http://www.vahistorical.org/ Virginia Historical Society] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180331122431/http://www.vahistorical.org/ |date=2018-03-31 }}
* [http://virginia.historical-markers.org/ Virginia Historical Markers]{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [http://virginiaindians.pwnet.org/index.php Virginia's First People] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090822154033/http://virginiaindians.pwnet.org/index.php |date=2009-08-22 }}

'''Газрын зураг ба хүн амзүй'''
* [http://www.usgs.gov/state/state.asp?State=VA USGS geographic resources of Virginia]
* [http://climate.virginia.edu/ Virginia State Climatology Office] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061005095007/http://climate.virginia.edu/ |date=2006-10-05 }}
* [http://www.ers.usda.gov/statefacts/va.htm Virginia State Fact Sheet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090815114205/http://www.ers.usda.gov/statefacts/VA.HTM |date=2009-08-15 }}

{{АНУ-ай засаг захиргаанай нэгэжэ}}

[[Категори:Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас]]
[[Категори:Вирджини| ]]</text>
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    <title>Делавэр</title>
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 |буряад_нэрэ                 = Делавэр можо улас
 |уугуул_нэрэ             = State of Delaware
 |статус                   = [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас#Холбооной тогтолсоо: можо уласууд болон орон нютагууд|АНУ-ай можо улас]]
 |дуулал                     = 
 |туг                     = Flag of Delaware.svg
 |тугай_бэшэлгэ           = Далбаа
 |һүлдэ                     = Seal of Delaware.svg
 |һүлдын_бэшэлгэ           = Уласай тамга
 |газарай_зураг                    = Map_of_USA_DE.svg
 |хэмжээ                   = 
 |бэшэлгэ                 = [[АНУ]]-да Делавэрэй байра
 |уряа                    = ''Liberty and Independence''&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;''Эрхэ сүлөө ба бэе даанги байдал''&lt;/small&gt;
 |ниислэл                  = [[Довер (Делавэр)|Довер]]
 |хэлэн                     = үгы байна (''де-факто'' [[Англи хэлэн|англи]])&lt;ref&gt;[http://legis.delaware.gov/LIS/LIS144.NSF/vwLegislation/SB+129?Opendocument SB 129] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100310075049/http://legis.delaware.gov/LIS/LIS144.NSF/vwLegislation/SB+129?Opendocument |date=2010-03-10 }}, if passed (assigned 2007-06-13 to Senate Education Committee), would designate English as the official state language.&lt;/ref&gt; 
 |тэргүүнэй_тушаал1     = Амбан захирагша
 |тэргүүн1  = Джек Маркелл
 |тэргүүнэй_тушаал2     = Дэд захирагша
 |тэргүүн2  = Мэтью Денн
 |газар_нютаг                  = 6445 км²
 |уһанай_хуби                  = 1396 км² (21,7 %)
 |хүн_ама                = 907 135 (2011)&lt;ref&gt;http://www.census.gov/popest/states/NST-ann-est.html 2007 Population Estimates&lt;/ref&gt;
 |дополнительный_параметр  = Можо улас болоһон үдэр
 |содержимое_параметра     = 1787 оной 12 һарын 7 (1-дэхи)
}}
'''Делавэр''' ({{lang-en|Delaware}}) — [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас]]ай Дундада Атлантын бүһэдэ [[Атлантын далай]]н эрьедэ байрладаг АНУ-ай нэгэ можо улас.&lt;ref name=&quot;WhichRegion&quot;&gt;While the [http://www.census.gov/geo/www/reg_div.txt U.S. Census Bureau] designates Delaware as one of the [[South Atlantic States]], many consider it to be a part of the [[Mid-Atlantic States]] and/or [[Northeastern United States]]. Examples include other U.S. government agencies (such as the [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/gmdhtml/rrhtml/regdef.html Library of Congress], [http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/gazette/html/regions/mat.html Geological Survey] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090630013801/http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/gazette/html/regions/mat.html |date=2009-06-30 }}, [http://www.epa.gov/region03/index.htm Environmental Protection Agency] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100727035138/http://www.epa.gov/region03/index.htm |date=2010-07-27 }}, [http://www.nps.gov/nero/nero.htm National Park Service] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071229063711/http://www.nps.gov/nero/nero.htm |date=2007-12-29 }}, and [http://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/oil_gas/natural_gas/analysis_publications/ngpipeline/northeast.html Department of Energy]), and public service organizations (such as [http://www.delawareaa.org/thenortheastregion.html Alcoholics Anonymous] and [http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=Amtrak/Page/Browse_Routes_Page&amp;c=Page&amp;cid=1081256321410&amp;ssid=134 Amtrak]). [http://www.google.com/Top/Regional/North_America/United_States/Delaware/ Google's] categorization scheme includes it in both the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions.&lt;/ref&gt; Тус можо уласай нэрэ Британиин тайжа, [[Вирджини]]ин түрүүшын колониин захирагша Томас Вэст, 3-р барон Де Ла Варрай нэрээр мүнөөнэй Хэнлопен хошууниие анха нэрлэһэнһээ үүдэлтэй.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Delaware |title=Delaware |accessdate=2007-02-24 |publisher=Online Etymology Dictionary}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Танисуулга ==
Делавэрынь Делмарва хахад аралай зүүн хэһэгтэ, Делавэр булан, Чесапик булангай хоорондо оршохо болон нютаг дэбисхэрээр [[Род-Айленд]]ын лэ урда һүүлһээ хоёрто ородог. 2007 оной тоосоогоор Делавэрэй хүн зон уласдаа 45-да орожо байһан бол, хүн зоной нягташалаар 6-да орожо байба. Хүн зоной 60 үлүү хубинь Нью-Касл тойрогто амидардаг&lt;ref name=&quot;Census&quot;&gt;http://www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/releases/archives/voting/011400.html&lt;/ref&gt;. Делавэрынь гурбан тойрогто хубаагдана. Тухайлбал: Нью-Касл, Кент, Сассекс,, Урда хоёр тойрогынь хүдөө ажахын тойрогууд бол, хойто хэһэгынь тус можо уласые эрхэтэнэй эрдэмтэд, инженерэй ажаллаха хүсэндэ эзэлхэ хуби болон 1000 хүндэ ногдохо компани, хуби хүндэ олгогдоһон патентын тоогоор хоёрто ороходо нэмэри болоһон.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.neweconomyindex.org/states/2002/delaware.html |title=The State New Economy Index |year=2002 |publisher=The Progressive Policy Institute (PPI) |accessdate=2014-11-27 |archivedate=2010-08-29 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100829000018/http://www.neweconomyindex.org/states/2002/delaware.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; Можо уласай эдэй засаг, үйлэдбэриин хүгжэлэй түүхэнь дэлхэйн хамагай томо химиин үйлэдбэринүүдэй нэгэ болохо Дюпоной гэр бүлын нүлөөлэлтэй ойро холбоотой.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.delawareliving.com/history.html |title=Delaware Living History |accessdate=2014-11-27 |archivedate=2009-05-08 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508145209/http://delawareliving.com/history.html }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Анха [[XVI зуун]]да европошууд эрьэень нээхэһээ үмэнэ, Делавэртэ [[унаган америкынхид]]ай хэд хэдэн бүлэг оршон һуужа байһанай дотор хойто зүгтэ Линапе, урда зүгтэ Нантикоке омогойхид нютаглажа байба. Анха 1631 ондо мүнөөдэрэй Левес хотын ойролсоо оршохо Зваанендэ дахи голланд худалдаашад энэ нютагые колонизацилһан.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://portal.delaware.gov/facts/history/delhist.shtml |title=State of Delaware (A brief history) |accessdate=2014-11-27 |archivedate=2012-04-02 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402082930/http://portal.delaware.gov/facts/history/delhist.shtml }}&lt;/ref&gt; Делавэрынь [[Америкын хубисхалта дайн]]да оролсоһон түрүүшын 13 можо уласай нэгэ болон 1787 оной арбанхоёрдугаар һарын 7-ндо [[АНУ-ай Үндэһэн Хуули]]ие соёрхон баталһан түрүүшын можо улас болобо.

== Газарзүйн байра ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;60%&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!colspan=&quot;3&quot;|Хүршэ засаг захиргаанай нэгэжэ
|-
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Баруун-хойто:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of Maryland.svg|20px]] [[Мэрилэнд]]
| width=&quot;30%&quot; | ''Хойто:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of Pennsylvania.svg|20px]] [[Пенсильвани]]
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Зүүн-хойто:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of New Jersey.svg|20px]] [[Нью-Джерси]]
|-
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Баруун:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of Maryland.svg|20px]] [[Мэрилэнд]]
| width=&quot;30%&quot; | [[Файл:Brosen windrose.svg|50px]]
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Зүүн:''&lt;br /&gt;[[Атлантын далай]]
|-
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Баруун-урда''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of Maryland.svg|20px]] [[Мэрилэнд]]
| width=&quot;30%&quot; | ''Урда:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of Maryland.svg|20px]] [[Мэрилэнд]]
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Зүүн-урда:''&lt;br /&gt;[[Атлантын далай]]
|}&lt;/center&gt;

== Зүүлтэ ==
{{зүүлтэ}}

== Холбооһон ==
{{commonscat|Delaware}}
* [http://www.delaware.gov/ State of Delaware homepage]
* [http://wikis.ala.org/godort/index.php/Delaware Delaware State Databases] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080515221005/http://wikis.ala.org/godort/index.php/Delaware |date=2008-05-15 }} - Annotated list of searchable databases produced by Delaware state agencies and compiled by the Government Documents Roundtable of the American Library Association.
* [http://www.visitdelaware.com/ Delaware Tourism homepage]
* [http://datamil.delaware.gov/ Delaware Map Data] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080514074757/http://datamil.delaware.gov/ |date=2008-05-14 }}
* [http://www.stateplanning.delaware.gov/ Delaware Population Projections] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100106182554/http://stateplanning.delaware.gov/ |date=2010-01-06 }}
* [http://www.kalmarnyckel.org The Kalmar Nyckel Foundation &amp; Tall Ship Kalmar Nyckel.]
* {{cite wikisource|The Emancipation Proclamation|Abraham Lincoln}}
* [http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/senate/constitution/amdt13.html U.S. Senate site with the full U.S. Constitution and the Thirteenth Amendment] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060515075141/http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/senate/constitution/amdt13.html |date=2006-05-15 }} &quot;Slavery and Involuntary Servitude&quot;
* [http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/state/state_energy_profiles.cfm?sid=DE Energy &amp; Environmental Data for Delaware]
* [http://www.usgs.gov/state/state.asp?State=DE USGS real-time, geographic, and other scientific resources of Delaware]
* [http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/10000.html U.S. Census Bureau] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222010344/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/10000.html |date=2014-02-22 }}
* [http://www.usnewspapers.org/state/delaware Delaware Newspapers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070220023114/http://www.usnewspapers.org/state/delaware/ |date=2007-02-20 }}
* [http://www.ers.usda.gov/StateFacts/DE.htm Delaware State Facts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111016193753/http://ers.usda.gov/StateFacts/DE.htm |date=2011-10-16 }}
* [History topics timeline of Delaware 1737–1837][http://www.usastatesdates.com/delaware.htm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118131429/http://www.usastatesdates.com/delaware.htm |date=2012-01-18 }}
* [http://www.delamed.org/ Delaware Academy of Medicine]
* [http://www.healthyde.org/ HealthyDE.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141219132847/http://www.healthyde.org/ |date=2014-12-19 }}

{{АНУ-ай засаг захиргаанай нэгэжэ}}

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    <title>Массачусетс</title>
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      <text bytes="11147" sha1="51sgpgoqdeypodu85okupxbtkwd3kga" xml:space="preserve">{{Улас орон
 |буряад_нэрэ                 = Массачусетс Хамтын Нүхэрлэл
 |уугуул_нэрэ             = Commonwealth of Massachusetts
 |статус                   = [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас#Холбооной тогтолсоо: можо уласууд болон орон нютагууд|АНУ-ай можо улас]]
 |дуулал                     = 
 |туг                     = Flag of Massachusetts.svg
 |тугай_бэшэлгэ           = Далбаа
 |һүлдэ                     = Seal of Massachusetts.svg
 |һүлдын_бэшэлгэ           = Уласай тамга
 |газарай_зураг                    = Map_of_USA_MA.svg
 |хэмжээ                   = 
 |бэшэлгэ                 = [[АНУ]]-да Массачусетсын байра
 |уряа                    =  ''Ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem''&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;''Тэрэ һэлмээр эрхэ сүлөө дорохи энхые бэдэрнэ''&lt;/small&gt;
 |ниислэл                  = [[Бостон]]
 |хэлэн                     = [[Англи хэлэн|англи]]
 |тэргүүнэй_тушаал1     = Амбан захирагша
 |тэргүүн1  = Деваль Патрик
 |тэргүүнэй_тушаал2     = Дэд захирагша
 |тэргүүн2  = ''Үгы''
 |газар_нютаг                  = 27 336 км²
 |уһанай_хуби                  = 7 031 км² (25,7 %)
 |хүн_ама                = 6 587 536 (2011)&lt;ref&gt;http://www.census.gov/popest/states/NST-ann-est.html 2007 Population Estimates&lt;/ref&gt;
 |дополнительный_параметр  = Можо улас болоһон үдэр
 |содержимое_параметра     = 1788 оной 2 һарын 8 (6-дахи)
}}
'''Массачусетсын Хамтын Нүхэрлэл''' ({{lang-en|Commonwealth of Massachusetts}}) — [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас]]ын Зүүн Хойто хэһэгэй [[Шинэ Англи]]йн бүһэдэ оршохо АНУ-ай нэгэн можо улас. Урда талаараа [[Род-Айленд]], [[Коннектикут]], баруун талаараа [[Нью-Йорк]], хойто талаараа [[Вермонт]], [[Нью-Гэмпшир]] можо уласуудтай хилэлдэг. 6.4 сая хүн зоной ехэнхинь Бостоной метрополиин бүһэдэ ажаһуудаг. Энэ харисангы бишыхан можо уласай зүүн хахадынь урбанизацилһан гү, али хахад урбанизацилһан бүһэ бол баруун хахадынь ехэ түлэб хүдөөгэй бүһэ юм. Массачусетсынь [[Шэнэ Англи]]ин зургаан можо улас дунда эгээн олон хүн зонтой можо улас болоод хүн зоной нягташалаар АНУ-да гурбада, нэгэ хүндэ ногдохо ДНБ-ээр дүрбэдэ ородог.

== Танисуулга ==
[[Файл:USA 09562 Boston Luca Galuzzi 2007.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Бостон]]
Массачусетс Америкын түүхын туршада шухала үүргэ гүйсэдхэһээр ерэһэн. [[Плимут (Массачусетс)|Плимутынь]] Хойто Америкэдэхи Англиин хоёрдохи байнгын һуурин болоһон. Массачусетсын олон хотые 1620-1630-аад оной үедэ Англиин колонизаторнар байгуулба. XVIII зуунай үедэ Бостондо үймээн дэгдэһэниинь [[Америкын хубисхал]] гарахада хүргэжэ, уламаар АНУ [[Ехэ Британи]]һаа тусгаар тогтоноходо хүргэһэн тула «Эрхэ сүлөөгэй үлгы» гэгдэхэ болоһон. XIX зуунда Массачусетс [[богоолшолго|богоолшолгые]] усадхаһан АНУ-ай анханай можо улас болоо. Тэрэ Массачусетс [[Америкын эрхэтэнэй дайн]]ай урда архидалтада эсэргүү хүдэлөөн болон богоолшолгодо эсэргүү үйлэ ажаллалгын гол түб боложо байһан. 2004 ондо Массачусетс гомосексуал гэрлэлтые хуули ёһоор зүбшөөрһэн АНУ-ай түрүүшын можо улас болоо. Тус можо уласһаа олон нэрэтэй улас түрэшэд түрэн гараһанай дотор [[Адамсынхид]] болон [[Кеннедиинхид|Кеннедиинхиные]] дурдахада хангалтатай.

Анхандаа хүдөө ажахы болон Европотой хэхэ худалдаанһаа хамааралтай байһан Массачусетс [[үйлэдбэриин хубисхал]]ай үеэр ажа үйлэдбэриин түб болон хүгжэбэ. XX зуунай эхинэй хахадта бага [[хүлһэн|хүлһэтэй]] Урдын можо уласууд руу үйлэдбэринүүд нүүн байршаһаниинь эдэй засагые зогсонги байдалда оруулһан. Массачусетсын эдэй засаг [[Дэлхэйн хоёрдугаар дайн]]ай дараа эрьен һэргэжэ, 1990-ээд оной үедэ сээсглэн хүгжэжэ эхилбэ. Тус можо улас дээдэ болбосорол, анагааха ухаан, үндэр технологёор дэлхэйдэ түрүүлдэг бэлэй.

== Газарзүйн байра ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;60%&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!colspan=&quot;3&quot;|Хүршэ засаг захиргаанай нэгэжэ
|-
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Баруун-хойто:''&lt;br /&gt;[[Файл:Flag of Vermont.svg|20px]] [[Вермонт]]
| width=&quot;30%&quot; | ''Хойто:''&lt;br /&gt;[[Файл:Flag of New Hampshire.svg|20px]] [[Нью-Гэмпшир]]
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Зүүн-хойто:''&lt;br /&gt;[[Файл:Flag of New Hampshire.svg|20px]] [[Нью-Гэмпшир]]
|-
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Баруун:''&lt;br /&gt;[[Файл:Flag of New York.svg|20px]] [[Нью-Йорк (можо улас)|Нью-Йорк]]
| width=&quot;30%&quot; | [[Файл:Brosen windrose.svg|50px]]
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Зүүн:''&lt;br /&gt;[[Атлантын далай]]
|-
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Баруун-урда''&lt;br /&gt;[[Файл:Flag of New York.svg|20px]] [[Нью-Йорк (можо улас)|Нью-Йорк]]
| width=&quot;30%&quot; | ''Урда:''&lt;br /&gt;[[Файл:Flag of Connecticut.svg|20px]] [[Коннектикут]]
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Зүүн-урда:''&lt;br /&gt;[[Файл:Flag of Rhode Island.svg|20px]] [[Род-Айленд]]
|}

== Зүүлтэ ==
{{зүүлтэ}}

== Ном зохёол ==
=== Тойм ба судалгаа ===
&lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;
* Brown, Richard D. and Jack Tager. ''Massachusetts: A Concise History'' (2002)
* Hall, Donald. ed. ''The Encyclopedia of New England'' (2005)
* [[Works Progress Administration]]. ''Guide to Massachusetts'' (1939)
&lt;/div&gt;

=== Хоёрдогч сурвалж ===
&lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;
* Abrams, Richard M. ''Conservatism in a Progressive Era: Massachusetts Politics, 1900-1912'' (1964)
* Adams, James Truslow. ''Revolutionary New England, 1691-1776'' (1923)
* Adams, James Truslow. ''New England in the Republic, 1776-1850'' (1926)
* Andrews, Charles M. ''The Fathers of New England: A Chronicle of the Puritan Commonwealths'' (1919), short survey
* Conforti, Joseph A. ''Imagining New England: Explorations of Regional Identity from the Pilgrims to the Mid-Twentieth Century'' (2001)
* Cumbler, John T. ''Reasonable Use: The People, the Environment, and the State, New England, 1790-1930'' (1930), environmental history
* Fischer, David Hackett. ''Paul Revere's Ride'' (1994), 1775 in depth
* Green, James R., William F. Hartford, and Tom Juravich. ''Commonwealth of Toil: Chapters in the History of Massachusetts Workers and Their Unions'' (1996)
* Huthmacher, J. Joseph. ''Massachusetts People and Politics, 1919-1933'' (1958)
* Labaree, Benjamin Woods. ''Colonial Massachusetts: A History'' (1979)
* Morison, Samuel Eliot. ''The Maritime History of Massachusetts, 1783-1860'' (1921)
* Peirce, Neal R. ''The New England States: People, Politics, and Power in the Six New England States'' (1976), 1960-75 era
* Porter, Susan L. ''Women of the Commonwealth: Work, Family, and Social Change in Nineteenth-Century Massachusetts'' (1996)
* Sletcher, Michael. ''New England'' (2004).
* Starkey, Marion L. ''The Devil in Massachusetts'' (1949), Salem witches
* Tager, Jack, and John W. Ifkovic, eds. ''Massachusetts in the Gilded Age: Selected Essays'' (1985), ethnic groups
* Zimmerman, Joseph F. ''[http://www.questia.com/library/book/the-new-england-town-meeting-democracy-in-action-by-joseph-f-zimmerman.jsp The New England Town Meeting: Democracy in Action]'' (1999)
&lt;/div&gt;

== Холбооһон ==
{{commonscat|Massachusetts}}
* [http://www.mass.gov/ The Commonwealth of Massachusetts]
* [http://www.masshist.org/ Massachusetts Historical Society]
* [http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/state/state_energy_profiles.cfm?sid=MA Energy Profile for Massachusetts- Economic, environmental, and energy data]
* [http://www.usgs.gov/state/state.asp?State=MA USGS real-time, geographic, and other scientific resources of Massachusetts]
* [http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/massachusetts.html Maps of Massachusetts]
* [http://newenglandtowns.org/massachusetts/ 1837 descriptions of Massachusetts cities, towns, mountains, lakes, and rivers, from ''Hayward's New England Gazetteer.'']
* [http://www.sec.state.ma.us/cis/cismaf/mf1a.htm Massachusetts State Symbols]
* [http://www.sec.state.ma.us/cis/cismaf/mf4.htm Miscellaneous Massachusetts Facts]
* [http://www.ers.usda.gov/StateFacts/MA.htm Massachusetts State Facts from USDA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140830095916/http://www.ers.usda.gov/StateFacts/MA.htm |date=2014-08-30 }}
* [http://massachusetts351.blogspot.com/ Massachusetts 351 Project]
* [http://www.law.cornell.edu/states/massachusetts.html Massachusetts Constitution and Laws]
* [http://www.massvacation.com Massachusetts Tourism Board]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081106002757/http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/maritime/ Maritime History of Massachusetts, a National Park Service ''Discover Our Shared Heritage'' Travel Itinerary]
* [http://www.salemdeeds.com/atlases.asp?atlastype=MassWorld&amp;atlastown=ESSEX+COUNTY&amp;atlName=&amp;PAGEPREFIX=&amp;submittype= Atlases of Massachusetts]. 1871-Walling&amp;Gray, 1891-Walker, 1892-Mass., 1904-Walker. Large Images at Salemdeeds.
* Free images of 300+ [http://www.davidrumsey.com/directory/where/Massachusetts/ Maps of Massachusetts] at www.DavidRumsey.com

{{АНУ-ай засаг захиргаанай нэгэжэ}}

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    <title>Мэриленд</title>
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 |буряад_нэрэ                 = Мэриленд можо улас
 |уугуул_нэрэ             = State of Maryland 
 |статус                   = [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас#Холбооной тогтолсоо: можо уласууд болон орон нютагууд|АНУ-ай можо улас]]
 |дуулал                     = 
 |туг                     = Flag of Maryland.svg
 |тугай_бэшэлгэ           = Далбаа
 |һүлдэ                     = Seal of Maryland.svg
 |һүлдын_бэшэлгэ           = Уласай тамга
 |газарай_зураг                    = Map_of_USA_MD.svg
 |хэмжээ                   = 
 |бэшэлгэ                 = [[АНУ]]-да Мэрилендэй байра
 |уряа                    =  ''Fatti maschii, parole femine''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;''Эрэ хүнүүдэй үйлэ хэрэг, эхэнэрэй үгэ''&lt;/small&gt;
 |ниислэл                  = [[Аннаполис (Мэриленд)|Аннаполис]]
 |хэлэн                     = ''үгы байна'' (''де-факто'' [[Англи хэлэн|англи]])
 |тэргүүнэй_тушаал1     = Амбан захирагша
 |тэргүүн1  = Мартин О’Мэлли
 |тэргүүнэй_тушаал2     = Дэд захирагша
 |тэргүүн2  = Энтони Браун 
 |газар_нютаг                  = 32 133 км²
 |уһанай_хуби                  = (21 %)
 |хүн_ама                = 5 828 289 (2011)&lt;ref&gt;http://www.census.gov/popest/states/NST-ann-est.html 2007 Population Estimates&lt;/ref&gt;
 |дополнительный_параметр  = Можо улас болоһон үдэр
 |содержимое_параметра     = 1788 оной 4 һарын 28 (7-дохи)
}}
'''Мэриленд''' ({{lang-en|Maryland}}) — [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас]]ай Дунда Атлантын бүһэдэ байрлаха АНУ-ай нэгэн можо улас. Урда болон баруун талаараа [[Вирджини]] болон [[Баруун Вирджини]], хойто талаараа [[Пенсильвани]], зүүн талаараа [[Делавэр]] можо уласуудтай хилэлдэг. Тус можо уласынь таряаланшад богоолой хүдэлмэри дээрэ тулгуурилһан арилжаа наймаанай ургамал болохо тамхи таряалдаг байһан Чисапик колонидо харьялагдадаг байба.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.census.gov/geo/www/reg_div.txt U.S. Census Bureau]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Тус можо уласые [http://www.census.gov/geo/www/reg_div.txt АНУ-ай хүн зоной тобшоо] Урда Атлантын можо уласуудай нэгэ гэжэ тоосодог болобош олон хүн Дунда Атлантын гү, али Зүүн Хойто хэһэгтэ хамааруулан үзэдэг. Тухайлбал АНУ-ай засагай газарай бусад агентлигууд (жэшээнь [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/gmdhtml/rrhtml/regdef.html Конгрессэй номой сан], [http://geology.er.usgs.gov/states/mid_atl.html Геологиин шудалга] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070630084157/http://geology.er.usgs.gov/states/mid_atl.html |date=2007-06-30 }}, [http://www.epa.gov/region03/index.htm Байгаали оршониие хамгаалха агентлиг] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100727035138/http://www.epa.gov/region03/index.htm |date=2010-07-27 }}, [http://www.nps.gov/nero/nero.htm Үндэһэнэй паркын алба] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071229063711/http://www.nps.gov/nero/nero.htm |date=2007-12-29 }}, [http://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/oil_gas/natural_gas/analysis_publications/ngpipeline/northeast.html Эршэм хүсэнэй департамент]), болон ниитын үйлэшэлгын компанинууд (жэшээнь [http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=Amtrak/Page/Browse_Routes_Page&amp;c=Page&amp;cid=1081256321410&amp;ssid=134 Амтрак], [http://www.princetonreview.com/college/research/regional/region_northeast.asp Принстон Ревью] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080604063550/http://www.princetonreview.com/college/research/regional/region_northeast.asp |date=2008-06-04 }} зэргэ байгуулга энэ Дунда Атлантикада хамааруулжа үзэдэг). [http://www.google.com/Top/Regional/North_America/United_States/Maryland/ Гүүглийн] ангилалаар тэрэниие Дунда Атлантын болон Зүүн Хойто бүһэдэ хоюуландань багтааба.&lt;/ref&gt; Мэриленд можо улас нютаг дэбисхэрээр [[Бельги]]тэй ойролсоо.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 | url= https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/be.html
 | title= Belgium
 | accessdaymonth= 15 May
 | accessyear= 2008
 | date= 2008-05-15
 | work= CIA World Factbook
 | publisher= Central Intelligence Agency
 | quote= Area – comparative: about the size of Maryland
 | accessdate= 2014-12-13
 | archivedate= 2019-09-12
 | archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20190912231952/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/be.html
 }}&lt;/ref&gt; АНУ-ай хүн зоной тоололгын тобшооной мэдээлһэнээр Мэриленд можо улас 2007 ондо үрхын оролгоор тэргүүлжэ байһан болоод дундажаар $68,080 байһан болоод энэ үзүүлэлтээр 2006 ондо [[Нью-Джерси]]ие гүйсэбэ.&lt;ref name=&quot;census1&quot;/&gt;

Мэрилендынь АНУ-ай Үндэһэн хуулиие соёрхон баталһан долоодохи можо улас болоһон болоод ''Old Line State'' ба ''Free State'' гэһэн хоёр нэрэтэй. Тус можо уласынь [[Америкын эрхэтэнэй дайн|эрхэтэнэй дайнай]] үеэр Урда-хойто хилэ дээрэ байһан тулада алинь шэнжые агуулһан можо улас болоо. Юрэнхыдөө Мэрилендэй баруун болон урда хэһэг, зүүн эрьеын хүдөө нютагынь Урдын соёлой тусхал болоһон бол,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 | title = The South As It's Own Nation
 | publisher = League of the South
 | year = 2004
 | url = http://dixienet.org/New%20Site/thesouthasitsownnation.shtml
 | accessdate = 2008-05-23
 | quote = On the other hand, areas beyond these thirteen States maintain their Southern culture to varying degrees. Much of Missouri remains basically Southern, as do parts of southern Maryland and Maryland’s eastern shore.
 | archivedate = 2008-06-05
 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080605104450/http://dixienet.org/New%20Site/thesouthasitsownnation.shtml
 }}&lt;/ref&gt; хүн зон шигүү һуурижаһан түб хэһэг, тухайлбал [[Балтимор (Мэриленд)|Балтимор]], Вашингтоной хабын нютаг Зүүн Хойто нютагай шэнжые агуулдаг.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 | author = Beck, John; Randall, Aaron; and Frandsen, Wendy
 | title = Southern Culture: An Introduction
 | date = 2007-06-27
 | publication-place = Durham, North Carolina
 | format = PDF
 | publisher = Carolina Academic Press
 | pages = 14-15
 | url = http://www.cap-press.com/pdf/1517.pdf
 | accessdate = 2008-05-23
 | quote = Kentucky, Missouri, West Virginia [...] and Maryland&amp;nbsp;—slaveholding states and regions before the Civil War that did not secede from the Union – are also often included as part of the South. As border states, these states always were crossroads of values and customs, and today [...] parts of Maryland seem to have become part of the “Northeast.
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Мэрилендынь биотехнологиин 350 үлүү компанитай амиды бодосой шэнжэлхэ ухаанай түб болоһон болоод иимэ байгуулалгын түблэрэлэй хэмжээр уласдаа гурбада ородог.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://choosemaryland.com/businessinmd/Biosciences/bio.html |title=Business in Maryland: Biosciences|accessdate=2007-10-15 |publisher=Maryland Department of Business &amp; Economic Development }}&lt;/ref&gt; Мэрилендтэ Мэрилендэй Ехэ һургуулиин системэ, [[Джонс Хопкинсой Ехэ һургуули]], [[Ховард Хюгзийн Анагааха ухаанай хүрээлэн]], Селера геном зүй, Хүнэй геном шудалал, [[Ж. Крегг Вентер хүрээлэн]], [[хүнэһэн, эмэй ударидаха газар]], [[МедИммюн]], [[Үндэһэнэй эрүүл мэндын хүрээлэн]], [[Үндэһэнэй стандарт, технологиин хүрээлэн]] байрладаг.

== Газарзүйн байра ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;60%&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!colspan=&quot;3&quot;|Хүршэ засаг захиргаанай нэгэжэ
|-
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Баруун-хойто:''&lt;br /&gt;[[Файл:Flag of Pennsylvania.svg|20px]] [[Пенсильвани]]
| width=&quot;30%&quot; | ''Хойто:''&lt;br /&gt;[[Файл:Flag of Pennsylvania.svg|20px]] [[Пенсильвани]]
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Зүүн-хойто:''&lt;br /&gt;[[Файл:Flag of Delaware.svg|20px]] [[Делавэр]]
|-
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Баруун:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of West Virginia.svg|20px]] [[Баруун Вирджини]]
| width=&quot;30%&quot; | [[Файл:Brosen windrose.svg|50px]]
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Зүүн:''&lt;br /&gt;[[Файл:Flag of Delaware.svg|20px]] [[Делавэр]]
|-
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Баруун-урда''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of West Virginia.svg|20px]] [[Баруун Вирджини]]
| width=&quot;30%&quot; | ''Урда:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of Virginia.svg|20px]] [[Вирджини]] {{*}} [[File:Flag of Washington, D.C.svg|20px]] [[Вашингтон (Колумбиин тойрог)|Вашингтон]]
| width=&quot;35%&quot; | ''Зүүн-урда:''&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Flag of Virginia.svg|20px]] [[Вирджини]]
|}

== Зүүлтэ ==
{{зүүлтэ}}

== Холбооһон ==
{{commonscat|Maryland}}

{{АНУ-ай засаг захиргаанай нэгэжэ}}

[[Категори:Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас]]
[[Категори:Мэриленд| ]]</text>
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    <title>Техас</title>
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      <text bytes="9235" sha1="olifd0yakny69vj72gdekvqf0geh7aj" xml:space="preserve">{{Улас орон
 |буряад_нэрэ                 = Техас можо улас
 |уугуул_нэрэ             = State of Texas
 |статус                   = [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас#Холбооной тогтолсоо: можо уласууд болон орон нютагууд|АНУ-ай можо улас]]
 |дуулал                     = 
 |туг                     = Flag of Texas.svg
 |тугай_бэшэлгэ           = Далбаа
 |һүлдэ                     = Seal of Texas.svg
 |һүлдын_бэшэлгэ           = Уласай тамга
 |газарай_зураг                    = Map_of_USA_TX.svg
 |хэмжээ                   = 
 |бэшэлгэ                 = [[АНУ]]-да Техасай байра
 |уряа                    =  ''Friendship''&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;''Найрамдал''&lt;/small&gt;
 |ниислэл                  = [[Остин]]&lt;ref name=metrocompare&gt;[http://www.census.gov/compendia/smadb/SMADBmetro.html State Data from the State and Metropolitan Area Data Book: 2006]. United States Census Bureau. Last accessed [[2007-10-16]].&lt;/ref&gt; 
 |хэлэн                     = үгы байна (''де-факто'' [[Англи хэлэн|англи]])
 |тэргүүнэй_тушаал1     = Амбан захирагша
 |тэргүүн1  = Грег Эбботт
 |тэргүүнэй_тушаал2     = Дэд захирагша
 |тэргүүн2  = Дэн Патрик
 |газар_нютаг                  = 696 241 км²
 |уһанай_хуби                  = 17 406 км² (2,5 %)
 |хүн_ама                = {{increase}} 26 956 958 (2014)&lt;ref name=&quot;2007pop&quot;&gt;http://www.census.gov/popest/states/NST-ann-est.html 2007 Population Estimates&lt;/ref&gt;
 |дополнительный_параметр  = Можо улас болоһон үдэр
 |содержимое_параметра     = 1845 оной 12 һарын 29 (28-дахи)
}}
[[Файл:National-atlas-texas.png|thumb|300px|right|Томо хотонууд болон замуудые харуулһан Техасай газарай зураг.]]

'''Техас''' ({{lang-en|Texas}}) — [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас]]ай Түб Урда хэһэгтэ оршодог АНУ-ай можо улас болоод ''Үншэн одоной можо улас'' гэжэ нэрэтэй. Ниислэлынь [[Остин]] хото. Техас нютаг дэбисхэр, хүн зоноороо АНУ-ай можо уласууд дундаа хоёрто ородог. Ниитэ 696,241 км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; нютаг дэбисхэртэй, 23.9 сая хүн зонтой. можо уласай эгээн томо хотонь [[Хьюстон]]. [[Даллас-Форт Вөрт-Арлингтон]] Техасын эгээн томо метрополитан бүһэ болоод АНУ-да дүрбэдэ ородог.

Дурна зүгһөө баруун зүгтэ аялхада Техасай газар ороной байдал Гүн Урдаһаа Баруун Урдын сүл болон аажуухан хубирха болоод нараһан ойһоо эхилээд [[сарса модон|сарсан]] заримдаг ой, тала нютаг, тэгһэнээ эсэстэнь Биг Бэндын сүл гаража ерэнэ. Техасай энэ үргэн уудам тала нютагһаа «Техаста юм бүхэн томо байдаг» гэһэн хэлэсэ үгэ гаража ерэһэн.&lt;ref name=&quot;biggerTexas&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Gite |first=Lloyd |authorlink=http://findarticles.com/p/search?tb=art&amp;qa=Lloyd+Gite |title=Texas: they say everything is bigger in Texas, but is this true about opportunities for African-Americans in the state's largest cities? |publisher=Black Enterprise |month=June |year=1994 |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1365/is_n11_v24/ai_15429436 |format=html |accessdate=2008-04-28 |archivedate=2005-05-11 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050511175144/http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1365/is_n11_v24/ai_15429436/print }}&lt;/ref&gt; Удаан хугасаанда Америкын үхэрэй ажахын түб боложо ерэһэн түүхээрээ Техас дэлхэйн ехэхэн хэһэгтэ ковбойн дүрэ түрэхөөр танигдадаг бэлэй.

Техас түүхэ, соёлой хубида Америкын Урдын ойро холбоотой. Гэхыдээ [[Испани]], [[Мексика|Мексикын]] харьяанда байһан түүхэтэй тула Техасые Баруун Урдын можо улас гэжэ ангилжа баһа болоно. Оршон һуугшадынь эдэ ангилалые хүлеэн зүбшөөрхын зэргэсээ олон хүн тусгаар Техасай онсо сарай бүһын шошгонуудһаа дээгүүр табигдаха ёһотой гэжэ үзэдэг.

[[Испани]] Техасые эзэмшэһэн түрүүшын Европын улас болоһон. Дараань 1836 ондо тусгаар тогтониһон [[Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Техас Улас]] байгуулагдаха хүрэтэр тус газар нютаг Мексикын бүрилдэхүүндэ бэлэй. 1845 ондо тус улас АНУ-ай 28-дахи можо улас болоод нэгэдэжэ оробо. Техас иимэ АНУ-да нэгэдэһэниинь 1846 ондо [[Мексика-Америкын дайн]] дэгдэхэдэ хүргэһэн үйлэ ябадалай нэгэ байһан болоод уламаар [[Америкын эрхэтэнэй дайн]] дэгдэхэдэ хүрэһэн юм.

1900-аад оной үедэ тус можо уласта газарай тоһон элирһэнээр эдэй засагынь огсом ехэдхэһэн ажа. Тэрэнһээ хойшо Техасай эдэй засаг олон һалбари шэглэлээр хүгжэһэн. Техас үндэр технологи, био анагааха ухаанай шудалга, дээдэ болбосоролой томохон бааза һуури болон хүгжэһөөр байгаа бэлэй. Техас можо уласай ниитэ бүтээгдэхүүнөөр АНУ-да хоёрдохидо ородог.

== Зүүлтэ ==
{{зүүлтэ}}

== Мүн үзэхэ ==
* {{citation|last=Chipman|first=Donald E.|title=Spanish Texas, 1519-1821|publisher=[[University of Texas Press]]|location=[[Austin, TX]]|date=1992|isbn=0292776594}}
* {{citation|last=Weber|first=David J.|title=The Spanish Frontier in North America|publisher=[[Yale University Press]]|location=[[New Haven, CT]]|series=Yale Western Americana Series|date=1992|isbn=0300051980}}
* {{citation|last=Weddle|first=Robert S.|title=Changing Tides: Twilight and Dawn in the Spanish Sea, 1763–1803|series=Centennial Series of the Association of Former Students Number 58|publisher=[[Texas A&amp;M University Press]]|location=[[College Station, TX]]|date=1995|isbn=0890966613}}

== Холбооһон ==
;Можо уласай засагай газар
* [http://www.texasonline.com/portal/tol The State of Texas]
* [http://wikis.ala.org/godort/index.php/Texas Texas State Databases] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080515221125/http://wikis.ala.org/godort/index.php/Texas |date=2008-05-15 }} — Annotated list of searchable databases produced by Texas state agencies and compiled by the ''Government Documents Roundtable of the American Library Association''.
* [http://texaspolitics.laits.utexas.edu Texas Politics]. An online textbook from the College of Liberal Arts, The University of Texas.
;АНУ-ай засагай газар
* [http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/state/state_energy_profiles.cfm?sid=TX Energy Profile for Texas- Economic, environmental, and energy data]
* [http://www.usgs.gov/state/state.asp?State=TX USGS real-time, geographic, and other scientific resources of Texas]
* [http://www.ers.usda.gov/statefacts/TX.htm Texas State Facts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090815113643/http://www.ers.usda.gov/statefacts/TX.HTM |date=2009-08-15 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070713151218/http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/tx/ South and West Texas, a National Park Service ''Discover Our Shared Heritage'' Travel Itinerary]
;Бусад
* [http://www.thestoryoftexas.com/ The Texas State History Museum]
* [http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/ The Handbook of Texas Online] Published by the ''Texas State Historical Association''
* [http://texinfo.library.unt.edu/texasregister/default.htm ''Texas Register''], hosted by the ''University of North Texas Libraries''
* [http://dmoz.org/Regional/North_America/United_States/Texas/ Open Directory: Texas]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070713151218/http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/tx/ South and West Texas: A National Register of Historic Places Travel Itinerary]

{{АНУ-ай засаг захиргаанай нэгэжэ}}

[[Категори:Техас| ]]
[[Категори:Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас]]</text>
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    <title>Танк</title>
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      <text bytes="24634" sha1="7iqp4jel00rl5guwhk00usvhi5wz6v6" xml:space="preserve">[[Файл:PzKpfwIVD.Aberdeen.000a0gpe.jpeg|thumb|300px|Панцеркампфваген IV]]
'''Танк''' ({{lang-en|tank}} — «бааг, уһа нөөсэлхэ һаба»), маша [[галта зэбсэг|зэбсэглэһэн]] ([[буу]], [[пулемёт|пулемёдтай]]) өөрөө ябагша гэнжэтэй байлдаанай [[хуяг]]та [[машина]] юм. Хүдэлөөнтэ операци, тактикын шэнжэтэй добтолго, хамгаалалтын шадабхые хослуулһан [[фронт]]ын шугамай байлдаанай хэрэгсэл юм. Галай хүсэниие эрьелдэгшэ буугай самхагта байрлаха томо калибрын үндэһэн буу, хоёрдогшо пулемёт хоёр бүридүүлнэ. Харин хүндэ хуяг болон хаа сайгүй ябаха хүдэлөөнэй шадабхинь танк болон тэрэнэй багые хамгаалжа, тулалдаанай талбарида хуягта сэрэгэй гүйсэдхэдэг бүхыл гол үүргые хэрэгжүүлхэ боломжоор хангана.&lt;ref&gt;von Senger and Etterlin (1960), ''The World’s Armored Fighting Vehicles'', х.9.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Түүхэ ==
=== Түрүүшын танкууд ===
[[Файл:A7v-wotan-diorama.jpg|thumb|Германиин A7V-Панцерэй реконструкци]]
1904 ондо өөрөө ябагша хуягта машиные [[Австри]]да зохёон бүтээбэ. Уг машиные сэрэгэй дарга, үндэр зэрэглэлтэй улас түрэшэдэй ами наһые хамгаалха зорюулалтаар үйлэдбэрилжэ эхилһэн байна. Энэнэй дараа англиин эрдэмтэд танк зохёон бүтээхэ ажалда эдибхитэй оролсожо 1916 ондо түрүүшын хуягта танкые хүдэлгэһэн байна. Соммын тулалдаанай үеэр [[Ехэ Британи]]ин арми [[Уинстон Черчилль|Уинстон Черчиллиин]] шууд ударидалга доро 2600 оршом танкые үйлэдбэрлээд байһан тухайн саг үедээ дэлхэйн
эгээн хүсэрхэг хуурай замай армиие үүсхээд байба.

[[Дэлхэйн нэгэдүгээр дайн]]ай үедэ [[Ехэ Британи|британишууд]] окопой байлдаанай гасаанһаа гарахын тулада танкые түрүүшынхиеэ бүтээжэ, байлдаанда хэрэглэбэ. Түрүүшынхиеэ [[Соммын тулалдаан]]да үсөөн тоогоор гаргажа ашаглаһан. Танкые анха бүтээжэ байхадаа [[зэбсэг]] гэжэ танигдуулахагүйн тулада [[Месопотами]]ин аян дайнда хэрэглэхэ уһан тээбэрилэгшэ байдалаар зохёон бүтээжэ байһан болон хэжэ бай зүйлөө «танк» гэжэ нэрлэжэ байба. Энэнһээ гадна нэрын гаралай талаар хоёршье ондоо һанал байдаг. XV зуунай дунда үедэ нэрэтэ зохёон бүтээгшэ [[Леонардо Да Винчи]] бүтээлэйнгөө нэгэн хэһэгтэ өөрөө ябагша гэнжэтэй техникые зуража, хэрхэн ажаллаха техникын дэс дараалалые бэшэһэн байдаг. Энэнһээ Англиин зүгнэлтэ зохёолшо Уейлс һанаа абажа «Газарай түмэр хуягта» нэрэтэй үгүүлэлгэеэ бэшэжэ байгаа. Тэрэнэй бүтээл танкын эд ангинуудые нарин дүрсэлжэ бэшэһэн зохёол байгаа. Шухамдаа һанаандагүй бэшэһэн тэрэнэй зохёол ерээдүйн танк бии болоходо шухала үльгэр болоһон юм.

=== Дэлхэйн хоёрдугаар дайнай үе (1939—1945) ===
[[Файл:T-34-85 góra RB.jpg|thumb|300px|Танк [[Т-34-85]]]]
[[Дэлхэйн хоёрдугаар дайн]]ай хоорондо танкын загбар, тактикын шадабари тон хурдасатай һайжаржа, дэлхэйн хоёрдугаар дайнай үеэр танкын шэнэшлэлэй үрдилдөөн эдибхитэй үрнэхэ болобо. Танкынь Дэлхэйн хоёрдугаар дайнай үедэ асар ехэ үүргэ гүйсэдхэһэн юм. [[Зүблэтэ Холбоо]]до дайнай турша хэрэглэжэ байһан эгээн шэлдэг танкынь [[Т-34]] ба [[КВ]] юм. Тэрэниие бүтээһэнээр танкын һунгадаг загбар бии болоо. Юрэнхыдөө XX зуунай хахадта танкын үрдилдөөн Т-34 болон [[Барс танк]]ын хоорондо ябагдаһан. Т-34 [[Улаан арми]]ин зэбсэглэлдэ 1939 ондо ороһон ба Эсэгэ ороной дайнай хуягта техникын үндэһэниинь болоһон юм. Дэлхэйн хоёрдугаар дайны эгээн олон тооной танкые Т-34 гэхэ ба тэрэниие [[Михаил Ильич Кошкин]]ай ударидаһан олон зохёон бүтээгшэ, инженернүүдэй [[Харьков]]то хэһэн бүтээл байгаа. Мүн эгээн нэрэ суутайшье баһа хамагай «үлэ танигдаһан» танк юм. [[Нацис Германи|Фашис Германиие]] илаһан илалтын нэгэ бэлгэдэл Т-34. Дайнай эхин үеэр германишуудай танкта эсэргүү хэрэгсэл тэрэниие усадхажа шадахагүй шахуу байгаа. Зузаан хуяг, хуягай юрэ буһын налуугаар уг танк дабуу талаа абаһан байба. 1941 ондо Германи танкуудһаа Т-34 хамаагүй дабуу байһанда маргаха зүйлгүй. Гэхыдээ хэдэн хэдэн дутагдал байгаа. Дурангын шанар һайн бэшэ. Танкын даргань сумлагшые хамтаран хэжэ байһан ба оршоной хиналтань хизгаарлагдамал, дотор самхагай дотор (76 мм-ын ехэ буутай Т-34-ын хубида) зай ехэхэн дабшуу ашагтай тусхал 300 метрын дотор зайда Германи (Panzerkampfwagen T-VI «Тiger») «Барсын» хуягые нэбтэлжэ шадахаар байһан болон Германи Барс танкуудта даргань сумлагшые хэжэ байгаагүйһөө өөрөө байлдаанай талбариие бүрин хинаха боломжоор үлүү, 1000 метрһээ багагүй зайһаа буудалга хэжэ Т-34-ые һүнөөхэ бололсоотой байгаа. Германи танкууд дайнай турша Т-34-ые маневр, хурдаараа гүйсөөгүй бэлэй. [[Яков Вихман]], [[Иван Трашутин]] хоёрой бүтээһэн В-2 [[дизель хүдэлүүр]] уг танкын хурдые хаашье байхагүйгөөр нэмэгдүүлжэ үгэһэн ба [[түлишэ]] голдоггүй, хэмнэлтэтэй байгаа.

Энэ танк 1943 ондо [[Улаан арми]]ин хамагай олон тооной машина болоһон юм. Уламаар Германи армида хүсэтэй танкууд ба танк эсэргүүсэхэ шэнэ зэбсэг гаража ерэһэн бэлэй. Тэдэндэ эсэргүү ганса зам байһаниинь Т-34-ые шэншэлэн 85 мм-ын буутай ута хуягыень зузаалха хэрэгтэй болоһон юм. Иигээд шэнээр үйлэдбэрилэгдэһэн Т-34-85 танк олоноор фрондто гаража ерэн энэ машинай алдар нэрые ехэдхэбэ. Дайнай үеэр энэ танкые долоон үйлэдбэридэ хэһэн ба ниитэдээ 33805 шэрхэг Т-34, 21046 шэрхэг Т-34-85 ба тэдэнэй ехэ бэе дээрэ бүтээгдэһэн өөрөө ябаха ехэ буу 5780 шэрхэгые тус тус үйлэдбэрилэбэ.

Дэлхэйн хоёрдугаар дайнай хоорондо танкын загбар, тактикын шадабариие улам һайжаруулжа, Дэлхэйн хоёрдугаар дайнай үеэр хубиһан хүгжэжэ мүнөөе хүрэтэр оршожо байгаа [[хуягта техникын байлдаан]]ай концепциие бии болгоһон ба Дэлхэйн хоёрдугаар дайнай үедэ асар ехэ үүргэ гүйсэдхэһэн юм. [[Зүблэлтэ Холбоо]]ной дайнай турша хэрэглэжэ байһан эгээн шэлдэг танкуудай нэгэ болохо [[Т-34]]-ээ бүтээһэниинь байлдаанай үндэһэн танкын түрүүшын загбарай нэгэ болоһон. Германи танкын асар ехэ хүсые [[артиллери]], агаарай хүсөөр дэмжүүлэн дайсанай фронтые гэнтээр сохижо, дайсанай эсэргүүсэлые бүрин задалха [[сахилгаан дайн|блицкриг]] гэһэн стратегиие болбосоруулаа.

=== Мүнөөнэй танкууд ===
[[Файл:2 norwegian Leopard tanks in the snow.jpg|thumb|left|[[Норвеги]]ин хуягта танкын сэрэгэй «Леопард» байлдаанай танк]]
Мүнөө үедэ танкые амяараа ашаглахань хобор болон гол түлэб ябаган сэрэгээр дэмжүүлһэн хуягта танкын анги болгон зохёон байгуулха болоһон. Ябаган сэрэг танкые дагахадаа хуягта тээбэриин хэрэгсэл гү, али ябаган сэрэгэй байлдаанай техниката һуужа болоно. Тэрэшэлэн хуягта танкын ангиие тагнуулай ба дайрагша бүмбэгэдэгшэ ниидэхэ онгосо, байлдаанай ниидэдэг тэрэниие дагалдадаг.

Ехэ шадабхи, олон талата хэрэглээтэй тула байлдаанай танк оршон үеын арминуудай нэгэ гол бүрилдэхүүн хэһэг гэжэ тоосогдодог.&lt;ref name = &quot;House1984&quot;&gt;[[#House1984|House (1984)]], ''Toward Combined Arms Warfare:A Survey of 20th-Century Tactics, Doctrine, and Organization''&lt;/ref&gt; Гэхыдээ уламжалалта буса, хүсэ тэнсэбэригүй байлдаан зонхилхо болоһон, танк усадхаха зорюулалтын зэбсэг техника олоноор зохёон бүтээгдэжэ хуягта танкын хүсэнэй ашагтай талада этигэл ядаха хандалгатай болоһон.&lt;ref&gt;{{ Citation | first = Roger | last = Tranquiler | title =  Modern Warfare. A French View of Counterinsurgency, trans. Daniel Lee | quote = Pitting a traditional combined armed force trained and equipped to defeat similar military organisations against insurgents reminds one of a pile driver attempting to crush a fly, indefatigably persisting in repeating its efforts.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Танкые XXI зуунай хэрэгсээндэ ниисүүлэн хүгжүүлхын тулада шудалгаа, туршалтын ажал хэгдэһээр байгаа бэлэй.

== Зүүлтэ ==
{{зүүлтэ}}

== Ном зохёол ==
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* {{Citation
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    | accessdate = 2008-05-16
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    | publisher = US Army War College
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    | doi = 
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    | title = The World's Armoured Fighting Vehicles
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    | volume = 43
    | issue = 1
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* {{ Citation
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    | title = Tank: The Progress of a Monstrous War Machine
    | publisher =
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* {{Citation
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    | first = Li
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    | journal = IEEE Transaction on Magnetics
    | volume = 43
    | issue = 1
    | pages = 460–462
    | publisher =
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* {{ Citation
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* {{ Citation
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    | year = 1997
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    | id = ISBN 962-361-615-5}}

== Уншвал зохих ном ==
* {{ Citation
| last = Macksey
| first = Kenneth
| title = Tank Warfare, A History of Tanks in Battle
| year = 1976
| location = London
| publisher = Panther
| id = ISBN 0-586-04302-0
}}
* {{ Citation
| author = Macksey, Kenneth and Batchelor, John H.
| title = Tank: A History of the Armoured Fighting Vehicle
| location = New York
| publisher = Scribner
| year = 1970
| id = ISBN 0345021665; ISBN 0356034615; ISBN 0684136511
}}
* {{ Citation
| last = Ogorkiewicz
| first = Richard M.
| title = Design and Development of Fighting Vehicles
| year = 1968
| location = London
| publisher = MacDonald
| id = ISBN 0-356-01461-4
}}
* {{ Citation
| last = Ogorkiewicz
| first = Richard M.
| title = Armoured Forces: A History of Armoured Forces and Their Vehicles
| year = 1970
| publisher = Arms &amp; Armour Press
| id = ISBN 0-85368-049-3
}}
* {{ Citation
| last = Ogorkiewicz
| first = Richard M.
| title = Technology of Tanks
| year = 1991
| location = Coulsdon, Surrey
| publisher = Jane's Information Group
| id = ISBN 0-7106-0595-1
}}
* {{ Citation
| last = Weeks
| first = John
| title = Men Against Tanks: A History of Anti-Tank Warfare
| location = New York
| publisher = Mason Charter
| year = 1975
| id = ISBN 0-88405-130-7; ISBN 0-7153-6909-1
}}

== Холбооһон ==
* [http://www.landships.freeservers.com/burstyn_tank.htm The Burstyn tank] Landships has additional information and a model of [[Günther Burstyn]]'s ''Motorengeschütz''.
* [http://www.onwar.com/tanks/index.htm OnWar’s Tanks of World War II] Comprehensive specifications and diagrams of World War II tanks.
* [http://www.achtungpanzer.com/panzer.htm Achtung Panzer] History of tanks and people of the Panzertruppe.
* [http://wio.ru/tank/ww1tank.htm Tanks of World War I]
* [http://wio.ru/tank/ww2aces.htm Allied tank aces of World War II]

[[Категори:Зэбсэг]]

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|image_caption=Хитад уламжалалта хубсаһата залуушуул
|population=1,310 тэрбум
|popplace   = {{flagcountry|Georgia}} 3 661 173&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Georgian Census 2002 |url=http://www.ecmicaucasus.org/upload/stats/Census%202002.pdf |accessdate=2016-01-17 |archivedate=2019-01-07 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107090516/http://www.ecmicaucasus.org/upload/stats/Census%202002.pdf%20 }}&lt;/ref&gt; — 3 956 000&lt;ref name=cia&gt;{{cite web|title=CIA World Factbook:Georgia|author=Central Intelligence Agency of United States|publisher=The World Factbook (CIA)|date=May 17, 2011|accessdate=May 27, 2011|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gg.html|archivedate=October 16, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016075816/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gg.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|region1    = {{Flagcountry|PRC}}
|pop1       = 1.240 тэрбум
|ref1       = &lt;ref name=&quot;ciastat&quot;&gt;[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.html CIA Factbook] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070612213511/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.html |date=2007-06-12 }}: &quot;Han Chinese 91.6%&quot; out of a reported population of 1,355 billion (July 2014 est.)&lt;/ref&gt;
|region3    = {{Flagcountry|Taiwan}}
|pop3       = 22,575,365
|ref3       = &lt;ref name=&quot;ciastat&quot; /&gt;
|region4   = {{Flagcountry|Thailand}}
|pop4      = 9,349,900
|ref4      = &lt;ref&gt;Barbara A. West (2009), Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania, Facts on File, p. 794, ISBN 1438119135&lt;/ref&gt;
|region5   = {{Flagcountry|Malaysia}}
|pop5      = 6,960,000
|ref5      = &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://www.statistics.gov.my/index.php?r=column/ctheme&amp;menu_id=L0pheU43NWJwRWVSZklWdzQ4TlhUUT09&amp;bul_id=MDMxdHZjWTk1SjFzTzNkRXYzcVZjdz09 |accessdate=2016-01-17 |archivedate=2016-01-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106231024/https://www.statistics.gov.my/index.php?r=column%2Fctheme&amp;menu_id=L0pheU43NWJwRWVSZklWdzQ4TlhUUT09&amp;bul_id=MDMxdHZjWTk1SjFzTzNkRXYzcVZjdz09 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.themalaymailonline.com/malaysia/article/population-to-hit-30-million-today-statistics-department-says&lt;/ref&gt;
|region6    = {{Flagcountry|Hong Kong}}
|pop6       = 6,593,410
|ref6       = &lt;ref name=&quot;ciastat&quot; /&gt;
|region7   = {{Flagcountry|United States}}
|pop7     = 3,794,673
|ref7      = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Race Reporting for the Asian Population by Selected Categories: 2010 more information|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_SF1_QTP8&amp;prodType=table|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=19 January 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|region8    = {{Flagcountry|Indonesia}}
|pop8      = 2,832,510
|ref8     = &lt;ref name=&quot;census 2010&quot;&gt;{{cite book
  | last =
  | first =
  | publisher =Badan Pusat Statistik
  | title =Kewarganegaraan, Suku Bangsa, Agama dan Bahasa Sehari-hari Penduduk Indonesia Hasil Sensus Penduduk  2010
  | year =2011
  | accessdate =
  | isbn =9789790644175
  | url =http://sp2010.bps.go.id/files/ebook/kewarganegaraan%20penduduk%20indonesia/index.html
  }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170710134114/http://sp2010.bps.go.id/files/ebook/kewarganegaraan%20penduduk%20indonesia/index.html |date=2017-07-10 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|region9    = {{Flagcountry|Singapore}}
|pop9      = 2,547,300
|ref9      = &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.nptd.gov.sg/portals/0/news/population-in-brief-2014.pdf |accessdate=2016-01-17 |archivedate=2016-03-04 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304082553/http://www.nptd.gov.sg/portals/0/news/population-in-brief-2014.pdf }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|region10  = {{Flagcountry|Burma}}
|pop10     = 1,637,540
|ref10     = &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bm.html |accessdate=2016-01-17 |archivedate=2007-06-12 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070612210649/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bm.html }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|region11  = {{flagcountry|Canada}}
|pop11      = 1,487,580
|ref11      = &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.asiapacific.ca/statistics/population/population-2011-census/population-ethnic-origin-province |accessdate=2016-01-17 |archivedate=2016-03-22 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322152756/http://www.asiapacific.ca/statistics/population/population-2011-census/population-ethnic-origin-province }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|region12   = {{Flagcountry|Philippines}}
|pop12      = 1,350,000
|ref12      = &lt;ref&gt;http://www.senate.gov.ph/press_release/2013/0121_prib1.asp&lt;/ref&gt;
|region13   = {{Flagcountry|Peru}}
|pop13      = 1,300,000
|ref13      = &lt;ref name=&quot;ocac&quot;&gt;[http://www.ocac.gov.tw/english/public/public.asp?selno=1163&amp;no=1163&amp;level=B :: Overseas Compatriot Affairs Commission, R.O.C. ::] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131123193905/http://www.ocac.gov.tw/english/public/public.asp?selno=1163&amp;no=1163&amp;level=B |date=2013-11-23 }}. Ocac.gov.tw (2004-08-24). Retrieved on 2010-12-12.&lt;/ref&gt;
|region14   = {{Flagcountry|Cambodia}}
|pop14      = 1,180,000
|ref14      = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-06/07/content_8324545.htm|title=Cambodia: Zongzi becomes a tool of affection relay_English_Xinhua|publisher=|accessdate=2016-01-17|archivedate=2015-11-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119103525/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-06/07/content_8324545.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|region15   = {{Flagcountry|RUS}}
|pop15      = 998,000
|ref15      = &lt;ref name=&quot;ocac&quot; /&gt;
|region16   = {{Flagcountry|South Korea}}
|pop16    = 898,113
|ref16      =&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.immigration.go.kr/HP/COM/bbs_003/ListShowData.do?strNbodCd=noti0096&amp;strWrtNo=126&amp;strAnsNo=A&amp;strOrgGbnCd=104000&amp;strRtnURL=IMM_6050&amp;strAllOrgYn=N&amp;strThisPage=1&amp;strFilePath=imm/|title=迬(۳) &lt; ڷ &lt; Ա·ܱå|author=Աܱå|publisher=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|region17   = {{Flagcountry|Australia}}
|pop17      = 866,200
|ref17      = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/2071.0main+features902012-2013|title=2071.0 -  Reflecting a Nation: Stories from the 2011 Census, 2012–2013|publisher=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|region18   = {{Flagcountry|Vietnam}}
|pop18      = 823,070
|ref18      = &lt;ref&gt;http://www.gso.gov.vn/default_en.aspx?tabid=476&amp;idmid=4&amp;ItemID=9815&lt;/ref&gt;
|region19   = {{Flagcountry|Japan}}
|pop19      = 655,377
|ref19      = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title = 国籍（出身地）別在留資格（在留目的）別外国人登録者(Number of foreign residents by country in 2008) |url = http://www.e-stat.go.jp/SG1/estat/Xlsdl.do?sinfid=000004032096 |publisher = Ministry of Justice |date = 2009-09-04 |language = Japanese}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|region20    = {{Flagcountry|Macau}}
|pop20       = 433,641
|ref20       = &lt;ref name=&quot;ciastat&quot; /&gt;
|region21   = {{Flagcountry|United Kingdom}}
|pop21      = 433,150
|ref21      = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-and-quick-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-the-united-kingdom---part-1/rft-ks201uk.xls|title=2011 Census: Ethnic group, local authorities in the United Kingdom|publisher=Office for National Statistics|date=11 October 2013|accessdate=13 April 2015|archivedate=23 January 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160123182221/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-and-quick-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-the-united-kingdom---part-1/rft-ks201uk.xls}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|region22   = {{Flagcountry|Venezuela}}
|pop22      = 400,000
|ref22      = &lt;ref&gt;http://convergencia.uaemex.mx/rev38/38pdf/LIZCANO.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140224061845/http://convergencia.uaemex.mx/rev38/38pdf/LIZCANO.pdf |date=2014-02-24 }} &quot;Chinese people are an important population mostly in Venezuela (400,000)...&quot; P. 201 (in Spanish)&lt;/ref&gt;
|region23   = {{Flagcountry|South Africa}}
|pop23      = 350,000
|ref23      = &lt;ref name=&quot;Park2009&quot;&gt;{{cite book |url = http://www.inter-disciplinary.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/rei-v1.3b.pdf |work = Representation, Expression and Identity |year = 2009 |publisher = Interdisciplinary Perspectives |title = Recent Chinese Migrations to South Africa – New Intersections of Race, Class and Ethnicity |first = Yoon Jung |last = Park |isbn = 978-1-904710-81-3 |accessdate = September 20, 2010 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101228041728/http://www.inter-disciplinary.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/rei-v1.3b.pdf |date=December 28, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|region24   = {{Flagcountry|Italy}}
|pop24      = 320,794 
|ref24      = &lt;ref name=&quot;istat&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=http://www.istat.it/it/archivio/129854}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|region25   = {{flagcountry|France}}
|pop25      = 230,515
|ref25      = &lt;ref name=&quot;ocac&quot; /&gt;
|region26   = {{Flagcountry|Germany}}
|pop26      = 204,828
|ref26      = &lt;ref name=&quot;ocac&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;migration-info.de&quot;&gt;http://www.migration-info.de/mub_artikel.php?Id=110904&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;destatis.de&quot;&gt;{{de icon}} [https://www.destatis.de/DE/PresseService/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/2010/07/PD10_248_122.html Erstmals mehr als 16 Millionen Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund in Deutschland] Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland (German text about migrants in Germany)&lt;/ref&gt;
|region27   = {{Flagcountry|Spain}}
|pop27      = 197,214
|region28   = {{Flagcountry|India}}
|pop28      = 189,470
|ref28      = &lt;ref name=&quot;ocac&quot; /&gt;
|region29   = {{Flagcountry|Laos}}
|pop29      = 185,765
|ref29      = &lt;ref name=&quot;ocac&quot; /&gt;
|region30   = {{flagcountry|Brazil}}
|pop30      = 151,649
|ref30      = &lt;ref name=&quot;ocac&quot; /&gt;
|region31   = {{Flagcountry|New Zealand}}
|pop31      = 147,510
|ref31      = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= http://www.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/population/estimates_and_projections/NationalEthnicPopulationProjections_HOTP2006-26/Technical%20Notes.aspx |title=National Ethnic Population Projections: 2006(base)–2026 update |accessdate=July 22, 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|region32   = {{flagcountry|Netherlands}}
|pop32      = 144,928
|region33      = {{Flagcountry|Panama}}
|pop33      = 135,000
|ref33      = &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.gio.gov.tw/taiwan-website/5-gp/panama/ch_pa01.htm#3 ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081204231050/http://www.gio.gov.tw/taiwan-website/5-gp/panama/ch_pa01.htm#3 |date=2008-12-04 }} {{wayback|url=http://www.gio.gov.tw/taiwan-website/5-gp/panama/ch_pa01.htm#3 |date=20081204231050 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/world/monitoring/media_reports/1166678.stm |work = BBC News |title = Little China in Belgrade |date = 2001-02-12 |accessdate = 2010-05-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|region34   = {{Flagcountry|Cuba}}
|pop34      = 114,240
|ref34      = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cu.html|title=The World Factbook|publisher=|accessdate=2016-01-17|archivedate=2011-10-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111024061151/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cu.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|region35   = {{Flagcountry|Costa Rica}}
|pop35      = ca 40,000
|ref35      = &lt;ref name=&quot;ciastat&quot; /&gt;
|region36   = {{Flagcountry|Ireland}}
|pop36      = 11,218
|ref36      = &lt;ref&gt;[http://beyond2020.cso.ie/Census/TableViewer/tableView.aspx?ReportId=1835] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121016092935/http://beyond2020.cso.ie/Census/TableViewer/tableView.aspx?ReportId=1835 |date=2012-10-16 }}  {{wayback|url=http://beyond2020.cso.ie/Census/TableViewer/tableView.aspx?ReportId=1835 |date=20121016092935 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|region37   = {{Flagcountry|Christmas Island}}
|pop37      = ~940
|ref37      = &lt;ref name=pau&gt;{{cite web|last=Hibbard|first=John|title=A COMPARISON OF CABLE AND SATELLITE FOR CHRISTMAS ISLAND COMMUNICATIONS|url=http://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/House_of_Representatives_Committees?url=/ncet/economicenvironment/subs/sub15.3.pdf|accessdate=17 July 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|languages= [[Хитад хэлэн]] ([[Кантон хэлэн|кантон]], [[У хэлэн|у]], [[Минь хэлэн|минь]], [[Юэ хэлэн|юэ]], [[Цзинь хэлэн|цзинь]] мэтэ баһа багтана)
|related= 
|religions= [[буддын шажан]], [[бомбын шажан]], [[Күнзын һургаал]]
}}
'''Хитадууд''' ({{lang-zho|漢族}}, ''ханьцзу''), [[Хитад Улас]]ай, [[Тайвань|Тайваниин]] ба [[Сингапур]]ай диилэнхи [[арад түмэн]]. Ниитэдээ 1,310 тэрбум үлүү хүн зонтой. [[Хитад хэлэн|Хитад хэлэтэй]]. Юрэнхыдөө [[буддын шажан|буддын]], [[бомбын шажан|бомбын]], [[Күнзын һургаал|күнзын]] шажантад.

== Зүүлтэ ==
{{зүүлтэ}}

[[Категори:Хитад]]
[[Категори:Хитадай арадууд]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Мухаммед Али</title>
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      <text bytes="3623" sha1="0z6nv44d6842pzxn6r34xg22we1vilh" xml:space="preserve">{{Алдартай хүн
|нэрэ = Мухаммед Али
|уугуул_нэрэ = Muhammad Ali
|зураг = Muhammad Ali NYWTS.jpg
|image_caption = 
|ажал_үйлэ = 
|түрэһэн_үдэр = 
|түрэһэн_газар = [[Луисвилль]], [[Кентукки]]
|иргэн = {{USA}}
|наһа_бараһан_үдэр = 
|наһа_бараһан_газар = [[Скоттсдейл (Аризона)|Скоттсдейл]], [[Аризона]]
|ажал_хэһэн_саг  = 
|нүхэр = 
|һургалта = 
|хүүгэд =
|шагнал = 
|гар    = 
}}
'''Мухаммед Али''' ({{lang-en|Muhammad Ali}}, хуушан нэрэнь '''Бага Кассиус Марселлус Клэй''' ''Cassius Marcellus Clay, Jr.''; * 1942 оной 1 һарын 17-нда түрэһэн, † 2016 оной 6 hарын 3) [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас]]ай [[бокс]]ёр. &lt;ref name=&quot;Ward&quot;&gt;[http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/ah/2006/5/2006_5_48.shtml Nathan Ward] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070111061103/http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/ah/2006/5/2006_5_48.shtml |date=2007-01-11 }} &quot;'A Total Eclipse of the Sonny,'&quot; ''American Heritage'', Oct. 2006.&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Намтар ==
Кассиус Марселлус Клэй 1942 оной 1 һарын 17-нда [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас]]ай [[Кентукки|Кентукки можо уласай]] [[Луисвилль]] хотодо түрөө һэн.

Кассиус Клэй гэжэ нэрэтэй байһан аад тэрэнэй 1964 ондо [[Лалын шажан|исламай]] шажанай нэрээр Мухаммед Али болгоһон. 1967 ондо Али америкын армида дуудуулһан, тэрэ сагта [[Вьетнамай дайн]] боложо байһан дээрэһээ тэрээндэ ошохогүйб гээд байшаһан юм. Америкын арми албан боложо ошохогүйдэнь боксёрнуудай холбоонууд (ассоциаци) 4 жэл ринг дээшэ гаража шадахагүйш гэжэ хэлэһэн. Тэрэ сагтаа Мухаммед Али ехэ һургуули юумээр ябажа олон лекци элидхэһэн. 

1971 ондо [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Уласай Дээдэ шүүхын газар]] Мухаммед Алиеэ ринг руу табиһанай һүүлээр дахин шашалдажа эхилһэн. 1980 ондо Ларри Холмс тээ һүүлшын дахин ринг руу гараһан.  

Ринг гаража болиходоо 61 дахин ринг гараһан юм, тэрэнэй 56 шүгөө (37 унатрын шаага) тиигэд ганса 5 шүүгдөө.&lt;ref name=boxrecords&gt;{{cite web|accessdate=2008-05-20|url=http://www.boxrec.com/list_bouts.php?human_id=180&amp;cat=boxer|title=boxer: Muhammad Ali|publisher=BoxRec|archivedate=2013-01-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130121003540/http://boxrec.com/list_bouts.php?human_id=180&amp;cat=boxer}}&lt;/ref&gt;. 

1984 ондо Али эмнэлгын газарта ороһон нюудэ юумэниинь муу болоходонь, тиихэдэнь эмшэнэр [[Паркинсоной үбшэн|Паркинсонай үбшөөр]] үбдэнэ гэжэ ойлгоһон.

2016 оной 6 һарын 3-да наһа бараһан.

== Холбооһон ==

== Зүүлтэ ==
{{зүүлтэ}}

[[Категори:Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас|*]]


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    <title>COVID-19-дэ эсэргүү вакцинын зүбшөөрэлэй жагсаалта</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>12578</id>
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      <id>74938</id>
      <parentid>74892</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-25T00:04:48Z</timestamp>
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      <text bytes="318778" sha1="lcoko2fmf1rpknzflzotvajk6hdpdq5" xml:space="preserve">National [[regulation of therapeutic goods|regulatory authorities]] have granted emergency use authorizations for thirty-four [[COVID-19 vaccine]]s.

Nine vaccines have been approved for emergency or full use by at least one [[List of stringent regulatory authorities|stringent regulatory authority]] recognized by the [[World Health Organization]] (WHO): [[Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine|Pfizer–BioNTech]], [[Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine|Oxford–AstraZeneca]], [[Sinopharm BIBP COVID-19 vaccine|Sinopharm BIBP]], [[Moderna COVID-19 vaccine|Moderna]], [[Janssen COVID-19 vaccine|Janssen]], [[CoronaVac]], [[Covaxin]], [[Novavax COVID-19 vaccine|Novavax]] and [[Convidecia]]. Five others are under assessment by the WHO: [[Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine|Sputnik V]], [[Sinopharm WIBP COVID-19 vaccine|Sinopharm WIBP]], [[Sanofi–GSK COVID-19 vaccine|Sanofi–GSK]] and [[SCB-2019]].&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO status&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Status of COVID-19 Vaccines within WHO EUL/PQ evaluation process|url=https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/key-resources/documents/status-covid-19-vaccines-within-who-eulpq-evaluation-process|publisher=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO)}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Specific versions of six vaccines have been authorized by the [[European Medicines Agency]] (EMA): [[Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine|Pfizer–BioNTech]], [[Janssen COVID-19 vaccine|Janssen]], [[Novavax COVID-19 vaccine|Novavax]], [[Moderna COVID-19 vaccine|Moderna]], [[Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine|Oxford–AstraZeneca]], and [[Valneva COVID-19 vaccine|Valneva]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=COVID-19 vaccines: authorised |url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-disease-covid-19/treatments-vaccines/vaccines-covid-19/covid-19-vaccines-authorised |website=[[European Medicines Agency]] (EMA)}}&lt;/ref&gt; Specific versions of another three vaccines are under evaluation by the EMA: [[Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine|Sputnik V]], [[CoronaVac]], and [[Sanofi–GSK COVID-19 vaccine|Sanofi–GSK]].&lt;ref name=&quot;ema.europa.eu&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=COVID-19 vaccines: under evaluation |url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-disease-covid-19/treatments-vaccines/vaccines-covid-19/covid-19-vaccines-under-evaluation |website=[[European Medicines Agency]] (EMA)}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Note that in some countries, vaccines may be authorized solely for travel purposes. They may not be approved for the general population. For example, the [[CoronaVac]], [[Covishield]], [[Sinopharm BIBP COVID-19 vaccine|BBIBP-CorV]] and [[Covaxin]] vaccines are not part of Australia's [[COVID-19 vaccination in Australia|national vacciation program]], however, they are recognised for the purpose of travel to Australia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=International COVID-19 vaccines recognised by Australia |url=https://www.tga.gov.au/international-covid-19-vaccines-recognised-australia |website=Therapeutic Goods Administration |publisher=Australian Government Department of Health |access-date=12 January 2022 |accessdate=25 December 2021 |archivedate=7 February 2022 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207080016/https://www.tga.gov.au/international-covid-19-vaccines-recognised-australia }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=COVID-19 and the border - Vaccinated travellers |url=https://covid19.homeaffairs.gov.au/vaccinated-travellers#toc-0 |website=Department of Home Affairs |publisher=Australian Government Department of Home Affairs |access-date=12 January 2022 |accessdate=6 July 2022 |archivedate=14 March 2022 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220314092238/https://covid19.homeaffairs.gov.au/vaccinated-travellers#toc-0 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.smartraveller.gov.au/COVID-19/COVID-19-vaccinations#TGA-approved |website=Smartraveller |publisher=Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade |access-date=12 January 2022|title=COVID-19 vaccinations }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{Horizontal TOC}}

== Overview maps ==
{| class=center
|
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot; widths=&quot;400&quot; heights=&quot;300&quot;&gt;
File:COVID-19 RNA and DNA vaccines authorization map.svg|&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left&quot;&gt;[[RNA vaccine]]s and [[DNA vaccine]]s{{Legend|#800080|[[Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine|Pfizer–BioNTech]]}}{{Legend|#008800|[[Moderna COVID-19 vaccine|Moderna]]}}{{Legend|#008CFF|[[ZyCoV-D]]}}&lt;/div&gt;
File:COVID-19 adenovirus vaccines authorization map.svg|&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left&quot;&gt;[[Viral vector vaccine|Adenovirus vector vaccines]]{{Legend|#000088|[[Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine|Oxford–AstraZeneca]]}}{{Legend|#008800|[[Janssen COVID-19 vaccine|Janssen]]}}{{Legend|#880000|[[Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine|Sputnik V]]}}{{Legend|#FF008C|[[Sputnik Light]]}}{{Legend|#888800|[[Convidecia]]}}&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;

&lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot; widths=&quot;400&quot; heights=&quot;300&quot;&gt;
File:COVID-19 inactivated vaccines authorization map.svg|&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left&quot;&gt;[[Inactivated vaccine|Inactivated virus vaccines]]{{Legend|#008888|[[Sinopharm BIBP COVID-19 vaccine|Sinopharm BIBP]]}}{{Legend|#888800|[[CoronaVac]]}}{{Legend|#FF008C|[[Valneva COVID-19 vaccine|Valneva]]}}{{Legend|#800080|[[Covaxin]]}}{{Legend|#FF8C00|[[Sinopharm WIBP COVID-19 vaccine|Sinopharm WIBP]]}}{{Legend|#666666|Others}}&lt;/div&gt;
File:COVID-19 subunit and VLP vaccines authorization map.svg|&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left&quot;&gt;[[Subunit vaccine]]s{{Legend|#FF8C00|[[Novavax COVID-19 vaccine|Novavax]]}}{{Legend|#008CFF|[[Abdala (vaccine)|Abdala]]}}{{Legend|#008888|[[EpiVacCorona]]}}{{Legend|#8C00FF|[[ZF2001|Zifivax]]}}{{Legend|#8CFF00|[[Soberana 02]]}}{{Legend|#666666|Others}}&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

== Oxford–AstraZeneca ==
&lt;section begin=&quot;oxfordauthmap&quot;/&gt;
{{infobox
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| caption          = {{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|turquoise|Allowed for travel}}
{{leftlegend|limegreen|Eligible [[COVAX]] recipient}}
{{leftlegend|darkred|Usage stopped}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;oxfordauthmap&quot;/&gt;
The [[Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine]], sold under the brand names Vaxzevria&lt;ref name=&quot;Vaxzevria EPAR&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=Vaxzevria (previously COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca) EPAR | publisher=[[European Medicines Agency]] (EMA) | url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/vaxzevria-previously-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca }}&lt;/ref&gt; and Covishield,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=4 March 2021|title=Covishield and Covaxin: What we know about India's Covid-19 vaccines|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55748124|access-date=8 March 2021|archive-date=7 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307222320/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55748124|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; is a [[viral vector vaccine]]&lt;ref name=&quot;NCT044008383&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=26 May 2020|title=Investigating a Vaccine Against COVID-19|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04400838|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084750/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04400838/|archive-date=11 October 2020|access-date=14 July 2020|website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]]|publisher=[[United States National Library of Medicine]]|id=NCT04400838}}&lt;/ref&gt; produced by the British [[University of Oxford]], British-Swedish company [[AstraZeneca]], and the [[Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations|Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations&lt;wbr /&gt;]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NCT044008383&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EudraCT-2020-001228-322&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=21 April 2020|title=A Phase 2/3 study to determine the efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of the candidate Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19|url=https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2020-001228-32/GB|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005201654/https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2020-001228-32/GB|archive-date=5 October 2020|access-date=3 August 2020|website=EU Clinical Trials Register|publisher=European Union|id=[[EudraCT]] 2020-001228-32}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ISRCTN899514242&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=O'Reilly|first1=Peter|date=26 May 2020|title=A Phase III study to investigate a vaccine against COVID-19|doi=10.1186/ISRCTN89951424|id=ISRCTN89951424|doi-access=free|website=ISRCTN|name-list-style=vanc}}&lt;/ref&gt; Finland, Denmark and Norway suspended the use of the Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccine due to a small number of reports of a rare blood clot disorder.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=THL temporarily suspends the use of the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine - Press release - THL |url=https://thl.fi/en/web/thlfi-en/-/thl-temporarily-suspends-the-use-of-the-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccine |website=Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Finland |access-date=5 December 2021 }}{{Dead link|date=March 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title=Denmark continues its vaccine rollout without the COVID-19 vaccine from AstraZeneca | website=Danish Health Authority | date=14 April 2021 | url=https://www.sst.dk/en/english/news/2021/denmark-continues-its-vaccine-rollout-without-the-covid-19-vaccine-from-astrazeneca | access-date=31 July 2021 | quote=That is why it is important to emphasise that it is still an approved vaccine. | accessdate=6 October 2021 | archivedate=31 July 2021 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210731185815/https://www.sst.dk/en/english/news/2021/denmark-continues-its-vaccine-rollout-without-the-covid-19-vaccine-from-astrazeneca }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Peltier |first1=Elian |title=Denmark says it's permanently stopping use of the AstraZeneca vaccine. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/14/world/europe/denmark-astrazeneca-vaccine.html |work=The New York Times |date=14 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=omsorgsdepartementet|first=Helse-og|date=12 May 2021|title=AstraZeneca-vaksinen tas ut av koronavaksinasjons-programmet|url=https://www.regjeringen.no/no/aktuelt/astrazeneca-vaksinen-tas-ut-av-koronavaksinasjonsprogrammet/id2849494/|access-date=12 May 2021|website=Regjeringen.no|language=no}}&lt;/ref&gt; Slovakia suspended its use after the death of a predisposed recipient.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Slovakia suspends use of AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine as a recipient dies |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/slovakia-halting-use-astrazeneca-covid-vaccine-first-doses-2021-05-11/ |access-date=23 June 2021 |date=11 May 2021 |work=Reuters |location=Prague}}&lt;/ref&gt; South Africa suspended its use because a small trial found only minimal protection against mild to moderate disease from the locally predominant [[SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant|Beta variant]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=South Africa sells AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines to other African countries |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-safrica-vaccine-idUSKBN2BD0K4 |access-date=23 June 2021 |work=Reuters |date=21 March 2021 |location=Johannesburg}}&lt;/ref&gt; Japan approved the vaccine for emergency use in May 2021, but did not plan to use them immediately because of rare cases of a blood clotting disorder reported overseas.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | title = Japan to donate millions more AstraZeneca vaccine doses across Asia | date = 25 June 2021 | url = https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2021/06/082ff96b4bdb-japan-to-donate-millions-more-astrazeneca-vaccines-across-asia.html | work = Kyodo News }}&lt;/ref&gt; Later, Japan started to use the vaccine for people aged 40 or over to mitigate the surge of the [[SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant|Delta variant]] in August.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=4 August 2021|title=Japan to give COVID-19 emergency areas AstraZeneca vaccine|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/08/04/national/japan-give-covid-19-emergency-areas-astrazeneca-vaccine/|access-date=28 August 2021|website=The Japan Times|accessdate=6 October 2021|archivedate=28 August 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828022422/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/08/04/national/japan-give-covid-19-emergency-areas-astrazeneca-vaccine/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Finland ceased use of the vaccine as the last batch expired on 30 November 2021. Until then it was only offered for those aged 65 or more due to extremely rare coagulation disorders among younger recipients of the vaccine. After this Finland will not procure more of the vaccine.&lt;ref name=&quot;thl.fi&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Suspension of AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines for those under the age of 65 extended – THL evaluating how it affects the vaccination programme - Press release - THL |url=https://thl.fi/en/web/thlfi-en/-/suspension-of-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccines-for-those-under-the-age-of-65-extended-thl-evaluating-how-it-affects-the-vaccination-programme |website=Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Finland |access-date=5 December 2021 |accessdate=25 December 2021 |archivedate=5 December 2021 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205163524/https://thl.fi/en/web/thlfi-en/-/suspension-of-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccines-for-those-under-the-age-of-65-extended-thl-evaluating-how-it-affects-the-vaccination-programme }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Use of AstraZeneca coronavirus vacc&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Use of AstraZeneca coronavirus vaccine to end in Finland in November - News - THL |url=https://thl.fi/en/web/thlfi-en/-/use-of-astrazeneca-coronavirus-vaccine-to-end-in-finland-in-november |website=Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Finland |access-date=5 December 2021 |accessdate=25 December 2021 |archivedate=5 December 2021 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205155743/https://thl.fi/en/web/thlfi-en/-/use-of-astrazeneca-coronavirus-vaccine-to-end-in-finland-in-november }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Adenovirus vaccines: FAQ - THL&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Adenovirus vaccines: FAQ - THL |url=https://thl.fi/en/web/infectious-diseases-and-vaccinations/what-s-new/coronavirus-covid-19-latest-updates/vaccines-and-coronavirus/adenovirus-vaccines-faq |website=Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Finland |access-date=3 December 2021 |accessdate=25 December 2021 |archivedate=3 December 2021 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211203222207/https://thl.fi/en/web/infectious-diseases-and-vaccinations/what-s-new/coronavirus-covid-19-latest-updates/vaccines-and-coronavirus/adenovirus-vaccines-faq }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Getting vaccinated against COVID-19&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Getting vaccinated against COVID-19: how, why and when? - THL |url=https://thl.fi/en/web/infectious-diseases-and-vaccinations/what-s-new/coronavirus-covid-19-latest-updates/vaccines-and-coronavirus/getting-vaccinated-against-covid-19-how-why-and-when- |website=Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Finland |access-date=3 December 2021 |accessdate=25 December 2021 |archivedate=14 March 2022 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220314032806/https://thl.fi/en/web/infectious-diseases-and-vaccinations/what-s-new/coronavirus-covid-19-latest-updates/vaccines-and-coronavirus/getting-vaccinated-against-covid-19-how-why-and-when- }}&lt;/ref&gt; The AstraZeneca vaccine is the most widely accepted internationally,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=23 July 2021|title=Which covid-19 vaccine is the most widely accepted for international travel?|url=https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2021/07/20/which-covid-19-vaccine-is-the-most-widely-accepted-for-international-travel|access-date=11 June 2022|newspaper=The Economist}}&lt;/ref&gt; and the most popular in terms of total inoculated worldwide, over 1.3 billion.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=21 October 2021|title=India celebrates 1 billion COVID-19 vaccine doses with song and dance|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/india-celebrates-1-bln-covid-19-vaccine-doses-with-song-film-2021-10-21/|access-date=11 June 2022|website=REUTERS}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=29 July 2021|title=Oxford vaccine reaches one billion doses released|url=https://www.ox.ac.uk/news/2021-07-29-oxford-vaccine-reaches-one-billion-doses-released|access-date=11 June 2022|website=University of Oxford}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=16 November 2021|title=Two billion doses of AstraZeneca's COVID-19 vaccine supplied to countries across the world less than 12 months after first approval|url=https://www.astrazeneca.com/media-centre/press-releases/2021/two-billion-doses-of-astrazenecas-covid-19-vaccine-supplied-to-countries-across-the-world-less-than-12-months-after-first-approval.html|access-date=11 June 2022|website=AstraZeneca}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=8 June 2022|title=Vaxzevria COVID-19 Vaccine (AstraZeneca)|url=https://www.precisionvaccinations.com/vaccines/vaxzevria-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca|access-date=11 June 2022|website=precisionvaccinations.com|accessdate=6 July 2022|archivedate=26 June 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626080401/https://www.precisionvaccinations.com/vaccines/vaxzevria-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca}}&lt;/ref&gt; The AstraZeneca vaccine is administered in more countries than any other vaccine.&lt;ref name=&quot;covid.cdc.gov&quot;&gt;{{cite web|date=9 June 2022|title=Where are Vaccines (Company and Brand) Administered Globally?|url=https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#global-vaccinations|access-date=13 June 2022|website=CDC Covid Data Tracker}}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;Oxford–AstraZeneca_FN&quot;/&gt;5&lt;section end=&quot;Oxford–AstraZeneca_FN&quot;/&gt;)
# Australia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=16 February 2021|title=AstraZeneca coronavirus vaccine approved for use in Australia by TGA|newspaper=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] (Australia)|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-02-16/coronavirus-astrazeneca-vaccine-approved-for-use-in-australia/13115784|access-date=16 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=16 February 2021|title=TGA provisionally approves AstraZeneca's COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.tga.gov.au/media-release/tga-provisionally-approves-astrazenecas-covid-19-vaccine|access-date=16 February 2021|publisher=[[Therapeutic Goods Administration]] (TGA)}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Brazil&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=12 March 2021|title=Brazil grants full approval to Oxford vaccine, orders Sputnik|publisher=[[France 24]]|agency=[[Agence France-Presse]]|location=Brasilia|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20210312-brazil-grants-full-approval-to-oxford-vaccine-orders-sputnik|access-date=13 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Canada&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title=Regulatory Decision Summary - Vaxzevria | website=[[Health Canada]] | url=https://covid-vaccine.canada.ca/info/regulatory-decision-summary-detail.html?linkID=RDS00889 | access-date=26 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# India&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last1=Sharma|first1=Milan|last2=Mordani|first2=Sneha|date=27 January 2022|title=Covaxin, Covishield granted market approval in India but conditions apply|work=[[India Today]]|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/coronavirus-outbreak/vaccine-updates/story/covaxin-covishield-granted-regular-market-approval-india-1905218-2022-01-27|access-date=29 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Israel&lt;ref name=&quot;covid.cdc.gov&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=18 October 2021|title=Israel to offer AstraZeneca vaccines starting Thursday|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-to-offer-astrazeneca-vaccines-starting-thursday/|access-date=13 June 2022|website=The Times of Israel}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=31 May 2022|title=Vaccines &quot;Three vaccines have been approved for use in Israel for protection from coronavirus, by Pfizer, Moderna and AstraZeneca.&quot;|url=https://corona.health.gov.il/en/vaccine-for-covid/fully-vaccinated/|access-date=13 June 2022|website=Vaccines - Corona Traffic Light Model (Ramzor) Website}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{-}}

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;Oxford–AstraZeneca_EN&quot; /&gt;170&lt;section end=&quot;Oxford–AstraZeneca_EN&quot; /&gt;)
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 0.3em; column-width: 15em;&quot;&gt;
# Afghanistan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Sediqi|first=Abdul Qadir|date=7 February 2021|title=First doses of COVID-19 vaccine arrive in Afghanistan from India|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-afghanistan-vaccine-idUSKBN2A707M|access-date=24 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=India donates 500,000 COVID vaccines to Afghanistan|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/2/8/afghanistan-gets-first-doses-of-covid-19-vaccine-from-india|access-date=24 February 2021|publisher=Al Jazeera}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Albania&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
# Algeria&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=Kreo|title=البلاد الوطني / وزارة الصناعات الصيدلانية ترخص باستعمال لقاح &quot;أسترا زينيكا -أوكسفورد &quot; المضاد لكورونا|url=http://elbilad.net/article/detail?id=113247|access-date=1 April 2021|website=elbilad.net|language=AR}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Andorra&lt;ref name=&quot;Andorra vaccines&quot; /&gt;
# Angola&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=AfricaNews|date=3 March 2021|time=CET13:13:37+01:00|title=Angola begins Covid immunization fight with COVAX vaccines|url=https://www.africanews.com/2021/03/03/angola-begins-covid-immunization-fight-with-covax-vaccines/|access-date=14 April 2021|website=Africanews}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Argentina&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=30 December 2020|title=Argentine regulator approves AstraZeneca/Oxford COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-argentina-astrazen/argentine-regulator-approves-astrazeneca-oxford-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca-idUSKBN29421P|access-date=30 December 2020|publisher=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Armenia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Armenia Scraps Restrictions For AstraZeneca Vaccine |url=https://www.azatutyun.am/a/31226006.html |website=«Ազատ Եվրոպա/Ազատություն» ռադիոկայան |language=hy}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Azerbaijan&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Bahrain&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=25 January 2021|title=Bahrain approves Oxford/AstraZeneca coronavirus vaccine produced in India|url=http://saudigazette.com.sa/article/602862|access-date=30 January 2021|website=Saudigazette}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Bangladesh&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Oxford University-Astrazeneca vaccine: Bangladesh okays it for emergency use|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/news/oxford-university-astrazeneca-vaccine-bangladesh-okays-it-emergency-use-2022381|access-date=6 January 2021|website=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]]|date=4 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Bangladesh approves Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/asia-pacific/bangladesh-approves-oxford-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccine/2099147|access-date=6 January 2021|website=aa.com.tr}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Benin&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Bhutan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Bhutan receives 400,000 doses of COVID-19 vaccine from India |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/asiapacific/2021-03/22/c_139827645.htm|access-date=1 April 2021|publisher=Xinhuanet}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Bhutan begins biggest vaccination drive against COVID-19|url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asia/bhutan-begins-biggest-covid-19-vaccination-drive-astrazeneca-14504644|access-date=1 April 2021|website=CNA}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Bolivia&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Bosnia and Herzegovina&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;
# Botswana&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Botswana starts COVID-19 vaccine rollout |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-03/26/c_139838942.htm|access-date=1 April 2021|publisher=Xinhuanet}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Brunei&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;
# Burkina Faso&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Cambodia&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Cameroon&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Cape Verde&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=COVID-19 vaccines sent by COVAX arrive in Cabo Verde |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/cabo-verde/covid-19-vaccines-sent-covax-arrive-cabo-verde|access-date=17 April 2021|website=ReliefWeb}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Central African Republic&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Chile&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile|url=https://www.ispch.cl/noticia/isp-aprueba-la-tercera-vacuna-para-combatir-covid-19/|access-date=1 April 2021|language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Colombia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Colombia approves emergency use of AstraZeneca coronavirus vaccine |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-colombia-idUSKBN2AO01A|publisher=Reuters|access-date=22 March 2021|location=Bogotá|date=23 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Comoros&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Congo-Brazzaville&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Congo-Kinshasa&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=More than 1.7 million COVID-19 vaccines arrive in the Democratic Republic of Congo|url=https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/more-17-million-covid-19-vaccines-arrive-democratic-republic-congo|access-date=25 April 2021|website=www.unicef.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Costa Rica&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Costa Rica approves use of AstraZeneca's COVID-19 vaccine |url=https://qcostarica.com/costa-rica-approves-use-of-astrazenecas-covid-19-vaccine/ |website=Q COSTA RICA |date=9 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Djibouti&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Dominican Republic&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=31 December 2020|title=La República Dominicana aprueba la vacuna de AstraZeneca contra la covid-19|language=es|work=Agencia EFE|url=https://www.efe.com/efe/america/sociedad/la-republica-dominicana-aprueba-vacuna-de-astrazeneca-contra-covid-19/20000013-4431079}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# East Timor&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=1 April 2021|title=First vaccines for East Timor arrive in Dili on Monday – LUSA|url=https://covid19.gov.tl/en/first-vaccines-for-east-timor-arrive-in-dili-on-monday-lusa/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210402144040/https://covid19.gov.tl/en/first-vaccines-for-east-timor-arrive-in-dili-on-monday-lusa/|archive-date=2 April 2021|website=COVID-19 Timor-Leste Dashboard}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Ecuador&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=24 January 2021|title=Ecuador approves use of AstraZeneca vaccine for COVID-19|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-ecuador-astrazeneca-idUSL1N2JZ0HC|access-date=30 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Egypt&lt;ref name=&quot;Gulf News&quot;/&gt;
# El Salvador&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=30 December 2020|title=El Salvador greenlights AstraZeneca, Oxford University COVID-19 vaccine|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-el-salvador-vaccin/el-salvador-greenlights-astrazeneca-oxford-university-covid-19-vaccine-idINKBN2942HQ}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Eswatini&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Eswatini launches nationwide COVID-19 vaccination campaign|url=https://www.afro.who.int/news/eswatini-launches-nationwide-covid-19-vaccination-campaign|access-date=1 April 2021|publisher=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO) }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Ethiopia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Ethiopia begins COVID-19 vaccine rollout|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/ethiopia-begins-covid-19-vaccine-rollout/2174904|access-date=19 March 2021|website=aa.com.tr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Ethiopia introduces COVID-19 vaccine in a national launching ceremony|url=https://www.afro.who.int/news/ethiopia-introduces-covid-19-vaccine-national-launching-ceremony|access-date=19 March 2021|website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=9 February 2021|title=Ethiopia says it has secured 9 million doses of COVID-19 vaccines till April|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-ethiopia-idUSKBN2A916S|access-date=19 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Fiji&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Gambia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=The Arrival of COVAX vaccines Raises Hope in The Gambia|url=https://www.afro.who.int/news/arrival-covax-vaccines-raises-hope-gambia|access-date=19 March 2021|website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO)}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Georgia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Georgia to receive first doses of COVID-19 vaccine in early March instead of February|url=https://agenda.ge/en/news/2021/477|access-date=22 March 2021|website=Agenda.ge}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Ghana&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Welcome to Ghana Food And Drug Authority |url=http://fdaghana.gov.gh/news-media.php?page=78|access-date=1 April 2021|website=fdaghana.gov.gh}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Guatemala&lt;ref name=&quot;auto3&quot;/&gt;
# Guinea-Bissau&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Today, 28,800 doses of COVID-19 vaccine arrive in Bissau |url=https://www.unicef.org/guineabissau/press-releases/today-28800-doses-covid-19-vaccine-arrive-bissau |website=www.unicef.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Guinea&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Honduras&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Indonesia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=BPOM Terbitkan Izin Penggunaan Darurat Vaksin Covid-19 AstraZeneca|url=https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2021/03/09/12124611/bpom-terbitkan-izin-penggunaan-darurat-vaksin-covid-19-astrazeneca|access-date=10 February 2021|website=Kompas}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Iran&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=17 February 2021|title=Iran issues permit for emergency use for three other COVID-19 vaccines: Official|url=https://en.irna.ir/news/84233593/Iran-issues-permit-for-emergency-use-for-three-other-COVID-19|access-date=1 April 2021|website=IRNA English}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Iraq&lt;ref name=&quot;bignewsnetwork.com&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Iraq approves Sinopharm, AstraZeneca vaccines|url=https://www.bignewsnetwork.com/news/267583081/iraq-approves-sinopharm-astrazeneca-vaccines|access-date=30 January 2021|website=Big News Network}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Ivory Coast&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=1 March 2021|title=Covax: Ivory Coast and Ghana begin mass Covid vaccination rollouts|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-56239136|access-date=19 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Japan&lt;ref name=&quot;jp&quot;&gt;{{cite news | title=Japan Approves Moderna, AstraZeneca Coronavirus Vaccines | website=Bloomberg | date=20 May 2021 | url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-05-20/japan-approves-moderna-astra-covid-shots-report-says | access-date=2 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Jordan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=COVAX roll-out - Jordan|url=https://www.gavi.org/covax-vaccine-roll-out/jordan|access-date=14 May 2021|website=www.gavi.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Kenya&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Kenya Receives 1M Vaccine Doses, Will Distribute to Health Workers First |url=https://www.voanews.com/covid-19-pandemic/kenya-receives-1m-vaccine-doses-will-distribute-health-workers-first|access-date=19 March 2021|publisher=Voice of America}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Kiribati&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Kosovo&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=29 March 2021|title=Kosovo receives first COVID-19 vaccines through Covax scheme|url=https://www.euronews.com/2021/03/29/kosovo-receives-first-covid-19-vaccines-through-covax-programme|access-date=14 April 2021|website=euronews}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Kosovo PM Becomes Nation's First Person To Receive COVID-19 Vaccine|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/kosovo-covid-vaccines-immunization-last-europe-astrazeneca-covax/31174048.html|access-date=14 April 2021|website=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Kuwait&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=Godinho|first=Varun|date=31 January 2021|title=Kuwait authorises emergency use of Oxford-AstraZeneca Covid-19 vaccine|url=https://gulfbusiness.com/kuwait-authorises-emergency-use-of-oxford-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccine/|access-date=1 April 2021|website=Gulf Business}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Kyrgyzstan&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Laos&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Lebanon&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Lebanon Received 33600 Doses of The AstraZeneca Vaccine as First Batch|url=https://www.moph.gov.lb/en/Drugs/index/0/48177/page:3/sort:Drug.brand_name/direction:ASC|website=Ministry of Public Health of Lebanon}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Lesotho&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Lesotho receives 1st batch of COVID-19 vaccines|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/lesotho-receives-1st-batch-of-covid-19-vaccines/2164388|access-date=19 March 2021|website=aa.com.tr}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Liberia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=96,000 Doses of COVID-19 Vaccine Arrives in Liberia|url=https://www.afro.who.int/news/96000-doses-covid-19-vaccine-arrives-liberia|access-date=11 April 2021|publisher=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO)}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Libya&lt;ref name=&quot;auto4&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Libya kicks off delayed COVID-19 vaccination drive|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/4/10/libya-launches-covid-19-vaccination-drive-after-delays|access-date=25 April 2021|website=Al Jazeera}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto5&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=57,600 COVID-19 vaccine doses received today in Tripoli, Libya|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/libya/57600-covid-19-vaccine-doses-received-today-tripoli|access-date=25 April 2021|website=ReliefWeb}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Madagascar&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Malawi&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Malawi to receive COVID-19 vaccines in late February – Xinhua |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-02/02/c_139716241.htm|access-date=19 March 2021|publisher=Xinhuanet}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Malawi Sticks to AstraZeneca Despite Concerns Over Efficacy |url=https://www.voanews.com/covid-19-pandemic/malawi-sticks-astrazeneca-despite-concerns-over-efficacy|access-date=19 March 2021|publisher=Voice of America}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MYS approves&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Sipalan|first1=Joseph|last2=Donovan|first2=Kirsten|date=3 March 2021|title=Malaysia approves Sinovac, AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines for use|agency=Reuters|url=https://www.msn.com/en-au/lifestyle/wellbeing/malaysia-approves-sinovac-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccines-for-use/ar-BB1e9q01|access-date=7 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Maldives&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Maldives starts training healthcare workers on COVID-19 vaccine distribution – Xinhua |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/23/c_139691718.htm|access-date=19 February 2021|publisher=Xinhuanet}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Mali&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=AfricaNews|date=6 March 2021 |title=Mali receives first batch of COVID-19 vaccines|url=https://www.africanews.com/2021/03/06/mali-receives-first-batch-of-covid-19-vaccines/|access-date=1 April 2021|website=Africanews}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Mauritania&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Mauritius&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=AfricaNews|date=26 January 2021|title=Mauritius begins vaccinating frontline health workers against covid-19|url=https://www.africanews.com/2021/01/26/mauritius-begins-vaccinating-frontline-health-workers-against-covid-19/|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Africanews}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Mexico&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=5 January 2021|title=Mexico approves AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, minister says|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-mexico-vaccine-idUSKBN29A04O|access-date=14 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Micronesia&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Moldova&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;
# Mongolia&lt;ref name=&quot;news.mn&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=11 January 2021|title=Mongolia approved three Covid-19 vaccines |url=https://news.mn/en/795048/|access-date=1 April 2021|website=News.MN}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Montenegro&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Morocco&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=7 January 2021|title=Morocco approves AstraZeneca/Oxford COVID-19 vaccine – Minister|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-morocco-idUSKBN29C0QA|access-date=22 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Mozambique&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Myanmar&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=27 January 2021|title=Myanmar launches nationwide COVID-19 vaccination program|website=Xinhua News|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/27/c_139700809.htm|accessdate=7 July 2021|archivedate=27 January 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127163302/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/27/c_139700809.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Namibia&lt;ref name=&quot;mhss.gov.na&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://mhss.gov.na/documents/119527/775250/SKM_36721030413220.pdf/7a4534bb-022f-46e4-9113-571432290194|title=Importation of COVID-19 Vaccines into Namibia for Public Use and Guidance on Administration of Vaccines by Private Health Care Providers|date=31 March 2021|website=Republic of Namibia Ministry of Health and Social Services|others=Public Notice No.: 05/032021|accessdate=7 July 2021|archivedate=22 April 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210422075829/https://mhss.gov.na/documents/119527/775250/SKM_36721030413220.pdf/7a4534bb-022f-46e4-9113-571432290194}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Nauru&lt;ref name=Reliefweb&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Samoa receives 24,000 doses of COVID-19 vaccines through the COVAX facility - Samoa|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/samoa/samoa-receives-24000-doses-covid-19-vaccines-through-covax-facility|access-date=7 June 2021|website=ReliefWeb}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Nepal&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=15 January 2021|title=Nepal approves AstraZeneca COVID vaccine for emergency use – government statement|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-nepal/nepal-approves-astrazeneca-covid-vaccine-for-emergency-use-government-statement-idUSKBN29K140}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Nicaragua&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Niger&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Nigeria&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Wetin we sabi about NAFDAC approval of Oxford AstraZeneca vaccine use for Nigeria|publisher=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/media-56084858|access-date=24 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# North Macedonia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Сѐ за вакцините |url=https://kovid19vakcinacija.mk/za-vakcinite/ |website=Официјална веб-страница за вакцинација против КОВИД19 |language=mk-MK |accessdate=2021-07-07 |archivedate=2021-05-03 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210503232352/https://kovid19vakcinacija.mk/za-vakcinite/ }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Oman&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Pakistan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=16 January 2021|title=Pakistan approves AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-pakistan-astrazene/pakistan-approves-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use-idUKKBN29L0DO}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Palestine&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Panama&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Papua New Guinea&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=30 March 2021|title=PNG prime minister first to be vaccinated with Australian-supplied doses 'to show it's safe'|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/mar/30/png-prime-minister-first-to-be-vaccinated-with-australian-supplied-doses-to-show-its-safe|access-date=1 April 2021|website=The Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=17 March 2021|title=Australia gives Covid-19 vaccine doses to hard-hit Papua New Guinea|url=https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20210317-australia-gives-covid-19-vaccine-doses-to-hard-hit-papua-new-guinea|access-date=1 April 2021|publisher=France 24}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Paraguay&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Peru&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=DIGEMID |url=http://www.digemid.minsa.gob.pe/main.asp?Seccion=1065 |website=www.digemid.minsa.gob.pe |language=es |access-date=2 May 2021 |archive-date=7 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507204150/http://www.digemid.minsa.gob.pe/main.asp?Seccion=1065 |url-status=dead |accessdate=7 July 2021 |archivedate=7 May 2021 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507204150/http://www.digemid.minsa.gob.pe/main.asp?Seccion=1065 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Philippines&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=28 January 2021|title=Philippine regulator approves emergency use of AstraZeneca vaccine|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-philippines-vaccin-idUSKBN29X0CY|access-date=28 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Qatar&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Rwanda&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Rwanda receives COVID-19 Vaccines through COVAX|url=https://www.afro.who.int/news/rwanda-receives-covid-19-vaccines-through-covax|access-date=19 March 2021|website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO)}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Samoa&lt;ref name=Reliefweb /&gt;
# São Tomé and Príncipe&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Saudi Arabia&lt;ref name=&quot;gulfnews.com&quot; /&gt;
# Senegal&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Serbia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=21 February 2021|title=Serbia receives first shipment of AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-serbia-vaccines-idUSL1N2KR03M|access-date=19 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Seychelles&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Bhattacherjee|first=Kallol|date=22 January 2021|title=Coronavirus {{!}} Myanmar, Mauritius, Seychelles receive Covishield vaccine|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/coronavirus-myanmar-mauritius-seychelles-receive-covishield-vaccine/article33638057.ece|access-date=1 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Sierra Leone&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=COVID-19 vaccines shipped by COVAX arrive in Sierra Leone|url=https://www.afro.who.int/news/covid-19-vaccines-shipped-covax-arrive-sierra-leone|access-date=19 March 2021|website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO)}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Singapore&lt;ref name=&quot;channelnewsasia.com&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Those who opt for Sinovac, other vaccines under WHO emergency list to be considered fully vaccinated |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/sinovac-vaccine-covid19-sinopharm-astrazeneca-fully-vaccinated-2096576 |access-date=6 August 2021 |work=CNA |date=6 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''(restricted)''
# Solomon Islands&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Somalia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Somalia Receives Its First Batch of COVID-19 Vaccines |url=https://www.voanews.com/covid-19-pandemic/somalia-receives-its-first-batch-covid-19-vaccines|access-date=1 April 2021|publisher=Voice of America}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# South Korea&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Kim|first1=Han-joo|date=10 February 2021|title=S. Korea approves AstraZeneca's COVID-19 vaccine for all adults|publisher=Yonhap News |url=https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20210210006351320|access-date=10 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Maresca|first1=Thomas|date=10 February 2021|title=South Korea approves AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine|publisher=United Press International|url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2021/02/10/South-Korea-approves-AstraZeneca-COVID-19-vaccine/4231612945438/|access-date=10 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# South Sudan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=COVID-19 vaccination kicks-off in South Sudan|url=https://www.afro.who.int/news/covid-19-vaccination-kicks-south-sudan|access-date=14 April 2021|publisher=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO)}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Sri Lanka&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=22 January 2021|title=Sri Lanka approves vaccine amid warnings of virus spread|url=https://apnews.com/article/sri-lanka-coronavirus-pandemic-340488c48ab372050825e70e057dd294|access-date=22 January 2021|publisher=Associated Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Sudan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=COVID-19 vaccination in Sudan|url=https://www.unicef.org/sudan/stories/covid-19-vaccination-sudan|access-date=19 March 2021|website=[[UNICEF]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Sudan receives first delivery of COVID-19 vaccines with over 800,000 doses|url=https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/sudan-receives-first-delivery-covid-19-vaccines-over-800000-doses|access-date=19 March 2021|website=[[UNICEF]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Syria&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Taiwan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=20 February 2021|title=Taiwan grants emergency authorisation for AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-taiwan-idUSKBN2AK05R|access-date=13 March 2021|publisher=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Tajikistan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Tajikistan becomes first country in Central Asia to receive COVID-19 vaccine through COVAX Facility|url=https://www.unicef.org/tajikistan/press-releases/tajikistan-becomes-first-country-central-asia-receive-covid-19-vaccine-through-0|access-date=14 April 2021|website=unicef.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Thailand&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=23 January 2021|title=Thai Food and Drug registers COVID-19 vaccine developed by AstraZeneca|url=https://www.pattayamail.com/thailandnews/thai-food-and-drug-registers-covid-19-vaccine-developed-by-astrazeneca-341186|website=Pattaya Mail}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Togo&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=First|first=Togo|title=Covid-19: First vaccination campaign to soon begin|url=https://www.togofirst.com/en/health/1602-7300-covid-19-first-vaccination-campaign-to-soon-begin|access-date=19 March 2021|website=togofirst}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Tonga&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Over 500 people given first COVID-19 vaccine shot in Tonga – Xinhua |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/asiapacific/2021-04/16/c_139885080.htm|access-date=25 April 2021|website=xinhuanet}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=16 April 2021|title=Tonga's Princess takes the lead on Covid-19 vaccination|url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/440580/tonga-s-princess-takes-the-lead-on-covid-19-vaccination|access-date=25 April 2021|website=RNZ}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Kingdom of Tonga receives 24,000 doses of COVID-19 vaccines through the COVAX facility|url=https://www.who.int/westernpacific/about/how-we-work/pacific-support/news/detail/31-03-2021-kingdom-of-tonga-receives-24-000-doses-of-covid-19-vaccines-through-the-covax-facility|access-date=25 April 2021|publisher=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO)}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Tunisia&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Turkmenistan&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard |url=https://covid19.who.int/ |publisher=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO) }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Tuvalu&lt;ref name=&quot;Reliefweb&quot;/&gt;
# Uganda&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=AfricaNews|date=10 March 2021|title=Uganda starts COVID-19 vaccinations|url=https://www.africanews.com/2021/03/10/uganda-starts-covid-19-vaccinations/|access-date=19 March 2021|website=Africanews}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Ukraine&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=COVID-19: AstraZeneca vaccine certified for use in Ukraine|url=https://covid.unian.info/covid-19-astrazeneca-vaccine-certified-for-use-in-ukraine-11330906.html|access-date=10 March 2021|website=covid.unian.info}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# United Arab Emirates&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# United Kingdom&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=30 December 2020|title=Information for Healthcare Professionals on COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca/information-for-healthcare-professionals-on-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca|access-date=4 January 2021|website=[[Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency]] (MHRA)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release|title=Oxford University/AstraZeneca vaccine authorised by UK medicines regulator|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/oxford-universityastrazeneca-vaccine-authorised-by-uk-medicines-regulator|publisher=Department of Health and Social Care|access-date=30 December 2020|date=30 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=30 December 2020|title=Conditions of Authorisation for COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca/conditions-of-authorisation-for-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca|access-date=4 January 2021|website=[[Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency]] (MHRA)}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Uruguay&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Uzbekistan&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Vanuatu&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Vietnam&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Vietnam approves AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, cuts short Communist Party congress|url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asia/vietnam-approves-astrazeneca-vaccine-reports-34-new-covid-19-14074712|access-date=5 February 2021|website=CNA}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Yemen&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Yemen receives 360,000 COVID-19 vaccine doses through the COVAX Facility|url=https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/yemen-receives-360000-covid-19-vaccine-doses-through-covax-facility|access-date=7 June 2021|website=www.unicef.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Zambia&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=25 March 2021|title=Zambia sets out plans to vaccinate all people over 18 against COVID-19|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-zambia-vaccine-idUSKBN2BH2NS|access-date=17 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Zambia launches the COVID-19 vaccination|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/zambia/zambia-launches-covid-19-vaccination|access-date=17 April 2021|website=ReliefWeb}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Zambia gets 1st 228,000 vaccine doses from COVAX|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/latest-on-coronavirus-outbreak/zambia-gets-1st-228-000-vaccine-doses-from-covax/2206521|access-date=17 April 2021|website=aa.com.tr}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Zimbabwe&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
'''{{nowrap|[[European Medicines Agency|EMA]] countries}}'''&lt;ref name=&quot;Vaxzevria EPAR&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EU Marketing authorisation&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title=Vaxzevria | website=Union Register of medicinal products | url=https://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/h1529.htm | access-date=26 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Austria
# Belgium
# Bulgaria
# Croatia
# Cyprus
# Czech Republic
# Denmark
# Estonia
# Finland
# France
# Germany
# Greece
# Hungary
# Iceland
# Ireland
# Italy
# Latvia
# Liechtenstein
# Lithuania
# Luxembourg
# Malta
# Netherlands
# Norway
# Poland
# Portugal
# Romania
# Slovakia
# Slovenia
# Spain
# Sweden
'''{{nowrap|[[Caribbean Public Health Agency|CARPHA]] countries}}'''&lt;ref name=&quot;carpha-oxford&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=CARPHA Issues its First Emergency Use Recommendation for a COVID-19 Vaccine |url=https://www.carpha.org/More/Media/Articles/ArticleID/435/CARPHA-Issues-its-First-Emergency-Use-Recommendation-for-a-COVID-19-Vaccine |website=Caribbean Public Health Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Antigua and Barbuda
# Bahamas
# Barbados
# Belize
# Dominica
# Grenada
# Guyana
# Haiti
# Jamaica
# Saint Kitts and Nevis
# Saint Lucia
# Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
# Suriname&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=23 February 2021|title=Suriname begins coronavirus vaccination campaign with donated doses|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-suriname-vaccine-idUSKBN2AN2AT|access-date=28 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Trinidad and Tobago
&lt;!-- not counted --&gt;'''[[List of ISO 3166-1 codes|Non-country entities]]'''
* Anguilla{{efn|name=carphance|via CARPHA authorization&lt;ref name=&quot;carpha-oxford&quot;/&gt;}}
* Aruba{{efn|name=carphance}}
* British Virgin Islands{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Bermuda{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Caribbean Netherlands{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Cayman Islands{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Curaçao{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Cook Islands&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
* Falkland Islands&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
* French Polynesia&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
* Greenland&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT vaccine tracker&quot;/&gt;
* Guadeloupe&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Guernsey&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
* Isle of Man&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
* Jersey&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
* Montserrat{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Northern Cyprus&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=Psyllides|first=George|title=Coronavirus: 10,000 vaccines handed over to north |url=https://cyprus-mail.com/2021/03/31/coronavirus-10000-vaccines-handed-over-to-north/|access-date=17 April 2021|website=cyprus-mail.com/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Pitcairn&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Sint Maarten{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Turks and Caicos Islands{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Wallis and Futuna&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
* ''[[World Health Organization]]''&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO status&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Interim recommendations for use of the AZD1222 (ChAdOx1-S (recombinant)) vaccine against COVID-19 developed by Oxford University and AstraZeneca|url=https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-2019-nCoV-vaccines-SAGE_recommendation-AZD1222-2021.1|access-date=27 February 2021|publisher=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=AstraZeneca/Oxford Covid-19 Vaccine Gets Emergency Approval From WHO|website=Forbes|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/alisondurkee/2021/02/15/astrazeneca-oxford-covid-19-vaccine-gets-emergency-approval-from-who/|access-date=16 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title=WHO Recommendation AstraZeneca/SKBio - COVID-19 Vaccine (ChAdOx1-S [recombinant]) | website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO) | date=15 February 2021 | url=https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/vaccines/covid-19-vaccine-chadox1-s-recombinant | access-date=8 May 2021 | accessdate=7 July 2021 | archivedate=4 July 2021 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210704174442/https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/vaccines/covid-19-vaccine-chadox1-s-recombinant }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title=WHO recommendation Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd - COVID-19 Vaccine (ChAdOx1-S [recombinant]) - Covishield | website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO) | date=15 February 2021 | url=https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/vaccines/covid-19-vaccine-chadox1-s-recombinant-covishield | access-date=8 May 2021 | accessdate=7 July 2021 | archivedate=6 July 2021 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210706125046/https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/vaccines/covid-19-vaccine-chadox1-s-recombinant-covishield }}&lt;/ref&gt;
;Travel-only
* Hong Kong&lt;ref name=&quot;HK&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=List of COVID-19 Vaccines Recognised for Specified Purposes |url=https://www.coronavirus.gov.hk/pdf/list_of_recognised_covid19_vaccines.pdf |publisher=Hong Kong Department of Health |access-date=24 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Switzerland&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=FOPH|first=Federal Office of Public Health|title=Coronavirus: Entering Switzerland|url=https://www.bag.admin.ch/bag/en/home/krankheiten/ausbrueche-epidemien-pandemien/aktuelle-ausbrueche-epidemien/novel-cov/empfehlungen-fuer-reisende/quarantaene-einreisende.html|access-date=19 November 2021|website=www.bag.admin.ch|accessdate=25 December 2021|archivedate=24 July 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724080307/https://www.bag.admin.ch/bag/en/home/krankheiten/ausbrueche-epidemien-pandemien/aktuelle-ausbrueche-epidemien/novel-cov/empfehlungen-fuer-reisende/quarantaene-einreisende.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web|date=10 April 2019|title=Vaccinations for Turkey: Do I need an Approved COVID Vaccine?|url=https://www.easyturkeyvisa.com/news/vaccinations-for-turkey|access-date=24 November 2021|website=Turkey Visa}}{{Dead link|date=December 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* United States&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=11 February 2020|title=COVID-19 and Your Health|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/travelers/proof-of-vaccination.html|access-date=17 November 2021|website=U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC)}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

== Pfizer–BioNTech ==
&lt;section begin=&quot;pfizerauthmap&quot;/&gt;
{{infobox|image={{Graph:Map|scale=65|defaultValue=gainsboro
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|BA=dodgerblue|BB=dodgerblue|BD=dodgerblue|BE=dodgerblue|BF=limegreen|BG=dodgerblue|BH=dodgerblue|BJ=dodgerblue|BM=dodgerblue|BN=limegreen|BO=dodgerblue|BQ=dodgerblue|BR=blueviolet|BS=dodgerblue|BT=dodgerblue|BW=dodgerblue|BZ=dodgerblue
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|OM=dodgerblue
|PA=dodgerblue|PE=dodgerblue|PF=dodgerblue|PG=dodgerblue|PH=dodgerblue|PK=dodgerblue|PL=dodgerblue|PR=dodgerblue|PS=dodgerblue|PT=dodgerblue|PW=blueviolet|PY=dodgerblue
|QA=dodgerblue
|RO=dodgerblue|RS=dodgerblue|RW=dodgerblue
|SA=blueviolet|SB=limegreen|SD=dodgerblue|SE=dodgerblue|SG=dodgerblue|SI=dodgerblue|SK=dodgerblue|SL=limegreen|SM=dodgerblue|SN=limegreen|SO=limegreen|SR=dodgerblue|SS=limegreen|ST=limegreen|SV=dodgerblue|SX=dodgerblue|SY=limegreen|SZ=dodgerblue
|TC=dodgerblue|TD=limegreen|TG=limegreen|TH=dodgerblue|TJ=dodgerblue|TK=dodgerblue|TL=dodgerblue|TN=dodgerblue|TO=dodgerblue|TR=dodgerblue|TT=dodgerblue|TV=limegreen|TW=dodgerblue|TZ=dodgerblue
|UA=dodgerblue|UG=dodgerblue|US=blueviolet|UY=dodgerblue|UZ=dodgerblue
|VA=dodgerblue|VC=dodgerblue|VE=limegreen|VG=dodgerblue|VN=dodgerblue|VU=limegreen
|WS=limegreen
|XK=dodgerblue
|YE=limegreen
|ZA=dodgerblue|ZM=dodgerblue|ZW=limegreen
}}
|caption=
{{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|limegreen|Eligible [[COVAX]] recipient}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;pfizerauthmap&quot;/&gt;
The [[Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine]], sold under the brand name Comirnaty,&lt;ref name=&quot;Comirnaty EPAR&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Comirnaty EPAR|url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/comirnaty|access-date=23 December 2020|publisher=[[European Medicines Agency]] (EMA)}}&lt;/ref&gt; is an [[mRNA vaccine]]&lt;ref name=&quot;hcreg&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=9 December 2020|title=Regulatory Decision Summary – Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine|url=https://covid-vaccine.canada.ca/info/regulatory-decision-summary-detailTwo.html?linkID=RDS00730|access-date=9 December 2020|publisher=Health Canada, Government of Canada}}&lt;/ref&gt; produced by the German company [[BioNTech]] and the American company [[Pfizer]].&lt;ref name=&quot;hcreg&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NCT04368728&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=30 April 2020|title=Study to Describe the Safety, Tolerability, Immunogenicity, and Efficacy of RNA Vaccine Candidates Against COVID-19 in Healthy Adults|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04368728|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084828/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04368728/|archive-date=11 October 2020|access-date=14 July 2020|website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]]|publisher=[[United States National Library of Medicine]]|id=NCT04368728}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EudraCT-2020-001038-36&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=14 April 2020|title=A Multi-site Phase I/II, 2-Part, Dose-Escalation Trial Investigating the Safety and Immunogenicity of four Prophylactic SARS-CoV-2 RNA Vaccines Against COVID-19 Using Different Dosing Regimens in Healthy Adults|url=https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2020-001038-36/DE|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200422111024/https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2020-001038-36/DE|archive-date=22 April 2020|access-date=22 April 2020|website=EU Clinical Trials Register|publisher=European Union|id=[[EudraCT]] 2020-001038-36}}&lt;/ref&gt; In Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan, Comirnaty is distributed by [[Fosun Pharma]].&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=BioNTech and China partner, not Pfizer, to produce HK shots|url=https://www.thestandard.com.hk/section-news/section/11/225661/BioNTech-and-China-partner,-not-Pfizer,-to-produce-HK-shots|website=The Standard}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Pfizer and BioNTech's overlooked third partner will distribute the vaccine in China – and it's facing some resistance |url=https://fortune.com/2021/01/09/covid-vaccine-china-fosun-pfizer-biontech/|access-date=18 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Burger|first=Ludwig|date=16 March 2020|title=BioNTech in China alliance with Fosun over potential coronavirus vaccine|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-biontech-fosunpharma-vaccine-collabor-idUKKBN2130O5|access-date=18 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=25 November 2020|title=BioNTech, Fosun start Phase II trial of COVID-19 vaccine in China|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-biontech-fosunphar-idUSKBN2850ZZ|access-date=18 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;RTHK 20210711&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BioNTech PR 20210712&quot; /&gt;

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;Pfizer-BioNTech_FN&quot;/&gt;10&lt;section end=&quot;Pfizer-BioNTech_FN&quot;/&gt;)
# Australia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Comirnaty|url=https://www.tga.gov.au/apm-summary/comirnaty|date=25 January 2021|access-date=25 January 2021|publisher=[[Therapeutic Goods Administration]] (TGA)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite report | url=https://www.tga.gov.au/sites/default/files/auspar-bnt162b2-mrna-210125.pdf | title=Australian Public Assessment Report for BNT162b2 (mRNA) | publisher=[[Therapeutic Goods Administration]] (TGA) | access-date=25 January 2021 | archive-date=26 January 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126144716/https://www.tga.gov.au/sites/default/files/auspar-bnt162b2-mrna-210125.pdf | url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Brazil&lt;ref name=&quot;Brazil approves full vaccine&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||url=https://g1.globo.com/bemestar/vacina/noticia/2021/02/23/anvisa-concede-registro-definitivo-a-vacina-da-pfizer.ghtml|title=Vacina da Pfizer é a 1ª a obter registro definitivo no Brasil|publisher=G1|date=23 February 2021|access-date=23 February 2021|language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Canada&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=23 August 2021|title=U.S. gives Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine full approval - CityNews Toronto|url=https://toronto.citynews.ca/2021/08/23/us-pfizer-covid-19-vaccine-full-approval/|access-date=23 August 2021|website=CityNews Toronto}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|author1=The Associated Press|date=23 August 2021|title=U.S. regulators give full approval of Pfizer-BioNTech's COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/us-pfizer-fda-approval-1.6149959|access-date=23 August 2021|website=CBC News}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last=Osman|first=Laura|date=16 September 2021|title=Goodbye Pfizer, hello Comirnaty: Top COVID-19 vaccines given brand names in Canada|work=CBC News|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/vaccine-name-change-canada-1.6178484|access-date=16 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Marshall Islands{{efn|name=CFA}}{{efn|name=useua|Full approval only for those aged 16+. EUA still applies for recipients aged 5-15.}}
# Micronesia{{efn|name=CFA}}{{efn|name=useua}}
# New Zealand&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=3 February 2021|title=Robust assessment ahead of Medsafe approval of vaccine|url=https://www.health.govt.nz/news-media/media-releases/robust-assessment-ahead-medsafe-approval-vaccine|access-date=6 February 2021|work=Ministry of Health}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Palau{{efn|name=CFA|via United States authorization through [[Compact of Free Association]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release | title=Interior Applauds Inclusion of Insular Areas through Operation Warp Speed to Receive COVID-19 Vaccines | publisher=[[United States Department of the Interior]] (DOI) | date=12 December 2020 | url=https://www.doi.gov/oia/press/interior-applauds-inclusion-insular-areas-through-operation-warp-speed-receive-covid-19 | access-date=13 January 2021}} {{PD-notice}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.hawaiipublicradio.org/post/asia-minute-palau-administers-vaccines-keep-country-free-covid#stream/0|publisher=[[Hawaii Public Radio]]|title=Asia Minute: Palau Administers Vaccines to Keep Country Free of COVID|first=Bill|last=Dorman|date=6 January 2021|access-date=13 January 2021|name-list-style=vanc}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}{{efn|name=useua}}
# Saudi Arabia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=10 December 2020|title=Coronavirus: Saudi Arabia approves Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine for use|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/en/coronavirus/2020/12/10/Coronavirus-Saudi-Arabia-approves-Pfizer-COVID-19-vaccine-for-use|access-date=10 December 2020|website=Al Arabiya English}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT vaccine tracker&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Zimmer|first1=Carl|last2=Corum|first2=Jonathan|last3=Wee|first3=Sui-Lee|title=Coronavirus Vaccine Tracker|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/science/coronavirus-vaccine-tracker.html|name-list-style=vanc}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Switzerland&lt;ref name=&quot;Swiss authorization&quot;&gt;{{cite press release|title=Swissmedic grants authorisation for the first COVID-19 vaccine in Switzerland|url=https://www.bag.admin.ch/bag/en/home/das-bag/aktuell/medienmitteilungen.msg-id-81761.html|publisher=[[Swissmedic|Swiss Agency for Therapeutic Products (Swissmedic)]]|date=19 December 2020|access-date=19 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Comirnaty Product information|url=https://www.swissmedicinfo.ch/ShowText.aspx?textType=FI&amp;lang=DE&amp;authNr=68225|access-date=31 January 2021|language=DE|trans-quote=Due to incomplete clinical data at the time of the assessment of the authorization application, the Comirnaty medicinal product is authorized for a limited period (Art. 9a Medicinal Products Act).}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# United States{{efn|name=useua}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release|title=FDA Takes Key Action in Fight Against COVID-19 By Issuing Emergency Use Authorization for First COVID-19 Vaccine|publisher=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA)|date=11 December 2020|url=https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-takes-key-action-fight-against-covid-19-issuing-emergency-use-authorization-first-covid-19|access-date=11 December 2020}} {{PD-notice}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine EUA fact sheet&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=25 February 2021|title=Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine EUA Fact Sheet for Healthcare Providers|url=https://www.fda.gov/media/144413/download|access-date=25 February 2021|publisher=Pfizer|format=PDF}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FDA PR 20210823&quot;&gt;{{Cite press release |title=FDA Approves First COVID-19 Vaccine |date=23 August 2021 |publisher=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) |url=https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-covid-19-vaccine |access-date=23 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210823143040/https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-covid-19-vaccine |archive-date=23 August 2021 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{-}}

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;Pfizer-BioNTech_EN&quot;/&gt;140&lt;section end=&quot;Pfizer-BioNTech_EN&quot;/&gt;)
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 0.3em; column-width: 15em;&quot;&gt;
# Afghanistan&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Albania&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Albania to start COVID-19 immunisation with Pfizer vaccine in January – report|url=https://seenews.com/news/albania-to-start-covid-19-immunisation-with-pfizer-vaccine-in-jan-report-726470|website=Seenews}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Algeria&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=5 May 2021|title=Canada allows Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine for children aged 12-15|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/canada-authorizes-pfizer-covid-19-vaccine-children-aged-12-15-2021-05-05/|access-date=19 August 2021|website=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Andorra&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Andorra COVID-19|url=https://www.govern.ad/covid19_newsletter/en/|access-date=19 February 2021|website=govern.ad}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Argentina&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Coronavirus en la Argentina: La ANMAT aprobo el uso de emergencia de la vacuna Pfizer|url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/sociedad/coronavirus-argentina-anmat-aprobo-uso-emergencia-vacuna-nid2548852|access-date=23 December 2020|website=La Nación|language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Armenia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=30 June 2021|title=Dashboard: Vaccinating Eurasia- June|url=https://eurasianet.org/dashboard-vaccinating-eurasia-june|access-date=4 August 2021|website=[[Eurasianet]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Azerbaijan&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Bahrain&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Bahrain becomes second country to approve Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/12/4/bahrain-becomes-second-country-to-approve-pfizer-covid-19-vaccine|access-date=5 December 2020|publisher=[[Al Jazeera]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title=The Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine Was Granted Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) &amp; Bahrain National Health Regulatory Authority (NHRA) | website=cvdvaccine | url=https://www.cvdvaccine-bh.com/ | access-date=18 April 2021 | accessdate=7 July 2021 | archivedate=21 April 2021 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421145401/https://www.cvdvaccine-bh.com/ }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Bangladesh&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Bangladesh approves Pfizer Covid-19 vaccine for emergency use|date=27 May 2021|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2021/05/27/bangladesh-approves-pfizer-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use|access-date=27 May 2021|publisher=[[Dhaka Tribune]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Benin&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Bhutan&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Bolivia&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Bosnia and Herzegovina&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines shipped by COVAX arrive in Bosnia and Herzegovina|url=https://bosniaherzegovina.un.org/en/123137-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccines-shipped-covax-arrive-bosnia-and-herzegovina|access-date=14 April 2021|publisher=United Nations}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Botswana&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Botswana expects to welcome multiple COVID-19 vaccines|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2021-02/27/c_139771113.htm|access-date=1 April 2021|publisher=Xinhuanet|accessdate=7 July 2021|archivedate=27 February 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227224341/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2021-02/27/c_139771113.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Brunei&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=COVID-19: Brunei to begin mass vaccination on April 3 |url=https://thescoop.co/2021/04/02/covid-19-brunei-to-begin-mass-vaccination-on-april-3/|access-date=6 April 2021|website=TheScoop|date=2 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Cameroon&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Cape Verde&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Chile&lt;ref name=&quot;chile&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=17 December 2020|title=Chile approves Pfizer-BioNTech Covid-19 vaccine for emergency use|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/world/chile-approves-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use|access-date=17 December 2020|website=The Straits Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Colombia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=6 January 2021|title=Colombia regulator approves Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine for emergency use|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-colombia-vaccine/colombia-regulator-approves-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-emergency-use-idINL1N2JH00P/|access-date=6 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Congo-Kinshasa&lt;ref name=&quot;DRC&quot;&gt;{{cite web|date=2021-12-07|title=Covid-19 en RDC: des officiers et agents de la Police se font vacciner après échanges avec le ministre de la Santé|url=https://actualite.cd/2021/12/07/covid-19-en-rdc-des-officiers-et-agents-de-la-police-se-font-vacciner-apres-echanges|access-date=2022-01-12|website=Actualite.cd|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Costa Rica&lt;ref name=&quot;costa&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=16 December 2020|title=Costa Rica authorizes Pfizer-BioNTech coronavirus vaccine|url=https://ticotimes.net/2020/12/16/costa-rica-authorizes-pfizer-biontech-coronavirus-vaccine|access-date=16 December 2020|website=The Tico Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Djibouti&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Dominican Republic&lt;ref&gt;[https://covid-19pharmacovigilance.paho.org/pfizer-biontech Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006044525/https://covid-19pharmacovigilance.paho.org/pfizer-biontech |date=2021-10-06 }}. Pan American Health Organization.&lt;/ref&gt;
# East Timor&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Ecuador&lt;ref name=&quot;ecuador&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Arcsa autoriza ingreso al país de vacuna Pfizer-BioNTech para el Covid-19 – Agencia Nacional de Regulación, Control y Vigilancia Sanitaria|url=https://www.controlsanitario.gob.ec/arcsa-autoriza-ingreso-al-pais-de-vacuna-pfizer-biontech-para-el-covid-19/|access-date=17 December 2020|language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Egypt&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# El Salvador&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=McGwin|first=Kevin|date=30 December 2020|title=Greenland to begin new year with COVID vaccinations|url=https://www.arctictoday.com/greenland-to-begin-new-year-with-covid-vaccinations/|access-date=21 March 2021|website=ArcticToday}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Eswatini&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
#Fiji&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Vaccine FAQs – MINISTRY OF HEALTH &amp; MEDICAL SERVICES| date=24 March 2021 |url=https://www.health.gov.fj/covid-vaccine/vaccine-faqs/|access-date=2022-01-06|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Gabon&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Georgia&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Ghana&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ghana approves two more COVID-19 vaccines - Xinhua &amp;#124; English.news.cn|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2021-07/29/c_1310092883.htm|access-date=30 November 2021|website=xinhuanet|accessdate=25 December 2021|archivedate=30 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130221511/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2021-07/29/c_1310092883.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Guatemala&lt;ref name=&quot;auto3&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=COVID-19 Information |url=https://gt.usembassy.gov/alert-covid-19-2/ |website=U.S. Embassy in Guatemala |date=25 February 2020 |accessdate=7 July 2021 |archivedate=7 May 2021 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507124017/https://gt.usembassy.gov/alert-covid-19-2/ }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Guinea&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Honduras&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Indonesia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20210715145336-20-668159/bpom-terbitkan-izin-penggunaan-darurat-vaksin-covid-19-pfizer|title=BPOM Terbitkan Izin Penggunaan Darurat Vaksin COVID-19 Pfizer|work=CNN Indonesia|date=15 July 2021|access-date=15 July 2021|language=id}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Iraq&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Iraq grants emergency approval for Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.msn.com/en-ae/news/other/iraq-grants-emergency-approval-for-pfizer-covid-19-vaccine/ar-BB1cgvD6|access-date=27 December 2020|publisher=MSN}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Israel&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Israeli Health Minister 'pleased' as FDA approves Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/fda-approves-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use-nyt-651871|access-date=28 December 2020|website=The Jerusalem Post}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Ivory Coast&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Japan&lt;ref name=&quot;jp&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=14 February 2021|title=Japan approves Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine, 1st for domestic use|work=[[Nikkei Asia]]|url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Coronavirus/Japan-approves-Pfizer-s-COVID-19-vaccine-1st-for-domestic-use|access-date=14 February 2021|name-list-style=vanc|accessdate=7 July 2021|archivedate=18 March 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210318232113/https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Coronavirus/Japan-approves-Pfizer-s-COVID-19-vaccine-1st-for-domestic-use}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=Tsukimori|first=Osamu|date=15 February 2021|title=Japan gives OK to Pfizer coronavirus vaccine, with rollout to begin this week|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/02/15/national/science-health/pfizer-vaccine-approval-japan/|access-date=1 April 2021|website=The Japan Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Jordan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=15 December 2020|title=Jordan approves Pfizer-BioNTech Covid vaccine|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20201215-jordan-approves-pfizer-biontech-covid-vaccine|access-date=15 December 2020|publisher=France 24}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Kazakhstan&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Kenya&lt;ref name=&quot;auto13&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite news||date=2 August 2021|title=Kenya Approves J&amp;J, Pfizer Covid-19 Vaccines as Cases Surge|work=Bloomberg.com|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-08-02/kenya-approves-j-j-pfizer-covid-19-vaccines-as-cases-surge|access-date=24 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Kosovo&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Kuwait&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=13 December 2020|title=Kuwait authorizes emergency use of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://arab.news/427j9|access-date=15 December 2020|website=Arab News}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Kyrgyzstan&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Laos&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Lebanon&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=14 February 2021|title=Lebanon starts Covid-19 vaccination campaign|url=https://www.france24.com/en/middle-east/20210214-lebanon-starts-covid-19-vaccination-campaign|access-date=16 March 2021|publisher=France 24}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Libya&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Malawi&lt;ref name=&quot;auto7&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Malawi Ministry of Health on Facebook|url=https://www.facebook.com/login/?next&amp;#61;https%253A%252F%252Fwww.facebook.com%252Fmalawimoh%252Fposts%252F4098884300167054|access-date=14 September 2021|website=Facebook}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Malaysia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Lim|first=Ida|date=8 January 2021|title=Khairy: Malaysia can use Pfizer's Covid-19 vaccine now as conditional registration granted|work=[[The Malay Mail]]|url=https://www.msn.com/en-my/news/national/khairy-malaysia-can-use-pfizer-e2-80-99s-covid-19-vaccine-now-as-conditional-registration-granted/ar-BB1czVUU|access-date=8 January 2021|name-list-style=vanc}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Maldives&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=15 March 2021|title=Sinopharm &amp; Pfizer approved for use in Maldives|url=https://timesofaddu.com/2021/03/15/breaking-sinopharm-pfizer-approved-for-use-in-maldives/|access-date=1 April 2021|website=The Times of Addu}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Mexico&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=12 December 2020|title=Mexico Approves Pfizer Vaccine for Emergency Use as Covid Surges|publisher=Bloomberg|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-12-12/mexico-approves-pfizer-vaccine-for-emergency-use-as-covid-surges|access-date=12 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=12 December 2020|title=Mexico authorizes emergency use of Pfizer-BioNTech coronavirus vaccine|website=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/world-news/mexico-authorizes-emergency-use-of-pfizer-biontech-coronavirus-vaccine/articleshow/79696221.cms|access-date=14 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Moldova&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Foundation|first=Thomson Reuters|title=Moldova approves Russia's Sputnik V vaccine as political row simmers|url=https://news.trust.org/item/20210227162136-o0jx5/|access-date=1 April 2021|website=news.trust.org|accessdate=7 July 2021|archivedate=3 April 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210403221351/https://news.trust.org/item/20210227162136-o0jx5/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Monaco&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=First Vaccines Arrive in Monaco – COVID-19 vaccination campaign begins tomorrow / Actualités / Coronavirus (Covid-19) / Policy &amp; Practice / Portail du Gouvernement – Monaco|url=https://en.gouv.mc/Policy-Practice/Coronavirus-Covid-19/Actualites/FIRST-VACCINES-ARRIVE-IN-MONACO-COVID-19-vaccination-campaign-begins-tomorrow|access-date=19 February 2021|website=en.gouv.mc}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Mongolia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Mongolia will receive 300,000 doses of COVID-19 vaccine developed by China|url=https://akipress.com/news:654794:Mongolia_will_receive_300,000_doses_of_COVID-19_vaccine_developed_by_China/|access-date=19 March 2021|website=AKIpress News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Montenegro&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Morocco&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Namibia&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Nepal&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=14 November 2021|title=People to get Pfizer vaccine from today|url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/nepal/people-to-get-pfizer-vaccine-from-today|access-date=28 December 2021|website=himalayantimes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Nicaragua&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Nigeria&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=30 April 2021|title=NAFDAC approves Pfizer Biotech Vaccine for emergency use authorisation|url=https://editor.guardian.ng/news/nafdac-approves-pfizer-biotech-vaccine-for-emergency-use-authorisation/|access-date=21 July 2021|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# North Macedonia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=North Macedonia Kicks Off COVID-19 Vaccinations As Serbia Looks To Highlight Regional Efforts|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/north-macedonia-kicks-off-covid-19-vaccinations/31108206.html|access-date=19 February 2021|website=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Oman&lt;ref name=&quot;oman&quot;&gt;{{cite news|date=15 December 2020|title=Oman issues licence to import Pfizer BioNTech Covid vaccine – TV|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-oman-vaccine-int-idUSKBN28P1RA|access-date=16 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Pakistan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=DRAP gives emergency approval for Pfizer's coronavirus vaccine |url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/352816-drap-gives-emergency-approval-for-pfizers-coronavirus-vaccine |website=www.geo.tv }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Palestine&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Panama&lt;ref name=&quot;panama&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Panama approves Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine – health ministry|url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/panama-approves-pfizers-covid-19-010942802.html|access-date=16 December 2020|publisher=Yahoo! Finance}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Papua New Guinea&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=12 August 2021|title=Vaccination is not compulsory, Prime Minister tells Parliament|url=https://covid19.info.gov.pg/vaccination-is-not-compulsory-prime-minister-tells-parliament/|access-date=24 September 2021|website=PNG &amp;#124; COVID 19}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Paraguay&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=DNVS otorga registro sanitario de emergencia a Pfizer - MSPBS Py|url=https://www.mspbs.gov.py/portal/23306/dnvs-otorga-registro-sanitario-de-emergencia-a-pfizer.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Pfizer: la nueva vacuna que compró Paraguay. MSPBS Paraguay|url=https://www.mspbs.gov.py/portal/23192/pfizer-la-nueva-vacuna-que-compro-paraguay.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Peru&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Peru regulators approve Pfizer vaccine against COVID-19: filing|url=https://news.yahoo.com/peru-regulators-approve-pfizer-vaccine-173719455.html|access-date=31 March 2021|publisher=Yahoo! News}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Philippines&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:cite news||date=14 January 2021|title=PH authorizes Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use|publisher=CNN Philippines|url=https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/1/14/Pfizer-COVID-19-vaccine-Philippines-FDA-emergency-use-EUA.html|access-date=14 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Qatar&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:cite news||title=Qatar, Oman to receive Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine this week|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-vaccine-qatar/qatar-oman-to-receive-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-this-week-idUSKBN28U0VE|access-date=24 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Rwanda&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# San Marino&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Serbia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:cite news||date=21 December 2020|title=Serbia leads region in expecting COVID-19 vaccines within days|work=BalkanInsight|url=https://balkaninsight.com/2020/12/21/serbia-leads-region-in-expecting-covid-19-vaccines-within-days/|access-date=26 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=22 December 2020|title=First shipment of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine arrives in Serbia|work=Serbian government website|url=https://www.srbija.gov.rs/vest/en/165409/first-shipment-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-arrives-in-serbia.php|access-date=26 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Singapore&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=14 December 2020|title=Singapore approves use of Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://apnews.com/article/science-singapore-coronavirus-pandemic-lee-hsien-loong-coronavirus-vaccine-5bf8461b9d2d32ec08d56fcf5958317a|access-date=15 December 2020|publisher=Associated Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# South Africa&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=South Africa approves Pfizer Covid-19 vaccine for emergency use|url=https://businesstech.co.za/news/trending/476360/south-africa-approves-pfizer-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use/|access-date=18 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Pfizer-BioNTec approved for emergency use in SA: here is what you need to know about the vaccine|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2021-03-18-pfizer-biontec-approved-for-emergency-use-in-sa-here-is-what-you-need-to-know-about-the-vaccine/|access-date=19 March 2021|website=TimesLIVE}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# South Korea&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Lee|first1=Kyung-eun|date=27 February 2021|title=S. Korea begins rolling out Pfizer vaccines on second day of national vaccination program|work=Arirang News|url=https://www.arirang.com/news/News_View.asp?nseq=273056|access-date=28 February 2021|accessdate=7 July 2021|archivedate=10 March 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310013846/https://www.arirang.com/news/News_View.asp?nseq=273056}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Kim|first1=Han-joo|date=5 March 2021|title=S. Korea approves Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine amid immunization push|publisher=Yonhap News |url=https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20210305001500320|access-date=5 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Sri Lanka&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sri Lanka approves Pfizer COVID vaccine for emergency use |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/sri-lanka-approves-pfizer-covid-vaccine-emergency-use-2021-05-08/ |website=Reuters |date=8 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Sudan&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Taiwan&lt;ref name=&quot;RTHK 20210711&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=Kemp | first=Robert | title=Fosun says it has struck deal to send Taiwan vaccines | website=RTHK | date=11 July 2021 | url=https://news.rthk.hk/rthk/en/component/k2/1600277-20210711.htm? | access-date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BioNTech PR 20210712&quot;&gt;{{cite press release | title=10 Million Doses of mRNA-based COVID-19 Vaccine to be supplied to Taiwan Region | website=BioNTech | date=12 July 2021 | url=https://investors.biontech.de/news-releases/news-release-details/10-million-doses-mrna-based-covid-19-vaccine-be-supplied-taiwan | access-date=18 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Tajikistan&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Tanzania&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Thailand&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | title = Thailand approves Pfizer-Biontech vaccine for emergency use | date = 24 June 2021 | url = https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/thailand-approves-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-emergency-use-2021-06-24/ | work = Reuters }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Tonga&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Tunisia&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT vaccine tracker&quot; /&gt;
# Turkey&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Gözde Bayar |date=18 March 2021 |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/latest-on-coronavirus-outbreak/turkey-to-receive-45m-doses-of-pfizer-vaccine-this-month/2179702 |title=Turkey to receive 4.5M doses of Pfizer vaccine this month |publisher=Anadolu Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Uganda&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Ukraine&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Наказ МОЗ України від 22.02.2021 № 308 &quot;Про державну реєстрацію лікарського засобу (медичного імунобіологічного препарату) для екстреного медичного застосування&quot;|url=https://moz.gov.ua/article/ministry-mandates/nakaz-moz-ukraini-vid-22022021--308-pro-derzhavnu-reestraciju-likarskogo-zasobu-medichnogo-imunobiologichnogo-preparatu-dlja-ekstrenogo-medichnogo-zastosuvannja|access-date=19 March 2021|website=moz.gov.ua}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# United Arab Emirates&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=23 December 2020|title=Dubai approves the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine which will be free of charge|url=https://emirateswoman.com/dubai-approves-the-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-free/|access-date=28 December 2020|website=Emirates Woman}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# United Kingdom&lt;ref name=&quot;ukgov12-2&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=2 December 2020|title=UK medicines regulator gives approval for first UK COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-medicines-regulator-gives-approval-for-first-uk-covid-19-vaccine|access-date=2 December 2020|publisher=Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, Government of the UK}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;MHRA 2020-12-08&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=8 December 2020|title=Information for Healthcare Professionals on Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/information-for-healthcare-professionals-on-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine|access-date=13 December 2020|website=Medicines &amp; Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=3 December 2020|title=Conditions of Authorisation for Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/conditions-of-authorisation-for-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine|access-date=13 December 2020|website=Medicines &amp; Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA)}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Uruguay&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Uruguay acquired Pfizer and Sinovac vaccines; details will be announced Saturday |url=https://en.mercopress.com/2021/01/23/uruguay-acquired-pfizer-and-sinovac-vaccines-details-will-be-announced-saturday |website=MercoPress }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Uzbekistan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=12 September 2021|title=U.S. Donates Over 1.2 million COVID-19 Pfizer Vaccines to Uzbekistan|url=https://uz.usembassy.gov/u-s-donates-over-1-2-million-covid-19-pfizer-vaccines-to-uzbekistan/|access-date=4 October 2021|website=&lt;nowiki&gt;[[U.S. Embassy in Uzbekistan&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Vatican City&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=McElwee|first=Joshua J.|date=11 December 2020|title=Vatican to offer coronavirus vaccine to residents and staff in early 2021|publisher=[[National Catholic Reporter]]|url=https://www.ncronline.org/news/coronavirus/vatican-offer-coronavirus-vaccine-residents-and-staff-early-2021|access-date=9 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release|url=https://www.vaticannews.va/it/vaticano/news/2020-12/in-vaticano-parte-il-piano-vaccinale-anticovid.html|title=In Vaticano parte il piano vaccinale anticovid|date=11 December 2020|access-date=9 February 2021|first=Massimiliano|last=Menichetti|website=vatican.va}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Vietnam&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Le|first=Nga|date=12 June 2021|title=Vietnam approves Pfizer Covid vaccine for emergency use|work=[[VnExpress]]|url=https://e.vnexpress.net/news/news/vietnam-approves-pfizer-covid-vaccine-for-emergency-use-4293267.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Zambia&lt;ref name=&quot;TrackVax&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=COVID19 Vaccine Tracker|url=https://covid19.trackvaccines.org/|access-date=2022-01-12|website=covid19.trackvaccines.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
'''{{nowrap|[[European Medicines Agency|EMA]] countries}}'''&lt;ref name=&quot;Comirnaty EPAR&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EU Marketing authorisation&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title=Comirnaty | website=Union Register of medicinal products | date=21 December 2020 | url=https://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/h1528.htm | access-date=26 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Austria
# Belgium
# Bulgaria
# Croatia
# Cyprus
# Czech Republic
# Denmark
# Estonia
# Finland
# France
# Germany
# Greece
# Hungary
# Iceland
# Ireland
# Italy
# Latvia
# Liechtenstein
# Lithuania
# Luxembourg
# Malta
# Netherlands
# Norway
# Poland
# Portugal
# Romania
# Slovakia
# Slovenia
# Spain
# Sweden
'''{{nowrap|[[Caribbean Public Health Agency|CARPHA]] countries}}'''&lt;ref name=&quot;carpha-pfizer&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=Caribbean Public Health Agency &gt; Who We Are &gt; Member States | website=The Caribbean Public Health Agency (CARPHA) | url=https://www.carpha.org/Who-We-Are/Member-States | access-date=7 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=6 January 2021|title=Pfizer vaccine approved for region but Health Ministry wants more info|url=https://newsday.co.tt/2021/01/06/pfizer-vaccine-approved-for-region-but-health-ministry-wants-more-info/|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Trinidad and Tobago Newsday}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Antigua and Barbuda
# Bahamas
# Barbados
# Belize
# Dominica
# Grenada
# Guyana
# Haiti
# Jamaica
# Saint Kitts and Nevis
# Saint Lucia
# Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
# Suriname
# Trinidad and Tobago
&lt;!-- not counted --&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
'''[[List of ISO 3166-1 codes|Non-country entities]]'''
* American Samoa&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Anguilla{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Aruba{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Bermuda{{efn|name=carphance}}
* British Virgin Islands{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Caribbean Netherlands{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Cayman Islands{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Cook Islands&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Curaçao{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Faroe Islands&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=Nielsdóttir|first=Alda|date=30 December 2020|title=First Covid-19 vaccines administered in the Faroe Islands|url=https://local.fo/first-covid-19-vaccines-administered-in-the-faroe-islands/|access-date=29 March 2021|website=Local.fo}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* French Polynesia&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Gibraltar&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
* Greenland&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last1=Sevunts|first1=Levon|last2=International|first2=Radio Canada|date=4 January 2021|title=Greenland launches COVID-19 vaccination campaign|url=https://www.rcinet.ca/eye-on-the-arctic/2021/01/04/greenland-launches-covid-19-vaccination-campaign-1/|access-date=21 March 2021|website=Eye on the Arctic}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Guadeloupe&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Guam&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Guernsey&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
* Hong Kong&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=25 January 2021|title=Use of vaccine approved|url=https://www.news.gov.hk/eng/2021/01/20210125/20210125_175428_123.html|access-date=15 February 2021|publisher=Government of Hong Kong}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Isle of Man&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
* Jersey&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
* Macau&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:cite web||title=Local BioNTech vaccination to resume on April 5 |url=https://www.macaubusiness.com/local-biontech-vaccination-to-resume-on-april-5/ |website=macaubusiness.com |access-date=15 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Martinique&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Montserrat{{efn|name=carphance}}
* New Caledonia&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
* Niue&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Northern Cyprus&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;
* Northern Mariana Islands&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Puerto Rico&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Sint Maarten{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Tokelau&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Turks and Caicos Islands{{efn|name=carphance}}
* ''[[World Health Organization]]''&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO status&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release|title=WHO issues its first emergency use validation for a COVID-19 vaccine and emphasizes need for equitable global access|website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO)|url=https://www.who.int/news/item/31-12-2020-who-issues-its-first-emergency-use-validation-for-a-covid-19-vaccine-and-emphasizes-need-for-equitable-global-access|date=31 December 2020|access-date=6 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title=WHO recommendation Tozinameran – COVID-19 mRNA vaccine (nucleoside modified) – Comirnaty | website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO) | date=31 December 2020 | url=https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/vaccines/who-recommendation-covid-19-mrna-vaccine-nucleoside-modified-comirnaty | access-date=8 May 2021 | accessdate=7 July 2021 | archivedate=9 May 2021 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509155424/https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/vaccines/who-recommendation-covid-19-mrna-vaccine-nucleoside-modified-comirnaty }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

== Janssen ==
&lt;section begin=&quot;janssenauthmap&quot;/&gt;
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|QA=dodgerblue
|RO=dodgerblue|RS=limegreen|RW=dodgerblue
|SA=dodgerblue|SB=limegreen|SD=dodgerblue|SE=dodgerblue|SG=limegreen|SI=darkred|SK=dodgerblue|SL=limegreen|SN=dodgerblue|SO=dodgerblue|SR=dodgerblue|SS=dodgerblue|ST=limegreen|SV=limegreen|SX=dodgerblue|SY=dodgerblue|SZ=dodgerblue
|TC=dodgerblue|TD=limegreen|TH=dodgerblue|TG=limegreen|TJ=limegreen|TL=limegreen|TN=dodgerblue|TO=limegreen|TR=turquoise|TT=dodgerblue|TV=limegreen|TW=dodgerblue|TZ=dodgerblue
|UA=dodgerblue|UG=dodgerblue|US=dodgerblue|UY=limegreen|UZ=limegreen
|VC=dodgerblue|VE=limegreen|VG=dodgerblue|VN=dodgerblue|VU=limegreen
|WS=limegreen
|XK=limegreen
|YE=dodgerblue
|ZA=dodgerblue|ZM=dodgerblue|ZW=dodgerblue
}}
|caption=
{{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|lightpink|Full authorization, not used}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|turquoise|Allowed for travel}}
{{leftlegend|limegreen|Eligible [[COVAX]] recipient}}
{{leftlegend|darkred|Usage stopped}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;janssenauthmap&quot;/&gt;
The [[Janssen COVID-19 vaccine]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title=Janssen COVID-19 Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) Official Website | website=Janssen | date=28 February 2021 | url=https://www.janssencovid19vaccine.com/hcp.html | access-date=28 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; is a [[viral vector vaccine]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite techreport|type=Briefing|date=26 February 2021|title=Janssen Ad26.COV2.S Vaccine for the Prevention of COVID-19|publisher=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA)|url=https://www.fda.gov/media/146217/download|page=6|access-date=6 March 2021|quote=The vaccine, known as Ad26.COV2.S, is a replication-incompetent adenovirus type 26 (Ad26) vectored vaccine encoding a stabilized variant of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein.}}&lt;/ref&gt; produced by [[Janssen Pharmaceutica]] (a subsidiary of [[Johnson &amp; Johnson]]) and [[Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:22&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=4 August 2020|title=A Study of Ad26.COV2.S in Adults|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04436276|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200916063346/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04436276|archive-date=16 September 2020|access-date=23 August 2020|website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:32&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=A Study of Ad26.COV2.S for the Prevention of SARS-CoV-2-Mediated COVID-19 in Adult Participants|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04505722|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926145744/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04505722|archive-date=26 September 2020|website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]]|publisher=US National Library of Medicine}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is also known as Johnson &amp; Johnson COVID-19 Vaccine and as COVID-19 Vaccine Janssen.&lt;ref name=&quot;COVID-19 Vaccine Janssen EPAR&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=5 March 2021|title=COVID-19 Vaccine Janssen EPAR|url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/covid-19-vaccine-janssen|access-date=16 March 2021|publisher=[[European Medicines Agency]] (EMA)}}&lt;/ref&gt; Three countries, Denmark, Finland, and Norway, discontinued the use of the Janssen vaccine in favor of other available vaccines due to a possible link between the vaccine and a rare blood clot disorder.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The Danish COVID-19 vaccine rollout continues without the COVID-19 vaccine from Johnson &amp; Johnson |url=https://www.sst.dk/en/english/news/2021/the-danish-covid-19-vaccine-rollout-continues-without-the-covid-19-vaccine-from-johnson-johnson |website=www.sst.dk |accessdate=2021-07-07 |archivedate=2021-07-01 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210701225047/https://www.sst.dk/en/english/news/2021/the-danish-covid-19-vaccine-rollout-continues-without-the-covid-19-vaccine-from-johnson-johnson }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;thl.fi&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Decision on using the Johnson &amp; Johnson coronavirus vaccine in Finland to come after European Medicines Agency issues recommendations - News - THL |url=https://thl.fi/en/web/thlfi-en/-/decision-on-using-the-johnson-johnson-coronavirus-vaccine-in-finland-to-come-after-european-medicines-agency-issues-recommendations |website=Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Finland |access-date=5 December 2021 |accessdate=25 December 2021 |archivedate=5 December 2021 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205171139/https://thl.fi/en/web/thlfi-en/-/decision-on-using-the-johnson-johnson-coronavirus-vaccine-in-finland-to-come-after-european-medicines-agency-issues-recommendations }}&lt;/ref&gt; The use of the Janssen adenovirus vector vaccine began in Finland in October 2021. It is only offered for those aged 65 and over because of a very rare risk of thrombosis in younger age groups.&lt;ref name=&quot;Use of AstraZeneca coronavirus vacc&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Getting vaccinated against COVID-19&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Adenovirus vaccines: FAQ - THL&quot;/&gt;

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;Janssen_FN&quot;/&gt;3&lt;section end=&quot;Janssen_FN&quot;/&gt;)
# Australia (not used)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title=COVID-19 Vaccine Janssen | website=Therapeutic Goods Administration | date=25 June 2021 | url=https://www.tga.gov.au/apm-summary/covid-19-vaccine-janssen | access-date=26 June 2021 | accessdate=7 July 2021 | archivedate=28 August 2021 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828190300/https://www.tga.gov.au/apm-summary/covid-19-vaccine-janssen }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=25 June 2021|title=TGA grants third provisional approval to COVID-19 vaccine: Janssen|url=https://www.tga.gov.au/media-release/tga-grants-third-provisional-approval-covid-19-vaccine-janssen|access-date=28 June 2021|website=[[Therapeutic Goods Administration]] (TGA)}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Canada&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title=Janssen (Johnson &amp; Johnson) COVID-19 vaccine | website=[[Health Canada]] | date=5 March 2021 | url=https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/drugs-health-products/covid19-industry/drugs-vaccines-treatments/vaccines/janssen.html | access-date=24 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title=Regulatory Decision Summary - Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine | website=[[Health Canada]] | url=https://covid-vaccine.canada.ca/info/regulatory-decision-summary-detail.html?linkID=RDS00890 | access-date=24 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Switzerland&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|agency=Keystone-SDA/Reuters/sb|title=Johnson &amp; Johnson Covid vaccine approved for use in Switzerland|url=https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/johnson---johnson-covid-vaccine-approved-for-use-in-switzerland/46469458|access-date=1 April 2021|website=SWI swissinfo.ch}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | title=Swissmedic regulator approves Johnson &amp; Johnson COVID-19 vaccine | publisher=Reuters | date=22 March 2021 | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-swiss-johnsonjohnson-idUSZ8N2K8003 | access-date=3 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{-}}

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;Janssen_EN&quot;/&gt;126&lt;section end=&quot;Janssen_EN&quot;/&gt;)
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 0.3em; column-width: 15em;&quot;&gt;
# Afghanistan&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Andorra&lt;ref name=&quot;Andorra vaccines&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Informació en relació amb la vacunació contra la COVID-19|publisher=Govern d'Andorra|url=https://www.govern.ad/vacunacio/faqs/FAQS_Vacunacio_COVID19.pdf|access-date=14 March 2021 | language=ca }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Argentina&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=de 2021|first=6 de Octubre|title=COVID-19: la ANMAT aprobó el uso de emergencia de la vacuna de Johnson &amp; Johnson|url=https://www.infobae.com/salud/2021/10/06/covid-19-la-anmat-aprobo-el-uso-de-emergencia-de-la-vacuna-de-janssen/|access-date=6 October 2021|website=infobae|language=es-ES}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Bahamas&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Farmacovigilancia de vacunas para COVID-19 - Janssen|url=https://covid-19pharmacovigilance.paho.org/|access-date=9 October 2021|website=Farmacovigilancia de vacunas para COVID-19|accessdate=6 October 2021|archivedate=6 October 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006044523/https://covid-19pharmacovigilance.paho.org/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Bahrain&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | title=Bahrain first to approve Johnson &amp; Johnson COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use | publisher=Reuters | date=25 February 2021 | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-bahrain-idUSS8N2I4021 | access-date=25 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | title=Bahrain becomes 1st nation to grant J&amp;J shot emergency use | website=ABC News (United States) | date=25 February 2021 | url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/bahrain-1st-nation-grant-jj-shot-emergency-76112143 | access-date=25 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Bangladesh&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | title=Bangladesh approves Johnson &amp; Johnson's Covid-19 vaccine for emergency use| publisher=Dhaka Tribune | date=15 June 2021| url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2021/06/15/johnson-johnson-s-covid-19-vaccine-approved-for-emergency-use | access-date=15 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/coronavirus-deadly-new-threat/news/single-dose-covid-19-vaccine-janssen-gets-emergency-use-authorization-bangladesh-2111557| title=Single-dose Covid-19 vaccine Janssen gets emergency use authorization in Bangladesh| website=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]]| date=15 June 2021|access-date=15 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Benin&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Bolivia&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot; /&gt;
# Botswana&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=COVID-19 Vaccines Approved by BoMRA |url=https://www.bomra.co.bw/index.php/news-updates/177-covid-19-vaccines-approved-by-bomra |website=www.bomra.co.bw |accessdate=2021-07-07 |archivedate=2021-06-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613171202/https://www.bomra.co.bw/index.php/news-updates/177-covid-19-vaccines-approved-by-bomra }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Brazil&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=31 March 2021 |title=Brazil health regulator approves emergency use of Johnson &amp; Johnson COVID-19 vaccine |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-brazil-janssen/brazil-health-regulator-approves-emergency-use-of-johnson-johnson-covid-19-vaccine-idUSL1N2LT2PS |publisher=Reuters |location=Rio de Janeiro |access-date=1 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Brunei&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Burkina Faso&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Cambodia&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Cameroon&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Central African Republic&lt;ref name=&quot;TrackVax&quot;/&gt;
# Chile&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Chile authorizes emergency use of Johnson &amp; Johnson's Janssen vaccine through COVAX|url=https://www.ispch.cl/noticia/isp-valida-uso-de-emergencia-de-la-vacuna-janssen-de-johnson-johnson-a-traves-de-mecanismo-covax/|publisher=Public Health Institute, [[Ministry of Health (Chile)|Ministry of Health of Chile]]|date=10 June 2021|accessdate=7 July 2021|archivedate=12 June 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210612004858/https://www.ispch.cl/noticia/isp-valida-uso-de-emergencia-de-la-vacuna-janssen-de-johnson-johnson-a-traves-de-mecanismo-covax/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Colombia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Acosta|first=Luis Jaime|location=Bogotá|title=Colombia grants emergency use for J&amp;J coronavirus vaccine |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-colombia/colombia-grants-emergency-use-for-jj-coronavirus-vaccine-idUSL1N2LO01O |access-date=25 March 2021 |publisher=Reuters |date=25 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Congo-Kinshasa&lt;ref name=&quot;DRC&quot;/&gt;
# Djibouti&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Egypt&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Eswatini&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Ethiopia&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Gabon&lt;ref name=&quot;TrackVax&quot;/&gt;
# Ghana&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:cite web ||title=Johnson &amp; Johnson COVID-19 vaccine to be available in Ghana by August |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/johnson-johnson-covid-19-vaccine-to-be-available-in-ghana-by-august.html |website=Graphic Online}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Guinea&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Honduras&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# India&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=7 August 2021|title=India approves J&amp;J COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/india-approves-jj-covid-19-vaccine-emergency-use-2021-08-07/|access-date=7 August 2021|website=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Indonesia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto6&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=|first=|date=7 September 2021|title=BPOM Terbitkan Izin Penggunaan Darurat Vaksin Covid-19 Produksi Johnson &amp; Johnson dan Cansino|url=https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2021/09/07/18330171/bpom-terbitkan-izin-penggunaan-darurat-vaksin-covid-19-produksi-johnson|access-date=7 September 2021|website=KOMPAS.com|language=id}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Iran&lt;ref name=&quot;TrackVax&quot;/&gt;
# Ivory Coast&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Jordan&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Kenya&lt;ref name=&quot;auto13&quot;/&gt;
# Kuwait&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Kuwait authorises emergency use of Johnson &amp; Johnson vaccine |url=https://www.kuna.net.kw/ArticleDetails.aspx?id=2980741&amp;language=en |publisher=Kuwait News Agency (KUNA) |date=8 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Laos&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Lesotho&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Liberia&lt;ref name=&quot;TrackVax&quot;/&gt;
# Libya&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Madagascar&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Malawi&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Malaysia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=15 June 2021|title=Malaysia grants conditional approval for CanSino, J&amp;J COVID-19 vaccines|url= https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/malaysia-grants-conditional-approval-cansino-jj-covid-19-vaccines-2021-06-15/|work=[[Reuters]]|access-date= 15 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Maldives&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Approval to use of Covid-19 vaccine Janssen |url=http://health.gov.mv/Uploads/Downloads//Informations/Informations(381).pdf |publisher=Maldives Food and Drug Authority |date=6 June 2021 |accessdate=7 July 2021 |archivedate=11 June 2021 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210611230415/http://health.gov.mv/Uploads/Downloads//Informations/Informations(381).pdf }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Mali&lt;ref name=&quot;TrackVax&quot;/&gt;
# Marshall Islands{{efn|name=CFA}}
# Mauritania&lt;ref name=&quot;TrackVax&quot;/&gt;
# Mexico&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title= El Comité de Moléculas Nuevas de COFEPRIS informa sobre los resultados de votación para la vacuna COVID-19 (Ad26.COV2-S [Recombinante]) |url=https://www.gob.mx/cofepris/articulos/el-comite-de-moleculas-nuevas-de-cofepris-informa-sobre-los-resultados-de-votacion-para-la-vacuna-covid-19-ad26-cov2-s-recombinante |website=www.gob.mx/cofepris |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title= COFEPRIS emite autorización para uso de emergencia a vacuna contra COVID-19 Ad26.COV2.S de Janssen (Johnson &amp; Johnson) |url=https://www.gob.mx/cofepris/articulos/cofepris-emite-autorizacion-para-uso-de-emergencia-a-vacuna-contra-covid-19-ad26-cov2-s-de-janssen-johnson-johnson |website=www.gob.mx/cofepris |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Micronesia{{efn|name=CFA}}
# Moldova&lt;ref name=&quot;msmps.gov.md&quot;/&gt;
# Morocco&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Mozambique&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Namibia&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Nepal&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=1.5 million doses of J&amp;J vaccine arrive in Nepal|url=https://kathmandupost.com/health/2021/07/12/1-5-million-doses-of-j-j-vaccine-arrive-in-nepal|access-date=12 July 2021|website=kathmandupost}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Nicaragua&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Nigeria&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=20 April 2021|title=905m COVID-19 shots administered worldwide – Report|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/health/456360-905m-covid-19-shots-administered-worldwide-report.html|access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Palau{{efn|name=CFA}}
# Palestine&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Papua New Guinea&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Peru&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=9 July 2021|title=Peru authorizes use of Johnson &amp; Johnson COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://andina.pe/ingles/noticia-peru-authorizes-use-of-johnson-johnson-covid19-vaccine-852510.aspx|access-date=3 August 2021|website=[[ATV (Peruvian TV channel)|Andina]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Philippines&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||url=https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/4/19/covaxin-janssen-emergency-use-authorization.html|title=Covaxin, Janssen approved for emergency use in PH |work=CNN Philippines|date=19 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Qatar&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Rwanda&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Saudi Arabia&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Senegal&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Singapore&lt;ref name=&quot;channelnewsasia.com&quot;/&gt; ''(restricted)''
# Somalia&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# South Africa&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-55675806|title=Coronavirus: South Africa rolls out vaccination programme|date=17 February 2021|access-date=19 February 2021|work=BBC News}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# South Korea&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Lardieri |first1=Alexa |title=South Korea Approves Johnson &amp; Johnson Vaccine |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/health-news/articles/2021-04-07/south-korea-grants-conditional-approval-to-johnson-johnson-coronavirus-vaccine |access-date=8 April 2021 |work=U.S. News &amp; World Report |date=7 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# South Sudan&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Sudan&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Syria&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Taiwan (not used)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=10 June 2021|title=嬌生疫苗通過我緊急使用授權 BNT僅「有條件通過」|publisher=The Liberty Times|url=https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/breakingnews/3565594}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Tanzania&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Thailand&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=25 March 2021|title=Thailand approves Johnson &amp; Johnson's COVID-19 vaccine|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-thailand-idUSKBN2BH1L7|access-date=1 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Tunisia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Tunisia approve Johnson &amp; Johnson COVID-19 vaccine |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-tunisia/tunisia-approve-johnson-johnson-covid-19-vaccine-idUSKBN2BV1SQ |website=Reuters |date=8 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Uganda&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Ukraine&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# United Kingdom&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Janssen single-dose Covid vaccine approved by UK |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/health-57283837 |publisher=BBC News |date=28 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# United States&lt;ref name=&quot;FDA PR 20210227&quot;&gt;{{cite press release | title=FDA Issues Emergency Use Authorization for Third COVID-19 Vaccine | publisher=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) | date=27 February 2021 | url=https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-issues-emergency-use-authorization-third-covid-19-vaccine | access-date=27 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FDA EUA&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.fda.gov/media/146303/download|title=Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine EUA Letter of Authorization 06102021|date=10 June 2021|website=U.S. Food &amp; Drug Administration}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Vietnam&lt;ref name=ldo1507&gt;{{Cite news|date=15 July 2021|title=Việt Nam phê duyệt khẩn cấp vaccine COVID-19 của Johnson &amp; Johnson|work=Lao Động|url=https://laodong.vn/y-te/viet-nam-phe-duyet-khan-cap-vaccine-covid-19-cua-johnson--johnson-930853.ldo}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=vnp1507&gt;{{Cite news|date=15 July 2021|title=Bộ Y tế phê duyệt vaccine phòng COVID-19 Janssen của Johnson &amp; Johnson|work=Vietnam+|url=https://www.vietnamplus.vn/bo-y-te-phe-duyet-vaccine-phong-covid19-janssen-cua-johnson-johnson/726931.vnp}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Yemen&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Zambia&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;
# Zimbabwe&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=28 July 2021|title=Zimbabwe approves J&amp;J COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use|url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/zimbabwe-approves-jj-covid-19-vaccine-emergency-use-2021-07-28/|access-date=23 August 2021|website=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;
'''{{nowrap|[[European Medicines Agency|EMA]] countries}}'''&lt;ref name=&quot;COVID-19 Vaccine Janssen EPAR&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EU Marketing authorisation&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Marketing authorisation|url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/marketing-authorisation|access-date=23 March 2021|publisher=[[European Medicines Agency]] (EMA)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title=COVID-19 Vaccine Janssen | website=Union Register of medicinal products | url=https://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/h1525.htm | access-date=26 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Austria
# Belgium
# Bulgaria
# Croatia
# Cyprus
# Czech Republic
# Denmark
# Estonia
# Finland
# France
# Germany
# Greece
# Hungary
# Iceland
# Ireland
# Italy
# Latvia
# Liechtenstein
# Lithuania
# Luxembourg
# Malta
# Netherlands
# Norway
# Poland
# Portugal
# Romania
# Slovakia
# Slovenia
# Spain
# Sweden
'''{{nowrap|[[Caribbean Public Health Agency|CARPHA]] countries}}'''&lt;ref name=&quot;COVID-19 Vaccine Information&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=COVID-19 Vaccine Information |url=https://www.carpha.org/What-We-Do/Public-Health/Novel-Coronavirus/COVID-19-Vaccine-Information |website=www.carpha.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Antigua and Barbuda
# Bahamas
# Barbados
# Belize
# Dominica
# Grenada
# Guyana
# Haiti
# Jamaica
# Saint Kitts and Nevis
# Saint Lucia
# Saint Vincent and the Grenadines&lt;ref name=&quot;auto2&quot;/&gt;
# Suriname
# Trinidad and Tobago
&lt;!-- not counted --&gt;
&lt;!-- not counted --&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
'''Non-country entities'''
* American Samoa&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Anguilla{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Aruba{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Bermuda{{efn|name=carphance}}
* British Virgin Islands{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Caribbean Netherlands{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Cayman Islands{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Curaçao{{efn|name=carphance}}
* French Polynesia&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Greenland&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT vaccine tracker&quot; /&gt;
* Guam&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Montserrat{{efn|name=carphance}}
* New Caledonia&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Northern Cyprus&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Aşı Türleri - K.K.T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı - Aşı Bilgi Sistemi|url=https://asi.saglik.gov.ct.tr/content/vaccine-types|access-date=19 November 2021|website=asi.saglik.gov.ct.tr|accessdate=25 December 2021|archivedate=19 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119085117/https://asi.saglik.gov.ct.tr/content/vaccine-types}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Northern Mariana Islands&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Puerto Rico&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Sint Maarten{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Turks and Caicos Islands{{efn|name=carphance}}
* ''Africa Regulatory Taskforce''&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=UPDATE: Statement to Member States regarding thromboembolic events after vaccination with Janssen COVID-19 vaccine (Johnson &amp; Johnson)|url=https://africacdc.org/news-item/update-statement-to-member-states-regarding-thromboembolic-events-after-vaccination-with-janssen-covid-19-vaccine-johnson-johnson/|access-date=7 June 2021|website=Africa CDC}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''[[World Health Organization]]''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=WHO approves J&amp;J's COVID-19 vaccine for emergency listing |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/covid-19-who-approves-johnson-jj-vaccine-emergency-listing-14394654 |access-date=13 March 2021 |publisher=Channel NewsAsia |date=13 March 2021 |accessdate=7 July 2021 |archivedate=18 March 2021 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210318014950/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/covid-19-who-approves-johnson-jj-vaccine-emergency-listing-14394654 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title=WHO recommendation Janssen–Cilag International NV (Belgium) COVID-19 Vaccine (Ad26.COV2-S [recombinant]) | website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO) | date=12 March 2021 | url=https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/vaccines/who-recommendation-janssen-cilag-international-nv-belgium-covid-19-vaccine-ad26cov2-s | access-date=8 May 2021 | accessdate=7 July 2021 | archivedate=8 May 2021 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508195419/https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/vaccines/who-recommendation-janssen-cilag-international-nv-belgium-covid-19-vaccine-ad26cov2-s }}&lt;/ref&gt;
;Travel-only
* Hong Kong&lt;ref name=&quot;HK&quot;/&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

== Moderna ==
&lt;section begin=&quot;modernaauthmap&quot; /&gt;
{{infobox|image={{Graph:Map|scale=65|defaultValue=gainsboro
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|OM=limegreen
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|QA=dodgerblue
|RO=dodgerblue|RS=dodgerblue|RW=dodgerblue
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|TC=dodgerblue|TD=limegreen|TG=limegreen|TH=dodgerblue|TJ=dodgerblue|TL=limegreen|TN=|TR=turquoise |TO=limegreen|TT=dodgerblue|TV=limegreen|TW=dodgerblue
|UA=dodgerblue|UG=dodgerblue|US=blueviolet|UY=limegreen|UZ=dodgerblue
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|WF=dodgerblue|WS=limegreen
|XK=limegreen
|YE=limegreen
|ZA=limegreen|ZM=limegreen|ZW=limegreen
}}
|caption=
{{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|turquoise|Allowed for travel}}
{{leftlegend|limegreen|Eligible [[COVAX]] recipient}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;modernaauthmap&quot; /&gt;
The [[Moderna COVID-19 vaccine]], also known as Spikevax,&lt;ref name=&quot;COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna EPAR&quot; /&gt; is an [[RNA vaccine|mRNA vaccine]]&lt;ref name=&quot;NCT04283461&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=16 March 2020|title=Safety and Immunogenicity Study of 2019-nCoV Vaccine (mRNA-1273) for Prophylaxis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (COVID-19)|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04283461|access-date=5 March 2021|website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]]|publisher=[[United States National Library of Medicine]]|id=NCT04283461}}&lt;/ref&gt; produced by the American company [[Moderna]], the U.S. [[National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases]], the U.S. [[Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority]], and the [[Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NCT044704272&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=14 July 2020|title=A Study to Evaluate Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of mRNA-1273 Vaccine in Adults Aged 18 Years and Older to Prevent COVID-19|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04470427|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084833/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04470427/|archive-date=11 October 2020|access-date=27 July 2020|website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]]|publisher=[[United States National Library of Medicine]]|id=NCT04470427}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;palca2&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Palca|first1=Joe|date=27 July 2020|title=COVID-19 vaccine candidate heads to widespread testing in U.S.|publisher=NPR|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/07/27/895672859/us-vaccine-candidate-heads-to-widespread-testing-in-people|url-status=live|access-date=27 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084836/https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/07/27/895672859/us-vaccine-candidate-heads-to-widespread-testing-in-people/|archive-date=11 October 2020|name-list-style=vanc}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Moderna vaccine is not offered for men under 30 years of age in Finland as a precaution to reduce a very rare risk of myocarditis.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=THL issues instructions that men under 30 years of age should only be offered the Comirnaty coronavirus vaccine - Press release - THL |url=https://thl.fi/en/web/thlfi-en/-/thl-issues-instructions-that-men-under-30-years-of-age-should-only-be-offered-the-comirnaty-coronavirus-vaccine |website=Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Finland |access-date=5 December 2021 |accessdate=25 December 2021 |archivedate=5 December 2021 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205160943/https://thl.fi/en/web/thlfi-en/-/thl-issues-instructions-that-men-under-30-years-of-age-should-only-be-offered-the-comirnaty-coronavirus-vaccine }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Getting vaccinated against COVID-19&quot;/&gt;

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;Moderna_FN&quot; /&gt;5&lt;section end=&quot;Moderna_FN&quot; /&gt;)
# Australia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=9 August 2021|title=TGA provisionally approves Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.tga.gov.au/media-release/tga-provisionally-approves-modernas-covid-19-vaccine-0|website=Therapeutic Goods Administration}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Canada&lt;ref name=&quot;hc-moderna12-23&quot;&gt;{{cite web|date=23 December 2020|title=Regulatory Decision Summary – Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine|url=https://covid-vaccine.canada.ca/info/regulatory-decision-summary-detailTwo.html?linkID=RDS00736|access-date=23 December 2020|publisher=Health Canada, Government of Canada}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hcapps&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=9 December 2020|title=Drug and vaccine authorizations for COVID-19: List of applications received|url=https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/drugs-health-products/covid19-industry/drugs-vaccines-treatments/authorization/applications.html|access-date=9 December 2020|publisher=Health Canada, Government of Canada}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot; /&gt;
# Switzerland&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release|title=Swissmedic grants authorisation for the COVID-19 vaccine from Moderna |url=https://www.swissmedic.ch/swissmedic/en/home/news/coronavirus-covid-19/zulassung-covid-19-impfstoff-moderna.html |publisher=[[Swissmedic|Swiss Agency for Therapeutic Products (Swissmedic)]] |date=12 January 2020 |access-date=12 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# United Kingdom&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=1 April 2021|title=Information for Healthcare Professionals on COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-moderna/information-for-healthcare-professionals-on-covid-19-vaccine-moderna|access-date=6 April 2021|website=[[Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency]] (MHRA)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=19 February 2021|title=Summary of the Public Assessment Report for COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-moderna/summary-of-the-public-assessment-report-for-covid-19-vaccine-moderna|access-date=6 April 2021|website=[[Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency]] (MHRA)}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# United States&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=31 January 2022|title=Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: FDA Takes Key Action by Approving Second COVID-19 Vaccine|work=[[Food and Drug Administration]]|url=https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-takes-key-action-approving-second-covid-19-vaccine|access-date=31 January 2022|accessdate=6 July 2022|archivedate=31 January 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220131163702/https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-takes-key-action-approving-second-covid-19-vaccine}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{-}}

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;Moderna_EN&quot; /&gt;104&lt;section end=&quot;Moderna_EN&quot; /&gt;)
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 0.3em; column-width: 15em;&quot;&gt;
# Andorra&lt;ref name=&quot;Andorra vaccines&quot; /&gt;
# Argentina&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=BOLETIN OFICIAL REPUBLICA ARGENTINA - MINISTERIO DE SALUD - Resolución 2711/2021|url=https://www.boletinoficial.gob.ar/detalleAviso/primera/250495|access-date=6 October 2021|website=www.boletinoficial.gob.ar}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Armenia&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot; /&gt;
# Bahrain&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot; /&gt;
# Bangladesh&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Moderna gets emergency use authorisation in Bangladesh|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/coronavirus-deadly-new-threat/news/moderna-gets-emergency-use-authorisation-bangladesh-2120677 |website=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]] |date=29 June 2021|access-date=30 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Bhutan&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Botswana&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release |title=Moderna Announces Agreement to Supply the Republic of Botswana with its COVID-19 Vaccine |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210603005629/en/Moderna-Announces-Agreement-to-Supply-the-Republic-of-Botswana-with-its-COVID-19-Vaccine |publisher=Moderna|via=Business Wire |date=3 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Bolivia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.swissinfo.ch/spa/coronavirus-bolivia_bolivia-recibe-1-9-millones-de-vacunas-moderna-donadas-por-espa%C3%B1a-y-alemania/47231766|title=Bolivia recibe 1,9 millones de vacunas Moderna donadas por España y Alemania}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Brazil&lt;ref name=&quot;Agência Brasil&quot;/&gt;
# Brunei&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Cape Verde&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Chile&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile |url=https://www.ispch.cl/noticia/el-isp-valida-el-uso-de-emergencia-de-la-vacuna-contra-covid-19-del-laboratorio-moderna/#:~:text=La%20s%C3%A9ptima%20vacuna%20aprobada%20en,s%C3%A9ptima%20vacuna%20contra%20COVID-19. |access-date=2022-05-21 |website=www.ispch.cl}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Colombia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.elespectador.com/salud/colombia-autoriza-el-uso-de-la-vacuna-de-moderna-para-el-coronavirus/ |title=Colombia autoriza el uso de la vacuna de Moderna para el coronavirus|first=El|last=Espectador|date=25 June 2021|website=El Espectador}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Congo-Brazzaville&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Congo-Kinshasa&lt;ref name=&quot;DRC&quot;/&gt;
# Egypt&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=StackPath|url=https://dailynewsegypt.com/2021/10/31/egypt-receives-784280-doses-of-modernas-covid-19-vaccine/ |access-date=5 November 2021|website=dailynewsegypt}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# El Salvador&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Fiji&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Ghana&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Farmacovigilancia de vacunas para COVID-19 - Moderna|url=https://covid-19pharmacovigilance.paho.org/|access-date=24 September 2021|website=Farmacovigilancia de vacunas para COVID-19|accessdate=6 October 2021|archivedate=6 October 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006044523/https://covid-19pharmacovigilance.paho.org/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Guatemala&lt;ref name=&quot;auto3&quot; /&gt;
# Honduras&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Honduras a la zaga de la vacunación en Centroamérica |url=https://proceso.hn/honduras-a-la-zaga-en-vacunacion-en-ca/ |website=Proceso Digital |language=es |date=10 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# India&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Kaul |first1=Rhythma |title=Moderna's Covid vaccine approved for use in India |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/modernas-covid-vaccine-approved-for-use-in-india-101624990937539.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=29 June 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Indonesia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author= Friski Riana |editor= Laila Afifa|title=BPOM Issues Emergency Use Authorization for Moderna Vaccine |url=https://en.tempo.co/read/1478877/bpom-issues-emergency-use-authorization-for-moderna-vaccine |work=Tempo.co |date=2 July 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Israel&lt;ref name=&quot;israelmoderna&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Israeli Ministry of Health Authorizes COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna for Use in Israel|url=https://investors.modernatx.com/news-releases/news-release-details/israeli-ministry-health-authorizes-covid-19-vaccine-moderna-use|publisher=modernatx.com|access-date=4 January 2021|date=4 January 2021|accessdate=7 July 2021|archivedate=17 February 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210217215148/https://investors.modernatx.com/news-releases/news-release-details/israeli-ministry-health-authorizes-covid-19-vaccine-moderna-use}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Japan&lt;ref name=&quot;jp&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release | title=Takeda Announces Approval of Moderna's COVID-19 Vaccine in Japan | publisher=Takeda | via=Business Wire | date=21 May 2021 | url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210520006154/en/Takeda-Announces-Approval-of-Moderna%E2%80%99s-COVID-19-Vaccine-in-Japan | access-date=2 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Jordan&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Kenya&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Kenya approves Moderna Sinopharm vaccines amid fourth wave|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-08-19/kenya-approves-moderna-sinopharm-vaccines-amid-fourth-wave|access-date=28 August 2021|newspaper=Bloomberg.com|date = 19 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Kuwait&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=COVID-19: Kuwait unlikely to import Sputnik V |url=https://gulfnews.com/world/gulf/kuwait/covid-19-kuwait-unlikely-to-import-sputnik-v-1.78388637 |website=gulfnews.com |access-date=21 April 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Kyrgyzstan&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Libya&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Malawi&lt;ref name=&quot;auto7&quot;/&gt;
# Malaysia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author1=New Straits Times |title=DCA grants conditional approval for Moderna vaccine |url=https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2021/08/715318/dca-grants-conditional-approval-moderna-vaccine |date=8 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Maldives&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author1=Maldives Food and Drug Agency |title=Approval to use of COVID-19 vaccine Moderna dispersion for injection |url=http://health.gov.mv/Uploads/Downloads//Informations/Informations(382).pdf |date=6 June 2021 |accessdate=7 July 2021 |archivedate=6 September 2021 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210906115734/http://health.gov.mv/Uploads/Downloads//Informations/Informations(382).pdf }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Marshall Islands{{efn|name=CFA}}
# Mexico&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Comité de Moléculas Nuevas y Subcomité emiten opinión favorable para vacuna Moderna|url=https://www.gob.mx/cofepris/articulos/comite-de-moleculas-nuevas-y-subcomite-emiten-opinion-favorable-para-vacuna-moderna |website=www.gob.mx/cofepris |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=COFEPRIS emite autorización para uso de emergencia a vacuna Moderna|url=https://www.gob.mx/cofepris/articulos/cofepris-emite-autorizacion-para-uso-de-emergencia-a-vacuna-moderna |website=www.gob.mx/cofepris |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Micronesia{{efn|name=CFA}}
# Moldova&lt;ref name=&quot;msmps.gov.md&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Membrii NITAG au venit cu recomandări privind utilizarea vaccinurilor împotriva COVID-19 în Republica Moldova |url=https://msmps.gov.md/comunicare/comunicate/membrii-nitag-au-venit-cu-recomandari-privind-utilizarea-vaccinurilor-impotriva-covid-19-in-republica-moldova/ |website=Ministerul Sănătății, Muncii și Protecţiei Sociale |language=ro |date=3 March 2021 |accessdate=7 July 2021 |archivedate=19 May 2021 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519224416/https://msmps.gov.md/comunicare/comunicate/membrii-nitag-au-venit-cu-recomandari-privind-utilizarea-vaccinurilor-impotriva-covid-19-in-republica-moldova/ }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Mongolia&lt;ref name=&quot;news.mn&quot; /&gt;
# Nepal&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nepal receives 1,965,600 doses of Moderna vaccine from COVAX|url=https://kathmandupost.com/health/2021/12/12/nepal-receives-1-965-600-doses-of-moderna-vaccine-from-covax|access-date=28 December 2021|website=kathmandupost.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Nigeria&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=15 July 2021|title=NAFDAC approves emergency use of three additional Covid-19 vaccines for Nigeria|url=https://editor.guardian.ng/news/nafdac-approves-emergency-use-of-three-additional-covid-19-vaccines-for-nigeria/|access-date=21 July 2021|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Pakistan&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Palau{{efn|name=CFA}}
# Palestine&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=COVID Data Tracker |url=https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#global-vaccinations |website=U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) |date=28 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Paraguay&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Peru&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=17 September 2021|title=Gobierno suscribió acuerdo con Moderna por 20 millones de dosis contra la COVID-19|url=https://rpp.pe/peru/actualidad/gobierno-suscribio-acuerdo-con-moderna-por-20-millones-de-vacunas-contra-la-covid-19-noticia-1358438?ref=rpp|access-date=4 October 2021|website=[[RPP Noticias]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Philippines&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author1=Galvez, Daphne |title=Moderna COVID-19 vaccine gets emergency use authorization |url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1427462/moderna-covid-19-vaccine-gets-emergency-use-authorization |publisher=Philippine Daily Inquirer |date=5 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Qatar&lt;ref name=&quot;Aljazeera&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Qatar approves emergency use of Moderna's COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/2/10/qatar-approves-emergency-use-for-modernas-covid-19-vaccine|website=Al Jazeera|access-date=31 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Rwanda&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot; /&gt;
# Saudi Arabia&lt;ref name=&quot;gulfnews.com&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=AstraZeneca and Moderna vaccines to be administered in Saudi Arabia|url=https://gulfnews.com/world/gulf/saudi/astrazeneca-and-moderna-vaccines-to-be-administered-in-saudi-arabia-1.76573439|access-date=19 January 2021|website=Gulf News}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Serbia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Moderna arrived to Serbia|url=https://europa.rs/moderna-arrived-to-serbia/?lang=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Singapore&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=3 February 2021|title=Singapore becomes first in Asia to approve Moderna's COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-singapore/singapore-becomes-first-in-asia-to-approve-modernas-covid-19-vaccine-idUSKBN2A30ZM|access-date=3 February 2021|publisher=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# South Korea&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last1=Kim |first1=Han-joo |date=21 May 2021|title=Moderna COVID-19 vaccine gets final nod in S. Korea |url=https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20210521005500320|access-date=21 May 2021|work=Yonhap News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Sri Lanka&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Taiwan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=5 May 2021|title=莫德納疫苗獲緊急授權 自費AZ疫苗供應不間斷|url=https://www.cna.com.tw/news/firstnews/202105050200.aspx|website=Central News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Tajikistan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=26 July 2021|title=1.5 million doses of Moderna Vaccines arrive in Tajikistan|url=https://www.unicef.org/tajikistan/press-releases/15-million-doses-moderna-vaccines-arrive-tajikistan|access-date=4 August 2021|website=[[UNICEF]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Thailand&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | title = Thai FDA approves Moderna vaccine | date = 13 May 2021 | url = https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/2115195/thai-fda-approves-moderna-vaccine | work = Bangkok Post }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Tunisia&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Uganda&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Ukraine&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=19 July 2021|title=U.S. Donates 2 Million Coronavirus Vaccine Doses To Ukraine|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/us-vaccine-ukraine-covid/31365604.html|access-date=4 August 2021|website=[[RadioFreeEurope]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# United Arab Emirates&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | title = Coronavirus latest: Moderna vaccine approved for emergency use by UAE | date = 4 July 2021 | url = https://www.thenationalnews.com/coronavirus/2021/07/03/coronavirus-latest-updates-uae-cases-vaccine-covid-test/ | work = The National }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Uzbekistan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=30 July 2021|title=U.S. Government Provides 3 Million of the Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine to Uzbekistan|url=https://uz.usembassy.gov/u-s-government-provides-3-million-doses-of-the-moderna-covid-19-vaccine-to-uzbekistan/|access-date=4 August 2021|website=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Vietnam&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=29 June 2021|title=Bộ Y tế phê duyệt có điều kiện vaccine COVID-19 Moderna|work=[[Vietnam Television]]|url=https://vtv.vn/suc-khoe/bo-y-te-phe-duyet-co-dieu-kien-vaccine-covid-19-moderna-20210629110122178.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=29 June 2021|title=Bộ Y tế phê duyệt có điều kiện vaccine COVID-19 Moderna|work=Vietnam Government Portal|url=http://baochinhphu.vn/Hoat-dong-Bo-nganh/Bo-Y-te-phe-duyet-co-dieu-kien-vaccine-COVID19-Moderna/436244.vgp}}&lt;/ref&gt;
'''{{nowrap|[[European Medicines Agency|EMA]] countries}}'''&lt;ref name=&quot;COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna EPAR&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Spikevax (previously COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna) EPAR|url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/covid-19-vaccine-moderna|website=[[European Medicines Agency]] (EMA)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EU Marketing authorisation&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title=Spikevax | website=Union Register of medicinal products | url=https://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/h1507.htm | access-date=26 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Austria
# Belgium
# Bulgaria
# Croatia
# Cyprus
# Czech Republic
# Denmark
# Estonia
# Finland
# France
# Germany
# Greece
# Hungary
# Iceland
# Ireland
# Italy
# Latvia
# Liechtenstein
# Lithuania
# Luxembourg
# Malta
# Netherlands
# Norway
# Poland
# Portugal
# Romania
# Slovakia
# Slovenia
# Spain
# Sweden
'''{{nowrap|[[Caribbean Public Health Agency|CARPHA]] countries}}'''&lt;ref name=&quot;carpha-pfizer&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;COVID-19 Vaccine Information&quot;/&gt;
# Antigua and Barbuda
# Bahamas
# Barbados
# Belize
# Dominica
# Grenada
# Guyana
# Haiti
# Jamaica
# Saint Kitts and Nevis
# Saint Lucia
# Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
# Suriname
# Trinidad and Tobago
&lt;!-- not counted --&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
'''Non-country entities'''
* American Samoa&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Anguilla{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Aruba{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Bermuda{{efn|name=carphance}}
* British Virgin Islands{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Caribbean Netherlands{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Cayman Islands{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Curaçao{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Faroe Islands&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
* Greenland&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
* Guadeloupe&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Guam&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Guernsey&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
* Isle of Man&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Jersey&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
* Montserrat{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Northern Mariana Islands&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Puerto Rico&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* Sint Maarten{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Turks and Caicos Islands{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Wallis and Futuna&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
* ''[[World Health Organization]]''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=WHO lists anti-COVID Moderna vaccine for emergency use |url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1425841/who-lists-anti-covid-moderna-vaccine-for-emergency-use |work=Agence France-Presse |publisher=Philippine Daily Inquirer |date=1 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title=WHO Recommendation COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine (nucleoside modified) | website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO) | date=30 April 2021 | url=https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/vaccines/covid-19-mrna-vaccine-nucleoside-modified | access-date=8 May 2021 | accessdate=7 July 2021 | archivedate=7 May 2021 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507220946/https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/vaccines/covid-19-mrna-vaccine-nucleoside-modified }}&lt;/ref&gt;
;Travel-only
* Hong Kong&lt;ref name=&quot;HK&quot;/&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;/&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

== Sinopharm BIBP ==
&lt;section begin=&quot;bibpauthmap&quot;/&gt;
{{infobox|image={{Graph:Map|scale=65|defaultValue=gainsboro
|AD=limegreen|AE=blueviolet|AF=dodgerblue|AG=dodgerblue|AL=limegreen|AM=dodgerblue|AO=dodgerblue|AR=dodgerblue|AT=turquoise|AU=turquoise|AZ=limegreen
|BA=dodgerblue|BB=dodgerblue|BD=dodgerblue|BF=dodgerblue|BG=turquoise|BH=blueviolet|BI=dodgerblue|BJ=limegreen|BN=dodgerblue|BO=dodgerblue|BR=dodgerblue|BS=limegreen|BT=dodgerblue|BW=limegreen|BY=dodgerblue|BZ=dodgerblue
|CA=turquoise|CD=limegreen|CF=limegreen|CG=dodgerblue|CH=turquoise|CI=dodgerblue|CL=limegreen|CM=dodgerblue|CN=blueviolet|CO=limegreen|CR=limegreen|CU=dodgerblue|CV=dodgerblue|CY=turquoise
|DJ=dodgerblue|DM=dodgerblue|DO=dodgerblue|DZ=dodgerblue
|EC=limegreen|EE=turquoise|EG=dodgerblue|ES=turquoise|ET=dodgerblue
|FI=turquoise|FJ=limegreen|FM=limegreen
|GA=dodgerblue|GB=turquoise|GD=limegreen|GE=dodgerblue|GH=limegreen|GM=dodgerblue|GN=dodgerblue|GQ=dodgerblue|GR=turquoise|GT=limegreen|GW=dodgerblue|GY=dodgerblue
|HN=limegreen|HR=turquoise|HT=limegreen|HU=dodgerblue
|ID=dodgerblue|IE=turquoise|IN=limegreen|IQ=dodgerblue|IR=dodgerblue|IS=turquoise
|JM=dodgerblue|JO=dodgerblue
|KE=dodgerblue|KG=dodgerblue|KH=dodgerblue|KI=dodgerblue|KM=dodgerblue|KN=limegreen|KP=dodgerblue|KR=limegreen|KZ=dodgerblue
|LA=dodgerblue|LB=dodgerblue|LC=limegreen|LI=turquoise|LK=dodgerblue|LR=limegreen|LS=dodgerblue|LV=turquoise|LY=dodgerblue
|MA=dodgerblue|MC=limegreen|MD=dodgerblue|ME=dodgerblue|MG=dodgerblue|MH=limegreen|MK=dodgerblue|ML=limegreen|MM=dodgerblue|MN=dodgerblue|MO=blueviolet|MR=dodgerblue|MU=dodgerblue|MV=dodgerblue|MW=dodgerblue|MX=dodgerblue|MY=dodgerblue|MZ=dodgerblue
|NA=dodgerblue|NE=dodgerblue|NG=dodgerblue|NI=dodgerblue|NL=turquoise|NP=dodgerblue|NR=limegreen|NZ=limegreen
|OM=limegreen
|PA=limegreen|PE=dodgerblue|PG=dodgerblue|PH=dodgerblue|PK=dodgerblue|PS=dodgerblue|PY=dodgerblue
|QA=turquoise
|RS=dodgerblue|RW=dodgerblue
|SA=turquoise|SB=dodgerblue|SC=blueviolet|SD=dodgerblue|SE=turquoise|SG=dodgerblue|SI=turquoise|SK=turquoise|SL=dodgerblue|SN=dodgerblue|SO=dodgerblue|SR=dodgerblue|SS=dodgerblue|ST=limegreen|SV=dodgerblue|SY=dodgerblue|SZ=limegreen
|TD=dodgerblue|TG=limegreen|TH=dodgerblue|TJ=limegreen|TL=limegreen|TM=dodgerblue|TN=dodgerblue|TO=limegreen|TR=turquoise|TT=dodgerblue|TV=limegreen|TZ=dodgerblue
|UA=limegreen|UG=limegreen|US=turquoise|UY=limegreen|UZ=limegreen
|VC=limegreen|VE=dodgerblue|VN=dodgerblue|VU=dodgerblue
|WS=limegreen
|XK=limegreen
|YE=limegreen
|ZA=limegreen|ZM=dodgerblue|ZW=dodgerblue
}}
|caption=
{{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|turquoise|Allowed for travel}}
{{leftlegend|limegreen|Eligible [[COVAX]] recipient}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;bibpauthmap&quot;/&gt;
The [[Sinopharm BIBP COVID-19 vaccine]] is an [[inactivated vaccine|inactivated virus vaccine]] produced by the [[China National Pharmaceutical Group]] (Sinopharm) and its Beijing Institute of Biological Products.&lt;ref name=&quot;ChiCTR20000347802&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Chen|first1=Wei|last2=Al Kaabi|first2=Nawal|date=18 July 2020|title=A Phase III clinical trial for inactivated novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) vaccine (Vero cells)|url=http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=56651|journal=Chinese Clinical Trial Registry|access-date=15 August 2020|name-list-style=vanc}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084800/http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=56651%2F |date=11 October 2020 }} {{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=56651%2F |accessdate=28 September 2023 |archivedate=11 October 2020 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084800/http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=56651%2F }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|display-authors=6|vauthors=Xia S, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wang H, Yang Y, Gao GF, Tan W, Wu G, Xu M, Lou Z, Huang W, Xu W, Huang B, Wang H, Wang W, Zhang W, Li N, Xie Z, Ding L, You W, Zhao Y, Yang X, Liu Y, Wang Q, Huang L, Yang Y, Xu G, Luo B, Wang W, Liu P, Guo W, Yang X|date=October 2020|title=Safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, BBIBP-CorV: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2 trial|journal=The Lancet. Infectious Diseases|volume=21|issue=1|pages=39–51|doi=10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30831-8|pmc=7561304|pmid=33069281}}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;Sinopharm BIBP_FN&quot;/&gt;4&lt;section end=&quot;Sinopharm BIBP_FN&quot;/&gt;)
# Bahrain&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:cite web||title=Bahrain approves China's Sinopharm coronavirus vaccine |url=https://www.arabianbusiness.com/healthcare/455832-bahrain-approves-chinas-sinopharm-coronavirus-vaccine |website=Arabian Business Industries |date=13 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# China&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:cite news||last1=Kuo |first1=Lily |title=China approves Sinopharm coronavirus vaccine, the country's first for general use |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/coronavirus-vaccine-china-sinopharm/2020/12/30/1cc4be9e-4a62-11eb-97b6-4eb9f72ff46b_story.html |work=The Washington Post| name-list-style=vanc}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Seychelles&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=President Ramkalawan and First Lady receives second dose SinoPharm Vaccine|url=http://www.statehouse.gov.sc/news/5090/president-ramkalawan-and-first-lady-receives-second-dose-sinopharm-vaccine|access-date=5 February 2021|website=statehouse.gov.sc}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# United Arab Emirates&lt;ref name=&quot;nyt-uae-wee-dec-12-2020&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:cite news||last1=Wee |first1=Sui-Lee |title=Chinese Covid-19 Vaccine Gets Key Push, but Doubts Swirl |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/09/business/china-coronavirus-vaccine-united-arab-emirates.html |access-date=12 December 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=9 December 2020| name-list-style=vanc}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Coronavirus: UAE authorises emergency use of vaccine for frontline workers|url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/uae/health/coronavirus-uae-authorises-emergency-use-of-vaccine-for-frontline-workers-1.1077680|access-date=24 November 2020|website=The National|date=14 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{-}}

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;Sinopharm BIBP_EN&quot; /&gt;106&lt;section end=&quot;Sinopharm BIBP_EN&quot; /&gt;)
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 0.3em; column-width: 15em;&quot;&gt;
# Afghanistan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=China 'to provide 400,000 COVID vaccine doses' to Afghanistan|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/3/1/china-to-provide-400000-covid-vaccine-doses-to-afghanistan|access-date=22 March 2021|publisher=Al Jazeera}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Algeria&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=Presse|first=AFP-Agence France|title=Algeria Receives 200,000 Coronavirus Jabs From China|url=https://www.barrons.com/news/algeria-receives-200-000-coronavirus-jabs-from-china-01614270916|access-date=22 March 2021|website=Barrons}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Angola&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=25 March 2021|title=Angola recebeu doação chinesa de 200 mil doses de vacinas Sinopharm|url=https://www.noticiasaominuto.com/mundo/1718180/angola-recebeu-doacao-chinesa-de-200-mil-doses-de-vacinas-sinopharm|access-date=14 April 2021|website=Notícias ao Minuto|language=pt}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Argentina&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:cite news||last1=Biannchi|first1=Walter|date=21 February 2021|title=Argentina approves Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-argentina-vaccine-idUSKBN2AL0P9|access-date=23 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Armenia&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Bangladesh&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:cite news||date=29 April 2021|title=Bangladesh approves emergency use of China's Sinopharm vaccine amid supply squeeze|publisher=[[bdnews24.com]]|url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2021/04/29/bangladesh-approves-emergency-use-of-chinas-sinopharm-vaccine-amid-supply-squeeze|access-date=29 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Belarus&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=15 March 2021|title=Belarus begins COVID-19 vaccinations with Chinese shots|url=https://eng.belta.by/society/view/belarus-begins-covid-19-vaccinations-with-chinese-shots-138222-2021/|access-date=16 March 2021|publisher=Belta}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Bhutan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Bhutan receives 500,000 doses of COVID-19 vaccines through COVAX|url=https://www.unicef.org/rosa/press-releases/bhutan-receives-500000-doses-covid-19-vaccines-through-covax|access-date=15 July 2021|website=www.unicef.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Bolivia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Bolivia begins inoculation with Sinopharm jabs |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/aseanplus/aseanplus-news/2021/02/26/bolivia-begins-inoculation-with-sinopharm-jabs|access-date=28 February 2021|website=The Star|location=Malaysia}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Bosnia and Herzegovina&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.sarajevotimes.com/finalized-contract-for-the-procurement-of-half-a-million-doses-of-sinopharm-vaccine/|title=Finalized Contract for the Procurement of half a Million Doses of Sinopharm Vaccine|date=2 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Brazil&lt;ref name=&quot;Agência Brasil&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:cite news||title=Covid-19: aumenta para sete o número de vacinas autorizadas no Brasil |url=https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/radioagencia-nacional/saude/audio/2021-05/aumenta-para-sete-o-numero-de-vacinas-autorizadas-no-brasil |work=Agência Brasil |date=7 May 2021 |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Brunei&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Vaccine donation from China arrives |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/aseanplus/aseanplus-news/2021/02/12/vaccine-donation-from-china-arrives|access-date=22 March 2021|website=The Star|location=Malaysia}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Burkina Faso&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Burundi&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Cambodia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last1=Rinith|first1=Taing|date=4 February 2021|title=Health Ministry grants Emergency Use Authorization to China's Sinopharm vaccine|url=https://www.khmertimeskh.com/50810677/health-ministry-grants-emergency-use-authorization-to-chinas-sinopharm-vaccine/|access-date=4 February 2021|work=Khmer Times|name-list-style=vanc}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Cameroon&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Cape Verde&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Chad&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=AfricaNews|date=6 June 2021|title=Chadians line up for Sinopharm as COVID-19 vaccination campaign begins|url=https://www.africanews.com/2021/06/06/chadians-line-up-for-sinopharm-as-covid-19-vaccination-campaign-begins/|access-date=6 June 2021|website=Africanews}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Comoros&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Congo-Brazzaville&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Cuba&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=28 August 2021|title=Cuba aplicará vacuna china Sinopharm junto a inoculaciones de desarrollo local|url=https://es.euronews.com/2021/08/28/salud-coronavirus-cuba-china|access-date=29 August 2021|website=euronews|language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Djibouti&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Dominican Republic&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:cite web||title=Ministro de Salud recibe su primera dosis de la vacuna Sinovac; asegura que el biológico es confiable |url=https://www.msp.gob.do/web/?p=11563 |website=Ministerio de Salud Pública |language=es |date=3 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Egypt&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Egypt licenses China's Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use: health minister – Xinhua |url=http://xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/03/c_139637781.htm|publisher=Xinhuanet}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# El Salvador&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Equatorial Guinea&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=StackPath|url=https://dailynewsegypt.com/2021/02/17/equatorial-guinea-president-receives-1st-dose-of-chinese-covid-19-vaccine/|access-date=22 March 2021|website=dailynewsegypt}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Ethiopia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite news||date=29 March 2021|title=Ethiopia to get 300,000 doses of Sinopharm COVID-19 shot, health minister says|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-healthcare-coronavirus-ethiopia-idUSKBN2BL1TE|access-date=14 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Gabon&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=12 March 2021|title=Gabon receives 100,000 doses of Sinopharm's vaccine from China|url=https://gabon24.ga/en/news/gabon-receives-100000-doses-of-sinopharms-vaccine-from-china/5155/|access-date=15 March 2021|publisher=Gabon 24}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Gambia&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Georgia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=4 May 2021|title=Georgia Starts COVID-19 Vaccination with Sinopharm|url=https://civil.ge/archives/417469|access-date=9 May 2021|website=Civil.ge}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Guinea-Bissau&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Guinea&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Hungary&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Hungary signs deal for Chinese Sinopharm's COVID-19 vaccine, first in EU|url=https://nationalpost.com/pmn/health-pmn/hungary-signs-deal-for-chinese-sinopharms-covid-19-vaccine-first-in-eu|website=National Post}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;WashPost Hungary&quot; /&gt;
# Indonesia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Indonesia approves Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use|url=https://english.kontan.co.id/news/indonesia-approves-sinopharm-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use|website=Kontan|date=30 April 2021|access-date=30 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Iran&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=22 February 2021|title=Iran Launches Phase Two of Mass Inoculation Campaign|url=https://financialtribune.com/articles/national/107614/iran-launches-phase-two-of-mass-inoculation-campaign|access-date=23 February 2021|website=Financial Tribune}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Iraq&lt;ref name=&quot;bignewsnetwork.com&quot; /&gt;
# Ivory Coast&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Jordan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=First batch of Chinese Sinopharm vaccine arrives in Jordan|url=https://en.royanews.tv/news/24716/2021-01-10|access-date=9 January 2021|publisher=Roya News}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Kazakhstan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=Satubaldina|first=Assel|date=30 April 2021|title=Three Vaccines to Become Available to Kazakh Citizens|url=https://astanatimes.com/2021/04/three-vaccines-to-become-available-to-kazakh-citizens/|access-date=1 May 2021|website=The Astana Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Kenya&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot; /&gt;
# Kiribati&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Kyrgyzstan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=Kharizov|first=Ruslan|date=19 March 2021|title=150,000 doses of Sinopharm coronavirus vaccine delivered to Kyrgyzstan|url=https://24.kg/english/187138_150000_doses_of_Sinopharm_coronavirus_vaccine_delivered_to_Kyrgyzstan/|access-date=22 March 2021|website=24.kg}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Laos&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot; /&gt;
# Lebanon&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last1=Crean|first1=Rosabel|title=China donates 50,000 doses of Sinopharm vaccine to Lebanon|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Lebanon-News/2021/Mar-01/517953-china-donates-50000-doses-of-sinopharm-vaccine-to-lebanon.ashx|access-date=2 March 2021|work=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Lesotho&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Libya&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=2 August 2021|title=Libya gets 2 million Sinopharm doses with more expected|url=https://www.africanews.com/2021/08/02/libya-gets-2-million-sinopharm-doses-with-more-expected/|access-date=5 August 2021|website=[[Africanews]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Madagascar&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Malawi&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last1=Zimmer|first1=Carl|last2=Corum|first2=Jonathan|last3=Wee|first3=Sui-Lee|date=10 June 2020|title=Coronavirus Vaccine Tracker|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/science/coronavirus-vaccine-tracker.html|access-date=29 August 2021|issn=0362-4331}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Malaysia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite news||last=Latiff|first=Rozanna|date=16 July 2021|title=Malaysia approves China's Sinopharm vaccine for emergency use|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-malaysia-vaccine-idUSL4N2OS18D|access-date=16 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Maldives&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last1=Rasheed|first1=Aishath Hanaan Hussain|title=MFDA approves Pfizer, Sinopharm Covid-19 vaccines for emergency use|url=https://raajje.mv/96801|access-date=16 March 2021|publisher=raajje.mv}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Mauritania&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Mauritania begins COVID-19 vaccination campaign|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/mauritania-begins-covid-19-vaccination-campaign/2189322|access-date=29 March 2021|website=aa.com.tr}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Mauritius&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Mexico&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title= Comité de Moléculas Nuevas emite opiniones favorables por unanimidad sobre remdesivir y vacuna Sinopharm \|url=https://www.gob.mx/cofepris/es/articulos/comite-de-moleculas-nuevas-emite-opiniones-favorables-por-unanimidad-sobre-remdesivir-y-vacuna-sinopharm |website=www.gob.mx/cofepris |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title= Cofepris emite autorización para uso de emergencia a vacuna Sinopharm |url=https://www.gob.mx/cofepris/es/articulos/cofepris-emite-autorizacion-para-uso-de-emergencia-a-vacuna-sinopharm |website=www.gob.mx/cofepris |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Moldova&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=Cristina|date=19 March 2021|title=O mie de studenți și medici-rezidenți din cadrul USMF vor fi imunizați anti-COVID cu vaccinul BBIBP-CorV, produs de către Sinopharm Beijing Institute of Biological Products|url=https://www.zdg.md/stiri/stiri-sociale/o-mie-de-studenti-si-medici-rezidenti-din-cadrul-usmf-vor-fi-imunizati-anti-covid-cu-vaccinul-bbibp-corv-produs-de-catre-sinopharm-beijing-institute-of-biological-products/|access-date=19 March 2021|website=Ziarul de Gardă|language=ro-RO}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Mongolia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Deputy PM and City Governor get the first dose of Sinopharm vaccine|url=https://www.montsame.mn/en/read/256205|access-date=15 March 2021|publisher=Montsame}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Montenegro&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Montenegro receives 30,000 doses of China's COVID-19 vaccine|url=http://seenews.com/news/montenegro-receives-30000-doses-of-chinas-covid-19-vaccine-733151|access-date=22 March 2021|website=seenews}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Morocco&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Covid-19: Morocco authorizes use of the Sinopharm vaccine|url=https://en.yabiladi.com/articles/details/104807/covid-19-morocco-authorizes-sinopharm-vaccine.html|website=yabiladi}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Mozambique&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:cite news||date=6 March 2021|title=Mozambique expects to vaccinate 16 million against coronavirus by 2022|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-mozambique/mozambique-expects-to-vaccinate-16-million-against-coronavirus-by-2022-idUSL5N2L35GH|access-date=7 March 2021|publisher=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Myanmar&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Myanmar to use China-donated Sinopharm Covid vaccine|url=https://elevenmyanmar.com/news/myanmar-to-use-china-donated-sinopharm-covid-vaccine|access-date=20 June 2021|website=Eleven Media Group Co., Ltd}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Namibia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=Namibian|first=The|title=Khomas, Erongo first to get vaccinated|url=https://www.namibian.com.na/index.php?page=read&amp;id=99946|access-date=17 March 2021|website=The Namibian}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Nepal&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last1=Poudel|first1=Arjun|title=China's Shinopharm vaccine gets emergency use authorisation in Nepal|url=https://kathmandupost.com/health/2021/02/17/china-s-shinopharm-vaccine-gets-emergency-use-authorisation-in-nepal|access-date=19 February 2021|work=Kathmandu Post}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Nicaragua&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-59633388 |title=Nicaragua receives China vaccines after cutting ties with Taiwan |date= |publisher=[[BBC News]] |access-date=2022-03-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Niger&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=China donates 400,000 doses of Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine to Niger|url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/china-donates-400-000-doses-of-sinopharm-covid-19-vaccine-to-14461352|access-date=1 April 2021|website=CNA}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Nigeria&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=24 August 2021|title=Nigeria approves Sinopharm COVID vaccine, expects 7.7 mln doses|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/nigeria-approves-sinopharm-covid-vaccine-expects-77-mln-doses-2021-08-24/|access-date=28 August 2021|website=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# North Korea&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite news||last1=Son|first1=Hyemin|last2=Ji|first2=Jeongeun |last3=Lee|first3=Myungchul|title=North Korea Has Been Importing Chinese COVID-19 Vaccines Since Early May |url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/korea/vax-06152021112903.html |work=[[Radio Free Asia]] |date=15 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# North Macedonia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=|first=|title=North Macedonia looks to Chinese vaccine to revive program|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Health/wireStory/north-macedonia-chinese-vaccine-revive-program-77418628|access-date=1 May 2021|website=ABC News}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Pakistan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite news||last1=Shahzad|first1=Asif|date=19 January 2021|title=Pakistan approves Chinese Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-pakistan-sinopharm/pakistan-approves-chinese-sinopharm-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use-idUSKBN29O049|publisher=Reuters|name-list-style=vanc}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Palestine&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=|first=|title=What we know about China's Sinopharm COVID vaccine|url=https://www.thefinancialexpress.com.bd/national/what-we-know-about-chinas-sinopharm-covid-vaccine-1619625832|access-date=1 May 2021|website=The Financial Express}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Papua New Guinea&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=7 May 2021|title=Chinese vaccine to be gazetted|url=https://postcourier.com.pg/chinese-vaccine-to-be-gazetted/|access-date=21 May 2021|website=Post Courier}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Paraguay&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Peru&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite news||date=27 January 2021|title=Peru grants 'exceptional' approval for Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine – government sources|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-peru/peru-grants-exceptional-approval-for-sinopharm-covid-19-vaccine-government-sources-idUSKBN29W2TL}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Philippines&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite news||author1=Aguilar, Krissy|title=PH approves Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use|url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1442960/ph-approves-sinopharm-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use|publisher=Philippine Daily Inquirer|date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Rwanda&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=12 August 2021|title=Rwanda to acquire Sinopharm vaccines next week|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/rwanda-acquire-sinopharm-vaccines-next-week|access-date=28 August 2021|website=The New Times {{!}} Rwanda}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Senegal&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last1=Asala|first1=Kizzi|title=Senegal Kicks Off COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign with China's Sinopharm|url=https://www.africanews.com/2021/02/18/senegal-kicks-off-covid-19-vaccination-campaign-with-china-s-sinopharm/|access-date=23 February 2021|publisher=Africanews}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Serbia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Serbia Becomes First European Nation To Use China's Sinopharm Vaccine|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/serbia-covid-vaccine-china-sinopharm/31053091.html|website=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Sierra Leone&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last1=Thomas|first1=Abdul Rashid|date=15 March 2021|title=Sierra Leone's President Bio leads the way in taking COVID-19 Vaccine|url=https://www.thesierraleonetelegraph.com/sierra-leones-president-bio-leads-the-way-in-taking-covid-19-vaccine/|access-date=16 March 2021|work=Sierra Leone Telegraph}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Singapore&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=11 Singapore private healthcare providers allowed to bring in Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/sinopharm-covid-19-hsa-special-access-route-vaccine-sinovac-15337454|access-date=30 July 2021|website=CNA}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Solomon Islands&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Health Ministry Prepares for Sinopharm Roll Out - Solomon Times Online|url=https://www.solomontimes.com/news/health-ministry-prepares-for-sinopharm-roll-out/10856|access-date=21 May 2021|website=SolomonTimes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Somalia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=|date=15 April 2021|title=Somalia rolls out Sinopharm vaccines to boost fight against COVID-19|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/somalia-rolls-out-sinopharm-vaccines-to-boost-fight-against-covid-19/|access-date=18 April 2021|website=News Ghana}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# South Sudan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=27 August 2021|title=South Sudan to receive 100,000 doses of Sinopharm vaccines from China|url=https://jubaecho.com/2021/08/27/south-sudan-to-receive-100000-doses-of-sinopharm-vaccines-from-china/|access-date=29 August 2021|website=Juba echo|archive-date=29 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829043217/https://jubaecho.com/2021/08/27/south-sudan-to-receive-100000-doses-of-sinopharm-vaccines-from-china/|url-status=dead|accessdate=6 October 2021|archivedate=29 August 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829043217/https://jubaecho.com/2021/08/27/south-sudan-to-receive-100000-doses-of-sinopharm-vaccines-from-china/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Sri Lanka&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=19 March 2021|title=NMRA approves sinopharm vaccine for emergency use|url=https://colombogazette.com/2021/03/19/nmra-approves-sinopharm-vaccine-for-emergency-use/|access-date=29 March 2021|website=Colombo Gazette}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Sudan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=China To Provide Sudan With 250,000 Doses Of Sinopharm Vaccine On Friday – Ambassador|url=https://www.urdupoint.com/en/world/china-to-provide-sudan-with-250000-doses-of-1203394.html|access-date=14 April 2021|website=UrduPoint}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=StackPath|url=https://dailynewsegypt.com/2021/03/28/china-donated-sinopharm-covid-19-vaccines-arrive-in-sudan/|access-date=14 April 2021|website=dailynewsegypt}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Syria&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Tanzania&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Thailand&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:cite news|| title = FDA approves use of Sinopharm vaccine | date = 28 May 2021 | url = https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/2123307/fda-approves-use-of-sinopharm-vaccine | work = [[Bangkok Post]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Tunisia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=China's Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine approved for marketing in Tunisia - Xinhua &amp;#124; English.news.cn|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2021-07/13/c_1310057298.htm|access-date=21 July 2021|website=xinhuanet}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Turkmenistan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=В Туркменистане от COVID бесплатно прививают китайской вакциной, российский &quot;Спутник&quot; можно купить|url=https://rus.azathabar.com/a/31190974.html|access-date=9 May 2021|website=Радио Азатлык|language=ru}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Vanuatu&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=PM to receive Sinopharm jab today|url=https://dailypost.vu/news/pm-to-receive-sinopharm-jab-today/article_353ada2c-cd65-11eb-96db-9308a7cd2ac1.html|access-date=15 June 2021|website=Vanuatu Daily Post}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Venezuela&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:cite news||last1=Sequera|first1=Vivian|date=1 March 2021|title=Venezuela approves use of China's Sinopharm coronavirus vaccine|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-venezuela-vaccine-idUSKCN2AT3T2|access-date=2 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Vietnam&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=4 June 2021|title=Vietnam approves China's Sinopharm vaccine for use against COVID-19|url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/vietnam-approves-chinas-sinopharm-vaccine-use-against-covid-19-media-2021-06-04/|access-date=4 June 2021|website=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Zambia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=Sachiti|first=Roselyne|title=Zambia to get Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccines|url=https://www.herald.co.zw/zambia-to-get-sinopharm-covid-19-vaccines/|access-date=21 May 2021|website=The Herald}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Zimbabwe&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last1=Mutsaka|first1=Farai|date=18 February 2021|title=Zimbabwe starts administering China's Sinopharm vaccines|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/world/africa/2021/02/18/zimbabwe-starts-administering-chinas-sinopharm-vaccines.html|access-date=20 February 2021|work=Toronto Star}}&lt;/ref&gt;
'''{{nowrap|[[Caribbean Public Health Agency|CARPHA]] countries}}'''&lt;ref&gt;https://www.carpha.org/Portals/0/Documents/COVID-19%20Vaccine%20Updates/CARPHA%20COVID-19%20Vaccine%20Update%20045%20November%2022%202021.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Antigua and Barbuda
# Bahamas
# Barbados
# Belize
# Dominica
# Grenada
# Guyana
# Haiti
# Jamaica
# Saint Kitts and Nevis
# Saint Lucia
# Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
# Suriname
# Trinidad and Tobago
&lt;br /&gt;'''[[List of ISO 3166-1 codes|Non-country entities]]'''&lt;!-- not counted --&gt;
* Anguilla{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Aruba{{efn|name=carphance}}
* British Virgin Islands{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Bermuda{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Caribbean Netherlands{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Cayman Islands{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Curaçao{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Macau&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=7 February 2021|title=Macau receives first batch of COVID-19 vaccines|url=https://www.asgam.com/index.php/2021/02/08/macau-receives-first-batch-of-covid-19-vaccines/|access-date=24 February 2021|website=IAG}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Montserrat{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Sint Maarten{{efn|name=carphance}}
* Turks and Caicos Islands{{efn|name=carphance}}
* ''[[World Health Organization]]''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release | title=WHO lists additional COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use and issues interim policy recommendations | publisher=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO) | date=7 May 2021 | url=https://www.who.int/news/item/07-05-2021-who-lists-additional-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use-and-issues-interim-policy-recommendations | access-date=7 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=WHOEUA&gt;{{cite news | last=Taylor | first=Adam | title=WHO grants emergency use authorization for Chinese-made Sinopharm coronavirus vaccine | newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] | date=7 May 2021 | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/05/07/who-sinopharm-emergency-use/ | access-date=7 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

;Travel-only
{{div col|colwidth=18em}}
* Andorra&lt;ref name=&quot;auto24&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://visitandorra.com/en/covid-19-in-andorra/faq-if-you-re-spending-a-few-days-in-andorra/|title=FAQ|website=Andorra Tourism|accessdate=2021-12-25|archivedate=2021-12-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227065841/https://visitandorra.com/en/covid-19-in-andorra/faq-if-you-re-spending-a-few-days-in-andorra/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Australia&lt;ref name=&quot;AU recognized&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=International COVID-19 vaccines recognised by Australia | website=Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) | url=https://www.tga.gov.au/international-covid-19-vaccines-recognised-australia | access-date=26 November 2021 | accessdate=25 December 2021 | archivedate=7 February 2022 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207080016/https://www.tga.gov.au/international-covid-19-vaccines-recognised-australia }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;tga-covaxin-bibp&quot;&gt;{{cite press release |date=1 November 2021 |title=TGA recognises two more COVID-19 vaccines not registered in Australia but used widely internationally |url=https://www.tga.gov.au/media-release/tga-recognises-two-more-covid-19-vaccines-not-registered-australia-used-widely-internationally |publisher=Therapeutic Goods Administration |access-date=11 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Austria&lt;ref name=&quot;auto10&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.austria.info/en/service-and-facts/coronavirus-information/entry-regulations|title=Coronavirus: Entry Regulations to Austria|website=www.austria.info}}&lt;/ref&gt; (only for entry)
* Bulgaria&lt;ref&gt;https://www.mh.government.bg/media/filer_public/2021/08/30/order_01-733_en_final.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211123001345/https://www.mh.government.bg/media/filer_public/2021/08/30/order_01-733_en_final.pdf |date=2021-11-23 }} {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Canada&lt;ref name=&quot;auto31&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://travel.gc.ca/travel-covid/travel-restrictions/covid-vaccinated-travellers-entering-canada|title=COVID-19 vaccinated travellers entering Canada - Travel restrictions in Canada|first=Global Affairs|last=Canada|date=8 April 2021|website=travel.gc.ca}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Chile&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.chile.travel/en/traveltochileplan/|title=Travel to Chile Plan|first=Mi|last=Bajón}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Costa Rica&lt;ref name=&quot;auto41&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.visitcostarica.com/es/costa-rica/planning-your-trip/entry-requirements|title=Requisitos de entrada|date=8 June 2016|website=Visit Costa Rica|accessdate=25 December 2021|archivedate=25 December 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211225175407/https://www.visitcostarica.com/es/costa-rica/planning-your-trip/entry-requirements}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Croatia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto19&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://mup.gov.hr/uzg-covid/english/286212|title=English|website=mup.gov.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cyprus&lt;ref name=&quot;auto15&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://cyprusflightpass.gov.cy/en/vaccinated-passengers |title=Vaccinated Passengers |publisher=Cyprus Flight Pass |date= |access-date=2022-03-04 |accessdate=2021-12-25 |archivedate=2022-03-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220306213314/https://cyprusflightpass.gov.cy/en/vaccinated-passengers }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Czech Republic&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Čeština |url=https://koronavirus.mzcr.cz/en/recognition-of-vaccination-certificates-from-other-countries/ |title=Recognition of vaccination certificates from other countries – Aktuální informace o COVID-19 |publisher=Koronavirus.mzcr.cz |date=2021-04-21 |access-date=2022-03-04}}&lt;/ref&gt; (only for Hungarian citizens and EU nationals vaccinated in Hungary)
* Estonia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto26&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://kkk.kriis.ee/en/faq/covid-19-vaccination/vaccines#q10069311|title=Questions and answers on coronavirus, related decisions and changes: Vaccines|website=kkk.kriis.ee|accessdate=2021-12-25|archivedate=2021-12-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211225084747/https://kkk.kriis.ee/en/faq/covid-19-vaccination/vaccines#q10069311}}&lt;/ref&gt; (only if approved in a person's country of origin)
* Finland&lt;ref name=&quot;auto37&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Vaccine series accepted in Finland - Infectious diseases and vaccinations - THL|url=https://thl.fi/en/web/infectious-diseases-and-vaccinations/what-s-new/coronavirus-covid-19-latest-updates/travel-and-the-coronavirus-pandemic/which-vaccines-are-accepted-at-the-points-of-entry-into-the-country-|access-date=16 November 2021|website=Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Finland|accessdate=25 December 2021|archivedate=16 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116182910/https://thl.fi/en/web/infectious-diseases-and-vaccinations/what-s-new/coronavirus-covid-19-latest-updates/travel-and-the-coronavirus-pandemic/which-vaccines-are-accepted-at-the-points-of-entry-into-the-country-}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Greece&lt;ref name=&quot;auto27&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://news.gtp.gr/2021/08/11/greece-accepting-most-covid-19-vaccines-for-travel/|title=Greece Accepting Most Covid-19 Vaccines for Travel|date=11 August 2021|website=GTP Headlines|accessdate=25 December 2021|archivedate=8 December 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208101400/https://news.gtp.gr/2021/08/11/greece-accepting-most-covid-19-vaccines-for-travel/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Grenada&lt;ref name=&quot;auto8&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://covid19.gov.gd/vaccinated-travellers/ |title=Vaccinated Travellers – Ministry Of Health – Government of Grenada |publisher=Covid19.gov.gd |date=2020-11-06 |access-date=2022-03-04 |accessdate=2021-12-25 |archivedate=2022-03-18 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220318190925/https://covid19.gov.gd/vaccinated-travellers/ }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Hong Kong&lt;ref name=&quot;HK&quot;/&gt;
* Iceland&lt;ref name=&quot;auto18&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.landlaeknir.is/um-embaettid/greinar/grein/item44162/certificate-of-vaccination-against-covid-19-accepted-at-the-border|title=Certificates of vaccination accepted at the border in Iceland for exemption of border measures due to COVID-19|website=www.landlaeknir.is|accessdate=2021-12-25|archivedate=2021-11-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105184914/https://www.landlaeknir.is/um-embaettid/greinar/grein/item44162/certificate-of-vaccination-against-covid-19-accepted-at-the-border}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ireland&lt;ref name=&quot;auto11&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.ie/en/publication/77952-government-advice-on-international-travel/|title=Government advice on international travel|website=www.gov.ie|accessdate=2021-12-25|archivedate=2021-11-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116193913/https://www.gov.ie/en/publication/77952-government-advice-on-international-travel/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Latvia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.spkc.gov.lv/lv/valstu-saslimstibas-raditaji-ar-covid-19-0 |title=Valstu saraksti |language=lv  |publisher=SPKC |date= |access-date=2022-03-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Liechtenstein&lt;ref name=&quot;auto28&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://tourismus.li/en/our-country/about-liechtenstein/current-information-on-covid-19-in-the-principality-of-liechtenstein/|title=Current information on COVID-19 in the Principality of Liechtenstein|website=tourismus.li|accessdate=2021-12-25|archivedate=2021-12-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227065825/https://tourismus.li/en/our-country/about-liechtenstein/current-information-on-covid-19-in-the-principality-of-liechtenstein/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://covid19.govt.nz/international-travel/travel-to-new-zealand/vaccination-requirements-for-travel-to-new-zealand/|title=Vaccination requirements for travel to New Zealand|website=Unite against COVID-19|accessdate=2022-07-06|archivedate=2022-07-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220704215455/https://covid19.govt.nz/international-travel/travel-to-new-zealand/vaccination-requirements-for-travel-to-new-zealand/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Oman&lt;ref name=&quot;auto36&quot;&gt;https://presspage-production-content.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/2571/travelguideen-ar3.pdf?10000 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019030610/https://presspage-production-content.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/2571/travelguideen-ar3.pdf?10000 |date=2021-10-19 }} {{Bare URL inline|date=March 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Panama&lt;ref name=&quot;auto35&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://es.tourismpanama.com/planea-tus-vacaciones/avisos/|title=Protocolos COVID-19|website=tourismpanama}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Portugal&lt;ref name=&quot;visitmadeira1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.visitmadeira.pt/en-gb/useful-info/corona-virus-(covid-19)/information-to-visitors-(covid-19)|title=Information COVID 19|accessdate=2021-12-25|archivedate=2021-12-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227070024/https://www.visitmadeira.pt/en-gb/useful-info/corona-virus-(covid-19)/information-to-visitors-(covid-19)}}&lt;/ref&gt; (only in Madeira)
* Qatar&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite news||author1=Arslan|title=Qatar gives conditional approval for Sinopharm Vaccine|url=https://covid19.moph.gov.qa/EN/travel-and-return-policy/Pages/default.asp|publisher=qaziarslantariq|date=1 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Saudi Arabia (for short visits, [[Hajj]] and [[Umrah]] only)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://covid19.cdc.gov.sa/update-vaccinated-individuals-for-the-purpose-of-coming-to-the-kingdom-december-2021/# |title=Update vaccinated individuals (for the purpose of coming to the kingdom) December 2021 - Public Health Authority |publisher=Covid19.cdc.gov.sa |date= |access-date=2022-03-04 }}{{Dead link|date=January 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Slovakia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto29&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.mic.iom.sk/en/news/637-covid-19-measures.html|title=COVID-19: official measures and important information (updated continually) - IOM Migration information center|website=www.mic.iom.sk|accessdate=2021-12-25|archivedate=2021-12-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211225104008/https://www.mic.iom.sk/en/news/637-covid-19-measures.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Slovenia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto30&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.si/en/topics/coronavirus-disease-covid-19/border-crossing/|title=Border Crossing &amp;#124; GOV.SI|website=Portal GOV.SI}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* South Korea&lt;ref name=&quot;auto42&quot;&gt;https://www.koreanair.com/kr/en/travel-update/covid19/travel-restriction/korea {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210730154938/https://www.koreanair.com/kr/en/travel-update/covid19/travel-restriction/korea |date=2021-07-30 }} {{Bare URL inline|date=March 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Spain&lt;ref name=&quot;auto40&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Certificado Covid Digital De La Ue Y Otros Certificados|url=https://www.mscbs.gob.es/profesionales/saludPublica/sanidadExterior/CHS/Pdf/FAQs_CERTIFICADO_DIGITAL_COVID-19-UE_y_OTROS_CERTIFICADOS_ES_071021_v6.pdf|accessdate=2021-12-25|archivedate=2021-11-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130032702/https://www.mscbs.gob.es/profesionales/saludPublica/sanidadExterior/CHS/Pdf/FAQs_CERTIFICADO_DIGITAL_COVID-19-UE_y_OTROS_CERTIFICADOS_ES_071021_v6.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* St. Kitts and Nevis&lt;ref name=&quot;auto33&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://covid19.gov.kn/travel-protocols/|title=Travel Protocols – GOVERNMENT OF ST. KITTS AND NEVIS}}{{Dead link|date=March 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* St. Lucia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto17&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.stlucia.org/en/covid-19/faqs/|title=NEW-FAQs|website=Saint Lucia Tourism Authority|accessdate=2021-12-25|archivedate=2022-12-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208103421/https://www.stlucia.org/en/covid-19/faqs/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* St. Vincent and the Grenadines&lt;ref name=&quot;auto21&quot;&gt;http://health.gov.vc/health/images/PDF/SVG_Health_Services_Subcommittee_Protocol_for_Fully_Vaccinated_Travelers_to_SVG_10112021.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Sweden&lt;ref name=&quot;auto38&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Certificate requirements for foreign nationals travelling to Sweden - The Public Health Agency of Sweden|url=https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/the-public-health-agency-of-sweden/communicable-disease-control/covid-19/if-you-are-planning-to-travel/negative-covid-19-test-required-for-entry-into-sweden/|access-date=16 November 2021|website=www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se|accessdate=25 December 2021|archivedate=16 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116182910/https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/the-public-health-agency-of-sweden/communicable-disease-control/covid-19/if-you-are-planning-to-travel/negative-covid-19-test-required-for-entry-into-sweden/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Switzerland&lt;ref name=&quot;auto39&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.bag.admin.ch/bag/en/home/krankheiten/ausbrueche-epidemien-pandemien/aktuelle-ausbrueche-epidemien/novel-cov/empfehlungen-fuer-reisende/quarantaene-einreisende.html|title=Coronavirus: Entering Switzerland|first=Federal Office of Public Health|last=FOPH|website=www.bag.admin.ch|accessdate=2021-12-25|archivedate=2020-07-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724080307/https://www.bag.admin.ch/bag/en/home/krankheiten/ausbrueche-epidemien-pandemien/aktuelle-ausbrueche-epidemien/novel-cov/empfehlungen-fuer-reisende/quarantaene-einreisende.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* The Netherlands&lt;ref name=&quot;auto25&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.government.nl/topics/coronavirus-covid-19/visiting-the-netherlands-from-abroad/requirements-for-proof-of-vaccination|title=Travelling to the Netherlands with proof of vaccination - Coronavirus COVID-19 - Government.nl|first=Ministerie van Algemene|last=Zaken|date=12 November 2021|website=www.government.nl}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;auto12&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.visasturkey.com/vaccinations-for-turkey/|title=Vaccinations for Turkey: Do I need an Approved COVID Vaccine?|date=10 April 2019|accessdate=25 December 2021|archivedate=16 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116191928/https://www.visasturkey.com/vaccinations-for-turkey/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ukraine&lt;ref name=&quot;auto22&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://visitukraine.today/|title=Visit Ukraine - Information and Rules|website=Visit Ukraine}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* United Kingdom&lt;ref name=&quot;auto34&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/travel-updatenew-guidance-for-people-vaccinated-under-who-emergency-use-listing-and-under-18s|title=Travel update: new guidance for people vaccinated under WHO Emergency Use Listing and under 18s|website=GOV.UK}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* United States&lt;ref name=&quot;auto16&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/travelers/proof-of-vaccination.html|title=COVID-19 and Your Health|date=11 February 2020|website=U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC)}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Uruguay&lt;ref name=&quot;auto14&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.gub.uy/ministerio-salud-publica/comunicacion/publicaciones/requisitos-para-ingreso-uruguay-personas-nacionales-extranjeras|title=Requisitos para el ingreso a Uruguay de personas nacionales o extranjeras|website=Ministerio de Salud Pública}}&lt;/ref&gt; (only if approved in a person's country of origin)
{{div col end}}
{{-}}

== Sputnik V ==
&lt;section begin=&quot;sputnikauthmap&quot; /&gt;
{{infobox
| image            = {{Graph:Map|scale=65|defaultValue=gainsboro
|AE=dodgerblue|AG=dodgerblue|AM=dodgerblue|AO=dodgerblue|AR=dodgerblue|AU=turquoise|AZ=dodgerblue
|BA=dodgerblue|BD=dodgerblue|BH=dodgerblue|BO=dodgerblue|BR=dodgerblue|BY=dodgerblue
|CG=dodgerblue|CI=dodgerblue|CL=dodgerblue|CM=dodgerblue|CY=turquoise
|DJ=dodgerblue|DZ=dodgerblue
|EE=turquoise|EC=dodgerblue|EG=dodgerblue
|GA=dodgerblue|GH=dodgerblue|GM=dodgerblue|GN=dodgerblue|GR=turquoise|GT=dodgerblue|GY=dodgerblue
|HK=turquoise|HN=dodgerblue|HU=dodgerblue
|ID=dodgerblue|IL=turquoise|IN=dodgerblue|IQ=dodgerblue|IR=dodgerblue
|JO=dodgerblue
|KE=dodgerblue|KG=dodgerblue|KH=dodgerblue|KZ=dodgerblue
|LA=dodgerblue|LB=dodgerblue|LK=dodgerblue|LY=dodgerblue
|MA=dodgerblue|MD=dodgerblue|ME=dodgerblue|MK=dodgerblue|ML=dodgerblue|MM=dodgerblue|MN=dodgerblue|MU=dodgerblue|MV=dodgerblue|MX=dodgerblue|MY=turquoise
|NA=dodgerblue|NG=dodgerblue|NI=dodgerblue|NP=dodgerblue
|OM=dodgerblue|NZ=turquoise
|PA=dodgerblue|PE=dodgerblue|PH=dodgerblue|PK=dodgerblue|PS=dodgerblue|PY=dodgerblue
|RS=dodgerblue|RU=blueviolet|RW=dodgerblue
|SA=turquoise|SC=dodgerblue|SI=turquoise|SK=darkorange|SM=dodgerblue|SY=dodgerblue
|TH=turquoise|TJ=dodgerblue|TM=blueviolet|TN=dodgerblue|TR=dodgerblue
|UZ=blueviolet
|VC=dodgerblue|VE=dodgerblue|VN=dodgerblue
|ZA=red|ZW=dodgerblue
}}
| caption          = {{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|darkorange|Authorization expired}}
{{leftlegend|turquoise|Allowed for travel}}
{{leftlegend|red|Rejected}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;sputnikauthmap&quot; /&gt;
The [[Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine]] is a [[viral vector vaccine]]&lt;ref name=&quot;NCT04436471&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|date=17 June 2020|title=An Open Study of the Safety, Tolerability and Immunogenicity of the Drug &quot;Gam-COVID-Vac&quot; Vaccine Against COVID-19|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04436471|access-date=5 March 2021|website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]]|publisher=[[United States National Library of Medicine]]|id=NCT04436471}}&lt;/ref&gt; produced by the Russian [[Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology]].
;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;Sputnik V_FN&quot; /&gt;3&lt;section end=&quot;Sputnik V_FN&quot; /&gt;)
# Russia&lt;ref name=&quot;burki&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Burki TK|date=November 2020|title=The Russian vaccine for COVID-19|journal=The Lancet. Respiratory Medicine|volume=8|issue=11|pages=e85–e86|doi=10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30402-1|pmc=7837053|pmid=32896274|doi-access=free|title-link=doi}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=4 February 2022|title=Sputnik V vaccine granted full permanent approval in Russia|work=[[PR Newswire]]|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/in/news-releases/sputnik-v-vaccine-granted-full-permanent-approval-in-russia-879907727.html|access-date=8 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Turkmenistan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=18 January 2021|title=Turkmenistan is the first in Central Asia to have registered 'Sputnik V' vaccine|work=Orient|url=https://orient.tm/en/turkmenistan-is-the-first-in-central-asia-to-have-registered-sputnik-v-vaccine/|accessdate=7 July 2021|archivedate=27 January 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127203020/https://orient.tm/en/turkmenistan-is-the-first-in-central-asia-to-have-registered-sputnik-v-vaccine/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=22 January 2021|title=Session of the Cabinet of Ministers of Turkmenistan |work=Turkmenistan today |url=https://tdh.gov.tm/en/post/25815/objectives-of-increasing-national-health-system%E2%80%99s-potential-discussed}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Uzbekistan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=17 February 2021|title=Uzbekistan Certifies Russia's Sputnik Vaccine For Mass Use|publisher=Agence France-Presse (Barron's)|url=https://www.barrons.com/news/uzbekistan-certifies-russia-s-sputnik-vaccine-for-mass-use-01613559912}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{-}}
;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;Sputnik V_EN&quot; /&gt;76&lt;section end=&quot;Sputnik V_EN&quot; /&gt;)
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 0.3em; column-width: 15em;&quot;&gt;
# Albania&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
# Algeria&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=10 January 2021|title=Covid19: National Pharmaceuticals Agency registers Sputnik V vaccine|work=Algeria Press service|url=https://www.aps.dz/en/health-science-technology/37478-covid19-national-pharmaceuticals-agency-registers-sputnik-v-vaccine}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Angola&lt;ref name=&quot;Reuters idUSR4N2K301A&quot; /&gt;
# Antigua and Barbuda&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release|title=Antigua and Barbuda authorizes Sputnik V|url=https://sputnikvaccine.com/newsroom/pressreleases/antigua-and-barbuda-authorizes-sputnik-v/|website=sputnikvaccine.com|date=26 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Argentina&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release|title=Argentina has registered the Sputnik V vaccine based on Russian clinical trial data|url=https://sputnikvaccine.com/newsroom/pressreleases/argentina-has-registered-the-sputnik-v-vaccine-based-on-russian-clinical-trial-data-/|access-date=1 January 2021|publisher=Gamaleya Center}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Armenia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=1 February 2021|title=Armenia approves Russia's Sputnik V coronavirus vaccine -Russia's RDIF|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-russia-vaccine-armeni/armenia-approves-russias-sputnik-v-coronavirus-vaccine-russias-rdif-idUSR4N2J304T|access-date=1 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Azerbaijan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=12 March 2021|title=Azerbaijan approves Russia's Sputnik V vaccine for use against COVID-19 -Azeri health ministry|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-russia-azerbaijan/azerbaijan-approves-russias-sputnik-v-vaccine-for-use-against-covid-19-azeri-health-ministry-idUSR4N2IW02L}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Russian Direct Investment Fund|url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/6524/|access-date=1 April 2021|website=rdif.ru}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Bahrain&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=10 February 2021|title=Bahrain authorises Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use – Bahrain TV|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-bahrain-vaccine-int-idUSKBN2AA1GW|access-date=19 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Bangladesh&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=27 April 2021|title=Bangladesh approves Russia's Sputnik V Covid-19 vaccine for emergency use|publisher=[[Dhaka Tribune]]|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2021/04/27/bangladesh-approves-russia-s-sputnik-v-vaccine-for-emergency-use|access-date=27 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Belarus&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=21 December 2020|title=Belarus registers Sputnik V vaccine, in first outside Russia – RDIF|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-vaccine-belarus/belarus-registers-sputnik-v-vaccine-in-first-outside-russia-rdif-idINKBN28V0ZG|access-date=22 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Bolivia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Ministerio de Salud de Bolivia – Bolivia y Rusia firman contrato para adquirir 5,2 millones de dosis de la vacuna Sputnik-V contra la COVID-19|work=minsalud.gob.bo|url=https://www.minsalud.gob.bo/5114-bolivia-y-rusia-firman-contrato-para-adquirir-5-2-millones-de-dosis-de-la-vacuna-sputnik-v-contra-el-covid-19|access-date=1 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Bosnia and Herzegovina&lt;ref name=&quot;Tass 20210205&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=5 February 2021|title=Sputnik V vaccine registered in Bosnia and Herzegovina's Republika Srpska|url=https://tass.com/world/1253307|access-date=8 February 2021|agency=TASS}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Brazil&lt;ref name=&quot;g1.globo.com&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Anvisa aprova, com restrições, a importação excepcional de doses da Covaxin e Sputnik V |trans-title=Anvisa approves import of doses of Covaxin and Sputnik V, with restrictions |url=https://g1.globo.com/bemestar/vacina/noticia/2021/06/04/anvisa-covaxin-sputnik-v.ghtml |access-date=4 June 2021 |work=G1 |agency=Globo |date=4 June 2021 |language=Portuguese}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''(restricted)''
# Cambodia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto20&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Russian Direct Investment Fund|url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/7138/|access-date=5 November 2021|website=rdif.ru|archive-date=5 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105013012/https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/7138/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Cameroon&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=19 March 2021|title=Cameroon approves Russia's Sputnik V coronavirus vaccine for use – RDIF|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-vaccine-russia-camero-idUSR4N2HG02H}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Chile&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile|url=https://www.ispch.cl/noticia/isp-aprueba-uso-de-emergencia-e-importacion-de-la-vacuna-sputnik-v/|access-date=21 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Congo-Brazzaville&lt;ref name=&quot;Reuters idUSR4N2K301A&quot; /&gt;
# Djibouti&lt;ref name=&quot;Reuters idUSR4N2K301A&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Angola, Congo Republic and Djibouti approve Russia's Sputnik V vaccine |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-russia-vaccine-angola-idUSR4N2K301A |publisher=Reuters |date=3 March 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Ecuador&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Arcsa autoriza el ingreso al Ecuador de vacuna Sputnik V|work=www.controlsanitario.gob.ec|url=https://www.controlsanitario.gob.ec/arcsa-autoriza-el-ingreso-al-ecuador-de-vacuna-sputnik-v/|date=14 May 2021|access-date=15 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Egypt&lt;ref name=&quot;Gulf News&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=COVID-19: Egypt authorises Sputnik V, AstraZeneca virus jabs|work=Gulf News|url=https://gulfnews.com/world/mena/covid-19-egypt-authorises-sputnik-v-astrazeneca-virus-jabs-1.1614189861208|access-date=24 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Gabon&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release|title=Sputnik V authorised in Gabon|url=https://sputnikvaccine.com/newsroom/pressreleases/sputnik-v-authorized-in-gabon/|access-date=17 February 2021|publisher=Gamaleya Center}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Gambia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Farmacovigilancia de vacunas para COVID-19 - Gamaleya Sputnik V; Sputnik Light|url=https://covid-19pharmacovigilance.paho.org/|access-date=9 October 2021|website=Farmacovigilancia de vacunas para COVID-19|accessdate=6 October 2021|archivedate=6 October 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006044523/https://covid-19pharmacovigilance.paho.org/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Ghana&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=20 February 2021|title=Ghana approves Russia's Sputnik V vaccine for emergency use – RDIF|agency=[[Reuters]]|url=https://news.trust.org/item/20210220072758-kzlw8/|accessdate=7 July 2021|archivedate=19 March 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210319084048/https://news.trust.org/item/20210220072758-kzlw8/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Guatemala&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Guatemala authorizes Sputnik V|url=https://www.pharmiweb.com/press-release/2021-02-26/guatemala-authorizes-sputnik-v|access-date=1 April 2021|website=PharmiWeb}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Guinea&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=31 December 2020|title=Guinea Begins Administering Russia's Sputnik V Covid-19 Vaccine|work=Africa news|url=https://www.africanews.com/2020/12/31/guinea-begins-administering-russia-s-sputnik-v-covid-19-vaccine/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Guyana&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=3 March 2021|title=Russia's Sputnik V vaccine expands its reach in Latin America|publisher=CNN|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2021/03/03/americas/sputnik-latin-america-spreads-intl-latam/index.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Honduras&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=25 February 2021|title=Honduras approves use of Sputnik V vaccine against COVID-19|publisher=Xinhuanet|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-02/25/c_139764745.htm|accessdate=7 July 2021|archivedate=10 March 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310013921/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-02/25/c_139764745.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Hungary&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Hungarian drug regulator approves Sputnik V vaccine: website |url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2021/02/07/hungary-approves-russias-sputnik-v-vaccine-a72853 |work=The Moscow Times |date=7 February 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Tass 20210205&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;WashPost Hungary&quot;&gt;{{cite news | last=Spike | first=Justin | title=Hungary approves 2 more vaccines from outside EU amid spike |agency=Associated Press |website=ABC News | date=22 March 2021 | url=https://abcnews.go.com/Health/wireStory/hungary-approves-vaccines-eu-amid-spike-76604743 | access-date=14 July 2021 |name-list-style=vanc}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# India&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=India approves Russia's 'Sputnik V' COVID-19 vaccine: Economic Times |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-india-vaccine/india-approves-russias-sputnik-v-covid-19-vaccine-economic-times-idUSKBN2BZ11Y |publisher=Reuters |date=12 April 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Indonesia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=|first=|date=25 August 2021|title=BPOM Terbitkan Izin Darurat Vaksin Rusia Sputnik-V|url=https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20210825111626-20-685041/bpom-terbitkan-izin-darurat-vaksin-rusia-sputnik-v|access-date=25 August 2021|website=CNN Indonesia|language=id-ID}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Iran&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=26 January 2021|title=Iran approves Russian coronavirus vaccine Sputnik V|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-russia-iran/iran-approves-russian-coronavirus-vaccine-sputnik-v-for-use-idUSKBN29V1A8}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Iraq&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release|title=Sputnik V authorized in Iraq|url=https://www.pharmiweb.com/press-release/2021-03-05/sputnik-v-authorized-in-iraq|publisher=PharmiWeb.com|date=4 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Ivory Coast&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot; /&gt;
# Jordan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release|title=Jordan approves Russia's Sputnik V vaccine for use against COVID-19|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-russia-jordan-vaccine/jordan-approves-russias-sputnik-v-vaccine-for-use-against-covid-19-idUSL1N2L8241|publisher=Reuters|date=10 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Kazakhstan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=1 February 2021|title=Kazakhstan begins mass vaccination by Russian Sputnik V|url=https://www.neweurope.eu/article/kazakhstan-has-began-mass-vaccination-by-russian-sputnik-v/|access-date=19 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Kenya&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=10 March 2021|title=Morocco, Kenya approve Russian coronavirus vaccine for use – RDIF|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-vaccine-russia-ken-idUSKBN2B2130|access-date=12 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Kyrgyzstan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release|title=Sputnik V registered in Kyrgyzstan|url=https://sputnikvaccine.com/newsroom/pressreleases/sputnik-v-registered-in-kyrgyzstan/|website=Gamaleya Center|date=23 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Laos&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Laos declares Covid-19 vaccinations safe, more to be inoculated next week |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/aseanplus/aseanplus-news/2021/01/06/laos-declares-covid-19-vaccinations-safe-more-to-be-inoculated-next-week|access-date=19 February 2021|website=The Star|location=Malaysia}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Lebanon&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=5 February 2021|title=Lebanon authorises emergency use of Russia's Sputnik V vaccine|agency=[[Reuters]]|url=https://news.trust.org/item/20210205151526-w0bv2/|accessdate=7 July 2021|archivedate=19 March 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210319084134/https://news.trust.org/item/20210205151526-w0bv2/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Libya&lt;ref name=&quot;auto4&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto5&quot; /&gt;
# Maldives&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Maldives approves Russia's Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-vaccine-russia-maldiv/maldives-approves-russias-sputnik-v-covid-19-vaccine-idUSR4N2MN00D|website=reuters.com|date=13 May 2021|access-date=13 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Mali&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=30 March 2021|title=Mali approves Russia's Sputnik V vaccine – Russian sovereign wealth fund|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-russia-mali-vaccin/mali-approves-russias-sputnik-v-vaccine-russian-sovereign-wealth-fund-idUSKBN2BM0Y5}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Mauritius&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=22 March 2021|title=Mauritius approves Russia's Sputnik V coronavirus vaccine – Russian RDIF fund|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-vaccine-russia-maurit/mauritius-approves-russias-sputnik-v-coronavirus-vaccine-russian-rdif-fund-idUSR4N2KP01G}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Mexico&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=3 February 2021|title=Mexico, Germany warm to Russia's Sputnik V virus vaccine|work=The Jakarta Post|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2021/02/03/mexico-germany-warm-to-russias-sputnik-v-virus-vaccine-.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Moldova&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;
# Mongolia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=9 February 2021|title=Mongolia Approves Russia's Sputnik V Coronavirus Vaccine – RDIF|publisher=Urdu Point|url=https://www.urdupoint.com/en/world/mongolia-approves-russias-sputnik-v-coronavi-1163730.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Montenegro&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=12 February 2021|title=Montenegro and St. Vincent approve Russia's Sputnik V vaccine – RDIF|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-russia-vaccine-mon/montenegro-and-st-vincent-approve-russias-sputnik-v-vaccine-rdif-idUSKBN2AC0QZ}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Morocco&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=11 March 2021|title=Morocco orders one million doses of Russia's Sputnik V vaccine|publisher=Yabiladi|url=https://en.yabiladi.com/articles/details/107075/morocco-orders-million-doses-russia-s.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Myanmar&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Myanmar registers Russia's Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://tass.com/world/1253415|access-date=19 February 2021|publisher=Tass}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Namibia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Russian Direct Investment Fund|url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/6520/|access-date=1 April 2021|website=rdif.ru}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Nepal&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Reuters Staff|date=20 April 2021|title=Nepal approves Russia's Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine|work=[[Reuters]]|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-nepal-idINL4N2MD3KU|access-date=23 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Nicaragua&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=3 February 2021|title=Nicaragua approves Russian COVID-19 vaccine|work=Associated Press|url=https://apnews.com/article/nicaragua-europe-russia-health-coronavirus-pandemic-82f9744bcf62d1689683c56455ecf15a |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Nigeria&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Sputnik V vaccine approved in Nigeria |url=https://rdif.ru/fullNews/6937/ |access-date=18 July 2021 |work=Russian Direct Investment Fund |date=15 July 2021 |archive-date=18 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210718122835/https://rdif.ru/fullNews/6937/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# North Macedonia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=7 March 2021|title=NRussia's Sputnik V COVID 19 vaccine registered in North Macedonia|url=https://tass.com/coronavirus-outbreak-in-china/1263509|publisher=[[TASS]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Oman&lt;ref name=&quot;oman-coronavac-sputnik&quot;/&gt;
# Pakistan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=24 January 2021|title=Govt okays Russian vaccine for 'emergency use'|work=Dawn|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1603273}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Palestine&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=11 January 2021|title=Palestine has become the first country in the Middle East to register Sputnik V vaccine|work=RFID|url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/6279/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Panama&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Panama approves use of Russian vaccine |url=https://www.newsroompanama.com/news/panama-approves-use-of-russian-vaccine |access-date=2 April 2021 |work=Newsroom Panama |date=1 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Paraguay&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=15 January 2021|title=Paraguay approves Russia's Sputnik V vaccine: RDIF|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-russia-vaccine-paragu/paraguay-approves-russias-sputnik-v-vaccine-rdif-idUSR4N2J303Y|access-date=15 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Peru&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=20 July 2021|title=Perú anuncia acuerdo para compra de 20 millones de dosis de la vacuna Sputnik V|url=https://elperuano.pe/noticia/125005-gobierno-firma-contrato-para-compra-de-20-millones-de-dosis-de-la-vacuna-sputnik-v|access-date=5 August 2021|website=[[El Peruano]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Philippines&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/3/19/Russia-Gamaleya-emergency-use-PH.html |title=Russia's Sputnik V approved for emergency use in PH |date=19 March 2021 |website=[[CNN Philippines]] |access-date=19 March 2021 |accessdate=7 July 2021 |archivedate=19 March 2021 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210319023615/https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/3/19/Russia-Gamaleya-emergency-use-PH.html }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Rwanda&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Saint Vincent and the Grenadines&lt;ref name=&quot;auto2&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=11 February 2021|title=Public Health (Emergency Authorisation of COVID-19 Vaccine) Rules, 2021|url=https://www.gov.vc/images/pdf_documents/SRO-Public_Health_Emergency_Authorisation_of_Covid-19_Vaccine.pdf|access-date=12 February 2021|website=Government of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# San Marino&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=20 February 2021|title=San Marino buys the Sputnik vaccine: &quot;First doses already in the next few days&quot;|work=Unioneonline|url=https://www.unionesarda.it/en/articolo/news/mondo/2021/02/19/san-marino-acquista-il-vaccino-sputnik-prime-dosi-gia-nei-prossim-137-1117575.html|accessdate=7 July 2021|archivedate=19 March 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210319083816/https://www.unionesarda.it/en/articolo/news/mondo/2021/02/19/san-marino-acquista-il-vaccino-sputnik-prime-dosi-gia-nei-prossim-137-1117575.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=12 April 2021|title=San Marino reopens thanks to Sputnik covid vaccine from Russia |work=Wanted in Rome|url=https://www.wantedinrome.com/news/san-marino-reopens-thanks-to-sputnik-covid-vaccine-from-russia.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Serbia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=31 December 2020|title=Agencija odobrila uvoz ruske vakcine Sputnjik V u Srbiju|language=sr-RS|work=N1|url=https://rs.n1info.com/vesti/agencija-odobrila-uvoz-ruske-vakcine-sputnjik-v-u-srbiju/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Seychelles&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=19 March 2021|title=Sputnik V vaccine approved in Seychelles|agency=[[TASS]]|url=https://tass.com/world/1268131}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Sri Lanka&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=4 March 2021|title=Sri Lanka approves Russia's Sputnik V vaccine|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/sri-lanka-approves-russias-sputnik-v-vaccine/article33987742.ece}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Syria&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=22 February 2021|title=Syria authorizes use of Sputnik-V|publisher=Roya|url=https://en.royanews.tv/news/25728/2021-02-22|accessdate=2021-07-07|archivedate=2021-03-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303142243/https://en.royanews.tv/news/25728/2021-02-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Tajikistan&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
#Tanzania&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Mohammed|first=Omar|date=2021-06-17|title=Tanzania poised to join COVAX vaccine-sharing facility - WHO|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/tanzania-submit-request-join-covax-vaccine-sharing-facility-2021-06-17/|access-date=2022-01-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Tunisia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release|title=Sputnik V vaccine authorized in Tunisia|url=https://sputnikvaccine.com/newsroom/pressreleases/sputnik-v-vaccine-authorized-in-tunisia/|access-date=30 January 2021|publisher=Gamaleya Center}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Turkey (limited use)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Merve Aydogan|date=30 April 2021|title=Turkey OKs emergency use of Sputnik-V vaccine|work=[[Anadolu Agency]]|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/latest-on-coronavirus-outbreak/turkey-oks-emergency-use-of-sputnik-v-vaccine/2225824}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Erdogan unimpressed by Putin's COVID-19 antibodies, Sputnik V vaccine booster offer|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/coronavirus/2021/09/29/Erdogan-unimpressed-by-Putin-s-COVID-19-antibodies-Sputnik-V-vaccine-booster-offer|date=29 September 2021|access-date=11 January 2022|publisher=[[Al Arabiya English]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# United Arab Emirates&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=21 January 2021|title=UAE approves Russia's Sputnik vaccine for emergency use|work=Khaleej Times|url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/coronavirus-pandemic/uae-approves-russias-sputnik-vaccine-for-emergency-use|access-date=21 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Venezuela&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=29 December 2020|title=Venezuela firma contrato para la adquisición de la vacuna rusa Sputnik V|language=es|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/salud-coronavirus-venezuela-rusia-idLTAKBN2931X2}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Vietnam&lt;ref name=&quot;vnexpress.net&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Vietnam approves Russia Covid-19 vaccine for emergency use|publisher=[[VnExpress]]|url=https://vnexpress.net/news/news/vietnam-approves-russia-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use-4240528.html|access-date=2 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Zimbabwe&lt;ref name=&quot;news24.com-zimbabwe-ssv&quot;&gt;{{cite news|date=9 March 2021|title=Covid-19: Zimbabwe authorises Sputnik V, Sinovac vaccines for emergency use|publisher=news24.com|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/africa/news/covid-19-zimbabwe-authorises-sputnik-v-sinovac-vaccines-for-emergency-use-20210309}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;'''[[List of ISO 3166-1 codes|Non-country entities]]'''
* Abkhazia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||url=https://civil.ge/archives/417592|title = Russia's COVID Vaccine Delivered to Tskhinvali Region, Abkhazia|date = 4 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* South Ossetia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||url=https://tass.com/world/1285695|title=First batch of Sputnik V vaccine delivered to South Ossetia}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 0.3em; column-width: 15em;&quot;&gt;
;Expired
* Slovakia&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=1 March 2021|title=Povolenie na terapeutické použitie neregistrovaného lieku|url=https://www.health.gov.sk/Zdroje?/Sources/kategorizacia/doku_kl/ziad_lieky/sputnik.pdf|access-date=8 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=14 April 2021|title=Zmätky s vakcínami pokračujú. Aký Sputnik máme v skladoch?|url=https://spravy.pravda.sk/domace/clanok/584380-zmatky-s-vakcinami-pokracuju-aky-sputnik-mame-v-skladoch/|access-date=8 July 2021|website=Pravda.sk|language=sk-SK}}&lt;/ref&gt;
;Rejected
* South Africa&lt;ref name=&quot;SAHPRA Oct 21&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Update on the SAHPRA review of the Sputnik V vaccine |date=18 October 2021 |publisher=South African Health Products Regulatory Agency |url=https://www.sahpra.org.za/news-and-updates/update-on-the-sahpra-review-of-the-sputnik-v-vaccine/ |access-date=20 April 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=AfricaNews|date=20 October 2021|title=South Africa rejects Russian-made coronavirus vaccine Sputnik V|url=https://www.africanews.com/2021/10/20/south-africa-rejects-russian-made-coronavirus-vaccine-sputnik-v/|access-date=22 October 2021|website=Africanews|accessdate=25 December 2021|archivedate=10 December 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211210175107/https://www.africanews.com/2021/10/20/south-africa-rejects-russian-made-coronavirus-vaccine-sputnik-v/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
;Travel-only
* Australia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Vaccines we recognise for the purpose of travel to Australia|url=https://www.tga.gov.au/international-covid-19-vaccines-recognised-australia|access-date=17 January 2022|website=Therapeutic Goods Administration|accessdate=25 December 2021|archivedate=7 February 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207080016/https://www.tga.gov.au/international-covid-19-vaccines-recognised-australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cyprus&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Vaccinated/Recovered Passengers|url=https://cyprusflightpass.gov.cy/en/vaccinated-passengers|accessdate=2021-12-25|archivedate=2022-03-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220306213314/https://cyprusflightpass.gov.cy/en/vaccinated-passengers}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Estonia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Questions and answers on coronavirus, related decisions and changes: Vaccines|url=https://kkk.kriis.ee/en/faq/covid-19-vaccination/vaccines#q10069311|access-date=24 November 2021|website=kkk.kriis.ee|accessdate=25 December 2021|archivedate=25 December 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211225084747/https://kkk.kriis.ee/en/faq/covid-19-vaccination/vaccines#q10069311}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Greece&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=11 August 2021|title=Greece Accepting Most Covid-19 Vaccines for Travel|url=https://news.gtp.gr/2021/08/11/greece-accepting-most-covid-19-vaccines-for-travel/|access-date=20 November 2021|website=GTP Headlines|accessdate=25 December 2021|archivedate=8 December 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208101400/https://news.gtp.gr/2021/08/11/greece-accepting-most-covid-19-vaccines-for-travel/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Hong Kong&lt;ref name=&quot;HK&quot;/&gt;
* Israel&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Entry to Israel - Non-Israeli Citizens: Air Travel|url=https://corona.health.gov.il/en/directives/air-travel-covid19-green/?tab=by-air|access-date=24 November 2021|website=Corona Traffic Light Model (Ramzor) Website}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Travellers must have MySejahtera to enter Malaysia|url=https://themalaysianreserve.com/2022/03/25/travellers-must-have-mysejahtera-to-enter-malaysia/amp/|date=25 March 2022|publisher=The Malaysian Reserve|access-date=25 March 2022|website=themalaysianreserve.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;/&gt;
* Saudi Arabia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Saudi Arabia has joined more than 100 countries accepting visitors vaccinated with Sputnik V following extensive work between Ministry of Health of Saudi Arabia and RDIF, supported by the Ministry of Investments of Saudi Arabia |url=https://sputnikvaccine.com/newsroom/pressreleases/saudi-arabia-has-joined-more-than-100-countries-accepting-visitors-vaccinated-with-sputnik-v/ |access-date=10 December 2021 |date=5 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Slovenia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Border Crossing {{!}} GOV.SI|url=https://www.gov.si/en/topics/coronavirus-disease-covid-19/border-crossing/|access-date=24 November 2021|website=Portal GOV.SI}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* St. Lucia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=NEW-FAQs|url=https://www.stlucia.org/en/covid-19/faqs/|access-date=24 November 2021|website=Saint Lucia Tourism Authority|accessdate=25 December 2021|archivedate=8 December 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208103421/https://www.stlucia.org/en/covid-19/faqs/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Thailand&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=THAILAND'S ENTRY REGULATIONS|url=https://thaiembassy.at/en/coe.html|access-date=20 December 2021|website=Royal Thai Embassy in Vienna}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

== CoronaVac ==
&lt;section begin=&quot;coronavacauthmap&quot;/&gt;
{{infobox
| image            = {{Graph:Map|scale=65|defaultValue=gainsboro
|AD=turqoise|AE=turqoise|AF=limegreen|AG=dodgerblue|AL=dodgerblue|AM=dodgerblue|AO=dodgerblue|AR=dodgerblue|AT=turquoise|AU=turquoise|AZ=limegreen
|BA=dodgerblue|BB=dodgerblue|BD=dodgerblue|BF=dodgerblue|BH=limegreen|BI=dodgerblue|BJ=limegreen|BN=dodgerblue|BO=dodgerblue|BR=dodgerblue|BS=limegreen|BT=dodgerblue|BW=dodgerblue|BZ=dodgerblue
|CA=turquoise|CD=limegreen|CF=limegreen|CG=dodgerblue|CH=turquoise|CI=dodgerblue|CL=dodgerblue|CM=dodgerblue|CN=blueviolet|CO=dodgerblue|CR=limegreen|CU=dodgerblue|CV=dodgerblue|CY=turquoise
|DJ=dodgerblue|DM=dodgerblue|DO=dodgerblue|DZ=dodgerblue
|EC=dodgerblue|EE=turquoise|EG=dodgerblue|ES=turquoise|ET=dodgerblue
|FI=turquoise|FJ=limegreen|FM=limegreen
|GA=dodgerblue|GB=turquoise|GD=limegreen|GE=dodgerblue|GH=limegreen|GM=dodgerblue|GN=dodgerblue|GQ=dodgerblue|GR=turquoise|GT=limegreen|GW=dodgerblue|GY=dodgerblue
|HN=limegreen|HR=turquoise|HT=limegreen|HU=dodgerblue
|ID=dodgerblue|IE=turquoise|IN=limegreen|IQ=dodgerblue|IR=limegreen|IS=turquoise
|JM=limegreen|JO=dodgerblue
|KE=dodgerblue|KG=dodgerblue|KH=dodgerblue|KI=dodgerblue|KM=dodgerblue|KN=limegreen|KP=limegreen|KR=turquoise|KW=dodgerblue|KZ=dodgerblue
|LA=dodgerblue|LB=dodgerblue|LC=limegreen|LI=turquoise|LK=dodgerblue|LR=limegreen|LS=dodgerblue|LY=dodgerblue
|MA=dodgerblue|MC=limegreen|MD=dodgerblue|ME=dodgerblue|MG=dodgerblue|MH=limegreen|MK=dodgerblue|ML=limegreen|MM=dodgerblue|MN=dodgerblue|MO=blueviolet|MR=dodgerblue|MU=dodgerblue|MV=dodgerblue|MW=dodgerblue|MX=dodgerblue|MY=dodgerblue|MZ=dodgerblue
|NA=dodgerblue|NE=dodgerblue|NG=dodgerblue|NI=limegreen|NL=turquoise|NO=turqoise|NP=dodgerblue|NR=limegreen|NZ=turquoise
|OM=dodgerblue
|PA=dodgerblue|PE=limegreen|PG=dodgerblue|PH=dodgerblue|PK=dodgerblue|PS=dodgerblue|PT=turquoise|PW=turquoise|PY=dodgerblue
|QA=dodgerblue
|RS=limegreen|RW=dodgerblue
|SA=dodgerblue|SB=dodgerblue|SC=blueviolet|SD=dodgerblue|SE=turquoise|SG=dodgerblue|SI=turquoise|SK=turquoise|SL=dodgerblue|SN=dodgerblue|SO=dodgerblue|SR=dodgerblue|SS=limegreen|ST=limegreen|SV=dodgerblue|SY=dodgerblue|SZ=limegreen
|TD=dodgerblue|TG=limegreen|TH=dodgerblue|TJ=limegreen|TL=limegreen|TM=dodgerblue|TN=dodgerblue|TO=limegreen|TR=dodgerblue|TT=dodgerblue|TV=limegreen|TZ=dodgerblue
|UA=dodgerblue|UG=limegreen|US=turquoise|UY=dodgerblue|UZ=dodgerblue
|VC=limegreen|VE=dodgerblue|VU=dodgerblue
|WS=limegreen
|XK=limegreen
|YE=dodgerblue|VN=turquoise|
|ZA=dodgerblue|ZM=dodgerblue|ZW=dodgerblue
}}
| caption          = {{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|turquoise|Allowed for travel}}
{{leftlegend|limegreen|Eligible [[COVAX]] recipient}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;coronavacauthmap&quot;/&gt;
The [[CoronaVac]] COVID-19 vaccine is an [[inactivated vaccine|inactivated virus vaccine]]&lt;ref name=&quot;NCT043835742&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=12 May 2020|title=Safety and Immunogenicity Study of Inactivated Vaccine for Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (COVID-19) (Renqiu)|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04383574|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084809/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04383574/|archive-date=11 October 2020|access-date=14 July 2020|website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]]|publisher=[[United States National Library of Medicine]]|id=NCT04383574}}&lt;/ref&gt; produced by the Chinese company [[Sinovac Biotech]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NCT043835742&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NCname= nct04456595=2&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=2 July 2020|title=Clinical Trial of Efficacy and Safety of Sinovac's Adsorbed COVID-19 (Inactivated) Vaccine in Healthcare Professionals (PROFISCOV)|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04456595|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084811/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04456595/|archive-date=11 October 2020|access-date=3 August 2020|website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]]|publisher=[[United States National Library of Medicine]]|id=NCT04456595}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=PT. Bio Farma|date=10 August 2020|title=A Phase III, observer-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of SARS-COV-2 inactivated vaccine in healthy adults aged 18–59 years in Indonesia|url=https://www.ina-registry.org/index.php?act=registry_trial_detail&amp;code_trial=16202009080721WXFM0YX|journal=Registri Penyakit Indonesia|access-date=15 August 2020}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084814/https://www.ina-registry.org/index.php?act=registry_trial_detail&amp;code_trial=16202009080721WXFM0YX%2F |date=11 October 2020 }} {{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://www.ina-registry.org/index.php?act=registry_trial_detail&amp;code_trial=16202009080721WXFM0YX%2F |accessdate=8 May 2025 |archivedate=11 October 2020 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084814/https://www.ina-registry.org/index.php?act=registry_trial_detail&amp;code_trial=16202009080721WXFM0YX%2F }}&lt;/ref&gt;
;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;CoronaVac_FN&quot;/&gt;1&lt;section end=&quot;CoronaVac_FN&quot;/&gt;)
# China&lt;ref name=&quot;CoronaVacCN&quot;/&gt;
{{-}}

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;CoronaVac_EN&quot;/&gt;71&lt;section end=&quot;CoronaVac_EN&quot;/&gt;)
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 0.3em; column-width: 15em;&quot;&gt;
# Albania&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=Semini|first=Llazar|title=Albania starts mass COVID vaccinations before tourist season|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Business/wireStory/albania-starts-mass-covid-vaccinations-tourist-season-76733128|access-date=29 March 2021|website=ABC News}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Algeria&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Argentina&lt;ref name=&quot;TrackVax&quot;/&gt;
# Armenia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=В Армению отправлена китайская вакцина от COVID-19|url=https://ru.armradio.am/2021/04/30/%d0%b2-%d0%b0%d1%80%d0%bc%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d1%8e-%d0%be%d1%82%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%ba%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%b9%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%8f-%d0%b2%d0%b0%d0%ba%d1%86%d0%b8/|access-date=9 May 2021|website=Общественное Радио Армении|language=ru-RU}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Azerbaijan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last1=Aliyev|first1=Jeyhun|title=Azerbaijan kicks off COVID-19 vaccination|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/world/azerbaijan-kicks-off-covid-19-vaccination/2114591|access-date=7 February 2021|publisher=Anadolu Agency|name-list-style=vanc}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Bangladesh&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Bangladesh approves Sinovac Covid-19 vaccine for emergency use|date=6 June 2021|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2021/06/06/sinovac-covid-19-vaccine-approved-for-emergency-use|access-date=6 June 2021|publisher=[[Dhaka Tribune]]|name-list-style=vanc}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Benin&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=Ayosso|first=Akpédjé|date=29 March 2021|title=Deux ministres vaccinés contre Covid-19|url=https://www.24haubenin.info/?Deux-ministres-vaccines-contre-Covid-19|access-date=7 April 2021|website=24haubenin.info|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Bolivia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Bolívia autoriza uso de vacinas Sputnik V e CoronaVac contra covid-19|url=https://noticias.uol.com.br/internacional/ultimas-noticias/2021/01/06/bolivia-autoriza-uso-de-vacinas-sputnik-v-e-coronavac-contra-covid-19.htm|access-date=6 January 2021|website=noticias.uol.com.br|language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Bosnia and Herzegovina&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=Agency|first=Anadolu|date=28 March 2021|title=Turkey sends Chinese COVID-19 vaccines to Bosnia-Herzegovina|url=https://www.dailysabah.com/politics/diplomacy/turkey-sends-chinese-covid-19-vaccines-to-bosnia-herzegovina|access-date=14 April 2021|website=Daily Sabah}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Botswana&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Botswana Could Be First African Country to Vaccinate Entire Adult Population |url=https://www.voanews.com/covid-19-pandemic/botswana-could-be-first-african-country-vaccinate-entire-adult-population|access-date=21 May 2021|website=Voice of America}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Brazil&lt;ref name=&quot;Covid-Vaccine&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=McGeever|first1=Jamie|last2=Fonseca|first2=Pedro|date=17 January 2021|title=Brazil clears emergency use of Sinovac, AstraZeneca vaccines, shots begin|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-brazil-idUSKBN29M0M3|access-date=17 January 2021|name-list-style=vanc}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Cambodia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last1=Chanritheara|first1=Torn|title=Cambodia Approves AstraZeneca and Sinovac Vaccines for COVID-19 Emergency Use|url=https://cambodianess.com/article/cambodia-approves-astrazeneca-and-sinovac-vaccines-for-covid-19-emergency-use|access-date=12 February 2021|publisher=Cambodianess}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Chile&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=20 January 2021|title=Chile aprueba el uso de emergencia de la vacuna china de Sinovac contra covid-19|url=https://www.france24.com/es/minuto-a-minuto/20210120-chile-aprueba-el-uso-de-emergencia-de-la-vacuna-china-de-sinovac-contra-covid-19|access-date=30 January 2021|publisher=France 24}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Colombia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last1=Aliyev|first1=Jeyhun|title=Colombia approves emergency use of CoronaVac vaccine|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/americas/colombia-approves-emergency-use-of-coronavac-vaccine/2134570|access-date=7 February 2021|publisher=Anadolu Agency|name-list-style=vanc}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Djibouti&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Djibouti Ministry of Health|url=https://twitter.com/minsantedj/status/1372948366137696270|access-date=30 March 2021|website=Twitter}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Dominica&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT vaccine tracker&quot;/&gt;
# Dominican Republic&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Anticovid vaccines run out as Dominican Republic awaits arrival of more doses|url=https://dominicantoday.com/dr/covid-19/2021/03/08/anticovid-vaccines-run-out-as-dominican-republic-awaits-arrival-of-more-doses/|access-date=10 March 2021|publisher=DominicanToday}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# East Timor&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=Martins|first=Filomeno|title=Government to launch Chinese Sinovac vaccine next week {{!}} TATOLI Agência Noticiosa de Timor-Leste|url=http://www.tatoli.tl/en/2021/06/11/government-to-launch-chinese-sinovac-vaccine-next-week/|access-date=15 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Ecuador&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Ecuador signs agreement with Sinovac for 2 million COVID-19 vaccine: minister|url=https://nationalpost.com/pmn/health-pmn/ecuador-signs-agreement-with-sinovac-for-2-million-covid-19-vaccine-minister|access-date=26 February 2021|work=National Post}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Egypt&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Egypt approves Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use|url=https://gulfnews.com/world/mena/egypt-approves-sinovac-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use-1.1619472925063|access-date=27 April 2021|website=gulfnews}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# El Salvador&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Llegan a El Salvador un millón de dosis de la vacuna china CoronaVac contra el covid-19 de la farmacéutica Sinovac|url=https://www.laprensagrafica.com/elsalvador/Llegan-a-El-Salvador-un-millon-de-dosis-de-la-vacuna-china-contra-el-covid-19-de-la-farmaceutica-Sinovac-20210328-0004.html|access-date=29 March 2021|website=Noticias de El Salvador – La Prensa Gráfica {{!}} Informate con la verdad|language=es-ES}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Equatorial Guinea&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Fiji&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=China to donate Sinovac Vaccine to Fiji|url=https://www.fbcnews.com.fj/news/china-to-donate-sinovac-vaccine-to-fiji/|access-date=22 March 2021|website=Fiji Broadcasting Corporation}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Gabon&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT vaccine tracker&quot;/&gt;
# Georgia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Covid-19 vaccination with Sinovac to start on May 24 in Georgia|url=https://agenda.ge/en/news/2021/1336|access-date=21 May 2021|website=Agenda.ge}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Guinea&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Guinea receives purchase of 300,000 Sinovac COVID-19 vaccines|url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/guinea-receives-purchase-of-300-000-sinovac-covid-19-vaccines-14649970|access-date=3 June 2021|website=CNA}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Guyana&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT vaccine tracker&quot;/&gt;
# Hungary&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Indonesia&lt;ref name=&quot;StraitsTimes20210111&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Soeriaatmadja|first=Wahyudi|date=11 January 2021|title=Indonesia grants emergency use approval to Sinovac's vaccine, local trials show 65% efficacy|work=[[The Straits Times]]|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/indonesia-grants-emergency-use-approval-to-sinovac-vaccine-local-trials-show-65|access-date=11 January 2021|name-list-style=vanc}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Tempo&quot;&gt;{{cite news|date=11 January 2021|title=BPOM Grants Emergency Use Authorization for Sinovac Vaccine|work=[[Tempo (Indonesian magazine)|Tempo]]|url=https://en.tempo.co/read/1422220/bpom-grants-emergency-use-authorization-for-sinovac-vaccine|access-date=11 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Kazakhstan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=В Казахстан доставили первую партию китайской вакцины CoronaVac {{!}} Kazakhstan Today|url=https://www.kt.kz/rus/covid-19/v_kazahstan_dostavili_pervuyu_partiyu_kitayskoy_vaktsiny_1377916469.html|access-date=7 June 2021|website=www.kt.kz|language=ru}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Laos&lt;ref name=&quot;CoronaVacCN&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Liu|first1=Roxanne|date=6 February 2021|title=China approves Sinovac Biotech COVID-19 vaccine for general public use|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-vaccine-sinovac/china-approves-sinovac-biotech-covid-19-vaccine-for-general-public-use-idUSKBN2A60AY|access-date=7 February 2021|name-list-style=vanc}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Libya&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=|date=9 May 2021|title=Libya begins administrating China's Sinovac vaccine in Tripoli|url=https://www.libyanexpress.com/libya-begins-administrating-chinas-sinovac-vaccine-in-tripoli/|access-date=21 May 2021|website=Libyan Express}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Malawi&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot; /&gt;
# Malaysia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=2 March 2021|title=Malaysia approves Sinovac, AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines for use|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/malaysia-approves-sinovac-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccines-use-2021-03-02/ |access-date=21 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Maldives&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Mexico&lt;ref name=&quot;AD5 mexico&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Barrera|first1=Adriana|date=11 February 2021|title=Mexico approves China's CanSino and Sinovac COVID-19 vaccines|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-mexico-cansino/update-2-mexico-approves-chinas-cansino-and-sinovac-covid-19-vaccines-idUSL1N2KG0NO|access-date=11 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Moldova&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Tanas|first=Alexander|date=9 April 2021|title=Moldova to buy 400,000 doses of Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-moldova-sinovac-idUKL8N2M24JT|access-date=9 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Morocco&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT vaccine tracker&quot;/&gt;
# Myanmar&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=Fishbein|first=Emily|title=Ethnic groups step in as Myanmar's COVID response falls apart|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/5/10/ethnic-groups-step-in-as-myanmars-covid-response-falls-apart|access-date=23 July 2021|website=Al Jazeera}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Nepal&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Nepal gives emergency use approval to China's Sinovac Covid-19 vaccine|url=https://kathmandupost.com/health/2021/06/04/nepal-gives-emergency-use-approval-to-china-s-sinovac-covid-19-vaccine|access-date=7 June 2021|website=kathmandupost}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# North Macedonia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=Testorides|first=Konstantin|date=27 June 2021|title=North Macedonia gets 500,000 doses of Sinovac vaccines|url=https://apnews.com/article/coronavirus-vaccine-coronavirus-pandemic-health-government-and-politics-business-1827f4b8b524449d72dd43e62a97ac63|access-date=28 June 2021|publisher=Associated Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Oman&lt;ref name=&quot;oman-coronavac-sputnik&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=COVID-19: Oman approves use of Sinovac and Sputnik vaccines|url=https://gulfnews.com/world/gulf/oman/covid-19-oman-approves-use-of-sinovac-and-sputnik-vaccines-1.80173049|access-date=25 June 2021|website=gulfnews}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Pakistan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=DRAP allows emergency authorisation to fifth Covid-19 vaccine|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/817278-drap-allows-emergency-authorisation-to-fifth-covid-19-vaccine|access-date=10 April 2021|website=The News International}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Palestine&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Panama&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=9 April 2021|title=Panama approves emergency use of Chinese vaccine against COVID-19|publisher=Xinhuanet|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-04/10/c_139870805.htm|access-date=9 April 2021|accessdate=7 July 2021|archivedate=10 April 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410031413/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-04/10/c_139870805.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Paraguay&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=CoronaVac, vacuna de alta eficacia|url=https://www.mspbs.gov.py/portal/22762/coronavac-vacuna-de-alta-eficacia.html|website=Ministerio de Salud Publica Y Bienestar Social (Paraguay)}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Philippines&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=22 February 2021|title=Philippines approves Sinovac's COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-philippines-vaccine/philippines-approves-sinovacs-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use-idUSL4N2KL0UK}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Rwanda&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Saint Vincent and the Grenadines&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT vaccine tracker&quot;/&gt;
# Saudi Arabia&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=24 August 2021|title=MoH: Six COVID-19 vaccines approved in Saudi Arabia|work=[[Saudi Gazette]]|url=https://saudigazette.com.sa/article/610193|access-date=25 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Singapore&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Matthew Mohan|date=23 October 2021|title=Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine to be included in Singapore's national vaccination programme|url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/sinovac-covid-19-vaccine-national-vaccination-programme-three-dose-singapore-2263787|access-date=23 October 2021|website=CNA}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Somalia&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# South Africa&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=3 July 2021|title=SAHPRA authorises the CoronaVac vaccine with conditions|publisher=SAHPRA|url=https://www.sahpra.org.za/press-releases/sahpra-authorises-the-coronavac-vaccine-with-conditions/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Sri Lanka&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Sri Lanka approves China's Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use|url=http://www.colombopage.com/archive_21A/Jul17_1626497465CH.php|access-date=18 July 2021|website=ColomboPage}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Sudan&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Syria&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Tajikistan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Китайской вакциной в Таджикистане первоначально будут прививать людей старше 60 лет {{!}} Новости Таджикистана ASIA-Plus|url=https://asiaplustj.info/ru/news/tajikistan/society/20210621/kitaiskoi-vaktsinoi-v-tadzhikistane-pervonachalno-budut-privivat-lyudei-starshe-60-let|access-date=13 July 2021|website=asiaplustj.info}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Tanzania&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=|first=|date=13 July 2021|title=Vaccine-Holdout Tanzania Begins Inoculations With Sinovac Doses - BNN Bloomberg|url=https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/vaccine-holdout-tanzania-begins-inoculations-with-sinovac-doses-1.1628276|access-date=13 July 2021|website=Bloomberg}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Thailand&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Thepgumpanat|first1=Panarat|date=22 February 2021|title=Thailand allows emergency use of Sinovac's COVID-19 vaccine|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-thailand/thailand-allows-emergency-use-of-sinovacs-covid-19-vaccine-idUSKBN2AM1BX|access-date=23 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Togo&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=|title=Le CoronaVac pour les étudiants du public|url=https://www.republicoftogo.com/Toutes-les-rubriques/Education/Le-CoronaVac-pour-les-etudiants-du-public|access-date=23 May 2021|website=République Togolaise|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Trinidad and Tobago&lt;ref name=&quot;newsday.co.tt&quot;&gt;{{cite web|date=8 November 2021|title=Health Ministry: Covaxin vaccine approved use in Trinidad and Tobago|url=https://newsday.co.tt/2021/11/08/health-ministry-covaxin-vaccine-approved-use-in-trinidad-and-tobago/|access-date=30 November 2021|website=Trinidad and Tobago Newsday}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Tunisia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=5 March 2021|title=Tunisia approva vaccino cinese Sinovac|url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/mondo/dalla_cina/2021/03/05/covid-tunisia-approva-vaccino-cinese-sinovac_9ba5fbb3-4ee9-48de-9327-c37a3931f5d1.html|access-date=7 March 2021|publisher=Agenzia Nazionale Stampa Associata (in Italian)|language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Turkey&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=14 January 2021|title=Turkey grants emergency authorization to Sinovac's CoronaVac|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-turkey-vaccine-idUSKBN29I29F|access-date=9 January 2022|publisher=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Turkmenistan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||last=turkmenportal|title=В Туркменистан поступила крупная партия китайской вакцины &quot;CoronaVac&quot; |url=https://turkmenportal.com/blog/36504/v-turkmenistan-postupila-krupnaya-partiya-kitaiskoi-vakciny-coronavac|access-date=7 June 2021|website=Туркменистан, интернет портал о культурной, деловой и развлекательной жизни в Туркменистане|language=ru}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Uganda&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Ukraine&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Zinets|first1=Natalia|date=9 March 2021|title=Ukraine approves China's Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-ukraine-vaccine-idUSKBN2B11H6|access-date=10 March 2021|publisher=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Uruguay&lt;ref name=&quot;CoronaVacCN&quot; /&gt;
# Uzbekistan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Uzbekistan plans to obtain Sinovac coronavirus vaccine|url=https://akipress.com/news:658218:Uzbekistan_plans_to_obtain_Sinovac_coronavirus_vaccine/|access-date=21 May 2021|website=akipress}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Venezuela&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=30 June 2021|title=COVID-19 Information|url=https://ve.usembassy.gov/covid-19-information/|access-date=23 August 2021|website=U.S. Embassy in Venezuela}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Yemen&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Zimbabwe&lt;ref name=&quot;news24.com-zimbabwe-ssv&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!-- not counted --&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;'''[[List of ISO 3166-1 codes|Non-country entities]]'''
* Hong Kong&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=18 February 2021|title=Use of Sinovac vaccine authorised|url=https://www.news.gov.hk/eng/2021/02/20210218/20210218_111857_034.html|access-date=19 February 2021|publisher=Government of Hong Kong}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Northern Cyprus&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;
* ''[[World Health Organization]]''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Nebehay |first=Stephanie |title=WHO approves Sinovac COVID vaccine, the second Chinese-made dose listed |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-who-sinovac/who-approves-sinovac-covid-vaccine-the-second-chinese-made-dose-listed-idUSKCN2DD3V5 |access-date=1 June 2021 |work=Reuters |date=1 June 2021 |location=Geneva}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO recommendation&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=WHO recommendation Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine (Vero Cell [Inactivated]) – CoronaVac | website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO) | date=1 May 2021 | url=https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/vaccines/who-recommendation-sinovac-covid-19-vaccine-vero-cell-inactivated-coronavac | access-date=1 June 2021 | accessdate=7 July 2021 | archivedate=2 June 2021 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602213345/https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/vaccines/who-recommendation-sinovac-covid-19-vaccine-vero-cell-inactivated-coronavac }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO PR 20210601&quot;&gt;{{cite press release | title=WHO validates Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use and issues interim policy recommendations | website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO) | url=https://www.who.int/news/item/01-06-2021-who-validates-sinovac-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use-and-issues-interim-policy-recommendations | access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

;Travel-only
{{div col|colwidth=18em}}
* Andorra&lt;ref name=&quot;auto24&quot;/&gt;
* Australia&lt;ref name=&quot;AU recognized&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=1 October 2021|title=Australia set to restart international travel in November, Scott Morrison says|work=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2021/oct/01/australia-set-to-restart-international-travel-in-november-scott-morrison-says|access-date=21 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Austria&lt;ref name=&quot;auto10&quot;/&gt; (only for entry)
* Canada&lt;ref name=&quot;auto31&quot;/&gt;
* Costa Rica&lt;ref name=&quot;auto41&quot;/&gt;
* Croatia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto19&quot;/&gt;
* Cyprus&lt;ref name=&quot;auto15&quot;/&gt;
* Estonia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto26&quot;/&gt; (only if approved in a person's country of origin)
* Finland&lt;ref name=&quot;auto37&quot;/&gt;
* Greece&lt;ref name=&quot;auto27&quot;/&gt;
* Grenada&lt;ref name=&quot;auto8&quot;/&gt;
* Iceland&lt;ref name=&quot;auto18&quot;/&gt;
* Ireland&lt;ref name=&quot;auto11&quot;/&gt;
* Liechtenstein&lt;ref name=&quot;auto28&quot;/&gt;
* Norway&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.helsenorge.no/en/coronavirus/international-travels/#who-can-travel-to-norway|title=CInternational travels to Norway|date=23 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;/&gt;
* Norway&lt;ref name=&quot;police1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.police.hu/en/content/information-on-general-rules-of-border-crossing|title=INFORMATION ON GENERAL RULES OF BORDER CROSSING – National Police Headquarters of Hungary}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Palau&lt;ref name=&quot;palaugov.pw&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.palaugov.pw/travel/|title=COVID-19 Pandemic Entry Requirements – PalauGov.pw}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Panama&lt;ref name=&quot;auto35&quot;/&gt;
* Portugal&lt;ref name=&quot;visitmadeira1&quot;/&gt; (only in Madeira)
* Slovakia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto29&quot;/&gt;
* Slovenia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto30&quot;/&gt;
* South Korea&lt;ref name=&quot;auto42&quot;/&gt;
* Spain&lt;ref name=&quot;auto40&quot;/&gt;
* St. Kitts and Nevis&lt;ref name=&quot;auto33&quot;/&gt;
* St. Lucia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto17&quot;/&gt;
* St. Vincent and the Grenadines&lt;ref name=&quot;auto21&quot;/&gt;
* Sweden&lt;ref name=&quot;auto38&quot;/&gt;
* Switzerland&lt;ref name=&quot;auto39&quot;/&gt;
* The Netherlands&lt;ref name=&quot;auto25&quot;/&gt;
* Ukraine&lt;ref name=&quot;auto22&quot;/&gt;
* United Arab Emirates&lt;ref name=&quot;mohap.gov.ae&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.mohap.gov.ae/en/services/travelers-vaccination|title=Travelers Vaccinations - Ministry of Health and Prevention - UAE|website=www.mohap.gov.ae|accessdate=2021-12-25|archivedate=2021-11-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122031706/https://www.mohap.gov.ae/en/services/travelers-vaccination}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* United Kingdom&lt;ref name=&quot;auto34&quot;/&gt;
* United States&lt;ref name=&quot;auto16&quot;/&gt;
* Vietnam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=21 October 2021|title=Việt Nam temporarily approves COVID-19 vaccine certificates by 72 countries, territories: Foreign ministry|work=[[Việt Nam News]]|url=https://vietnamnews.vn/politics-laws/1063197/viet-nam-temporarily-approves-covid-19-vaccine-certificates-by-72-countries-territories-foreign-ministry.html|access-date=8 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{div col end}}
{{clear}}
{{-}}

== Novavax ==
&lt;section begin=&quot;NVXauthmap&quot;/&gt;
{{infobox
| image            = {{Graph:Map|scale=65|defaultValue=gainsboro
|AF=limegreen|AG=limegreen|AL=limegreen|AM=limegreen|AO=limegreen|AR=limegreen|AT=dodgerblue|AU=blueviolet|AZ=limegreen
|BA=limegreen|BB=limegreen|BD=dodgerblue|BE=dodgerblue|BF=limegreen|BG=dodgerblue|BJ=limegreen|BN=limegreen|BO=limegreen|BR=limegreen|BS=limegreen|BT=limegreen|BZ=limegreen
|CA=blueviolet|CD=limegreen|CG=limegreen|CH=dodgerblue|CI=limegreen|CL=limegreen|CM=limegreen|CO=limegreen|CR=limegreen|CV=limegreen|CY=dodgerblue|CZ=dodgerblue
|DE=dodgerblue|DK=dodgerblue|DJ=limegreen|DM=limegreen|DO=limegreen|DZ=limegreen
|EC=limegreen|EE=dodgerblue|EG=limegreen|ES=dodgerblue
|FI=dodgerblue|FJ=limegreen|FM=limegreen|FR=dodgerblue
|GD=limegreen|GE=limegreen|GH=limegreen|GM=limegreen|GN=limegreen|GR=dodgerblue
|HN=limegreen|HR=dodgerblue|HT=limegreen|HU=dodgerblue
|ID=dodgerblue|IE=dodgerblue|IQ=limegreen|IS=dodgerblue|IT=dodgerblue
|JM=limegreen|JO=limegreen|JP=blueviolet
|KE=limegreen|KH=limegreen|KI=limegreen|KM=limegreen|KN=limegreen|KP=limegreen|KR=blueviolet|
|LA=limegreen|LB=limegreen|LC=limegreen|LR=limegreen|LS=limegreen|LT=dodgerblue|LU=dodgerblue|LV=dodgerblue|LY=limegreen
|MA=limegreen|MC=limegreen|MD=limegreen|ME=limegreen|MH=limegreen|MK=limegreen|ML=limegreen|MR=limegreen|MT=dodgerblue|MU=limegreen|MV=limegreen|MW=limegreen|MY=limegreen|MZ=limegreen
|NA=limegreen|NE=limegreen|NG=limegreen|NL=dodgerblue|NO=dodgerblue|NR=limegreen|NZ=dodgerblue
|PA=turquoise|PE=limegreen|PG=limegreen|PH=dodgerblue|PK=limegreen|PL=dodgerblue|PT=dodgerblue
|QA=limegreen
|RO=dodgerblue|RS=limegreen|RW=limegreen
|SB=limegreen|SD=limegreen|SE=dodgerblue|SG=dodgerblue|SI=dodgerblue|SK=dodgerblue|SL=limegreen|SN=limegreen|SO=limegreen|SR=limegreen|SS=limegreen|ST=limegreen|SV=limegreen|SY=limegreen|SZ=limegreen
|TD=limegreen|TG=limegreen|TH=dodgerblue|TJ=limegreen|TL=limegreen|TN=limegreen|TO=limegreen
|TR=turquoise|TV=limegreen
|UA=limegreen|UG=limegreen|GB=dodgerblue|UY=limegreen|UZ=limegreen
|VC=limegreen|VU=limegreen
|WS=limegreen|XK=limegreen|YE=limegreen|ZA=limegreen|ZM=limegreen|IN=dodgerblue
|US=turquoise|AE=turquoise|SA=limegreen|ET=limegreen|CF=limegreen|KG=limegreen
|BW=limegreen|ZW=limegreen|MX=limegreen|PY=limegreen|VE=limegreen|IR=limegreen|NI=limegreen|GY=limegreen|MM=limegreen|VN=limegreen|MG=limegreen|LK=limegreen|GT=limegreen
}}
| caption          = {{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|turquoise|Allowed for travel}}
{{leftlegend|limegreen|Eligible [[COVAX]] recipient}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;NVXauthmap&quot;/&gt;
The [[Novavax COVID-19 vaccine]], codenamed NVX-CoV2373, is a subunit COVID-19 vaccine candidate developed by [[Novavax]] and the [[Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations]], that is undergoing trials in India under the brand name Covovax. It requires two doses and is stable at 2 to 8&amp;nbsp;°C (36 to 46&amp;nbsp;°F) refrigerated temperatures.

NVX-CoV2373 has been described as both a [[Protein subunit|protein]] [[subunit vaccine]] and a [[virus-like particle#Vaccines|virus-like particle vaccine]], though the producers call it a &quot;recombinant nanoparticle vaccine&quot;.

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;Novavax_FN&quot;/&gt;4&lt;section end=&quot;Novavax_FN&quot;/&gt;)
# Australia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=TGA provisionally approves Novavax (Biocelect Pty Ltd's) COVID-19 vaccine NUVAXOVID|url=https://www.tga.gov.au/media-release/tga-provisionally-approves-novavax-biocelect-pty-ltds-covid-19-vaccine-nuvaxovid|access-date=20 January 2022|website=Therapeutic Goods Administration|date=20 January 2022|accessdate=6 July 2022|archivedate=28 January 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220128170700/https://www.tga.gov.au/media-release/tga-provisionally-approves-novavax-biocelect-pty-ltds-covid-19-vaccine-nuvaxovid}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Canada&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Reuters|date=2022-02-17|title=Canada approves Novavax's COVID-19 vaccine for adults|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/canada-approves-novavaxs-covid-19-vaccine-2022-02-17/|access-date=2022-02-17}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Japan&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2022-04-19|title=Japan approves Novavax as 4th COVID vaccine amid new surge|language=en|work=ABC News|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Health/wireStory/japan-approves-novavax-covid-19-vaccine-84159564|access-date=2022-04-21}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# South Korea&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2022-01-12|title=South Korea Ministry of Food and Drug Safety Approves Novavax COVID-19 Vaccine|language=en|work=Novavax, Inc.|url=https://ir.novavax.com/2022-01-12-South-Korea-Ministry-of-Food-and-Drug-Safety-Approves-Novavax-COVID-19-Vaccine|access-date=2022-01-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{-}}

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 0.3em; column-width: 15em;&quot;&gt;
;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;Novavax_EN&quot;/&gt;40&lt;section end=&quot;Novavax_EN&quot;/&gt;)
# Bangladesh&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Novavax Reports First Quarter 2022 Financial Results and Operational Highlights |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/novavax-reports-first-quarter-2022-200200347.html |work=Novavax, Inc. |date=9 May 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# India&lt;ref name=&quot;vacxine2&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=Achom |first1=Debasish |title=India Clears 2 New Vaccines And Merck's Covid Pill |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/coronavirus-2-more-vaccines-covovax-and-corbevax-and-anti-viral-drug-molnupiravir-cleared-in-india-2675170 |work=NDTV.com |date=28 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Indonesia&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last1=O'donnell|first1=Carl|last2=Nadeem|first2=Dania|date=1 November 2021|title=Novavax COVID-19 vaccine gets first authorization; expects more within weeks, CEO says|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/novavax-covid-19-vaccine-receives-emergency-use-authorization-indonesia-2021-11-01/|access-date=1 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# New Zealand&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=The Associated Press Staff|date=3 February 2022|title=Novavax's COVID-19 shot receives provisional approval in New Zealand|agency=Associated Press|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/world/novavax-s-covid-19-shot-receives-provisional-approval-in-new-zealand-1.5767524|access-date=4 February 2022|accessdate=6 July 2022|archivedate=21 March 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220321110739/https://www.ctvnews.ca/world/novavax-s-covid-19-shot-receives-provisional-approval-in-new-zealand-1.5767524}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Philippines&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Philippines approves emergency use of Novavax's COVID-19 vaccine |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/philippines-approves-emergency-use-novavaxs-covid-19-vaccine-2021-11-17/ |access-date=17 November 2021 |publisher=Reuters |date=17 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Singapore&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Clara Chong|date=14 February 2022|title=Novavax Covid-19 vaccine approved for those aged 18 and above in Singapore|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/novavax-covid-19-vaccine-approved-for-those-aged-18-and-above-to-arrive-in-the-next-few-months|access-date=14 February 2022|website=[[The Straits Times]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Switzerland&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Swissmedic grants temporary authorisation for the Nuvaxovid COVID-19 vaccine from Novavax |url=https://www.swissmedic.ch/swissmedic/en/home/news/coronavirus-covid-19/zl-nuvaxovid-novovax.html |work=Swissmedic |date=13 April 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Thailand&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Novavax and Serum Institute of India Receive Emergency Use Authorization for Novavax' COVID-19 Vaccine in Thailand|url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/novavax-serum-institute-india-receive-130000777.html|access-date=2022-04-11|website=[[Yahoo! Finance]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Taiwan&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=News |first=Taiwan |date=2022-06-19 |title=Novavax cleared for use by Taiwan FDA {{!}} Taiwan News {{!}} 2022-06-19 11:45:00 |url=https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/4574660 |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=Taiwan News}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# United Kingdom&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Novavax COVID-19 vaccine Nuvaxovid approved by MHRA|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/novavax-covid-19-vaccine-nuvaxovid-approved-by-mhra|access-date=2022-02-03|website=GOV.UK|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''{{nowrap|[[European Medicines Agency|EMA]] countries}}'''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=20 December 2021|title=EMA recommends Nuvaxovid for authorisation in the EU|url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/ema-recommends-nuvaxovid-authorisation-eu|publisher=European Medicines Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Austria
# Belgium
# Bulgaria
# Croatia
# Cyprus
# Czech Republic
# Denmark
# Estonia
# Finland
# France
# Germany
# Greece
# Hungary
# Iceland
# Ireland
# Italy
# Latvia
# Liechtenstein
# Lithuania
# Luxembourg
# Malta
# Netherlands
# Norway
# Poland
# Portugal
# Romania
# Slovakia
# Slovenia
# Spain
# Sweden
&lt;!-- not counted --&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;'''[[List of ISO 3166-1 codes|Non-country entities]]'''
* ''[[World Health Organization]]''&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO PR 20211217&quot;&gt;{{cite press release | title=WHO lists 9th COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use with aim to increase access to vaccination in lower-income countries | website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO) | url=https://www.who.int/news/item/17-12-2021-who-lists-9th-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use-with-aim-to-increase-access-to-vaccination-in-lower-income-countries | access-date=17 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=WHO issues emergency use listing to Novavax-Serum Institute's COVID-19 vaccine |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/who-issues-emergency-use-listing-novavax-serum-institutes-covid-19-vaccine-2021-12-17/ |work=Reuters |date=17 December 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Travel-only
* Hong Kong&lt;ref name=&quot;HK&quot;/&gt;
* Palau&lt;ref name=&quot;palaugov.pw&quot;/&gt;
* Panama&lt;ref name=&quot;auto35&quot;/&gt;
* St. Kitts and Nevis&lt;ref name=&quot;auto33&quot;/&gt;
* St. Lucia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto17&quot;/&gt;
* St. Vincent and the Grenadines&lt;ref name=&quot;auto21&quot;/&gt;
* Switzerland&lt;ref name=&quot;auto39&quot;/&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;auto12&quot;/&gt;
* United Arab Emirates&lt;ref name=&quot;mohap.gov.ae&quot;/&gt;
* United States&lt;ref name=&quot;auto16&quot;/&gt;
{{clear}}
&lt;/div&gt;

== VLA2001 ==
[[Valneva COVID-19 vaccine|VLA2001]] is an inactivated vaccine developed by [[Valneva SE]] and Dynavax Technologies.

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;VLA2001_FN&quot; /&gt;31&lt;section end=&quot;VLA2001_FN&quot; /&gt;)
# United Kingdom&lt;ref&gt;|url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-61104594&lt;/ref&gt;
'''{{nowrap|[[European Medicines Agency|EMA]] countries}}'''&lt;ref name=&quot;Valneva EPAR&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=20 June 2022 |title=COVID-19 Vaccine (inactivated, adjuvanted) Valneva EPAR |url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/covid-19-vaccine-inactivated-adjuvanted-valneva |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220628005530/https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/covid-19-vaccine-inactivated-adjuvanted-valneva |archive-date=28 June 2022 |access-date=28 June 2022 |website=[[European Medicines Agency]] (EMA)}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Austria
# Belgium
# Bulgaria
# Croatia
# Cyprus
# Czech Republic
# Denmark
# Estonia
# Finland
# France
# Germany
# Greece
# Hungary
# Iceland
# Ireland
# Italy
# Latvia
# Liechtenstein
# Lithuania
# Luxembourg
# Malta
# Netherlands
# Norway
# Poland
# Portugal
# Romania
# Slovakia
# Slovenia
# Spain
# Sweden
;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;VLA2001_EN&quot; /&gt;2&lt;section end=&quot;VLA2001_EN&quot; /&gt;)
# Bahrain&lt;ref&gt;|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-61104594&lt;/ref&gt;
# United Arab Emirates&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-05-17 |title=Valneva receives EUA from UAE for its inactivated COVID-19 vaccine |url=https://www.expresspharma.in/valneva-receives-eua-from-uae-for-its-inactivated-covid-19-vaccine/ |access-date=2022-06-20 |website=Express Pharma |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Travel-only
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot; /&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot; /&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot; /&gt;

== Sputnik Light ==
&lt;section begin=&quot;sputniklightauthmap&quot;/&gt;
{{infobox|image={{Graph:Map|scale=65|defaultValue=gainsboro
|AO=dodgerblue|AE=dodgerblue|AR=dodgerblue
|BH=dodgerblue|BJ=dodgerblue|BY=dodgerblue
|CG=dodgerblue
|EG=dodgerblue
|IR=dodgerblue
|IN=dodgerblue
|KG=dodgerblue|KH=dodgerblue|KZ=dodgerblue
|LA=dodgerblue
|MN=dodgerblue|MU=dodgerblue|MY=turquoise
|NI=dodgerblue|NZ=turquoise
|PH=dodgerblue|PS=dodgerblue
|RU=dodgerblue
|SM=dodgerblue|SY=dodgerblue
|TM=dodgerblue|TN=dodgerblue|TR=turquoise|TZ=dodgerblue
|VC=dodgerblue|VE=dodgerblue
}}
|caption=
{{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|turquoise|Allowed for travel}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;sputniklightauthmap&quot;/&gt;
[[Sputnik Light]] is a [[viral vector vaccine]],&lt;ref name=&quot;Ryumin&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Ryumin|first=Alexander|date=20 February 2021|title=Russia registers its third COVID-19 vaccine CoviVac|publisher=[[TASS]]|location=Moscow|url=https://tass.com/society/1258859|access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; produced by the Russian Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology. It consists of the first dose of the [[Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine|Sputnik V vaccine]], which is based on the Ad26 vector.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release |date=6 May 2021 |title=Single dose vaccine, Sputnik Light, authorized for use in Russia |url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/6763/ |publisher=Russian Direct Investment Fund |access-date=11 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;Sputnik Light_FN&quot;/&gt;0&lt;section end=&quot;Sputnik Light_FN&quot;/&gt;)

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;Sputnik Light_EN&quot;/&gt;28&lt;section end=&quot;Sputnik Light_EN&quot;/&gt;)
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 0.3em; column-width: 15em;&quot;&gt;
# Angola&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Sputnik Light Vaccine Approved For Use In Angola |url=https://sputnikvaccine.com/newsroom/pressreleases/sputnik-light-vaccine-approved-for-use-in-angola/ |access-date=13 May 2021 |publisher=Sputnik V vaccine |date=12 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Argentina&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=BOLETIN OFICIAL REPUBLICA ARGENTINA - MINISTERIO DE SALUD - Resolución 3451/2021|url=https://www.boletinoficial.gob.ar/detalleAviso/primera/253978|access-date=7 December 2021|website=www.boletinoficial.gob.ar}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Armenia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Armenia approves Russian one-dose Sputnik Light vaccine|url=https://en.armradio.am/2021/09/06/armenia-approves-russian-one-dose-sputnik-light-vaccine/|access-date=8 December 2021|website=Public Radio of Armenia}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Bahrain&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=11 May 2021|title=Bahrain authorizes emergency use of one-shot Sputnik-Light COVID-19 vaccine|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/bahrain-authorizes-emergency-use-one-shot-sputnik-light-covid-19-vaccine-2021-05-11/|access-date=12 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Belarus&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Belarus registers Russia's Sputnik Light vaccine for use |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/belarus-registers-russias-sputnik-light-vaccine-use-2021-06-03/ |access-date=4 June 2021 |date=3 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Benin&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=14 January 2022|title=Sputnik Light vaccine authorized in Benin, says Russian Direct Investment Fund|work=[[TASS]]|url=https://tass.com/world/1388289|access-date=7 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Cambodia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto20&quot;/&gt;
# Congo-Brazzaville&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Single-dose Sputnik Light vaccine approved for use in the Republic of the Congo |url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/6878/ |publisher=Russian Direct Investment Fund |website=rdif.ru |date=7 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021 |archive-date=7 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210607175016/https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/6878/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Egypt&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The single-component Sputnik Light vaccine authorized in Egypt|url=https://sputnikvaccine.com/newsroom/pressreleases/the-single-component-sputnik-light-vaccine-authorized-in-egypt/|access-date=1 October 2021|website=sputnikvaccine}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Iran&lt;ref name=&quot;TrackVax&quot;/&gt;
# India&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Sputnik Light: DCGI nod to emergency use of single-dose Covid vaccine|url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/sputnik-light-dcgi-nod-to-emergency-use-of-single-dose-covid-vaccine-11644160096963.html|website=Livemint|date=2 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Kazakhstan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Kazakhstan approves Russia's single-dose Sputnik Light vaccine |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/kazakhstan-approves-russias-single-dose-sputnik-light-vaccine-rdif-2021-07-15/ |access-date=15 July 2021 |work=Reuters |date=15 July 2021 |location=Moscow}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Kyrgyzstan&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Single-dose Sputnik Light vaccine registered in Kyrgyzstan|url=https://sputnikvaccine.com/newsroom/pressreleases/single-dose-sputnik-light-vaccine-registered-in-kyrgyzstan/|access-date=25 June 2021|website=sputnikvaccine}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Laos&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Mauritius&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Russia's Sputnik Light vaccine approved for use in Mauritius |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/russias-sputnik-light-vaccine-approved-use-mauritius-rdif-2021-06-02/ |access-date=4 June 2021 |work=Reuters |date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Mongolia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release |title=Single-dose Sputnik Light vaccine registered in Mongolia |url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/6907/ |location=Moscow |publisher=Russian Direct Investment Fund |access-date=25 June 2021 |date=11 June 2021 |archive-date=29 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629205823/https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/6907/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Nicaragua&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Single-dose Sputnik Light vaccine approved for use in Nicaragua |url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/6846/ |publisher=Russian Direct Investment Fund |date=20 May 2021 |access-date=1 June 2021 |archive-date=3 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603092124/https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/6846/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Palestine&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Russia's Sputnik Light vaccine approved for use in Palestinian territories |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-russia-israel-palesti-idUSR4N2NB01F |access-date=4 June 2021 |work=Reuters |date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Philippines&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Philippines approves emergency use of Russia's Sputnik Light vaccine|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/philippines-approves-emergency-use-russias-sputnik-light-vaccine-2021-08-23/ |access-date=23 August 2021 |work=Reuters |date=23 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Russia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Russia Approves Single-Dose Sputnik Light Covid Vaccine For Use |url=https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/russia-approves-single-dose-sputnik-light-covid-19-vaccine-for-use-2436470 |publisher=NDTV Coronavirus |date=6 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Saint Vincent and the Grenadines&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# San Marino&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Russian Direct Investment Fund|url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/7171/|access-date=30 November 2021|website=rdif.ru|archive-date=30 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130200937/https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/7171/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Syria&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Batch of Russia's Sputnik Light vaccine delivered to Syria |url=https://tass.com/world/1317383 |access-date=31 July 2021 |work=TASS |date=24 July 2021 |location=Damascus}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Tanzania&lt;ref name=&quot;TrackVax&quot;/&gt;
# Tunisia&lt;ref name=&quot;TrackVax&quot;/&gt;
# Turkmenistan&lt;ref name=&quot;TrackVax&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://turkmenportal.com/blog/42752/turkmenistan-zaregistriroval-oblegchennyi-variant-rossiiskoi-vakciny-sputnik-v Туркменистан зарегистрировал облегченный вариант российской вакцины «Спутник V»]&lt;/ref&gt;
# United Arab Emirates&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=6 October 2021|title=UAE authorises Sputnik Light COVID-19 vaccine -Russia's RDIF|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/uae-authorises-sputnik-light-covid-19-vaccine-russias-rdif-2021-10-06/|access-date=23 October 2021|website=[[Reuters]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Venezuela&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release|title=Single-dose Sputnik Light vaccine approved for use in Venezuela |url=https://sputnikvaccine.com/newsroom/pressreleases/single-dose-sputnik-light-vaccine-approved-for-use-in-venezuela/|access-date=15 May 2021|publisher=Gamaleya Center}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;'''Non-country entities'''
* Abkhazia&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=28 October 2021|title=In Abkhazia, 3,638 People Were Covid-19 Vaccination With Satellite Light|url=https://minzdrav.apsny.land/novosti/item/801-v-abkhazii-privivku-ot-covid-19-sputnikom-lajt-sdelali-3638-chelovek|accessdate=25 December 2021|archivedate=6 December 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206233003/https://minzdrav.apsny.land/novosti/item/801-v-abkhazii-privivku-ot-covid-19-sputnikom-lajt-sdelali-3638-chelovek}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Donbass Region (unofficially)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://warsawinstitute.org/moscow-plays-donbas-part-ukraine-conflict/ |title=Moscow Plays Up Donbas As Part Of The Ukraine Conflict |publisher=Warsaw Institute |date=2021-07-30 |access-date=2022-03-04 |accessdate=2022-07-06 |archivedate=2021-08-04 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804163629/https://warsawinstitute.org/moscow-plays-donbas-part-ukraine-conflict/ }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

;Travel-only
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot;/&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;/&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot;/&gt;
{{clear}}

== Covaxin ==
&lt;section begin=&quot;covaxinauthmap&quot;/&gt;
{{infobox
| image            = {{Graph:Map|scale=65|defaultValue=gainsboro
|AF=limegreen|AG=limegreen|AL=limegreen|AM=limegreen|AO=limegreen|AR=limegreen|AZ=limegreen|AU=turquoise
|BA=limegreen|BB=limegreen|BD=limegreen|BF=limegreen|BH=dodgerblue|BJ=limegreen|BN=limegreen|BO=limegreen|BR=limegreen|BS=limegreen|BT=limegreen|BW=dodgerblue|BZ=limegreen
|CD=limegreen|CF=dodgerblue|CG=limegreen|CI=limegreen|CL=limegreen|CM=limegreen|CO=limegreen|CR=limegreen|CV=limegreen
|DJ=limegreen|DM=limegreen|DO=limegreen|DZ=limegreen
|EC=limegreen|EE=turquoise|EG=limegreen|ET=dodgerblue|
|FJ=limegreen|FM=limegreen|FI=turquoise
|GD=limegreen|GB=turquoise|GE=limegreen|GH=limegreen|GM=limegreen|GN=limegreen|GR=turquoise|GT=dodgerblue|GY=dodgerblue
|HK=dodgerblue|HN=limegreen|HT=limegreen
|ID=limegreen|IN=blueviolet|IQ=limegreen|IR=dodgerblue|IS=turquoise
|JM=limegreen|JO=limegreen
|KE=limegreen|KG=turquoise|KH=limegreen|KI=limegreen|KM=dodgerblue|KN=limegreen|KP=limegreen|KR=limegreen|
|LA=limegreen|LB=limegreen|LC=limegreen|LK=turquoise|LR=limegreen|LS=limegreen|LY=limegreen
|MA=limegreen|MC=limegreen|MD=limegreen|ME=limegreen|MH=limegreen|MK=limegreen|ML=limegreen|MM=dodgerblue|MN=turquoise|MR=limegreen|MU=dodgerblue|MV=limegreen|MW=limegreen|MX=dodgerblue|MY=dodgerblue|MZ=limegreen
|NA=limegreen|NE=limegreen|NG=limegreen|NI=dodgerblue|NP=dodgerblue|NR=limegreen|NZ=turquoise
|OM=turquoise
|PA=limegreen|PE=limegreen|PG=limegreen|PH=dodgerblue|PK=limegreen|PS=turquoise|PY=dodgerblue
|QA=limegreen
|RS=limegreen|RW=limegreen
|SA=turquoise|SB=limegreen|SD=limegreen|SG=turquoise|SL=limegreen|SN=limegreen|SO=limegreen|SR=limegreen|SS=limegreen|ST=limegreen|SV=limegreen|SY=limegreen|SZ=limegreen
|TD=limegreen|TG=limegreen|TH=turquoise|TJ=limegreen|TL=limegreen|TN=limegreen|TO=limegreen|TT=dodgerblue|TV=limegreen
|UA=limegreen|UG=limegreen|US=turquoise|UY=limegreen|UZ=limegreen|CH=turquoise|TR=turquoise|
|VC=limegreen|VE=dodgerblue|VN=dodgerblue|VU=limegreen
|WS=limegreen
|XK=limegreen
|YE=limegreen
|ZA=limegreen|ZM=limegreen|ZW=dodgerblue
|AD=turquoise|AT=turquoise|CA=turquoise|HR=turquoise|CY=turquoise|IE=turquoise|LI=turquoise|NL=turquoise|SI=turquoise|SK=turquoise|ES=turquoise|SE=turquoise
}}
| caption          = {{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|turquoise|Allowed for travel}}
{{leftlegend|limegreen|Eligible [[COVAX]] recipient}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;covaxinauthmap&quot;/&gt;
[[Covaxin]] is an [[inactivated vaccine|inactivated virus vaccine]] produced by the Indian company [[Bharat Biotech]] in collaboration with the [[Indian Council of Medical Research]]–[[National Institute of Virology]].

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;Covaxin_EN&quot;/&gt;1&lt;section end=&quot;Covaxin_EN&quot;/&gt;)
# India&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;/&gt;
;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;Covaxin_EN&quot;/&gt;19&lt;section end=&quot;Covaxin_EN&quot;/&gt;)
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 0.3em; column-width: 18em;&quot;&gt;
# Bahrain&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=11 November 2021|title=Bahrain authorizes COVAXIN for emergency use|work=[[Bahrain News Agency]]|url=https://www.bna.bh/en/BahrainauthorizesCOVAXINforemergencyuse.aspx?cms=q8FmFJgiscL2fwIzON1%2bDvdCpVGdtuusfPwcuTv4D1k%3d|access-date=29 January 2022|accessdate=6 July 2022|archivedate=29 September 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220929020808/https://www.bna.bh/en/BahrainauthorizesCOVAXINforemergencyuse.aspx?cms=q8FmFJgiscL2fwIzON1%2BDvdCpVGdtuusfPwcuTv4D1k%3D}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Botswana&lt;ref name=&quot;cov-200421&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/covid-19-bharat-biotech-ramps-up-covaxin-capacity-to-700-million-doses-per-annum/articleshow/82162467.cms|title=Covid-19: Bharat Biotech ramps up Covaxin capacity to 700 million doses per annum &amp;#124; India News |website=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Central African Republic&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Comoros&lt;ref name=&quot;cdctracker&quot;/&gt;
# Ethiopia&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot; /&gt;
# Guatemala&lt;ref name=&quot;cov-200421&quot;/&gt; (not used)&lt;ref name=&quot;auto23&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ais.paho.org/imm/IM_DosisAdmin-Vacunacion.asp|title=COVID-19 vaccine doses administered in the Americas|website=ais.paho.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Guyana&lt;ref name=&quot;cov-200421&quot;/&gt; (not used)&lt;ref name=&quot;auto23&quot;/&gt;
# Iran&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Iran issues permit for emergency use for three other COVID-19 vaccines: Official |url=https://en.irna.ir/news/84233593/Iran-issues-permit-for-emergency-use-for-three-other-COVID-19 |work=IRNA English |date=17 February 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Malaysia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=
https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2022/02/770394/covaxin-given-conditional-approval-under-emergency-use-protocols|title=Covaxin given conditional approval under emergency use protocols|website=nst.com.my|publisher=[[New Straits Times]]|date=10 February 2021|access-date=10 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Mauritius&lt;ref name=&quot;auto32&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Livemint|date=1 November 2021|title=5 more countries recognise India's Covid vaccination certificate. Details here|url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/five-more-countries-recognise-india-s-covid-vaccination-certificate-details-here-11635766929707.html|access-date=1 November 2021|website=mint}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Mexico&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||url=https://www.excelsior.com.mx/nacional/mexico-autoriza-covaxin-vacuna-de-emergencia-india/1441874|title=México autoriza Covaxin, la vacuna india contra covid-19|publisher=Excelsior|date=6 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; (not used)&lt;ref name=&quot;auto23&quot;/&gt;
# Myanmar&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Myanmar sees over 130,000 Covid-19 recoveries, just over 7,000 still in hospital |url=https://elevenmyanmar.com/news/myanmar-sees-over-130000-covid-19-recoveries-just-over-7000-still-in-hospital |work=[[Eleven Media Group]] |date=19 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Nepal&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Sharma|first=Gopal|date=19 March 2021|title=Nepal becomes third country to give emergency nod to Indian vaccine COVAXIN|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-nepal-india-idUSKBN2BB1KN|access-date=19 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Nicaragua&lt;ref name=&quot;cov-200421&quot;/&gt; (not used)&lt;ref name=&quot;auto23&quot;/&gt;
# Paraguay&lt;ref name=&quot;covaxin-py&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/covid19-india-provides-100-000-doses-of-covaxin-vaccine-to-paraguay-101617057324587.html|title=India provides 100,000 doses of Covaxin vaccine to Paraguay|work=Hindustan Times|date=30 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite tweet|number=1376615865068752896|user=MaritoAbdo|title=Acaban de llegar 100.000 dosis de vacunas contra el Covid-19, provenientes de la India. La prioridad es avanzar hacia la inmunización de todo el personal de blanco y luego la población de riesgo. Gracias a la República de la India por el apoyo.|date=30 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Philippines&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Philippine FDA issues full EUA to Bharat Biotech's Covaxin |url=https://mb.com.ph/2021/06/23/philippine-fda-issues-full-eua-to-bharat-biotechs-covaxin/ |publisher=Manila Bulletin |date=23 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=FDA grants full emergency use authorization for Covaxin |url=https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/6/25/COVAXIN-EUA-Philippines.html |publisher=CNN Philippines |date=25 June 2021 |accessdate=7 July 2021 |archivedate=3 July 2021 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703070449/https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/6/25/COVAXIN-EUA-Philippines.html }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Trinidad and Tobago&lt;ref name=&quot;newsday.co.tt&quot;/&gt;
# Venezuela&lt;ref name=&quot;cov-200421&quot;/&gt; (not used)&lt;ref name=&quot;auto23&quot;/&gt;
# Vietnam&lt;ref name=&quot;hk-vn-covaxin&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Covid-19: Hong Kong, Vietnam latest to approve Covaxin for emergency use |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/covid19-hong-kong-vietnam-latest-to-approve-covaxin-for-emergency-use-101636530349366.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=10 November 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Zimbabwe&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=4 March 2021|title=Zimbabwe approves Covaxin, first in Africa to okay India-made Covid-19 vaccine|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/zimbabwe-approves-covaxin-first-in-africa-to-okay-india-made-covid-19-vaccine-101614859597880.html|access-date=3 July 2021|website=Hindustan Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!-- not counted --&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;'''[[List of ISO 3166-1 codes|Non-country entities]]'''
* ''[[World Health Organization]]''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=India's first homegrown COVID-19 shot wins WHO emergency use listing |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/whos-advisory-group-recommends-emergency-listing-indias-first-homegrown-covid-19-2021-11-03/ |work=Reuters |date=3 November 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO PR 20211103&quot;&gt;{{cite press release | title=WHO issues emergency use listing for eighth COVID-19 vaccine | website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO) | url=https://www.who.int/news/item/03-11-2021-who-issues-emergency-use-listing-for-eighth-covid-19-vaccine | access-date=3 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
;Travel-only
{{div col|colwidth=18em}}
* Andorra&lt;ref name=&quot;auto24&quot;/&gt;
* Australia&lt;ref name=&quot;AU recognized&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;tga-covaxin-bibp&quot;/&gt;
* Austria&lt;ref name=&quot;auto10&quot;/&gt; (only for entry)
* Canada&lt;ref name=&quot;auto31&quot;/&gt;
* Costa Rica&lt;ref name=&quot;auto41&quot;/&gt;
* Croatia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto19&quot;/&gt;
* Cyprus&lt;ref name=&quot;auto15&quot;/&gt;
* Estonia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto26&quot;/&gt; (only if approved in a person's country of origin)
* Finland&lt;ref name=&quot;auto37&quot;/&gt;
* Greece&lt;ref name=&quot;auto27&quot;/&gt;
* Grenada&lt;ref name=&quot;auto8&quot;/&gt;
* Hong Kong&lt;ref name=&quot;HK&quot;/&gt;
* Iceland&lt;ref name=&quot;auto18&quot;/&gt;
* Ireland&lt;ref name=&quot;auto11&quot;/&gt;
* Kyrgyzstan&lt;ref name=&quot;auto32&quot;/&gt;
* Liechtenstein&lt;ref name=&quot;auto28&quot;/&gt;
* Mongolia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto32&quot;/&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;/&gt;
* Norway&lt;ref name=&quot;police1&quot;/&gt;
* Oman&lt;ref name=&quot;auto36&quot;/&gt;
* Palestine&lt;ref name=&quot;auto32&quot;/&gt;
* Palau&lt;ref name=&quot;palaugov.pw&quot;/&gt;
* Panama&lt;ref name=&quot;auto35&quot;/&gt;
* Portugal&lt;ref name=&quot;visitmadeira1&quot;/&gt; (only in Madeira)
* Saudi Arabia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://keralakaumudi.com/en/news/mobile/news.php?id=701543&amp;u= |title=Relief for expatriates: Saudi Arabia approves four more vaccines, including Covaxin |date=6 December 2021 |publisher=[[Kerala Kaumudi]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Singapore&lt;ref name=&quot;channelnewsasia.com&quot;/&gt;
* Slovakia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto29&quot;/&gt;
* Slovenia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto30&quot;/&gt;
* South Korea&lt;ref name=&quot;auto42&quot;/&gt;
* Spain&lt;ref name=&quot;auto40&quot;/&gt;
* Sri Lanka&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Sri Lanka green light for Covaxin: Opens quarantine free for fully jabbed Indian tourists |url=https://m.timesofindia.com/business/international-business/sri-lanka-green-light-for-covaxin-opens-quarantine-free-for-fully-jabbed-indian-tourists/articleshow/85594554.cms |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=24 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* St. Kitts and Nevis&lt;ref name=&quot;auto33&quot;/&gt;
* St. Lucia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto17&quot;/&gt;
* St. Vincent and the Grenadines&lt;ref name=&quot;auto21&quot;/&gt;
* Sweden&lt;ref name=&quot;auto38&quot;/&gt;
* Switzerland&lt;ref name=&quot;auto39&quot;/&gt;
* Thailand&lt;ref name=&quot;ThailandPass&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Thailand Pass FAQs |url=https://consular.mfa.go.th/th/content/thailand-pass-faqs-2 |website=Department of Consular Affairs |access-date=11 January 2022 |accessdate=6 July 2022 |archivedate=30 June 2022 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220630074407/https://consular.mfa.go.th/th/content/thailand-pass-faqs-2 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* The Netherlands&lt;ref name=&quot;auto25&quot;/&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;auto12&quot;/&gt;
* Ukraine&lt;ref name=&quot;auto22&quot;/&gt;
* United Kingdom&lt;ref name=&quot;auto34&quot;/&gt;
* United States&lt;ref name=&quot;auto16&quot;/&gt;
{{div col end}}
{{clear}}

== Convidecia ==
&lt;section begin=&quot;convideciaauthmap&quot;/&gt;
{{infobox|image={{Graph:Map|scale=50|defaultValue=gainsboro
|AR=dodgerblue
|CL=dodgerblue
|CN=blueviolet
|EC=dodgerblue
|HK=turquoise
|HU=dodgerblue
|ID=dodgerblue
|MD=dodgerblue
|MX=dodgerblue
|MY=dodgerblue
|NZ=turquoise
|PK=dodgerblue
|TR=turquoise
}}
|caption=
{{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|turquoise|Allowed for travel}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;convideciaauthmap&quot;/&gt;
[[Ad5-nCoV|Convidecia]] is a [[viral vector vaccine]]&lt;ref name=&quot;zhu7-20&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|display-authors=6|vauthors=Zhu FC, Guan XH, Li YH, Huang JY, Jiang T, Hou LH, Li JX, Yang BF, Wang L, Wang WJ, Wu SP, Wang Z, Wu XH, Xu JJ, Zhang Z, Jia SY, Wang BS, Hu Y, Liu JJ, Zhang J, Qian XA, Li Q, Pan HX, Jiang HD, Deng P, Gou JB, Wang XW, Wang XH, Chen W|date=August 2020|title=Immunogenicity and safety of a recombinant adenovirus type-5-vectored COVID-19 vaccine in healthy adults aged 18 years or older: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial|journal=Lancet|volume=396|issue=10249|pages=479–88|doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(20)31605-6|pmc=7836858|pmid=32702299|doi-access=free|title-link=doi}}&lt;/ref&gt; produced by the Chinese company [[CanSino Biologics]] and the Beijing Institute of Biotechnology of the [[Academy of Military Medical Sciences]].

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;Convidecia_FN&quot;/&gt;1&lt;section end=&quot;Convidecia_FN&quot;/&gt;)
# China&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=China approves two more domestic COVID-19 vaccines for public use |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-china-vaccine-idUSKBN2AP1MW |access-date=16 March 2021 |publisher=Reuters |date=25 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;Convidecia_EN&quot;/&gt;9&lt;section end=&quot;Convidecia_EN&quot;/&gt;)
# Argentina&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=11 June 2021|title=Argentina issues emergency approval to China's single-dose Cansino COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/argentina-issues-emergency-approval-chinas-single-dose-cansino-covid-19-vaccine-2021-06-11/|access-date=11 June 2021|website=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Chile&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=ISP Approves Emergency Use And Importation Of Cansino Vaccine To Fight COVID-19|url=https://www.ispch.cl/noticia/isp-aprueba-uso-de-emergencia-e-importacion-de-la-vacuna-covid-19-de-laboratorio-cansino/|access-date=8 April 2021|website=Institute of Public Health of Chile}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Ecuador&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=15 June 2021|title=Ecuador authorizes use of China's CanSino vaccine against COVID-19|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/ecuador-authorizes-use-chinas-cansino-vaccine-against-covid-19-2021-06-15/|access-date=16 June 2021|website=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Hungary&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title=China's CanSino Biologics COVID-19 vaccine receives emergency use approval in Hungary | publisher=MSN | date=22 March 2021 | url=https://www.msn.com/en-xl/europe/top-stories/china-s-cansino-biologics-covid-19-vaccine-receives-emergency-use-approval-in-hungary/ar-BB1eOIEV | access-date=22 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;WashPost Hungary&quot; /&gt;
# Indonesia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto6&quot;/&gt;
# Malaysia&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Govt approves Pfizer jabs for 12-year-olds and above, CanSino and Johnson &amp; Johnson vaccines get conditional registration, says Health DG|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2021/06/15/govt-approves-pfizer-jabs-for-12-year-olds-and-above-conditional-approval-for-cansino-and-johnson--johnson-vaccines-says-health-dg|access-date=15 June 2021|website=The Star}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Mexico&lt;ref name=&quot;AD5 mexico&quot;/&gt;
# Moldova&lt;ref name=&quot;msmps.gov.md&quot;/&gt;
# Pakistan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | last1=Shahzad |first1=Asif |title=Pakistan approves Chinese CanSinoBIO COVID vaccine for emergency use |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-pakistan-vaccine/pakistan-approves-chinese-cansinobio-covid-vaccine-for-emergency-use-idUSKBN2AC1FG |publisher=Reuters |access-date=12 February 2021 |date=12 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!-- not counted --&gt;&lt;br /&gt;'''[[List of ISO 3166-1 codes|Non-country entities]]'''
* ''[[World Health Organization]]''
;Travel-only
* Hong Kong&lt;ref name=&quot;HK&quot;/&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;/&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot;/&gt;
{{clear}}

== Sinopharm WIBP ==
&lt;section begin=&quot;wibpauthmap&quot;/&gt;
{{infobox|image={{Graph:Map|scale=50|defaultValue=gainsboro
|AE=dodgerblue
|CN=blueviolet
|HK=turquoise
|MK=dodgerblue
|MY=turquoise
|NZ=turquoise
|PE=dodgerblue
|PH=dodgerblue
|TR=turquoise
|VE=dodgerblue
}}
|caption=
{{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|turquoise|Allowed for travel}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;wibpauthmap&quot;/&gt;
The [[Sinopharm WIBP COVID-19 vaccine]] is an [[inactivated vaccine|inactivated virus vaccine]] produced by the [[China National Pharmaceutical Group]] (Sinopharm) and its [[Wuhan Institute of Biological Products]].

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;Sinopharm-WIBP_FN&quot;/&gt;1&lt;section end=&quot;Sinopharm-WIBP_FN&quot;/&gt;)
# China&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Wee|first=Sui-Lee|date=25 February 2021|title=China approves two more Covid-19 vaccines.|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2021/02/25/world/covid-19-coronavirus|access-date=1 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;Sinopharm-WIBP_EN&quot;/&gt;5&lt;section end=&quot;Sinopharm-WIBP_EN&quot;/&gt;)
# North Macedonia&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Peru&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;
# Philippines&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author1=De Vera, Analou |title=FDA grants EUA to COVID-19 vaccine Sinopharm manufactured by Wuhan affiliate |url=https://mb.com.ph/2021/08/25/fda-grants-eua-to-covid-19-vaccine-sinopharm-manufactured-by-wuhan-affiliate/ |publisher=Manila Bulletin |date=25 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# United Arab Emirates&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT vaccine tracker&quot; /&gt;
# Venezuela&lt;ref name=&quot;whotracker&quot;/&gt;

;Travel-only
* Hong Kong&lt;ref name=&quot;HK&quot;/&gt;
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot;/&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;/&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot;/&gt;
{{clear}}

== Abdala ==
&lt;section begin=&quot;abdalaauthmap&quot;/&gt;
{{infobox|image={{Graph:Map|scale=50|defaultValue=gainsboro
|CU=dodgerblue
|GY=turquoise
|KH=turquoise
|LC=turquoise
|MX=dodgerblue
|MY=turquoise
|NI=dodgerblue
|NZ=turquoise
|TR=turquoise
|UY=turquoise
|VC=turquoise
|VE=dodgerblue
|VN=dodgerblue
}}
|caption=
{{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|turquoise|Allowed for travel}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;abdalaauthmap&quot;/&gt;
[[Abdala (vaccine)|Abdala]] is a [[subunit vaccine]] developed by the [[Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology]] in [[Cuba]].

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;Abdala_FN&quot;/&gt;0&lt;section end=&quot;Abdala_FN&quot;/&gt;)

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;Abdala_EN&quot;/&gt;6&lt;section end=&quot;Abdala_EN&quot;/&gt;)
# Cuba&lt;ref name=&quot;Cubarollout&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=9 July 2021|title=COVID: Cuba approves emergency use of own Abdala vaccine|work=Deutsche Welle|url=https://www.dw.com/en/covid-cuba-approves-emergency-use-of-own-abdala-vaccine/a-58222105|access-date=9 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||title=Aprueba el CECMED el Autorizo de Uso de Emergencia del candidato vacunal cubano ABDALA {{!}} CECMED|url=https://www.cecmed.cu/noticias/aprueba-cecmed-autorizo-uso-emergencia-candidato-vacunal-cubano-abdala|access-date=9 July 2021|website=www.cecmed.cu|language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Mexico&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=29 December 2021|title=Cofepris emite autorización para uso de emergencia de vacuna Abdala|url=https://www.gob.mx/cofepris/articulos/cofepris-emite-autorizacion-para-uso-de-emergencia-de-vacuna-abdala|access-date=29 December 2021|website=www.gob.mx/cofepris|language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Nicaragua&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Nicaragua authorises two COVID-19 vaccines from Cuba, Cuban firm says|url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/nicaragua-authorises-two-covid-19-vaccines-cuba-cuban-firm-says-2021-10-02/ |access-date= 4 October 2021|publisher=Reuters |date=2 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# St. Vincent and the Grenadines&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Vincentians have access to Cuban Abdala vaccine {{!}} Loop Caribbean News|url=https://caribbean.loopnews.com/content/vincentians-have-access-cuban-abdala-vaccine|access-date=28 December 2021|website=Loop News|accessdate=6 July 2022|archivedate=25 April 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220425033824/https://caribbean.loopnews.com/content/vincentians-have-access-cuban-abdala-vaccine}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=28 December 2021|title=St Vincent, The Grenadines to use Cuba's Abdala vaccine|work=Political Lore|url=https://www.politicallore.com/st-vincent-the-grenadines-to-use-cubas-abdala-vaccine/27626|access-date=13 January 2022|accessdate=6 July 2022|archivedate=12 August 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812182942/https://www.politicallore.com/st-vincent-the-grenadines-to-use-cubas-abdala-vaccine/27626}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Venezuela&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Venezuela receives first shipment of Cuban coronavirus vaccine |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/venezuela-receives-first-shipment-cuban-coronavirus-vaccine-2021-06-24/ |access-date=3 July 2021 |publisher=Reuters |date=25 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Vietnam&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT vaccine tracker&quot;/&gt;

;Travel-only
* Cambodia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.khmertimeskh.com/50971131/list-of-covid-19-vaccines-recognised-by-cambodia-for-quarantine-free-international-entry/|title = List of COVID-19 vaccines recognised by Cambodia for quarantine free international entry - Khmer Times|date = 15 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Colombia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Conozca las 20 vacunas aceptadas para el ingreso de viajeros a Colombia|url=https://www.cali.gov.co/publicaciones/165988/conozca-las-20-vacunas-aceptadas-para-el-ingreso-de-viajeros-a-colombia/|access-date=15 December 2021|website=www.cali.gov.co|language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Guyana&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=November 2021 |title=Requirements for Port Entry into Guyana |url=https://www.health.gov.gy/images/travel_requirement.pdf#page=2 |access-date=2 March 2022 |website=www.health.gov.gy/index.php/component/k2/item/304-travel-guidelines |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=December 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=19 January 2022 |title=Travel Restrictions Entering Guyana from Cuba |url=https://airheart.com/travel-bans/from/cuba/to/guyana |access-date=2 March 2022 |website=airheart.com/travel-bans |language=en |accessdate=6 July 2022 |archivedate=2 March 2022 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302141904/https://airheart.com/travel-bans/from/cuba/to/guyana }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot;/&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;/&gt;
* St. Lucia&lt;ref name=&quot;auto17&quot;/&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot;/&gt;
* Uruguay&lt;ref name=&quot;auto14&quot;/&gt; (only if accepted in the country of the person's origin)
{{clear}}

== EpiVacCorona ==
&lt;section begin=&quot;epivac-coronaauthmap&quot;/&gt;
{{infobox|image={{Graph:Map|scale=50|defaultValue=gainsboro
|TM=blueviolet|TR=turquoise
|RU=dodgerblue
|BY=dodgerblue
|NZ=turquoise
|KH=dodgerblue
|VE=dodgerblue
|MY=turquoise
}}
|caption=
{{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|turquoise|Allowed for travel}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;epivac-coronaauthmap&quot;/&gt;
[[EpiVacCorona]] is a [[peptide vaccine]] produced by the Russian [[State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR]]&lt;wbr /&gt;.&lt;ref name=&quot;NCT045275753&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=22 September 2020|title=Study of the Safety, Reactogenicity and Immunogenicity of &quot;EpiVacCorona&quot; Vaccine for the Prevention of COVID-19 (EpiVacCorona)|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04527575|access-date=16 November 2020|website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]]|publisher=[[United States National Library of Medicine]]|id=NCT04368988}}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;EpiVacCorona_FN&quot;/&gt;1&lt;section end=&quot;EpiVacCorona_FN&quot;/&gt;)
# Turkmenistan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title= Turkmenistan registers vaccines for the prevention of infectious diseases |url=https://tdh.gov.tm/en/post/25911/turkmenistan-registers-vaccines-prevention-infectious-diseases |work=Turkmenistan Today |date=29 January 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Russian vaccine &quot;EpiVacCorona&quot; was registered in Turkmenistan |url=https://www.en24news.com/e/2021/01/russian-vaccine-epivaccorona-was-registered-in-turkmenistan.html |work=EN24 |date=29 January 2021 |accessdate=7 July 2021 |archivedate=19 March 2021 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210319140314/https://www.en24news.com/error }}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;EpiVacCorona_EN&quot;/&gt;4&lt;section end=&quot;EpiVacCorona_EN&quot;/&gt;)
# Belarus&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=3 February 2021|title=Belarus receives Russia's EpiVacCorona vaccine|url=https://eng.belta.by/society/view/belarus-receives-russias-epivaccorona-vaccine-137131-2021/|access-date=5 April 2021|website=Belta}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Cambodia&lt;ref name=&quot;TrackVax&quot;/&gt;
# Russia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title = О регистрации вакцины ФБУН ГНЦ ВБ &quot;Вектор&quot; Роспотребнадзора &quot;ЭпиВакКорона&quot; | website = Rospotrebnadzor | url = https://www.rospotrebnadzor.ru/region/rss/rss.php?ELEMENT_ID=15660 | date = 14 October 2020 | language = ru | accessdate = 7 July 2021 | archivedate = 1 November 2020 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20201101010437/https://www.rospotrebnadzor.ru/region/rss/rss.php?ELEMENT_ID=15660 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title = Russia's EpiVacCorona vaccine post-registration trials started | publisher=The Pharma Letter |url = https://www.thepharmaletter.com/article/russia-s-epivaccorona-vaccine-post-registration-trials-started |date=18 November 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Venezuela&lt;ref name=&quot;TrackVax&quot;/&gt;

;Travel-only
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot;/&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;/&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot;/&gt;
{{clear}}

== Zifivax ==
&lt;section begin=&quot;rbd-dimerauthmap&quot;/&gt;
{{infobox|image={{Graph:Map|scale=50|defaultValue=gainsboro
|CN=dodgerblue
|HK=turquoise
|ID=dodgerblue
|MY=turquoise
|NZ=turquoise
|PK=dodgerblue
|TR=turquoise
|UZ=dodgerblue
}}
|caption=
{{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|turquoise|Allowed for travel}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;rbd-dimerauthmap&quot;/&gt;
[[ZF2001|Zifivax]] is a [[subunit vaccine]] produced by the Chinese company [[Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biopharmaceutical]].&lt;ref name=&quot;london2&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=1 March 2021|title=COVID-19 vaccine development pipeline (Refresh URL to update)|url=https://vac-lshtm.shinyapps.io/ncov_vaccine_landscape/|access-date=10 March 2021|publisher=Vaccine Centre, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine}}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;Zifivax_FN&quot;/&gt;0&lt;section end=&quot;Zifivax_FN&quot;/&gt;)

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;Zifivax_EN&quot;/&gt;5&lt;section end=&quot;Zifivax_EN&quot;/&gt;)
# China&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Liu|first=Roxanne|date=15 March 2021|title=China IMCAS's COVID-19 vaccine obtained emergency use approval in China|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-china-vaccine-idUSL4N2LD3BZ|access-date=15 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Colombia&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=de 2022 |first=26 de Enero |title=Invima recomienda el uso de emergencia de Zifivax, otra vacuna anticovid producida en China |url=https://www.infobae.com/america/colombia/2022/01/27/invima-recomienda-el-uso-de-emergencia-de-zifivax-otra-vacuna-anticovid-producida-en-china/ |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=infobae |language=es-ES}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Indonesia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=7 October 2021|title=BPOM Setujui Penggunaan Dalam Kedaruratan Vaksin Zifivax|url=https://republika.co.id/berita/nasional/umum/r0ljxq436/bpom-setujui-penggunaan-dalam-kedaruratan-vaksin-zifivax|access-date=7 October 2021|work=Republika.co.id|language=id}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Pakistan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pakistan gears up for China's &quot;ZF-2001 vaccine&quot;--China Economic Net|url=http://en.ce.cn/Insight/202111/08/t20211108_37068436.shtml|access-date=30 November 2021|website=en.ce.cn}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Uzbekistan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | last1=Mamatkulov |first1=Mukhammadsharif |title=Uzbekistan approves Chinese-developed COVID-19 vaccine |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uzbekistan-china-coronavirus-vaccine/uzbekistan-approves-chinese-developed-covid-19-vaccine-idUSS0N2IK00P |publisher=Reuters |access-date=2 March 2021 |date=1 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Travel-only
* Hong Kong&lt;ref name=&quot;HK&quot;/&gt;
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot;/&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;/&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot;/&gt;
{{clear}}

== Soberana 02 ==
&lt;section begin=&quot;soberana2authmap&quot;/&gt;
{{infobox|image={{Graph:Map|scale=50|defaultValue=gainsboro
|CU=dodgerblue
|GY=turquoise
|HU=turquoise
|IR=dodgerblue
|MY=turquoise
|NI=dodgerblue|NZ=turquoise
|TR=turquoise
|VE=dodgerblue
}}
|caption=
{{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|turquoise|Allowed for travel}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;soberana2authmap&quot;/&gt;
[[Soberana 02]], is a [[conjugate vaccine]] developed by the [[Finlay Institute]] in [[Cuba]].&lt;ref name=&quot;finlayIran&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Autorizo de emergencia SOBERANA 02 en Irán |url=https://www.finlay.edu.cu/blog/autorizo-de-emergencia-soberana-02-en-iran/ |website=finlay.edu.cu |publisher=Instituto Finlay de Vacunas |access-date=6 July 2021 |date=1 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;Soberana 02_FN&quot;/&gt;0&lt;section end=&quot;Soberana 02_FN&quot;/&gt;)

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;Soberana 02_EN&quot;/&gt;4&lt;section end=&quot;Soberana 02_EN&quot;/&gt;)
# Cuba&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Cuba grants emergency approval to second homegrown COVID-19 vaccine |url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/scitech/science/800262/cuba-grants-emergency-approval-to-second-homegrown-covid-19-vaccine/story/ |publisher=GMA News |date=21 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Iran&lt;ref name=&quot;finlayIran&quot;/&gt;
# Nicaragua&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Nicaragua authorises two COVID-19 vaccines from Cuba, Cuban firm says|url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/nicaragua-authorises-two-covid-19-vaccines-cuba-cuban-firm-says-2021-10-02/|publisher=Reuters |date =2 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Venezuela&lt;ref name=&quot;TrackVax&quot;/&gt;

;Travel-only
* Guyana&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot; /&gt;
* Hungary&lt;ref name=&quot;hungarytoday.hu&quot;&gt;{{cite web|date=16 December 2021|title=Iran and Hungary to Mutually Honour Immunity Certificates|url=https://hungarytoday.hu/hungary-iran-immunity-certificate-szijjarto/|access-date=19 December 2021|website=Hungary Today}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot;/&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot; /&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot;/&gt;

== CoviVac ==
&lt;section begin=&quot;covivacauthmap&quot; /&gt;
{{infobox
| image            = {{Graph:Map|scale=50|defaultValue=gainsboro
|BY=dodgerblue
|KH=dodgerblue
|MY=turquoise
|NZ=turquoise
|RU=dodgerblue
|TR=turquoise
}}
| caption          = {{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|turquoise|Allowed for travel}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;covivacauthmap&quot; /&gt;
[[CoviVac (Russia COVID-19 vaccine)|CoviVac]] is an [[inactivated vaccine|inactivated virus vaccine]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ryumin&quot; /&gt; produced by the Chumakov Centre at the [[Russian Academy of Sciences]].&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=18 January 2021|title=Briefing with Deputy Prime Minister Tatyana Golikova, Health Minister Mikhail Murashko and Head of Rospotrebnadzor Anna Popova|url=http://government.ru/en/news/41342/|access-date=20 February 2021|publisher=Government of Russia}}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;CoviVac_FN&quot; /&gt;0&lt;section end=&quot;CoviVac_FN&quot; /&gt;)

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;CoviVac_EN&quot; /&gt;3&lt;section end=&quot;CoviVac_EN&quot; /&gt;)
# Belarus&lt;ref&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=16 December 2021|title=Минздрав выдал разрешение на ввоз и применение вакцины КовиВак|url=http://minzdrav.gov.by/ru/novoe-na-sayte/minzdrav-vydal-razreshenie-na-vvoz-i-primenenie-vaktsiny-kovivak/|publisher=Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus|language=RU}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Cambodia&lt;ref name=&quot;TrackVax&quot; /&gt;
# Russia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=20 February 2021 |title=Russia approves its third COVID-19 vaccine, CoviVac |publisher=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-russia-vaccine/russia-approves-its-third-covid-19-vaccine-covivac-idUKKBN2AK07H}}&lt;/ref&gt;
; Travel-only
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot; /&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot; /&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot; /&gt;

== QazCovid-in ==
&lt;section begin=&quot;qazcovid-inauthmap&quot;/&gt;
{{infobox|image={{Graph:Map|scale=50|defaultValue=gainsboro
|KZ=dodgerblue
|KG=dodgerblue
|MY=turquoise
|NZ=turquoise
|TR=turquoise
}}
|caption=
{{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|turquoise|Allowed for travel}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;qazcovid-inauthmap&quot;/&gt;
[[QazCovid-in]], also known as QazVac, is an [[inactivated vaccine|inactivated virus vaccine]] developed by the Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems in Kazakhstan.&lt;ref name=&quot;qazvac&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=A new vaccine on the scene: Kazakhstan begins rollout of homegrown QazVac |date=26 April 2021 |url=https://fortune.com/2021/04/26/new-covid-19-vaccine-kazakhstan-qazvac/ |website=Fortune}}&lt;/ref&gt;
;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;QazCovid-in_FN&quot;/&gt;0&lt;section end=&quot;QazCovid-in_FN&quot;/&gt;)

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;QazCovid-in_EN&quot;/&gt;2&lt;section end=&quot;QazCovid-in_EN&quot;/&gt;)
# Kazakhstan&lt;ref name=&quot;qazvac&quot;/&gt;
# Kyrgyzstan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | title=Vaccination against COVID-19: QazVac registered in Kyrgyzstan
 |url=https://24.kg/english/204508_Vaccination_against_COVID-19_QazVac_registered_in_Kyrgyzstan/ |publisher=24.kg |date=19 August 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | title=Kyrgyzstan to start using Kazakh-made QazVac after expert review|url=https://www.eureporter.co/world/kazakhstan/2021/08/19/kyrgyzstan-to-start-using-kazakh-made-qazvac-after-expert-review/ |publisher=Eureporter |date=19 August 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=The Covid-19 Vaccine Qazvac Is Firstly Registrated Abroad |url=https://www.biosafety.kz/en/uncategorized/%d0%b2%d0%b0%d0%ba%d1%86%d0%b8%d0%bd%d0%b0-qazvac-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%be%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%b2-covid-19-%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%83%d1%87%d0%b8%d0%bb%d0%b0-%d0%bf%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b2%d1%83%d1%8e-%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b3/ |publisher=Biosafety.kz |date=18 August 2021 |accessdate=6 October 2021 |archivedate=18 April 2022 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220418235422/https://www.biosafety.kz/en/uncategorized/%d0%b2%d0%b0%d0%ba%d1%86%d0%b8%d0%bd%d0%b0-qazvac-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%be%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%b2-covid-19-%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%83%d1%87%d0%b8%d0%bb%d0%b0-%d0%bf%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b2%d1%83%d1%8e-%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b3/ }}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Travel-only
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot;/&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;/&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot;/&gt;
{{-}}

== Minhai ==
&lt;section begin=&quot;Minhaiauthmap&quot;/&gt;
{{infobox|image={{Graph:Map|scale=50|defaultValue=gainsboro
|CN=dodgerblue
|ID=dodgerblue
|MY=turquoise
|NZ=turquoise
|TR=turquoise
}}
|caption=
{{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|turquoise|Allowed for travel}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;Minhaiauthmap&quot;/&gt;[[Minhai COVID-19 vaccine]], is an [[inactivated vaccine|inactivated virus vaccine]] developed by Minhai Biotechnology Co. and [[Shenzhen Kangtai Biological Products]] Co. Ltd. in China.&lt;ref name=&quot;MinhaiEUA&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Reuters Staff|date=14 May 2021|title=Kangtai Biological's COVID-19 vaccine gets emergency use approval in China|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-vaccine-kangtai-idUSKBN2CV1F6|access-date=20 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;Minhai_FN&quot;/&gt;0&lt;section end=&quot;Minhai_FN&quot;/&gt;)

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;Minhai_EN&quot;/&gt;2&lt;section end=&quot;Minhai_EN&quot;/&gt;)
# China&lt;ref name=&quot;MinhaiEUA&quot;/&gt;
# Indonesia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Co.,Ltd|first=Shenzhen Kangtai Biological Products|title=BioKangtai's adenovirus vector COVID-19 vaccine obtained EUA in Indonesia|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/biokangtais-adenovirus-vector-covid-19-vaccine-obtained-eua-in-indonesia-301415162.html|access-date=30 November 2021|website=PR Newswire}}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Travel-only
* Hong Kong&lt;ref name=&quot;HK&quot;/&gt;
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot;/&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;/&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot;/&gt;

== Medigen ==
&lt;section begin=&quot;medigenauthmap&quot; /&gt;
{{infobox
| image            = {{Graph:Map|scale=50|defaultValue=gainsboro
|BZ=turquoise
|ID=turquoise
|MY=turquoise
|NZ=turquoise
|PW=turquoise
|PY=dodgerblue
|SOMALILAND=dodgerblue
|TH=turquoise
|TR=turquoise
|TW=dodgerblue
}}
| caption          = {{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|turquoise|Allowed for travel}}
}}

&lt;section end=&quot;medigenauthmap&quot; /&gt;
[[MVC COVID-19 vaccine|MVC-COV1901]], is a [[Protein subunit|protein subunit vaccine]] developed by [[Taiwan]]'s Medigen Vaccine Biologics and Dynavax Technologies.&lt;ref name=&quot;MVCTW&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=19 July 2021 |title=Taiwan approves Medigen's COVID-19 vaccine candidate |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/taiwan-approves-production-medigens-covid-19-vaccine-candidate-2021-07-19/ |access-date=19 July 2021 |publisher=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;
;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;Medigen_FN&quot; /&gt;0&lt;section end=&quot;Medigen_FN&quot; /&gt;)

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;Medigen_EN&quot; /&gt;2&lt;section end=&quot;Medigen_EN&quot; /&gt;)
# Taiwan&lt;ref name=&quot;MVCTW&quot; /&gt;
# Paraguay&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=2022-02-14 |title=Paraguay aprueba vacuna taiwanesa Medigen para uso de emergencia |agency=Diario HOY |url=https://www.hoy.com.py/nacionales/paraguay-aprueba-vacuna-taiwanesa-medigen-para-uso-de-emergencia}}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Non-country entities
* Somaliland&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=28 December 2021 |title=Taiwan to donate domestic COVID-19 vaccines to Somaliland |url=https://focustaiwan.tw/politics/202112280007 |access-date=7 January 2022 |website=Focus Taiwan}}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Travel-only
* Belize&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=30 November 2021 |title=MOHW Approves Entry for Persons with the Taiwanese Medigen Jab |url=https://lovefm.com/mohw-approves-entry-for-persons-with-the-taiwanese-medigen-jab/ |access-date=8 January 2022 |website=Love FM News |accessdate=6 July 2022 |archivedate=7 January 2022 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107161153/https://lovefm.com/mohw-approves-entry-for-persons-with-the-taiwanese-medigen-jab/ }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Indonesia&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=16 November 2021 |title=Negara yang mengakui vaksin Medigen menjadi 4 negara |url=https://news.pts.org.tw/article/554169 |access-date=8 January 2022 |website=PTS news}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot; /&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot; /&gt;
* Palau&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=COVID-19 Pandemic Entry Requirements – PalauGov.pw |url=https://www.palaugov.pw/travel/ |access-date=24 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Thailand&lt;ref name=&quot;ThailandPass&quot; /&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot; /&gt;

== Corbevax ==
[[Corbevax]] is a [[Protein subunit|protein]] [[subunit vaccine]] developed by Texas Children's Hospital at the [[Baylor College of Medicine]] in [[Houston, Texas]], and licensed to Indian biopharmaceutical firm [[Biological E. Limited]] (BioE) for development and production.&lt;ref name=&quot;vacxine2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Raghavan |first=Prabha |name-list-style=vanc |date=10 June 2021 |title=Explained: How is Biological E's Corbevax different? |website=The Indian Express |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/corbevax-vaccine-biological-e-india-7344928/ |access-date=29 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;Corbevax_FN&quot; /&gt;0&lt;section end=&quot;Corbevax_FN&quot; /&gt;)

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;Corbevax_EN&quot; /&gt;2&lt;section end=&quot;Corbevax_EN&quot; /&gt;)
# India&lt;ref name=&quot;vacxine2&quot; /&gt;
# Botswana&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2022-03-28 |title=Botswana Approves Corbevax Covid Vaccine, Plans Local Output |language=en |work=Bloomberg.com |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-03-28/botswana-approves-corbevax-covid-vaccine-plans-local-output |access-date=2022-06-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Travel-only
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot; /&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot; /&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot; /&gt;

== COVIran Barekat ==
&lt;!-- &lt;section begin=&quot;coviranauthmap&quot;/&gt;
{{infobox|image={{Graph:Map|scale=50|defaultValue=gainsboro
|HU=turquoise
|IR=dodgerblue
|MY=turquoise
|NZ=turquoise
|TR=turquoise
}}
|caption=
{{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|turquoise|Allowed for travel}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;coviranauthmap&quot;/&gt; --&gt;
[[COVIran Barekat]], is an [[inactivated vaccine|inactivated virus vaccine]] developed by Shifa Pharmed Industrial Co. in Iran.&lt;ref name=&quot;ShifaEUA&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Cite web||date=14 June 2021|title=Iran issues license on its coronavirus vaccine|url=https://en.trend.az/iran/society/3439812.html|access-date=14 June 2021|website=Trend.Az}}&lt;/ref&gt;
;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;COVIran Barakat_FN&quot;/&gt;0&lt;section end=&quot;COVIran Barakat_FN&quot;/&gt;)

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;COVIran Barekat_EN&quot;/&gt;1&lt;section end=&quot;COVIran Barekat_EN&quot;/&gt;)
# Iran&lt;ref name=&quot;ShifaEUA&quot;/&gt;

;Travel-only
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot;/&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;/&gt;
* Hungary&lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceB&quot;&gt;{{cite web|date=16 December 2021|title=Iran and Hungary to Mutually Honour Immunity Certificates|url=https://hungarytoday.hu/hungary-iran-immunity-certificate-szijjarto/|access-date=18 December 2021|website=Hungary Today}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*Turkey&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=10 April 2019|title=Vaccinations for Turkey: Do I need an Approved COVID Vaccine?|url=https://www.visasturkey.com/vaccinations-for-turkey/|access-date=26 December 2021|website=Turkey Visa|accessdate=25 December 2021|archivedate=16 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116191928/https://www.visasturkey.com/vaccinations-for-turkey/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences ==
&lt;!-- &lt;section begin=&quot;Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences authmap&quot;/&gt;
{{infobox|image={{Graph:Map|scale=50|defaultValue=gainsboro
|CN=dodgerblue
|HK=turquoise
|NZ=turquoise
}}
|caption=
{{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
{{leftlegend|turquoise|Allowed for travel}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences authmap&quot;/&gt; --&gt;
[[Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences COVID-19 vaccine]], is an [[inactivated vaccine|inactivated virus vaccine]] developed by [[Peking Union Medical College|Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences]].&lt;ref name=&quot;IMBCAMSEUA&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=Liu |first1=Roxanne |last2=Woo |first2=Ryan |title=China builds new plant for IMBCAMS COVID-19 vaccine -state media |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/china-builds-new-plant-imbcams-covid-19-vaccine-state-media-2021-06-09/ |access-date=15 June 2021 |work=Reuters |date=9 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences_FN&quot;/&gt;0&lt;section end=&quot;Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences_FN&quot;/&gt;)

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences_EN&quot;/&gt;1&lt;section end=&quot;Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences_EN&quot;/&gt;)
# China&lt;ref name=&quot;IMBCAMSEUA&quot;/&gt;

;Travel-only
* Hong Kong&lt;ref name=&quot;HK&quot;/&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;/&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot;/&gt;

*

== ZyCoV-D ==
[[ZyCoV-D]], is a [[DNA vaccine|DNA plasmid]] based [[COVID-19 vaccine]] developed by the Indian pharmaceutical company [[Cadila Healthcare]] with support from the [[Department of Biotechnology|Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council]].&lt;ref name=&quot;zycov-d&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=India gives emergency approval for world's first COVID-19 DNA vaccine |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/india-approves-zydus-cadilas-covid-19-vaccine-emergency-use-2021-08-20/ |work=Reuters |date=20 August 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;ZyCoV-D_FN&quot;/&gt;0&lt;section end=&quot;ZyCoV-D_FN&quot;/&gt;)

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;ZyCoV-D_EN&quot;/&gt;1&lt;section end=&quot;ZyCoV-D_EN&quot;/&gt;)
# India&lt;ref name=&quot;zycov-d&quot;/&gt;

;Travel-only
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot;/&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;/&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot;/&gt;

== FAKHRAVAC ==
&lt;!--&lt;section begin=&quot;fakhravacauthmap&quot;/&gt;
{{infobox|image={{Graph:Map|scale=50|defaultValue=gainsboro
|IR=dodgerblue
|NZ=turquoise
|HU=turquoise
}}
|caption=
{{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;fakhravacauthmap&quot;/&gt; --&gt;
[[FAKHRAVAC]] (or MIVAC), is an [[inactivated vaccine|inactivated virus vaccine]] developed in Iran by the [[Organization of Defensive Innovation and Research]], an organization of [[Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics (Iran)|Iran's Ministry of Defense]].&lt;ref name=&quot;FakhraVacEUA&quot;&gt;{{cite web|date=9 September 2021|title=Iran Authorizes Emergency Use of Third Homegrown Vaccine - Defense news|url=https://www.tasnimnews.com/en/news/2021/09/09/2568712/iran-authorizes-emergency-use-of-third-homegrown-vaccine|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210909123956/https://www.tasnimnews.com/en/news/2021/09/09/2568712/iran-authorizes-emergency-use-of-third-homegrown-vaccine|archive-date=9 September 2021|access-date=9 September 2021|website=Tasnim News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;
;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;FAKHRAVAC_FN&quot;/&gt;0&lt;section end=&quot;FAKHRAVAC_FN&quot;/&gt;)

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;FAKHRAVAC_EN&quot;/&gt;1&lt;section end=&quot;FAKHRAVAC_EN&quot;/&gt;)
# Iran&lt;ref name=&quot;FakhraVacEUA&quot;/&gt;

;Travel-only
* Hungary&lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceB&quot;/&gt;
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot;/&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;/&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot;/&gt;

== COVAX-19 ==
&lt;!-- &lt;section begin=&quot;COVAX19authmap&quot;/&gt;
{{infobox|image={{Graph:Map|scale=50|defaultValue=gainsboro
|IR=dodgerblue
|MY=turquoise
|NZ=turquoise
|HU=turquoise
}}
|caption=
{{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;COVAX19authmap&quot;/&gt; --&gt;
[[COVAX-19]], also known as SpikoGen, is a [[subunit vaccine|protein subunit vaccine]] jointly developed by Australian-based company Vaxine and Iran-based company [[Cinnagen|CinnaGen]].&lt;ref name=&quot;COVAX19EUA&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Iran issues emergency permit for new local Covid-19 vaccine |url=https://en.mehrnews.com/news/179432/Iran-issues-emergency-permit-for-new-local-Covid-19-vaccine |access-date=12 October 2021 |publisher=[[Mehr News Agency]] |date= 6 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;COVAX-19_FN&quot;/&gt;0&lt;section end=&quot;COVAX-19_FN&quot;/&gt;)

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;COVAX-19_EN&quot;/&gt;1&lt;section end=&quot;COVAX-19_EN&quot;/&gt;)
# Iran&lt;ref name=&quot;COVAX19EUA&quot;/&gt;

;Travel-only
* Hungary&lt;ref name=&quot;hungarytoday.hu&quot;/&gt;
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot;/&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;/&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot;/&gt;

== Razi Cov Pars ==
&lt;!-- &lt;section begin=&quot;RaziCovParsauthmap&quot;/&gt;
{{infobox|image={{Graph:Map|scale=50|defaultValue=gainsboro
|IR=dodgerblue
|NZ=turquoise
|HU=turquoise
|MY=turquoise
}}
|caption=
{{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;RaziCovParsauthmap&quot;/&gt; --&gt;
[[Razi Cov Pars]] is a [[subunit vaccine|protein subunit vaccine]] developed by [[Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Razieua&quot;&gt;{{cite web|date=1 November 2021|title=Two homegrown vaccines receive emergency use license|url=https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/466570/Two-homegrown-vaccines-receive-emergency-use-license|access-date=27 November 2021|website=Tehran Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;
;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;Razi Cov Pars_FN&quot;/&gt;0&lt;section end=&quot;Razi Cov Pars_FN&quot;/&gt;)

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;Razi Cov Pars_EN&quot;/&gt;1&lt;section end=&quot;Razi Cov Pars_EN&quot;/&gt;)
# Iran&lt;ref name=&quot;Razieua&quot;/&gt;

;Travel-only
* Hungary&lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceB&quot;/&gt;
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot;/&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;/&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot;/&gt;

== Turkovac ==
&lt;!--&lt;section begin=&quot;turkovacsauthmap&quot;/&gt;
{{infobox|image={{Graph:Map|scale=50|defaultValue=gainsboro
|TR=dodgerblue
|NZ=turquoise
|MY=turquoise
}}
|caption=
{{leftlegend|blueviolet|Full authorization}}
{{leftlegend|dodgerblue|Emergency authorization}}
}}
&lt;section end=&quot;turkovacauthmap&quot;/&gt;--&gt;
[[Turkovac]] is an [[inactivated vaccine]] developed by [[Ministry of Health (Turkey)|Health Institutes of Turkey]] and [[Erciyes University]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Turkoeua&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=Aliyev |first1=Jeyhun |last2=Nur Duz |first2=Zehra |title=Turkey's domestic COVID-19 vaccine Turkovac approved for emergency use |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/latest-on-coronavirus-outbreak/turkeys-domestic-covid-19-vaccine-turkovac-approved-for-emergency-use/2454638 |access-date=26 December 2021 |agency=Anadolu Agency |date=22 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;TurkoVac_FN&quot;/&gt;0&lt;section end=&quot;TurkoVac_FN&quot;/&gt;)

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;TurkoVac_EN&quot;/&gt;1&lt;section end=&quot;TurkoVac_EN&quot;/&gt;)
# Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;Turkoeua&quot;/&gt;

;Travel-only
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot;/&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;/&gt;

== Sinopharm CNBG ==
[[Sinopharm CNBG COVID-19 vaccine]] is a [[Recombinant vaccine|recombinant]] [[Protein subunit|protein]] [[subunit vaccine]] developed by China National Biotec Group (CNBG), a subsidiary of [[Sinopharm (company)|Sinopharm]].&lt;ref name=&quot;CNBG&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=27 December 2021|title=Emergency use of Sinopharm's new CNBG protein vaccine approved in UAE|work=[[Gulf News]]|url=https://gulfnews.com/uae/emergency-use-of-sinopharms-new-cnbg-protein-vaccine-approved-in-uae-1.84628476|access-date=27 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;CNBG_FN&quot;/&gt;0&lt;section end=&quot;CNBG_FN&quot;/&gt;)

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;CNBG_EN&quot;/&gt;1&lt;section end=&quot;CNBG_EN&quot;/&gt;)
# United Arab Emirates&lt;ref name=&quot;CNBG&quot; /&gt;

;Travel-only
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot;/&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot;/&gt;

== Soberana Plus ==
[[Soberana Plus]] is a single-dose of [[conjugate vaccine]] developed by the [[Finlay Institute]] in [[Cuba]].&lt;ref name=&quot;CubBoost&quot;&gt;{{cite news | vauthors = Dönmez BB |title=Cuba grants emergency use to 2 virus vaccines |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/latest-on-coronavirus-outbreak/cuba-grants-emergency-use-to-2-virus-vaccines/2341850 |access-date=23 September 2021 |agency=Anadolu Agency |date=21 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;Soberana Plus_FN&quot;/&gt;0&lt;section end=&quot;Soberana Plus_FN&quot;/&gt;)

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;Soberana Plus_EN&quot;/&gt;1&lt;section end=&quot;Soberana Plus_EN&quot;/&gt;)
# Cuba&lt;ref name=&quot;CubBoost&quot;/&gt;

;Travel-only
* Guyana&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot; /&gt;
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot;/&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;/&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot;/&gt;

== CoVLP ==
[[CoVLP]] is a [[Virus-like particle|Virus-Like Particle]] vaccine grown in an Australian weed, [[Nicotiana benthamiana]]. It is marketed under the name [https://medicago.com/en/press-release/covifenz/ Covifenz] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224161443/https://medicago.com/en/press-release/covifenz/ |date=2022-02-24 }}.

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;CoVLP_FN&quot; /&gt;1&lt;section end=&quot;CoVLP_FN&quot; /&gt;)
# Canada

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;CoVLP_EN&quot; /&gt;0&lt;section end=&quot;CoVLP_EN&quot; /&gt;)

;Travel-only
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot;/&gt;
* New Zealand&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;/&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot;/&gt;

== Noora ==
[[Noora (vaccine)|Noora]] is a protein-based vaccine developed by the [[Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences]].

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;Noora_FN&quot; /&gt;0&lt;section end=&quot;Noora_FN&quot; /&gt;)

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;Noora_EN&quot; /&gt;1&lt;section end=&quot;Noora_EN&quot; /&gt;)
# Iran&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=1 March 2022 |title=&quot;Noora&quot; vaccine receives emergency use license |work=[[Tehran Times]] |url=https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/470601/Noora-vaccine-receives-emergency-use-license |access-date=2 March 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

;Travel-only
* Malaysia&lt;ref name=&quot;MY&quot;/&gt;
* Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;visasturkey.com&quot;/&gt;

== SKYCovione ==

[[SKYCovione]] is a protein subunit vaccine developed by [[SK Group|SK Bioscience]].

;Full (&lt;section begin=&quot;SKYCovione_FN&quot; /&gt;0&lt;section end=&quot;SKYCovione_FN&quot; /&gt;)

;Emergency (&lt;section begin=&quot;SKYCovione_EN&quot; /&gt;1&lt;section end=&quot;SKYCovione_EN&quot; /&gt;)
# South Korea&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Kim |first=Tong-Hyung |date=29 June 2022 |title=South Korea approves first homemade COVID-19 vaccine |work=[[Associated Press]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/covid-health-pandemics-public-db128bb38e561e45f477035b0e0f7524 |access-date=29 June 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Тэмдэглэл ==
{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}

== Зүүлтэ ==
{{reflist}}

{{COVID-19 pandemic}}
{{Vaccines}}

[[Категори:COVID-19-дэ эсэргүү вакцина| ]]
[[Категори:Медицинскэ шэнжэлэлгэ]]</text>
      <sha1>lcoko2fmf1rpknzflzotvajk6hdpdq5</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Израилиин шэнэ шекель</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>12884</id>
    <revision>
      <id>74948</id>
      <parentid>74674</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-25T00:28:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>12366</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
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      <text bytes="50090" sha1="qfpr6istdg8w5q84qfprfeob614ixo0" xml:space="preserve">{{Инфобокс мүнгэн тэмдэгтэ
| currency_name_in_local = {{Script/Hebrew|שקל חדש}} ([[Иврит]])&lt;/br&gt;{{script/Arabic|شيكل جديد}} ([[Араб хэлэн|Араб]])
| image_1 = File:השטרות החדשים של ישראל.jpg
| image_title_1 = Шэнэ шекелиин банкнотууд (C сери)
| iso_code = ILS
| iso_number = 376
| subunit_name_1 = [[Израилиин агора|агора]]
| plural = {{plainlist|
*шекелиүд
*шекалим}}
| symbol = [[Шекелиин тэмдэг|₪]]
| frequently_used_banknotes = [[20 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪20]], [[50 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪50]], [[100 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪100]], [[200 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪200]]
| rarely_used_banknotes = [[5 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪5]], [[10 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪10]]
| frequently_used_coins = [[Израилиин арбан-агоротой зоос|10 агорот]], [[Израилиин хахад-шекелиин зоос|1/2 шекель]], [[Израилиин нэгэ-шекелиин зоос|₪1]], [[Израилиин хоёр-шекелиин зоос|₪2]],&lt;/br&gt; [[Израилиин табан-шекелиин зоос|₪5]], [[Израилиин арбан-шекелиин зоос|₪10]]
| rarely_used_coins = [[Израилиин нэгэ-агорагай зоос|1 агора]], [[Израилиин табан-агоротой зоос|5 агорот]]
| subunit_ratio_1 = {{Frac|100}}
| plural_subunit_1 = {{plainlist|
*агорот}}
| using_countries = {{flag|Израиль}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Палестинын Захиргаа}}''&lt;ref&gt;According to Article 4 of the 1994 Paris Protocol [http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Peace+Process/Guide+to+the+Peace+Process/Gaza-Jericho+Agreement+Annex+IV+-+Economic+Protoco.htm The Protocol allows the Palestinian Authority to adopt additional currencies]. In the [[West Bank]] the [[Jordanian dinar]] is widely accepted and in the [[Gaza Strip]] the [[Egyptian pound]] is often used.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;''
| issuing_authority = [[Израилиин Банк]]
| issuing_authority_website = {{URL|boi.org.il/}}
| printer = [[Orell Füssli]]&lt;ref name=&quot;fussli1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.20min.ch/finance/news/story/Israel-laesst-in-Zuerich-Geld-drucken-25053913|title=Israel lässt in Zürich Geld drucken|first=www 20minuten ch, 20 Minuten, 20 Min|last=www.20min.ch|website=20 Minuten|date=27 April 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| mint = [[Солонгосой Хэбтэ сохилго ба Аюулгүй Хэблэлэй Корпораци|KOMSCO]]&lt;ref name=&quot;komsco1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.voanews.com/east-asia/s-korea-makes-money-making-money|title=S. Korea Makes Money by Making Money|date=2012-07-17|website=Voice of America News|access-date=2020-03-13|accessdate=2021-08-01|archivedate=2020-03-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200325140251/https://www.voanews.com/east-asia/s-korea-makes-money-making-money}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| inflation_rate ={{decreasepositive}}-0.59% (2020) &lt;br&gt;{{increasenegative}}0.35% (2021 est.)
| inflation_source_date = [[Израилиин Банк]], [[Statista]], &lt;/br&gt;2021 оной 4 һара}}

'''Израилиин шэнэ шекель''' ({{lang-he|שֶׁקֶל חָדָשׁ}} ''{{transl|he|{{Audio|Shekel Hadash.ogg|sheqel ẖadash|help=no}}}}''; {{lang-ar|شيكل جديد}} {{transl|ar|DIN|šēkal jadīd}}; [[Валютын тэмдэг|тэмдэг]]: '''[[Шекелиин тэмдэг|₪]]'''; [[ISO 4217|код]]: '''ILS'''), хилбараар '''Израилиин шекель''' ({{lang-he|שקל ישראלי}}, {{lang-ar|شيكل إسرائيلي}}), болбол [[Израиль|Израилиин]] [[мүнгэн тэмдэгтэ]] ба Палестинын газар нютагдахи [[Баруун эрье]], [[Газын хэлтэһэн|Газын хэлтэһэндэ]] хуули ёһоной түлбэриин хэрэгсэл болгон ашаглагдадаг. Шэнэ шекель 100 [[Израилиин агора|агоротдо]] хубаагдадаг. Шэнэ шекелиие 1986 оной 1 һарын 1-һээ эхилэн 1000:1 харилсаанаар [[Гиперинфляци|гиперинфляцитай]] [[Хуушан Израилиин шекель|хуушан шекелиие]] орложо ашаглагдажа эхилһэн.

Шэнэ шекелиин [[Валютын тэмдэг|валютын тэмдэгиинь]] ⟨ '''[[Шекелиин тэмдэг|₪]]''' ⟩ ''шекель'' ({{Script/Hebrew|[[ש]]}}) ба ''хадаш'' ({{Script/Hebrew|[[ח]]}}) (шэнэ) гэһэн үгэнүүдэй эхинэй [[Еврей бэшэг|Еврей үзэгнүүдэй]] тааралдал юм. Энэнь үмэниинь '''шэнэ Израилиин шекель''' гэжэ нэрлэгдэдэг байһан ба '''''NIS''''' ('''ש&quot;ח'''‎ ба '''ش.ج'''‎) гэһэн албан ёһоной буһа хуряамжалагдаһан үгые дотоододоо үүные нэрлэхэ зорилгоор ашагладаг хэбээр байгаа ба [[Израилиин Банк|Израилиин Банкын]] вебсайт дээри гарадаг. Гэбэшье '''Израилиин шэнэ шекелиин''' уласхоорондын ''албан ёһоной'' валютын кодиинь [[ISO 4217]] стандартын дагуу [[Уласхоорондын Стандартизациин Байгуулга|Уласхоорондын Стандартизациин Байгуулгаһаа]] тогтооһониинь '''ILS''' юм.

== Түүхэ ==
&quot;[[Шекель]]&quot; (שֶׁקֶל‎) нэрэнь адли нэрэтэй эртэнэй Библиин мүнгэн тэмдэгтэһээ гаралтай. Авраамые Хеврон дахи [[Патриархуудай Агы|Патриархуудай Агыда]] зорюулжа Хиттитын Ефрондо &quot;дүрбэн зуун мүнгэн шекель&quot; түлэһэн гэжэ Библиин эртын эшэдэ дурдаһан байдаг.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt0123.htm Genesis 23:25] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126205702/http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt0123.htm |date=2021-01-26 }}.&lt;/ref&gt; Шекель болбол эртэнэй Израилиин шэгнүүри гү, али мүнгэн тэмдэгтиин хэдэ хэдэн единицын нэгэ ба еврей гаралтай ש-ק-ל (š-q-l) нь 'татаха' гэһэн удхатай (שָׁקַל šaqal 'шэгнэхэ', שֶׁקֶל šeqel 'нэгэ янзын шэгнүүри'), бусад Семит хэлэнүүдэй адлирхуу байдагиинь Аккади (тусх. šaqālu ба šiqlu)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.assyrianlanguages.org/akkadian/dosearch.php?searchkey=469&amp;language=id|title=Search Entry}}&lt;/ref&gt; ба Арамей (тусх. תְּקַל teqal ба תִּקְלָא tiqla).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sefaria.org.il/Jastrow%2C_%D7%AA%D6%B4%D6%BC%D7%A7%D6%B0%D7%9C%D6%B8%D7%90?lang=he|title=Jastrow, תִּקְלָא}}&lt;/ref&gt; Анха энэнь ешмээнэй шэгнүүритэй холбоотой байһан байжа магадгүй юм. [[Эртэ сагай Израилиин ба Иудеягай Түүхэ|Эртэнэй Израильда]] шекелиинь 180 оршон орооһон (11 [[грамм]] гү, али. 35 тройн унци) байһан гэдэг.

Мүнөөнэй [[Израиль|Израиль улас]] байгуулагдаһанһаа хойшо 1948 оной 5 һарын 14-эй үдэрһээ 1952 он хүрэтэр [[Англи-Палестинын Банк|Англи-Палестинын Банкһаа]] [[Фунт стерлинг|Британиин фунт стерлингтэй]] уягдаһан [[Палестинын фунт]] хэлбэрээр банкнотууд гаргагдажа байһан.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{citation|publisher=Bank of Israel|place=IL|title=One Palestine Pound|url=http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/catal/eng/bill_all_eng.htm?series_num=1&amp;series_name=Anglo%20Palestine%20Bank%20Series&amp;pg_name=p002&amp;pg_kot=ONE%20PALESTINE%20POUND|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060427085208/http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/catal/eng/bill_all_eng.htm?series_num=1&amp;series_name=Anglo%20Palestine%20Bank%20Series&amp;pg_name=p002&amp;pg_kot=ONE%20PALESTINE%20POUND|archive-date=27 April 2006|df=dmy}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060427085208/http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/catal/eng/bill_all_eng.htm?series_num=1&amp;series_name=Anglo%20Palestine%20Bank%20Series&amp;pg_name=p002&amp;pg_kot=ONE%20PALESTINE%20POUND |date=27 April 2006 }} {{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/catal/eng/bill_all_eng.htm?series_num=1&amp;series_name=Anglo%20Palestine%20Bank%20Series&amp;pg_name=p002&amp;pg_kot=ONE%20PALESTINE%20POUND |accessdate=4 August 2021 |archivedate=27 April 2006 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060427085208/http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/catal/eng/bill_all_eng.htm?series_num=1&amp;series_name=Anglo%20Palestine%20Bank%20Series&amp;pg_name=p002&amp;pg_kot=ONE%20PALESTINE%20POUND }}&lt;/ref&gt; 1952 ондо Англи-Палестинын Банк нэрээ [[Леуми Банк|Банк Леуми Ле-Исраэль]] (Израилиин Үндэһэнэй Банк) болгон хубилгажа, валютын нэрэнь [[Израилиин фунт]] болоһон.&lt;ref&gt;{{citation|publisher=Bank of Israel|place=IL|title=One Israeli Pound|url=http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/catal/eng/bill_all_eng.htm?series_num=2&amp;series_name=Bank%20Leumi%20Le-Israel%20Series&amp;pg_name=p007&amp;pg_kot=ONE%20ISRAELI%20POUND|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927000546/http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/catal/eng/bill_all_eng.htm?series_num=2&amp;series_name=Bank%20Leumi%20Le-Israel%20Series&amp;pg_name=p007&amp;pg_kot=ONE%20ISRAELI%20POUND|url-status=dead|archive-date=27 September 2007}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927000546/http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/catal/eng/bill_all_eng.htm?series_num=2&amp;series_name=Bank%20Leumi%20Le-Israel%20Series&amp;pg_name=p007&amp;pg_kot=ONE%20ISRAELI%20POUND |date=27 September 2007 }} {{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/catal/eng/bill_all_eng.htm?series_num=2&amp;series_name=Bank%20Leumi%20Le-Israel%20Series&amp;pg_name=p007&amp;pg_kot=ONE%20ISRAELI%20POUND |accessdate=4 August 2021 |archivedate=27 September 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927000546/http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/catal/eng/bill_all_eng.htm?series_num=2&amp;series_name=Bank%20Leumi%20Le-Israel%20Series&amp;pg_name=p007&amp;pg_kot=ONE%20ISRAELI%20POUND }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Израилиин фунт (1952–1980) ===
{{Main|Израилиин фунт}}
Израилиин фунт (לירה ישראלית‎, &quot;лира исраэлит&quot;) нь 1952 оной 6 һараһаа 1980 оной 2 һарын 23 хүрэтэр [[Израиль|Израилиин]] мүнгэн тэмдэгтэ байһан ба 1980 оной 2 һарын 24-дэ [[Хуушан Израилиин шекель|шекелиэр]] һолигдоһон. 1955 онһоо эхилэн [[Израилиин Банк]] байгуулагдажа, [[Банкното|мүнгэн тэмдэгтэ]] гаргаха уялгые абаһанай дараа зүбхэн &quot;I£&quot; тэмдэгэй хамта зүбхэн еврей нэрые ашаглажа байһан.&lt;ref&gt;{{citation|publisher=Bank Le-Israel|place=IL|title=First Series of the Pound|url=http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/catal/eng/bill_all_eng.htm?series_num=4&amp;series_name=First%20Series%20of%20the%20Pound&amp;pg_name=p012&amp;pg_kot=ONE%20ISRAELI%20POUND|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927002117/http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/catal/eng/bill_all_eng.htm?series_num=4&amp;series_name=First%20Series%20of%20the%20Pound&amp;pg_name=p012&amp;pg_kot=ONE%20ISRAELI%20POUND|url-status=dead|archive-date=27 September 2007}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927002117/http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/catal/eng/bill_all_eng.htm?series_num=4&amp;series_name=First%20Series%20of%20the%20Pound&amp;pg_name=p012&amp;pg_kot=ONE%20ISRAELI%20POUND |date=27 September 2007 }} {{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/catal/eng/bill_all_eng.htm?series_num=4&amp;series_name=First%20Series%20of%20the%20Pound&amp;pg_name=p012&amp;pg_kot=ONE%20ISRAELI%20POUND |accessdate=5 August 2021 |archivedate=27 September 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927002117/http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/catal/eng/bill_all_eng.htm?series_num=4&amp;series_name=First%20Series%20of%20the%20Pound&amp;pg_name=p012&amp;pg_kot=ONE%20ISRAELI%20POUND }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Фунт стерлинг|Британиин фунт стерлингтэй]] уялгые 1954 оной 1 һарын 1-дэ болюулжа, 1960 ондо Израилиин фунтын бутархай единицые 1000 [[Израилиин прута|прутотһоо]] 100 [[Израилиин агора|агорот]] болгон хубилгаһан.

1960-д оной үедэ Израилиин мүнгэн тэмдэгтын еврей бэшэ нэрын талаар үгэ буляалдаанай үрэ дүндэ Һангай министрдэ фунт гэдэг нэрые Еврей нэрээр, [[шекель]] (שקל), хубилгахые захирһан хуули гараһан. Хуулинь министрдэ хубилалга оруулха он һара үдэрые тодорхойлхо боломжые олгоһон. Хуулинь 1980 оной 2 һарада Израилиин засагай газар мүнгэнэй системые хубилгажа, 1 шекель = I£10 курсээр шекелиие нэбтэрүүлһэнһээ хойшо хүсэндэ ороһон юм.

=== Шекель (1980–1985) ===
{{Main|Хуушан Израилиин шекель}}
Шекель гү, али хуушан шекелиинь 1980 оной 2 һарын 24-һээ 1985 оной 12 һарын 31-эй хоорондо Израиль уласай мүнгэн тэмдэгтэ байба. Энэ болон энэнэй урдахи Израилиин фунт 1960-д ба 1970-д оной үедэ гадаада валютын [[Девальваци|девальвациие]] байнга хабаадуулагдажа байһан. Энэ тенденцинь 1980-д оной эхээр хуушан шекелиин [[Гиперинфляци|гиперинфляциар]] түгэсэһэн юм. [[1985 оной Израилиин Эдэй засагай Тохонижуулга План|1985 оной Эдэй засагай Тохонижуулга Планай]] үрэ дүндэ инфляциие тогтооһоной дараа 1986 оной 1 һарын 1-дэ хуушан шекелиие [[Деноминаци (эдэй засаг)|орлуулан]] шэнэ шекелиие нэбтэрүүлжэ IS 1,000-ые ₪1 сэнтэй һолиһон.

=== Шэнэ шекель (1985–мүнөө үе) ===
1980-д оной [[хёморол|эдэй засагай хёморол]], удаахи 1985 ондо шэнэ шекелиие нэбтэрүүлһэнһээ хойшо [[Израилиин Банк]] болон [[Израилиин Засагай газар]] үлүү болгоомжотой, консерватив түсэб, мүнгэ-кредитэй политикые ябуулжа, заха зээлидэ һуурилһан эдэй засагай янза бүриин реформые аажамаар бэелүүлжэ эхилһэн. Тэрээнһээ гадна сүлөөтэ худалдаанай хэлсээндэ баталалһанаар Израилиин эдэй засаг тэмсэлдэхэ шадабаритай боложо, ажа үйлэдбэри ба научна базада ехэ хэмжээнэй зөөри оруулалга хииһэнээр туһа улас дэлхэйн [[мэдэлгын эдэй засаг]] үргэлгэтэй холбоотой боломжоо ашаглажа, уламаар экспорт нэмэгдэжэ, продукт ба хангалтада шэнэ заха зээли нээгдэһэн. Эдэгээр нүхэсэлүүдэй үрэ дүндэ инфляци нилээд бага байһан ба мүнөө үедэ уласиинь [[Түлбэриин баланс|түлбэриин положительна балансые]] дэмжэжэ байгаа ба 2010 ондо ДНБ-ээ 3 оршон хубитай эквивалентнэ урдадаг счётой ашагтай гараһан юм. Тиимэһээ валютань евро, швейцари франкын тусхай ургалтаһаа багашье гэһэн шангарша 2001-2011 онуудта АНУ-ай доллартай зэргэсүүлхэдэ шэнээнэй 20%-иар дээшэлһэниинь урдахи арбан жэлдэ һуларһантай сасуулхада эсэргүү байба. 

2003 оной 1 һарын 1-һээ эхилэн шэнэ шекелиинь сүлөөтэ [[конверсидэ ородог валюта]] болоһон юм. 2006 оной 5 һарын 7-ой үдэрһээ эхилэн шекелиин [[Гараһан мүнгэнэй зэбсэг|гараһан мүнгэнэй зэбсэгэй]] шэнэ аралжааные [[Чикакогой Худалдаанай Биржэ|Чикакогой Худалдаанай Биржэдэ]] хиихэ боломжотой болоһон.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release|publisher=Chicago Mercantile Exchange|date=6 April 2006|url=http://www.cme.com/about/press/cn/06-45shekel18024.html|title=CME to Launch Foreign Exchange Contract on Israeli Shekel}}&lt;/ref&gt; Энэнь шэнэ шекелиие [[Валютын аралжаанай заха зээли|гадаада валютын заха зээлидэ]] [[Фьючерс|фьючерсын гэрээ]] байгуулха боломжотой дэлхэйн хорин тухай валютын нэгэ болгожо байна. Энэнь мүн дэлхэйн олон орондо хэрэглэгшэд андалдаха боломжотой валюта юм.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/954033.html|title=Israelis can soon travel the world with shekels in their pockets|publisher=[[Haaretz]]|website=haaretz.com|access-date=15 March 2018|accessdate=6 August 2021|archivedate=3 December 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091203064953/http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/954033.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull&amp;cid=1211434107513|title=shekel begins trading on global markets|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110813133456/http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull&amp;cid=1211434107513|archive-date=13 August 2011|publisher=[[Jerusalem Post]]|website=jpost.com|access-date=15 March 2018|accessdate=6 August 2021|archivedate=13 August 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110813133456/http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull&amp;cid=1211434107513}}&lt;/ref&gt; 2008 оной 5 һарын 26-да Олон уласай [[CLS (түлбэриин системэ)|CLS Банкиинь]] түлбэри тоосооные шэнэ шекелиие гүйсэдхэжэ, валютые бүрэн [[конверсидэ ородог валюта]] болгоһон юм.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=CLS Press Release|date=26 May 2008|url=http://www.cls-group.com/news/article.cfm?objectid=127EC3A9-F263-C9E9-19BE3E0623DCF229&amp;origin=26E70E8A-14C7-4247-BC9E9B0B321D4D68|title=CLS Bank live with Israeli shekel and Mexican Peso|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080530170857/http://www.cls-group.com/news/article.cfm?objectid=127EC3A9-F263-C9E9-19BE3E0623DCF229&amp;origin=26E70E8A-14C7-4247-BC9E9B0B321D4D68|archive-date=30 May 2008|df=dmy-all|accessdate=6 August 2021|archivedate=30 May 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080530170857/http://www.cls-group.com/news/article.cfm?objectid=127EC3A9-F263-C9E9-19BE3E0623DCF229&amp;origin=26E70E8A-14C7-4247-BC9E9B0B321D4D68}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Зоос ==
1985 ондо [[Израилиин нэгэ-агорагай зоос|1 агора]], [[Израилиин табан-агоротой зоос|5 агорот]], [[Израилиин арбан-агоротой зоос|10 агорот]], [[Израилиин хахад-шекелиин зоос|₪1/2]], [[Израилиин нэгэ-шекелиин зоос|₪1]] гэһэн сэнтэй зооснууд нэбтэрүүлһэн.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/catal/eng/cat_all_eng.htm?series_num=25&amp;series_name=Agora%20and%20New%20Shekel%20Series|title=About the Agora and New Shekel Series|access-date=26 December 2007|work=Banknotes and Coins Catalog|publisher=[[Bank of Israel]]}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; 1990 ондо [[Израилиин табан-шекелиин зоос|₪5]] зооснууд,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/catal/eng/bill_all_eng.htm?series_num=25&amp;series_name=Agora%20and%20New%20Shekel%20Series&amp;pg_name=c040&amp;pg_kot=5%20NEW%20SHEQALIM|title=5 NEW SHEQALIM|access-date=26 December 2007|work=Banknotes and Coins Catalog|publisher=The Bank of Israel}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; 1995 ондо [[Израилиин арбан-шекелиин зоос|₪10]] зоос эрьелтэдэ ороһон.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/catal/eng/bill_all_eng.htm?series_num=25&amp;series_name=Agora%20and%20New%20Shekel%20Series&amp;pg_name=c041&amp;pg_kot=10%20NEW%20SHEQALIM|title=10 NEW SHEQALIM|access-date=26 December 2007|work=Banknotes and Coins Catalog|publisher=The Bank of Israel}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Израилиин нэгэ-агорагай зоос|1 агорагай]] үйлэдбэрилгэ 1990 ондо зогсожо, 1991 оной 4 һарын 1-дэ эрьелтэһээ хуряагдаһан. [[Израилиин хоёр-шекелиин зоос|2 шекелиин]] зоос 2007 оной 12 һарын 9-дэ эрьелтэдэ ороһон.&lt;ref name=&quot;2sheqalim&quot;&gt;{{cite press release|url=http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/press/eng/070708/070708e.htm|title=The new NIS 2 coin|access-date=26 December 2007|date=8 July 2007|publisher=The Bank of Israel}}&lt;/ref&gt; Хамагай һүүлдэ 2007 ондо сохигдоһон [[Израилиин табан-агоротой зоос|5 агоротой]] зоосые 2008 оной 1 һарын 1-дэ эрьелтэһээ хуряагдаһан.&lt;ref name=&quot;5agorot&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.boi.org.il/he/Currency/PublicEnquiries/Pages/CancellationOf5Cents.aspx|title=Cancellation of the 5 agora coin.|language=he|access-date=4 September 2016|date=1 January 2008|publisher=The Bank of Israel|accessdate=6 August 2021|archivedate=6 May 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506055943/http://boi.org.il/he/Currency/PublicEnquiries/Pages/CancellationOf5Cents.aspx}}&lt;/ref&gt;

2011 оной 4 һарада металл бага ашагладаг, тиимэһээ үнэ сэн багатай шэнэ зооснууд сохигдохо болоно гэжэ мэдэгдэһэн. Хуурмаг зоос хиихэнь баһа хэсүү байха болоно.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.calcalist.co.il/local/articles/0,7340,L-3515589,00.html Tomer Avital's report] in [[Calcalist]], 21 April 2011 (Hebrew)&lt;/ref&gt; Израилиин Банк түсэблэгдэжэ буй зоосоной серидэ &quot;шэнэ&quot; гэһэн үгые хаһаха талаар хэлэлсэгдэжэ байна. Батажалгабал энэнь 1985 оной 9 һарада шэнэ шекелиин зоосые худалдаанда гараһанһаа хойшо бүхы зоосые анха һолиһон тохёолдол болохо юм.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-4059359,00.html Gad Lior's report] in [[Ynet]], 21 April 2011&lt;/ref&gt; Зоосые [[Солонгосой Хэбтэ сохилго ба Аюулгүй Хэблэлэй Корпораци]] (KOMSCO) сохидог.&lt;ref name=&quot;komsco1&quot; /&gt;

{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%&quot;
|+ Шэнэ шекелиин зоосой сери
|-
!rowspan=2| Зураг !! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Үнэ сэн !! colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Техническэ тодорхойлолго !! colspan=&quot;3&quot; | Бэшэжэ харуулга !! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Һара үдэр
|-
! Диаметр !! Зузаан !! Масса !! Бүридэл !! Эрмэг !! Урда !! Арын !! гаргалга !! абалга
|-{{Coin-yellow-color}} 
| style=&quot;background:white;text-align:center&quot; | [[file:Israel 1 Agora 1985 Obverse &amp; Reverse.jpg|250px]]
| {{nowrap|1 агора}}
| 17&amp;nbsp;мм
| 1.2&amp;nbsp;мм
| 2 гр
|rowspan=4| [[Адюминиин бронзо]]&lt;br /&gt;92% [[зэд]]&lt;br /&gt;6% [[хүнгэн сагаан]]&lt;br /&gt;2% [[никель]]
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | Хилбар
| Эртэнэй [[галера]], [[Израиль уласай һүлдэ|гүрэнэй һүлдэ]], &quot;Израиль&quot; [[Иврит]], [[Араб хэлэн|Араб]] ба [[Англи хэлэн|Англи хэлээр]]
|rowspan=3| Үнэ сэн, һара үдэр
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | 1985 оной
9 һарын 4
| 1991 он
4 һарын 1
|-{{Coin-yellow-color}}
| style=&quot;background:white;text-align:center&quot; | [[file:Israel 5 Agorot 1985 Edge, Obverse &amp; Reverse.jpg|250px]]
| 5 агорот&lt;!--sic--&gt;
| 19.5&amp;nbsp;мм
| 1.3&amp;nbsp;мм
| 3 гр
| [[Нэгэдүгээр Еврей–Ромын Дайн|Еврейшүүдэй Ромын эсэргүү дайнай]] дүрбэдэхи жэлэй зоосой репликэ, хоёр [[Этрог|этрогимэй]] хоорондохи [[Лулав|лулавай]] дүрсэ, [[Израиль уласай һүлдэ|гүрэнэй һүлдэ]], &quot;Израиль&quot; [[Иврит]], [[Араб хэлэн|Араб]] ба [[Англи хэлэн|Англи хэлээр]]
| 2008 он
1 һарын 1
|-{{Coin-yellow-color}}
| style=&quot;background:white;text-align:center&quot; | [[file:Israel 10 Agorot 1985 Edge, Obverse &amp; Reverse.jpg|250px]]
| {{nowrap|10 агорот}}&lt;!--sic--&gt;
| 22&amp;nbsp;мм
| 1.5&amp;nbsp;мм
| 4 гр
| [[Менора (сүмэ)|Долоо һалаатаһан дэнгэй һууритай]] [[II Антигон (Хасмоней)|II Антигоной]] гаргаһан зоосой репликэ, [[Израиль уласай һүлдэ|гүрэнэй һүлдэ]], &quot;Израиль&quot; [[Иврит]], [[Араб хэлэн|Араб]] ба [[Англи хэлэн|Англи хэлээр]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Мүнөөнэй
|- {{Coin-gold-color}}
| style=&quot;background:white;text-align:center&quot; | [[file:Israel Half New Sheqel 1985 Edge, Obverse &amp; Reverse.jpg|250px]]
| {{nowrap|₪0.5}}
| 26&amp;nbsp;мм
| 1.6&amp;nbsp;мм
| 6.5 гр
| [[Лирэ]], [[Израиль уласай һүлдэ|гүрэнэй һүлдэ]]
| Үнэ сэн, һара үдэр, &quot;Израиль&quot; [[Иврит]], [[Араб хэлэн|Араб]] ба [[Англи хэлэн|Англи хэлээр]]
|- {{Coin-silver-color}}
| style=&quot;background:white;text-align:center&quot; | [[file:Israel 1 New Sheqel 1985 Edge, Obverse &amp; Reverse.jpg|250px]]
| {{nowrap|₪1}}
| 18&amp;nbsp;мм
| 1.8&amp;nbsp;мм
| 3.5 гр
|[[Зэд-никелиин холисо|Зэд-никель]]&lt;br /&gt;75% [[зэд]]&lt;br /&gt;25% [[никель]] (1985-1993)&lt;br/ &gt;[[Никель]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;дэһэн булад (1994–мүнөө үе)&lt;ref&gt;Note that nickel-clad steel 1 new sheqalim coins were issued in 1994 and 1995&lt;/ref&gt;
|Хилбар
| [[Сараана]], &quot;Йеһуд&quot; эртэнэй Ивридээр, [[Израиль уласай һүлдэ|гүрэнэй һүлдэ]]
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Үнэ сэн, һара үдэр, &quot;Израиль&quot; [[Иврит]], [[Араб хэлэн|Араб]] ба [[Англи хэлэн|Англи хэлээр]]
|1985 оной
9 һарын 4
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Мүнөөнэй
|- {{Coin-silver-color}}
| style=&quot;background:white;text-align:center&quot; | [[file:Israel 2 New Sheqels 2010 Edge, Obverse &amp; Reverse.jpg|250px]]
| {{nowrap|₪2}}
| 21.6&amp;nbsp;мм
| 2.3&amp;nbsp;мм
| 5.7 гр
| Никельдэһэн булад
| Сегментшэлһэн (Хилбар ба Бэржылгэһэн секцинүүд)
| Хоёр элбэг дэлбэгэй эбэр, [[Израиль уласай һүлдэ|гүрэнэй һүлдэ]]
| 2007 оной
12 һарын 9
|-{{Coin-silver-color}} 
| style=&quot;background:white;text-align:center&quot; | [[file:Israel 5 New Sheqels 2012 Edge, Obverse &amp; Reverse.jpg|250px]]
| {{nowrap|₪5}}
| 24&amp;nbsp;мм
| 2.4&amp;nbsp;мм
| 8.2 гр
| [[Зэд-никелиин холисо|Зэд-никель]]&lt;br /&gt;75% [[зэд]]&lt;br /&gt;25% [[никель]]
| 12 таланууд
| Баханын ниислэл, [[Израиль уласай һүлдэ|гүрэнэй һүлдэ]]
| 1990 оной
1 һарын 2
|- {{Coin-silver-color}} 
| style=&quot;background:white;text-align:center&quot; | [[file:Israel 10 New Sheqels 2011 Edge, Obverse &amp; Reverse.jpg|250px]]
|{{Coin-silver-color}} | {{nowrap|₪10}}
| 23&amp;nbsp;мм&lt;br /&gt;Гол: 16&amp;nbsp;мм
| 2.2&amp;nbsp;мм
| 7 гр
| '''Сахариг:''' Никельтэй булад&lt;br /&gt;'''Түб:''' Алтариг уялаатай зэд
| Бэржылгэһэн
| Долоон набшатай ба хоёр финиктэй корзинатай пальма, &quot;Сионой гэмээ сагааруулгын түлөө&quot; гэһэн үгэнүүд эртэнэй ба мүнөөнэй [[Еврей бэшэг|Еврей бэшэгээр]]
| 1995 оной
2 һарын 7
|}
* Израилиин зоос дээрхи бүхы һара үдэрые [[Еврейн литэ|Еврейн литээр]] бэшэһэн ба [[Еврей тоо|Еврей тоогоор]] бэшэгдэһэные анхарагты.

== Банкнотууд ==

=== A сери (1985–1999) ===
1985 оной 9 һарын 4-эй үдэрһээ эхилэн ₪5, ₪10, ба ₪50-иин банкнотууд эрьелтэдэ ороһон. 1986 оной 5 һарын 8-да ₪1 банкнот, 1986 оной 8 һарын 19-да ₪100-иин банкнот гараһан. 1988 оной 4 һарын 2-до ₪20-иин банкнот, 1992 оной 2 һарын 16-да ₪200-иин банкнот гаража энэ сериие дуусгаһан.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Linzmayer|first1=Owen|title=The Banknote Book|chapter=Israel|publisher=www.BanknoteNews.com|year=2012|location=San Francisco, CA|chapter-url=http://www.banknotebook.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ₪1, ₪5 ба ₪10 банкнотуудиинь үмэнэхи IS 1000, 5000, ба 10 000 банкнотуудай эжэл загбарые ашаглаһан болобошье номиналиинь ондоо байһан.

Хожомынь ₪1, ₪5 ба ₪10 банкнотуудые зоосоор һолигдоһон. Эдэгээр хэдэ хэдэн зоосые анханай хэблэлдэ банкнот дээрхи хүнүүдэй дүрсые һиилэһэн байһан.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%&quot;
!Зураг
!Үнэ сэн
!Хэмжээ
!Үнгэ
!Урда
!Арын
!Гаргалгын дата
!Гаралгын дата
|-
|[[Файл:Israel_1_Sheqel_1986_Obverse_&amp;_Reverse.jpg|265x265пкс]]
|₪1
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |76x 138&amp;nbsp;мм
|ногоон
|[[Маймонид]]
|Маймонидай хүдөөлһэн Тибери; Эртэнэй шулуун зула
|1986 оной 
5 һарын 8
|1995
|-
|[[Файл:Israel_5_New_Sheqalim_1987_Obverse_&amp;_Reverse.jpg|265x265пкс]]
|₪5
|хүхэ
|[[Леви Эшколь]]
|[[Бүхы израилиин уһанай хоолой|Үндэһэнэй резервуар]], таланууд ба үрэгүй газаруудые символизировалһан уһатай хоолой
|1985 оной
9 һарын 4
|1995
|-
|[[Файл:Israel_10_New_Sekel_1985_Obverse_&amp;_Reverse.jpg|265x265пкс]]
|₪10
|шара улаан
|[[Голда Меир]]
|Голда Меириин 1948 ондо Израилиин элшэн сайдай хубиар Москвада ерэхэдээ [[Москвагай хорой синагого|Москвагай хорой синагогын]] урада сугларһан хүнүүдэй дундахи зураг
|1985 оной 
9 һарын 4
|1995
|-
|[[Файл:Israel_20_New_Sheqalim_1993_Obverse_&amp;_Reverse.jpg|276x276пкс]]
|[[20 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪20]]
|хара боро
|[[Моше Шарет]]
|[[Герцлиягай Гимнази|Герцлиягай Гимназиин]] анханай байшан, ара таладахи Жэжэг [[Тель-Авив]] 
|1988 оной
4 һарын 2
|2000 оной 
7 һарын 1
|-
|[[Файл:Israel_50_New_Sheqalim_1992_front_&amp;_back.jpg|272x272пкс]]
|[[50 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪50]]
|ягаан хүхэ
|[[Шмуэль Йосеф Агнон]]
|Иерусалимай горизонт, Зүүн Европодохи газар, Агноной түүхэй болодог ябадалай газар.
|1985 оной 
9 һарын 4
|2000 оной 
7 һарын 1
|-
|[[Файл:Israel_100_New_Sheqalim_1995_front_&amp;_back.jpg|279x279пкс]]
|[[100 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪100]]
|хүрин
|[[Ицхак Бен-Цви]]
|[[Пкиинэй Синагого]], Эртэнэй шулуун зула
|1986 оной
8 һарын 19
|2000 оной
7 һарын 1
|-
|[[Файл:Israel_200_New_Sheqalim1994_Obverse_&amp;_Reverse.jpg|274x274пкс]]
|[[200 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪200]]
|улаан
|[[Залман Шазар]]
|Шазарай һанаашалһан Болбосоролой тухай хуулиин бэлгэдэл болгон шэрээ дээри бэшэжэ буй басаган, ба ара таладахи Еврей бараа үсэгнүүд
|1992 оной
2 һарын 16
|2000 оной
7 һарын 1
|}

=== B сери (1999–2017) ===
Хоёрдохи сериин банкнотуудые 1999 ондо гаргаһан ба 2005 он гэхэдэ анханай сериие орлоһон. [[Ицхак Рабин|Ицхак Рабинай]] хүрэгтэй ₪500 банкнот гаргаха план 1995 ондо Рабиные алагдаһанай дараахан зарлагдаһан. Гэбэшье инфляциин бага темптэй байһан тула энэ банкнот хиихэ зайлашагүй юумэнгүй байһан ба хэзээшье гаража байгаагүй.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.collect.co.il/objects/articles/03/0301/500_nis.jpg|title=The 500 NIS banknote that was never released (Obverse)|accessdate=2021-08-06|archivedate=2021-03-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210323082957/http://www.collect.co.il/objects/articles/03/0301/500_nis.jpg}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%&quot;
|+Шэнэ шекелиин хоёрдохи сери
!Зураг
!Үнэ сэн
!Хэмжээ
!Үнгэ
!Урда
!Ара
!Гаргалгын дата
|-
|[[Файл:Israel-20-New-Sheqalim-1998-revers.jpg|265x265пкс]][[Файл:Israel-20-New-Sheqalim-1998-avers.jpg|265x265пкс]]
|{{nowrap|[[20 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪20]]}}
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |71x 138&amp;nbsp;mm
|Ногоон
|[[Моше Шарет]]
|[[Дэлхэйн хоёрдугаар дайн|Дэлхэйн 2-р дайндахи]] Еврей һайн дураараа ябагшад; харуулай башни, мүнхэлэлгын башни ба сэлеэнэй зоомол хашаа 
|1999 оной 1 һарын 3
|-
|[[Файл:20_NIS_Bill_(polypropylene)_Obverse_&amp;_Reverse.jpg|276x276пкс]]
|{{nowrap|[[20 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪20]]}}
|Ногоон
|[[Моше Шарет]]
|[[Дэлхэйн хоёрдугаар дайн|Дэлхэйн 2-р дайндахи]] Еврей һайн дураараа ябагшад; харуулай башни, мүнхэлэлгын башни ба сэлеэнэй зоомол хашаа. Нэмэлтэ полипропилен банкнот дээрхи Ивридээр бэшэгдэһэн &quot;Израиль уласай 60 жэл&quot; гэһэн улаан текст.
([[Полипропилен]], [[Полимер|полимерэй]] субстратаар хиигдэһэн, ба эрьелтын хугасаа хэдэхэн сарын хугасаатай юрын B сериин банкнотһоо үлүү юм. Полимер банкнотые [[Швейцари|Швейцариин]] [[Цюрих]] хотын [[Orell Füssli]] Аюулгүй Принтингдэ хэблэгдэһэн)
|2008 оной 4 һарын 13
|-
|[[Файл:50_NIS_Bill_Obverse_&amp;_Reverse.jpg|276x276пкс]]
|{{nowrap|[[50 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪50]]}}
|Ягаан хүхэ
|[[Шмуэль Йосеф Агнон]]
|Агноной блокнот ручка ба нюдэнэй шэл, [[Иерусалим]] ба [[Сүмын Уула]]
|1999 оной 10 һарын 31
|-
|[[Файл:100_NIS_Bill_Obverse_&amp;_Reverse.jpg|276x276пкс]]
|{{nowrap|[[100 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪100]]}}
|Хүрин
|[[Ицхак Бен-Цви]]
|[[Пкиинэй Синагого]]
|1999 оной 1 һарын 3
|-
|[[Файл:200_NIS_Bill_Obverse_&amp;_Reverse.jpg|276x276пкс]]
|{{nowrap|[[200 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪200]]}}
|Улаан
|[[Залман Шазар]]
|[[Цфат|Цфатдахи]] гудамжа ба Цфатай тухай Шазарай эссегэй текст
|1999 оной 10 һарын 31
|-
| 
|{{nowrap|₪500}}
|Хүхэ
|[[Ицхак Рабин]]
|Наһа бараһан Юрэнхы Сайдай алагдахын урдахана хэлэһэн үгын нэгэ хэсэг&lt;ref&gt;{{citation|publisher=Bulletin of the Numismatics Association in Israel|title=שטר בסימן שאלה|url=http://www.collect.co.il/content.aspx?id=301|date=October 2005}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210113002656/http://www.collect.co.il/content.aspx?id=301 |date=2021-01-13 }} {{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.collect.co.il/content.aspx?id=301 |accessdate=2021-08-06 |archivedate=2021-01-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210113002656/http://www.collect.co.il/content.aspx?id=301 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Хэзээшье хэблэгдээгүй
|}
{{Clear}}

=== C сери (2014–мүнөө үе) ===
The committee proposed that the new series would bear the portraits of prominent Hebrew poets, among them [[Rachel Bluwstein]], [[Shaul Tchernichovsky]], [[Leah Goldberg]] and [[Nathan Alterman]]. 2010 оной 12 һарада энэ серидэ [[Менахем Бегин]], [[Ицхак Рабин]], Рахель, [[Шмуэль Йосеф Агнон]] нарын хүрэгые оруулха болоно гэжэ мэдэгдэһэн.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/press/eng/101219/101219n.htm Press release, Bank of Israel] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120329113712/http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/press/eng/101219/101219n.htm |date=2012-03-29 }}, 19 December 2009&lt;/ref&gt; Бегинэй гэр бүлынхан энэ шиидхэбэриие эсэргүүсэхэдэ хорооной анханай һаналые дахин абаһан.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/press/eng/110310/110310g.htm Press release, Bank of Israel] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120329113848/http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/press/eng/110310/110310g.htm |date=2012-03-29 }}, 10 March 2011&lt;/ref&gt;

2012 оной 11 һарын 14-дэ, Израилиин Банк банкнотын шэжэ серинь бэлэдхэлгын эсэсэй шатада ороһоные зарлаһан. Шэнэ банкнотууд анха 2014 оной 9 һарын 16-да [[50 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪50]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-4569467,00.html|script-title=he:השטר החדש הושק: &quot;יהי קשה לזייף שטרות&quot;|date=10 September 2014|access-date=10 September 2014|publisher=[[ynet]]|language=he|trans-title=The new banknote was launched: &quot;It will be difficult to counterfeit banknotes&quot;}}&lt;/ref&gt; дараань 2015 оной 12 һарын 23-да [[200 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪200]] эрьелтэдэ ороһон.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.globes.co.il/en/article-israels-new-nis-200-banknote-enters-circulation-today-1001090436|title=Israel's new NIS 200 note enters circulation today|date=23 December 2015|access-date=23 December 2015|publisher=[[Globes (newspaper)|Globes]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Эсэсэй хоёр номиналууд, [[20 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪20]] ба [[100 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪100]], 2017 оной 11 һарын 23-да эрьелтэдэ орожо, &quot;C сери&quot; банктнотуудай сериие дүүргэһэн.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.boi.org.il/en/NewsAndPublications/PressReleases/Pages/16-11-17-NewBankNotes.aspx Press release, Bank of Israel: The next banknotes in the new series – the NIS 20 and NIS 100 banknotes – will be distributed to the public on from Thursday, November 23, 2017 – 5 Kislev 5778] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417075710/http://www.boi.org.il/en/NewsAndPublications/PressReleases/Pages/16-11-17-NewBankNotes.aspx |date=April 17, 2021 }} Bank of Israel (www.bankisrael.gov.il). 16 November 2017&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.boi.org.il/en/NewsAndPublications/PressReleases/Pages/14112012-a.aspx Press release, Bank of Israel: Information on the new series of banknotes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501161338/http://www.boi.org.il/en/NewsAndPublications/PressReleases/Pages/14112012-a.aspx |date=2013-05-01 }} 14 November 2012&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/en/NewsAndPublications/PressReleases/Pages/280413-a.aspx Press release by the Bank of Israel: Images and descriptions on the new series of Israeli new shekel banknotes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161115123955/http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/en/NewsAndPublications/PressReleases/Pages/280413-a.aspx |date=2016-11-15 }} Bank of Israel (www.bankisrael.gov.il). 28 April 2013. Retrieved on 1 May 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

Гурбадахи сериие гаргаһанаар [[Израилиин Банк]] мүнгэн тэмдэгтынхээ англи хэлэнэй бэшэгэй стандартые ''шекель'' болгоһон.&lt;ref&gt;{{citation|contribution=Third Series of the New Shekel|contribution-url=http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/en/Currency/CurrentCurrencySeries/Pages/Default.aspx#Top|url=http://www.boi.org.il/en/Currency/Pages/Default.aspx|title=Currency|publisher=[[Bank of Israel]]}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210325085651/https://www.boi.org.il/en/Currency/Pages/Default.aspx |date=2021-03-25 }} {{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://www.boi.org.il/en/Currency/Pages/Default.aspx |accessdate=2026-02-28 |archivedate=2021-03-25 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210325085651/https://www.boi.org.il/en/Currency/Pages/Default.aspx }}&lt;/ref&gt; Үмэнэнь Банкиинь ''шекель'' ба ''шекалим'' ({{lang|he|שְׁקָלִים|rtl=yes}}) гэһэн Еврей транскрипциие албан ёһоор ашаглажа байһан.&lt;ref name=&quot;boiboi&quot;&gt;{{citation|contribution=Second Series of the New Shekel|contribution-url=http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/en/Currency/CurrentCurrencySeries/Pages/Default.aspx#Top|url=http://www.boi.org.il/en/Currency/Pages/Default.aspx|title=Currency|publisher=Bank of Israel}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210325085651/https://www.boi.org.il/en/Currency/Pages/Default.aspx |date=2021-03-25 }} {{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://www.boi.org.il/en/Currency/Pages/Default.aspx |accessdate=2026-02-28 |archivedate=2021-03-25 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210325085651/https://www.boi.org.il/en/Currency/Pages/Default.aspx }}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Банкнотуудые Швейцариин [[Orell Füssli|Orell Füssli Аюулгүй Принтингын]] газар хэблэһэн.&lt;ref name=&quot;fussli1&quot; /&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%&quot;
! colspan=&quot;8&quot; |Шэнэ Шекелиин Гурбадахи Сери
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Зураг
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Үнэ сэн
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Хэмжээ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Үнгэ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Бэшэжэ харуулга
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Гаргалгын дата
|-
!Урда
!Арын
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:right; background-color:#000;&quot; |[[Файл:20_New_Sheqalim2017_Obverse_&amp;_Reverse.png|99x99пкс]]
|{{nowrap|[[20 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪20]]}}
|129 × 71&amp;nbsp;мм
| style=&quot;background-color:#F00;&quot; |
|Улаан
|[[Рахель Блувштейн]]; [[Микрохэблэл|микрохэблэлдэхи]] ''Кинерет'' шүлэг; хойто таладахи Пальмын һалаа
|Галилейн далайн эрьеын линиин үзэмжэ; ''Магадгүй энэнь юушье бэшэ байһан байха…'' шүлэгэй отрывок
|2017 оной 11 һарын 23
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:right; background-color:#000;&quot; |[[Файл:50_New_Sheqalim2014_Obverse_&amp;_Reverse.png|99x99пкс]]
|{{nowrap|[[50 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪50]]}}
|136 × 71&amp;nbsp;мм
| style=&quot;background-color:#090;&quot; |
|Ногоон
|[[Шаул Черниховский]]; микрохэблэлдэхи ''Оо, Газармни, Эхэ оромни'' шүлэг; Цитрусова модо ба хойто таладахи жэмэс
|Коринфын баханын капитель;  ''Би этихэжэ байна'' шүлэгэй отрывок
|2014 оной 9 һарын 16
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:right; background-color:#000;&quot; |[[Файл:100_New_Sheqalim2017_Obverse_&amp;_Reverse.png|100x100пкс]]
|{{nowrap|[[100 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪100]]}}
|143 × 71&amp;nbsp;мм
| style=&quot;background-color:#F90;&quot; |
|Шара улаан
|[[Леа Гольдберг]]; микрохэблэлдэхи ''Минии дуратай орондо бүйлсын модод сэсэглэжэ байна'' шүлэг; Хойто таладахи сэсэглэжэ буй Бүйлсын модо
|Газелиин бүлэг; ''Сагаан үдэрнүүд'' шүлэгэй отрывок
|2017 оной 11 һарын 23
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:right; background-color:#000;&quot; |[[Файл:200_New_Sheqalim2015_Obverse_&amp;_Reverse.png|105x105пкс]]
|{{nowrap|[[200 шэнэ шекелиин банкнот|₪200]]}}
|150 × 71&amp;nbsp;мм
| style=&quot;background-color:#09F;&quot; |
|Хүхэ
|[[Натан Альтерман]]; микрохэблэлдэхи ''Мүнхын Уулзалга'' шүлэг; Хойто таладахи Намарай набша
|Һарын флоро; ''Үглөөнэй Дуун'' шүлэгэй отрывок
|2015 оной 12 һарын 23
|-
| colspan=&quot;8&quot; |{{Standard banknote table notice|standard_scale=Y|BrE=Y}}
|}

== Мүнгэнэй сэн ==
[[Файл:Euro_exchange_rate_to_ILS.svg|мини|368x368пкс|Шекелдэхи нэгэ еврогой үнэ (2011 онһоо).]]
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left; margin:1em auto 1em auto;&quot;
|+ILS валют бүри, жэлэй дундуур
!Валюта
![[ISO 4217]]
!Единицэ
!1986
!1991
!1996
!2001
!2006
!2011
!2016
|-
|[[АНУ-ай доллар]]
|USD
|1
|1.36
|2.59
|3.36
|4.22
|4.47
|3.46
|3.77
|-
|[[Зүблэлтэ Холбооной рубль]]
|SUR&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;
|1
|1.80
|4.61
| bgcolor=&quot;#EEEFE4&quot; |
| bgcolor=&quot;#EEEFE4&quot; |
| bgcolor=&quot;#EEEFE4&quot; |
| bgcolor=&quot;#EEEFE4&quot; |
| bgcolor=&quot;#EEEFE4&quot; |
|-
|[[Ородой рубль]]
|RUB
|1
| bgcolor=&quot;#EEEFE4&quot; |
| bgcolor=&quot;#EEEFE4&quot; |
|0.62
|0.14
|0.16
|0.12
|0.05
|-
|[[Японой иен]]
|JPY
|100
|0.81
|1.87
|3.16
|3.42
|4.00
|4.27
|3.44
|-
|[[Фунт стерлинг]]
|GBP
|1
|2.07
|4.47
|5.16
|6.10
|8.36
|5.53
|5.15
|-
|[[Германиин марк]]
|DEM&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|1
|0.61
|1.50
|2.22
| bgcolor=&quot;#EEEFE4&quot; |''1.86''
| bgcolor=&quot;#EEEFE4&quot; |''2.89''
| bgcolor=&quot;#EEEFE4&quot; |''2.51''
| bgcolor=&quot;#EEEFE4&quot; |''2.17''
|-
|[[Франци франк]]
|FRF&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;
|1
|0.19
|0.44
|0.65
| bgcolor=&quot;#EEEFE4&quot; |''0.55''
| bgcolor=&quot;#EEEFE4&quot; |''0.86''
| bgcolor=&quot;#EEEFE4&quot; |''0.75''
| bgcolor=&quot;#EEEFE4&quot; |''0.65''
|-
|[[Евро]]
|EUR
|1
| bgcolor=&quot;#EEEFE4&quot; |
| bgcolor=&quot;#EEEFE4&quot; |
| bgcolor=&quot;#EEEFE4&quot; |
|3.63
|5.65
|4.91
|4.25
|-
|[[Швейцариин франк]]
|CHF
|1
|0.73
|1.78
|2.68
|2.37
|3.67
|4.14
|3.89
|-
|[[Иорданиин динар]]
|JOD
|1
|4.25
|3.34
|4.50
|5.89
|6.44
|4.81
|5.32
|-
|[[Египетын фунт]]
|EGP
|1
|2.12
|0.72
|0.94
|1.07
|0.77
|0.57
|0.42
|-
|[[БНХАУ-ай юань]] 
|CNY
|1
|0.39
|0.47
|0.39
|0.50
|0.55
|0.55
|0.58
|-
| colspan=&quot;10&quot; |*&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; [[Зүблэлтэ Холбооной рубль|SUR]] 1993 ондо бии байха болижо, [[Ородой рубль|RUB]]-ээр орлогдоһон.
&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; [[Германиин марк|DEM]] 1999 ондо бии байха болижо, [[Евро|EUR]]-оор орлогдоһон.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; [[Франци франк|FRF]] 1999 ондо бии байха болижо, [[Евро|EUR]]-оор орлогдоһон.
|}
{{Exchange rate|ILS|RUB|CNY|USD}}

== Мүн үзэхэ ==

* [[Израилиин Банк]]
* [[Израилиин Эдэй засаг]]

== Зүүлтэ ==
&lt;references responsive=&quot;&quot; /&gt;{{Historical currencies of Israel}}</text>
      <sha1>qfpr6istdg8w5q84qfprfeob614ixo0</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>2022</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>74937</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-25T00:00:34Z</timestamp>
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      <text bytes="56060" sha1="nocl9id24h5kg3aem1rhq0wzbx05yfz" xml:space="preserve">{{C21 year in topic}}
'''2022 он''' ('''[[Римэй тоо|MMXXII]]''') гү, али '''Хоёр мянга хорин хоёр он''', '''Хоёр мянган хоринхоёрдугаар он''' — [[Гарагай долоон|бямба]]да эхэлһэн [[ердын жэл]] юм. [[Григориин литэ|Григориин тоолол]] гү, али [[Нийтийн тоолол]] ёһоор ''[[Манай эрин]]''-эй 2022 дахи он болоод [[3 дахи мянган]] болон [[21-р зуун]]ай 22 дахи, [[2020-д он]]ой 3 дахи он болоно.

[[Нэгэдэһэн Үндэһэтэнэй Байгуулга]] 2022 ониие Уласхоорондын Бүдүүлиг Загаһа барилга ба Уһан соёлой Жэл,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://undocs.org/A/RES/72/72|title=International Year of Artisanal Fisheries and Aquaculture|website=United Nations|access-date=February 15, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Тогтууритай хүгжөөлгын Уласхоорондын Фундаментальна Эрдэм ухаанай Жэл,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://undocs.org/en/A/RES/76/14|title=International Year of Basic Sciences for Sustainable Development|website=United Nations|access-date=December 30, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Уула|Уулын]] Тогтууритай Хүгжөөлгые Дэмжэхэ Уласхоорондын Жэл,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://undocs.org/pdf?symbol=en/A/76/L.28|title=International Year of Sustainable Mountain Development|website=United Nations|access-date=December 30, 2021|accessdate=February 7, 2022|archivedate=December 19, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211219214914/https://undocs.org/pdf?symbol=en%2FA%2F76%2FL.28}}&lt;/ref&gt; ба Уласхоорондын [[Шэл|Шэлэй]] Жэл&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://undocs.org/A/RES/75/279|title=International Year of Glass|website=United Nations|access-date=July 17, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; болгон зарлаһан.

== Үйл ябадал ==
&lt;!-- Important international events only --&gt;

=== 1 һара ===
* [[1 һарын 1]] – Дэлхэйн хамагай томо [[Сүлөөтэ худалдаан|сүлөөтэ худалдаанай]] бүһэ болохо [[Бүһэ Нютагай Бүхы Талын Эдэй Засагай Партнёрство]] нь [[Австрали]], [[Брүнэй|Бруней]], [[Кампучи]], [[Хитад]], [[Япон Улас|Япон]], [[Лаос]], [[Шэнэ Зеланд]], [[Сингапур]], [[Тайланд]] ба [[Вьетнам]] уласуудта ороһон.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-01-01|title=World's largest free trade deal is under way, but what is RCEP?|url=https://www.scmp.com/economy/global-economy/article/3161707/what-rcep-worlds-largest-free-trade-deal-under-way|access-date=2022-01-01|website=South China Morning Post|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 2]]
** Шуһата эсэргүүсэлтын үеэр [[Абдалла Хамдук]] нь [[Суданай засагай толгойлогшодой жагсаалта|Суданай Юрэнхы сайдай]] тушаалһаа бууба.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|first1=Alaa |last1=Elassar |first2=Pierre |last2=Meilhan |title=Sudan's Prime Minister resigns amid violent anti-coup protests that have left at least 57 people dead|url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/01/02/world/sudan-protest-killed-anti-coup-security-forces/index.html|date=2022-01-02|website=CNN}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** [[Нефтиин сэн]] үндэрһээ боложо [[2022 оной Казахстандахи эсэргүүсэлтэ|2022 оной Казахай үймөөн]] эхилһэн.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Lillis|first=Joanna|date=2022-01-03|title=Kazakhstan: Gas price hike fuels Zhanaozen protests|url=https://eurasianet.org/kazakhstan-gas-price-hike-fuels-zhanaozen-protests|url-status=live|access-date=2022-01-04|website=eurasianet.org|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 4]] – [[НҮБ-ын Аюулгүйн Зүблэл|НҮБ-ын Аюулгүйн Зүблэлэй]] бүхы [[НҮБ-ын Аюулгүйн Зүблэлэй Үргэлжын Гэшүүд|үргэлжын табан гэшүүн]]—[[Хитад]], [[Франци]], [[Оросой холбоото улас|Орос]], [[Нэгэдэһэн Хаанта Улас]] ба [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас]]—&quot;[[Ядрогой дайн|Ядрогой дайнда]] илаха аргагүй ба хэзээшье тулалдажа болохогүй.&quot; гэһэн хомор хамтарһан мэдүүлгэ гаргаба.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=4 January 2022|title='No one can win a nuclear war': Superpowers release rare joint statement| url=https://www.smh.com.au/world/europe/no-one-can-win-a-nuclear-war-superpowers-release-rare-joint-statement-20220104-p59lmf.html|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|access-date=4 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;    
*[[1 һарын 5]] – [[Казахстан]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;да [[2022 оной Казахстандахи эсэргүүсэлтэ|2022 ондо болоһон үймөөнтэй]] холбогдуулан улас даяар [[онсо байдал]] зарлаба. Юрэнхы сайд [[Аскар Мамин|Аскар Маминай]] кабинет отставкада гаража, харин юрэнхылэгшэ [[Касым-Жомарт Токаев]], гүрэнэй жэнхэни засаг гэгдэдэг, [[Нурсултан Назарбаев]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;ые [[Казахстанай Аюулгүй Байдалай Зүблэл]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;эй түрүүлэгшын тушаалһаань гаргаба.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Auyezov|first=Olzhas|date=2022-01-05|title=Kazakh protesters torch public buildings; emergency declared, Cabinet resigns|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/kazakhstan-government-resigns-after-violent-protests-over-fuel-price-2022-01-05/|access-date=2022-01-05}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=Satubaldina|first1=Assel|last2=January 2022|first2=Zhanna Shayakhmetova in Nation on 5|date=2022-01-05|title=Kazakhstan Declares State of Emergency After Fuel Price Protests|url=https://astanatimes.com/2022/01/kazakhstan-declares-state-of-emergency-after-fuel-price-protests/|access-date=2022-01-05|website=The Astana Times|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=5 January 2022|title=Kazakhstan is in turmoil after massive protests force the government to resign|url=https://www.npr.org/2022/01/05/1070622365/kazakhstan-is-in-turmoil-after-massive-protests-force-the-government-to-resign?t=1641430408915|url-status=live|access-date=7 January 2022|website=[[NPR]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 6]] – [[Казахстан Уласай Юрэнхылэгшэ|Казахстанай юрэнхылэгшэ]] [[Касым-Жомарт Токаев|Токаевай]] гуйлтын дагуу [[Хамтын Аюулгүй Байдалай Хэрээнэй Байгуулга|ХАБХБ]], Оросой десантникуудай хамта, [[Энхые сахюулга|энхые сахюулха]] багые Казахстанда табиба.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=6 January 2022|title=Russian paratroopers arrive in Kazakhstan as unrest continues|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jan/06/shots-heard-in-kazakhstan-as-protests-enter-third-day|url-status=live|access-date=7 January 2022|website=[[The Guardian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 7]] – [[Коронавирус тахал|COVID-19 тахал]]: Дэлхэй даяар [[COVID-19]] тохёолдолой тоо 300 саяһаа үлүү гараба.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=7 January 2022|title=Global Coronavirus Cases Top 300 Million| url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/01/06/world/omicron-covid-vaccine-tests|work=The New York Times|access-date=7 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 9]] – [[2 һарын 6]] – [[2021 оной Африкын Үндэһэтэнэй Хундагын Тэмсээн|2021 оной Африкын Хундагын Тэмсээн]] нь [[Камерун]] уласда боложо, [[Сенегал]] [[2021 оной Африкын Үндэһэтэнэй Хундагын Тэмсээнэй Финал|анханай удаа абарга]] болобо.&lt;ref name=&quot;draw postponed2&quot;&gt;{{cite news|date=6 June 2021|title=CAF postpones TotalEnergies Africa Cup final draw, new date to be set soon|publisher=CAF|url=https://www.cafonline.com/news-center/news/caf-postpones-totalenergies-africa-cup-final-draw-new-date-to-be-set-soon|access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Senegal vs. Egypt - Football Match Report - February 6, 2022 - ESPN|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/report/_/gameId/629153|access-date=2022-02-07|website=ESPN.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 10]] – АНУ-ай Мэриленд можын [[Балтимор]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;до анханай амжалтатай [[Ксенотрансплантаци|гахайһаа хүн]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;дэ [[Зүрхэн абаашажа һуулгалга|зүрхэн абаашажа һуулгаха]] операци болобо.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=10 January 2022|title=University of Maryland School of Medicine Faculty Scientists and Clinicians Perform Historic First Successful Transplant of Porcine Heart into Adult Human with End-Stage Heart Disease| url=https://www.umms.org/ummc/news/2022/first-successful-transplant-of-porcine-heart-into-adult-human-heart|work=University of Maryland Medical Center|access-date=11 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=10 January 2022|title=Man gets genetically-modified pig heart in world-first transplant| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-59944889|work=BBC News|access-date=11 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 15]] – [[Тонга]] дахи [[Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai|Хунга-Тонга]] уһан доорохи вулканай [[2022 оной Хунга-Тонгагай дэлбэрэлгэ ба цунами|дэлбэрэлгэ]], Австрали, Канада, Чили, Фиджи, Япон, Шэнэ Зеланд, Самоа ба АНУ-да [[Цунами|цунамигай]] һануулгые дуудаба.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=15 January 2022|title=Get away from shore - US and Japan warn on tsunami| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-60007119|work=BBC News|access-date=15 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 16]] &amp;ndash; Теннисэй Дэлхэйн Но. 1 чемпион [[Новак Джокович]] [[2022 оной Австралиин нээлтэтэй тэмсээн|2022 оной Австралиин нээлтэтэй тэмсээндэ]] орохоһоо һаад хэһэн, [[COVID-19-дэ эсэргүү вакцина|COVID-19-дэ эсэргүү тарилгатай]] холбоотой суутай сүүдэй хэрэг гараһанай уламһаа Австралиһаа албадан гаргагдаба.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=16 January 2022|title=Novak Djokovic: Tennis star deported after losing Australia visa battle| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-australia-60014059|work=BBC News|access-date=16 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=16 January 2022|title=Novak Djokovic leaves Australia after court rejects visa challenge| url=https://edition.cnn.com/2022/01/16/tennis/novak-djokovic-australian-open-federal-court-hearing-spt-intl-hnk/index.html|work=CNN|access-date=16 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=16 January 2022|title=Novak Djokovic visa saga LIVE: Djokovic to miss 2022 Australian Open after losing court case| url=https://www.smh.com.au/sport/tennis/novak-djokovic-visa-saga-live-tennis-star-back-before-court-ahead-of-2022-australian-open-20220116-p59oje.html|work=Sydney Morning Herald|access-date=16 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 18]] – Америкын [[Microsoft]] хампаани [[Activision Blizzard]]-ые 68.7 тэрбум доллараар абаха һанаанаа зарлаба. Энэ гэрээ нь технологиин хампааниин хамагай томо абалга юм.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Microsoft to buy embattled Activision Blizzard for $68.7 billion|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/microsoft-activision-blizzard-acquisition/|access-date=2022-01-19|website=www.cbsnews.com|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 19]] – [[Барбадосой парламентын һунгуули (2022)|2022 оной Барбадосой парламентын һунгуули]]: [[Барбадосой лейбористска нам]] хоёрдохи удаа [[Барбадосой Суглаанай Танхим|Барбадосой Суглаанай Танхимай]] бүхы 30 һуудалые абаһан.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-01-20|title=Another 30-0|url=https://www.nationnews.com/2022/01/20/another-30-0/|access-date=2022-01-27|website=www.nationnews.com|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 23]] 
**[[&quot;Ана&quot; Тропическа Далайн Шуурган (2022)|&quot;Ана&quot; Тропическа Далайн Шуурга]] нь [[Мадагаскар]], [[Малави]] ба [[Мозамбик]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;да 115 хүниие алажа, хэдэн үдэрэй дараахи [[2022 оной Антананаривугай үер|хэдэ хэдэн үер]] нь Мадагаскарда 11 хүниие алаба.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2022/jan/25/at-least-four-killed-after-tropical-storm-ana-hits-malawi-and-mozambique&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Malawi hit by flooding caused by tropical storm Ana; 1 dead|url=https://www.sfgate.com/news/amp/Malawi-hit-by-flooding-caused-by-tropical-storm-16802904.php%20http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/20220125/c85d3ca6f72c4495aeb8c8306556fc10/c.html|access-date=25 January 2022|publisher=Sfgate}}&lt;/ref&gt;
**[[Буркино-Фасо]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;до [[Буркино-Фасогой сэрэгэй урбалта (2022)|сэрэгэй урбалта]] гаража, юрэнхылэгшэ [[Рок Марк Кристиан Каборе|Рок Каборегые]] засагһаа зайлуулба. Буркиногой сэрэгэйнхид урбалта хиихэ болоһон шалтагаанаа засагай газар улас доторхи [[Лалын дайшад|Лалын дайшадай]] ябуулгые хизаарлажа шадахагүй гэжэ нэрлэбэ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2022-01-27|title=Burkina Faso coup: Return of the military strongmen to West Africa|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-60138129|access-date=2022-01-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2022-01-28|title=Burkina Faso: New leader gives first speech since ousting president|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-60164531|access-date=2022-01-28}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* [[1 һарын 28]] &amp;ndash; COVID-19 тахал: Дэлхэй даяар вакцинжуулалгын тоо 10 тэрбум дабаба.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=28 January 2022|title=The world surpasses 10 billion vaccine doses administered, but gaps persist in who gets the shots.| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/28/world/covid-vaccines-10-billion-doses.html|work=The New York Times|access-date=29 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 29]] – [[2022 оной Италиин юрэнхылэгшын һунгуули]]: Серджо Маттарелла Италиин юрэнхылэгшээр дахин һунгагдаба.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last1=Jones|first1=Gavin|last2=Amante|first2=Angelo|date=2022-01-29|title=Italy re-elects President Mattarella|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/italian-parties-disarray-presidential-vote-limps-2022-01-29/|access-date=2022-01-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 30]] – [[2022 оной Португалай парламентын һунгуули]]: [[Антониу Кошта|Антониу Коштагай]] ударидадаг, [[Социалис Нам (Португал)|Социалис Нам]], 117 һуудалтай &quot;гэнтын&quot; олонхиие абаба.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2022-01-31|title=Portugal election: Socialists win unexpected majority|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-60194375|access-date=2022-02-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2 һара ===
* [[2 һарын 3]] 
** [[Лалын Улас]] бүлгэмэй ударидагша [[Абу Ибрагим аль-Хашеми аль-Кураши]] нь [[Сири|Сириин]] баруун-хойто хэсэгтэ [[АНУ-ай тусхай операциин хүсэн|АНУ-ай тусхай хүсэн]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;эй [[Контртерроризм|контртеррорист]] дайралтын үеэр алагдаба.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=3 February 2022|title=Islamic State leader Abu Ibrahim al-Qurayshi killed in Syria, US says|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-60246129|access-date=3 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** [[Коронавирус тахал|COVID-19 тахал]]: [[Энэдхэг]] нь [[Америкын Нэгэдэһэн Улас|АНУ]] ба [[Бразил|Бразилай]] дараагаар COVID-19-эй уламһаа наһа бараһан хүнэй тоо 500,000 дабаһан гурбадахи гүрэн болобо.&lt;ref&gt; https://www.reuters.com/world/india/india-reports-over-500000-deaths-covid-19-experts-count-millions-more-2022-02-04/ &lt;/ref&gt;

* [[2 һарын 4]] &amp;#x2013; Хитад ба Орос [[НАТО]]-гой үргэдхэлгые эсэргүүсэһэн мэдүүлгэ гаргажа, [[AUKUS]]-ай аюулгүй байдалай хэрээндэ &quot;серьёзно һанаагаа зобожо&quot; байгаагаа хэлэһэн, ба олон асуудалаар хамта хүдэлхээ зарлаба.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=5 February 2022|title=China joins Russia in opposing Nato expansion|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-60257080|access-date=7 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* [[2 һарын 4]] – [[2 һарын 20]] – [[2022 оной Үбэлэй Олимпиин наадан|2022 оной Үбэлэй Олимп]] нь Хитадай [[Бээжэн|Бээжэндэ]] зохёогдожо, энэнь хотые [[Зунай Олимпиин наадан|Зунай Олимп]] ба [[Үбэлэй Олимпиин наадан|Үбэлэй Олимпые]] хоюулангын зохёон байгуулһан анханай хото болгобо.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=2022 Olympics - Next Winter Olympic Games {{!}} Beijing 2022|url=https://www.olympic.org/beijing-2022|date=May 28, 2020|website=International Olympic Committee|access-date=May 29, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[2 һарын 5]] – [[Батсирай циклон|&quot;Батсирай&quot; Циклон]] нь Мадагаскар, [[Урда Африка (улас)|Урда Африка]], [[Маврикий]], ба [[Реюньон]] зэргэ нютагта 115 хүниие алаһан [[&quot;Ана&quot; Тропическа Далайн Шуурган (2022)|&quot;Ана&quot; Далайн Шуургын]] дараа хоёр долоо хоногой дараа ниитэ 13 хүниие алаба.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Cyclone kills at least 10 in Madagascar, destroying homes and cutting power |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/least-three-dead-after-cyclone-batsirai-causes-devastation-southeast-madagascar-2022-02-06/ |publisher=&lt;nowiki&gt;[{Reuters]]&lt;/nowiki&gt; |access-date=6 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[2 һарын 6]] – [[II Елизавета|Хатан хаан II Елизавета]] өөрын [[II Елизавета Платинын Ойн Баяр|Платинын ойн баяраа]] тэмдэглэжэ, хаан шэрээндэ 70 жэл һууһан анханай Британиин монарх болобо.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Prince Charles leads Jubilee tributes to 'remarkable' Queen|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-60279585|date=February 6, 2022|access-date=February 6, 2022|website=BBC News}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[2 һарын 8]] – [[Коронавирус тахал|COVID-19 тахал]]: Дэлхэй даяар [[COVID-19]] тохёолдолой тоо 400 саяһаа үлүү гараба.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.pharmaceutical-technology.com/news/covid-19-update/&lt;/ref&gt;

== Таамаглагдаһан ба түсэблэгдэһэн ябадалнууд ==
* [[3 һара]] – [[ЦЕРН]]-эй [[Ехэ Адронна Коллайдер|Ехэ Адронна Коллайдерай]] 3 дахи ябуулга эхилнэ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://home.cern/news/news/accelerators/new-schedule-cerns-accelerators-and-experiments|title = New schedule for CERN's accelerators and experiments}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[3 һарын 9]] – [[2022 оной Урда Солонгосой юрэнхылэгшын һунгуули]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Kim|first=Hyung-A.|title=S Korea presidential poll: Choosing the lesser of two evils|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2021/12/22/sk-presidential-election-choosing-the-lesser-of-the-two-evils|access-date=2022-01-13|website=www.aljazeera.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[3 һарын 27]] – [[2022 оной Хонконгын Гүйсэдхэхэ засаглалай Толгойлогшын һунгуули]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=13 April 2021|title=Legco election to be held on December 19|work=The Standard|url=https://www.thestandard.com.hk/breaking-news/section/4/169539/Legco-election-to-be-held-on-December-19|url-status=live|access-date=13 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026202651/https://www.thestandard.com.hk/breaking-news/section/4/169539/Legco-election-to-be-held-on-December-19|archive-date=26 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[3 һарын 31]] – [[Дубай|Дубайда]] болохо [[2020 оной Бүхэдэлхэйн Үзэсхэлэн]] 6-һара ажалһанай дараа хаагдана; анха 2021 оной 4 һарын 10-да түсэблэгдэжэ байһан болобошье [[Коронавирус тахал|COVID-19 тахалай]] уламһаа хойшолуулагдаһан.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Magyar|first=Judith|title=SAP BrandVoice: Experience Expo 2020 Dubai – A Window To The Future|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/sap/2022/01/07/experience-expo-2020-dubai--a-window-to-the-future/|access-date=2022-01-13|website=Forbes|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[4 һарын 3]]
**[[2022 оной Сербиин бүхы ниитын һунгуули]]: [[Серби Уласай Юрэнхылэгшэ|Юрэнхылэгшын]] тушаал ба [[Үндэһэнэй Ассамблей (Серби)|Үндэһэнэй Ассамблейн]] бүхы 250 һуудал һунгагдана.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Izbori 3. aprila|url=https://www.b92.net/info/vesti/index.php?yyyy=2021&amp;mm=09&amp;dd=02&amp;nav_category=11&amp;nav_id=1916460|access-date=2021-09-02|website=B92.net|language=sr-Latn-RS}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-10-23|title=Nova.rs: Predsednički, parlamentarni i beogradski izbori 3. aprila|url=https://rs.n1info.com/vesti/nova-rs-predsednicki-parlamentarni-i-beogradski-izbori-3-aprila/|access-date=2021-10-23|website=N1|language=sr-RS}}&lt;/ref&gt;
**[[2022 оной Унгарай парламентын һунгуули|Унгарай парламентын һунгуули]] 2022 ондо болохоор түсэблэгдэһэн.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url= https://www.economist.com/the-world-ahead/2021/11/08/could-viktor-orban-be-voted-out-of-office|title= Could Viktor Orban be voted out of office?|newspaper= [[The Economist]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[4 һарын 10]] – [[2022 оной Франциин юрэнхылэгшын һунгуули]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Reuters|date=2022-01-12|title=Second round of French election could see conservative Pecresse level with Macron -poll|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/second-round-french-election-could-see-conservative-pecresse-level-with-macron-2022-01-12/|access-date=2022-01-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[5 һарын 9]] – [[2022 оной Филиппинын бүхы ниитын һунгуули]]: [[Филиппинын Юрэнхылэгшэ|Юрэнхылэгшын]] тушаал, [[Филиппинын Сенат|Сенатай]] хахад, [[Филиппинын Түлөөлэгшын Танхим|Түлөөлэгшын Танхимай]] бүхы һуудал, ба можо, нютагай хуули гаргалгын суглаануудай олон һуудалнууд һунгагдана.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Philippine presidential election: who's running, who's favorite and what's their China policy?|url=https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/3151736/philippine-presidential-election-whos-running-whos-favourite-and|access-date=2021-10-09|website=South China Morning Post|date=October 9, 2021|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[5 һарын 10]]–[[5 һарын 14|14]] – [[Итали|Италиин]] [[Турин|Туринда]] болохо [[Евровидение Дуунай Тэмсээн 2022]].&lt;ref name=&quot;host city&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-10-08|title=Turin, Italy, to host the 66th Eurovision Song Contest in May 2022|url=https://eurovision.tv/story/turin-to-host-eurovision-2022|url-status=live|access-date=2021-10-08|website=Eurovision.tv|publisher=European Broadcasting Union (EBU)|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[5 һарын 28]] – [[2021–22 оной УЕФА Абаргуудай Лига]] финал ОХУ-ай [[Санкт-Петербург]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;ын [[Газпром Арена]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;да болобо
* [[5 һарын 29]] – [[2022 оной Колумбиин юрэнхылэгшын һунгуули]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=2022 Elections in Latin America: A Preview|url=https://www.as-coa.org/articles/2022-elections-latin-america-preview|access-date=2022-01-13|website=AS/COA|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[7 һарын 4]] – Хэрбээ шэнэ [[Чилиин Үндэһэн хуули|Үндэһэн хуулиин]] эсэсэй дурадхалые урданай мэтэ һанал хураалгада ороогүй һаа, [[Чили]] дэхи [[Үндэһэн хуулиин Конвенци (Чили)|Үндэһэн хуулиин Конвенци]] энэ үдэр хуулиин проектдэ һанал хурааха ёһотой, ба хуулида зааһан нэгэ жэлэй хугасааниие харгалзан дараань тараагдаха юм.
* [[7 һарын 6]] – [[7 һарын 31]] – [[Англи]] дахи [[УЕФА Эмэгтэйшүүдэй Евро 2022]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=UEFA Women's EURO moved to July 2022|url=https://www.uefa.com/womenseuro/news/025c-0f3d8be5c46b-a606252552ee-1000--uefa-women-s-euro-moved-to-july-2022/|date=April 23, 2020|website=UEFA.com|access-date=May 29, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[7 һарын 7]] – [[7 һарын 17]] – [[2022 оной Дэлхэйн Наадан]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=World Games 2021 Fact Sheet|url=https://theworldgames2021.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/TWG_Fact-Sheet_July-2019_RD2.pdf|website=The World Games 2021 Official Site|access-date=January 13, 2022|archive-date=August 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190814194639/https://theworldgames2021.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/TWG_Fact-Sheet_July-2019_RD2.pdf|url-status=dead|accessdate=February 7, 2022|archivedate=August 14, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190814194639/https://theworldgames2021.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/TWG_Fact-Sheet_July-2019_RD2.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[7 һарын 28]] – [[8 һарын 8]] – [[2022 оной Нүхэрлэлэй Наадан]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Home of the Birmingham 2022 Commonwealth Games|url=https://www.birmingham2022.com/|website=Birmingham 2022|access-date=May 29, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 һарын 26]] – [[9 һарын 15]] – [[Европын Космическа Агентство|ЕКА]]-ай ''[[Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer]]-ые'' хиидхэгдэхээр түсэблэгдэжэ байна.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite conference |last1=Witasse |first1=O. |last2=Altobelli |first2=N. |last3=Andres |first3=R. |last4=Atzei |first4=A. |last5=Boutonnet |first5=A. |last6=Budnik |first6=F. |last7=Dietz |first7=A. |last8=Erd |first8=C. |last9=Evill |first9=R. |last10=Lorente |first10=R. |last11=Munoz |first11=C. |last12=Pinzan |first12=G. |last13=Scharmberg |first13=C. |last14=Suarez |first14=A. |last15=Tanco |first15=I. |last16=Torelli |first16=F. |last17=Torn |first17=B. |last18=Vallat |first18=C. |author19=JUICE Science Working Team |url=https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EPSC2021/EPSC2021-358.html |title=JUICE (Jupiter Icy Moon Explorer): Plans for the cruise phase |conference=Europlanet Science Congress (EPSC) 2021 |date=July 2021 |access-date=August 28, 2021 |doi=10.5194/epsc2021-358}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 һарын 10]] – [[9 һарын 25]] – [[Хитад|Хитадай]] [[Ханчжоу]] хотодо болохо [[2022 оной Азиин Наадан]]
* [[9 һарын 11]] – [[2022 оной Швециин бүхы ниитиин һунгуули]]: [[Риксдаг|Риксдагай]] бүхы 349 һуудал һунгагдана.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Sweden's first female PM elected for a second time in a week|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/11/29/swedens-first-female-pm-elected-for-a-second-time-in-a-week|access-date=2022-01-13|website=www.aljazeera.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 һарын 2]] – [[2022 оной Бразилай бүхы ниитын һунгуули]]: [[Бразилай Юрэнхылэгшэ|Юрэнхылэгшэ]] ба [[Бразилай Вице-юрэнхылэгшэ|вице-юрэнхылэгшын]] тушаал, [[Бразилай Сенат|Сенатай]] гурбанай нэгэн, [[Бразилай Түлөөлэгшэдэй Танхим|Түлөөлэгшэдэй Танхим]] бүхэлидөө, ба олон [[Бразилай Холбооной Единицэ|можын хуули гаргагша байгуулга]] ба [[Бразилай можын губернаторнуудай жагсаалта|губернаторнууд]] һунгагдана.&lt;ref name=&quot;dates&quot;&gt;{{cite news|date=4 October 2021|title=Brasil terá eleições livres em 2022 e com instituições funcionando, diz Barroso|website=[[G1 (website)|G1]]|url=https://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2021/10/04/brasil-tera-eleicoes-livres-em-2022-e-com-instituicoes-funcionando-diz-barroso.ghtml}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[11 һарын 21]] – [[12 һарын 18]] – [[5 һара|5]] – [[9 һара|9 һарын]] хоорондо зунай халуунһаа зайлаха ба [[2022 оной Үбэлэй Олимпиин наадан|2022 оной Үбэлэй Олимптой]] мүргэсэлдэхэгүйн тулада [[Катар]] уласда [[2022 оной Хүлбүмбэгын Дэлхэйн Абарга шалгаруулха тэмсээн]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/qatar2022/news/y=2015/m=3/news=fifa-executive-committee-confirms-november-december-event-period-for-q-2567789.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150320004722/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/qatar2022/news/y=2015/m=3/news=fifa-executive-committee-confirms-november-december-event-period-for-q-2567789.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=March 20, 2015|title=FIFA Executive Committee confirms November/December event period for Qatar 2022|publisher=FIFA.com|date=March 19, 2015|accessdate=February 7, 2022|archivedate=March 20, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150320004722/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/qatar2022/news/y=2015/m=3/news=fifa-executive-committee-confirms-november-december-event-period-for-q-2567789.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 һарын 15]] – Бүхы ниитиин һунгуулиие уридшалан зарлаагүй тохёолдолдо, [[Лео Варадкар]], 2020 оной [[Ротациин засагай газар|ротациин]] хэрээнэй дагуу, [[Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Ирланд Улас|Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Ирланд Уласай]] [[Ирланд Уласай Юрэнхы Сайд|Taoiseach]] (Юрэнхы Сайд) Михол Мартиниие һэлгэхэ болоно.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/martin-to-step-down-as-taoiseach-in-december-2022-1.4279883|title=Martin to step down as taoiseach in December 2022|first=Fiach|last=Kelly|website=The Irish Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Һара үдэр мэдэгдээгүй ===
* [[Хитадай Коммунист Намай]] 20 дугаар съезд эхилнэ. Мүнөөнэй [[Хитадай Коммунист Намай Генеральна Секретарь|Генеральна Секретарь]] [[Си Цзиньпинь]] генеральна секретариар дахин һунгагдана гэжэ олониитэ тооложо байна.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=How Xi Jinping could rule China for life|url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/11/11/how-xi-jinping-could-rule-china-life/ |agency=The Washington Post|author=Ling Li|date=2021-11-11|access-date=2021-11-11}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Wong|first=Jeremy Page, Lingling Wei and Chun Han|date=2017-10-18|title=Chinese Power Play: Xi Sets Stage for a More Muscular Role at Home and Abroad|language=en-US|work=Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/xi-jinpings-power-plays-set-the-stage-for-a-long-encore-1508232605|access-date=2022-01-15|issn=0099-9660}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Уласхоорондын космическа агентствонууд [[һарын орбита]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;да бэелүүлхээр түсэблэгдэжэ буй [[Орбитын станци|космическа станци]], [[Lunar Gateway]]-ын нэгэдэхи компонент нь мэдэгдээгүй худалдаанай ракетээр эльгээгдэхэ юм.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.space.com/moon-mars-nasa-2020-budget-proposal.html | work= Space.com | title = Trump's 2020 budget Will Take US from Moon to Mars, Agency Chief Says | date = March 11, 2019 | access-date = March 22, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Хара энерги|Хара энергиие]] шудалха пилотгүй ''[[Euclid (spacecraft)|Euclid]]'' космическа кораблиие хиидхэхээр түсэблэгдэжэ байна.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Euclid Consortium {{!}} A space mission to map the Dark Universe|url=https://www.euclid-ec.org/|access-date=May 29, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Германи]] улас һуулшын [[Германи дахи Атомна энерги|атомна электростанциудаа]] зогсоохоор түсэблэгдэжэ байна.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-13592208 | work=BBC News | title=Germany: Nuclear power plants to close by 2022 | date=May 30, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20-р УАБНХХА-иин саммит]] нь [[Пакистан|Пакистанда]] болохоор түсэблэгдэжэ байна.
* [[73P/Швассманай–Вахманнай]] [[солирой бороо]] дуудажа магадагүй.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/060510_comet_spitzer.html |title=Comet Breakup Points to Possible Meteor Shower in 2022 |publisher=Space.com |date=May 10, 2006 |access-date=November 12, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Энэдхэг]] энэ ондо багтаан анханай [[Энэдхэгэй Космическа Шэнжэлэлгын Байгуулга|пилоттой космическа ниидэлгэн]] хиихээр түсэблэжэ байна.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.spaceflightinsider.com/organizations/isro/india-aims-to-send-its-first-crewed-mission-to-space-by-2022/|title=India Aims to Send its First Crewed Mission to Space by 2022|author=Tomasz Nowakowski|date=August 20, 2018|access-date=August 23, 2018|accessdate=February 7, 2022|archivedate=July 26, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726095511/https://www.spaceflightinsider.com/organizations/isro/india-aims-to-send-its-first-crewed-mission-to-space-by-2022/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Чуук Можо]] нь [[Микронези|Микронезиин Холбооной Улас]]һаа [[2022 оной Чуукай тусгаар тогтонилой референдум|тусгаар тогтонихо тухай референдум]] ябуулна.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url= https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/410655/chuuk-independence-referendum-postponed-until-2022|title= Chuuk independence referendum postponed until 2022|website= [[Radio New Zealand]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*''[[New Horizons]]'' зонд [[Койперэй бэһэ|Койперэй бэһые]] шудалжа дүүргэнэ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=2022 Future Timeline {{!}} Timeline {{!}} Technology {{!}} Singularity {{!}} 2020 {{!}} 2050 {{!}} 2100 {{!}} 2150 {{!}} 2200 {{!}} 21st century {{!}} 22nd century {{!}} 23rd century {{!}} Humanity {{!}} Predictions {{!}} Events|url=https://www.futuretimeline.net/21stcentury/2022.htm|access-date=2020-11-19|website=www.futuretimeline.net}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*Энэдхэг улас Хитадые үлүү байжа, дэлхэйн хамагай ехэ хүн зонтой улас болохо түлэбтэй байна.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
*[[Энэдхэгэй Космическа Шэнжэлэлгын Байгуулга]] энэ жэлдэ [[Чандраян-3]] һарын ниидэлгые хиидхэхээр түсэблэжэ байна.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=India's first unmanned space mission scheduled for launch in 2022; Chandrayaan-3 moon mission in advanced stages of realization |url=https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/indias-first-uncrewed-space-mission-scheduled-for-launch-in-2022-chandrayaan-3-moon-mission-in-advanced-stages-of-realisation/articleshow/88208205.cms |access-date=12 December 2021 |work=Business Insider |accessdate=7 February 2022 |archivedate=8 February 2022 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208081044/https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/indias-first-uncrewed-space-mission-scheduled-for-launch-in-2022-chandrayaan-3-moon-mission-in-advanced-stages-of-realisation/articleshow/88208205.cms }}&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[Вера С.Рубинай Обсерватори]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;ин [[Анханай гэрэл (астрономи)|анханай гэрэл]] 2022 ондо гаража, эрдэм ухаанай бүрин ажал ябуулга нэгэ жэлэй дараа эхилхэ түлэбтэй байна.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Vera C. Rubin Observatory |url=https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/nsfs-oir-lab/rubinobservatory/ |website=AURA Astronomy |access-date=16 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Wu |first1=Katherine J. |title=For the First Time, a National U.S. Observatory Has Been Named for a Female Astronomer: Vera Rubin |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/new-telescope-facility-renamed-commemorate-dark-matter-scientist-vera-rubin-180973923/ |access-date=16 September 2020 |work=Smithsonian Magazine |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=What Does the Future of Astronomy Hold? We'll Find Out Soon |url=https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/what-does-the-future-of-astronomy-hold-well-find-out-soon |access-date=16 September 2020 |work=Discover Magazine |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[2022 оной Азиин Кубок]] нь [[Шри Ланка|Шри Ланкапа]] болохоор түсэблэгдэжэ байна.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://cricketpakistan.com.pk/en/news/detail/format-venue-of-asia-cup-2022-and-2023-confirmed|title=Format, venue of Asia Cup 2022 and 2023 confirmed|accessdate=2022-02-07|archivedate=2021-12-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227053242/https://cricketpakistan.com.pk/en/news/detail/format-venue-of-asia-cup-2022-and-2023-confirmed}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[2022 оной Австралиин холбооной һунгуули]] 2022 оной 5 һарын 21-эй дотор ябагдаха ёһотой.

== Наһа баралгууд ==
{{main|2022 ондохи Наһа баралгууд}}
&lt;!-- Only people who have significant international notability should be listed. --&gt;
=== 1 һара ===
{{main|2022 оной 1 һара дахи Наһа баралгууд}}
{{multiple image
 | total_width = 200
 | image1 = Richard Leakey (1986).jpg
 | alt1 = Ричард Лики
 | caption1 = [[Ричард Лики]]
 | image2 = Sidney_Poitier_1968.jpg
 | alt2 = [[Сидни Пуатье]]
 | caption2 = [[Сидни Пуатье]]
}}
{{multiple image
 | total_width = 200
 | image1 = Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta au Parlement européen Strasbourg 10 décembre 2013 07 (cropped2).jpg
 | alt1 = Ибрагим Бубакар Кейта
 | caption1 = [[Ибрагим Бубакар Кейта]]
 | image2 = Ronnie Spector 1966.jpg
 | alt2 = Ронни Спектор
 | caption2 = [[Ронни Спектор]]
}}
&lt;!--[[File:Toshiki Kaifu 19890810.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Toshiki Kaifu]]]]--&gt;
&lt;!--[[File:Meatloaf 1971 (cropped).JPG|thumb|100px|[[Meat Loaf]]]]--&gt;
* [[1 һарын 2]] 
** [[Эрик Вальтер Эльст]], Бельгиин астроном (т. [[1936]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://thetimeshub.in/belgian-astronomer-eric-elst-responsible-for-the-discovery-of-3760-asteroids-dies|title=Belgian astronomer Eric Elst, responsible for the discovery of 3,760 asteroids, dies|website=Thetimeshub.in|date=January 7, 2022|access-date=February 7, 2022|accessdate=January 7, 2022|archivedate=January 7, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107170804/https://thetimeshub.in/belgian-astronomer-eric-elst-responsible-for-the-discovery-of-3760-asteroids-dies}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** [[Ричард Лики]], Кениин [[Палеоантропологи|палеоантрополог]] ба байгаали хамгаалагша (т. [[1944]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Message of Condolence from H.E Hon. Uhuru Kenyatta following the death of former Head of Public Service Dr Richard Leakey |url=https://www.president.go.ke/2022/01/02/message-of-condolence-from-h-e-hon-uhuru-kenyatta-following-the-death-of-former-head-of-public-service-dr-richard-leakey/ |accessdate=2022-02-07 |archivedate=2022-01-02 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220102164141/https://www.president.go.ke/2022/01/02/message-of-condolence-from-h-e-hon-uhuru-kenyatta-following-the-death-of-former-head-of-public-service-dr-richard-leakey/ }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 3]]
** [[Беатрис Минц]], Америкын [[Эмбриологи|эмбриолог]] (т. [[1921]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.ifpcs.org/2022/01/05/beatrice-mintz-1921-2022/|title=Beatrice Mintz (1921-2022) |website=Ifpcs.org|date=January 5, 2022|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** [[Виктор Санеев]], Зүблэлтын ба Гүржиин [[гурбын харайлга]] ба Олимпиин абарга (т. [[1945]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://olympics.nbcsports.com/2022/01/03/viktor-saneyev-dies-triple-jump/|title=Viktor Saneyev, three-time Olympic triple jump champion, dies at 76|website=Olympics.nbcsports.com|date=January 3, 2022|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 6]]
** [[Питер Богданович]], Америкын кинорежиссёр (т. [[1939]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/peter-bogdanovich-dead-last-picture-show-1235070769/|title=Peter Bogdanovich, Oscar-Nominated Director and Champion of Hollywood’s Golden Age, Dies at 82|first1=Gregg Kilday,Duane|last1=Byrge|first2=Gregg|last2=Kilday|first3=Duane|last3=Byrge|date=January 6, 2022|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** [[F. Sionil José|Ф. Сиониль Хосе]], Филиппинын зохёолшо (т. [[1924]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.rappler.com/life-and-style/literature/national-artist-f-sionil-jose-dies/|title=National Artist F Sionil Jose dies at 97|website=Rappler.com|date=January 6, 2022|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** [[Сидни Пуатье]], Баһама-Америкын актёр, эдэбхитэн ба элшэн сайд (т. [[1927]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.irishmirror.ie/showbiz/celebrity-news/breaking-sir-sidney-poitier-dead-25884555|title=Beloved actor Sir Sidney Poitier tragically dies aged 94|date=January 7, 2022|website=Irish Mirror|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 9]] – [[Тосики Кайфу]], 48-р [[Япон Уласай Юрэнхы Сайд]] (т. [[1931]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20220114/p2g/00m/0na/020000c|title=Ex-Japan PM Kaifu, who dispatched SDF to Persian Gulf, dies at 91|date=January 14, 2022|access-date=February 7, 2022|newspaper=[[Mainichi Daily News]]}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 11]] 
** [[Анатолий Алябьев]], Зүблэлтын ба Оросой тамиршан ба Олимпиин абарга (т. [[1951]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sport.ru/biatlon/skonchalsya-dvukratnyy-olimpiyskiy-chempion-po-biatlonu-alyabev/article502778/|title=Скончался двукратный олимпийский чемпион по биатлону Алябьев|date=January 11, 2022|website=Sport.ru|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** [[Давид Сассоли]], 16-р [[Европын Парламент Юрэнхылэгшэ]] (т. [[1956]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/european-parliament-president-david-sassoli-dies-after-hospitalization/a-60384340|title=European Parliament President David Sassoli dies after hospitalization |website=Dw.com|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** [[Эрнест Шонекан]], 9-р [[Нигериин Засагай Газарай Түрүүлэгшэдэй жагсаалта|Нигериин Засагай Газарай Түрүүлэгшэ]] (т. [[1936]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://thestreetjournal.org/former-nigerian-leader-ernest-shonekan-dies-at-85/|title=Former Nigerian leader Ernest Shonekan dies at 85|website=Thestreetjournal.org|date=January 11, 2022|access-date=February 7, 2022|accessdate=February 7, 2022|archivedate=January 11, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111095110/https://thestreetjournal.org/former-nigerian-leader-ernest-shonekan-dies-at-85/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 12]] – [[Ронни Спектор]], Америкын дуушан (т. [[1943]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/ronnie-spector-dead-84c905db02a01ffa43a6052c3ce66920|title=Ronnie Spector, '60s icon who sang ‘Be My Baby,’ dies at 78|date=January 12, 2022|website=AP NEWS|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 13]] – [[Жан-Жак Бенекс]], Франциин кинорежиссёр (т. [[1946]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.francebleu.fr/infos/medias-people/le-realisateur-jean-jacques-beinex-est-mort-1642153668|title=Jean-Jacques Beineix, le réalisateur de &quot;37°2 le matin&quot;, est décédé|date=January 14, 2022|website=France Bleu|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 14]] – [[Рикардо Бофилл]], Испаниин архитектор (т. [[1939]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://elpais.com/cultura/2022-01-14/muere-ricardo-bofill-el-mas-cosmopolita-de-los-arquitectos-espanoles.html|title=Muere Ricardo Bofill, el más cosmopolita de los arquitectos españoles|first=Anatxu|last=Zabalbeascoa|date=January 14, 2022|website=El País|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 16]] – [[Ибрагим Бубакар Кейта]], Мали уласай 5-р [[Малиин Юрэнхылэгшэ|Юрэнхылэгшэ]] ба 6-р [[Мали Уласай Юрэнхы Сайд|Юрэнхы Сайд]] (т. [[1945]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/malis-ousted-president-ibrahim-boubacar-keita-has-died-says-former-justice-2022-01-16/|title=Mali's ousted president Keita dies at 76|first=Tiemoko|last=Diallo|date=January 17, 2022|access-date=February 7, 2022|website=Reuters.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 18]] 
** Сэр [[Дэвид Кокс (статистик)|Дэвид Кокс]], Англиин статистик (т. [[1924]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://rss.org.uk/news-publication/news-publications/2022/general-news/sir-david-cox-1924-2022/|title=Sir David Cox, 1924-2022|website=RSS|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** [[Франсиско Хенто]], Испаниин футболист ба менежер (т. [[1933]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.antena3.com/noticias/deportes/futbol/muere-francisco-gento-leyenda-real-madrid-unico-futbolista-6-copas-europa_2022011861e680a839375200018167d0.html|title=Muere Paco Gento, leyenda del Real Madrid y único futbolista con 6 Copas de Europa|date=January 18, 2022|website=Antena3.com|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** [[Андре Леон Телли]], Америкын фэшн-журналист ба стилист (т. [[1948]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lifestyle/style/andre-leon-talley-dead-at-73-1235077185/|title=Andre Leon Talley, Fashion Journalist and Former Editor-at-Large of Vogue, Dies at 73|first=Abid|last=Rahman|website=Hollywoodreporter.com|date=January 19, 2022|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 19]] – [[Гаспар Ульель]], Франциин актёр (т. [[1984]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220119-french-actor-gaspard-ulliel-dies-in-skiing-accident-aged-37|title=French actor Gaspard Ulliel dies at 37 after skiing accident|date=January 19, 2022|website=France 24|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 20]]
** [[Хайди Библь]], Германиин хада уулада лыжээр ябагша ба Олимпиин абарга (т. [[1941]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.br.de/nachrichten/sport/trauer-um-olympiasiegerin-heidi-biebl-ist-tot,SvMTZMP|title=Trauer um Olympiasiegerin: Heidi Biebl ist tot|date=January 24, 2022|website=Br.de|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** [[Мит Лоуф]], Америкын дуушан ба актёр (т. [[1947]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2022/jan/21/meat-loaf-bat-out-of-hell-singer-dead-at-74|title=Meat Loaf: Bat Out of Hell singer dead at 74|date=January 21, 2022|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 22]] – [[Тхить Нят Хань]], Вьетнамай Буддын лама ба энхын түлөө активист (т. [[1926]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.lionsroar.com/thich-nhat-hanh-zen-teacher-who-popularized-mindfulness-in-the-west-dead-at-95/|title=Remembering Thich Nhat Hanh (1926-2022) |website=Lionsroar.com|first=Lilly|last=Greenblatt|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 23]]
** [[Кетеван Лосаберидзе]], Зүблэлтын ба Гүржиин харбааша ба Олимпиин абарга (т. [[1949]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://sport24.ru/news/other/2022-01-23-umerla-olimpiyskaya-chempionka-1980-goda-ketevan-losaberidze|title=Умерла олимпийская чемпионка Кетеван Лосаберидзе - 23 января 2022 |website=Aport24.ru|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** [[Тьери Мюглер]], Франциин фэшн-дизайнер (т. [[1948]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.advocate.com/people/2022/1/23/famed-designer-manfried-thierry-mugler-has-died-73|title=Famed Designer Manfred Thierry Mugler Has Died at 73|date=January 23, 2022|website=Advocate.com|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 24]] – [[Сильвестр Чоллань]], Унгарай гимнаст ба Олимпиин абарга (т. [[1970]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://olympics.nbcsports.com/2022/01/24/szilveszter-csollany-dies-gymnast-covid-coronavirus/|title=Szilveszter Csollany, Olympic gymnastics champ, dies after COVID|website=Olympics.nbcsports.com|date=January 24, 2022|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 25]] – [[Вим Янсен]], Нидерландын футболист ба менежер (т. [[1946]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://planetradio.co.uk/borders/local/news/former-celtic-manager-wim-jansen-dies-aged-75/|title=Former Celtic manager Wim Jansen dies aged 75|website=Radio Borders|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[1 һарын 30]] – [[Леонид Куравлёв]], Зүблэлтын ба Оросой актёр (т. [[1936]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Такой парень Умер Леонид Куравлев. Антон Долин вспоминает актера, ставшего культурным достоянием страны|url=https://meduza.io/feature/2022/01/30/takoy-paren-pamyati-leonida-kuravleva|access-date=2022-01-30|website=Meduza|language=ru}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2 һара ===
{{main|2022 оной 2 һара дахи Наһа баралгууд}}
{{multiple image
 | total_width = 200
 | image1 = Monica Vitti (1965) (cropped).jpg
 | alt1 = Моника Витти
 | caption1 = [[Моника Витти]]
 | image2 = Lata-Mangeshkar.jpg
 | alt2 = Лата Мангешкар
 | caption2 = [[Лата Мангешкар]]
}}
* [[2 һарын 2]] – [[Моника Витти]], Италиин актриса (т. [[1931]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.repubblica.it/spettacoli/cinema/2022/02/02/news/monica_vitti-249574730/|title=È morta Monica Vitti, talento smisurato del cinema italiano|date=February 2, 2022|website=la Repubblica|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[2 һарын 3]] 
** [[Абу Ибрагим аль-Хашеми аль-Кураши]], [[Лалын Улас]] бүлгэмэй 2-р [[Халиф]] ба ударидагша (т. [[1976]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-60246129|title=Islamic State leader Abu Ibrahim al-Qurayshi killed in Syria, US says|date=February 4, 2022|access-date=February 7, 2022|website=Bbc.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** [[Христос Сардзетакис]], 4-р [[Грециин Юрэнхылэгшэ]] (т. [[1929]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.ekathimerini.com/society/1176800/former-resident-christos-sartzetakis-dead-at-93/|title=Former president Christos Sartzetakis dead at 92 &amp;#124; eKathimerini.com|website=Ekathimerini.com|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[2 һарын 5]] 
** [[Дональд Джонстон|Дон Джонстон]], 4-р [[ЭЗХАХБ#Генеральна-Секретарь|ЭЗХАХБ-ын Генеральна-Секретарь]] (т. [[1936]])&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/donald-johnston-oecd-head-passed-away-1.6341113 Donald Johnston, first non-European to head OECD, passes away]&lt;/ref&gt;
** [[Борис Мельников]], Оросой фехтовальщик ба Олимпиин абарга (т. [[1938]])&lt;ref&gt;[https://life.ru/p/1469178 Умер олимпийский чемпион 1964 года по фехтованию Борис Мельников] {{in lang|ru}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[2 һарын 6]] 
** [[Ронни Хельстрём]], Швециин футболист (т. [[1949]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.svd.se/ronnie-hellstrom-har-dott--blev-72-ar|title=Ronnie Hellström har dött – blev 72 år|first=David|last=Standar|date=February 6, 2022|access-date=February 7, 2022|website=Svd.se}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** [[Лата Мангешкар]], Энэдхэгэй дуушан ба композитор (т. [[1929]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/lata-mangeshkar-passes-away-at-92/articleshow/89378127.cms|title=Legendary singer Lata Mangeshkar passes away at 92 - Times of India ►|website=The Times of India|access-date=February 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{-}}
==Зүүлтэ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:2022}}
[[Категори:2022| ]]
[[Категори:Онууд]]</text>
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