Wikipedia ffwiki https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hello_ja%C9%93%C9%93orgo MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.13 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 2942 180991 112817 2026-08-05T00:09:50Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 4 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180991 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Ingushetia, Russia, Armkhi, Ingush tower.jpg|thumb|Armkhi ina ɓuuɓna leydi Roosiya]] '''Roosiya''' ('''Roosiya''') walla '''Fedde Roosiya''', ko leydi gonndi e Fuɗnaange [[Yuroopu]] e [[Asia|Asiiya]] worgo. Ko leydi ɓurndi mawnude e winndere ndee to bannge wertallo, ndi yaaji ko e nokkuuji waktuuji sappo e go’o, ndi renndini keeri leydi e leyɗeele sappo e nay. Ko ndi leydi nayaɓiri ɓurndi heewde yimɓe e winndere ndee, kadi ndi leydi ɓurndi heewde yimɓe e Yuroopu. Roosiya ko leydi ndi heewi gure ina waɗi 16 nokkuuji ɗo yimɓe mum ngoni ɗoo, ina waɗi ko ina tolnoo e miliyoŋaaji 100 neɗɗo. Laamorde mayre kam e wuro mayre ɓurngo mawnude ko [[Moscow]]. [[Saint Petersburg]] woni wuro ɗiɗaɓo ɓurngo mawnude e nder leydi Roosiya, kadi ko laamorgo pinal mum. Slav en fuɗnaange ummii ko e fedde anndiraande e nder Yuroopu hakkunde teeminannde 3th e 8th caggal iisa. Dowla Slavic fuɗnaange gadano, Kievan Rus', ummii ko e teeminannde 9th, e hitaande 988, ngo jaɓi diine Kiristaaku Ortodoks e nder laamu Bizantiin. Rus' haa jooni yani, Duchy mawɗo Moscow mawni haa wonti Tsardom Roosiya. E fuɗɗoode teeminannde 18th, Roosiya yaajnii no feewi e konu, e njiimaandi, e darnde wiɗtooɓe Roosiya, ƴellitii haa wonti laamu Roosiya, ngu heddii ko laamu tataɓuru ɓurngu mawnude e nder daartol. Kono, e Rewolison Roosiya e hitaande 1917, laamu laamɗo Roosiya momtaa, haa jooni lomtii ɗum ko SFSR Roosiya—dowla sosiyaalist gadano e winndere ndee to bannge doosɗe leydi. Caggal wolde hakkunde leyɗeele Roosiya, SFSR Roosiya sosi Dental Sowiyet e republiqueeji Sowiyet tati goɗɗi, e nder mum en ko kañum woni leydi ɓurndi mawnude e ɓurndi teeŋtude. E dow ballal miliyoŋaaji nguurndam, Dental Sowiyet waɗii ƴellitaare jaawnde e nder kitaale 1930, caggal ɗuum waɗii darnde tiiɗnde wonande leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik e nder wolde adunaare ɗimmere, nde ardii golle mawɗe to bannge Fuɗnaange. Nde wolde huuɓtodinnde fuɗɗii, nde fotnoo haɓtaade Amerik ngam heɓde njiimaandi miijooji e doole winndereyankooje. Jamanuuji Sowiyet e teeminannde 20th yi’i yoga e golle ɓurɗe maantinde e karallaagal leydi Roosiya, ina jeyaa heen satelit gadano mo neɗɗo waɗi e yahdu neɗɗo gadano to weeyo. E hitaande 1991, SFSR Roosiya yalti e fusde Dental Sowiyet, woni Fedde Roosiya jeytaare. Doosgal kesal ƴettaa, ngal sosi njuɓɓudi semi-president fedde nde. Gila e fuɗɗoode teeminannde ndee, ko Vladimir Putin ɓuri heewde e doosɗe politik leydi Roosiya, tawi e les njiimaandi mum, leydi ndii ina wondi e caɗeele demokaraasi, ina wayloo feewde e laamu nguu. Roosiya ina jeyaa e hareeji keewɗi e nder leyɗeele Sowiyet en ɓooyɗe e leyɗe goɗɗe, ina jeyaa heen hare mum e Georgia e hitaande 2008 e heɓtude Kirime e hitaande 2014 e juuɗe Ukrain koɗdiiɗo mum, caggal ɗuum heɓtude diiwanuuji nay goɗɗi e hitaande 2022 e nder hare nde jokki . E nder winndere ndee, Roosiya ina jeyaa e leyɗe ɓurɗe lesɗude e peeje demokaraasi, jojjanɗe aadee e ndimaagu jaayɗe ; leydi ndii ina jogii kadi toɓɓe toowɗe ɗe nganndu-ɗaa ko fenaande. Faggudu leydi Roosiya yahrude yeeso ina jeyaa e ɓurɗe mawnude e winndere ndee, tuugii ko e ngalu mum keewngu e nder leydi hee ; ɗiɗmo e winndere ndee to bannge peewnugol petroŋ e peewnugol gaasuuji. Ko kañum ɓuri heewde kaɓirɗe nukliyeer, ko kañum woni tataɓol ɓurngol heewde ngalu konu. Roosiya ko leydi mawndi, ko leydi diiwaan. Leydi ndii ko tergal duumingal e Goomu Kisal Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe ; leydi tergal G20, OSC, BRICS, APEC, OSCE, e OMC ; e leydi tergal ɓurndi mawnude e pelle caggal Sowiyet ko wayi no CIS, CSTO, e EAEU/EEU. Leydi Roosiya ina jeyaa e nokkuuji 30 jeyaaɗi e ndonaandi winndereyankoori UNESCO. == Etimoloji == E wiyde ''Oxford English Dictionary'', innde Engele Russia fuɗɗii feeñde ko e teeminannde 14th, nde ƴettaa ko e ɗemngal Latin Medieval: Russia, huutorteende ko e teeminannde 11th e heewde e iwdiiji Angalteer teeminannde 12th, e mbaydi mum ummorii ko e Russi, ‘''the Russians’ e...''.ia.<ref>{{Cite web|date=September 2023|title=Russia (n.), Etymology|url=https://www.oed.com/dictionary/russia_n?tab=etymology|website=Oxford English Dictionary|doi=10.1093/OED/2223074989|access-date=3 January 2024|archive-date=22 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240122215843/https://www.oed.com/dictionary/russia_n?tab=etymology|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Kuchkin|first=V. A.|title=|publisher=Institute of General History of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Ladomir|year=2014|editor-last=Melnikova|editor-first=E. A.|location=Moscow|pages=700–701|language=ru|script-title=ru:Древняя Русь в средневековом мире|trans-title=Old Rus' in the medieval world|script-chapter=ru:Русская земля|trans-chapter=Russian land|editor-last2=Petrukhina|editor-first2=V. Ya.}}</ref> E nder taariindi hannde, leydi ndii ina heewi noddireede Kievan Rus caggal laamorgo mum.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Merridale|first=Catherine|title=Redesigning History in Contemporary Russia|journal=[[Journal of Contemporary History]]|year=2003|volume=38|number=1|pages=13–28|doi=10.1177/0022009403038001961|jstor=3180694|s2cid=143597960|issn=0022-0094}}</ref> Innde Latin woɗnde nde Rus' woni Ruthenia.<ref name="Hellberg-Hirn-1998">{{cite book|last1=Hellberg-Hirn|first1=Elena|title=Soil and Soul: The Symbolic World of Russianness|url=https://archive.org/details/soilsoulsymbolic0000hell|date=1998|publisher=Ashgate|location=Aldershot [Hants, England]|isbn=1855218712|pages=[https://archive.org/details/soilsoulsymbolic0000hell/page/54 54]}}</ref> E ɗemngal Roosiya, innde leydi ndii hannde, Россия (Rossiya), ummorii ko e innde Gerek Bizantiin, firti ko Rus’, Ρωσία (Rosía).<ref>{{cite book|title=The Russians: The People of Europe|url=https://archive.org/details/russians0000miln|last=Milner-Gulland|first=R. R.|year=1997|publisher=Blackwell Publishing|isbn=978-0-631-21849-4|pages=[https://archive.org/details/russians0000miln/page/1 1]–4}}</ref> Sifaa keso innde Rus', Росия (Rosiya), ƴettaa ko e helmere Gerek, seedtinaa ko adii fof ko e hitaande 1387.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Obolensky|first1=Dimitri|author-link1=Dimitri Obolensky|title=Byzantium and the Slavs: Collected Studies|date=1971|isbn=978-0-902089-14-3|page=20|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wH4JAQAAIAAJ|language=en|chapter=Commentary on the ninth chapter of Constantine Porphyrogenitus' De Administrando lmperio|publisher=Variorum Reprints|quote=Later, the term ''Ρωσία'' was borrowed by the Russians, in the form ''Rosiya'', from the terminology used by the Byzantine Patriarchate.}}</ref>[hoolkiso ngo ŋakki] Innde Rossiia feeñii e iwdiiji Roosiya e darorɗe teeminannde 15th, kono haa timmi e teeminannde 17th leydi ndi ɓuri heewde noddireede ko Rus’,<ref name=":1">{{cite book|last1=Bushkovitch|first1=Paul|title=A Concise History of Russia|date=5 December 2011|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-139-50444-7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Le-n7ZYjGWkC|language=en|page=37|quote=Precisely at this time in written usage the modern term ''Rossia'' (a literary expression borrowed from Greek) began to edge out the traditional and vernacular ''Rus''.}}</ref> leydi Roosiya (Russkaia zemlia), walla leydi Musku (Moskovskoe gosudarstvo), e nder mbaydiiji goɗɗi.<ref name=":0">{{cite book|last1=Langer|first1=Lawrence N.|title=Historical Dictionary of Medieval Russia|date=2021|location=Lanham|isbn=978-1538119426|page=182|edition=2nd|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield}}</ref><ref name="Hellberg-Hirn-19982">{{cite book|last1=Hellberg-Hirn|first1=Elena|title=Soil and Soul: The Symbolic World of Russianness|url=https://archive.org/details/soilsoulsymbolic0000hell|date=1998|publisher=Ashgate|location=Aldershot [Hants, England]|isbn=1855218712|pages=[https://archive.org/details/soilsoulsymbolic0000hell/page/54 54]}}</ref> E hitaande 1721, Piyeer Mawɗo wayli innde laamu nguu, ummoraade e Laamɗo leydi Roosiya (e ɗemngal Roosiya: Русское царство) walla e ɗemngal Roosiya: Московское царство, e ɗemngal Ruisi: Moskovskoye tsarstvo)<ref name=":02">{{cite book|last1=Langer|first1=Lawrence N.|title=Historical Dictionary of Medieval Russia|date=2021|location=Lanham|isbn=978-1538119426|page=182|edition=2nd|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield}}</ref> Laamu (laamu Ruusi).<ref>{{cite book|last1=Service|first1=Robert|author-link1=Robert Service (historian)|title=A History of Modern Russia: From Tsarism to the Twenty-First Century, Third Edition|date=30 October 2009|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0-674-03493-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fZkrAQAAIAAJ|language=en|page=84}}</ref> Won kelme keewɗe e ɗemngal Russi ɗe firtata ko "Russians" e ɗemngal Engele. Innde e sifaa русский, russkiy ina firta leñol Roosiyanaaɓe. Sifaa российский, rossiiskiy ina hollita ɓiɓɓe leydi Roosiya tawa ko leñol. Ko noon kadi wonande innde ɓurnde ɓooyde ndee россиянин, rossiianyn, "Roosiya" e maanaa ɓiyleydi leydi Roosiya.<ref name=":7">{{cite book|last1=Kappeler|first1=Andreas|author1-link=Andreas Kappeler|editor1-last=Barker|editor1-first=Adele Marie|editor2-last=Grant|editor2-first=Bruce|title=The Russia Reader: History, Culture, Politics|date=12 July 2010|publisher=Duke University Press|isbn=978-0-8223-4648-7|pages=37|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B-jWhJMt_9EC|language=en|chapter="Great Russians" and '"Little Russians"}}</ref><ref name=":03">{{cite book|last1=Langer|first1=Lawrence N.|title=Historical Dictionary of Medieval Russia|date=2021|location=Lanham|isbn=978-1538119426|page=182|edition=2nd|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield}}</ref> E wiyde Primary Chronicle, konngol Rus’ ngol ummorii ko e leñol Rus’, ɓe ngonnoo ko leñol Suwed, e ɗo terɗe tati asliije laamu Rurikid ummorii.<ref name=":1" /> Konngol Finlande ngol Suwednaaɓe, ruotsi, ina jogii iwdi ngootiri.<ref name=":7" /> Wiɗtooji arkewolosi caggal ɗuum ɓuri tabitinde ngool miijo.<ref name=":12">{{cite book|last1=Bushkovitch|first1=Paul|title=The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages|date=1 January 2010|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-866262-4|url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780198662624.001.0001/acref-9780198662624-e-5118|language=en|chapter=Rus'}}</ref> == Tariya == === Daartol adanngol === [[File:Продаж кріпаків з аукціону.jpg|thumb|250px|Maccungaagu, ngu mawɓe e jom leydi en yuɓɓini, ko huunde heewnde waɗde e daartol Roosiya e nder teeminanɗe.]] Koɗki aadee gadano e leydi Roosiya ummorii ko e jamaanu Oldowan e fuɗɗoode Paleolitik les. Ko ina wona duuɓi miliyoŋaaji ɗiɗi jooni, wakili’en Homo erectus ngummiima to duunde Taman to fuɗnaange leydi Roosiya.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Shchelinsky|first1=V.E.|last2=Gurova|first2=M.|last3=Tesakov|first3=A.S.|last4=Titov|first4=V.V.|last5=Frolov|first5=P.D.|last6=Simakova|first6=A.N.|title=The Early Pleistocene site of Kermek in western Ciscaucasia (southern Russia): Stratigraphy, biotic record and lithic industry (preliminary results)|journal=[[Quaternary International]]|volume=393|pages=51–69|date=30 January 2016|doi=10.1016/j.quaint.2015.10.032|bibcode=2016QuInt.393...51S}}</ref> Kuutorɗe kaaƴe, ko ina wona duuɓi miliyoŋaaji 1.5 njiytaama to Kaukasus worgo.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Douka|first1=K.|title=Age estimates for hominin fossils and the onset of the Upper Palaeolithic at Denisova Cave|journal=Nature|year=2019|volume=565|issue=7741|pages=640–644|doi=10.1038/s41586-018-0870-z|pmid=30700871|url=https://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1559&context=smhpapers1|bibcode=2019Natur.565..640D|s2cid=59525455|access-date=10 January 2022|archive-date=6 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200506140551/https://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1559&context=smhpapers1|url-status=live}}</ref> Eddaaji gonɗi e rajo-karbon ummoriiɗi e caalli Denisova e nder kaaƴe Altai ina ciftora ko Denisovan ɓurɗo ɓooyde wuuri ko ina wona duuɓi 195–122 700 jooni.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Chepalyga|first1=A.L.|last2=Amirkhanov|first2=Kh.A.|last3=Trubikhin|first3=V.M.|last4=Sadchikova|first4=T.A.|last5=Pirogov|first5=A.N.|last6=Taimazov|first6=A.I.|year=2011|title=Geoarchaeology of the earliest paleolithic sites (Oldowan) in the North Caucasus and the East Europe|url=http://paleogeo.org/article3.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130520090413/http://paleogeo.org/article3.html|archive-date=20 May 2013|access-date=18 December 2013}}</ref> Fossils Denny, ko jibinannde neɗɗo ɓooynde, feccere mum ko Neanderthal e feccere Denisovan, e wuurde ko ina wona duuɓi 90,000 jooni, tawaama kadi e nder weendu nduu.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Warren|first=Matthew|title=Mum's a Neanderthal, Dad's a Denisovan: First discovery of an ancient-human hybrid|date=22 August 2018|journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]|volume=560|issue=7719|pages=417–418|doi=10.1038/d41586-018-06004-0|pmid=30135540|bibcode=2018Natur.560..417W|doi-access=free}}</ref> Roosiya wonnoo ko wuro yoga e Neandertal en cakkitiiɗi wuurde, gila e duuɓi 45,000 jooni, tawaaɗi e nder weendu Mezmaiskaya.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Igor V. Ovchinnikov|last2=Anders Götherström|last3=Galina P. Romanova|last4=Vitaliy M. Kharitonov|last5=Kerstin Lidén|last6=William Goodwin|date=30 March 2000|title=Molecular analysis of Neanderthal DNA from the northern Caucasus|journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]|volume=404|issue=6777|pages=490–493|bibcode=2000Natur.404..490O|doi=10.1038/35006625|pmid=10761915|s2cid=3101375}}</ref> Batte gadane ɗe neɗɗo ɓooyɗo e nder leydi Roosiya ina yahra e duuɓi 45,000, to Siberi hirnaange.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Fu Q, Li H, Moorjani P, Jay F, Slepchenko SM, Bondarev AA, Johnson PL, Aximu-Petri A, Prüfer K, de Filippo C, Meyer M, Zwyns N, Salazar-García DC, Kuzmin YV, Keates SG, Kosintsev PA, Razhev DI, Richards MP, Peristov NV, Lachmann M, Douka K, Higham TF, Slatkin M, Hublin JJ, Reich D, Kelso J, Viola TB, Pääbo S|title=Genome sequence of a 45,000-year-old modern human from western Siberia|journal=Nature|issue=7523|pages=445–449|date=23 October 2014|doi=10.1038/nature13810|pmid=25341783|volume=514|pmc=4753769|bibcode=2014Natur.514..445F|hdl=10550/42071}}</ref> Yiytude heddiiɓe e pinal toowngal e nder ɓalli yimɓe hannde, ko famɗi fof duuɓi 40,000 jooni, tawaama to Kostyonki–Borshchyovo, e to Sungir, ko ina wona duuɓi 34 600 jooni—ɗiin fof ko e hirnaange Roosiya.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Dinnis|first1=Rob|last2=Bessudnov|first2=Alexander|last3=Reynolds|first3=Natasha|last4=Devièse|first4=Thibaut|last5=Pate|first5=Abi|last6=Sablin|first6=Mikhail|last7=Sinitsyn|first7=Andrei|last8=Higham|first8=Thomas|title=New data for the Early Upper Paleolithic of Kostenki (Russia)|pmid=30777356|doi=10.1016/j.jhevol.2018.11.012|journal=[[Journal of Human Evolution]]|year=2019|pages=21–40|volume=127|bibcode=2019JHumE.127...21D|s2cid=73486830|url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01982049/file/Dinnis%20et%20al%202019%20New%20data%20for%20the%20EUP%20of%20Kostenki%20%28green%20open-access%20post-print%29.pdf|access-date=21 January 2022|archive-date=5 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220405163036/https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01982049/file/Dinnis%20et%20al%202019%20New%20data%20for%20the%20EUP%20of%20Kostenki%20%28green%20open-access%20post-print%29.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Neɗɗaŋke yettiima leydi Roosiya Arktik ko famɗi fof duuɓi 40,000 jooni, to Mamontovaya Kurya.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1126/science.aao1807|pmid=28982795|title=Ancient genomes show social and reproductive behavior of early Upper Paleolithic foragers|journal=Science|volume=358|issue=6363|pages=659–662|year=2017|vauthors=Sikora, Martin ''et al.''|bibcode=2017Sci...358..659S|doi-access=free}}</ref> Yimɓe ɓooyɓe Eurasia fuɗnaange ummoriiɓe Siberia nannduɓe e pinal Mal’ta–Buret’ e Afontova Gora ko ɓe darnde mawnde e nder renndo Ameriknaaɓe ɓooyɓe e dogooɓe-moftooɓe fuɗnaange.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Pavlov|first=Pavel|author2=John Inge Svendsen|author3=Svein Indrelid|date=6 September 2001|title=Human presence in the European Arctic nearly 40,000 years ago|journal=Nature|volume=413|pages=64–67|doi=10.1038/35092552|pmid=11544525|issue=6851|bibcode=2001Natur.413...64P|s2cid=1986562}}</ref> [[File:Yamnaya_Steppe_Pastoralists.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Yamnaya_Steppe_Pastoralists.jpg|left|thumb|320x320px|Duuɓi njamndi mboɗeeri njalti e iwdi durooɓe Yamnaya Steppe hakkunde 3300 e 1500 ko adii jibineede Iisaa, ina jeyaa heen pinal Afanasievo to Siberi fuɗnaange]] Teskagol Kurgan ngol ina jokki e diiwaan Volga-Dnieper to fuɗnaange Roosiya e Ukrani ko urheimat Proto-Indo-Yuroopunaaɓe.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Balter|first1=M.|title=Ancient DNA Links Native Americans With Europe|journal=Science|date=25 October 2013|volume=342|issue=6157|pages=409–410|doi=10.1126/science.342.6157.409|pmid=24159019|bibcode=2013Sci...342..409B|doi-access=free}}</ref> Eggugol Indo-Yuroopunaaɓe adanɓe ummoraade e steppe Pontik-Kaspian to Ukraine e Roosiya saaktinii iwdi Yamnaya e ɗemɗe Inndo-Yuroopunaaɓe e nder nokkuuji mawɗi Eurasi.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Anthony|first1=David W.|last2=Ringe|first2=Don|date=1 January 2015|title=The Indo-European Homeland from Linguistic and Archaeological Perspectives|journal=Annual Review of Linguistics|volume=1|issue=1|pages=199–219|doi=10.1146/annurev-linguist-030514-124812|issn=2333-9683|doi-access=free}}</ref> Durgol yah-ngartaa ƴellitii e nder ladde Pontik-Kaspiyankeewal fuɗɗoraade e jamaanu Kalkolitik.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Haak|first1=Wolfgang|last2=Lazaridis|first2=Iosif|last3=Patterson|first3=Nick|last4=Rohland|first4=Nadin|last5=Mallick|first5=Swapan|last6=Llamas|first6=Bastien|last7=Brandt|first7=Guido|last8=Nordenfelt|first8=Susanne|last9=Harney|first9=Eadaoin|last10=Stewardson|first10=Kristin|last11=Fu|first11=Qiaomei|date=11 June 2015|title=Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe|journal=Nature|volume=522|issue=7555|pages=207–211|doi=10.1038/nature14317|issn=0028-0836|pmc=5048219|pmid=25731166|bibcode=2015Natur.522..207H|arxiv=1502.02783}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.science.org/content/article/nomadic-herders-left-strong-genetic-mark-europeans-and-asians|first=Ann|last=Gibbons|date=10 June 2015|title=Nomadic herders left a strong genetic mark on Europeans and Asians|journal=Science|publisher=AAAS|access-date=25 September 2022|archive-date=2 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220902191050/https://www.science.org/content/article/nomadic-herders-left-strong-genetic-mark-europeans-and-asians|url-status=live}}</ref> Heddiiɓe e ɗeen siwiluuji steppe njiytaama e nokkuuji ko wayi no Ipatovo, Sintashta, Arkaim, e Pazyryk, ɗi njogii batte pucci ɓurɗe anndeede e nder hare.<ref name="Belinskij-1999">{{Cite journal|last1=Belinskij|first1=Andrej|last2=Härke|first2=Heinrich|title=The 'Princess' of Ipatovo|journal=Archeology|volume=52|issue=2|year=1999|url=http://cat.he.net/~archaeol/9903/newsbriefs/ipatovo.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080610043326/http://cat.he.net/~archaeol/9903/newsbriefs/ipatovo.html|archive-date=10 June 2008|access-date=26 December 2007}}</ref> Ko taariindi haalooɓe ɓesngu ɗemngal Ural to worgo Yuroopu, ko eggugol ummoraade Siberi fuɗɗii ko famɗi fof duuɓi 3,500 jooni.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lamnidis|first1=Thiseas C.|last2=Majander|first2=Kerttu|last3=Jeong|first3=Choongwon|last4=Salmela|first4=Elina|last5=Wessman|first5=Anna|last6=Moiseyev|first6=Vyacheslav|last7=Khartanovich|first7=Valery|last8=Balanovsky|first8=Oleg|last9=Ongyerth|first9=Matthias|last10=Weihmann|first10=Antje|last11=Sajantila|first11=Antti|last12=Kelso|first12=Janet|last13=Pääbo|first13=Svante|last14=Onkamo|first14=Päivi|last15=Haak|first15=Wolfgang|date=27 November 2018|title=Ancient Fennoscandian genomes reveal origin and spread of Siberian ancestry in Europe|journal=Nature Communications|language=en|volume=9|issue=1|page=5018|doi=10.1038/s41467-018-07483-5|pmid=30479341|pmc=6258758|bibcode=2018NatCo...9.5018L|s2cid=53792952|issn=2041-1723}}</ref> E teeminannde 3 haa 4 CE, laamu Gothic Oium ina woodi e fuɗnaange Roosiya, caggal ɗuum Huns en njippini ɗum. Hakkunde teeminannde 3th e 6th caggal iisa, Laamu Bosporan, wonnoo ko laamu Hellenistik lomtiingu koloniiji Giriik, nguu kadi ina heewi njiimaandi e njilluuji gonɗi e leƴƴi hareeji ko wayi no Huns e Avars Eurasian.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Tsetskhladze, G. R.|title=The Greek Colonisation of the Black Sea Area: Historical Interpretation of Archaeology|publisher=F. Steiner|year=1998|page=48|isbn=978-3-515-07302-8}}</ref> Khazar en, ɓe iwdi mum en Turkiya, laamiima steppes hakkunde Kaukasus to fuɗnaange, to fuɗnaange rewrude e maayo Volga, e hirnaange haa Kiev to maayo Dnieper haa e teeminannde 10th.Caggal maɓɓe ari ko Pechenegs en mbaɗi konfederaasiyoŋ mawɗo, caggal ɗuum ko Cuman en e Kipchak en ƴetti ɗum. Maamiraaɓe Roosiyanaaɓe ina njeyaa e leƴƴi Slavic en ceertuɗi e Proto-Indo-Yuroopunaaɓe, peeñɗi e bannge worgo-fuɗnaange Yuroopu c.Duuɓi 1500 jooni.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Zhernakova|first1=Daria V.|display-authors=etal|title=Genome-wide sequence analyses of ethnic populations across Russia|volume=112|number=1|journal=Genomics|year=2020|pages=442–458|doi=10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.03.007|doi-access=free|publisher=[[Elsevier]]|pmid=30902755}}</ref> Slaav en fuɗnaange ina njooɗii seeɗa-seeɗa e hirnaange Roosiya (ko ina wona hakkunde Mosku e Saint-Petersburg hannde) e nder ɓoggi ɗiɗi: gooto ina ummoo Kiev feewde Suzdal e Murom hannde oo, goɗɗo oo ina ummoo Tver feewde Novgorod e Rostov. Ko adii eggugol Slavic en, oon nokku ina hoɗnoo e leƴƴi Finno-Ugrin en.<ref>{{Cite book|author=[[David Christian (historian)|Christian, D.]]|title=A History of Russia, Central Asia and Mongolia|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofrussiac0000chri_c0t2|publisher=Blackwell Publishing|year=1998|pages=[https://archive.org/details/historyofrussiac0000chri_c0t2/page/6 6]–7|isbn=978-0-631-20814-3}}</ref>{{sfn|Curtis|1998|loc=Chapter 1–2. Historical Setting}}<ref>Ed. [[Timothy Reuter]], ''The New Cambridge Medieval History'', Volume 3, Cambridge University Press, 1995, pp. 494-497. {{ISBN|0-521-36447-7}}.</ref> === Daartol aranol === E teeminannde 7th-9th, ɗeen leyɗeele ko leƴƴi Slavic fuɗnaange hoɗnoo, e nder feccere hakkundeere Ukrain hannde ndee e feccere hirnaange Roosiya hannde ndee. E yontaaji hakkundeeji, leyɗeele ɗiɗi ɗee fof ngonnoo ko e dowla gooto, laamorgo mum ko Kiev.E teeminannde 12th, dowla Kiyev fuɗɗii feccude e nder laamuuji keewɗi. E teeminannde 12th, Yuri Dolgoruky, ɓiy 6ɓo laamɗo Kiev biyeteeɗo Volodymyr Monomakh, alaa hakke e jappeere laamu, ɗum noon o ummii ngam heɓtude leyɗeele to fuɗnaange-rewo.<ref name="Borrero-p3">{{cite book|surname=Borrero|given=Mauricio|title=Russia: A Reference Guide from the Renaissance to the Present|series=European Nations|place=New York|publisher=Facts on File|year=2004|isbn=0-8160-4454-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dhm0cGdrTOIC|page=3}}</ref> Nii woni, e cakkital teeminannde 12th, leƴƴi Slavic en tawi koye mum en e leyɗeele hakkundeeje Roosiya. Ko adii nde ɓe ngartata, leƴƴi ɓadtiiɗi Finlandenaaɓe hannde ɓee ina nguurnoo e Mosku, ko Dolgoruky sosi ɗum wuro. Hare fuɗɗii hakkunde laamu Vladimir-Suzdal (hannde ko Roosiya hakkundeejo) e Kiyev, ɗum addani ɗum seertude e dowla Kiyev<ref>Прибалтийско-финские народы России / Отв. ред. Е.И. Клементьев, Н.В. Шлыгина. — М.,: Наука, 2003. — С. 361. — 671 с.</ref> [[File:Alexander Nevsky shroud 03 by shakko.JPG|thumb|170px|Aleksanndere Nevski, natal ɓurngal ɓooyde e laamɗo oo]] Caggal nde konu Batu ari e hitaande 1240, hooreejo dowlaaji worgo ɗii, hono Aleksanndere Nevski, wonti ɓiy Batu jibinaaɗo. Naatgol Aleksanndar e hareeji bannge Batu addani ɓiyiiko gorko biyeteeɗo Daniil, jahroowo e duuɓi 16, wontude laamɗo gadano Mosku, ɗum addani Roosiya hannde oo ƴellitaade. Wuro mawngo ngoɗngo e yontaaji hakkundeeji e nder leydi Roosiya hannde oo, ko Veliky Novgorod, ngo wonnoo ko e haɓde e Moscow, Moscow heɓti ngo tan ko e hitaande 1478. Leƴƴi Ukrain e Belarus, ɗi ceerti e Roosiyanaaɓe haa jooni caggal teeminannde 14th, naatii e Lithugea (haa e teeminannde 18th, ɗeen leƴƴi ɗiɗi ina njokkondiri no feewi, ɗemɗe Ukrain e Belarus ina mbaɗi haa hannde 84% e keewal ngewte). E darorɗe teeminannde 15th, Horde kaŋŋe, dowla lomto Batu, feccii e Laamu Kirime, Laamu Astrakhan e Kazan, e Dowla Muscovite (Russie), jogorɗo waɗde hareeji njiyaagu e sehilaaɓe mum ɓooyɓe e hoɗdiiɓe mum, ko adii fof ko e Lithugea. Hareeji ina njokki haa jooni ngam heɓtude wuro Smolensk. Roosiyanaaɓe, hono Ukrainnaaɓe e Belarusnaaɓe, iwdi mum en ko e leƴƴi Slavic en fuɗnaange, mbaɗti leñol ceertungol e nder Laamaandi Moscovite e nder teeminannde 15th-17th<ref>Тарас А. Е. Войны Московской Руси с Великим княжеством Литовским и Речью Посполитой в XIV—XVII вв. — М.; Минск : АСТ; Харвест, 2006. — 800</ref><ref>Русско-литовские и русско-польские войны // Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона : в 86 т. (82 т. и 4 доп.). — СПб., 1890—1907</ref><ref>Кром М. М. Стародубская война (1534—1537). Из истории русско-литовских отношений. — М.: Рубежи XXI, 2008.</ref><ref>Записки о Московіи XVI вѣка сэра Джерома Горсея. Переводъ съ англійскаго Н. А. Бѣлозерской. Съ предисловіемъ и примечаніями Н. И. Костомарова.— С.-Петербургъ: Изданіе А. С. Суворина, 1909. — 159 с.</ref>. === Jamaanu keso === [[File:Muscovy 1390 1525.png|thumb|200px|Laamu Moscou - ɓernde daartol leydi Roosiya]] Roosiyanaaɓe hannde ngari e Ukraine ko e teeminannde 17th, e nder hare ngam heɓde ndimaagu Ukrain e hitaande 1648-1654, e haɓaade njiyaagu Poloñ e gardagol Bohdan Khmelnytsky, e hitaande 1654 nanondiral siynaa e Roosiya<ref>[https://archive.org/details/OtmStMalPechSl1905/1905/page/n5/mode/1up?view=theater Об отмене стеснений малорусского печатного слова]</ref>. Ukraninaaɓe njiyraaka no ɓiɓɓe leydi nii, tee ina keewi neldeede to Roosiya ngam golloraade doole, ɗum noon ina luulndii nanondiral 1654. (10 000 Ukrainnaajo maayi e nder ngonkaaji ɗi laaɓaani e nder mahngo kanndaa Ladoga.) E hitaande 1708, Ivan Mazepa, hooreejo Ukraninaaɓe e oon sahaa, ummini rewolisiyoŋ ngam yiɗde taƴde jokkondiral mum e Roosiya, tawi fuɗɗinooma hare mum e Suwed. E hitaande 1775, Roosiya halki Kosaak en Ukraninaaɓe e caka mum en, hono Sich, ko ɗum addani leñol Ukraninaaɓe maccude ɗum en rewrude e Russifikaasiyoŋ (e ɗemngal Roosiya Русификация) - halkude ɗemngal e pinal Ukraninaaɓe<ref>[http://litopys.org.ua/ohienko/oh14.htm XIVЯК МОСКВА ЗНИЩИЛА ВОЛЮ ДРУКУ КИЄВО-ПЕЧЕРСЬКОЇ ЛАВРИ]</ref>. [[File:Валуєвський циркуляр. Valuev Circular.jpg|thumb|200px|Yamiroore Valuev e hitaande 1863, nde wiyi : « ɗemngal Ukrain meeɗaa woodde, waawaa woodde, tee kala mo jaɓaani ndeeɗoo haala ko gaño Roosiya]] Yeruuji ɓurɗi teeŋtude e ngalɗoo politik ko kuulal Ems (e ɗemngal Roosiya Эмский указ) e kuulal ministeer geɗe nder leydi Roosiya biyeteeɗo Pyotr Valuev (e ɗemngal Roosiya Валуевский циркуляр), haɗi Ukraninaaɓe huutoraade ɗemngal mum en neeniwal<ref>[http://resource.history.org.ua/cgi-bin/eiu/history.exe?&I21DBN=EIU&P21DBN=EIU&S21STN=1&S21REF=10&S21FMT=eiu_all&C21COM=S&S21CNR=20&S21P01=0&S21P02=0&S21P03=TRN=&S21COLORTERMS=0&S21STR=Valuievskyj_tsyrkuliar ВАЛУЄВСЬКИЙ ЦИРКУЛЯР]</ref>. === Teeminannde 20th === E hitaande 1914, laamɗo biyeteeɗo Nikolaas II haɗi mawninde duuɓi 100 jibinannde binndoowo Ukrain lolluɗo biyeteeɗo Taras Shevchenko e nder laamu Roosiya.<ref>{{cite book|last=Obolensky|first=Dimitri|url=https://archive.org/details/byzantiumslavs0000obol|title=Byzantium & the Slavs|date=1971|isbn=978-0-88141-008-2|pages=75–108|publisher=St. Vladimir's Seminary Press|url-access=registration}}</ref> E fuɗɗoode hitaande 1917, Rewolison Feebariyee mo Alexander Kerensky ardii, fooli laamu nguu, rokki leƴƴi tooñanngeeji ko adii ɗuum fartaŋŋe haɓaade ndimaagu mum en<ref>[https://kpi.ua/shevchenko-revolt Ювілей Т.Г. Шевченка і студентські заворушення в Києві 100 років тому]</ref>. Caggal nde o heɓi laamu e darorɗe hitaande 1917, Lenin bayyini wolde nder leydi e nder Laamu Roosiya ɓooyngu, teeŋti noon e wolde 1917–1921 hakkunde Republique Populaire Ukraine e Roosiya Sowiyet, ko ɗum addani Ukraine feccude hakkunde Poloñ e Roosiya (e, gila 1922, Dental Sowiyet)<ref>Корніеєнко Агніешка Розстріляне відродження / Rozstrzeelane odrodzenie, Краків-Перемишль 2010 (пол.), 272 с.</ref> <ref> Від українізації до русифікації. Інформаційний бюлетень ЗП УГВР. — Ч. 2. — Нью-Йорк, 1970.</ref>. E hitaande 1932-1933, laamu Sowiyetik e gardagol Joseph Stalin fuɗɗii Holodomor (heege artificielle), ko ɗum huunde nde yimɓe heewɓe nganndi ko warngooji baɗnooɗi e yimɓe Ukrain, ko ina tolnoo e miliyoŋaaji 10 neɗɗo maayi heen<ref>Репресовані кінематографісти. Актуальна пам'ять: Статті й документи /Кінематографічні студії. Випуск п'ятий. — К.: «Кіно-Театр»; «АРТ КНИГА», 2017. — 176 с.</ref>. [[File:Gulag Location Map.png|thumb|230px|Kartal kaɓirɗe Gulag ɗe ɓe mbaɗi e laamu Stalin]] E hitaande 1937, NKVD (caggal ɗuum innitiraa ko Ministeer geɗe nder leydi Dental Sowiyet) fiyi ko ɓuri heewde e annduɓe Ukraninaaɓe, e yimɓe pinal, e annduɓe, ɓe mbari ɓalli maɓɓe e nder sirlu e nder ladde Bykivnyan, ɗo siftorde mahiraa caggal nde Dental Sowiyet yani<ref>Історія української літератури XX століття: у 2 кн.: 1910—1930-ті роки: Навч. посібник/ за ред. В. Г. Дончика. — Кн. 1. — К.: Либідь, 1993. — С. 21.</ref>. E hitaande 1941-1945, Naseer en keɓti leydi ndii fof, gooto e siwil en Ukraninaaɓe njoyo maayi heen. E kitaale 1960 e 1980, laamu Sowiyet ina softina luural no feewi, ina nelda luulndiiɓe mum miijooji e nder kasooji e nder opitaaluuji hakkillaaji. Luulndo ɓurngo lollude e leydi Ukraine ko Vasyl Stus.<ref>Русначенко А. М. Національно-визвольний рух в Україні середина 1950-х — початок 1990-х років. — К., 1998.</ref> E kitaale 1985-1991, Dental Sowiyet yani, ñalnde 24 ut 1991, Ukrain habri jeytaare mum.<ref>Каганов Ю. О. Опозиційний виклик: Україна і Центрально-Східна Європа 1980-х — 1991 рр. — Запоріжжя, 2009.Касьянов Г. В. Незгодні: українська інтелігенція в русі опору 1960- 80-х років. — К., 1995</ref> === Teeminannde 21th === Caggal manndaa tataɓo Vladimir Putin, gardinooɗo laamu e hitaande 2012, leydi Roosiya fuɗɗiima haɓaade ndimaagu haala. Yanti heen, caggal nde Putin heɓi laamu , mooftude konu mum sara keerol fuɗnaange Ukrayiina, o waɗti hare humpito mawnde e leydi ndii. Ngam jokkude laamu, hooreejo leydi Ukrayiina e oon sahaa, hono Viktor Yanukovich, noddii Putin yo neldu konu mum 2013, ɗum jibini seppooji biyeteeɗi Euromaidan. [[File:Ruins of Donetsk International airport (16).jpg|thumb|270px|Aeroport Donetsk, mo konu leydi Roosiya yani e nde ɓe keɓti wuro ngo, hitaande 2014]] Ñalnde 20 feebariyee 2014, nde Yanukovich woni to Kiev, Roosiya umminii feere ngam heɓtude Kirime. Ñalnde 12 abriil 2014, Roosiya fuɗɗii wolde to fuɗnaange Ukrain nde konu nguu, e gardagol ofisee fedde ndeenka leydi Roosiya, hono Igor Girkin, heɓti wuro Slovyansk. Ñalnde 13 abriil 2014, Ukrayiina umminii « operation anti-terroriste » (ATO) ngam haɗde Roosiya<ref> [https://nikvesti.com/news/incidents/59805 Террористы привязали мужчину с украинским флагом к столбу в Зугрэсе]</ref> <ref> [https://news.obozrevatel.com/politics/80167-popavshij-v-plen-boets-ato-rasskazal-ob-izdevatelstvah-tolpyi-u-stolba-pozora.htm Попавший в плен боец АТО рассказал об издевательствах толпы у "столба позора"]</ref><ref> [https://www.5.ua/suspilstvo/nezlamni-iryna-dovhan-istoriia-donechchanky-katovanoi-okupantamy-za-dopomohu-ukrainskym-biitsiam-197262.html НЕZЛАМНІ: Ірина Довгань - історія донеччанки, катованої окупантами за допомогу українським бійцям ]</ref><ref> [https://web.archive.org/web/20160902091720/http://uapress.info/uk/news/show/37843 Патріотка Ірина Довгань, яку катували терористи, розповіла, чому не вважає себе героїнею]</ref>. Haa e hitaande 2022, Roosiya, rewrude « Republique populaire de Donetsk », laamɗo mum gadano oo, ko politikyanke biyeteeɗo Alexander Borodai, jeyaaɗo to Mosku, waɗi hare e Ukrayiina, nde ɓeydii hare haa wonti hare timmunde e Ukrayiina. E hitaande 2022, seppooji keewɗi ngam haɓaade wolde mbaɗii e nder leydi Roosiya, ɗi doole kisal ndartini<ref>Garaev D. The Methodology of the ‘Russian World’and ‘Russian Islam:’New Ideologies of the Post-Socialist Context (англ.) // The Soviet and Post-Soviet Review. — 2021. — Iss. 48, no. 3. — P. 367—390.</ref> <ref>Лариса Дмитрівна Якубова. Рашизм: звір з безодні. — Akademperiodyka, 2023. — 315 с. </ref> <ref>Tsygankov, Daniel Beruf, Verbannung, Schicksal: Iwan Iljin und Deutschland // Archiv fuer Rechts- und Sozialphilosophie. — Bielefeld, 2001. — Vol. 87. — 1. Quartal. — Heft 1. — S. 44—60.</ref>. [[File:Executed people in basement in Bucha.jpg|thumb|250px|Siwil en leydi Ukrayiina mbaraama e juuɗe dadiiɓe leydi Riisi to wuro Bucha, 2022]] To leydi Ukrayiina, Roosiya waɗii bonanndeeji mawɗi e nder wolde, ko wayi no bommbooji e nokkuuji siwil en, e halkude gure timmuɗe ko wayi no Mariupol, e torlaade siwil en sabu miijooji mum en luulndiiɗi, haa arti noon e torlaade e nder cuuɗi hoɗɓe. Bonannde ɓurnde bonde e siwil en to Ukrayiina ko warngooji baɗnooɗi to wuro Bucha, baɗnooɗi e lewru marse 2022<ref>[https://memopzk.org/figurant/moskalyov-aleksej-vladimirovich/ Москалёв Алексей Владимирович]</ref>.<ref>[https://suspilne.media/kyiv/785809-poskodzena-budivla-med-zakladu-e-zagibli-rf-zavdala-povtornogo-udaru-po-kievu/ Пошкоджена будівля медзакладу, є загиблі: РФ завдала повторного удару по Києву]</ref>. Ganndo politik Roosiya biyeteeɗo Timofey Sergeytsev, e nder winndannde mum « Hol ko Roosiya foti waɗde e Ukrayiina ? (E ɗemngal Roosiya: Что Россия сделать с Украиной?), noddi warngooji keewɗi. Ameriknaajo biyeteeɗo Timothy Snyder innitiri ɗum "Deftere janngirnde warngooji leydi Roosiya" <ref>[https://snyder.substack.com/p/russias-genocide-handbook Russia's genocide handbook]</ref> <ref>[https://kanaldim.tv/ru/eto-nastoyashhij-konczlager-21-filtraczionnyj-lager-sozdali-okkupanty-na-donetchine/ Это настоящий концлагерь: 21 фильтрационный лагерь создали оккупанты на Донетчине]</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61208404 'You can't imagine the conditions' - Accounts emerge of Russian detention camps]</ref> <ref>[https://www.huffpost.com/entry/filtration-camps-russia-ukraine-war_n_624ac8b9e4b0e44de9c485ea Mariupol Women Report Russians Taking Ukrainians To 'Filtration Camps']</ref> <ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jun/12/ukrainians-who-fled-to-georgia-reveal-details-of-russias-filtration-camps Ukrainians who fled to Georgia reveal details of Russia’s ‘filtration camps’]</ref>. == Ɗuɗuugo yimɓe == {{multiple image|direction=vertical|caption_align=center|align=right|title=|image1=Russia Population Density Map 2021.png|caption1=Denndaangal yimɓe e nder gure leydi Roosiya fawaade e binnditagol hitaande 2021|image2=Ethnic groups in Russia of more than 1 million people 2010 Census English.png|caption2={{font|size=100%|text=Leƴƴi e nder leydi Roosiya ina njogii yimɓe ko ina tolnoo e miliyoŋ gooto e binnditagol hitaande 2010}}}} Roosiya ina joginoo 146,0 miliyoŋ neɗɗo e hitaande 2025 (143,6 miliyoŋ tawa Kirime e Sebastopol ina heen),<ref name="2021census">{{ru-pop-ref|2021Census}}</ref> ko famɗi fof 147,2 miliyoŋ neɗɗo e binnditagol 2021.<ref name="2021census" /> Ko leydi ɓurndi heewde yimɓe e nder Orop, ndi woni leydi nayaɓiri ɓurndi heewde yimɓe e winndere nde. E nder keewal yimɓe 8.5 km² (22 hoɗɓe/miiluuji kaaree),<ref>146,028,325 inhabitants / 17,098,246 km² = 8.5 inhabitants per km²</ref> Roosiya ina jeyaa e leyɗe ɓurɗe famɗude yimɓe e winndere nde,<ref name="cia">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/russia/|title=Russia – The World Factbook|work=[[The World Factbook]]|publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]]|access-date=4 March 2022|archive-date=9 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109173026/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/russia/|url-status=live}}</ref> tawi ko ɓuri heewde e yimɓe mum ina tawee e nder feccere mum hirnaange.<ref>{{cite web|date=25 February 2025|title=Рейтинг рождаемости в регионах: кто в лидерах, а кто в аутсайдерах {{!}} Москва|url=https://fedpress.ru/article/3365231|access-date=26 February 2025|website=ФедералПресс|language=ru-RU}}</ref> Leydi ndii ina heewi gure, tataɓe ɗiɗi e yimɓe leydi ndii ina nguuri e gure. Haa e hitaande 2024, keewal jibinannde e nder leydi Roosiya ina hiisa ko 1,41 suka jibinaaɗo e debbo gooto,<ref>{{cite web|date=15 January 2020|title=Russia's Putin seeks to stimulate birth rate|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-51120165|access-date=5 January 2022|publisher=BBC}}</ref> ko les tolno lomto 2,1 e nder ɓurɓe famɗude e winndere nde.[6] Caggal ɗuum, ina jeyaa e yimɓe ɓurɓe ɓooyde e winndere ndee, tawi duuɓi mum ina tolnoo e 41,9 hitaande.<ref name="cia2">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/russia/|title=Russia – The World Factbook|work=[[The World Factbook]]|publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]]|access-date=4 March 2022|archive-date=9 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109173026/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/russia/|url-status=live}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == {{Reflist}} Yimɓe leydi Roosiya ina tolnoo e miliyoŋaaji 148 neɗɗo e hitaande 1993, caggal ɗuum ɓe ustii sabu maayɓe maɓɓe ɓurɓe heewde jibinannde, ko ɗum won e annduɓe mbiyata ko kiris demokaraasi.[7] E hitaande 2009, nde winnditii ɓeydagol yimɓe hitaande kala ko adii fof e nder duuɓi sappo e joy, caggal ɗuum nde heɓi ɓeydagol yimɓe hitaande kala sabu ustaare maayɓe, ɓeydagol jibinannde, e ɓeydagol immigration.[8] Kono ɗeen dañal yimɓe mbayliima gila 2020, sibu maayɓe ɓurtuɓe e rafi COVID-19 addani ɗum ustaare ɓurnde mawnude e sahaa jam e nder daartol mum.[9] Caggal nde Roosiya yani e Ukraine e hitaande 2022, caɗeele demokaraasi ɓeydiima,[10] sabu maayɓe heewɓe e konu[11] e eggugol kesol.[12] Wiɗtooji baɗanooɗi ko ɓooyaani kollitii wonde hakkunde 15-45% e eggooɓe Roosiya ngartii Roosiya, hay so tawii noon ɗeen limooje ngonaa laaɓtuɗe.[13]{{Commons|Ukraine}} {{Yuroopu}} [[Catégorie:Leydi]] [[Catégorie:Yuroopu]] ==Neesuji== Mawɗun hollirɗum neesuji Roosiya Boishoi wuro fijirde tokkirgo go haa [[Moscow]] neesuji Rasha ndi keɓoyi harande e ta laawol distinorde ummatore inare ɗe – ɗe woni ɗen bo e jajirka majun neesuji dinna e joɗaagu e hollurgo hirnawol duniyaaru. Winɗaɓe e anɗuɓe lasgol Roosiya ɓe yabi gamol bongol faaro maruki yumuki Turanko’en. Ha e jonii Roosiyanko’en ɓe gaɗi inɗe sombe e bauɗi e hiɓɓe ɗenno. Balle, fiijjoje, ɗuɗugo e gure ɗere-ɗere filmi. Ha e ko jonni ummatore ɗe hokki balle artuɗe e kononini tayaka e gollirka e jiituki ko yaari dau kode. Roosiya e go wodi wuro e go ɗun inaje distinorde go UNESCO 3019 gada nɗer maɓɓe neesuji ɗi e bo ɗen goɗɗe gutule 27 ɗon ɓali eɗer goɗɗeje ɗe ɗun siryi. Mawɗe leddi Roosiya ɗe duniyaaru hanje ma ɗe yaɓi gamol faaro sakugo neesuji Roosiya e fuu dunjaru – halama leydi ɗi Roosiya shila ga ko e ɗiɗi ɗun heɓi fuɗɗaɗe tun zaman Tsardom, ɗenbo e ɗi ɗer Toggore makamiji e shaidaki. E ɗun wada kaute e Bear Roosiya e inna Roosiya. E ɗau Areji ɗi kononi leydi ɗin. E ɗun Hosha goyaɗi matryeshka e ɗau nan dirɗun neesuji Roosiya. == Joografi == [[File:Russian Federation Relief Map.png|thumb|Kartal topografi leydi Roosiya]] [[Fichier:Russian Federation (orthographic projection).svg|thumb|right|250px|Roosiya]] Leydi Roosiya mawndi ina yaaji e dow fuɗnaange Yuroopu e bannge worgo Aasi.[227] Nde fawii ko e daande maayo ɓurngo worgo Yuroopu ; ina jogii daande maayo nayaɓere ɓurnde juutde e winndere ndee, ko ina ɓura 37 653 km (23 396 mi).[f][229] Roosiya ina woni hakkunde latitude 41° e 82° N, e njuuteendi 19° E e 169° W, ina yaaji fotde 9 000 km ( 600 mi) fuɗnaange haa hirnaange, e 2 500 haa 4 000 km (1 600 haa 2 500 mi) fuɗnaange haa fuɗnaange.[230] Roosiya, to bannge leydi, ɓuri duuɗe tati mawnude,[g] ina jogii wertallo leydi no Pluton nii.[231] Roosiya ina jogii koɗli mawɗi jeenay, ina tawee e diiwanuuji ɓurɗi fuɗnaange, ɗi ndenndi feccere mawnde e koɗli Kaukasus (ina waɗi koɗli Elbrus, ɗi 5 642 m (18 510 ft) woni ko ɓuri toowde e Roosiya e Yuroopu);[9]. ] koɗli Altay e Sayan to Siberi; e nder Fuɗnaange Siberi e nder duunde Kamchatka to Fuɗnaange ɓadiiɗo Roosiya (ina waɗi Klyuchevskaya Sopka, mo 4 750 m (15 584 ft) woni ɓuuɓol ɓurngol toowde e nder Yuroopu).[232][233] Koye Ural, dogduɗe fuɗnaange haa fuɗnaange rewrude e hirnaange leydi ndii, ina keewi ngalu, ina mbaɗa keeri gaadanteeji hakkunde Yuroopu e Asii.[234] Toɓɓere ɓurnde lesɗude e nder leydi Roosiya e Yuroopu, woni ko e hoore maayo Kaspi, ɗo ɓuuɓol Kaspi yettotoo ko ina wona meeteruuji 29 (95,1 ft) les ɓuuɓol maayo.[235] Roosiya, ko gooto e leyɗeele tati tan e nder winndere ndee, keerorɗe geec tati,[227] ina jokkondiri e geecuuji keewɗi.[h][236] Duuɗe mum mawɗe e arsipelaaji ina njeyaa heen Novaya Zemlya, leydi Franz Josef, Severnaya Zemlya, leydi kesiri Duunde Siberi, duunde Wrangel, duunde Kuril (nay heen ina luurdi e Japon), e Sakalin.[237][238] Duundeeji Diomede, ɗi Roosiya e Amerik njiimi, ina ceerti tan ko 3,8 km (2,4 miil);[239] e duunde Kunashir e nder duuɗe Kuril ina woɗɗi tan 20 km (12,4 mi) e Hokkaido, Japon.[2] Roosiya, leydi ndi ko ina tolnoo e 100 000 maayo,[227] ina jeyaa e leyɗeele ɓurɗe mawnude e winndere ndee, tawi noon maayooji mum ina njogii ko ina tolnoo e feccere e ndiyam laaɓɗam e nder winndere ndee.[233] Lake Baikal, ɓurnde mawnude e ɓurnde maantinde e nder ndiyam laaɓɗam e nder leydi Roosiya, ko maayo ɓurngo luggiɗde, laaɓtungo, ɓurngo ɓooyde e ɓurngo yaajde e winndere ndee, ina waɗi ko ina ɓura joyaɓal ndiyam laaɓɗam e nder winndere ndee.[240] Ladoga e Onega to fuɗnaange-rewo leydi Roosiya ko maayooji ɗiɗi ɓurɗi mawnude e nder Yuroopu.[227] Roosiya woni ɗiɗaɓo caggal Beresiil e keewal ndiyam kesam-hesaagu.[241] Volga to bannge hirnaange Roosiya, mo heewɓe cikkata ko maayo ngenndiijo Roosiya, ko maayo ɓurngo juutde e Yuroopu ; e waɗde Delta Volga, woni delta maayo ɓurɗo mawnude e nder duunde he.[242] Maayooji Siberi ɗi Ob, Yenisey, Lena, e Amur ina njeyaa e maayooji ɓurɗi juutde e winndere nde.[243] === Wakati === [[File:Russia Köppen.svg|thumb|upright=1.38|Köppen renndinde weeyo leydi Roosiya]] Mawnugol leydi Roosiya e woɗɗude nokkuuji mum keewɗi e geec ina addana ɗum ɓurde heewde nguleeki weeyo e nder ko ɓuri heewde e leydi ndii, so wonaa e nder tundra e fuɗnaange-rewo ɓurɗo toowde. Koɗli to fuɗnaange e fuɗnaange ina kaɗa dogdu henndu ngulndu ummoraade e geec Inndo e Pasifik, tawi noon, ŋorol Yuroopu ngol ina rewi bannge hirnaange e worgo mum ina uddita ɗum ngam heɓde semmbe ummoraade e geec Atlantik e Arktik.[244] Ko ɓuri heewde e fuɗnaange-rewo Roosiya e Siberi ina njogii weeyo ɓuuɓngo, tawi ndunngu ina tiiɗi no feewi e nder diiwanuuji nder worgo-fuɗnaange Siberi (ko ɓuri heewde ko Sakha, ɗo Pole Fuɗnaange-rewo woni e nguleeki ɓurtuki −71,2 °C walla −96,2 °F) ,[237] e ndunngu ɓurngu ɓuuɓde e nokkuuji goɗɗi. Koɗorɗe Roosiya mawɗe e nder geec Arktik e duuɗe Arktik Roosiya ina njogii weeyo polar.[244] Feccere daande maayo Krasnodar Krai e dow maayo ɓaleejo, ko ɓuri teeŋtude e Sochi, e won e nokkuuji daande maayo e nder Kaukasus worgo ina njogii nokkuuji ɓuuɓɗi e nder weeyo ɓuuɓngo e ɓuuɓngo.[244] E nder diiwanuuji keewɗi Fuɗnaange Siberi e Fuɗnaange Roosiya, ndunngu ina yoori so yerondiraama e ndunngu ; nde wonnoo nokkuuji goɗɗi e nder leydi ndii ina keɓa toɓooli ɓurɗi heewde e nder yontaaji. Toɓooli ndunngu e nder ko ɓuri heewde e nokkuuji leydi ndii ina keewi ɓuuɓde no nees nii. Nokkuuji ɓurɗi hirnaange e nder diiwaan Kaliningrad e won e nokkuuji to fuɗnaange Krasnodar Krai e Kaukasus worgo ina njogii weeyo geec.[244] Diiwaan gonɗo e daande maayo Volga les e maayo Kaspi, kam e won e nokkuuji ɓurɗi hoɗde e Siberi, ina njogii weeyo ngo semi-arid.[245] E nder ko ɓuri heewde e leydi ndii, ko yontaaji ɗiɗi tan ceertuɗi, ndunngu e ndunngu ; no ndunngu e ndunngu keewi juutde nii.[244] Lewru ɓurndu toowde ko lewru Yarkoma (Febariyee to daande maayo); ko ɓuri welde ko lewru sulyee. Ko mbaydiiji nguleeki mawɗi ngoni tippudi. E nder ndunngu, nguleeki ina ɓeydoo ɓuuɓde gila fuɗnaange haa worgo, gila hirnaange haa fuɗnaange. Sommer ina waawi wonde no feewi, hay to Siberi.[246] Waylo-waylo weeyo e nder leydi Roosiya ina addana yiite laddeeji heewde,[247] e ɓuuɓnude nokkuuji mawɗi ɗi leydi ndii jogii ɗii.[248] === Keewceeral nguurndam === [[File:Саблинский хребет.jpg|thumb|Park ngenndiijo Yugyd Va nder leydi Komi woni parc ngenndiijo ɓurɗo mawnude e nder Yuroopu.]] Roosiya, sabu mawnugol mum mawngol, ina jogii ekosistemaaji keewɗi, ina jeyaa heen jeereende polaar, tundra, tundra ladde, taiga, ladde jillondirnde e leɗɗe jaajɗe, steppe ladde, steppe, semi-jeere, e subtropik.[249] Fotde feccere e leydi Roosiya ko laddeeji,[9] ina jogii laddeeji ɓurɗi mawnude e winndere ndee,[250] ɗi njiylotoo ko yoga e gaas karbonik ɓurɗo heewde e winndere ndee.[250][251] Keewceeral nguurndam leydi Roosiya ina waɗi 12 500 sifaa leɗɗe ɓuuɓɗe, 2 200 sifaa briyofit, fotde 3 000 sifaa lichen, 7 000–9 000 sifaa algae, e 20 000–25 000 sifaa funeeɓe. Fauna Roosiya ina waɗi 320 sifaa daabaaji, ko ina ɓura 732 sifaa colli, 75 sifaa kullon ladde, fotde 30 sifaa amfibiiji, 343 sifaa liɗɗi ndiyam laaɓɗam (endemism toowɗo), ko ina tolnoo e 1 500 sifaa liɗɗi ndiyam lamɗam, sifaa cylostoc e 9 ko ina tolnoo e 100–150 000 kullon ladde (endemisme toowɗo).[249][252] Ko ina tolnoo e 1 100 leɗɗe e daabaaji ɗi keewaani, ɗi ngalaa ɗo kaaɗi, ina tawee e deftere boɗeere leydi Roosiya.[249] Ekosistemaaji leydi Roosiya fof ina ndesndaa e nder fotde 15 000 nokkuuji tawaaɗi e nder nokkuuji ceertuɗi, ina njogii ko ɓuri 10% e nokkuuji leydi ndii fof.[249] Ina heen 45 nokkuuji biosfeer,[253] 64 nokkuuji parkeeji ngenndiiji, e 101 nokkuuji tago.[254] Hay so tawii e nder ustaare, leydi ndii ina jogii haa hannde ekosistemaaji keewɗi ɗi nganndu-ɗaa ko ladde nde alaa ɗo haaɗi ; ko ɓuri heewde ko e nokkuuji taigaaji to bannge worgo, e tundra subaltik Siberi.[255] Roosiya ina joginoo limre 9,02 e hitaande 2019, woni 10ɓo e nder 172 leydi ; e leñol mawngol gadanol e nder winndere nde.[256] == Maandeeji ngenndiiji == <gallery mode="packed" class="center"> File:Flag of Russia.svg File:Coat of Arms of the Russian Federation.svg </gallery> == Tuugnorgal == {{Yuroopu}} {{Aasiya}} [[Catégorie:Leydi]] [[Catégorie:Yuroopu]] [[Catégorie:Aasiya]] [[Catégorie:Roosiya| ]] ==Hiimobe== iwpuosssjg7l72gnzidsxjku3dosm3d 0 3081 181102 101182 2026-08-05T02:18:52Z Icodense 4632 corr. 181102 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Banovci (Nijemci)]] iulre4aulzzq2f65y4aywwuk3l45p7i 0 3420 180888 110361 2026-08-04T22:19:07Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180888 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Armaaniya''' e lamgu ''Jamhuriwal Armaaniya'' un lesdi e hirna e nder lardu [[Yuroopu]] e [[Aasiya]] e ɗi waaɗi keerol e Turkie gaɗa hirna Joorjiya gaɗa woyla ɗenbo e lachin corridor (les mobgal balloɓe jonɗe jam ɓe Russii) hauti e Azarɓe jan gaɗa fuuna hai Iran e Aserbayjan e gongal geɓal Nakhchiiran gaɗa fombina.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Armenia|url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095424405|access-date=2025-03-29|website=Oxford Reference|language=en}}</ref> Yerevan kanje woni gelle mauɗe ɗe lesdi ɗin ɗembo gelle ɓurɗe ɗuwɗirka yimɓe. Armaaniya un lesdi ɗi ɗun nyiiɓi eɗau tsariwal laamu gootal eɗi wooɗo jamiyaaji ɗuɗɗi. Lesdi Armaaniya e yahira laamu democracio eɗer maari eɗi wooɗi neesuji ɗuɗɗii nefɗi (neeɓuuɗi) finaatawaji.<ref name="EIEC">{{Cite book|last1=Mallory|first1=J. P.|title=Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_1884964982|last2=Adams|first2=Douglas Q.|date=1997|publisher=Fitzroy Dearborn|isbn=978-1-884964-98-5|location=London|page=30|oclc=37931209|quote=Armenian presence in their historical seats should then be sought at some time before c 600 BC; [...] Armenian phonology, for instance, appears to have been greatly affected by Urartian, which may suggest a long period of bilingualism.}}</ref><ref name="Drews2017">Robert Drews (2017). ''Militarism and the Indo-Europeanizing of Europe''. Routledge. {{ISBN|978-0-367-88600-4}}. p. 228: "The vernacular of the Great Kingdom of Biainili was quite certainly Armenian. The Armenian language was obviously the region's vernacular in the fifth century BC, when Persian commanders and Greek writers paired it with Phrygian. That it as brought into the region between the early sixth and the early fifth century BC, and that it immediately obliterated whatever else had been spoken there, can hardly be supposed; [...] Because Proto-Armenian speakers seem to have lived not far from Hurrian speakers our conclusion must be that the Armenian language of Mesrop Mashtots was descended from an Indo-European language that had been spoken in southern Caucasia in the Bronze Age."</ref> Ɗun tiggi lesdi Armaaniya artuɗun urartu e ɗungu gu 860BC ɗembo e ƙarnu ɗun 6BC ɗi soitake inare e sattrapy ɗun Armaaniya laamorɗe Armaaniya ɗun waati semɓe e les Tigranes the great e ƙarnu ɗun1BC e ɗembo e ɗungu gu 301 ɗi latti lesdi eta artuɗi e duniyaaru egu hocci diina kiristaaku e jonɗe diina maari ɗun hukuma artuɗun ƙarnu ɗun 5. ==Faslu Leydi== [[Armaaniya]] eɗi e geɓal ngal jajirka kilomitaje 29,743 (sq mil 11,484). Lesdi ɗin ɗuɗka mari eɗi wodi nyoole hautie daalli (juggi) e laddeji seɗɗa. [[Leydi]] ɗi yeegi yaariigo mita 4,090 (kosɗe 13,419) ɗau e jonɗe beeli e Mount Arogats ɗembo waala inare gooɗuɗe e les geɓal [[leydi]] e mitawal 390 (1,280ft) ɗau e matakiwal weeɗu dammudun mangu geɓal [[leydi]] kanjun wooni sappojun ɓurɗun maugu e duniyaru ɗenbo eɗun woodi geɓal ngal nyooldeji e ƙalla hasirje 859% ɓurɗun e Switzerland ko [[Nepal]]. Mount Ararate lattiɗun e ɗistinorɗe ɗun lattake eɗer geɓal leydi [[Armaaniya]] kaire wooni nyolde ɓurɗe maugu e geɓal ngal goɗuuɗun nyolde yuutirɗe mita 5,137 (kosgal 16,854) E jooni ɗembo eɗun nɗer geɓal Turkie amma ɗembo ma e jairi ɗun wooni eɗun ɗaaraaɗun semɓe gaɗa [[Armaaniya]]. Armaaniyanko’en eɓe koshaaɗun e jonɗe alamawal lesdi maɓɓe dalila ɗemle gaɗa ɗun ɓe ngaadi hotorwal nyolɗe eɗer alamawal lesdi [[Armaaniya]] haa waɗɗi hanɗe. ==Laamu e Siyasaje== [[Armaaniya]] un jamhuriwal ɗun democracio ɗun majalisu. Kundiwal moftuki laamu [[Armaaniya]] ɗun lattake moftiide yahirki e laaamu arɗaaki jamhuriwal dau yeeso haa yaari [[lewru]] Afrilu 2018. E no kundiwal moftugo laamu [[Armaaniya]] ɗun njani arduujo [[leydi]] kanko wooni e joogiɗo e mauɗe kuuɗe ɗun wakiltiɗun, ndenbo e Firam Ministerjo mawɗo ha gomnaati, hanko yahinirta e harkaji zartirteɗi. Arɗugal shemmingal egal jungo Azgayin Zhoghov koboo majalisu dokaji ɗi lesdi lattiɗun hanjun wooni ɗun waala tokkaɓe ɗuɗɗe. ==Larduuji== Ɗun henɗi [[Armaaniya]] ko yaari larduji sappo ƙanji ngoni: {{Armenia Labelled Map|float=right}} [[File:Գեղարդ.jpg|thumb|[[Geghard]] monastery, [[Kotayk Province]]]] {|class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align:left; font-size:90%;" |- style="font-size:100%; text-align:left;" !colspan="1"|Larduuji !colspan="1"|Laamorde ! Manngu (km²) ! Ɗudugo yimɓe † |- |[[Aragatsotn Province|Aragatsotn]] |[[Ashtarak]] |style="text-align:right"|2,756 |style="text-align:right"|132,925 |- |[[Ararat Province|Ararat]] |[[Artashat, Armenia|Artashat]] |style="text-align:right"|2,090 |style="text-align:right"|260,367 |- |[[Armavir Province|Armavir]] |[[Armavir, Armenia|Armavir]] |style="text-align:right"|1,242 |style="text-align:right"|265,770 |- |[[Gegharkunik Province|Gegharkunik]]&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; |[[Gavar]] |style="text-align:right"|5,349 |style="text-align:right"|235,075 |- |[[Kotayk Province|Kotayk]] |[[Hrazdan]] |style="text-align:right"|2,086 |style="text-align:right"|254,397 |- |[[Lori Province|Lori]] |[[Vanadzor]] |style="text-align:right"|3,799 |style="text-align:right"|235,537 |- |[[Shirak Province|Shirak]] |[[Gyumri]] |style="text-align:right"|2,680 |style="text-align:right"|251,941 |- |[[Syunik Province|Syunik]] |[[Kapan]] |style="text-align:right"|4,506 |style="text-align:right"|141,771 |- |[[Tavush]] |[[Ijevan]] |style="text-align:right"|2,704 |style="text-align:right"|128,609 |- |[[Vayots Dzor]] |[[Yeghegnadzor]]&nbsp;&nbsp; |style="text-align:right"|2,308 |style="text-align:right"|52,324 |- |[[Yerevan]] |style="text-align:center"|– |style="text-align:right"|223 |style="text-align:right"|1,060,138 |} † 2011 census<br />Sources: Area and population of provinces.<ref>http://www.armstat.am/file/doc/99475033.pdf</ref> == Ɗuɗuugo Yimɓe == Yimɓe: Armaaniya 1950-2010 {|class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align:left; font-size:90%;" |- style="font-size:100%; text-align:left;" !colspan="1"|Leydi: Armaaniya ! ||||stat_ref: Armenia 2011 census<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://armstat.am/file/doc/99487293.pdf|title=Aragatsotn}}</ref><ref>[http://armstat.am/file/doc/99484283.pdf Tavush]</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://armstat.am/file/doc/99482223.pdf|title=Kotayk}}</ref><ref>[http://armstat.am/file/doc/99483943.pdf Vayots Dzor]</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://armstat.am/file/doc/99483283.pdf|title=Syunik}}</ref><ref>[http://armstat.am/file/doc/99485583.pdf Shirak]</ref><ref>[http://armstat.am/file/doc/99485708.pdf Lori]</ref><ref>[http://armstat.am/file/doc/99481713.pdf Gegharkunik]</ref><ref>[http://armstat.am/file/doc/99486683.pdf Armavir]</ref><ref>[http://armstat.am/file/doc/99485653.pdf Ararat]</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://armstat.am/file/doc/99485218.pdf|title=Yerevan}}</ref> |- !colspan="1"|Rank !colspan="1"|Name ! Larduuji ! Ɗuɗuugo yimɓe |- |1 || Yerevan || Yerevan || 1,060,138 |- |2 || Gyumri || Shirak Province{{!}}Shirak || 121,976 |- |3 || Vanadzor || Lori Province{{!}}Lori || 86,199 |- |4 ||Vagharshapat ||Armavir Province{{!}}Armavir ||46,540 |- |5 ||Abovyan ||Kotayk Province{{!}}Kotayk ||43,495 |- |6 ||Kapan ||Syunik Province{{!}}Syunik ||43,190 |- |7 ||Hrazdan ||Kotayk Province{{!}}Kotayk ||41,875 |- |8 ||Armavir, Armenia{{!}}Armavir ||Armavir Province{{!}}Armavir ||29,319 |- |9 ||Artashat, Armenia{{!}}Artashat ||Ararat Province{{!}}Ararat ||22,269 |- |10 ||Ijevan || Tavush Province{{!}}Tavush ||21,081 |- |11 ||Gavar ||Gegharkunik Province{{!}}Gegharkunik ||20,765 |- |12 ||Goris ||Syunik Province{{!}}Syunik ||20,591 |- |13 ||Charentsavan ||Kotayk Province{{!}}Kotayk ||20,363 |- |14 ||Ararat, Armenia{{!}}Ararat || Ararat Province{{!}}Ararat ||20,235 |- |15 ||Masis, Armenia{{!}}Masis ||Ararat Province{{!}}Ararat ||20,215 |- |16 ||Ashtarak ||Aragatsotn Province{{!}}Aragatsotn ||19,615 |- |17 ||Artik ||Shirak Province{{!}}Shirak ||19,534 |- |18 ||Sevan, Armenia{{!}}Sevan ||Gegharkunik Province{{!}}Gegharkunik ||19,229 |- |19 ||Dilijan ||Tavush Province{{!}}Tavush || 17,712 |- |20 ||Sisian ||Syunik Province{{!}}Syunik ||14,894 |} [[Fichier:Population armenia.png|thumb|Demography: Armaaniya 1950-2010]] == Galluure == * [[Yerevan]] 1,066,300 (2013) * [[Gyumri]] 121,300 * [[Vanadzor]] 85,700 ==Footo== <gallery> Am-map1.png|Armaaniya 2014 Erywań, Widoki z Kaskad (01).jpg|Yerevan Gyumrigeneralview.jpg|Gyumri Vandazor Armenia 1.jpg|thumb|Vanadzor </gallery> {{Commons|Armenia}} {{Yuroopu}} {{Aasiya}} ==Faɗɗitaa== {{reflist}} [[Catégorie:Leydi]] [[Catégorie:Yuroopu]] [[Catégorie:Aasiya]] [[Catégorie:Armaaniya]] trw9n1q7g62lkttyeo2qia40pmj17fz 0 3491 181106 93951 2026-08-05T02:19:37Z Icodense 4632 corr. 181106 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Carl Friedrich Gauss]] c0256cml0tgrs4b319qe7awoejjkq55 0 3565 181192 38605 2026-08-05T03:49:43Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181192 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Alhajji Umaru Taal''' (ou daayaama hiitande dowgu alif 1797 mayde:yande 12 lewru colte 1864)<ref>https://www.jstor.org/stable/3814100</ref> maa Umar Sayku Taal maa Al hajji Umar al Fuutiyyu ko amiiru Laamateeri Lislaamuyankeeri e Cernoojo Himmuɗo e nder daartol [[Afirik]] Hirnaange. O Laatino geɗal Saydu Taal e Sonnaajo maɓɓe Aadama Siisee (woɓɓe no wi'a Caam). O jibinaa ko hakkunde hitaande 1794 e 1797 to Halwaar, sara Podoor nder leydi [[Senegaal]]. Ko humodunooɗo e ɓee Tooroɓɓe ulamaa’uuɓe. <ref>https://www.britannica.com/biography/Umar-Tal</ref> Dewal timmungal e yankinaare ko yumma makko anndiraa accuno e makko batte tiiɗuɗo. O maakayno: ''“Mi accii Fuuta duhiiɓe buy fotondirɓe e ben am kono mi accaali hen suddiiɗo hewtitotooɗo yumma am.”'' Ko ka maɓɓe ɗon o heɓi needi e baŋŋe diina kan, o janngi ko kelɗi e no kelɗiri. On-tuma o sawri, o yahi Muritaniiyu e Uwalataa ka jaawiyaaji nantuɗi innde e oon saa'i, ɗi qaadiriyankooɓe ɓen huɓɓunoo. Kono ko ɓuri waɗude batte e makko ko hajjoygol ngol Makka e ko o weeroyi kon ka laamateeriiji diinayankooji Tooroɓɓe e Fulɓe e nder ngal laral Sudan. No fellitaa, o yahii Bornu o yiidii ɗon e El-Kanemi, o feƴƴii Misra, o ƴoogi ganndal e baŋŋe karamokooɓe ɓen to duɗal mawngal Al Ashar, ado o hewtude Makka e Madiina , o anndindiri ɗon e lamɗo Hejas on. No tanƴinaa, o weerii duuɓi sappo e ɗiɗi e nder leydi Sokoto ndin (Nayjiiriyaa fewndo hannde). Ko ɗon o wallifii ndee deftere makko ”Suyi’af al-sayd” e baŋŋe Muhammadu Beloo yeɗuɗo mo teddungal e mbarjaari, okki mo kadi sonnaaɓe ɗiɗo ɓii moƴƴuɓe. Goɗɗo on ko geɗaljo on lamɗo. O iwi ɗon o ari Hamdallaay ka Sayku Aamadu lamɗo Maasina. O jaɓɓoraa ɗon kadi teddungal e ɓaawo fantingol. E ndee saare Segu ka Bammbarankooɓe, lamɗo sanamunkeeɓe ɓen jaɓɓor mo ngayngu. Almaami Fuuta Jaloo kañun teddinno mo fota, newnani mo sincugol jaawiya, taalibaaɓe buy iwɓe Fuuta Tooro ko ɓuri kon mbatii mo. Seeɗa–seeɗa himme immanagol fii laamu e silmingol jamaaji jilii ɓernde makko. Hitaande porto 1850, o sinci ndee saare Dinngiraawii (leydi [[Gine]] hannde). Wonani mo “fergu”. Tatawii moolanaangii darnaa ka wona ardorde immannde makko nden. Alahajji Umar no dolnornoo ngol laawol Tijjaaniyaa newinngol dewal ngal, waɗungal uddital, newnanngal taalibaaɓe e jamaa on ɓadondirgol e waliiyu mun heɓa barki makko. Ɗun woni sabu jokkere enɗan kelɗunde, hawtunde haajuuji laamu e diina, heɓude ɓural e nder leyɗe Sudan ɗen. Duhiiɓe e suddiiɓe, sukaaɓe e ñeeñuɓe weltorii neweende ko woni e ngol laawol, ɓe felliti ko ɗon ɓure e polge heɓotoo.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Robinson, David|publisher=Oxford University Press|title=The Holy War of Umar Tal|url=https://archive.org/details/holywarofumartal0000robi|year=1985}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|editor1-last=Robinson |editor1-first=David |editor2-last=Triaud |editor2-first=Jean-Louis |year=1997 |title=Le temps des marabouts Itinéraires et stratégies islamiques en Afrique occidentale française |publisher=Karthala |isbn=978-2-8111-0735-2 |url=https://www.cairn.info/le-temps-des-marabouts--9782811107352.htm |url-access=subscription}}</ref> ==Jihaadi ndin== Alahajji Umaru naati xalwa balɗe cappanɗe nayi. Ɓaawo mun, o yanani ka aranun ɗee leyɗe sanamunkeeje e ɗe lannaa silmude. O henndii ngal laral Bammbuk heewungal kaŋŋe e Karta ka Kulubaliiɓe Masasi; o dahi Ñooro hitaande 1854. O fewti non Hirnaange ka maɓɓe [[Fuuta Tooro]] ka taalibaaɓe makko buy iwrunoo tawti mo. Koneeli makko ɗin no senndanoo waɗaa pecce tati; fecco kala no joginoo calɗi tati kañun kadi. Adadu koneeli ɗin no hewtunoo daditii-dariiɓe guluuji cappanɗe tati. No jeyaa e maɓɓe seppooɓe yooɓiiɓe pinka, e suufaaɓe waɗɗiiɓe pucci yooɓiiɓe labbooji. Kono porto [[Faransi]]’en e Qadiriyankooɓe ɓen woniraano accangol mo. Oo amiiruujo porto no wi’ee Federba nannganiino jooɗagol e leydi ndin, no himmannoo naatangol kadi leyɗe serindiiɗe ɗen Jaalibawol. Federba toɗɗaa wonugol guwerner senegaal hitaande porto 1854; o sinci Ndakaaru hitaande 1857. Taalibaaɓe Alahajji Umar ɓen alaa ngal rewraali fii henndagol ndee saare Madiina. Guuwe maɓɓe ɗen jonnaali ɓe kutu, ɓe hunndi tatawii ngii ɓay feere goo alaa. Ɓe sakkitori saakagol ɓay ndunngii, laaɗe Federba ɗen heɓi no hewtira hen, ukka taalibaaɓe ɓen conndi. O pottii ɗon, o jottoroyi Gemu takko maayo ngon ka woɗɗitii Madiina. O etii naɓidugol e Naareeɓe Muritaniiyu ɓen. Cuucal e ŋanaaku taliibaaɓe ɓen haɗaali Federba heɓude poolgal e dow huutorgol boɓi raw-raw furooji ɗin kure mawɗe. Ko sabu ɗun fow, Alahajji Umaru naɓtiri doole mun ɗen Funnaange. O ahodi e Federba o tertike Senegaal; o hewti Ñooro, laamorde Bammbarankooɓe Karta ɓen, nden o giddani leyɗe Sahel ɗen, o jogii ngal laral mawngal ngal Jaalibawol hunnditi, ley e dow muuɗun, o watti e nder hen e nder laamateeri makko Ñaamina, Sansanding, o sakkitori Segu, caggal nde o heli koneeli Bammbarankooɓe ɗin, o toɗɗii ɗon ɓiɗɗo makko on, Ahmadu laamɗo. Ɓaawo o foolii laamateeriiji sanamunkeeji ɗin, o yaaɓani almamaakuuji juulɓe takkiiɗi Jaalibawol (Maayo [[Niiser]]) ɗin, wano Maasina. Ɓaawo non hujja alaa mo o tuugotoo e mum fii naɓugol konu e [[leydi]] juulɓe wano makko, o lamitori non ko lamɗo Maasina wallitanooki mo fewndo Madiina huuɓaa e ko on wernunoo kon lamɗo Segu, on sanamunkeejo, o maɓi Maasina, o lanci pecer saare laamorde nden Hamdallaahi, guluuji guluuji (ujunaaji) yimɓe sahinɗinaa e nden hare (12 maarasi 1862). Ɓaawo ɗum, o wugganii Tummbuktu, fahin e nden hitaande porto 1862 kono ngun konu ɗon boniri mo sabu mottondiral Tuwareg'en e Safalɓe e [[Fulɓe]] dartino mo riiwti konu makko ngun. ==Timmoode makko== Laamateeriwal ngal junndi mun yoni kiloomeeterji wuluure gila Funnaange naɓi Hirnaange, e hoore tuɗɗe mun catorɗe ɗen ko wa nii Dinngiraawii, Ñooro, Segu e Bannjagara, welaa tabintinde tentinii lurre tiiɗuɗe no funtinoo hen, tawti ɗun hubbuki ki alaa kattudi taalibaaɓe tooroɓɓe ɓen no addaynoo jiiɓoldu mettina ɓerɗe yimɓe leyɗe ɗen. Ɓen duumii e waɗugol gubali haɓa koneeli Alahajji Umar ɗin, e hoore Bammbarankooɓe sanamunkeeɓe haɓɓuɓe hettay leydi baaba mun no renndina giiteeli wallitoo gubalinkeeɓe ɓen. Fahin [[Fulɓe]] [[Maasina]] ɓen jaɓaali yankinanaade laamu Tooroɓɓe ngun, hiɓe faalaa yoɓtaade. Ko ɗum addi Baa Lobbo, denɗiraawo laamɗo maɓɓe Ahmadu mo Tooroɓɓe ɓen waruno e immingol murtaldu Hamdallaahi haa waawi riiwude suufaaɓe Alahajji Umar ɓen. Alahajji Umar etii ɗanningol giteeli huɓɓuɗi e nokkeeli buy e leyɗe makko ɗen kono ronki, tawi kadi nayeewu jilike mo. Ñannde goo himo wanngora mbaɗɗateeri, o fotti e maayde nden, no tuumaa ko e hitaande porto 1864; no gasa hara o luttu e nder fammeere e ɗee pete Bannjagara. No woodi kadi taariikayankeeɓe wi'uɓe wondema ko e nder huɓɓugol conndi finkaari mooɓitaandi Alahajji Umar Taal hawri e caate. Maayde Alahajji Umar nden, e tigi-tigi on, haa hannde ko jiɓi-liɓi. ==Battane laamateeriwal Alahajji Umar ngal== Ahmadu mo Alahajji Umaru heɓaali kutu jokkitagol ko ben mun eɓɓunoo kon, tentinii porto Faransi’en hewtiino ka keeri haa naatii Segu e hitaande 1890. Alaano no Alahajji Umar huɓindora tabintina laamateeriwal mawnirngal non, tawi e hoore ɗun o heɓanaali ɗun saa’iiji yonuɗi. Pellet eɓɓoore makko nden no himmunoo sincugol laamu diinayankoowu ngu doole waawaynoongu sakkagol porto'en taƴa laawol maɓɓe, hiwa leyɗe ɓaleeɓe. Alahajji Umar Fuutiiyu no herornoo ganndal yaajungal, hakkil timmuki e pehinaaku banŋe ɗowoodi e konu ngu ɗuuɗaa nanndo. Haa hannde innde Alahajji Umar no lolli buy e ɗii nokkeeli tati [[Afrik]] Hiirnaange: [[Maali]], [[Gine]], [[Senegal]], himo yimee e gimi ɗuuɗuɗi. Gootol e majji ko "taara" (ɗum firi ko: o yahii e fulfulde) ngol wammbaaɓe (jeliiɓe) Manndinkooɓe yuɓɓannoo mo. Taariika makko on kadi no fillaa e nder qasiidaare nde gooto e yahdiiɓe makko inneteeɗo Muhammadu Aliyyu Caam wallifinoo e Pulaar/fulfulde e binndi ajamiyya. ==Nassiji== *[[Basil Davidson|Davidson, Basil]]. ''Africa in History''. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995. *B. O. Oloruntimeehin. ''The Segu Tukulor Empire''. New York: Humanities Press (1972). SBN 391002066 *Willis, John Ralph. ''In the Path of Allah: The Passion of al-Hajj 'Umar''. London: Cass, 1989. *Wise, Christopher. ''The Desert Shore: Literatures of the Sahel''. Boulder & London: Lynne Rienner, 2001. *Wise, Christopher. ''Yambo Ouologuem: Postcolonial Writer, Islamic Militant''. Boulder & London: Lynne Rienner, 1999. ==Faɗɗitaa== {{Reflist}} [[Catégorie:Taariika]] [[Catégorie:Yimɓe]] [[Catégorie:Naajeeriya]] 8v1vuon322pdds3rsi12qgd3zt7zgyq 0 3789 181034 132803 2026-08-05T01:09:42Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181034 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Laos''' e dow laabi, ko leydi Laos (Lao RDP), ko [[leydi]] tan ndi alaa ko woni e mum so wonaa leydi e nder [[Aasiya]] fuɗnaange-rewo. Heeri ndi ko [[Myanmar]] e [[Ciina|Siin]] to fuɗnaange-rewo, [[Wiyetnam|Wiyetnaam]] to fuɗnaange, [[Kamboodiyya|Kamboodiya]] to fuɗnaange-rewo, e [[Tailannde|Taylande]] to hirnaange e fuɗnaange-rewo. Leydi ndii ina waɗi ko ina tolnoo e miliyoŋaaji jeetati neɗɗo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.na.gov.la/appf17/geography.html|title=About Laos: Geography|website=Asia Pacific Parliamentary Forum|publisher=Government of Laos|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160416191557/http://www.na.gov.la/appf17/geography.html|archive-date=16 April 2016}}</ref> Laamorgo mayri e wuro ɓurngo heewde yimɓe ko Vientiane. Leydi ndii ina heewi nokkuuji koɗli, cuuɗi Buddhist en, ina heen nokku gonɗo e UNESCO, hono Luang Prabang, e mahdi koloñaal Farayse.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Vongvilay|first1=Xayaphone|last2=Shin|first2=Jai-Eok|last3=Kang|first3=Young-Hwan|last4=Kim|first4=E-Doo|last5=Choi|first5=Joong-Hyun|date=2015-05-01|title=The Influence of French Colonial Rule on Lao Architecture with a Focus on Residential Buildings|journal=Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering|volume=14|issue=2|pages=279–286|doi=10.3130/jaabe.14.279|issn=1346-7581|doi-access=free}}</ref> Leydi ndii ina rewi e daartol mum e pinal mum haa e Lan Xang, laamu nguu ina woodi gila e teeminannde 13Yuroopu haa 18Yuroopu.<ref name="Stuart-Fox">{{Cite book|title=The Lao Kingdom of Lan Xang: Rise and Decline|url=https://archive.org/details/laokingdomoflanx0000stua|last=Stuart-Fox|first=Martin|publisher=White Lotus Press|year=1998|isbn=974-8434-33-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/laokingdomoflanx0000stua/page/49 49]}}</ref> Rewrude e nokku mum, laamu nguu wonnoo ko nokku njulaagu dow leydi.<ref name="Stuart-Fox" /> E hitaande 1707, Lan Xang feccii e laamuuji tati: Luang Prabang, Wiyenyan, e Champasak. E hitaande 1893, ɗeen laamlaamuuji kawritaa e les njiimaandi Farayse, tawi ina njeyaa e Indosiin Farayse. Laos wonnoo ko e les njiimaandi Japon e wolde adunaare ɗimmere, heɓi jeytaare mum e hitaande 1945 hade mum hootde e laamu Farayse haa heɓi jeytaare mum e hitaande 1949. Leydi ndii heɓti jeytaare mum timmunde e hitaande 1953, hono Laamu Laos, tawi ko laamu doosgal leydi woni e les njiimaandi Sisavang Vong. Konu hakkunde leyɗeele tuggi 1959 haa 1975 waɗi kominist biyeteeɗo Pathet Lao, ballitooɗo Vietnam worgo e Dental Sowiyet, luulndii konu laamɗo Lao, ballitooɗo Amerik. Hare nde joofi ko e sosde Republique Democratique Populaire Lao e hitaande 1975, dowla demokaraasi yimɓe jokkondirɗo e Dental Sowiyet haa nde fusi e hitaande 1991. Ko ɗum gooto e dowlaaji joy kominist gollotooɗi ɗii, kadi ko kañum tan woni dowla demokaraasi leñol, Laos ina laami ɗum e lannda Rewolison Leñol Lao (LPRP). E nder laamu lannda kaa, pelle ɗe ngonaa laamuyankooje ina keewi siftinde wonde jojjanɗe aadee leydi ndii ina ŋakki, ina ciftora heen bonanndeeji keewɗi ko wayi no torlaaji, keeri ndimaagu siwil e tooñanngeeji leƴƴi pamari.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/asia-and-the-pacific/laos/report-laos/|title=Laos 2017/2018|website=amnesty.org|access-date=23 May 2019|archive-date=8 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308035414/https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/asia-and-the-pacific/laos/report-laos/|url-status=live}}</ref> Siistem politik leydi ndii siforaama no laamu nguu nii, ko Freedom House holliti ɗum.<ref>{{cite web|title=Laos: Freedom in the World 2022 Country Report|url=https://freedomhouse.org/country/laos/freedom-world/2022|website=[[Freedom House]]|access-date=29 March 2025}}</ref> Caɗeele ɗee fof e wonde, Laos wayliima feewde e peeje mbayliigu luumo, ko ɗum huunde maantiniinde e ƴellitaare hesere.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.adb.org/publications/lao-pdr-accelerating-structural-transformation-inclusive-growth|title=Lao PDR: Accelerating Structural Transformation for Inclusive Growth – Country Diagnostic Study|date=2017-11-10|publisher=Asian Development Bank|isbn=978-92-9257-993-7|language=en|doi=10.22617/tcs179052-2}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Bird|first1=Kelly|last2=Hill|first2=Hal|date=June 2010|title=Tiny, Poor, Land-locked, Indebted, but Growing: Lessons for Late Reforming Transition Economies from Laos|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13600811003753776|journal=Oxford Development Studies|language=en|volume=38|issue=2|pages=117–143|doi=10.1080/13600811003753776|hdl=1885/52194|issn=1360-0818|hdl-access=free}}</ref> Feere ƴellitaare leydi Laos ina teeŋtina jokkondiral diiwaanuuji ɗii rewrude e ƴellitaare gollorɗe. Timminoore laawol laana njoorndi Laos–Siin (LCR) e hitaande 2021, jokkondirngol Vientiane e Kunming, ɓeydii njulaagu e turism.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Osaka City University, Japan|last2=Yan|first2=Xuchong|date=2024-09-18|title=A Study on the China-Laos Railway's Economic and Strategic Significance|url=http://www.su-journal.com/index.php/su/article/view/407|journal=Souphanouvong University Journal Multidisciplinary Research and Development|volume=10|issue=1|pages=115–123|doi=10.69692/SUJMRD1001115|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Zhang|first1=Zongshi|last2=Zeng|first2=Wenge|date=2023-12-15|title=What Would Be Necessary to Construct a Rule Framework for Sustainability in the New Western Land–Sea Corridor? An Analysis Based on Green International Rule of Law|journal=Sustainability|language=en|volume=15|issue=24|pages=16888|doi=10.3390/su152416888|doi-access=free|bibcode=2023Sust...1516888Z|issn=2071-1050}}</ref> Leydi ndii ina tawtoree e porogaraam gollondiral faggudu e nder diiwaan Mekong mawɗo, tawi ina teeŋtini eɓɓaaɗe njuɓɓudi hakkunde leyɗeele e eɓɓaaɗe semmbe.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Verbiest|first=Jean-Pierre A.|date=2013|title=Regional Cooperation and Integration in the Mekong Region|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/aepr.12015|journal=Asian Economic Policy Review|language=en|volume=8|issue=1|pages=148–164|doi=10.1111/aepr.12015|issn=1748-3131|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Banke Adunanke anndini Laos wonde jeyaa ko e faggudu ɓurndu yaawde ƴellitaade e Asii Fuɗnaange-rewo e Pasifik, sibu ɓeydagol PIB hitaande kala ina tolnoo e 7,4% gila 2009, tawi ko ɗum addani ɗum ɓeydaade yaajnude turism, njulaagu semmbe, e njulaagu caggal leydi. So tawii Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe limtii ɗum leydi ɓurndi famɗude ƴellitaare, Laos ina jeyaa e ASEAN, e nanondiral njulaagu Asii-Pacifik, e batu Asii fuɗnaange, e La Francophonie, e Fedde Adunaare Filu.<ref name="wto">{{cite web|url=http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/countries_e/lao_e.htm|title=Lao People's Democratic Republic and the WTO|publisher=World Trade Organization|access-date=9 August 2014|archive-date=12 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812135345/http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/countries_e/lao_e.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> == Etimoloji == Konngol Laos ngol ko Farayse naaɓe njiyti ɗum, ɓe kawri laamuuji tati Laos ɗii e nder Indosiin [[Farayse]] e hitaande dubi alif 1893. Innde [[leydi]] ndii ina winndaa no feewi e keewal leñol ɓurngol heewde, hono leñol Lao. E [[ɗemngal]] Engele, "s" e innde leydi ndii ina wiyee ; ɗum deƴƴaani.<ref name="tripsavvy">{{cite web|last1=Rodgers|first1=Greg|date=February 11, 2019|title=How to Say "Laos"|url=https://www.tripsavvy.com/how-to-say-laos-3976795|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303055220/https://www.tripsavvy.com/how-to-say-laos-3976795|archive-date=3 March 2021|access-date=18 March 2020|website=TripSavvy}}</ref> == Limre yimɓe == [[File:Laos-demography.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Laos-demography.png|right|thumb|300x300px|Natal yimɓe leydi Laos, limoore hoɗɓe e miliyoŋaaji hakkunde 1800 e 2021 (Aduna men e nder dokke Data, 2022)]] [[Yimɓe Ekoi|Yimɓe]] leydi Laos e hitaande 2024 ina limtee e kiilometaji 7,953,556 neɗɗo, tawi heen 3 966 320 ko worɓe e 3 987 236 ko rewɓe, e wiyde jaaynde wiyeteende The World Factbook. Ɗum waɗi Laos woni leydi 103ɓiri ɓurndi heewde yimɓe e winndere nde.<ref>{{cite web|title=Laos|date=7 May 2025|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/laos/|accessdate=12 May 2025}}</ref> === Leñol === [[Yimɓe Ekoi|Yimɓe]] Laos ina limtee e peccitagol mum en e tooweeki (leyɗeele leslese, hakkundeeje e leyɗeele toowɗe toowɗe), sibu ɗum ina jokkondiri seeɗa e denndaangal leƴƴi. Ko ɓuri feccere e yimɓe leydi ndii ko leñol Lao—ko ɓuri heewde e hoɗɓe e leyɗeele leslese.<ref name="UN Demographic Yearbooks">{{cite web|url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm#2001|title=UN Demographic Yearbooks|access-date=30 November 2018|archive-date=27 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161227194033/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm#2001|url-status=live}}</ref> Lao en njeyaa ko e fedde ɗemɗe Tai<ref>{{Cite book|last=Diller|first=Anthony|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0lmQAgAAQBAJ&dq=kra=Kadai&pg=PA6|title=The Tai-Kadai Languages|last2=Edmondson|first2=Jerry|last3=Luo|first3=Yongxian|date=2004-11-30|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-79116-2|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410140148/https://books.google.com/books?id=0lmQAgAAQBAJ&dq=kra%3DKadai&pg=PA6|archive-date=10 April 2023}}</ref> fuɗɗiiɓe eggude fuɗnaange gila Siin e ujunere hitaande adannde caggal Iisaa.<ref>[http://www.manusya.journals.chula.ac.th/files/essay/Pittayawat%2047-68.pdf Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2014). Layers of Chinese Loanwords in Proto-Southwestern Tai as Evidence for the Dating of the Spread of Southwestern Tai] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150627063518/http://www.manusya.journals.chula.ac.th/files/essay/Pittayawat%2047-68.pdf|date=27 June 2015}}. ''MANUSYA: Journal of Humanities,'' Special Issue No 20: 47–64.</ref> 10% njeyaa ko e pelle "lowre" goɗɗe, ɗe kam e leñol Lao en mbaɗi Lao Loum (yimɓe leslese).<ref name="UN Demographic Yearbooks" /> E nder koɗli hakkundeeji e fuɗnaange, ko pelle haalooɓe ɗemngal Mon-Khmer, anndiraaɗe Lao Theung walla Laotinaaɓe hakkunde ŋoral ɓuri heewde. Helmere woɗnde ko Khmu, Khamu (Kammu) walla Kha no Lao Loum mbiyata ɗum nii ngam hollirde jeytaare mum e ɗemngal [[Otiris]]. Ko sakkitii koo ina sikkaa ko pejorative, firti ko ‘maccuɗo’. Ko kamɓe ngoni hoɗɓe e leydi Laos worgo. Won e Vietnamnaaɓe, Sinuwaa en Laos<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ocac.gov.tw/english/public/public.asp?selno%3D1163%26no%3D1163%26level%3DB|title=:: Overseas Compatriot Affairs Commission, R.o.c. ::|access-date=23 September 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110104195124/http://www.ocac.gov.tw/english/public/public.asp?selno=1163&no=1163&level=B|archive-date=4 January 2011}}</ref> e Taylandenaaɓe ina keddii, haa teeŋti noon e nder gure, won heen kadi njalti caggal nde keɓi jeytaare e kitaale 1940, won heen ngummii ko to Vietnam, to Hong Kong, walla to Farayse. Lao Theung ina waɗi fotde 30% e yimɓe [[leydi]] ndii.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.omf.org/omf/us/peoples_and_places/people_groups/khmu_of_laos|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109063510/http://www.omf.org/omf/us/peoples_and_places/people_groups/khmu_of_laos|url-status=dead|archive-date=9 November 2007|title=Khmu people of Laos. OMF International|publisher=Omf.org|access-date=23 January 2011}}</ref> Yimɓe koɗli e pine tokoose Laos ko wayi no Hmong, Yao (Mien) (Hmong-Mien), Dao, Shan, e leƴƴi haalooɓe Tibet-Burman ina nguuri e nokkuuji ceertuɗi e Laos ko ina wona duuɓi. Leƴƴi koɗli/koɗki jillondirɗi e ndonu etno/pinal-ɗemngal ina tawee e worgo Laos, tawi ina jeyaa heen leñol Lua e Khmu wonɓe e leydi Laos. E nder renndo, ɓe nganndiraa ko Lao Soung walla Laotinaaɓe toowɓe. Lao Soung ina waɗi fotde 10% e yimɓe leydi ndii.<ref name="britannica">{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/330219/Laos/52500/People?anchor=ref509292|title=Laos – Overview|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=23 January 2011|archive-date=11 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511175031/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/330219/Laos/52500/People?anchor=ref509292|url-status=live}}</ref> === Ɗemɗe === Ɗemngal laamu ko Lao, ɗemngal jeyaangal e galle ɗemɗe Tai-Kadai. Ko ɓuri feccere e yimɓe leydi ndii ina kaala ɗemngal Lao. Heddiiɓe ɓee, haa teeŋti noon e nder gure teeru, ina kaala ɗemɗe leƴƴi pamari. Alkule Lao, ɗe ƴellitii won e sahaaji hakkunde teeminannde 13 ɓiire e 14ɓiire, ummorii ko e binndol Khmer.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.2307/2049433|jstor=2049433|title=Languages and Literatures of Indochina|journal=The Far Eastern Quarterly|volume=6|issue=4|pages=379–389|year=1947|last1=Benedict|first1=Paul K.|s2cid=162902327}}</ref> Ɗemɗe bana Khmu (Astroasiatik) e Hmong (Hmong-Mien) ko yimɓe pamari haaldata, haa teeŋti e nokkuuji hakkundeeji e toowɗi. Ɗemɗe maandeeji Laotian keewɗe ina kuutoree e nokkuuji ɗo muusɓe jibinannde ɓuri heewde.<ref name="britannica2">{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/330219/Laos/52500/People?anchor=ref509292|title=Laos – Overview|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=23 January 2011|archive-date=11 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511175031/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/330219/Laos/52500/People?anchor=ref509292|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Farayse]] ina huutoree e laamu e njulaagu, Laos ina jeyaa e fedde kaaloowo Farayse wiyeteende La Francophonie. Fedde nde limtii e hitaande 2010 wonde ina waɗi 173 800 haaloowo Farayse e nder leydi Laos.<ref>{{cite web|title=Laos|url=https://www.francophonie.org/laos-968|publisher=La Francophonie|access-date=7 February 2021|archive-date=18 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518191146/https://www.francophonie.org/laos-968|url-status=live}}</ref> Engele, ɗemngal Fedde Leyɗeele Asii Fuɗnaange-rewo (ASEAN), ɓeydii janngeede.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/AXL/asie/Laos.htm|title=Languages of Laos|publisher=[[Laval University]]|access-date=9 July 2012|archive-date=27 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121027231143/http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/AXL/asie/Laos.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Dina === [[File:Vat_Nong_Sikhounmuang.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vat_Nong_Sikhounmuang.jpg|right|thumb|Pagoda Wat Nong Sikhounmuang to Luang Prabang]] 66% e Laos en ko Budist en Theravada, 1,5% ko Kerecee’en, 0,1% ko juulɓe, 0,1% ko yahuud en, e 32,3% ko woɗɓe walla aadaaji (ko ɓuri heewde e maɓɓe ko gollotooɓe e Satsana Phi) e hitaande 2010.<ref name="globalReligion">{{cite web|title=Global Religious Landscape; Table: Religious Composition by Country|url=https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2012/12/globalReligion-tables.pdf|website=Pew Research|access-date=16 April 2020|page=47|date=2010|archive-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323215031/http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2012/12/globalReligion-tables.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="cia.gov">{{Citation|title=Laos|date=2025-05-14|work=The World Factbook|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/laos/|access-date=2025-05-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307193820/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/laos/|archive-date=7 March 2021|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|language=en}}</ref> === Jam baandu === Nguurndam gorko e jibinannde mum ko duuɓi 62,6 e debbo ko nder duuɓi 66,7 e hitaande 2017.<ref name="cia.gov2">{{Citation|title=Laos|date=2025-05-14|work=The World Factbook|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/laos/|access-date=2025-05-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307193820/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/laos/|archive-date=7 March 2021|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|language=en}}</ref> Ngeendam celluɗam ko duuɓi 54 ​​e hitaande dubi 2007.<ref name="cia.gov3">{{Citation|title=Laos|date=2025-05-14|work=The World Factbook|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/laos/|access-date=2025-05-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307193820/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/laos/|archive-date=7 March 2021|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|language=en}}</ref> Jawdi laamu ngam cellal ko hedde 4% e PIB,<ref name="cia.gov3" /> hedde 18 dolaar [[Amerik]] (PPP) e hitaande dubi 2006.<ref name="cia.gov3" /> == Tuugnorgal == {{Reflist}}{{Commons|Laos}} {{Aasiya}} [[Catégorie:Leydi]] [[Catégorie:Aasiya]] [[Category:Stub]] tltqo2qmwulk0goqmeprejoim98ci8h 0 3847 181128 139383 2026-08-05T02:44:23Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181128 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Atalantik''' (Baharu Atalantik) woni ɗiɗaɓo ɓurɗo mawnude e nder geec joy winndere ndee, tawi njaajeendi mum ko hedde 85 133 000 km2 (32 870 000 km2).<ref name="Atlantic Ocean – Britannica">{{Cite encyclopedia|title=Atlantic Ocean|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Atlantic-Ocean|access-date=20 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215072935/https://www.britannica.com/place/Atlantic-Ocean|archive-date=15 February 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Ina soomi ko ina tolnoo e 17% e wertallo [[Leydi]] e ko ina tolnoo e 24% e wertallo ndiyam mayri. E jamaanu yiytugol, nde anndiraa ko seerndude Aduna keso [[Aameerik|Amerik]] (Worgo [[Amerik]] e Amerik worgo) e Aduna ɓooyɗo Afro-Eurasia ([[Afirik|Afrik]], [[Asia]], e [[Yuroopu]]).<ref>[[International Hydrographic Organization]], [https://iho.int/uploads/user/pubs/standards/s-23/S-23_Ed3_1953_EN.pdf ''Limits of Oceans and Seas'', 3rd ed. (1953)], pages 4 and 13.</ref> E nder seerndude Afro-Eurasia e Amerik, maayo Atlantik ina joginoo darnde mawnde e nder ƴellitaare renndo aadee, e nder winndere ndee, e nder daartol leƴƴi keewɗi. So tawii ko Norse en ngoni yimɓe adanɓe anndaaɓe taccude Atlantik, ko yahdu Christophe Columbus e hitaande 1492 holliti wonde ko ɗum ɓuri teeŋtude. Jahgol Columbus ngol fuɗɗii ko e jamaanu njiylawu e kolonizaasiyoŋ Amerik e juuɗe leyɗeele Orop, teeŋti noon e Portigaal, Espaañ, Farayse, e Dental [[Dowlaaji Dentuɗi]]. Gila e teeminannde 16ɓiire haa 19ɓiire, maayo Atlantik wonnoo ko nokku njulaagu jiyaaɓe e mbayliigu Kolommbi, sahaa e sahaa fof ina waɗa hareeji laana ndiwoowa. Hono ɗeen hareeji laana ndiwoowa, kam e ɓeydagol njulaagu ummoraade e leyɗeele Amerik diiwaanuuji ɗii hono Amerik e Beresiil, ɗiin ɗiɗi fof ɓeydiima heewde e nder fuɗɗoode teeminannde 20ɓiire, tee alaa hareeji konu mawɗi mbaɗi e nder geec Atlantik e yonta hannde oo,[nde?] geec ina heddii e wonde geɗel gootel njulaagu e nder winndere ndee.<ref name="MangasPlácido1998">{{Cite book|url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=pZBSML97Ya0C|page=283}}|title=La Península Ibérica en los autores griegos: de Homero a Platón – SLG / (Sch. A. R. 1. 211)|last1=Mangas|first1=Julio|last2=Plácido|first2=Domingo|last3=Elícegui|first3=Elvira Gangutia|last4=Rodríguez Somolinos|first4=Helena|publisher=Editorial Complutense|year=1998|pages=283–}}</ref> Maayo [[Atlantis|Atlantik]] ina jogii nokku juutɗo, ina waɗi sifaa S, ina yaaji hakkunde Orop e Afrik to fuɗnaange, e Amerik to bannge hirnaange. Ko ɗum huunde wootere e geec winndereejo jokkondirɗo, ina jokkondiri to bannge worgo e maayo Arktik, e maayo Pasifik to fuɗnaange-rewo, e maayo Inndo to fuɗnaange-rewo, e maayo fuɗnaange to fuɗnaange. Sifaaaji goɗɗi ina cifa Atlantik ina yaaji haa fuɗnaange haa Antarktik. Geec Atlantik feccii ko e pecce ɗiɗi, Atlantik worgo e fuɗnaange, ko Ekuwator.<ref name="Steele1986">{{Cite book|url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=N2fmCwAAQBAJ|page=14}}|title=The English Atlantic, 1675–1740: An Exploration of Communication and Community|last=Steele|first=Ian Kenneth|date=1986|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-503968-9|page=14|language=en}}</ref> == Toponimi == Ko ɓuri ɓooyde e siftorde maayo "Atlantik" ummorii ko e Stesikoro hedde cakkital teeminannde jeegom ko adii jibineede Iisaa (Sch. A. R. 1. 211):<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lexico.com/definition/pond?locale=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514104509/https://www.lexico.com/definition/pond?locale=en|url-status=dead|archive-date=14 May 2021|title=pond|website=Oxford English and Spanish Dictionary, Synonyms, and Spanish to English Translator|access-date=28 September 2021}}</ref> Atlantikôi pelágei (Gerek ɓooyɗo: Ἀτλαντικῷ 'Seγελ e Atlas’) e nder Daartol Herodotus hedde hitaande 450 ko adii jibineede Iisaa (Hdt. 1.202.4): Atlantis thalassa (Gerek ɓooyɗo: Ἀτλαντὶς θάλασσα, ‘Maayo Atlas’ walla ‘maayo Atlantik’ "geec caggal pilli Herakles" ko wiyetee ko e nder geec taarotooɗo leydi ndii fof.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/pond|title=Pond|website=Online Etymology Dictionary|publisher=Douglas Harper|access-date=1 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Historical Notices of Events Occurring Chiefly in the Reign of Charles I|url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924097312114|last=Wellington|first=Nehemiah|date=1 January 1869|publisher=Richard Bentley|location=London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vLYzoGGXl7U|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211122/vLYzoGGXl7U|archive-date=2021-11-22|url-status=live|title=Lost in The Pond|date=8 April 2018|last=Brown, Laurence|publisher=[[YouTube]]|medium=Digital video}}{{cbignore}}</ref> E nder ɗeen kuutorɗe, innde ndee ina hollita Atlas, Titan e nder miijooji Gerek en, ballitooɗo asamaan, caggal ɗuum feeñii e karte yontaaji hakkundeeji, kadi o rokki innde makko e atlasuuji hannde ɗii.<ref name="Steele19862">{{Cite book|url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=N2fmCwAAQBAJ|page=14}}|title=The English Atlantic, 1675–1740: An Exploration of Communication and Community|last=Steele|first=Ian Kenneth|date=1986|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-503968-9|page=14|language=en}}</ref> To bannge goɗɗo oo, e laana ndiwoowa Giriik en adanɓe e nder binndanɗe miijooji Giriik ɓooyɗe ko wayi no Iliad e Odyssey, ndeeɗoo geec kuuɓtodinɗo, ina anndiraa Oceanus, maayo mawngo taarotoongo winndere ndee; e ko feewti e geecuuji udditiiɗi ɗi Gerek en nganndi no feewi: Mediteraane e maayo ɓaleejo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.livescience.com/29533-the-worlds-biggest-oceans-and-seas.html|title=The World's Biggest Oceans and Seas|first=Remy Melina 04|last=June 2010|website=Live Science|date=4 June 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldatlas.com/|title=World Map / World Atlas / Atlas of the World Including Geography Facts and Flags|website=WorldAtlas}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://listofseas.com/|title=List of seas|website=listofseas.com}}</ref> E ko feewti heen, helmere "Atlantik" ndee, e fuɗɗoode, firti ko koɗli Atlas to Maruk e maayo saraaji maayo Gibraltar e daande maayo Afrik hirnaange.<ref name="IHO-1953">{{Harvnb|IHO|1953}}</ref><ref>{{Harvnb|USGS: Mapping Puerto Rico Trench}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fivedeeps.com/home/expedition/atlantic/|title=Atlantic Ocean|website=Five Deeps Expedition|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-01-24}}</ref>. ==Himobe== {{Reflist}} {{Commons|Atlantic Ocean}} [[Catégorie:Baharu]] 0xjt7kmnfozx3i4y2y8aw9rry1734hl 0 4198 181039 158999 2026-08-05T01:16:58Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181039 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Banngladesh''' ko [[leydi]] e nder [[Aasiya]]fuɗnaange. Ko [[leydi]] go’aɓiri ɓurndi heewde [[yimmɓe]] e winndere ndee, e nder leyɗeele ɓurɗe heewde yimmɓe, tawi ko ina tolnoo e 171 miliyoŋ neɗɗo e nder wertallo 148,460 kiloomeeta kaaree (57,320 miil kaaree). Bangladesh ina renndini keeri leydi e Indiya to fuɗnaange, hirnaange, e fuɗnaange, e Myanmar to fuɗnaange-rewo. Ina jogii daande maayo Bengal to bannge worgo mum, ina seerti e Butaan e Nepal ko e laawol Siliguri, e Siin ko e dowla Sikkim to bannge worgo mum. Dakaar, laamorgo e wuro ɓurngo mawnude, woni cakaare politik, kaalis, e pinal ngenndi ndii. Chittagong woni wuro ɗiɗaɓo ɓurngo mawnude e porto ɓurɗo heewde yimɓe e nder leydi ndi. Leydi Bangladesh hannde ndii ko nokku cemmbinɗo laamuuji Buddhist e Hindu keewɗi e nder daartol ɓooyngol. Caggal nde juulɓe keɓi leydi ndii e hitaande 1204, diiwaan oo yi’i laamu Sultanaat e Mughal.<ref>Raychaudhuri, Tapan; Habib, Irfan (eds). ''The Cambridge Economic History of India: Volume 1, c.1200–c.1750''. Cambridge University Press, 1982.</ref> E jamaanu Mughal, haa teeŋti noon e les njiimaandi Bengal Subah, diiwaan oo yalti ko e nokkuuji ɓurɗi alɗude e njulaagu e nder laamu nguu, anndiraaɗo ƴellitaare njulaagu mbaylaandi e ndema. Hare Plassey e hitaande 1757 woni fuɗɗoode laamu koloñaal Angalteer e nder teeminanɗe ɗiɗi garooje ɗee. Caggal feccere leydi Indiya Biritanik e hitaande dubi alif 1947, Fuɗnaange Bengal wonti bannge fuɗnaange e ɓurɗo heewde yimɓe e Dominion [[Pakistaan]] ​​keso oo, caggal ɗuum innde mum wayliima wonti Fuɗnaange [[Pakistan|Pakistaan]]. Caggal ko ina ɓura duuɓi capanɗe ɗiɗi njiimaandi politik e njiyaagu njuɓɓudi ummoraade e laamu Pakistaan ​​hirnaange, Pakistaan ​​fuɗnaange heɓi wolde nder leydi e hitaande 1971 ; haa jooni ina addana ɗum hare ngam heɓde jeytaare. Mukti Bahini, e ballal konu Inndo, waɗii njiimaandi kaɓirɗe ; e dow ballal warngooji, Bangladesh wonti leñol njiimaandi ñalnde 16 desaambar 1971. Caggal jeytaare mum, Sheek Mujibur Rahman ardii leydi ndii haa o waraa e hitaande 1975. Caggal ɗuum, hooreejo leydi ndii rokkaama Ziaur Rahman, mo kanko e hoore makko waraa e hitaande 1980 Huseyn Muhammadu Ershad, mo laamu fooli e nder fitinaaji mawɗi e hitaande 1990. Caggal demokaraasi e hitaande 1991, « hare Begum en » hakkunde Khaleda Zia e Sheek Hasina, siifi politik leydi ndii e nder duuɓi capanɗe tati garooji ɗii. Hasina fooli laamu e nder fitinaaji mawɗi ɗi almudɓe ardii e lewru ut 2024, laamu nguu sosaa, ngu Muhammad Yunus, keɓɗo njeenaari Nobel ardii. Bangladesh ko leydi parlemaa ngootiri tuugiindi e njuɓɓudi Westminster. Ko leydi hakkundeeri ndi faggudu mum woni ɗiɗaɓiri ɓurndi mawnude e Asii fuɗnaange. Bangladesh woni leydi tataɓiri ɓurndi heewde juulɓe e winndere nde, kadi ko leydi joyaɓiri ɓurndi heewde haaleede e ɗemngal neeniwal. Ko kañum jogii konu tataɓo ɓurngu mawnude e nder Asii fuɗnaange, ko kañum ɓuri waawde wallitde e golle jam Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe. Ina waɗi diwanuuji jeetati, diiwanuuji 64, e diiwanuuji 495, ko ɗoon woni ladde mangrove ɓurnde mawnude e winndere ndee. Kono tan, leydi Bangladesh ina jeyaa e leyɗe ɓurɗe heewde mooliiɓe e nder winndere ndee, tee ina jokki e jogaade caɗeele ko wayi no njulaagu nguura, ŋakkeende jojjanɗe aadee, ŋakkeende kisal politik, ŋakkeende nguura, e batte bonɗe ɗe mbayliigu weeyo addanta. Nde ardii laabi ɗiɗi Fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e weeyo, nde jeyaa ko e BIMSTEC, SAARC, OIC e Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe. Mbertudi leydi ndin ko 148.460 km2, jamaa hoɗuɗo e mayri no hewtaynoo fewndo hitaande 2018 yimɓe 161.376.708. Laamorde nden ko Dhaka. == Etimoloji == Etimoloji Banngalade ("leydi Bengali") ina waawi rewrude e fuɗɗoode teeminannde 20th, nde jimɗi njiimaandi Bengali, ko wayi no Aaji Bangladesher Hridoy mo Rabindranath Tagore winndi, e Namo Namo Namo Bangladesh Momo mo Kazi Nazrul Islam winndi, kuutorii helmere ndee e hitaande 1905 e hitaande 1932.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geetabitan.com/lyrics/A/aaji-bangladesher-hridoy.html|title=Notation of song aaji bangladesher hridoy|access-date=10 September 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904011316/http://www.geetabitan.com/lyrics/A/aaji-bangladesher-hridoy.html|archive-date=4 September 2015}}</ref> Puɗɗagol e kitaale 1950, ngenndiyankooɓe Bengali ina kuutoroo helmere ndee e nder seppooji politik to Fuɗnaange Pakistaan. Helmere Bangla ko innde mawnde wonande diiwaan Bengal e ɗemngal Bengali fof. Iwdi helmere Bangla ndee laaɓaani, miijooji ina kollita leñol proto-Dravidian en jamaanu njamndi,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field%28DOCID+bd0014%29|title=Bangladesh: early history, 1000&nbsp;B.C.–A.D. 1202|date=September 1988|website=Bangladesh: A country study|publisher=[[Library of Congress]]|access-date=1 December 2014|quote=Historians believe that Bengal, the area comprising present-day Bangladesh and the Indian state of [[West Bengal]], was settled in about 1000 B.C. by Dravidian-speaking peoples who were later known as the Bang. Their homeland bore various titles that reflected earlier tribal names, such as Vanga, Banga, Bangala, Bangal, and Bengal.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207010051/http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+bd0014%29|url-status=live|archive-date=7 December 2013}}</ref> e Laamu Vanga jamaanu njamndi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Vanga|title=Vanga &#124; ancient kingdom, India|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=24 April 2023|archive-date=30 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160730062030/https://www.britannica.com/place/Vanga|url-status=live}}</ref> Kuutoragol helmere ndee ko adii fof ko lefol Nesari e hitaande 805 caggal Iisaa. Helmere Vangala Desa ndee ina tawee e binndanɗe Inndo fuɗnaange teeminannde 11th.<ref>{{cite book|last=Keay|first=John|author-link=John Keay|year=2000|title=India: A History|url=https://archive.org/details/indiahistory00keay|publisher=[[Atlantic Monthly Press]]|page=[https://archive.org/details/indiahistory00keay/page/n259 220]|isbn=978-0-87113-800-2|quote=In C1020 ... launched Rajendra's great northern escapade ... peoples he defeated have been tentatively identified ... 'Vangala-desa where the rain water never stopped' sounds like a fair description of Bengal in the monsoon.}}</ref><ref name="Sen-1999">{{cite book|last=Sen|first=Sailendra Nath|year=1999|orig-year=First published 1988|title=Ancient Indian History and Civilization|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wk4_ICH_g1EC&pg=PA281|publisher=[[New Age International]]|page=281|isbn=978-81-224-1198-0|access-date=25 July 2023|archive-date=16 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116111745/https://books.google.com/books?id=Wk4_ICH_g1EC&pg=PA281|url-status=live}}</ref> Helmere nde heɓi darnde laamu e jamaanu Sultanaat Bengal e teeminannde 14th.<ref name="Ahmed2004">{{cite book|last=Ahmed|first=Salahuddin|date=2004|title=Bangladesh: Past and Present|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Szfqq7ruqWgC&pg=PA23|publisher=APH Publishing|page=23|isbn=978-81-7648-469-5|access-date=14 May 2016|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206161602/https://books.google.com/books?id=Szfqq7ruqWgC&pg=PA23|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>"But the most important development of this period was that the country for the first time received a name, ie Bangalah." [https://web.archive.org/web/20150723091245/http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Islam,_Bengal Banglapedia: Islam, Bengal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150723091245/http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Islam,_Bengal|date=23 July 2015}}</ref> Shamsudin Ilyas Shah hollitii hoore mum ko "Shah Bangala" gadano e hitaande 1342.<ref name="Sen-1999" /> Konngol Bangāl wonti innde ɓurnde heewde e diiwaan oo e jamaanu lislaam.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Sircar|first=D.C.|author-link=Dineshchandra Sircar|year=1971|orig-year=First published 1960|title=Studies in the Geography of Ancient and Medieval India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AqKw1Mn8WcwC|edition=2nd|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|page=135|isbn=978-81-208-0690-0|access-date=19 April 2016|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206161603/https://books.google.com/books?id=AqKw1Mn8WcwC|url-status=live}}</ref> Daartol Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubaarak mo teeminannde 16th siftinii e nder deftere mum Ain-i-Akbari wonde ɓeydugol suffix "al" ummorii ko e wonde rajah en ɓooyɓe leydi ndii ina ƴetta tufɗe leydi e nder nokkuuji lesɗi to les tule ceene ɗe mbiyaten "al". Ɗumɗoo ina haalee kadi e nder deftere Gulam Huseyn Salim nde o winndi.<ref>Land of Two Rivers, [[Nitish Sengupta]]</ref> == Limre yimɓe == Bangladesh ina joginoo 169,8 miliyoŋ neɗɗo e binnditagol 2022, ɗum ɓeydiima haa 171,4 miliyoŋ e hitaande 2023. Ko leydi go’aɓiri ɓurndi heewde yimɓe e winndere nde, leydi joyaɓiri ɓurndi heewde yimɓe e nder Aasi, e leydi mawndi ɓurndi heewde yimɓe e winndere nde, tawi ko 1 265 neɗɗo/km2 e hitaande 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.POP.DNST?locations=BD|title=Population density (people per sq. km of land area) – Bangladesh|work=[[World Bank]]|access-date=4 October 2022}}</ref> Hakindo jibinannde (TFR) e nder leydi Bangladesh, nde wonnoo ko e ɓurɗe toowde e winndere ndee, ina famɗi no feewi, gila e 5,5 e hitaande 1985 haa 3,7 e hitaande 1995, haa 1,9 e hitaande 2022,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.TFRT.IN?locations=BD|title=Fertility rate, total (births per woman) – Bangladesh|work=[[World Bank]]|access-date=4 October 2022}}</ref> ko les jibinannde lomtinande 2,1.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Bora|first1=Jayanta Kumar|last2=Saikia|first2=Nandita|last3=Kebede|first3=Endale Birhanu|last4=Lutz|first4=Wolfgang|title=Revisiting the causes of fertility decline in Bangladesh: the relative importance of female education and family planning programs|date=21 January 2022|journal=[[Asian Population Studies]]|volume=19|publisher=[[Routledge]]|doi=10.1080/17441730.2022.2028253|pages=81–104|s2cid=246183181|doi-access=free}}</ref> Ko ɓuri heewde e yimɓe leydi ndii ina nguuri e gure teeru, tawi ko 40% tan nguuri e nder gure teeru haa hitaande 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS?locations=BD|title=Urban population (% of total population) – Bangladesh|work=[[World Bank]]|access-date=4 October 2022}}</ref> Bangladesh ina jogii duuɓi hakkundeeji ko ina tolnoo e duuɓi 28, tawi 26% e yimɓe leydi ndii ina njogii duuɓi 14 walla ko ɓuri ɗum,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.0014.TO.ZS?locations=BD|title=Population ages 0–14 (% of total population) – Bangladesh|work=[[World Bank]]|access-date=4 October 2022}}</ref> e 6% tan ina njogii duuɓi 65 e ko ɓuri ɗum e hitaande 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS?locations=BD|title=Population ages 65 and above (% of total population) – Bangladesh|work=[[World Bank]]|access-date=4 October 2022}}</ref> Bangladesh ko renndo ngootaagu e leƴƴi e pinal, sibu Bengali en ina mbaɗi 99% e yimɓe leydi ndii. Yimɓe Adivasi en ina mbaɗi Chakma en, Marma en, Santhal en, Mros en, Tanchangya en, Bawm en, Tripuri en, Khasi en, Kumi en, Kuki en, Garos en, e Bisnupriya en Manipur en. Diiwaan Chittagong Hill Tracts heɓi jiiɓru e fitinaaji tuggi 1975 haa 1997 e nder dille ndimaagu yimɓe mum. Hay so tawii nanondiral jam siynaama e hitaande 1997, diiwaan oo ina heddii e militeer en.<ref name="rashiduzzaman">{{cite journal|last=Rashiduzzaman|first=M|year=1998|title=Bangladesh's Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord: Institutional Features and Strategic Concerns|journal=Asian Survey|volume=38|issue=7|pages=653–70|doi=10.2307/2645754|jstor=2645754}}</ref> Pakistaannaaɓe haalooɓe ɗemngal Urdu, ɓe ngoni ko e ɓiyleydaagu, ɓe ndokkaama ɓiyleydaagu e hitaande 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.unhcr.org/news/stories/how-bangladesh-court-ruling-changed-lives-more-300000-stateless-people|title=How a Bangladesh court ruling changed the lives of more than 300,000 stateless people|last1=Shadman|first1=Onchita|last2=Schönbauer|first2=Roland|date=23 February 2015|access-date=27 January 2025}}</ref> Bangladesh kadi ina jaɓɓoo ko ina tolnoo e 700,000 mooliiɗo Rohingya gila 2017, ɗum noon ina jeyaa e leyɗeele ɓurɗe heewde mooliiɓe e nder winndere nde.<ref name="RohingyaHRW">{{cite web|url=https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/08/05/bangladesh-not-my-country/plight-rohingya-refugees-myanmar|title=Bangladesh Is Not My Country|publisher=[[Human Rights Watch]]|date=5 August 2018|access-date=27 September 2022|archive-date=27 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927102348/https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/08/05/bangladesh-not-my-country/plight-rohingya-refugees-myanmar|url-status=live}}</ref> === Wolde === [[File:Shaheed_Minar,_Dhaka,_Bangladesh.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shaheed_Minar,_Dhaka,_Bangladesh.jpg|thumb|Shaheed Minar, woni monimaaji ngenndiiji to Dakaar, sosaaɗi ngam siftorde martabaaji dillere ɗemngal Bengali e hitaande 1952, ko maande ngenndiyaŋkaagal Bengali.]] Ɗemngal laawɗungal e ɓurngal heewde e leydi Bangladesh ko ɗemngal Bengali, ngal ko ɓuri 99% e yimɓe leydi ndii kaalata ko ɗemngal mum en neeniwal.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Population and Housing Census 2022: Report on Socio-Economic and Demographic Survey 2023|url=http://nsds.bbs.gov.bd/storage/files/1/SEDS_2023_Report.pdf|date=June 2024|publisher=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics|page=xx|isbn=978-984-35-2977-0|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609144133/http://nsds.bbs.gov.bd/storage/files/1/SEDS_2023_Report.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="LOG">{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Rahim|first1=Enayetur|editor1-last=Heitzman|editor1-first=James|editor2-last=Worden|editor2-first=Robert L.|title=Ethnicity and Linguistic Diversity|encyclopedia=Bangladesh: a country study|year=1989|access-date=24 September 2022|url=http://countrystudies.us/bangladesh/29.htm|publisher=[[Federal Research Division]], [[Library of Congress]]|page=59|oclc=49223313}}</ref> Bengali ina siforee no jokkondire ɗemɗe ɗo ɗemɗe ceertuɗe kaaleteeɗe e nder leydi ndii fof. Won diglossia ɗo ko ɓuri heewde e yimɓe mbaawi faamde walla haalde e ɗemngal Bengali Standard Colloquial, e ɗemngal mum en diiwaan walla ɗemngal mum en.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/supplements/amar-ekushey-2018/amago-bhasha-1537534|title=Amago Basha|last=Khan|first=Sameer Ud Dowla|date=21 February 2018|access-date=24 September 2022|work=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]]}}</ref> Ina jeyaa e ɗeen ɗemɗe Chittagonian kaaleteeɗe e diiwaan fuɗnaange-rewo Chittagong,<ref>{{Cite book|last=Masica|first=Colin|author-link=Colin Masica|year=1991|title=The Indo-Aryan Languages|url=https://archive.org/details/indoaryanlanguag0000masi|place=Cambridge|publisher=Cambridge University Press|page=[https://archive.org/details/indoaryanlanguag0000masi/page/16 16]}} "The dialect of Chittagong, in southeast Bangladesh, is different enough to be considered a separate language."</ref> Noakhali kaaleteeɗo e diiwaan fuɗnaange-rewo Noakhali<ref>{{citation|author=Sarwar, Fatina|title=Noakhali Dialect: Its Prospect of Standardization}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Rashel|first=Md. Mostafa|title=Phonological Analysis of Chatkhil Dialect in Noakhali District, Bangladesh|journal=Theory and Practice in Language Studies|volume=1|issue=9|date=September 2011|pages=1051–1061|doi=10.4304/tpls.1.9.1051-1061|url=http://www.academypublication.com/issues/past/tpls/vol01/09/09.html/|archive-date=15 June 2022|access-date=6 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220615203456/http://www.academypublication.com/issues/past/tpls/vol01/09/09.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> e Sylheti kaaleteeɗo e diiwaan fuɗnaange-rewo Sylhet.<ref name="LOG2">{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Rahim|first1=Enayetur|editor1-last=Heitzman|editor1-first=James|editor2-last=Worden|editor2-first=Robert L.|title=Ethnicity and Linguistic Diversity|encyclopedia=Bangladesh: a country study|year=1989|access-date=24 September 2022|url=http://countrystudies.us/bangladesh/29.htm|publisher=[[Federal Research Division]], [[Library of Congress]]|page=59|oclc=49223313}}</ref> Engele ina jogii darnde mawnde e nder geɗe ñaawoore e jaŋde leydi Bangladesh, sabu daartol leydi ndii e nder laamu Biritaan. Nde haalaama no feewi, nde faamee, nde janngetee ko e nder duɗe jaaɓi-haaɗtirde, e nder duɗe jaaɓi-haaɗtirde e nder duɗe jaaɓi-haaɗtirde, tawa kadi ko e nder duɗe jaaɓi-haaɗtirde ɗemngal Inngila ina heewi tawtoreede.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Rahman|first1=Mohammad Mosiur|last2=Islam|first2=Mohammad Shaiful|last3=Karim|first3=Abdul|last4=Chowdhury|first4=Takad Ahmed|last5=Rahman|first5=Muhammad Mushfiqur|last6=Ibna Seraj|first6=Prodhan Mahbub|last7=Mehar Singh|first7=Manjet Kaur|title=English language teaching in Bangladesh today: Issues, outcomes, and implications|date=5 June 2019|journal=Language Testing in Asia|volume=9|number=9|doi=10.1186/s40468-019-0085-8|s2cid=189801612|doi-access=free}}</ref> Ɗemɗe leƴƴi, hay so ina ɓeydoo ustaade, ina jeyaa heen ɗemngal Chakma, ɗemngal goɗngal gonngal e Fuɗnaange Indo-Aryan, ngal leñol Chakma en kaalata.<ref>{{cite web|last=Chakma|first=Sujana|title=Chakma language : survival from being extinct in Bangladesh|publisher=BRAC University|url=https://dspace.bracu.ac.bd/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10361/3983/09203017.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=|date=11 December 2014|access-date=6 January 2025}}</ref> Woɗɓe ɓee ko Garo en, Meitey en, Kokborok e Rakhiin en. E nder ɗemɗe Otiris, ɓurɗe haaleede ko ɗemngal Santali, jibinannde leñol Santal.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Seung|first1=Kim|last2=Kim|first2=Amy|title=The Santali cluster in Bangladesh: a sociolinguistic survey|year=2010|url=https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/85/39/32/85393268857150358467007206894440229270/silesr2010_006.pdf|issue=2010–006|publisher=[[SIL International]]|series=Survey Report|access-date=24 September 2022}}</ref> Pakistaannaaɓe jolnooɓe e won e taƴe Dakaanaaɓe ɓooyɓe ina keewi huutoraade ɗemngal Urdu ngam wonde ɗemngal mum en neeniwal. Haa jooni, kuutoragol ɗiɗaɓol ngol ina heddii e ñaaweede no feewi.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ashrafi|first=Shah Tazria|title=How the Urdu language and literature slipped into darkness in Bangladesh|url=https://www.trtworld.com/opinion/how-the-urdu-language-and-literature-slipped-into-darkness-in-bangladesh-43391|work=[[TRT World]]|date=19 January 2021|type=Opinion|access-date=24 September 2022}}</ref> === Dina === Lislaam woni diina leydi Bangladesh.<ref name="state religion">{{cite web|title=The Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (part I)|url=http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/act-367/section-24549.html|url-status=|access-date=12 January 2025|website=Laws of Bangladesh}}</ref> Kono kadi doosgal leydi ndii ina jokki e ƴellitde diineeji ɗii fof, ina ɗaɓɓi kadi potal hakkeeji diineeji ɗii. Kala ɓiɗɗo leydi ina jogii ndimaagu rewde kala diine. Lislaam woni diina ɓurɗo mawnude e nder leydi ndii, ina rewi heen fotde 91.1% e yimɓe leydi ndii. Ko ɓuri heewde e ɓiɓɓe leydi Bangladesh ko juulɓe Bengali, jokkuɓe e lislaam sunnit en.<ref name="state">{{cite web|url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-report-on-international-religious-freedom/bangladesh/|title=2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bangladesh|work=[[United States Department of State]]|access-date=8 January 2025}}</ref> Leydi ndi'i woni lesdi tataɓiri ɓurdundi ɗuuɗugo julɓe nder duuniyaaru, nden boo woni lesdi nayaɓiri ɓurdundi ɗuuɗugo juulɓe nder duuniyaaru fuu.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://features.pewforum.org/muslim-population/?sort=Pop2010|title=Muslim Population by Country|publisher=Pew Research|date=27 January 2011|access-date=23 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726201620/http://features.pewforum.org/muslim-population/?sort=Pop2010|archive-date=26 July 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> Hinndu'en Bengali'en woni diina ɗiɗaɓo nder lesdi ndi'i, nden boo kamɓe ngoni tataɓere ɓurdunde mawnugo nder ummaatoore Hindu'en nder duuniyaaru. E binnditagol 2022, Hinndu en ina mbaɗi 7,95% e yimɓe leydi ndii fof.<ref name="state2">{{cite web|url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-report-on-international-religious-freedom/bangladesh/|title=2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bangladesh|work=[[United States Department of State]]|access-date=8 January 2025}}</ref> E binnditagol 2011, Hinndu en ina mbaɗi 8,54% e yimɓe leydi ndii. Buddhist woni diina tataɓo ɓurɗo reweede, ko 0,6% tan e yimɓe leydi ndii njokki ɗum. Buddhist en Bangladesh ina keewi e nder leƴƴi leƴƴi e nder nokkuuji tufɗe Chittagong e nder Buddhist en Bengali en seeɗa e nder Chittagong, ɓe ɓuri heewde ko tokkude duɗal Theravada.<ref name="state3">{{cite web|url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-report-on-international-religious-freedom/bangladesh/|title=2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bangladesh|work=[[United States Department of State]]|access-date=8 January 2025}}</ref> Kerecee’en woni diinaaji nayaɓi ɓurɗi mawnude e 0,3%, rewi heen ko ɓuri heewde ko Kerecee’en seeɗa Bengali. 0,1% e yimɓe leydi ndii ina kuutoroo diineeji goɗɗi ko wayi no Animism walla ko diineeji ɗi ngalaa.<ref name="state4">{{cite web|url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-report-on-international-religious-freedom/bangladesh/|title=2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bangladesh|work=[[United States Department of State]]|access-date=8 January 2025}}</ref> == Dina == === Ñalɗi e juuldeeji === Koolol aadaaji ina jeyaa heen Pahela Baishakh (hitaande hesere Bengali), woni koolol mawngol pinal Bengali; e juuldeeji jaajɗi.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/shout/news/the-universal-appeal-pahela-baishakh-2077693|title=The Universal Appeal of Pahela Baishakh|work=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]]|date=14 April 2021|access-date=16 January 2025|last=Islam|first=Hiya}}</ref> Pohela Falgun hawri ko e ñalngu <nowiki>''</nowiki>Valentine<nowiki>''</nowiki>, ina mawninee e kollirgol jimɗi, jimɗi e golle pinal goɗɗe.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/dhaka/373684/du-celebrates-pohela-falgun-with-spring-festival|title=DU celebrates Pohela Falgun with spring festival|work=[[Dhaka Tribune]]|date=14 February 2025|access-date=15 February 2025}}</ref> Juuldeeji goɗɗi ina mbaɗi Nabonno e Poush Parbon, ɗi mawninta kosam kesam e nder gese.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/dhaka/373684/du-celebrates-pohela-falgun-with-spring-festival|title=DU celebrates Pohela Falgun with spring festival|work=[[Dhaka Tribune]]|date=14 February 2025|access-date=15 February 2025}}</ref> Shakrain ko mawningol hitaande kala, ngol waɗata ko e lewru ɓuuɓndu, waɗata ko e darorɗe lewru Poush, lewru nayaɓuru e limlebbi Bengali. Koolol ngol hawri ko e Makar Sankranti mawninaaɗo to leydi Indiya e leydi Nepal.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-170574|title=Shakrain festival|work=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]]|date=19 January 2011|access-date=16 January 2025}}</ref> [[File:Jatiyo_Sritisoudho.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Jatiyo_Sritisoudho.jpg|thumb|Mawningol ñalngu nafoore to nokku ciftorgol martiriiji ngenndiiji]] E nder juuldeeji diina, juuldeeji ɗiɗi ɓurɗi mawnude e juulɓe ko ɓuri heewde ko juulde Iid al-Fitr, ko juulde lewru Ramadaan—e Iid al-Adha, ko juulde kirse.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/7/31/what-is-eid-al-adha-and-how-is-it-celebrated|title=What is Eid al-Adha and how is it celebrated?|work=[[Al Jazeera]]|date=31 July 2020|access-date=16 January 2025}}</ref> Iiduuji ɗii fof ina mawninee e ñalɗi ɓurɗi juutde e ñalɗi ngenndiiji.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/governance/news/five-day-eid-vacation-two-day-holiday-durga-puja-3729086|title=Five-day Eid vacation, two-day holiday for Durga puja|work=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]]|date=17 October 2024|access-date=16 January 2025}}</ref> Juulde juulɓe woɗnde ina jeyaa heen Mawlid (juulde juulde),<ref>{{cite news|last=Zamir|first=Muhammad|title=Various dimensions of Mawlid or Milad-un-nabi|url=https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/views/various-dimensions-of-mawlid-or-milad-un-nabi|access-date=15 January 2025|work=[[The Financial Express (Bangladesh)|The Financial Express]]|date=15 September 2024}}</ref> Aasura ñalnde sappo lewru Muharram,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/ashura-being-observed-bangladesh-673434|title=Ashura being observed in Bangladesh|work=[[The Business Standard]]|date=29 July 2023|access-date=16 January 2025}}</ref> Chaand Raat,<ref>{{cite news|title=A reminiscent tour of Chaand Raat through the decades|url=https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/lifestyle/culture/a-reminiscent-tour-of-chaand-raat-through-the-decades|access-date=15 January 2025|work=[[The Financial Express (Bangladesh)|The Financial Express]]|date=10 April 2024}}</ref> e Shab-e-Barat.<ref>{{cite news|title=Shab-e-Barat to be observed on March 29|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2021/03/14/shab-e-barat-to-be-observed-on-march-29|access-date=15 January 2025|work=[[Dhaka Tribune]]|date=14 March 2021}}</ref> Juulde Hindu ɓurnde mawnineede ko Durga Puja.<ref>{{cite web|last=Zand|first=Sahar|url=https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20241008-bangladeshs-devoted-idol-creators|title=The 'god makers': Bangladesh's devoted idol creators|work=[[BBC News]]|publisher=[[BBC]]|date=9 October 2024|access-date=16 January 2025}}</ref> Juuldeeji Hindu mawɗi goɗɗi ina jeyaa heen juulde Kirishna Janmashtami e Ratha Yatra.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/dxpkrv51ga|title=Janmashtami today|work=[[Prothom Alo]]|date=26 August 2024|access-date=16 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Ratha Yatra festival begins across Bangladesh|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/351359/ratha-yatra-festival-begins-across-bangladesh|access-date=15 January 2025|work=[[Dhaka Tribune]]|date=7 July 2024}}</ref> Juulde ɓurnde mawnude e nder leydi ndi fof ko Buddha Purnima, ko juulde jibineede Buddha Gautama.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/buddha-purnima-today-3615671|title=Buddha Purnima today|work=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]]|date=22 May 2024|access-date=16 January 2025}}</ref> E nder Kerecee’en, ko Natal ɓuri mawnineede.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Islam|first1=Tousef|last2=Gomez|first2=Rexy Jason|url=https://www.tbsnews.net/features/christmas-bangladesh-transposing-jingle-bells-memories-764026|title=Buddha Purnima today|work=[[The Business Standard]]|date=25 December 2023|access-date=16 January 2025}}</ref> Juuldeeji ngenndiiji yiɗɓe leydi ina njeyaa heen ñalngu dille ɗemɗe, ñalngu nguu ina mawninee ñalnde 21 Febraayru ngam siftorde martabaaji dille ɗemɗe Bengali e hitaande 1952.<ref>{{cite web|last=Rahman|first=Mohammad Afzalur|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/supplements/amar-ekushe-2024/news/how-ekushey-was-commemorated-during-the-pakistan-period-3549101|title=How Ekushey was commemorated during the Pakistan period|work=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]]|date=21 February 2024|access-date=16 January 2025}}</ref> Nde UNESCO bayyini ɗum ñalngu ɗemngal neeniwal hakkunde leyɗeele e hitaande 1999.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.unesco.org/en/days/mother-language|title=International Mother Language Day|publisher=[[UNESCO]]|access-date=15 January 2025}}</ref> Ñalngu jeytaare ina mawninee ñalnde 26 marse ngam siftorde bayyinaango jeytaare leydi Pakistaan.<ref name="star2">{{cite web|date=26 March 2024|last=Rafa|first=Amrin Tasnim|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/rising-stars/news/the-significance-bangladeshs-independence-day-and-victory-day-3575421|title=The significance of Bangladesh's Independence Day and Victory Day|publisher=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]]|access-date=15 January 2025}}</ref> Ñalngu nasaraaku ina mawninee ñalnde 16 lewru Augost ngam mawninde nasaraaku e wolde ndimaagu leydi Bangladesh.<ref name="star2" /> Moɓondiral jamaa ina teskaa e Shaheed Minar e Memorial Martyrs National e nder juuldeeji tati cakkitiiɗi ɗii ngam teddinde martiriiji maayɓe.<ref>{{cite news|title=Nation set to pay homage to language martyrs tomorrow|url=https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/nation-set-pay-homage-language-martyrs-tomorrow-795818|access-date=15 January 2025|work=[[The Financial Express (Bangladesh)|The Financial Express]]|date=20 February 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=National Martyrs' Memorial ready for Independence Day observance|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/307542/national-martyrs-memorial-ready-for-independence|access-date=15 January 2025|work=[[Dhaka Tribune]]|date=25 March 2023|last=Sabbir|first=Ariful Islam}}</ref> == Himobe == {{Reflist}}{{Aasiya}} [[Catégorie:Leydi]] [[Catégorie:Aasiya]] [[Category:Stub]] 2g148tjriijg3xxgfuullypviemgvib 0 4213 181100 98601 2026-08-05T02:16:30Z Icodense 4632 corr. 181100 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Naajeeriya]] jocujiuqs6sudjx60im4untedugq10f 0 4309 181122 111447 2026-08-05T02:36:52Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181122 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chicago''' woni wuro ɓurngo heewde yimɓe e nder diiwaan Illinois Amerik e nder hirnaange hakkundeejo Amerik. E nder yimɓe 2 746 388, e binnditagol 2020,<ref name="QuickFacts">{{cite web|title=QuickFacts: Chicago city, Illinois|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/chicagocityillinois/POP010220|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 19, 2021|archive-date=October 7, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211007170437/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/chicagocityillinois/POP010220|url-status=live}}</ref> ko wuro tataɓo ɓurngo heewde yimɓe e nder leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik caggal wuro New York e Los Angeles. Ko ɗum woni jooɗorde Cook County, diiwaan ɗiɗaɓo ɓurɗo heewde yimɓe e nder U.S., Chicago woni caka wuro mawngo Chicago, heewi innireede e ɗemngal yimɓe "Chicagoland" e galle hoɗɓe miliyoŋaaji 9.6. Chicago woni ko e daande maayo Michigan, naatnaa e wuro e hitaande 1837 sara portage hakkunde maayo mawngo e ɓuuɓri maayo Mississippi. Nde mawni no feewi e cakkital teeminannde 19ɓiire.<ref>{{harvc|in3=Reiff|in2=Keating|in1=Grossman|c=Metropolitan Growth|url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/821.html|access-date=December 5, 2013|last=Keating|first=Ann Durkin|year=2004}}</ref><ref name="chicagohistory-demography">{{cite web|title=Demography: Chicago as a Modern World City|url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/962.html|access-date=March 4, 2022|publisher=Encyclopedia of Chicago|archive-date=October 12, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221012204646/https://encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/962.html|url-status=live}}</ref> E hitaande 1871, yiite mawnde Chicago yani e kilooji keewɗi, acci ko ina tolnoo e 100 000 neɗɗo ngalaa galleeji,<ref name="chicagohistory-demography2">{{cite web|title=Demography: Chicago as a Modern World City|url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/962.html|access-date=March 4, 2022|publisher=Encyclopedia of Chicago|archive-date=October 12, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221012204646/https://encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/962.html|url-status=live}}</ref> kono yimɓe Chicago ina njokki ɓeydaade.<ref name="chicagohistory-demography" /> Chicago waɗii darnde mawnde e peewnugol wuro e mahngo, ko wayi no Duɗal Chicago, ƴellitaare dille City Beautiful, e suudu mawndu ndu njamndi mboɗeeri.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Skyscrapers|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Chicago|url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/1149.html|access-date=June 24, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Glancey|first1=Jonathan|date=October 5, 2015|title=The city that changed architecture forever|url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150930-chicago-birthplace-of-the-skyscraper|access-date=April 30, 2018|work=BBC News|archive-date=May 11, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200511131812/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150930-chicago-birthplace-of-the-skyscraper|url-status=live}}</ref> Chicago ko nokku winndereyankeewo ngam kaalis, pinal, njulaagu, gollorɗe, jaŋde, karallaagal, jokkondiral, e yah-ngartaa. Ina jogii luumo ɓurngo mawnude e ɓurngo heewde e nder winndere nde, ina soomi 20% e denndaangal njuuteendi marsandiis e futures kaalis tan.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|title=Economy|url=http://www.worldbusinesschicago.com/economy/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170212224011/http://www.worldbusinesschicago.com/economy/|archive-date=February 12, 2017|access-date=May 3, 2018|website=World Business Chicago}}</ref> Aeroport O'Hare International ina heewi limteede e nder aeroportuuji sappo ɓurɗi heewde yimɓe e winndere nde to bannge njulaagu,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aci.aero/data-centre/annual-traffic-data/passengers/2017-passenger-summary-annual-traffic-data/|title=2017 Passenger Summary – Annual Traffic Data|website=ACI World|access-date=November 16, 2019|archive-date=May 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200529042253/https://aci.aero/data-centre/annual-traffic-data/passengers/2017-passenger-summary-annual-traffic-data/|url-status=dead}}</ref> kadi diiwaan oo ko nokku ɗo laana njoorndi leydi ndii woni ɗoo.<ref name="arodriguez">{{cite news|title=Chicago takes on the world|work=Chicago Tribune|date=January 26, 2014|author=Rodriguez, Alex|at=Sec. 1 p. 15}}</ref> Nokku Chicago ina jeyaa e nokkuuji ɓurɗi heewde ngalu e nder leydi (PIB) e kala diiwaan wuro e nder winndere nde, ina waɗi 689 miliyaar dolaar e hitaande 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://apps.bea.gov/itable/iTable.cfm?ReqID=70&step=1|title=CAGDP2 Gross domestic product (GDP) by county and metropolitan area|date=December 12, 2019|access-date=December 15, 2019|publisher=Bureau of Economic Analysis|archive-date=October 23, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181023080037/https://apps.bea.gov/itable/iTable.cfm?ReqID=70&step=1|url-status=live}}</ref> Faggudu Chicago ina heewi, hay gollordu wooturu ina gollina ko ɓuri 14% e gollotooɓe.<ref name=":0" /> Chicago ko nokku mawɗo ngam turism, ina waɗi 55 miliyoŋ njillu e hitaande 2024 e nder duɗe mum pinal, e beeli maayo Michigan, e restoraaji, e ko nanndi heen.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Mercado|first1=Melody|title=Tourism In Chicago Bounced Back In 2024 With 55 Million Visitors, $20 Billion In Spending|url=https://blockclubchicago.org/2025/05/19/tourism-in-chicago-bounced-back-in-2024-with-55-million-visitors-20-billion-in-spending/|access-date=19 May 2025|work=Block Club Chicago|date=19 May 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Chicago saw a boost in tourism last year. Will the pope be a blessing in 2025?|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/2025/05/15/chicago-tourism-55-million-visitors/|access-date=19 May 2025|work=Chicago Tribune|date=15 May 2025}}</ref> Pinal Chicago waɗii ko heewi e naalankaagal yiyteende, binndol, filmo, pijirlooji, komedi (haa teeŋti e komedi improvisation), nguura, jimɗi, e jimɗi (haa teeŋti e jazz, blues, soul, hip-hop, gospel,<ref>{{cite book|title=A City Called Heaven: Chicago and the Birth of Gospel Music|url=https://archive.org/details/citycalledheaven0000maro|publisher=University of Illinois Press|author=Marovich, Robert M.|year=2015|location=Urbana, IL|page=[https://archive.org/details/citycalledheaven0000maro/page/7 7]|isbn=978-0-252-08069-2}}</ref> e jimɗi jimɗi elektoronik, ina heen jimɗi galleeji). Chicago ko galle Orkestra Simfoni Chicago e Opera Lirik Chicago, tawi Duɗal Naalankaagal Chicago ina rokka musium naalankaagal yiyteende e duɗal naalankaagal baawngal wonde. Nokku Chicago ina jaɓɓoo kadi Duɗal Jaaɓihaaɗtirde Chicago, Duɗal Jaaɓihaaɗtirde Northwestern, e Duɗal Jaaɓihaaɗtirde Illinois Chicago, e nder duɗe janngirɗe goɗɗe. Pijirlooji karallaagal to Chicago ina mbaɗi denndaangal ligues karallaagal mawɗe, ina heen kippuuji ɗiɗi Ligue Major Baseball. Wuro ngo ina jaɓɓoo kadi Maraton Chicago, gooto e Maratonuuji mawɗi winndere. == Etimoloji e inɗe teskinɗe == Innde Chicago ndee ummii ko e ɗemngal Farayse, innde Šikaakonki, nde woni nokku ɗo helmere šikaakwa ndee woni ɗoo, nde waawi firtude ko “skunk” e “ramps”, ko ɗum woni banndiraawo ladde e tiggu e laay, annduɓe leɗɗe ina wiyee Allium tricoccum.<ref>{{cite book|last=Costa|first=David J.|title=The Miami-Illinois Language|year=2003|publisher=University of Nebraska Press|location=Lincoln, NE|isbn=9780803215146|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qCyE8fR12HsC}}</ref> Ko Robert de LaSalle winndi e nokku wuro Chicago gadano oo, hono "Checagou" hedde hitaande dubi alif 1679 e nder deftere mum.<ref>{{cite book|last=Quaife|first=Milo M.|title=Checagou: From Indian Wigwam to Modern City, 1673–1835|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.151734|year=1933|publisher=University of Chicago Press|location=Chicago, IL|oclc=1865758}}</ref> Henri Joutel, e nder jaaynde mum 1688, hollitii wonde "garlic" ladde innde mum ina mawni no feewi e nokku hee.<ref name="Swenson, John F. 235–248">{{Cite journal|author=Swenson, John F.|title=Chicagoua/Chicago: The origin, meaning, and etymology of a place name|journal=Illinois Historical Journal|volume=84|issue=4|date=Winter 1991|pages=235–248|issn=0748-8149|oclc=25174749}}</ref> E wiyde deftere makko e darorɗe lewru suwee hiitande dubi 1687: ... nde min njottii nokku wiyaaɗo oo ina wiyee "Chicagou" mo, e fawaade e ko min mbaawi anndude heen, ƴettii ndee innde sabu keewal garlic ina mawna e nder laddeeji e nder ndii leydi. Wuro ngo ina joginoo inɗe keewɗe e nder daartol mum, ko wayi no Wuro Windy, Chi-Town, Wuro ɗiɗaɓo, e Wuro Big Shoulders.<ref name="Liebling's Second City">{{harvc|first=Sarah S.|last=Marcus|c=Chicago's Twentieth-Century Cultural Exports|in3=Reiff|in2=Keating|in1=Grossman|year=2004|url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/410156.html|access-date=December 6, 2015}}</ref> == Joogaraafi == === Topogaraafi === Chicago woni ko e fuɗnaange-rewo Illinois to bannge worgo-fuɗnaange maayo Michigan ndiyam laaɓɗam. Ko ɗum wuro mawngo e nder diiwaan Chicago Metropolitan Area, tawaaɗo e nder hirnaange-rewo leyɗeele dentuɗe [[Amerik]] e diiwaan Great Lakes. Wuro ngo ina fooftoo e dow feccere duunde he to nokku biyeteeɗo Chicago Portage, jokkondirɗo e maayo Mississippi e ɓulli ndiyam Lakes mawɗi. Ko jiidaa e nde woni sara maayo Michigan, maayooji ɗiɗi—maayo Chicago to dowri e maayo Calumet to bannge worgo to woɗɗi—ina njillondiri e wuro ngoo fof walla feccere mum. Daartol e faggudu Chicago ina njokkondiri no feewi e ɓadtaade maayo Michigan. So tawii maayo Chicago ina joginoo e daartol ko heewi e kaɓirɗe ndiyam diiwaan oo, hannde oo, laanaaji diwooje mawɗi ɗii ina kuutoroo laana ndiwoowa Calumet to wuro ngoo to bannge worgo. Leydi ndii ina rokka kadi batte moƴƴe goɗɗe : ustude nguleeki weeyo Chicago, waɗde nokkuuji gonɗi e saraaji ndiyam ɗii ina ɓuuɓna seeɗa e ndunngu, ina cooyna kadi e ndunngu.<ref>{{cite web|last=Angel|first=Jim|title=State Climatologist Office for Illinois|url=http://www.isws.illinois.edu/atmos/statecli/general/chicago-climate-narrative.htm|work=Illinois State Water Survey|publisher=[[Prairie Research Institute]]|access-date=August 4, 2013|archive-date=July 24, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130724032003/http://www.isws.illinois.edu/atmos/statecli/General/chicago-climate-narrative.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Nde Chicago sosaa e hitaande 1837, ko ɓuri heewde e mahdiiji gadani ɗii ko saraaji hunduko maayo Chicago, no yiyraa e kartal 58 bolokaaji asliiji wuro ngoo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/11175.html|title=Thompson's Plat of 1830|publisher=Chicago Historical Society|year=2004|access-date=July 3, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070423202023/http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/11175.html|archive-date=April 23, 2007}}</ref> Hakkunde darnde cakaare wuro man, nokkuuje mahaaɗe ɗon hawta bee laylaytol tagoore nde geography maako fuu, ko ɓuri fuu ɗum holla feerootiral seɗɗa tan ko wonaa non. Hakindo tooweeki leydi ko 579 ft (176,5 m) dow koye maayo. So tawii fotdeeji ɗii ina ceerti seeɗa,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chipublib.org/blogs/post/the-elevation-of-chicago-a-statistical-mystery/|title=The Elevation of Chicago: A Statistical Mystery|website=Chicago Public Library|date=September 29, 2014|language=en-US|access-date=November 22, 2018|archive-date=June 9, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220609092728/https://www.chipublib.org/blogs/post/the-elevation-of-chicago-a-statistical-mystery/|url-status=live}}</ref> nokkuuji ɓurɗi lesɗude ɗii ko e daande maayo ngoo to 578 ft (176,2 m), toɓɓe ɓurɗe toowde ɗee, to 672 ft (205 m), ko ŋorol moraanal ngol e nder duunde Blue Island to bannge fuɗnaange wuro ngoo.<ref name="neiu">{{cite web|title=Chicago Facts|url=http://www.neiu.edu/~jmhemzac/courses/docs/ofs2005-09%20small2.pdf|work=[[Northeastern Illinois University]]|access-date=August 28, 2013|page=46|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110213300/https://www.neiu.edu/~jmhemzac/courses/docs/ofs2005-09%20small2.pdf|archive-date=November 10, 2013}}</ref> Lake Shore Drive ina doga sara feccere mawnde e daande maayo Chicago. Won e nokkuuji gonɗi e saraaji ndiyam ɗii ko nokkuuji Lincoln, nokkuuji Grant, nokkuuji Burnham, e nokkuuji Jackson. Woodi 24 beeli jama'aare nder 26 miles (42km) haa sera maayo.<ref name="usabeaches">{{cite news|last=Fulton|first=Jeff|title=Public Beaches in Chicago|url=http://traveltips.usatoday.com/public-beaches-chicago-53741.html|work=[[USA Today]]|access-date=August 28, 2013|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054140/http://traveltips.usatoday.com/public-beaches-chicago-53741.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Landfill ina yaaji e geɗe maayo ngo ina rokka nokku ɗo Navy Pier, Islaam Fuɗnaange, Campus Museum, e geɗe mawɗe e nokku kawrital McCormick Place. Ko ɓuri heewde e cuuɗi njulaagu e hoɗorde toowɗe wuro ngoo ina ɓadii saraaji ndiyam. Innde nde wonaa laamuyankoore wonande wuro Chicago fof ko "Chicagoland", ko ɓuri heewde firti ko wuro ngoo e gure mum fof, hay so tawii pelle ceertuɗe ina njogii firooji ceertuɗi seeɗa.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/classified/realestate/communities/|title=Chicago Tribune Classifieds map of Chicagoland|work=Chicago Tribune|access-date=May 4, 2009|archive-date=July 13, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220713090859/https://www.chicagotribune.com/classified/realestate/communities/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Chicagoland Region|url=http://www.enjoyillinois.com/topSpots/region.aspx?area=chicagoland|work=EnjoyIllinois.com|publisher=Illinois Department of Tourism|access-date=August 14, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928043624/http://www.enjoyillinois.com/topSpots/region.aspx?area=chicagoland|archive-date=September 28, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Fast Facts About The Chicagoland Chamber of Commerce|url=http://www.chicagolandchamber.org/sub/fast_facts.asp|publisher=Chicagoland Chamber of Commerce|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090209003914/http://www.chicagolandchamber.org/sub/fast_facts.asp|archive-date=February 9, 2009|access-date=January 6, 2014}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == {{Reflist}}[[Fichier:Chicago montage.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Chicago]] [[Catégorie:Dowlaaji Dentuɗi]] [[Category:Stub]] jyuqixglsr1mip5oaklgb2v5gsjpfzb 0 4723 181072 172461 2026-08-05T01:50:39Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181072 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:BAUCHI state coat.png|thumb|Koolaaɗo kuuɓal laamu diiwaan Bauchi ]] '''Bauchi''' (Hausa: Jihar Bauchi / Fula: Leydi Bauchi 𞤫𞤴𞤣𞤭 𞤦𞤢𞤵𞤷𞥅𞤭) ko diiwaan gonɗo e worgo-fuɗnaange leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]]. Nde ɗon mari Jigawa haa woyla, Yobe haa woyla-fuunaange, [[Gombe]] haa fuunaange, Taraba bee Plateau haa fombina, [[Kaduna]] haa hirnaange e [[Kano]] haa woyla-fuunaange bee teddungal. Innde mayre ummii ko e wuro daartol Bauchi, ngo woni kadi laamorgo mayre. Dowla oo sosaa ko e hitaande 1976, nde Dowla Fuɗnaange-rewo gonnooɗo oo fusi. E fuɗɗoode nde hawri ko e nokku biyeteeɗo hannde Dowla [[Gombe]], wonti dowla ceertuɗo e hitaande 1996.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Bauchi (State, Nigeria) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/NGA005__bauchi/|access-date=6 July 2024|website=www.citypopulation.de|archive-date=6 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241206033645/https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/NGA005__bauchi/|url-status=live}}</ref> E nder diiwanuuji 36 ɗii, Bauchi woni joyaɓo ɓurɗo mawnude e nokkuuji, kadi ko joyaɓo ɓurɗo heewde yimɓe, ina limtee ko ina tolnoo e 8 308 800 neɗɗo e hitaande 2022.<ref name=":12">{{Cite web|title=Bauchi (State, Nigeria) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/NGA005__bauchi/|access-date=6 July 2024|website=www.citypopulation.de|archive-date=6 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241206033645/https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/NGA005__bauchi/|url-status=live}}</ref> To bannge geɗe leydi, dowla oo feccii ko hakkunde savanna Sudaan hirnaange to bannge worgo e ''savanna Sahe''l ɓurɗo yoorde, semi-jeereende to bannge worgo e feccere tokosere e montane [[Jos]] Plateau to fuɗnaange-rewo.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Bauchi {{!}} state, Nigeria {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Bauchi-state-Nigeria|access-date=27 February 2022|website=www.britannica.com|language=en|archive-date=11 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250811055624/https://www.britannica.com/place/Bauchi-state-Nigeria|url-status=live}}</ref> Ko ɓuri teeŋtude e sifaaji leydi ndii ko ''Yankari National Park'', nokku mawɗo laddeeji e nder diiwaan Bauchi mo fuɗnaange leydi ndii ina waɗi ƴiye keewɗe, ko wayi no ƴiye ndiyam, ƴiye [[Afrik]], ƴiye patas, hippopotamus, antelope roan, e hartebeest hirnaange [[Afrik]] e le remain [[Afrik]] hirnaange [[Naajeeriya]] limngal kulle.<ref>{{cite web|title=Yankari Game Reserve|url=https://nigeria.wcs.org/Wild-Places/Yankari-Game-Reserve.aspx|website=[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria|access-date=14 December 2021|archive-date=14 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211214205221/https://nigeria.wcs.org/Wild-Places/Yankari-Game-Reserve.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref> Ko woni jooni Dowla Bauchi ko hoɗɓe e duuɓi keewɗi e leƴƴi ceertuɗi, ina jeyaa heen Bolewa, Butawa, e Warji e nder diiwaan hakkundeejo oo ; fulɓe, kanuri en, e karay-karay en to bannge worgo; bankal en, Jaku en e Gerawa en e nder wuro Bauchi e saraaji mum ; Zaar en e Gwak en to bannge funnaange; Dugurawa to bannge worgo-fuɗnaange; e Jarawa to bannge worgo-fuɗnaange. To bannge diina, ko ɓuri heewde e yimɓe leydi ndii (~80%) ko juulɓe tawa ko seeɗa e Kerecee'en e aadaaji ko ina wona 15% e 5%, no mbaydiiji ɗii fof.[7] Evangelicals woni diinaaji kerecee en ɓurɗi heewde kono kadi ina woodi jokkuɓe e diine katolik. Diocese Anglican Bauchi ɗon nder diiwal Jos, nder Ekklessiya [[Naajeeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Azare Town {{!}} Bauchi State|url=http://www.fmcazare.gov.ng/azare.html|access-date=27 February 2022|website=www.fmcazare.gov.ng|archive-date=9 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109173102/http://fmcazare.gov.ng/azare.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ko ɗum dowla mawɗo tuugiiɗo e ndema, faggudu dowla Bauchi ina tuugii seeɗa e jawdi e ndema, ko wayi no cotton, njuumri, njuumri, tomateeji, e yamre e peeje ndiyam jahruɗe yeeso ɓeydooje peewnugol ndema gila e dowla. Industryji goɗɗi ina mbaɗi nokkuuji peewnugol nguura e peewnugol kaɓirɗe, njulaagu tin e kolombite, e turism e nder nokku biyeteeɗo Yankari e ɓulli mum ''Wikki Warm Springs''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/56324/Bauchi|title=Bauchi - state, Nigeria|website=britannica.com|access-date=14 December 2021|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018232704/https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/56324/Bauchi|archive-date=18 October 2014}}</ref> ==Etimoloji== E wiyde aadaaji, nde inniraa ko dognoowo gooto ganndiraaɗo Baushe, koɗnooɗo e diiwaan hee ko adii gargol Yakubu, laamɗo aadaaji gadano emiraaji Bauchi (sosaa ko e hitaande 1800–10).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/56324/Bauchi|title=Bauchi - state, Nigeria|website=britannica.com|access-date=30 April 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018232704/https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/56324/Bauchi|archive-date=18 October 2014}}</ref> Bauchi e Adamawa ko ɓulli ɗiɗi ɓurɗi mawnude e ndimaagu e turism wonande [[laamu Fulɓe Sokoto]].<ref name="HASJ161">{{cite book|last=Johnston|first=Hugh A.S.|title=The Fulani Empire of Sokoto|url=https://archive.org/details/fulaniempireofso0000hasj|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=1967|isbn=0-19-215428-1|page=[https://archive.org/details/fulaniempireofso0000hasj/page/n188 161]}}</ref> == Tariya == Ƴeew kadi: [[Emiraaji Bauchi]] Ko anndiraa hannde Bauchi ko haa hitaande 1976 ko diiwaan e nder diiwaan Fuɗnaange-rewo leydi Najeriya e oon sahaa. E binnditagol hitaande 2006, diiwaan oo ina waɗi 4 653 066 neɗɗo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Member Countries {{!}} Commonwealth Parliamentary Association Africa Region|url=https://www.cpaafricaregion.or.tz/member-countries/76#:~:text=According%20to%20the%202006%20census,tremendous%20transformation%20over%20the%20years.|access-date=23 October 2023|website=www.cpaafricaregion.or.tz|archive-date=2 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102074540/https://www.cpaafricaregion.or.tz/member-countries/76#:~:text=According%20to%20the%202006%20census,tremendous%20transformation%20over%20the%20years.|url-status=live}}</ref> E fuɗɗoode kitaale 1800, jihaadi Fulɓe heɓti ko heewi e Dowla Bauchi hannde oo, sosi Emiraaji Bauchi e les njiimaandi Kalifaandi Sokoto. Fotde duuvi 90 caggal mum, njillu Biritaannaaɓe heɓti Emiraaji ɗii, naatni ɗum e nder diiwaan Bauchi e nder ''Protectorate'' Fuɗnaange Nijeer mo caggal mum hawri e Nijeer Biritaan en hade mum heɓde jeytaare mum no Nijeer e hitaande 1960. E fuɗɗoode, Dowla Bauchi mo hannde oo, wonnoo ko e diiwaan caggal jeytaare mum, hono diiwaan Fuɗnaange oo, nde wonnoo ko e diiwaan Fuɗnaange leydi ndii, nde wonnoo ko e diiwaan Fuɗnaange leydi ndii Dowla Fuɗnaange-rewo.<ref>{{Cite web|date=7 January 2019|title=Bauchi State|url=https://www.nipc.gov.ng/nigeria-states/bauchi-state/|access-date=27 February 2022|website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission|language=en-US|archive-date=27 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227141117/https://www.nipc.gov.ng/nigeria-states/bauchi-state/|url-status=live}}</ref> Caggal nde Dowla Fuɗnaange-rewo feccii, Dowla Bauchi sosaa ñalnde 3 feebariyee 1976 e bannge dowlaaji sappo goɗɗi. Duuɓi cappanɗe ɗiɗi ɓaawo laamu, kawtal LGA'en nder hirnaange lesdi man ta'aama ngam sosde lesdi [[Gombe]] kesiri.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Sani|first1=Adamu|last2=Saleh|first2=Yuguda|last3=Abdulmalik|first3=Sulaiman|last4=Raymond|first4=Tabale P.|last5=Mshelia|first5=Dahiru S.|date=15 February 2022|title=Heavy Metal Contents of Sachet Water in Gombe, Nigeria.|journal=Kanem Journal Medical Sciences|volume=15|issue=2|pages=1–6|doi=10.36020/kjms.2021.1502.002|doi-broken-date=1 July 2025|issn=2006-4772|doi-access=free}}</ref> E sosde Dowla Bauchi e hitaande 1976, ndeen ina hawri e Dowla Bauchi e Gombe jooni, ina hawri e nokkuuji 16 laamu nokkuuji. Limngal nokkuuje laamuuji lesdi nder diiwal Bauchi wakkati man beddaama haa 20, ɓaawo man haa 23. Ammaa nder hitaande 1997 nde diiwal [[Gombe]] sosaa diga Bauchi nden laamuuji lesdi feere sosaa nder lesdi man, diiwal Bauchi heddii bee nokkuuje laamuuji lesdi 20 bana no holli les ɗo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=History – BASG|url=https://www.bauchistate.gov.ng/history-2/|access-date=16 January 2025|language=en-US|archive-date=14 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114194217/https://www.bauchistate.gov.ng/history-2/|url-status=live}}</ref> Dowla Bauchi waɗii waylo-waylo mawngo e nder duuɓi. Ɗemngal Ajawa ina haalee e nder diiwaan Bauchi, kono ngal majjii e hitaande 1940 nde haalooɓe ngal mbayli e ɗemngal [[Hausa language|Hausa]].<ref>{{e25|ajw|Ajawa}}</ref> Sariya sharia ƴettaa ko e [[lewru]] suwee 2001.<ref name="IRB">{{cite web|url=http://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/research/publications/index_e.htm?docid=70&cid=161&version=printable&disclaimer=show&sec=CH05|title=Issue Paper:Nigéria / Protection offerte par l'état|access-date=8 July 2008|work=irb-cisr.gc.ca|publisher=Research Directorate of the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, April 2003|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050320131003/http://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/research/publications/index_e.htm?docid=70&cid=161&version=printable&disclaimer=show&sec=CH05|archive-date=20 March 2005}}</ref> == Nokkuuji laamuuji nokkuuji == Ƴeew kadi: Doggol gure e nder diiwaan Bauchi Dowla Bauchi ina waɗi nokkuuji laamu nokkuuji capanɗe ɗiɗi (LGA). Ɓe lati: Park ngenndiijo Yankari Bimngal nokkuure LGA (km2) hitaande 2006 yimɓe Laamorgo njuɓɓudi Posto kodde Baaci 3 687 493 810 Baaci 740 Tafawa Balewa 2 515 219 988 T/Balewa 740 Daas 535 89 943 Daas 740 Toro 6 932 350 404 Toro 740 Bogoro 894 84 215 Bogoro 741 Ningiri 4 625 387 192 Ningiri 742 Warji 625 114 720 Warji 742 Ganjuwa 5 059 280 468 [[Kafin Madaki]] 742 Kirfi 2 371 147 618 Kirfi 743 Alkaali 5 918 329 424 Alkaali 743 Diiwaan fuɗnaange ina tolnoo e 33 161 2 497 782 neɗɗo Darazo 3 015 251 597 [[Darazo]] 750 Misaw 1 226 263 487 Misaw 750 Giyade 668 156 969 [[Giaɗe|Giyade]] 750 [[Shira]] 1 321 234 014 Yana 750 Jaambaare 493 176 883 Jaambaare 751 [[Katagum]] ko 1 436 295 970 Azare 751 Itaas/Gadau 1 398 229 996 Itaas 751 Zaki 1 476 191 457 [[Katagum]] 752 Gamawa 2 925 286 388 [[Gamawa]] 752 Dammbaan 1 077 150 922 [[Damban|Dammbaan]] 752 Diiwaan worgo ina tolnoo e 15 035 2 178 683 neɗɗo [[File:Bauchi state university Gadau.jpg|thumb|Duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde leydi Bauchi Gadau]] == Geography == Dowla Bauchi ina jogii leydi fotde 49 119 km2 (18 965 miil kaaree) ko ina wona 5,3% e leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] fof, ina woni hakkunde latitude 9° 3' e 12° 3' fuɗnaange e njuuteendi 8° 50' e 11° fuɗnaange. Diiwal ngal ɗon mari diiwalji joweeɗiɗi, [[Diiwal Jigawa|Jigawa]] haa woyla, Taraba 54 km e Plateau 360 km (220 mi) haa fombina, [[Gombe]] 277 km (172 mi) haa fuunaange, Yobe 188 km (117 mi) haa woyla-fuunaange, Kadu 188 km2 131 km (81 mi) to fuɗnaange-rewo<ref>distances from Google Maps</ref> Diiwal Bauchi ɗon nder diiwalji haa woyla lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] ko ɗon mari nokkuuje ɗiɗi feere-feere ɗe leɗɗe, woni, ''savannah'' [[Sudan|Sudaan]] e ''savannah Sahel''. Sifaa leɗɗe ''savannah'' [[Sudan|Sudaan]] ina suddii bannge worgo diiwaan oo. Ɗoo noon, leɗɗe ina ɓeydoo alɗude feewde fuɗnaange, haa teeŋti noon e saraaji ɓulli ndiyam walla maayooji, kono e nder keewceeral, leɗɗe ɗee ina pamɗi no feewi, tee huɗo ina famɗi no feewi e ko ɓuri woɗɗude fuɗnaange, ɗum woni e nder nokku laddeeji gonɗi e ŋoral hakkundeewal. Nokkuure ''savannah Sahel'', anndiraande kadi leɗɗe semi-desert, ina feeña gila e hakkunde diiwaan oo, nde neɗɗo ummotoo fuɗnaange diiwaan oo fayde worgo mum. Ooɗoo sifaa leɗɗe ina waɗi darndeeji ceertuɗi e leɗɗe ƴiye. To bannge goɗɗo oo, bannge worgo-fuɗnaange diiwaan oo ko koɗli sabu jokkude jolngo Jos, bannge worgo oo ko ɓuri heewde ko ceene. [[File:Kobi Hill, from Wunti street Bauchi.jpg|thumb|Tulde Kobi, gila laawol Wunti Bauchi]] == Wakati == Bauchi ina jogii sahaa ɓuuɓɗo tooñoowo tawi sahaa yooro ina waɗi duule, ina wuli hitaande kala. E nder hitaande, nguleeki ina wayloo kadi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bauchi Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Nigeria) - Weather Spark|url=https://weatherspark.com/y/61868/Average-Weather-in-Bauchi-Nigeria-Year-Round|access-date=30 June 2023|website=weatherspark.com|language=en|archive-date=30 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230630173424/https://weatherspark.com/y/61868/Average-Weather-in-Bauchi-Nigeria-Year-Round|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Bauchi Annual Weather Averages|url=https://www.worldweatheronline.com/bauchi-weather/bauchi/ng.aspx|access-date=30 June 2023|website=WorldWeatherOnline.com|language=en|archive-date=30 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230630173920/https://www.worldweatheronline.com/bauchi-weather/bauchi/ng.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref> Bana kala diiwal lesdi [[Naajeeriya]], diiwal Bauchi ɗon ƴama batte bonɗe ɗe waylaaki weeyo. Ñalnde 11 [[lewru]] juko hitaande 2022, gardiiɗo njuɓɓudi laamu Bauchi (BASEMA), Mr Bala Lame, wiyi "ko famɗi fof 100 galle e leyɗeele ndema keewɗe mbonnaama e ilam bonɗam e nder [[Darazo]] LGA diiwaan oo". Ɗum o siftini ɗum ko ilam caggal balɗe tati toɓooli duumiiɗi e nokku hee.<ref>{{Cite news|date=18 July 2022|title=Climate Watch: Flood destroys 100 houses, farmlands in Bauchi|url=https://www.thecable.ng/climate-watch-flood-destroys-100-houses-farmlands-in-bauchi|access-date=30 November 2022|newspaper=[[TheCable]]|language=en-US|archive-date=30 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221130141235/https://www.thecable.ng/climate-watch-flood-destroys-100-houses-farmlands-in-bauchi|url-status=live}}</ref> Hakindo nguleeki hitaande kala ina tolnoo e 14 haa 38 °C (57 haa 100 °F), tawa sahaa e sahaa fof ina ustoo so tawii ko les 10,5°C/51°F walla so tawii ko ɓuri 40°C/104°F. Wakkati ɓurɗo mawnude e hitaande ngam yillaade Bauchi ngam waɗde golle ɓuuɓɗe, e fawaade e limto turism, ko tuggi puɗal lewru desaambar haa puɗal lewru feebariyee. Tuggi 28 feebariyee haa 10 mee ko dumunna nguleeki, ko lebbi 2,5, tawi nguleeki mum ina tolnoo e 96 °F ñalnde kala. Hakindo toowngo 99 °F e les 74 °F, lewru abriil ko lewru ɓurndu wulde e hitaande to Bauchi. Tuggi 15 sulyee haa 1 oktoobar, dumunna cooyɗo, mo nguleeki mum tolnii e 86 °F ñalnde kala, ina duumoo lebbi 2,6. E nder 58 °F e 90 °F, lewru Yarkomaa ko lewru ɓurndu toowde e hitaande to Bauchi.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|title=Bauchi {{!}} state, Nigeria {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Bauchi-state-Nigeria|access-date=27 February 2022|website=www.britannica.com|language=en|archive-date=11 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250811055624/https://www.britannica.com/place/Bauchi-state-Nigeria|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Emir of Bauchi Main Palace.jpg|thumb|Emir laamorde mawnde Bauchi]] == Pollugol henndu == Kosam ɗam, ɗam njaajeendi mum tolnii e 10 mikroo, ko 1/7 teddeendi gaasa neɗɗo, ko huunde maantiniinde e pollugol henndu to Bauchi. Ɗeeɗoo ɓuuɓɗe, baawɗe wonde cumu, ɓuuɓol, ɓuuɓol, lamɗam, asid, e njamndi, ina mbaawi bonnude cellal sabu ina mbaawi foofde e nder nokkuuji ɓurɗi luggiɗde e ƴiiƴam.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Air Quality & Pollen Forecast for Bauchi|url=https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/outdoorsports/airquality/bauchi_nigeria_2347470|access-date=21 September 2023|website=meteoblue|language=en|archive-date=19 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231019014001/https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/outdoorsports/airquality/bauchi_nigeria_2347470|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=21 September 2023|title=Bauchi Air Quality Index (AQI) and Nigeria Air Pollution {{!}} IQAir|url=https://www.iqair.com/ae/nigeria/bauchi|access-date=21 September 2023|website=www.iqair.com|language=en|archive-date=19 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231019014003/https://www.iqair.com/ae/nigeria/bauchi|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Air Quality and Pollen in Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria {{!}} Tomorrow.io|url=https://www.tomorrow.io/weather/NG/BA/Bauchi/076796/health/|access-date=21 September 2023|website=Tomorrow.io Weather|language=en|archive-date=19 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231019014002/https://www.tomorrow.io/weather/NG/BA/Bauchi/076796/health/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Water buck (Kobus ellipsiprymnus) -Yankari game reserve, Bauchi State (1).jpg|thumb|Park ngenndiijo Yankari]] == Erosiyoŋ == Ɓoornugol maayo, ngol ɓuuɓni ponti, ɓuuɓol, e cuuɗi, ina addana hoɗɓe e gure [[Alkaleri]] e [[Kirfi]] e nder diiwaan Bauchi kulhuli.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Nabordo|first=Muhammad Alabira|date=28 August 2023|title=Residents of Bauchi communities panic as erosion washes away bridges, threatens houses|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nnorth-east/618306-residents-of-bauchi-communities-panic-as-erosion-washes-away-bridges-threatens-houses.html|access-date=4 October 2023|newspaper=[[Premium Times]]|language=en-GB|archive-date=19 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231019014001/https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nnorth-east/618306-residents-of-bauchi-communities-panic-as-erosion-washes-away-bridges-threatens-houses.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Abdulhamid|first=Hafsat|date=4 August 2020|title=Erosion threatening our lives - Bauchi community|url=https://dailypost.ng/2020/08/04/erosion-threatening-our-lives-bauchi-community/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=4 October 2023|newspaper=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]|language=en-US|archive-date=19 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231019014003/https://dailypost.ng/2020/08/04/erosion-threatening-our-lives-bauchi-community/|url-status=live}}</ref> == Ummatore == Diiwal Bauchi ina jogii leƴƴi 55 ɗi hawri e Gerawa, Sayawa, Jarawa, Kirfawa, Turawa Bolewa, Karai-Karai, Kanuri, Fa'awa, Butawa, Warjawa, Zulawa, Boyawa MBAdawa. Won nanndugol pine e nder ɗemngal yimɓe ɓee, e golle mum en, e juuldeeji mum en, e mbaydiiji mum en kadi ina woodi jokkondiral toowngal hakkunde leƴƴi haa teeŋti noon e dewgal e gonndigal faggudu. Won e leƴƴi ina njogii jokkondire jokkondire gonɗe hakkunde mum en, e.g. Fulɓe e kanuri en jarawa en e sayawa ekn. Koolol Durbar ko huunde mawnde e hitaande kala.<ref>{{cite web|title=A 100-Year-Old Muslim Festival of Horse Riding|url=https://folio.ng/a-100-year-old-muslim-festival-of-horse-riding/|website=Folio Nigeria|access-date=17 August 2020|archive-date=17 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200817082951/https://folio.ng/a-100-year-old-muslim-festival-of-horse-riding/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Museum in Yankari Game Reserve.jpg|thumb|Musiyum e nder nokku njulaagu Yankari]] == Jaangirde == Duɗal Jaaɓihaaɗtirde [[Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=keetu|date=8 March 2018|title=List Of Accredited Courses Offered In ATBU Bauchi|url=https://schoolings.org/list-of-accredited-courses-offered-in-atbu-bauchi/|access-date=6 August 2021|language=en-US|archive-date=6 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806160459/https://schoolings.org/list-of-accredited-courses-offered-in-atbu-bauchi/|url-status=live}}</ref> woni ko e laamorgo leydi Bauchi. Jaŋdeeji goɗɗi gonɗi e nder diiwaan hee ina jeyaa heen Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde diiwaan Bauchi,<ref>{{Cite web|date=9 October 2020|title=List Of BASUG Courses and Programmes Offered - MySchoolGist|url=https://www.myschoolgist.com/ng/basug-courses/|access-date=6 August 2021|website=www.myschoolgist.com|language=en|archive-date=6 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806161043/https://www.myschoolgist.com/ng/basug-courses/|url-status=live}}</ref> Politeknik [[Abubakar Tatari Ali]],<ref>{{Cite news|date=16 January 2018|title=Bauchi poly secures accreditation for 53 courses|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/bauchi-poly-secures-accreditation-53-courses/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=27 March 2019|archive-date=27 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327153423/http://thenationonlineng.net/bauchi-poly-secures-accreditation-53-courses/|url-status=live|newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}</ref>Politeknik fedde, Bauchi<ref>{{Cite web|last=keetu|date=23 November 2017|title=List Of Accredited Courses Offered In Federal Poly Bauchi|url=https://schoolings.org/list-of-courses-offered-in-federal-poly-bauchi/|access-date=6 August 2021|language=en-US|archive-date=6 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806161544/https://schoolings.org/list-of-courses-offered-in-federal-poly-bauchi/|url-status=live}}</ref> e duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde ganndal cellal fedde Azare.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Federal University Of Health Sciences Azare Matriculate 760 Pioneer Students {{!}} Independent Newspaper Nigeria|url=https://independent.ng/federal-university-of-health-sciences-azare-matriculate-760-pioneer-students/|access-date=25 December 2023|website=independent.ng|date=18 January 2023|archive-date=25 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225202713/https://independent.ng/federal-university-of-health-sciences-azare-matriculate-760-pioneer-students/|url-status=live}}</ref> == Moota == Laabi mawɗi fedde nde: A3 fuɗnaange-rewo ummoraade e diiwaan Plateau to Rafin Jaki fotde 294 km rewrude e Bauchi, Darazo, e Lanpo haa diiwaan Yobe to Baino e nder laawol mawngol Dakar-Ndjamena hakkunde Saheel (Hakkunde [[Afrik]] 5). A237 (ina jeyaa e laawol mawngol ngol Dakar-Ndjamena walla TAH 5) fuɗnaange-rewo ummoraade e diiwaan [[Diiwal Jigawa|Jigawa]] sara Garwa fotde 90 km hono laawol [[Kano]]-Kari rewrude e Zigau, Yana, [[Giaɗe|Giade]] e [[Misaw|Misau]] haa A3 to Kari. A345 ko laawol Bachi-Bara-[[Gombe]] fuɗnaange gila Bauchi fotde 117 km rewrude e Alkaleri e Bara haa diiwaan [[Gombe]] to Lariski. Laabi mawɗi goɗɗi: laawol Yana-Azare to fuɗnaange gila A237 to Yana haa Azare. laawol Azare-Katagum ngol fuɗnaange gila Azare rewrude e Gadau, Chibiyyi e Sakwa haa [[Katagum]]. fuɗnaange-rewo ummoraade [[Katagum]] rewrude e [[Gamawa]] e Lafiya haa e diiwaan Yobe to Zindiwa. laawol Azare-[[Pataskumo|Potiskum]] ngol fuɗnaange-rewo ummoraade Azare rewrude e Bulkachuwa, [[Damban]] e Dagauda haa [[Diiwal Yobe|diiwaan Yobe.]] laawol [[Alkaleri|Alkeleri]]-[[Kirfi]] haa woyla diga A345 haa Budawaire dow daande [[maayo Gongola]] haa lesdi [[Gombe]] bana laawol Kunde-Riban-Gau. laawol Ningi to fuɗnaange gila A3 to Bauchi rewrude e [[Kafin Madaki|Kafin Madak]]<nowiki/>i haa Miya. Laabi Miya-Warji to fuɗnaange ummoraade Miya rewrude e Baima laawol Warji-Gwaram fuunaange haa lesdi Jigawa laawol Jengre-Ningin ngol haa woyla diga lesdi Plateau haa Zarya haa Ningi. laawol Ningi-Zakara fuɗnaange haa Zakara ɗo laawol Zakara-Miya jokki fuɗnaange. laawol Ningi-Samaki haa woyla lesdi Jigawa haa Shabaki. ko laawol Munchiya-Zanabi-Jerkoya-Matugiwa. Laabi Lumbu-Fulani fuɗnaange rewrude e Jigawa e Gwom haa Shabaki. fuɗnaange-rewo gila A3 to [[Darazo]] haa diiwaan [[Jigawa]] to Basirka. Laabi njamndi: Laana Fuɗnaange Kap gauge 1067 mm fuɗnaange gila Jos e nder diiwaan Plateau haa [[Diiwal Gombe|diiwaan Gombe]]. Daldal jippol pireewol: Aeroport Bauchi Sir [[Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]], 23 km to woyla Bauchi, sara wuro Durum, lomtii Aeroport Bauchi e hitaande 2014, e golle keewɗe haa [[Abuja]] Nokkuuji leɗɗe no siforaa dow nii ina njogii sarɗiiji e geɗe weeyo, ɗe nganndu-ɗaa ko ɗe toɓooli keɓaaɗi e nokku hee. Yeru, toɓooli e nder diiwaan Bauchi ina tolnoo e 1 300 milimeeteer (51 in) hitaande kala to bannge worgo, e 700 milimeeteer tan (28 in) hitaande kala to bannge worgo ɓurngo toowde. Ndeeɗoo feere noon ko sabu e nder diiwaan hirnaange [[Afrik]], toɓooli ina keewi ummoraade fuɗnaange no ɗi njahrata e fuɗnaange-rewo nii. Ko ɗum waɗi yooro yahrungo yeeso feewde fuɗnaange, haa arti noon e ngonka jeereende to fuɗnaange woɗɗuɗo. Ko noon kadi wonande diiwaan Bauchi. Ɗum noon, toɓooli puɗɗotoo ko adii e nder diiwaan hee, ɗo toɓooli ɓuri heewde e juutde. Ɗoo toɓooli ɗii puɗɗotoo ko e lewru abriil, tawi ko ɓuri heewde e mum en ko 1 300 milimeeteer (51 in) hitaande kala. E ko feewti heen, bannge worgo diiwaan oo ina heɓa toɓooli ko juuti, ko ɓuri heewde ko hedde lewru suwee walla sulyee, ina winnda toɓooli ɓurɗi heewde ko 700 milimeeteer (28 in) hitaande kala. E nder oon sifaa, weeyo ngo njiy-ɗen e fuɗnaange e worgo ina seerti no feewi. So tawii ko nguleeki ɓuuɓki e nder feccere adannde toɓooli to fuɗnaange, nguleeki, yoorki e duƴƴe ina njuuti to bannge worgo. Gaagaa toɓooli, diiwaan Bauchi ina ndiyam e maayooji keewɗi. Maayo Gongolaa e Jama'are ina jeyaa heen. Maayo Gongola ɗon ta'a lesdi Bauchi nder nokkuure laamu lesdi Tafawa Balewa haa woyla lesdi ndin e nder nokkure laamu lesdi Kirfi e Alkaleri haa woyla lesdi ndi'i, nden maayo Jama’are ɗon ta'a lesdi ndi'i haa woyla lesdi man. Yanti heen, feccere mawnde e maayo Hadeja-[[Jama'are]] ina woni e nder diiwaan Bauchi, tawi wondude e nokkuuji fadamaaji (''floodplain'') ceertuɗi e nder diiwaan hee ina rokka leydi moƴƴiri ngam golle ndema. Ɗee ina ɓeydoo wallitde e limoore baraasuuji baɗaaɗi ngam ndiyam e geɗe goɗɗe. Ina jeyaa heen baraaje Gubi e baraaje Tilde-Fulani. Won kadi maayooji ko wayi no maayo Maladumba e nder diiwaan laamu [[Misaw|Misau]] ina ɓeyda sarɗiiji potɗi wallitde ndema Ɗemɗe Pelle ɗemɗe Chadic hirnaange kaaleteeɗe e nder diiwaan Bauchi:<ref name="BlenchAtlas4">{{Cite book|title=An Atlas of Nigerian Languages|last=Blench|first=Roger|publisher=Kay Williamson Educational Foundation|year=2019|edition=4th|location=Cambridge}}</ref> Ɗemɗe Bauchi worgo Ɗemɗe Bauchi Sud Ɗemɗe dowla Bauchi ɗe LGA limti:<ref name="e25">[https://www.ethnologue.com/country/NG Nigeria] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219232852/https://www.ethnologue.com/country/NG|date=19 February 2020}} in {{e25}}</ref> Ɗemɗe LGA Daas Alkaari; Bole; Duguri; Giiwo; Guruntum-Mbaaru; Labir; Tangale Bankal Bauchi; Duguri; Dulbu; Galambu; Gera; Geruma; Giiwo; Guruntum-Mbaaru; Ju; Kir-Balar; Labir; Luuri; Mangaaji; Mbat; Pa'a; Polis; Shiki; Tala; Zangwal Bogoro saywa(Za'ar) Dambam Karay-karaay Darazo Bole; Deno; Diri; Giiwo; Mburku; Ngamo; Zumbun Dass Bankal; Daas; Gwak; Polis; Saya; Shaal-Zwal; Zari Dukku Bole Gamawa Karai-karai Ganjuwa Ciwogai; Gera; Geruma; Jimi; Kariya; Kubi; Miya Kirfi bureeji Misau fulato/Borno; Suwaa; Kanuri; Hawsa; Fulɓe; Karay-karaay Ningi Diri; Gamo-Ningin; Kuudu-Kamo; Pa'a; Siiri; Warji; Geruma Tafawa balewa sur; Vaghat-Ya-Bijim-Legeri; Zari; Banke; Gwak; Izere; Sayawa(za'ar) Toro Bankal; Daas; Geji; Geruma; Gwa; Gyem; Iguta; Izere; Jere; Jijiɗo; Lemoro; Mawa; Panawa; Polis; Sanga; Saya; Shau; Tunzuii; Zari; Zeem; Ziiriya Zaki Bade Ɗemɗe goɗɗe ɗe dowla Bauchi woni Ajawa, Beele, Berom, Kanuri, Kwaami, Manga, Pero, e Piya-Kwonci.<ref name="e252">[https://www.ethnologue.com/country/NG Nigeria] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219232852/https://www.ethnologue.com/country/NG|date=19 February 2020}} in {{e25}}</ref> == Ngomna == Ƴeew kadi: Doggol guwerneeruuji diiwaan Bauchi Bana lesɗe [[Naajeeriya]] fuu, hukuumaaji pamari ɗin ɗon ardii guwerneer mo mari haaje suɓugo laawol gootol. Haa hitaande 2019, guwerneer lesdi Bauchi woni [[Bala Mohammed Kauran Bauchi|Bala Mohammed,]] mo wurti bee nasaraaku nder suɓol guwerneer 9 mars 2019 bee lanyol PDP. O huniima ñalnde 29 lewru nduu hitaande 2019, o waɗii guwerneer demokaraasi 6ɓo e nder diiwaan Bauchi, e guwerneer 16ɓo e nder diiwaan Bauchi e nder leydi ndi fof. Baba Tela woni cukko guwerneer diiwaan Bauchi.<ref>{{Cite news|date=29 May 2019|title=Huge Crowd Gather for Bala Mohammed's Inauguration in Bauchi|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/05/29/huge-crowd-gather-for-bala-mohammeds-inauguration-in-bauchi/|access-date=1 April 2022|newspaper=[[This Day]]|language=en-US|archive-date=1 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401162148/https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/05/29/huge-crowd-gather-for-bala-mohammeds-inauguration-in-bauchi/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Nigerian States|url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm|access-date=2 April 2022|website=www.worldstatesmen.org|archive-date=28 May 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100528072649/https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> == Politik == Laamu leydi ndi ardii ɗum ko guwerneer cuɓaaɗo e nder demokaraasi, gollodiiɗo e terɗe suudu sarɗiiji leydi ndi. Laamorde leydi ndi woni Bauchi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nigerian States|url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm|access-date=2 April 2022|website=www.worldstatesmen.org|archive-date=28 May 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100528072649/https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Siistem wooteeji to dowla oo suɓaama e kuutoragol siistem baylaaɗo e doggol ɗiɗi. Ngam suɓaade e daawal gadanal, kanndidaa ina foti heɓde keewal wooteeji e ko ɓuri 25% e wooteeji ɗii, ko famɗi fof tataɓe ɗiɗi e nder nokkuuji laamu nokkuuji ɗii. So tawii hay kanndidaa gooto rewaani laawol ngol, doggol ɗiɗaɓol ngol waɗata ko hakkunde kanndidaa ɓurɗo toowde e kanndidaa garoowo mo heɓi keewal wooteeji e nder Nokkuuji laamu nokkuuji ɓurɗi heewde<ref>{{Cite news|last=Oguntola|first=Tunde|date=27 September 2022|title=2023: Next President, Govs Must Get Two-thirds Spread, Says INEC|url=https://leadership.ng/2023-next-president-govs-must-get-two-thirds-spread-says-inec/|access-date=24 February 2023|language=en-US|newspaper=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]|archive-date=11 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250511002311/https://leadership.ng/2023-next-president-govs-must-get-two-thirds-spread-says-inec/|url-status=live}}</ref> == Emiraaji e Laamuuji == Hannde, ina woodi juɓɓule aadaaji capanɗe ɗiɗi (20) e nder diiwaan Bauchi ina mbaɗi emiraaji 19 e laamu 1 hono nii:<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bauchi moves to create fresh 13 emirates, others – Bauchi State Government|url=https://home.bauchistate.gov.ng/bauchi-moves-to-create-fresh-13-emirates-others/|access-date=23 October 2025|language=en-US|archive-date=14 November 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251114180040/https://home.bauchistate.gov.ng/bauchi-moves-to-create-fresh-13-emirates-others/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Bello|first=Hafsat|date=22 October 2025|title=Bauchi Gov creates 13 new emirates, over 100 district heads|url=https://dailypost.ng/2025/10/22/bauchi-gov-creates-13-new-emirates-over-100-district-heads/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=23 October 2025|newspaper=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]|language=en-US}}</ref> S/N Innde Joɗnde nokkuure laamu nokkuure (LGA) 1 Emiraaji Bauchi Bauchi Bauchi 2 katagum emiraat azare katagum 3 Emiraaji Misaawo Misaawo 4 Ningi Emiraaji Ningi Ningi 5 Jam’are Emiraaji Jam’are Jam’are 6 Daas Emiraaji Daas Daas 7 Burra Emiraaji Burra Ningi 8 Dambam Emiraat Dambam Dambam 9 Emiraaji daraazo daraazo 10 Emiraat duguri yuuli alkaleri 11 Emiraat Gamawa Gamawa 12 Emiraaji Giyaade 13 Toro Emiraat Toro Toro 14 warji emiraaji katangaar warji warji 15 Ari Emira Gadar Maiwa Itas/Gadau 16 Emiraaji Jama’a (Dowla Bauchi) Nabardo Toro 17 lame emiraat gumau toro 18 Bununu Emirati Bununu Tafawa Balewa 19 Lere Emirate (Dowla Bauchi) Lere Tafawa Balewa 20 Zaar Laamu Mhrim Tafawa Balewa '''Yimɓe teskinaaɓe''' [[Abubakar Tafawa Balewa|Abuubakar Tafawa Balewa]], ardiiɗo jaagorɗe lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] arandeejo tan [[Jude Rabo]], cukko hooreejo duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde fedde nde, Wukari [[Sa'adu Zungur|Saadu Zungur]], yimiyanke e waylowaylo [[Bala Mohammed|Bala Muhammed]], (jibinaa ko hitaande 1958) ko o dawriyanke leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]], ko o guwerneer diiwaan Bauchi gila hitaande 2019<ref>{{Cite web|date=23 March 2024|title=Bauchi: Gov Mohammed Grants Pardon To 96 Inmates {{!}} Independent Newspaper Nigeria|url=https://independent.ng/bauchi-gov-mohammed-grants-pardon-to-96-inmates/|access-date=23 March 2024|language=en-GB|archive-date=23 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323112536/https://independent.ng/bauchi-gov-mohammed-grants-pardon-to-96-inmates/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Muhammed Abdullahi Abubakar]] (jibinaa ko hitaande 1956) gonnooɗo guwerneer diiwaan Bauchi gila 2015 haa 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Ayo-Aderele|first=Adesola|date=18 March 2019|title=Bauchi Gov Abubakar visits Aso Villa, meets Buhari over governorship polls results|url=https://punchng.com/breaking-bauchi-gov-abubakar-visits-aso-rock-meets-president-buhari/|access-date=23 March 2024|newspaper=[[The Punch]]|language=en-US}}</ref> [[Isa Yuguda]], (jibinaa ko hitaande 1956) ko o dawriyanke leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]], ko o gonnooɗo guwerneer diiwaan Bauchi gila 2007 haa 2015.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Ibrahim|first=Kamal|date=17 December 2023|title=Gov Mohammed, Yuguda Receive Honorary Degrees From State Varsity|url=https://leadership.ng/gov-mohammed-yuguda-receive-honorary-degrees-from-state-varsity/|access-date=23 March 2024|language=en-US|newspaper=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]|archive-date=23 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323114144/https://leadership.ng/gov-mohammed-yuguda-receive-honorary-degrees-from-state-varsity/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Dahiru Mohammed]], siyaasaajo lesdi [[Naajeeriya]], gonnooɗo gomnaajo diiwal Bauchi [[Adamu Mu'azu]], siyaasaajo lesdi [[Naajeeriya]], gonnooɗo gomnaajo diiwal Bauchi [[Yayale Ahmed]], ko o dawriyanke, golloowo laamu leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] [[Zainab Bulkachuwa]], ñaawoowo leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] [[Ahmed Aliyu Jalam]], siyaasaajo lesdi [[Naajeeriya]], gonnooɗo komisinaajo lesdi Bauchi [[Sadok Yohanna]], ko balloowo fuku koyɗe == Ƴeew kadi == Laana njoorndi Bauchi == Galle == ==Hiimobe== [[Category:Fulfulde]] [[Catégorie:Diiwal dow e Naajeeriya]] [[Catégorie:Naajeeriya]] [[Catégorie:Diiwal]] 43cjz7abebczh1ojj4audgq22fv276n 0 4730 181013 170527 2026-08-05T00:47:17Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181013 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Abdulrahman Bello Dambazau''' CFR GSS, psc, ndc, fwc(+) (jibinaa ko 14 mars 1954) ko seneraal konu leydi [[Naajeeriya]], ko o daraniiɗo politik, o woniino hooreejo konu leydi ndii gila 2008 haa 2010 e nder suudu sarɗiiji leydi ndii gila ministeer19. Dambazau ko strategist lolluɗo, haa teeŋti noon E nder geɗe kisal ngenndi e diiwaan. Ko o binndoowo ganndo, jogiiɗo wiɗtooji jaajɗi e luggiɗɗi e fannuuji keewɗi e jikkuuji aadee. Ko o ''Criminologist'' ganndiraaɗo darnde makko E nder fannu, kadi omo tiiɗnoo e janngude e toppitaade ñawɓe bonanndeeji, musibbaaji e fitinaaji. Ko kanko woni hannde Pro - kanselor duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ''Capital City'' [[Kano]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/05/kano-emir-confers-traditional-titles-dambazau-others/|title=Kano Emir confers traditional titles on Dambazau, others|date=2018-05-11|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US|access-date=2020-04-28}}</ref> == Nguurndam gadano == === Caalaje === Dambazau jibinaa ko e galle konunkooɓe aadaaji, leñol fulɓe Dambazawa. Baaba makko ina gollinoo e konu koloñaal, miñiraaɓe makko ina njoginoo postooji mawɗi e nder konu nguu. Omo jogii kadi tiitoonde aadaaji Baraden [[Kano]].<ref name="Eterno-Das">{{cite book|last1=Eterno & Das|title=Police Practices in Global Perspective|url=https://archive.org/details/policepracticesi0000unse|year=2010|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield, 2010|isbn=978-1-4422-0024-1|page=[https://archive.org/details/policepracticesi0000unse/page/259 259]}}</ref> === Jaangirde === Jaŋde Dambazau hakkundeere waɗi ko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Barewa, Zaria, ɗo o heɓi bakkaa makko e hitaande 1974. Caggal ɗuum e hitaande 1974, o yahi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ''Defense Nigeria'', o woni tergal e 17 Course de combattant régulier. O hokkaama lietnaa ɗiɗaɓo nder konu lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] nder lewru Juko hitaande 1977.<ref name="Vanguard">{{Cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2010/03/dambazau-what-the-army-thinks/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Dambazau: What the army thinks|last1=Adefaye|first1=Gbenga|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|access-date=12 July 2015}}</ref>[citation needed] E hitaande 1979, Dambazau naati duɗal polis konu [[Amerik]] to Fort McClellan. Dambazau caggal ɗuum heɓi dipoloma mum ko fayti e ñaawoore to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kent State e hitaande 1982, o heɓi doktoraa makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Keele e hitaande 1989. == Golle konu == === Emmugo === Dambazau wonnoo ko polis konu, balloowo hooreejo konu (1979), o ardii diwanuuji polis konu, o woniino wiɗtoowo keeriiɗo (1984-1985). Dambazau wonnoo ko binnditiiɗo e Akademi Defense [[Naajeeriya]] gila 1993 haa 1999. O woni kadi mawɗo jannginoowo, ''Support Weapon Wing'' e ''Centre Infantry'' e Duɗal gila 1999 haa 2001 e caggal mum ko gardiiɗo gollotooɓe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde konu leydi ndii gila 2004 haa 2006 komannda (GOC) diɗɗal 2, [[Ibadan]].<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1957894,00.html|title=Nigerians Wonder: Could a Military Coup Help Us?|last=da Costa|first=Gilbert|date=31 January 2010|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814010116/http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1957894,00.html|archive-date=2014-08-14}}</ref> === Mawɗo konu === Toɗɗaama hooreejo konu e hitaande 2008 e juuɗe hooreejo leydi ndi hono [[Umaru Yar'Adua]]. Hakkunde laamu Yar'Adua,<ref name="Siollun">{{cite web|last1=Siollun|first1=Max|title=Profile of Nigeria's New Military Service Chiefs|url=https://maxsiollun.wordpress.com/2008/08/25/profile-of-nigerias-new-military-service-chiefs/|website=Max Siollun's Website|date=25 August 2008|access-date=12 July 2015}}</ref> konu nguu tuumaama e yiɗde heɓtude laamu e nder cuuɗiindi sabu rafi Yar'Adua.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://secure.saharareporters.com/2010/02/23/updated-turai-coup-detat-how-turai-yar%E2%80%99adua-seized-power|location=New York City, United States|title=UPDATED: The Turai Coup D'etat: How Turai Yar'Adua seized power|date=2010-02-23|newspaper=[[Sahara Reporters]]|access-date=2020-04-28}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2010/03/dambazau-what-the-army-thinks/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Dambazau: What the army thinks|date=2010-03-13|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-US|access-date=2020-04-28}}</ref> Caggal nde Yar’Adua sankii, Dambazau woppi golle mum ko hooreejo leydi [[Goodluck Jonathan|Goodluck Jonathan.]] == Baɗte mawɗe ɗe o heɓi e wonde mawɗo konu == 1. Konu leydi [[Naajeeriya]] (NAWANI) nder hitaande 2010. 2. Mahngo 44 opitaal ''reference'' konu e ɓeydude ɗum e opitaal ONU to bannge tolno 4. 3. Mahaa Barak YarAdua e golle Direct Labour kuutortooɗe Innjiniyankooɓe konu. 4. Yaajnaade nokku toppitiiɗo jam konu ngam jogaade mbaawka jannginde bataliyoŋaaji ɗiɗi e sahaa gooto, heɓde njeenaari ONU ngam wonde nokku janngingol diiwaan. Rewindaade denndaangal defte janngirɗe konu leydi [[Najiriya|Najeriya]]. Lelni sosngo nokku janngirde ngam haɓaade ownugol e fitinaaji Jaji. == Jaambaraagal ko o jaagorgal nder leydi == 1. Wazde peeje men e nder gollorɗe 4 gonɗe e les njiimaandi ministeer oo, sosde laawol ngol aldaa e paltoor ngam yahrude yeeso e golle, haa teeŋti noon e heblooji, toɗɗagol e ƴellitgol. 2. Naatde e biometrik e dijital paaspoor winndereejo, ina heen humpitooji ko adii Travelers e ballondiral e ''INTERPOL''. 3. O wayla njuɓɓudi kasooji ngam ustude keeweendi yimɓe nanngaaɓe e ñaawoore, tawa ina ɗaɓɓi nde ɓe njogori jogaade ñalɗi maɓɓe e nder ñaawirdu tawa ɓe ngoppaani leelgol sabu ŋakkeende kaɓirɗe. Sodi otooji keewɗi, mahii nokkuuji coktirɗi 3000 neɗɗo, kadi ƴeewtindorii wonde sariya keso coktirgal siynaama ngam artirde faandaare kasoo oo gila e ñaawoore haa e safaara e moƴƴitingol no fotiri e kuule Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe (Kuulal Mandelaa). udditgol otooji kesi ɗii ngam sarwiis toppitiiɗo ko feewti e njuɓɓudi 4. O sosi ''SITUATION ROOM'' ngam yuɓɓinde golle denndaangal juɓɓule kisal e kisal renndo, haa teeŋti noon e jaabaade caɗeele. 5. O ardii eɓɓaaɗe sektoraa kisal hakkunde [[Amerik]] e NIGERIA ngam moƴƴinde sektoraa kisal ngam jaabaade caɗeele, soodgol kaɓirɗe, e golle to bannge worgo-fuɗnaange. 6. O ƴetti miijo sosde INSTITUT DE SÉCURITÉ DOMESTICE ngam heblude strateeji ofiseeji mawɗi e nder gollorɗe kisal. 7. O hollitii miijo peewnugol paaspooruuji e nder leydi [[Naajeeriya]] wonaa caggal leydi ngam waɗde paaspooruuji ɓurɗi hoybude e Naajeeriyankooɓe kadi reende lowre ndee. 8. O fuɗɗii ministeer pijirlooji nder leydi e nder duuɓi ɗiɗi kala, o yuɓɓini laabi ɗiɗi hade makko ministeer. Miijo ngo wonnoo ko sosde lowre ngam ɓeydude gollondiral, jokkondiral, e gollondiral hakkunde gollorɗe ɗee. 9. O wuurtinii Fedde nde, gila e oto ɓooyɗo gooto tan e nder limlebbi mum haa e ko ina ɓura 40 oto keso, otooji ndiyam keewɗi. Kadi sosi ''HQs Zonal Fire'' jeegom, ko jiidaa e udditgol Duɗal Heblo Fire ngal ina jogii kaɓirɗe no moƴƴi. Yiylaade mahngo duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Fedde nde 10. O sosi ''AGRO RANGERS'' e nder Korse ''Defense'' Siwil ngam reende njulaagu ndema wonande yimɓe, pelle e juɓɓule ngam haɓaade hareeji bandiiji e bonnooɓe woɗɓe. 11. O fuɗɗii batu diiwaan Toowngu e ballondiral e KOMISIYOŊ CEDEAO ngam yuɓɓinde PROTOKOOL CEDEAO TO TRANSHUMANCE ngam ƴeewtaade e yuurnitaade yah-ngartaa transhumance e nder keeri. 12. O waɗi dabare bee kawtal bee UE dow eggugo lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] haa Orop ngam naftoraago taskaramji UE ɗi ɗon mari ceede ɗuuɗɗe ngam eggugo Naajeeriya’en ɗon mari nafuuda, haa teeŋti bee ɓe ɗon mari nafuuda. 13. Naatde e Ministeer nder leydi mawɗo oo e Agencyuuji ɗii e nder peeje ngam wallitde gollotooɓe laamu ɓee e golle Agencyuuji ɗii. 14. O mahii biro potɗo wonde e ministeer oo, hay so o jogaaki ɗum hade makko yahde, e oon sahaa kadi o rokki mbaydi mahdi ɓooyndi e nder ministeer oo, o moƴƴini ɗum. 15. O fuɗɗii koɗki mooliiɓe [[Naajeeriya]] to leydi [[Kamerun|Kameruun]], ɓe [[Boko haram|Boko Haram]] riiwti. O waɗi ɗum ko e ballondiral e ministeer geɗe caggal leydi e laamu [[Kamerun|Kameruun]]. == Golle politik == Caggal nde o woppi golle e hitaande 2010, Dambazau naati e politik, caggal ɗuum o naati e fedde wiyeteende APC. E woote gardagol leydi 2015, ko kanko ardinoo goomu kisal kampaañ APC. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://web.thecable.ng/exclusive-dambazau-lost-nsa-race|title=Exclusive: How Dambazau lost out in NSA race|date=2015-07-14|newspaper=[[TheCable]]|language=en-US|access-date=2020-04-28}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>Ko kanko woni jaagorgal keeringal mawngal to kanndidaa hooreejo leydi to bannge jokkondiral peeje, Diiso kampaañ hooreejo leydi (2023). Ko kanko woni sosɗo e hooreejo Tinubu 4 ''Good Governance'', ngam kampaañ hooreejo leydi 2023 E nder diiwaan [[Kano]] e fuɗnaange-rewo e nder leydi hee. O tergal,2024 Kawtal lesdi Ondo (ONDO-NGCC). == Fedde, Terɗe e Yiilirde == Fedde, Koldaa Konu Ngenndiijo<ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-05-28|title=We have turned ministry of interior around in 4 years dambazau|url=https://dailytrust.com/we-have-turned-ministry-of-interior-around-in-4-years-dambazau/|access-date=2019-05-28|newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Alumnus tedduɗo mo duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ''Defense National'', [[Naajeeriya]] ngam ƴellitaare golle<ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-05-28|title=We have turned ministry of interior around in 4 years dambazau|url=https://dailytrust.com/we-have-turned-ministry-of-interior-around-in-4-years-dambazau/|access-date=2019-05-28|newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Sosɗo e hooreejo, Yiilirde Ngenndiire, Fooyre ngam Ƴellitaare Sukaaɓe (VCAF)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-03-10|title=prison congestion port-harcourt prison accommodates 4204 inmates dambazau|url=https://globalpatriotnews.com/prison-congestion-port-harcourt-prison-accommodates-4204-inmates-dambazau/|access-date=2018-03-10|website=Global patriot news|language=en-US|archive-date=11 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311093327/http://globalpatriotnews.com/prison-congestion-port-harcourt-prison-accommodates-4204-inmates-dambazau/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Sosɗo e Hooreejo, Hooreejo Hooreejo, Fedde [[Naajeeriya]] Victimology Tergal, Fedde Adunaare Victimologie Tergal, Fedde winndereere ganndal bonanndeeji Fellow, Fedde ngam janngude e golloraade jam, Duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Ibadan]] Hooreejo gooto, Fedde Jam [[Afrik]], Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde dowla [[Kaliforni]], Sacramento, [[Amerik]] Yiilirde Ngenndiire toppitiinde jaŋde toownde, to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Ibadan]] Senior Fellow, Centre de la jam, demokaraasi e ƴellitaare, Duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Massachusetts, Boston, USA Direkteer, gardiiɗo polis winndereejo (IPES),New York ''Fellow'' Teddungal, Duɗal [[Najiriya|Najeriya]] jokkondiral hakkunde yimɓe Yimɓe leydi Georgia, to [[Amerik]] ''Fellow'', Duɗal Seedanteeje Njuɓɓudi njoɓdi [[Naajeeriya]] ''Post - Fellowship doctoral'', Duɗal Hiisawal Jaayndeeji ''Certified'' [[Naajeeriya]] Hooreejo, Goomu Kisal teeŋtungal,''Arewa'' Fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e ''Arewa'' == Darnde e Jaŋde Toownde == Winnditorde, Catal Janngirde, Janngirde Faggudu [[Naajeeriya]] (1993-199) 1994-1999, ko jannginoowo (Pro bono) e ganndal bonanndeeji, to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Ahmadu Bello]], to Zaria. Koolaaɗo kuuɓal, Pro-Chanceloe e hooreejo fedde laamu, Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde wuro laamorgo, [[Kano]] (2021 haa hannde) Porofesoor ko faati e bonanndeeji e kisal, to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ''Capital City'', [[Kano]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-05-17|title=ecowas security ministers to work with Nigeria and other members states to tackle regional security|url=https://old22.ecowas.int/?p=33719/|access-date=2019-05-17|website=old22.ecowas|language=en-US|archive-date=9 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709144428/https://old22.ecowas.int/?p=33719/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Koolol hakkunde leyɗeele e nokkuuji == Koolol polis 15ɓol hitaande kala, e tiitoonde mum ko "Polis mo alaa keeri, ina famɗi ceertugol hakkunde nokkuuji e winndere", Cincinnati, Ohio, [[Amerik]], 16 mee 2008. XV Kongres winndereejo fedde winndereyankoore ko faati e bonanndeeji, Barselona, ​​Espaañ, 20-25 sulyee 2008. Koolol hakkunde leyɗeele fedde winndereyankoore ganndal ñawu nguu, Mito, Ibraki, [[Japan|Japon]], ñalnde 23-28 ut 2009.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-01-31|title=Nigeria to commence repatriation of refugees from Cameroon|url=https://cameroonconcordnews.com/nigeria-to-commence-repatriation-of-refugees-from-cameroon/|access-date=2019-01-31|newspaper=Cameroon Concord News|language=en-US}}</ref> Koolol polis renndo winndere, batu keeriiɗo fedde polis hakkunde leyɗeele (IPES), Kochi, Kerala, Inndo, ñalnde 4 noowammbar 2010. Simposium hakkunde leyɗeele 14, Fedde Adunaare toppitiinde ko faati e majjere," Njuɓɓudi ngam majjere, ''Cross'' - Yiyngo e fitinaaji, baasal, e nanondiral," La Haye, Pays-Bas, 20-24, lewru mee 2012. Koolol winndereewol 19ɓol fedde winndereere toppitiinde ko fayti e bonanndeeji, [[Doha]], [[Katar]], ñalnde 28-30 oktoobar 2019. Jam e janngirde jam, Duɗal golle jam, Williamsburg, Virginia, [[Amerik]], 13 sulyee 2010. Koolol Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe toppitiinde ko fayti e mooliiɓe (UNHCR) ngam kaaldigal ngam reende diiwaanuuji e nder [[maayo Caad]], yuɓɓinaama to [[Abuja]], ñalnde 28-29 lewru Yarkomaa 2019. ''Seminar'' dowla [[Kaduna]] dow anndal kisal e anndal suudu nyaamdu, suudu Seneraal Hassan Usman [[Katsina]], [[Kaduna]], 26-28 mars 1996. Kuugal ngenndiwal ngam haɓugo bee nanta hukuumaaji pamari, haa nokkuure kawtal lesdi [[Abuja]] 20-22 lewru Mayru 1996. Koolol ngenndiwal ko faati e njuɓɓudi binnditagol e kabaruuji renndo, ñalnde 17 noowammbar 2016. ==Hiimoɓe== [[Category:Stub]] nxqgrjhtygkv6iwdwpzcjyops844nwt 0 4735 180906 178229 2026-08-04T22:37:33Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180906 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Mallam Aminu Kano''' HeɗorGCON<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://gazettes.africa/akn/ng/officialGazette/government-gazette/1982-10-01/50/eng@1982-10-01|title=Nigeria Government Gazette dated 1982-10-01 number 50|date=1982-10-01|language=en}}</ref> (9 [[lewru]] bowte hitaande alif 1920 — 17 [[lewru]] abriil hitaande alif 1983) ko dawriyanke, jannginoowo, yimoowo, binndoowo pijirlooji, e senndikaajo jeyaaɗo to [[Kano]]. Gooto nder yimɓe ɓurduɓe anndugo nder diidaaɗi ndimu lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] e taariiha siyaasaaku ɓaawo ndimu ndimu, o anndiraama ngam luulndaaki laamu lesdi [[Naajeeriya]], laamu laamiiɓe aadaaji, e soynde potal ummatoore nder woyla [[Naajeeriya]]. O woniino sosɗo Dental Ƴellitaare Elemenji Fuɗnaange (NEPU) caggal ɗuum o ardii lannda rimɗinde yimɓe (PRP), kamɓe ɗiɗo fof ko ɓe lanndaaji sosiyaalist en, daraniiɓe ndimaagu talakawa (''commons'') e nder leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]].<ref>{{Citation|last=Bennett|first=Eric|editor-first1=Henry Louis|editor-first2=Kwame Anthony|editor-last1=Gates|editor-last2=Appiah|title=Kano, Alhaji Aminu|date=2010|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Africa|url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780195337709.001.0001/acref-9780195337709-e-2167|access-date=2024-05-23|publisher=Oxford University Press|language=en|doi=10.1093/acref/9780195337709.001.0001|isbn=978-0-19-533770-9|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Reynolds|first=Jonathan T.|editor-first1=Emmanuel K.|editor-first2=Henry Louis|editor-last1=Akyeampong|editor-last2=Gates|chapter=Kano, Muhammad Aminu|date=2011-01-01|title=Dictionary of African Biography|chapter-url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780195382075.001.0001/acref-9780195382075-e-1016|access-date=2024-05-23|publisher=Oxford University Press|language=en|doi=10.1093/acref/9780195382075.001.0001|isbn=978-0-19-538207-5|chapter-url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name=":31">{{Citation|last1=Salau|first1=Mohammed Bashir|title=Aminu Kano|date=2024-01-30|encyclopedia=Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History|url=https://oxfordre.com/africanhistory/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.001.0001/acrefore-9780190277734-e-590|access-date=2024-02-17|language=en|doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.590|isbn=978-0-19-027773-4|last2=Oluokun|first2=Oyedele|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Eltantawi|first=Sarah|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/j.ctt1m3p0h2|title=Shari'ah on Trial: Northern Nigeria's Islamic Revolution|date=2017|publisher=University of California Press|edition=1|pages=29|doi=10.1525/j.ctt1m3p0h2}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Uwechue|first=Raph|title=Makers of Modern Africa (Second ed.)|publisher=Africa Books Limited|year=1991|isbn=0903274183|location=United Kingdom|pages=323–324}}</ref> Aminu fuɗɗorii golle mum ko jannginoowo, o yalti ko e ƴaañde laamu koloñaal Angalteer gila e fuɗɗoode, o luulndii aristokraasi jibinannde e yeeso yimɓe fof, o ñiŋii laamu koloñaal nguu, ngu woni ko e tooñde e huutoraade talakawa en. E hitaande 1948, o sosi Fedde Jannginooɓe Fuɗnaange, fedde gollotooɓe e Fuɗnaange [[Naajeeriya]], o wonti tergal sosngal Fedde Yimɓe Fuɗnaange (NPC), nde o woppi caggal ɗuum sabu jokkere enɗam mum. Ko o hooreejo NEPU gila 1953, o daranii sosiyaalisma demokaraasi, hakkeeji rewɓe, e doole talakawa, o yiɗi ko jokkondirde e kuule [[lislaam]] e nuunɗal renndo.<ref name=":312">{{Citation|last1=Salau|first1=Mohammed Bashir|title=Aminu Kano|date=2024-01-30|encyclopedia=Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History|url=https://oxfordre.com/africanhistory/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.001.0001/acrefore-9780190277734-e-590|access-date=2024-02-17|language=en|doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.590|isbn=978-0-19-027773-4|last2=Oluokun|first2=Oyedele|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name=":23">{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/literaturesinafr0000unse|title=Literatures in African languages : theoretical issues and sample surveys|date=1985|publisher=Cambridge; New York : Cambridge University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-521-25646-9|editor-last=Andrzejewski|editor-first=B. W.|pages=243|editor-last2=Piłaszewicz|editor-first2=S.|editor-last3=Tyloch|editor-first3=W.}}</ref> O huwi nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] diga hitaande 1959 nden o waɗi kuuɗe ministaajo nder wakkati sooje'en lesdi [[Naajeeriya]], nden o laati Komisinaajo lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] les laamu [[Yakubu Gowon]]. Ko o depitee parlemaa e nulaaɗo Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe, Aminu Kano ina wallitnoo dille ndimaagu e nder [[Afrik]], ina ƴellita politik caggal leydi mo aldaa e paltoor. O arti caggal mum e politik lannda e nder Republique ɗiɗaɓere, o woni kanndidaa hooreejo leydi PRP.<ref name=":314">{{Citation|last1=Salau|first1=Mohammed Bashir|title=Aminu Kano|date=2024-01-30|encyclopedia=Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History|url=https://oxfordre.com/africanhistory/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.001.0001/acrefore-9780190277734-e-590|access-date=2024-02-17|language=en|doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.590|isbn=978-0-19-027773-4|last2=Oluokun|first2=Oyedele|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name=":145">{{Cite book|last=Paden|first=John N.|url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicenterprise00ligh|title=Religion and political culture in Kano|date=1973|publisher=Berkeley, University of California Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-520-01738-2}}</ref> Aminu Kano, mo yimɓe ɗuuɗɓe ɗon laara bana waylugo gite, o acci limngal duumingal nder miijo siyaasaaku lesdi [[Naajeeriya]]. Juɓɓule inniraaɗe e teddungal makko ina njeyaa heen: Aeroport hakkunde leyɗeele Mallam Aminu Kano, opitaal jannginoowo Aminu Kano, e koleesuuji keewɗi e nokkuuji wiɗto. O limtaama nder baaba'en sosɓe lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] hannde, nden o ɗon mari maande ngam nuunɗal rento e kuuɗe ɗen.<ref name=":313">{{Citation|last1=Salau|first1=Mohammed Bashir|title=Aminu Kano|date=2024-01-30|encyclopedia=Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History|url=https://oxfordre.com/africanhistory/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.001.0001/acrefore-9780190277734-e-590|access-date=2024-02-17|language=en|doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.590|isbn=978-0-19-027773-4|last2=Oluokun|first2=Oyedele|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Paden|first=John N.|url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/browse/encyclopaedia-of-islam-3|title=Encyclopaedia of Islam: Aminu Kano|publisher=Brill Reference Online|editor-last=Fleet|editor-first=Kate|edition=3rd|access-date=1 February 2024}}</ref> ==Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗagol== Aminu Kano jibinaa ko e nder wuro Sudawa to Kano ñalnde 9 ut 1920 e Rakaiya e Mallam Yusufu mo Gyanawa, leñol Fulɓe anndiraaɓe e humpito mum en e sariyaaji lislaam.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Paden|first=John N.|url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/browse/encyclopaedia-of-islam-3|title=Encyclopaedia of Islam: Aminu Kano|publisher=Brill Reference Online|editor-last=Fleet|editor-first=Kate|edition=3rd|access-date=1 February 2024}}</ref><ref name=":14">{{Cite book|last=Paden|first=John N.|url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicenterprise00ligh|title=Religion and political culture in Kano|date=1973|publisher=Berkeley, University of California Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-520-01738-2}}</ref>: 274 E nder jibinannde yumma makko jeegom, ko kanko tan woni jibinannde Bo5 janngi no feewi e [[Lislaam]], baaba makko caggal mum woni mawɗo Alkali [[Kano]]. Neene makko rokkaama tiitoonde Fulani Modibbo, nde heewi wonde ko annduɓe lislaam tedduɓe.<ref name=":5">{{Cite book|last=Segal|first=Ronald|url=http://archive.org/details/politicalafricaw0000sega|title=political Africa : a who's who of personalities and parties|date=1961|publisher=New York : Praeger|others=Internet Archive|pages=122–123}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite book|last=Whitaker|first=C. S. (C Sylvester)|url=http://archive.org/details/politicsoftradit0000whit|title=The politics of tradition continuity and change in Northern Nigeria, 1946-1966|date=1970|publisher=Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-691-03079-1}}</ref>: 330 E wiyde aadaaji nokku oo, [[Usman dan Fodio]], sosɗo Kalifaandi [[Sokoto North|Sokoto]], kanko e hoore makko o toɗɗii banndiiko Aminos e jappeere chiefkali. Gila ndeen, Gyanawa en ina ɗaɓɓiree jogaade jappeere laamu ko wayi no alkaliiji , waliiji e muftiiji Leñol yumma Aminu kadi ina joginoo worɓe e rewɓe jannguɓe heewɓe, ummoriiɓe e teeminanɗe. Ko kamɓe ngoni Fulɓe egguɓe gila Kukawa e nder laamu Bornu, fayde [[Kano]].<ref name=":42">{{Cite book|last=Whitaker|first=C. S. (C Sylvester)|url=http://archive.org/details/politicsoftradit0000whit|title=The politics of tradition continuity and change in Northern Nigeria, 1946-1966|date=1970|publisher=Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-691-03079-1}}</ref>: 274 <ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 1:15 Ina jeyaa e maɓɓe mallam gooto, wonnooɗo wasiyaaji keertiiɗi to ''Emir'' [[Kano]] e oon sahaa, hono Sulimanu. Oo mallam ina joginoo hoore mum e reende e yeeyde ƴiye, o dañi innde Mallam Mai Tattabari (‘mallam jom ƴiye’). Ndee innde wonti tiitoonde laawɗunde e nder galle laamorɗo Kano, nde artiraa e lomtiiɓe mo, nde wonnoo ko Imaam en e wasiyaaji e sariyaaji lislaam.<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195382075_3|title=Dictionary of African biography|date=2012|publisher=Oxford; New York : Oxford University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-19-538207-5|editor-last=Akyeampong|editor-first=Emmanuel K.|pages=290|editor-last2=Jr.|editor-first2=Henry Louis Gates}}</ref><ref name=":43">{{Cite book|last=Whitaker|first=C. S. (C Sylvester)|url=http://archive.org/details/politicsoftradit0000whit|title=The politics of tradition continuity and change in Northern Nigeria, 1946-1966|date=1970|publisher=Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-691-03079-1}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite book|last=Sklar|first=Richard L.|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerianpolitica0000skla|title=Nigerian political parties : power in an emergent African nation|date=1983|publisher=New York : NOK Publishers International|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-88357-100-2}}</ref><ref name=":142">{{Cite book|last=Paden|first=John N.|url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicenterprise00ligh|title=Religion and political culture in Kano|date=1973|publisher=Berkeley, University of California Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-520-01738-2}}</ref>: 27 Nde o woni cukalel, Aminu fuɗɗii jaŋde makko ko e jannginooɓe makko adanɓe ko yumma makko e neene makko, kamɓe ɗiɗo fof ɓe njanngini mo ɗemngal Arab e no o janngirta Quraana.<ref name=":143">{{Cite book|last=Paden|first=John N.|url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicenterprise00ligh|title=Religion and political culture in Kano|date=1973|publisher=Berkeley, University of California Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-520-01738-2}}</ref>: 100 <ref>{{Citation|last=Gwadabe|first=Maude Rabi'u|title=Tarihin Malam Aminu Kano|date=25 December 2023|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AhsV76d9kco|access-date=2024-01-03|publisher=[[Media Trust|Aminiya Trust]]|language=ha}}</ref> Caggal nde yumma makko maayi e hitaande 1926,<ref name=":12">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref> o ummii e galle kaaw makko, o hoɗi e les galle kaaw makko ha ton. Ndeen noon, Halilu, kaaw makko mo caggal mum toɗɗaa ‘Mallam Mai Tattabari’, wonti kalfinaaɗo jaŋde makko Quraana.<ref name=":62">{{Cite book|last=Sklar|first=Richard L.|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerianpolitica0000skla|title=Nigerian political parties : power in an emergent African nation|date=1983|publisher=New York : NOK Publishers International|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-88357-100-2}}</ref>: 41–43 <ref name=":9">{{Cite journal|last=Jack|first=Homer A.|date=1959|title=Malam Aminu Kano: A Profile|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4184021|journal=Africa Today|volume=6|issue=4|pages=6–10|jstor=4184021|issn=0001-9887}}</ref>: 243 Aminu ɓeydii winnditaade e duɗal leslesal Shehuci, duɗal hirnaange Engele.<ref name=":13">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 276 <ref name=":2">{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/literaturesinafr0000unse|title=Literatures in African languages : theoretical issues and sample surveys|date=1985|publisher=Cambridge; New York : Cambridge University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-521-25646-9|editor-last=Andrzejewski|editor-first=B. W.|pages=243|editor-last2=Piłaszewicz|editor-first2=S.|editor-last3=Tyloch|editor-first3=W.}}</ref>: 243 O ƴetti innde nokku ɗo o jibinaa ɗoo, Kano, ko innde makko, ko ɗum huunde woowaande e nder jannguɓe hirnaange to Fuɗnaange [[Naajeeriya]] e oon sahaa.<ref name=":144">{{Cite book|last=Paden|first=John N.|url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicenterprise00ligh|title=Religion and political culture in Kano|date=1973|publisher=Berkeley, University of California Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-520-01738-2}}</ref>: 604 E hitaande 1933, Aminu fuɗɗii yahde duɗal hakkundeewal [[Kano]] (caggal ɗuum innitiraa ko duɗal Rumfa, [[Kano]]), duɗal gonngal hakkunde yimɓe. Ko ɗoon, e hitaande 1935, o ardii gooto e seppooji almudɓe gadani e nder leydi Nijeer ngam ŋakkeende saabunde, ŋakkeende nguura, "kuule keewɗe, e koɗki jikkuuji tiiɗɗi<ref name=":22">{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/literaturesinafr0000unse|title=Literatures in African languages : theoretical issues and sample surveys|date=1985|publisher=Cambridge; New York : Cambridge University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-521-25646-9|editor-last=Andrzejewski|editor-first=B. W.|pages=243|editor-last2=Piłaszewicz|editor-first2=S.|editor-last3=Tyloch|editor-first3=W.}}</ref>: 48–49 Ndeen o yahri to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kaduna (caggal ɗuum o wayli innde makko e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Barewa) ɗo o heɓi dipolomaaji to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Barewa 1942<ref>{{Cite book|last=Hempstone|first=Smith|url=http://archive.org/details/newafrica0000hemp|title=The new Africa|date=1961|publisher=London, Faber and Faber|others=Internet Archive}}</ref>: 276 [<ref name=":15">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 243 == Golle jannginde == Caggal nde o heɓi bak makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Kaduna]] e hitaande 1940, Aminu suɓii ko janngude ko fayti e sariya, wonaa rewde laawol banndiraaɓe makko ɓurɓe suɓaade jannginde. Ndeeɗoo suɓngo heewaani sabu ñaawirɗe sharia, ɓurɗe waawde huutoreede e ñaawirɗe paralel to [[Kano]] e nder juulɓe, njaɓaani awokaaji. Yanti heen, nafoore makko e janngude safaara to Angalteer, haɗi mo yahde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ''King’s College'' e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Yaba ''Higher College'', ɗiin ɗiɗi fof ko to [[Lagos]] to Fuɗnaange leydi Nijeer, fotde duuɓi seeɗa. Kono, sabu jiiɓru almudɓe jokki, gardiiɗo duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ''King’s College'' saliima jaɓde Aminu, ganndiraaɗo ardaade seppooji almudɓe. Aminu kadi etinooma naatde e konu e polis kono o saliima e ɗiɗo fof nde tawnoo omo yahra e duuɓi 5, ko ina tolnoo e 100 meeteer, ina famɗi no feewi. To duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kaduna, heewɓe ina njokki e wasiyaade mo yo o jokku golle jannginde kono ko jannginoowo makko ganndal, hono Doktoor R. E. Miller, addani mo ƴettude jannginde e nder golle makko.<ref name=":16">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 60 <ref name=":52">{{Cite book|last=Segal|first=Ronald|url=http://archive.org/details/politicalafricaw0000sega|title=political Africa : a who's who of personalities and parties|date=1961|publisher=New York : Praeger|others=Internet Archive|pages=122–123}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tate|first=Carolyn|date=1983|title=Review of Old Gods and Young Heroes: The Pearlman Collection of Maya Ceramics|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3335865|journal=African Arts|volume=16|issue=2|pages=86–88|doi=10.2307/3335865|jstor=3335865|issn=0001-9933|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name=":63">{{Cite book|last=Sklar|first=Richard L.|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerianpolitica0000skla|title=Nigerian political parties : power in an emergent African nation|date=1983|publisher=New York : NOK Publishers International|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-88357-100-2}}</ref>: 100 ko hujja Miller Ƴeew, miɗo wasiyoo ma nde naatataa e suudu janngirdu. Hare nde ina jokki, e Almaañnaaɓe ina njahra yeeso e kala fannu, ɗum wonaa huunde nde Hitler waawataa heɓtude leydi Nijeer e nder sahaa gooto. E nder ɗuum, aɗa sokli suuɗnde karallaagal, hol nokku ɓurɗo jannginde ? Ko wonaa cfuum, mi 6eydoto maa tan ko jannginoowo-e-heblo ganndal—gooto e gilli maa mawcfi, wonaa noon?<ref name=":17">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 61 <ref name=":64">{{Cite book|last=Sklar|first=Richard L.|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerianpolitica0000skla|title=Nigerian political parties : power in an emergent African nation|date=1983|publisher=New York : NOK Publishers International|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-88357-100-2}}</ref>: 100 E nder jaŋde makko jannginoowo, Aminu halfinaama gure keewɗe ngam waɗde golle janngingol. E hitaande makko ɗiɗmere, o waɗii lebbi joy gooto e maɓɓe fof to [[Bauchi]] e Zaria e lebbi ɗiɗi goɗɗi "njillu duɗe to bannge worgo". Ko e hitaande makko sakkitiinde e heblo makko e hitaande 1942, miijooji makko politik radikaluuji ɓuuɓɗi peeñi. O fuɗɗii winndude e jaayɗe e jaayndeeji seeɗa gonɗi e oon sahaa, ko wayi no ''Gaskiya Ta Fi Kwabo'' e ''Pilot'' [[Afrik]] worgo, o ƴelliti nafoore mawnde e politik. Ko e ndee hitaande kadi o winndi deftere makko wiyeteende ‘[[Kano]] les martolin otokaraasi native’, nde o winndi e laamu ''native''.<ref name=":147">{{Cite book|last=Paden|first=John N.|url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicenterprise00ligh|title=Religion and political culture in Kano|date=1973|publisher=Berkeley, University of California Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-520-01738-2}}</ref>: 277 <ref name=":19">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 69–70 Hakkunde joofnirde dumunna makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Kaduna]], o hawri e [[Sa'adu Zungur]], potnooɗo "waɗde batte e miijo Aminu no feewi".<ref name=":146">{{Cite book|last=Paden|first=John N.|url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicenterprise00ligh|title=Religion and political culture in Kano|date=1973|publisher=Berkeley, University of California Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-520-01738-2}}</ref>: 72 <ref name=":44">{{Cite book|last=Whitaker|first=C. S. (C Sylvester)|url=http://archive.org/details/politicsoftradit0000whit|title=The politics of tradition continuity and change in Northern Nigeria, 1946-1966|date=1970|publisher=Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-691-03079-1}}</ref>: 329 Zungur, ɓurɗo Aminu mawnude e ardiiɗo politik radikal e nder Duɗal Pharma . Aminu ina heewi yeewtidde juutnde e Zungur, ina heewi yillaade galle makko caggal jaŋde. Anndugol maɓɓe fuɗɗii ko e hitaande 1935 nde Zungur yilliima [[Kano]], o acci heen miijo duumotoongo e Aminu e miijooji makko radikal e yahrude yeeso. Aminu jokki jokkondirde e Zungur haa ɓe kawri e Zaria.<ref name=":18">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 72 === Bauchi === Nde o timmini jaŋde makko jannginoowo, Aminu ummiima [[Diiwal Bauchi|Bauchi]], o ƴetti golle jannginoowo tokooso to duɗal hakkundeewal [[Diiwal Bauchi|Bauchi]].<ref name=":53">{{Cite book|last=Segal|first=Ronald|url=http://archive.org/details/politicalafricaw0000sega|title=political Africa : a who's who of personalities and parties|date=1961|publisher=New York : Praeger|others=Internet Archive|pages=122–123}}</ref> Gollodiiɓe makko e duɗal ngal ko [[Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]] e Yahaya Gusau. Jokkondiral Aminu e Balewa, mo ɓaawo man laati hooreejo lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] tan, fuɗɗi wakkati ɓe ɗon janngina haa Bauchi. Ko e oon sahaa Balewa rokki mo innde ‘Molotov’, innde Vyacheslav Molotov, hooreejo dowla Sowiyetik. Zungur kadi ummiima [[Diiwal Bauchi|Bauchi]] e oon sahaa, caggal nde o arti wuro makko sabu rafi ɓuuɓɗo mo o heɓi to Zaria.<ref name=":54">{{Cite book|last=Segal|first=Ronald|url=http://archive.org/details/politicalafricaw0000sega|title=political Africa : a who's who of personalities and parties|date=1961|publisher=New York : Praeger|others=Internet Archive|pages=122–123}}</ref>: 84–85 Aminu ina teddiniree no feewi e nder almuɓɓe duɗal ngal. Ɓe keewi hawrude ko e galle makko caggal waktuuji jaŋde ngam yeewtidde e golle goɗɗe ɗe ngonaa jaŋde. O yuɓɓinta sahaa e sahaa fof pijirlooji e kollirɗe ngam almuɓɓe, sahaa e sahaa fof omo huutoroo golle [[Abubakar Imam|Abubakar Imaam]]. Ngam ɓeydude heen jaŋde makko, o waɗii almuɓɓe makko jime e jimɗi. O woniino kadi e nder renndooji janngooɓe ceertuɗi ko wayi no dingiral, jeewte, e ganndal.<ref name=":110">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 85–86 Jokkondiral makko e almuɓɓe e miijooji makko cemmbinɗi, addani mo waasde yiɗde njuɓɓudi duɗal ngal e jannginooɓe woɗɓe. Heen sahaa gooto, fedde almudɓe ndee fof waɗii seppo sabu geɗe bayɗe no ŋakkeende uniformeeji e kaɓirɗe, ŋakkeende kaalis poos, e ŋakkeende nguura. Almuudo gooto mo yalti, suka hooreejo mo woni miñi Balewa, woni kaaloowo maɓɓe. Almuɓɓe mawɓe ɓee, ina jeyaa e maɓɓe [[Sule Katagum]], ina ardoo almuɓɓe woɗɓe ɓee feewde [[Maiduguri]]. Emir [[Bauchi]] e jannginooɓe heewɓe nanngi ɓe, ina njiɗi haaldude, kono almuɓɓe ɓee ina cemmbina haaldude e Aminu tan. Caggal ɗuum, Aminu ari e Yahya Gusau, o « holliti ɓe wonde wullitaango maɓɓe maa heɓ weeyo no haanirta nii » o wiyi ɓe yo ɓe ngartu e cuuɗi maɓɓe. Caggal wiɗto wullitaango ngoo, ngo laaɓtinaama, ɗum addani lomtinande hooreejo duɗal ngal Balewa, "mo feewni bonanndeeji gonɗi ko adii ɗii".<ref name=":111">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 86 === Dental ɓamtaare mawngal Bauchi === E hitaande 1943, Aminu, e wondude e Zungur, Balewa e Gusau, sosi Dental Moƴƴingol [[Bauchi]] (BGIU), ɗo ɓe mbaɗi jeewte ngam ñiŋde politik koloñaal Angalteer e laamu ɓiɗɓe leydi ndii.<ref name=":65">{{Cite book|last=Sklar|first=Richard L.|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerianpolitica0000skla|title=Nigerian political parties : power in an emergent African nation|date=1983|publisher=New York : NOK Publishers International|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-88357-100-2}}</ref><ref name=":24">{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/literaturesinafr0000unse|title=Literatures in African languages : theoretical issues and sample surveys|date=1985|publisher=Cambridge; New York : Cambridge University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-521-25646-9|editor-last=Andrzejewski|editor-first=B. W.|pages=243|editor-last2=Piłaszewicz|editor-first2=S.|editor-last3=Tyloch|editor-first3=W.}}</ref>:<ref>{{Cite book|last=Awa|first=Eme O.|title=Federal Government in Nigeria|url=https://archive.org/details/federalgovernmen0000awae|publisher=University of California Press|year=1964|location=Berkeley and Los Angeles|pages=[https://archive.org/details/federalgovernmen0000awae/page/99 99]}}</ref> 100 tawi Zungur ina joginoo batte nannduɗe e Zanguria, ina gasa tawa ko fedde nde yuɓɓini ɗum e hitaande 1943 Dental ɓamtaare mawnde e nder diiwanuuji worgo (NPGIU).<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|last1=Al-Sadique|first1=Abubakar Sufyan|last2=Ahmed|first2=Abubakar|date=2021-09-25|title=Bauchi Discussion Circle: The Circle of Northern Nigerian Politics and Nigeria's Independence {{!}} Wikkitimes|url=https://wikkitimes.com/bauchi-discussion-circle-the-circle-of-northern-nigerian-politics-and-nigerias-independence/|access-date=2023-12-23|language=en-US}}</ref> Aminu e Zungur mbinndi ɓataakeeji e binndanɗe ngam haɓaade politik ‘''directed labour''’ Angalteer, mo ɓe njiyri ko no mbaydi njulaagu mbaylaandi. Nde Angalteer ɗaɓɓi nguura, tinndinoore, e soldateeɓe heewɓe ngam wolde adunaare ɗiɗmere, laamuuji koloñaal en mbaɗti tiiɗnaade e laamuuji leydi ndii ngam ‘’dartina’’ keewal nguura e doole yimɓe. Biritaniya huutoriima no feewi doole kisal ɗe ndarnaaka e nder Fuɗnaange [[Naajeeriya]] ngam wallitde konu mum caggal musiibaaji konu mum to Fuɗnaange ɓadiiɗo e hitaande 1942.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ekoko|first=A. E.|date=1982|title=Conscript Labour and Tin Mining in Nigeria During the Second World War|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41857118|journal=Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria|volume=11|issue=3/4|pages=66–85|jstor=41857118|issn=0018-2540}}</ref> Gooto e binndanɗe Aminu ɗe siynaaka, ko mawɗo diiwaan oo, hono A J Knott, e nder ''Pilot'' [[Afrik]] worgo janngi ɗum, o rewi heen haa BGIU. Ndee yiytunde addani dental ngal fusde, lomtinaa ngal e fedde yeewtere [[Diiwal Bauchi|Bauchi]] (BDC) walla ''Majalisar Tadi'' ta [[Bauchi]], nde laamuuji koloñaal toppitii. BDC sosaa ko no lowre sankitiinde ngam jeewte udditiiɗe, tawa ina hawra e ‘kala miijooji’.<ref name=":112">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 89 <ref name=":66">{{Cite book|last=Sklar|first=Richard L.|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerianpolitica0000skla|title=Nigerian political parties : power in an emergent African nation|date=1983|publisher=New York : NOK Publishers International|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-88357-100-2}}</ref>: 89 <ref name=":72">{{Cite web|last1=Al-Sadique|first1=Abubakar Sufyan|last2=Ahmed|first2=Abubakar|date=2021-09-25|title=Bauchi Discussion Circle: The Circle of Northern Nigerian Politics and Nigeria's Independence {{!}} Wikkitimes|url=https://wikkitimes.com/bauchi-discussion-circle-the-circle-of-northern-nigerian-politics-and-nigerias-independence/|access-date=2023-12-23|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":73">{{Cite web|last1=Al-Sadique|first1=Abubakar Sufyan|last2=Ahmed|first2=Abubakar|date=2021-09-25|title=Bauchi Discussion Circle: The Circle of Northern Nigerian Politics and Nigeria's Independence {{!}} Wikkitimes|url=https://wikkitimes.com/bauchi-discussion-circle-the-circle-of-northern-nigerian-politics-and-nigerias-independence/|access-date=2023-12-23|language=en-US}}</ref>: 423 === Bauchi Yeewtere Cirkel === BDC waɗii jeewte yontere kala, ina noddira yimɓe heewɓe ko wayi no ardiiɓe departemaaji, njuɓɓudi laamu, yeeyooɓe e jannginooɓe. Limre tawtoraaɓe ɓee ɓurii Limre Dental Bauchi ''General Improvement Union'' (BGIU) ɓennungal ngal, ngal dañii moƳƳere ɓurnde welde e rokkude kuulal laamu nguu. Aminu, hono binndoowo, ko kañum halfinaa neldude noddaango e suɓaade toɓɓe ɗe yeewtetee. Ɗeen toɓɓe yeewtaaɗe ko ɓamtaare faggudu, demokaraasi, safaara, hare e diine. Nde toɓɓere ndee woni ndimaagu jaayndeeji, Aminu e Zungur teeŋtinii luural e nder politik Angalteer, ɓe mbiyi wonde bannge gooto ɓe ndartinii e ɓe ñaawii e nder keeri daande tan ko jeyaaɓe e amiir en, bannge goɗɗo oo, ɓe cemmbinii e yeeso yimɓe fof miijo e eɓɓoore jeytaare.<ref name=":113">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 89 E nder yeewtere jowitiinde e njiimaandi ndi alaa ɗo haaɗi, o wiyi wonde « ndi wuuri ko e faandaare nde ndi fotnoo waɗde » e wonde ndi « njuɓɓudi laamu koloñaal ɓurndi huutoraade ndi aduna o meeɗaa anndude ».<ref name=":114">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 90 <ref name=":67">{{Cite book|last=Sklar|first=Richard L.|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerianpolitica0000skla|title=Nigerian political parties : power in an emergent African nation|date=1983|publisher=New York : NOK Publishers International|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-88357-100-2}}</ref>: 100: e Capha emiraaji mum mbayliima wonti njuɓɓudi ndi Shehu Usman dan Fodio, sosɗo ɗum oo, anniyaaki. Aminu wi'i limngal kaliifa'en ɗon mari haaje tuugaago dow nafuuda naa dow jibinannde, nden boo laamu otokaraasi ɗon luura bee janngirde [[Annabi Lislaama Muhammadu]] e Shehu. Balewa, nde tawnoo ko kañum ɓuri Aminu ɓuuɓde, ina daranii no feewi njuɓɓudi laamu ndi alaa ɗo haaɗi, ina wiya wonde jogaade sariya e deeƴre ina foti wonde huunde himmunde ngam tabitinde tuugnorgal ɗo peeje yiɗaaɗe mbaawi waɗeede e dow mum. Zungur, leeso e nder jonnde ndee, e jaabtaade Balewa, winndi hujjaaji mum e nder ɓataake mo Aminu yettini e dingiral yeewtere ndee e nder jonnde aroore ndee. E nder ndeeɗoo ɓataake, o semmbini hujjaaji Aminu ɗii, o ɓeydi heen seeɗa e hujjaaji makko.<ref name=":151">{{Cite book |last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 90 O wiyi Balewa yo ƴeewto no o dañiri "miijo bonngo" ngam daɗndude laamu nguu, o ɓeydi heen : Suɓagol elite gutter mum [''Native Authority''] waɗaaka e dow hakkille walla e mbaawka, kono ko e salaade tan yiɗde ɓiyleydi laaɓtundi. Terɗe fedde laamuyankoore ina njogii wellitaare desperadoes ngam njulaagu, alaa ko ŋakki so wonaa kala ko dañi.<ref name=":150">{{Cite book |last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 90 E nder batu goɗɗo, Aminu naamndii Ofisee Knott : « Hol ko woni njoɓdi amiir ? Knott jaabtii wonde ɗum fawii ko e tolno golle makko e teddeendi golle makko. Ndeen Aminu hollitii wonde hay so tawii ina famɗi doosɗe e golle so yerondiraama e Emir Bauchi, Lamido Adamawa ina heɓa njoɓdi ɓurndi heewde. Caggal ngool mbayliigu, batu nguu joofi ko ɗoon e ɗoon. Ɓooytaani, Knott habri wonde BDC ina joofna, o wiyi wonde jeewte ɗee ina ‘njippii e laawol’.<ref name=":141">{{Cite book |last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 91 <ref name=":8">{{Cite book |last=Barber|first=Karin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7n2-fYwvtKIC|title=Africa's Hidden Histories: Everyday Literacy and Making the Self|date=2006|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=978-0-253-34729-9|language=en}}</ref>: 423 === Nokku renndo Bauchi === Ngam lomtaade BDC, Aminu e Zungur cosi fedde politik woɗnde, hono nokku renndo Bauchi. Puɗɗagol fotde 20 tergal, batu maɓɓe gadano waɗi ko to defterdu Native Authority, sara galle amiir. E nder ndeeɗoo batu, tawi ina wondi e polis, Balewa ɓadtiima ɓe e ɗaɓɓaande amiir oo, wiyi ɓe yo ɓe ndartu sabu « denndaangal senndikaaji (juɓɓule) ina kaɗaa ». Zungur ndeen wiyi mo yo o haalan amiir oo wonde ɓe njahataa fusde. Caggal nde Balewa yahi, ɓe pelliti yettinde ɓataake to mawɗo politik ngam humpitaade ko waɗi koo, ɓe mbiyi amiir oo ina tooña hakkeeji maɓɓe.<ref name=":140">{{Cite book |last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 91–92 Balɗe tati caggal ɗuum, terɗe fedde ndee noddaama ngam jokkondirde e amiir oo. Amiir oo salii yamirde yo ɓe ndartu, o wiyi o haɗii ɓe tan huutoraade « masiŋaaji binndol e gollorɗe defterdu Native Authority ». Hay so Balewa wulliima wonde o yettinii konngol ngol o rokkaa ngol no haanirta nii, Zungur ina heppi huutoraade ngalɗoo luural, haala kaa jokkaani haa jooni, fedde ndee jaɓii kuulal ngal amiir oo ƴetti ngal. Caggal ɗuum seeɗa, mawɗo gooto ina wiyee Mallam Waziri, rokki ɓe huutoraade suudu makko ndu alaa ɗo haaɗi ngam waɗde batuuji, so tawii ko kamɓe njuɓɓini ɗum. Ɓe kawri kaalis maɓɓe ɓe ndarni ɗum.<ref name=":139">{{Cite book |last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 93 Ɓooytaani, laamu Angalteer rokki Aminu gooto e bursiiji jeeɗiɗi ngam janngude to Angalteer fuɗɗoraade lewru suwee 1946, ko o... jaɓaama.<ref name=":1419">{{Cite book |last=Paden|first=John N.|url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicenterprise00ligh|title=Religion and political culture in Kano|date=1973|publisher=Berkeley, University of California Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-520-01738-2}}</ref>: 276 <ref name=":1420">{{Cite book |last=Paden|first=John N.|url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicenterprise00ligh|title=Religion and political culture in Kano|date=1973|publisher=Berkeley, University of California Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-520-01738-2}}</ref>: 97 <ref name=":93">{{Cite journal |last=Jack|first=Homer A.|date=1959|title=Malam Aminu Kano: A Profile|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4184021|journal=Africa Today|volume=6|issue=4|pages=6–10|jstor=4184021|issn=0001-9887}}</ref><ref name=":102">{{Cite book |last=Imam|first=Abubakar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yawsAAAAIAAJ|title=The Abubakar Imam Memoirs|date=1989|publisher=NNPC|isbn=978-978-169-308-3|language=en}}</ref>: 154 === Londres === E nder duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde to Londres, Aminu naatii e golle yimɓe hono Harold Laski, George Bernard Shaw, e Karl Mannheim, ɓe janngirɗe mum en ngoni « iwdi miijooji Aminu keewɗi e renndo aadee moƴƴo ». O jokkondiri e yimɓe e pelle keewɗe bannge nano to Londres, ina jeyaa heen lannda Sosiyaalist Labour, Fedde Sosiyaalist janngooɓe, e Sosiyaalist sukaaɓe, o hawri e sehilaaɓe e won e terɗe parlemaa bannge nano e "ardiiɓe toowɓe" pelle kominist kadi.[39]25 ko ɗum addani ardiiɓe politik gollotooɓe e oon sahaa, ko wayi no Aneurin Bevan e Fenner Brockway Caggal nde o feeñnini ɗeen miijooji e batte, Aminu etinooma hawrude e filosofiiji politik adanɗi rewooɓe Farayse e Amerik e sosiyaalisma Shavian Fabian e janngirɗe Usman dan Fodio, tawi fof ko e les njiimaandi miijooji radikal Sa’adu Zungur. O seedtii kadi ñalngu nguu e nder hareeji jeytaare leydi Indiya e leydi Pakistaan ​​rewrude e almudɓe ummoriiɓe leyɗeele ɗiɗi ɗee kala. Aminu, e wondude e almudɓe ummoriiɓe e leyɗeele koloniiji Biritaan en ceertuɗe, jaɓɓiima Ali Jinnah e Jawaharlal Nehru, ardiiɓe dille jeytaare Pakistaan ​​e Inndo, e nder njillu maɓɓe to Londres e hitaande 1947. Ɗee geɗe ina gasa tawa ko ɗe addani mo yiɗde sifaa hare Gandhi.[10]:02]1 E nder jaŋde makko, Aminu jannginii e duɗe leslese nokku oo, o waɗii jonte e nder ladde Galles, o woniino koɗo fedde Young Farmers’ Club. Ngam yoɓde njillu makko ngu o fotnoo waɗde e nder laddeeji Angalteer, o ƴetti golle firo ɗemngal Hausa e nder sosiyetee jaayndeeji Angalteer (BBC). Ko o sikkaano, o noddaama ngam wonde nulaaɗo to Jamboree Boy Scout winndereejo to Rosny, addani mo yahde Orop e njoɓdi ustaandi. Ko adii nde o yahata Farayse, denndaangal fedde « boy scout » yilliima galle laamorɗo Buckingham. Aminu ɗon hulna yi'ugo laamiiɗo e laamiiɗo debbo ɗon yewta e ɗon hawta bee sukaaɓe ɓen ko ɗum feerootiri masin bee no laamu lesdi Biritaniya ɗon mari haaje haa lesdi Naajeeriya. Ndee luural addi mo miijo, o firti ɗum ko maande ŋakkere laamu koloñaal jogorngu arde.[10]: 102–103 [14] === Fedde jannginooɓe worgo === E lewru marse 1948,[27] nde o woni e janngude haa jooni to Londres, Aminu sosi Fedde Wellitaare Jannginooɓe Fuɗnaange (caggal ɗuum Fedde Jannginooɓe Fuɗnaange), fedde adannde e nder diiwaan hee e senngo gollotooɓe e nder Fuɗnaange Nijeer,[8]: 276 [28][29]: along the otherers from Sali 169 [30]: 66 Senngo ngo ina jokki e haalde ko fayti e geɗe bayɗe no hakkeeji e wellitaare jannginooɓe, ceergal hakkunde diine e wellitaare jannginooɓe e Fuɗnaange e bus moƴƴo sy jannginooɓe nder Duɗe Misiyon Kirista'en ngam nastugo nder kawtal.[10]: 101-102 [12]: 91 [31]: 258 Senngo ngoo mawnii no feewi, ina joginoo fotde 200 tergal e lewru mum adanndu[32] e 25 cazeele e nder hitaande mum adannde, caggal mum ina jogii batte e nder pelle ngenndiije diiwaan oo, garnooze caggal mum.[29]: 41 te [33]: 356 jokki golle e nder worgo Naajeeriya haa is kawtal bee kawtal jannginooɓe Naajeeriya, kawtal jannginooɓe ɓurdungal mawnugo nder fombina Naajeeriya, nder hitaande 1972.[34]: 260 === Hoto ngartu e Bauchi === Nde o timmini jaŋde makko e hitaande 1948, Aminu arti Bauchi ngam fuɗɗaade golle makko janngingol to duɗal hakkundeewal Bauchi. Lebbi seeɗa caggal ɗuum o artiraa to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde jannginooɓe Bauchi.[10]: 110 E nder oon sahaa, Sir John MacPherson, guwerneer keso toɗɗaaɗo leydi Najeriya, ina jokki e waɗde njillu e nder diiwaan hee. O fotnoo ko njillu e gure mawɗe Fuɗnaange, kono o yaltini Bauchi. Aminu e Zungur cikkatnoo ko ndeeɗoo feere ko huunde nde Guwerneer oo e wasiyaaji mum mbaɗi ngam haɗde haɓaade radikal en wuro ngoo e doggol ɗaɓɓaande mum en e wullitaango mum en. Ɓe ɗiɗo fof ɓe ɓadtii Emir Bauchi, ɓe kolliti mo peeje laamu nguu ngam haɗde domen makko, ɓe mbiyi ko sabu baasal duɗe Bauchi, laabi e faggudu. Ɓe keɓii faamnude mo yo ɓe njaɓ yuɓɓinde seppo mawngo ngam salaade ko Guwerneer oo waɗi koo. Ndee ɗoo hiirde mawnde, nde woni ko adii fof e nder Fuɗnaange leydi Nijeer, hawri ko e ujunere neɗɗo.[10]: 110–111 Aminu, e oon sahaa ko jannginoowo tokooso haa jooni, noddaama to Kaduna ngam hawritde e A J Knott (ofisiyee diiwaan yuɓɓinnooɗo BDC e hitaande 1943), jooni ko hooreejo laamu nguu, e Sir MacPherson. E nder ndeeɗoo batu, guwerneer oo, e wiyde Aminu, ina wiyee : A hollitii wonde aɗa sikki min njiɗi ko jogaade Fuɗnaange caggal, Fuɗnaange e Fuɗnaange peccii—aɗa yiɗi min njaha mbele leydi maa ina heɓa jeytaare. Aan ko a gorko ummoriiɗo e galle Kano teeŋtuɗo, suka, keewɗo ruuhu, kono aɗa foti anndude wonde min njiɗaa haɗde waylooji e haɗde leydi ndii yahrude yeeso.[10]: 115 Knott jokki e humpitaade Aminu wonde ɓe ngoni ko e waɗde hakkillaaji maɓɓe e ƴattooje makko e laamu nguu, o wiyi "min njiɗii no feewi worɓe hono maa, ardiiɓe leydi maa". Ɓe ndokki mo darnde nde addanta mo ƴeewtaade e tawtoreede "taƴre kaalis laamu" walla hay so tawii ko gardiiɗo jaaynde Gaskiya Ta Fi Kwabo. Caggal nde o arti Bauchi, Aminu, caggal nde o ƴeewtindii ɗeen ɗaɓɓaande, o yeewtidi e Zungur e woɗɓe, o wiyi wonde ɗeen ɗaɓɓaande ko etaade laamu nguu ustude golle maɓɓe daraniiɗe jojjanɗe aadee. Ndeen noon, Aminu salii ɗaɓɓaande ndee, o humpitii Knott e MacPherson wonde o ɓuri yiɗde ko heddaade e jannginoowo.[12]: 101 O salii kadi caggal ɗuum golle jannginoowo e ɗemngal Hausa to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Oxford.[10]: 115–119 Kono, lebbi seeɗa caggal ɗuum, e nder golle maɓɓe jokkuɗe ngam sarde radikal en Bauchi, laamu Angalteer artiri Aminu to Maru to Sokoto, toɗɗii mo hooreejo duɗal jannginooɓe kesal mahaaɗo.[10]: 116 [35]: 72 === Sokotoo === Sokoto wonnoo ko laamorgo Kalifaandi Sokoto e teeminannde 19ɓiire, sosaa ko e jihaadi Usmaan dan Fodio. Kalifaajo man ɗon mari ko ɓuri ɗuuɗugo nder Fuunaange lesdi Naajeeriya nden ko ɓuri ɗuuɗugo nder amiir'en ɗon mari haaje hokkugo Sultan Sokoto.[36] Caggal nde Angalteer koloni dowla oo e nder fuɗɗoode teeminannde 20ɓiire, Sokoto wonti diiwaan, darnde Sultan ustii ; amiiruuji keddiiɗi ɗii njaabtiima laamu Angalteer, nattii jaabtaade Sultan. Kono tan, nde jokki e wonde nokku ɗo laamu aadaaji e diineeji ngoni e nder diiwaan hee. Ndeen noon, nde hiisaama ko taƴre ɓurnde ɓuuɓde e Fuɗnaange ɓuuɓnde no feewi.[10]: 118 Maru (jooni ko Maru, diiwaan Zamfara), wuro e nder diiwaan hee, ina joginoo 8 256 neɗɗo e hitaande 1964.[37] Ina laaɓi wonde yahdu Aminu e Maru wonaa tan ngam woɗɗinde mo e Zungur kono kadi ngam seerndude mo e haɗde mo golle makko. Nde o ari, o etiima sosde dingiral yeewtere kono yimɓe jannguɓe ina pamɗi e sara makko kadi wuro mawngo ɓurngo ɓadaade Maru ina woɗɗi 35 kiloomeeteer, "dow laabi kulɓiniiɗi, ɗi ngalaa ɗo kaaɗi". Sultan oo, hono Siddiq Abubakar III, ina ƴeewndotoo mo kadi, hono no Aminu yiytiri ɗum caggal ɗuum nii. O anndi mawɗo mo o hokkata sadakaaji wakkati fuu, o ɗonno ƴama Sultan nder asaweeje ɗuuɗɗe nder jooɗorde maako haa Maru.[10]: 118–120 E nder dumunna mo o woni e Maru oo fof, Aminu tawi ko e nder hareeji ɗi o meeɗaa waɗde e Sultan. Fuɗɗorii ko nde Aminu riiwti Yan Labari, walla ƴoƴɓe Sultan, caggal nde o ari. Caggal mum, o neldi ɓataake wullitaango feewde e laamuuji Angalteer, o wiyi wonde kaalis potɗo huutoreede ngam remooɓe ɓee, ɓe leydi mum en huutortee ngam waɗde duɗal ngal, yettaaki ɓe.[12]: 101 Luural goɗngal ummii ko nde Aminu e Abubakar Gumi, gollodiiɗo Grander ca Aminust mo worgo Nijeer e al later Feere Qadiriyya-Tijaniyya nder diiwal ngal nde ɓe haɗi almudɓe maɓɓe yahdugo juulde Jumaare ngam haala wuutugo imaam. E wiyde ɗiɗo ɓee, liimam Maru ina waɗa tayammum, ko huunde nde rewnaaka so ndiyam potɗam wuɗde ina famɗi, hay so tawii noon ndiyam ina ŋakki e Maru. Komisiyoŋ wiɗto mo Sultan oo sosi, yaltinii Gumi, o wiyi Sultan oo yo o waɗ heen hoore makko e nder Maru ngam dartinde golle tayammum. Ko fayti e wasiyaaji komisiyoŋ oo, Sultan salii ɗooftaade ɗum, salii riiwtude Limaam oo.[10]: 120–127 [38] Oon sahaa, Aminu ina renndini jokkondire moƴƴe e Ahmadu Bello, Sardauna Sokoto, joginooɗo luural e Sultan. Nde ñaawirde Sultan ñaawi Bello sabu mum bonnude njoɓdi jangali (‘joɓdi jawdi’) e hitaande 1943, Aminu rokki feccere mawnde e njoɓdi jannginoowo Bauchi mum e kaalis defansiyoŋ Bello. Nde Aminu woni jooni e Maru, Bello yi’i mo ko no sehil potɗo haɓtaade Sultan. Bello ina heewi yillaade Aminu to Maru, e nder njillu Aminu to Sokoto ngam waɗde batu doosgal leydi, o jooɗii ko e galle Bello. E nder ooɗoo sahaa, Sultan oo noddii Aminu noddaango keeriiɗo, ina gasa tawa ina ɗaɓɓa nanondiral. O ɗaɓɓiri batu 2ɓo subaka, kono nde o anndi Aminu haalanii Bello ndee noddaango, Sultan oo mettini heen no feewi, o woppi batu nguu.[10]: 124–125 === Koolol yimɓe Fuɗnaange === Sabu nafooje senngo jannginooɓe Aminu, worɓe jannguɓe woɗɓe teskinaaɓe e nder diiwaan hee ɓadtiima mo ko fayti e sosde fedde nanndunde e ndee. E nder darorɗe hitaande 1948, pelle ceertuɗe to Zaria, Kaduna e Bauchi kawri ngam sosde Jam’iyyar Mutanen Arewa walla Fedde Yimɓe Fuɗnaange (NPC). E lewru suwee 1949, batu udditgol fedde ndee yuɓɓinaama to otel Green’s to Kaduna, fotde 500 neɗɗo tawtoraama. Terɗe sosɗe ɗee ko Dr. R. A. B. Dikko, Yahaya Gusau, Abubakar Imam (rewtinoowo Gaskiya Ta Fi Kwabo), Yuusuf Maitama Sule, Aliyu Mai Bornu, Aminu Kano, Isa Wali (ɓiɗɗo mawniiko Aminu) e Sa’adu Zungur, mo wonnoo koolaaɗo kuuɓal fedde NC Ca Naajeeriya wakkati.[10]: 111 [33]: 358 [39]: 75 E batu mum gadano e lewru desaambar 1949, ardiiɓe kongres oo, hono Dikko e Gusau, kollitii wonde kongres oo yiɗaa foolde laamu koloñaal e aristokraasi, tee : Jam'iyyar anniyaaki ƴettude laamu laamɓe men Natural; ko wonaa ɗuum koo, ko yiɗde amen tiiɗnde ɓeydude ngalɗoo laamu kala nde waawi wonde e kala ɗo waawi wonde. Eɗen njiɗi wallude laamɓe men Natural e nder golle mum en no haanirta nii...Eɗen njiɗi wallude ɓe e yaynaade Talakawa [yimɓe ɓooyɓe].[33]: 358 [39]: 75 Ofisee diiwaan gooto, gardinooɗo Hoɗɓe Kano, jeertinii tawtoraaɓe ɓee wonde ɓe mbaawataa addude peeje ɗe ɓe njiɗi tan so ɓe njaltii "seese e hakkille" e wonde "neɗɗo ina foti janngude yahde hade mum dogde". Aminu jaabiima e naamnaade mo yo o humpit mawɓe makko wonde : So en njahii koyɗe en njahrataa ko, en ndogat. Kadi so en njippiima, en ƴettat koye men, en ndoga kadi. Kono maande, min njahataa e koyɗe. Aɗa waawi wiyde min njaha e gelooɗi, walla puccu, kono hay min njuppataa e oto mo min njaha e laana ndiwoowa. Kadi Biritaan en ina poti haɗde en suɓaade laabi men yah-ngartaa, hay so tawii noon ko yaawi.[10]: 121–122 [12]: 93 Laamɓe Fuɗnaange heewɓe, ko wayi no Sultan, Amir Kano e Amir Zaria, njaɓii ngool jikku ‘harmless’ e ‘deferential’ kongres oo. Kono tan, terɗe tokoose hono Maitama, Aminu, e Zungur ina cikkatnoo wonde kongres oo ina yaaji no feewi e emiiruuji ɗii e laamuuji Angalteer ɗii fof, ina teeŋtina haaju mum e peewnugol politik to Fuɗnaange. E joofnirde e lewru ut 1950, won e terɗe NPC radikal en to Kano sosi Dental Jamiyar Neman Sawaba, lannda politik gadano bayyinaango e nder Fuɗnaange Nijeer.[12]: 94 NEPU ina joginoo semmbe e Zungur, radikal en peeñɗi Fedde.[33]: 359 Ɓe njoginoo ballal Aminu, mo waawaano naatde e lannda ka e oon sahaa nde tawnoo omo gollina laamu haa jooni, o waawaano naatde e lannda politik e peeñcu.[10]: 123 [12]: 94 === Deƴƴere === Aminu rokki ɓataake mum deƴƴere ñalnde 16 oktoobar 1950, o ummii Maru haa laaɓi ñalnde 4 noowammbar e ndeen hitaande. Sheek Usmaan Bida, mo Aminu wonnoo e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kaduna, e Sule Katagum, Wazirin Katagum, kamɓe ɗiɗo fof ɓe cikki ko o doole ngam woppude laamu. Kanko Aminu, o miijotonoo ko ndeeɗoo feere gila e lewru abriil ndeen hitaande. Nde cukko hooreejo jaŋde to bannge worgo jeertini mo wonde o toɗɗaaka so o jokkii e golle makko politik, Aminu winndi e nder deftere makko, "Ko noon ne kadi, ko ɗuum woni caɗeele makko. Miin ko mi woppu golle haa hitaande aroore."[10]: 129 Winndannde nde Aminu winndi, ina hollita sabaabu mum deƴƴere, yaltinaa e jaaynde wiyeteende Daily Comet ñalnde 11 noowammbar 1950 : Mi woppii golle sabu mi saliima goongɗinde wonde ndii leydi ko kasoo e nder laamuuji Angalteer-Fulani—mi woppii golle sabu miɗo wondi e miijo wonde laamuuji ngenndiiji ɗii ... ina njogii yaakaare no feewi e safrude caɗeele men jaŋde, renndo, faggudu, politik walla hay diine—My hared stay in England and my all above... jojjanɗe aadee ɗe aduna o haɓata e fasisma—mi hulɓinaama laabi ɗiɗi e ƴiye ɗe ngalaa yurmeende... tawi ko saraaji ɗii fof ina njuɓɓina fenaande, laamu bonngu, bluff politik, maccuɗaagu les garb goɗɗo, nepotism ɓuuɓɗo, tippudi, baasal...retention mo alaa ko nafata e faggudu canmedkei e...exploration faggudu muñan ɗee geɗe sabu uurngol mum en bonngol...miɗo hebli noddireede kala innde. Noddu am koyɗol walla noddu am rewolison; noddu am kulɓiniiɗo walla kala ko oo laamu imperiyaalisma yiɗi. Mi yi’i annoore e dow ŋoral toowngal, miɗo anniya yahde e nder taarik mum timmuɗo, tawa ko miin tan walla e kala jiɗɗo yahdude e am. E ɓeeɗoo suppitooɓe leñol men, mbiɗo wiya ɗum nii: Look Out! Afrik ko mawɗo ɗaaniiɗo nattii! O woni tan ko e diwde e ŋoral...?"[10]: 129-130 [26]: 243 [25]: 541 == Golle politik == === Ko adii jeytaare (1950—1959) === Nepotism, baasal e nder njuumri mum, ñawu, maccungaagu e les njiimaandi goɗɗo, tooñannge e majjere nde alaa hersa, ina keewi no feewi no waynoo ko adii gargol imperiyaalisma e nder teeminannde 19ɓiire. Ƴellitaare walla toɗɗagol worɓe ɓe nganndaa janngude, sukaaɓe walla ɓaleeɓe, e jappeere laamu toownde ko heewi ko ngam aksidaa jibinannde tan walla ngam « ɓadtaade naafigaagal » wonaa tan ngam ittude ɓesngu nguu hakkillaaji mum en e eɓɓooji mum en kono kadi ko seede hollirde wonde ndeeɗoo otokaraasi yuɓɓo ko replica native premedilam to the British momtude. — E nder ƴeewndo Aminu e hitaande 1953, Dr. Walter Miller winndi "Mbele en ŋakkiraama e nder leydi Najeriya?" Caggal nde o woppi laamu, Aminu arti Kano, o naati e lannda « ''Northern Elements Progressive Union'' » (NEPU) e dow laawol.<ref name=":69">{{Cite book |last=Sklar|first=Richard L.|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerianpolitica0000skla|title=Nigerian political parties : power in an emergent African nation|date=1983|publisher=New York : NOK Publishers International|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-88357-100-2}}</ref>: 101 Paandaale lannda ka cifaaɗe ɗee ina njeyaa heen « ndimaagu ''talakawa'' » (yimɓe) rewrude e « peewnugol politik e nder laamuuji otokaraasi hannde ɗii ». E nder batu ɗiɗaɓuru hitaandeejo Kongres Leƴƴi Fuɗnaange (NPC) e lewru desaambar 1950, kuulal NEPU, ngal Aminu winndi, noddii nde NPC bayyinaa wonde "lannda politik ngenndiyaŋke laaɓtuɗo".<ref name=":610">{{Cite book |last=Sklar|first=Richard L.|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerianpolitica0000skla|title=Nigerian political parties : power in an emergent African nation|date=1983|publisher=New York : NOK Publishers International|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-88357-100-2}}</ref>: 95 ''It became political up to party, It became political up to party'' demokaraasi leydi ndii.<ref name=":45">{{Cite book |last=Whitaker|first=C. S. (C Sylvester)|url=http://archive.org/details/politicsoftradit0000whit|title=The politics of tradition continuity and change in Northern Nigeria, 1946-1966|date=1970|publisher=Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-691-03079-1}}</ref>: 359–360 Kono tan, amiiruuji doole e "won e ofiseeji njuɓɓudi" ina njiyri NPC ko fedde jogiinde miijooji radikal kulɓiniiɗi. Kuutoragol terɗe terɗe moƳƳere e konservatiif ummii, e kulol wonde NPC, so yiytaama no radikal nii, ina waawi haɓaade ngam wonde lannda ɓurɗo mawnude e nder Fuɗnaange. Terɗe NPC keewɗe ina ndartini yaltude e fedde nde so tawii terɗe NEPU ɗee njaltinaaka.<ref name=":611">{{Cite book |last=Sklar|first=Richard L.|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerianpolitica0000skla|title=Nigerian political parties : power in an emergent African nation|date=1983|publisher=New York : NOK Publishers International|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-88357-100-2}}</ref>: 95–96 [[Shehu Shagari]], hono hooreejo fedde NPC nde sukaaɓe [[Sokoto]], hokkaama yamiroore ngam salaade kala ɗaɓɓaande Aminu e Zungur ngam heɓde darnde ardorde e nder batu Jos NPC mo hitaande 1950. Shagari, e laawol mum feewde batu nguu, hawri e Aminu e Zungur e nder oto, humpitii ɓe ndeeɗoo yamiroore. O wiyi wonde Aminu, nde nani ɗum, o hirjinii mo « huutoraade mandat mo ndokkaa-mi oo » o hollitii mo kadi jokkude sehilaagal maɓɓe e teddungal maɓɓe.<ref name=":307">{{Cite book |last=Shagari|first=Shehu Usman Aliyu|url=http://archive.org/details/shehushagaribeck0000shag|title=Shehu Shagari : Beckoned To Serve : an autobiography|date=2001|publisher=Nigeria : Heinemann ed. books (Nigeria) plc|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-978-129-932-2|author-link=Shehu Shagari}}</ref>: 68–69 <ref name=":286">{{Cite book |last=Auwalu|first=Anwar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WYurDwAAQBAJ|title=Politics as Dashed Hopes in Nigeria|date=2019-08-23|publisher=Safari Books Ltd|isbn=978-978-55986-5-0|language=en}}</ref>: 25 Ko ɗum waɗi, NEPC, ƴettuɗo hoore mum, yalti e N lannda.<ref name=":138">{{Cite book |last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 140-141 <ref name=":287">{{Cite book |last=Auwalu|first=Anwar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WYurDwAAQBAJ|title=Politics as Dashed Hopes in Nigeria|date=2019-08-23|publisher=Safari Books Ltd|isbn=978-978-55986-5-0|language=en}}</ref>: 25-33 [[File:Aminu Kano and Bello Ijumu (1956).jpg|thumb|Aminu e [[Bello Ijumu]] mo Kongres hakkundeejo dentuɗo ko adii wooteeji mawɗi 1956.]] Aminu tawtoraama daawal wooteeji gadani e wooteeji parlemaa gadani e [[lewru]] suwee 1951 ngam suɓaade suudu sarɗiiji to bannge worgo. Lannda makko, NEPU, heɓi nafoore e 12 e nder 26 jooɗorɗe dokkaaɗe ngam wuro [[Kano]], ɓuri lanndaaji tati keddiiɗi ɗii, ina heen ardiiɓe njuɓɓudi laamu leydi ndii, tawi ko kam en fof njogii jooɗorɗe jeegom.<ref name=":612">{{Cite book |last=Sklar|first=Richard L.|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerianpolitica0000skla|title=Nigerian political parties : power in an emergent African nation|date=1983|publisher=New York : NOK Publishers International|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-88357-100-2}}</ref>: 30 <ref name=":20">{{Cite book |last=Post|first=K. W. J.|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerianfederale0000post|title=The Nigerian Federal election of 1959 : politics and administration in a developing political system. --|date=1963|publisher=[London] : Published for the Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research, Oxford University Press|others=Internet Archive}}</ref>: 74 kanndidaaji cakkitiiɗi ɗi kolees to gese suudu sarɗiiji rewrude e woote sirlu. Ɗeeɗoo koleesuuji, tawi ina mbaɗi pelle tokoose, heen gooto fof waɗii teemedde keewɗe woote walla ko ɓuri ɗum.<ref name=":613">{{Cite book |last=Sklar|first=Richard L.|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerianpolitica0000skla|title=Nigerian political parties : power in an emergent African nation|date=1983|publisher=New York : NOK Publishers International|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-88357-100-2}}</ref>: 29 Hay so tawii NEPU ina joginoo nafoore e daawal gadanal ngal, Aminu ina famɗi no feewi e golle woote cakkitiiɗe ɗee, heɓi 16 woote e nder 68 woote, tee hay gooto e NEPU secuɓe e nder 68 woote Asammbele, wonnoo ko kolees woote wonande suudu sarɗiiji. Terɗe NEPU nayi, puɗɗiiɗe heɓde nafoore e daawal hakkundeewal, tawi ina kaɓa e kanndidaaji ɗi ɓe keɓi ko adii ɗuum, ummoriiɗi e laamu leydi ndii e nder daawal gadanal ngal.<ref name=":614">{{Cite book |last=Sklar|first=Richard L.|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerianpolitica0000skla|title=Nigerian political parties : power in an emergent African nation|date=1983|publisher=New York : NOK Publishers International|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-88357-100-2}}</ref>: 30 <ref name=":202">{{Cite book |last=Post|first=K. W. J.|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerianfederale0000post|title=The Nigerian Federal election of 1959 : politics and administration in a developing political system. --|date=1963|publisher=[London] : Published for the Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research, Oxford University Press|others=Internet Archive}}</ref>: 74 Sabu batte wooteeji ɗii, ko ɗum woni ko Biritaannaaɓe njiyri wonde laamu Biritaannaaɓe e laamu nguu njuɓɓudi woote ɓurndi welde e laamu ngenndi,<ref name=":615">{{Cite book |last=Sklar|first=Richard L.|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerianpolitica0000skla|title=Nigerian political parties : power in an emergent African nation|date=1983|publisher=New York : NOK Publishers International|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-88357-100-2}}</ref>: 30 <ref name=":92">{{Cite journal |last=Jack|first=Homer A.|date=1959|title=Malam Aminu Kano: A Profile|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4184021|journal=Africa Today|volume=6|issue=4|pages=6–10|jstor=4184021|issn=0001-9887}}</ref><ref name=":21">{{Cite book |last=Yahaya|first=A. D.|url=http://archive.org/details/nativeauthoritys00yaha|title=The native authority system in northern Nigeria, 1950-70 : a study in political relations with particular reference to the Zaria native authority|date=1980|publisher=Zaria, Nigeria : Dept. of Political Science, Ahmadu Bello University|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-978-125-014-9}}</ref>: 78–79 e "ko heewi e terɗe cuɓaaɗe ɗee ngonti daraniiɓe nafooje mum". wonde Aminu dañii woote ɗee nde tawnoo "ina waawi ittude heen mettere e nder njuɓɓudi Aminu" e wonde "[Fuɗnaange Nijeer] ina haani denndaangal worɓe waawɓe mooftude, e mbaawka Aminu alaa ko waawi naamneede".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sharwood Smith|first=Bryan|url=http://archive.org/details/recollectionsofb0000shar|title=Recollections of British administration in the Cameroons and Northern Nigeria, 1921-1957: But always as friends|date=1969|publisher=Durham, N.C., Duke University Press|others=Internet Archive}}</ref>: 225 Seppo mawngo "15,000 NExtayer souls [PU] yuɓɓinaa keeɓal. Lannda kaa yuɓɓinii wooteeji njuɓɓudi ngam hollitde wonde wooteeji toowɗi ina mbaawi waɗeede e nder njuɓɓudi. NEPU dañii dañde kaalis keewɗo ngam neldude Aminu to Angalteer « ngam ñaawde haala mum en yeeso Parlemaa Angalteer e yimɓe fof ». E ballal [[Thomas Hodgkin]] e John Collins, Aminu dañii hawrude e terɗe suudu sarɗiiji, depiteeji Fabian, e jaagorgal leydi Angalteer. Laamu ''Native Authority'' jaabtii ɗum e ƴattaade e uddude terɗe NEPU e nder [[Kano]], teeŋti noon e ƴattaade Gambo Sawaba, daraniiɗo hakkeeji rewɓe, gardiiɗo fedde rewɓe NEPU. NPC, hannde woni lannda politik ɓurɗo mawnude e nder Fuɗnaange, huutoriima kadi ‘fedde jom en hakkillaaji en’, ɓe nganndu-ɗaa ko Yan Mahaukata (‘yimɓe majjuɓe’) walla Jam’iyyar Mahaukata (‘Lanndaaji majjuɓe’), ngam ustude terɗe lanndaaji politik goɗɗi to Kano, haa teeŋti noon e terɗe NEPU. Gaagaa sosde fedde wiyeteende ''Positive Action Wing'' (PAW) ngam haɓaade ɗeen bonanndeeji, won terɗe parlemaa Angalteer, ko wayi no Fenner Brockway, mbaɗti tiiɗnaade e laamu koloñaal ngam haɗde golle bonɗe ɗee. PAW fusi haa jooni e hitaande 1954 nde wonnoo ko kañum ɓuri Yan Mahaukata doolnude. Sabu darnde makko toownde e nder lannda kaa, Aminu ina reeni no feewi e fitinaaji ɓalli ɗi terɗe NEPU keddiiɗe ɗee mbaɗata.[48]: 137 Kono Aminu ina joginoo nanngugol keewngol e juuɗe laamu leydi ndii. Teskaama e nder kampaañ woote fedde ndee e hitaande 1954, o ñaawaa laabi ɗiɗi. Arano oo, ko ngam fiyde lefol NEPU e dow oto makko to wuro Kano—golle ɗe aadaaji mum en mbaɗata ko Emir Kano e hoɗɓe e leydi Angalteer. Ɗiɗaɓere, ngam yaltinde binndanɗe ɗe o tuumaa ko ‘anniya fenaande’, ɗum addani mo balɗe tati kasoo wonande gadano oo, e njoɓdi £50 wonande ɗiɗaɓo oo.[12]: 364 [49]: 91 E nder haala goɗɗa, o tuumaama e bidsee, fedde Kamairu e fedde mallasi. Tuumeede ndee ina tuugnii e miijo wonde ɓoornaade butoŋ Sawaba mo terɗe NEPU mbaɗi oo, ko huunde nde wonaa lislaam, tee NEPU ina tuumaa ina gollondira e Kerecee’en ngam haɓaade ardiiɓe diineeji Fuɗnaange. E wondude e wasiyaaji makko Danladi e Lawan Dambazau, Aminu feeñii e yeeso diiso Emir to Kano ngam ƴeewtaade ɗeen tuume. E fawaade e teddeendi tuume ɗee, kanko e wasiyaaji cifaaɗi ɗii « mbaɗii wujjude neɗɗo jogorɗo maayde (rites cakkitiiɗi) ». E nder batu nguu, Aminu hollitii wonde diiso amiir oo wonaa renndo jeewte, yeewtere ndee ina foti waɗeede heen seeɗa, caggal ɗuum haalanee amiir oo. Ɗum nanondiraama, batu ɗiɗaɓo yuɓɓinaama. E nder ndee ɗoo kawral ɗiɗaɓal, Aminu wiyi wonde kawtal NEPU e Kawtal ngenndiwal Naajeeriya e Kameruun (NCNC) wonaa ko luutndii janngirɗe lislaam sabu hay Muhammadu meeɗii waɗde kawtal defannde e yahuud en saraaji Madiina. O wiyi kadi ko ɓooyaani koo, kanko Emir Kano, o jokkondirii e inɗeele Igbo Kerecee'en ngam golloraade Juulirde mawnde Kano e kitaale 1950. To bannge butoŋ Sawaba, Aminu naamndii so tawii kadi ko ɗum huunde nde wonaa lislaam nde won e amiiruuji ɓoornii medal « Ordre britannique de Saint-George ». Haa jooni nanondiral waɗii, terɗe NEPU ina mbaawi ɓoornaade tan ko baaji lannda e nder seppooji mawɗi.[10]: 149–151 Aminu suɓaama hooreejo NEPU e batu tataɓo hitaande 1953, o lomtii Abba Maikwaru. Hitaande fawtii heen, lannda ka waɗi kawtal e Diiso ngenndiijo leydi Nijeer e leydi Kameruun (NCNC) mo Nnamdi Azikiwe. E nder wooteeji diiwaan 1956, Aminu ina haɓa e diiwaan Kano Fuɗnaange. O fooli woote ɗe Ahmadu Dantata, gooto nder Naajeeriya'en ɓurduɓe alɗugo, ronooɓe laamu filu Dantata.[9]: 333 Suɓol ngol, ngol waɗaama dow ko laarani suɓol worɓe yoɓooɓe ceede, ngol timmini bee Dantata heɓugo woote 2,119 dow Aminu 776. [12]: 328 haa 329 [50]. Suɓol mawngol leydi Naajeeriya ngol hitaande 1959 waɗii huunde mawnde, sibu ko ngol woni wooteeji gadani ɗi wooteeji laaɓtuɗi mbaɗata e kala diiwaan. Aminu, gonɗo e les njiimaandi NEPU-NCNC, kadi ƴaañii e wooteeji Kano Fuɗnaange, o heɓi 60,4% e wooteeji ɗii, o heɓi jooɗorde e nder suudu sarɗiiji leydi ndii.[12]: 374 [35]: 370 E nder suudu sarɗiiji leydi ndii, o toɗɗaama e nder suudu sarɗiiji leydi ndii Hooreejo Goomu Alliance ngam geɗe caggal leydi e ina wiyee o saliima toɗɗagol jaagorde nde tawnoo o miijii ko <nowiki>''</nowiki>ina fotnoo<nowiki>''</nowiki> jaɓde jappeere "jogiinde teddungal e doole" tawi fotde 2 000 neɗɗo ina ngondi e lannda makko e nder... kasoo.[10]: 187 [12]: 374 [51]: 630 === Republiik gadano (1960-1966) === Ƴeew kadi: Republiik Najeriya gadano Ko o depitee, Aminu ƴetti hakkille mum e geɗe ngenndiije e winndereyankooje jowitiiɗe e leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] keso ndi, tawi omo jokki e faandaare makko mawnde, hono rimɗinde talakawa. E nder suudu nduu, o hollitii laabi keewɗi ngam wallitde e yaawnude golle leydi ndii ngam haɓaade koloñaal. To bannge politik caggal leydi Nijeer, Aminu ko daraniiɗo pan-[[Afrik]], o wiyi wonde Nijeer ina foti wonde "base hare ngam haɓaade njiimaandi ɓaleeɓe".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Aluko|first=Olajide|url=http://archive.org/details/essaysonnigerian0000aluk|title=Essays on Nigerian foreign policy|date=1981|publisher=London; Boston : Allen & Unwin|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-04-327062-2|pages=125}}</ref> O tiiɗnii e tiiɗnaare ngam [[Naajeeriya]] ɓeyda ballal mum e golle haɓaade apartaayd e nder [[Afrik]] worgo, o hirjinii kadi jokkude golle [[Naajeeriya]] ngam artirde "jam e ndimaagu e nder leydi [[Konngo]]".<ref name=":135">{{Cite book |last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 188 <ref>{{Cite journal |date=1960|title=House of Representatives Debates Official Report Vol. II (Session 1960-61), 19th -23rd, 25th - 29th April, 2nd May 1960|url=https://ir.nilds.gov.ng/handle/123456789/885|journal=House of Representative Parliamentary Debates|language=en|publisher=[[National Institute for Legislative Studies|National Institute for Legislative and Democratic Studies]]|author=Federation of Nigeria}}</ref><ref name=":232">{{Cite journal |date=1961|title=House of Representative Parliamentary Debates First Parliament Second Session 1961-1962, Vol. I|url=https://ir.nilds.gov.ng/handle/123456789/895|journal=House of Representative Parliamentary Debates|language=en|publisher=[[National Institute for Legislative Studies|National Institute for Legislative and Democratic Studies]]|author=Federation of Nigeria}}</ref><ref name=":242">{{Cite journal |date=1962|title=House of Representative Parliamentary Debates First Parliament Third Session 1962-1963, Vol. II|url=https://ir.nilds.gov.ng/handle/123456789/913|journal=House of Representative Parliamentary Debates|language=en|publisher=[[National Institute for Legislative Studies|National Institute for Legislative and Democratic Studies]]|author=Federation of Nigeria}}</ref> Toɗɗaama hooreejo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] (ONU) Balewa, gonnooɗo gollodiiɗo makko ummoriiɗo [[Diiwal Bauchi|Bauchi]], Aminu ina famɗi radikal so en ƴeewtindiima golle makko nokkuyankooje. E nder laamu makko to Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe, haa teeŋti noon e geɗe winndereyankooje, o jokkondirii e « ƴellitaare e jeertinaande ». Ko o pan-[[Afrik|Afriknaajo]] cemmbinɗo, o daraniima darnde nde aldaa e paltoor ngam Nijeer, o goongɗini sabaabu ‘dipolomasi mo aldaa e paltoor’.<ref name=":136">{{Cite book |last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 189–191 <ref>{{Cite book |first=Claude S.|last=Phillips, Jr|url=http://archive.org/details/developmentofnig0000clau|title=the development of nigerian foreign policy|date=1964|publisher=northwestern university press|others=Internet Archive}}</ref>: 29–31 E nder laamu Aminu e nder suudu sarɗiiji to [[Lagos]], njuɓɓudi NEPU ɓeydiima saɗtude. E fuɗɗoode hitaande 1961, [[Joseph Tarka]], hooreejo fedde wiyeteende “Congrès du Moyen Belt” (UMBC), ƴetti konngol ngam waɗde nanondiral hakkunde NEPU e lannda mum ngam sosde fedde tiiɗnde ngam haɓaade NPC to Fuɗnaange. Kono sarɗi oo ko yo NEPU wallit faandaare UMBC sosde dowla keeriiɗo mo ''Middle Belt''. So tawii Aminu yiyii nafooje potɗe heɓde e kawtal ngal, o saliima sabu jokkondiral UMBC e fedde ''Action Group'' (AG). O firti eɓɓaande ndee ko eɓɓoore nde AG waɗi ngam taƴde jokkondiral NCNC e NEPU, luulndo maɓ ɓe ɓurngo mawnude to bannge worgo. Hay so tawii won terɗe NEPU ina luulndii ɗum, eɓɓaande UMBC ndee heɓiino weltaare, tee jaɓgol Aminu ngol ina jokkondiri e ñiŋooje. Ko NEPU waɗi e wooteeji 1961 ngam suɓaade suudu sarɗiiji leydi ndii, ɗo ɓe keɓi jooɗorde wootere tan, ɓeydi heen ŋakkeende kisal nder lannda kaa.<ref name=":137">{{Cite book |last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 196 <ref name=":68">{{Cite book |last=Sklar|first=Richard L.|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerianpolitica0000skla|title=Nigerian political parties : power in an emergent African nation|date=1983|publisher=New York : NOK Publishers International|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-88357-100-2}}</ref>: 421 <ref name=":262">{{Cite book |last=Dudley|first=Billy J.|url=http://archive.org/details/partiespoliticsi0000dudl|title=Parties and politics in northern Nigeria|date=1968|publisher=London : Cass|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-7146-1658-2}}</ref>: 183 de6poer Laamu diiwaan oo ko ''Emir'' [[Kano]]. Aminu tuumi [[Ahmadu Bello]], hooreejo lesdi [[Naajeeriya]], hooreejo NPC, woni ɓaawo limngal limngal. O renndini postooji e propagandeeji ƴettuɗi ko nanndi e luural daartol hakkunde [[Sokoto]] e Kano. Sanusi lomtii ko [[Muhammadu Inuwa]] mawɗo, jokkondirɗo e Aminu. Waɗooɓe Sanusi mbaɗi lannda yimɓe [[Kano]] (KPP), ngam yiɗde gartugol makko walla ɓiyiiko Ado Sanusi ƴetta laamu. KPP hawri e NEPU, hay so tawii noon alaa ko woni e mum so wonaa artirde Sanusi. NPC, ngam etaade hisnude ballal to Kano, noddii ballal mum yo salmin ''Emir'' keso oo. Caggal nde wallidiiɓe NEPU ndartinaa e batu nguu, ɓe njuɓɓini batu ɓurngu mawnude ñalnde heen, tawi ko 35 000 neɗɗo tawtoraama, ɗo Amir jaɓɓii ɓe no moƴƴi. Inuwa maayi ñalnde heen caggal ndeeɗoo kawral, Bello, ngam haɗde jiiɓru ɓeydaade, toɗɗii [[Ado Bayero]], miñiiko Sanusi, ammbasadeer leydi Nijeer to Senegaal, ngam lomtaade mo. Deƴƴere Sanusi ndee waɗii batte keewɗe e ballal NEPU to Kano, ɓeydi kadi jiiɓru hakkunde [[Kano]] e Sokoto, haa teeŋti noon e nder banndiraaɓe suufiyankooɓe [[Tijjaniyyah|Tijanniyya]] e [[Qadriyya]]. Hay so tawii Aminu heddiima e kala banndiraagal suufiyanke, o faami nafoore maɓɓe e nder Fuɗnaange [[Naajeeriya]], o huutorii luural ngal ngam yahrude yeeso nafooje NEPU. E nder kampaañiji wooteeji Fedde nde 1964, Aminu yilliima Sheek [[Ibrahim Niass]], hooreejo Tijanni mawɗo, to Kaolack ko ɗum waɗi fotooje Aminu ina keɓa barkeeji e Sheek ina cirƴa to Fuɗnaange [[Naajeeriya]]: 182, 10: 200-206, 57: 290, 170-183 [[File:Premier of Nigeria Sir Ahmadu Bello far right leaving the Atomic Museum Oak Ridge (7196110822).jpg|thumb|Sarkin Kano Muhammad Sanusi I (M) e Sir Ahmadu Bello (R) ina njalta suudu defte atomik to Oak Ridge, Amerik (1960)]] === 1964 Woote kuuɓtodinɗe === Ƴeew kadi: Fiilde hooreejo leydi Nijeer e hitaande 1964 Caggal nde UMBC joofni jokkondiral mum e Fedde Golle, NEPU e UMBC cosi Fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e ƴellitaare worgo (NPF), tawi faandaare mum ko « feccude diiwaan worgo gooto, ngam rokkude daande laaɓtunde pelle ɓurɗe famɗude ». KPP e pelle tokoose goɗɗe naati e NPF, ina ɗaminii sosde dowla [[Kano]] keeriiɗo, keeriiɗo. Nde leydi ndii ɓadtii woote, diiwanuuji tati ɗii fof ina njogii jiiɓru mawndu e tuumeede fenaande. To [[Kano]], Aminu, hooreejo NEPU, hawri e ''[[Ibrahim Gashash]]'', hooreejo lannda NPC, ngam ustude fitinaaji potɗi waɗeede e nanondiral e njuɓɓudi wooteeji. Gashash jaɓii waawnude ardiiɓe lannda mum ngam haɗde hareeji ƴiiƴam "kono fof alaa ko nafi". Ñalnde 28 desaambar, balɗe ɗiɗi tan ko adii woote ɗee, hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Azikiwe, wiyi gardiiɗo jaagorɗe leydi ndii, hono Balewa, yo jokku woote ɗee fotde lebbi jeegom sabu ɓeydagol jiiɓru, o ɗaɓɓiri kadi ƴeewndo ONU. Balewa salii ɗaɓɓaande ndee, wiyi ko ɗum yalti e mbaawka makko. Hooreejo Komisariyaa Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe, tawi naamnaaki terɗe goɗɗe, kadi woppii ɗum. Ko ɗum addani tato e nder jeegom terɗe komisiyoŋ oo woppude golle. Tooñanngeeji ɗi njiy-ɗen ɗii e fenaande tuumaande ndee ina addana kanndidaaji e lanndaaji keewɗi ustude woote ɗee, ɗum noon ko njeñtudi ‘lopsided’. Aminu dañii diiwaan mum to Kano Fuɗnaange e kanndidaa NPC, [[Mahmud Dantata]], ɓiy [[Alhassan Ɗantata|Alhassan Dantata]] e gonnooɗo tergal NEPU, Dantata heɓi 1 700 woote e Aminu 690 e nder 40 000 wootooɓe potɓe suɓaade.<ref name=":1417">{{Cite book |last=Paden|first=John N.|url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicenterprise00ligh|title=Religion and political culture in Kano|date=1973|publisher=Berkeley, University of California Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-520-01738-2}}</ref>: 312:<ref name=":132">{{Cite book |last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref> Caggal woote ɗee, Aminu e goomu gollordu hakkundeejo NEPU yuɓɓinii batu ngam restrategize. "Deftere daneere dow caɗeele siyaasaaku ɗe lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] ɗon mari" winndaama ngam hollugo, nde ɗon laara darnde NEPU nden ɗon hokka limngal njuɓɓudi. Ndeeɗoo batu ko mawnde e nder daartol lannda kaa, tawi ko depiteeji ummoriiɗi e teemedde cafrirɗe e nder Fuɗnaange fof tawtoraama. Ina jeyaa e toɓɓe yeewtaaɗe ɗee, mbaawka hawrude e denndaangal lanndaaji politik luulndo to bannge worgo, sosde « lannda ngenndiijo kuuɓtodinɗo », sosde dowlaaji kesi, sosde ballal bursi. Koolol ngol kadi addani Diɗɗal Dowla [[Kano]] (KSM) fuɗɗaade, tawi ina waɗi NEPU, KPP, e won e terɗe NPC luulndiiɗe laamu. Ñalnde 14 abriil 1965, batu mawngu yuɓɓinaama ngam udditde KSM, tawi ko gooto e jamaanu ɓurngu mawnude e daartol politik Fuɗnaange Nijeer. Ahmadu Trader, sehil Aminu ɓooyɗo, toɗɗaama hooreejo leydi ndi gadano, Aminu woni jaagorgal mum to bannge politik.<ref name=":133">{{Cite book |last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 213–215 Faandaare KSM adannde ko sosde dowla [[Kano]] ceertuɗo.<ref name=":1418">{{Cite book |last=Paden|first=John N.|url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicenterprise00ligh|title=Religion and political culture in Kano|date=1973|publisher=Berkeley, University of California Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-520-01738-2}}</ref>: 271 E hitaande 1965, gardiiɗo jaagorɗe leydi ndii hono Balewa toɗɗii Aminu yo won nulaaɗo Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe. Aminu woni wakiiliijo lesdi Naajeeriya haa kawtal lesɗe duuniyaaru dow filu e ɓamtaare nder hitaande 1965. Nde o arti e golle ONU, ñalnde 6 lewru bowte hitaande 1966, Aminu ummii Lagos fayde Kano ngam tawtoreede batu NEPU, ɗo yeewtere laabi restrategie jokki. Nde o ari Kano, Aminu humpitaama rewrude e [[Abubakar Gumi]], mawɗo Khadi (Mawɗo Ñaawirde) diiwaan Fuɗnaange e gonnooɗo gollodiiɗo Aminu to Maru, ko fayti e batu sirlu ngu [[Ahmadu Bello]] yuɓɓini, gonnooɗo e oon sahaa to Makka. Joɗnde ndee fotnoo ko waɗde hakkunde maɓɓe tato, nde fotnoo ko ñalnde 16 lewru bowte hitaande 1966. Kono, ko adii nde joɗnde ndee waɗata, Bello waraa ko ñalnde 15 lewru bowte hitaande 1966. So tawii anniyaaji Bello e batu nguu ina keddii e laaɓde sabu maayde makko e sahaa mum, miijo Gumi ko wonde ina gasa tawa o woni ko e ƴeewtaade tolno njiimaandi e nder Fuɗnaange, o yiɗi ko jokkondirde e nanondiral woote ngam wooteeji Asaambele diiwaan Fuɗnaange garooji ɗii.<ref name=":134">{{Cite book |last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>:21 [[File:Aminu Kano addresses his constituents.png|thumb|Seppo politik Aminu e nder kitaale 1960]] === Laamu konu (1966—1979) === Hakkunde 14 e 15 [[lewru]] Yarkomaa 1966, soldateeɓe murtuɓe konu [[Naajeeriya]] e gardagol [[Kaduna Nzeogwu]] e woɗɓe nayo mbarii Naajeeriyankooɓe heewɓe marɓe semmbe ina jeyaa heen Sir [[Abubakar Tafawa balewa|Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]], gardiiɗo jaagorɗe [[Naajeeriya]], [[Sir Ahmadu Bello]], Sardauna mo [[Naajeeriya]] worgo Sokoto e Ardiiɗo lesdi hirnaange lesdi [[Naajeeriya]]. Ndeeɗoo eɓɓaande kuudetaa umminii dille luulndiiɗe kuudetaa e nder konu nguu, tawi ko Ofisee Seneraal Komanda, [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] ardii ɗum, dañii ustude kuudetaa oo. Caggal kuudetaa mo ronki, ñalnde 16 [[lewru]] Yarkomaa, Aguiyi-Ironsi ƴetti golle hooreejo leydi, ardii laamu konu gadano leydi Nijeer.<ref name=":297">{{Cite book |last=Siollun|first=Max|url=http://archive.org/details/oilpoliticsviole0000siol|title=Oil, politics and violence : Nigeria's military coup culture (1966-1976)|date=2009|publisher=New York : Algora Pub.|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-87586-708-3|author-link=Max Siollun}}</ref>: 63 === Laamu Ironsi === Ƴeew kadi: Kuudetaa laamu Nijeer e hitaande 1966 Hay so tawii banndiraaɓe makko NEPU ina njogii hoolaare, sibu ina cikka ina mbaawi heblude ŋakkeende politik nde kuudetaa oo heddinoo, Aminu ɓadtiima laamu Ironsi e hakkille. E lomtaade lannda makko, o neldi laamu nguu telegaraam « hakkilantaagal » , o woppii juulde kono o hollitii yaakaare makko wonde laamu Ironsi ina waawi renndinde ngenndi ndii, ina yahra yeeso e demokaraasi. Ironsi yaawi wontude mo yiɗaa e nder diiwanuuji Fuɗnaange e Hirnaange sabu mum waasde jogaade darnde e darnde politik ɗeen diiwanuuji, o ɓuri yiɗde ko amiir en e mawɓe e nokkuuji mum en . Ko ɓuri heewde e yimɓe politik e nder njuɓɓudi kesiri ndii ko Guwerneeruuji ɓooyɗi, jooni ko kamɓe ngoni wasiyaaji guwerneeruuji konu. Ngonka kesa ka to Fuɗnaange fuɗɗii nanndude e laamu ɓooyngu nguu, ngu koloñaal en Angalteer mbaɗi, ngu ɓeydi heen njiyaagu e laamu nguu, haa teeŋti noon e nder dingiral radikal en. Lebbi tati e nder laamu makko, Aminu ina jokki e yeewtidde e Joseph Tarka e [[Maitama Sule]] ko fayti e ko ɓe njiyri "kuulal gootal wonande leydi Nijeer".<ref name=":1416">{{Cite book |last=Paden|first=John N.|url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicenterprise00ligh|title=Religion and political culture in Kano|date=1973|publisher=Berkeley, University of California Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-520-01738-2}}</ref>: 332–333 <ref name=":2713">{{Cite book |last=Robert Melson and Howard Wolpe|url=http://archive.org/details/isbn_9780870131615|title=Nigeria: Modernization and the Politics of Communalism|date=1971|publisher=Michigan State University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-87013-161-5|language=English}}</ref>: 380–381 Hedde sahaa ndeeɗoo batu, Ironsi jaɓi haa jooni jokkondirde e Aminu. Aminu hollitii caɗeele ɗe Fuɗnaange jogori dañde, o holliti heen peeje. Ironsi noon, wayi ko no alaa ko nafi, ko ɗum waɗi, darnde Aminu ndee « alaa ko nafi ». Caggal ɗuum, Aminu tuugnii ko e [[Ado Bayero]], laamɗo Kano, mo nganndu-ɗaa ko kañum woni hooreejo leydi ndii, ngam yettinde miijooji mum cemmbinɗi ɗii to Kumanndaa mawɗo oo.<ref name=":131">{{Cite book |title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 222–223 E lewru mee, Ironsi yaltinii "Decree dental" luulndiiɗo, momtuɗo diiwanuuji Nijeer, lomtiniri ɗum "pelle diiwanuuji". Yanti heen, Dekere oo renndini ko sarwisaaji siwil ɗi diiwaanuuji ɗii mbaɗnoo ko adii ɗuum. O ɓeydi heen momtude denndaangal lanndaaji politik e pelle pinal ngam yiɗde haɓaade ‘tribalism’. Anndinoore Decree ndee ɓeydii jiiɓru e nder Fuɗnaange, ɗo ko ɓuri heewde e pelle eliteeji ɗii njiyri ko ɓeydaade woɗɗitaade laamu nguu to [[Lagos]]. Ɓe cikki wonde Dekere oo yeewtidaaka e maɓɓe no haanirta nii, tee ina waɗi sarɗiiji "ɗi moƴƴaani e maɓɓe".<ref name=":2712">{{Cite book |last=Robert Melson and Howard Wolpe|url=http://archive.org/details/isbn_9780870131615|title=Nigeria: Modernization and the Politics of Communalism|date=1971|publisher=Michigan State University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-87013-161-5|language=English}}</ref>: 647 To [[Kano]], fotde teemedde ɗiɗi almuudo, ko ɓuri heewde e mum en ummorii ko e duɗal [[Abdullahi Bayero|Abdullahi Bayeron]], duɗal Rumfa, e duɗal janngirɗe aarabeeɓe, yuɓɓini seppooji ɗi Kaverlino de Aarabeeɓe mbinndi Guwerneer diiwal worgo leydi ndi hono Hassan Katsina. Ñalnde heen, fitinaaji mbaɗi e nder wuro ngo, fitinaaji ɗii mbaɗii e njulaagu Igbo en, tawi ko ina tolnoo e 100 haa 200 neɗɗo maayi heen, tawi ko ɓuri heewde heen ko Igbo en kono kadi ina heen woɗɓe nanngaaɓe e fitinaaji ɗii. Ñaawirde sosaa ngam ƴeewtaade fitinaaji ɗii, gardiiɗo mayre ko Sir Lionel Brett, ñaawoowo Angalteer to Ñaawirde Toownde leydi Nijeer. Ñaawirde Sir Brett meeɗaa ƴettude ñaawoore mum nde laamu Ironsi joofi caggal nde o waraa ñalnde 29 sulyee 1966 E lewru sulyee, Ironsi yuɓɓinii batu e amiiruuji e mawɓe leydi ndii ɓurɓe waawde to Ibadan.<ref name=":2711">{{Cite book |last=Robert Melson and Howard Wolpe|url=http://archive.org/details/isbn_9780870131615|title=Nigeria: Modernization and the Politics of Communalism|date=1971|publisher=Michigan State University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-87013-161-5|language=English}}</ref> E nder kawral ngal, o yamiri ɓe yimde jimɗi ngenndiiji ɗin, o holli anniya maako ngam waɗuki ɓe darnde haa lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] bana no guwerneeruuji sooja'en, miijo ngo ɗon mari ƴamol, ''Sarkin'' [[Kano]] [[Ado Bayero]] wurti diga kawtal ngal. Ñalnde 29 lewru juko hitaande 1966, kuudetaa gardinooɗo ko ɓuri heewde e ofiseeji ummoriiɓe Fuɗnaange fuɗɗii, ɗum addani Ironsi waraa to [[Ibadan]].<ref name=":2710">{{Cite book |last=Robert Melson and Howard Wolpe|url=http://archive.org/details/isbn_9780870131615|title=Nigeria: Modernization and the Politics of Communalism|date=1971|publisher=Michigan State University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-87013-161-5|language=English}}</ref>: 385 Ñalnde 1 [[lewru]] bowte hitaande 1966, Lietnaa-Kolonel [[Yakubu Gowon]] toɗɗaa Sustelit be hooreejo leydi caggal nde) ƴettude yamiroore.<ref name=":279">{{Cite book |last=Robert Melson and Howard Wolpe|url=http://archive.org/details/isbn_9780870131615|title=Nigeria: Modernization and the Politics of Communalism|date=1971|publisher=Michigan State University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-87013-161-5|language=English}}</ref>: 52<ref name=":296">{{Cite book |last=Siollun|first=Max|url=http://archive.org/details/oilpoliticsviole0000siol|title=Oil, politics and violence : Nigeria's military coup culture (1966-1976)|date=2009|publisher=New York : Algora Pub.|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-87586-708-3|author-link=Max Siollun}}</ref> === Laamu Gowon (1966—1975) === Ƴeew kadi: 1966 Kuudetaa Nijeer [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 137.jpg|thumb|General Yakubu Gowon]] Toɗɗagol Gowon, Kerecee’en worgo, jeyaaɗo e leñol tokosol, hooreejo leydi, ko huunde nde SMC waɗi ngam haɗde kuuɓtodinɓe worgo, e gardagol Lietnaa-Kolonel [[Murtala Muhammed]], seertude e republique. Gowon woppi ko ɓuri heewde e kasooji politik nanngaaɓe e laamu Ironsi, ina jeyaa heen [[Obafemi Awolowo]], politik Yorubaajo mawɗo mo diiwaan Hirnaange. O woppi kadi kuulal denndinngal luulndiingal ngal, o artiri diiwanuuji nay ɗi limtaa ko adii ɗuum. Yanti heen, Gowon yuɓɓinii batu wakili’en diiwaan ngam ƴettude kuule doosɗe kese, anndiraaɗe goomu doosɗe Ad Hoc. Aminu e Joseph Tarka ina njeyaa e wakili'en diiwaan Fuɗnaange e nder batu nguu. Depiteeji ɗii fof e batu nguu, so wonaa Fuɗnaange-rewo, ina mballita e miijo laamu fedde tiiɗngu tuugiiɗo e dowlaaji tokoosi.<ref name=":278">{{Cite book |last=Robert Melson and Howard Wolpe|url=http://archive.org/details/isbn_9780870131615|title=Nigeria: Modernization and the Politics of Communalism|date=1971|publisher=Michigan State University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-87013-161-5|language=English}}</ref>: 52 Ɗoon e ɗoon, caggal nde Gowon anndinaa toɗɗagol mum, Aminu wallitii e yuɓɓinde jeewte e "ardiiɓe miijo" Fuɗnaange to [[Kaduna]], tawi ina jeyaa heen gollotooɓe laamu e politikaaji Republique gadano. Yeewtere ndee rewi ko e njiimaandi laamu kesu nguu, tawi ko binndanɗe yeewtere ƴettaaɗe, peeñninaama ngam ƴeewtaade, waylude, walla salaade fedde ndee. Ko adii noddaango goomu ad hoc Gowon, fedde yeewtere ndee yeewtidii e toɓɓere dowlaaji kesi, Aminu suɓaama ngam ardaade goomu nguu. Aminu woni wakiliijo fedde [[Kaduna]] nder kawtal Ad Hoc to [[Lagos]], ɓe hokki wasiyaaji maɓɓe ngam sosde lesɗe 12 haa 14, 7 ngam Fuunaange, 5 ngam Fuunaange. Kono, e joofnirde, batu nguu feccii dowlaaji ɗii no fotiri, 6 wonande Fuɗnaange e Fuɗnaange fof. E nder lebbi ɗiɗi gadani laamu Gowon, Aminu waɗii e makko batuuji tati ceertuɗi. Aranndeere nden hawti bee delegaasiyon yimɓe sappo diga Fuunaange, ɗiɗaɓre nden bana tergal Goomu Ad Hoc, kawtal tataɓal ngal hawti bee Aminu nder goomu jowi yimɓe Fuunaange, ardii ɗum Sir [[Kashim Ibrahim]], gonnooɗo siyaasaaku NPC e ''Governor'' siwil cakkitiiɗo dow convened ''Northern'' [[Naajeeriya]], ardii ɗum laamu fedde tiiɗnde e ngootaagu ngenndi.<ref name=":130">{{Cite book |title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 237–241 Nde wonnoo Fuɗnaange ina jokki e wallitde laamu fedde tiiɗnde, caggal nde Gowon heɓi nafoore mum e delegaasiyoŋ Ibraahiima, e Hirnaange kadi ina jokki e wallitde caggal nde mawɗo Awolowo haa jooni "ardi" e miijo ngoo, ko diiwaan Fuɗnaange tan heddii e luulndaade. Igbo en ɓurɓe heewde Fuɗnaange ina njoginoo ŋakkeende hoolaare e laamu nguu, ina gasa tawa ko sabu fitinaaji "pogrom-like" ɗi ɓe muñnoo ko juuti caggal kuudetaa lewru sulyee, ɗi soldateeɓe fenaande yiɗɓe yoɓde kuudetaa lewru janvier mbaɗi. E nder winndannde makko ñalnde 4 oktoobar 1966, Aminu winnditii "Ko ɓuri mettude e muñal konu. Jaawgol e golle ina ɗaɓɓi. Fuɗnaange ina woni e laawol seertude." E nder etaade yaawnude gartugol laamu siwil, Aminu ɓadtiima ardiiɓe Goomu Ad Hoc, Awolowo (Hirnaange), Kashim Ibrahiima (Fuɗnaange), [[Anthony Enahoro]] (Caka Hirnaange) e ‘Eni’ (Fuɗnaange), ngam fuɗɗoraade kaaldigal ngam sosde laamu joofngu. Kono tan, darnde makko taƴaa ko e ɓuuɓri fitinaaji to Fuɗnaange.<ref name=":129">{{Cite book |title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 240–241 <ref name=":277">{{Cite book |last=Robert Melson and Howard Wolpe|url=http://archive.org/details/isbn_9780870131615|title=Nigeria: Modernization and the Politics of Communalism|date=1971|publisher=Michigan State University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-87013-161-5|language=English}}</ref>: 52–53 E nder geɗe tati mawɗe baɗnooɗe e fitinaaji mawɗi e hitaande 1966, ko e lewru oktoobar "ko ɓuri heewde e maayɗeele".<ref name=":276">{{Cite book |last=Robert Melson and Howard Wolpe|url=http://archive.org/details/isbn_9780870131615|title=Nigeria: Modernization and the Politics of Communalism|date=1971|publisher=Michigan State University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-87013-161-5|language=English}}</ref>: 131 fitinaaji ɗii ko soldateeɓe Fuɗnaange e wuyɓe nokkuuji ɗii mbaɗi ɗum en, teeŋti noon e yan daba to [[Kano]]. Ko ɗum waɗi [[Igbo]] en heewɓe hoɗɓe e Fuɗnaange ndogi njalti Fuɗnaange ngam yiylaade kisal. Caggal nde ɓe muñi warngooji goɗɗi, diiwaan Fuɗnaange oo salii hootde e batuuji Ad Hoc.<ref name=":275">{{Cite book |last=Robert Melson and Howard Wolpe|url=http://archive.org/details/isbn_9780870131615|title=Nigeria: Modernization and the Politics of Communalism|date=1971|publisher=Michigan State University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-87013-161-5|language=English}}</ref>: 52–56 <ref>{{Cite web|date=22 January 2024|editor-last=LAFRANCO|editor-first=ROB|editor2-last=TOGNINI|editor2-first=GIACOMO|title=Africa's Billionaires 2024|url=https://www.forbes.com/lists/africa-billionaires/|access-date=2024-02-10|website=[[Forbes]]|language=en}}</ref>: 134–138 E joofnirde fitinaaji ɗii, "Ibo en fof ndogi Fuɗnaange, Hausa en Fuɗnaange". Diwgol mawngol fotde miliyoŋ Fuɗnaange addani faggudu Fuɗnaange ɓadtaade. Jaltugol ɗoon e ɗoon binnditagol, karallaagal, njulaagu, e gollotooɓe laamu, ina metti faggudu diiwaan oo no feewi, sibu sarwisaaji ɗii mbaawii tan ko heɓtude fotde 40% e tolnooji ko adii kuudetaa oo, yontereeji jeegom caggal ɗuum. Ngam wallude e safrude ndeeɗoo caɗeele, Aminu sosi Duɗal Njulaagu Renndo Kano (anndiraa hannde Duɗal Njulaagu Renndo Aminu Kano). Hassan Katsina, guwerneer militeer'en lesdi Fuunaange, jaɓi wallugo ngam yaawnugo kuugal ngal, [[Maitama Sule]] hokki saare maako bana nokkuure arandeere nde janngirde nde'e woni. Ina jeyaa e yimɓe woɗɓe wallitɓe eɓɓaande ndee, ''Sarkin'' [[Kano]] [[Ado Bayero]], [[Aminu Dantata]], Sani Gezawa, Inuwa Wada, e [[Tanko Yakasai]]. Aminu e hoore mum rokkii eɓɓaande ndee 250 mbuuɗu, tawi darnde mum fof ina tolnoo e 4 000 mbuuɗu. Aminu woni hooreejo duɗal ngal haa o maayi e hitaande 1983. Gooto e almuɓɓe duɗal ngal ɓurɓe teskinde ko [[Aliko Dangote]], [[Afrik|Afriknaajo]] ɓurɗo alɗude.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://buk.edu.ng/sites/default/files/pdf/ushd.pdf|title=BAYERO UNIVERSITY, KANO NIGERIA: Student Handbook|isbn=978-9788203018|pages=126|last1=Kamal|first1=Aliyu|date=2008}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=22 January 2024|editor-last=LAFRANCO|editor-first=ROB|editor2-last=TOGNINI|editor2-first=GIACOMO|title=Africa's Billionaires 2024|url=https://www.forbes.com/lists/africa-billionaires/|access-date=2024-02-10|website=[[Forbes]]|language=en}}</ref> E fuɗɗoode lewru Yarkomaa 1967, Diiso Toowngo Konu (SMC) yuɓɓinii batu to Aburi, Ganaa, ngu daartoowo biyeteeɗo Max Siollun siftini wonde "diisnondiral doosgal daartol, ngal nganndu-ɗaa ko kañum woni sabaabu renndo e politik leydi Nijeer".<ref name=":295">{{Cite book |last=Siollun|first=Max|url=http://archive.org/details/oilpoliticsviole0000siol|title=Oil, politics and violence : Nigeria's military coup culture (1966-1976)|date=2009|publisher=New York : Algora Pub.|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-87586-708-3|author-link=Max Siollun}}</ref>:-153 Batu nguu ɓuri waawde tawtoreede ko Ljukdum Ojuklo. Guwerneer Militeer Fuɗnaange, baɗɗo miijooji keewɗi. E nder ɗeen miijooji, ɓurɗi teeŋtude heen ko wonde diiwanuuji ɗii ina poti jaɓde kala kuule jowitiiɗe e mum en e ko fayi arde, tawa kadi denndaangal kuule gonɗe heen ɗee, luulndiiɗe ndeeɗoo feere, ina poti momteede. Ɗeeɗoo miijooji, ko ɓuri heewde e mum en ko ƴaañde ndimaagu diiwaan oo, keɓii nanondiral gootal hakkunde denndaangal lanndaaji SMC. Kono nde Gowon arti [[Lagos]], "gollotooɓe laamu makko ina mbeltii e luggiɗde e ballal makko e Ojukwu". Ndeen noon, nanondiral Aburi ngal meeɗaa huutoreede, ɗum addani jokkondiral hakkunde Diiwaan Fuɗnaange e laamu fedde ndee ɓeydaade bonde.<ref name=":274">{{Cite book |last=Robert Melson and Howard Wolpe|url=http://archive.org/details/isbn_9780870131615|title=Nigeria: Modernization and the Politics of Communalism|date=1971|publisher=Michigan State University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-87013-161-5|language=English}}</ref>: 56–57 <ref name=":294">{{Cite book |last=Siollun|first=Max|url=http://archive.org/details/oilpoliticsviole0000siol|title=Oil, politics and violence : Nigeria's military coup culture (1966-1976)|date=2009|publisher=New York : Algora Pub.|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-87586-708-3|author-link=Max Siollun}}</ref>: 151–159 Nde ɗum jokki, Aminu; Yuusuf Tarka, hooreejo UMBC; [[Aliyu Makaman Bida]], politik NPC ɓurɗo mawnude e wuurde ; e [[Umaru Dikko]], hono binndoowo maɓɓe, ina njillondiri e Fuɗnaange ngam humpitaade yimɓe ɓee geɗe jooni ɗee, ko ɓuri teeŋtude kadi, ngam haɗde jeewte seertude e Fedde ndee. Jaɓɓungal ngal ina waɗi jeewte jamaanu e jokkondirde e amiiruuji e mawɓe diiwaan oo.[30]: 136 Ɓooytaani caggal njillu nguu, Aminu majjii ɓiyiiko gorko biyeteeɗo Isa Wali e lewru feebariyee, baaba mum majjii e lewru mee.<ref name=":272">{{Cite book |last=Robert Melson and Howard Wolpe|url=http://archive.org/details/isbn_9780870131615|title=Nigeria: Modernization and the Politics of Communalism|date=1971|publisher=Michigan State University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-87013-161-5|language=English}}</ref>: 246–250 <ref>{{Cite journal|title=The Wikipedia Library|url=https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/|access-date=2024-02-16|website=wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org|language=en|doi=10.1086/ahr/79.4.1229|url-access=subscription}}</ref>: Ñalnde 27 lewru bowte hitaande 1967, Gowon habri feccugol leydi Nijeer e dowlaaji sappo e ɗiɗi. Ko ɗum huunde nde leƴƴi pamari ɗi diiwanuuji nay mumtuɗi ɗii mawnini no feewi.<ref name=":128">{{Cite book |title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 390 <ref name=":273">{{Cite book |last=Robert Melson and Howard Wolpe|url=http://archive.org/details/isbn_9780870131615|title=Nigeria: Modernization and the Politics of Communalism|date=1971|publisher=Michigan State University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-87013-161-5|language=English}}</ref> Diiso doosɗe leydi ndii (FEC) sosaa ngam golloraade e les njiimaandi Diiso Toowngo Konu. FEC ina waɗi jooɗaniiɓe siwil en toɗɗaaɓe e nder kala diiwaan, ina poti wonde junngo njuɓɓudi laamu nguu. Aminu toɗɗaama ngam laataago wakiliijo lesdi Kano, o hokkaama darnde Komisinaajo Fedde nde'e ngam jokkirli.<ref name=":127">{{Cite book |title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 253–254 === Hare nder leydi (1967-1970) === Winndannde mawnde: Hare nder leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] Balɗe tati caggal feccere diiwanuuji ɗii, Ojukwu hollitii jeytaare Diiwaan Fuɗnaange oo, mo nganndu-ɗaa ko Republique de Biafra.<ref name=":27">{{Cite book |last=Robert Melson and Howard Wolpe|url=http://archive.org/details/isbn_9780870131615|title=Nigeria: Modernization and the Politics of Communalism|date=1971|publisher=Michigan State University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-87013-161-5|language=English}}</ref>: 390 Caggal nde laamu nguu fooli eɓɓooji mum e "action police", ''Military-Government'' jaabtii e ''blockades''. Caggal ɗuum, konu Biafran yani, heɓti laamu dowla hakkundeejo hirnaange (Bendel), ɗum addani Gowon bayyinde wolde.<ref name=":293">{{Cite book |last=Siollun|first=Max|url=http://archive.org/details/oilpoliticsviole0000siol|title=Oil, politics and violence : Nigeria's military coup culture (1966-1976)|date=2009|publisher=New York : Algora Pub.|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-87586-708-3|author-link=Max Siollun}}</ref>: 162 E nder wolde ndee fof, Aminu ina jokki e wonde tergal FEC. O ardii goomu soodgol kaɓirɗe, tawi ina waɗi yah-ngartaa keewɗo e nder winndere ndee, haa arti noon e Orop, [[Amerik]], Dental Sowiyet, e [[Afrik]] worgo, ngam kaaldigal e nanondiral kaɓirɗe.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Moses|first1=A. Dirk|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vk0rDwAAQBAJ|title=Postcolonial Conflict and the Question of Genocide: The Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967–1970|last2=Heerten|first2=Lasse|date=2017-07-06|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-351-85866-3|pages=184|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O-dHAAAAIBAJ|title=Soviet Moving In With Aid To Rich, Populous Nigeria|date=23 March 1970|publisher=The Morning Record|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=|url=http://archive.org/details/intelligencer-november-1968|title=Intelligencer November 1968|date=November 1968|pages=10}}</ref><ref name=":3110">{{Citation |last1=Salau|first1=Mohammed Bashir|title=Aminu Kano|date=2024-01-30|encyclopedia=Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History|url=https://oxfordre.com/africanhistory/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.001.0001/acrefore-9780190277734-e-590|access-date=2024-02-17|language=en|doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.590|isbn=978-0-19-027773-4|last2=Oluokun|first2=Oyedele|url-access=subscription}}</ref> E [[lewru]] mee 1968, Aminu tawtoraama yeewtere jam hakkunde Nijeer e Biafra yuɓɓinaande to [[Kampala]], [[Ugannda|Uganndaa]], hitaande wootere caggal wolde hakkunde leyɗeele. [[Chinua Achebe]], winndiyanke [[Naajeeriya]] mawɗo, tawtoraama kadi yeewtere nde e nder delegaasiyoŋ Biafran. Ngolɗoo batu ko ngol woni go’o ko Achebe ina hawra e Aminu, o siftini : Miɗo siftora no feewi nde njiy-mi Aminu Kano mo delegaasiyoŋ Naajeeriya ina jooɗii yeeso ina ndaara mette no feewi. Ɗum ina jeyaa e ko ɓuri tiiɗde e ko gorko oo waɗi e am, so en ƴeewtindiima yimɓe hono mawɗo [[Enahoro]] mo wonnoo gardiiɗo delegaasiyoŋ oo ina ƴattondiri e jaaltaaɓe, haa arti noon e Asika. Aminu Kano wayi ko no seertuɗo nii; goonga noon, omo wayi no omo ndaara e nder windo. Nde gollodiiɓe makko ina kaala mawnikinaare e 6uu6ol e 6uu6ol men, Aminu Kano ina dee/i, ina 6uu6too.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ezenwa-Ohaeto|url=http://archive.org/details/chinuaachebebiog0000ezen|title=Chinua Achebe : A Biography|date=1997|publisher=Bloomington : Indiana University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-253-33342-1|author-link=Ezenwa-Ohaeto}}</ref>: 138 Oo ko gorko mo weltaaki e banngeeji ɗiɗi ɗii fof walla no haala kaa yahrata. Ndeen pottital waɗii e am maande nde momtataa e Aminu Kano, e jikku makko e hakkille makko.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Achebe|first=Chinua|url=http://archive.org/details/there-was-a-country-a-personal-history-of-biafra_202011|title=There Was A Country A Personal History Of Biafra|pages=162|author-link=Chinua Achebe}}</ref> Aminu ɓadtiima hare ndee wonaa hare hakkunde leñol Igbo walla Diiwaan Fuɗnaange ɓooyɗo, kono ko hare seertude. E nder konngol makko ngol o haali e janngooɓe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Abdullahi Bayero]] to Kano e lewru feebariyee 1970, o wiyi Naajeeriyankooɓe, e laamu nguu, yo ɓe peewnu no haanirta nii ngam gartugol Biafranaaɓe. Aminu teeŋtinii :<ref name=":1415">{{Cite book |last=Paden|first=John N.|url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicenterprise00ligh|title=Religion and political culture in Kano|date=1973|publisher=Berkeley, University of California Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-520-01738-2}}</ref> Ina woodi caɗeele naatgol Ibo en. Ɓe ngummii ko feccere mawnde e ndii leydi, ko heewi e ko ɓe ngummii ko koɗdiiɗo nokku oo ƴetti ɗum. Hol ko ɓe poti waɗde? Ɗum ina waɗi nafoore nde tawnoo eɗen kaɓa e maɓɓe ngam heddaade e leydi Nijeer. Min ɗon wi'a, "A waawataa yahugo. A foti heddaago [[Naajeeriya]]." So ɓe ngartii, mbele aɗa waawi haɗde ɓe jogaade geɗe walla leydi ? A waawaa waɗde noon. Hol no Ibo common waawirta ƴettude ɗuum? Ɓe mbiyi: “Min njiɗi ko yahde.” Min mbi'i, "Aa'a, sey a hedda haa lesdi [[Naajeeriya]]." Ɓe mbi'a: “Jooni min ngartii.” Hol ko mbaɗaten? Ko ɗeen ngoni caɗeele potɗe dañeede. Wonaa caɗeele koyɗe. Wonataa wiyde koɗorɗe to ''Sabon Gari'', koɗorɗe to ''Tudun Wada'', koɗorɗe to Kaduna ina toppitie. Mbele ɓe ngartat? E nder njulaagu maɓɓe? E yiɗde ɓurnde mawnude ngam jooɗaade e leydi [[Naajeeriya]]? Ɓiɓɓe men worɓe e rewɓe heewɓe njahii maayii e innde kawtal ngam haɓaade Ibos en e nder leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]]. Mbele aɗa waawi ostracize ɓe jooni? A waawaa. Hol ko njahataa waɗde? Hol ko woni porogaraam mon? Aɗa foti fuɗɗoraade peewnugol gila jooni. Heewaani ot wiyde, "Oh eey, eɓe ngarta."<ref name=":1414">{{Cite book |last=Paden|first=John N.|url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicenterprise00ligh|title=Religion and political culture in Kano|date=1973|publisher=Berkeley, University of California Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-520-01738-2}}</ref>: 356 === Reformeeji e nder diiwaan Kano === E nder diiwaan Kano keso oo, wonno ko limtooji ɗiɗi laamu ngenndi e sahaa laamu Gowon. Ɓeen ngoni [[Audu Bako]], guwerneer militeeruuji diiwaan [[Kano]], e Aminu, komisariyaajo siwil e tergal FEC.<ref name=":1413">{{Cite book |last=Paden|first=John N.|url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicenterprise00ligh|title=Religion and political culture in Kano|date=1973|publisher=Berkeley, University of California Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-520-01738-2}}</ref>: 339 Reformeeji keewɗi mbaɗaama e nder Dowla oo, haa teeŋti noon e to bannge Emiraaji. Ñaawirɗe alkali ɓooyɗe ɗee lomtinaama ñaawirɗe nokkuuji, ñaawirde amiir oo fusi. Polis fedde nde e polis emiraaji ɗii kawri, mbaɗtaa e les njiimaandi komisariyaajo polis, toɗɗaaɗo e laamu fedde ndee. Diiwanuuji Emiraaji ɗii ndenndinaama e nokkuuji 8 njuɓɓudi, heen gooto fof ina jogii ofisee diiwaan toɗɗaaɗo, gardiiɗo binndoowo guwerneer militeer. Laamu ngenndi lomtinaama e laamu nokkuyankeewu (LGA), tawi ɓuri heen heewde ko Diiso Emiraaji e Goomu kuuɓtodinngu. Diiso Emiraaji ina waɗi tergal 40 tawi ko amiir woni hooreejo mum. Fotde tataɓe ɗiɗi e terɗe diiso ngoo ko nulaaɓe diiwanuuji, cuɓaama e woote. Diiso ngoo fof ko guwerneer militeer en toɗɗii ɗum e fuɗɗoode.[8]: 341–351 Hay so tawii doole amiir oo ustaama to [[Kano]], haa teeŋti noon e fannu ñaawoore, omo jogii haa hannde doole keewɗe to bannge LGA. O joginoo ko mbaawka toɗɗaade denndaangal ardiiɓe diiwanuuji ɗii, omo waawi kadi waɗde heen geɗe kuuɓtodinɗe e doosɗe leydi e nder denndaangal tolnooji. Bako hollitii geɗe mum tati politik jowitiiɗe e peeje : hisnude geɗe ɓurɗe moƴƴude e laamu emiraaji gaadanteeji to [[Kano]], ɓamtude wonɓe e laamu nguu e ɓesngu nguu rewrude e wakilaagu ; e waɗde ko tiiɗi e haɗooɓe laamu nguu. Hay so tawii Aminu haalaani e yeeso yimɓe fof ɗeen peeje, o anndaaka no feewi wonde gooto e ardiiɓe peeje. Heewɓe e miijooji makko gadani ko fayti e ustude laamu emiraaji ina mbaawi yiyeede e njuɓɓudi kesiri Dowla Kano, miijooji makko e ittude leydi e doole ñaawoore e nder emiraaji ina nganndaa no feewi.<ref name=":1412">{{Cite book |last=Paden|first=John N.|url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicenterprise00ligh|title=Religion and political culture in Kano|date=1973|publisher=Berkeley, University of California Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-520-01738-2}}</ref>: 341–351<ref name=":319">{{Citation |last1=Salau|first1=Mohammed Bashir|title=Aminu Kano|date=2024-01-30|encyclopedia=Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History|url=https://oxfordre.com/africanhistory/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.001.0001/acrefore-9780190277734-e-590|access-date=2024-02-17|language=en|doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.590|isbn=978-0-19-027773-4|last2=Oluokun|first2=Oyedele|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Bako ina wayi no toɗɗiima komisariyaaji makko tuugiiɗi e Aminud6.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Yusuf|first=Kabiru A.|date=2021-12-19|title=How I was expelled from NEPU for visiting Russia, China – Yakasai|url=https://dailytrust.com/how-i-was-expelled-from-nepu-for-visiting-russia-china-yakasai/|access-date=2024-07-24|newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]|language=en-US}}</ref> [[File:Gen. Murtalar Muhammed.jpg|thumb]] [[File:Jimmy Carter with Lt. Gen. Olusegun Obasanjo of Nigeria.jpg|thumb|Jimmy Carter e Lietnaa Seneraal Olusegun Obasanjo mo leydi Najeriya]] === Laamu Muhammadu (1975—1976) e laamu Obasanjo (1976—1979) === Caggal nde wolde hakkunde leyɗeele joofi, o heɓi golle Komiseriyaa Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe ngam Cellal e hitaande 1971. E hitaande 1975, kuudetaa laamu fuɗɗii e dow Gowon, tawi Gowon ina lomtoo leydi Nijeer e batu 12ɓo Fedde Ngootaagu [[Afrik]] to Kampala. [[Murtala Muhammed|Murtala Muhammadu]] anndinaama hooreejo leydi e juuɗe kuudetaa en ñalnde 30 sulyee 1975.<ref name=":292">{{Cite book|last=Siollun|first=Max|url=http://archive.org/details/oilpoliticsviole0000siol|title=Oil, politics and violence : Nigeria's military coup culture (1966-1976)|date=2009|publisher=New York : Algora Pub.|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-87586-708-3|author-link=Max Siollun}}</ref>: 175–183 Muhammadu waraa e kuudetaa mo ronkaama hitaande caggal ɗuum, lomtii mo ko cukko makko, hono [[Olusegun Obasanjo]]:<ref name=":29">{{Cite book|last=Siollun|first=Max|url=http://archive.org/details/oilpoliticsviole0000siol|title=Oil, politics and violence : Nigeria's military coup culture (1966-1976)|date=2009|publisher=New York : Algora Pub.|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-87586-708-3|author-link=Max Siollun}}</ref>. Ko adii maayde makko, Muhammadu sosi Goomu ƴettugol doosɗe leydi (CDC) halfinaaɗo ƴettude doosɗe leydi kese ngam heblude laamu siwil. E lewru ut 1976, Obasanjo habri sosde Asaambele doosɗe ngam ƴeewtaade eɓɓaande doosgal leydi ndi CDC feewni. Wooteeji ngam suɓaade Asaambele ngenndi mbaɗaama, kanndidaaji ɗii cuɓaama e Komiseer Fiilngo Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe (FEDECO) keso oo. Aminu suɓaama, o suɓaama e dow jam.<ref name=":318">{{Citation |last1=Salau|first1=Mohammed Bashir|title=Aminu Kano|date=2024-01-30|encyclopedia=Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History|url=https://oxfordre.com/africanhistory/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.001.0001/acrefore-9780190277734-e-590|access-date=2024-02-17|language=en|doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.590|isbn=978-0-19-027773-4|last2=Oluokun|first2=Oyedele|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Asaambele oo waɗii batuuji hakkunde oktoobar 1977 e lewru suwee 1978. Eɓɓaande doosgal Asaambele ndee yettinaama e Diiso Toowngo Konu e lewru ut. Caggal nde SMC jaɓi waylooji 17 eɓɓaande ndee, doosgal kesal ngal hollitaama e lewru suwee 1978.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Koehn|first=Peter|date=1989|title=Competitive Transition to Civilian Rule: Nigeria's First and Second Experiments|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/161100|journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies|volume=27|issue=3|pages=401–430|doi=10.1017/S0022278X0002036X|jstor=161100|issn=0022-278X|url-access=subscription}}</ref> "Haɗeede politik" kadi ustaama e oon ñalawma gooto, Naajeeriyankooɓe cemmbinaama ngam sosde lanndaaji politik ngam heblude wooteeji hitaande aroore ndee.<ref name=":3211">{{Cite book|last=Oyediran|first=Oyeleye|author-link=Oyeleye Oyediran|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerian1979elec00oyed|title=The Nigerian 1979 elections|date=1981|publisher=Illupeju, Lagos [Nigeria] : Macmillan Nigeria|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-333-31786-0}}</ref>: 16 === Ndenndaandi ɗiɗaɓiri (1979—1983) === Caggal nde Seneraal Muhammadu hollitii peeje mum ngam artirde laamu siwil e hitaande 1979, Aminu yettini jokkondiral mum ngam sosde fedde politik. O jokki kadi e jokkondiral e pelle janngooɓe e nder leydi ndii kala.<ref name=":3210">{{Cite book|last=Oyediran|first=Oyeleye|author-link=Oyeleye Oyediran|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerian1979elec00oyed|title=The Nigerian 1979 elections|date=1981|publisher=Illupeju, Lagos [Nigeria] : Macmillan Nigeria|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-333-31786-0}}</ref>: 50 Aminu caggal mum naati e fedde politik wiyeteende Mouvement ''National'' nde wonnoo ko yimɓe mawɓe, ko ɓuri heewde e mum en ko ummoriiɓe Fuɗnaange. Fedde ndee ko lomto toŋngoode fedde yeewtere [[Kaduna]] sosaande caggal kuudetaa 1966 mo joofni Republique gadano oo. Fedde ndee waɗii batuuji sirlu e nder ooɗoo sahaa fof, haa arti noon e noddirde yimɓe politik mawɓe to bannge worgo leydi ndii ngam « sosde lannda ngenndiijo goonga ». Caggal nde haɗeede politik ustaa e lewru suwee 1978, lomto mum, hono lannda ngenndiijo leydi Nijeer (NPN), sosaa.<ref name=":306">{{Cite book |last=Shagari|first=Shehu Usman Aliyu|url=http://archive.org/details/shehushagaribeck0000shag|title=Shehu Shagari : Beckoned To Serve : an autobiography|date=2001|publisher=Nigeria : Heinemann ed. books (Nigeria) plc|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-978-129-932-2|author-link=Shehu Shagari}}</ref>: 206–207 <ref name=":329">{{Cite book|last=Oyediran|first=Oyeleye|author-link=Oyeleye Oyediran|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerian1979elec00oyed|title=The Nigerian 1979 elections|date=1981|publisher=Illupeju, Lagos [Nigeria] : Macmillan Nigeria|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-333-31786-0}}</ref>: 57–58 === Sosde PRP === Ñalnde heen ko adii udditgol NPN kono, Aminu yalti fedde nde ngam sosde, ina waɗa batu to Yaba, [[Lagos]]. NPN yaawi neldude Joseph Tarka e Inuwa Wada (koɗo mawniiko) ngam waawnude mo yo o hoot. Aminu jaɓi neldude wallidiiɓe joy to udditgol ngol nde o jokki e joɗnde makko, o meeɗaa hootde to NPN.<ref name=":305">{{Cite book |last=Shagari|first=Shehu Usman Aliyu|url=http://archive.org/details/shehushagaribeck0000shag|title=Shehu Shagari : Beckoned To Serve : an autobiography|date=2001|publisher=Nigeria : Heinemann ed. books (Nigeria) plc|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-978-129-932-2|author-link=Shehu Shagari}}</ref>: 207 Sabaabuuji laaɓtuɗi gaddanɗi Aminu yaltude NPN ina keddii, kono ina woodi miijooji ceertuɗi ceertuɗi. E wiyde [[Shehu Shagari]], tergal gadanal e nder NPN, caggal ɗuum kanndidaa gooto e lannda kaa, batu nguu, ko adii nde laamu nguu fuɗɗotoo, hollitii wonde won terɗe goomu toppitiingu nguu ina poti jogaade golle keertiiɗe e nder dumunna. Aminu ko mawɗo [[Adisa Akinloye]] suɓi ɗum ngam wonde gardiiɗo jaagorɗe. Kono, o suɓiima ɗoon e ɗoon [[Tanko Yakasai]], gonnooɗo tergal NEPU mo o miijii ko neɗɗo ɓurɗo moƴƴude e oon darnde nde tawnoo omo jogii humpito jowitiingo e ɗuum. NPN hollitii wonde miijo Akinloye ngoo addani Aminu woppude laamu nde tawnoo ina sikkaa ko « tooñde darnde makko ngenndiire ». Shagari siftinii ndee firo ko "deduction plausible kono ko feewti e majjere".<ref name=":304">{{Cite book |last=Shagari|first=Shehu Usman Aliyu|url=http://archive.org/details/shehushagaribeck0000shag|title=Shehu Shagari : Beckoned To Serve : an autobiography|date=2001|publisher=Nigeria : Heinemann ed. books (Nigeria) plc|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-978-129-932-2|author-link=Shehu Shagari}}</ref>: 207 PRP caggal ɗuum wiyi wonde ndee firo ko fenaande sabu darnde ndee ina waawi rokkude Aminu "plateforme moƴƴo ngam mahngo natal".<ref name=":328">{{Cite book|last=Oyediran|first=Oyeleye|author-link=Oyeleye Oyediran|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerian1979elec00oyed|title=The Nigerian 1979 elections|date=1981|publisher=Illupeju, Lagos [Nigeria] : Macmillan Nigeria|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-333-31786-0}}</ref>: 58–59 Yiyngo ngoɗngo e haala kaa ummii ko e sehilaaɓe politik Aminu, haa teeŋti noon e [[Kano]], ko wayi no Lawan Dambazau, Lili Gabari, Dauda Dangalan, e [[Sabo Bakin Zuwo]]. E wiyde maɓɓe, nde o anndi Aminu saliima hootde to NPN, Aminu Dantata yaawi yahde [[Kano]], o noddi batu to galle makko e yimɓe heewɓe teeŋtuɓe, ina heen jom en njulaagu, politik, gollotooɓe laamu, e annduɓe ummoriiɓe Kano. Faandaare ndeeɗoo hawriinde ko yiylaade laabi ngam waawde waawnude Aminu ngam nanondirde e NPN. Tawtoraaɓe heewɓe mbaɗti yeewtidde e haala kaa, e wiyde mo yo o hawru e lannda kaa. Dr. Ibrahim Datti Ahmed, gonnooɗo hooreejo-General Diisnondiral toowngal ngam Sharia e nder leydi Nijeer, o rokkaama fartaŋŋe haalde, e wiyde Dambazau, "o ñaawii Mallam Aminu no gaño worgo; gaño juɓɓule aadaaji; gaño mo, theNP ɓe mbaawaano". Dambazau teskiima hay gooto daranaaki Aminu, etaade haɗde Datti e nder haala mum. Caggal haala Datti, Aminu fawi hoore mum, batu nguu jippii e jiiɓru, ɗum addani ngu jokkude haa janngo mum.<ref name=":285">{{Cite book|last=Auwalu|first=Anwar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WYurDwAAQBAJ|title=Politics as Dashed Hopes in Nigeria|date=2019-08-23|publisher=Safari Books Ltd|isbn=978-978-55986-5-0|language=en}}</ref>: 59–60 Aminu rafi ko adii batu garoowo, o woni e leeso balɗe. E nder rafi makko, wallidiiɓe Aminu ummoriiɓe nokkuuji ceertuɗi e nder leydi ndii, ina jeyaa heen Balarabe Muusa (mo [[Kaduna]]), A.D Yahya, Ananobi (mo Port Harcourt), B.K. Benson (ummo [[Lagos]]), e Dandatti Abdulkadir, Dahiru Liman, e Dambazau (kamɓe fof ummiiɓe Kano), kawri to Kano ngam yeewtidde e makko e geɗe garooje ɗe o jogori rewde.<ref name=":284">{{Cite book|last=Auwalu|first=Anwar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WYurDwAAQBAJ|title=Politics as Dashed Hopes in Nigeria|date=2019-08-23|publisher=Safari Books Ltd|isbn=978-978-55986-5-0|language=en}}</ref>: 60–62 Waɗooɓe Aminu yuɓɓinii batu mawngu, caggal ɗuum ɓe inniri ɗum Taron Rami, firti ko "batu diƴƴe". Tawaaɓe e ndeeɗoo batu ciftinii wonde Aminu ina tooña, ina hormaa NPN e terɗe mum, ɗum addani mo ƴettude kuulal ngam sosde lannda mum politik. Wowooɓe e hiirde nde ko Dambazau, Usmaan Nagado, e [[Abubakar Rimi|Abuubakar Rimi]]. Hay so tawii o rafii e leeso, Aminu neldi nulaaɓe e nder ngenndi ndii ngam jokkondirde e wallidiiɓe makko e wondiiɓe makko ngam yeewtidde e golle garooje ɗee. Caggal jaabawuuli moƴƴi, o sosi goomu ngam lelnude golle lannda kaa. Lannda rimɗinde yimɓe (PRP) udditaa to [[Kaduna]] ñalnde 21 oktoobar 1978, tawi ina noddira senndikaaji radikal en, artisaneeɓe, remooɓe, jannginooɓe yahruɓe yeeso, jaayndiyankooɓe, winndooɓe, e wonnooɓe terɗe NEPU e nder renndo mum. Terɗe lannda ka arandeeji tedduɗi ina mbaɗi yimɓe mawɓe e nder leydi ndii kala, ko wayi no [[Sam Ikoku]], [[Abubakar Rimi]], [[Chinua Achebe]], [[Wole Soyinka]], [[Yusufu Bala Usman]], [[Umaru Musa Yar'Adua|Umaru Musa Yar’Adua]], [[Sule Lamiɗo|Sule Lamido]], [[Ghali Umar Na'Abba|Ghali Umar Na’Abba]], [[Sabo Bakin Zuwo|Sabo Bakin Zuke]], Michael Im Udditgol ngol e lewru Oktoobar ina wiyee addani "yimɓe heewɓe ɓe ngoongɗinaaka e nder kala fannu nguurndam."<ref name=":283">{{Cite book|last=Auwalu|first=Anwar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WYurDwAAQBAJ|title=Politics as Dashed Hopes in Nigeria|date=2019-08-23|publisher=Safari Books Ltd|isbn=978-978-55986-5-0|language=en}}</ref>: 62–65 <ref name=":327">{{Cite book|last=Oyediran|first=Oyeleye|author-link=Oyeleye Oyediran|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerian1979elec00oyed|title=The Nigerian 1979 elections|date=1981|publisher=Illupeju, Lagos [Nigeria] : Macmillan Nigeria|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-333-31786-0}}</ref>: 56–58 === 1979 suɓol leydi Najeriya === Winndannde mawnde: Suɓngo hooreejo leydi Nijeer e hitaande 1979 Wooteeji mbaɗaama hakkunde 7 [[lewru]] juko e 11 [[lewru]] bowte hitaande 1979. Ko lanndaaji joy tan mbaawi tawtoreede ɗeen wooteeji, so wonaa NPN e PRP, tati keddiiɗi ɗii ko Awolowo ardii lannda ngootaagu leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] (UPN), Azikiwe ardii lannda yimɓe leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] (NPP), e lannda leñol Nijeer (NPP), e lannda leñol [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] mawɗo ( Wahirid ''People's Party''). NPC ko politik. Suɓol ngol woni arandewol ngol waɗaama nder duuɓi 15, ngol woni arandewol nder Fuunaange lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] ngol rewɓe ɗon mari haaje tawtoreede. Aminu suɓaama ngam wonde kanndidaa hooreejo leydi PRP, kono FEDECO salii mo yamiroore ngam tawtoreede woote sabu ŋakkeende to bannge njoɓdi, o ɗaɓɓiraa ko yo o rokku « hujjaaji ɓurɗi laaɓtude ». Aminu salii yoɓde kala ko yowitii e njoɓdi ndi wonaa njoɓdi ndi ɓe ndokki [[Naajeeriya]] fof tawa ko e njoɓdi. O laɓɓinaama haa jooni ɓaawo bayyinaango ñaawirdu yalti ngam wallitde Aminu wiyde o waasaani yoɓde njoɓdi.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ojo|first=Olatunde J. B.|date=1981|title=The Impact of Personality and Ethnicity on the Nigerian Elections of 1979|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4185981|journal=Africa Today|volume=28|issue=1|pages=47–58|jstor=4185981|issn=0001-9887}}</ref> Ina ɓeydoo laaɓtude wonde NPN ina « jogori heɓde laamu » nde wooteeji ɗii njahrata yeeso. Caggal nde lannda kaa heɓi nafoore mawnde e wooteeji Asaambele ngenndi, lanndaaji tawtoraaɗi ɗii puɗɗii eɓɓude e sosde nanondiral. Ñalnde 28 sulyee, lanndaaji tati e nder lanndaaji joy ɗii — woni UPN, NPP, e GNPP — kawri to Lagos ngam waɗde fedde ngam haɓaade NPN. PRP noddaama ngam naatde e ndee fedde kono jaabaaki.[72] Ko nanndi e ɗuum, ko NPN ƴetti e PRP rewrude e Shehu Shagari, kanndidaa NPN ngam suɓaade hooreejo leydi. E nder deftere makko, o wiyi o waɗii ndee eɓɓaande ko nde Aminu woni e etaade heɓde FEDECO ngam laaɓtinde mo. O etinooma faamnude Aminu yo yaltu e woote gardagol leydi « nde tawnoo enen ɗiɗo fof eɗen nganndi fartaŋŋe makko ina ŋakki ». E nder ɗuum, PRP ina waawi ɓurde tiiɗnaade e wooteeji goɗɗi ɗii, e « tawtoreede laamu fedde NPN ». E wiyde Shagari, Aminu jaɓii kono ko e sarɗiiji ɗiɗi : maa o yeewtid e terɗe lannda makko, o ɗaɓɓa yamiroore, kadi o luulnda kuulal ngal FEDECO ƴetti e ñaawirdu ngam « daranaade innde makko moƴƴere ». Aminu laɓɓinaama ñalnde 1 ut 1979, waktuuji seeɗa ko adii lajal toɗɗagol hooreejo leydi. O ummiima Kano o fayti Lagos ñalnde heen ngam waɗde kaayitaaji makko to FEDECO. Ɗum addani Shagari wiyde wonde PRP jaɓaani nanondiral maɓɓe ngal.[30]: 225 [73][74]: 90 Woote hooreleydaagu baɗnooɗe ñalnde 11 ut, Aminu heɓi tan ko e nder diiwaan mum Kano, ɗo o dañi 76% e wooteeji ɗii. E nder leydi ndii fof, o dañii 1 732 113 woote, ko ina tolnoo e 10% e wooteeji ɗi o heɓi ɗii fof.[69]: 187 PRP ƴettii woote ɗee no hare e nder Kano nii, o waɗii kampaañ propagande yaajɗo ngam ɓamtude ndeeɗoo daartol, addani lannda oo heɓde nafoore mawnde e nder leydi ndii dowla.<ref name=":326">{{Cite book|last=Oyediran|first=Oyeleye|author-link=Oyeleye Oyediran|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerian1979elec00oyed|title=The Nigerian 1979 elections|date=1981|publisher=Illupeju, Lagos [Nigeria] : Macmillan Nigeria|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-333-31786-0}}</ref>: 110 <ref name=":332">{{Cite book|last=Mwakikagile|first=Godfrey|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gqTjUjdvTQwC|title=Ethnic Politics in Kenya and Nigeria|date=2001|publisher=Nova Publishers|isbn=978-1-56072-967-9|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Bienen|first=Henry|url=http://archive.org/details/politicalconflic0000bien|title=Political conflict and economic change in Nigeria|date=1985|publisher=London, England; Totowa, N.J. : F. Cass|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-1-135-17409-5}}</ref>: 83 Yanti heen, PRP heɓi nafooje e wooteeji ɗiɗi guwerneeruuji : [[Abubakar Rimi]] to [[Kano]] (e 79% e wooteeji) e [[Balarabe Musa]] to [[Kaduna]] (e 45% e wooteeji). E wiyde Shagari, Aminu ko kampaañ baawɗo golle, tee "ina teskii yimɓe no feewi, ina yurminii ɓe no feewi" kono o waawaano ɓurde nafoore e nder leydi ndii fof sabu "PRP makko ina ŋakki njuɓɓudi mawndi e kaɓirɗe potɗe huutoreede ngam kampaañ moƴƴo e nder leydi ndii kala".<ref name=":303">{{Cite book|last=Shagari|first=Shehu Usman Aliyu|url=http://archive.org/details/shehushagaribeck0000shag|title=Shehu Shagari : Beckoned To Serve : an autobiography|date=2001|publisher=Nigeria : Heinemann ed. books (Nigeria) plc|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-978-129-932-2|author-link=Shehu Shagari}}</ref>: 223 Ñalnde 16 lewru nduu, FEDECO yaltini njeñtudi woote gardagol leydi ndii. Shagari hollitaama ko kañum heɓi 5 688 857 woote e nder leydi ndii kala.<ref name=":325">{{Cite book|last=Oyediran|first=Oyeleye|author-link=Oyeleye Oyediran|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerian1979elec00oyed|title=The Nigerian 1979 elections|date=1981|publisher=Illupeju, Lagos [Nigeria] : Macmillan Nigeria|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-333-31786-0}}</ref>: 139 === Jaabawuuli === Anndinoore FEDECO ndee ina waɗi luural, sibu Azikiwe, lomtii lanndaaji nay ɗi keɓaani nafoore, salii "e nder mum fof, tawa alaa ko heddii heen, bayyinaango Alhaji [[Shehu Shagari]] wonde hooreejo leydi cuɓaaɗo".<ref name=":322">{{Cite book|last=Oyediran|first=Oyeleye|author-link=Oyeleye Oyediran|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerian1979elec00oyed|title=The Nigerian 1979 elections|date=1981|publisher=Illupeju, Lagos [Nigeria] : Macmillan Nigeria|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-333-31786-0}}</ref>: 145 <ref>{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: UNSUCCESSFUL CANDIDATES OPPOSE DECLARATION OF NEW PRESIDENT BY ELECTORAL COMMISSION.|url=https://reuters.screenocean.com/record/1053477|access-date=2024-03-01|website=Reuters Archive Licensing|language=en|type=video}}</ref> Ñaawirde Supree e Awolo app eeraango.<ref name=":323">{{Cite book|last=Oyediran|first=Oyeleye|author-link=Oyeleye Oyediran|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerian1979elec00oyed|title=The Nigerian 1979 elections|date=1981|publisher=Illupeju, Lagos [Nigeria] : Macmillan Nigeria|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-333-31786-0}}</ref>: 148 Caggal nde Shagari bayyinaa wonde hooreejo leydi cuɓaaɗo, kawral hakkunde lanndaaji luulndiiɗi ɗii, tawi jooni ina jeyaa heen PRP, tiiɗtii, ɗum addani NPN laamɗo oo yiylaade kawral mum. Ɓe ɓami lanndaaji nay keddiiɗi ɗii ngam fuɗɗoraade kaaldigal, ko PRP adii jaɓde, e wiyde Shagari. Kono ko NPP Azikiwe joofni e ‘nanondiral’ e lannda laamu nguu. Sarɗiiji nanondiral ngal, ko wakili’en lanndaaji ɗiɗi ɗii njoofni ñalnde 22 ut, balɗe ɗiɗi caggal nde Azikiwe haali konngol mum ngam salaade bayyinaango Shagari. Batuuji jowitiiɗi e sarɗiiji nanondiral ngal puɗɗii ko ñalnde 20 ut, ñalngu nguu konngol ngol waɗi. E wiyde daartoowo biyeteeɗo [[Oyeleye Oyediran]], gooto e nanondiral baɗngal e nder batuuji ɗii ko feewti e Aminu, holliri wonde "peeje keertiiɗe ina poti waɗeede ngam Alhaji Aminu Kano, hooreejo PRP, ko lannda makko ngam naatde e fedde nde."<ref name=":324">{{Cite book|last=Oyediran|first=Oyeleye|author-link=Oyeleye Oyediran|url=http://archive.org/details/nigerian1979elec00oyed|title=The Nigerian 1979 elections|date=1981|publisher=Illupeju, Lagos [Nigeria] : Macmillan Nigeria|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-333-31786-0}}</ref>: 156–158 Ko ɓuri hitaande e nder laamu Shagari, nanondiral NPN-NPP ngal yanii hay so tawii lannda laamu nguu rokkii terɗe NPP geɗe ardorde teeŋtuɗe. Nanondiral ngal joofi ko ñalnde 6 sulyee 1981, caggal nanondiral hakkunde lanndaaji ɗiɗi ɗii.<ref name=":348">{{Cite journal|last=Diamond|first=Larry|author-link=Larry Diamond|date=1982|title=Cleavage, Conflict, and Anxiety in the Second Nigerian Republic|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/160342|journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies|volume=20|issue=4|pages=629–668|doi=10.1017/S0022278X00000288|jstor=160342|issn=0022-278X|url-access=subscription}}</ref> === PRP feccii === Won e lebbi e nder Republique ɗiɗaɓo, guwerneeruuji 9 ummoriiɗi e UPN, GNPP, e PRP mbaɗii batuuji lewru kala ɗo ɓe mbaɗi jeewte e ɓe ndarni wullitaango maɓɓe e laamu Shagari. Ɓeen guwerneeruuji njiytiraa ko no luulndo politik ɓurngo mawnude e lannda laamu nguu. Ɗum addani PRP jiiɓru nde tawnoo ardiiɓe lannda ka ɓurɓe waawde – hooreejo mum Aminu e Sekereteer mum ngenndiijo, S.G. Ikoku – teeŋtinii gollondiral e NPN, won heen terɗe ɓurɗe radikal, ina heen guwerneeruuji ɗiɗi ɗii, [[Abubakar Rimi]] e [[Balarabe Musa]], kamɓe ɗiɗo fof ko ɓe terɗe niver the Goun N luulndii kala sifaa gollondiral.<ref name=":349">{{Cite journal|last=Diamond|first=Larry|author-link=Larry Diamond|date=1982|title=Cleavage, Conflict, and Anxiety in the Second Nigerian Republic|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/160342|journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies|volume=20|issue=4|pages=629–668|doi=10.1017/S0022278X00000288|jstor=160342|issn=0022-278X|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Feddeeji ɗiɗi mbaɗi e nder lannda kaa. Fedde 'radical' ndee ko ɓuri heewde ko "ina tiiɗi e waylo-waylo radikal e doosɗe sosiyaalist en." Ɓe njoginoo ko yiɗde "jokkondiral udditiingal hakkunde doole kisal". Ina waɗi heen yoga e terɗe sosɗe lannda kaa, ko ɓuri heewde e terɗe suudu sarɗiiji mayru, annduɓe mayri teeŋtuɓe, e guwerneeruuji ɗiɗi ɗii. Nde wonnoo fedde woɗnde ndee ko terɗe lannda ɓurɗe teskin’de e miijooji ceertuɗi. Ɓe cemmbini ‘neɗɗaagu demokaraasi’ ɓurngu yooɗde e Aminu Kano, ɓe njogii ko miijo wonde haɓde e laamu Shagari “ina foti rokkude, ko famɗi fof, e oo sahaa, ko foti wonde darnde ngootaagu ngenndi e gollondiral hakkunde lanndaaji.” Ndee fedde ina waɗi leftist en mawɓe—hono Ikoku—njulaagu, annduɓe, e terɗe lannda goɗɗe lolluɗe e Aminu.<ref name=":3410">{{Cite journal|last=Diamond|first=Larry|author-link=Larry Diamond|date=1982|title=Cleavage, Conflict, and Anxiety in the Second Nigerian Republic|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/160342|journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies|volume=20|issue=4|pages=629–668|doi=10.1017/S0022278X00000288|jstor=160342|issn=0022-278X|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Joseph|first=Richard A.|url=http://archive.org/details/democracyprebend0000jose|title=Democracy and prebendal politics in Nigeria : the rise and fall of the Second Republic|date=1987|publisher=Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]; New York : Cambridge University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-521-34136-3}}</ref>: 143 Fedde radikal ndee wiyetee ko Santsi (‘slippery’ e ɗemngal Hausa) caggal nde Aminu wiyi ɓe ngoni ko e ŋoral ŋoral. Rimi jaabii ndeen wonde ‘won e ardiiɓe lanndaaji’ ‘ina njuɓɓina e nder loope’, ko ɗum waɗi fedde daraniiɓe Aminu ndee ina wiyee Taɓo (‘loope’ e ɗemngal Hausa).<ref name=":282">{{Cite book|last=Auwalu|first=Anwar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WYurDwAAQBAJ|title=Politics as Dashed Hopes in Nigeria|date=2019-08-23|publisher=Safari Books Ltd|isbn=978-978-55986-5-0|language=en}}</ref>: 432 <ref>{{Cite news|last=Jega|first=Mahmud|title=Red, Blue and Swing States|url=https://issuu.com/thisdaylive/docs/tdla_0116_5adc568f6292ba|work=Thisday Newspapers|pages=48}}</ref> E nder ndunngu 1980, nde Aminu woni caggal leydi ngam safrude, ardorde PRP haɗi guwerneeruuji ɗiɗi ɗii tawtoreede batuuji guwerneeruuji jeenay ɗii. Nde o arti, o waawaano jokkondirde hakkunde pelle ɗiɗi ɗee, o jokkondiri e fedde Taɓo, o jaɓi heen golle sosngo lannda. Nde guwerneeruuji ɗiɗo ɗii ndartini tawtoreede batuuji ɗii hay so tawii ko yamiroore nde, ɓe ndiiwaa e lannda kaa. E nder jaabawol, fedde Santsi, wiynde ko PRP goonga, noddi batu lannda e lewru desaambar 1980, ɗo ɓe ndiiwi Aminu e Ikoku, ɓe lomtini ɗum en mawɗo [[Michael Imoudu|Michael Imodu]] e [[Abubakar Rimi]]. Kono, hay so tawii noon ko heewi e depiteeji PRP ina ngondi e fedde Santsi, FEDECO jaɓii Aminu wonde hooreejo PRP laawɗuɗo.<ref name=":347">{{Cite journal|last=Diamond|first=Larry|author-link=Larry Diamond|date=1982|title=Cleavage, Conflict, and Anxiety in the Second Nigerian Republic|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/160342|journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies|volume=20|issue=4|pages=629–668|doi=10.1017/S0022278X00000288|jstor=160342|issn=0022-278X|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name=":346">{{Cite journal|last=Diamond|first=Larry|author-link=Larry Diamond|date=1982|title=Cleavage, Conflict, and Anxiety in the Second Nigerian Republic|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/160342|journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies|volume=20|issue=4|pages=629–668|doi=10.1017/S0022278X00000288|jstor=160342|issn=0022-278X|url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 13 [[File:Aminu Kano and Abubakar Rimi.jpg|thumb|Aminu e Abuubakar rimi. Ina gasa tawa ƴettaa ko adii nde lannda kaa feccata.]] Feddeeji ɗiɗi mbaɗi e nder lannda kaa. Fedde 'radical' ndee ko ɓuri heewde ko "ina tiiɗi e waylo-waylo radikal e doosɗe sosiyaalist en." Ɓe njoginoo ko yiɗde "jokkondiral udditiingal hakkunde doole kisal". Ina waɗi heen yoga e terɗe sosɗe lannda kaa, ko ɓuri heewde e terɗe suudu sarɗiiji mayru, annduɓe mayri teeŋtuɓe, e guwerneeruuji ɗiɗi ɗii. Nde wonnoo fedde woɗnde ndee ko terɗe lannda ɓurɗe teskin’de e miijooji ceertuɗi. Ɓe cemmbini ‘neɗɗaagu demokaraasi’ ɓurngu yooɗde e Aminu Kano, ɓe njogii ko miijo wonde haɓde e laamu Shagari “ina foti rokkude, ko famɗi fof, e oo sahaa, ko foti wonde darnde ngootaagu ngenndi e gollondiral hakkunde lanndaaji.” Ndee fedde ina waɗi leftist en mawɓe—hono Ikoku—njulaagu, annduɓe, e terɗe lannda goɗɗe lolluɗe e Aminu.<ref name=":345">{{Cite journal|last=Diamond|first=Larry|author-link=Larry Diamond|date=1982|title=Cleavage, Conflict, and Anxiety in the Second Nigerian Republic|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/160342|journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies|volume=20|issue=4|pages=629–668|doi=10.1017/S0022278X00000288|jstor=160342|issn=0022-278X|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Joseph|first=Richard A.|url=http://archive.org/details/democracyprebend0000jose|title=Democracy and prebendal politics in Nigeria : the rise and fall of the Second Republic|date=1987|publisher=Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]; New York : Cambridge University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-521-34136-3}}</ref>: 143 Fedde radikal ndee wiyetee ko Santsi (‘''slippery''’ e ɗemngal Hausa) caggal nde Aminu wiyi ɓe ngoni ko e ŋoral ŋoral. Rimi jaabii ndeen wonde ‘won e ardiiɓe lanndaaji’ ‘ina njuɓɓina e nder loope’, ko ɗum waɗi fedde daraniiɓe Aminu ndee ina wiyee Taɓo (‘loope’ e ɗemngal Hausa).<ref name=":28">{{Cite book|last=Auwalu|first=Anwar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WYurDwAAQBAJ|title=Politics as Dashed Hopes in Nigeria|date=2019-08-23|publisher=Safari Books Ltd|isbn=978-978-55986-5-0|language=en}}</ref>: 432 <ref>{{Cite news|last=Jega|first=Mahmud|title=Red, Blue and Swing States|url=https://issuu.com/thisdaylive/docs/tdla_0116_5adc568f6292ba|work=Thisday Newspapers|pages=48}}</ref> E nder ndunngu 1980, nde Aminu woni caggal leydi ngam safrude, ardorde PRP haɗi guwerneeruuji ɗiɗi ɗii tawtoreede batuuji guwerneeruuji jeenay ɗii. Nde o arti, o waawaano jokkondirde hakkunde pelle ɗiɗi ɗee, o jokkondiri e fedde Taɓo, o jaɓi heen golle sosngo lannda. Nde guwerneeruuji ɗiɗo ɗii ndartini tawtoreede batuuji ɗii hay so tawii ko yamiroore nde, ɓe ndiiwaa e lannda kaa. E nder jaabawol, fedde Santsi, wiynde ko PRP goonga, noddi batu lannda e lewru desaambar 1980, ɗo ɓe ndiiwi Aminu e Ikoku, ɓe lomtini ɗum en mawɗo [[Michael Imoudu|Michael Imodu]] e [[Abubakar Rimi]]. Kono, hay so tawii noon ko heewi e depiteeji PRP ina ngondi e fedde Santsi, FEDECO jaɓii Aminu wonde hooreejo PRP laawɗuɗo.<ref name=":344">{{Cite journal|last=Diamond|first=Larry|author-link=Larry Diamond|date=1982|title=Cleavage, Conflict, and Anxiety in the Second Nigerian Republic|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/160342|journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies|volume=20|issue=4|pages=629–668|doi=10.1017/S0022278X00000288|jstor=160342|issn=0022-278X|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Jr.|first=C S Whitaker|url=http://archive.org/details/perspectivesonse0000unse|title=Perspectives on the second republic in Nigeria|date=1981|publisher=Waltham, Mass. : Crossroads Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-918456-43-4}}</ref>: 13 === 1981 Kano fitina === Ñalnde 7 sulyee 1981, guwerneer Rimi yaltini ɓataake feewde e ''Emir'' [[Kano]], hono [[Ado Bayero]], ina tuuma ɗum wonde o anniyaaki hormaade laamu diiwaan Kano. Ɓataake oo ina ɗaɓɓi jaabawol e nder waktuuji 48 ngam hollirde hol ko waɗi kuule diisnondiral fotaani ƴetteede. Ɓataake oo siforaama e jaaynde wiyeteende ''West Africa'' wonde « ɓuri waasde hormaade... ina fotnoo wasiyaade binndoowo, kono... ina fotnoo haaldude e hooreejo aadaaji e diine [teddinaaɗo] ». Diineeji e hakkillaaji goɗɗi cemmbinɗi kadi ñiŋii ɓataake oo, kam e kaalirde fedde Taɓo. NPN huutoriima ngonka kaa ko yaawi, e wiyde "yimɓe moƴƴuɓe" yo "rewru e juɓɓule mum en gaadanteeje".<ref name=":343">{{Cite journal|last=Diamond|first=Larry|author-link=Larry Diamond|date=1982|title=Cleavage, Conflict, and Anxiety in the Second Nigerian Republic|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/160342|journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies|volume=20|issue=4|pages=629–668|doi=10.1017/S0022278X00000288|jstor=160342|issn=0022-278X|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Fitinaaji puɗɗii ñalnde 10 sulyee 1981, to Kano, tawi ko cuuɗi laamu keewɗi wuli, ina jeyaa heen Sekretariyaa laamu leydi ndii, Rajo Kano, e suudu sarɗiiji leydi ndii. Joɗnde fedde Santsi e hoɗorɗe mawɓe e laamu Rimi kadi ko ko njiylotonoo. Doktoor [[Bala Mohammed Bauchi]], mawɗo jaagorgal Rimi to bannge politik, kadi ko kañum woni ganndo mawɗo e nder lannda ka, maayi e nder yiite ngee. Jaaynde [[Afrik]] worgo limtii bonnugol fitinaaji ɗii fof ko ₦100 miliyoŋ e nder tonngoode mum 20 sulyee 1981. Ardiiɓe fedde Santsi tuumi NPN e Aminu ko kamɓe njuɓɓini fitinaaji ɗii ngam "reende doole maɓɓe politik".<ref name=":342">{{Cite journal|last=Diamond|first=Larry|author-link=Larry Diamond|date=1982|title=Cleavage, Conflict, and Anxiety in the Second Nigerian Republic|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/160342|journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies|volume=20|issue=4|pages=629–668|doi=10.1017/S0022278X00000288|jstor=160342|issn=0022-278X|url-access=subscription}}</ref> === Caggal mum === Warngo Doktoor Bala Mohammed ɓeydii luggiɗde e feccere e nder PRP. Ko adii hitaande nde, Balarabe Musa, guwerneer PRP mo Kaduna, ƴaɓɓii laamu e suudu sarɗiiji leydi ndi NPN ɓuri heewde. E hitaande 1982, o yaltini deftere wiyeteende « Hare ngam waylude renndo e faggudu » , o tuumi heen Aminu wonde ko kañum yuɓɓini warngooji baɗnooɗi e hitaande 1981 ɗii. Musa ɓeydi heen wonde hay so tawii "denndaangal haalaaji makko, taali makko, geɗe makko, e peeje makko, Mallam Aminu Kano waawaano heɓde laamu men e ko ɓuri heewde e lannda kaa ngam janfaade Porogaraam men mawɗo oo."<ref>{{Cite book|last=Musa|first=Balarabe|author-link=Abdulkadir Balarabe Musa|url=http://archive.org/details/struggleforsocia0000musa|title=Struggle for social and economic change|date=1982|publisher=Zaria : Northern Nigerian Pub. Co.|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-978-169-216-1}}</ref>: 162 Caggal nde terɗe keewɗe jogiiɗe doole e nder PRP riiwaa, fedde Santsi ndee feccii, sabu geɗe bayɗe no wooteeji, kiris nguurndam, e luural peeñngal. [[Abubakar Rimi]] naati e NPP Azikiwe, [[Balarabe Muusa]] etinooma jokkondirde e Aminu.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Abdulraheem|first1=Tajudeen|last2=Olukoshi|first2=Adebayo|date=1986|title=The Left in Nigerian Politics and the Struggle for Socialism: 1945-1985|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4005819|journal=Review of African Political Economy|issue=37|pages=64–80|jstor=4005819|issn=0305-6244}}</ref> Musa hollitii e yeewtere 2012 wonde rafi Aminu e nder ooɗoo sahaa addi mo « ko ɓuri heewde e ko o anndaa ko woni e sara makko », ko ɗum « won e yimɓe bonɓe wonɓe e sara makko ». Muusaa siftini kadi anniya Aminu ngam yuɓɓinde batu nanondiral e galle mum, kono cellal makko bonngal haɗi ɗum, ɗum addani mo maayde haa jooni.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Tilde|first=Dr Aliyu U.|date=2012-05-26|title=Interview (1): An Evening with Balarabe Musa|url=https://aliyuutilde.wordpress.com/2012/05/26/interview-1-an-evening-with-balarabe-musa/|access-date=2024-03-23|website=Discourse With Dr. Tilde|language=en}}</ref> E nder heblo woote hooreleydaagu 1983, Aminu suɓii Bola Ogunbo ngam won'de hooreejo leydi ndii, ko ngol woni go'o ko debbo ina jogori jogaade darnde e nder leydi ndii.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Mama|first=Amina|date=1995|title=Feminism or Femocracy? State Feminism and Democratisation in Nigeria|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43657968|journal=Africa Development / Afrique et Développement|volume=20|issue=1|pages=37–58|jstor=43657968|issn=0850-3907}}</ref> Kono o sankii ko ñalnde 17 abriil 1983, lebbi keewɗi ko adii woote ɗee.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Mahmud|first=Sakah S.|date=1988|editor-last=Feinstein|editor-first=Alan|title=Mallam Aminu Kano and the Politics of Change in Nigeria|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4186467|journal=Africa Today|volume=35|issue=1|pages=57–60|jstor=4186467|issn=0001-9887}}</ref> == Wade == Caggal nde o dañi rafi mboros bonɗo sabu rafi mboros cerebral, Aminu Kano sankii ñalnde 17 abriil 1983 to galle makko to [[Kano]]. O wirnaa ko ñalnde heen e nder galle makko.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Aminu Kano {{!}} Zaccheus Onumba Dibiaezue Memorial Libraries|url=https://zodml.org/discover-nigeria/people/historicalpeople/aminu-kano|access-date=2024-04-11|website=zodml.org}}</ref> Gila hitaande 2001, hitaande kala, ñalngu mawningol maayde makko ina waɗee e nder galle [[Mambayya]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Dori|first=Gambo|date=20 April 2018|title=Musings from Aminu Kano's 35th anniversary for the 17th yr on 17th April|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/04/musings-from-aminu-kanos-35th-anniversary-for-the-17th-yr-on-17th-april/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}</ref> == Njawdi == Naajeeriya waawataa wonde noon kadi sabu Aminu Kano ina hoɗi ɗoo. — [[Chinua Achebe]], Natal [[Afrik]] / Caɗeele e [[Naajeeriya]] Batte Aminu ina njokki e ƴellitaade e nder politik leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] ko juuti caggal maayde makko. Heewɓe e almuɓɓe makko gila e balɗe makko e nder PRP njahi haa ɓe ngonti yimɓe mawɓe e nder politik leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]], haa teeŋti noon e jamaanu Republique nayaɓere (1999—hannde). Teskaama e nder ɓeeɗoo politikaaji ko [[Sule Lamiɗo|Sule Lamido]], gonnooɗo guwerneer Jigawa tuggi 2007 haa 2015, e teddungal Aminu, mahii ''Triangle'' Mallam Aminu Kano to [[Dutse]];<ref>{{Cite news|last=Gaya|first=Suleiman Uba|date=8 March 2015|title=Sule Lamido and the Jigawa Narrative|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/03/sule-lamido-and-the-jigawa-narrative/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}</ref> [[Ghali Umar Na'Abba]]; joginooɗo jappeere hooreejo suudu sarɗiiji leydi ndii tuggi3990. e ɓurɗo teeŋtude, [[Umaru Musa Yar'Adua]], gardinooɗo leydi Nijeer gila 2007 haa o maayi ñalnde 5 [[lewru]] mbooy hitaande 2010.<ref name=":317">{{Citation|last1=Salau|first1=Mohammed Bashir|title=Aminu Kano|date=2024-01-30|encyclopedia=Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History|url=https://oxfordre.com/africanhistory/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.001.0001/acrefore-9780190277734-e-590|access-date=2024-02-17|language=en|doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.590|isbn=978-0-19-027773-4|last2=Oluokun|first2=Oyedele|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Adekaiyaoja|first=Afolabi|date=2022-07-07|title=Rabiu Kwankwaso and the Legacy of Aminu Kano|url=https://republic.com.ng/june-july-2022/kwankwaso-kano/|access-date=2024-04-25|website=The Republic|language=en-GB}}</ref> Ina gasa tawa maande ɓurnde tiiɗde e batte Aminu jokkuɗe e politik leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] ina yiyee e nder diiwaan makko [[Kano]]. Politiyankooɓe yiɗɓe ballal ''talakawa'' ina keewi wiyde ko kamɓe ngoni ‘lomtiiɓe Aminu Kano’, tawi ko gonnooɗo guwerneer diiwaan [[Kano]] e ƴamoowo hooreejo leydi [[Rabiu Kwankwaso]] woni yeru maantinɗo.<ref name=":316">{{Citation|last1=Salau|first1=Mohammed Bashir|title=Aminu Kano|date=2024-01-30|encyclopedia=Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History|url=https://oxfordre.com/africanhistory/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.001.0001/acrefore-9780190277734-e-590|access-date=2024-02-17|language=en|doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.590|isbn=978-0-19-027773-4|last2=Oluokun|first2=Oyedele|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name=":352">{{Cite web|last=Tilde|first=Dr Aliyu U.|date=2012-06-15|title=Interview (4): Kwankwaso|url=https://aliyuutilde.wordpress.com/2012/06/15/interview-4-kwankwaso/|access-date=2024-04-25|website=Discourse With Dr. Tilde|language=en}}</ref> [[File:Kwankwasiyya May 29 2011.jpeg|thumb|Natal ngal ƴettaa ko to [[Kano]] e sahaa nde Kwankwaso toɗɗaa e gardagol guwerneer Kano e hitaande 2011, ngalɗoo natal ina hollita almuɓɓe makko, anndiraaɓe [[Kwankwasiyya]]. Ɓe mbeltiniri cappanɗe boɗeeje, limce daneeje, e paɗe ɓaleeje, ɗe njibinaama e mbaydi siyno Aminu, ndi Kwankwaso ƴetti caggal mum.<ref name=":35">{{Cite web|last=Tilde|first=Dr Aliyu U.|date=2012-06-15|title=Interview (4): Kwankwaso|url=https://aliyuutilde.wordpress.com/2012/06/15/interview-4-kwankwaso/|access-date=2024-04-25|website=Discourse With Dr. Tilde|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Abuh|first=Adamu|date=3 November 2015|title='Our Kwankwasiya ideology improved the lot of Kano indigenes'|url=https://guardian.ng/features/our-kwankwasiya-ideology-improved-the-lot-of-kano-indigenes/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}</ref>]] === Sinemaaji e pijirlooji Hausa === Ƴeew kadi: Sinema ɗemngal Hausa Nde o woni suka, Aminu ina heewi waɗde pijirlooji ɗi o huutortoo ngam waɗde "wullitaango makko, ñiŋooje makko, e yiɗdeeji makko e mbaadi pijirlooji". E nder ɗeen pijirlooji, o heewnoo ko reende darnde ardiinde ndee e hoore makko, o rokka geɗe goɗɗe ɗee wondiiɓe makko pijirlooji ɗii.<ref name=":126">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 43–44 Caggal ɗuum, nde o woni almuudo to duɗal hakkundeewal [[Kano]], o woni gadano winndude golle pijirlooji e ɗemngal Hausa.<ref name=":26">{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/literaturesinafr0000unse|title=Literatures in African languages : theoretical issues and sample surveys|date=1985|publisher=Cambridge; New York : Cambridge University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-521-25646-9|editor-last=Andrzejewski|editor-first=B. W.|pages=243|editor-last2=Piłaszewicz|editor-first2=S.|editor-last3=Tyloch|editor-first3=W.}}</ref>:228<ref>{{Cite book|last=Gar|first=Yusuf Baba|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jFjfEAAAQBAJ|title=Capturing Culture: Traditional Theater in Contemporary Hausa Video Films|date=2024-01-18|publisher=LIT Verlag|isbn=978-3-643-96410-6|pages=81|language=en}}</ref> Which heduna the 92 sosi Fedde Dramatique, o winndi heen pijirlooji keewɗi ɗi o: ...ƴami huuwugo yimɓe ɗuuɗɓe nden ɓe ɗon ƴama system emiraaji haa woyla lesdi [[Naajeeriya]]. E nder pijirlooji ɗii, ''Kai wane ne a kasuwar'' [[Kano]] ''da ba za a cuce ka ba''? (‘Ko mbaaw-ɗaa wonde fof, aɗa foolee e luumo [[Kano]]’) o hollitii huutoraade yimɓe leydi e juuɗe njulaagu ɓe ngalaa ɓerɗe, e nder ''Karya Fure take ba ta ‘ya’ya'' (‘Fenaande ina ɓuuɓna kono alaa ko heɓata’) o umminii caɗeele njoɓdi ɓurtundi ndi yimɓe teeru [[Hausa language|Hausa]] en njoɓata. E nder duuɓi 1939—1941 Aminu Kano winndi ko ina tolnoo e pijirlooji juutɗi capanɗe ɗiɗi ngam huutoraade duɗe ɗe o jaɓaani yoga e aadaaji nokkuuji ɓooyɗi kam e golle laamu ngenndi e nder njuɓɓudi njuɓɓudi koloñaal ndi wonaa to bannge njuɓɓudi.<ref name=":1411">{{Cite book|last=Paden|first=John N.|url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicenterprise00ligh|title=Religion and political culture in Kano|date=1973|publisher=Berkeley, University of California Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-520-01738-2}}</ref>:276 <ref name=":25">{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/literaturesinafr0000unse|title=Literatures in African languages : theoretical issues and sample surveys|date=1985|publisher=Cambridge; New York : Cambridge University Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-521-25646-9|editor-last=Andrzejewski|editor-first=B. W.|pages=243|editor-last2=Piłaszewicz|editor-first2=S.|editor-last3=Tyloch|editor-first3=W.}}</ref>228 <ref name=":34">{{Cite book|last=Adamu|first=Abdalla Uba|url=https://auadamu.com/phocadownload/Conference_Presentations/Media_and_Cultural_Communication_Presentations/2005%20Read%20to%20Reel%20-%20Transformation%20of%20Hausa%20Popular%20Literature%20from%20Orality%20to%20Visuality.pdf|title=Read to Reel: Transformation of Hausa Popular Literature from Orality to Visuality|publisher=Department of Mass Communication Bayero University, Kano|year=2005|pages=8–9}}</ref>: E hitaande 1940, e nder batu kuuɓtodinngu ɗiɗaɓuru hitaande kala fedde sukaaɓe mawɓe [[Kaduna]] (hannde Fedde sukaaɓe mawɓe Barewa), batu ɗo almudɓe duɗal ngal « kawri e yeewtere welnde hakkunde mum en », Aminu, e oon sahaa ko almuudo haa jooni, yuɓɓini pijirlooji mum ''Kai wane ne a kasuwar'' Kanotendees to KOBA. E wiyde [[Abubakar Imam]], jeyaaɗo e tawtoraaɓe ɓee, ‘yiylotooɓe’ ɓee njiyri pijirlooji ɗii ko no « politik nii, baawɗi bonnude ko ɓuri moƴƴude e deeƴre diiwaan oo, haa teeŋti noon e hare winndereere » . Ɗum addani ardiiɓe duɗal ngal salaade jaɓɓaade kala batuuji garooji e jokkondirde e KOBA.<ref name=":10">{{Cite book|last=Imam|first=Abubakar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yawsAAAAIAAJ|title=The Abubakar Imam Memoirs|date=1989|publisher=NNPC|isbn=978-978-169-308-3|language=en}}</ref>: 162 Aminu heɓi heen miijo mum ko e winndooɓe mawɓe hono Sekseer,<ref>{{Cite book|last=Clark|first=Trevor|url=http://archive.org/details/wasitonlyyesterd0000unse|title=Was it only yesterday? : the last generation of Nigeria's "Turawa"|publisher=Bristol : BECM Press|others=Internet Archive|year=2002|isbn=978-0-9530174-7-8}}</ref>: 284 Rousseau, Voltaire, e Tom Paine, e etaade waylude golle mum en ngam heɗtiiɓe Hausa en.<ref name=":33">{{Cite book|last=Adamu|first=Abdalla Uba|url=https://auadamu.com/phocadownload/Conference_Presentations/Media_and_Cultural_Communication_Presentations/2005%20Read%20to%20Reel%20-%20Transformation%20of%20Hausa%20Popular%20Literature%20from%20Orality%20to%20Visuality.pdf|title=Read to Reel: Transformation of Hausa Popular Literature from Orality to Visuality|publisher=Department of Mass Communication Bayero University, Kano|year=2005|pages=8–9}}</ref> O heewi wonde ko binndoowo pijirlooji, fijoowo, e gardotooɗo e nder pijirlooji makko, sahaa e sahaa fof omo wayla binndanɗe e pijirlooji walla omo huutoroo geɗe asliije tiiɗɗe. Kanko e gollodiiɓe makko ɓe mbaɗii dingiral, ɓe noddi yimɓe ɓee ngam seedaade kollirɗe maɓɓe, heewɓe heen ko e kewuuji hono Sallah. Ɗee golle keɓii weltaare, sahaa e sahaa fof ina ngadda heen hay amiir e ardiiɓe diiwanuuji. Aminu waɗii miijooji renndo e ñiŋooje rewrude e ɗeen pijirlooji e kollirɗe. Pijirlooji gooti teskiniiɗi, ɗi puɗɗii innireede Kar Ka Bata Hajin Naka (‘Wota bonnu hajjuuji maa’), caggal ɗuum ɗi inniri Alhaji Ka Iya Kwanga (‘Alhaji, aɗa anndi no njiyru-ɗaa Conga’), jeertinii Naajeeriyankooɓe e waasde nanngeede e njiimaandi ɓurndi toowde e laabi Hirnaange, teeŋtinirɗi. E nder ɗuum, o wiyi yo waylo waylo rewrude e jaŋde e nder aadaaji maɓɓe.<ref name=":125">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 55 Hay so tawii o neldii pijirlooji makko keewɗi to [[Gaskiya Ta Fi Kwabo]], jaaynde laamu nde ɗemngal Hausa, hay heen gootal jaɓaaka.<ref name=":1410">{{Cite book|last=Paden|first=John N.|url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicenterprise00ligh|title=Religion and political culture in Kano|date=1973|publisher=Berkeley, University of California Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-520-01738-2}}</ref>: 277 <ref name=":32">{{Cite book|last=Adamu|first=Abdalla Uba|url=https://auadamu.com/phocadownload/Conference_Presentations/Media_and_Cultural_Communication_Presentations/2005%20Read%20to%20Reel%20-%20Transformation%20of%20Hausa%20Popular%20Literature%20from%20Orality%20to%20Visuality.pdf|title=Read to Reel: Transformation of Hausa Popular Literature from Orality to Visuality|publisher=Department of Mass Communication Bayero University, Kano|year=2005|pages=8–9}}</ref> E wiyde [[Abdalla Uba Adamu]], ‘''Establishment'' aadaaji ɗii fof ina tiiɗi no feewi ngam jaɓde ƴeewndo binndol keeriiɗo e maɓɓe,9. Pijirlooji Aminu Kano ina njogii batte e nder sinemaaji [[Hausa language|Hausa]], pijirlooji makko keewɗi mbaɗtaa e filmuuji.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=McCain|first=Carmen|date=2013|title=Nollywood and Its Others: Questioning English Language Hegemony in Nollywood Studies|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/3/article/538429|journal=The Global South|volume=7|issue=1|pages=30–54|doi=10.2979/globalsouth.7.1.30|s2cid=144044295|issn=1932-8656|url-access=subscription}}</ref> O ɓuri teeŋtude ko e [[Maitama Sule]], gooto e ƴettuɓe sinemaa [[Hausa language|Hausa]] ko adii. Sule siftinii yahde duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Kaduna]] caggal nde Aminu heɓi bak mum, o siftini wonde fotde pijirlooji ɗi o waɗi ɗii fof ko Aminu winndi ɗi.<ref name=":124">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 56–57 O ɓeydi heen wonde o siftorii sahaa gooto ɗo: ...almuɓɓe ndarni haa nokkuure laanawol lesdi ngam salmingo Aminu nde ɓe nani o ɗon yaha diga [[Kano]] haa [[Diiwal Bauchi|Bauchi]], o ɗon jooɗa wakkati seɗɗa haa [[Kaduna]]. Lonngere ndee leeltinii waktuuji keewɗi, kamɓe fof ɓe ndartiima e ladde ngam waɗde pijirlooji makko ɗi ɓe ngollotonoo ɗii. Aminu, nde o ari, o naati e fedde nde...<ref name=":123">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 57 Sule waɗii darnde mawnde e sosde gooto e sosiyeteeji peewnugol filmuuji gadani e nder Fuɗnaange [[Naajeeriya]], hono [[Maitama Sule]] ''Drama Group''.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last=Adamu|first=Abdalla Uba|url=https://auadamu.com/phocadownload/Conference_Presentations/Media_and_Cultural_Communication_Presentations/2005%20Read%20to%20Reel%20-%20Transformation%20of%20Hausa%20Popular%20Literature%20from%20Orality%20to%20Visuality.pdf|title=Read to Reel: Transformation of Hausa Popular Literature from Orality to Visuality|publisher=Department of Mass Communication Bayero University, Kano|year=2005|pages=8–9}}</ref> Ɗemɗe makko renndo e politik ina keewi feeñde e filmuuji [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]], haa teeŋti e ɗi ɗemngal [[Hausa language|Hausa]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=McCain|first=Carmen|date=2013|title=Nollywood and Its Others: Questioning English Language Hegemony in Nollywood Studies|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/3/article/538429|journal=The Global South|volume=7|issue=1|pages=30–54|doi=10.2979/globalsouth.7.1.30|issn=1932-8656|url-access=subscription}}</ref> === Miijooji peewnitgol === Aminu Kano naati e Dental ''Progressive Elements Nord'' ngam wonde fedde politik ngam haɓaade ko o miijii ko golle otokaraasi e fedde laamu ''Native Northern''. O feewni njiimaandi makko e elite laamu nguu haa arti noon e amiir en, tawi ko ɓuri heewde e mum en ko [[Fulɓe]]. Doole plateau makko semmbinaama heen seeɗa sabu ''background'' makko. Baaba makko ko Alkali golloowo to [[Kano]] ummoriiɗo e leñol diineeji lislaam, Aminu Kano kadi addi miijooji lislaam ko fayti e potal e nder laabi kampaañ mum e nder republique gadano. ''Talakawas'' (commons) ɗuuɗɓe haa [[Kano]] ndarni ɓaawo nulal maako nden darnde maako nder siyaasa mawni diga ballal yimɓe [[Kano]] e soodooɓe pamari egguɓe haa woyla.<ref>M. G. Smith; Government in Kano, 1350-1950, Westview Press, 1997. p 492-493.</ref> Heewɓe e njulaagu nguu caggal ɗuum njooɗiima e birooji NEPU. O yiɗi kadi huutoraade politik ngam sosde renndo fotngo e nder Fuɗnaange [[Naajeeriya]]. Miijo makko mawngo ngoɗngo e nder fuɗɗoode republique gadano oo, ko ruppitde lanndaaji tuugiiɗi e leƴƴi. Miijo ngoo jaɓɓaama no feewi e ballal makko ummoriingal e njulaagu tokoosi e gollooɓe e nder gure saraaji laawol laana njoorndi. Worɓe e rewɓe ɓuri heewde ko yimɓe eggooɓe yiylotooɓe fartaŋŋeeji njulaagu, tee ina njogii nanondiral leƴƴi seeɗa e renndooji jaɓɓotooɗi ɗum en ɗii. O holliti kadi njuɓɓudi fiscal ndi ina yiɗi yoɓde alɗuɓe e nder diiwaan hee, tee ina jeyaa e ko ɓuri teeŋtude e ardiiɓe politikaaji leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]], ballitooji potal hakkeeji rewɓe. Mallam Aminu Kano ko siyaasyanke teddinaaɗo no feewi e nder Fuɗnaange [[Naajeeriya]]. O maantinii demokaraasi, doole rewɓe e ndimaagu haala. Aeroport, kolees e kadi mbedda mawɗo kadi ina inniree mo to [[Kano]]. Galle makko ɗo o hoɗi e ɗo o maayi e ɗo o wirnaa, wayliima wonti nokku wiɗto e heblo demokaraasi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Bayero [[Kano]] === Doole rewɓe === Kuutoragol Aminu luggiɗngol e yumma mum e caɗeele renndo ɗe o fotnoo dañde, addani mo waɗde doole rewɓe e nder nguurndam makko.<ref name=":173">{{Cite journal|editor-last=Wakili|editor-first=Haruna|title=The Social and Political Thoughts of Malam Aminu Kano|url=https://www.academia.edu/38919731|journal=The Social and Political Thoughts of Malam Aminu Kano|date=January 2019|publisher=Mambayya House, Centre for Democratic Studies, Bayero University|publication-place=[[Kano, Nigeria]]}}</ref>: 53 O reentii e jogaade rewɓe heewɓe, o wiyi wonde Qur'aana ina jaɓi juulɗo resde haa rewɓe nayo hay so tawii ko impsuret tan wadugo. O firti ɗum ko Qur’aana jaɓaani dewgal keewngal. Goongɗinɗo no feewi jaŋde ko feere ngam rimɗinde rewɓe, o wallitorii duɗal rewɓe ngal hawri e galle makko gila 1952 haa o sankii e hitaande 1983, o rokki heen janngirɗe e golle juuɗe, e sewnde, e Hausa, e binndol e ɗemngal Engele. E nder duuɓi ɗiɗi ɗi o janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde jaŋde, o winndi denndaangal binndanɗe makko teskinɗe e "Caɗeele jaŋde sukaaɓe rewɓe e nder [[Kano]]".<ref name=":149">{{Cite book|last=Paden|first=John N.|url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicenterprise00ligh|title=Religion and political culture in Kano|date=1973|publisher=Berkeley, University of California Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-520-01738-2}}</ref>: 290–291 <ref name=":121">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 102 <ref name=":122">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref> E nder nguurndam makko politik, Aminu ina jokki e haɓaade ittugol rewɓe e nguurndam renndo e geɗe politik laaɓtuɗe. O ƴetti miijooji lislaam ɗii « ndimaagu », « jihaadi » e « nuunɗal » ngam wallitde doole rewɓe, o waɗti ɗum e ngoƴa mawɗo e nder lannda makko politik. E bannge ɓiyiiko gorko biyeteeɗo Isa Wali, o daraniima ndeeɗoo feere e kitaale 1950 e 1960, darnde nde heewaani yiyeede e oon sahaa. E nder kitaale 1970 e 1980, e gartugol demokaraasi e nder leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]], lannda ''People’s Redemption Party'' (PRP), e gardagol makko, ummii ko e lannda politik tan e nder leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]], jogorɗo haɓaade ndee ɗoo haala, Aminu wonti jokkondiral tiiɗngal e daranaade hakkeeji rewɓe ko ɓuri kala politikyanke leydi ndii. O hollitii wonde Qur'aana ina rokka juulɓe hakke "jogaade haala laaɓtuka e geɗe dowla walla wakiliijo mo o suɓii".<ref name=":163">{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/hausawomenintwen0000unse|title=Hausa Women in the Twentieth Century|date=1991|publisher=Madison, Wis. : University of Wisconsin Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-299-13024-4|editor-last=Coles|editor-first=Catherine|editor-last2=Mack|editor-first2=Beverly}}</ref>: 153 <ref name=":164">{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/hausawomenintwen0000unse|title=Hausa Women in the Twentieth Century|date=1991|publisher=Madison, Wis. : University of Wisconsin Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-299-13024-4|editor-last=Coles|editor-first=Catherine|editor-last2=Mack|editor-first2=Beverly}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/womenstatedevelo0000unse|title=Women, the state, and development|date=1989|publisher=Albany : State University of New York Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-7914-0064-7|editor-last=M. Charlton|editor-first=Sue Ellen|pages=108|editor-last2=Everett|editor-first2=Jana|editor-last3=Staudt|editor-first3=Kathleen}}</ref> So tawiino o tawtoraama wooteeji hooreejo leydi e hitaande 1983, ko kanko woni debbo Bola Ogunbo, ko ngol woni go’o ko debbo [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] ina suɓee e jappeere laamu toownde. O wiyi yo rewɓe ɓeydu naatde e geɗe renndo, o waɗta eɓɓooji jaŋde mawɗi wonande rewɓe rewrude e lannda makko PRP, o toɗɗii rewɓe heewɓe e golle renndo. E nder lanndaaji ɗiɗi ɗi o ardii ɗii, hono Dental Dowlaaji Dentuɗi (NEPU) tuggi 1953 haa 1966 e PRP tuggi 1978 haa 1983, rewɓe ina cemmbinaa e politik. Kono, nde tawnoo ɗeen lanndaaji ina cosi baɗe rewɓe, ina kaɓa e geɗe jowitiiɗe e jaŋde e hakkeeji woote, ina keewi ustude terɗe rewɓe ngam haɓaade geɗe ɓurɗe yaajde e dow ndimaagu mum en. Baagal rewɓe, hay so ina woodi, ardaani waylooji moƴƴi walla mbayliigu wonande rewɓe.<ref name=":162">{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/hausawomenintwen0000unse|title=Hausa Women in the Twentieth Century|date=1991|publisher=Madison, Wis. : University of Wisconsin Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-299-13024-4|editor-last=Coles|editor-first=Catherine|editor-last2=Mack|editor-first2=Beverly}}</ref>: 157 === Duɗe lislaamiyya === E nder kitaale 1950, e ƴettude ƴoƴre e duɗe lislaam to [[Sudan|Sudaan]],<ref>{{Cite news|last=Tankarkar|first=Maijama'a Sule|date=18 May 2012|title=Remembering Mallam Aminu Kano|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/opinion/5163-remembering_mallam_aminu_kano.html|access-date=2024-01-11|newspaper=[[Premium Times]]}}</ref> binndanɗe [[Abdullahi Dan fodio|Abdullahi dan Fodio]], e won e dille peewnitgol nannduɗe e ɗeen to Nijeer, Aminu fuɗɗii sosde duɗe [[Lislaamu|lislaam]] gadane, tawi faandaare mum ko peewnude e ƴellitde jaŋde [[Lislaamu|lislaam]] to [[Kano]]. Ngam heɓugo ballal, Aminu hokki taskaram man haa mallamai mawɓe haa [[Kano]], hawtaade e Sheek Na’ibi Suleymaani Wali e [[Inuwa Wada]]. Ko adii fof e ɗeen duɗe sosaa ko e nder diiwaan Sudawa wuro ngoo, ko yaawi ɓeydaade heewde yimɓe e binnditagol adanngol ngol almuudo 30, ko ɓooyaani koo mawni haa 60. Jibnaaɓe, haa teeŋti e ɓeen wonɓe e sukaaɓe rewɓe tokosɓe, ɓuri yiɗde ɗeen duɗe nde tawnoo ɗe ɓuri tiiɗnaade ko e jaŋde [[Lislaamu|lislaam]] tawa kadi ina naatna heen geɗe goɗɗe ɗe ngonaa jaŋde Hirnaange fof.<ref name=":120">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 142-144 <ref>{{Cite book|last=Daneji|first=Abdalla Uba Adamu|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/368602049|title=From Evolution to Revolution: The Kano Emirate Yesterday Today and Tomorrow|date=July 2021|location=Kano|pages=12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Mustapha|first=Olusegun|date=2018-04-20|title=Tunawa da Marigayi Malam Aminu Kano|url=https://aminiya.ng/tunawa-da-marigayi-malam-aminu-kano/|issn=0794-9049|access-date=2024-01-11|newspaper=Aminiya|language=ha}}</ref><ref name=":184">{{Cite journal|last=Reichmuth|first=Stefan|date=1989|title=New Trends in Islamic Education in Nigeria: A Preliminary Account|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1570982|journal=Die Welt des Islams|volume=29|issue=1/4|pages=41–60|doi=10.2307/1570982|jstor=1570982|issn=0043-2539|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name=":193">{{Cite book|url=https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00M825.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211113815/http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00M825.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 February 2017|title=Kano State Education Accounts 2005/2006|date=2006|publisher=Kano State Education Accounts|pages=19–20}}</ref> Jaagorgal jaŋde ƴeewtiima duɗe ɗee, o weltiima e porogaraam oo, addani ɗum naatde e njuɓɓudi duɗe toowɗe. E nder hitaande wootere, duɗe Islamiyya sappo goɗɗe udditaama nder gure mawɗe nder Fuunaange [[Naajeeriya]], hawtaade e [[Kano]], [[Kaduna]], e [[Jos]]. Haa hitaande 1958, ko ina tolnoo e duɗe 60 hono ɗeen. E teskaade wonde ko ɓuri heewde e ballal ɗeen duɗe ummorii ko e terɗe NEPU, ɗe ngonti politik, ɗe ngoni ko e ƴattaade sahaa e sahaa fof, hay so tawii ko e fitinaaji. Ko wonaa ɗuum koo, njiimaandi ɗeen duɗe ina duumii, haa teeŋti noon e sukaaɓe rewɓe.<ref name=":183">{{Cite journal|last=Reichmuth|first=Stefan|date=1989|title=New Trends in Islamic Education in Nigeria: A Preliminary Account|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1570982|journal=Die Welt des Islams|volume=29|issue=1/4|pages=41–60|doi=10.2307/1570982|jstor=1570982|issn=0043-2539|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Kane|first=Ousmane|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8CGIM8F6fuQC|title=Non-Europhone Intellectuals|date=2012|publisher=African Books Collective|isbn=978-2-86978-506-9|pages=38|language=en}}</ref> Caggal nde [[Naajeeriya]] heɓi ndimu mum e hitaande 1960, laamu Fuɗnaange ɓeydi ballal mum e duɗe Islamiyya. E kitaale 1970, janngooɓe duɗe leslese "ko jiidaa e jaŋde maɓɓe leslese ina njaha e duɗe Islamiyya fo waktuuji keewɗi e ñalawma".<ref name=":182">{{Cite journal|last=Reichmuth|first=Stefan|date=1989|title=New Trends in Islamic Education in Nigeria: A Preliminary Account|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1570982|journal=Die Welt des Islams|volume=29|issue=1/4|pages=41–60|doi=10.2307/1570982|jstor=1570982|issn=0043-2539|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Bray|first=Mark|url=http://archive.org/details/educationsociety0000bray|title=Education and society in Africa|date=1986|publisher=London : Edward Arnold|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-7131-8158-6}}</ref>: 92 Hannde, ko ɓuri heewde e sukaaɓe e nder Fuɗnaange [[Naajeeriya]] ina njaha e duɗe Islamiyya e sara jaŋde leslesre aada.<ref name=":192">{{Cite book|url=https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00M825.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211113815/http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00M825.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 February 2017|title=Kano State Education Accounts 2005/2006|date=2006|publisher=Kano State Education Accounts|pages=19–20}}</ref> Ɗee duɗe keɓii ballal laamu [[Naajeeriya]] e pelle winndereyankooje, ko wayi no USAID, e nder golle ngam ƴellitde paandaale hono jaŋde sukaaɓe rewɓe.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Thurston|first=Alex|date=2012-05-18|title=Nigeria's Islamiyya Schools: Global Project, Local Target|url=https://therevealer.org/islamiyya-schools-draft/|access-date=2024-01-11|website=The Revealer|language=en-US}}</ref> == Nguurndam neɗɗo == === Caalaje === Debbo Aminu gadano, Umma, ko debbo ceertuɗo e dewgal goɗngal. Ɓesngu makko ko '''royalty of sorts''<nowiki/>', ɓe njaɓaani dewgal makko e Aminu sabu 'darnde makko udditiinde ngam haɓaade laamɗo'. Dewgal ngal waɗi ko to [[Kano]] e hitaande 1939; kono ɓe ndartini ɗum nde Aminu ummii to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kaduna. Umma, mo luutndii fusde, dogi fayi Kaduna, resi Aminu. Ɓesngu makko dañii waawde faamnude ''Alkali'' nokku oo ngam fusde dewgal ngal laabi ɗiɗi caggal nde ɓe ngarti e [[Kano]] ngam juulde. Caggal nde jokkondiral makko e Aminu joofi, Umma dogi fayti [[Gana]] tan.<ref name=":119">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 67–68 <ref name=":315">{{Citation|last1=Salau|first1=Mohammed Bashir|title=Aminu Kano|date=2024-01-30|encyclopedia=Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History|url=https://oxfordre.com/africanhistory/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.001.0001/acrefore-9780190277734-e-590|access-date=2024-02-17|language=en|doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.590|isbn=978-0-19-027773-4|last2=Oluokun|first2=Oyedele|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Debbo ɗiɗaɓo Aminu ko Hasia, ummoriiɗo e galle laamɗo to [[Bauchi]]. Neene makko ɓadtii baaba Aminu e innde makko, o jaɓi eɓɓoore ndee. Aminu anndi ɗum nde o timmini jaŋde makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kaduna, o arti Kano ko juuti. Caggal ɗuum, kanko e Hasia ɓe ngummii Bauchi ngam golle makko jannginde. E sahaa dewgal maɓɓe, Hasia ina famɗi, alaa jaŋde toownde. Aminu ƴetti e hoore mum ngam jannginde mo e Quraan, e binndol Engele (janngude, winndude, e hiisa), e cellal ɓalli.<ref name=":118">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 68–69 O renndini kadi ganndal makko e jannginde rewɓe woɗɓe wonɓe e sara makko.<ref name=":117">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 76 infeleed, ''During marriage'' maɓɓe mbaawka makko jibinde ɓiɓɓe. E hitaande 1948, o jibini kono caggal mum o ruttii.<ref name=":116">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 109 Nde Aminu woppi jaŋde e hitaande 1950, o naati politik, ɓe ngummii Kano. Golle makko politik ɗee ngaddaani waktuuji seeɗa e Hasia, mo nganndu-ɗaa ina woɗɗi. O hoɗi ko e galle galle Aminu to Sudawa kono caggal ɗuum o arti e galle yumma makko caggal nde o luurdi e yumma makko jom suudu Aminu. Jaɓde hootde, dewgal maɓɓe joofi. Aminu yuɓɓini Hasia golloraade e nder safrirde jibinannde, golle ɗe o joginoo haa ko famɗi fof e fuɗɗoode kitaale 1970. Dewgal maɓɓe fof e joofde, Aminu e Hasia ina keddii e nanondiral moƴƴal. O tawtoraama dewgal makko e hitaande 1969, hitaande caggal ɗuum, o walli mo e hijjoore makko to Makka<ref name=":115">{{Cite book|last=Feinstein|first=Alan|url=http://archive.org/details/africanrevolutio0000fein|title=African revolutionary; the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|date=1973|publisher=[New York] Quadrangle|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8129-0321-8}}</ref>: 68–69, 181 === Gooɗo === [[Chinua Achebe]], winndiyanke [[Naajeeriya]] mawɗo, gollodiiɗo PRP e Aminu, siftinii mo wonde "seniiɗo e mbayliigu". O ɓeydi heen wonde :<ref>{{Cite book|last=Achebe|first=Chinua|url=http://archive.org/details/imageofafricatro0000ache|title=An image of Africa; and the trouble with Nigeria|date=2010|publisher=London : Penguin|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-14-119258-1}}</ref> ...so Aminu Kano yiytii wonde o naatii e fedde tooñooɓe o woppataa darnde makko ko yaawi e peeñcu, o waɗa hare e hoore makko!<ref>{{Cite book|last=Huxley|first=Elspeth|url=http://archive.org/details/fourguineas0000huxl|title=Four Guineas: A Journey Through West Africa|date=1954|publisher=[[Chatto & Windus]]|others=Internet Archive}}</ref>: 86 Jaayndiyanke e daartoowo Angalteer biyeteeɗo Basil Davidson, mo Aminu sifotoo ko sehil mum, siftini Aminu ko « jannginoowo, murtuɗo, kulɓiniiɗo-politik, e dowla-parlemaa ». E ɓeydude heen sifaa Davidson, Aminu siftinii hoore mum e nder konngol mum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Bayero e hitaande 1982, wonde « ko o neɗɗo demokaraasiyanke, baawɗo ɓamtude neɗɗaagu e ƴellitde ndimaagu rewɓe ». e nder deftere makko 1954 « Gineeji nay : Jaɓɓal e nder [[Afrik]] hirnaange », o siftinii Aminu wonde « Cassius gorko, ɓuuɓɗo, ɓuuɓɗo, ganndo Engele, ɓernde mum ko ƴiye, ɗemngal mum ko fijirde ». O siftini mo kadi ko "demagog--ɗemngal taƴngal, fanatik".<ref name=":302">{{Cite book|last=Shagari|first=Shehu Usman Aliyu|url=http://archive.org/details/shehushagaribeck0000shag|title=Shehu Shagari : Beckoned To Serve : an autobiography|date=2001|publisher=Nigeria : Heinemann ed. books (Nigeria) plc|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-978-129-932-2|author-link=Shehu Shagari}}</ref>: 254–255 Aminu ina anndaa no feewi e nguurndam mum ɓuuɓɗam.[113] Fuu e darnde maako ministaajo les Gowon, o ɗonno jogga hoore maako bee "ndema tokoosa" e dokke wakkati feere diga soobiraaɓe maako.<ref name=":30">{{Cite book|last=Shagari|first=Shehu Usman Aliyu|url=http://archive.org/details/shehushagaribeck0000shag|title=Shehu Shagari : Beckoned To Serve : an autobiography|date=2001|publisher=Nigeria : Heinemann ed. books (Nigeria) plc|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-978-129-932-2|author-link=Shehu Shagari}}</ref>: 73 Ganndal Aminu e [[Islaam]] addani mo innde Mallam (innde nde worɓe jannguɓe keɓata e nder Fuɗnaange [[Naajeeriya]]). O woniino karallo e sariyaaji [[Lislaamu|lislaam]] e tafsiir, omo waɗa jeewte keewɗe e dow ɗeen geɗe, haa teeŋti noon e wuro [[Kano]].<ref name=":172">{{Cite journal|editor-last=Wakili|editor-first=Haruna|title=The Social and Political Thoughts of Malam Aminu Kano|url=https://www.academia.edu/38919731|journal=The Social and Political Thoughts of Malam Aminu Kano|date=January 2019|publisher=Mambayya House, Centre for Democratic Studies, Bayero University|publication-place=[[Kano, Nigeria]]}}</ref>: 51 Firooji makko Qur’aana ɓuri teeŋtude ko e doosɗe [[lislaam]] jowitiiɗe e nuunɗal, nafoore jaŋde e nder [[Lislaamu|Lislaam]], e wallitde deftere juulɓe ndee. Kerecee’en, e Yahuudu’en.<ref name=":148">{{Cite book|last=Paden|first=John N.|url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicenterprise00ligh|title=Religion and political culture in Kano|date=1973|publisher=Berkeley, University of California Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-520-01738-2}}</ref>: 299-305 == Ƴeew kadi == Dental ɓamtaare Elemenji Fuɗnaange Lannda rimɗinde yimɓe [[Saadu Zungur]] Bayyinaango Sawaba == Tuugnorgal == ovonwz832xb48xr8jbik23nt14h6gcg 0 4876 181103 96802 2026-08-05T02:19:16Z Icodense 4632 corr. 181103 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Diiwal Katsína]] rp045joa01j0zhbaln0qgkc8uv910en 0 5047 180878 92281 2026-08-04T22:09:23Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180878 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Enugu''' (einu;gu/heitinago) ay-noogoo;Igbo (Enugu)<ref>{{Citation|title=Enugu |edition=Dictionary.com Unabridged |publisher=[[Random House|Random House, Inc.]] |url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Enugu |access-date=2010-06-12}}</ref> {{Lang-ig|'''Énugwú'''}})<ref>{{cite book|title=Facts about the world's languages: an encyclopedia of the world's major languages, past and present |url=https://archive.org/details/factsaboutworlds0000unse |first1=Jane |last1=Garry |first2=Carl R. Galvez |last2=Rubino |page=[https://archive.org/details/factsaboutworlds0000unse/page/328 328] |publisher=H.W. Wilson |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-8242-0970-4}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Harmonization and standardization of Nigerian languages |first1=Francis O. |last1=Egbokhare |first2=S. Oluwole |last2=Oyetade |page=106 |publisher=CASAS |year=2002 |isbn=978-1-919799-70-4}}</ref> un hore hautirɗe Diiwal Enugu ɗer [[Naajeeriya]]. Eɗe joɗori ɗungal ɗer fombina fuuna [[Naajeeriya]] gelle ɗen eɗe ngooɗi ɗuɗirka yimɓe haba 722,664 e limgal (hisaago) [[Naajeeriya]] ngal 2006. Inɗe Enugu heɓirama gaɗa inɗee de ɗiɗun ɗun Igbo enu ugwu ma’anu dow nyolɗe ɗe nyolɗe gasol joogaraafiwol. Tun ƙarniwol 17 joɗorɗe ɗun jonni yalɗe Enugu e joɗori joɗerɗe ɗe Enugwu-ngwo e nike kongal yimɓe Igbo ɗer 1900 ɓe fombinaare [[Naajeeriya]] renorɗe ɗe heɓama wakkati arɗugal lamu boɗejo turankoen e arɗugal Biritinkeejum. Ɗyiita yuulɓe wakkatire de gaɗa turankoen arɗi e faaro heɓiniki e hoɗun tiggiri ɗen anɗira ɗun Enugu wuron yulɓe. Inɗe ɓaawo ɗe haaɗe chiun ɗun Enugu Ngwo les inaare e nyuulɓe keɓiira. Haaɗe gelle ɗe Portharcourt tigga gamma wurtinki julɓe ɗen yaasi ko lesɗe yaasi. ==<ref>https://saharareporters.com/2023/02/24/how-apc-senator-uses-women-groups-subtle-vote-buying-gombe</ref>Distinorde== ===Innuɗe distinorde=== Artuɗe joɗarɗe nyibgal eɗer Enugu un ɗe famarɗe chief Nike ɗun ogui gonɗun haajooni tun ɗe zaman ɗumɓe choggu ɓe atlantic Nike e bolle Igbo ewaaɗi ma’anu ɗarɗigol ko semɓigal. Un ɗun haaɓe choggoɓe ɗunɓe yimɓe Nike tefaata ɓurɗun ɗun leyɗi maɓɓe ɗe ɗun nyiiɓaayi. Ɓe Nike e kuutira korɗo eɗun helanaaki maaje ɗun lattini korɗe eta hakkuɗe helaaki wonnoɓe gamɗun ɗun un bonee ɗun waiwaiɓe nastina enci muuen keɓani en yairi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria - Population Census, State Population- 2006 |url=https://nigeria.opendataforafrica.org/ifpbxbd/state-population-2006#:~:text=2006%2C%20persons%3B%20sex%20ratio%20-%20males%20per%20100,140%2C431%2C790.%20Male.%2071%2C345%2C488.%20Female.%2069%2C086%2C302.%20Sex%20ratio.%20103.3.}}</ref> ==Nassiji== {{reflist}} [[Category:Naajeeriya]] [[Category:Hukuma Pamare Enugu]] [[Category:Berniiji Naajeeriya]] slosv450hz7629nq5ik5bx1yprgqzs0 0 5426 181071 92276 2026-08-05T01:49:39Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181071 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kaduna''' un ɗe kapital hawtirɗe gelle [[Diiwal Kaduna]] ɗen e booyma naane tufleeji kapital ɗun woylaare [[Naajeeriya]]. E ɗi jottoori nɗer wayla hirna Naajeeriya, haade juggol Kaduna. Ɗum un e laamorde caka e mawɗum finnande jahaaleeji furtu ɗun ɗe maɓɓitirgo laawol haa woylaare Naajeeriya hawti ɗumɗe laawol pirooje e laawol netwokji. Ɗuuɗirka yimɓe ɗun Kaduna ƙiyasstaamo kam ba 760,084 e ngo hisaago Naajeeriya ɗun 2006.<ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/kaduna-population</ref> Yawɗu malongu gelleji tun 2005 heeɓi ɗaygo e ɓeiɗaago mawgu ɗuuɗirka, hannde ƙiyastaama ɓaano ko yaari yimɓe ɗer 1.3 milliyanji. Ɗe yaarta ngaaɗaaɗum ɗun 2021 gam ɗuudirka yimɓe diiwal Kaduna haa kamano un 8.9 milliyanji yimɓe.<ref>https://kdbs.ng/</ref> ==Taarikaaku (Distinoore) == Kaduna un tiggaago ngo laamu boɗejo nɗer 1900. Ɗe ngomnaajo artuuɗo ɗun woyla Naajeeriya, Sir Fredrick Luguard, nastinii ɗe hannɗe inaare noo faago yeeso e ngam laawol pirooje ngol Laagos-Kano.<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Kaduna-Nigeria</ref> Ɗum lattake ɗe kapital ɗun yaarta woylaare geɓbol Naajeeriya ɗer 1917, e kuutirɗe yahirɗe ɗun’un kuutirɗun haasai 1967. Gelle ɗen haajooni un hoore hawtirɗe ɗun goɗɗe tufleeji solji’en e finnataawa jooɗorɗe musamman nɗer ɗe woylaare Naajeeriya. <ref>{{cite book|last=Fletcher|first=Banister |author2=Dan Cruickshank |title=[[Sir Banister Fletcher's a History of Architecture]] |year=1996|chapter=Africa|publisher=Architectural Press|isbn= 0-7506-2267-9|page=[https://archive.org/details/sirbanisterfletc0000flet_c4l9/page/1466 1466]}}</ref> == Sigaago == === Sanaa’aaji === Kaduna un a mawɗe caka sanaa’aaje ɗer woyla Naajeeriya, heɓinorɗe haajeeji, baano tufaaji, madiinji, kuugal njamɗe, dalmaaji e neɓɓan peetur haajeeji e hokkirɗe. == Nassiji == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Berniiji Naajeeriya]] 0fbq5tbtl4nn72w4ssg0md3xkvddwre 0 5901 181194 169826 2026-08-05T03:50:57Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181194 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Amina Lawal Kurami''' (duubi daygo 4 Siilo 1973) woni debbo [[Naajeeriya]] mo ɓe njetti e mayde ngam ɓe njaɓɓi ko'e maɓɓe e ngam ɗi marii ɓiɗɗo nder suudu. Lawal waɗi kiita e suudu sharia islaamiyankoore nder Funtua, nder diiwal [[Diiwal Katsína|Katsina]], [[Naajeeriya]], ha 22 Duujal 2002. Yimɓe ɓe o anndini bana baaba ɓiɗɗo, Yahayya Muhammad Kurami, ɓe njaɓɓi hakke ngam kawtal anndal. Ko ɗum waɗi ko Kurami yaafani sabu o waɗii alkawal e Quraan, ɗum wonaa laawol Lawal ngam ɓiyum, ko ɗum holli dow janngirde Mālikī.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Eltantawi|first=Sarah|title=Shari'ah on trial : Northern Nigeria's Islamic revolution|date=2017|isbn=978-0-520-96714-4|location=Oakland, California|oclc=959373674}}</ref> Lawal'en ɗon njaɓɓa ɗum waɗi feere feere nder lesdi. O jeyi ɗum to suudu sharia, ɓe taƴi ɗum haalooɓe sari'aani, nden o rewi.<ref name="who-speaks">{{Cite book|author=John L. Esposito|author2=Dalia Mogahed|year=2008|title=Who Speaks For Islam?: What a Billion Muslims Really Think|url=https://archive.org/details/whospeaksforisla00espo|publisher=Gallup Press (Kindle edition)|page=Kindle loc. 370}}</ref><ref name="hauwa">{{cite web|author=Hauwa Ibrahim|title=Reflections on the Case of Amina Lawal|publisher=Human Rights Brief, American University Washington College of Law|url=https://www.wcl.american.edu/hrbrief/11/3ibrahim.pdf|accessdate=Feb 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140723093901/https://www.wcl.american.edu/hrbrief/11/3ibrahim.pdf|archive-date=2014-07-23|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[https://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/2004-06-06/living/17431123_1_hauwa-ibrahim-legal-system-two-lawyers/2 When saving a life is worth risking your own / A talk with lawyers on Nigerian stoning case]{{dead link|date=February 2026|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> == Ɓaawoore == Lawal woni debbo ɗiɗaɓo nder lesdi Naijeriya mo ɓe njokki ngam waɗugo jonde yeeso kawtal. Debbo arande, [[Safiya Hussaini]], waɗi kiita maako boɗɗina nder lewru mars 2002 nder dabare maako aranndeere. Sharia law haɓɓiti nder lesdi [[Zamfara]] nder woyla Nigeria nder hitaande 2000 nden diga saa'i maajum haajiri haa lesdi feere sappo e ɗiɗi. == Fedde jaabaade e jaɓɓaade == Fuude wootere waɗi e 25 Septemba 2003 Lawal'en kiita mayde ngam yiitaaki e mari kaaƴe ɗum jeyaa e juutaaji njowo nder Kotol Sharia lesdi Katsina. Fedde nayi nder laamiiɓe jowi waɗi kiita dow kiiteji Islaam dow daliila feere, hawti e: hakkki ummotoore to jaɓugo kiitaaji hakkiilo, dalillaaji dow ɗaamugo maako naa' ɓe haani, kiitol ummotooɗo naaŋ ɗum haɗi, nden gooto tan haa wakkati kiitoji tati je haajirta ɗon ɗon ha haadi wakkati kiitta. Baobab for Women's Human Rights, NGO ha Nigeria, haɓɓii haala maako, nde laatii ha hawtoreede e laamiiɓe Nigeria ɓe ɗon janngina nder dille jaajol e sharia. Lakilaaɓe Lawal hawti e Hauwa Ibrahim, laakiyaajo hakkiilo yimɓe mo anndiraa ngam kuugal maako ngam yimɓe ɓe ɓe taƴii ley sari'a. Nder defte maɓɓe maral Amina Lawal, laamooɓe naftiri e "laamu ɓeydi" (laama ɓuydi), ɓe mbi'i e nder sari'a sariya, duuɓi jowi ina waawi hakkunde ɓiydi neɗɗo e danygol; duuɓi ɗiɗi yeeso danygal ɓiɗɗo maako debbo, o ɗon haani e gorko maako. == Jaɓɓorgo Kewuuji == Kuugal ngal hollitii ɓeydaaki nder ummaatooje e diina hakkunde diiwaanuuji kiristaanaaji e Muslim'en nder lesdi Nigeria. Fedde nden waɗi ɓeydaaki nder lesdi Yammaaru, nden ɓe waɗi kuugal ngam ɓe kolli laamu Nijeria ngam o wurtina fedde ndee. Wurooji feere nder nder jarida mawninki Miss World, je ɗon waɗa nder Nigeria nder 2002, ɓe ƴetti nder sarda ngam ɓe ɗon haɓɓa ngam no Amina Lawal waɗata. Miss Norway ɗon kiita kiite nden o noddi ɗum ""ko ɓurɗo ɓeydaago"" o wi'i o ɗon yaha haa Lawan yaafana.<ref name="msmagazine.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.msmagazine.com/news/uswirestory.asp?id=8064|title=Amina Lawal Wins Appeal Against Stoning|access-date=2010-01-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604015528/http://www.msmagazine.com/news/uswirestory.asp?id=8064|archive-date=2011-06-04|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.glapn.org/sodomylaws/world/nigeria/ninews008.htm|title=Nigeria: Amina Lawal's Death Sentence Quashed but Questions Remain|access-date=2010-01-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722031850/http://www.glapn.org/sodomylaws/world/nigeria/ninews008.htm|archive-date=2011-07-22|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nigerdeltacongress.com/articles/amina_lawal.htm|title=Amina Lawal: Sex, Pregnancy and Muslim Law|access-date=2010-01-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100503115854/http://www.nigerdeltacongress.com/articles/amina_lawal.htm|archive-date=2010-05-03|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Nigerian woman fights stoning">{{Cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2116540.stm|title=Nigerian woman fights stoning|date=8 July 2002|access-date=2010-01-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091223003154/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2116540.stm|archive-date=2009-12-23|url-status=live}}</ref> Miss Ivory Coast wi'i,  ⁇ [mi] na yahugo to Nigeria, e mi tammi gootol am na walli ngam hisna Amina Lawal."  Miss Togo ɓeydi, "Kafugo debbo on naa' ko haani. Fuuta ummaatoore fu haɗi wurta ngam timmugo kuuɗe ɗe."Rabaaji mawninki feere feere fu ɗon wakiilo lesdi feere boo ɗon numi kiita nden ɓe ɗon tokka. Oprah Winfrey ''Show'' waɗi haala feere dow Amina Lawal e ɓawti yi'ooɓe ngam ɓe neldi e-mailji protest to Ambasadaaru Naajeeriya to Amerik: ɓurɗe e'e-meila miliyon 1.2 ɓaawo. Amnesty International waɗi jaabuki be sembe to kiita ngam Naajeeriya woni jaabago to Convention internationale de droits humains ha dow tortion e feere ha nder haandi, ha haani ko haɗi ko huwtata ko'e je ɗon haaki. Goomu boo ɗon toro lesdi Naajeeriya ngam ɓe wurtina sari'a law nder nder lesdi lesdi ndi'e nder hitaande 1999. Ammaa Amnesty anndaa wonde haala nde ɗon woodi nder lesdi Naajeeriya, nder leydi ɗi diina yaawni. Ardiiɗo lesdi Amerika Bill Clinton noddi ardiijo lesdi Naajeeriya[[Olusegun Obasanjo]], "Mi tammi e ɗon toro ngam sistemol kiita heɓan laawol ngam yaafugo debbo mo ɓe maayi ngam o haani danyugo ɓiɗɗo nder dewgal". Ngam maajum, Clinton ɗon toro yimɓe ɓe ɗon njaɓɓa ngam hooreejo [[Olusegun Obasanjo|Obasanjo]] woni Kiristaano diga worgo lesdi Naajeeriya, nden boo o ɗon haɓana ɗum. Ɓeydi, Musulman'en tan ɗon je ɗon ɗowtana sari'a law, ngam maajum hooreejo [[Olusegun Obasanjo|Obasanjo]] walaa ko wi'i nder haala nden, walaa baawɗe dow ko'e. "save Amina" nder hitaande 2002 hawriti eɓɓoore nde heɓi heewɓe e junngo e'e eɓoori e nder 2003 e ɗemngal " ⁇ Please Stop the International Amine Lawal Protest Letter Campaigns" nde Ayesha Iman e Sindi Medar-Gould je wakili dow yimɓe lesdi Naajeeriya ɗiɗo haɓɓooɓe hakkeeji Aadama wi'i "amina amina", hajjitol "Save Amuna" ɗon woodi feere feere fu, hawti e wiɗugo feere-feere dow ko waɗata ngam waɗugo kiita ɗon ɓadake. Ɓe ɓeydi ɓe'e wi'i "Ɗum ɗon wondi ko haani ha nder tammunde ngam goɗɗe jamirooje hakkiilo yimɓe duniyaaru malla feere ɗon anndira ko ɓuri yimɓe hawtaɓe dow maajum, ngam maajum ɓe waawi waɗugo kuuɗe ɗe ɗon hawti bee ko ɓe yiɗi". Nder lewru Maayi 2003, jaabuki rasmiji Embassy of Nigeria to Netherlands to kiita sharia dow lesdi Katsina nder Nigeria, ha nder lesdi lesdi Naajeeriya, woni dow walaa suudu kiitaaji hokki kiite dow Lawal. Ɓe mbi'i bolle ɗe "ko'e daliila e kalluɗum" nden "ndolol ko ngam "ngol haɗi nder nder lesdi Nigeria e nder leydi ndi yeeso ummaatoore duniyaaru". Ɓe mbi'i ɓe anndaa haala nde'e. Ambassador A.A. Agada daga Embassy of Nigeria to Washington D.C., US, ɓeydi ɓurugo anndugo haala Lawal e wi'i e 29 August 2003: "Ambassad yiɗi anndino'on Malama Amina Lawan woodi dowji tati dow kiita'en hawtoreeɓe yeeso kiitaaji maako. Embassy bee ɗo ɗon tabbitin yimɓe fuu hakkilo Malama Lawal ha nanki haadi ha nder Sariya lesdi Naajeeriya ɗon haaki. Ngam maajum, waɗaaji jaɓɓaade ɓe ɗon tokka ngam tabbitinki laamu do lawol". == Nder aada yimɓe == Bana no ɗum annditi nder Wuroowo Firo e Jaabawol haa fuɗɗam binndi ''419'' ɗi Will Ferguson waɗi, Amina, debbo debbo mo ɗon ɓeyda e ɓernde mo o ɗon ɗon mbaadi diga lesdi Sharia nder lesdi lesdi Nigeria fuunaaŋge, ɗon haandi dow Amine Lawal. Alison M. Jaggar, mo anndal filsuf Amerik, winndi wonde nder hitaande 2005 dow haala ngal, "Saving Amina". == Ndaare kadi ==   == Himobe== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Yimɓe wuurɓe]] d7k5md6sruam3wqu0rc8ms1m173zu98 0 6173 181035 172458 2026-08-05T01:10:59Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181035 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Kolonel '''Datti Sadiq Abubakar''' o woni garnaako konu Diiwal [[Diiwal Aanambaara|''Anambra'']] nder lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] diga lewru Yuuli 1978 haa Oktooba 1979 wakkati laamu konu Janaarjo [[Olusegun Obasanjo]].<ref name="wstate">{{cite web|url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm|title=Nigerian States|publisher=World Statesmen|access-date=2010-01-04}}</ref> O mari jaangirde Rumfa, [[Kano]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/jun/18/0179.html|date=2003-06-18|title=Rumfa college Kano: School under royal eyes|author=Musa Umar Kazaure|work=Daily Trust|access-date=2010-01-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304045847/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/jun/18/0179.html|archive-date=2012-03-04|url-status=usurped}}</ref> Nder lewru Yuuli 1966 Lt. Datti ''Abubakar, Recce'', ɗon nder [[Abeokuta]] Garrison nde ɓurɓe nder ardiiɓe Igbo maayi, ɗon jokkondira gollal nder kolli dow majje majje [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gamji.com/nowa/nowa26.htm|title=Operation Aure (2): Planning to Overthrow General Ironsi|last=Omoigui|first=Nowa|publisher=Gamji|access-date=2010-01-04}}</ref> Abubakar toɗɗaama guwerneer konu leydi Anambra e lewru juko hitaande 1978, o jokki golle ɗee haa lewru oktoobar hitaande 1979.<ref name="wstate2">{{cite web|url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm|title=Nigerian States|publisher=World Statesmen|access-date=2010-01-04}}</ref> O watti duɗe ɗee e les njiimaandi makko no feewi rewrude e komisiyoŋ toppitiiɗo doole jaajɗe e dow politik e gollotooɓe.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://oer.unn.edu.ng/read/staff-discipline-in-the-anambra-state-education-commission-a-review-of-nsukka-education-zone-from-1980-1988|title=Staff Discipline in the Anambra State Education Commission: A Review of Nsukka Education Zone from 1980 - 1988|date=September 1990|publisher=University of Nigeria|access-date=2010-01-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240123083318/https://oer.unn.edu.ng/read/staff-discipline-in-the-anambra-state-education-commission-a-review-of-nsukka-education-zone-from-1980-1988|archive-date=2024-01-23|url-status=dead}}</ref> Caggal fitinaaji diineeji mawɗi e nder diiwaan [[Kano]] e hitaande 1980, o woni tergal e Ñaawirde Toownde Kano ngam wiɗtude sabaabuuji e waɗde wasiyaaji.<ref>{{cite book|page=[https://archive.org/details/violenceinnigeri0000falo/page/159 159]|title=Violence in Nigeria: the crisis of religious politics and secular ideologies|url=https://archive.org/details/violenceinnigeri0000falo|last=Falola|first=Toyin|publisher=University Rochester Press|year=1998|isbn=1-58046-018-6}}</ref> == Firooji == {{reflist|2}} [[Category:Articles with hAudio microformats]] [[Category:Yimɓe]] [[Category:Yimɓe Naajeeriya]] [[Category:Yimɓe Afrik]] [[Category:Naajeeriya]] [[Category:Stub]] sbrph1thtgs3sfx2zbnx7lkgixwiom9 0 6369 181180 106785 2026-08-05T03:36:06Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181180 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kolori Dam''' ɗon nder Sokoto State nder lesdi [[Naajeeriya|Nigeria]]. Ɗum timmini nder 1978 nden nder hitaande dubu alif 1981 nden, ndiyam ndiyam maako boo heewi. Ɗum woni ko'e ndiyam mawɗo dow maayo [[Maayo Sakkwatoɓe|Sokoto]], ko'e nder maayo Rima, ko'o hokkata ndiyam Niijer. ndiyam diga dam ɗon hokkata kolori irrigation [[project]].<ref name=":0">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0305750X9390121O</ref> Dam ina woodi [[limgal]] 450 liyaar mita kubik, e daande ndiyam ɓesngu huutoraaki haare 8,000 ha, ɓesngu 19 km ( mi) dow maayo.<ref name="helsinki">{{cite journal|url=http://www.njas.helsinki.fi/pdf-files/vol11num3/yahaya_02.pdf|title=DEVELOPMENT AND CHALLENGES OF BAKOLORI IRRIGATION PROJECT IN SOKOTO STATE, NIGERIA|author=MOHAMMED KUTA YAHAYA|journal=Nordic Journal of African Studies|volume=11|issue=3|pages=411–430|year=2002|accessdate=2010-01-10}}</ref> Garnude dam waɗi remooɓe ɗuuɗɓe ɓe ɓe ɓe mbaɗata hay leydi feere malla ceede jawdi. [[Yimɓe Ekoi|Yimɓe]] ɗuuɗɓe maayi nder ngam ɓe maayi ko ɓe nguurndam.<ref name="loveejoy">{{cite book|page=[https://archive.org/details/displacementpoli0000unse/page/76 76]|title=Displacement and the politics of violence in Nigeria|url=https://archive.org/details/displacementpoli0000unse|publisher=BRILL|year=1997|isbn=90-04-10876-9|author8=Paul E. Lovejoy, Pat Ama Tokunbo Williams}}</ref> Landu ndu waɗi anndude bana misaalu kulol ɓamtaare.<ref>{{cite book|page=312|title=Conservation in Africa: Peoples, Policies and Practice|author1=David Anderson|author2=Richard H. Grove|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1990|isbn=0-521-34990-7}}</ref> == Fiko == Sokoto River ɗon ƴiwo nder lesdi Sudan [[Sudan (region)|Savannah]] nder lesdi Nigeria. Wurooji ɗi anndaa ko anndaa, diga 500 mm haa 1,300 mm hitaande nder wakkati June haa Septemba. Ka yeeso haɓɓugo dam, yimɓe 50,000 nder nder ndiyam Sokoto fuɗɗiima haɓɓugo, ɓe ɗon mari kuugal fuɗnaaki, ɓe ɗon ɓeya arsaa e sorghum nder sahaa fuɗnaaku, e ɓe ɗon ɓeyi ko'e leɗɗe bana so'a, gargoor e tamata nder sahaa huutore.<ref name=":0" /> Lamuɓe ɗuuɗɓe naftiri e kuuɗe Shadoof ngam ɓe ummi ndiyam diga maayo ngam ɓe mburtina nder nder nder nder ndiyamji. Debbo'en nder [[purdah]] ɗon mbaɗata kuuɗe nder fannu, ammaa ɓe ɗon mari hakkiloji jaɓugo e wallude nder kuugal. Debbo'en ɓe ɓe ɗonno nder yaasi ɗon kuuwa nder lamndol.<ref name="helsinki" /> Fuu leydi ndii ɗon mari yimɓe ɓe mbaɗata ɗum'en, walaa goɗɗum ko ɓe mbaɗataa.<ref name=":0" /> Limooɓe nder nokkuure nden, ɓe ɗon njooɗugo nder nder nder nderji, ɓe ɓurdi ɓeydaago ngam foofugo risku diga ɓe ɓeyda ɓeydaaki. Fannu ndu ɗon haani ha nder sahaaji sahaaji, e yiɗde ndiyam je ɗon haani ɗum gooto e daliila haɓɓugo dam.<ref name=":0" /> == Fuuɗuki == Nder dubi alif 1969, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) waɗi habaru dow darnde ngam darnde dam e darnde darnde darnuki nder [[Talata Mafara]], bee darnde darnduki dow ndiyam ngam darnde. Fedde FAO nder warugo haala nde hollitii muhimminki laabi laabi ɗi ngaɗata hujja ɓurɗum ha hujja dow laabi huutoreeji leydi, nder fannu ngam walaa anndal nder kuuje ha nder nokkuure. Nder hitaande dubi alif 1971 laamu lesdi Naajeeriya noddi suɓaaji ngam suɓaaje e hakkilantaaku nder nder nder nder hitaande 1972, hokki golle to Impressit Bakolori Nigeria, maral ngal 60% ha laamu lesdi Nigeria e 40% ha maral [[Fiyat|Fiat]]. Nder wakkati jannguki 1972 haa 1974, laabi maral ngal ɓeydi haa hawti e damma mawɗo go'o e laabi mawɗi nder sistemji naange masin. Lardooɓe gariiri naa' ɓe haajinaama nder nder nder nder kuugal jaaynde nden, nden walaa kuugal jaayngal ngal waɗata dow ɓaawo.<ref name=":0" /> === Maaki === Maaki damma fuɗɗii nder hitaande 1974 nden timmi nder hitaande dubi alif 1978, caggal ɗum waɗi duuɓi tati ngam limgal damma. Dam woni dow dow dow dow leydi, e daande leydi, e nder suudu ɓernde e nder njamndi, e daare e nder njanngirde e nder njanndi, e nder daande e nder daare e daande e daande 48 m, e nder nder daande daande ndiyam e nder dabare daande 3 MW. Luttuɗe e canalji ji'am naa' ɓe timmini haa 1983 e ɓe ɗon hawta bee haaki 23,000 tan ha haaki 30,000 ha haaki diga fuɗɗam. ndiyam ɗon wurtina haa haaktorji 15,000 bee haaktorje 8,000 bee haaktarji gravity. Fuuɗe njamndi ɗon mari ceede, ammaa ɓe naftira ndiyam ɓurɗum to ɓe njamndiɗum. Caggal ɓeydaago ceede, kuugal naange waɗi nder kuugal ɓurɗo boɗeeji e haaktere nder duuniyaaru.<ref name=":0" /> Maɓɓugo dam, bee landing, clearing e canal construction halki laamuuji be leɗɗe. Yimɓe gariiri ɓe laati ɓeen laamiiɓe ɓe walaa leydi. Yimɓe ɓurɓe fuu ɓe keɓataa ceede, koo ɓe hokki leydi ɗe ɓe mbaawaa. Yimɓe jooɗiiɓe ɓe ɓe mbaɗi ɓe nganndi ko ɓe anndaa bana buroodi.<ref name="helsinki" /> Nder maɓɓugo maɓɓugo, remooɓe nokku ɗon ɓe mbaawaa ko ɓe mbaadi ngam ɓe njooɗugo duuɓi ɗuuɗɗi. Nde ɓe kawti e yimɓe ɓe ɗon holla nder lewru Noofambar 1979, gomnaaku Sokoto, [[Shehu Kangiwa]], waɗi alkawal ngam haɓɓugo ko ɓe ɗon haɓɓana fuu. Ammaa, nder 28 abriil 1980 polis ɓe ɗon hawta dow yimɓe ɓe ɓe ngalaa jawdi ɓe mbari yimɓe 380 diga maɓɓe. Dowla ɗon maaki nyau ndu, ɗon wi'a 25 tan maayi.<ref name="loveejoy" /> === Fuuɗuki dow ndiyam === Yimɓe ɓe ɗon mari ndiyam nder lesdi ɓe ɗon mari maayo ɓe ɗon mari nguleeki ndiyam ɓaawo wakkati ɓesngu, ngam ɓe ɗon ɓeyda ɓaawo wakkati ɓe ɗon mari lesdi.<ref name="Adam1993">{{cite journal|last=Adams|first=W.M.|date=September 1993|title=Development's deaf ear: Downstream users and water releases from the Bakolori Dam, Nigeria|journal=World Development|volume=21|issue=9|pages=1405–1416|doi=10.1016/0305-750X(93)90121-O}}</ref> Yimɓe huutoraade dam naa' ɓe ɗon hakkiilo ngam ngam ngam ɓe ɗon hokkata ndiyam haa wakkatiji naa' haani.<ref>{{cite book|page=[https://archive.org/details/futurelargedamsd00scud/page/n253 236]|title=The future of large dams: dealing with social, environmental, institutional and political costs|url=https://archive.org/details/futurelargedamsd00scud|url-access=limited|last=Scudder|first=Thayer|publisher=Earthscan|year=2005|isbn=1-84407-155-3}}</ref> Dam ngal ɓeydiima ɓeydaaki ɓeydaani e ɓeydaandi, wakkati e ɓeydagol ndiyam nder wakkati sahaaji ndiyam.<ref name="Adam1993" /><ref name=":1">https://web.archive.org/web/20120225071601/http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/eianew/eia/dams%20and%20development/kbase/contrib/soc195.pdf</ref> Ɗum ɓeydi ɗuuɗal ndiyam je ɗon haandi ngam lamnduki, ngam ndiyam ɗuuɗal nder nokkuure je ɗon mari masin e je ɗon mari mari mari mari ɓeydaaki ngam ɓeydaago.<ref name="helsinki" /> Nder nokkuuje dow ndiyam, nder nder leydi haaki 19,000 ha, damma waɗi haaki 7,000 ha haaki dabareeji e 5,000 ha haaki 5,000 haaki haaki.<ref name=":1" /> Ɗu'um majjum fuɗɗii ɓesdaaki ngam ɓeydaaki nder ɓeydaago nder ɓeydagol maaki e sorghum, ammaa yimɓe 12,000 ɓe ɗon ɓootira.<ref>{{cite book|page=[https://archive.org/details/greendevelopment00adam_182/page/n257 231]|title=Green development: environment and sustainability in the Third World|url=https://archive.org/details/greendevelopment00adam_182|url-access=limited|last=Adams|first=William Mark|publisher=Routledge|year=2001|isbn=0-415-14766-2}}</ref> Lottaji ɗi laamu nder laamu fuɗnaama e US$7 million hitaande fuu.<ref>http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2008/03/28/000333037_20080328012434/Rendered/PDF/263270NWP0REPL10Wetlands0Management.pdf</ref> == Fedde jaɓɓorgo e jaɓɓorgal == Dammugal ngal ina woodi nokkuure cukalel to bannge maayo, ɗum waɗi ko haɗi ha ɓesngu nokkuure ɓesngu e ɓesngu nder leƴƴi ɗuuɗɗi. ndiyam ɗam ɗon ɓeyda, ɗon woodi ɓiyɗe leydi ɗon ɗon ɓeydi bana maɓɓugo jayngol e halki ɓeydaaki leɗɗe ndiyam ɗi ndiyam ɗam ɗam ɗon mari nyaamdu. Ɗuum ɗon sakkinta potal nder nder nder nder ndiyam ngam nyaamugo leƴƴi.<ref>http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/T1230E/T1230E08.htm</ref> Dammugal ngal ɗon ɓeyda ɓeydaago diga maayo e nder maayoji e nder nder ndiyamji.<ref>http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/005/T1230E/T1230E06.htm#ch4.1</ref> Nder nokkuure je je jeji, ndiyamji jeji jejiji jeji e jeji jejeji ɗon jeji waɗi jeji, je je je jeɗɗi jeji, ɗe jeji feerootiri feerootiral. Ɗe woodi nyauɓe ɓurɓe ɓeydaade nder ndiyam.<ref name="helsinki" /> Caggal ngam huutoreeji haɓɓuki feere feere feere feere be cukale, sorghum e groundnuts fuɗnaaki bana non ngam saɗugo cukale cukale nden be sarɗi cukale je'e.<ref>M.O.E. Orode (1984-11-09). ''Tropical grain legume bulletin, Issue 28''. International Grain Legume Information Centre. p. 88.</ref> Ha 2003, sistemji sprinkler ɗon ɗon ɗon ɗon maaki, be haaki 7,500 tan ɗon ɗon maami, ɓurna fuu ngam rice, bee huutugo ndiyamji je ɗon haaki gravity.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20081116122312/http://www.usaid.gov/ng/downloads/markets/irrigated_rice_study_report.pdf</ref> Luttuɗum ɗon haa ɓaawo. [[Yimɓe Ekoi|Yimɓe]] ɗuuɗɓe ɓe njogii nder gure.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110604105506/http://www.un.org/cyberschoolbus/student/2005/theme.asp</ref> Kolori dam waɗi ɓeydaaki 53% nder nokkuure je'e je'e.<ref>https://www.ramsar.org/sites/default/files/documents/library/wise_use_of_wetlands_-_g._e._hollis_m._m._holland_e._maltby_and_j._s._larson.pdf</ref> Mawɓe jaabawol dow huutoreeji njanngooji ɗi [[UNESCO]] wurtini nder hitaande 1988 ɓe mbi'i "ngam jaabawol jaayɗe ɓurɗe fuu dow kuugal Kolori footi ɓeydaaki ɓeydaago dow kalkal ngal ɓe jaɓa".<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.ramsar.org/sites/default/files/documents/library/wise_use_of_wetlands_-_g._e._hollis_m._m._holland_e._maltby_and_j._s._larson.pdf|title=Wise Use of Wetlands|author1=G. E. Hollis|author2=M. M. Holland|author3=E. Maltby|author4=J. S. Larson|name-list-style=amp|series=Nature and Resources|volume=XXIV|issue=1|date=January–March 1988|publisher=UNESCO}}</ref> == Kootol == rt48iziazgyzs8d54syfer68ez7ssh3 0 6378 180783 108075 2026-08-04T13:43:09Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180783 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abubakar Atiku Bagudu''' Eriminmo lewru 26 mongou 1961 eii lysidi siyasaju nder [[Naajeeriya]] jornii eii ministajjo ardiiɗo [[Bola Ahmed Tinubu]] oon doon gwamnajjo [[Diiwal Kebbi]] ɓaawo duuɓi 2015 be 2023.<ref>{{cite news|date=2019-03-10|title=Atiku Bagudu re-elected in Kebbi|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/03/10/atiku-bagudu-re-elected-in-kebbi/|access-date=2021-08-04|work=[[P.M. News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Executive Governor - Abubakar Atiku Bagudu {{!}} The Official Website of Kebbi State Government|url=https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/governor/about|access-date=2022-03-05|website=www.kebbistate.gov.ng|archive-date=9 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190417/https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/governor/about|url-status=dead}}</ref> Atiku eii don Sanataajo nder [[Kebbi]] gada duubi 2009 to 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|publisher=INEC|title=Collated Senate results|access-date=2011-05-08|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110419203046/http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|archive-date=19 April 2011}}</ref> == Nguurndam e jaŋde == Atiku Bagudu ummi nder saare alɗuɓe, baaba maako laati ardiiɗo jangirde lesdi haa lesdi Kebbi. O heɓi BSc (faggudu) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Usmanu Danfodiyo]], Sokoto, Msc (faggudu) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Jos e M.A. (geɗe hakkunde leyɗeele). Omo resi ko Zainab Bagudu. == Golle politik == E hitaande 2009, Bagudu lomtii [[Adamu Aliero]] nde o heɓi woote gardagol leydi Kebbi caggal nde Aliero toɗɗaa e juuɗe hooreejo leydi [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ngam wonde jaagorgal FCT e lewru Duujal 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/nass/portfolio/profile.php?id=sen.abubakarbagudu|work=The Senate of Nigeria|title=Sen. Bagudu Abubakar Atiku|access-date=2011-05-09}}</ref> E wooteeji 6 abriil 2011, Bagudu heɓi PDP e 173 595 woote. Ko adii mo, [[Adamu Aliero]], mo yahi haa kawtal lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] (CPC), woni ɗiɗaɓo bee 137,299 woote, Aliyu Bello Mohammed mo kawtal hoore lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] (ACN) woni ɗiɗaɓo bee woote 11,953. E nder wooteeji mawɗi 2015, Atiku Bagudu ummiima e PDP laamu nguu, fayti e lannda All Progressives Congress (APC) o tawtoraama wooteeji guwerneer, o heɓi nasaraaku mawngu e nder wooteeji ɗii. E nder wooteeji guwerneer diiwaan Kebbi ñalnde 9 mars 2019, Bagudu heɓi 673 717 woote, tawi noon Sen. Isah Galaudu mo PDP heɓi 106 633 woote. Bagudu ɗon ƴama, o heɓi tikket hooreejo lesdi (APC) ngam suɓol hooreejo lesdi Kebbi 2023. O fooli suɓol ngol e hooreejo leydi PDP, hono [[Adamu Aliero]], mo o ummii e APC, caggal nde o fooli primaires. O toɗɗaama jaagorgal ko feewti e bidsee e peewnugol faggudu, ko hooreejo leydi [[Bola Tinubu]] toɗɗii mo ñalnde 16 lewru bowte hitaande 2023 === Jaambaraagal mawngal e nder golle Guwerneer === Ɗoon e ɗoon Guwerneer keso hunnaaɗo oo ƴetti golle ngam sanɗaaji laamu diiwaan Kebbi. O yiɗi ko yuɓɓinde golle e porotokolle laamu e heɓtude jawdi laamu majjundi e wujjaaɗo ina heen kaalis. O fuɗɗi kadi kuugal ngal ngam gridgo kuugal siwil lesdi Kebbi dow kuugal hukuumaaji pamari. No Atiku Bagudu yottiri jooɗorde Guwerneer, o hawri e Dowla Kebbi mo njuɓɓudi mum ŋakki. Ko ɓuri miliyoŋaaji 1,2 sukaaɓe kollitaama ina njalti e duɗe, sukaaɓe ɓe ngalaa golle ina njillondiri e laabi, opitaaluuji ɗi ngonaa gollotooɗi e nokkuuji laamuuji ɗi njippiima no feewi. Njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu yaawi nanngude nagge ngee e gite mum tawa accaani waktuuji tedduɗi ɗii njuumta. O ummii e nitty - gritty ngam sosde goomu gollordu ngam heɓtude jawdi laamu e kaalis majjuɗo e wujjaaɗo. Goomu gollordu goomu nguu waawii yiytude miliyaaruuji naira to kaalis laamu ngu guwerneer oo waɗti golloraade ɗoon e ɗoon e reentaade e nder laamu nguu e sosde njuɓɓudi casting ko wayi no, Laabi, duɗe jaaɓi haaɗtirde hakkunde leyɗeele, Laylaytol ndiyam, Opitaaluuji, ''Upgrades'' e refurbishments goɗɗi, Demal e renndooji sekteeruuji dowri ndii. Atiku Bagudu woni ardiiɗo limngal ceede (TSA) nder jiha Kebbi. === Rewtin'de Cellal === Laamu Atiku Bagudu To Diiwal Kebbi fuɗɗi kampaniire mawnde ngam hesɗitingo e ɓamtuki hukuumaaji pamari ɗin nder diiwal Kebbi. Njuɓɓudi makko fuɗɗorii ko e njuɓɓudi cellal e nder duuɓi eaght 230 nokkuuji cellal puɗɗaaɗi ɗii ko maa Mahi, Peewniraa, Ɓeydi, e kaɓirɗe timmuɗe e nder renndooji teeru ɗii e nder ɗeen duuɓi. O udditi taskaram cemmbiɗinki njamu lesdi ngam ɓesdugo heɓugo kuugal njamu cemmbiɗngal ngam yimɓe marɓe semmbe nder jiha kan. Ñalnde 28 lewru Mbooy hitaande 2019 o moƴƴinii 24 Cellal Pulaar E nder Diiwaan Kebbi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu Mahii bloc 2 to suudu safrirdu Sir Yahaya ina waɗi konngol safaara sukaaɓe. O rewtini Hopitaaluuji nder nokkuuje 21 ɗe laamu lesdi Kebbi, o rewtini nokkuure nyawndiigu Kebbi, Kalgo. O udditi goomuuji toppitiiɗi cellal e golle, njuɓɓudi makko udditi seedeeji kesi ngam kisal nguura e golle feewde e nguura kisal (''eatsafe'') E ballondiral e USAID . === Rewolisiyoŋ e nder mahngo laabi === E nder eaght maako bana Governor lesdi Kebbi, Atiku Bagudu mahi ko ɓuri kilooji 200 ko timmi haa jooni nder rentooji wuro e ladde e lesdi ndemri. Laamu Atiku Bagudu waɗii laawol e jolngo e nokkuure Bayan Oando e Tipper Garage to Birnin Kebbi. Pewnaama wuro Kilometreeji Jowi, Laawol Babuche - Bayawa, Laawol Augie - Laawol Zagi, Laawol Ka'oje - Illo, Laawol Badariya - Kola - Zuguru, Laawol Filin Sarki Nepa. Laamu makko moƴƴinii cirƴam Rima e cirƴam joy e nder diiwaan Kebbi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu Peewnii laawol naatgol e ndiyam to Tsohon Gari e Gwadangwaji, laawol naatgol 2,56Km to Ambursa, Feewnitde ponti ɗiɗi to Baban Jori Giede e wuro Baba - Dan yaku. Pewnugol laawol Falale - Barama - Badariya bye pas, laawol aliero - gehuru. === Laamu nguu e nder porogaraamuuji doole === Laamu Atiku Bagudu les njiimaandi Atiku Bagudu faggudu e semmbiɗinki taskaramji nder taariiha lesdi Kebbi. Won e ɓiɓɓe porogaraamuuji ɗii ina mbaɗi Porogaraamuuji ƴellitaare duumotoonde (SDGs) e porogaraamuuji jokkondire e laamu diiwaan Kebbi, ko ina tolnoo e miliyaaruuji 20 e dow mum. Atiku Bagudu seedi janngirde sukaaɓe 2000 worɓe e rewɓe ɓe laamu lesdi ndin janngi dow heɓuki anndal. Feccere 200 otooji njulaagu e nder nokkuuji 21 laamu nokkuuji ɗii. O sosi dokkal mikroo 10000 wonande kala debbo njulaagu tokooso, o sosi kadi peeje dokkal mikroo. O fuɗɗi eɓɓooje keep 100 miliyoŋ kala LGAs ngam sukaaɓe e rewɓe, kaalis goɗɗo 80 miliyoŋ ''reserved'' ngam ''soft loan'' to trader's e artisan . Ñalnde lewru Yarkomaa 2021, guwerneer Atiku Bagudu jaɓii 468,5 miliyoŋ ngam waɗde eɓɓooje e porogaraamuuji semmbeeji les njiimaandi ministeer geɗe rewɓe e ƴellitaare renndo. === Ɓeydude Jaŋde === Ina faami, guwerneer Atiku Bagudu ina teddini jaŋde, haa teeŋti e jaŋde sukaaɓe rewɓe. O yiyri Jaŋde sukaaɓe rewɓe ko hakke mo laamu jeyi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu ɓeydii ceede ɗe leydi ndi hokkata ngam jangirde. Sektoru jaŋde E nder diiwaan Kebbi ina wondi e ŋakkeende mawnde e njuɓɓudi laamu ɓennundi. Gomnaajo Atiku Bagudu tabitini yoɓugo bursiiji janngooɓe nder janngirde mawnde feere-feere, nder jiha kan e yaasi lesdi ndi'i e yaasi lesdi ndi'i, hawtaade e yoɓugo ceede WAEC e NECO ''Examination'' fees ngam janngooɓe janngirde mawnde. E les njiimaandi makko, duɗe tati ƴellitii duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Adamu Augie, Argungun, duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal infirmiyee e jibinannde, Birnin Kebbi, e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde karallaagal cellal, Jega heɓi yamiroore rokkude porogaraamuuji ''Degree'', HND, e Dipolomaaji ngenndiiji (ND). E lewru Duujal 2021 Atiku Bagudu jaɓi janngugol caggal leydi 262 almuudo diiwaan oo ngam janngude courseeji ''Medicine'' e Innjiniyaaruuji to leydi Indiya, [[Ukraine]] e [[Sudan|Sudaan]]. Ko ɓuri 33 e Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Kebbi State to bannge ganndal e karallaagal, Aliero keɓii seedantaagal ummoraade e Komisariyaa Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Ngenndiwal, (NUC). Njuɓɓudi makko wallitii ƴellitde e waylude duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ndema, Zuru haa duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ndema fedde Zuru. O heɓi ceede miliyaaruuji 4 ngam sosde e jaɓde faculté d'ingénierie to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal e karallaagal to [[Kebbi State]], Aliero. E nder njuɓɓudi jaŋde leslesre dowri, ''SUBEB'' 518 suudu janngirdu ina mahaa tawi 1 058 suudu janngirdu ina moƴƴinaa, 42 244 mobelaaji ina ndokkee e 450 unités de toilettes WC ina mahaa, 138 boreholes ina njuɓɓinaa, 383 ekkol B ''wheel''. === Remde === To bannge ndema, laamu Atiku Bagudu kadi teeŋtinii ndema ina jeyaa e ajendaaji mum nafoore. Njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu sosi ko usine paste Tomaat to Ngaski, ina addana winndere nde no feewi hono ''Dangote Rice Mill'' e ''Sugar'', Kebbi, eɓɓoore etanol NNPC E nder [[Zuru Emirate]]. E nder njuɓɓudi faamu hakkunde laamu Kebbi e banke winndereejo njuɓɓudi hakkunde leyɗeele, CBN, NNPC, e Unicef. E laamu laamu diiwaan Atiku Bagudu Kebbi e karallo ko faati e ndema e peewnugol jawdi ngam ƴellitde dowla. E nder yeewtere Anchor Bagudu, nde o woppii 100 tarakteeruuji, 1000 nagge - ɓuuɓri ndi, 100 ɓuuɓri ndi, e 100 motooji ngam gollotooɓe e ɓeydagol ndema jannguɓe. Dowla Kebbi e naatgol banke winndere ina jogii doole 5000 e sukaaɓe e rewɓe E nder ballal ɓeydugol ƴellitaare peewnugol (''APPEALS''). E nder hitaande 8 ndee, njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu heɓi ko ina tolnoo e 50 000 ton metrik. == Jam == Laamu leydi Kebbi ina jogii e nder yontaaji, hollitii wonde sekteeruuji kisal E nder diiwaan hee ina tabitini juɓɓule kisal ɗe nganndu-ɗaa ina mbaawi rokkude kisal juɓɓule ɗee e laaɓal, tawa ina njogii kisal to bannge renndo. Ɗum addani Kebbi Dowla ina weltii e weeyo jam sabu ŋakkeende jokkondiral hakkunde militeer en fof e nder diiwaan hee. Sinerji maɓɓe ustii bonanndeeji endomiik ko wayi no ƴaañde, ''Banditry'', wuyɓe ''Arm'', e kaɓirɗe renndo nannduɗe heen. Laamu Atiku Bagudu ina jogii caɗeele kisal e nder diiwaan hee rewrude e sosde komisiyoŋ reglementeeji tenannaaji e rokkude ɓe logistik, otooji, e njoɓdiiji mum en ɗi ɓe poti ƴettude caggal wellitaare maɓɓe. Laamu Atiku Bagudu rokkii ko ina ɓura 500 oto e kisal E nder [[diiwaan Kebbi]] . == Luural == O anndiraama gollodiiɗo e gonnooɗo hooreejo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] [[Sani Abacha]], mo tuumaama wujjude ko ɓuri miliyaaruuji 2,2 dolaar e kaalis laamu e nder duuɓi joy ɗi o woni hooreejo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] e kitaale 1990. == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol guwerneeruuji diiwaan Kebbi Njeenaari e njeenaari E lewru Oktoobar 2022, teddungal ngenndiwal Naajeeriya, hooreejo leydi Naajeeriya, [[Muhammadu Buhari]], hokki mo. Njeenaari fedde CMAN. Njeenaari kuugal laamu hokkaama hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]] . Njeenaari nder ndemri e kisal nyaamdu ko hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]] hokki . Njeenaari ɓurndi moƴƴude ndi NLC rokki. Njeenaari njuɓɓudi njulaagu caggal leydi. Njeenaari ngenndi ndi hooreejo leydi Nijeer hono [[Mohamed Bazoum]] rokki ndi. Ballal keeringal e jaŋde ngal NUT waɗi. Sardaan Yauri. Jaagorɗo mawɗo jaaynde ''Street Journal'' ngam lewru noowammbar 2023. Njeenaari Ammbasadeer ngenndiijo to weeyo Jawdi mbaylaandi maaro hokka hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]]. Jamma anndinde NIMASA. == Tendinowo == [[Category:Stub]] a30xqe4chvb9zjo6znwptxrhm5pzbqx 180784 180783 2026-08-04T13:44:04Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180784 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abubakar Atiku Bagudu''' Eriminmo lewru 26 mongou 1961 eii lysidi siyasaju nder [[Naajeeriya]] jornii eii ministajjo ardiiɗo [[Bola Ahmed Tinubu]] oon doon gwamnajjo [[Diiwal Kebbi]] ɓaawo duuɓi 2015 be 2023.<ref>{{cite news|date=2019-03-10|title=Atiku Bagudu re-elected in Kebbi|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/03/10/atiku-bagudu-re-elected-in-kebbi/|access-date=2021-08-04|work=[[P.M. News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Executive Governor - Abubakar Atiku Bagudu {{!}} The Official Website of Kebbi State Government|url=https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/governor/about|access-date=2022-03-05|website=www.kebbistate.gov.ng|archive-date=9 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190417/https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/governor/about|url-status=dead}}</ref> Atiku eii don Sanataajo nder [[Kebbi]] gada duubi 2009 to 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|publisher=INEC|title=Collated Senate results|access-date=2011-05-08|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110419203046/http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|archive-date=19 April 2011}}</ref> == Nguurndam e jaŋde == Atiku Bagudu ummi nder saare alɗuɓe, baaba maako laati ardiiɗo jangirde lesdi haa lesdi Kebbi. O heɓi BSc (faggudu) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Usmanu Danfodiyo]], Sokoto, Msc (faggudu) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Jos e M.A. (geɗe hakkunde leyɗeele). Omo resi ko Zainab Bagudu..<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|publisher=INEC|title=Collated Senate results|access-date=2011-05-08|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110419203046/http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|archive-date=19 April 2011}}</ref> == Golle politik == E hitaande 2009, Bagudu lomtii [[Adamu Aliero]] nde o heɓi woote gardagol leydi Kebbi caggal nde Aliero toɗɗaa e juuɗe hooreejo leydi [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ngam wonde jaagorgal FCT e lewru Duujal 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/nass/portfolio/profile.php?id=sen.abubakarbagudu|work=The Senate of Nigeria|title=Sen. Bagudu Abubakar Atiku|access-date=2011-05-09}}</ref> E wooteeji 6 abriil 2011, Bagudu heɓi PDP e 173 595 woote. Ko adii mo, [[Adamu Aliero]], mo yahi haa kawtal lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] (CPC), woni ɗiɗaɓo bee 137,299 woote, Aliyu Bello Mohammed mo kawtal hoore lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] (ACN) woni ɗiɗaɓo bee woote 11,953. E nder wooteeji mawɗi 2015, Atiku Bagudu ummiima e PDP laamu nguu, fayti e lannda All Progressives Congress (APC) o tawtoraama wooteeji guwerneer, o heɓi nasaraaku mawngu e nder wooteeji ɗii. E nder wooteeji guwerneer diiwaan Kebbi ñalnde 9 mars 2019, Bagudu heɓi 673 717 woote, tawi noon Sen. Isah Galaudu mo PDP heɓi 106 633 woote. Bagudu ɗon ƴama, o heɓi tikket hooreejo lesdi (APC) ngam suɓol hooreejo lesdi Kebbi 2023. O fooli suɓol ngol e hooreejo leydi PDP, hono [[Adamu Aliero]], mo o ummii e APC, caggal nde o fooli primaires. O toɗɗaama jaagorgal ko feewti e bidsee e peewnugol faggudu, ko hooreejo leydi [[Bola Tinubu]] toɗɗii mo ñalnde 16 lewru bowte hitaande 2023 === Jaambaraagal mawngal e nder golle Guwerneer === Ɗoon e ɗoon Guwerneer keso hunnaaɗo oo ƴetti golle ngam sanɗaaji laamu diiwaan Kebbi. O yiɗi ko yuɓɓinde golle e porotokolle laamu e heɓtude jawdi laamu majjundi e wujjaaɗo ina heen kaalis. O fuɗɗi kadi kuugal ngal ngam gridgo kuugal siwil lesdi Kebbi dow kuugal hukuumaaji pamari. No Atiku Bagudu yottiri jooɗorde Guwerneer, o hawri e Dowla Kebbi mo njuɓɓudi mum ŋakki. Ko ɓuri miliyoŋaaji 1,2 sukaaɓe kollitaama ina njalti e duɗe, sukaaɓe ɓe ngalaa golle ina njillondiri e laabi, opitaaluuji ɗi ngonaa gollotooɗi e nokkuuji laamuuji ɗi njippiima no feewi. Njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu yaawi nanngude nagge ngee e gite mum tawa accaani waktuuji tedduɗi ɗii njuumta. O ummii e nitty - gritty ngam sosde goomu gollordu ngam heɓtude jawdi laamu e kaalis majjuɗo e wujjaaɗo. Goomu gollordu goomu nguu waawii yiytude miliyaaruuji naira to kaalis laamu ngu guwerneer oo waɗti golloraade ɗoon e ɗoon e reentaade e nder laamu nguu e sosde njuɓɓudi casting ko wayi no, Laabi, duɗe jaaɓi haaɗtirde hakkunde leyɗeele, Laylaytol ndiyam, Opitaaluuji, ''Upgrades'' e refurbishments goɗɗi, Demal e renndooji sekteeruuji dowri ndii. Atiku Bagudu woni ardiiɗo limngal ceede (TSA) nder jiha Kebbi. === Rewtin'de Cellal === Laamu Atiku Bagudu To Diiwal Kebbi fuɗɗi kampaniire mawnde ngam hesɗitingo e ɓamtuki hukuumaaji pamari ɗin nder diiwal Kebbi. Njuɓɓudi makko fuɗɗorii ko e njuɓɓudi cellal e nder duuɓi eaght 230 nokkuuji cellal puɗɗaaɗi ɗii ko maa Mahi, Peewniraa, Ɓeydi, e kaɓirɗe timmuɗe e nder renndooji teeru ɗii e nder ɗeen duuɓi. O udditi taskaram cemmbiɗinki njamu lesdi ngam ɓesdugo heɓugo kuugal njamu cemmbiɗngal ngam yimɓe marɓe semmbe nder jiha kan. Ñalnde 28 lewru Mbooy hitaande 2019 o moƴƴinii 24 Cellal Pulaar E nder Diiwaan Kebbi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu Mahii bloc 2 to suudu safrirdu Sir Yahaya ina waɗi konngol safaara sukaaɓe. O rewtini Hopitaaluuji nder nokkuuje 21 ɗe laamu lesdi Kebbi, o rewtini nokkuure nyawndiigu Kebbi, Kalgo. O udditi goomuuji toppitiiɗi cellal e golle, njuɓɓudi makko udditi seedeeji kesi ngam kisal nguura e golle feewde e nguura kisal (''eatsafe'') E ballondiral e USAID . === Rewolisiyoŋ e nder mahngo laabi === E nder eaght maako bana Governor lesdi Kebbi, Atiku Bagudu mahi ko ɓuri kilooji 200 ko timmi haa jooni nder rentooji wuro e ladde e lesdi ndemri. Laamu Atiku Bagudu waɗii laawol e jolngo e nokkuure Bayan Oando e Tipper Garage to Birnin Kebbi. Pewnaama wuro Kilometreeji Jowi, Laawol Babuche - Bayawa, Laawol Augie - Laawol Zagi, Laawol Ka'oje - Illo, Laawol Badariya - Kola - Zuguru, Laawol Filin Sarki Nepa. Laamu makko moƴƴinii cirƴam Rima e cirƴam joy e nder diiwaan Kebbi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu Peewnii laawol naatgol e ndiyam to Tsohon Gari e Gwadangwaji, laawol naatgol 2,56Km to Ambursa, Feewnitde ponti ɗiɗi to Baban Jori Giede e wuro Baba - Dan yaku. Pewnugol laawol Falale - Barama - Badariya bye pas, laawol aliero - gehuru. === Laamu nguu e nder porogaraamuuji doole === Laamu Atiku Bagudu les njiimaandi Atiku Bagudu faggudu e semmbiɗinki taskaramji nder taariiha lesdi Kebbi. Won e ɓiɓɓe porogaraamuuji ɗii ina mbaɗi Porogaraamuuji ƴellitaare duumotoonde (SDGs) e porogaraamuuji jokkondire e laamu diiwaan Kebbi, ko ina tolnoo e miliyaaruuji 20 e dow mum. Atiku Bagudu seedi janngirde sukaaɓe 2000 worɓe e rewɓe ɓe laamu lesdi ndin janngi dow heɓuki anndal. Feccere 200 otooji njulaagu e nder nokkuuji 21 laamu nokkuuji ɗii. O sosi dokkal mikroo 10000 wonande kala debbo njulaagu tokooso, o sosi kadi peeje dokkal mikroo. O fuɗɗi eɓɓooje keep 100 miliyoŋ kala LGAs ngam sukaaɓe e rewɓe, kaalis goɗɗo 80 miliyoŋ ''reserved'' ngam ''soft loan'' to trader's e artisan . Ñalnde lewru Yarkomaa 2021, guwerneer Atiku Bagudu jaɓii 468,5 miliyoŋ ngam waɗde eɓɓooje e porogaraamuuji semmbeeji les njiimaandi ministeer geɗe rewɓe e ƴellitaare renndo. === Ɓeydude Jaŋde === Ina faami, guwerneer Atiku Bagudu ina teddini jaŋde, haa teeŋti e jaŋde sukaaɓe rewɓe. O yiyri Jaŋde sukaaɓe rewɓe ko hakke mo laamu jeyi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu ɓeydii ceede ɗe leydi ndi hokkata ngam jangirde. Sektoru jaŋde E nder diiwaan Kebbi ina wondi e ŋakkeende mawnde e njuɓɓudi laamu ɓennundi. Gomnaajo Atiku Bagudu tabitini yoɓugo bursiiji janngooɓe nder janngirde mawnde feere-feere, nder jiha kan e yaasi lesdi ndi'i e yaasi lesdi ndi'i, hawtaade e yoɓugo ceede WAEC e NECO ''Examination'' fees ngam janngooɓe janngirde mawnde. E les njiimaandi makko, duɗe tati ƴellitii duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Adamu Augie, Argungun, duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal infirmiyee e jibinannde, Birnin Kebbi, e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde karallaagal cellal, Jega heɓi yamiroore rokkude porogaraamuuji ''Degree'', HND, e Dipolomaaji ngenndiiji (ND). E lewru Duujal 2021 Atiku Bagudu jaɓi janngugol caggal leydi 262 almuudo diiwaan oo ngam janngude courseeji ''Medicine'' e Innjiniyaaruuji to leydi Indiya, [[Ukraine]] e [[Sudan|Sudaan]]. Ko ɓuri 33 e Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Kebbi State to bannge ganndal e karallaagal, Aliero keɓii seedantaagal ummoraade e Komisariyaa Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Ngenndiwal, (NUC). Njuɓɓudi makko wallitii ƴellitde e waylude duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ndema, Zuru haa duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ndema fedde Zuru. O heɓi ceede miliyaaruuji 4 ngam sosde e jaɓde faculté d'ingénierie to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal e karallaagal to [[Kebbi State]], Aliero. E nder njuɓɓudi jaŋde leslesre dowri, ''SUBEB'' 518 suudu janngirdu ina mahaa tawi 1 058 suudu janngirdu ina moƴƴinaa, 42 244 mobelaaji ina ndokkee e 450 unités de toilettes WC ina mahaa, 138 boreholes ina njuɓɓinaa, 383 ekkol B ''wheel''. === Remde === To bannge ndema, laamu Atiku Bagudu kadi teeŋtinii ndema ina jeyaa e ajendaaji mum nafoore. Njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu sosi ko usine paste Tomaat to Ngaski, ina addana winndere nde no feewi hono ''Dangote Rice Mill'' e ''Sugar'', Kebbi, eɓɓoore etanol NNPC E nder [[Zuru Emirate]]. E nder njuɓɓudi faamu hakkunde laamu Kebbi e banke winndereejo njuɓɓudi hakkunde leyɗeele, CBN, NNPC, e Unicef. E laamu laamu diiwaan Atiku Bagudu Kebbi e karallo ko faati e ndema e peewnugol jawdi ngam ƴellitde dowla. E nder yeewtere Anchor Bagudu, nde o woppii 100 tarakteeruuji, 1000 nagge - ɓuuɓri ndi, 100 ɓuuɓri ndi, e 100 motooji ngam gollotooɓe e ɓeydagol ndema jannguɓe. Dowla Kebbi e naatgol banke winndere ina jogii doole 5000 e sukaaɓe e rewɓe E nder ballal ɓeydugol ƴellitaare peewnugol (''APPEALS''). E nder hitaande 8 ndee, njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu heɓi ko ina tolnoo e 50 000 ton metrik. == Jam == Laamu leydi Kebbi ina jogii e nder yontaaji, hollitii wonde sekteeruuji kisal E nder diiwaan hee ina tabitini juɓɓule kisal ɗe nganndu-ɗaa ina mbaawi rokkude kisal juɓɓule ɗee e laaɓal, tawa ina njogii kisal to bannge renndo. Ɗum addani Kebbi Dowla ina weltii e weeyo jam sabu ŋakkeende jokkondiral hakkunde militeer en fof e nder diiwaan hee. Sinerji maɓɓe ustii bonanndeeji endomiik ko wayi no ƴaañde, ''Banditry'', wuyɓe ''Arm'', e kaɓirɗe renndo nannduɗe heen. Laamu Atiku Bagudu ina jogii caɗeele kisal e nder diiwaan hee rewrude e sosde komisiyoŋ reglementeeji tenannaaji e rokkude ɓe logistik, otooji, e njoɓdiiji mum en ɗi ɓe poti ƴettude caggal wellitaare maɓɓe. Laamu Atiku Bagudu rokkii ko ina ɓura 500 oto e kisal E nder [[diiwaan Kebbi]] . == Luural == O anndiraama gollodiiɗo e gonnooɗo hooreejo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] [[Sani Abacha]], mo tuumaama wujjude ko ɓuri miliyaaruuji 2,2 dolaar e kaalis laamu e nder duuɓi joy ɗi o woni hooreejo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] e kitaale 1990. == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol guwerneeruuji diiwaan Kebbi Njeenaari e njeenaari E lewru Oktoobar 2022, teddungal ngenndiwal Naajeeriya, hooreejo leydi Naajeeriya, [[Muhammadu Buhari]], hokki mo. Njeenaari fedde CMAN. Njeenaari kuugal laamu hokkaama hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]] . Njeenaari nder ndemri e kisal nyaamdu ko hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]] hokki . Njeenaari ɓurndi moƴƴude ndi NLC rokki. Njeenaari njuɓɓudi njulaagu caggal leydi. Njeenaari ngenndi ndi hooreejo leydi Nijeer hono [[Mohamed Bazoum]] rokki ndi. Ballal keeringal e jaŋde ngal NUT waɗi. Sardaan Yauri. Jaagorɗo mawɗo jaaynde ''Street Journal'' ngam lewru noowammbar 2023. Njeenaari Ammbasadeer ngenndiijo to weeyo Jawdi mbaylaandi maaro hokka hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]]. Jamma anndinde NIMASA. == Tendinowo == [[Category:Stub]] kz0jm0zg4fog8cfym7dvvk11thrdoxk 180785 180784 2026-08-04T13:45:01Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180785 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abubakar Atiku Bagudu''' Eriminmo lewru 26 mongou 1961 eii lysidi siyasaju nder [[Naajeeriya]] jornii eii ministajjo ardiiɗo [[Bola Ahmed Tinubu]] oon doon gwamnajjo [[Diiwal Kebbi]] ɓaawo duuɓi 2015 be 2023.<ref>{{cite news|date=2019-03-10|title=Atiku Bagudu re-elected in Kebbi|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/03/10/atiku-bagudu-re-elected-in-kebbi/|access-date=2021-08-04|work=[[P.M. News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Executive Governor - Abubakar Atiku Bagudu {{!}} The Official Website of Kebbi State Government|url=https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/governor/about|access-date=2022-03-05|website=www.kebbistate.gov.ng|archive-date=9 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190417/https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/governor/about|url-status=dead}}</ref> Atiku eii don Sanataajo nder [[Kebbi]] gada duubi 2009 to 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|publisher=INEC|title=Collated Senate results|access-date=2011-05-08|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110419203046/http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|archive-date=19 April 2011}}</ref> == Nguurndam e jaŋde == Atiku Bagudu ummi nder saare alɗuɓe, baaba maako laati ardiiɗo jangirde lesdi haa lesdi Kebbi. O heɓi BSc (faggudu) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Usmanu Danfodiyo]], Sokoto, Msc (faggudu) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Jos e M.A. (geɗe hakkunde leyɗeele). Omo resi ko Zainab Bagudu..<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|publisher=INEC|title=Collated Senate results|access-date=2011-05-08|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110419203046/http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|archive-date=19 April 2011}}</ref> == Golle politik == E hitaande 2009, Bagudu lomtii [[Adamu Aliero]] nde o heɓi woote gardagol leydi Kebbi caggal nde Aliero toɗɗaa e juuɗe hooreejo leydi [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ngam wonde jaagorgal FCT e lewru Duujal 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/nass/portfolio/profile.php?id=sen.abubakarbagudu|work=The Senate of Nigeria|title=Sen. Bagudu Abubakar Atiku|access-date=2011-05-09}}</ref> E wooteeji 6 abriil 2011, Bagudu heɓi PDP e 173 595 woote. Ko adii mo, [[Adamu Aliero]], mo yahi haa kawtal lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] (CPC), woni ɗiɗaɓo bee 137,299 woote, Aliyu Bello Mohammed mo kawtal hoore lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] (ACN) woni ɗiɗaɓo bee woote 11,953.<ref name="pt">{{cite news|title=Governor Bagudu wins APC ticket for Kebbi Central|url=https://premiumtimesng.com/regional/nwest/533288-governor-bagudu-wins-apc-ticket-for-kebbi-central.html|work=Premium Times|date=2022-05-29|access-date=2024-08-29}}</ref> E nder wooteeji mawɗi 2015, Atiku Bagudu ummiima e PDP laamu nguu, fayti e lannda All Progressives Congress (APC) o tawtoraama wooteeji guwerneer, o heɓi nasaraaku mawngu e nder wooteeji ɗii. E nder wooteeji guwerneer diiwaan Kebbi ñalnde 9 mars 2019, Bagudu heɓi 673 717 woote, tawi noon Sen. Isah Galaudu mo PDP heɓi 106 633 woote. Bagudu ɗon ƴama, o heɓi tikket hooreejo lesdi (APC) ngam suɓol hooreejo lesdi Kebbi 2023. O fooli suɓol ngol e hooreejo leydi PDP, hono [[Adamu Aliero]], mo o ummii e APC, caggal nde o fooli primaires. O toɗɗaama jaagorgal ko feewti e bidsee e peewnugol faggudu, ko hooreejo leydi [[Bola Tinubu]] toɗɗii mo ñalnde 16 lewru bowte hitaande 2023 === Jaambaraagal mawngal e nder golle Guwerneer === Ɗoon e ɗoon Guwerneer keso hunnaaɗo oo ƴetti golle ngam sanɗaaji laamu diiwaan Kebbi. O yiɗi ko yuɓɓinde golle e porotokolle laamu e heɓtude jawdi laamu majjundi e wujjaaɗo ina heen kaalis. O fuɗɗi kadi kuugal ngal ngam gridgo kuugal siwil lesdi Kebbi dow kuugal hukuumaaji pamari. No Atiku Bagudu yottiri jooɗorde Guwerneer, o hawri e Dowla Kebbi mo njuɓɓudi mum ŋakki. Ko ɓuri miliyoŋaaji 1,2 sukaaɓe kollitaama ina njalti e duɗe, sukaaɓe ɓe ngalaa golle ina njillondiri e laabi, opitaaluuji ɗi ngonaa gollotooɗi e nokkuuji laamuuji ɗi njippiima no feewi. Njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu yaawi nanngude nagge ngee e gite mum tawa accaani waktuuji tedduɗi ɗii njuumta. O ummii e nitty - gritty ngam sosde goomu gollordu ngam heɓtude jawdi laamu e kaalis majjuɗo e wujjaaɗo. Goomu gollordu goomu nguu waawii yiytude miliyaaruuji naira to kaalis laamu ngu guwerneer oo waɗti golloraade ɗoon e ɗoon e reentaade e nder laamu nguu e sosde njuɓɓudi casting ko wayi no, Laabi, duɗe jaaɓi haaɗtirde hakkunde leyɗeele, Laylaytol ndiyam, Opitaaluuji, ''Upgrades'' e refurbishments goɗɗi, Demal e renndooji sekteeruuji dowri ndii. Atiku Bagudu woni ardiiɗo limngal ceede (TSA) nder jiha Kebbi. === Rewtin'de Cellal === Laamu Atiku Bagudu To Diiwal Kebbi fuɗɗi kampaniire mawnde ngam hesɗitingo e ɓamtuki hukuumaaji pamari ɗin nder diiwal Kebbi. Njuɓɓudi makko fuɗɗorii ko e njuɓɓudi cellal e nder duuɓi eaght 230 nokkuuji cellal puɗɗaaɗi ɗii ko maa Mahi, Peewniraa, Ɓeydi, e kaɓirɗe timmuɗe e nder renndooji teeru ɗii e nder ɗeen duuɓi. O udditi taskaram cemmbiɗinki njamu lesdi ngam ɓesdugo heɓugo kuugal njamu cemmbiɗngal ngam yimɓe marɓe semmbe nder jiha kan. Ñalnde 28 lewru Mbooy hitaande 2019 o moƴƴinii 24 Cellal Pulaar E nder Diiwaan Kebbi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu Mahii bloc 2 to suudu safrirdu Sir Yahaya ina waɗi konngol safaara sukaaɓe. O rewtini Hopitaaluuji nder nokkuuje 21 ɗe laamu lesdi Kebbi, o rewtini nokkuure nyawndiigu Kebbi, Kalgo. O udditi goomuuji toppitiiɗi cellal e golle, njuɓɓudi makko udditi seedeeji kesi ngam kisal nguura e golle feewde e nguura kisal (''eatsafe'') E ballondiral e USAID . === Rewolisiyoŋ e nder mahngo laabi === E nder eaght maako bana Governor lesdi Kebbi, Atiku Bagudu mahi ko ɓuri kilooji 200 ko timmi haa jooni nder rentooji wuro e ladde e lesdi ndemri. Laamu Atiku Bagudu waɗii laawol e jolngo e nokkuure Bayan Oando e Tipper Garage to Birnin Kebbi. Pewnaama wuro Kilometreeji Jowi, Laawol Babuche - Bayawa, Laawol Augie - Laawol Zagi, Laawol Ka'oje - Illo, Laawol Badariya - Kola - Zuguru, Laawol Filin Sarki Nepa. Laamu makko moƴƴinii cirƴam Rima e cirƴam joy e nder diiwaan Kebbi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu Peewnii laawol naatgol e ndiyam to Tsohon Gari e Gwadangwaji, laawol naatgol 2,56Km to Ambursa, Feewnitde ponti ɗiɗi to Baban Jori Giede e wuro Baba - Dan yaku. Pewnugol laawol Falale - Barama - Badariya bye pas, laawol aliero - gehuru. === Laamu nguu e nder porogaraamuuji doole === Laamu Atiku Bagudu les njiimaandi Atiku Bagudu faggudu e semmbiɗinki taskaramji nder taariiha lesdi Kebbi. Won e ɓiɓɓe porogaraamuuji ɗii ina mbaɗi Porogaraamuuji ƴellitaare duumotoonde (SDGs) e porogaraamuuji jokkondire e laamu diiwaan Kebbi, ko ina tolnoo e miliyaaruuji 20 e dow mum. Atiku Bagudu seedi janngirde sukaaɓe 2000 worɓe e rewɓe ɓe laamu lesdi ndin janngi dow heɓuki anndal. Feccere 200 otooji njulaagu e nder nokkuuji 21 laamu nokkuuji ɗii. O sosi dokkal mikroo 10000 wonande kala debbo njulaagu tokooso, o sosi kadi peeje dokkal mikroo. O fuɗɗi eɓɓooje keep 100 miliyoŋ kala LGAs ngam sukaaɓe e rewɓe, kaalis goɗɗo 80 miliyoŋ ''reserved'' ngam ''soft loan'' to trader's e artisan . Ñalnde lewru Yarkomaa 2021, guwerneer Atiku Bagudu jaɓii 468,5 miliyoŋ ngam waɗde eɓɓooje e porogaraamuuji semmbeeji les njiimaandi ministeer geɗe rewɓe e ƴellitaare renndo. === Ɓeydude Jaŋde === Ina faami, guwerneer Atiku Bagudu ina teddini jaŋde, haa teeŋti e jaŋde sukaaɓe rewɓe. O yiyri Jaŋde sukaaɓe rewɓe ko hakke mo laamu jeyi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu ɓeydii ceede ɗe leydi ndi hokkata ngam jangirde. Sektoru jaŋde E nder diiwaan Kebbi ina wondi e ŋakkeende mawnde e njuɓɓudi laamu ɓennundi. Gomnaajo Atiku Bagudu tabitini yoɓugo bursiiji janngooɓe nder janngirde mawnde feere-feere, nder jiha kan e yaasi lesdi ndi'i e yaasi lesdi ndi'i, hawtaade e yoɓugo ceede WAEC e NECO ''Examination'' fees ngam janngooɓe janngirde mawnde. E les njiimaandi makko, duɗe tati ƴellitii duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Adamu Augie, Argungun, duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal infirmiyee e jibinannde, Birnin Kebbi, e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde karallaagal cellal, Jega heɓi yamiroore rokkude porogaraamuuji ''Degree'', HND, e Dipolomaaji ngenndiiji (ND). E lewru Duujal 2021 Atiku Bagudu jaɓi janngugol caggal leydi 262 almuudo diiwaan oo ngam janngude courseeji ''Medicine'' e Innjiniyaaruuji to leydi Indiya, [[Ukraine]] e [[Sudan|Sudaan]]. Ko ɓuri 33 e Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Kebbi State to bannge ganndal e karallaagal, Aliero keɓii seedantaagal ummoraade e Komisariyaa Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Ngenndiwal, (NUC). Njuɓɓudi makko wallitii ƴellitde e waylude duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ndema, Zuru haa duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ndema fedde Zuru. O heɓi ceede miliyaaruuji 4 ngam sosde e jaɓde faculté d'ingénierie to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal e karallaagal to [[Kebbi State]], Aliero. E nder njuɓɓudi jaŋde leslesre dowri, ''SUBEB'' 518 suudu janngirdu ina mahaa tawi 1 058 suudu janngirdu ina moƴƴinaa, 42 244 mobelaaji ina ndokkee e 450 unités de toilettes WC ina mahaa, 138 boreholes ina njuɓɓinaa, 383 ekkol B ''wheel''. === Remde === To bannge ndema, laamu Atiku Bagudu kadi teeŋtinii ndema ina jeyaa e ajendaaji mum nafoore. Njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu sosi ko usine paste Tomaat to Ngaski, ina addana winndere nde no feewi hono ''Dangote Rice Mill'' e ''Sugar'', Kebbi, eɓɓoore etanol NNPC E nder [[Zuru Emirate]]. E nder njuɓɓudi faamu hakkunde laamu Kebbi e banke winndereejo njuɓɓudi hakkunde leyɗeele, CBN, NNPC, e Unicef. E laamu laamu diiwaan Atiku Bagudu Kebbi e karallo ko faati e ndema e peewnugol jawdi ngam ƴellitde dowla. E nder yeewtere Anchor Bagudu, nde o woppii 100 tarakteeruuji, 1000 nagge - ɓuuɓri ndi, 100 ɓuuɓri ndi, e 100 motooji ngam gollotooɓe e ɓeydagol ndema jannguɓe. Dowla Kebbi e naatgol banke winndere ina jogii doole 5000 e sukaaɓe e rewɓe E nder ballal ɓeydugol ƴellitaare peewnugol (''APPEALS''). E nder hitaande 8 ndee, njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu heɓi ko ina tolnoo e 50 000 ton metrik. == Jam == Laamu leydi Kebbi ina jogii e nder yontaaji, hollitii wonde sekteeruuji kisal E nder diiwaan hee ina tabitini juɓɓule kisal ɗe nganndu-ɗaa ina mbaawi rokkude kisal juɓɓule ɗee e laaɓal, tawa ina njogii kisal to bannge renndo. Ɗum addani Kebbi Dowla ina weltii e weeyo jam sabu ŋakkeende jokkondiral hakkunde militeer en fof e nder diiwaan hee. Sinerji maɓɓe ustii bonanndeeji endomiik ko wayi no ƴaañde, ''Banditry'', wuyɓe ''Arm'', e kaɓirɗe renndo nannduɗe heen. Laamu Atiku Bagudu ina jogii caɗeele kisal e nder diiwaan hee rewrude e sosde komisiyoŋ reglementeeji tenannaaji e rokkude ɓe logistik, otooji, e njoɓdiiji mum en ɗi ɓe poti ƴettude caggal wellitaare maɓɓe. Laamu Atiku Bagudu rokkii ko ina ɓura 500 oto e kisal E nder [[diiwaan Kebbi]] . == Luural == O anndiraama gollodiiɗo e gonnooɗo hooreejo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] [[Sani Abacha]], mo tuumaama wujjude ko ɓuri miliyaaruuji 2,2 dolaar e kaalis laamu e nder duuɓi joy ɗi o woni hooreejo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] e kitaale 1990. == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol guwerneeruuji diiwaan Kebbi Njeenaari e njeenaari E lewru Oktoobar 2022, teddungal ngenndiwal Naajeeriya, hooreejo leydi Naajeeriya, [[Muhammadu Buhari]], hokki mo. Njeenaari fedde CMAN. Njeenaari kuugal laamu hokkaama hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]] . Njeenaari nder ndemri e kisal nyaamdu ko hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]] hokki . Njeenaari ɓurndi moƴƴude ndi NLC rokki. Njeenaari njuɓɓudi njulaagu caggal leydi. Njeenaari ngenndi ndi hooreejo leydi Nijeer hono [[Mohamed Bazoum]] rokki ndi. Ballal keeringal e jaŋde ngal NUT waɗi. Sardaan Yauri. Jaagorɗo mawɗo jaaynde ''Street Journal'' ngam lewru noowammbar 2023. Njeenaari Ammbasadeer ngenndiijo to weeyo Jawdi mbaylaandi maaro hokka hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]]. Jamma anndinde NIMASA. == Tendinowo == [[Category:Stub]] 5u31uqu4hpwvo6hyiylidixwi20mze5 180786 180785 2026-08-04T13:46:25Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180786 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abubakar Atiku Bagudu''' Eriminmo lewru 26 mongou 1961 eii lysidi siyasaju nder [[Naajeeriya]] jornii eii ministajjo ardiiɗo [[Bola Ahmed Tinubu]] oon doon gwamnajjo [[Diiwal Kebbi]] ɓaawo duuɓi 2015 be 2023.<ref>{{cite news|date=2019-03-10|title=Atiku Bagudu re-elected in Kebbi|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/03/10/atiku-bagudu-re-elected-in-kebbi/|access-date=2021-08-04|work=[[P.M. News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Executive Governor - Abubakar Atiku Bagudu {{!}} The Official Website of Kebbi State Government|url=https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/governor/about|access-date=2022-03-05|website=www.kebbistate.gov.ng|archive-date=9 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190417/https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/governor/about|url-status=dead}}</ref> Atiku eii don Sanataajo nder [[Kebbi]] gada duubi 2009 to 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|publisher=INEC|title=Collated Senate results|access-date=2011-05-08|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110419203046/http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|archive-date=19 April 2011}}</ref> == Nguurndam e jaŋde == Atiku Bagudu ummi nder saare alɗuɓe, baaba maako laati ardiiɗo jangirde lesdi haa lesdi Kebbi. O heɓi BSc (faggudu) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Usmanu Danfodiyo]], Sokoto, Msc (faggudu) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Jos e M.A. (geɗe hakkunde leyɗeele). Omo resi ko Zainab Bagudu..<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|publisher=INEC|title=Collated Senate results|access-date=2011-05-08|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110419203046/http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|archive-date=19 April 2011}}</ref> == Golle politik == E hitaande 2009, Bagudu lomtii [[Adamu Aliero]] nde o heɓi woote gardagol leydi Kebbi caggal nde Aliero toɗɗaa e juuɗe hooreejo leydi [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ngam wonde jaagorgal FCT e lewru Duujal 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/nass/portfolio/profile.php?id=sen.abubakarbagudu|work=The Senate of Nigeria|title=Sen. Bagudu Abubakar Atiku|access-date=2011-05-09}}</ref> E wooteeji 6 abriil 2011, Bagudu heɓi PDP e 173 595 woote. Ko adii mo, [[Adamu Aliero]], mo yahi haa kawtal lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] (CPC), woni ɗiɗaɓo bee 137,299 woote, Aliyu Bello Mohammed mo kawtal hoore lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] (ACN) woni ɗiɗaɓo bee woote 11,953.<ref name="pt">{{cite news|title=Governor Bagudu wins APC ticket for Kebbi Central|url=https://premiumtimesng.com/regional/nwest/533288-governor-bagudu-wins-apc-ticket-for-kebbi-central.html|work=Premium Times|date=2022-05-29|access-date=2024-08-29}}</ref> E nder wooteeji mawɗi 2015, Atiku Bagudu ummiima e PDP laamu nguu, fayti e lannda All Progressives Congress (APC) o tawtoraama wooteeji guwerneer, o heɓi nasaraaku mawngu e nder wooteeji ɗii.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-09-28|title=rehabilitated primary healthcare centers ready for use gov bagudu|url=https://nta.ng/2019/09/28/24-rehabilitated-primary-healthcare-centers-ready-for-use-gov-bagudu/|access-date=2019-09-28|website=nta.ng|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2025-01-31|title=revisiting bagudus legacy in kebbi|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2025/01/31/revisiting-bagudus-legacy-in-kebbi/?amp/|access-date=2025-01-31|newspaper=[[This Day]]|language=en-US}}</ref> E nder wooteeji guwerneer diiwaan Kebbi ñalnde 9 mars 2019, Bagudu heɓi 673 717 woote, tawi noon Sen. Isah Galaudu mo PDP heɓi 106 633 woote. Bagudu ɗon ƴama, o heɓi tikket hooreejo lesdi (APC) ngam suɓol hooreejo lesdi Kebbi 2023. O fooli suɓol ngol e hooreejo leydi PDP, hono [[Adamu Aliero]], mo o ummii e APC, caggal nde o fooli primaires. O toɗɗaama jaagorgal ko feewti e bidsee e peewnugol faggudu, ko hooreejo leydi [[Bola Tinubu]] toɗɗii mo ñalnde 16 lewru bowte hitaande 2023 === Jaambaraagal mawngal e nder golle Guwerneer === Ɗoon e ɗoon Guwerneer keso hunnaaɗo oo ƴetti golle ngam sanɗaaji laamu diiwaan Kebbi. O yiɗi ko yuɓɓinde golle e porotokolle laamu e heɓtude jawdi laamu majjundi e wujjaaɗo ina heen kaalis. O fuɗɗi kadi kuugal ngal ngam gridgo kuugal siwil lesdi Kebbi dow kuugal hukuumaaji pamari. No Atiku Bagudu yottiri jooɗorde Guwerneer, o hawri e Dowla Kebbi mo njuɓɓudi mum ŋakki. Ko ɓuri miliyoŋaaji 1,2 sukaaɓe kollitaama ina njalti e duɗe, sukaaɓe ɓe ngalaa golle ina njillondiri e laabi, opitaaluuji ɗi ngonaa gollotooɗi e nokkuuji laamuuji ɗi njippiima no feewi. Njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu yaawi nanngude nagge ngee e gite mum tawa accaani waktuuji tedduɗi ɗii njuumta. O ummii e nitty - gritty ngam sosde goomu gollordu ngam heɓtude jawdi laamu e kaalis majjuɗo e wujjaaɗo. Goomu gollordu goomu nguu waawii yiytude miliyaaruuji naira to kaalis laamu ngu guwerneer oo waɗti golloraade ɗoon e ɗoon e reentaade e nder laamu nguu e sosde njuɓɓudi casting ko wayi no, Laabi, duɗe jaaɓi haaɗtirde hakkunde leyɗeele, Laylaytol ndiyam, Opitaaluuji, ''Upgrades'' e refurbishments goɗɗi, Demal e renndooji sekteeruuji dowri ndii. Atiku Bagudu woni ardiiɗo limngal ceede (TSA) nder jiha Kebbi. === Rewtin'de Cellal === Laamu Atiku Bagudu To Diiwal Kebbi fuɗɗi kampaniire mawnde ngam hesɗitingo e ɓamtuki hukuumaaji pamari ɗin nder diiwal Kebbi. Njuɓɓudi makko fuɗɗorii ko e njuɓɓudi cellal e nder duuɓi eaght 230 nokkuuji cellal puɗɗaaɗi ɗii ko maa Mahi, Peewniraa, Ɓeydi, e kaɓirɗe timmuɗe e nder renndooji teeru ɗii e nder ɗeen duuɓi. O udditi taskaram cemmbiɗinki njamu lesdi ngam ɓesdugo heɓugo kuugal njamu cemmbiɗngal ngam yimɓe marɓe semmbe nder jiha kan. Ñalnde 28 lewru Mbooy hitaande 2019 o moƴƴinii 24 Cellal Pulaar E nder Diiwaan Kebbi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu Mahii bloc 2 to suudu safrirdu Sir Yahaya ina waɗi konngol safaara sukaaɓe. O rewtini Hopitaaluuji nder nokkuuje 21 ɗe laamu lesdi Kebbi, o rewtini nokkuure nyawndiigu Kebbi, Kalgo. O udditi goomuuji toppitiiɗi cellal e golle, njuɓɓudi makko udditi seedeeji kesi ngam kisal nguura e golle feewde e nguura kisal (''eatsafe'') E ballondiral e USAID . === Rewolisiyoŋ e nder mahngo laabi === E nder eaght maako bana Governor lesdi Kebbi, Atiku Bagudu mahi ko ɓuri kilooji 200 ko timmi haa jooni nder rentooji wuro e ladde e lesdi ndemri. Laamu Atiku Bagudu waɗii laawol e jolngo e nokkuure Bayan Oando e Tipper Garage to Birnin Kebbi. Pewnaama wuro Kilometreeji Jowi, Laawol Babuche - Bayawa, Laawol Augie - Laawol Zagi, Laawol Ka'oje - Illo, Laawol Badariya - Kola - Zuguru, Laawol Filin Sarki Nepa. Laamu makko moƴƴinii cirƴam Rima e cirƴam joy e nder diiwaan Kebbi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu Peewnii laawol naatgol e ndiyam to Tsohon Gari e Gwadangwaji, laawol naatgol 2,56Km to Ambursa, Feewnitde ponti ɗiɗi to Baban Jori Giede e wuro Baba - Dan yaku. Pewnugol laawol Falale - Barama - Badariya bye pas, laawol aliero - gehuru. === Laamu nguu e nder porogaraamuuji doole === Laamu Atiku Bagudu les njiimaandi Atiku Bagudu faggudu e semmbiɗinki taskaramji nder taariiha lesdi Kebbi. Won e ɓiɓɓe porogaraamuuji ɗii ina mbaɗi Porogaraamuuji ƴellitaare duumotoonde (SDGs) e porogaraamuuji jokkondire e laamu diiwaan Kebbi, ko ina tolnoo e miliyaaruuji 20 e dow mum. Atiku Bagudu seedi janngirde sukaaɓe 2000 worɓe e rewɓe ɓe laamu lesdi ndin janngi dow heɓuki anndal. Feccere 200 otooji njulaagu e nder nokkuuji 21 laamu nokkuuji ɗii. O sosi dokkal mikroo 10000 wonande kala debbo njulaagu tokooso, o sosi kadi peeje dokkal mikroo. O fuɗɗi eɓɓooje keep 100 miliyoŋ kala LGAs ngam sukaaɓe e rewɓe, kaalis goɗɗo 80 miliyoŋ ''reserved'' ngam ''soft loan'' to trader's e artisan . Ñalnde lewru Yarkomaa 2021, guwerneer Atiku Bagudu jaɓii 468,5 miliyoŋ ngam waɗde eɓɓooje e porogaraamuuji semmbeeji les njiimaandi ministeer geɗe rewɓe e ƴellitaare renndo. === Ɓeydude Jaŋde === Ina faami, guwerneer Atiku Bagudu ina teddini jaŋde, haa teeŋti e jaŋde sukaaɓe rewɓe. O yiyri Jaŋde sukaaɓe rewɓe ko hakke mo laamu jeyi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu ɓeydii ceede ɗe leydi ndi hokkata ngam jangirde. Sektoru jaŋde E nder diiwaan Kebbi ina wondi e ŋakkeende mawnde e njuɓɓudi laamu ɓennundi. Gomnaajo Atiku Bagudu tabitini yoɓugo bursiiji janngooɓe nder janngirde mawnde feere-feere, nder jiha kan e yaasi lesdi ndi'i e yaasi lesdi ndi'i, hawtaade e yoɓugo ceede WAEC e NECO ''Examination'' fees ngam janngooɓe janngirde mawnde. E les njiimaandi makko, duɗe tati ƴellitii duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Adamu Augie, Argungun, duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal infirmiyee e jibinannde, Birnin Kebbi, e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde karallaagal cellal, Jega heɓi yamiroore rokkude porogaraamuuji ''Degree'', HND, e Dipolomaaji ngenndiiji (ND). E lewru Duujal 2021 Atiku Bagudu jaɓi janngugol caggal leydi 262 almuudo diiwaan oo ngam janngude courseeji ''Medicine'' e Innjiniyaaruuji to leydi Indiya, [[Ukraine]] e [[Sudan|Sudaan]]. Ko ɓuri 33 e Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Kebbi State to bannge ganndal e karallaagal, Aliero keɓii seedantaagal ummoraade e Komisariyaa Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Ngenndiwal, (NUC). Njuɓɓudi makko wallitii ƴellitde e waylude duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ndema, Zuru haa duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ndema fedde Zuru. O heɓi ceede miliyaaruuji 4 ngam sosde e jaɓde faculté d'ingénierie to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal e karallaagal to [[Kebbi State]], Aliero. E nder njuɓɓudi jaŋde leslesre dowri, ''SUBEB'' 518 suudu janngirdu ina mahaa tawi 1 058 suudu janngirdu ina moƴƴinaa, 42 244 mobelaaji ina ndokkee e 450 unités de toilettes WC ina mahaa, 138 boreholes ina njuɓɓinaa, 383 ekkol B ''wheel''. === Remde === To bannge ndema, laamu Atiku Bagudu kadi teeŋtinii ndema ina jeyaa e ajendaaji mum nafoore. Njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu sosi ko usine paste Tomaat to Ngaski, ina addana winndere nde no feewi hono ''Dangote Rice Mill'' e ''Sugar'', Kebbi, eɓɓoore etanol NNPC E nder [[Zuru Emirate]]. E nder njuɓɓudi faamu hakkunde laamu Kebbi e banke winndereejo njuɓɓudi hakkunde leyɗeele, CBN, NNPC, e Unicef. E laamu laamu diiwaan Atiku Bagudu Kebbi e karallo ko faati e ndema e peewnugol jawdi ngam ƴellitde dowla. E nder yeewtere Anchor Bagudu, nde o woppii 100 tarakteeruuji, 1000 nagge - ɓuuɓri ndi, 100 ɓuuɓri ndi, e 100 motooji ngam gollotooɓe e ɓeydagol ndema jannguɓe. Dowla Kebbi e naatgol banke winndere ina jogii doole 5000 e sukaaɓe e rewɓe E nder ballal ɓeydugol ƴellitaare peewnugol (''APPEALS''). E nder hitaande 8 ndee, njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu heɓi ko ina tolnoo e 50 000 ton metrik. == Jam == Laamu leydi Kebbi ina jogii e nder yontaaji, hollitii wonde sekteeruuji kisal E nder diiwaan hee ina tabitini juɓɓule kisal ɗe nganndu-ɗaa ina mbaawi rokkude kisal juɓɓule ɗee e laaɓal, tawa ina njogii kisal to bannge renndo. Ɗum addani Kebbi Dowla ina weltii e weeyo jam sabu ŋakkeende jokkondiral hakkunde militeer en fof e nder diiwaan hee. Sinerji maɓɓe ustii bonanndeeji endomiik ko wayi no ƴaañde, ''Banditry'', wuyɓe ''Arm'', e kaɓirɗe renndo nannduɗe heen. Laamu Atiku Bagudu ina jogii caɗeele kisal e nder diiwaan hee rewrude e sosde komisiyoŋ reglementeeji tenannaaji e rokkude ɓe logistik, otooji, e njoɓdiiji mum en ɗi ɓe poti ƴettude caggal wellitaare maɓɓe. Laamu Atiku Bagudu rokkii ko ina ɓura 500 oto e kisal E nder [[diiwaan Kebbi]] . == Luural == O anndiraama gollodiiɗo e gonnooɗo hooreejo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] [[Sani Abacha]], mo tuumaama wujjude ko ɓuri miliyaaruuji 2,2 dolaar e kaalis laamu e nder duuɓi joy ɗi o woni hooreejo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] e kitaale 1990. == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol guwerneeruuji diiwaan Kebbi Njeenaari e njeenaari E lewru Oktoobar 2022, teddungal ngenndiwal Naajeeriya, hooreejo leydi Naajeeriya, [[Muhammadu Buhari]], hokki mo. Njeenaari fedde CMAN. Njeenaari kuugal laamu hokkaama hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]] . Njeenaari nder ndemri e kisal nyaamdu ko hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]] hokki . Njeenaari ɓurndi moƴƴude ndi NLC rokki. Njeenaari njuɓɓudi njulaagu caggal leydi. Njeenaari ngenndi ndi hooreejo leydi Nijeer hono [[Mohamed Bazoum]] rokki ndi. Ballal keeringal e jaŋde ngal NUT waɗi. Sardaan Yauri. Jaagorɗo mawɗo jaaynde ''Street Journal'' ngam lewru noowammbar 2023. Njeenaari Ammbasadeer ngenndiijo to weeyo Jawdi mbaylaandi maaro hokka hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]]. Jamma anndinde NIMASA. == Tendinowo == [[Category:Stub]] 1p5p7zre31d1r5zenk2erqplxrpmow5 180787 180786 2026-08-04T13:47:44Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180787 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abubakar Atiku Bagudu''' Eriminmo lewru 26 mongou 1961 eii lysidi siyasaju nder [[Naajeeriya]] jornii eii ministajjo ardiiɗo [[Bola Ahmed Tinubu]] oon doon gwamnajjo [[Diiwal Kebbi]] ɓaawo duuɓi 2015 be 2023.<ref>{{cite news|date=2019-03-10|title=Atiku Bagudu re-elected in Kebbi|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/03/10/atiku-bagudu-re-elected-in-kebbi/|access-date=2021-08-04|work=[[P.M. News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Executive Governor - Abubakar Atiku Bagudu {{!}} The Official Website of Kebbi State Government|url=https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/governor/about|access-date=2022-03-05|website=www.kebbistate.gov.ng|archive-date=9 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190417/https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/governor/about|url-status=dead}}</ref> Atiku eii don Sanataajo nder [[Kebbi]] gada duubi 2009 to 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|publisher=INEC|title=Collated Senate results|access-date=2011-05-08|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110419203046/http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|archive-date=19 April 2011}}</ref> == Nguurndam e jaŋde == Atiku Bagudu ummi nder saare alɗuɓe, baaba maako laati ardiiɗo jangirde lesdi haa lesdi Kebbi. O heɓi BSc (faggudu) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Usmanu Danfodiyo]], Sokoto, Msc (faggudu) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Jos e M.A. (geɗe hakkunde leyɗeele). Omo resi ko Zainab Bagudu..<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|publisher=INEC|title=Collated Senate results|access-date=2011-05-08|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110419203046/http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|archive-date=19 April 2011}}</ref> == Golle politik == E hitaande 2009, Bagudu lomtii [[Adamu Aliero]] nde o heɓi woote gardagol leydi Kebbi caggal nde Aliero toɗɗaa e juuɗe hooreejo leydi [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ngam wonde jaagorgal FCT e lewru Duujal 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/nass/portfolio/profile.php?id=sen.abubakarbagudu|work=The Senate of Nigeria|title=Sen. Bagudu Abubakar Atiku|access-date=2011-05-09}}</ref> E wooteeji 6 abriil 2011, Bagudu heɓi PDP e 173 595 woote. Ko adii mo, [[Adamu Aliero]], mo yahi haa kawtal lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] (CPC), woni ɗiɗaɓo bee 137,299 woote, Aliyu Bello Mohammed mo kawtal hoore lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] (ACN) woni ɗiɗaɓo bee woote 11,953.<ref name="pt">{{cite news|title=Governor Bagudu wins APC ticket for Kebbi Central|url=https://premiumtimesng.com/regional/nwest/533288-governor-bagudu-wins-apc-ticket-for-kebbi-central.html|work=Premium Times|date=2022-05-29|access-date=2024-08-29}}</ref> E nder wooteeji mawɗi 2015, Atiku Bagudu ummiima e PDP laamu nguu, fayti e lannda All Progressives Congress (APC) o tawtoraama wooteeji guwerneer, o heɓi nasaraaku mawngu e nder wooteeji ɗii.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-09-28|title=rehabilitated primary healthcare centers ready for use gov bagudu|url=https://nta.ng/2019/09/28/24-rehabilitated-primary-healthcare-centers-ready-for-use-gov-bagudu/|access-date=2019-09-28|website=nta.ng|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2025-01-31|title=revisiting bagudus legacy in kebbi|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2025/01/31/revisiting-bagudus-legacy-in-kebbi/?amp/|access-date=2025-01-31|newspaper=[[This Day]]|language=en-US}}</ref> E nder wooteeji guwerneer diiwaan Kebbi ñalnde 9 mars 2019, Bagudu heɓi 673 717 woote, tawi noon Sen. Isah Galaudu mo PDP heɓi 106 633 woote. Bagudu ɗon ƴama, o heɓi tikket hooreejo lesdi (APC) ngam suɓol hooreejo lesdi Kebbi 2023. O fooli suɓol ngol e hooreejo leydi PDP, hono [[Adamu Aliero]], mo o ummii e APC, caggal nde o fooli primaires.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-07-15|title=kebbi state governor approves 3.219 billion naira for construction of access roads|url=https://von.gov.ng/kebbi-state-governor-approves-n3-219bn-for-construction-of-access-roads/|access-date=2021-07-15|newspaper=[[Voice of Nigeria]]|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2025-01-27|title=bagudu celebrating the architect of modern day Kebbi|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2025/01/27/bagudu-celebrating-the-architect-of-modern-day-kebbi/?amp/|access-date=2025-01-27|newspaper=[[This Day]]|language=en-US}}</ref> O toɗɗaama jaagorgal ko feewti e bidsee e peewnugol faggudu, ko hooreejo leydi [[Bola Tinubu]] toɗɗii mo ñalnde 16 lewru bowte hitaande 2023 === Jaambaraagal mawngal e nder golle Guwerneer === Ɗoon e ɗoon Guwerneer keso hunnaaɗo oo ƴetti golle ngam sanɗaaji laamu diiwaan Kebbi. O yiɗi ko yuɓɓinde golle e porotokolle laamu e heɓtude jawdi laamu majjundi e wujjaaɗo ina heen kaalis. O fuɗɗi kadi kuugal ngal ngam gridgo kuugal siwil lesdi Kebbi dow kuugal hukuumaaji pamari. No Atiku Bagudu yottiri jooɗorde Guwerneer, o hawri e Dowla Kebbi mo njuɓɓudi mum ŋakki. Ko ɓuri miliyoŋaaji 1,2 sukaaɓe kollitaama ina njalti e duɗe, sukaaɓe ɓe ngalaa golle ina njillondiri e laabi, opitaaluuji ɗi ngonaa gollotooɗi e nokkuuji laamuuji ɗi njippiima no feewi. Njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu yaawi nanngude nagge ngee e gite mum tawa accaani waktuuji tedduɗi ɗii njuumta. O ummii e nitty - gritty ngam sosde goomu gollordu ngam heɓtude jawdi laamu e kaalis majjuɗo e wujjaaɗo. Goomu gollordu goomu nguu waawii yiytude miliyaaruuji naira to kaalis laamu ngu guwerneer oo waɗti golloraade ɗoon e ɗoon e reentaade e nder laamu nguu e sosde njuɓɓudi casting ko wayi no, Laabi, duɗe jaaɓi haaɗtirde hakkunde leyɗeele, Laylaytol ndiyam, Opitaaluuji, ''Upgrades'' e refurbishments goɗɗi, Demal e renndooji sekteeruuji dowri ndii. Atiku Bagudu woni ardiiɗo limngal ceede (TSA) nder jiha Kebbi. === Rewtin'de Cellal === Laamu Atiku Bagudu To Diiwal Kebbi fuɗɗi kampaniire mawnde ngam hesɗitingo e ɓamtuki hukuumaaji pamari ɗin nder diiwal Kebbi. Njuɓɓudi makko fuɗɗorii ko e njuɓɓudi cellal e nder duuɓi eaght 230 nokkuuji cellal puɗɗaaɗi ɗii ko maa Mahi, Peewniraa, Ɓeydi, e kaɓirɗe timmuɗe e nder renndooji teeru ɗii e nder ɗeen duuɓi. O udditi taskaram cemmbiɗinki njamu lesdi ngam ɓesdugo heɓugo kuugal njamu cemmbiɗngal ngam yimɓe marɓe semmbe nder jiha kan. Ñalnde 28 lewru Mbooy hitaande 2019 o moƴƴinii 24 Cellal Pulaar E nder Diiwaan Kebbi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu Mahii bloc 2 to suudu safrirdu Sir Yahaya ina waɗi konngol safaara sukaaɓe. O rewtini Hopitaaluuji nder nokkuuje 21 ɗe laamu lesdi Kebbi, o rewtini nokkuure nyawndiigu Kebbi, Kalgo. O udditi goomuuji toppitiiɗi cellal e golle, njuɓɓudi makko udditi seedeeji kesi ngam kisal nguura e golle feewde e nguura kisal (''eatsafe'') E ballondiral e USAID . === Rewolisiyoŋ e nder mahngo laabi === E nder eaght maako bana Governor lesdi Kebbi, Atiku Bagudu mahi ko ɓuri kilooji 200 ko timmi haa jooni nder rentooji wuro e ladde e lesdi ndemri. Laamu Atiku Bagudu waɗii laawol e jolngo e nokkuure Bayan Oando e Tipper Garage to Birnin Kebbi. Pewnaama wuro Kilometreeji Jowi, Laawol Babuche - Bayawa, Laawol Augie - Laawol Zagi, Laawol Ka'oje - Illo, Laawol Badariya - Kola - Zuguru, Laawol Filin Sarki Nepa. Laamu makko moƴƴinii cirƴam Rima e cirƴam joy e nder diiwaan Kebbi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu Peewnii laawol naatgol e ndiyam to Tsohon Gari e Gwadangwaji, laawol naatgol 2,56Km to Ambursa, Feewnitde ponti ɗiɗi to Baban Jori Giede e wuro Baba - Dan yaku. Pewnugol laawol Falale - Barama - Badariya bye pas, laawol aliero - gehuru. === Laamu nguu e nder porogaraamuuji doole === Laamu Atiku Bagudu les njiimaandi Atiku Bagudu faggudu e semmbiɗinki taskaramji nder taariiha lesdi Kebbi. Won e ɓiɓɓe porogaraamuuji ɗii ina mbaɗi Porogaraamuuji ƴellitaare duumotoonde (SDGs) e porogaraamuuji jokkondire e laamu diiwaan Kebbi, ko ina tolnoo e miliyaaruuji 20 e dow mum. Atiku Bagudu seedi janngirde sukaaɓe 2000 worɓe e rewɓe ɓe laamu lesdi ndin janngi dow heɓuki anndal. Feccere 200 otooji njulaagu e nder nokkuuji 21 laamu nokkuuji ɗii. O sosi dokkal mikroo 10000 wonande kala debbo njulaagu tokooso, o sosi kadi peeje dokkal mikroo. O fuɗɗi eɓɓooje keep 100 miliyoŋ kala LGAs ngam sukaaɓe e rewɓe, kaalis goɗɗo 80 miliyoŋ ''reserved'' ngam ''soft loan'' to trader's e artisan . Ñalnde lewru Yarkomaa 2021, guwerneer Atiku Bagudu jaɓii 468,5 miliyoŋ ngam waɗde eɓɓooje e porogaraamuuji semmbeeji les njiimaandi ministeer geɗe rewɓe e ƴellitaare renndo. === Ɓeydude Jaŋde === Ina faami, guwerneer Atiku Bagudu ina teddini jaŋde, haa teeŋti e jaŋde sukaaɓe rewɓe. O yiyri Jaŋde sukaaɓe rewɓe ko hakke mo laamu jeyi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu ɓeydii ceede ɗe leydi ndi hokkata ngam jangirde. Sektoru jaŋde E nder diiwaan Kebbi ina wondi e ŋakkeende mawnde e njuɓɓudi laamu ɓennundi. Gomnaajo Atiku Bagudu tabitini yoɓugo bursiiji janngooɓe nder janngirde mawnde feere-feere, nder jiha kan e yaasi lesdi ndi'i e yaasi lesdi ndi'i, hawtaade e yoɓugo ceede WAEC e NECO ''Examination'' fees ngam janngooɓe janngirde mawnde. E les njiimaandi makko, duɗe tati ƴellitii duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Adamu Augie, Argungun, duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal infirmiyee e jibinannde, Birnin Kebbi, e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde karallaagal cellal, Jega heɓi yamiroore rokkude porogaraamuuji ''Degree'', HND, e Dipolomaaji ngenndiiji (ND). E lewru Duujal 2021 Atiku Bagudu jaɓi janngugol caggal leydi 262 almuudo diiwaan oo ngam janngude courseeji ''Medicine'' e Innjiniyaaruuji to leydi Indiya, [[Ukraine]] e [[Sudan|Sudaan]]. Ko ɓuri 33 e Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Kebbi State to bannge ganndal e karallaagal, Aliero keɓii seedantaagal ummoraade e Komisariyaa Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Ngenndiwal, (NUC). Njuɓɓudi makko wallitii ƴellitde e waylude duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ndema, Zuru haa duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ndema fedde Zuru. O heɓi ceede miliyaaruuji 4 ngam sosde e jaɓde faculté d'ingénierie to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal e karallaagal to [[Kebbi State]], Aliero. E nder njuɓɓudi jaŋde leslesre dowri, ''SUBEB'' 518 suudu janngirdu ina mahaa tawi 1 058 suudu janngirdu ina moƴƴinaa, 42 244 mobelaaji ina ndokkee e 450 unités de toilettes WC ina mahaa, 138 boreholes ina njuɓɓinaa, 383 ekkol B ''wheel''. === Remde === To bannge ndema, laamu Atiku Bagudu kadi teeŋtinii ndema ina jeyaa e ajendaaji mum nafoore. Njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu sosi ko usine paste Tomaat to Ngaski, ina addana winndere nde no feewi hono ''Dangote Rice Mill'' e ''Sugar'', Kebbi, eɓɓoore etanol NNPC E nder [[Zuru Emirate]]. E nder njuɓɓudi faamu hakkunde laamu Kebbi e banke winndereejo njuɓɓudi hakkunde leyɗeele, CBN, NNPC, e Unicef. E laamu laamu diiwaan Atiku Bagudu Kebbi e karallo ko faati e ndema e peewnugol jawdi ngam ƴellitde dowla. E nder yeewtere Anchor Bagudu, nde o woppii 100 tarakteeruuji, 1000 nagge - ɓuuɓri ndi, 100 ɓuuɓri ndi, e 100 motooji ngam gollotooɓe e ɓeydagol ndema jannguɓe. Dowla Kebbi e naatgol banke winndere ina jogii doole 5000 e sukaaɓe e rewɓe E nder ballal ɓeydugol ƴellitaare peewnugol (''APPEALS''). E nder hitaande 8 ndee, njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu heɓi ko ina tolnoo e 50 000 ton metrik. == Jam == Laamu leydi Kebbi ina jogii e nder yontaaji, hollitii wonde sekteeruuji kisal E nder diiwaan hee ina tabitini juɓɓule kisal ɗe nganndu-ɗaa ina mbaawi rokkude kisal juɓɓule ɗee e laaɓal, tawa ina njogii kisal to bannge renndo. Ɗum addani Kebbi Dowla ina weltii e weeyo jam sabu ŋakkeende jokkondiral hakkunde militeer en fof e nder diiwaan hee. Sinerji maɓɓe ustii bonanndeeji endomiik ko wayi no ƴaañde, ''Banditry'', wuyɓe ''Arm'', e kaɓirɗe renndo nannduɗe heen. Laamu Atiku Bagudu ina jogii caɗeele kisal e nder diiwaan hee rewrude e sosde komisiyoŋ reglementeeji tenannaaji e rokkude ɓe logistik, otooji, e njoɓdiiji mum en ɗi ɓe poti ƴettude caggal wellitaare maɓɓe. Laamu Atiku Bagudu rokkii ko ina ɓura 500 oto e kisal E nder [[diiwaan Kebbi]] . == Luural == O anndiraama gollodiiɗo e gonnooɗo hooreejo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] [[Sani Abacha]], mo tuumaama wujjude ko ɓuri miliyaaruuji 2,2 dolaar e kaalis laamu e nder duuɓi joy ɗi o woni hooreejo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] e kitaale 1990. == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol guwerneeruuji diiwaan Kebbi Njeenaari e njeenaari E lewru Oktoobar 2022, teddungal ngenndiwal Naajeeriya, hooreejo leydi Naajeeriya, [[Muhammadu Buhari]], hokki mo. Njeenaari fedde CMAN. Njeenaari kuugal laamu hokkaama hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]] . Njeenaari nder ndemri e kisal nyaamdu ko hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]] hokki . Njeenaari ɓurndi moƴƴude ndi NLC rokki. Njeenaari njuɓɓudi njulaagu caggal leydi. Njeenaari ngenndi ndi hooreejo leydi Nijeer hono [[Mohamed Bazoum]] rokki ndi. Ballal keeringal e jaŋde ngal NUT waɗi. Sardaan Yauri. Jaagorɗo mawɗo jaaynde ''Street Journal'' ngam lewru noowammbar 2023. Njeenaari Ammbasadeer ngenndiijo to weeyo Jawdi mbaylaandi maaro hokka hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]]. Jamma anndinde NIMASA. == Tendinowo == [[Category:Stub]] glves63jzvpaw4fmofotzc9sv5dmrc8 180788 180787 2026-08-04T13:49:03Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180788 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abubakar Atiku Bagudu''' Eriminmo lewru 26 mongou 1961 eii lysidi siyasaju nder [[Naajeeriya]] jornii eii ministajjo ardiiɗo [[Bola Ahmed Tinubu]] oon doon gwamnajjo [[Diiwal Kebbi]] ɓaawo duuɓi 2015 be 2023.<ref>{{cite news|date=2019-03-10|title=Atiku Bagudu re-elected in Kebbi|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/03/10/atiku-bagudu-re-elected-in-kebbi/|access-date=2021-08-04|work=[[P.M. News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Executive Governor - Abubakar Atiku Bagudu {{!}} The Official Website of Kebbi State Government|url=https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/governor/about|access-date=2022-03-05|website=www.kebbistate.gov.ng|archive-date=9 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190417/https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/governor/about|url-status=dead}}</ref> Atiku eii don Sanataajo nder [[Kebbi]] gada duubi 2009 to 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|publisher=INEC|title=Collated Senate results|access-date=2011-05-08|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110419203046/http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|archive-date=19 April 2011}}</ref> == Nguurndam e jaŋde == Atiku Bagudu ummi nder saare alɗuɓe, baaba maako laati ardiiɗo jangirde lesdi haa lesdi Kebbi. O heɓi BSc (faggudu) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Usmanu Danfodiyo]], Sokoto, Msc (faggudu) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Jos e M.A. (geɗe hakkunde leyɗeele). Omo resi ko Zainab Bagudu..<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|publisher=INEC|title=Collated Senate results|access-date=2011-05-08|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110419203046/http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|archive-date=19 April 2011}}</ref> == Golle politik == E hitaande 2009, Bagudu lomtii [[Adamu Aliero]] nde o heɓi woote gardagol leydi Kebbi caggal nde Aliero toɗɗaa e juuɗe hooreejo leydi [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ngam wonde jaagorgal FCT e lewru Duujal 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/nass/portfolio/profile.php?id=sen.abubakarbagudu|work=The Senate of Nigeria|title=Sen. Bagudu Abubakar Atiku|access-date=2011-05-09}}</ref> E wooteeji 6 abriil 2011, Bagudu heɓi PDP e 173 595 woote. Ko adii mo, [[Adamu Aliero]], mo yahi haa kawtal lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] (CPC), woni ɗiɗaɓo bee 137,299 woote, Aliyu Bello Mohammed mo kawtal hoore lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] (ACN) woni ɗiɗaɓo bee woote 11,953.<ref name="pt">{{cite news|title=Governor Bagudu wins APC ticket for Kebbi Central|url=https://premiumtimesng.com/regional/nwest/533288-governor-bagudu-wins-apc-ticket-for-kebbi-central.html|work=Premium Times|date=2022-05-29|access-date=2024-08-29}}</ref> E nder wooteeji mawɗi 2015, Atiku Bagudu ummiima e PDP laamu nguu, fayti e lannda All Progressives Congress (APC) o tawtoraama wooteeji guwerneer, o heɓi nasaraaku mawngu e nder wooteeji ɗii.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-09-28|title=rehabilitated primary healthcare centers ready for use gov bagudu|url=https://nta.ng/2019/09/28/24-rehabilitated-primary-healthcare-centers-ready-for-use-gov-bagudu/|access-date=2019-09-28|website=nta.ng|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2025-01-31|title=revisiting bagudus legacy in kebbi|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2025/01/31/revisiting-bagudus-legacy-in-kebbi/?amp/|access-date=2025-01-31|newspaper=[[This Day]]|language=en-US}}</ref> E nder wooteeji guwerneer diiwaan Kebbi ñalnde 9 mars 2019, Bagudu heɓi 673 717 woote, tawi noon Sen. Isah Galaudu mo PDP heɓi 106 633 woote. Bagudu ɗon ƴama, o heɓi tikket hooreejo lesdi (APC) ngam suɓol hooreejo lesdi Kebbi 2023. O fooli suɓol ngol e hooreejo leydi PDP, hono [[Adamu Aliero]], mo o ummii e APC, caggal nde o fooli primaires.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-07-15|title=kebbi state governor approves 3.219 billion naira for construction of access roads|url=https://von.gov.ng/kebbi-state-governor-approves-n3-219bn-for-construction-of-access-roads/|access-date=2021-07-15|newspaper=[[Voice of Nigeria]]|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2025-01-27|title=bagudu celebrating the architect of modern day Kebbi|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2025/01/27/bagudu-celebrating-the-architect-of-modern-day-kebbi/?amp/|access-date=2025-01-27|newspaper=[[This Day]]|language=en-US}}</ref> O toɗɗaama jaagorgal ko feewti e bidsee e peewnugol faggudu, ko hooreejo leydi [[Bola Tinubu]] toɗɗii mo ñalnde 16 lewru bowte hitaande 2023<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-05-10|title=nigeria commits to funding girls education empowerment|url=https://von.gov.ng/nigeria-commits-to-funding-girls-education-empowerment/|access-date=2020-05-10|newspaper=[[Voice of Nigeria]]|language=en-US|archive-date=20 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250320055906/https://von.gov.ng/nigeria-commits-to-funding-girls-education-empowerment/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-07-18|title=Kebbi govt empowers 5800 women with 2.4 billion naira|url=https://leadership.ng/kebbi-govt-empowers-58000-women-with-n2-4bn/|access-date=2019-07-18|newspaper=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]|language=en-US}}</ref> === Jaambaraagal mawngal e nder golle Guwerneer === Ɗoon e ɗoon Guwerneer keso hunnaaɗo oo ƴetti golle ngam sanɗaaji laamu diiwaan Kebbi. O yiɗi ko yuɓɓinde golle e porotokolle laamu e heɓtude jawdi laamu majjundi e wujjaaɗo ina heen kaalis. O fuɗɗi kadi kuugal ngal ngam gridgo kuugal siwil lesdi Kebbi dow kuugal hukuumaaji pamari. No Atiku Bagudu yottiri jooɗorde Guwerneer, o hawri e Dowla Kebbi mo njuɓɓudi mum ŋakki. Ko ɓuri miliyoŋaaji 1,2 sukaaɓe kollitaama ina njalti e duɗe, sukaaɓe ɓe ngalaa golle ina njillondiri e laabi, opitaaluuji ɗi ngonaa gollotooɗi e nokkuuji laamuuji ɗi njippiima no feewi. Njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu yaawi nanngude nagge ngee e gite mum tawa accaani waktuuji tedduɗi ɗii njuumta. O ummii e nitty - gritty ngam sosde goomu gollordu ngam heɓtude jawdi laamu e kaalis majjuɗo e wujjaaɗo. Goomu gollordu goomu nguu waawii yiytude miliyaaruuji naira to kaalis laamu ngu guwerneer oo waɗti golloraade ɗoon e ɗoon e reentaade e nder laamu nguu e sosde njuɓɓudi casting ko wayi no, Laabi, duɗe jaaɓi haaɗtirde hakkunde leyɗeele, Laylaytol ndiyam, Opitaaluuji, ''Upgrades'' e refurbishments goɗɗi, Demal e renndooji sekteeruuji dowri ndii. Atiku Bagudu woni ardiiɗo limngal ceede (TSA) nder jiha Kebbi. === Rewtin'de Cellal === Laamu Atiku Bagudu To Diiwal Kebbi fuɗɗi kampaniire mawnde ngam hesɗitingo e ɓamtuki hukuumaaji pamari ɗin nder diiwal Kebbi. Njuɓɓudi makko fuɗɗorii ko e njuɓɓudi cellal e nder duuɓi eaght 230 nokkuuji cellal puɗɗaaɗi ɗii ko maa Mahi, Peewniraa, Ɓeydi, e kaɓirɗe timmuɗe e nder renndooji teeru ɗii e nder ɗeen duuɓi. O udditi taskaram cemmbiɗinki njamu lesdi ngam ɓesdugo heɓugo kuugal njamu cemmbiɗngal ngam yimɓe marɓe semmbe nder jiha kan. Ñalnde 28 lewru Mbooy hitaande 2019 o moƴƴinii 24 Cellal Pulaar E nder Diiwaan Kebbi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu Mahii bloc 2 to suudu safrirdu Sir Yahaya ina waɗi konngol safaara sukaaɓe. O rewtini Hopitaaluuji nder nokkuuje 21 ɗe laamu lesdi Kebbi, o rewtini nokkuure nyawndiigu Kebbi, Kalgo. O udditi goomuuji toppitiiɗi cellal e golle, njuɓɓudi makko udditi seedeeji kesi ngam kisal nguura e golle feewde e nguura kisal (''eatsafe'') E ballondiral e USAID . === Rewolisiyoŋ e nder mahngo laabi === E nder eaght maako bana Governor lesdi Kebbi, Atiku Bagudu mahi ko ɓuri kilooji 200 ko timmi haa jooni nder rentooji wuro e ladde e lesdi ndemri. Laamu Atiku Bagudu waɗii laawol e jolngo e nokkuure Bayan Oando e Tipper Garage to Birnin Kebbi. Pewnaama wuro Kilometreeji Jowi, Laawol Babuche - Bayawa, Laawol Augie - Laawol Zagi, Laawol Ka'oje - Illo, Laawol Badariya - Kola - Zuguru, Laawol Filin Sarki Nepa. Laamu makko moƴƴinii cirƴam Rima e cirƴam joy e nder diiwaan Kebbi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu Peewnii laawol naatgol e ndiyam to Tsohon Gari e Gwadangwaji, laawol naatgol 2,56Km to Ambursa, Feewnitde ponti ɗiɗi to Baban Jori Giede e wuro Baba - Dan yaku. Pewnugol laawol Falale - Barama - Badariya bye pas, laawol aliero - gehuru. === Laamu nguu e nder porogaraamuuji doole === Laamu Atiku Bagudu les njiimaandi Atiku Bagudu faggudu e semmbiɗinki taskaramji nder taariiha lesdi Kebbi. Won e ɓiɓɓe porogaraamuuji ɗii ina mbaɗi Porogaraamuuji ƴellitaare duumotoonde (SDGs) e porogaraamuuji jokkondire e laamu diiwaan Kebbi, ko ina tolnoo e miliyaaruuji 20 e dow mum. Atiku Bagudu seedi janngirde sukaaɓe 2000 worɓe e rewɓe ɓe laamu lesdi ndin janngi dow heɓuki anndal. Feccere 200 otooji njulaagu e nder nokkuuji 21 laamu nokkuuji ɗii. O sosi dokkal mikroo 10000 wonande kala debbo njulaagu tokooso, o sosi kadi peeje dokkal mikroo. O fuɗɗi eɓɓooje keep 100 miliyoŋ kala LGAs ngam sukaaɓe e rewɓe, kaalis goɗɗo 80 miliyoŋ ''reserved'' ngam ''soft loan'' to trader's e artisan . Ñalnde lewru Yarkomaa 2021, guwerneer Atiku Bagudu jaɓii 468,5 miliyoŋ ngam waɗde eɓɓooje e porogaraamuuji semmbeeji les njiimaandi ministeer geɗe rewɓe e ƴellitaare renndo. === Ɓeydude Jaŋde === Ina faami, guwerneer Atiku Bagudu ina teddini jaŋde, haa teeŋti e jaŋde sukaaɓe rewɓe. O yiyri Jaŋde sukaaɓe rewɓe ko hakke mo laamu jeyi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu ɓeydii ceede ɗe leydi ndi hokkata ngam jangirde. Sektoru jaŋde E nder diiwaan Kebbi ina wondi e ŋakkeende mawnde e njuɓɓudi laamu ɓennundi. Gomnaajo Atiku Bagudu tabitini yoɓugo bursiiji janngooɓe nder janngirde mawnde feere-feere, nder jiha kan e yaasi lesdi ndi'i e yaasi lesdi ndi'i, hawtaade e yoɓugo ceede WAEC e NECO ''Examination'' fees ngam janngooɓe janngirde mawnde. E les njiimaandi makko, duɗe tati ƴellitii duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Adamu Augie, Argungun, duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal infirmiyee e jibinannde, Birnin Kebbi, e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde karallaagal cellal, Jega heɓi yamiroore rokkude porogaraamuuji ''Degree'', HND, e Dipolomaaji ngenndiiji (ND). E lewru Duujal 2021 Atiku Bagudu jaɓi janngugol caggal leydi 262 almuudo diiwaan oo ngam janngude courseeji ''Medicine'' e Innjiniyaaruuji to leydi Indiya, [[Ukraine]] e [[Sudan|Sudaan]]. Ko ɓuri 33 e Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Kebbi State to bannge ganndal e karallaagal, Aliero keɓii seedantaagal ummoraade e Komisariyaa Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Ngenndiwal, (NUC). Njuɓɓudi makko wallitii ƴellitde e waylude duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ndema, Zuru haa duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ndema fedde Zuru. O heɓi ceede miliyaaruuji 4 ngam sosde e jaɓde faculté d'ingénierie to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal e karallaagal to [[Kebbi State]], Aliero. E nder njuɓɓudi jaŋde leslesre dowri, ''SUBEB'' 518 suudu janngirdu ina mahaa tawi 1 058 suudu janngirdu ina moƴƴinaa, 42 244 mobelaaji ina ndokkee e 450 unités de toilettes WC ina mahaa, 138 boreholes ina njuɓɓinaa, 383 ekkol B ''wheel''. === Remde === To bannge ndema, laamu Atiku Bagudu kadi teeŋtinii ndema ina jeyaa e ajendaaji mum nafoore. Njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu sosi ko usine paste Tomaat to Ngaski, ina addana winndere nde no feewi hono ''Dangote Rice Mill'' e ''Sugar'', Kebbi, eɓɓoore etanol NNPC E nder [[Zuru Emirate]]. E nder njuɓɓudi faamu hakkunde laamu Kebbi e banke winndereejo njuɓɓudi hakkunde leyɗeele, CBN, NNPC, e Unicef. E laamu laamu diiwaan Atiku Bagudu Kebbi e karallo ko faati e ndema e peewnugol jawdi ngam ƴellitde dowla. E nder yeewtere Anchor Bagudu, nde o woppii 100 tarakteeruuji, 1000 nagge - ɓuuɓri ndi, 100 ɓuuɓri ndi, e 100 motooji ngam gollotooɓe e ɓeydagol ndema jannguɓe. Dowla Kebbi e naatgol banke winndere ina jogii doole 5000 e sukaaɓe e rewɓe E nder ballal ɓeydugol ƴellitaare peewnugol (''APPEALS''). E nder hitaande 8 ndee, njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu heɓi ko ina tolnoo e 50 000 ton metrik. == Jam == Laamu leydi Kebbi ina jogii e nder yontaaji, hollitii wonde sekteeruuji kisal E nder diiwaan hee ina tabitini juɓɓule kisal ɗe nganndu-ɗaa ina mbaawi rokkude kisal juɓɓule ɗee e laaɓal, tawa ina njogii kisal to bannge renndo. Ɗum addani Kebbi Dowla ina weltii e weeyo jam sabu ŋakkeende jokkondiral hakkunde militeer en fof e nder diiwaan hee. Sinerji maɓɓe ustii bonanndeeji endomiik ko wayi no ƴaañde, ''Banditry'', wuyɓe ''Arm'', e kaɓirɗe renndo nannduɗe heen. Laamu Atiku Bagudu ina jogii caɗeele kisal e nder diiwaan hee rewrude e sosde komisiyoŋ reglementeeji tenannaaji e rokkude ɓe logistik, otooji, e njoɓdiiji mum en ɗi ɓe poti ƴettude caggal wellitaare maɓɓe. Laamu Atiku Bagudu rokkii ko ina ɓura 500 oto e kisal E nder [[diiwaan Kebbi]] . == Luural == O anndiraama gollodiiɗo e gonnooɗo hooreejo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] [[Sani Abacha]], mo tuumaama wujjude ko ɓuri miliyaaruuji 2,2 dolaar e kaalis laamu e nder duuɓi joy ɗi o woni hooreejo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] e kitaale 1990. == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol guwerneeruuji diiwaan Kebbi Njeenaari e njeenaari E lewru Oktoobar 2022, teddungal ngenndiwal Naajeeriya, hooreejo leydi Naajeeriya, [[Muhammadu Buhari]], hokki mo. Njeenaari fedde CMAN. Njeenaari kuugal laamu hokkaama hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]] . Njeenaari nder ndemri e kisal nyaamdu ko hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]] hokki . Njeenaari ɓurndi moƴƴude ndi NLC rokki. Njeenaari njuɓɓudi njulaagu caggal leydi. Njeenaari ngenndi ndi hooreejo leydi Nijeer hono [[Mohamed Bazoum]] rokki ndi. Ballal keeringal e jaŋde ngal NUT waɗi. Sardaan Yauri. Jaagorɗo mawɗo jaaynde ''Street Journal'' ngam lewru noowammbar 2023. Njeenaari Ammbasadeer ngenndiijo to weeyo Jawdi mbaylaandi maaro hokka hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]]. Jamma anndinde NIMASA. == Tendinowo == [[Category:Stub]] 3bztsvxmeq0etd54bkbllkh3g4p4cta 180789 180788 2026-08-04T13:50:33Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180789 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abubakar Atiku Bagudu''' Eriminmo lewru 26 mongou 1961 eii lysidi siyasaju nder [[Naajeeriya]] jornii eii ministajjo ardiiɗo [[Bola Ahmed Tinubu]] oon doon gwamnajjo [[Diiwal Kebbi]] ɓaawo duuɓi 2015 be 2023.<ref>{{cite news|date=2019-03-10|title=Atiku Bagudu re-elected in Kebbi|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/03/10/atiku-bagudu-re-elected-in-kebbi/|access-date=2021-08-04|work=[[P.M. News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Executive Governor - Abubakar Atiku Bagudu {{!}} The Official Website of Kebbi State Government|url=https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/governor/about|access-date=2022-03-05|website=www.kebbistate.gov.ng|archive-date=9 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190417/https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/governor/about|url-status=dead}}</ref> Atiku eii don Sanataajo nder [[Kebbi]] gada duubi 2009 to 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|publisher=INEC|title=Collated Senate results|access-date=2011-05-08|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110419203046/http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|archive-date=19 April 2011}}</ref> == Nguurndam e jaŋde == Atiku Bagudu ummi nder saare alɗuɓe, baaba maako laati ardiiɗo jangirde lesdi haa lesdi Kebbi. O heɓi BSc (faggudu) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Usmanu Danfodiyo]], Sokoto, Msc (faggudu) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Jos e M.A. (geɗe hakkunde leyɗeele). Omo resi ko Zainab Bagudu..<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|publisher=INEC|title=Collated Senate results|access-date=2011-05-08|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110419203046/http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|archive-date=19 April 2011}}</ref> == Golle politik == E hitaande 2009, Bagudu lomtii [[Adamu Aliero]] nde o heɓi woote gardagol leydi Kebbi caggal nde Aliero toɗɗaa e juuɗe hooreejo leydi [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ngam wonde jaagorgal FCT e lewru Duujal 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/nass/portfolio/profile.php?id=sen.abubakarbagudu|work=The Senate of Nigeria|title=Sen. Bagudu Abubakar Atiku|access-date=2011-05-09}}</ref> E wooteeji 6 abriil 2011, Bagudu heɓi PDP e 173 595 woote. Ko adii mo, [[Adamu Aliero]], mo yahi haa kawtal lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] (CPC), woni ɗiɗaɓo bee 137,299 woote, Aliyu Bello Mohammed mo kawtal hoore lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] (ACN) woni ɗiɗaɓo bee woote 11,953.<ref name="pt">{{cite news|title=Governor Bagudu wins APC ticket for Kebbi Central|url=https://premiumtimesng.com/regional/nwest/533288-governor-bagudu-wins-apc-ticket-for-kebbi-central.html|work=Premium Times|date=2022-05-29|access-date=2024-08-29}}</ref> E nder wooteeji mawɗi 2015, Atiku Bagudu ummiima e PDP laamu nguu, fayti e lannda All Progressives Congress (APC) o tawtoraama wooteeji guwerneer, o heɓi nasaraaku mawngu e nder wooteeji ɗii.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-09-28|title=rehabilitated primary healthcare centers ready for use gov bagudu|url=https://nta.ng/2019/09/28/24-rehabilitated-primary-healthcare-centers-ready-for-use-gov-bagudu/|access-date=2019-09-28|website=nta.ng|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2025-01-31|title=revisiting bagudus legacy in kebbi|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2025/01/31/revisiting-bagudus-legacy-in-kebbi/?amp/|access-date=2025-01-31|newspaper=[[This Day]]|language=en-US}}</ref> E nder wooteeji guwerneer diiwaan Kebbi ñalnde 9 mars 2019, Bagudu heɓi 673 717 woote, tawi noon Sen. Isah Galaudu mo PDP heɓi 106 633 woote. Bagudu ɗon ƴama, o heɓi tikket hooreejo lesdi (APC) ngam suɓol hooreejo lesdi Kebbi 2023. O fooli suɓol ngol e hooreejo leydi PDP, hono [[Adamu Aliero]], mo o ummii e APC, caggal nde o fooli primaires.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-07-15|title=kebbi state governor approves 3.219 billion naira for construction of access roads|url=https://von.gov.ng/kebbi-state-governor-approves-n3-219bn-for-construction-of-access-roads/|access-date=2021-07-15|newspaper=[[Voice of Nigeria]]|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2025-01-27|title=bagudu celebrating the architect of modern day Kebbi|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2025/01/27/bagudu-celebrating-the-architect-of-modern-day-kebbi/?amp/|access-date=2025-01-27|newspaper=[[This Day]]|language=en-US}}</ref> O toɗɗaama jaagorgal ko feewti e bidsee e peewnugol faggudu, ko hooreejo leydi [[Bola Tinubu]] toɗɗii mo ñalnde 16 lewru bowte hitaande 2023<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-05-10|title=nigeria commits to funding girls education empowerment|url=https://von.gov.ng/nigeria-commits-to-funding-girls-education-empowerment/|access-date=2020-05-10|newspaper=[[Voice of Nigeria]]|language=en-US|archive-date=20 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250320055906/https://von.gov.ng/nigeria-commits-to-funding-girls-education-empowerment/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-07-18|title=Kebbi govt empowers 5800 women with 2.4 billion naira|url=https://leadership.ng/kebbi-govt-empowers-58000-women-with-n2-4bn/|access-date=2019-07-18|newspaper=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]|language=en-US}}</ref> === Jaambaraagal mawngal e nder golle Guwerneer === Ɗoon e ɗoon Guwerneer keso hunnaaɗo oo ƴetti golle ngam sanɗaaji laamu diiwaan Kebbi. O yiɗi ko yuɓɓinde golle e porotokolle laamu e heɓtude jawdi laamu majjundi e wujjaaɗo ina heen kaalis. O fuɗɗi kadi kuugal ngal ngam gridgo kuugal siwil lesdi Kebbi dow kuugal hukuumaaji pamari. No Atiku Bagudu yottiri jooɗorde Guwerneer, o hawri e Dowla Kebbi mo njuɓɓudi mum ŋakki. Ko ɓuri miliyoŋaaji 1,2 sukaaɓe kollitaama ina njalti e duɗe, sukaaɓe ɓe ngalaa golle ina njillondiri e laabi, opitaaluuji ɗi ngonaa gollotooɗi e nokkuuji laamuuji ɗi njippiima no feewi. Njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu yaawi nanngude nagge ngee e gite mum tawa accaani waktuuji tedduɗi ɗii njuumta. O ummii e nitty - gritty ngam sosde goomu gollordu ngam heɓtude jawdi laamu e kaalis majjuɗo e wujjaaɗo. Goomu gollordu goomu nguu waawii yiytude miliyaaruuji naira to kaalis laamu ngu guwerneer oo waɗti golloraade ɗoon e ɗoon e reentaade e nder laamu nguu e sosde njuɓɓudi casting ko wayi no, Laabi, duɗe jaaɓi haaɗtirde hakkunde leyɗeele, Laylaytol ndiyam, Opitaaluuji, ''Upgrades'' e refurbishments goɗɗi, Demal e renndooji sekteeruuji dowri ndii. Atiku Bagudu woni ardiiɗo limngal ceede (TSA) nder jiha Kebbi.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2016-07-15|title=Kebbi state and egypt to partner on agriculture|url=https://von.gov.ng/kebbi-state-and-egypt-to-partner-on-agriculture/|access-date=2016-07-15|newspaper=[[Voice of Nigeria]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-05-15|title=Agriculture development is kebbi government strength|url=https://guardian.ng/business-services/agricultural-development-is-kebbi-governments-strength/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2019-05-15|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}</ref> === Rewtin'de Cellal === Laamu Atiku Bagudu To Diiwal Kebbi fuɗɗi kampaniire mawnde ngam hesɗitingo e ɓamtuki hukuumaaji pamari ɗin nder diiwal Kebbi. Njuɓɓudi makko fuɗɗorii ko e njuɓɓudi cellal e nder duuɓi eaght 230 nokkuuji cellal puɗɗaaɗi ɗii ko maa Mahi, Peewniraa, Ɓeydi, e kaɓirɗe timmuɗe e nder renndooji teeru ɗii e nder ɗeen duuɓi. O udditi taskaram cemmbiɗinki njamu lesdi ngam ɓesdugo heɓugo kuugal njamu cemmbiɗngal ngam yimɓe marɓe semmbe nder jiha kan. Ñalnde 28 lewru Mbooy hitaande 2019 o moƴƴinii 24 Cellal Pulaar E nder Diiwaan Kebbi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu Mahii bloc 2 to suudu safrirdu Sir Yahaya ina waɗi konngol safaara sukaaɓe. O rewtini Hopitaaluuji nder nokkuuje 21 ɗe laamu lesdi Kebbi, o rewtini nokkuure nyawndiigu Kebbi, Kalgo. O udditi goomuuji toppitiiɗi cellal e golle, njuɓɓudi makko udditi seedeeji kesi ngam kisal nguura e golle feewde e nguura kisal (''eatsafe'') E ballondiral e USAID . === Rewolisiyoŋ e nder mahngo laabi === E nder eaght maako bana Governor lesdi Kebbi, Atiku Bagudu mahi ko ɓuri kilooji 200 ko timmi haa jooni nder rentooji wuro e ladde e lesdi ndemri. Laamu Atiku Bagudu waɗii laawol e jolngo e nokkuure Bayan Oando e Tipper Garage to Birnin Kebbi. Pewnaama wuro Kilometreeji Jowi, Laawol Babuche - Bayawa, Laawol Augie - Laawol Zagi, Laawol Ka'oje - Illo, Laawol Badariya - Kola - Zuguru, Laawol Filin Sarki Nepa. Laamu makko moƴƴinii cirƴam Rima e cirƴam joy e nder diiwaan Kebbi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu Peewnii laawol naatgol e ndiyam to Tsohon Gari e Gwadangwaji, laawol naatgol 2,56Km to Ambursa, Feewnitde ponti ɗiɗi to Baban Jori Giede e wuro Baba - Dan yaku. Pewnugol laawol Falale - Barama - Badariya bye pas, laawol aliero - gehuru. === Laamu nguu e nder porogaraamuuji doole === Laamu Atiku Bagudu les njiimaandi Atiku Bagudu faggudu e semmbiɗinki taskaramji nder taariiha lesdi Kebbi. Won e ɓiɓɓe porogaraamuuji ɗii ina mbaɗi Porogaraamuuji ƴellitaare duumotoonde (SDGs) e porogaraamuuji jokkondire e laamu diiwaan Kebbi, ko ina tolnoo e miliyaaruuji 20 e dow mum. Atiku Bagudu seedi janngirde sukaaɓe 2000 worɓe e rewɓe ɓe laamu lesdi ndin janngi dow heɓuki anndal. Feccere 200 otooji njulaagu e nder nokkuuji 21 laamu nokkuuji ɗii. O sosi dokkal mikroo 10000 wonande kala debbo njulaagu tokooso, o sosi kadi peeje dokkal mikroo. O fuɗɗi eɓɓooje keep 100 miliyoŋ kala LGAs ngam sukaaɓe e rewɓe, kaalis goɗɗo 80 miliyoŋ ''reserved'' ngam ''soft loan'' to trader's e artisan . Ñalnde lewru Yarkomaa 2021, guwerneer Atiku Bagudu jaɓii 468,5 miliyoŋ ngam waɗde eɓɓooje e porogaraamuuji semmbeeji les njiimaandi ministeer geɗe rewɓe e ƴellitaare renndo. === Ɓeydude Jaŋde === Ina faami, guwerneer Atiku Bagudu ina teddini jaŋde, haa teeŋti e jaŋde sukaaɓe rewɓe. O yiyri Jaŋde sukaaɓe rewɓe ko hakke mo laamu jeyi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu ɓeydii ceede ɗe leydi ndi hokkata ngam jangirde. Sektoru jaŋde E nder diiwaan Kebbi ina wondi e ŋakkeende mawnde e njuɓɓudi laamu ɓennundi. Gomnaajo Atiku Bagudu tabitini yoɓugo bursiiji janngooɓe nder janngirde mawnde feere-feere, nder jiha kan e yaasi lesdi ndi'i e yaasi lesdi ndi'i, hawtaade e yoɓugo ceede WAEC e NECO ''Examination'' fees ngam janngooɓe janngirde mawnde. E les njiimaandi makko, duɗe tati ƴellitii duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Adamu Augie, Argungun, duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal infirmiyee e jibinannde, Birnin Kebbi, e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde karallaagal cellal, Jega heɓi yamiroore rokkude porogaraamuuji ''Degree'', HND, e Dipolomaaji ngenndiiji (ND). E lewru Duujal 2021 Atiku Bagudu jaɓi janngugol caggal leydi 262 almuudo diiwaan oo ngam janngude courseeji ''Medicine'' e Innjiniyaaruuji to leydi Indiya, [[Ukraine]] e [[Sudan|Sudaan]]. Ko ɓuri 33 e Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Kebbi State to bannge ganndal e karallaagal, Aliero keɓii seedantaagal ummoraade e Komisariyaa Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Ngenndiwal, (NUC). Njuɓɓudi makko wallitii ƴellitde e waylude duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ndema, Zuru haa duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ndema fedde Zuru. O heɓi ceede miliyaaruuji 4 ngam sosde e jaɓde faculté d'ingénierie to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal e karallaagal to [[Kebbi State]], Aliero. E nder njuɓɓudi jaŋde leslesre dowri, ''SUBEB'' 518 suudu janngirdu ina mahaa tawi 1 058 suudu janngirdu ina moƴƴinaa, 42 244 mobelaaji ina ndokkee e 450 unités de toilettes WC ina mahaa, 138 boreholes ina njuɓɓinaa, 383 ekkol B ''wheel''. === Remde === To bannge ndema, laamu Atiku Bagudu kadi teeŋtinii ndema ina jeyaa e ajendaaji mum nafoore. Njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu sosi ko usine paste Tomaat to Ngaski, ina addana winndere nde no feewi hono ''Dangote Rice Mill'' e ''Sugar'', Kebbi, eɓɓoore etanol NNPC E nder [[Zuru Emirate]]. E nder njuɓɓudi faamu hakkunde laamu Kebbi e banke winndereejo njuɓɓudi hakkunde leyɗeele, CBN, NNPC, e Unicef. E laamu laamu diiwaan Atiku Bagudu Kebbi e karallo ko faati e ndema e peewnugol jawdi ngam ƴellitde dowla. E nder yeewtere Anchor Bagudu, nde o woppii 100 tarakteeruuji, 1000 nagge - ɓuuɓri ndi, 100 ɓuuɓri ndi, e 100 motooji ngam gollotooɓe e ɓeydagol ndema jannguɓe. Dowla Kebbi e naatgol banke winndere ina jogii doole 5000 e sukaaɓe e rewɓe E nder ballal ɓeydugol ƴellitaare peewnugol (''APPEALS''). E nder hitaande 8 ndee, njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu heɓi ko ina tolnoo e 50 000 ton metrik. == Jam == Laamu leydi Kebbi ina jogii e nder yontaaji, hollitii wonde sekteeruuji kisal E nder diiwaan hee ina tabitini juɓɓule kisal ɗe nganndu-ɗaa ina mbaawi rokkude kisal juɓɓule ɗee e laaɓal, tawa ina njogii kisal to bannge renndo. Ɗum addani Kebbi Dowla ina weltii e weeyo jam sabu ŋakkeende jokkondiral hakkunde militeer en fof e nder diiwaan hee. Sinerji maɓɓe ustii bonanndeeji endomiik ko wayi no ƴaañde, ''Banditry'', wuyɓe ''Arm'', e kaɓirɗe renndo nannduɗe heen. Laamu Atiku Bagudu ina jogii caɗeele kisal e nder diiwaan hee rewrude e sosde komisiyoŋ reglementeeji tenannaaji e rokkude ɓe logistik, otooji, e njoɓdiiji mum en ɗi ɓe poti ƴettude caggal wellitaare maɓɓe. Laamu Atiku Bagudu rokkii ko ina ɓura 500 oto e kisal E nder [[diiwaan Kebbi]] . == Luural == O anndiraama gollodiiɗo e gonnooɗo hooreejo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] [[Sani Abacha]], mo tuumaama wujjude ko ɓuri miliyaaruuji 2,2 dolaar e kaalis laamu e nder duuɓi joy ɗi o woni hooreejo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] e kitaale 1990. == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol guwerneeruuji diiwaan Kebbi Njeenaari e njeenaari E lewru Oktoobar 2022, teddungal ngenndiwal Naajeeriya, hooreejo leydi Naajeeriya, [[Muhammadu Buhari]], hokki mo. Njeenaari fedde CMAN. Njeenaari kuugal laamu hokkaama hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]] . Njeenaari nder ndemri e kisal nyaamdu ko hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]] hokki . Njeenaari ɓurndi moƴƴude ndi NLC rokki. Njeenaari njuɓɓudi njulaagu caggal leydi. Njeenaari ngenndi ndi hooreejo leydi Nijeer hono [[Mohamed Bazoum]] rokki ndi. Ballal keeringal e jaŋde ngal NUT waɗi. Sardaan Yauri. Jaagorɗo mawɗo jaaynde ''Street Journal'' ngam lewru noowammbar 2023. Njeenaari Ammbasadeer ngenndiijo to weeyo Jawdi mbaylaandi maaro hokka hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]]. Jamma anndinde NIMASA. == Tendinowo == [[Category:Stub]] omb2qhixfst6j3crd30lbk8ngft6x44 180790 180789 2026-08-04T13:53:25Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180790 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abubakar Atiku Bagudu''' Eriminmo lewru 26 mongou 1961 eii lysidi siyasaju nder [[Naajeeriya]] jornii eii ministajjo ardiiɗo [[Bola Ahmed Tinubu]] oon doon gwamnajjo [[Diiwal Kebbi]] ɓaawo duuɓi 2015 be 2023.<ref>{{cite news|date=2019-03-10|title=Atiku Bagudu re-elected in Kebbi|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/03/10/atiku-bagudu-re-elected-in-kebbi/|access-date=2021-08-04|work=[[P.M. News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Executive Governor - Abubakar Atiku Bagudu {{!}} The Official Website of Kebbi State Government|url=https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/governor/about|access-date=2022-03-05|website=www.kebbistate.gov.ng|archive-date=9 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190417/https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/governor/about|url-status=dead}}</ref> Atiku eii don Sanataajo nder [[Kebbi]] gada duubi 2009 to 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|publisher=INEC|title=Collated Senate results|access-date=2011-05-08|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110419203046/http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|archive-date=19 April 2011}}</ref> == Nguurndam e jaŋde == Atiku Bagudu ummi nder saare alɗuɓe, baaba maako laati ardiiɗo jangirde lesdi haa lesdi Kebbi. O heɓi BSc (faggudu) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Usmanu Danfodiyo]], Sokoto, Msc (faggudu) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Jos e M.A. (geɗe hakkunde leyɗeele). Omo resi ko Zainab Bagudu..<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|publisher=INEC|title=Collated Senate results|access-date=2011-05-08|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110419203046/http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|archive-date=19 April 2011}}</ref> == Golle politik == E hitaande 2009, Bagudu lomtii [[Adamu Aliero]] nde o heɓi woote gardagol leydi Kebbi caggal nde Aliero toɗɗaa e juuɗe hooreejo leydi [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ngam wonde jaagorgal FCT e lewru Duujal 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/nass/portfolio/profile.php?id=sen.abubakarbagudu|work=The Senate of Nigeria|title=Sen. Bagudu Abubakar Atiku|access-date=2011-05-09}}</ref> E wooteeji 6 abriil 2011, Bagudu heɓi PDP e 173 595 woote. Ko adii mo, [[Adamu Aliero]], mo yahi haa kawtal lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] (CPC), woni ɗiɗaɓo bee 137,299 woote, Aliyu Bello Mohammed mo kawtal hoore lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] (ACN) woni ɗiɗaɓo bee woote 11,953.<ref name="pt">{{cite news|title=Governor Bagudu wins APC ticket for Kebbi Central|url=https://premiumtimesng.com/regional/nwest/533288-governor-bagudu-wins-apc-ticket-for-kebbi-central.html|work=Premium Times|date=2022-05-29|access-date=2024-08-29}}</ref> E nder wooteeji mawɗi 2015, Atiku Bagudu ummiima e PDP laamu nguu, fayti e lannda All Progressives Congress (APC) o tawtoraama wooteeji guwerneer, o heɓi nasaraaku mawngu e nder wooteeji ɗii.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-09-28|title=rehabilitated primary healthcare centers ready for use gov bagudu|url=https://nta.ng/2019/09/28/24-rehabilitated-primary-healthcare-centers-ready-for-use-gov-bagudu/|access-date=2019-09-28|website=nta.ng|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2025-01-31|title=revisiting bagudus legacy in kebbi|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2025/01/31/revisiting-bagudus-legacy-in-kebbi/?amp/|access-date=2025-01-31|newspaper=[[This Day]]|language=en-US}}</ref> E nder wooteeji guwerneer diiwaan Kebbi ñalnde 9 mars 2019, Bagudu heɓi 673 717 woote, tawi noon Sen. Isah Galaudu mo PDP heɓi 106 633 woote. Bagudu ɗon ƴama, o heɓi tikket hooreejo lesdi (APC) ngam suɓol hooreejo lesdi Kebbi 2023. O fooli suɓol ngol e hooreejo leydi PDP, hono [[Adamu Aliero]], mo o ummii e APC, caggal nde o fooli primaires.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-07-15|title=kebbi state governor approves 3.219 billion naira for construction of access roads|url=https://von.gov.ng/kebbi-state-governor-approves-n3-219bn-for-construction-of-access-roads/|access-date=2021-07-15|newspaper=[[Voice of Nigeria]]|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2025-01-27|title=bagudu celebrating the architect of modern day Kebbi|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2025/01/27/bagudu-celebrating-the-architect-of-modern-day-kebbi/?amp/|access-date=2025-01-27|newspaper=[[This Day]]|language=en-US}}</ref> O toɗɗaama jaagorgal ko feewti e bidsee e peewnugol faggudu, ko hooreejo leydi [[Bola Tinubu]] toɗɗii mo ñalnde 16 lewru bowte hitaande 2023<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-05-10|title=nigeria commits to funding girls education empowerment|url=https://von.gov.ng/nigeria-commits-to-funding-girls-education-empowerment/|access-date=2020-05-10|newspaper=[[Voice of Nigeria]]|language=en-US|archive-date=20 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250320055906/https://von.gov.ng/nigeria-commits-to-funding-girls-education-empowerment/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-07-18|title=Kebbi govt empowers 5800 women with 2.4 billion naira|url=https://leadership.ng/kebbi-govt-empowers-58000-women-with-n2-4bn/|access-date=2019-07-18|newspaper=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]|language=en-US}}</ref> === Jaambaraagal mawngal e nder golle Guwerneer === Ɗoon e ɗoon Guwerneer keso hunnaaɗo oo ƴetti golle ngam sanɗaaji laamu diiwaan Kebbi. O yiɗi ko yuɓɓinde golle e porotokolle laamu e heɓtude jawdi laamu majjundi e wujjaaɗo ina heen kaalis. O fuɗɗi kadi kuugal ngal ngam gridgo kuugal siwil lesdi Kebbi dow kuugal hukuumaaji pamari. No Atiku Bagudu yottiri jooɗorde Guwerneer, o hawri e Dowla Kebbi mo njuɓɓudi mum ŋakki. Ko ɓuri miliyoŋaaji 1,2 sukaaɓe kollitaama ina njalti e duɗe, sukaaɓe ɓe ngalaa golle ina njillondiri e laabi, opitaaluuji ɗi ngonaa gollotooɗi e nokkuuji laamuuji ɗi njippiima no feewi. Njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu yaawi nanngude nagge ngee e gite mum tawa accaani waktuuji tedduɗi ɗii njuumta. O ummii e nitty - gritty ngam sosde goomu gollordu ngam heɓtude jawdi laamu e kaalis majjuɗo e wujjaaɗo. Goomu gollordu goomu nguu waawii yiytude miliyaaruuji naira to kaalis laamu ngu guwerneer oo waɗti golloraade ɗoon e ɗoon e reentaade e nder laamu nguu e sosde njuɓɓudi casting ko wayi no, Laabi, duɗe jaaɓi haaɗtirde hakkunde leyɗeele, Laylaytol ndiyam, Opitaaluuji, ''Upgrades'' e refurbishments goɗɗi, Demal e renndooji sekteeruuji dowri ndii. Atiku Bagudu woni ardiiɗo limngal ceede (TSA) nder jiha Kebbi.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2016-07-15|title=Kebbi state and egypt to partner on agriculture|url=https://von.gov.ng/kebbi-state-and-egypt-to-partner-on-agriculture/|access-date=2016-07-15|newspaper=[[Voice of Nigeria]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-05-15|title=Agriculture development is kebbi government strength|url=https://guardian.ng/business-services/agricultural-development-is-kebbi-governments-strength/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2019-05-15|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}</ref> === Rewtin'de Cellal === Laamu Atiku Bagudu To Diiwal Kebbi fuɗɗi kampaniire mawnde ngam hesɗitingo e ɓamtuki hukuumaaji pamari ɗin nder diiwal Kebbi. Njuɓɓudi makko fuɗɗorii ko e njuɓɓudi cellal e nder duuɓi eaght 230 nokkuuji cellal puɗɗaaɗi ɗii ko maa Mahi, Peewniraa, Ɓeydi, e kaɓirɗe timmuɗe e nder renndooji teeru ɗii e nder ɗeen duuɓi. O udditi taskaram cemmbiɗinki njamu lesdi ngam ɓesdugo heɓugo kuugal njamu cemmbiɗngal ngam yimɓe marɓe semmbe nder jiha kan. Ñalnde 28 lewru Mbooy hitaande 2019 o moƴƴinii 24 Cellal Pulaar E nder Diiwaan Kebbi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu Mahii bloc 2 to suudu safrirdu Sir Yahaya ina waɗi konngol safaara sukaaɓe. O rewtini Hopitaaluuji nder nokkuuje 21 ɗe laamu lesdi Kebbi, o rewtini nokkuure nyawndiigu Kebbi, Kalgo. O udditi goomuuji toppitiiɗi cellal e golle, njuɓɓudi makko udditi seedeeji kesi ngam kisal nguura e golle feewde e nguura kisal (''eatsafe'') E ballondiral e USAID ..<ref>{{Cite web|date=28 October 2023|title=former governor as liabilities in tinubu cabinet|url=https://www.thepointng.com/former-governors-as-liabilities-in-tinubus-cabinet/|access-date=28 October 2023|website=thepointng.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=28 October 2025|title=cassava to cash how abubakar atiku bagudus bioethanol initiative is transforming agriculture|url=https://independent.ng/cassava-to-cash-how-abubakar-atiku-bagudus-bioethanol-initiative-is-transforming-agriculture/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=28 October 2025|newspaper=[[Independent (Nigeria)|Independent]]|language=en-US}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite news|date=28 July 2025|title=nigerias 54 trillion budget supports economic expansion says bagudu|url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/nigerias-n54-99trn-budget-supports-economic-expansion-says-bagudu/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=28 July 2025|newspaper=[[BusinessDay (Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]|language=en-US}}</ref> === Rewolisiyoŋ e nder mahngo laabi === E nder eaght maako bana Governor lesdi Kebbi, Atiku Bagudu mahi ko ɓuri kilooji 200 ko timmi haa jooni nder rentooji wuro e ladde e lesdi ndemri. Laamu Atiku Bagudu waɗii laawol e jolngo e nokkuure Bayan Oando e Tipper Garage to Birnin Kebbi. Pewnaama wuro Kilometreeji Jowi, Laawol Babuche - Bayawa, Laawol Augie - Laawol Zagi, Laawol Ka'oje - Illo, Laawol Badariya - Kola - Zuguru, Laawol Filin Sarki Nepa. Laamu makko moƴƴinii cirƴam Rima e cirƴam joy e nder diiwaan Kebbi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu Peewnii laawol naatgol e ndiyam to Tsohon Gari e Gwadangwaji, laawol naatgol 2,56Km to Ambursa, Feewnitde ponti ɗiɗi to Baban Jori Giede e wuro Baba - Dan yaku. Pewnugol laawol Falale - Barama - Badariya bye pas, laawol aliero - gehuru. === Laamu nguu e nder porogaraamuuji doole === Laamu Atiku Bagudu les njiimaandi Atiku Bagudu faggudu e semmbiɗinki taskaramji nder taariiha lesdi Kebbi. Won e ɓiɓɓe porogaraamuuji ɗii ina mbaɗi Porogaraamuuji ƴellitaare duumotoonde (SDGs) e porogaraamuuji jokkondire e laamu diiwaan Kebbi, ko ina tolnoo e miliyaaruuji 20 e dow mum. Atiku Bagudu seedi janngirde sukaaɓe 2000 worɓe e rewɓe ɓe laamu lesdi ndin janngi dow heɓuki anndal. Feccere 200 otooji njulaagu e nder nokkuuji 21 laamu nokkuuji ɗii. O sosi dokkal mikroo 10000 wonande kala debbo njulaagu tokooso, o sosi kadi peeje dokkal mikroo. O fuɗɗi eɓɓooje keep 100 miliyoŋ kala LGAs ngam sukaaɓe e rewɓe, kaalis goɗɗo 80 miliyoŋ ''reserved'' ngam ''soft loan'' to trader's e artisan . Ñalnde lewru Yarkomaa 2021, guwerneer Atiku Bagudu jaɓii 468,5 miliyoŋ ngam waɗde eɓɓooje e porogaraamuuji semmbeeji les njiimaandi ministeer geɗe rewɓe e ƴellitaare renndo. === Ɓeydude Jaŋde === Ina faami, guwerneer Atiku Bagudu ina teddini jaŋde, haa teeŋti e jaŋde sukaaɓe rewɓe. O yiyri Jaŋde sukaaɓe rewɓe ko hakke mo laamu jeyi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu ɓeydii ceede ɗe leydi ndi hokkata ngam jangirde. Sektoru jaŋde E nder diiwaan Kebbi ina wondi e ŋakkeende mawnde e njuɓɓudi laamu ɓennundi. Gomnaajo Atiku Bagudu tabitini yoɓugo bursiiji janngooɓe nder janngirde mawnde feere-feere, nder jiha kan e yaasi lesdi ndi'i e yaasi lesdi ndi'i, hawtaade e yoɓugo ceede WAEC e NECO ''Examination'' fees ngam janngooɓe janngirde mawnde. E les njiimaandi makko, duɗe tati ƴellitii duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Adamu Augie, Argungun, duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal infirmiyee e jibinannde, Birnin Kebbi, e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde karallaagal cellal, Jega heɓi yamiroore rokkude porogaraamuuji ''Degree'', HND, e Dipolomaaji ngenndiiji (ND). E lewru Duujal 2021 Atiku Bagudu jaɓi janngugol caggal leydi 262 almuudo diiwaan oo ngam janngude courseeji ''Medicine'' e Innjiniyaaruuji to leydi Indiya, [[Ukraine]] e [[Sudan|Sudaan]]. Ko ɓuri 33 e Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Kebbi State to bannge ganndal e karallaagal, Aliero keɓii seedantaagal ummoraade e Komisariyaa Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Ngenndiwal, (NUC). Njuɓɓudi makko wallitii ƴellitde e waylude duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ndema, Zuru haa duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ndema fedde Zuru. O heɓi ceede miliyaaruuji 4 ngam sosde e jaɓde faculté d'ingénierie to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal e karallaagal to [[Kebbi State]], Aliero. E nder njuɓɓudi jaŋde leslesre dowri, ''SUBEB'' 518 suudu janngirdu ina mahaa tawi 1 058 suudu janngirdu ina moƴƴinaa, 42 244 mobelaaji ina ndokkee e 450 unités de toilettes WC ina mahaa, 138 boreholes ina njuɓɓinaa, 383 ekkol B ''wheel''. === Remde === To bannge ndema, laamu Atiku Bagudu kadi teeŋtinii ndema ina jeyaa e ajendaaji mum nafoore. Njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu sosi ko usine paste Tomaat to Ngaski, ina addana winndere nde no feewi hono ''Dangote Rice Mill'' e ''Sugar'', Kebbi, eɓɓoore etanol NNPC E nder [[Zuru Emirate]]. E nder njuɓɓudi faamu hakkunde laamu Kebbi e banke winndereejo njuɓɓudi hakkunde leyɗeele, CBN, NNPC, e Unicef. E laamu laamu diiwaan Atiku Bagudu Kebbi e karallo ko faati e ndema e peewnugol jawdi ngam ƴellitde dowla. E nder yeewtere Anchor Bagudu, nde o woppii 100 tarakteeruuji, 1000 nagge - ɓuuɓri ndi, 100 ɓuuɓri ndi, e 100 motooji ngam gollotooɓe e ɓeydagol ndema jannguɓe. Dowla Kebbi e naatgol banke winndere ina jogii doole 5000 e sukaaɓe e rewɓe E nder ballal ɓeydugol ƴellitaare peewnugol (''APPEALS''). E nder hitaande 8 ndee, njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu heɓi ko ina tolnoo e 50 000 ton metrik. == Jam == Laamu leydi Kebbi ina jogii e nder yontaaji, hollitii wonde sekteeruuji kisal E nder diiwaan hee ina tabitini juɓɓule kisal ɗe nganndu-ɗaa ina mbaawi rokkude kisal juɓɓule ɗee e laaɓal, tawa ina njogii kisal to bannge renndo. Ɗum addani Kebbi Dowla ina weltii e weeyo jam sabu ŋakkeende jokkondiral hakkunde militeer en fof e nder diiwaan hee. Sinerji maɓɓe ustii bonanndeeji endomiik ko wayi no ƴaañde, ''Banditry'', wuyɓe ''Arm'', e kaɓirɗe renndo nannduɗe heen. Laamu Atiku Bagudu ina jogii caɗeele kisal e nder diiwaan hee rewrude e sosde komisiyoŋ reglementeeji tenannaaji e rokkude ɓe logistik, otooji, e njoɓdiiji mum en ɗi ɓe poti ƴettude caggal wellitaare maɓɓe. Laamu Atiku Bagudu rokkii ko ina ɓura 500 oto e kisal E nder [[diiwaan Kebbi]] . == Luural == O anndiraama gollodiiɗo e gonnooɗo hooreejo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] [[Sani Abacha]], mo tuumaama wujjude ko ɓuri miliyaaruuji 2,2 dolaar e kaalis laamu e nder duuɓi joy ɗi o woni hooreejo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] e kitaale 1990. == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol guwerneeruuji diiwaan Kebbi Njeenaari e njeenaari E lewru Oktoobar 2022, teddungal ngenndiwal Naajeeriya, hooreejo leydi Naajeeriya, [[Muhammadu Buhari]], hokki mo. Njeenaari fedde CMAN. Njeenaari kuugal laamu hokkaama hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]] . Njeenaari nder ndemri e kisal nyaamdu ko hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]] hokki . Njeenaari ɓurndi moƴƴude ndi NLC rokki. Njeenaari njuɓɓudi njulaagu caggal leydi. Njeenaari ngenndi ndi hooreejo leydi Nijeer hono [[Mohamed Bazoum]] rokki ndi. Ballal keeringal e jaŋde ngal NUT waɗi. Sardaan Yauri. Jaagorɗo mawɗo jaaynde ''Street Journal'' ngam lewru noowammbar 2023. Njeenaari Ammbasadeer ngenndiijo to weeyo Jawdi mbaylaandi maaro hokka hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]]. Jamma anndinde NIMASA. == Tendinowo == [[Category:Stub]] i78huw1sw2ttqwzjtq87dntvkaz4bud 180791 180790 2026-08-04T13:56:29Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180791 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abubakar Atiku Bagudu''' Eriminmo lewru 26 mongou 1961 eii lysidi siyasaju nder [[Naajeeriya]] jornii eii ministajjo ardiiɗo [[Bola Ahmed Tinubu]] oon doon gwamnajjo [[Diiwal Kebbi]] ɓaawo duuɓi 2015 be 2023.<ref>{{cite news|date=2019-03-10|title=Atiku Bagudu re-elected in Kebbi|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/03/10/atiku-bagudu-re-elected-in-kebbi/|access-date=2021-08-04|work=[[P.M. News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Executive Governor - Abubakar Atiku Bagudu {{!}} The Official Website of Kebbi State Government|url=https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/governor/about|access-date=2022-03-05|website=www.kebbistate.gov.ng|archive-date=9 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190417/https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/governor/about|url-status=dead}}</ref> Atiku eii don Sanataajo nder [[Kebbi]] gada duubi 2009 to 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|publisher=INEC|title=Collated Senate results|access-date=2011-05-08|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110419203046/http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|archive-date=19 April 2011}}</ref> == Nguurndam e jaŋde == Atiku Bagudu ummi nder saare alɗuɓe, baaba maako laati ardiiɗo jangirde lesdi haa lesdi Kebbi. O heɓi BSc (faggudu) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Usmanu Danfodiyo]], Sokoto, Msc (faggudu) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Jos e M.A. (geɗe hakkunde leyɗeele). Omo resi ko Zainab Bagudu..<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|publisher=INEC|title=Collated Senate results|access-date=2011-05-08|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110419203046/http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=114|archive-date=19 April 2011}}</ref> == Golle politik == E hitaande 2009, Bagudu lomtii [[Adamu Aliero]] nde o heɓi woote gardagol leydi Kebbi caggal nde Aliero toɗɗaa e juuɗe hooreejo leydi [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ngam wonde jaagorgal FCT e lewru Duujal 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/nass/portfolio/profile.php?id=sen.abubakarbagudu|work=The Senate of Nigeria|title=Sen. Bagudu Abubakar Atiku|access-date=2011-05-09}}</ref> E wooteeji 6 abriil 2011, Bagudu heɓi PDP e 173 595 woote. Ko adii mo, [[Adamu Aliero]], mo yahi haa kawtal lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] (CPC), woni ɗiɗaɓo bee 137,299 woote, Aliyu Bello Mohammed mo kawtal hoore lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] (ACN) woni ɗiɗaɓo bee woote 11,953.<ref name="pt">{{cite news|title=Governor Bagudu wins APC ticket for Kebbi Central|url=https://premiumtimesng.com/regional/nwest/533288-governor-bagudu-wins-apc-ticket-for-kebbi-central.html|work=Premium Times|date=2022-05-29|access-date=2024-08-29}}</ref> E nder wooteeji mawɗi 2015, Atiku Bagudu ummiima e PDP laamu nguu, fayti e lannda All Progressives Congress (APC) o tawtoraama wooteeji guwerneer, o heɓi nasaraaku mawngu e nder wooteeji ɗii.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-09-28|title=rehabilitated primary healthcare centers ready for use gov bagudu|url=https://nta.ng/2019/09/28/24-rehabilitated-primary-healthcare-centers-ready-for-use-gov-bagudu/|access-date=2019-09-28|website=nta.ng|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2025-01-31|title=revisiting bagudus legacy in kebbi|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2025/01/31/revisiting-bagudus-legacy-in-kebbi/?amp/|access-date=2025-01-31|newspaper=[[This Day]]|language=en-US}}</ref> E nder wooteeji guwerneer diiwaan Kebbi ñalnde 9 mars 2019, Bagudu heɓi 673 717 woote, tawi noon Sen. Isah Galaudu mo PDP heɓi 106 633 woote. Bagudu ɗon ƴama, o heɓi tikket hooreejo lesdi (APC) ngam suɓol hooreejo lesdi Kebbi 2023. O fooli suɓol ngol e hooreejo leydi PDP, hono [[Adamu Aliero]], mo o ummii e APC, caggal nde o fooli primaires.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-07-15|title=kebbi state governor approves 3.219 billion naira for construction of access roads|url=https://von.gov.ng/kebbi-state-governor-approves-n3-219bn-for-construction-of-access-roads/|access-date=2021-07-15|newspaper=[[Voice of Nigeria]]|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2025-01-27|title=bagudu celebrating the architect of modern day Kebbi|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2025/01/27/bagudu-celebrating-the-architect-of-modern-day-kebbi/?amp/|access-date=2025-01-27|newspaper=[[This Day]]|language=en-US}}</ref> O toɗɗaama jaagorgal ko feewti e bidsee e peewnugol faggudu, ko hooreejo leydi [[Bola Tinubu]] toɗɗii mo ñalnde 16 lewru bowte hitaande 2023<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-05-10|title=nigeria commits to funding girls education empowerment|url=https://von.gov.ng/nigeria-commits-to-funding-girls-education-empowerment/|access-date=2020-05-10|newspaper=[[Voice of Nigeria]]|language=en-US|archive-date=20 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250320055906/https://von.gov.ng/nigeria-commits-to-funding-girls-education-empowerment/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-07-18|title=Kebbi govt empowers 5800 women with 2.4 billion naira|url=https://leadership.ng/kebbi-govt-empowers-58000-women-with-n2-4bn/|access-date=2019-07-18|newspaper=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]|language=en-US}}</ref> === Jaambaraagal mawngal e nder golle Guwerneer === Ɗoon e ɗoon Guwerneer keso hunnaaɗo oo ƴetti golle ngam sanɗaaji laamu diiwaan Kebbi. O yiɗi ko yuɓɓinde golle e porotokolle laamu e heɓtude jawdi laamu majjundi e wujjaaɗo ina heen kaalis. O fuɗɗi kadi kuugal ngal ngam gridgo kuugal siwil lesdi Kebbi dow kuugal hukuumaaji pamari. No Atiku Bagudu yottiri jooɗorde Guwerneer, o hawri e Dowla Kebbi mo njuɓɓudi mum ŋakki. Ko ɓuri miliyoŋaaji 1,2 sukaaɓe kollitaama ina njalti e duɗe, sukaaɓe ɓe ngalaa golle ina njillondiri e laabi, opitaaluuji ɗi ngonaa gollotooɗi e nokkuuji laamuuji ɗi njippiima no feewi. Njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu yaawi nanngude nagge ngee e gite mum tawa accaani waktuuji tedduɗi ɗii njuumta. O ummii e nitty - gritty ngam sosde goomu gollordu ngam heɓtude jawdi laamu e kaalis majjuɗo e wujjaaɗo. Goomu gollordu goomu nguu waawii yiytude miliyaaruuji naira to kaalis laamu ngu guwerneer oo waɗti golloraade ɗoon e ɗoon e reentaade e nder laamu nguu e sosde njuɓɓudi casting ko wayi no, Laabi, duɗe jaaɓi haaɗtirde hakkunde leyɗeele, Laylaytol ndiyam, Opitaaluuji, ''Upgrades'' e refurbishments goɗɗi, Demal e renndooji sekteeruuji dowri ndii. Atiku Bagudu woni ardiiɗo limngal ceede (TSA) nder jiha Kebbi.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2016-07-15|title=Kebbi state and egypt to partner on agriculture|url=https://von.gov.ng/kebbi-state-and-egypt-to-partner-on-agriculture/|access-date=2016-07-15|newspaper=[[Voice of Nigeria]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-05-15|title=Agriculture development is kebbi government strength|url=https://guardian.ng/business-services/agricultural-development-is-kebbi-governments-strength/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2019-05-15|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}</ref> === Rewtin'de Cellal === Laamu Atiku Bagudu To Diiwal Kebbi fuɗɗi kampaniire mawnde ngam hesɗitingo e ɓamtuki hukuumaaji pamari ɗin nder diiwal Kebbi. Njuɓɓudi makko fuɗɗorii ko e njuɓɓudi cellal e nder duuɓi eaght 230 nokkuuji cellal puɗɗaaɗi ɗii ko maa Mahi, Peewniraa, Ɓeydi, e kaɓirɗe timmuɗe e nder renndooji teeru ɗii e nder ɗeen duuɓi. O udditi taskaram cemmbiɗinki njamu lesdi ngam ɓesdugo heɓugo kuugal njamu cemmbiɗngal ngam yimɓe marɓe semmbe nder jiha kan. Ñalnde 28 lewru Mbooy hitaande 2019 o moƴƴinii 24 Cellal Pulaar E nder Diiwaan Kebbi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu Mahii bloc 2 to suudu safrirdu Sir Yahaya ina waɗi konngol safaara sukaaɓe. O rewtini Hopitaaluuji nder nokkuuje 21 ɗe laamu lesdi Kebbi, o rewtini nokkuure nyawndiigu Kebbi, Kalgo. O udditi goomuuji toppitiiɗi cellal e golle, njuɓɓudi makko udditi seedeeji kesi ngam kisal nguura e golle feewde e nguura kisal (''eatsafe'') E ballondiral e USAID ..<ref>{{Cite web|date=28 October 2023|title=former governor as liabilities in tinubu cabinet|url=https://www.thepointng.com/former-governors-as-liabilities-in-tinubus-cabinet/|access-date=28 October 2023|website=thepointng.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=28 October 2025|title=cassava to cash how abubakar atiku bagudus bioethanol initiative is transforming agriculture|url=https://independent.ng/cassava-to-cash-how-abubakar-atiku-bagudus-bioethanol-initiative-is-transforming-agriculture/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=28 October 2025|newspaper=[[Independent (Nigeria)|Independent]]|language=en-US}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite news|date=28 July 2025|title=nigerias 54 trillion budget supports economic expansion says bagudu|url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/nigerias-n54-99trn-budget-supports-economic-expansion-says-bagudu/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=28 July 2025|newspaper=[[BusinessDay (Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]|language=en-US}}</ref> === Rewolisiyoŋ e nder mahngo laabi === E nder eaght maako bana Governor lesdi Kebbi, Atiku Bagudu mahi ko ɓuri kilooji 200 ko timmi haa jooni nder rentooji wuro e ladde e lesdi ndemri. Laamu Atiku Bagudu waɗii laawol e jolngo e nokkuure Bayan Oando e Tipper Garage to Birnin Kebbi. Pewnaama wuro Kilometreeji Jowi, Laawol Babuche - Bayawa, Laawol Augie - Laawol Zagi, Laawol Ka'oje - Illo, Laawol Badariya - Kola - Zuguru, Laawol Filin Sarki Nepa. Laamu makko moƴƴinii cirƴam Rima e cirƴam joy e nder diiwaan Kebbi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu Peewnii laawol naatgol e ndiyam to Tsohon Gari e Gwadangwaji, laawol naatgol 2,56Km to Ambursa, Feewnitde ponti ɗiɗi to Baban Jori Giede e wuro Baba - Dan yaku. Pewnugol laawol Falale - Barama - Badariya bye pas, laawol aliero - gehuru..<ref>{{Cite news|date=20 October 2024|title=fg allocates below 1 of 2026 budget to fight poverty|url=https://punchng.com/fg-allocates-below-1-of-2026-budget-to-fight-poverty/%3famp/|access-date=20 October 2024|newspaper=[[The Punch]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=22 March 2024|title=minister urges synergy among commissioners to deliver goals of ng cares|url=https://guardian.ng/news/minister-urges-synergy-among-commissioners-to-deliver-goals-of-ng-cares/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=22 March 2024|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=20 August 2025|title=budget minister promises strict proj|url=https://guardian.ng/business-services/bagudu-seeks-result-focused-collaboration-with-germany-for-1-trillion-economy/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=20 August 2025|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}</ref> === Laamu nguu e nder porogaraamuuji doole === Laamu Atiku Bagudu les njiimaandi Atiku Bagudu faggudu e semmbiɗinki taskaramji nder taariiha lesdi Kebbi. Won e ɓiɓɓe porogaraamuuji ɗii ina mbaɗi Porogaraamuuji ƴellitaare duumotoonde (SDGs) e porogaraamuuji jokkondire e laamu diiwaan Kebbi, ko ina tolnoo e miliyaaruuji 20 e dow mum. Atiku Bagudu seedi janngirde sukaaɓe 2000 worɓe e rewɓe ɓe laamu lesdi ndin janngi dow heɓuki anndal. Feccere 200 otooji njulaagu e nder nokkuuji 21 laamu nokkuuji ɗii. O sosi dokkal mikroo 10000 wonande kala debbo njulaagu tokooso, o sosi kadi peeje dokkal mikroo. O fuɗɗi eɓɓooje keep 100 miliyoŋ kala LGAs ngam sukaaɓe e rewɓe, kaalis goɗɗo 80 miliyoŋ ''reserved'' ngam ''soft loan'' to trader's e artisan . Ñalnde lewru Yarkomaa 2021, guwerneer Atiku Bagudu jaɓii 468,5 miliyoŋ ngam waɗde eɓɓooje e porogaraamuuji semmbeeji les njiimaandi ministeer geɗe rewɓe e ƴellitaare renndo. === Ɓeydude Jaŋde === Ina faami, guwerneer Atiku Bagudu ina teddini jaŋde, haa teeŋti e jaŋde sukaaɓe rewɓe. O yiyri Jaŋde sukaaɓe rewɓe ko hakke mo laamu jeyi. Laamu Atiku Bagudu ɓeydii ceede ɗe leydi ndi hokkata ngam jangirde. Sektoru jaŋde E nder diiwaan Kebbi ina wondi e ŋakkeende mawnde e njuɓɓudi laamu ɓennundi. Gomnaajo Atiku Bagudu tabitini yoɓugo bursiiji janngooɓe nder janngirde mawnde feere-feere, nder jiha kan e yaasi lesdi ndi'i e yaasi lesdi ndi'i, hawtaade e yoɓugo ceede WAEC e NECO ''Examination'' fees ngam janngooɓe janngirde mawnde. E les njiimaandi makko, duɗe tati ƴellitii duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Adamu Augie, Argungun, duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal infirmiyee e jibinannde, Birnin Kebbi, e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde karallaagal cellal, Jega heɓi yamiroore rokkude porogaraamuuji ''Degree'', HND, e Dipolomaaji ngenndiiji (ND). E lewru Duujal 2021 Atiku Bagudu jaɓi janngugol caggal leydi 262 almuudo diiwaan oo ngam janngude courseeji ''Medicine'' e Innjiniyaaruuji to leydi Indiya, [[Ukraine]] e [[Sudan|Sudaan]]. Ko ɓuri 33 e Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Kebbi State to bannge ganndal e karallaagal, Aliero keɓii seedantaagal ummoraade e Komisariyaa Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Ngenndiwal, (NUC). Njuɓɓudi makko wallitii ƴellitde e waylude duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ndema, Zuru haa duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ndema fedde Zuru. O heɓi ceede miliyaaruuji 4 ngam sosde e jaɓde faculté d'ingénierie to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal e karallaagal to [[Kebbi State]], Aliero. E nder njuɓɓudi jaŋde leslesre dowri, ''SUBEB'' 518 suudu janngirdu ina mahaa tawi 1 058 suudu janngirdu ina moƴƴinaa, 42 244 mobelaaji ina ndokkee e 450 unités de toilettes WC ina mahaa, 138 boreholes ina njuɓɓinaa, 383 ekkol B ''wheel''. === Remde === To bannge ndema, laamu Atiku Bagudu kadi teeŋtinii ndema ina jeyaa e ajendaaji mum nafoore. Njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu sosi ko usine paste Tomaat to Ngaski, ina addana winndere nde no feewi hono ''Dangote Rice Mill'' e ''Sugar'', Kebbi, eɓɓoore etanol NNPC E nder [[Zuru Emirate]]. E nder njuɓɓudi faamu hakkunde laamu Kebbi e banke winndereejo njuɓɓudi hakkunde leyɗeele, CBN, NNPC, e Unicef. E laamu laamu diiwaan Atiku Bagudu Kebbi e karallo ko faati e ndema e peewnugol jawdi ngam ƴellitde dowla. E nder yeewtere Anchor Bagudu, nde o woppii 100 tarakteeruuji, 1000 nagge - ɓuuɓri ndi, 100 ɓuuɓri ndi, e 100 motooji ngam gollotooɓe e ɓeydagol ndema jannguɓe. Dowla Kebbi e naatgol banke winndere ina jogii doole 5000 e sukaaɓe e rewɓe E nder ballal ɓeydugol ƴellitaare peewnugol (''APPEALS''). E nder hitaande 8 ndee, njuɓɓudi Atiku Bagudu heɓi ko ina tolnoo e 50 000 ton metrik. == Jam == Laamu leydi Kebbi ina jogii e nder yontaaji, hollitii wonde sekteeruuji kisal E nder diiwaan hee ina tabitini juɓɓule kisal ɗe nganndu-ɗaa ina mbaawi rokkude kisal juɓɓule ɗee e laaɓal, tawa ina njogii kisal to bannge renndo. Ɗum addani Kebbi Dowla ina weltii e weeyo jam sabu ŋakkeende jokkondiral hakkunde militeer en fof e nder diiwaan hee. Sinerji maɓɓe ustii bonanndeeji endomiik ko wayi no ƴaañde, ''Banditry'', wuyɓe ''Arm'', e kaɓirɗe renndo nannduɗe heen. Laamu Atiku Bagudu ina jogii caɗeele kisal e nder diiwaan hee rewrude e sosde komisiyoŋ reglementeeji tenannaaji e rokkude ɓe logistik, otooji, e njoɓdiiji mum en ɗi ɓe poti ƴettude caggal wellitaare maɓɓe. Laamu Atiku Bagudu rokkii ko ina ɓura 500 oto e kisal E nder [[diiwaan Kebbi]] . == Luural == O anndiraama gollodiiɗo e gonnooɗo hooreejo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] [[Sani Abacha]], mo tuumaama wujjude ko ɓuri miliyaaruuji 2,2 dolaar e kaalis laamu e nder duuɓi joy ɗi o woni hooreejo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] e kitaale 1990. == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol guwerneeruuji diiwaan Kebbi Njeenaari e njeenaari E lewru Oktoobar 2022, teddungal ngenndiwal Naajeeriya, hooreejo leydi Naajeeriya, [[Muhammadu Buhari]], hokki mo. Njeenaari fedde CMAN. Njeenaari kuugal laamu hokkaama hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]] . Njeenaari nder ndemri e kisal nyaamdu ko hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]] hokki . Njeenaari ɓurndi moƴƴude ndi NLC rokki. Njeenaari njuɓɓudi njulaagu caggal leydi. Njeenaari ngenndi ndi hooreejo leydi Nijeer hono [[Mohamed Bazoum]] rokki ndi. Ballal keeringal e jaŋde ngal NUT waɗi. Sardaan Yauri. Jaagorɗo mawɗo jaaynde ''Street Journal'' ngam lewru noowammbar 2023. Njeenaari Ammbasadeer ngenndiijo to weeyo Jawdi mbaylaandi maaro hokka hooreejo lesdi [[Muhammadu Buhari]]. Jamma anndinde NIMASA. == Tendinowo == [[Category:Stub]] ttuain6rlcdbsdzwkvinhc5z7etq6va 0 6474 180923 97477 2026-08-04T22:56:02Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180923 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Las Montañas Mandara''' son una gama volcánica que se extiende a lo largo de aproximadamente 190 km (alrededor de 120 millas) a lo largo del norte de la frontera entre Camerún y Nigeria, desde el río Benue en el sur (9°18′N 12°48′E / 9.3°N 12.8°E) hasta el noroeste de Maroua en el norte (11°00′N 13°54′E / 11.0°N 13.9°E). La elevación más alta es la cumbre del monte Oupay, a 1.494 m (4.900 pies) sobre el nivel del mar (10°53′N 13°47′E / 10.883°N 13.783°E) .<ref name="readersnatural">{{Cite book|title=Natural Wonders of the World|url=https://archive.org/details/readersdigestnat00sche|publisher=Reader's Digest Association, Inc|year=1980|isbn=0-89577-087-3|editor-last=Scheffel|editor-first=Richard L.|location=United States of America|pages=[https://archive.org/details/readersdigestnat00sche/page/226 226]–227|editor-last2=Wernet|editor-first2=Susan J.}}</ref> ==Himobe== [[Category:Stub]] 1ajhand614t1rb36zb5er7pr8l06k1a 0 7033 180911 170603 2026-08-04T22:41:10Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180911 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Abiola Abrams''' (jibinaa ko ñalnde 29 sulyee 1976) ko binndoowo [[Amerik|Ameriknaajo]], podcaster, haaloowo ko faati e semmbeeji e jannginoowo nguurndam ruuhu. Abrams winndii defte tati, ina heen : Fuɗɗoode Alla [[Afrik]]: Laabi ceniiɗi ngam yiɗde hoore mum, ɓamtaare,<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Abrams|first=Abiola|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1198217780|title=African Goddess Initiation: Sacred Rituals for Self-Love, Prosperity, and Joy.|publisher=HAY HOUSE INC|year=2021|isbn=978-1401962944|location=Carlsbad, CA|oclc=1198217780}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Abiola|date=2021-03-19|title=Hay House Presents African Goddess Initiation: My New Book Cover Reveal|url=https://womanifesting.com/african-goddess-initiation-book-cover-reveal/|access-date=2021-05-06|website=Womanifest Your Power with Abiola: Spirit, Mindset, Success|language=en-US}}</ref> e weltaare,deftere makko adannde ummoraade e bayyinoowo ballal hoore mum biyeteeɗo Hay House, yaltunde ñalnde 20 sulyee 2021.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=African Goddess Initiation by Abiola Abrams: 9781401962944 {{!}} PenguinRandomHouse.com: Books|url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/671881/african-goddess-initiation-by-abiola-abrams/|access-date=2021-05-06|website=PenguinRandomhouse.com|language=en-US}}</ref> Deftere makko ɗiɗmere, ''The Sacred Bombshell Self Handbook'' ngam yiɗde hoore mum [[Afrik]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=African American Literary Awards Show|url=https://www.facebook.com/literaryawardshow/posts/698937050182679|website=Facebook}}</ref> ''Black Enterprise'' nastini podcast maako cemmbiɗɗum nder "Podcastji 20 ɗi rewɓe ɓaleeɓe foti heɗitaago ngam hitaande 2019" <ref>{{Cite web|last=gaynete|date=2019-03-19|title=20 Must-Listen to Black Women Podcasts for 2019|url=https://www.blackenterprise.com/black-women-podcasts-for-2019/|access-date=2021-05-06|website=Black Enterprise|language=en-US}}</ref>nden nder hitaande 2020, podcast maako suɓaama diga Success.<ref>{{Cite web|last=STAFF|first=SUCCESS|date=2020-06-09|title=16 Motivational Podcasts by Black Hosts You Need to Listen To|url=https://www.success.com/motivational-podcasts-by-black-hosts-you-need-to-listen-to/|url-status=live|access-date=|website=SUCCESS|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200719205644/https://www.success.com/motivational-podcasts-by-black-hosts-you-need-to-listen-to/|archive-date=July 19, 2020}}</ref>com bana gooto nder "16 Podcastji cemmbiɗinɗi ɗi jaɓɓotooɓe ɓaleeɓe ɗon mari haaje heɗitaago." ''Magazine Essence'' hawti bee Abrams' hitaande fuu nder limngal maɓɓe "Ɓiɗɗo debbo ɓaleejo jaɓi e huuwtinirgo wellitaare." <ref>{{Cite web|last=Butler|first=Sana|date=July 2, 2019|title=Black Girl-Approved and Operated Wellness Escapes For Your Next Vacation|url=https://www.essence.com/feature/wellness-retreats-vacations-for-black-women-reviews/|url-status=live|access-date=|website=Essence|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702141928/https://www.essence.com/feature/wellness-retreats-vacations-for-black-women-reviews/|archive-date=July 2, 2019}}</ref>Lowre Abrams, Womanifesting.com,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Abrams|first=Abiola|date=2018-02-14|title=Womanifesting|url=https://womanifesting.com/|url-status=live|access-date=|website=Womanifest Your Power with Abiola: Spirit, Mindset, Success|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110209083228/http://womanifesting.com/|archive-date=February 9, 2011}}</ref> ina yeewta ko fayti e ruuhu, ɓeydagol neɗɗo, e njulaagu.<ref>Essence.com [http://www.essence.com/2013/07/29/intimacy-intervention-i-need-more-confidence-between-sheets/ Intimacy-Intervention]</ref> Koolol makko wasiyaaji ɓennuɗi ina jeyaa heen : Naatgol e nder lowre Essence.com e Jaŋde yiɗde Abiola to MommyNoire.com.<ref>MommyNoire.com [http://mommynoire.com/tag/abiola-abrams/ Abiola's Love Class]</ref> == Nguurndam e jaŋde adannde == Ko o Guyanese-Ameriknaajo gadano mo yonta gadano, mo umminoo e wuro New York. Abrams janngii Duɗal Brearley. O heɓi dipolomaaji Baccalauréat e nder duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Sarah Lawrence e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ngal to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Vermont to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ''Unit'' to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ''Unit''.<ref>{{cite book|title=[[Alpha Kappa Alpha]] Sorority, Inc. International Membership Directory|year=2004|pages=2}}</ref> Abrams wonnoo ko haaloowo teskinɗo e batu doole rewɓe NYC<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|date=July 25, 2011|title=NYC Women's Empowerment Summit Electrifies the Big Apple|url=https://famenycmagazine.com/tag/alycia-kaback/|url-status=live|website=F.A.M.E. NYC Magazine|publisher=|accessdate=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120809080339/http://famenycmagazine.com:80/tag/alycia-kaback/|archive-date=August 9, 2012}}</ref>. == Kugal == ''Magazine Black Enterprise'' inniri lowre makko gooto e blogs nguurndam Afriknaajo Ameriknaajo ɓurɗo mawnude.<ref>''Black Enterprise'' [http://www.blackenterprise.com/lifestyle/black-blogger-month-abiola-tv/ Black-Blogger]</ref> Eɓɓoore makko adannde e binndol, ko adii fof, pijirlooji doole peewnaaɗi to nokku biyeteeɗo Schomburg ngam wiɗtooji e nder pinal ɓaleeɓe,<ref>New York Public Library [http://legacy.www.nypl.org/research/sc/sce/1998.htm/ NYPL] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120524041410/http://legacy.www.nypl.org/research/sc/sce/1998.htm/|date=May 24, 2012}}</ref> yalti e konngol ''anthology Say''! e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ''Michigan Press''.<ref>University of Michigan Press [http://www.press.umich.edu/322638/say_word! ''Say Word!'']</ref> Dare,<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|url=https://www.simonandschuster.com/books/Dare/Abiola-Abrams/9781416541660|title=Dare|date=2007-12-11|isbn=978-1-4165-7737-9|language=en|last1=Abrams|first1=Abiola|publisher=Simon and Schuster}}</ref>Deftere Abrams adannde, ko Simon & Schuster yaltini ñalnde 11 desaambar 2007.<ref name="ss">{{cite web|url=http://authors.simonandschuster.com/Abiola-Abrams/42382996/biography|publisher=Simon & Schuster|title=Abiola Abrams Biography|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716073349/http://authors.simonandschuster.com/Abiola-Abrams/42382996/biography|archivedate=July 16, 2011}}</ref> Yimre makko "''Groceries''" feeñii e anto-activist Eve Ensler 2007 anthology A ''Memory'', ''Monologue'' a Monologie rant e A Duwaawu <ref name="ss2">{{cite web|url=http://authors.simonandschuster.com/Abiola-Abrams/42382996/biography|publisher=Simon & Schuster|title=Abiola Abrams Biography|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716073349/http://authors.simonandschuster.com/Abiola-Abrams/42382996/biography|archivedate=July 16, 2011}}</ref> e sara golle binndooɓe hono Maya Angelou, Edward Albee, Alice Walker e Edwidge Dantikat. Essays ''by'' Abrams ina tawee e antolooji caggal Daande suudu (2008),<ref>{{Cite book|last=Derrow|first=Paula|url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/39721/behind-the-bedroom-door-by-paula-derrow-editor/|title=Behind the Bedroom Door: Getting it, Giving it, Loving it, Missing it|publisher=Delacorte Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0-440-33824-6|location=New York|oclc=}}</ref> e nder Paula Derrow, e konnguɗi Dirtuɗi: Konnguɗi binndol ''Sex'' (2008), mo Ellen Sussman wayli.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Sussman|first=Ellen|url=https://www.bloomsbury.com/us/dirty-words-9781596914742/|title=Dirty Words: A Literary Encyclopedia of Sex|publisher=Bloomsbury USA|year=2008|isbn=978-1-59691-474-2|edition=|location=New York|oclc=191697286}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> E nder jaaynde New York ''Times Style'' Magazine,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Schilling|first=Mary Kaye|date=2017-01-30|title=Miranda July Shares Her Vintage Feminist Film Archive|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/30/t-magazine/miranda-july-joanie-4-jackie-film.html|access-date=|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> fijoowo filmo biyeteeɗo Miranda July hollitii wonde Abrams ummorii ko e fijoowo fijoowo naalankaagal jarriborɗo debbo, ko "gooto tan e laabi keewɗi cemmbinɗi, jokkondirɗi e wideyoo Chainletter mo waawataa taƴde." Filmu naalankaagal jarriborɗo juutɗo mo Abrams waɗi "Opera Ophelia"<ref>{{Cite web|date=2003|title=Ophelia's Opera – Joanie 4 Jackie|url=http://www.joanie4jackie.com/video/ophelias-opera/|url-status=live|access-date=|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217070233/http://www.joanie4jackie.com/video/ophelias-opera/|archive-date=December 17, 2020}}</ref> naatɗo e filmuuji Miranda July biyeteeɗi Joanie 4 Jackie Chainletter[ keɓaama e hitaande 2017 e juuɗe Criterion Channel e Duɗal Wiɗtooji Getty.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Joanie 4 Jackie|url=https://www.criterionchannel.com/joanie-4-jackie|access-date=2021-05-06|website=The Criterion Channel|language=en}}</ref> [[File:Abiola Abrams 2.JPG|thumb|Abrams to suudu balɗe toowndu to Manhattan ina yuɓɓina eɓɓoore teleeji web.]] === Teleeji e filmuuji === Abrams wonnoo ko jaayndiyanke BBC ko fayti e wellitaare gila 2011 haa 2012, o wonnoo ko gardiiɗo ''The Best Shorts'', teleeji <ref name="ss3">{{cite web|url=http://authors.simonandschuster.com/Abiola-Abrams/42382996/biography|publisher=Simon & Schuster|title=Abiola Abrams Biography|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716073349/http://authors.simonandschuster.com/Abiola-Abrams/42382996/biography|archivedate=July 16, 2011}}</ref>''Black Entertainment Television'' (BET) kollirooji filmuuji e kawgel gila 2006 haa 2008 Chat Zone,<ref name="aabio">{{cite web|title=Abiola Abrams|url=http://www.abiolatv.com/media-kit-lifestyle-expert-tv-personality-love-columnist-speaker-inspirational-coach/|website=AbiolaAbrams.com|accessdate=November 25, 2015|archive-date=February 7, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160207061655/http://www.abiolatv.com/media-kit-lifestyle-expert-tv-personality-love-columnist-speaker-inspirational-coach/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ko eɓɓoore yeewtere hakkundeere HBO, nde ɓe mbiyata ko "ko sellaani e politik" wonande set MTV, kadi feeñii e Jimmy Kimmel Live ! e nder yeewtere makko e tapi boɗeejo e yeewtere njeenaari BET 2007 to Los Angeles. Abrams ardii filmuuji biyeteeɗi Taboo : Luural ‘Jillondiral leƴƴi’ ɓaleeɓe/boɗeejo e nder [[Amerik]] (2005), Laɓi e nder daande am: Hitaande nde nguurdu-mi nde hakkille am etinooma warde mi (2005); e filmuuji juutɗi « Ɓooyɗi » (2004), « Opera Ofeliya » (2001).<ref name="aabio2">{{cite web|title=Abiola Abrams|url=http://www.abiolatv.com/media-kit-lifestyle-expert-tv-personality-love-columnist-speaker-inspirational-coach/|website=AbiolaAbrams.com|accessdate=November 25, 2015|archive-date=February 7, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160207061655/http://www.abiolatv.com/media-kit-lifestyle-expert-tv-personality-love-columnist-speaker-inspirational-coach/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Abiola Abrams|url=https://www.co-creatornetwork.com/guests/Abrams_Abiola/_bio.htm|website=Co-Creator Network|date=2009|access-date=May 12, 2019|archive-date=May 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508215552/http://co-creatornetwork.com/guests/Abrams_Abiola/_bio.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=CineWomen On Screen - A NYWIFT series|url=http://nywift.org/printarticle.aspx?id=2151|website=[[New York Women in Film and Television]]|date=March 1, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101009161202/http://nywift.org/printarticle.aspx?id=2151|archivedate=October 9, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=CineWomen On Screen - A NYWIFT series|url=http://nywift.org/printarticle.aspx?id=2151|website=[[New York Women in Film and Television]]|date=March 1, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101009161202/http://nywift.org/printarticle.aspx?id=2151|archivedate=October 9, 2010}}</ref> == Golle == Fuɗɗoode Laamɗo debbo [[Afrik]]: Laabi ceniiɗi ngam yiɗde hoore mum, ɓamtaare, e weltaare (2021)<ref name=":02">{{Cite book|last=Abrams|first=Abiola|title=African Goddess Initiation: Sacred Rituals for Self-Love, Prosperity, and Joy.|url=https://archive.org/details/africangoddessin0000abio|publisher=HAY HOUSE INC|year=2021|isbn=978-1401962944|location=Carlsbad, CA|oclc=1198217780}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{Cite web|title=African Goddess Initiation by Abiola Abrams: 9781401962944 {{!}} PenguinRandomHouse.com: Books|url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/671881/african-goddess-initiation-by-abiola-abrams/|access-date=2021-05-06|website=PenguinRandomhouse.com|language=en-US}}</ref> Laamɗo debbo [[Afrik]] ummotooɗo kaaruuji Oracle (2021)<ref>{{Cite web|title=African Goddess Rising Oracle by Abiola Abrams: 9781401963101 {{!}} PenguinRandomHouse.com: Books|url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/676137/african-goddess-rising-oracle-by-abiola-abrams/|access-date=2021-05-06|website=PenguinRandomhouse.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Abrams|first=Abiola|title=African Goddess Rising Oracle|publisher=Hay House|year=2021|isbn=9781401963101|location=Calsbad, CA}}</ref> Naatde e suudu dewal (2021)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Goddess Temple Podcast - Motivation, Inspiration, Spirituality - Divine Feminine Goddess Gifts of the Spring Equinox|url=https://www.hipcast.com/podcast/H267S2B9|access-date=2021-05-06|website=www.hipcast.com}}</ref> Deftere Bommbo Ceniinde Yiɗde Hoore (2014)<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Abrams|first=Abiola|title=The Sacred Bombshell Handbook of Self-Love : The 11 Forbidden Secrets of Feminine Power|publisher=Love University Press|year=2014|isbn=978-0-9660707-8-1|edition=|location=New York, NY|oclc=884459838}}</ref> Dare: Daartol giɗli (2008)<ref name=":32">{{Cite book|url=https://www.simonandschuster.com/books/Dare/Abiola-Abrams/9781416541660|title=Dare|date=2007-12-11|isbn=978-1-4165-7737-9|language=en|last1=Abrams|first1=Abiola|publisher=Simon and Schuster}}</ref> Wuro Laamɗo debbo (2011)<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.press.umich.edu/322638/say_word!|title=Say Word!|isbn=978-0-472-07132-6|language=en|last1=Banks|first1=Daniel|year=2011|publisher=University of Michigan Press}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Goddess City|url=https://www.press.umich.edu/special/hiphop/goddess_city|url-status=live|access-date=|website=University of Michigan Press|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151031234808/http://www.press.umich.edu/special/hiphop/goddess_city|archive-date=October 31, 2015}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == [[Category:Stub]] 7s4waxhzn0m5rqcl9fy0shu6yscc4v8 0 7365 180916 105966 2026-08-04T22:47:29Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180916 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Emilia Pardo Bazán''' y de la Rúa-Figueroa (ou daayaama ƴande 16 Silto hiitade dowgu alif 1851 - 12 liiyru dujjal alif 1921), laamorgo Pardo Bazan, ko wonɗo e nder leydi Spain. O anndiraa ngam anndingo naturalism nder ɗemngal Pulaar, ngam anndingo haala goonga, e ngam anndingo miijooji feminist nder ɗemɗe jamanu mum.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=The diary of "Helena Morley"|url=https://archive.org/details/diaryofhelenamor0000morl_x7z5|first=Helena|last=Morley|date=1995|publisher=Noonday Press/Farrar, Straus and Giroux|others=Bishop, Elizabeth, 1911–1979|isbn=978-0374524357|location=New York|oclc=32015656}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book|title=Minha vida de menina|first=Helena|last=Morley|date=1998|publisher=Companhia das Letras|isbn=978-8571647688|location=São Paulo, SP|oclc=40615889}}</ref> Hakkune mum dow hakkillaaji rewɓe ngam jannginirde waɗi mo boo o laato debbo mo o mari hakkillo. == Nguurndam == To leydi Beresiil, to wuro wiyeteengo Diamantina, MG, to leydi Beresiil. Mahdi ndii woni ko e diiwaan daartol wuro ngoo. O jibinaa ko to wuro wiyeteengo Diamantina, to leydi Beresiil, baaba makko ko Engeleejo, yumma makko ko Beresiilnaajo. Baaba makko ina gollinoo e njulaagu diamant. Jaaynde ndee ina siftina nguurndam Brant ñalnde kala, ina siftina kadi duuɓi makko cakkitiiɗi haa hitaande 1895. E hitaande 1900 Brant resi Augusto Mario Calderia Brant, ɓe ndañi ɓiɓɓe njoyo. Brant wiyi o yaltinii defte makko ngam wonde yeru sukaaɓe rewɓe waawɓe janngude deftere nde. O winndi wonde deftere ndee ko feere ngam hollirde sukaaɓe rewɓe ko woni mawɗo, e nder ɗuum o woni ko e waɗde no neene nii wonande janngoowo oo. Gooto e ɓiɓɓe makko rewɓe, hono Ignez Caldeira Brant, resndi ɗum ko Abgar Renault, ministeer jaŋde Beresiil (1955–1956, biro Tribunal Conão fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e jaŋde). (duuɓi 1967 haa 1973). == Golle bayyinaaɗe == Deftere Brant tan yaltini ko deftere wiyeteende « Diary de Helena Morley », nde o fuɗɗii winndude nde o naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde. Jaaynde ndee ina yeewta nguurndam makko ñalnde kala e nder wuro wiyeteengo Diamantina, nafooje giɗli, kono kadi ina yeewta toɓɓe ɓurɗe teeŋtude ko wayi no majjude. Deftere nde ina yeewta kadi jokkondiral, dewgal haa teeŋti, kono kadi geɗe renndo e koyɗe Brant. Tiitooɗe deftere ndee ina mbaɗa ɗum mbele ina waawa wonde deftere sukaaɓe hannde ɓee, wonaa deftere nde duuɓi 60 jooni. Nde tawnoo Brant ina yeewta nguurndam mum ñalnde kala, humpitooji jowitiiɗi e oon toɓɓere e nder daartol ina mbaawi dañeede e jaŋngude deftere ndee, haa teeŋti noon e batte mumtugol maccungaagu. Binndanɗe seeɗa ina ngoodi ko fayti e nguurndam caggal emancipaasiyoŋ, ko ɗum waɗi jaaynde ndee ko huunde himmunde wonande daartiyankooɓe. Brant ina yettee sabu waawde ɓeydude heen ƴattooje e yeewtere njiyaagu, nde heewi jokkondirde e seertude. Goɗɗum ko addani deftere Brant ndee yiɗeede ko nostalji nde addanta janngoowo, nguurndam diiwaan wuro tokooso, nde janngoowo oo waawi heɓde jam e sifaa nguurndam koyɗam. Jaɓɓugo Deftere ndee dañii hakkillaaji no diaryuuji sukaaɓe rewɓe keewɗi goɗɗi ɗii nii. Jaaɓnirde jaayndeeji sukaaɓe rewɓe ina faamniree ko heewi e dalillaaji gooti ɗi jaaynde Brant e hoore mum ina yiɗaa. Nde ɗe njaɓata janngoowo oo ina nana sukaaɓe kadi, ina siftora nde ɓe ngonnoo sukaaɓe. Won e hakkillaaji gadani ɗi Brant ƴetti ngam golle mum ko caggal nde Alexandre Eulálio yetti Brant e golle mum ɗeen yettooje mbaɗti Brant e nder winndooɓe Beresiilnaaɓe ɓooyɓe. Winndiyanke Faraysenaajo biyeteeɗo Georges Bernanos kadi hollitii renndo ngoo deftere ndee. [[Elizabeth Bishop]] fuɗɗii naatde e golle ɗee ko e hitaande 1952, caggal ɗuum e hitaande 1957 Bishop yaltini firo mum deftere ndee e ɗemngal Engele. Bishop wiyi wonde o dañii golle Brant ɗee sabu karallaagal Brant teskinngal e ƴeewndo e waawde feewnude dingiral huutoraade konnguɗi tan. Won heen nanndini golle Brant e Jane Austen wonde hay so tawii o ummorii ko wuro tokooso to Beresiil, style mum wayi ko no golle ummoriiɗe Angalteer nii. == Tuugnorgal == [[Category:Stub]] s8qtfm25an4a3pxxvsavl21hazrdrr8 0 7503 180931 111373 2026-08-04T23:06:03Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180931 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cheryl L. Clarke''' (jibinaa ko Washington D.C., ñalnde 16 Maayu 1947)<ref>{{Cite web|last=Manheim|first=James M.|title=Clarke, Cheryl 1947–|url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/clarke-cheryl-1947|access-date=November 13, 2024|website=Encyclopedia.com}}</ref> ko jimoowo, binndoowo, jannginoowo, e daraniiɗo renndo rewɓe ɓaleeɓe Ameriknaajo. Bursi makko ɓuri teeŋtude ko e binndol rewɓe Afriknaaɓe-Ameriknaaɓe, e feminism lesbiyanke ɓaleejo, e dille ñeeñal ɓaleeɓe to leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik. Ko ɓuri duuɓi 40, Clarke woniino sosɗo Direkteer Geɗe Renndo Ceertuɗe e Kuule Lesbiyen/Gay, caggal ɗuum Ofis Jaŋde Njuɓɓudi Renndo e Renndooji LBT, to Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Rutgers.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Allen-Lee|first1=Nia|last2=Fernández|first2=Katerin|date=December 5, 2012|editor-last=Eppes|editor-first=Mariah|title=An Interview with Cheryl Clarke|url=https://iwl.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/transcript_cherylclarke.pdf|access-date=June 24, 2022|website=Institute for Women's Leadership at Rutgers University}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Cheryl Clarke|url=http://womens-studies.rutgers.edu/for-faculty/223-cheryl-clarke|website=Rutgers School of Arts and Sciences, Women and Gender Studies|access-date=December 4, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208150026/http://womens-studies.rutgers.edu/for-faculty/223-cheryl-clarke|archive-date=December 8, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> O jokki jokkondiral janngingol e Faculté Graduate de la Departement des études des femmes et des généraux, hay so tawii o woppii kuugal. Yanti heen, Clarke ina gollina e yiilirde fedde wiyeteende Newark Pride.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Gumbs|first1=Alexis Pauline|title=In Praise of the Never Straight|url=http://www.thefeministwire.com/2012/10/in-praise-of-the-never-straight-cheryl-clarke/|website=The Feminist Wire|date=October 4, 2012|access-date=December 4, 2015|author-link=Alexis Pauline Gumbs}}</ref> == Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗade == Ɓiɗɗo debbo James Sheridan Clarke, gonɗo e wolde adunaare ɗimmere,<ref>{{cite web|title=James Clarke obituary notice|url=http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/washingtonpost/obituary.aspx?pid=123231635|via=legacy.com|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=January 9, 2009|access-date=December 4, 2015}}</ref> e Edna Clarke, Cheryl Clarke jibinaa, mawni ko to Wasinton, e nder dumunna mo dille jojjanɗe aadee Amerik ɓuri mawnude, gooto e miñiraaɓe rewɓe nayo e miñi mum gorko. Galle oo ko katolik, iwdi jiyaaɓe rimɗinaaɓe, egguɓe to laamorgo leydi ndii caggal wolde hakkunde leyɗeele. Jibnaaɓe ɓee fof ko gollotooɓe laamu, winnditiiɓe Demokaraat en. Nde o heɓi duuɓi 13, Clarke taƴi laawol piket ngol daraniiɓe afriknaaɓe-ameriknaaɓe seppooɓe ngam seerndude yimɓe to Woolworth to 14th Street. Nde o arti galle, yumma makko, tergal senndikaa tiiɗngal, wiyi mo hoto o meeɗ taƴde piket, o janngina mo darnde kuugal toowɗe e nder dille jojjanɗe aadee. E duuɓi 16, Clarke jaɓaama e jibnaaɓe mum ngam tawtoreede marse 1963 to Washington ngam kuugal e ndimaagu e maɓɓe. Ñalnde heen ko adii seppo ngoo, e nder laawol makko dow wuro ngam heɓde humpitooji ko faati e laawol ngol, o hawri e Martin Luther King Jr., mo o waɗata konngol makko "I Have a Dream" ñalnde heen.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|last1=Potter|first1=Claire|title=We Still Want Jobs and Freedom Now: An Interview with Cheryl Clarke|url=http://outhistory.org/exhibits/show/mow-1963/cheryl-clarke|website=OutHistory.org|access-date=December 4, 2015}}</ref> Clarke janngii duɗe parrochial to diiwaan Columbia, o naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Howard e hitaande 1965. O heɓi B.A. e binndol Inngilankore e hitaande 1969. Caggal ɗuum, o naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Rutgers, o timmini Master makko e hitaande 1974, Master makko e kuugal renndo e hitaande 1980, o heɓi PhD makko e hitaande 2000.<ref>{{cite web|title=CV|url=http://www.cherylclarkepoet.com/cv/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208235435/http://www.cherylclarkepoet.com/cv/|archive-date=December 8, 2015|access-date=December 4, 2015|url-status=usurped|website=Cheryl Clarke}}</ref> Ko ɓuri heewde e oon sahaa, o golliima kadi e Rutgers, o fuɗɗii kuugal makko toon ko e hitaande 1970 e nder porogaraam duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Urban.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last1=Rizzi|first1=Kathryn Tracy|last2=Kaplan|first2=Joseph|date=September 21, 2018|title=Clarke, Cheryl|url=https://oralhistory.rutgers.edu/explore/alphabetical-index/interviewees/64-text-html/2049-clarke-cheryl|access-date=2024-11-13|website=Rutgers Oral History Archives}}</ref> E hitaande 1992, o wonii gardiiɗo sosɗo geɗe renndo ceertuɗe e kuule Lesbiyen/Gay, caggal ɗuum wonti Biro Jaŋde Nuunɗal Renndo e Renndooji LGBT.<ref name=":1" /> O woniino gardiiɗo janngooɓe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Livingston to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Rutgers tuggi 2010 haa 2013, nde o woppi kuugal.<ref name=":1" /> == Bindi == Clarke woni binnduɗo defte joy jimɗi: Narratives: Poèmes dans la tradition des femmes noires (ko adii fof ko kanko yaltini ɗum e hitaande 1981, nde Kitchen Table: Women of Color Press renndini ɗum e hitaande 1982); ngam Defte Firebrand, Wuurde no lesbiyanke nii (1986), Pitch ɓuuɓɗo (1989), e Yiɗde jarriborde (1993); e ngam kuugal Konngol, E Taƴre Am Timmunde (2016).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Blackman|first=Marci|date=December 19, 2023|title=Cheryl Clarke: Interview|url=https://mosaicmagazine.org/cheryl-clarke-interviewed/|access-date=|website=Mosaic Literary Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Clarke|first=Cheryl|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4qCIDAEACAAJ|title=By My Precise Haircut|date=2016|publisher=Word Works|isbn=978-1-944585-01-3|language=en}}</ref> O yaltini kadi Caggal Makka — Rewɓe yimooɓe e dille naalankaagal ɓaleeɓe (Jaaynde Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Rutgers, 2005), e Ñalɗi njiylawu moƴƴo: Binndi e Yimre, 1980–2005 (Carroll & Graf Publishing, 2006), deftere nde holliri duuɓi 25 bayyinaango wri.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Clarke, Cheryl|url=http://www.lesbianpoetryarchive.org/book/export/html/388|access-date=2024-11-13|website=www.lesbianpoetryarchive.org}}</ref> Clarke golliima e fedde winndiyaŋkoore wiyeteende Conditions, deftere lesbiyankoore adannde, o yaltinaama e nder defte binndaaɗe, jaayndeeji, jaayndeeji, e jaayndeeji keewɗi, ina jeyaa heen Conditions, Ooɗoo ponto ina wiyee caggal am, Sukaaɓe rewɓe galle, Ganndo ɓaleejo, Ƴeewndo Kenyon, e Gay Community News.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cheryl Clarke papers|url=https://archives.nypl.org/scm/30060|access-date=November 13, 2024|website=archives.nypl.org}}</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cheryl Clarke {{!}} Kenyon Review Author|url=https://kenyonreview.org/contributor/cheryl-clarke/|access-date=2024-11-13|website=The Kenyon Review|language=en-US}}</ref> Binndanɗe Clarke, "Lesbianism: An Act of Resistance" e "Waasde Waylude: Homophobie e nder renndo ɓaleejo", yaltinaaɗe e ndeeɗoo ponto wiyeteeɗo Back am e Home Girls, ina keewi naatde e jaŋde rewɓe, jaŋde ɓaleeɓe, e jaŋde Inngilankore.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-02-02|title=Manifestos for analysis – Queer Theory|url=https://lzigelyte.digitalscholar.rochester.edu/queertheory/uncategorized/manifestos-for-analysis/|access-date=2024-11-13|website=Digital Scholars at Rochester|language=en}}</ref> === "Lesbinism: kuugal cemmbiɗngal" (1981) === Cheryl Clarke woni binnduɗo deftere "Lesbianism: une acte de résistance", yaltunde e hitaande 1981 e nder deftere rewɓe wiyeteende Oo ponto wiyeteeɗo ɓalewol am: binndanɗe rewɓe radikal en ɓaleeɓe.<ref name=":2" /> Ko ɓuri teeŋtude e naatgol binndol ngol ko yaajtinde cate hol limtoowo lesbiyanke e hol ko woni lesbiyanke. So wonaa siftinde lesbiyanke tan ko debbo jokkondirɗo e rewɓe woɗɓe, Clarke ina teeŋtina wonde "alaa sifaa lesbiyanke gooto, alaa sifaa jikku lesbiyanke gooto, alaa sifaa gooto jokkondiral lesbiyanke."<ref name="Lesbianism: an Act of Resistance p129" /> Miijo "lesbiyanke" ko jokkondire, o waɗii nokku ngam rewɓe jokkondirɓe e woɗɓe kono label emo. Ko noon kadi, o firti lesbiyankaagal "hono feere miijo, politik, e filosof ngam rimɗinde rewɓe fof e njiimaandi heteroseksual."<ref name="Lesbianism: an Act of Resistance p129">{{cite journal|last1=Clarke|first1=Cheryl|title=Lesbianism: an Act of Resistance|journal=This Bridge Called My Back: Writings by Radical Women of Color|date=1981|page=129}}</ref> Nde tawnoo o miijii lesbiyankaagal ina luulndii njiimaandi worɓe e doole heteroseksual, o siftini ɗum ko reentaade debbo e nder nguurndam mum, no fotiri fof. === "Waasde waylude: Homofobi e nder renndo ɓaleejo" (1983) === Deftere 1983 wiyeteende Home Girls: A Black Feminist Anthology ina waɗi heen gooto e binndanɗe Clarke, tiitoonde mum ko "Waasde waylude: Homophobie e nder renndo ɓaleejo". ndeeɗoo winndannde ko ƴeewndo binndol, ina heen ƴeewndooji LeRoi Jones, 1961, ''Macho ɓaleejo e miijo debbo ɓurɗo mawnude'' (1979) mo Michele Wallace winndi, e ''Ain’t I a Woman'' (1981) mo bell hooks winndi. Clarke wiyi wonde homofobi wonaa tan e renndo ɓaleejo, kono ina hollita pinal homofobi ɓurngal mawnude. Ndeeɗoo feccere ina feewti e worɓe ɓaleeɓe, ɓe Clarke wiyi ina duumoo homophobie e miijooji supremacist ɓaleeɓe, luulndiiɗi ɓaleeɓe, ko wayi no jinnaaɗo e jokkondiral, ko ɗum feere ngam ɓeydaade welde e Amerik ɓaleeɓe. O ñiŋii teeŋti noon "gorko ɓaleejo hakkille" ngam wonde danndoowo mo addanta renndo ɓaleejo ndimaagu e laawol jokkude homophobie ngam ñaawde lesbiyen ɓaleejo ko bonnata ɓesngu ɓaleejo e ngenndi ɓaleejo.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Smith|first=Barbara|title=Home Girls: A Black Feminist Anthology|publisher=Rutgers University Press|year=1983|page=201}}</ref> Ko ɓeydi heen, Clarke hollitii wonde rewɓe ɓaleeɓe jogiiɓe hakkillaaji ina njaltina lesbiyen ɓaleeɓe e nder jaŋde mum en, kadi ina njeddi rewɓe lesbiyen ɓaleeɓe—"homophobia by omission". Toowgol e ittugol rewɓe lesbiyen en ɓaleeɓe e nder dille ndimaagu ɓaleeɓe, e wiyde Clarke, ko huunde nde alaa ɗo haaɗi, tee ko e haɓaade e ittude homophobie tan renndo ɓaleejo heɓata ndimaagu.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Home Girls: A Black Feminist Anthology|url=https://archive.org/details/homegirlsblackfe00smit|last=Smith|publisher=|year=1983|pages=[https://archive.org/details/homegirlsblackfe00smit/page/197 197]–208}}</ref> Clarke joofniri ko wonde ɓaleeɓe ina poti daranaade ittude njiyaagu e nder renndo ngo, tawa ina mbaɗa yeewtere e daraniiɓe ndimaagu gaynaako e lesbiyanke, ina njannga e politik gaynaako en, ina kaɓa e jikkuuji njiyaagu nder renndo e yaasi, e faamde no ɗiin jikkuuji kaɗirta ndimaagu timmungu. === Diɗɗal Naalankaagal ɓaleeɓe === Diɗɗal naalankooɓe ɓaleeɓe waɗii hakkunde 1965 e 1975, e jokkondiral tiiɗngal e diɗɗal doole ɓaleeɓe, e yiɗde miijaade politik hirnaange e estetikaaji pinal.<ref name="Queering The Black Arts Movement">{{cite journal|last1=Avilez|first1=GerShun|title=Queering The Black Arts Movement|journal=Oxford African American Studies Resource|date=2012|url=https://www.academia.edu/39174850|access-date=June 24, 2022}}</ref> Ummital e ndee dillere kadi ko naatgol rewɓe kam e naalankooɓe queer, tawi heen geɗal ko batte ñiŋooje dillere ndee e yimɓe teeŋtuɓe, haa arti noon e Clarke, teeŋtinoowo darnde naalankaagal ɗeen pelle. E nder kuugal makko Caggal Makka, Clarke hollitii rewɓe yimooɓe e winndooɓe e waɗde jikkuuji queer e hakkunde daartol makko fiction revolutionnaire.<ref name="Queering The Black Arts Movement" /> Hono no Black Arts Movement nii, ko heewi e kuugal Clarke e nder binndol e nder kuugal mum ina taarii miijo yiyngo,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Love|first1=Bettina L.|title='No there is nothing wrong with your eyes, my letterhead is indeed crooked': An introduction to the study of Black and Brown lesbian educators|journal=Journal of Lesbian Studies|date=Sep 2016|volume=21|issue=4|pages=371–374|doi=10.1080/10894160.2016.1162546|pmid=28632079|s2cid=205753962|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/10894160.2016.1162546|access-date=June 24, 2022|url-access=subscription}}</ref> kono e ɓurde jokkondirde e debbo ɓaleejo queer.<ref name="Queering The Black Arts Movement" /> == Ummatore == Clarke golliima e nder dipiteeji keewɗi e pelle renndo, ina jeyaa heen Fedde Rewɓe New York ngam Haɓaade Rafi (1985), Fedde Rewɓe New Jersey e Sida, Fedde Janngirɗe Lesbiyen e Gay to Duɗal Jaŋde CUNY, e Fooyre Lesbiyen Astraea ngam Ñaawoore. O wonii tergal e Yiilirde Ngenndiire Newark Pride Alliance, fedde nde wonaa laamuyankoore, daraniinde wallitde e porogaraamuuji LGBTQ to Newark. Clarke ina hoɗi to wuro Jersey, to leydi New Jersey.<ref name=":0" /> E wondude e jom suudu makko, Barbara Balliet, ko kanko woni jom suudu defte biyeteeɗo Bleinheim Hill, defterdu defte to Hobart.<ref>{{cite web|title=About|url=https://www.blenheimhillbooks.com/about/|access-date=November 13, 2024|website=Bleinheim Hill Books}}</ref> === Koolol rewɓe winndooɓe Hobart === Koolol rewɓe winndooɓe Hobart sosaa ko e hitaande 2013 e juuɗe Clarke e miñi mum debbo Breena Clarke, tawi ko e dow rewɓe winndooɓe baylaaɗe.<ref name="About Hobart Festival of Women Writers" /> Kala lewru settaambar, ndee fedde ina rokka kuugal jaŋngugol e binndol, kollirɗe naalankaagal, e yeewtereeji.<ref name="About Hobart Festival of Women Writers">{{cite web|last1=|first1=|title=Hobart Festival of Women Writers.|url=https://www.hfwwnow.com/about|access-date=June 24, 2022|website=NOW}}</ref> == Kuugal == * ''Narratives: Poems in the Tradition of Black Women'' (1983) * ''Living as a Lesbian'' (1986) * ''Humid Pitch'' (1989) * ''Experimental Love'' (1993) * ''By My Precise Haircut'' (2016) * {{cite book|last=Clarke|first=Cheryl|title=Archive of Style|date=2024-08-15|publisher=Triquarterly Books|isbn=978-0-8101-4760-7|publication-place=Evanston, Illinois}}<ref name="About Hobart Festival of Women Writers" /> == Tuugnorgal == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Stub]] 16n05h97q77qw9cigu8wffd74hnk6dp 0 7515 180905 104470 2026-08-04T22:36:23Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180905 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Agniya Barto 1969 (cropped).jpg|thumb|1969]]{{Databox}} '''Agniya Lvovna Barto''' (‹Template Lang-rus ina ƴeewtee ngam momteede.› E ɗemngal Riisi: А́гния Льво́вна Барто́, IPA: [ˈaɡnʲɪjə ˈljvovnə ˈlwvovnə bɐrˈto] 0; 17 feebariyee –1 lewru feebariyee [17 lewru bowte] 1981) ko jimoowo Sowiyetik Riisi, binndoowo sukaaɓe, iwdi mum ko yahuud en Bielorusi. == Nguurndam == Agniya jibinaa ko Gitel Leybovna Volova[1] to Mosku, e nder galle yahuud en Bielorusi. Baaba makko, hono Lev Nikolayevich Volov, ko doktoor daabaaji ummoriiɗo Šiauliai, yumma makko, Maria (jibinaa ko Blokh), ummoriiɗo Kaunas, Lituwaani. Miñiiko yumma makko ko Grigory Blokh [ru], ganndo ganndo ko faati e noppi, ganndo ko faati e ƴiye. Agniya janngi ko e duɗal ballet. O yiɗiino yimre, ɓooyaani o fuɗɗii winndude jimɗi makko, omo etoo yeñtinde Anna Akhmatova e Vladimir Mayakovsky. O janngi jimɗi makko e kewu jaŋde ballet. Ina jeyaa e hoɓɓe ɓee jaagorde jaŋde Anatoly Lunacharsky teskinde wonde, so wonaa wonde ballerina, o foti ko wonde yimoowo karallo. E wiyde lefol ngol, hay so tawii jimɗi Barto ɗii fof e oon sahaa ko giɗli e mbayliigu, Lunacharsky ina teskanoo wonde maa o won jimoowo sukaaɓe lolluɗo. Agniya resii Pavel Barto, ganndo ko faati e diƴƴe, yimoowo, taaniiko njulaagu jibinaaɗo to Angalteer biyeteeɗo Richard Barto. Yoga e jime sukaaɓe makko njaltinaama e inɗe ɗiɗi : Agiya Barto e Pavel Barto. E hitaande 1925 o yaltini defte makko gadane : suka Sinuwaa biyeteeɗo Wang-Li (Китайчонок Ван-Ли) e Mishka gujjo tokooso (Мишка-Воришка). Caggal ɗuum, o yaltinii deftere wiyeteende « 1 lewru mee » (Первое мая), 1926 e « Banndiraaɓe » (Братишки), 1928 nde Korney Chukovsky ƴetti ƴeewndo moƴƴo. Caggal nde o yaltini deftere miniature poétique wonande sukaaɓe tokosɓe, wiyeteende Toys (Игрушки) e hitaande 1936, ɗoon e ɗoon o wonti gooto e winndooɓe sukaaɓe ɓurɓe lollude, tawi ina waɗi miliyoŋaaji miliyoŋaaji ekkolaaji bayyinaaɗi. E nder wolde adunaare ɗimmere, o winndii jimɗi njiimaandi leydi ndii, ɗi o winndi e hooreejo Dental Sowiyet, hono Joseph Stalin. O golliima kadi e jaaynde wiyeteende Komsomolskaya Pravda, ko o jaaynoowo fedde wiyeteende Front de l’Ouest. E hitaande 1949, o rokkaa njeenaari Stalin sabu deftere makko wiyeteende Poésie pour les enfants. E kitaale 1960, Barto golliima e nder galle sukaaɓe yaayaaɓe, ko ɗum addani mo winndude jimɗi Zvenigorod (Звенигород, winndaa e hitaande 1947, yalti e hitaande 1966). Duuɓi jeenay, Barto wonnoo ko gardiiɗo rajo wiyeteende Find a Person (Найти человека), ballitooɗo yimɓe yiytude terɗe galleeji majjuɓe e wolde adunaare ɗimmere. E nder oon sahaa o wallitorii renndinde ko famɗi fof ujunere galle. O winndii heen deftere e hitaande 1966. E hitaande 1977, o yaltinii firooji ummoraade e ɗemngal sukaaɓe (Переводы с детского) tawa ina waɗi firooji makko jimɗi ɗi sukaaɓe leyɗeele ceertuɗe mbinndi. O sankii ko to Mosku e hitaande 1981, o wirnaa ko to yanaande Novodevichy. O hoɗi ko e galle winndooɓe [ru] to Moscow. == Winndiyanke binndol == Ko kanko woni binnduɗo nate filmuuji sukaaɓe Foundling (Подкидыш, 1940), Kuɗol e ɓoggol (Слон и верёвочка) 1945, Alyosha Ptitsyn mahi jikku mum (Алёша Птицын ма0ковальватый характер), 1953, 10,000). 1962, Yiytu Neɗɗo (Найти человека), 1973. == Njeenaaje e njeenaaje goɗɗe == Yamiroore Lenin Yamiroore Rewolison Oktoobar Yamirooje ɗiɗi bannge boɗeejo golle Yamiroore Badge Teddungal Medaal "Ngam hisnude ronkuɓe". Yamiroore Ɓooygol (Poloñ) 1950 : Njeenaari Stalin 1972 : Njeenaari Lenin Medaal "Ngam golle tiiɗɗe e nder wolde mawnde leydi ndii 1941–1945". Medaal "E nder siftorde duuɓi 800 Moscow". Medaal teddungal Miner 1976 : Njeenaari Hans Kiristaan ​​Andersen. Innde makko ko hitaande 1985, ɓuuɓol Barto dow tagofeere Venus. Hoodere tokosere 2279 Barto nde ganndo koode Sowiyetik biyeteeɗo Lyudmila Chernykh yiyti e hitaande 1968, inniraa ɗum kadi ko e teddungal mum.<ref>{{cite book|last=Schmadel|first=Lutz D.|title=Dictionary of Minor Planet Names|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofmino0000schm_k0v7|edition=5th|year=2003|publisher=Springer Verlag|location=New York|isbn=3-540-00238-3|page=[https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofmino0000schm_k0v7/page/186 186]}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == [[Category:Stub]] kymdh3cpwijdmz4br5flidooi099wmp 0 7651 181165 131148 2026-08-05T03:21:45Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181165 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Moses Olaiya''' Listeni (o dañaama ñalnde 18 lewru dujjal hiitade dowgu alif 1936 - 7 liiyru yarkoma dowgu 2018),<ref>{{cite book|author=Sarah Stanton, Martin Banham|year=1996|title=Cambridge Paperback Guide to Theatre|publisher=Cambridge University Press|page=419}}</ref> anndiraaɗo e innde maako "'''Baba Sala'''", o wonnooɗo nder lesdi [[Naajeeriya]], mawɗo dowla, e mawɗo dowlaaji == Laamu == Olaiya jibinaa e Ilesha, Najeeriya worgo hirnaange, o ummii nder Najeeriya koloniyaare nden o ummii e nder diiwaanuuji woyla. Baaba maako ɗon huuwa bana moolinoowo, ɓaawo ɗon bana moolotooɗo ceede, e saare ɗon ɗon ɗon ɗon njahi haa [[Jos]] e [[Kano]]. Nde Olaiya ɓeydi suka, o waɗi ko o ɓeydaani e nder klas, haa o ɓorndi e ɓorniiji feere feere ngam o seeda yimɓe. Nde o suɓii heɓugo golle nder nder nder nder suudu huwugo, baaba maako e baaba maako ɓe yiɗi laawol ngol waddata nder suudu huwal bana nder suudu ndun walla nder suudu kiita.<ref name=":02">{{Cite book|title=Nigerian top TV comedians and soap opera|last=J.|first=Timothy-Asobele, S.|date=2003|publisher=Upper Standard Publications|isbn=9783694626|location=Lagos|pages=17–21|oclc=55644917}}</ref> Olaiya huuwani bana mo warugo ngam ardiiɗo ngam wuro [[Lagos]], ammaa bana goɗɗo mo ɓeydi ɓeydi mo hawta nder hawtaade, o waɗi bandol muusiki, Federal Rhythm Dandies, je ɗon woodi Sunny Ade mo ɗon wondi goomu. Yimɓe ɓeen ɗon jooɗora wakkati seɗɗa ngam Olaiya ƴettu diga muusik to drama, o winndi e wurtina kuuɗe ɗe nandi bee ɗemngal ngal Ogunde e Ladipo waɗi. Ammaa, ngam o yiɗi waɗugo ko ɓeydi, o waɗi nder kuugal komediya o waɗi gollaaku Alawada. Nder 1965, bandol heɓii yahugo nde o heɓii gasa haɓɓiiɗum nder teleeji lesdi Naajeeriya hirnaange, ɗum waɗi ɗum waɗi ɗum waɗii teleji. Yimɓe ɓe ɓeydi anndude nde ɓe ɗon kolli dow WNTV. Olaiya'en mawɗo nder bandiraaɗo on o Baba Sala, mo o jaɓiiɗo, o ɓornii fuɗɗaaji ɓurɗi ɓoggi e ɓurɗi mawnude e sahaa e taaru bana sahaaji juuɗe. O ɓeydi ɓeydiino ɓeydaade e ɓeydaare ngam o wondi boo mo ɓeydaani e mo ɓeydi.<ref name=":02" /><ref name=":13">{{Cite book|title=African cinema : postcolonial and feminist readings|url=https://archive.org/details/africancinemapos0000unse|last=Haynes|first=Jonathan|date=1999|publisher=Africa World Press|others=Harrow, Kenneth W.|isbn=0865436967|location=Trenton, NJ|pages=[https://archive.org/details/africancinemapos0000unse/page/157 157]–162|chapter=Nigerian Cinema: Structural Adjustments|oclc=39739657}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{Cite book|title=African cinema : postcolonial and feminist readings|url=https://archive.org/details/africancinemapos0000unse|last=Haynes|first=Jonathan|date=1999|publisher=Africa World Press|others=Harrow, Kenneth W.|isbn=0865436967|location=Trenton, NJ|pages=[https://archive.org/details/africancinemapos0000unse/page/157 157]–162|chapter=Nigerian Cinema: Structural Adjustments|oclc=39739657}}</ref> E hitaande 1982, Olaiya waɗi film makko e nder film Orun Mooru, ko Ola Balogun waɗi e Olaiya. waɗi ko o waɗi e dow yimɓe ɓe ɓe ɓeen, Baba Sala, neɗɗo mo ɓeen ɓeen ɓe ɓeen ɓe nganndi e nder wuro, ɓeen ɓe mbaɗi jawdi e nder nder wuro ngam ɓe mbaɗi ɗum ngam ɓe mbaɗata ko ɓeen ɓe njiɗi. Fim ngal weltii masin, amma ɗum waɗi ko ɗum waɗi ko waɗi ko ɗum ɓesdaama. Olaiya waɗi e waɗi film maako ɓaawo, Aare Agbaye nder 1983. Fim maako tataɓo Mosebolatan waɗi Ade Folayan e Tunde Kelani wonde filmograaf. Fim ngal waɗi ko heewde e nder fannu.<ref name=":0" /> duuɓi 1990, Olaiya hawti nder kasu home video bee Agba Man e Return Match ɗiɗo slapstick comedies ɗi ɓe walaa kuuɗe tekniki ɗi o waɗi nder filmooji maako fu.<ref name=":12" /> == Filmography == * ''Orun Mooru'' (1982) * ''Aare Agbaye'' (1983) * ''Mosebolatan'' (1985) * ''Obee Gbona'' (1989) * ''Diamond'' (1990 home video) * Agba Man (1992, Home Video) * Return Match (1993, Home Video) * ''Ana Gomina'' (1996, home video,) * ''Tokunbo'' (1985, TV) == Maayi == Nder lewru oktoobar 2018, Baba Sala maayi ngam ko o wi'i haani maako ha haani ha haani "tuubude haani ha duuɓi". Caggal maayde maako, Best of Nollywood Magazine anndini wonde "comedy of the year" nden anndiraa "Moses Adejumo Comedy of the Year" ngam teddina mo ngam darnde maako nder nder nder nder kisal.(((October 2018, Baba Sala died of what was referred by his media aide as "old-age related sickness".<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/breaking-veteran-comedian-baba-sala-is-dead/|title=Veteran comedian, Baba Sala, dies at 81|date=8 October 2018|website=[[The Punch]]}}</ref> After his death, Best of Nollywood Magazine announced that the category "comedy of the year" will now be known as "Moses Adejumo Comedy of the Year" to honour him for his contribution to the industry. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/life/film/late-actor-and-comedian-baba-sala-honoured-with-a-category-by-bon-awards-organisers/|title=Late Actor And Comedian Baba Sala Honoured with a Category By BON Awards Organisers|last=AKINYOADE|first=AKINWALE|date=12 October 2018|website=Guardian|access-date=13 October 2018}}</ref> == Ndaare kadi == * Lisi laamɓe lesdi Naajeeriya == Wurooji wurooji == * [http://www.citwf.com/person478705.htm Films database] * Koolaaji Fidiyooji Afriknaaɓe to [http://hcl.harvard.edu/ Harvard College Library] == Firooji == ecvih8kmb1j48fhw50y287soq2ojvfa 0 7869 180865 109713 2026-08-04T21:57:43Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180865 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Banu Hashim''' (Aarabɓe: بنو هاشم) ko leñol aarabɓe nder leñol Quraysh ngol annabi lislaam Muhammadu jeyaa, inniraa ko mawniiko Muhammadu Hashim ibn Abd Manaf. Terɗe ndeeɗoo leñol, haa teeŋti e iwdi mum en, ina mbiyaa kadi Haashimi en, Hashimi en, Hashimi en, walla Bakara en ina keewi jogaade innde al-Hāshimī. Ɓeen iwdiiji, haa teeŋti noon e rewindaade leñol mum en haa e Muhammadu rewrude e ɓiyiiko debbo biyeteeɗo Faatima, ina njogii tiitoonde aadaaji Sharīf (ina heewi nanndude e Sayyid).<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Van Arendonk|first1=C.|last2=Graham|first2=W.A.|date=1960–2007|title=Sharīf|editor1-last=Bearman|editor1-first=P. J.|editor1-link=P. J. Bearman|editor2-last=Bianquis|editor2-first=Th.|editor3-last=Bosworth|editor3-first=C. E.|editor3-link=Clifford Edmund Bosworth|editor4-last=van Donzel|editor4-first=E.|editor5-last=Heinrichs|editor5-first=W. P.|editor5-link=W. P. Heinrichs|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition|url=http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/sharif-COM_1041}}</ref> Gila e teeminannde 8ɓiire, iwdi Hashimid en ngari ƴeewteede ko maande teddungal, kadi ko kañum woni sabaabu mo laamuuji keewɗi laawɗini laamu mum en.<ref>{{harvnb|Van Arendonk|Graham|1960–2007}}.</ref> Won e laamuuji lislaam ɓurɗi anndeede ɗi iwdi Hashimid ina jeyaa heen Abbasid en (laamiima gila Bagdaad 750-945; njoginoo kalifaandi tawa ɓe kuutoraaki laamu 945-1258 to Bagdaad e 1261-1517 to Kayhayru), Fatimid en (laamiima gila Kayru10–97 Alawi (laamɓe Maruk, 1631–hannde), e Hashemite en (laamɓe Urdun, 1921–hannde).<ref>{{Cite book|last=Routledge|first=Bruce|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SBWmAwOJI2UC|title=Moab in the Iron Age: Hegemony, Polity, Archaeology|date=2004-07-26|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|isbn=978-0-8122-3801-3|pages=236|language=en}}</ref> == Tariha == E aadaaji, leñol ngol inniraa ko Hashim ɓii Abd Manaf. O resi ko Salma bint Amr jeyaaɗo e leñol Banu Najjar, leñol Azdi en.<ref>al-Tabari, Abu Jafar. ''The History of al-Tabari Vol. 6: Muhammad at Mecca''. p. 125.</ref><ref>The Agrarian System of Islam Muḥammad Taqī Amīnī Idarah-i Adabiyat-i Delli, 1991</ref> E nder aarabeeɓe ko adii lislaam, yimɓe ina ceerti koye mum en fawaade e leñol mum en, e leñol mum en, caggal ɗuum galle mum en/galle mum en. Wonno ko sifaaji leƴƴi ɗiɗi mawɗi: Adnani en (iwdi Adnan, iwdi aadaaji Aarabeeɓe worgo, hakkundeejo e hirnaange Arabi) e Qahtani en (ummoriiɓe Qahtan, iwdi aadaaji Aarabeeɓe fuɗnaange e fuɗnaange-rewo Arabiiji).<ref name="gen">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O69zjVnjL10C&pg=PA72|title=Journeys in Holy Lands: The Evolution of the Abraham-Ishmael Legends in Islamic Exegesis|author=Reuven Firestone|date=1990|page=72|isbn=9780791403310}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Ibn García's Shuʻūbiyya Letter: Ethnic and Theological Tensions in Medieval al-Andalus|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QJ8EpN0232IC&pg=PA170|author=Göran Larsson|date=2003|page=170|isbn=9004127402}}</ref> Banu Hashim ina jeyaa e leƴƴi leñol Quraysi,<ref>{{cite book|last=Al-Mubarakpuri|first=Safi-ur-Rahman|title=The Sealed Nectar (Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum)|url=https://archive.org/details/sealednectararra0000safi|year=2002|publisher=Darussalam|page=[https://archive.org/details/sealednectararra0000safi/page/30 30]|isbn=1591440718}}</ref> kadi ko leñol Adnan. Innde mayre ummii ko e Hashim ibn Abd Manaf, mawniiko gorko Muhammadu, e wondude e leƴƴi Banu Abd-Shams, Banu Al-Muttalib, e Banu Nawfal ina waɗi taƴre Banu Abd al-Manaf e nder Quraysh. == Firooji == <references /> [[Category:Stub]] mf4x6lrbygvxunkt8uwytso1eoscr7q 0 7956 180880 172243 2026-08-04T22:11:28Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180880 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Balghis Badri''' (Aarabeeɓe:بلقيس بدرى, jibinaa ko 1948) ko daraniiɗo haɓaade rewɓe [[Sudan|Sudaan]], haa teeŋti noon e fannuuji njulaagu rewɓe (FGM) e ƴellitaare rewɓe teeru, gila 1979,<ref name="UNDP">{{cite web|url=http://www.sd.undp.org/content/sudan/en/home/presscenter/faces/2015/balghis.html|title=Balghis|author=|date=|website=UNDP in Sudan|accessdate=6 November 2017|archive-date=9 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180909185749/http://www.sd.undp.org/content/sudan/en/home/presscenter/faces/2015/balghis.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> kadi ko porfeseer anthropologie renndo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ahfad ngam rewɓe. ==Nguurndam gadano== O ummorii ko e galle jannginooɓe.<ref name="norad.no">{{cite web|url=https://www.norad.no/en/front/about-norad/news/women-as-agents-of-change-in-sudan/|title=Women as Agents of Change in Sudan|author=|date=|website=NoradDev|accessdate=6 November 2017|archive-date=28 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228195335/https://www.norad.no/en/front/about-norad/news/women-as-agents-of-change-in-sudan/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ko kanko woni ɓiy [[Yuusuf Badri]], sosɗo duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ahfad ngam rewɓe (AUW) to [[Khartoum]] e hitaande 1966, e taaniiko soldaat Mahdist, Babiker Badri.<ref name="norad.no2">{{cite web|url=https://www.norad.no/en/front/about-norad/news/women-as-agents-of-change-in-sudan/|title=Women as Agents of Change in Sudan|author=|date=|website=NoradDev|accessdate=6 November 2017|archive-date=28 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228195335/https://www.norad.no/en/front/about-norad/news/women-as-agents-of-change-in-sudan/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Badri heɓi doktoraa mum e anthropologie renndo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Hull to leydi Angalteer e hitaande 1978.<ref name="norad.no3">{{cite web|url=https://www.norad.no/en/front/about-norad/news/women-as-agents-of-change-in-sudan/|title=Women as Agents of Change in Sudan|author=|date=|website=NoradDev|accessdate=6 November 2017|archive-date=28 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228195335/https://www.norad.no/en/front/about-norad/news/women-as-agents-of-change-in-sudan/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Kugal== Badri ko jannginoowo wakkati seeɗa to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ahfad ngam rewɓe tuggi 1974 haa 1997, e wakkati timmuɗo gila ndeen, ɗo o woni hannde jannginoowo anthropologie renndo.<ref name="norad.no4">{{cite web|url=https://www.norad.no/en/front/about-norad/news/women-as-agents-of-change-in-sudan/|title=Women as Agents of Change in Sudan|author=|date=|website=NoradDev|accessdate=6 November 2017|archive-date=28 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228195335/https://www.norad.no/en/front/about-norad/news/women-as-agents-of-change-in-sudan/|url-status=dead}}</ref> E hitaande 2002 o sosi, o woni gardiiɗo gadano duɗal AUW ngam janngude rewɓe, jinnaaɓe e ƴellitaare.<ref name="norad.no5">{{cite web|url=https://www.norad.no/en/front/about-norad/news/women-as-agents-of-change-in-sudan/|title=Women as Agents of Change in Sudan|author=|date=|website=NoradDev|accessdate=6 November 2017|archive-date=28 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228195335/https://www.norad.no/en/front/about-norad/news/women-as-agents-of-change-in-sudan/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Badri ko gardiiɗo<ref name="norad.no6">{{cite web|url=https://www.norad.no/en/front/about-norad/news/women-as-agents-of-change-in-sudan/|title=Women as Agents of Change in Sudan|author=|date=|website=NoradDev|accessdate=6 November 2017|archive-date=28 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228195335/https://www.norad.no/en/front/about-norad/news/women-as-agents-of-change-in-sudan/|url-status=dead}}</ref> duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ahfad ngam jaŋde diiwaan rewɓe, keewal, jam e hakkeeji, to Omdurman/Khartoum.<ref name="norad.no7">{{cite web|url=https://www.norad.no/en/front/about-norad/news/women-as-agents-of-change-in-sudan/|title=Women as Agents of Change in Sudan|author=|date=|website=NoradDev|accessdate=6 November 2017|archive-date=28 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228195335/https://www.norad.no/en/front/about-norad/news/women-as-agents-of-change-in-sudan/|url-status=dead}}</ref> E hitaande 1979, o naatini jaŋde rewɓe e jinnaaɓe e nder jaŋdeeji duɗe jaaɓi haaɗtirde.<ref name="UNDP2">{{cite web|url=http://www.sd.undp.org/content/sudan/en/home/presscenter/faces/2015/balghis.html|title=Balghis|author=|date=|website=UNDP in Sudan|accessdate=6 November 2017|archive-date=9 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180909185749/http://www.sd.undp.org/content/sudan/en/home/presscenter/faces/2015/balghis.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Bindi== E lewru feebariyee 2017, deftere Zed Books yaltini deftere wiyeteende « Haɓde e rewɓe e nder Afrik » (Badri e Aili Mari Tripp njiydi ɗum).<ref name="uchicago.edu">{{cite web|url=http://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/distributed/W/bo26260386.html|website=press.uchicago.edu|title=Women's Activism in Africa, Badri, Tripp|accessdate=6 November 2017|archive-date=10 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180910014630/https://www.press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/distributed/W/bo26260386.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Women's Activism in Africa|url=https://archive.org/details/womensactivismin0000unse_h5t3|author=|editor-first1=Balghis|editor-last1=Badri|editor-first2=Aili Mari|editor-last2=Tripp|date=15 February 2017|publisher=Zed Books|isbn=978-1783609086}}</ref> Badri wondi e mum, o winndi walla o winndi heen ɗiɗi e nder tonngooɗe sappo ɗee.<ref name="uchicago.edu2">{{cite web|url=http://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/distributed/W/bo26260386.html|website=press.uchicago.edu|title=Women's Activism in Africa, Badri, Tripp|accessdate=6 November 2017|archive-date=10 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180910014630/https://www.press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/distributed/W/bo26260386.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Luural== E lewru Yarkomaa 2018, miñiiko Badri biyeteeɗo Gasim Badri, hooreejo duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ahfad ngam rewɓe, ƴettaa e wideyoo ina nanngi almuudo debbo gooto, ina seppa, e ɓuuɓri hoore mum, ina fiyra ɗum laabi keewɗi e hoore. Badri daranii golle mum, o wiyi wonde wideyoo oo « ina hollita tan ko bannge gooto e goonga » tee won e seppooɓe ɓee ina ndartini bonnude e bonnude duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ngal.<ref>{{cite web|title=Why some Sudanese back the lecturer who beat his students|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-42775120|date=23 January 2018|accessdate=15 February 2018|publisher=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> ==Tuugnorgal== [[Category:Rewɓe Naajeeriya]] [[Category:Rewɓe]] [[Category:Yimɓe wuurɓe]] smtet4dmm2roct5ejiz6c35nci4ppkx 0 8265 180936 169679 2026-08-04T23:11:47Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180936 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:RhB Ge 4-4 II Wiesener Viadukt.jpg|thumb|RhB Ge 4-4 II Jaaynde wiyeteende]] [[File:GE Beijing Technology Park (20230417120012).jpg|thumb|GE nokku karallaagal Pekin]] '''A Ge''' (Sinuwaa; pinin: Ā Gē; jibinaa ko 1948), anndiraaɗo kadi Deng Mingying (邓明英 ), ko naalanke [[Ciina|Siinnaajo]] binndol leɗɗe ummoriiɗo Liangshan e nder diiwaan Sichuan, o jeyaa ko e leñol Yi. == Ngendam == E dow tufle laamu feewde e leƴƴi pamari, A Ge ƴettaa ko e duuɓi sappo e ɗiɗi ngam tawtoreede duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ''Sichuan Fine Art''s Institute, o hirjinaama ngam sosde naalankaagal ngam anndude pinal leƴƴi pamari Yi e wallitde ɓamtaare.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://age.artron.net/about|title=阿鸽艺术家介绍-阿鸽官方网站-雅昌艺术家网|website=age.artron.net|access-date=2018-03-15}}</ref> E hitaande 1964 o heɓi bak makko e duɗal naalankooɓe leydi Siin to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Sichuan. .<ref>{{cite book|title=Contemporary Chinese Women Painters|url=https://archive.org/details/zhongguodangdain0000unse|author=Shi, Ling|year=1998|publisher=Foreign Languages Press|pages=[https://archive.org/details/zhongguodangdain0000unse/page/199 199]–201|isbn=978-7-119-00724-3}}</ref> O resi ko Xu Kuang. == Kugal == A Ge ko naalanke ngenndiijo tolno 1, tergal fedde naalankooɓe Siin e fedde naalankooɓe Siin, kadi ko hooreejo fedde naalankooɓe Sichuan,<ref name="Artists">{{cite book|title=Modern Chinese Artists|author=Sullivan, Michael|year=2006|publisher=University of California Press|page=3|isbn=978-0-520-24449-8}}</ref> e cukko hooreejo fedde Sichuan e dingiral binndol e naalankaagal, gardiiɗo e nder musee Shenzhou, e cukko hooreejo duɗal binndol to duɗal ngenndiwal Siin to bannge pentugol.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://m.sohu.com/a/145456949_99893264|title=中外名人艺术{{!}}今日推荐——阿鸽的作品欣赏_手机搜狐网|website=m.sohu.com|access-date=2019-03-08|archive-date=2019-03-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190308081137/http://m.sohu.com/a/145456949_99893264|url-status=dead}}</ref> Golle makko mooftaa ko e nokku biyeteeɗo ''British Museum'' to Londres.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Printed Image in China|url=https://archive.org/details/printedimageinch0000brit|author=von Spee, Clarissa|year=2010|publisher=British Museum Press|page=[https://archive.org/details/printedimageinch0000brit/page/171 171]|isbn=978-0-7141-2460-5}}</ref> == Golle == Golle cuɓaaɗe: (Tappirɗe A Ge) (Galle naalankooɓe leƴƴi Sichuan - A Ge, 1995) (Moɓondiral golle naalankaagal A Ge - A Ge, 2010 bayyinoowo naalankaagal Sichuan) == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Yimɓe wuurɓe]] [[Category:Yimɓe Siin]] 8djkzvzb2orspnas06d8bjayf8fizmv 0 8274 181161 78683 2026-08-05T03:18:15Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181161 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Isabella Mary Abbott''' (23 desaambar 1890 - 26 noowammbar 1955) ko naalanke Kanadaa, yumma fijoowo biyeteeɗo Christopher Plummer. == Ngendam == Abbott jibinaa ko to wuro Kebek, ɓiy Marianne J. (Campbell) e Arthur Edward Abbott, taaniiko debbo gardiiɗo jaagorɗe leydi ndii, hono Sir John Abbott.<ref>1911 Census of Canada</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J2JmAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Arthur+Edward+and+Marianne+J.+(Campbell)+Abbott%22|title=Who's who in Canada|last1=Parker|first1=Charles Whately|last2=Greene|first2=Barnet M.|year=1960}}</ref> O hollitii e Fedde Naalankaagal Montreal hade makko hollirde golle makko e Akademi Laamɗo Kanadaa e hitaande 1922 e hitaande 1923. Abbott wonnoo ko infirmiyee balloowo to Farayse e wolde adunaare adannde.<ref name="metro" /> O golliima e fedde toppitiinde golle juuɗe Kanadaa, o woni binndoowo-kaalis gila 1924 haa lewru feebariyee 1929.<ref>{{Cite book|title=In good hands : the women of the Canadian Handicrafts Guild|url=https://archive.org/details/ingoodhandswomen0000mcle|author=McLeod, Ellen Mary Easton|date=1999|publisher=Published for Carleton University by McGill-Queen's University Press|isbn=9780886293567|location=Montreal [Que.]|oclc=181843677}}</ref>Abbott wonnoo kadi ko binndoowo gardiiɗo gannde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde McGill. Abbott arti e golle e nder Guild e kitaale 1950, o golli haa o maayi e hitaande 1955.<ref name="metro3" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://cwahi.concordia.ca/sources/artists/displayArtist.php?ID_artist=157|title=Abbott, Isabella Mary (Plummer)|work=Canadian Women Artists History Initiative}}</ref> == Caalaje == O resi John Orme Plummer (1894-1977) to wuro Kebek e lewru feebariyee 1929. Ɓe ɗiɗo fof ceertii haa hitaande ndee joofi. Ɓiɗɗo maɓɓe gooto, biyeteeɗo Arthur Christopher Orme Plummer, jibinaa ko ñalnde 13 desaambar ndeen hitaande, to Toronto 8pickkqxtz3kz2q1frxnwcvtft8aqmi 0 8279 181073 114441 2026-08-05T01:51:19Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181073 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eve Disher''' e hiitande dubi alif 1894-1991) ko naalanke Angalteer ganndiraaɗo nate mum kono kadi o waɗii nate wuro e nate puɗi. == Nguurndam == Disher jibinaa ko to Londres, o janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Hornsey.<ref name="BuckmanVol1">{{cite book|author=David Buckman|publisher=Art Dictionaries Ltd|year=2006|title=Artists in Britain Since 1945 Vol 1, A to L |ISBN=0 953260 95 X}}</ref> E nder wolde adunaare adannde, Disher golliima e fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e bommbooji to Londres.[1] E nder duuɓi makko capanɗe jeegom o resii Maurice Willson Disher, ganndo ko faati e pijirlooji e winndiyanke, o wonti sehil e terɗe fedde Bloomsbury, haa teeŋti e Duncan Grant. E nder oon sahaa Disher renndini ko suudu (studio) e naalanke biyeteeɗo Vera Cuningham , mo o joginoo batte mawɗe e mbaadi naalankaagal makko.<ref name="Spalding">{{cite book|author=[[Frances Spalding]]|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=1990|title=20th Century Painters and Sculptors |url=https://archive.org/details/20thcenturypaint0006spal|ISBN=1 85149 106 6}}</ref> Disher yahiino no feewi, o waɗii sahaaji e nder Afrik worgo e Jamayka.[1] To leydi Angalteer o hollitii e fedde naalankooɓe rewɓe, e fedde naalankooɓe hakkunde leyɗeele e nder galle Mattheisen.[1] Galle ñeeñal Foyles waɗii koolol gootol e golle makko e hitaande 1987.<ref name=NPGed>{{cite web |author=|url=https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp51802/eve-disher|title=Eve Disher (1894-1991) |date=|accessdate=31 October 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery}} </ref> Anndaa ko e nate makko, keewɗe e gouache, Galle Natal Ngenndiwal to Londres ina jogii natal Disher ngal hitaande ɗumngu alif 1936, ngal J. B. S. Haldane. == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewɓe]] [[Category:Rewɓe Naajeeriya]] [[Category:Rewɓe Afirka]] 34gcqs1yrdtiwi7jbh8px2kwuugelaq 0 8383 180935 114434 2026-08-04T23:09:43Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180935 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Mary Dobson''' (jibinaa ko e hitaande ɗumngu alif 1912) ko naalanke Angalteer, ko adii fof ko pentoowo e diisnondirɗo kono caggal ɗuum o woni ko e waɗde golle gilaasi e mosaïque. == Nguurndam == Dobson jibinaa ko to Londres, o janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Bournemouth tuggi 1930 haa 1934, caggal ɗuum o janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Chelsea Polytechnic to London e nder hitaande ndumgu alif 1936 e 1937 hade makko waɗde hitaande to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal e karallaagal.<ref name="BuckmanVol1">{{cite book|author=David Buckman|publisher=Art Dictionaries Ltd|year=2006|title=Artists in Britain Since 1945 Vol 1, A to L|isbn=0-953260-95-X}}</ref> Nde o woni almuudo haa jooni o tabitini hoore makko no illustrateur freelance.<ref name="Spalding">{{cite book|author=Frances Spalding|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=1990|title=20th Century Painters and Sculptors|url=https://archive.org/details/20thcenturypaint0006spal|author-link=Frances Spalding|isbn=1-85149-106-6}}</ref> E nder wolde adunaare ɗimmere Dobson golliima e Women's Royal Naval Service e caggal nde o woppitaa e hitaande ndumgu alif 1947 o arti e waɗde nate ngam waɗde binndanɗe keewɗe.a jeyaa e ɗeen jaayɗe, jaaynde wiyeteende The Strand, Nursery World e jaayɗe ina heen jaaynde wiyeteende Daily Mail e Daily ater Dobson specialised in stained glass and mosaic worksDobson waɗii koolol mum gadanol e nate mum e hitaande 1953, kadi o waɗii koolol to Royal Academy to Londres e New English Art Club e Fedde Naalankooɓe Rewɓe, nde o wonnoo tergal e yiilirde. Caggal mum Dobson woni ko e golle gilaasi e mosaïque. E hitaande 1957 e 1958 o sosi windooji pentiirɗi e vitrailuuji ngam waɗde galle liɗɗi Hastings, mo woni e nder eklesiya ɓooyɗo.<ref>{{cite web|author=Steve Peak|title=The Hastings Fisherman's Museum|url=https://www.hastingshistory.net/the-hastings-fishermens-museum|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20230326224658/https://www.hastingshistory.net/the-hastings-fishermens-museum|archive-date=26 March 2023|accessdate=26 July 2020|website=Hastings History}}</ref> As well as London, Dobson lived for a time at [[Shipbourne]] in Kent.Ko noon kadi e Londres, Dobson wuuri ko juuti to Shipbourne to Kent. == Himobe== n56j4r9xc78rmrey25cifq7k1wum5y0 0 8448 180841 103865 2026-08-04T21:25:43Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180841 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Aileen Eagleton''' (5 feebariyee 1902 – 1984) ko pentoowo [[Angalteer]], ƴoogiroowo leɗɗe. == Nguurndam == Eagleton jibinaa ko to Bexley to Kent, o janngi naalankaagal to Londres e gardagol Louis Thomson.<ref name="Spalding">{{cite book|author=[[Frances Spalding]]|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=1990|title=20th Century Painters and Sculptors|url=https://archive.org/details/20thcenturypaint0006spal|ISBN=1 85149 106 6}}</ref><ref name="BuckmanVol1">{{cite book|author=David Buckman|publisher=Art Dictionaries Ltd|year=2006|title=Artists in Britain Since 1945 Vol 1, A to L|ISBN=0 953260 95 X}}</ref> O woniino tergal e fedde ganndal naalankaagal, omo hollira heen sahaa kala e nder Akademi ''Royal'' e nder Salon Paris. O hollitii kadi e Fedde Rewɓe Naalankooɓe, e Duɗal Laamɗowal Pentooɓe Nebam e Duɗal Laamɗowal Pentooɓe e Kolorɗe Ndiyam. Golle Eagleton kadi kolliraama to galle naalankaagal Walker to [[Liverpool]]. Duuɓi keewɗi Eagleton ina hoɗi to Fuɗnaange Molesey to Surrey. == Tuugnorgal == [[Category:Stub]] ghae7v8kx201oyrp8o6mcufbiw0mj9a 0 8453 180806 114444 2026-08-04T20:48:24Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180806 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Helen Konstans Pym Edwards''' jibinaaɗo e Sutton, (18 feebariyee hiitande nduungu alif 1882 – 1963) ko pentoowo leydi Angalteer. Nguurndam Edwards jibinaa ko e nder wuro wiyeteengo Eastbourne e nder leydi Sussex.<ref name="GMWaters">{{cite book|author=Grant M. Waters|publisher=Eastbourne Fine Art|year=1975|title=Dictionary of British Artists Working 1900-1950|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofbrit0000wate_w1d0}}</ref> Between 1906 and 1908 she studied art under [[Algernon Talmage]] at [[St Ives, Cornwall|St Ives]] in [[Cornwall]].<ref name="Spalding">{{cite book|author=[[Frances Spalding]]|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=1990|title=20th Century Painters and Sculptors|url=https://archive.org/details/20thcenturypaint0006spal|isbn=1-85149-106-6}}</ref> Hakkunde 1906 e 1908 o janngi naalankaagal e les njiimaandi Algernon Talmage to St Ives to Cornwall. O ɓeydii janngude naalankaagal e H Dawson Barkas e hitaande 1909 to Reading to Berkshire. E nder golle makko naalankaagal Edwards ɓuri waawde ko pentude leydi, omo gollira e nebam, pastel e koloor ndiyam. O hollitii e fedde naalankooɓe laamɗo Biritaan, e fedde naalankooɓe rewɓe e fedde naalankooɓe rewɓe. E hitaande 1933 Edwards suɓaama tergal e fedde nde wonaa laamuyankoore. Edwards wuuri ko juuti to Parkstone to Dorset, o woni ko e hollirde e nder renndooji naalankaagal nokkuuji ɗii e nder Hampshire e Dorset fof. Pasteluuji keewɗi ɗi Edwards waɗi ɗii, ko fedde Medici ƴetti. [[Category:Stub]] qizpmdxv0r9gj9gd0rceq8vb45r82ym 0 8704 180889 91932 2026-08-04T22:19:15Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180889 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Susan Block''', ganndiraaɗo kadi Doktoor Susan Block e Doktoor Suzy, ko Ameriknaajo ganndo ko faati e jikkuuji, binndoowo, waɗoowo filmuuji, gardiiɗo jeewte teleeji kabel, e yeewtanoowo pinal. Ina gasa tawa o ɓuri anndeede ko e teleeji makko keewɗi to HBO. Ko kanko woni sosɗo e gardiiɗo duɗal Dr. Susan Block ngam ganndal e naalankaagal erotik.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://drsusanblockinstitute.com/|title=The Dr. Susan Block Institute|website=Dr Susan Block Institute}}</ref> Block ina anndaa kadi e filosof mum hedonism etikaaji e The Bonobo Way, kam e binndanɗe mum ko fayti e jikkuuji, giɗli, politik, e pinal e nder Alternet,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.alternet.org/authors/dr-susan-block|title=Alternet.org}}</ref> Ekolooji, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://theecologist.org/2015/jan/05/make-2015-year-bonobo|title=Make 2015 the Year of the Bonobo!|website=The Ecologist|date=January 5, 2015}}</ref>Timmuɗo 10,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.drsusanblock.com/editorial/Perfect10.htm|title=Perfect 10|website=archive.drsusanblock.com}}</ref> New Haven Advocate,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.drsusanblock.com/pressbioext.htm|title=Biography|website=archive.drsusanblock.com}}</ref> LA Weekly, Gardiiɗo Bay San Fransisko<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-06-23-me-11950-story.html|title=Singles Looking for a Date Learn It Pays to Advertise|date=June 23, 1985|website=Los Angeles Times}}</ref>, Metro, Brentwood Blabla, Beverly Hills, Magazine, e binndanɗe mum keertiiɗe Doktoor Susan Block, Jaaynde Cannes e lowre mum, Bloggamy. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://drsusanblock.com/|title=Dr. Susan Block's Journal|website=DrSusanBlock.com}}</ref> Block ina anndaa kadi e mawningol mum bacchanalian ngol jommbaajo debbo e tawtoraaɓe woɗɓe tawtortee, kam e eɓɓooji makko e nder internet, teleeji e rajooji ɗi porfeseeruuji e hoodereeji porno, kollirɗe naalankaagal erotik, salonuuji jaŋde jokkondire, seminaaji e kewuuji goɗɗi to duɗal Dr. Susan Block ngam naalankaagal e gannde erotik, a.k.a. Block kadi ko neɗɗo gonɗo e wiyde hoore mum ko terapist e nder golle mum, omo gollodii e kiliyaneeɓe ummoriiɓe e nder winndere ndee kala, omo huutoroo karallaagal makko ngam haɓaade caɗeele jokkondiral ceertuɗe, e nder neɗɗo e nder telefoŋ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://drsusanblockinstitute.com/about-dr-susan-block/|title=About Dr. Susan Block}}</ref> == Nguurndam == === Nguurndam adanɗam === Block jibinaa ko to Filadelfi, o mawni ko to Bala Cynwyd, to Pensilvania. Block ummorii ko e nehdi yahuud en konservatiif.[9] O woniino almuudo tedduɗo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Harriton, keɓɗo njeenaari DAR, hooreejo Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe Model Philadelphia e hooreejo jaaynde almudɓe Harriton Forum nde o inniri Harriton Free Forum (innde ndee ina jokki ko ina ɓura duuɓi 20). ). O jaɓaa e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Yale e hitaande 1973, o heɓi seedantaagal makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Yale magna cum laude, o heɓi heen seedantaagal makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Pacific Western (hono no wiyetee hannde duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde California Miramar) e hitaande 1991, duɗal ngal alaa regional accreditation, o winndi kadi deftere makko doktoraa ko fayti e "Wontude debbo: ƴeewndo filosof e fannuuji nay hakkille debbo e wiyde Toni Wolff."[citation needed] E hitaande 2011 o rokkaama doktoraa tedduɗo to Duɗal Jaŋde Jaŋde toownde Jokkondiral aadee.<ref>{{Cite web|date=1997-07-17|title=Up Front|url=https://jewishjournal.com/old_stories/259/|access-date=2020-12-18|website=Jewish Journal|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bloggamy.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/201208VegasSuzyJux063w-550x366.jpg|title=Bloggamy.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://drsusanblock.com/vegas|title=BiG WiN in VEGAS: A New PhD & an Orgy in the RV, Great Erotic Art, Slot Machines That Cum|date=August 17, 2012}}</ref> E darorɗe kitaale 1970 e puɗal kitaale 1980, Block jokki jaŋde mum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde PWU, e nder diiwaan San Fransisko, e nder duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde UC Berkeley, e nder duɗal Naropa. O golliima kadi e nder wuro New Haven Mime, o waɗii golle e nder fedde New England Commedia e La Mer Mime, e Mask Theatre, o winndi binndanɗe ɗe o waɗata e hoore makko. kam e pont San Fransisko–Oakland Bay, laabi keewɗi e terɗe fedde warngooji San Fransisko. O yahri kadi no feewi e nder leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik, Meksik, Farayse, Pays-Bas, Itali, Israayiil, [[Afganistaan]], [[Pakistan]], Inndo e Nepal. E hitaande 1984, Block yaltini deftere mum adannde, Advertising for Love<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwtv/article/DR-SUSAN-BLOCK-SHOW-to-Discuss-Cacophony-Society-and-More-622-20130620|title=DR. SUSAN BLOCK SHOW to Discuss Cacophony Society and More, 6/22|first=TV News|last=Desk|website=BroadwayWorld.com}}</ref> (William Morrow) nde hollitii waylo-waylo weeyo ngo ɓooyaani ko fuɗɗii e jaayɗe e jaayndeeji e jooni, e internet. === Rajo === [[File:Tony Batman, Dr. Susan Block at Erotic Film Festival 3.jpg|thumb|267x267px|Tony Batman, Doktoor Susan Block e nder fedde filmuuji]] Hakkunde ndeen hitaande, o fuɗɗii yuɓɓinde yeewtere makko adannde e rajo Radio Match, nde yaltinaa ko e KIEV to Glendale, Kaliforni, ɗo o walli singles hawrude e weeyo, (kono ko e weeyo tan). Caggal ɗuum nde yalti ko Date Night e jammaaji aset. Ko ɓuri heewde e loowdi ndii ko heɗtiiɓe, worɓe e rewɓe, ɓe noddata, ɓe njokkondirta e koye maɓɓe gila e suudu ɗowgol.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Advertising for love: how to play the personals|url=https://archive.org/details/advertisingforlo0000bloc|first=Susan|last=Block|date=November 8, 1984|publisher=Quill|oclc=9829147}}</ref> Ko John Clark waɗi eɓɓoore ndee, kadi rokki ɗum kaalis. === Dewgal e gollondiral e Lobkowicz === E darorɗe hitaande 1984, o hawri e jom suudu makko potɗo wonde Maksimiliyaan Rudolf Lobkowicz-Filangieri rewrude e KIEV. Hay so ɓe ngontii sehilaaɓe moƴƴuɓe, ɓe ngoni ko e jokkondirde e yimɓe woɗɓe, ɓe ngondaani e giɗli haa duuɓi jeegom caggal ɗuum. E hitaande 1986, Block fuɗɗii yoga e laabi telefoŋaaji gadani 976 e 900 limto, wasiyaaji e fantaŋ. E hitaande 1987, Block artiri eɓɓoore mum rajo to KFOX 93.5 FM, ɗo nde wonti ko famɗi fof eɓɓoore jokkere enɗam, nde ɓuri wonde ko eɓɓoore noddaango ko fayti e jikkuuji, politik e pinal e hoɓɓe hono Dr. Timothy Leary, John Densmore mo The Doors e... Sam Kinison, koolaaɗo kuuɓal. E nder oon sahaa, o waɗii kadi daartol juutngol e nder defte Doktoor Lonnie Barbach, hono Weltaare, Interludes erotiques e Le encontre érotique. O winndi daartol gadiingol ngol e Lobkowicz.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1990-01-01-ca-196-story.html|title=Matchmaker Hopes End of Cold War Will Thaw Hearts : Radio: Susan Block's call-in dating program will air tonight from West Germany to 'celebrate love, liberation and the fall of the Wall.'|date=January 1, 1990|website=Los Angeles Times}}</ref> E hitaande 1990, Block gollodiima e Lobkowicz ngam feewnude kaset biyeteeɗo "Desert Susan", renndini konu Desert Storm, e "Haalaaji lelnde ngam mawɓe". Ɓe njaltini kadi jaaynde Doktoor Block. E hitaande 1992, Block e Lobkowicz resndaa to Filadelfi. E oon hitaande kadi, ɓe puɗɗii ƴettude eɓɓoore rajo Block, hannde wiyeteende The Dr. Susan Block Show, ngam teleeji kaɓirɗe. Ɓe cosi kadi duɗal Dr. Susan Block ngam gannde e naalankaagal erotik. E hitaande 1993, eɓɓoore Block ndee yaltinaama e nder leydi ndii kala e nder ko ina tolnoo e 75 rajo rewrude e Reso Jaayndeeji Jeytaare. E hitaande 1996, caggal nde joom en IBN ɓee tuumaa e fenaande, Block fuɗɗii gooto e rajooji gadani e nder internet, hono RADIOSUZY1.com, ɗo eɓɓoore makko ndee woni haa jooni, e nder laylaytol e nder kaset, waktuuji 24 e nder ñalawma. E oon hitaande, o ardii kadi yeewtere makko adannde e HBO, Radio Sex TV e Doktoor Susan Block, o yaltini deftere makko tataɓere wiyeteende « Jamirooje 10 wellitaare : kuutorɗe erotik ngam nguurndam celluɗam, jokkondirɗam ''(St. Martin’s Press)''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vimeo.com/99045117|title=adelphiagate|first=Eroplay com Featured|last=Artists|date=June 24, 2014|via=Vimeo}}</ref> ==Himobe== [[Category:Yimɓe wuurɓe]] nihncfvrw2jrvax1z45z3698duaig44 0 8784 180867 108677 2026-08-04T21:59:13Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180867 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Athene Andrade''' (15 Febrayru 1908 – 1973) ko naalanke Inngilanaajo ganndiraaɗo nate mum e litogaraafi mum. == Ngeendam == Andrade janngi to duɗal hakkundeewal naalankaagal e karallaagal to Londres e to duɗal naalankaagal Bromley e duɗal naalankaagal Beckenham.<ref name="GMWaters">{{cite book|author=Grant M. Waters|publisher=Eastbourne Fine Art|year=1975|title=Dictionary of British Artists Working 1900–1950|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofbrit0000wate_w1d0}}</ref> O heewi ko pentude e sketch fiyooɓe e dingiral tiyaataar.<ref name="BuckmanVol1">{{cite book|author=David Buckman|publisher=Art Dictionaries Ltd|year=2006|title=Artists in Britain Since 1945 Vol 1, A to L|isbn=0-953260-95-X}}</ref> O hollitii e nder duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Royal Academy to Londres, e New English Art Club, e fedde rewɓe naalankooɓe e fedde ngenndiire pentooɓe, seppooɓe e seppooɓe.<ref name="BuckmanVol1" /><ref name="GMWaters" /> Andrade hoɗi ko Bromley to Kent, o jannginii e duɗe to Londres.<ref name="BuckmanVol1" /> Musiyum Victoria e Albert to Londres ina jogii yeruuji golle makko.<ref name="V&Aaa">{{cite web|url=https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1139005/drawing-andrade-athene/|title=Search the Collection;- Drawing, Athene Andrade|access-date=21 January 2020|work=Victoria and Albert Museum|date=1961}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Stub]] 9k7uj08idi2mk343u6kv5csaou3c3jd 0 9299 181086 110145 2026-08-05T02:02:00Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181086 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Arabella Latham''' (jibinaa ko ñalnde 19 lewru Agusta hitaande 1997), ganndiraaɗo Baby Queen, ko jimoowo Afrik worgo, jooɗiiɗo to Londres.<ref>{{cite web|last1=O'Connor Marotta|first1=Michael|title=Baby Queen doesn't want to be a 'Buzzkill' but she is and honestly we're fine with it|url=https://vanyaland.com/2020/07/15/baby-queen-doesnt-want-to-be-a-buzzkill-but-she-is-and-honestly-were-fine-with-it/|website=Vanyaland|access-date=16 April 2021|date=15 July 2020}}</ref> O jibinaa ko Durban, o mawni ko to Durban, Afrik worgo, o ummii ko London e duuɓi 18 ngam jokkude golle makko e nder jimɗi, o siifondiri e Polydor Records e hitaande 2020.<ref name=":4">{{cite web|title=Baby Queen|url=https://www.polydor.co.uk/artist/baby-queen/|website=Polydor Official Website|access-date=16 April 2021}}</ref> EP makko gadano, Medicine, yalti ko e lewru Noofemmba 2020, rewi heen ko mixtape makko gadano, The Yearbook, e lewru suwee 2021. O waɗii doggol juutngol ngam Rajo 1 Sound hitaande 2022.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sound of 2022|website=[[BBC]]|date=5 December 2021|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/2Gp2bC0CNFy4pssqk46CdDq/sound-of-2022|access-date=5 January 2022}}</ref>  Albom makko gadano, Quarter Life Crisis, yalti ko e lewru Noofemmba 2023. == Ngeendam gadano == Fuɗnaange njulaagu ɓuuɓngu, Brick Lane, Londres ɗo Latham golli haa 2020 (foto marse 2013) Latham jibinaa ko to Durban, to Afrik worgo, mawni. Baaba makko ina jogii sosiyetee toppitiiɗo naalankaagal, kadi ina jogii galle naalankaagal tokooso tawaaɗo dow ndeeɗoo yeeyirde.<ref name=":1">{{Cite magazine|last=Lipschutz|first=Jason|date=2 February 2021|title=20 Questions With Baby Queen: 'Twilight,' Taylor Swift Karaoke & Recording Pop Gems in a Cardboard Box|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/pop/20-questions-with-baby-queen-9519982/|access-date=30 December 2021|magazine=Billboard}}</ref> Latham wi'i nehdi maako haa Afrika woylaare walliti mo nder neɗɗaaku maako bee hoolaare maako bee semmbe maako bana Baby Queen persona.<ref name=":1" /> E duuɓi 18, e barke jibnaaɓe makko, Latham egginii to Londres ngam jokkude golle mum e nder jimɗi. Fuɗɗannde o jooɗodi bee neene maako haa Fulham, Latham ɗonno wurta, o ɗonno ɗonno nder ngeedam jemma wuro man.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|last=Savage|first=Mark|date=7 September 2021|title=Baby Queen: Meet pop's boldest, sharpest new voice|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-58462521|access-date=9 November 2021|website=BBC}}</ref> E nder oo sahaa, Latham wiyi o ƴellitii caɗeele e mborosaaji, o huutoriima dorog ngam haɓaade depression makko.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|last1=Hartshorn|first1=Bea|title=Anti-pop pioneer Baby Queen on signing a record deal in the pandemic, making fiercely honest observations about mental health, and playing with her persona.|url=https://www.wonderlandmagazine.com/2021/04/15/baby-queen-interview/|access-date=16 April 2021|website=Wonderland Magazine|date=15 April 2021}}</ref><ref name=":22">{{Cite web|last=Savage|first=Mark|date=7 September 2021|title=Baby Queen: Meet pop's boldest, sharpest new voice|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-58462521|access-date=9 November 2021|website=BBC}}</ref> Ko caggal ko o sifotoo ko "jamma kulɓiniiɗo to Fuɗnaange Londres" caggal nde ɓe ceerti e hitaande 2017, Latham winndi "jimol gadanol ngol Baby Queen", mbaydi ɓuuɓri hakkille "Raw Thoughts".<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /> Jimol ngol ina wiyee ƴetti tan ko hojomaaji 20 ngam winndeede, ngol wonata ko mbaydi udditaare lyrical nde Latham wiynoo e hoore mum, e jikku "nuunɗuɗo mo weltaaki" e toɓɓe kuutoragol dorog e cellal hakkille.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Ahlgrim|first=Callie|date=15 April 2021|title=Baby Queen says she wants her songwriting to be 'uncomfortably honest.' So far, so good.|url=https://www.insider.com/baby-queen-artist-interview-dover-beach-music-sexuality-2021-4|access-date=3 December 2021|website=Insider}}</ref> Latham jaɓii wonde ina joginoo miijo ngo wonaa goonga e ko fayti e weeɓde heɓde kaalis e nder London, wuro ngo njulaagu mum ɓuri heewde e wuro mum to Afrik worgo.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite book|last=Martin|first=Denis-Constant|title=Sounding the Cape, Music, Identity, and Politics in South Africa|url=https://archive.org/details/ba197722-3971-4e88-823d-2d9686c46947|publisher=African Minds|year=2013|isbn=978-1-920489-82-3|location=South Africa|language=English}}</ref> O siftinii peeje makko gadane ngam "waɗde ɗum" e ɓuuɓnude dame labeluuji jimɗi e mixtapes makko.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /> Ko wonaa caɗeele gadane ɗee, Latham ina jokki e winndude jimɗi nde o gollotoo e nokku biyeteeɗo Rough Trade East to Brick Lane, to Londres. O golliima e Rough Trade gila 2019 haa 2020 e ñawu COVID-19.<ref name=":1" /> Latham ina siftora winndude jimɗi e dow binndanɗe post-it e nder golle mum, o renndini ɗi e ko anndiraa "Bella's Wall" e nder suudu gollotooɓe.<ref name=":4" /> Latham kadi golliima e nder Brit Awards, ina ɗaminii e majjere jokkondirde e yimɓe mawɓe tawtoraaɓe.<ref name=":4" /> Duuɓi jeegom ina njogori hoɗde e Londres hade Latham siynude e Polydor Records e dow Zoom e hitaande 2020. == Tuugnorgal == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Stub]] kxn5gc0zwiqtb76hfo7n9hu4bynddrj 0 11123 181140 110011 2026-08-05T02:53:49Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181140 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Baangi''', walla Bobangi, ko ɗemngal gonngal e ɗemngal Lingala kaaleteengal e nder Afrik hakkundeejo. Ɗemɗe ɗemngal ngal ina kaalee banngeeji ɗiɗi ɗii fof e maayo Ubangi e maayo Konngo. == Huutoraade e nder njulaagu == Nde leñol Bobangi ngari jiimde njulaagu jiyaaɓe e dow maayo Konngo toowngo e nder teeminannde 18ɓiire, ɗemngal Bangi huutortenoo ngam wallitde njulaagu hakkunde leƴƴi ceertuɗi e nder diiwaan hee. Annduɗo ɗemngal biyeteeɗo John Whitehead wiyi wonde leƴƴi Moye, Likuba, Bonga, Mpama, Lusakani, e Bangala (peuple) fof ina kuutoroo Bangi ngam jokkondirde e kitaale 1890.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Meeuwis|first=Michael|title=Linguistic gentrification: The Baptist Missionary Society and Bobangi (1882-1940)|url=https://www.afrikanistik-aegyptologie-online.de/archiv/2023/5659|journal=Afrikanistik-Aegyptologie-Online|date=24 January 2023|volume=2023|issue=5659|pages=1–26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=River of Wealth, River of Sorrow: The Central Zaire Basin in the Era of the Slave and Ivory Trade, 1500-1891|url=https://archive.org/details/riverofwealthriv0000harm|last=Harns|first=Robert W.|publisher=Yale University Press|year=1981|isbn=0300026161|location=New Haven|pages=[https://archive.org/details/riverofwealthriv0000harm/page/92 92]–93}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Meeuwis|first=Michael|date=2019|title=The linguistic features of Bangala before Lingala: The pidginization of Bobangi in the 1880s and 1890s|url=https://www.afrikanistik-aegyptologie-online.de/archiv/2019/5012|journal=Afrikanistik-Aegyptologie-Online|volume=2019|issue=5012|pages=1–43}}</ref> E tolno njulaagu ɓiɗɓe leydi e maayo toowngo, Bobangi en ɓuri heewde e taƴre 500 kiloomeeteer Konngo hakkunde maayo Kwah e ekuwator, ko ɓuri heewde e njulaagu maayo rewata.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=River of Wealth, River of Sorrow|last=Harms|pages=7}}</ref> Leƴƴi goɗɗi e nder ndee ɗoo nokku ina njiyloo e nder dental leƴƴi Bobangi, ina njaɓa ɗemngal Bangi, walla ina ndartinaa.<ref>{{Cite book|title=River of Wealth, River of Sorrow|last=Harms|pages=129–130}}</ref> Kono tan, njiimaandi Bobangi e njulaagu nguu, Oropnaaɓe ndartini ɗum e darorɗe teeminannde 19ɓiire nde laamuuji koloñaal en ndartini pelle ɓiɗɓe leydi ndii e njulaagu nguu. E darorɗe teeminannde noogasɓere, Bobangi en ina pamɗi no feewi heddiiɓe e nokku mo ɓe njiylotonoo teeminannde ko adii ɗuum, ɗemngal Bangi nattii yaajde.<ref name=":0" /> == Tuugnorgal == [[Category:Stub]] ex1xqgenefdz2eawgbokrz06axm6wo5 0 11606 180971 177707 2026-08-04T23:49:15Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180971 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sir Akanu Ibiam KCMG KBE''' (29 noowammbar 1906 - 1 lewru juko hitaande 1995), ko misioneer tedduɗo to bannge safaara, toɗɗaaɗo guwerneer diiwaan Fuɗnaange, leydi Najeriya tuggi lewru Duujal 1960 haa lewru Yarkomaa 1966 e sahaa laamu leydi Najeriya gadano. Tuggude e hitaande 1919 haa 1951, o anndiranoo ko Farayse Ibiyam, tuggi 1951 haa 1967, o inniraa ko Sir Farayse Ibiyam. Caggal ndeen sahaa, o woppi tiitoonde makko e innde makko, o anndiraa tan ko Akanu Ibiam hay so tawii teddungal ngal o wiyi o artiri ngal, laamu Angalteer woppaani ɗum.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_regions.html|title=Provinces and Regions of Nigeria|work=World Statesmen|accessdate=6 March 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100418165740/http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_regions.html|archivedate=18 April 2010|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_regions.html|title=Provinces and Regions of Nigeria|work=World Statesmen|accessdate=6 March 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100418165740/http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_regions.html|archivedate=18 April 2010|url-status=live}}</ref> == Duuɓi gadani == Ibiam jibinaa ko to Unwana, Afikpo, to diiwaan Ebonyi ñalnde 29 noowammbar 1906, ko o leñol Igbo. Ko kanko woni ɓiy mawɗo Ibiam, jeyaaɗo to Unwana.[2] Baaba maako ɓaawo man warti laamiiɗo aada, Eze Ogo Isiala I mo Unwana e Osuji mo Uburu, nder laamu Naajeeriya. O naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Hope Waddell, to Calabar, e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde King’s College, to Lagos, caggal ɗuum o naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde St Itu e Uburu.<ref name="bio">{{cite web|url=http://www.dacb.org/stories/nigeria/ibiam2_akanu.html|title=Ibiam, (Francis) Akanu|work=Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions|author=Gerald H. Anderson|publisher=W. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company|year=1998|accessdate=27 May 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908021402/http://www.dacb.org/stories/nigeria/ibiam2_akanu.html|archive-date=8 September 2017|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Ibiam meeɗaa toɗɗaade jaagorde, kono o suɓaama, o toɗɗaama mawɗo e nder Egliis Presbyterian.<ref name="bio2">{{cite web|url=http://www.dacb.org/stories/nigeria/ibiam2_akanu.html|title=Ibiam, (Francis) Akanu|work=Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions|author=Gerald H. Anderson|publisher=W. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company|year=1998|accessdate=27 May 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908021402/http://www.dacb.org/stories/nigeria/ibiam2_akanu.html|archive-date=8 September 2017|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name="bio3">{{cite web|url=http://www.dacb.org/stories/nigeria/ibiam2_akanu.html|title=Ibiam, (Francis) Akanu|work=Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions|author=Gerald H. Anderson|publisher=W. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company|year=1998|accessdate=27 May 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908021402/http://www.dacb.org/stories/nigeria/ibiam2_akanu.html|archive-date=8 September 2017|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> O toɗɗaa ofisee tedduɗo e nder Ordre de l'Empire britannique (OBE) e nder teddungal hitaande hesere 1949 ngam golle makko e nder misioneer safaara e nder Egliis Ecoppi, o toɗɗaa kadi koolaaɗo kuuɓal teddungal e nder Ordre de l'Empire britannique (KBE) e nder teddungal hitaande hesere 1951 substan]6. Ibiam woni hooreejo kawtal Kerecee'en lesdi Naajeeriya (1955-1958).[7] E hitaande 1957 o toɗɗaa hooreejo duɗal Hope Waddell.[3] E hitaande 1959 Ibiam woni hooreejo duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan. E njillu makko to Rodesi worgo, o saliima golloraade e nder kafe keeriiɗo ngam ɓaleeɓe, huunde nde wonti huunde nde alaa ɗo haaɗi.[6] E hitaande 1962, o woni hooreejo goomu sosngu Kapel Protestan to Duɗal Jaaɓihaaɗtirde Naajeeriya, Nsukka Campus.[8] E nder ardungal ndimu leydi Naajeeriya, Ibiam golliima e nder laamu nokkuyankeewu, e nder suudu sarɗiiji diiwaan Fuɗnaange, e nder suudu sarɗiiji e nder suudu sarɗiiji. Caggal nde Naajeeriya heɓi ndimu mum e hitaande 1960, Ibiam toɗɗaama guwerneer diiwaan Fuɗnaange. Ñalnde 24 lewru bowte hitaande 1962, o toɗɗaa koolaaɗo kuuɓal e nder fedde wiyeteende Saint-Michel e Saint-George (KCMG).[9] Ibiam jokki laamu haa kuudetaa konu ñalnde 15 lewru Yarkomaa 1966, addani Seneraal Major Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi laamu.[3] Lomtiiɗo mo, kolonel Emeka Ojukwu, riiwi Ibiam ɗoon e ɗoon e suudu laamu to Enugu. Caggal ɗuum, Emeka wonti hooreejo leydi Biafra ceertundi.<ref name="bio4">{{cite web|url=http://www.dacb.org/stories/nigeria/ibiam2_akanu.html|title=Ibiam, (Francis) Akanu|work=Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions|author=Gerald H. Anderson|publisher=W. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company|year=1998|accessdate=27 May 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908021402/http://www.dacb.org/stories/nigeria/ibiam2_akanu.html|archive-date=8 September 2017|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name="bio5">{{cite web|url=http://www.dacb.org/stories/nigeria/ibiam2_akanu.html|title=Ibiam, (Francis) Akanu|work=Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions|author=Gerald H. Anderson|publisher=W. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company|year=1998|accessdate=27 May 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908021402/http://www.dacb.org/stories/nigeria/ibiam2_akanu.html|archive-date=8 September 2017|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> == Hare nder leydi Naajeeriya == E nder wolde hakkunde leyɗeele Naajeeriya e hitaande 1967–1970, Ibiam walliri Biafranaaɓe no feewi, o walliri heɓde ballal rewrude e jokkondiral makko e eklesiya. Ko o gooto e hooreeɓe njeegomo Fedde Adunaare Eklesiyaaji (WCC), Ibiam haaliino e batu WCC to Uppsala, Suwed, e lewru sulyee 1968 ɗo caɗeele ballal mooliiɓe yeewtaa.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Anthony|date=2020-05-31|title=Sir Francis Akanu Ibiam: Advocate of better society|url=https://guardian.ng/features/sir-francis-akanu-ibiam-advocate-of-better-society/|access-date=2026-06-13|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-GB}}</ref> Mawɗo Bola Ige, jaagorgal Egliis diiwaan Afrik hirnaange ina tawtoraa kadi, o hollitii wonde innde « Biafra » ndee ina rewee e kuulal WCC, sibu ɗuum ina firta jaɓgol dowla oo. Kono Ibiam ina waɗi nafoore mawnde e ƴellitde ƴettugol weeyo jamma ngam wallitde Biafra. E hitaande 1969, o yahi leydi Kanadaa ngam dañde ballal e ballal yimɓe Biafra. Ibiam wartiri laamu maako, o woppi innde maako nde Engeleere, Francis, ngam o sedda ballal laamu Biritaniya dow ballal laamu lesdi Naajeeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Anthony|date=2020-05-31|title=Sir Francis Akanu Ibiam: Advocate of better society|url=https://guardian.ng/features/sir-francis-akanu-ibiam-advocate-of-better-society/|access-date=2026-06-13|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Anthony|date=2020-05-31|title=Sir Francis Akanu Ibiam: Advocate of better society|url=https://guardian.ng/features/sir-francis-akanu-ibiam-advocate-of-better-society/|access-date=2026-06-13|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Duuɓi caggal ɗuum == Caggal wolde ndee, Ibiam jokki golle mum e mahngo e sarwisaaji safrirde. Ibiam woni hooreejo kawtal Bibel lesdi Naajeeriya e kawtal nyawndiigu Kirista'en. O wonti hooreejo kawtal ekklesiyaaji Afrik fuu. Aeroport hakkunde leyɗeele Akanu Ibiam Ibiam maayi ko ñalnde 1 sulyee 1995. Ko ɓuri 20 000 neɗɗo tawtoraama wirwirnde makko to Unwana.<ref>{{cite book|page=[https://archive.org/details/struggleforseces0000nuak/page/12 12]|title=The Struggle For Secession, 1966–1970: A Personal Account of the Nigerian Civil War|url=https://archive.org/details/struggleforseces0000nuak|author=Ntieyong Udo Akpan|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=1976|isbn=0-7146-2949-9}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|page=[https://archive.org/details/struggleforseces0000nuak/page/12 12]|title=The Struggle For Secession, 1966–1970: A Personal Account of the Nigerian Civil War|url=https://archive.org/details/struggleforseces0000nuak|author=Ntieyong Udo Akpan|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=1976|isbn=0-7146-2949-9}}</ref> Aeroport hakkunde leyɗeele Akanu Ibiam, Enugu, Politeknik Fedde Akanu Ibiam, Unwana, Diiwaan Ebonyi, e Stade Francis Akanu Ibiam Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Naajeeriya, Nsukka ina inniree inɗe makko. == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol yimɓe Igbo Doggol yimɓe ummoriiɓe diiwaan Ebonyi [[Category:Stub]] jhi0trlcm1zooxk0zma53xtrtbgdjtu 0 13242 180981 103355 2026-08-04T23:57:25Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180981 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Alain Gomis Photo Call Félicité Berlinale 2017 02.jpg|thumb]]{{Databox}} '''Alain Gomis''' (jibinaa ko ñalnde 6 marse 1972) ko [[Farayse]]-Senegaalnaajo, gardinooɗo filmuuji, binndoowo. Film makko Félicité mo hitaande 2017 suɓaama ngam wonde filmo Senegaal ɓurɗo moƴƴude e ɗemngal jananal e nder njeenaaje 90 Oscar, waɗii doggol juutngol lewru Desammbar.<ref name="armes">{{cite book|title=Dictionary of African Filmmakers|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofafri0000arme|first=Roy|last=Armes|publisher=[[Indiana University Press]]|location=[[Bloomington, Indiana]]|year=2008|isbn=978-0253351166|page=[https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofafri0000arme/page/70 70]|oclc=177009058}}</ref><ref name="africine">{{cite web|url=http://www.africine.org/personne/alain-gomis/3207|title=Alain Gomis, Réalisateur/trice Producteur/trice Scénariste Monteur/se Dialoguiste|last=|first=|date=2020|website=africine.org|publisher=Fédération africaine de la critique cinématographique (FACC)|access-date=2023-12-01|quote=Il est né en 1972 en France, où il a grandi. Il vit et travaille entre Paris et Dakar. En 2013, son 3ème long-métrage, Tey ("Aujourd'hui"), avec Saul Williams, est sélectionné en compétition au 62ème Festival de Berlin, puis remporte l'Étalon d'Or du Fespaco (festival panafricain du cinéma), une première pour un film sénégalais.|language=fr}}</ref><ref name="Africultures">{{Cite web|url=https://africultures.com/personnes/?no=4410|title=Moussa Yoro Bathily|date=2019|access-date=2023-10-05|lang=French|website=africultures.com|publisher=Africultures. Les mondes en relation}}</ref><ref name="imdb">{{IMDb name|id=0327120|name=Alain Gomis}}</ref><ref name="africanfilmny">{{Cite web|url=https://africanfilmny.org/directors/alain-gomis/|website=africanfilmny.org|access-date=1 December 2023|title=Alain Gomis Biography France / Senegal|publisher=African Film Festival, Inc. (AFF)|location=New York|quote=Alain Gomis, born in France, is of Senegalese origin and studied cinematography at the Sorbonne. After graduating he organized and facilitated video production workshops for immigrant youth in Nanterre. By the age of twenty-six, he had already made three short films: Tourbillons, Tout le monde peut se tromper, and the documentary Caramels et chocolats. In 2001, Gomis directed his first feature film, L’Afrance. Gomis' 2012 film, Tey, was awarded the Etalon de Yenenga at FESPACO in 2012.}}</ref><ref name="AC">{{cite web|url=http://www.allocine.fr/personne/fichepersonne_gen_cpersonne=68411.html?nopub=1|title=Alain Gomis|work=Allocine|access-date=15 December 2017}}</ref><ref name="FT">{{cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/24293056-b7db-11e7-bff8-f9946607a6ba|title=Alain Gomis on Félicité and feeling like an immigrant everywhere|work=Financial Times|access-date=15 December 2017}}</ref> Filmuuji Gomis ina njeyaa heen: Hitaande Film Genre Duuɓi (min) 1999 Turbiyoŋaaji (Wiijo) Drama juutɗo[2][10] Gardiiɗo 12 m. 2001 Ko Gorko ([[Farayse]]: L'afrance) Fijirde daartol Gardiiɗo, binndoowo ekran 90 m. 2003 Petite Lumière Drama juutɗo Gardiiɗo, winndiyanke ekran 15 m. 2007 Andalusia Komedi fijirde Gardiiɗo, winndiyanke ekran 85 m. 2012 Hannde ([[Farayse]]: Aujourd’hui, Wolof: Tey) Feere fijirde Gardiiɗo, binndoowo ekran 88 m. 2017 Félicité Gardiiɗo filmo, winndiyanke ekran 123 m. 2022 Rewrude e fiyde Dokimaa jimɗi dow Thelonious Monk Gardiiɗo 65 m. === Tuugnorgal === [[Category:Stub]] 1y8ig9esvp3r03fenj14cklx31wyogz 0 15068 181074 85171 2026-08-05T01:51:43Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181074 wikitext text/x-wiki Abduu Sidikou (1927 – 26 sulyee 1973)ko dawruyanke e dipolomaat Niiseernaajo. Sidikou ko jaagorgal caggal leydi Nijeer tuggi 1967 haa 1970 e gardagol Hamani Dior.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GFFjEMjKrWkC&dq=Abdou+Sidikou+26+July+1973&pg=PA403|title=Historical Dictionary of Niger|isbn=9780810870901|last1=Idrissa|first1=Abdourahmane|last2=Decalo|first2=Samuel|date=June 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://rulers.org/indexs3.html|title=Index Sh-Sl}}</ref> was a [[Niger|Nigerien]] politician and diplomat. Sidikou was the [[Foreign Minister of Niger]] from 1967 to 1970 under [[Hamani Diori]].<ref name="Decalo1997">He was a member of the ruling [[PPN-RDA]] party.{{Cite book|last=Decalo|first=Samuel|title=Historical Dictionary of the Niger (3rd ed.)|url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000deca_g1o4|publisher=Scarecrow Press|location=Boston & Folkestone|year=1997|isbn=0-8108-3136-8}}{{rp|pp. 16–17}}</ref> == Ɓiɗɗo == Abdou - innde maako - jibinaa ko Kouré, Niger nder 1927. Ha nder laamu koloniyaal Farayse o ɓiɗɗo ardiiɗo leydi, ko ''Chef du Canton'', o janngini e École normale supérieure William Ponty to Dakar, caggal ɗum o jannginii Fedde Fedde Fuuta to [[Pari]], o jaɓi jaŋde e hitaande 1956, o golli ardiiɗo to Daawoo Seine to Paris, caggal ɗuum o laati ardiiɗo Farmasiki to Daawoore National (Niamey) == Kuugal laamu == E hitaande 1959, Abdou toɗɗaa gardiiɗo kabine to jaagorde cellal Niiseer gadane Diallo Boubakar,e hitaande 1962 o toɗɗaa ammbasadeer Niiseer to leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik, Kanadaa, e Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe. E hitaande 1964 o ummii Almaañ, o woni toon ammbasadeer Niiseer to Almaañ hirnaange, Otiris, leƴƴi Benelux e Skandinaavi, e Dental Faggudu Orop. O woni Koolaaɗo kuuɓal jaagorgal geɗe caggal leydi to Niamey, ñalnde 14 abriil 1967, o heɓti jaagorgal ngal e juuɗe hooreejo leydi Hamani Diori. Sabu cellal makko, o toɗɗaa "Secrétaire d'État to le Président" e lewru Yarkomaa 1970, e oon sahaa ko posto to bannge kabine. O sankii ko ñalnde 26 sulyee 1973. [[Category:Politician]] 79g35tmwm72pkb5kgzwlxi9pvojg3jy 0 15078 180946 85244 2026-08-04T23:20:25Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180946 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ide Oumarou''' (1937 – 12 feebariyee 2002) ko dipolomaasi, jaagorgal laamu, jaayndiyanke Niiseernaajo. O woniino ammbasadeer to Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe hakkunde 1980 e 1983. Caggal ɗuum o wonii jaagorgal caggal leydi hakkunde 1983 e 1985, o wonii kadi koolaaɗo kuuɓal Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe hakkunde 1985 e 1988. O janngi ko e Ecole William Ponty to Dakaar e IHEOM to Pari. O woniino gardiiɗo e jaayndiyanke to ministeer kumpital Niiseer, o woniino gardiiɗo jaaynde laamu wiyeteende Le Niger tuggi 1961 haa 1963. O wonii gardiiɗo mawɗo kumpital tuggi 1963 haa 1972, caggal ɗuum o woni gardiiɗo Posto e telefoŋaaji wonande ministeer oo. Caggal kuudetaa Niiseer e hitaande 1974, o wonti hooreejo kabine e balloowo hooreejo leydi militeer Seyni Kountche, o wonti jaagorgal teeŋtungal.<ref name="Decalo1997">{{Cite book|last=Decalo|first=Samuel|title=Historical Dictionary of the Niger (3rd ed.)|url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000deca_g1o4|publisher=Scarecrow Press|location=Boston & Folkestone|year=1997|isbn=0-8108-3136-8}}{{rp|237}}</ref> Nder lewru Yuli 1988, Oumarou wondi mo suɓaa ngam huuwugo koode ɗiɗaɓere bana Senegaalɗo OAU, amma o maayi to Salim Salim mo Tansaaniya. Caggal maayde Kountche, Oumarou laati laamuɗo cabinet to hooreejo keso, Jeneraal Ali Saibou, mo suɓii mo Minista Dowla mo walaa jaaynde.<ref name="Decalo1997" /> Kadi mawɗo marɗo, deftere Oumarou arande, nde wi'etee ''Gros Plan'', heɓi ko ''Grand Prix Litteraire d'Afrique Francaise'' 1978. <ref name="Decalo1997" /> == Firooji == h2a8dv5dybhbl58yrutemb2zvgmuwwg 0 16585 180846 108123 2026-08-04T21:29:34Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180846 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Wojere''' ko woojere do'u daabaaji tokoosi e nder galle Leporidae (ina jeyaa heen kadi mborosaaji), tawi ina jeyaa e doggol Lagomorpha (ina heen kadi pikas). Mbaroodi Yuroopu, Oryctolagus cuniculus woni iwdi teemedde mbaydiiji mbaroodi galleeji e nder winndere ndee. Sylvilagus ina waɗi lambaare 13 sifaa mboros ladde, ina heen sifaaji jeeɗiɗi cotton. Mbaroodi [[Yuroopu]], ndi naatnaa e kala duunde so wonaa Antarktik, ina anndaa e winndere ndee kala, ko daabaaji ladde, ko sifaa jawdi ndariindi e jawdi ndariindi. E batte mum yaajɗe e ekolooji e pine, e nder nokkuuji keewɗi e winndere ndee, mboros oo ina jeyaa e ko ɓuri heewde e nguurndam – ko nguura, ko ɓoornateeri, ko sehil, ko ƴoƴre Rawaaji ko dental parafiletik, ɗi ngonaa klade, sibu hares ina njibina e nder klade Leporidae, ɗi ngonaa e nder rabbi. Hay so tawii noon ko adii ɗuum ina cikka ko ɓowɗi, lagomorf en ina ceerti ko adii ɗuum, ina njogii sifaaji keewɗi ɗi ɓowɗi ngalaa, ina heen kadi ƴiye ɗiɗi ɓeydooje. == '''Terminoloji e etimoloji''' == Mbaroodi gorko ina wiyee buuba; debbo wiyetee ko doe. Helmere ɓooynde ngam ɓoccoonde mawnde huutorteende haa e teeminannde 18th ko coney (ina ummii e ɗemngal Latin cuniculus), tawi noon ɓoccoonde meeɗiino wiyde tan ko daabaaji tokoosi.<ref name="EtymRabbit">{{OEtymD|rabbit|accessdate=2024-09-17}}</ref> Helmere woɗnde ngam ɓiɗɓe leɗɗe ko bunny, hay so tawii noon ndee helmere ina heewi huutoreede e nder njuɓɓudi (haa teeŋti e sukaaɓe) e ɓowɗi keewɗi, haa teeŋti noon e ɓowɗi galleeji.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Zapletal|first1=D.|last2=Švancarová|first2=D.|last3=Gálik|first3=B.|year=2021|title=Growth of suckled rabbit kits depending on litter size at birth|journal=Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica|volume=24|issue=1|pages=55–59|doi=10.15414/afz.2021.24.01.55-59|doi-access=free|issn=1335-258X}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Booth|first1=J.L.|last2=Peng|first2=X.|last3=Baccon|first3=J.|last4=Cooper|first4=T.K.|year=2013|title=Multiple complex congenital malformations in a rabbit kit (Oryctolagus cuniculi)|journal=Comparative Medicine|volume=63|issue=4|pages=342–347|pmc=3750670|pmid=24209970}}</ref> Ko ɓuri jooni, helmere kit walla kitten ina huutoree ngam wiyde ɓiɗɗo mboddi. Fedde ɓowɗi ina anndiree koloñaal walla ɓuuɓri (walla, sahaa e sahaa fof, warren, hay so tawii noon ɗum ɓuri heewde firtude ko ɗo ɓowɗi ɗii nguuri).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ojohaven.com/collectives|title=The Collective Noun Page|access-date=2008-01-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080201105020/http://www.ojohaven.com/collectives/|archive-date=1 February 2008|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Fedde ɓiɗɓe ɓowɗi jibinaaɗi e jibinannde wootere ina wiyee liɗɗi<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.merckvetmanual.com/all-other-pets/rabbits/breeding-and-reproduction-of-rabbits|title=Breeding and Reproduction of Rabbits|last=McClure|first=Diane|year=2018|website=Merck Veterinary Manual|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180106120335/https://www.merckvetmanual.com/all-other-pets/rabbits/breeding-and-reproduction-of-rabbits|archive-date=6 January 2018|url-status=live|access-date=5 January 2018|df=dmy-all}}</ref> e fedde ɓiɗɓe leɗɗe galleeji jooɗiiɓe ina wiyee sahaa e sahaa fof ɓiɗɓe leɗɗe.<ref name="usgs">{{cite web|url=http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/about/faqs/animals/names.htm|title=Common Questions: What Do You Call a Group of...?|work=archived copy of Animal Congregations, or What Do You Call a Group of.....?|publisher=U.S. Geological Survey Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150320071411/http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/about/faqs/animals/names.htm|archive-date=20 March 2015|url-status=dead|access-date=26 February 2018}}</ref> Konngol rabbit ngol e hoore mum ummii ko e ɗemngal Engele hakkundeewal rabet, ko ngal ƴettugol e ɗemngal Walloon robète, ngal wonnoo ko diminutif e Farayse walla Holanndee hakkundeejo robbe.<ref>{{Citation|last=Korth|first=William W.|title=Classification of Rodents|date=1994|work=The Tertiary Record of Rodents in North America|series=Topics in Geobiology|volume=12|pages=27–34|editor-last=|editor-first=|url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4899-1444-6_4|access-date=2024-09-16|place=Boston, MA|publisher=Springer US|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-1-4899-1444-6_4|isbn=978-1-4899-1444-6}}</ref> == Taxonomy == Ko adii ɗuum, ɓowɗi e mborosaaji ina limtee e doggol Rodentia (rodent) haa hitaande 1912, nde ɓe ngartiraa e doggol kesol, hono Lagomorpha (ina heen kadi pikas). Les ɗo, yoga e leƴƴi e sifaaji mboros oo. Ɓoornugol tokosol, ɓuuɓngol, ɓuuɓngol, ngol noppi mum ina tiiɗi, ina jooɗii e leydi hakkunde ƴiye maayɗe. === Koɗki === [[File:Rabbit bunny.jpg|thumb|Ɓoornugol mbabba]]Rawaandu ina ɓooyi wonde koɗorɗe. Mbaroodi Yuroopu ina yaaji e nder jawdi, fuɗɗoraade e Rome ɓooyɗo. Jibinannde cuɓaande, fuɗɗiinde e yontaaji hakkundeeji, jibinii jibinanndeeji keewɗi, ɗi heewɓe (gila e fuɗɗoode teeminannde 19ɓiire) ina njogii kadi ko wayi no jawdi ndariindi.[9] Won e mbaydiiji mborosaaji njibinaama teeŋti noon e fannuuji wiɗto.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Mapara|first1=M.|last2=Thomas|first2=B.|last3=Bhat|first3=K.|date=2012|title=Rabbit as an animal model for experimental research|journal=Dental Research Journal|volume=9|issue=1|pages=111–8|doi=10.4103/1735-3327.92960|doi-broken-date=1 November 2024|pmc=3283968|pmid=22363373|quote=Amongst various strains, New Zealand white strains of rabbits are commonly being used for research activities. These strains are less aggressive in nature and have less health problems as compared with other breeds.|doi-access=free}}</ref> Ko jawdi, ɓowɗi ina njibina kosam mum en e ƴiye mum en. Jibinanndeeji gadani ɗii ko ɓuuɓri kosam teeŋtundi, ko ɗum waɗi ɗi ɓuri mawnude e ɓowɗi ladde, kono ɓowɗi galleeji e jamaanu hannde oo ina mbaɗi mawneeki gila e ɓuuɓri haa e ɓuuɓri mawndi.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Julie Kimber|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JWpODwAAQBAJ&pg=PA10|title=Issues on War and Peace|author2=Phillip Deery|author3=Warwick Eather|author4=Drew Cottle|author5=Michael Hamel-Green|author6=Nic Maclelland|author7=Doris LeRoy|author8=Jeanette Debney-Joyce|author9=Jonathan Strauss|date=2014|publisher=Australian Society for the Study of Labour History/Leftbank Press|isbn=978-0-9803883-3-6|page=10|author10=David Faber}}</ref><ref name="meatsci">{{Cite journal|author1=Marco Cullere|author2=Antonella Dalle Zotte|date=2018|title=Rabbit meat production and consumption: State of knowledge and future perspectives|journal=Meat Science|volume=143|pages=137–146|doi=10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.04.029|pmid=29751220}}</ref> Fuuɗngo mboɗeeri, teddungo sabu softeende mum, ina tawee e mbaydiiji coftal ɓalli e mbaydiiji keewɗi, kam e njuuteendi.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Tislerics|first=Ati|title=''Oryctolagus cuniculus''|url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Oryctolagus_cuniculus/#3a0538fe6c2441bc4dad900e89213ec7|access-date=May 21, 2024|website=Animal Diversity Web}}</ref><ref name="Fiorello">{{cite journal|last1=Fiorello|first1=Christine V.|last2=German|first2=R.Z.|date=February 1997|title=Heterochrony within species: craniofacial growth in giant, standard, and dwarf rabbits|journal=Evolution|volume=51|issue=1|pages=250–261|doi=10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb02406.x|pmid=28568789|s2cid=205780205|doi-access=free}}</ref> Yeru, iwdi ɓowɗi Angora, ƴellitaama sabu ɓuuɓri mum juutndi, silki, ndi heewi ɓuuɓneede ko e juuɗe ngam waɗtude ɗum ɓuuɓri. Jibinanndeeji goɗɗi gonɗi e nder galleeji ɗii, ko adii fof ko ngam njulaagu ƴiye, ina heen Rex, jogiiɗo wuttulo juutngo.<ref name="Angora Wool Production">{{Citation|last1=Samson|first1=Leslie|title=Angora Wool Production|date=2022-05-11|work=Rabbit Production|pages=292–302|url=http://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/10.1079/9781789249811.0022|access-date=2024-05-26|edition=10|place=GB|publisher=CABI|language=en|doi=10.1079/9781789249811.0022|isbn=978-1-78924-978-1|url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Biyoloji == [[File:Set_of_wax_models_showing_development_of_the_rabbit_heart,_twentieth_century_(24226156252).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Set_of_wax_models_showing_development_of_the_rabbit_heart,_twentieth_century_(24226156252).jpg|left|thumb|Wax models showing the development of the rabbit heart]] Sabu epiglottis ɓoccoonde ina golloroo e dow ɓuuɓri softundi so wonaa nde ɓuuɓnata, ɓoccoonde ko fooftere nofru farliinde.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Asher|first1=RJ|last2=Meng|first2=J|last3=Wible|first3=JR|last4=McKenna|first4=MC|last5=Rougier|first5=GW|last6=Dashzeveg|first6=D|last7=Novacek|first7=MJ|title=Stem Lagomorpha and the antiquity of Glires|journal=Science|date=February 18, 2005|volume=307|issue=5712|pages=1091–4|doi=10.1126/science.1107808|pmid=15718468|bibcode=2005Sci...307.1091A}}</ref> Rawaandu ina jogii dente ɗiɗi ɓutte, heen gootel ina woni caggal goɗɗo oo. Ko noon ɗe mbaawirta seertude e mborosaaji, ɗi keewi jiiɓrude.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Johnson-Delaney|first1=CA|last2=Orosz|first2=SE|title=Rabbit respiratory system: clinical anatomy, physiology and disease|journal=Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract|date=May 2011|volume=14|issue=2|pages=257–66|doi=10.1016/j.cvex.2011.03.002|pmid=21601814}}</ref> Seerndi ɗum kadi ko wonande ɓowɗi, dente mum en fof ina njokki mawnude, ɗo ko ɓuri heewde e ɓowɗi ɗii, ko ƴiye mum en tan njokki mawnude. Carl Linnaeus fuɗɗiima renndinde ɓowɗi e mborosaaji e les njiimaandi Glires; caggal mum, ɗe ceerti ko no nanondiral ganndal nii, ko heewi e nanndugol majji ko batte ƴellitaare kawrital. Ko ɓooyaani koo, wiɗtooji ADN e yiytude iwdi gooto ina mballita e miijo wonde ɓe ngoni ko e leñol gootol, ko ɗum waɗi hannde, ɓowɗi e mborosaaji ina keewi renndinde e nder njuɓɓudi ɓurndi heewde Glires.<ref name="VellaDonnelly">{{Cite book|editor-first1=Katherine|editor-last1=Quesenberry|editor-first2=Connie J.|editor-last2=Orcutt|editor-first3=Christoph|editor-last3=Mans|editor-first4=James W.|editor-last4=Carpenter|title=Ferrets, Rabbits, and Rodents: Clinical Medicine and Surgery|edition=4th|date=2020|chapter=Basic Anatomy, Physiology, and Husbandry of Rabbits|pages=131–149|first1=Thomas M.|last1=Donnelly|first2=David|last2=Vella|doi=10.1016/B978-0-323-48435-0.00011-3|isbn=978-0-323-48435-0}}</ref><ref name="Kriegs">{{Cite journal|last1=Kriegs|first1=JO|last2=Churakov|first2=G|last3=Jurka|first3=J|last4=Brosius|first4=J|last5=Schmitz|first5=J|title=Evolutionary history of 7SL RNA-derived SINEs in Supraprimates|journal=Trends in Genetics|volume=23|issue=4|pages=158–61|date=April 2007|pmid=17307271|doi=10.1016/j.tig.2007.02.002}}</ref> === Morfolooji === [[File:Wild_black_Oryctologus_cuniculus.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wild_black_Oryctologus_cuniculus.jpg|thumb|[[:en:Melanism|melanistik]] Koloor <small>''Oryctologus cuniculus''</small> <small>wojere Yuroopu (ladde)</small> ]] [[File:Cmglee_Horniman_rabbit_skin_skeleton.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cmglee_Horniman_rabbit_skin_skeleton.jpg|left|thumb|Kosam mboɗejam]] Nde tawnoo njaaweeki e ƴoƴre ko kañum en ɓuri waawde reentaade ɓowɗi e mborosaaji (ina heen ɓowɗi jaawɗi), ɓowɗi ina njogii ƴiye koyɗe caggal mawɗe e ƴiye ƴellitiiɗe no feewi.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Hall|first1=Patrick|last2=Stubbs|first2=Caleb|last3=Anderson|first3=David E.|last4=Greenacre|first4=Cheryl|last5=Crouch|first5=Dustin L.|date=2022-06-17|title=Rabbit hindlimb kinematics and ground contact kinetics during the stance phase of gait|journal=PeerJ|language=en|volume=10|pages=e13611|doi=10.7717/peerj.13611|doi-access=free|issn=2167-8359|pmc=9208372|pmid=35734635}}</ref> Hay so tawii ko plantigrade e fooftere, ɓowɗi ina ngondi e koyɗe mum en ina ndoga, ina cikka ko ɓuri digitigrade. Ɓowɗi ina kuutoroo ƴiye mum en tiiɗɗe ngam ɓuuɓnude e (e wondude e ƴiye mum en) ngam faabaade.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=d'Ovidio|first1=Dario|last2=Pierantoni|first2=Ludovica|last3=Noviello|first3=Emilio|last4=Pirrone|first4=Federica|title=Sex differences in human-directed social behavior in pet rabbits|journal=Journal of Veterinary Behavior|date=September 2016|volume=15|pages=37–42|doi=10.1016/j.jveb.2016.08.072}}</ref> Koyngal yeeso kala ina jogii koppi nay ina ɓeydoo heen ɓuuɓri. Koyngal caggal kala ina jogii koppi nay (kono alaa koppi).<ref name="van Praag">{{cite web|last1=van Praag|first1=Esther|year=2005|title=Deformed claws in a rabbit, after traumatic fractures|url=http://www.medirabbit.com/EN/Bone_diseases/Anomalies/Nail_kas_en.pdf|publisher=MediRabbit}}</ref> Ko ɓuri heewde e ɓowɗi ladde (haa teeŋti noon so yerondiraama e ɓowɗi) ina njogii ɓalli keewɗi, nannduɗi e egguuji. Koɗorɗe softuɗe mboɗeeri ladde ko agouti e mbaydi (walla, seeɗa, melanistik), ko ɗum wallitata e kammu. Wuddere ɓoccoonde ndee (so wonaa ɓiɗngel ngel) ina ɓalee dow, ina danee les. Koɗorɗe ina njogii daneeji e dow wutteeji mum en.<ref name="VellaDonnelly2">{{Cite book|editor-first1=Katherine|editor-last1=Quesenberry|editor-first2=Connie J.|editor-last2=Orcutt|editor-first3=Christoph|editor-last3=Mans|editor-first4=James W.|editor-last4=Carpenter|title=Ferrets, Rabbits, and Rodents: Clinical Medicine and Surgery|edition=4th|date=2020|chapter=Basic Anatomy, Physiology, and Husbandry of Rabbits|pages=131–149|first1=Thomas M.|last1=Donnelly|first2=David|last2=Vella|doi=10.1016/B978-0-323-48435-0.00011-3|isbn=978-0-323-48435-0}}</ref> Ngam darnde gite e nder ɓalndu mum, mboros oo ina jogii fannu yiytere ina hawra e fotde 360 ​​degere, tawa ina waɗi tan ko ɓuuɓri tokosiri to ponto nofru.<ref>{{Citation|last1=Peiffer|first1=Robert L.|title=Models in Ophthalmology and Vision Research|date=1994|journal=The Biology of the Laboratory Rabbit|pages=409–433|publisher=Elsevier|language=en|doi=10.1016/b978-0-12-469235-0.50025-7|isbn=978-0-12-469235-0|pmc=7149682|last2=Pohm-Thorsen|first2=Laurie|last3=Corcoran|first3=Kelly}}</ref> === Elemenji terɗe caggal === [[File:Rabbit_hind_limb_skeleton.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rabbit_hind_limb_skeleton.jpg|left|thumb|Eɓɓoore artikulaasiyoŋ ƴiye ƴiye caggal ɓowɗi e nder defterdu taariindi tagoore to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Pasifik Lutheran]] Anatomiiji terɗe caggal mboɗeeje ina nanndi e mbaydiiji daabaaji goɗɗi, ina wallita e mbaadiiji mum en keertiiɗi. Kosam ɗam caggal ina waɗi kosam juutɗam (femur, tibia, fibula, e phalanges) kam e kosam juutɗam (tarsal). Ɗeeɗoo ƴiye ina tagaa e ƴiye endokonndral e nder ƴellitaare. Hono no ko ɓuri heewde e daabaaji leydi nii, hoore cirƴaande ndee ina jokkondiri e asetabulum os coxae. Feccere ndee ina jokkondiri e ƴiye, kono wonaa fibula, ko kañum jokkondiri e ƴiye. Tibia e fibula ina jokkondiri e tarsal pes, ko ɓuri heewde wiyeede ko koyngal. Terɗe mbaroodi caggal ɓuri juutde e terɗe yeeso ɗee. Ɗuum ina addana ɓe feewnude mbaadi maɓɓe hopping locomotion. Terɗe caggal ɓurɗe juutde ɓuri waawde feewnude jaawle ɓurɗe yaawde. Hares, jogiiɗe koyɗe ɓurɗe juutde e ɓowɗi cottontail, ina mbaawi yahde no feewi.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/practicalanatom00bensgoog|page=[https://archive.org/details/practicalanatom00bensgoog/page/n5 1]|quote=rabbit skeletal anatomy.|title=Practical anatomy of the rabbit|last=Bensley|first=Benjamin Arthur|date=1910|publisher=The University Press}}</ref> Rawaandu ina jooɗii tan e koyɗe mum so ina diwa; ɗum woni ko wiyetee diƴƴe dijital. Koye caggal ɗee ina njogii koppi nay juutɗi baawɗi waɗde ɗum, ina mbaɗi kadi ɓuuɓri ngam haɗde ɗi sarde so ina njuppa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.merckvetmanual.com/all-other-pets/rabbits/description-and-physical-characteristics-of-rabbits#v34404688|title=Description and Physical Characteristics of Rabbits – All Other Pets – Merck Veterinary Manual|work=Merck Veterinary Manual|access-date=2018-05-11}}</ref> Rawaandu ngalaa paddorɗe e koyɗe mum no ko ɓuri heewde e daabaaji goɗɗi kuutortooɗi locomotion digitigrade nii. E nder heen, eɗe njogii ƴiye ɓutte ɗe ina ndokka ndeenka.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.exoticpetvet.net/smanimal/rabanatomy.html|title=Rabbit Anatomy|last=D.A.B.V.P.|first=Margaret A. Wissman, D.V.M.|website=exoticpetvet.net|access-date=2018-05-11}}</ref> === Kosam === [[File:Lateral_view_of_rabbit_hind_limb.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lateral_view_of_rabbit_hind_limb.jpg|thumb|Tergal caggal wojere (yiyngo bannge) ina waɗi ƴiye jokkondirɗe e ƴiye gonɗe e ƴiye.]] Rawaandu ina jogii koyɗe caggal ɓutte, baawɗe rokkude doole ɓurɗe heewde, e yaawde, e yaawde, ɗe peccii ko e pecce tati mawɗe: koyngal, koyngal, e koyngal. Terɗe caggal mbabba ko sifaa ɓurɗo heewde.<ref name=":6">{{Cite book|last1=Lumpkin|first1=Susan|last2=Seidensticker|first2=John|date=2011|title=Rabbits: the animal answer guide|url=https://archive.org/details/rabbitsanimalans0000lump|publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press|isbn=978-1-4214-0126-3|location=Baltimore|oclc=794700391}}</ref> Ɗi ɓuri juutde e terɗe yeeso ɗee, ina ndokka doole ɓurɗe heewde. Ɓowɗi ina ndoga e koyɗe mum en ngam heɓde yahdu ɓurndu moƴƴude e nder dille.<ref name=":7">{{Citation|last1=Khan|first1=Madiha|title=Lagomorpha Locomotion|date=2021|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior|pages=1–6|editor-last=Vonk|editor-first=Jennifer|url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_1199-1|access-date=2024-10-08|place=Cham|publisher=Springer International Publishing|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_1199-1|isbn=978-3-319-47829-6|last2=Suh|first2=Angela|last3=Lee|first3=Jenny|last4=Granatosky|first4=Michael C.|editor2-last=Shackelford|editor2-first=Todd|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Doole ɗe terɗe caggal ɗee njaltina ɗee ina mballita e anatomiiji gonɗi e nder ɓalndu fusiyoŋ tibia e fibula, e sifaaji ƴiye.<ref name=":62">{{Cite book|last1=Lumpkin|first1=Susan|last2=Seidensticker|first2=John|date=2011|title=Rabbits: the animal answer guide|url=https://archive.org/details/rabbitsanimalans0000lump|publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press|isbn=978-1-4214-0126-3|location=Baltimore|oclc=794700391}}</ref> Kosam e ittugol ƴiye, to bannge cellal, ina jokkondiri no feewi e ƴiye terɗe caggal. Doggol golle ummoraade e ƴiye ina addana doole ɗe ndeen renndintee e nder ƴiye ƴiye. Ɓowɗi ɗi ngalaa doole, ɗi ngalaa semmbe e ƴiye, ɓuri waawde heɓde osteoporosis sabu ŋakkeende ƴiye.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Geiser|first1=Max|last2=Trueta|first2=Joseph|title=Muscle action, bone rarefaction and bone formation|journal=The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume|date=May 1958|volume=40-B|issue=2|pages=282–311|doi=10.1302/0301-620X.40B2.282|pmid=13539115|doi-access=free}}</ref> E nder ɓowɗi, so fiɓnde ina ɓeydoo heewde e ɓalndu, ina ɓeydoo waawde haɓaade tampere. Yeru, hareeji ina njogii semmbe ɓurɗo mawnude e ɓuuɓri, ɓuri cottontails. Ɓowɗi terɗe caggal mbabba ina mbaawi renndinde cate nay mawɗe : ƴiye ƴiye, ƴiye nayi, ƴiye ɓalndu, walla ƴiye ƴiye. Ko ƴiye quadriceps ngoni kalfinaaɓe peewnugol doole so ina diwa. Ko timminirta ɗeen ƴiye ko ƴiye, ballooje e bursiiji juutɗi golle. Ɗeeɗoo ƴiye ina njuɓɓina hakkunde mum en no ƴiye plantar e dorsiflexors nii, ina mballita e jibinannde e golle jowitiiɗe e doole.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Lieber|first1=Richard L.|last2=Blevins|first2=Field T.|title=Skeletal muscle architecture of the rabbit hindlimb: Functional implications of muscle design|journal=Journal of Morphology|date=January 1989|volume=199|issue=1|pages=93–101|doi=10.1002/jmor.1051990108|pmid=2921772|s2cid=25344889}}</ref> == Nate == <gallery widths="180" heights="200" class="center"> File:Syrischer_Maler_von_1354_001.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Syrischer_Maler_von_1354_001.jpg|''Rabbit fools Elephant by showing the reflection of the moon''. Illustration (from 1354) of the ''[[:en:Panchatantra|Panchatantra]]'' File:Blason_ville_fr_Corbenay_(Haute-Saône).svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Blason_ville_fr_Corbenay_(Haute-Sa%C3%B4ne).svg|"[[:en:Three_hares|Three rabbits]]" motif, [[:en:Coat_of_arms|Coat of arms]] of [[:en:Corbenay|Corbenay]], France File:Taddeo_Crivelli_(Italian,_died_about_1479,_active_about_1451_-_1479)_-_Saint_Jerome_in_the_Desert_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Taddeo_Crivelli_(Italian,_died_about_1479,_active_about_1451_-_1479)_-_Saint_Jerome_in_the_Desert_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|''Saint Jerome in the Desert'', by [[:en:Taddeo_Crivelli|Taddeo Crivelli]] (died about 1479) </gallery> == Ekoloji == Rawaandu ko daabaaji ƴaañiiɗi, ko ɗum waɗi ina anndi ko woni e mum koo sahaa kala. Yeru, e nder Yuroopu Mediteraane, ko mborosaaji ɓuri heewde e mborosaaji boɗeeji, mborosaaji, e mborosaaji Iberi.<ref>{{cite journal|author1=Fedriani, J. M.|author2=Palomares, F.|author3=Delibes, M.|year=1999|title=Niche relations among three sympatric Mediterranean carnivores|jstor=4222449|journal=Oecologia|volume=121|issue=1|pages=138–148|url=http://www.uam.es/personal_pdi/ciencias/jonate/Ecologia/Tema%2023/Fedriani.pdf|doi=10.1007/s004420050915|pmid=28307883|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304190836/http://www.uam.es/personal_pdi/ciencias/jonate/Ecologia/Tema%2023/Fedriani.pdf|archive-date=4 March 2016|df=dmy-all|citeseerx=10.1.1.587.7215|bibcode=1999Oecol.121..138F|s2cid=39202154}}</ref> So tawii ina hawra e kulhuli potɗi arde, mboddi ina waawi ɓuuɓde e ƴeewde ndeen jeertina woɗɓe e nder warngooji ɗii e ɓuuɓri doole e dow leydi. Rabbit ina jogii fannu yiytere yaajnde no feewi, tee ko heewi e mayre ina huutoree e ƴeewndo dow.<ref name="Tynes">{{Cite book|last=Tynes|first=Valarie V.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kPFW95tjKpQC&pg=PA70|pages=70–73|title=Behavior of Exotic Pets|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506173801/https://books.google.com/books?id=kPFW95tjKpQC&lpg=PA70|archive-date=6 May 2016|publisher=Wiley Blackwell|year=2010|isbn=978-0-8138-0078-3|url-status=live}}</ref> Yitere mbaroodi alaa fovea, kono ko "streak visuel", woni doggol gonngol e hakkunde retina ngol densité cellal rod e cone fof ɓuri toowde. Ɗuum ina addana ɓe ƴeewde tagofeere nde tawa hoore ndee ina wirnoo seeɗa.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Bringmann|first1=Andreas|last2=Syrbe|first2=Steffen|last3=Görner|first3=Katja|last4=Kacza|first4=Johannes|last5=Francke|first5=Mike|last6=Wiedemann|first6=Peter|last7=Reichenbach|first7=Andreas|date=2018-09-01|title=The primate fovea: Structure, function and development|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350946217301167|journal=Progress in Retinal and Eye Research|volume=66|pages=49–84|doi=10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.03.006|pmid=29609042|issn=1350-9462|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lavaud|first1=Arnold|last2=Soukup|first2=Petr|last3=Martin|first3=Louise|last4=Hartnack|first4=Sonja|last5=Pot|first5=Simon|date=2020-04-23|title=Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Awake Rabbits Allows Identification of the Visual Streak, a Comparison with Histology|url=https://tvst.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2765151|journal=Translational Vision Science & Technology|language=en|volume=9|issue=5|pages=13|doi=10.1167/tvst.9.5.13|issn=2164-2591|pmc=7401941|pmid=32821485}}</ref> Dowla (yumma) ina anndi ina yaltina uurngol baawngol daɗndude jawdi, ɗum noon maa o woɗɗondir e ɓuuɓri ngam waasde waɗde kitte (ɓiɗɓe) e nder baasal, o artira ɓuuɓri ndii laabi seeɗa tan e ñalawma ngam ñamminde kitte ɗee.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Davis|first1=Susan E.|last2=DeMello|first2=Margo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZCS5yfJ7NAEC&pg=PA27|title=Stories Rabbits Tell: A Natural And Cultural History of A Misunderstood Creature|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506182606/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZCS5yfJ7NAEC&lpg=PA27|archive-date=6 May 2016|publisher=Lantern Books|year=2003|page=27|isbn=978-1-59056-044-0|url-status=live}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == {{Reflist}} glyshsnwmoftsxkfvfwfb270e2hho2k 0 16874 181168 80594 2026-08-05T03:25:48Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181168 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Edward Tyover Anyamkyegh''' (jibinaa ko ñalnde 10 lewru Noowammbar 1978) ko neɗɗo Naajeeriya, gonnooɗo ƴaañoowo fuku koyɗe, o fijiraa ko yeeso.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Plantagenets: The Warrior Kings and Queens Who Made England|url=https://archive.org/details/plantagenetswarr0000jone_b8r9|first1=Dan|last1=Jones|author-link=Dan Jones (writer)|date=March 25, 2014|publisher=Penguin Books|isbn=978-0143124924|page=[https://archive.org/details/plantagenetswarr0000jone_b8r9/page/243 241]}}</ref> Anyamkyegh fiyiino e FC Sheriff Tiraspol, FC Karpaty Lviv e Kuopion Palloseura e nder diwanuuji ɓurɗi mawnude e nder leydi Moldavi, Ukrain e Finlande e hitaande 1999-2005. Anyamkyegh timmini golle mum e lomtaade feddeeji keewɗi e nder diwanuuji lesɗi Finlande e hitaande 2007–2011.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Plantagenets: The Warrior Kings and Queens Who Made England|url=https://archive.org/details/plantagenetswarr0000jone_b8r9|first1=Dan|last1=Jones|author-link=Dan Jones (writer)|date=March 25, 2014|publisher=Penguin Books|isbn=978-0143124924|pages=[https://archive.org/details/plantagenetswarr0000jone_b8r9/page/243 241]–242}}</ref> O jeyaa kadi e fedde Naajeeriya e nder kawgel fuku winndere 1995 U-17 o waɗii golle ɗiɗi e nder kawgel ngel. Deftere 2004 nde Franklin Foer winndi, hono no fuku koyɗe faamnirta aduna, ina waɗi tonngoode caggal golle Anyamkyegh to Ukraine. Tuugnorgal "Taariindi Edward Anyamkyegh". lowe.google.com. "14. Eduard Anyamkiyeg" (e ɗemngal Finlande). Atlantis FC. 2011. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 4 sulyee 2021. "Kaɓirgal winnderewal FIFA U-17 Ecoppi 1995". FIFA. Keɓtinaama ñalnde 4 sulyee 2021. "Yiytude ko fuku koyɗe haalata en e winndereyankaagal". Jaaynde Chicago. 25 sulyee 2004. Ƴeewtaa ko 4 sulyee 2021. Jokkondire yaajɗe Edward Anyamkiyeg to nokku fuku koyɗe 2chwgropq8gzdyow8vp6xwpbfbi2gz6 0 17121 181167 79455 2026-08-05T03:24:09Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181167 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nana Oti Akenten''' (laamiiɗo gila 1630 – 1660) ko laamɗo leñol Asante Oyoko jeynoongol geɗe e nder leydi Gana hannde ndii.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Politics & History - AFRICA|url=http://politics-history.mozello.com/page-3/params/group/122085/|access-date=2020-08-04|website=politics-history mozello}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=History of Asante|url=https://ghanaianpress.com/2018/07/13/history-of-asante/|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=Ghanaian Press}}</ref> Nana Oti ko miñiiko Nana Kobia Antwi e yumma maɓɓe ko Antwiwaa Nyame. Nana Oti neldi dogdu mum ina wiyee Bofoo Nyame e yah-ngartaa, o tawi ko galle Agona ina jooɗii tawo e nokku ina wiyee Kwaebrem mo caggal mum wiyetee Kwaabre. Nde dognoowo oo anndi nokku oo ina heewi 6amtaare, o yahi o haalani Nana Oti. Ndeen koɗorɗe ɗee ndokkaama innde Kumasi caggal nde laamɗo oo, ɓesngu mum, e won e almudɓe mum cuɓii soodde ndeen feccere leydi e juuɗe Agonaba Obaapanyin Adwoa Wiri.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kambon|first=Okunini Ọbádélé|title=History of Rulers and Kings of Asante|url=https://www.abibitumi.com/community/akan-twi-language-resources/history-of-rulers-and-kings-of-asante/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803005548/https://abibitumi.com/community/akan-twi-language-resources/history-of-rulers-and-kings-of-asante/|archive-date=2021-08-03|access-date=2020-08-04|website=Abibitumi - Communiversity|language=en-US}}</ref> Ko e laamu makko, golle konu keewɗe mbaɗi e dowlaaji Akan goɗɗi ɗii, naati e nanondiral e Ashanti en.<nowiki></ref></nowiki> During his reign, there was a trend towards Ashanti military unification.<ref name="Briggs">{{cite book|last1=Briggs|first1=Philip|title=Ghana|url=https://archive.org/details/ghanabradttravel0000brig_l3x3|date=2014|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides Ltd|isbn=978-1-84162-478-5|page=[https://archive.org/details/ghanabradttravel0000brig_l3x3/page/354 354]|quote=The trend towards Ashanti military unification is thought to have emerged under Otumfuo Nana Oti Akenten, who became the fourth Oyoko Abohyen chief c1630. Some oral traditions claim that the capital had already relocated to Kwaaman by this time, and that it was Oti Akenten who initiated the move to Kumasi about 20 years into his reign. More likely, however, is that Asantemanso was still the capital when Oti Akenten was enstooled, and that it was either he or his successor Otumfuo Nana Obiri Yeboa who relocated to Kwaaman c1660.}}</ref> During his reign, there was a trend towards Ashanti military unification. E laamu makko, wonno ko njillu feewde e dental konu Ashanti.[5] Tuugnorgal <references /> bllut7dgt07v65p04bvdzalqvo85box 0 17890 181147 107434 2026-08-05T02:59:02Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181147 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Jamila Afghani''' (Perse: جمیله افغانی; jibinaa ko hitaande dubi alif 1976 to Kabul)<ref>{{Cite book|title=Peacemakers in action : profiles in religious peacebuilding|last=Dubensky|first=Joyce S.|publisher=Tanenbaum Center for Interreligious Understanding|year=2007|isbn=978-1-107-15296-0|volume=II|location=New York|pages=250}}</ref> ko debbo daraniiɗo hakkeeji rewɓe e jaŋde mum en to Afganistaan. Ko kanko woni sosɗo e gardiiɗo fedde toppitiinde jaŋde e mbaawkaaji Noor (NECDO). O wonii kadi tergal kuuɓtodinngal fedde wiyeteende Reso Rewɓe Afganistaan ​​(AWN). E hitaande 2022, Jamila Afghani rokkaama njeenaari Aurora jeeɗiɗaɓiri hitaande kala ngam ƴellitde neɗɗaagu. == Nguurndam == Nde o woni cukalel, Afghani ina wondi e polio, sabu caɗeele ɗe ñawu nguu heɓata, ina foti fawaade e ɓuuɓri ngam yahde.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|url=http://n-peace.net/candidate/candidate-107|title=Jamila Afghani|access-date=8 September 2015|website=N-Peace Awards|publisher=N-Peace Network|archive-date=5 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130905144618/http://n-peace.net/candidate/candidate-107|url-status=usurped}}</ref> Nde o heɓi duuɓi sappo e nay, o fiyi mo e hoore makko e nder wolde Sowiyet.<ref name=":7" /> [[File:Jamila Afghani 2020 in Cologne -3294.jpg|thumb|Jamila Afghani 2020]] Afganistaan ​​dogi Kabul e kitaale 1990 e nder wolde hakkunde leyɗeele Afganistaan, hoɗi Peshawar.<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=17277778&site=ehost-live|title=Catalyst For Change: Jamila Afghani|last=Oates|first=Lauryn|date=2005|journal=Herizons|access-date=8 September 2015|volume=18|page=9|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Afghani heɓi dipolomaaji mum e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Peshawar.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|url=https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/1811/30223/Afghan%20Women%20Leaders%20Speak%20conference%20website%2011-17-05.pdf?sequence=5|title=Afghan Women Leaders Speak|date=November 2005|access-date=8 September 2015|website=Mershon Center for International Security Studies|publisher=Ohio State University|hdl=1811/30223|last1=Mills|first1=Margaret|last2=Kitch|first2=Sally}}</ref> Golle Afghani gadane ɗee ko golloowo renndo e nder nokkuuji mooliiɓe Afganistaan ​​en to Pakistaan.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://tanenbaum.org/peacemakers-in-action-network/meet-the-peacemakers/jamila-afghani/|title=Jamila Afghani|access-date=7 September 2015|website=Tanenbaum's Peacemakers in Action|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083407/https://tanenbaum.org/peacemakers-in-action-network/meet-the-peacemakers/jamila-afghani/|url-status=dead}}</ref> O walli kadi rewɓe wonɓe e kampaañuuji ɗii haa ɓe mbaawa janngude e nder jaŋde Qur’aana.<ref name=":3" /> Afghani hollitii wonde ina jeyaa e ko ɓuri haɗude rewɓe heɓde jaŋde, ŋakkeende jannginooɓe rewɓe.<ref name=":6">{{Cite book|title=Contested Terrain: Reflections with Afghan Women Leaders|url=https://archive.org/details/contestedterrain0000kitc|last=Kitch|first=Sally L.|publisher=University of Illinois Press|year=2014|isbn=978-0252038709|pages=[https://archive.org/details/contestedterrain0000kitc/page/26 26]}}</ref> E hitaande 2001, Afganistan sosi NECDO, ngam wallitde jaŋde rewɓe e sukaaɓe.<ref name=":5" /> NECDO ina janngina kadi ɗemngal maande, ina jogii kadi janngirɗe ko fayti e ƴellitgol luural e geɗe jinnaaɓe.<ref name=":7" /> NECDO ina anndaa e sosde laabi kesi ngam yettaade rewɓe e sukaaɓe rewɓe. Yeru, nde sosi defterdu sukaaɓe rewɓe, kono ɓe ƴetti sukaaɓe worɓe ngam addude sukaaɓe rewɓe ɓee njillu defterdu nduu, ɓe ndokka sukaaɓe worɓe ɓee njeenaaje e kala sukaaɓe rewɓe joy ɓe ngaddata.<ref name=":4" /> Fedde makko ina gollina fotde 50 000 debbo e nder diiwanuuji 22.<ref name=":8">{{Cite news|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/06/03/how-to-promote-womens-rights-in-afghanistan-and-around-the-world/|title=How to Promote Women's Rights, in Afghanistan and Around the World|last=Weingarten|first=Elizabeth|date=3 June 2015|work=Foreign Policy|access-date=8 September 2015}}</ref> Golle Afghani ina luulndii no feewi miijo ngo Lislaam ina wallita e bonanndeeji baɗeteeɗi e rewɓe.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=http://womensenews.org/story/the-world/150612/in-afghanistan-danger-stalks-gender-imam-training|title=In Afghanistan, Danger Stalks Gender Imam Training|last=Nalli|first=Hajer|date=12 June 2015|work=Women's eNews|access-date=7 September 2015}}</ref> O sosi "janngugol gadanol ko fayti e jinnaaɓe e nder leydi Afganistaan ​​wonande Imaam en."[9] O fuɗɗii eɓɓoore ndee ko e yiytude Imaam en yiɗɓe ƴeewde humpitooji ɗi kanko e woɗɓe peewni. Imaam en puɗɗii waajaade geɗe kese, jowitiiɗe e hakkeeji rewɓe to bannge lislaam, ɗoon e ɗoon.<ref name=":1" /> E hitaande 2015, o joginoo fotde 6 000 Imaam golloowo e porogaraam oo.<ref name=":8" /> To Kabul, taskaram maako "waɗii limngal khutbas (waajuuji aljumaa) nder juulirɗe capanɗe ɗiɗi mawɗe nder wuro man.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.wisemuslimwomen.org/muslimwomen/bio/jamila_afghani/|title=Jamila Afghani|access-date=8 September 2015|website=Women's Islamic Initiative in Spirituality and Equality|archive-date=28 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150928152017/http://www.wisemuslimwomen.org/muslimwomen/bio/jamila_afghani/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Afghani yi'i nder kuugal maako dow "hunduko rewɓe ɗon udda to ɓe ngalaa hujjaaji lislaam" ngam Pinal Afganistaan ​​ko diine no feewi, ko reentaade.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/shahnaz-taplinchinoy/muslim-women-movers-and-s_b_4546673.html|title=Muslim Women: Movers and Shakers Fight for Women's Rights|last=Taplin-Chinoy|first=Shahnaz|date=5 January 2014|work=Huffington Post|access-date=7 September 2015}}</ref> Jaŋde makko e jinnaaɓe ina waɗi batte tiiɗɗe e worɓe ɓe nganndaa wonde Lislaam ina jaɓi hakkeeji rewɓe, kadi ina wallita e waylude worɓe wonta daraniiɓe rewɓe.<ref name=":8" /> sifaa mum waylo-waylo sabu ardiiɓe diineeji anndaaɓe e tooñanngeeji rewɓe hannde ina kuutoroo konnguɗi Qur’aana ngam ƴellitde nuunɗal wonande ɓe."<ref name=":22">{{Cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/shahnaz-taplinchinoy/muslim-women-movers-and-s_b_4546673.html|title=Muslim Women: Movers and Shakers Fight for Women's Rights|last=Taplin-Chinoy|first=Shahnaz|date=5 January 2014|work=Huffington Post|access-date=7 September 2015}}</ref> O golliima kadi ngam luulndaade laamu leƴƴi baabiraaɓe e nder leydi Afganistaan.<ref name=":1" /> O sikki ina jeyaa e caɗeele Afganistaan, wonde ɓiɓɓe leydi ndii ina mbaawi seerndude ko seerndi "Islaam, pinal e politik"<ref name=":6" /> O hollitii wonde o hulɓiniima won e Afganistaannaaɓe, luulndiiɓe jannginde makko e ƴellitde jam firo lislaam.<ref name=":0" /> Afganistan heɓi njeenaari Tanenbaum ngam jam e golle e hitaande 2008.<ref name=":22" /> E hitaande 2017, o jeyaa ko e ƴamooɓe njeenaari Aurora ngam ƴellitde neɗɗaagal.<ref name="aurora">[https://auroraprize.com/en/aurora/detail/11242/2017-aurora-prize-finalists- Aurora Prize.] 2017 finalists.</ref> E hitaande 2021, Jamila Afghani suɓaama ngam heɓde njeenaari Aurora laabi ɗiɗi, o yahi haa o wonti njeenaari Aurora 2022. == Tuugnorgal == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Yimɓe wuurɓe]] 94e1ys7d6no0g78uh6dukm7ipvx9ary 0 17894 181166 115453 2026-08-05T03:22:46Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181166 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Safia Amajan''' (daygo hiitande dubi alif 1941–25 suwee nder dubi 2006), ina winndaa kadi Ama-jan, Ama Jan, Ahmed-jan e Ahmed Jan, ko daraniiɗo hakkeeji rewɓe Afganistaan, jannginoowo, siyaasa, kadi ko kañum wonnoo daraniiɗo hakkeeji rewɓe Afganistaan, ko o daraniiɗo Taliban ngam ustude rewɓe, mo o fiyi e waraa ko e hitaande 2006, ina wiyee ko Taliban.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|date=2006-09-25|title=Afghan women's official shot dead|language=en-GB|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/5376968.stm|access-date=2021-04-24}}</ref> == Ngendam == Amajan golliima e nder wuro Kandahar ko adii nde Taliban ummotoo e hitaande 1996.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|last=|date=2006-09-26|title=Afghan women's rights official shot dead|url=https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Afghan_women's_rights_official_shot_dead|newspaper=Wikinews}}{{rs|date=April 2021}}</ref> E nder laamu Taliban caggal ɗuum, nde duɗe sukaaɓe rewɓe fof udditaa, Amajan ina janngina sukaaɓe rewɓe e nder galle mum e nder sirlu.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/afghanistan/story/0,,1881039,00.html "Taliban kill top Afghan woman" The Guardian]</ref> Caggal nde Taliban fooli e hitaande 2001, Amajan woni gardiiɗo diiwaan oo to biro ministeer geɗe rewɓe to diiwaan Kandahar, ko ɗum woni darnde makko gila 2002 haa o sankii. E nder laamu makko, Amajan udditii gollodiiɓe makko heewɓe, o jannginii teemedde rewɓe e njulaagu ko wayi no bakkaat e taƴgol.<ref name=":1" /> == Wade == Ñalnde 25 suwee 2006, Amajan fiyi laabi nay, waraa yeeso galle mum to Kandahar, worɓe ɗiɗo e motooji.<ref name="v043">{{cite web|date=25 September 2006|title=Afghan women's official shot dead|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/5376968.stm|access-date=21 June 2024|website=BBC NEWS}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> Amajan ɗaɓɓiino laamu Afganistaan ​​ko adii ɗuum nde rokkata mo gardeeji keertiiɗi ngam hulɓinaade warngooji ɗi Taliban ardii, kono ɗaɓɓaande makko jaɓaaka.<ref name=":22">{{Cite book|last=Coleman|first=Isobel|title=Paradise beneath her feet: how women are transforming the Middle East|url=https://archive.org/details/paradisebeneathh00cole|date=2010|publisher=Random House|isbn=978-1-4000-6695-7|edition=1st|location=New York|oclc=436030258}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> Warngo Amajan ngoo, ko Hamid Karzai, hooreejo leydi Afganistaan ​​e oon sahaa, e Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe to Afganistaan ​​ñaawi ɗum.<ref name=":1" /> Caggal maayde makko, gooto e maɓɓe tuumaama wonde kaaliyanke Taliban hollitii wonde maayde Amajan ko ngam jaabaade golle makko e laamu nguu.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Senior Afghan women's affairs official killed - Afghanistan|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/afghanistan/senior-afghan-womens-affairs-official-killed|access-date=2021-04-24|website=ReliefWeb|language=en}}</ref> Amajan woppi ɓiyiiko biyeteeɗo Nakibullah.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Coleman|first=Isobel|title=Paradise beneath her feet: how women are transforming the Middle East|url=https://archive.org/details/paradisebeneathh00cole|date=2010|publisher=Random House|isbn=978-1-4000-6695-7|edition=1st|location=New York|oclc=436030258}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == {{Reflist}} 3iqrv3h27jnfulfuodwcarnkexewog5 0 21628 181044 80320 2026-08-05T01:21:01Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181044 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Asab''' ko wuro e nder diiwaan ǁKaras to fuɗnaange Namibi. Ngo woni ko e laawol ngenndiwal B1 ko ina wona feccere hakkunde Mariental e Keetmanshoop. km (14 mi) fuɗnaange Asab ko ŋorol kaaƴe Mukurob, nokku turisma mo yani ñalnde 7 desaambar 1988.<ref>{{cite book |title=Namibia: the Bradt travel guide |url=https://archive.org/details/namibia0000mcin |last=McIntyre |first=Chris |year=2007 |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides |edition=3 |page=[https://archive.org/details/namibia0000mcin/page/191 191] |isbn=978-1-84162-187-6 }}</ref> Asab jeyaa ko e diiwaan woote Berseba. Koɗorde ndee ina waɗi nokku petroŋ, boowal, e otel tokooso,<ref>{{cite news |title=Storm damages Asab Hotel |last=Shigwedha |first=Absalom |newspaper=[[The Namibian]] |url=http://www.namibian.com.na/index.php?id=28&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=4689&no_cache=1 |date=6 April 2004}}</ref> hay so tawii hay gooto e ɗeen golle ina golloo hannde, haa arti noon e nokku oo siforaama no "wuro fenaande".<ref>{{cite news|title=Asab: spookdorp bied nie eens brandstof|trans-title=Asab: ghost village does not even offer petrol|language=af|newspaper=[[Die Republikein]]|url=http://www.republikein.com.na/politiek-en-nasionale/asab-spookdorp-bied-nie-eens-brandstof.59765.php|date=22 November 2007}}</ref> Gaaraas laana njoorndi Asab ko nokku ɗo laana njoorndi TransNamib woni ɗoo, ummoraade Windhoek haa Keetmanshoop.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.namibian.com.na/news-articles/national/full-story/archive/2013/april/article/groendoring-struggles-to-keep-up-with-eger-legacy/|title=Groendoring struggles to keep up with Eger legacy|last=Tjituka|first=Martin|date=30 April 2013|work=[[The Namibian]]}}{{dead link|date=July 2017|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> 3 km (1.9 yaasi Asab ɗon woodi ummaatoore Groendoring (kaali Afrikaans: Green Thorn, ko nodda Torchwood nder banndiraaɓe [[Balaniite]]), bee coci maɓɓo e jaŋde jaŋde. == Firooji == {{reflist}} [[Category:Namibiya]] i9phmbdcvwpoojp7dsfar3vt7g6q6f4 0 22043 181036 104779 2026-08-05T01:12:27Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181036 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sir Abdullaah bin Kaliifa Al-Busaidi''', KBE, CMG (13 Fabrayru 1911 – 1 Yuuli 1963) (Aarabre : عبد الله بن خليفة), ko Sultan 10th Sansibaar caggal maayde baaba makko, Sir Kaliifa bin Harub, mo sankii ñalnde 11 lewru nduu 9 Oktooba 1960 e duuɓi capanɗe jeetati e go'o.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Brennan|first=James R.|date=1 October 2008|title=Lowering the Sultan's Flag: Sovereignty and Decolonization in Coastal Kenya|journal=Comparative Studies in Society and History|volume=50|issue=4|pages=831–861|doi=10.1017/S0010417508000364|s2cid=143834691|issn=1475-2999|url=https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/7484/1/Sultan%27s_Flag.pdf}}</ref> O ɓuri baaba makko waasde yiɗeede, o joginoo laamu tiiɗngu e nder Sultan e nder yonta nde ngenndiyaŋkaagal Afrik ina ɓeydoo mawnude. Yanti heen, e sahaa nde o maayi ndee, koyɗe makko ɗiɗi ɗee fof taƴaama sabu rafi.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Zanzibar|url=https://archive.org/details/zanzibar0000mcin|last=McIntyre|first=Chris|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|year=2013|isbn=978-1841624587|pages=[https://archive.org/details/zanzibar0000mcin/page/25 25]}}</ref> O laamani [[𞤔𞤢𞤲𞤶𞤭𞤦𞤢𞥄𞤪|Zanzibar]] diga 9 Oktooba 1960 haa 1 Julaay 1963. Nde o maayi, ɓiɗɗo maako Jamshid o laatii sultan, o jeyi nder sahaa nde Zanzibar waɗi ha nder lewru Janaare 1964.   == Ko'e teddungal == * King George V Silver Jubilee Medal 1935 * Kamaraaku Ordin St Michael e St George (CMG) -1936 * Order of the Brilliant Star of Zanzibar, Class 1st- (1936-1960, nden laamiiɗo to 1963) * Sultan Khalifa II Silver Jubilee Medal 1937 * King George VI Coronation Medal 1937 * Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal 1953 * Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) -1959 * Yimɓe ardiiɓe lesdi Amerika John F. Kennedy ɓe umri boɗeeje goɗɗe nder 1963 diga Galt &amp;amp; Bro, jabalɗo jawdi nder Washington D.C., bana dokkal Sultan. Ammaa caggal nde hooreejo leydi ndii haani haɓɓude nder lewru Noofambar 1963, dokkal ngal ɓe njaɓataa. == Sukaaɓe == * Sultan Sayyid Jamshid Bin Abdullah Bin Khalifa Bin Harub. * Sayyida Sughiya Bint Abdullah Bin Khalifa Bin Harub. * Sayyida Sindiya Bint Abdullah Bin Khalifa Bin Harub. * Sayyid Mohammed Bin Abdullah Bin Khalifa Bin Harub. * Sayyida Shariffa Bint Abdullah Bin Khalifa Bin Harub. * Sayyid Harub Bin Abdullah Bin Khalifa Bin Harub.  == Himobe == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Yimɓe]] [[Category:Yimɓe Tansani]] scikk0bigmjg80yxd09nvjqylbooda3 0 22338 181028 80868 2026-08-05T01:05:06Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181028 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Vieraella''' ko leñol paabi majjungol gila e jamaanu Jurassic les (Pliensbachian fuɗɗorde haa Toarcian) e mbaydi Roca Blanca to Arjantiin, kadi ina jeyaa e paabi goonga ɓurɗi ɓooyde anndaaɗi. Ooɗoo sifaa ina anndaa e mbaydi ngootiri, ndi reenaaka no feewi, hono P.V.L. 2188, ko famɗi fof ƴiye presacrals jeetati, ƴiye ɓutte, ulna e radiis ɗe njiidaani, ƴiye ƴiye ina njogii won e sifaaji discoglossid.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Casamiquela|first1=R.|title=Nuevo material de Vieraella HerbstII ReIg. Reinterpretación de la ranita liasica de la Patagonia y consideraciones sobre filogenia y sistemática de los anuros|journal=Revista del Museo de La Plata|date=1965|volume=4|issue=27|pages=265–317|url=https://publicaciones.fcnym.unlp.edu.ar/rmlp/article/viewFile/1812/613|access-date=30 March 2022}}</ref> == Siftorgal == Koo nde o ɗon jooɗii duuɓi miliyaaruuji 188 ɓaawo, ''Vieraella'' ɗon nandi bee ɓaleeji ɓaleeji jamanu. Misaalu, safaare maako ɗon ɓooyma ngam ƴoyma, nden ɓooyaare maako ɗon woodi ɓaawo ɓooyaari ɓaawo maako ɗon ɓaawo ɓaawo maako. Ammaa, ɗum be'i ɓii-ɓii, e juutuki maaki 3 cm (1,2 in.) tan. Ko ɗum anndiraa be'e ɓurɗe ɓooyde, bana ''Triadobatrachus'', ɗi mari laaɓal ɗuɗɗum, nden ɗum waawaa wi'aay be'e "ko'e" ɓooyɗe.<ref name="EoDP">{{cite book|editor=Palmer, D.|year=1999|title=The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals|url=https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000unse_y8e7|publisher=Marshall Editions|location=London|page=[https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000unse_y8e7/page/56 56]|isbn=1-84028-152-9}}</ref> == Firooji == {{Reflist}} == Jaŋde ɓeydi == * Estes, R., e O. A. Reig. 1973. Deftere fossil fuɗɗiiɗe e beedi: jaŋde dow daliila. 11-63 nder J. L. Vial (Ed.), Evolutionary Biology of the Anurans: Fandugol jamanuure dow caɗeele mawɗe. &nbsp;University of Missouri Press, Columbia. [[Category:Frogs]] 7y7z6c160hb2k6piwcd45pu994nxqoz 0 22604 180959 99428 2026-08-04T23:38:14Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180959 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Rio Nuevo''' ko maayo leydi [[Jamayka]]. O ɗon ƴiwo nder parish Saint Mary, o ɗon hawta maayo Kariibiya nder [[Rio Nuevo Bay|Bay Rio Nuevo]], dow maayo Jamayka. E hitaande 1658, ɗum woni nokkuure konu Rio Nuevo hakkunde konu Espaannya e konu Inngila, konu ɓurɗi waɗde dow leydi Jamayka.<ref name="Black">{{cite book|last=Black|first=Clinton V.|title=The Story of Jamaica: From Prehistory to the Present|url=https://archive.org/details/storyofjamaica0000clin|date=1965|publisher=Collins|location=London|isbn=978-0002117685|pages=[https://archive.org/details/storyofjamaica0000clin/page/48 48]–49|edition=Rev.}}</ref> == Firooji == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Maayo Jamayka]] [[Category:Maaje]] [[Category:Maayo]] [[Category:Stub]] o15cd6op46gm19f6hbq4mt79u2y9g9d 0 23851 181091 83973 2026-08-05T02:06:12Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181091 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} <references /> Jean Fouchard (Port au Prince, 2 marse 1912 - ɗoon e ɗoon, 30 suwee 1990) ko daartoowo, jaayndiyanke, dipolomaat Hayitinaajo. Fouchard jibinaa ko to Port-o-Prince, o heɓi toon seedantaagal sariya. O golliima jaayndiyanke, o sosi jaaynde wiyeteende La Relèvé, o wonii dipolomaat, o wonii ammbasadeer to Kubaa. O ɓuri anndeede ko e binndanɗe makko daartol. == Kuugal jeyaaɗo == * ''Les Marrons du Syllabaire'' (1953) * ''Plaisirs de Saint-Domingue'' (1955) * ''Le Théâtre à Saint-Domingue'' (1955) * ''Artistes et Répertoires des Scènes de Saint-Domingue'' (1955) * ''Les Marrons de la Liberté'' (1972) Fuuɗugo Farayse: The Haitian Maroons: Liberty or Death (1981), e jaŋde C. L. R. James * ''Langue et Littérature des Aborigènes d'Ayiti'' (1972) == Firooji == * {{cite book|last=Schutt-Ainé|first=Patricia|title=Haiti: A Basic Reference Book|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780963859907|publisher=Librairie Au Service de la Culture|year=1994|location=Miami, Florida|isbn=0-9638599-0-0|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780963859907/page/103 103]}} [[Category:Tanzania]] be1ukwatozg7os4cz8fgn1n0b23vqe9 0 23898 180872 84047 2026-08-04T22:03:15Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180872 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} <references /> Filip Hannibal Price ko dipolomaasi, binndoowo leydi Hayiti. Caggal nde hooreejo Michel Domingue maayi, Price laati laamuɗo to laamu nguurndam wakkatiire nder 1875 nden o laati mo ɗon haɓɓa dow Florvil Hyppolite. Daga 1890 haa 1893 o waɗi hooreejo mawɗo to Washington, D.C. Nder wakkati maajum o winndi deftere maako ɓurɗe anndude, ''De la Réhabilitation de la Race Noire par la République d'Haïti'' (Ingelese: dow rehabilitation of the Black Race by the Republic of Haiti), ɗum wurtini nder 1893. Price maayi nder Baltimore, Maryland ngam nyau typhoid ha duuɓi cappanɗe joweeɗiɗo e ɗiɗi. == Kuugal jeyaaɗo == * ''Etudes sur Les Finances et L'Économie des Nations'' * ''Rapport sur Les Traveaux de la Première Conférence Pan-américaine'' * ''De La Réhabilitation de La Race noire et de La République d'Haïti'' (ɓollitaare 1893) == Firooji == <references /> * {{cite book|last=Schutt-Ainé|first=Patricia|title=Haiti: A Basic Reference Book|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780963859907|publisher=Librairie Au Service de la Culture|date=1994|location=Miami, Florida|isbn=0-9638599-0-0|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780963859907/page/96 96]}} * ♬ co-author = Dantès Bellegarde, A. Duval, Georges Sylvain{{cite book|last=Menos|first=Solon|title=Auteurs Haitiens, Morceaux Choisis|publisher=Imprimerie de M F. Smith|year=1904|location=Port-au-Prince, Haiti|isbn=|page=6}} [[Category:Tanzania]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] kferjsxukbrss1ez5z47krlqw1gdtv6 0 23973 180831 91802 2026-08-04T21:17:16Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180831 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Peter Goodall''' (jibinaa ko 1949) ko ganndo, binndoowo to [[Ostarali]].<ref name="USQ">{{cite web|url=http://apps.usq.edu.au/StaffSearch/default.aspx?staffsearchaction=showdetails&staffsearchrecordid=1499|title=Staff Search – 'Professor Peter Goodall'|publisher=[[University of Southern Queensland]]|location=[[Toowoomba|Toowoomba QLD]]|date=23 June 2009|accessdate=29 October 2012|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508063854/http://apps.usq.edu.au/StaffSearch/default.aspx?staffsearchaction=showdetails&staffsearchrecordid=1499|archivedate=8 May 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref> E cakkital kitaale 2000 o woniino gardiiɗo jaagorɗe ganndal neɗɗankaagal to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Macquarie]] tawi gardiiɗo jaagorɗe Christina Slade alaa heen. Darnde makko teeŋtunde ko cukko hooreejo fedde ganndal neɗɗankaagal e gardo kuuɓtodinɗo departemaa politik e jokkondiral hakkunde leyɗeele. E hitaande 2009 o artii e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Queensland]] to bannge worgo, to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Toowoomba ɗo o woni Dean to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal. Nder duuɓi 1980 Goodall hollitii nder radio 2SER, kuugal weekend University, e nder golle George Orwell e Evelyn Waugh. Gila hitaande 2004 Goodall woni mo hawritoowo ''AUMLA'', ko wonnoo ko e nder nder nder jaŋde AUSULLA (Australasian ''Universities Language and Literature Association).'' Goodall ɗon anndina nder jannguki defte medieval, ɓurna Chaucer e defte karnijum 20 ɓurna Orwell. E hitaande 1995, o wurtini Haay Culture, Popular Culture: The Long Debate dow feccere hakkunde haay culture e haay culture. E hitaande 2009 o wonnoo jaayndiyankeewal "Chawser's Monk's Tale" e "Nun's Priest's Tale: An An Annotated Bibliography 1900 to 2000, ko hollitii "eediyonji, baylitol, e jannginol ɗiin" dow "haalaaji Chaucer", nder karnijum noogas.<ref name="NLA2" /> Goodall ɗon huuwa dow jannguki aada e defte dow no'o haani. Nder 2010 o wurtini kubaruuji, "Farude jaɓɓorgo and tagging social for digital libraries using formal concept analysis", ha haalde ha 8th International Conference on Computing and Communication Technologies e haɓɓiti nder Research, Innovation and Vision for the Future (2010). == KBibliography == * {{cite video|people=Goodall, Peter (reader)|year=1978|title=Patience|url=|type=[[compact cassette|sound cassette]]|language=Middle English|trans-title=|publisher=[[Macquarie University]]|location=Sydney|accessdate=|time=|id=|isbn=|oclc=|quote=}} * {{cite video|people=Goodall, Peter; Stephens, John A; Claflin, Marie Louise (readers)|year=1978|title=Gawain and the Grene Knight|url=|type=sound cassette|language=Middle English|trans-title=Sir Gawain and the Green Knight|publisher=|location=|accessdate=|time=|id=|isbn=|oclc=|quote=}} * {{cite video|people=Goodall, Peter (author, creator)|year=1981|title=In an Age Like This: the Life and Works of George Orwell|url=|type=sound cassette|medium=|trans-title=|publisher=[[2SER|2SER-FM]]|location=|accessdate=|time=|id=|isbn=|oclc=|quote=}} * {{cite video|people=Goodall, Peter (author, creator)|year=1982|title=The Old Ambiguous World: the Life and Literature of Evelyn Waugh|url=|type=sound cassette|medium=|trans-title=|publisher=2SER-FM|location=|accessdate=|time=|id=|isbn=|oclc=|quote=}} * {{cite book|title=High Culture, Popular Culture: The Long Debate|url=https://archive.org/details/highculturepopul0000good|last=Goodall|first=Peter|location=[[St Leonards, New South Wales|St Leonards, NSW]]|publisher=[[Allen & Unwin]]|year=1995|isbn=1-86373-833-9}} * {{cite book|title=Nineteen Eighty-Four|last=Goodall|first=Peter|location=[[Marrickville, New South Wales|Marrickville, NSW]]|publisher=Science Press|year=2002|isbn=0-85583-438-2}} * {{cite book|title=Chaucer's Monk's Tale and Nun's Priest's Tale: An Annotated Bibliography 1900 to 2000|editor1-first=Peter|editor1-last=Goodall|editor2-first=Rosemary|editor2-last=Greentree|editor3-first=Christopher|editor3-last=Bright|others=annotations by Geoffrey Cooper, Peter Goodall, John Gray, Bruce Moore, Diane Speed, Jennifer Strauss, J.A. Stephens, Ruth Waterhouse, Christopher Wortham|publisher=[[University of Toronto Press]]|location=[[Toronto]]|year=2009|isbn=978-0-80209-320-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rGltTRbByNUC&q=editions:Ti278FFN1xQC|accessdate=29 October 2012}} Note: [online] copy is a preview and some pages may not be available. == Firooji == {{Reflist}} <references /> [[Category:Osterliya]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] [[Category:Yimɓe wuurɓe]] 1wd2qmoem3fxrpyrzsx39pe3zt9zjaj 0 23982 181068 84147 2026-08-05T01:47:24Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181068 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} <references /> Émile Roumer (5 feebariyee 1903 – abriil 1988) ko jimoowo Haiti.[1] Roumer ɓuri winndude ko jimɗi satirik e jimɗi jowitiiɗi e giɗli e tago. O jibinaa ko to wuro wiyeteengo Jérémie, o janngi ko to Farayse hade makko janngude njulaagu to Manchester, to leydi Angalteer.. == Bibliography == * ''Poèmes d'Haïti et de France'' (1925) * ''Poèmes en Vers'' (1947) * ''Le Caïman Etoilé'' (1963) * ''Rosaire Couronne Sonnets'' (1964) == Maayi == Roumer maayi nder Frankfurt, Germany nder lewru abriil 1988. == Firooji == <nowiki>.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</nowiki> == Ɗeɗe == * {{cite book|last=Schutt-Ainé|first=Patricia|title=Haiti: A Basic Reference Book|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780963859907|publisher=Librairie Au Service de la Culture|date=1994|location=Miami, Florida|isbn=0-9638599-0-0|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780963859907/page/105 105]}} [[Category:Tanzania]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 8dtgg0i9a6tzpiokbkst1o8c8j3icxc 0 24011 181084 84280 2026-08-05T02:01:10Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 3 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181084 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Colin Anfield Hughes''' (4 mee 1930 – 30 suwee 2017 <ref name="deathnotice">{{cite news|title=HUGHES, Collin Anfield|url=http://tributes.couriermail.com.au/notice/416182024|access-date=6 July 2017|work=Courier Mail|date=5 July 2017}}</ref>) ko ganndo Angalteer-[[Ostarali]], keɓtinaaɗo e politik woote e laamu. O woniino porfeseer ganndo politik to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ''Queensland'', o woniino hooreejo Goomu ƴeewndo doosɗe leydi Queensland (1999–2000). Hughes jibini nder [[Bahamas]], to baaba maako Welsh, John Anfield Hughes, laati mo jaangoowo nder suudu janngirde, e ɓaawo ɗon o laati komisara diiwaan nder saare Bahama'en. Nder konu duuniyaaru ɗiɗaɓo, o dilli to Amerik, to o heɓii jaŋde BA e MA dow Columbia University e PhD dow London School of Economics. Nder hitaande 1966, bee John S. Western, Hughes wurtini janngirde dow wolde politik lesdi Australia arande nder tele, nder lewru 12 lewru Noofambar 1963, diga arandeejo lesdi nden Sir Robert Menzies. Nder wakkati maajum, Hughes ɗon wondi Fellows in Political Science to National University Australia. Nder wakkati boɗeeji 1966 o laati Farsaaku anndal siyasa e Farsaaku ardiiɗo nder anndal siyasa nder Farsaaku Queensland.<ref name="Hughes&Western1966" /> Kuugal maɓɓe hawti e 250 mootaɓe ɓe ndaari haala politik, ɓe ɗaɓɓiti hujjaaji ɗi ɗi ɗi ɗiɗmbi politik ɗi ɗi ɗiɗi, ɓe ɗaɓɓi no ɗiɗmbii anndal, hakkilantaaku, e miijooji yimɓe ɓe'e. Ɗo'o woni janngirde fuɗnde nde waɗetee nder lesdi Australia, ngam hokkugo kuugal dow hakkilantaaku anndal dow no ɗum waɗirta nder kuuɗe jaɓɓaare, e jaɓugo naftoraaku teleeji nder habaru siyasa. Hughes woni ardiiɗo ardiiɗo suɓaaɓe Austraaliyanko'en to Komise Electoral Australia diga 1984 haa 1989 (e hitaande 1984 AEC suɓii Suɓaaɓe Australia, ko ɗon haa 1902). == Kuugal == * {{cite book|last=Hughes|first=Colin A.|last2=Western|first2=John S.|title=Televised Politics: an interim report|location=Canberra|publisher=Australia National University Press|year=1964}} * {{cite book|last=Hughes|first=Colin A.|title=Sir Robert Menzies, 1894–1978|location=Canberra|publisher=Australia National University Press|year=1966}} * {{cite book|last=Hughes|first=Colin A.|last2=Western|first2=John S.|year=1966|title=The Prime Minister's Policy Speech: A Case Study in Televised Politics|location=Canberra|publisher=Australian National University Press}} * {{cite book|last=Hughes|first=Colin A.|title=Mr Prime Minister. Australian Prime Ministers 1901–1972|url=https://archive.org/details/mrprimeministera0000hugh|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Melbourne|year=1976}} {{ISBN|0-19-550471-2}} * {{cite book|last=Hughes|first=Colin A.|title=The Government of Queensland|url=https://archive.org/details/governmentofquee0000hugh|publisher=University of Queensland Press|location=Brisbane|year=1980}}{{ISBN|978-0702215162}} * {{cite book|last=Hughes|first=Colin A.|title=The Mass Media in Australia|url=https://archive.org/details/massmediainaustr0000west|author2=[[John Western]])|publisher=University of Queensland Press|location=Brisbane|year=1983}} {{ISBN|0-7022-1692-5}} * {{cite book|last=Hughes|first=Colin A.|title=The Handbook of Australian Government and Politics, 1965–1974|location=Canberra|orig-year=1978|date=2000}}{{ISBN|978-0708113400}} * {{cite book|last=Hughes|first=Colin A.|title=A Handbook of Australian Government and Politics 1985–1999|location=Canberra|publisher=Federation Press|year=2000}} * {{cite book|last=Hughes|first=Colin A.|title=Race and Politics in the Bahamas|publisher=University of Queensland Press|location=Brisbane|year=2010}} == Firooji == {{Reflist}} <references /> [[Category:Osterliya]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] sdt84vy5g7noy4lz0lnkft4s13dvp41 0 24087 181080 84457 2026-08-05T01:56:58Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181080 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Robert Alan Johnston''' AC (19 sulyee 1924 – 20 marse 2023) ko ganndo faggudu [[Ostarali]], gonnooɗo guwerneer 4ɓo Banke Reserwo [[Ostarali]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4XNtwLEbl7wC&q=%22Johnston,+robert+alan%22+1924|title=The International Who's Who, 1997-98|year=1997|isbn=9781857430226}}</ref><ref name="kelly1">{{cite book|last=Kelly|first=Paul|title=The End of Certainty: Power, Politics & Business in Australia|url=https://archive.org/details/endofcertaintypo0000kell|publisher=Allen & Unwin|year=2008|isbn=978-1-74175-498-8}}</ref><ref name="abc1">{{cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/cgi-bin/common/printfriendly.pl?http://www.abc.net.au/am/content/2003/s1005317.htm|title=AM - 20 years since Aussie dollar floated|date=8 December 2003|work=AM|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|access-date=24 February 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091220075530/http://www.abc.net.au/cgi-bin/common/printfriendly.pl?http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fam%2Fcontent%2F2003%2Fs1005317.htm|archive-date=20 December 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="age1">{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=wDMRAAAAIBAJ&sjid=wZQDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5524,686682&dq=bob-johnston+reserve+bank&hl=en|title=The winnowing begins|last=Weiniger|first=Peter|date=18 November 1981|work=The Age|access-date=24 February 2010}}</ref><ref name="age2">{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=EfsQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=-pQDAAAAIBAJ&pg=1921,3049816&dq=bob-johnston+reserve+bank&hl=en|title=Australia joins real world via Campbell, Keating and Howard|date=11 January 1984|work=The Age|access-date=24 February 2010}}</ref><ref name="age3">{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=gZsQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=aZEDAAAAIBAJ&pg=1902,4956292&dq=bob-johnston+reserve+bank&hl=en|title=Bank failed to redress inflation, head claims|last=Howard|first=Patricia|date=17 July 1989|work=The Age|pages=3|access-date=24 February 2010}}</ref> O jibinaa nder Moonee Ponds nder [[Melbourne, Victoria]], o waɗi nder Asia fuunaaŋgo wakkati konu duuniyaaru ɗiɗaɓo nder konu lesdi. Johnston ɗon haaki haɓɓuki anndal ''polymer banknote.'' Johnston maayi ko ñalnde 20 mars 2023, e duuɓi 98. == Firooji == {{reflist}} <references /> [[Category:Osterliya]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 77bpuwjmkgqo44ojrn1wgma85qvnb8p 0 24419 180922 169022 2026-08-04T22:55:09Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180922 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Djedptahiufankh''' (hedde 969 – hedde 935 ko adii jibineede Iisaa) wonnoo ko Annabi ɗiɗaɓo Amun e Annabi Tataɓo Amun e laamu Shoshenq I e laamu 22ɓiire. == Fedde e golle == Djedptahiufankh anndaa tan ko e wirwirnde mum e mum. O joginoo tiitoonde Guwerneer diiwaan oo kam e "Ɓiɗɗo laamɗo Ramses" e "Ɓiɗɗo laamɗo joom leyɗeele ɗiɗi ɗee". Ko sakkitii koo ina waawi hollude wonde o jokkondirii e galle laamɗo ina waawi wonde laamu 21ɓiire walla laamu 22ɓiire.<ref name="Broekman">{{cite journal|last1=Broekman|first1=Gerard P. F.|title=The Leading Theban Priests of Amun and their Families under Libyan Rule|journal=The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology|date=2010|volume=96|pages=125–148|doi=10.1177/030751331009600107|jstor=23269760|s2cid=150473491}}</ref> Ina sikkaa wonde Djedptahiufankh ko jom suudu Nesitanebetashru (A) (mo wonnoo ɓiy Pinedjem II e Neskons).<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Niwiński|first1=Andrzej|title=The Wives of Pinudjem II: A Topic for Discussion|journal=The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology|date=1988|volume=74|pages=226–230|doi=10.2307/3821766|jstor=3821766}}</ref> Ndeeɗoo miijo tuugii tan ko e ko Djedptahyufankh wirnaa sara Nesitanebetashru e hitaande DB320.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Dodson|first1=Aidan|last2=Hilton|first2=Dyan|title=The complete royal families of ancient Egypt|url=https://archive.org/details/completeroyalfam0000dods_a3h8|date=2004|publisher=Thames & Hudson|isbn=978-0-500-05128-3|page=203|oclc=475417626}}</ref> == Maayi e ɓandu == O maayi nder caka laamu Shoshenq I bana ko ɓe tawi nder binndi ɗi ɓe windi dow ɓalli mum e nder coftol maako. O haɓɓii nder Deir El-Bahari Tomb 320 ko DB320, ko goonga o waɗi haandi wuro wuro to hooreejo ardiiɓe diina laamu Amun Pinedjem I. DB320 heɓii nder karnijum 19 e ɓeydi anndude ngam woodi ɓesngu mumyji laamiiji ɓurɗi mawnugo nder Laamu Kesaru, hawti e ɓesngu Amenhotep I, Ramesses Mawɗo II, [[Ramesses III]]">Ramesses II, Ramesses IX, e [[Thutmose III]]">Thutmose II">Thutmose I, Thutmosa II e Thutmsose III. Woni tati banndal mumyji feere feere diga duuɓi 5, 10 e 11 Shoshenq I tawi dow ɓandu Djedptahiufankh.   [taƴto ko haani] Djedptahiufankh'en nder ɓandu maayi wondi e ɓandu maaki, nden mumy maako Gaston Maspero wurtini nder hitaande 1886. Ɓe tawi ko'e jimol nder ɓandu, e ɗe ɗe nandi bee ko'e njaru e lotus nder ɓernde e nder ɓernde. Grafton Elliott Smith ƴetti ɓaawo ɓesngu ɓesngu nder 1906 nden o heɓii kuuwol koode ɗe ɗe ɗe kaaƴe feere feere feere ɗon nder juuɗe yaamɗe hawti e ɗe ɗe ɗe ɗe ɓernde, gite, ureus, e djed-pilars. Ɓe ɓanngini ɓandu ɓandu ɓundu ngam ɓe njogga ɓandu ɓannu. Woni ɓandu ɓandu ɗon mari ɓandu mummified ɗon nder ɓandu ɓanndu; ɓandu ɓuuɓuɗum ɓandu ɓundu Hapi ɗon hawta bee ɓandu. Ɓurɗe ɓooyɗe ɓoolɗe e dabareeji e dow dow dow dow juuɗe, Smith holli ɓe huwti ngam hokkude dabareeji dabareeji ɗi e dow dow dabareeji. == Firooji == {{Reflist}} <references /> == Wurooji wurooji == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230216081553/http://anubis4_2000.tripod.com/mummypages1/21B.htm Profil Djedptahiufankh] [[Category:Misra]] 3c9case66ynquec463gjagf08ugw88t 0 24512 180816 95918 2026-08-04T20:59:57Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180816 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}he tedduɗo [[Misra]] ɓooyɗo biyeteeɗo '''Ibi''' (waktuuji goɗɗi ina firoree '''Aba''' walla '''Abe''') ko mawɗo gardiiɗo debbo Alla biyeteeɗo Amun, Nitocris I, e laamu firaawna Psamtik I mo laamu <ref name="rice">{{cite book|first=Michael|last=Rice|title=Who's Who in Ancient Egypt|url=https://archive.org/details/whoswhoinancient0000rice|publisher=Routledge|date=1999|pages=[https://archive.org/details/whoswhoinancient0000rice/page/74 74]}}</ref> 26ɓiire. O haɓɓii nder kawral mawngal, TT36, nder nokkuure El-Assasif nder Theban Necropolis, yeeso Luxor, nder [[Misra]]. Woni sarkofag maako ɗon haɓa nder Museo Egizio nder Torino, [[Italiya]].<gallery> File:Coperchio_del_sarcofago_di_Ibi,_grande_intendente_di_Nitocris,_divina_adoratrice_di_Amon_13S8347-HDR.tif|Lid of the sarcophagus of Ibi. Museo Egizio, Turin. </gallery> == Firooji == <references /> [[Category:Misra]] [[Category:Stub]] eeseape4miab58verkzf3sic4ubc65q 0 24526 180836 85345 2026-08-04T21:22:23Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180836 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ägyptisches_Museum_Kairo_2016-03-29_Ka-aper_01.jpg|thumb|Firo dow laamorde Kaaper CG 34]] {{Databox}}'''Kaaper'''<ref name="lloyd2">{{cite book|last=Sourouzian|first=Hourig|editor-last=Lloyd|editor-first=Alan B.|title=A Companion to Ancient Egypt, Volume I|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|date=2010|chapter=Old Kingdom Sculpture|isbn=978-1-4051-5598-4}}, pp.&nbsp;874-5</ref> walla '''Ka’aper''',,<ref name="rice">{{cite book|last=Rice|first=Michael|title=Who's Who in Ancient Egypt|url=https://archive.org/details/whoswhoinancient0000rice|location=London and New York|publisher=Routledge|date=1999|isbn=0-203-44328-4}}, pp.&nbsp;86-7</ref> mo nganndu-ɗaa kadi ko '''Sheek el-Beled''', ko binndoowo e almuudo [[Misra]] ɓooyɗo, wuurnooɗo hakkunde joofgol laamu 4ɓo e fuɗɗoode laamu 5ɓo (hedde 2500 ko adii jibineede Iisaa). Hay so darnde makko jeyaaka e ɓurɓe toowde, omo anndaa sabu nate makko leɗɗe laaɓtuɗe, lolluɗe. [[File:Wife_of_Sheik_el_Beled.jpg|thumb|Fuude debbo Kaaper CG 33]] == Kuugal e nguurndam == Walaa anndal dow nguurndam Kaaper. Ko o waɗataako ko o laamiiɗo, o woni hooreejo hooreejo leydi leydi leydi ndii, o woni ardiiɗo konu leydi ndii. == Fuuɓuki == mastaba maako, ma'aare dow dow dow dow (ngam "Saqqara C8") Auguste Mariette heɓii nder ma'aari Saqqara, haa woyla dow dow dow ma'aaru dow Djoser. Nder nder nder nder nder maɓɓaaji, ɓe maɓɓaaɓe Misra ɓe maɓɓini laamu ndu, ɓe ɓeydi e haala maɓɓaaje maɓɓaaɗe, ɓe noddi ɗum ''Sheikh el-Beled'' (Arabji "Headman of the village") ngam daliila nanondiral hakkunde laamu ndu e mawɗo maɓɓe. == Siftorgal == Fuujo - ɗon ha nder Cairo Egyptian Museum, CG 34 - ɗon mawnugo 112 cm (3.67 e haani diga wood wood wood, e nder jeegoje jeegooɗe ko ɓuri boo boo, ɗon holla Kaaper ɓurɗo ɓanngugo ɗon yaha bee kubaruuji. Ɓernde laamorde nden ɗon nootiri bana ndu ndu ndu nduumii ngam gite, ɗe waɗii e naftiraaki e limce kalluɗe e pelle ɓaleere ɗe ɓaleere; ɗum ɗon anndina bana misaalu dow laaɓɗum kuuɗe e hakkilantaaku ɗi heɓii wakkati wakkati fuɗɗam laamu 4th. Diga mastaba go'o boo wari taƴre debbo, ko ɗum laatii debbo Kaaper (CG 33).<ref name="lloyd" /> == Ndaare kadi == * Liisuki mawɓe diina Misra * Fuule Misra jamanu == Firooji == <references /> {{Reflist}} [[Category:Misra]] t0q0qh5tknhy4dia0p8lznosn6gtg44 0 24554 181078 85403 2026-08-05T01:54:50Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181078 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Khuwyt''' (hedde 1960 ko adii jibineede Iisaa) ko jimoowo Ejiptnaajo ɓooyɗo, mo nganndu-ɗaa ina hollira e nate paayodinɗe e dow yanaande Antefoker, jaagorgal politik Ejiptnaajo e laamu sappo e ɗiɗo.<ref name="Manniche 1991">{{cite book|last=Manniche|first=Lise|title=Music and Musicians in Ancient Egypt|url=https://archive.org/details/musicmusiciansin0000mann|year=1991|publisher=British Museum Press|location=London|pages=[https://archive.org/details/musicmusiciansin0000mann/page/35 35]–36}}</ref> Kanko e jimoowo gorko gooto, anndiraaɗo jimoowo biyeteeɗo Didumin, ina njiytee bannge-bannge, ina njima ngam weltinde Antefoker.<ref>{{cite book|last=Rice|first=Michael|title=Who's Who in Ancient Egypt|year=2003|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-203-44328-6|page=25|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J6MmWuzSxh8C&q=Khuwyt&pg=PA25|chapter=Antefoker}}</ref> O anndiraama dow mahol woylaare yanaande man bana "yimoowo, Khuwyt, ɓiɗɗo debbo Maket."<ref>{{cite web|last=Benderitter|first=Thierry|title=Antefoqer; Intefiqer; Antefoker; Intefiker; TT60; TT 60; Egypt tomb Luxor: The Chapel (or Shrine)|url=http://www.osirisnet.net/tombes/nobles/antefoqer/e_antefoqer_04.htm|publisher=Osirisnet.net|accessdate=25 September 2013}}</ref> Jimi maɓɓe ko Hathor, laamɗo kaŋŋe, e ko fayti e waziir oo e hoore mum, ina ñaagii mo nguurndam e cellal. == Firooji == {{reflist}} <references /> [[Category:Misra]] dd9f2g09571anqu3kmotsp6n8j9qvyn 0 24855 180974 97934 2026-08-04T23:53:35Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180974 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Max Gerbier''' (jibinaa e hitaande 1951) ko pentoowo Hayiti. Jibinaango to Milot sara Cap-Haïtien to worgo Haiti, Gerbier ina heewi pentude leydi e nokku taariindi wuro mum. Nate makko ko to France e Amerik. == Firooji == * {{cite book|last=Schutt-Ainé|first=Patricia|title=Haiti: A Basic Reference Book|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780963859907|publisher=Librairie Au Service de la Culture|year=1994|location=Miami, Florida|isbn=0-9638599-0-0|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780963859907/page/112 112]}} [[Category:Haiti]] [[Category:Stub]] 1yo8kfucourgbk2amalpsa34afgcolc 0 25141 181164 96310 2026-08-05T03:19:57Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181164 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jacques Max Manigat''' jibinaa ko ñalnde 29 desaambar 1931 ko ganndo hayitinaajo. O ummorii ko Cap-Haïtien, o jeyaa ko e Akademi Kreyòl Ayisyen (Akademi Kreyol Haiti). Ko kanko winndi defte keewɗe ko faati e diaspora Haiti.,<ref>{{cite book|title=Cap-Haïtien: excursions dans le temps : voix Capoises de la diaspora|url=https://archive.org/details/caphatienexcursi0000unse|date=2008|publisher=Educa Vision, Inc|location=Coconut Creek, FL|isbn=9781584324935}}</ref> he is a member of the [[Akademi Kreyòl Ayisyen]] (Haitian Creole Academy). He is the author of several books on the [[Haitian diaspora]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Audebert|first1=Cédric|title=La diaspora haïtienne|publisher=Presses universitaires de Rennes|isbn=978-2-7535-2090-5|pages=181–187|chapter=Bibliographie}}</ref> == Firooji == <references /> [[Category:Stub]] jxr55kefreliz22kn0hdl36zdtb12ml 0 25192 181075 91517 2026-08-05T01:52:27Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181075 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michèle-Jessica Fièvre''' (mi jibinaa 29 abriil 1981) ko ndeen '''M.J. Fièvre''', ko winndaako e jannginoowo jibinaaɗo Haiti, o jooɗiiɗo Florida gila e hitaande 2002. O jibinaa ko to Port-au-Prince, o janngi toon,o yahi haa o dañi BEd to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Barry e MFA to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Florida hakkunde leyɗeele.O yaltini e hoore makko deftere makko adannde sirlu Le Feu de la vengeance e duuɓi makko of 16. E duuɓi 19, o siifondiri e deftere makko adannde ngam winndude deftere Young Adult.Fièvre wonnoo ko rewtinoowo e... 2012 antoloji Ainsi parla la terre / Tè a pale / So Leydi Haali.Ko kanko woni binndoowo fedde rewɓe winndooɓe iwdi Haiti, fedde jooɗiinde to Floride. O yaltinii daartol e ɗemngal Engele e Farayse e nder jaayɗe binndol Amerik keewɗe. O golliima e firo e firo, o jannginii e duɗal hakkundeewal to Davie.Ko ɓuri jooni, o woniino porfeseer to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Miami Dade. Fièvre ko gardiiɗo jaaynde binndol wiyeteende Sliver of Stone<ref name="origins">{{cite journal|url=http://www.originsjournal.com/women-writers-caribbean/2015/11/18/discovering-stories-michele-jessica-fievre|title=Discovering Stories: Michele Jessica Fièvre|journal=Origins|last=McCauley|first=Jennifer Maritza|date=2015-11-18|access-date=2016-02-17|archive-date=2019-07-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190704092229/http://www.originsjournal.com/women-writers-caribbean/2015/11/18/discovering-stories-michele-jessica-fievre|url-status=dead}}</ref> Fièvre was editor for the 2012 anthology ''Ainsi parla la terre / Tè a pale / So Spoke the Earth''.<ref>{{Cite book|isbn=978-0615716589|title=Ainsi Parla la Terre|url=https://archive.org/details/sospoketheearth|last1=Fièvre|first1=Michèle-Jessica|year=2012}}</ref> She is secretary for Women Writers of Haitian Descent, an organization based in Florida. She has published stories in English and French in several American literary journals. She has worked as a translator and interpreter and taught at a [[middle school]] in [[Davie, Florida|Davie]].<ref name="ileenile">{{cite web|url=http://ile-en-ile.org/fievre/|title=Jessica Fièvre|work=ile en ile|date=2 November 2007|language=fr}}</ref> Most recently, she has been a professor at [[Miami Dade College]]. Fièvre is editor for the literary journal ''Sliver of Stone''.<ref name="origins" /> == Firooji == <references /> {{reflist}} [[Category:Haiti]] [[Category:Yimɓe wuurɓe]] eezz6lhgz43xnht6yks2zmukqkf8e4o 0 25404 181114 86600 2026-08-05T02:29:00Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181114 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dora Yu''' ({{zh|s=余慈度|p=Yú Cídù}}; 1873–1931) was a prominent Chinese evangelist in China in the first part of 20th century. == Nguurndam == Yu ɗon anndina nder suudu cembiɗinaaku nder Suzhou, nden o ɗon waɗana ɗum wakkati seɗɗa. O jaɓɓii boo jaɓɓorgo maako ngam o huuwa nder waajugo habaru. Bana Debbo Bibel, Yu e [[Josephine Campbell]] nder hitaande 1897 laati ardiiɓe ardiiɓe ɗiɗo debbo mawɓe warugo e diina Methodist ha Senegaal ngam huuwugo nder Kore.<ref>{{Cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140320090107/http://www.umcmission.org/Find-Resources/New-World-Outlook-Magazine/2014/March-April/0306womeninmission|archive-date=20 March 2014|url=http://www.umcmission.org/Find-Resources/New-World-Outlook-Magazine/New-World-Outlook-Archives/2014/March-April/0306womeninmission|title=Women in Mission a Protestant Tradition|last=Robert|first=Dana|authorlink=Dana L. Robert|website=United Methodist Church: General Board of Global Ministries|language=en|access-date=23 October 2017}}</ref> Caggal nde o golliima to Koree duuɓi jeegom, Yu arti Siin, o wonti waajotooɗo ummital ganndiraaɗo. O noddaama ngam waajaade e nokkuuji keewɗi e nder leydi Siin, e hitaande 1927, o haali e batu Keswick to worgo Angalteer. Waaju makko ina wiyee ina joginoo batte mawɗe e Sinuwaa en heewɓe, ɓe ndokki nguurndam mum en e golle Kerecee’en.Yeru, e nder batu ummital e hitaande 1920 to Egliis Jam Asamaan, Fuzhou, Yu ina joginoo batte e debbo gooto ina wiyee Lin Heping (Jam). Lin) ngam jogaade humpito waylude e, lebbi seeɗa caggal ɗuum, kadi ɓiy Lin, Watchman Nee, kamɓe ɗiɗo fof e... ɓe ngonata ummital en anndaaɓe e koye mum en.<ref>{{cite book|last=Wu|first=Silas H. L.|title=Dora Yu and Christian Revival in 20th-Century China|url=https://archive.org/details/dorayuchristianr0000sila|location=Boston, MA|publisher=Pishon River Publications|year=2002|pages=[https://archive.org/details/dorayuchristianr0000sila/page/189 189]–199}}</ref> == Ɗe binndi == * Yu, Dora. Allah ɗon waɗana Dora Yü, marɗo habaru Ceniiɓe. London: Morgan e Scott, 1928. == Firooji == <references /> [[Category:Chinese]] qghf3rlatugfziew6ms3y84rg7kl8zi 0 25786 181110 87162 2026-08-05T02:24:30Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181110 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}Tedduɗo [[Misra]] ɓooyɗo biyeteeɗo '''Prehotep I''' (anndiraaɗo kadi '''Rahotep''', '''Parahotep''', '''Prehotep''' mawɗo, '''Parehotp''') wonnoo ko Waasiir e nder feccere sakkitiinde e laamu Ramses II, e laamu 19ɓiire.<ref name="Kitchen">{{cite book|last=Kitchen|first=K. A.|title=Ramessides Inscriptions, Translated & Annotated, Translations|volume=III|publisher=Blackwell Publishers|year=1996}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Kitchen|first=K. A.|title=Pharaoh Triumphant: the life and times of Ramesses II|url=https://archive.org/details/pharaohtriumphan0000kitc_r6r6|publisher=Aris & Phillips Ltd.|year=1982}}</ref> == Fedde == Parahotep ɗon anndina dow ɗo'o dow ɗo'a ɗiɗo nder taariiɗe ɗi'i ɗi'i je'eteeɓe Mawɗo Safaa'en Osiris Wennufer. Nder taƴre ɗo jooni nder suudu seniiɗo Athens, mawɗo wuro nden e vizir Rahotep wi'ii o (maaka) ɓii Mawɗo Saaraaku Osiris To e jibinaama e Maianuy. Wennufer hawti e ɓiyum Prehotep nder taariiha saare diga Abydos. Vizir [[Nebamun (vizier)|Nebamun]] maa wi'i o woni ɓiraawo Wennufer e Prehotep. Nder go'o dow dow dow dow, Nebamun wi'i o ɓiɗɗo Ramose e Sheritre, ngam maajum o ɓurii warugo o ɓurɗo warugo. == Kujeji == Prehotep anndiraa diga stela nder Abydos (Cairo Jde 19775) je holliti Prehotep bee worɓe ɗiɗo e rewɓe tati ɓe mawnina Osiris e Isis. Ko'e nder nder leydi Bruseel (E. 5901) woodi ko'e nder leydi ndii, e nder leydi ndi, e nder lesdi ndii, ɗum waɗi ko'e maɓɓe. Prehotep ɗon anndina dow ko Wennufer waɗi dow ko anndina nder deftere dow wuro dow. == Nanndi bee vizier Prehotep II == * ngam huutoreede e innde, wurtina: Prehotep II (Vizier) == Firooji == <references /> [[Category:Misra]] 3wcetfekjrfqfzhkphlb4c5w2zsxjys 0 25878 181175 99284 2026-08-05T03:31:21Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181175 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Rahonem''' (fl. ko hedde 2500 ko adii jibineede Iisaa) ko jimoowo [[Misra]]. Ko kanko woni gardiiɗo yimooɓe rewɓe e fiyooɓe tabour (''drum'') e nder suudu makko.<ref name="Drinker 1999">{{cite book|last=Drinker|first=Sophie|author-link=Sophie Drinker|title=[[iarchive:musicandwoman001260mbp/page/n7/mode/2up|Music and Women: The Story of Women in Their Relation to Music]]|year=1999|publisher=The Feminist Press at the City Univ. of New York|page=[https://archive.org/details/musicwomenstoryo0000drin_d8l8/page/79 79]|location=New York|isbn=1558611169|edition=[Reprinted]}}</ref> Rahonem ɗon woni mawɗo debbo mo ɗon jaɓɓa rewɓe ɓurɓe boojo e mo ɗon jaɓa mawɓe mawɓe. O woodi laamorde nde hokkata to mawɗo mawɗo mawɓe mawɓe mawɗo mawɗe.<ref name="Drinker 19992" /> == Ndaare kadi == * Liisde rewɓe nder suudu ardiiɓe == Firooji == {{Reflist}} <references /> [[Category:Misra]] [[Category:Stub]] dab78v9saeey1suc0kxa7gy9lspx2g3 0 26327 180873 88256 2026-08-04T22:04:36Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180873 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Sitre''' In (walla '''Sitra In''', walla '''Sit-re''' ganndiraaɗo In walla Inet, walla '''Sitre tan''') tedduɗo [[Misra]] ɓooyɗo oo, wirnaa ko e falnde laamɓe, e nder yanaande KV60. O anndinaama ko kanko woni infirmiyee Hatshepsut. Sifaa nguurndam makko ina jogii Hatshepsut ina winndaa heen charge makko, ina rewtinee e ostrakon jooni to Vienne.<ref>Eric H. Cline, David B. O'Connor, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=eqHKDKo3cVsC&q=sitre Thutmose III: A New Biography]'', University of Michigan Press 2006, {{ISBN|0-472-11467-0}} p.98</ref> Hay so tawii o wonaa tergal e galle laamɗo, o heɓi teddungal wirneede e nder nekropolis laamɗo. Kaɓirgal makko ina waɗi binndi wr šdt nfrw nswt In, ina hollita wonde ko o Infirmier Wet Laamɗo mawɗo In.<ref name="Hawass Saleem 2016">{{cite book|last1=Hawass|first1=Zahi|last2=Saleem|first2=Sahar N.|title=Scanning the Pharaohs : CT Imaging of the New Kingdom Royal Mummies|url=https://archive.org/details/scanningpharaohs0000hawa|date=2016|publisher=The American University in Cairo Press|location=Cairo|isbn=978-977-416-673-0|pages=[https://archive.org/details/scanningpharaohs0000hawa/page/58 58]}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Misra]] cu76mryp87g9h7yfz7odjbk4mykn3wl 0 26371 181000 100613 2026-08-05T00:28:34Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181000 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Thutmose''' ko waasiir [[Misra]] ɓooyɗo e les njiimaandi Amenhotep III, e laamu 18ɓiire.<ref name="KitchenPT">{{cite book|last=Kitchen|first=K. A.|title=Pharaoh Triumphant: the life and times of Ramesses II|url=https://archive.org/details/pharaohtriumphan0000kitc_r6r6|publisher=Aris & Phillips Ltd.|year=1982}}</ref> Ina gasa tawa ko Thutmose wonnoo waziir to bannge worgo hedde hitaande 45 <ref name="KitchenPT2" /> laamu Ramses II. Thutmose ina haalee e yanaande waziir Prehotep II to Sedment, ina waawi hollude wonde duuɓi maɓɓe e waziir ina mbaawi jokkondirde walla jokkondirde. Tuthmose ina anndaa kadi e ostracon tawaaɗo e nder falnde laamɓe to Tebes.<ref>Christine Raedler: Die Wesire Ramses'II.-Netzwerke der Macht, in Das ägyptische Königtum im Spannungsfeld zwischen Innen- und Außenpolitik im 2. Jahrtausend v. Chr. (Reprinted by Rolf Gundlach and Andrea Klug), Wiesbaden 2004, {{ISBN|3-447-05055-1}}, S. 292, n. 111</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Misra]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] [[Category:Stub]] hbqt8sjjaes8jhc27q9r2134wik21zi 0 26442 181048 91652 2026-08-05T01:24:41Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181048 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Mabel Cheung''' ( Chinese , jibinaa ko ñalnde 17 noowammbar 1950) ko gardo filmo ummoriiɗo Hong Kong . O jeyaa ko e ardiiɓe sinemaa Hong Kong, omo jeyaa e rewɓe tato (e wondude e Ann Hui e Clara Law ) heɓde njeenaari e nder ''New Wave/Second Wave to Hong Kong''. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Marchetti|first=Gina|date=30 June 2016|title=Handover women: Hong Kong women filmmakers and the intergenerational melodrama of infidelity|url=|journal=Feminist Media Studies|volume=16|issue=4|pages=590–609|doi=10.1080/14680777.2016.1193292|via=Taylor & Francis Online}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Ford|first=Stacilee|title=Mabel Cheung Yuen-Ting's An Autumn's Tale|url=https://archive.org/details/mabelcheungyuent0000ford|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|year=2008|isbn=978-962-209-894-7|location=Hong Kong|pages=[https://archive.org/details/mabelcheungyuent0000ford/page/1 1]|language=en}}</ref> Cheung waɗi film mum gadano ko e hitaande 1985 nde o woni almuudo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde New York . Cheung ina anndaa e gollodaade e geɗe eggugol Hong Kongnaaɓe e Siinnaaɓe wonɓe caggal leydi, haa teeŋti noon ko adii nde Hong Kong rokketee e hitaande 1997 . Filmuuji makko ina mbaɗi "trilogie migration" : ''Egguɗo mo sariya haɗi'' (1985), ''Taariika ndunngu'' (1987) e ''Taels kaŋŋe jeetati'' (1989). ''Soong Sisters'' (1997) woni ñalngu goɗɗo e golle makko e nder filmuuji. Filmuuji nay ɗii fof mbaɗiraa ko e ballondiral e winndiyanke biyeteeɗo Alex Law . Cheung is a Guest Lecturer at the Hong Kong Baptist University Academy of Film and an Honorary University Fellow at the University of Hong Kong. Cheung woni cukko hooreejo [https://www.fdc.gov.hk/en/index.php fedde ƴellitaare filmuuji Hong Kong] . == Filmogaraafi == {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" !Year !Title !Notes |- |2022 |{{ill|To My Nineteen-Year-Old Self|zh|給十九歲的我}} | |- |2017 |''The Chinese Widow''<br /><br />US Title called <br /><br />In Harm's Way (2017 film) |Writer |- |2015 |''A Tale of Three Cities''<br /><br />[[:zh:三城記_(2015年電影)|三城記]] | |- |2010 |''Echoes of the Rainbow''<br /><br />[[:zh:歲月神偷|歲月神偷]] | |- |2003 |''Traces of a Dragon: Jackie Chan &amp;amp; His Lost Family''<br /><br />[[:zh:龍的深處-失落的拼圖|龍的深處-失落的拼圖]] |Nominated - Golden Horse Awards for Best Documentary |- |2001 |''Beijing Rocks''<br /><br />[[:zh:北京樂與路|北京樂與路]] | |- |1998 |''City of Glass''<br /><br />[[:zh:玻璃之城|玻璃之城]] |Nominated - Hong Kong Film Award for Best Director<br /><br />Nominated - Hong Kong Film Award for Best Screenplay |- |1997 |''The Soong Sisters''<br /><br />[[:zh:宋家皇朝|宋家皇朝]] |Nominated - Hong Kong Film Award for Best Film<br /><br />Nominated - Hong Kong Film Award for Best Director |- |1992 |''Now You See Love, Now You Don't''<br /><br />[[:zh:我愛扭紋柴|我愛扭紋柴]] | |- | rowspan="2" |1991 |''The Banquet''<br /><br />[[:zh:豪門夜宴 (1991年電影)|豪門夜宴]] | |- |''Twin Dragons''<br /><br />[[:zh:雙龍會|雙龍會]] | |- |1989 |''Eight Taels of Gold''<br /><br />[[:zh:八兩金 (電影)|八兩金]] |Nominated - Hong Kong Film Award for Best Director<br /><br />Nominated - Hong Kong Film Award for Best Screenplay |- |1988 |''Painted Faces''<br /><br />[[:zh:七小福 (1988年電影)|七小福]] |Nominated - Hong Kong Film Award for Best Screenplay |- |1987 |''An Autumn's Tale''<br /><br />[[:zh:秋天的童話|秋天的童話]] |Hong Kong Film Award for Best Film<br /><br />Nominated - Hong Kong Film Award for Best Director |- |1985 |''The Illegal Immigrant''<br /><br />[[:zh:非法移民 (電影)|非法移民]] |Hong Kong Film Award for Best Director<br /><br />Special Jury Award (Asia-Pacific Film Festival) |- |} == The ''To Mi Duuɓi Sappo e Jeenay-Self'' Luural == E lewru Yarkomaa 2023, tato jaŋngooɓe duɗal sukaaɓe rewɓe Ying Wa tuumi Cheung e laamu duɗal ngal ko boni rewrude e peccugol e nder renndo ''[[To My Nineteen-Year-Old Self]]'', filmo mo duɗal sukaaɓe rewɓe Ying Wa alma mater Cheung yamiri ngam mooftude kaalis e almudɓe ɓennuɓe kugal. Tato e nder jeegom subjects filmo oo ina tuuma Ying Wa e Cheung waɗde ko fodanoo e fuɗɗoode ko eɓɓaande ndernderiire e ekkoraaji renndo tawa ɓe njaɓaani. Katie Kong, gooto e yimɓe filmo oo, wiyi e nder daartol mum to Instagram wonde o siifondirii e yamiroore ndee caggal nde yimɓe filmo ɓee mbiyi mo « ko heddii koo fof » waɗii ɗum. E nder winndannde ndee, kamera Cheung ina rewi e sukaaɓe rewɓe jeegom janngooɓe ko ina ɓura duuɓi sappo ngam seedaade mette e weltaare mawnugol e nder sahaa jiiɓru to Hong Kong. Wai-sze Sarah Lee, joloowo e welo-welo to Hong Kong, keɓɗo njeenaari njamndi e nder keirin rewɓe e Olimpiyaade Londres 2012, tuumi kadi Cheung e gollotooɓe e filmo oo wonde ɓe mbaɗti heen yeewtere e makko e nder filmo oo tawi ɓe njaɓaani. E nder yeewtere rajo Cheung jaɓii wonde kanko e gollotooɓe e makko ɓe naatii e nokku ɗo kawgel ngel waɗetee ɗoo to Japon tawi ɓe ngalaa yamiroore jaayndeyaagal laaɓtunde. Ɗum jibini kulhuli ummoraade e Fedde Jaayndeeji Dingiral Hong Kong e kewuuji yeewtere ɗi ngalaa yamiroore ngam waɗde ko wonaa jaayndeeji. Cheung ñaagii yaafuya, o habri ñalnde 5 feebariyee wonde ƴeewndorɗe ''To My Nineteen Year Old Self'' maa njokku haa geɗe ɗee fof laaɓta. == Ƴeew kadi == * Doggol jaŋngooɓe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Hong Kong == Tuugnorgal == {{reflist}} <references /> == Jokkondire yaajɗe == * Mabel Cheung at IMDb [[Category:Hong kong]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] [[Category:Yimɓe wuurɓe]] aj5asdiqycmugyx8zxzlinyntdaqndd 0 26583 180982 90131 2026-08-04T23:58:13Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180982 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Strega''' (e ɗemngal [[itaaliyanke]] ‘''witch''’ / ‘''sorceress''’) ko deftere ''detective hardboiled'' nde winndiyanke Ameriknaajo e awokaa Andrew Vachss winndi, nde fuɗɗii yaltude e hitaande 1987. Daartol ngol ina hollita doggol e halkaare ngol Burke, gonnooɗo wiɗtoowo keeriiɗo, e fedde pedofil en jeyaande e njulaagu porno sukaaɓe e modemuuji telefoŋaaji. Deftere nde winndaa, yaltinaa ko ɓooyi ko adii nde kulhuli renndo ngoo e huutoraade internet ngam sarde walla yeeyde porno sukaaɓe ina njaaji.<ref>{{cite book | title = Cultural Criminology Unleashed | first = Karin | last = Schofield | publisher = Routledge-Cavendish | isbn = 1-904385-37-0 | year= 2004 | chapter = Chapter 10 - Collisions of Culture and Crime: Media Commodifications of Child Sexual Abuse | pages = 126–127 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | title = Child Pornography: Crime, Computers and Society | url = https://archive.org/details/childpornography0000odon | first1 = Ian | last1 = O'Donnell | first2 = Claire | last2 = Milner | isbn = 978-1-84392-356-5 | page = [https://archive.org/details/childpornography0000odon/page/29 29] | publisher = Willan Publishing | year = 2007 }}</ref> Deftere ɗiɗmere e nder Burke Series, nde naatnii jikkuuji keewɗi jogorɗi yahrude yeeso e nder denndaangal series caggal ɗuum : Immaculata (giɗo Max, caggal ɗuum yumma ''Flower''); hisni cukalel jeewte biyeteeɗo Terry (mo wonata ɓiy Mole e Michelle); e Wolfe, gonɗo e golle balloowo awokaa diiwaan oo nde kewuuji ɗii e nder ndee daartol mbaɗata. Caggal nde deftere makko adannde wiyeteende ''Flood'' heɓi weltaare mawnde e njulaagu, Vachss jokkondiri e Robert Gottlieb, e oon sahaa gardiiɗo jaaynde New York Alfred A. Knopf, o siifondiri nanondiral e 175 000 dolaar [[Amerik]] ngam Strega. <ref>{{cite magazine |date = 25 May 1987|first = Eric|last = Pooley|publisher = New York Media, LLC|magazine = [[New York (magazine)|New York]]|issn = 0028-7369|page = 44|volume = 20|issue = 21|title = The Last Angry Man: Lawyer Andrew Vachss Takes to Novels to Fight Child Abuse}}</ref> Caggal ɗuum deftere ndee heɓi njeenaari mawndi e hitaande 1988, njeenaari [[Farayse]] mawndi wonande defte sirlu e bonanndeeji, e njeenaari Falcon ndi fedde Maltese ''Falcon Society'' to Japon rokki ndii e hitaande 1989.<ref>{{cite web | title = Andrew Vachss - Contemporary Author New Revision Series, Volume 44, pages 444-446 | url = http://www.vachss.com/vachss/authors.html | publisher = The Official Website of Andrew Vachss | accessdate = 16 October 2010 }}</ref> ==Firooji== {{Reflist}} 327asv64o7hollyev1o1vsu07k8fon0 0 26598 181146 89070 2026-08-05T02:58:06Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181146 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Baliqchi''' (ko ɓuri heewde e ko Turki ɓooyɗo balıkçı) ko innde konu nde Khaganat Khazar huutortoo. Ko ɓuri teeŋtude e ballal gonngal e woodgol helmere ndee ko daartol Teofaan Konfesoor, ciftorgol guwerneer Phanagoria e nder njillu Justinian II to Khazaria e hitaande 705 caggal Iisaa e innde Balgitzin – nde wonnoo sahaa e sahaa fof ko no fenaande [[Gerek]] en innde baliqchi, kono ɗum laaɓaani. So tawii Balgitzin ina waawi jokkondirde e baliqchi, ndeen ina waawi firtude "[gollirde golle/haala] jowitiinde e wuro/kaɓirɗe", no balık e ɗemngal Turki ɓooyngal firtirta "wuro kaɓɓodiika, kaɓirgal",<ref>{{Cite book|last=Clauson|first=Sir Gerard|title=An etymological dictionary of pre-thirteens-century Turkish|url=https://archive.org/details/etymologicaldict0000clau|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1972|pages=335f}}</ref> ɗum noon ina rokka tiitoonde walla a innde huuɓtodinnde wonande gardiiɗo wuro. Maanaaji goɗɗi ngam baliqchi ina cifaa, ko wayi no "liɗɗi", ina waawi firtude jokkondiral e doole laana ndiwoowa Ɓataake Schechter ina siftina Pesakh seneraal Khazar ko « ''BWLŠṢY'' » ( Hebrew == Tuugnorgal == {{Reflist}} <references /> * [[Kevin Alan Brook|Kevin Alan Bruk]] . ''Yahuudiyankooɓe Khazariya.'' 3ɓo ed. Rowman e Littlefield bayyinoowo, Inc, 2018. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-1-5381-0342-5|978-1-5381-0342-5]] * Duglaas M. Dunlop . ''Taariiha yahuudu’en Khazars,'' Princeton, NJ: Jaami’aare Princeton, hitaande 1954. * Piyeer B. Kaŋŋe . ''Jannde Khazar: Wiɗto daartol-filoloji dow iwdi Khazar.'' Budapest: Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Kiadó, hitaande 1980. * Norman Golb e Omeljan Pritsak, ''Binndanɗe Ebere Khazaar e Teeminannde Sappoɓiire.'' Ithaca: Duɗal jaami’aare Cornell, hitaande 1982. [[Category:South Africa]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 5kkhog4jp7zay1czb5y5x478hkxyhaw 0 26679 181187 89283 2026-08-05T03:44:08Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181187 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jemadar''' walla '''jamadar''' ko innde huutorteende ngam konu e ardiiɓe woɗɓe e nder duunde [[Indiya]]. == Etimoloji == Konngol ngol ummii ko e ɗemngal [[Urdu]] (جمعدار), ngol ummii ko e ɗemngal Perse jam’dar e ɗemngal Arab jamā‘a(t) ‘muster’ + Perse -dār ‘jogiiɗo’.’. == Ko adii koloñaal == Jemadar ko e fuɗɗoode ko jaagorde jom kaɓirɗe zamindar (laamɗo fedde) to leydi Inndo, hono seneraal konu, e wondude e Mridhas, ina joginoo kalfinaaɗo haɓde e yuɓɓinde hareeji, ko ɓuri heewde e remooɓe murtuɓe e yimɓe waasɓe wuurɓe e dow laamɗo lesdi. Kadi, ngalɗoo darnde huutortenoo ko e nder wuyɓe ɓee kadi, ko heewi ko gardiiɗo fedde ndee.<ref>{{cite book|last=Chatterjee|first=Partha|title=A Princely Impostor?|year=2004|url=https://archive.org/details/alf.3542.954.cha|publisher=Permanent Black|isbn=978-8178240848}}</ref> Caggal ɗuum, nde wonti darnde huutorteende e nder konu Inndo Angalteer, ɗo nde woni darnde ɓurnde lesɗude wonande ofisee gardiiɗo Viceroy . Jemadars ina ardoo pelle walla konu e koye mum en walla ina mballita komandaajo mum en [[Biritaani-Mawndi|Angalteer]] . Ɓe kebbini kadi golle rejiment ko wayi no balloowo kuuɓal (kuurtu jemadar) walla balloowo adjutant (adjutant jemadar). == Caggal koloñaal == Darnde ndee heddii e huutoreede e nder konu leydi Indiya haa hitaande 1965 ko darnde ɓurnde lesɗude e ofiseeji tokoosi . Darnde jemadar ndee wayliima caggal ɗuum e nder konu Indiya e konu Pakistaan fof, wonti naib subedar e nder diwanuuji konu koyɗe, e naib risaldar e nder diwanuuji konu pucci e diwanuuji konu kaɓirɗe. Jemadar ina heddii e darnde ofisee warhoore e nder konu [[Nepal]] . == Kuutorɗe goɗɗe == * Jemadar huutortenoo kadi ko e nokkuuji goɗɗi ngam hollirde ‘kapiteenuuji’ Inndo, hono ardiiɓe fedde wuyɓe ɓuuɓnooɓe yahooɓe.<ref name="mikedash">[[Mike Dash]], ''Thug: the true story of India's murderous cult'', {{ISBN|1-86207-604-9}}, 2005</ref> * Jemadar huutortenoo ko no tiitoonde darnde wonande ƴeewoowo indiyanke to polis municipaal Shanghai * Innde ndee ina jibini nde ''Star Trek'' maccuɓe leñol konunkooɓe anndiraande " Jem'Hadar " . * E yeeso deftere Edgar Rice Burroughs wiyeteende ''The Moon Men'', "Jemadar" ko tiitoonde laamɗo, ina sikkaa ko njiimaandi lewru addi ɗum e Leydi. == Ƴeew kadi == * Koli murtuɓe * Doggol leñol Koli * Doggol dowlaaji e leƴƴi Koli * Hatem Aali Jamadar (1872-1982), dawriyanke Bengali * Piyeer Jamadar, ñaawoowo leydi Trinidad == Tuugnorgal == {{reflist}} <references /> [[Category:South Africa]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] l9guihid0kjrtt11mqoorb112bo10wj 0 26746 181055 89506 2026-08-05T01:32:33Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181055 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Mulāzim''' (araabil: ملازم; Ottomaan [[Turkiya|Turki]] : Mülazım) ko golloowo tokooso e nder doole keewɗe e nder winndere aarabeeɓe e nder winndere aarabeeɓe, ko ina tolnoo e 100 000 neɗɗo. Ranndo ina waawi heewde fecceede e toɓɓe tati ceertuɗe : Mulāzim (arabem: ملازم, lit. 'ballal') Mulāzim ʔawwal (arabee: ملازم أول, lit. 'salwtaama') Mulāzim ṯānin (Aarabaagal: ملازم ثان, lelni. 'Balɗi sekon') == Tariya == E nder ƴeewndo James Henry Skene e hitaande 1851 feewde e konu Otomaan en, o teskiima wonde Mulazim ina yoɓee 280-350 piastre lewru kala (ina heen ñamri), ma a taw ko ɓuri konu Angalteer hannde nguu ; ko ofiseeji, uniformeeji maɓɓe baɗɗi Oropnaaɓe ina mbaɗi epaulettes kaŋŋe, e laceeji ceertuɗi e cukalel maɓɓe ngam maande darnde.<ref>{{cite book|last=Skene|title=The three eras of Ottoman history, a political essay on the late reforms of Turkey, considered principally as affecting her position in the event of a war taking place|url=https://archive.org/details/india.history.resource.70474|year=1851|pages=[https://archive.org/details/india.history.resource.70474/page/66 66]}}</ref> == Batte == E nder kuutoragol Dowla Mahdist en, Mülazım gooto ina jeyaa e garde kaliifa.<ref>{{cite book|last=McGregor|title=A Military History of Modern Egypt: From the Ottoman Conquest to the Ramadan War|year=2006|isbn=9780275986018|pages=[https://archive.org/details/militaryhistoryo00andr/page/290 290]|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/militaryhistoryo00andr/page/290}}</ref> == Ƴeew kadi == Njiylawu ofiseeji konu leyɗeele aarabeeɓe ==Firooji== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Aarabeeɓe]] omdzrueqakfx0wrn6ph1flm3590895v 0 26769 180973 89578 2026-08-04T23:52:42Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180973 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Ressaidar''' ko ofisee gardiiɗo laamɗo (VCO) e nder konu Inndo Angalteer. Ressaidar ina maantiniri konu tokooso risala walla risalah (ɓanndu puccu,<ref>{{Cite book|author=Francis Joseph Steingass|title=A Comprehensive Persian-English Dictionary, Including the Arabic words and phrases to be met with in literature|year=1892|edition=5th [1963]|publisher=[[Routledge & Kegan Paul]]|place=London|page=575|url=https://archive.org/details/AComprehensivePersian-EnglishDictionary-FrancisJosephSteingass|access-date=2022-07-06}} Apparently there is a 2015 edition from [[Munshiram Manoharlal]] Publishers, New Delhi, {{isbn|81-7304-669-7}}</ref> tawa ko konu walla konu <ref>{{cite book|first=W.(William) Y.|last=Carman|title=Indian Army Uniforms Under the British from the 18th Century to 1947: cavalry.|url=https://archive.org/details/indianarmyunifor00carm|date=1961|publisher=Leonard Hill|location=London|page=[https://archive.org/details/indianarmyunifor00carm/page/226 226]}}</ref>) e ɗemngal Persi. Ooɗoo darnde Ofisee jibinannde ina woodnoo e Kavalry tan, meeɗaani dañde darnde nanndunde e juuɗe goɗɗe ɗee. Ressaidar ko komandaajo konu tokooso, ko ɗum waɗi omo waawi jogaade 'Kapiteen' tokooso jibinannde.<ref>{{cite book|first=W.(William) Y.|last=Carman|title=Indian Army Uniforms Under the British from the 18th Century to 1947: cavalry.|url=https://archive.org/details/indianarmyunifor00carm|date=1961|publisher=Leonard Hill|location=London|page=[https://archive.org/details/indianarmyunifor00carm/page/225 225]}}</ref> Ko kanko heewi wonde hooreejo konu ɗiɗaɓuru e nder eskaadron, konu adanngu nguu ina ardii ɗum Risaldar, woni ‘Kapiteen’ mawɗo jeyaaɗo e leydi ndii. E jamaanu Raj Angalteer, Ressaidar ina joginoo darnde dow Jemadar walla Naib-Risaldar (darnde mum momtaa e hitaande 1865 )<ref>{{cite book|first=Lt. Francis Gordon|last=Cardew|pages=165, 333|title=A Sketch of the Services of the Bengal Native Army to the Year 1895|date=1903|publisher=Office of the Superintendent of Government, India|location=Calcutta}}</ref> e les Risaldar (e ooɗoo ɗiɗaɓo o won heen ina njiyloo ɗum, hay winndooɓe binndanɗe konu). Ressaidar ina fotnoo wonde ‘Kapiteen, 2nd ''Class’'' walla ‘Kapiteen lietnaa’, kono e wolde adunaare adannde, o limtaa ko e ‘Lietnaa’ jibinannde.<ref>{{cite book|first=Eugène|last=Plumon|title=Vade-mecum for the Use of Officers and Interpreters in the Present Campaign: French and English Technical and Military Terms|date=1914|publisher=Librairie Hachette & Cie|location=London|page=10}}</ref> Ɗum fof e wayde noon, VCO en fof ina ɓurnoo Ofisee britannique ɓurɗo lesɗude oo, jogiiɗo komisoŋ timmuɗo. Darnde Ressaidar momtaama gila 1 abriil 1921. Ofiseeji Inndo jogiiɗi ndeen darnde ina poti ɓeydeede e Risaldar<ref>Kate Morris (2006), Illustrated Dictionary of History, New Delhi: Lotus press, p.173, ISBN 81-89093-37-1</ref><ref>Journal of the United Service Institution of India, by the [[United Service Institution]], Volume 50-51, New Delhi 1921, p. 365</ref> == Tuugnorgal == ozcr2clev6yn7vfqj0c5xhx7z5zkl9q 0 26770 181160 89579 2026-08-05T03:17:38Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181160 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Risaldar-major''' ko adii fof ko ofisee pucci e nder konu Inndo Angalteer. E jamaanu laamu [[Angalteer]], ko kañum woni darnde ɓurnde toowde nde ɓiɗɓe leydi ndii mbaawi heɓde. Darnde ndee ko HEIC naatni ɗum e nder konu pucci Native e nder konu Hooreejo leydi, hedde hitaande 1825. E nder konu Native infanterie konu Madras, darnde fotnde e Subedar-''Major'' sosaa (e wondude e Colour-havildar) ko adii ñalnde 2 feebariyee , 1819. Haa e oon ñalngu, konu Bengal ina joginoo darnde ndee de Subedar-Major naatnaa ko adii, ñalnde 28 oktoobar 1817.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Red Coats to Olive Green: A History of the Indian Army, 1600-1974|url=https://archive.org/details/redcoatstooliveg00longuoft|last=Longer|first=V.|date=1974|publisher=Bombay: Allied Publishers|isbn=9780856551307|page=[https://archive.org/details/redcoatstooliveg00longuoft/page/62 62]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zp0FbTniNaYC&dq=p54&pg=PA54|title=War, Culture and Society in Early Modern South Asia, 1740-1849|last=Roy|first=Kaushik|date=2011|publisher=Milton Park, Abingdon-on-Thames (UK) / New York (USA): Routledge|others=(Google books)|isbn=9781136790874}}</ref> Risaldar-major ko risaldar ɓurɗo mawnude (darnde konu fotnde e kapiteen) e nder konu nguu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.members.dca.net/fbl/glossary.html|title=Glossary of British and Indian army|access-date=24 November 2007|archive-date=21 December 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071221015935/http://www.members.dca.net/fbl/glossary.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ranndo ngoo ko ofisee Viceroy e nder konu pucci. Risaldar-majors e subedar-majors maa mbaɗtu wonde wakiliijo leñol mum en e ofiseeji Angalteer, kono kadi ina mbaawi yamirde sosiyeteeji jeytaare resp. konuuli konuuli ɗi ngonaa njuɓɓudi. Hannde risaldar-major ko ofisee mawɗo e nder konu leydi [[Indiya]] e konu [[Pakistan|Pakistaan]], e konu remount e konu daabaaji. Ina jogii golle e maandeeji hono no subedar-major konu koyɗe nii. == Tuugnorgal == nxf1hh4r3ht7ss8muu5psco6u2ldcms 0 26913 181061 90113 2026-08-05T01:36:32Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181061 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Warngo to Mt. Fuji''' (Wの悲劇, Daburyū no Higeki, Musiiba W) ko deftere Japonnaare nde binndoowo Shizuko Natsuki winndi.<ref>{{cite book|editor=Michael Ashley|title=The Mammoth Encyclopedia of Modern Crime Fiction|url=https://archive.org/details/mammothencyclope0000unse_m8s5|publisher=Robinson|year=2002|isbn=9781841192871|page=[https://archive.org/details/mammothencyclope0000unse_m8s5/page/358 358]}}</ref> Nde waɗtaa e dille teleeji Japon keewɗe e filmo. == Ngeesa == "Mi fiyi mawni am haa o maayi." E ɗeeɗoo konnguɗi, ronooɓe alɗuɓe biyeteeɗo Chiyo Wada, ñaawii hoore mum e warngo mawniiko, hono Yohei Wada, mawɗo galle alɗuɗo jogiiɗo konglomeraat mawɗo. Chiyo addiino sehil mum Jane Prescott ngam waɗde ñalɗi hitaande hesere e ɓesngu mum : Yohei, neene Mine, mawniiko Shigeru, yumma mum Yoshie, baaba mum Sawahiko, ɓiyiiko gorko biyeteeɗo Takuo, e Doktoor Shohei Mazaki, mo nganndu-ɗaa ko tergal galle mo alaa ko woni e mum. So Yohei waraama, wiɗto ngoo waɗata ko detektoreeɓe Ukyo Nakazato e Katsubei Aiura, ɓe naamne mum en ɓuri jaabaade. Mbele ko goonga Chiyo warii mawniiko, playboy ganndiraaɗo keewɗo ƴattaade mo? Walla ko tergal galle goɗɗo sosi mo? Jaabawuuli ɗii maa ngona pellital ngam ɓesngu Wada heddoraade - walla seertude. == Teskorɗe == Seɗɗa e jime mawɗe ɗee mbayliima inɗe mum en : Innde e firo Engele Innde Japon asliire Wada Watsuji (和辻) Chiyo Mako (摩子) Kazue Yosiye Sawahiko Michihiko (道彦) Tiitoonde Shizuko Natsuki asliire Daburyū no Higeki ko teddungal e defte Ellery laamɗo debbo biyeteeɗe « Tragédie de... defte » kitaale 1930, ɗe ummorii ko e X haa Z, ɗe Drury Lane woni hooreejo mum. == E nder jaayɗe goɗɗe == Wonande deftere ndee e ɗemngal Engele, jikku Japonnaajo biyeteeɗo Harumi Ichijō (一条 春生, Ichijō Harumi) lomtinaama jikku Ameriknaajo biyeteeɗo Jane Prescott. Ndeeɗoo sifaa waylaaka e nder mbayliigu jaayɗe, hay so tawii noon Harumi Ichijō ina jogii jokkondire ceertuɗe e ronooɓe alɗuɓe Mako Watsuji (和辻 摩子, Watsuji Mako) fawaade e mbayliigu nguu. == Drama tele == Daburyū no Higeki waɗiraa ko dingiral teleeji e hitaande 1983, 1986, 2001, 2010 e 2012. Iteraaji nay gadani ɗii ko minisereeji ɗi duumotoo ko ɓuri balɗe ɗiɗi ; iteration cakkitiiɗo oo duumii ko 8 episodes e yontere kala, ko ɓuri famɗude e hakkundeere wonande drama season tipikal. == Vidiyo == Winndannde mawnde: Musiiba W Deftere nde waɗiraa ko filmo e hitaande 1984, ko Shinichiro Sawai ardii nde. == Bibliyogaraafi == Nasuki, Sizuko (1984). Warngo to Mt. Fuji. New York: Jaaynde St. Martin. <nowiki>ISBN 0312552874</nowiki>. OCLC 10146176. == Tuugnorgal == 4drxrl2hv1mabjf3xsz742558m2tt58 0 26937 181025 90219 2026-08-05T01:00:16Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181025 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Deftere Asta''' ko deftere winndiyanke Angalteernaajo biyeteeɗo Ruth Rendell winndi e hitaande 1993, winndi e innde Barbara Vine.<ref name="The Independent - 28Mar1993 - Shena Mackay - A cold fish in a shoal of red herrings">{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/book-review--a-cold-fish-in-a-shoal-of-red-herrings-astas-book--barbara-vine-viking-pounds-1599-1500402.html|title=A cold fish in a shoal of red herrings: Asta's Book - Barbara Vine|last=Shena Mackay|author-link=Shena Mackay|date=28 March 1993|work=[[The Independent]]|accessdate=12 April 2011}}</ref> Nde yalti ko e leydi [[Amerik]] e tiitoonde Deftere Anna. == Ngeesa == Daartol Asta, egguɗo Danemarknaajo to Londres e hitaande 1905, ɓuri haaleede ko e flashback rewrude e yiytude deftere makko nde ɓiyiiko debbo yiyti.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Barbara Vine/Ruth Rendell|journal=Books|publisher=Gradegate Limited|year=1990|page=30}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=L. W. Sumner|title=Welfare, happiness, and ethics|url=https://archive.org/details/welfarehappiness0000sumn|publisher=Clarendon Press|year=1996|ISBN=9780198244400|page=[https://archive.org/details/welfarehappiness0000sumn/page/96 96]}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == d1tz6hx3oysk9opwr6dx420v9ikz1z4 0 27403 180845 92221 2026-08-04T21:29:21Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180845 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Dow maayo ɗo maayɓe njahata''' ko deftere winndiyanke [[Ameriknaajo]] biyeteeɗo [[George Pelecanos]] winndi e hitaande 1995.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Mammoth Encyclopedia of Modern Crime Fiction|url=https://archive.org/details/mammothencyclope0000unse_m8s5|page=[https://archive.org/details/mammothencyclope0000unse_m8s5/page/382 382]|date=1 January 2002|publisher=Robinson|isbn=978-1-84119-287-1}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=1995-05-15|title=Down by the River Where the Dead Men Go|url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/george-pelecanos/down-by-the-river-where-the-dead-men-go/|access-date=2024-08-28|website=[[Kirkus Reviews]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=1995-04-15|title=Down by the River Where the Dead Men Go|url=https://www.booklistonline.com/Down-by-the-River-Where-the-Dead-Men-Go-George-P-Pelecanos/pid=632846|url-access=subscription|access-date=2024-08-29|website=[[Booklist]]|archive-date=2024-08-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240830025225/https://www.booklistonline.com/Down-by-the-River-Where-the-Dead-Men-Go-George-P-Pelecanos/pid=632846|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=1995-05-29|title=Down by the River Where the Dead Men Go|url=https://www.publishersweekly.com/9780312130565|access-date=2024-08-29|website=[[Publishers Weekly]]|archive-date=2024-08-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240830025106/https://www.publishersweekly.com/9780312130565|url-status=live}}</ref> Ko deftere tataɓere e nder defte tati, tawi ko gooto e maɓɓe woni hooreejo mum, hono Nick Stefanos. E nder dingiral filmo "''Shallow'' ''Hal''", jimol mawngol ngol ina yiyee ina jannga ndee deftere. == Baɗte plot == E nder ndeeɗoo deftere, Stefanos woppii golle mum gadiiɗe ɗee, hono wiɗtoowo bonanndeeji to [[Washington D.C]]., o wuuri ko e barmannde e nder bar nokku oo. == Ciimtol firo == Stefanos ina haɓa e mettere mum ɓeydotoonde, ina etoo fawde ɗum e alkol. O naati e warngo Calvin Jeter, ɓernde makko artiri mo e golle makko gadiiɗe ɗee. Ina wonta yahdu e nder nokku ɓurɗo tiiɗde e laamorgo [[Amerik]] e nokku ɓurɗo ɓaleede e nder ruuhu aadee. == Teskorɗe == qrgzg18931tvwn8iwyhlqmdrmijsocs 0 27608 181188 101976 2026-08-05T03:45:12Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181188 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Suuɗde e yiylaade''' ko deftere warhoore nde Ian Rankin winndi e hitaande 1991. Ko ɗiɗmere e defte Inspekteer Rebus. Ndee deftere fotaani jiiɓde e deftere James Patterson winndi e hitaande 1996 wiyeteende ''Hide and Seek.'' == Ciimtol firo == ''Detective Inspector'' John Rebus yiyti ɓanndu neɗɗo jom dorog ɓurɗo heewde doole e nder ŋoral Edinburgh, ina fawii e dow leydi no leggal nii, hakkunde buubaaji ɗiɗi ɓuuɓɗi, ina waɗi hoodere joy-joy pentiinde e dow mahol dow. Won e gollodiiɓe makko ina njiɗi limtude ɗum e maayde "junkie" nde wootere, kono Rebus ina muusi ɗum e won e geɗe ɗe keewaani : paaspoor keewɗo heroin e nder suudu maayɗo oo, e won e ɓuuɓri sirlu e yeeso makko e ɓanndu makko. Rebus ina ƴetta no feewi maayde ko ɓuri nanndude e warngo ñalnde kala, o fuɗɗoo wiɗtude ngonka goonga e maayde. E nder wiɗto makko, Rebus tawi suka debbo oo ina wiyee Tracy annduɗo gorko maayɗo oo, nani konngol mum cakkitiingol kulɓiniingol: "Hide! Suuɗde!" Ina feeñi wonde maayɗo oo ƴettii, suuɗii won e fotooji sensible e nder fedde terɗe keeriinde, ina wiyee Hyde's, ɗo yimɓe jokkondirɓe no feewi e nder renndo ngo ina ƴeewa pottitte boksi ɗe ngonaa sariya. Rebus ina waawi nanngude joom mum Hyde e terɗe keewɗe toowɗe, kono e mbaydi mum fof ina maaya e maayɗeele sikkitaaɗe tawa ina kaɗaa : doole-ɗe-mbaylaare ina njuɓɓina ɗum ngam haɗde fenaande. == Jokkondiral e defte Rankin goɗɗe == Rian, jikku peeñɗo e deftere Rankin adannde, ''The Flood'', feeñii kadi e ndee deftere. Rebus ina siftora jaayndiyanke biyeteeɗo Jim Stevens mo Knots and Crosses, e wonde gila ndeen o ummiima Londres, o resi suka debbo « feccere e duuɓi makko » - ko ɗum woni ko Stevens holliti e Watchman. So o hawrii e renndo, Rebus ina jogii yeewtere seeɗa e Gordon Reeve mo Knots e Crosses. Jikkuuji keewɗi Brian Holmes, banndiiko detektor, e hooreejo "''Farmer''" Watson adii feeñde ɗoo. == Binndol Suuɗde e Yiylaade == E nder Exile on Princes Street, Rankin wiyi ko ɗum woni eɓɓoore makko ɗiɗmere ngam hesɗitinde Dr. Jekyll e Mr. Hyde mo Robert Louis Stevenson winndi e nder wuro Edinburgh hannde ngoo ("ƴeewtotooɗo gooto 'heɓii ɗum'"), e ndee deftere o fuɗɗii yiɗde Rebus no o waawirta haalde e nder jikku makko e miijo makko miijooji e dow Ecoppi.<ref>{{cite book|last=Rankin|first=Ian|date=2000|title=Rebus: The Early Years|url=https://archive.org/details/rebusearlyyears0000rank|location=London, UK|publisher=[[Orion Books]]|pages=vii–viii|isbn=978-0-75283-799-4}}</ref> O teskiima kadi wonde, caggal nde o ummii Londres seeɗa, won haala goonga ka worɓe jom en jawɗeele en njuɓɓinta awokaaji e ñaawooɓe, ko nanndi e won e geɗe deftere ndee : « naamne naamnaama e nder parlemaa » e awokaaji ɗiɗi puɗɗii wiɗtude wiɗto polis. "Ko haawnii e yimɓe fof, ndeeɗoo wiɗto hollitii wonde tuume ɗee ko fenaande. Polis en wonɓe e ñaawoore ndee tawi ko kamɓe ngoni ko e dogde..."<ref>{{cite book|last=Rankin|first=Ian|date=2000|title=Rebus: The Early Years|url=https://archive.org/details/rebusearlyyears0000rank|location=London, UK|publisher=[[Orion Books]]|page=viii|isbn=978-0-75283-799-4}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == rqpap8vwbus0rkzx17xtikbw25ftitd 0 28257 181032 102651 2026-08-05T01:07:37Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181032 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Jack, Knave e Fool''' ko deftere joyaɓere daartol sirlu ko faati e Sir John ''Fielding'' nde Bruce Alexander winndi.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Alexander|first=Bruce|title=Jack, knave, and fool|url=https://archive.org/details/jackknavefool00alex|date=1998|publisher=Putnam|isbn=978-0-399-14419-6|location=New York}}</ref> == Ciimtol firo == Sir John ina jogori waɗde galle mum e jimɗi Händel, kono warngo ina addana ɗum noddaango ngo aldaa e nanondiral. E nder ɗuum, reprobate dognoowo e hoore nde alaa ɓanndu ina ngadda caɗeele goɗɗe e magistrat. == Tuugnorgal == efuuj3nh5w4h8is5zcuxfgbh44prnoa 0 28828 181195 111733 2026-08-05T03:52:38Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181195 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Public Smog''' ko "park weeyo" mo naalanke biyeteeɗo Amy Balkin mo San Francisco e wallidiiɓe mum mbaɗi e kuutoragol laabi kaalis, politik, e sariya..<ref>[http://www.publicsmog.org// Public Smog website]</ref>Faandaare Public Smog ko "teeŋtinde caɗeele e luural porotokolle taariindi jooni ɗee."<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150923201058/http://www.cca.rca.ac.uk/publicsmog/documents/PressRelease_publicsmog.pdf Press Release from the Royal College of Art]</ref>.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Demos|first=T.J.|title=Decolonizing Nature|url=https://archive.org/details/decolonizingnatu0000demo|publisher=Sternberg Press|year=2016|isbn=978-3-956790-94-2|location=Berlin|pages=[https://archive.org/details/decolonizingnatu0000demo/page/106 106]–12}}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150923201058/http://www.cca.rca.ac.uk/publicsmog/documents/PressRelease_publicsmog.pdf Press Release from the Royal College of Art]</ref> == Yiyngo == Parc atmosphérique smog public ina waɗi nokkuuji ɗiɗi ceertuɗi e mawneeki e nokku. Park toowɗo oo udditaa ko dow Dental Orop e hitaande 2006 e parc les oo woni ko e dow nokku ɗo henndu nduu woni ɗoo e hitaande 2004. Gooto heen fof udditaa ko e soodde mbayliigaaji weeyo, caggal ɗuum ittude henndu soodaandu nduu e kuutoragol.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Demos|first=T.J.|title=Decolonizing Nature|url=https://archive.org/details/decolonizingnatu0000demo|publisher=Sternberg Press|year=2016|isbn=978-3-956790-94-2|location=Berlin|pages=[https://archive.org/details/decolonizingnatu0000demo/page/106 106]–12}}</ref>Feccere park oo fof ina uddii hannde. == Laabi gollorɗi == Won e laabi mawɗi kuutorteeɗi ngam sosde Public Smog ko soodde e reentaade mborosaaji e etaade ɓeydude weeyo Leydi e doggol taariindi winndere UNESCO.[4] == Tuugnorgal == <references /> lumt327uk55409uxjeaj5moye72az8h 0 28906 180952 108098 2026-08-04T23:30:32Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180952 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Njiylawu weeyo''' ko huutoraade laabi ƴeewndo e limto ngam janngude geɗe kemikal e biyoloji baɗɗe sifaa weeyo.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Zhang|first=Chunlong|title=Fundamentals of environmental sampling and analysis|date=2024|publisher=JW-Wiley|others=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-119-77856-1|edition=Second|location=Hoboken, NJ}}</ref> Faandaare ndee ko heewi ko ƴeewtaade e janngude tolnooji mborosaaji e nder weeyo, e nder maayooji e nokkuuji goɗɗi keertiiɗi.<ref name="Reeve">{{cite book|last1=Reeve|first1=Roger N.|title=Environmental Analysis: Analytical Chemistry by Open Learning|url=https://archive.org/details/environmentalana00reev|date=1994|publisher=ACOL (University of Greenwich) by John Wiley|isbn=978-0-471-95134-6}}{{page needed|date=April 2021}}</ref> Kadi, ngam yuurnitaade keewal geɗe tawaaɗe e kemikal.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Radojević|first=Miroslav|title=Practical environmental analysis|last2=Baškin|first2=Vladimir Nikolaevič|date=2006|publisher=RSC publ|isbn=978-0-85404-679-9|edition=2nd|location=Cambridge}}</ref> Teknikaaji goɗɗi ƴeewndotooɗi nokkuuji ina mbaɗi wiɗtooji biyoloji walla wiɗtooji nguurndam, ƴeewndorɗe leydi walla jarribooji leydi, wiɗtooji leɗɗe, anndinde leɗɗe, e ƴeewndorɗe to woɗɗi kuutortooɗe natal satelitaaji ngam ƴeewndaade nokkuuji ɗii e dow tolnooji nokkuuji ceertuɗi. == Karallaagal ƴeewndo == '''Anndugol kemikal''' ina heewi waɗde ƴettugol won e nokkuuji e nder weeyo e huutoraade kaɓirɗe laboratuwaar ngam anndude no foti won e mbaydiiji njiylotooɗi ɗii woodi. Anndugol kemikal ina waawi huutoreede ngam ƴeewde tolno pollugol ngam moƴƴinde, walla ngam humpitaade so tawii ndiyam les ɗam ina moƴƴi e yarde.<ref name="Reeve" /> [[File:A_biological_survey_of_North_Dakota_(1926)_(20194130939).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:A_biological_survey_of_North_Dakota_(1926)_(20194130939).jpg|thumb|159x159px|Wiɗtooji biyoloji miisaalu]] Yeru wiɗto biyoloji (leƴƴi ceertuɗi) '''Wiɗtooji biyoloji''' ina keewi waɗde fotde keewal muminteeji goɗɗi e nder nokkuuji goɗɗi ngam tabitinde humpitooji ko faati e ekosistem ngam dalillaaji keertiiɗi. Anndugol hono ngol ina waawi huutoreede e nder golle ngam faamde keewal leƴƴi, walla ƴeewde no batte yaajɗe ummoraade e weeyo ɗee mbaɗirta ekosistem.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Raxworthy|first1=Christopher J.|last2=Pearson|first2=Richard G.|last3=Rabibisoa|first3=Nirhy|last4=Rakotondrazafy|first4=Andry M.|last5=Ramanamanjato|first5=Jean-Baptiste|last6=Raselimanana|first6=Achille P.|last7=Wu|first7=Shenghai|last8=Nussbaum|first8=Ronald A.|last9=Stone|first9=Dáithí A.|title=Extinction vulnerability of tropical montane endemism from warming and upslope displacement: a preliminary appraisal for the highest massif in Madagascar|journal=Global Change Biology|date=2008|volume=14|issue=8|pages=1703–1720|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01596.x|pmc=3597264|bibcode=2008GCBio..14.1703R}}</ref> '''Pooɗondiral leydi''' ina waawi waɗde ƴeewndo kemikal, kono ko ɓuri heewde e pooɗondiral leydi ko ittude taƴre leydi ngam faamde hol ko kala laral leydi waɗi ngam dalillaaji keertiiɗi. Sammbaaji leydi ina mbaawi haajuuji so tawii ina mbaawi mahde e nokku gooto, walla tan ngam feewnude mbaadi nokku, walla ngam anndude peewnugol gese potɗe waɗeede e teskaade tolnooji ñamri.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=March-Salas|first1=Martí|last2=Moreno-Moya|first2=Miguel|last3=Palomar|first3=Gemma|last4=Tejero-Ibarra|first4=Pablo|last5=Haeuser|first5=Emily|last6=Pertierra|first6=Luis R.|title=An innovative vegetation survey design in Mediterranean cliffs shows evidence of higher tolerance of specialized rock plants to rock climbing activity|journal=Applied Vegetation Science|year=2018|volume=21|issue=2|pages=289–297|doi=10.1111/avsc.12355|s2cid=89700469}}</ref> [[File:Remote_Sensing_Illustration.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Remote_Sensing_Illustration.jpg|thumb|199x199px|Remote sensing illustration]] '''Wiztooji leɗɗe''' ina nanndi no feewi e wiztooji nguurndam, ko laawol pooɗondiral keewal leɗɗe e leɗɗe nder nokku keeriiɗo ngam faamde ko ɓuri heewde e ekosistem ngam dalillaaji keertiiɗi. Heen sahaaji ɗiin ina mbaɗee ngam faamde batte ekolosii ummoraade e geɗe yaajɗe, walla ngam anndude tan cellal ekosistem fof.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=March-Salas|first1=Martí|last2=Moreno-Moya|first2=Miguel|last3=Palomar|first3=Gemma|last4=Tejero-Ibarra|first4=Pablo|last5=Haeuser|first5=Emily|last6=Pertierra|first6=Luis R.|title=An innovative vegetation survey design in Mediterranean cliffs shows evidence of higher tolerance of specialized rock plants to rock climbing activity|journal=Applied Vegetation Science|year=2018|volume=21|issue=2|pages=289–297|doi=10.1111/avsc.12355|s2cid=89700469}}</ref> '''Remote sensing''' ina waawi huutoreede ngam yuurnitaade weeyo tawa ina ƴetta natal satelitaaji e nder njuuteendi ɓoggi keewɗi ngam yuurnitaade nokkuuji e tolnooji ceertuɗi ngam faandaare wonnde. Remote sensing ina waawi huutoreede ngam anndude kuutoragol leydi, ina waawi huutoreede ngam anndude bonnugol yiite ladde, ina waawi huutoreede ngam anndude mbaydiiji weeyo e meteoroloji, kadi ngam anndude mbaydiiji weeyo.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Alvarez-Mendoza|first1=Cesar I.|last2=Teodoro|first2=Ana|last3=Ramirez-Cando|first3=Lenin|title=Spatial estimation of surface ozone concentrations in Quito Ecuador with remote sensing data, air pollution measurements and meteorological variables|journal=Environmental Monitoring and Assessment|year=2019|volume=191|issue=3|pages=155|doi=10.1007/s10661-019-7286-6|pmid=30741362|s2cid=73453804}}</ref> Yahrugol yeeso ko ɓooyaani e fannu ƴeewndo to woɗɗi addani kadi ƴellitgol kaɓirɗe autonome ngam yuurnitaade paaraaji fisik e kemikal nokkuuji kuutortooɗi ƴeewndorɗe.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Poma|first1=N.|last2=Vivaldi|first2=F.|last3=Bonini|first3=A.|last4=Carbonaro|first4=N.|last5=Di Rienzo|first5=F.|last6=Melai|first6=B.|last7=Kirchhain|first7=A.|last8=Salvo|first8=P.|last9=Tognetti|first9=A.|last10=Di Francesco|first10=F.|title=Remote monitoring of seawater temperature and pH by low cost sensors|journal=Microchemical Journal|year=2019|volume=148|pages=248–252|doi=10.1016/j.microc.2019.05.001|s2cid=164410429}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> ihq8a1uqqqc2bcp6hx2b8wd9efgl7is 0 28911 181176 107666 2026-08-05T03:32:23Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181176 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Databox}}Gila e Wikipedia, ansiklopiiji ɗi ngalaa njoɓdi "'''Edgeland'''" ina rewna ɗoo. Ngam albom Karl Hyde, ƴeew Edgeland (albom). == == Edgelands ko helmere wonande nokku gonɗo hakkunde laddeeji e gure no urbanisaasiyoŋ nii.Ɗeeɗoo nokkuuje ina keewi wonde e tagoore nde e saraaji gure, gure, laabi e mahaaɗe ɗe njiyataa kono ina poti, ko wayi no lowre doole walla depooji, e saraaji gure.urbanisation]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Andrew|last=Walker|title=Aspects of Lincoln: Discovering Local History|url=https://archive.org/details/aspectsoflincoln0000unse|publisher=Wharncliffe Books|date=14 June 2002|isbn=978-1903425046|page=[https://archive.org/details/aspectsoflincoln0000unse/page/134 134]|quote=THE TERM 'EDGE-LAND' has been coined recently for the concept of a neglected area on the fringe of a city.}}</ref> == == Tariya == Miijo edgelands ko Marion Shoard yaltini ɗum e hitaande 2002, ngam suɗaade nokkuuji ɗi njuɓɓinaaka kono ɗi keewi wonde ko ɓuuɓɗi hakkunde wuro peewniraango e leydi ndi njuɓɓudi mum ɓuri heewde. Kono noon, teeminannde e feccere ko adii ɗuum, Victor Hugo ina teskinoo tawo woodgol ko o wiynoo « ladde mbaylaandi ... bonnde kono ko huunde nde alaa ɗo haaɗi, tawa ina waɗi sifaaji ɗiɗi ceertuɗi, tawi ina taaroo won e gure mawɗe »;e nder ɗuum, Richard Jeffries ina ƴeewtoo ko wayi no nokku gonɗo e saraaji Londres ( Nature London83). == Ƴeew kadi == Geokritik Joogaraafi aadee Nokku tataɓo Topofiliya W. G. Sebald == Tuugnorgal == 0nxsjf6fc4sod29bq4ziamdwithtwz0 0 29020 181023 153046 2026-08-05T00:58:02Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181023 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sarah Henrietta Persse''' (yalnde sappo 10 [[lewru]] Maayi hiitande dubi alif 1866 - 14 Apriil 1927) ko neɗɗo Irlande, daraniiɗo woote. Persse ko tergal e galle diisnondiral Perse to Galway, kadi ko jokkondiral e Laamɗo Gregory. O jibinaa ko to Glenarde, to Galway. Jibnaaɓe makko ko Henry Sadleir Perse (1838-1900)<ref>{{Cite news|date=1927-04-18|title=Connaught|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/irish-independent-connaught/171276455/|access-date=2025-04-28|work=Irish Independent|pages=8|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> gardiiɗo diisnondiral to duunde Nun, e Eleanor Alis Seymour Perse. Persse ko tataɓo e nder sukaaɓe sappo. E hitaande 1899 o jeyaa ko e rewɓe ɗiɗo kanndidaaji e nder diiwaan hirnaange e fuɗnaange fedde nde wonaa laamuyankoore to Galway. O woppii ƴeewndo wonde ''Poor Law Guardian'' ñalnde wootere ko adii wooteeji ɗii sabu maayde baaba makko e hitaande 1900, o tawtoraaki wooteeji garooji ɗii. Nde miñiiko e ɓesngu mum ngummii e galle ɓesngu Persse, o hoɗi to Londres. O maayi toon ko e hitaande 1927.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Sarah Persse: Pioneering woman candidate withdrew from politics before polling day|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/heritage/sarah-persse-pioneering-woman-candidate-withdrew-from-politics-before-polling-day-1.3718570|last=Clancy|first=Mary|date=10 December 2018|newspaper=The Irish Times|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-05-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Clancy|first1=Mary|editor1-last=Moran|editor1-first=Gerard|editor2-last=Gillespie|editor2-first=Raymond|editor3-last=Nolan|editor3-first=William|title=Galway History & Society: Interdisciplinary Essays on the History of an Irish County|url=https://archive.org/details/galwayhistorysoc0000gera|date=1996|publisher=Geography Publications|location=Dublin|isbn=0906602750|pages=[https://archive.org/details/galwayhistorysoc0000gera/page/557 557]–587|chapter=The Western Outpost: Local Government and Women's Suffrage in County Galway 1898-1918}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == {{Reflist}} laq84z99tytxtdtxmzguwwj5v7js57c 0 29054 180979 153280 2026-08-04T23:56:39Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180979 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Arabella Valpy''' (1833 – 18 lewru Yarkomaa 1910) ko gooto e ɓiɓɓe jeegom (6) ɓe William Henri Valpy e Caroline Valpy (jibinaa ko Jeffreys), ɓesngu piilaaɗo ummoriiɗo Angalteer fayde Dunedin, Nuwel Selannde, e lewru Yarkomaa 1849 e nder laana ndiwoowa Ajax.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ajax list|url=http://www.ngaiopress.com/ajaxlist.htm|website=www.ngaiopress.com|accessdate=2015-10-25}}</ref> Arabella jibinaa ko to leydi Bengal hirnaange, to leydi [[India|Indiya]], ɗo baaba mum wonnoo ñaawoowo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Arabella Jeffreys Valpy (1833 - 1910) - Find A Grave Memorial|url=https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/130729539|website=www.findagrave.com|accessdate=2015-10-25}}</ref> Valpy ina siftoree noddaango Seneraal William Booth to Nuwel Selannde ngam naatnude Konu Kisal e nder koloñaal. O winndi mo e lewru abriil 1882, ina heen eɓɓoore banke ngam yoɓde teemedde ɗiɗi mbuuɗu ngam yoɓde njoɓdi, e lewru noowammbar 1882 ofiseeji ɗiɗi neldaa to leydi Nuwel Selannde ngam sosde konu kisnugol.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Book of New Zealand Women|url=https://archive.org/details/bookofnewzealand0000unse_m1x9|editor-last=Macdonald|editor-first=Charlotte|publisher=Bridget Williams Books|year=1991|isbn=0908912048|location=Wellington, New Zealand|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bookofnewzealand0000unse_m1x9/page/702 702]–704}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Dunedin Beginnings|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/1966/salvation-army|website=www.teara.govt.nz|accessdate=2015-10-25|first=McLintock, Alexander|last=Hare|first2=Alfred James Gilliard, formerly Territorial Commander, New Zealand Salvation|last2=Army.|first3=New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu|last3=Taonga}}</ref> O sosi fedde wiyeteende Band of Hope, kanko e miñiraaɓe makko rewɓe Ellen Penelope Jeffreys e Catherine Valpy, o huutorii kadi kaalis makko ngam soodde galle to Dunedin ngam waɗde suudu kafe laana ndiwoowa, ndu o ardii e hoore makko. Valpy wallitorii ƴettugol sariya woote 1893, baɗɗo hakke suɓaade rewɓe, o siifondiri e Parlemaa ɗaɓɓaande yo woote ɗee njaajne e rewɓe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Arabella J. Valpy {{!}} NZHistory, New Zealand history online|url=http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/suffragist/arabella-j-valpy|website=www.nzhistory.net.nz|accessdate=2015-10-25}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> 27svc8v7jorb440zo7tmdad8a4pjsxx 0 29088 181181 132520 2026-08-05T03:37:05Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181181 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Thelma Arimiebi''' Ekiyor ko awokaajo [[Naajeeriya]], jom jawdi en e jom jawdi en, o golliima e nder golle laamu e nder juɓɓule keewɗe.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5">{{Cite book|last=Gbowee, Leymah.|title=Mighty be our powers : how sisterhood, prayer, and sex changed a nation at war : a memoir|year=2013|url=https://archive.org/details/mightybeourpower0000gbow_d6p3|isbn=978-0-9842951-9-7|pages=[https://archive.org/details/mightybeourpower0000gbow_d6p3/page/108 108]|oclc=833132672}}</ref> Ekiyor ɓuri tiiɗnaade ko e waɗde ngalu e rewɓe jom en ngalu. O fuɗɗorii golle makko ko e wallitde rewɓe e mahngo jam e semmbinde rewɓe e sukaaɓe e jeytaare kaalis e heɓde jaŋde. Omo jogii humpito e eɓɓaaɗe e nder ko ina ɓura 22 leydi [[Afirik|Afrik]]. Ekiyor golliima e leyɗeele caggal wolde ko wayi no Liberiya e daraniiɗo jam biyeteeɗo Leymah Gbowee. Jaangirde Thelma Ekiyor heɓi MBA mum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Imperial College to Londres, to leydi Angalteer, o heɓi kadi dipolomaaji sariya e LLB Honors to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Buckingham. Ko o jannginoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde rewɓe Afrik,e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde 2002 to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Mennonite fuɗnaange to Amerik, jokkondirngal no feewi e WANEP e WISPEN-Africa. Ekiyor kadi ko Fedde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Stanford. == Mahngo jam == Tuggi 2005 haa 2007, Ekiyor wonnoo ko gardiiɗo mawɗo eɓɓaande ballal ngam haɓaade hareeji e mahngo jam (CIPS) to Duɗal Jaaɓihaaɗtirde Cape Town, Afrik worgo.E nder ndee ɗoo darnde, o wallitorii yaajtinde mbaawkaaji leƴƴi Afrik gonɗi e mahngo caggal wolde. E hitaande 2005, Ekiyor e Razaan Bailey mbinndi ciimtol ko faati e Eɓɓaande Waylude Kasooji (PTP), ina wiyee « Ƴellitaare Ñaawoore Restoraaji e nder Sarwisaaji Ñaawooje Afrik worgo , ngol yeewtidi ko e miijooji winndereeji jowitiiɗi e tiitooɗe ñaawoore restoraasiyoŋ. E hitaande 2006, Ekiyor e Noria Mashumba mbinndi ciimtol seminar politik ina wiyee "Darnde mahngo jam e nder renndo siwil e nder Afrik hakkundeejo". E nder seminar oo, Ekiyor waɗii konngol e nder jonnde rewɓe e jam, tiitoonde mum ko "Darnde renndo siwil e huutoraade kaɓirɗe hakkunde leyɗeele e diiwaanuuji ngam rewɓe, jam e kisal. Caggal nde o golliima e CCR, Ekiyor wonti gardiiɗo gollordu Duɗal Renndo Siwil Afrik Hirnaange (WASCI), jooɗiiɗo to Ganaa. O walliri jokkondiral hakkunde dokkuɓe e pelle winndereeje, o sosi kadi peeje WASCI ngam ƴellitde mbaawkaaji renndo siwil e lowre Policy Influencing. Yaasi Afrik, Ekiyor ina jooɗii e goomuuji wasiyaaji fedde toppitiinde semmbe rewɓe (WEC) to Amerik e Fedde Ardorde Rising. O wonii kadi hannde tergal yiilirde ALL ON, nde Shell sosi, ko kaalis batte semmbeeji kesi to Afrik worgo. == Rewɓe Afriknaaɓe e kuɗol jam == Tuggi 2001 haa 2005, ko noon Ekiyor woniri Direkteer Porogaraamuuji ngam fedde Afrik worgo ngam mahngo jam (WANEP). Caggal leyɗeele keewɗe siwil e nder leyɗeele Afrik hirnaange e kitaale 1990, WANEP sosaa ko e hitaande 1998. Fedde ndee ina jokki e haɓaade hare e mahngo jam, ina rokka kursuuji e ɗeen geɗe, e gollodiiɓe woɗɓe gollotooɓe e yaakaare sosde "plateau de kaaldigal", e jam e ƴellitaare duumotoonde e nder diiwaan hee. E nder jokkondiral makko e WANEP, Ekiyor heɓi ballal e kaalis ngam miijo makko sosde fedde pan-Afriknaare toppitiinde ko rewɓe, nde rewɓe ardii, nde fotnoo ko huutoraade rewɓe e nder golle jam e kaaldigal. Caggal nde kuulal 1325 ngal UNSC ƴetti, Ekiyor ina ɗaminii wonde ndee fedde ina waawi wallitde sosde mbayliigu goonga e newnude daande rewɓe. E hitaande 2001, miijo Ekiyor wonti Fedde Rewɓe e Jam (WIPNET), nde mawnini udditgol mum to Accra, Ganaa.WIPNET ina golloo ngam moƴƴinde mbaawkaaji rewɓe e mahngo jam e mahngo caggal wolde e nder Afrik hirnaange. E sahaa udditgol WIPNET, kanko Ekiyor o winndii deftere jannginirde yuɓɓinnde, tawi ina waɗi heen geɗe baɗaaɗe ngam semmbinde, huutoraade, e jannginde rewɓe. E nder deftere makko 2011, Mighty Be Our Powers, Leymah Gbowee hollitii wonde "gila e fuɗɗoode, WIPNET wonnoo ko ɓiɗɗo Thelma. O addi miijo ngoo e WANEP, o moofti fedde heblo adannde, e deftere mahngo jam nde o tuugnii e mum nde o jannginii en huutoraade ex--deftere ndee fof Movement resolution--ko huunde nde o golli dow mum duuɓi ɗuuɗɗi." E hitaande 2006, Ekiyor wondi e sosɓe Fedde Afrik ngam Jam e Kisal Rewɓe (WIPSEN-A). E wondude e Leymah Gbowee e Ecoma Alaga, o ɗaminii waylude WIPNET e fedde gollornde tawa ko e WANEP, mbele eɓɓaande ndee ina wona « reso rewɓe nde worɓe njiylotoo e kaalis ». Ɓe ɗaminii kadi feewnude e ɓeydude duumingol eɓɓaande ndee e yaajnude lowre ndee e nder Afrik fof e naatde e yontaaji sukaaɓe rewɓe les maɓɓe. == Doole rewɓe Afrik to bannge ngalu == Ekiyor ko gooto e sosɓe e hooreejo fedde wiyeteende Afrigrants Resources Ltd, fedde nde daranii ko yiytude peeje njulaagu ngam haɓaade caɗeele renndo, teeŋti noon e ŋakkeende ƴellitaare e naatgol rewɓe e kaalis. To Afrigrants, Ekiyor waɗii kaalis jaawɗo rewɓe Market, ko porogaraam rokkata rewɓe ñamaale tokoose. E hitaande 2017, Ekiyor sosi fedde wiyeteende Funding Space, nde nganndu-ɗaa ko ngam wallitde gollotooɓe renndo e nder Afrik worgo heɓde heblo e heɓde geɗe kaalis. To nokku kaalis (Funding Space), Ekiyor ina jeyaa e sosɓe kaalis Ebi, ko kañum woni fedde rewɓe gollotooɓe e njulaagu. Ekiyor kadi ko hooreejo fedde SME.NG, fedde nde wonaa laamuyankoore, nde hokkata kadi kaalis rewɓe jom en jawdi en. Ekiyor wonnoo kadi ko jaagorgal politik strateeji to Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe Rewɓe Nijeer, kam e jaagorgal mawngal to Dental Afrik, ECA, IGAD, e CEDEAO. E hitaande 2010, ONU Women noddii ballondiral hakkunde renndo siwil, e sektoraa keeriiɗo, e laamuuji ngam ƴellitde paandaale ƴellitaare duumotoonde (SDG) 5, jowitiiɗe e potal rewɓe e worɓe e doole rewɓe. Ekiyor wolwi dow nafuuda paandaale juutɗe e duumotooɗe, bana no o holliri nuɗɗinki maako dow waɗugo ceede nder rewɓe ɗon wallita ɓamtaare rento, o wi'i "naftirgo ceede nder SDG-5 ɗon wallita huuwugo kuuɗe SDGs fuu nder Naajeeriya, ɗum boo ɗon yaara yeeso kuuɗe filu e faggudu". E nder batu hakkunde wakili’en Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe e Dental Afrik e hitaande 2017, Ekiyor hollitii wonde « [ɓe] mbaɗii silooji e nder jam e kisal, kono jeytaare faggudu ko maande jam e kisal », o ƴetti hakkillaaji makko e nafoore naatgol rewɓe e nder sektoraa keeriiɗo e nder jeewte jowitiiɗe e jam. == Naajeeriya == E hitaande 2010, Ekiyor toɗɗaama hooreejo arandeejo nder kawtal TY Danjuma Foundation (TYDF), ngal ɗon mari haaje heɓuki njamu e jaangirde ngam yimɓe jooɗiiɓe nder jiha Taraba, diiwal haa woyla-fuunaange lesdi Naajeeriya. E hitaande 2011, TYDF yamiri eɓɓoore duɗal renndo ngam sosde duɗal gadanal e nder Fulatara, renndo e nder diiwaan Bauchi, leydi Najeriya. E nder yamiroore ndee, Ekiyor hollitii wonde "ƴellitaare jaŋde ina waawi heɓtineede tan ko e tawtoreede renndo tawa ina jogii darnde ardorde laamu", o teeŋtinii nafoore winnditaade sukaaɓe rewɓe. E hitaande 2020, Ekiyor toɗɗaama hooreejo fedde njulaagu tokosere, tokosere e hakkundeere e nder fedde njulaagu, njulaagu, njulaagu e ndema leydi Najeriya (NACCIMA).[E nder ndee ɗoo darnde, Ekiyor maa gollondir e njulaagu tokoosi ngam ɓeydude kattanɗe mum en e naftoraade faggudu leydi Najeriya fof. == Liberiyaa == E nder batu WANEP to Ganaa e hitaande 2000, Ekiyor hawri e Leymah Gbowee, keɓɗo njeenaari Nobel jam e hitaande 2011, gonɗo hakkunde dille ngam naatde e rewɓe e nder kuule jam wolde hakkunde leyɗeele ɗiɗmere Liberiya. Ekiyor hirjinii, jannginii, gollidii e Leymah Gbowee e nder ndee ɗoo yeewtere, rewɓe ɗiɗo ɓee ngondi no feewi. E nder deftere makko nde o winndi e hitaande 2011, Gbowee winndi : "Thelma wonaa tan sehil am; ko o miñi am debbo, ko o ɓiɗɗo am debbo, ko o neɗɗo mo nganndu-mi bannge politik am no hay gooto anndaa." Caggal nde WIPNET sosaa, Ekiyor toɗɗii Gbowee yo won gardiiɗo fedde WIPNET Liberiya. Rewɓe ɗiɗo ɓee njokki gollodaade caggal nde ɓe cosi WIPSEN-Africa e hitaande 2006. == Njeenaaje == E hitaande 2015, Ekiyor suɓaama ngam heɓde njeenaari ardiiɓe Pan Afrik ngam wonde gardiiɗo jam e kisal. Njeenaari ndii hitaande kala, ndi Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe (ADI) rokkata ndii, rewi ko e tiitoonde Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe (ONU) ngam suɓaade ɓeen ɓe njiylotoo neɗɗaagu. == Tuugnorgal == pjoa2af7i0bs3hxmgalwwubprv45omw 0 29366 181149 111945 2026-08-05T03:01:10Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181149 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Manndelaa e Tambo''' ko fedde awokaaji Afrik worgo nde [[Nelson Manndelaa]] e Oliwer Tambo cosi to Johannesburg e darorɗe hitaande 1952. Ko ngol woni "Attorney Firm" gadano e nder leydi ndii, tawi ko gollodiiɓe ɓaleeɓe njiylotoo ɗum. E lewru ut 1952, Manndelaa udditi fedde mum : 210 kono, caggal lebbi keewɗi tan, o noddi Tambo ngam tawtoreede mo e sosde Mandela e Tambo e nder cuuɗi ɗiɗi tokoosi to Chancellor House, mahdi ndii ina hoɗi e nokku ɗo Kongres ngenndiijo Afrik woni ɗoo. Firaam o inundaama e kliyaneeɓe ɗaɓɓooɓe redress e golle laamu apartaayd tooñannge. E nder Afrik worgo, "Actorney Firms" maa waɗtu e kliyaneeɓe layooɓe to bannge njuɓɓudi, e ƴettude ko ɓuri heewde e kaayitaaji, e "njaŋde" Advocate, tawa ina waɗa heen hoore mum walla e nder galle, ngam ñaawde e yeeso Ñaawirde ndee. Tambo maa waɗ ko heewi e kaayitaaji e nder biro hee, tawi Manndelaa waɗi ko ɓuri heewde e wasiyaaji ɗii hade magistrateeji ɗii e nder ñaawirɗe luurondirɗe <ref name="Mandela1">{{cite book|title=Long Walk to Freedom: Vol. 1|url=https://archive.org/details/longwalktofreedo0000mand|last=Mandela|first=Nelson|publisher=Abacus|date=1994|isbn=0349116024}}</ref>  <ref>{{cite web|title=Tambo Moot Court|publisher=University of Cape Town|access-date=9 December 2013|url=http://www.law.uct.ac.za/about/tambo_moot_court/name/|date=24 September 2006|url-status=bot: unknown|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101023211220/http://www.law.uct.ac.za/about/tambo_moot_court/name/|archivedate=23 October 2010}}</ref> Caggal ɗuum woɗɓe naati e fedde nde, ina jeyaa heen Duma Nokwe, Ruut Mompati, Mendi Msimang e Godfrey Pitje. Fedde nde uddaa ko e hitaande 1960 nde Mandelaa wonnoo e tuumeede warhoore, Tambo dogi leydi ndii. Mahdi biro sariya oo caggal ɗuum yani e yiite, wonnoo ko nokku ɓuuɓɗo e nder wuro duuɓi keewɗi hade mum moƴƴineede haa laaɓi, udditaa e hitaande 2011. . Mandelaa e Tambo kamɓe e hoore maɓɓe kawritii e batu keeriiɗo mo ɓerɗe maɓɓe mbaɗi to Stockholm e lewru marse 1990. == Tuugnorgal == <references /> 7eb0pue73142clkivohhs0lnzzbwa18 0 29367 180915 111948 2026-08-04T22:46:48Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180915 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Willie Marais''' (10 ut 1928 – 26 desaambar 2007) ko ngenndiyaŋke Afrikaner, gardiiɗo lannda politik Afrik worgo, to bannge worgo, hono fedde Nasiyaaji Herstigte, tuggi 2001 haa o maayi. E hitaande 1969, nde o woni depiteeji ngam Wonderboom, o woppi lannda Ngenndiijo oo e yurmeende e Albert Hertzog mo o woppitaa.<ref>{{cite book|last=Gastrow|first=Shelagh|year=1993|title=Who's who in South African Politics|url=https://archive.org/details/whoswhoinsouthaf0000unse|publisher=[[Ravan Press]]|page=[https://archive.org/details/whoswhoinsouthaf0000unse/page/169 169]|isbn=9781873836064}}</ref> O sankii ko ñalnde 26 desaambar 2007 e rafi ɓernde tawi omo woni e njuulu. == Tuugnorgal == <references /> 50p1i0ia4rtkzjxcoa5wmi38060181y 0 29783 181121 114420 2026-08-05T02:35:33Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181121 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}Ko suudu defte pinal e pinal Saga Arashiyama (SAMAC; anndiranoo ko Shigureden (時雨殿)) ko suudu defte to Arashiyama, Kiyoto, Japon, woni ko e deftere Ogura Hyakunin Isshu, jimɗi waka ɗi Fujiwara no Teith teemedere winndi e hitaande 1914. Ko gonnooɗo hooreejo Nintendo, hono Hiroshi Yamauchi, sosi musium oo, o waɗti heen ko ina ɓura miliyoŋaaji 20 dolaar. Ko Shigeru Miyamoto, peewnoowo pijirlooji Nintendo, waɗi galle laamorɗo Shigureden. Musium oo udditi dame mum ñalnde 27 lewru Yarkomaa 2006, ina waɗi koolol jokkondirngol e nder park mum e karuta jowitiingal e yimre (hono Uta-garuta), e etaaji dillooji, naatɗi e kuutoragol konsoleeji keertiiɗi Nintendo DS. Musiyum oo udditaa ngam moƴƴitinde ɗum ñalnde 1 abriil 2011, o udditaa kadi ñalnde 17 marse 2012. O udditaa ngam ɓeydaade moƴƴinde ɗum ñalnde 21 marse 2017. Ndeen o udditaa ñalnde 1 noowammbar 2018, o wiyee Saga Arashiyama Museum of Arts & CuCal). == Tuugnorgal<ref name="kotaku-1">{{cite news|last1=Ashcraft|first1=Brian|title=Ten Plus Spots Gamers Should Visit In Japan|url=https://kotaku.com/5168075/ten-plus-spots-gamers-should-visit-in-japan|accessdate=December 5, 2017|work=[[Kotaku]]|date=March 11, 2009}}</ref>name="clancy">{{cite book|last1=Clancy|first1=Judith|title=Exploring Kyoto: On Foot in the Ancient Capital|url=https://archive.org/details/exploringkyotoon0000clan_j1m8|date=2008|publisher=[[Stone Bridge Press]]|isbn=9780893469917|page=[https://archive.org/details/exploringkyotoon0000clan_j1m8/page/229 229]}}<ref name="kotaku-12" /> .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.shigureden.or.jp|script-title=ja:「時雨殿」リニューアルのための休館のお知らせ|website=Shigureden|accessdate=December 5, 2017|language=Japanese}}</ref> It then reopened on November 1, 2018 as the Saga Arashiyama Museum of Arts & Culture (SAMAC).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.samac.jp/en/topics/detail.php?id=3|title=Saga Arashiyama Museum of Arts & Culture (SAMAC) OPEN!|website=SAMAC|accessdate=March 11, 2022}}</ref><ref name="kotaku-13" /> The museum closed down for renovations on April 1, 2011,museum closed down for renovations on April 1, 2011, == nynm671afgp9fwhzzmb4cxv29q055t0 0 29917 181026 115156 2026-08-05T01:03:00Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 3 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181026 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}Ponto Aioi (相生橋, aioi bashi) ko ponto gonɗo e mbaadi T mo meeɗaa yiyeede, to Hiroshima, Japon. Pont gadano oo, mahaaɗo e hitaande 1932, ko kañum woni nokku ɗo bommbo atomik Hiroshima 1945 fotnoo waɗeede ɗoo, sibu mbaadi mum ina weeɓi anndeede e weeyo, tee nokku mum ina ɓadii hakkunde wuro ngoo. Pont jooni oo mahaa ko e hitaande 1983 e sifaa nannduɗo e asliijo oo. Tariya Pont oo mahaa ko e hitaande 1932 ngam otooji laabi. Njuuteeki maggal ko ina tolnoo e 120 meeter (400 meeteer) ina fawii e maayo Honkawa e Motoyasu. Enola Gay ƴetti ponndol ngol, yaltini bommbo oo so tawii ko e nder gite mum. Bommbo oo yani e nokku mo fotnoo yahde, o yani e pont oo fotde 240 meeter (800 meeteer), o yani e opitaal Shima e nokku mum. Nde tawnoo ɓuuɓol atomik ngol halkaani, pont oo waɗii bonneede no feewi. Caggal nde jolngo ngoo yani, neɗɗo daɗnooɗo e kewu nguu siftinii wonde ina seedtoo wonde pont Aioi ina ƴetta meeteeruuji keewɗi e weeyo, tan ina jooɗii e dow ŋoral mum caggal ɗuum. Caggal wolde ndee, pont oo feewnaama, woni e golle fotde duuɓi capanɗe nay, hade mum lomtineede e hitaande 1983, pont keso nannduɗo e pont gadano oo. Feccere heddiinde e ŋoral leydi ummoraade e ponto asliijo oo, caggal ɗuum rokkaama to nokku ciftorgol jam Hiroshima. Feccere ɓurnde juutde e pont oo ina taƴa maayo Ōta to bannge worgo duunde nde ina waɗi diiwaan Nakajima-cho [ja]. Dow "T" ina jokkondiri e ponto mawɗo oo e duunde ndee, kadi ko kañum kadi woni damal fuɗnaange nokku ciftorgol jam Hiroshima. Railing pont Aioi oo ɓuuɓtii e ɓuuɓri bommbo atomik Tuugnorgal Widen, Piyeer (1984). Ñalawma gadano oo : ko adii Hiroshima e caggal mum. Simon e Suuster. h. 239. Ɗemngal 978-1476791739. Widen, Piyeer (1984). Ñalawma gadano oo : ko adii Hiroshima e caggal mum. Simon e Suuster. h. 202. ISBN 978-1476791739. Hoore, Eteefan (1987). Hirosimaa. Londres: Jaaynde Dryad. h. 20. ISBN 978-0852196953. Jokkondire yaajɗe Jaayɗe jowitiiɗe e Ponto Aioi to Wikimedia Njillu virtuel to nokku ciftorgol jam Hiroshima: Pont Aioi Arsiif 2021-02-03 to masiŋ Wayback.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Wyden|first=Peter|title=Day one: before Hiroshima and after|url=https://archive.org/details/dayone0000pete|publisher=[[Simon and Schuster]]|year=1984|isbn=978-1476791739|pages=[https://archive.org/details/dayone0000pete/page/239 239]|language=en}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Wyden|first=Peter|title=Day one: before Hiroshima and after|url=https://archive.org/details/dayone0000pete|publisher=[[Simon and Schuster]]|year=1984|isbn=978-1476791739|pages=[https://archive.org/details/dayone0000pete/page/202 202]|language=en}}</ref>.<ref name="HiroshimaHoare1987">{{Cite book|last=Hoare|first=Stephen|title=Hiroshima|url=https://archive.org/details/hiroshima00hoar|publisher=Dryad Press|year=1987|isbn=978-0852196953|location=London|page=[https://archive.org/details/hiroshima00hoar/page/20 20]|language=en}}</ref> la7ldb341i97vmh66ezwjtzfz3568m5 0 29933 180848 125604 2026-08-04T21:32:16Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180848 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Bansho Shirabesho walla''' "Nokkuure jannde defte Barbarian", ko duɗal Japonnaaɓe tuumanooɓe firo e janngude defte e binndanɗe jananɗe e nder yontaaji cakkitiiɗi Edo. == Fuɗɗam == Institut sosaa ko e hitaande 1856 baɗaaɗo e sukaaɓe samurai. Nde yalti e biro firo ɓennuɗo oo ina wiyee Yogakusho, ko adii ɗuum lomtiniri Banshogegoyo.Duware duɗal kesal ngal ko jaabawol gargol ngol alaa ɗo haaɗi e gargol laanaaji konu Amerik e hitaande dubi 1853 e gardagol Admiral Matthew C. Perry.Dewɓe ɓee kadi ngaddi e mum en dokke, ko ɗum haɗnoo e ustude laamu Tokugawa no ɓe njiytiri laamu Tokugawa no ɓe njiytiri laamu leslesal defense Japon. Bansho Shirabesho ina gollinoo e sifaa biro Tokugawa Shogunate, ina sikkaa ko njuɓɓudi ñaawoore to bannge politik, ndi yalti e njiimaandi ndi nganndu-ɗaa ko ndi jananndi e nder politik Japon politik. Sosde Bansho Shirabesho ko njuɓɓudi keeriindi kadi, ina jeyaa e ko addani ɗum ittude firo sirluuji militeeruuji e politik sensibles ummoraade e Biro Astronomi. Golle e aadaaji juɓɓule ɗee ina njokkondiri e eɓɓaaɗe firo firooji firooji. Duɗal ngal haa jooni wonti duɗal mawngal jaŋde hirnaange ngal shogunaat oo wallitta.[4] Nde dañii yoga e annduɓe ɓurɓe teeŋtude janngooɓe golle ganndal e kaayitaaji ganndal Holanndee en, ɓe nganndu-ɗaa kadi ko caggal ɗuum ɓe njanngii binndanɗe Engele, Farayse, Almaañ, e Riisi.Wakkati ɓaawo Innde nde waylaama kadi Yōsho shirabesho (洋書調所) (duɗal janngirde defte hirnaange) e hitaande 1862, e Kaiseijo [ja] (開成所) e hitaande 1863 ina njuɓɓinee e les laamu Meiji Japon. Ko Kaisei gakkō, duɗal ngal wonti gooto e juɓɓule gadiiɗe ɗe kawri ngam sosde Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Tokiyoo. == Ƴeew kadi == Shōheikō, duɗal shogunate ngam birooji mum Wagakukōdansho, ko duɗal binndol e daartol ngal Tokugawa yamiri Igakukan, duɗal safaara Tokugawa == Teskorɗe les == Duke, Benyamin C. (2009). Daartol jaŋde Japon hannde: mahngo jaŋde ngenndiire,1872-1890. New Brunswick, NJ: Jaaynde duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Rutgers. h. 19. <nowiki>ISBN 9780813544038</nowiki>. Lange, Wiliyam De (1998). Daartol Jaayndeyaagal Japon : Fedde Jaayndeeji Japon ko caɗeele cakkitiiɗe e Jaayndeeji mawɗi. Surrey: Jaaynde Curzon. h. 23. <nowiki>ISBN 978-1-873410-68-4</nowiki>. Kikuchi, Yosiyuki (2013). Jokkondiral Angalteer e Amerik e nder Kimiiya Japon: Lab ko nokku jokkondirɗo. New York: Palgrave Makmilan. h. 29. ISBN ko 9781349297962. Ankit, Aamadu; Fayq, Said (2015). Agency e Patronage e nder firo Fuɗnaange. Newcastle dow Tyne: Jaaynde annduɓe Cambridge. h. 15. ISBN ko 9781443874168. "蕃書調所" (e ɗemngal Japon). kotobanke. Heɓtinaa ko ñalnde 14 lewru nduu 2017. ==== Tuugnorgal ==== == .<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=The History of Modern Japanese Education: Constructing the National School System,1872-1890|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofmodernj0000duke|last=Duke|first=Benjamin C.|date=2009|publisher=Rutgers University Press|isbn=9780813544038|location=New Brunswick, NJ|pages=[https://archive.org/details/historyofmodernj0000duke/page/19 19]}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lange|first=William De|title=A History of Japanese Journalism: Japan's Press Club as the Last Obstacle to a Mature Press|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofjapanes0000dela|date=1998|publisher=Curzon Press|isbn=978-1-873410-68-4|location=Surrey|pages=[https://archive.org/details/historyofjapanes0000dela/page/23 23]}}</ref>.<ref name=":02" /> The foreigners also brought with them gifts, which baffled and unsettled the Tokugawa regime as they exposed the inferior state of the Japanese coastal defense.<ref name=":02" />.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Anglo-American Connections in Japanese Chemistry: The Lab as Contact Zone|last=Kikuchi|first=Yoshiyuki|date=2013|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=9781349297962|location=New York|pages=29}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=Agency and Patronage in Eastern Translatology|last=Ankit|first=Ahmed|last2=Faiq|first2=Said|date=2015|publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing|isbn=9781443874168|location=Newcastle upon Tyne|pages=15}}</ref> == 82vmbtb4ovmo90ytdwhq06wxv8lizlz 0 29937 180948 125380 2026-08-04T23:24:04Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180948 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Bezaisen''' (japon: 弁才船) walla Benzaisen ko laana ndiwoowa mawka leɗɗe, kuutortenooka no feewi ngam yah-ngartaa nder leydi Japon e jamaanu Edo e Meiji. Ƴeew kadi Kitamaabune Atakebune Laanaaji boɗeeji Takasebune Ohaama Kagetaka ==Tuugnorgal .<ref>{{cite book|last=Deal|first=William|date=2007|title=Handbook to Life in Medieval and Early Modern Japan|url=https://archive.org/details/handbooktolifein0000deal_p1i5|location=|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=[https://archive.org/details/handbooktolifein0000deal_p1i5/page/335 335]-336|isbn=|access-date=}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Huebner|first=Stefan|date=2024|title=Oceanic Japan: The Archipelago in Pacific and Global History|url=|location=|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|page=111|isbn=|access-date=}}</ref> hfnxu92lpy0tbrncxfqbm3dzr3u1j6v 0 29992 181137 125314 2026-08-05T02:51:38Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181137 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Gonin Gumi''' (五人組) ko weltaare pele, tawi ko e ñal renndo ngo, e mbadi e Ɓinaat e Anngalteer, e nnder ytatol Japon. Gallege geec ko terɗe ko terɗe ndee, terɗe fedde ngee nde nyawaa darnde mogii mo terɗe he terɗe cekekeɗe, khar e yimee en. Kuuɓal nggal kugal kuugal e ngam yoɓo njeeɓɓe. == Yiyngo == Nde Tokugawa siiɓindombaa heƴiiwaa, ɓaleejo ɓiƴoowo juɓɓingol to yɓɓi japon e esembinde gure yuɓo. Gonin Gumi, nyaaɗo lewru Yarkomaa 1725, ko hurooɓe tiiɗnde e ngiik-Rengisiyel laawɗuɗo Jan hollitii ina won'de terɗe fedde e konu ko "duyɓe e walkaade galle mum en , kono kadi e gollotooɓe mumen e renndo mum en , sibu ko kamɓe ngorɓe ngoɗɓe laaɗe diwooje ñe nye ɓale ɓale ɓale ɓale ɓuɗeeje ballooje mbaata mbaalu." Gonin Gumi ko adii ko nga, vagabondege e brigandage e oon sahaa, haa hajande naatngo non e nyalade nyalndi e rōnin. Woni lesre ɗae teeŋtiini no feewi ndesaama sosaama sosaama nde fawde fawni e galeeje remoɓɓe koɗi e kala Gonin Gunin Gunin, inajeya teeŋutu e koɗo waasde yoɓɓe e waasde yoɓɓe e waasde yoɓde » tergal. Gonin Gumi ardii wa ɗtu ardii wa ɗaji ko erwi suɓyaade gila e ngoor , kon o dañi kattanɗe lomñaa ndonaaji dow. E Kyto, mawɗo biyetee machi toshiyori ardii fedde nde , e wakilaaji 3 ina ngura mo e njaamu.Goomo moa galeeje. E ndaa o dañi e diiwanuuji, peelle ɗe naa mbaawi laaɗeteɗe jeegom, wallaaji way hay sapo, galeeji.[1Gonin Gumi njeeɓinaat hot hiraande kala , ɓale njalti, ɓoppaani mo pelle ɗaɗel ñaɗe ñawaare ñawoore ñawaare ñawede ñawoore.Ardinoo Gonin Gumi ko gardiiɗo keewɗo suɓeede nder, kono won ɗo toɗɗetee dow. To wuro Kyoto, mawɗo gooto ina wiyee machi toshiyori ardii fedde nde, tawi terɗe tati ina mballita mo e njuɓɓudi laamu.Pelle ɗee ngonaano sahaa kala galleeji joy. Won e diiwanuuji, pelle ɗee ina mbaawi wonde galleeji jeegom, walla hay sappo.Gonin Gumi ina yuɓɓinee hitaande kala, yaltuɓe ɓe ngonaa e pelle goɗɗe ina mbaawi ñaaweede caggal ñaawoore. Gumi Gonin en ina njuumta sahaa e sahaa fof e ryo-donari (両隣) walla muko-sangen (向こう三軒), woni juɓɓule renndo ɗe ngonaa laamuyankooje. Gonin Gumi ko juɓɓule laawɗuɗe, jokkondirɗe e reentaade sariya. == Ƴeew kadi == Juma-borh ==== Tuugnorgal. ==== == <ref name="Longford">{{cite book|title=The Tokugawa epoch|author=Joseph H. Longford|year=1996|isbn=9780415154178|page=47|publisher=Routledge}}</ref> <ref>{{cite book|title=An Introduction to Japanese Tea Ritual|url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontoja0000ande|author=Jennifer Lea Anderson|publisher=SUNY Press|year=1991|isbn=9780791407493|page=[https://archive.org/details/introductiontoja0000ande/page/263 263]}}</ref> The Japanese official register declared that members of the collective are "duty bound to keep watch not only over the doings of their families, but also of their employees and tenants, as they are responsible to the Government for actions of these people."<ref name=":0" />.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Local Organizations and Urban Governance in East and Southeast Asia: Straddling State and Society|last1=Read|first1=Benjamin|last2=Pekkanen|first2=Robert|date=2009|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0203876152|location=Oxon|pages=61}}</ref> == awrpe4ccw61wfkxeybhwapgene9s40r 0 30104 180850 125562 2026-08-04T21:39:22Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180850 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Gila''' e Wikipedia, ansiklopiiji ɗi ngalaa njoɓdi Kaisen, walla « laana cirkowal », ko laanaaji Japon kuutorteeɗi ngam nawde marsandiis so tawii ko e jolngo walla e luumo. Ɗee laanaaji ina kuutoree e sahaa kala e nder geec Inland e nder cagataagal teeminannde 13ɓiire. Kono, e joofnirde jamaanu Kamakura, laanaaji diwooje ina njaha kadi ina ngarta e portooji woɗɗuɗi. Tariya Binndanɗe hannde ɗee kollitii wonde laanaaji Kaisen ina njoginoo darnde mawnde e ɓeydagol faggudu e yontaaji cakkitiiɗi ɗii. Laanaaji diwooje ceertuɗi kadi ina njogii nafoore mawnde e ƴellitaare njulaagu e fuɗɗoode jamaanu hannde oo, haa teeŋti noon e weeɓtinde yah-ngartaa marsandiis hakkunde Osaka e Edo.[citation needed] Laanaaji cirkooji naftoriima laabi njulaagu kesi e nder geec, cosɗi e feccere sakkitiinde e teeminannde 17ɓiire. Ko e darorɗe teeminannde 19ɓiire, nde karallaagal hirnaange naati hono laanaaji ndiyam, kuutoragol laanaaji diwooje fuɗɗii ustaade. Ƴeew kadi Naniwa Maru Kitamaabune Atakebune Laanaaji boɗeeji Takasebune Ohaama Kagetaka == Tuugnorgal == .<ref>{{cite book|last=Deal|first=William|date=2007|title=Handbook to Life in Medieval and Early Modern Japan|url=https://archive.org/details/handbooktolifein0000deal_p1i5|location=|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=[https://archive.org/details/handbooktolifein0000deal_p1i5/page/336 336]|isbn=|access-date=}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Stein|first=Stephen|date=2017|title=The Sea in World History: Exploration, Travel, and Trade [2 volumes]|url=|location=|publisher=ABC-CLIO|page=545|isbn=|access-date=}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Deal|first=William|date=2007|title=Handbook to Life in Medieval and Early Modern Japan|url=https://archive.org/details/handbooktolifein0000deal_p1i5|location=|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=[https://archive.org/details/handbooktolifein0000deal_p1i5/page/336 336]|isbn=|access-date=}}</ref> 1ej2mec9gmgro8wh8jp3aq52qbl56j3 0 30106 181193 115905 2026-08-05T03:50:42Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181193 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}Gila e Wikipedia, ansiklopiiji ɗi ngalaa njoɓdi Sifaa Kajiki Feccere e jamaanu Sengoku Ñalngu lewru mee 1549 Wakere Kajiki, diiwaan Ōsumi Njeñtudi Shimazu nafoore Haɓooɓe Shimazu leñol Kajiki galle laamorɗo Komanndaaji e ardiiɓe Shimazu takahisa Ijuin Tadaaki Tanegashima Tokitaka Sembe 600 e 320 Caɗeele e caɗeele 210 320 Garrison fof waraama vte Kampaañuuji leñol Shimazu IchiraiMomotsugiKoriyamaKajikiIwatsurugiOguchiKizakiTakabaruMimigawaMinamataOkitanawateIwayaKyushūOdawaraKoreaSekigaharaRyūkyūKagoshima Sifaa Kajiki waɗi ko e hitaande 1549. Leñol Shimazu taariima galle laamorɗo Kajiki to nokku biyeteeɗo hannde diiwaan Kagoshima, Japon. Siige oo dañii, galle laamorɗo oo ƴettaa. Sifaa oo ina teskaa ko adii fof ko arquebuseeji "purtugeec en ummoriiɗi" kuutortee e hare to Japon. Shimazu Takahisa yani e galle laamorɗo Kajiki to diiwaan Ōsumi, to bannge worgo leydi Kyushu. Ijuin Tadaaki, jom suudu Shimazu, huutoriima bundu mo Tanegashima Tokitaka rokki mo. Shimazu Takahisa heɓi njeenaari wonde Daimyō gadano huutoraade balɗe Orop e hare. Shimazu Takahisa yahri yeeso ngam mawninde jeyi Shimazu e duunde Kyushu e nder duuɓi keewɗi garooji ɗii. Tuugnorgal Fuɗɗoode ↑ Komandaaji Samuray 1, Stgefen Turnbull h.49 ↑ Deftere iwdi Samurai, Stefan Turnbul h.78 ↑ Komandaaji Samuray 1, Etifaan pg.49 "Wakkati Sengoku". Arsiif mum ko e asli mum ñalnde 12-12-2014. Heɓtinaa ko ñalnde 09/04/2011. Turnbul, Eteefan (1998). Deftere iwdi Samurai. Kasel e fedde mum p. 212. ISBN ko 1854095234..<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.samurai-archives.com/time2.html|title=Sengoku Period|access-date=2011-09-04|archive-date=2014-12-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141210130829/http://www.samurai-archives.com/time2.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Turnbull2">{{Cite book|last=Turnbull|first=Stephen|title=The Samurai Sourcebook|url=https://archive.org/details/samuraisourceboo00turn_0|publisher=Cassell & Co.|year=1998|ISBN=1854095234|page=[https://archive.org/details/samuraisourceboo00turn_0/page/213 212]}}</ref> 7hhfdvxh1d6aglwai6r94o4f9g2k8y4 0 30126 180955 125567 2026-08-04T23:33:16Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180955 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Statue of Kikuchi Takemitsu.jpg|thumb]] '''Kikuchi takemitsu''' (池池 武光; 1319 – 1373) ko joom samrai Japon e yonta Nanboku-chō. Kanko woni hooreejo 15ɓo e leñol Kikuchi. == Biography == Takemitsu woni 9ɓo e Kikuchi Taketoki, o haɓi e bannge laamɗo Go-Digo no baaba makko waɗiri, sehil am tiiɗɗo, mo nganndu-ɗaa ko laamɗo Kaneyoshi, ɓiy laamɗo Go-Daigo, e nder hare nde o waɗi e shogunate Kamakura. Hare makko ɓurnde lollude ko hare Chikugogawa, haɓi e daande maayo Chikugo to Kyūshū, ɗo o heɓi nafoore. == Tuugnorgal == <ref name="Sansom2">{{Cite book|last=Sansom|first=George|title=A History of Japan, 1334-1615|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofjapan130002unse|publisher=Stanford University Press|year=1961|ISBN=0804705259|page=110}}</ref> d636xoglcg6ckgwoc4xcy9jwwhhll78 0 30140 180975 116014 2026-08-04T23:54:19Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180975 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}Kokudaka (石高) ko feere ngam anndude nafoore leydi ngam fawaade e njoɓdi e les njiimaandi Tokugawa shogunate Japon e jamaanu Edo, e hollirde ndee nafoore to bannge koku maaro. Koku gooto (fotde ko ina tolnoo e butelaaji joy) ina heewi yiyeede ko fotde maaro keewɗo ngam ñamminde neɗɗo gooto fotde hitaande. Njoɓdi tigi-rigi walla ngalu keɓaaɗo e jogagol ina seerti e diiwaan e diiwaan, ina fawii e keewal doole jogagol fief jogingol e dow leydi ndi haalaaka ndii, kono ina hawra e 40 e nder teemedere kokudaka teori. Njoɓdi njoɓdi ndii tuugnaaki e keewal maaro keɓaaɗo oo, kono ko limto tuugiingo e keewal faggudu leydi ndii, tawa nafoore ndema e geɗe goɗɗe ina waylee e nafoore mum en to bannge maaro. Ranndo ɓurngo ardaade daimyō, walla laamɓe fedde nde, ko kokudaka nokkuuji gonɗi e les njiimaandi maɓɓe ɗii, toɗɗii ɗum. E hitaande 1650, keewal kokudaka Japon ina fotnoo wonde 26 miliyoŋ koku, tawi Shōgun ina joginoo 4,2 miliyoŋ koku. Ƴeew kadi Siistem Han Tuugnorgal.<ref name="nussbaum549">[[Louis-Frédéric|Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric]]. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA549&dq= "Koku"] in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 549.</ref>.<ref name="Beasley">{{cite book|last=Beasley|first=William G|year=1972|title=The Meiji Restoration|url=https://archive.org/details/meijirestoration0000beas|publisher=Stanford University Press|isbn=0804708150}} pp. 14–15.</ref> 4x0haymmju2i5a2l3hsztgyctpjey2o 0 30255 181152 126194 2026-08-05T03:05:00Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181152 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Ligue des Membres de la Diété de soutenir la Procédure de la Guerre Sainte''' (聖戦貫徹議員連盟, Seisen Kantetsu Giin Renmei) ko fedde lannda politik e nder suudu leslesru Diiso Japon sosaande ñalnde 25 marse 1940 nde Japon ina haɓa e Imperia konngol ngol Saitō Takao, mo Rikken Minseitō waɗi, ina ñiŋa politikaaji laamu nguu e wolde ɗiɗmere hakkunde Siin e Japon. Sosiyetee laawɗuɗo oo ƴetti peeje, haa arti noon e sosde ndee fedde, e etaade senngo "sikke" renndo ngoo. Haaloowo oo ñaawee e nder Parlemaa, o riiwaa e suudu nduu (e nder lannda makko), ngam waɗde yeru. == Tergal maggal ina waɗi fotde 250 tergal gollotoongal e nder suudu sarɗiiji, tawi ko denndaangal lanndaaji politik e oon sahaa. Ndee fedde noon, ina ɗaɓɓi nde terɗe mum njiytiraa ko no politik "loyal" nii e nder golle militeer en, ceertuɗe e Saitō, tuumaaɗo wonde janfotooɗo ngenndi e nafooje leydi ndii goonga. == == Fedde ndee yaltinii bayyinaango udditiingo : « Eɗen njaɓɓa duuɓi nay kampaañ ceniɗo, ɗo golle cemmbinɗe soldateeɓe men mbaɗi, e yarlitaare e ballal yimɓe e nder leydi ndii, ina njiɗi rokkude laamu Chiang Kai-shek bonngu nguu fiɓnde bonnde e laamu Siin, e waɗde masses of a sentiment of Chinese e nder leydi Japon ». == == Ndee fedde joofnirde fijiraa ko e juuɗe gardiiɗo jaagorɗe leydi ndii hono Fumimaro Konoe, mo darnde mum ngam sosde dowla lannda gooto, buoynaama e yiɗde ardiiɓe mawɓe lanndaaji dawrugol gaadanteeji ɗii, ngam fusde lanndaaji mum en e nder njuɓɓudi kesiri ndi Konoe ardii, so tawii o waawii moderaade ɗaɓɓaande sa radical of Konos the extres soje. Fedde nde fusi ko ñalnde 11 lewru nduu hitaande 1940. == == Ƴeew kadi == == Dillere Ngenndiire Mobilisaasiyoŋ Ruuhu Taisei Yokusankai Hakko ichiu == == Tuugnorgal.<ref name="Cambridge">{{cite book|last=Duss|first=Peter|title=The Cambridge History of Japan, volume 6|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1988|isbn=0521223571}} page 139-150</ref>.<ref>{{cite book|title=Japan at war|url=https://archive.org/details/japanatwar00time|publisher=Time-Life Books|location=New York|year=1980|isbn=0-8094-2526-2|page=[https://archive.org/details/japanatwar00time/page/24 24]}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lib.kobe-u.ac.jp/das/jsp/ja/DetailView.jsp?LANG=JA&METAID=10121058|title=神戸大学 電子図書館システム --メタデータ詳細表示--|website=www.lib.kobe-u.ac.jp|access-date=2019-05-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lib.kobe-u.ac.jp/das/jsp/ja/DetailView.jsp?LANG=JA&METAID=10123139|title=神戸大学 電子図書館システム --メタデータ詳細表示--|website=www.lib.kobe-u.ac.jp|access-date=2019-06-08}}</ref> == 53rbm7qo9sis1573gvbyonwqoo26fn5 0 30276 181093 125646 2026-08-05T02:08:57Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181093 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Taƴre Moji''' (門司城の戦い, Moji-jō no tatakai) ko taƴre hitaande 1561 e galle laamorɗo Moji to Japon. Catal ngal jeyaa ko e leñol Mōri, laamorgo mum ko wuro Yamaguchi. == Ɓawo == Castle asliijo oo ko Ōuchi Yoshinaga (miñiiko Sorin) mahi ɗum, mo dooli warde hoore mum e hitaande 1557 e yahrude yeeso konu Mōri. Mōri Motonari heɓti laamorde ndee e hitaande 1558. Otomo Sorin heɓti laamorde ndee e lewru suwee 1559, kono caggal ɗuum Mōri en, e gardagol Kobayakawa Takakage e Ura Munekatsu, njaawni heɓtude laamorde ndee. Haɓre E hitaande 1561, konu Ōtomo Sōrin yani e laamorde ndee e nanondiral e Purtugeec en, ɓe ndokki laanaaji tati hakkunde 500 e 600 ton, heen gooto fof ina jogii fotde 300 e 17 walla 18 kanndaa. Bommbooje ɗee addani konu Ōtomo tabitinde koye mum en e saraaji galle laamorɗo Moji. Kono, caggal nde ɓe njaltini balɗe maɓɓe, Purtugeec en njalti. Gardiiɗo laamɗo oo fof e wayde noon dañii taƴde laabi taariindi e semmbinde laamɗo oo. Ōtomo ardii njanngu nguu fof e dow galle laamorɗo oo ñalnde 10 lewru Oktoobar hitaande 1561, kono njanngu nguu dartinaama, galle laamorɗo oo heddii e juuɗe Mōri.Ƴeew kadi Hare Fukuda Bay (1565) – Flotilla Japon ina yani e karaŋ Portigaal, ina waasa nanngude ɗum e nder hare naval gadane hakkunde Japon e Hirnaange. Hare Manila (1574) – Laana ndiwoowa Siin e Japon yanii e Manila, ina anniya nanngude wuro ngoo. Hare Cagayan (1582) – Laana ndiwoowa Asiyanke ardiiɗo njanguuji Japon, ko flotilla Espaañ fooli. Keal laana ndiwoowa Red Seal (1608/1609) – Eɓɓoore Japon ina hollita jikku mo alaa ɗo haaɗi to Macau, kono laamuuji Portigaal ɗii mbaawii haɗde jiiɓru nduu. Nossa Senhora da Graça kewu (1610) – Flotilla Japon ina haɓa e karaŋ Portigaal, ina joofna e ɓuuɓri ɗiɗaɓiri. Ñawu ɗiɗaɓuru to Kamishi (9 ut 1945) – bommbooji ɗiɗmi ɗi laana ndiwoowa Japon e nder wolde adunaare ɗiɗmere. ==== Note.<ref name="Turnbull2">{{Cite book|last=Turnbull|first=Stephen|title=The Samurai Sourcebook|url=https://archive.org/details/samuraisourceboo00turn_0|publisher=Cassell & Co.|year=1998|ISBN=1854095234|page=[https://archive.org/details/samuraisourceboo00turn_0/page/216 215],266–269}}</ref>.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=fggBGcbQDsQC&pg=PA105 ''Samurai - The World of the Warrior'' Stephen Turnbull, p.105]</ref>.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=fggBGcbQDsQC&pg=PA105 ''Samurai - The World of the Warrior'' Stephen Turnbull, p.105]</ref> ==== j80vnumhzvr9lb7740iwmnc3iv8d1ni 0 30288 181109 125642 2026-08-05T02:23:56Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 4 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181109 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Galle Miura''' (三浦氏, Miura-shi) ina jeyaa e galleeji cakkitiiɗi iwdi e leñol Taira. Ɓe njoginoo ko laamuuji mawɗi, ɓe njoginoo ko semmbe politik mawɗo. Ɓe ngoni ko e luutndiiɓe adanɓe galle regents Hōjō e cakkital teeminannde 13ɓiire, kadi kadi e fuɗɗoode teeminannde 16ɓiire. Miura ina heddii e innde galleeji keewɗi e nder leydi Japon hannde. Leñol Miura ina wallitnoo Minamoto no Yoritomo e sosde laamu Kamakura, kono caggal ɗuum Hōjō Tokiyori halki ɗum en e hitaande 1247. Kono innde ɓesngu nguu artiraa ko e balloowo leñol Hōjō, Miura en njokki laamaade duunde Miura rewrude e yonta Muromachiat e hitaande Ca11 Hōjo Soon. Terɗe leñol Miura Miura Yasumura – tergal e Diiso Dowla, e siynoowo Formulaar Jōei Miura Yoshiaki – mawniiko gorko biyeteeɗo Minamoto Miura Yoshizumi - sehil Minamoto no Yoshitsune e wolde Dan-no-ura, hitaande 1185 Miura Yoshimura - koolaaɗo Minamoto e sahaa wolde Jōkyū hitaande 1221 Miura Yoshiatsu - ɓiyiiko ko Miura Yoshimoto, barɗo hoore mum e nder wolde Arai:208 Miura Yoshimoto – ɓiy Miura Yoshiatsu. Kamɓe ɗiɗo fof ɓe mbiyi ɓe mbaɗii seppuku e hitaande 1516 nde galle laamorɗo Arai yani, tawi Yoshimoto taƴi hoore mum. Miura Tsunesaburō - ko ɓiɗɗo leydi Shinsengumi. Nde tawnoo ko o keso, o faamaani yiɗde Kondō Isami, o wari gonnooɗo kapiteen biyeteeɗo Tōdō Heisuke. 'Miura' woni kadi innde ɓesngu ngu laana ndiwoowa Engelenaajo biyeteeɗo William Adams, mo laana ndiwoowa yani e leydi Japon e hitaande 1600.[citation needed] == Ƴeew kadi == Leƴƴi Japon Duundeere Miura Diiwaan Kanto Tuugnorgal <ref name="Turnbull2">{{Cite book|last=Turnbull|first=Stephen|title=The Samurai Sourcebook|url=https://archive.org/details/samuraisourceboo00turn_0|publisher=Cassell & Co.|year=1998|ISBN=1854095234|page=[https://archive.org/details/samuraisourceboo00turn_0/page/201 200]}}</ref>clan supported [[Minamoto no Yoritomo]]<ref name="Turnbull22">{{Cite book|last=Turnbull|first=Stephen|title=The Samurai Sourcebook|url=https://archive.org/details/samuraisourceboo00turn_0|publisher=Cassell & Co.|year=1998|ISBN=1854095234|page=[https://archive.org/details/samuraisourceboo00turn_0/page/201 200]}}</ref><ref name="Sansom">{{Cite book|last=Sansom|first=George|title=A History of Japan to 1334|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofjapanto0001sans|publisher=Stanford University Press|year=1958|ISBN=0804705232|page=[https://archive.org/details/historyofjapanto0001sans/page/303 303]}}</ref>,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Louis|first1=Capa Thomas|last2=Ito|first2=Tommy|title=Samurai: The Code of the Warrior|url=https://archive.org/details/samuraicodeofwar0000loui|year=2008|publisher=Sterling Publishing Company|isbn=978-1-4027-6312-0}}</ref>.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bryant|first1=Anthony J.|author-link1=Anthony J. Bryant|last2=McBride|first2=Angus|author-link2=Angus McBride|title=Samurai 1550-1600|series=Warrior series|volume=7|year=1994|publisher=Osprey Publishing|quote=cut off his own head in 1516|isbn=978-1-85532-345-2|page=12}}</ref> gqfab97ht7la1wwlelzal21whsy2yfy 0 30293 180871 124275 2026-08-04T22:02:34Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180871 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zafiraminiya''' en (ɗum woni « iwdi Ramini ») ko fedde juulɓe hoɗɓe e duunde Madagaskaar. Ɓe peeñi ko e Madagaskaar ko famɗi fof teeminannde ko adii Antemoro ɓurɗo anndeede oo ; aadaaji leƴƴi ɗiɗi ɗii ina keewi seertude. Ardiiɓe Zafiraminia mbiyi ko ɓe iwdi galleeji ummoriiɗi Makka haa Mangalore, caggal ɗuum fayde Madagaskaar. Kono won annduɓe ina cikka wonde iwdi maɓɓe ɓuri waawde wonde ko e Sumatra walla e nder Bugis Borneo. Nate aadaaji goɗɗe kadi ina mballita e iwdi Sumatra, sibu Ramini ina wayi no ko innde Sumatra e yontaaji hakkundeeji. Ɓe cikkaama ko ɓe adii arde e leydi Madagaskaar ko hedde teeminannde 13ɓiire.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Randrianja|first1=Solofo|last2=Ellis|first2=Stephen|title=Madagascar: A Short History|url=https://archive.org/details/madagascarshorth0000rand|year=2009|publisher=University of Chicago Press|pages=[https://archive.org/details/madagascarshorth0000rand/page/62 62]–63|isbn=978-0226704203}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Bruder|first=Edith|date=5 June 2008|title=The Black Jews of Africa: History, Religion, Identity|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XHBjAgAAQBAJ&dq=Zafiraminia&pg=PA127|location=New York City|publisher=OUP USA|pages=127–128|isbn=9780195333565}}</ref> == '''Tuugnorgal''' == <references /> 4fy1k5tm642gi7iq71zqj03i13x51fl 0 30307 181088 126207 2026-08-05T02:04:28Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181088 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Laamɗo Munenaga''' (宗良 艪王, Munenaga Shinnō; 1311–1385?), laamiiɗo laamɗo (ɓiɗɗo go’o Godonaigo) e yimoowo duɗal yimre Nijō, ngal hitaande yimre Nanboku-chō, ɓuri anndeede ko e mooftude mo e Shin'yō Wakashū. Yumma makko ko yimoore Nijō Tameko. == Prince Munenaga ardii nguurndam turbulent, nde tawnoo ina gasa tawa ko impactus ngam sensibilité makko yimre. E hitaande 1326 o ƴetti tonngooɗe e almuudo Tendai to tufnde Hiei, o yaawi yahrude yeeso e jaŋde makko e jaŋde Budda. == == E hitaande 1330 laamɗo Munenaga wonti hooreejo duɗal Tendai, kono ko ɓooyaani ko o riiwti to Sanuki to Shikoku ngam tawtoreede wolde Genkō, ɗo o haɓanoo ngam haɗde baaba makko ngam artirde laamu. Caggal duuɓi tati o eggii o naati e konu makko e nder Kyoto. Caggal ɗuum, nde konu laamɗo majjuɗo Ashikaga Takau e hitaande 1336, laamɗo Munenaga, o sakkoi haayre tufnde Hiei e baaba makko, laamɗo Godaigo. == == E hitaande 1338, nde gooto e banndiraaɓe makko wasiyii wonde laamɗo Munenaga ina woppi reentaare, o arti e Kyoto, laamɗo oo jaabtii e ndeeɗoo jimɗi: == == furusat wa == == koisiku ngam te te mo == == mi Yoshino mo == == hara no sakari wo == == ikaga miututen == == Eey, ko goonga, == == Mi juutiri galle am ɓooyɗo, == == Kono hol no mbaawirmi jeereende == == Yoshino ceniido, jooni noon == == Keeri ɗii ina ngondi e ɓuuɓri timmundi. == == Nii woni e mbaadi jimɗi elegant Prince Munenaga jaabtii wonde o woppataa baaba makko, o jooɗii e koye Yoshino ngam jokkude hare hay so tawii caɗeele ɗee fof. == == Haa e nguurndam makko heddiiɗam, laamɗo Munenaga ina wonnoo e hooreejo haɓaade bakufu Muromachi e Ñaawirde Toownde == == .Ngel maayde makko ina selli, kono won daartiyankooɓe ina cikka ko hedde 1385 CE. == == Note<ref>Earl Roy Miner, Hiroko Odagiri, and Robert E. Morrell (1985: 202). ''The Princeton companion to classical Japanese literature.'' Princeton, N.J. : Princeton University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-691-06599-1}}</ref>.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Marra|first1=Michael F.|title=Representations of Power The Literary Politics of Medieval Japan|url=https://archive.org/details/representationso0000marr_g7q1|date=1993|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|isbn=9780824815561|page=[https://archive.org/details/representationso0000marr_g7q1/page/42 42]}}</ref>.<ref>Keene, Donald (1993: 726). ''Seeds in the heart : Japanese literature from earliest times to the late sixteenth century''. New York : Henry Holt & Co. {{ISBN|978-0-8050-1999-5}}</ref>.<ref name="Sansom2">{{Cite book|last=Sansom|first=George|title=A History of Japan, 1334-1615|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofjapan130002unse|publisher=Stanford University Press|year=1961|ISBN=0804705259|page=60,97,103,140}}</ref> == {{Databox}} plkun0omlugqrlnsh5f54257jkwf9o0 0 30323 180860 124360 2026-08-04T21:51:07Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180860 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}Nihon Gaishi (日本外史) ko deftere Rai San'yo winndi e daartol Japon, nde teeminannde 19ɓiire. Golle ɗee fof ina mbaɗi defte 22, ina njuɓɓina daartol samuraaji gila e wolde Genpei haa e jamaanu Edo. == Tuugnorgal.<ref name="Sato">{{Cite book|last=Sato|author-link=Hiroaki Sato (translator)|first=Hiroaki|title=Legends of the Samurai|url=https://archive.org/details/legendsofsamurai0000sato|publisher=Overlook Duckworth|year=1995|ISBN=9781590207307|page=[https://archive.org/details/legendsofsamurai0000sato/page/205 205]}}</ref> == br8hbj7coc2m2jso6atirijbsziggz4 0 30348 181077 126394 2026-08-05T01:53:52Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181077 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Kod Ōmi''' (近江令, ōmiryō) ko mooɓondiral kuule laamu mooftaaɗe e hitaande 668 AD, e mooɓondiral gadanal sariyaaji Ritsuryō e nder Japon ɓooyɗo. Ɗeeɗoo sariyaaji ko Fujiwara no Kamatari yuɓɓini ɗum en e yamiroore laamɗo biyeteeɗo Tenji. Ndeeɗoo deftere sariyaaji jooni majjii, woodgol mum luulndiingol ngol ina wallita tan e tuugnorgal juutngal e nder binndanɗe caggal ɗuum (ina heen Tōshi Kaden, daartol Fujiwara). Ko adii fof ina ŋakki e Nihon Shoki. Kodduwaar oo, ina waɗi defte 22, yaltinaa ko e hitaande sakkitiinde laamu Tenji. Ndeeɗoo kodde sariya nattii woodde, kono ina wiyee nde laaɓtinaama e ko anndiraa ritsu-ryō Asuka Kiyomihara mo hitaande 689 ; e ɗiin ina paami ko adii Taihō ritsu-ryō mo hitaande 701. == Ƴeew kadi == Risuriyo Kod Taihō Kod Yōrō Asuka Kiyomihara Kod Teskorɗe Ponsonbi-fane, Ricardo (1959). Suudu laamɗo leydi Japon. h. 52. Varley, H. Pool (1980) [1359]. Varley, H. Pool (winndinoowo). Jinno Shotoki ("Taariiha Laamɓe e Laamiiɓe: Jinno Shotoki mo Kitabatake Chikafusa"). Kitabatake Chikafusa. New York: Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Kolombiya. h. 136. ISBN ko 0-231-04940-4. == Tuugnorgal.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ponsonby-Fane|first=Richard|title=The Imperial House of Japan|year=1959|page=52}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Varley|first=H. Paul|authorlink=|editor-last=Varley|editor-first=H. Paul|title=Jinnō Shōtōki ("A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa")|url=https://archive.org/details/chronicleofgodss0000kita|trans-title=|edition=|year=1980|orig-year=1359|publisher=[[Columbia University Press]]|location=New York|isbn=0-231-04940-4|pages=[https://archive.org/details/chronicleofgodss0000kita/page/136 136]|chapter=|quote=|others=[[Kitabatake Chikafusa]]}}</ref> == qtuhk0p624hbrf1lyjz81dhj96a44qn 0 30357 180886 124443 2026-08-04T22:18:33Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180886 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Belt Quraan''' ko diiwaan ɗo Nafooje Lislaam tiiɗi. Ko ɓuri heewde e maggal ina jokkondiri e nokku ɗo Lislaam joginoo batte mum e daartol mum to bannge worgo-fuɗnaange Siin (Xinjiang, Ningxia, Gansu e Qinghai) e keeri Asii hakkundeejo, Tibet e Mongoli.<ref name="Gladney">{{cite book|last=Gladney|first=Dru C.|authorlink=Dru C. Gladney|editor=Guldin, Gregory|editor2=Southall, Aidan|title=Urban Anthropology in China|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A9CY_WiDZrgC&pg=PA282|date=1993-01-01|publisher=BRILL|isbn=9789004096202|page=282|chapter=Hui Urban Entrepreneurialism in Beijing: State Policy, Ethnoreligious Identity and the Chinese City}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Chinese Sultanate: Islam, Ethnicity, and the Panthay Rebellion in Southwest China, 1856-1873|url=https://archive.org/details/chinesesultanate0000atwi|page=[https://archive.org/details/chinesesultanate0000atwi/page/34 34]|first=David G.|last=Atwill|year=2005|publisher=Stanford University Press}}</ref> Nokkuuji goɗɗi e winndere nde Islaam woni walla ɗo taariindi mum ɓuri heewde doole, ina wiyee kadi « Ɓoornugol Quraan » , ko wayi no Kabul e Kandahar to Afganistaan,<ref name="Williams2011">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Brian Glyn|title=Afghanistan Declassified: A Guide to America's Longest War|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cYtXJhByzoEC&pg=PA103|date=September 22, 2011|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|isbn=9780812206159|page=103}}</ref> caka leydi Sawuud,<ref>{{cite book|title=The Arab Predicament: Arab Political Thought and Practice since 1967|first=Fouad|last=Ajami|year=1992|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}</ref> Anatoli fuɗnaange-rewo,<ref>{{cite book|title=The Lost History of Christianity: The Thousand-Year Golden Age of the Church in the Middle East, Africa, and Asia-and How It Died|url=https://archive.org/details/losthistoryofchr00jenk|page=[https://archive.org/details/losthistoryofchr00jenk/page/163 163]|first=John Philip|last=Jenkins|year=2009|publisher=HarperOne}}</ref> Qom to Iraan, Karbala to Iraak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwas e nder leydi Indiya, e to leydi Inndo. e diiwaan falnde Barak e nder diiwaan Assam.<ref name="Knudsen2002">{{cite book|last=Knudsen|first=Are J.|title=Political Islam in South Asia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8-wPAQAAIAAJ|year=2002|publisher=Chr. Michelsen Institute, Development Studies and Human Rights|isbn=9788280620262|page=4}}</ref> == '''Ƴeew kadi''' == * [[Bible Belt]] == '''Tuugnorgal''' == <references /> 0kpg64ktjtzqdgvokozmfr7dlq92ius 0 30358 181087 124444 2026-08-05T02:02:40Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181087 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Banu Sa'd''' (aarabeeɓe: بنو سعد / ALA-LC: Banū Saʿd) jeyaa ko e leƴƴi laamɓe mawɗi leydi Arabi e jamaanu annabi lislaam Muhammadu. Ɓe ngoni ko e fedde leƴƴi Hawazin ɓurnde mawnude. Ebe njoginoo jokkondiral galleeji e Muhammadu. Ɓe ngoniino jaambareeɓe mawɓe, ɓe kaɓii hareeji keewɗi e Muhammadu e añɓe Lislaam. [citation nécessaire] Halima Sadia, jom suudu Muhammadu, jeyaa ko e ndee leñol.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Nicolle|first1=David|url=https://archive.org/details/greatislamicconq0000nico|title=The great Islamic conquests AD 632-750|date=2009|publisher=Osprey|isbn=1846032733|edition=1. publ.|location=Oxford|page=}}</ref> == '''Tuugnorgal''' == <references /> 5eh23em5t359wlmsoddl3294elthemq 0 30378 181148 126414 2026-08-05T03:00:33Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181148 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Rikken Teiseitō''' (立憲帝政党; "Laamu laamu laamɗo doosgal") ko lannda politik cemmbinɗo juutɗo e nder Laamu Japon e jamaanu Meiji. Nde anndiranoo kadi ko Teiseitō tan. == Tariya == Teiseitō sosaa ko e lewru marse 1882, ko Fukuchi Gen’ichirō, e birooji keewɗi e jaayndiyankooɓe heewɓe, ko kamɓe ngoni fedde wallitnde politik wonande oligarsi Meiji. Lannda keso oo, ko Itō Hirobumi e Inoue Kaoru mballiti ɗum. Nde ɗaɓɓi laamu doosɗe jogiingu doosgal leydi, ngu laamɗo Meiji rokkata ɗum, ko ɗum woni ko laamɗo Meiji rokki ɗum, ko ɗum woni ko ɓuri heewde e yimɓe worɓe mawɓe jogiiɓe jawdi, e kuule ndimaagu haala e mooɓondiral. Nde yiyri lanndaaji dawrugol yimɓe, haa teeŋti noon e Rikken Kaishintō e Jiyūtō, ko kam en ngoni luulndiiɓe mayre mawɓe. Nde fusi ko e lewru suwee 1883. === Tuugnorgal.<ref>{{cite book|last=Sims|first=Richard|year=2001|title=Japanese Political History Since the Meiji Renovation 1868–2000|url=https://archive.org/details/japanesepolitica0000sims|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|page=[https://archive.org/details/japanesepolitica0000sims/page/63 63]|isbn=0-312-23915-7}}</ref> === njfp006ume4kutlis7nivfyihzls3ec 0 30388 181051 126189 2026-08-05T01:28:41Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181051 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Politikuuji assimilaasiyoŋ Ryukyuan''' ko doggol golle baɗaaɗe e leñol Ryukyuan e anniya assimilaasiyoŋ mum en e pinal e mbaydi Japon puɗɗiiɗi ko juuti hade Disposition Ryukyu e hitaande 1879 haa hannde. == Ɓawo == E hitaande 1879, laamu Japon momti Domen Ryukyu, riiwti laamɗo mum to Tokiyoo. Prefektuur Okinawa sosaa ko e leydi keɓtinaandi kesiri ndii. Duundeere Amami ndee ina jeyaa e Japon tawo sabu njillu Satsuma to Ryukyu, ɗe mbaɗtaa e nder diiwaan Kagoshima caggal nde Domen Satsuma yani. == Tariya == Duuɓi seeɗa caggal nde Japon heɓi leydi ndii, fuɗɗii waɗde politik assimilation e nder duuɗe Ryukyu. Yeru lolluɗo ko kaayitaaji ɗemngal (方言札, hōgen fuda), ɗi ndokketee almudɓe haalooɓe ɗemngal Ryukyuan e nder duɗal.Jukkungo jogiiɓe kaayitaaji ina keewi wonde ko korporaal. Japonnaaɓe mawɓe ɓee kadi ina ƴeewa pinal Ryukyuan ko "caggal", ina njaawna golle ɗee haa ɓurti.Ko noon kadi waɗiri e nder renndooji diaspora, haa arti noon e Hawaii, ɗo Okinawaanaaɓe nokkuuji ɗii keewi ƴeewteede ko boni e yimɓe woɗɓe Nikkei. == Diisnondiral ɓeydiima e wolde adunaare ɗiɗmere, ɗo Okinawaanaaɓe heewɓe mbaraa sabu haalde ɗemngal Okinawan e tuumeede wonde ko ɓe njiylawu. == == Ƴeew kadi == Ryūkyū Jikku Assimilaasiyoŋ pinal == Tuugnorgal == .<ref>{{Cite book|last=Gillan|first=Matt|title=Songs from the Edge of Japan: Music-making in Yaeyama and Okinawa|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=2016|chapter=3}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Karan|first=Pradyumna P.|title=Japan in the 21st Century Environment, Economy, and Society|publisher=University Press of Kentucky|year=2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Minorities and Education in Multicultural Japan|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=2010|chapter=4|author=Kaori H. Okano|author2=Ryoko Tsuneyoshi|author3=Sarane Boocock}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Sterling|first=Masako Kimura|title=I Thought the Sun Was God The Spiritual Journey of a Descendant of the Last Satsuma Samurai Clan|url=https://archive.org/details/ithoughtsunwasgo0000stre|publisher=FriesenPress|year=2013|page=[https://archive.org/details/ithoughtsunwasgo0000stre/page/17 17]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Kimura|first=Yukiko|title=Issei: Japanese Immigrants in Hawaii|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|year=1992|page=55}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Militarized Currents Toward a Decolonized Future in Asia and the Pacific|publisher=University of Minnesota Press|year=2010|page=101|author=Setsu Shigematsu|author2=Keith L. Camacho}}</ref> ahtrwkn4d4z80x86wpog4u6qp1iyr5u 0 30397 181145 126152 2026-08-05T02:57:38Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181145 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Sado bugyō''' (佐渡奉行) ko ardiiɓe laamu Tokugawa toppitiiɓe njuɓɓudi golle njulaagu to Sado. Duunde Sado ko duunde jeegoɓere ɓurnde mawnude e nder duuɗe Japon. Nde woni ko e maayo Japon to bannge worgo diiwaan Echigo to worgo-fuɗnaange Honshu. Ko ɓuri heewde e daartol mum ko adii hannde, ko eggiyankooɓe ndiiwaa e duunde ndee. Duunde ndee ina anndaa e ŋakkeende kaŋŋe e kaalis gila ko famɗi fof e teeminannde 12ɓiire ; kono golle njulaagu tiiɗɗe puɗɗaaki haa udditgol njulaagu Aikawa e hitaande 1601. E ndeeɗoo hitaande kadi, Sado waɗtaa e laamu toowngu laamu Tokugawa, e hitaande 1603 Ōkubo Nagayasu toɗɗaa « komisariyaajo » gadano. Tiitoonde ndee ko Sado daikan e dow laabi haa hitaande 1618, e bugyō caggal ɗuum. Posto oo ko hatamoto wonnoo e ballondiral e gollotooɓe fotde teemedere yoriki e konstaabel dōshin. Mineraaluuji to Sado ngolliraama no feewi ; e wonnoo ko ɓuuɓri mawndi wonande laamuuji Tokugawa gadani ɗii, ina mbaɗa ko ina tolnoo e 100 ton kaŋŋe e kaalis tuggi 1616 haa 1627 ; kono e kitaale 1730, depasuuji ɗii ina keewi ustaade, peewnugol ngol ina famɗi tonngoode kaalis haa e cakkital teeminannde 18ɓiire. Posto Sado bugyō momtaama e restoraasiyoŋ Meiji. Doggol buyooji Sado Ko doggol dilloowol, ina gasa tawa ngol meeɗaa waawde heblude tolnooji keertiiɗi ngam timminde. Aɗa waawi wallude e ɓeydude geɗe ŋakkuɗe e lowre koolkisaande. 1603-1613 Ōkubo Nagayasu Ƴeew kadi == Teskorɗe<ref>[[Louis Cullen|Cullen, Louis M.]] (2003). [https://books.google.com/books?id=ycY_85OInSoC&q=bugyo&pg=PA112 ''A History of Japan, 1582-1941: Internal and External Worlds,'' p. 112.]</ref>.<ref>{{Cite news|title=https://www.visitsado.com/en/outline/|url=https://www.visitsado.com/en/outline/|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240822192339/https://www.visitsado.com/en/outline/|archive-date=2024-08-22|access-date=2024-12-27|work=Sado Sightseeing Navi|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Japan">{{cite book|last1=Campbell|first1=Allen|last2=Nobel|first2=David S|title=Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia|url=https://archive.org/details/japanillustrated0000unse|publisher=Kodansha|date=1993|page=903|isbn=406205938X}}</ref> == 0dcengfh19xicd4c3jabd5wl7rgyjvs 0 30414 180985 126163 2026-08-05T00:01:01Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180985 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Seikijuku''' (正氣塾; "Duɗal Miijooɓe Hakkillaaji") ko fedde imperiyaalisma Japonnaare toownde, jooɗnde e nder diiwaan Nagasaki, sosaande e hitaande 1981. Fedde nde ina joginoo geɗe bonɗe keewɗe, ina jeyaa heen warngooji baɗnooɗi e hitaande 1990, tawi ko gardiiɗo diiwaan Mowshitoamperakid, gardiiɗo diiwaan Moshimatoamperakid, mo fotnoo warde ngam hare nde. E hitaande 1984, fedde ndee bonni yeewtere Fuji TV e flare. == Ƴeew kadi == Ko ƴaañde politik e nder leydi Japon Uyoku dantaa Fuɗɗoode Notes Aduna Wakkati Japon. 24 lewru juko hitaande 2001. Tuugnorgal<ref>{{cite book|last1=Merkl|first1=Peter H.|title=Encounters With The Contemporary Radical Right|url=https://archive.org/details/encounterswithco00merk|date=25 April 1993|location=New York|isbn=9780429034404|chapter=Chapter Conclusion: A New Lease on Life for the Radical Right?}}</ref>.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080225035646/http://www1.ocn.ne.jp/~seiron/ 正氣塾表題<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080225035646/http://www1.ocn.ne.jp/~seiron/|date=2008-02-25}}</ref>.<ref>『[[中日新聞]]』1984年2月17日付夕刊</ref> f806l98h0yn8h2qi9vp4ekgol2fhjbr 0 30476 180908 124824 2026-08-04T22:38:26Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180908 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:The Throne of Sajjada Nasheen of Sachal Sarmast.jpg|thumb|The Throne of Sajjada Nasheen of Sachal Sarmast]] '''Sajāda Nashīn''' (Persian: سجاده نشین; lit. ' gooto] jooɗii [e] duwaawu duwaawu’)<ref>{{Cite book|last=Schimmel|first=Annemarie|title=Islam in the Indian Subcontinent|url=https://archive.org/details/islaminindiansub0000schi|publisher=Brill|year=1980|location=Leiden|pages=[https://archive.org/details/islaminindiansub0000schi/page/273 273]}}</ref> walla Gaddi Nashin ko helmere iwdi Persi, huutorteende e nder aadaaji Suufiyaŋkooɓe to Asii fuɗnaange, ina tuugnii e lomtotooɗo oo, ina jokkondiri e lomtotooɗo oo, ina jokkondiri e lomtotooɗo oo, ina jokkondiri e lomto walla heddiritary gardiiɗo jaagorgal suufiewal custodian walla hoolaaɓe e nokku makko.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.suficulture.org/sajjadanashin.php|title=Who is Sajjadanashin?|website=Sufi Cultural Organization|date=n.d.|accessdate=9 March 2022}}</ref> Won heen ɗo, Ajjada Nashin woni ɓii suufi walla Pir walla iwdi gooto e almuɓɓe mum en. Sajjada firti ko ‘war duwaawu’ (gila e sajdarat aarabeeɓe walla ‘prostrat’) tawa nashin ko konngol huutorteengol wonande neɗɗo jooɗiiɗo heen.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ali|first=Syed Ameer|title=The Law Relating to Gifts, Trusts, and Testamentary Dispositions Among the Mahommedans:According to the Hanafi, Maliki, Shâfeï, and Shiah Schools|publisher=Thacker, Spink and Company|year=1885|location=London|pages=246}}</ref> Sajjada ina teskaa e nokku mo Suufiijo oo waɗi e yanaande walla yanaande, anndiraande Darga walla Mazar. Koolaaɗo ko neɗɗo teeŋtuɗo jogiiɗo e ardaade laabi Suufiiɗi aadaaji e nder golle Dargah ñalnde kala e teeŋti noon e sahaa maayde maayɗeele noddirteeɗe Urs. No darnde ndonu ndee darnde Sajjanaaɓe nashin rewirta e cukalel caggal maayde jogiiɗo oo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1154264|title=Waqar Hussain becomes 12th Sajjada Nashin of Shah Bhitai shrine|website=[[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]]|accessdate=9 March 2022|date=31 December 2014}}</ref> Ñawanɗe dawriyankooɓe Pakistan biyeteeɗo Shah Mehmood Qureshi ko Nashin Sajja oo, hono no Suufiyaŋke biyeteeɗo Hazrat Baha-din Zakariya Mulani. Syed Ghulam Nisamudin Jami ko Sajjada Nashin mo woni jooni oo, mo Golra sharif. Sarwar Chishti woni ndonu sajjato Sarwada mo sharif nir sharif. Syed Mohammad Faiz Nizami ko nashin sajjada mo hannde mo dargah Hazrat Nisamuddin, Nuzhi Doktoor Kalifa Masthan Sahib Qadri ko Naashen Nagore (Kalifa - hooreejo leydi) Nagore Dargah, Tamil Nadu, to leydi Indiya. Javed Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan. wakilaade Hanumangarh e nder Rajasthan, galle toowɗo leydi Indiya. == '''Ƴeew kadi''' == * [[Khanqah]] * [[Silsila]] * [[Tariqa]] * [[Ziyarat]] == '''Tuugnorgal''' == <references /> fz562ababz9ndr9afs43o07t7vu1705 0 30566 180895 126422 2026-08-04T22:24:00Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180895 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Hare nde yurmeende alaa''': Leñol e doole e nder wolde Pasifik ko deftere daartol nde John W. Dower winndi e hitaande 1986, nde W. W. Norton & Company yaltini. Deftere ndee ina hollita miijooji Japon e gaññeeje mum en hirnaange e nder wolde Pasifik, teeŋti noon e leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik. == Yiyngo == E nder War Without Mercy, Dower, porfeseer emeritus to MIT, ƴeewtindorii kampaañ Pasifik e nder wolde adunaare ɗimmere rewrude e mbaydi njiyaagu O wiyi wonde hare hakkunde Amerik e Japon ina foti yiyeede no hare njiyaagu nii, hono no seedaa e "jimɗi, konnguɗi, ciimtol propagande, binndanɗe sirlu, e filmuuji Hollywood e politikaaji". Dower ina seerndi njiyaagu hirnaange feewde e yimɓe Japon e jikkuuji feewde e Almaañnaaɓe/Nazi en nde tawnoo to Amerik, Almaañnaaɓe fof ina ceerti e Nazi en. O wiyi wonde oon ceertugol timmaani walla timmaani, kono haa jooni ina seerti e jikkuuji yimɓe Japon ɓee fof. O hollitii sifaaji ceertuɗi ɗi yimɓe iwdi Almaañ e Japon mbaɗirnoo (internement e nder haala Japon-Ameriknaaɓe e ƴeewtaade ballal udditiingal Bund Almaañ Ameriknaajo wonande Hitler haa e bayyinaango wolde). Dower hollitii misaaluuji njiyaagu, o wiyi wonde hono ɗeen haalaaji e miijooji ina mbaawi tabitineede no feewi: "Ɗi [miijooji njiyaagu] ina keddii e suuɗde, ina mbaawi wuurtineede banngeeji ɗiɗi ɗii fof e sahaaji caɗeele e jiiɓru."Jaɓɓugo == So tawii ina jaɓi won e miijooji Dower, daartiyankooɓe ɓee kadi ina njuurnitoo won e toɓɓe makko goɗɗe. Yeru, jaaynoowo e daartoowo Angalteer biyeteeɗo Max Hastings wiyi wonde miijooji Amerik e Japon ina pamɗi ɗo bommbooji weeyo ɗii ngoni ɗoo. Yimɓe siwil en e nder Japon e Almaañ fof, o teskiima, ina ngondi e bommbooji teeŋtuɗi ɗi leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik mbaɗi, hay so tawii noon peewnitooɓe wolde ɓee ina nganndi ɗum ina addana ɗum en warde. == == Taƴe == == Hare nde alaa yurmeende ina feccii e pecce nay. Taƴre adannde ndee ina sifoo no hare njiyaagu yahrata. Feccere ɗimmere e tataɓere ndee ko set potɗo : Feccere ɗiɗmere ndee ina siftina hare ndee e yiyannde Hirnaange, feccere tataɓere ndee ina siftina hare ndee no gite Japon njiyri ɗum nii. Kitano wiyi "Senaare toɓɓere-toɓɓere, no pine ɗiɗi ɗee paamirta, paamataa, firtataa e etaade hollirde halkaare hakkunde mum en ina waɗi karallaagal." Feccere sakkitiinde ndee ko epilogue, ina hollita no ɗeen miijooji tiiɗɗi ustii, kono ina gasa tawa ɗi majjaani haa laaɓi. == == Ƴeew kadi == == Wiɗto politik winndereejo e leñol Yamato ko Nukleer == == Tuugnorgal. == == <ref name="Dower">{{cite book|last=Dower|first=John W|authorlink=John W. Dower|title=War Without Mercy: Race & Power In the Pacific War|year=1986|edition=1993|pages=[https://archive.org/details/warwithoutmercy00john_0/page/317 317]|publisher=[[W. W. Norton & Company|W. W. Norton & Co.]]|isbn=0-394-75172-8|url=https://archive.org/details/warwithoutmercy00john_0/page/317}}</ref>.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/06/29/books/images-of-the-enemy.html|title=War Without Mercy review|last=Plath|first=David W.|date=June 29, 1986|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=May 5, 2018|quote=}}</ref> <ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.foreignaffairs.com/reviews/capsule-review/1986-09-01/war-without-mercy-race-and-power-pacific-war|title=War Without Mercy: Race and Power in the Pacific War|last=Smith|first=Gladdis|date=Autumn 1986|website=foreignaffairs.com|publisher=[[Foreign Affairs]]|access-date=May 5, 2018|quote=}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-05-25-bk-7088-story.html|title=War Without Mercy|last=Kitano|first=Harry H. L.|date=May 25, 1986|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=May 5, 2018|quote=}}</ref> <ref name="Mitgang">{{cite web|last=Mitgang|first=Herbert|authorlink=|title=Books: Of Bias and War|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/06/19/arts/books-of-bias-and-war.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 19, 1986|access-date=November 29, 2019|page=}}</ref>.<ref name="Stevenson">{{cite web|last=Stevenson|first=John|authorlink=|title=Reading: Hating the Japanese Why during World War II were the Japanese perceived as being more treacherous and atrocious than the Nazis?|url=https://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/reading-hating-the-japanese/|work=[[Chicago Reader]]|date=May 14, 1987|access-date=November 29, 2019|page=}}</ref> <ref>{{cite book|last=Hastings|first=Max|authorlink=Max Hastings|title=Retribution: The Battle for Japan, 1944-45|url=https://archive.org/details/retributionbattl00hast|year=2009|pages=[https://archive.org/details/retributionbattl00hast/page/283 281]–82|location=New York|publisher=Knopf Doubleday}}</ref> <ref name="Kitano">{{cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-05-25-bk-7088-story.html|title=War Without Mercy|last=Kitano|first=Harry H. L.|date=May 25, 1986|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=November 29, 2019|quote=}}</ref> == rh9mgto8sfz6726h9j7bwv2w6ncswkt 0 30604 180986 125256 2026-08-05T00:01:41Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180986 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lamɗam ɓuuɓɗam''' ina hollita cate salte mo nganndu-ɗaa ina nanndi e kiriis mum yoorɗo, nannduɗo e plate ("lamellose"). Sifaa maɓɓe ko batte mawnugol ceertungol hakkunde yeeso e geɗe kiriis, batte baawɗe heɓtaade e laabi ceertuɗi. Lamɗam ɓuuɓɗam ina waawi feeñde e tagoore kono ina waawi kadi feeñde e laabi keewɗi, ina heen ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓri e dow panneeji ndiyam njamndi walla ina ɓuuɓna ɗum e nder ɓuuɓri naange. Karallaagal kuutorteengal kam e ngonkaaji weeyo ina waawi rokkude mbaydiiji kiristaal ceertuɗi. Lamteeji ɓuuɓɗi ina mbaawi feeñde e mbaydiiji ɗi ngonaa njuɓɓudi, mbaydiiji piramid, kaɓirɗe, walla kiriis laminaaji nannduɗi e ɓuuɓri.<ref name="flake">{{cite book|title=Salted: A Manifesto on the World's Most Essential Mineral, With Recipes|url=https://archive.org/details/saltedmanifestoo0000bitt|last=Bitterman|first=Mark|year=2010|publisher=Ten Speed Press|isbn=978-1-58008-262-4|pages=[https://archive.org/details/saltedmanifestoo0000bitt/page/67 67]–68}}</ref> Ɗeeɗoo salteeji ina keewi jogaade miniraaji ɓurɗi lesɗude e salteeji goɗɗi ɗii, ina ndokka ɗum en ñamri salte ɓurndi semmbe. Ko ɓuri heewde e mbaydiiji ɓuuɓɗi, ɓuuɓɗi ɓuuɓɗi e nokkuuji mawɗi dow e masse lowre rokkata ɗum en mbaydi ɓuuɓndi e njuuteendi ɓuuɓri yaawndi. Sabu mbaydiiji salteeji ɗii, selmeliiji ina keewi huutoraade ɗi ngam timminde salteeji. == '''Ƴeew kadi''' == * [[Alberger process]] * [[List of edible salts]] * [[Fleur de sel]] == '''Tuugnorgal''' == <references /> c377lwftyvdq77jh0vis9vvhgsw8qge 0 30613 181125 125286 2026-08-05T02:41:42Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181125 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Cairo, moschea di al-muayyad, interno, dikka.JPG|thumb|Dikka to Julirde Sultan Hasan to Kayhayru]] [[File:Edirne Feb 2020 12 25 27 423000.jpeg|thumb|Galle muezzin to Jumaa Selimiye to Edirne, leydi [[Turkiya|Turki]]]] '''Dikka''' walla '''dakka''' (Aarabeere: دكة),<ref>{{Cite book|last=Hillenbrand|first=Robert|title=Islamic Architecture: Form, function, and meaning|url=https://archive.org/details/islamicarchitect0000hill_h4x4|publisher=Columbia University Press|year=1994|isbn=9780231101332|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/islamicarchitect0000hill_h4x4/page/598 598]|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Hinnells|first=John R.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bNAJiwpmEo0C&dq=mosque+dikka&pg=PT203|title=The Penguin Handbook of the World's Living Religions|publisher=Penguin UK|year=2010|isbn=978-0-14-195504-9|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Freely|first=John|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vgp46TUFK7wC&dq=muezzin+mahfili&pg=PA24|title=A History of Ottoman Architecture|date=2011|publisher=WIT Press|isbn=978-1-84564-506-9|pages=24|language=en}}</ref> anndiraa kadi e ɗemngal [[Turkiya|Turki]] müezzin mahfili, ko lowre toownde walla tribune e nder juulirde ɗo Quraana janngetee, ɗo muezzin yimata walla ruttotoo ngam jaabaade duwaawu imam.<ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2009|isbn=9780195309911|editor-last=M. Bloom|editor-first=Jonathan|volume=2|location=|pages=549|chapter=Mosque|editor-last2=S. Blair|editor-first2=Sheila}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Blair|first1=Sheila S.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-mhIgewDtNkC&pg=PP3|title=The Art and Architecture of Islam 1250-1800|last2=Bloom|first2=Jonathan M.|publisher=Yale University Press|year=1995|isbn=9780300064650|location=|pages=340}}</ref><ref name=":12" /><ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-07-10|title='Mukabbariyah' at Prophet's Mosque retains its glitter|url=http://saudigazette.com.sa/article/52277|access-date=2022-07-28|website=Saudigazette|language=English}}</ref> Ko kañum kadi muezzin huutortoo ngam yimde noddaango ɗiɗaɓo (iqama), ko ɗum hollirta juulɓe wonde juulde ina jogori fuɗɗaade. E nder balɗe teeŋtuɗe walla kikiiɗe, ko wayi no lewru Ramadaan, janngooɓe Qur’aana annduɓe walla annduɓe ina kuutoroo kadi lowre ndee ngam yimde geɗe Qur’aana. Ina anndiraa kadi mukabbariyah (Aarabeere: مكبرية) e nder Jumaa Nelaaɗo to Madiina. Ndee ɗoo sifaa tawaaka e juulirɗe kala kono ɓuri heewde taweede ko e juulirɗe mawɗe ɗo juulɓe woɗɗuɓe mihrab ina caɗti nande liimam. Ummital e dow coloŋaaji, ina waawi wonde mbaydi dartiindi sara hakkunde suudu juulde walla balkon gonɗo e dow ŋoral walla e ŋoral gonngal e sara minbar. == Ƴeew kadi == Dakka == Tuugnorgal == 19gp0zrzmtdf6r49a4i6kfwtdakkc94 0 30626 180877 125423 2026-08-04T22:08:35Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180877 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maaro Champa''' ko maaro jaawɗo ɓuuɓde, ɓuuɓɗo, baawɗo accude balɗe ɗiɗi capanɗe jeegom e kala sahaa ndema.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Haywood|first1=John|last2=Jotischky|first2=Andrew|last3=McGlynn|first3=Sean|title=Historical Atlas of the Medieval World, AD 600-1492|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YQMUNgAACAAJ|year=1998|publisher=Barnes & Noble|isbn=978-0-7607-1976-3|pages=3.21}}</ref> Maaro Champa ummorii ko e sub-population aus, ko nanndi e maaro japonica e maaro indica fof.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Barker|first=Randolph|date=2012|title=The Origin and Spread of Early-Ripening Champa Rice: {{sic|I|t's|nolink=y}} Impact on Song Dynasty China|journal=RICE|volume=4|issue=3–4|pages=184–186|doi=10.1007/s12284-011-9079-6|doi-access=free}}</ref> Ina gasa tawa ummorii ko Fuɗnaange Inndo, maaro Champa naati ko e Laamu Champa e nder Siin Song e teeminannde 11ɓiire. Ndeen maaro Champa neldaama to Siin Song e teeminannde 11ɓiire, ko dokkal teddungal ummoraade e Champa e laamu laamɗo Zhenzong mo Song (laamɗo 997-1022).<ref>Lynda Noreen Shaffer, ''A Concrete Panoply of Intercultural Exchange: Asia in World History'' (1997) in ''Asia in Western and World History'', edited by [[Ainslie T. Embree]] and [[Carol Gluck]] (Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe), p. 839-840.</ref><ref name="BullietCrossley2008">{{cite book|author1=Richard W. Bulliet|author2=Pamela Kyle Crossley|author3=Daniel R. Headrick|author4=Steven Hirsch, Lyman Johnson|title=The Earth and Its Peoples: A Global History, Brief Edition, Volume I: To 1550: A Global History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=niqhizFDhKUC&q=champa+tribute+rice+india+yields+crop&pg=PA279|date=1 February 2008|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=978-0-618-99238-6|pages=279–}}</ref> Jaagorɓe laamu Song ndokki remooɓe e nder leydi Siin fof maaro champa mo yaawi mawnude ngam ɓeydude ngalu mum en, e sahaa ndema mum yaawnde ina waɗi nafoore mawnde e ñamminde yimɓe Siin ɓe ɓeydotoo ko ina tolnoo e miliyoŋaaji 100 neɗɗo.<ref name="beckHistory">{{cite book|last1=Beck|first1=Roger B.|last2=Black|first2=Linda|last3=Krieger|first3=Larry S.|last4=Naylor|first4=Phillip C.|last5=Shabaka|first5=Dahia Ibo|title=World History: Patterns of Interaction|url=https://archive.org/details/worldhistorypatt0000unse_u5h7|date=2012|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|isbn=978-0-547-49112-7|page=[https://archive.org/details/worldhistorypatt0000unse_u5h7/page/325 325]}}</ref> Maaro Champa ina yaaji e ballal njulaagu nawooɓe maaro oo e nder laawol silki ngol fof. == '''Ƴeew kadi''' == Doggol mbaydiiji maaro Maaro yaawɗo ɓuuɓde == '''Tuugnorgal''' == <references /> tnqysl0f0w6buvu444sxqnld7ot2pap 0 30633 181012 125438 2026-08-05T00:45:57Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181012 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Base cooking''', sahaa e sahaa fof ina wiyee base suukara, ko huunde ɓuuɓnde huutorteende e nokkuuji restoraaji ngam waɗde suukara, soseeji, e ɓuuɓri.<ref name="PoP">{{cite book|title=Paradox of Plenty: A Social History of Eating in Modern America, Part 12|url=https://archive.org/details/paradoxofplentys0000leve_z8a0|page=[https://archive.org/details/paradoxofplentys0000leve_z8a0/page/129 129]|author=Harvey A. Levenstein|publisher=University of California Press|date=May 30, 2003}}</ref> Nde tawnoo ina waawi soodeede wonaa feewnude ko newi, ina heewi huutoreede e nder restoraaji ɗo njoɓdi ɓuri teeŋtude e heɓde haute cuisine. Base veal e chicken ina keewi, ko noon kadi base nagge, lamɗam e leɗɗe. Base suukara ina tawee e toɓɓe keewɗe e kalite. Hannde, ɗeen geɗe ina peewnee e mbaydiiji sodium seeɗa e seeɗa no feewi, ko wayi no kosam geec e kosam ɗam.<ref name="Vogue">{{cite web|url=http://www.voguecuisine.com/gluten-free-low-sodium-base.php|title=Vogue's Soup & Seasoning Bases|publisher=Vogue Cuisine|year=2011|accessdate=May 16, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317112832/http://www.voguecuisine.com/gluten-free-low-sodium-base.php|archive-date=March 17, 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> == '''Tuugnorgal''' == <references /> == '''Ƴeew kadi''' == * [[Stock cube]] * [[Instant soup]] i11avxy3v08j93qrpyabfajf3egg08x 0 30638 181015 125452 2026-08-05T00:50:10Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181015 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Selection of creamed honey jars from Europe.jpg|thumb|Selection of creamed honey jars from Europe]] '''Njuumri ɓuuɓndi''' ko njumri ndi njuumri ndi huutoraa ngam haɓaade kiristaalisaasiyoŋ. Anndiraa kadi fondant njuumri,<ref>{{cite book|page=[https://archive.org/details/honeymorethan75d0000lask/page/11 11]|title=Honey: More Than 75 Delicious Recipes|url=https://archive.org/details/honeymorethan75d0000lask|author=Avner Laskin|year=2008|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing|Sterling]]|isbn=9781402749360}}</ref> njumri soft set, walla njuumri ɓuuɓndi, ina jogii mbaydi ɓuuɓndi, ɓuuɓndi, ndi ɓuuɓri mum ɓuri ɓuuɓde e njuumri ndiyam ndi sifaa puɗi gooto. Laawol peewnugol njuumri ɓuuɓndi fuɗɗii ko e hitaande 1935, gila ndeen laabi goɗɗi ina peeñninaa. == '''Limtol''' == Njuumri ɓuuɓndi ina waɗi ɓuuɓri tokosiri keewndi, ndi haɗata ɓuuɓri ɓurndi mawnude baawndi waɗde e njuumri ndi mbaylaaka. Kosam ɗam kadi ina addana njuumri ndi ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓndi, ɓuuɓndi, ɓuuɓndi. Sabu ko glucose woni ko ɓuuɓnata e nder njuumri, kadi nde wonnoo ko ɓuuɓri glucose woni daneeji laaɓtuɗi, njuumri ɓuuɓndi ina ɓuri njuumri ndiyam ndi sifaa puɗi gooto.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.eldenfoods.com/s/stories/what-is-creamed-honey|title=What is Creamed Honey?|website=Elden Foods|language=en|access-date=2018-11-03}}</ref> Njumri ɓuuɓndi ina heddii e mbaydi mum ɓuuɓndi haa abada so tawii ndi rewaama e nguleeki ko ina tolnoo e 65 °F (18 °C). == '''Laabi peewnugol''' == '''Laawol Dyce ngol''' Njuumri ɓuuɓndi ko Elton J. Dyce feewni ɗum e fuɗɗoode kitaale 1930. E nder daawal peewnugol kuuɓtodinngal, kiristaaluuji aawdi mikroskoop ina ɓeydee e njumri ndiyam. Ndeen paddorde ina ɓuuɓna ɓuuɓri njuumri ndii tawa ina heddii hakkunde 55–70 °F (13–21 °C) ; ɓuuɓri timmaani e nder balɗe 2-3. Dyce huutoriima nguleeki toowki pasteurization ngam hoolkisaade wonde ɓuuɓri makko ndi alaa ko woni e mum so wonaa kiristaaluuji mawɗi no feewi ngam waɗde golle ɗee, kono karallaagal kesal ina huutoroo njuumri kesiri, ndi ndiyam ɓuuɓɗam, ndi 1:10 walla ko ɓuri ɗum. Ko sakkitii koo ina addana en batte njuumri ɓuuɓndi e nder waktuuji 80. '''Feereeji e dow Laawol Dyce''' E nokku pasteurisation, njuumri kesiri ndi ɓuuɓnaaka tawo ina waawi huutoreede. Huutoraade njuumri kesiri ina addana enzimuuji gonɗi e tagoore ndee ustaade, pasteurisaasiyoŋ ina usta enzimuuji ɗii. Laawol keddiingol ngol fof ina heddii no limtaa e Laawol Dyce ngol nii. == '''Tuugnorgal''' == <references /> e3nxasfw5p2bnar88qssm45oaap8twn 0 30648 181124 125505 2026-08-05T02:40:21Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181124 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Barm''', ina wiyee kadi ale lewru,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=May 2017|title=Of Pearl Ash, Emptins, And Tree Sweetnin'|url=https://www.americanheritage.com/pearl-ash-emptins-and-tree-sweetnin|access-date=2023-02-03|website=[[American Heritage (magazine)|American Heritage]]|language=en}}</ref> ko foam walla scum sosaa e dow ndiyam ɓuuɓɗam, ko wayi no biir, diine,<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Barm|volume=3|page=407}}</ref> walla ñamri ngam ruuhuuji walla distillation etanol industriel. Ina huutoree ngam yaltude mburu, walla sosde fermentation e nder battane kese liɗɗi. Barm, hono no lewru nii, waɗaama kadi e millet leydi hawraama e ko foti yaltude e diine-tubs<ref name="Bothams">{{cite web|author=Botham's of Whitby|url=http://www.botham.co.uk/bread/yeast.htm|title=The story behind a loaf of bread}}</ref> e sahaa e sahaa fof ina huutoree e ɗemngal Engele ngam waɗde heen mbaydi (sourdough).<ref name="Reinhart">{{cite book|last=Reinhart|first=Peter|title=Crust and Crumb|url=https://archive.org/details/crustcrumbmaster00rein|location=Berkeley, CA|publisher=Ten Speed Press|year=1998|isbn=1-58008-802-3}} Reinhart derived the term from his training under [http://www.barmbaker.com Monica Spiller].</ref> Pine ceertuɗe ummoriiɗe e barm, ko heewi heen ko Saccharomyces cereviae, ko maamiraaɓe e ko ɓuri heewde e mbaydiiji lewru e lewru baker e nder luumo. Cake barm ko mburu softuɗo, ɓuuɓɗo, ɓuuɓɗo ummoraade e Fuɗnaange-rewo Angalteer, e aadaaji mum, e nder aadaaji, e barm.<ref name="Ayto2012">{{cite book|author=John Ayto|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NoicAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA21|title=The Diner's Dictionary: Word Origins of Food and Drink|date=18 October 2012|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-964024-9|page=21}}</ref><ref name="Stevenson2010">{{cite book|author=Angus Stevenson|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=anecAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA133|title=Oxford Dictionary of English|date=19 August 2010|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-957112-3|page=133}}</ref><ref name="Chambers1998">{{cite book|author=Allied Chambers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pz2ORay2HWoC&pg=PA129|title=The Chambers Dictionary|publisher=Allied Publishers|year=1998|isbn=978-81-86062-25-8|page=129}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Downes|first=John|date=28 July 2011|title=BBC Food blog: The ale-barm method: Worthy of revival or just barmy bread?|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/food/2011/07/the-ale-barm-method-worthy-of.shtml|accessdate=14 June 2019|website=BBC Online|quote="...the original method of making yeast bread in Britain was a by-product of ale-making. When traditional ale is made, a yeasty froth appears on top of the fermenting liquid, the [[wort]]. This used to be scooped off, washed and added to bread dough in order to leaven it. Bread made this way is sweeter tasting than [[sourdough]], and the leavening yeast used to be called 'barm'. Its unpredictability created the word 'barmy'. In the 19th century, the process was refined and industrialized, manufacturing it on a large scale with what is known today as '[[baker's yeast]]', and used worldwide as the primary method of leavening bread. The barm method appears to be an ancient method developed by Gaelic peoples, and was quite different from that used in Europe, which is to leaven bread with a sourdough or leaven (the French call a similar product 'levain'). When the Romans first conquered Gaul, modern day France, they were astonished by the light sweet bread made by the Celtic inhabitants. Barm bread survived with the Celtic peoples in Britain, Scotland and Ireland, but was not common in Europe, being condemned during the [[Age of Enlightenment|Enlightenment]] as 'unwholesome'. In England, noblemen's bread, [[manchet]], was always made with the barm method, whereas the commoners' bread, [[maslin]], was a sourdough. Barm bread survived until World War Two, and even later in the North of England, largely as barm cakes. Curiously, the old method of making a sponge, or thick batter of flour and water with the barm was still used with the new industrially produced yeast, and was re-introduced to Europe from Vienna where the first yeast factories were established. This became popular in France as a '[[poolish]]', the favoured method of making crusty bread such as a baguette."}}</ref> To leydi Irlande, barm ina huutoree e peewnugol ganni, mburu ɓuuɓɗo. Emptintin, ko huunde nde galle mum nanndi e barme, tee ina heewi waɗeede e hop walla pataake e ɓuuɓri ƴiye cider walla ale, ko ɓuuɓri keewndi wonande hoɗɓe e gure teeru, woɗɗuɗe, walla e bakkaat mo ɓe mbaawi heɓde barme walla lewru. == '''Ƴeew kadi''' == {{Wiktionary}} * [[Kaiser roll]] * [[Sour mash]] * [[Yeast in winemaking]] == '''Tuugnorgal''' == <references /> pbq428chujdbi08adpsyfbmgyeap6ef 0 30649 181083 150650 2026-08-05T02:00:48Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181083 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Beurre manié.jpg|thumb|Beurre manié]] '''Beurre manié''' (Farned "brenched butter") ko paste, ina waɗi geɗe potɗe e ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓri e ɓuuɓri, kuutorteendi ngam ustude suukara e soseeji. E ɓuuɓnude ɓuuɓri ndii e ɓuuɓri ndii, ɓuuɓri ndii ina ɓuuɓna e nder ɓuuɓri. So manié beurre oo ina ɓuuɓna e nder ndiyam ngulɗam walla ɓuuɓɗam, ɓuuɓri ndii ina ɓuuɓtoo, ina yaltina ɓuuɓri ndi tawa aɗa waɗa ɓuuɓri.<ref>{{cite book|last=Gisslen|first=Wayne|year=2003|title=Professional Cooking|url=https://archive.org/details/professionalcook0000giss_p2q0|publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Inc.|location=New York, NY|isbn=0-471-39711-3|pages=[https://archive.org/details/professionalcook0000giss_p2q0/page/135 135], 138}}</ref> Beurre manié ina nanndi e, kono fotaani jiiɓde, roux, ko ɗum kadi woni ɓuuɓri waɗeteendi e geɗe potɗe e sahaaji ɓuuɓri laaɓndi walla nebam e farin keewɗi goɗɗi kono ina defee hade mum huutoreede.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://faculty.etsu.edu/odonnell/2011summer/engl3130/student_work/sauces_french_continental_cuisine.htm|title=Sauces, French and Continental Cuisine, Introduction|last=Kaine|first=T. P.}}</ref> Soseeji ɗi manié beurre ɓeydaama ina foti defeede haa juuta mbele ina ɓuuɓna farin mo defaaka.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Escoffier|first=Auguste|title=The Escoffier Cook Book|url=https://archive.org/details/escoffiercookboo0000aesc_m1k0|publisher=[[Crown Publishers]], Inc|year=1969|isbn=0517506629|location=New York|publication-date=1975|pages=[https://archive.org/details/escoffiercookboo0000aesc_m1k0/page/56 56]}}</ref> Beurre manié kadi ina huutoree no feewi ngam timminde soseeji, rokkude mbaydi ɓuuɓndi, jalboowol ko adii sarwiis.[citation ina haani] == '''Ƴeew kadi''' == {{Portal|Food}}{{div col|colwidth=30em}} *[[Roux]] *[[Starch]] *[[Thickening agent]] *[[Corn starch]] *[[Arrowroot]] *[[Waxy maize]] *[[Bread crumbs]] *[[Starch gelatinization]] {{div col end}} == '''Tuugnorgal''' == <references /> k4j8ztbqovxnet7sw8dsnjsf21azq6h 0 30659 181045 125537 2026-08-05T01:21:58Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181045 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Buchstabennudeln.jpg|thumb|Buchstabennudeln]] [[File:Alphabet soup.jpg|thumb|Alphabet soup]] [[File:Alphabet Soup.jpg|thumb|Alphabet Soup]] '''Pasta alkule''', ina wiyee kadi alfabeto e alphabetti spaghetti to Angalteer,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theocelot.co.uk/a-history-of-alphabetti-spaghetti/|title=A history of Alphabetti Spaghetti}}</ref> ko paasta taƴaaɗo walla ɓuuɓnaaɗo e mbaadiiji alkule alkule (ko heewi ko alkule latin). Ina heewi waɗeede e suukara alkule, ko ɗum kadi yeeyetee e nder kanndaa ɓuuɓɗo walla e suukara paaspoor. Feere woɗnde, alfagetti, ko paastaaji baɗɗi alkule e nder ɓuuɓri marinara walla ɓuuɓri spaghetti. Kosam tokosam e won e ɓuuɓri ina heewi waɗeede e ɓuuɓri ndii. Noodle ɗee ina keewi wonde haa santimeeteer gooto, ina mbaɗa alkule A-Z e, ko ɓuri famɗude, limooje 0-9 walla maande @. == '''Tariya''' == Laaɓaani hol sincuɗo suukara alkule, hol nde walla hol ko waɗi ɗum. Gila e hitaande 1877, yeeyooɓe Pari ina njeeya "...suukara tokooso, ngam huutoraade e nder suukara, ɗi limtaa e... alkule alkule."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=70BaAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA106|title=Leslie's|last1=Sleicher|first1=John Albert|year=1877}}</ref> e restoraaji Pari ina njula "...suukara belɗo baɗaaɗo e makaroni walla vermicelli taƴaaɗo e mbaadi alkule alkule In the Chicago Co1, The Chicago Her1]83 rokkii restoraa suukara noddiroowo paasta tokooso ko wayi no "pasteeji alkule ɗi huunde wootere e makaroni taƴaaɗo e alkule"."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ezAzAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA375|title="Warrington" Pen-portraits: A Collection of Personal and Political Reminiscences from 1848 to 1876 : From the Writings of William S. Robinson, with Memoir, and Extracts from Diary and Letters Never Before Published|last1=Robinson|first1=William Stevens|year=1877}}</ref> E lewru Yarkoma hitaande 1900 nde woni ko e menyu to Au Lion d'Or to wuro New York.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Clarkson|first=Janet|title=Soup : a global history|url=https://archive.org/details/soupglobalhistor0000clar|date=2010|publisher=Reaktion|isbn=978-1-86189-774-9|location=London|pages=[https://archive.org/details/soupglobalhistor0000clar/page/119 119]–120|oclc=642290114}}</ref> E hitaande 1908, Wilbur Wright rokkaama suukara alkule to Le Mans, to leydi Farayse. Kadi laaɓaani so tawii ko suukara walla helmere ɗemngal ngam ɓurde heewde akronim walla abbreviations adii ; daartoowo nguura biyeteeɗo Janet Clarkson hollitii wonde "ko adii fof ko njiy-mi haa jooni ko fayti e suukara alkule metafoor kadi ina waɗi e hitaande 1883, e nder yeewtere nde John Ames Mitchell, sosɗo jaaynde Life, winndi, ina jokki e jannginde ɓiyiiko suukara alkule (ABCs) njulaagu."<ref>{{cite book|last1=McCullough|first1=David|title=The Wright Brothers|page=[https://archive.org/details/wrightbrothers0000unse/page/164 164]|publisher=Simon Schuster|year=2015|isbn=978-1476728759|url=https://archive.org/details/wrightbrothers0000unse/page/164}}</ref> Gooto e markeeji Amerik ɓurɗi waawde huutoreede e suukara alkule condensed-style ko marke Campbell, sosaa e hitaande 1869. Oo suukara, hono no haɓdiiɓe mum nii, ina yeeyee feewde e jibnaaɓe ngam nafoore mum jaŋde.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Wolf|first1=Jackie|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Laf_AAAACAAJ|title=Campbell's Alphabet Soup Book|edition=illustrated|publisher=Picture Me Press|year=2002|isbn=978-1571516398|access-date=2015-03-25}}</ref> Ko nanndi e ɗuum, ko Alphabetti Spaghetti, ko sosiyetee H. J. Heinz yeeynoo ɗum fotde duuɓi 60 hade mum woppude golle mum e hitaande 1990. Hono no suukara alkule Campbell nii, ina waɗi paasta alkule gonɗe e ɓuuɓri tomat. Caggal ɗuum Heinz artiri ɗum e hitaande 2005<ref>{{citation|title=Dish that's write on|newspaper=[[Daily Record (Scotland)|Daily Record]]|date=7 April 2005}}</ref> == '''Ƴeew kadi''' == * [[Alpha-Bits]] * [[List of pasta]] * [[List of pasta dishes]] * [[SpaghettiOs]] * {{portal-inline|Food}} == '''Tuugnorgal''' == <references /> == '''Jokkondire yaajɗe''' == Pastaaji-mbaydiiji - ko njiylawu holliraaɗo e food-info.net Alkule Soup ina waɗi duuɓi 150 - Ko nii min puɗɗiri winndude e ñaamdu amen to Trivia Happy qjbsl94uy3tr9jtfnropmz1b44gohql 0 30691 181191 125760 2026-08-05T03:49:25Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181191 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Sereeji Keihan 3000''' (京阪3000系, Keihan 3000-kei) ko sifaa jolngo laana njoorndi (EMU) kuutorteeɗo e laana njoorndi keeriiɗo biyeteeɗo Keihan Electric Railway to Japon gila 1971 haa 2013. Gila e hitaande 2030 8000-30 ko limre (800030). == Tariya == Pewnugol ngol fuɗɗii ko e hitaande 1971, ngol fuɗɗii haa hitaande 1973. E nder heen, otooji ɗii ina njogii teleeji colour. E naatgol serie Keihan 8000 gila 1989, otooji serie 3000 lomtinaama seeɗa seeɗa.Oto bi-level ɓeydaama e serie 3000 set e hitaande 1995. Caggal naatgol serie Keihan 3000 keso oo e hitaande 2008 resigned asold30 8000-30 series.Series 3000 ko Keihan yaltini ɗum e golle mum e lewru marse 2013. *Oto ti 8781 "Oto TV". *Oto ti 8781 "Oto TV". *Nder oto ina waɗi teleeji gonɗi e dow ceŋol *Nder oto ina waɗi teleeji gonɗi e dow ceŋol *Toyama Chiho Oto laana njoorndi e teleeji gonɗi e dow suudu *Toyama Chiho Oto laana njoorndi e teleeji gonɗi e dow == suudu == Operateeruuji goɗɗi Toyama Chihō laawol laana njoorndi Hakkunde 1990 e 1993, laana njoorndi Toyama Chihō heɓi otooji 16 ɓooyɗi Keihan 3000, o renndini ɗi e otooji 10030 (10030形). Oto mo tolnooji ɗiɗi ummiima Keihan fayti e laawol laana njoorndi Toyama Chihō e hitaande 2013. Toyama Chiho ko laawol laana njoorndi 10030 Toyama Chiho ko laawol laana njoorndi. == Laabi njamndi Ōigawa == Haa e hitaande 2014, laawol laana njoorndi Ōigawa ina joginoo kadi laana njoorndi ɓooyka Keihan 3000. Ōigawa laawol laana njoorndi 3000 Ōigawa laawol laana njoorndi 3000 == Yeruuji resndaaɗi == Oto gooto ina reeni to Kuzuha Mall. 3505 e lewru marse 2014 3505 e lewru marse 2014 == Tuugnorgal== <ref name="tetsudo16062008">{{cite news|url=https://www.tetsudo.com/news/111/|title=京阪3000系 現番号での運転期間が残りわずかに|language=Japanese|date=June 16, 2008|newspaper=鉄道コム|publisher=ASAHI INTERACTIVE, Inc.|access-date=June 16, 2020|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20200616172607/https://www.tetsudo.com/news/111/|archivedate=16 June 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="neko30092008">{{cite web|url=http://rail.hobidas.com/bogie/sp/archives/2008/09/ks132a_80003000.html|title=KS-132A ／ 京阪電気鉄道8000系（旧3000系）|trans-title=KS-132A / Keihan Electric Railway 8000 series (old 3000 series)|date=September 30, 2008|website=rail.hobidas.com|publisher=Neko Publishing|language=Japanese|access-date=June 15, 2020|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20200615212041/http://rail.hobidas.com/bogie/sp/archives/2008/09/ks132a_80003000.html|archivedate=15 June 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> A [[Bilevel rail car|bi-level car]] was added to a 3000 series set in 1995.<ref name="JWR0506">{{cite book|editor-last=Harris|editor-first=Ken|title=Jane's World Railways 2005-2006|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780710627100|edition=47th|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780710627100/page/292 292], 293|language=English|date=2005|publisher=Jane's Information Group|isbn=0-7106-2710-6}}</ref>.<ref name="mynavi19022014">{{cite web|author=佐々木康弘|url=https://news.mynavi.jp/article/20140219-a340/|title=大井川鐵道で活躍した元京阪3000系電車が引退 - ラストラン後の車内には…|language=Japanese|date=February 19, 2014|website=news.mynavi.jp|publisher=Mynavi Corporation|access-date=June 16, 2020|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20200616090529/https://news.mynavi.jp/article/20140219-a340/|archivedate=16 June 2020|url-status=live}}</ref>.<ref name="mynavi30042014">{{cite web|author=佐々木康弘|url=https://news.mynavi.jp/article/20140430-a031/|title=京阪樟葉駅前「KUZUHA-MALL」旧3000系の運転シミュレーター一般受付を開始|trans-title=|language=Japanese|date=April 30, 2014|website=news.mynavi.jp|publisher=Mynavi Corporation|access-date=June 15, 2020|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20200615164101/https://news.mynavi.jp/article/20140430-a031/|archivedate=15 June 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> == 9kab0d0oqovh0rab7ftwohapmn2kver 0 30693 181129 125727 2026-08-05T02:45:44Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181129 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Sereeji KiHa 187''' (japon: キハ187系, e ɗemngal romaan: Kiha-187-kei) ko sifaa laana njoorndi diƴƴe keewɗe (DMU) gollortoo ko Sosiyetee laana njoorndi Japon hirnaange (JR-West) e dow laana njoorndi Super Oki, Super Matsukaze e Super Inaba. == Golle == KiHa 187-0/10 ko limre == Oki mawɗo == == Matsukaze mawɗo == KiHa 187-500 ko limre == Inaba mawɗo == == Sosde == Seto kala ina waɗi otooji ɗiɗi. Moto No. 1 2 == Toɗɗagol Mc2 Mc1 == Limngal KiHa 187-1000/1010 KiHa 187-0/10 == Joɗnde ina waawi 60 58 == == Toɗɗagol Mc3 Mc1'. == Limngal Kiha 187-1500 Kiha 187-500 == Joɗnde ina waawi wonde 56 56 == ==== Nder ==== === Nder === === Tuugnorgal<ref name="neko29012010">{{cite web|url=https://rail.hobidas.com/bogie/archives/2010/01/wdt61_jr187.html|title=WDT61 ／ JR西日本キハ187系|trans-title=WDT61 / JR West Kiha 187 series|date=January 29, 2010|website=rail.hobidas.com|publisher=Neko Publishing|language=Japanese|access-date=June 3, 2020|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20200603093515/https://rail.hobidas.com/bogie/archives/2010/01/wdt61_jr187.html|archivedate=June 3, 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="JWR0506">{{cite book|editor-last=Harris|editor-first=Ken|title=Jane's World Railways 2005-2006|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780710627100|edition=47th|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780710627100/page/283 283]|language=English|date=2005|publisher=Jane's Information Group|isbn=0-7106-2710-6}}</ref> === pbv183k5ahy4vtf6eb1dm5p2rhiw97w 0 30698 180926 125756 2026-08-04T23:00:58Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180926 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Muhammad encountering the angel of fire and ice.jpg|thumb|Muhammadu hawri e Maleyka oo ina waɗi yiite e ɓuuɓri e nder njillu mum Night. Miniature ummoraade e koppi Nahj al-Faradis al-Faradis al-Sarai ummoraade e "Dogaare Daawuuda".]] '''Ḥabīb''' ko maleyka, sifotoo ko tagaaɗo e yiite e geec,<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|first=Christiane|last=Gruber|title=The Ilkhanid Book of Ascension: A Persian-Sunni Devotional Tale|publisher=I.B.Tauris|year=2010|isbn=978-0-857-71809-9|page=11}}</ref> siftinaama e nder daartol Muhammadu ngol Jahgol jamma, koddiraangol e teeminannde 9ɓiire e 10ɓiire caggal Iisaa.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Colby|first=Frederick S.|year=2008|title=Narrating Muhammad's Night Journey: Tracing the Development of the Ibn 'Abbas Ascension Discourse|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780791475188|publisher=[[State University of New York Press]]|isbn=978-0-7914-7518-8|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780791475188/page/n47 32]}}</ref> : 251 Hay so tawii maleyka oo ina hollira ko ɓuri teeŋtude e ''Night'' angeld's gila e yiite e ice ko Muqātil ibn Sulaymān seedtii ɗum tawo ina waawi jeyaade e teeminannde adannde e daartol [[Lislaamu|lislaam]]. : 252 E nder nate keewɗe gadane, maleyka ina hollira wonde [[Allah|Alla]] ina woni e kala nokku e jokkondiral hakkunde yimɓe. E fawaade e maandeeji [[Lislaamu|lislaam]], no [[Allah|Alla]] tagiri maleyka oo e yiite e nees nii tawa o 6uuccaani 6uu6ol ngol, o timminaani yiite oo, Alla ina waawi tagde ko waawataa, hawra e 6ur6e wocfcfude. E jamaanu Nishāpūr al-Qushayrī (maayɗo 465/1072), ina woodi fedde maleykaaji timmuɗi, tawi ko feccere yiite e feccere nees, ina ɗaɓɓa [[Allah|Alla]] ngam moƴƴitinde gooŋɗinɓe. : 257 E nder binndol Miraj-perse, gardiiɗo ɗeen maleykaaji ina wiyee Qābīl. : 258 Deftere yahuud en wiyeteende ''Apocalypse of Moses'' ina hollira konu maleykaaji ina wiyee ʾĪšīm, ina gasa tawa ko nate [[Lislaamu|lislaam]] caggal mum njiyti ɗum. : 266 haa 263 == Tuugnorgal == 3iib07gl97cr9zco1av2pet6chundqs 0 30785 180967 126122 2026-08-04T23:44:39Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180967 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Japon, laana njoorndi sekteer tataɓo''' (第三セクター鉄道, dai-san sekutā tetsudō), sahaa e sahaa fof ina firtee ko laana njoorndi sekteer semi-laamu, ko laana njoorndi gollorteeka e sosiyetee denndinɗo mo sekteeruuji laamu e sekteeruuji keertiiɗi fof mbaɗi heen jawdi mum en– partnership maintainpri. Ɗeeɗoo laabi ɓuri heewde huutoreede ko e sosiyeteeji tokoosi jeyaaɗi e laamu prefektiir walla municipaal kam e nafooje keertiiɗe tokoose, kam en fof ina mbaɗa heen ngalu mum en e njuɓɓudi laana kaa. Laabi sekteer tataɓo ɗii, ko ɓuri heewde, ko laabi ɓooyɗi e nder fedde JR – walla, ko adii 1987, Laabi leydi Japon (JNR) – ɗi sosiyeteeji ɗii ƴetti. Yeruuji laabi ɗi ndarnanoo ngam momtude walla waɗtude sosiyeteeji sektoraa tataɓo e nder teeminannde 20ɓiire fof ina njeyaa heen laabi Defisit 83 e laabi nokkuuji toɗɗaaɗi. Inde To Japon, gollorɗe laamu (sektoraaji laamu) gollotooɗi, ko wayi no laana njoorndi leydi Japon ɓooyma, ina njiytee e "sektoraa gadano", gollorɗe sekteeruuji keertiiɗi ina mbaɗa "sektoraa ɗiɗaɓo". Nii woni, gollorɗe ɗe ngonaa e ɗeeɗoo cate ɗiɗi gadane, woni gollondiral hakkunde laamu e yimɓe, ina wiyee ina ngondi e "sektor tataɓo". Sosde Laabi sekteer tataɓo ina keewi fuɗɗoraade golle e laabi kuutorteeɗi (nokkuuji) paralel so tawii sarwiis Shinkansen ina yaaji e nokku keso. E lewru marse 2024, laana ndiwoowa Hokuriku yaajii haa fuɗnaange, joofnirde mayre wayliima gila Kanazawa to diiwaan Ishikawa, fayti e Tsuruga to diiwaan Fukui. Hono no taƴe goɗɗe e laana mawka Hokuriku nii, JR West woppi jeyi gollal laana nokku oo e ngalɗoo laawol gootol, rokki ɗum sosiyetee keso sosaaɗo, ganndiraaɗo Hapi-Line Fukui. Ko noon kadi waɗiino duuɓi ko adii ɗuum e taƴe laana njoorndi jeyaaka hannde e laana njoorndi IR Ishikawa, laana njoorndi Ainokaze Toyamae laawol laana njoorndi Echigo TOKImeki. Ngolɗoo laawol ina waawi yiyeede e diiwaan Tōhoku, tawi geɗel gootel e laawol mawngol Tōhoku ngol JR East ina jolnee e laawol laana njoorndi Aoimori e laawol laana njoorndi Iwate Galaxy caggal nde laana njoorndi Tōhoku Shinkansen ɓeydaa e nder fuɗɗoode kitaale 2000 fof. Dalillaaji goɗɗi ngam sosde ɗum ko ƴettugol laabi njamndi keertiiɗi ɗi ngalaa nafoore, ɗi ɗaɓɓi ɓeydagol ngalu e laamuuji nokkuuji ɗii, e laabi kesi [ja] ko wayi no yah-ngartaa otomaatik, monorails, walla laabi maglev mahaaɗi e nokkuuji ƴellitaare yaawnde e ɓeydagol keeweendi gure. == Nafooje e caɗeele == No laamuuji nokkuuji jokkondirɗi e renndooji ɗii e sosiyeteeji keertiiɗi jogiiɗi humpito e dogginde njuɓɓudi laana njoorndi, ina kawri e ɗeen laabi, ina woodi tolno toowngo e njuɓɓudi e yuɓɓinde golle, tawa ina waawi waɗeede fawaade e ngonkaaji e haajuuji renndooji nokkuuji ɗii keewɗi waylude. Ɗeeɗoo laabi noon, ɓuri heewde ko ɗe ngalaa nafoore, ina ɗaɓɓi kaalis e laawol njoɓdi, ina mbaawi kadi jogaade batte ngam haɓaade momtugol sabu ŋakkeende ridership. == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol laabi njamndi Japon ɗi sekteer tataɓo == Tuugnorgal<ref>{{Cite web|title=第三セクター鉄道等協議会|url=https://3sec-tetsudou.jp/|access-date=2024-11-24|website=第三セクター鉄道等協議会|language=ja}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Smith|first=Roderick|date=2004-01-06|title=The future of the railways: Third sector railways: The Japanese model|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200304/cmselect/cmtran/145/145wec26.htm|access-date=2024-08-22|website=UK Parliament}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|last=Aoki|first=Mami|date=March 2009|title=Trends and Problems in Regional Railway Policy in Japan|url=https://www.ejrcf.or.jp/jrtr/jrtr52/pdf/6-9_web.pdf|access-date=2024-08-22|website=East Japan Railway Culture Foundation|publisher=Japan Railway & Transport Review|pages=6–9|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|last=Black|first=John Andrew|title=A Short History of Transport in Japan from Ancient Times to the Present|url=https://archive.org/details/b4e0cf33-734f-454e-aae6-fbb70d3294ac|year=2022|publication-date=2022-03-18|at=ch. 6|language=en|doi=10.11647/OBP.0281|doi-access=free|isbn=978-1-80064-356-7}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2018|title=Crisis of the Regional Transport|url=https://contest.japias.jp/tqj21/210345G/en/3-3-3.html|access-date=2024-08-22|website=Japan Association for Promotion of Internet Application in School Education}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Altieri|first1=Marcelo|last2=Raskova|first2=Erza|last3=Costa|first3=Álvaro|date=2022-06-01|title=Differences in railway strategies: The empirical case of private, public-owned, and third-sector railways in Tokyo|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2210539522000086|journal=Research in Transportation Business & Management|volume=43|pages=100787|doi=10.1016/j.rtbm.2022.100787|issn=2210-5395|url-access=subscription}}</ref> == kxjwx2ge1ayoxxe0wc32smiqjhvfbt9 0 30789 181163 126143 2026-08-05T03:19:15Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181163 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}Sereeji Tokyu 8000 (東急8000系, Tōkyū 8000-kei) ko mbaydi laana njoorndi kuutortoondi kuuraa (EMU) ndi laana njoorndi keeriindi Tokyu Corporation to Japon huutortoo gila 1969 haa 2008 to Japon e nder lowre KRL Commuterline nde KAI Commuter gollotoo to Indoneesi haa hitaande 2024 Sifaaaji karallaagal Lonngere ndee ina jogii ɓalli otooji ɗi njamndi mboɗeeri, njuuteendi mum en ko 20 m (65 ft 7 in). Tokyu huutoriima serie 8000 ko setuuji otooji joy e jeetati, tawi otooji tati e jeegom ina njogii mootorɗe e setuuji otooji kala. == Tariya == Series 8000 naati golle ko e hitaande 1969. 187 oto peewnaama. Seteeji otooji joy ina ngolloo e laana Oimachi, setuuji otooji jeetati ina ngolloo e laana Toyoko. Tokyu ittii series 8000 e golle mum e hitaande 2008. 8000 limngal dow laabi Oimachi nder hitaande 1985 8000 limngal dow laabi Oimachi nder hitaande 1985 8000 limngal nder "Kabuki" nder hitaande 2007 8000 limngal nder "Kabuki" nder hitaande 2007 == Operateeruuji goɗɗi == 45 otooji 8000 serie ƴettaaɗi ɗii, njaltinaama to Izukyū Corporation, e setuuji 3 otooji 8 neldaama to Indoneesi. Laana Izukyū sosaa ko e setuuji otooji tati. Izukyū 8000 ko limre Izukyū 8000 ko limre Tokyu 8000 ko e nder leydi Indoneesi Tokyu 8000 ko e nder leydi Indoneesi == Ƴeew kadi == Sereeji Tokyu 8500, sifaa EMU tuugiiɗo e seereeji 8000 == Tuugnorgal<ref name="neko30062007">{{cite web|url=https://rail.hobidas.com/bogie/sp/archives/2007/06/ts807ts815f_800.html|title=TS-807 TS-815F ／ 東京急行電鉄8000系|trans-title=TS-807 TS-815F / Tokyu Corporation 8000 series|date=June 30, 2007|website=rail.hobidas.com|publisher=Neko Publishing|language=Japanese|access-date=June 12, 2020|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20200612184130/https://rail.hobidas.com/bogie/sp/archives/2007/06/ts807ts815f_800.html|archivedate=June 12, 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite tweet|last=Rochmat|first=Syahrir|user=syahrirochmat|date=April 21, 2024|title=8003-8004 にさよならを言って|trans-title=Say goodbye to 8003-8004|location=Depok, Indonesia|language=Japanese|number=1782028359100510677|link=https://x.com/syahrirochmat/status/1782028359100510677}}</ref> <ref name="it07062019-1">{{cite web|author=杉山淳一|url=https://www.itmedia.co.jp/business/articles/1906/07/news029.html|title=「東急8000系」誕生から50年 通勤電車の"いま"を築いた、道具に徹する潔さ (1/5)|language=Japanese|date=June 7, 2019|work=ITmedia ビジネス|access-date=June 12, 2020|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20200612174736/https://www.itmedia.co.jp/business/articles/1906/07/news029.html|archivedate=June 12, 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="JWR0506">{{cite book|editor-last=Harris|editor-first=Ken|title=Jane's World Railways 2005-2006|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780710627100|edition=47th|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780710627100/page/298 298]|language=English|date=2005|publisher=Jane's Information Group|isbn=0-7106-2710-6}}</ref> <ref name="hoikusha">{{cite book|author1=宮田道一|author2=焼田健|title=日本の私鉄東急|trans-title=Japanese private railway Tokyu|pages=28–32|language=Japanese|date=1997|publisher=Hoikusha|isbn=9784586509003}}</ref> <ref name="tn18102019">{{cite web|url=https://trafficnews.jp/post/90549|title=伊豆急8000系が「無ラッピング化」かつての東急線時代の姿に 貸切ツアー開催|language=Japanese|date=October 18, 2019|website=trafficnews.jp|publisher=Mediavague Co., ltd.|access-date=June 12, 2020|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20200612201241/https://trafficnews.jp/post/90549|archivedate=June 12, 2020|url-status=live}}</ref>.<ref name="it07062019-5">{{cite web|author=杉山淳一|url=https://www.itmedia.co.jp/business/articles/1906/07/news029_5.html|title=「東急8000系」誕生から50年 通勤電車の"いま"を築いた、道具に徹する潔さ (5/5)|language=Japanese|date=June 7, 2019|work=ITmedia ビジネス|access-date=June 12, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190715202423/https://www.itmedia.co.jp/business/articles/1906/07/news029_5.html|archivedate=July 15, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> == jh35apdbvi0zboo53qdwtdqgh6k06lt 0 30832 180876 126410 2026-08-04T22:07:48Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180876 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Haala Front Popular''' (Jinmin sensen jiken) ina hollita wonde laamu Japon laamɗo leydi ndii ina jokki e ustude kulhuli ɗi nganndu-ɗaa ina njogii e sosiyaalist en e kominist en caggal nde Nanjing yani e jamaanu Shōwa. E nder hare ndee, ko ina tolnoo e 400 neɗɗo nanngaama e juuɗe laamu nguu hakkunde lewru desaambar 1937 e lewru feebariyee 1938. Ina jeyaa e nanngaaɓe ɓee, hono Kanson Arahata, Saburō Eda, Ryōkichi Minobe, Itsurō Sakisaka, Kozō Sasaki, Mosaburō Suzuki, Minoru Yamakaowakan e ==== Ƴeew kadi ==== ==== Luural Japon e jamaanu Shōwa Ko waɗi to Yokohama ==== == Tuugnorgal<ref name="moore">{{cite book|title=Writing War: Soldiers Record the Japanese Empire|publisher=Harvard University Press|author=Moore, Aaron William|year=2013|page=335|isbn=9780674059061}}</ref> <ref name="marshall1992">{{cite book|title=Academic Freedom and the Japanese Imperial University 1868–1939|url=https://archive.org/details/academicfreedomj00mars|url-access=limited|publisher=University of California Press|author=Marshall, Byron K.|year=1992|page=[https://archive.org/details/academicfreedomj00mars/page/n217 205]|isbn=9780520912533}}</ref> <ref name="yamamoto2004">{{cite book|title=Grassroots Pacifism in Post-War Japan: The Rebirth of a Nation|url=https://archive.org/details/grassrootspacifi00yama|url-access=limited|publisher=Routledge Curzon|author=Yamamoto, Mari|year=2004|page=[https://archive.org/details/grassrootspacifi00yama/page/n76 60]|isbn=9780415335812}}</ref> <ref name="hoover2011">{{cite book|title=Historical Dictionary of Postwar Japan|url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000hoov|publisher=Scarecrow Press|author=Hoover, William D.|year=2011|pages=[https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000hoov/page/181 181]|isbn=9780810854604}}</ref> == lrchd0l2qjspxh4vznv2je3bmp5xvlc 0 30859 180961 126556 2026-08-04T23:39:12Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180961 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Biro lislaam ko faati e koode''' ko gollorde laamu Siin laamɗo sosaande e hitaande 1271 e laamu laamɗo Yuan biyeteeɗo [[Kublai Khan]]. Biro oo sosaa ko to Pekin, ko ganndo koode Perse biyeteeɗo [[Jamal ad-Din Bukhari]], ummoriiɗo Bukhara, ina woodnoo e sara Biro ganndal koode Siin gaadanteejo.<ref>{{cite book|last=Petersen|first=Kristian|author-link=|date=2018|title=Interpreting Islam in China: Pilgrimage, Scripture, and Language in the Han Kitab|url=|location=|publisher=Oxford University Press|pages=39–41|isbn=978-0190634346}}</ref> Laabi ɗii fof ngoni ko e les njiimaandi Biro toppitiiɗo binnditagol e defte sirlu. Fedde ndee ina joginoo nokku ƴeewndo e gollotooɓe fotde 40 annduɓe e njuɓɓudi laamu, heewɓe e maɓɓe ko Perse en e Aarabeeɓe, e nde gollotoo ko e daawal gadanal laamu Qing, nde dartii woodde e hitaande 1656. Hay so tawii nde woodi ko ina wona teeminanɗe nay, ko seeɗa tan heddii e binndanɗe birooji ɗii. Haa teeŋti noon, hay so tawii nafoore mum ina woodi e laamu nguu e nafoore mum e nder daartol mbayliigu pinal [[Lislaamu|Lislaam]] e Siin e nder Siin laamɗo, golle Biro [[Lislaamu|Lislaam]] ngam anndude koode, ngalaa batte tiiɗɗe e laabi e peeje ganndal koode Siin.<ref>{{cite book|title=Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780387310220_1|chapter=Zhamaluding|page=1262|year=2007|isbn=9780387304007|publisher=Springer|editor=Katherine Bracher|editor2=Richard A. Jarrell|editor3=Jordan D. Marche II|editor4=F. Jamil Ragep}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == 7cxy6zihvrjhuowfl67rilaqx0cdkhe 0 30879 180910 126634 2026-08-04T22:40:31Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180910 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Lannda laamu moƴƴu''' (民政党, Minseitō) ko lannda politik Japonnaajo gonnooɗo e dumunna juutɗo e fuɗɗoode hitaande 1998. Ko lannda hakkundeejo, mbayliigu, hawri e lanndaaji goɗɗi e lewru abriil 1998 ngam sosde lannda Demokaraasi Japon. Wonno ko adii wolde lannda Minseitō, Rikken Minseitō, gonnooɗo gila 1927 haa 1940. == Tariya == Lannda Good Governance ina waɗi pelle keewɗe tokoose peewtuɗe e peewnugol, ummoriiɗe e njiimaandi kawtal mawngal biyeteengal New Frontier Party e hitaande 1996. Ɗeen pelle ko : Lannda naange (太陽党, Taiyōtō), tawi ko Tsutomu Hata ardii ɗum, 1990. Daande Leñol (国民の声, Kokumin no Koe) e gardagol Michihiko Kano Fedde jeytaare anndiraande Gila e Joy (Furomu Faibu), nde Morihiro Hosokawa ardii. Caggal nde ɓe kawri ñalnde 23 lewru bowte hitaande 1998, lannda laamu moƴƴu hawri e lannda Demokaraasi Japon (1996-1998) (民主党, Minshutō), Lannda Banndiraaɓe Keso (新党友愛), Lannda Shintō theY- (Minshu-Kaikaku-Rengō) ngam sosde lannda Demokaraasi keso Japon. Hata, Kano e Hosokawa fof mbaɗii geɗe teeŋtuɗe e ƴellitaare DPJ, hono lannda luulndo ɓurka mawnude e nder leydi Japon. Hooreeɓe GGP No. Innde Natal Mudda golle Took biro Nano biro Lanndaaji gadiiɗi ɗii : Lannda Naange, Daande Leñol, & Gila Joy 1 Tsutomu Hata 23 lewru Yarkomaa 1998 27 Abriil 1998 Lannda lomtiiɗo: Lannda Demokaraasi (1998) == Tuugnorgal.<ref>{{cite book|title=Historical Dictionary of Postwar Japan|url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000hoov|publisher=Scarecrow Press|last=Hoover|first=William D.|date=2011|pages=[https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000hoov/page/88 88]|isbn=9780810875395}}</ref> == gfc8ajk2difjjevjgunoapcjoromgvu 0 30923 180851 126783 2026-08-04T21:41:28Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180851 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Godstowe Prep School - geograph.org.uk - 1483943.jpg|thumb|Godstowe Prep School - geograph.org.uk - 1483943]] '''Duɗal Godstowe''' ko duɗal ñalnde kala e duɗal sukaaɓe rewɓe yahrooɓe e duuɓi 3 haa 13, e sukaaɓe worɓe yahrooɓe e duuɓi 3 haa 7 to High Wycombe to leydi Angalteer. Duɗal ngal sosaa ko e hitaande 1900 ko Frances Dove, ko ngal duɗal gadanal ngam heblude sukaaɓe rewɓe fof e nder leydi Angalteer<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.godstowe.org/about-us/godstowe-s-history|title=Godstowe's History &#124; Godstowe Preparatory School|website=www.godstowe.org}}</ref> ‘Taariindi ndi wonaa laamuyankoori’ duɗal ngal yalti ko e hitaande 2001, yaltinaa kadi e hitaande 2017.<ref name="Godstowe2001">{{cite book|title=Godstowe: The First Hundred Years|publisher=Gresham Books|date=2001|isbn=978-0-946-09542-1}}</ref><ref name="GodstoweBook">{{cite web|title=Godstowe book now on sale|url=https://www.godstowe.org/news/2017-05-18/godstowe-book-now-on-sale|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240229115200/https://www.godstowe.org/news/2017-05-18/godstowe-book-now-on-sale|publisher=Godstowe School|accessdate=29 February 2024|archivedate=29 February 2024|url-status=live}}</ref> == '''Almuɓɓe teskinaaɓe''' == Laamɗo Gabriyella Kingston<ref name="eveningstandard">{{cite web|last1=Rivkin|first1=Annabel|title=MY FAIR LADY|url=https://www.questia.com/newspaper/1G1-164013510/my-fair-lady-lady-gabriella-windsor-is-the-royals|website=|publisher=Evening Standard (UK)|access-date=4 December 2020|location=London|date=25 May 2007|archive-date=4 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204003628/https://www.questia.com/newspaper/1G1-164013510/my-fair-lady-lady-gabriella-windsor-is-the-royals|url-status=dead}}</ref> Oliviya Daal <ref name="Sturrock2011">{{cite book|last=Sturrock|first=Donald|title=Storyteller|url=https://archive.org/details/storytellerautho0000stur_a7y5|publisher=Simon and Schuster|publication-place=New York|date=13 September 2011|isbn=978-1-4391-8976-4|page=[https://archive.org/details/storytellerautho0000stur_a7y5/page/384 384]}}</ref> Elisabet Daawuuda<ref name="Cooper2011">{{cite book|last=Cooper|first=Artemis|title=Writing at the Kitchen Table|publisher=Faber & Faber|date=16 June 2011|isbn=978-0-571-27977-7|page=24}}</ref> Gifford Zerbanoo.<ref name="Master2015">{{cite book|last=Master|first=Farida|title=An Uncensored Life|publisher=Harper Collins|date=10 December 2015|isbn=978-93-5177-637-6|page=7}}</ref> Saara Harding<ref name="Harding2021">{{cite book|last=Harding|first=Sarah|title=Hear Me Out|publisher=Random House|date=18 March 2021|isbn=978-1-4735-9335-0|page=18}}</ref> Gabriyella Teyesen<ref>{{cite news|last1=Taggart|first1=Frankie|title=Rousing finale to festival|url=https://www.bucksfreepress.co.uk/news/51893.rousing-finale-to-festival/|access-date=26 September 2022|publisher=Bucks Free Press|date=21 February 2002}}</ref> Kilaarisa Ward<ref name="Ward2020">{{cite book|last=Ward|first=Clarissa|title=On All Fronts|url=https://archive.org/details/onallfrontseduca0000ward|publisher=Penguin|publication-place=New York|date=8 September 2020|isbn=978-0-525-56148-4|page=[https://archive.org/details/onallfrontseduca0000ward/page/22 22]}}</ref> == '''Tuugnorgal''' == <references /> == '''Jokkondire yaajɗe''' == Lowre laawɗunde 5ky2bl35xnch1onp12iaiyyjyh4cp58 0 30933 180933 126817 2026-08-04T23:08:30Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180933 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Fedde Hockey Japon''' (e ɗemngal [[Japan|Japon]]: 日本アイスホッケー連盟) woni fedde toppitiinde hockey [[Japan|Japon]]. [[Japan|Japon]] woni leydi Asii gadani naatde e Fedde Adunaare Hockey (IIHF). Kippuuji ngenndiiji Worɓe Worɓe U20 Worɓe U18 Rewbe Rewɓe U18 Hooreejo tedduɗo Tsutomu Kawabuchi : tergal e suudu mawndu IIHF. Isao Kataoka:keɓɗo njeenaari Paul Loicq. Shoichi Tomita : cukko hooreejo fedde wiyeteende IIHF. Yoshiaki Tsutsumi : tergal e suudu mawndu IIHF. 2018 [[Japan|Japon]] keɓtinaa Feccere Kewu Leñol Jaɓɓoowo Ñalngu Njeñtudi Worɓe Div. IB Lituwaani 22-28 Abriil 2018 Worɓe U20 Div. IIA Angalteer mawɗo 10–16 Duujal 2017 Worɓe U18 Div. IB Ukrani 14-20 abriil 2018 Rewɓe U18 Div. IA Itali 8-14 lewru Yarkomaa 2018 Pijirlooji Olimpiyaaji winndereeji Kewu Host leñol Ñalngu Njeñtudi Rewɓe Koree worgo 9–25 feebariyee 2018 6th Tesko : Kaɓirɗe winndereeje IIHF rewɓe 2018 e nder diɗɗal toowngal, mbaɗataa e sahaaji Olimpiyaaji. Kaɓirɗe winndereyankooje rewɓe IIHF 2019 maa mbaɗe to leydi Finlande, wuro e ñalɗi ɗi kollitetee. 2017 [[Japan|Japon]] tawtoreede Feccere Kewu Leñol Jaɓɓoowo Ñalngu Njeñtudi Worɓe Div. IB Arsiif 2017-04-27 to masiŋ Wayback Angalteer 23–29 abriil 2017 Medaal kaalis (24ɓo e kawgel) Worɓe U20 Div. IIA Estoni 11–17 desaambar 2016 Medal kaalis (24ɓo e kawgel) Worɓe U18 Div. IB Sloveni 15–21 abriil 2017 Medal njamndi (19ɓo e kawgel) Rewɓe Div. IA Otiris 15–21 abriil 2017 Medaal kaŋŋe (9ɓo e nder kala) Rewɓe U18 Top Cekoslowaki 7–14 lewru Yarkomaa 2017 Jippinaama e Div. IA 2018 (8ɓo e nder kala) == Tuugnorgal<ref>{{cite news|last=Watanabe|first=Tadashi|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/08/26/national/womens-ice-hockey-team-banking-on-sochi/#.WAYwfdKkoT8|title=Women's ice hockey team banking on Sochi|newspaper=[[The Japan Times]]|access-date=2016-10-18|archive-date=2022-05-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517085502/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/08/26/national/womens-ice-hockey-team-banking-on-sochi/#.WAYwfdKkoT8|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://archive.metropolis.co.jp/tokyo/518/sports.asp|title=::Metropolis Tokyo :: SPORTS - Japan Ice Hockey League|website=Archive.metropolis.co.jp|access-date=2016-10-18}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/hockey/with-a-former-canadian-star-helping-out-japan-dreams-big/article9652592/|title=With a former Canadian star helping out, Japan dreams big|newspaper=[[The Globe and Mail]]|date=2013-03-11|access-date=2016-10-18}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.47news.jp/localnews/hokkaido/2014/01/post_20140120174653.html|title=Mr. Kawabuchi died, 88 years old Tomakomai comes from the international hall of fame with ice hockey|date=2014-01-20|website=47news|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227064422/https://www.47news.jp/localnews/hokkaido/2014/01/post_20140120174653.html|language=ja|access-date=2019-03-05|archive-date=2014-02-27}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://webarchive.iihf.com/sk/home-of-hockey/news/news-singleview/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=10148&cHash=0c0d38894432c1898bad7d5af42e53dd|title=Remembering Kataoka, Paul Loicq Award winner passes away|date=2015-12-10|website=International Ice Hockey Federation|access-date=2019-06-14}}</ref> <ref>{{cite book|last=Oliver|first=Greg|title=Father Bauer and the Great Experiment: The Genesis of Canadian Olympic Hockey|url=https://archive.org/details/fatherbauergreat0000oliv|publisher=[[ECW Press]]|date=2017|location=Toronto, Ontario|isbn=978-1-77041-249-1|page=[https://archive.org/details/fatherbauergreat0000oliv/page/185 185]}}</ref> == pcxmhb53amubpiaj9i34j0ilzmp1pkl 0 30987 180891 127039 2026-08-04T22:21:13Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180891 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lannda Sosiyaalist Nano Japon''' (社会党左派, Shakaitō-saha) ko lannda politik to [[Japan|Japon]] gonnooɗo hakkunde 1951 e 1955. == Tariya == Caggal nde nanondiral jam San Francisco siynaa e hitaande 1951, lannda sosiyaalist [[Japan|Japon]] yani e jiiɓru e luural ndernderiwal hakkunde sosiyaalist en reformiste en moƳƳuɓe e sosiyaalist en ɓurɓe radikal en rewolison en, ko fayti e haala so tawii ina jogori wallitde nanondiral ngal walla alaa. JSP feccii, won e terɗe mum mbaɗti lannda renndo-demokaraasi ɓurɗo senngooji, won heen mbaɗti lannda sosiyaalist ɓurɗo radikal. Pelle ɗiɗi ɗee kala ina mbiya innde Nihon Shakaitō (日本社会党) kono firooji mum en ina ceerti e ɗemngal Engele, ina nganndiraa lannda sosiyaalist nano [[Japan|Japon]] e lannda sosiyaalist ñaamo [[Japan|Japon]], kam en fof. Bannge nano to [[Japan|Japon]] ina wonnoo e jiiɓru hakkunde 1951 e 1955. E fuɗɗoode hitaande 1955, sosiyaalist en nano e ñaamo nanondiri, kawri ngam moƴƴinde JSP, lebbi seeɗa hade lannda Liberal Demokaraat soseede e kawral lanndaaji Liberal e Demokaraat. Sosiyaalist en nano ɓee ɓuri waawde jogaade ko ɓuri heewde e JSP denndinaaɗo oo, ɗum addani wonnooɓe sosiyaalist en bannge ñaamo ɓee seeɗa yaltude lannda kaa e hitaande 1960 ngam sosde lannda sosiyaalist en demokaraasi. Njeñtudi wooteeji ɗii Suudu sarɗiiji Ardiiɗo woote woote % Joɗnde +/– Darnde darnde 1952 Mosaburo Suzuki 3 398 597 9,62 54/466 Luulndo 4ɓo keso 1953 4 516 715 13,05 72 / 446 Ɓeydude 18 3ɓo Luulndo 1955 ko 5 683 312 15,35 89 / 446 Ɓeydu 17 Luulndo Suudu dipiteeji Ardiiɗo woote Doggol lannda diiwaan Joɗnde Darnde Darnde Woote % Joɗnde Woote % Joɗnde Keɓaa Total 1953 Mosaburo Suzuki 3 917 837 13,99 10/75 858 552 ko 14,27 8 / 53 18/128 40/250 Luulndo 2ɓo == Ƴeew kadi == Itsuro Sakisaka Doggol lanndaaji dawrugol e nder leydi [[Japan|Japon]] Politik leydi [[Japan|Japon]] == Tuugnorgal<ref>{{cite book|last1=Seiich|first1=Katsumata|last2=Airo|first2=Kitayama|date=1981|title=日本社会党綱領文献集|url=https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R100000002-I000001772686|publisher=日本社会党中央本部機関紙局|page=28-29|access-date=2025-05-16}}</ref> <ref>{{cite book|title=Japanese Economic Development: Markets, Norms, Structures|url=https://archive.org/details/japaneseeconomic0000mosk|publisher=Routledge|date=2007|first=Carl|last=Mosk|page=[https://archive.org/details/japaneseeconomic0000mosk/page/239 239]|isbn=9781135982898}}</ref> == nifyxextp58ncjrpsvvpi9zna9jt9b7 0 31003 180821 127118 2026-08-04T21:03:47Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180821 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:BitTorrent logo.svg|thumb]] '''IslamicTorrents''' ko lowre ''BitTorrent'' nde ɓuri tiiɗnaade ko e geɗe [[Lislaamu|lislaam]] e geɗe jowitiiɗe e [[Lislaamu|lislaam]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Cord|first=David J.|title=[[Mohamed 2.0: Disruption Manifesto|Mohamed 2.0]]|publisher=[[Schildts & Söderströms]]|year=2012|isbn=978-951-52-2898-7|location=Helsingfors|pages=33}}</ref> ''Tracker'' maɓɓe ina joginoo ɗaɓɓaande e rewrude e wideyooji, fiiluuji ''audio'', ''lectures'' [[Lislaamu|lislaam]], fiiluuji Quraan, lowre [[Lislaamu|lislaam]], defte, e teeŋti noon e binndanɗe jowitiiɗe e [[Lislaamu|lislaam]]. Ko adii ɗuum, lowre ndee ina huutoroo fotde 40 000 kuutortooɗo e nder winndere ndee kala, ina manti ko ina tolnoo e 900 000 torrent ƴettaaɗe.<ref name="imuslim">{{Cite book|title=IMuslims: Rewiring the House of Islam|url=https://archive.org/details/imuslimsrewiring0000bunt|last=R. Bunt|first=Gary|publisher=Univ of North Carolina Press|year=2009}}</ref> Lowre nde fuɗɗii ko e SysOp m12345 ngam rokkude juulɓe ummoriiɓe e nokkuuji ceertuɗi e duuɓi ceertuɗi ko woni e nder lislaam e nder lowre nde alaa ko yoɓi. ''IslamicTorrents'' ko lowre enternet gonnde e les njiimaandi ''portal'' [[Lislaamu|lislaam]] halal dijital. Lowre ndee teskaama ina jeyaa e portal ''Digital Halal'', ina anndaa kadi ina rokka jaŋde Qur’aana, filmuuji waajuuji, e binndanɗe. Lowre ndee, kam e lowe goɗɗe nannduɗe heen, ina gasa tawa addani ɗum ɓeydaade faamde jaɓgol e kisal kuutoragol internet. Kono kadi ina wiyee wonde lowre ndee ko njiyaagu e nder ''internet''. == Tariya == ''IslamicTorrents'' fuɗɗii ko e ballal ngam aduna juulɓe, haa arti noon e juulɓe kesi. Haa ñalnde 1 ut 2006, ''IslamicTorrents'' naatii e hitaande mum ɗiɗmere ko ballal juulɓe. ''IslamicTorrents'' ɓurii denndaangal lowe ''BitTorrent'' gonɗe e internet jowitiiɗe e Lislaam to bannge mawnugol e njulaagu. ''IslamicTorrents'' ina jeyaa e 80 000 lowre internet ɓurnde heewde huutoreede e winndere nde to Alexa. Ñalnde 26 ut 2005, ''IslamicTorrents.net'' rokkaama njeenaari ɓurndi toowde ndi ''IslamicCan.com'' rokkata ndi. Njeenaari kaŋŋe ndii rokkaama sabu moƴƴere mum e lowre [[Lislaamu|lislaam]]. [[Lislaamu|Lislaam]] udditaama e lewru Yarkomaa 2012. == Ƴeew kadi == Njiylawu lowre ''BitTorrent'' == Tuugnorgal == 9l8wibufqfgvzfviokjiouwq6uscwl8 0 31050 180980 128997 2026-08-04T23:56:49Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180980 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Lannda banndiraagal kesal''' (新党友愛, Shintō Yūai) ko lannda politik Japonnaajo gonɗo e fuɗɗoode hitaande 1998. Ko terɗe Diet sosi ɗum, tawi ko lannda keeri keso seerti e lannda keeri keso e lewru Yarkomaa 1998 ko DPP mo senngo. Innde ndee ummorii ko e dille demokaraasi jamaanu Taishō, kuutortooɗe helmere yūai (banndiraagal) ngam waɗde heen konngol. Lannda kaa wiyi kadi wonde yūai ina jogii nanndo fonetik e Engele "you and I", ina hollita yaakaare maɓɓe e gollodaade e Japonnaaɓe aadoraaɓe. Ardii lannda ka ko tergal suudu sarɗiiji leydi ndi hono Kansei Nakano, jooni ko tergal lannda Demokaraasi. E lewru abriil 1998, lannda banndiraagal kesal hawri e lannda laamu moƴƴu, lannda Demokaraasi gadinooɗo (1996) e lannda Reforme Demokaraasi (民主改革連合, Minshu-Kaikaku-Rengō) ngam sosde lannda Demokaraasi keso (198). Hooreeɓe NFP No. Innde Natal Mudda golle Took biro Nano biro Lanndaaji gadiiɗi ɗii : Lannda New Frontier 1 Kansei Nakano 5 lewru Yarkomaa 1998 24 Abriil 1998 Lannda lomtiiɗo: Lannda Demokaraasi (1998) == Ƴeew kadi == Lannda Sosiyaalist Demokaraasi (Japon) == Tuugnorgal<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220616074007/https://www.soumu.go.jp/senkyo/seiji_s/seijishikin/contents/SS20211126/321420.pdf 政治資金収支報告書 友愛協会 令和2年度] (official website of the [[Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications]])</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Historical Dictionary of Postwar Japan|url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000hoov|publisher=[[The Scarecrow Press]]|date=2011|last=Hoover|first=William D.|page=xxxvii|isbn=9780810854604}}</ref> == l097dbkhjlfw07hjij9axjjj9hwkqp8 0 31053 180953 127310 2026-08-04T23:30:42Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180953 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Nihon Ken Hozonkai''' (日本犬保存会, Fedde ngam hisnude kuɗol [[Japan|Japon]]), ko ɓuri heewde e mum ko Nippo, ko reenoowo e toppitiiɗo binnditagol kulle jeegom jibinannde [[Japan|Japon]] : Akita Inu, Hokkaido, Shiba Kenoku, Nippo ina yaltina kadi Nippo Standard, ko ɗum woni tolno jibinannde wonande jibinanndeeji jeegom jibinannde. == Tariya == Nippo sosaa ko e hitaande 1928 e juuɗe Doktoor Hirokichi Saito, gonnooɗo hooreejo fedde nde e hitaande 1932. E ballal Nippo, Akita Inu toɗɗaa ko e hitaande 1931, Shiba Inu toɗɗaa e hitaande 1936. Nippo woni laamu [[Japan|Japon]] gadano'1 koolol ngol waɗi ko to Tokiyoo ñalnde 6 noowammbar 1932. Fedde nde mawninii duuɓi mum 60 e hitaande 1988, e hitaande 1992 ina joginoo fotde 16 000 tergal e binnditagol hitaande kala ko ina tolnoo e 60 000 dogdu.Nippo ina yuɓɓina hannde koolol ngenndiwol gootol e nder ndunngu, e koolol diiwaan kala e ndunngu e ndunngu. == Ƴeew kadi == Kippu Kennel [[Japan|Japon]] Kuɗol [[Japan|Japon]] [ja]. == Tuugnorgal<ref name="Total">{{cite book|last=Haskett|first=Gretchen|author2=Susan Houser|title=The Total Shiba|url=https://archive.org/details/totalshiba0000hask|publisher=Alpine Publications|location=Loveland, CO|date=1997|isbn=1-57779-049-9}}</ref> <ref name="Total2" /> == fp8o0j7faaq1f7p007vr4marrshu6ql 0 31120 181019 127733 2026-08-05T00:53:48Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181019 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Fedde Demokaraasi Sosiyaalist''' (社会民主連合, Shakai-minshu-rengō) (SDF), nde wiyetee kadi e ɗemngal [[Japan|Japon]] ko Shaminren (社民連) juutnde, ko lannda politik [[Japan|Japon]] gonɗo gila 1978 haa 1994 (社会市民連合, Shakai-shimin-renō) e fedde Shakai (Klub Shakai), Shakai-kurabu). == Tariya == Fedde Sosiyaalist Demokaraasi ko lannda feccere e lannda Sosiyaalist [[Japan|Japon]] (JSP). Feññinde maggal rewi ko e jiiɓru keewndu, tawi ina jeyaa heen ndeeɗoo lannda politik luulndo, puɗɗinooɗo sosde lannda sosiyaalist demokratik e lewru Yarkomaa 1960, caggal ɗuum feeñde lannda kominist [[Japan|Japon]] (JCP). Eggugol terɗe mayre ina jeyaa e ko addani ardorde JSP yiytude ko ina wona 100 000 neɗɗo ina ngondi e caɗeele politik, tawi ina jeyaa heen ƴeewtaade nanondiral kisal hakkunde [[Japan|Japon]] e Amerik. Annduɓe ina tuuma kadi ustaare ballal renndo wonande lannda sosiyaalist en, haa teeŋti noon e nder gure mawɗe. Laawol ngol jokki haa duuɓi sappo garooji ɗii nde Shaminren seerti e JSP. Oon sahaa, JSP ina wonnoo e jiiɓru mawndu tawo ina jaleeɗe e Ni-hon (volume ɗiɗi) Shokaito (lannda sosiyaalist). Fedde Sosiyaalist Demokaraasi naati e fedde nde wonaa liberal, suɓiinde Morihiro Hosokawa ngam wonde gardiiɗo jaagorɗe [[Japan|Japon]] e hitaande 1993. E nder ndeeɗoo woote, Shaminren heɓi 0,7% e wooteeji ɗii, heɓi jooɗorɗe nay e nder suudu sarɗiiji [[Japan|Japon]]. Fedde ɓiɓɓe leydi Sosiyaalist en (SCF) E hitaande 1977, Hideo Den e Yutaka Hara e Yanosuke Narazaki njalti e lannda SDP, cosi lannda wiyeteende Shakai Club. E hitaande 1993, Satsuki Eda woniino hooreejo Fedde Ganndal e Karallaagal e nder guwarnama Morihiro Hosokawa. Natal hollirngal jokkondiral hakkunde Fedde Sosiyaalist Demokaraasi e Lannda Sosiyaalist [[Japan|Japon]]. Doggol hooreeɓe Fedde Sosiyaalist Demokaraasi (SDF) Hideo Den (mars 1978 – feebariyee 1985) Satsuki Eda (febariyee 1985 – mee 1994) == Ƴeew kadi == Lannda demokaraasi leydi [[Japan|Japon]] Lannda [[Japan|Japon]] keso Naato Kan Lannda keso Sakigake Lannda keeri keso == Tuugnorgalref {{Cite web|url=http://www.eda-jp.com/books/usdp/1-2.html|title=社民連十年史 社民連 われわれのめざすもの 1978/03/26}}<ref name="JapanCentre">{{cite book|editor=Albrecht Rothacher|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MQC_DAAAQBAJ&pg=PA121|title=The Japanese Power Elite|date=2016|page=121|publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]]|isbn=9781349229932}}</ref> <ref>{{cite book|last1=Bouissou|first1=Jean-Marie|author-link1=:fr:Jean-Marie Bouissou|translator-last1=Derrick|translator-first1=Jonathan|year=2002|title=Japan: The Burden of Success|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xuCEakYXebMC&pg=PA293|series=CERI Series in Comparative Politics and International Studies|publisher=[[C. Hurst & Co.]]|page=293|isbn=9781850655640|oclc=1166938716|access-date=5 May 2021}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Democracy in Japan|last1=Ishida|first1=Takeshi|last2=Krauss|first2=Ellis|publisher=University of Pittsburgh Press|year=1989|isbn=0822936089|location=Pittsburgh, PA|pages=[https://archive.org/details/democracyinjapan00ishi/page/97 97]|url=https://archive.org/details/democracyinjapan00ishi/page/97}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|title=Party Politics in Japan|last=Baerwald|first=Hans|publisher=Routledge|year=2010|isbn=9781136900303|location=London|pages=xxii}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|title=Japan's Postwar Party Politics|url=https://archive.org/details/japanspostwarpar0000kohn|last=Kohno|first=Masaru|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=1997|isbn=0691026297|location=Princeton, NJ|pages=[https://archive.org/details/japanspostwarpar0000kohn/page/135 135]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|title=Political Leadership in Liberal Democracies|url=https://archive.org/details/politicalleaders0000elgi|last=Elgie|first=Robert|publisher=Macmillan International Higher Education|year=1995|isbn=9780333597590|location=London|pages=[https://archive.org/details/politicalleaders0000elgi/page/159 159]}}</ref> == fo5d6ssmvr4rrt1bnemdciwbc1g6he1 0 31121 181158 127748 2026-08-05T03:11:41Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181158 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Sōgetsu-ryū''' (草月流) ko duɗal ikebana, walla naalankaagal puɗi [[Japan|Japon]]. Tariya Sosɗo ɗum ko Sofū Teshigahara e hitaande 1948 Sōgetsu ko Sōfū Teshigahara sosi ɗum e hitaande 1927. Baaba Sōfū ko jaagorgal ikebana, jannginoowo ɓiyiiko gila e cukaagu mum. Sōfū yiɗiino wonde pentoowo, kono o tawi ko mbaawkaaji ngam hollirde tagoore e huutoraade geɗe ɓaleeje ina keewi, hono no pentugol nii. O tawi kuule tiiɗɗe ikebana gaadanteeje ɗee njaɓaani haalde neɗɗo gooto. O seerti e ikebana gaadanteejo, o sosi duɗal makko e hitaande 1926. E fuɗɗoode, o ƴelliti duɗal ngal e rajo. Haa e hitaande 2016, ko gardiiɗo duɗe ɗee nayi. Ɓiɗɗo Sōfū debbo biyeteeɗo Kasumi ko naalanke baawɗo. O woni gardiiɗo duɗal ɗiɗaɓal haa o maayi e duuɓi 47. Mawniiko gorko, gardinooɗo filmo biyeteeɗo Hiroshi Teshigahara, ƴetti golle ɗee. Gardiiɗo duɗal ngal hannde ko Akane, taaniiko debbo Sōfū. Duɗal Sōgetsu ko duɗal udditiingal, ngal avant-garde. Duɗal ngal jeyaa ko e gadaniiɗe jogaade defte janngirɗe e ɗemngal Engele. Njuɓɓudi mbaydi ndimaagu Haala lolluka Sōfū Teshigahara e credo duɗal Sōgetsu ko wonde Sōgetsu ina waawi waɗeede e kala neɗɗo, e kala nokku, e kala sahaa e kala sifaa kaɓirɗe. Ardii duɗal ngal ko Akane Teshigahara, taaniiko debbo sosɗo ngal. Ina jeyaa e waɗooɓe ɗum ɓee, jannginoowo mawɗo biyeteeɗo Kōka Fukushima, mo jaŋde mum mawnde e nder winndere ndee kala heɓi weltaare e nder dingiral naalankaagal puɗi. Joɗnde suudu Sōgetsu to Tokiyoo Ko mahoowo biyeteeɗo Kenzo Tange mahi gardiiɗo oo. Beverly Harden, yumma fijoowo biyeteeɗo Marcia Gay Harden, ko golloowo e duɗal Sōgetsu. Caggal ɗuum o wonti kadi hooreejo fedde Ikebana hakkunde leyɗeele Washington, DC. Sifaaaji Sōgetsu ɓuri huutoraade ko ɓuuɓri toowndi, ɓuuɓndi hono ndi ɓe mbaɗata e ƴiye bamɗi, walla ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓndi, udditiindi ina wiyee "suiban" ɗo puɗi e caɗeele njuɓɓinaa e kenzan suuɗiiɗo. Kono tan, mbaadiiji goɗɗi ina mbaawi wonde, ina heen tagooje laaɓtuɗe no feewi, keewɗe saal fof. Peeje e nder vas toowɗo ina wiyee Nageire, ɗe e nder lowre ɓuuɓnde ina wiyee Moribana. Ina jeyaa e miijooji Sōgetsu ɓurɗi teeŋtude, wonde yuɓɓo ina foti jogaade geɗe tati tiiɗɗe, heen geɗel fof ina jogii tolnooji mum, ina yuɓɓinee e njuuteendi mum. Kono ina woodi latitude mawɗo ngam golloraade kala ko ina woodi e hollirde ruuhu sahaa oo. Mawɓe duɗe Teshigahara sofu arandeejo, hitaande 1900-1979 Kasumi ɗiɗaɓo, hitaande 1932-1980 Teshigahara Hiroshi tataɓo, hitaande 1927-2001 Teshigahara Akane 4ɓo b. 1960 == Tuugnorgal<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ikebanahq.org/sogetsu.php|title=Ikebana International}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|title=Kadensho, the book of flowers|url=https://archive.org/details/kadenshobookoffl0000tesh|last=Teshigahara|first=Sofu|publisher=Sogetsu Shuppan Inc.|year=1979|isbn=4-88145-001-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/kadenshobookoffl0000tesh/page/n22 9]–12}}</ref> <ref name="sogetsu.or.jp">{{cite web|url=http://www.sogetsu.or.jp/e/know/about/timeline/|title=IKEBANA SOGETSU Time-line - Know Sogetsu}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sogetsu.or.jp/e/akane/profile/|title=IKEBANA SOGETSU Profile - Sogetsu and Akane Teshigahara}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|title=Exploring Ikebana|last=Beunen|first=Ilse|publisher=Stichting Kunstboek|year=2015|isbn=978-90-5856-504-4}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|title=Ikebana Sogetsu|last=Teshigahara|first=Hiroshi|publisher=Shufunotomo co., Ltd.|year=1986|isbn=4-07-974618-0|pages=1}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sogetsu.or.jp/e/akane/profile/|title=IKEBANA SOGETSU Profile - Sogetsu and Akane Teshigahara}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2005/08/13/people/koka-fukushima/|title=Koka Fukushima|first=Vivienne|last=Kenrick|date=13 August 2005|via=Japan Times Online}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2005/08/13/people/koka-fukushima/|title=Koka Fukushima|first=Vivienne|last=Kenrick|date=13 August 2005|via=Japan Times Online}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sogetsu.or.jp/e/know/hall/|title=IKEBANA SOGETSU Sogetsu HQ Building - Know Sogetsu}}</ref> == 3ad5wcm51pgjdaa8dhbsh7m33haomt7 0 31740 180970 131264 2026-08-04T23:47:34Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180970 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Duɗal hakkunde leyɗeele Vale Verde''' (VVIS) ko duɗal hakkunde leyɗeele gonngal to Burgau, Algarve, Portigaal. Duɗal ngal sosaa ko e hitaande 2002 nde ngal heɓi yamiroore mum laawɗunde e Ministeer Jaŋde.Duɗal ngal ina jeyaa e duɗe ɗiɗi leslese keertiiɗe hakkunde leyɗeele jogiiɗe yamiroore e nder Algarve hirnaange [source unreliable?] VVIS ina jogii teeŋtinnde e jaŋde Angalteer e rewrude e mbaydi wayliindi e curriculum Engele IGCSE toɓɓere e peewnugol. Fannuuji IGCSE ɗii fof tuugii ko e jaŋde duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Cambridge. Naatgol e duɗal ngal fawii ko e yeewtere moƴƴere e ƴeewndo naatgol. Duɗal ngal wonti tergal e fedde Oropnaare duɗe hakkunde leyɗeele ECIS e fedde duɗe hakkunde leyɗeele CIS.[citation needed] Kadi ko nde duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde jaŋde toownde Cambridge, gooto e nokkuuji duɗe joy tan e nder Algarve. E hitaande 2007 nde heɓi yamiroore mahngo duɗal leslesal gadanal ɗemɗe ɗiɗi e nder leydi Portigaal, ngal rokkata won e fannuuji e ɗemngal Portigaal.[citation needed]. Mahdiiji ɗii udditaa e dow laabi e lewru ut 2010, ina njogii ƴulɓe (air conditionnés) haa laaɓi. Miijo ɗemɗe ɗiɗi ɗee ƴettii duuɓi ɗiɗi ngam feewnude e sosde tuugnorgal diisnondiral Master e nder jaŋde hakkundeere [citation needed] ngal gardiiɗo maggal, Louise De Beer. VVIS kadi timminii teyaatre mahaaɗo e faandaare, huutorteende ngam jannginde naalankaagal, dingiral, e jimɗi e nder duɗe ɗee, e hitaande 2008, caggal nde ɓeydi heen nokku dingiral e marque adaptable ngam peewnugol weeyo udditiingo e fawaade e ñaamde. == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol duɗe hakkunde leyɗeele == Tuugnorgal<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://vvis.org/about/about-us/|title=About Us « VVIS International School Algarve|website=vvis.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-09-07}}</ref> <ref>[http://www.isvillage.com/schools/europe/portugal/algarve/vvis-international-school-algarve/details/ "VVIS International School Algarve"], International Schools Village, ''accessed 9 June 2008''</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|title=ECIS International Schools Directory 2009/10|url=https://archive.org/details/ecisinternationa0000dere|last=Bingham|first=Dereck|publisher=Jon Catt Educational Ltd|year=2009|isbn=978-1904724674|location=Suffolk, United Kingdom|pages=[https://archive.org/details/ecisinternationa0000dere/page/197 197]}}</ref> == rh60ma7ak6jxhzcdpnlfo3jp6oifvd7 0 32017 180809 132605 2026-08-04T20:51:41Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180809 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Koh-e-Murad''' (Baluchi e [[Urduun|Urdu]]: كوه مراد) ko nokku dewal gonɗo sara wuro Turbat e nder diiwaan Baluchistaan ​​to leydi [[Pakistan|Pakistaan]]. Oo nokku ko nokku Ziyarat wonande Zikris. Zikris ina sikki wonde Mahdi maɓɓe waɗii duuɓi mum cakkitiiɗi ɗii e ooɗoo nokku ina duwanoo e ina waajoo iimanaagal mum. Zikris diineeji ina mbaɗa hijjoore hitaande kala to Koh-e-Murad ñalnde 27 lewru Ramadaan.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Benkin|first=Richard|title=What is Moderate Islam?|url=https://archive.org/details/whatismoderateis0000unse|publisher=Lexington Books|year=2017|isbn=9781498537421|pages=[https://archive.org/details/whatismoderateis0000unse/page/102 102]|language=English}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == qpop2msz2dschfwd2clljqqxqnmr4hn 0 32337 180932 133891 2026-08-04T23:07:12Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180932 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Carl Köppen''' (23 ut 1833 - 28 suwee 1907) ko jaagorgal konu Almaañnaajo golloowo to Japon e fuɗɗoode jamaanu Meiji . == Nguurndam == Ko o tergal e bataliyoŋ Schaumburg-Lippe Jäger ummoriiɗo e yaawre e nder darɗe, Köppen noddaama ngam jannginde to Japon ngam wonde wasiyaaji caggal leydi rokkude heblo konuuli lolluɗi e Domen Kishū e von Baumgarten Ɓooygol gunndo.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Bara|first1=Xavier|title=The Kishū Army and the Setting of the Prussian Model in Feudal Japan, 1860–1871|journal=War in History|date=2012|volume=19|issue=2|pages=153–171|publisher=Sage Publications|doi=10.1177/0968344511432980|jstor=26098427|s2cid=154743242|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/26098427|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Helm|first1=Leslie|title=Yokohama Yankee|url=https://archive.org/details/yokohamayankeemy0000helm|date=2013|publisher=Chin Music Press|location=Seattle|isbn=9780984457663|page=[https://archive.org/details/yokohamayankeemy0000helm/page/50 50]}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> b63fybgpgfmbdmh11fdfyzbh8k14rkc 0 32338 180892 133894 2026-08-04T22:21:50Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180892 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Kagamitarō Konkō (金光 鑑太郎, Konkō Kagamitarō; 26 April 1909 – 10 January 1991) was a Japanese [[Konkōkyō]] leader, [[calligrapher]], poet, cultural leader, and educator. Konkō sosi Defterdu Konkō, woni gardiiɗo defterdu gadano. Tuggi 1954 haa 1990, o wasiyiima Fedde defte Japon. Tuggi 1973 haa 1990, o wasiyiima fedde wiyeteende « Boy Scouts » to Nippon. Kōsai mo nokku ƴeewndo Saji, jokkondirɗo e makko no moƴƴi, inniri tagofeere 4526 Konko 1982 KN1 e 11254 Konkohekisui (18 feebariyee 1977 doggol [A]) ngam teddinde mo.<ref name="springer">{{cite book|title=Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (3370) Kohsai|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofmino0000schm_k0v7|last=Schmadel|first=Lutz D.|publisher=[[Springer Berlin Heidelberg]]|page=[https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofmino0000schm_k0v7/page/281 281]|date=2007|isbn=978-3-540-00238-3|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_3370|chapter=(3370) Kohsai}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> p8ezsqrh198k44ngqnig1n9wbq7m1vz 0 32844 180883 136790 2026-08-04T22:14:16Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180883 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Breastfeeding pillow.jpg|thumb|Nursing pillow]] {{Databox}}'''Pillow njuumri''' ko ɓuuɓri huutorteende ngam fooftinde cukalel, ko adii fof ngam weeɓtinde njuumri e njuumri.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=McGuinness|first=Kerry Davis|date=2024-07-19|title=The Best Nursing Pillows|url=https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-nursing-pillows/|access-date=2025-08-26|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Corbeil|first=Jean-Claude|title=Merriam-Webster's Visual Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/merriamwebstersv0000corb|publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]]|year=2012|isbn=9780877791515}}</ref> Ina waawi waɗde ñamri ɓurndi welde.<ref name=":02" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=Anderson|first=Mallory|date=2025-08-25|title=Consumer Reports: Set yourself up for breastfeeding success|url=https://www.wisn.com/article/consumer-reports-set-yourself-up-for-breastfeeding-success/65872183|access-date=2025-08-26|website=WISN|language=en}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == fblk215kxrhqx4vpc29ft7zm3n2ph5o 0 32950 180950 136491 2026-08-04T23:26:21Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180950 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Richard Howard Barrett''' (10 suwee 1915 – 24 desaambar 1994), ko ganndo Ameriknaajo ganndo ko faati e pathogenesis ɗemngal, kadi ko kanko winndi defte ɗiɗi janngirɗe gadane jowitiiɗe e ganndal ƴiye : Ɓooygol ƴiye gonɗe e hunuko, e Fuɗɗoode ganndal ƴiye. Barrett ko baaba sosɗo fedde karallaagal wonnde Fedde Adunaare toppitiinde ko fayti e Miyoloji Orofacial, o woniino hooreejo mayre tuggi 1977 haa 1979. E nder golle makko safaara o safrii ñawanɗe muusɗe jowitiiɗe e ŋakkeende golle ɓalndu, o jannginii teemedde safrooɓe woɗɓe e kuutoragol karallaagal makko. == Tuugnorgal<ref>{{cite web|last1=Congress|first1=The Library of|title=Barrett, Richard H. (Richard Howard), 1915- - LC Linked Data Service: Authorities and Vocabularies {{!}} Library of Congress, from LC Linked Data Service: Authorities and Vocabularies (Library of Congress)|url=https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n88038019.html|website=Library of Congress|access-date=2 December 2021}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Mills|first=Christine Stevens|date=2011|title=International Association of Orofacial Myology History: Origin, Background, Contributors|url=https://www.iaom.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/History-of-IAOM-by-Chris-Mills.pdf|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=International Association of Orofacial Myology}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|last1=Hanson|first1=Marvin L.|title=Fundamentals of Orofacial Myology|url=https://archive.org/details/fundamentalsofor0000hans|last2=Barrett|first2=Richard H.|publisher=Charles C. Thomas|year=1988|isbn=0-398-05518-1|location=Springfield, IL|pages=}}</ref> == b6nr4mci4on5nlucleni4e3d7m0ueir 0 32975 181008 136606 2026-08-05T00:41:44Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181008 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Cukku''' ('''Cukku''') ko ñawu nguu heewi heɓtaade ko juuti, ngu ɓuuɓnata ƴiiƴam ɓalndu.<ref name="WHO2013">{{cite web|title=Asthma Fact sheet №307|url=https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs307/en/|website=WHO|access-date=March 3, 2016|date=November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629035454/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs307/en/|archive-date=June 29, 2011}}</ref> Ina sikkaa ko maale mbayliigu e mbayliigu, ɓuuɓgol henndu mbayliigu, e ɓuuɓgol ɓuuɓngol no feewi.<ref name="NHLBI07p11-12">{{harvnb|NHLBI Guideline|2007|pp=11–12}}</ref><ref name="GINA_2011_page20,51">{{harvnb|GINA|2011|p=20,51}}</ref> Maale ɗee ko: sondaru, ɓuuɓri, wiɓɓere hiɓɓa, e juutde foofaango. Bonannde maale Cukku ɗoon e ɗoon, sahaa e sahaa fof ina wiyee ‘’attaque Cukku’’ walla ‘’exacerbation Cukku’’ ina waawi waɗde so alerji, pollen, duƴƴe, walla geɗe goɗɗe, ina foofa e nder ƴiiƴam, ina addana ƴiiƴam ɗam ɓuuɓde e feewnude ƴiiƴam ɗam, ɗam restoraa tooksiliverik.<ref name="Antileukotriene agents">{{cite journal|vauthors=Scott JP, Peters-Golden M|title=Antileukotriene agents for the treatment of lung disease|journal=American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine|volume=188|issue=5|pages=538–44|date=September 2013|pmid=23822826|doi=10.1164/rccm.201301-0023PP}}</ref> Ɗee ina mbaawi waɗde laabi seeɗa e ñalawma walla laabi seeɗa e yontere. E fawaade e neɗɗo oo, maale Cukku ina mbaawi ɓeydaade bonde e jamma walla e fijirde. Cukku ina sikkaa ko jillondiral geɗe renndo e nokkuuji ngaddata ɗum.<ref name="Goldman2020">{{cite book|vauthors=Drazen GM, Bel EH|veditors=Goldman L, Schafer AI|title=Goldman-Cecil Medicine|date=2020|publisher=Elsevier|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-323-55087-1|pages=527–535|edition=26th|volume=1|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7pKqDwAAQBAJ&dq=Asthma&pg=PA527|chapter=81. Asthma}}</ref> Geɗe weeyo ina njeyaa heen: ɓuuɓri henndu e alerji.<ref name="GINA_2011_page71">{{harvnb|GINA|2011|p=71}}</ref> Ko waawi heen wonde fof, ina jeyaa heen leɗɗe ko wayi no aspiriin e beta-blockers. Ñawu nguu ina heewi tuugnaade e no maale ɗee njiyrata, no jaabawol ngol yahrata e nder sahaaji, e ƴeewndo golle ɓuuɓri spirometry.<ref name="Lemanske2010">{{cite journal|vauthors=Lemanske RF, Busse WW|title=Asthma: clinical expression and molecular mechanisms|journal=The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology|volume=125|issue=2 Suppl 2|pages=S95-102|date=February 2010|pmid=20176271|pmc=2853245|doi=10.1016/j.jaci.2009.10.047}}</ref> Cukku ina renndinee fawaade e keewal maale ɓuuɓri doole e nder leƴƴannde wootere (FEV1), e ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓri ɓurndi heewde. Ina waawi kadi renndineede e atopik walla ko wonaa atopik, ɗo atopik woni ko jogori arde e ƴellitde mbaydi 1 gonndi e ɓuuɓri gonndi e ɓuuɓri.<ref name="RobbinsCotran2010">{{cite book|vauthors=Kumar V, Abbas AK, Fausto N, Aster J|title=Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781437707922|publisher=Saunders|edition=8th|year=2010|isbn=978-1-4160-3121-5|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781437707922/page/688 688]|oclc=643462931}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|edition=28|year=2005|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8}}</ref> Alaa safaara anndaaɗo e ñawu nguu, kono ina waawi safreede.<ref name="GINA_2011_page33">{{harvnb|GINA|2011|p=33}}</ref> Maale ɗee ina mbaawi haɗeede e rewrude e reentaade ko addata ɗum, ko wayi no alerji e ɓuuɓri fooftere, e suppiteede e huutoraade kortikosteroiduuji foofaaɗi.<ref name="NHLBI07p169">{{harvnb|NHLBI Guideline|2007|pp=169–72}}</ref><ref name="GINA_2011_page712">{{harvnb|GINA|2011|p=71}}</ref> Agonisteeji beta juutɗi (LABA) walla antileukotriyen ina mbaawi huutoreede e ko jiidaa e kortikosteroid foofaandu so tawii maale Cukku ina keddii e ƴeewteede.<ref name="GINA_2011_page33" /><ref name="Antileukotriene agents2">{{cite journal|vauthors=Scott JP, Peters-Golden M|title=Antileukotriene agents for the treatment of lung disease|journal=American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine|volume=188|issue=5|pages=538–44|date=September 2013|pmid=23822826|doi=10.1164/rccm.201301-0023PP}}</ref> Safrude maale ñawu nguu ɓeydotooɗe yaawde ko heewi ko e foofaango, ko wayi no salbutamol e kortikosteroid ƴettaaɗo e hunuko.<ref name="Ana2010">{{cite journal|vauthors=Anandan C, Nurmatov U, van Schayck OC, Sheikh A|title=Is the prevalence of asthma declining? Systematic review of epidemiological studies|journal=Allergy|volume=65|issue=2|pages=152–67|date=February 2010|pmid=19912154|doi=10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02244.x|s2cid=19525219|doi-access=}}</ref> E nder caɗeele teeŋtuɗe, ina waawi ɗaɓɓude kortikosteroid e nder ƴiiƴam, sulfaat magnesium, e lopitaal.<ref name="Manniche1999">{{cite book|vauthors=Manniche L|title=Sacred luxuries: fragrance, aromatherapy, and cosmetics in ancient Egypt|pages=[https://archive.org/details/sacredluxuriesfr0000mann/page/49 49]|date=1999|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=978-0-8014-3720-5}}</ref> E hitaande 2019, Cukku ina heɓtoo fotde 262 miliyoŋ neɗɗo, ina addana fotde 461 000 maayɗo. Ko ɓuri heewde e maayɓe ɓee ko e leyɗeele ƴellitiiɗe ɗee.<ref name="WHO20132">{{cite web|title=Asthma Fact sheet №307|url=https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs307/en/|website=WHO|access-date=March 3, 2016|date=November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629035454/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs307/en/|archive-date=June 29, 2011}}</ref> Cukku ina heewi fuɗɗoraade e cukaagu,<ref name="WHO20132" /> tee ina ɓeydoo heewde gila e kitaale 1960. Cukku ina anndaa gila e Misra ɓooyɗo. Konngol Cukku ngol ummorii ko e ɗemngal Gerek ἆσθμα (âsthma), firti ko ‘ɓuuɓde’.<ref name="M38">{{cite book|vauthors=Murray JF|title=Murray and Nadel's textbook of respiratory medicine|url=https://archive.org/details/murraynadelstext0002unse|veditors=Mason RJ, Murray JF, Broaddus VC, Nadel JA, Martin TR, King Jr TE, Schraufnagel DE|year=2010|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-1-4160-4710-0|chapter=Ch. 38 Asthma|edition=5th}}</ref> == Sawta e maandolji == {{Listen|filename=Wheeze2O noise reduced.ogg|title=Wheezing|description=Hoodere ɓuuɓnde no naniraa e stetoskop|format=[[Ogg]]}}Cukku ina maantiniri ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓri, ɓuuɓri fooftere, ɓuuɓri ɓalndu, e ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓri.[21] Sputum ina waawi yaltude e ɓuuɓri e ɓuuɓri kono ina heewi saɗtude addude. E nder cellal e ñawu Cukku (exacerbation), ɓuuɓri ina waawi feeñde no ɓuuɓri nii, sabu ɓuuɓri ƴiiƴam ɓaleeri ina wiyee eosinophiles.<ref>{{cite book|veditors=Jindal SK|title=Textbook of pulmonary and critical care medicine|publisher=Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers|location=New Delhi|date=2011|isbn=978-93-5025-073-0|page=242|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EvGTw3wn-zEC&pg=PA242|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160424073023/https://books.google.com/books?id=EvGTw3wn-zEC&pg=PA242|archive-date=April 24, 2016}}</ref> Maale ɗee ina keewi bonde e jamma e subaka law walla e jaabawol fijirde walla henndu ngulndu.<ref>{{cite book|vauthors=George RB|title=Chest Medicine: Essentials of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine|date=2005|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-5273-2|page=62|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZzlX2zJMbdgC&pg=PA62|edition=5th|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505195821/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZzlX2zJMbdgC&pg=PA62|archive-date=May 5, 2016}}</ref> Won e yimɓe wonduɓe e Cukku ina famɗi ɗo keɓata maale, ko ɓuri heewde ko e jaabawol gonngol e ɓuuɓri, woɗɓe ina mbaawi jaabaade ko heewi e ko yaawi, ina keɓa maale duumotooɗe.<ref name="GINA2011_p8-9">{{harvnb|GINA|2011|pp=8–9}}</ref> === Sartiiji jokkondirɗi === Ko heewi e ngonkaaji cellal goɗɗi ina keewi feeñde e yimɓe wonduɓe e Cukku, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), rhinosinusitis, e obstructive sleep apnea.<ref name="Boulet2009">{{cite journal|vauthors=Boulet LP|title=Influence of Comorbid Conditions on Asthma|journal=The European Respiratory Journal|volume=33|issue=4|pages=897–906|date=April 2009|pmid=19336592|doi=10.1183/09031936.00121308|doi-access=free}}</ref> Rafiiji hakkille kadi ɓuri heewde,<ref name="Boulay2011">{{cite journal|vauthors=Boulet LP, Boulay MÈ|title=Asthma-related comorbidities|journal=Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine|volume=5|issue=3|pages=377–393|date=June 2011|pmid=21702660|doi=10.1586/ers.11.34|doi-access=free}}</ref> rafiiji kulɓiniiɗi ina keɓa hakkunde 16 e 52% e rafiiji ɓernde ina keɓa hakkunde 14–41%.<ref name="Andrew2010">{{cite book|veditors=Harver A, Kotses H|title=Asthma, Health and Society: A Public Health Perspective|date=2010|publisher=Springer|location=New York|isbn=978-0-387-78285-0|page=315|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nkP8_h_ewLMC&pg=PA315|access-date=April 6, 2021}}</ref> Anndaaka so tawii Cukku ina addana neɗɗo caɗeele hakkille walla caɗeele hakkille ina addana neɗɗo Cukku.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Thomas M, Bruton A, Moffat M, Cleland J|title=Asthma and psychological dysfunction|journal=Primary Care Respiratory Journal|volume=20|issue=3|pages=250–256|date=September 2011|pmid=21674122|pmc=6549858|doi=10.4104/pcrj.2011.00058}}</ref> Cukku jooni oo, kono wonaa Cukku ɓooyɗo oo, ina jokkondiri e ɓeydagol maayde e nder safaaraaji kala, maayde e ñawu ɓernde, e maayde e ñawu nguu e nder reedu les.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=He X, Cheng G, He L, Liao B, Du Y, Xie X, Zhang S, Li G, Wang Y, Zhang Y|display-authors=6|title=Adults with current asthma but not former asthma have higher all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: a population-based prospective cohort study|journal=Scientific Reports|volume=11|issue=1|date=January 2021|pmid=33446724|pmc=7809422|doi=10.1038/s41598-020-79264-4|bibcode=2021NatSR..11.1329H}}</ref> Cukku, haa teeŋti noon e Cukku tiiɗɗo, ina jokkondiri no feewi e ƴellitaare ñawu nguu (COPD).<ref name="Asthma as a risk factor for COPD in">{{cite journal|vauthors=Silva GE, Sherrill DL, Guerra S, Barbee RA|title=Asthma as a risk factor for COPD in a longitudinal study|journal=Chest|volume=126|issue=1|pages=59–65|date=July 2004|pmid=15249443|doi=10.1378/chest.126.1.59}}</ref><ref name="Asthma, COPD and overlap syndrome">{{cite journal|vauthors=de Marco R, Marcon A, Rossi A, Antó JM, Cerveri I, Gislason T, Heinrich J, Janson C, Jarvis D, Kuenzli N, Leynaert B, Probst-Hensch N, Svanes C, Wjst M, Burney P|display-authors=6|title=Asthma, COPD and overlap syndrome: a longitudinal study in young European adults|journal=The European Respiratory Journal|volume=46|issue=3|pages=671–679|date=September 2015|pmid=26113674|doi=10.1183/09031936.00008615|s2cid=2169875|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Gibson PG, McDonald VM|title=Asthma-COPD overlap 2015: now we are six|journal=Thorax|volume=70|issue=7|pages=683–691|date=July 2015|pmid=25948695|doi=10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206740|s2cid=38550372|doi-access=free}}</ref> Ɓeen wonduɓe e Cukku, haa teeŋti noon so tawii ko ko ŋakki e reentaade, ina ɓeydoo heewde baasal e reentaade raajo-kontrast.<ref>{{cite book|veditors=Thomsen HS, Webb JA|title=Contrast media: safety issues and ESUR guidelines.|date=2014|publisher=Springer|location=Dordrecht|isbn=978-3-642-36724-3|page=54|edition=Third|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W1O-BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA54}}</ref> Kaɓirɗe ɓuri heewde feeñde ko e yimɓe wonduɓe e Cukku.<ref name="Martinez2007">{{cite journal|vauthors=Martinez FD|title=Genes, environments, development and asthma: a reappraisal|journal=The European Respiratory Journal|volume=29|issue=1|pages=179–84|date=January 2007|pmid=17197483|doi=10.1183/09031936.00087906|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Miller RL, Ho SM|title=Environmental epigenetics and asthma: current concepts and call for studies|journal=American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine|volume=177|issue=6|pages=567–73|date=March 2008|pmid=18187692|pmc=2267336|doi=10.1164/rccm.200710-1511PP}}</ref> Ina gasa tawa ɗum jokkondirii e batte ustude ƴiiƴam (agonistes beta2-adrenergiques).<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Choudhry S, Seibold MA, Borrell LN, Tang H, Serebrisky D, Chapela R, Rodriguez-Santana JR, Avila PC, Ziv E, Rodriguez-Cintron W, Risch NJ, Burchard EG|display-authors=6|title=Dissecting complex diseases in complex populations: asthma in latino americans|journal=Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society|volume=4|issue=3|pages=226–33|date=July 2007|pmid=17607004|pmc=2647623|doi=10.1513/pats.200701-029AW}}</ref> Ɗeeɗoo leɗɗe ina mbaawi kadi ustude baasal dental. == Patofisiyoloji == {{multiple image|total_width=660|image1=Asthma attack-illustration NIH.jpg|caption1=Natal A hollitii nokku ɗo ɓuuɓri e ɓuuɓri ƴiiƴam woni e nder ɓanndu. Natal B hollitii taƴre gonnde e laawol henndu no woorunoo. Natal C hollitii taƴre gonnde e laawol henndu e nder maale asma.|image2=Asthma .jpg|alt2=Taƴre ƴiiƴam gonnde e laawol henndu ina hollira ɓakdi pinndi ɓuuɓndi e nder mum ina heewi muus daneejo|caption2=Uddugol lumen bronkiyol e eksudat mukoid, metaplaasi cellal goblet, e teddeendi membrane les epiteliyal e neɗɗo mo cukku|image3=Asthma (Lungs).png|caption3=Natal asma}} Cukku ko batte ɓuuɓri gonndi e nokku ɗo ƴiiƴam ɗam woni ɗoo (ko ɓuri teeŋtude e ɓuuɓri ƴiiƴam e ɓuuɓri ƴiiƴam), ko ɗum addanta caggal ɗuum ɓeydagol ɓuuɓri ƴiiƴam ɗam taariindi mum. Ɗuum e nder geɗe goɗɗe ina addana neɗɗo ɓuuɓde ƴiiƴam e maale ɓuuɓɗe (classiques) ɓuuɓɗe. Naatgol ngol ina heewi wayleede tawa ina safree walla tawa alaa. Sahaa e sahaa fof, laabi henndu ɗii e koye mum en ina mbayla. Waylooji keewɗi e nder laabi henndu ina mbaɗi ɓeydagol eosinofiiluuji e teddeendi lamina retikulaar. E nder dumunna juutɗo, ƴiiƴam ɗam ina waawi ɓeydaade mawnude e ɓeydagol limoore ƴiiƴam ɗam. Ko wayi no limfositte T, makrofaaji, e neutrofiiluuji, ina heen sifaaji cellal goɗɗi. Ina waawi kadi tawa ina waɗi heen geɗe goɗɗe gonɗe e nder ɓalndu, ko wayi no sitokineeji, kemokineeji, histamin, e leukotrien e nder goɗɗi ɗii. == Firooji == {{Reflist}} ei220sow3uvmtgqinbatcdbgcydlska 0 33027 181017 136849 2026-08-05T00:51:38Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181017 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Gray’s Anatomy for Students''' ko deftere janngirnde anatomi nde deftere Gray’s Anatomy (Anatomy Grey) lollunde ndee ƴetti, nde ɓuri fawaade e janngooɓe safaara. Deftere janngirnde ndee yettaama sabu mbaadi mum kesiri, teeŋtinndi laaɓal e mbaadi miijo e janngugol.Binndol ngol ina fadi hollirde miijooji baɗɗiiɗi wonande janngooɓe kiropraktik, dental, safaara, e fisik.<ref>{{cite book|title=''Gray's Anatomy for Students: with Student Consult Online Access, 1e''|url=https://archive.org/details/graysanatomyfors00unse|isbn=0443066124|last1=Drake|first1=Richard Lee|last2=Vogl|first2=Wayne|last3=Mitchell|first3=Adam W. M.|date=2005|publisher=Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Sajko|first=Sandy S.|date=December 2006|title=Gray's Anatomy for Student's|journal=The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association|volume=50|issue=4|pages=290|issn=0008-3194|pmc=1840002}}</ref> Gray's Anatomy huutoraa ko no tuugnorgal mawngal nii, wonande binndol ngol e nate ɗee fof. == Tuugnorgal == <references /> mn33vqloe1pue4x806avnzipdq4fhwi 0 33040 180929 137137 2026-08-04T23:03:21Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180929 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:'Ali ibn al-'Abbas al-Majusi (d. circa 994-95); Kitab Kamil al-Sana'ah al-Tibbiyyah, signed Abu Sa'id 'Abd al-Rahman bin Abi'l-Fawaris bin Ghanim bin Muhammad al-Kazaruni, Iran, dated January-February 1194.jpg|thumb|Binndi al-Majusi ɗi Kitab Kamil al-Sana’ah al-Tibbiyyah, koppiiji ɗi ɓe mbaɗi e leydi Iran, ñalnde Yarkomaa–Februariyee 1194.]] '''Deftere timmunde ngam naalankaagal safaara''' (e ɗemngal aarabeere: كامل الصناعة الطبية, Kitāb Kāmil al-Ṣināʻa al-Ṭibbīya), anndiraande kadi Deftere laamɗo (aarabeeɓe: الكتاب الملكي, Al-Kitāb al-Malakī.), ko cafroowo Iraannaajo aljubba al-Alib's 'Alib's 100 winndi ɗum duɓɓi temere. O halfini deftere nde ko laamɗo biyeteeɗo ‘Aduudul Dawla, mo o gollannoo e oon sahaa.,<ref name="نجم‌آبادی" /><ref>{{cite book|last1=Leclerc|first1=Lucien|title=Histoire de la médecine arabe|url=https://archive.org/details/BIUSante_31500x02|date=1876|location=Paris}}</ref> Ndee deftere ina jeyaa e binndanɗe ɓurɗe waawde huutoreede e janngooɓe safaara e oon sahaa, tee nafoore deftere makko ndee ina haalee laabi keewɗi e miijooji daartiyankooɓe safaara ceertuɓe, ko wayi no Lucien Leclerc e Arturo Castiglioni.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Leclerc|first1=Lucien|title=Histoire de la médecine arabe|url=https://archive.org/details/BIUSante_31500x02|date=1876|location=Paris}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Castiglioni|first1=Arturo|title=A History of Medicine|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofmedicin0000artu_j9j7|date=1941|publisher=A. A. Knopf}}</ref> Ndee deftere ina waɗi 20 binndanɗe. Binndanɗe 10 gadane ɗee ɓuri siftinde ko miijooji safaara, binndanɗe 10 ɗiɗmere ɗee kolliri ko golle safaara. Teskorde 9ɓiire e nder feccere ɗimmere ndee, ko feewti e seppooji, ina waɗi 110 fannu seppooji ceertuɗi, ina heen karallaagal safrude anewrisma, ittude ƴiiƴam e ɓuuɓri e safrude hernia. Ndee feccere wonnoo ko e hakkunde hakkillaaji wiɗtooɓe hirnaange e fuɗnaange. Al-Majūsī ina anndaa no feewi e siftorde mum laaɓtunde ko fayti e pleurisy, cirkulaasiyoŋ, e nafoore ñaamde e fijirde ɓanndu e reentaade cellal. E nder fuɗɗoode deftere makko, Al-Majūsī ina ñiŋa heewɓe e safrooɓe Gerek en e Perse en e defte mum en. Yeru, e nder ƴeewndo Hippocrate e golle mum, o winndii : « Hippocrate siftoraani ko ɓuri heewde e ñawuuji ɗii no fotiri, ko ɗum addani ɗi saɗtude faamde ... », hay so tawii noon o siftinii kadi geɗe moƴƴe ɗee defte kadi. Deftere nde firtaa ko e ɗemngal Latin e hitaande 1089, caggal ɗuum nde saaktaa no feewi e nder Orop. == Ƴeew kadi == Liber pantegni Doggol defte e binndanɗe ɓurɗe yaajde == Tuugnorgal == jxe2l2yra2hymbsfpuqir8ibjyx5dpd 0 33041 181021 137135 2026-08-05T00:56:01Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181021 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Kulliyat''' (e ɗemngal aarabeeɓe: الـكـلّـيـات في الـطـب, e ɗemngal [[Romaniya|romaan]]: al-Kulliyāt fi al-ṭibb, lit. ‘Kuule kuuɓtodinɗe safaara’), ɓurɗo anndeede e firo mum latin Colliget, ko ansikolooji safaara binndaaɗi e polima Andaluus. Tiitoonde deftere ndee ina luurdi e « Keertinaango safaara » (e ɗemngal aarabeere: جزئیات في الـطـب, e ɗemngal [[Romaniya|romaan]]: al-Juzʾiyyāt fi al-ṭibb), nde sehil makko ibn Zuhr winndi. Ɓe ɗiɗo fof ɓe ngollodii, ɓe njiɗi ko defte maɓɓe timmintoo. Winndaama hakkunde 1153 e 1169, Colliget oo, caggal ɗuum, firtaa ko e ɗemngal Ebere e Latin, ngal wonti deftere janngirnde huutorteende no feewi e nder Orop haa e teeminannde 18ɓiire.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wdl.org/ar/item/10673/|title=ملخص لأعمال ابن زهر وابن رشد الطبية|publisher=}}</ref><ref>* {{cite book|title=Averroes: A Rationalist in Islam|url=https://archive.org/details/averroesrational0000arna|year=2000|orig-year=1998|first=Roger|last=Arnaldez|translator=David Streight|publisher=University of Notre Dame Press|isbn=0268020086|pages=[https://archive.org/details/averroesrational0000arna/page/28 28]–29}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Tbakhi|first1=Abdelghani|last2=Amr|first2=Samir S.|title=Ibn Rushd (Averroës): Prince of Science|journal=Annals of Saudi Medicine|date=2008|volume=28|issue=2|pages=145–147|doi=10.5144/0256-4947.2008.145|pmid=18398288|pmc=6074522}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == ozmpmh7usywzm82lfzjy60gwkq4lm47 0 33067 180814 137009 2026-08-04T20:57:50Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180814 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Ɓalli Pappenheimer''' ko ɓuuɓri basofilik njamndi tawaandi e nder ƴiiƴam mboɗejam e dow ƴiiƴam gonɗam e ƴiiƴam.[1]  Ko ɗi sifaa ɓanndu naatndu, tawa ina waɗi ɓuuɓri ferritin, walla mitokondriyaaji walla fagosomuuji jogiiɗi ferritin ɓuuɓri.  Ɗe peeñata ko e ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓndi, ɓuuɓndi-boɗeeri e nder ƴiiƴam mboɗejam, ina heewi wonde heen gooto walla ɗiɗi tan, tawa ina tawee e saraaji ƴiiƴam ɗam.  Ɓe ɓuuɓna e dow ɓuuɓol Romanowsky sabu ɓuuɓol ribosomeeji ina ɓuuɓtoo e ɓuuɓol gonngol e njamndi. Piɓaaji baɗɗi ɓalli Pappenheimer ko siderosit.  Retikulositteeji ina keewi jogaade ɓalli Pappenheimer.  Ɗi ɓuri teskeede ko e ñawuuji ko wayi no mboros miyelodisplastik (MDS), ŋakkere ƴiiƴam sideroblastik, ŋakkere ƴiiƴam hemolitik, tooke plumbum e ñawu sickle cell.  Eɗe mbaawi jokkondirde e limgol ƴiiƴam so tawii ƴeewndo ngoo waɗiraa ko limtooji elektoro-optik.<ref name="pmid15054821">{{cite journal|vauthors=Sears DA, Udden MM|title=Pappenheimer bodies: a brief historical review|journal=Am. J. Hematol.|volume=75|issue=4|pages=249–50|year=2004|pmid=15054821|doi=10.1002/ajh.20008|doi-access=free}}</ref> == Ceertugol e ɓuuɓri basofilik == Ɓalli Pappenheimer ina poti seertude e ɓuuɓri basofiil goɗɗi nder eritrosit hono ɓuuɓri basofiil.  Ko luutndii ɗiɗaɓi ɗii, ina njogii njamndi.<ref name="Wintrobe's">{{cite book|title=Wintrobe's clinical hematology|url=https://archive.org/details/wintrobesclinica0000unse_j8c7|location=Philadelphia|date=2014|isbn=978-1451172683|page=[https://archive.org/details/wintrobesclinica0000unse_j8c7/page/8 8]|edition=Thirteenth|last1=Greer|first1=John P.|last2=Arber|first2=Daniel A.|last3=List|first3=Alan F.|last4=Foerster|first4=John}}</ref> == Tariya == E hitaande 1945, Alwin Maks Pappenhaimer e woɗɓe.  siftinii ñawɓe tato ɓe ƴiiƴam mum en boɗejam, caggal nde ɓe ƴetti ƴiiƴam, hollirii naatgol so ɓe mbayliima e mbaydi Giemsa walla mbaydi Wright..<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.3181/00379727-56-14627P|title=Unidentified Inclusions within the Erythrocytes in Certain Gases of Febrile Anemia|year=1944|last1=Pappenheimer|first1=A. M.|last2=Thompson|first2=W. P.|last3=Parker|first3=D.|last4=Smith|first4=K. E.|journal=Experimental Biology and Medicine|volume=56|issue=2|pages=145–148|s2cid=88228863}}</ref> == Ñawu nguu == Ɓalli Pappenheimer ina njiyee e mbaydi Wright e/walla Giemsa.  Tabitingol njamndi ndi wonaa heme e nder ɓuuɓri ndii ina waɗee e ɓuuɓri Perls’ Prusse blue stain, ndiin ƴiiƴam mboɗejam ɗam alaa sifaa, ndeen ina anndiraa siderocyte.[5]  Ko yiytude sideroblasteeji cirƴaaɗi (walla cirƴaaɗi) tan ina sifaa ŋakkere ƴiiƴam sideroblastik..<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.3181/00379727-56-14627P|title=Unidentified Inclusions within the Erythrocytes in Certain Gases of Febrile Anemia|year=1944|last1=Pappenheimer|first1=A. M.|last2=Thompson|first2=W. P.|last3=Parker|first3=D.|last4=Smith|first4=K. E.|journal=Experimental Biology and Medicine|volume=56|issue=2|pages=145–148|s2cid=88228863}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> 9pwpv5g0qxamwwa30g10ois65cw4wlb 0 33113 180817 137940 2026-08-04T21:00:19Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180817 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Saamugol-reedu nder leydi Barbados''' ina laawɗi so tawii ko ngam hisnude nguurndam debbo oo, ngam hisnude cellal ɓanndu mum walla hakkille mum, so tawii ko e nder reedu nduu, so tawii reedu nduu ina waɗi caɗeele faggudu walla renndo tawa cafroowo ina ƴeewa ɗum.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Abortion policies : a global review|url=https://archive.org/details/abortionpolicies0003unse|date=1992{{ndash}}1995|publisher=United Nations|others=United Nations. Department of Economic and Social Development., United Nations. Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis. Population Division.|isbn=9211513510|location=New York|oclc=26594264}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Menon|first=P.K.|date=July 1985|title=The Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act 1983 (Barbados)|journal=The International and Comparative Law Quarterly|volume=34|issue=3|pages=630–636|doi=10.1093/iclqaj/34.3.630|pmid=11658725}}</ref> Ko adii jonte 12 jibinannde, debbo oo ina foti heɓde yamiroore safroowo ngam heɓde ruttaade. Hakkunde jonte 12 e 20, safrooɓe ɗiɗo ina poti jaɓde, tato ina poti jaɓeede caggal jonte 20. Ko adii nde debbo oo heɓata feere safaara, ina foti heɓde wasiyaaji. Ko safroowo foti waɗde golle ruttaade, caggal jonte 12, ɓe mbaɗa ɗum ko e opitaal mo laamu jaɓi. == Sariya joofgol reedu e safaara == E hitaande 1983, parlemaa Barbados ƴetti kuulal ngam ustude reedu e nder safaara, kuulal ngal haɗata ruttaade e reedu.<ref name=":22">{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2017/sep/28/why-do-politicians-still-force-women-through-unwanted-pregnancies-dame-billie-miller-barbados|title=Why do politicians still force women through unwanted pregnancies? {{!}} Billie Miller|last=Miller|first=Billie|date=2017-09-28|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=2018-01-27}}</ref> Billie Miller, debbo gadano won'de jaagorgal cellal to Barbados, waɗii kampaañ duuɓi jeeɗiɗi ngam hirjinde gollodiiɓe mum yo ndartin safaara rewɓe.<ref name=":22" /> Jaɓde ndeeɗoo sariya keso waɗii Barbados leydi gadani haalde Inngilis e nder Kariibi, ndi haɗi ruttaade e ɓiɗɗo.<ref name=":22" /> == Tuugnorgal == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Cellal]] l6iffqgjb6kkg0sqypohi50azbjthrl 0 33175 181082 170615 2026-08-05T01:58:05Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181082 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Ruttude ɓiɗɗo e nder leydi Burkinaa''' ina laawɗi tan e ɗeeɗoo geɗe ; 1.So tawii ruttaade ina hisna nguurndam debbo oo 2. So tawii reedu nduu ina bonna no feewi cellal ɓanndu walla hakkille debbo oo 3. So tawii cukalel ngel ina waawi jibineede e rafi mo safraaka 4. E nder geɗe reedu ummoriiɗe e ''rape'' walla ''incest'', so tawii ko ñaawoowo dowla seedtini ɗum. 5. Hay ɗeen ruttaade ina keewi e nder yontereeji sappo gadani reedu. To leydi [[Burkina Faso]], kala ruttaade e nder sarɗiiji goɗɗi, ina fawee e dow sarɗiiji goɗɗi, baɗɗo ɗum ina fawee duuɓi 1 haa 5 kasoo, tawa ina fawee kuugal 300 000 haa 1 500 000 faraŋ CFA.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Abortion policies. 3, 2002: Oman to Zimbabwe|url=https://archive.org/details/abortionpolicies03unse|date=2002|publisher=United Nations|isbn=978-92-1-151365-3|series=Population studies|location=New York}}</ref> == Batte sariyaaji keertiiɗi ruttaade == E fuɗɗoode kitaale 1990, ko famɗi fof 5% e rewɓe naatɓe e nokkuuji cellal ngam rafi cellal yumma ina njogii caɗeele nguurndam, tawi noon 70% e ɓeeɗoo rewɓe ina njogii duuɓi hakkunde 16 e 24. E nder oon sahaa gooto, 35% e rewɓe ɗaɓɓooɓe safaara ngam waasde jibinde, ko adii ɗuum, ko keɓooɓe ruttaade e nder reedu.<ref name="UN">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3iNmQIP7S2AC&q=abortion+in+burkina+faso|title=Abortion Policies: Afghanistan to France|date=2001|publisher=United Nations Publications|isbn=9789211513653|access-date=4 December 2014}}</ref> Waasde heɓde safaara ngam caɗeele jibinannde ina waawi addude batte bonɗe, sibu caɗeele jibinannde ina addana 10-18% e maayɗeele yumma, tawi noon e 330 e nder 100 000 jibinannde ina heddii no feewi e dow paandaale SDG 2030. Ko rewɓe njiyata e ruttaade ina mbaylee no feewi e ŋakkeende potal to bannge njuɓɓudi jowitiindi e jinnaaɓe e jawdi.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Bazié|first1=Fiacre|last2=Thomas|first2=Haley L.|last3=Byrne|first3=Meagan E.|last4=Kindo|first4=Boukary|last5=Bell|first5=Suzanne O.|last6=Moreau|first6=Caroline|date=2022-11-28|title=Typologies of women's abortion trajectories in Burkina Faso: findings from a qualitative study|journal=Reproductive Health|language=en|volume=19|issue=1|page=212|doi=10.1186/s12978-022-01526-3|issn=1742-4755|pmc=9707265|pmid=36443828|doi-access=free}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Burkina Faso]] brytai87n5jvrr42gt07gatd7pm022k 0 33293 181059 153179 2026-08-05T01:35:16Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 6 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181059 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Abortion in Barbados''' nder leydi Barbados ina laawɗi so tawii ko ngam hisnude nguurndam debbo oo, ngam hisnude cellal ɓanndu mum walla hakkille mum, so tawii ko e nder reedu nduu, so tawii reedu nduu ina waɗi mboros walla jom suudu mum, tawa kadi ko e sababuuji faggudu walla renndo. E hitaande 1983, Barbados ƴetti sariya ngam ustude reedu e nder safaara, ruttaade reedu waɗtaa e sariya, so wonaa e dow ɗaɓɓaande tawa cafroowo ina ƴeewa ɗum.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Abortion policies : a global review|url=https://archive.org/details/abortionpolicies0003unse|date=1992{{ndash}}1995|publisher=United Nations|others=United Nations. Department of Economic and Social Development., United Nations. Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis. Population Division.|isbn=9211513510|location=New York|oclc=26594264}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Menon|first=P.K.|date=July 1985|title=The Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act 1983 (Barbados)|journal=The International and Comparative Law Quarterly|volume=34|issue=3|pages=630–636|doi=10.1093/iclqaj/34.3.630|pmid=11658725}}</ref> Ko adii jonte 12 jibinannde, debbo oo ina foti heɓde yamiroore safroowo ngam heɓde ruttaade. <ref name=":03">{{Cite book|title=Abortion policies : a global review|url=https://archive.org/details/abortionpolicies0003unse|date=1992{{ndash}}1995|publisher=United Nations|others=United Nations. Department of Economic and Social Development., United Nations. Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis. Population Division.|isbn=9211513510|location=New York|oclc=26594264}}</ref>Hakkunde jonte 12 e 20, cafrooɓe ɗiɗo ina poti jaɓde, tato ina poti jaɓeede caggal jonte 20. Ko adii nde debbo oo heɓata safaara, ina foti heɓde wasiyaaji.'''<ref name=":04">{{Cite book|title=Abortion policies : a global review|url=https://archive.org/details/abortionpolicies0003unse|date=1992{{ndash}}1995|publisher=United Nations|others=United Nations. Department of Economic and Social Development., United Nations. Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis. Population Division.|isbn=9211513510|location=New York|oclc=26594264}}</ref>''' Cafroowo ina foti waɗde golle ruttaade, caggal jonte 12, ina foti waɗde ɗum e nder safrirde nde laamu jaɓi.<ref name=":02">{{Cite book|title=Abortion policies : a global review|url=https://archive.org/details/abortionpolicies0003unse|date=1992{{ndash}}1995|publisher=United Nations|others=United Nations. Department of Economic and Social Development., United Nations. Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis. Population Division.|isbn=9211513510|location=New York|oclc=26594264}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{Cite journal|last=Menon|first=P.K.|date=July 1985|title=The Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act 1983 (Barbados)|journal=The International and Comparative Law Quarterly|volume=34|issue=3|pages=630–636|doi=10.1093/iclqaj/34.3.630|pmid=11658725}}</ref> == Sariya joofgol reedu e safaara == E hitaande 1983, parlemaa Barbados ƴetti sariya ngam ustude reedu e nder safaara, ko ɗum haɗi ruttaade e reedu.[3] Billie Miller, debbo gadano won'de jaagorgal cellal to Barbados, waɗii kampaañ duuɓi jeeɗiɗi ngam hirjinde gollodiiɓe mum ngam ustude bonanndeeji safaara rewɓe.[3] Jaɓgol ngol sariya keso waɗii Barbados leydi gadani haalde Engele e nder Kariibi, ndi haɗata ruttaade e ɓiɗɗo.<ref name=":05">{{Cite book|title=Abortion policies : a global review|url=https://archive.org/details/abortionpolicies0003unse|date=1992{{ndash}}1995|publisher=United Nations|others=United Nations. Department of Economic and Social Development., United Nations. Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis. Population Division.|isbn=9211513510|location=New York|oclc=26594264}}</ref><ref name=":06">{{Cite book|title=Abortion policies : a global review|url=https://archive.org/details/abortionpolicies0003unse|date=1992{{ndash}}1995|publisher=United Nations|others=United Nations. Department of Economic and Social Development., United Nations. Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis. Population Division.|isbn=9211513510|location=New York|oclc=26594264}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == 0gcwf00mbghc3yaxsdz95jhc8lsyf1d 0 33345 180847 138112 2026-08-04T21:29:46Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180847 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lipoblast''' ko ƴiiƴam gonɗam e adiposit. Helmere woɗnde ina jeyaa heen adipoblast. e preadiposit. Daawe gadane ɗee ina pamɗi ko seerndataa e fibroblasteeji. Lipoblasteeji (kuɗol danewol) e lipositteeji (kuɗol ɓalewol), e nder ñawu lipoblastoma Lipoblasteeji (kuɗol danewol) e lipositteeji (kuɗol ɓalewol), e nder ñawu lipoblastoma Mikrogaraam holliroowo lipoblast (les-nano natal) e nder liposarkoma. H&E taƴre. Mikrogaraam holliroowo lipoblast (les-nano natal) e nder liposarkoma. H&E taƴre. Histopatoloji liposarkoma, taƴre H&E, e sifaaji ɓurɗi teeŋtude :- Ɓowɗi gonɗi e ƴiye mawɗe, hiperkromatik. - Ina wayi no adiposeeji ɗi ngalaa ɓuuɓri (ina mbaawi nanndude e no woorunoo). - Lipoblasteeji (multivakuolaaji), kono ɗi ngalaa nafoore, ɗi ngalaa ko ŋakki ngam ƴeewde liposarkoma. Histopatoloji liposarkoma, taƴre H&E, e sifaaji ɓurɗi teeŋtude : - Piɓaaji ƴiye jogiiɗi ƴiye mawɗe, hiperkromatik. - Ina wayi no adiposeeji ɗi ngalaa ɓuuɓri (ina mbaawi nanndude e no woorunoo). - Lipoblasteeji (multivakuolaaji), kono ɗi ngalaa nafoore, ɗi ngalaa ko ŋakki ngam ƴeewde liposarkoma. Histiyositteeji keewɗi lipid ina mbaawi nanndude e lipoblasteeji, kono ina njogii sitoplasma eosinofiil seeɗa e ɓuuɓri normokromatik tokosiri ndi ɓuuɓnaaka e ɓuuɓri lipid. Histiyositteeji keewɗi lipid ina mbaawi nanndude e lipoblasteeji, kono ina njogii sitoplasma eosinofiil seeɗa e ɓuuɓri normokromatik tokosiri ndi ɓuuɓnaaka e ɓuuɓri lipid. == Liposarkoma == Lipoblasteeji ina njiyee e liposarkoma, ina njogii sifaaji keewɗi sitoplasma laaɓɗo keewɗo vakuolaaji e mbaydi ɓaleeri (hiperkromatik), ɓuuɓndi. == Ƴeew kadi == == Adipogenesis == Poroteyin jokkondirɗo e feeñninde adipose == Lipoblastoma == Doggol sifaaji cellal neɗɗo keɓtinaaɗi e laabi gertooɗe == Tuugnorgal<ref name="YoungWheater2006">{{cite book|author1=Barbara Young|author2=Paul R. Wheater|title=Wheater's functional histology: a text and colour atlas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=88tla60sHAUC&pg=PA74|accessdate=18 April 2010|year=2006|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=978-0-443-06850-8|pages=74–}}</ref> <ref name="pmid10592389">{{cite journal|author=Dani C|title=Embryonic stem cell-derived adipogenesis|journal=Cells Tissues Organs (Print)|volume=165|issue=3–4|pages=173–80|year=1999|pmid=10592389|doi=10.1159/000016697|s2cid=41201445|url=http://content.karger.com/produktedb/produkte.asp?typ=fulltext&file=cto65173|url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="HenriksonKaye1997">{{cite book|author1=Ray C. Henrikson|author2=Gordon I. Kaye|author3=Joseph E. Mazurkiewicz|title=Histology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2i_ToCBIt8UC&pg=PA118|accessdate=18 April 2010|date=31 July 1997|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=978-0-683-06225-0|pages=118–}}</ref> == <ref name="PathologyOutlines">{{cite web|url=https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/softtissuewdliposarcoma.html%7Ctitle=Liposarcoma|author=Michael R. Clay, M.D.|website=PathologyOutlines|title=Liposarcoma}} Topic Completed: 1 November 2017. Minor changes: 11 May 2021</ref> - Spindle cells with enlarged, hyperchromatic nuclei. - Apparently univacuolated adipocytes (may look normal). - '''Lipoblasts''' (multivacuolated), but neither necessary nor sufficient for diagnosis of liposarcoma. File:Histology of a lipoblast-like histiocyte in fat necrosis.jpg|Lipid-laden [[Histiocyte|histiocytes]] may mimic lipoblasts, but have lightly eosinophilic cytoplasm and a small normochromatic nuclei which are not hollowed out from the lipid vacuoles.<ref>Image by Mikael Häggström, MD. Reference for findings: {{cite book|last=Gnepp|first=Douglas R.|title=Diagnostic Surgical Pathology of the Head and Neck|url=https://archive.org/details/diagnosticsurgic0000unse_d8i3|publisher=Saunders|publication-place=Philadelphia, PA|date=2009|isbn=978-1-4160-2589-4}}</ref> iq3kqoj8c74xeqsx9zfjej1dg9ncq3x 0 33352 181069 138156 2026-08-05T01:48:06Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181069 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Baagal yeesowal e nder jibinannde''' ko oon baagal ɓiɗɗo gorko jokkondirɗo e simfiis pubic yumma oo e nder jibinannde. E fawaade e ngonka ɓiɗɗo oo, ko ɓalndu nano walla ñaamo ina waawi wonde ɓalndu yeesooru. Ina anndaa ko ɓalndu yeesooru nde tawnoo ina fadi yeeso yumma. Ngolɗoo ceertugol hakkunde ɓalndu yeesooru e ɓalndu caggal ina waɗi nafoore sabu ɓalndu yeesooru nduu ina jibina ko adii. == Ƴeew kadi == == Baagal caggal == == Mekanik jibinannde == == Distosiya ɓalndu == == Jokkondiral fetel == == Tuugnorgal<ref>{{cite book|last=Archie|first=Carol L.|author2=Manoj K. Biswas|editor=Alan H. DeCherney|others=Lauren Nathan|title=Current Obstetric & Gynecologic Diagnosis & Treatment|url=https://archive.org/details/currentobstetric0000unse_h4q9|edition=Ninth|year=2003|publisher=Lange/McGraw-Hill|isbn=0-07-118207-1|pages=[https://archive.org/details/currentobstetric0000unse_h4q9/page/n239 218]|chapter=The Course & Conduct of Normal Labor & Delivery (Chapter 10)}}<!--|accessdate= 2008-06-16--></ref> == hksjr9bpu4joqx82xfnkn2ri9wxxj4s 0 33407 180827 138339 2026-08-04T21:13:16Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180827 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Kraniyoskisis''' (e ɗemngal Gerek: κρανιον kranion, "kaaƴe", e σχίσις skisis, "feccere") ko ŋakkeende tuubaaji nerwooji jokkondirɗi e hoore. Koppi ɗii uddataa laawol fof e ndeeɗoo mbaydi (haa teeŋti e nokku gonɗo e ɓalndu). Ko ɗum waɗi ndiyam ɗam ina naata e ngaandi, ina addana ɗum ustaade ngaandi, haa arti noon e anencephalie. Craniorachischisis woni ko e ŋorol gonngol e mbaydi disrafism, ɗo njuuteendi ƴiiƴam ɗam fof waawataa uddude. == Ƴeew kadi == == Rakisiis == == Ɓoornugol ɓalndu == == Tuugnorgal<ref name="Singh 2017 p. 359">{{cite book|last=Singh|first=D.R.|title=Essentials of Anatomy for Dentistry Students|publisher=Wolters Kluwer India Pvt. Limited|year=2017|isbn=978-93-5129-620-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=evbsDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA359|access-date=January 2, 2024|page=359}}</ref> <ref>{{cite book|title=Larsen's Human Embryology|url=https://archive.org/details/larsenshumanembr0000scho|date=2015|publisher=Churchill Livingstone|pages=[https://archive.org/details/larsenshumanembr0000scho/page/81 81]–107|edition=5}}</ref> == g8tzkusqmn0fqilo0uyx38xtamr9q64 0 33440 180903 138562 2026-08-04T22:32:49Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180903 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Stigma,''' ina wiyee kadi macula pellucida, e nder anatomi jibinannde mammal, ko nokku ɗo ƴiiƴam Graafian ɓuuɓtata e nder ƴiiƴam, yaltina ƴiiƴam ɗam. So ɓuuɓri ndii ina mawna, nokku hakkunde ɓuuɓri ndii e ɓalndu nduu fuɗɗotoo ko ɓuuɓde e leeltude e les njiimaandi hormon luteinizing e sitokineeji nokkuuji ɗii. E nder ɓuuɓri, stigma oo ina rutta, oosit ɗiɗaɓo oo yalta wondude e ƴiye granulosa taariiɗe ɗum, ummoraade e nokku cumulus oophorus, e ndiyam follikulaar. Oosit ɗiɗaɓo oo ina haani nanngeede e nder ƴiiƴam ɗo ƴiiƴam ɗam waawi jibinde ɗum. Ɓoornugol ngol maa sellu, ɓuuɓri heddii ndii waylee wonta korpus luteum. == Tuugnorgal<ref name="Thomas">{{cite book|title=Taber's Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary, Edition 18|url=https://archive.org/details/taberscyclopedic0000unse_t5i2|last=Thomas|first=Clayton L., M.D., M.P.H.|year=1993|publisher=F.A. Davis|isbn=0-8036-0194-8}}</ref> == ettv12huxa576musltcdtfwpbejfheu 0 33609 180824 139346 2026-08-04T21:07:11Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180824 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ventrikulektomi''', walla ustude ƴiiƴam, ko sifaa golle e nder seppooji ɓernde ngam ustude mawnugol ɓernde ummoraade e kardiyomiyopati walla peeñgol anewrisma iskemiik. E nder ɗeen peeje, feccere e ɓalndu nduu ina ƴettee. Laawol Batista ko feccere e ƴiiƴam ɓalndu nano, kuutorteeɗo ngam safrude ñawu ɓernde yahrude yeeso. Ngol laawol huutoraaka no feewi sabu batte mum ina keewi waasde welde.<ref name="kirklin">{{cite book|title=Kirklin/Barratt-Boyes Cardiac Surgery|url=https://archive.org/details/kirklinbarrattbo0000unse_b9s7|date=2013|publisher=Saunders|pages=792–808|edition=4}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Cardiovascular Pathology|date=2016|publisher=Elsevier|pages=271–339}}</ref> == Ƴeew kadi == * Dor laabi == Tuugnorgal == <references /> koivysop1e0lyzskd9q88mp6332pseu 0 33728 181151 139771 2026-08-05T03:03:57Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181151 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Toɓɓere ƴeewndo nafoore yeeso Wong-Baker''' ko toɓɓere nafoore nde Donna Wong e Connie Baker peewni.  Peeje ɗee ina kollita jeese keewɗe gila e jeese weltaare to 0, walla "alaa ko metti", haa e yeeso bojji e 10, ko ɗum hollirta "naafigaagal no mette ɓurɗe bonde miijaade".  Tuugnaade e jeese e sifaaji binndaaɗi, ñawɗo oo suɓotoo ko jeese ɓurɗe laaɓtude e tolno nafoore mum en.<ref>{{cite book|title=A practice of anesthesia for infants and children|url=https://archive.org/details/practiceofanesth0000unse_s5u6|last=Coté|first=Charles J.|author2=Jerrold Lerman|author3=I. David Todres|page=[https://archive.org/details/practiceofanesth0000unse_s5u6/page/940 940]|year=2009|publisher=[[Elsevier Health Sciences]]|isbn=978-1-4160-3134-5}}</ref>. Yeesooji 6 ina ngoodi e nder njuuteendi nafoore Wong-Baker.  Yeeso adanngo ngoo ina hollita tolno nafoore 0, ina hollita "alaa mette".  Yeeso ɗiɗaɓo ngoo ina hollita tolno nafoore 2, ina hollita "ina metti seeɗa".  Yeeso tataɓo ngoo ina hollita tolno nafoore 4, ina hollita "ina metti seeɗa".  Yeeso nayaɓo ngoo ina hollita tolno nafoore 6, ina hollita "ina ɓeydoo metteede".  Yeeso joyaɓo ngoo ina hollita tolno nafoore 8, ina hollita "hurts a whole lot" ;  yeeso jeegom ina hollita tolno nafoore 10, ina hollita "hurts worst".<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Drendel|first1=AL|last2=Kelly|first2=BT|last3=Ali|first3=S|title=Pain assessment for children: overcoming challenges and optimizing care.|journal=Pediatric Emergency Care|date=August 2011|volume=27|issue=8|pages=773–81|doi=10.1097/PEC.0b013e31822877f7|pmid=21822093|s2cid=11017123}}</ref> Ooɗoo tolno nafoore, ko sukaaɓe tan fuɗɗii feewnireede.  Kono ina waawi huutoreede e denndaangal ñawɓe yahrooɓe e duuɓi 3 e ko ɓuri ɗum.  Ina nafa sukaaɓe sabu ɓe mbaawataa faamde toɓɓere mette maɓɓe e tolno 0-10, kono ɓe mbaawa faamde jeese kartoŋaaji e miijooji ɗi ɓe njiylotoo ɗii, ɓe kollita heen "ɓurɗo yahdude e tolno mette maɓɓe".  Ooɗoo tolno nafoore ina moƴƴi kadi e ñawɓe ɓe nganndaa limde, e ɓe mbaawi wonde e ŋakkeende golle ngaandi.  Sensitibiliteeji pinal e tolno oo kadi ƴeewtaama ngam anndude kuutoragol mum e jaɓgol mum e nder pine ceertuɗe, e "wiɗtooji ina mballita sensibiliteeji pinal FACES wonande sukaaɓe Caucasian en, Afriknaaɓe-Ameriknaaɓe, Hispanik en, Thai, Sinuwaa en, e Japonnaaɓe".<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Drendel|first1=AL|last2=Kelly|first2=BT|last3=Ali|first3=S|title=Pain assessment for children: overcoming challenges and optimizing care.|journal=Pediatric Emergency Care|date=August 2011|volume=27|issue=8|pages=773–81|doi=10.1097/PEC.0b013e31822877f7|pmid=21822093|s2cid=11017123}}</ref> 155  == Tuugnorgal == <references /> 0xxo4c4sbwsyk6b664gucexezff5g8z 0 33732 180999 139788 2026-08-05T00:28:11Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180999 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Pinealectomy''' ko feere seppo nde ƴiiƴam pinewal ittaa. Ina waɗee tan e nder sahaaji seeɗa, ɗo pineositooma walla ɓuuɓri ƴiiƴam wonti ko ina addana neɗɗo warde nguurndam. <ref>{{cite book|last1=Arendt|first1=Josephine|title=Melatonin and the mammalian pineal gland|url=https://archive.org/details/melatoninmammali0000aren|date=1995|publisher=Chapman & Hall|location=London Weinheim|isbn=0412536005|page=[https://archive.org/details/melatoninmammali0000aren/page/204 204]|edition=1.}}</ref>[citation needed] Ƴeew kadi * Hipofisiktomi * Tiroyidektomi * Adrenalektomi * Doggol seppooji e sifaaji == Tuugnorgal == <references /> 96g0wrcrlvc61i1irq0tvzouso1i61x 0 33742 181014 139812 2026-08-05T00:49:10Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181014 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ƴeekirgol''' (VAS), sahaa e sahaa fof ina wiyee ƴulɓe ɓiɗɗo walla jarribo ƴulɓe ɓiɗɗo (FAST), ko huutoraade ƴulɓe sonndu dimmbotoondu e reedu debbo reedu ngam addande FHR (ɓurɗo ɓernde ɓiɗɗo) yaawde.  Heɓde yaawre FHR ina hollita e ko laaɓti wonde asidemi metabolik fetel alaa.  Ɓooygol vibroakustik ina heewi huutoreede e nder jarribo ngo alaa ko woni e mum (NST)..<ref name="isbn1-84214-333-6">{{cite book|author1=Chervenak, Frank A.|author2=Kurjak, Asim|title=Textbook of Perinatal Medicine, Second Edition (Two Volumes)|url=https://archive.org/details/textbookofperina0001unse_2ndedi|publisher=Informa Healthcare|year=2006|page=[https://archive.org/details/textbookofperina0001unse_2ndedi/page/963 963]|isbn=1-84214-333-6}}</ref><ref name="FHM">{{cite book|title=Fetal Heart Monitoring: Principles and Practices|url=https://archive.org/details/fetalheartmonito0000unse_4ed|last=Association of Women's Health, Obstetric, and Neonatal Nurses|author-link=AWHONN|editor=Audrey Lyndon, Linda Usher Ali|edition=3rd|year=2005|publisher=Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co|location=Dubuque, IA|isbn=978-0-7575-6234-1}}</ref> E hitaande 2013, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews hollitii wonde alaa ko selli e jarribooji baɗaaɗi ngam wallitde huutoraade ɗum ngam yuurnitaade wellitaare ɓiɗɗo e nder golle.  Kono tan, wiɗto Cochrane Review jowitiingo e ɗuum, hollitii wonde huutoraade ɗum e jarribooji baɗeteeɗi e jibinannde ina usta ŋakkeende kardiyotokogaraafi mo alaa ko waawi waɗde e sahaa jarribo oo fof..<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Tan|first1=K. H.|last2=Smyth|first2=R. M.|last3=Wei|first3=X.|editor1-last=Tan|editor1-first=Kelvin H|title=Fetal vibroacoustic stimulation for facilitation of tests of fetal wellbeing|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD002963.pub2|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|volume=2013|article-number=CD002963|year=2013|issue=12|pmid=24318543|pmc=11500819}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> t7o9i4kyqoofyf887eiwc9bip6duixp 0 33757 181085 139861 2026-08-05T02:01:23Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181085 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Refleks tonik wuddu simmetiri''' (STNR) ko refleks primitif mo heewi feeñde e lewru adanndu nguurndam cukalel, ina ustoo so duuɓi mum njahrata e lebbi 9–10. Ko ɓuuɓri ngaandi (reflexe bridging) walla mbayliigu (transitionnel) woni daawal ƴellitaare teeŋtungal, ina haani cukalel ngel waawa waylude gila e lelnude e dow leydi, fayde e ŋoŋɗude walla yahde e koyɗe nay. Ngam yahrude yeeso haa ɓurta ndee ɗoo daawal ƴellitaare, ɓiɗɗo oo ina foti wonde ko o baawɗo seerndude dille otomatik hoore ndee e dille otomatik juuɗe e koyɗe.<ref name="ndcbrain stnr">{{cite web|last1=O'Dell|first1=Nancy|title=The Symmetric Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR)|url=http://www.ndcbrain.com/articles/SymmetricTonicNeckReflex.pdf|website=NDC Brain.com|publisher=Pediatric Neuropsychology Diagnostic and Treatment Center|accessdate=9 March 2017}}</ref> STNR ina heewi ƴellitaade haa timma e nder lebbi 6–8, ina ustoo no feewi e nder duuɓi 2–3. So tawii ndeeɗoo refleks ina jogaa ko ɓuri duuɓi 2–3 haa nde "wayli dille yiɗde", cukalel ngel ina hiisee wonde ina jogii "ƴellitaare refleks nde alaa ɗo haaɗi", ɗum noon ina waawi addude batte keewɗe e ƴellitaare cukalel ngel caggal ɗuum.<ref>{{cite book|title=Teaching Motor Skills to Children with Cerebral Palsy and Similar Movement Disorders: A Guide for Parents and Professionals|url=https://archive.org/details/teachingmotorski0000mart|author1=Sieglinde Martin|author2=M S|author3=P T|year=2006|publisher=Woodbine House|isbn=1-890627-72-0}}</ref> == Fotde == Refleks wuddu tonik simmetiri ina waawi ƴeewteede e waɗde cukalel ngel e dow leydi, tawa ina ɓuuɓna hoore ndee e dow leydi, tawa ina ɓuuɓna hoore ndee yeeso, caggal ɗuum ina yaajina ɗum caggal. Jaabawol ɗaminaangol ngol wonata ko ɓuuɓgol hoore yeeso ina addana ɓuuɓgol terɗe toowɗe e yaajnude terɗe lesɗe tawa ɓuuɓnugol hoore maa addan yaajde terɗe toowɗe e ɓuuɓnude terɗe lesɗe. == Maanaa == Ndeeɗoo refleks ina waawi wallude cukalel ngel arde e ngonka koyɗe nay walla ŋoral kono haɗataa ŋoral sabu so wutte oo ɓuuɓtii yeeso, terɗe toowɗe ɗee ɓuuɓtoo, terɗe les ɗee njaha e yaajde. Ndeeɗoo feere yiyataa no feewi walla yaltinaaka e sukaaɓe tokosɓe kono ina waawi yiyeede e mbaadi ɓurndi yaawde e sukaaɓe heewɓe wonduɓe e mboros cerebral palsy.[citation needed] == Ƴeew kadi == Refleks wuddu tonik asimetrik == Tuugnorgal == i8z2szz625jd2u3o4tojvy6i4z1n62i 0 33772 180989 139926 2026-08-05T00:05:59Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180989 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Fannu opereeji''', ina wiyee kadi fannu seppo, ko nokku steril keeriiɗo ɗo seppo waɗata. Ina heewi huutoreede ngam ustude baasal caggal nde neɗɗo selli, tee ina fadi ɓeydude kattanɗe e nder seppooji. Lesɗingol caɗeele caggal seppo ina jokkondiri kadi e laaɓal nokku seppo.<ref>{{cite web|title=operating field|url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/operating+field|website=TheFreeDictionary.com|access-date=6 February 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Preparation of the operating field|url=https://deltamed.pro/en/news/preparation-of-the-operating-field|website=Delta MED|access-date=6 February 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Eisner|first1=Georg|title=Eye Surgery|url=https://archive.org/details/eyesurgeryintrod0000eisn|chapter=Preparation of the Operating Field|date=1990|pages=[https://archive.org/details/eyesurgeryintrod0000eisn/page/119 119]–132|doi=10.1007/978-3-642-71799-4_5|isbn=978-3-642-71801-4}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Liu|first1=Daochang|last2=Jiang|first2=Tingting|last3=Wang|first3=Yizhou|last4=Miao|first4=Rulin|last5=Shan|first5=Fei|last6=Li|first6=Ziyu|date=November 2020|title=Clearness of operating field: a surrogate for surgical skills on in vivo clinical data|url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11548-020-02267-z|journal=International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery|language=en|volume=15|issue=11|pages=1817–1824|doi=10.1007/s11548-020-02267-z|pmid=33044734|s2cid=222279924|issn=1861-6410|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Birkmeyer|first1=John D.|last2=Finks|first2=Jonathan F.|last3=O'Reilly|first3=Amanda|last4=Oerline|first4=Mary|last5=Carlin|first5=Arthur M.|last6=Nunn|first6=Andre R.|last7=Dimick|first7=Justin|last8=Banerjee|first8=Mousumi|last9=Birkmeyer|first9=Nancy J.O.|date=2013-10-10|title=Surgical Skill and Complication Rates after Bariatric Surgery|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|language=en|volume=369|issue=15|pages=1434–1442|doi=10.1056/NEJMsa1300625|pmid=24106936|issn=0028-4793|doi-access=free}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> e2kitp1ngr0eul6pxkzvwjmjpklspns 0 33775 181134 139934 2026-08-05T02:49:25Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181134 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Neuraxial blockade''' ko anestetik nokkuyankeewo waɗeteeɗo e saraaji nerfuuji gonɗi e nder ɓalndu, ko wayi no anestetik ɓalndu, anestetik caudal, anestetik epidural, e anestetik ɓalndu e epidural kawraaɗo. Feere ndee ina huutoree e seppooji, e nder jibinannde, e ngam ustude ɓuuɓri caggal seppooji e ɓuuɓri gonndi e ɓuuɓri.<ref>{{cite book|title=Miller's Anesthesia|url=https://archive.org/details/millersanesthesi0002unse|date=2015|publisher=Elsevier|pages=1684–1720|edition=8}}</ref><ref name="Unyime2022">{{cite web|last1=Ituk|first1=Unyime|last2=Wong|first2=Cynthia A|title=Overview of neuraxial anesthesia|work=[[UpToDate]]|publisher=Wolters Kluwer|location=Philadelphia|year=2022|url=https://www.uptodate.com/contents/overview-of-neuraxial-anesthesia|url-access=subscription|accessdate=18 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Basics of Anesthesia|date=2018|publisher=Elsevier|pages=272–302|edition=7}}</ref> == Ƴeew kadi == * Daartol anestetik neuraksiyal == Tuugnorgal == <references /> hlahibovrt29radk0p8q98p72ehgh4i 0 33782 181054 139995 2026-08-05T01:30:27Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181054 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Feere Ashby''' ko feere ngam anndude keewal e nguurndam ƴiiƴam mboɗejam e nder aadee, ko Doktoor Winifred Ashby yaltini ɗum e hitaande 1919. Feere ndee ko waɗde ƴiiƴam mboɗejam dokkuɗo ƴiiƴam gonɗam e fedde ƴiiƴam ceertunde e nder neɗɗo keɓoowo, caggal ɗuum ƴeewndo ƴiiƴam waɗaa sahaa e sahaa fof. Ndeen noon, <ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1084/jem.29.3.267|last=Winifred|first=Ashby|year=1919|journal=J Exp Med|volume=29|issue=3|pages=267–281|pmid=19868318|pmc=2126347|title=The Determination of the Length of Life of Transfused Blood Corpuscles in Man}}</ref> différentiel de cellules rouges ina huutoree ngam anndude limoore ƴiye dokkooje heddiiɗe ɗee, ɗuum ina addana anndude tolno nguurndam. Nde hawraani e karallaagal raajo-isotopeeji, ko nde karallaagal gadanal ngam tabitinde nguurndam ƴiiƴam mboɗejam laaɓtuɗam. Haa teeŋti noon, ƴiiƴam mbaydi O ina adii waɗeede e yimɓe mbaydi A walla B. E nder ƴiiƴam caggal ɗuum, ƴiiƴam ñawɗo oo e hoore mum A e B ina ittaa e aglutination e serum anti-A walla anti-B. Limre heddiiɓe e ƴiye Tipe O ɗe ngonaa agglutinated ko gollal sahaa ina siftina keewal nguurndam ƴiye ƴiiƴam. Ndee feere huutoraama no feewi e wolde adunaare ɗimmere e ko juuti caggal ɗuum kono ko ɓooyaani koo lomtinaama e feereeji limtooji ƴiiƴam neɗɗo, sabu batte kuutoragol ƴiiƴam dokkoowo.<ref name="lichtman">{{cite book|last=Lichtman|first=Marshall|title=Williams Hematology|url=https://archive.org/details/williamshematolo0007unse_f8f3|publisher=McGraw-Hill Professional|date=2005-10-14|edition=7th|isbn=978-0-07-143591-8}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == jyy0upotzs5amukof167tunys2qd7t5 0 33803 180858 140058 2026-08-04T21:48:55Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180858 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Refleks biseps''' ko jarribo luggiɗngo (DTR) (anndiraango kadi jarribo refleks muscle-stretch) ƴeewndotooɗo golle arc refleks C5 e arc refleks C6. Test oo waɗata ko e huutoraade martolin tendon ngam yaawde ɓuuɓnude tendon biceps brachii nde rewata e fossa cubital. E teskaade, jarribo ngoo ina huutoroo ƴeewndorɗe ɓuuɓɗe nder ɓalndu biceps brachii jokkondirɗe ko ɓuri heewde e nerwel ɓalndu C5 e feccere e nerwel ɓalndu C6 ngam addande ɓalndu nduu ɓuuɓde e ɓuuɓtude junngo yeeso.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=12XW-oGWr4IC&dq=Biceps+reflex+test&pg=PA495|title=Professional Guide to Assessment|date=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=978-1-58255-403-7|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Weiner2010">{{cite book|author=William J. Weiner|title=Neurology for the Non-Neurologist|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eQa9c3-roD8C&pg=PA499|accessdate=4 July 2011|date=30 July 2010|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=978-1-60547-239-3|pages=499–}}</ref> Kosam tiiɗɗam ina hollita ɓuuɓol "yaawngol", ɓuuɓol ngol alaa semmbe walla ngol alaa, ina anndiraa "diminished". Reflekseeji jaawɗi walla ɗi ngalaa ina kuutoree ngam anndude nokku ɗo ñawu nguu woni ɗoo. Ko ɓuri heewde, reflekseeji jaawɗi ina tawee e ɓuuɓri neronuuji mooftuɗi toowɗi, reflekseeji ɗi ngalaa walla ustiiɗi ina tawee e ɓuuɓri neronuuji mooftuɗi lesɗi.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Allen|first1=Connie|title=Laboratory manual for anatomy and physiology|last2=Harper|first2=Valerie|date=2011|publisher=Wiley|isbn=978-0-470-59890-0|edition=4|location=Hoboken, N.J|pages=291}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Magee|first=David J.|title=Orthopedic physical assessment|url=https://archive.org/details/orthopedicphysic0000mage_s7k2|date=2008|publisher=Saunders|isbn=978-0-7216-0571-5|edition=5|location=Philadelphia, Pa. London|pages=[https://archive.org/details/orthopedicphysic0000mage_s7k2/page/180 180]}}</ref> Waylo-waylo e nder refleks biceps ina hollita pathogenesis to tolno nerwel musculocutaneous, segment C5/6 walla e won e nokkuuji dow mum e nder ɓalndu walla ngaandi.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Weber|first1=Janet|title=Health Assessment in Nursing|url=https://archive.org/details/healthassessment0004webe|last2=Kelley|first2=Jane|publisher=Wolters Kluwer Health / Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|year=2010|isbn=9780781781602|pages=588}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == g5hlq60nlv84mjfb6tc6xwik6bsxx7g 0 33866 180882 140313 2026-08-04T22:13:40Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180882 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Njaajeendi suukara CSF/serum, anndiraandi kadi njuuteendi suukara CSF/ƴiiƴam''', ko peeje kuutorteeɗe ngam ƴeewndaade suukara CSF e suukara ƴiiƴam.<ref name="isbn0-07-140816-9">{{cite book |author=Karen Roos|title=Principles of neurologic infectious diseases|url=https://archive.org/details/principlesofneur0000unse_s4e5|publisher=McGraw-Hill, Medical Pub. Division|location=New York|year=2005|pages=[https://archive.org/details/principlesofneur0000unse_s4e5/page/4 4]|isbn=0-07-140816-9}}</ref> Sabu bakteriiji keewɗi ina mbayla suukara, kadi sabu jokkere enɗam hakkunde ƴiiƴam e ngaandi ina famɗitina jokkere enɗam, njuuteendi ndii ina waawi naftoraade ngam anndude so tawii ina woodi mboros bakteriiji e nder CSF.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Tamune H|display-authors=etal|year=2014|title=Cerebrospinal fluid/blood glucose ratio as an indicator for bacterial meningitis|journal=Am J Emerg Med|volume=32|issue=3|pages=263–6|pmid=24361137|doi=10.1016/j.ajem.2013.11.030}}</ref> Rajo no woorunoo ko 0,6. Ina huutoree ngam seerndude meninjaasi bakteriiji e meninjaasi viral, sibu ina heewi ustaade e meninjaasi bakteriiji, ina heewi ustaade e meninjaasi viral. == Tuugnorgal == o0e651ipxfqnnv4frag8j5rv480tkoj 0 33870 180830 140326 2026-08-04T21:16:35Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180830 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Sistouretrogaraafi''' ko feere safaara radiyoo, fluoroskopi, huutorteende ngam yiytude e ƴeewtaade ƴiiƴam e ƴiiƴam. Sistouretrogrammeeji ɓuuɓɗi e ɓuuɓɗi ina mballita e ƴeewde mborosaaji lesɗi, refluks, fistulaaji tuumaaɗi, e ƴeewde mborosaaji gonɗi e nder reedu. Hoto ƴeewndo magnetik (MRI) lomtii ngalɗoo kuutorgal ƴeewndo sabu ɓeydagol maggal. Ndee feere ƴeewndo ina huutoree ngam anndude hidronefrose, anomaaliiji ɓuuɓɗi, e ñawuuji ƴiiƴam e nder sukaaɓe. ko aldaa e sago..<ref>{{cite web|url=http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cystourethrography|title=cystourethrography|publisher=|via=The Free Dictionary}}</ref> Sisouretrogaraafi ina waɗi sistouretrogaraam ɓuuɓɗo (VCUG) e sisouretrogaraam ɓuuɓɗo (PPUG).[citation needed] == Caɗeele == "Ɗee caɗeele baawɗe heɓtaade e nder jinnaaɓe ɗiɗo ɓee fof ina jeyaa heen UTI, hematuria, cystitis kam e ŋakkeende golle ƴiiƴam caggal kateter, fobiya ƴiiƴam, nocturia, e dartinde ƴiiƴam. E nder binndanɗe, baasal hakkille ummoriingal e VCUG ina sikkaa ko gootum e haajuuji bonɗi, haa teeŋti noon."<ref name="Hoffman2012">{{cite book |last=Hoffman|first=Barbara|title=Williams gynecology|url=https://archive.org/details/williamsgynecolo0000unse|publisher=McGraw-Hill Medical|location=New York|year=2012|isbn=9780071716727|pages=[https://archive.org/details/williamsgynecolo0000unse/page/49 49]–50}}</ref>.<ref name="FernbachFeinstein2000">{{cite journal|last1=Fernbach|first1=Sandra K.|last2=Feinstein|first2=Kate A.|last3=Schmidt|first3=Mary Beth|title=Pediatric Voiding Cystourethrography: A Pictorial Guide1|journal=RadioGraphics|volume=20|issue=1|year=2000|pages=155–168|issn=0271-5333|doi=10.1148/radiographics.20.1.g00ja12155|pmid=10682779}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == t2g9qk0743fji63lguvpl23jk1k4ycr 0 33905 180918 140549 2026-08-04T22:50:48Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180918 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Functio laesa, anndiraa tan''' ko dysfunction ko helmere huutorteende e nder safaara ngam wiyde ŋakkeende golle walla ŋakkeende golle.<ref name="pmid5276838">{{cite journal |author=Rather LJ|title=Disturbance of function (functio laesa): The legendary fifth cardinal sign of inflammation, added by Galen to the four cardinal signs of Celsus|journal=Bull N Y Acad Med|volume=47|issue=3|pages=303–22|date=March 1971|pmid=5276838|pmc=1749862}}</ref> Ko Galen anndini ɗum maande joyaɓere ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓndi, o ɓeydi heen maandeeji nay ɗi Celsus anndini ɗii (tumor, rubor, calor, e dolor).<ref name="isbn0-7817-7087-4">{{cite book |author=Porth, Carol|title=Essentials of pahtophysiology: concepts of altered health states|url=https://archive.org/details/essentialsofpath0000port_q5q3|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|location=Hagerstown, MD|year=2007|pages=[https://archive.org/details/essentialsofpath0000port_q5q3/page/270 270]|isbn=978-0-7817-7087-3}}</ref> Sifaa Galen ina luulndii, tee ina heewi sifaade ɗum e Thomas Sydenham e Rudolf Virchow.<ref name="pmid52768382" /><ref name="isbn0-300-11322-6">{{cite book |author=Dormandy, Thomas|title=The worst of evils: man's fight against pain|publisher=Yale University Press|location=New Haven, Conn|year=2006|pages=[https://archive.org/details/worstofevilsmans00dorm/page/22 22]|isbn=0-300-11322-6|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/worstofevilsmans00dorm/page/22}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal<ref name="isbn0-300-11322-62">{{cite book |author=Dormandy, Thomas|title=The worst of evils: man's fight against pain|publisher=Yale University Press|location=New Haven, Conn|year=2006|pages=[https://archive.org/details/worstofevilsmans00dorm/page/22 22]|isbn=0-300-11322-6|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/worstofevilsmans00dorm/page/22}}</ref><ref name="isbn0-7817-9516-8">{{cite book |author1=David Lowell Strayer|author2=Raphael Rubin|title=Rubin's Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundations of Medicine 5th Edition|url=https://archive.org/details/rubinspathologyc0000unse_d1b7|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|location=Hagerstown, MD|year=2007|pages=[https://archive.org/details/rubinspathologyc0000unse_d1b7/page/37 37]|isbn=978-0-7817-9516-6}}</ref> == sw33a20bf1ofmgqcxebiyauysmffl9m 0 33907 181142 140555 2026-08-05T02:55:09Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181142 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Nodule Gandy–Gamna walla''' ɓalli Gandy-Gamna, sahaa e sahaa fof ina wiyee ɓalli Gamna-Gandy walla nodule Gamna-Gandy, ko ɓuuɓri tokosiri, daneeji, walla daneeji, tawaaɗi e nder ɓalndu e ñawɓe wonduɓe e ɓalndu mawndu sabu ñawu portal cell sick. Eɗe mbaɗi ƴiye fiɓnde jogiiɗe ɓuuɓri hemosiderin e kalsiyum, ina gasa tawa ɗe peeñata ko sabu ɓuuɓri e nokkuuji ɗo ƴiiƴam tokosam perivaskulaar. Ɗe njiyata ko e ƴeewndo MRI sabu woodgol hemosiderin. Ina mbaawi kadi yiyeede e miksomaaji atrial. Ɓe inniraa ko Sarles Gandi e Karlos Gamna. == Tuugnorgal<ref name="KuntzKuntz2009">{{cite book|last1=Kuntz|first1=Erwin|last2=Kuntz|first2=Hans-Dieter|title=Hepatology: Textbook and Atlas|url=https://archive.org/details/hepatologytextbo0000kunt|date=11 March 2009|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|language=English|isbn=9783540768395|page=[https://archive.org/details/hepatologytextbo0000kunt/page/253 253]|quote=Prolonged portal hypertention sometimes leads to the formation of Gamna-Gandy nodules.}}<!--|accessdate=3 December 2015--></ref><ref>[http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?Gandy-Gamna+bodies Gandy-Gamna bodies] at Mondofacto online medical dictionary</ref>.<ref>{{cite journal|pmid=2672093|doi=10.1148/radiology.172.3.2672093|volume=172|title=Gamna-Gandy bodies of the spleen: evaluation with MR imaging|year=1989|author=Sagoh T, Itoh K, Togashi K, Shibata T, Nishimura K, Minami S, Asato R, Noma S, Fujisawa I, Yamashita K|journal=Radiology|issue=3|pages=685–7}}</ref> == n16w5jzuqpzh9aayt8f367tu9o2xjvq 0 33908 181107 140559 2026-08-05T02:19:55Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181107 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Atresia gastrique''' ko ñawu jibinaangu, tawi ina usta ɓuuɓri timmundi e nder reedu. == Uja == Atresia reedu ko ñawu jibinannde. Ina waawi wonde renndo, ronkaama e mbaadi mbayliigu otosomal, tawa ina jokkondiri e ngonkaaji ko wayi no sindrom Down e epidermolisis bullosa (safaara). Hedde 60% e ñawɓe ɓee, yaltirde reedu ina suddii ɓuuɓri. Hedde 35% e ñawɓe ɓee, ƴiye tiiɗɗe ina kaɗa yaltude. E nder heddiiɓe ɓee (ko famɗi fof 10%), ina waɗi seerndi reedu e ɓalndu tokoosru timmundu.<ref name="pmid13786876">{{cite journal|last=Wurtenberger|first=H.|title=Gastric Atresia|journal=Archives of Disease in Childhood|date=1 April 1961|volume=36|issue=186|pages=161–163|doi=10.1136/adc.36.186.161|pmid=13786876|pmc=2012745}}</ref> == Ñawu nguu == Polihidramnios ina heewi yiyeede e nder reedu, tee ina heewi ƴeewteede ko adii jibineede. Cukalel gonngel e atresia reedu maa hollir ɓuuɓri doole e ñamri adanndi. Imaging ina ɗaɓɓiree ngam ƴeewndaade.<ref name="feldman">{{cite book |last1=Feldman|first1=Mark|title=Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease|url=https://archive.org/details/sleisengerfordtr0001unse_j3q3|date=2016|publisher=Elsevier|pages=[https://archive.org/details/sleisengerfordtr0001unse_j3q3/page/801 801]–803|edition=10}}</ref> In about 60% of cases, the outlet of the stomach is covered by a [[membrane]]. In around 35% of cases, solid tissue blocks the outlet. In the remaining cases (less than 10%), there is a complete separation of the stomach and the [[small intestine]].<ref name="avery">{{cite book |title=Avery's Diseases of the Newborn|date=2018|publisher=Elsevier|pages=1039–1053|edition=10}}</ref> == Hurgol == Safaara oo ko seppo, ina waɗi ittude walla woppude ɓuuɓri ndii. == Epidemiyoloji == Ina yiyee e ko ina tolnoo e 1 e nder 100 000 jibinannde wuurnde. == Tuugnorgal == 017my09m07k7xl3c9x28r3v9bzbeup9 0 33931 180940 140712 2026-08-04T23:13:48Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180940 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Test scratch heege''' (anndiraango kadi test Lazar) ko feere nde safrooɓe kuutortoo e nder ƴeewndo ɓanndu ngam anndude keeri lesɗi heeñere ngam ɓadtaade mawneeki heeñere ñawɗo. Feere ndee fuɗɗii ko e Burton-Opitz e hitaande 1925 ɗo nde huutoraa ngam anndude silsil ɓernde, kono ina woodi tuugnorgal feere nanndunde e nde huutortenoo ko adii ɗuum. Test ɓuuɓri heege ina waawi huutoreede so tawii karallaagal ƴeewndo goɗɗal kuutorteengal ngam ɓadtaade njaajeendi heege ina ŋakki walla ina ŋakki, ina sikkaa ina ɓuri nafoore so tawii reedu nduu ina yaaji, ina ɓuuɓi no feewi ngam ƴeewde no feewi, so tawii ƴiye reedu ɗee ina tiiɗi no feewi, walla so tawii ñawɗo oo ina ɓuuɓi..<ref name=":12" /><ref>{{Cite book|title=Schiff's diseases of the liver|others=Schiff, Eugene R.,, Maddrey, Willis C.,, Reddy, K. Rajender|date=8 September 2017|isbn=978-1-119-25125-5|edition=Twelfth|location=Chichester, West Sussex|oclc=1003854948}}</ref> == Teknik == Test ɓuuɓri heeñere ko sifaa percussion auscultatoire kuutortooɗo ceertugol jolngo sonndu hakkunde terɗe tiiɗɗe e terɗe ɓuuɓɗe e nder reedu ngam yiytude ŋorol les heeñere. Fooyre ndee ɓuri waɗeede ko e waɗde stetoskop les ɓuuɓri xiphoid e ɓuuɓnude seeɗa ɓalndu nduu e dow ŋoral heeñere ɗaminaande ndee. Ƴeewoowo oo fuɗɗotoo ko ɓuuɓde e ŋoral les reedu ñaamowal e dow ŋoral hakkunde ŋoral, o diwa dow haa daande ndee ɓeydoo ɓuuɓde no feewi. Ooɗoo nokku ɗo ɓuuɓri auscultation ɓeydotoo ɗoon e ɗoon, ina maantiniree no feewi, ko ɓuuɓri les heeñere ndee, ndeen noon ina waawi huutoreede ngam anndude mawneeki heeñere ndee fof. Feereeji keewɗi e ƴeewndo ngoo ina ngoodi kadi ina heen jokkondire stetoskop ceertuɗe ko wayi no dow marge costal walla heeñere, percussing reedu e nokku ɓuuɓɗo, walla ɓuuɓnude e mbaadiiji ceertuɗi i.e. cirkulaar walla lateral directions.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Bundrick|first=John B.|date=November 2009|title=The Rational Clinical Examination: Evidence-Based Clinical Diagnosis|journal=Mayo Clinic Proceedings|volume=84|issue=11|pages=1045|doi=10.1016/S0025-6196(11)60683-6|issn=0025-6196|pmc=2770929}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=McGee, Steven R.|title=Evidence-based physical diagnosis|url=https://archive.org/details/evidencebasedphy003edmcge|date=2012|publisher=Elsevier/Saunders|isbn=978-1-4377-2207-9|edition=3rd|location=Philadelphia|oclc=793588303}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Huelsen|first1=Alexander|last2=Fischer|first2=Jesse|last3=Hegarty|first3=Justin|last4=Ashcroft|first4=Anna|last5=Frampton|first5=Christopher Ma|last6=Barclay|first6=Murray L.|date=2016-12-02|title=The scratch test for identifying the lower liver edge is at least as accurate as percussion and is significantly more effective for young trainees-a randomised comparative trial|journal=The New Zealand Medical Journal|volume=129|issue=1446|pages=53–63|issn=1175-8716|pmid=27906919}}</ref> == Luural == Hay so tawii ina heewi janngeede e janngooɓe safaara, nafoore ƴeewndo ƴiiƴam heeñere e nder ƴeewndo ɓanndu reedu ina luurdi sabu e daartol ngol waɗii ko boni. So tawii ina miijanoo woppude jarribo ngoo haa laaɓa cer, won wiɗtooji kollitii wonde jarribo ƴaañorgal ngal ko famɗi fof ina laaɓti no feewi no percussion nii e nder anndinde ŋorol heeñere ndee, kadi ina ɓuri laaɓtude wonande sukaaɓe janngooɓe ɓee. == Tuugnorgal<ref>{{Cite journal |last=O'Kelly|first=Aebhric|title=Improvised Medicine: Aebhric O'Kelly on the scratch test|url=https://corom.org/the-compass-newsletter/|journal=The Compass|date=17 April 2024|publisher=[[College of Remote and Offshore Medicine]]|issue=Summer|pages=11}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=Mosby's guide to physical examination|url=https://archive.org/details/mosbysguidetophy0000unse_no7|date=2011|publisher=Mosby/Elsevier|others=Seidel, Henry M.|isbn=978-0-323-05570-3|edition=7th|location=St. Louis, Mo.|oclc=501274024}}</ref> == 3aevdq2izy24wwqatoxas70bn9j5xtb 0 33946 181104 140781 2026-08-05T02:19:20Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181104 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Aspiration''' splénique ko ittude ndiyam e nder ɓalndu, ko heewi heen ko huutoraade ƴiiƴam laaɓɗam.<ref name="Haferlach">{{Google books|tasSTtppzu0C|title=Splenic Aspiration|page=6}} in {{cite book |doi=10.1007/3-540-27016-7_1|chapter=Techniques of Specimen Collection and Preparation|editor1-last=Löffler|editor1-first=Helmut|editor2-last=Rastetter|editor2-first=Johann|editor3-last=Haferlach|editor3-first=Torsten|title=Atlas of Clinical Hematology|url=https://archive.org/details/atlasofclinicalh0000loff|date=2005|pages=[https://archive.org/details/atlasofclinicalh0000loff/page/3 3]–6|isbn=978-3-540-21013-9}}</ref> Ina famɗi ɗo ɗum huutortee e safaara hannde. Ina hollitee tan e sahaaji hipersplenism, walla e sahaaji goɗɗi ɗi mawnugol ɓalndu ngol laaɓtaani. Teknik Moeschlin ko feere huutorteende ngam waɗde aspiraasiyoŋ ƴiiƴam. Ina woodi ciimtol huutoraade ngalɗoo karallaagal e ñawɓe kala azar. == Tuugnorgal == <references /> d11q4ybi89dawwf2vlcma0i8aeag2ml 0 33987 180954 141063 2026-08-04T23:32:06Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180954 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Laawol Darrach walla distal ulna resection''' ko feere seppo ngam ittude hoore ulna e seppo. Ina waɗee e sahaaji ɓuuɓri gonndi e radial–ulnar e ŋakkeende dartagol. Laawol styloid e jokkondire muskulaaji ina keddii e mbaydi. Lowre e ŋakkeende darnde ina mbaawi ƴellitaade caggal nde golle ɗee mbaɗi. Ɓuri moƴƴude ko e ñawɓe mawɓe ɓe ɗaɓɓaande ɓalli mum en ina famɗi.<ref>{{cite book |title=Plastic Surgery: Volume 6: Hand and Upper Extremity|date=2018|publisher=Elsevier|pages=398–439|edition=4}}</ref>.<ref>{{cite book |title=Principles of Hand Surgery and Therapy|url=https://archive.org/details/principlesofhand0000thom|date=2017|publisher=Elsevier|pages=[https://archive.org/details/principlesofhand0000thom/page/117 117]–143|edition=3}}</ref>.<ref>{{cite book |title=Green's Operative Hand Surgery|date=2017|publisher=Elsevier|pages=479–515|edition=7}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == p0xbvx9axpbc6fi7i9n6ij9ezz2lu85 0 34017 181136 141174 2026-08-05T02:50:39Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181136 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Caggal lomtingol hippoode''', nokkuuji poroteyiin hippoode ko nokkuuji gonɗi e nder jokkondire hakkunde huunde poroteyiin e ƴiye taariiɗe ɗum. Ɗee kuutortee ko no diiwanuuji tuugnorgal so ina cifa yeru caɗeele ina heen loowdi hip prosthesis e dow natal safaara. Konngol caggal opereeji caggal opereeji lomtingol hippoode ina waɗee no feewi e radiyoo (radiographie) e nder yiyngooji anteroposterior e lateral.<ref name="Callaghan20072">[https://books.google.com/books?id=-fwULYB1gJIC&pg=PA958 Page 958] in {{cite book|title=The Adult Hip, Volume 1|url=https://archive.org/details/adulthip0000unse|author=John J. Callaghan, Aaron G. Rosenberg, Harry E. Rubash|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|year=2007|isbn=9780781750929}}</ref> == DeLee e Charnley == Siistem DeLee e Charnley ina huutoree e kopporeeje asetabular e dow radiyoo-ɓaawoore. Ina fecca asetabulum oo e nokkuuji tati potɗi mawnude.<ref name="Callaghan2007" />.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Neumann|first1=Daniel R.P.|last2=Thaler|first2=Christoph|last3=Hitzl|first3=Wolfgang|last4=Huber|first4=Monika|last5=Hofstädter|first5=Thomas|last6=Dorn|first6=Ulrich|title=Long-Term Results of a Contemporary Metal-on-Metal Total Hip Arthroplasty|journal=The Journal of Arthroplasty|volume=25|issue=5|year=2010|pages=700–708|issn=0883-5403|doi=10.1016/j.arth.2009.05.018|pmid=19596544}}</ref> == Gruen == Zoneeji Gruen ko feere peccitagol hakkunde ƴiyal e ƴiye gonɗe e ɓalndu. == Sifaa Zone == I Trokanter mawɗo II III IV Distal haa tip V VI VII Trokanter tokooso == Tuugnorgal == kq6unb3dj94g27em7ohnrljsuu9nohb 0 34024 181133 141195 2026-08-05T02:47:10Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181133 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''E nder seppooji ortopedi, jarribo''' taƴngo lunotriquetral walla manoore taƴgol lunotriquetral ina waɗi dartinde lunate hakkunde wuttulo e wuttulo junngo wooto e triquetrum hakkunde wuttulo e wuttulo junngo ngoɗngo. Pisiforme e triquetrum ina njuutee e bannge palmar haa e bannge ɓalndu. Ɓooygol e ooɗoo nokku ina hollita wonde ina waawi bonnude ƴiye hakkunde ƴiye lunotriquetral.<ref>{{cite book|title=Orthopedic physical assessment|url=https://archive.org/details/orthopedicphysic0000mage_s7k2|first=David J.|last=Magee|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|year=2007|isbn=978-0-7216-0571-5}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == f2ok67ohknp2h8ugq9czu947icbhjz9 0 34632 180983 145904 2026-08-04T23:59:24Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 3 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180983 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Attenuated psychose syndrome''' (APS) <ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Zachar|first1=Peter|last2=First|first2=Michael B.|last3=Kendler|first3=Kenneth S.|date=2020|title=The DSM-5 proposal for attenuated psychosis syndrome: a history|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/psychological-medicine/article/abs/dsm5-proposal-for-attenuated-psychosis-syndrome-a-history/F9A1BABF95CB068B00D10F90CB266385|journal=Psychological Medicine|language=en|volume=50|issue=6|pages=920–926|doi=10.1017/S0033291720000653|pmid=32234093|issn=0033-2917|url-access=subscription}}</ref>ko ñawu nguu ina foti ƴeewteede tawa ina waɗi maale ñawu nguu tawa rewaani laawol ñawu nguu.<ref name=":02">{{Cite book|title=Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders|url=https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse|date=2013|publisher=American Psychiatric Association|isbn=978-0-89042-554-1|edition=fifth|location=Washington, D.C|pages=[https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse/page/783 783]|chapter=Conditions for Further Study}}</ref> E nder APS, jarribo goonga ina "heɓi no feewi", tee tiiɗnaare maale ɗee ina famɗi no feewi e ñawuuji hakkille.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders|url=https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse|date=2013|publisher=American Psychiatric Association|isbn=978-0-89042-554-1|edition=fifth|location=Washington, D.C|pages=[https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse/page/783 783]|chapter=Conditions for Further Study}}</ref> Diagnostic mo njiɗ-ɗen waɗde oo, naatnaa e Taƴre III (Peeje e mbaadiiji peeñɗi) e nder deftere diagnostic e statistique des troubles mentals, Edition joyaɓere (DSM-5), e nder tonngoode tiitoonde "Sarɗiiji ngam ɓeydaade janngude". <ref name=":03">{{Cite book|title=Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders|url=https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse|date=2013|publisher=American Psychiatric Association|isbn=978-0-89042-554-1|edition=fifth|location=Washington, D.C|pages=[https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse/page/783 783]|chapter=Conditions for Further Study}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Reddy|first=M. S.|date=2014-01-01|title=Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome|journal=Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine|language=EN|volume=36|issue=1|pages=1–3|doi=10.4103/0253-7176.127239|doi-access=free|issn=0253-7176|pmc=3959011|pmid=24701003}}</ref>Sarɗiiji cifaaɗi ɗoo ɗii, e fawaade e DSM-5, "mbaɗaaka ngam huutoraade ɗum e nder safaara; ko mbaydiiji teskinɗi e caɗeele gonɗe e Taƴre II DSM-5 tan nganndiraa e dow laabi, ina mbaawi huutoreede ngam safrude". Ko jiidaa e ɗuum, APS ina haalee e yeru peeñgol baawngol ƴeewteede ko wayi no Spectrum Schizophrenie Spécifié goɗɗo e Disorder Psychotique goɗɗo, ko ɗum ƴeewndo laawɗungo Section II.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Reddy|first=M. S.|date=2014-01-01|title=Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome|journal=Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine|language=EN|volume=36|issue=1|pages=1–3|doi=10.4103/0253-7176.127239|doi-access=free|issn=0253-7176|pmc=3959011|pmid=24701003}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == d6nhmshe35hee6rbkqatg1rkxbws70u 0 34642 181170 145930 2026-08-05T03:27:12Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181170 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Sabaabu kuuɓtodinɗo''' ko kewu walla ngonka baawka addande ñawu nguu ƴellitaade, kono e hoore mum heewaani saabaade ñawu nguu. E nder ɗuum, ina jeyaa e sarɗiiji ɓurɗi mawnude, ganndiraaɗi « sabaabu keewɗo », ɗi kawri ina ngadda ñawu nguu. == Fistol == Sabaabu kuuɓtodinɗo ko huunde nde, wondude e sabaabuuji kuuɓtidinɗi goɗɗi, ina waɗa sabaabu keewɗo ñawu. Sabaabu keewɗo ko jillondiral timmungal hakkunde sabaabuuji kuutorteeɗi ngam ñawu nguu feeñde. Ñawuuji ina ummoo e jokkondire kewuuji jowitiiɗi e sabaabu, gila e kewuuji gadani haa e feeñde e ñawu nguu e nder safaara. Alaa kewu gooto gadano hesɗi e hoore mum ngam saabaade ñawu nguu ; kala kewu ko feccere e sabaabu keewɗo, waɗta ɗum sabaabu kuuɓtodinɗo.<ref name="pmid998606">{{cite journal|author=Rothman KJ|title=Causes.|journal=Am J Epidemiol|year=1976|volume=104|issue=6|pages=587–92|pmid=998606|doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112335|pmc=}}</ref> == Catal Teori == Miijo sabaabuuji kuutorteeɗi ina jeyaa e ko ɓuri yaajde e mbaadi sabaabuuji ɗi ganndo ko faati e ñawuuji biyeteeɗo Kenneth Rothman ƴetti. E nder ngool laawol, kala ñawu ko batte piiji keewɗi, heen gooto fof ina hollira denndaangal sabaabuuji kuutorteeɗi. Geɗel gootel ina waawi wonde sabaabu kuuɓtodinɗo e nder sabaabuuji keewɗi keewɗi[2] wonande ñawuuji ceertuɗi.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Rothman, Kenneth J.|title=Epidemiology : an introduction|url=https://archive.org/details/epidemiologyintr0000roth|date=2012|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-975455-7|edition=2nd|location=New York, NY|pages=[https://archive.org/details/epidemiologyintr0000roth/page/24 24]|oclc=750986180}}</ref> Nafoore e nder Epidemiyoloji Famde sabaabuuji komponenteeji ina teskaa ngam anndude toɓɓe jokkondire ngam haɗde ñawu nguu. E anndude e ustude sabaabuuji kuuɓtodinɗi, eɓɓaaɗe cellal renndo ina mbaawi ustude ŋakkeende ñawu nguu. == Yeruuji == Ƴeewen kanseer ɓuuɓɗo ko yeru. Sikke alaa ko huunde mawnde e sabaabu kanseer ɓuuɓɗo, kono wonaa kala simmeeji heɓata kanseer ɓuuɓɗo. Sabaabuuji goɗɗi ina mbaawi wonde sabaabuuji gonɗi e nder renndo, geɗe goɗɗe e nder weeyo, ekn... Ko nde sabaabuuji goɗɗi potɗi huutoreede ɗii fof ngoni tan, sabaabu keewɗo kanseer ɓuuɓɗo oo ina naata e golle. == Ƴeew kadi == krr941znoc89jqctjodcxiclebznoee 0 34682 181150 146098 2026-08-05T03:02:47Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 3 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181150 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Gigaku Mask (Horyuji Treasures, Suikoju, N-222) 03.jpg|thumb]] '''Gigaku''' (伎楽), anndiraa kadi kure-gaku (呉楽),<ref name="shincho">{{Harvnb|Shinchosha|1985}}, p.357-8, on ''gigaku men'' (mask)</ref><ref name="cambridge">{{cite book|last=Banham|first=Martin|title=The Cambridge Guide to Theatre|year=1995|publisher=Cambridge University Press|url=https://archive.org/details/cambridgeguideto0000banh|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/cambridgeguideto0000banh/page/559 559]|format=preview|isbn=9780521434379}}</ref> ko sifaa majjuɗo, ko wayi no jimɗi-wamre masiŋaaji, naatnaaɗi Japon e jamaanu Asuka. == Tariya == Binndanɗe kollitii wonde gigaku naati ko e hitaande 20ɓiire laamu laamɗo debbo biyeteeɗo Suiko (612 caggal Iisaa)<ref name="shincho2">{{Harvnb|Shinchosha|1985}}, p.357-8, on ''gigaku men'' (mask)</ref> e juuɗe won Mimaji (味摩之) ummoriiɗo e laamu Kudara (Baekje), gooto e Laamuuji tati Koree. E wiyde nate, Mimaji arii Sakurai, o janngini sukaaɓe Japon gigaku. Ina wiyee wonde o janngii gigaku to Wu (Siin), kolliroowo wonde iwdi gigaku ina waawi rewrude e Siin, sibu e jamaanu Suiko (593/604–658 caggal Iisaa), ñaawirdu Japon ƴetti batte keewɗe e pinal Siin e Koree.[5] Regent e oon sahaa, laamɗo Shōtoku, waɗii darnde tiiɗnde e accude e sarde pinal Budisma e nder leydi Japon ; ndeeɗoo yaajde pinal addani gigaku waɗde e yiyeede e yimɓe Japon heewɓe, nde tawnoo ko ɗum ƴelliti diine. Gigaku ɓuri mawnude ko e feccere adannde e teeminannde 8ɓiire, kono fuɗɗii majjude ko nde bugaku ƴetti laamu ngam wonde weltaare laawɗunde e nder galle laamorɗo, hay so tawii noon gigaku ina waɗee haa jooni e jannginde e nokkuuji woɗɗuɗi laamorgo ngoo, ina jokki e waɗde geɗe mum e nder weltaare Japon haa e teeminannde 14ɓiire.[] Maskuuji gigaku leɗɗe keewɗi pentiraama e oon sahaa, ko ɓuri heewde e mum en ko e jamaanu Nara (710–784), jooni noon ina ndesndaa e cuuɗi Hōryūji e Tōdaiji e galle keso laamɗo (Shōsōin), fof ko e Nara. Mask ko huunde nde alaa ko woni e mum so wonaa pijirlooji gigaku, ina hollira sifaaji e sifaaji keewɗi, caggal ɗuum ina joginoo batte e geɗe goɗɗe pijirlooji Japon.<ref name="benito">{{cite book|last=Ortolani|first=Benito|title=The Japanese Theatre: from Shamanistic Ritual to Contemporary Pluralism|url=https://archive.org/details/japanesetheatref0000orto|publisher=Princeton University Press|date=1995}}</ref><ref name="benito2">{{cite book|last=Ortolani|first=Benito|title=The Japanese Theatre: from Shamanistic Ritual to Contemporary Pluralism|url=https://archive.org/details/japanesetheatref0000orto|publisher=Princeton University Press|date=1995}}</ref><ref name="benito3">{{cite book|last=Ortolani|first=Benito|title=The Japanese Theatre: from Shamanistic Ritual to Contemporary Pluralism|url=https://archive.org/details/japanesetheatref0000orto|publisher=Princeton University Press|date=1995}}</ref><ref name="shincho3">{{Harvnb|Shinchosha|1985}}, p.357-8, on ''gigaku men'' (mask)</ref> Daartol gigaku ina heewi haaleede, sibu alaa binndanɗe gigaku e nder Asii mawɗo so wonaa masiŋaaji seeɗa gonɗi hannde ɗii. Ngalɗoo ŋakkeende hujjaaji tiiɗɗi ina heewi saɗtinde wiɗtooɓe ɓee anndude iwdi gigaku goonga, e geɗe mum, e jikkuuji mum, e peeje mum, e golle mum. == Kugal == [[File:Gigaku Guimet.JPG|thumb]] Gigaku waɗaama e mime silsil,[1] e yahdude e jimɗi.[1] Fulɓe, tammborde (walla tammborde hip (腰鼓, yōko),[7] anndiraande kadi kuretsuzumi (呉鼓, 'tammborde Wu'),[1] e shōban (鉦盤), sifaa gong, ko kuutorɗe tati kuutortenooɗe e jamaanu Nara, hay so tawii noon gong oo lomtinaama e sifaa Cyōmbal (cyōmbal). (銅鈸子)) e fuɗɗoode jamaanu Heian (teeminannde 9ɓiire).<ref>{{cite book|last=Kennedy|first=Dennis|title=The Oxford Companion to Theatre and Performance|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=2010}}</ref><ref name="shincho4">{{Harvnb|Shinchosha|1985}}, p.357-8, on ''gigaku men'' (mask)</ref> Ko fayti e sifaa tan heddii e golle ɗee ummorii ko e deftere jimɗi jeyaande e Kyōkunshō [ja] (教訓抄; ‘Suɓngooji ngam jamirooje e wasiyaaji’)[7] nde Koma no Chikazane [ja] (maayi 1242) winndi.[1] E fawaade e ɗuum, netori, walla tuning kuutorɗe, ina hollita fuɗɗoode, rewi heen ko fuɗɗoode kuutorɗe.[7] Ndeen woni parade denndaangal yimɓe ɓee, jimɗi ɗii e jimɗi ɗii fof.[3] Ina sikkaa wonde mask karallaagal ina wiyee Chidō (治道) ina gasa tawa ƴettii darnde e yeeso kewu nguu,[9] haa teeŋti noon nde mask oo limtaa ko adii fof e nder defte jawdi (Shizaichō (資材帳)) wonande yoga e cuuɗi dewal ɗi masɗe gigaku njogii.[9] Taƴre ndee udditirtee ko e jimɗi Lion (Shishimai),[7] e jimɗi solo ɗi Duke Wu,[7] ƴaañoowo, karura colli, e almuudo Brahman.<ref name="shincho5">{{Harvnb|Shinchosha|1985}}, p.357-8, on ''gigaku men'' (mask)</ref><ref name="shincho6">{{Harvnb|Shinchosha|1985}}, p.357-8, on ''gigaku men'' (mask)</ref> == Arketiipuuji == Woodi sifaaji arketiip luutndiiɓe ɗiɗo, Kongō (金剛) walla "Vajra-yakṣa" mo hunduko mum udditii,[10] e Rikishi (力士) mo hunduko mum udditii.[10][11] Ɗee ɗiɗi ina mbiyaa ina nanndi e nate ɗiɗi Niō walla damal gardiiɗo, ɗe mbaɗata ko sifaaji A-un udditiiɗi e udditiiɗi e nder hunuko mum en.[10][11] Mask Rikishi e Konron ina keewi jillondirde sabu sifaaji mum en nannduɗi, ina njogii mbaydi ɓurndi ɓallaade, gite ɓutte, hunduko mawngo e dente ɓutte.[4] Ɗee masiŋaaji ina mbaawi seertude e mbaydiiji yeeso mum en nde tawnoo Konron ina famɗi no feewi e Rikishi. E sifaaji ɓurɗi heewde e masiŋaaji ɗii, ko woni e pijirlooji ɗii ina siforee ko farsical.[7] Ndeke, pijirlooji pecce ɗiɗi Kuron (崑崙) (walla Konron; e ɗemngal Sinuwaa: Kunlun nu ko firti ɓaleejo walla negrito)[12] e Rikishi (haɓoowo walla "Gorko tiiɗɗo") ko huunde fenaande laaɓtunde.[7] E nder njillu ribald, Kuron lascivious ina fadi haa Gojo (debbo Wu walla debbo Sinuwaa), o hollita yiɗde makko e ƴettude prop phallic makko ina wiyee marakata (陽物(マラカタ)), o fiyra ɗum e fannu junngo makko.[11] Maneeji jimɗi komik ɗii ina mbiyaa marafuri-mai (マラフリ舞, ‘womre ɓuuɓnde fallus’). E nder ƴellitaare caggal ɗuum, Kuron ina lesɗini ɗum e Rikishi mo haɓɓata Kuron e kaɓirɗe mum (marakata), ina jolna ɗum e noose taariiɗe worɓe mum.[11] == Maskuuji == Maskuuji Gigaku ummoraade e suudu dewal Horyuji Chidō (治道) "Laamu laawol" – Ardii feccere yahdu. Ndeeɗoo mask ina miijanoo wonde ko adii nate maskuuji Tengu; ko mask boɗeejo, mo hunduko mum yaaji, nofru juutndu, gite jaajɗe, ɓuuɓɗe, gite ɓaleeje, sahaa e sahaa fof ina waɗi ɓuuɓri seeɗa e dow ŋoral. Shishi (師子) "liyon" – Mask liyon mo ƴiye dillooje, noppi, gite,[14] nannduɗo e mbaadi mask ummoriiɗo e jimɗi liyon Shishimai. Mask oo ina waɗi noppi tokoosi applied to yeeso mawngo cirƴam, ɗemngal e hunuko boɗeejo, dente daneeje, ɓaleeje, boɗeeje, walla ɓaleeje. Shishiko (師子児) "taƴooɓe liɗɗi" – Ko heewi e taƴooɓe ɗiɗo ina njahda e kala liɗɗi[15][16] Gokō (呉公) "Laamɗo Wu" Kongō (金剛) "Vajra-yakṣa)" – Koolaaɗo kuuɓal, gite jaajɗe e gite ɓutte, hunduko udditiingo. Ina gollina Joomiraawo Wu. Karura (迦楼羅) "Garuḍa" Kuron (Kuron) "Kunlun (gorko ɓaleejo)" Gojo (呉女) « debbo Wu » walla « debbo Sinuwaa » Rikishi (力士) "haɓoowo" walla "Gorko tiiɗɗo" – Haɓoowo toowɗo no Kongo nii, kono ko hunduko udditiiɗo.[10][22] Baramon (波羅門) – "Brahmana" almuɓɓe Taikofu (太弧父) "jom suudu mawɗo" Taikoji (太弧児) "ɓiɗɗo debbo mawɗo" Suikoō (酔胡王) "laamɗo Perse yaroowo" walla "barbar Hu yaroowo" Suikojū (酔胡従) "almuɓɓe Perse yarooɓe" – fotde 6–8 e maɓɓe ina njahda e laamɗo Perse yarooɓe.[28][29] == Sembe == Heewɓe e ɗeen masiŋaaji kadi ina njogii batte e mbaydiiji tiyaataar Japon goɗɗi ; Noh, yeru teeŋti noon ina jogii masiŋaaji nannduɗi no feewi e masiŋaaji gigaku goko e gojo.[30] Nanndi gojo ina yiyee e mask Noh ganndiraaɗo Koomote kam e Chido e Konron e maskuuji jinneeji e jinneeji e sifaaji mum en cemmbinɗi, ɓurɗi heewde, kulɓiniiɗi.[30] Hay so tawii ɗeen masiŋaaji ina ndenndi nanndugol ina teskaa wonde ina waɗi kadi ko seerndi ɗum en, yeru masiŋaaji Noh ina pamɗi no feewi so en ƴeewtindiima e gigaku, ko noon kadi wonande bugaku (mbaydi tiyaataar ummoriindi caggal gigaku). == Ƴeew kadi == * Gagaku * Karura * Tufnde Kunlun (taali) * Menreiki * Noh mask * Sangaku (pijirlooji) * Teyaatre to leydi Japon == Tuugnorgal == fx2ep0z1thhnxcjzi0wpgk3u9u1pp4h 0 34709 180921 146200 2026-08-04T22:54:07Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180921 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Yi’annde laabi rewɓe''' ko yi’annde rewɓe e criminologie nde hollirta ko ƴaañde e nder nguurndam fof ko huunde tiiɗnde wonande naatgol rewɓe e tooñanngeeji. == Viktimaasiyoŋ == Victimisation ina jogii batte luggiɗe e nder hakkille, ina battina e ƴellitaare renndo neɗɗo. Ina woodi seedeeji keewɗi kollitooji wonde ƴaañgol ina addana neɗɗo naatde e bonannde. <ref name=":3" /> So tawii noon ƴaañde ko huunde hulɓiniinde wonande worɓe e rewɓe fof e jikkuuji bonɗi, ko ɗum huunde ɓurnde tiiɗde e teskaade rewɓe. Hay so tawii worɓe e rewɓe fof ina mbaawi heɓde majjere e nder nguurndam mum en, rewɓe ina keɓa e jaabaade majjere no feewi e worɓe sabu ŋakkeende potal rewɓe e worɓe . Rewɓe nanngaaɓe ina keɓa caɗeele ɓurɗe heewde e worɓe nanngaaɓe e yimɓe rewɓe fof. <ref name=":0" /> Kasdi rewɓe ina heewi siforeede ko e mborosaaji, e njeeygu, e warngooji e tooñoowo. So tawii ɗeen sifaaji ina cifaa ko bonanndeeji, wiɗtooji puɗɗiima kadi miijaade wonde ko peeje nguurndam ngam haɓaade baasal. Yeru, suka debbo ina waawi dogde e galle tooñannge, ruttaade e njulaagu ngam dañde nguura. Binndanɗe ko faati e majjere ina keewi waɗde feere hakkunde majjere e tooñooɓe. Kono ɗeen pelle ɗiɗi ceeraani no paamirten nii. <ref name=":2" /> === Jokkondiral e golle bonanndeeji === Ina woodi jokkondire binndaaɗe no feewi hakkunde jikkuuji bonɗi e majjere e nder rewɓe waɗooɓe bonanndeeji. Ɗum firti ko duuɓi e sifaaji jinnaaɓe e riis, ngonka, e batte mum ina njiyee no feewi, ina ɓeydoo saɗtude e nder rewɓe nanngaaɓe. Ina woodi seedeeji kollitooji wonde rewɓe wonɓe e bonanndeeji ina keewi jogaade daartol yaajngol e majjere ɓalliwal e jokkere enɗam. Rewɓe tooñooɓe ɓuri waawde tooñeede e worɓe tooñooɓe , ɓuri waawde tooñeede e rewɓe ɓe ngonaa tooñooɓe. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":2" /> Wiɗto waɗaango e yimɓe kasooji ngenndiiji hollitii wonde ko ina ɓura feccere e rewɓe nanngaaɓe ɓee, ina njuumta e ɓalli mum en walla ina njuumta, so yerondiraama e worɓe joy nanngaaɓe ɓee, ko famɗi fof gooto. <ref name=":0" /> == Demokaraasi ƴaañgal == Yiyngo laabi feministe en firtaani wonde ƴaañgal ko rewɓe tan mbaawi waɗde. E nder ɗuum, ndee ɗoo yi’annde ina hollita no jinnaaɓe ɓee mbaɗirta batte e nder njiimaandi njiyaagu, e no ngalɗoo ceertugol njiimaandi udditirta laawol feewde e bonanndeeji wonande rewɓe. Risk neɗɗo e majjere ina fawii e ngonka nokku, e jokkondiral renndo, e demokaraasi. Wiɗtooɓe nguurndam ina teskii wonde yimɓe ina mbaawi dañde caɗeele e nder tolnooji keewɗi tuugnaade e nokkuuji mum en, ngonka renndo-faggudu, e suɓaade nguurndam. <ref name=":3" /> E fawaade e yi’annde ƴellitaare nguurndam, sifaaji sosio-demokaraasi ina ndokka ceertugol nguurndam baawngol waɗde neɗɗo e ɓeydagol baasal. <ref name=":3" /> Yeru, neɗɗo ummoriiɗo e nokkuuji ɗi ngalaa kaalis, gonɗo e nokkuuji renndo jamma e hakkunde hoɗdiiɓe ina waawi ɓurde waawde hawrude e tooñooɓe, ɗum noon ina waawi ɓurde waawde ƴattaade. === Dubbi === Duuɓi ina njokkondiri no feewi e baasal, haa teeŋti noon e jawdi e bonanndeeji bonɗi. Ɓooygol ina heewi waɗeede e cukaagu. <ref name=":32" /> Sukaaɓe ina keewi heɓde mborosaaji bonɗi e mawɓe. <ref name=":62" /> Risk victimisation ina mawni hakkunde duuvi 16 e 19. <ref name=":62" /> e wizto [[Crime opportunity theory|ngenndiijo]] [[National Crime Victimization Survey|vurngo moxxude]], risk victimisation ina veydoo fotde 8 e nder teemedere gila e duuvi 12 haa 15 e duuvi 16 haa 19. Sukaaɓe mawɓe ɓuri waawde wonde ko e ngonkaaji ɗo ɓe mbaawi seertude e tooñooɓe, walla waɗde golle ɗe ɓe mbaawi seertude e ko yaawi. <ref name=":32" /> === Baadal === Jinnaaɗo ina mbayla riis, ngonka, e batte njiyaagu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite book|title=The Gender of Crime|url=https://archive.org/details/gendero_bri_2011_00_4578|last=Britton|first=Dana|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.|year=2011|location=Lanham, MD|pages=[https://archive.org/details/gendero_bri_2011_00_4578/page/n93 82]}}</ref> E wiyde limlebbi laamu nguu, so wonaa njulaagu, worɓe ɓuri rewɓe heewde warngooji e kala bonanndeeji bonɗi. Kono tan, rewɓe ina pamɗi no feewi e nder doosɗe laamu, tee ina ɓura worɓe waawde wonde e won e mbaydiiji majjere, ko wayi no leeptugol e [[Fitinaaji nder Saare|majjere nder galleeji]] . <ref name=":8" /> Rewɓe ɓuri waawde wonde ko ƴaañiiɓe e sukaaɓe e worɓe , kadi ɓuri waawde heɓde ƴaañorgal e cukaagu mum en. == Tuugnorgal == 1h6weqh23nvxyritqn28pfgan0qofiu 0 34757 181177 146472 2026-08-05T03:33:08Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181177 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Baltis''' ko laamɗo debbo aarabeeɓe ɓooyɗo. O teddinaama to Carrhae, o anndiraa ko tagofeere Venus.<ref>{{cite book|last=Lurker|first=Manfred|title=The Routledge Dictionary of Gods and Goddesses, Devils and Demons|url=https://archive.org/details/routledgediction0000manf|publisher=[[Routledge]]|date=1987|pages=[https://archive.org/details/routledgediction0000manf/page/30 30]|isbn=0-415-34018-7}}</ref> Ishaq mo Antiyoki siftinii Baltis e nder binndol winndaangol e cakkital teeminannde 5ɓiire caggal Iisaa, wonde ko laamɗo mo Aarabeeɓe ndewatnoo. Baltis ɗoo ina nanndi e Istar (Inanna), laamɗo debbo Mesopotami ɓooyɗo.<ref>Jan Retso, The Arabs in Antiquity, Routledge 2003. See pp. 518-9 for Isaac of Antioch's letter. See pg. 604 for discussion on the identification of Baltis.</ref> == Ƴeew kadi == == Beltis == Diine e nder leydi aarabeeɓe ko adii [[Lislaamu|Lislaam]] == Tuugnorgal == 3uj2zxypwm59zm5xjdlchnydgrdyru6 0 34792 180900 146453 2026-08-04T22:30:01Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180900 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''No Variedades de Proteu''' woniri ko dingiral e operaaji komik ɗi Antonio Jose da Silva winndi. Koolaaɗo jimɗi opera oo ina wiyee sahaa e sahaa fof ko anndaaka, won heen kadi ko António Teixeira, binnduɗo jimɗi operaaji da Silva goɗɗi ɗii. No Variedades de Proteu fuɗɗii waɗeede e hitaande 1737 to Lisbon.<ref>{{cite book|last1=de Brito|first1=Manuel Carlos|title=Opera in Portugal in the Eighteenth Century|url=https://archive.org/details/operainportugali0000brit|date=1989|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521353120|pages=[https://archive.org/details/operainportugali0000brit/page/20 20]–22}}</ref>{{sfn|de Brito|1989|page=21}} No Variedades de Proteu haalirta e mbaydiiji dewgal e giɗli. Ina huutoroo sifaaji miijooji Proteus (Πρωτεύς) e Nereus, ina waɗi sifaaji teskinɗi ko wayi no Caranguejo (purtugeec ko karaŋ) jom hakkille.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Buelow|first1=George J.|title=A History of Baroque Music|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofbaroque0000buel|date=2004|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=9780253343659|page=[https://archive.org/details/historyofbaroque0000buel/page/391 391]}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == 6ela9dznve2m2pdqtyvtk4gmj6vsyhg 0 34827 181062 146558 2026-08-05T01:36:45Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181062 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Laamɗo''' reweteeɗo e nder leydi Arabi Fuɗnaange ko adii Lislaam. Salmaan ina waawi wonde gooto e laamɗo Semitik hirnaange biyeteeɗo Shalman/Shalaman, mo won annduɓe cikkata ina wuuri e nder inɗe Suleymaan e Salmaneser. Laamɗo oo kadi ina seedtinaa e binndi ummoriiɗi Ugarit, Palmyra, Hatra, e Arabi Fuɗnaange e Fuɗnaange..<ref>{{Cite book|title=Dictionary of deities and demons in the Bible DDD|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofdeit0000unse_w3f7|date=1999|publisher=Brill|others=Toorn, K. van der., Becking, Bob., Horst, Pieter Willem van der.|isbn=0802824919|edition=2nd extensively revised|location=Leiden|oclc=39765350}}</ref> == Ƴeew kadi == Salmaan (innde) == Tuugnorgal == 2625494sa4cr8u479aqrseqwpkhxmfl 0 34879 180995 146739 2026-08-05T00:23:48Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180995 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Uhlanga''' woni marsandiis mo neɗɗaagu jibinaa, kadi ko helmere Zulu firti "reed" nde wonnoo kadi ko nanndi e "aada renndo.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Leslie|first=David|url=https://archive.org/details/amongzulusandam00drumgoog|title=Among the Zulus and Amatongas: With Sketches of The Natives, Their Language and Customs; And The Country, Products, Climate, Wild Animals, &c. Being Principally Contributions To Magazines and Newspapers|publisher=Edmonston & Douglas|year=1875|edition=2nd|location=[[Edinburgh]]|pages=[https://archive.org/details/amongzulusandam00drumgoog/page/n173 149]|oclc=}}</ref> == Miijooji == Miijooji ko faati e Uhlanga ina njokkondiri e miijooji ko faati e Unkulunkulu e Umvelinqangi, kadi ina woodi aadaaji miijooji ceertuɗi, luurondirɗi e ɗiin tati fof.[citation needed] E wiyde Jacob Olupona, Umvelingangi resndi hoore mum e Uhlanga, ina gasa tawa ko sabu ƴiye Uhlanga keewɗe colour. Umvelingangi huutoriima reedu ngam tafde worɓe e rewɓe wiyeteeɓe Unkulunkulu, gooto e maɓɓe fof sosi leñol. == Tuugnorgal == tbll19pmjcecu6yjkkk11271nbph9ft 0 34957 180859 146958 2026-08-04T21:49:41Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180859 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Jok''' (kañum ne ina winndaa jogi walla joogi) ko helmere wonande dental ruuhuuji e nder njuɓɓudi goongɗingol aadaaji leñol Acholi to Uganndaa e Sudaan worgo. Jok ina sikkaa ko kañum woni sabaabu ñawu, musiiba, e maayde, kam e ɓuuɓri doole, ndeenka, e ɓamtaare. Safrooɓe aadaaji (anndiraaɓe ajakwa) ina adii anndude Jok kaaleteeɗo oo, caggal ɗuum mbaɗa sadak e kewu potɗo ngam haɓaade ɗum en. Walla so tawii hono ngool laawol ina ŋakki neɗɗo jogiiɗo Jok oo ina waawi rewde e njuɓɓudi ngam dañde won e tolnooji e dow Jok oo, ndeen kamɓe e koye maɓɓe ɓe ngonta ajakwa. Jok ina waawi wonde taaniraaɓe walla tawa wonaa taaniraaɓe, ina waawi kadi jokkondirde e leƴƴi keertiiɗi, laamuuji, geɗe tago, walla kewuuji daartol. Jok ina sikkaa ko laamɗo ɓurɗo toowde, tagɗo e laamɗo winndere ndee.<ref name="green">{{cite book|last=Green|first=Matthew|title=The Wizard of the Nile: The Hunt for Africa's Most Wanted|url=https://archive.org/details/wizardofnilehunt0000gree|publisher=Portobello Books|year=2008|isbn=9781846270314|pages=[https://archive.org/details/wizardofnilehunt0000gree/page/36 36]–38|authorlink=Matthew Green (journalist)}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ogot|first=Bethwell A.|date=January 1961|title=The concept of jok|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00020186108707134|journal=African Studies|language=en|volume=20|issue=2|pages=123–130|doi=10.1080/00020186108707134|issn=0002-0184|url-access=subscription}}</ref>.<ref name="green" /><ref name="Behrend67">{{cite book|last1=Behrend|first1=Heike|editor1-first=Holger Bernt|editor1-last=Hansen|editor2-first=Michael|editor2-last=Twaddle|title=Religion and Politics in East Africa: The Period since Independence|year=1995|publisher=James Currey Ltd|location=London|isbn=0-85255-384-6|page=67|chapter=The Holy Spirit Movement & the Forces of Nature in the North of Uganda 1985-1987}}</ref><ref name="Behrend67" /><ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-08-11|title=Langi|url=https://nuganda.wordpress.com/tribes-of-northern-uganda/langi/|access-date=2024-01-11|website=People of Northern Uganda|language=en}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite journal|last=Ocaya|first=Victor|date=March 1988|title=Ultimate Reality and Meaning According to the Acholi of Uganda|url=https://utpjournals.press/doi/10.3138/uram.11.1.11|journal=Ultimate Reality and Meaning|language=en|volume=11|issue=1|pages=11–22|doi=10.3138/uram.11.1.11|issn=0709-549X|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name="auto3">{{Cite web|date=2016-06-02|title=Religion in Traditional Uganda|url=https://kitararcc.com/sex-education-family/|access-date=2024-01-11|website=Kitara Foundation for Regional Tourism|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Allen|first=Tim|date=1991|title=Understanding Alice: Uganda's Holy Spirit Movement in Context|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1160031|journal=Africa: Journal of the International African Institute|volume=61|issue=3|pages=370–399|doi=10.2307/1160031|jstor=1160031|s2cid=145668917|issn=0001-9720|url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Nokkuuji Jok == Acholi en ina cikkatnoo wonde ina woodi laamɗo Afrik gooto mawɗo ganndiraaɗo Jok. Kono Jok ina jogii duppiteeji keewɗi e hoore mum ɗi naatnata koye mum en e geɗe yimɓe. Range Jok ina yaaji, ina waɗi limoore nde humpito koloñaal en njibini. E wiyde kosmoloji Acholi, ina waɗi sifaaji tati mawɗi jok :<ref name="green2" /><ref name="auto1">{{Cite journal|last=Atkinson|first=Ronald R.|date=1989|title=The Evolution of Ethnicity among the Acholi of Uganda: The Precolonial Phase|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/482739|journal=Ethnohistory|volume=36|issue=1|pages=19–43|doi=10.2307/482739|jstor=482739|issn=0014-1801|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Allen|first=Tim|date=July 1991|title=Understanding Alice: Uganda's Holy Spirit Movement in context|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/africa/article/abs/understanding-alice-ugandas-holy-spirit-movement-in-context/DE89E3724443D29715DE5303EC10CE5B|journal=Africa|language=en|volume=61|issue=3|pages=370–399|doi=10.2307/1160031|jstor=1160031|s2cid=145668917|issn=1750-0184|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Jok taaniraaɓe : Ko ɗeen ngoni ruuhuuji banndiraaɓe maayɓe, haa teeŋti e taaniraaɓe leñol, ɓe iwdi mum en wuurɓe teddini, teddini. Jok maamiraaɓe ina keewi wonde moƴƴuɓe e walluɓe, kono kadi ina mbaawi tikkere e tooñannge so tawii ɓe njejjitaama walla ɓe mbonnaama. Jok taaniraaɓe ina njiyloree, ina ɓuuɓnee e laabi, kirse, duwaawu, e sadakeeji, ko mawɓe walla safrooɓe aadaaji (ajakwa) ɓuri waɗde ɗum. Jok mo wonaa taaniraaɓe : Ko ɗeen ngoni ruuhuuji tagooje goɗɗe, ko wayi no daabaaji, leɗɗe, kaaƴe, maayooji, koɗli, koode, walla naange. Jok mo wonaa taaniraaɓe ina heewi jokkondirde e leñol walla laamu keeriiɗo, ina jogori wonde gardiiɗo e patronat pelle mum en. Jok mo wonaa taaniraaɓe ina waawi wonde moƴƴo walla bonɗo, fawaade e sifaa mum e jokkondiral mum e almudɓe mum aadee. Jokuuji ɗi ngonaa taaniraaɓe kadi ina noddiree, ina njuɓɓinee e laabi, e sadakeeji, e duwaawu, e sadakeeji, ko mawɓe walla ajakwa ɓuri waɗde ɗum. Jogi: Ko ɗeen ngoni duppiteeji walla peeñɗi Jok toowɗo, laamɗo gooto tan. Jogi ina jeyaa e geɗe aadee, ina waawi kadi jogaade batte to bannge nguurndam yimɓe e renndooji. Jogi ina waawi weltaade walla mettinde golle aadee, kadi ina waawi yoɓde walla ñaawde no haanirta nii. Jogi kadi ina njaaboo e ɗaɓɓaande e ɗaɓɓaande aadee, ina waawi rokkude barkeeji walla kuddi. Jogi ina rewee, ina teddinee e nder laabi, e sadakeeji, e duwaawu, e sadakeeji, ko ɓuri heewde ko ajakwa walla annduɓe diine mbaɗata ɗum. Rewde Jok Abila ko nokku keeriiɗo hono suudu dewal, teskinndu e Jok, e ruuhuuji taaniraaɓe ɓe cikkatnoo ko ina ƴeewa Acholi en. E nder abila, yim6e ina ndokka jokkorgal ngal nyaamdu e yardu, hono yettude e 6eydude 6amtaare ma66e. Ɗee ruuhuuji ngonaano e abila sahaa kala, kono ina mbaawi feeñde saraaji walla hay so ina njillondiri, ina nelda kabaruuji e maandeeji keertiiɗi. Acholi en ina ndewatnoo Jok ngam dalillaaji keewɗi, ina ɗaminii maa ɗi cellin ñawɓe, ɗi ngadda barke e dogdu, ɗi ndeena wuro ngoo e geɗe bonɗe. Ngam weltinde Jok, yimɓe ina mbaɗa juulde teeŋtunde to abila ɗo ɓe ndokkata ɓe ñaamde e yarde. Acholi Jok ina nanndi e miijo Kerecee’en e Alla. Kono nde diine kerecee en ngari e Acholi, ɓe ndartini huutoraade helmere Lubanga ngam Alla, hay so tawii e ɗemngal Acholi, Lubanga firti ko huunde hulɓiniinde hono maayde. == Tuugnorgal == 43jd6t8yawu7lno4dzjobbew06do051 0 34978 180997 147028 2026-08-05T00:25:26Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180997 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Egbere''' ko sifaa ruuhu bonɗo walla goblin mo nganndu-ɗaa ina hoɗi e nder ladde, ina gollira tan ko jamma. Saggitorde ɗemngal Yoruba nde Oxford hollitii Egbere ko helmere Yoruba firti ko fenaande walla goblin. E wiyde William Taylor e hitaande 1898, winndi e tonngoode koloñaal, heewnde ustude, Egbere ina hoɗi e yanaande. Ɓe njalta ko hakkunde jamma, ɓe ngarta ko fajiri, nannduɓe e vampireeji. Ɓe mbeltiima e dogde baali, kadi ɓe ngadda ñawu e baali. <ref>{{Cite book|last1=Crowther|first1=Samuel|authorlink=Samuel Ajayi Crowther|last2=Vidal|first2=Owen Emeric|title=A Vocabulary of the Yoruba Language|publisher=Seeleys|date=1852|page=[https://archive.org/details/vocabularyofyoru00crow/page/80 80]|url=https://archive.org/details/vocabularyofyoru00crow}}</ref><ref name="t805">{{cite web|title=The Afro-American griot speaks : Afro-American names : Muñoz, Sharon R., 1945-|website=Internet Archive|archive-date=2024-02-23|publication-date=1995|archive-url=https://archive.org/details/afroamericangrio0000muno/page/18/mode/1up|access-date=2025-04-27|url=http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/34027148.html}}</ref><ref name="u528">{{cite web|title=A Dictionary of the Yoruba language|website=Internet Archive|date=2016-10-23|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofyoru0000unse/page/n82/mode/1up|access-date=2025-04-27}}</ref><ref name="l783">{{cite book|title=A Dictionary of the Yoruba language|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofyoru0000unse|publisher=University Press|publication-place=Ibadan|year=1985|oclc=1335925672|page=[https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofyoru0000unse/page/71 71]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Taylor|first=William|title=The Flaming Torch in Darkest Africa|publisher=Eaton & Mains|date=1898|page=[https://archive.org/details/flamingtorchinda00tayl/page/237 237]|archive-url=https://archive.org/details/flamingtorchinda00tayl|archive-date=2008-07-31|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8MoTAAAAIAAJ}}</ref> Egbere ina siforee ko juuti e darnde. e ina njokkondiri e mat tokooso. Ina woodi miijo wonde kala baawɗo ƴettude mat jawdi e Egbere, maa heɓ jawdi ndi miijaaka. Ɓe mbiyi ko eɓe ngulla sahaa kala, hay so tawii laaɓal ɗeen gonɗi ina naamnii.<ref name="h990">{{cite journal|last=Tume|first=Tosin Kooshima|title=Yoruba folkore and Ifa narratives in Tunde Kelani's Agogo Eewo (2002) as cultural archetypes for national re-orientation|journal=Journal of African Films & Diaspora Studies|volume=2|issue=1|date=2019|doi=10.31920/2516-2713/2019/2n1a2|pages=23–41|url=https://journals.co.za/doi/abs/10.31920/2516-2713/2019/2n1a2|access-date=2025-04-27|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>Jimoh, Shaykh Luqman. "The Yoruba concept of spirit husband and the Islamic belief in intermarriage between jinn and man: A comparative discourse". ''International Conference on Humanities, Literature and Management (ICHLM'15), Jan. 9-10, 2015, Dubai (UAE)''. 2015, p. 1.</ref><ref name="t010">{{cite book|last1=Fagunwa|first1=D. O.|last2=Soyinka|first2=Wole|title=Forest of a thousand daemons : a hunter's saga|url=https://archive.org/details/forestofthousand00fagu|publisher=Random House|publication-place=New York|year=1982|oclc=1149232864|page=}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == b8p1idpb3p2vnanhhpz9qjnptey3axx 0 34983 180834 147047 2026-08-04T21:20:25Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180834 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Xochitlicue''' (maanaa e ɗemngal Nahuatl ‘mo jogii jokkere mum puɗi’) ko laamɗo Aztek en jibinannde, gardinooɗo nguurndam e maayde, gardinooɗo jibinannde, miñi mum debbo biyeteeɗo Coatlicue, yumma Huitzilopochtli e fawaade e Kodeks Florentine ; e Kimalma, yumma Ketzalkoatl e fawaade e Kodduwaar Kimalpopoka. Gooto e ɓiɓɓe rewɓe tato Tlaltecuhtli e Tlalcihuatl, jom suudu laamɓe leydi ndi Tezcatlipocas tagi..<ref>{{cite book|author=Adela Fernández|title=Los Dioses Prehispánicos de México|url=https://archive.org/details/diosesprehispnic0000fern|date=1992|publisher=Editorial Panorama|isbn=968-38-0306-7|lang=spanish|page=[https://archive.org/details/diosesprehispnic0000fern/page/160 160]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Cecilio A. Robelo|title=Diccionario de Mitología Nahoa|url=|date=1905|publisher=Editorial Porrúa|isbn=970-07-3149-9|language=spanish|pages=}}</ref> Yumma ɓiɗɓe ɗiɗo ɓee Xochipilli, ‘Laamɗo puɗi’; e Xochiquetzal, ‘Piindi Ɓoornugol Teddungal’, laamɗo ŋarɗugol e yiɗde.<ref>{{cite book|author=Ana Diaz|title=Cielos e inframundos: Una revisión de las cosmologías mesoamericanas|date=2015|publisher=Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México|isbn=978-607-02-7226-4|lang=spanish|page=89}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Otilia Meza|title=El Mundo Mágico de los Dioses del Anáhuac|date=1981|publisher=Editorial Universo|isbn=968-35-0093-5|lang=spanish|pages=}}</ref> Gloss wiyi wonde ooɗoo yonta fuɗɗii ko e Tula, ko duuɓi 5 042 heege tiiɗnde waɗi, toɓi ƴiiƴam. Yimɓe maayii e kulol. Ɗoo, miskineeɓe ɓee ina mbaɗa ko wayi no koyɗi goɗɗi e wumre mum en, ina mbiya wonde laamɗo biyeteeɗo Citlallatonac [Lewlewndu koode] —ɗum woni oon maande yi’eteende e asamaan, ko wiyetee Camino de Santiago walla Laabi Milky — neldi nulaaɗo ummoraade asamaan e ammbasadeer mo debbo gooto wonnoo to Chila, mo ammbasadeer mum wonnoo e [...] miñiraaɓe rewɓe, gooto ko Xochitlique, goɗɗo oo ko Coatlicue (Koddek Vatikan A. Firo Anders, Jansen e Reyes, 1996: 69). Nde ammbasadeeruuji ɗii ngari, miñiraaɓe Chimalman rewɓe ɓee maayi e kulol, o dañi ɓiɗɗo gorko, biyeteeɗo Quetzalcoatl, ko kañum saabi henndu nduu, ina wiyee kadi Citoladuale. E jamaanu Naange Nayaɓere, laamɗo toowɗo oo neldi nulaaɗo to Chimalma to Tollan ngam jeertinde ɗum wonde maa o reedu ɓiɗɗo gorko mo alaa ko jokkondiri e mum. Chimalma ina hoɗi e miñiraaɓe mum ɗiɗo rewɓe, Xochiltlicue e Coatlicue. — Kodduwaar Ríos == Tuugnorgal == ji6kcc789dt9knjoxcc4erw1sd6satb 0 34985 180962 147053 2026-08-04T23:40:01Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180962 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Xicalancatl''', Xicallancatl walla Xicalcoatl (Iwde e ɗemngal Nahuatl, ‘Mbooy Tee’) ina jeyaa e ɓiɓɓe jeegom mawɓe Mixcoatl e Tlaltecuhtli hoɗɓe e Leydi caggal Ilam Mawɗam e sahaa Naange Joyaɓere e nder Miijooji Aztek en. Ɓiɗɗo nayaɓo jooɗiiɗo e daande maayo Golf Meksik, e nder diiwaan biyeteeɗo Xicallanco (ummoraade e ɗemngal Nahuatl, ‘e nder diiwaan teewu walla gilaas dungeon), ko ɗum tabitinta keewal gonngal e oon nokku e ngalɗoo geɗal leɗɗe.<ref>{{cite book|author=Adela Fernández|title=Los Dioses Prehispánicos de México|url=https://archive.org/details/diosesprehispnic0000fern|date=1992|publisher=Editorial Panorama|isbn=968-38-0306-7|lang=spanish|page=[https://archive.org/details/diosesprehispnic0000fern/page/160 160]}}</ref>.<ref>{{cite book|author=Cecilio A. Robelo|title=Diccionario de Mitología Nahoa|url=|date=1905|publisher=Editorial Porrúa|isbn=970-07-3149-9|lang=spanish|pages=121, 122, 123}}</ref> Taarii Leydi ndii e geec, ina lummboo e nder majji ko juuti, paabi ɓooyɗi, jogiiɗi ujunere jawdi e ɗemɗe ƴiiƴam, e innde haawniinde nde ƴettata, Tlaltecuhtli; Iztac-Mixcoatl, mboddi ruulde daneere ɓuuɓnde, hoɗnde to Citlalco, ina jokkondiri e makko e jokkere enɗam. E jeegom tlacame e yiɗde jibinde; banndiraaɓe jeegom e dow leydi ina nguuri, ko ɓe ƴiye leƴƴi ceertuɗi : ɓiɗɗo gadano, mawɗo Xelhua, mo Itzocan e Epatlan, e Cuauquechollan, gure ɗe o sosi. Tenoch, mawɗo Aztec claudillo, to Meksik dartini seppo leñol mum, mahi Tenochtitlan mawɗo, wuro maayo. Cuetlachoapan tiiɗɗo oo sosi Ulmecatl, rokki yimɓe mum ŋakkiraaɓe golle jooɗorde. E daande maayo, Xicalancatl, Mixtecatl jaambaaro oo ina rewi. Ko Mixtekapan e nder leyɗeele ɓuuɓɗe; Otomitl, xocoyotl [ɓiɗɗo gorko tokooso], ina wuuri sahaa kala e nder koye saraaji Meksik, ko ɗoon o wuuri e nder yimɓe alɗuɓe ko wayi no Tollan, Xilotepec e Otompan.<ref name="oliver">{{cite book|author=Guilhem Olivier|title=Cacería, Sacrificio y Poder en Mesoamérica: Tras las Huellas de Mixcóatl|url=|date=2015|publisher=Fondo de Cultura Económica|isbn=978-607-16-3216-6|lang=spanish}}</ref> — Jeronimo de Mendiyeta (1525-1604) == Tuugnorgal == dszf8iwer0doy126ibaxq9j25du5za4 0 34988 180897 147065 2026-08-04T22:25:23Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180897 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Ulmecatl''' (e ɗemngal Nahuatl, ‘to kaɓirɗe jibinaa’) ina jeyaa e ɓiɓɓe jeegom mawɓe Mixcoatl e Tlaltecuhtli hoɗɓe e Leydi caggal ilam mawɗam e sahaa Naange joyaɓere e nder miijooji Aztek en. Ɓiɗɗo tataɓo sosɗo Cuetlachoapan, nokku ɗo Puebla woni jooni ɗoo, ko jiidaa e Tontonihuacan e Huitzilapan.<ref>{{cite book|author=Adela Fernández|title=Los Dioses Prehispánicos de México|url=https://archive.org/details/diosesprehispnic0000fern|date=1992|publisher=Editorial Panorama|isbn=968-38-0306-7|language=spanish|page=[https://archive.org/details/diosesprehispnic0000fern/page/159 159]}}</ref><ref name="dicc">{{cite book|author=Cecilio A. Robelo|title=Diccionario de Mitología Nahoa|url=|date=1905|publisher=Editorial Porrúa|isbn=970-07-3149-9|language=spanish|pages=121, 122, 123}}</ref> Taarii Leydi ndii e geec, ina lummboo e nder majji ko juuti, paabi ɓooyɗi, jogiiɗi ujunere jawdi e ɗemɗe ƴiiƴam, e innde haawniinde nde ƴettata, Tlaltecuhtli; Iztac-Mixcoatl, mboddi ruulde daneere ɓuuɓnde, hoɗnde to Citlalco, ina jokkondiri e makko e jokkere enɗam. E jeegom tlacame e yiɗde jibinde; banndiraaɓe jeegom e dow leydi ina nguuri, ko ɓe ƴiye leƴƴi ceertuɗi : ɓiɗɗo gadano, mawɗo Xelhua, mo Itzocan e Epatlan, e Cuauquechollan, gure ɗe o sosi. Tenoch, mawɗo Aztec claudillo, to Meksik dartini seppo leñol mum, mahi Tenochtitlan mawɗo, wuro maayo. Cuetlachoapan tiiɗɗo oo sosi Ulmecatl, rokki yimɓe mum ŋakkiraaɓe golle jooɗorde. E daande maayo, Xicalancatl, Mixtecatl jaambaaro oo ina rewi. Ko Mixtekapan e nder leyɗeele ɓuuɓɗe; Otomitl, xocoyotl [ɓiɗɗo gorko tokooso], ina wuuri sahaa kala e nder koye saraaji Meksik, ko ɗoon o wuuri e nder yimɓe alɗuɓe ko wayi no Tollan, Xilotepec e Otompan.<ref name="oliver">{{cite book|author=Guilhem Olivier|title=Cacería, Sacrificio y Poder en Mesoamérica: Tras las Huellas de Mixcóatl|url=|date=2015|publisher=Fondo de Cultura Económica|isbn=978-607-16-3216-6|language=spanish}}</ref> — Jeronimo de Mendiyeta (1525-1604) == Tuugnorgal == s5job33wxx16nwq3ziim259ipsos2dn 0 35021 180988 147181 2026-08-05T00:04:15Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180988 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Otomitl''' (Iwde e ɗemngal Nahuatl, ‘bone Jute’ walla ‘To otomies ngoni’) ina jeyaa e ɓiɓɓe jeegom mawɓe Iztac-Mixcoatl e Tlaltecuhtli hoɗɓe e Leydi caggal ilam mawɗam e sahaa Naange joyaɓere e nder daartol Aztek en. Ɓiɗɗo jeegom mo ƴetti koye saraaji Meksik, o ummini yimɓe Xilotepec, Tollan, e Otompan.<ref>{{cite book|author=Adela Fernández|title=Los Dioses Prehispánicos de México|url=https://archive.org/details/diosesprehispnic0000fern|date=1992|publisher=Editorial Panorama|isbn=968-38-0306-7|lang=spanish|page=[https://archive.org/details/diosesprehispnic0000fern/page/154 154]}}</ref>.<ref>{{cite book|author=Cecilio A. Robelo|title=Diccionario de Mitología Nahoa|url=|date=1905|publisher=Editorial Porrúa|isbn=970-07-3149-9|lang=spanish|pages=314 & 121, 122, 123}}</ref> Taarii Leydi ndii e geec, ina lummboo e nder majji ko juuti, paabi ɓooyɗi, jogiiɗi ujunere jawdi e ɗemɗe ƴiiƴam, e innde haawniinde nde ƴettata, Tlaltecuhtli; Iztac-Mixcoatl, mboddi ruulde daneere ɓuuɓnde, hoɗnde to Citlalco, ina jokkondiri e makko e jokkere enɗam. E jeegom tlacame e yiɗde jibinde; banndiraaɓe jeegom e dow leydi ina nguuri, ko ɓe ƴiye leƴƴi ceertuɗi : ɓiɗɗo gadano, mawɗo Xelhua, mo Itzocan e Epatlan, e Cuauquechollan, gure ɗe o sosi. Tenoch, mawɗo Aztec claudillo, to Meksik dartini seppo leñol mum, mahi Tenochtitlan mawɗo, wuro maayo. Cuetlachoapan tiiɗɗo oo sosi Ulmecatl, rokki yimɓe mum ŋakkiraaɓe golle jooɗorde. E daande maayo, Xicalancatl, Mixtecatl jaambaaro oo ina rewi. Ko Mixtekapan e nder leyɗeele ɓuuɓɗe; Otomitl, xocoyotl [ɓiɗɗo gorko tokooso], ina wuuri sahaa kala e nder koye saraaji Meksik, ko ɗoon o wuuri e nder yimɓe alɗuɓe ko wayi no Tollan, Xilotepec e Otompan.<ref name="oliver">{{cite book|author=Guilhem Olivier|title=Cacería, Sacrificio y Poder en Mesoamérica: Tras las Huellas de Mixcóatl|url=|date=2015|publisher=Fondo de Cultura Económica|isbn=978-607-16-3216-6|lang=spanish}}</ref> — Jeronimo de Mendiyeta (1525-1604) == Tuugnorgal == 6ra3y8qvxjmljkpgcn2bkt82rqz2xj1 0 35025 181178 147195 2026-08-05T03:34:23Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181178 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mixtecatl''' (Iwde e ɗemngal Nahuatl, ‘Hoɗɓe e leydi duule’) ina jeyaa e ɓiɓɓe jeegom mawɓe Iztac-Mixcoatl e Tlaltecuhtli walla Ilancueitl hoɗɓe e Leydi caggal ilam mawɗam e sahaa Naange joyaɓere e nder daartol Aztek en. Ɓiɗɗo joyaɓo sosɗo Mixtlan ummorii ko ɗo jeyaaɓe e diiwaan ganndiraaɗo hannde Mixteca ummorii.<ref>{{cite book|author=Adela Fernández|title=Los Dioses Prehispánicos de México|url=https://archive.org/details/diosesprehispnic0000fern|date=1992|publisher=Editorial Panorama|isbn=968-38-0306-7|lang=spanish|page=[https://archive.org/details/diosesprehispnic0000fern/page/152 152]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Cecilio A. Robelo|title=Diccionario de Mitología Nahoa|url=|date=1905|publisher=Editorial Porrúa|isbn=970-07-3149-9|lang=spanish|pages=272, 273 & 121, 122, 123}}</ref> Taarii Leydi ndii e geec, ina lummboo e nder majji ko juuti, paabi ɓooyɗi, jogiiɗi ujunere jawdi e ɗemɗe ƴiiƴam, e innde haawniinde nde ƴettata, Tlaltecuhtli; Iztac-Mixcoatl, mboddi ruulde daneere ɓuuɓnde, hoɗnde to Citlalco, ina jokkondiri e makko e jokkere enɗam. E jeegom tlacame e yiɗde jibinde; banndiraaɓe jeegom e dow leydi ina nguuri, ko ɓe ƴiye leƴƴi ceertuɗi : ɓiɗɗo gadano, mawɗo Xelhua, mo Itzocan e Epatlan, e Cuauquechollan, gure ɗe o sosi. Tenoch, mawɗo Aztec .claudillo, to Meksik dartini seppo leñol mum, mahi Tenochtitlan mawɗo, wuro maayo. Cuetlachoapan tiiɗɗo oo sosi Ulmecatl, rokki yimɓe mum ŋakkiraaɓe golle jooɗorde. E daande maayo, Xicalancatl, Mixtecatl jaambaaro oo ina rewi. Ko Mixtekapan e nder leyɗeele ɓuuɓɗe; Otomitl, xocoyotl [ɓiɗɗo gorko tokooso], ina wuuri sahaa kala e nder koye saraaji Meksik, ko ɗoon o wuuri e nder yimɓe alɗuɓe ko wayi no Tollan, Xilotepec e Otompan.<ref name="oliver">{{cite book|author=Guilhem Olivier|title=Cacería, Sacrificio y Poder en Mesoamérica: Tras las Huellas de Mixcóatl|url=|date=2015|publisher=Fondo de Cultura Económica|isbn=978-607-16-3216-6|lang=spanish}}</ref> — Jeronimo de Mendiyeta (1525-1604) == Tuugnorgal == 0h9fkcwh0vxq43klx08tsfu4efq5srp 0 35026 181120 147196 2026-08-05T02:34:32Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181120 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Aktzin'''(Totonac: Ā'ktzini, "Mo waɗata Ɓoornugol") ko laamɗo toɓo, Ɓoornugol e lewru wonande leñol Totonac to Meksik.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=González Torres|first=Yólotl|title=Diccionario de mitología y religión de Mesoamérica|url=https://archive.org/details/diccdemitologiay0000yolo|date=2005|publisher=Larousse|isbn=978-970-607-802-5|edition=1. Aufl., 11. reimpr|location=Madrid|pages=[https://archive.org/details/diccdemitologiay0000yolo/page/188 188]}}</ref> Aktzin ina nanndi e Tláloc e Aztek en e Chaac walla Cabrakán e Maya en,e ɓuri heewde sinkrondirde e Saint John Baptist. Kono kadi omo jogii jokkondire tiiɗɗe e mawɗo maleykaaji Mika’iil.<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Gomes|editor1-first=Chandima|title=Lightning: Science, Engineering, and Economic Implications for Developing Countries|date=2021|publisher=Springer Nature|isbn=978-981-16-3439-0|page=278|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G1w9EAAAQBAJ&pg=PA278|access-date=February 12, 2024}}</ref> O woodiino ko adii Naange, ko kanko woni joom ndiyam ɗam fof, so wonaa ndiyam toɓo ironically enough. O hoɗi ko e "ndiyam mawɗam" to bannge maayo e asamaan to fuɗnaange, ɗo o woni ɗoon e ŋoral fuɗnaange jogiingal aduna, hoɗorde makko kadi siforaama ko les leydi ɗo o tagi daabaaji leɗɗe ngam wonde maccuɓe makko. E fawaade e dualité mesoamerique ; Aktzin ko dokkuɗo nguurndam e ƴettuɗo nguurndam, jiɗɗo ɓuuɓnude aduna no maayɓe e ɓuuɓnude (Totonacan: Mū’xtu’nîn ) ngontiri maccuɓe makko ; worɓe ɓee ndokki mo ɓuuɓde e maayo, rewɓe ɓee ndogi resde mo. Maccuɓe ronkuɓe ɓee nguuri ko e ɓulli, e maayooji e ɓulli ; ɗo ɓe njiylotoo e ronkude wuurɓe ngam sosde maccuɓe ɓurɓe heewde. Aktzin ina yiyee ko dognoowo, yaroowo, ɓuuɓɗo no feewi. Ko kanko nanetee ina wulla no jagguɗo nii so toɓo arii. Haalaaji ina mbiya wonde ko kanko woni jibinannde tuubaaji e sehil daabaaji. Daartol makko hono Saint John ina haala no o wariri mboros mawɗo biyeteeɗo "koye sappo e jeeɗiɗi", hoɗnooɗo to Chicontepec, bonɗo e yimɓe. John fooɗi mboddi ndii, waɗi ɗum fadde hoore mum ko adii e nder maayo, ɗo o haɓɓaa e gite Debbo, ɗoon o heddotoo, tan o waawi diwde hoore makko o wulla. Kono e nder daartol goɗngol, ko Aktzin woni mbonki kulɓiniiki, fenaande, kaɓɓaande haa abada e nder geec, Arɗo Maleykaaji Mika’el. To Tepango, kam e gure goɗɗe Totonacapan, o siforaama wonde ko o mawɗo no tufnde nii, omo jogii luggere kaŋŋe, juuɗe makko ina ŋakki. Jaaltaaɓe Espaañnaaɓe e gardagol Hernán Cortés kawri e siwil en Totonac e hitaande 1519,[4] caggal jokkondiral maɓɓe gadanal e Maya en to duunde Yucatán. Terɗe Totonac ɗee ngonnoo ko saraaji maayo Golf e nder ko wiyetee hannde dowla Veracruz. Wuro El Tajín (Wuro Alla ɓuuɓɗo), ko nokku arkewolosi mo heddiiɓe e laamorgo Totonac ina njogii ko ina ɓura duuɓi 1 000. == Tuugnorgal == 2sy9gztrfojg10j9gxuoexaoxe1xn52 0 35082 181112 147359 2026-08-05T02:26:53Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181112 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Tuna''' ko laamɗo ƴiye. E nder daartol Hawaii o haɓata ko e Māui, mo woni kala ina jokkondiri e debbo mum Hina. Māui wari mo, taƴi hoore makko, aawi ɗum sara galle makko. Ɓoorno-ɗaa wutte daneejo ina yalta e nokku ɗo hoore ndee wirnaa ɗoo, ina mawna haa wonta ɓuuɓri adanndi. E nder daartol Mangaia Tuna ko giɗo Hine, e naamnaade yo hoore mum taƴe, lelnee ngam haɗde ilam. Ɓoornugol koko ina mawna e hoore.Feertugol daartol ngol ina haalee e daartol Samoa Sina e Eel.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Lessons of Nature in Mythology|url=https://archive.org/details/lessonsofnaturei0000mcco|author=Rachel S. McCoppin|publisher=McFarland|page=[https://archive.org/details/lessonsofnaturei0000mcco/page/41 41]|year=2015}}</ref><ref name="Fodd 1999">{{cite book|last1=Flood|first1=Bo|last2=Strong|first2=Beret E.|last3=Flood|first3=William|last4=Adams|first4=Connie J.|title=Pacific Island legends : tales from Micronesia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Australia|date=1999|publisher=Honolulu, Hawaiʻi : Bess Press|isbn=978-1-57306-084-4|pages=182–185|url=https://archive.org/details/pacificislandleg00bofl}}</ref><ref>Alpers, Anthony. ''Legends of the South Sea''. London: John Murray, 1970.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.taumeasinaislandresortsamoa.com/about-us/blog-posts/post/legend-of-sina|title=The Legend Of Sina and The Eel|publisher=Taumeasina Island Resort|date=|access-date=10 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sheilalamb.com/sina-story.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070910042622/http://www.sheilalamb.com/sina-story.html|url-status=usurped|archive-date=September 10, 2007|title=Sina and the Eel: The Origin of the Coconut|publisher=Sheila Lamb|date=|access-date=10 August 2021}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == 3q08tbkr904lo03tus1pbti9elaitzu 0 35150 180838 162988 2026-08-04T21:23:56Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180838 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ngaru''' ko jaambaaro miijooji ummoriiɗo Avaiki (Hawaiki) e nder miijooji Mangaia e nder duuɗe Cook. Yumma Ngaru ko Vaiare e mawniiko liingu mawngu ngu Moko. Debbo makko ko Tongatea belɗo. Ngam hollirde doole makko, o haɓi e Tikokura e ƴiye Tumuitearetoka, ɗe o fooli e ballal Moko o jippii caggal ɗuum e nder aduna les oo, o arti e leydi wuurɓe ɗo o fooli caggal ɗuum ƴiye asamaan e Amai-te-rangi, jinne asamaan.<ref>{{cite book|title=Myths and Songs from the South Pacific|url=https://archive.org/details/mythsandsongsfr02mlgoog|author=William Wyatt Gill|publisher=H. S. King & Company|location=London|date=1876|page=[https://archive.org/details/mythsandsongsfr02mlgoog/page/225 225]-237}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.jps.auckland.ac.nz/docs/Volume124/JPS_124_2_03.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180212192905/http://www.jps.auckland.ac.nz/docs/Volume124/JPS_124_2_03.pdf|archive-date=2018-02-12|url-status=live|title=NGARU: A CULTURE HERO OF MANGAIA|author=Michael P. J. Reilly|journal=Journal of the Polynesian Society|volume=124|issue=2|date=2015|page=150-153|access-date=2 September 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Dictionary of Polynesian Mythology|author=R.D. Craig|publisher=Greenwood Press|location=New York|date=1989|page=184}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == {{reflist}} [[Category:Miijooji Ocean]] axiznrbfbkn52kc6pkd0gnk3xkd8bra 0 35155 181027 147758 2026-08-05T01:04:24Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181027 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Nana-Ula walla Nanaulu''' ko jaambaaro ardinooɗo leñol mum gila Tahiti haa Hawai. Ko kanko woni laamɗo gadano Hawaii, o fuɗɗii laamu laamɗo.Hawaii]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The legends and myths of Hawaii : the fables and folk-lore of a strange people|url=https://archive.org/details/bwb_W9-DAF-241|author=David Kalakaua|publisher=Charles L. Webster|location=New York|page=[https://archive.org/details/bwb_W9-DAF-241/page/19 19]|date=1888}}</ref> Kalakaua, e laamu mum laamɗo cakkitiiɗo Hawaii, winnditii Leƴƴi e Mitooji Hawaii. O jaɓi tesis Abraham Fornander wonde "leñol" Polineesi ummorii ko e "Ariyankooɓe" e nder Asii tokooso egguɓe to Asii fuɗnaange-rewo rewrude e Inndo e caggal mum saaktude e nder teeminannde adannde e ɗiɗmere. Ɗee miijooji ina luulndinoo e oon sahaa.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Letter|title=Fornander's Polynesian Race|journal=Science|date=Oct 15, 1886|volume=8|issue=193|pages=355–6|jstor=1761355|bibcode=1886Sci.....8..355F|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1761355|access-date=23 June 2023}}</ref> Koolol maɓɓe gadanol ngol ko e fedde Fiyi, ɗo ɓe ngoppi mbaydi maɓɓe e Papuwaanaaɓe jibinaaɓe. Riiwaaɓe e Fiyinaaɓe, walla e yiɗde mum en, caggal nde ɓe ngoni toon e yontaaji keewɗi, Polineesinaaɓe ndarii e dow Pasifik, ɓe keɓi e daawal pelle duuɗe keewɗe ɗo ɓe ngoni jooni ɗoo. E yahde e laawol duuɗe Samoa e Society, ɓuuɓol ngol yettaaki e fedde Hawaii ndee haa hedde cagataagal teeminannde jeegom. Nanaula, mawɗo tedduɗo, ko kañum adii artude e duuɗe fuɗnaange ɗee. Anndaaka so tawii o yiyti fedde ndee ko e ɓuuɓde e henndu bonndu, walla e anniyaade yahde to woɗɗi e dow geec ngam yiylaade leyɗeele kese. E nder heen, o addi laamɓe makko, almuɓɓe makko, annabaaɓe makko e annduɓe koode makko, e fedde heewnde almudɓe e reennooɓe. O rokkaama kadi pucci, baali e colli, e aawdi e gertooɗe leɗɗe nafooje ngam yaajnude. Ina gasa tawa o tawi fedde nde alaa hoɗɓe e yimɓe. E nder oon sahaa——ina gasa tawa ko e nguurndam Nanaula——mawɓe woɗɓe ɓe ngalaa nafoore ngari e ɓesnguuji mum en e almudɓe mum en tawa ko Tahiti walla Samoa. Ɓe ngari ko e bargeeji e laanaaji mawɗi ɗiɗo, baawɗi hoɗde tuggi capanɗe joyi haa teemedere neɗɗo gooto heen fof. Ɓe ngaddi wonaa tan almuɓɓe maɓɓe e laamɓe maɓɓe, kono ko aadaaji Polineesi ɓurɗi ɓooyde. Ina sikkaa hay gooto e ardinooɓe jamaanu Nanaula meeɗaa hootde e duuɗe fuɗnaange ɗee, kadi woɗɓe ndewaani ɗoon e ɗoon mbaydi eggugol adanndi ndi yimɓe mum ngonnoo e fedde Hawaii ndee. == Tuugnorgal == ofbdtros33lfstmsjmw56ql1xf0n6em 0 35165 180825 147792 2026-08-04T21:10:18Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180825 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Miijooji Oseani e Laamɓe diiwaan Pasifik''' ko toɓɓe caɗtuɗe, ceertuɗe. Daartol ngol ƴellitii e nder teeminanɗe keewɗe e kala duunde wonnde e Oseani. So tawii won laamɓe ina ndenndi hakkunde pelle duuɗe keewɗe, woɗɓe ina keewi e duuɗe goote walla hay e duunde wootere. Darnde maɓɓe tigi-rigi ina heewi jokkondirde, sibu laamɗo gooto ina waawi feeñde e nokkuuji ceertuɗi e inɗe ceertuɗe. Laamɗo ina waawi kadi feeñde e mbaadiiji keewɗi ceertuɗi.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Dixon|first=Roland|title=The Mythology of All Races|date=1916|publisher=Marshall Jones|edition=Part 5|pages=265–307}}</ref> Oseani ko innde huuɓtodinnde huutorteende e diiwaan jaajɗo no feewi ina jeyaa heen Polineesi, Mikroneesi, Ostarali, Tasmani e ko nanndi heen. Hay e nder ɗeen pelle (ex. Polineesi), ina woodi haa jooni renndooji e leƴƴi ceertuɗi e nder pine mum en. Ndee doggol wonaa doggol timmungol miijooji, ko dental tan e geɗe ɓurɗe anndeede e diiwanuuji ceertuɗi.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Oliver|first=Douglas L.|title=Oceania: The Native Cultures of Australia and the Pacific Islands.|publisher=Honolulu, University Of Hawaii Press|year=1989|isbn=9780824810191|edition=illustrated|pages=134-135}}</ref> == Polineesi == Miijo tagoore ɓurngo anndeede e ma a taw ɓurngo yaajde e nder Polineesi fuɗɗotoo ko e Po. Po ko niɓɓere nde alaa fof annoore e nguurndam. Won ɗo ɓuuɓol fuɗɗii e nder Po, ndeen annoore fuɗɗii jalbude haa ñalnde heen ñalawma tagi. Caggal ñalawma ari Baaba Asamaan e Yumma Leydi, ina wiyee Rangi e Papa. Rangi ƴetti Papa e laamɓe njibinaa. Ina woodi mbaydiiji keewɗi e ngalɗoo daartol e nder pine Polineesi, kono heewɓe ina kawri wonde laamɓe adanɓe ɓee ummorii ko e maɓɓe. Kono won e binndanɗe ina kollita wonde Rangi ƴettii rewɓe heewɓe woɗɓe ngam sosde laamɓe ɓeydaaɓe ɓe ndeen tagi ko woni e Leydi koo fof.<ref name=":02" /><ref>{{Cite book|last=Westervelt|first=William|title=Legends of Ma-ui, a Demi God of Polynesia|url=https://archive.org/details/legendsmauiadem00westgoog|publisher=Hawaiian Gazette|year=1910|pages=[https://archive.org/details/legendsmauiadem00westgoog/page/n32 12]–91}}</ref> Miijo wooto renndinngo hakkunde pine Oceanian keewɗe ko goongɗinde jinneeji. Daartol keewngol e nder duuɗe keewɗe ko wonde ruuhu cukalel ina feeñira e dolfiniiji, ina heewi anndeede e mum en ina njuula ñalnde kala. Maui Maui ina jeyaa e demi-laamɓe ɓurɓe anndeede e heewde haaleede e nder daartol Polineesi. So tawii Maui wonaa tagɗo, omo siforee rokkude neɗɗaagu ko heewi e ko ina haani wuurde e ƴellitaade, ko wayi no yiite e duuɗe kese ɗe o ligginoo e maayo. == Ostarali == Ko seeɗa tan anndaa e ko leƴƴi Aborigine en Ostarali ngoongɗini ko fayti e tagoore Leydi. So tawii won siftordeeji laaɓtuɗi ko fayti e kala ko laamɗo walla tagoore ɓurnde toowde tagi, humpitooji seeɗa ina ngoodi ko fayti e sifaa oo tagoore walla no ɗe njogii nafoore e leƴƴi ɗii. Ko min njiyata e daartol Aborigine en ko daartol keewngol ko fayti e daabaaji jeyaaɗi e leydi ndii ko wayi no pelikan e kangaroo, e no ɗi ngardi. Daartol gootol ina jokkondiri e ko wonaa dewgal; debbo gooto ina wiyee Narina ina lelni e Kilpuruna, ko sehil jom suudu mum Yuruma. Yuruma yiyti haala maɓɓe, o riiwti Kilpuruna e lekki toowki. Doggol ngol ina muusi haa Kilpuruna ɓuuɓtii, wayliima wonti ƴiye ɓuuɓɗe, Yuruma wonti Eagle haa abada ina doga ƴiye. Narina wayliima wonti koɗo, fiyi nokku e nokku, ina woya giɗo mum majjuɗo. Taali goɗɗi ina pammina tagoore lewru e naange. E fuɗɗoode, annoore alaa, yimɓe ina poti yiylaade nguura e nder niɓɓere, ñaama ɗum kosam. Purukupali, sikkaa ko neɗɗo gadano tagaaɗo, e sehil mum Japra, pelliti ñalnde heen ɓuuɓnude leɗɗe ɗiɗi, yiite fuɗɗii. Purukupali anndi ndee yiite ina jogori wallude yim6e, o rokki Japra lampa gooto, o rokki miñiiko debbo biyeteeɗo Wuriupranala, o wiyi ɓe yo ɓe ndartu lampaaji ɗii ko waawi wonde fof. Japra e Wuriupranala ngonti lewru-gorko e naange-debbo, haa abada ina njaha e asamaan ngam haɗde Aborigine en meeɗde fadde e niɓɓere kadi.Mikroneesi Mikronesi ina waɗi ko ina ɓura 2 000 duunde Pasifik so hawrii e Hawaii e Filipiin. Kala duunde ina jogii aduna mum to bannge atoluuji koraay, yimɓe jeyaaɓe e ɗeen diiwanuuji ina kuutoroo ɗum en ngam nafoore mum en. Resooji njulaagu tabitinaaɗi ƴellitii e nder duuɓi rewrude e daande maayo hirnaange ɗeen duuɗe, addani duuɗe ɗee laawol nguurndam. Won e leyɗeele e nder ɗeen nokkuuje ina jeyaa heen Palau, Guam, duuɗe Mariana Fuɗnaange, Dowlaaji Fedde Mikronesi, e ko nanndi heen. Duunde Mariana ndee wonti koloñaal e hitaande 1668, tawi ko njiylawu Purtugeec gooto biyeteeɗo Ferdinand Magellan ; ndeeɗoo golle koloñaal ko adii fof e nokku hee, ko ɓooyaani koo, Espaañ jaggini denndaangal cate duuɗe ɗee. Kono, ɗum wonaa ko aldaa e batte. Leñol Chamorro (jibinannde Marianas) haɓii e Españool en. Ɗum wayliima wonti hare juutnde duuɓi capanɗe, nde joofni ko e warngooji baɗnooɗi e leñol Chamorro en, wayli yimɓe ɓee gila e 100 000 haa e 4 000 neɗɗo. Duuɓi keewɗi, hareeji ɓurɗi heewde ngam jeyde duuɗe Mikroneesi ina njahra yeeso no feewi. Nokkuuji keewɗi ƴettaa e les njiimaandi Oropnaaɓe, leƴƴi asliiji ɗii njippinaa, fitinaaji ɓeydii heen. Ko e kitaale 1960’en tan, darnde dekolonisaasiyoŋ fuɗɗii ; ko duunde Nauru adii rimɗude. E nder hareeji e fitinaaji ɗii fof, ɗemɗe neeniije keewɗe, daartol, miijooji, e pine ina njiimi e nder caɗeele. Yimɓe Micronesia ina njokki e goongɗinde laamɓe mum en e daartol mum en, ko wayi no laamɓe tagooɓe ceertuɓe. Ina jeyaa e ko ɓuri teeŋtude, laamɗo tagɗo biyeteeɗo Loa, laamɗo duuɗe Marshall. Ine wiyee ko gorko e debbo gadano, Wulleb e Limdunanij ummorii ko e koyngal makko. Mikronesiya ina nanndi e Ostarali sibu ina ŋakki tagooje laaɓtuɗe, tee ina jokki e daartol tokosol ko wayi no naange, lewru, e won e golle pinal. Gooto e ɗeen daartol ko gujjugol lewru. Mawɗo gooto ina ñaagoo yimɓe leñol mum fof yo ngaddan ɗum lewru, o wi’a kala gadduɗo ɗum ina waawi resde ɓiyiiko debbo. Suka miskiino jiyɗo wujjude lewru ina addana ɗum mawɗo, so wonaa lewru nduu ina ɓuuɓnaa e ɓuuɓri. Suka oo wi’i mawɗo oo woto ittu koppi ɗii, caggal ɗuum o ƴetta ɓiɗɗo mawɗo oo o resnda ɗum. Mawɗo oo nanataa suka oo, o itta heen 6oggi, nde o ittata heen fof, lewru ina 6eydoo jalbude haa 6ooyi, o itta 6oggi cakkitii6i cfii, lewru nduu wonta 6ooygol ngol muñataa, o 6ooytoo e asamaan. Mawɗo oo yahi to suka oo ngam haalande ɗum ko waɗi koo, o wiyi suka oo yo ƴettu lewru nduu kadi, kono suka oo wiyi ɗum waawaa waɗde, o wiyi yo ɓe ngoppu lewru nduu e asamaan mbele yimɓe fof ina njiya. Daartol goɗngol ina hollita keewal ndiyam laaɓɗam e duunde Fuɗnaange Fayu. Wonno heen ko jinne ummoriiɗo Onari yahnoo yiylaade ndiyam, sibu duuɗe Mikroneesi keewɗe ngalaa ndiyam laaɓɗam. Jinne oo tawi heen, felliti nawde ɗum haa Onari e hunuko mum. E nder laawol, o yiyi mawningol ina waɗa e duunde Fuɗnaange Fayu. Debbo gooto noddi jinne oo e ñalngu nguu kono o yaawi teskaade o saliima udditaade hunduko makko, ɗum firti ko o suuɗii huunde teeŋtunde. O 6uuccii caggal jinne oo, o 6uuccii mo, haa jinne oo jaali, o 6uuccii ndiyam ɗam. Gila ndeen, ndiyam laaɓɗam ina tawee e Fuɗnaange Fayu e ɓuuɓnude ɓulli. Ndiyam ɗam ina laaɓi haa ɗam ɗaɓɓaani ɓuuɓde no ndiyam ɗam heewde e duuɗe taariiɗe ɗum nii. == Tuugnorgal == 0xwf92e3pvlygk50zb4j593h7nvm1if 0 35174 180914 162937 2026-08-04T22:45:30Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180914 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Miru''' ko laamɗo debbo e nder daartol Polineesi e duuɗe Cook jooɗiiɗo to Avaiki les Mangaia. Omo anndaa ko o ñaamoowo ruuhuuji maayɓe. Laawol gootol ngol o ñaamata ruuhuuji ɗii ko waɗde ɗi e nder lowre centipedes guurɗi, addana ɗi ɓuuɓde e mette. <ref>{{cite book|title=Myths and Songs from the South Pacific|url=https://archive.org/details/mythsandsongsfr02mlgoog|author=William Wyatt Gill|publisher=H. S. King & Company|location=London|date=1876|pages=[https://archive.org/details/mythsandsongsfr02mlgoog/page/172 172]–174}}</ref> Miru ina hirjina ɓe yo ɓe ɗaɓɓu ballal e diwde e nder maayo, ɗo ɓe njippotoo. Ɗe mbaawi ndeen defde, ñaameede e sahaa makko. Ooɗoo laamɗo kadi ina haalee e nder jimɗi ɗi Alistair Te Ariki Campbell winndi e nder dille mum to duuɗe Cook. Hay so tawii ko seeɗa, siftorde makko Miru ina haala e miijo wonde so o naatii Savaiki (leydi asliiji leñol Polineesi), ruuhuuji maayɓe ina mbaawi nanngeede e Miru e wallidiiɓe mum, "stupefying" ruuhuuji e dow Kava (yaram baawɗam saabaade maale nannduɗe e derunvoues to being. Tapairu ko ɓiɓɓe makko rewɓe, Tau-Titi ko ɓiyiiko debbo.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1312322734|title='A Journey from Despair': Alistair Te Ariki Campbell's The Dark Lord of Savaiki|author=Suzanne Nola|date=2005|website=ProQuest|id={{ProQuest|1312322734}}}}</ref> Miru feeñii kadi e nder daartol Maori (New Zealand) ko Debbo Maayde. == Tuugnorgal == {{reflist}} [[Category:Stub]] [[Category:Miijooji Polineesi]] 7hmafh272yanxumm2xdytqy4ml18kca 0 35190 181116 162993 2026-08-05T02:30:35Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181116 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Marama''' ko laamɗo Polineesi ceertuɗo e wakilaagu e nafoore fawaade e renndo walla leñol ngol kaal-ɗen ngol.<ref>[http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-Bes02Reli-t1-body-d4-d5-d3.html Maori religion and mythology Part 2: Lunar Myths]</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Smith Craighill Handy|first=Edward|title=Polynesian Religion|url=https://archive.org/details/polynesianreligi0000hand|date=1927|publisher=The Museum|edition=12th|pages=[https://archive.org/details/polynesianreligi0000hand/page/35 35]–101}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tregear|first=E|date=September 1893|title=Asiatic Gods in the Pacific|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20701291|journal=The Journal of the Polynesian Society|volume=2|issue=3|pages=133–139|jstor=20701291}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> E leñol Maori, Marama ko lewru, laamɗo gorko resnduɗo Hina, ɓiy Tangaroa. Kono kadi lewru ina hiisee wonde jom suudu rewɓe fof sabu batte lewru e rewɓe lewru kala. E nder duuɗe Gambier, Marama ina hiisee kadi wonde lewru, kono to Samoa e Tahiti, Marama ina hiisee wonde laamɗo Annoore, ina teeŋtina no miijooji ceertuɗi mbaawirta wonde, haa teeŋti noon e nder yaajde Oseani. To leydi Samoa, Marama ina hiisee kadi wonde sosɗo e gardotooɗo gollotooɓe leɗɗe e kaɓirɗe. Falnde Opunohu ina waɗi daawe 3 ɗe Tahitinaaɓe keɓti, hono Atiro'o (7-1650), Marama (1650-1788), e Pomare (1788-1843). Faandaare Marama ndee inniraa ko galle Marama heɓtuɗo Atiro'o, fecci falnde ndee e Amehiti e Tupaururu, caggal ɗuum waɗi koɗki kesi e nder Tupaururu.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Descantes|first=Christophe|date=1993|title=Simple Marae of the 'Opunohu Valley Mo'orea, Society Islands, French Polynesia|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20706504|journal=The Journal of the Polynesian Society|volume=102|issue=2|pages=187–216|issn=0032-4000}}</ref> == Iwdi == Ko seeɗa anndaa e Marama, siftorde makko heewnde ko ngam humpitaade tan iwdi laamɓe woɗɓe ɓurɓe maantinde e oon sahaa. Iwdi ndii ko nii : Ko adii fof ko Toowɗo, Io, ummoraade e Io ummorii ko Marama, ummoraade e Marama ummorii ko Po. E joofnirde, ummoraade e Po, ko Rangi e Papa, Baaba Asamaan e Yumma Leydi, ɗo laamɓe woɗɓe ɓee fof iwdi. == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol laamɓe lewru Miijooji Oseani == Tuugnorgal == {{reflist}} [[Category:Miijooji Ocean]] e95tmajyqghchq7oa8h65s9dmjin07a 0 35210 181184 148120 2026-08-05T03:41:31Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181184 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Rondpoint-de-la-ville-de-Nola-en-Republique-centrafricaine.jpg|thumb|Nola, Central African Republic]] '''Nola''' ko laamorgo Sangha-Mbaéré, prefektuur faggudu e nder Caka Afrik. O woni ko ɗo maayo Kadéï e maayo Mambere kawriti. Maayo Sangha ina sosaa ɗoo sabu maayooji kaal-ɗen dow ɗii. == Tariya == E hitaande 1911, nokku gonɗo sara Bouar oo, Farayse rokki ɗum Almaañ e dow sarɗiiji nanondiral Maruk e Kongo, wonti jeyaaɗo e koloni Almaañ biyeteeɗo Neukamerun haa Faraysenaaɓe heɓti ɗum e wolde adunaare adannde Almaañnaaɓe. Mawɗo nokku goɗɗo, hono Ngoukou I, kadi wallitii haɓde e Almaañnaaɓe.<ref name="Dictionary">{{cite book|last1=Bradshaw|first1=Richard|last2=Fandos-Rius|first2=Juan|date=2016|title=Historical Dictionary of the Central African Republic|edition=New|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|location=Lanham, Maryland|isbn=9780810879911|page=200}}</ref> Ñawu ɗanngal ɓooyii wonde haala e nokkuuji saraaji Nola. E jamaanu koloñaal, laamuuji Farayse puɗɗiima waɗde kampaañ mboros bonɗo, mo jooni sellaani, biyeteeɗo ‘lomidinisation’. Nola e Yokadouma to Konngo Farayse ko cakkital ngalɗoo kampaañ baɗte ñawu nguu.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Lachenal|first1=Guillaume|title=The Lomidine Files: The untold story of a medical disaster in colonial Africa|url=https://archive.org/details/lomidinefilesunt0000lach|date=2017|publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press|location=Baltimore|isbn=9781421423241}}</ref> Ñalnde 28 marse 2013 Nola nanngaa e juuɗe konu Séléka. Ñalnde 12 feebariyee 2014 wuro ngoo heɓtaa ko milisaaji Anti-balaka. Juulɓe 17 mbaraama to Nola e lewru feebariyee 2014 e juuɗe Anti-balakas tawi heddiiɓe ɓee ndogi fayde leydi Kamerun. E lewru suwee 2016 Nola hollitaama ina woppi pelle murtuɗe.<ref>[https://www.ipisresearch.be/mapping/webmapping/car/v3/#3.5240260000000063/16.14494000000002/11/2/1,17,13/ IPIS Map CAR V3]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210412183431/https://ccfd-terresolidaire.org/IMG/pdf/rapport_.pdf Les Peuhls Mbororo de Centrafrique une communauté qui souffre], page 38</ref><ref>[https://www.thediamondloupe.com/sites/awdcnewswall/files/attachments/Kimberley%20Process%20declares%20three%20more%20zones%20in%20Central%20African%20Republic%20as%20%27Compliant%20Zones%27%20-%2027%20September%202016%20-%20ENG_0.pdf KIMBERLEY PROCESS DECLARES THREE MORE ZONES IN CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC (CAR) AS ‘COMPLIANT ZONES’], 27 September 2016</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> c52ae4awvtgudj4s7jgmdwbgvhmnm1d 0 35247 180930 148063 2026-08-04T23:04:33Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180930 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kigango''' (keewgol: vigango) ko nate ciftorgol leɗɗe cewɗe ɗe leƴƴi Mijikenda en to bannge worgo-fuɗnaange leydi Keñiya mbaɗi. Vigango, baawɗo stylized, abstracted effigies mbaadi neɗɗo e waɗeede e dow leydi ina ummoo e dow leydi, ina teddina tergal maayngal e nder renndo Gohu sirlu, walla "Renndo Barkeeji".<ref>Reyman, Jonathan E., 2008, "The Long Journey Home of Kalume Mwakiru's''Vigango''", ''The Living Museum'' 69 (4): 3-7.</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Vigango: Commemorative Sculpture of the Mijikenda of Kenya|url=https://archive.org/details/vigangocommemora0000wolf|last=Wolfe, III|first=Ernie|publisher=Williams College Museum of Art|year=1986|isbn=9780913697023|location=Williamstown, Massachusetts|pages=[https://archive.org/details/vigangocommemora0000wolf/page/54 54]}}</ref> E aadaaji, eɗe njaɓaa daraade haa ɗe mbonna, walla ɗe ngoppitaa, ɗe lomtinaa e nokkuuji gure garooji ɗii, ko limre yontaaji ɗiɗaɓere anndiraande kibao (keewceeral: vibao), tawa noon ɗe mbayliima kala doole ruuhuyankooje cikkanooɗe ina keddii e kigango asliijo oo. Ɗum ko batte nafoore nde Mijikenda waɗi e nder teeminanɗe keewɗe, ko wayi no ndema ɓuuɓka e ɓuuɓnude, caggal ɗuum, waylude nokkuuji gure ɗii sahaa e sahaa fof..<ref>Reyman, Jonathan E., 2008, "The Long Journey Home of Kalume Mwakiru's''Vigango''", ''The Living Museum'' 69 (4): 7.</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=An Introduction to the Arts of Kenya|last=Wolfe, III|first=Ernie|publisher=Museum of African Art: Smithsonian Institution|year=1979|isbn=0-9603660-0-8|location=Washington, D.C.|pages=25}}</ref> Kigango leɗɗe tiiɗɗe ina fotnoo wonde nguurndam, ina gasa tawa ko pentiirɗo.<ref name="Parkin2006">{{cite book|last=Parkin|first=David|title=The Sacred Void: Spatial Images of Work and Ritual Among the Giriama of Kenya|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aTjrLBJlW2IC&pg=PA209|date=16 March 2006|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-02498-3|pages=209–}}</ref> Vigango ina mawnina, ina mooftaa e naalankooɓe e mooftooɓe e nder winndere ndee, ina jeyaa heen Andy Warhol.[6] Vigango keewɗo ina woni hannde e nder galleeji Amerik, hay so tawii won heen tawaama ina ngujjaa, ina ngartiraa Keñiya. Kono vigango ina yeeyee e peeñcu e nder sariya e nder galleeji ñeeñal e cuuɗi curio e nder leydi Keñiya gila e fuɗɗoode kitaale 1970 haa ko famɗi fof e cakkital kitaale 1990. Anthropologist Monica Udvardy mo duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kentucky, ɓuri waawde winndude ko fayti e gujjugol vigango e wartirde ɗum en e nder galleeji Amerik e Orop. E lewru sulyee 2023, suudu defte diiwaan Illinois artiri 37 nate ciftorgol leɗɗe, anndiraaɗe vigango, to suudu defte ngenndiije Keñiya ngam artirde ɗum en e renndooji Mijikenda. Ɗeeɗoo nate ina njiytee e geɗe pinal ceniɗe, ina cikka ina njogii ruuhuuji mawɓe worɓe maayɓe. == Tuugnorgal == fzi2qqjtci0ww4l3wlwayipfquyoqja 0 35286 180951 148158 2026-08-04T23:29:40Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180951 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Auriaria''' ko mawɗo mawɗo boɗeejo[citation ina haani] e demigod ummoriiɗo Samoa.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Sigrah|first1=Raobeia Ken|last2=King|first2=Stacey M.|title=Te Rii Ni Banaba|url=https://archive.org/details/teriinibanaba0000sigr|date=2001|publisher=Institute of Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific|isbn=978-982-02-0322-8|page=[https://archive.org/details/teriinibanaba0000sigr/page/102 102]|language=en}}</ref> E wiyde lefol ngol, Auriaria yiɗiino debbo belɗo, boɗeejo, biyeteeɗo Nei Tituaabine, kono o dañaani ɓiɗɗo. O maayi, e yanaande makko leɗɗe tati njibina : ɓuuɓri e hoore makko, pandanus e paɗe makko e almond e ɓuuɓri makko. O wonti laamɗo leɗɗe.[citation ina haani]. == Tuugnorgal == mqkdy5ktjx8pmufkp1uf6tsapby9pkn 0 35299 181185 148195 2026-08-05T03:42:32Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181185 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Atarapa''' ("ñalngu") ko laamɗo fajiri e ɓiɗɗo debbo Haronga.<ref>{{cite book|title=MYTHS AND LEGENDS OF THE POLYNESIANS|author=Johannes Carl Andersen|publisher=C. E. TUTTLE|location=Rutland, VT|year=1969|page=376}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Pacific mythology : an encyclopedia of myth and legend|url=https://archive.org/details/pacificmythology0000knap|author=Jan Knappert|publisher=Diamond Books|location=London|year=1995|page=[https://archive.org/details/pacificmythology0000knap/page/55 55],98}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == a9uw5hi8v8welew81epd7nmcrex68qg 0 35365 181098 170539 2026-08-05T02:13:05Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181098 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Abere''' ko jinne ummoriiɗo e taariik [[Melanesiya]]. O hollitaama ko debbo "ladde" e sukaaɓe rewɓe gollooɓe. Ina wiyee omo hoɗi e marseeji. O fooɗata yimɓe e makko ko e ŋarɗugol makko, o nannga ɓe e waɗde reedu ina mawna e saraaji maɓɓe.So ɓe nanngaama, o jokka e ñaamde ɓiɗɓe makko.<ref name="Abere">{{cite book|title=Spirits, Fairies, Leprechauns and Goblin. The Abere is a particularly vicious mermaid species|url=https://archive.org/details/spiritsfairiesle0000caro|publisher=Norton|isbn=978-0-393-31792-3|chapter=A|pages=[https://archive.org/details/spiritsfairiesle0000caro/page/n10 1]|year=1998|last=Rose|first=Carol}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Coulter|first1=Charles Russell|last2=Turner|first2=Patricia|title=Encyclopedia of Ancient Deities|date=4 July 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-96397-2|page=7|language=en|quote=Abere (Melanesia): Demoness. Abere was known as a wild, provocative woman who murdered men. It was said that the mimia reed grew around her to hide her from her victims. She was known for having a number of young female companions.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Rose|first=Carol|title=Giants, monsters, and dragons: an encyclopedia of folklore, legend, and myth|url=https://archive.org/details/giantsmonstersdr0000rose|date=2000|publisher=ABC-Clio, inc|isbn=978-0-87436-988-5}}</ref> == Himobe == 9eeznqy7udbgypmn0vhubvvf8ln0qw9 0 35374 181095 148417 2026-08-05T02:10:38Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181095 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Wakíŋyaŋ''' ko helmere lakotaaji firtata ko « ɓuuɓol ». Ina waawi kadi wonde portmanteau jokkondirɗo e "wahka" ("seniiɗo") e "kinyan" ("baagal"). Konngol ngol ina heewi firteede ko "Ruuhuuji ɓuuɓɗi", "Tagooje ɓuuɓɗe", walla "Colli ɓuuɓɗi". Heyokas, woni luutndiiɓe, ina koyɗa Wakinyankooɓe ina mbaawi ustude seddere (Juniperus scopulorum) ngam reende koye mum en e ɓuuɓol e lewru, nde tawnoo Wakinyankooɓe ina teddini leɗɗe, bonnataa ɗe.<ref>[http://www.native-languages.org/thunderer.htm Legendary Native American Figures: Thunderer (Wakinyan) ]</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Tyon|first1=Thomas|editor1-last=Walker|editor1-first=James R.|title=Lakota Belief and Ritual|url=https://archive.org/details/lakotabeliefritu00walk|date=1991|publisher=University of Nebraska Press|location=Lincoln|page=[https://archive.org/details/lakotabeliefritu00walk/page/155 155]}}</ref> Filmoowo e dognoowo henndu Martin Lisius waɗii filmo juutɗo e hitaande 2016 ina wiyee, "Wakíŋyaŋ" teddinoowo "ruuhu ɓuuɓɗo" Wakíŋyaaji Lakota en. == Tuugnorgal == 3zztptstksn2xf752gdo3wbnthjw05t 0 35375 181127 148422 2026-08-05T02:43:01Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181127 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Wakan Tanka''' (Ortogaraafi Lakota : Wakȟáŋ Tȟáŋka) ko helmere ko selli walla ko diine.Ɗum heewi firteede ko "Ruuhu Mawɗo" e sahaa e sahaa fof ko "Sirlu Mawɗo".divinity|divine]].<ref>The Indians' Book. Edited by [[Natalie Curtis Burlin]]. [https://books.google.com/books?id=WcYWAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA38 p38]-40</ref><ref>Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, Volume 4. [[Smithsonian Institution]], 1852. [https://books.google.com/books?id=dmISAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA302 p302]</ref> Wakȟáŋ Tȟáŋka ina waawi firteede ko doole walla cenirɗe hoɗɓe e kala huunde, nannduɗe e won e goongɗingol animistik e panteyist. Ndee helmere ina siftina kala tagoore e huunde ko wakȟáŋ ("seniiɗo") walla jogaade fannuuji ɗi wakȟáŋ.Elemen Tanka walla Tȟáŋka ina nanndi e "Mawɗo" walla "mawɗo".<ref name="Rice" /><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mqoUAAAAYAAJ|title=The Holy Bible, in the language of the Dakotas: translated out of the original tongues|date=1883|language=en}}</ref><ref name="great">{{cite web|url=https://www.lakotadictionary.org/phpBB3/nldo.php|title=Great|publisher=New Lakota Dictionary Online|access-date=2019-07-11|archive-date=2020-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924041513/https://www.lakotadictionary.org/phpBB3/nldo.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ko adii nde ɓe njokkondirta e misiyoŋaaji kerecee en Oropnaaɓe, Lakota en kuutortonoo ko Wakȟáŋ Tȟáŋka ngam wiyde fedde walla fedde nde laabi mum en ngoni ko e sirlu : hono noon, "Sirlu mawɗo".Activist Russell Means kadi ina ƴellita firo "Sirlu mawɗo" e miijo wonde ruuhu Lakotaa wonaa ruuhu gooto. Helmere gonnde e ɗemɗe goɗɗe Siouan : Wakan Tanka walla Wakan ina anndiraa kadi Wakanda e ɗemɗe Omaha-Ponka, Ioway-Otoe-Misuri, Kansa e Osage; e Wakatakeh to Quapaw.[ina haani ciimtol ngol].<ref>Helen Wheeler Bassett, [[Frederick Starr]]. The International Folk-lore Congress of the [[World's Columbian Exposition]], Chicago, July, 1893. Charles H. Sergel Company, 1898. [https://books.google.com/books?id=cYTYAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA221 p221]-226</ref><ref name="Rice2">{{cite book|title=Before the great spirit: the many faces of Sioux spirituality|url=https://archive.org/details/beforegreatspiri0000rice|last=Rice|first=Julian|year=1998|publisher=University of New Mexico Press|isbn=0-8263-1868-1}}</ref> == Ƴeew kadi == == Manitoo == Ɗemngal Sioux == Tuugnorgal == dn0qlajnbvsd97i4viow6k86nsh5d3l 0 35376 181004 148425 2026-08-05T00:33:23Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181004 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Urayuli''', walla « Hairy Men », no firoraa e ko ɓuri heewde e ɗemɗe Yupik en, ko leñol Cryptid (hono Bigfoot walla Yeti) tagooje hoɗɓe e nokkuuji leɗɗe to fuɗnaange-rewo Alaska. Daartol Urayuli ina siftina ɓe wonde ina ndarii 10 meeteer toowɗo, ina njogii ƴiye juutɗe, ina njogii gite jalbooje. Ina wiyee ina njaltina wullaango toowngo, nanndungo e wullaango loon. Juuɗe maɓɓe juutɗe, lanky ina cifaa ina njahra e koyɗe maɓɓe. Ina wiyee wonde Urayuli en ina nguuri e laddeeji saraaji nokku biyeteeɗo Lake Iliamna, ko wayi no Kushtaka en to Fuɗnaange-rewo Alaska.<ref>[http://www.bigfootencounters.com/articles/alaska2.htm Many Names, Alaska's Bigfoot] © Mary J. Barry, Alaska's Ghosts, Enigmas, Outlaws and Things That Go Bump! Anchorage: MJP Barry. 1994., p.73-5. at bigfootencounters.com</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Sherwonit|first1=Bill|title=Living with Wildness: An Alaskan Odyssey|url=https://archive.org/details/livingwithwildne0000sher|date=2008|publisher=University of Alaska Press|isbn=978-1602230149|page=[https://archive.org/details/livingwithwildne0000sher/page/195 195]}}</ref> Ina wiyee wonde Urayuli en ko sukaaɓe wayluɓe, majjuɓe e nder ladde jamma. Ina gasa tawa ndeeɗoo daartol fuɗɗorii ko ngam ustude sukaaɓe e nder galleeji jamma. == Tuugnorgal == 6hlzugqm6v1yfeet07f25fe3bxq0yg6 0 35465 181186 148640 2026-08-05T03:43:46Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181186 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Qamaits''' ko laamɗo warhoore jeyaaɗo e yimɓe Nuxalk (waktuuji goɗɗi ina wiyee Bella Coola) jeyaaɓe e daande maayo hakkundeejo Kolommbi Biritanik to Kanadaa.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=1897|title=The Jesup Expedition to the North Pacific Coast|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1622723|journal=Science|volume=6|issue=145|pages=535–538|doi=10.1126/science.6.145.535|jstor=1622723|pmid=17781657|bibcode=1897Sci.....6..535.|issn=0036-8075|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Savill|first=Sheila|title=Pears Encyclopaedia of Myths and Legends: Chapter 7. Oceania and Australia. Chapter 8. The Americas|url=https://archive.org/details/pearsencyclopedi00shie|publisher=Pelham|year=1978|pages=212}}</ref> Qamaits kadi ko Debbo maayde e fuɗɗoode. E fajiri Waktu, Qamaits waɗi hare e mawɓe koɗli, toowɗi haa alaa ko waawi wuurde e dow mum en. Qamaits, nde wonnoo ko jaambaaro jom doole, fooli leƴƴi mawɗi, wayli ɗum en e leyɗeele koɗli hannde ɗee, yani e mum en haa mawni no ngoniri hannde nii. Caggal ɗuum o suusi Leydi, o ummii o hoɗi nokku goɗɗo. Balloowo makko Senx ina heewi ƴeewtaade golle tagoore ñalnde kala.Goddess of the death and the beginning. At the dawn of Time, Qamaits did battle against the giants of the mountains, which were so high that nothing could survive on them. Qamaits, being a ferocious warrior, defeated legions of giants and turned them into the mountain landscapes of today, knocking them down to the size they are today. After that she grew bored of Earth and left for residence elsewhere. Her assistant [[Senx]]<ref>{{Cite book|last=Dixon-Kennedy|first=Mike|title=Native American Myth & Legend: An A-Z of People and Places|url=https://archive.org/details/nativeamericanmy00dixo|publisher=Brockhampton Press|year=1998|isbn=1860198392|pages=[https://archive.org/details/nativeamericanmy00dixo/page/194 194]}}</ref> O miijaaki no feewi e aadee, o seeɗa yillaade leydi, kono so o yilliima, o addana leydi yerɓude, yiite ladde, e ñawu. Heen sahaaji omo yilloyoo ngam ƴettude mboddi makko pet Sisiutl e ngam haɓde e yimɓe seeɗa e dow e saabaade musibbaaji. Mbooy makko ko maande wonde omo ara.[citation needed] Omo wiyee kadi yumma-Aduna, Debbo men e Kulɗo-Alaa-Alaa.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Campbell|first=Joseph|title=Historical Atlas of World Mythology|publisher=A. van der Marck Editions|year=1983|pages=219}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == 9ob7k03juvjivtvtta5x57ucfqgjrc6 0 35496 181052 148714 2026-08-05T01:29:28Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181052 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Pamola''' (anndiraaɗo kadi Pamolai, P-mol-a, Pomola, e Bmola) ko ruuhu colli lefol peeñngol e nder daartol Abenaki. Oo ruuhu ina addana nguleeki.<ref>Official Website of the Penawahpskewi. (n.d.). Official Website of the Penawahpskewi. Retrieved October 17, 2014, from http://www.penobscotnation.org/</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Mountains of Maine : intriguing stories behind their names|url=https://archive.org/details/mountainsofmaine0000pink|last=Pinkham, Steven R.|date=2009|publisher=Down East|isbn=9780892727889|edition=1st|location=[Camden, ME]|oclc=297145691}}</ref> Teeŋti noon e wiyde leñol leñol Penobscot, Pamola ina hoɗi e Katahdin, koɗorɗe ɓurɗe toowde e nder leydi Maine. Pamola ina wiyee ko laamɗo ɓuuɓol e reenoowo tufnde ndee. Yimɓe Penobscot ina ciftora mo wonde omo jogii hoore moose, ɓanndu neɗɗo e baagal e koyɗe ƴiye. Pamola ina huli, ina hormii leñol Penobscot, tee tawtoreede makko ina jeyaa e ko ɓuri teeŋtude e ko addani yahde e dow tulde ndee hiiseede ko huunde nde fotaani.<ref>{{cite book|title=Kataadn|last=Thoreau|first=Henry David|authorlink=Henry David Thoreau|year=1848|accessdate=March 8, 2013|url=http://thoreau.eserver.org/ktaadn05.html#3|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130801234045/http://thoreau.eserver.org/ktaadn05.html#3|archivedate=August 1, 2013}}</ref> Ruuhu oo ina mettini e maayɓe naatooɓe gila les. Sabu ɗuum, tufnde ndee uddaama e keeri les ɗii fof. Henry David Thoreau, e lewru ut 1846, e wiɗto mum e maayo Penobscot e Katahdin, winndii wonde « Pomola ina tikkani sahaa kala ƴeeŋtuɓe e dow ŋoral Ktaadn ». Ina sikkaa kadi wonde Pamola ƴettii, joginoo kasoo e dow tulde mum haa abada. Innde ndee ina reeni jooni e dow ŋoral Pamola, ŋoral dow Katahdin to bannge fuɗnaange ŋoral Knife Edge. Lodge Pamola de l'Ordre de l'Arrow ko fedde teddungal kammu e nder sukaaɓe Scouts Amerik ; Natal Pamola ina heewi huutoreede e nate renndo ngoo keewɗe. Roy Dudley, ina gasa tawa ko kañum ɓuri teskeede e ardotooɓe adanɓe e Katahdin, ina anndiranoo yarlitaare mum e Pamola. == Tuugnorgal == pk0g054kzp0cljz7ywltn9s9y4nyn29 0 35532 181155 148820 2026-08-05T03:07:18Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181155 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Muut''' wonnoo ko neɗɗo e nulaaɗo maayde e nder pinal leñol Cahuilla Ameriknaajo asliijo to fuɗnaange Kaliforni e worgo Meksik, tee ina heewi hollireede ko no ƴiye nii walla no hooting ƴiye ɗe njiyataa 'fuɗɗam.' Maayde ina sikkaa ko huunde haannde e nguurndam Cahuilla en, ko noon Muut yiyraa ko ɓuri psychopomp e jikku grim reaper kulɓiniiɗo. Ndee darnde ko Mukat rokki ɗum, o wiyi wonde ɓeydagol yimɓe ina addana ɗum batte bonɗe. Pinal Leñol Muut kadi ko jikku ɗiɗaɓo mawɗo e nder webcomic Gunnerkrigg Court, nde tawnoo omo anndi jikku mawɗo biyeteeɗo Antimony Carver ko adii nde o naatata e duɗal ngal. Jikku makko kadi ina huutoree ngam naatnude psychopomps goɗɗi.<ref>{{cite book|last=Bean|first=Lowell John|title=Mukat's People: The Cahuilla Indians of Southern California|url=https://archive.org/details/mukatspeoplecahu0000bean_l2m5|year=1974|publisher=University of California Press|page=[https://archive.org/details/mukatspeoplecahu0000bean_l2m5/page/167 167]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Bean|first=Lowell John|title=Mukat's People: The Cahuilla Indians of Southern California|url=https://archive.org/details/mukatspeoplecahu0000bean_l2m5|year=1974|publisher=University of California Press|page=[https://archive.org/details/mukatspeoplecahu0000bean_l2m5/page/165 165]}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == m3mxo7lun3udy65t96md2h8l6tiqffk 0 35556 181108 148919 2026-08-05T02:21:55Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181108 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Linnet e Eagle''' ko daartol Ameriknaajo asliijo. Iwdi ndii ko e aada ɓeydude ƴiye ƴiye ngam faarnoraade warooɓe mum en.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Emerson|first1=Ellen Russell|title=Indian Myths|url=https://archive.org/details/bwb_S0-EDW-930|date=1965|publisher=Ross & Haines Inc.|location=Minneapolis|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bwb_S0-EDW-930/page/426 410]}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == lst9m48tibwps1rv46i130enfag3nlc 0 35559 180969 148930 2026-08-04T23:46:09Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180969 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Kyanakwe''' ko, e wiyde Claude Lévi-Strauss, « yimɓe » ɓe e nder daartol Zuñi, taaniraaɓe Zuñi mbaɗdi hare. Jam wonaano cuɓal; laamɓe ɓee ina ndokka fedde wootere tan nafoore timmunde. Kyanakwe en ina cifaa no feewi ko wayi no dogooɓe e ko wayi no jarnooɓe.food.<ref name="bw">{{cite book|last1=Wright|first1=Barton|title=Patterns and Sources of Zuni Kachinas|url=https://archive.org/details/patternssourceso0000wrig|date=1988|publisher=Hamsen Publishing Company|isbn=9780960132249|pages=[https://archive.org/details/patternssourceso0000wrig/page/73 73]}}</ref> Wamre Kyanakwe ina siftora Zuñi en puɗɗiiɓe yiylaade nokku hakkundeejo e hawrude e Kyanakwe en, hoɗɓe e galleeji mawɗi, ɓoorniiɓe comci daneeji juutɗi, ndemooɓe gese mawɗe gawri e gese goɗɗe, ardii ɗum en ko Chakwaina Okya, debbo jaambaaro mawɗo. Zuñi en kaɓi e maɓɓe balɗe nay hade Kyanakwe en foolde. Dannde ndee ina waɗa duuɓi nay kala tawa so Kyamosona ardii ɗum, ɓe ngaddata ko keewal nguura. == Tuugnorgal == s8rrv5c0ry3w0jlalc3zdyo5jh4b7p7 0 35561 180941 148937 2026-08-04T23:16:28Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180941 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Laamu Saguenay''' (e Farayse: Royaume du Saguenay) ko laamu taariindi ngu wiɗtoowo geec Farayse-Breton biyeteeɗo Jacques Cartier etinooma yettaade e hitaande 1535, ina sikkaa ina woni e nder leydi Kebek hannde, Kanadaa. Yimɓe jeyaaɓe e leydi ndii kaaldiino e Cartier ko fayti e laamu alɗungu, Cartier rokkaama laanaaji ɗiɗi laamu Farayse ngam yiylaade leyɗeele caggal Newfoundland. E hitaande 1542 Cartier sosi koɗorɗe Charlesbourg-Royal e sehilaaɓe makko e fuɗɗoode cikkatnoo ko ɓe keɓii e nokku hee diamant e kaŋŋe keewɗo. Ngalu nguu neldaama Farayse, kono ngu wonti kiristaaluuji kuuraa e piriteeji njamndi.<ref>{{cite book|last=Miller|first=David W.|year=2011|title=The Forced Removal of American Indians from the Northeast: A History of Territorial Cessions and Relocations, 1620-1854|url=https://archive.org/details/forcedremovalofa0000mill|pages=[https://archive.org/details/forcedremovalofa0000mill/page/4 4]|publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers|isbn=9780786487059}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Rickard|first=David Terence|year=2015|title=Pyrite: A Natural History of Fool's Gold|url=https://archive.org/details/pyritenaturalhis0000rick|pages=[https://archive.org/details/pyritenaturalhis0000rick/page/14 14]|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780190203672}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.americanjourneys.org/aj-028/summary/index.asp|title=Cartier's Third Voyage to Canada, 1541–1542|publisher=American Journeys|year=2010|access-date=October 2, 2010}}</ref> == Ƴeewndo daartol == Kartal Dauphin Kanadaa, hedde hitaande 1543, ina hollita ko Jacques Cartier yiyti. E hitaande 1986, daartoowo Ameriknaajo biyeteeɗo Samuel Eliot Morison winndii ko fayti e njiylawu Laamu Saguenay ngu wiɗtooɓe mbaɗi e yontaaji hakkunde 1538 e 1543, tawi Farayse ina joginoo njiylawu oo no feere ngam dañde ɗo haaɗi. Farayse yoɓiino laana tataɓa ka Cartier waɗi ngam artirde doole mum e nafoore ngenndi ndii. Ndeke, Angalteer heɓiino nafoore e jiytugol John Cabot tawi Espaañ heɓiino ngalu e miniraaji to Meksik e Peru.<ref>{{cite book|last=Morison|first=Samuel Eliot|year=1986|title=The Great Explorers: The European Discovery of America|pages=248|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780195042221}}</ref> E hitaande 1997, daartoowo Kanadaa biyeteeɗo Daniel Francis yettiima e miijo wonde Cartier « ina goongɗini laamu fanniyankeewu biyeteeɗo Saguenay, alɗuɗo kaŋŋe e diamant, won e hoɗɓe mum ina nganndi no njirlotoo ». Wiɗtooɓe woɗɓe ina njoginoo miijooji nannduɗi e ɗii ɗoo miijooji ko fayti e Fuɗnaange Kanadaa hannde oo, ina jeyaa heen Martin Frobisher e Samuel Hearne. == Ƴeew kadi == Norumbega == Doraado == Eskimos en ɓaleeɓe == Tuugnorgal == 5ca0gjs827uycf9j4ksgldzj9thedch 0 35582 181118 149352 2026-08-05T02:32:30Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181118 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Neene Squannit''' (walla Squant) ko neɗɗo taariindi ummoriiɗo e daartol Wampanoag. Ko kanko woni debbo Maushop mawɗo oo, ina waawi wonde tagoore leɗɗe tokosere walla geec. Hay so Maushup ina heewi hollirde ko mawɗo, Squannit ina hiisee wonde gooto e Yimɓe tokosɓe (makiawisug). Haalaaji ko faati e Squannit ina ceerti no feewi e renndo, kono omo heewi jogaade doole maagiyaŋkooje, omo heewi jokkondirde e geec e henndu.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110713205807/http://www.lilith-ezine.com/articles/2005/canadian_seaserpents.html "Sea Serpents of Canada"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713205807/http://www.lilith-ezine.com/articles/2005/canadian_seaserpents.html|date=2011-07-13}}, Charles Alexander Moffat.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070104164945/http://theserenedragon.net/Tales/America-Gaasyendietha.html The Serene Dragon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070104164945/http://theserenedragon.net/Tales/America-Gaasyendietha.html|date=2007-01-04}}.</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bg-C4RsT3-cC&dq=Gaasyendietha&pg=PA121|title=Dragons Or Dinosaurs?: Creation Or Evolution?|author=Darek Isaacs|page=121|publisher=Bridge Logos Foundation|year=2010|isbn=9780882704777|accessdate=30 May 2011}}</ref> == Miijooji == E wiyde lefol ngol, Granny Squannit ina jeyaa e Makiawisug en, safrooɓe ina keewi ƴeewde mo ngam ballal walla ardaade.Ko o jom doole en, kadi jeewte e jom suudu makko ina mbiya ina ngadda henndu.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gkn0fkhiwS0C&dq=gaasyendietha&pg=PA48|title=Dragonlore: From the Archives of the Grey School of Wizardry|author=Ash Dekirk|page=48|publisher=Career Press|year=2006|isbn=9781564148681|accessdate=30 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Walker|first=Deward E.|title=Witchcraft and Sorcery of the American Native Peoples|url=https://archive.org/details/witchcraftsorcer0000unse_h8p3|publisher=University of Idaho Press|year=1989|isbn=978-0893011277|location=Moscow, Idaho|pages=[https://archive.org/details/witchcraftsorcer0000unse_h8p3/page/157 157]}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == lzmw59yz0jp6s57o3enb8o1wl1k5cou 0 35597 181011 149050 2026-08-05T00:45:18Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181011 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Maayo Mbéré''' ko maayo Kamaruun e Caad. Nde jeyaa ko e keeri hakkunde leyɗeele ɗiɗi ɗee e Santarafrik. Ko caaɗngol ummingol maayo Logone.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Shelley|first1=Fred M.|title=Nation shapes the story behind the world's borders|date=2013|publisher=ABC-CLIO, LLC|location=Santa Barbara|isbn=978-1610691062|page=273}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Zuchora-Walske|first1=Christine|title=Chad in pictures|url=https://archive.org/details/chadinpictures0000zuch|date=2009|publisher=Twenty-First Century Books|location=Minneapolis, MN|isbn=978-1575059563|page=[https://archive.org/details/chadinpictures0000zuch/page/12 12]}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> pu7z1t1hx4ykbi570s83bccg4kcwj63 0 35618 181076 163057 2026-08-05T01:53:06Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181076 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Chasca''', anndiraaɗo kadi « la virgen del agua » (Ɓiɗɗo debbo ndiyam), ko innde jikku fenaande e nder daartol Salvadoor. E wiyde haalaaji, e nder barra de Santiago ina hoɗi gorko gooto ina wiyee Pachacutec, yuɓɓini dewgal hakkunde ɓiyiiko debbo biyeteeɗo Chasca e laamɗo leñol zutuhil.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Merkur|first=Daniel|title=Powers which we do not know: the gods and spirits of the Inuit|url=https://archive.org/details/powerswhichwedon0000merk|date=1991|publisher=University of Idaho Press|isbn=978-0-89301-148-2|location=Moscow, Idaho|pages=676|language=English|oclc=23016717}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Dupré|first=Wilhelm|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2131811859/$N|title=Religion in Primitive Cultures: A Study in Ethnophilosophy|date=1975|publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH|isbn=978-3-11087-005-3|pages=376|language=English}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Hill|first=Erica|date=2011|title=Animals as Agents: Hunting Ritual and Relational Ontologies in Prehistoric Alaska and Chukotka|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/892759847|journal=Cambridge Archaeological Journal|volume=21|issue=3|pages=407–426|doi=10.1017/S0959774311000448|id={{ProQuest|892759847}}|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Chasca noon, ina yiɗi suka liɗɗi gooto ina wiyee Acayatl. O 6uuccotoo ko e baaba makko haa o yaha to beeli to Acayatl serenade mo. Ñalnde heen kulɓiniinde, gooto fiyi Acayatl feggere nde o arti e liɗɗi. Warɗo oo ko Pachacutec neldi ɗum. Chasca yiyi warngo ngoo, wulli e kulol, felliti jokkondirde e giɗo mum e maayde. O haɓɓi haayre e koyngal makko, o werlii hoore makko e nder ndiyam. Jamma gonɗo caggal mum lewru timmundu, ruuhu Chasca feeñii ko adii fof e nder laana daneewa sara Acayatl, gila e oon sahaa, o jokki feeñde e oon sifaa. Kala nde liɗɗi ɗii teskii lewru timmundu, ɓe njaltataa liɗɗi ɗii sabu ɓe njiɗi ko hormaade e waasde jiiɓrude ɓiɗɗo debbo ndiyam oo e giɗo mum, mo nganndu-ɗaa e oon teddungal, barkinoowo liɗɗi ɗii liɗɗi keewɗi. == Ƴeew kadi == La Huenchuur Leñol Salvadoor == Tuugnorgal == {{reflist}} [[Category:Miijooji Inuit]] 97rutskdjvfdvcra1ney27ecdujmjsp 0 35655 180813 149227 2026-08-04T20:56:23Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 3 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180813 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Afrik wonaa leydi''' ko deftere 2022 nde wonaa firo,<ref name="N">{{cite web|author=Wrong, Michela|date=August 31, 2022|title=Reminder: 'Africa Is Not a Country'|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230127221759/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/31/books/review/africa-is-not-a-country-dipo-faloyin.html|archivedate=2023-01-27|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/31/books/review/africa-is-not-a-country-dipo-faloyin.html}}</ref><ref name="G">{{cite web|url=https://geographical.co.uk/book-reviews/africa-is-not-a-country-by-dipo-faloyin|website=georgraphical.co.uk|title=Review: Africa is Not a Country by Dipo Faloyin|date=13 May 2022|location=Cape Town South Africa|author=Hanson, Victor David|authorlink=Victor Davis Hanson}}</ref><ref name="1!">{{cite web|date=July 8, 2022|url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/dipo-faloyin/africa-is-not-a-country/|title=Africa Is Not a Country|publisher=[[Kirkus Reviews]]}}</ref> nde Dipo Faloyin winndi. Deftere nde ina wiyee « Notes sur un continent brillant » e nder leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik[3] e « Ɓoornugol miijooji e nder Afrik hannde oo » e nder leydi Amerik.<ref name="2!">{{cite book|last=Faloyin|first=Dipo|title=Africa Is Not A Country|url=https://archive.org/details/africaisnotcount0000dipo|publisher=[[W. W. Norton & Company]]|year=2023|isbn=978-1-529-11482-9|location=United Kingdom}}</ref><ref name="G4">{{cite web|url=https://geographical.co.uk/book-reviews/africa-is-not-a-country-by-dipo-faloyin|website=georgraphical.co.uk|title=Review: Africa is Not a Country by Dipo Faloyin|date=13 May 2022|location=Cape Town South Africa|author=Hanson, Victor David|authorlink=Victor Davis Hanson}}</ref> Deftere nde yaltinaa ko ñalnde 6 suwee 2022.<ref name="N2">{{cite web|author=Wrong, Michela|date=August 31, 2022|title=Reminder: 'Africa Is Not a Country'|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230127221759/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/31/books/review/africa-is-not-a-country-dipo-faloyin.html|archivedate=2023-01-27|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/31/books/review/africa-is-not-a-country-dipo-faloyin.html}}</ref><ref name="G2">{{cite web|url=https://geographical.co.uk/book-reviews/africa-is-not-a-country-by-dipo-faloyin|website=georgraphical.co.uk|title=Review: Africa is Not a Country by Dipo Faloyin|date=13 May 2022|location=Cape Town South Africa|author=Hanson, Victor David|authorlink=Victor Davis Hanson}}</ref><ref name="G3">{{cite web|url=https://geographical.co.uk/book-reviews/africa-is-not-a-country-by-dipo-faloyin|website=georgraphical.co.uk|title=Review: Africa is Not a Country by Dipo Faloyin|date=13 May 2022|location=Cape Town South Africa|author=Hanson, Victor David|authorlink=Victor Davis Hanson}}</ref> == Yiyngo == Afrik wonaa leydi ina yiɗi luulndaade miijooji keewɗi jowitiiɗi e Afrik tawa ina tawee e winndere hirnaange. Faloyin wiyi wonde Afrik ina joginoo « no leydi ngootiri nii, ndi alaa ko woni e mum »<ref name="A">{{cite book|last=Faloyin|first=Dipo|title=Africa Is Not a Country|url=https://archive.org/details/africaisnotcount0000dipo|publisher=W. W. Norton & Company|year=2023|isbn=978-1-529-11482-9|location=United Kingdom|page=[https://archive.org/details/africaisnotcount0000dipo/page/6 6]}}</ref> == Goɗɗo == Dipo Faloyin jibinaa ko to Chicago, o mawni ko to Lagos, jooni o hoɗi ko to Londres.[4] Ko o gardiiɗo jaaynde wiyeteende Vice, o winndii e jaaynde wiyeteende The Guardian, Esquire, Newsweek, Dazed, I-D, HuffPost, Refinery29 e Prospect.[4] Binndi makko ina njokki e tiitoonde pinal, leñol e mbaydiiji e nder Orop, Afrik e Fuɗnaange hakkundeejo.<ref name="2!2">{{cite book|last=Faloyin|first=Dipo|title=Africa Is Not A Country|url=https://archive.org/details/africaisnotcount0000dipo|publisher=[[W. W. Norton & Company]]|year=2023|isbn=978-1-529-11482-9|location=United Kingdom}}</ref><ref name="1!2">{{cite web|date=July 8, 2022|url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/dipo-faloyin/africa-is-not-a-country/|title=Africa Is Not a Country|publisher=[[Kirkus Reviews]]}}</ref><ref name="1!3">{{cite web|date=July 8, 2022|url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/dipo-faloyin/africa-is-not-a-country/|title=Africa Is Not a Country|publisher=[[Kirkus Reviews]]}}</ref><ref name="1!4">{{cite web|date=July 8, 2022|url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/dipo-faloyin/africa-is-not-a-country/|title=Africa Is Not a Country|publisher=[[Kirkus Reviews]]}}</ref><ref name="1!5">{{cite web|date=July 8, 2022|url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/dipo-faloyin/africa-is-not-a-country/|title=Africa Is Not a Country|publisher=[[Kirkus Reviews]]}}</ref><ref name="1!6">{{cite web|date=July 8, 2022|url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/dipo-faloyin/africa-is-not-a-country/|title=Africa Is Not a Country|publisher=[[Kirkus Reviews]]}}</ref> == Jaɓɓungal tiiɗngal == Kirkus Reviews, "Wiɗtooji laaɓtuɗi, laaɓtuɗi, kollirooji hakkillaaji aadaaji ɗi ngalaa ŋakkeende no feewi ko fayti e Afrik." Winndiyanke e winndiyanke biyeteeɗo Victor Davis Hanson. "Afrik wonaa leydi ina yiɗi ƴellitde oon limre, tawa kadi ina penta natal Afrik hannde ngal no woniri hannde nii – duunde ɓuuɓnde, nde heewi ƴellitaade, nde 54 leydi e 1,4 miliyaar neɗɗo. Eey, ina woodi diktatooruuji, kono kadi ina woodi demokaraasiiji dartiiɗi, ɓeydotooɗi e jikkuuji hakkundeeji e p2y. == Tuugnorgal == tsj0yvlc3y2cq814x4lryy4e5z6vvkk 0 35663 181031 149263 2026-08-05T01:07:30Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181031 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Azeban''' (ina winndaa kadi Azban, Asban walla Azaban), walla Raccoon, ko ruuhu fenaande leslesre e nder daartol Abenaki. Leydi aadaaji Abenaki en ko Wobanakik (Nokku Fajiri), ko wiyetee hannde fuɗnaange Nuwel Angalteer, fuɗnaange Kebek, Nuwel Brunswick e Nova Scotia. Azeban ko raddo, ko mbaydi fenaande Abenaki. Ina wiyee ah-zuh-bahn. Azeban ina waɗa geɗe keewɗe ɗe ngalaa nafoore e/walla bonɗe e nder daartol Abenaki, kono ko wayi no fenaande daabaaji e nder won e leƴƴi goɗɗi, wonaa kulɓiniiɗo walla bonɗo.<ref name="Land">{{cite book|author=Elaine Landau|title=The Abenaki|url=https://archive.org/details/abenakiland00land|page=[https://archive.org/details/abenakiland00land/page/9 9]|year=1996|ISBN=0-531-20227-5|publisher=Franklin Watts}}</ref> Azeban ina fooɗa daabaaji e tagooje goɗɗe ngam ñaamde walla sarwisaaji goɗɗi.Won daartol Abenaki ɗo debbo inniri pucci mum jeegom sifaaji mum en. O inniri gooto e pucci ɗii Azeban. Oo debbo Cedar Girl mo Abenaki [Yimɓe Leydi Fajiri] innirde puccu mum "Azeban" waɗii won e jiiɓru, addani yimɓe sikkude wonde nate fenaande Abenaki ko puccu, ɓe nganndaa o inniri puccu nguu Azeban sabu omo jogii sifaaji raddo, nate Abenaki Trickster tigi-rigi. E nder daartol ngol, puccu Azeban ina jeyaa e ɓiɗɓe puccu jeegom jibinaaɗo e Awasosqua (Debbo Bear). Heddiiɓe ɓee ko Awasosis (Beer tokooso), Kwaniwibid (Dental juutngal), Mikwe (Ɓoornugol), Moosis (Moose tokooso) e Soksemo (Nofru moƴƴu). Ruuhuuji gonɗi e nder ɓiɗɓe Awasosqua ɗii fof ko pucci, ina inniree sifaaji mum en.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.native-languages.org/azeban.htm|title=Azeban, the Trickster Raccoon (Azban, Asban, Espun)}}</ref> E nder daartol goɗngol, Azeban yiyii ɓuuɓol, nde o weltii e ɓuuɓol maggol, o sikki omo waawi waɗde ɓuuɓol ɓurngol tiiɗde. O wulla haa o waasa balance makko o fada e nder. == Himobe == tp4ia8l76xr2s0jaucyck264qvn39pw 0 35731 180937 163043 2026-08-04T23:12:24Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180937 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Akycha''' ko laamɗo naange reweteeɗo to Alaska.<ref>{{cite book|last=Monaghan|first=Patricia|author-link=Patricia Monaghan|date=1981|title=Women in Myth and Legend|url=https://archive.org/details/womeninmythlegen0000mona|page=[https://archive.org/details/womeninmythlegen0000mona/page/9 9]}}</ref> == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol laamɓe naange == Teskorɗe == {{reflist}} [[Category:Miijooji Inuit]] 1hv81k2bczhvo26ll9s0uzpzgmmhzjk 0 35736 181090 149476 2026-08-05T02:05:35Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181090 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Aisoyimstan''' (‘Waɗoowo cooyngal’) ko laamɗo jokkondirɗo e ndunngu e nees e nder daartol Montana Blackfoot.<ref name="Coleman2007" /><ref name="Grinnell2001" /><ref name="Grinnell2001" /><ref name="Oxford" /> Aisoyimstan ko adduɗo nees, ɓuuɓol e henndu, ɓuuɓnoowo leydi, ɓuuɓnoowo ɗum e nees. Omo jogii mbaadi gorko daneejo, daneejo, ɓoorniiɗo comci daneeji, ina yahra e puccu daneejo. <ref name="Coleman20072">{{cite book|last=Coleman|first=J. A.|title=The Dictionary of Mythology: An A-Z of Themes, Legends and Heroes|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofmyth0000jaco_v4a9|year=2007|publisher=Arcturus Publishing|isbn=978-0-572-03222-7|page=[https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofmyth0000jaco_v4a9/page/40 40]}}</ref> <ref name="Grinnell20012">{{cite book|last=Grinnell|first=George B.|authorlink=George Bird Grinnell|title=Blackfoot Lodge Tales|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OWkqyvSLgZYC|date=1 June 2001|publisher=Digital Scanning Inc|location=Scituate, MA|isbn=978-1-58218-506-4|page=260}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == 1gh8xtkv9qdkq3jxzkh9rbfx9lnp2d1 0 35738 181117 149482 2026-08-05T02:31:20Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181117 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Aiomun-Kondi, kadi''' ina winndaa Aiomum-Kondi e Aimon-Kondi, ko laamɗo Arawak, innde mum firti ko "laamɗo tagɗo laamɗo toowɗo". Aiomum Kondi wonnoo laamɗo laamɓe e asamaan.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Storytelling : an encyclopedia of mythology and folklore|url=https://archive.org/details/storytellingency0000unse_z0q1|date=2008|publisher=M.E. Sharpe|others=Josepha Sherman|isbn=978-0-7656-8047-1|location=Armonk, N.Y.|oclc=199464938}}</ref> Ina wiyee o etinooma sosde aduna mbaylaandi, kono o miijii ko eɓɓooji makko ɗiɗi gadani ɗii ko ŋakkeende sabu jikkuuji bonɗi hoɗɓe e mum en. O wuli aduna makko gadano oo, o ɓuuɓni ɗiɗaɓo oo, kono o hisni jom suudu gooto e ɗiɗaɓo oo; Marerewana e debbo mum. Marerewana hisni hoore mum e ɓesngu mum, nde o hoɗi e laana mawka ka haɓɓaa e lekki. Aiomun-Kondi ndeen anndii wonde fenaande ina woodi e winndere ndee, o yahri yeeso. == Tuugnorgal == 8s6hj0t0suzwylr5n9h8dd103mx7mam 0 35780 180870 151784 2026-08-04T22:01:08Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180870 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Women & Literature''' ko jaaynde ganndal rewɓe Ameriknaare. Janet Margaret Todd, ganndo e binndoowo Angalteer, sosi jaaynde ndee ko hedde kitaale 1970 nde o jannginta to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Rutgers.''Women & Literature'' winndi ko fayti e filmuuji e binndol rewɓe e yiɗde wallitde golle rewɓe e kitaale 1970 rewɓe”.Geɗe ɗee ina mbaɗi binndanɗe ko faati e rewɓe winndooɓe ko wayi no Jane Austen, Charlotte Bronte, e Mary Leadbeater.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=21 March 2006|title=Janet Todd: A novel mission|url=http://www.theguardian.com/education/2006/mar/21/highereducationprofile.academicexperts|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=5 February 2021|website=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ballaster|first1=Ros|authorlink=Rosalind Ballaster|last2=Perry|first2=Ruth|date=2 July 2016|title=Introduction|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09699082.2016.1159017|journal=Women's Writing|language=en|volume=23|issue=3|pages=277–285|doi=10.1080/09699082.2016.1159017|s2cid=219613131|issn=0969-9082|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>[http://heresiesfilmproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/heresies2.pdf “Patterns of Communication and Spaces Among Women”]. ''Heresies,'' vol. 1, no. 2, May 1977, p.126. ''The Heretics.''</ref> Adrienne Rich, yimoowo debbo Ameriknaajo baawɗo wonde fof, yettii bayyinaango ngoo caggal gooto e tonngooɗe mum, « ''Women and Film'' » : « hay gooto e yimɓe waɗooɓe ganndal laaɓtungal, yaajngal, goongawal neɗɗo, waawaa heddaade e majjere e golle ɗe ''Women & Literature'' ina waɗa jooni ɗee ».<ref>{{Cite book|title=Women and film|url=https://archive.org/details/womenfilm0000unse|date=1988|publisher=Holmes & Meier|others=Todd, Janet, 1942-|isbn=0-8419-0936-9|location=New York|oclc=16981891}}</ref> == Toɓɓe == Toɓɓere 1: Daande Jinnaaɗo e Binndol (1980) Toɓɓere ɗiɗmere: Worɓe e rewɓe (1981) Jane Austen: Yiyngooji kesi (1983) Toɓɓere 4: Rewɓe e filmo (1988) == Tuugnorgal == 6n4enxyee44p6hzok0zqjc1wixjn1er 0 35791 180828 151682 2026-08-04T21:14:35Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180828 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Scapegoat: Yahuuda’en, Isra’iila’en e ndimu rewɓe''' ko deftere nayaɓere nde wonaa firo, nde binndoowo e daraniiɗo rewɓe radikal yahuud en-ameriknaajo biyeteeɗo Andrea Dworkin winndi. Nde fuɗɗii yaltude ko e hitaande 2000 to jaaynde wiyeteende ''Free Press.''<ref name="LieDetector">{{cite web|author=Craft|first=Nikki|author-link=Nikki Craft|title=The Andrea Dworkin Lie Detector|url=http://www.nostatusquo.com/ACLU/dworkin/LieDetect.html|access-date=July 8, 2009|publisher=Andrea Dworkin Online Library}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Dworkin|first=Andrea|title=Scapegoat: The Jews, Israel, and the Women's Liberation|url=https://archive.org/details/scapegoatjewsisr0000dwor|publisher=[[Free Press (publisher)|Free Press]]|year=2000|isbn=0-684-83612-2|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/scapegoatjewsisr0000dwor/page/245 245]–246, 248, 336}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=May 13, 2000|title=Take no prisoners|work=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2000/may/13/politics1|access-date=September 6, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Ouma|first=Veronica A.|date=2005|title=Dworkin's Scapegoating|url=http://psreview.org/content/view/38/99|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101208074544/http://psreview.org/content/view/38/99|archive-date=December 8, 2010|access-date=July 27, 2022|website=Palestine Solidarity Review}}</ref> == Tesis == E nder ''Scapegoat'', Dworkin nanndini tooñannge rewɓe e tooñanngeeji yahuud en,[failed verification] yeewtidii e politik jokkere enɗam hakkunde yahuud en e njiimaandi yahuud en, o noddii sosde leydi rewɓe ngam jaabaade tooñanngeeji rewɓe, no dille sioniste eblished for. == Jaɓɓugo == [ikon] Ndee feccere ina haani yaajneede. Aɗa waawi wallude e ɓeydude kabaruuji ŋakkuɗi. (Lewru Siilo 2022) ''Scapegoat'' heɓi ƴeewndo bonngo ummoraade e Kirkus ''Reviews'', o wiyi wonde Dworkin "hollii majjere e geɗe keewɗe ɓurɗe teeŋtude e hujja makko" e wonde o "jokkii waɗde bakkaat mo o yiɗi feeñninde, 'scapegoating' worɓe fof ngam tooñanngeeji kala e nder kala sahaa daartol." == Tuugnorgal == e5o1ziv3ma851l1d7pt3riesufk35vs 0 35828 181111 151725 2026-08-05T02:25:17Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181111 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Objectivité tiiɗnde''' ko helmere nde filosof debbo biyeteeɗo Sandra Harding, ganndiraaɗo golle mum e miijo darnde rewɓe. Harding hollitii wonde fuɗɗoraade wiɗtooji gila e nguurndam rewɓe "ina semmbina tigi rigi tolnooji paandaale". ''Objectivity'' tiiɗɗo ina waawi seertude e "''objectivity'' leelɗo" e wiɗtooji ɗi ngalaa nafoore. ''Objectivity'' tiiɗɗo ina jokki e seertude e ''objectivity'' ganndal nde tawnoo ''objectivity'' tiiɗɗo ina ɓeyda njiylawu wiɗtoowo, huunde nde Harding wiyi meeɗaani ittude; anndal wiɗtoowo e nder nguurndam mum e nder aduna hee maa won sahaa kala ko len.<ref>Tickner, J Ann (1997) ''You Just Don't Understand: Troubled: Engagements between Feminists and IR Theorists'', International Studies Quartlery, 41/4: 622</ref><ref>Ritzer, George (ed). Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology. Blackwell Publishing, 2007. Blackwell Reference Online. 8 January 2011 <http://www.blackwellreference.com/public/book?id=g9781405124331_yr2010_9781405124331</ref><ref name=":0" /> So en ƴeewii e miijo rewɓe, naamnal paandaale ummorii ko e hol sifaaji eɓɓooji ganndal ngoni paandaale e hol ɗi ngonaa paandaale, e hol ko waɗi ɗum ; mbele objektivite ina haani walla alaa ; e hol no, walla so tawii, ina waawi heɓde paandaale. Ɗee miijooji ummorii ko ko famɗi fof e feccere e kulhuli jowitiiɗi e jokkere enɗam e jokkere enɗam e nder nguurndam e wiɗtooji ganndal ɓurɗi teeŋtude.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Feminist Methodology: Challenges and Choices|url=https://archive.org/details/feministmethodol0000rama|last=Ramazanoglu|first=Caroline|last2=Holland|first2=Janet|publisher=SAGE|year=2002|isbn=0761951229|location=Thousand Oaks|pages=[https://archive.org/details/feministmethodol0000rama/page/50 50]–52}}</ref><ref name=":02">Harding, Sandra. "Rethinking Standpoint Epistemology: What is "Strong Objectivity?" ''Feminist Theory: A Philosophical Anthology.'' Ed. Cudd, Ann E. and Robin O. Andreasen, 2005. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.</ref> ''Objectivity'' tiiɗɗo ina hollita wonde ina woodi mbaydi androcentric e nder wiɗto sabu wiɗtooɓe worɓe ina njiɗi wonde wiɗtooɓe ɓe ngonaa laamuyankooɓe, ɗo Harding wiyi ɗum waawaa wonde.Harding ina hollita wonde wiɗtoowo ina foti miijaade, walla ƴeewtaade darnde wiɗtoowo oo, e no ɗum battiniri e wiɗto maɓɓe, ko ɗum huunde "ɓurnde semmbe" e wiɗtooɓe ɓe ngonaa laamuyankoore timmunde. Ganndal e mbaydiiji toɗɗiiɗi ɗum ina poti fotde renndo ganndal, tawa ina tawee e daartol renndo. == Ƴeew kadi == == Haala darnde == == Relativism == == Teori darnde == == Yiyngo ummoraade e nokku == == Tuugnorgal == geftc7sorx4khrgyo74h86paucx4ltu 0 35864 180909 151634 2026-08-04T22:39:34Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180909 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Paid My Dues: Journal of Women & Music''' ko jaaynde Ameriknaare rewɓe yaltunde gila 1974 haa 1980. ''Paid My Dues'' woni jaaynde adannde, e nder yontaaji seeɗa, jaaynde rewɓe. Nde yaltinii binndanɗe ko faati e kuutorɗe, ƴeewte ko faati e jimɗi e albomuuji, kam e leppi jimɗi. E wallitde dille rewɓe e kitaale 70, jaaynde ndee ina jokki e mawninde pinal e daartol rewɓe e jimɗi. Ko adii fof sosaa ko e hitaande 1973 e innde ''My Sister's Song'', jaaynde ndee fuɗɗii ko e diskooji jimɗi rewɓe e kadi ko regginorde jimɗi rewɓe e nder [[Amerik]] worgo. Hitaande wootere caggal ɗuum, jaaynde ndee fuɗɗii yaltinde ina wiyee ''Paid My Dues'': Jaaynde lewru kala, jaaynde rewɓe e jimɗi. Kono, sabu ɗaɓɓaande mawnde e golle keewɗe ɗe meeɗaa yiyeede, ɓe ndartini "''Quarterly''" e innde ndee gila 1975 haa ndunngu 1979.<ref name="Tuttle1986">{{cite book|author=Lisa Tuttle|author-link=Lisa Tuttle|title=Encyclopedia of Feminism|url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaoffe0000tutt_k4e1|year=1986|publisher=Longman|isbn=0-582-89346-1|page=[https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaoffe0000tutt_k4e1/page/236 236]|chapter=Paid My Dues}}</ref><ref>Queer Music Heritage. "Paid My Dues." https://queermusicheritage.com/pmd1.html</ref><ref>''UlrichsWeb.com.'' "Paid My Dues."</ref> Gaa gaa binndanɗe, ''Paid My Dues'' jaɓii binndanɗe janngooɓe ko wayi no jimɗi, fotooje, e yeewtere. Ɓe keewi kadi gollodaade e jaayɗe goɗɗe ɗe rewɓe njiylotoo ko wayi no ''Country Women'' e HERESIES.<ref>''Paid My Dues,'' Volume 1, Issue 4, p. 1, 1975.</ref> == Tuugnorgal == 1lgd5j976bdxak289szeh5ju1mcv5y6 0 35891 180835 151609 2026-08-04T21:21:10Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180835 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Ishtar Rising''', tiitoonde mum timmunde ko Ishtar Rising: Ko waɗi laamɗo debbo oo yahde jeyngol e ko foti wonde jooni nde o arti, ko deftere nde Robert Anton Wilson yaltini e hitaande 1989.Ko ƴeewndo deftere Wilson nde o yaltini e hitaande 1989 irin. E nder maggal Wilson ina yeewta miijooji mum e mbaadi debbo, feminism e dewal Debbo ɓooyɗo.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Ishtar rising, or, Why the goddess went to hell and what to expect now that she's returning|url=https://archive.org/details/ishtarrisingorwh0000wils|last=Wilson|first=Robert Anton|date=1994-01-01|publisher=New Falcon Publications|isbn=1561841099|location=Santa Monica, Calif|oclc=35591409|language=English}}</ref> ''Design cover'' goɗɗo ''Design cover'' goɗɗo ''Cover'' Deftere Kosam ''Cover'' Deftere Kosam == Tuugnorgal == s317xemt1oe5dbzhnjfe2hwgbmqectw 0 35905 180812 170051 2026-08-04T20:53:55Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180812 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Aziza Ahmadyar''' ko neɗɗo politik [[Afganistaan]], ko kañum woni daraniiɗo hakkeeji rewɓe . O sosi kadi nokku toppitiiɗo ko fayti e rewɓe [[Afganistaan]]. Hannde, Ahmadyar ko gardiiɗo jokkondiral caggal leydi to ministeer kumpital, pinal e turism to [[Afganistaan]]. ina haani hesɗitineede.<ref>Project for Afghan Women's Leadership: Afghan Women Leaders Speak" (PDF). Mershon Center for International Security Studies. Ohio State University. November 2005. hdl:1811/30223. Retrieved 13 September 2015. "Afghan Women's Conference". Ohio State University. 2005. Retrieved 13 September 2015.[permanent dead link] "Country Fact Sheet: Afghanistan" (PDF). IOM International Organization for Migration. October 2014. p. 25. Retrieved 13 September 2015.</ref> == Nguurndam == Ahmadyar mawni ko to Kunduz, o yahi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kabul ngam janngude binndol. O arti Kunduz ngam jannginde e jannginde sukaaɓe rewɓe dingiral. <ref name=":0" /> Ahmadyar ina teskii miijooji baaba mum jahruɗi yeeso, "wallitde jaŋde makko e ƴellitaare makko" e nder nafoore makko caggal nguurndam makko. <ref name=":0" /> E hitaande 1975, o suɓaama ngam wonde wakiliijo Kunduz ngam wallitde ƴettude doosgal leydi kesal to Loya Jirga doosgal . O jeyaa ko e rewɓe jeegom wakili’en e hiirde ndee. <ref name=":0" /> E hitaande 1978, baaba Ahmadyar ƴaañii ngam naatde e [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|lannda kominist]], nde o salii, o [[Assassination|waraa]] e nder galle makko, ɗum addani Ahmadyar wontude « sikkitiiɗo e politik lannda oo kala ». E sahaa nde [[Soviet Union|Sowiyet en]] njiimi Afganistaan, Ahmadyar jannginii ko juuti to Kabul, kono e hitaande 1989, o dogi, o woni mooliiɗo to [[Peshawar|Peshawar, Pakistaan]] . <ref name=":02" /> To Peshawar, o naati e Goomu Hisnugol Winndere . E hitaande 1989, o sosi nokku toppitiiɗo ko fayti e rewɓe [[Afganistaan]] (AWRC), golloowo ngam rokkude jannginooɓe kuutorɗe jaŋde karallaagal. Nde Taliban yalti e hitaande 2002, AWRC wonti fedde nde wonaa laamuyankoore (ONG) gadane sosde gonndigal mum e nder Kabul.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gnwp.org/incident-report/afghan-women%E2%80%99s-resource-center-awrc|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150909154650/http://www.gnwp.org/incident-report/afghan-women%E2%80%99s-resource-center-awrc|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 9, 2015|title=Afghan Women's Resource Center (AWRC)|access-date=13 September 2015|website=GNWP}}</ref> E hitaande 2005, Ahmadyar suɓaama ngam wonde gardiiɗo jokkondiral caggal leydi e nder ministeer kumpital, pinal e turism.<ref name=":03">{{Cite web|url=https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/1811/30223/Afghan%20Women%20Leaders%20Speak%20conference%20website%2011-17-05.pdf?sequence=5|title=Project for Afghan Women's Leadership: Afghan Women Leaders Speak|date=November 2005|access-date=13 September 2015|website=Mershon Center for International Security Studies|publisher=Ohio State University|hdl=1811/30223}}</ref> E nder ndee ɗoo darnde, o yeewti kadi no kisal woniri caɗeele rewɓe e nder leydi [[Afganistaan]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Contested Terrain: Reflections With Afghan Women Leaders|url=https://archive.org/details/contestedterrain0000kitc|last=Kitch|first=Sally L.|publisher=University of Illinois|year=2014|isbn=9780252038709|pages=[https://archive.org/details/contestedterrain0000kitc/page/25 25]–26}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == [[Category:Yimɓe wuurɓe]] 5c3atfhj0hwtinsigxpj5q228rue4ax 0 35989 180977 151594 2026-08-04T23:55:20Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180977 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Feminism e politik: Yi’annde nannditinnde''' ko deftere nde wonaa firo, nde Joyce Gelb winndi, nde yaltini e hitaande 1989 to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kaliforni. E nder heen, o hollitii wonde pelle rewɓe tuugiiɗe e jinnaaɓe ceertuɗe e juɓɓule hono lanndaaji politik ɓuri waawde ƴellitde peeje keertiiɗe, ɗum noon ina mbaawi jogaade batte politik ɓurɗe mawnude. Ina nanndi e dille rewɓe to [[Suwed]], [[Amerik]], e Angalteer, nde tuugii ko e yeewtere ko ina tolnoo e 200 nde Gelb waɗi e daraniiɓe rewɓe, jannginooɓe, e politikaaji. O wiyi wonde dille rewɓe e nder leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik ɓuri waawde waɗde waylo-waylo sabu ko kamɓe ɓuri jokkondirde e ngalɗoo nanondiral ɓurngal mawnude e jeytaare.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Gelb|first=Joyce|title=Feminism and Politics: A Comparative Perspective|url=https://archive.org/details/feminismpolitics0000gelb|publisher=University of California Press|year=1989|location=Berkeley}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Black|first=Naomi|date=10 November 2009|title=Feminism and Politics: A Comparative PerspectiveJoyce Gelb Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989, pp. xvi, 267|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/canadian-journal-of-political-science-revue-canadienne-de-science-politique/article/abs/feminism-and-politics-a-comparative-perspectivejoyce-gelb-berkeley-university-of-california-press-1989-pp-xvi-267/1EC87E014619AADB9F0812ECA217FEA4|journal=Canadian Journal of Political Science/Revue Canadienne de Science Politique|language=en|volume=23|issue=1|pages=158–159|doi=10.1017/S0008423900011860|issn=1744-9324|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Sigel|first=Roberta S.|date=1990-03-01|title=Feminism and Politics: A Comparative Perspective, by Joyce Gelb|url=https://academic.oup.com/psq/article-abstract/105/1/159/7134273?redirectedFrom=fulltext|journal=Political Science Quarterly|volume=105|issue=1|pages=159–160|doi=10.2307/2151253|jstor=2151253|issn=0032-3195|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Silverberg|first=Helene|date=1 August 2014|title=Feminism and Politics: A Comparative Perspective. By Joyce Gelb. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989. 253p. $30.00.|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-political-science-review/article/abs/feminism-and-politics-a-comparative-perspective-by-joyce-gelb-berkeley-university-of-california-press-1989-253p-3000/AC35E7B558995A1E153EB74ED6B646E6|journal=American Political Science Review|language=en|volume=84|issue=2|pages=684–686|doi=10.2307/1963588|jstor=1963588|issn=0003-0554|url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == 6hx9gfkfu8y8plu8jm6yx4w2welgmc0 0 36245 180958 151860 2026-08-04T23:36:33Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180958 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Isabel-Morel.-Pluma-i-lapiz.jpg|thumb]] '''Aurora Argomedo''' (maayi ko hitaande 1948 to (Viña del Mar) ko dawriyanke Siilinaajo, debbo e daraniiɗo hakkeeji rewɓe, ɓurɗo anndeede e golle mum ngam hakkeeji rewɓe e nder leydi [[Silili|Siili]].O tawtoraama no feewi e peewnugol jaŋde kitaale 1910 e 1920.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Chile|first=Universidad de|title=Anales de la Universidad de Chile|publisher=Imprenta del Siglo|year=1900|location=Santiago|pages=146|language=es}}</ref> == Nguurndam == Binndanɗe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Siili kollitii wonde Argomedo ko jannginoowo jimɗi..<ref name="Giordano2012">{{cite book|last=Giordano|first=Verónica|title=Ciudadanas incapaces: la construcción de los derechos civiles de las mujeres en Argentina, Brasil, Chile y Uruguay en el siglo XX|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bja-9yJ9AnIC&pg=PA143|year=2012|publisher=Teseo|language=Spanish|isbn=978-987-1859-07-8|page=143}}</ref><ref name="Elgueta1928">{{cite book|last=Elgueta|first=Sara Guerín de|title=Actividades femeninas en Chile: obra publicada con motivo del cincuentenario del decreto que concedió a la mujer chilena el derecho de validar sus exámenes secundarios : datos hasta diciembre de 1927|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_jMYAAAAIAAJ|year=1928|publisher=La Ilustración|language=Spanish|page=639}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Vergara|first=Gabriel Salazar|title=Historia contemporánea de Chile: Hombría y feminidad|url=https://archive.org/details/historiacontempo0000unse|last2=Vallejos|first2=Julio Pinto|publisher=Lom Ediciones|year=2002|isbn=956-282-172-2|location=Santiago|pages=177|language=es}}</ref> == Golle == To bannge politik, ko kanko woni sosɗo fedde wiyeteende ''Unión'' Femenina de Chile (Fedde Rewɓe Siili) e Gabriela Mandujano ñalnde 26 oktoobar 1927. Hono no Bando Feminino nii, ndee fedde kadi ina daranii potal hakkeeji rewɓe e nder leydi [[Silili|Siili]] tawa ina teeŋtini semmbinde rewɓe e naatde e division renndo e nder arkewolosi. E hitaande 1932, ndee fedde ina joginoo ko ina tolnoo e 1 000 tergal, ina rokka eɓɓaaɗe pinal e renndo, ina toppitii safaaraaji ɗi ngalaa njoɓdi, ina mbaɗi kadi kursuuji ngam ɓamtude hoore mum. E fuɗɗoode, Argomedo e Mandujano ina njiɗi golle ɗe ngonaa politik ko wayi no jaŋde e sosde anniya haajuuji e nder rewɓe Siili hoɗɓe e gure. E hitaande 1934, fedde ndee ina jokki e wallitde hakkeeji siwil e politik rewɓe, haa teeŋti noon e hakkeeji rewɓe. Argomedo kadi ina wallitnoo rewɓe woɗɓe ko wayi no winndiyanke biyeteeɗo Delia Ducoing (anndiraaɗo kadi Isabel Morel), bayyinɗo deftere wiyeteende Charlas femininas («Haalaaji rewɓe») e jaaynde rewɓe wiyeteende Nosotras. == Tuugnorgal == fsmsd05jgf4cfa0ngqw8vc0ggwvarr4 0 36298 180857 152041 2026-08-04T21:46:16Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180857 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Monique Buzzarté''' (jibinaa ko hitaande 1960 to San Pedro, Kaliforni, [[Amerik]] ñalnde 26 ut 1960) ko jimoowo, jimoowo trombone, kadi ko daraniiɗo seppooji winndereeji e innde Fedde Adunaare ngam Rewɓe e Miijo (IAWM) ngam haɓaade njiyaagu tuugiingu e jinnaaɓe e nder fedde Viharmonic Philharmonien. Seppooji ɗii ngaddani rewɓe naatde e fedde wiyeteende Vienne Philharmonic e hitaande 1997. Orkestra oo hollitii wonde harpist biyeteeɗo Anna Lelkes jaɓaama wonde debbo gadano e nder orkestra oo. Lelkes ina fija e orkestra oo ko ina wona duuɓi capanɗe ɗiɗi kono o haɗaama jeyeede e orkestra oo sabu jinnaaɗo makko. <ref>{{Cite book|title=Anthology of essays on deep listening|url=https://archive.org/details/anthologyofessay0000unse|date=2012|publisher=Deep Listening Publications|others=Monique Buzzarté, Tom Bickley, Pauline Oliveros|isbn=978-1-889471-18-1|location=Kingston, NY|oclc=812452928}}</ref> Nafooje wiɗto Buzzarté ina jeyaa heen yiytude jimɗi ngam kuutorɗe njamndi ɗe rewɓe jimooɓe mbaɗata. Buzzarté janngii e Stuart Dempster e Ned Meredith, tee ina seedtini jannginde Pauline Oliveros golle heɗto luggiɗɗe. O heɓi BA e BMus to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Washington e MMus to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Manhattan . Monique Buzzarté woni bayyinoowo (e Tom Bickley) deftere binndanɗe e nanngugol luggiɗngol yaltunde e hitaande 2012. == Diskogaraafi == •Miijo Ɗaanaade Nuuhu Kreshevski (2019, nokku udditirɗo 37) •E (e sahaaji, hol ko waɗi) So, Bwana e/e/e Trio Scordatura (2012, Pogus 21062-2) 16 NGURNDAM/CICADA #3 So, Bwana (2011, Ɓiɗɗo Bastet BK001) •"Moftu. Duuɓi" So, Bwana (2010, Miijo Waylotoongo 17540-2) •Jokku yahde: ​​Gimɗi fedde Elias Tanenbaum π e dow "Buubaaji e gite am" (2010, Ravello Records RAEL 7807) Feere-feere e Ellen Fullman (2007, Heɗto Luggiɗngo 38) •Nuuhu Kreshevski: Anndude e waasde anndude (2007, Tzadik 8036) •Jogaade mbaydiiji - Zanana (2004, Heɗto Luggiɗngo 30) •Ummo e koyɗol - Circle joy keso (2003, Heɗto luggiɗngo 20) •John Cage: Limre 2 - Arditti (1991, mbaadi 75) •Tuugnorgal 6lmsukvvec6o39jori4020vx25l0w3i 0 36302 181096 152143 2026-08-05T02:11:23Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181096 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Fedde winndooɓe rewɓe''' ko fedde Ameriknaare rewɓe ummoriinde Berkeley, Kaliforni, nde Mary Mackey, Adrienne Rich, Susan Griffin, Charlene Spretnak e Valerie Miner cosi ɗum. Sosaa ko e hitaande 1978, fedde ndee ɓuri anndeede ko e jaaynde ngenndiire. Ɓe njiɗnoo ko ɓeydude dille rewɓe e darorɗe kitaale 1970, e sosde lowre tiiɗnde ngam rewɓe winndooɓe mbaawa jokkondirde e wallitde koye mum en. Ɓe ƴelliti golle rewɓe tawa ina ƴeewa duuɓi mum en, tolno mum en, leñol mum en e ɓure mum en e jokkondiral.<ref name="Feminists">{{cite book|title=Feminists Who Changed America|url=https://archive.org/details/feministswhochan00love|editor-first=Barbara J.|editor-last=Love|location=Chicago|publisher=University of Illinois Press|year=2006|page=[https://archive.org/details/feministswhochan00love/page/291 291]}}</ref> FWG ina yaltina laabi tati e nder hitaande rewrude e sarwiis abonmaaji, ina jaɓɓoo cogguuji mum en wonande rewɓe ɓe ngalaa golle walla ɓe ngalaa kaalis.<ref>“Third World Women.” ''Heresies'', vol. 2, no. 4, 1979. http://heresiesfilmproject.org/archive/</ref> E wiyde yeewtere nde o waɗdunoo e Dodie Bellamy, meeɗnooɗo jeyeede e fedde nde, heewɓe e terɗe fedde nde ko rewɓe miskineeɓe e alɗuɓe fof—hono no "renndo Marxist" nii. Bellamy wiyi kadi o tawi omo darii e cuuɗi e rewɓe heewɓe teskinaaɓe ko wayi no Susan Griffin sabu Guild.<ref>Buuck, David. “Dodie Bellamy by David Buuck”. ''Bomb'', January 2014. https://bombmagazine.org/articles/dodie-bellamy/</ref> == Iwdiiji == E wiyde winndannde yaltunde e jaaynde wiyeteende Femme’s ''Studies Quarterly'' nde Freedman e Rosaldo mbinndi, fedde winndooɓe rewɓe fuɗɗorii ko fedde adannde to Berkeley, Kaliforni, caggal ɗuum fedde to New York ; e kitaale 1980 fedde winndooɓe rewɓe ina joginoo ko ina ɓura 1000 tergal e 16 fedde nokkuure. Tergal e kitaale 1980 ina yoɓee fotde dolaaruuji sappo e ɗiɗi wonande terɗe, tawi tawtoraaɓe ɓe ngalaa kaalis ina poti yoɓde feccere tan e njoɓdi terɗe. Dubois hollitii wonde, “FWG ina woodi ngam ƴellitde golle denndaangal rewɓe e winndooɓe feministe en tawa ina jeyaa heen denndaangal leƴƴi tokoosi e nder duuɓi, e nder renndo, e nder leñol, e nder ɓurondiral; E wiyde yimoowo e bayyinoowo biyeteeɗo David Grundy, luulndiiɗo Fedde Winndooɓe Rewɓe ko Fedde Winndooɓe Rewɓe, fedde sosaande e hitaande 1975 sabu « hareeji to Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde San Francisco State ngam ɓeydude jannginooɓe rewɓe e naatnude rewɓe winndooɓe e nder jaŋde ». == ''Tensions'' ko faati e leñol e kalaas == Ɓeen ñaawooɓe « Guilde des écrivains féministes » ina tuuma wonde fedde ndee ina ɓalee no feewi. Yeru, Dodie Bellamy hollitii wonde “Heewɓe e terɗe fedde ndee ko gollotooɓe e miskineeɓe, kono rewɓe alɗuɓe ina keewi kadi.” Winndiyanke e golloowo biyeteeɗo Gloria Anzaldúa, hollitaama ina jeyaa e ɗeen pelle ɗiɗi kala. E nder winndannde makko nde o winndi e jaaynde wiyeteende Journal on Narrative Theory, Grundy ƴetti konngol Anzaldúa ngol o haali ko fayti e fedde winndooɓe rewɓe : “Mi tawii ndee renndo tokooso winndooɓe rewɓe to San Francisco, Oakland e Berkeley [...] ina woɗɗi no feewi rewɓe ɓaleeɓe. Ɓe taƴii kam nde ngon-mi e haalde ndee, walla caggal nde njoofnu-mi ɓe ciftini ko kaal-mi jooni koo e fawaade e miijooji maɓɓe e miijooji maɓɓe wonde enen fof en ngalaa pinal sabu en ngalaano pinal goɗɗal. Kono ɓe meeɗaa woppude ɓaleejo maɓɓe e galle. E nder winndannde makko jowitiinde e binndol ruuhu Anzaldúa, winndiyanke biyeteeɗo Christopher Tirres ina yaaji e humpito Anzaldúa e fedde winndooɓe rewɓe, o siftini yeewtereeji makko bayyinaaɗi. O naati heen ndeeɗoo haala : « Tuggi 1977 haa 1981, o hoɗi ko e nokku biyeteeɗo San Francisco Bay Area, ɗo o naati e fedde winndooɓe rewɓe, o ardii golle binndol keewɗe ko fayti e rewɓe Aduna Tataɓo, geɗe kalaas, walla tooñannge (Anzaldúa, Yeewtere 57).” == Konnguɗi e nder Poosuuji Men == E hitaande 1985, winndiyanke biyeteeɗo Celeste West yaltinii deftere wiyeteende ''Words in Our Pockets'': Deftere Fedde Winndooɓe Feministe en, ko fayti e no njaltirtee e yoɓeede. (Ndeen winndannde ina waawi soodeede haa jooni e Amazon.[citation needed]) Ko ɓuri haawnaade heen, ko gooto e binndanɗe Gloria Anzaldúa, “Haalde e ɗemɗe: ɓataake feewde e winndooɓe rewɓe winndere tataɓere” adii yaltude e ndee deftere, e wiyde wiɗtoowo biyeteeɗo Catherine H. Palczediders e nder winndannde mum: Gloria Anzaldúa ‘haalde e ɗemɗe: ɓataake feewde e winndooɓe rewɓe winndere 3ɓo’, yaltunde e jaaynde jokkondiral fuɗnaange. Binndol ngol yalti caggal ɗuum e nder Ooɗoo Ponndol ina wiyee ɓalewol am e Haaldude e koye men: Rewɓe Fuɗnaange. E wiyde Palczewski, ɗeen nokkuuje bayyinaango “ina ngadda ɓataake oo e yimɓe ɓurɓe yaajde e innde mum e tiitoonde mum.” == Jokkondiral goɗɗal e winndooɓe rewɓe == Winndooɓe rewɓe seeɗa ina limtaa e jokkondiral e ''The Feminist Writers Guild'', kono winndooɓe rewɓe heewɓe ina ciftora jokkondiral e jokkondiral e nder dingiral gootal e ɓeen ɓe nganndu-ɗaa ina keewi, ina njokkondiri e ndee fedde. Yeru, porfeseer e yimoowo biyeteeɗo Batya Weinbaum, nde winndi heen winndannde e batu OLOC (Lesbiyan en ɓooyɓe yuɓɓinɓe waylo-waylo) e hitaande 2015, o siftinii jokkondiral makko e Adrienne Rich rewrude e fedde winndooɓe rewɓe, nde o yillotoo wuro New York. Winndiyanke e yimoowo biyeteeɗo Danielle Notaro ko binndoowo goɗɗo teskinaaɗo e nder fedde winndooɓe rewɓe e kitaale 1980 ; Notaro wayi ko no jokkondirɗo e golle binndol keewɗe jokkondirɗe e guilde ndee. Weinbaum siftinii Danielle Notaro wonde « tergal gadanal e nder fedde winndooɓe rewɓe yahruɓe yeeso e jogaade teddungal keewngal ko wayi no naalanke konngol haalaaɗo ɓurɗo teeŋtude to Lehigh, PA e hitaande 2019 » no Weinbaum winndirta binndanɗe mum binndanɗe ngam mooftude FemSpec e hitaande 2019 e fedde winndooɓe rewɓe feeñii e winndannde juutnde nde winndiyanke [[Chicago]] biyeteeɗo S. L. Wisenberg winndi. E nder winndannde makko tiitoonde « [[Meksiko|Meksik]] e dow 15 dolaar ñalawma kala », Weisenberg siftinii wonde fedde winndooɓe rewɓe ina moofta defte ngam waɗde kasoo ''Cook County''. Hay so tawii won siftorde seeɗa e Guild ina golloo haa jooni, jokkondiral e who's who winndooɓe feminist en e teeminannde 21ɓiire ina wayi no ina heewi e jaayndeeji lolluɗi . Fedde nde ina heewi gollodaade e binndanɗe rewɓe goɗɗe ko wayi no Lewru 13—mo Ellen Marie Bissert, winndiyanke mum, wonnoo kadi tergal Fedde nde. == Tuugnorgal == kpi8gtgbfueghsdjrunti0agwn1xbi8 0 36354 181092 152346 2026-08-05T02:07:55Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181092 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Susan Jean Hekman''' (jibinaa ko ñalnde 28 feebariyee 1949), ko debbo jom en hakkillaaji en caggal jamaanu, ko jannginoowo ganndal politik e gardotooɗo porogaraam ganndal neɗɗaagu to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ''Texas to Arlington'' (UTA). Wiɗtooji Hekman ɗii ina cemmbina miijo rewɓe darnde.<ref name="Congress">{{cite web|title=Hekman, Susan J.|url=http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n82103996.html|publisher=Library of Congress|access-date=16 January 2015|quote=(Susan J. Hekman) data sht. (b. 02-28-49)}}</ref><ref name="UTA">{{cite web|title=Dr. Susan Hekman: Professor of Political Science; Director, Graduate Humanities Program|url=http://www.uta.edu/faculty/hekman/|publisher=Department of Political Science, University of Texas at Arlington|access-date=16 January 2015}}</ref><ref name="Flynn">{{cite book|last=Flynn|first=Elizabeth A.|contribution=Introduction|editor-last=Flynn|editor-first=Elizabeth A.|title=Feminism beyond modernism|url=https://archive.org/details/bwb_P9-CZZ-198|publisher=Southern Illinois University Press|location=Carbondale|year=2002|page=[https://archive.org/details/bwb_P9-CZZ-198/page/12 12]|isbn=9780809324354}}</ref> == Nguurndam == Hekman jibinaa ko to wuro wiyeteengo ''Grand Rapids'', to leydi Michigan, e hitaande 1949. Hekman heɓi doktoraa mum. ummoraade e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Wasinton to Seattle. Nde Hekman woni e NIAS ndee, o timminii tonngoode adannde e deftere makko nde o yiɗi winndude, wiyeteende « ''Subject Matters : Evolution'' du sujet dans la théorie féministe ». Hekman hollitii wonde, "deftere ndee maa won ƴeewndo darnde mawnde e ƴellitaare fannu oo e nder miijo rewɓe gila e cakkital teeminannde noogasɓere haa hannde. Bojel gadanol ngol, ko ƴeewndo golle Simone de Beauvoir, ƴaañoowo laawol, ina siftina teeminanɗe ɗe njogori rewde e ndeeɗoo tonngoode aroore deftere, mapping yuɓɓo chapteruuji e tesisuuji ɗi mi ƴellitta." === Defte === •Hekman, Susan (1995). Daandeeji moraal, koye moraal: Carol Gilligan e miijo moraal rewɓe. Bojel: Jaaynde politik. ISBN ko 0745614213. •Hekman, Suusan; Alaimo, Stasi (2008). Feminismeeji kaɓirɗe. Bulumington: Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Indiana. ISBN ko 9780253219466. === Binndanɗe jaayndeeji === •Hekman, Susan (Ndunngu 1997). "Goonga e laawol: miijo darnde rewɓe ƴeewtaama". Maandeeji: Jaaynde rewɓe e nder pinal e renndo. 22 (2). Duɗal Jaami’aare [[Chicago]]: 341-365. Doy: 10.1086/495159. JSTOR 3175275. S2CID 13884397. Ƴeew kadi : Hartsock, Nancy (Ndunngu 1997). "Miijo dow Hekman's "Goonga e Laawol: Miijo Feminist'en Yi'aama": goonga malla nuunɗal?". Maandeeji: Jaaynde rewɓe e nder pinal e renndo. 22 (2). Duɗal Jaami’aare [[Chicago]]: 367-374. 1086/495161. JSTOR 3175277. S2CID 143503819. == Tuugnorgal == egxy7nzqwhu4dwjn08d3gt9xxeq8h44 0 36434 180987 152647 2026-08-05T00:03:08Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180987 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Punjabi Folklore 02.jpg|thumb|Punjabi folklore 02]] '''Leñol Punjabi''' (ko ɓuri teeŋtude e jimɗi mum) ko huunde tiiɗnde e pinal Punjabi. Ko ɓuri teeŋtude e geɗe goɗɗe e nder daartol Punjabi ko farseeji, anekdoteeji, idioms, taariikaaji, e konnguɗi.<ref>Temple, Richard C. (1884) ''The Legends of the Panjab''. Bombay: Education Society's Press, [1884–1900] (Reissued with an introduction by Kartar Singh Duggal: Rupa and Company)</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=Varia folklorica|url=https://archive.org/details/variafolklorica0000unse|date=1978|publisher=Mouton|others=Alan Dundes, International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences|isbn=978-3-11-080772-1|location=The Hague [Noordeinde 41]|pages=[https://archive.org/details/variafolklorica0000unse/page/205 205]|chapter=Folklore Research in India – Punjab|oclc=561720258}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite book|last=Luhar|first=Sahdev|title=Folklore Studies in India: Critical Regional Responses|publisher=N. S. Patel (Autonomous) Arts College|year=2023|isbn=9788195500840|pages=53}}</ref> == Teffol == '''Fuɗɗam''' Richard Carnac Temple hollitii e nder deftere mum 1884, The Legends of the Punjab, wonde mbaydi taariindi Punjabi e jimɗi bardic ina ceerti hakkunde mum en, hay so tawii noon jimɗi bardic ɗii ɓuri wonde ko binndi (hono no ɗi laaminoo e meeteer e jimɗi sabu wonde ɗi e mbaadi mbaylaandi). Ɗum addani mo sikkude wonde daartol leñol ngol ummorii ko e binndol bardi, gonngol e mbaydiiji mbaylaandi.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Greenwood encyclopedia of folktales and fairy tales (in three volumes)|date=2008|publisher=Greenwood Press|others=Donald Haase|isbn=978-0-313-04947-7|location=Westport, Conn.|pages=895|chapter=South Asian Tales|oclc=192044183}}</ref> Miɗo yaakorii hollirde ɗoo no feewi wonde jimɗi bardic e daartol leñol ngol ina mahaa e dow diidi gooti tigi rigi haa ɗo daartol laaɓtungol ngol yahrata, hay so tawii noon ko adii fof ina jokkondiri e jikkuuji daartol tigi rigi, ina jillondiri e daartol goongaaji daartol goongaaji [ɗi Temple ina jogii nafoore]. Leñol ngol ina heewi no feewi e goonga ko dingiral tan, walla juɓɓule dingiral, tawa ina tawee e jimɗi ɗii, ɗo daartol kaawningol ngol tan siftortee, tawi inɗe e saraaji gollotooɓe e ngol siforaa [sic] njejjitaama. (Suudu dewal, v-vi)<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Folktales and fairy tales : traditions and texts from around the world|date=2016|others=Anne E. Duggan, Donald Haase, Helen Callow|isbn=978-1-61069-253-3|edition=2nd|location=Santa Barbara, California|pages=834|oclc=923255058}}</ref> — Donald Haase ina siftina R. C. Temple, deftere wiyeteende Greenwood, deftere taariindi e taariindi, hello 895 Teemedde Natal Raja Rasalu ina fiyra Raja Sirikap e nder fijirde chaupat (pasa), nate asliije ummoraade e deftere daartol Punjabi, nde Charles Swynnerton yaltini e nder deftere mum ‘Aventures du hero Panjáb Raja Rasálu, e daartol leñol Panjáb goɗɗol’ (1884)<ref>{{cite book|title=Pañjābī loka kahānīāṃ: rishatā nātā prabandha|first=Wīrapāla|last=Kaura|publisher=Wārīsa Shāha Phāuṇḍeshana|date=2005|page=104|isbn=9788178561561|lang=Punjabi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oPiBAAAAMAAJ&q=%22%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%87+%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0+,+%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B2+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%87+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%A4+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%87%22}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Pañjābī loka sāhita ate rītī riwāja|first=Balabīra Siṅgha|last=Pūnī|publisher=Sarawaprīta Siṅgha|date=1994|page=57|lang=Punjabi}}</ref> Taariikaaji Punjabi ina keewi naatde e daartol jowitiingol e daabaaji jannginoowo jannde nehdi. Ko ɗum tiitoonde ummoriinde e leydi Indiya ɓooyndi, yeru mum ko Panchatantra mo teeminannde tataɓere ko adii jibineede Iisaa. Teemedde goɗɗe ɓurɗe heewde tawaaɗe e nder daartol Punjabi ko sikkitaare wonɓe e jappeere laamu, e folly & pretense kuutorteeɗo ngam ñemmbude. Jaambaaro debbo e nder daartol Punjabi (pari/feere walla laamɗo debbo) ina tawee e nder ɓiɗɓe leɗɗe walla leɗɗe, ɗe ɓe inniri, walla e mbaadi daaba, ko wayi no kullon ladde (monkey walla ngaari) walla colli (swan walla paawngal/peahen). Daartol stud Wiɗtooji ganndal leƴƴi e nder e mooftude defte mawɗe ɗe leƴƴi Punjabi puɗɗii ko e jamaanu koloñaal, ko wayi no binndanɗe tati ɗe Flora Annie Steel winndi e jaŋde mum e leƴƴi Punjabi nokkuuji ɗii (1880), e firo leƴƴi tati e ɗemngal Engele, Richard Carnac Temple mo The48 Taariikaaji Punjab (1894) ɗi Steel winndi, e konnguɗi e tinndi Panjabi ɗi Charles Frederick Usborne winndi (1905). Punjabi en jeyaaɓe e leydi ndii kadi mballitii e ndeeɗoo fannu, won heen inɗe ko Devendra Satyarthi, Mohinder Singh Randhawa, Amrita Pritam, Karnail Singh Thind, Sohinder Singh Wanjara Bedi, Giani Gurdit Singh, e Sukhdev Madpuri, ɓe mballitii e binndanɗe bayyinaaɗe e nder defte binndaaɗe e nder defte binndaaɗe ɗee. == Doggol leƴƴi Punjabi == * Ko njilluuji Raja Rasalu * Lefol Laamɗo Salbán * Lefol ngol Guru Gugga * Puran Bhagat * Ballade Sheek Khokhar * Heer ranjha * Mirza Sahiba * Sassi punnun * Sohni Mahiwal * Yuusuf e Zuleyka * Ballade Dulla Bhatti * Dhola Mar == Ƴeew kadi == Vaar * Punjabi Qisse * Mirai * Diina leñol Punjabi * Gimɗi leñol Punjabi == Tuugnorgal == <references /> 2u8tpevbdzon0xj1cmcfwtkyy0gjshn 0 36478 181058 152841 2026-08-05T01:35:01Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181058 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Elicita 'Cita' Morei''' ko daraniiɗo ndimaagu rewɓe Palau e haɓaade kaɓirɗe nukliyeer, ko binndoowo. O jeyaa ko e fedde rewɓe Belau, Otil a Beluad e binnduɗo deftere Belau Be Brave e Lelnude Aawdi Mustard Jam Aduna.Morei is also an active campaigner for the preservation of the land in the Pacific island of [[Palau]]. Morei kadi ko kampaañ tiiɗɗo ngam hisnude leydi ndii e duunde Palau Pasifik. == Je hoore == Morei ko ɓiy kampaañ haɓantooɗo nukliyeer, gardinooɗo Otil a Beluad, hono Gabriela Ngirmang.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Gender and Globalization in Asia and the Pacific: Method, Practice, Theory|url=https://archive.org/details/genderglobalizat0000unse_j0g0|last1=Ferguson|first1=Kathy E.|last2=Mironesco|first2=Monique|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0824831592|pages=[https://archive.org/details/genderglobalizat0000unse_j0g0/page/322 322]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.greenleft.org.au/content/celebrating-life-gabriela-ngirmang-palau|title=Celebrating the life of Gabriela Ngirmang of Palau|date=6 September 2016|work=Green Left Weekly|access-date=12 November 2017|language=en}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == fibe1hhq8shkalshparuo83qmiqwk6d 0 36511 180972 157909 2026-08-04T23:50:40Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180972 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Claire Schapira''' (jibinaa ko 19 lewru bowte hitaande 1946 to Pari)<ref>{{cite book|title=The Musical Woman: An International Perspective|url=https://archive.org/details/musicalwomaninte0000unse|last=Overhauser|first=Catherine|editor1-first=Judith Lang|editor1-last=Zaimont|editor1-link=Judith Lang Zaimont|editor2-last=Gottlieb|editor2-first=Jane|year=1984|publisher=Greenwood Press|isbn=9780313235870}}{{page needed|date=August 2022}}</ref> ko Faraysenaajo, jimoowo, jimoowo, jimoowo.<ref name="Cdmc">[https://web.archive.org/web/20241102152252/http://www.cdmc.asso.fr/en/ressources/compositeurs/biographies/schapira-claire-1946 "Schapira, Claire (1946)"], [[Centre de documentation de la musique contemporaine]] (Cdmc)</ref> O janngi piyanɗe, harpsichord, tiyaataar jimɗi e jimɗi, o heɓi bak makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Paris.<ref>{{BrahmsOnline|2876|Claire Schapira}}</ref> O woniino hoɗnooɗo to Villa Medici to Rome, o waɗii stage to Ircam. O heɓi dokkal ummoraade e ministeer pinal Farayse e hitaande 1985 ngam winndude opera La Partition de sable. Golle makko mbaɗaama e nder winndere ndee.<ref name="Cdmc2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20241102152252/http://www.cdmc.asso.fr/en/ressources/compositeurs/biographies/schapira-claire-1946 "Schapira, Claire (1946)"], [[Centre de documentation de la musique contemporaine]] (Cdmc)</ref><ref>{{BrahmsOnline|2876|Claire Schapira}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Musical Woman: An International Perspective|url=https://archive.org/details/musicalwomaninte0000unse|last=Overhauser|first=Catherine|editor1-first=Judith Lang|editor1-last=Zaimont|editor1-link=Judith Lang Zaimont|editor2-last=Gottlieb|editor2-first=Jane|year=1984|publisher=Greenwood Press|isbn=9780313235870}}{{page needed|date=August 2022}}</ref> == Golle == Golle cuɓaaɗe ina heen : * La Feccere de sable, opera * Trameeji * Ko laaɓaani * Tenebreeji * Feccere insolite * Le Ciel ko duuɓi am e nder weltaare * Akemiin * Siftorde * Requiem pour la paix (ko Rajo Farayse yamiri ɗum) * La Chaine (1981) * Yimre cousu (1985) * Rumeur (1986) * On njaaraama (Orkestra Simfoni Ngenndiijo RAI) * E nder njaaweeki * Interjections II (Festival de Pari)[laɓɓingol ina haani]. * Contes (Musica[laɓɓitingol ina haani] e ñalngu Salzburg) * Jimol ngol ɗiɗo * Antigon * Sans craindre le vertige et le vent' * Jimɗi mêlés * Sisife * Kasandre * Stabat Mater (e ballal Fedde Beaumarchais) * Ɓoornugol Kasandre, opera == Tuugnorgal == kqdczlqg86pz7xx6vjgokmsc5h74blw 0 36514 180854 152956 2026-08-04T21:44:44Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180854 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Mary Siezgle'''<ref name="Blanton and Wike">{{cite book|last1=Blanton|first1=DeAnne|last2=Wike|first2=Laura Cook|title=They Fought Like Demons: Women Soldiers in the American Civil War|date=2002|publisher=LSU Press|isbn=0807128066|page=15|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=deYLGaWeUCcC&pg=PA26|accessdate=19 February 2017}}</ref> ko soldaat konu Dental e nder wolde hakkunde leyɗeele Amerik.<ref name="Bonnie Tsui">{{Cite book|last=Tsui|first=Bonnie|title=She Went to the Field: Women Soldiers of the Civil War|location=Guilford|publisher=TwoDot|date=2006|isbn=|page=70}}</ref>Golle makko puɗɗii ko e infirmiyee, kono o naati e jom suudu makko e nder konu 44ɓo New York Infantry o ɓoornii wutte gorko.<ref>{{cite book|last=Leonard|first=Elizabeth D.|title=All the Daring of the Soldier: Women of the Civil War Armies|year=1999|location=New York|publisher=W.W.Norton and Company|isbn=9780393047127|page=[https://archive.org/details/alldaringofsoldi00leon/page/223 223-224]|url=https://archive.org/details/alldaringofsoldi00leon/page/223}}</ref> O jeyaa ko e rewɓe njoyo anndaaɓe tawtoraama hare Gettysburg.<ref name="Bonnie Tsui3">{{Cite book|last=Tsui|first=Bonnie|title=She Went to the Field: Women Soldiers of the Civil War|location=Guilford|publisher=TwoDot|date=2006|isbn=|page=70}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Hall|first=Richard H.|title=Women on the Civil War Battlefront|url=https://archive.org/details/womenoncivilwarb0000hall|location=Lawrence|publisher=University Press of Kansas|date=2006|isbn=9780700614370|page=[https://archive.org/details/womenoncivilwarb0000hall/page/235 235]}}</ref> == Njawdi == E hitaande 1915, jaaynde wiyeteende New York Times yaltinii winndannde ko fayti e golle Siezgle.<ref name="Bonnie Tsui2">{{Cite book|last=Tsui|first=Bonnie|title=She Went to the Field: Women Soldiers of the Civil War|location=Guilford|publisher=TwoDot|date=2006|isbn=|page=70}}</ref><ref name="Bonnie Tsui4">{{Cite book|last=Tsui|first=Bonnie|title=She Went to the Field: Women Soldiers of the Civil War|location=Guilford|publisher=TwoDot|date=2006|isbn=|page=70}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Hall|first=Richard H.|title=Women on the Civil War Battlefront|url=https://archive.org/details/womenoncivilwarb0000hall|location=Lawrence|publisher=University Press of Kansas|date=2006|isbn=9780700614370|page=[https://archive.org/details/womenoncivilwarb0000hall/page/235 235]}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == 2mpers9nsacblzycfdc0bhfs1yndoe7 0 36586 180957 153169 2026-08-04T23:35:41Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180957 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Onomaris''' ko laamɗo debbo laamɗo Celtic. O siforaama e nder deftere daartol Giriik nde anndaaka, anndiraande e ɗemngal Latin Tractatus de mulieribus claris in dello. E wiyde ndeeɗoo lowre binndol, leñol makko, tampingol e ŋakkeende nguura, ina hatojini e dogde e leydi mum, ina ɗaɓɓi ɗooftaade kala jiɗɗo ardaade ɗum en. Nde hay gooto jaɓaani ɗaɓɓaande ndee, Onomari en kawritii jawdi mum en, ardii eggugol ngol haa fuɗnaange-rewo Orop. Onomaris tacci Ister, laami leydi ndii caggal nde fooli hoɗɓe e nokku hee e wolde. O hiisaama o wuuri ko hedde teeminannde 4ɓiire ko adii jibineede Iisaa.O teddinaama e Galatiyankooɓe sabu golle makko.Kono noon, ngonka daartol nguurndam makko anndaaka, ɗum noon laaɓtaani so tawii ko o neɗɗo goonga walla ko jikku lefol.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Celtic Culture: A-Celti, Volume I|url=https://archive.org/details/celticculturehis0001unse|last=Koch|first=John|date=2006|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=1-85109-440-7|location=Santa Barbara, CA|pages=1396}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Rankin|first=H. D.|title=Celts and the classical world|url=https://archive.org/details/celtsclassicalwo0000rank|date=1996|isbn=0-203-27860-7|location=London|oclc=52059285}}</ref><ref name=":1">Gera, Deborah (1997). Warrior Women: The Anonymous Tractatus De Mulieribus. E.J. Brill, Leiden, the Netherlands. p. 10-11. {{ISBN|90-04-10665-0}}.</ref><ref name=":32">{{cite book|last=Freedman|first=Phillip|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PdZMbuVuElEC&q=Onomaris&pg=PA27|title=The Philosopher and the Druids: A Journey Among the Ancient Celts|publisher=Simon & Schuster|year=2006|isbn=0-7432-8906-4|location=New York, NY|pages=115–116}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kazakevych|first=Gennadii|title=Horse-Rider Image on the Coins of the Eastern Celts and the Cult of Celtic War Goddess|date=2021-12-30|url=https://numismatic-journal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/111|journal=The Ukrainian Numismatic Annual|language=en|issue=5|pages=81–92|doi=10.31470/2616-6275-2021-5-81-92|s2cid=245600751|issn=2616-6275|doi-access=free}}</ref> == Inde == Innde Onomaris ndee ina nanndi e helmere Gerek kono ina wayi no ko nde jokkere enɗam, tawa heen geɗel ɗiɗaɓel ngel “-maris” ina hollira ɗaɗol kelme firti ko “mawɗo”. Ina waawi kadi firtude « cumu koɗki », walla ina waawi wonde « no cumu mawngu walla lekki rowan nii ». Ina sikkaa kadi wonde on walla on(n)o e innde makko firti ko “maayo”, ina yahdi e daartol makko ardingol taƴgol maayo. E nder etimoloji goɗɗo ina waawi wonde ummorii ko e huunde "-ris", nde waawi jokkondirde e "-rix," maanaa "laamɗo".dello]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Freeman|first=Philip|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PdZMbuVuElEC&q=Onomaris&pg=PA27|title=The Philosopher and the Druids: A Journey Among the Ancient Celts|date=2006|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=0-7432-8906-4|location=New York|pages=206}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> == Tuugnorgal == 1x6lqe5s2azo6ar1cng7xakss31183a 0 36588 180879 153178 2026-08-04T22:10:47Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180879 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Sesiliya Margaret Nairn''' jibinaaɗo e hitaande 1791 – 4 suwee 1857) ko Irlanndaajo, peewnoowo nate e pentoowo. O woni ko e nate leydi e mbaydiiji puɗi. Nate Nairn kolliraama to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Royal Hibernian gila 1826 haa 1851.<ref name="getty" /><ref name="oxford">{{Cite book|url=http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/benz/9780199773787.article.B00128539|title=Nairn, Cecilia Margaret|date=2011-10-31|publisher=Oxford University Press|series=Benezit Dictionary of Artists|doi=10.1093/benz/9780199773787.article.b00128539|access-date=2018-07-05|archive-date=2018-07-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180616/http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/benz/9780199773787.article.B00128539|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cecilia Margaret Campbell (Irish, 1791–1857)|url=http://www.artnet.com/artists/cecilia-margaret-campbell/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-13|website=www.artnet.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180409/http://www.artnet.com/artists/cecilia-margaret-campbell/|archive-date=2018-07-05}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite book|title=The Dictionary of British Women Artists|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LfAFBAAAQBAJ|section=O|first=Sara|last=Gray|publisher=[[Casemate Publishers|Casemate]]|year=2009|isbn=978-0718830847}} (listed as "O'Connor, Cecilia Margaret", father: "J.A. O'Connor")</ref> == Kugal == Pentol Nairn e tinndi ndiyam, Bray Head O woniino almuudo baaba makko John Henry Campbell, kanko ne ko o pentoowo.E nder duuɓi sappo e jeetati, o fuɗɗii hollirde golle makko e nder kollirɗe keewɗe. E hitaande 1809, o neldi golle makko to koolol to laawol Hawkins to Dublin ngam ƴeewteede ; o jokki e wallitde e ndee hiirde haa hitaande 1821. Caggal ndeen sahaa, o wallitorii golle makko e nder Akademi Royal Hibernian tuggi 1826 haa 1847 to gure Killarney e Wicklow. Musium Ulster ina joginoo limre makko e nate makko ndiyam.<ref name=":02">{{Citation|last=Strickland|first=Walter|chapter=HERALD-PAINTERS|pages=569–576|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9781139382113|doi=10.1017/cbo9781139382113.016|title=A Dictionary of Irish Artists|year=2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.whytes.ie/art/near-glenties-county-donegal-1850-a-pair/127952/?SearchString=&LotNumSearch=&GuidePrice=&OrderBy=&ArtistID=14694&ArrangeBy=list&NumPerPage=15&offset=0|title=NEAR GLENTIES, COUNTY DONEGAL, 1850 (A PAIR) by Cecilia Margaret Nairn (1791-1857) (1791-1857) at Whyte's Auctions {{!}} Whyte's - Irish Art & Collectibles|website=Whyte's|access-date=2019-04-26}}</ref><ref name="Butler 1997 65–66">{{Cite book|last=Butler|first=Patricia|title=Three hundred years of Irish watercolours and drawings|url=https://archive.org/details/threehundredyear0000butl|date=1997|publisher=Phoenix Illustrated|isbn=0-7538-0206-6|location=London|pages=[https://archive.org/details/threehundredyear0000butl/page/65 65]–66|oclc=39489326}}</ref> == Nguurndam e maayde == Nairn jibinaa ko to Dublin e hitaande 1791.Omo jogii miñiraaɓe ɗiɗo, John e Charles. John ina hoɗi to Belfast, ko o diisneteeɗo e nate damask e linen, Charles ko ofisee konu. O resi George Nairn, pentoowo pucci Irlannda (1799 – 25 lewru Yarkomaa 1850). Ɓiɗɗo maɓɓe debbo biyeteeɗo Anna Langley Nairn (fl. 1844 – 1848, caggal ɗuum Armstrong) e ɓiɗɗo maɓɓe gorko biyeteeɗo John Campbell Nairn fof ngonti naalankooɓe. o maayi ko to Oak House, to Battersea, ñalnde 4 lewru nduu hitaande 1850, tawi omo yahra e duuɓi 65.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Clarke|first=Frances|date=2009|title=Cecilia Margaret Campbell ''in'' Campbell, John Henry|url=https://www.dib.ie/biography/campbell-john-henry-a1425|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-13|website=Dictionary of Irish Biography|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211213133902/https://www.dib.ie/biography/campbell-john-henry-a1425|archive-date=2021-12-13}}</ref><ref name="NGI" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":03" /> == Tuugnorgal == grrww1kkfh3y1994eervfmw7t9lyekk 0 36632 181050 153345 2026-08-05T01:27:47Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181050 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Bulugan walla Bulukhan''' (e ɗemngal mongol: Булган хатан,ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ; ɗemngal Sinuwaa : 卜魯罕) ko laamɗo debbo mongol, debbo laamɗo Yuan biyeteeɗo Temür Khan (laamɗo 1294 haa 1307). Bulugan waɗii regent ngam gorko mum ñawɗo, ko famɗi fof ina laami laamu nguu.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IvoQQU1QL_QC&q=Janine+Charbonnier+(born+1926)&pg=PA115|title=The Norton/Grove dictionary of women composers|first1=Julie Anne|last1=Sadie|first2=Rhian|last2=Samuel|year=1994|publisher=W. W. Norton & Company|accessdate=20 January 2011|isbn=9780393034875}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Janine Andree Cacheux|url=https://deces.matchid.io/id/nkeDO7AqYG9W|publisher=Fichier des décès|access-date=10 September 2022}}</ref> == Nguurndam == O jeyaa ko e leñol Baya’ut, ɓiy Torgus Küregen gollinnooɗo Gengis Khan. O waɗaama laamɗo debbo caggal maayde Shirindari e hitaande 1305. Bulugan waɗii regent ngam gorko mum ñawɗo, ko famɗi fof ina laami laamu nguu. O waɗi ɓiy Shirindari biyeteeɗo Prince Deshou ronooɓe laamu nguu e lewru suwee 1305. Ngam tabitinde lomto suka oo, o itti denndaangal luulndiiɓe potɓe wonde e ñaawirdu nduu. Yeru, ɓiy Darmabala biyeteeɗo Ayurbarwada neldaa Henan ngam wonde laamɗo Huaning, kono Deshou sankii ko ñalnde 3 Yarkomaa 1306. == Nguurndam caggal == Caggal mum e hitaande 1307 nde Temür Khan maayi, Bulugan woɗɗiti banndiraaɓe yumma Khunggirad biyeteeɗo Khaishan e Ayurbarwada, o etii sosde juulɗo biyeteeɗo Ananda, ɓiy Manggala, ngam wonde khagan keso. Kanko Bulugan o resi Ananda, o naati lislaam. Fedde makko ndee ina wallitnoo won e mawɓe Sekretariyaa gonɗo e les njiimaandi Aqutai. Ananda ko laamɗo lolluɗo, baawɗo reende diiwanuuji Yuan e konu Ögedeid e Chaghatayid, omo jogii ko ɓuri heewde e konu laamɗo e les makko to Anxi. Kono o alaa doole konu e nder laamorgo laamɗo oo, o woniino juulɗo luutndiiɗo ko ɓuri heewde e Mongol en Buddhist en e Tengriist en. Fedde Khongirad hulɓinii heen, nanngi Ananda e Bulugan e kuudetaa, noddi Ayurbarwada e Dagi ummoriiɓe Henan. Ndeen Khayishan fellitii waɗde kewu laamu nguu to Shangdu no mawniiko gorko biyeteeɗo Khubilai Khan waɗiri nii, o yahri yeeso feewde fuɗnaange e ko ɓuri heewde e konu makko. O jaɓɓaama e Ayurbarwada, o woppi khan, o ƴetti jappeere laamu. Ɓe mbari Ananda, Bulugan e wondiiɓe mum en e hitaande 1307.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.histoireinform.com/Histoire/Musique/musiqelec.htm|title=COMPOSITION DE MUSIQUE PAR L'ELECTRONIQUE|accessdate=20 January 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Art, action and participation|url=https://archive.org/details/artactionpartici0000popp|author=Popper, Frank|year=1975}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == tql3gwzomgpd56nw35lnazsy7cjfqzu 0 36633 180963 153348 2026-08-04T23:40:36Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180963 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Yekaterina Chemberdzhi''' (e ɗemngal Riisi: Екатерина Владимировна Чемберджи́), kadi ko Katia Tchemberdji (innde teskinnde) walla Jekaterina Wladimirowna Tchemberdschi (mbaydi Almaañ) (jibinaa ko ñalnde 6 mee 1960), ko piyanoowo e jimoowo Riisinaajo. == Nguurndam e golle == Ɓiɗɗo debbo biyeteeɗo Vladimir Posner e Valentina Chemberdzhi e taaniiko debbo jimoowo biyeteeɗo Zara Levina e Nikolai Chemberdzhi, jibinaa ko to Moscow, o fuɗɗii janngude jimɗi ko e duuɓi 7. E hitaande 1978 o janngi jimɗi e piyanɗe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Moscow e Nikolai Korlov e Nikolai Korlodor.<ref>{{cite book|title=The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians: Canon to Classic rock|url=https://archive.org/details/newgrovedictiona0007unse_i0n8|first=Stanley|last=Sadie|first2=John|last2=Tyrrell|year=2001}}</ref> Caggal nde o joofni jaŋde makko, Chemberdzhi ƴetti golle tuggi 1984 haa 1990 jannginde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Gnessin to Moscow. E hitaande 1990 o ummii o fayi Berlin worgo. O woniino e golle e nder kewuuji winndereeji, ko o piyanist e ko o jimoowo. Ko wayi no pijirlooji baɗeteeɗi e Berliner Festspiele, Fedde Kuhmo Chamber Music Festival, Tage Neuer Musik Zürich, kadi ko wayi no Solist en e feddeeji hono The Hilliard Ensemble, Charoun, Sibelius Quartet, Staats- und Berlin Domngakaor O waɗii jimɗi filmuuji ngam filmuuji keewɗi Riisi e Almaañ. == Golle == Golle cuɓaaɗe ina heen : 1990 : Sonaat ngam klarinet e piyanɗe 1991 : Tato Heidelberg, ngam klarinet, violon e piyanɗe 1991 : E nder siftorde, ngam daartoowo, piyanɗe, luggere, violon e cello caggal jimɗi Anna Akhmatova 1991 : E nder Namen Amadeus, ngam viola, klarinet, piyanɗe e kaset 1995 : Jamma e ñalawma : Teddungal M. C. Escher, ngam piyanɗe gooto 1996 : Labyrinth e siftorde Oleg Kagan, ngam orkestra (3) e cello gooto 1998 : Max e Moritz, ko jimɗi suudu caggal William Busch 2000 : Koolol 2 ngol, caggal Rainer Maria Rilke 2003 : Luulndo, ngam ensemble 2003 : Womre Bow tati, ngam cello e piyanɗe 2003: Ma ́or, ngam klarinet gooto 2006 : Abschiedsgesänge, ngam yimooɓe nayi e orkestra suudu caggal jimɗi Rainer Maria Rilke e Apollonius Rhodius == 2007: Puluton !, Ɓiɗɗo == 2009 : Die Fragen des Bartholomäus, ngam yimooɓe joy gooto, koral, orkestra e orkestra == Winndannde cuɓaande == == Golle suudu == == Tuugnorgal == 15t1d75xydf57knka7qdq73iq2doew4 0 36634 180801 153351 2026-08-04T20:42:56Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180801 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Christina de Stommeln''' (24 sulyee 1242 – 6 noowammbar 1312), ganndiraaɗo kadi Christina Bruso e Christina Bruzo, ko mistiik, ekstatik, jom njurum.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Coakley|first=John W.|title=Women, men, and spiritual power : female saints and their male collaborators|url=https://archive.org/details/womenmenspiritua00coak_0|date=2006|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=0-231-50861-1|location=New York|oclc=64394427}}</ref> Ina sikkaa Christina jibinaa ko ñalnde 24 sulyee 1242, to remooɓe biyeteeɓe Heinrich e Hilla Bruso to wuro wiyeteengo Stumbeln (Stommeln hannde), to worgo-fuɗnaange Koloñ. Nde o heɓi duuɓi joy, o fuɗɗii yiyde gite diine. Nde o yahrata e duuɓi sappo, o hoyɗi, Almasiihu wiyi mo wonde o wuurdata ko e Beguines.Nde o heɓi duuɓi sappo e ɗiɗi jibnaaɓe makko njiɗnoo ko yuɓɓinde dewgal makko, kono o yalti galle tawi o alaa yamiroore maɓɓe, o naati e renndo Beguine to Cologne. E duuɓi sappo e joy, o hollitii stigma e juuɗe makko, e koyɗe makko, e hoore makko. Ɗuum, e wondude e geɗe goɗɗe teskinɗe, ina hollita woɗɓe e nder renndo ngo wonde ko o jom gacce, kadi ko o jom doole en, ɗum addani mo hootde wuro makko e hitaande 1267. Nde o arti Stommeln, ko almuudo parrois biyeteeɗo Johannes ƴetti mo. Nde o woni e toppitagol makko, Christina hawri e Peter mo Dacia, Dominiknaajo, wonti sehil makko haa abada. Caggal maayde Piyeer e hitaande 1288, ko Christine yi’ata e nder sirlu mum dartii. O yalti galle almuudo oo, o naati e nder suudu tokoosru, o wuuri nguurndam deeƴɗam haa o maayi e duuɓi 70 ñalnde 6 noowammbar 1312. O adii wirneede ko e nder galle ekkol Stommeln, kono heddiiɓe e makko ina njibinaa laabi keewɗi: ko adii fof e nder ekkol, caggal ɗuum to Nideg the92,13 Propsteikirche (Eklesiya Provost) to wuro wiyeteengo Jülich, ɗo monimaaji Christine ina ngoodi haa jooni. Ko heddii koo wuuri ko e halkaare Egliis Provost e sahaa nde Allies yani e Jülich ñalnde 16 noowammbar 1944. Papa Pius X beatifi mo ñalnde 8 noowammbar 1908, juulde makko liturgique fawaa e ñalngu maayde makko. == Ƴeew kadi == == Portal seniiɓe == == Seniiɓe e lewlewndu == == Tuugnorgal == cjunt33epb3yt663o448ba60dcxui2d 0 36636 180917 153359 2026-08-04T22:48:56Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180917 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sibil Simeriyanke, ina wiyee Carmentis''', ko debbo annabaajo ardinooɗo Oracle Apollon to Simeriyan to Itali, sara maayo Avernus, nokku Cumae. == Ɓawo == Konngol Sibyl ummorii ko (e ɗemngal Latin) e konngol Giriik ɓooyngol sibylla, firti ko annabi debbo. Sibiluuji keewɗi ina ngoodi e aduna ɓooyɗo (yeru, Samian, Cumaean), kono Sibil Cimmerian ina teddiniree yimɓe jeyaaɓe e leydi hee ko adii Hellenic.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Virgil, "Aeneid" 6: A Commentary|last=Horsfall|first=Nicholas|date=2013|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|isbn=978-3-11-022990-5|location=Berlin|pages=81}}</ref> Sibyl Cimmerian ina waawi wonde ɗiɗo wonande C{{Databox}}umaean nde tawnoo innde Cimmerian ndee ina firta almudɓe rewɓe hoɗɓe e les leydi sara maayo Avernus. Koɗorɗe orakulaaji baɗaaɗe e Apollo, hono no Delphi nii, ina darii e dow Acropolis Cumae. Laawol Roomnaaɓe les leydi ina ummoo e bannge worgo-fuɗnaange Cumae, rewrude e tufnde Grillo haa e daande maayo Avernus. Kono tan, ina woodi lowre seerndi Sibiluuji ɗiɗi ɗii, ko wayi no teskini ko Sibil Cumaean wonaa Sibil Cimmeryanke rokki laamɗo Tarquin deftere mum annabaagal.ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Book Three of the Sibylline Oracles and Its Social Setting|last=Buitenwerf|first=Rieuwerd|date=2003|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-12861-3|location=Leiden|pages=100}}<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book|title=Greek and Roman Necromancy|url=https://archive.org/details/greekromannecrom0000ogde|last=Ogden|first=Daniel|date=2019-12-31|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-11968-7|location=Princeton, NJ|pages=[https://archive.org/details/greekromannecrom0000ogde/page/70 70]}}</ref> Konte ==== Sibil oo ko winndiyanke Kampani biyeteeɗo Naevius haali ɗum e nder pijirlooji mum biyeteeɗi Carmen belli penici binndaaɗi hakkunde 235 e 204 ko adii jibineede Iisaa. Ɗumɗoo ina jeyaa e ko adii fof ko Sibyl Itaali. Naevius kadi innirii Sibil Simeriyanke e nder defte mum wolde Punik e Piso e nder defte mum (Varro e nder Lactantius Inst. 1.6.9). Natal ina hollita kadi wonde ko dramatik oo wondunoo e Eneas e darorɗe teeminannde tataɓere ko adii jibineede Iisaa. nde o yilliima Sibil Simeri. ==== Annabi debbo oo kadi limtaama e nder deftere wiyeteende Liber Floridus nde Lambert mo St. Omer winndi, ɗo Sibyl seerti e Sibil Samian. O anndiraama e ndee winndannde ko "India" tawi ɗiɗmo oo ina wiyee "Phemonoe". Ɓiɗɗo Sibyl biyeteeɗo Evander sosi to Rome nokku teskinɗo gadano biyeteeɗo Pan ina wiyee Lupercal walla Lupercum. == Tuugnorgal == 87odq3mrvphvyvf9rx7b8tqrnky2l2u 0 36637 180965 153365 2026-08-04T23:43:49Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180965 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Claricia walla Clarica''' ko lewru Almaañnaajo e teeminannde 13ɓiire. O anndaa ko e waɗde natal makko e nder psalter Almaañ worgo c. 1200, jooni ko e galle pinal biyeteeɗo Walters, to Baltimore. E nder natal makko, o hollitii hoore makko ina ɓuuɓtoo gila e wutte alkulal Q. Yanti heen, o winndi innde makko e dow hoore makko.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Artists of the Middle Ages|last=Ross|first=Leslie|date=2003|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-31903-7|location=Westport, CT|pages=[https://archive.org/details/artistsofmiddlea00ross/page/141 141]|url=https://archive.org/details/artistsofmiddlea00ross/page/141}}</ref> Janngirɗe rewɓe e fannu binndol e naalankaagal jamaanu hakkundeejo hono Whitney Chadwick e Dorothy Miner peeñninii golle Claricia e nder gootal e binndanɗe mum. “Juuɗe Claricia ko gootel nder defte ɗuuɗɗe nder deftere nde’e, ko ɗum waɗi Dorothy Miner timmini dow limse maako – hoore maako nde suddaaki, gaasa maako ɗon ɓorna, bee limce ɗe ɗon ɓadi les limce juutɗe bee toɓɓe juutɗe ɗe ɗon ndari dow juuɗe maako – o laati janngoowo haa suudu dewal.”<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Grove Encyclopedia of Medieval Art and Architecture|url=https://archive.org/details/groveencyclopedi0006unse|last=Hourihane|first=Colum|date=2012|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-539536-5|location=Oxford|pages=[https://archive.org/details/groveencyclopedi0006unse/page/647 647]}}</ref><ref>Whitney Chadwick: "Woman, Art, and Society", p. 53</ref> Luural ina woodi ko fayti e golle Claricia. Annduɓe hono Miner ina cikki wonde Claricia ko debbo layya – ina gasa tawa ko debbo jibinaaɗo toowɗo – golloowo e nder suudu binnditagol (scriptorium) to Augsburg. Won heen njaɓaani wonde o gollotoo ko e balloowo konngol, teskiima wonde ɗemngal jabuura ngal ina ƴattoroo.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Reassessing the Roles of Women as 'Makers' of Medieval Art and Architecture (2 Vol. Set)|last=Martin|first=Therese|date=2012|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-18555-5|pages=400}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Women and the Book: Assessing the Visual Evidence|url=https://archive.org/details/womenbookassessi0000unse|last=Smith|first=Lesley|last2=Taylor|first2=Jane|date=1997|publisher=University of Toronto Press|isbn=978-0-8020-8069-1|pages=[https://archive.org/details/womenbookassessi0000unse/page/117 117]}}</ref> == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol naalankooɓe rewɓe Almaañ Guda (denuɗo) == Tuugnorgal == 7zjil4vf32uprkownt24fzfad61ejkt 0 36638 181010 153371 2026-08-05T00:44:40Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181010 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Adrienne Clostre''' (9 ut 1921 – 5 ut 2006) ko jimol Faraysenaajo. O jibinaa ko to Thomery, to Sene-et-Marne, o janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Pari, to Yves Nat, Darius Milhaud, Jean Rivier e Olivier Messiaen.<ref>{{cite book|title=Flute Music by Women Composers: An Annotated Catalog|author=Boenke, Heidi M.|publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing]]|year=1988|isbn=0313368317}}</ref> Caggal nde o timmini jaŋde makko, Clostre golliima e jimɗi. O heɓi njeenaari mawndi Rome e hitaande 1949, njeenaari mawndi e nder wuro Pari e hitaande 1955, njeenaari Florence Gould e hitaande 1976 e njeenaari SACD e hitaande 1987.Clostre resii arsitek Robert Biset e hitaande 1951, o jibini ɓiɓɓe rewɓe ɗiɗo. O maayi ko to wuro wiyeteengo Serrières.<ref>{{cite book|title=Organ and harpsichord music by women composers: an annotated catalog|url=https://archive.org/details/organharpsichord0000hein|author=Heinrich, Adel|author2-link=Adel Heinrich|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic|year=1991|isbn=0313268029}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IvoQQU1QL_QC&q=Adrienne+Clostre+(born+1921)&pg=PA122|title=The Norton/Grove dictionary of women composers|first1=Julie Anne|last1=Sadie|first2=Rhian|last2=Samuel|year=1994|publisher=W. W. Norton & Company|isbn=9780393034875|page=122}}</ref> == Golle == Golle cuɓaaɗe ina heen : == Yimre du cygne == Lux mundi, orke sukaaɓe, hitaande 1985 Maagi Modal, hitaande 1986 Simfoni ngam ɓoggi, 1949 Konserto ngam oboe e orkestra suudu == Tuugnorgal == 90l1i9kpkasl78ofofcf3jpopxuw8re 0 36639 180894 153374 2026-08-04T22:23:25Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180894 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Jeanne''' (Albertine) Colin-De Clerck (jibinaa ko ñalnde 9 lewru Yarkomaa 1924) ko jimoowo belsiknaajo, kuutortooɗo kadi inɗe Jeanne Colin e Albertine De Clerck. O jibinaa ko to Biriksel, to leydi Belsik, o janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde (Conservatoire Royal de Musique) to Biriksel. E nder sahaa makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde jimɗi to Bruxelles o heɓi njeenaari adanndi ngam solfeggio (1942) e "mention ngam yahdude e piyanɗe". Caggal nde o timmini jaŋde makko, o woni e winndude tawa o jannginaaka no feewi. Duuɓi nay caggal ɗuum, o ƴetti darnde jannginde to Akademi Musik to Anderlecht, o jannginii kadi ko professeur solfeggio to Akademi Musik Anderlecht tuggi 1946 haa 1977. Golle makko ina mbaɗi heen pecce ngam orkestra, suudu, piyanɗe e daande. Style makko ina siforee atonal. O resi jimoowo biyeteeɗo Georges Colin (1921-2002), ɓe ndañi ɓiɓɓe worɓe ɗiɗo e ɓiɓɓe rewɓe ɗiɗo. E nder nguurndam makko composition o gollodiima kadi e jom suudu makko e pecce.<ref name=":0">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IvoQQU1QL_QC&dq=Jeanne+Colin-De+Clerck+(b.+1924)&pg=PA127|title=The Norton/Grove dictionary of women composers|first1=Julie Anne|last1=Sadie|first2=Rhian|last2=Samuel|year=1994|isbn=9780393034875|access-date=4 October 2010}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite book|title=The new Grove dictionary of music and musicians: Volume 2|first1=Stanley|last1=Sadie|first2=John|last2=Tyrrell|year=2001}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{cite book|last1=Dees|first1=Pamela|title=A guide to piano music by women composers|url=https://archive.org/details/guidetopianomusi0000dees|date=2004|publisher=Greenwood Press|isbn=978-0313319907}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite book|title=International who's who in music and musicians' directory|url=https://archive.org/details/internationalwho00cumm|url-access=registration|author=Cummings, David M.|year=1990|isbn=9780948875205}}</ref> == Golle == Colin-De Clerck ina waɗa jimɗi daande, suudu e jimɗi elektoronik. Golle cuɓaaɗe ina heen: == 9, ngam orkestra (1968) == == Nayi (1968) == Kapriis, violon e piyano (1970) Feere op.13, ngam orkestra (1970) Konserto ngam fulfulde e orkestra (1972) Konserto ngam violon e orkestra (1974) == Fijo e piyano (1975) == == Faandaare ngam saksofon (1977) == == Saksofon nayi Op. 28 (hitaande 1977) == Konser tokooso à 7 Op. 31 ngam piyanɗe e 6 ngam fiyde == Ɗiɗi e ɗiɗo e tati (CeBeDeM) 10p. == "Ko jamaanu, idiomatic. Lento, e waylooji tempo keewɗi; dental, tonngooɗe puɗɗitooje, binndi ceertuɗi, mbaydiiji, dinamiik, e motives. Adv." == (CeBeDeM 1979) 16p. == "Ko jamaanu, idiomatic. Lento, e waylooji tempo keewɗi; dental, tonngooɗe puɗɗitooje, binndi ceertuɗi, mbaydiiji, dinamiik, e motives. Adv." == Koolol gadanol ngol (CeBeDeM 1991) == "Ritmeeji potɗi, waylooji tempo; binndol 12-tone, 2-vc ctpt e sahaa e sahaa fof akordeeji ɗiɗi; won heen ko nanndi, binndol daarorgal. Early Adv." == Ritmeeji Op. 34/1-2 (CeBeDeM 1985) == "6/8, jimɗi fijooji, tritoneeji, nannditgol, 8vas ɗiɗo, mbaydiiji taƴe. Giocoso (4',9p): scherzo e 2/4, LH staccato 7ɓo akorde, 8vas, fijooji 16ɓiire doggi; limooje sinkopaaɗe e nder Adv. Fuɗɗoode." Pecce ceertuɗe (inɗe mum en anndaaka) ngam jimɗi suudu ina heen solo fulfulde, solo violon, strings, e koor jillondirɗo. Piye binndaaɗe e ballondiral e Georges Colin : == Piyanɗe ɗiɗi (1975) == Pecce juutɗe ngam Harpeeji (1976) == Fulɓe nay (1976) == Piye ɗiɗi ngam Flute & Harp (1979) Ji soprano gooto, jimol jillondirngol e orkestra (1986 == Tuugnorgal == j9w70bhas46y57g6uubzwkw1zwf56hz 0 36647 180896 153408 2026-08-04T22:24:38Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180896 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Elizabeth Bloxham''' (8 sulyee 1877 – 23 [[lewru]] Yarkomaa 1962) ko debbo [[Irlannda|Irlande]], jiɗɗo suɓaade, o woniino yuɓɓinoowo ngenndiijo Cumann na mBan e nder ardorde ummital Paska 1916 e dow mum rewrude e wolde ndimaagu [[Irlannda|Irlande]]. == Nguurndam e golle == Bloxham, ganndiraaɗo Bessie e sehilaaɓe mum, jibinaa ko to Claremorris, e nder diiwaan Mayo, ɓiy John Bloxham e Bridget McGreal. Baaba makko ko ofisee polis laamɗo Irlande, o mawni ko e galle Protestan en to Westport, to diiwaan Mayo. O heɓi seedantaagal wonde jannginoowo faggudu nder leydi, o fuɗɗii golloraade ko to fuɗnaange leydi [[Irlannda|Irlande]]. Sehil Mary Maguire, Bloxham woniino jom suudu makko nde o resi yimoowo biyeteeɗo Padraic Colum e hitaande 1912.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/details-civil/e0e2c35910701|title=General Registrar's Office|last=|first=|date=|website=IrishGenealogy.ie|accessdate=23 January 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/pages/1901/Mayo/Westport_Urban/Westport_Demesne/1608146/|title=Census return for Bloxham}}</ref><ref name="Military History">{{cite web|url=http://www.bureauofmilitaryhistory.ie/reels/bmh/BMH.WS0632.pdf|title=Bureau of Military History}}</ref><ref name="Pašeta|p30">{{cite book|title=Irish Nationalist Women, 1900-1918|year=2016|url=https://archive.org/details/irishnationalist0000seni|author=Senia Pašeta|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Marriage documents|url=https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/images/marriage_returns/marriages_1912/09922/5606965.pdf|website=civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie}}</ref> == Nguurndam politik == E nder duuɓi makko cakkitiiɗi ɗii o fuɗɗii janngude, caggal ɗuum o wallitorii fedde Arthur Griffith wiyeteende United Irishman caggal nde o winndi e Sinn Féin. O meeɗi siynude darnde makko ko ‘Eilís’ (Irlande ngam Elizabeth) walla ‘E.B.’<ref>{{cite book|last1=McGarry|first1=Fearghal|title=Rebels: Voices from the Easter Rising|date=1 September 2011|publisher=Penguin UK|isbn=978-0-14-196930-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bN6iekOheLAC&dq=Elizabeth+Bloxham&pg=PT39|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Military History2" /><ref name="Pašeta|p302" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.decadeofcentenaries.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Mary-McAuliffe-Cumann-na-mBan-Glasnevin-speech-.pdf|title=Centenary Speech}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Ferriter|first1=Diarmaid|title=The Transformation Of Ireland 1900-2000|date=9 July 2010|publisher=Profile Books|isbn=978-1-84765-081-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lXa7m8wG84MC&dq=Elizabeth+Bloxham&pg=PA104|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=McGarry|first1=Fearghal|title=The Rising: Ireland, Easter 1916|date=2016|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-873234-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3yDuCgAAQBAJ&dq=Elizabeth+Bloxham&pg=PA35|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Front Matter|journal=The Irish Review (Dublin)|date=1911|volume=1|issue=6|jstor=30062720|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/30062720|issn=2009-0978}}</ref> Bloxham ina anndiranoo no feewi to Irlannda, ko o baawɗo suɓaade. O woniino balloowo fedde rewɓe Irlande. O wonnoo ko tergal Ligue Gaelic. Bloxham ina jeyaa e terɗe sosɗe fedde rewɓe paramilitaire Cumann na mBan e lewru abriil 1914. O suɓaama ngam wonde yuɓɓinoowo ngenndi.Ko o jannginoowo o woppitaa e nder balɗe makko teskinɗe, o waɗi ɗum en e yah-ngartaa e nder leydi Irlande ngam sosde caɗeele nokkuuje. Suɓagol makko e ngalɗoo darnde ko sabu makko wonde haaloowo e nder batuuji binndol e suffragette. O woniino e golle to Newtownards e sahaa nde Easter Rising e hoore mum, omo waawi heɓde tan ko ciimtol kewuuji. Jaabawol miñi am ko "Mbele o alaa hakke e miijooji makko no min njogii nii". Ko ɗuum wonnoo jikku galle oo fof. Caggal ummital o jokki e gollodaade e Cumann na mBan, o woni siynoowo ɓataake feewde e hooreejo leydi e suudu sarɗiiji leyɗeele dentuɗe [[Amerik]] ngam ɗaɓɓude anndinde leydi Irlande. O heddaaki e Newtownards, o golliima e Wexford ko jannginoowo ko ɓuri heewde e nguurndam makko, o jokki e haalde ko fayti e rewɓe e ngenndiyaŋkaagal. O woppi golle e nder Goomu Ngenndi sabu ‘o jaɓaani fiyde polis’, e wiyde Eileen McCarville, haala Biro Daartol Konu. Miñiiko, biyeteeɗo sarwiis RIC, hono Henry J. Bloxham, waraa ko e hitaande 1921 e nder hare sara Waterfall, to diiwaan Cork. == Njawdi == Haalaaji Bloxham, ciimtol e binndanɗe ko faati e yonta oo ina ndokka heen miijo e miijooji yimɓe wonɓe e oon sahaa, Protestan en e Katolik en, Fuɗnaange e Fuɗnaange. O woppi janngingol e hitaande 1944. Nde o woppi golle o ummii o fayi Dublin, omo hoɗi toon nde o winnditii e tawtoreede dille ngenndiyankooje. O maayi ko e [[lewru]] Yarkomaa 1962, o wirnaa ko e nder Egliis St Andrews Malahide. == Tuugnorgal == nhfuywwhcwlohs82gu63i3s6h6pbtpt 0 36672 180902 153481 2026-08-04T22:32:31Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180902 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Jennifer Joan Fowler''' (jibinaa ko 14 abriil 1939) ko jimoowo Angalteer, jibinaaɗo to Ostarali. O jibinaa ko to wuro wiyeteengo Bunbury, to leydi Ostarali, o heɓi bakkaa makko e ganndal jimɗi e duɗal ganndal jimɗi, to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ostarali hirnaange e hitaande 1960 e hitaande 1967. E nder dumunna mo o woni e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ostarali hirnaange, o dañii njeenaaje keewɗe e composition, o heɓi kadi njeenaaje Convocation Awards to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde sabu golle makko maantiniiɗe. Nde o woni almuudo, pije makko mbaɗaama e Festival Perth, ABC yaltini ɗum. O waɗii hitaande e golle to Electronic Music Studios to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Utrecht e hitaande 1968. E hitaande 1969 o hoɗi to Londres, o gollotoo ko e jimol ngol o woni e mum ngol. Fowler resii biyeteeɗo Bruce Paterson, ganndo ordinateer, o dañi ɓiɓɓe ɗiɗo worɓe.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IvoQQU1QL_QC&q=Jennifer+Fowler+(born+1939)&pg=PA173|title=The Norton/Grove dictionary of women composers|first1=Julie Anne|last1=Sadie|first2=Rhian|last2=Samuel|year=1994|publisher=W. W. Norton & Company|isbn=9780393034875|access-date=10 December 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w7DCEiDLnrIC&q=Jennifer+Fowler+%28born+1939%29&pg=PA17|title=Contemporary anthology of music by women|author=Briscoe, James R.|year=1997|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=0253211026|access-date=10 December 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Contemporary Composers|url=https://archive.org/details/contemporarycomp0000unse_o1y6|publisher=St. James Press|year=1992}}</ref> == Teddungal e njeenaaje == 1970 Njeenaari ummoraade e Akademi Naalankaagal to Berlin 1971 O heɓi njeenaari Radcliffe to Angalteer 1975 Njeenaari 1ɓiire e kawgel hakkunde leyɗeele wonande rewɓe jimɗiyaŋkooɓe to Mannheim, Almaañ 2001 Ñaamde e Ñaamde heɓi njeenaari mawndi e njeenaari Paul Lowin Song Cycle 2003 njeenaari Miriam Gideon ummoraade e Fedde Adunaare Rewɓe e Miijo 2006 Njeenaari ɗiɗmiri e nder kawgel ciftorgol Christopher Bodman, to leydi Angalteer Njeenaari ciftorgol Sylvia Glickman hakkunde leyɗeele 2009 2009 Jaaliiɗo e kawgel gadanel hakkunde leyɗeele biyeteeɗo Marin Goleminov e ɗemngal Bulgari == Golle == Golle cuɓaaɗe ina heen : Woyre ngam Dunblane, ngam korse == Magnifikat, ngam koorɗo == Nunndi Dimittis, ngam koorɗo == Fufde Flute == Hakkunde Yahdu, duo ngam violon e marimba Pecce ngam suudu Opera, ngam duo piano Basket ngam piyanɗe solo Streaming Up ngam 4 fagot e piyanɗe Echoes ummoraade e leydi ɓooyndi Jimol laaɓngol ngam Ɓoggi ngam orkestra ɓoggi Golle makko mbinndaama, njaltinaama e CD, ina heen : == Ko ƴoogirde (1992), Vox == Koyɗol Sydney, ABC ko ɓooyɗo Laabi njirlotooɗi (2019), MSV28588 == Tuugnorgal == rva3907wt42up44a6scwu8b5vp9o9sj 0 36708 180912 153595 2026-08-04T22:41:51Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180912 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Yüksel Koptagel''' (jibinaa ko 27 oktoobar 1931) ko jimol Turki, jimoowo piyanɗe. O jibinaa ko to wuro wiyeteengo Istanbul, to leydi Turki, ko taaniiko Seneraal Osmaan Nuri Koptagel, gardinooɗo wolde ndimaagu leydi Turki. Mawniiko gorko biyeteeɗo Abdul Karim Khan Tareen, cafroowo, ummiima Multan, to leydi Inndo Angalteer (Pakistaan ​​hannde) o hoɗi to Istanbul, o ƴetti innde Abdul Karim Bey. Baaba makko Baha Koptagel ko dentist, yumma makko Hikmet Koptagel ko jannginoowo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/koptagel-yuksel-1931|title=Koptagel, Yuksel (1931—)|website=Encyclopedia.com|date=1931-10-27|access-date=2017-07-27}}</ref> Yüksel mawni ko e nokkuuji jimɗi e nder galle mum. O fuɗɗii fiyde piyanɗe ko e Rana Erksan nde o yahrata e duuɓi joy. Tuggi 1948 haa 1955 o janngi piyanɗe, harmonie, konte e fuga e les njiimaandi jimoowo e gardotooɗo Cemal Reşit Rey. Koptagel waɗii konnguɗi e Orkestra Munisipaal Istanbul hakkunde duuɓi 1951 haa 1954. E hitaande 1955 o yahi Espaañ e ballal laamu Espaañ. O janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde laamɗo Madrid to José Kubiles, Joaquin Rodrigo. E hitaande 1957 o jaɓaa to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Pari ɗo o gollodii e Tony Aubin, Alexandre Tansman, e Lazare Levy. E noddaango ministeer pinal to Espaañ, o tawtoraama kursuuji keewɗi to wuro wiyeteengo Santiago de Compostela, o gollodii e Alicia de Larrocha.<ref>{{cite book|title=Guitar music by women composers: an annotated catalog|url=https://archive.org/details/guitarmusicbywom0000maca|first=Janna|last=MacAuslan|first2=Kristan|last2=Aspen|year=1997}}</ref> Caggal nde o timmini jaŋde makko, Koptagel ƴetti golle e nder Orkestra Simfoni Dowla Istanbul, o golliima e piyanist e jimoowo. Ko kanko hiisetee wonde ko kanko woni joom golle gitaar classique gadane peewnaaɗe to leydi Turki. Koptagel ina joginoo batte e jimɗi e motifuuji Turki e nder golle mum gadane (yeru Tamzara e Toccata). E nder won e jimɗi sukaaɓe goɗɗi, o heɓi kadi jimol Espaañ (yeru Minorca Sonata e Epitafo). E nder haala hee, jimɗi makko ko e mbaadi polifoniiji hirnaange e nder ngonka modal.[citation needed] == Golle cuɓaaɗe == Nde min ceerti (André Viaud caggal George Gordon Noel Byron, Lord Byron) == Pastoral ngam piyanɗe == Impression de Minorque ngam piyanɗe Epitafiyo ko heewi e lewru abriil ngam piyanɗe == Tokata ngam piyanɗe == Suite Fossil (Suite im Alterne Stil) ngam piyanɗe walla gitaar Tamzara (Turki) ngam piyanɗe walla gitaar == Tuugnorgal == 6jfpsm50z30i261e5cjq0rcwepwh107 0 36723 181063 153734 2026-08-05T01:43:25Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181063 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Maud Gonne MacBride''' ([[Irlannda|Irlande]]: Maud Nic Ghoinn Bean Mhic Giolla Bhríghde ; jibinaa ko Edith Maud Gonne ; 21 desaambar 1866 – 27 abriil 1953) ko neɗɗo irlanndaajo, jibinaaɗo e nder leydi ndi, ko o baawɗo suɓaade, ko o fijoowo. O woniino, e luural e ko o wiyi e iwdi Angalteer-[[Irlannda|Irlande]], Engeleejo banngeeji jibnaaɓe ɗiɗo ɓee fof, o dañii ngenndiyaŋkaagal Irlande e caɗeele yimɓe riiwaaɓe e hareeji leydi. MacBride ina tiiɗnoo e ƴaañde Home Rule, caggal ɗuum ngam republique bayyinaande e hitaande 1916.<ref>{{cite book|last=Ward|first=Margaret|title=Unmanageable Revolutionaries: Women and Irish Nationalism|year=1983|publisher=Pluto Press|isbn=086104708X}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Stuart|first=Francis|title=Black List, Section H|url=https://archive.org/details/blacklistsection0000stua|date=1971|publisher=Southern Illinois University Press|location=Carbondale, IL|isbn=978-0809305278|page=[https://archive.org/details/blacklistsection0000stua/page/34 34]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Jordan|first=Anthony J.|title=The Yeats-Gonne-MacBride Triangle|url=https://archive.org/details/yeatsgonnemacbri0000jord|year=2000|publisher=Westport Books|pages=[https://archive.org/details/yeatsgonnemacbri0000jord/page/86 86]–104}}</ref> E nder kitaale 1930, nde o woni tergal sosngal lannda ''Social Credit'', o ƴetti porogaraam renndinde C. H. Douglas. Gonne ina anndaa no feewi wonde muse e nafoore giɗli juutnde yimoowo Irlande biyeteeɗo W. B. Yeats. == Nguurndam arano == Gonne jibinaa ko to Angalteer to Tongham sara Aldershot, to Hampshire, e hitaande 1866, ɓiɗɗo debbo mawɗo Kapiteen Thomas Gonne mo Lancers 17 e Edith Frith Gonne (jibinaa ko ''Cook''), kamɓe ɗiɗo fof ɓe ummorii ko e galleeji Engelenaaɓe tabitɗi. Ko ɗum fof e wayde noon, o yiɗiino wiyde ko o leñol Irlande, o winndi e nder deftere makko A Servant of the Queen wonde o "ɓiɗɗo baaba Irlande e yumma Engele" o wiyi wonde ɓesngu makko ummorii ko e diiwaan Mayo hade makko rokkeede, o wayli e njulaagu diine. Alaa hujjaaji kollitooji haala kaa kadi winndooɓe nguurndam makko ina kollita wonde iwdi makko ko Engelenaaɓe e nder yontaaji keewɗi. E hitaande 1868, e nder jiiɓru mawndu to Irlannda caggal ummital Feniyankeewal e hitaande 1867, Kapiteen Thomas Gonne toɗɗaa yo won brigade mawɗo e nder konu pucci to Irlannda, o jooɗii to nokku biyeteeɗo Curragh Camp to diiwaan Kildare. Oon hitaande, miñi mum debbo biyeteeɗo Kathleen jibinaa, ɓesngu nguu hoɗi ko to ''Airfield'' sara Donnybrook, to Dublin, ɗo Maud seerti e Ida Jameson mo ɓesngu diisnondiral. Edith Gonne, mo ñawu nguu heɓi, jibini to Londres ɓiɗɗo debbo goɗɗo, biyeteeɗo Margaretta e hitaande 1871 ; yumma e ɓiɗɗo fof maayi ko juuti. Tuberkuloos ina jokki e heɓtaade Maud e Kathleen e nder nguurndam mum en fof. Ɓesngu nguu ummiima hakkunde Curragh e Howth ngam cellal, Howth wonti nokku keewɗo nafoore neɗɗo duumotooɗo e Gonne. Caggal maayde Edith, Maud e Kathleen nguurdi ko e banndiraaɓe mum en to Londres hade mum en jokkondirde e mawniiko gorko biyeteeɗo Francis Cook, 1st Viscount mo Monserrate, to Doughty House, to Richmond, ɗo o joginoo defte ñeeñal keewɗe, teeŋtuɗe (o wonnoo ko alɗuɗo no feewi e njulaagu koltu e mbaylaandi galle oo). E hitaande 1876, Major Gonne wonti attaché militaire to suudu sarɗiiji Otiris, o nawti ɓesngu nguu to fuɗnaange Farayse, ɗo Maud mawni e ɗemngal Farayse. Caggal nde o arti e leydi Inndo, Thomas yahdi e Maud e nder Orop haa hitaande 1882, nde o arti Dublin, o woni balloowo adjutant-general. Maud siftorii caggal mum tawtoreede kewuuji jamaanu to Dublin Castle, ina jeyaa heen seedaade naatgol laamu keso oo e lietnaa-joom mum ñalnde 6 mee 1882, ñalawma warngooji Phoenix Park, e tawtoreede sahaa Castle e hitaande 1886, tawi ko bal jamma St Patrick mo Prince Wales tawtoraama. == Fuɗɗoode golle == === Dublin, Londres e Pari === E hitaande 1882, baaba makko neldaa Dublin. O yahdi e makko, o woni e makko haa o maayi e hitaande 1886. E hitaande 1889, o adii hawrude e W. B. Yeats, o yiɗi mo. Gonne ina yiɗi adunaaji occultist e spiritualism ɗi Yeats ina jogii nafoore mawnde, ina naamnoo sehilaaɓe mum ko fayti e goonga jibinannde. E hitaande 1891 o naati e fedde Hermetic Ordre of the Golden Dawn, fedde nde Yeats wondunoo e mum ko juuti. Gonne e nder natal foto, ko ina wona kitaale 1890 E hitaande 1890, to [[Farayse]] o hawri kadi e Millevoye. Ɓe ndañi ɓiɗɗo gorko biyeteeɗo Georges, kono cukalel ngel maayi ko e nder hitaande ndee, ina gasa tawa ko ñawu meninjaasi. Gonne diwti, o wirnaa mo e nder suudu mawndu siftorde. (Mecce makko ina keddii e makko; e nder wasiyya makko o naamndii yo paɗe Georges ɓiɗɗo oo mberle e makko). Caggal nde cukalel ngel sankii, o seerti e Millevoye, kono e darorɗe hitaande 1893, o yuɓɓini kawral ngam hawrude e makko to mausoleum to Samois-sur-Seine, sara sarkofaas cukalel maɓɓe, ɓe mbaɗdi jokkondire. Faandaare makko ko jibinde ɓiɗɗo gorko mo baaba mum gooto, mo ruuhu Georges jibini e mum e nder metempsychosis. Ɓiɗɗo Gonne debbo biyeteeɗo Iseult Gonne jibinaa ko e lewru ut 1894. === Inginidhe ko e leydi mum === E nder kitaale 1890, Gonne yahri no feewi e nder Angalteer, Galles, [[Ecoppi]] e [[Amerik]] ngam haɓaade ngenndiyaŋkaagal, o sosi fedde wiyeteende "Ligue Irlandaise" (L'association irlandaise) e hitaande 1896. E hitaande 1900, Gonne wallitii sosde Inghinidhe na hÉireann (Ɓiɓɓe rewɓe Irlannda). Rewɓe 29 tawtoraama joɗnde adannde ndee. Ɓe pelliti "haɓde e kala fannu semmbe Engele waɗde ko ina bonna no feewi e wellitaare naalankaagal e laaɓtugol leñol [[Irlannda|Irlande]]". === Sinn Fein === E nder deftere makko Gonne winndi "Miɗo yiɗi hare gila ko ɓooyi, kadi ko mi pacifist e sifaa e filosofi, kono ko Engele en ngoni doole hare e dow men, kadi ko adii fof ko hare ko warde gaño". Yuɓɓo ɗiɗmo, hono Diiso ngenndiijo, sosaa ko e hitaande 1903, tawi ko Gonne e woɗɓe, ina heen Arthur Griffith, e njillu laamɗo Edward VII to Dublin. Faandaare mayre ko lobbude Dublin ''Corporation'' ngam haɗde rokkude laamɗo oo konngol. ''Motion'' ngam hollugo konngol ngol foolaama no haanirta nii, kono Diiso Ngenndiijo ngo heddii ko e woodde ko fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e ɓeydude wakilaagu ngenndiyaŋkooɓe e nder diwanuuji nokkuuji ɗii. Koolol gadanol hitaande kala e Diiso ngenndiijo ñalnde 28 noowammbar 1905, teskaama e geɗe ɗiɗi : kuulal ngal, e woote ɓurɗe heewde (e Griffith salii), udditaade caɗeele e yuɓɓinde e dow tuugnorgal ngenndiwal ; e hollirde Griffith politik mum ‘Hongiri’, mo nganndu-ɗaa hannde ina wiyee politik Sinn Féin. Ndeeɗoo batu ina heewi ƴetteede ko ñalngu sosngo lannda Sinn Féin. == Waɗde == E hitaande 1897, kanko e Yeats e Griffith, o yuɓɓini seppooji ngam salaade ñalngu mawningol laamɗo debbo biyeteeɗo Victoria. E lewru abriil 1902, o ƴetti darnde mawnde e nder pijirlooji Yeats biyeteeɗi Cathleen Ní Houlihan. O holliti Cathleen, « debbo mawɗo Irlande », ina woya sabu diiwanuuji mum nay ɗi « majjii » e juuɗe Angalteer. O woni ko e waɗde ko heewi e sahaa makko to [[Pari]]. E hitaande ndee tan, o naati e Egliis Katolik Roma. O salii eɓɓooje dewgal keewɗe ummoraade e Yeats, wonaa tan sabu o yiɗaa naatde e diine katolik, e nde o yi’ata mo no feewi e nder ngenndiyaŋkaagal makko, kono kadi sabu o sikki ko yiɗde makko nde o heɓaani, nde wonnoo ko ballal wonande yimre makko, kadi aduna o ina foti yettude mo sabu o meeɗaa jaɓde eɓɓooje makko. Nde Yeats wiyi mo o weltaaki so o alaa mo, o jaabii, . Oh eey, ko aan, sabu aɗa waɗa jimɗi belɗi e ko mbiyataa weltaare maa, aɗa weltoo e ɗuum. Dewgal wonata ko huunde dullunde nii. Yimɓe fotaani resde. Aduna ina foti yettude mi sabu mi resndaani ma. == Dewgal e John MakBriid == MacBride, fotooje mum ko hitaande 1901 E nder ndunngu 1900, Maud Gonne hawri e John MacBride to Gare de Lyon to Pari, ɗo o ummii Transvaal ngam fuɗɗaade eggol makko caggal nde o haɓi e Biraam Transvaal Irlande e Angalteer. Kamɓe ɗiɗo fof ɓe ngoni ko e golloraade e nder dingiral ngenndiyaŋkooɓe Irlande e nder laamorgo leydi [[Farayse|Farayse,]] tee alkule maɓɓe politik ɗe ɓe ndenndi ɗee, ɓooyaani ko ɓe ɓadtini ɓe. Ɓe njillondiri e leyɗeele dentuɗe [[Amerik]] e hitaande 1901 e kadi e hitaande 1902, ɓe kaaldi e batuuji ngenndiyankooɓe e ƴellitde ballal ngam haɓaade caɗeele [[Irlannda|Irlande]]. To [[Pari]] e lewru feebariyee 1903, caggal nde o salii ko famɗi fof eɓɓaaɗe dewgal nay ummoraade e W. B. Yeats hakkunde 1891 e 1901, Maud Gonne resi Major John MacBride, gardinooɗo Biraam Transvaal [[Irlannda|Irlande]] haɓde e Angalteer e wolde Boer ɗiɗmere. Yeats ñaagii mo nde o rewata e dewgal ngal, hono no Arthur Griffith, ɓadiiɗo ɓe ɗiɗo fof, kono Gonne ronkaani. Hay so tawii ɓesngu makko e MacBrides ina luulndii mo, o naati diine katolik ñalnde 17 feebariyee, o resi MacBride balɗe nay caggal ɗuum to Pari. Ko famɗi fof ɗoon e ɗoon, o fuɗɗii sikkude o waɗii majjere; Binndanɗe MacBride caggal ɗuum ina kollita wonde o tawii jeytaare makko bohemiyankoore ndee ina yahdi e ko o ɗaminii e debbo, kadi omo yaakorii maa o woppu geɗe teeŋtuɗe e nguurndam makko ɓennuɗam. Ɓeydagol woɗɗude hakkunde maɓɓe ɓooyaani ko feeñi e njilluuji Gonne juutɗi to Irlande, ɗo MacBride, haa jooni e hulɓinaade nanngeede sabu darnde mum e wolde Boer, waawaano rewde e kisal. Hitaande rewtunde ndee, ɓiɗɗo maɓɓe gooto, hono Seán MacBride, jibinaa. Dewgal ngal yaawi bonnude. E darorɗe hitaande 1904 Gonne e MacBride ina nguurdi heen, ñalnde 28 feebariyee 1905 o fuɗɗii ñaawoore to [[Pari]] ngam ɗaɓɓude ceergal e jogaade ɓiɗɗo maɓɓe timmuɗo. Ñaawirde [[Farayse]] jaɓaani ceergal. Tuumeede tan ko MacBride tuumaama ko huunde wootere e yarlitaare. O hokkaama hakkeeji njillu laabi ɗiɗi nder yontere, tawi gardagol Seán hokkaama Gonne. Caggal ñaawoore ndee, Gonne tuumi MacBride ko fenaande e nder galle mum, caggal ɗuum Yeats wiyi wonde MacBride ina fijira Iseult, ɓiy Gonne debbo e jokkondiral ɓennungal. Yeats ruttitii e haala kaa e nder binndanɗe keertiiɗe, kadi ko heewi e winndooɓe nguurndam makko kaaldi heen. Ñaawoore ndee meeɗaa seedtineede e ñaawirde, tee haaldaaka e binndanɗe Iseult, tee daartiyankooɓe ina njeewtida e koolkisagol maggol. Won annduɓe ina mbiya wonde Yeats ina waawi ɓeydude walla feewnude daartol ngol, ɗum addani mo yiɗde MacBride caggal nde Gonne suɓii resde ɗum. Woɗɓe ina teskii wonde Francis Stuart, jom suudu Iseult caggal mum, wiyi o wiyi mo ko haalaa koo ko goonga. Kanko Gonne, o umminii haala kaa e nder suudu mum e miñiiko MacBride biyeteeɗo Anthony, kono ɗum yaltinaama e binndanɗe makko ñaawirdu ; ɓesngu MacBride caggal ɗuum naatni ɗum e ñaawirdu ngam faddaade innde John. Ñaawoore ndee yaajnaama no feewi, sibu MacBride waɗi caggal ɗuum ko fenaande, ko ɗum addani ''Irish Independent'' waɗde fenaande ndee e gite yimɓe. Luural ngal bonnii no feewi darnde Gonne e nder dingiral ngenndiyankeewal, ɗo o wonnoo ko adii ɗuum ko neɗɗo mawɗo, o acci mo no feewi e politik yahruɗo yeeso haa hitaande 1916. Caggal nde ɓe ceerti, MacBride arti Irlande, o jokkondiri seeɗa e ɓiyiiko, mo Gonne mawni to [[Pari]]. Caggal ɗuum o naati e Sinn Féin e fedde wiyeteende Irlande. MacBride nanngaama ngam tawtoreede fitinaaji Paska, o nanngaa e ñaawirdu konu, o waraa e polis to Kilmainham Gaol ñalnde 5 lewru Mbooy hitaande 1916, e wondude e James Connolly e ardiiɓe fitinaaji goɗɗi. Jaabawol Gonne e maayde makko ko ambivalent kono ko renndo. Hay so dewgal maɓɓe joofiima no feewi, o ñaagii mo, o teddini mo sadak makko, caggal ɗuum o feeñi e sunaare jamaanu. E nder binndanɗe makko e Yeats o siftinii warngo makko ko golle njuumri. Maayde MacBride kadi addani mo hoɗde haa abada e nder leydi Irlande tawa o hulaani ɗaɓɓaande sariya ngam reende ɓiyiiko. E hitaande 1916, Yeats, mo duuɓi mum capanɗe joyi, adii ɗaɓɓude Maud Gonne, o salii, caggal ɗuum o ɗaɓɓi Iseult, mo duuɓi 23, mo jaɓaani kadi. O anndi mo gila omo yahra e duuɓi nay, omo heewi wiyde mo ko ɓiɗɗo makko giɗo, omo ƴetta nafoore baaba makko e binndi makko (Dublinaaɓe heewɓe ina cikkatnoo ko Yeats woni baaba makko).[26] Iseult miijii eɓɓaande ndee, kono haa jooni o saliima, sabu o yiɗaa ɗum tigi rigi, ɗum ina mettina yumma mum no feewi. Maud Gonne (to nyaamo) e yimɓe fedde wallitnde to Dublin e lewru sulyee 1922 == Koolaaɗo kuuɓal republique Irlande == Anndiraaɗo "Irish Joan of Arc", Gonne wonti anndiraaɗo e miijooji mum republique [[Irlannda|Irlande]] e geɗe renndo keewɗe hannde e nder [[Irlannda|Irlande]]. E jamaanu fin de siècle, o walli remooɓe rentooɓe katolik en [[Irlannda|Irlande]] e nder hareeji maɓɓe ngam haɓaade ''Ascendancy'' Protestan en e Konstabulaar laamɗo Irlande (RIC) e nder wolde leydi. Gonne ardii batuuji keewɗi pelle winndereeje ngam mahde yurmeende e caɗeele makko e nder renndo [[Amerik]], Angalteer e [[Farayse]]. E nder wolde Boer ɗiɗmere, Gonne, e fedde tokosere republique en, mballitii republique Boer en e rokkude konnguɗi e bayyinde binndanɗe jaayndeeji ngam haɓaade Irlandenaaɓe naatde e wolde nde. Gonne anndaama ngam haalaaji maako nder haalaaji maako siyaasaaku nden ɓe ɗon mari teddineego ngam ɓe ɗon ngurtina sosngo hukuumaaji lesdi [[Irlannda|Irlande]] kesi. E lewru abriil 1900, Gonne winndi winndannde tiitoonde mum ko "Laamɗo debbo heege" ngam jaaynde ''United Irishman'' e dow njillu ngu laamɗo debbo biyeteeɗo Victoria fotnoo waɗde to [[Irlannda|Irlande.]] Jaaynde ndee ko RIC suppiti kono winndannde ndee yaltinaama e jaayɗe [[Amerik]]. Gonne heddii ina tiiɗi no feewi to Pari. E hitaande 1913, o sosi jaaynde wiyeteende [[Farayse]] wiyeteende L’Irlande libre. O yiɗiino Cumann na mBan ƴeewteede no feewi : miijo makko ko heɓde jokkondiral e Croix-Rouge Angalteer, o winndi Geneve ngam heɓde mbaydi winndereyankoori wonande fedde ngenndiyaŋkoore hesere ndee. E hitaande 1918, o nanngaa to Dublin, o nawaa Angalteer, o sokaa to kasoo Holloway fotde lebbi jeegom. O gollodiima e fedde wiyeteende Irish White ''Cross'' ngam wallitde yimɓe wonɓe e bonanndeeji. Gonne yahri ko e cirkooji toowɗi. Debbo Lord French, Mrs Charlotte Despard ko suɓngooji lolluɗi, ko Sinn Feiner wonnoo tawo nde o ari Dublin e hitaande 1920. O yahdi e Gonne e njillu to diiwaan Cork, jooɗorde golle rewolison ɓurɗe tiiɗde. Cork wonnoo ko e les njiimaandi Martial Law Area (MLA) haɗaaɗo Irlandenaaɓe e rewɓe wonɓe e yaasi zone kono miñi mum debbo Viceroy ina joginoo pass. 1922. E nder hareeji laabi o ardii delegaasiyoŋ biyeteeɗo Goomu Jam Rewɓe ɓadtiiɗo ardorde Dáil e sehil makko ɓooyɗo Arthur Griffith. Kono ɓe mbaawaano dartinde warngooji siwil en ɗi ngalaa ɗo kaaɗi, ɓe ɓuri yiɗde ko sariya e deeƴre. E lewru ut o sosi fedde nanndunde e ndee, wiyeteende Ligue de Défense des Femmes des Prisonniers. Kasooji ɗii ko bonɗi, rewɓe heewɓe ina ngoppitaa e kasooji worɓe. Ligue ina wallita ɓesnguuji yiɗɓe kabaruuji nanngaaɓe. Ɓe ngollii ngam hakkeeji kasoo, ɓe puɗɗii vigils e ɓe njaltini daartol maayɓe mettuɓe. E nder sehilaagal makko e Despard e luulndaade laamu ɓe mbiyaama "''Mad'' e ''Madame Desperate''". Daartooɓe ina ciftina no feewi bonneede galle makko to 75 St Stephen's Green, nde soldateeɓe ummoriiɓe e konu leydi ndii njani e nokku o. Gonne nanngaa, nawaa to kasoo Mountjoy. Ñalnde 9 noowammbar 1922, Biro Sinn Féin yani e mbedda Suffolk ; Dowlaaji Dentuɗi (''Free'' ''State'') ɓuuɓtii laamorgo ngoo, ronki luulndo ngo waɗti ɓe kasoo ngam udditde ɓe. Seedeeji ɗii ummorii ko e Margaret Buckley, mo woni kala ko sekreteruuji Sinn Féin, woni gardiiɗo sariya wonande rewɓe ɓee kono alaa ko woni heen so wonaa hakkille e luulndaare maɓɓe e dow majjere jojjanɗe aadee. Ñalnde 10 saawiyee 1923, Gonne jagga. Ñaawooje ɗee ko : 1) pentugol banngeeji ngam seppooji njiyaagu ; 2) peewnugol binndanɗe luulndiiɗe laamu. E wiyde jaaynde gollodiiɗo makko Hannah Moynihan : Hanki jamma [10 lewru abriil] waktu 23ɓo kikiiɗe, min nanii jiiɓru ndu heewi yahdude e gargol kasooji kesi... min pestii wardiijo oo, o wiyi min ko nayi – Maud Gonne MacBride, ɓiyiiko debbo Mrs Iseult Stuart e fitirlaaji ɗiɗi ɓurɗi famɗude... Subaka law Maud ina yahra e cellal amen leash lappol tokosol ngol jaabtii innde nde nanndi e Wuzzo – Wuzzo. O woppitaa ñalnde 28 abriil, caggal balɗe capanɗe ɗiɗi e kasoo. Lebbi seeɗa caggal ɗuum rewɓe ɓee njaltini haala wonde Nell Ryan maayii e nder kasoo ngam heɓde nafoore propagande. Rewɓe ina njokki nanngeede. Ñalnde 1 suwee Gonne ina darinoo e seppo to yaasi kasoo Kilmainham e Dorothy Macardle, binndoowo e golloowo, e Iseult Stuart. Ɓe ngonnoo ko e wallitde Máire Comerford, ƴaañoowo heege. Kadi iwdi ndee daartol ina wayi no ko banndiiko gonnooɗo kasoo biyeteeɗo Hannah Moynihan. == Aktivism goɗɗo == Gonne wonnoo ko gardiiɗo dille katolik en ngam waylude kaalis to [[Irlannda]] e kitaale 1930. Sosaa ko e hitaande 1932 e Fedde Ndimaagu Kaalis, ɓe ngonti Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe [[Irlannda|Irlande]] e darorɗe hitaande 1935 e Gonne MacBride wonnoo tergal mawngal e fedde nde e nder kitaale 1930 fof. Ɓe ndaranii ko moƴƴitinde doosɗe kaalis e faggudu Irlannda e laawol sosde peeje lelnaaɗe e yontaaji hakkunde wolde, tawi ko sosɗo faggudu njulaagu renndo, hono Major C.H. Duglaas. E nder jaaynde Irish jeyaande e hitaande 1936, Gonne ñiŋii Ernest Blythe e dow faggudu ñamaale renndo. Udditgol, o winndi; "Mi janngii e haayre ciimtol ngol Mr. Blythe waɗi e jaayndeeji mum e dow ''Social Credit''. Haala Major Douglas wonde peewnugol ngol ɓurii renndinde ɗum en e batte bonɗe ɗe ŋakkeende golle e heege, teddinde hare e anarkisma ko huunde nde yeewtataa, kadi ina laaɓti e kala e nder luumo desperate, the rescramble e nder leydi marsandiisuuji ñaameteeɗi, tawi miliyoŋaaji yimɓe hatojinɓe e ɗeen marsandiis ina njaɓa heege". E kitaale 1930, o naati e fedde wiyeteende Sehilaaɓe [[Riisii|Riisi]] Sowiyet. O fotti e hooreejo jeytaare leydi [[India|Indiya]], hono Subhas Chandra Bose, nde o yilliima leydi [[Irlannda|Irlande]] e hitaande 1936. == Muuse Yeats == Hayre yanaande Maud Gonne, to yanaande Glasnevin, to wuro Dublin. Mee 2015 Gonne wonnoo ko musiiba wonande Yeats. Heewɓe e jimɗi Yeats ina njiyloo e makko, walla ina ciftora mo, ko wayi ''no "This'', ''This Rude Knocking''". O winndi pijirle Konte Cathleen e Cathleen ni Houlihan ngam makko. Yimɓe seeɗa ina mawnina ŋarɗugol debbo haa no Yeats waɗiri e jimɗi mum lyric ko fayti e Gonne. Gila e deftere makko ɗiɗmere haa e jimɗi makko cakkitiiɗi, o wonti Rose, Helen mo ''Troy'' (e nder ''No Troy'' ɗiɗaɓo), ɓanndu Ledaean (« Leda e Swan » e « Hakkunde sukaaɓe duɗe »), Cathleen Ní Houlihan, Pallas Athene e Deirdre. Hol ko waɗi miɗo aybina mo wonde o hebbinii balɗe am E mette, walla ko o waɗata ko ɓooyi Janngini worɓe majjere laabi ɓurɗi bonde Walla werlii laabi tokoosi e dow mawɗi ɗii. (gila e ‘No Troy ɗiɗaɓo’, 1916) Yimre Yeats winndi e hitaande 1893 « E dow maayde cukalel » ina sikkaa ko e maayde ɓiy Gonne biyeteeɗo Georges, mo Yeats sikki ko Gonne ƴetti. Yimre ndee yaltinaaka e nguurndam Yeats; annduɓe mbiyi o yiɗaa jimɗi ɗii njeyaa e canndolinɗo makko, nde tawnoo ɗi ngonaa gootum. Yeats hollitii Gonne ko famɗi fof laabi nay kono o saliima kala nde Gonne jaɓaani ŋakkeende darnde makko e republique [[Irlannda|Irlande]]. == Miijooji politik e renndo == Gonne ina joginoo miijooji keewɗi e nder nguurndam mum. E nder njuɓɓudi politik Maud Gonne, ko gaññeeje luggiɗe e Dental Dowlaaji [[Amerik]] e laamu mum to [[Irlannda]], ɗe o yiyri ko no ƴaañorgal, e kuutoragol e majjere moraal nii. Ɗum jibini naatgol makko e pelle ngenndiije, haa arti noon e sosde Inghinidhe na hÉireann, o humpitii kadi jaɓgol makko e laabi doole ɓalli ngam haɓaade, ko wayi no warngooji walla bommbooji, ɗi o miijii ko golle hare potɗe waɗeede e nder moraal, wonaa bonanndeeji. Hay so tawii o siftinii hoore makko wonde "e sifaa e filosof makko ko pacifist", o hollitii wonde o waɗii bonanndeeji baɗeteeɗi e Biritaan en e nder njuɓɓudi luulndiindi laamu, o miijii peeje ko wayi no tookeede bailiffs walla waɗde bommbooji e laanaaji konu Biritaan en, walla warde laamɗo Edward VII, o yetti e yeeso yimɓe fof wonde defenders of the I. Kono e nder golle, o seeɗa waɗde golle bonɗe ɗe o waɗata, o naatna heen sahaaji ngam haɗde njanguuji, o ƴetta peeje ngam reende jamaanu e nder kewuuji renndo. O woni ko e ƴeewde ngenndiyaŋkaagal doosgal ko ŋakki, o ñiŋii Charles Stewart Parnell sabu mum salaade fitinaaji, o salii miijo Fenian John O’Leary wonde ina woodi keeri moraal e ko neɗɗo waawi waɗde ngam hisnude leñol, o hirjinii e laaɓndal warngooji baɗeteeɗi e dow laamuuji Engele, o wiyi wonde kala Parkho e Engele ina wondi e P kuutorgal dowla les makko ina foti fiyde "gooto caggal goɗɗo". To bannge politik, o jokkondirii e yimɓe bannge nano hono James Connolly, Charlotte Despard e Constance Markievicz, kono o rewi ko e sosiyaalisma, o alaa miijo laaɓtungo, o joginoo e nokku hee ngenndiyaŋkaagal gaadanteewal [[Irlannda]], gonngal e luulndaade laamu Angalteer. Politik makko kadi ina jokki e duuɓi makko to Farayse e jokkondiral makko juutngal e politik Boulangist biyeteeɗo Lucien Millevoye. E nder dingiral ñaamowal e ngenndiyaŋkaagal toon, o ƴetti miijooji dictature plebiscitaire, daɗndo ngenndi e teddinde ardiiɓe tiiɗɓe. O hollitii weltaare makko e yimɓe laamuuji, o miijii wonde leƴƴi ina njogii sahaa e sahaa fof ko wayi no yimɓe heewɓe, ko ɗum addani mo caggal ɗuum yiytude geɗe laamuuji fasist en e kominist en, ko ɓuri yiɗeede e demokaraasi liberal Angalteer. E darorɗe kitaale 1930, o wiyi wonde [[Irlannda]] « ina waawi janngude e Stalinism e Hitlerism », hay so tawii noon ko ɓuri teeŋtude e ngoƴa makko ko luulndaade Angalteer, wonaa tan jogaade miijooji ɗii fof e timmal. Feññinde Gonne e politik [[Farayse]] bannge ñaamo addani mo waɗde geɗe luulndiiɗe juulɓe e miijooji luulndiiɗi juulɓe, ina jeyaa heen miijooji luulndiiɗi jowitiiɗi e jogaade kaalis e politik yahuud en. E nder haala Dreyfus, o salii darnde Dreyfus, caggal ɗuum o siftini Yeats wonde o yiyri Alfred Dreyfus ko « yahuud mo alaa ko nafata » mo sabaabu mum sikkaani so ina jogii kaalis keewɗo. O hawri e ngenndiyankooɓe [[Farayse]] luulndiiɓe ko ɓe njiyri ko ina wona doole kaalis yahuud en e winndere ndee to [[Farayse]]. Hay caggal nde Dreyfus woppitaa, o winndi wonde « alaa fof juɓɓule [[Farayse]] hannde kisal e njiimaandi gollotooɓe e jumaa ». Ndeeɗoo njiyaagu ina heddii e yiɗde makko e nder nguurndam makko, hay so tawii noon ina wondi e golle makko e bannge yimɓe yahruɓe yeeso e nder kampaañ ngam hakkeeji gollotooɓe, nuunɗal renndo e ustude baasal. Gonne wonnoo ko daraniiɗo hakkeeji rewɓe e politik e renndo, o sosi e ardii pelle ko wayi no Inghinidhe na hÉireann ngam ɓamtude jaŋde rewɓe, e tawtoreede politik e naatde e geɗe ngenndiije, o haɓanaaki hakkeeji makko e nder ngonkaaji keewɗi ko wayi no ceergal makko. Darnde makko e naatgol rewɓe e dille ngenndiyaŋkooje addani mo ƴellitde pelle ɗe rewɓe ardii, hay so tawii noon o siftoraani hoore makko wonde ko o feministe, tee yiɗde makko e golle rewɓe ɓuri teeŋtude ko e ɓure ngenndiyaŋkooje, wonaa e potal rewɓe e worɓe ɓurngal yaajde. Ko jiidaa e golle makko yuɓɓo, o wallitorii ummital Gaelic, o teeŋtinii ɗemngal Irlande, naalankaagal ngenndiwal e jaŋde siwil ko feere ngam semmbinde njiimaandi ngenndi e hirjinde naatgol yimɓe e nder politik, o naatii e golle baɗɗe faayiida e nder renndo-wellitaare, o wallitorii eɓɓooje evicted school reitich free tenants in, nyaamdu ngam ustude baasal sukaaɓe to Dublin. E fuɗɗoode wolde adunaare ɗimmere e hitaande 1939, Maud Gonne hollitii ballal mum tiiɗngal e [[Almaanya|Almaañ]] : o jokki e wiyde wonde Angalteer ko gaño Irlannda tigi rigi, tawi o yiyri Almaañ ko no sehil potɗo wonde. Ñaawoore makko e paandaale wolde Angalteer ina yahdi e sahaaji e ɗemngal jaɓɓotoongal walla ustude njiyaagu [[Almaanya|Almaañ]], o jokkondiri e Deutscher Fichte-Bund ngam ɗaɓɓude kaɓirɗe propagande. O jokki sehilaagal tiiɗngal e Doktoor Eduard Hempel, ammbasadeer [[Almaanya|Almaañ]] to Dublin, e debbo mum Evelyn, mo Gonne heewnoo jaɓɓaade e galle mum to Roebuck ''House''. Hakkillaaji konu [[Irlannda|Irlande]] ina ƴeewa golle Gonne, ina tuuma wonde o jeyaa ko e haala Hermann Goertz e hitaande 1940, haala caɗtuka, tawi ina jeyaa heen yimɓe mawɓe heewɓe e nder galle Gonne–MacBride–Stuart. Caggal wolde ndee, Gonne, e miijo mum e yurmeende mum e wolde ndee, e nder ɓataake mo o winndi e sehil makko Ethel Mannin, o winndi : « Mi sikkaani so tawiino ko mi Almaañnaajo caggal nanondiral Versailles, mi wonataano Nazi, so wonaa tawa Nazi en ina njaltina rewɓe ». Gonne kadi wonti tergal sosngal, kanko e Goertz, kampaañ ''Save the German Children'', yiɗnooɗo rokkude cuuɗi restoraaji sukaaɓe [[Almaanya|Almaañ]] katolik en yaayaaɓe wolde caggal wolde. == Nguurndam neɗɗo == Maud Gonne MacBride yaltinii deftere nguurndam mum e hitaande 1938, tiitoonde mum ko « Maccuɗo laamɗo debbo » , ko ɗum tuugnorgal ko fayti e gite makko e laamɗo debbo Irlande ɓooyɗo, hono Kathleen Ni Houlihan, e tiitoonde teskinnde, nde tawnoo Gonne ina yiɗi ngenndiyankaagal [[Irlannda|Irlande]] e salaade laamu Biritaan. Gonne sankii ko to Clonskeagh, ina yahra e duuɓi 86, o wirnaa ko to yanaande Glasnevin, to Dublin. Binndanɗe Maccuɗo laamɗo debbo biyeteeɗo Dublin, Defte ''Golden Eagle'' (<nowiki>ISBN 9780226302522</nowiki>, 1995) == Teskorɗe == Haala Gonne, kono, ina ruttinaa e nder duuɓi capanɗe, ina heɓa kaalis e ƴeewtaade nguurndam makko, e binndanɗe makko e golle daartol makko, hay so tawii noon ko ɗum huunde nde luulndiima e yeeso yimɓe fof e nder ñaawoore ceergal makko e John MacBride e hitaande 1905. Winndooɓe hono Doro Elizabeth the Macard e woɗɓe Coxhead, teskiima goonga wonde Gonnes en ko njulaagu Engele en jogiiɓe tan ko jokkondiral juutngal, juutngal e Mayo. == Tuugnorgal == lxr3ex3c3q4e1x3j4t6i8nnz7u6vxv0 0 36748 181156 153723 2026-08-05T03:08:38Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 3 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181156 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Caggal ƴellitaare ndema''' (ADA) ko njuɓɓudi limde duuɓi yeeso gila 8000 ko adii jibineede Iisaa, waɗta 2026 hitaande 10026 ADA. Nde ƴellitaa ko e diineeji rewɓe. Heewaani huutoreede. A.D.A. ina nanndi e limlebbi Holocene, mo hitaande 2026 winndiraa 12026 HE.<ref>{{cite book|last=Eller|first=Cynthia|title=The Myth of Matriarchal Prehistory: Why an Invented Past Won't Give Women a Future|url=https://archive.org/details/mythofmatriarcha0000elle|location=Boston, Mass.|publisher=Beacon Press|year=2000|isbn=0-8070-6792-X|page=[https://archive.org/details/mythofmatriarcha0000elle/page/42 42]}}</ref>{{'"}}<ref name="Spretnak xxiv fn">{{cite book|editor-last=Spretnak|editor-first=Charlene|title=The Politics of Women's Spirituality: Essays on the Rise of Spiritual Power Within the Feminist Movement|url=https://archive.org/details/politicsofwomens0000unse_p5f3|location=Garden City, N.Y.|publisher=Anchor Press (Doubleday)|edition=1st|year=1982|isbn=0-385-17770-4|at=page ''xxiv'' (footnote)|quote=Berkeley, Nov., 9980 [A.D.A.]}}, subquoting {{cite journal|last=Stone|first=Merlin|title=9978: Repairing the Time Warp and Other Related Realities|journal=Heresies|issue=5|date=September 1978}}</ref><ref name="MythMatriarchalPrehist-p157fn-">{{cite book|last=Eller|first=Cynthia|title=The Myth of Matriarchal Prehistory: Why an Invented Past Won't Give Women a Future|url=https://archive.org/details/mythofmatriarcha0000elle|location=Boston, Mass.|publisher=Beacon Press|year=2000|isbn=0-8070-6792-X|at=page 157 (footnote) and see page 8 note 8}}</ref><ref name="Spretnak xxiv fn" /><ref name="MythMatriarchalPrehist-p157fn-" /><ref>{{cite journal|last=Eller|first=Cynthia|title=Relativizing the Patriarchy: The Sacred History of the Feminist Spirituality Movement|journal=History of Religions|volume=30|issue=3|date=February 1991|doi=10.1086/463229|s2cid=162395492|at=page 283 note 5}}</ref> == Daartol hitaande A.D.A. == "E hitaande 1978, naalanke e ganndo Merlin Stone wiyi yo feministe en ƴettu peeje kese ngam jokkondire, e wiyde 1978 ko 9978 ADA—Caggal ƴellitaare ndema".[a] Stone ñiŋii "jokkondiral Kerecee'en [sabu ɗum] skews waktu e eraal, the eraal B.'. ko ɓuri mawnude no feewi, ‘ko meere mawnde nde anndaaka walla nde wonaa goonga’. "Stone huutiniri date limngal 8000 B.C.—wakkati rewbe tammi taari ndemri—bano hitaande zero Stone wi'i ɗum wakkati caka duuɓi 2,000 wakkati Neolithic (Stone ɗon mari limngal feminist nder wakkati "Goɗɗum." laawol ɓurngol 'feminized' ngam hiisaade daartol ko ɓuri laawol gonngol e limtude gila e gargol Iisaa." "Sistem [ina fotnoo] hollirde batte pinal rewɓe." So tawii ndema fuɗɗii ko duuɓi 8 000 ko adii jamaanu, ina gasa tawa annduɓe ɓee njaɓaani ɗum, kono ina ɓadii won e ciimtol. Kadi nde fuɗɗaaki e nokkuuji ɗii fof e sahaa gooto. Ko A.D.A. system limlebbi heewaani huutoreede. == Ƴeew kadi == Jamanuuji Holocene (ina wiyee kadi Jamanuuji Neɗɗaŋke)—ko nanndi e ɗuum, ɓeydi duuɓi 10 000 e Jamanuuji Common Daartol ndema Rewolisiyoŋ Neolitik walla Rewolisiyoŋ ndema e jamaanu kaaƴe, dow fuɗɗoode ndema e nder pine aadee keewɗe == Teskorɗe == 4p6lezi8vnsb05iu6ume0th58l1ukr4 0 36756 181018 153746 2026-08-05T00:51:46Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181018 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Fedde ɓiɓɓe leydi Irlande''' ko fedde nde wonaa laamuyankoore, nde sosaa ko e hitaande 1923 ngam daranaade hakkeeji rewɓe caggal wolde ndimaagu Irlande e wolde hakkunde leyɗeele [[Irlannda|Irlande]]. E fuɗɗoode, nde anndiraa ko Fedde ɓiɓɓe leydi e laamuuji nokkuuji rewɓe Irlande, nde wonnoo ko batte kawral hakkunde Fedde rewɓe [[Irlannda|Irlande]] ngam suɓaade e laamuuji nokkuuji e Fedde rewɓe Irlande ngam ɓiɗɓe leydi. Faandaare renndo keso ngoo ko « renndinde denndaangal rewɓe Irlanndanaaɓe e denndaangal politik e denndaangal diineeji ngam janngude e huutoraade ɓiyleydaagu moƴƴu ». Terɗe Fedde Ɓiɓɓe Leydi Rewɓe [[Irlannda|Irlande]] ina keewi wonde rewɓe wuro, rewɓe hakkundeeji, jannguɓe. Heewɓe e maɓɓe ko feministe en wonnooɓe e dillere suɓngooji ɗii, hono terɗe Fedde Suɓngooji Rewɓe e Laamuuji nokkuuji Irlande, heddiiɓe e golle caggal nde suɓngooji ɗii keɓaa. Ɓe cikkatnoo ko rewɓe fof ko ɓiɗɓe leydi timmuɓe, eɓe ngolloo ngam reende hakkeeji maɓɓe e ɓiɗɓe leydi. Fedde ndee ina golloo fotde duuɓi capanɗe tati, ina daranii sariyaaji teeŋtuɗi ɗi Dowla Irlannda ƴetti e duuɓi capanɗe gadani jeytaare mum. E hitaande 1949 IWCA hawri e Fedde rewɓe galleeji [[Irlannda|Irlande]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Irish women and the vote : becoming citizens|url=https://archive.org/details/irishwomenvotebe0000unse|date=2007|publisher=Irish Academic Press|others=Ryan, Louise, 1965-, Ward, Margaret, 1950-|isbn=9780716533924|location=Dublin|oclc=144377910}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite book|title=The Irish women's movement : from revolution to devolution|author=Connolly, Linda|date=2002|publisher=Palgrave|isbn=978-0230509122|location=Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire|oclc=70207789}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|last=Valiulis|first=Maryann Gialanella|date=1992|title=Defining Their Role in the New State: Irishwomen's Protest against the Juries Act of 1927|journal=The Canadian Journal of Irish Studies|volume=18|issue=1|pages=43–60|doi=10.2307/25512895|jstor=25512895}}</ref> == Kampaañuuji == === Kuulal kuuɓtodinngal golle laamu === E hitaande 1925 fedde ndee fuɗɗii kampaañ moƴƴo ngam haɓaade kuulal jowitiingal e kuulal (''Amendment'') jowitiingal e golle laamu. Ooɗoo sariya ina haɗatnoo rewɓe yahrude yeeso e nder golle laamu toowɗe. Haala fedde nde e hitaande 1926 hollitii luulndaare maɓɓe: "E miijo fedde rewɓe, naamnal ngal ko gootum e doosɗe. E maɓɓe, jarribo toɗɗagol e kala gollordu ina foti wonde ko foti wonde fittaandu kanndidaa ngam huutoraade golle oon biro – naamnal naamneteengal ina foti wonde, wonaa mbele ɓeeɗoo kanndidaaji ko worɓe walla rewɓe potɓe waɗde golle ɗee." Fedde ɓiɗɓe leydi Irlande gollodiima e pelle rewɓe goɗɗe, e rewrude e kuutoragol ɓataakeeji feewde e rewtinoowo oo e cirridiiɗo nelaaɗo to Dail, kuulal jowitiingal e kuule laamu (''Civil Service Regulation'') dartinaama. Sabu wasiyaaji fedde ɓiɓɓe leydi rewɓe [[Irlannda|Irlande]], Senaa [[Irlannda|Irlande]] salii kuulal ngal. === Sariya waylude golle laamu e kuulal juɓɓule === Fedde ndee tawtoraama kampaañuuji goɗɗi maantinɗi. E hitaande 1927 laamu nguu ƴetti kuulal ngam waylude kuulal ngam waylude golle laamu e kuulal juɓɓule ngam ittude rewɓe e golle juɓɓule. Fedde ndee ina luulndii sariya juɓɓule ɗee, sibu ko kamɓe ngoni ɓiɗɓe leydi, rewɓe ina njogii hakke jeyeede e nguurndam renndo, tee rewɓe ina mbaawi naftoraade njuɓɓudi sariya e nder njuɓɓudi juɓɓule. Fedde nde nanngi e pelle goɗɗe ngam salaade ooɗoo sariya. Ɓe mbinndi ɓataakeeji feewde e gardiiɗo jaaynde ndee e denndaangal terɗe Dail. Kono ɓe keɓaani heen, rewɓe ɓee njaltinaama e golle juɓɓule ɗee e dow fenaande. === Sariya waylude sariyaaji juɓɓule leydi Irlande === E hitaande 1934, fedde ndee noddii yo kuulal 17 sariya jowitiiɗo e warngooji baɗnooɗi e leydi Irlannda, haɗoowo yeeyde kaɓirɗe ngam haɗde jibinde. Fedde ndee dañaani heen nafoore, yeeyde kaɓirɗe ngam haɗde jibinde e nder leydi [[Irlannda]] ina heddii haa nde teeminannde ndee joofi. == Tuugnorgal == p2uptwp2xcyyhirekikc0pazdifrjba 0 36817 181132 153983 2026-08-05T02:46:54Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181132 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Ngelima, walla Angba''' (Leangba), ko ɗemngal Bantu kaaleteengal e nder Ndenndaandi Konngo Kinsaasa. Ɗemɗe nay ɗee (Beo, Buru (Boro), Tungu, Hanga) ina ceerti no feewi, tee ina gasa tawa ko ɗemɗe ceertuɗe.<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Nurse|editor1-first=Derek|editor2-last=Philippson|editor2-first=Gérard|title=The Bantu languages|url=https://archive.org/details/bantulanguages0000unse|date=2003|publisher=Routledge|location=London|isbn=9780700711345}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == oa59d9l0l7pot02j685ljjvwxlyp745 0 36956 180949 154473 2026-08-04T23:25:45Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180949 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Geec Erebus''' (77°40′S 167°6′E) ko geec ɓuuɓɗo les ŋoral fuɗnaange tufnde Erebus, duunde Ross, Antarktik. Nde ummotoo ko bannge worgo haa Erebus Bay ɗo nde waɗi ɗemngal ɓuuɓngal Erebus ɓuuɓngal. Nde inniraa ko e jokkondiral e tufnde Erebus e njilluuji leydi Angalteer to Antarktik, 1901-04, e gardagol Robert Falcon Scott.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Stevens|first1=C. L.|last2=Sirguey|first2=P.|last3=Leonard|first3=G. H.|last4=Haskell|first4=T. G.|title=The 2013 Erebus Glacier Tongue calving event|journal=The Cryosphere|date=2 September 2013|volume=7|page=1333|doi=10.5194/tc-7-1333-2013|url=http://www.the-cryosphere.net/7/1333/2013/tc-7-1333-2013.pdf|access-date=15 August 2014|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Benn|first1=Douglas I.|last2=Evans|first2=David J. A.|title=Glaciers & Glaciation|url=https://archive.org/details/glaciersglaciati0000benn|date=1998|publisher=Arnold|location=London|isbn=0340584319|page=[https://archive.org/details/glaciersglaciati0000benn/page/69 69]}}</ref> Kewu mawɗo calɗi waɗii ñalnde 1 marse 1990, nde feccere mawnde e ɗemngal ɓuuɓol Erebus seerti e ɓuuɓol mawngol ngol. Pecce ceertuɗe ɗee ina njogii njuuteendi 3,5 km, teddeendi mum ina tolnoo e 1011 kg. == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol ƴiye e nder Antarktik Gilaasiyoloji == Tuugnorgal == 6hlb8v9us6vg1ypdc4ip3er61y8kiic 0 37138 181040 155024 2026-08-05T01:17:45Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181040 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Great Range''' ko tufnde e nder kaaƴe Adirondack, saraaji falnde Keene, to New York, to Dental Dowlaaji Amerik. Nde ummotoo ko e ɓernde diiwaan High Peaks hakkunde maayooji Ausable to fuɗnaange-rewo e falnde Johns Brook to worgo-fuɗnaange.<ref>{{cite book|last1=McMartin|first1=Barbara|title=The Adirondack Park: A Wildlands Quilt|url=https://archive.org/details/adirondackparkwi0000mcma|date=June 1, 1999|publisher=Syracuse University Press|isbn=978-0-8156-0567-6|language=en}}</ref> Njuuteeki nokku oo ina tolnoo e 19 km, ina waɗi jeeɗiɗi e nder capanɗe jeegom Toowɗe. Ko ɗiin ngoni, e dow ŋoral mawngal gila fuɗnaange-rewo haa worgo-fuɗnaange, Wolfjaw les, Wolfjaw dow, Armstrong, Gotik, Saddleback, Basin, e Haystack. Sawteeth ko spur Gothics, e Marcy ina heewi jokkondirde e Range mawnde kono wonaa "taariindi" feccere e Range mawnde.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ingersoll|first1=Bill|title=Snowshoe Routes: Adirondacks & Catskills|url=https://archive.org/details/snowshoeroutesad0000inge|date=August 9, 2006|publisher=Mountaineers Books|isbn=978-1-59485-331-9|language=en}}</ref> Denndaangal nokku oo ina waawi yahde e laabi jeegom toppitiiɗi, ina hiisee wonde ko caɗeele mawɗe wonande yahooɓe e nder Adirondacks. Gila e hoore laawol Rooster Comb to bannge worgo-fuɗnaange ŋorol ngol, laawol Rooster Comb, laawol tufnde Hedgehog, laawol W. A. ​​White, laawol ADK Range, e laawol State Range ina njaha e dow ŋoral hakkunde ŋoral. Laawol Dowlaaji Dentuɗi ina jokki haa fuɗnaange-rewo haa Haystack e Marcy. Hakke Mt. Marcy ko 21,7 km. Jaɓɓungal bannge to Rooster Comb ina waawi waɗeede ko ɓeydata kilooji goɗɗi e woɗɗude. Alaa lean-tos kadi ko kammu gooto tan woni e laawol ngol. == Tuugnorgal == g78zi9kuu3jk3infftxm51fhmlcng3m 0 37158 180927 155083 2026-08-04T23:01:48Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180927 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Ko ɓulli Talari''' (Gorges de Talary) ko ɓulli gonɗi e maayo Senegaal to Mali, hakkunde gure Bafoulabé (dow) e Galougo (dow) e nder diiwaan Kayes, tooweeki mum ko hedde 75 m (246 ft) dow koye maayo. Ɗe mawninaama ngam ŋarɗugol majji mawngol, ɗe peewniraa ko kaaƴe boɗeeje ko ina tolnoo e 600 miliyoŋ hitaande, ɗe njaajeendi mum en tolnii e 100 m (330 ft) e luggiɗde haa 30 m (98 ft).Dow maayo to bannge worgo ko ɓulli Gouina.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/ML/03/Talari.html|title=Talari, Mali Page|publisher=Falling Rain|access-date=2012-05-31}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dive-spirit-travel.com/nouveau/sejour.php?m=af&Id=78|title=Mali|publisher=Dive Spirit Travel|access-date=2009-03-14}}{{Dead link|date=June 2018|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Houlet|first=Gilbert|title=Afrique occidentale française: Togo|year=1958|publisher=Hachette|pages=175–176}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Natural Wonders of the World|url=https://archive.org/details/readersdigestnat00sche|publisher=Reader's Digest Association, Inc|year=1980|isbn=0-89577-087-3|editor-last=Scheffel|editor-first=Richard L.|location=United States of America|pages=[https://archive.org/details/readersdigestnat00sche/page/366 366]|editor-last2=Wernet|editor-first2=Susan J.}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> abp37kpkl8kk7b2mn9a4xthaugnu1hc 0 37203 180944 155225 2026-08-04T23:19:39Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180944 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Tomaat bredie''' ko ñamri Afrik worgo, ndi mbiyaten e ɗemngal Afrik ‘tamatiebredie’, ndi heewi waɗeede ko e kosam baali. Ina defaa ko juuti no feewi, tee ina waɗi heen cinndel, kartoŋaaji, jenngi e ƴiye kam e cili. "Bredie" ko helmere Afrikaans firti ko "stew", kono e goonga ko helmere iwdi Malesi. Ngolɗoo laawol defgol ko Malaysinaaɓe ngaddi ɗum en e Kap, ɓe ngaddi ɗum en e koloñaal ko ɓuri heewde e maccuɓe. Konngol bredie ngol firti ko ƴiiƴam fuɗnaange. E nder tomat bredie tomat ina huutoree e nokku mum. Ina kuutoree kadi puɗi, ñebbe daneeje e ɓuuɓri ndiyam (lili ndiyam Kap, distakiyos Aponogeton, puɗi). Ooɗoo ñaamdu aadaaji Afrik worgo ina heewi ñaameede e saraaji Afrik worgo, ko yimɓe nokku oo e turismaaɓe fof. Bredies ko ɓuri heewde ko ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓndi e ƴiye mbabba, ko ɓuri heewde ko defaa e leɗɗe. Ko jiidaa e tomaate ina mbaawi kadi waɗde heen kosam, kosam ɗam, kosam ɗam, e kosam ɗam, ina njulee e maaro. Ƴeew kadi Doggol ñameele lamɗam Doggol ñameele tomat Doggol ñameele Afrik Doggol stewuuji<ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/kVfkYcY0YVs Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190550/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kVfkYcY0YVs Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kVfkYcY0YVs|title=TOMATO BREDIE|website=[[YouTube]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Davidson|first=Alan|title=The Oxford companion to food|url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont0000davi_m3c8|date=2014|others=Tom Jaine, Soun Vannithone|isbn=978-0-19-967733-7|edition=3rd|location=New York, NY|pages=[https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont0000davi_m3c8/page/758 758]|oclc=890807357}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2022-10-20-throwback-thursday-tomato-bredie-the-leipoldt-way/|title=Throwback Thursday: Tomato bredie the Leipoldt way|first=Tony|last=Jackman|date=October 20, 2023|access-date=January 2, 2022}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> 831twql5uwkvqjk73immmpymff1vbv2 0 37262 181079 155407 2026-08-05T01:56:05Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181079 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Tufnde Peekamoose''' ko tufnde wonnde e nder diiwaan Ulster, to leydi New York. Koɗorɗe ɗee ina njeyaa e koɗorɗe Catskill. Koɗorɗe Peekamoose ina taarii ɗum to bannge worgo koɗorɗe Table. Innde Peekamoose ina gasa tawa ko engeleere helmere Algonquin firti ko ‘taƴaaɗo ɓuuɓɗo’, cf. Poke-O-Lewru koɗorɗe.<ref>{{cite book|last=Vasiliev|first=Ren|title=From Abbotts to Zurich: New York State Placenames|url=https://archive.org/details/fromabbottstozur0000vasi|date=1 April 2004|publisher=Syracuse University Press|page=[https://archive.org/details/fromabbottstozur0000vasi/page/174 174]}}</ref> Tufnde Peekamoose ina darii e nder weendu Rondout Creek, ɓuuɓndu maayo Hudson, ɓuuɓndu e nder maayo New York. Fuɗnaange e fuɗnaange-rewo ŋoral Peekamoose Mtn. ɓuuɓol e nder maayo Rondout. Fuɗnaange-rewo Peekamoose ina ɓuuɓtoo e nder maayo Buttermilk Falls, ummoraade ɗoon e nder maayo Rondout. Bannge hirnaange Peekamoose ina ɓuuɓta e nder maayo Bear Hole, ummoraade ɗoon e nder maayo Rondout. Tufnde Peekamoose woni ko e nder ladde tufnde Slide e nder nokku biyeteeɗo Catskill to New York. Laawol juutngol ngol, ko laawol juutngol 560 kiloomeeteer, ummoraade wuro New York haa Albany, ina taƴa ŋoral Peekamoose e Table. == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol koɗli e nder wuro New York == Teskorɗe == 3urwdozkpd7yld3u5f0bc9j9uhrsgfz 0 37331 180901 157769 2026-08-04T22:32:23Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 3 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180901 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bachelorette party, Canandaigua, NY, May 2014.jpg|thumb|Fedde bachelorette Ameriknaajo, jom suudu oo ina ɓoornii wutte, to bannge nano]] '''Bachelorette party''' ([[Amerik]] e Kanadaa) walla hen night (Royaume-Uni, Irlannda, Ostarali e Nuwel Selannde) ko fedde waɗeteende ngam debbo (jom suudu walla jom suudu) mo ɓooyaani resde. So tawii Beth Montemurro ina joofnira wonde fedde bachelorette ndee ina waɗi ko wayi no jamma stag mo teeminanɗe keewɗe e nder Amerik,<ref>Young, Sheila, 'Prenuptial Rituals in Scotland: Blackening the Bride and Decorating the Hen' (Lexington Books, 2019)</ref> ko ɗum e hoore mum woni e daartol ko ñaamde nde jommbaajo oo rokkata sehilaaɓe mum ko juuti hade dewgal mum, Sheila Young ina hollita wonde fedde nde Angalteernaaɓe ummorii ko e aadaaji keewɗi wodinging Girldwe pre, for Bosola, Taking Out, Jumping the Chanty, ngam siftinde heen seeɗa) ɗi iwdi mum en laaɓtaani kono ɗi ngoni ko famɗi fof teeminannde e nder usineeji e birooji e nder leydi Angalteer.<ref name="isbn0-06-074504-52">{{cite book|last=Post|first=Peggy|author-link=Peggy Post|title=Emily Post's wedding etiquette|edition=5|publisher=Collins|location=London|year=2006|pages=[https://archive.org/details/emilypostsweddin00pegg/page/183 183–184]|isbn=0-06-074504-5|url=https://archive.org/details/emilypostsweddin00pegg/page/183}}</ref> Hay so tawii ina wiyee « salminaango sodden to maiden days » walla « jamma njurum », ɗeen kewuuji ina mbaawi wonde tan ko kewuuji baɗaaɗi ngam teddinde jommbaajo debbo oo, e mbaadi ndi nganndu-ɗaa ina heewi e ndeen fedde renndo.<ref name="isbn0-06-074504-5">{{cite book|last=Post|first=Peggy|author-link=Peggy Post|title=Emily Post's wedding etiquette|edition=5|publisher=Collins|location=London|year=2006|pages=[https://archive.org/details/emilypostsweddin00pegg/page/183 183–184]|isbn=0-06-074504-5|url=https://archive.org/details/emilypostsweddin00pegg/page/183}}</ref> == Terminology == Helmere fedde bachelorette walla bachelorette tan ina heewi e leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik e Kanadaa. E nder leydi Angalteer e Irlannda ina anndaa ko fedde henndu, jamma henndu walla henndu ina waɗa, tawi noon helmere fedde henndu walla jamma henndu ina heewi e Ostarali e Nuwel Selannde. Helmere stagette ndee ina huutoree sahaa e sahaa fof to Kanadaa.<ref>{{cite book|editor-last=Barber|editor-first=Katherine|title=Canadian Oxford Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/canadianoxforddi0000unse_f6g8|edition=2|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford [Oxfordshire]|year=2004|isbn=0-19-541816-6}}</ref> Ina waawi kadi wiyeede ko jamma sukaaɓe rewɓe walla teewu coodgu (Afrik worgo haa teeŋti) walla kelme goɗɗe e nder leyɗeele goɗɗe kaaloowo Engele. Mawningol goɗngol ko adii dewgal, ko wayi no ñalɗi ñalɗi jommbaajo debbo, ina keewi waɗeede e nokkuuji bachelorette sabu jokkondiral ɗiɗaɓal ngal e licentiousness e nder won e leyɗeele gila e kitaale 1980.<ref>{{cite book|last=Adam|first=Elise Mac|title=Something New: Wedding Etiquette for Rule Breakers, Traditionalists, and Everyone in Between|date=19 February 2008|publisher=Simon and Schuster|language=en|isbn=9781416958093|page=52}}</ref><ref name="Haire-2009">{{cite magazine|url=http://content.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1904885,00.html|title=A Brief History Of Bachelor Parties|last=Haire|first=Meaghan|date=16 June 2009|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|language=en|access-date=15 December 2017|quote=In the past, a bachelor party could commonly involve a black-tie dinner hosted by the groom's father, with toasts to the groom and the bride. The more recent traditions of hazing, humiliation and debauchery—often consuming entire weekends and involving travel to an exotic destination such as Las Vegas or its nearest available facsimile—became a staple of bad 1980s sex comedies.}}</ref> == History == [[File:Hen party in San Francisco, USA-1Aug2010.jpg|thumb|Debbo ina yima e dow bar e nder fedde bachelorette to Amerik]] Ko adii nde huutortee e helmere ngam wiyde fedde hade dewgal, fedde hen party huutortenoo ko e nder leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik no helmere huuɓtodinnde wonande mooɓondiral rewɓe fof, ko heewi waɗeede ko e galle jaɓɓiiɗo. E hitaande 1897, jaaynde wiyeteende The Deseret News hollitii wonde fedde henndu ko "miijo teddungo e sahaa nde teewu e chitchats, koppi smart gossip, ko huunde haannde e ɗeen kawre teeŋtuɗe".<ref name="isbn0-06-074504-53">{{cite book|last=Post|first=Peggy|author-link=Peggy Post|title=Emily Post's wedding etiquette|edition=5|publisher=Collins|location=London|year=2006|pages=[https://archive.org/details/emilypostsweddin00pegg/page/183 183–184]|isbn=0-06-074504-5|url=https://archive.org/details/emilypostsweddin00pegg/page/183}}</ref><ref name="isbn0-8135-3811-4">{{cite book|last=Montemurro|first=Beth|title=Something old, something bold: bridal showers and bachelorette parties|url=https://archive.org/details/somethingoldsome0000mont_o7m9|publisher=Rutgers University Press|location=New Brunswick, New Jersey|year=2006|isbn=0-8135-3811-4}}</ref> E hitaande 1940 Eleanor Roosevelt siforaama wonde ina jaɓɓoo fedde henndu e sahaa Noel ngam rewɓe kabine e "rewɓe jaayndeeji".<ref>{{cite web|title=Gridiron Widows Visited by Santa|agency=Associated Press|location=Washington|date=December 15, 1940|page=B-9|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=fjtPAAAAIBAJ&pg=4017,4940452&dq=hen-party&hl=en|work=St. Petersburg Times|access-date=June 27, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=9iEhAAAAIBAJ&pg=6361,456699&dq=hen-party&hl=en|title=And, Too, How Much Should Wives Tell Husbands|first=Hal|last=Boyle|work=Sarasota Herald-Tribune|page=4|location=New York|date=September 6, 1951|access-date=June 27, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=WsYwAAAAIBAJ&pg=3476,2742002&dq=hen-party&hl=en|title=Dorothy Dix Says...|work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|page=12|date=June 10, 1947|access-date=June 27, 2016}}</ref>Fedde bachelorette ndee ina anndiree no feewi caggal fedde bachelor nde duuɓi teemedde,<ref name="1922 Post">{{cite book|last=Post|first=Emily|author-link=Emily Post|title=Etiquette in Society, in Business, in Politics and at Home|url=https://archive.org/details/etiquetteinsoci00postgoog|publisher=[[Funk & Wagnalls Company]]|year=1922|pages=[https://archive.org/details/etiquetteinsoci00postgoog/page/n383 335]–337}}</ref> nde e hoore mum woni e daartol ko ñaamde karaba ɓaleejo nde jommbaajo oo rokkata,<ref name="Haire-20092">{{cite magazine|url=http://content.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1904885,00.html|title=A Brief History Of Bachelor Parties|last=Haire|first=Meaghan|date=16 June 2009|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|language=en|access-date=15 December 2017|quote=In the past, a bachelor party could commonly involve a black-tie dinner hosted by the groom's father, with toasts to the groom and the bride. The more recent traditions of hazing, humiliation and debauchery—often consuming entire weekends and involving travel to an exotic destination such as Las Vegas or its nearest available facsimile—became a staple of bad 1980s sex comedies.}}</ref> walla sahaa e sahaa fof baaba mum, ko adii dewgal mum seeɗa. === Adaptaasiyoŋaaji jamaanu === [[File:Naked butlers with a hen party, Bristol 2013.jpg|thumb|Butlers topless ina liggina hoɓɓe e fedde henndu]] Debbo ina yima e dow bar e nder fedde bachelorette to Amerik Golle rokkude fedde ngam teddinde jom suudu ina yahra e teeminanɗe. Kono won e aadaaji lannda bachelorette Ameriknaajo jowitiiɗi e license e nder won e pelle renndo ina gasa tawa puɗɗiima e sahaa njiimaandi (revolution) jokkere enɗam e kitaale 1960. Ko ɗum huunde nde heewaani waɗde haa ko famɗi fof e cakkital kitaale 1980,[5] e deftere adannde ko fayti e peewnugol lanndaaji bachelorette yalti tan ko e hitaande 1998. Ɓeen ɓe ngonaa welɓe e ɗeen aadaaji jamaanu ɗi njuumri ina keewi mawninde jamma ko adii dewgal mum en e fedde stag e doe kawrital, aadaaji ɗi ɓeydii heewde. Konngol "fedde henndu" ina hollira gorko "fedde stag" e nder tuugnaade e mbaydiiji renndo kala jinnaaɗo e nder fedde nde. Gila e kitaale 1980, lanndaaji keewɗi ngam teddinde jommbaajo debbo biyeteeɗo lanndaaji bachelorette ina keewi waɗde kollirɗe filosofi ndimaagu jokkondiral, ko wayi no yeeyde sirluuji gonɗi e nder renndo, yarlitaare, e ndaarde worɓe ƴaañooɓe. Lanndaaji teddinooji jommbaajo debbo tawa ɓe ngalaa heen, ina ndewi e oon lefol. Kono jooni, helmere ndee ina huutoree e lanndaaji keewɗi.<ref name="isbn0-8118-4458-7">{{cite book|last1=Hughes|first1=Kathleen|first2=Carolyn|last2=Gerin|title=Anti-Bride Etiquette Guide: The Rules — And How to Bend Them|publisher=Chronicle Books|location=San Francisco|year=2004|pages=[https://archive.org/details/antibrideetiquet00geri/page/90 90, 92]|quote=Squealing girls and strip clubs full of dancing, oily-chested men with socks stuffed in their banana hammocks are becoming a thing of the past. Bonding with your gals is what the bachelorette party is all about, not calling attention to how drunk and tarty you look in public.|isbn=0-8118-4458-7|url=https://archive.org/details/antibrideetiquet00geri/page/90}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Fox|first=Sue|title=Etiquette For Dummies|url=https://archive.org/details/etiquettefordumm0000foxs_l4q6|publisher=For Dummies|year=2007|isbn=978-0-470-10672-3|quote=Bachelor and bachelorette trends vary from coast to coast and are changing fast in many social circles. Most every type of party is acceptable...|page=[https://archive.org/details/etiquettefordumm0000foxs_l4q6/page/294 294]}}</ref> Lanndaaji bachelorette en ɓuri waawde huutoreede ko e fuɗɗoode teeminannde 21ɓiire, ina keewi feeñde e jeewte. E hitaande 2020 sabu rafi COVID-19, won ɓeydagol kewuuji henndu "virtuel" tawi jommbaajo debbo ina mawnina 'jamma mum cakkitiiɗo ndimaagu' e jommbaajo debbo mum e nder winndere ndee kala e nder appliiji videotelefoŋ ko wayi no Zoom e Houseparty. === Fijirde === Butlers topless ina liggina hoɓɓe e fedde henndu Nokkuuji keewɗi ceertuɗi ina cuɓee, fawaade e ko yuɓɓinɓe hiirde ndee cikkata ko ɓuri welde e koɗo maɓɓe tedduɗo. So tawii eɓɓude toast e jom suudu ina heewi e ko ɓuri heewde e kewuuji bachelorette, won heen ina njuɓɓina pijirlooji yarde. So tawii miijooji fedde bachelorette ko jamma njurum yarlitiiɓe ina njokki e won e renndooji gila e kitaale 1980,<ref>{{cite news|title=A bachelorette art party that makes ogling hot naked guys respectable|url=http://www.laweekly.com/arts/a-bachelorette-art-party-that-makes-ogling-hot-naked-guys-respectable-4991034|work=LA Weekly|date=12 August 2014|access-date=17 August 2017}}</ref> ina ɓeydoo yiyeede e Amerik ko fartaŋŋe jokkondiral rewɓe. E wiyde ganndo ko faati e etikeet biyeteeɗo Peggy Post, "kala ko weltinta, fotaani hersude, hersinaade, walla bonnude tedduɗo oo walla hay gooto e hoɓɓe ɓee." Lanndaaji tokoosi, ko ɓuri heewde e sehilaaɓe e banndiraaɓe rewɓe ɓadtiiɓe tan, ina mbaawi waɗde jamma walla ñalngu udditgol, walla njillu keeriiɗo ko wayi no njilluuji e nder dingiral walla e nder galleeji naalankaagal. So tawii ko e nokku keeriiɗo, ko wayi no galle jaɓɓiiɗo, fedde ndee ina waawi ƴettude kala mbaadi welndi jaɓɓiiɗo oo, teddinde jom suudu oo. Ñamri e ñalɗi coktirɗe, baɗooji fartaŋŋeeji welɗi ngam haaldude walla rokkude jommbaajo oo wasiyaaji laaɓtuɗi, ina keewi. Hostesseeji goɗɗi ina cuɓoo fedde tiitoonde, ko wayi no "fedde pamper", hoɓɓe ina mbaɗa heen safaaraaji spa, walla e nder duɗal defgol.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.henweekends.co.uk/spa-hen-party/|title=Spa Hen Party {{!}} UK & European Spa Breaks {{!}} Hen Weekends|website=www.henweekends.co.uk|language=en|access-date=2017-09-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|first1=Kristen|last1=Finello|first2=Diane|last2=Forden|title=Bridal Guide Magazine's New Etiquette for Today's Bride|publisher=Warner Books|location=New York|year=2005|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780446678223/page/28 28–29]|isbn=0-446-67822-8|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780446678223/page/28}}</ref> E teeminannde 21ɓiire, sosiyeteeji keewɗi ina njeeya geɗe baɗaaɗe e yuɓɓinɓe pijirlooji bachelorette, ina heen paaspooruuji pijirlooji baɗɗi tiitoonde, noddaali baɗaaɗi ko adii, paabi, kesi, e pijirlooji jokkondire. Tiitoonde ɓurnde heewde e lanndaaji ko ɓuuɓri worɓe walla ɓuuɓri feccere. E nder Amerik worgo, ina heewi e won e renndooji ngam ƴettude worɓe strip walla yahde e club strip worɓe. To leydi Angalteer, butler mo alaa comci wonti ko ɓuri yiɗeede e kewuuji henndu. Feddeeji diidi nguurndam ina mbaɗa model gorko mo alaa ko woni e mum ina mbaawi kadi waɗeede.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.themorningnews.org/archives/opinions/dont_be_rude_part_iii_socializing.php|title=Don't Be Rude: Part III, Socializing|last=Berry|first=Margaret|date=September 4, 2002|work=[[The Morning News (online magazine)|The Morning News]]|quote=Don't throw parties in your own honor. Throwing a birthday party, a shower, or an anniversary party for yourself lacks humility. It also suggests that the party is a poorly camouflaged push for gifts, instead of a heartfelt expression of affection from a dear friend.|access-date=2008-08-23}}</ref> == Taskaram == Tawtoraaɓe ɓee ko rewɓe fof. Jommbaajo debbo, so ina woodi, ina heewi noddaade, hono no sehilaaɓe jommbaajo oo nii. Miñiraaɓe jommbaajo debbo oo kadi ina keewi noddeede, yummiraaɓe, taaniraaɓe, sukaaɓe ekn ina keewi noddeede fawaade e sifaa kewu nguu e yiɗde peewnoowo e jommbaajo.[citation needed] Ndee hiirde ina heewi yuɓɓineede ko gooto walla ko ɓuri ɗum, hay so tawii noon kala sehil ina waawi yuɓɓinde hiirde ngam teddinde jom suudu. E nder njuɓɓudi, fedde ngam teddinde jommbaajo debbo oo, jommbaajo oo meeɗaa jaɓɓaade ɗum,<ref>{{cite book|last=Martin|first=Judith|author-link=Judith Martin|title=Miss Manners on Weddings|publisher=Crown Publishers|location=New York|year=1999|pages=[https://archive.org/details/missmannersonwed00mart/page/136 136&ndash;137]|isbn=0-609-60431-7|quote=Contrary to rumor, bridesmaids are not obliged to entertain in honor of the bride, nor to wear dresses they cannot afford.|url=https://archive.org/details/missmannersonwed00mart/page/136}}</ref> hay so tawii noon omo waawi tawtoreede e peewnugol mayre. So tawii ko no woorunoo ko gollal jaɓɓiiɗo yoɓde weltaare nde o rokkata hoɓɓe makko, ina heewi e leyɗeele ɗemɗe Engele, tawa tawtoraaɓe ɓee ina ndennda njoɓdi ndee hiirde. So tawii jommbaajo oo ina yoɓa geɗal mum, walla so tawii geɗal mum ina feccii hakkunde tawtoraaɓe woɗɓe, ko yuɓɓinɓe e jommbaajo oo tan njiylotoo e nder daawal gadanal peewnugol ngol. Tawtoreede fedde bachelorette ko huunde nde neɗɗo waawi waɗde, tee jommbaajo debbo heewɓe ina caloo ɗeen fedde haa laaɓa cer. Alaa fof ko jommbaajo debbo walla sehilaaɓe woɗɓe mbaawi ɗaɓɓude ngam tawtoreede walla yoɓde hay huunde e ndee fedde.<ref name="Castaneda-2017">{{Cite news|url=https://health.usnews.com/wellness/articles/2017-07-12/how-to-plan-a-sober-bachelorette-or-bachelor-celebration|title=How to Plan a Sober Bachelorette or Bachelor Celebration|last=Castaneda|first=Ruben|date=12 July 2017|work=U.S. News & World Report|access-date=2018-04-08}}</ref>Nde tawnoo nde ummorii ko e ñaamde njuɓɓudi, fedde bachelorette ina heewi waɗeede kikiiɗe, ko heewi ko ina wona yontere (walla ko famɗi fof balɗe seeɗa) hade dewgal ngal,[1] ina heewi waɗde heen ñaamde, hay so tawii noon laabi goɗɗi ɗii keewaani. == Darnde alkol == E fuɗɗoode teeminannde 21ɓiire, won e lanndaaji bachelor ina luurdi e yarlitaare yi’eteende e nate Hollywood e lanndaaji bachelor.<ref name="Castaneda-20172">{{Cite news|url=https://health.usnews.com/wellness/articles/2017-07-12/how-to-plan-a-sober-bachelorette-or-bachelor-celebration|title=How to Plan a Sober Bachelorette or Bachelor Celebration|last=Castaneda|first=Ruben|date=12 July 2017|work=U.S. News & World Report|access-date=2018-04-08}}</ref> Kono, lanndaaji bachelor sober ɗii ngonaa ko heewi. Heewɓe e jommbaajo debbo e hoɓɓe ina ngondi e ɓuuɓri ngam safrude ñawu nguu walla ina njara ñawu nguu sabu reedu walla cellal, sabu diine, walla sabu ɓe njiɗaa yarde ñawu nguu.<ref name="Petersen-2018">{{Cite news|url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/annehelenpetersen/how-nashville-became-one-big-bachelorette-party|title=How Nashville Became One Big Bachelorette Party|last=Petersen|first=Anne Helen|date=29 March 2018|work=BuzzFeed|access-date=2018-04-09|language=en}}</ref> Lanndaaji sober ina njokki e mahde jokkondiral e golle ko ɓuri heewde e jokkere enɗam e nokku ɗo alkol huutortoo.Wakere Laabi bachelorette keewɗi ina mbaɗee e nder galleeji walla e nder restoraaji saraaji. Won e yimɓe mbaɗta fedde bachelorette e yahdu ñalnde aset to wuro ngoɗngo. Won e gure, ko wayi no Austin wonande yimɓe wonɓe e fuɗnaange-rewo Amerik e Nashville wonande yimɓe wonɓe e Upper Midwest, ina keewi yiɗeede e fedde jommbaajo Ameriknaajo yiɗɓe yahde ñalnde aset, ina mbaawi kadi yoɓde teemedde dolaar e neɗɗo kala ngam heɓde heen humpito. Yimɓe woɗɓe maa njah ko ɓuri woɗɗude e gure ko wayi no Las Vegas. To leydi Angalteer, lanndaaji e nder nokkuuji Orop ɗi ngalaa njoɓdi no feewi ko wayi no Letoni e duuɗe Kanaari ina keewi.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/5101628.stm|title=Stagflation|date=2006-06-21|work=BBC|access-date=2018-04-09|language=en-GB}}</ref> Ina jeyaa e ko addani jommbaajo debbo yahde wuro woɗngo, ko yiɗde waɗde ko seerti e ko ɓe mbaɗata, kono ɓe njiɗaa haɓaade batte renndo potɗe arde so tawii sehilaaɓe, terɗe galle, walla annduɓe golle njiyii ɓe ina mbaɗa ɗum. So tawii lanndaaji bachelor e bachelorette keewɗi cuɓiima gure goote, ɗuum ina waawi addande ɗum en golle ɓeydooje e njulaagu kesi ngam wallitde ɗum en, kono kadi ina addana hoɗɓe e nokkuuji ɗii wullitaade, tawi ina njogii caɗeele e njoɓdi gollal laamu sabu naatgol lanndaaji ɓuuɓɗi e njilluuji yarlitiiɓe. Lanndaaji Stag ngaddi jiiɓru mawndu e nder wuro Riga, Lettonie haa wuro ngo sosi fedde polis teeŋtunde ngam haɓaade lanndaaji bachelor e bachelorette.<ref name="Petersen-20182">{{Cite news|url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/annehelenpetersen/how-nashville-became-one-big-bachelorette-party|title=How Nashville Became One Big Bachelorette Party|last=Petersen|first=Anne Helen|date=29 March 2018|work=BuzzFeed|access-date=2018-04-09|language=en}}</ref> === Alternatiiji === Alternatif ɓurɗo aadaade ko ñalngu nguu, ko sehilaaɓe yumma jommbaajo oo walla yummiraaɓe jommbaajo oo, ko ɓuri heewde ko ñalnde heen ko adii dewgal ngal. Tawtoraaɓe ɓee ko jommbaajo debbo, yummiraaɓe mum en e sehilaaɓe e banndiraaɓe rewɓe ɓadtiiɓe ; kewu nguu ina heewi wonde yontaaji keewɗi ina heen yummiraaɓe e hay neeneeji jommbaajo debbo oo. Faandaare ñalngu nguu ko jommbaajo debbo oo yetta gollodiiɓe mum, ina woodi kadi ko o rokkata kala jommbaajo debbo dokkal tokosal. Ko oon sahaa kadi dokkal jommbaajo debbo, so ina woodi, ina aada rokkeede jommbaajo debbo. So tawii ko kaake, ina waawi wonde heen maandeeji moƴƴi. So tawii fannu maantinɗo e lannda kaa ko rokkude jommbaajo debbo oo dokke tokoose, ndeen noon kewu nguu ina wiyee no haanirta nii ñalngu jommbaajo. Ngam weltinde jommbaajo debbo, ñalɗi jommbaajo ina keewi waɗeede ko adii ñalɗi bachelorette.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Vanderbilt|first1=Amy|last2=Tuckerman|first2=Nancy|last3=Dunnan|first3=Nancy|author1-link=Amy Vanderbilt|title=The Amy Vanderbilt Complete Book of Etiquette|url=https://archive.org/details/amyvanderbiltcom00tuck|url-access=limited|publisher=Doubleday|location=Garden City, N.Y|year=1995|pages=[https://archive.org/details/amyvanderbiltcom00tuck/page/364 364]–365|isbn=0-385-41342-4}}</ref> == Kanadaa == To Kanadaa lannda stag e doe, ina wiyee kadi "Jack e Jill", "buck e doe" walla "hag" (hen + stag), ko lannda mooftugol kaalis, tawi ina waɗi worɓe e rewɓe fof. Ɗeeɗoo kewuuji ko jom en galleeji yiɗɓe woɗɗitaade license jokkondirnde e kewuuji bachelorette keewɗi caggal kitaale 1980, ina ɓeydoo heewde, haa teeŋti noon e feere ngam wallitde dewgal e kaalis. == Tuugnorgal == <references /> fiy7pvaam9pzfvrrpff3vousm6vss97 0 37407 180884 155787 2026-08-04T22:14:54Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180884 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Yaki udon''' (焼きうどん; 'udon ɓuuɓɗo') ko ñaamdu Japonnaajo ɓuuɓndu, ɓuuɓndu, ɓuuɓndu, daneeru, jillondirndu e ɓuuɓri soya, kosam (ko ɓuri heewde ko kosam mbabba), e leɗɗe. Ko nanndi e yakisoba, ko ɗum waɗi karallaagal ɓuuɓngal nanndungal e ngal huutortoo ko noodles alkamaari ramen.Yaki udon ko huunde weeɓnde waɗde, kadi ina anndaa no feewi e izakaya Japon, walla pubs, ñaameteeɗo no ñaamdu jamma. Daartol jaɓaangol no ñaamdu nduu sosiraa, ummorii ko caggal wolde adunaare ɗimmere, nde nguura ŋakki. Joom restoraan noodle biyeteeɗo Darumado huutoriima noodle udon e nder peewnugol yakisoba ɓurngol lollude, sibu noodle potɗe ɗee ngalaa.<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=790800|title=The everything rice cooker cookbook|last=Tay|first=Hui Leng|date=1 January 2010|publisher=Adams Media|isbn=9781440502347|location=Avon, Mass.}}</ref><ref name="Hiroko">{{Cite book|title=Hiroko's American kitchen: cooking with Japanese flavors|url=https://archive.org/details/hirokosamericank0000shim_q7q6|last1=Shimbo|first1=Hiroko|last2=Janisch|first2=Frances|date=1 January 2012|publisher=Andrews McMeel Publishing|isbn=9781449409784|location=Kansas City, Mo.|oclc=783154880}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> s0lwz1sa8t7u6kzdfsculkx4c3exirz 0 37511 180964 156098 2026-08-04T23:40:59Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180964 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Ribollita''' (lit. ‘reboiled’) ko panade Toskaan (suukara mburu keewɗo) waɗeteeɗo e mburu e leɗɗe, heewi ko e heddiiɓe e ñaamdu. Feereeji ina keewi, kono ina heewi wonde ko ɓiɗɓe leɗɗe cannellini, ɓiɗɓe leɗɗe lacinato, kaɓirɗe e leɗɗe ɗe njoɓaaka ko wayi no karaŋ, ɓiɗɓe leɗɗe, ɓiɗɓe leɗɗe, ɓiɗɓe leɗɗe, seleri, pataas e njuumri. Ina heewi waɗeede e lowre loope. : 36 Hono no ko ɓuri heewde e ñaamduuji Toskaan, suukara oo ina jogii iwdi remooɓe. Ko adii fof ko e ɓuuɓnude (walla ɓuuɓnude) minestrone walla suukara leɗɗe keewɗo heddii e ñalawma ɓennuɗo oo e mburu ɓooyɗo. Ɗum ɓuri heewde waɗde ko ñalnde aset, nde tawnoo ko ñaamde koorka ñaametee. Won e binndanɗe ina kollita wonde ɗum ko e yontaaji hakkundeeji, nde gollotooɓe ɓee mooftata mburuuji ɓuuɓɗi e ñaamde e nder ñalɗi jom en jawɗeele en, ɓuuɓna ɗum en ngam ñaamde. Ñaamdu nduu fuɗɗii winndeede ko e hitaande 1910, e nder L’arte cucinaria to Itali, ko Alberto Cougnet [it].<ref name="zeldes">{{Cite web|last=Zeldes|first=Leah A.|author-link=|date=2010-12-08|title=Eat this! ''Ribollita'', ribsticking winter 'soup' from Tuscany|url=http://www.diningchicago.com/blog/2010/12/08/eat-this-ribollita-ribsticking-winter-soup-from-tuscany/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614034522/http://www.diningchicago.com/blog/2010/12/08/eat-this-ribollita-ribsticking-winter-soup-from-tuscany/|archive-date=2012-06-14|access-date=2011-05-18|work=Dining Chicago|publisher=Chicago's Restaurant & Entertainment Guide, Inc.}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Wolfert|first=Paula|title=Mediterranean clay pot cooking : traditional and modern recipes to savor and share|url=https://archive.org/details/mediterraneancla00wolf_0|date=2009|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-0-7645-7633-1|location=Hoboken, N.J.|oclc=298538015}}</ref><ref>''[[Il cucchiaio d'argento]] (The Silver Spoon)'' (2005)</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ribollita|url=https://ricette.giallozafferano.it/Ribollita.html|access-date=2022-06-10|website=Ricette di cucina - Le Ricette di GialloZafferano.it|language=it}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Petroni|first=Paolo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2mx8GUvjR94C&dq=ribollita&pg=PT520|title=Il grande libro della vera cucina toscana|date=2010-11-22|publisher=Giunti Editore|isbn=978-88-09-75434-8|language=it}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> dbzj74tf321yjhaw8kt2hnoxubsn6dv 0 37521 180924 156125 2026-08-04T22:58:04Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180924 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Juuɗe e taƴe ko galle laamu limtaaɗo''' e tolno ɗiɗaɓo to 1 Middle Street, Smithfield, Londres. Ko e dow kampaañ ngam ƴeewde limto ngenndiijo Real Ale e nder Pub taariindi. Nde mahiraa ko e fuɗɗoode-cakkital teeminannde 19ɓiire. Juuɗe e taƴe inniraa ko ñalngu Bartholomew ɓooyngu, waɗnoongu to Smithfield fotde teeminanɗe, ɗo Lord Mayor Londres artata taƴde ɓoggol e taƴre ngam anndude wonde ñalngu nguu fuɗɗiima.<ref name="EnglishHeritage">{{NHLE|desc=Hand and Shears public house|num=1193734|access-date=21 June 2014}}</ref><ref name="Brandwood">{{cite book|last1=Brandwood|first1=Geoff|title=Britain's best real heritage pubs|date=2013|publisher=CAMRA|location=St. Albans|isbn=9781852493042|page=76}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Rennison|first1=Nick|title=The Book of Lists - London|url=https://archive.org/details/bookoflistslondo0000renn_a3a2|date=2006|publisher=Canongate|location=Edinburgh|isbn=9781841959344|page=10}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> mbypkik9d34ru5i8h1326nxl2c6vnzy 0 37599 181126 156387 2026-08-05T02:42:12Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181126 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Suudu Aragon''' ko suudu renndo limtaandu e tolno ɗiɗaɓo to 249 laawol laamɗo keso, Parsons Green, Londres. Nde mahaa ko e hitaande 1805–06, kono mahoowo nde anndaaka. Suudu Aragon heɓi innde mum ko e nokku ɗo galle dowɗo jeyaaɗo e laamɗo debbo biyeteeɗo Catherine mo Aragon, gadano e rewɓe jeegom Henri VIII. Suudu Aragon e suudu Gosford mahaa ko e nokku ɗo binndoowo biyeteeɗo Samuel Richardson hoɗi gila hitaande 1756 haa o maayi e hitaande 1761.<ref name="English Heritage">{{National Heritage List for England|num=1286614|desc=Aragon House|access-date=3 April 2015}}</ref><ref name="Aragon">{{cite web|title=History|url=http://www.aragonhouse.net/history.php|work=Aragon House|publisher=Aragon House|access-date=15 December 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215014503/http://www.aragonhouse.net/history.php|archive-date=15 December 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Weinreb|first=Ben|author-link=Ben Weinreb|title=[[The London Encyclopaedia]]|year=2009|publisher=Macmillan|location=London|isbn=978-1405049252|page=[https://archive.org/details/londonencyclopae0000chri/page/627 627]|edition=3rd}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> mi81d2mckpwfhzwxzjf2zaenmyhbf6d 0 37608 181089 156419 2026-08-05T02:05:03Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181089 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Bertha Louise Townsend''' Toulmin (jibinaa ko Townsend ; 7 marse 1869 – 12 mee 1909) ko debbo tennis ummoriiɗo Amerik. O ɓuri siftoreede ko kanko woni gadano ruttaade e kawgel rewɓe gootol e nder kawgel U.S. Championships (hannde U.S. Open) e hitaande 1888 e hitaande 1889. Ko kanko ƴetti karallaagal les-juɗe.<ref name="collins">{{cite book|last=Collins|first=Bud|author-link=Bud Collins|title=The Bud Collins History of Tennis|url=https://archive.org/details/budcollinshistor0000unse_u7p5|year=2016|publisher=New Chapter Press|location=New York|isbn=978-1-937559-38-0|page=[https://archive.org/details/budcollinshistor0000unse_u7p5/page/694 694]|edition=3rd}}</ref> O naatnaa e suudu tennis hakkunde leyɗeele e hitaande 1974.<ref>{{cite web|title=Hall of Famers - Bertha Townsend Toulmin|url=http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/bertha-townsend-toulmin|publisher=ITF|accessdate=22 April 2012}}</ref> == Final Slam mawɗo == Gooto (tiitoonde 2, 1 ɗiɗaɓo) Result Hitaande Kaɓirɗe Surface Gaño Score Nasaraaku kawtal lesdi Amerika nder hitaande 1888 Ellen Hansell 6-3, 6-5 Nasaraaku 1889 haa kawtal lesɗe Amerika huɗo Lida Voorhees 7-5, 6-2 Majjugol 1890 e kawgel Amerik Ellen Roosevelt 2-6, 2-6 Ɗiɗi (1 tiitoonde, 1 ɗiɗaɓere) Result Hitaande Kaɓirɗe Surface Partner Luutndiiɓe Score Naatde e hitaande 1889 e kawgel Amerik Huɗo Amerik Margarette Ballard Amerik Marion Wright Leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik Laura Nait 6-2, 6-0 Losko 1890 Kaɓirɗe Amerik Huɗo Amerik Margarette Ballard Amerik Grace Roosevelt Leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik Ellen Rusvelt 1-6, 2-6 == Tuugnorgal == 22lor39yxc013p5qpf4tvzc2zd05js1 0 37611 181009 156433 2026-08-05T00:44:04Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181009 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Karin Kiefer Smith''' (jibinaa ko ñalnde 4 ut 1955, to Fürstenfeldbruck, to Bavaria) ko debbo jolfo jolngo, ummoriiɗo Amerik. O jibinaa ko to leydi Almaañ. Ko o Olimpiyanke laabi tati. Smith heɓi nayaɓal, kippu Olimpiyaaji Amerik 1980, kono o waawaano tawtoreede sabu boykot Olimpiyaaji 1980. O heɓii, kono, gooto e 461 Medaal kaŋŋe Kongres sosaa haa teeŋti e atletee en spurned.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Caroccioli|first1=Tom|last2=Caroccioli|first2=Jerry|title=Boycott: Stolen Dreams of the 1980 Moscow Olympic Games|url=https://archive.org/details/boycottstolendre0000cara|year=2008|publisher=New Chapter Press|location=Highland Park, IL|isbn=978-0942257403|pages=[https://archive.org/details/boycottstolendre0000cara/page/243 243]–253}}</ref> Maande makko ɓurnde moƴƴude e nguurndam makko ko 212 feet, 6 inches e lewru ut 1980.<ref>{{Cite news|date=March 25, 1981|title=Poly adds javelin star|pages=B4|work=San Luis Obispo Telegram-Tribune}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Ahrendes|first=Vern|date=April 9, 1981|title=Former Olympian debuts at Cal Poly|pages=9|work=Mustang Daily}}</ref> == Nguurndam puɗɗam e nafoore kolees == Caggal nde o heɓi bak makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde La Jolla, Smith fuɗɗii yahde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde UCLA hade makko yahde janngude to Almaañ e hitaande 1977.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Wallner|first=Peter J.|date=June 18, 1992|title=Trials culmination of work for local athletes|pages=B2|work=San Luis Obispo Telegram-Tribune}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Woolum|first=Janet|title=Outstanding Women Athletes|url=https://archive.org/details/outstandingwomen0000wool_f5l2|publisher=Oryx Press|year=1998|isbn=9781573561204|pages=[https://archive.org/details/outstandingwomen0000wool_f5l2/page/375 375]|language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=June 5, 1982|title=Smith first at NCAA meet|pages=B1|work=San Luis Obispo Telegram-Tribune}}</ref><ref>2021 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track & Field Record Book</ref> Ndeen Smith artii e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde, winnditii to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Cal Poly to San Luis Obispo. Nde o woni to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Cal Poly, o heɓi njeenaari Broderick (jooni njeenaari Honda Sports) ngam wonde debbo ɓurɗo waawde e nder leydi ndii e nder hitaande 1982. E Smith ardii laawol, Mustangs heɓi njeenaari 1981 AIAW Division II kawgel ngenndiwal nden ɓe fuɗɗiti haa NCAA D-II kawtal lesdiwal gadanal hawti e hitaande 1982. E wakkati nde Division II keɓooɓe ndeen kadi mbaawi tawtoreede kawgel Division I, Smith heɓi njeenaari NCAA Division I javelin ngenndiwal gootol. ñalnde 4 lewru juko hitaande 1982 e maande 206 meeteer, 9 inch, joginooɗo limre kewuuji kala sahaa e diisnondiral gadanal ngal. Kawgel hakkunde leyɗeele == Wakiiliijo leydi Amerik == Hitaande Nokku Position Notes Pijirlooji Olimpiyaaji 1976 Montréal, Kanadaa 8ɓo 57,50 m 1983 Kaɓirɗe winndere Helsinki, Finlande 10ɓo 59,76 m Pijirlooji Olimpiyaaji 1984 Los Angeles, Amerik 8ɓo 62,06 m Pijirlooji Olimpiyaaji 1988 Seoul, Koree worgo 20ɓo 57,94 m 1990 Pijirlooji moƴƴere Seattle, Amerik 3ɓo 58,94 m 1991 Kaɓirɗe winndere Tokiyoo, Japon 13ɓo 60,34 m == Tuugnorgal == 6wtpqaegdplf9c84cljdvpimebe1cx2 0 37617 180802 156449 2026-08-04T20:45:05Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180802 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Khauk swè thoke''' (Birmaani: ခေါက်ဆွဲသုပ် ; ina wiyee [khaʊʔ swɛ́ θoʊʔ]; lit. 'salad noodle') ko ñaamdu salad thoke e nder ñaamdu Birmani. Salad noodle alkamaari, ina waɗee e ƴiye joorɗe, e kaalis ɓuuɓɗo, e karaŋ, e ɓuuɓri liɗɗi, e lime e ɓoornaade nebam njuumri ɓuuɓɗam. Caggal wolde adunaare ɗiɗmere, ko ina ɓura 300 000 leñol Inndonaaɓe wonɓe to Birmani, ina heen Tamil en ummoriiɓe Tamil Nadu, Telugu en ummoriiɓe Andhra Pradesh e Marwari en ummoriiɓe diiwaan Marwar to Rajasthan Inndo, ngummii Inndo. Caggal nde ɓe ngarti e leydi Indiya, ɓe ngaddi pinal maɓɓe nguura kadi e maɓɓe. To wuro wiyeteengo Thanjavur, to leydi Tamil Nadu, eggooɓe ina njeeya khauk swe, ko ɗum huunde nde heewɓe ñaametee e nokku biyeteeɗo Koloni Birmani. To wuro Chennai, to leydi Inndo, ko yeeyooɓe laabi yeeyooɓe mbaydi ñaamdu nduu, ina wiyee atho (e ɗemngal Birmani: အသုပ်).<ref>{{Cite book|last=Robert|first=Claudia Saw Lwin|title=The Food of Myanmar: Authentic Recipes from the Land of the Golden Pagodas|url=https://archive.org/details/foodofmyanmaraut0000unse|last2=Pe|first2=Win|last3=Hutton|first3=Wendy|date=2014-02-04|publisher=Tuttle Publishing|isbn=978-1-4629-1368-8|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-06-29|title=Burmese food in Namma Chennai: From atho to bejo, Parrys Corner has it all|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/burmese-food-namma-chennai-atho-bejo-parrys-corner-has-it-all-83922|access-date=2020-12-29|website=The News Minute|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Sarkar|first=Arita|date=2012-07-09|title=Noodles, garnished with a tinge of Burma|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/life-and-style/noodles-garnished-with-a-tinge-of-burma/article3617306.ece|access-date=2020-12-29|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> jtqmpx4b07waw00vgdajg5k8wfz5oeq 0 37625 180822 156473 2026-08-04T21:04:24Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180822 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Sate Bandeng''' ko ñaamdu aadaaji Sundaannaaɓe lollundu, ummoriindu Banten, diiwaan sara Jakarta, to leydi Indoneesi. Sate Bandeng ko liɗɗi ɓuuɓɗi (Chanos chanos ; e ɗemngal Indoneesi : ikan Bandeng) ɓuuɓɗi e ɓalndu mum e dow ɓuuɓri bamɗi e dow ɓuuɓri kuuraa.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2006/02/05/dinner-baby-shark-south-banten.html|title=Dinner with a baby shark in South Banten|author=Suryatini N. Ganie|date=5 February 2006|newspaper=[[The Jakarta Post]]|archive-date=4 March 2016|access-date=27 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304141551/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2006/02/05/dinner-baby-shark-south-banten.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://travel.kompas.com/read/2009/07/29/09412274/Gurihnya.Sate.Bandeng.Khas.Banten|title=Gurihnya Sate Bandeng Khas Banten|date=29 July 2009|publisher=[[kompas.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DYJLmXTPFyoC&pg=PA166|title=Masakan Indonesia|publisher=[[Gramedia Pustaka Utama]]|year=2008|author=Yasa Boga|isbn=9792234454|page=166}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xn-VdElNGpgC&pg=PA81|title=Ragam Olahan Bandeng|publisher=[[Penerbit Kanisius]]|year=2007|isbn=979211730X|author1=Ida Purnomowati|author2=Diana Hidayati|author3=Cahyo Saparinto|page=81}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Indonesian Kitchen: Recipes and Stories|url=https://archive.org/details/indonesiankitche0000owen|author=Sri Owen|publisher=Interlink Publishing Group|year=2008|isbn=1566567394}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> p7ucrnyqea3903b9c8h9s97vdr75h9e 0 37629 181153 156484 2026-08-05T03:05:39Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181153 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Louise Dorothy Ritter''' (jibinaa ko 18 feebariyee 1958) ko Ameriknaajo gonnooɗo daɗndoowo, dañɗo njeenaari kaŋŋe e diwgol toowngol e Pijirlooji Olimpiyaaji 1988.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Caroccioli|first1=Tom|last2=Caroccioli|first2=Jerry|title=Boycott: Stolen Dreams of the 1980 Moscow Olympic Games|url=https://archive.org/details/boycottstolendre0000cara|year=2008|publisher=New Chapter Press|location=Highland Park, IL|isbn=978-0942257403|pages=[https://archive.org/details/boycottstolendre0000cara/page/243 243]–253}}</ref> == Nguurndam == Ritter heɓiino jeyeede e kippu Olimpiyaaji Amerik e hitaande 1980 kono o waawaano tawtoreede sabu boykot Olimpiyaaji 1980. O heɓii, kono, gooto e 461 Medaal kaŋŋe Kongres sosaa haa teeŋti e atletee en spurned.<ref>{{cite Sports-Reference|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ri/louise-ritter-1.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200417174253/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ri/louise-ritter-1.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-04-17}}</ref> Ritter heɓi njeenaari kaŋŋe e nder diwgol toowngol rewɓe e Olimpiyaaji 1988 to Seoul, Koree worgo. E waɗde ɗum o mettini Stefka Kostadinova, kaɓantooɗo winndere ndee jooni, jogiiɗo limre winndereere e nder hiirde ndee. O heɓi dipolom makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Red Oak, jooni o jogii ko mbedda ina inniri ɗum[citation needed] e nder wuro makko ɓooyngo wiyeteengo Red Oak, Texas. O heɓi bak makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Texas Woman e hitaande 1988 ɗo o woni e hoodere gardiiɗo Olimpiyaade Amerik biyeteeɗo Dr. Bert Lyle. Ritter naatnaa e suudu mawndu coftal ɓalli e Texas, e hitaande 2012, e suudu mawndu atletee en USTFCCCA e hitaande 2024. == Baɗte == Laabi 4 ko kaɓantooɗo leydi Amerik (1978, 1983, 1985, 1986) Laabi 3 keɓii ñalɗi Olimpiyaaji Amerik (1980, 1984, 1988) Tesko : E kitaale 1980, kawgel Amerik e jarribooji Olimpiyaaji Amerik ko kewuuji ceertuɗi. Hitaande Nokku Position Notes Wakiiliijo leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik Kop aduna 1977 Duseldorf, Almaañ 4ɓo 1,83 m 1979 Pijirlooji Pan Amerik San Juan, Porto Riko 1ɓo 1,93 m Kop winndere Montreal, Kanadaa 5ɓo 1,87 m 1983 Kaɓirɗe winndere Helsinki, Finlande 3ɓo 1,95 m Pijirlooji Olimpiyaaji 1984 Los Angeles, Amerik 8ɓo 1,91 m 1986 Pijirlooji moƴƴere Mosku, Dental Sowiyet 8ɓo 1,89 m 1987 Kaɓirɗe winndere Rome, Itali 8ɓo 1,93 m Pijirlooji Olimpiyaaji 1988 Seoul, Koree worgo 1ɓo 2,03 m == Tuugnorgal == 4477qs28azq5v3l5k4h6ms2rhglop5b 0 37685 180844 156688 2026-08-04T21:27:36Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180844 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Kosam''' les e ɗemngal Engele Amerik, vest e ɗemngal Engele Angalteer e Afrik worgo, baniyan e nder duunde Inndo, walla singlet e nder Ostarali e Nuwel Selannde, ko huunde nde limce ɓoornetee les limce ngam welde walla ngam reende ɗum e ɓuuɓri ɓanndu e uurngol. Ina waawi wonde juuɗe juutɗe (T-shirt) walla tawa juuɗe mum ngalaa (A-shirt). Leydi ina waawi ɓoorneede ngam hisnude ɓanndu nduu e mbaydi tiiɗndi walla ndi weldaani. Ina addana kadi limce ɓoornungal ustaade laaɓal, ina moofta ɓuuɓri ndi so wonaa ɗuum ina ɓuuɓna mbaydi limce ɗee. Ina waawi ɓoorneede e lebbi cooyɗi ngam ɓeydude nguleeki, kadi ina usta ɓoorneede e dow laylayti toowɗi koltu. Tariya Undershirts peewnaaɗi e usineeji keewɗi mbaɗti heewde e nder Hirnaange e fuɗɗoode teeminannde 20ɓiire, e peeje kese ngam waylude kostim senndikaa oo e pecce ɗiɗi, ngam ɓanndu dow e les. Nokkuuji les limce A-shirt gooto Kosam ɗam alaa juuɗe, anndiraaɗam kadi A-shirt, tank top, ina waɗi ɓulli juuɗe mawɗi, ɓulli wutte mawɗi, ina rokka kadi ndeenka seeɗa e ɓuuɓri ɓalndu. T-shirt crew neck ina jogii wutte toowɗo, ina heewi ɗaɓɓude limce butoŋ timmuɗe ngam waasde yiyeede. T-shirt mo wutte V ina waɗi wutte V. Ɗuum ina addana ɓoorniiɗo ɗum oo udditde butoŋ toowɗo oo, tawa les oo yiyaaka. T-shirt mo juuɗe juutɗe ina jogii juuɗe juutɗe, ina waawi kadi waɗeede e insulation ɓeydiiɗo ngam huutoraade e sahaa cooyɗo. Kamisole ko limce lesɗe rewɓe. Vest string ko comci lesɗi peewnaaɗi e mbaydi mesh, ina nannga poosuuji henndu jooɗndu ngam waɗde ko ina haɗa nguleeki.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Esquire: the handbook of style : a man's guide to looking good|url=https://archive.org/details/esquirehandbooko0000unse|date=2009-01-01|publisher=Hearst Books|isbn=9781588167460|location=New York, NY|language=en|oclc=217263653}}</ref><ref name="aom">{{cite web|last1=Centeno|first1=Antonio|title=A Man's Guide to Undershirts: History, Styles, and Which to Wear|url=https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/mans-guide-to-undershirts/|website=The Art of Manliness|date=28 June 2013|access-date=28 January 2020|archive-date=6 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206211938/https://www.artofmanliness.com/style/clothing/mans-guide-to-undershirts/|url-status=live}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> f2ln0ecjygpth20rhks6ifebtchppxl 0 37709 181189 156745 2026-08-05T03:46:06Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181189 wikitext text/x-wiki == '''Koroloji''' (gila e ɗemngal Gerek χῶρος, khōros, "nokku, nokku"; e -λογία, -logia) ina waawi firtude == == janngugol jokkondire sabaabu hakkunde geɗe joopaaɗe e nder diiwaan keeriiɗo == == janngugol peccitagol tagooje e nder nokkuuji (biogeography). == == Huwugo be == == Geɗel gootel biyeteeɗo Strabo (64 walla 63 ko adii jibineede Iisaa – 24 caggal jibineede Iisaa) winndii e deftere mum Geographica wonde geɗel gootel ko "neɗɗo etaade siftinde geɗe leydi" (e ɗemngal Gerek, chorographein).<ref>{{Cite web|date=nd|title=chorology (or chorography)|url=http://www.geodz.com/eng/d/chorology-or-chorography/chorology-or-chorography.htm|access-date=2025-03-28|website=Geodz}}</ref> == == E teeminannde noogasɓiire, ganndo leydi Almaañnaajo biyeteeɗo Alfred Hettner huutoriima helmere ndee : == == Faandaare yi’annde koroloji ko anndude sifaaji diiwanuuji e nokkuuji rewrude e faamde gonndigal e jokkondire hakkunde fannuuji goongaaji ceertuɗi e peeñgol mum en ceertungol, e faamde dow leydi ndii fof e nder yuɓɓo mum tigi-rigi e nder duuɗe, diiwanuuji mawɗi e tokoosi, e nokkuuji. == == — Alfred Hettner[ko laaɓtaani no feewi ngam hoolkisaade]. == == Kartal peccitagol leɗɗe Holly (Quercus ilex, nokku naftowal e naatɗo) e leɗɗe Holm (Quercus rotundifolia, nokku jooni). == == To Amerik, Richard Hartshorne golliima e miijo ngoo kadi.<ref>{{cite book|title=Place, A Short Introduction|url=https://archive.org/details/placeshortintrod0000cres|first=Tim|last=Cresswell|publisher=Wiley|year=2004}}</ref> == == Helmere nde ko Ferdinand von Richthofen huutorii nde..<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.valpo.edu/geomet/geo/courses/geo466/topics/germany.html|title=GEO 466/566: The Profession of Geography|publisher=Valparaiso University|date=2 October 1996|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211150811/http://www.valpo.edu/geomet/geo/courses/geo466/topics/germany.html|archive-date=11 February 2012}}</ref> == == Ikon Stub == == Ndee winndannde jowitiinde e joogaraafi ko lowre. Aɗa waawi wallude Wikipedia e ɓeydude heen kabaruuji ŋakkuɗi. == == Ƴeew kadi == == Korogaraafi == == Koora == ====== Tuugnorgal ====== 2m8emi7l91pms14l781xqvywarwz4ds 0 37814 180956 156983 2026-08-04T23:34:31Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180956 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hakindo jibinannde''' (GRR) ko limre ɓiɓɓe rewɓe ɓe debbo heɓata so tawii o wuurii duuɓi jibinannde mum fof, ɗum noon ko ina wona duuɓi 45, tawa ina fawii e tolno jibinannde e tolno jibinannde e nder oon sahaa fof. Ndee ɗoo tolno ko peeje lomto jibinannde so tawii maayde alaa e eɓɓoore ndee. .<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/gross+reproduction+rate|title=gross reproduction rate|work=TheFreeDictionary.com|access-date=2017-04-05}}</ref>Ina heewi ƴeewteede ko no yonta ɓiɓɓe rewɓe lomtotoo yonta rewɓe ɓennuɗo oo. So tawii nafoore ndee fotndii e ko hollirta ko rewɓe lomtotoo koye mum en. So tawii nafoore ndee ɓurii gooto ko hollirta wonde yonta garoowo oo maa ɓur yonta jooni oo. So tawii nafoore ndee ina famɗi ko hollirta wonde yontaaji garooji ɗii maa ustoy yontaaji jooni ɗii..<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Population: An introduction to Concepts and Issues|url=https://archive.org/details/populationintrod0000john|last=Weeks|first=John R.|publisher=Cengage Learning|year=2014|isbn=978-1-305-09450-5|location=Boston, MA|pages=227–228}}</ref> Hakindo jibinannde mawnde ina nanndi e hakindo jibinannde (NRR), woni hakindo ɓiɓɓe rewɓe ɓe debbo heɓata so tawii o wuurii e nguurndam mum tawa ina fawii e hakindo jibinannde e maayde e nder oon sahaa fof..<ref name=":02">{{Cite book|title=Population: An introduction to Concepts and Issues|url=https://archive.org/details/populationintrod0000john|last=Weeks|first=John R.|publisher=Cengage Learning|year=2014|isbn=978-1-305-09450-5|location=Boston, MA|pages=227–228}}</ref> Foormulaaji G R R = Σ GOOTO S F R f ′ × 5 {\hollirde GRR=\Sigma ASFR_{f'}\laabi 5}[2] <nowiki>*</nowiki>Tesko-ɗen wonde en ɓeydaaki 1 000 sabu njeñtudi ndi wonande rewɓe gooto gooto wonaa e 1 000 debbo. Ƴeew kadi Hakindo jibinannde laaɓtunde Sub-lomto jibinannde Toɓɓere jibinannde fof == Tuugnorgal == 26nzvo91smanieflgl5l6mi833cvz5w 0 37817 181046 156989 2026-08-05T01:23:14Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181046 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gravesend Bay''' ko maayo ɓuuɓngo jokkondirngo e maayo Hudson, e maayo Coney, e maayo New York les, e maayo Sheepshead. Nde woni ko e nder maayo New York-New Jersey, nde woni ko e fuɗnaange-rewo Pont Verrazzano-Narrows, nde taarii maayo Narrows. Ina heewi huutoreede no nokku ɗo laanaaji njolnata ngam kisal nokku mum keeriiɗo ina rokka laanaaji..<ref>{{cite book|title=Port Newark and the Origins of Container Shipping|first=Angus Kress|last=Gillespie|year=2022|chapter=From the Oceans to the Docks|publisher=[[Rutgers University Press]]|isbn=9781978818729}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Anchorage Information : Gravesend Bay|url=https://www.waterwayguide.com/anchorage/2-2501/gravesend-bay|publisher=Waterway Guide|access-date=14 August 2025|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Tide Predictions - NOAA Tides & Currents: 8517811 GRAVESEND BAY, NORTON PT. BKLN, NY|url=https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/noaatidepredictions.html?id=8517811|website=tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov|access-date=14 August 2025}}</ref> Gravesend Bay ko laawol eggugol dolfinuuji ɓuuɓɗi e won e mbaydiiji baleeji.[4] Feccere e nokkuure Dyker Beach e nokkuure golf, nokkuure Bensonhurst, nokkuure Calvert Vaux e nokkuure Coney Island Creek ina ɓadii Gravesend Bay.[5] Koɗkiiji e nder Brooklyn jogiiɗi daande maayo ina mbaɗi damal maayo, maayo Bath, Gravesend, e Dyker Heights. Koɗorɗe worgo-fuɗnaange duunde Coney ina ngoni e maayo Gravesend. Tariya Ñalnde 21 lewru bowte hitaande 1776, Angalteer jippini konu mum e daande maayo Gravestone Bay e balɗe garooje hare Long Island e nder wolde Amerik.[6] E fuɗɗoode teeminannde 20ɓiire, bay oo wonnoo ko galle fedde diwooje laanaaji diwooje anndaande e nder winndere ndee..<ref>{{cite book|title=Going Coastal, New York City: A Guide to the Waterfront|url=https://archive.org/details/goingcoastalnewy0000laro|first=Barbara|last=La Rocco|year=2003|isbn=9780972980302|publisher=Going Coastal, Inc.|page=[https://archive.org/details/goingcoastalnewy0000laro/page/67 67]}}</ref> Galle Bay Gravesend no yiyraa e daande maayo to Gravesend, Brooklyn. Ponto Verrazzano–Narrows ina yiyee e caggal. Bay Gravesend no yiyraa e daande maayo to Gravesend, Brooklyn. Ponto Verrazzano–Narrows ina yiyee e caggal. Gravesend Bay, ko nate nebam ɗe Irving Ramsey Wiles waɗi. Gravesend Bay, ko nate nebam ɗe Irving Ramsey Wiles waɗi. 1814 eɓɓoore, Jippagol konu to Gravesend Bay e gardagol Sir George Collier, R.N, aquatint. 1814 eɓɓoore, Jippagol konu to Gravesend Bay e gardagol Sir George Collier, R.N, aquatint. Bay Gravesend nder hitaande 1788. Bay Gravesend nder hitaande 1788. == Tuugnorgal == cfyt2eedr5pkuv295meg02oetq1xwiu 0 37826 180885 157013 2026-08-04T22:16:07Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180885 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Barathea''', sahaa e sahaa fof ina winndee barrathea, ko mbaydi softeende, jogiinde ƴiye ɓuuɓɗe, rokkata ɓalewol ɓuuɓngol walla ɓuuɓngol, tawa ina waɗi batte ɓuuɓɗe dogduɗe nano e ñaamo. Fuɗɗaade wonde ko mbaydi mbaylaandi ngam ɓoornaade comci mettuɗi e kitaale 1840, nde ƴetti duuɓi capanɗe keewɗi haa nde wonti mbaydi teskinndi ngam waɗde geɗe goɗɗe, sabu jokkondiral mayre e majjere. Yarngooji kuutorteeɗi ɗii ko jillondiral ceertungal, ko wayi no wutteeji, silki e cotton. Worsted barathea (waɗetee ko e mbaydi ɓuuɓndi) ina heewi huutoreede e mbaydiiji jammaaji, ko wayi no mbaydiiji ɓoornanteeri, mbaydiiji jamma, e mbaydiiji konu, e ɓaleejo e bulo hakkunde jamma. Barathea silk, woni silk fof, walla huutoraade weft cotton e warp silk, ina huutoree no feewi e nder gollordu karabaat.<ref name="Bennet">{{cite book|author=Frank P. Bennett|title=A Cotton Fabrics Glossary|publisher=Frank P. Bennett & Co.|location=[[Guilford, Connecticut|Guilford, Ct.]]|url=https://archive.org/details/acottonfabricsg00cogoog|quote=Barathea.|pages=[https://archive.org/details/acottonfabricsg00cogoog/page/n586 684]|year=1914}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=The Victorian Tailor: An Introduction to Period Tailoring|last=MacLochlainn|first=Jason|publisher=St. Martin's Griffin|year=2011|isbn=9780312642334|pages=49}}</ref><ref name="Flusser02">{{cite book|title=Dressing the Man: Mastering the Art of Permanent Fashion|url=https://archive.org/details/dressingmanmaste0000flus|last=Flusser|first=Alan|author-link=Alan Flusser|year=2002|publisher=[[HarperCollins]]|isbn=0-06-019144-9|page=[https://archive.org/details/dressingmanmaste0000flus/page/278 278]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.everyspec.com/MIL-SPECS/MIL-SPECS-MIL-C/MIL-C-3727F_12780/|title=''MIL-C-3727F, Military Specification for Cloth, Barathea, Wool''|publisher=U.S. Department of Defense|date=1987-12-18|access-date=2013-12-04}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> ffa3j5vk6svuw0bek11ojkuy67p4tc2 0 37875 181138 157151 2026-08-05T02:52:29Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181138 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Palla''' ko wutte walla mantel ɓuuɓɗo, ɓuuɓnaaɗo e ɓanndu. Ko rewɓe (alɗuɓe) Roomnaaɓe ɓoornotonoo ɗum yaasi galle. Ko ɗum mbaydi luggiɗndi e pallium worɓe Roomnaaɓe. Palla ko mantol ɓooyngol ngol rewɓe ɓoornotonoo, ngol rewrata e broosuuji. Sifaa oo ko njuuteendi njuuteendi, wonaa semi-cirkulaar, hono no togaaji gaadanteeji nii. Gartirgol ngol ina yahra e teeminannde 3ɓiire ko adii jibineede Iisaa, kono sifaa gartirgol ngol ina foti ɓurde ɓooyde no feewi. E nder binndol latin, helmere palla ndee ina huutoree e mbaadiiji ɗiɗi. Ina waawi hollirde wonaa tan ɓuuɓri, kono kadi ɓuuɓri ndi njuuteendi mum tolnii e koyɗe, ndi jokkere enɗam (walla ɓuuɓri) ɓoorneteendi to bannge ɓalndu. Ɗiɗaɓo oo ko mbaydi ɓoornagol keewndi e nder winndere Mediteraane ndee kala. E nder pinal Gerek en, ɗum wiyetee ko peplos. E nder pinal Room, so matron Room ɓoornii ɗum, ina ƴetta kadi innde stola.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Radicke|first=Jan|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110711554-019/html|title=palla|publisher=De Gruyter|year=2022|isbn=978-3-11-071155-4|location=Berlin|language=en|doi=10.1515/9783110711554-019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Wilson|first=L. M.|title=The Clothing of the Ancient Romans|publisher=Johns Hopkins Press|year=1938|pages=148–150}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Scholz|first=Birgit Ingrid|title=Untersuchungen zur Tracht der römischen matrona|publisher=Böhlau|year=1992|isbn=3-412-01491-5|location=Cologne|pages=100–106|oclc=27443395}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Cleland|first1=Liza|title=Greek and Roman dress from A to Z|url=https://archive.org/details/greekromandressf0000clel|last2=Davies|first2=Glenys|last3=Llewellyn-Jones|first3=Lloyd|publisher=Routledge|others=Glenys Davies, Lloyd Llewellyn-Jones|year=2007|isbn=978-0-415-22661-5|location=London|pages=[https://archive.org/details/greekromandressf0000clel/page/136 136]–137|oclc=122309175}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=James|first1=Sharon L.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0NYdCgAAQBAJ|title=A Companion to Women in the Ancient World|last2=Dillon|first2=Sheila|date=2015-06-15|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-119-02554-2|pages=485|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0QtXAAAAMAAJ&q=Palla+is+a+traditional+ancient+Roman+mantle+worn+by+women|title=Encyclopedia Britannica|date=1970|publisher=Encyclopedia Britannica, Incorporated|pages=681|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Radicke|first=Jan|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110711554-019/html|title=palla|publisher=De Gruyter|year=2022|isbn=978-3-11-071155-4|location=Berlin|pages=292–297|language=|doi=10.1515/9783110711554-019}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> o60ho33phfoqumsi85fjftcz7blg9pi 0 37890 181053 157184 2026-08-05T01:30:20Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181053 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Kappi Ascot''', anndiraango kadi kappi Coffey walla kappi Lippincott, ko kappi worɓe tiiɗɗi nannduɗi e kappi ɓuuɓɗi, kono ina seerti e tiiɗnaare mum e mbaadi mum cirƴaandi. Kappiiji Ascot ina keewi waɗeede e ƴiye walla e ƴiye felt e ɓoorneede e ndunngu walla e ndunngu, kono Ascots huɗo ina woodi kadi ngam dumunna ɓurɗo welde. Nanduɗo e kaɓirgal ɓuuɓngal, nder mum ligginaaka e silki kono diisnondiral udditiingal e softeende felt ina rokka haa jooni wellitaare e wellitaare. Sifaa oo ina yahra e hitaande 1900.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Lambeth|first1=Cheralyn|title=Creating the Character Costume: Tools, Tips, and Talks with Top Costumers and Cosplayers|url=https://archive.org/details/creatingcharacte0000lamb|date=25 November 2016|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-317-59796-4|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Woolnough|first1=Richard|title=The A to Z Book of Menswear|date=June 2013|publisher=The A to Z Book of Menswear|isbn=978-1-897403-25-9|language=en}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> 8tqy6lwh7xr868xcka3rz0rdok6p8yp 0 37891 180945 157187 2026-08-04T23:20:13Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180945 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Hook belt''' ko kaɓirgal ngam jokkondirde ko adii jokkere belt. Tariya Asii fuɗnaange Hook beldital Fuɗnaange-Han Seedeeji arkewolosi ɓurɗi ɓooyde e jokkere enɗam, ko e teeminannde 7ɓiire ko adii jibineede Iisaa, to Asii fuɗnaange. Hookeeji belɗi ina mbaɗee e njamndi mboɗeeri, e njamndi mboɗeeri, e kaŋŋe e jade. Binndanɗe ummoriiɗe e jamaanu Dowlaaji wolde Siin ina mbiya wonde jokkere enɗam ummorii ko e hoɗɓe e Asii hakkundeejo, hay so tawii noon jokkere enɗam tawaama e Siin ko adii Dowlaaji wolde. Aadaaji pucci, ɗi puɗɗii ko jananɓe Siin, ina njokkondiri no feewi e ɓoornaade paɗe belɗe, ko noon kadi jokkere enɗam wontiri e sifaaji eksotisme "barbaric". Ko noon ne kadi, hoodere ndee wontiri huunde miijo estetik. Yeru, Qu Yuan (hedde 340-278 ko adii jibineede Iisaa) ina nanndini rewɓe belɓe e jokkere enɗam xianbei (鮮卑). Orop Hookeeji belɗi ina tawee kadi e nokkuuji arkewolosi Seltik.<ref name="Kipfer">{{cite book|last=Kipfer|first=Barbara Ann|date=30 April 2000|page=[https://archive.org/details/encyclopedicdict0000kipf/page/64 64]|title=Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology|url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopedicdict0000kipf|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-0-306-46158-3}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last=Mair|first=Victor H.|year=2006|title=Kinesis versus Stasis, Interaction versus Independent Invention|editor1-last=Mair|editor1-first=Victor H.|pages=1–2|editor2-last=Bentley|editor2-first=Jerry H.|editor3-last=Yang|editor3-first=Anand A.|encyclopedia=Contact and Exchange in the Ancient World|publisher=University of Hawai‘i Press|url=http://www.uhpress.hawaii.edu/books/mair-contact-intro.pdf <!--|access-date=27 February 2015-->|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054625/http://www.uhpress.hawaii.edu/books/mair-contact-intro.pdf|archive-date=4 March 2016}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> 5nrw95ela5b48vxv5xzqejm6ytvx91i 0 37925 181172 157342 2026-08-05T03:29:49Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181172 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Reedu peascod''' ko sifaa reedu ɓuuɓndu, ɓurndu heewde yimɓe e ɓoornaade comci worɓe e cagataagal teeminannde 16ɓiire e puɗal teeminannde 17ɓiire. Helmere ndee wiyaama ummorii ko e "peacock", hay so tawii noon ina gasa tawa nde ummorii ko e nanndiral mbaadi reedu e nder mbaydi (profil) e peapod, sibu "peascod" ko mbaadi konngol ngol ɓooyngol. Armor plaque jamaanu ina koppi ndeeɗoo silhouette mojobere, nde won heen mbiyatnoo ko "reedu goose". E darorɗe teeminannde 16ɓiire reedu ɓuuɓndu nduu ina paddoo ngam yaltude, kono, e hitaande 1625, paddorde ndee ɓeydii renndinde ko no feewi e dow nokku keeci oo.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Tortora|first1=Phyllis G.|last2=Eubank|first2=Keith|title=Survey of Historic Costume|date=2005|publisher=Fairchild|location=New York|page=175|edition=4th}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/peascod|title=Peascod (archaic)|author=<!--Not stated-->|website=Wiktionary|publisher=Wikimedia|access-date=December 29, 2024|quote=}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author1=François Boucher|author-link=Francois Boucher (art historian)|author2=Yvonne Deslandres|author2-link=Yvonne Deslandres|title=[[20,000 Years of Fashion]]: the history of costume and personal adornment|date=1987|publisher=Harry N. Abrams|location=New York|isbn=0-8109-1693-2|page=[https://archive.org/details/20000yearsoffash0000bouc/page/228 228]|edition=Expanded}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Bradley|first1=Carolyn G.|title=Western world costume: an outline history|date=2001|publisher=Dover Publications|location=Mineola, N.Y.|isbn=9780486419862|page=174|edition=Dover|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xUmH6pSJw00C&pg=PA174}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Harvey|first1=Sara M.|editor1-last=Condra|editor1-first=Jill|title=The Greenwood encyclopedia of clothing through world history|date=2008|publisher=Greenwood Press|location=Westport, Conn. [u.a.]|isbn=9780313336645|page=125|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S8bTzilz1BMC&pg=PA125|chapter=The Seventeenth Century}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Harvey|first1=Sara M.|editor1-last=Condra|editor1-first=Jill|title=The Greenwood encyclopedia of clothing through world history|date=2008|publisher=Greenwood Press|location=Westport, Conn. [u.a.]|isbn=9780313336645|page=70|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S8bTzilz1BMC&pg=PA70|chapter=The Northern Renaissance}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> dqtvarm261wsscivtv5mdx4veeq6eb2 0 37940 180928 157385 2026-08-04T23:02:39Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180928 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Paenula''' walla casula ko comci ɗi Roomnaaɓe ɓoornotonoo, nannduɗi e poncho (ɗum woni, ko huunde mawnde, jogiinde ɓuuɓri ɗo hoore ndee rewata, ina fawii e ɓuuɓri keewndi ina taaroo ɓanndu nduu). Paenula oo ina heewi uddeede e yeeso kono, sahaa e sahaa fof, ina waawi heddaade e yeeso udditiingo ; ina waawi kadi waɗeede e banngeeji ɓurɗi juutde ngam ɓeydude dille juuɗe. Ɗuum noon ko jiyaaɓe, soldateeɓe e yimɓe leslese tan ɓoornotonoo ; kono e teeminannde 3ɓiire, yimɓe jom en hakkillaaji en njaɓi ɗum ko no mbaydi mbaylaandi walla yah-ngartaa, e nder ɗuum, e dow sariya sumptuary 382 (Kodex Teodosianus xiv. 10, 1, de habitu . . klamis. Caggal ɗuum, togaaji ɗii mbaɗtaa ko e kewuuji dowla. E wiyde Tertullian, hooreejo Kerecee’en arannde, heeferɓe ina keewi ittude paenula mum en so ina njuula laamɓe mum en, kadi o ñiŋii kala Kerecee’en mo kadi ittata paenula mum en so ina njuula, o inniri ɗum “superstition”.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Radicke|first=Jan|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110711554-023/html|title=7 paenula – 'poncho'|publisher=De Gruyter|year=2022|pages=375–378|isbn=978-3-11-071155-4|location=Berlin|language=en|doi=10.1515/9783110711554-023}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Carl Köhler|title=A History of Costume|date=2012|publisher=Courier Corporation|isbn=9780486136059|page=115}}</ref><ref>{{EB1911|wstitle=Vestments|volume=27|page=1057|first=Walter Alison|last=Phillips|inline=1}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=René Krüger, Thomas H. Tobin SJ, Timathy J. Lang, Douglas A. Campbell, Benjamin Schliesser, Jeremy Punt, Péter Balla, Matthias Konradt, François Tolmie, J. Paul Sampley, Korinna Zamfir, Friedrich Wilhelm Horn, Robert E. Moses, Jorg Christian Salzmann, Bert Jan Lietaert Peerbolte, David Hellholm, Michael Labahn, William Tabbernee, Daniele Tripaldi, Silke Petersen, Tobias Nicklas, Werner Kahl, Roland Bergmeier, Helmut Schwier, Predrag Dragutnovic, Lung-Kwong Lo, Michael Welker ·|title=Talking God in Society Multidisciplinary (Re)constructions of Ancient (Con)texts. Festschrift for Peter Lampe. Vol. 2: Hermeneuein in Global Contexts: Past and Present|date=2021|publisher=Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht|isbn=9783647573182|page=250}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Robert Sinker|title=Essays and Studies|url=https://archive.org/details/essaysstudies0000sink|date=1900|publisher=Deighton, Bell and Company|page=[https://archive.org/details/essaysstudies0000sink/page/93 93]}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> ng0t2fy3j9uti1234bci93sosq05fqe 0 37943 180925 157404 2026-08-04T22:59:34Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180925 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rewɓe ko terɗe fedde''' jommbaajo debbo e nder kewuuji dewgal hirnaange. Jom suudu ko debbo tokooso, heewi wonde ko sehil jommbaajo oo walla banndi mum. O tawtoree jommbaajo oo ñalnde dewgal walla dewgal. E aadaaji, jommbaajo debbo ina suɓee e sukaaɓe rewɓe ɓe resndaaka, ɓe duuɓi mum en njahrata e dewgal. Jom suudu mawɗo, so gooto toɗɗaama, ina waawi wiyeede mawɗo jommbaajo. O waawi kadi wiyeede ko debbo tedduɗo so tawii o resndaaka, walla matron tedduɗo so tawii o resndaaka. Junior bridesmaid ko suka debbo mo laaɓaani ina famɗi no feewi ngam resde kono ina jeyaa e jom suudu no fotiri fof. E nder leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik, ko ɓuri heewde ko debbo golloowo walla matron of honor e gorko ɓurɗo moƴƴude tan ngoni seedeeji laawɗuɗi ngam heɓde yamiroore dewgal. Heewi wonde ko ɓuri jommbaajo gooto; e jamaanu hannde oo jommbaajo oo ina suɓa no foti naamnotoo. E nder daartol, hay neɗɗo gooto jogiiɗo darnde yaltataa tawa alaa ɗo haaɗi, tee mawnugol retingol ngol ina hiisa no feewi ngam yahdude e darnde renndo galle oo. Fedde mawnde jommbaajo debbo rokki fartaŋŋe hollirde darnde renndo e ngalu galle oo. Hannde, limoore jommbaajo debbo e nder dewgal ina fawii e geɗe keewɗe, ina jeyaa heen ɓure jommbaajo debbo, mawnugol galle mum, e limoore arooɓe ɓe jom suudu mum yiɗi jogaade kadi. Heewɓe e jom en galleeji hannde ngalaa jommbaajo walla jom suudu, ɗum noon ina itta denndaangal njoɓdiiji e doole logistique jowitiiɗe heen.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Cowles|first=Charlotte|date=2024-07-11|title=Get Premium Bridesmaid Dresses – Elegant Styles for Every Wedding|url=https://mondressy.com/collections/bridesmaid-dresses|access-date=2024-07-27|website=mondressy|language=en}}</ref> = '''Darnde jokkondirnde''' = Ko nanndi e gorko oo ko jom suudu, ganndiraaɗo kadi e ɗemngal Engele Angalteer ko usher. To leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik, darnde tawtoreede jom suudu oo seerti e darnde hoɗɓe e jooɗorɗe mum en, tee darndeeji ɗiɗi ɗii nattii wonde gootum, ina keewi, so wonaa ko heewi, ko yimɓe ceertuɓe mbaɗata ɗum en. E nder won e pine, ko wayi no Norwees, Pays-Bas, Farayse e Angalteer Victoria, ina woodi (walla ina woodi) aada wonde rewɓe jommbaajo debbo ko sukaaɓe rewɓe tokosɓe, wonaa rewɓe mawɓe. Ɓe mbaawi nawde puɗi e nder dingiral dewgal ngal, ɓe mbaɗa pose e dewgal ngal e fotooje dewgal. E nder leyɗeele haalooɓe Engele hannde ɗee, ngalɗoo darnde ina seerti e darnde jom suudu, cukalel tokosel waɗoowo ɗum ina anndiraa suka debbo puɗi. = '''Golle''' = Nayi jommbaajo debbo ina ɓoornii gagra cholis, ko ɓoornanteeri aadaaji to Fuɗnaange Inndo Hay so heewɓe ina ɓura ko famɗi fof, golle ɗe jommbaajo debbo oo foti waɗde ina famɗi no feewi.<ref name="isbn0-393-05874-3 pg 383">{{cite book|author=Martin, Judith|author-link=Judith Martin|others=Kamen, Gloria|title=Miss Manners' Guide to Excruciatingly Correct Behavior, Freshly Updated|url=https://archive.org/details/missmannersguide0000mart_n3x0|publisher=W. W. Norton & Company|location=New York|year=2005|pages=[https://archive.org/details/missmannersguide0000mart_n3x0/page/383 383]|quote=[I]n polite society...the bridesmaids' only duties are to make a special fuss over the bride by gathering around her at the wedding and, in the weeks before, by pretending to be interested in all the wedding details. It is also nice, but not obligatory, for them to plan a girlishly informal gathering—a luncheon or shower—for her beforehand.|isbn=0-393-05874-3}}</ref>Eɓe ɗaɓɓiree tawtoreede kewu dewgal ngal, e wallitde jommbaajo debbo oo ñalnde dewgal ngal. Rewɓe rewɓe e nder Orop e Amerik worgo ina keewi naamneede ngam wallitde jommbaajo oo e yuɓɓinde dewgal ngal e jaɓɓungal dewgal ngal. E jamaanu hannde oo, jom suudu ina heewi tawtoreede e peewnugol kewuuji jowitiiɗi e dewgal, ko wayi no ñalɗi jommbaajo walla ñalngu bachelorette, so ina woodi. Ɗee noon, ko golle cuɓaaɗe ; e wiyde ganndo etikeet biyeteeɗo Judith Martin, "Ko luutndii haala, jommbaajo debbo oo alaa e sago weltina ngam teddinde jommbaajo oo, walla ɓoornaade comci ɗi ɓe mbaawaa dañde."<ref name="isbn0-609-60431-7">{{cite book|author=Martin, Judith|title=Miss Manners on weddings|publisher=Crown Publishers|location=New York|year=1999|pages=[https://archive.org/details/missmannersonwed00mart/page/136 136&ndash;137]|isbn=0-609-60431-7|url=https://archive.org/details/missmannersonwed00mart/page/136}}</ref>So tawii ko aada e nder nokku jommbaajo debbo oo, ko ñalngu jommbaajo debbo oo, ndeen noon ko ñalngu nguu yuɓɓintee, e paid for4.<ref name="1922 Post">{{cite book|author=Post, Emily|author-link=Emily Post|title=Etiquette in Society, in Business, in Politics and at Home'|url=https://archive.org/details/etiquetteinsoci00postgoog|publisher=Funk & Wagnalls Company|year=1922|pages=[https://archive.org/details/etiquetteinsoci00postgoog/page/n383 335]–337}}</ref> Junior jom suudu to North Carolina, ɓoorniiɗo wutte daneejo no jom suudu oo nii. Golle e njoɓdi wonde jom suudu ina njuutee hakkunde jom suudu e gollodiiɓe mum e laabi keewɗi. Nde tawnoo jommbaajo debbo hannde oo, hono no jommbaajo debbo oo nii, nattii waawde tuugnaade e jogaade comci mum e njoɓdi mum, tawa ko galle jommbaajo oo yoɓata ɗum, ɗum wonti aada, jommbaajo oo ina rokka jommbaajo oo dokke ngam hollirde yettoore mum e ballal e ballal kaalis garoowo e darnde mum. Ko noon kadi wonande rewɓe noddaaɓe ngam wonde jommbaajo debbo, ko adii fof ina naamnoo ko yowitii e waktuuji, doole, e kaalis mo jommbaajo oo ɗaminii e maɓɓe hade mum en jaɓde ndee ɗoo darnde, kadi ɓe njaɓa walla ɓe ngoppa golle so tawii ko ɗuum ɓuri ko ɓe mbaawi rokkude.<ref name="Steinberg">{{cite news|last1=Steinberg|first1=Stephanie|title=How much does it cost to be a bridesmaid?|url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/LIVING/06/28/bridesmaids.cost/|publisher=CNN|date=28 June 2011}}</ref> E nder won e dewgal Amerik, kala jom suudu ina waawi naamneede yo yoɓ 1 700 dolaar Amerik walla ko ɓuri ɗum, tawa ko yah-ngartaa e dewgal to bannge dewgal e ñalɗi ko adii dewgal ina heewi wonde ko ɓuri heewde e ngalu.<ref name="Steinberg2">{{cite news|last1=Steinberg|first1=Stephanie|title=How much does it cost to be a bridesmaid?|url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/LIVING/06/28/bridesmaids.cost/|publisher=CNN|date=28 June 2011}}</ref> Debbo tedduɗo "Maayɗo teddungal" ina rewna ɗoo. Ngam kuutorɗe goɗɗe, ƴeew Maid of honor (diisnondiral). Jom suudu (caka) e debbo mum tedduɗo (tataɓo ummoraade nano) e jommbaajo debbo. Debbo tedduɗo ina waawi seertude e mbaydi mum, ndi seerti seeɗa e jommbaajo debbo oo, kam e darnde mum e nokku tedduɗo aadaaji to bannge ñaamo lannda mawɗo oo. Tuggi 1929, to Minnesota, Amerik. E nder leydi Biritaan, helmere "maid of honour" ndee ko debbo golloowo laamɗo debbo. Helmere ‘bridesmaid’ ndee ina heewi huutoreede e denndaangal jommbaajo debbo e nder leydi Angalteer. Kono so gardiiɗo oo ina resndaa, walla ko debbo mawɗo, helmere ‘matron d’honneur’ ina heewi huutoreede. Semmbe Engele Amerik addani mawɗo jom suudu oo sahaa e sahaa fof wiyeede ko debbo jom suudu teddungal. E nder Amerik worgo, fedde dewgal ina waawi waɗde jommbaajo debbo keewɗo, kono ‘maid of honor’ ko tiitoonde e darnde nde mawɗo jommbaajo debbo oo jogii, ko ɓuri heewde ko sehil mum walla miñi mum debbo ɓurɗo ɓadaade ɗum. E nder dewgal hannde ngal, won e rewɓe ina cuɓoo suɓaade sehil mum en walla miñi mum en gorko ɓooyɗo, tawa ina kuutoroo tiitoonde ‘gorko ɓurɗo moƴƴude’ walla ‘gorko tedduɗo’. Golle jommbaajo mawɗo ina mbaawi heewde walla no feewi no o acciri jommbaajo oo fawde e dow makko. Gollal makko tan ko tawtoreede kewu dewgal ngal. Kono ko ɓuri heewde, omo naamnee ballal e njuɓɓudi dewgal ngal no kewu nii, ko wayi no jokkondirde e noddaango, e ballal makko no sehil nii, ko wayi no tawtoreede jommbaajo debbo oo nde o soodata comci dewgal makko. Gaa gaa wonde junngo ñaamo jommbaajo debbo oo, ko debbo jom suudu oo tan foti ardaade heddiiɓe ɓee e nder peewnugol kala ko ina addana dewgal ngal. Yeru, jom suudu mawɗo oo, ko kañum waɗata peeje ngam ñalngu nguu, tawa ina waɗi noddaango, paabi, ñaamdu, e kala pijirlooji walla golle ɗe mbaɗata. Kadi ko kanko woni kalfinaaɗo yuɓɓinde fedde bachelorette, haa arti noon e kala ko yowitii e yah-ngartaa walla hoɗorde nde foti yuɓɓineede.<ref>{{cite web|title=Maid of Honor Duties: A Modern Day Checklist of Roles and Responsibilities|url=https://modernmoh.com/maid-of-honor-duties/checklist-roles-responsibilities/|website=Modern MOH|access-date=12 March 2019}}</ref>Ñalnde dewgal ngal, golle makko ɓurɗe teeŋtude ko rokkude ballal e nder golle e nder ɓerɗe. O waawataa wallude jommbaajo debbo oo e ɓoornaade comci, so ina haani, o wallita jommbaajo debbo oo e ƴellitde mbaydi mum, e mbaydi ɓuuɓri, e deftere duwaawu, walla e jolngo mbaydi dewgal mum e nder ñalawma. E nder dewgal jokkere enɗam, mawɗo jommbaajo oo ina heewi halfineede jokkere enɗam jom suudu oo haa nde haani e nder kewu nguu. Heewɓe e jommbaajo debbo ina naamnoo jommbaajo debbo so tawii ko mawɓe, yo ngon seedeeji sariya siynooji kaayitaaji dewgal caggal nde kewu nguu joofi. So tawii ko jaɓɓungal woni caggal dewgal ngal, golloowo tedduɗo oo ina waawi naamneede yo rokku jom suudu keso oo toast. Iwdi e daartol Iwdi aadaaji jom suudu hirnaange ina gasa tawa ummorii ko e kawral geɗe keewɗe. Geɗe ɓurɗe teeŋtude ɗee ina njeyaa heen, kono ɗe kaɗaani, darnde e ngonka renndo-faggudu, mawnugol galleeji, tolnooji renndoyankooji ñalnde heen, e diine. Deftere Fuɗɗoode (29:24, 29) ina siftina Leya e Rahiilu gooto fof ina wondi e rewɓe mum nde ɓe resndi Yaakuuba, ko ɗum woni ko won e daartooɓe = '''Tuugnorgal''' = <references /> fm27pwcsvrgj6bpslm7uup60n8w6edl 0 37946 180947 157431 2026-08-04T23:22:52Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 3 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180947 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Catal rewɓe Connexxus/Centro de Mujeres''' ko fedde renndoyankoore nde wonaa laamuyankoore, sosaande e lewru Yarkomaa 1985 to bannge worgo Hollywood, Kaliforni. Fedde nde sosaa ko e Adel Martinez e Lauren Jardine<ref>{{cite web|last1=Williams|first1=Bob|title=Adel M. 'Del' Martinez|url=https://diocesela.org/obituaries/adel-m-del-martinez/|website=[[Episcopal Diocese of Los Angeles]]|date=February 18, 2020|access-date=25 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Love|editor1-first=Barbara J.|title=Feminists Who Changed America, 1963–1975|url=https://archive.org/details/feministswhochan00love|date=2006|edition=1st|page=[https://archive.org/details/feministswhochan00love/page/n267 234]|chapter=Jardine, Lauren Lovett|publisher=[[University of Illinois Press]]|location=Urbana, Illinois|lccn=2006020759|isbn=978-0252031892}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Pomerleau|first1=Clark A.|title=Califia Women: Feminist Education against Sexism, Classism, and Racism|url=https://archive.org/details/califiawomenfemi0000pome|date=2013|edition=1st|pages=[https://archive.org/details/califiawomenfemi0000pome/page/162 162]–163|publisher=[[University of Texas Press]]|location=Austin, Texas|lccn=2013021090|isbn=978-0292752948}}</ref> e hitaande 1984, nde wonnoo ko nokku ɗo rewɓe njiylotoo e nder wuro Los Angeles, nde rokkata golle baɗɗe faayiida ngam rewɓe, haa teeŋti e rewɓe rewɓe e nokku ɗo rewɓe mbaawi ƴellitaade e nder golle mum en, e nder nguurndam mum en, e nder renndo mum en.<ref name="Sangwand">{{cite web|last1=Sangwand|first1=Tiffany-Kay|title=Connexxus/Centro de Mujeres collection, 1985–1991|url=http://pdf.oac.cdlib.org/pdf/ucla/mss/conn1848.pdf|page=2|website=[[Online Archive of California]]|date=2009|access-date=25 July 2021}}</ref> E lewru Yarkomaa 1988, nde udditi nokku ɓeydiiɗo to Fuɗnaange Los Angeles ina wiyee Connexxus Fuɗnaange/Centro de Mujeres<ref name="Sangwand2">{{cite web|last1=Sangwand|first1=Tiffany-Kay|title=Connexxus/Centro de Mujeres collection, 1985–1991|url=http://pdf.oac.cdlib.org/pdf/ucla/mss/conn1848.pdf|page=2|website=[[Online Archive of California]]|date=2009|access-date=25 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Stein|editor1-first=Marc|title=Encyclopedia of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender History in America|date=2004|edition=1st|volume=2|pages=146, 209|publisher=[[Charles Scribner's Sons]]|location=New York, New York|lccn=2003017434|isbn=978-0684312613}}</ref> waɗaaɗo ngam yettaade renndooji Latina e Chicana. Koolol kesol ngol hokki kuuɗe ko ɓuri fuu haa lesbiyen'en nder diiwal Los Angeles, nden boo hokki bayaanuuji dow e heɓugo kuuɗe kuuɗe ɓii aadama'en feere-feere. Nde rokki kadi wasiyaaji e ƴellitde e golloraade gollorɗe tokoose. Ko ɗoon kadi nokku oo wallitorii, jaɓɓii golle pinal e jaŋde. Catal ngal ina waɗi 1 400 meeteer kaaree, ina waɗi nokkuuji defterdu, golle, pelle rap, batuuji wasiyaaji, e golle renndo<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=McHugh|editor1-first=Kathleen A.|editor2-last=Johnson-Grau|editor2-first=Brenda|editor3-last=Sher|editor3-first=Ben Raphael|title=The June L. Mazer Lesbian Archives: Making Invisible Histories Visible: A Resource Guide to the Collections|date=2014|page=119|publisher=[[UCLA Center for the Study of Women]]|location=Los Angeles, California|isbn=978-0615990842|url=https://archive.org/details/MakingInvisibleHistoriesVisibleTheJuneL.MazerLesbianArchive/mode/2up}}</ref> == Tariya == Connexxus dogi ko gila lewru mee 1984 haa lewru suwee 1990. Nde udditaa, fedde ndee ardii ɗum ko terɗe renndo lesbiyen en, ko wayi no Jeanne Córdova,,<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Stein|editor1-first=Marc|title=Encyclopedia of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender History in America|date=2004|edition=1st|volume=1|page=259|publisher=[[Charles Scribner's Sons]]|location=New York, New York|lccn=2003017434|isbn=978-0684312613}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Córdova|first1=Jeanne|title=When We Were Outlaws: A Memoir of Love & Revolution|url=https://archive.org/details/whenwewereoutlaw0000cord|date=2011|edition=1st|publisher=Spinster's Ink|location=Midway, Florida|lccn=2014381642|isbn=978-1935226512}}</ref> Jodi Curlee, Judy Doyle,<ref>Judy Doyle [https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt1f59r455/ Southern California Women for Understanding (SCWU) collection, 1975-1999 includes the Judy Doyle Papers which are housed at the UCLA Library Special Collections]</ref> Ngam jokkude njuɓɓudi ndii, njuɓɓudi ndii hawri ko ina tolnoo e 20 000 dolaar ngam golle mum. Nde heɓi dokke ummoraade e Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe ngam Naalankooɓe, e Fedde Naalankooɓe Kaliforni, e Fedde Colling Higgins, e Fedde Liberty Hill.[citation needed] Centre des femmes Connexxus/Centro de Mujeres fusi ko e dow laabi e hitaande 1991. E nder ɓataake feewde e renndo ngo ñalnde 18 lewru Yarkomaa 1990, ɓe[mo?] ndenndini wonde no Connexxus yaajiri e golle maɓɓe ɓurɗe yaajde e golle maɓɓe ɗe ɓe njiɗnoo, ko ɓuri heewde e juɓɓule gollorɗe aadee en kadi ina njokki e le. Sabu ɓeydagol keewal pelle keertiiɗe, sarwisaaji, e njulaagu, lesbinaaɓe seeɗa ina keɓa sarwisaaji nokku oo. Sabu ngool ŋakkeende limooje e caɗeele kaalis garooje, Connexxus udditi dame mum ñalnde 30 suwee 1990. == Porogaraamuuji == Doole faggudu E lewru mee 1998, hooreejo leydi Amerik e oon sahaa, hono Bill Clinton, yaltinii yamiroore 13087, haɗnde diisnondiral e nder golle siwil fedde nde, tawa ko e dow tuugnaade e jikkuuji.<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Stein|editor1-first=Marc|title=Encyclopedia of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender History in America|date=2004|edition=1st|volume=1|chapter=Antidiscrimination Law and Policy|page=69|publisher=[[Charles Scribner's Sons]]|location=New York, New York|lccn=2003017434|isbn=978-0684312613}}</ref> Duuɓi jeegom ko adii ɗuum e hitaande 1992, guwerneer biyeteeɗo Pete Wilson siifondirii e kuulal AB 2601, ngal haɗata diisnondiral e golle hakkunde gaynaako e debbo e nder leydi Kaliforni (o woppii kuulal nanndungal e ngalɗoo kuulal, AB 101, hitaande ko adii ɗuum).<ref>{{cite news|last1=Skelton|first1=George|title=Wilson Signs Bill on Gay Job Rights : Legislation: Governor OKs compromise measure after his veto of a similar bill last year sparked statewide protests. Homosexual community is 'surprised, relieved.'|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-09-26-mn-867-story.html|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=September 26, 1992|access-date=27 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Gross|first1=Jane|title=California Governor, in Reversal, Signs a Bill on Gay Rights in Jobs|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/09/26/us/california-governor-in-reversal-signs-a-bill-on-gay-rights-in-jobs.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|page=sec. 1; p. 1|date=September 26, 1992|access-date=27 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714170225/https://www.nytimes.com/1992/09/26/us/california-governor-in-reversal-signs-a-bill-on-gay-rights-in-jobs.html|archive-date=July 14, 2014}}</ref> === June L. Mazer Koolol Lesbinaaɓe === Koolol lesbinaaɓe June L. Mazer fuɗɗii ko e koolol lesbinaaɓe to bannge hirnaange (WCLC) e hitaande 1980, to Oakland, Kaliforni, e nder galle gooto debbo debbo gooto.<ref name="Sheffield">{{cite thesis|last=Sheffield|first=Rebecka Taves|date=2015|title=The Emergence, Development and Survival of Four Lesbian and Gay Archives|type=PhD|publisher=[[University of Toronto]]|url=https://static1.squarespace.com/static/54831c63e4b091ba6b17bffb/t/58debcde37c5817ed33f04a0/1490992379613/Sheffield_Rebecka_Taves_201511_PhD_thesis.pdf|pages=121–149}}</ref> Nde WCLC mawni nde ɓeydii saɗtude jogaade ɗum, pellital ƴettaa ngam yiytude nokku goɗɗo ngam ɗum. Centre des femmes Connexxus jaɓii wallitde e ummital mum. June Mazer e gollodiiɗo mum Bunny MacCulloch, kamɓe ɗiɗo fof ɓe ngoni ko e fedde Connexxus e fedde lesbiyen en wiyeteende Rewɓe Kaliforni fuɗnaange ngam faamde,<ref>{{cite web|title=Bunny MacCulloch papers, 1928–1989|url=http://pdf.oac.cdlib.org/pdf/ucla/mss/macc1959.pdf|website=[[Online Archive of California]]}}</ref><ref name="Mazer">{{cite web|title=Herstory|url=https://www.mazerlesbianarchives.org/about-us|website=[[June L. Mazer Lesbian Archives]]|date=2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150908204519/http://pdf.oac.cdlib.org/pdf/ucla/mss/macc1959.pdf|archive-date=September 8, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>] ɓe njaɓii wonde gardiiɗo WCLC, ɗum artiraa e galle maɓɓe to Kaliforni fuɗnaange<ref name="Sheffield2">{{cite thesis|last=Sheffield|first=Rebecka Taves|date=2015|title=The Emergence, Development and Survival of Four Lesbian and Gay Archives|type=PhD|publisher=[[University of Toronto]]|url=https://static1.squarespace.com/static/54831c63e4b091ba6b17bffb/t/58debcde37c5817ed33f04a0/1490992379613/Sheffield_Rebecka_Taves_201511_PhD_thesis.pdf|pages=121–149}}</ref> Caggal maayde June Mazer e hitaande 1987, WCLC wayli innde mum, o inniri ɗum koolol lesbinaaɓe June L. Mazer (JMLC).<ref name="WeHo1988">{{cite web|title=Minutes: City Council Meeting|url=https://www.weho.org/Home/ShowDocument?id=9695|publisher=[[West Hollywood|City of West Hollywood]]|page=8|date=November 21, 1988|access-date=25 July 2021}}</ref><ref name="Sheffield3">{{cite thesis|last=Sheffield|first=Rebecka Taves|date=2015|title=The Emergence, Development and Survival of Four Lesbian and Gay Archives|type=PhD|publisher=[[University of Toronto]]|url=https://static1.squarespace.com/static/54831c63e4b091ba6b17bffb/t/58debcde37c5817ed33f04a0/1490992379613/Sheffield_Rebecka_Taves_201511_PhD_thesis.pdf|pages=121–149}}</ref> Duuɓi ɗiɗi ko adii nde Connexxus fusata, wuro Hirnaange Hollywood jaɓi rokkude JMLC galle duumotooɗo e nder jeyi wuro ngoo, anndiraango Werle Building.<ref name="WeHo19882">{{cite web|title=Minutes: City Council Meeting|url=https://www.weho.org/Home/ShowDocument?id=9695|publisher=[[West Hollywood|City of West Hollywood]]|page=8|date=November 21, 1988|access-date=25 July 2021}}</ref> Caggal ɗuum, deftere ndee wayli innde mum, wonti Arsiif Lesbiyanke June L. Mazer. E nder gollondiral potal e defterdu UCLA, Defterdu Mazer ina joginoo hakkeeji e defterdu mum tawa ina ɓeyda heɓde yimɓe rewrude e dijital. === Fedde nde (Fedde rewɓe njulaagu e karallaagal Connexxus) === Puɗɗagol lewru Yarkomaa 1985, Connexxus yaltinii jaaynde fedde mum Connexxus ngam haɓaade njulaagu e karallaagal. Jaaynde ndee dartii yaltude ko e lewru suwee 1990.<ref>{{cite web|title=Connexxus|url=http://oskicat.berkeley.edu/search/o952386561|website=[[University of California, Berkeley Libraries|UCB Library Catalog]]|publisher=[[University of California, Berkeley]]|access-date=27 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Connexxus (Center)|url=https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2008117044.html|website=[[Library of Congress]]|access-date=27 July 2021}}</ref> === Kewuuji renndo === Sabu nokku oo ina fotnoo wonde nokku renndo, kam e nokkuuji mooftugol kaalis e nder renndo, Connexxus yuɓɓinii kewuuji keewɗi. Nde yuɓɓinii golle semmbinde faggudu ngam wallitde ƴellitaare karallaagal rewɓe. Pelle renndo tuugiiɗe e anndinde, ko wayi no lesbinaaɓe ɓaleeɓe, ɓe ngonaa jom en galleeji, Latinaaji, e jillondirɓe ina keewi. Ɓuri lollude heen ko All Around Town e hitaande 1988, nde ɓeydii laabi ɗiɗi e nder mooɓondiral kaalis. Kewu goɗɗo mo yimɓe fof njiɗi ko hollirde galleeji ballal juutngal Laura Aguilar, fotoowo debbo Chicana, ina wiyee Series Lesbians Chicana<ref>Zepeda, Susy (2012-01-01). "Tracing Queer Latina Diasporas: Escarvando Historical Narratives Of Ancestries And Silences" [https://escholarship.org/content/qt69k5c0wv/qt69k5c0wv.pdf (PDF)]. UC Santa Cruz Electronic Theses and Dissertations: 200–202.</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> ecvwe5ly759mueaji12i7aqy5dhgf9f 0 37993 180869 157541 2026-08-04T22:00:54Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180869 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Surtout''' ko sifaa ɓuuɓri. "Surtout" ko helmere huutorteende e teeminannde 17ɓiire ngam sifaade koɗorɗe ɓoorneteeɗe e dow koɗorɗe goɗɗe, hono koɗorɗe. Surtout ko innde hesere wonande maggal; ko adii hitaande 1684, nde anndiranoo ko "Suravit" sabu Surhabit (koɗo). Surtout kadi ko helmere Farayse firtata ko « dow fof ». Feereeji Surtout luumo keso Newmarket ko mbaydi mbaylaandi (frock). Newmarket Surtout inniraa ko wuro anndiraaɗo pijirlooji pucci. Koɗo oo ɓoornetee ko nde o woni e dogde. Nde styled ko e mbaydi juutndi, ɓuuɓri ɗiɗi e redingote. Kollirgol coccorgal ngal ko velour. Ko wuro New York Surtout New York ko mbaydi moodel wonande worɓe. Ko ɓuuɓri juutndi, ndi ɓuuɓri jaajndi ina yaaji haa e ŋoral, ina waɗi ɓuuɓri ɓaleeri jaajndi. E nder pinal leñol Charles Dickens ina siftina jikku biyeteeɗo Mr Micawber, ɓoorniiɗo surtout e ɓuuɓri ɓaleeri. Dickens siftinii kadi surtout mo « gorko mo nofru mum tiiɗi, ɓuuɓɗo, ɓoorniiɗo surtout ɓaleejo, ina yettoo ɓadtaade koyɗe mum » e nder « The Parlour Orator » ummoraade e « Sketches by Boz ». Herman Melville waɗii nokkuure sirlu rewrude e tuugnaade e koltu e nder deftere makko, "Benito Cereno." Yeru, Melville winndii, "Asamaan wayi ko no surtout grey nii" ngam hollitde wonde tagoore ndee ina ɓoornii wutte.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Gousse|first=Suzanne|url=http://archive.org/details/costumeinnewfran0000gous|title=Costume in New France from 1740 to 1760 : a visual dictionary|date=1997|publisher=Chambly, Quebec : La Fleur de Lyse|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-2-9804591-1-5|pages=33}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Eugène-Fasnacht|first=G. (George)|url=http://archive.org/details/macmillansfrench00euguoft|title=Macmillan's French readings for children|date=1891|publisher=London, Macmillan|others=Robarts - University of Toronto|pages=63}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Wilcox|first=R. Turner (Ruth Turner)|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofcost00wilc|title=The dictionary of costume|date=1969|publisher=New York, Scribner|others=Internet Archive|pages=337, 224}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Dickens|first1=Charles|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NZg-AQAAMAAJ&dq=Charles+Dickens+refers+to+the+character+Mr.+Micawber+wearing+a+surtout&pg=PA70|title=A Cyclopedia of the Best Thoughts of Charles Dickens|last2=Fontaine|first2=Felix Gregory De|date=1872|publisher=E.J. Hale|pages=70|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Melville|first=Herman|title=Benito cereno|url=https://archive.org/details/benitocereno0000melv|last2=Kelley|first2=Wyn|date=2008|publisher=Bedford/St. Martins|isbn=978-0-312-45242-1|edition=Nachdr.|series=Bedford college editions|location=Boston|pages=[https://archive.org/details/benitocereno0000melv/page/36 36]}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> i7tdnea9dyikljenpqgbkzthwzubpgo 0 38056 180942 157688 2026-08-04T23:17:29Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180942 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Boot Jodhpur''' ko boot gonɗo e koyɗe, baɗaaɗo no boot puccu nii, ina waɗi ŋoral gonngal e ŋoral, ŋoral ina waɗi ŋoral, ina waɗi ŋoral les. Tariya Booti Jodhpur ummorii ko e leydi Inndo e kitaale 1920, ko adii fof ko ɓoorniiɓe polooji Angalteer.Ɓoornugol Jodhpurs ɓooyaani ko wonti mbaydi e nder winndere hirnaange, Saks Fifth Avenue fuɗɗii yeeyde ɗum en gila e hitaande 1927. Winndannde Vogue e ndeen hitaande, tiitoonde mum ko " Booti Jodhpur ko "goongɗinɗi e kala detal ngam hollirde dumunna" e yiɗde timminde e sawru swagger e gannde string kanaari. Fitting Vamp oo ina sewnee e dow kuɓeeje ɗee. (Boot strap monk kadi ina fawii e butel, kono kuɓeeje ɗee ina sewnee e dow vamp.) Ɓoornugol ngol ina heewi wonde pecce ɗiɗi, heen gooto fof ina jokkondiri e vamp. Ko heddii e ɓoggol ngol ina jokkondiri e bannge ndernderiijo, ina yaaji haa feccere e ŋoral, ina fawii e dow ŋoral ñaamowal. Ko heddii koo ina jokkondiri e bannge yaajɗo oo, ina yaaji haa laaɓi cer, ina fawii e dow ŋoral ñaamowal. Ina heewi loowdi sewnde e caggal boowal ngal jokkere enɗam ɗiɗi fof mbaawi rewde heen.<ref>{{cite book|page=51|title=Ethnic Dress in the United States: A Cultural Encyclopedia|last=Lynch|first=Annette|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tiEvBQAAQBAJ|isbn=9780759121508|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|year=2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|page=[https://archive.org/details/manhorseillustra0000mack/page/81 81]|title=Man and the Horse: An Illustrated History of Equestrian Apparel|url=https://archive.org/details/manhorseillustra0000mack|isbn=9780870994111|last=Mackay-Smith|first=Alexander|year=1984|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> c5io9k5tk87ozeou90gb2yrqrrtalyo 0 38084 180934 157799 2026-08-04T23:09:29Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180934 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Taƴre spool''' ko taƴre paɗe yaajnde dow e les, ɓurnde famɗude e hakkunde, ko noon nanndirta e taƴre cotton walla waktu. Taƴe spool ina ngonnoo e Orop e jamaanu Barok e Rokoko. Waktuuji goɗɗi ɗi nganndu-ɗaa ko ɗiin ngoni kitaale 1860 e 1950. Ooɗoo look ko John Fluevog ɓuri lollude ɗum. Taƴre spool les ina jogii ɓuuɓol tokosol ceertungol e les taƴre ndee. Taƴe spool ɓurɗe toowde ina ɓadii nanndude e taƴre stiletto, kono ina waɗi flare e les. Spool taƴe ina ndokka weltaare e ɓoorniiɗo ɗum, ina hiisee wonde cuɓal paɗe taƴe kuuɓtodinɗe.<ref>{{cite book|title=Color and design in apparel|last=Chambers|first=Bernice Gertrude|page=462|year=1942|publisher=[[Prentice-Hall]]|oclc=1703151}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Shoes|url=https://archive.org/details/shoes0000prat|last=Pratt|first=Lucy|author2=Linda Woolley|page=[https://archive.org/details/shoes0000prat/page/124 124]|year=1999|publisher=[[Victoria and Albert Museum]]|isbn=978-1-85177-285-8}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=A handbook of costume drawing: a guide to drawing the period figure for costume design students|last=Baker|first=Georgia O'Daniel|page=94|year=2000|publisher=[[Focal Press]]|isbn=978-0-240-80403-3}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Historic costume for the stage|last=Barton|first=Lucy|page=441|year=1963|publisher=W. H. Baker|oclc=331332}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Historic costume for the stage|last=Barton|first=Lucy|page=441|year=1963|publisher=W. H. Baker|oclc=331332}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Shoes in Vogue since 1910|last=Probert|first=Christina|page=[https://archive.org/details/shoesinvoguesinc0000prob/page/52 52]|year=1981|publisher=[[Abbeville Press]]|isbn=978-0-89659-241-4|url=https://archive.org/details/shoesinvoguesinc0000prob/page/52}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> iip2icng1k38rya6t0wrmqmhqenfcgc 0 38096 180913 157845 2026-08-04T22:44:48Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180913 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Topstitching''' ko karallaagal sewnde ɗo diidi sewnde ɗii mbaɗetee ngam yiyeede e yaasi comci ɗii, tawa ko pawɗi walla ko gollorɗi. Topstitching ɓuri huutoreede ko e ŋoral comci ko wayi no ŋoral e ŋoral, ɗo ɗum wallitata facings jogaade nokku e rokkude ŋoral ɓuuɓngal. Ina waawi kadi huutoreede ngam jokkondirde e defte ko wayi no poosuuji walla taƴe e dow zippers, haa teeŋti noon e saakuuji. Topstitching dekoraasiyoŋ ina waɗi ngam hollirde, ina waawi waɗeede e mbaydi fanniyankeeri walla e sifaa mbaydi keeriindi. So wonaa ɗuum, topstitching ina heewi waɗeede ko e huutoraade stitch juɓɓuɗo e jolngo nanndungo e mbaydi mojobere.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Better Bag Maker|url=https://archive.org/details/betterbagmakeril0000mall|last=Mallalieu|first=Nicole|publisher=C&T Publishing|year=2014|isbn=978-1-60705-805-2|location=Concord, CA|pages=[https://archive.org/details/betterbagmakeril0000mall/page/23 23]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Bags—The Modern Classics|url=https://archive.org/details/bagsmodernclassi0000kims|last=Kim|first=Sue|publisher=C&T Publishing|year=2011|isbn=978-1-60705-388-0|location=Concord, CA|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bagsmodernclassi0000kims/page/7 7]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.taunton.com/threads/pages/t00023.asp|title=Tools for Topstitching|last=Conlon|first=Jane|website=Threads|publisher=Taunton|access-date=2015-03-29}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> pjj8dat4iuuad91dfudy5pb0wj5ekmv 0 38103 180890 157865 2026-08-04T22:19:32Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 3 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180890 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Harry Charles Adams''' (20 sulyee 1915 – 4 noowammbar 2011)<ref>{{cite web|title=Harry Adams Obituary (2011) - Chicago, IL - Suburban Life Publications|url=https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/chicagosuburbannews/name/harry-adams-obituary?id=25945040|access-date=30 October 2025}}</ref> ko gardiiɗo basket worɓe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ameriknaajo. Ko kanko woni hooreejo coftal ɓalli Kent State, mo o ardi e 28–16 e nder duuɓi ɗiɗi tuggi 1946 haa 1948.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Gilgenbach|first1=Cara|last2=Walton|first2=Theresa|title=Kent State University Athletics: Images in Sports|url=https://archive.org/details/kentstateunivers0000gilg|publisher=Arcardia Publishing|year=2008|isbn=978-0-7385-5176-0}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Gilgenbach|first1=Cara|last2=Walton|first2=Theresa|title=Kent State University Athletics: Images in Sports|url=https://archive.org/details/kentstateunivers0000gilg|publisher=Arcardia Publishing|year=2008|isbn=978-0-7385-5176-0}}</ref> O woni kadi balloowo e fedde fuku koyɗe Kent State.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|title=Harry Adams Coaching Record|work=|publisher=Sports-Reference.com|date=|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/coaches/harry-adams-1.html|doi=|accessdate=January 21, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|title=Harry Adams Coaching Record|work=|publisher=Sports-Reference.com|date=|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/coaches/harry-adams-1.html|doi=|accessdate=January 21, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Gilgenbach|first1=Cara|last2=Walton|first2=Theresa|title=Kent State University Athletics: Images in Sports|url=https://archive.org/details/kentstateunivers0000gilg|publisher=Arcardia Publishing|year=2008|isbn=978-0-7385-5176-0}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == 0h39f9hedougk5f69xwgw6fatk5csb2 0 38127 180992 158000 2026-08-05T00:11:08Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180992 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Margaret « Peggy » Amy Michell''' (jibinaa ko Saunders ; 28 lewru Yarkomaa 1905 – 19 Suwee 1941) ko debbo Angalteernaajo, golloowo e kitaale 1920. O anndaa kadi ko e innde dewgal makko, hono Peggy Saunders-Michell.<ref name="wimbledon">{{cite web|title=Wimbledon player archive – Peggy Michell (Saunders)|url=http://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/scores/draws/archive/players/29251dae-8071-4beb-824a-8c2b41ab8079/index.html|publisher=AELTC}}</ref><ref name="lowe1935" /><ref>{{cite news|title=Helen Wills Takes Sixth National Title|url=http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1929/08/25/page/29/article/helen-wills-takes-sixth-national-title|work=[[Chicago Tribune]]|agency=AP|date=August 25, 1929|page=1, Part 2}}</ref> O janngi ko to duɗal sukaaɓe rewɓe St Paul to Londres. O wondi e Phoebe Holcroft, o dañii njeenaaje ɗiɗi jokkondirɗe e nder kawgel rewɓe ɗiɗo to Wimbledon (1928 e 1929) e kawgel ngenndiwal rewɓe Amerik e hitaande 1929. E kanko e gollodiiɗo gooto, o yettii kawgel finaal e kawgel Farayse e hitaande 1927 ɗo Herecow e Bobbir Peaine fooli ɗum en.<ref name="mckelvie">{{cite book|last=McKelvie|first=Roy|title=The Queen's Club Story, 1886-1986|url=https://archive.org/details/queensclubstory10000roym|year=1986|publisher=Stanley Paul|location=London|isbn=0091660602|pages=[https://archive.org/details/queensclubstory10000roym/page/257 257]–258}}</ref> Njeñtudi makko ɓurndi moƴƴude e kawgel Grand Slam ari ko e hitaande 1929 nde o yettii doggol nayaɓol to Wimbledon e doggol nayaɓol to kawgel U.S. ɗo o fooli Elsie Goldsack e Helen Wills. Michell tawtoraama kawgel Wimbledon jeenay hakkunde 1925 e 1938. O dañii tiitoonde gooto e kawgel ngel e nder kawgel ngel, o fiyi e dow dingiral leɗɗe e nder Queen's Club to Londres, e hitaande 1926 e 1929. E nder oon sahaa gooto o dañii kadi tiitoonde ngel e nder kawgel ɗiɗmel gila 1929 haa 1933, e sehilaaɓe nayo ceertuɓe, e kawgel ɗiɗmel jillondirngel e hitaande 1998. Michell jeyaa ko e kippu Wightman Cup Angalteer e hitaande 1928, 1929 e 1932, o heɓi kadi kawgel ngel e Amerik e hitaande 1928. == Final Slam mawɗo == Ɗiɗi (tiitooɗe 3, 1 ɗiɗaɓo) Result Hitaande Kaɓirɗe Surface Partner Luutndiiɓe Score Losko 1927 e kawgel Farayse Clay Dental Dowlaaji Amerik Phoebe Watson Afrik worgo Irene Bowder Peacock Afrik worgo Bobbi Heine 2-6, 1-6 1928 Wimbledon huɗo leydi Angalteer Phoebe Watson leydi Angalteer Ermintrude Harvey Leydi Biritaniya Eyilin Bennet 6-2, 6-3 Winndere 1929 Wimbledon huɗo leydi Angalteer Phoebe Watson leydi Angalteer Phyllis Covell Dorothy Shepherd mo lesdi Biritaniya 6-4, 8-6 Naatde e hitaande 1929 e nder kawgel ngenndiwal Amerik, huɗo leydi Angalteer Phoebe Watson leydi Angalteer Phyllis Covell Dorothy Shepherd mo lesdi Biritaniya 2-6, 6-3, 6-4 == Tuugnorgal == 0mpe173w7n1qf2jmiw6tit9sh8ocad1 0 38179 181065 158286 2026-08-05T01:45:05Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181065 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Koɗki caggal jibineede''' ko huunde aada caggal jibineede.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Withers|first1=M|last2=Kharazmi|first2=N|last3=Lim|first3=E|title=Traditional beliefs and practices in pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum: A review of the evidence from Asian countries.|journal=Midwifery|date=January 2018|volume=56|pages=158–170|doi=10.1016/j.midw.2017.10.019|pmid=29132060}}</ref>Rewooɓe ɗeen aadaaji ina keewi fuɗɗoraade ɗoon e ɗoon caggal jibineede, tawa kadi ko seerndi ɗum en walla ko ɓuri heewde e mum en ko njuuteendi balɗe mbayliigu pinal : ko ɓuri heewde ko lewru wooturu walla balɗe 30,<ref>{{cite journal|title=Effect of Alcohol consumption on Maternal lactation characteristics during 'doing-the-month' ritual|journal=Public Health Nutrition|volume=12|issue=3|pages=382–388|doi=10.1017/S1368980008002152|pmid=18426631|year=2008|last1=Chien|first1=Yeh-Chung|last2=Huang|first2=Ya-Jing|last3=Hsu|first3=Chun-Sen|last4=Chao|first4=Jane C-J|last5=Liu|first5=Jen-Fang|doi-access=free}}</ref> balɗe 26, haa balɗe 40, lebbi ɗiɗi, walla balɗe 100.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.babycenter.com.my/a1021145/confinement-practices-an-overview|title=Confinement practices: an overview|website=BabyCenter|access-date=2016-03-21|archive-date=2017-12-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207224253/https://www.babycenter.com.my/a1021145/confinement-practices-an-overview}}</ref> Ndee ɗoo cellal caggal jibinannde ina waawi waɗde golle toppitiiɗe ko fayti e "goongɗinal cellal gaadanteewal, taƴe, laabi, e haɗeede."<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Tung|first1=Wei-Chen|title=Doing the Month and Asian Cultures: Implications for Health Care|journal=Home Health Care Management & Practice|date=22 June 2010|volume=22|issue=5|pages=369–371|doi=10.1177/1084822310367473|citeseerx=10.1.1.1020.5139|s2cid=73055081}}</ref> Golle ɗee meeɗiino anndeede ko "lelnude", ɗe, no helmere ndee holliri nii, ina tuugnii e fooftere leeso. E nder won e pine, ina waawi jokkondirde e taƴondiral jowitiingal e softeende caggal jibinannde. == Yiyngo == Yumma e ɓiyum keso ina fooftoo e leeso, ina njuuma Koɗki caggal jibineede ina firta yumma oo e ɓiɗɗo oo fof. Jibinaaɓe aadee en ina pamɗi no feewi haa safrooɓe sukaaɓe hono Harvey Karp mbiyata lebbi tati gadani ɗii ko "lebbi nay".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/2012/06/24/155426534/dr-karp-on-parenting-and-the-science-of-sleep|title=Dr. Karp On Parenting And The Science Of Sleep|newspaper=National Public Radio|access-date=February 19, 2017|department=All Things Considered}}</ref> Yontereeji fooftere nde yumma oo sellirta kadi ina reena cukalel ngel no ngel yahrata e aduna, kamɓe ɗiɗo fof ɓe njannga karallaagal ñamminde. Fotde leyɗeele fof ina njogii won e mbaadiiji lewru jibinannde. Leyɗeele keewɗe ina cemmbina worɓe yo ƴettu won e balɗe baaba, kono hay ɗe yamiri yo won e balɗe jibinannde renndinde ɗee kuutoree baaba ("quota baaba") ina njaɓa wonde yumma ina sokli waktuuji ngam woppude golle ngam sellude e jibineede e haɓaade mbayliigaaji fisik caggal jibinannde. Deftere Ameriknaare 2016 siftinii caɗeele winndude ɗeen "aadaaji neeneeji aduna" kono ina hollita wonde "hono no ɓoggol kaŋŋe jokkondirngol rewɓe gila e yontaaji garooji, porotokol toppitagol yumma keso oo e ittude ɗum e golle mum e tabitinde wonde o fooftoo e ñaamde ina hollira e nokkuuji ceertuɗi<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ou|first1=Heng|last2=Amely|first2=Greeven|last3=Belger|first3=Marisa|title=The First Forty Days: The Essential Art of Nourishing the New Mother|url=https://archive.org/details/firstfortydayses0000ouhe|date=2016|publisher=Harry N. Abrams|isbn=978-1-61769-183-6}}</ref>. Ɗee aadaaji mbinndaama e nder defte janngirɗe keewɗe, ina keewi heen ballal yumma keso (ina heen yaltinde golle galle), fooftere, ñaamdu keeriindi ngam ñaamde (e ko foti reeneede), golle laaɓtuɗe laaɓtuɗe, e laabi toppitagol cukalel ngel.<ref name="auto">{{cite journal|last1=Dennis|first1=Cindy-Lee|last2=Fung|first2=Kenneth|last3=Grigoriadis|first3=Sophie|last4=Robinson|first4=Gail Erlick|last5=Romans|first5=Sarah|author-link5=Sarah Romans|last6=Ross|first6=Lori|date=July 2007|title=Traditional Postpartum Practices and Rituals: A Qualitative Systematic Review|journal=Women's Health|volume=3|issue=4|pages=487–502|doi=10.2217/17455057.3.4.487|issn=1745-5065|pmid=19804024|doi-access=free}}</ref> Martha Wolfenstein e Margaret Mead mbinndi e hitaande 1955 wonde sahaa caggal jibineede ina firta "debbo ina waawi teddineede e teddineede tawa ina anndi ina ŋakki walla ina hersa". Ƴeewndo 2016 ngo ciftini ɗum en ina siftina aadaaji winndere ndee kala, gila e jamaanu Biibal haa e leydi Geres hannde ndii : Gila e doosɗe ina wayi no rewɓe ina ngonnoo e galleeji balɗe keewɗe caggal jibineede e njuuteendi ndeeɗoo dumunna gonɗo e ŋoral ina seerti e leñol walla e leñol [to Nepal]. Ɗumɗoo ko huunde tawaande e nder winndere ndee kala, haa arti noon e leyɗeele keewɗe ngalu e nder yontaaji ɓennuɗi ɗii. Njuuteeki waktu mo debbo seertata walla fooftoo ina seerti e nder leyɗeele ceertuɗe kadi kuule gonɗe e ndee seertude (sellinde vs. wonde laaɓɗo) ina nanndi kadi e ceertuɗe no feewi. Caggal nde dumunna cakkitiiɗo oo joofi ina heewi waɗde kewu ngam laaɓtinde rewɓe ngam jaɓde ɗum en e yeeso yimɓe fof e nder nguurndam ñalnde kala. Binndol ngol ina wallita miijo fooftere – dumunna juutɗo lelnude walla lelnude, dumunna ɓuuɓɗo, no rewɓe poti fooftaade ngam sellinde, kono ina waawi firtude wonde ɓe ngoppaama<ref name="Wong2009">{{cite journal|last1=Wong|first1=Josephine|last2=Fisher|first2=Jane|title=The role of traditional confinement practices in determining postpartum depression in women in Chinese cultures: A systematic review of the English language evidence|journal=Journal of Affective Disorders|volume=116|issue=3|pages=161–169|date=August 2009|doi=10.1016/j.jad.2008.11.002|pmid=19135261}}</ref> == Batte cellal == Wiɗtooji kollitooji batte cellal gonɗe e ɓuuɓri caggal jibinannde, peeñninii geɗe keewɗe. Hitaande 2009, ƴeewndo njuɓɓudi jannde ɗemngal Engele dow golle coktirgal Siin, timminii, "Won hujjaaji seeɗa kollitooji wonde golle coktirgal ina usta mette caggal jibinannde."<ref name="Yang2023">{{cite journal|last1=Yang|first1=Xiao|last2=Qiu|first2=Mujie|last3=Yang|first3=Yichun|last4=Yan|first4=Junlin|last5=Tang|first5=Kun|title=Maternal postnatal confinement practices and postpartum depression in Chinese populations: A systematic review|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=18|issue=10|article-number=e0293667|date=2023|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0293667|doi-access=free|pmid=37903136|pmc=10615300}}</ref> Ƴeewndo kuuɓtodinngo ɓurngo ɓooyde e hitaande 2023, tawi ina waɗi wiɗtooji sappo e jeegom (16) keewɗi ummoraade e Siin e yimɓe Siinnaaɓe eggooɓe caggal leydi, ko noon kadi holliri wonde "waɗde-lewru" waawaano hollirde batte kuuɓtodinɗe e ndeenka depression caggal jibinannde. Kono tan, ƴeewndo ngoo hollitii wonde wiɗtooji nay e nder sappo e jeegom ɗii njiytii wonde ina usta baasal, ina hollita wonde moƴƴere e wellitaare e ballal gonngal e nder reedu – wonaa tan jokkude e gollal ngal – ina waawi wonde huunde ɓurnde himmude e batte cellal hakkille yumma.<ref name="MetaSynth2024">{{cite journal|title=Experiences of postpartum Chinese women undergoing confinement practices: A qualitative meta-synthesis|journal=International Journal of Nursing Practice|date=2024|pmid=38379023|pmc=11608940|doi=10.1111/ijn.13248|volume=30|issue=4|last1=Chen|first1=Y.|last2=Wang|first2=H.}}</ref> Meta-synthesis qualitative 2024 ƴeewtotooɗo nguurndam rewɓe Siin caggal jibinannde e nder reedu, hollitii wonde rewɓe ina teddini fooftere ɓanndu, ballal renndo, e sahaa cellal yuɓɓo, kono wonde luural e toppitiiɓe—haa teeŋti e yummiraaɓe-e dow kuule reedu ina waawi addande ɓe mette hakkille<ref name="Dennis2007">{{cite journal|last1=Dennis|first1=Cindy-Lee|last2=Fung|first2=Kenneth|last3=Grigoriadis|first3=Sophie|last4=Robinson|first4=Gail Erlick|last5=Romans|first5=Sarah|last6=Ross|first6=Lori|title=Traditional Postpartum Practices and Rituals: A Qualitative Systematic Review|journal=Women's Health|volume=3|issue=4|pages=487–502|date=July 2007|doi=10.2217/17455057.3.4.487|pmid=19804024}}</ref> Hitaande 2007, ƴeewndo njuɓɓudi aadaaji caggal jibinannde e nder pine keewɗe hollitii wonde geɗe keewɗe - ina heen ballal renndo, fooftere, e ñamri keeriindi - ina yaaji no feewi e yummiraaɓe, hay so tawii ƴeewndo ngoo hollitii ŋakkeende wiɗtooji tiiɗɗi ngam tabitinde batte cellal keertiiɗe.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lary|first=Diana|title=China's grandmothers: gender, family, and aging from late Qing to twenty-first century|date=2022|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=978-1-009-06478-1|edition=|location=Cambridge, United Kingdom|page=49|oclc=1292532755}}</ref> == Ƴeew kadi == * [[:en:Postpartum_care|Postpartum care]] * [[:en:Maternal_bond|Maternal bond]] and [[:en:Attachment_theory|Attachment theory]] * [[:en:Culture_and_menstruation|Culture and menstruation]], including places and times of seclusion * [[:en:Impurity_after_childbirth|Impurity after childbirth]] * [[:en:Grandmother_hypothesis|Grandmother hypothesis]] * [[:en:Women-only_space|Women-only space]] * [[:en:Wet_nurse|Wet nurse]] * [[:en:Parental_investment#Parental_investment_in_humans|Parental investment in humans]] * [[:en:Sex_after_childbirth|Sex after childbirth]] == Tuugnorgal == tq28twzgh1ypovykiq83pwte3ph4ngr 0 38949 181157 160616 2026-08-05T03:10:28Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181157 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Deftere renndinde bonanndeeji''' : Siistem kuuɓtodinɗo ngam wiɗtude e renndinde bonanndeeji bonɗi (1992) ko binndol ko faati e renndinde bonanndeeji bonɗi ɗi John E. Douglas, Ann W. Burgess, Allen G. Burgess e Robert K. Ressler mbinndi.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Douglas|first1=John E.|last2=Burgess|first2=Ann W.|last3=Burgess|first3=Allen G.|last4=Ressler|first4=Robert K.|title=Crime Classification Manual: A Standard System for Investigating and Classifying Violent Crimes|url=https://archive.org/details/crimeclassificat0000unse|publisher=Jossey-Bass|date=1997|orig-year=1992|isbn=0-7879-3885-8}}</ref> Yiyngo Bayyinaango ngoo ko batte eɓɓaande nde Biro Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe (Centre National de l’Analyse des Crimes Violent) to Biro Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe toppitiinde ko fayti e wiɗtooji.<ref>{{cite book|pages=[https://archive.org/details/offenderprofilin0000pale/page/145 145]–146|title=Offender Profiling: An Introduction To The Sociopsychological Analysis Of Violent Crime|url=https://archive.org/details/offenderprofilin0000pale|series=American Series in Behavioral Science and Law|author1=George B. Palermo|author2=Richard N. Kocsis|publisher=Charles C Thomas Publisher|year=2005|isbn=0-398-07549-2}}</ref> Deftere ndee yalti ko e hitaande 2006, nde ɓeydi heen 155 kelle kabaruuji e wiɗtooji kesi. == Ƴeew kadi == Profaayiil tomorrow Psychologie forensique Laawol FBI ngam ƴeewde == Tuugnorgal == <references /> shdfbz67npp2j8937xraiedstncb129 0 38966 180800 166866 2026-08-04T20:42:15Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180800 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Rewɓe e nder jardin (e Farayse: Femmes au jardin)''' ko nate nebam ɗe naalanke Faraysenaajo biyeteeɗo Claude Monet fuɗɗii e hitaande 1866 nde o yahrata e duuɓi 26. Ko golle mawɗe pentirɗe en plein air ; mawneeki kanndaa oo ina ɗaɓɓi e Monet pentugol feccere mum toownde tawa kanndaa oo ina jippina e nder ŋoral ngal o ɓuuɓni, mbele omo waawa jogaade miijo wooto e golle ɗee fof. Setting oo ko jarde jeyi mo o renndini. Sehil makko e debbo makko garoowo biyeteeɗo Camille Doncieux ƴettii limooje ɗee. Monet timmini golle ɗee ko e nder galle, o huutorii nate jaayndeeji ngam waɗde comci mbaylaandi. Monet e oon sahaa ina fuɗɗii golle mum, ina jarriboo feere e fannu. Nate makko gadane ɗee ina njahdi e Salonuuji Pari, kono Women in the Garden jaɓaaka e hitaande 1867 sabu ŋakkeende toɓɓere e daartol. Ndeeɗoo feccere ko golle tan potnooɗe yahdude e tiitoonde makko : jokkondire hakkunde annoore e weeyo. Nate makko tabitini mo wonde gardiiɗo ummoriiɗo e dille impressionniste. Salon oo kadi ina mettini e mbaydiiji teeŋtuɗi ɗi Monet waɗi ɗii, mbaydi ndi, ko goonga, maa wontu gooto e maandeeji Impressionnisme. Ñaawirde gooto wiyi "Sukaaɓe heewɓe miijotaako hay huunde so wonaa jokkude e ngalɗoo laawol bonngol. Ko sahaa nde reenata ɓe e hisnude naalankaagal!" Natal ngal ko banndiiko naalanke biyeteeɗo Frédéric Bazille soodi ɗum ngam wallitde Monet e sahaa nde o alaa kaalis. Hay so tawii Musée d'Orsay, joom natal ngal, ina siftina wonde « Monet waɗii e karallaagal mum daneeji ɓoornanteeri ndii, ina jokki e tiiɗtinde ɗum en e nder mbaydi jimɗi ɗii », Christoph Heinrich, binnduɗo nguurndam Monet, ina teskaa no jibinannde yiyri natal ngal ina ŋakki. E nder ngool miijo, limooje ɗee ina nanndi e ko ŋakki e nder dingiral hee, debbo oo ina woni e ñaamo "ina lummboo e leydi no wayi e jogaade jolngo suuɗngo les mbaydi mum". Jaɓɓugol pentol ngol e annoore e ɗoyngol ina yettee, kono e oon fannu, ina gasa tawa golle ɗee kollirii Monet ɗo laawol mum naalankaagal woni. Ko Braun-Vega ƴetti E hitaande 1984, Herman Braun-Vega naatni Rewɓe e nder Jardin e The Balcony mo Manet e nder jimɗi mawɗi e nder yeeso ɗi rewɓe ɗiɗo miskineeɓe Perunaaɓe njooɗii ina ɗaminii yeeyde won e leɗɗe leɗɗe mooftaaɗe e yeeso mum en. E nder ndeeɗoo natal, tiitoonde mum ko En attendant (Monet et Manet), Braun-Vega hollitii luural hakkunde ngalu Fuɗnaange, ngu limtooji Manet e Monet ɓurɗi moƴƴude e ñalnde alet, e baasal Fuɗnaange, ngu yeeyooɓe leɗɗe Peru lomtini. Braun-Vega kadi ƴettii « Rewɓe e nder jarne » (1983), « 1986 » e « 1987 » (1987).<ref>Quoted in [https://web.archive.org/web/20171208122350/http://www.musee-orsay.fr/en/collections/works-in-focus/painting/commentaire_id/mujeres-en-el-jardin-3300.html?S=&tx_commentaire_pi1%5BpidLi%5D=509&tx_commentaire_pi1%5Bfrom%5D=841&cHash=3072993a63 <!--dumb URL contains "[" "]", encoded here-->Musee d'Orsay: Claude Monet, Women in the Garden] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171208122350/http://www.musee-orsay.fr/en/collections/works-in-focus/painting/commentaire_id/mujeres-en-el-jardin-3300.html?S=&tx_commentaire_pi1%5BpidLi%5D=509&tx_commentaire_pi1%5Bfrom%5D=841&cHash=3072993a63|date=2017-12-08}}. Accessed March 3, 2010.</ref><ref name="rcm">{{cite book|last=Magalhães|first=Roberto Carvalho de|year=2003|title=Claude Monet|url=https://archive.org/details/monet0000maga|location=New York|publisher=Enchanted Lion Books|isbn=1-59270-009-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/monet0000maga/page/2 2]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Rivais|first=Yak|url=https://braunvega.com/picture?/2390/category/451-l_art_hop_l_humour_noir|title=L'art H.O.P. l'humour noir ! : L'humour noir dans les arts plastiques|publisher=Eden|year=2004|isbn=978-2-913-24594-5|pages=80-81|language=fr|trans-title=Dark humor in the visual arts|chapter=Le montage socio-culturel|trans-chapter=The socio-cultural set-up|quote=Devant le « balcon » de Manet, dans le « jardin » de Monet, des Péruviens pauvres sont assis dans l'herbe parmi les dames en crinoline.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Le Corre-Carrasco|first=Marion|url=https://braunvega.com/picture?/3422/category/675-corps_et_territoire|title=Corps et territoire, Arts et littérature à travers l'Europe et l'Amérique|publisher=Presses universitaires de Rennes|year=2014|isbn=978-2-7535-3525-1|pages=135-145|language=fr|trans-title=Body and Territory, Arts and Literature across Europe and America|chapter=L'intericonicité chez Herman Braun-Vega|trans-chapter=Intericonicity among Herman Braun-Vega|quote=Semblant surgir d'un photoreportage sur l'Amérique latine actuelle, la figure centrale d'En attendant (Monet et Manet) est une femme accompagnée d'un enfant, placé en retrait derrière elle. Ils sont tous deux assis en tailleur sur le sol, et vendent là quelques plantes potagères empilées en petites pyramides. Image-frontière, image-contact dans le cadre de cette composition intericonique, elle est avant tout ici la représentation prototypique d'une modeste vendeuse de marché, icône pittoresque d'un fragment de vie quotidienne d'Amérique latine.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Braun-Vega|first=Herman|date=1984|title=En attendant (Monet et Manet)|url=https://braunvega.com/picture?/241/category/11-1986_1983|access-date=2025-03-25|website=braunvega.com|type=Acrylic on canvas, 195 × 300 cm}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Fourneret|first=Patrick|url=|title=Braun-Vega en 24 tableaux et un entretien|publisher=CRDP de Franche-Comté|year=1995|pages=32-33|language=fr, es|trans-title=Braun-Vega in 24 paintings and an interview|chapter=En attendant (Monet et Manet), 1984.|type=Interactive Compact Disc companion booklet|quote=ces personnages [...] nous font réfléchir à la contradiction des extrêmes, aux relations Nord-Sud. Évidemment ce couple central d'indiennes ne bénéficie pas de la décontraction qui règne dans le reste du tableau. Ailleurs c'est dimanche, qu'il s'agisse de l'environnement, de la façon de se vêtir... et ici c'est le quotidien.|chapter-url=https://braunvega.com/picture?/3027/category/576-braun_vega_en_24_tableaux_et_un_entretien}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Braun-Vega|first=Herman|date=1983|title=L'attente (Monet)|url=https://braunvega.com/picture?/301/category/11-1986_1983|access-date=2025-03-25|website=braunvega.com|type=Acrylic on canvas, 162 x 130 cm}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Braun-Vega|first=Herman|date=1986|title=La espera en el campo (Monet)|url=https://braunvega.com/picture?/978/category/11-1986_1983|access-date=2025-03-25|website=braunvega.com|type=Acrylic on canvas, 89 × 116 cm}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Braun-Vega|first=Herman|date=1987|title=Le temps des cerises (Monet, Cézanne, Picasso)|url=https://braunvega.com/picture?/220/category/12-1991_1987|access-date=2025-03-25|website=braunvega.com|type=Acrylic on canvas, 146 × 114 cm}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> c7k3bylhnfyzx44ql11mxn68tpj4iwp 0 38995 181007 160784 2026-08-05T00:40:33Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 3 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181007 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''The Love Letter''' (hollande: De liefdesbrief) ko nate dillooje ɗe Jan Vermeer waɗi e teeminannde 17ɓiire. Natal ngal ina hollita golloowo debbo ina haalana joom suudu mum e ɓataake mo debbo oo jogii. Natal ngal woni ko e nokku ina wiyee Rijksmuseum Amsterdam. == Limtol == Rido haɓɓaango e yeeso ngoo ina addana neɗɗo miijaade wonde ƴeewoowo oo ina ndaara dingiral keeringal, keeringal. Ina woodi kadi huunde e trompe-l'œil nde tawnoo nate Holanndee en ina keewi faweede e ridooji tokoosi ngam hisnude ɗi, kadi kuutorgal ridooji pentiirɗi ina njiyee e golle Holanndee en goɗɗe e oon sahaa. Diagonaaluuji e dow ŋoral ŋoral ina mbaɗa miijo luggiɗngo e mbaydiiji tati. Ko ɗum ɓataake giɗli mo debbo oo heɓi oo, ina laaɓti ko o joginoo citterne, sifaa luutndo huutorteende e yonta oo ngam maande giɗli - heewi ko giɗli ɓalli ; luit kadi ko helmere slang wonande vagina. Ngolɗoo miijo ina ɓeydoo tiiɗde e paɗe gonɗe les natal ngal. Slipper mo ittaa oo ko maande woɗnde e jikkuuji. Bursi leydi ndii ina wayi no ina hollira koɗki, tawa noon jogaade ɗum e bannge pentol ina waawi hollude wonde kulhuli koɗki njejjitaama walla ndartinaama. Nokkuuji bulo e kaŋŋe ina njogii nafoore e mbaydi nate ɗee. E nder galle mo The Love Letter waɗetee oo, paabi gildeeji ina kollita ngalu keewngu. <ref>{{Cite book|title=Vermeer|url=https://archive.org/details/janvermeer0000whee_k9e8|last=Wheelock|first=Arthur|publisher=Harry N. Abrams, INC.|year=1981|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/janvermeer0000whee_k9e8/page/110 110]–113}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Vermeer|url=https://archive.org/details/janvermeer0000whee_k9e8|last=Wheelock|first=Arthur|publisher=Harry N. Abrams, INC.|year=1981|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/janvermeer0000whee_k9e8/page/110 110]–113}}</ref>Kaalis oo ina woni e dow mbaydi debbo oo, dow ŋoral, e geɗe keewɗe, ko ɗum timminirta bulo e dow leydi, ŋoral golloowo, e kaɓirɗe natal ekn... Semmbe kiiɗɗo ina feeñi kadi e koloñaaluuji iyon ŋoral. Nate ɗiɗi gonɗe e mahol ɗee kadi ina maantini. Natal les ngal ko maayo ɓuuɓngo, nate giɗli ɓuuɓɗi.[citation needed] Dow maggal ko natal leydi yahoowo e laawol njaareendi. Ɗum ina waawi firtude ŋakkeende gorko binndoowo debbo oo.<ref>Patrick de Rynck, How to Read a Painting: Lessons from the Old Masters (Abrams: New York, 2004)</ref> Love Letter ina heddii tan e golle Vermeer ngam naatde e mbaydi geec.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Keyes|first=George S.|title=Mirror Of Empire : Dutch Marine Art Of The Seventeenth Century|url=https://archive.org/details/mirrorofempiredu0000keye|last2=De Vries|first2=Dirk|last3=Welu|first3=James A.|last4=Wilson|first4=Charles K.|publisher=Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge|year=1990|isbn=0-521-39328-0|location=United States|pages=[https://archive.org/details/mirrorofempiredu0000keye/page/58 58]|language=English}}</ref> == Iwdi mum == E feccere ɗimmere teeminannde 17ɓiire, ina gasa tawa nate ɗee keɓii nokku mum en e nder defte laamɗo Poloñ-Lituwaani biyeteeɗo John III Sobieski.[4] Hitaande 1696, limto galle laamorɗo Wilanów to Warsaw ina limtaa e nate Holanndee en "nate debbo, ina fija lute e nder mbaydi kaŋŋe, tawi suka debbo ina rokka ɗum ɓataake e nder kaɓirɗe ɓaleeje (obraz damy, grającej na lutni w złotej szaczyny list, a". == Wika == Ñalnde 23 suwee 1971, natal ngal wujjaa e kollirgol maggal to Centre des Beaux-Arts, to Biriksel, ɗo ngal ñamlaa e Rijksmuseum. Gujjo oo, ko Mario Pierre Roymans, mo duuɓi 21, o udditiino hoore makko e nder lowre kuuraa haa nde musee oo uddaa. O itti pentol ngol e dow mahol, o etii dogde e windo. Kono nde kaɓirgal ngal waawaano naatde e feɗeendu nduu, o taƴi kaɓirgal ngal e kaɓirgal maggal e peeñgol potal, o suuɗii nate ɗee e nder boowal makko caggal. Roymans adii suuɗde nate ɗee ko e suudu mum to nokku ɗo o gollotoo ɗoo, hono otel Soetewey (walla Soete-Wey). Caggal mum o ubbi nde e nder ladde, kono nde toɓo fuɗɗii, o heɓti nde, o suuɗi nde e nder suudu makko e nder ŋoral makko. Ina sikkaa ko kabaaru ƴiiƴam, e warngooji baɗnooɗi e hitaande 1971 to leydi Bangladesh addani Roymans waɗde ɗum. Ñalnde 3 oktoobar 1971, e kuutoragol innde « Tijl van Limburg » (jikku nannduɗo e Robin Hood), Roymans jokkondiri e jaaynde Biriksel wiyeteende Le Soir, naamndii yo jaaynoowo hawru e makko e nder ladde ina jogii kamera. O riiwi kabaaru oo, omo ɓoornii gite makko, o naati e ekkol, o udditi nate ɗee ummoraade e ɓuuɓri daneeri. Caggal nde o acci jaayndiyanke oo ƴetta fotooje kanndaa e nder fitirlaaji oto oo, o riiwi ɗum. O wiyi jaaynoowo oo wonde ko goonga omo yiɗi naalankaagal, kono kadi omo yiɗi neɗɗaagal. Caggal kawral ngal, natal ngal yaltinaa, e sarɗiiji Roymans : 200 miliyoŋ faraŋ belsik ina yoɓee mooliiɓe Bengali en wonɓe e Fuɗnaange Pakistaan, wonɓe e heege. Roymans ɓeydi heen ɗaɓɓude e Rijksmuseum to Amsterdam e Centre des Beaux-Arts to Bruxelles nde mbaɗtata kampaañ e nder leyɗeele mum en ngam dañde kaalis ngam haɓaade heege winndere ndee. Roymans waɗii lajal ngam ɗeen ɗaɓɓaande ko ñalnde alarba 6 oktoobar. Polis ƴetti fotooje ɗee ngam seedaade, naamndii karallo naalankaagal ngam hoolkisaade wonde ko ɗe nate tigi rigi. Ko ɗum tabitinaa, kono ɗoon e ɗoon caggal nde ɗum tabitinaa, gardiiɗo Rijksmuseum, hono Arthur van Schendel, wiyi wonde fotooje ɗee ngonaa seedeeji keewɗi kollitooji goonga.[5] E balɗe garooje ɗee Roymans jokki jokkondirde e jaayɗe ; o nanngaa ko polis ñalnde o joofni caggal nde o noddi jaaynde. Natal ngal artiraa ko Rijksmuseum ñalnde 8 oktoobar kono ngal anndaaka e jamaanu haa ñalnde 11 oktoobar, ngal wonnoo ko e ngonka bonka no feewi caggal nde ngal taƴaa e mbaydi mbaylaandi e nder barmeeji maggal e kaɓirgal maggal. Restoraasiyoŋ oo waɗii ko ina wona hitaande. Roymans rokkaama njoɓdi ñaawirdu, o ñaawaa duuɓi ɗiɗi kasoo, kono...o golli tan ko lebbi jeegom.[6] == Ƴeew kadi == * Doggol nate ɗe Johannes Vermeer waɗi * Pentol jamaanu kaŋŋe Holannda == Tuugnorgal == ipr74t1aekacwcfa3g42a5wurj0mip2 0 39067 181070 160998 2026-08-05T01:48:57Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181070 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Rewɓe tato e ndunngu''' ko deftere nate nebam ɗe Pablo Picasso waɗi e mbaadi Neoklasik. Nate ɗee peewniraa ko e ndunngu 1921 to Fontainebleau, Farayse, e oon sahaa kadi o pentii Musiɗɓe tato. Kala natal ina waɗi sukaaɓe rewɓe tato ina njirloo e ɓuuɓri. Picasso huutoriima geɗe juuɗe rewɓe tato ɗee ngam tabitinde miijo e suɓaade njuɓɓudi.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Lanchner|first=Carolyn|title=Pablo Picasso|url=https://archive.org/details/pablopicasso0000lanc|date=2008|publisher=Museum of Modern Art|isbn=9780870707230|pages=[https://archive.org/details/pablopicasso0000lanc/page/27 27]–30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/on1400088223|title=Picasso in Fontainebleau|date=2023|publisher=The Museum of Modern Art|isbn=978-1-63345-139-1|editor-last=Umland|editor-first=Anne|location=New York|oclc=on1400088223|editor-last2=Ferrari|editor-first2=Francesca|editor-last3=Morrison|editor-first3=Alexandra|editor-last4=Museum of Modern Art (New York, N.Y.)}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Three Women at the Spring|url=https://www.moma.org/collection/works/79762|access-date=2024-05-01|website=[[Museum of Modern Art]]}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> lr9oewrtfa89nxkoq7w7fjd4f5ka15w 0 39086 180861 161066 2026-08-04T21:53:20Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180861 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Natal debbo''' ko pentol nebam e dow canvas ngol Correggio waɗi, ñalnde c.1517-c.1520. Natal ngal ina jokki hannde to galle mooftirɗo nate Hermitage to Saint-Pétersbourg. Tariya Daartol adanngol nate ɗee anndaaka. Nde woni ko e jeyi galle mooftirɗo nate Hermitage gila 1925. No nate ɗee mbayi nii ina hollita nde sosaa ko e sahaa gooto e nate Camera di San Paolo. Natal ngal ina heewi nanndireede e Madonna mo Carvaggio waɗi e dow ŋoral. Ndeeɗoo natal meeɗiino siforeede ko Lorenzo Lotto, kono siforaama Corregio tuugnaade e siyno e dow ŋoral lekki to bannge nano. Limtol Detaay junngo e koppi limre ndee Natal debbo ko nate mawɗe, 103cm e 87,5cm. Ina hollita natal debbo njuuteendi feccere e feccere tati, e dow ŋoral lekki (ɓurki ɓaleeri) e nokku woɗɗuɗo to bannge ñaamo, mo asamaan ɓuuɓɗo luggiɗiiɗo ɓuri heewde. Debbo holliraaɗo oo ina fadi bannge nano natal ngal, yeeso mum ina fawii e ƴeewoowo oo. Omo ɓoornii wutte ɓaleejo e boɗeejo, ɓuuɓɗo. Omo jogii mbaydi gaasa laaɓtundi ndi broos jogori jogaade e nokku mum. O ɓoornotoo kadi ko wutte kaŋŋe. E junngo debbo oo ina waɗi kaas binndaaɗo e ɗemngal Gerek; Binndi ɗii ko ciimtol Odyssée Homer ("NHΠENΘΕΣ", walla Nepenthe) Les ndeeɗoo koppi ina waɗi ɓoggol e koyngal debbo oo. Lartol Hay so tawii anndaaka hol kiliyaneeɓe ɓee, binndol ummoraade e Odyssey Homer ina hollita wonde ɓe ngonnoo ko e fedde jannguɓe, yiɗɓe binndol ɓooyngol. Koolaaɗo kuuɓal, "NHΠENΘΕΣ", walla nepenthe, ina waawi wonde limto ko woni e nder koppi ɗii ; e nder Odyssey, nepenthe ko ñawu kuutorteengu ngam haɓaade mette. Comci debbo oo, jeewte mum e mbaydi mum laaɓtundi ina kollita kadi wonde debbo oo ko neɗɗo toowɗo e nder renndo. Kaɓirgal gonngal e koyngal debbo oo ko maande Farayse.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Portrait of a Lady by Correggio|url=https://www.palazzomagnani.it/en/exhibition/portrait-of-a-lady-by-correggio/|access-date=26 October 2022|website=Fondazione Palazzo Magnani}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Fornari Schianchi|first=Lucia|title=Correggio|url=https://archive.org/details/correggio0000forn|publisher=Scala|year=1994|isbn=9781878351463|location=Florence|pages=[https://archive.org/details/correggio0000forn/page/16 16]}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Gould|first=Cecil Hilton Monk|title=The paintings of Correggio|url=https://archive.org/details/paintingsofcorre0000goul|publisher=Cornell University Press|year=1976|isbn=080140973X|location=[[Ithaca, New York|Ithaca]], New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/paintingsofcorre0000goul/page/211 211]}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> lp01ctnngbvugqzk6ck1utoaoxw6lhp 0 39117 180832 161146 2026-08-04T21:17:26Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180832 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Kimono boɗeejo e dow suudu''' ko nate nebam ɗe naalanke Ameriknaajo biyeteeɗo John Sloan waɗi, tawaaɗe e nder galle pinal biyeteeɗo Indianapolis, woni to wuro Indianapolis, to leydi Amerik. Penndaa e hitaande 1912, fannu mum dowri e golle mum ina mbaɗa ɗum yeru moƴƴo e golle Duɗal Ashcan, ngal gollotoo ko e wuro New York e duuɓi gadani teeminannde noogas. Limtol Kimono boɗeejo e dow suudu ko nate debbo ina ɓoornii wutte boɗeejo ɓuuɓɗo ina fawi lootde e dow suudu New York, ina fawi e hunuko mum ɓuuɓri. Ko Sloan waɗi e mbaydi mbaylaandi ina rokka pentol ngol mbaydi njuumri, tawi noon hakkille makko laaɓtuɗo e annoore e ɓuuɓri ina hollita yahdu sahaa. Ndee ɗoo feccere teeŋtunde e bannge fuɗnaange les ina gasa tawa nanngi gite Sloan sabu kimono mo debbo oo ɓoorni, suɓngo sartorial bohemian ɓuuɓngo, ngo yahdaani no feewi e deftere Maratta colour system nde Sloan fuɗɗinoo huutoraade e nate mum keewɗe sober. Ndeeɗoo natal kadi ina hollita waylo-waylo gila e dow haa dow e nder canvases Sloan, waylo-waylo naalankaagal e faamde waɗnoo hakkunde 1909 e 1915. Kabaaru caggal Sloan ina yiɗi nate dow suudu ɗe o yiyata e suudu makko to suudu sappo e go’o to Sixth Avenue to wuro Greenwich. Omo waawi ƴeewde les yimɓe ɓe nganndu-ɗaa ina njaha e golle mum en ñalnde kala, nguurndam mum en ina waɗa ɗum en no jikkuuji e dingiral nii, ina mbaɗa jimɗi ngam heɗotooɓe gooto. Denndaangal terɗe Duɗal Ashcan ngal, e nder jaŋde, ina ndewi e sentimentalité, ina ɗala natal mum en tiiɗngal slice-of-life ina haala koye mum en. Hay Sloan, ɓurɗo waawde politik e fedde nde, hono sosiyaalist golloowo, salii editorial e nate mum. Daartol nokku E hitaande 2008, IMA ñamli Kimono boɗeejo dow suudu ngam hollirde yah-ngartaa ina wiyee "Yiyde wuro: New York Sloan." So tawii koolol ngol e hoore mum waɗi ko tuggi oktoobar 2007 haa desaambar 2008, golle peewnugol nate ɗee ngam yahde puɗɗii ko ɓuri hitaande ko adii ɗuum. Ɗum jiidaa e kala ko ina ummoo e ƴeewtaade ngonka pentol ngol haa e ƴeewtaade kaɓirɗe kisal musiibaaji goɗɗi ɗii haa e peewnugol kaɓirgal diwooje keeringal. Koolol ngol yilliima nokku pinal Delaware, nokku pinal Amerik Westmoreland, nokku pinal Smart to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Chicago, e galle Reynolda. Marde Kimono boɗeejo e dow suudu ko IMA heɓi ɗum e hitaande 1954, e ballal kaalis James E. Roberts. Nde woni ko e yiyeede e Galle Urban Realism, nde jogii ko limoore keɓgol 54,55.<ref>{{cite web|title=John Sloan (1871-1951) Red Kimono on the Roof|url=http://kittman.wordpress.com/2007/02/21/john-sloan-1871-1951-red-kimono-on-the-roof-1/|publisher=Public Reader Daily Magazine|access-date=25 November 2012|date=21 February 2007}}</ref><ref name="lee">{{cite book|last1=Lee|first1=Ellen Wardwell|last2=Robinson|first2=Anne|title=Indianapolis Museum of Art: Highlights of the Collection|publisher=[[Indianapolis Museum of Art]]|location=[[Indianapolis]]|year=2005|isbn=0936260777}}</ref><ref name="thomas">{{cite web|last=Thomas|first=Mary|title=Sloan's New York morphs from intimate scenes to cityscapes|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/stories/ae/uncategorized/sloans-new-york-morphs-from-intimate-scenes-to-cityscapes-384047/|publisher=[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]]|access-date=25 November 2012|date=9 March 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=McDonnell|first=Patricia|title=On the Edge of Your Seat: Popular Theater and Film in Early 20th-Century American Art|year=2002|publisher=[[Yale University Press]]|location=[[New Haven, Connecticut]]|isbn=0300092407|pages=240|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8AdPhyxxlSsC&q=red+Kimono+on+the+Roof&pg=PA176}}</ref><ref name="day">{{cite book|last=Day|first=Holliday T.|title=Indianapolis Museum of Art Collections Handbook|url=https://archive.org/details/indianapolismuse00unse|year=1988|publisher=[[Indianapolis Museum of Art]]|location=[[Indianapolis]]|isbn=0936260203}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Warkel|first=Harriet|title=Art on Tour: Where is the John Sloan Painting?|url=http://www.imamuseum.org/blog/2008/11/03/art-on-tour-where-is-the-john-sloan-painting/#more-1179|publisher=[[Indianapolis Museum of Art]]|access-date=25 November 2012|date=3 November 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Lawson|first=Dennis|title=Delaware Art Museum Presents Seeing the City: John Sloan's New York|url=http://www.delart.org/about/pressroom/archived_PR/2007/10-9-07_pr_seeingthecity_regional.pdf|publisher=[[Delaware Art Museum]]|access-date=25 November 2012|date=9 October 2007}}{{dead link|date=April 2018|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref name="ima">{{cite web|title=Red Kimono on the Roof|url=http://www.imamuseum.org/art/collections/artwork/red-kimono-roof-sloan-john|publisher=[[Indianapolis Museum of Art]]|access-date=25 November 2012}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> fz3binbnsuf9fvz5bkhaj9pvazjeig9 0 39125 181159 161180 2026-08-05T03:12:08Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181159 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Pompadour to Her Toilette''' ko nate nebam ɗe François Boucher waɗi gila 1750 (e ɓeydaare caggal ɗuum) ina hollira Madame de Pompadour, joom suudu laamɗo Farayse Luwis XV. Natal Boucher ina wiyee « Madame de Pompadour » ina hollita kadi mbaydi Rokoko Sifaa pentol ngol wayliima laabi keewɗi caggal nde ngol sosaa. Ko adii fof ko bust tokooso, njuuteendi, taƴaaɗo no feewi e yeeso Pompadour.: 108 Boucher caggal ɗuum mawnini kanndaa oo e njuuteendi njuuteendi keewndi, ɓeydi heen e nder dingiral toilette taariindi.<ref name=":334">{{Cite book|last1=Hyde|first1=Melissa Lee|url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/ocm60644729|title=Making up the rococo: François Boucher and his critics|last2=Boucher|first2=François|date=2006|publisher=Getty Research Institute|isbn=978-0-89236-743-6|series=Texts & documents|location=Los Angeles, CA|oclc=ocm60644729}}</ref>: 108 the teemedere,u won e teeminannde njuɓɓinaama ngam rokkude ɗum mbaadi oval.<ref name=":423">{{Cite book|title=Madame de Pompadour: painted pink|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780300263817|date=2022|publisher=Harvard Art Museums|isbn=978-0-300-26381-7|editor-last=Albinson|editor-first=A. Cassandra|location=Cambridge, Mass|editor-last2=Ledbury|editor-first2=Mark|editor-last3=Szalay|editor-first3=Gabriella|editor-last4=Wunsch|editor-first4=Oliver}}</ref> Ko yaaji koo ina maantini e ko hollirta Pompadour e nder golle mum e waɗde masiŋaaji mum rouge.<ref name=":222">{{Cite journal|last=Goodman-Soellner|first=Elise|date=1987|title=Boucher's "Madame de Pompadour at Her Toilette"|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3780687|journal=Simiolus: Netherlands Quarterly for the History of Art|volume=17|issue=1|pages=41–58|doi=10.2307/3780687|jstor=3780687|issn=0037-5411|url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 74 Yanti heen, ɓeydugol masiŋaaji rouge ina jokkondiri e mbaydiiji ɓurɗi lollude e ɓalli pink e oon sahaa: 75 Daartooɓe naalankaagal heewɓe ina njiyloo makeup e de pidition waylooji e nder jimɗi ɗii ko wiɗto Pompadour e nder njuɓɓudi natal mum.<ref name=":3342" /><ref name=":132">{{Cite journal|last=Lajer-Burcharth|first=Ewa|date=2001|title=Pompadour's Touch: Difference in Representation|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/rep.2001.73.1.54|journal=Representations|volume=73|issue=1|pages=54–88|doi=10.1525/rep.2001.73.1.54|jstor=10.1525/rep.2001.73.1.54|issn=0734-6018|url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Konngol e sifaa == Boucher waɗi natal ngal ko e hitaande 1750, nde Madam de Pompadour ina yahra e duuɓi 37. Oon sahaa, omo wondi e ɓuuɓri, ɓuuɓri, ɓuuɓri ƴiiƴam, e ñawuuji goɗɗi. Ɓanndu makko wonti ɓuuɓndu e ƴiye sabu ŋakkere teddeendi, ɓalndu makko wonti ɓuuɓndu e ɓuuɓndu. Nii woni, natal ngal hollirta mbaydi makko cellundi e ɓalndu makko daneeru ɓuuɓndu, ɓuri hollirde ko ŋarɗugol makko e cukaagu makko ɓennuɗo, ko ɗum addani mo heɓde darnde laamɗo debbo ɓurɗo yiɗeede.<ref name=":02">{{Cite journal|last=Hyde|first=Melissa|date=2000|title=The "Makeup" of the Marquise: Boucher's Portrait of Pompadour at Her Toilette|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3051397|journal=The Art Bulletin|volume=82|issue=3|pages=453–475|doi=10.2307/3051397|jstor=3051397|issn=0004-3079|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Kuutoragol Boucher e mbaydiiji ɓuuɓɗi, kalaaji pastel, e geɗe teskinɗe ina hollita sifaaji dille Rococo.117 Naatgol maquillage ina ɓeydoo jokkondirde e teeŋtin’de Rococo e fawaade e fawaade e dowri e artifice. Pink ɓaleejo e daneejo ɓuri heewde e palet Boucher e nder ndeeɗoo nate, nde yahdata e kalaaji kosmetik ɓurɗi lollude e oon sahaa.: 457 E nder kuutoragol makko pink ɓaleejo e daneejo, Boucher ina waawi ƴettude nanndi hakkunde pentol nebam e maquillage, jokkondirngol ritual e naalankaagal toilette. 457–458 Puɗi daneeji e nder gaasa Madame de Pompadour e mbaydiiji daneeji sara daarorgal ina mbaɗa ko seerndi mbaydiiji pinndi ɓurɗi heewde. 74 Piindi ɓuuɓndi e ɓuuɓndi ndi Boucher huutortoo ngam sosde fenaande == Jokkondiral hakkunde Pompadour e Boucher == Madame de Pompadour ina joginoo jotondiral naalankaagal juutngal e Boucher, ina heewi yamirde mo yo o pentu natal makko. Haa teeŋti noon, Pompadour to suudu safrirdu mum ina waawi yiyeede ko golle ballondiral hakkunde Madame de Pompadour e Boucher. Ko o naalanke e teeminannde sappo e jeetatiire, Boucher ko neɗɗo mawɗo e nder dingiral Rococo. Kono, palet colour makko sifaa oo, dañii weltaare e ñiŋooje. Nokkuuji Boucher pink e pastel wondude e mbaydiiji makko ɓuuɓɗi ina kuutoroo ngam hollirde mbaadi naalankaagal makko ceertungal no naalanke Rococo nii. Ko noon kadi Madame de Pompadour huutoriri karallaagal Boucher ngam hollirde natal mum. Nde Boucher waɗi natal ngal, Madame de Pompadour ardii njiimaandi ndii, o diisnondiri e hoore makko wonde debbo teeŋtuɗo, alɗuɗo. Ngol gollondiral waɗi natal ngal ko mbaydi naalanke e patron fof.[8][7] Natal Pompadour at Her Toilette ko deftere hesere e nder laabi ɗiɗi ngam hollirde hoore mum e nder peewnugol naalankaagal. Natal Madame de Pompadour ina waɗa maquillage ina nanndi e Boucher waɗde pentiir nebam e dow canvas, ina ɓuuɓna diidi hakkunde darnde naalanke e subject. Otonomi mo Madame de Pompadour holliri oo ina hollita wonde ko kanko foti wonde golloowo natal ngal, wonaa tan e dow mum. == Huutoraade masiŋaaji == Kompaaji rouge vintage ɗiɗo E junngo wooto, Madame de Pompadour ina jogii tinndinoore rouge tokosere, e junngo ngoɗngo, omo jogii ɓuuɓri cosmetik kesiri ndi ɓuuɓnaa e mbaydi ndii, ina hesɗitina ɗum e ɓalndu makko.[1][3] E teeminannde sappo e jeetatiire, maquillage rouge ina waɗi feere no feewi e ɓalndu ɓaleeru, ina ɓeyda ɓaleejo mum, ko ɗum woni ko sikkaa ko tolno ŋarɗugol.[3] E nder daartol, rouge kadi ina maantiniri darnde renndo ɓurnde toowde e ŋarɗugol laamɗo.[1] Toɗɗagol Madame de Pompadour e laamɗo debbo ɓurɗo teddineede e seniiɗo biyeteeɗo Marie Leszczyńska, jibinii luural e hitaande 1756 lineage.[1]: 109 Ina sikkaa, e nder darnde makko hesere, Madame de Pompadour ina woppa 6oornanteeri mum 6urndi yoocfde e 6oornanteeri rouge.[1]: 110 E nder heen, o feeñii e ñaawirdu nduu ina 6eydoo 6oornaade comci e 6oornanteeri de1:1 Feere Pompadour ngam salaade aadaaji e jogaade mbaydi mum e mbaydiiji mum keewɗi ina hollita ndimaagu mum e siftinde ko woni e mum koo, tawa aldaa e paltoor e ko renndo ngoo ɗaminii. Madame de Pompadour huutoriima makeup ngam hollirde ngalu mum e darnde mum toownde e nder ñaawirdu, tawi ina yejjita ɓeen ɓe cikkata ko o fotaani. So tawii Madame de Pompadour ina joginoo darnde renndoyankoore teeŋtunde, kollirgol makko cuusal e rouge Farayse ina waawi firteede ko jaɓɓaade geɗe luumo Farayse e ooɗoo sahaa e hollirde njiimaandi makko e mbaydiiji.[3] Yanti heen, faandaare makko ko jogaade jokkondiral ɓurngal tiiɗde hakkunde alɗuɓe ummoriiɓe. == Tuugnorgal == {{Reflist}} 7u62jct14p90b58it84ls67wop94sut 0 39151 181144 161270 2026-08-05T02:56:45Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181144 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''La Blanchisseuse''' (e Farayse: [la blɑ̃ʃisøz], Ɓoornuɗo) ko nate 1886 ɗe naalanke Faraysenaajo biyeteeɗo Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec waɗi e nebam e dow mbaydi.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|date=2024-03-15|title=Exploring The Laundress by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec|url=https://www.singulart.com/blog/en/2024/03/15/the-laundress-by-henri-de-toulouse-lautrec/|access-date=|website=Singulart Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref>E lewru noowammbar 2005, nde soodi ko 22,4 miliyoŋ dolaar Amerik e nder soodgol Christie's.<ref name="The New York Sun - 2 November 2005 - Toulouse-Lautrec Drives Big Night at Christie's">{{cite news|url=http://www.nysun.com/arts/toulouse-lautrec-drives-big-night-at-christies/22410/|title=Toulouse-Lautrec Drives Big Night at Christie's|last=Berwick|first=Carly|date=November 2, 2005|work=[[The New York Sun]]|accessdate=8 February 2015|archive-date=9 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191009122601/https://www.nysun.com/arts/toulouse-lautrec-drives-big-night-at-christies/22410/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="The New York Sun - 2 November 2005 - Toulouse-Lautrec Drives Big Night at Christie's2">{{cite news|url=http://www.nysun.com/arts/toulouse-lautrec-drives-big-night-at-christies/22410/|title=Toulouse-Lautrec Drives Big Night at Christie's|last=Berwick|first=Carly|date=November 2, 2005|work=[[The New York Sun]]|accessdate=8 February 2015|archive-date=9 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191009122601/https://www.nysun.com/arts/toulouse-lautrec-drives-big-night-at-christies/22410/|url-status=dead}}</ref> La Blanchisseuse ko Toulouse-Lautrec penti ɗum, Carmen Gaudin waɗi ɗum e hitaande 1886. Ngolɗoo natal ina hollita nguurndam ɓuuɓɗam e ngonka golle ɗe yimɓe gollotooɓe muñnoo e nder teeminannde 19ɓiire fof. Haala lootooɓe, anndiraa kadi washerwomen, ko huunde nde yimɓe fof njiɗi e nder naalankaagal, haa teeŋti noon e leydi Farayse.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|date=2024-03-15|title=Exploring The Laundress by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec|url=https://www.singulart.com/blog/en/2024/03/15/the-laundress-by-henri-de-toulouse-lautrec/|access-date=|website=Singulart Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> Haala kaa ina yahdi kadi e nafoore Toulouse-Lautrec e hollirde pelle marginaale ko wayi no yimooɓe, jommbaajo, e waɗooɓe sirku.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Malcolmson|first=Patricia|title=English laundresses : a social history, 1850-1930|url=https://archive.org/details/englishlaundress0000malc|date=1986|publisher=University of Illinois Press|isbn=0-252-01293-3|location=Urbana|page=[https://archive.org/details/englishlaundress0000malc/page/6 6]|oclc=12808522}}</ref> Natal ngal ina heddii e defte haa hitaande 2005, nde soodoowo mo anndaaka heɓi ngal e 22,4 miliyoŋ dolaar, tawi noon ko limre ɓurnde yaajde e natal Lautrec yeeyde e soodgol. == Tuugnorgal == cr1rh2tyr0jy7mx7m5tudsjhh7xzyk4 0 39156 180919 161296 2026-08-04T22:52:15Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180919 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Bharat Mata''' ko golle ɗe pentoowo Inndonaajo biyeteeɗo Abanindranath Tagore penti e hitaande 1905, innde mum adannde ko Banga Mata (“Yumma Bengal”), caggal ɗuum inniraa Bharat Mata (“Yumma Inndo”).<ref name="Banerji20102">{{cite book|title=The Alternate Nation of Abanindranath Tagore|url=https://archive.org/details/alternatenationo0000bane|last1=Banerji|first1=Debashish|publisher=Sage publications|year=2010|isbn=978-81-321-0239-7|page=[https://archive.org/details/alternatenationo0000bane/page/28 28]}}</ref>Nde tuugii ko e neɗɗaagu leñol ngol no Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay siforii e nder deftere mum Anandamath. Naalankaagal ngal ina hollita debbo ɓoorniiɗo wutte safaara, ɓoorniiɗo wutte sadhvi, ina jogii deftere, ɓuuɓri paɗe, ɓuuɓri daneeri, e garland rudraksha (mala) e juuɗe mum nay. Natal ngal woni ko adii hollirde miijo ngoo, ngal pentiraa ko e miijooji Swadesh e nder dille jeytaare Inndo ɓurɗe mawnude.<ref name="Banerji2010">{{cite book|title=The Alternate Nation of Abanindranath Tagore|url=https://archive.org/details/alternatenationo0000bane|last1=Banerji|first1=Debashish|publisher=Sage publications|year=2010|isbn=978-81-321-0239-7|page=[https://archive.org/details/alternatenationo0000bane/page/28 28]}}</ref> Abanindranath, ɓiɗɗo mawniiko yimoowo e naalanke biyeteeɗo Rabindranath Tagore, o yiyti ko e cukaagu makko jikkuuji naalankaagal galle Tagore. Tagore ina heewnoo janngude naalankaagal nde o fuɗɗii janngude to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Sanskrit to Kolkata e kitaale 1880. E duuɓi makko gadani, Tagore ina fenti e mbaadi naturalism Orop, ina feeñi e nate makko gadane ko wayi no The Armoury. Hedde hitaande 1867 walla 1887, banndiraaɓe Tagore biyeteeɗo Gyanadanandini Devi sosiino batu hakkunde Tagore e E.B. Havell, gardinooɗo duɗal naalankaagal laamu to Calcutta. Joɗnde ndee waɗii mbayliigu keewngu hakkunde Havell e Tagore, Havell heɓi gollodiiɗo naalankaagal jibinannde mum, jogiiɗo miijooji e nder njuɓɓudi mum, Tagore heɓi jannginoowo jannginoowo mo ko fayti e ‘ganndal’ daartol naalankaagal Inndo. O etinooma waɗtude Tagore e cukko hooreejo duɗal naalankaagal ngal, ngal wonnoo ko e luulndaare mawnde e nder duɗal ngal. Havell fotnoo ko ɓuuɓnude ko heewi e kuule duɗal ngal ngam waɗde ɗum, o muñani geɗe keewɗe ɗe Tagore waɗi haa arti noon e ɓuuɓnude hoodere e nder cuuɗi janngirɗe e salaade jokkude e waktuuji.[2] == Kuje == Bharat Mata ina hollira wonde debbo diine ɓoorniiɗo wutte safaara, ina jogii deftere, ɓuuɓri, ɓuuɓri daneeri e rosaari e juuɗe mum nay. Natal ngal ina jogii nafoore daartol sabu ngal jeyaa ko e nate gadane ɗe Bharat Mata, walla "Yumma Indiya."<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://scroll.in/article/805990/far-from-being-eternal-bharat-mata-is-only-a-little-more-than-100-years-old|title=Far from being eternal, Bharat Mata is only a little more than 100 years old|last=Jha|first=DN|work=Scroll.in|access-date=2017-04-22|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=India and the Contemporary World-II: Textbook in History for Class X|date=2011|publisher=NCERT|isbn=978-81-7450-707-5|location=New Delhi|pages=47|chapter=Nationalism in India|oclc=750383036|chapter-url=https://ncert.nic.in/ncerts/l/jess303.pdf}}</ref> == Teemedde e binndol == Golle ɗee pentiraa ko e sahaa dille Swadeshi. Diɗɗal ngal fuɗɗii ko e jaabawol Feccere Bengal (1905), nde Lord Curzon fecci nokkuuji fuɗnaange Bengal ɓurɗi heewde juulɓe e nokkuuji hirnaange ɓurɗi heewde Hindu en. E nder jaabawol, ngenndiyankooɓe Inndo tawtoraaɓe e dille swadeshi, kaɓaaki e Angalteer, ɓe ndartini marsandiis e juɓɓule Angalteer, ɓe mbaɗi batuuji e seppooji, ɓe mbaɗi goomuuji, ɓe mbaɗi doole dipolomasi.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Johnson|first=Gordon|date=May 1973|title=Partition, Agitation and Congress: Bengal 1904 To 1908|journal=Modern Asian Studies|volume=7|issue=3|pages=533–588|jstor=311853|doi=10.1017/s0026749x0000531x|s2cid=144963374}}</ref> Natal hakkundeewal pentol ngol ina jogii geɗe keewɗe jowitiiɗe e pinal Inndo e faggudu Inndo e fuɗɗoode teeminannde noogasɓiire, ko wayi no deftere, ƴiye paddorɗe, ƴiye daneeje e garland. Yanti heen, nate hakkundeeje pentol ngol ina njogii juuɗe nay, ina njiyloo natal hindu, ina nanndi e juuɗe keewɗe e doole mawɗe.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Johnson|first=Gordon|date=May 1973|title=Partition, Agitation and Congress: Bengal 1904 To 1908|journal=Modern Asian Studies|volume=7|issue=3|pages=533–588|jstor=311853|doi=10.1017/s0026749x0000531x|s2cid=144963374}}</ref> Natal ngal hollitaama ko "eɓɓoore neɗɗankaagal 'Bharat Mata' ɗo yumma oo yiɗi ndimaagu rewrude e ɓiɓɓe mum", Jayanta Sengupta, gardiiɗo suudu defte Inndo to Kolkata, Inndo.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://scroll.in/article/805990/far-from-being-eternal-bharat-mata-is-only-a-little-more-than-100-years-old|title=Far from being eternal, Bharat Mata is only a little more than 100 years old|last=Jha|first=DN|work=Scroll.in|access-date=2017-04-22|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=India and the Contemporary World-II: Textbook in History for Class X|date=2011|publisher=NCERT|isbn=978-81-7450-707-5|location=New Delhi|pages=47|chapter=Nationalism in India|oclc=750383036|chapter-url=https://ncert.nic.in/ncerts/l/jess303.pdf}}</ref> == Caggal nde timmi == Gila hitaande 1905, iteraaji keewɗi e Bharat Mata mbaɗaama e nder nate e fannuuji naalankaagal goɗɗi. Kono tan, nafoore nate Tagore asliije ɗee ina anndaa haa jooni. E hitaande 2016, Bharat Mata hollitaama e nder galle ciftorgol Victoria to Kolkata, leydi Indiya.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Johnson|first=Gordon|date=May 1973|title=Partition, Agitation and Congress: Bengal 1904 To 1908|journal=Modern Asian Studies|volume=7|issue=3|pages=533–588|jstor=311853|doi=10.1017/s0026749x0000531x|s2cid=144963374}}</ref> Sister Nivedita, jiɗɗo Duɗal Naalankaagal Bengal, yetti natal ngal, o wiyi : Gila e fuɗɗoode haa e joofnirde, natal ngal ko eeraango, e ɗemngal indiyanke, e ɓernde indiyankoore. Ko ngol woni go’o ko ngol woni go’o ko e mbaydi kesiri. Miɗo rewna- ɗum, so mi waawii, e ujunnaaje ujunnaaje, miɗo saakta ɗum e dow leydi, haa alaa ko woni e mum so wonaa galle remoowo, walla galle golloowo, hakkunde Kedar Nath e Cape Comorin, mo alaa ndee ɗoo yeewtere Bharat-Mata won ɗo e dow mahe mum. Ko heewi e sahaaji, so neɗɗo ina ndaara sifaaji maggal, ina 6eydoo 6uu6de e laa6al e 6uu6ol neɗɗaagu hollirteengu nguu.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Johnson|first=Gordon|date=May 1973|title=Partition, Agitation and Congress: Bengal 1904 To 1908|journal=Modern Asian Studies|volume=7|issue=3|pages=533–588|jstor=311853|doi=10.1017/s0026749x0000531x|s2cid=144963374}}</ref> == Tiitoonde e ngonka binndol == Jaaynde Prabasi Nivedita miñi mum debbo Ndeeɗoo natal lollunde, nde Abanindranath Tagore winndi, alaa innde mum nde yimɓe fof njiɗi hannde, hono Bharat Mata, nde nde yalti e jaaynde lollunde, wiyeteende Prabasi, ko fayti e naalankaagal e pinal. Ko winndaa e natal ngal e nder jaaynde ndee ko : Matrimurti. Konngol ngol e ɗemngal Bengali firti ko mbaydi Yumma. E ko luutndii noddaango ñalnde heen, innde naalanke oo kadi, feeñaani e bannge caption. Kanko Abanindranath Tagore o miijinoo ko innde nate ɗee ko Banga Mata, firti ko Yumma Bengal. Sibu naalanke oo tuugninoo ko e debbo bengaliyanke keewɗo, ñalnde kala, ko ode e makko. Kono tan miijooji ngenndiyaŋkooji ɗi natal ngal ummini ɗii, mbayli ɗum Banga Mata Abanindranath, wonti Bharat Mata, neɗɗo pan-Indiya, ɓuuɓnoowo yimɓe e nder njuuteendi e yaajde ngenndi ndii. Kono ko miñi mum debbo biyeteeɗo Nivedita rewtini natal ngal Bharat Mata, o teskiima heen ikonaaji e politik maggale wakilaagu e nder detal. Nivedita yiɗii nate ɗee no feewi haa o yiɗi nawde ɗe gila Kashmir haa Kanyakumari ngam ustude yimɓe ɓee e mantra Swadeshi.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2015-03-01|title=Abanindranath's Bharat Mata on display|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/kolkata/abanindranaths-bharat-mata-on-display/article6949692.ece|access-date=2023-04-19|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref name="banga">{{cite web|title=Abanindranath Tagore Bharat Mata, Bengal School of Art, Rabindranath Tagore, & Facts Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Abanindranath-Tagore#ref431075|website=www.britannica.com|language=en|date=3 August 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Partition of Bengal Date, History, Curzon, Swadeshi Movement, Annulment, & Facts Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Partition-of-Bengal|website=www.britannica.com|access-date=5 September 2025|language=en|date=15 July 2025}}</ref>E makko, maandeeji ɗii e teeŋti noon e geɗe ɗe natal ngal jogii, ina kollita maanaaji laaɓtuɗi ngenndiyaŋkooji doole e reentaade. Magazine Prabasi ina joginoo caggal ɗuum nate nannduɗe e nate yumma e nder ooɗoo sahaa Swadeshi. Ina jeyaa e ɗeen : nate Saint-Jenévieve, gardinooɗo Pari, ɗe Pierre-Cécile Puvis de Chavannes penti, e nate Madonna, ɗe Dagnan-Bouveret, pentoowo tagoore Faraysenaajo penti. Natal Dagnan-Buveret kadi ina wiyee Matrimurti.[12] Ɗeeɗoo nate rewɓe fof e nate mum en ina kollita miijo nanndungo e laaɓal, e reentaade e ndimaagu gonngu e nder mbaydi debbo yumma. Nde Nivedita innitiri natal Abanindranath ngal ko Bharat Mata, ina addana ngal tolno gooto e natal rewɓe Kerecee’en. Nii woni, o jokkondirii canngaaki Abanindranath e nanondiral naalankaagal Orop ngam ƴellitde ruuhu leydi ndii e yiɗde leydi ndii e mbaadi yumma. E nder ɗuum o haɓata e Biritaan en e njiimaandi koloñaal mum en e Inndo, o rokka Inndonaaɓe mbaydi yumma laaɓtundi ndi ɓe mbaawi jokkondirde e mum, e jokkondirde e miijo maɓɓe e ngenndi ndii, e ɓe mbaawa kadi humpitaade ngam tawtoreede Swadeshi.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=DAG Museums on Instagram: "Is this painting really titled 'Bharat Mata'?|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CnpBZN-y_ab/|access-date=2023-04-19|via=Instagram|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":02">{{Cite web|title=DAG Museums on Instagram: "Is this painting really titled 'Bharat Mata'?|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CnpBZN-y_ab/|access-date=2023-04-19|via=Instagram|language=en}}</ref> Bharat Mata mo Abanindranath Tagore winndi, noddaango Muuseum DAG, ina jokkondiri e naalankaagal Swadeshi e ƴellitaare mbaydi Pan-Asiya, estetik e idiom. Kono so neɗɗo ƴeewii ƴellitaare seeɗa-seeɗa e mbaydi etimoloji maggal, en njiyii no ngal saɗtiri e nder naalankaagal ngenndiyaŋkaagal.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2015-03-01|title=Abanindranath's Bharat Mata on display|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/kolkata/abanindranaths-bharat-mata-on-display/article6949692.ece|access-date=2023-04-19|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref name="banga2">{{cite web|title=Abanindranath Tagore Bharat Mata, Bengal School of Art, Rabindranath Tagore, & Facts Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Abanindranath-Tagore#ref431075|website=www.britannica.com|language=en|date=3 August 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Partition of Bengal Date, History, Curzon, Swadeshi Movement, Annulment, & Facts Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Partition-of-Bengal|website=www.britannica.com|access-date=5 September 2025|language=en|date=15 July 2025}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == asui6j0jti9umxfgwlndfc1vh9zzy3z 0 39168 181101 161337 2026-08-05T02:18:18Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181101 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Farayse Addude Goongɗinal e Huron en Farayse Keso (Farayse''': La France apportant la foi aux Hurons de la Nouvelle-France [la fʁɑ̃s a.pɔʁ.tɑ̃s a.pɔʁ.tɑ̃ la fwa o y ko Musée du Pôle culturelle de Monastère des Ursulines to wuro Kebek. Golle ɗee ina kollita mbaydi debbo, keewndi firteede ko no nate Farayse hollirteeɗe e sifaaji Anne de Autriche, ina rokka pentol tokosol e Galle Ceniinde e gorko Wendat gonɗo e koppi, e les njiimaandi asamaan gonndi e tagooje ruuhuyaŋkooje e dow daande leydi ndi laana Farayse bumbosy e religie stronge e tawtoreede misiyoŋaaji. Ndeeɗoo canndolinnde, nde Ministeer Pinal e Jokkondiral Kebek renndini ɗum e “objet patrimonial classé” (geɗe ndonaandi) gila 1992, ina jeyaa e seedanteeje yiyteede mawɗe e daartol diine e koloñaal teeminannde sappo e jeeɗiɗaɓiire e nder Farayse keso.he seventeenth century.<ref name=":2">{{cite journal|last1=Gagnon|first1=François-Marc|last2=Lacroix|first2=Laurier|date=1983|title=La France apportant la foi aux Hurons de Nouvelle-France: un tableau conserve chez les Ursulines de Québec|journal=Journal of Canadian Studies|volume=18|issue=3|publisher=University of Toronto Press|pages=5-20|language=fr}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite journal|last1=Derome|first1=Robert|date=1997|title=Le buste-reliquaire de saint Jean de Brébeuf, histoires et mythes|journal=Bulletin de la Société nationale des Antiquaires de France|volume=1995|issue=1|publisher=Société nationale des Antiquaires de France|pages=236-253|language=fr}}</ref> Limtol Farayse Addude Goongɗinal e Huron en Farayse Keso ko nebam-e-kaɓirgal karte, fotde 227,3 e 227,3 santimeeteer (89,5 e 89,5 inch), peewnaa ko hedde hitaande 1666.[2] Hay so tawii alaa winndannde arsiif hollirnde naalanke oo, daartoowo naalankaagal biyeteeɗo François-Marc Gagnon wiyi wonde golle ɗee ɓuri waawde ummoraade ko e gollordu Farayse hade mum en neldeede to wuro Kebek, ɗo ɗe mbinndaa e nder renndooji diineeji e nder teeminannde sappo e jeeɗiɗaɓere..<ref>{{cite book|last=Delâge|first=Denys|date=1993|title=Bitter Feast: Amerindians and Europeans in Northeastern North America, 1600-64|location=Vancouver|publisher=UBC Press|page=410|language=en}}</ref> Dingiral ngal ina hollita nate politik e diine, gonɗe e saraaji yimɓe ɗiɗo mawɓe. To bannge nano ina darii debbo ɓoorniiɗo comci daneeji, mo daartiyankooɓe naalankaagal Gagnon e Laurier Lacroix firi ko no neɗɗo Farayse e sifaaji Anne de Autriche.[2] Ndeeɗoo sifaa debbo, nannduɗo e nate alkule teeminannde sappo e jeeɗiɗaɓiire, ina hollira laamɗo e njiimaandi kerecee en ndi Farayse yiɗnoo ƴellitde e nder leyɗeele Amerik. E junngo makko ñaamo, omo hollira natal ngal o hollirta yeewtidiiɗo makko, e nder geɗe didaktik e doole. Ndee feere ina yahdi e gollal keeringal e nder naalankaagal dewal Orop, ɗo natal ngal e hoore mum gollotoo ko no oto ngam saaktude diine..<ref name=":7">{{cite book|last=Freeberg|first=David|date=1991|title=The Power of Images: Studies in the History and Theory of Response|url=https://archive.org/details/powerofimagesstu1991free|location=Chicago|publisher=The University of Chicago Press|page=560|language=en}}</ref> Geɗel ngel debbo oo rokkata ngel ko nate tokoose ina kollita Galle Seniiɗo. E wiyde Lacroix, ndee ɗoo mise en abyme ina semmbina dimensiyonal katekisma gollal ngal, nde tawnoo ina hollira e mbaydi laaɓtundi sahaa nde jaŋde Kerecee’en addi e yimɓe Ɓiɓɓe leydi ndii.[2] Daartoowo naalankaagal biyeteeɗo Joseph Monteyne hollitii wonde naatgol pentol galle ceniingol ngol ina addana en binnditagol ikonogaraafi ɗiɗmol : ngol natal Kerecee’en yiɗde jannginde doosɗe, e ngol hollirde doole metropolitan ƴettaaɗe e nder nokkuuji koloñaal.[5] Ndee ɗoo sifaa kuutorgal, sifaa golle janngingol Fedde Iisaa, ina yahdi e peeje ɗe daartoowo biyeteeɗo Dominique Deslandres sifotoo, mo natal jogii darnde mawnde e nder saaktude katekisma, e nder sosde ɗemngal diine renndinde, e nder jokkondire hakkunde renndooji ruuhuyaŋkooji e ruuhuuji[6]. Natal naatngal ngal yahdaani e kala ko naalanke anndaaɗo holliti, kono ko e sifaa ikonogaraafi (iconographique) cirŋiniiɗo no feewi e nder gollorɗe Farayse e nder cakkital teeminannde sappo e jeeɗiɗaɓiire, ko ɗum tabitini golle golle ɗee ko kuutorgal misiyoŋaaji wonaa ko wayi no naalankaagal yiɗde yeeyde.[7] Heedde nate debbo oo ko gorko Wendat, ina sujji, juuɗe mum ina kawri e jaɓde. Gagnon e Lacroix ina teskii wonde ngool darnde ina hollita mbaydi yi’annde nde tuubniiɗo oo jogori waɗde darnde neɗɗaagu hade mbaydi siwil.[2] Ndee ɗoo koddingol ɓanndu ina yahdi e natal misiyoŋaaji e oon sahaa gooto, ngal yiɗi ko hollirde neɗɗo jaɓɓotooɗo, sahaa e sahaa fof ina jogii miijo e nder eɓɓoore waylude sifaa sifotoonde e nder Jokkondiral Jesuit en.<ref name=":6">{{cite journal|last1=Ouellet|first1=Pierre-Olivier|date=2020|title=Between Temporal and Spiritual Powers: Colonial Diplomacy Associated with the Painting France Bringing Faith to the Huron-Wendats of New France (c. 1666)|journal=Legatio|publisher=Polish Academy of Sciences’ Tadeusz Manteuffel Institute of History|volume=4|pages=209-235|language=en}}</ref>. Baɗte leydi ina timmina haala yiytere golle ɗee. Hay so tawii nokku oo hollirtaa nokku goonga gooto mo anndintee, ina siftina nokku e nder njuɓɓudi kerecee en, ina waɗi daande maayo, ina waɗi mbaydiiji seeɗa, ina waɗi laana ndiwoowa to woɗɗi. No daartoowo naalankaagal biyeteeɗo Pierre-Olivier Ouellet holliri e nder ƴeewndo mum natal doole Farayse-Indigenous, ɗeen geɗe ngonaa e sifaade etnogaraafi kono ko e ƴellitde maandeeji nokkuuji koloñaal ɗo Oropnaaɓe ngoni ɗoo ina mbayla firo leydi ndii.[9] Ko noon denndaangal denndaangal ko mahiraa e dow njuɓɓudi laaɓtundi. Farayse, dariiɗo, ina jogii darnde tiiɗnde, ina saakta iimanaagal rewrude e hakkunde natal ceniingal. Tuubɗo Wendat, waɗaaɗo e yeeso, ina heɓa ndeeɗoo hoolaare e golle ɗooftaare maande. Leydi ndii ina joginoo nokku oo e nder geɗe miijanteeɗe Farayse keso, ina famɗi ɗo huutortoo ngam siftinde leydi ndii, kono ko ngam hollirde eɓɓoore politik e diine nde laamu Farayse yiɗiino sosde toon..<ref name=":22">{{cite journal|last1=Gagnon|first1=François-Marc|last2=Lacroix|first2=Laurier|date=1983|title=La France apportant la foi aux Hurons de Nouvelle-France: un tableau conserve chez les Ursulines de Québec|journal=Journal of Canadian Studies|volume=18|issue=3|publisher=University of Toronto Press|pages=5-20|language=fr}}</ref> Ko woni daartol == Tagngo leydi Farayse Addude ko... == 16xkcs3kn1e10aqz7j4ixs1pttybqyc 0 39171 180843 161347 2026-08-04T21:27:25Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180843 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''The Beloved (Rossetti)''' (kañum ne ko jom suudu) ko nate nebam e dow canvas ɗe naalanke Engele biyeteeɗo Dante Gabriel Rossetti (1828–1882) waɗi, jooni ko to Tate Angalteer, to Londres <ref>[https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/rossetti-the-beloved-the-bride-n03053 Page at Tate Britain], where in late 2022 it was not on display</ref>Rossetti siifondirii e alkule mum (hono monogramme) e ñalngu nguu ko "1865-6" to les nano canngaaki. .<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last1=Treuherz|first1=Julian|title=Dante Gabriel Rossetti|url=https://archive.org/details/dantegabrielros00rossgoog|last2=Prettejohn|first2=Elizabeth|last3=Becker|first3=Edwin|publisher=Thames &. Hudson|year=2003|location=London}}</ref><ref name="Tate, 210">Tate, 210</ref>Ina hollita jommbaajo debbo, walla "giɗo", ummoraade e Jimol Suleymaani e nder deftere Hebree nde o ɓadtii jommbaajo makko, e gollooɓe makko. Jom suudu oo, nanngaaɗo e golle ruttaade caggal wutte mum, ina tawtoree jommbaajo debbo nayi jommbaajo gorko e lefol Afriknaajo, mo seerti no feewi e gaasa boɗeewa e ɓalndu ɓaleeru jommbaajo debbo oo, e mbaydiiji ceertuɗi gaasa ɓaleejo e mbaydiiji ɓaleeji jommbaajo debbo nayi ɗii. Ina sikkaa wonde ngool ceergal colour, pentiirgal no feewi hono kaɓirgal e sifaaji jommbaajo debbo oo, ina waɗi batte mum e pentol Édouard Manet ngol Olympia, ngol o waɗi e nder yeewtere nde Rossetti yilliima suudu Manet e darorɗe hitaande 1864 nde o woni e golloraade The Beloved, e pentol ngol kadi ina jogii ko heewi e golle Titi4.<ref>Hilton, 184-186; Tate, 193, 196, 200, 208-209</ref> E fannuuji keewɗi, natal ngal ina yahdi e limlebbi « nate nebam njuuteendi bust e rewɓe belɓe » ɗe Rossetti yaltini e pentol mum gila 1859 haa hedde 1867. Ɗee ko waylo-waylo weeyo ngo nganndu-ɗaa, ngam yuurnitaade batte pentol (e konngol makko) « nate dcolour » (nate dcolour) ɗe mbaylaaka dille, e nder mediaaji goɗɗi ko wonaa pentugol nebam, o waɗiino ko ɓuri heewde e kitaale 1850, nde o ɓuri rewde e miijooji banndiraaɓe hade Raphaelite.[5] Ɗeeɗoo ɓeydii "mawnude e ɓuuɓde" e nder duuɓi sappo garooji ɗii,[3] ina jeyaa heen Bocca Baciata, Venus Vertikordiya, Beata Beatrix, Bower Bulu, Monna Vanna, Regina Kordium, e Lady Lilith. <ref>Hilton, 184-186; Tate, 193, 196, 200, 208-209</ref>Kono ɗeen fof ko nataluuji ɓuuɓɗi, ɗi mbaydi ngootiri, "e nder laabi ceertuɗi e weeyo", tawa ina waɗi nate ceertuɗe e mbaydiiji ceertuɗi, ina kollita yontaaji daartol ceertuɗi<ref>Tate, 214</ref> Ina heewi jaɓeede wonde Rossetti ƴettii feere ngam hollirde mbaydiiji keewɗi e nder nate ɗee, kono anndinde e firo ɗeen ina ceerti no feewi..<ref name=":02">{{Cite book|last1=Treuherz|first1=Julian|title=Dante Gabriel Rossetti|url=https://archive.org/details/dantegabrielros00rossgoog|last2=Prettejohn|first2=Elizabeth|last3=Becker|first3=Edwin|publisher=Thames &. Hudson|year=2003|location=London}}</ref><ref name="Tate, 2102">Tate, 210</ref> == Tariya == Wenus Vertikordiya, mo Rossetti gollotonoo e mum e oon sahaa ; Alexa Wilding woni ko e ƴeewde<ref name="Tate, 2103">Tate, 210</ref> Natal ngal yamiraa ko e hitaande 1863, ko George Rae, banke Birkenhead, gardinooɗo Rossetti, yamiri ɗum e hitaande 1863, fotde 300 £. E oon sahaa, jimol jaajngol ngol ina wayi no ko noon woniri e golle cakkitiiɗe ɗee, kono ko ngol woni go’o ko Beatrice Dante, hono no miijotoo e Il Purgatorio yimoowo oo nii. Caggal golle lewru walla ɗiɗi e nder ndunngu 1863, haala kaa waylaama ngam hollirde Jimol Suleymaani e nder deftere nde, ina gasa tawa ko sabu Rossetti yiytude mbaydi mbaylaandi ndi o suɓii ngam wonde neɗɗo mawɗo e oon sahaa, hono Marie Ford, "ina yaaji no feewi e miijo makko e Beatrice Dante".<ref>Tate, 214</ref> Golle ɗee njahrii no feewi, ma a taw Rossetti ina golloo e nate goɗɗe e oon sahaa, ina jeyaa heen Venus Verticordia, puɗɗiiɗe e hitaande 1864, kono ɗe njoofaani haa hitaande 1868.[9] E njillu makko to Pari e lewru noowammbar 1864, o noddi suudu Édouard Manet, ɗo o waawi yiyde Olympia Manet, ndeen golle ina njokki, ɗo debbo daneejo ɓuuɓɗo ina seerti e golloowo ɓaleejo ɓoorniiɗo comci. Manet pentaaki golloowo oo haa lewru rewru nduu, kono ina gasa tawa ko o sketch in, walla o yeewtidii e Rossetti.<ref name="Tate, 2104">Tate, 210</ref><ref name="Tate, 2105">Tate, 210</ref> Koppiiji Titien e nate dewgal (ko wiyetee nate Alfonso d’Avalos), deftere laamɗo<ref name="Tate, 2112">Tate, 211</ref> Ina sikkaa kadi wonde binndol kuuɓtodinngol ngol ina waɗi batte e nder deftere Titian (ko adii ɗuum ko Allegory de Alfonso d’Avalos) e nder Louvre,[11] e koppiiji tati teeminannde 17ɓiire (gooto heen ko koloor ndiyam) e nder deftere laamɗo.<ref>Tate, 211, quoting Stephens</ref> Ɗum ko nate dewgal, tawa ina waɗi limre limre yuɓɓinaande e huunde hakkundeere.<ref name="Tate, 211">Tate, 211</ref> E lewru marse 1865 Rossetti penti ɓoornanteeri "Japon" dow nate mawɗe, o lomtini debbo ɓaleejo ("mulatto" e wiyde daartiyankooɓe naalankaagal) cukalel gorko, o ɓuri yiɗde ko mbaydi ɓaleeri makko ɓurndi ɓallaade .[13] E nder ndunngu nguu ina heddinoo timminde hollirde naalankaagal ngam wonde Fa. Stephens, mo siftini ɗum e won e detal e nder tonngoode 21 oktoobar 1865 e nder jaaynde Athenaeum,[10] nde o woni hooreejo mum ngam naalankaagal, o teskiima wonde: "No o hollirta nii, ɓe [arooɓe ɓee] ina ƴeewa e haalaaji ceertuɗi ngam batte feeñninde ndee e neɗɗo garoowo oo".[<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Waugh|first1=Evelyn|title=The Good Years, 1862-1867: In Rossetti, His Life and Works|last2=Brennan|first2=Michael|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2017|edition=16|location=Oxford|pages=105–109}}</ref>] Stephens e Rossetti ina ɓadtii, Rossetti ina yiyloo heen yeewtere ndee hade mum yaltineede. Ina wayi no Stephens ina joginoo sahaaji accude Rossetti ina winnda hono ɗeen geɗe e hoore mum, e innde Stephens. Stephens yetti Rossetti sabu kuutoragol mum mbaydi. Kono o holliti heen ŋakkeende karallaagal. Yeru, Stephens wiyi wonde juuɗe page Afrik ina nanndi e ko aldaa e nafoore so en ƴeewii vase mo o jogii oo. Yanti heen, Stephens hollitii wonde wuttulo cukalel ngel wayi ko no lelnii e ɓalndu mum nii. Kono, paabi ɗii ina njuɓɓinee no yiyooɓe pecce ɗee mbaawirta yiyde nate mum e defte mum.<ref>Tate, 211, quoting Stephens</ref> Rossetti waɗii golle goɗɗe e nder ndunngu, ko ɗum waɗi ñalngu makko "1865-6" e dow canvas. Natal ngal adii hollirde, ngam yimdele day, to Arundel Club ñalnde 21 feebariyee 1866. Rossetti ƴetti natal ngal ko e hitaande 1873, nde ngal « wayli no feewi », ngal wayli tonngoode ngal, ngal waɗi « ɓurngal moƴƴude » koye jommbaajo oo e debbo oo to bannge ñaamo mum, e juuɗe jommbaajo oo. Foto pentol ngol hade ɗeen waylooji ina woodi.<ref>Archive</ref> E nder deftere 1911, nde miñiiko Rossetti, hono William Michael Rossetti, toppitii naatgol mum e naalankaagal, nguurndam Rossetti ko F.G. Stephens e sehil mum goɗɗo, biyeteeɗo Tewodor Wats-Dunton. E nder nguurndam natal ngal ina yettee no feewi: Ko ɗeen geɗe goote, semmbe, mbaydi yurmeende e jimɗi, e mbaydi njuɓɓudi laaɓndi, hawri e doole e asliiji ɓurɗi mawnude e nder "Joom suudu", walla "Giɗo", oon nate mawɗe e Jimol Suleymaani. Innde sakkitiinde ndee ko fedde nguurndam, sukaaɓe rewɓe doole, belɓe no feewi, ina njahda e joom suudu mum en e jimɗi e jimɗi e laawol mum feewde jommbaajo. Ndee natal, to bannge 6uu6ol mum, timmal mum, 6uu6ol jeese nay 6urcfe yoocfde e 6uu6ol 6uu6ol mum, ina jogii nokku mawɗo ‘e nder tolno ɓurɗo toowde e naalankaagal jamaanu e nder winndere ndee kala. Ko noon kadi, to bannge sifaaji inniraaɗi ɗii, ko mbaydi kuuɓtodinndi e naalankaagal Rossetti, kadi ina darii e makko no feewi no “ Giɗli Ceniiɗi e Profane ” Titian holliri oon joom mum. Natal ngal hollitaama to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde laamɗo e hitaande 1883 e hitaande 1906 (kono ndeen wonaa haa 1973), e nder kollirɗe mawɗe ñamaale to Liverpool e hitaande 1886 e Manchester e hitaande 1887.[17] Natal ngal ko Tate soodi ngal e hitaande 1916, "Soodi ngal ko e ballal Sir Arthur Du Cros Bt e Sir Otto Beit KCMG rewrude e kaalis naalankaagal".[18] Ɓe ngonnoo ko joom en jawdi ndii e Monna Vanna, garɗo e sahaa gooto.<ref>[https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/rossetti-the-beloved-the-bride-n03053 Tate page, Gallery label]</ref> Kaɓirgal e binndol Natal ngal e nder kaɓirgal maggal, ngal ina gasa tawa ngal fittaa ko e hitaande 1873.<ref>Archive</ref> Gartugol Rossetti e hitaande 1873 ina gasa tawa ko nde kaɓirgal ngal waɗtaa;[10] Rossetti ina heewi diisnondirde e kaɓirgal mum e binndi mum. Hakkunde mooftirɗi tokoosi gaadoraaɗi, nokku ɓurɗo yaajde e kaɓirgal leɗɗe gilde ina waɗi deftere leɗɗe "fronds wavy" e dow fondo toɓɓere, e roundels nay toowɗi e diisnondiral joometiri, kala heen hakkundeere e bannge. Tappirde leɗɗe tokosere ina woni e hakkunde tergal les ngal, ina winndaa heen binndi pentiirɗi: "Giɗaaɗo" mawɗo e nder hakkundeere, e setuuji ɗiɗi aayaaji ummoraade e Biibal e banngeeji, ina ndoga ina njuɓɓina seeɗa. To bannge nano aayeeji ɗii ko e Jimol Suleymaan, to bannge ñaamo ko e Jabuura 45:[20] Giɗo am ko miin kadi ko miin (Jimol, 2:16) Yo o muñ am e muñal hunnduko makko (Jimol 1:2) sabu giɗli maa ɓuri mburu (Jimol 1:2) O waddantee to laamɗo oo, omo ɓoornii comci njuumri: sukaaɓe rewɓe wonɓe e sehilaaɓe makko Ƴettu mo, ɓe ngaddanee ma (Jabuura 45:14)[21] == Idealuuji ŋarɗugol == So tawii pentol ngol ɓuri teskeede ko mawningol ŋarɗugol debbo e nder kuuɓal, ngol firtaama ko mawningol sifaa ŋarɗugol keeriiɗo. Ko ɓuri heewde e daartiyankooɓe naalankaagal ina mbiya wonde rewɓe ɓee fof ina njiɗi wonde belɓe,[22] "rewɓe belɓe ceertuɓe" jogiiɓe "caɗeele jeese nay belɗe" no Encyclopædia Britannica 1911 wiyri nii.[23] Kono ko ɓooyaani koo won daartiyankooɓe naalankaagal mbiyi wonde mbaydi nate ɗee ina hollita debbo hakkundeejo oo ɓuri ŋarɗude. Omo jogii yeeso oval e simmetiri, gite daneeje-boɗeeje e leppi bow Cupid. Laral makko ɓurngal ɓadaade ina waawi ɓeydude ŋarɗugol makko so en ƴeewtindiima e heddiiɓe ɓee. Ina sikkaa ɗeen sifaaji ina kollita wonde ndeeɗoo feccere ina jokki e ɓaleede no feewi.[24] Kono daartoowo naalankaagal goɗɗo ɓooyɗo wiyi (sabu ɓuuɓri mum boɗeeri) wonde jommbaajo debbo oo ina hollira wonde "Irish exotic Other", kadi ina wiya wonde Rossetti "hollii fiɓnde fetishist e dow mbaydi ɓalndu e leñol",[25] e wonde darnde makko e jommbaajo debbo "ina waawi yiyeede ko no hollirde anxieté immigrants de l'increeiat in Angalteer."[26] Kono model Alexa Wilding ina joginoo gaasa boɗeewa, ka Rossetti yiɗi pentude e nder nguurndam mum fof. E nder nate makko ɗiɗi gadane mawɗe, « Suka debbo Mariyam » (1848) e « Ecce Ancilla Domini » ! (1850), o huutoriima miñiiko debbo biyeteeɗo Christina Rossetti ngam wonde mbaydi makko e Mariyam debbo, o fenti ɗum e gaasa boɗeewa, ka wonaa gaasa makko tigi-rigi, tee wonaa noon ko heewi e nate Mariyam. Eduar Manet, to Olimpiya. Golloowo oo pentiraaka haa lewru caggal njillu Rossetti e lewru noowammbar 1864.<ref>[https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/rossetti-the-beloved-the-bride-n03053 Tate page, Gallery label]</ref> Firooji keewɗi e tolno ŋarɗugol e hello Afriknaaɓe ngaddi jeewte ko fayti e Rossetti e jokkondiral ngalɗoo natal e njiyaagu. Nde tawnoo limre hakkundeere ndee ko debbo daneejo, won daartiyankooɓe naalankaagal mbiyi wonde ndeeɗoo feccere ina idealize daneejo.[24] To bannge goɗɗo oo, woɗɓe ina mbiya wonde pecce ɗee ina mawnina keewal leƴƴi. Faandaare gaasa jommbaajo debbo oo tuugii ko e golle ƴiye Siin. Robe daneeje ɗe o ɓoornii ɗee ko kimono Japon (hay so tawii ko jokkere enɗam jogii e junngoyo e mbaadi ɓurndi wonaa Japon). Penndat mo lefol ngol ɓoorni ko Afrik worgo. Won e annduɓe, ɗeen ɗoo defte ina kollita wonde Rossetti ina teddini keewal pine e nder winndere ndee kala.<ref>Rossetti changed the standard [[Authorised Version]] text, which is "the virgins her companions that follow her shall be brought unto thee", [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Song%20of%20Solomon%201&version=KJV Biblegateway]</ref> == Hello Afrik == Hello Afrik ko huunde woɗnde waɗnde ndeeɗoo feccere ko heewi e nate Rossetti e oon sahaa. Ko adii kitaale 1990, alaa ko teskaa e hello Afrik ngoo so wonaa ko wayi no mbaydi mbaylaandi (contraste) ngam ƴellitde mbaydi estetik. Kono gila 2000 hello ngoo wonti ko ɓuri teeŋtude e yeewtere jaŋde. Kurator e binndoowo Jan Marsh, wiyi wonde hello ngoo "ina foti tawtoreede e nder The Beloved [...] kampaañ Abolitionist jooni oo" waɗaaɗo to Amerik e sahaa wolde hakkunde leyɗeele.[27] Daartoowo naalankaagal Matthew Francis Rarey yeddi miijo wonde Rossetti ina yiɗi waɗde haala politik, o wiyi e nokku hee wonde pentoowo oo waɗii hello ngoo teeŋti noon e yiɗde ɓurde politik, e etaade "hollitde ɓaleejo mo alaa ko woni e mum so wonaa politik walla nafoore moraal."<ref>Hilton, 186</ref> == Modeluuji ɗii == Natal Rosetti ngal Aleksa Wilding, hitaande 1865 Rossetti ɓuri huutoraade ko fedde tokosere e mbaydiiji, tee ina heewi waylude mbaydi ndii e nder ƴellitgol golle, hono no o waɗiri e Venus Verticordia nii,[29] haa o artiri yeeso ngoo e mbaydi ngoɗndi duuɓi seeɗa caggal nde o timmini, hono no Lady Lilith waɗiri seeɗa caggal ɗuum. E nder ɗeeɗoo geɗe ɗiɗi kala, model cakkitiiɗo oo ko Alexa Wilding, boɗeejo. Won luural ko fayti e hol mo woni yeeso sakkitiingo huutorteengo e limre hakkundeere ndee. Ina wayi no o fuɗɗorii ko Marie Ford,[30] kono ina gasa tawa o wayliima wonti Alexa Wilding;<ref>Hilton, 186</ref>mbaydi gaasa ina hollita ɗum. Miñiiko Rossetti wiyi ko (so wonaa ɗuum anndaaka) "Miss MacKenzie".<ref>Rossetti changed the standard [[Authorised Version]] text, which is "the virgins her companions that follow her shall be brought unto thee", [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Song%20of%20Solomon%201&version=KJV Biblegateway]</ref> Modeluuji anndaaɗi ngam limooje jeegom ɗee ina njeyaa heen : Alexa Wilding ( yeeso, jom suudu) - ƴeew dow Elen Smith (naamo) Marie Ford (caggal nano) Fanny Eaton (1835-1924) (caggal nyaamo) Keomi Grey (1849-1914) ( yeeso nyaamo) [31] Debbo Fanni Eaton, c. 1859, ko kaalis Walter So tawii modeleeji keddiiɗi ɗii ina ƴeewa ƴeewoowo oo, ɗum woni jommbaajo oo,[33] ko Gray tan jogii hoore mum ruttaade bannge. Ko o Romaani (jippi). Ina wiyee wonde o waɗii yeeso makko ngo o wayli ngam hollirde darnde makko e mbaydiiji ɗi yimɓe Roman en njogori dañde e oo sahaa, kadi ina hollita kadi ŋakkeende hoolaare Rossetti e jokkondiral jippinaaɓe e nafoore makko ɓurnde yaajde e pinal Roman en. Fanny Eaton woni mbaydi yeeso feccere yiyteende to caggal hakkunde jom suudu hakkundeejo e Keomi Gray to bannge ñaamo. O jibinaa ko to Jamayka, ina gasa tawa ko yumma makko maccuɗo mo rimɗini ko ɓooyaani, baaba makko ko soldaat Angalteer. Naalankooɓe heewɓe kuutoriima mo no mbaydi (modèle) nii, tawi nate mum en e sifaaji makko teskinɗi ina ceerti mbaydiiji ɓalli makko ngam yahdude e fannuuji maɓɓe ; o pentiraa ko yumma Muusaa, kadi ko maccuɗo Afriknaajo. O resii sofereeɓe taksi e hitaande 1859, nde o wonaano modeling o golliima ko coodoowo e laɓɓinoowo. Sukaaɓe worɓe e rewɓe fof kuutoraa ko no mbaydiiji jaŋde adannde e cukalel gardiiɗo. Jibriil ko innde gooto e sukaaɓe waɗɓe mbaydi ndii. == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol nate ɗe Dante Gabriyel Rosetti waɗi Rossetti e cirkel mum, deftere 1922 nde Max Beerbohm winndi == Teskorɗe == 0jbivag6d31vq8wa2kd7n7nch0268l8 0 39175 180939 166788 2026-08-04T23:13:28Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180939 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Sifaa laaɓtuɗo natal''' ngal ina waawi wonde sabaabu, hay so tawii noon ko e mbaydi teskinndi, e golle Marcel Duchamp mawɗe cakkitiiɗe, Étant donnés (1946–1966), mahdi ndi kadi ina hollira natal debbo ina lelii e dow ɓale mum, ina yaaji koyɗe mum.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2018/sep/25/joanna-hiffernan-courbet-nude-lorigine-du-monde|title=Who posed for the 'Mona Lisa of vaginas'?|last=Jones|first=Jonathan|author-link=Jonathan Jones (journalist)|date=25 September 2018|website=The Guardian|access-date=2018-10-05}}</ref>. E hitaande 1989, naalanke Faraysenaajo biyeteeɗo Orlan waɗii cibachrome L’origine de la guerre (Iwdi hare), woni sifaa L’origine du monde holliroowo ƴellitaare ɓalndu.{{Lang|fr|L'Origine du monde}}<ref name="tele">Henry Samuel (7 February 2013). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/9854914/Amateur-art-buff-finds-35-million-head-of-Courbet-masterpiece.html "Amateur art buff finds £35 million head of Courbet masterpiece"]. ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]''.</ref><ref>{{Cite book|first1=Benoit|last1=Noël|first2=Jean|last2=Hournon|title=Parisiana – La capitale des peintres au XIX^ème siècle|publisher=Les Presses Franciliennes|chapter=Gustave Courbet – L'Origine du Monde, 1866|year=2006|page=37|isbn=9782952721400|language=fr}}</ref> or Naalanke Beresiilnaajo biyeteeɗo Vik Muniz waɗii mbaydiiji ɗiɗi e nate lolluɗe ɗee. "Arannde ndee [1999] ko foto baɗaaɗo e duƴƴe walla e diƴƴe, ina fijira e fedde moraal huuɓtodinnde hakkunde ƴiye debbo e ƴiye. E nder pecce ɗiɗmere [2013], Muniz ina rewna L'Origine e nder mooɓondiral nate jaayndeeji ciftortooɗe naalankaagal ngal produema e [...] ɓanndu.."<ref name="tele3">Henry Samuel (7 February 2013). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/9854914/Amateur-art-buff-finds-35-million-head-of-Courbet-masterpiece.html "Amateur art buff finds £35 million head of Courbet masterpiece"]. ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]''.</ref>" Iwdiiji ɗiɗi aduna (2000) naalanke Meksiknaajo biyeteeɗo Enrique Chagoya "rewtini L'Origine du monde no mbaydi mbaylaandi caggal kareeli tati tiiɗɗi ɓaleeji, daneeji e boɗeeji e nder tati e nder ŋoral nate ɗee easel, ina wayi no 'firtude' nate Courbet.".<ref>{{Cite book|title=RED: A History of the Redhead|url=https://archive.org/details/redhistoryofredh0000harv|last=Colliss Harvey|first=Jacky|publisher=Black Dog & Leventhal|year=2015|isbn=978-1-57912-996-5|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/redhistoryofredh0000harv/page/119 119]–120}}</ref> E hitaande 2002, naalanke Ameriknaajo biyeteeɗo Jack Daws sosi teddungal e nate ɗee. Tiitoonde mum ko Origins of the World, ko nde deftere fotooje ceertuɗe vulvaaji, ƴettaaɗe e jaayɗe porno, ɗe njuɓɓinaa e montage..<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150217201825/http://www.caraa.fr/EN/detail-actu.php?actu=18 "Summary of analytical report – Painting on canvas, portrait of a woman"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217201825/http://www.caraa.fr/EN/detail-actu.php?actu=18|date=2015-02-17}}, Centre d'Analyses et de Recherche en Art et Archéologie, 7 February 2013</ref> Naalanke Angalteer biyeteeɗo Anish Kapoor sosi ko e hitaande 2004, ina wiyee L’Origine du monde, ina tuugnii e nate Courbet. Pecce ɗee ngoni ko e suudu defte ñeeñal hannde e teeminannde 21ɓiire, Kanazawa to Japon..<ref name="guardian">{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2018/sep/25/origin-of-gustave-courbet-scandalous-painting-revealed|title=Mystery solved? Identity of Courbet's 19th-century nude revealed|agency=[[Agence France-Presse]]|location=Paris|date=2018-09-25|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=2018-09-26}}</ref> Natal ngal kadi ina sikkaa ko kañum addani Catherine Breillat ƴettude filmo mum e hitaande 2004, hono Anatomie de l'enfer (Anatomie de l'enfer) .<ref name="DB">{{cite news|last1=Dickey|first1=Christopher|title=The Muslim Playboy Behind Paris' Most Scandalous Painting|url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-muslim-playboy-behind-paris-most-scandalous-painting|access-date=9 January 2019|publisher=The Daily Beast|date=31 December 2018}}</ref> Naalanke Serbi biyeteeɗo Tanja Ostojić ƴettii golle ɗee e nder nate mum e hitaande 2005, ɗe mbiyaten nate "panties UE". Hono no natal Courbet nii, posto oo hollitii wonde ina waɗi luural, haa jooni o ittaama e koolol naalankaagal ɗo o hollirtee e fuɗɗoode.<ref>Konstantin Akinsha (1 February 2008). [http://www.artnews.com/2008/02/01/the-mysterious-journey-of-an-erotic-masterpiece/ "The Mysterious Journey of an Erotic Masterpiece"]. ''[[ARTnews]]''.</ref>. Naalanke Faraysenaajo biyeteeɗo Bettina Rheims udditi deftere Olga (2008) e foto jom suudu Olga Rodionova ina hollira L’Origine du monde ko famɗi fof haa laaɓi. Ceertugol seeɗa ngol ina hollita ƴellitaare ɗaɗi gila e teeminannde 19ɓiire haa 21ɓiire : ƴiye ɓuuɓɗe timmuɗe e jeewte ɓuuɓɗe e tatooji Olga Rodionova, so yerondiraama e mbaydi ɓuuɓndi Constance Quéniaux.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.measuringworth.com/datasets/exchangeglobal/result.php?year_source=1955&year_result=1955&countryE%5B%5D=France|title=Measuring Worth – Relative Worth Comparators and Data Sets|website=www.measuringworth.com}}</ref>. Deftere luulndiinde ndee dañii darnde mawnde, wonti haala hare sariya to leydi Riisi. Ñalnde 23 feebariyee 2009 to wuro Braga, to leydi Portigaal, polis nanngi deftere wiyeteende Pornocratie nde Catherine Breillat winndi, hollirnde e nder defte defte, huutortoonde L’Origine du monde ngam waɗde heen mbaydi mum.[28] Luural mawngal waɗii e golle polis ɗee. Sabaabu mo o rokki oo ko ŋakkeende deeƴre renndo. Kadi, tiitoonde deftere ndee ina hollita ko selli ko ina wona porno ; Sariya leydi Portigaal haɗii hollirde pornooji e yeeso yimɓe.[citation needed] E hitaande 2010, jimoowo Angalteer biyeteeɗo Tony Hymas winndi De l’origine du monde, jimɗi jimɗi baɗaaɗi e natal ngal kam e jokkondiral hakkunde Kuurbe e Komin Pari, tuugiiɗo e binndanɗe ɗe Kuurbe e hoore mum, Charles Boudelaire e Pierre Dupont mbinndi. Naalanke Turki jibinaaɗo to Almaañ biyeteeɗo Taner Ceylan waɗii golle ina wiyee 1879 (Iwde e limlebbi nate majjuɗe) (2011) ɗo debbo tedduɗo Ottomaan gooto ɓoorniiɗo wutte ina darii yeeso mbaydi kaɓirgal L’Origine du monde.[29][30] Ñalnde 29 mee 2014, naalanke biyeteeɗo Deborah De Robertis mo leydi Luxembourg jooɗii e dow leeso yeeso nate ɗee, ina ƴetta yiyngo neɗɗo oo. Ɗum addani reenooɓe kisal uddude suudu nduu e nanngude mo.[31][32] Naalanke Ameriknaajo biyeteeɗo Candice Lin ƴettiti L’Origine du monde e mbaydi nanndundi e nate, wiyeteende Hunter Moon / Inside Out (2015). E nder maggal, L’Origine du monde mo Courbet jogii e gite « ina ƴeewa caggal e ƴeewooɓe ». So en ƴeewii e miijo rewɓe, golle Lin ina kaɓa e "asymétrie de la puissance [...] hakkunde ƴeewooɓe e yiyooɓe."[33] E nder yeewtere 2023 e curator Hamza Walker, pentoowo Dana Schutz teskiima wonde nde ƴeew-ɗaa natal ngal to Musée d'Orsay "ngal ina tiiɗi haa jooni. ngal wonti caɗeele renndo e nder suudu nduu. Yimɓe ina ƴeewa ngal. Yimɓe ina ƴeewa ngal yimɓe ina ƴeewa ngal. Won ɗoon e ɓiɗɗo maɓɓe taking ɗum tan. Ɓe ngoni tan ko e caɗeele on feccere e haala kaa, ko huunde nde weldaani, kono ina weltina."[34] E lewru mee 2024 natal ngal ina jeyaa e nate joy pentirɗe e "Me Too" to Centre Pompidou-Metz ɗe rewɓe ɗiɗo penti e nder njuɓɓudi naalankaagal ngal Deborah De Robertis yuɓɓini[35][36] ngam salaade jikkuuji ƴaañooɓe e huutoraade ɗi gardiiɗo koolol ngol Bernard Marcadé e worɓe woɗɓe e nder naalankaagal aduna37. E lewru oktoobar 2024, e nder deftere mum « Les les iwdi aduna », Giselle Blanchard hollitii wonde siifde natal ngal e Courbet ko aksiyoom, goonga mo nanndaani e hoore mum haa laaɓi cer Senngo e hareeji sariya E lewru feebariyee 1994, deftere wiyeteende Adorations perpétuelles (Adorations perpétuelles) nde Jacques Henric [fr] winndi, yaltinii e mbaydi mum L’Origine du monde. Polis yilliima defte Farayse keewɗe ngam yaltinde deftere nde e windooji mum en. Joom en deftere seeɗa ina njoginoo deftere nde, kono woɗɓe ina ɗooftoo, won heen kadi ina njiɗi ittude nde.[citation needed] E lewru feebariyee 2011, Facebook ƴetti L’Origine du monde caggal nde naalanke biyeteeɗo Frode Steinicke mo Kopenhag yaltini ɗum, ngam hollirde ko o haali e yeewtere teleeji yaltunde e DR2. Caggal nde ɗum waɗi, huutortooɓe Facebook woɗɓe heewɓe, e dow fenaande, mbayli fotooje mum en e nate Courbet ngam wallitde Steinicke. Facebook, mo adii haɗde lowre Steinicke, haa jooni artiri ɗum tawa natal L’Origine du monde alaa heen. Nde haala kaa heɓi hakkillaaji jaayndeeji, Facebook momti kelle goɗɗe ko faati e nate ɗee..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/world/europe/article/3262298/2-women-charged-spraying-metoo-graffiti-nude-painting-paris-museum|title=2 women charged with spraying MeToo graffiti on nude painting at Paris museum|date=11 May 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/C6pDYqaLBNK/?hl=en|title=Instagram}}</ref> E lewru oktoobar 2011, kadi, wullitaango waɗaama e Facebook to Ñaawirde Toownde Pari (ñaawirde kuuge Pari) tawi ko kuutortooɗo Facebook Faraysenaajo gooto, caggal nde lowre mum sosaa sabu hollirde natal L’Origine du monde. Natal ngal ko jokkondiral e yeewtere teleeji yaltunde e Arte ko fayti e daartol natal ngal. Nde tawnoo o dañaani jaabawol e iimeeluuji makko feewde e Facebook, o felliti wullitaade ngam "ƴaañde ndimaagu haalde" e dow sarɗiiji Facebook cifotooɗi ñaawirɗe tawaaɗe e nder diiwaan Santa Clara, Kaliforni, ko nokku keeriiɗo ñaawoore ngam denndaangal ɗaɓɓaaɗe ñaawoore.[41] E lewru feebariyee 2016, ñaawirde Pari wiyi wonde Facebook ina waawi ñaaweede to Farayse.[42] E hitaande 2018, ñaawirde Farayse wiyi wonde Facebook feewaani e uddude konte makko. Facebook waylii politik mum ngam newnude natal ɓalewal e nder golle naalankaagal, o waɗii dokkal e fedde naalankaagal mbeddaaji Farayse.<ref name="tele2">Henry Samuel (7 February 2013). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/9854914/Amateur-art-buff-finds-35-million-head-of-Courbet-masterpiece.html "Amateur art buff finds £35 million head of Courbet masterpiece"]. ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]''.</ref><ref>{{cite web|work=[[Paris Match]]|title=''L'Origine du monde'': Le secret de la femme cachée|url=http://www.parismatch.com/Culture-Match/Art/Actu/L-Origine-du-monde-de-Gustave-Courbet-Le-secret-de-la-femme-cachee-463132/|date=7 February 2013|language=fr|access-date=2013-02-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130415141855/http://www.parismatch.com/Culture-Match/Art/Actu/L-Origine-du-monde-de-Gustave-Courbet-Le-secret-de-la-femme-cachee-463132/|archive-date=2013-04-15|url-status=dead}}</ref> Filmogaraafi Jean Paul Fargier, 1996, hojomaaji 26[46] == Tuugnorgal == h40632v9vhusn809n2z0x97mx0q42qr 0 39189 181162 161407 2026-08-05T03:18:36Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181162 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yael e Sisera''' ko nate ɗe naalanke Itaalinaajo biyeteeɗo Artemisiya Gentileschi, waɗi hedde hitaande 1620. == Limtol == Haala tiitoonde Tiitoonde canndolinnde ndee ƴettaa ko e deftere ñaawooɓe, aayeeji 4:11-22 e 5:24-31. Ina hollita sahaa nde debbo Keniijo biyeteeɗo Yael ina jogori warde Sisera, seneraal Kanaanyanke mo foolnoo. Caggal nde Israayiilnaaɓe fooli mo o dogi o fayi to wuro saraaji, ɗo Yael jaɓɓorii mo, fodani mo ñamminde mo e suuɗde mo e juuɗe laamuuji. Nde o ɗaani ndee o riiwtata feggere laylaytol e nder suudu makko; golle ɗe Yael heɓi yettoore ngam cuusal mum e nder binndol deftere nde.<ref name="Treves3">{{cite book|last1=Whitlum-Cooper|first1=Francesca|editor1-last=Treves|editor1-first=Letizia|title=Artemisia|date=2020|publisher=The National Gallery Company Ltd.|location=London}}</ref> E nder yontaaji hakkundeeji, daartol ngol hollirta ko no Yudith, moƴƴere neɗɗo Humilitas, e Mariyam barkinaaɗo, e woɗɓe.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Bailey|first1=Elizabeth|url=https://www.openbookpublishers.com/product/28|title=The Sword of Judith: Judith Studies Across the Disciplines|last2=Lähnemann (eds)|first2=Elena Ciletti and Henrike|date=2010|publisher=Open Book Publishers|isbn=978-1-906924-15-7|pages=275–294|language=en-gb|chapter=Judith, Jael, and Humilitas in the Speculum Virginum}}</ref>Nate ceertuɗe e ceertuɗe ina tawee e binndanɗe binndaaɗe e teeminannde 14ɓiire biyeteeɗo Speculum Humanae Salvationis''.'' <ref>{{Cite web|title=WI-ID Subject Tree|url=https://iconographic.warburg.sas.ac.uk/vpc/VPC_search/subcats.php?cat_1=14&cat_2=812&cat_3=2903&cat_4=5439&cat_5=13111&cat_6=10130&cat_7=3411&cat_8=1594|access-date=2021-10-13|website=iconographic.warburg.sas.ac.uk}}</ref>Hollirde naalankaagal daartol ngol ina heewi e yontaaji hakkundeeji e nder yontaaji hannde ɗii fof.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Brown|first=P. Scott|title=The riddle of Jael : the history of a poxied heroine in Medieval and Renaissance art and culture|date=2018|isbn=978-90-04-36466-0|location=Leiden|oclc=1020299631}}</ref> == Firo Gentileschi == Yudit wari Holofernes e juuɗe Artemisiya, hitaande 1614-18 Gentileschi e woɗɓe e yonta makko, peewnii nate keewɗe ɗe rewɓe tiiɗɓe e nder binndol, ina heen kadi taƴgol hoore Holofernes nde Judith taƴi. Agostino Tassi ko jannginoowo makko, caggal ɗuum ko ñaawoowo makko ñaawaaɗo .<ref>{{Cite web|last=Williams|first=Holly|title=The artist who triumphed over her shocking rape and torture|url=https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20180824-the-artist-who-triumphed-over-her-shocking-rape-and-torture|access-date=2021-10-13|website=www.bbc.com|language=en}}</ref>Ina wiyee kadi ko kanko woni yeru Holofernes.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bissell|first=R. Ward|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JSM1su0WJ6EC|title=Artemisia Gentileschi and the Authority of Art : Critical Reading and Catalogue Raisonné|date=1999|publisher=Penn State Press|isbn=978-0-271-04422-4|pages=213ff|language=en}}</ref>Sisera ina nanndi no feewi e Holofernes e Tassi kadi. So tawii daartol Jael ngol ina famɗi ɗo hollirtee e nate, daartiyankooɓe ina cikki wonde nate Artemisia ɗee ina njogii batte e golle naalanke Florence biyeteeɗo Ludovico Cigoli.[1] Hollirde makko ina seerti kono, e no nde ƴellitorii seerndude yi’annde laaɓtunde hakkunde nate ɗiɗi ɗee, ko luurdi e mbaydi Cigoli ɓuuɓndi .<ref name="Treves2">{{cite book|last1=Whitlum-Cooper|first1=Francesca|editor1-last=Treves|editor1-first=Letizia|title=Artemisia|date=2020|publisher=The National Gallery Company Ltd.|location=London}}</ref> Koorɗi kaŋŋe Yael ina ceerti no feewi e koorɗi Sisera boɗeeji e daneeji; kaŋŋe oo ina sikka ko maande "nafoore makko e nafoore makko ɓadtiinde."<ref name="Bal">{{cite book|last1=Bal|first1=Mieke|title=The Artemisia Files|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_0226035816|date=2005|publisher=The University of Chicago Press|isbn=0226035816}}</ref> == Tariya == Ñalngu nguu, 1620, ina yiyee e les siyno naalanke oo, gonɗo e ŋorol ngol.<ref name="Christiansen">Christiansen, K., Mann, Judith Walker, Gentileschi, Orazio, Gentileschi, Artemisia, Museo di Palazzo Venezia, & Metropolitan Museum of Art. (2001). Orazio and Artemisia Gentileschi. New York : New Haven: Metropolitan Museum of Art; Yale University Press.</ref>Joɗnde awkward junngo Yael ñaamo ina sikkaa ko e anniya ngam teeŋtinde siyno.<ref name="Treves">{{cite book|last1=Whitlum-Cooper|first1=Francesca|editor1-last=Treves|editor1-first=Letizia|title=Artemisia|date=2020|publisher=The National Gallery Company Ltd.|location=London}}</ref>So tawii ñalngu nguu ina waɗa Artemisia to Rome, o siifondirii e ndeeɗoo nate « Artemisia Lomi », ina hollita wonde ko o gardiiɗo Florence. Nde o wuuri e golloraade to Firenze, Artemisia ƴetti ndee innde, nde teeŋtini jokkondiral makko e kaaw makko Aurelio, gonɗo e wuro hee gila ko adii, wonaa Gentileschi Roomnaaɓe, ngam semmbinde jokkondiral makko e potɓe wonde patrons.<ref name="Mann2">Mann, Judith W. "Identity signs: meanings and methods in Artemisia Gentileschi's signatures." Renaissance Studies 23, no. 1 (February 2009): 71–107. Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost (accessed March 16, 2018).</ref> Gaa gaa ndeeɗoo tinndinoore, iwdi patronage ndeeɗoo natal anndaaka. Teskagol siyno naalanke oo ina hollita wonde ko ɗum golle ɗe o manti. Siyno diidi tati ina winndaa heen « ARETEMITA LOMI/FACIBAT/MDCXX ». Ko ɗum woni yeru gadano Artemisia huutoraade sahaa mo timmaani e gollal latin facere (waɗde), ma a taw ko firo no Michelangelo siiforii Pieta mum.<ref name="Mann">Mann, Judith W. "Identity signs: meanings and methods in Artemisia Gentileschi's signatures." Renaissance Studies 23, no. 1 (February 2009): 71–107. Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost (accessed March 16, 2018).</ref> Ndeeɗoo natal ko Veronika Ember artiri ɗum e hitaande 1978. Ko adii nde pentol ngol artiraa, ina joginoo ŋakkeende pentol mawnde e nder ŋoral toowngal nano e les ŋoral ñaamo. Ngam moƴƴitingol ngol, teeŋtuɗe e dow ŋoral Sisera tiiɗtinaama; won e mbaydiiji (restoraaji) ɓuri mekaniseeji e sifaaji ɗi cikku-ɗaa njiyataa e junngo Artemisia. Siyno oo heddii ko e mbaydi mum.<ref>Bissell, R. Ward (1999). Artemisia Gentileschi and the authority of art : Critical reading and catalogue raisonné. University Park, Pa.: Pennsylvania State University Press.</ref> == Iwdi mum == Golle ɗee puɗɗiima winndeede e deftere laamɗo to Vienne e hitaande 1781, nde ɗe nawtaa to galle laamorɗo Bratislava .<ref name="IFS3">{{cite web|title=Immunity From Seizure: Artemisia|url=https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/media/35279/artemisia-ifs-report_august-2020.pdf|website=The National Gallery, London}}</ref>Duuɓi tati caggal ɗuum, nde artiraa e galle laamorɗo to Buda, nde ina gasa tawa nde sankii e hitaande 1856.<ref name="IFS2">{{cite web|title=Immunity From Seizure: Artemisia|url=https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/media/35279/artemisia-ifs-report_august-2020.pdf|website=The National Gallery, London}}</ref>Golle ɗee peeñii e soodgol to Budapest e hitaande 1974, e oon sahaa ko joom mum en jooni ɓee coodi ɗe.<ref name="IFS">{{cite web|title=Immunity From Seizure: Artemisia|url=https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/media/35279/artemisia-ifs-report_august-2020.pdf|website=The National Gallery, London}}</ref>Natal ngal ina fawii hannde e suudu defte ñeeñal, to Budapest.[8] Ƴeew kadi Doggol golle Artemisiya Gentileski == Tuugnorgal == c5y5h1ylqmjg210elnvvuagyfndbubk 0 39211 180875 161461 2026-08-04T22:06:53Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180875 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Avarice<ref>The painting is not officially titled by the holding gallery and is usually referred to simply as the painting representing "Avarice" or the sketch on the reverse of ''[[commons:File:Albrecht Dürer 094b.jpg|Portrait of Young Man]]''</ref>''' (e ɗemngal Almaañ: Allegorie des Geizes) ko nate tokoose (35 × 29 cm) ɗe Albrecht Dürer (1471–1528) waɗi e hitaande 1507, ɗe nebam e dow leɗɗe. [2] Golle ɗee ina tawee e ɓataake makko Natal Suka; ina teskaa, hay so tawii noon anndaaka, wonde ɗe njiɗnoo ko jeyeede e diptik. Avarice ko allegorical, ina waɗi jeertinaango e mbaydi nguurndam e ŋakkeende nafoore timmunde e dañal leydi. Nde heewi renndinde, wondude e Melencolia I, e nder natal vanitas Dürer..<ref>Bailey, 13</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Warner|first=Marina|title=Monuments and Maidens: The Allegory of the Female Form|url=https://archive.org/details/monumentsmaidens0000warn|publisher=Weidenfeld and Nicolson|year=1985|isbn=0297784080|location=London|language=English}}</ref> Col tempo mo Giorgione (‘E duuɓi’), 1500–1510, renndini kollirgol ƴiye ɓutte, koppi ɓuuɓɗi e mbaydi yeeso ndi laaɓaani e nate moraal Dürer 1507.<ref>The painting is not officially titled by the holding gallery and is usually referred to simply as the painting representing "Avarice" or the sketch on the reverse of ''[[commons:File:Albrecht Dürer 094b.jpg|Portrait of Young Man]]''</ref> Anniyaade hollirde njiimaandi e sifaa 6urcfo yoocfde e beldital sukaa6e, debbo oo hollirtee ko e feccere njuuteendi, pentiraa e impasto tedducfo.[5] Omo jogii gaasa daneewa juutɗa, laaɓka, gite ɓutte, nofru juutndu, ɓuuɓri pinndi e hunduko ngo dente ɗiɗi tan heddii, ɓuuɓɗe e jaleeɗe ƴattooje. Juuɗe makko ñaamo yi’eteeɗe ɗee ina ɓuuɓi, ina njahdi e ɓanndu makko heddiindu nduu, tawi ko ɓuuɓri ɓaleeri ina ummoo e les ɓuuɓri makko. Ko gaasa makko tan e mbaydiiji yeeso makko keewɗi, fotde teddungal, ina kollita ŋarɗugol makko ɓooyngol. Focus tiiɗɗo natal ngal heɓaama e taƴgol tiiɗngol e seerndi hakkunde colour lush gonɗo e mbaydi debbo oo e gaasa mum e dow fondo ɓaleejo ɓuuɓɗo..<ref>Bailey, 13</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Warner|first=Marina|title=Monuments and Maidens: The Allegory of the Female Form|url=https://archive.org/details/monumentsmaidens0000warn|publisher=Weidenfeld and Nicolson|year=1985|isbn=0297784080|location=London|language=English}}</ref> Daartooɓe naalankaagal nanndini golle ɗee e canvas Giorgionesque Col tempo (E duuɓi), ɗe nde renndini ko nanndi e tiitooɗe laaɓtuɗe,[6] tawi noon kuutoragol Dürer e impasto e colour alɗuɗo e yeeso ina hollita ñamaande duɗal Venezuela. Daartoowo naalankaagal biyeteeɗo T. Sturge Moore hollitii wonde Dürer ina waawi yiɗde hollirde wonde omo waawi pentude no Giorgione nii.[7] Woɗɓe ina cikka wonde golle ɗee ko satire e dow jooɗiiɗo mo yoɓaani mo no o yiɗiri natal gadanal nii. Kono so en ƴeewii ngonka kaalis naalanke oo e oo sahaa, ina wayi no o fotnoo ko anniyaade tooñde potɓe wonde patronat walla soodooɓe. Winndiyanke biyeteeɗo Jessie Allen ina ustoo ndee ɗoo miijo, ina sikki wonde golle ɗee ina gasa tawa mbaawaano dañde soodoowo e dañde kaalis, Dürer huutoriima bannge goɗɗo oo e canndolinɗo oo ngam sosde natal njulaagu.[8] Golle ɗee ina keewi yiyeede ko ɗe njoofaani, sahaa e sahaa fof ina mbiyaa ko sketch. Avarice ina yuɓɓinee e nder galle daartol pinal, to wuro wiyeteengo Vienne. Ina woni e ngonka moƴƴa, kadi kalaaji ɗii ina njogii mbaydi mum en. Tiitoonde nde ko « Natal debbo/Natal debbo » , ko Kunsthistoriches inniri ɗum. == Teskorɗe == * Natal ngal alaa tiitoonde laawɗunde e galle jogiiɗo ngal, ngal heewi wiyeede tan ko natal ngal hollirta "Avarice" walla sketch e dow ɓalewol Portrait of Young Man * Marina Warner winndi wonde "natal Dürer to Vienne, Avarice makko lolluɗo, ina minira glossaire kulɓiniiɗo : faddo, ɓuuɓɗo, ɓuuɓɗo, ɓuuɓɗo, ɓuuɓɗo e chapfallen e sahaa gooto, e sara mum kosam makko mawɗam, ɓuuɓɗam, e ƴiiƴam ɓuuɓɗam imagery of a hag. Kono mo o holliri ɗum oo waawaano waɗde bonanndeeji potɗi e nder haala makko; ɗiin gite rheumy ina nodda yurmeende men, ko famɗi fof e ngonka ɓanndu makko ko ɓuri huutoraade maandeeji ɗi Durer, rewrude e aadaaji tan, woni e waɗde ɗum." * Beyli, duuɓi 13 * Warner, Marina (1985). Monumndaaji e sukaaɓe rewɓe: Allegori mbaydi debbo. Londres: Weydenfeld e Nikolson. ISBN ko 0297784080. * Moore, duuɓi 207 * Silver e Smith, 246 * Moore, 207-208 * Alen, duuɓi 105 == Fuɗɗoode == je3akdcfk12rk0xwnb0bssxej9tcku8 0 39235 181119 161581 2026-08-05T02:33:04Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181119 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Aha Oe Feii?''' walla Aɗa Jeertina? (Farayse: Eh quoi ! Tu es jalouse ?<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EpGcBQAAQBAJ&q=Eh+quoi+%21+Tu+es+jalouse+%3F%29&pg=PT617|title=Impressionnisme et le post impressionnisme|first=Nathalia|last=Brodskaia|date=December 4, 2014|publisher=Editions Prisma|isbn=9782810414147|via=Google Books}}</ref> is ko nate Paul Gauguin ɗe Paul Gauguin waɗi e hitaande 1892, ɗe o waɗi e nguurndam makko, ɗe o siftini caggal ɗuum e nder deftere makko wiyeteende Noa: "E dow daande maayo, miñiraaɓe rewɓe ɗiɗo ina njuula caggal nde ɓe looti daabaaji Noak giɗli hanki e jaaltaaɓe janngo Siftorde ina addana ɓe luurondirde, "Ko? Mbele aɗa jeertina"<ref name="museum">{{Cite web|url=https://pushkinmuseum.art/data/fonds/europe_and_america/j/2001_3000/zh_3269/|title=Aha oe feii? (А, ты ревнуешь?)|website=pushkinmuseum.art|access-date=2019-12-05}}</ref> Gauguin innitiri natal ngal e ɗemngal Tahiti, Aha Oe Feii?, e nder ŋoral les nano ngal. Natal ngal ina siftina en miijo aljanna Pasifik ɗo jokkondiral hakkunde rewɓe e worɓe woni fijirde, alaa ko bonnata. E wiyde porfeseer Peter Toohey, "ndeen kaaɗdi wonaa ko jibini e kulhuli e jokkondiral gonngal hakkunde yimɓe walla giɗli jilɗi – ko batte gooto e miñiraaɓe rewɓe ɓee ɓurde weltaade e jokkondiral jamma ko adii ɗuum".[3] E nder ɓataake mo o winndi e sehil makko gila 1892, Gauguin winndi e nate ɗee : « Miɗo sikki ko ɗum ɓuri moƴƴude e ko mbaɗ-mi haa jooni ».<ref name="Toohey">{{cite book|author=Peter Toohey|title=Jealousy|url=https://archive.org/details/jealousy0000tooh|publisher=Yale University Press|year=2014|page=<!-- not numerated -->|isbn=978-0300190489}}</ref> Natal ngal ina tawee e galle mooftirɗo defte Pushkin, to Moscow, to leydi Riisi. == Tuugnorgal == oll7mo9bdawkr4gbin5ddftj3164xz3 0 39297 180849 161770 2026-08-04T21:38:16Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 9 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180849 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Tahitian Women on the Beach''' (e Farayse: Femmes de Tahiti) ko nate nebam ɗe naalanke Farayse biyeteeɗo Paul Gauguin waɗi. Ina hollita rewɓe ɗiɗo Tahitinaaɓe, ndeeɗoo feccere ina jeyaa e golle ɗe Gauguin timmini e dumunna gadano mo o woni e cakkital duuɗe Pasifik. E yiɗde nokkuuji e yimɓe duuɗe ɗee e seertude ɗum en e jikkuuji pinal e estetik Orop, Gauguin hollitii nate ɗiɗi cuuɗiiɗe e sirlu e maandeeji aljanna Tahiti. Natal ngal ina woni hannde e nder defterdu Musée d'Orsay, to Pari, Farayse.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Shackleford|first=George T.M|title=Gauguin Tahiti|url=https://archive.org/details/gauguintahiti00shac|publisher=MFA Publications|year=2004|location=Boston|pages=[https://archive.org/details/gauguintahiti00shac/page/24 23]–33|language=English}}</ref><ref name=":22">{{Cite book|last=Shackleford|first=George T.M|title=Gauguin Tahiti|url=https://archive.org/details/gauguintahiti00shac|publisher=MFA Publications|year=2004|location=Boston|pages=[https://archive.org/details/gauguintahiti00shac/page/24 23]–33|language=English}}</ref> == Wakere == Natal ngal feewnaa ko e joofnirde njillu naalanke oo gadano to Tahiti (1891–1893). Gauguin yahiino to Koloni Farayse ngam yiylaade ko o sifotoo ko « ekstaasi, calminaali, e naalankaagal », woɗɗitaade ngalu Orop.[3] Ɗee miijooji ina kollita ko o sifotoo e ɓataakeeji makko feewde e Van Gogh ko « safaara... ko ɗum kadi woni e hoore am »[4]: 128 Hay so tawii batte koloñaal Farayse e oon sahaa ina loota won e ɗeen sifaaji ɗi o ɗamininoo heɓde,[5] Gauguin noon, ɗuum ina waɗi heen geɗe keewɗe ɗe o waɗi e mbaydiiji goɗɗi golle. Daartooɓe naalankaagal hannde ɓuri jokkondirde ɗeen golle ko e sifaaji Gauguin, sintetik, e mbaydiiji ɓooyɗi.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Jirat-Wasiutyński|first=Vojtěch|date=1982|title=1886–91 Cloisonism, Synthetism and Symbolism|journal=RACAR: Revue d'art canadienne / Canadian Art Review|volume=9|pages=35–46|doi=10.7202/1074970ar|jstor=42630024|doi-access=free}}</ref>Golle ɗee ina kollita jeyaaɓe e leydi ndii (fotde heen fof ko rewɓe) e nder Eden moƴƴo, mo bonnaaka.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Femmes de Tahiti|url=https://www.musee-orsay.fr/en/artworks/femmes-de-tahiti-290#artwork-complementary-informations|access-date=12 Nov 2023|website=www.musee-orsay.fr}}</ref> Gauguin, Hol to Ngummiɗen? Hol ko ngonɗen? Hol to min njahata?, 1897 Ɗee golle njeyaa ko e toɓɓere hakkundeere e nder nguurndam Gauguin ; ɓe ndarni ko e fannuuji Tahitiyankooji haa jooni tawa ina njogii heen miijo ngo alaa ko woni e mum so wonaa e golle makko caggal ɗuum ko wayi no Hol to ngarten? Hol ko ngonɗen? Hol to njahaten?, ɗi ustata hakkillaaji mum en e ƴeewndo, ɗi ɓuri hakkillaaji mum en ko e maandeeji e ko ɓuri tagoore.[8] Rewɓe Tahitinaaɓe e daande maayo, ko Gauguin neldi ɗum en to Pari ngam hollirde ɗum en e Durand-Ruel e dow miijo sehil Gauguin e balloowo mum ɓurɗo mawnude, hono Edgar Degas.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last=ten-Doesschate Chu|first=Petra|title=Nineteenth-Century European Art|url=https://archive.org/details/nineteenthcentur0000chup|publisher=Prentice Hall|year=2006|isbn=0-205-70799-8|edition=3rd|location=NJ|page=[https://archive.org/details/nineteenthcentur0000chup/page/478 478]|language=English}}</ref>: 129.<ref name=":6">{{Cite book|last=Groom|first=Gloria-Lynn|title=Gauguin : artist as alchemist|url=https://archive.org/details/gauguinartistasa0000glor|publisher=The Art Institute of Chicago|year=2017|isbn=9780300217018|edition=1st|location=Chicago|page=[https://archive.org/details/gauguinartistasa0000glor/page/208 208]|language=English}}</ref><ref name=":34">{{Cite book|last=ten-Doesschate Chu|first=Petra|title=Nineteenth-Century European Art|url=https://archive.org/details/nineteenthcentur0000chup|publisher=Prentice Hall|year=2006|isbn=0-205-70799-8|edition=3rd|location=NJ|page=[https://archive.org/details/nineteenthcentur0000chup/page/n479 478]|language=English}}</ref> == Koolondiral e ƴeewndo == Pecce ɗee ina kollita rewɓe ɗiɗo Tahitinaaɓe jooɗiiɓe e nder ngonka ŋoŋɗi. Hay so tawii ko toɓɓere jeewte hakkunde daartiyankooɓe naalankaagal, tiitoonde ndee ina majjere sibu ina gasa tawa rewɓe ɗiɗo ɓee ngonaa e daande maayo. Laabi gonɗi e nder nokkuuji pentiir okra e oole kam e laabi daneeji e nder laylaytol ceertungol ɓalewol e danewol ina mbaawi hollirde mahdi wonaa njaareendi e ɓuuɓol. Daartol naalankaagal biyeteeɗo Charles Stuckey hollitii wonde ŋakkeende laaɓtunde ndee ina ɓeyda tan sirlu e maanaa mo anndaaka nanngaa e nder pecce ɗee.[9] Nanduɓe e nate makko Tahitiyankooje ɓennuɗe ɗee, ɓeeɗoo rewɓe ngonaa e gollal gootal.[10] So tawii debbo gonɗo bannge nano oo ina ɓoornii pareu native aadaaji, gonɗo bannge ñaamo oo ina ɓoornii wutte misiyoŋaaji ina hollita semmbe koloñaal Farayse e woodgol duumingol golle misiyoŋaaji Kerecee’en e dow duuɗe ɗee.<ref name=":32">{{Cite book|last=ten-Doesschate Chu|first=Petra|title=Nineteenth-Century European Art|url=https://archive.org/details/nineteenthcentur0000chup|publisher=Prentice Hall|year=2006|isbn=0-205-70799-8|edition=3rd|location=NJ|page=[https://archive.org/details/nineteenthcentur0000chup/page/478 478]|language=English}}</ref><ref name=":33">{{Cite book|last=ten-Doesschate Chu|first=Petra|title=Nineteenth-Century European Art|url=https://archive.org/details/nineteenthcentur0000chup|publisher=Prentice Hall|year=2006|isbn=0-205-70799-8|edition=3rd|location=NJ|page=[https://archive.org/details/nineteenthcentur0000chup/page/478 478]|language=English}}</ref>: 475 Rewɓe ɓee e koye mum en ko sirlu, ina njiyloo mette. Gauguin ina 6eydoo 6uu6de e oo aduna keso e silsil mum haa teengti noon, mo o wiyi « ina 6eydoo haawnaade e kala ko ina wona...Micfo waawi faamde hol ko addani yim6e 6ee waawde heddaade waktuuji e balcfe ina njoocfii ina 6eydoo 6uu6de e ndaarde asamaan ». sirlu caggal mum. Sifaa rewɓe ɓee kadi ina luulndii miijooji goodɗi ɗii. Laral maɓɓe luggiɗngal e ɓalli maɓɓe doole ina kollita ɓuuɓri mawndi, ina waɗa ɓe no mbaydiiji androgynooji ɓurɗi nanndude e seppooji.[2]: 27 E oon sahaa gooto, yeesooji maɓɓe ɓuri nanndude e masiŋaaji, ina mbayla pentol ngol e portraiture feewde e genre maɓɓe By0:0 laawol, Gauguin ina luulndii miijooji Oropnaaɓe e ŋarɗugol e aljanna.[10]: 60 .<ref name=":62">{{Cite book|last=Groom|first=Gloria-Lynn|title=Gauguin : artist as alchemist|url=https://archive.org/details/gauguinartistasa0000glor|publisher=The Art Institute of Chicago|year=2017|isbn=9780300217018|edition=1st|location=Chicago|page=[https://archive.org/details/gauguinartistasa0000glor/page/208 208]|language=English}}</ref><ref name=":35">{{Cite book|last=ten-Doesschate Chu|first=Petra|title=Nineteenth-Century European Art|url=https://archive.org/details/nineteenthcentur0000chup|publisher=Prentice Hall|year=2006|isbn=0-205-70799-8|edition=3rd|location=NJ|page=[https://archive.org/details/nineteenthcentur0000chup/page/478 478]|language=English}}</ref> Manet, dow daande maayo, hitaande 1873 To bannge kompoññe, nate ɗee ina njalta e nanondiral jamaanu nguu. Gauguin ina ɓuuɓna limooje ɗiɗi ɗee e nder weeyo canndolinɗo oo, kono ɗe ngonaa gootum no feewi.[11]: 236 Daartooɓe naalankaagal ina nanndi e ngalɗoo fannu golle e no limooje ɗee mbaɗirtee e nder deftere Manet wiyeteende On the Beach.[9]: 236 Nokkuuji ɗi Gauguin huutortoo ɗii ko oraas, oole, roosa, okra, boɗeeji luggiɗɗi, turkiiji, e boɗeeji. Ɗeeɗoo colours ina njuɓɓinaa e mbaydi pawndi e nanndundi e nate.[10]: 60 Geɗe diidi e colours ina mbaɗa sifaaji e motiiji hoybinaaɗi. Ndeeɗoo mahdi ina nanndi e maandeeji, sintetism/kloisonism, e primitivism. So tawii natal ngal ina tuugnii e goonga ko wayi no golle makko caggal ɗuum, ƴeewndorɗe Gauguin e nguurndam Tahiti ina njuɓɓinee e nder binndol makko ngam teeŋtinde sirlu e haawnaaki e miijo aljanna Tahiti, ina ɓuuɓna miijooji ɗii goonga.[8]: 478–481 Gauguin the conception of.[8]: 478–481 rewɓe e nokkuuji mum en rewrude e kuutoragol makko sintesis. Helmere nde o sinci e hoore makko, nde ummii ko e cloisonism, nde huutortoo ko diidi niɓɓi ngam seerndude taƴe ɓutte ngam ustude maanaa huunde goonga, yiyteende, e nokku mum, waɗta hakkille e jimɗi nder mum, maandeeji.[8]: 473 Pecce ɗee, e nder ngalɗoo karallaagal, ina kawra e goongaaji teskagol Gauguin e oo aduna miskineeɓe. Ndeeɗoo mistik ina jokkondiri kadi e fannu ɓurɗo luulndaade e nate ɗee : primitivism. Daartooɓe naalankaagal ɓooyii siftinde golle ɗee ko e nder jaabawol Gauguin e "tooñannge" siwil Orop.[12] Kono, ko ɓuri jooni, daartiyankooɓe naalankaagal ina ñiŋa ndee ɗoo golle, sibu ko ɗum huunde nde imperiyaalisma koloñaal e dow ɓiɓɓe leydi ndii, ina mbiya wonde ndeeɗoo natal e woɗɓe ina njogii huutoraade "savageness" ɓiɓɓe leydi ndii.[13] Parau Api (Ko woni kabaaru?) Gauguin, Parau api (Hol kabaaru?), hitaande 1892 Parau api, timmuɗo e hitaande 1892, ko jibinannde feere Rewɓe Tahitinaaɓe e Beeli. Gauguin ina wiyee mettini heen no feewi nde Parau api yeeytaa, golle ɗee ina kollita no Rewɓe Tahitinaaɓe e Beach mbaɗiri e makko nafoore.[10] Ina waɗi ko famɗi fof geɗe goote kono ina waɗi waylooji keewɗi. Gauguin ittii ɓoornungal misiyoŋaaji ngam pareu ɓuuɓɗo. Nokku oo kadi lomtinaama e oole luggiɗɗe. Kono ko ɓuri teeŋtude, ɓeydugol posto leɗɗe e nder ŋoral toowngal-nyaamo pecce ɗee ina addana en won e seedanteeje ɓeydooje wonde e goonga rewɓe ɓee ngonaa e dow maayo kono ko e dow ŋoral aadaaji Tahiti.[9] Parau api ina hollira hannde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde to Dresden, to leydi Almaañ.[14] == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol nate ɗe Paul Gauguin waɗi == Tuugnorgal == q97z3lix05hcango6vp5dxuxjtqqedh 0 39337 181139 161914 2026-08-05T02:53:07Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181139 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Frida: Nguurndam Frida Kahlo''' ko deftere nde Hayden Herrera winndi e hitaande 1983, ko fayti e nguurndam naalanke Meksiknaajo biyeteeɗo Frida Kahlo, naalankaagal mum, e jokkondiral mum e naalanke biyeteeɗo Diego Rivera. Deftere ndee ina waɗi 25 boowe pecciraaɗe pecce jeegom, kam e fotooje Kahlo e nate mum. E nder kala taƴre, ina waɗi nate nguurndam Kahlo, koppiiji ɓataakeeji ɗi Kahlo winndi, e sifaaji e ƴeewndorɗe nate makko. Filmu mawɗo mo suudu 2002, Frida, ƴettaa e deftere nde, ina holla Salma Hayek e Kahlo. Deftere ndee yalti ko e hitaande 2002, tawi ko mbaydi ɗiɗmiri ndi filmo oo ƴetti.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.bustle.com/p/11-biographies-of-badass-women-to-inspire-you-to-kick-ass-make-good-art-change-the-world-10068194|title=11 Biographies Of Badass Women To Inspire You To Kick Ass, Make Good Art, And Change The World|last=Ahlin|first=Charlotte|date=13 August 2018|access-date=19 August 2018|journal=[[Bustle (magazine)|Bustle]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.indiatimes.com/trending/social-relevance/10-biographies-of-badass-women-that-are-bucket-list-worthy-351422.html|last=Archana|first=KC|date=18 August 2018|access-date=19 August 2018|newspaper=[[India Times]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180818185153/https://www.indiatimes.com/trending/social-relevance/10-biographies-of-badass-women-that-are-bucket-list-worthy-351422.html|archive-date=18 August 2018|publisher=[[Times Internet Limited]]|title=10 Biographies Of Badass Women That Are Bucket List-Worthy}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Herrera|first=Hayden|title=Frida: a biography of Frida Kahlo|url=https://archive.org/details/frida00hayd|date=2002|publisher=Perennial|isbn=978-0-06-008589-6|edition=reprint|location=New York}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/10/25/movies/film-review-a-celebrated-artist-s-biography-on-the-verge-of-being-a-musical.html|title=FILM REVIEW; A Celebrated Artist's Biography, on the Verge of Being a Musical|last=Scott|first=A. O.|author-link=A. O. Scott|date=19 August 2000|access-date=19 August 2018|newspaper=[[NY Times]]|publisher=[[The New York Times Company]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/jun/17/frida-reel-history|title=Frida: raises an eyebrow|first=Alex|last=von Tunzelmann|author-link=Alex von Tunzelmann|date=17 June 2010|access-date=19 August 2018|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|publisher=[[Guardian News and Media Limited]]}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> lwmqx7tq1xq73baz3m5a4s3gq2sr9bf 0 39367 180864 161999 2026-08-04T21:56:19Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180864 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Gabriyella (Gaby) Angelini''' (1911 - 3 desaambar 1932) ko laana ndiwoowa Itaalinaajo. Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗagol Angelini jibinaa ko to Milan e nder galle alɗuɗo. O heɓi kaayitaaji makko pilot ko omo yahra e duuɓi 19, o yaawi wontude neɗɗo lolluɗo e nder leydi Itali. Golle diwooje Moto silindiraaɗo 4, mo henndu coofni, ina sikkaa ko kañum woni laana ndiwoowa Breda Ba.15 ka Gaby Angelini yani e jeereende Libi ñalnde 3 desaambar 1932 Angelini woni debbo Itaalinaajo gadano timminde diwgol mum e nder Orop, o yahri ko leyɗeele Orop jeetati, o heɓi heen njeenaari « Golden Eagle ». E hitaande 1932 o ummii Itali e laana ndiwoowa gooto, o fayi Delhi, to leydi Inndo, omo yahra e laana ndiwoowa Breda Ba.15. Angelini hawri e caɗeele e nder henndu sanngara to Libi e laawol, o yani e jeereende, o maayi. Ko ɓuri 120 000 neɗɗo tawtoraama wirwirnde makko to Milan. Njawdi E hitaande 2014, deftere nde Rosellina Piano winndi e nguurndam Angelini, tiitoonde mum ko La Leggenda di Little Gaby (Legende de petite Gaby).<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Politics of the Visible: Writing Women, Culture, and Fascism|url=https://archive.org/details/politicsofvisibl0000pick|last=Pickering-Iazzi|first=Robin|publisher=University of Minnesota Press|year=1997|isbn=|location=Minneapolis, MN|pages=[https://archive.org/details/politicsofvisibl0000pick/page/113 113]|quote=|via=}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/gaby-angelini/|title=Angelini, Gaby nell'Enciclopedia Treccani|website=www.treccani.it|access-date=2017-01-26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2507&dat=19321212&id=xaBAAAAAIBAJ&sjid=dqUMAAAAIBAJ&pg=3452,6207412|title=The Glasgow Herald - Google News Archive Search|website=news.google.com|access-date=2017-01-26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mauroquattrina.jimdo.com/gaby-angelini/|title=GABY ANGELINI|website=mauroquattrina.jimdo.com|language=it-IT|access-date=2017-01-26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.astilibri.com/cultura/little_gaby.htm|title=La leggenda di Little Gaby|website=www.astilibri.com|access-date=2017-01-26}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> jaegx2ibedc3e3y2vloq31huoxhte6t 0 39404 181171 162127 2026-08-05T03:28:44Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181171 wikitext text/x-wiki '''La Blouse Roumaine''' ko natal nebam e dow mbaydi, ngal Henri Matisse waɗi gila 1940. Natal ngal ina waɗi 92 × 73 cm, ngal woni hannde ko e galle mooftirɗo naalankaagal kesal to Pari. Ina hollira debbo ina ɓoornii wutte daneejo, ina ɓoornii wutte daneejo, ina ɓoornii wutte daneejo.<ref name="pomp2">{{cite web|url=https://www.centrepompidou.fr/fr/ressources/oeuvre/Tf4mMLp|title=La Blouse Romaine|publisher=Centre Pompidou|access-date=2024-06-14}}</ref> Hay so tawii noon Centre Pompidou ina siftina Lydia Delectorskaya wonde ko kañum woni mbaydi asliiji,<ref name="pomp">{{cite web|url=https://www.centrepompidou.fr/fr/ressources/oeuvre/Tf4mMLp|title=La Blouse Romaine|publisher=Centre Pompidou|access-date=2024-06-14}}</ref> kanndidaaji goɗɗi ngam ƴellitde nate ɗee ina njeyaa heen Elvira Popesku, Elena Vakaresku, Anna de Noailles e Marthe Bibesco.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ziare.com/vedete/actori/mandru-ca-sunt-roman-elvira-popescu-steaua-teatrului-si-cinematografiei-franceze-1200978|title=Elvira Popescu, steaua teatrului si cinematografiei franceze|publisher=ziare.com|language=Romanian|accessdate=August 4, 2013}}</ref> Matisse waɗii nate sappo e hitaande 1939 haa 1945.<ref>{{cite book|title=Concise Encyclopedia of Modern Art|url=https://archive.org/details/conciseencyclope0000char|first=Raymond|last=Charmet|editor-first=Roger|editor-last=Brunyate|publisher=Follett Publishing Company|year=1974|isbn=9780695804695|page=[https://archive.org/details/conciseencyclope0000char/page/154 154]}}</ref> Sketch pen e tinndi ina waɗi tiitoonde wootere, ina waɗi buloos nannduɗo kono ko mbaydi ngoɗndi, ina waɗi e hitaande 1937, ina woni e nder defterdu Baltimore Museum of Art.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://collection.artbma.org/objects/28753/rumanian-blouse|title=Rumanian Blouse|publisher=Baltimore Museum of Art|access-date=2024-06-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Henri Matisse|first=Jean|last=Leymarie|pages=154–155|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SBdn1a2XwBwC&pg=PA154|publisher=University of California Press|year=1966}}</ref> == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol golle Henri Matisse Koɗki gaadanteeji Rumaani == Tuugnorgal == "Bluse Romaine". 2fhj58vwefnwecx6oursi7s41umv6ao 0 39419 180808 162177 2026-08-04T20:50:35Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180808 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Rebecca J. Cole (16 marse 1846 – 14 ut 1922)''' ko cafroowo Ameriknaajo, sosɗo fedde, peewnoowo renndo. E hitaande 1867, o woni debbo afriknaajo-ameriknaajo ɗiɗaɓo wontude safroowo to Amerik, caggal Rebecca Lee Crumpler duuɓi tati ko adii ɗuum. E nder nguurndam makko fof o hawri ko e caɗeele njiyaagu e jinnaaɓe e nder jaŋde makko safaara, e heblo e nder duɗe rewɓe fof ɗe yontaaji gadani cafrooɓe rewɓe jannguɓe. Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗagol Cole jibinaa ko to Philadelphia ñalnde 16 marse 1846, omo jeyaa e sukaaɓe njoyo. Baaba makko ko golloowo, yumma makko ko lootoowo. Gooto e miñiraaɓe makko rewɓe, hono Sarah Elizabeth Cole, resii Henry L. Phillips, almuudo Episkopaal Afriknaajo Ameriknaajo mawɗo, c.1876. Cole janngi duɗal hakkundeewal to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde sukaaɓe ɓaleeɓe ɗo janngirɗe ɗemngal Latin, Grek, e hiisa, o heɓi bak makko e hitaande 1863. Cole heɓi bak mum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde safaara debbo to Pennsylvania e hitaande 1867, e gardagol Ann Preston, debbo gadano deenoowo duɗal ngal. Koolaaɗo kuuɓal safaara rewɓe sosaa ko e juuɗe Quaker en yiɗɓe woppude laamu e reformers temperance e hitaande 1850. Ko adii fof ko duɗal safaara rewɓe Pennsylvania, ko ngal duɗal gadanal rokkude rewɓe jaŋde safaara laaɓtunde tawa ko e kulhuli tesis M.D. Cole e tiitoonde mum ko The Eendages. E hitaande makko mawnde, Cole wuuri ko e wondiiɓe makko janngooɓe safaara, hono Odelia Blinn e Martha E. Hutchings. Fotde duuɓi capanɗe tati caggal ɗuum, Blinn winndi winndannde ina hollita no taƴgol ‘color line’ to Philadelphia fotnoo ustude jaŋde Cole to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde e peeje mum ngam waɗde golle safroowo. Kugal Caggal nde o heɓi dipolom makko to bannge safaara, Cole naati e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Elizabeth Blackwell to New York ngam rewɓe e sukaaɓe waasɓe, ɗo o halfinaa jannginde rewɓe wonɓe e cuuɗi cafrirɗi toppitagol e cellal hade jibineede. Blackwell siftini Cole bana "cafroowo suka mo mari hakkilo [mo] jokki kuugal man bee hakkilo bee hakkiilo." Cole caggal ɗuum waɗii safaara seeɗa to Caroline du Sud hade mum hootde Philadelphia. E hitaande 1873, Cole udditi nokku ɗo rewɓe njiylotoo ɗoo e Doktoor Charlotte Abbey, ɗo o rokkata rewɓe e sukaaɓe waasɓe golle safaara e sariya. E lewru Yarkomaa hitaande 1899, Cole toɗɗaama hooreejo galle mo fedde wallitooɓe rewɓe e sukaaɓe waasɓe ɓaleeɓe to Washington, D.C. Rajo fedde nde hitaande 1899 hollitii wonde Cole ina jogii "denndaangal sifaaji potɗi wonde e ndee ɗoo darnde, humpito, semmbe." Ciimtol caggal ɗuum hollitii wonde : Kanko Dr Cole, o waɗii ko ɓuri ko sehilaaɓe makko ɗaminii. E yi’annde laaɓnde e kuuɓtodinnde e fannu golle makko fof, o waɗii peeje makko e hakkille moƴƴo e doole ɗe ngonaa e jikku makko, tawa kadi ko weltaare makko, e pellital makko yiyde ko ɓuri moƴƴude e kala ngonka e nder kala neɗɗo, o waɗii e sara makko weeyo naange ɓeydoowo weltaare e wellitaare kala galle. — Ciimtol hitaandewol Fedde ngenndiije ngam wallitde rewɓe e sukaaɓe ɓaleeɓe waasɓe, https://www.loc.gov/item/91898495/ Cole waɗii safaara duuɓi capanɗe joyi. E hitaande 2015, o suɓaama e nder duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal wuro Philadelphia ngam wonde teddinaaɗo e nder dingiral Innovators Walk of Fame. Wade Cole sankii ko ñalnde 14 ut 1922, tawi omo yahra e duuɓi 76. O wirnaa ko to yanaande Eden to Collingdale, to Pennsylvanie. Ko seeɗa e binndanɗe walla fotooje makko keddii.<ref>{{cite book|first=Darryl|last=Lyman|title=Great African-American Women|url=https://archive.org/details/greatafricanamer0000lyma_w4o4|location=Middle Village, NY|publisher=J David|year=2005|isbn=978-0-82460-459-2|page=[https://archive.org/details/greatafricanamer0000lyma_w4o4/page/279 279]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2007-11-17|title=Rebecca J. Cole (1846-1922) •|url=https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/cole-rebecca-j-1846-1922/|access-date=2022-02-11|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Archdeacon Henry L. Phillips Ninth Rector (1912-1914)|url=http://www.aecst.org/phillips%209threc.htm|access-date=2023-06-06|website=www.aecst.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Fee|first1=Elizabeth|last2=Brown|first2=Theodore M.|date=March 2004|title="An Eventful Epoch in the History of Your Lives"|journal=American Journal of Public Health|volume=94|issue=3|pages=367|doi=10.2105/ajph.94.3.367|issn=0090-0036|pmc=1448257|pmid=14998795}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Odelia Blinn, MD|title=The Color Line in 1867|publisher=[[Chicago Inter Ocean|The Inter Ocean]]|date=May 18, 1896|page=12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Nimura|first=Janice P.|author-link=Janice P. Nimura|title=The doctors Blackwell : how two pioneering sisters brought medicine to women--and women to medicine|url=https://archive.org/details/doctorsblackwell0000nimu|date=2021|isbn=978-0-393-63554-6|edition=|location=New York, N.Y.|publisher=W.W. Norton & Company|oclc=1155067347}}</ref><ref name="ThreadofHope">{{cite book|last1=Clark Hine|first1=Darlene|url=https://archive.org/details/shiningthreadofh00hine|title=A Shining Thread of Hope|last2=Thompson|first2=Kathleen|date=1998|publisher=Broadway Books|isbn=0-7679-0111-8|edition=First|location=New York, NY|page=[https://archive.org/details/shiningthreadofh00hine/page/163 163]|url-access=registration}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Thirty-seventh annual report of the National Association for the Relief of Destitute Colored Women and Children, for the year ending January, 1900 ...|url=https://www.loc.gov/item/91898495/|access-date=2022-02-11|website=Library of Congress}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> goopontumjeqw9f7657xe9j484n1zya 0 39422 180990 168147 2026-08-05T00:06:57Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180990 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Peggy Brock''' "'''Peggy'''" '''Brock''' A. M. FASSA (16 marse 1948 – 30 mee 2023) ko daartoowo e binndoowo [[Ostarali]]. Faandaare makko ɓurnde yiɗeede ko daartol koloñaal e taariindi ɓiɓɓe leydi ''Australia'', Pasifik e nokkuuji [[Kanada|Kanadaa]] e [[Afrik]], teeŋti noon e rewɓe Aborigine en [[Ostarali]]. Golle makko ina njokki e siftineede e nder jeewte ngenndiije e hakkunde leyɗeele jowitiiɗe e politik Ɓiɓɓe leydi. O jibinaa ko to Adelaide, o ƴetti golle jaŋde, o woni ko e joofnirde golle makko, o woni porfeseer emeritus to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Edith Cowan to Perth, to bannge worgo [[Ostarali]].<ref name="eccles2023">{{cite web|last=Eccles|first=David|title=Historian helped Indigenous Australians tell their stories|website=[[InDaily]]|date=10 August 2023|url=https://indaily.com.au/news/2023/08/10/historian-helped-indigenous-australians-tell-their-stories/|access-date=10 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Brock|first=P.|title=The Many Voyages of Arthur Wellington Clah: A Tsimshian Man on the Pacific Northwest Coast|publisher=UBC Press|year=2011|isbn=978-0-7748-2007-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NgMtTxJ91ikC|access-date=11 August 2023|page=}}</ref> == Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗagol == Margaret Susan Brock jibinaa ko to Adelaide, to [[Ostarali]] worgo ñalnde 16 marse 1948. Jibnaaɓe makko, hono Frank e Ilse, ko yahuud en [[Otiris|Otirisnaaɓe]] e Almaañnaaɓe, ɓe ngummii to Angalteer e kitaale 1930 caggal nde ɓe torraa sabu ko ɓe ngoongɗini sosiyaalist en. Caggal nde ɓe ngummii to [[Ostarali]], ɓe kawri e wolde adunaare ɗiɗmere e humpitooji maɓɓe e ɗemngal [[Almaanya|Almaañ]], ɓe mbaɗti ɗum en ko alɗuɓe. Frank wonti jom njulaagu, Ilse wonti fijirde.<ref name="quadrant">Roberts, Brian, [https://quadrant.org.au/opinion/bennelong-papers/2015/06/debate-remote-reason/ "A Debate Remote from Reason"], ''Quadrant'', 2015-06-06</ref><ref name="dubinsky">{{Cite book|title=Within and Without the Nation: Canadian History as Transnational History|url=https://archive.org/details/withinwithoutnat0000unse|last1=Dubinsky|first1=Karen|last2=Perry|first2=Adele|last3=Yu|first3=Henry|publisher=University of Toronto Press|year=2015|isbn=9781442614635|location=Toronto}}</ref> Brock mawni ko to Netherby e Hazelwood Park, o yahi duɗal to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde sukaaɓe rewɓe Presbyterian, hannde duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Seymour. O janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Adelaide, ɗo o heɓi B.A.(Hons) e hitaande 1969 (caggal ɗuum o heɓi PhD). O yahri no feewi e nder duuɓi makko capanɗe jeegom, ko ɓuri heewde ko e Orop. == Fuɗɗoode golle == Brock fuɗɗii wonde jannginoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde, kono o ardiima o woppi jaŋde caggal nde almuudo gooto naamndii mo hol ko waɗi ɓe janngude Henry VIII, o tawi o waawaa jaabaade ngal naamnal. Caggal nde o golliima e laamu [[Ostarali]] worgo, o woni peewnitoowo wuro Monarto ngo o yiɗi, kono caggal ɗuum o woppitaa, o wonti daartoowo gadano e nder fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e ndonaandi Aborigine en [[Ostarali]] worgo e nder Departemaa Environnement e Planning e nder kitaale 1980. O fuɗɗii wallude renndooji Aborigine en ngam winndude ko kewi e leƴƴi mum en caggal nde [[Ostarali]] heɓti koloñaal, o huutorii karallaagal ngal o ƴetti e hoore makko. Ɗee ngaddi hakkille makko e nder leydi hee e nder winndere ndee kala. O ɓuri tiiɗnaade ko e rewɓe, ɓe annduɓe ɓennuɓe ɓee njiytaani darnde mum en e nder renndooji mum en. == Golle jaŋde == Caggal nde gorko makko, Norman Etherington, toɗɗaa hooreejo daartol to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Ostarali]] hirnaange e hitaande 1989, Brock ina golloo e doktoraa mum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Adelaide, ngal o rokkaa e hitaande 1992. E yahde Perth, o ɓadtii duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Edith Cowan, ngal sosaa ko ɓooyaani, ngal e oon sahaa alaa gollotooɓe seeɗa ngam Departemaa maɓɓe keso oo, ko fayti e jaŋde Aborigine en e hakkunde pine. Caggal nde o toɗɗaa e Edith Cowan, o dañii ƴellitaare jokkondire, haa o dañi darnde professeur toon e hitaande 2007. O toɗɗaa ko njillu to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Basel, [[Suwis|Siwis]] (2003) e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Commonwealth, to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Londres (2005). Ɓesngu nguu arti Adelaide e hitaande 2010, Brock jokki wiɗtooji mum e nder wiɗtooji njillu, tawi ko ballal fedde wiɗtooji [[Ostarali]], o jokki e wallitde defte e jaŋde. O wonti jannginoowo emeritus to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Edith Cowan.<ref name="valesam3">{{Cite web|title=Vale Emeritus Professor Peggy Brock AM FASSA (1948-2023)|url=https://www.samuseum.sa.gov.au/media/peggy-brock|access-date=2023-07-21|website=[[South Australian Museum]]}}</ref><ref name="valesam4">{{Cite web|title=Vale Emeritus Professor Peggy Brock AM FASSA (1948-2023)|url=https://www.samuseum.sa.gov.au/media/peggy-brock|access-date=2023-07-21|website=[[South Australian Museum]]}}</ref> == Binndanɗe == E hitaande 1985, nde o woni e golle e nder fedde nde wonaa laamuyankoore to SA, o yaltini deftere makko adannde, nde o tuugnii e golle makko e leñol Adnyamathanha to bannge worgo Flinders Ranges. Yura e Udnyu: Daartol Adnyamathanha e nder ŋoral Flinders worgo Jaaynde Wakefield, 1985 e 2023].<ref name="eccles20233">{{cite web|last=Eccles|first=David|title=Historian helped Indigenous Australians tell their stories|website=[[InDaily]]|date=10 August 2023|url=https://indaily.com.au/news/2023/08/10/historian-helped-indigenous-australians-tell-their-stories/|access-date=10 August 2023}}</ref><ref name="valesam2">{{Cite web|title=Vale Emeritus Professor Peggy Brock AM FASSA (1948-2023)|url=https://www.samuseum.sa.gov.au/media/peggy-brock|access-date=2023-07-21|website=[[South Australian Museum]]}}</ref> Ngoo wiɗto addani en waɗde bayyinaango mawngo woɗngo, wiyeteengo ''Women Rites & Sites''. Ganndal pinal rewɓe aborigine, ko deftere binndanɗe teskinɗe tuugiiɗe e ciimtol asliwol feewde e dental ndonaandi aborigine, kanko e rewɓe jeeɗiɗo woɗɓe ɓe ngonaa aborigine, annduɓe e ndeeɗoo fannu (Catherine Berndt, Catherine J. Ellis, Linda Barwick, Helen Her Jacob an Jacob an Jane). ɓeydaare joofnirde e dow diiwaan fuɗnaange [[Ostarali]] fuɗnaange nde Fay Gale, wiɗtoowo ganndal ɓooyɗo e yimɓe Aborigine en winndi, ngam timminde ƴeewndo Dowla oo fof. Faandaare Women Rites & Sites ko hollirde e feewnude mbaydiiji pinal e wumre jinnaaɓe e wiɗtooji ɓennuɗi jowitiiɗi e nguurndam pinal Aborigine en. Ko ɗum yeru arano e faamde taariindi e pinal ɓiɓɓe leydi [[Ostarali]] puɗɗii feeñde e kitaale 1980 caggal nde Henry Reynolds winndi “Bannge goɗɗo oo e keeri: Reentaade Aborigine en e Naatgol Oropnaaɓe e [[Ostarali]]” (1981), taariindi luurondirndi e jokkondiral hakkunde Aborigine’en [[Ostarali]], e Oropnaaɓe koɗdiiɗo Hareeji.<ref name="quadrant2">Roberts, Brian, [https://quadrant.org.au/opinion/bennelong-papers/2015/06/debate-remote-reason/ "A Debate Remote from Reason"], ''Quadrant'', 2015-06-06</ref><ref name="dubinsky2">{{Cite book|title=Within and Without the Nation: Canadian History as Transnational History|url=https://archive.org/details/withinwithoutnat0000unse|last1=Dubinsky|first1=Karen|last2=Perry|first2=Adele|last3=Yu|first3=Henry|publisher=University of Toronto Press|year=2015|isbn=9781442614635|location=Toronto}}</ref> Ɓooytaani, Brock wallitii e daartol Background to ciimtol Ostarali fuɗnaange ngol Komiseer laamɗo oo waɗi e maayde Aborigine en e nder kasoo (1990), e ɗaɓɓaande tiitoonde ɓiɓɓe leydi e nder Ostarali fuɗnaange ina heewi siftinde wiɗtooji makko. Golle makko mawɗe garooje ɗee ko golle ballondiral e Doreen Kartinyeri, e daartol Misiyoŋ Poonindie to duunde Eyre (Poonindie: Ummagol e halkaare renndo ndema aborigine en (1989). Deftere makko tataɓere ndee ko « Ghettos Outback ». Daartol juɓɓule e nguurndam Aborigine en (1993), ngol kadi teeŋtini ko [[Ostarali]] worgo, tawi ko jogori aroyde, Words and Silences. Rewɓe Aborigine’en, Siyaasa e Leydi (2001) jokkiti hakkiilo maako dow rewɓe Aborigine’en ammaa nder wakkati Australia ɓurduɗum.<ref name="eccles20232">{{cite web|last=Eccles|first=David|title=Historian helped Indigenous Australians tell their stories|website=[[InDaily]]|date=10 August 2023|url=https://indaily.com.au/news/2023/08/10/historian-helped-indigenous-australians-tell-their-stories/|access-date=10 August 2023}}</ref><ref name="valesam">{{Cite web|title=Vale Emeritus Professor Peggy Brock AM FASSA (1948-2023)|url=https://www.samuseum.sa.gov.au/media/peggy-brock|access-date=2023-07-21|website=[[South Australian Museum]]}}</ref> O waɗii duuɓi 15 e wiɗto, e binndol, e binndol golle mawɗe bayyinaaɗe e hitaande 2011, wiyeteende « Jaɓɓungal keewngal Arthur Wellington Clah : gorko Tsimshian to bannge worgo-fuɗnaange Pasifik ». O tawi e o moofti ciimtol gorko gooto jeyaaɗo e leƴƴi gadani Kanadaa (Tsimshian) biyeteeɗo Arthur Wellington Clah, binndaaɗo hakkunde kitaale 1850 e 1900. Defte makko goɗɗe, Leƴƴi ɓiɗɓe leydi e waylo-waylo diine e Linjiila ɓiɗɓe leydi e naamne laamu e nder laamu Biritaan 1750-1940), kadi ina njahdi e ngonka [[Ostarali]]. == Anndinde e teddungal == Brock suɓaama e nder duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde gannde renndo to [[Ostarali]] e hitaande 2005, o waɗii njilluuji e nder duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Basel, [[Suwis|Siwis]] (2003) e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ''Commonwealth'', to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Londres (2005). E nder hitaande 2021, ñalngu nguu laamɗo debbo oo mawni, Brock toɗɗaama tergal e fedde [[Ostarali]] ngam "golle maantinɗe e jaŋde toownde, e daartol ɓiɓɓe leydi". == Nguurndam neɗɗo == Brock resi Norman Etherington, mo o hawri e mum ko jannginoowo daartol to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Adelaide, ɓe ndañi ɓiɓɓe worɓe ɗiɗo. Natan e Ben. == Maayde e ndonu == Brock maayi ko e rafi kanseer ñalnde 30 mee 2023. O woppi jom suudu makko, ɓiɓɓe makko worɓe e taaniraaɓe makko. Skarlett e Hariyet Eterington E nder defte ɗee fof o winndi walla o wayli defte jeenay, heen jeegom ko ko fayti e Aborigine en [[Ostarali]] worgo. O wallitii no feewi e ɓanndu ganndal taariindi koloñaal e ɓiɓɓe leydi to [[Ostarali]], Pasifik, e nokkuuji [[Kanada|Kanadaa]] e [[Afrik]], haa teeŋti e rewɓe Aborigine en. Golle makko ina njokki e siftineede e nder jeewte ngenndiije e hakkunde leyɗeele jowitiiɗe e politik ɓiɓɓe leydi. == Golle mawɗe == * Yura e Udnyu: Taariiha Adnyhamathanaha haa woylaare Flinders Jaaynde Wakefield, 1985 e 2022]. * Rewɓe Rites & Sites. Ganndal pinal rewɓe aborigine en (Allen & Unwin (Ostarali), 1989) * Wondude e Kartinyeri, D., Poonindie: Ummagol e halkaare renndo ndema aborigine en (1989) * Gettooji caggal leydi. Daartol juɓɓule e nguurndam Aborigine en (1993) * Konnguɗi e Silsil. Rewɓe Ɓiɓɓe leydi, politik e leydi (2001, 2003) * Leƴƴi Ɓiɓɓe leydi e waylo-waylo diine (2005) * Jaɓɓungal keewngal ngal Arthur Wellington Clah waɗi: Gorko Tsimshian to bannge worgo-fuɗnaange Pasifik, Vancouver (2011) * E Etherington, N., Griffiths, G., e Van Gent, J., Linjiila’en lesdi’en e ƴamɗe laamu nder Laamu Biritaniya 1750-1940 (2015) * E Tom Gara (eds.) Koloñaal e caggal mum, Daartol Aborigine en [[Ostarali]] worgo (Wakefield Press, 2017) == Tuugnorgal == gyq67zcpugkkxnljb81cwncpt55xxij 0 39426 180920 162190 2026-08-04T22:52:42Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180920 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Ɓiɗɗo debbo Seine:''' Nguurndam Madame Roland ko deftere daartol sukaaɓe nde Jeanette Eaton winndi, holliti. Nde siftinii daartol nguurndam Mari-Jeanne Roland de la Platière, neɗɗo baawɗo wonde fof e nder wolde Farayse. O jibinaa ko e niɓɓere, o wonti Girondist mawɗo, o waraa e nder gooto e purgeeji Robespierre. Nguurndam makko fuɗɗii yaltude ko e hitaande 1929, o heɓi teddungal Newbery e hitaande 1930.<ref name="printz">{{cite book|title=The Newbery/Printz Companion: Book Talk and Related Materials|url=https://archive.org/details/newberyprintzcom0000gill|edition=3rd|editor1-first=John T.|editor1-last=Gillespie|editor2-first=Corinne J.|editor2-last=Naden|publisher=Libraries Unlimited|year=2006|isbn=1-59158-313-6}}</ref><ref name="award">{{cite web|url=https://www.ala.org/sites/default/files/2025-09/newbery-medals-honors-1922-present.pdf|title=Association for Library Service to Children - Newbery Medal Winners & Honor Books, 1922 – Present|website=ALA.org|access-date=December 13, 2025}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> sfp193re0do35v8w69t2t8iw57i6eku 0 39447 181016 162244 2026-08-05T00:51:05Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181016 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''La Danse (e ɗemngal Engele: The Dance)''' ko nate nebam e dow mbaydi, ɗe naalanke Faraysenaajo biyeteeɗo William-Adolphe Bouguereau waɗi e hitaande 1856. Nate ɗee ina njooɗii hannde to suudu defte (Musée d'Orsay) to Pari.<ref name="wissman">{{cite book|last=Wissman|first=Fronia E.|title=Bouguereau|url=https://archive.org/details/bouguereau0000wiss|publisher=Pomegranate Artbooks|location=San Francisco|date=1996|page=[https://archive.org/details/bouguereau0000wiss/page/21 21]|isbn=978-0876545829}}</ref> Golle ɗee, ɗe Anatole Bartholoni yamiri e hitaande 1855 ngam faarnoraade suudu hoɗorde to otel mum Pari, ina kollita jimɗi e mbaadi mbaylaandi. Kanndaaji goɗɗi e nder set oo ina mbaɗee to Ammbasadeer Amerik to Par.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.musee-orsay.fr/en/collections/catalogue-des-oeuvres/notice.html?no_cache=1&nnumid=1065&cHash=0666d84fd2|title=La Danse|publisher=Musee d'Orsay|accessdate=17 August 2020}}</ref>iNde hollitaama to Salon hitaande 1857. Kaɓirgal ngal ko Kapiteen Peter Moore rokki ngal to Musées ngenndiiji ngam Musée d'Orsay e hitaande 1981. Ndeen ngal siifaama Musée du Louvre, ngal joofniri ko Musée d'Orsay e hitaande ndee tan..<ref>{{Cite book|last=Chenu.|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10582|title=Notice sur le Musee Conchyliologique de M. le Baron Benjamin Delessert.|date=1849|publisher=[s.n.]|location=Paris|doi=10.5962/bhl.title.10582}}</ref> Ƴeew kadi Galle Wiliyam-Adolfe Buguereau == Tuugnorgal == ax1wlwedgnsc8wcnmiswpsdhun16kal 0 39474 181099 162316 2026-08-05T02:15:52Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 5 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181099 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Millinery Shop''' ko pentol nebam e dow canvas ngol naalanke Faraysenaajo biyeteeɗo Edgar Degas sosi hakkunde 1879 e 1886.: 220 Ina hollira debbo gooto, ma a taw ko peewnoowo hattan walla soodoowo butik, jooɗiiɗo e dow taabal ina ƴeewtoo hattan e juuɗe mum e dow hatdi leɗɗe e dow addi. Koppiiji colourful e mojobere ina ƴetta ko ɓuri heewde e kaɓirgal ngal. E 100 x 110,7 cm, ko kañum woni golle ɓurɗe mawnude ɗe Degas tagi e dow haala miliyoŋaaji..<ref name=":05">{{cite book|author=Groom|first=Gloria|title=Impressionism, Fashion, and Modernity|url=https://archive.org/details/impressionismfas0000unse|publisher=[[Yale University Press]]|year=2013|isbn=978-0-300-18451-8|location=New Haven, CT|pages=[https://archive.org/details/impressionismfas0000unse/page/218 218]–231}}</ref>: 218 Natal ngal ina woni e nder defterdu Duɗal Naalankaagal to Chicago..<ref name=":24">{{Cite web|last=Schenkel|first=Ruth|date=October 2004|title=Edgar Degas (1834-1917): Painting and Drawing|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/dgsp/hd_dgsp.htm#:~:text=Degas%20experimented%20with%20an%20array,the%20contours%20of%20his%20figures.|website=The Metropolitan Museum of Art}}</ref> == Impressionnisme == Natal ngal ina waɗi karallaagal keewngal sifaa golle Degas e dille Impressionniste en. Degas ina heewi pentude geɗe mum e nokkuuji ɗi ngonaa aadaaji..<ref name=":22">{{Cite web|last=Schenkel|first=Ruth|date=October 2004|title=Edgar Degas (1834-1917): Painting and Drawing|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/dgsp/hd_dgsp.htm#:~:text=Degas%20experimented%20with%20an%20array,the%20contours%20of%20his%20figures.|website=The Metropolitan Museum of Art}}</ref> Debbo jooɗiiɗo e taabal oo ina pentiraa e ŋorol toowngol keeriiɗo, ngol ƴeewoowo oo woni dow mum. Degas ina heewi huutoraade karallaagal Impressionist hono taƴde ko yaawi e jokkondire asymmetrical kadi..<ref name=":23">{{Cite web|last=Schenkel|first=Ruth|date=October 2004|title=Edgar Degas (1834-1917): Painting and Drawing|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/dgsp/hd_dgsp.htm#:~:text=Degas%20experimented%20with%20an%20array,the%20contours%20of%20his%20figures.|website=The Metropolitan Museum of Art}}</ref> Koolondiral pentol ngol ina yuɓɓinaa haa koppi ɗii ƴetta nokku ɓurɗo heewde e ko woni e dow taabal hee, rokka golle ɗee sifaa ŋakkeende nokku. Degas, hono no Impressionniste en heewɓe nii, ina yiɗi nanngude natal nguurndam wuro hannde e nder sahaaji juutɗi e nder nguurndam ñalnde kala..<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|last=Schenkel|first=Ruth|date=October 2004|title=Edgar Degas (1834-1917): Painting and Drawing|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/dgsp/hd_dgsp.htm#:~:text=Degas%20experimented%20with%20an%20array,the%20contours%20of%20his%20figures.|website=The Metropolitan Museum of Art}}</ref> Suɓagol makko hollirde debbo golloowo walla soodoowo e nder yeeyirdu militeeruuji mbaylaandi ina hollita ɗum. Huutoraade nooneeji pastel cuuɗiiɗi, ko wayi no ɓaleeji jalbooji, boɗeeji, e daneeji ɓuuɓɗi, ina jeyaa kadi e sifaa pentooɓe Impressionniste en. == Anndinde debbo oo == Laaɓaani so tawii Degas ina yiɗi debbo mo o holliti e The Millinery Shop oo, wona soodoowo walla golloowo e nder booñ. Duɗal naalankaagal to Chicago hollitii wonde ko o anniya tan o anndaaka..<ref name=":04">{{cite book|author=Groom|first=Gloria|title=Impressionism, Fashion, and Modernity|url=https://archive.org/details/impressionismfas0000unse|publisher=[[Yale University Press]]|year=2013|isbn=978-0-300-18451-8|location=New Haven, CT|pages=[https://archive.org/details/impressionismfas0000unse/page/218 218]–231}}</ref> Kono daartiyankooɓe naalankaagal heewɓe ina ciftora mo wonde ko o golloowo. Daartoowo naalankaagal biyeteeɗo Gloria Groom hollitii wonde Degas ina wayi no pentii mo e gite 6urcfe teegtude e yeeso makko, hono no o gollortoo e hattan makko e juucfe makko e hakkille mawcfo e detal..<ref name=":02">{{cite book|author=Groom|first=Gloria|title=Impressionism, Fashion, and Modernity|url=https://archive.org/details/impressionismfas0000unse|publisher=[[Yale University Press]]|year=2013|isbn=978-0-300-18451-8|location=New Haven, CT|pages=[https://archive.org/details/impressionismfas0000unse/page/218 218]–231}}</ref>: 222 Ɗum hollirta ko gite makko 6urcfe teegtude e leppi makko 6uu6cfi ina cikka ina njogii pinndi..<ref name=":03">{{cite book|author=Groom|first=Gloria|title=Impressionism, Fashion, and Modernity|url=https://archive.org/details/impressionismfas0000unse|publisher=[[Yale University Press]]|year=2013|isbn=978-0-300-18451-8|location=New Haven, CT|pages=[https://archive.org/details/impressionismfas0000unse/page/218 218]–231}}</ref>: 222: McCullagh ɓuri tiiɗnaade ko o milliner..<ref name=":33">{{Cite book|last1=Brettell|first1=Richard|title=Degas in the Art Institute of Chicago|last2=Suzanne|first2=Folds McCullagh|publisher=The Art Institute of Chicago & Harry N. Abrams Inc.|year=1984|isbn=0-8109-0804-2|pages=130–134}}</ref>: 131 Ɓe mbiyi wonde darnde keeriinde e wuttudu nduu dow hoore debbo oo ina addana neɗɗo miijaade wonde o "...ina jokkondiri e batte golle makko, ɗe o fotnoo ɓoornaade.".<ref name=":32">{{Cite book|last1=Brettell|first1=Richard|title=Degas in the Art Institute of Chicago|last2=Suzanne|first2=Folds McCullagh|publisher=The Art Institute of Chicago & Harry N. Abrams Inc.|year=1984|isbn=0-8109-0804-2|pages=130–134}}</ref>1 Fotooje X-ray e sketchuuji gadani ina kollita wonde nate ɗee njahri ko e waylooji keewɗi hade mum en timminde. .<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last1=Brettell|first1=Richard|title=Degas in the Art Institute of Chicago|last2=Suzanne|first2=Folds McCullagh|publisher=The Art Institute of Chicago & Harry N. Abrams Inc.|year=1984|isbn=0-8109-0804-2|pages=130–134}}</ref>131–132 Ɗeeɗoo radiyooji ina kollita wonde Degas hollitii e fuɗɗoode debbo oo ina ɓoornii wutte daneejo e mbaydi mbaylaandi e dow juuɗe ina kollita wonde she–2:1] ma a taw e fuɗɗoode yahde ko soodoowo bourgeois wonaa golloowo e nder golle sosde golle ɗee, mbaydi makko wayliima. Janngugol pastel gadanol e nate Degas biyeteeɗe At the Milliner’s hollitii wonde debbo oo e fuɗɗoode ina joginoo wuttulo daneejo, ko ɗum ɓeydi hollirde wonde ko adii fof ko o soodoowo..<ref name=":0">{{cite book|author=Groom|first=Gloria|title=Impressionism, Fashion, and Modernity|url=https://archive.org/details/impressionismfas0000unse|publisher=[[Yale University Press]]|year=2013|isbn=978-0-300-18451-8|location=New Haven, CT|pages=[https://archive.org/details/impressionismfas0000unse/page/218 218]–231}}</ref>: 221 == Miliiji Pari == Millinery tappirde gila 1887 ina hollita koppi Farayse mojobere E wiyde daartooɓe naalankaagal Simon Kelly e Esther Bell, koppi ɗii e dow taabal ɗii « ina kollita mbaydiiji cakkitiiɗi no feewi e ndunngu e ndunngu e fuɗɗoode kitaale 1880 ».<ref name=":45">{{Cite book|last1=Simon|first1=Kelly|title=Degas, Impressionism, and the Paris Millinery Trade|last2=Bell|first2=Esther|publisher=Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco & DelMonico Books|isbn=978-3-7913-6747-7|publication-date=2017|pages=17–19, 31,104–107}}</ref>: 105 Ko ɓuri teeŋtude ko mbaydiiji keewɗi, mbaydiiji, e geɗe kuutorteeɗe ngam waɗde koppi ɗii. Koppi ɗii ina njogii ko ɓuri heewde e nokkuuji e nder nate ɗee, teeŋti noon e ŋoral ŋoral e ŋoral ŋoral nder boowal ngal. Ɗum ina hollita wonde Degas ina yiɗi anndude no mbaydiiji hannde ɗii mbaylirta naalankaagal e pinal Farayse. E nder nguurndam Degas, njulaagu millinery ina yaaji—Paris waɗiino kampaañ keso wuro mawngo e nder cakkital teeminannde 19ɓiire ko ɗum semmbini faggudu..<ref name=":44">{{Cite book|last1=Simon|first1=Kelly|title=Degas, Impressionism, and the Paris Millinery Trade|last2=Bell|first2=Esther|publisher=Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco & DelMonico Books|isbn=978-3-7913-6747-7|publication-date=2017|pages=17–19, 31,104–107}}</ref>: 17–19 Ɗum firti ko Parinaaɓe jogiiɓe ngalu keewngu ina njogii kaalis ngam naftoraade ko wayi no hashi items, commercial items. Degas nanndini hay suudu naalanke oo e duɗal miliner..<ref name=":43">{{Cite book|last1=Simon|first1=Kelly|title=Degas, Impressionism, and the Paris Millinery Trade|last2=Bell|first2=Esther|publisher=Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco & DelMonico Books|isbn=978-3-7913-6747-7|publication-date=2017|pages=17–19, 31,104–107}}</ref>: 31 Industry peewnugol hattan ina joginoo won e nanndi e golle naalanke oo, ko ɗum addani Degas waɗde The Millinery Shop. Kelly e Bell teskiima wonde milinery ko "geɗel gootel e nder ƴeewndo Degas e nguurndam Pari hannde, e mbaydiiji, e haa teeŋti e winndere njulaagu e njulaagu.".<ref name=":42">{{Cite book|last1=Simon|first1=Kelly|title=Degas, Impressionism, and the Paris Millinery Trade|last2=Bell|first2=Esther|publisher=Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco & DelMonico Books|isbn=978-3-7913-6747-7|publication-date=2017|pages=17–19, 31,104–107}}</ref>: 18 == Sippol == Degas soodi golle ɗee e yeeyoowo naalankaagal Faraysenaajo mawɗo biyeteeɗo Paul Durand-Ruel e hitaande 1913 e 50 000 faraŋ.:.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|last1=Simon|first1=Kelly|title=Degas, Impressionism, and the Paris Millinery Trade|last2=Bell|first2=Esther|publisher=Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco & DelMonico Books|isbn=978-3-7913-6747-7|publication-date=2017|pages=17–19, 31,104–107}}</ref> 107 Ko ɗum woni kaalis ɓurɗo heewde mo Degas heɓi e golle mum e dow haala miliyoŋ Yarkomaa 1932 ko ina tolnoo e 36 000 dolaar.<ref name=":12">{{cite web|date=2013|title=The Millinery Shop|url=https://www.artic.edu/artworks/14572/the-millinery-shop|accessdate=19 November 2024|work=The Art Institute of Chicago|publisher=}}</ref> Ndeen nde rokkaama duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Chicago e hitaande 1933.<ref name=":1">{{cite web|date=2013|title=The Millinery Shop|url=https://www.artic.edu/artworks/14572/the-millinery-shop|accessdate=19 November 2024|work=The Art Institute of Chicago|publisher=}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == ljz32cio6yvx0gohd4ai3ayspva6t22 0 39475 180998 162321 2026-08-05T00:26:55Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180998 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Leah Redmond Chang''' ko binndoowo, ganndo binndol. Golle makko ina njokki e daartol rewɓe ina jeyaa heen daartol nguurndam e binndi ɗi ngonaa fijirde. Ko o gonnooɗo porfeseer gardiiɗo binndol e pinal Farayse to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde George Washington. Deftere makko, Young Queens, anndaa ko e njeenaari deftere Los Angeles Times (Nguurndam), jeyaa ko e defte ɓurɗe moƴƴude e New Yorker e hitaande 2023, gooto e defte ɓurɗe moƴƴude e nguurndam BookRiot e hitaande 2023, anndaa ko e defte Waterstones ɓurɗe moƴƴude e hitaande ndee: Daartol2, e Longlist for4 Ko wonaa Fiction. Golle makko ganndal gadane, ina heen nate yumma laamɗo debbo e Into Print, njaltinaa e innde Leah L. Chang. O renndini ko waktuuji makko hakkunde Washington D.C e Londres, to leydi Angalteer. Binndanɗe Defte Sukaaɓe Laamɓe: Daartol ɓuuɓngol, jokkondirngol e laamɓe tato: Bloomsbury UK 2023 Sukaaɓe laamɓe - Rewɓe tato renndo e coggu doole: Farrar, Straus e Giroux Amerik 2023 Nate yumma laamɗo debbo: luural, ƴattooje, ɓataakeeji: Iter Press 2014 E nder binndi: Pewnugol binndol rewɓe e fuɗɗoode jamaanu Farayse hannde: Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Delaware Press 2009 Binndanɗe Joy ɓurɗi moƴƴude: Defte dow rewɓe ɓe limtaaka wsj.com 4 oktoobar 2023 Miɗo yiɗi janngooɓe ɓee njokkondir e ɓeeɗoo laamɓe rewɓe, ngam majjude e daartol Catherine, Elisabeth, e Mary bloomsbury.com 4 mee 2023<ref>{{Cite web|last=Brewer|first=Robert Lee|date=2023-08-13|title=Leah Redmond Chang: Breathing Life Into the History of Misunderstood and Forgotten Queens|url=https://www.writersdigest.com/write-better-nonfiction/leah-redmond-chang-breathing-life-into-the-history-of-misunderstood-and-forgotten-queens|access-date=2024-06-13|website=Writer's Digest|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Kalb|first=Deborah|date=2023-08-15|title=Book Q&As with Deborah Kalb: Q&A with Leah Redmond Chang|url=https://deborahkalbbooks.blogspot.com/2023/08/q-with-leah-redmond-chang.html|access-date=2024-06-13|website=Book Q&As with Deborah Kalb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-02-21|title=Raja Shehadeh, Yiyun Li and Maria Bamford among L.A. Times Book Prize finalists|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/books/story/2024-02-21/l-a-times-book-prize-finalists-2023|access-date=2024-06-13|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Yorker|first=The New|date=2023-01-25|title=The Best Books of 2023|url=https://www.newyorker.com/best-books-2023|access-date=2024-06-13|magazine=The New Yorker|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Connor|first=C. J.|date=2023-09-21|title=The Best New Biographies of 2023|url=https://bookriot.com/best-biographies-2023/|access-date=2024-06-13|website=BOOK RIOT|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=October 18, 2023|title=The Best Books of 2023: History|url=https://www.waterstones.com/blog/the-best-books-of-2023-history}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Women's Prize For Non Fiction|url=https://womensprize.com/prizes/womens-prize-for-non-fiction/|access-date=2024-06-13|website=Women's Prize|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Leah L. Chang|url=https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/author/C/L/au23515989.html|access-date=2024-06-13|website=University of Chicago Press|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Larsen|first1=Anne R|last2=Chang|first2=Leah L|date=2010|title=Review of Into Print: The Production of Female Authorship in Early Modern France, Leah L. Chang|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/652599|journal=Renaissance Quarterly|volume=63|issue=1|pages=280–282|doi=10.1086/652599|jstor=10.1086/652599|issn=0034-4338|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Chang|first=Leah Redmond|title=Young Queens: The gripping, intertwined story of three queens|url=https://archive.org/details/youngqueensgripp0000leah|publisher=[[Bloomsbury UK]]|year=2024|isbn=978-1526613431}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Chang|first=Leah L.|title=Young queens: three Renaissance women and the price of power|date=2023|publisher=Farrar, Straus and Giroux|isbn=978-0-374-29448-9|edition=|location=New York}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Portraits of the Queen Mother: polemics, panegyrics, letters|date=2014|publisher=Iter Inc|isbn=978-0-7727-2172-3|editor-last=Chang|editor-first=Leah Redmond|series=The other voice in early modern Europe: the Toronto series|location=Toronto|editor-last2=Kong|editor-first2=Katherine}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Chang|first=Leah L.|title=Into Print: The Production of Female Authorship in Early Modern France|year=2009|publisher=University of Delaware Press|isbn=978-1611491135}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Chang|first=Leah Redmond|date=October 4, 2023|title=Five Best: Books on Unsung Women|url=https://www.wsj.com/arts-culture/books/five-best-books-on-unsung-women-fadeac28|website=The Wall Street Journal}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Chang|first=Leah Redmond|date=May 4, 2023|title="I want readers to relate to these queens as women, to get lost in the story of Catherine, Elisabeth, and Mary"|url=https://www.bloomsbury.com/uk/discover/articles/interviews/i-want-readers-to-relate-to-these-queens-as-women-to-get-lost-in-the-story-of-catherine-elisabeth-and-mary/|website=Bloomsbury}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> 11ygm2t1jmre9x4393c79ayzburluxj 0 39554 180887 162706 2026-08-04T22:18:49Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180887 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Agnes Tschetschulin''' (24 feebariyee 1859 – 23 abriil 1942) ko jimol Finlande, jimoowo violon, jahroowo e duuɓi 18. Tsetschulin jibinaa ko to Helsinki, e galle Feodor e Hilda Ekstein Tsetschulin. Omo jogii miñiraaɓe rewɓe tato : Mariyam, Melani e Eugenie. Hilda jaɓɓiima salonuuji e jimɗi e yeewtere. Feodor ina joginoo sosiyatee laana ndiwoowa. Caggal nde o maayi e hitaande 1871, ɓiyiiko debbo mawɗo biyeteeɗo Maria Tschetschulin wonti debbo gadano e nder leydi Finlande, jannguɗo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Helsinki, ɗo o ɗaminii heɓde karallaagal ngal o foti wallitde ngam wallitde galle makko. Agnes Tschetschulin janngii jimɗi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Helsinki (hannde Akademi Sibelius) tuggi 1882 haa 1885, ɗo o jeyaa e nayi gadani heɓde dipolomaaji ɗii. O heɓi dokkal ummoraade e laamu Finlande ngam yahde Berlin ngam janngude to duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Königliche Hochschule für Musik (hannde Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde ñeeñal Berlin). Jannginooɓe makko ina njeyaa heen: Woldemar Bargiel (banndiraawo Clara Schumann) Heinrich von Herzogenberg, Ernst Joachim, Joseph Joachim, Gustav Nimann, Anton Sitt, Filip Spitta, Martin Wegelius, e Emanuel Wirt. Caggal nde o joofni jaŋde makko, Tschetschulin waɗi duuɓi keewɗi e njilluuji e nder fedde rewɓe fof, nde Marie Soldat yuɓɓini, fiyoowo violon gadano. Tschetschulin fiyi violon ɗiɗaɓo, Gabriel Roy fiyi violon, Lucy Campbell fiyi cello. Ko Agency Herman Wolff ardinoo fedde ndee, ardinoo kadi Filharmonik Berlin. Fedde nde ina wiyee ko nde fedde adannde e winndere ndee, tawi ko rewɓe tan ngoni heen, ko wayi no fedde string professionnel. E hitaande 1892, Tschetschulin fuɗɗii jannginde violon to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde rewɓe Cheltenham to Angalteer. E hitaande 1904, o wonti ɓiyleydi Angalteer, o ummii o fayi Londres ngam golloraade jimɗi e hoore makko. O arti Finlande e wolde adunaare adannde, caggal ɗuum o eggini Stockholm, o hoɗi ɗoon haa o maayi e hitaande 1942. O wirnaa to Stockholm e sehil makko ɓooyɗo, piyanist biyeteeɗo Tora Hwass (1861–1918). Ko N. Simrock e Skandinavisk Musikforlag njaltini jimɗi Tschetschulin ɗii.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Stern|first=Susan|title=Women composers : a handbook|url=https://archive.org/details/womencomposersha00ster|date=1978|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=0-8108-1138-3|location=Metuchen, N.J.|oclc=3844725}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Hixon|first=Donald L.|title=Women in music : an encyclopedic biobibliography|url=https://archive.org/details/womeninmusicency0000hixo|date=1993|publisher=Scarecrow Press|others=Don A. Hennessee|isbn=0-8108-2769-7|edition=2nd|location=Metuchen, N.J.|oclc=28889156}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Wier|first=Albert Ernest|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aiAKAQAAMAAJ&q=Agnes+Tschetschulin|title=The Macmillan Encyclopedia of Music and Musicians|date=1938|publisher=Macmillan|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-02-18|title=Tschetschulin, Agnes|url=https://eng.kvast.org/tschetschulin-agnes/|access-date=2021-05-21|website=KVAST|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2019-05-02|title=A celebration of historical Finnish women who wrote music, Part 2: Agnes Tschetschulin|url=https://fmq.fi/articles/part-2-agnes-tschetschulin|access-date=2021-05-21|website=FMQ|language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Tschetschulin|first=Agnes|title=geni.com|url=https://www.geni.com|access-date=20 May 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Ehrlich|first=A.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qSkuAAAAYAAJ&q=Agnes+Tschetschulin&pg=PA227|title=Berühmte Geiger der Vergangenheit und Gegenwart: eine Sammlung von 88 Biographien und Portraits|date=1893|publisher=A. H. Payne|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Alfthan|first=Märta von|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oLfxAAAAMAAJ&q=Agnes+Tschetschulin|title=Seitsemän vuosikymmentä: Naisasialiitto Unionin historiaa|date=1966|publisher=Unioni Naisasialiitto Suomessa|language=fi}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Category:Tschetschulin, Agnes – IMSLP: Free Sheet Music PDF Download|url=https://imslp.org/wiki/Category:Tschetschulin,_Agnes|access-date=2021-05-21|website=imslp.org}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewbe]] b4elqk9y13r5m1js4wrvwq58rl3yww0 0 39570 181154 162778 2026-08-05T03:05:48Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181154 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Anna Hegner''' (1 marse 1881 – 3 feebariyee 1963) ko jimoowo violon, jimoowo jimɗi e jannginoowo Suisse. O anndaa ko e fiyde violon, o waɗii konnguɗi to Basel, Berlin, Leipzig e Londres. O jannginii to Frankfurt, Basel e Münchenstein, o sosi fedde wiyeteende “Quartet à corde” to Freiburg-im-Brisgau. Almuɓɓe makko teskinaaɓe ina njeyaa heen Paul Hindemith. Anna-Hegner-Strasse to Basel innitiraa ko e teddungal makko. == Nguurndam == Anna Hegner jibinaa ko to Basel e nder galle jimoowo tedduɗo. Baaba makko ko Magnus Hegner, yumma makko ko Anna Viccelio. Hegner janngi violon e Adolphe Ludwig Stiehle e Hugo Heermann, hade mum yahde duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Hochsen to Frankfurt. Hegner wonti ganndiraaɗo no feewi e fiyde violon. O anndaa ko e jeewte makko to Basel, Berlin, Leipzig e Londres. Won ɗo o hoɗi, o golliima to Frankfurt, o woniino jannginoowo violon keeriiɗo Paul Hindemith. O jannginii duuɓi tati to Basel. E hitaande 1908 o ummii o fayi Münchenstein, o yuɓɓini toon jeewte kiiɗɗe e nder Egliis katolik (kañum ne omo waɗa jeewte solist) e yuɓɓinde jeewte dumunna e nder ŋoral tokosal caggal galle makko. Ko kanko woni debbo gadano gardiiɗo Orkestra Simfoni Basel. Caggal ɗuum o hoɗi to Freiburg-im-Brisgau, o sosi toon fedde wiyeteende 4 e hitaande 1911. Hegner waɗii jimɗi violon keewɗi e won e jimɗi. O sankii ko e opitaal e hitaande 1963 e batte aksidaa. Caggal nde o maayi, ɓooyaani ko Anna-Hegner-Strasse inniraa mo, ko juuti ko kanko tan woni debbo e nder diiwaan Basel teddinaaɗo e innde mbedda.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Anna Hegner – Personenlexikon BL|url=https://personenlexikon.bl.ch/Anna_Hegner|access-date=2025-04-25|website=personenlexikon.bl.ch}}</ref><ref name="Cohen">{{Cite book|last=Cohen|first=Aaron I.|title=International Encyclopedia of Women Composers|url=https://archive.org/details/internationalenc0002cohe|publisher=Books & Music (USA)|year=1987|isbn=0-9617485-0-8|edition=2nd|location=South Africa|pages=311}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Frankfurt Children's Trio: Paul Hindemith|url=https://www.hindemith.info/en/life-work/biography/1895-1914/work/frankfurt-childrens-trio/|access-date=2025-04-25|website=www.hindemith.info}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Category:Hegner, Anna - IMSLP|url=https://imslp.org/wiki/Category:Hegner,_Anna|access-date=2025-04-25|website=imslp.org}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> 13a7isx43ry6ntylqtdqejiyb2bpgwe 0 39731 181135 163485 2026-08-05T02:50:24Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181135 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Merry-Go-Round''' ko nate mawɗe ɗe Mark Gertler waɗi e lewru suwee 1916, tawi omo yahra e duuɓi 24. Ina gasa tawa ko golle makko ɓurɗe lollude, e hollirde worɓe e rewɓe (heewɓe e uniformeeji) e nder werlaa weltaare. Natal ngal (e natal goɗngal 1915, tiitoonde mum ko Swing Boats, jooni majjii) ina gasa tawa ko e yahdu e nder fedde hitaande kala to Hampstead Heath. Jooni noon, nate ɗee ina mbaɗee to Tate Angalteer. == Ɓawo == Gertler ummiima Hampstead to worgo Londres e darorɗe hitaande 1914. Ɓataake mo sehil Gertler biyeteeɗo D. H. Lawrence winndi e lewru suwee 1915 ina siftina soldateeɓe gaañiiɓe e uniformeeji ina mbeltii e weltaare ɓuuɓnde e nder fedde nde. Ɓataake goɗɗo mo Lawrence winndi e hitaande 1916 ina siftina nate ɗee wonde "natal ɓurngal moƴƴude e jamaanu mo njiy-mi: miɗo sikki ko mawngal e goonga". Golle ɗe ina njokki ina cifaa e ɓataake mo Gertler neldi Lytton Strachey e lewru mee 1916 : « Miɗo golloo no feewi e natal mawngal, ngal yeeyetaake no feewi, hono Merry-Go-Round ». == Fawnugo == Natal ngal ina waɗi 189,2 × 142,2 santimeeteer (74,5 × 56,0 in). Ina hollita limlebbi sappo e jeegom ina njaha e pucci ina taaroo karusel nokku njulaagu, ina njuɓɓinaa e pelle joy tati tawa ina ɓeydee heen gooto. Limlebbi ɗii ina nanndi e pucci, ina mbaɗta abstrakteede e nder bolokaaji colour jalbooji, ina udditoo hunduko no ina ngulla nii. Won heen ko comci konu, won heen ko comci siwil en. Golle ɗee ƴetti ko ƴoƴre e golle vorticist e futurist ɗe David Bomberg e Christopher Nevinson mbaɗi. == Jaɓɓugo == Natal ngal naatnaa e koolol fedde London to Galle Mansard e lewru abriil/mee 1917 ngam koolol 6ɓol fedde nde. Nde firtaama ko golle "moderne" e fawaade e anniya e oon sahaa, kono hannde nde yiytaa ko no Gertler waɗiri ɗum e – e salaade – wolde adunaare adannde, ma a taw ko ɗum addani Gertler waawde winnditeede e konu Angalteer. Gertler ko neɗɗo mo ɓernde mum jaɓaani. Yaajde e tiitoonde hare, nate ɗee ina mbaawi hollirde mbaydiiji tati timmuɗi e ballondiral e nder Miijo men, Jikku men e Yiɗde men – e nder neɗɗo. Seteeji yimɓe nay ɗii kadi ina kollita ballondiral hakkunde geɗe worɓe e geɗe rewɓe e nder men ; nde wonnoo laana ndiwoowa gooto ina hollitee ko goonga mo anndaaka, mo yiyaaka, mo ɓuri waawde heɓde hoore toownde. Yiylaade ballal jokkondirngal e weltaare rewrude e hare torra – ko huunde welnde haawniinde e Nguurndam aadee. Gertler ina golloo e mbaydi mbaylaandi (sculpture) Merry-Go-Round e hitaande 1916. Natal ngal heddii ko yeeyaaka e nder nguurndam Gertler. Caggal nde o wari hoore makko e hitaande 1939, Galleeji Leicester heɓi ɗum, rokki ɗum Fedde Naalankaagal Ben Uri e hitaande 1945. Galle Tate soodi ɗum ko e Fedde Naalankaagal Ben Uri e hitaande 1984. == Njawdi == Merry-Go-Round waɗii dingiral e nder jimɗi dingiral ɗi Joan Littlewood waɗi e hitaande 1963, Oh, ko wolde welnde!, e nder hitaande 1969, e nder filmo mo Richard Attenborough ardii. Rondel njamndi mboɗeeri (walla ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓri kuuraa) holliroowo detal ummoraade e Merry-Go-Round ina waɗee e nder paabi yeeso galle Gertler ɓooyɗo e suudu mum to 32 Elder Street, Spitalfields, Londres. Nde sosaa ko e hitaande 1995, nde jeyaa ko e limlebbi hono ɗiiɗoo ronndooji ɗi sehil Keith Bowler sosi ngam mawninde ndonu Spitalfields.<ref name="mullen">{{Cite web|title=Mark Gertler, Merry-Go-Round, a reinterpretation by Chris Mullen|url=https://www.fulltable.com/vts/g/gertler/gertler.htm|access-date=2025-09-01|website=www.fulltable.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Carrington|first=Noel|title=Mark Gertler: Selected Letters|url=https://archive.org/details/markgertler0000noel|publisher=Rupert Hart-Davis|year=1965|isbn=|location=London|pages=[https://archive.org/details/markgertler0000noel/page/111 111]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=History – The London Group|url=https://thelondongroup.com/history/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250719105611/https://thelondongroup.com/history/|archive-date=2025-07-19|access-date=2025-10-07|website=thelondongroup.com|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|first=James|last=Fox|author-link=James Fox (art historian)|title=British Art and the First World War, 1914–1924|location=Cambridge|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2015|isbn=9781107105874|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CSw0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PR3|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=CSw0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA191 191 n. 6]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=((The Gentle Author))<!--leave parenthesis; suppressing cs1 error-->|title=The Roundels of Spitalfields|website=Spitalfields Life|date=8 October 2010|url=http://spitalfieldslife.com/2010/10/08/the-roundels-of-spitalfields/|accessdate=13 October 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Spitalfields roundels: history embedded in the pavement|website=Look Up London|date=9 April 2018|url=https://lookup.london/spitalfields-roundels/|accessdate=13 October 2018}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewbe]] egowzq4iltct7yhaecqd3nffexocmh2 0 39791 180840 163667 2026-08-04T21:25:30Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180840 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Hostage oo''' ko Edmund Blair Leighton penti ɗum e hitaande 1912. Nde hollitaama to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde laamɗo e hitaande 1912. Hostage ko yeru e Leighton ko heewi e haala rewɓe yontaaji hakkundeeji. Ina hollira debbo tokooso ina fawii e dow ŋoral galle laamorɗo, ina ndaara ŋoral ina ndaara ŋoral sara maayo, ko kañum tan woni huunde yi’eteende e henndu maayo. Laaɓaani so tawii tiitoonde natal ngal ina hollita wonde neɗɗo oo ina woni e hoɗdiiɓe kala laamɗo ooɗoo galle laamorɗo e daande maayo, walla ngonka mum e nder ɓernde/hakkille. O woppitaa e nder ɓernde makko e ɓanndu makko e nokku ɗo o woni ɗoo, ɗo rewɓe tato woɗɓe e cukalel gooto ina mbaɗa golle ceertuɗe e nder renndo. Gooto e rewɓe ɓee ina suuɗii, ina hollita wonde ina resndaa, ina ƴeewa ko o janngata koo ngam ƴeewde debbo gooto oo. Tiitoonde natal ngal ina waawi jokkondirde e daartol Tristan e Iseult. Won rewɓe ɗiɗo ina wiyee Iseult e nder romance : Iseult la Blonde, laamɗo debbo Irlande ; e Iseult mo juuɗe daneeje Bretagne. Limre Leighton ndee ina gasa tawa ko Iseult mo juuɗe daneeje, debbo Tristan jahroowo e duuɓi 18, wiynoo mo wonde giɗo mum Iseult mo Blonde maayii, ɗum addani mo maayde e hoore makko. Ko ɓuri teeŋtude ko nate ɗee ina kollita Iseult the Blonde e nder galle baaba mum to Irlannda, ina ɗaminii Tristan nawde ɗum to Cornwall ngam resde kaaw mum, laamɗo Mark. Ina woodi sketch nebam-e-panel The Hostage mo fotnoo nanndude e nate cakkitiiɗe ɗee, seerndi ɗum tan ko e geɗe tokoose. == Iwdi mum == Hostage oo soodaa ko e Leighton e hoore mum, ko Mr R. Laidlaw e hitaande 1913, caggal ɗuum o joofni e Antwerpen e Guillaume Campo. Nokku cakkitiiɗo anndeede e nate ɗee ko e nder Galleeji Angalteer to Londres, hade mum soodde e Sotheby’s ñalnde 27 noowammbar 2003 e 173 600 £ ngam naatde e koolol keeriiɗo.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Exhibition of the Royal Academy. The 144th|url=https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/exhibition-catalogue/ra-sec-vol144-1912|access-date=2025-08-22|location=London|publisher=Royal Academy of Arts|year=1912}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.94564|title=Royal Academy Pictures and Sculpture 1912: Illustrating the Hundred and Forty-Fourth Exhibition of the Royal Academy|location=London|publisher=Royal Academy|via=Internet Archive|date=1912}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=(#33) Edmund Blair Leighton 1853–1922|url=https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2003/important-british-pictures-l03123/lot.33.html|access-date=2025-08-22|website=Sothebys.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Pre-Raphaelites|url=https://archive.org/details/preraphaelites0000robe|date=2014|publisher=Parkstone International|isbn=978-1-78310-327-0|editor-last=Sizeranne|editor-first=Robert de la|location=New York}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Wellesley|first=Mary|date=2022-10-20|title=Lice and Licentiousness|url=https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2022/10/20/lice-and-licentiousness-hair-in-the-middle-ages/|access-date=2025-08-22|work=The New York Review of Books|language=en|volume=69|issue=16|issn=0028-7504}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Headwear of the middle ages|first=Rosalie|last=Gilbert|url=https://rosaliegilbert.com/headwear.html|access-date=2025-08-22|website=Rosalie's Medieval Woman}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|first=Sidsel|last=Pedersen|date=2016-11-27|title=Female headgear in the middle ages|url=https://postej-stew.dk/2016/11/female-headgear-and-hairstyles-in-the-middle-ages/|access-date=2026-03-04|website=Postej & Stews|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Yockney|first=Alfred|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books/about/The_Art_of_E_Blair_Leighton.html?id=7-gwAQAAMAAJ&hl=en&redir_esc=y|title=The Art of E. Blair Leighton|date=1913|publisher=Virtue & Company|language=en|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Grand Opera Librettos: German and English Text and Music of the Leading Motives: Tristan und Isolde (Tristan and Isolda)|first=Richard|last=Wagner|location=Boston|publisher=Oliver Ditson|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/16250/16250-h/16250-h.htm|access-date=2025-08-22|via=Project Gutenberg}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Coghlan|first=Ronan|url=http://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000cogh_u1z0|title=The Illustrated Encyclopaedia of Arthurian Legends|date=1993|location=Shaftesbury, Dorset|publisher=Element|via=Internet Archive|url-access=registration|isbn=978-1-85230-428-7}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewbe]] o6qa9eyna9gytpozia7jt0zo6c900bj 0 39795 181043 163683 2026-08-05T01:19:13Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181043 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Wamre Nguurndam walla Womre Nguurndam''' ko nate 1899–1900 ɗe Edvard Munch waɗi, jooni ko e suudu defte ngenndi Norwees, to Oslo. Olaf Schou soodi natal ngal ko to Oslo e hitaande 1910, ɗoon e ɗoon o holliti ngal Galle ngenndiijo. == Daartol e sifaa == Natal ngal ko golle teeŋtuɗe e nder eɓɓaande Munch wiyeteende The Frieze of Life, fijirde e tiitooɗe giɗli, kulhuli jokkondiral, e maayde. E nder sosde natal ngal, ina wiyee wonde Munch ina joginoo heen miijo e pijirlooji Helge Rode biyeteeɗi Dansen gaar e hitaande 1898, ɗi Munch joginoo e defterdu mum keeriindi. Ndeeɗoo nate ina gasa tawa ina hollita jikkuuji Munch e rewɓe wonɓe e nguurndam mum. Omo jogii daartol giɗli haa joofni e ɓuuɓri ɓernde. Tiitoonde natal ngal ko jommbaajo gorko keewɗo ina yima e dow huɗo e sara ndiyam. Lewru ina yiyee, ƴoƴre mum e ndiyam ina waɗa maande falnde. Rewɓe ɗiɗo ina ndarii tan, gooto ko suka, ina ɓoornii wutte daneejo, gooto ina mawni, ina ɓoornii ɓaleejo. Daawe nguurndam ina kolliree suka debbo jom suudu daneejo, debbo mawɗo ɓoorniiɗo wutte boɗeejo, e debbo mawɗo jom suudu ɓaleejo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.edvardmunch.org/the-dance-of-life.jsp#prettyPhoto|title=The Dance of Life, 1899 by Edvard Munch}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Arnason|first=H. Harvard|title=History of modern art: painting, sculpture, architecture, photography|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofmoderna0000arna_k6h6|last2=Mansfield|first2=Elizabeth|date=2013|publisher=Pearson|isbn=978-0-205-25947-2|edition=Seventh|location=Boston}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nasjonalmuseet.no/en/collections_and_research/our_collections/edvard_munch_in_the_national_museum/The+Dance+of+Life,+1899%E2%80%931900.b7C_wljW5c.ips|title=The Dance of Life, 1899–1900|website=nasjonalmuseet.no|language=en|access-date=2018-11-19}}</ref><ref>[[iarchive:dansengaardrama00rodegoog|Archive details]]</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-06-30|title=Love story in paintings: Edvard Munch and Tulla Larsen|url=https://arthive.com/publications/4072~Love_story_in_paintings_Edvard_Munch_and_Tulla_Larsen|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240528102219/https://arthive.com/publications/4072~Love_story_in_paintings_Edvard_Munch_and_Tulla_Larsen|archive-date=2024-05-28|access-date=2026-01-29|work=Arthive|language=EN}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewbe]] gh85ym9trs406rxsruw6svnjhszmpib 0 39808 181041 163721 2026-08-05T01:18:03Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181041 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Seamstress ko''' nate nebam ɗe naalanke Faraysenaajo biyeteeɗo Édouard Vuillard waɗi e hitaande 1893, tawaaɗe e nder galle pinal biyeteeɗo Indianapolis, woni to wuro wiyeteengo Indianapolis, to leydi Indiana. Ko natal tokosal, teskinngal, debbo sewnde.<ref name="lee2">{{cite book|last1=Lee|first1=Ellen Wardwell|last2=Robinson|first2=Anne|title=Indianapolis Museum of Art: Highlights of the Collection|publisher=[[Indianapolis Museum of Art]]|location=[[Indianapolis]]|year=2005|isbn=0936260777}}</ref> == Sifaa == Sewnde ina hollira debbo ina jogii ɓalewol e ƴeewoowo, ina sewna yeeso windo. Feere tati-dimensiyonal ina tagaa e juɓɓule wallpaper mbaylaandi laaɓtundi e murliɗi daneeji laaɓtuɗi. Natal ngal wayi ko no ngal joofaani nii, sibu Vuillard acci alluwal les ngal ina feeñi e nder taabal, e mbaydi sewnde, e nder mahol ngol. Laral wallpaper ɓurngal heewde tataɓal nano ngal e nder kompoññe ngal ina jokkondiri e heddiiɓe e suudu nduu, ina addana ƴeewoowo oo suɓaade no ɓe njiyrata toɓɓere ndee.<ref name="cogeval2">{{cite book|last=Cogeval|first=Guy|title=Edouard Vuillard|publisher=[[Yale University Press]]|location=[[New Haven]]|year=2003|isbn=0894682970|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yvaS6zbG_bQC&q=seamstress+with+scraps+Vuillard&pg=PA138}}</ref>Jokkondiral ɗeen beige, brown, e boɗeeje e pinndi ɓuuɓndi, ɓuuɓndi e windo (maande Vuillard) ina hebbina oon nokku mo laaɓaani e tiiɗnaare. Ko 6uu6ol 6uu6ol e wallpaper ina sosa nate colour e mbaadi no yi’etee nanngude no haala kaa.<ref name="lee">{{cite book|last1=Lee|first1=Ellen Wardwell|last2=Robinson|first2=Anne|title=Indianapolis Museum of Art: Highlights of the Collection|publisher=[[Indianapolis Museum of Art]]|location=[[Indianapolis]]|year=2005|isbn=0936260777}}</ref> == Kabaaru daartol == Vuillard ɓuri lollude ko e dille nder galleeji hono ɗeeɗoo, ɗe peeñninta defte nguurndam subjects mum en e detal claustrophobic. Ko ɓuri heewde e ko o yaltini e kitaale 1890 ko tokoose, galleeji, e rewɓe sabu batte teeŋtuɗe yumma naalanke oo, peewnoowo korset e nguurndam makko.<ref name="npr">{{cite web|last=Stamberg|first=Susan|title=Edouard Vuillard: Behind Closed Doors|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=924278|publisher=[[NPR]]|accessdate=11 January 2013|date=20 Jan 2003}}</ref> Ustaare ɓanndu, hay so wonaa e ɓernde, e ɗeen golle gadane, mettini heen Vuillard, o huutorii jokkondiral makko ngam huutoraade heddiiɓe e nguurndam makko juutɗam, o waɗti hakkille e panneeji mawɗi pawɗi. Ngam ɗiin, o woppi mbaadi makko ceertundi, o yahri ko e nate ɓurɗe waawde huutoreede e geɗe e weeyo.<ref>{{cite web|last=Kramer|first=Hilton|title=In Which Bonnard and Vuillard Create Unfamiliar Masterpieces|url=http://thisrecording.com/today/2011/1/14/in-which-bonnard-and-vuillard-create-unfamiliar-masterpieces.html|publisher=This Recording|accessdate=11 January 2013|date=14 Jan 2011}}</ref>Nii woni, nanondiral naalankaagal hannde ngal ko wonde golle makko ina njokki e duuɓi sappo gadani ɗii, hay so tawii o golliima ko ina ɓura duuɓi capanɗe tati. Ko o suka janngoowo yarlitiiɗo, o walliino sosde les Nabis, fedde naalankooɓe yahruɓe yeeso nde Gauguin e Symbolist en njiimi. Ɓe ɓuri teeŋtinde golle abstrakte e dekoraasiyoŋ mbaadi e kala. Nde o ɓeydii heewde aadaaji, Vuillard woppi ɗiin jikkuuji njiylotooɗi.<ref name="day">{{cite book|last=Day|first=Holliday T.|title=Indianapolis Museum of Art Collections Handbook|url=https://archive.org/details/indianapolismuse00unse|year=1988|publisher=[[Indianapolis Museum of Art]]|location=[[Indianapolis]]|isbn=0936260203}}</ref> == Daartol nokku == Sewnde ndee ina yiyee e nokkuuji keewɗi, ina jeyaa heen Le Barc de Boutteville mo Pari e hitaande 1893 ; galleeji McLellan to Glasgow e hitaande 1920 ; galle Lefevre to Londres e hitaande 1945 ; koolol yah-ngartaa e nder galleeji Vuillard, yettiima Houston, Wasinton, e Brooklyn e kitaale 1989-1990 ; e ƴeewndo kuuɓtodinngo ngo Galle ngenndiijo naalankaagal to D.C., Galle naalankaagal Montreal, Galle naalankaagal ngenndiwal to Pari, e Akademi Naalankaagal Laamɗo to Londres e hitaande 2003-2004 yuɓɓini.<ref name="cogeval">{{cite book|last=Cogeval|first=Guy|title=Edouard Vuillard|publisher=[[Yale University Press]]|location=[[New Haven]]|year=2003|isbn=0894682970|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yvaS6zbG_bQC&q=seamstress+with+scraps+Vuillard&pg=PA138}}</ref> == Keɓgol == IMA heɓiino « The Seamstress » e hitaande 1969, ko dokkal Bilaan Stillson ngam siftorde Karolin Marmon Fesler. Ina waɗi limoore keɓgol 69,68. Jooni noon, ina hollira e nder galle Sidney e Kathy <ref name="ima">{{cite web|title=The Seamstress|url=http://www.imamuseum.org/art/collections/artwork/seamstress-vuillard-edouard|publisher=[[Indianapolis Museum of Art]]|accessdate=11 January 2013}}</ref>. == Tuugnorgal == 7izys5h6sx4ew72syegorho0yfg12jy 0 39954 181174 164164 2026-08-05T03:30:39Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181174 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Adrianus Jacobus Zuyderland''' ko Vincent Van Gogh ɓurɗo yiɗde e sahaa mum La Haye. O feeñii e nate keewɗe, ɗe nganndu-ɗaa ko no feewi e hoore makko ɓuuɓnde e gite makko daneeje maantiniiɗe, kadi ko kanko woni mbaydi natal ngal woni tuugnorgal natal van Gogh caggal ɗuum ngal At Eternity's Gate.<ref>{{cite book|last=Hulsker|first=Jan|title=The Complete Van Gogh: Paintings, Drawings, Sketches|url=https://archive.org/details/completevangoghp0000huls|year=1986|publisher=[[Random House]]|isbn=0-517-44867-X|page=[https://archive.org/details/completevangoghp0000huls/page/58 58]}}</ref><ref name="Naifeh & White Smith">{{cite book|title=Van Gogh: The Life|year=2011|publisher=[[Random House]]|first1=Steven|last1=Naifeh|first2=Gregory|last2=White Smith|isbn=978-0-375-50748-9|url=http://www.randomhouse.com/book/119583/van-gogh-by-steven-naifeh-and-gregory-white-smith|page=318}}</ref> == Ɓawo == Mawɗo gooto ina ɓoornii wutte juutɗo, ina waɗi umbrella ina yiyee e caggal. Gaasa makko daneewa ina yettoo e kolce makko, omo ɓoornii wutte. Gorko yatiima mo wutte juutɗo e umbrella, Yiyaaɗo gila caggal, sketch e ɓataake 268 (R14), suwee 1882, koolol keeriiɗo, leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik (JH214).[Golle 1][Ɓataakeeji 1] A. J. Zuyderland jibinaa ko to La Haye ca. 1810 e haɓde e kampaañ balɗe sappo e hitaande 1831 feewde e seernaaɓe Belsik e konu Farayse wallitoowo ɗum en, ɗo o heɓi njeenaari nl:Metalen Kruis 1830-1831, ndi o heewi ɓoornaade e nate makko. O winnditii e galle sadak e hitaande 1876.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vggallery.com/drawings/p_0954.htm|title=Vincent van Gogh: The Drawings (Orphan Man with Top Hat)}}</ref> Ko van Gogh adii haalde mo e ɓataake feewde e Anthon van Rappard, ñalnde 19 suwee 1882 : "... Miɗo waɗa kadi pentugol e pentugol ndiyam, e ko jiidaa e ɗuum miɗo ƴetta nate keewɗe e model oo kam e nate [ɗum woni 'nate'] e dow mbedda pose.[Harfeere 2] "Galle mawɓe" ko Hervormd Oude-mannen-en-vrouwenhuis to Om en Bij, La Haye,[6] e Zuyderland ko caggal ɗuum W. J. A. Visser anndini ɗum e nder binndanɗe mum en gila e tab anndinde 399 e junngo mum ñaamo, ko ɗum kadi waawi waɗeede e Orp e nder junngo makko ñaamo sketch alkulal (naamo).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vggallery.com/drawings/p_0954.htm|title=Vincent van Gogh: The Drawings (Orphan Man with Top Hat)}}</ref>[Alkule 1] == Tuugnorgal == 74qwbez6kzc8uqgm13c8xau1wc8s1rr 0 40016 180976 164348 2026-08-04T23:55:08Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180976 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Carol Brooks MacNeil''' (15 lewru Yarkomaa 1871 – 22 lewru Suwee 1944) ko Ameriknaajo, jibinaaɗo to Chicago ɗo o janngi to Duɗal Naalankaagal to Chicago e les njiimaandi Lorado Taft. MacNeil waɗii nate keewɗe teskinɗe e keertiiɗe ngam waɗde vaseeji, teewu, tinndi, e geɗe goɗɗe pawɗe e nafooje, kam e bustaaji sukaaɓe, haa arti noon e bustaaji ɓiɓɓe makko ɗiɗo worɓe, e statuettes. == Ngendam == Ɓiɗɗo debbo baaba pentoowo,MacNeil suɓii ko e nokku mum golloraade e seppooji. MacNeil janngii to Pari e gardagol Frederik Wiliyam Makmoni e Jean Antoin Injalbert. O jeyaa ko e "rabbituuji daneeji" gollodiiɓe e Lorado Taft e nder yeewtere winndereere Kolommbi e hitaande 1893, kanko e naalankooɓe rewɓe woɗɓe ina jeyaa heen Helen F. Mears. E hitaande 1895, o resi Hermon Atkins MacNeil, ganndo ko faati e mbaydiiji Ameriknaaɓe e monumndaaji jaambaaro. Ɓe ndañi ɓiɓɓe ɗiɗo worɓe, hono Klode A. MakNeil e Alden B. MakNeil. MacNeil ina laaɓi gollodiima e gorko mum ko famɗi fof eɓɓoore wootere, ko wayi no seppo William McKinley e nder galle laamorɗo Ohio to Columbus, Ohio, mo ɓe mbaɗi e lewru suwee 1907. MacNeil ƴettii kuugal e nehde sukaaɓe mum ɗiɗo ko ɗum addani mo ustude waktuuji feewde e golle makko naalankaagal addani mo waɗde golle naalankaagal seeɗa caggal jibineede maɓɓe. MacNeil heɓi siftorde teddunde e Exposition internationale 1900, e medal kaalis e hitaande wootere e Exposition Universelle. E hitaande 1904, o rokkaa njeenaari njamndi mboɗeeri ngam ɓuuɓri e nder yeewtere coodgu Louisiana, yuɓɓinaande to St. O jeyaa ko e Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe ngam Seppooji. MacNeil, ko ɓooyi hoɗde e nokku biyeteeɗo College Point to Queens, to New York, maayi ko e opitaal Jamayka to wuro ngo.<ref name="auto789">{{cite news|title=MRS. HERMON A. M'NEIL: Sculptor's Wife Also Painter and Sculptor in Own Right|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/106822620/|access-date=25 October 2013|newspaper=New York Times|date=1944-06-23|page=19}}</ref><ref name="The World's Work">{{cite book|last=Page|first=Walter Hines|title=The World's Work, vol. XIV|year=1907|publisher=Doubleday, Page & Company|location=New York|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sojNAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA9403|pages=9403–9419}}</ref><ref name="Rubenstein 1990 115–116">{{cite book|last=Rubenstein|first=Charlotte Streifer|title=American Women Sculptors|year=1990|publisher=G. K. Hall & Co.|location=Boston|isbn=0-8161-8732-0|pages=[https://archive.org/details/americanwomenscu0000rubi/page/115 115–116]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/americanwomenscu0000rubi/page/115}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=THE MCKINLEY MEMORIAL|journal=Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine|date=February 1908|volume=LI|issue=2}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bronze-gallery.com/sculptors/artist.cfm?sculptorID=88|title=Carol B. MacNeil - American Sculptor}}</ref><ref name="Dictionary of Sculptors in Bronze">{{cite book|last=Mackay|first=James|title=The Dictionary of Sculptors in Bronze|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofwest0000mack|year=1977|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club Ltd.|location=Suffolk|isbn=1-85149-110-4|page=[https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofwest0000mack/page/245 245]}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> oub45fwbij0kshjs1oc1lhmydine82r 0 40036 180811 164426 2026-08-04T20:53:21Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180811 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Porogaraam naalankaagal rewɓe (FAP)''' ko porogaraam naalankaagal to bannge kolees wonande rewɓe, mo naalanke biyeteeɗo Judy Chicago ƴetti e hitaande 1970, naalankooɓe Rita Yokoi, Miriam Schapiro e woɗɓe njokki ɗum. FAP fuɗɗorii ko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Fresno State College, ko feere ngam haɓaade ŋakkeende potal rewɓe e worɓe e nder jaŋde naalankaagal, e nder winndere naalankaagal e nder kuuɓal. E hitaande 1971, Judy Chicago e Miriam Schapiro ngaddi FAP to Duɗal Naalankaagal Kaliforni kesal sosaangal, ɓe ngoppi Rita Yokoi ngam ardude e FAP Fresno haa nde o woppi golle e hitaande 1992. FAP to Duɗal Naalankaagal Kaliforni ina golloo haa hitaande 1976 ko fayti e wonde debbo tuugiiɗo e jonɗe ƴellitgol hakkillaaji fedde. Heewi wonde ko porogaraam oo seerti e heddiiɓe e duɗal naalankaagal ngal ngam newnude rewɓe ɓee ƴellitaade e nder nokkuuji nannduɗi e werlaa (greenhouse) e woɗɗitaade ñiŋooje laaɓtuɗe. So tawii miijo seernaaɓe ina ñiŋaa wonde ina semmbina jinnaaɓe, FAP waɗii heen miijo duumotooɗo e naalankaagal rewɓe ngal ina waawi yiyeede e retrospectives, e kollirɗe pelle, e golle mbayliigu eɓɓaaɗe asliije. == Porogaraam naalankaagal rewɓe Fresno == Porogaraam naalankaagal rewɓe asliwal ko naalanke biyeteeɗo Judy Chicago ƴetti ɗum. Porogaraam gadano hono oo fuɗɗii ko e lewru ut 1970 to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Fresno, hannde ko duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kaliforni, Fresno. E ndunngu 1971, Nde wonti porogaraam timmuɗo 15 unit. Ko ɗum woni porogaraam naalankaagal rewɓe gadano e nder leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik. Almuɓɓe sappo e joy njanngii e les Chicago to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Fresno State College : Dori Atlantis, Susan Boud, Gail Escola, Vanalyne Green, Suzanne Lacy, Cay Lang, Karen LeCocq, Jan Lester, Kris Rush, Judy Schaefer, Henrietta Sparkman, Feith Wilding, Shawnee Wollenman e Nancy Chedelman, Nancy Chedelman. Naalanke biyeteeɗo Vicki Hall golliima e ballal jannginoowo Judy Chicago. E nder heen, e nder Porogaraam Naalankaagal Feminist, ɓeeɗoo rewɓe njooɗiima e moƴƴinde suudu (studio) to caggal duɗal to 1275 Maple Avenue to wuro Fresno. Ɗoo ɓe ngollodii e naalankaagal e waɗde pelle janngirɗe, e pelle yeewtere ko fayti e geɗe nguurndam maɓɓe ɗe ndeen mbaɗti battinde e naalankaagal maɓɓe. Porogaraam naalankaagal rewɓe Fresno wonnoo ko yeru e golle naalankaagal rewɓe goɗɗe, ko wayi no Womanhouse, koolol naalankaagal rewɓe gollondiral e eɓɓoore adannde peewnaande caggal nde Porogaraam naalankaagal rewɓe yahri to Duɗal Naalankaagal Kaliforni e lewru ut 1971. Sheila de Bretteville e Arlene Raven kadi njannginii e ndeen porogaraam. Womanhouse, hono eɓɓaande Fresno ndee, ƴellitii kadi haa wonti nokku ɗo rewɓe ngoni ɗoo, ƴelliti miijo naalankaagal rewɓe gollondiral. Caggal nde Chicago ummii CalArts, jaŋde ndee to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Fresno, Rita Yokoi jokki ɗum gila 1971 haa 1973, caggal ɗuum Joyce Aiken jokki ɗum e hitaande 1973, haa o woppi golle makko e hitaande 1992.[a] == Porogaraam naalankaagal rewɓe (FAP) to CalArts == Caggal ɗuum, Chicago e Miriam Schapiro ndartini kadi Fedde Naalankaagal Rewɓe (FAP) to Duɗal Naalankaagal Kaliforni. Porogaraam naalankaagal rewɓe (FAP) ko Judy Chicago e Miriam Schapiro sosi ɗum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde naalankaagal to Kaliforni to Valencia, Kaliforni, e hitaande 1971. E dow "karallaagal jaŋde radikal" ngal o fuɗɗii ƴeewndaade e nder ekkolaaji makko ngam rewɓe e hitaande 1970–1971, nde o gollinoo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Fres ina heɓee e rewɓe tan. Chicago haa teeŋti noon miijii wonde o foti ko "waɗde" jaŋde makko e wonde daartoowo naalankaagal, nde tawnoo worɓe tan njanngini mo, o miijii wonde ngalɗoo daawal ina addana mo yiyde worɓe no naalanke nii, kadi ina haɗi mo ƴellitde "mbaydi makko, ɗemngal naalankaagal, e fannu makko". == Kuutorgal Studio Feministe == Ko Judy Chicago, Arlene Raven, e Sheila Levrant de Bretteville cosi ɗum to Los Angeles e hitaande 1973, ko ɗum woni porogaraam naalankaagal rewɓe duuɓi ɗiɗi. Rewɓe ummoriiɓe e porogaraam oo mbaɗii heen geɗe keewɗe ngam yiytude e sosde Galle Rewɓe, nokku keeriiɗo gadano ngam hollirde naalankaagal e pinal rewɓe. Nde tawnoo ɓe ngoppii weeyo ngo worɓe ɓuri heewde e CalArts e yiɗde nokku maɓɓe, jannginooɓe ɓee mbaɗti jannginde ekkolaaji maɓɓe e dow mbaydi ndi wonaa njuɓɓudi laamu, ɓe mbaɗti heen hakkillaaji maɓɓe e jannginde almudɓe e fannuuji naalankaagal ɗi ngalaa aadaaji ko wayi no naalankaagal performance e graphic design. Chicago yalti e suudu gollordu rewɓe e hitaande 1974 ngam golloraade The Dinner Party, e nder duuɓi sappo ɗii, Raven e de Bretteville njalti kadi, eɓɓoore ndee ƴetti ko almudɓe ɓennuɓe. Kono binnditagol e nder Feminist Studio Workshop ustiima nde ngonka politik wayli, kaalis laamu ustii. Porogaraam oo udditaa ko e hitaande 1981, hay so tawii noon Suudu Debbo nduu e hoore mum ina udditaa haa hitaande 1991.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Entering the Picture: Judy Chicago, The Feminist Art Program and the Collective Visions of Women Artists|last=Fields|first=Jill|publisher=Routledge|year=2012|isbn=978-0415887694|location=New York, NY|pages=37–41}}</ref><ref name="Fresno1">{{cite web|author1=Dr. Laura Meyer|author2=Nancy Youdelman|title=A Studio of Their Own: The Legacy of the Fresno Feminist Art Experiment|work=A Studio of their Own|url=http://www.astudiooftheirown.org/legacy.html|access-date=8 January 2011}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite journal|last=Harper|first=Paula|year=1985|title=The First Feminist Art Program: A View from the 1980s|journal=[[Signs (journal)|Signs]]|volume=10|issue=4|pages=762–81|doi=10.1086/494182|jstor=3174313|s2cid=145242132}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Meyer|first=Laura|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1bw1k6k|title=Sons And Daughters Of Los: Culture And Community In L.A.|date=2003|publisher=Temple University Press|isbn=978-1-59213-012-2|editor-last=James|editor-first=David E.|pages=39–62|chapter=The Los Angeles Woman’s Building and the Feminist Art Community, 1973–1991|jstor=j.ctt1bw1k6k}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Sorkin|first=Jenni|author-link=Jenni Sorkin|title=Doin' It in Public: Feminism and Art at the Woman's Building|url=https://archive.org/details/doinitinpublicfe0000unse|publisher=Otis College of Art and Design|year=2011|isbn=978-0930209223|pages=[https://archive.org/details/doinitinpublicfe0000unse/page/36 36]–65|chapter=Learning From Los Angeles: Pedagogical Predecessors at the Woman's Building}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> 8s349lvtu7xtg6whratfvk404ubwi3t 0 40242 180833 165087 2026-08-04T21:19:14Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180833 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Ɓoornugol prairie''' walla jokkere prairie ko mbaydi jokkere enɗam Ameriknaajo, ko huunde nde rewɓe e sukaaɓe rewɓe mbaɗata. Ɓoornugol prairie ina waawi wonde juutngol haa ɓuuɓngol seeɗa haa heewi no feewi, ina waawi kadi jogaade flounces gooto walla ko ɓuri ɗum (ruffles luggiɗɗi) walla tiers ; ɓoornanteeri prairie ina waawi ɓoorneede e dow gite ruffled walla petticoat ɓuuɓɗo. E aadaaji, ɓoornanteeri prairie ina jogii juuɗe juutɗe. E nder jokkondire e inspiration design maɓɓe, skirts prairie aadaaji ina keewi waɗeede e "leydi" mbaydiiji ko wayi no denim e kaliko puɗi, hay so tawii noon ina mbaawi wonde e kala ko ina tiiɗi kadi. Sikiiji prairie ko ɓoornanteeri rewɓe hirnaange, e sikiiji prairie keewɗi no feewi ina ɓoornee ngam danndude kareeli. Rewɓe yahooɓe e ekkolaaji kerecee en ina keewi ɓoornaade comci daneeji (hono no renndooji Bruderhof nii) walla jaŋde senaare yaajnde (hono no Allegheny Wesleyan Methodist Connection nii). Ɗe njiytetee ko e moodel, haa teeŋti noon e sahaa nguleeki. Koorɗi Prairie keɓi innde mum en e yimɓe yahooɓe to bannge hirnaange leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik, hay so tawii noon ko ɗi "rewɓe e kala fannu e nder leydi ndii fof ɓoornotonoo ɗi." == Iwdi mum ko e teeminannde 19ɓiire == Sikiiji prairie ko noon wiyetee caggal nanndugol mum en e sikiiji sewnaaɗi e nder galleeji ɗi rewɓe pioneer en ɓoornotonoo e cakkital teeminannde 19ɓiire, ɗiin kadi ko mbaydiiji hoybinaaɗi e sikiiji ɓuuɓɗi, ruffled sifaaji ɓoornanteeri toowndi e kitaale 1820. Sifaa oo fuɗɗorii ko waylude mbaadiiji toowɗi e kuutoragol nguurndam ladde e nder hirnaange leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik. Nokkuuji luggiɗɗi e binndi kuutortenoo ko nde tawnoo ɗi kollitaani diƴƴe, dekoraasiyoŋ kuutortenoo ko ngam hesɗitinde comci e waylude mbaydiiji. == Ummital e kitaale 1960 e 1970 == Counterculture Hippies jaɓooɓe moodel mawɗo ƴeewde e nokkuuji daartol e ɗi ngonaa hirnaange. So tawii comci prairie e teeminannde 19ɓiire ina keewi waɗeede e galleeji, sosiyeteeji kesi ko wayi no Gunne Sax to San Francisco puɗɗii feewnude comci prairie potɗi ɓoorneede. Sifaa oo ɓeydii lollude e kitaale 1970 e ɓadtaade Bicentennial Amerik, o naatnaa e moodel toowɗo ko Ralph Lauren e nder lewru 1978, koolol makko ngol tiitoonde Hirnaange. Njuuteeki hakkunde calɗi, butoŋ yeeso denim prairie e ɓuuɓri gootol, ɓoorneteeɗi e petticoat style kitaale 1950 ɓurɗo juutde seeɗa e ɓuuɓri, wonti moodel mawɗo e kitaale 1970 e puɗal kitaale 1980 caggal nde Lauren naati.<ref name="LynchStrauss2014">{{cite book|last1=Lynch|first1=Annette|last2=Strauss|first2=Mitchell D.|title=Ethnic Dress in the United States: A Cultural Encyclopedia|date=30 October 2014|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-0-7591-2150-8|page=303|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Mackall|first1=Dandi Daley|title=The Secrets of Tree Taylor|url=https://archive.org/details/secretsoftreetay0000mack_j3e2|date=May 2015|publisher=[[Random House]]|isbn=978-0-375-87294-5|page=[https://archive.org/details/secretsoftreetay0000mack_j3e2/page/269 269]|language=English}}</ref><ref name="Margolis2019">{{cite book|last1=Margolis|first1=Maxine L.|title=Women in Fundamentalism: Modesty, Marriage, and Motherhood|date=10 October 2019|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-1-5381-3403-0|language=English}}</ref><ref name="Orden2018">{{cite book|last1=Orden|first1=R. Van|title=Seventh-Day Adventists, Ellen G. White, and Salvation|date=11 June 2018|publisher=Christian Faith Publishing|isbn=978-1-64114-179-6|language=English}}</ref><ref name="Torgerson2020">{{cite web|last1=Torgerson|first1=Rachel|url=https://www.cosmopolitan.com/style-beauty/fashion/a30304799/prairie-dress-trend/|title=Prairie Dresses Are the Perfect Winter Trend for People Who Hate Tights|publisher=[[Cosmopolitan Magazine]]|access-date=30 July 2021|language=English|date=1 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200102050437/https://www.cosmopolitan.com/style-beauty/fashion/a30304799/prairie-dress-trend/|archive-date=2 January 2020|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=F|first1=José Blanco|last2=Hunt-Hurst|first2=Patricia Kay|last3=Lee|first3=Heather Vaughan|last4=Doering|first4=Mary|title=Clothing and Fashion: American Fashion from Head to Toe [4 volumes]: American Fashion from Head to Toe|date=23 November 2015|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-61069-310-3|page=189|language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Tortora|first1=Phyllis G.|title=The Fairchild Books dictionary of fashion|last2=Keiser|first2=Sandra J.|year=2013|isbn=978-1-60901-489-6|edition=4th|location=New York, NY, USA|pages=373|oclc=862092495}}</ref><ref name="California State Parks">{{cite web|title=Sutter's Fort Clothing - 1840s|url=http://www.parks.ca.gov/pages/485/files/1840s%20clothing.pdf|publisher=California State Parks|access-date=28 February 2015}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewbe]] 1pfgdajslyfsspzsv0et1oqwtce4uin 0 40244 180815 170040 2026-08-04T20:59:19Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180815 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ayaan Hirsi Ali''' {{Efn|English: {{IPAc-en|ɑː|ˈ|j|ɑː|n|_|ˈ|h|ɪər|s|i|_|ˈ|ɑː|l|i}} {{respell|ah|YAHN|_|HEER|see|_|AH|lee}}, {{IPA|nl|aːˈjaːn ˈɦiːrsi ˈaːli|lang|Nl-Ayaan Hirsi Ali.ogg|small=no}}; {{langx|so|Ayaan Xirsi Cali}} {{IPA|so|ajaːn ħirsi ʕaliː|}}; {{langx|ar|أيان حرسي علي}}, {{ALA-LC|ar|Ayān Ḥirsī ʻAlī}}.}} ( Somali ; jibinaa ko '''Ayaan Hirsi Magan''', 13 noowammbar 1969) ko binndoowo, daraniiɗo haɓaade rafiiji, miijotooɗo koolaaɗo, gonnooɗo politikyanke, jibinaaɗo to Somali, Holanndeejo e Ameriknaajo. Ko o ƴattoowo lislaam, omo daranii hakkeeji e ndimaagu rewɓe juulɓe, omo haɓa e dewgal doole, warngooji teddungal, [[dewgal sukaaɓe]], e [[Taƴgol jawturu debbo|ƴattaade rewɓe]] .<ref>{{Cite news|first=Anne|last=Applebaum|authorlink=Anne Applebaum|date=4 February 2007|title=The Fight for Muslim Women A feisty memoir from a controversial champion of female rights.|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/entertainment/books/2007/02/04/the-fight-for-muslim-women-span-classbankheada-feisty-memoir-from-a-controversial-champion-of-female-rightsspan/064381da-6fb0-4e29-8552-1e6f8b117bb4/|url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Ayaan Hirsi Ali on Q&A: the west must stop seeing Muslims only as victims|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/may/17/ayaan-hirsi-ali-qanda-west-muslims-only-as-victims|access-date=1 December 2016|work=The Guardian|date=16 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Ayaan Hirsi Ali's 'Heretic'|url-access=limited|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/05/books/review/ayaan-hirsi-alis-heretic.html|access-date=1 December 2016|work=The New York Times|date=1 April 2015}}</ref> Hirsi Ali jibinaa ko to leydi [[Somaaliya|Somali]] . E duuɓi joy, Hirsi Ali waɗii ƴaañorgal debbo ngal neene mum yuɓɓini. Ɓesngu makko ummiima e leyɗeele keewɗe e nder [[Afrik]] e Fuɗnaange hakkundeejo, nde o heɓi duuɓi 23, o heɓi asilo politik to Pays-Bas, o heɓi ɓiyleydaagu Pays-Bas duuɓi joy caggal ɗuum.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Somalia-born critic of Islam admits lying to gain asylum|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/somalia-born-critic-of-islam-admits-lying-to-gain-asylum-1.1003537|access-date=7 December 2023|newspaper=The Irish Times}}</ref> E nder duuɓi makko 30, Hirsi Ali woppii diineeji cukaagu mum, o fuɗɗii anndinde ko ateyist, o naati e politik hakkundeejo-nyaamo Holannda, o naati e lannda yimɓe ngam ndimaagu e demokaraasi (VVD). E hitaande 2003, Hirsi Ali suɓaama e suudu sarɗiiji leydi Pays-Bas . Nde o woni e parlemaa, o gollodiima e Theo van Gogh e filmo tokooso, tiitoonde mum ko ''Submission'', holliroowo tooñanngeeji rewɓe e les sariya lislaam fundamentalist, kadi o ñiŋii canon juulɓe e hoore mum. Filma oo addani yimɓe hulɓinaade maayde, Van Gogh waraa ko juuti caggal nde filmo oo yalti, ko Mohammed Bouyeri, riiwti Hirsi Ali e suuɗde. <ref name="Leung 2005" /> E oon sahaa, o ɓeydii haalde ko o ñiŋoowo [[Lislaamu|Lislaam]].<ref name="Leung 20052">{{cite news|last1=Leung|first1=Rebecca|title=Slaughter And 'Submission'|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/slaughter-and-submission-11-03-2005/|access-date=7 April 2025|work=CBS News|date=11 March 2005}}</ref> E hitaande 2005, jaaynde <nowiki><i id="mwSA">wiyeteende Time</i></nowiki> innitiri Hirsi Ali e nder 100 neɗɗo ɓurɗo waawde huutoraade doole e winndere ndee <ref name="Manji 2005">{{cite magazine|last1=Manji|first1=Irshad|title=The 2005 Time 100 {{!}} Ayaan Hirsi Ali|url=https://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1972656_1972691_1973029,00.html|access-date=6 November 2025|magazine=Time|date=18 April 2005|url-access=limited}}</ref>. Ƴeewndo makko laaɓtungo e Lislaam waɗi mo neɗɗo luulndiiɗo e politik Holannda. . E yahde [[Amerik]], Hirsi Ali naati e duɗal Ameriknaagal Enterprise Institute (AEI), fedde miijotoonde ko fayti e njuɓɓudi <ref>{{Cite web|last=Hayward|first=Freddie|date=9 September 2021|title=Ayaan Hirsi Ali: 'If you disagree with the left, you're punished'|url=https://www.newstatesman.com/encounter/2021/09/ayaan-hirsi-ali-if-you-disagree-with-the-left-youre-punished|access-date=7 December 2023|website=New Statesman}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Garner|first=Dwight|date=15 January 2012|title=Warriors on 2 Sides of Militant Islam|work=The New York Times|url-access=limited|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/16/books/wanted-women-faith-lies-the-war-on-terror-review.html}}</ref>, ɗo o sosi hoore makko e wonde binndoowo, golloowo, e ganndo renndo. Defte makko ''Kaafer: Nguurndam am'' (2007), ''Nomad: Gila e Lislaam haa [[Amerik]]'' (2010) e ''Heretik: Ko waɗi Lislaam ina haani waylude jooni'' (2015) ngonti defte ɓurɗe soodde.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Dominus|first=Susan|date=1 April 2015|title=Ayaan Hirsi Ali's 'Heretic'|work=The New York Times|url-access=limited|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/05/books/review/ayaan-hirsi-alis-heretic.html}}</ref> Ali ko neɗɗo caɗtuɗo e nder Atheism keso gila e fuɗɗoode mum.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Gregory|first=Elizabeth|date=17 August 2023|title=Richard Dawkins: everything you need to know about the world's most famous atheist|work=[[London Evening Standard]]|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/culture/richard-dawkins-professor-atheist-free-speech-b1100953.html}}</ref> O anndinii naatgol makko e diine kerecee en e hitaande 2023.<ref name="Jones 2023">{{Cite web|last=Jones|first=Sarah|date=29 November 2023|title=The Infidel Turned Christian|url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2023/11/ayaan-hirsi-alis-political-conversion.html|access-date=5 December 2023|website=Intelligencer}}</ref> Ɓeen ñaawooɓe ina tuuma Hirsi Ali wonde ko o lislaam-fobi walla neo-orientalist,<ref name="Mahmood">{{cite book|last1=Mahmood|first1=Saba|editor1-last=Herzog|editor1-first=H.|editor2-last=Braude|editor2-first=A.|title=Gendering Religion and Politics: Untangling Modernities|url=https://archive.org/details/genderingreligio0000unse_b7m3|date=2009|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|location=New York City|isbn=978-0-230-62337-8|page=[https://archive.org/details/genderingreligio0000unse_b7m3/page/197 197]|chapter=Feminism, Democracy, and Empire: Islam and the War on Terror}}</ref><ref name="Yaghi">{{cite journal|last1=Yaghi|first1=Adam|date=18 December 2015|title=Popular Testimonial Literature by American Cultural Conservatives of Arab or Muslim Descent: Narrating the Self, Translating (an)Other|journal=Middle East Critique|volume=25|issue=1|pages=83–98|doi=10.1080/19436149.2015.1107996|s2cid=146227696}}</ref> ina naamnoo kadi ko o daraniiɗo ganndal "ngam haalde e dow doole ko fayti e [[Lislaamu|Lislaam]] e winndere aarabeeɓe", ɓe mbiyi omo ƴellita miijo " civili " hirnaange.<ref name="Grewal">{{cite journal|last1=Grewal|first1=Kiran|title=Reclaiming the Voice of the 'Third World Woman'|journal=Interventions|date=December 2012|volume=14|issue=4|pages=569–590|doi=10.1080/1369801X.2012.730861|s2cid=142764138}}</ref> Hirsi Ali ina resndi daartoowo biyeteeɗo Niall Ferguson, daartoowo Ecoppinaajo-Ameriknaajo. Ɓeeɗoo ɗiɗo ina njibina ɓiɓɓe mum en worɓe to leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik, ɗo o wonti ɓiyleydi e hitaande 2013.<ref name="Kroet 2017">{{Cite web|last=Kroet|first=Cynthia|date=6 June 2017|title=Ayaan Hirsi Ali: Tackle Islam or face civil war|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/ayaan-hirsi-ali-tackle-islam-or-face-civil-war/|access-date=7 December 2023|website=Politico}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=17 May 2021|title=Ayaan Hirsi Ali on Immigration Reform and Assimilation in Europe|url=https://lithub.com/ayaan-hirsi-ali-on-immigration-reform-and-assimilation-in-europe/|access-date=7 December 2023|website=Literary Hub}}</ref> == Nguurndam gadano == Hirsi Ali jibinaa ko Ayaan Hirsi Magan to [[Mogadishu]], to leydi [[Somaaliya|Somali]], ñalnde 13 noowammbar 1969. <ref name="Contemporary Black Biography 2014">{{cite journal|title=Ayaan Hirsi Ali|journal=Contemporary Black Biography|series=Gale Academic OneFile|date=22 December 2014|issn=1058-1316|id={{gale|K1606005372}}}} {{Retrieved|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref><ref name="Benowitz 2017">{{cite book|last1=Benowitz|first1=June Melby|title=Encyclopedia of American Women and Religion|date=2017|publisher=ABC-Clio|location=Santa Barbara, Calif.|isbn=978-1-4408-3987-0|edition=2nd|language=en|chapter=Hirsi Ali, Ayaan (1969–)|page=263|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P8HSEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT427|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref name="Gorlinski 2025">{{cite web|last1=Gorlinski|first1=Virginia|title=Ayaan Hirsi Ali|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ayaan-Hirsi-Ali|website=Encyclopaedia Britannica|access-date=6 November 2025|language=en|date=3 October 2025}}</ref> Baaba makko, ko juulɗo sunnit, jeyaaɗo e leñol Darod to Somali, jannguɗo duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Colombia|Columbia]] to New York.<ref name="dangerwoman2">{{cite news|last=Linklater|first=Alexander|title=Danger woman|url=https://www.theguardian.com/g2/story/0,,1485350,00.html|work=The Guardian|date=17 May 2005|access-date=15 June 2008|location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.economist.com/culture/2007/02/08/dark-secrets|title=A critic of Islam: Dark secrets|magazine=The Economist|volume=382|issue=8515|date=10–16 February 2007|page=87|url-access=limited|quote=The family's troubles began in 1969, the year Ms Hirsi Ali was born. That was also the year that Mohammed Siad Barre, a Somali army commander, seized power in a military coup. Hirsi Magan was descended from the traditional rulers of the Darod, Somalia's second biggest clan. Siad Barre, who hailed from a lesser Darod family, feared and resented Ms Hirsi Ali's father's family, she says. In 1972, Siad Barre had Hirsi Magan put in prison from which he escaped three years later and fled the country.}}</ref> Tergal mawngal e fedde demokraasi kisal [[Somaaliya|Somali]], kadi ko o gardiiɗo e nder rewolison [[Somaaliya|Somali]], baaba makko sokaa sabu luulndaade laamu kominist [[Siyaad barre|Siad Barre]] e hitaande nde Ayaan jibinaa ndee. [ 9 ] Baaba Hirsi Ali ko ganndo, luulndiiɗo, juulɗo dewondirɗo, jannguɗo caggal leydi kadi omo luulndii [[Taƴgol jawturu debbo|ƴattaade rewɓe]] ; nde o woni e kasoo ndee, neene makko Hirsi Ali yamiri gorko gooto yo waɗ ɗum e dow makko, nde Hirsi Ali ina yahra e duuɓi joy. E wiyde Hirsi Ali, o waɗii saasɓe nde neene makko heɓaani debbo waɗde feere ndee, sibu ɓuuɓri ndii ina « ɓuri hoybude » so worɓe mbaɗi ɗum. <ref name="dangerwoman" /> Caggal nde baaba makko daɗi e kasoo, kanko e ɓesngu makko ɓe ngummii Somali, ɓe njahi Arabi Sawdit, Ecoppi, haa ɓe njottii Keña, ɓe nguuri ɗoon duuɓi sappo. <ref name="dangerwoman3">{{cite news|last=Linklater|first=Alexander|title=Danger woman|url=https://www.theguardian.com/g2/story/0,,1485350,00.html|work=The Guardian|date=17 May 2005|access-date=15 June 2008|location=London}}</ref>Ko ɗoon o sosi nguurndam toowɗam welɗam wonande ɓe. Hirsi Ali janngi ko duɗal hakkundeewal sukaaɓe rewɓe juulɓe e ɗemngal Engele. Wakkati o yotti duuɓi maako, lesdi Sawudit ɗon hokka ceede ngam jangirde diina nder lesɗe ɗuɗɗe nden boo miijooji maako dow diina ɗon mari semmbe nder juulɓe ɗuuɗɓe. Jannginoowo diine karismatik, jannginaaɗo e ngalɗoo daawal, naati duɗal Hirsi Ali. O doolniri suka debbo biyeteeɗo Ayaan, kam e won e janngooɓe makko, ngam ƴettude firooji ɓurɗi tiiɗde e Islaam ɗi Arabi Sawdit, ko luurdi e firooji ɓurɗi yooɗde e oon sahaa to Somali e Keñiya. Hirsi Ali wiyi caggal ɗuum wonde o ɓooyii yiɗde Qur'aana, o wuuri "e deftere, ngam deftere" e nder cukaagu makko fof. <ref name="smh.com.au2">{{cite news|last=Hirsi Ali|first=Ayaan|url=https://www.smh.com.au/news/opinion/to-submit-to-the-book-is-to-exist-in-their-hell/2007/06/03/1180809336515.html|title=To submit to the book is to exist in their hell|newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=4 June 2007a|url-access=limited}}</ref> O yurminii miijooji fedde wiyeteende « Banndiraaɓe juulɓe lislaam », o ɓoornii ko ''hijab'' e uniforme makko duɗal. Ɗuum noon ko huunde nde meeɗaa waɗde e oon sahaa kono ɗum ɓuri heewde e yoga e sukaaɓe rewɓe juulɓe.<ref name="lawcf.org">Interviewed by David Cohen, published 2 February 2007 [http://www.lawcf.org/index.asp?page=Evening+Standard+article+on+Islam+in+Britain LAWCF.org] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928140712/http://www.lawcf.org/index.asp?page=Evening+Standard+article+on+Islam+in+Britain|date=28 September 2007}} and identically here {{cite web|url=http://www.islamophobia-watch.com/islamophobia-watch/2007/2/7/violence-is-inherent-in-islam-it-is-a-cult-of-death.html|title=Islamophobia Watch – Home – 'Violence is inherent in Islam – it is a cult of death'|access-date=24 February 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070716234644/http://www.islamophobia-watch.com/islamophobia-watch/2007/2/7/violence-is-inherent-in-islam-it-is-a-cult-of-death.html|archive-date=16 July 2007}} Retrieved 24 March 2007.</ref> E oon sahaa, o jaɓii ''fatwa'' bayyinaango e binndoowo biyeteeɗo Salman Rushdie, biyeteeɗo Salman Rushdie, mo Angalteer, ngam jaabaade nate annabi lislaam Muhammadu e nder deftere mum ''wiyeteende The Satanic Verses'' <ref name="asiantribune.com">{{cite news|url=http://www.asiantribune.com/index.php?q=node/175|title=Controversial Ayaan Hirsi Ali, Muslim turned atheist, to resign from Dutch Parliament|work=Asian Tribune|access-date=21 February 2022|archive-date=6 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170906091124/http://www.asiantribune.com/index.php?q=node%2F175|url-status=dead}}</ref>. Caggal nde o timmini jaŋde makko hakkundeere, Hirsi Ali naati jaŋde binnditagol to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde binnditagol Valley to Nairobi fotde hitaande wootere. Nde o mawnata ndee, o janngi kadi daartol teskinngol e ɗemngal Engele, ko wayi no defte ''Nancy Drew'' e defte [[Enid Blyton]], e arketiipuuji jaambaarooji jamaanu, puɗɗiiɗi keeri renndo. " <nowiki><i id="mw4Q">Secret Seven</i></nowiki>, <nowiki><i id="mw4w">Famous Five</i></nowiki> e yoga e Enid Blytons woɗɓe – ko ɓe mbaɗata ko, ɓe cemmbina ma no neɗɗo gooto ngam miijaade wonde aɗa jeyaa e Secret Seven. Aɗa safra sirluuji, aɗa jeyaa e Famous Five<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jennifer Byrne Presents: Ayaan Hirsi Ali – The Books – The Book Club – ABC TV|url=https://www.abc.net.au/tv/firsttuesday/s2958720.htm|access-date=2025-02-05|website=www.abc.net.au}}</ref>. So ɗuum ina seerti no feewi e aduna mo mawnu-mi e mum, the Do told not mingle with boys," o siftori." Kadi, siftorde neene makko salii soldateeɓe naatde e galle makko, Hirsi Ali jokkondiri e Somali "natal rewɓe tiiɗɓe: mo ƴattooje e nder nguura, e mo darii ɗoon e laɓi e dow konu nguu, o wiyi, 'You intohouse'. Kadi mi wonti noon. Kadi jibnaaɓe am e neene am mbeltiima heen jooni—sabu ko kaalmi e Qur’aana koo. Mi wontii ɓe, tan ko e mbaadi ngoɗndi."<ref name="dangerwoman4">{{cite news|last=Linklater|first=Alexander|title=Danger woman|url=https://www.theguardian.com/g2/story/0,,1485350,00.html|work=The Guardian|date=17 May 2005|access-date=15 June 2008|location=London}}</ref> == Nguurndam e nder leydi Pays-Bas == === Argol e jaŋde === Hirsi Ali arii Pays-Bas e hitaande 1992. E ndeen hitaande o ummiima Keñiya ngam yiylaade galle makko to Düsseldorf e Bonn, [[Almaanya|Almaañ]], o yahi Pays-Bas ngam daɗde e dewgal tuumaangal doole. Nde o ari toon, o ɗaɓɓi asilo politik, o heɓi yamiroore hoɗde. O huutoriima innde mawniiko gorko gadano e ɗaɓɓaande makko, gila ndeen o anndiraama to bannge hirnaange ko Ayaan Hirsi Ali. O heɓi yamiroore hoɗde e nder yontereeji tati walla nayi caggal nde o arti Pays-Bas. E fuɗɗoode, o waɗii golle keewɗe juutɗe, gila e laɓɓinde haa e sortude posto. O golliima e firo to nokku mooliiɓe Rotterdam mo, e wiyde sehil makko gooto yeewtidiiɗo e hitaande 2006 e jaaynde ''The Observer'', maantini mo no feewi. Ko o jannguɗo no feewi, to Pays-Bas o tawi defte kese e laabi miijo ɗi fof ina njuɓɓina miijo makko, ina hulɓina mo. Golle Sigmund Freud naatni mo e mbaydi moraal alternatiif ndi tuugnaaki e diine. E nder oon sahaa o ƴettii kursuuji e ɗemngal Holanndee e kursuuji naatgol hitaande wootere e golle renndo to Hogeschool De Horst to Driebergen . O wiyi o weltiima no feewi e no renndo Holannda wayi no gollortoo nii. <ref name="smh.com.au" /> Ngam ɓeydaade faamde ƴellitaare maggal, o janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Leiden, ɗo o heɓi dipoloma makko Master e ganndal politik . Hakkunde 1995 e 2001, Hirsi Ali golliima kadi e firo e firoore Somali-Hollande keeriiɗo, o heewnoo gollodaade e rewɓe Somali e nder nokkuuji asilo, e nder hoɗorɗe rewɓe tooñaaɓe, e nder sarwiis Holannda toppitiiɗo ko fayti e immigration e naturalisation (IND, ''Immigratie- en Naturalisatiedienst'' ). Nde o gollotoo e IND ndee, o wonti ƴattoowo no nde jogori huutoraade ɗaɓɓooɓe asilo. Hirsi Ali ina haalda ɗemɗe jeegom : Engele, Somali, Arab, Suwahili, Amhari, e Holanndee . == Tuugnorgal == [[Category:Yimɓe wuurɓe]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] n6wmsp7rwbaypap3zi0d85kz9hpwbm5 0 40250 181183 165110 2026-08-05T03:41:19Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181183 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Shirtdress''' ko mbaydi ɓoornungal rewɓe, ñamlotoongal detaayuuji e limce gorko. Ɗe ina mbaawi wonde kolce, yeeso butoŋ, walla juuɗe cufɗe. Heewi, ɗeen ɓoornanɗe ina mbaɗee e mbaydiiji ɓuttiɗi ina heen cotton walla silk, no ɓoornanteeri worɓe nii. No ɗe keewi taƴeede tawa ɗe ngalaa ŋoral e ŋoral nii, ɗeen ɓoornanɗe ina keewi jogaade ŋoral ɓurngal loowde, ina heewi tuugnaade e ŋoral ngam siifde ŋoral. Butoŋ yeeso e yaafuya fit waɗde ɗum flattering look wonande ko ɓuri heewde e ɓalli. == Tariya == Shirtdresses ina wiyee sahaa e sahaa fof "shirtwaist dress" nde wonnoo ko e mbaydi e kitaale 1950. Ɓoornugol ngol e kitaale 1950, ko ngol Christian Dior waɗi caggal wolde adunaare ɗimmere "New Look", e mbaydi limto timmungo ina jogaa dow e ɓoornaade crinoline. Eɗe keewi waɗde kolce ɓutte, e juuɗe juutɗe haa koppi, ina njogii cukalel. Ko ɓuri heewde e mbaydiiji limce, peewnaaɗi e koto, kono ina njogii jokkere enɗam e koltu timmuɗo, wonti huunde ɓurnde himmude e limce rewɓe heewɓe e nder kitaale 1950, tawi diisneteeɓe hono Anne Fogarty ina nganndiraa mbaydiiji mum en e ngalɗoo mbaydi. Jaaynde Life yaltunde e hitaande 1957 ina waɗi foto limre limre cotton tippudi yeeyeteendi e 25 dolaar to wuro New York. Feere mbayliigu asliijo ko "T-shirt dress". Koɗkiiji teewu puɗɗii feewnireede ko e kitaale 1960, ko mbaydi juutndi tan e teewu.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Hewitt, Valerie|author2=Ann Kellogg|author3=Lynn Payne|name-list-style=amp|title=The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Clothing Through American History, 1900 to the Present: Volume 1, 1900–1949|year=2008|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-33395-8|page=311}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|volume=42|number=10|issn=0024-3019|title=Fashion: A Spree on 7th Avenue|newspaper=Life|date=11 Mar 1957|page=112}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author1=Cumming, Valerie|author2=C. W. Cunnington|author3=P. E. Cunnington|name-list-style=amp|title=The Dictionary of Fashion History|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryoffash0000cumm_m0w7|year=2010|publisher=Berg Publishers|isbn=978-1-84788-534-0|page=[https://archive.org/details/dictionaryoffash0000cumm_m0w7/page/211 211]}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewbe]] 0kswggpqa9s5bk97w48v81tlkmgjc0i 0 40276 180898 165198 2026-08-04T22:26:43Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180898 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Miijooji rewɓe lislaam''' e dow mbaydiiji ɓoornagol ina mbaɗi miijooji e geɗe jowitiiɗe e mbaydiiji ɓoornagol rewɓe e nder lislaam, haa teeŋti e hijab e niqāb. Hijab ko sifaa ɓuuɓɗo mo ɓuuɓnata ɓalndu gila e ƴiye haa e ɓalndu. Niqāb ko mbaydi ɓuuɓndi yeeso ko e nder hijab sartorial. Miijooji ina ceerti e nder rewɓe juulɓe ko fayti e nafoore ɓuuɓri. == Quraana == Qur’aana hollitii wonde worɓe e rewɓe ina poti ɓoornaade comci laaɓtuɗi (33:59-60, 24:30-31; e firo Ali, 1988, 1126-27). Kono nde huutoraaki kelme veil, hijab, burka, chador, walla abaya. E nder ɗuum, ina huutoroo kelme jilbab (kaɓirgal) e khumur (kaɓirgal). Ɗiin comci suddataa yeeso, juuɗe, walla koyɗe. ====== Firooji ====== Firooji no rewɓe foti ɓoornortoo ina ceerti fawaade e pine ceertuɗe, e nokkuuji ceertuɗi, e diineeji lislaam ceertuɗi. Yeru, pelle suufiyankooje ko wayi no Al-Ahbash, mbaɗataa ko ina addana rewɓe ɓoornaade comci gaadanteeji lislaam, hay so ina njaɓa jeans. Yiyngooji teeŋtinɗi ndimaagu suɓaade ɓoornaade hijab Won e feministe en juulɓe ina njiyra veil ko maande ndimaagu lislaam walla ko wayi no ina ndokkira ɗum maanaa keeriiɗo. Feministe en hono Leila Ahmed mbiyi veil nattii hollirde « ɗooftaade ngaandi debbo walla ko famɗi fof ŋakkeende suɓaade », e teskaade wonde juulɓe Amerik heewɓe ina ɓoornii hijab ngam hollirde luural mum en e njiyaagu luulndiingu juulɓe caggal njanngu 11 suwee walla ngam hollirde ballal mum en e Palestiin[. Won e feministe en ina njokkondiri ndimaagu ɓoornaade hijab e rewɓe jogiiɓe hakke e ɓalli mum en. Filoosof en rewɓe hono Luce Irigaray ina teskii wonde veil ina waawi ƴettude darnde doole ko fayti e ceertugol rewɓe e worɓe. Publicist Nadiya Takolia ƴettii hijab caggal nde wonti feministe, o wiyi hijab "wonaa ngam reende e njiimaandi worɓe", kono ko "haalde aduna oo wonde debbo am alaa ko waawi ñaameede e renndo... kadi mi yiɗaa jeyeede e system ustoowo e lesɗinoowo rewɓe." Yiyngo wooto e feminism juulɓe hannde oo ina hollita wonde ndimaagu debbo ina jogii nafoore mawnde, kadi ina foti waawde suɓaade so ina ɓoornoo wutte walla alaa tawa o dogaani walla o hulɓinaaka. Ndee ɗoo yi’annde ina tiiɗi e hollirde hoore mum diine lislaam, jogaade wonde rewɓe juulɓe ina poti waawde siifde koye mum en e ko ɓe cikkata ko ngam semmbinde ɓe e hoore maɓɓe. Ñalngu Hijab winndereewu, ngu Nazma Khan, jeyaaɗo to leydi Bangladesh, fuɗɗii, ko ñalngu ngu yimɓe fof njiɗi waɗde hitaande kala. Yiyngooji luulndiiɗi hijab doole Ƴeew kadi: Seppooji Iraan ngam salaade hijab doole Rewɓe luulndiiɓe hijab doole ina mbiya wonde suɗaade ɓanndu nduu fof e burka, chador, e geɗe goɗɗe koltu ko aada pinal ummoriiɗo e jaŋde Qur’aana nde mullaaji worɓe mbaɗata, tee Qur’aana e hoore mum ɗaɓɓaani suɗaade hono noon. == Yiyngooji baɗɗi haɗde hijab == Taƴre juulɓe feministe en, ina heen Fadela Amara e Hédi M’henni, ina mballita e haɗde hijab, ina mbiya wonde e dow tagoodi mum ko njiimaandi rewɓe. Amara ina jokki e haɗde Farayse ɓoornaade comci ɗii e nder galleeji laamu, o wiyi « veil ko maande yi’eteende e njiimaandi rewɓe, ɗum noon alaa ɗo haaɗi e nder nokkuuji jillondirɗi, sekulaaruuji e nder duɗe laamu Farayse ». O holliti kadi feministe en to Alseri haɓannooɓe ɓoornaade comci, o tuumi ɓeen ñiŋooɓe haɗde ɗum en wonde ina tawtoree neokolonialism. Mhenni hollitii ballal mum e Tuunus haɗde veil e dow dalillaaji nannduɗi e ɗii, o wiyi jaɓde veil ina addana jaɓde hakkeeji rewɓe ina pamɗi. Sihem Habchi, gardinooɗo fedde rewɓe Farayse wiyeteende Ni Putes Ni Soumises, hollitii kadi ballal mum e haɗde Farayse ɓoornaade burka e nokkuuji renndo, o wiyi wonde haɗde ɗum ko huunde « kuule demokaraasi » tee ina reena rewɓe Farayse e « dillere obscurantiste, fasiste, droite » nde o wiyi burqa ina lomtoo.<ref name="m203">{{cite journal|last=Al Wazni|first=Anderson Beckmann|title=Muslim Women in America and Hijab: A Study of Empowerment, Feminist Identity, and Body Image|journal=Social Work|volume=60|issue=4|date=2015|issn=0037-8046|doi=10.1093/sw/swv033|pages=325–333|pmid=26489353}}</ref><ref name="a967">{{cite journal|last=Hasan|first=Md. Mahmudul|title=The Feminist "Quarantine" on Hijab: A Study of Its Two Mutually Exclusive Sets of Meanings|journal=Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs|volume=38|issue=1|date=2 January 2018|issn=1360-2004|doi=10.1080/13602004.2018.1434941|pages=24–38}}</ref><ref name="a9672">{{cite journal|last=Hasan|first=Md. Mahmudul|title=The Feminist "Quarantine" on Hijab: A Study of Its Two Mutually Exclusive Sets of Meanings|journal=Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs|volume=38|issue=1|date=2 January 2018|issn=1360-2004|doi=10.1080/13602004.2018.1434941|pages=24–38}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceB">{{cite journal|last1=Berger|first1=Anne-Emmanuelle|date=1998|title=The Newly Veiled Woman: Irigaray, Specularity, and the Islamic Veil|journal=Diacritics|volume=28|issue=1|pages=93–119|doi=10.1353/dia.1998.0001|jstor=1566326|s2cid=170559271}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last=Moeveni|first=Azadeh|date=June 13, 2011|title=Is the Veil Now a Symbol of Islamic Freedom?|magazine=Time|url=http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2076653,00.html|url-status=live|access-date=2014-05-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140503061813/http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2076653,00.html|archive-date=2014-05-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Takolia|first1=Nadiya|title=The hijab has liberated me from society's expectations of women|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/may/28/hijab-society-women-religious-political|access-date=1 December 2022|work=The Guardian|date=28 May 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Veiling and Hijab as understood|url=http://www.irfi.org/articles/articles_301_350/veiling_and_hijab_as_understood.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151115172313/http://www.irfi.org/articles/articles_301_350/veiling_and_hijab_as_understood.htm|archive-date=2015-11-15|accessdate=9 December 2015|work=irfi.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://worldhijabday.com/|title=World Hijab Day - Better Awareness. Greater Understanding. Peaceful World|access-date=13 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006192248/http://worldhijabday.com/|archive-date=2016-10-06|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Asma Barlas|title=Believing Women in Islam|url=https://archive.org/details/believingwomenin0000barl|date=2002|publisher=University of Texas Press|location=Austin|pages=[https://archive.org/details/believingwomenin0000barl/page/53 53]–55}}</ref><ref name="guardian17Jul2006">{{cite news|last=George|first=Rose|date=July 17, 2006|title=Ghetto warrior|work=The Guardian|location=London|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/jul/17/france.politicsphilosophyandsociety|url-status=live|accessdate=May 5, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130830072547/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/jul/17/france.politicsphilosophyandsociety|archive-date=2013-08-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=IslamOnline.net- News|url=http://www.islamonline.net/English/News/2006-10/06/06.shtml|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100601165818/http://www.islamonline.net/English/News/2006-10/06/06.shtml|archivedate=June 1, 2010|accessdate=August 31, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Malik|first=Zubeida|date=March 15, 2010|title=France's burka dilemma|work=BBC News|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/today/hi/today/newsid_8568000/8568024.stm|url-status=live|access-date=2010-07-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100809035550/http://news.bbc.co.uk/today/hi/today/newsid_8568000/8568024.stm|archive-date=2010-08-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ni Putes Ni Soumises Organizes a Protest Against the Burqa - VINGT Paris News|url=http://www.vingtparismagazine.com/2010/01/ni-putes-ni-soumises-organizes-a-protest-against-the-burqa.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100522080511/http://www.vingtparismagazine.com/2010/01/ni-putes-ni-soumises-organizes-a-protest-against-the-burqa.html|archive-date=2010-05-22|access-date=2010-07-15}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> baiddhicobhd5iiocp5xxrd8pt65st1 0 40277 181066 165201 2026-08-05T01:46:07Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181066 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Nicole Kidman, fiyoowo filmo Ostarali, ɓoornii''' ko wutte chartreuse Chinoiserie Dior, tawi ko ñalnde 24 marse 1997, ñalnde 24 marse 1997. Ko John Galliano waɗi wutte oo. Jaaynde W hollitii wonde ɓoornungal ngal ko "waktu maantinirɗo wonande diisneteeɗo oo e ɓoorniiɗo ɗum oo fof: Galliano toɗɗaama ko ɓooyaani koo gardiiɗo Dior e lewru ɓennundu nduu, kadi feeñde Kidman e Oscars hollitii gargol makko e doole kese baawɗe wonde e dow tapi boɗeejo". Jaaynde Daily Telegraph waɗtii ɓoornateeri ndii e doggol mum en « ɓoornanteeri Oscar ɓurndi siftoreede e sahaa kala » , wiyi ɓoornanteeri ndii « waylii laawol moodel tapi boɗeejo ». Duɗal Smithsonian innitiri ɗum gooto e ɓoornanteeri Oscar ɓurndi waawde huutoreede e yontaaji kala. Melissa Rivers, gonɗo e udditde njeenaari Oscar ngam E! ndeen hitaande, inniri ɗum « ɓoornungal couture goongawal gadanal e dow tapi boɗeejo ». Joan Rivers, kañum ne ina yeewta hiirde ndee, wiyi wonde colour dress oo ina boni, ina nanndi e noppi retching. Jaaynde W inniri ɓoornateeri ndii "ko ɓoornateeri silki ndi alaa ko bonnata, bonndi e mbaydi chartreuse, ndi hulɓini Joan Rivers e Tom Cruise." Hooreejo Women's Wear Daily Bridget Foley wi'i Vanity Fair dow ko Joan Rivers wi'i wayliti tapi boɗeejo, "Mi ɗon mari maande man bana waylaare. Baawo waylugo mettuɗum diga kala ko woni nder woɗɗugo-y e nafuuda haa dow ko woni nder duuniyaaru ko en ɗon laara hannde dow tapi boɗeejo." Nde o winndi e hitaande 2003 ngam Vogue, Sally Singer siftinii ɓoornungal ngal ko "ko adii fof neɗɗo ina ɓoornoo ɓoornungal mawngal haa Oscars e hoolaare tigi-rigi." Kidman wiyi mo wonde ɓoornateeri ndii ko kañum woni ɓoornanteeri mboɗeeri ndi o ɓuri yiɗde haa jooni.<ref name="W170523">{{cite magazine|last=Cusumano|first=Katherine|date=May 23, 2017|title=Don't Call It a Comeback: Nicole Kidman Has a Long History of Wearing Daring Dresses on the Red Carpet|url=https://www.wmagazine.com/story/nicole-kidman-daring-fashion-red-carpet/|magazine=[[W (magazine)|W]]|access-date=December 7, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=February 9, 2020|title=A look back at the most memorable Oscars red carpet dresses of all time|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/events/best-oscars-dresses-style-outfits-fashion-looks-all-time-celebs/although-kidmans-chinoiserie-chartreuse-galliano-for-dior-gown-s/|work=The Daily Telegraph|access-date=December 7, 2020|url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last=Ginsberg|first=Merle|date=September 17, 2014|title=The Night Joan Rivers Terrorized Nicole Kidman|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/night-joan-rivers-terrorized-nicole-733310|magazine=The Hollywood Reporter|access-date=December 7, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last=Miller|first=Julie|date=August 11, 2014|title=The Evolution of Hollywood's Red Carpet, from the Golden Age to the GlamCam360|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2014/08/red-carpet-history|magazine=Vanity Fair|access-date=December 7, 2020}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Singer|first=Sally|title=The World in Vogue: People, Parties, Places|url=https://archive.org/details/worldinvoguepeop0000unse|date=2009|publisher=|isbn=978-0-307-27187-7|editor-last=Kotur|editor-first=Alexandra|edition=|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/worldinvoguepeop0000unse/page/218 218]|chapter=Nicole Kidman|oclc=316029832}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> g62h6n0iw6pbmd2xwzwrmo3xiqmpgc3 0 40283 180819 165222 2026-08-04T21:02:31Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180819 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Pelerine''' ko comci tokoosi nannduɗi e kaɓirgal, ɓuuɓɗi, nannduɗi e fichu. E nder daartol, pelerine ina gasa tawa ummorii ko e sifaa ɓuuɓri gonndi e teeminannde 15ɓiire, ndi reennata wuddu e koyɗe e hoore mum, so tawii ɓuuɓri ndii ina semmbinaa e nder mum e njamndi, e/walla ina waɗi ɓuuɓri hakkunde ɓuuɓri e ɓalndu e nder diiwaan wuddu e koyɗe. Pelerine ina heewi jogaade jokkere enɗam ngam pauldrons ina mbaawa jokkondirde. E nder mbaydi rewɓe, pelerine ɓuri waawde huutoreede ko e cakkital haa joofnirde teeminannde sappo e jeenayɓiire to Orop e Amerik. == Etimoloji == Konngol ngol ummorii ko e ɗemngal Farayse « pèlerine » (debbo hijjoore) ina gasa tawa ko firo kaɓirɗe tokoose ɗe rewɓe heewɓe ɓoornotonoo e nate Jean-Antoine Watteau 1717 biyeteeɗo Hajju to Cythera. Mode teeminannde 19ɓiire Pelerine, ko wutte Irlande, ko hedde 1830-1840. Duɗal koɗki naalankaagal wuro mawngo: 2009.300.4061. Feññinde pelerine e nder ɓoornanteeri rewɓe mooftundi ina waawi rewrude e teeminannde 18ɓiire. E oon sahaa, pelerine ina sikkaa ko no mbaydi kaɓirgal juutngal nii, ina taƴa ɓalndu, ina fawii e ɓaleeri. Pelerines wonti huunde ɓurnde lollude e nder fuɗɗoode teeminannde 19ɓiire, nde pelerines muslin layered njiytiraa ko mbaydi e kitaale 1830, ɓoornetee ko e dow hoore gigot (walla koyngal-mutton) mawngal e oon sahaa. Yanti e tippets, pelerines mballitii teeŋtinde njaajeendi mooftirndi juuɗe e njuuteendi ɓalndu e kitaale 1830. Yeruuji gadani gila e fuɗɗoode teeminannde ndee haa hedde 1825 ɓuri nanndude ko e kolce lace mawɗe, tawi noon pelerinen gila e kitaale 1830 ina nanndi e mbaydiiji teeminannde ɓennunde ndee, hay so tawii noon ko ɓuri heewde e mum en ko pecce dekoraasiyoŋ ko ɓuri faandaare huuɓtodinnde. Pelerine ina waawi waɗeede e geɗe keewɗe, ko wayi no muslin, silki, lace, walla koton ko wayi no kambrik. Ɗe mbaawi faweede ko e mbaydiiji mbaylaandi, e mbaydiiji mbaylaandi, e mbaydiiji mbaylaandi, walla hay mbaydiiji mbaylaandi, eɗe keewi waɗde heen geɗe keeriije mbaylaaɗe. Pelerinuuji crochet ina keewi kadi. Hay so tawii ɓoornaade pelerine ina jokki haa e fuɗɗoode teeminannde 20ɓiire, e darorɗe teeminannde sappo e jeenay, pelerine ina heewi yiyeede ko no comci ɗi ngalaa njuɓɓudi, ina keewi ɓoorneede e nder galleeji.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Lewandowski|first1=Elizabeth J.|title=The complete costume dictionary|date=2011|publisher=Scarecrow Press, Inc.|location=Lanham, Md.|isbn=9780810877856|page=224|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gbIsJ2tZJS4C&pg=PA224}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.armorysmith.com/dospehi/pelerine-with-plates-tristan/|title=Pelerine with plates "Tristan"}}</ref>.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://blog.fidmmuseum.org/museum/2010/03/pelerine.html|title=Pelerine|date=March 10, 2010|website=FIDM Museum Blog|access-date=2019-06-18|archive-date=2019-08-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190821094810/https://blog.fidmmuseum.org/museum/2010/03/pelerine.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Cummings|first=Valerie|title=The Dictionary of Fashion History|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryoffash0000cumm|last2=Cunnington|first2=C. W.|last3=Cunnington|first3=P. E.|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic|year=2017|edition=2nd|location=London|pages=[https://archive.org/details/dictionaryoffash0000cumm/page/200 200]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Tortora|first1=Phyllis G|last2=Eubank|first2=Keith|title=A survey of historic costume : a history of Western dress|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofhistoric0000tort_k6o4|date=1994|publisher=Fairchild Publications|location=New York|isbn=1563670038|page=[https://archive.org/details/surveyofhistoric0000tort_k6o4/page/n306 281]|edition=2nd}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Pelerine Cape by A. Walles & Co.|url=https://risdmuseum.org/art-design/collection/pelerine-cape-46379?return=/exhibitions-events/exhibitions/cape-able-clothing|access-date=2019-06-18|website=RISD Museum}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-18|title=Pelerine|url=http://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O114499|access-date=2019-06-18|website=Victoria and Albert Museum|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Weaver|first=Jane|date=1862|title=Pelerine Shawl In Crochet; Fringe For The Pelerine.|url=http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/510d47e1-198d-a3d9-e040-e00a18064a99|access-date=2019-06-18|website=NYPL Digital Collections|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Search the Collection|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search|access-date=2023-07-30|website=The Metropolitan Museum of Art|language=en}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewbe]] 9o1oio949aqj3u2b65x8bb5humlk25x 0 40318 181024 165315 2026-08-05T00:59:02Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181024 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Kosam slip''' ko kosam debbo nannduɗam no feewi e underslip walla petticoat. Ko aada taƴaaɗo e dow bias, e jolɗe spaghetti. Ɓoornugol slip ngol wayi ko no limce les nii, kono ina yiɗaa yiyeede, e rewrude e kuutoragol lace e geɗe sheer, ina rokka gite ɓanndu les. Diisnondirooɓe jokkondirɓe e ɓoornanteeri slip ina njeyaa heen John Galliano, mo diisnondirɗo mum gadano e Dior ko ɓoornanteeri slip ɓuuɓndi, ndi Diana, laamɗo leydi Galles ɓoorni e hitaande 1996 ; Kalvin Klein e Narsiso Rodrigues. == Tariya == Kosam ɗam fuɗɗii ɓoorneede ko e duuɓi sappo cakkitiiɗi ɗii e teeminannde 20ɓiire, e nder mbaydi ɓoornanteeri les-ko-yaasi, nde ɗi mbaɗetee ko e sifon layer, satin poliyester e charmeuse, ɗi keewi taƴeede ko e lace. Koɗkiiji ɗii ina kollita minimalism sartorial e kitaale 1990. Ɓoornugol ngol wonti jokkondirngol e supermodels duuɓi sappo ɗii, teeŋti noon e Kate Moss, mo dañi hakkillaaji e mbaydi mum laaɓtundi e hitaande 1993. Yiɗde Courtney Love e mbaydi ndii rokki ɓoornugol ngol hoolaare grunge. Ɗe keewi ɓoorneede ko dow koppi e tights opaque, leggings, walla shorts bike ɗi njiyataa les les ɓoornateeri ndii e teewu cappanɗe juuɗe ko heewi ko daneejo walla bodysuit cappanɗe juuɗe les. Wonno heen ko mbaydiiji ɓurɗi juutde kono ko ɓuri juutde ɓuri heewde. Sifaa oo heɓiino weltaare hesere fuɗɗoraade e darorɗe kitaale 2010 haa jokki e kitaale 2020 e nder ummital ɓurngal yaajde e mbaydiiji mooftugol kitaale 1990. Koolol Yves Saint Laurent e Burberry e ndunngu 2016 ina hollira mbaydi ndii. Gila ndeen, ɓoornanteeri slip ko huunde nde tapi boɗeejo ɓuri heewde. Koolol Versace ngol ndunngu 2021 ina waɗi ɓoornanteeri slip e tiitoonde beachy.<ref name="erin">{{cite book|last=McKean|first=Erin|title=The Hundred Dresses: The Most Iconic Styles of Our Time|year=2013|publisher=A. & C.Black|isbn=978-1472535856|page=82|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T1tY4jXQw08C&pg=PA82}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Martin|first=Richard|title=Infra-apparel|year=1993|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|location=New York|isbn=9780870996764|page=18|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2-Vwu3GmwtAC&pg=PA18|author2=Harold Koda}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Modlinger|first=Jackie|title=Diana : woman of style|url=https://archive.org/details/dianawomanofstyl0000modl|year=1998|publisher=Bramley|location=Godalming|isbn=9781858339658|page=[https://archive.org/details/dianawomanofstyl0000modl/page/126 126]|quote=...the first sighting of a dress made in the Dior couture workroom. It was the designer's controversial long lace-embellished slip-style evening dress}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nushas.com/category/girls/%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%AA-%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%93%D7%95%D7%AA-he-he/|title=Girls Dresses}} Tuesday, 10 August 2021</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Greenwood encyclopedia of clothing through American history 1900 to the present|year=2008|publisher=Greenwood Press|location=Westport, Conn.|isbn=9780313358555|page=229|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rQCEF-tG77AC&pg=RA1-PA229|editor=Amy T. Peterson & Ann T. Kellogg}}{{Dead link|date=February 2023|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> i78bkgzby32bpqwyp7hbtt887lpw6j8 0 40351 181141 165400 2026-08-05T02:54:34Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181141 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Jumper''' (e ɗemngal Engele Amerik), ɓoornungal jumper, walla ɓoornungal pinafore ko ɓoornungal ngal alaa juuɗe, ngal alaa koltu, ngal yiɗaa ɓoorneede e dow blusa, limce, teewu walla sweater Hemlines ina mbaawi wonde njuuteendi ceertundi e sifaa kolce e so tawii ina woodi pleating ko kadi waylooji e nder diisnondiral ngal. E ɗemngal Engele Angalteer, helmere jumper ndee ina siftina ko wiyetee sweater e ɗemngal Engele Amerik. Kadi, e kuutoragol ɓurngol laaɓtude e Biritaan en, ceertugol ina waɗee hakkunde ɓoornungal pinafore e pinafore. Ko sakkitii koo, hay so ko comci jokkondirɗi, ina jogii ɓalndu udditiindu, ina ɓoornee no apron nii. E ɗemngal Engele Amerik, pinafore ina firta sahaa kala apron. Jumper ina seerti e sundress, ko heewi ko alaa juuɗe e kolli no feewi, kono ko ɓuri heewde ko taƴre e mbaadi ceertundi, kadi ko kañum waɗiraa ngam ɓoorneede e hoore mum. Ɓoornugol apron ina waawi yiyeede ko no huunde teeŋtunde e jumper. So tawii diisnondiral ɓoornungal ngal ina ƴoogi e apron (jogaade bib e yeeso e karabaaji caggal, yeru), ɓoornungal ngal ina heewi siforeede no ɓoornanteeri apron nii. == Tariya == Jumpers ngam fall siifaama e nder jaaynde wiyeteende The Fort Wayne Sentinel e hitaande 1906. Ɓoornugol ngol "naatnaa ko e Pari" ina waɗi "laabi asliiji". Jumpooɓe to Amerik ina njeyaa e kollirɗe dingiral Jean Patou, Coco Chanel e Paul Poiret. Suzanne Lenglen ɓoornii ko wutte Patou e kitaale 1920. Kosam ɗam, ɓoorneteeɗam dow blusaaji, wonti ko ɓuri heewde e kitaale sappo 1920. Jumperuuji ina keewi ɓoorneede e ndunngu, ina mbaɗee e mbaydiiji keewɗi. Jumpers ina wiyee "Ameriknaajo" e "mode dingiral" e hitaande 1930 e jaaynde Pittsburgh. Kosam ɗam kadi ina manti sabu ina addana rewɓe sosde mbaydiiji colour rewrude e suɓaade blusaaji ɓoorneteeɗi les ɗii. Diwooje kadi njiytiraa ko e hitaande 1953, nde Hubert de Givenchy ƴetti diwooje mum. Jumpers, jooni ina sikkaa ko "classic" look, ina sikkaa ko "fotde duuɓi kala."<ref>{{Cite book|first=Erin|last=McKean|year=2013|title=The Hundred Dresses: The Most Iconic Styles of Our Time|url=https://archive.org/details/hundreddressesmo0000mcke|publisher=Bloomsbury|isbn=978-1408190500|quote=the jumper dress (known in the UK as a Pinafore dress) is a sleeveless dress intended to be worn over a blouse, shirt, turtleneck, jersey, or sweater. A Jumper may have a bodice with a completely closed back, or it may have a bib front, like a pair of overalls.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/17299144/chicago_tribune/|title=Hints for the Home Dressmaker|date=1906-11-11|work=Chicago Tribune|access-date=2018-02-09|pages=83|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Ambrose|first1=Gavin|author2=Paul Harris|year=2007|title=The Visual Dictionary of Fashion Design 2940373612|page=190|quote=Also called a pinny, a pinafore dress was intended to be worn over a top or blouse, but the name refers to any sleeveless dress that fastens behind. The name originates from the aprons that were pinned to the front of a dress.}}</ref><ref>[https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/jumper Jumper], definition in Collins American Dictionary</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120706124503/http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/pinafore "Pinafore" Oxford Dictionaries]</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/17298966/the_fort_wayne_sentinel/|title=A New Model 'Jumper' Dress for Fall|date=1906-09-10|work=The Fort Wayne Sentinel|access-date=2018-02-09|pages=6|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bustle.com/articles/86034-a-brief-history-of-the-jumper-because-theyre-adorable-and-not-just-for-kids|title=A Brief History of the Jumper|last=Marie|first=Jen|date=2 June 2015|work=Bustle|access-date=2018-02-09|language=en}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewbe]] q13m9mxtfxb5mspa6ctchlqztwfqjq6 0 40439 181123 165679 2026-08-05T02:39:35Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181123 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Duɗal janngirɗe Birmingham,''' sosaande e hitaande 1890, ko duɗal janngirɗe to Birmingham, Angalteer. Ko ɗoon woni e laawol Vittoria e nder wuro hee, ko duɗal jeewte ɓurngal mawnude e nder Orop. Ina jeyaa e duɗal ganndal, diisnondiral e jaayɗe (ADM), duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Birmingham City. Portfolio mayre e kursuuji ina waɗi jeewte, kaalis, horologie, e gemmologie. Duɗal ngal ina waɗi kadi nokku keso e nder gollorɗe jeewte (JIIC), ina rokka humpitooji to bannge karallaagal jowitiingal e gollorɗe, ko wayi no : « Computer Aided Design » (CAD), « prototype » jaawɗo e « surface finishing » . == Tariya == E cakkital teeminannde 19ɓiire, njulaagu jeewte ina hiisee wonde ko ɓuri heewde e ngalu e nder Birmingham tawi jeewte ina ngondi e gollotooɓe ɓurɓe yoɓeede e nder wuro ngo. Kadi ina heewi yimve gollotoove e njulaagu ko vuri heewde e yimve e nder wuro ngo.Apprentices ina keewi naamnaade hay seedantaagal gootal kono style wonti ko janngugol e nder njulaagu nguu e fedde jeweller gooto ina naamndii janngooɓe fof yo njahdu e duɗal Birmingham School of Art. Duɗal Birmingham to bannge njulaagu e kaalis sosaa ko e hitaande 1890, ko ngal caltal Duɗal Naalankaagal nde Martin & Chamberlain wayli gollordu njulaagu kaŋŋe, mahaaɗo e hitaande 1865 e diisnondiral J. G. Bland. Etaas toowɗo oo ɓeydaama e hitaande 1906 e juuɗe Cossins, Peacock & Bewlay ɓe kadi peewni ɓeydagol fuɗnaange ngol e hitaande 1911. Duɗal ngal heɓi ɗum ko e hitaande 1989, wondude e nokku keewɗo saraaji mum. Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde ngal yamiri Associated Architects ɓe peewnitii ɓeydaare fuɗnaange woɗnde nde ɓe mahi hakkunde 1992 e 1993. Ɓe mbayli kadi ko heewi e nder suudu nduu, ɓe mbaɗi heen atrium toowɗo timmuɗo, mo galleeji ɗii mbaawi naatde e golle. Nokku jaɓɓorde oo ina waawi kadi huutoreede ngam waɗde kollirgol. Mahdi ndii e hoore mum ina waɗi yeeso Lombardo-Gothic, tawi noon ɓeydagol mum e hitaande 1911 ko birik boɗeejo mo ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓri.Eɓɓoore ndee heɓi njeenaari mahngo RIBA e hitaande 1995 e njeenaari Civic Trust e hitaande 1996.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bcu.ac.uk/biad|title=Birmingham Institute of Art and Design|publisher=[[Birmingham City University]]|location=UK|accessdate=24 March 2014}}</ref><ref name="building">{{cite web|url=http://www.schoolofjewellery.co.uk/about/our_building/|title=Our Building|publisher=Birmingham School of Jewellery|location=UK|accessdate=24 March 2014|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150108031033/http://www.schoolofjewellery.co.uk/about/our_building|archivedate=8 January 2015}}</ref><ref name="Timmins">{{cite book|last=Timmins|first=Samuel|author2=Wright, J. S.|title=Birmingham and the Midland Hardware District|url=https://archive.org/details/birminghammidlan0000samu|publisher=Routledge|year=1967|pages=[https://archive.org/details/birminghammidlan0000samu/page/452 452]–62|chapter=The Jewellery and Gilt Toy Trades|isbn=0-7146-1147-6}}</ref><ref name="Pearce">{{cite book|last=Pearce|first=David|title=Conservation Today: Conservation in Britain Since 1975|url=https://archive.org/details/conservationtoda0000pear|publisher=Routledge|year=1989|pages=[https://archive.org/details/conservationtoda0000pear/page/48 48]–50|chapter=Birmingham's Jewellery Quarter|isbn=0-415-00778-X}}</ref><ref name="appraisal1">{{cite web|url=http://www.birmingham.gov.uk/ELibrary?E_LIBRARY_ID=306&a=1195913472104|title=Jewellery Quarter Conservation Area — Character Appraisal and Management Plan (Part 1)|date=2002-01-28|publisher=Birmingham City Council|accessdate=2008-09-02|format=pdf|archive-date=25 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525174751/http://www.birmingham.gov.uk/ELibrary?E_LIBRARY_ID=306&a=1195913472104|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="sojaa">{{cite web|url=http://www.associated-architects.co.uk/files/soj.pdf|title=The School of Jewellery, Birmingham|publisher=Associated Architects|accessdate=2008-09-06|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719120724/http://www.associated-architects.co.uk/files/soj.pdf|archivedate=2011-07-19}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> i3e2kj3vumy4w0x2my1xndp8j5i6246 0 40446 181049 165708 2026-08-05T01:27:40Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 3 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181049 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Ai Xia''' (sinuwaa: 艾霞; 29 noowammbar 1912 – 15 feebariyee 1934) ko fijoowo e binndoowo filmuuji deƴƴuɗi bannge nano Sinuwaa. O wari hoore makko ko e hitaande 1934, ko kanko woni fijoowo Siin gadano waɗde ɗum. Warngo makko ngoo addani Cai Chusheng waɗde filmo ɓooyɗo biyeteeɗo New Women mo Ruan Lingyu ardii, kanko ne o wari hoore makko ko juuti caggal nde filmo oo yalti.<ref name="DaCidian">{{cite book|title=中国电影大辞典|url=https://archive.org/details/zhongguodianying0000unse_a9d1|language=Chinese|trans-title=China Cinema Encyclopaedia|editor1-first=Junxiang|editor1-last=Zhang|editor2-first=Jihua|editor2-last=Cheng|publisher=辞书出版社|location=Shanghai|year=1995|isbn=7-5326-0326-1|page=[https://archive.org/details/zhongguodianying0000unse_a9d1/page/n11 8]}}</ref><ref name="Ma" /><ref name="Kuoshu">{{cite book|last1=Kuoshu|first1=Harry|title=Celluloid China: Cinematic Encounters with Culture and Society|date=2002|publisher=Carbondale|location=Southern Illinois University Press|isbn=9780809324552|pages=127–128|edition=1st|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bGHBX6V7IKwC&pg=PA128}}</ref><ref name="Douban Movie">{{cite web|title=艾霞 Xia Ai|url=http://movie.douban.com/celebrity/1039813/|website=Douban|accessdate=28 November 2015}}</ref><ref name="Colet">{{cite book|last1=Colet|first1=Cristina|title=Women Screenwriters: An International Guide|date=2015|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=978-1-137-31238-9|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-2ekCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT65|chapter=Three Chinese female screenwriters: Ai Xia, Zhang Ailing, and Peng Xiaolian}}</ref> == Nguurndam e golle == Ai Xia jibinaa ko Yan Yinan (e ɗemngal Sinuwaa : 严以南) ñalnde 29 noowammbar 1912 to Tianjin e nder galle mawɗo hakkundeejo. O naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde. Caggal nde o heɓi bak makko, o yiɗi ɓiɗɗo mawniiko, o dañi ɓiɗɗo. Ɓesngu makko jaɓaani jokkondiral ngal, ɗum addani giɗo makko yahde. E hitaande 1928, o woni ko e dewgal yuɓɓinaangal kono, ngam salaade hoore makko, o ummii galle o fayti Shanghai ngam jokkude golle e nder filmuuji.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Wang|first1=Yiman|editor1-last=Wang|editor1-first=Lingzhen|title=Chinese Women's Cinema: Transnational Contexts|date=2011|publisher=Columbia University Press|location=New York|isbn=978-0-231-52744-6|page=238|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KS5FAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT250}}</ref><ref name="Colet2" /><ref name="Pang">{{cite book|last1=Pang|first1=Laikwan|title=Building a New China in Cinema: The Chinese Left-wing Cinema Movement, 1932–1937|url=https://archive.org/details/buildingnewchina0000pang|date=2002|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers|location=Lanham|isbn=9780742509450|pages=[https://archive.org/details/buildingnewchina0000pang/page/121 121], 123}}</ref> Ai Xia fuɗɗii golle mum ko e dingiral e nder fedde pijirlooji Siin worgo (Nanguo jushe), nde Tian Han sosi, hade mum naatde e fedde pijirlooji nano (Zuoyi juzojia lianmeng). O naatnaa e sosiyetee filmo Mingxing (Star) e hitaande 1932. O winndi deftere wiyeteende Xiandai yi Nüxing (Debbo hannde) e hitaande 1933. Deftere ndee waɗiraa ko filmo e hitaande ndee tan. Hay so tawii ko ƴaañorgal taariindi daartol ngol, filmo oo jaɓɓaaka no feewi e ƴeewooɓe sabu ko kañum ɓuri tiiɗnaade e rewolison. Ai Xia ina jeyaa e rewɓe ɗiɗo tan winndooɓe senaare e nder dille "Left-Wing" e nder filmuuji Siin. O waɗii filmuuji jeetati e nder nguurndam makko.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Farquhar|first1=Mary|last2=Zhang|first2=Yingjin|title=Chinese Film Stars|url=https://archive.org/details/chinesefilmstars0000unse|date=2010|publisher=Routledge|location=London; New York|isbn=9780415573900|pages=[https://archive.org/details/chinesefilmstars0000unse/page/36 36]–37}}<!--|accessdate=25 November 2015--></ref><ref name="Pang2" /> Maayde e ndonu == Ai Xia == Ai wari hoore mum e hitaande 1934 nde o ñaami afriknaajo ɓuuɓɗo. Ko kanko woni fijoowo gadano e nder leydi Siin waɗde ɗum, maayde makko ina hiisee wonde ko huunde maantiniinde e nder filmuuji Siin. Filmo New Women tuugnii ko e nguurndam makko. Nde hollitta ko fiyoowo filmo biyeteeɗo Ruan Lingyu mo kadi wari hoore mum ko juuti caggal nde filmo oo yalti e hitaande 1935. Ina sikkaa wonde gardo oo, hono Cai Chusheng, ina waawi tawa ina jokkondiri e Ai, ko noon kadi, waɗiri filmo oo ngam dalillaaji keertiiɗi. == Filmogaraafi == Jaayndeeji e nder ladde hare (1922) Jiu hen cin chou (1922) Chuncan (ɓiɗɓe leɗɗe) (1933) Kosam moƴƴam (1933) Ɓiɓɓe worɓe e rewɓe jamaanu (1933) Debbo hannde (1933) Aayeeji ɗiɗi Gooto (1933) Kosmetik luumo (1933) == Bibliyogaraafi == Debbo hannde (1933) ISBN 978-7511006271 == Ƴeew kadi == Sinema leydi Siin == Tuugnorgal == rwzzzvmn7030qrjwklf46eb5zqy76sf 0 40487 180804 165857 2026-08-04T20:46:09Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180804 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Olivia Mary Bryden''' (1883-1951) ko pentoowo nate e naalanke paabi. == Nguurndam == Bryden mawni ko to wuro wiyeteengo Tunbridge Wells, o naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde West Hill to Eastbourne hade makko janngude naalankaagal to Pari. O janngii to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde mawngal Chaumière e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Colarossi e les njiimaandi Lucien Simon e Charles Cottet.Nde o arti Angalteer, Bryden janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal e karallaagal to Londres ɗo o heɓi seedantaagal makko jannginoowo, o rokkaa njeenaari e fedde wiyeteende Royal Drawing Society. Pewnugol nate e geɗe pawɗe, Bryden wonti kolliroowo sahaa kala e nder galleeji Londres. O hollitii golle makko e nder Galleeji Grosvenor, to Burlington House, e Fedde Fine Art e Fedde Royal Naalankooɓe Angalteer e, hakkunde 1922 e 1933, e Fedde Naalankooɓe Rewɓe.Eklesiyaaji keewɗi keɓii pecce dekoraasiyoŋ ɗe Bryden waɗi. O waɗii panel ngam hirsirde eklesiya to Brede to Sussex e nate tati ngam eklesiya to Highgate, sara galle makko Hampstead. Natal Bryden mo Frederick Courtney Selous waɗi e hitaande 1935 ina woni e nder defterdu galle natal ngenndiwal to Londres. Musiyum hare laamɗo ina jogii kadi natal Selous mo Bryden waɗi.<ref name="SGray">{{cite book|author=Sara Gray|publisher=The Lutterworth Press|year=2009|title=The Dictionary of British Women Artists|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofbrit0000gray|isbn=97807-18830847}}</ref><ref name="NPGomb">{{cite web|author=|url=https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/personExtended/mp06740/olivia-mary-bryden?role=art|title=Catalogue Olivia Mary Bryden|date=|accessdate=29 March 2020|work=National Portrait Gallery}}</ref><ref name="S&C">{{cite book|author1=Brian Stewart|author2=Mervyn Cutten|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=1997|title=The Dictionary of Portrait Painters in Britain up to 1920|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofbrit0000stew|isbn=1-85149-173-2}}</ref><ref name="IWMomb">{{cite web|author=|url=https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/3770|title=Captain F C Selous|date=|accessdate=29 March 2020|work=Imperial War Museum}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> pojquvgw7h9xttzmtnxs5zrzxc43mw0 0 40505 180853 165944 2026-08-04T21:42:42Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180853 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Edith Lovell Andrews''' (7 noowammbar 1886 – 1980) ko pentoowo e naalanke pawoowo Angalteer. == Nguurndam == Andrews jibinaa ko to wuro wiyeteengo Newport, o janngi ko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Forest Gate. O janngi to duɗal naalankaagal Worcester tuggi 1903 haa 1907, caggal ɗuum o janngi to duɗal naalankaagal Glasgow fotde duuɓi ɗiɗi hade makko yahde duɗal naalankaagal Heatherley to Londres haa 1914. O fentii leydi e nate puɗi e kolooruuji ndiyam e tempera. Andrews kadi waɗii afiseeji e tempera, binndi pawɗi e golle e dow vellum. Andrews hollitii ko heewi e koolol hakkunde leyɗeele, to Kanadaa e to Stockholm e Turin, e kadi to Angalteer, teeŋti noon to St Ives ɗo o hoɗi ɗoo. O suɓaama e fedde naalankooɓe St Ives, o waɗii koolol gootol e hitaande 1957. Musiyum Angalteer ina jogii yeruuji golle makko.<ref name="SG0019">{{cite book|author=Sara Gray|publisher=Dark River|year=2019|title=British Women Artists. A Biographical Dictionary of 1000 Women Artists in British Decorative Arts|isbn=978-1-911121-63-3}}</ref><ref name="GMWaters">{{cite book|author=Grant M. Waters|publisher=Eastbourne Fine Art|year=1975|title=Dictionary of British Artists Working 1900–1950|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofbrit0000wate_w1d0}}</ref><ref name="BuckmanVol1">{{cite book|author=David Buckman|publisher=Art Dictionaries Ltd|year=2006|title=Artists in Britain Since 1945 Vol 1, A to L|isbn=0-953260-95-X}}</ref><ref name="GSAela">{{cite web|url=https://gsaarchives.net/collections/index.php/andrews-edith-lovell|title=Andrews, Edith Lovell|access-date=14 January 2020|work=Glasgow School of Art Archives and Collections}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> pqivlkd59njbotokweume2rccwv67j2 0 40507 180837 165960 2026-08-04T21:22:34Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180837 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Joan Elizabeth Baker''' (1922–7 abriil 2017) ko pentoowo e jannginoowo naalankaagal Angalteer. O jannginii pentugol to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Cardiff tuggi 1945 haa 1983, ko kanko woni debbo gadano ardineede departemaa naalankaagal mawɗo to Galles. O janngi ko e duɗal Howell, Llandaff, caggal ɗuum duɗal naalankaagal Cardiff gila 1939, o janngi e les njiimaandi Evan Charlton e Ceri Richards. Baker timminii kuuɗe ɗuuɗɗe ngam waɗugo kuuɗe, haa teeŋti ngam Cardiff Overseas Club nder hitaande 1946 e haa janngirde lesre Ely nder hitaande 1952. O holli ko seɗɗa, amma o tawtoraama goɗɗi fijirle kawtalji, bana naalankooɓe Cardiff jeego'o nder hitaande 1953 haa Cardiff e, kadi haa Artwanvi e hitaande 1955. Ko ɓuri tiiɗde e janngingol, almuɓɓe makko ina njeyaa heen Ernest Zobole. Caggal nde o woppi jaŋde e hitaande 1984, Baker jokki e pentugol e hollirde. O sankii ko e hitaande 2017, omo yahra e duuɓi 94, e nder galle mo o jibinaa oo.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2017/apr/25/joan-baker-obituary|title=Joan Baker obituary|author=Ceri Thomas|date=25 April 2017|work=The Guardian|access-date=3 October 2017|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/lifestyle/showbiz/joan-baker-set-first-solo-2063417|title=Joan Baker set for first solo show in 65 years|date=4 December 2009|work=WalesOnLine|access-date=3 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://golwg360.cymru/celfyddydau/celf-weledol/261768-marwr-artist-joan-baker-yn-94-oed|title=Marw'r artist, Joan Baker, yn 94 oed|work=Golwg360|access-date=2017-10-03|language=cy-GB}}</ref><ref name="PLord2000">{{cite book|author=Peter Lord|author-link=Peter Lord (art historian)|publisher=University of Wales Press, Cardiff|year=2000|title=The Visual Culture of Wales: Imaging a Nation|isbn=0708315879|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/imagingnation0000lord}}</ref><ref name="PostWales">{{cite book|author=Peter W Jones & Isabel Hitchman|publisher=Gomer Press|year=2015|title=Post War to Post Modern:A Dictionary of Artists in Wales|isbn=978-184851-8766}}</ref><ref name="DBuckman">{{cite book|author=David Buckman|publisher=Art Dictionaries Ltd|year=1989|title=Artists in Britain Since 1945|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofarti0000buck|isbn=0953260909}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewbe]] aox22fldmb1lk4651t62mh255066lhk 0 40508 180907 165966 2026-08-04T22:37:51Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180907 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Felicity Ursula Hartland Charlton''' (1913 – 18 marse 2009) ko naalanke Angalteernaajo ganndiraaɗo hawrude e geɗe goonga e geɗe teskinɗe e nder nate mum keewɗe ko wayi no nate e nder gesaaji. Hay so o jibinaa ko to Bristol, Charlton ko ɓuri heewde e nguurndam makko ko e golle to Galles. == Nguurndam == Felicity Ursula Hartland Charlton jibinaa ko e hitaande 1913 to nokku biyeteeɗo Clifton to wuro Bristol, o janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal hirnaange Angalteer to wuro ngo. Ko ɗoon o hawri e jom suudu makko garoowo, naalanke biyeteeɗo Evan Charlton, jannginoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ngal.Charlton ummiima to Galles e hitaande 1938, e nder wolde adunaare ɗimmere fof o golliima toon e ndema. Caggal wolde ndee, o fuɗɗii golle makko naalankaagal, o tawtoraama eɓɓooji keewɗi e nder pelle. Ina jeyaa e ɗeen koolol 1949 ngol Diiso Naalankaagal Welsh waɗi Nate capanɗe joyi e Naalankooɓe Welsh hannde, Koolol Fedde 1951 ngol Naalankooɓe Welsh hannde mbaɗi e koolol Defterdu Ngenndiwal Galles ngol Naalanke to Galles ngol njilluuji mum mbaɗi e nder hitaande 1952 show9a1, A3. Bath e hitaande 1989 e hitaande 1991 fof e, e hitaande 1993, ƴeewndo caggal leydi to galle defte Newport e galle ñeeñal rewi heen. O hollitii kadi e fedde Galles Sud e nder Eisteddfod ngenndiijo Galles. Evan Charlton kadi tuugnii ko e golle mum to Galles, ko jannginoowo naalankaagal to Cardiff, kamɓe ɗiɗo ɓe mbaɗii kollirɗe keewɗe ɗe ɓe kawri. Ina jeyaa e ɗeen ƴeewndo mawngo, Evan e Felicity Charlton : Nate 1937-86 to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde laamɗo hirnaange Angalteer to Bristol. Golle Felicity Charlton ina njooɗii e galleeji defte Newport, e galleeji ñeeñal Glynn Vivian to Swansea e galleeji ngenndiiji Cardiff. Koolol naalankaagal New Hall to Cambridge e Fedde Naalankaagal hannde ngam Wales ina njogii kadi yeruuji. Charlton sankii ko ñalnde 18 marse 2009. Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Cardiff ina rokka hitaande kala njeenaari, njeenaari Evan e Felicity Charlton, ngam siftorde jom suudu oo.<ref name="BuckmanVol1">{{cite book|author=David Buckman|publisher=Art Dictionaries Ltd|year=2006|title=Artists in Britain Since 1945 Vol 1, A to L|isbn=0-953260-95-X}}</ref><ref name="Spalding">{{cite book|author=[[Frances Spalding]]|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=1990|title=20th Century Painters and Sculptors|url=https://archive.org/details/20thcenturypaint0006spal|isbn=1-85149-106-6}}</ref><ref name="PostWales">{{cite book|author1=Peter W Jones|author2=Isabel Hitchman|publisher=Gomer Press|year=2015|title=Post War to Post Modern: A Dictionary of Artists in Wales|isbn=978-184851-8766}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Charlton, Felicity|url=https://museum.wales/art/online/?action=show_works&item=939&type=artist|website=Art Collections Online|publisher=[[Amgueddfa Cymru – Museum Wales]]|accessdate=7 May 2019}}</ref><ref name="NHall">{{cite web|author=|url=https://www.art.newhall.cam.ac.uk/artist/felicity-charlton/|title=Felicity Charlton|date=|accessdate=5 December 2018|work=New Hall Art Collection|archive-date=5 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181205193717/https://www.art.newhall.cam.ac.uk/artist/felicity-charlton/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> j29foxo58nionundmofuafzlwzxxzwb 0 40529 181097 166028 2026-08-05T02:11:37Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181097 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Ester Margaret Grainger''' (1912-1990) ko naalanke e jannginoowo Galles. == Nguurndam == Grainger jibinaa ko to Cardiff, o naati duɗal naalankaagal Cardiff tuggi 1928 haa 1934. Nde o woni almuudo o rokki rewɓe e nder renndooji ministeeruuji nokkuuji ɗii janngirɗe karallaagal, tuggi 1934 haa 1946, o golliima e jannginoowo to Diiso ngenndiijo ngam golle renndoyankooje e yuɓɓinde jaŋde pentugol e kollirɗe Poprith Wattle. Ko ɗoon Grainger hawri e Cedric Morris, e hitaande 1942, o waɗi heen sahaaji e duɗal makko to bannge pentol e diidi to Angalteer fuɗnaange. Postooji jannginirɗi keewɗi rewi heen wonande Grainger. Tuggi 1946 haa 1950 o jannginii to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde sukaaɓe rewɓe Caerphilly, caggal ɗuum e njuɓɓudi jaŋde Cardiff haa 1960 caggal ɗuum, tuggi 1960 haa 1975 to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde jaŋde Cardiff. E nder nguurndam makko janngingol, Grainger ko naalanke tiiɗɗo, keewɗo hollirde golle mum e nder nokkuuji Galles. Golle makko njeeyaama e yeeyooɓe pecce e 57-604 dolaar tawi coggu ɓurngu heewde ko 604 dolaar e pecce ɗiɗi ; Orchard e nder Duujal e Kaaƴe e Leɗɗe. Ko noon kadi e nate e nate leydi e mahaaɗe Wels o waɗii kadi golle mbaylaandi e kaligrafi. Ko kanko wonnoo yuɓɓinoowo koolol naalankaagal to Eisteddfod ngenndiijo 1950 to Galles, kadi ko kanko woni kollirgol e Eisteddfod hitaande kala e nder kitaale 1950 fof. Golle Grainger peeñii e koolol keewngol pelle njilluuji yuɓɓinaaɗe e Diiso Naalankaagal Galles. O woniino tergal, e koolaaɗo kuuɓal e, fedde Galles Sud e Fedde Watercolor Galles. Koolol solowol keewngol ina jeyaa heen kollirɗe to suudu defte Newport e galle naalankaagal e hitaande 1954, to galle naalankaagal Canaletto e hitaande 1968, kollirɗe caggal to Minories to Colchester e hitaande 1973, to defterdu ngenndiijo Galles e hitaande 1975, to galle naalankaagal Oriel to Cardiff e hitaande 1968 1990. Ko noon kadi e Diiso Naalankaagal Galles, Musée National Cardiff e Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Galles Sud ina njogii yeruuji golle naalankaagal Grainger.<ref name="BuckmanVol1">{{cite book|author=David Buckman|publisher=Art Dictionaries Ltd|year=2006|title=Artists in Britain Since 1945 Vol 1, A to L|isbn=0-953260-95-X}}</ref><ref name="PostWales">{{cite book|author1=Peter W Jones|author2=Isabel Hitchman|publisher=Gomer Press|year=2015|title=Post War to Post Modern: A Dictionary of Artists in Wales|isbn=978-184851-8766}}</ref><ref name="Spalding">{{cite book|author=[[Frances Spalding]]|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=1990|title=20th Century Painters and Sculptors|url=https://archive.org/details/20thcenturypaint0006spal|isbn=1-85149-106-6}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Esther Grainger-Esther Grainger is a Postwar & Contemporary artist.|url=https://www.mutualart.com/Artist/Esther-Grainger/F4CCBC2222A4972D|access-date=January 1, 2024|website=Mutual Art}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> qcdgeulb8gv1475herlhabzpc5j8ie2 0 40532 181020 166036 2026-08-05T00:55:03Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181020 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Lilian Elizabeth A Griffith''' (14 sulyee 1877 – 1972) ko naalanke Angalteernaajo, pentuɗo nate tokoose e sosde nate e nate bustaaji, nate e medaluuji. == Nguurndam == Griffith jibinaa ko to Abersychan to Monmouthshire, o janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Wimbledon, to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Slade e to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Westminster ɗo o janngi seppooji e les njiimaandi naalankooɓe Alfred Gilbert e Alfred Drury. O waɗii nate e nate bustaaji, ko heewi heen ko marbere walla njamndi, plaques e medallions e miniature pentirɗe. Tuggi 1902 haa 1959 Griffith ina heewi waɗde golle kollitooje to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde laamɗo to Londres. O hollitii kadi e nder galle naalankooɓe Farayse to Pari e hitaande 1911 e nder galleeji keewɗi to Angalteer, ina jeyaa heen galle ñeeñal Walker to Liverpool. O hollitii kadi e fedde naalankaagal to Galle du Sud hakkunde 1927 e 1936. Griffith kadi jannginii naalankaagal tokosal to duɗal naalankaagal Swansea e ngam Diiso diiwaan Glamorgan. Duuɓi juutɗi o hoɗi ko to Hengoed to Glamorgan kono kadi to Maesteg e Pentre. Musium ngenndiijo Cardiff ina jogii yeruuji golle makko.<ref name="BuckmanVol1">{{cite book|author=David Buckman|publisher=Art Dictionaries Ltd|year=2006|title=Artists in Britain Since 1945 Vol 1, A to L|isbn=0-953260-95-X}}</ref><ref name="Mackay">{{cite book|author=James Mackay|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=1977|title=The Dictionary of Western Sculptors in Bronze|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofwest0000mack}}</ref><ref name="SG0019">{{cite book|author=Sara Gray|publisher=Dark River|year=2019|title=British Women Artists. A Biographical Dictionary of 1000 Women Artists in the British Decorative Arts|isbn=978-1-911121-63-3}}</ref><ref name="GMWaters">{{cite book|author=Grant M. Waters|publisher=Eastbourne Fine Art|year=1975|title=Dictionary of British Artists Working 1900–1950|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofbrit0000wate_w1d0}}</ref><ref name="Benezit6">{{cite book|publisher=Editions Grund, Paris|year=2006|title=Benezit Dictionary of Artists Volume 6 Gemignani - Herring|isbn=2-7000-3076-1}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=University of Glasgow History of Art / HATII|url=https://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/person.php?id=msib1_1204730358|title=Miss Lilian E. Griffith|year=2011|access-date=30 July 2020|work=Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain & Ireland 1851–1951}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> fmjktwrwgg02moog8x60pcimj7s1mhs 0 40535 180842 166040 2026-08-04T21:26:29Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180842 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Rosa Gwenny Griffiths''' (25 suwee 1867 – 22 desaambar 1953) ko naalanke Galles ganndiraaɗo nate mum e nate puɗi. == Nguurndam == Griffiths jibinaa ko e nokku biyeteeɗo Druslyn to Swansea to fuɗnaange leydi Galles, o naati duɗal ganndal Swansea hade makko janngude to duɗal ganndal Slade to Londres ɗo Alphonse Legros janngini mo. Caggal nde o heɓi bak makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Slade, Griffiths janngi to Pari to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Julian e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Colarossi. O fuɗɗii hollirde ko to Londres e hitaande 1892 e fedde naalankooɓe Angalteer, o holliri natal ina wiyee Madame Chrysantheme, caggal ɗuum o woni e hollirde ko heewi e Akademi Laamɗo e Fedde Naalankooɓe Natal Laamɗo. Heen sahaaji o hollitii golle makko to Budapest to Salon Nemzeti e hitaande 1914 o waɗi golle kollitooje to Salon Pari. Griffiths wonnoo ko tergal e fedde rewɓe winndereere naalankaagal e nder hitaande 1906 e 1907 o woniino binndoowo tedduɗo fedde nde. O waɗii koolol gootol to galle ñeeñal Glynn Vivian to Swansea e hitaande 1922. Griffiths waɗii nate keewɗe maantiniiɗe. Ina jeyaa e ko o wonnoo e mum koo, debbo biyeteeɗo Margaret Lloyd George, mawɗo ñaawirdu Banks, jom suudu Hawarden e hoolaaɓe safrirde Swansea. Won ɗo Griffiths hoɗi to Cannes kono o waɗii dumunna wolde adunaare ɗiɗmere to Galles, caggal ɗuum o arti Farayse nde wolde ndee joofi. O sankii ko to Cannes ñalnde 22 desaambar 1953, omo yahra e duuɓi 86.<ref name="PostWales">{{cite book|author1=Peter W Jones|author2=Isabel Hitchman|publisher=Gomer Press|year=2015|title=Post War to Post Modern: A Dictionary of Artists in Wales|isbn=978-184851-8766}}</ref><ref name="Benezit">{{cite book|publisher=Editions Grund, Paris / Oxford University Press|year=2006|title=Benezit Dictionary of Artists|isbn=9780199773787}}</ref><ref name="Walpole">{{cite book|author=Josephine Walpole|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=2006|title=A History and Dictionary of British Flower Painters 1650-1950|url=https://archive.org/details/historydictionar0000walp|isbn=1-85149-504-5}}</ref><ref name="BritPort">{{cite book|author1=Brian Stewart|author2=Mervyn Cutten|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=1997|title=The Dictionary of Portrait Painters in Britain up to 1920|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofbrit0000stew|isbn=1-85149-173-2}}</ref><ref name="CWood">{{cite book|author=Christopher Wood|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=1978|title=The Dictionary of Victorian Painters|isbn=0-902028-72-3|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofvict00wood}}</ref><ref name="wawales">{{cite web|last1=Owen|first1=Mari Beynon|title=From Swansea to the Riviera|url=https://www.womensarchivewales.org/en/getfile/documents/Pressentations/Gwenny-Griffiths-Portrait-Painter.pdf|website=Women's Archive Wales|access-date=5 May 2019}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> dv6ncgtxua3km2k64jxmjr51jeoifb5 0 40537 180863 166043 2026-08-04T21:54:55Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180863 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Cicely Hey''' (1896-1980) ko naalanke Angalteernaajo ganndiraaɗo pentoowo, sewnde e waɗoowo nate. Hay so o jibinaa ko to Angalteer o waɗi ko heewi e nguurndam makko ko to leydi Galles. == Nguurndam == Hey jibinaa ko to Faringdon to Oxfordshire. O adii janngude naalankaagal to duɗal naalankaagal to Bruxelles, caggal ɗuum to Londres to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde naalankaagal e karallaagal e duɗal naalankaagal Slade. Ko wonaa golle pentoowo e diisnondiroowo, Hey kadi waɗii model e naalanke biyeteeɗo Walter Sickert pentiiɗo natal mum laabi keewɗi e fuɗɗoode kitaale 1920. Ɓe ɗiɗo fof adii hawrude ko e yeewtere Roger Fry e lewru Yarkomaa 1923 nde Hey moofti kaalis tikket. Hey jooɗii e Sickert ñalnde kala e nder lewru Yarkomaa e Feebariyee 1923 fof, o jokki yiyde mo e sahaa kala e nder renndo caggal ɗuum. Limre mawnde e nate e nate ɗe Sickert waɗi e Hey ina waɗi natal ɗiɗmal e maɓɓe ɗiɗo, Maayde e ɓiɗɗo debbo. Natal gadanal ngal Sickert waɗi ngam hollirde Hey, waɗi mo waɗde miñi mum debbo e nder deftere makko wiyeteende The Raising of Lazarus.Sickert rokki Hey nate keewɗe e nate ɗe o rokki galle ñeeñal Whitworth to Manchester ko juuti hade makko maayde. E oon sahaa Hey hawri e Sickert omo hoɗi e galle to Bloomsbury mo o renndini, e nder woɗɓe, Robert R. Tatlock, ganndo naalankaagal, gardiiɗo jaaynde Burlington ko juuti, mo o resi caggal ɗuum. Hey fuɗɗii hollirde e nder dingiral fedde e fedde Londres gila 1928, e fedde naalankooɓe hakkunde leyɗeele rewɓe, fedde naalankooɓe Engele keso e fedde naalankooɓe grafik.Koolol makko gadanol ko e hitaande 1933 to Galle Lefevre to Londres, ina waɗi nate binndooɓe e naalankooɓe ina jeyaa heen Sickert, Rebecan West e. E hitaande 1938 Hey hollitii natal Sir Adrian Boult to fedde Londres. E hitaande 1941 Hey ummiima to worgo Galles, o hoɗi to Llysfaen, o fuɗɗii waɗtude hakkille makko e waɗde model. O gollotoo ko e terakota, wire e kaayitaaji mache ngam sosde nate jamaanu tokoose keewɗe e koɗkiiji laaɓtuɗi e daartol.Yeruuji golle makko peeñninaama e Arts Council of Wales 1955 kollirgol njilluuji pentugol e seppooji Welsh hannde e o hollirii e fedde Bet59 to197 1961 Hey wonnoo ko holliroowo sahaa kala e nder koolol naalankaagal to Eisteddfod ngenndiijo Galles e hitaande 1964 o waɗi koolol gootol, Period Figures, to suudu defte Geffrye to Londres kadi ngol waɗii njilluuji.Centre naalankaagal Llanover Hall to Cardiff yuɓɓinii koolol naalankaagal makko e hitaande 1964 Swansea, Fedde Naalankaagal hannde ngam Wales e Museum nguurndam ladde Engele to Reading ina njogii pecce ɗe o winndi.<ref name="GMWaters">{{cite book|author=Grant M. Waters|publisher=Eastbourne Fine Art|year=1975|title=Dictionary of British Artists Working 1900-1950|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofbrit0000wate_w1d0}}</ref><ref name="PostWales">{{cite book|author=Peter W Jones|author2=Isabel Hitchman|publisher=Gomer Press|year=2015|title=Post War to Post Modern: A Dictionary of Artists in Wales|isbn=978-184851-8766}}</ref><ref name="MSturgis">{{cite book|author=Matthew Sturgis|publisher=Harper Collins|year=2005|title=Walter Sickert A Life|url=https://archive.org/details/waltersickertlif0000stur|isbn=0-00-257083-1}}</ref><ref name="WBaron">{{cite book|author=Wendy Baron|author2=Richard Stone|publisher=Royal Academy of Arts|year=1992|title=Sickert Paintings|isbn=0-300-05373-8}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> pckjetgbib96vj535ru286qclf86j7m 0 40541 180899 166061 2026-08-04T22:27:27Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180899 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Lucy Gwendolen Williams,''' ganndiraaɗo kadi Gwen Williams (27 desaambar 1870 – 11 feebariyee 1955) ko sehil e pentoowo Angalteer, iwdi galle Williams to Highfield Hall to Flintshire. == Ngendam == Lucy Gwendolen Wiliyam jibinaa ko to wuro Bebington les, to leydi Cheshire, to galle diineyanke biyeteeɗo Henry Lewis Wiliyam, gardinooɗo Bleasely e debbo mum Katherine. E kitaale 1890 o janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Wimbledon e les njiimaandi Alfred Drury, caggal ɗuum o arti to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Royal ɗo o janngini porfeseer Édouard Lantéri. Hay so tawii kadi omo fenta kolooruuji ndiyam e relief, golle makko ɓurɗe teeŋtude ko e njamndi walla e marbere, ina waɗi nate, bustaaji e koye sukaaɓe. Nafooje Williams ina jeyaa heen gardeeji e teosofi kadi o wonnoo ko tergal e fedde teosofi Brighton e Hove. O maayi ko to Buxton e hitaande 1955. == Kugal == E nder golle makko, ɗe o waɗi ko ina tolnoo e duuɓi 40, Williams ɓuri wonde ko to Londres hay so tawii o waɗii duuɓi 8 walla 9 to Rome gila 1910, ina gasa tawa kadi o golliima to New York ko juuti. E hitaande 1893, nde o woni janngoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Wimbledon, won e golle makko kolliraama to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde laamɗo, o fotnoo ko jokkude hollirde ɗoo haa hitaande 1935. Golle makko kolliraama kadi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde laamɗo Ecoppi, to salon Pari e to Rome e New York. O waɗii kadi koolol gootol to Brook Street Gallery to Londres e hitaande 1935. Njeenaaje Williams ina mbaɗi medayuuji kaalis to Eisteddfod ngenndiijo Galles e koolol Farayse-Angalteer e medayuuji njamndi Santiago. Patrons makko keeriiɗo ina jeyaa heen laamɗo debbo biyeteeɗo Alexandra mo Denmark, laamɗo debbo biyeteeɗo Margherita mo Italie tawi yeruuji golle makko to Angalteer ina njeyaa heen nate ɗiɗi njamndi mboɗeeri to Leeds e gooto to Liverpool. Pecce tippudi, tiitoonde mum ko ‘Laamɗo koyɗol’, ko suudu defte Victoria e Albert to Londres, ina hollita batte Alfred Drury. Pecce ɗee mbaɗiraa ko mbaydi zinc, Spelter, ndi heewnoo huutoreede ko e mbaydi ɓurndi hoybude e njamndi. Musiyum ngenndiijo Galles to Cardiff ina jogii nate tati, The Chase, The Stick e Jeanette, yeruuji goɗɗi ina njogii defte ngenndiije Galles to Aberystwyth. E hitaande 1926 Williams yamiraa yo waɗ bust Robert Owen mo njamndi mboɗeeri ina hollira e nder galle mooftirɗo nguurndam makko to Newtown, Powys.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|author=University of Glasgow History of Art / HATII|url=https://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/person.php?id=msib1_1203424401|title=Lucy Gwendolen Williams|year=2011|access-date=9 May 2017|work=Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain & Ireland 1851–1951}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whowaswho/U244502|title=Who's Who|website=www.ukwhoswho.com|language=en|access-date=2017-05-09}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book|title=Dictionary of British Women Artists|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofbrit0000gray|last=Gray|first=Sara|publisher=Lutterworth Press|year=2009|location=Cambridge|pages=[https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofbrit0000gray/page/n286 285]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://artuk.org/discover/stories/a-look-at-britains-neglected-professional-women-sculptors|title=A look at Britain's neglected professional women sculptors|date=11 January 2022|author=Pauline Rose|website=[[Art UK]]|access-date=23 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.victorianweb.org/sculpture/williamslg/7.html|title=The Stick by Gwendolen Williams, ?-1955|website=www.victorianweb.org|access-date=2017-05-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.robert-owen-museum.org.uk/collection|title=The Collection|website=Robert Owen Museum|access-date=9 May 2017}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewbe]] ix9yh7dqdx5deabjdkaj349oaatfdpf 0 40550 180803 166090 2026-08-04T20:45:53Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180803 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Helen Victoria Mackay''' (2 abriil 1897 – 1973) ko karallo ko faati e ñeeñal Angalteer. == Nguurndam == Mackay jibinaa ko to wuro Kardif, to leydi Galles. Baaba makko, ko golloowo e laana njoorndi, jom kaaƴe, maayi ko nde o woni cukalel, o acci Mackay, yumma makko ina mawnina ɗum to Galles. O naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde rewɓe Cheltenham hade makko janngude to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Regent Street Polytechnic to caka wuro Londres ɗo o dañi medayuuji keewɗi ngam nate makko. Caggal nde o heɓi bak makko, o sosi suudu (studio) to Londres ɗo o feewnata nate mbaylaandi, nate daabaaji, nate jarde e nate bustaaji e njamndi, kaaƴe, njamndi mboɗeeri e leɗɗe. E nder golle makko, Mackay hollitii golle mum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde laamɗo to Londres, e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde laamɗo Glasgow, to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ecoppi to Edinburgh, e fedde rewɓe naalankooɓe e to galle naalankooɓe Walker to Liverpool. E hitaande 1932 o suɓaama tergal fedde Royal Society of the British Sculptors, o suɓaama kadi tergal fedde nde e hitaande 1952.Mackay sankii ko to Fulham to London e hitaande 1973.<ref>{{cite web|author=University of Glasgow History of Art / HATII|url=https://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/person.php?id=msib1_1204717278|title=Miss Helen Victoria Mackay|year=2011|access-date=26 October 2021|work=Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain & Ireland 1851–1951|archive-date=22 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522004341/https://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/person.php?id=msib1_1204717278|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="SG2019">{{cite book|author=Sara Gray|publisher=Dark River|year=2019|title=British Women Artists. A Biographical Dictionary of 1000 Women Artists in the British Decorative Arts|isbn=978-1-911121-63-3}}</ref><ref name="BuckmanV2">{{cite book|author=David Buckman|publisher=Art Dictionaries Ltd|year=2006|title=Artists in Britain Since 1945 Vol 2, M to Z|isbn=0-953260-95-X}}</ref><ref name="Mackay">{{cite book|author=James Mackay|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=1977|title=The Dictionary of Western Sculptors in Bronze|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofwest0000mack|isbn=0902028553}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> s6r6ky5trl9o5tvvi4r81dz2sokeckm 0 40553 180960 166100 2026-08-04T23:39:00Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180960 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Doris Lexley Margaret Lindner''' (8 sulyee 1896 – 1979) ko seppo Angalteer, keɓtinaaɗo e tafde nate kullon e colli. == Nguurndam == Lindner jibinaa ko to Llanyre to cakkital leydi Galles, o waɗi cukaagu makko ko to Winchester. Yumma makko ko Welsh, baaba makko ko Engeleejo, ɓesngu nguu ina joginoo ngalu keewngu ngam gollinde gollotooɓe heewɓe. Lindner janngi ko e duɗal pentugol daabaaji ngal William Frank Calderon ardinoo to Londres, caggal ɗuum to duɗal ganndal Saint Martin to caka Londres hade mum timminde jaŋde mum to duɗal Angalteer to Rome. Lindner ko keɓtinaaɗo e sosde nate colli e daabaaji e kaaƴe, e pilaas, e njamndi e beton kadi heewɓe heen ko Royal Worcester feewni ɗum en e porselin. O waɗi kadi nate puccu e njamndi mboɗeeri laamɗo debbo biyeteeɗo Elizabeth ɗe Royal Worcester waɗi e mbaydi porcelain, kadi ko wayi no nate nguurndam ɗe kollitaama to Selfridges to London e nder mawningol ñalngu nguu e hitaande 1953. Lindner wonnoo ko holliroowo sahaa kala e nder duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde laamɗo to Londres, e nder duɗal laamɗo Glasgow ngam naalankooɓe, e nder fedde laamɗo naalankooɓe Angalteer e nder galleeji Leicester.O hollirii kadi e fedde Londres e fedde laamɗo naalankooɓe Angalteer. Ko ɓuri heewde e nguurndam makko Lindner hoɗi ko to Londres kono caggal ɗuum o hoɗi ko to Gloucestershire e to Addlestone to Sussex, o maayi to Maidstone to Kent.<ref name="SG2019">{{cite book|author=Sara Gray|publisher=Dark River|year=2019|title=British Women Artists. A Biographical Dictionary of 1000 Women Artists in the British Decorative Arts|isbn=978-1-911121-63-3}}</ref><ref name="Mackay">{{cite book|author=James Mackay|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=1977|title=The Dictionary of Western Sculptors in Bronze|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofwest0000mack|isbn=0902028553}}</ref><ref name="RoyalW">{{cite web|url=https://www.museumofroyalworcester.org/learning/research/workers-and-factory-owners/doris-linder/|title=Doris Lindner|website=Museum of Royal Worcester|access-date=2 September 2021}}</ref><ref name="BuckmanV1">{{cite book|author=David Buckman|publisher=Art Dictionaries Ltd|year=2006|title=Artists in Britain Since 1945 Vol 1, A to L|isbn=0-953260-95-X}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> tq0m2kduia33tt5hclaz3l6wkyv53ma 0 40555 180852 166106 2026-08-04T21:42:11Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180852 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Diemoth''' (e ɗemngal latin ko Diemudus, Diemut, Diemud, Diemuth, Diemod walla Diemudis) ko debbo jom suudu e nder galle laamorɗo Wessobrunn to Bavaria toowɗo, Almaañ, jibinaa ko hedde hitaande 1060, maayi ko ñalnde 30 marse, ina gasa tawa ko e hitaande 1130 ummorii ko e helmere Almaañ toownde hakkundeere firti ko "neɗɗaagal" walla "neɗɗaagal") == Nguurndam e golle == Ko seeɗa anndaa e nguurndam Diemoth keeriiɗo. Ko ɓuri heewde e kabaruuji keɓaaɗi ɗii tuugii ko e binndoowo nguurndam teeminannde sappo e jeegom. Ko heewi e ɗuum ina foti hiiseede ko lefol belngol wonaa goonga. E wiyde mbaydi aadaaji, o jibinaa ko e galle tedduɗo Bavarian walla Swabian, nde o woni cukalel ndee, o naati e nder galle laamorɗo Benediktin jokkondirɗo e galle laamorɗo Benediktin Wessobrunn. Ɗuum noon, ko famɗi fof, wonaa goonga, sibu dewal Wessobrunn ngal ko worɓe tan ngonnoo haa ko famɗi fof hitaande 1100. Rewɓe ɓee ƴettataa e koye mum en jannginde suka debbo gooto. Nii woni ina gasa tawa Diemoth naatii e dewal Wessobrunn ko mawɗo. Binndol makko laaɓtungol ina hollita seedeeji janngugol karallaagal, haa ina gasa tawa Diemoth arii e Wessobrunn so wonaa caggal golle tiiɗɗe e binndol karallaagal. Ganndal makko e ɗemngal Latin ina hollita wonde o janngi ko e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde eklesiya, ina gasa tawa ko duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ɗiɗmal to nokku goɗɗo e nder leydi Almaañ. Diemoth waɗi hoore mum e nder suudu jokkondirndu e ekkol, ɗo o waɗi heddiiɓe e nguurndam makko ko e duwaawu e binndol defte nafooje. Ngam binndol makko belngol no feewi, o inniri ɗum "binndoowo belɗo". O winndi ko ina wona defte capanɗe joyi, ɓurɗe teeŋtude heen ko: Biibal ngal; Moralia e golle goɗɗe ɗe San Gregori Mawɗo waɗi; golle jeeɗiɗi ɗe Sen Agustin waɗi; nayi ko Saint Jérôme; ɗiɗo e Orijen; e ko ina wona golle liturgique sappo e joy. Diemoth ko sehil mawɗo Herluka barkinaaɗo mo o wostondiri e mum ɓataakeeji keewɗi tawi ko ɗiɗaɓo oo ko recluse to monastery koɗdiiɗo Epfach. Ɓataakeeji ɗii ɓooyii reeneede e nder galle laamorɗo Bernried ɗo Herluka waɗi duuɓi mum cakkitiiɗi ɗii, kono ɗi mbeltiima no feewi e njiimaandi doole Suwed e nder wolde duuɓi capanɗe tati. Binndanɗe seeɗa ɗe Diemoth winndi e juuɗe ina keɓee haa jooni to suudu defte Bayerische to Munich, ɗo ɗe ƴettaa caggal nde Wessobrunn wonti diineeji e hitaande 1803. Diemoth wirnaa ko e basilika Laamɗo men to Wessobrunn, sara ɓalli Abbot Thiento e sehilaaɓe mum njeegomo, ɓe mbaraa e juuɗe Honngiri en e hitaande 955. E hitaande 1709, heddiiɓe e makko nawtaa to ekkol abbey St. Peter. Oon sahaaji ina wiyee "Barkitiiɗo", hay so tawii noon o meeɗaa heɓde teddungal e nder jamaanu, o meeɗaa kadi wonde beatified e dow laawol.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=[[Dictionary of Women Artists]]: Artists, J-Z|last=Gaze|first=Delia|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=1997|isbn=9781884964213|location=New York|page=[https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofwome01gaze/page/8 8]}}</ref><ref>{{Catholic Encyclopedia|wstitle=Diemoth}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Beach|first=Alison I.|authorlink=Alison Beach|title=Women as Scribes. Book Production and Monastic Reform in Twelfth-Century Bavaria.|url=https://archive.org/details/womenasscribesbo0000beac|series=Cambridge studies in palaeography and codicology, vol. 10.|publisher=Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press|date=2004|isbn=978-0-521-79243-1}}</ref><ref>The titles are given by Becker in his "Catalogi bibliothecarum antiqui" (Bonn 1885), pp. 155-136.</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> pdxf26ygu81alnnoc2jjuxeo57uhprp 0 40558 181057 166116 2026-08-05T01:34:17Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181057 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Margareta Karthäuserin''' ko debbo jom suudu e nder cagataagal teeminannde 15ɓiire to duɗal Dominik biyeteengal Sainte Catherine to Nuremberg, kadi ko binndoowo keewɗo humpito. E wiyde won daartiyankooɓe, Karthäuserin ina jeyaa e fedde nelaaɗo ummoraade Schönensteinbach ngam wallitde dewal Nuremberg e dille peewnugol Dominik. Defterdu Saint Catherine ina mawni no feewi, ina sikkaa ko kañum wonnoo defterdu ñamlude diiwaan Teutonia oo fof. Heewɓe e binndanɗe ɗe rewɓe ɓee ƴetti koye mum en, ina gasa tawa ko feccere e ko defterdu nduu joginoo. Karthäuserin ina hiisee wonde gooto e binnditagol ɓurngol waawde binnditagol e nder binnditagol rewɓe capanɗe tati e ɗiɗo e nder oon nokku ɗo inɗe mum en nganndiraa e daartiyankooɓe. E wiyde C. G. von Murr, hakkunde duuɓi 1458 e 1470, o winndi defte koral mawɗe jeetati ɗe e duuɓi garooji ɗii mbaawi taweede e defterdu wuro Nuremberg. Gaa gaa ɗuum, o winndi kadi deftere wiyeteende “Pars Aestivalis” (1463) e “Pars Hiemalis”. Ko sakkitii koo, koppiraa ko e ballal debbo goɗɗo ummoriiɗo e oon nokku, hono Margareta Imhof (1452). Karthäuserin ina jeyaa e 999 rewɓe teskinaaɓe ɓe inɗe mum en kollitaa e lowre ndonaandi (Heritage Floor) e nder yeewtere naalankaagal Judy Chicago, wiyeteende The Dinner Party (1979).<ref name="Taylor">{{cite book|last=Taylor|first=Jane|title=Women and the Book: Assessing the Visual Evidence|year=1997|publisher=University of Toronto Press|isbn=0-8020-8069-3|page=125|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ybP8CTC6Yi0C&dq=margareta+karthauserin&pg=PA128}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Taylor|first=Jane|title=Women and the Book: Assessing the Visual Evidence|year=1997|publisher=University of Toronto Press|isbn=0-8020-8069-3|page=129|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ybP8CTC6Yi0C&dq=margareta+karthauserin&pg=PA128}}</ref><ref name="Wilson">Wilson, Katharina M., and Nadia Margolis, eds. "Scribes and scriptoria." ''Women in the Middle Ages: an encyclopedia''. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2004, [https://archive.org/details/womeninmiddleage0000unse11_z7g1/page/834/mode/2up?q=Margareta+Karth%C3%A4userin p. 835]. (Internet Archive)</ref><ref name="Dodgson">{{cite book|last=Dodgson|first=Campbell|title=Catalogue of early German and Flemish woodcuts preserved in the Department of Prints and Drawings in the British Museum|url=https://archive.org/details/catalogueofearly01brit_0|year=1903|publisher=Printed by order of the Trustees|location=London|page=[https://archive.org/details/catalogueofearly01brit_0/page/140 139]|hdl=2027/mdp.39015015678140}}</ref><ref>"[https://website.brooklynmuseum.org/eascfa/dinner_party/heritage_floor/margareta_karthauserin Margareta Karthauserin]." Heritage Floor, ''The Dinner Party''. Brooklyn Museum. Accessed 5 Feb. 2023.</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> rcp8axqzk3caqcg2wdgmy1frmjo1ftb 0 40611 181056 166294 2026-08-05T01:32:45Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181056 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Ada Louise Powell''' (jibinaa ko Lessore ; marse 1882 – 30 suwee 1956) ko diisneteeɗo ceramik, kalifaandi e pentoowo Engele. O anndaa ko e darnde makko e Wedgwood e gollodaade e jom suudu makko Alfred Hoare Powell. == Nguurndam arano e nguurndam neɗɗo == Ɓesngu makko teddungu ina jeyaa heen mawniiko Émile Lessore, diisnondirɗo e juuɗe Wedgwood, e miñiiko debbo biyeteeɗo Thérèse Lessore. Baaba makko, hono Jules Lessore, kadi ina faarnoroo poɗɗe kono ko adii fof ko pentoowo geec, omo joginoo kollirɗe to Akademi laamɗo e Salon Paris. Powell janngii kaligrafi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal e karallaagal. "O wonti ganndo sanne, o anndaa no feewi, o yayni won e golle William Morris ɗe timmaani, o yaajtini nafoore makko e diidi paabi e pentugol mobelaaji Ernest Grimson". Ada noon ina joginoo jokkondiral daartol e nder galleeji mum e naalankaagal e Wedgwood, kono caggal nde baaba mum sankii e hitaande 1892, yahrude yeeso makko e naalankaagal ina gasa tawa ɓuri teeŋtude ko e hirjinde e nafooje yumma mum e banndiraaɓe mum. Debbo makko, Thérèse Lessore, ko pentoowo, sosɗo fedde Londres, kadi ko kanko fawnoo blankeeji Wedgwood e kitaale 1920 e miñiiko biyeteeɗo Frederick ko pentoowo natal, udditoowo Galle Beaux Arts. Ada Louise resi Alfred Hoare Powell ñalnde alkamiisa 6 suwee 1906, e nder golle maɓɓe seraaji, ɓe ƴetti gollondiral naalankaagal. == Kugal == Caggal dewgal makko e Powell, ɓe njokki golle maɓɓe e Wedgwood caggal nde ɓe cosi suudu maɓɓe e hitaande 1907 to 20 Red Lion Square to Bloomsbury, Londres. Wedgwood yiɗiino rokkude mbaydi kesiri ndi, caggal nde ndi heɓi nafoore, addani jom suudu oo heɓde kaalis feewde e suudu gollordu, wallidiiɓe ɗiɗo to Londres e suudu e nder usine Wedgwood. Toɓɓere maɓɓe ko ƴellitde geɗe naalankaagal e nder sosiyetee oo. Sifaa maɓɓe yahruɗo yeeso ko sosiyetee oo ɗaɓɓiri ɗum ngam waɗde golle keewɗe ɗe kawri e dille Naalankaagal e karallaagal. Won e golle maɓɓe ko jokkondire siyneede kono ko heewi e golle makko ko gooto gooto nde tawnoo o ɓuri yiɗde ko motifuuji kaligrafi e heraldik. Ɓeeɗoo ɗiɗo ina nganndiraa no feewi e fannu naalankaagal, ina kollita e kewuuji keewɗi ko wayi no : Koolol naalankaagal e karallaagal to Grafton Galleries, 1906 ; Koolol Hampstead, hitaande 1914; Koolol naalankaagal dekoraasiyoŋ Angalteer e Irlannda to Louvre, 1914 ; koolol Pari, 1925 kam e hitaande kala e nder suudu maɓɓe. Powell hollitii wonde naatgol diidi ɓooyɗi e teeminannde sappo e jeetatiire e nder mooɓondiral kesal Wedgwood jaɓɓaangal to Liverpool, ngal addani ɗum jaɓde ko heewi e yaajde, ngal hollitii wonde ngal waɗii nafoore njulaagu, tawi Staffordshire Sentinel ina haala heen ‘mbaydi kesiri ndi ɓe mbaɗi e mbaydiiji mbaylaandi’.[3 Patterns ina heen; ‘Vine’, ‘Leaf Oak’, e ‘Ribon et Wreath’ e ɗe njeeyaa e yeeyooɓe lolluɓe ko wayi no Dunbar Hay e Harrods. Ko ɓuri heewde e diidi makko ko pentirɗe juuɗe e ko heewi e nate makko ummorii ko e tagoore e mbaadi kaligrafi. Won e diidi makko ina caɗti no feewi, ina ɗaɓɓi waylo-waylo e juuɗe gardiiɗo naalankaagal e oon sahaa kono heewɓe mbeltiima heen no feewi.<ref name="Buckley">{{cite book|last1=Buckley|first1=Cheryl|title=Potters and paintresses : women designers in the pottery industry, 1870-1955|url=https://archive.org/details/potterspaintress0000buck|date=1990|publisher=Women's Press|location=London|isbn=0704342111|edition=1st publ.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Our Family Genealogy Pages: Ada Louise Lessore|url=http://www.halhed.com/t4r/getperson.php?personID=I6394&tree=tree1|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924024655/http://www.halhed.com/t4r/getperson.php?personID=I6394&tree=tree1|url-status=dead|archive-date=24 September 2015|website=Halhed Genealogy|accessdate=8 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Gater|first1=S|title=Alfred and Louise Powell- An Introduction|journal=Unpublished Paper- Wedgwood Museum}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> 9yx2azui68i5tlaaqk44bl5t9qr844g 0 40629 181037 166355 2026-08-05T01:12:40Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181037 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Midori Kono Thiel''' (jibinaa ko 7 suwee 1933 to Berkeley) ko kalifaandi Japonnaajo Ameriknaajo, jooɗiiɗo to Seattle. O mawni ko to Maui. O heɓi bakkaa makko e master makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kaliforni, to Berkeley. O waɗii koolol makko e nder galle defte De Young, to San Fransisko ; Musiyum ñeeñal wuro Tokiyoo; Musiyum ñeeñal Seattle; Musiyum ñeeñal Portland; Galle ñeeñal Henry, to Seattle; Koolol ñeeñal Cheney Cowles, to wuro wiyeteengo Spokane ; e nokku defte Wing Luke mo humpito Ameriknaajo Asii Pasifik, to Seattle. Koolol 2015 to Wing Luke Museum hollitii nate Kono e kalifaandi mum e kawral e naalankaagal ɓiyiiko debbo biyeteeɗo Tamiko. == Bibliografi e golle goɗɗe == * Tiel, Midori Kono (2002). "Ameriknaaɓe Japonnaaɓe to Fuɗnaange-rewo Pasifik". To Titon, ko Jef Todd; Karlin, Bob (winndinooɓe). Aadaaji jimɗi Amerik. Toɓɓere. 5 Miijo Amerik Latino e Asii Amerik. New York, New York: Ƴeewndo Schirmer. 94-95. OCLC 619654085, 249182979. * Tiel, Midori Kono (1984). Japon--ko ɓooyi e ko hannde. Toɓɓere. 4 Koolol Japon. Seattle, WA: Duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Seattle worgo. OCLC ko 43041267.<ref name="encyclopedia.densho.org Midori Kono Thiel">{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://encyclopedia.densho.org/Midori%20Kono%20Thiel/|title=Midori Kono Thiel|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia.densho.org|date=|author=|accessdate=September 15, 2015}}</ref><ref name="annexgalleries.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.annexgalleries.com/artists/biography/2355/Thiel/Midori|title=Midori Kono Thiel Biography|first=Patricia|last=Wakida|work=AnnexGalleries.com|accessdate=September 15, 2015}}</ref><ref name="They painted from their hearts">{{cite book|title=They painted from their hearts : pioneer Asian American artists|url=https://archive.org/details/theypaintedfromt0000unse|first1=Mayumi|last1=Tsutakawa|first2=Alan|last2=Chong Lau|authorlink2=Alan Chong Lau|first3=Kazuko|last3=Nakane|location=Seattle, WA|publisher=[[Wing Luke Museum of the Asian Pacific American Experience|Wing Luke Asian Museum]] & [[University of Washington Press]]|year=1994|isbn=9780295974309|oclc=31166995}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wingluke.org/constructs|title=CONSTRUCTS|date=|accessdate=September 17, 2015|website=Wing Luke Museum|publisher=|last=|first=}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> he3d15x4iqpvdv2fqw8qpgmztrd3549 0 40633 180943 166370 2026-08-04T23:18:55Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180943 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Yuan Xiaoyuan''' (25 suwee 1901 – 17 noowammbar 2003), jibinaa ko Yuan Xingjie, ganndiraaɗo kadi Milly Yuan e H K Yuan, ko dipolomaat Siin, ko politik, ko binndoowo, ko ganndo ɗemɗe, ko kalifaandi, ko naalanke, ko o jahroowo e duuɓi teemedere. O wonii debbo dipolomaat gadano Siin nde o woni cukko konsul to ammbasadeer Siin to Calcutta (Kolkata), to leydi Inndo tuggi 1943 haa 1945 e wolde adunaare ɗimmere. Yuan janngii to Farayse to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Toulouse, to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Pari, e Sciences Po. O jeyaa ko e galle ganndo lolluɗo, omo jeyaa e rewɓe Siin seeɗa e yonta makko heɓde jaŋde toownde e politik. Winndiyanke biyeteeɗo Yuan Jing (jibinaa ko Yuan Xingzhuang) ko miñiiko debbo, ganndo biyeteeɗo Yuan Xingpei ko ɓiy-yumma makko, hono no Yuan Xingshu, yumma winndiyanke Taiwannaajo biyeteeɗo Chiung Yao nii. Caggal luural hakkunde makko e Kuomintang e darorɗe kitaale 1940, o riiwaa e lannda kaa, o ummii Siin o fayti Amerik. O golliima to Sekretariyaa Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe, caggal ɗuum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Seton Hall. Caggal duuɓi capanɗe caggal leydi, o arti Siin, e hitaande 1985, o woppi ɓiyleydaagu makko Amerik. E kitaale 1970, Yuan sosi Fedde wiɗtooji ko faati e ƴellitgol alkule Sinuwaa, o suɓii binndol koolkisangol ngam Sinuwaa en, tawi ina waɗi 108 maande kuutorteeɗe ngam hollirde alkule, alkule, tonngooɗe, e no radikaluuji maanaa. E duuɓi makko cakkitiiɗi ɗii o waɗti heen hakkille makko e naalankaagal e kaligrafi. O sankii ko e hitaande 2003. E hitaande 2011, Galle ñeeñal Xiaoyuan (晓园艺术馆; 31,70°N 119,94°E) udditaa e galle taaniraaɓe makko to Changzhou, Jiangsu, ina hollira golle makko keewɗe e fotooje makko.<ref>{{cite book|last1=DeFrancis|first1=John|authorlink1=John DeFrancis|title=The Chinese Language: Fact and Fantasy|url=https://archive.org/details/chineselanguagef0000defr_g7y0|date=1984|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|location=Honolulu|isbn=0824810686|pages=[https://archive.org/details/chineselanguagef0000defr_g7y0/page/275 275]-277}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> 7vt5vabk02urdyz809sut0lcqbbns38 0 40650 181130 166444 2026-08-05T02:46:02Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181130 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Anna Mariya Arduino''' (1672-1700) ko laamɗo Itaali, jom renndo, pentoowo e binndoowo. Ko kanko woni laamɗo laamu Piombino e sahaa nde ɓiyiiko laamɗo Niccolò II Ludovisi woni pamaro e hitaande 1699-1700. == Ngendam == O jibinaa ko to wuro wiyeteengo Messina, to leydi Itali e hitaande 1672, to galle Giyovanna Furnari e Paolo Arduino, laamɗo Polizzi e markis Floresta. Ko o iwdi galle Notarbartolo, galle aristokraasi e nder tedduɓe Sisili. O winndi binndanɗe, o naati duɗal e innde Getilde Faresia. O resii e hitaande 1697 laamɗo Piombino, biyeteeɗo Giovan Battista Ludovisi (1647– 24 ut 1699) e ɓe ndañi ɓiɗɗo ina wiyee Niccolò II Ludovisi (hedde 1698–1699) e hoɗde to Rome. O naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Arkadiya (Accademia dell'Arcadia) e hitaande 1697. O winndi jimɗi e sonetuuji e ɗemngal latin e itaali e innde Getilde Faresia. Jom suudu makko maayi e hitaande 1699, lomto laamu nguu fawii e juuɗe Niccolò II Ludovisi fotde lebbi seeɗa, caggal maayde baaba makko, Anna Maria Arduino woni Regent e sahaa nde o woni suka. E ndeen hitaande kadi, e hitaande 1699 ɓiyiiko gorko maayi. Arduino maayi ko juuti caggal mum to Naples, Itali ñalnde 29 desaambar 1700 tawi omo yahra e duuɓi 28. O wirnaa ko e nder ekkol San Diego all'Ospedaletto, yanaande makko renndini ko e ɓiyiiko e yanaande ndee ina maantiniri ɗum en bas-reliefs ɗiɗi marbere ina kollita ɓiɗɗo oo e feccere njuuteendi s3 1704 ko Giakomo Kolombo.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Vittorini|first=Elio|title=Women of Messina|url=https://archive.org/details/womenofmessina00vitt|publisher=New Directions Publishing Corporation|others=Frances Frenaye (translator), Frances Keene (translator)|year=1973|isbn=9780811204965}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Grosso Cacopardo|first=Giuseppe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sstGAQAAIAAJ|title=Memorie de'pittori Messinesi|publisher=Forni|year=1972|isbn=9788827109267|series=Volume 31 of Italica Gens: Repertori di Bio-Bibliografia Italiana}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Fiume|first=Marinella|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IX5mAAAAMAAJ&q=Antonino+Mongitore+%22Anna+Maria+Arduino%22|title=Siciliane: Dizionario Biografico|date=2006|publisher=E. Romeo|isbn=978-88-7428-057-5|pages=195|language=it}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Donne in Arcadia (1690-1800)|url=http://www.arcadia.uzh.ch/donnedetails.php?id=13|access-date=2020-08-09|website=www.arcadia.uzh.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ardoini Lodovisi, Anna Maria|url=http://neww.huygens.knaw.nl/authors/show/4031|access-date=2020-08-09|website=New Women Writers}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2009|title=Giacomo Colombo|url=https://www.immacolataditorredelgreco.it/giacomo-colombo.html|access-date=2020-08-09|website=Immacolata di Torre del Greco}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Moral|first=Roberto Alonso|url=https://www.museobilbao.com/uploads/salas_lecturas/archivo_in-52.pdf|title=The Immaculate Conception by Giacomo Colombo, a sculpture in its Italian context|publisher=Bilbao Fine Arts Museum Foundation, Bilbao Museum of Fine Arts Foundation|year=2013|pages=6}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Borrelli|first=Gian Giotto|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KZ87AAAACAAJ|title=Sculture in legno di età Barocca in Basilicata|publisher=Paparo Edizioni|year=2005|isbn=9788887111385|language=It|trans-title=Baroque Wood Carvings in Basilicata}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewbe]] 44bk7t0wjni7ej72sg1rm7kf1ye086b 0 40669 181081 166521 2026-08-05T01:57:39Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181081 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Amalia Ciardi Duprè''' (1934 – 25 noowammbar 2024) ko sehilaaɓe e pentooɓe Itaalinaajo. == Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗagol == Ciardi Duprè ko taaniiko debbo mawniiko debbo biyeteeɗo Giovanni Duprè (1817-1882) e mawniiko debbo biyeteeɗo Amalia Duprè (1842-1928), mo nate mum Santa Reparata woni e yeeso Duomo Firenze. Amalia janngii to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal ñeeñal to Firenze, caggal ɗuum o heɓi humpito golle to Milan e to Rome. Fotde duuɓi sappo, o jannginii to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde naalankaagal Florence e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde naalankaagal to Porta Romana, omo yuɓɓina koolol naalankaagal keeringal to leydi Itali e caggal leydi. Ko o yi’i e joofnirde wolde adunaare ɗiɗmere nde addani ɓesngu makko dogde e galle maɓɓe, addani Amalia yiɗde wonde jamyanke. Nii woni, e kitaale capanɗe jeegom e jeeɗiɗi, o waɗii golle naalankaagal ngam ñiŋde hare, dorog e kala tooñannge nder winndere hannde ndee. Puɗɗagol hitaande 1966, o gollodiima e mahooɓe heewɓe ina jeyaa heen Luigi Bicocchi, Roberto Monsani, Rafaello Fagnoni e Pier Niccolò Berardi ngam sosde cirkooji pawaaɗi e mbaydiiji diine. Tuggi 1970 haa 1987, o golliima e nder jumaa tokooso San Lorenzo to Vincigliata, Firenze, ɗo o yiɗi hollirde « feccere diine e kala neɗɗo » sosde golle ɗe o inniri « Biibal ngam miskineeɓe ». == Golle e style == Golle Duprè ina tawee e ekkolaaji keewɗi, e nder laabi e nder jarneeji e nder winndere ndee kala. E nder pecce makko, ina woodi heen sara Settignano ; apse de Chiesa de Santa Mariya a Vincigliata ko fotde golle makko fof. Gooto e nate terracotta ɓurɗe mawnude e winndere ndee, ina hollira dille ummoraade e Alkawal Kesal e Alkawal Kesal. Seppooji ɗi Amalia Ciardi Dupré waɗi ɗii ina njaɓɓaa e nder jumaa San Bernardino to Borgunto, to Fiesole, ɗo naalankaagal hollirteengal ngal fof ko rewɓe tafi ɗum. Ko ɓuri heewde e golle makko ina kaala haala jibinannde e debbo. Ko o hoɗnooɗo to Toskaan, ko heewi e naalankaagal Amalia ina jogii batte e siwil Etrusk en. Heewɓe e golle makko ina njokkondiri e tiitooɗe diine kerecee en e iimanaagal. E lewru noowammbar 2015, Fooyre Ɓamtaare Amalia Ciardi Dupre udditi Musée CAD wonti nokku kollirɗo ko ina ɓura feccere teeminannde, ko ina wona feccere e teeminannde, ko ina wona feccere e teeminannde, ko ina wona feccere e teeminannde, ko ina wona feccere e teeminannde, ina waɗi nate e nate Dupre ɗe terakotaaji e njamndi mboɗeeri. Dupré sankii ko to Firenze ñalnde 25 noowammbar 2024, tawi ina yahra e duuɓi 89.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Fortune|first1=Jane|last2=Falcone|first2=Linda|title=When the World Answered: Florence, Women and the 1966 Flood|url=https://archive.org/details/whenworldanswere0000fort|date=2014|publisher=The Florentine Press|location=Florence}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.florin.ms/amaliadupre.html|title=Amaliadupre}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Martinelli|first1=Massimo|title=Amalia Ciardi Dupré. Le nostre radici in volo. Un'avventura artistica su un colle fiorentino|date=2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theflorentine.net/articles/article-view.asp?issuetocId=2499|title=Work of women sculptors living or working in the Florence area|date=4 October 2007|access-date=25 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929054838/http://www.theflorentine.net/articles/article-view.asp?issuetocId=2499|archive-date=29 September 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=AA.VV.|title=Amalia Ciardi Duprè|date=2006|publisher=Opere 2001-2006, Firenze}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=AA.VV.|title=Amalia Ciardi Duprè, Touran e il mistero etrusco|date=2010|location=Firenze}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=AA.VV.|title=Amalia Ciardi Duprè- Life and Death|date=2009|location=firenze}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=AA.VV.|title=Amalia Ciardi Duprè- Life and Death|date=2009|location=firenze}}</ref><ref>[https://www.firenzedintorni.it/it/amalia-ciardi-dupre.html Si è spenta a 89 anni Amalia Ciardi Duprè] {{in lang|it}}</ref><ref>[https://www.quotidiano.net/necro/necrologia/1230299/ Annuncio morte di CIARDI DUPRE AMALIA] {{in lang|it}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> s66ufcg93qtegtknume1foiy9d0c0yh 0 40697 180826 166642 2026-08-04T21:11:58Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180826 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Seniiɗo Akayikus''' mo Korintu (Gerek ɓooyɗo: Ἀχαϊκός Achaikos, "jeyaaɗo Akaiya")<ref name="OSB3">{{cite book|title=The Orthodox Study Bible|year=2008|publisher=Thomas Nelson|isbn=978-1-4185-7636-3|page=1822}}</ref>ko seniiɗo Kerecee'en Korintu mo fawaade e Biibal, wondude e Seniiɓe Fortunatus e Stephanas, nawdi ɓataake ummoraade e Korintu'en e Seniiɓe Pool feewde e Korintu'en feewde e Seniiɓe1 16:17;ƴeew kadi 16:15).<ref>{{CathEncy|wstitle=Achaicus}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Orchard|first=Bernard|date=1982|title=A Synopsis of the Four Gospels, in a New Translation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F3fJMgE-mcgC&q=Achaicus+of+Corinth&pg=PA49|publisher=Mercer University Press|page=49|isbn=9780865540248}}</ref> == Ngendam == E dow aadaaji ceniiɗi ɗi Eklesiya Ortodoks Fuɗnaange, <ref name="OSB4">{{cite book|title=The Orthodox Study Bible|year=2008|publisher=Thomas Nelson|isbn=978-1-4185-7636-3|page=1822}}</ref>Akaikus kadi ina heewi limteede e nder almuɓɓe capanɗe jeeɗiɗi, fedde almuɓɓe arandeeji ɓe Iisaa neldi e nder Luuka 10:17-20. Haala deftere nde limtaaki inɗe almuɓɓe cappanɗe jeeɗiɗi, ammaa limngal feere-feere hawtaade e Achaicus ɗon hawta diga teemerre 7th,<ref name="OSB">{{cite book|title=The Orthodox Study Bible|year=2008|publisher=Thomas Nelson|isbn=978-1-4185-7636-3|page=1822}}</ref><ref name="OSB2">{{cite book|title=The Orthodox Study Bible|year=2008|publisher=Thomas Nelson|isbn=978-1-4185-7636-3|page=1822}}</ref>bana nder deftere janngirde Orthodox.[5] Anndaaka so tawii Korintinaaɓe tato ɓee njahii haa Efesu, ko ina wona 1448 kiloomeeteer walla 900 kiloomeeteer, walla ko laana ndiwoowa tacci maayo Ege.<ref name="Metzger">{{cite book|last=Metzger|first=Bruce|title=New Testament Studies: Philological, Versional, and Patristic|url=https://archive.org/details/newtestamentstud0000metz|year=1980|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-06163-7|page=[https://archive.org/details/newtestamentstud0000metz/page/31 31]}}</ref> == Teddungal == Achaicus ina teddinee no seniiɗo e Eklesiya Ortodoks Fuɗnaange, Eklesiya Katolik Roma e ekklesiyaaji Kerecee'en goɗɗi. E nder Egliis Ortodoks, o siftortee ko e ñalngu juulde ñalnde 15 lewru juko, kanko e sehil makko Fortunatas.[5] O siftoraama kadi e Sinaksis nulaaɓe capanɗe jeeɗiɗi ñalnde 4 lewru Yarkomaa.<ref>{{CathEncy|wstitle=Achaicus}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Orchard|first=Bernard|date=1982|title=A Synopsis of the Four Gospels, in a New Translation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F3fJMgE-mcgC&q=Achaicus+of+Corinth&pg=PA49|publisher=Mercer University Press|page=49|isbn=9780865540248}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == smauhon7knbr22flr5jonm4om4867f5 0 40704 180993 166659 2026-08-05T00:15:32Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 8 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180993 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Batseba ko natal''' 1636-1637 ngal pentoowo barok biyeteeɗo Artemisia Gentileschi, e darnde Viviano Codazzi (mo penti mahdi ndii to dow nano natal ngal) e Domenico Gargiulo (mo penti e leydi ndii).<ref name=":14">{{Cite book|last=Christiansen|first=Keith|title=Orazio and Artemisia Gentileschi|url=https://archive.org/details/orazioartemisiag0000chri|date=2001|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|others=Judith Walker Mann, Orazio Gentileschi, Artemisia, or 1653 Gentileschi, Museo di Palazzo Venezia, Metropolitan Museum of Art, St. Louis Art Museum|isbn=1-58839-006-3|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/orazioartemisiag0000chri/page/416 416]|oclc=47650673}}</ref> Ina hollita debbo Hitiijo biyeteeɗo Batseba ina lootee, ina toppitii maccuɓe mum. To dow nano natal ngal, laamiiɗo Daawuuda yi’i mo diga suudu maako. Ko ɗum gooto e mbaydiiji jeeɗiɗi ummoraade e daartol Batseba ɗi Gentileschi penti.<ref name=":13">{{Cite book|last=Christiansen|first=Keith|title=Orazio and Artemisia Gentileschi|url=https://archive.org/details/orazioartemisiag0000chri|date=2001|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|others=Judith Walker Mann, Orazio Gentileschi, Artemisia, or 1653 Gentileschi, Museo di Palazzo Venezia, Metropolitan Museum of Art, St. Louis Art Museum|isbn=1-58839-006-3|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/orazioartemisiag0000chri/page/416 416]|oclc=47650673}}</ref> Natal ngal ina woni hannde e nder defterdu Columbus, to Ohio.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bathsheba, c. 1636-1637|url=https://www.columbusmuseum.org/embark-collection/pages/Obj754/|url-status=live|website=Columbus Museum of Art|date=27 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326120815/http://www.columbusmuseum.org:80/embark-collection/pages/Obj754/?|archive-date=26 March 2017}}</ref> == Kuje == Haala kaa, nde aadaaji mbiyata Batseba e nder lootorde mum, ummorii ko e deftere ɗiɗaɓere Samuwel, 2 Samuwel 11, nde siftini wonde nde Batseba lootata, laamɗo Daawuuda seediima kewu nguu gila e balkon galle mum. Daawuuda fiyi ɗoon e ɗoon e Batseba. O noddi mo e cuuɗi makko laamɗo, o jokki e seerndude mo e rimɗinde mo. E oon sahaa, Batseba ina resndi sooje gooto e nder konu Daawuuda. Maayde makko e wolde ina wiyee ko laamɗo Daawuuda e hoore mum yuɓɓini ɗum.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Cohen|first=H. Hirsch|date=1965|title=David and Bathsheba|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1459384|journal=Journal of Bible and Religion|volume=33|issue=2|pages=142–148|issn=0885-2758}}</ref> Ndeen Daawuuda resi Batseba, ɓiɗɗo maɓɓe jibinaa. Natal ngal ina hollita sahaa tigi rigi mo Daawuuda yi’i Batseba (Daawuuda ko 6icfcfo tokooso to dow nano natal ngal). Kono tan, ko ɓuri teeŋtude e nate ɗee ko Batseba calminaango nde o tawtoraa e maccuɓe makko.<ref name="Treves2">{{Cite book|last=Treves|first=Letizia|title=Artemisia|date=2020|isbn=978-1-85709-656-9|location=London|pages=214|oclc=1117638110}}</ref> == Firo == Won nanondiral mawngal wonde ngalɗoo natal ko e mbaadi Gentileschi cakkitiindi, nde o hoɗi Naples<ref name="Treves32">{{Cite book|last=Treves|first=Letizia|title=Artemisia|date=2020|isbn=978-1-85709-656-9|location=London|pages=214|oclc=1117638110}}</ref> e ɓurde tiiɗde e duɗal Bologne classicist ngal, ɓuri natal Caravaggist e nguurndam makko gadanal .<ref name=":122">{{Cite book|last=Christiansen|first=Keith|title=Orazio and Artemisia Gentileschi|url=https://archive.org/details/orazioartemisiag0000chri|date=2001|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|others=Judith Walker Mann, Orazio Gentileschi, Artemisia, or 1653 Gentileschi, Museo di Palazzo Venezia, Metropolitan Museum of Art, St. Louis Art Museum|isbn=1-58839-006-3|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/orazioartemisiag0000chri/page/416 416]|oclc=47650673}}</ref>Binndoowo nguurndam gooto mo teeminannde sappo e jeetatiire yahi haa waɗi jokkondire laaɓtuɗe hakkunde mbaydi Gentileschi e mbaydi pentoowo Bologne biyeteeɗo Guido Reni.<ref name=":02">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bvj0e_cx6PQC&q=artemisia&pg=PA414|title=Vite dei pittori, scultori ed architetti napoletani di Bernardo De Dominici: 3|date=1844|publisher=dalla Tipografia Trani|pages=414|language=it}}</ref> Won e daartiyankooɓe naalankaagal ina mbeltii e nate ɗee : Keith Christiansen wiyi ɗe "ina kollita mahngo softungo gooto e golle Artemisia ɓurɗe timmude".<ref name=":12">{{Cite book|last=Christiansen|first=Keith|title=Orazio and Artemisia Gentileschi|url=https://archive.org/details/orazioartemisiag0000chri|date=2001|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|others=Judith Walker Mann, Orazio Gentileschi, Artemisia, or 1653 Gentileschi, Museo di Palazzo Venezia, Metropolitan Museum of Art, St. Louis Art Museum|isbn=1-58839-006-3|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/orazioartemisiag0000chri/page/416 416]|oclc=47650673}}</ref> Letizia Treves winndi wonde "Artemisia dañii nafoore e caɗeele yuɓɓinde dingiral mawngal e limtooji keewɗi e nder dingiral ceertungal, o waɗi heen gooto e golle ɓurɗe timmude e mawngu makko."<ref name="Treves3">{{Cite book|last=Treves|first=Letizia|title=Artemisia|date=2020|isbn=978-1-85709-656-9|location=London|pages=214|oclc=1117638110}}</ref> Kono, Jesse Locker (mo limti natal ngal e kitaale 1640 wonaa laysbaths) wonde pasheter is of 1630 "nde gite hannde ɗee peeñata ko anodyne, timmuɗo no feewi."<ref>{{Cite book|last=Locker|first=Jesse|title=Artemisia Gentileschi : the language of painting|date=2015|isbn=978-0-300-18511-9|location=New Haven|oclc=877369691}}</ref> Firo woɗngo, ngo R. Ward Bissell winndi, ina hollita wonde Gentileschi’s adannde hollirde Bathsheba ina ñiŋa sifaa e nafooje aristokraasi en : « o naataani tawo e mbaydi aristokraasiyankoori ndi Bashebater e nder la jappeere e ndaarde ko yawti golloowo sakkata jeewte ina woodi doole hakkille ɗe ɓe ngalaa.” <ref>{{Cite journal|title=Artemisia Gentileschi-A New Documented Chronology|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3048529|journal=The Art Bulletin|date=1968|issn=0004-3079|pages=163|volume=50|issue=2|doi=10.2307/3048529|first=R. Ward|last=Bissell|url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Sarɗiiji pentugol == Natal ngal artiraama laabi ɗiɗi, e hitaande 1979 e hitaande 1996 kadi, feewni gonɗi tati e nder canngaaki.<ref name="Bissell 19993">{{cite book|last1=Bissell|first1=R. Ward|title=Artemisia Gentileschi and the authority of art : critical reading and catalogue raisonné|url=https://archive.org/details/artemisiagentile0000biss|date=1999|publisher=Pennsylvania State University Press|location=University Park, Pa.|isbn=9780271017877|pages=[https://archive.org/details/artemisiagentile0000biss/page/263 263]–266}}</ref>Kalitee pentol ngol ina hollita haa jooni yahdu jamaanu, kono. Nokkuuji yoga e nate ɗee ina njuuti, ina waɗi kadi ɓuuɓri keewndi e nder geɗe leydi natal ngal.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Christiansen|first=Keith|title=Orazio and Artemisia Gentileschi|url=https://archive.org/details/orazioartemisiag0000chri|date=2001|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|others=Judith Walker Mann, Orazio Gentileschi, Artemisia, or 1653 Gentileschi, Museo di Palazzo Venezia, Metropolitan Museum of Art, St. Louis Art Museum|isbn=1-58839-006-3|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/orazioartemisiag0000chri/page/416 416]|oclc=47650673}}</ref> == Iwdi mum == Joom natal gadanal winnditeede ko Luigi Rome, Baron San Luigi, Naples e kitaale 1740,<ref name="Bissell 19992">{{cite book|last1=Bissell|first1=R. Ward|title=Artemisia Gentileschi and the authority of art : critical reading and catalogue raisonné|url=https://archive.org/details/artemisiagentile0000biss|date=1999|publisher=Pennsylvania State University Press|location=University Park, Pa.|isbn=9780271017877|pages=[https://archive.org/details/artemisiagentile0000biss/page/263 263]–266}}</ref> kanko ne joginoo natal Susannah ngal Gentileschi winndi.<ref name="Treves">{{Cite book|last=Treves|first=Letizia|title=Artemisia|date=2020|isbn=978-1-85709-656-9|location=London|pages=214|oclc=1117638110}}</ref> Caggal nde o rewi e yeeyooɓe antique Roomnaaɓe, Colnaghi soodi natal ngal e hitaande 1962.<ref name="Bissell 1999">{{cite book|last1=Bissell|first1=R. Ward|title=Artemisia Gentileschi and the authority of art : critical reading and catalogue raisonné|url=https://archive.org/details/artemisiagentile0000biss|date=1999|publisher=Pennsylvania State University Press|location=University Park, Pa.|isbn=9780271017877|pages=[https://archive.org/details/artemisiagentile0000biss/page/263 263]–266}}</ref> Joom mum en hannde keɓi golle ɗee ko e Colnaghi e lewru feebariyee 1967.<ref name="IFS">{{cite web|title=Immunity From Seizure: Artemisia|url=https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/media/35279/artemisia-ifs-report_august-2020.pdf|website=The National Gallery, London|access-date=26 December 2021}}</ref> == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol golle Artemisiya Gentileski == Tuugnorgal == mlpqsjwxz3jsc4zvvgdygcae5hbygst 0 40847 180881 167229 2026-08-04T22:12:12Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180881 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Pauline Aitken''' (30 suwee 1893 –1958) ko naalanke, ñeeñoowo Angalteer. == Nguurndam == Aitken jibinaa ko to Accrington to Lancashire ɗo baaba mum wonnoo gardiiɗo wuro ngoo, kadi ko o awokaa to fedde Accrington. Aitken naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Manchester, o jokki jaŋde makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Chelsea e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Royal Akademi to Londres hade makko sosde suudu janngirdu to Upper Cheyne Row to Chelsea. Tuggi 1925 haa 1929 o hollitii nate njamndiije keewɗe, kollitooje rewɓe e nder dille, yeru, nate Dance e Bacchante, to Salon des Artistes Francais to Pari. O hollitii kadi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde laamɗo to Londres hakkunde 1918 e 1932, to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde laamɗo Ecoppi e wondude e fedde rewɓe naalankooɓe.<ref name="SG0019">{{cite book|author=Sara Gray|publisher=Dark River|year=2019|title=British Women Artists. A Biographical Dictionary of 1000 Women Artists in the British Decorative Arts|isbn=978-1-911121-63-3}}</ref><ref name="Mackay">{{cite book|author=James Mackay|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=1977|title=The Dictionary of Western Sculptors in Bronze|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofwest0000mack}}</ref><ref name="Benezit1">{{cite book|publisher=Editions Grund, Paris|year=2006|title=Benezit Dictionary of Artists Volume 1 A-Bedeschini|isbn=2-7000-3070-2}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> hlvinrifvlyfzv99we6a81bkb5w13cu 0 40849 180868 167236 2026-08-04T21:59:51Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180868 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Norah Marjorie Ansell''' (6 sulyee 1906 –1990) ko seppo Angalteer, ko ɓuri heewde e golle mum ko leɗɗe, ƴiye e njamndi. == Nguurndam == Ansell jibinaa ko to Wiltshire, o ƴetti jaŋde kikiiɗe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Birmingham, o woni e oon wuro ko ɓuri heewde e nguurndam makko, o hoɗi ko e nokku biyeteeɗo Edgbaston. O waɗii statuettes e busteeji pottital e geɗe keewɗe ko wayi no njamndi, leɗɗe e ƴiye. Ansell hollitii e Duɗal Naalankaagal Royal Glasgow e Akademi Royal to Londres e nder hitaande 1945 caggal ɗuum e Akademi Royal. Tuggi 1950 haa 1955 o woniino koolaaɗo kuuɓal e nder fedde rewɓe naalankooɓe.Ansell heɓi njeenaari e kawgel hakkunde leyɗeele e kollirgol nate Ivoire yuɓɓinaaɗe to New York to Galle Carlebach e hitaande 1953.<ref name="SG0019">{{cite book|author=Sara Gray|publisher=Dark River|year=2019|title=British Women Artists. A Biographical Dictionary of 1000 Women Artists in the British Decorative Arts|isbn=978-1-911121-63-3}}</ref><ref name="BuckmanVol1">{{cite book|author=David Buckman|publisher=Art Dictionaries Ltd|year=2006|title=Artists in Britain Since 1945 Vol 1, A to L|isbn=0-953260-95-X}}</ref><ref name="GMWaters">{{cite book|author=Grant M. Waters|publisher=Eastbourne Fine Art|year=1975|title=Dictionary of British Artists Working 1900–1950|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofbrit0000wate_w1d0}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> jgkou17hcnjfq0v2ezv1eprdbde9rps 0 40850 181143 167239 2026-08-05T02:56:05Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181143 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Vivien Mary ap Rhys Pryce jibinaa''' ko ñalnde 1 noowammbar 1937. ap Rhys Pryce waɗii golle renndo mawɗe, ina heen ɓulli, kadi o waɗii medayuuji e kaɓirɗe. Ko o tergal fedde laamɗoyankoore seppooji Angalteer. == Nguurndam == Foonnde Jardiin Rose, Nymans ap Rhys Pryce jibinaa ko to Woking to Surrey, tuggi 1955 haa 1957 o janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde wuro e nder wuro Londres, caggal ɗuum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Edinburgh e gardagol Eric Schilsky. E hitaande 1957 o heɓi bursi yah-ngartaa, njeenaaje goɗɗe njokki e hitaande 1961 e hitaande 1964 o heɓi njeenaari Feodora Gleichen ndi fedde laamɓe seppooɓe Angalteer rokki mo. ap Rhys Pryce wonti tergal fedde nde e hitaande 1965, o su6aa Fedde nde e hitaande 1972. E nder pucfcfingol kitaale 1960 ap Rhys Price jannginii naalankaagal to Dudal Ballet Elmhurst, caggal mum o joginoo posto jannginoowo to Dudal Karallaagal Twickenham hakkunde P7h900 e Works91 kolliraama e galleeji njulaagu keewɗi, teeŋti noon e Galle Jonathan Poole, kadi o meeɗii hollirde kadi e nder Akademi Laamɗo to Londres, to Duɗal Naalankaagal Laamɗo Glasgow, to Akademi Laamɗo Hirnaange Angalteer e wondude e New English Art Club. ap Komisiyoŋaaji renndo Rhys Pryce ina mbaɗi diisnondiral ngam medayuuji dingiral e Trofeeji ina heen ngam 1969 John Player Ligue Cricket e Trophy Ligue Rugby Players No.6. Komisariyaaji renndo ɓurɗi mawnude ina njeyaa heen : ɓuuɓri Minoprio to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Exeter e hitaande 1989 e ɓuuɓri Rose Garden to estaad Nymans to Sussex worgo. Musiyum leydi Nuwel Selannde Te Papa Tongarewa ina jogii kadi yeru golle makko.<ref name="AWindsor">{{cite book|author=Alan Windsor|publisher=Ashgate|year=2003|title=British Sculptors of the Twentieth Century|url=https://archive.org/details/britishsculptors0000unse|isbn=1-85928-4566}}</ref><ref name="BuckmanVol1">{{cite book|author=David Buckman|publisher=Art Dictionaries Ltd|year=2006|title=Artists in Britain Since 1945 Vol 1, A to L|isbn=0-953260-95-X}}</ref><ref name="Dolman1996">{{cite book|author=Bernard Dolman|title=Who's who in Art|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=98JPAAAAMAAJ|year=1996|publisher=Art Trade Press, Limited|isbn=978-0-900083-16-7|page=11}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> 98k29op7b68m85enao0itzlpro69tvu 0 40851 180839 167243 2026-08-04T21:24:33Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180839 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Felicity Katherine Sarah Askew''' (jibinaa ko 19 desaambar 1894) ko naalanke Angalteer, teskinɗo e nate mum e nate pucci. == Nguurndam == Askew jibinaa ko to Chelsea to Londres, to wuro John Bertram Askew e Frederika Luisa jibinaa ko to Dallas. Mawniiko ko Lietnaa-Kolonel. Joorji Dalas. O janngi ko e les njiimaandi Wiliyam Frank Kalderon, Maks Krus e Ernesto Bazzaro. Askew tabitinii hoore mum ko pentoowo e sehil e nder njamndi. Seppooji makko ko pucci e dingiral. O hollitii golle makko to Londres, to Galle ñeeñal Walker to Liverpool e to Pari, haa arti noon e Salon des Artistes Francais e hitaande 1926. O hollitii kadi golle makko to Almaañ, Itali e Amerik. Golle makko ɓurɗe anndeede ko « Sehilaaɓe golle », fedde pucci njamndi mboɗeeri, ummoriinde e hitaande 1926. Duuɓi keewɗi Askew hoɗi ko to Newmarket to Suffolk, caggal ɗuum, e kitaale 1920, to Berwick upon Tweed. Gila Berwick, o hollitii e galleeji keewɗi to fuɗnaange-rewo Angalteer e Ecoppi. Ina wayi no o woppi golle makko naalankaagal ngam ƴettude fijirde e kitaale 1950.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Dolman|first1=Bernard|title=Who's Who in Art|date=1927|publisher=Art Trade Press|page=8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2I9mAAAAMAAJ&dq=Felicity+Katherine+Sarah+Askew&pg=PA8|access-date=20 May 2023|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Benezit">{{cite book|publisher=Editions Grund, Paris|year=2006|title=Benezit Dictionary of Artists Volume 1 A-Bedeschini|isbn=2-7000-3070-2}}</ref><ref name="suff">{{cite web|url=https://suffolkartists.co.uk/index.cgi?choice=painter&pid=4059|title=Askew, Felicity Katherine Sarah|website=Suffolk Artists|access-date=3 September 2021}}</ref><ref name="Mackay">{{cite book|author=James Mackay|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=1977|title=The Dictionary of Western Sculptors in Bronze|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofwest0000mack|isbn=0902028553}}</ref><ref name="SG2019">{{cite book|author=Sara Gray|publisher=Dark River|year=2019|title=British Women Artists. A Biographical Dictionary of 1000 Women Artists in the British Decorative Arts|isbn=978-1-911121-63-3}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewbe]] 1ym60qimwevofj8ki54sg9qzmbmuvp6 0 40853 181005 167250 2026-08-05T00:34:08Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181005 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Benita Eleanora Armstrong''', jibinaaɗo Benita Jaeger caggal mum Lady Strauss, (1907-2004) ko sehil Biritaan ganndiraaɗo golle mum njamndi mboɗeeri. == Nguurndam == Armstrong jibinaa ko e galle yahuud en to Almaañ, o ummii o fayi Londres e hitaande 1926. To Londres o hoɗi ko e suudu dowri to Charlotte Street, duuɓi keewɗi omo jokkondiri e Clive Bell. Caggal nde ndeen jokkondiral joofi o hawri, e hitaande 1932, o resi naalanke Angalteernaajo biyeteeɗo John Armstrong. Benita Armstrong janngii e les njiimaandi sehil Vienne biyeteeɗo Georg Ehrlich, o heewnoo tawtoreede koolol pelle to Londres e nokkuuji goɗɗi kadi omo heewi jogaade golle naatɗe e koolol dabbunde Royal Academy. Koolol gootol golle makko yuɓɓinaama to Drian Galleries to Londres e hitaande 1981. Kanko e Armstrong ɓe ceerti, haa o dañi ɓiɓɓe ɗiɗo e George Strauss, gooto e politik lannda Labour, mo o resi caggal maayde debbo Strauss gadano biyeteeɗo Patricia e hitaande 1987.<ref name="Lambirth">{{cite book|author=Andrew Lambirth|publisher=Philip Wilson Publishers|year=2009|title=John Armstrong The Paintings|isbn=9780856676680}}</ref><ref name="Spalding">{{cite book|author=[[Frances Spalding]]|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=1990|title=20th Century Painters and Sculptors|url=https://archive.org/details/20thcenturypaint0006spal|isbn=1-85149-106-6}}</ref><ref name="AWindsor">{{cite book|author=Alan Windsor|publisher=Routledge|year=2003|title=British Sculptors of the Twentieth Century|url=https://archive.org/details/britishsculptors0000unse|isbn=1-85928-4566}}</ref><ref name="TDalyell">{{cite web|author=[[Tam Dalyell]]|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-lord-strauss-1490546.html|title=Obituary: Lord Strauss|date=9 June 1993|accessdate=18 September 2019|work=[[The Independent]]}}</ref> == Himobe== <references /> gco79ekvuiphevtjejvcqhs4fdyc2f9 0 40854 180866 167259 2026-08-04T21:58:26Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180866 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Li Lili''' (sinuwaa : 黎莉莉 ; 2 suwee 1915 – 7 ut 2005) ko fijoowo filmuuji e jimoowo Sinuwaa. Filmuuji makko Playthings, Laawol mawngol e Henndu e keerol ko filmuuji ɓurɗi lollude e kitaale 1930 e 1940 O wonnoo ko sahaa e sahaa fof ina wiyee "Mae West mo Siin".<ref name="Duan">Elaine Duan, [http://www.china.org.cn/wap/2011-08/15/content_23371358.htm Top 10 legendary Chinese women in the 1930s: Li Lili], China.org.cn, 2011-08-15. Retrieved 2012-05-06.</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Xiao|first1=Zhiwei|last2=Zhang|first2=Yingjin|title=Encyclopedia of Chinese Film|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XAeGAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA219|page=219|year=2002|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-74554-8}}</ref> Filmuuji makko « Giɗli ɓuuɓɗi » (1932), Pijirlooji (Pijirlooji tokoosi) (1933), Fajiri (1933), Laamɗo debbo fijooji (1934), e Laawol mawngol (Laawol mawngol) (1934) ina tawee e ɗemngal Engele to Youtube.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Rea|first=Christopher|date=1932-11-07|title=Volcanic Passions 火山情血 (1932)|url=https://chinesefilmclassics.sites.olt.ubc.ca/volcanic-passions-1932/|access-date=2022-11-07|website=Chinese Film Classics|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>Chinese Film Classics YouTube playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLhA05Qf-09xBaz_t_ynYbyZ-Porcj7bui</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-22|title=Li Lili 黎莉莉|url=https://chinesefilmclassics.sites.olt.ubc.ca/li-lili-黎莉莉/|access-date=2021-04-26|website=Chinese Film Classics|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-22|title=Li Lili 黎莉莉|url=https://chinesefilmclassics.sites.olt.ubc.ca/li-lili-黎莉莉/|access-date=2021-07-29|website=Chinese Film Classics|language=en-US}}</ref> == Nguurndam == == Li Lili e kitaale 1930 == Li jibinaa ko Qian Zhenzhen (e ɗemngal Sinuwaa : 钱蓁蓁) to Pekin, hitaande 1915. Baaba makko, hono Qian Zhuangfei, ko golloowo sirlu lolluɗo, jeyaaɗo e lannda kominist Siin. E hitaande 1927, o ummii o fayi Shanghai, ɗo baaba makko hirjini mo ngam naatde e fedde jimɗi e jimɗi Siin, caggal ɗuum o innitiraa fedde jimɗi e jimɗi lewru jaayndu. Li Jinhui, ko kañum wonnoo gardiiɗo fedde nde, o ƴetti mo, o waɗti ɗum ɓiyiiko debbo laamɗo, o wayli innde makko o waɗti ɗum Li Lili..<ref>{{cite web|title=Top 10 legendary Chinese women in the 1930s|url=http://www.china.org.cn/wap/2011-08/15/content_23371358_2.htm|publisher=china.org.cn|accessdate=2014-02-26|author=Elaine Duan|date=2011-08-15}}</ref><ref>* {{cite book|title=Cinema and Urban Culture in Shanghai, 1922-1943|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vD6I4hP4CDMC&pg=PA146|first1=Yingjin|last1=Zhang|publisher=Stanford University Press|year=1999|isbn=9780804735728|page=146}}</ref><ref name="interview">{{cite web|url=http://shanghai.cultural-china.com/html/Arts---Culture/Film/People/200810/16-262.html|title=Silent Film Star Li Lili: a TV interview|date=2004-08-21|publisher=English translation by Chinese Mirror|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020151422/http://shanghai.cultural-china.com/html/Arts---Culture/Film/People/200810/16-262.html|archivedate=2012-10-20|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="women" /> Fedde nde ina yiɗaa no feewi e kitaale 1920 Shanghai. Li Lili, Wang Renmei, Xue Lingxian e Hu Jia (胡笳) ina nganndiraa « Diwaaji nay » (四大天王) Lewru Jaayndu. Caggal nde fedde nde hawri e fedde filmuuji Lianhua e hitaande 1931, Li wonti fijoowo. O holli filmo Sun Yu biyeteeɗo Loving Blood of the Volcano e hitaande 1932, o waɗnoo e nder geec Sud e jimɗi keewɗi, ko ɗum addani Li fiyde haa o waawi. Ndeen kanko e Wang Renmei ɓe mbaɗdii golle e nder jimɗi binndaaɗi e lefol banaana.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Rea|first=Christopher|title=Chinese Film Classics, 1922-1949|publisher=Columbia University Press|year=2021|location=New York|pages=ch. 3}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Michael G. Chang (Yingjin Zhang)|title=Cinema and Urban Culture in Shanghai, 1922-1943|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780804735728|year=1999|publisher=Stanford University Press|isbn=0-8047-3188-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780804735728/page/148 148]–9}}</ref><ref>[http://www.china.org.cn/top10/2011-04/27/content_22447901_3.htm Top 10 women of old Shanghai: Li Lili], China.org.cn. Retrieved 2012-05-06.</ref> Li Lili e Chen Yen-yen e hitaande 1934 ‘Laawol mawngol’. Sun Yu winndi defte Queen of Sports e The Big Road ngam o waɗa heen hoodere, o dañii yimɓe heewɓe e natal makko ɓuuɓngal e semmbe, o heɓi innde "Sweet Big Sister". Daybreak Sun Yu (1933) ina jeyaa e otooji makko koode gadani. Magazines ina ciftora mo wonde omo yiɗi jimɗi e defte. Tuggude hitaande 1935 haa 1937, o waɗii filmuuji goɗɗi jeetati e sosiyetee filmuuji Lianhua. Li Lili, wondude e Wang Renmei e Xu Lai, wonnooɓe e gollodiiɓe mum to Bright Moon Troupe, ko kamɓe ngoni koode gadane hollirde mbaydi « suka debbo leydi » jom semmbe, celluɗo, jom njurum, wonti gooto e yimɓe ɓurɓe lollude e sinemaa Siin, caggal ɗuum cinema Ho inheri. Caggal nde wolde hakkunde makko e Japon fuɗɗii e hitaande 1937, o naati e suudu filmuuji Siin to Chongqing, laamorgo leydi Siin e sahaa wolde. Ko ɗoon o hawri e Luo Jingyu, gardiiɗo section, o wonti gardiiɗo suudu nduu, o resi ɗum. E hitaande 1939, o waɗi filmo Aljanna duunde yaayaaɓe Cai Chusheng to Hong Kong ; ko hitte goɗɗe. Nde o arti Chongqing, o waɗii filmo goɗɗo mo yimɓe fof njiɗi, biyeteeɗo Storm on the Border, mo o yetti no feewi Li yahiino Amerik e hitaande 1946, o janngi fijirde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde katolik to Amerik to Washington, ɗemngal e jimɗi to New York, o janngi make-up to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kaliforni. O teskiima kadi waɗde filmuuji to Hollywood O arti Siin, o woni e waɗde fijirde to suudu fijirde to Beijing. E hitaande 1955, o janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde filmuuji to Beijing, caggal ɗuum o janngini to fannu fijirde. Ɓiyiiko biyeteeɗo Luo Dan, resii ɓiɗɗo debbo marsandiis Ye Jianying ; Ye wonti hooreejo leydi Siin e darorɗe kitaale 1970 E nder wolde pinal, Li e jom suudu mum Luo Jingyu, ñaawee, torlee e yamiroore debbo Mao biyeteeɗo Jiang Qing. Li waɗiino e makko, kadi ɓuri mo, e filmuuji ko wayi no Blood on Wolf Mountain. Li caggal ɗuum wiyi ɓesngu mum wonde o saliima ñiŋde hay gooto. E hitaande 1991, o rokkaama "Special Honor Award" to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Siin to bannge ñeeñal. E joofnirde nguurndam makko, Li Lili woni hoodere filmo Siin gadane guurnde gila e jamaanu silki. O maayi ko e rafi ɓernde to opitaal Xuanwu, to Pekin ñalnde 7 ut 2005, omo yahra e duuɓi 90. == Filmography == Li Lili in the 1934 film Queen of Sports Year English title Original title Role Notes 1926 A Hero Hidden in Yanshan Mountain 燕山俠隱 Ma Muying Lost 1931 A Spray of Plum Blossoms 一剪梅 Piano player uncredited Two Stars 銀漢雙星 1932 Poetry Written on the Banana Leaf 芭蕉葉上詩 Lost Volcanic Passions 火山情血 1933 Daybreak 天明 Ling Ling Little Toys 小玩意 Zhu'er 1934 Queen of Sports 體育皇后 Lin Ying The Big Road 大路 1935 National Customs 國風 Zhang Tao An Abandoned Woman 秋扇明燈 1936 Return to Nature 到自然去 Bloodshed on Wolf Mountain 狼山喋血記 1937 Lianhua Symphony 聯華交響曲 Segment 6: "Ghost" (鬼) The Lost Pearl 人海遺珠 So Busy 如此繁華 Vistas of Art 藝海風光 Part 3: "Song & Dance Class" (歌舞班) 1938 Fight to the Last 熱血忠魂 1939 Orphan Island Paradise 孤島天堂 1940 Storm on the Border 塞上風雲 Jin Hua'er 1944 Undaunted Land 氣壯山河 Ma Fengqi Blood on the Cherry Blossoms 血濺櫻花 1954 Capture by Stratagem Mount Hua 智取華山 1963 Fen River Flows On 汾水長流 Assistant director == Tuugnorgal == j1xmbxeog609tqc0doq2fkv9oincewh 0 40863 180829 167287 2026-08-04T21:15:50Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180829 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Edith Bateson''' (1867-1938) ko pentoowo e ñeeñoowo Angalteer. == Nguurndam == Bateson jibinaa ko to Cambridge, o janngi ko fayti e pentugol e seppooji to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Royal Academy to Londres, ɗo o dañi njeenaaje keewɗe. Hoɗde e wuro Bushey to Hertfordshire, caggal ɗuum e sahaa gooto to Robin Hood’s Bay to Yorkshire, Bateson waɗii nate tokoose e pelle tokoose limtooje e njamndi mboɗeeri. Tuggi 1891 haa 1935 o woniino koolaaɗo kuuɓal e nder kollirɗe pelle to Londres e Pari. To Londres o ɓuri hollirde golle makko ko e Akademi Laamɗo, e Fedde Adunaare Seppooji, Pentooɓe e Gravers e Fedde Laamɗo Naalankooɓe Angalteer tawi to Pari o hollirii to Salon des Artistes Francais.<ref name="MapEBj">{{cite web|author=University of Glasgow History of Art / HATII|url=https://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/person.php?id=msib2_1204924642|title=Edith Bateson|year=2011|access-date=30 October 2019|work=Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain & Ireland 1851–1951|archive-date=14 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220314111558/https://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/person.php?id=msib2_1204924642|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="GMWaters">{{cite book|author=Grant M. Waters|publisher=Eastbourne Fine Art|year=1975|title=Dictionary of British Artists Working 1900–1950|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofbrit0000wate_w1d0}}</ref><ref name="Mackay">{{cite book|author=James Mackay|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=1977|title=The Dictionary of Western Sculptors in Bronze|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofwest0000mack|isbn=0902028553}}</ref><ref name="GMWII">{{cite book|author=Grant M. Waters|publisher=Eastbourne Fine Art|year=1975|title=Dictionary of British Artists Working 1900–1950 Volume II|isbn=0902010069}}</ref><ref name="Benezit1">{{cite book|publisher=Editions Grund, Paris|year=2006|title=Benezit Dictionary of Artists Volume 1 A-Bedeschini|isbn=2-7000-3070-2}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> o9wre9xwa464a09wjtmm9i155dzmcmy 0 40865 180818 167294 2026-08-04T21:00:45Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180818 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Edith Anna Bell''' (1870-1929) ko ƴoogiroowo Irlande, keɓtinaaɗo e sosde medaluuji e nate e nder mbaydiiji. == Nguurndam == Bell jibinaa ko to Dublin, caggal nde o ƴetti jaŋde naalankaagal e nder ndeen wuro, ina wayi no o ummiima Angalteer, won heen ko adii hitaande 1896 nde o anndaa ko o jannginoowo modeling to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde naalankaagal e karallaagal to Londres. O anndaa kadi ko o hoɗi to Reading to Berkshire ko juuti. Bell waɗii nate njamndi e nate tokoose e kadi medalliyoŋaaji e njamndi e kaalis.Hakkunde 1896 e 1912 o hollitii golle sappo to Royal Academy to Londres kadi o holliri to Walker Art Gallery to Liverpool. Galle fotooje ngenndiije to Londres ina joginoo fotooje medal njamndi mboɗeeri, ɗe Bell waɗi.<ref name="SG0019">{{cite book|author=Sara Gray|publisher=Dark River|year=2019|title=British Women Artists. A Biographical Dictionary of 1000 Women Artists in the British Decorative Arts|ISBN=978 1 911121 63 3}}</ref><ref name="MapEAB">{{cite web|author=University of Glasgow History of Art / HATII|url=https://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/person.php?id=msib4_1238159604|title=Edith Anna Bell|year=2011|access-date=15 January 2020|work=Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain & Ireland 1851–1951|archive-date=14 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220314111438/https://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/person.php?id=msib4_1238159604|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Mackay">{{cite book|author=James Mackay|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=1977|title=The Dictionary of Western Sculptors in Bronze|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofwest0000mack}}</ref><ref name="NPGEAB">{{cite web|url=https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp06668/edith-anna-bell?search=sas&sText=Edith+Anna+Bell&OConly=true|title=Edith Anna Bell|access-date=15 January 2020|work=National Portrait Gallery}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> lnejlp3vuz4d8mzeiczm9muygk2i5kj 0 40867 181115 167300 2026-08-05T02:29:27Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181115 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Eva Ellenor Benson''' (23 marse 1875 – 16 marse 1949) ko sehil Ostarali, peewnoowo wiɗtooji pottital, golle nate e medaluuji. Benson waɗii feccere e nguurndam mum ko e golle to Angalteer. == Nguurndam == Benson jibinaa, mawni ko to Gawler to Ostarali worgo, caggal nde o janngi e jannginde to Perth, o ummii Angalteer won e sahaaji hedde 1911. Ko ɗoon o janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Regent Street Polytechnic to caka Londres, ɗo o dañi njeenaaje keewɗe. Caggal nde o janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde City e Guilds to Londres, Benson golliima e nder suudu janngirdu to St John's Wood to bannge worgo Londres. O waɗii nate nate e fijirde, nate e medaluuji, e njamndi, e pilaas e marbere. Nde o woni to Londres, Benson hollitii golle makko to Royal Academy e wondude e Fedde Naalankooɓe Rewɓe. E hitaande 1917 e 1918, o waɗii kadi koolol makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde laamɗo Ecoppi, to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde laamɗo Glasgow to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde hirnaange Angalteer to Bristol. Benson arti Ostarali e hitaande 1920 ɗo o joginoo posto jannginoowo to Sidney, o waɗi heen golle mawɗe e mahngo. O maayi ko e wuro Mosman to Sydney e hitaande 1949.<ref name="DAAO-eeb">{{cite web|url=https://www.daao.org.au/bio/eva-ethel-benson/|title=Miss Eva Ellenor Benson|website=Design & Art Australia Online|access-date=18 April 2020}}</ref><ref name="SG2019">{{cite book|author=Sara Gray|publisher=Dark River|year=2019|title=British Women Artists. A Biographical Dictionary of 1000 Women Artists in the British Decorative Arts|isbn=978-1-911121-63-3}}</ref><ref name="Mackay">{{cite book|author=James Mackay|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=1977|title=The Dictionary of Western Sculptors in Bronze|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofwest0000mack|isbn=0902028553}}</ref><ref name="MappingEEB">{{cite web|author=University of Glasgow History of Art / HATII|url=https://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/person.php?id=msib1_1219242422|title=Miss Eva E.Benson|year=2011|accessdate=18 April 2020|work=Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain & Ireland 1851–1951}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> 5vtt4jxf57pc2urp2d3w3pdrlsfot3w 0 41044 181060 168006 2026-08-05T01:35:50Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181060 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Vanessa Wagner''' (jibinaa ko 11 suwee 1973, to Rennes) ko Faraysenaajo, jimoowo piyanɗe kiiɗɗo. == Nguurndam == O janngi ko e duɗal Dominik Merlet to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Pari. Nde o heɓi duuɓi 17, o heɓi njeenaari adanndi, o yahi o janngoyi to Jean-François Heisser. E dow wasiya piyanoowo biyeteeɗo Leon Fleisher, o ƴetti nokku e nder duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde to Cadenabbia, to leydi Itali, ɗo jannginooɓe makko ngoni Fleisher e hoore mum, Fou Ts’ong, Karl Ulrich Schnabel, Murray Perahia e Alexis Weissenberg. O heɓi njeenaari Victoire de la Musique (njeenaari Farayse ko nanndi e njeenaari Grammy) ngam wonde jimoowo ɓurɗo waawde jimɗi e hitaande 1999. E hitaande 2014, o fuɗɗii kaaldigal e jimoowo jimɗi elektoronik Meksik biyeteeɗo Murcof, haa teeŋti noon e sahaa nde o waɗtata yeewtere adannde « Beyond My Piano », woni yeewtere jimɗi to Bouffes du Nord to Pari. E hitaande 2016, o yahdi e makko e albom Statea , yaltuɗo e lefol InFine. Diskogaraafi cuɓaaɗo === E dow limlebbi Lyrinx === * Rachmaninoff: Sonata piyano limngal ɗiɗaɓal (1996) * Skriyabin: Faandaare e nder B tokooso, Op. 28 (1998) * Mozart: Sonaaji piyanɗe K280, K282, K310 e K330 * Schumann: Sonataaji piyanɗe limtooji 1 e 2, ñalnde kala, Op. 23 === E dow nate Naïve === * Brahms Ballaaji nay, Op. 10 & Schumann: Sonata e F tiiɗɗo. ====== E dow binndanɗe Ambroisie ====== * Debussy: Nate, Nate Obliées, Estampes, Valse romantique * Feereeji – Haydn : Feereeji e F minor Hob.XVII:6, Berio: Feereeji gonɗi e piyanɗe, Jean-Philippe Rameau: Feereeji keewɗi Brahms: Feereeji e dow tiitoonde Schumann, Op. 9 e Rachmaninoff: Ceertugol e dow tiitoonde Corelli, Op. 42 * Biritaan : Sonata ngam cello e piyanɗe (e wondude e cello Ophelie Gaillard) === E dow nate Aparté === * Schubert: Gimɗe piyanɗe D.664 e D.784, ɗe njiɗaa D.899 * Ravel: Baaba am gite, Vaalses nobles et sentimentales, Gaspard de la nuit, Baaba ngam cukalel maayngel === Feere === * Aphex Twin: Ñalnde 14 lewru Abriil<ref name="pianobleu">{{cite web|url=http://www.pianobleu.com/vanessa_wagner.html|title=Vanessa Wagner|date=2010|language=fr|access-date=2022-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://vanessawagner.net/about|title=Vanessa Wagner: about|date=2022|access-date=2022-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=88 notes for solo piano|url=https://archive.org/details/88notespourpiano0000thio|first=Jean-Pierre|last=Thiollet|authorlink=Jean-Pierre Thiollet|publisher=Neva Éditions|year=2015|pages=[https://archive.org/details/88notespourpiano0000thio/page/224 224]–225|chapter=Beyond my piano|isbn=978 2 3505 5192 0}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewbe]] a2yoxzqihrc0w3r8oegu4zwwd7sw1ia 0 41056 180807 168054 2026-08-04T20:48:33Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180807 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Hélène Liebmann''' jibinaaɗo Riese (16 desaambar 1795 – 2 desaambar 1869) ko piyanist e jimoowo Almaañnaajo. O jibinaa ko Berlin, o janngi jimɗi e Franz Lauska e Ferdinand Ries. Cukalel ngel, o waɗii deftere makko adannde ko adii duuɓi 13, o yaltini Piano Sonata makko nde o heɓi duuɓi 15. O resi ko hedde hitaande 1814, ina gasa tawa o ummiima e jom suudu makko to Vienne, caggal ɗuum to Londres. O tawtoraama hiirde Clara Wieck (Schumann) e hitaande 1835. === Golle === Liebmann waɗii jimɗi, sonataaji e golle piyanɗe. Golle cuɓaaɗe ina heen : * Kuutor mawɗo, Op 13 * Sonata mawɗo, Op 11 (Sonata mawɗo e piyanɗe e fijo) * Kennst du leydi ndii? Op 3, ko ƴettugol e deftere Goethe * Sonata violon Op 9<ref>''Beerdigte auf dem Annenfriedhofe vom 28. November bis 4. Dezember 1869.'' In: Kirchliche Wochenzettel Dresden. Nr. 25/1869.</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Reich|first=Nancy B.|title=Liebmann [née Riese], Helene|date=2018-01-31|url=http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0002020207|work=Oxford Music Online|publisher=Oxford University Press|language=en|doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.2020207|access-date=2022-10-24|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IvoQQU1QL_QC&pg=PA281|title=The Norton/Grove dictionary of women composers|first1=Julie Anne|last1=Sadie|first2=Rhian|last2=Samuel|year=1994|publisher=W. W. Norton & Company|isbn=9780393034875|accessdate=4 January 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Lives, wives, and loves of the great composers|url=https://archive.org/details/liveswivesloveso0000spie|author=Spiegl, Fritz|year=1997}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://oboeclassics.com/~oboe3583/ambache/wLiebmann.htm|title=Women of Note|accessdate=5 January 2011}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewbe]] 61gupfmyhi185k02e7bz7fpgdoxwbq7 0 41083 180938 168206 2026-08-04T23:12:32Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180938 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Lusiya Kontini Anselmi''' (15 oktoobar 1876 – caggal 1913) ko piyanist e jimoowo itaalinaajo. == Ngendam == O jibinaa ko ñalnde 15 ut 1876 to wuro Vercelli, to Piyemont. wonnoo ko piyanist e jimoowo itaalinaajo. O janngii piyanɗe e Giovanni Sgambati, o janngii jimɗi e Alessandro Parisotti to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Rome. Caggal nde o timmini jaŋde makko, o waɗii njilluuji e nder leydi Itali e caggal leydi, o woni e waɗde piyanist konsiir. O heɓi medal kaŋŋe ngam golle makko e piyanɗe Ludentia e nder kawgel hakkunde leyɗeele ngam waɗde jimɗi to Perugia e hitaande 1913. Innde Contini Anselmi addani mo jaɓɓaade hoore mum e juuɗe laamɗo debbo biyeteeɗo Margherita mo Itali. Contini Anselmi waɗii ko ina ɓura capanɗe tati golle, ko ɓuri heewde heen ko piyanɗe kono kadi jeetati ko orkestra, tati ko violon e piyanɗe. O waɗi kadi ballet, Driadi e satiri (Driads e Satyres), e operetta, La Sponda Magica (Daande Maagiyaŋkoore), operaaji fenaande e nder golle tati. O yaltinii deftere e hitaande 1908 wiyeteende Della tecnica par l’secuzione de la musique sur pianoforte e sua interpretatione (Ko fayti e karallaagal waɗde jimɗi e piyanɗe e firo mum). Ñalngu maayde makko anndaaka, hay so tawii noon ina heewi jaɓde wonde o maayi ko caggal hitaande 1913.Yoga e golle makko mbaɗaama to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Melbourne e hitaande 2020. == Golle == Golle Anselmi ina mbaɗi jimɗi ngam orkestra, piyanɗe solo, violon e cello. Golle cuɓaaɗe ina heen : * Fuɗɗoode * Gawot * Hojomaaji * Sonata ngam Piyanɗe e C tokooso * Sibila Kumaa * Ludensiya * Alaa konu<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last1=Sadie|first1=Julie Anne|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IvoQQU1QL_QC&q=Norton+grove+Lucia+Contini+Anselmi&pg=PA18|title=The Norton/Grove dictionary of women composers|last2=Samuel|first2=Rhian|publisher=W. W. Norton & Company|year=1994|isbn=9780393034875|pages=127|access-date=4 October 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Perruccio, Francesca Sica|title=Anselmi, Lucia Contini|url=http://www.intreccifemminili.com/Ita/Contini_I.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090422190300/http://www.intreccifemminili.com/Ita/Contini_I.html|archive-date=22 April 2009|access-date=10 October 2010}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Cohen|first=Aaron I.|title=International Encyclopedia of Women Composers|url=https://archive.org/details/internationalenc0002cohe|publisher=Books & Music (USA)|year=1987|isbn=0-9617485-0-8|edition=2nd|location=South Africa|pages=162}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite thesis|last=Nelson|first=Quilby|title=Performing the undiscovered solo piano works of Italian composer Lucia Contini Anselmi (1876-1913)|date=2022|degree=Master's thesis|publisher=University of Melbourne|url=http://hdl.handle.net/11343/315712}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> 7vzq0k325t1hxmgzzxmhabvmksxy3i5 0 41099 180994 168965 2026-08-05T00:16:13Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180994 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Mayako Kubo''' (jibinaa ko 5 desaambar 1947) ko piyanist e jimoowo Japonnaajo. == Nguurndam == Mayako Kubo jibinaa ko to Kobe, [[Japan|Japon]], o janngi piyanɗe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Osaka. E hitaande 1972 o jokki jaŋde makko e jimɗi e Roman Haubenstock-Ramati e Erich Urbanner to Vienne, ɗo o winndi jimɗi makko gadani e kaset to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde elektoroakustik e jimɗi jarriborɗi. E kitaale 1980 o janngi e Helmut Lachenmann to Hannover e Stuttgart caggal ɗuum o janngi e ganndal muusik to Carl Dahlhaus to [[Berlin]]. E hitaande 1989 Kubo yiɗi ko waɗde pijirlooji e pijirlooji, e hitaande 1990 o ummii o fayi leydi Itali, kono caggal ɗuum o arti o hoɗi e golle to Berlin e hitaande 1994. == Teddungal e njeenaaje == * 1978 – 1979 Ministeer Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe ngam Jaŋde, Naalankaagal e Pinal : golle *bursi * 1979 Pijirlooji hakkunde leyɗeele ngam jimɗi elektoronik e jarribooji, *Bourges: njeenaari * 1980 Wuro Vienne : bursi golle * 1982 – 1983 Fooyre Alban Berg : bursi * 1983 – 1984 Ministeer ganndal e wiɗtooji Sakson les : bursi wonande naalankooɓe (Schreyahn) * 1989 Senaa pinal Berlin : bursi golle 1999 Fooyre Japon: sehil * 2000 – 2001 Duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Rheinsberg : bursi golle 2002 Duɗal ganndal Hanse: sehil * 2004 Senaa Berlin : bursi 2004 – 2007 Fooyre Yaddo : bursi * 2006 Fooyre Bogliasco : sehil == Golle == Golle cuɓaaɗe ina heen : * Rashomon, opera (1996; mbaydi Japon 2002) * Osan – Sirlu giɗli, opera (2003/2004) * Der Spinnfaden, opera (Kaɓirgal ngal, 2010) * Margeriten weiss e nder yeewtere jaaynde, jimɗi belɗi (2004) * Hiperiyon-Fragmente, ko pijirlooji jimɗi (2001) * 1. Simfoni (1993/98) * 2. Simfoni (2000) * Koolol piyanɗe (1985/86) * Sanriku-Liider (2011) * Mirlitonnades – duuɓi 24 (2005) * Solo ngam kontrabaas (2005) * Deftere Berlin, cirƴam piyanɗe (1989/90) * Yogi ngam jimɗi jillondirɗi e jimɗi (1980) Golle makko mbinndaama, njaltinaama e jaayɗe, ina heen : * Wohin, tato, fedde KU, innde: binndi Kreuzberg, 2011 * AtemPause, fedde gitaar, innde: UNIMOZ, 2008 * Opera Rashomon, innde: bayyinaango Ariadne, hitaande 1996 * Piyanɗe: Ikeya-Fuchino – Soegijo, P.G. GOURZI, K. / Erdmann, D. / STAEMPFLI, E. / Simon, A. / Kubo, M. (Berlin Tagebuch), Lefol: Thorofon, 1991 == Bibliyogaraafi == * Uebersetzung – Waylo-waylo, hrsg. H. Yaamatoo/C. Iwanovik. Koenigshausen e Neumann, Wuerzburg, 2010 * Koolaaɗo kuuɓal, binndol e ƴeewndo, Muenchen, 2009 rev. * Opera to leydi Japon. Deftere hitaande (Opera-Nenkan) 2005 e 2008, Fedde Opera Japon, Tokio 2006 e 2009 * Saggitorde Grove e jimɗi e jimɗi, 2e édition<ref>{{cite book|title=A Guide to Piano Music by Women Composers: Women born after 1900 – Dees, Pamela Youngdahl|year=2004}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Guitar music by women composers: an annotated catalog|url=https://archive.org/details/guitarmusicbywom0000maca|first=Janna|last=MacAuslan|first2=Kristan|last2=Aspen|year=1997}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == sd9qm2dd7f9yi4rj5v0vtd7qepa7zoo 0 41110 181030 168299 2026-08-05T01:06:31Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181030 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Gertrude van den Bergh''' (hedde 21 lewru Yarkomaa 1793 – 10 Suwee 1840) ko piyanist e jimoowo Holanndeejo. == Duuɓi gadani == Gertrude van den bergh lootaama to Koloñ, ɓiɗɗo debbo mawɗo baaba mum Holanndeejo biyeteeɗo Henderik van den Bergh e Almaañnaajo biyeteeɗo Maria Teresia Leydel. Van den Bergh hollitii mbaawka mum e jimɗi gila omo famɗi, o ƴetti jaŋde piyanɗe gila omo yahra e duuɓi jeegom, o yaltini sonata harpsichord gila omo yahra e duuɓi jeenay. O janngi jimɗi e Friedrich August Burgmuller, o janngi piyanɗe e Ferdinand Ries. == Kugal == E hitaande 1809, baaba van den Bergh yuɓɓini njillu to Pays-Bas ngam Gertrude e miñi mum debbo biyeteeɗo Sophia. Ɓesngu nguu ummiima La Haye hedde hitaande 1813, caggal ɗuum Van den Bergh meeɗaa fiyde e yeeso yimɓe. O jokki e waɗde jimɗi e nder dingiral keeringal, o woni e anndeede no feewi. E hitaande 1830 o noddaa ngam naatde e fedde ƴellitgol jimɗi, nde udditanaaka rewɓe tawo. E hitaande 1834 fedde ndee waɗii ñalɗi ɗiɗi to La Haye ɗo Van den Bergh tawtoraa. O ardii koolol daande jillondirngol gadanol ummoraade La Haye e gila 1837 walla 1838 fedde daande. Ko o debbo mo resndaaka, Van den Bergh ina hoɗi e yumma mum, ina rokka ɗum jaŋde jimɗi e piyanɗe. O winndi deftere janngirnde jimɗi hedde hitaande 1830 ngam wallitde e ndeeɗoo golle, e hitaande 1840 o maayi to La Haye e rafi kanseer ɓernde tawi omo yahra e duuɓi 47. == Golle == Ko ɓuri heewde e binndanɗe Van den Bergh njaltinaaka, ɗum noon majjii. Golle cuɓaaɗe ina heen : Lied ngam Piano-Forte Rondeau ngam piyanɗe tiiɗɗe, op. 3<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IvoQQU1QL_QC&pg=PA59|title=The Norton/Grove dictionary of women composers|first1=Julie Anne|last1=Sadie|first2=Rhian|last2=Samuel|year=1994|publisher=W. W. Norton & Company|isbn=9780393034875|accessdate=25 January 2011}}</ref><ref>Claudia Schweitzer u. Christiane Barlag, Art. [https://www.sophie-drinker-institut.de/bergh-gertrude-van-den Bergh, Gertrude van den - Sophie Drinker Institut], in: Lexikon Europäische Instrumentalistinnen des 18. und 19. Jahrhunderts, hrsg. von Freia Hoffmann, 2009/2022.</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=A Guide to Piano Music by Women Composers: Composers born before 1900|url=https://archive.org/details/guidetopianomusi0000dees|author=Dees, Pamela Youngdahl|year=2002}}</ref><ref name="bio">{{cite web|url=http://www.inghist.nl/Onderzoek/Projecten/DVN/lemmata/data/Bergh,%20Gertrude%20van%20den|title=BERGH, Anna Gertrude Elizabeth van den|accessdate=25 January 2011}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> sbu8v3ecng48ulyr4dy5dqkbfgzk7ge 0 41145 180856 168444 2026-08-04T21:45:32Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180856 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Myriam Marbé''' (9 abriil 1931 to Bukarest – 25 desaambar 1997 to Bukarest) ko jimoowo e piyanoowo Rumaani. O dañii njeenaaje keewɗe, ina heen njeenaaje GEDOK to Mannheim e hitaande 1961, 1966 e 1970, njeenaaje jeegom gadane ummoraade e Dental Jimol Rumaani, njeenaari Bernier e njeenaari Akademi Rumaani. == Ngendam == Marbe heɓi jaŋde mum adannde e piyanɗe ko e yumma mum, Angela Marbe, jannginoowo piyanɗe. Baaba makko Max Marbe ko ganndo ko faati e bakteriiji. O janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Bukarest tuggi 1944 haa 1954, ɗo o janngi piyanɗe e Florica Musicescu e Silvia Kapațână, o janngi kadi e Leon Klepper e Mihail Jora e jimɗi. Tuggi 1953 haa 1965, o woniino gardo filmo to Casa de filme to Bukarest. O jannginii counterpoint e composition to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Bukarest tuggi 1954 haa 1988, ɗo salaade naatde e lannda kominist Rumaani haɗi mo yettaade darnde porfeseer. Hakkunde 1968 e 1972, o dañii yamiroore e laamuuji Rumaani ngam yahde hirnaange, o tawtoree duɗal kesal (Darmstadt New Music Summer School) to Almaañ hirnaange, e hitaande 1971, e ñalɗi Royan ngam jimɗi jamaanu to Farayse. Caggal nde kominist en yani e Fuɗnaange Orop, o rokkaama ballal gollal ummoraade e wuro Almaañ wiyeteengo Mannheim e hitaande 1989–90. Marbe heɓi njeenaaje keewɗe, ina heen njeenaaje GEDOK to Mannheim e hitaande 1961, 1966 e 1970, njeenaaje jeegom gadane ummoraade e Dental Kompoññeer Rumaani, njeenaari Bernier e njeenaari Akademi Rumaani. Gaagaa wonde jimoowo, Marbe golliima e jaayndiyanke e ganndo ko faati e jimɗi. O wondi e binndanɗe binndaaɗe e George Enescu, o winndi kadi binndanɗe e ƴeewndorɗe ko faati e mbaadi jimɗi, e binndanɗe ko faati e darnde rewɓe e nder daartol Rumaani. Koolol jimoowo oo woni ko e duɗal Sophie Drinker Institut to Bremen, ko ɓuri heewde e jimɗi ɗii ina tawee e lowre duɗal ngal. == Golle == * Nunta Zamfirei, jimɗi ballet, hitaande 1954 * Sonata ngam viola e piyano, hitaande 1955 * E nder Memoriam, jimɗi oboe, luwe ɗiɗi, piyanɗe, celesta, jimɗi, e orkestra ɓoggi, hitaande 1959 * Koolol, koolol koral dow binndi Ilie Konstantin [ro] e Paul Aristide, 1959 * Sonata (Ariya – Epilogo) ngam fijooji ɗiɗi, hitaande 1966 * Waktuuji ɗi ngalaa ɗo kaaɗi, 1968-71 * Serenata – Gimɗi tokoosi, 1974 * La parabol du grenier ngam firoore dow piyanɗe, harpsikord, celesta, e cuɓagol glockenspiel e becce tuubaaji, 1975-76 Konserto ngam Viola e Orkestra, 1977 * Trium, ko jimɗi simfoniiji ngam orkestra mawɗo, 1978 * Siftorde njoɓdi ndi alaa ɗo haaɗi ngam fulfulde e viola, 1979 * Timpul regasit ngam soprano walla tenor, winnditorde, violaaji 3, alto e violaaji tenor, e klave, 1982 * Trommelbass, ngam fijirde tato e mbaggu, hitaande 1985 Sonata ngam viola e fulfulde, 1985 * Des-cântec ngam fijirde leɗɗe jowi e piccolo, fijirde alto, luwaa Engele, klarinet e-flat, klarinet bas, e kontrabason, 1985 Sonne maayɗo ngam mezzo-soprano e saksofon, 1986 * Koolaaɗo kuuɓal Daniel Kientzy e saksofon, hitaande 1986 Caggal nau, sonata ngam cello e orgel, 1987 * Ur-Ariadne-Sinfonie Nr. 1 ngam mezzo-soprano, saksofon, e orkestra, 1988 * Kaaldigal – deftere mawnde ngam Kerecee’en Morgenstern, 1989 * Farbe und Klang, cirƴam jimɗi dow binndi ɗi Ulrich von Lichtenstein, Heinrich von Veldeke, Heinrich Heine, Friedrich von Hausen, Konig Konrad, e Kiristaan ​​Morgenstern * Fra Angelico - Chagall - Voronet - Requiem ngam mezzo-soprano, koor, e suudu, 1990 * Stabat Mater ngam daande 12 e fulfulde, oboe, klarinet, fagot, buuba, luggere, trombone, perkusiyoŋ, viola, e bass * Paos ngam viola e klarinet, 1995 * Simfoniya ngam mezo-soprano e jimɗi suudu dow jimɗi ɗi Else Lasker-Shuler winndi, hitaande 1996 * arc-en-ciel ngam winndude e fulɓe, 1997 * Jimol Ruut ngam cellooji 5, hitaande 1997<ref name="Cohen">{{Cite book|last=Cohen|first=Aaron I.|title=International Encyclopedia of Women Composers|url=https://archive.org/details/internationalenc0002cohe|publisher=Books & Music (USA)|year=1987|isbn=0-9617485-0-8|edition=2nd|location=South Africa|pages=447}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Beimel|first=Thomas|title=The New Grove Dictionary of Women Composers|last2=Cosma|first2=Viorel|publisher=MacMillan|year=1994|isbn=0-333-515986|editor-last=Sadie|editor-first=Julie Anne|edition=1st|pages=311-312|editor-last2=Samuel|editor-first2=Rhian}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web|title=Vita Myriam Marbe|url=https://www.sophie-drinker-institut.de/vita|access-date=30 April 2025|website=Sophie Drinker Institute|language=de}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewbe]] f7sicb3sjzsre3j21e0b5cn3vg0ifii 0 41165 180862 168520 2026-08-04T21:53:30Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180862 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Aurore von Haxthausen''' (Gustava Charlotta Märta Aurora : 1830 – 7 feebariyee 1888), ganndiraaɗo kadi innde naalanke mum fenaande Klara walla Clara Kuhlman, ko binndoowo, jimoowo, piyanoowo, debbo Suwednaajo e nder ndeenka. O waɗii seppo ngo o fiyi e udditgol Parlemaa fotde duuɓi seeɗa, o winndi defte keewɗe. == Tariya == Von Haxthausen jibinaa ko to Daretorp to Västergötland, ko ɓiy diisneteeɗo dowla (e ɗemngal suwed: statsråd) e guwerneer (e ɗemngal suwed: landshövding) diiwaan Halland, hono baron biyeteeɗo Carl Henrik Gyllenhaal e Aurore af Nordin. Baaba makko maayi ko e rafi kolera e hitaande 1857, ko caggal ɗuum von Haxthausen toɗɗaa laamɗo debbo. von Haxthausen resii e hitaande 1873 tedduɗo Danemark to legaasiyoŋ Danemark to Stockholm, hono Frederik Ferdinand von Haxthausen. Tuggi 1857 haa 1871, ko o golloowo tedduɗo, koolaaɗo laamɗo Suwed, Louise mo Pays-Bas. O anndiranoo ko e ñaawirdu ngam seedantaagal makko e doole makko ngam weltinde yimɓe kam e improvisations makko e piyanɗe : episod tipikal e ɗeen sifaaji fof ko nde o, e sahaa gooto nde Louisa ñaawi golloowo suudu, o ustii mettere nde e improvisation episode oo fof e piyanɗe. Aurore von Haxthausen winndii jimɗi keewɗi ngam piyanɗe ɗe o waɗata e konnguɗi jamaanu, hay so tawii noon ko seeɗa e jimɗi makko mbinndaa. Ina jeyaa e ɗeen, seppo, duuɓi keewɗi, heewnoo fiyde e udditgol parlemaa hitaande kala. O yaltini kadi deftere deftere: Från svenska hem (1883-84). Binndol makko ɓuri tuugnaade ko e siftorde cukaagu makko. O sankii ko to Stockholm e hitaande 1888, o wirnaa ko to yanaande Solna. Koolol makko Vid lifvets afton ngol fiyi e wirwirnde makko. == Golle cuɓaaɗe == * E nder heen: binndol / af Klara Kuhlmann. Stokholm: Seligmann. 1883. Deftere 1597523 (ɗemngal Suwed) * Frånska hem: winndude : ko Klara Kuhlmann. Stokholm: Seligmann. 1884. Libris 1597524 (ɗemngal Suwed)<ref>{{Cite web|date=9 March 1888|title=Aurore Von Haxthausen. (Klara Kuhlmann.)|url=http://www2.ub.gu.se/fasta/laban/erez/kvinnohistoriska/tidskrifter/idun/1888/pdf/1888_10.pdf|access-date=18 August 2023}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{SKBL|author=Per Olov Qvist (Translated by Margaret Myers)|accessdate=23 April 2025}}</ref><ref name="Cohen">{{Cite book|last=Cohen|first=Aaron I.|title=International Encyclopedia of Women Composers|url=https://archive.org/details/internationalenc0002cohe|publisher=Books & Music (USA)|year=1987|isbn=0-9617485-0-8|edition=2nd|location=South Africa|pages=308}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewbe]] 3whipcrj9aa79fl1gf8i2d3kt3dzrj6 0 41177 181131 168592 2026-08-05T02:46:12Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181131 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Albertina Fredrika "Ika" Peyron, jibinaa''' ko Asp (1 sulyee 1845 – 15 mars 1922) ko jimol Suwednaajo, jimoowo piyanɗe e jimoowo. O winndi jimɗi kam e jimɗi ngam violon, piano e jimɗi solo. Won e jimɗi makko ina njimree haa jooni, haa teeŋti e jimɗi ngam marseeji. == Ngendam == Ika Peyron jibinaa ko to Timrå, to leydi Västernorrland, ko ɓiy njulaagu biyeteeɗo Anton Asp, jibinaaɗo e makko ngam heɓde golle, rokki mo jaŋde moƴƴere. Asp yiɗiino wonde safroowo, kono ko adii fof o waɗti hakkille makko e jimɗi. O janngi ko e piyanɗe to Stockholm, o woni almuudo Louise Engström, Ivar Hallström, Johan van Boom [sv], Emil Sjögren e Anton Andersen. O janngi kadi to Londres. O etinooma winndude kono o woppii sabu ŋakkeende jikkuuji e yimooɓe rewɓe. E hitaande 1865 o resi njulaagu e politik biyeteeɗo Ludvig Peyron, o waɗi duuɓi sappo garooji ɗii ko e nehde ɓiɓɓe makko worɓe. E darorɗe kitaale 1870, ɓiɓɓe makko nattii wonde tokosɓe, jikkuuji rewɓe jimɗi mbayliima. Ika Peyron halfini hoore mum haa timmi e jimɗi gila e kitaale 1880, nde o janngini kadi o ardii e o waɗi konsiiruuji e nder cuuɗi dingiral e nder Ladies’ Society Nya Idun. O yaltinii jimɗi keewɗi potɗi e fiyooɓe amateur en e nder galleeji, kadi o yaltinii ɗum no feewi to leydi Suwed, kadi jimɗi makko ina njiɗi. Won e jimɗi makko ngam marseeji ina njimree haa hannde, haa teeŋti e På terrassen, I ungdomstiden, e Festligt intåg. O maayi ko to Stockholm e hitaande 1922. Ivar Hallström rokki Peyron jimɗi tati piyanɗe. == Golle == Ko Peyron winndi heen ko : * Miijo suudu (ko ɓuri heewde ko jimɗi nayi e golle ngam violon e piyanɗe) * Miijo piyanɗe * Miijo organ * Jimi * Golle koral<ref name="Cohen">{{Cite book|last=Cohen|first=Aaron I.|title=International Encyclopedia of Women Composers|url=https://archive.org/details/internationalenc0002cohe|publisher=Books & Music (USA)|year=1987|isbn=0-9617485-0-8|edition=2nd|location=South Africa|pages=544}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Hildebrand|first=Albin|title=89 (Svenskt porträttgalleri / XXI. Tonkonstnärer och sceniska artister (biografier af Adolf Lindgren & Nils Personne))|url=https://runeberg.org/spg/21/0097.html|access-date=2025-04-23|website=runeberg.org|language=sv}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web|title=Ika Peyron|url=https://www.orkester.nu/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/IkaPeyron.pdf|access-date=23 April 2025|publisher=Sveriges orkesterförbund|language=sv}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{SKBL|author=Magdalena Fronczak. Translated by Alexia Grosjean|accessdate=23 April 2025}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewbe]] o9wsz8920m4v13vdkkctx49lcdse0a4 0 41183 180855 168621 2026-08-04T21:45:21Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180855 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Fanny Hünerwadel''' (26 lewru Yarkomaa 1826 – 27 lewru Abriil 1854) ko piyanist, jimoowo, jimoowo Suwis. O yimi, o waɗii jimɗi to Zurich, Pari e Londres, kono o maayi ko e rafi tifus tawi omo yahra e duuɓi 28. O winndi jimɗi jeeɗiɗi e piyanɗe, heen jimɗi njaltinaa ko caggal maayde makko. == Ngendam == Hünerwadel ko jeyaaɗo to Lenzburg ɗo o jibinaa ñalnde 26 lewru bowte hitaande 1826, o ummorii ko e galle ɓooyɗo e nder wuro ngoo. Ko kanko woni ɓiy mawɗo cafroowo biyeteeɗo Johann Friedrich Hunerwadel e Speerli Regula, kamɓe ɗiɗo fof ɓe ngonaano yiɗɓe jimɗi no feewi. Ko yumma mum adii jannginde Hünerwadel jimɗi, caggal ɗuum o janngi piyanɗe e les njiimaandi Philipp Tietz, Joseph Breitenbach e Ludwig Kurz. O jeyaa kadi ko e fedde koral nokku oo. O fuɗɗii fiyde piyanɗe ko e hitaande 1842 to Lenzburg. E hitaande 1846 o fuɗɗii janngude piyanɗe, daande, miijo jimɗi e jimɗi e Hans Nägeli e Aleksander Müller (1808-1863) to Zurich. Gila hitaande 1849, o waɗii jeewte e nder jamaanu, o woni jimoowo e piyanoowo, o waɗii jeewte nafooje to sosiyetee Universal Music to Zurich. O yimi ko e hitaande 1851 ngam udditde orgel keso Lenzburg. Kadi, e hitaande 1851 o yilliima Pari e Londres. E hitaande 1852, o fiyi Rondo Brilliant mo Johann Nepomuk Hummel fiyi e nder hiirde abonmaaji fedde jimɗi mawnde Zurich, ɗo Orkestra Tonhalle Zurich hannde oo yalti. E hitaande 1853 e nder heblo makko, o yahi Firenze e Rome. To Firenze, o ƴetti jaŋde yimre e Romani. To Rome e hitaande 1853 o woniino koɗo naalankooɓe e ɓesnguuji Corrodi Imhof e ƴettude janngirɗe e jimɗi jannginoowo Parisotti. Hünerwadel maayi ko e rafi tifus ñalnde 27 abriil 1854 to Rome tawi omo yahra e duuɓi 28. Jimi jeegom e nder jimɗi makko jeeɗiɗi gonɗi e piyanɗe ɗii, njaltinaa caggal maayde makko e hitaande 1854. Jimol Liszt "à Fanny H." ina halfinaa Hunerwadel. Diskogaraafi MGB CD 6153 : « Richard Wagner e sehilaaɓe mum jimol to Zurich ». Jimi "Jimol subaka" e "Printemps" ɗi Fanny Hünerwadel.<ref name=":0">{{cite book|author=Cohen, Aaron I.|title=International encyclopedia of women composers: Volume 1|url=https://archive.org/details/internationalenc0001cohe|year=1987|pages=[https://archive.org/details/internationalenc0001cohe/page/335 335]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NycwGwAACAAJ&q=Fanny+H%C3%BCnerwadel|title=Fanny Hünerwadel|first1=Beat|last1=Hanselmann|first2=Chris|last2=Walton|first3=Peter|last3=Mieg-Stiftung (Lenzburg)|year=1998|access-date=2010-11-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Siegel Jessica Berger|first=Hanna|last2=Furrer|first2=Tabea|last3=Berger|first3=Jessica|date=2024-11-17|title=«à Fanny H.» - Annäherung an Fanny Hünerwadel|url=https://www.musikzeitung.ch/en/service/2024/11/a-fanny-h-annaeherung-an-fanny-huenerwadel|access-date=2025-04-12|website=Schweizer Musikzeitung|language=en-US}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewbe]] 16ertxdjj5we46xn4laipzqb1yc65j5 0 41195 181033 168646 2026-08-05T01:09:04Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181033 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Marguerite Sara Roesgen-Champion''' (24 lewru Yarkomaa 1894 – 30 lewru Suwee 1976) ko jimol Suwisnaajo, jimoowo piyanɗe e jimoowo, kuutortooɗo innde fenaande Jean Delysse. O waɗii golle ngam orkestra, harpsichord e piano, kam e golle suudu e koral. Ko o piyanist o waɗii konsiiruuji piyanɗe keewɗi ɗi Mozart e Haydn mbaɗi. E dow jimɗi o waɗi jimɗi ngam jimɗi ɗi Jean-Henry d'Anglebert e Johann Christoph Friedrich Bach mbaɗi. Roesgen-Champion sosi fedde nde ina wiyee Suites Française nde huutortenoo ko ngam hollirde almudɓe seertuɓe e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Pari. == Ngendam == Marguerite Sara Roesgen-Champion jibinaa ko ñalnde 24 lewru Yarkomaa 1894 to Geneve O woniino jimoowo, piyanoowo e jimoowo, omo huutoroo innde fenaande Jean Delysse. Yumma Roesgen-Champion ko jimoowo biyeteeɗo Cecile Roesgen-Liodet, ko ɗuum waɗi Marguerite heɓi jaŋde mum adannde e jimɗi to galle mum. O janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde jimɗi Genève, teeŋti noon e piyanɗe e Marie Panthès, e jimɗi e Ernest Bloch e Jaques-Dalcroze. O heɓi bak makko ko e hitaande 1913. Gila 1926, o hoɗi ko e Pari ko o jimol. O waɗii golle ngam orkestra, harpsichord e piano, kam e golle suudu e koral. Ko o piyanist o waɗii konsiiruuji piyanɗe keewɗi ɗi Mozart e Haydn mbaɗi. E dow jimɗi o waɗi jimɗi ngam jimɗi ɗi Jean-Henry d'Anglebert e Johann Christoph Friedrich Bach mbaɗi. O fiyi e orkestraaji to Farayse, Itali, Espaañ e Pays-Bas. E hitaande 1940 Roesgen-Champion sosi fedde wiyeteende Suites Française nde huutortenoo ko ngam hollirde almudɓe seertuɓe e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Pari. O walli kadi Orkestra Jane Evrard (anndiraaɗo kadi Orkestra féminin de Paris), mo Jane Evrard sosi, ko orkestra suudu rewɓe tan, waɗoowo golle jamaanu, ina jeyaa heen ñalngu adanngu Petite Suite mo Guy Ropartz. Roesgen-Champion sankii ko ñalnde 30 suwee 1976 to Pari. == Golle == Sonata ngam Fuuta e Keyboard Daartol Bulu e kaŋŋe, piano e juuɗe 4 Suite Farayse ngam fulfulde e harp Domine ko e Furore ngam koral jillondirngal a kapella Valseeji ngam piyanɗe Konser ngam saksofon, klave e fagot To Lewru, yimde fulfulde e piyanɗe Konserto grosso ngam violon, cello, klave e orkestra<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Cohen|first=Aaron I.|title=International Encyclopedia of Women Composers|url=https://archive.org/details/internationalenc0002cohe|publisher=Books & Music (USA)|year=1987|isbn=0-9617485-0-8|edition=2nd|location=South Africa|pages=593}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Room|first=Adrian|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eSIhzKnNUf4C&dq=Marguerite+Roesgen-Champion+Jean+Delysse&pg=PA140|title=Dictionary of Pseudonyms: 13,000 Assumed Names and Their Origins, 5th ed.|date=2014-01-10|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-0-7864-5763-2|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Sarabande et gigue (Haendel) Roesgen-Champion|url=https://bibliotheques-specialisees.paris.fr/ark:/73873/pf0000366207/0005B|access-date=2017-12-23|website=Bibliothèques spécialisées de la Ville de Paris}}</ref><ref name="FMSB1">{{cite book|last=Smith|first=Richard Langham|title=French Music Since Berlioz|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_0754602826|date=2006|publisher=[[Ashgate Publishing]]|isbn=0754602826|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_0754602826/page/288 288]}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewbe]] g5dybbd7bivxmduuvbj6okwcfkm9xld 0 41227 180874 168777 2026-08-04T22:06:01Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180874 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Hazel Harrison''' (12 mee 1883 - 29 abriil 1969) ko Ameriknaajo piyanoowo e konsiir. Ko kanko woni jimoowo gadano jannguɗo Ameriknaajo timmuɗo, yaltuɗo e orkestra Orop. Harrison jibinaa ko to La Porte, to leydi Indiana, ko ɓuri heewde e cukaagu mum ko e duɗal janngirde ; kono o naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde La Porte, o heɓi heen seedantaagal makko. O fuɗɗii janngude piyanɗe keertiiɗe nde o woni cukalel duuɓi nay walla joy e Richard Warren Pellow, ganndo Engele to Egliis Presbyterian gadano jannginoowo jimɗi e nder duɗe laamu nokku oo. E nder duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde o fuɗɗii jaŋde e les njiimaandi musiɗɗo Almaañnaajo biyeteeɗo Victor Heinze, haa o dañi yahde hakkunde La Porte e Chicago ngam jokkude jaŋde e makko. Ko ɓuri heewde e sahaaji makko o waɗi ko to Berlin omo waɗa jimɗi e omo waɗa jimɗi e Philharmonic Berlin. O wonti debbo ɓaleejo gadano, e ko ɓuri heewde e mum ko jimoowo ɓaleejo gadano, waɗde jimɗi mum e nder fedde Berlin Philharmonic nde o waɗi jimɗi makko gadani e maɓɓe e hitaande 1904, o fiyi jimɗi Chopin e piyanɗe E Minor e Konserto Piano Edvard Grieg e A Minor. Harrison arti caggal mum to Amerik, nde o woni e waɗde jimɗi to Chicago o heɓi ballal ngam hootde to Orop. E nder duuɓi keewɗi garooji ɗii, o jokki jaŋde makko e Hugo van Dalen [nl] to Berlin. Van Dalan yuɓɓini ngam Harrison waɗa ƴeewndo e jimol Itaalinaajo biyeteeɗo Ferruccio Busoni ; caggal nde o nani mo, Busoni, mo adii jaɓde almudɓe ɓurɓe heewde, felliti ƴeewtaade heblo makko.Ndeen o fuɗɗiima waɗde jimɗi e nder Orop e Amerik, o dañii anndireede no feewi e nder Amerik hay so tawii o yettaama e nder jaayɗe ɓaleeɓe. E hitaande 1931, Harrison jaɓi golle gardiiɗo fedde piyanɗe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Tuskegee to Alabama. Ralph Ellison ƴettii haala Harrison ngam fuɗɗoraade gooto e binndanɗe makko, Gorko tokooso to dingiral Chehaw. (Chehaw ko nokku ɗo laana njoorndi hirnaange Alabama, gollortoo nokku Tuskegee.) E hitaande 1936 o ummii o fayi Washington, o jaɓi golle janngingol to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Howard, o woni ɗoon haa o woppi golle makko e hitaande 1955. Ina jeyaa e almuɓɓe makko ceertuɓe, Ralph Ellison, Roberta Flack, Charlotte Wesley Holloman, Pearl Williams-Jones, Josephine Harbecca Walker Love. Nde o jannginta ndee, Harrison ina jokki e waɗde golle to Amerik, caggal nde o woppi golle o jaɓi golle to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Alabama A&M e to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Jackson.<ref>{{cite book|title=[[Women in World History|Women in World History, Vol. 7: Harr-I]]|year=2000|publisher=Yorkin Publications|location=Waterford, CT|isbn=0-7876-4066-2|pages=23–24|last=Reveal|first=Judith C.|chapter=Harrison, Hazel}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Richardson|first=Deborra A.|author-link=Deborra Richardson|title=Black Women in America: An Historical Encyclopedia|publisher=Indiana University Press|year=1994|isbn=0-253-32774-1|location=Bloomington|pages=540–541|chapter=Harrison, Hazel (1883–1969)}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Notable Black American Women|year=1992|publisher=Gale Research|location=Detroit|isbn=0-8103-4749-0|pages=473–474|chapter=Hazel Harrison (1883–1969) Musician, educator|first=Jean Elder|last=Cazort}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Thurman|first=Kira|title=Singing Like Germans: Black Musicians in the Land of Bach, Beethoven, and Brahms|url=https://archive.org/details/singinglikegerma0000thur|publisher=Cornell University Press|year=2021|isbn=9781501759840|location=Ithaca, NY|pages=[https://archive.org/details/singinglikegerma0000thur/page/87 87]|language=English}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Harrison, Hazel (1883-1969)|url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/harrison-hazel-1883-1969|website=encyclopedia.com|publisher=Gale Research Inc.|accessdate=13 Dec 2018}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewbe]] 9waxogq0ndwrb75y1y4uvfnzc3gjnnj 0 41231 181047 168792 2026-08-05T01:23:54Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181047 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Constance Keene''' (9 feebariyee 1921 – 24 lewru Duujal 2005) ko piyanoowo Ameriknaajo, ganndiraaɗo no o waɗiri jimɗi Sergei Rachmaninoff e hitaande 1964, o dañii njeenaari mawndi sabu no o winndiri golle Johann Nepomuk Hummel, Carl Mariamanch von Mensoff e Fee Janngirɗe-Tablooji, Op. 33 e Janngirɗe-Tablooji, Op. 39. O mawni ko to wuro Brooklyn, to wuro New York. Gooto e jannginooɓe makko ko Abram Chasins. O dañii njeenaari e kawgel piyanɗe Naumburg e hitaande 1943. E hitaande 1946, o darii e Vladimir Horowitz nde o heɓaani e hiirde, o wiyi ko kanko tan woni debbo piyanoowo meeɗnooɗo rokkeede ndeeɗoo teddungal. O feeñi kadi e Benny Goodman e orkestra mum e nder jimɗi Gershwin ɗi Rapsody e Blue. E hitaande 1949 o resi Chasins, o sankii e hitaande 1987. Ɓe mbaɗi, ɓe mbinndi jimɗi ngam piano duo. E nder jom suudu makko, mo kanko e hoore makko janngi e piyanoowo biyeteeɗo Josef Hofmann, o hawri e piyanɗe konsiir goɗɗe, ina heen Vladimir Horowitz. Kanko e Chasins ɓe ngoni ko e renndude e fiyde ponto e Horowitz e debbo mum Wanda Toscanini Horowitz e nder duuɓi 12 ɗi Horowitz woppi dingiral konsiir. Nde o woni suka o hawri e Hofmann, Godowski e Rachmaninoff ; nde o mawni kanko e Chasins ɓe mballi Van Cliburn hade makko ummoraade e lollude. O ɓadtiima Wiliyam Kapell, Abbey Simon e piyanooɓe woɗɓe. Caggal nguurndam makko o heewnoo ko jaɓɓaade sukaaɓe piyanist en ummoriiɓe no Evgeny Kissin e Lang Lang to galle makko to bannge hirnaange toowɗo. Caggal ɗuum o wonti jannginoowo timmuɗo e hoore makko. Almuɓɓe maako hawti bee ɓikkoy Arthur Rubinstein, mo wi'i dow kuuɗe maako nder Preludes Rachmaninoff o wi'i "o ɗon mari haaje colour, sweep e miijo maako bee ... dabare maako. Mi waawataa miijaago goɗɗo, bana Rachmaninoff, fija piyano bee belɗum". Piyanist biyeteeɗo Peter Nero ina jeyaa e almuɓɓe Konstance nde o woni suka. Hay so tawii ko o prodigy e dañde kawgel piyanɗe e nder diiwaan New York, nde o fuɗɗii janngude e makko, Mr. Nero wiyi, "O wayli nguurndam am fof" to bannge karallaagal piyanɗe. "Miɗo yoɓa ɗum fof e Constance", o wiyi e nguurndam makko caggal. Yimoowo B. J. Rosco, e woɗɓe, kadi janngii e Keene. Duuɓi keewɗi, o woniino e faculté duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Manhattan, o woniino hooreejo departemaa Piano, o woniino kadi tergal e yiilirde mayre. O yiylaama kadi ngam wonde ñaawoowo kawgel piyanɗe.<ref>[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/constance-keene-6109994.html Obituary]. ''The Independent'', 3 February 2006.</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Cohen|first=Aaron I.|title=International Encyclopedia of Women Composers|url=https://archive.org/details/internationalenc0002cohe|date=1987|publisher=Books & Music (USA)|isbn=978-0-313-24272-4|pages=[https://archive.org/details/internationalenc0002cohe/page/n3 600]|language=en}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Rewbe]] rjcr0dem030hn8bcs0ye2dnpwyo6i6y 0 41319 181042 169184 2026-08-05T01:18:33Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181042 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Calton''' ko wuro e wonnoo ko juulirde parwisaaji e parwisaaji siwil, jooni ko e parwisaaji Waterhouses, e nder diiwaan Staffordshire Moorlands to Staffordshire, Angalteer. E hitaande 1931, parwisaaji ɗii ina njogii yimɓe 222. Kapel ina waɗi parwisaaji nay Croxden, Blore, Mayfield e Waterfall. E hitaande 1866, parwisaaji nay ɗii ngonti parwisaaji siwil Calton, ñalnde 1 abriil 1934 parwisaaji ɗii momtaa ngam sosde Waterhouses. Wuro Calton ina darii e nder parwisaaji ɓooyɗi Mayfield, wondude e jumaa St Mary. Jaɓɓungal keeriwal diiwaan Peak ina rewi e wuro ngoo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10275969/cube/TOT_POP|title=Population statistics Calton Ch/CP through time|publisher=[[A Vision of Britain through Time]]|accessdate=16 February 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10275969|title=Relationships and changes Calton Ch/CP through time|publisher=A Vision of Britain through Time|accessdate=16 February 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.staffordshire.gov.uk/leisure/archives/history/placeguide/SPGCalton.aspx|title=Calton|work=Staffordshire Place Guide|publisher=Staffordshire County Council|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727050437/http://www.staffordshire.gov.uk/leisure/archives/history/placeguide/SPGCalton.aspx|archive-date=27 July 2014|access-date=27 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=History, Gazetteer and Directory of Staffordshire|first=William|last=White|location=Sheffield|year=1851|url=http://leicester.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16445coll4/id/218240}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=McCloy|first=Andrew|title=Peak District Boundary Walk: 190 Miles Around the Edge of the National Park|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781909461536|publisher=Friends of the Peak District|year=2017|isbn=978-1909461536}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> n9xb5pcbfz1wsto18xhvsjxppjwo2ts 0 41342 180966 169295 2026-08-04T23:44:01Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180966 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Yanworth''' ko wuro e parwisaaji siwil e nder diiwaan Cotswold, e nder diiwaan Gloucestershire, Angalteer, kilooji 14 to fuɗnaange-rewo Cheltenham e kilooji 88 to fuɗnaange-rewo Londres. Ina waɗi 300 neɗɗo, tawi ko 112 neɗɗo e binnditagol 2011 ngol. Wuro ngo e hoore mum ina jeyaa e nokkuuji biyeteeɗi Stowell Park ɗi Lord (Sam) Vestey jeyi. Ekklessiya St Michael ɗon sendi bee wuro man nden ɗum waɗi ko hewti hitaande 1200. == Inde == E nder deftere Domesday, wuro ngo winndaa ko Ieneurde e hitaande 1162, Ianeorþe e hitaande 1162, firti ko ‘kaɓirgal lamɗam’ walla ‘kaɓirgal Geana’ (orþe walla worþ firti ko ‘kaɓirgal’).<ref>{{cite web|title=Location of North Cotswolds|url=https://members.parliament.uk/constituency/4201/location|website=parliament.uk|access-date=6 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=11131052&c=GL54+3LJ&d=16&e=62&g=6426947&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=0&s=1427047925672&enc=1|title=Parish population 2011|access-date=22 March 2015|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402160240/https://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=11131052&c=GL54+3LJ&d=16&e=62&g=6426947&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=0&s=1427047925672&enc=1|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Ekwall|first=Eilert|title=The concise Oxford dictionary of English place-names|url=https://archive.org/details/conciseoxforddic0000ekwa|date=1985|publisher=Clarendon Press|isbn=978-0-19-869103-7|edition=4. ed., repr|location=Oxford|page=542}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Key to English Place-names|url=http://kepn.nottingham.ac.uk/map/place/Gloucestershire/Yanworth|access-date=2025-12-19|website=kepn.nottingham.ac.uk}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> myuwozwcv0b0310sgkulwylx4iyu6p5 0 41358 181182 169359 2026-08-05T03:39:51Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181182 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Yesnaby (taariindi: Yesnaby, Yestnaby)''' ko wuro taariingo e nder wuro Sandwick, to bannge worgo leydi Orkney, to Ecosse, to fuɗnaange Skara Brae. Nde anndaa ko e mbaydi mum teskinndi e kaaƴe dime Old Red Sandstone ɗe ina waɗi ɓulli geec, ɓulli puɗi, geos e geec keewɗo ɓuuɓde. Parking otooji, laawol coastal e panneeji firooji ina kuutoroo hoɓɓe. Nokku oo ina yiɗaa e yahooɓe sabu galle laamorɗo Yesnaby, ko ŋoral maayo koyɗe ɗiɗi, to fuɗnaange Brough of Bigging. Stack oo ina siforee sahaa e sahaa fof ko mbaydi ɓurndi famɗude e mawɗo Hoy.[citation needed] Yesnaby kadi ina jeyaa e nokkuuji seeɗa no feewi ɗo Primula scotica mawnata. == Geoloji leydi == Kaaƴe daande maayo ɗee peeñi ko e kaaƴe ɓutte Devonian lesɗe ɗe limtaaɗe e fedde kaaƴe ɓutte Yesnaby - ko dental ɓutte geɗe leydi keertiiɗe e nokku Yesnaby, e leɗɗe dow ɗe kaaƴe ɓutte Stromness les. Stromatolites fossil gila e duuɓi 390 haa 400 miliyoŋ jooni ina tawee e kaaƴe e nder ɗiɗmere ndee. Ɓe nganndiraa ko e nokku hee kaaƴe Dental Puccu ummoraade e nanndiral cikkaangal. == Dina == Leñol Orkney ina hollita wonde debbo ganndiraaɗo "Yesnaby Healer" ina joginoo mbaawka haɗde ƴiiƴam e kala neɗɗo, hay so ko e woɗɗude. Koolaaɗo kuuɓal biyeteeɗo Peter Maxwell Davies, waɗii Yesnaby e nder "Yesnaby Ground", jimɗi biyeteeɗi Interlude ngam piyanɗe gooto. Duɗal ganndal arkewolosi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde toowngal e duuɗe fuɗɗii eɓɓaande wiɗto Yesnaby Art & Archeology Tariya E nder wolde adunaare ɗimmere, batte kaɓtorɗe diwooje mahiraa ko e dow tulde kaaƴe to Yesnaby, e nder defte diɗɗal Royal Navy to Scapa Flow. Batiri oo ko Royal Navy joginoo ɗum, won heen batte mahdiiji wolde ina keddii.<ref>{{cite book|title=A Topographical Dictionary of Scotland: From Abbey to Jura, Vol I|url=https://archive.org/details/topographicaldv200lewi|author=Samuel Lewis|year=1846|page=646}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=A Topographical Dictionary of Scotland, Vol II|author=Samuel Lewis|year=1846|page=452}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/login/?next=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2FYesnabyArtArchaeologyResearchProject|title=Facebook|website=Facebook}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Miller|first=James|title=Scapa, Britain's Famous Wartime Naval Base|url=https://archive.org/details/scapabritainsfam0000mill|publisher=Birlinn|year=2001|pages=[https://archive.org/details/scapabritainsfam0000mill/page/99 99]–101|isbn=1843410052}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> oxjz3vesc1daem21yr4hok7619dbom1 0 41360 181094 169365 2026-08-05T02:09:28Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181094 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Ynysmaerdy''' ko wuro sara Talbot Green e Llantrisant e nder leydi Galles. Hay so tawii alaa laawol to wuro Llanharan, sabu keeri parwisaaji ɓooyɗi ina fawii e renndo Llanharan. Ko ɗoon woni galle opitaal laamɗo biyeteeɗo Glamorgan.<ref>{{cite web|title=Constituency Map of Pontypridd|url=https://streetguide.co.uk/maps/parliament/2023/Pontypridd|website=streetguide.co.uk|date=July 2024|access-date=28 September 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|editor1-first=John|editor1-last=Davies|editor1-link=John Davies (historian)|editor2-first=Nigel|editor2-last=Jenkins|editor2-link=Nigel Jenkins|editor3-first=Baines|editor3-last=Menna|editor4-first=Peredur I.|editor4-last=Lynch|title=The Welsh Academy Encyclopaedia of Wales|url=https://archive.org/details/welshacademyency0000unse|year=2008|publisher=University of Wales Press|page=[https://archive.org/details/welshacademyency0000unse/page/500 500]|location=Cardiff|isbn=978-0-7083-1953-6}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == <references /> qrgdll1bo1thjipgl7em62nmoxcod4p 0 41477 181006 170485 2026-08-05T00:37:47Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 3 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181006 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ali Ghider''' (Aarabeere: علي قدر) woni ko kilooji jeenay (9) bannge hirnaange wuro Teseney to leydi Eritree. Ngo jeyaa ko e diiwaan Teseney, ina waɗi yimɓe heewɓe. Ina hiisee wonde koɗki gadiiɗi e nder leydi Eritree hade mum yettaade Keeri Sudaan, ina woni e nokkuuji lesɗi. Demal, jawdi, e njulaagu ina njogii nafoore mawnde e faggudu nokku oo. Ali Ghider ina jogii ndiyam njareteeɗam ummoraade e maayo Gash kam e geɗe ndiyam les leydi. Laawol ndiyam ngol waɗii marsandiis artificiel sara maayo Gash, ko ɗoon woni hoɗorde mawnde wonande kullon keewkon.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.shabait.com/articles/nation-building/9870-teseney-sub-zone-economic-agricultural-and-multi-cultural-hub-part-i-|title=Teseney Sub-Zone: Economic, Agricultural and Multi-Cultural Hub|date=15 June 2012|accessdate=8 July 2015|website=Eritrea - Ministry of Information|publisher=|last=Ghebrehiwet|first=Kesete}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{cite book|title=Eritrea|url=https://archive.org/details/eritreabradttrav0000deni|last=Denison|first=Edward|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|year=2007|isbn=978-1-84162-171-5|location=Guilford, Connecticut|pages=[https://archive.org/details/eritreabradttrav0000deni/page/216 216]–217|edition=4th}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Wake Up, Hanna!: Reintegration and Reconstruction Challenges for Post-War Eritrea|url=https://archive.org/details/wakeuphannareint0000mehr|last=Mehreteab|first=Amanuel|publisher=The Red Sea Press, Inc.|year=2004|isbn=1-56902-192-9|location=Lawrenceville, New Jersey|pages=[https://archive.org/details/wakeuphannareint0000mehr/page/98 98]}}</ref> Ali Ghider wonnoo ko wuro keeriingo Itaali. Ali Ghider ko nokku ndema, ndema hottollo e gese goɗɗe, ina heen sorko, njuumri, e taf, tawi ko Sosiyetee Impresse Afrique (SIA) toppitii ɗum. SIA walli ngam ƴellitde Ali Ghider ngam wontude wuro sosiyetee, hoɗnude remooɓe renndo e gollotooɓe woɗɓe e ndema kaa. Duɗal e kilinik ndarnaa, e kitaale 1950, ndema kaa gollinii 2 000 Eritreenaajo e 15 Itaalinaajo, "hokki hoɗorde 12 000 gollotooɓe woɗɓe e terɗe galleeji." Hasre Itaali anndaande, sosaande duuɓi keewɗi to Ali Ghider, ko ndema hottollo Barattolo, nde Roberto Barattolo sosi e hitaande 1965 e coodgu SIA. Ngaal keɓgol e SIA addani Barattolo waawde yaltinde kaɓirɗe njulaagu to Orop e Fuɗnaange hakkundeejo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sitefactsheet.php?id=6230|title=Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas|date=2001|accessdate=8 July 2015|website=Bird Life International|publisher=|last=|first=}}</ref> Ali Ghider heɓi bonneede no feewi e doggol konu Ecoppi. Heewɓe e geɗe Itaali heddiiɗe e jamaanu mum ko wuro keeriingo, mbonnaama e hitaande 2001 e golle konu Ecoppi.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":1">{{cite book|title=Historical Dictionary of Eritrea|url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000conn|last=Connell|first=Dan|publisher=Scarecrow Press, Inc.|year=2011|isbn=978-0-8108-7505-0|location=Lanham, Maryland|pages=[https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000conn/page/62 62]–64, 115|edition=2nd|last2=Killion|first2=Tom}}</ref><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":1" /> == Tuugnorgal == afmykoqyu3yevruvnne5x5zhbx3me4m 0 41521 181029 170733 2026-08-05T01:05:53Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181029 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Duundeeji Doumeira''' (Farayse: Douméra, Somali: Dumeera, Tigrinya: ዱሜራ, Arab: دميرة) ina tawee fuɗnaange-rewo Jibuuti e fuɗnaange Eritree sara Bab el-Mandeb e nder maayo geec. Ɗe ngoni ko e Doumeira, tawa ina woɗɗi daande maayo Eritree e Jibuti ko famɗi fof kiloomeeteer gooto, e duunde Kallîda ɓurnde famɗude, nde 250 meeter (820 ft) to fuɗnaange.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.law.fsu.edu/library/collection/LimitsinSeas/numericalibs-template.html|title=International Boundary Studies for most of the world|accessdate=2008-11-24|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080924211639/http://www.law.fsu.edu/library/collection/LimitsinSeas/numericalibs-template.html|archivedate=2008-09-24}}</ref> == Tariya == Nanondiral keeriwal 1900 ngal jooni ngal, hollitii wonde keeri hakkunde leyɗeele ɗii puɗɗotoo ko to Kap Doumeira (Ras Doumeira) to maayo geec, ina doga fotde kiloomeeteeruuji 1,5 (0,93 mi) e dow feccere ndiyam duunde ndee. Yanti heen, porotokol 1900 hollitii wonde Île Doumeira (Duunde Doumeira) ɗoon e ɗoon e maayo e duuɗe mum tokoose ɗe ngoni ɗoon, ndokkaaka njiimaandi, tee maa keddo nokku mo alaa konu.<ref>{{cite book|last=Langer|first=William L.|title=An Encyclopaedia of World History|url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofwo0000will_q4k3|year=1948|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Company|location=Boston|page=[https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofwo0000will_q4k3/page/990 990]}}</ref>.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dur.ac.uk/ibru/news/boundary_news/?itemno=6456|title=Djibouti-Eritrea boundary row re-emerges|date=2008-04-28|accessdate=2009-08-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/SITREP150908.PDF|title=The Eritrea-Djibouti border dispute|date=2008-09-15|publisher=Institute for Security Studies|accessdate=2014-07-14}}</ref> E lewru Yarkomaa 1935, Itali e Farayse ciifi nanondiral Farayse e Itali, ɗo, e nder geɗe goɗɗe, nokku keeriiɗo to bannge worgo Somaliland Farayse (Djibouti), ina heen duuɗe Doumeira, rokkaa Itali (Eritree). Kono naamnal jaɓgol ngalɗoo nanondiral, e rokkude ɗum geɗe keewɗe e Jibuuti to Eritree, ina naamnii. E lewru saawiyee 1996 leyɗe ɗiɗi ɗee ina ɓadii haɓde caggal nde jaagorde Jibuuti tuumi Eritree ina fiyra Ras Doumeira. Nokku oo woni ko e hare hakkunde Jibuuti e Eritree e hitaande 2008 hakkunde leyɗeele ɗiɗi ɗee. E lewru suwee 2018, duuɓi sappo caggal wolde ndee, haalaama wonde Jibuuti e Eritree nanondirii ngam artirde jokkondiral mum en.<ref>{{cite news|title=US condemns Eritrea 'aggression'|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7450075.stm|access-date=15 June 2008|date=12 June 2008}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == gl36xdhdl22vxndc8fqo6yddba1s5td 0 41522 180810 170739 2026-08-04T20:52:11Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180810 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tufnde Dubbi''' ko tufnde ɓuuɓnde (stratovolcan) tawaande e nder diiwaan maayo woɗeewo fuɗnaange leydi Eritree. Toowgol mayre ko 1 625 m (5 331 ft). Ko ɓuuɓol nayi anndaa. E hitaande 1400, laana ndiwoowa anndaama ina yettoo maayo woɗeewo tawi e hitaande 1861, cumu nguu werlaa ko ɓuri 250 km (160 mi) e dow tulde ndee. Kewuuji ɗiɗi goɗɗi ina tuumaa hakkunde 1861 e teeminannde 20ɓiire.<ref>{{cite book|last=Ambraseys|first=Nicolas|authorlink=Nicholas Ambraseys|author2=Melville, C.P.|author3=Adams, R.D.|title=The Seismicity of Egypt, Arabia and the Red Sea: A Historical Review|url=https://archive.org/details/seismicityofegyp0000ambr|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1994|isbn=0-521-39120-2}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qW1UNwhuhnUC&pg=PA134|title=Eruptions That Shook the World|isbn=978-0-521-64112-8|last=Oppenheimer|first=Clive|date=2011-06-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=http://geology.gsapubs.org/content/28/4/291|doi=10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28<291:LKHEIA>2.0.CO;2|issn=0091-7613|year=2000|volume=28|pages=291|title=Largest known historical eruption in Africa: Dubbi volcano, Eritrea, 1861|last1=Wiart|first1=Pierre|last2=Oppenheimer|first2=Clive|journal=Geology|issue=4|bibcode=2000Geo....28..291W|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1080/014311600210353|title=Eruptive history of Dubbi volcano, northeast Afar (Eritrea), revealed by optical and SAR image interpretation|year=2000|last1=Wiart|first1=P. A. M.|last2=Oppenheimer|first2=C.|last3=Francis|first3=P.|journal=International Journal of Remote Sensing|volume=21|issue=5|pages=911–936|bibcode=2000IJRS...21..911W|s2cid=128693302}}</ref> Ñalnde 13 lewru juko hitaande 2011, ruulde cumu jogiinde won batte e yah-ngartaa weeyo, siifaama ko Dubbi. Kono, natal satelit ɓurngal laaɓtude caggal ɗuum hollitii wonde Nabro ko ɓuuɓol ngol ɓuuɓnoo.<ref>Blog articles: [http://volcanism.wordpress.com/2011/06/13/eritrea-eruption-update-nabro-volcano-erupts/ "Eritrea eruption update: Nabro volcano erupts&nbsp;(updated)"], [http://www.volcano-blog.com/1/post/2011/06/update-eruption-of-nabro-in-ertitrea-not-dubbi.html "Update: Eruption of Nabro in Ertitrea (not Dubbi!)"]</ref> == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol kaaƴe ɓutte e nder leydi Eritree Doggol ɓulli stratowolkaaji == Tuugnorgal == g29tasgcy3y8em1mgjlu3121ffng5a2 0 41527 181064 170760 2026-08-05T01:44:25Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181064 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Maayo Fah''' ko maayo to leydi Eritree, ngo rewata ko e maayo Anseba, ngo jeyaa ko e maayo Barka. Nde dogata ko sara koɗorde Fah, nde wonnoo ko nokku mawɗo fedde wiyeteende Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe Eritree e wolde ndimaagu Eritree.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Connell|first=Dan|title=Collected articles on the Eritrean revolution. 1: Taking on the superpowers: (1976 - 1982)|url=https://archive.org/details/collectedarticle0002conn|date=2003|publisher=The Red Sea Press|isbn=978-1-56902-189-7|location=Trenton, NJ|page=281}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Giorgis|first=Anderberhan Welde|title=Eritrea at a crossroads: a narrative of triumph, betrayal and hope|date=2014|publisher=Strategic Book Publishing and Rights|isbn=978-1-62857-331-2|location=Houston/Tex|page=53}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == ljsih2m73fqc2p327bwmrgustbok75d 0 41528 180978 170765 2026-08-04T23:55:58Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180978 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Foro''' (Aarabeere: فورو, Tigrinya: ፎሮ) ko wuro wonngo e diiwaan Fuɗnaange maayo geec (Zoba Semienawi Keyih Bahri) to leydi Eritree..<ref>{{cite book|last=Killion|first=Tom|title=Historical Dictionary of Eritrea|url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000kill|isbn=0-8108-3437-5|publisher=The Scarecrow Press|year=1998}}</ref> == Yiyngo == Wuro tokooso wonngo sara daande maayo, Foro mahii ko ɗo maayo Haddas, Aligide e Comaile kawriti. E kitaale 1960, ƴellitaare ndema mawnde waɗii e dow laddeeji mum alluwal. Koɗorɗe Aksumite en Adulis ina tawee fotde kilooji 6 (3,7 mi) to fuɗnaange.<ref>{{citesher=Bradt Travel Guides|year=2007|edition=Fourth|pages=174|isbn=978-1-84162-171-5}}</ref> == Koɗorɗe ndiyam Foro == {{Databox}} == Tuugnorgal == dywl8qjxm8di2hlyh65o3p41otx616p 0 41529 180820 170769 2026-08-04T21:03:10Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180820 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Diiwaan Foro''' ko diiwaan gonɗo e nder diiwaan Fuɗnaange maayo geec (Zoba Foro) to leydi Eritree. Laamorgo mayri woni ko Foro.<ref>{{cite book|last=Killion|first=Tom|title=Historical Dictionary of Eritrea|url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000kill|isbn=0-8108-3437-5|publisher=The Scarecrow Press|year=1998}}</ref> == Yiyngo == Wuro ngoo woni ko sara daande maayo. Ko kawral maayo Haddas, Aligide e maayo Comaile ina rewi e diiwaan hee. E nder kitaale 1960, ƴellitaare ndema mawnde ina woodi e dow laddeeji diiwaan oo. == Teskorɗe == 29wo0esubku7r8kj1qhgzjh5acafdj7 0 41635 181001 171207 2026-08-05T00:29:30Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181001 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tedla Bairu''' (1914 haa 1981) ko neɗɗo dawrugol leydi Eritree. Ko kanko woni hooreejo leydi Eritree cakkitiiɗo jeytaare mum e hitaande 1952. Ko kanko woni hooreejo leydi Eritree gadano gila 1952 e nder fedde nde e Ecoppi, haa o woppi laamu e hitaande 1955.<ref>{{cite book|last=Killion|first=Tom|title=Historical Dictionary of Eritrea|url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000kill|isbn=0-8108-3437-5|publisher=The Scarecrow Press|year=1998}}</ref> Caggal nde laamɗo biyeteeɗo Haile Selassie dooli mo woppude laamu, o toɗɗaa ammbasadeer to Suwed ummoraade Ecoppi, e hitaande 1967 o woppi fedde ndimaagu Eritree. == Tuugnorgal == 5rdj7isl94i0su0irh73ksmbauh54px 0 41640 181169 171233 2026-08-05T03:26:09Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181169 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hamid Ferej jibinaa''' ko to Barka e nder leydi Eritree hannde ndii. Ko o neɗɗo mawɗo e dawrugol leydi Eritree. E hitaande 1956 o suɓaa hooreejo suudu sarɗiiji leydi Eritree. Ko kanko woni hooreejo suudu sarɗiiji leydi Eritree tuggi hitaande 1956 haa 1962.1962.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Iyob|first1=Ruth|title=The Eritrean struggle for independence : domination, resistance, nationalism, 1941-1993|url=https://archive.org/details/eritreanstruggle0000iyob|date=1995|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=978-0521595919}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=[[Africa: Rivista trimestrale di studi e documentazione|Africa: Rivista trimestrale di studi e documentazione dell'Istituto italiano per l'Africa e l'Oriente]] Anno 60, No. 1 (Marzo 2005), pp. 1-64 (64 pages)}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=THE SECOND ASSEMBLY OF ERITREA Asmara, 12 September 1956|url=https://ደጊም.com/2022/02/25/the-second-assembly-of-eritrea-asmara-12-september-1956/|publisher=ደጊም.com|access-date=8 October 2022}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == nnv28yqbl99lqh0vq5reaprvob3gosa 0 41647 181022 171268 2026-08-05T00:56:46Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181022 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Beraki Gebreselassie''' ko dawruyanke leydi Eritree. O naati EPLF ko e hitaande 1972, gila nde o heɓi jeytaare makko, o joginoo ɗeeɗoo golle : tergal e Diiso Catal PFDJ, tergal e Asaambele ngenndi, Sekereteer Jaŋde, Jaagorgal kumpital e ammbasadeer to Almaañ, The Holy See, Poloñ, Hong Kong e Otiris. O nanngaa ko e hitaande 2001 e nder fedde G15, fedde jaagorɗe e ardiiɓe mawɓe EPLF, ƴaañooɓe ngam waylude politik. Alaa ñaawoore waɗaa e anndaaka so omo wuuri.<ref>{{cite book|last=Mussie Tesfagiorgis G|title=Eritrea (Africa in Focus)|url=https://archive.org/details/eritrea0000tesf|year=2011|publisher=ABC Clio|isbn=978-1-59884-231-9|page=[https://archive.org/details/eritrea0000tesf/page/255 255]}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == 46y5uj4t9s798u3pv95sqoh8xp4aaii 0 41652 180996 171296 2026-08-05T00:24:49Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180996 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lannda PFDJ''' Fozia Hashim ko gonnooɗo hooreejo Ñaawirde Toownde leydi Eritree. Ko debbo juulɗo iwdi Tigray. E hitaande 1993, o toɗɗaa jaagorgal ko fayti e Ñaawooje.<ref>{{cite book|last=Killion|first=Tom|title=Historical Dictionary of Eritrea|url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000kill|isbn=0-8108-3437-5|publisher=The Scarecrow Press|year=1998}}</ref> Ko o jaagorgal ko fayti e sariya ko kanko halfinaa yuɓɓinde njuɓɓudi Ñaawirde ndee e winndude kuulal kesal. Denndaangal Proclamations e kuule sariya ko biro makko ƴeewtotoo ɗum en. E gardagol makko ñaawirɗe renndo cuɓiima ñaawooɓe mum en..<ref>{{cite book|last=Killion|first=Tom|title=Historical Dictionary of Eritrea|url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000kill|isbn=0-8108-3437-5|publisher=The Scarecrow Press|year=1998}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == 9j1bhscu601ocs76l3jmp0opq5ajcl9 0 41675 180893 171400 2026-08-04T22:22:38Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180893 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sheek Ali Radai''' ko politikyanke to Eritree, o waɗii darnde tiiɗnde e nder dingiral politik Eritree gadanal. Sheek Ali Radai woni hooreejo gadano suudu sarɗiiji leydi Eritree. == Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗagol == Sheek Aali Radai jibinaa ko hitaande 1913 to Keren, leydi Eritree. Baaba Radai, Mohammed Muusaa ko jom jawdi en. Radai winnditaama e duɗal Qur'aana Keren kadi o woniino almuudo e duɗal ñeeñal e karallaagal ("Salvago Raggi"). O golliima e kaɓirgal kam e kaŋŋe, haa o dañi udditde yeeyirdu makko ndu o mahi e hitaande 1934 e yeeyirdu mawndu e geɗe mbaylaandi e geɗe mbaylaandi.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Killion|first1=Tom|title=Historical dictionary of Eritrea|url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000kill|date=1998|publisher=Scarecrow Press|location=Lanham, Md.|isbn=978-0-8108-3437-8}}</ref> == Golle politik == Sheek Ali Radai ina jeyaa e sosɓe fedde juulɓe leydi Eritree. E darorɗe kitaale 1940 Radai suɓaama yo won binndoowo laawɗuɗo e fedde Keren fedde juulɓe. Ko o baawɗo no feewi e nder njuɓɓudi ndii. E hitaande 1952 Sheek Ali Radai suɓaama e nder parlemaa leydi Eritree. Caggal nde parlemaa e sariyaaji fedde nde peewni, Sheek Ali Radai suɓaama ngam wonde hooreejo gadano parlemaa Eritree e hitaande 1952. O wonii hooreejo laawɗuɗo parlemaa gila hitaande 1952 haa 1955. Caggal hitaande 1956 o golliima e jaagorde njuɓɓudi laamu Eritrea e ran.<ref name="auto">{{Cite journal|title=[[Africa: Rivista trimestrale di studi e documentazione|Africa: Rivista trimestrale di studi e documentazione dell'Istituto italiano per l'Africa e l'Oriente]]}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == rf7dx3izsmpj1i0ol2xdg2ozzap9sxi 0 41678 180968 171415 2026-08-04T23:45:18Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180968 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alamin Mohammed Seid''' (Aarabeere : الأمين محمد سيد ; 1946 walla 1947 – 15 noowammbar 2021) ko dawriyaŋke leydi Eritree.<ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/202111160139.html Eritrea: Mr. Alamin Mohammed-Sied, Secretary of PFDJ, Passes Away]</ref> O jibinaa ko to Massawa, to leydi Eritree. Alamin ina jeyaa e wolde ndimaagu Eritree gila 1964 nde o naati e fedde ndimaagu Eritree. Caggal ɗuum o naati e ko wiyetee Fedde Ndimaagu Leñol Eritree (EPLF) e hitaande 1970. E nder wolde ndimaagu o woniino hooreejo departemaa jokkondiral caggal leydi EPLF. Alamin waɗii kadi ko juuti jaagorgal kumpital e pinal. Kanko e Isaias Afewerki ko kamɓe tan ngoni terɗe Goomu Ngatamaare EPLF, tawi ko kamɓe ngoni e nder Goomu Ngatamaare Fedde Yimɓe ngam Demokaraasi e Nuunɗal e nder batu tataɓo. E nder ndeeɗoo Kongres o suɓaama e jappeere Sekereteer, ɗo o gollinoo.<ref>{{cite book|last=Killion|first=Tom|title=Historical Dictionary of Eritrea|url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000kill|isbn=0-8108-3437-5|publisher=The Scarecrow Press|year=1998}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == d3mxbxygxjyr61q0fsp6onesr0is3ai 0 41687 181067 171493 2026-08-05T01:46:48Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181067 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Haile Woldense,''' Durue walla Woldensae (Tigrinya: ሃይለ ወልደትንሳኤ) ko dawriyanke Eritree.<ref>{{cite book|title=Historical Dictionary of Eritrea|url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000kill|first=Tom|last=Killion|year=1998|isbn=0-8108-3437-5}}</ref> Woldense jibinaa ko e hitaande 1946, o janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde to Asmara. Caggal nde o heɓi bak makko, o jaɓaa e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Addis Abeba. Ko ɗoon o hawri e Isaias Afewerki, ɓe ngummii e duɗal ngam naatde e fedde ndimaagu Eritree.<ref>[http://www.africa.upenn.edu/eue_web/hoa0497.htm "President quietly shuffles cabinet"], ''Indian Ocean Newsletter'', 29 March 1997 (''Horn of Africa Monthly Review'', 21 February&#x2013;28 April 1997).</ref> E hitaande 1974 o naati tergal e ko wonata Goomu Catal Fedde Ndimaagu Yimɓe Eritree (EPLF), o naati e Biro Politik. Ko kanko woni hooreejo duɗal kaɓirɗe EPLF, wayluɗo dillere ndee.<ref name="AI">{{cite news|title=Eritrea: Prisoners of conscience held for a decade must be released|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/news-and-updates/eritrea-prisoners-conscience-held-decade-must-be-released-2011-09-15|publisher=Amnesty International|date=15 September 2011|accessdate=26 December 2011}}</ref> Caggal jeytaare o wonti jaagorgal kaalis e ƴellitaare, o woni e oon nokku haa hitaande 1997. E cakkital lewru feebariyee 1997, o toɗɗaa jaagorgal geɗe caggal leydi. E nder ndeeɗoo darnde, o siifondiri nanondiral darnugol hareeji e lewru suwee 2000, addani hare Eritree e Ecoppi joofnude no haanirta nii. Caggal nde wolde joofi, jokkondiral makko e hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Isaias Afwerki, ɓeydii bonde, o jippinaa e jaagorgal ko feewti e njulaagu. E lewru suwee 2000, o nanngaa ko gooto e fedde G-15, noddinnde peewnugol demokaraasi e huutoraade doosgal leydi Eritree. Fedde Amnesty International ina jokki e wiyde wonde Woldense e terɗe G-15 keddiiɗe ɗee ko nanngaaɓe e ɓerɗe mum en, ɓe mbiyi yo ɓe njaltu ko yaawi. == Tuugnorgal == lnuqnzbdxwef6z0ak5apnt1o5haohs9 0 41715 181038 171655 2026-08-05T01:13:30Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181038 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Maguy''' (Margaret) Rashidi Kabamba jibinaa ko ñalnde 3 ut 1960) ko binndoowo, firoowo, jeyaaɗo to Ndenndaandi Konngo Kinsaasa. Omo jogii B.A. keɓtinaaɗo e Firo to Duɗal Jaaɓihaaɗtirde York, Toronto, Kanadaa e M.A. e Farayse mawɗo, Españool tokooso to Duɗal Jaaɓihaaɗtirde Saint-Louis, St. Deftere makko La Dette coloniale (Njaru koloñaal) yalti ko e hitaande 1995. Deftere ndee ina ƴetta ƴeewndo laaɓtungo e ko Afriknaaɓe heewɓe ngoongɗini wonde nguurndam moƴƴam ina waawi taweede e nder Orop. Tiitoonde maggal ina hollita filosof wonde heɓde jawdi e kaalis e kala fannu (ɗum woni bonannde) ko yoɓde walla jogaade hakke. Konngol ngol ardiiɓe leydi Konngo keewi huutoreede. Deftere makko ɗiɗmere ndee wiyetee ko La réponse, deftere woɗnde nde o winndi natal renndo Konngo hannde.<ref>{{cite book|last=Koser|first=Khalid|title=New African Diasporas|url=https://archive.org/details/newafricandiaspo0000unse_h8y3|year=2003|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=978-0-415-30949-3|page=[https://archive.org/details/newafricandiaspo0000unse_h8y3/page/134 134]}}</ref> E hitaande jaŋde 2007-2008, o golliima e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Dulles (Sugar Land, Teksas) ko jannginoowo Farayse I-III. == Golle == Dette koloñaal: romaan en. Montreal: Neɗɗaŋke, hitaande 1995. Jaabawol ngol: romaan. Korka: Ɓiɗɗo Deftere, 2013. == Teskorɗe == ah09cww8mnqs86swh2kj659u68dloj3 0 41716 181179 171660 2026-08-05T03:35:03Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181179 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Al Hajj Mahmuud Kati''' (walla Mahmuud Kati) ko ganndo Songhaay juulɗo afriknaajo. Ko kanko woni binnduɗo daartol Afrik hirnaange biyeteeɗo Tarikh al-fattash, hay so tawii binndol ngol ina luulndii.<ref name="Jr.Akyeampong2012">{{cite book|author=Christopher Wise|author-link=Christopher Wise|editor1=Henry Louis Gates, Jr.|editor1-link=Henry Louis Gates Jr.|editor2=Emmanuel Akyeampong|editor2-link=Emmanuel K. Akyeampong|editor3=Steven J. Niven|title=Dictionary of African Biography|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=39JMAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA309|year=2012|publisher=OUP USA|isbn=978-0-19-538207-5|pages=309–312|chapter=Kati, Mahmoud}}</ref> Kati mawni ko to Kurmina kono ko ɓuri heewde e nguurndam makko mawɗo o wuuri ko to Timbuktu. E lewru ut 1583, o winnditii ɓuuɓol meteor. Yanaande makko woni ɗiɗmere ɓurnde mawnude e Timbuktu, caggal nde Mohammed Bagayogo, ko nokku hijjoore.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Hammer|first=Joshua|title=The Bad-Ass Librarians of Timbuktu And Their Race to Save the World's Most Precious Manuscripts|url=https://archive.org/details/badasslibrarians0000hamm_h2n4|publisher=Simon & Schuster|year=2016|isbn=978-1-4767-7743-6|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/badasslibrarians0000hamm_h2n4/page/26 26]–27}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Holbrook|first=Jarita C.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4DJpDW6IAukC&pg=PA182|title=African Cultural Astronomy|author2=Medupe, R. Thebe|author3=[[Johnson Urama]]|date=2008|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-4020-6638-2|access-date=19 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210817020340/https://books.google.com/books?id=4DJpDW6IAukC&pg=PA182|archive-date=17 August 2021|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Jr.Akyeampong20122" /> == Tuugnorgal == 79brlf9kapkw9i57fky0wfxwljjazpx 0 42048 180805 173342 2026-08-04T20:47:37Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180805 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alfred V. Barillari''' (4 sulyee 1917 – 25 suwee 2000) ko ƴarotooɗo baseball jibinaaɗo to diiwaan New York, kadi ko ƴaañoowo mo wonaa ƴaañoowo, gardiiɗo ligue tokooso, ƴeewoowo ngam Cleveland Indians e ñaawoowo fedde basketball ngenndiire.<ref>[https://www.baseball-reference.com/minors/player.cgi?id=barill001alf BR Minors]</ref> == Fijo golle == Barillari fuɗɗii golle mum ko e hitaande 1944, o woni e ndeen darnde haa hitaande 1948. O waɗii kadi sahaa e nder fannu hee e nder ɗeen duuɓi, o arti e fannu oo haa timmi e hitaande 1948–1949. O fiyi e dow diamant fof, e kala nokkuuji nder ladde, catcher e nder ladde.<ref name="book">{{cite book|last=Johnson|first=Lloyd|title=The Encyclopedia of Minor League Baseball: Second Edition|url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofmi0000unse_j2m1|year=1997|publisher=Baseball America|isbn=0-9637189-8-3}}</ref> Ko o pitcher, o yahi 38–31 e nder 121 pottital, o dañii ko ina tolnoo e 15 pottital e nder yontere. O moofti ko famɗi fof 370 hits e plate, o fiyi ko ina tolnoo e .257. Ina gasa tawa sahaa makko ɓurɗo moƴƴude ko hitaande 1948 e Port Chester Clippers, nde o fiyi .302 e dogdu joy e nder galle makko e nder 89 pottital. O sakkitii fiyde ko e hitaande 1956. == Golle njuɓɓudi == Barillari ardii gila 1947 haa 1957, o ardii Clippers (1947-1948), Bristol Owls (1949-1950), Gloversville-Johnstown Glovers (1951), Granby Phillies (1952-1953), Trois-Riviriya Inndonaaɓe (1956), Hawɓe geec Port Artur (1956) e Port Artur boɗeeji/koyɗe boɗeeje suudu dewal (1957). Ardii Clippers e Sea Hawks ngam heɓde kaɓirɗe ligue ɗe ɓe keɓi foolde e hitaande 1948 e hitaande 1956. == Tuugnorgal == 1evnqu5zlui48jkphwv3rw35w9vqx4w 0 42077 181105 173520 2026-08-05T02:19:29Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181105 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Arthur George Demmas''' (7 sulyee 1934 – 6 ut 2016) ko gardiiɗo fuku Amerik fotde duuɓi 28. O golliima e fedde fuku koyɗe Amerik (AFL) e hitaande 1968 e 1969, e nder fedde fuku koyɗe ngenndiire (NFL) tuggi 1970 haa 1996. E nder golle makko, Demmas halfinaama Super Bowls nay (XIII, XVII, XXV, e XXVIII), kam en fof e wonde umpire. E nder ladde, Demmas ɓoornii ko uniforme limoore 78, ko Greg Meyer ɓoorni ɗum jooni. O woniino wakiliijo ligue e ƴeewoowo NFL, o golliima kadi ko jannginoowo ardiiɓe NFL. E hitaande 1997, o naatnaa e suudu teskinndu dingiral Tennessee. Demmas wonnoo ko gardiiɗo e nder Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe (NFF), o wonti hooreejo fedde mum to Middle Tennessee. Yuɓɓo ngoo ina anndi hol wonɓe e suudu teskinndu fuku koyɗe kolees.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://footballfoundation.org/roster.aspx?rp_id=515|title=Art Demmas|publisher=National Football Foundation}}</ref> == Nguurndam == Demmas golliima ko heewi e nguurndam mum ko e umpire e nder ekipaaji banndiiko AFL, arbit Ben Dreith.<ref name="VUC">{{Cite web|url=http://www.vucommodores.com/sports/historycorner/spec-rel/103112aab.html|title=Demmas was NFL official|access-date=August 7, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tshf.net/halloffame/demmas-art/|title=Demmas, Art « Tennessee Sports Hall of Fame|website=tshf.net|access-date=August 7, 2016}}</ref><ref name="VUC" /> E nder feccere nayaɓere Super Bowl XIII, kisal Dallas Cowboys, Charlie Waters, yani e Demmas nde o woni e yahde e nokku ngam haɓtaade Pittsburgh Steelers dognoowo caggal Franco Harris. Harris waɗii toɓɓere e nder fijo ngo, rokki Steelers ardaade 28-17, Pittsburgh yahi haa heɓi fijo ngo, 35-31.<ref name="Derrdreams">{{cite book|last1=Derr|first1=Andrew|title=Life of Dreams : The Good Times of Sportswriter Fred Russell|url=https://archive.org/details/lifeofdreamsgood0000derr|date=2012|publisher=Mercer University Press|location=Macon, Ga.|isbn=9780881462784|edition=1st}}</ref><ref name="tennsportshof1">{{cite web|title=Art Demmas|url=http://tshf.net/halloffame/demmas-art/|website=tshf.net|publisher=Tennessee Sports Hall of Fame|access-date=August 29, 2021}}</ref> Demmas ko jeyaaɗo to Nashville, Tennessee, o fiyi fuku koyɗe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Vanderbilt, o janngi fijo ngoo e juuɗe Jess Neely, gardinooɗo fuku koyɗe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde. Caggal nde o heɓi bak makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Vanderbilt, Demmas winnditii e porogaraam Korse heblo ofiseeji reserve. O yamiraa ko lietnaa ɗiɗaɓo, o halfinaa detal Intelligence konu Amerik. O suɓii ko manndaa duuɓi jeetati, puɗɗoriiɗo lebbi jeegom golle tiiɗɗe e duuɓi jeeɗiɗi e feccere golle rezerw. Demmas wonnoo ko gardiiɗo e nder Fooyre Ɓamtaare Fulɓe (NFF), fedde toppitiinde hol wonɓe e suudu teskinndu fuku koyɗe kolees. O wonti hooreejo fedde mum to Tennessee hakkundeere. : 193 O golliima e jannginoowo ardiiɓe NFL. E hitaande 1997, o naatnaa e suudu teskinndu dingiral Tennessee. Demmas sankii ko e lewru ut 2016, tawi ina yahra e duuɓi 82. == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol ardiiɓe Ligue des Champions Amerik Doggol yimɓe duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Vanderbilt == Tuugnorgal == soe961f7y3k9flv0j0vrozwi0qv8fg4 0 42131 181173 173973 2026-08-05T03:30:00Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181173 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Greg Meyer''' ko gardiiɗo fuku koyɗe Ameriknaajo e nder fedde fuku koyɗe ngenndiire (NFL) gila e hitaande 2002 NFL. O ɓoornii ko uniforme limoore 78. O heɓi dipolomaaji makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Texas Christian, o fuɗɗii golle makko e hitaande 1995 to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde, tawi ko famɗi fof ko pijirlooji tati ceertuɗi e bowl. Duuɓi jeeɗiɗi caggal ɗuum, o naati e gollordu ardorde NFL, o woni ñaawoowo ladde, e hitaande rewtunde ndee, o wonti ñaawoowo bannge, o woni e oon nokku haa hitaande 2016, nde o wonti ñaawoowo caggal. O ardii pijirlooji seeɗa caggal nde NFL waɗi, ina jeyaa heen Super Bowl XLIV to Miami e Kaawisaaji Minneapolis.<ref>Rick Waters, [https://web.archive.org/web/20100610094637/http://www.magazine.tcu.edu/TCUPeople/Article.aspx?ArticleId=91 "Greg Meyer '81 refs in Super Bowl: Former TCU pitcher has officiated NFL games as side judge since 2002 season."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610094637/http://www.magazine.tcu.edu/TCUPeople/Article.aspx?ArticleId=91|date=June 10, 2010}} ''The TCU Magazine'', February 24, 2010.</ref> Meyer, jooɗiiɗo to wuro wiyeteengo Fort Worth, to Texas, ina jogii debbo biyeteeɗo Debby, ɓiɗɗo debbo biyeteeɗo Morgan e ɓiɗɗo gorko biyeteeɗo Reid. Yaasi NFL, Meyer ko banke.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Official NFL Record and Fact Book 2010|url=https://archive.org/details/officialnflrecor0000unse|author=NFL|date=July 27, 2010|isbn=978-1603208338}}</ref> Wonande daawal NFL 2017, Meyer maa gollo e fedde toppitiinde golle e gardagol Bill Vinovich.<ref>{{Cite web|date=June 13, 2017|title=Officiating crews for the 2017 season|url=https://www.footballzebras.com/2017/06/officiating-crews-2017-season/|access-date=February 17, 2024|website=Football Zebras|language=en-US}}</ref> == Himobe== tv5goudnoxjfrjil8vjhlxleyvuo33l 0 42218 181003 174403 2026-08-05T00:32:01Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181003 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Senator Joseph Sarwuan Tarka CFR''' (10 sulyee 1932 – 30 mars 1980) ko politikaajo leydi Najeriya ummoriiɗo e diiwaan Benue, gonnooɗo jaagorgal ko fayti e yah-ngartaa e caggal ɗuum jokkondiral e gardagol Seneraal Yakubu Gowon. O jeyaa ko e terɗe sosɗe fedde wiyeteende United Middle Belt Congress, fedde politik daraniinde reende e wallitde leydi ndii.<ref>{{cite book|last=Falola|first=Toyin|author-link=Toyin Falola|title=The History of Nigeria|year=1999|publisher=Greenwood Press|isbn=0-313-30682-6|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofnigeria00falo}}</ref> == Ɓawo == Tarka jibinaa ko ñalnde 10 sulyee 1932 to Igbor, e nder diiwaan Benue. O ɓii Tarka Nachi e Ikpa Anyam. Baaba makko ko jannginoowo wuro iwdi Tiv, caggal ɗuum wonti hooreejo duɗal, caggal ɗuum mawɗo to Mbakor, diiwaan Gboko. O janngii duɗal leslesal laamu ngenndiwal, Gboko e duɗal hakkundeewal Katsina Ala. Caggal nde o timmini jaŋde makko, o wonti jannginoowo to duɗal hakkundeewal Katsina-Ala hade makko yahde jaŋde to duɗal ganndal teeru Bauchi. O jeyaa ko e fedde gollotooɓe e laamu leydi Tiv e fedde jannginooɓe to bannge worgo. Nde o woni jannginoowo haa jooni, Tarka woni e yiɗde politik, o heɓi heen humpito ko adii fof ko e ganndo radikal biyeteeɗo Sa’adu Zungur, binndanɗe Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, e konnguɗi Nnamdi Azikiwe.<ref name="aka">{{cite book|page=79ff|title=Great People, Great Country, Nigeria the Beautiful: East Or West, Home Is the Best.|author=Jubril Olabode Aka|publisher=Trafford Publishing|year=2010|isbn=978-1-4269-1831-5}}</ref><ref name="bio">{{cite web|url=http://tahavonline.com/index2.php?option=com_content&do_pdf=1&id=45|title=Senator Tarka: the man and his monument|work=Power Magazine|access-date=2010-04-25}}{{Dead link|date=February 2020|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Daily Times|url=https://archive.org/details/1969_20240528_202405/|title=Nigeria Year Book 1969|date=1969|pages=295}}</ref> == Republique gadano == E hitaande 1954, e dow tikket jokkondirɗo e lannda yimɓe « Middle Belt » , Tarka suɓaama ngam lomtaade diiwaan Jemgbagh to suudu sarɗiiji leydi ndii. E hitaande 1957, lannda yimɓe Ɓooygol hakkundeejo hawri e Ligue des Zone Moyenne ardii David Lot ngam sosde Kongres Ɓooyɗo Ɓooyɗo. Ndeen Tarka yaltii e hooreejo fedde wiyeteende United Moyen Belt Congress (UMBC), lannda kaa ɓooyaani ko jokkondiri e fedde wiyeteende Action Group, lannda ɓurɗo mawnude e diiwaan hirnaange oo. Action Group yiɗiino ballal ngam hawrude e Ilorin e Kabba e Diiwaan Hirnaange e UMBC yiɗiino sosde Dowlaaji hakkundeeji. Tarka woni tergal cuɓaaɗo e batu doosɗe leydi Najeriya e hitaande 1957, kadi ko o wakiiliijo zone Middle Belt e Komiseer Willinks e hitaande 1958. E hitaande 1958, o toɗɗaa ko jaagorgal njulaagu ɗowdi. UMBC mo Tarka, lannda ɓurka heewde ko Kerecee’en, haɓaama e wooteeji ko adii jeytaare leydi ndii e hitaande 1959 e wooteeji garooji ɗii e hitaande 1963, luulndii Kongres yimɓe worgo ɓurɓe heewde juulɓe. Wooteeji ɗiɗi ɗii fof ngaddi fitinaaji e nder diiwaan hakkundeejo, ko ɗum addani Major Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu ƴettude laamu konu ñalnde 15 lewru bowte hitaande 1966. Tarka ko daraniiɗo sosde dowla ngam rokkude doole politik e faggudu pelle tokoose e nder leydi ndii. O wallitorii sosde dowla « Middle Belt » hade republique oo taƴeede. E lewru abriil 1961, hitaande caggal kiris e nder leydi Tiv, Tarka nanngaa fotde jonte tati to Jos e les ruulde wiɗto ngam warhoore e umminde jiiɓru e nder jiiɓru Tiv., nanngugol makko ko lewru woɗɗi e wooteeji diiwaan. E hitaande 1962, UMBC mo fedde Action Group rokki heen feccere, fellitii joofnude jokkondiral mum ngam waɗde jokkondiral kesal e NEPU. Lannda keso oo wiyetee ko Fedde Yimɓe Worgo, Aminu Kano woni hooreejo mum, Tarka woni hooreejo lannda mum.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Dudley, Billy J.|title=Parties and politics in northern Nigeria|url=https://archive.org/details/partiespoliticsi0000dudl|date=1968|publisher=Cass|isbn=0-7146-1658-3|location=London|pages=[https://archive.org/details/partiespoliticsi0000dudl/page/95 95], 96, 184, 195|oclc=310217}}</ref> E hitaande 1962, kanko e ardiiɓe fedde wiyeteende Action Group woɗɓe, o nanngaa ko e tuumeede fenaande kono o woppitaa sabu ŋakkeende hujjaaji. == Caggal golle == Caggal nde Seneraal Gowon heɓi laamu e lewru ut 1966, Tarka toɗɗaa Komisariyaa Fedde nde ko feewti e yah-ngartaa, caggal ɗuum ko feewti e jokkondiral, o woppi laamu e hitaande 1974 caggal nde tuumeede fenaande ummoraade e banndiiko Tiv gooto ina wiyee Godwin Daboh yalti. Kuugal Daboh ngal, ɗon wi'a Paul Unongo e guwerneer lesdi Benue-Plateau, Joseph Gomwalk, ɗon mari haaje hukuumaaji pamari ɗin, nden boo polis'en ɗon wi'a ɓe ɗon mari haaje hukuumaaji pamari ɗi Sunday Adewusi ardii. E nder ardungal ngam artirde demokaraasi bee lesdi Naajeeriya ɗiɗaɓre, Tarka hawti bee siyaasa'en lesdi Naajeeriya ngam sosde lannda lesdi Naajeeriya, nden o heɓi nasaraaku nder suɓol hooreejo lesdi Naajeeriya. O suɓaama senaateer to Benue Fuɗnaange e hitaande 1979, o toɗɗaa hooreejo Goomu Senaa ngam kaalis e jawdi, ko ɗum woni darnde nde o maayi ñalnde 30 marse 1980, tawi omo yahra e duuɓi 48. Ɓiyiiko biyeteeɗo Simeon Tarka, suɓaama e suudu sarɗiiji e hitaande 1979. == Njawdi == Nokkuure laamu lesdi Tarka nder jiha Benue, inniraama ngam teddingo maako. E hitaande 2019 duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde fedde ndema, Makurdi innitiraa mo. == Tuugnorgal == nekc55c7i7c8qnnui5intu5x0bjjcdq 0 42243 180984 174619 2026-08-05T00:00:07Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180984 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Samuel Osaigbovo Ogbemudia''' (17 suwee 1932 – 9 marse 2017) ko ofisee konu leydi Nijeer, ko o dawriyanke. O woniino Guwerneer konu (1967–1975) to Dowla Caka-Hirnaange, caggal ɗuum o innitiraa Dowla Bendel, feccere e mayri caggal ɗuum wonti Dowla Edo. Caggal nde o arti e demokaraasi e hitaande 1999, o wonti jom doole e nder lannda Demokaraasi Leƴƴi (PDP). E lewru suwee 2009, guwerneer Adams Oshiomhole mo diiwaan Edo e woɗɓe tawtoraama ñalngu mawningol duuɓi 77 to leydi Benin. O teskaama ko gooto e baabiraaɓe sosɓe duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde janngirde Benin (UBTH) .<ref name="nt">{{cite news|title=Dr Samuel Ogbemudia dies at 84: Nigerian reacts... – Tribune|url=http://tribuneonlineng.com/dr-samuel-ogbemudia-dies-84-nigerian-reacts/|accessdate=12 March 2017|date=11 March 2017|newspaper=[[Nigerian Tribune]]}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news|date=2017-03-24|title=Samuel Osaigbovo Ogbemudia (1932 - 2017)|url=https://m.guardian.ng/opinion/samuel-osaigbovo-ogbemudia-1932-2017/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-02-27|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}</ref> == Duuɓi gadani == Osaigbovo Ogbemudia jibinaa ko Chinedu Ogbemudia to wuro Benin ñalnde 17 suwee 1932, o inniraa ko mawniiko. O jeyaa ko Igbanke ɓooyɗo Igbo-Akiri to LGA Orhionmwon. E ɗemngal Edo, innde Ogbemudia ina waawi firteede ko "ooɗoo galle arii hoɗde". Kadi firti ko ‘darnde ɓesngu am/hoɗdiiɓe am ko ɗoo ngam jooɗaade’ e ɗemngal Igbo Nde o woni suka o jooɗii e mawniiko gorko, F.S. Uwaifo, to leydi Benne. O naati duɗal Baptist to Benin (1941-1945), caggal ɗuum o naati duɗal laamu wiyeteengal Victoria, to Kamaruun (1945-1947). Jaŋde makko hakkundeere ko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde sukaaɓe hirnaange, to wuro Benin (1947–1949).<ref>{{Cite news|date=2017-03-23|title=Samuel Ogbemudia (1932-2017)|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/samuel-ogbemudia-1932-2017/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-02-28|newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]|language=en-US}}</ref> O naati konu Nijeer e hitaande 1956, o heblo to Teshie, Ganaa e to Netheravon e Salisbury Plain to Angalteer (1957). O naati duɗal Mons Officer Cadet to Aldershot, Angalteer, e hitaande 1960, o yamiraa wonde lietnaa ɗiɗaɓo e hitaande 1961. O naati duɗal wellitaare keeriingal konu Amerik to Fort Bragg, to Karolina worgo e hitaande 1962. Ogbemudia golliima e fedde Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe ngam hisnude jam e hitaande1 1964. O toɗɗaama jannginoowo to duɗal konu leydi Najeriya, Zaria e hitaande 1964. == Career e sahaa laamu konu == E lewru Yarkomaa 1966, kuudetaa liɓi laamu siwil en Nijeer. E lewru sulyee 1966, laamɗo konu Seneraal Major Jonson Aguiyi-Ironsi woppitaa laamu, waraa e ko wiyetee « kuudetaa » Niiseer e hitaande 1966 e gardagol Lietnaa-kolonel Murtala Mohammed. Gardiiɗo konu Ironsi ko Yakubu Gowon wonti hooreejo leydi ndi. Ko o Brigade Major Brigade Ist to Kaduna, Ogbemudia waɗii darnde mawnde e nder kuudetaa oo, nde tawnoo o woppii konu makko to Kaduna e dow miijo gardiiɗo artileriyee Lietnaa-Kolonel Alex Madiebo Major Ogbemudia daɗii ngam tippudi kolonel Hassan katsina e major Abba Kyari. E lewru ut ndeen hitaande o artiraa e komanndaa nokku oo, wuro Benin, o woni Master-General Quartier, komanndaa nokku 4ɓo. Ogbemudia wondude e Major Seneraal Ejoor, Guwerneer Militeer mo diiwaan Mid-west e Pius Ermobor, ofisee humpito ko kamɓe tan ngoni ofiseeji tati jogiiɗi darnde Major e dow mum, jogiiɓe darnde ardorde strateeji, ɓe ngonaa e renndooji haalooɓe ɗemngal Igbo e nder diiwaan Mid-west. Ñalnde 9 ut 1967, konu Biafran, e gardagol Victor Banjo, yani e diiwaan Mid-western e laamorgo mum, wuro Benin, tawi ko seeɗa e reentaade, ko ɗum huunde haawniinde, nde nafoore mum wallitii e feccere e nanondiral hakkunde ardiiɓe Biafra e won e ofiseeji mawɗi ummoriiɗi e 4th Area Command. Ejoor waawii dogde haa Lagos tawi Ogbemudia ina yahra e duuɓi seeɗa ina yuɓɓina dillere reentaare nde yimɓe ɓe ngonaa welɓe e njiimaandi ndii. Caggal mum o ummii o fayi to Galle Konu, Lagos, o naati e Division Infanterie ɗiɗaɓo mo Murtala Mohammed ardii ngam haɓaade Midwest. Ñalnde 20 suwee 1967, konu nguu e gardagol Ogbemudia heɓti wuro Benin e juuɗe konu Biafran.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2017-03-24|title=Samuel Osaigbovo Ogbemudia (1932 - 2017)|url=https://m.guardian.ng/opinion/samuel-osaigbovo-ogbemudia-1932-2017/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-03-18|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Elections 1983|author=Mac Alabi|work=Daily Times|year=1983}}</ref><ref name="biof" /> Ogbemudia toɗɗaama gardiiɗo konu leydi Mid-West e lewru Seeɗto, hitaande 1967 caggal nde leydi ndi woppitaa e juuɗe konu Biafran seertuɗo. O toɗɗaa e Lietnaa Kolonel, Ogbemudia toɗɗaa guwerneer militeer diiwaan oo ñalnde 26 oktoobar 1967. Ko o neɗɗo populist, jiɗɗo mahngo caggal wolde, o fuɗɗii moƴƴinde golle e nder fannuuji dingiral, ƴellitaare wuro, jaŋde, yah-ngartaa jamaa, galleeji e njulaagu. O mahii estaad dingiral Ogbe, jooni o inniri ɗum ko estaad Samuel Ogbemudia, e lewru ut 1973 o yamiri suudu defte ngenndiiru to wuro Benin, mo cuuɗi tati. Eɓɓooje goɗɗe ina njeyaa heen : ndema mekaniseer Agbede, njuɓɓudi laana ndiwoowa ladde, njuɓɓudi njamndi Bendel, farmasiiji Bendel, laana ndiwoowa Bendel, duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Benin e laana Bendel. E duuɓi garooji ɗii, yimɓe ƴeewtindiima guwerneer makko, ko sahaa nde ko heewi heɓaa, rewi heen ko darnde e nder njuɓɓudiiji garooji ɗii. Terɗe guwarnama makko ina njeyaa heen: Edwin Clark, Frank Oputa-Otutu, T.E.A. Salubi, e Lawrence Leo Borha.<ref>concord</ref><ref name="oilpv">{{cite book|title=Oil, Politics and Violence: Nigeria's Military Coup Culture (1966–1976)|url=https://archive.org/details/oilpoliticsviole0000siol|author=Max Siollun|publisher=Algora Publishing|year=2009|isbn=978-0-87586-708-3|pages=[https://archive.org/details/oilpoliticsviole0000siol/page/113 113]–114, 186}}</ref><ref name="Omoigui-Gamji">{{cite web|last1=Omoigui|first1=Nowa|title=Operation Aure (3)|url=http://www.gamji.com/nowa/nowa28.htm|website=Gamji|accessdate=16 January 2015}}</ref><ref name="nowa">{{cite web|last1=Omogui|first1=Nowa|title=The Midwest Invasion of 1967: Lessons for Today's Geopolitics|url=http://www.dawodu.net/midwest.htm|website=dawodu.net}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Friendly|first1=Alfred|title=A city shows scars of the Nigerian war.|work=The New York Times|date=26 September 1967}}</ref> E lewru sulyee 1975, nde Murtala Mohammed wonti, o woppi guwerneeruuji konu sappo e ɗiɗo gonɗi e les njiimaandi Yakubu Gowon. Retireede oo caggal ɗuum wayliima wonti ittugol golle caggal nde won e guwerneeruuji ɗii njiytaa ina mbaɗa fenaande. Ina jeyaa e ɓeen Samuel Ogbemudia, mo Murtala, e oon sahaa gardiiɗo njiimaandi Mid-west, toɗɗinoo e bannge gooto duuɓi jeetati ko adii ɗuum, mo o lomtii Kolonel George Agbazika Innih. Ogbemudia ko ñaawoore wiɗti ɗum e hitaande 1975 kono o miijii o waawaa heɓde ñaawoore laaɓtunde sabu hooreejo ñaawoore ndee ko Ogbemudia woppi ɗum e golle mum gadiiɗe ɗee. Goomu wiɗto jawdi 1975 noon, tawi ko o baawɗo alɗude ko boni. E nder republique ɗiɗaɓo, o laɓɓinaama e suudu sarɗiiji dowla Bendel ngam ñaawde laamu bonngu. Ogbemudia wonnoo ko to Londres e sahaa kuudetaa e lewru sulyee 1975, o wallitii e moƴƴitingol galle Gowon to Londres caggal nde hooreejo leydi gonnooɗo oo yahi egginde. == Posto golle konu == E nder gartugol laamu siwil seeɗa, Ogbemudia suɓaama guwerneer diiwaan Bendel e lewru Oktoobar 1983, o woni kanndidaa lannda ngenndiijo leydi Naajeeriya, o lomtii Ambrose Alli mo lannda ngootaagu leydi Naajeeriya. Kono o dañii darnde makko e lewru Duujal hitaande ndeen nde Muhammadu Buhari wonti laamɗo konu caggal kuudetaa mo fooli hooreejo leydi siwil biyeteeɗo Shehu Shagari. Hakkunde hitaande 1987 e 1989, Ogbemudia wonnoo hooreejo Komisiyoŋ Pijirlooji leydi Najeriya, e hitaande 1989, Babangida toɗɗii mo wonde hooreejo gooto e fedde laamorgo leydi Najeriya (NRC) gonnde e hare. E nder laamu makko, golle e kaalis fedde nde ɓeydiima moƴƴude hade makko yaltude NRC e hitaande 1992. Seneraal Sani Abacha, hooreejo leydi konu gila noowammbar 1993, haa o maayi e lewru suwee 1998, toɗɗii Ogbemudia jaagorde golle e ƴellitaare. Ogbemudia wiyi maa o maay ngam Abacha. Ogbemudia walliri kuugal ngam Abacha darna suɓol, o wi'i "Lenyol ngol waɗi yahdu mawndu haa laamu Seneraal Abacha ... Ko kanko tan woni, walaa sikke, jaabawol yahdu e ɓamtaare Naajeeriya". == Republique nayaɓere == Caggal nde demokaraasi arti e hitaande 1998/1999, Ogbemudia jeyaa ko e sosɓe lannda Demokaraasi Leƴƴi (PDP) e nder diiwaan Edo, kadi ko tergal e yiilirde lannda ka. Ogbemudia e hooreejo Anthony Anenih ɗon jogi siyaasaaku PDP nder jiha Edo nder duuɓi sappo garooji, arannde ɓe ɗonno huuwa booɗɗum ammaa ɓaawo man ɓe ngarti nder fitinaaji udditiiɗi. E lewru Duujal hitaande 2004, Ogbemudia wi'i jaɓii Anthony Anenih suɓa cuɓol maako ngam suɓugo guwerneer lesdi Edo. O wi'i o yiɗaa haala ka diiwal senateer gooto nder jiha kan jogi jokkirgol duumingol dow darnde guwerneer. E lewru noowammbar 2007, e batu mawngu PDP to Stade Samuel Ogbemudia to Benin, Ogbemudia haali ko tiiɗi e eɓɓaande Anthony Anenih ngam waylude njuɓɓudi zoning gonndi e birooji, caggal ɗuum o yalti e batu nguu. E lewru desaambar 2006, Ogbemudia hollitii ballal mum e ɗaɓɓaande Doktoor Mohammed Buba Marwa ngam suɓaade hooreejo leydi. Ñalnde 20 marse 2008, ñaawirdu woppii woote Oserheimen Osunbor (PDP) ngam wonde guwerneer diiwaan Edo sabu ŋakkeende woote, bayyini wonde sehil makko biyeteeɗo Adams Oshiomhole mo Kongres Action woni keɓɗo. E nder yeewtere nde o waɗdunoo e lewru Noowammbar ndeen hitaande, hono tergal mawngal e nder fedde PDP, Ogbemudia wiyi o ɓuri yiɗde ko tergal PDP heɓatnoo. Kono o jaɓi njeñtudi ñaawirdu nduu, o siftini Oshiomhole ko neɗɗo jikku tiiɗɗo. O haali ko boni e guwerneeruuji ɓennuɗi, ko wayi no mawɗo Lucky Igbinedion. E lewru Siilo hitaande 2009, Ogbemudia wonnoo ko hooreejo fedde PDP nde ina wallitnoo Prof. Julius Ihonvbere ngam suɓaade hooreejo leydi Edo e hitaande 2011. Fedde luulndiinde laamu nguu, nde Tony Anenih ardii, ɓuri yiɗde ko Senator Odion Ugbesia wonde kanndidaa. E lewru oktoobar 2009, Ogbemudia waawaano tawtoreede batu ngootaagu lannda ka to diiwaan Edo mo Anthony Anenih yuɓɓini. Lewru caggal ɗuum, Ogbemudia yetti Oshiomhole golle mum e hitaande mum adannde, ɗum addani ɗum miijaade wonde ina waawi wonde jokkondiral politik hakkunde ɓeen ɗiɗo. == Wade == Ñalnde 9 marse 2017, Sam Ogbemudia (jr) hollitii maayde baaba mum e jaaynooɓe to galle maayɗo oo. O wi'i baaba maako maayi nyalnde saaliinde, haa suudu nyawndiigu keeriiɗo haa Lagos. O yahrata ko e duuɓi 84. == Tuugnorgal == 2bfhytr658xq6wvbdiolgfbh7wph9we 0 42260 181113 174746 2026-08-05T02:28:05Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181113 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}Mawɗo '''Arthur Edward Perst''' (10 feebariyee 1906 – 26 suwee 1976) ko politikaajo [[Naajeeriya]] mo ndonu leƴƴi ɗiɗi ummoriiɗo e diiwaan Warri to fuɗnaange [[Naajeeriya]]. [[File:Arthur Prest at institute.jpg|thumb|To duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Commonwealth e Mr. Kenneth Bradley, C. M. G., (caka) hooreejo duɗal ngal, e mawɗo Arthur Perst (nyaamo), gardiiɗo jaagorɗe leydi Naajeeriya]] ==Ngendam== Perst jibinaa ko e [[lewru]] feebariyee 1906, baaba mum ko Engeleejo daneejo ummoriiɗo [[Liverpool]], ko kapiteen laana ndiwoowa, ko njulaagu njulaagu, e yumma mum ko laamɗo Itsekiri, laamɗo [[Najeriya]], laamɗo debbo biyeteeɗo Mami Ogbe, ko ɓiy Olu mo Warri. E hitaande 1946, Perst rokkaama tiitoonde laamɗo Olorogun Warri, ko Olu Warri, banndiiko. Perst ko ofisee e nder polis [[Naajeeriya]], kadi ko kanko woni ofisee gadano e nder leydi [[Naajeeriya]]. O janngi sariya haa lesdi Angalteer, o winnditi haa suudu kiita mawndu lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] nder hitaande 1947, ko adi o suɓaama ngam o laato wakiiliijo diiwal Warri haa suudu joonde diidaaɗi hirnaange.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Cohen|first1=Abner|title=Urban Ethnicity|year=2004|url=https://archive.org/details/urbanethnicity0000asso|publisher=Routledge, 2004|isbn=0-415-32982-5|page=[https://archive.org/details/urbanethnicity0000asso/page/302 302]}}</ref> Caggal ɗuum o wonti Ñaawirde Toownde to diiwaan hakkundeejo hirnaange e oon sahaa. E hitaande 1950 Perst e [[Anthony Enahoro|Antoni Enahoro]] cosi lannda hakkundeejo hirnaange. Enahoro fuɗɗiima jaaynde ''Mid-West Press'', o yaltinii jaaynde [[Naajeeriya]] gila 1950 haa 1953. E hitaande 1951, lannda ''Mid-West'' naati e fedde ''Action Group''.<ref name="Jr.Akyeampong2012">{{cite book|author=Gates, Akyeampong, & Niven|title=Dictionary of African Biography|date=2 February 2012|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=39JMAgAAQBAJ&pg=RA1-PA302|accessdate=2 February 2012|publisher=OUP USA|isbn=978-0-19-538207-5|page=302}}</ref> Perst ɓaawo man laati ministaajo diiwal haa [[Ibadan]], nden o laati cukko hooreejo [[Obafemi Awolowo]]. Yanti heen, o toɗɗaama jaagorgal jokkondiral hakkunde leyɗeele e hitaande 1952. Prest, Awolowo, ''Sir'' [[Ahmadu Bello]], [[Anthony Enahoro]] e woɗɓe kaɓaama ngam heɓde ndimaagu leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]], ɓe tawtoraama jeewte Lancaster House ɗe kaaldi ngam heɓde ndimaagu leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]]. O ummii e fedde Action Group e hitaande 1957. Caggal ɗuum, Perst wonti Komisinaajo mawɗo fedde [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] to leydi Angalteer. E hitaande 1971, Perst naati e ñaawoore mawnde. O luulndii Itsekiri ''Communal Lands Trust'' yiɗde huutoraade hakkeeji jom en jawɗeele en mbiyateeɗi Olu Warri dow leyɗeele to Warri. Hakkeeji jeyi leydi ina ndokka amaana oo jeyi leydi ndii fof, tawa ina jeyaa heen jeyi leydi ndi jeyi leydi. Kono tan, hoolaare leyɗeele renndo ndee dañii ñaawoore ndee.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ekeh|first1=Peter Palmer|title=Warri City and British Colonial Rule in Western Niger Delta'|publisher=Urhobo Historical Society. 2005|isbn=978-064-924-7|page=290}}</ref> [[File:Arthur Prest with Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip.jpg|thumb|Arthur Perst e laamɗo debbo biyeteeɗo Elizabeth II e laamɗo debbo biyeteeɗo Filip]] Perst ina joginoo nguurndam galle keewɗam, keewɗam. O dañi ɓiɓɓe ɗuuɗɓe, ɓurɓe anndugo woni ɓiyiiko arandeejo mawɗo Michael Godwin Prest, mo laati awokaajo, siyaasaaku e hooreejo kuuɗe hooreejo lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] [[Shehu Shagari]] nder hitaande 1979. Mawɗo Michael Perst dañi ɓiɓɓe 4. Ɓiɗɗo makko mawɗo e taaniiko debbo biyeteeɗo Arthur Perst ko Helen Prest-Ajayi, gonnooɗo Miss Nijeer e hitaande 1979, awokaa, binndoowo e daraniiɗo jaŋde. Ɓiyiiko gorko e taaniiko Arthur Prest, Michael J. Perst woni njulaagu petroŋ gadano e nder leydi Najeriya, jom jawdi petroŋ e balloowo yimɓe.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Again, Oil Tycoon, Michael Prest, Sings Another Song of Victory|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2023/03/05/again-oil-tycoon-michael-prest-sings-another-song-of-victory/|access-date=2025-12-20|language=en-US|newspaper=[[This Day]]}}</ref> Ko kanko woni mahoowo ñaawoore sariya sosiyetee Perst v Petrodel ''Resources Ltd'' nde janngaa e duɗe sariya, nde siifi no sariya sosiyetee yahrata. Mawɗo Artur Perst maayi ko e hitaande 1976. ==Tuugnorgal== <references /> [[Category:Naajeeriya]] 74xej5tuhsr9dutl4tfeq2eaxlsmnln 0 42274 181002 174903 2026-08-05T00:30:38Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181002 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Muhammadu Shehu''' KangiwaListenR woni guwerneer siwil arandeejo cuɓaaɗo nder diiwal Sokoto, Naajeeriya nder lesdi Naajeeriya ɗiɗaɓre nde duuɓi mum juuti, o jokki laamu diga lewru Oktoba 1979 haa lewru Noowammbar 1981. O wakiiliijo lanyol lesdi Naajeeriya (NPN). Ko o guwerneer lolluɗo, rokkuɗo ndiyam, cellal, nafooje ndema, jaŋde to bannge tolnooji kala e laamu laaɓtungu.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unn.edu.ng/home/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=2979&Itemid=306|title=Primary Health Care Plan for Bobinga Local Government Area, Sokoto State, Nigeria|publisher=Federal Ministry of Health|date=September 1986|access-date=2010-01-10}}</ref> Eɓɓaande ndiyam Bakolori, nde laamu konu ɓennungu nguu fuɗɗii, riiwti remooɓe heewɓe tawi ndokkaani leydi walla njoɓdi. E nder yeewtere seppooɓe e lewru noowammbar 1979, Kangiwa fodaniino ɓe ƴeewtaade denndaangal caɗeele maɓɓe. Kono, ñalnde 28 abriil 1980, polis yani e seppooɓe ɓe ngalaa kaɓirɗe, mbari heen ko ina tolnoo e 380 neɗɗo. Laamu ngu fiyi heen, wiyi ko 25 tan maayi heen. O maɓɓi Sheek Zakzaky mo diɗɗal lislaam to leydi Naajeeriya, kanko e yoga e almuɓɓe makko ɓadtiiɓe, o wiyi o yiɗiino warde mo.<ref>{{cite book|page=[https://archive.org/details/displacementpoli0000unse/page/76 76]|title=Displacement and the politics of violence in Nigeria|url=https://archive.org/details/displacementpoli0000unse|author=Paul E. Lovejoy|author2=Pat Ama Tokunbo Williams|publisher=BRILL|year=1997|isbn=90-04-10876-9}}</ref> E hitaande 1981, o ɓeydi limngal nokkuuje laamu nokkuuje nder diiwal ngal diga 19 haa 32. Ammaa lomto maako Kolonel Garba Duba waylitii ngal kuugal nder hitaande 1984. O sankii ko e lewru noowammbar 1981, o yani e puccu nde o woni e fiyde polo e hitaande 1981 e kawgel Ligue Georgia. E hitaande 1982 Unisteel Ltd. hokkii mo koppi Shehu Kangiwa ngam siftorde mo, koppi ɗii jooni ko laamu diiwaan Sokoto toppitii ɗum.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.peoplesdaily-online.com/index.php/sport-mainmenu-28/polo/66-polo/4750-georgian-cup-africas-most-coveted-polo-trophy-|publisher=Peoples Daily|title=Georgian Cup: Africa's most coveted polo trophy|author=AbdulRaheem Aodu|access-date=2010-01-10}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == 36iicryd9sdqd0c0ueddr5v97j2hae3 0 42280 180823 179490 2026-08-04T21:05:48Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180823 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | honorific_prefix = [[Excellency|His Excellency]]<br>[[The Right Honourable]] | name = Nnamdi Azikiwe | honorific_suffix = [[Order of the Federal Republic|GCFR]] [[Privy Council of the United Kingdom|PC]] | image = Nnamdi Azikiwe PC (cropped).jpg | alt = A picture of Nnamdi Azikiwe c. 1963 | caption = Azikiwe {{Circa|1963}} | order = 1st | office = President of Nigeria | term_start = 1 October 1963 | term_end = 16 January 1966 | prime_minister = [[Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]] | 1blankname = {{nowrap|Senate President}} | 1namedata = [[Nwafor Orizu]] | predecessor = Position established ([[Elizabeth II]] <br /> as [[Monarchy of Nigeria (1960–1963)|Queen of Nigeria]]) | successor = [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] <br />(as [[Military dictatorship in Nigeria|Military head of state]]) | office2 = 3rd [[Governor-General of Nigeria]] | monarch2 = [[Elizabeth II]] | term_start2 = 16 November 1960 | term_end2 = 1 October 1963 | predecessor2 = [[James Wilson Robertson|James Robertson]] | successor2 = Position abolished | office3 = 1st [[President of the Senate of Nigeria]] | term_start3 = 1 January 1960 | term_end3 = 1 October 1960 | predecessor3 = Position established | successor3 = [[Dennis Osadebay]] | office4 = [[Eastern Region, Nigeria|Premier of Eastern Nigeria]] | term_start4 = 1 October 1954 | term_end4 = 1 October 1959 | predecessor4 = [[Eyo Ita]] | successor4 = [[Michael Okpara]] | office5 = 2nd [[National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons|President of National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons]] | term_start5 = May 1946 | term_end5 = November 1960 | predecessor5 = [[Herbert Macaulay]] | successor5 = [[Michael Okpara]] | office6 = [[University of Nigeria|Chancellor of University of Nigeria]] | term_start6 = 1961 | term_end6 = 1966 | office7 = [[University of Lagos|Chancellor of University of Lagos]] | term_start7 = 1972 | term_end7 = 1976 | birth_name = Nnamdi Benjamin Azikiwe | birth_date = {{birth date|1904|11|16|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Zungeru]], Northern Nigeria Protectorate | death_date = {{death date and age|1996|5|11|1904|11|16|df=y}} | death_place = [[Enugu (city)|Enugu]], [[Enugu State]], Nigeria | spouse = {{unbulleted list|{{marriage|[[Flora Azikiwe|Flora Ogoegbunam]]|1936|1983|reason=died}}|{{marriage|[[Uche Azikiwe|Uche Ewah]]|1973}}<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Nuhu Musa |first1=Jamila |title=Flora Azikiwe: Nigeria' maiden First Lady at a glance |url=http://weekend.peoplesdailyng.com/index.php/lifestyle/tribute/517-flora-azikiwe-nigeria-maiden-first-lady-at-a-glance |location=Abuja, Nigeria|newspaper=[[Peoples Daily (Nigeria)|Peoples Daily]]|access-date=15 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017215143/http://weekend.peoplesdailyng.com/index.php/lifestyle/tribute/517-flora-azikiwe-nigeria-maiden-first-lady-at-a-glance |archive-date=17 October 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref>| |date=January 2021 |title=Burying "Zik of Africa": The Politics of Death and Cultural Crisis |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0010417520000377/type/journal_article |journal=Comparative Studies in Society and History |language=en |volume=63 |issue=1 |pages=41–71 |doi=10.1017/S0010417520000377 |issn=0010-4175}} | children = 7, including [[Chukwuma Azikiwe|Chukwuma]] | party = {{plainlist| * [[National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons]] (NCNC) * [[Nigerian People's Party]] (NPP) }} | parents = {{plainlist| * Rachel Chinwe Ogbenyeanu (mother) * Obed-Edom Chukwuemeka Azikiwe (father) }} | relatives = | alma_mater = {{flatlist| * [[Storer College]] * [[Howard University]] * [[Lincoln University (Pennsylvania)|Lincoln University, Pennsylvania]] * [[University of Pennsylvania]] * [[Hope Waddell Training Institution]] }} | occupation = {{hlist|Politician|lawyer|journalist|athlete|statesman}} }} '''Nnamdi Benjamin Azikiwe'''GCFR PC (HeɗtoR; 16 noowammbar 1904 – 11 [[lewru]] mee 1996),<ref name="britannica.com">{{Cite web|title=Nnamdi Azikiwe {{!}} president of Nigeria|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nnamdi-Azikiwe|access-date=2022-03-26|website=[[Britannica]]|language=en}}</ref> ko ɓuri heewde e yimɓe ina mbiya ko '''Zik mo Afrik''', ko o dawriyanke, laamuyanke, e hooreejo leydi Nijeer, o woniino hooreejo leydi Nijeer gadano gila e hitaande 1960 haa e hitaande 1960 (1963-1966).<ref>{{Cite news|last=French|first=Howard W.|date=1996-05-14|title=Nnamdi Azikiwe, the First President of Nigeria, Dies at 91|language=en-US|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/05/14/world/nnamdi-azikiwe-the-first-president-of-nigeria-dies-at-91.html|access-date=2023-12-06|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> O ɗon laara no baaba lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] nden bo o ɗon nder ardiiɓe lesdi ndi'i nder hitaande 1960.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-10-01|title=Heroes of the struggle for Nigeria's independence/pioneer political|url=https://guardian.ng/?p=1230220|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-05-24|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=On this day in 1904 Dr. Benjamin Nnamdi Azikiwe, was born in Zungeru, Niger State, North-Central Nigeria|url=http://www.jayfm.ng/2017/11/16/on-this-day-in-1904-dr-benjamin-nnamdi-azikiwe-was-born-in-zungeru-niger-state-north-central-nigeria/|date=2017-11-16|website=[[Jay FM]]|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-29|archive-date=5 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805081611/http://www.jayfm.ng/2017/11/16/on-this-day-in-1904-dr-benjamin-nnamdi-azikiwe-was-born-in-zungeru-niger-state-north-central-nigeria/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Crowcroft|first=Barnaby|title=The Radical Nationalist as Constitutional Head of State: Nigeria, 1960–66|date=2020|work=Viceregalism: The Crown as Head of State in Political Crises in the Postwar Commonwealth|pages=179–202|editor-last=Kumarasingham|editor-first=H.|series=Cambridge Imperial and Post-Colonial Studies Series|place=Cham|publisher=Springer International Publishing|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-3-030-46283-3_7|isbn=978-3-030-46283-3|s2cid=226564363}}</ref> Azikiwe jibinaa ko [[Zungeru]] e nder [[Diiwal Niger|diiwaan Niger]] hannde oo, jibnaaɓe [[Igbo]] en ummoriiɓe [[Onitsha]], [[Diiwal Anambra|diiwaan Anambra]], Azikiwe janngi ɗemngal Hausa ngal woni ɗemngal ɓurngal mawnude e nder diiwaan Fuɗnaange. Caggal mum o neldaa hoɗde e neene makko e neene makko to wuro makko [[Onitsha]], ɗo o janngi ɗemngal [[Igbo]].<ref>{{Citation|last=chuku|first=gloria|title=Azikiwe, Benjamin Nnamdi|year=2011|url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780195382075.001.0001/acref-9780195382075-e-0239|work=Dictionary of African Biography|access-date=2023-12-13|publisher=Oxford University Press|language=en|doi=10.1093/acref/9780195382075.013.0239|doi-broken-date=1 July 2025|isbn=978-0-19-538207-5}}</ref> Jooɗnde haa lesdi [[Lagos]] hokki mo jannguki ɗemngal [[Yoruba language|Yoruba]], nden wakkati o ɗonno haa janngirde mawnde, o anndi finaa-tawaa [[Naajeeriya]] feere-feere, nden o wolwi ɗemɗe tati mawɗe [[Naajeeriya]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Aguolu|first1=C. C.|last2=Aguolu|first2=L. E.|date=1997|title=Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe, 1904-1966, First President of Nigeria: A Force in Library Development in Nigeria|url=https://worldlibraries.dom.edu/index.php/worldlib/article/view/199|journal=World Libraries|language=en|volume=7|issue=2|issn=2155-7896}}</ref> Azikiwe ina yahra no feewi. O ummii ko [[Amerik]] ɗo o inniraa '''Ben Azikiwe''', o janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Storer, to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Colombia|Columbia]], to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Pennsylvania e to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Howard. O jokkondiri e laamuuji koloñaal e ɗaɓɓaande ngam wallitde leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] e nder Olimpiyaaji Los Angeles 1932 nde tawnoo ko kanko kadi woni atletee.<ref>{{Cite journal|doi=10.1080/03086539908583061|title='Managing nationalism': The colonial office and Nnamdi Azikiwe, 1932–43|journal=The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History|volume=27|issue=2|pages=143–158|year=1999|last=Flint|first=John E.}}</ref> O arti [[Afrik]] ko e hitaande 1934, o fuɗɗii golle jaayndiyankaagal to Cote d’Or ([[Gana]] hannde oo). E nder [[Afrik]] hirnaange Biritaan, Azikiwe ina daranii wonde daraniiɗo politik e jaayndiyanke, ngam ngenndiyaŋkaagal [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] e [[Afrik]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Azikiwe fights for Africa|date=7 January 1950|work=New York Amsterdam News}}</ref> ==Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗagol== '''Sukaaɓe''' : '''jaŋde e mbaydi ƴeew tiitoonde''' Kartal pelle ɗemɗe [[Naajeeriya]]: Azikiwe jibinaa ko e diiwaan Fuɗnaange e nder leydi ndi. Leydi taaniraaɓe makko, [[Onitsha]], woni ko e bannge Fuɗnaange-rewo ngenndi ndii.) Azikiwe jibinaa ko ñalnde 16 noowammbar 1904 to [[Zungeru]], to Fuɗnaange Nijeer. Innde makko adannde, "Nnamdi", nde jibnaaɓe makko ndokki mo ko innde [[Igbo Eze South|Igbo]] nde firti ko "baaba am ina wuuri". Baaba makko, Obed-Edom Chukwuemeka Azikiwe, jeyaaɗo to [[Onitsha]], ko o binndoowo e nder laamu Angalteer to leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite news|author=Thomas A. Johnson|date=1972-09-14|title=Nigerian Urges Uses of the Past|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1972/09/14/archives/nigerian-urges-uses-of-the-past-says-colonialism-left-some-things.html|access-date=2023-12-06|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Yumma makko Rachel Chinwe Ogbenyeanu Azikiwe (jibinaa ko Aghadiuno), mo sahaa e sahaa fof ina wiyee « Nwanonaku »<ref>{{cite book|title=Nnamdi Azikiwe: My Odyssey|chapter=I: My Genealogy and Nativity|publisher=Spectrum Books|date=1970|page=4}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=University|first=Nnamdi Azikiwe|date=2021-11-16|title=Profile of NNamdi Azikiwe|url=https://zikslectureseries.unizik.edu.ng/profile-of-nnamdi-azikiwe/|access-date=2023-12-06|website=Zik's Lecture Series|language=en-US}}</ref>, ko ɓiɗɗo debbo tataɓo Aghadiuno Ajie<ref name="PT">{{cite news|title=Mother of Nnamdi Azikiwe dies at 75|date=22 February 1958|work=Philadelphia Tribune}}</ref>, iwdi galle laamɗo to Onitsha; mawniiko gorko biyeteeɗo Ugogwu Anazenwu, ko Obi [[Onitsha]].<ref name="PT2">{{cite news|title=Mother of Nnamdi Azikiwe dies at 75|date=22 February 1958|work=Philadelphia Tribune}}</ref> Azikiwe ina joginoo miñi mum gooto, miñi mum debbo, ina wiyee Cecilia Eziamaka Arinze.<ref name="PT3">{{cite news|title=Mother of Nnamdi Azikiwe dies at 75|date=22 February 1958|work=Philadelphia Tribune}}</ref> Nde o woni suka, Azikiwe ina haalda ɗemngal [[Hausa language|Hausa]], ɗemngal diiwaan oo.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe, 1904-1966, first president of Nigeria: A force in Library development in Nigeria.|url=https://worldlibraries.dom.edu/index.php/worldlib/article/view/199/154|last=Aguolu and Aguolu|first=C.C and L.E|date=1997|journal=World Libraries|volume=7|issue=2|access-date=2020-05-29}}</ref> Baaba makko, ina wondi e sunaare e 6icfcfo makko e 6amtaare [[Hausa language|Hausa]] wonaa [[Igbo]], neli mo to [[Onitsha]] e hitaande 1912 ngam hocfde e neene makko e neene makko ngam janngude 6emngal e pinal [[Igbo]].<ref name="Oha">{{cite web|last1=Oha|first1=Obododimma|title=Heroes of knowledge versus dragons of ignorance: language, identity construction, and intertextuality in Nnamdi Azikiwe's "My Odyssey"|url=http://motspluriels.arts.uwa.edu.au/MP2303oo.html|website=motspluriels.arts.uwa.edu.au/|access-date=8 July 2016}}</ref> To [[Onitsha]], Azikiwe janngi Duɗal Trinity Seniiɗo (duɗal misiyoŋaaji katolik en) e Duɗal Eklesiya Almasiihu (duɗal leslesal Angalteer).<ref>{{Cite news|title=Accord concodiale: The continuous search for Nigeria's elusive unity and indivisibility (2)|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/accord-concodiale-the-continuous-search-for-nigerias-elusive-unity-and-indivisibility-2/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|date=2016-12-14|newspaper=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|The Sun]]|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-29}}</ref> E hitaande 1914, nde baaba makko ina gollina to Lagos, Azikiwe yani e puccu ; ɗum addani baaba makko kulɓiniiɗo neldude mo to [[Lagos]], mbele omo sella, omo jokka jaŋde e nder wuro ngo.{{sfn|Orji|2013|p=68}} Ndeen o naati duɗal sukaaɓe Wesleyan, anndiraangal hannde duɗal sukaaɓe ''Methodist'', [[Lagos]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=history – MGHS|url=https://mghsyabalagosng.com/history-2/|access-date=2022-09-11|language=en-US|archive-date=4 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221004232208/https://mghsyabalagosng.com/history-2/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Baaba makko neldaama [[Kaduna]] duuɓi ɗiɗi caggal ɗuum, Azikiwe jooɗii seeɗa e banndiiko gooto resnduɗo juulɗo ummoriiɗo [[Siyeraa Leyoon]].{{sfn|Tonkin|1990|p=37}} E hitaande 1918, o arti [[Onitsha]], o timmini jaŋde makko hakkundeere to duɗal hakkundeewal CMS.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2009-05-09|title=Benjamin Nnamdi "Zik" Azikiwe (1904–1996)|url=https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/azikiwe-benjamin-nnamdi-zik-1904-1996/|access-date=2022-09-11|language=en-US}}</ref> Azikiwe ndeen golliima e duɗal ngal ko almuudo-jannginoowo,{{sfn|Orji|2013|p=68}} ina wallita yumma mum e ngalu mum.{{sfn|Tonkin|1990|p=37}} E hitaande 1920, baaba makko artiraa to Protectorat Sud Nigeria, to wuro [[Calabar]]. Azikiwe hawri e baaba mum to [[Calabar]], o fuɗɗii jaŋde toownde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Hope Waddell.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-02-03|title=Reminiscing The Founding Fathers: Nnamdi Azikiwe|url=https://leadership.ng/reminiscing-the-founding-fathers-nnamdi-azikiwe/|access-date=2022-03-26|language=en-GB|newspaper=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]}}</ref> O naati e janngirɗe Marcus Garvey,<ref name="Timesdigit">{{cite news|title=Nnamdi Azikiwe|work=The Times|location=London, England|date=14 May 1996|page=19}}</ref> Garveyism, ɗe ngonti huunde himmunde e haala makko ngenndiyaŋkaagal. [[File:Azikiwe with parents.png|thumb|Azikiwe e jibnaaɓe mum, c. Kitaale 1910]] Caggal nde o naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Hope Waddell,<ref name="Yearbook1962">{{cite book|title=Nigeria Year Book 1962|publisher=[[Daily Times (Nigeria)|Daily Times]]|year=1962|pages=112}}</ref> Azikiwe artiraa to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde sukaaɓe Methodist, to [[Lagos]], o seerti e wondiiɓe makko ummoriiɓe e galleeji ɓooyɗi Lagos ko wayi no George Shyngle, Francis Cole e Ade Williams (ɓiy [[Akarigbo mo Remo|Akarigbo Remo]]). Ɗee jokkondiral naftorii caggal ɗuum e golle makko politik to [[Lagos]].{{sfn|Orji|2013|p=68}} Nde o woni to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Wesley ''Boys'' o ɓuri waawde jaŋde makko, o rokki deftere ina wiyee « gila e Log Cabin haa e galle ''White House'' », ko ɗum woni nguurndam [[James A. Garfield]], gonnooɗo hooreejo leydi [[Amerik]], umminooɗo e huɗo haa e moƴƴere. Deftere ndee ina addana mo pellital heɓde nafoore e nguurndam. Azikiwe nanii yeewtere [[James Aggrey]], jannginoowo mo miijii wonde Afriknaaɓe ina poti heɓde jaŋde kolees caggal leydi, ɓe ngarta e waɗde waylo.<ref>{{cite news|author=Esele, Amos|date=21 November 1994|title=Ninety hearty cheers!|work=The Week|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> Caggal nde yeewtere ndee joofi, Aggrey rokki suka Azikiwe doggol duɗe jaɓɓotooɗe almudɓe ɓaleeɓe to [[Amerik]].{{sfn|Tonkin|1990|p=37}} Caggal nde o timmini jaŋde makko hakkundeere, Azikiwe ɗaɓɓiri golle koloñaal, o jaɓaa wonde binndoowo to departemaa kaalis. Wakkati maako nder kuugal koloñaal, holli mo limngal njiyaagu nder laamu koloñaal.{{sfn|Orji|2013|p=69}} Suɓaade Azikiwe janngude to Amerik e nokku Angalteer, ko batte Doktoor James Kwegyr Aggrey, nguurndam hooreejo leydi A. Garfield e Abraham Lincoln, Pan-Afriknism Marcus Garvey e woodgol ballal wonande almudɓe waasɓe, tawi alaa ko heɓaa e Angalteer. E pellital yahde caggal leydi ngam ɓeydaade jaŋde, Azikiwe ɗaɓɓiri jaŋde mum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde to U.S. O jaɓaa to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Storer College, tawi ko e dow ballal makko e yiytude laawol feewde [[Amerik]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Commencement address at Storer delivered by African alumnus|date=14 June 1947|work=New Journal and Guide}}</ref> Ngam yettaade [[Amerik]], o jokkondiri e laana ndiwoowa, o waɗi e makko nanondiral ngam wonde stowaway.<ref name="theworldnews.net">{{Cite news|date=2019-02-03|title=Reminiscing The Founding Fathers: Nnamdi Azikiwe|url=https://leadership.ng/reminiscing-the-founding-fathers-nnamdi-azikiwe/|access-date=2021-10-19|newspaper=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> Kono gooto e sehilaaɓe makko wonnooɓe e laana kaa rafi, ɓe wasiyii yo ɓe njippo e Sekondi. To leydi [[Gana]], Azikiwe golliima ko polis ; yumma makko yilliima, o wiyi mo yo o hoot leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]]. O arti, baaba makko jaɓi wallitde mo yahde [[Amerik]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Heroes of the Past – Nnamdi Azikiwe – Everything But Coffee|url=https://everythingbutcoffee.biz/2020/05/11/heroes-of-the-past-nnamdi-azikiwe/|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-29|archive-date=5 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805024303/https://everythingbutcoffee.biz/2020/05/11/heroes-of-the-past-nnamdi-azikiwe/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Azikiwe janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Storer, to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Harpers Ferry, to Virginie worgo. Ngam yoɓde nguurndam makko e jaŋde makko, o golliima golle keewɗe ɗe ngalaa nafoore hade makko winnditaade to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Howard to Washington, D.C. e hitaande 1927 ngam heɓde dipolomaaji makko e ganndal politik. E hitaande 1929, o ummii duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Howard o fayi duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Lincoln ngam timminde jaŋde makko leslesre, o heɓi kadi seedantaagal makko BA e ganndal politik e hitaande 1930.<ref name="Crisis-Jan1966">{{cite journal|last=Azikiwe|first=Nnamdi|editor1-first=James W.|editor1-last=Ivy|editor-link=James W. Ivy|date=January 1966|title=A teacher remembered|journal=Crisis|volume=73|issue=1|pages=54–55|publisher=The Crisis Publishing Company, Inc.|location=New York}}</ref><ref name="OnlineNigeria">{{cite web|url=http://www.onlinenigeria.com/people/ad.asp?blurb=66|title=Biography of Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe|access-date=2007-09-05|work=[www.onlinenigeria.com]}}</ref> Azikwe ƴettii kursuuji e Alain Locke.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Getachew|first=Adom|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv3znwvg|title=Worldmaking after Empire: The Rise and Fall of Self-Determination|date=2019|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-17915-5|pages=7|doi=10.2307/j.ctv3znwvg|jstor=j.ctv3znwvg}}</ref> Azikiwe wonnoo ko tergal e fedde nde.<ref>{{cite web|title=Politics and Leadership|url=http://www.pbs1914.org/sigmatoday/notablesigmapoliticsandleadership.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070502181928/http://www.pbs1914.org/sigmatoday/notablesigmapoliticsandleadership.asp|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 May 2007|website=Phi Beta Sigma|access-date=7 November 2018}}</ref> Ndeen o naatii to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Lincoln to Pennsylvania e to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Pennsylvania e sahaa gooto e hitaande 1930, o heɓi dipoloma makko ko fayti e diine e filosofi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Lincoln e hitaande 1932, o heɓi kadi dipoloma makko ko fayti e anthropologie to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Pennsylvania e hitaande 1933<ref name="UPenn">{{cite web|url=http://www.archives.upenn.edu/histy/notables/political/pennheads.html|title=Alumni, Faculty, and Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania Who Have Served as Heads of State or Government|access-date=2007-09-05|publisher=[[University of Pennsylvania|University Archives and Records Center University of Pennsylvania]]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070205032053/http://www.archives.upenn.edu/histy/notables/political/pennheads.html|archive-date=5 February 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.onlinenigeria.com/zik.asp|title=Nigeria – Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe|website=www.onlinenigeria.com}}</ref>. Azikiwe wonti jannginoowo dipolomaaji to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Lincoln, ɗo o sosi janngirde daartol [[Afrik]].{{sfn|Tonkin|1990|p=41}} O woniino kanndidaa ngam heɓde dipolomaaji doktoraa to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Colombia|Columbia]] hade makko hootde leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] e hitaande 1934.<ref>{{cite news|title=Azikiwe May Accept Position in Liberia|date=21 July 1934|work=The New York Amsterdam News}}</ref> Wiɗtooji doktoraa Azikiwe ɗii ɓuri teeŋtude ko e Liberiya e nder politik winndere, e binndol makko ngol A. H. Stockwell yaltini e hitaande 1934. E nder sahaa mo o woni to [[Amerik]], o woniino winndiyanke to jaaynde Afro-Ameriknaare Baltimore, to Philadelphia Tribune e to jaaynde Associated Negro Press.<ref>{{cite news|author=Azikiwe, N.|date=1 January 1965|title=Nigerian pioneer|work=The New York Times}}</ref> Azikiwe ina joginoo miijooji jaayndeeji [[Afrik]]-[[Amerik]], Garveyism e Pan-Afriknaaɓe.<ref>{{cite news|author=Azikiwe, N.|date=1 January 1965|title=Nigerian pioneer|work=The New York Times}}</ref> === Feddeeji e renndooji === Fedde sukaaɓe worɓe kerecee en, duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Storer (1925-27) Cub hakkunde leyɗeele to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Howard (1928) Fedde binndol Stylus to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Howard (1923) Fedde hakkunde leyɗeele to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Colombia|Columbia]] (1930-32) Fedde nguurndam, Duɗal Anthropoloji Laamu (1933) Fedde nguurndam, fedde faggudu laamɗo (1934) Tergal nguurndam, Fedde Angalteer ngam ɓamtaare ganndal (1947) Fedde Ameriknaare ngam sariyaaji hakkunde leyɗeele (1933–34) Fedde Annduɓe Anthropoloji Amerka (1932-1934) Fedde ganndal siyaas Amerik (1933-34) Fedde Annduɓe Leƴƴi Amerka (1933-34) Koolol ganndal siwil to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Lincoln (1934)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Anike|url=http://repository.unizik.edu.ng/bitstream/123456789/429/1/master%2C%2BAnike.pdf|website=repository.unizik.edu.ng}}</ref> [[File:Azikiwe playing American Football, Storer College, 1926.jpg|thumb|Azikiwe ina fija fuku [[Amerik]], to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Storer (1926)]] == Golle atletik == E fuɗɗoode golle makko, Azikiwe ina yahra e boks, atletik, njulaagu, fuku koyɗe e tennis.<ref name="Crisis-Jan19662">{{cite journal|last=Azikiwe|first=Nnamdi|editor1-first=James W.|editor1-last=Ivy|editor-link=James W. Ivy|date=January 1966|title=A teacher remembered|journal=Crisis|volume=73|issue=1|pages=54–55|publisher=The Crisis Publishing Company, Inc.|location=New York}}</ref> Football ko Biritaan en ngaddi ɗum e leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] nde ɓe koloni [[Afrik]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nnamdi Azikiwe|url=https://nnu.ng/post/Nnamdi-Azikiwe|website=Nigeria News Update.|language=en|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> Kono kala ligues sosaaɗe, ko ɗe ceerndaaɗe. Nnamdi yi'i ɗum bana tooñannge nden o wurti bee hooreejo to bannge fijirle jokkirgol e siyaasaaku haa timmoode jamaanu koloñaal.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sports and the Modernity of Leisure in Nigeria: Stadium Space and the Symbolisms of Expressions, 1930–1980|url=https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/61376/OBASA-DISSERTATION-2015.pdf?sequence=1|last=Olusegun|first=Obasa|date=2015|website=repositories.lib.utexas.edu}}</ref> E hitaande 1934, Zik haɗaama tawtoreede kawgel ngel sabu leydi Nijeer jaɓaaka tawtoreede. Ɗum waɗii sahaa goɗɗo sabu iwdi makko Igbo, Zik fellitii wonde ina heddi, o yiɗi sosde fedde makko. Nnamdi sosi fedde Zik's ''Athletic Club'' (ZAC) nde udditanta dame mum ngam fijirde worɓe e rewɓe kala leƴƴi, leƴƴi, leƴƴi, e kala fannuuji leydi [[Naajeeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nationalist Period|url=http://webeninnigeriaghanatogoboutsport.weebly.com/nationalist-period.html|website=Sports and Politics in British West/Central Africa|access-date=2020-05-30|archive-date=5 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805025704/http://webeninnigeriaghanatogoboutsport.weebly.com/nationalist-period.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> E hitaande 1942, fedde nde yahi haa heɓi Ligue [[Lagos]] e Kop ''Memorial War''. Caggal ɗeen nafooje, Nnamdi udditi caɗeele ZAC goɗɗe e nder leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] fof. E nder duuɓi wolde ZAC ina yaha njilluuji.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nnamdi Azikiwe Facts|url=https://biography.yourdictionary.com/nnamdi-azikiwe|website=biography.yourdictionary.com|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> ''Matchs'' ZAC ɗon waɗa nder lesdi ndi'i fuu, nden ɗum waɗi yimɓe [[Naajeeriya]] ɗon mari haaje kawtal e lesdi ndi'i ngam wallugo ɓe haɓugo ndimu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Establishment and the Achievements of the National Sports Commission in Nigeria|url=https://etd.ohiolink.edu/!etd.send_file?accession=osu1487093435463141&disposition=inline|last=Abioye|first=Joseph Adegboyega|date=1980|website=etd.ohiolink.edu}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> E hitaande 1949, won e fukuyaŋkooɓe ZAC tawtoraama njillu to Angalteer. E gartugol maɓɓe e njillu ngu ɓe njooɗii to Freetown, Siyeraa Leyoon, e leydi Najeriya fooli yimɓe nokku oo e golle 2. Ndee nasaraaku ko ɓuri duuɓi sappo ko adii jeytaare leydi [[Naajeeriya]], kono ko nde jibinannde kippu ngenndiijo leydi [[Naajeeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nigerians Love For Football; is it too much?|url=https://soccernet.ng/2015/03/nigerians-love-for-football-is-it-too.html|date=2015-03-23|website=Soccernet.ng|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> E joofnirde, caggal duuɓi hare, e hitaande 1959, jaagorde Angalteer cakkitiinde yalti NFA, ñalnde 22 ut 1960, jonte seeɗa ko adii jeytaare mum, [[Naajeeriya]] naati e fedde fuku koyɗe winndereere wiyeteende FIFA.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pictures & Documents: FIFA at 114, How Nigeria Became a Member|url=https://www.sportsvillagesquare.com/2018/05/21/pictures-documents-fifa-at-114-how-nigeria-became-a-member/|date=2018-05-21|website=Sports Village Square|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-30|archive-date=4 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804175655/https://www.sportsvillagesquare.com/2018/05/21/pictures-documents-fifa-at-114-how-nigeria-became-a-member/|url-status=dead}}</ref>Hay heen gootal waawaano wonde so wonaano Nnamdi Azikiwe. O hawti [[Naajeeriya]] bee fijirde nden o waddi hakkilo lesdi ndi'i wi'eteeɗum 'Nigerian-ness'. === Jaambaraagal dingiral === Sosɗo, ZiKs ''Athletic Club'' (e MRB. Oltun) ngam ɓamtugo fijooji, boksi, kirikit, njuulu e tennis nder leydi [[Naajeeriya]]. Gooliiɗo e yeeso, duɗal sukaaɓe metodist, [[Lagos]] (1921) Jaagorgal, Diwgol toowngol, M.B.H.S, e Jaagorgal, Ñalngu Laamu (1921) Jaagorɗo, tedduɗo, duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Storer (1925-27) Jaagorgal & Medaal kaŋŋe, Diwgol toowngol, Pijirlooji hakkunde duɗe HU (1926); Medaal kaŋŋe, doggol leydi, doggudu kilomeeteer gooto, doggudu kilomeeteer gooto, e diwgol toowngol, kawgel kaalis to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Storer (1926) Medaal, Pentatlon, kawgel kolees Storer (1925) Kapiteen, fedde janngirde Storer (1927) Medaal kaŋŋe, taƴoowo leydi, duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Storer (1921) Medaal njamndi mboɗeeri, maraton Laurel-Baltimore (1927) Jaagorɗo, dogdu ɓaleeru, duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Howard (1928) Kapiteen gooto, fedde fuku koyɗe duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Lincoln (1930) Doggol kilooji ɗiɗi, kawgel ɗiɗmel hakkunde duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Lincoln e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Cheyney (1930) Medaal kaalis, doggudu kilooji ɗiɗi, kawgel hakkunde duɗe jaaɓi haaɗtirde Hampton Virginia (1931) Jaaliiɗo toɓɓere, dogdu Baltimore (1929, 1930) Medaal njamndi mboɗeeri, dogdu Richmond (1931) Toɓɓere Dowla, A.A.U. Kaɓirɗe hakkunde leyɗeele (1932) Medaal kaŋŋe, dogdu 1 000 yard, Pijirlooji Kaledoni to Brooklyn, New York (1932) Medaal kaŋŋe, Doggol Kilomeeteer gooto, e Doggol Kilomeeteer tati, Y MC.A. Pijirlooji, New York (1932) Koppi kaalis, dogdu feccere kiloomeeteer, e keɓɗo kopporeeje kaalis e nder dogdu kiloomeeteer gooto, kawgel ñalngu ladde Demokaraasi, New Haven, Connecticut (1933) Ɗiɗaɓo (e G.K Dorgu), kawgel tennis worɓe ɗiɗo Lagos, diɗɗal B (1938) Nafooje (gorko Anchor), Kippu ZAC e nder kawgel njulaagu [[Lagos]] (1939) Nasti ngam daranaago lesdi Naajeeriya nder fijirde Half-Mile e One Mile Run nder fijirde laamu lesdi Biritaniya nder hitaande 1934, ammaa A.A.A lesdi Biritaniya sali mo ngam 'daliilu karallaaku'. (Ngolɗoo jaɓgol addani mo winndude ɓataake lolluɗo, o woppi innde makko e ɗemngal Engele, hono Benjamin) === Tergal === Fedde fuku koyɗe Diamant (1922-24) Fedde fijooji Merkiir to New York (1932-34) Kaɓirgal tennis to Akra (1935-1937) Patron, fedde fijirde Zik (gila 1956) Hooreejo, Fedde Kirikit [[Naajeeriya]] (1940–44) Hooreejo, Fedde Njulaagu [[Naajeeriya]] (1938–41) Cukko hooreejo, fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e boksi leydi Nijeer (gila 1949) Hooreejo fedde fuku koyɗe diiwaan [[Lagos]] (1951-1954) Hooreejo, Fedde Fijooji Amateur [[Naajeeriya]] (gila 1952) Hooreejo, Fedde ''Tennis'' Tabal [[Naajeeriya]] (gila 1953) Cukko Patron e tergal Goomu, Goomu Olimpiyaade Nijeer, e Fedde Pijirlooji Laamu Biritaan e ''Commonwealth'' (gila 1951) <ref>Alegi, Peter (2010). African Soccerscapes: How a Continent Changed the World's Game. Ohio University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-89680-278-0}}.</ref> ​<ref>{{Cite web|title=Before Joining FIFA and CAF; Nigeria FA was Affiliated to the FA in England|url=https://www.sportsvillagesquare.com/2018/08/21/before-joining-fifa-and-caf-nigeria-fa-was-affiliated-to-the-fa-in-england/|date=2018-08-21|website=Sports Village Square|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-30|archive-date=4 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804235509/https://www.sportsvillagesquare.com/2018/08/21/before-joining-fifa-and-caf-nigeria-fa-was-affiliated-to-the-fa-in-england/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehistoryville.com/nnamdi-azikiwe/|title=Nnamdi Azikiwe: How do We Remember Nigeria's First President? – HistoryVille|date=16 November 2022}}</ref> == Golle binndol == === Jaaynde jaayndeyaagal e tafngo === Rewɓe ɓee ndaranii yoɓde njoɓdi Angalteer e hitaande 1929, ko ɗum seedtini warngooji keewɗi e nder Opobo, tawi ko soldateeɓe Angalteer ardii ɗum en e nokkuuji goɗɗi e nder diiwaan fuɗnaange. Azikiwe, nde nani kewu nguu, winndi winndannde ñaawoore tiitoonde mum ko ‘Warde rewɓe e nder leydi Nijeer’, nde o woni e janngude haa jooni to Amerik e hitaande 1930, e ɓataake mo o winndi e oon sahaa, daraniiɗo hakkeeji siwil ''Pan''-[[Afrik]], hono W. E. B. Du Bois. Nde o woni to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Lincoln, Azikiwe winndi deftere makko adannde wiyeteende ‘Liberia e nder politik winndere’ e hitaande 1931. Azikiwe ɗaɓɓiriino wonde jaagorgal caggal leydi to leydi Liberiya, kono o saliima sabu o wonaa jeyaaɗo e leydi ndii.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nnamdi Azikiwe: African Philosopher; scholar and eminent journalist|work=The Journalist|url=https://www.thejournalist.org.za/pioneers/nnamdi-azikiwe-african-philosopher-scholar-and-eminent-journalist|access-date=2020-05-29}}</ref> E hitaande 1934, nde Azikiwe warti [[Lagos]], o anndaa no feewi, o yi’aama no neɗɗo tedduɗo e won e renndo [[Lagos]] e [[Igbo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe|url=http://www.ekwendigbo.com/index.php/en/profiles/blessed-memories/83-nnamdi-azikiwe|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805055431/http://www.ekwendigbo.com/index.php/en/profiles/blessed-memories/83-nnamdi-azikiwe|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 August 2020|website=www.ekwendigbo.com|language=en-gb|access-date=2020-05-29}}</ref> O jaɓɓaama e juuɗe yimɓe seeɗa, kolliri binndi makko to [[Amerik]] ina laaɓi ina njottii [[Naajeeriya]].{{sfn|Tonkin|1990|p=38}} To leydi Nijeer, faandaare Azikiwe adannde ko heɓde darnde fotnde e jaŋde makko ; caggal ɗaɓɓaande keewnde nde o heɓaani (ina heen ngam heɓde posto janngingol to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ''King’s College'', [[Lagos]]), o jaɓi ɗaɓɓaande jom jawdi en [[Gana|Ganaa]] biyeteeɗo Alfred Ocansey ngam wonde gardiiɗo sosɗo jaaynde wiyeteende ''African Morning Post'', jaaynde hesere ñalnde kala to [[Accra]], [[Gana|Ganaa]].<ref name="theworldnews.net2">{{Cite news|date=2019-02-03|title=Reminiscing The Founding Fathers: Nnamdi Azikiwe|url=https://leadership.ng/reminiscing-the-founding-fathers-nnamdi-azikiwe/|access-date=2021-10-19|newspaper=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-01-07|title=Dr Nnamdi Azikiwe|url=https://thenigerianhistory.wordpress.com/dr-nnamdi-azikiwe/|access-date=2022-03-26|website=our history|language=en}}</ref> O rokkaama junngo ngam dogginde jaaynde ndee, o ƴetti gollotooɓe mum heewɓe e asliiji ɗii.{{sfn|Orji|2013|p=68}} Azikiwe winndi "''The Inside Stuff by'' Zik", deftere nde o winndi e nder mum ko fayti e ngenndiyaŋkaagal radikal e manngu ɓaleejo, ko ɗum addani won e kulhuli e nder dingiral koloñaal.<ref>{{cite news|title=African graduate of Lincoln creates stir in his native land|date=22 August 1936|work=New Journal and Guide}}</ref> Ko o editor, o ƴelliti ajendaaji ngenndiyaŋkooɓe daraniiɓe [[Afrik]].<ref name="theworldnews.net3">{{Cite news|date=2019-02-03|title=Reminiscing The Founding Fathers: Nnamdi Azikiwe|url=https://leadership.ng/reminiscing-the-founding-fathers-nnamdi-azikiwe/|access-date=2021-10-19|newspaper=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> Yuri Smertin siftinii binndol makko ngol ko, "binndanɗe cemmbinɗe e haalaaji renndo ɗi cemmbini njuɓɓudi koloñaal gonndi ndii : keeri hakke Afriknaaɓe hollirde miijooji mum en, e njiyaagu njiyaagu". Yuri kadi ñiŋii ɓeen Afriknaaɓe jeyaaɓe e ‘elite’ renndo koloñaal, yiɗɓe jogaade njuɓɓudi gonndi ndii, nde tawnoo ɓe njiyri ɗum ko « tuugnorgal wellitaare maɓɓe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dr Nnamdi Azikiwe|url=https://thenigerianhistory.wordpress.com/dr-nnamdi-azikiwe/|date=2013-01-07|website=our history|access-date=2020-05-29}}</ref> E nder dumunna mo Azikiwe woni e Accra, o yahri yeeso e filosof makko [[Afrik]] keso mo o ƴeewti caggal ɗuum e nder deftere makko, [[Afrik]] Renas50<ref>{{Cite web|title=Long awaited Zik's Day preps in Anambra|url=https://www.nationallightngr.com/2019/11/14/long-awaited-ziks-day-preps-in-anambra/|date=2019-11-14|website=National Light|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-29}}</ref>. E nder miijo filosof, Azikiwe wiyi wonde « ko leydi ɗo Afriknaaɓe ceertata e leƴƴi e laamuuji gaadanteeji, mbaylee e kuule filosof joy : ballondiral ruuhu, ƴellitaare renndo, pellital faggudu, ndimaagu hakkille e ngenndiyaŋkaagal risorgimento ». Azikiwe ronkaani politik Gold Coast, kadi jaaynde ndee ina wallita lannda Mambii nokku oo.{{sfn|Tonkin|1990|p=41}} ''The Post'', jaaynde nokkuure ndee yaltinii winndannde ñalnde 15 mee 1936, "Mbele Afriknaajo ina jogii Alla?" ko [[I. T. A. Wallace-Johnson]], e Azikiwe (hono winndiyanke) ñaawaama sabu fitinaaji.<ref name="theworldnews.net4">{{Cite news|date=2019-02-03|title=Reminiscing The Founding Fathers: Nnamdi Azikiwe|url=https://leadership.ng/reminiscing-the-founding-fathers-nnamdi-azikiwe/|access-date=2021-10-19|newspaper=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> O fuɗɗii ko ñaaweede, o ñaawaa lebbi jeegom kasoo. E dow fenaande makko, Zik hollitii, "so tawii ko mi kuutorgal daɗndo ngal imperiyaalisma e nder [[Afrik]] hirnaange foti luulndaade e liɓde, kadi so tawii e nder ndeeɗoo njillu miɗo foti yoɓde njoɓdi ɓurndi toowde, ndeen alaa ko haani mi diwde walla mi diwta. Miɗo wondi e hoolaare ñalnde kala wonde the ''New'' restinality ina waawi wonde les [[Afrik]] keso oo stem it. Hay maayde am waawaa jokkude kristal mum." Caggal ɗuum o woppitaa e Ñaawirde Toownde [[Afrik]] Hirnaange.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nnamdi Azikiwe and the vision of a united Africa|url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/magazine/politicalreforms/Nnamdi-Azikiwe-and-the-vision-of-a-united-Africa/1843776-5116596-15o8e3tz/index.html|website=The Citizen|language=en|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> [[File:Nnamdi Azikiwe in Office, 1937.jpg|thumb|Azikiwe e nder biro mum, hitaande 1937]] Azikiwe warti [[Lagos]] nder hitaande 1937, o sosi jaaynde wiyeteende ''West African Pilot'', jaaynde nde o huutortoo ngam ɓamtude ngenndiyaŋkaagal e nder leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]], fedde Zik ''Group'' sosi jaayndeeji jowitiiɗi e toɓɓe politik e faggudu e nder gure teeŋtuɗe e nder leydi ndii fof.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Uche|first1=Luke Uka|title=Mass Media, People, and Politics in Nigeria|url=https://archive.org/details/massmediapeoplep0000uche|date=1989|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|page=[https://archive.org/details/massmediapeoplep0000uche/page/95 95]}}</ref> Jaaynde ɓurnde mawnude e fedde ndee ko ''Pilot'' [[Afrik]] worgo, nde huutorii ko konngol [[Dante Alighieri]] « Hollit annoore, yimɓe ɓee keɓata laawol » ngam waɗde heen konngol mum. Binndanɗe goɗɗe ko ''Defender'' [[Naajeeriya]] Fombinaari ummoriiɗo Warri (caggal mum [[Ibadan]]), Gardiiɗo Fuɗnaange (sosaaɗo e hitaande 1940, yaltinaa to Port Harcourt), e Kaaloowo [[Naajeeriya]] to [[Onitsha]].{{sfn|Idemili|1980|p=204}} Ko e hitaande 1944, fedde ndee heɓti deftere [[Dusé Mohamed Ali]] wiyeteende La Comète. Jaaynde Azikiwe ko njulaagu, kadi ko kuutorgal ngam politik e wallitde.{{sfn|Idemili|1980|p=195}} ''Pilot'' oo ɓuri tiiɗnaade ko e yeeyde ko ɓuri heewde ko e ''circulation'', ko ɓuri heewde ko sabu firms expatriés ɓuri waawde faggudu leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]].{{sfn|Idemili|1980|p=199}} Jaayɗe Azikiwe keewɗe teeŋtinii sensationalisme e daartol nafoore aadee ; ''the Pilot'' nastini yewtere fijirle e ta'irde rewɓe, ɓesdi yewtere dow kuuɗe [[Naajeeriya]] to ɗum hawti bee limngal limngal limngal limngal limngal ''Daily Times'' (ngal teddini limngal limngal yimɓe lesdi feere e limngal lesdi feere).{{sfn|Idemili|1980|p=200}} Doggol Pilot gadanol ngol ko 6 000 ekkol ñalawma kala ; e tolno mum ɓurɗo mawnude e hitaande 1950, nde ina yaltina ko ina tolnoo e 20 000 ekkol.{{sfn|Idemili|1980|p=203}} Azikiwe sosi gollorɗe njulaagu goɗɗe (hono Banke Kontinental [[Afrik]] e Restoran Penny) e oon sahaa, o huutorii jaayɗe makko ngam yeeyde ɗe.{{sfn|Tonkin|1990|p=42}} Ko adii wolde adunaare ɗimmere, ''Pilot'' [[Afrik]] worgo<ref>{{Cite news|date=2022-11-29|title=The Sage and his Jewel: A society wedding in Ikenne Remo, By Tayo Agunbiade|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/opinion/568055-the-sage-and-his-jewel-a-society-wedding-in-ikenne-remo-by-tayo-agunbiade.html|access-date=2022-12-26|newspaper=[[Premium Times]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> yiytaa ko no kaayitaaji etaade mahde tuugnorgal cirkulaasiyoŋ wonaa radikal peeñɗo. Editorialji ɓataake oo e yeewtere politik ndee ina teeŋtini tooñanngeeji baɗeteeɗi e [[Afrik|Afriknaaɓe]], e ñiŋde njuɓɓudi koloñaal e ballal miijooji eliteeji jannguɓe to [[Lagos]].{{sfn|Tonkin|1990|p=42}} Kono, e hitaande 1940, waylo-waylo seeɗa-seeɗa waɗi. No o waɗiri e jaaynde ''African Morning Post'' nii, Azikiwe fuɗɗii winndude lowre wiyeteende "''Inside Stuff''", nde o etotoo sahaa e sahaa fof ƴellitde hakkillaaji politik.{{sfn|Idemili|1980|p=221}}Editorialuuji jaaynde ndee ina noddi jeytaare [[Afrik]], haa teeŋti noon caggal nde dille jeytaare Inndo ummii.{{sfn|Idemili|1980|p=221}} Hay so tawii kaayitaaji ɗii ina mballita Angalteer e nder wolde nde, ɗi ñiŋii peeje ustude ngalu ko wayi no ƴellitde cogguuli e ustude njoɓdi.<ref name="lifeandtimesnews.com">{{Cite news|title=Accord concondiale: The continuous search for Nigeria's elusive unity and indivisibility (4)|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/accord-concondiale-the-continuous-search-for-nigerias-elusive-unity-and-indivisibility-4/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|last=Sun News|date=2017|newspaper=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|The Sun]]|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> E hitaande 1943, Diiso Angalteer (Conseil britannique) wallitii rewooɓe [[Afrik]] worgo 8 (ina heen Azikiwe), kanko e rewooɓe 6 woɗɓe ɓe kuutoriima fartaŋŋe ngam humpitaade jeytaare politik potnde waɗeede. Jaayndiyankooɓe ɓee ciifi ɓataake ngam ɗaɓɓude peeje moƴƴe renndo-politik seeɗa-seeɗa, tawa ina jeyaa heen ittugol njuɓɓudi koloñaal korona, wakilaagu diiwaanuuji e jeytaare koloñaaluuji [[Afrik]] hirnaange Angalteer e hitaande 1958 walla 1960.{{sfn|Idemili|1980|p=220}} ''Memorandum'' oo, biro koloñaal oo yejjiti ɗum, ɗum ɓeydi fitinaaji Azikiwe.{{sfn|Idemili|1980|p=233}} Omo jogii nafoore mawnde e jaayɗe ko ina tolnoo e 12 ñalnde kala, ɗe [[Afrik|Afriknaaɓe]] njiylotoo. Binndanɗe Azikiwe ko faati e ngenndiyaŋkaagal [[Afrik]], mawnikinaare ɓaleeɓe e doole mum en, njibinii politikaaji koloñaal en heewɓe, naftorii [[Afrik|Afriknaaɓe]] heewɓe ŋakkiraaɓe.<ref name="Nnamdi Azikiwe">{{Cite web|title=Nnamdi Azikiwe|url=http://dreamworldpioneers.com/3/post/2018/12/nnamdi-azikiwe.html|website=DREAM WORLD PIONEERS VENTURES|language=en|access-date=2020-05-30|archive-date=4 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804162946/http://dreamworldpioneers.com/3/post/2018/12/nnamdi-azikiwe.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Jaayɗe Fuɗnaange [[Afrik]] ina keewi yaltude e ɗemngal [[Suwahili]], so wonaa jaayɗe kabaruuji ko wayi ''no East African Standard''. Azikiwe wayliima no feewi e nder jaayɗe [[Afrik]] worgo, hollitii wonde jaayndeyaagal e ɗemngal Engele ina waawi dañde nafoore. E hitaande 1950, jaayɗe joy ɓurɗe mawnude ɗe [[Afrik]] toppitii e nder diiwaan Fuɗnaange (ina heen jaaynde Nigerian Daily Times) ɓuri ''Pilot'' yeeyde. Ñalnde 8 [[lewru]] juko hitaande 1945, laamu leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] haɗi Azikiwe ''Pilot'' [[Afrik]] hirnaange e ''Daily Comet'' ngam hollirde ko boni e humpitooji ko faati e seppo mawngo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nnamdi Azikiwe: African Philosopher; scholar and eminent journalist|work=The Journalist|url=https://www.thejournalist.org.za/pioneers/nnamdi-azikiwe-african-philosopher-scholar-and-eminent-journalist|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> Azikiwe hay so jaɓii ɗum, o jokki e yaltinde binndanɗe ko faati e seppo ngoo e nder jaaynde wiyeteende ''Guardian'' (jaaynde makko Port Harcourt). O ardii seppo mawngo e hitaande 1945, o woni hooreejo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] fuɗnaange gila 1954 haa 1959.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Azikiwe, Benjamin Nnamdi {{!}} Infoplease|url=https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/history/asia-africa/african-bios/azikiwe-benjamin-nnamdi|website=www.infoplease.com|language=en|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> E kitaale 1960, caggal jeytaare leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]], ''Pilot'' ngenndiijo [[Afrik]] hirnaange ina teskaa e fuɗnaange. Azikiwe ƴettii faandaare teeŋtunde e pelle politik ɗe njiɗnoo ko ittude. O ñiŋaama e fedde [[Yoruba language|Yoruba]] en sabu huutoraade jaaynde makko ngam haɗde luulndaade miijooji makko. E maayde Azikiwe, jaaynde The New York Times wiyi wonde o "toowiima e geɗe ngenndi ɓurndi heewde yimɓe e nder [[Afrik]], o heɓi darnde jaambaaro ngenndiijo goonga, garɗo teskeede e nder diiwaanuuji e leƴƴi ceertuɗi leydi makko."<ref name="Times">{{cite news|last1=French|first1=Howard W.|title=Nnamdi Azikiwe, the First President of Nigeria, Dies at 91|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/05/14/world/nnamdi-azikiwe-the-first-president-of-nigeria-dies-at-91.html|access-date=8 November 2018|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=14 May 1996}}</ref> [[File:Azikiwe and Zungur in London 1949.png|thumb|Azikiwe e [[Sa'adu Zungur]] to Londres (1949)]] == Azikiwe olle politik == wonti golloowo e nder fedde sukaaɓe [[Naajeeriya]] (NYM), fedde ngenndiyaŋkoore arandeere e nder leydi ndi.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-05-03|title=The Nigerian Youth Movement (1934–1951)|url=https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/nigerian-youth-movement-1934-1951/|access-date=2022-12-26|language=en-US}}</ref> Hay so tawii o walliino [[Samuel Akisanya]] ngam wonde kanndidaa NYM ngam heɓde jooɗorde wootere e nder Diiso sarɗiiji e hitaande 1941, tawi diiso doosɗe suɓiima [[Ernest Ikoli]].<ref name="Sklar 2004 53–54">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Oi0aVR4YkmUC&pg=PA53|title=Nigerian Political Parties: Power in an Emergent African Nation|first=Richard L.|last=Sklar|pages=53–54|publisher=Africa World Press|year=2004|isbn=978-1-59221-209-5}}</ref> Azikiwe wurtini NYM, o tuumi ardungal ɓurngal ɗuuɗugo nder Yoruba'en ɗon ƴama yimɓe Ijebu-Yoruba'en e Igbo'en. Won e terɗe Ijebu ndewi e makko, pecci dille ɗee e laabi leƴƴi.<ref name="Sklar 2004 53–542">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Oi0aVR4YkmUC&pg=PA53|title=Nigerian Political Parties: Power in an Emergent African Nation|first=Richard L.|last=Sklar|pages=53–54|publisher=Africa World Press|year=2004|isbn=978-1-59221-209-5}}</ref> O naati nder siyaasaaku, o sosi kawtal lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] e lesdi [[Kamerun|Kameruun]] (NCNC) bee [[Herbert Macaulay]] nder hitaande 1944. Azikiwe laati hooreejo kawtal ngal nder hitaande 1946. NCNC hawti bee lanndaaji lesdi [[Naajeeriya]], kawtal fina-tawaa, e kawtal kuugal lesdi [[Naajeeriya]], Kawtal Rewbe Demokaraasi [[Naajeeriya]] ekn lannda woni lannda siyaasa tataɓal sosaangal nder leydi [[Naajeeriya]] ɓaawo lannda ''Democratic National'' [[Naajeeriya]] (kañum ne sosi ɗum [[Herbert Macaulay]]), e Mouvement Sukaaɓe [[Naajeeriya]]. Terɗe lannda kaa teeŋtuɗe ina njeyaa heen; [[Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti|Fumilayo Ransome-Kuti]], [[M.I.Okpara]], J.O. Fadahunsi, [[Eyo Ita]], [[Margaret Ekpo]], [[Raymond Njoku]], F.S. McEwen, [[Festus Okotie-Eboh]],[[Timote Paul Birabi]], A.K. Blankson, [[Dennis Osadebay|Denis Osadebay]], e [[TOS Benson]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Oi0aVR4YkmUC&pg=PA53|title=Nigerian Political Parties: Power in an Emergent African Nation|first=Richard L.|last=Sklar|pages=57–58|publisher=Africa World Press|year=2004|isbn=978-1-59221-209-5}}</ref> === Tuumeede fedde === Sabu ballal Azikiwe e seppo mawngo e [[lewru]] suwee 1945 e njanguuji makko e laamu koloñaal, bayyinaango ''Pilot'' [[Afrik]] hirnaange dartinaama ñalnde 8 sulyee ndeen hitaande.<ref name="DR. BENJAMIN NNAMDI AZIKIWE">{{Cite web|title=Dr. Benjamin Nnamdi Azikiwe|url=https://ilanssenyange.wixsite.com/ilannews/single-post/2017/11/10/DR-BENJAMIN-NNAMDI-AZIKIWE|website=ilannews|date=10 November 2017|language=en|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> O yetti liggotooɓe seppooɓe ɓee e hooreejo maɓɓe, [[Michael Imoudu]], o tuumi laamu koloñaal ina huutoroo liggotooɓe.{{sfn|Orji|2013|p=79}} E [[lewru]] ut, jaaynde ndee jaɓaama fuɗɗaade yaltude.{{sfn|Idemili|1980|p=255}} E nder seppo ngo, Azikiwe ummini alarm ko faati e peeje warngooji ɗi yimɓe ɓe nganndaaka, gollotooɓe e innde laamu koloñaal.{{sfn|Orji|2013|p=79}} Daartol makko e tuumeede ko mesaas wireless mo jaayndiyanke ''Pilot'' nanngi.{{sfn|Idemili|1980|p=200}} Caggal nde o heɓi mesaas mo o taƴi oo, Azikiwe naati suuɗde to [[Onitsha]]. ''Pilot'' yaltinii binndanɗe yurmeende e sahaa nde o alaa, kadi Naajeeriyankooɓe heewɓe ina ngoongɗini daartol warngo ngoo.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-11-16|title=Nnamdi Azikiwe: A True National Hero|url=https://m.guardian.ng/life/nnamdi-azikiwe-a-true-national-hero/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-09-11|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nwafor|first=Emmanuel Mordi|date=2018|title=The role of the press in the democratic process: The example of Nigeria's First Republic, 1960–1966|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328234488|journal=}}</ref> Lowre Azikiwe, e cirƴam jaayndeeji makko, ɓeydii e ooɗoo sahaa. Tuume ɗee ina cikki won e Naajeeriyankooɓe, ɓe cikkatnoo ko o waɗi ɗe ngam ɓamtude darnde makko.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nwafor|first=Emmanuel Mordi|date=2018|title=The role of the press in the democratic process: The example of Nigeria's First Republic, 1960–1966|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328234488|journal=}}</ref> Sikke alaa ko ɓuri heewde e maɓɓe ko politikaaji Yoruba en ummoriiɓe e fedde sukaaɓe [[Naajeeriya]], ko ɗum waɗi luural hakkunde pelle ɗee e hare jaayndeeji hakkunde ''Pilot'' Azikiwe e ''Daily Service NYM.'' [[File:Members of Zikist Movement.jpg|thumb|Terɗe fedde Zikist en]] === Diɗɗal Zikist en === Sukaaɓe ɓee kawri ngam haɓaade laamu koloñaal Angalteer. Gooto e fedde sukaaɓe hono ndee ko Zikist en. Diɗɗal sukaaɓe ngal alaa ko bonnata – e gardagol Kolawole Balogun, [[Raji Abdallah]], [[Osita Agwuna]], [[M. C. K. Ajuluchukwu]] e Abiodun Aloba – sosaa ko e hitaande 1946 ngam daranaade nguurndam Azikiwe e miijooji mum laamu hoore mum.{{sfn|Orji|2013|p=79}} <ref>{{Cite web|last=University|first=Nnamdi Azikiwe|date=2021-11-16|title=Profile of Nnamdi Azikiwe|url=https://zikslectureseries.unizik.edu.ng/profile-of-nnamdi-azikiwe/|access-date=2022-06-14|website=Zik's Lecture Series|language=en-US}}</ref>{{sfn|Idemili|1980|p=262}}Kola Balogun woni hooreejo gadano dillere Zikist en. E lewru feebariyee 1946, Balogun neldi noddaango fotde sukaaɓe 20 to [[Lagos]], ngam naamnaade miijo maɓɓe e geɗe ngenndiije. E nder capanɗe ɗiɗi ɗee, sappo e ɗiɗo njaabiima, ɗum addani sosde Diɗɗal Zikist, nde tawnoo ɓeen worɓe ngontii terɗe sosɗe maggal. [[Nwafor Orizu]] sinci helmere 'Zikism' diga Azikiwe nde laati innde diina man.<ref name="Olusanya-1966">{{Cite journal|last=Olusanya|first=G. O.|date=November 1966|title=The Zikist Movement—a Study in Political Radicalism, 1946–50|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-modern-african-studies/article/abs/zikist-movementa-study-in-political-radicalism-194650/827C21945CCED6CADD67EE7FDB230159|journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies|language=en|volume=4|issue=3|pages=323–333|doi=10.1017/S0022278X00013501|issn=1469-7777|url-access=subscription}}</ref> O wonaa tergal e dillere nde kono ko o sehil ɓadiiɗo e jiɗɗo Azikiwe, kadi omo jeyaa e sukaaɓe heewɓe ɓe Azikiwe doolni ngam janngude to [[Amerik]], e sara [[Eyo Ita]] e [[K. O. Mbadiwe|KO Mbadiwe]]. [[Raji Abdallah]] wonti hooreejo ɗiɗaɓo fedde Zikist, caggal nde Balogun ummii [[Londres]], o golliima gila 1948 haa 1949. O waɗii nafoore mawnde e heɓde ballal to bannge worgo e jeyeede e fedde nde. Abdallah e Osita Agwuna (jaagorde makko) ko ɓooyaani koo mbaɗi fedde wiyeteende “Anti-''Colour Bar'' Mouvement” (ACBM) to [[Kano]], fedde nde ina luulndii njiyaagu seerndude ɓaleeɓe e ɓaleeɓe e nder leydi Nijeer. ACBM caggal mum fusi e nder fedde Zikist ɓurnde mawnude.<ref name="Iweriebor-1993">{{Cite book|last=Iweriebor|first=Ehiedu Emmanuel Goodluck|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cu3-twEACAAJ|title=Radical Nationalism in Nigeria: The Zikist Movement and the Struggle for Liberation, 1945-1950|date=1993|publisher=U.M.I.|language=en}}</ref> No Balogun nii, e hitaande 1948, Abdallah riiwaa e golle mum e nder sarwiis jaayndeeji Kano, sarwiis jaayndeeji rajooji. Ko riiwtude mo addani mo ɓeydaade jokkondirde e Mouvement Zikist. O riiwaa sabu naatgol makko e dillere Zikist ina sikkaa ko politik ɓurɗo laaɓtude wonande golloowo laamu. Abdallah ñaawaa caggal mum ñalnde 7 noowammbar 1948 to Ñaawirde Toownde [[Lagos]], ɗo o waɗi konngol, o wiyi nii, "Ɗum ko ñalawma teeŋtuɗo no feewi. Ko ɓuri teeŋtude, ma a taw e nder daartol leydi men. Miɗo noddira ɗum ko ɓuri teeŋtude sabu ko hannde pot-ɗen fellitde, mbele eɗen poti anndude hol ko foti wonde freemen walla alaa?" "Miɗo yiɗi Union Jack e ɓernde am fof. Sabu so wonaa e nder leydi Angalteer, ɗo yahrata fof; woɗɗi hawrude, ina renndini yimɓe ɓee. Mi alaa ko njogiimi e laamɗo George VI mo Angalteer. Kono miɗo yiɗi ''Crown'' leydi Angalteer e ɓernde am fof. Ngam miin e banndiraaɓe am, ko maande tooñannge, maande tooñannge, maande tooñannge, ko juuti e inige petition. En njaltii e duuɓi dipolomasi. Ko ɗum waɗi, miɗo ɗoo jamma, ngam noddirde spade ko spade, e machete ko machete." "Hande, min, Habibu Raji Abdallah, bee mo'ere Allah, hooreejo lesdi Zikist ''Movement'' e ''Field'' Secretary NCNC, mi ɗon anndina hoore am mi ɓii lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] jeytaare e jeytaare. Mi walaa gooŋgaaku haa kala laamu jananndu, nden boo nder walaa' laamu lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] e heforth ngam yimɓe lesdi [[Naajeeriya]]; haani ɗooftaade kala sariya, ko wonaa sariyaaji ɓiɗɓe leydi [[Najeriyaagal|Najeriya]], aadaaji e sariyaaji hakkunde leyɗeele.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|title=The labour of our heroes past… (II)|url=https://dailytrust.com/the-labour-of-our-heroes-past-ii/|access-date=2026-06-21|newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> Ko ɗum waɗi, mi yoɓataa njoɓdi ndii e ooɗoo laamu.Ngam so a yoɓii, ɓe kuutortoo ko kaalis ngam duumaade njiimaandi maɓɓe e dow maa."[citation needed] E dow ñaawoore makko, o jaabtii e mitigation ''Greggcitation'', ''presitation'',<ref name=":02">{{Cite news|title=The labour of our heroes past… (II)|url=https://dailytrust.com/the-labour-of-our-heroes-past-ii/|access-date=2026-06-21|newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> "so tawii aɗa gooŋɗini e goonga wonde ko bonannde haɓaade ndimaagu, ndeen noon, e kala sahaa, ñaaw am haa mi wara. So tawiino miɗo woppitee hannde, mi waawaa rokkude hoolaare ngam muusde ɗemngal am. Miin noon, ɓernde am ina laaɓi, miɗo weltii e accude ñaawoore sakkitiinde nde So rifatho, the fuverill to weltaare waɗɓe ma ɗoo mi acca ñaawoore sakkitiinde ndee e Alla.” <ref name="Iweriebor-19932">{{Cite book|last=Iweriebor|first=Ehiedu Emmanuel Goodluck|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cu3-twEACAAJ|title=Radical Nationalism in Nigeria: The Zikist Movement and the Struggle for Liberation, 1945-1950|date=1993|publisher=U.M.I.|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Oluwagbemi|first=Ayodele|date=2016-02-14|title=Remembering the Zikist Movement|url=https://punchng.com/remembering-the-zikist-movement/|access-date=2024-04-02|newspaper=[[The Punch]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Enesi|first=Prince H.|date=2017-01-01|title=HABIB RAJI ABDALLAH, 1920 - 1982: AN UNCOMMON NATIONALIST FORGOTTEN IN THE SANDS OF HISTORY|url=https://www.academia.edu/38424995|journal=International Journal of Arts and Humanities}}</ref> Konnguɗi makko lolluɗi ɗii njahdi ko caggal keeri leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]], ɗi njaɓaa ko e lannda leƴƴi kawral (CPP) mo [[Kwame Nkrumah]] to Cote d’Or (hannde [[Gana|Ganaa]]). Laamu koloñaal jaɓaani moƴƴere e les njiimaandi rewolison e nulal Abdallah. Ko ɗum waɗi Abdallah e ardiiɓe fedde Zikist en nayo nanngaa, ɓe tuumaama ko ɓe fitinaaji.<ref name="Olusanya-19662">{{Cite journal|last=Olusanya|first=G. O.|date=November 1966|title=The Zikist Movement—a Study in Political Radicalism, 1946–50|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-modern-african-studies/article/abs/zikist-movementa-study-in-political-radicalism-194650/827C21945CCED6CADD67EE7FDB230159|journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies|language=en|volume=4|issue=3|pages=323–333|doi=10.1017/S0022278X00013501|issn=1469-7777|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Ndeeɗoo ƴaañgal e ardorde Zikist en addani njuɓɓudi goɗndi e nder Diɗɗal Zikist en, addani Nduka Eze yaltude hooreejo leydi, caggal nde Abdallah sokaa, Mokwugo Okoye wonti sekreteruuji mawɗi. Zikist en, e nder yontaaji, njaltii e NCNC, ɓuri ngenndiyaŋkooɓe e njuɓɓudi jibinannde mum en. Ofiseeji koloñaal en njiyri dille Zikist en ko renndo ngo rewaani laawol, ɓe njaltini yamiroore (''Order-in-Council''), ɓe kaɗi dille Zikist en ñalnde 12 abriil 1950. Caggal ɗuum fedde nde fusi, terɗe mayre mbayli e politik, e njulaagu, e laamu aadaaji.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-08-01|title=Remembering Raji Abdullah, Northern Leader Of The Zikist Movement – Igbo Defender|url=https://igbodefender.com/remembering-raji-abdullah-northern-leader-zikist-movement/|access-date=2024-04-02|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-08-01|title=Remembering Raji Abdullah, Northern Leader Of The Zikist Movement – Igbo Defender|url=https://igbodefender.com/remembering-raji-abdullah-northern-leader-zikist-movement/|access-date=2024-04-02|language=en-US}}</ref> === Luulndaade doosgal leydi Richards === E hitaande 1945, guwerneer leydi Biritaan biyeteeɗo [[Arthur Richards]] hollitii eɓɓooje ngam waylude doosɗe leydi [[Clifford shaw|Clifford]] ɗe hitaande 1922.<ref name="lifeandtimesnews.com2">{{Cite news|title=Accord concondiale: The continuous search for Nigeria's elusive unity and indivisibility (4)|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/accord-concondiale-the-continuous-search-for-nigerias-elusive-unity-and-indivisibility-4/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|last=Sun News|date=2017|newspaper=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|The Sun]]|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> Ina jeyaa e eɓɓaande ndee ɓeydugol terɗe [[Afrik]] toɗɗaaɗe e Diiso sarɗiiji. Kono waylooji ɗii ko ngenndiyankooɓe hono Azikiwe luulndii ɗum en.<ref name="Nnamdi Azikiwe2">{{Cite web|title=Nnamdi Azikiwe|url=http://dreamworldpioneers.com/3/post/2018/12/nnamdi-azikiwe.html|website=DREAM WORLD PIONEERS VENTURES|language=en|access-date=2020-05-30|archive-date=4 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804162946/http://dreamworldpioneers.com/3/post/2018/12/nnamdi-azikiwe.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Politiyankooɓe NCNC njaɓaani kuule ɗe [[Arthur Richards]] ƴetti, kam e kuulal doosgal leydi ndi ina ɗaɓɓi terɗe [[Afrik|Afriknaaɓe]] nay cuɓaaɗe tan ; heddiiɓe ɓee maa ngona kanndidaaji toɗɗaaɗi.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Seng|first=Michael P.|date=1985|title=Democracy in Nigeria|url=https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3qk5d1h9|journal=National Black Law Journal|volume=9|issue=2|pages=144–166|via=escholarship.org}}</ref> Kanndidaaji [[Afrik|Afriknaaɓe]] toɗɗaaɗi ɗii ko lolluɓe laamu koloñaal, tee ɓe njiɗaa laamu hoore maɓɓe e dow fenaande. Daartol luulndo ngoɗngol ko ŋakkeende nafoore ngam yahrude yeeso [[Afrik|Afriknaaɓe]] e jappeere laamu toownde. NCNC ina hebli ngam haɓaade haala mum e laamu kesu nguu, hono [[Clement Attlee]] to leydi Angalteer.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Clement Attlee and union links|url=https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/cabinetpapers/themes/clement-attlee-union-links.htm|last=The National Archives|website=NationalArchives.gov.uk|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> Jaɓɓungal leydi ndi fuɗɗii ngam humpitaade ko woni e lannda ka, e dañde kaalis ngam seppo leydi Angalteer.{{sfn|Olusanya|1964|p=246}}Hooreejo lannda NCNC, [[Herbert Macaulay]] maayi e nder njillu ngu, Azikiwe ƴetti ardaade lannda ka. O ardii delegaasiyoŋ oo haa Londres, ngam heblude njillu nguu, o yahi [[Amerik]] ngam ɗaɓɓude yurmeende e haala lannda kaa. Azikiwe hawri e [[Eleanor Roosevelt]] to [[Hyde Park]], o haali ko fayti e "rimɗinde leydi [[Naajeeriya]] e maccungaagu politik, ŋakkeende kisal faggudu e ŋakkeende renndo".<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nnamdi Azikiwe {{!}} Nationalism and Decolonization|url=https://nigerianscholars.com/tutorials/nationalism-and-decolonization/nnamdi-azikiwe/|access-date=2023-12-13|website=Nigerian Scholars|language=en-US}}</ref> Delegaasiyoŋ Angalteer ina jeyaa heen Azikiwe, [[Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti]], Zanna Dipcharima, [[Abubakar Olorun-Nimbe|Abubakar Olorunimbe]], P. M. Kale, Adeleke Adedoyin e Nyong Essien. Ɓe njilliima Biro Kolonial Fedde Fabian, Goomu Laamɗo Gollotooɓe e Dental Almudɓe [[Afrik]] Hirnaange ngam humpitaade eɓɓooji mum ngam waylude doosɗe leydi 1922. Ina jeyaa e eɓɓooje NCNC, jokkondirde e [[Afrik|Afriknaaɓe]] ko faati e waylooji doosɗe leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]], ɓeydude doole e nder suudu sarɗiiji diiwaan oo e ustude doole e nder suudu sarɗiiji hakkundeejo to bannge difagol, kaalis e geɗe caggal leydi.{{sfn|Olusanya|1964|p=247}} Delegaasiyoŋ oo yettinii eɓɓaaɗe mum to gardiiɗo jaagorɗe koloñaal, kono ko seeɗa tan waɗi ngam waylude eɓɓaaɗe Richards. Doosgal Richards fuɗɗii golle ko e hitaande 1947, Azikiwe haɓa e gooto e jooɗorɗe [[Lagos]] ngam leeltinde golle mum.<ref>{{Cite web|last=University|first=Nnamdi Azikiwe|date=2021-11-16|title=Profile of Nnamdi Azikiwe|url=https://zikslectureseries.unizik.edu.ng/profile-of-nnamdi-azikiwe/|access-date=2023-12-13|website=Zik's Lecture Series|language=en-US}}</ref> [[File:Stamp Cameroons 2d-600px.jpg|thumb|Tammborde Naajeeriya hitaande 1953]] === Duuɓi 1950 haa 1953 === E nder doosgal leydi Richards, Azikiwe suɓaama e nder Diisnondiral Legislatif e nder wooteeji municipaal [[Lagos]] ummoraade e lannda Demokaraasi ngenndiijo (fotde NCNC).<ref>{{Cite news|title=Accord concondiale: The continuous search for Nigeria's elusive unity and indivisibility (4)|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/accord-concondiale-the-continuous-search-for-nigerias-elusive-unity-and-indivisibility-4/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|date=2017|access-date=2020-05-30|newspaper=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|The Sun]]}}</ref> Kanko e wakiliijo lannda makko ɓe tawtoraaka batu gadano diisnondiral ngal, kadi agitaasiyoŋ ngam waylude doosgal leydi Richards addani doosgal leydi [[Macpherson]].<ref name="Nnamdi Azikiwe3">{{Cite web|title=Nnamdi Azikiwe|url=http://dreamworldpioneers.com/3/post/2018/12/nnamdi-azikiwe.html|website=DREAM WORLD PIONEERS VENTURES|language=en|access-date=2020-05-30|archive-date=4 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804162946/http://dreamworldpioneers.com/3/post/2018/12/nnamdi-azikiwe.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Doosgal Macpherson fuɗɗii golle ko e hitaande 1951, hono no doosgal Richards nii, noddi wooteeji e nder suudu sarɗiiji diiwaan oo. Azikiwe saliima waylooji ɗii, o haɓanaaki fartaŋŋe waylude doosgal leydi kesal ngal. Wooteeji limtaaɗi mbaɗaama tuggi lewru ut haa lewru desaambar 1951.<ref>{{Cite news|title=The 1951 elections: How Awolowo forced Azikiwe out of western Nigeria|url=https://businessday.ng/columnist/article/the-1951-elections-how-awolowo-forced-azikiwe-out-of-western-nigeria/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|last=Adekoya|first=Dr. Remi|date=2019|newspaper=[[BusinessDay (Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> To Diiwaan Hirnaange (ɗo Azikiwe darinoo ɗoo), lanndaaji ɗiɗi ɓuri heen heewde : NCNC mo Azikiwe e Goomu golle. Woote Asaambele diiwaan Hirnaange mbaɗaama e lewru suwee e desaambar 1951 sabu doosgal leydi ndii ina ɗaɓɓi e kollirɗe woote ngam suɓaade terɗe suudu sarɗiiji ngenndi ; ko ɓuri heewde e ''Action Group'' e nder suudu nduu ina waawi haɗde Azikiwe yahde suudu sarɗiiji.<ref>Onyioha, K.O.K. |date=20 November 1951|"Ben Azikiwe key figure in long Nigerian poll", ''Philadelphia Tribune'' (1912–2001).</ref> O heɓi jooɗorde asamblee diiwaan oo gila [[Lagos]], kono lannda luulndo ngoo wiyi ina jogii ɓural e nder suudu sarɗiiji, Azikiwe kadi daranaaki [[Lagos]] e nder suudu sarɗiiji fedde nde. E hitaande 1951, o wonti hooreejo luulndo laamu [[Obafemi Awolowo]] to suudu sarɗiiji diiwaan hirnaange. Azikiwe suɓaaka e nder batu ngenndi, waɗii jiiɓru e nder hirnaange.{{sfn|Olusanya|1964|p=303}} Nanondiral hakkunde terɗe NCNC cuɓaaɗe ummoriiɗe [[Lagos]] ngam woppude Azikiwe so tawii o suɓaaka, yanii. Azikiwe tuumi doosgal leydi, o yiɗi ko waylooji mbaɗee. NCNC (mo jiimi e Diiwaan Fuɗnaange) jaɓi, e ƴettude peeje ngam waylude doosɗe leydi.{{sfn|Olusanya|1964|pp=303–305}} Azikiwe ummiima to Diiwaan Fuɗnaange e hitaande 1952<ref name="pulse.ng">{{Cite news|title=A brief walk into the life of Nigeria's first president|url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/nnamdi-azikiwe-a-brief-walk-into-the-life-of-nigerias-first-president/5e2yhtv|date=2017-09-20|newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]]|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Nnamdi Azikiwe and the vision of a united Africa -II|url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/magazine/politicalreforms/Nnamdi-Azikiwe-and-the-vision-of-a-united-Africa--II/1843776-5126270-hfst7u/index.html|website=The Citizen|language=en|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> e batu diiwaan mo NCNC ɓuri heewde oo waɗi eɓɓooje ngam jaɓɓaade mo. Hay so tawii jaagorɗe diiwaan e hakkundeeje lannda kaa ɗaɓɓiraama yo njokku laamu e nder mbayliigu kabine, ko ɓuri heewde e maɓɓe njaɓaani ɗaɓɓaande ndee.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Political Public and Difference: The Case of Nigeria|url=https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/12875/1/nq41018.pdf|last=Ejobowah|first=John Boye|date=1999|website=tspace.library.utoronto.ca|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> Ndeen asaambele diiwaan oo waɗii woote ngam waasde hoolaade jaagorɗe ɗee, kadi kuule appropriation neldaaɗe to ministeer oo njaɓaaka.<ref name="DR. BENJAMIN NNAMDI AZIKIWE2">{{Cite web|title=Dr. Benjamin Nnamdi Azikiwe|url=https://ilanssenyange.wixsite.com/ilannews/single-post/2017/11/10/DR-BENJAMIN-NNAMDI-AZIKIWE|website=ilannews|date=10 November 2017|language=en|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> Ɗum addani diiwaan hee ŋakkere, lietnaa-guwerneer oo fusi galle diiwaan oo. Woote kese ngartiri Azikiwe e wonde tergal Asammbele Fuɗnaange. O suɓaama hooreejo lesdi [[Naajeeriya]], nden o laati hooreejo lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] nder hitaande 1954 nde ɗum warti kawtal lesdi [[Naajeeriya]]. == Premier diiwaan Fuɗnaange == Azikiwe wonti hooreejo leydi diiwaan Fuɗnaange e hitaande 1954 caggal nde doosgal kesal waɗtaa e golle. Komisiyoŋ faggudu diiwaan Fuɗnaange Azikiwe gollondirii e Orop e [[Amerik]] worgo ngam wallitde ƴellitaare e nder diiwaan hee, e nder njulaagu, e nder njulaagu nebam leɗɗe, e nder njamndi e kemikal e nder diiwaan hee. O mahii sosiyetee semmbe Nijeer lolluɗo to Nkalagu e nder diiwaan [[Ebonyi, Ebonyi State|Ebonyi]] hannde oo, o fuɗɗii golle ñalnde 1 [[lewru]] Yarkomaa hitaande 1955. O mahii gaas Nijeer. O sosi kadi sosiyetee gadano e nder leydi Nijeer, biyeteeɗo Niger Steel. O sosi banke ɓiɓɓe lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] arandeejo, Banke [[Afrik]] (ACB). Ummingo ACB waɗi ngomnati Hirnaange lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] sosde Banki lesdi [[Naajeeriya]], ngomnati woylaare lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] darni banki woylaare. ACB ina waɗi nafoore e feeñde e fedde njulaagu mawnde to Fuɗnaange gila e kitaale 1950. Banki oo kadi waɗii geɗe keewɗe e ƴellitaare gonnooɗo Biafrannaaɓe e darnugol hareeji e hitaande 1970. O sosi porogaraam jaŋde baawɗo rokkude leydi [[Naajeeriya]] wontude leydi ɓurndi yaajde e yeeyde jaŋde caggal leydi e nder [[Afrik]]. Azikiwe sosi fedde ƴellitaare fuɗnaange [[Naajeeriya]], nde waɗii darnde mawnde e mahngo duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde [[Naajeeriya]] to [[Nsukka]], duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde gadanal e nder leydi ndi, ngal timmungal, e hitaande 1960. Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde [[Naajeeriya]] sosaa ko ñalnde 18 [[lewru]] Mbooy hitaande 1955, caggal nde sariya ngam sosde duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde ngal e les njiimaandi Inter- Council Jaŋde e caggal leydi e njuɓɓudi gollondiral hakkunde leyɗeele (jooni USAID), J.W. Cook (VC mo Duɗal Jaaɓihaaɗtirde Exeter), Dr John A. Hannah (Hooreejo Duɗal Jaaɓihaaɗtirde Michigan State), e Dr Glen L. Taggart, Deenoowo Porogaraamuuji hakkunde leyɗeele (MSU), ngarii e leydi Nijeer e hitaande 1958. Goomu nguu ƴeewtindiima nokku oo to [[Nsukka]], e wiɗtude no feewi geɗe keewɗe ceertuɗe jowitiiɗe e sosde duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde kesal. [[File:Nnamdi Azikiwe with P. L. Prattis, Earl Hord, Beverly Carter, and Bill Nunn Sr. seated on right, in Press Club, Pittsbu.jpg|thumb|Nnamdi Azikiwe e P. L. Prattis, Earl Hord, Beverli Karter, e Bill Nunn mawɗo ina njooɗii bannge ñaamo, e nder suudu jaayndeeji, to Pittsbu]] Hayre nden waɗaama wakkati juulde jeytaare lesdi [[Naajeeriya]], nde laamiiɗo debbo Alexandra mo Kent, laamiiɗo debbo [[Elizabeth II]], wadi ɗum. Kalaasuuji puɗɗii ko ñalnde 17 oktoobar 1960 e binnditagol 220 almuudo e 13 tergal gollordu jaŋde. Nde laati Jaami'aare arandeere nder [[Naajeeriya]], jaami'aare arandeere nde laamu lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] sosi, nden nder hitaande 1963, jaami'aare arandeere hokkata dipolomaaji lesdi [[Naajeeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.unn.edu.ng/mission-vision-statement/|title=About Us|website=University Of Nigeria Nsukka}}</ref> E hitaande 1957, Azikiwe haaliino e nulaaɓe Angalteer e [[Naajeeriya]] e nder batu Lancaster House e hitaande 1957, ɗo doosɗe fedde nde ngam [[Naajeeriya]] jeytaare mum feewnaa. Joɗnde nde ko gardiiɗo jaagorɗe leydi Biritaan ardii, waɗii won e nulaaɓe leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]]. Ardii dental ngal ko [[Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]] mo kawtal yimɓe woylaare, Obafemi Awolowo mo fedde ''Action'', Eyo Ita mo lannda ngenndiijo jeytaare e Ahmadu Bello mo kawtal yimɓe woylaare. Ñalnde 3 feebariyee 1959, Azikiwe jaɓɓiima Kwame Nkrumah (gardiiɗo jaagorɗe leydi [[Gana]] keso toɗɗaaɗo) njillu to fuɗnaange leydi Nijeer. O yilli suudu joonde diiwaan fuɗnaange e wondude e wondiiɓe makko, Hon. Jaagorgal ko feewti e geɗe caggal leydi, hono Kodjo Botsio e wasiyaaji ko feewti e geɗe Afrik, hono George Padmore. Nnamdi Azikiwe huutoriima ñalngu nguu, to suudu sarɗiiji fuɗnaange, ngam waɗde konngol teddinoowo gardiiɗo jaagorɗe leydi ndi hono Nkrumah, o siftini no Kwame dartiniri golle [[Afrik]]. [[File:Ahmadu Bello with Nnamdi Azikiwe.png|thumb|Ahmadu Bello e Nnamdi Azikiwe.]] Ñalnde 1 oktoobar 1959, Azikiwe lomtii Michael Okpara, gardiiɗo diiwaan fuɗnaange. Ñalnde 28 oktoobar 1959, guwerneer seneraal Robertson habrii fusde suudu sarɗiiji leydi ndii, tawi ina waɗi 184 tergal, tuggi 1 noowammbar 1959, mbele woote jeytaare ina mbaɗee. Ñalnde 12 desaambar 1959, woote parlemaa mbaɗaama to Nijeer ngam ƴamde 312 jooɗorde e nder suudu sarɗiiji. Diɗɗal lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] e [[Kamerun]] (NCNC) ngal Azikiwe woni arandeere nden heɓi 2,594,577 woote e 89 jooɗorde. Fedde Awolowo (AG), woni 2ɓo e 1 992, 364 woote e 75 jooɗorde. Kongres yimɓe woylaare lesdi Tafawa Balewa (NPC) woni 3ɓo e 1 922 179 e 148 e nder 312 jooɗorde nder suudu sarɗiiji. Lanndaaji tati mawɗi ɗi e nder woote ɗee mbaawaano heɓde jooɗorɗe keewɗe ngam sosde laamu. Guverneur général Robertson noddi Tafawa Balewa yo o dañ laamu ngu. Ñalnde 16 desaambar, [[Ahmadu Bello]] e Tafawa Balewa etinooma yettaade nanondiral ngam waawde jogaade laamu nguu hakkunde NPC e NCNC. ''Governor General'' humpitaama e kawral ngal, ko ɗum waɗi o jaɓi kabine sappo e jeegom mo Balewa suɓii.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41853826|jstor=41853826|title=Federal Elections in Nigeria, 1959|last1=Awa|first1=E. O.|journal=The Indian Journal of Political Science|date=12 April 1960|volume=21|issue=2|pages=101–113}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Burns|first=Alan|date=January 1, 1964|title=The Nigerian Federal Election of 1959|url=https://academic.oup.com/afraf/article-abstract/63/250/80/31923|access-date=2024-08-18|journal=African Affairs|volume=63|issue=250|pages=80–81|doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a095185|url-access=subscription}}</ref> [[File:Flag of Nigeria (1952–1960).svg|thumb|Banndiraawo lesdi lesdi Naajeeriya (1914-1960)]] [[File:Flag of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Banndiraawo kesum lesdi Naajeeriya, mo Michael Akinwunmi waɗi (1960)]] == Ndimaagu leydi Naajeeriya == Ñalnde 29 lewru juko hitaande 1960, parlemaa leydi Biritaan ƴetti kuulal jeytaare leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]], hitaande 1960, ngal hokki ndimaagu leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]]. Jamma 30 suwee 1960, laana ndiwoowa ''British Union Jack'' jippinaa e kewu mawningol, tawi tedduɓe tawtoraama. Ñalnde 3 oktoobar 1960, laamɗo debbo biyeteeɗo Alexandra lomtotooɗo laamɗo debbo oo, udditi Parlemaa gadano leydi ndii. Doosgal kesal, sosngal njuɓɓudi fedde nde gardiiɗo jaagorɗe cuɓaaɗo e hooreejo leydi kewu sosaa. Laamu kawtal NCNC e NPC woni laamu nde [[Naajeeriya]] heɓi ndimu mum e hitaande 1960, ''Sir'' [[Tafawa Balewa]] woni hooreejo leydi ndi, Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe woni hooreejo Senaa. Ɓooytaani, Azikiwe lomtii Sir James Robertson, wonti Guwerneer Seneraal gadano e nder leydi ndii. Kono e nder doosɗe leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]], guwerneer jeneral ko hooreejo leydi tan. Darnde Guwerneer-General e terɗe Diisnondiral Laamɗo debbo, mbaɗti Azikiwe dow politik lannda. Kabinee hooreejo lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] arandeere Tafawa Balewa hawti bee; M Johnson, Bukar Dipcharima, Ayo Rosiji, Aja Wachukwu, Kolawole Balogun, e Victor Mukete (Kamerun), Samuel Akintola, Raymond Njoku, Alhaji Ribadu, Kingsley O. Mbadiwe, Festus Okotie-Eboh, e Allaji Inua Wada.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britishpathe.com/asset/209288/|title=NIGERIA: PRIME MINISTER SIR ABUBAKAR TAFAWA BALEWA AND OTHER CABINET MINISTERS SWORN-IN BY PRESIDENT AZIKIWE|website=British Pathé}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://uca.edu/politicalscience/home/research-projects/dadm-project/sub-saharan-africa-region/nigeria-1960-present/|title=33. Nigeria (1960-present)|website=uca.edu}}</ref> Sir Tafawa Balewa waɗii konngol mum to nokku biyeteeɗo ''Race Course'' (hannde ko nokku Tafawa Balewa) to [[Lagos]] e nder ñalɗi jeytaare leydi ndii. E nder konngol makko o wiyi, "Kewu hannde oo ko ñalngu nguu, ko ñalngu nguu fuɗɗii duuɓi sappo e joyi jooni, ngu yettiima ɗo haaɗi. Ko e manngu laaɓtungu, min mbiyata ko keɓgol Jeytaare men ngol alaa ko nanndi e mum e nder annals daartol. Kala taƴre men nde ina waɗi planfuncelly e dow doosgal men e kaaldigal udditiingal, wonaa tan hakkunde wakili’en denndaangal nafooje ceertuɗe e nder leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] kono ko e ballondiral e laamu njuɓɓudi ndi hannde woppi laamu mum."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/1960-sir-abubakar-tafawa-balewa-independence-day/|title=(1960) Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, "Independence Day" •|date=20 August 2009}}</ref> == Gomnajo lesdi Naajeeriya == Nde ngon-mi suka mi yi’i gite: gite [[Naajeeriya]] wonta leydi mawndi e nder duunde [[Afrik]] ummotoonde; ''visions of Nigeria'' hokkata ndimu haa ɓe nder maccungaaku, e heɓugo laawol demokaraasi ngam ɓe ɗonno lulla nder ''illusion of security'' les laamu koloñaal..Miɗo hooli mi hoyɗan koyɗi am nder jam e ɓeydaari cemmbiɗinki yimɓe leydi am [[Naajeeriya]]. Motto fedde jeytaare leydi [[Naajeeriya]] woni Kawtal e Nuɗɗinki. Miɗo ñaagii nde ndeenten ngootaagu men, ndeentoo goonɗinal ''men''. — Nnamdi Azikiwe (duuɓi 1960, Londres) Azikiwe ko gardiiɗo jaagorɗe leydi Angalteer, hono Harold Macmillan, wasiyii mo yo lomto ''Sir'' [[James Robertson]], e nder njillu makko to [[Lagos]] e fuɗɗoode hitaande 1960. Joɗnde Guwerneer-Jeneral fedde nde e nder haala tiitoonde, waɗi mo wakiliijo laamɗo leydi Angalteer to leydi Nijeer. Udditgol Azikiwe e lewru noowammbar 1960, seedtiima yoga e gollodiiɓe makko e nder Atlantik ɓaleejo, won heen ko [[Martin Luther King Jr]]. Du Bois, Sirli Graham Du Bois, Ami Jak Garvey, e Joorji S. Suyler.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://dx.doi.org/10.14321/jwestafrihist.7.1.0001|doi=10.14321/jwestafrihist.7.1.0001|title=A Gilded Cage? Nnamdi Azikiwes Pan-Africanism as Governor-General of Nigeria, 1960–63|date=2021|last1=Reeves|first1=Mark|journal=Journal of West African History|volume=7|pages=1–26|s2cid=242294844|url-access=subscription}}</ref>Martin Luther King Jr. hollitii wonde hareeji ndimaagu e nder leydi Nijeer e nder leyɗeele [[Afrik]] goɗɗe ina njogii batte keewɗe e dille jojjanɗe aadee [[Amerik]], o siftini wonde Azikiwe e ardiiɓe [[Afrik]] woɗɓe ko "jaambaarooji ɓurɗi lollude e ko ɓuri heewde e duɗe jaaɓi haaɗtirde ''Negro'' en aduna o." Haa timminorde haala maako, Zik wi'i, "min, ɓe mbaawata siftoreede no haanirta nii, min mbaɗi [[Naajeeriya]] hannde, ɓe ngaddi ndimu nder leydi men, ɓe ndewi kawtal men bana lenyol", ko "taariiha hokki yam geɓe mawɗe ngam mi heɓa batte duumotooɗe e ngam wadduki haaje yimɓe men." O wiyi kadi "mi jogaaki miijo e wellitaare am walla hay kisal walla hay nguurndam e hoore mum, so tawii ko ɗeen ngoni coggu ngu pot-mi yoɓde ngam ardaade ngam hisnude ndimaagu e ngootaagu leydi am."<ref>{{Cite web|title=Azikiwe, Nnamdi. Respect for human dignity: an inaugural address by His Excellency Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe, P.C. Governor-General nd Commander-in Chief, Federation of Nigeria 16 November, 1960. Onitsha : Chike Mbadugha, 1960.|url=https://collections.libraries.indiana.edu/africancollections/items/show/8901|access-date=2023-12-13|website=collections.libraries.indiana.edu}}</ref> Azikiwe tawtoraama batu diiwaan [[Afrik]] gadano Fedde Adunaare Golle (OIT), ngu yuɓɓinaa to [[Lagos]], leydi Nijeer e [[lewru]] Duujal 1960. Tawtoraama heen: Mr. Johnson, jaagorgal golle leydi Nijeer e hooreejo batu nguu, Mr. Demby, jaagorgal golle leydi Siyeraa Leyoon, e David Director A-G19,[ ILO.19].<ref>{{Cite web|title=PowerPoint Presentation|url=https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---africa/---ro-abidjan/---ilo-abuja/documents/publication/wcms_701393.pdf|access-date=August 18, 2024|website=www.ilo.org}}</ref> E lewru desaambar 1961 Fedde [[Amerik|Ameriknaare]] Pinal [[Afrik]] (AMSAC) yuɓɓinii ñalngu mawngu e nder wuro [[Lagos]], to leydi Nijeer. Yimɓe Ameriknaaɓe mawɓe ko wayi no Nina Simone, Langston Hughes, e Lionel Hampton njahii e yahdu AMSAC timmundu ngam semmbinde jokkondiral hakkunde [[Afrik|Afriknaaɓe]] e [[Amerik|Ameriknaaɓe]]/[[Afrik|Afriknaaɓe]]. Ɓe njaɓɓaama e Azikiwe to [[Lagos]].<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14794012.2018.1423601|doi=10.1080/14794012.2018.1423601|title=Performances in the theatre of the Cold War: The American Society of African Culture and the 1961 Lagos Festival|date=2018|last1=Geerlings|first1=Lonneke|journal=Journal of Transatlantic Studies|volume=16|pages=1–19}}</ref> [[File:Dr. John A. Hannah, Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe and Dr. George Johnson on the campus of the University of Nigeria, Nsukka.jpg|thumb|Azikiwe e Doktoor John A. Hannah (naamo) e Doktoor George Johnson (nyaamo) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde leydi Nijeer, hitaande 1961]] Ñalnde 17 noowammbar 1961, e nder konngol makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] to [[Nsukka]], Zik hollitii eɓɓaande mum ngam [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] ƴettude doosgal leydi republique tawa ina heddii e tergal ''Commonwealth''. E hitaande 1962, Azikiwe eeriima ardiiɓe [[Afrik]] e nder batu [[Lagos]], yo cos fedde dowlaaji [[Afrik]]. Koolol [[Lagos]] ngol winnditii sarɗiiji eɓɓaaɗi ngam "Fedde hakkunde [[Afrik]] e Malagasi" e gardagol Azikiwe. Caggal ɗuum, nde jaɓaa e lewru mee 1963 e Fedde Ngootaagu Afrik.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/azikiwe-nnamdi|title=Azikiwe, Nnamdi &#124; The Martin Luther King Jr. Research and Education Institute|website=kinginstitute.stanford.edu}}</ref> E hitaande 1963, Azikiwe yamiri gollorde gadane nde Guinness mahi caggal leydi Irlannda e Angalteer to [[Lagos]] [[File:Seal of the President of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Siile hooreejo leydi Naajeeriya]] [[File:Azikiwe swearing Balewa as prime minister, 1960.jpg|thumb|Hooreejo leydi Azikiwe ina waɗa hunnde gardiiɗo jaagorɗe e jaagorɗe kabine, hitaande 1964]] == Hooreejo leydi (1963-1966) == Leydi [[Naajeeriya]] sosaa ko ñalnde 1 oktoobar 1963, [[Abubakar Tafawa balewa|Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]] woni gardiiɗo jaagorɗe (hooreejo laamu) e Benjamin Nnamdi Azikiwe woni hooreejo (hooreejo leydi) e hooreejo konu. Gardiiɗo jaagorɗe leydi ndi hono Tafawa Balewa hollitii waylude doosgal leydi ndi 1960 ngam waylude Azikiwe e wonde Guwerneer Jeneral, e waylude tiitoonde makko e wonde hooreejo leydi kewu. Balewa hollitii wonde Azikiwe ina foti innireede hooreejo leydi e nder doosɗe leydi 1963 sabu leydi [[Naajeeriya]] meeɗaani yoɓde Dr. Ko zuum wazi, kuulal 157 doosgal leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] 1963, tiitoonde mum ko Nnamdi Azikiwe ngam wonde hooreejo leydi, ina winndaa heen "Nnamdi Azikiwe ina foti wonde hooreejo leydi e ñalngu ngu doosgal leydi ndi fuzzii."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/king-papers/documents/nnamdi-azikiwe|title=From Nnamdi Azikiwe &#124; The Martin Luther King Jr. Research and Education Institute|website=kinginstitute.stanford.edu}}</ref><ref>''Nigeria's Forgotten Heroes: Nnamdi Azikiwe – "Father of the Nation"'' (Part 2).</ref> Ñalnde 30 lewru Duujal hitaande 1964, wooteeji feddeeji gadani e nder leydi Nijeer gila nde heɓi jeytaare mum. Woote ɗee njoofiima jonte keewɗe sabu luural hakkunde limoore inɗe gonɗe e doggol wooteeji ɗii e doggol binnditagol ngol. Lebbi jeegom caggal wooteeji ɗii, fotde 2 000 neɗɗo maayi e fitinaaji baɗnooɗi e nder diiwaan hirnaange.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/3510208|title=1964 federal election crisis-: An analysis|date=13 April 1965|publisher=Etudo}}</ref> === 1964 kiris e kuudetaa === ''Nigerian Daily Express'' wi'i nyande 3 mars 1964, "Haa heɓugo ndimu lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] nder hitaande 1960, eɓɓoore amin arandeere ngam anndugo ɗuuɗal yimɓe lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] laati kuugal limngal yimɓe lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] nder hitaande 1962. Hooreejo komitiiru limngal lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] wakkati man woni J. J. Warren. Njeñtudi limngal yimɓe lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] ko ɓuri miliyon ha Gardiiɗo jaagorɗe leydi ndii, [[Abubakar Tafawa balewa|Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]] salii njeñtudi ndi o woppi Mr. Warren, o yamiri yo o riiwtu e hitaande 1963.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ojo|first=Emmanuel Oladipo|date=10 February 2012|title=Leadership Crisis and Political Instability in Nigeria, 1964-1966: The Personalities, the Parties and the Policies|url=https://nairametrics.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/LEADERSHIP-CRISIS-AND-POLITICAL-INSTABILITY-IN-NIG.pdf|access-date=18 August 2024|website=Naira Metrics}}</ref><ref name="Samuel-2012">{{cite web|url=https://www.academia.edu/2104947|title=Leadership Crisis and Political Instability in Nigeria, 1964-1966: The Personalities, the Parties and the Policies|date=January 2012|last1=Samuel|first1=Babatope}}</ref> Caggal nde o waɗi manipulaasiyoŋ, njeñtudi binnditagol ngol hollitii wonde Fuɗnaange ina les limtaa e miliyoŋaaji 8,5 e nder hitaande 1962 gardiiɗo jaagorɗe leydi ndii ɓeydii dow limoore ndee haa 65,66 miliyoŋ woote fedde ndee e lewru desaambar 1964 ngaddi caɗeele mawɗe, ruppitii laamu kawral NPC e NCNC. Wooteeji ɗii mbaɗii boykotuuji keewɗi, njulaagu, hulɓinaare, njulaagu e fitinaaji ɗi Azikiwe waɗi haa o salii noddude gardiiɗo jaagorɗe leydi ndii hono Balewa ngam sosde laamu kesu. Balɗe seeɗa, jokkere enɗam apokaliptik ina jokki e dow leydi ndii haa nde Azikiwe ƴetti konngol e dow doosɗe leydi ndii.<ref name="Samuel-20122">{{cite web|url=https://www.academia.edu/2104947|title=Leadership Crisis and Political Instability in Nigeria, 1964-1966: The Personalities, the Parties and the Policies|date=January 2012|last1=Samuel|first1=Babatope}}</ref> [[File:Mrs. Flora Azikiwe (First Lady Federal Republic of Nigeria 1960 - 1966).jpg|thumb|Mrs Flora Azikiwe (Laamɗo leydi Naajeeriya 1960 - 1966)]] == Nguurndam neɗɗo == Azikiwe resi debbo mum gadano biyeteeɗo Flora Azikiwe ñalnde 4 abriil 1936 to Akra, to Cote d’Or nde o woni gardiiɗo jaaynde [[Afrik]] subaka. Ɓe ndañi ɓiɓɓe nayo, ɓiɗɗo debbo gooto e ɓiɓɓe worɓe tato. E hitaande 1973 Azikiwe resi debbo mum ɗiɗaɓo Uche Azikiwe nde o yahrata e duuɓi 26. Ɓe ndañi ɓiɓɓe ɗiɗo. [[File:Gen. Yakubu Gowon GCFR.jpg|thumb|'''Gen.'''Yakubu Gowon]] == Posto hooreejo leydi e duuɓi cakkitiiɗi == [[File:Major Gen. J.T.U. Aguiyi Ironsi.jpg|thumb]] Laamu leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] momti diiwanuuji feddeeji nay ɗii ñalnde 24 lewru mbooy hitaande 1966. Won e leƴƴi fuɗnaange fotde 115 neɗɗo mbaraama e nder fitinaaji politik ñalnde 28 lewru mbooy-2 lewru juko hitaande 1966 ñalnde 29 sulyee 1966. Fotde 30 neɗɗo mbaraama e hareeji politik to Lagos ñalnde 29 sulyee-1 ut 1966, fotde 250 000 leñol fuɗnaange ndogi ummoraade e diiwaan Fuɗnaange fayde e diiwaan fuɗnaange caggal kuudetaa konu. Lietnaa Kolonel [[Yakubu Gowon]] huniima wonde hooreejo laamu konu fedde nde caggal kuudetaa konu, o artiri diiwanuuji fedde ndee nay ñalnde 31 ut 1966. Fotde 2 000 leñol Igbos mbaraama e nder fitinaaji politik e nder diiwaan Fuɗnaange to4ctober L69 [[Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu]], guwerneer konu diiwal fuɗnaange leydi Naajeeriya, anndinii dow diiwal ngal natti jaɓugo Gowon bana hooreejo laamu konu lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] nyande 2 mars 1967. Lietnaa Kolonel Gowon hoosi bawɗe timmuɗe bana komandaajo mawdo laamu e hooreejo laamu militaari7 ngam ardungal 1967. Gowon anndini laamu nguu ñalnde 28 lewru Mbooy hitaande 1967. Ojukwu bayyini jeytaare leydi Biafra to fuɗnaange leydi Nijeer ñalnde 30 lewru Mbooy hitaande 1967 caggal nde laamu fedde ndee teddinaani nanondiral Aburi.<ref name="Jimoh-2021">{{Cite web|last=Jimoh|first=Dauda Ishola|date=July 2021|title=The Action Group Crisis, 1962-1966, Implications for the First Republic|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353283996|access-date=August 18, 2024|website=Researchgate}}</ref> <ref name="Jimoh-20212">{{Cite web|last=Jimoh|first=Dauda Ishola|date=July 2021|title=The Action Group Crisis, 1962-1966, Implications for the First Republic|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353283996|access-date=August 18, 2024|website=Researchgate}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40199517|jstor=40199517|title=Brinkmanship in Nigeria: The Federal Elections of 1964-65|last1=Anglin|first1=Douglas G.|journal=International Journal|date=2 April 1965|volume=20|issue=2|pages=173–188}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=download|url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/6598525.pdf|website=core.ac.uk}}</ref><ref name="Omotola">{{Cite web|last=Omotola|first=Balogun|date=2017-12-11|title=Biography of Dr. Benjamin Nnamdi Azikiwe|url=https://diamondboatconsult.wordpress.com/2017/12/11/biography-of-dr-benjamin-nnamdi-azikiwe/|access-date=2020-05-30|website=Diamond Boat Consult|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Times2">{{cite news |date=14 May 1996|title=Nnamdi Azikiwe, the First President of Nigeria, Dies at 91|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/05/14/world/nnamdi-azikiwe-the-first-president-of-nigeria-dies-at-91.html|access-date=8 November 2018|last1=French|first1=Howard W.|work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref>. Azikiwe e fuɗɗoode ina wallitnoo Biafra e anndinde ɗum e nder winndere ndee. O huutoriima doole makko politik ngam ardaade delegaasiyoŋ Biafra caggal leydi ngam jaɓde dowla jeytaare. E hitaande 1968, nde o yiyi batte hare ndee, o ñaagii Ojukwu nde o joofnata kaaldigal e Gowon, tawi o dañaani heen nafoore. Azikiwe woɗɗitii politik caggal wolde. O woniino hooreejo duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Lagos]] tuggi 1972 haa 1976. Jokkugol laamu konu e rokkude laamu laamu demokaraasi e hitaande 1979 rokki Azikiwe fartaŋŋe wartaade politik. O naati nder lanyol yimɓe lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] nder hitaande 1978, o waɗi ɗaɓɓaande ardiiɗo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] nde o heɓi nasaraaku nder hitaande 1979 e hitaande 1983. O acci siyaasaaku haa abada ɓaawo kuudetaa konu nder hitaande 1983 nde [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ardii === Duuɓi cakkitiiɗi === Fitinaaji meeɗaay wonde kuutorgal ngal min kuutortoo, minen sosɓe leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]], ngam safrude caɗeele politik. E nder aadaaji Angalteer, min kaaldii e Biro Koloñaal ngam jaɓde caɗeele amen ngam ŋakkeende e moƴƴere haala amen ngam laamu hoore mum. Caggal batuuji jeegom doosɗe leydi e hitaande 1953, 1954, 1957, 1958, 1959, e 1960, Angalteer rokkii en hakke ngam tabitinde jeytaare men politik gila 1 oktoobar 1960. Hay gooto e lanndaaji politik leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] ɗi meeɗaani ƴettude jeytaare men politik e men happy violed to en meeɗaani jaɓde jeytaare men politik wonde hay toɓɓere ƴiiƴam Angalteer walla [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] rufaaka e nder hare men ngenndiire ngam nokku men e naange. Ndee ɗoo hujja daartol addani mi wiyde e yeeso yimɓe fof e nder leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] wonde laamu nguu rokkii en laamu hoore mum e dow lowre kaŋŋe. Ko goonga, yonta am ina cemmbina mi, kono geɗe daartol ɗee ko ɗe njiyataa. Miɗo sikki ko ɓuri mettude ko ‘Sukaaɓe Turki’ men pellitii naatnude elemen mbayliigu bonngu e nder politik leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]]. No ɓe e renndo men fof mbaawirta ustude politikaaji tiiɗɗi, ma a taw nannguɗi, ko politik mo alaa hakkille. Mi jokki bee Seneraal [[Aguiyi-Ironsi]], Ofiisaajo Seneraal Ardiido sooja'en lesdi [[Naajeeriya]], mo mi faami, jooni o hoosi kuuɗe laamu lesdi [[Naajeeriya]]. Miɗo sakka golle am ngam kala udditgol jam ngam haɗde ƴiiƴam ɓeydaade, ngam weltinde ofiseeji muusɗi ɗii, e artirde sariya e deeƴre. So mi nanii haala makko tan, mi waɗa peeje ngam hootde galle. Ko fayti e am, miɗo jogori warde ardiiɓe men politik e konu ko musiiba ngenndiijo. — Jaabawol hooreejo leydi Nnamdi Azikiwe e kuudetaa konu gadano, hitaande 1966. Ñalnde 8 noowammbar 1989, jaayɗe ciifi e fenaande wonde Azikiwe maayii, sabu naamne jaayndiyanke BBC jowitiiɗe e ngonka makko. O artiri o wiyi "mi yaawaani yaltude oo aduna, sabu ko kañum tan woni tagofeere nde nganndu-mi." E hitaande 1991, Azikiwe yahiino e udditgol nokku Nnamdi Azikiwe to [[Zungeru]], nokku ɗo o jibinaa ɗoo, e juuɗe hooreejo leydi [[Ibraahiima Babangida]]. E nder ndunngu 1995, o rokki yeewtere to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Lincoln, Pennsylvania e gardiiɗo jokkondiral hakkunde yimɓe duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ngal. Azikiwe maayi haa ñalnde 11 lewru Mbooy hitaande 1996, to opitaal janngirde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Naajeeriya]] to [[Enugu]] caggal nde o rafi ko juuti. O yahrata ko e duuɓi 91. Azikiwe rokkaama wirwirnde dowla e laamu [[Sani Abacha]], caggal fotde jonte ɗiɗi kewuuji ngenndiiji. Ɓanndu makko nawaama e gure keewɗe teeŋtuɗe e nder leydi ndi ngam sunaare e teddungal. O wirnaa e wuro makko [[Onitsha]] ñalnde 16 noowammbar 1996, ñalnde wonnde ñalngu ngu o heɓi duuɓi 92. E maayde Azikiwe, jaaynde wiyeteende New York ''Times'' teskiima, "O toowii dow geɗe ngenndi ɓurndi heewde yimɓe e nder [[Afrik]], o heɓi darnde jaambaaro ngenndiijo goonga, garɗo teddineede e nder diiwaanuuji e leƴƴi ceertuɗi leydi makko." E hitaande 2019, laamu hooreejo leydi [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ƴettii golle timminde suudu ndu Dr Nnamdi Azikiwe, ndu anndinaama ndu nokkuure nden. == Innde e ndonu daartol == E nder teeminannde 19ɓiire, ƴaañgal [[Afrik]] seediima laamuuji Orop ina peccii [[Afrik]], ina kuutoroo jawdi aadee e tago. Ƴellitaare miijo politik [[Afrik]] feeñi ko e anniya yiylaade eɓɓoore miijo jaɓgol hoore mum e ngenndiyaŋkaagal pinal cemmbinngal. Ina jeyaa e daraniiɓe ''Pan'' [[Afrik]], Nnamdi Azikiwe, Pilot ndimaagu leydi Nijeer. Nokku Azikiwe nder cosmology [[Naajeeriya]] ɗon yaaji haa darnde maako nde o jogi. O rokki ngenndiyaŋkaagal e hare jeytaare maanaa keso. Zik, e oon sahaa to duɗal Hope Waddel, ina anndi miijooji Marcus Garvey ko fayti e ''Pan''-[[Afrik]], teeŋtinoowo doole [[Afrik|Afriknaaɓe]], e rimɗinde [[Afrik]] e juuɗe Afriknaaɓe. Ɗum addani Zik naamnaade laawɗingol koloñaal e nder [[Afrik]], tee ina jeyaa e ko Garvey wiyi ngam rimɗinde Afrik e laamuuji koloñaal. E wakkati nde [[Naajeeriya]] woni haa jooni mooɓre diiwalji feere-feere, anndalji e dente nokkuuje, Zik fuɗɗi ƴamɗe ngam heɓugo ndimu [[Naajeeriya]] e ngam sosde senngooji ɗi ngalaa lenyol, ɗi ngalaa leƴƴi ngam yidde lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] e yidde lesdi maɓɓe.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/05/14/world/nnamdi-azikiwe-the-first-president-of-nigeria-dies-at-91.html|title=Nnamdi Azikiwe, the First President of Nigeria, Dies at 91|work=The New York Times|date=14 May 1996|last1=French|first1=Howard W.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c5wuAQAAIAAJ&q=azikiwe+legacy|title=Nnamdi Azikiwe: The Philosopher of Our Time|isbn=978-978-156-001-9|last1=Igwe|first1=Agbafor|year=1992|publisher=Fourth Dimension Publishing Company}}</ref> Azikiwe yahiino to [[Amerik]] ɗo o janngi e jannginde e nder duɗe jaaɓi haaɗtirde ceertuɗe to Fuɗnaange, o yi’i weeyo ngo njiyaagu e ƴellitaare `Negro' radikal. O heɓi kadi ballal e hooreejo leydi [[Amerik]] e teeminannde 19ɓiire, hono James A Garfield, e dow huɗo ngam weltinde njiimaandi politik. Nde o arti e [[Afrik]] worgo, ko ɓuri teeŋtude e ngoƴa makko, ko ɗum waɗi, wonaa hare leydi, ngenndiyaŋkoore, kono ko hare winndereyankoore, winndereyankoore ngam leñol ɓaleejo. Ko o gardiiɗo jaaynde ''African Morning Post to Accra'', tuggi 1935 haa 1937, Azikiwe heɓi ɗoon e ɗoon innde sabu jaayndeyaagal makko toowngal `''American style''<nowiki/>' e ñiŋde cuusal makko e njuɓɓudi koloñaal, e ardiiɓe koloñaal kam e ardiiɓe [[Afrik]] nokkuuji ɗii. Semmbe makko ina yaaji e nder leyɗeele koloñaal Biritaan en fof, ko kanko woni doole guurɗe won e ardiiɓe [[Afrik]] hono Kwame Nkrumah, Julius Nyerere, Dauda Jawara, Kenneth Kaunda e Milton Obote e woɗɓe.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://sunnewsonline.com/national-shame-ziks-tomb-uncompleted-22-years-after/?amp|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=National shame: Zik's tomb still uncompleted 22 years after|date=27 June 2018|newspaper=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|The Sun]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=30 October 2014|title=Victor Umeh weeps at Zik's Grave|url=http://sunnewsonline.com/new/?p=88534|location=Lagos, Nigeria|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150105231857/http://sunnewsonline.com/new/?p=88534|archive-date=5 January 2015|df=dmy-all|newspaper=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|The Sun]]}}</ref> Jaayndeyaagal Azikiwe kaɓanngal e ƴattooje ko kañum woni sabaabu ɓurɗo teeŋtude e darnde makko e doole makko, kadi ko kañum woni sabaabu ɓurɗo teeŋtude e ummital [[Naajeeriya]]. Azikiwe sosi fedde jaayndeyaagal wiyeteende Zik ''Group'', nde o sosi e nde o yuɓɓini ''Pilot West African'', nde o inniri « kaayitaaji ngenndiyaŋkooji ñaamooɓe yiite, doolnuɗi, ɓurɗi toowde ». E les njiimaandi Zik Group o wayli golle jaayɗe [[Afrik]] hirnaange, o hollitii wonde jaayndeyaagal e ɗemngal Engele ina waawi dañde nafoore, o yaajtini nafoore makko e jogaade ko ina tolnoo e jaayɗe 12 ñalnde kala, ɗe [[Afrik|Afriknaaɓe]] njiylotoo. ''Pilot'' [[Afrik]] hirnaange mawni no feewi gila e doggol adanngol ngol 6 000 ekkol ñalnde kala, haa e doggol ko ina ɓura 20 000 ekkol e tolno mum e kitaale 1950.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a44PAQAAMAAJ&q=azikiwe+legacy|title=The Legacies of Zik: A Tribute to the Rt. Hon. Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe, First President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria and the Owelle-Osowa-Anya of Onithsa|year=1996|publisher=Nolix Educational Publishers|isbn=978-978-2754-60-8}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=https://worldlibraries.dom.edu/index.php/worldlib/article/view/199/154|title=Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe, 1904-1966, First President of Nigeria: A Force in Library Development in Nigeria|journal=World Libraries|date=2 April 1997|volume=7|issue=2|last1=Aguolu|first1=C. C.|last2=Aguolu|first2=L. E.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gaana.com/song/the-life-legacy-of-dr-nnamdi-azikiwe-former-president-of-nigeria-with-michael-ukwuma|title=Listen to The Life & Legacy Of Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe, Former President of Nigeria with Michael Ukwuma from show Obehi Podcast: In-depth interviews – season – 1|work=gaana.com|access-date=31 March 2024|archive-date=31 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331083759/https://gaana.com/song/the-life-legacy-of-dr-nnamdi-azikiwe-former-president-of-nigeria-with-michael-ukwuma|url-status=dead}}</ref>Kaayitaaji keertiiɗi ɗi Nnamdi Azikiwe, hooreejo leydi [[Naajeeriya]] arandeejo, ɗon mari haaje nder suudu defte maako haa Nsukka, [[Naajeeriya]]. Ina jeyaa e ɗeen binndanɗe keertiiɗe, eɓɓaande ciimtol makko, binndanɗe dowla ummoraade e gardagol makko, binndanɗe politik jowitiiɗe e Republique Biafra, kaɓirɗe ummoraade e kampaañ Azikiwe e hitaande 1979 e 1983, kam e defte e jaayɗe seeɗa ɗe keewaani. Jaaɓihaaɗtirde Vanderbilt, e ballal kaalis e porogaraam defte binndaaɗe e nder defterdu UCLA, waɗii ɗeen geɗe dijital ngam sosde mooɓondiral geɗe puɗɗaaɗe jowitiiɗe e jaŋde leydi [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]] e leydi Biafra <ref name="meap.library.ucla.edu">{{Cite web|title=Rescuing Zik's Library: Preserving the Nnamdi Azikiwe Papers {{!}} Modern Endangered Archives Program|url=https://meap.library.ucla.edu/projects/nnamdi-azikiwe-papers/|access-date=2025-07-30|website=meap.library.ucla.edu}}</ref>. Ndee ɗoo deftere ina heɓoo e dijital rewrude e defterdu UCLA.<ref name="MEAP Collection">{{Cite web|title=MEAP Collection|url=https://digital.library.ucla.edu/catalog/ark:/21198/z1547ndq|access-date=2025-07-30|website=digital.library.ucla.edu}}</ref> === Teddungal === Leydi Biritaan : Tergal e Diiso doosɗe leydi Biritaan, ñalnde 16 noowammbar 1960.<ref>{{Cite web|last=University|first=Nnamdi Azikiwe|date=2021-11-16|title=Profile of Nnamdi Azikiwe|url=https://zikslectureseries.unizik.edu.ng/profile-of-nnamdi-azikiwe/|access-date=2023-11-16|website=Zik's Lecture Series|language=en-US}}</ref> Komanda mawɗo fedde nde (GCFR).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Baraje and the Title of CON|url=https://www.ilorin.info/fullnews.php?id=2456|access-date=2023-11-16|website=www.ilorin.info}}</ref> [[File:Azikiwe with Thurgood Marshall, Chester Bowles and Roy Williston Bornn at Howard University 1954 commencement.jpg|thumb|Azikiwe e Thurgood Marshall, Chester Bowles e Roy Williston Jibinaa ko heɓde seedantaagal mum teddungal e hitaande 1954 fuɗɗoode duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Howard]] === Degreeji teddungal === Azikiwe heɓi dipolomaaji teddungal 14 ummoraade e duɗe jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Naajeeriya|Najeriya]], [[Amerik]] e [[Labiriyaa|Liberiya]], teeŋti noon : Pennsylvanie 1946: Doktoor to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Lincoln Virginia Hirnaange 1947: Doktoor ɓataakeeji to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Storer Washington, D.C. 1950: Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Howard heɓi Doktoraa mum to bannge sariya Michigan 1959: Doktoor tedduɗo e sariya to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde leydi Michigan<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://research.msu.edu/msu-honorary-degree-recipients-alphabetical-list|title=MSU Honorary Degree Recipients: Alphabetical List &#124; Office of Research and Innovation|website=research.msu.edu}}</ref> [[Naajeeriya]] 1961: Doktoor tedduɗo e ɓataakeeji (D.Litt.) to Duɗal Jaaɓihaaɗtirde [[Naajeeriya]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Honorary Graduates From 1961 to 1983|url=https://spgs.unn.edu.ng/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/10/HONORARY-GRADUATES-FROM-1961-TO-1983.pdf|access-date=August 18, 2024|website=spgs.unn.edu.ng}}</ref> [[Labiriyaa|Liberiya]] 1969 : Doktoraa mum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Labiriyaa|Liberiya]] Pennsylvanie 1980 : Doktoor tedduɗo e ɓataakeeji aadee to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Pennsylvanie Woɗɓe ina mbaɗi dipolomaaji ummoraade e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Ibadan]], duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Lagos]], duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Ahmadu Bello]], UNIZIK, e FUTO.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://zikism.tripod.com/Owelle.html|title=Zik of Africa|website=zikism.tripod.com}}</ref> [[File:Dmgs roundabout onitsha and Azikiwe statue II.jpg|thumb|Azikiwe/DMGS gonɗo e laawol, [[Onitsha]]]] === Siftorde e monumndaaji === <ref>{{cite web|url=https://ikengaonline.com/2022/12/03/gov-ugwuanyi-honours-zik-converts-premier-lodge-to-monuments-centre/|title=Gov Ugwuanyi honours Zik, converts premier lodge to monuments centre|date=3 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lincoln.edu/azikiwe-nkrumah-hall|title=Azikiwe-Nkrumah Hall {{!}} Lincoln University|website=www.lincoln.edu|access-date=2018-06-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.informationng.com/2017/03/things-may-not-know-university-ibadan-number-one-will-shock.html|title=Things You May Not Know About University of Ibadan... Number One will Shock You|date=16 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://library.unn.edu.ng/|title=Home|website=Nnamdi Azikiwe Library}}</ref> [[File:Dr. Nnamdi Benjamin Azikiwe.jpg|thumb|Nnamdi Azikiwe, [[Onitsha]]]] === Kaalis e tammborɗe posto === Natal Azikiwe feeñii e kaalis ₦500 leydi [[Naajeeriya]] gila hitaande 2001. Natal makko ina tawee e limlebbi postooji ɗi ɓe peeñnini e hitaande 1964, gila ndeen kadi feeñii e limlebbi goɗɗi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbn.gov.ng/Currency/gallery/N500.asp|title=Welcome to the New Central Bank of Nigeria Website}}</ref> === E nder pinal leñol === Nguurndam Azikiwe gadana ko kanko winndi, yaltinaa e hitaande 1970, tiitoonde mum ko Odyssey am: nguurndam am. Laamu leydi [[Naajeeriya]] sosi njeenaari Zik, njeenaari ardungal hitaande kala, e hitaande 1995, ngam teddinde Azikiwe. E hitaande 2006, Ben Obi fuɗɗii yeewtere hitaandeere Zik ngam maayde golle moƴƴe e ndonu Azikiwe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://zikslectureseries.unizik.edu.ng/benefactor/|title=Benefactor|website=Zik's Lecture Series}}</ref> [[File:Azikiwe-Nkrumah Hall - panoramio.jpg|thumb|Saal Azikiwe-Nkrumah, to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Lincoln]] Filoosofi jaŋde Azikiwe hollitaama e nder filmo binndaaɗo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Naajeeriya]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unn.edu.ng/unn-documentary-film/|title=UNN Documentary Film|date=22 June 2017}}</ref> E hitaande 2023, Fedde Duke Shomolu yaltinii pijirlooji tuugiiɗi e nguurndam e jamaanu Azikiwe. Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Michigan State sosi ‘Fedde janngooɓe [[Afrik|Afriknaaɓe]] hakkunde leyɗeele Nnamdi Azikiwe’ e hitaande 2023, ngam wallitde janngooɓe [[Afrik|Afriknaaɓe]] hakkunde leyɗeele MSU to [[Afrik]] ngam wiɗtooji. Njeenaari ndii ko ngam teddinde Azikiwe mo gollodii e jannginooɓe MSU ngam mahde duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde (Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde [[Naajeeriya]]) to Fuɗnaange [[Naajeeriya]]. [[File:Zik Historic Center Enugu.jpg|thumb|Yiyngo nder, Catal Zik, [[Enugu]]]] === Teddungal aadaaji === Azikiwe naatnaa e renndo Agbalanze [[Onitsha]] e innde '''Nnanyelugo''' e hitaande 1946, ko ɗum anndinde worɓe Onitsha jogiiɓe golle maantiniiɗe. E hitaande 1962, o wonti mawɗo leydi ɗiɗaɓo (Ndichie Okwa) hono '''Obi Oziziani'''.<ref name="Omotola2">{{Cite web |last=Omotola|first=Balogun|date=2017-12-11|title=Biography of Dr. Benjamin Nnamdi Azikiwe|url=https://diamondboatconsult.wordpress.com/2017/12/11/biography-of-dr-benjamin-nnamdi-azikiwe/|access-date=2020-05-30|website=Diamond Boat Consult|language=en}}</ref> Mawɗo Azikiwe toɗɗaama bana '''Owelle-Osowa-Anya''' mo [[Onitsha]] nder hitaande 1972, ɗum waɗi mo ardiiɗo ronkaaku arandeejo (Ndichie Ume) nder caltal Igbo nder laamiiɗo lesdi [[Naajeeriya]].<ref name="pulse.ng2">{{Cite news |title=A brief walk into the life of Nigeria's first president|url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/nnamdi-azikiwe-a-brief-walk-into-the-life-of-nigerias-first-president/5e2yhtv|date=2017-09-20|newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]]|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> [[File:Zik Historic Center, Enugu.jpg|thumb|Yiyngo yaasi, Catal Zik, [[Enugu]]]] [[File:NAIA Abuja Terminal Entrance.jpg|thumb|Nnamdi azikiwe laana ndiwoowa hakkunde leyɗeele [[Abuja]]]] [[File:Nnamdi Azikiwe University main gate Awka.jpg|thumb|Duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Nnamdi Azikiwe Akwa]] == Miijooji politik == Zikism; ko miijo politik ɓurngo lollude e Nnamdi Azikiwe, faandaare mum ko ustude hakkillaaji sukaaɓe [[Afrik|Afriknaaɓe]]. E sahaa nde dowlaaji [[Afrik]] ngonnoo e les njiimaandi Angalteer, Zik ƴetti filosof mum politik, hono miijo mbayliigu. Canons jowi Zikism woni "Balans Ruuhu", "''Regeneration'' Sociale", "Determinism Faggudu", "Emancipation Mentale", e "Ummital Politik". E werlaade annoore ɓurnde laaɓtude e canons, Azikiwe teeŋtinii, "Ko adii fof, mi ƴettii konngol ''balance'' spirituel ngam hollirde ndimaagu teskinngu e nder ɓernde, miijo e miijo... Ɗiɗaɓere, mi mahii ƴellitaare renndo ngam hollirde ndimaagu fedde e ndimaagu diisnondiral .. Tataɓol, mi ventured e nder faggudu taprocie so I goongɗini Mi lootii hono ngool ngonka nguurndam determinism faggudu, sabu miɗo gooŋɗini miijo Karl Marx e firo faggudu daartol e nder lewru e nder [[Afrik]] fof... Nayaɓol ngol, mi fellitii waɗde yah-ngartaa e nder fannuuji hakkille ... Ko ɗum waɗi mi ƴetti tesis wonde emancipaasiyoŋ hakkille ina haani wonande [[Afrik|Afriknaaɓe]] jannguɓe bonɓe. Joyaɓere ... alaa ko waawi sikkeede e Risorgimento politik [[Afrik|Afriknaajo]], nde tawnoo wellitaare ɗeen sarɗiiji ina ɗaɓɓi ndimaagu nguurndam, ndimaagu, e jokkude wellitaare." Weltaare Neo; Azikiwe huutoriima pinal [[Afrik|Afriknaaɓe]] e faggudu [[Afrik|Afriknaaɓe]] ko adii koloñaal ngam ƴellitde miijo makko faggudu Neo-Welfarist, o wasiyii eklektisism e pragmatism ngam wonde tuugnorgal filosofi wonande neo-welfarism.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371667097|title=A Philosophical Appraisal of Azikiwe's Neo-Welfarism Introduction|format=PDF}}</ref> Pragmatisme eklektik; Eklektik-pragmatism wonande Azikiwe ko feere ɓurnde moƴƴude ngam haɓaade haa teeŋti e goongaaji keewɗi fannuuji faggudu e politik. Ko feere etaade yuɓɓinde miijooji nannduɗi e luurondirɗi, wonaa e safrude luural, kono ko e suɓaade e hawrude e ko nafata e ko waawi huutoreede e kala heen ngam heɓde paandaale yiɗde. Nii woni, pragmatisme eklektik ina wayi no ko feere ɓurnde moƴƴude ngam haɓaade caɗeele Afrik e nder ƴeewndorɗe ceertuɗe e teskinɗe ɗe njiylotonoo ɗe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371667097|title=A Philosophical Appraisal of Azikiwe's Neo-Welfarism Introduction|format=PDF}}</ref> [[File:Independence Hall (Indy Hall) and Nnamdi Azikiwe Hall (Zik Hall) from topmost floor of Abdulsalami Abubakar Hall (AAH), University of Ibadan.jpg|thumb|Nnamdi Azikiwe Hall, Duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Ibadan]]]] [[File:Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe.jpg|thumb|Nnamdi Azikiwe, dowla Imo]] [[File:Azikiwe Postage Stamps.jpg|thumb|Azikiwe tonngoode hitaande 1964]] [[File:Azikiwe 500 Naira note.jpg|thumb|Azikiwe on 500 naira note]] === Golle === Zik (1961) Odiseeji am (1971) Afrik keso (1973) Liberiyaa e nder politik winndere (1931) ——— (hitaande 1966). Teemedere Ciimtol Ciimtol e Yimre Rt. Hon. Doktoor Nnamdi Azikiwe. Duɗal njuɓɓudi e karallaagal. <nowiki>ISBN 978-2736-09-0</nowiki>. Sifaa siyaasaaku ngam lesdi [[Naajeeriya]] (1943) Faggudu leydi Naajeeriya (1943) Zik: Cuɓagol konnguɗi Doktoor Nnamdi Azikiwe (1961) Daartol warngo: Goonga walla fenaande? (1946) Ko adii men ina woodi yanaande udditiinde (1947) Jaango Pan-[[Afrik]] (1961) Goongaaji ngootaagu Afrik (1965) Iwdi wolde hakkunde leyɗeele Naajeeriya (1969) Mi ɗon nuɗɗina Naajeeriya gooto (1969) Eɓɓooje jam ngam joofnude wolde hakkunde leyɗeele [[Naajeeriya]] (1969) Kaaldigal dow Laamorde Kesum ngam Naajeeriya (1974) Taggol lesɗe ɗuuɗɗe nder [[Naajeeriya]], limngal siyaasaaku (1974) Demokaraasi e jeertinaango konu (1974) Reorientaasiyoŋ miijooji [[Najeriya]] : yeewtere ñalnde 9 lewru Duujal hitaande 1976, e ñalngu udditgol kaalis dokkal UNN (1976) Hare men ngam Ndimaagu; Kiriis luumo [[Onitsha]] (1976) Njaafoɗen Ɓiɓɓe Men. Eeraango feewde e ardiiɓe e yimɓe [[Onitsha]] e nder caɗeele luumo (1976) Koolol jimɗi (1977) Soliloquies wolde nder leydi: Ko ɓuri heewde e jimɗi (1977) Teemedde e nder miijo renndo e politik [[Afrik]] (1978) Gartirgol Demokaraasi [[Naajeeriya]] (1978) Golle ɓennuɗe ɗe ngalaa nanndo: Jaabawol am e caɗeele mawɗo Awolowo (1979) Haala ɓernde (1979) ——— (hitaande 1980). Miijo ngam [[Naajeeriya]]: Kapitaalisma, Sosiyaalisma walla Weltaare?. Makmilan leydi Nijeer. h. 196. <nowiki>ISBN 9789781325212</nowiki>. ——— (hitaande 1983). Bonannde Hoolaare e NPN. ——— (hitaande 1983). Daartol Maa Ƴeewto Goongɗinɓe. == Ƴeew kadi == Ngenndiyankaagal Afrik Filoosofi Zikist Njeenaari Zik == Tuugnorgal == <references /> [[Category:Naajeeriya]] ptuu9r4776w91gt10c8zoyxsy6ocpg2 0 42329 180756 175305 2026-08-04T12:52:39Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180756 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ifeanyi Godwin Ararume''' (jibinaa ko 16 Duujal 1958) ko politikaajo leydi Najeriya, toɗɗaaɗo jaagorgal petroŋ leydi ndii, kadi ko hooreejo, fedde toppitiinde ko feewti e petroŋ leydi Naajeeriya (NNPC Ltd.), e nder njuɓɓudi petroŋ (Petroleum API Industry). Ko kanko woni senateer gardinooɗo Imo North e batu 9ɓo leydi Najeriya . O suɓaama Senator ngam lesdi Imo North (Okigwe) diiwal Imo, [[Naajeeriya]] haa fuɗɗam lesdi Naajeeriya, o ɗon dogga dow laylaytol lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP). O heɓi laamu ñalnde 29 mee 1999. O suɓaama kadi e lewru abriil 2003. Caggal nde o jooɗii e Senaa e lewru suwee 1999, Ararume toɗɗaa e goomuuji jokkondiral, geɗe polis, jikkuuji fedde, kaalis e appropri). <ref>"Federal Republic of Nigeria Legislative Election of 20 February and 7 March 1999". Psephos. Retrieved 2010-06-24.</ref><ref>Senators". Dawodu. Retrieved 2010-06-24.</ref> Ararume heɓiino woote gardagol PDP e hitaande 2007 ngam suɓaade guwerneer diiwaan Imo. Lannda kaa suɓii ko ardaade [[Charles Ugwuh|Charles Ugwu]] e nokku makko. Ararume salii ndeeɗoo kuulal, heɓi kuulal Ñaawirde Toownde (Cour Suprême) ngam wallitde mo. Lannda kaa riiwi mo, suɓii ko waasde waɗde kanndidaa, o acci kanndidaa oo ina udditanaa Ikedi Ohakim mo fedde wiyeteende Alliance des peuples progressistes (PPA). == Nguurndam gadano == Ararume jibinaa ko ñalnde 16 lewru Duujal hitaande 1958 to wuro Isiebu, Umuduru e nder diiwaan Isiala Mbano, to diiwaan Imo, to leydi Nijeer. O fuɗɗorii jaŋde makko leslesre ko e duɗal leslesal Saint Christophe, wuro Umuluwe, Ajirija to Isiala Mbano. O timmini jaŋde makko hakkundeere to duɗal hakkundeewal Dick Tiger Memorial, Amaigbo, caggal nde o winnditii ko adii ɗuum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde karallaagal Sapele, jooni ko e diiwaan Delta. O heɓi dipolom makko ko faati e njuɓɓudi njulaagu to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Liberty to Lynchburg, Virginia, o heɓi kadi dipolom makko ko faati e jokkondiral hakkunde leyɗeele to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Benin . == Kugal == Senaateer Araraume ko neɗɗo politik jahroowo e duuɓi 50. Daartol makko e politik fuɗɗii ko e kitaale 1990. O woniino kaalis leydi ngam kawral liberal e nder diiwaan Imo ɓooyɗo hakkunde 1988 e 1989. O naati e Goomu kaalis ngenndiijo kawral leydi ndi (NRC) mo gonnooɗo diktatoor militeer Seneraal [[Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida|Ibrahim Babangida]] sosi gila 1990 haa 1993, e wonde hooreejo leydi NRCal Kwarama. Ko kanko woni Hooreejo Dowlaaji gadani e nder lannda yimɓe fof (APP) mo maayɗo oo ; caggal ɗuum Lannda Leƴƴi Nijeer fof (ANPP) to diiwaan Imo (1998 – 1999). O suɓaama nder Senaa ngam lomtaade Imo North (Okigwe) diiwaan Imo, Naajeeriya e hitaande 1999 e les njiimaandi lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) o suɓaama kadi e hitaande 2003. E nder dumunna mo o woni Senaa, o golliima e goomuuji Senaa; o woniino Hooreejo goomu Senaa ko faati e Doole e Njamndi, cukko hooreejo goomu Senaa ko faati e Pinal e Turismo, cukko hooreejo goomu Senaa ko faati e Komiseer Ƴellitaare Delta Niiseer (NDDC), Hooreejo goomu Heɗto Jaaynde ngam zone Sud-Ouest Joview Review Doosgal leydi 1999 Goomu (JCRC) e hooreejo goomu Senaa ngam ñamaale nder leydi e caggal leydi. Ko kanko wonnoo Hooreejo Dental Senaateeruuji Hoɗɓe Hoɗɓe. [1] === Luural politik === Ararume ina golloroo politik mo wonaa miijooji. Omo heewi diwde e lannda politik gooto haa e lannda goɗɗo. O jeyaa ko e denndaangal lanndaaji dawrugol mawɗi e nder leydi Najeriya. Golle makko politik ina keewi luure. Caggal nde PDP heɓi primaaji ngam suɓaade hooreejo leydi Imo e hitaande 2007, lannda ka heɓi Charles Ugwu e nokku makko ngam luural e ardiiɓe lannda ka. Lannda kaa wiyi wonde keewal wooteeji makko ina famɗi no feewi e ko Kongres lannda kaa nanondiri e tataɓe ɗiɗi, tee woote ɗee mbaɗii fitinaaji. Ararume salii ndeeɗoo kuulal, heɓi kuulal Ñaawirde Toownde (Cour Suprême) ngam wallitde mo. Kono o riiwaa e lannda kaa sabu golle luulndiiɗe lannda , lannda kaa suɓii ko waasde waɗde kanndidaa e woote guwerneer. Ko adii nde o suɓetee senaateer e hitaande 1999, Ararume wonnoo ko hooreejo dowla lannda All Peoples Party (APP) mo alaa ɗo haaɗi. O decamped diga APP o yahi PDP balɗe seɗɗa ko adii primaires assemblée national PDP ɗo o heɓi nominaasiyoŋ e nder ngonkaaji luutndiiɗi. Caggal mum o naati e fedde wiyeteende Action Congress (ACN) ɗo o tawtoraama woote guwerneer e hitaande 2011 kono o fooli [[Rochas Okorocha]] mo fedde mawnde (APGA). E hitaande 2014, Ararume naati e lannda Demokaraasi Leƴƴi, o fooli ɗum ngam suɓaade guwerneer e hitaande 2015, o fooli Chukwuemeka Ihedioha . Caggal mum o ummii kadi e PDP o fayi to [[APC]] (APC) o hawri e guwerneer jooni Okorocha e nder wooteeji guwerneer 2015. Ñalnde 5 suwee 2018, senaateer Ararume yalti lannda laamu APC, naati APGA ɗo o woni e haɓaade jooni ngam suɓaade guwerneer. == Tuugnorgal == [[Category:Yimɓe wuurɓe]] ayzxlx5xr2ooifoydwo1zniofu68unq 180757 180756 2026-08-04T12:54:03Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180757 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ifeanyi Godwin Ararume''' (jibinaa ko 16 Duujal 1958) ko politikaajo leydi Najeriya, toɗɗaaɗo jaagorgal petroŋ leydi ndii, kadi ko hooreejo, fedde toppitiinde ko feewti e petroŋ leydi Naajeeriya (NNPC Ltd.), e nder njuɓɓudi petroŋ (Petroleum API Industry). Ko kanko woni senateer gardinooɗo Imo North e batu 9ɓo leydi Najeriya .<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncc.gov.ng/about-ncc/commissioners/180-commissioner-senator-ifeanyi-godwin-araraume|title=Commissioner: Senator Ifeanyi Godwin Araraume|last=Bello|first=Muhammed|website=www.ncc.gov.ng|language=en-GB|access-date=2018-10-02}}</ref> O suɓaama Senator ngam lesdi Imo North (Okigwe) diiwal Imo, [[Naajeeriya]] haa fuɗɗam lesdi Naajeeriya, o ɗon dogga dow laylaytol lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP). O heɓi laamu ñalnde 29 mee 1999. O suɓaama kadi e lewru abriil 2003. Caggal nde o jooɗii e Senaa e lewru suwee 1999, Ararume toɗɗaa e goomuuji jokkondiral, geɗe polis, jikkuuji fedde, kaalis e appropri). <ref>"Federal Republic of Nigeria Legislative Election of 20 February and 7 March 1999". Psephos. Retrieved 2010-06-24.</ref><ref>Senators". Dawodu. Retrieved 2010-06-24.</ref> Ararume heɓiino woote gardagol PDP e hitaande 2007 ngam suɓaade guwerneer diiwaan Imo. Lannda kaa suɓii ko ardaade [[Charles Ugwuh|Charles Ugwu]] e nokku makko. Ararume salii ndeeɗoo kuulal, heɓi kuulal Ñaawirde Toownde (Cour Suprême) ngam wallitde mo. Lannda kaa riiwi mo, suɓii ko waasde waɗde kanndidaa, o acci kanndidaa oo ina udditanaa Ikedi Ohakim mo fedde wiyeteende Alliance des peuples progressistes (PPA). == Nguurndam gadano == Ararume jibinaa ko ñalnde 16 lewru Duujal hitaande 1958 to wuro Isiebu, Umuduru e nder diiwaan Isiala Mbano, to diiwaan Imo, to leydi Nijeer. O fuɗɗorii jaŋde makko leslesre ko e duɗal leslesal Saint Christophe, wuro Umuluwe, Ajirija to Isiala Mbano. O timmini jaŋde makko hakkundeere to duɗal hakkundeewal Dick Tiger Memorial, Amaigbo, caggal nde o winnditii ko adii ɗuum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde karallaagal Sapele, jooni ko e diiwaan Delta. O heɓi dipolom makko ko faati e njuɓɓudi njulaagu to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Liberty to Lynchburg, Virginia, o heɓi kadi dipolom makko ko faati e jokkondiral hakkunde leyɗeele to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Benin . == Kugal == Senaateer Araraume ko neɗɗo politik jahroowo e duuɓi 50. Daartol makko e politik fuɗɗii ko e kitaale 1990. O woniino kaalis leydi ngam kawral liberal e nder diiwaan Imo ɓooyɗo hakkunde 1988 e 1989. O naati e Goomu kaalis ngenndiijo kawral leydi ndi (NRC) mo gonnooɗo diktatoor militeer Seneraal [[Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida|Ibrahim Babangida]] sosi gila 1990 haa 1993, e wonde hooreejo leydi NRCal Kwarama. Ko kanko woni Hooreejo Dowlaaji gadani e nder lannda yimɓe fof (APP) mo maayɗo oo ; caggal ɗuum Lannda Leƴƴi Nijeer fof (ANPP) to diiwaan Imo (1998 – 1999). O suɓaama nder Senaa ngam lomtaade Imo North (Okigwe) diiwaan Imo, Naajeeriya e hitaande 1999 e les njiimaandi lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) o suɓaama kadi e hitaande 2003. E nder dumunna mo o woni Senaa, o golliima e goomuuji Senaa; o woniino Hooreejo goomu Senaa ko faati e Doole e Njamndi, cukko hooreejo goomu Senaa ko faati e Pinal e Turismo, cukko hooreejo goomu Senaa ko faati e Komiseer Ƴellitaare Delta Niiseer (NDDC), Hooreejo goomu Heɗto Jaaynde ngam zone Sud-Ouest Joview Review Doosgal leydi 1999 Goomu (JCRC) e hooreejo goomu Senaa ngam ñamaale nder leydi e caggal leydi. Ko kanko wonnoo Hooreejo Dental Senaateeruuji Hoɗɓe Hoɗɓe. [1] === Luural politik === Ararume ina golloroo politik mo wonaa miijooji. Omo heewi diwde e lannda politik gooto haa e lannda goɗɗo. O jeyaa ko e denndaangal lanndaaji dawrugol mawɗi e nder leydi Najeriya. Golle makko politik ina keewi luure. Caggal nde PDP heɓi primaaji ngam suɓaade hooreejo leydi Imo e hitaande 2007, lannda ka heɓi Charles Ugwu e nokku makko ngam luural e ardiiɓe lannda ka. Lannda kaa wiyi wonde keewal wooteeji makko ina famɗi no feewi e ko Kongres lannda kaa nanondiri e tataɓe ɗiɗi, tee woote ɗee mbaɗii fitinaaji. Ararume salii ndeeɗoo kuulal, heɓi kuulal Ñaawirde Toownde (Cour Suprême) ngam wallitde mo. Kono o riiwaa e lannda kaa sabu golle luulndiiɗe lannda , lannda kaa suɓii ko waasde waɗde kanndidaa e woote guwerneer. Ko adii nde o suɓetee senaateer e hitaande 1999, Ararume wonnoo ko hooreejo dowla lannda All Peoples Party (APP) mo alaa ɗo haaɗi. O decamped diga APP o yahi PDP balɗe seɗɗa ko adii primaires assemblée national PDP ɗo o heɓi nominaasiyoŋ e nder ngonkaaji luutndiiɗi. Caggal mum o naati e fedde wiyeteende Action Congress (ACN) ɗo o tawtoraama woote guwerneer e hitaande 2011 kono o fooli [[Rochas Okorocha]] mo fedde mawnde (APGA). E hitaande 2014, Ararume naati e lannda Demokaraasi Leƴƴi, o fooli ɗum ngam suɓaade guwerneer e hitaande 2015, o fooli Chukwuemeka Ihedioha . Caggal mum o ummii kadi e PDP o fayi to [[APC]] (APC) o hawri e guwerneer jooni Okorocha e nder wooteeji guwerneer 2015. Ñalnde 5 suwee 2018, senaateer Ararume yalti lannda laamu APC, naati APGA ɗo o woni e haɓaade jooni ngam suɓaade guwerneer. == Tuugnorgal == [[Category:Yimɓe wuurɓe]] hvufkyx5yqzjqntlrh9n0xuf212w29a 180758 180757 2026-08-04T12:56:08Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180758 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ifeanyi Godwin Ararume''' (jibinaa ko 16 Duujal 1958) ko politikaajo leydi Najeriya, toɗɗaaɗo jaagorgal petroŋ leydi ndii, kadi ko hooreejo, fedde toppitiinde ko feewti e petroŋ leydi Naajeeriya (NNPC Ltd.), e nder njuɓɓudi petroŋ (Petroleum API Industry). Ko kanko woni senateer gardinooɗo Imo North e batu 9ɓo leydi Najeriya .<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncc.gov.ng/about-ncc/commissioners/180-commissioner-senator-ifeanyi-godwin-araraume|title=Commissioner: Senator Ifeanyi Godwin Araraume|last=Bello|first=Muhammed|website=www.ncc.gov.ng|language=en-GB|access-date=2018-10-02}}</ref> O suɓaama Senator ngam lesdi Imo North (Okigwe) diiwal Imo, [[Naajeeriya]] haa fuɗɗam lesdi Naajeeriya, o ɗon dogga dow laylaytol lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP). O heɓi laamu ñalnde 29 mee 1999. O suɓaama kadi e lewru abriil 2003. Caggal nde o jooɗii e Senaa e lewru suwee 1999, Ararume toɗɗaa e goomuuji jokkondiral, geɗe polis, jikkuuji fedde, kaalis e appropri). <ref>"Federal Republic of Nigeria Legislative Election of 20 February and 7 March 1999". Psephos. Retrieved 2010-06-24.</ref><ref>Senators". Dawodu. Retrieved 2010-06-24.</ref> Ararume heɓiino woote gardagol PDP e hitaande 2007 ngam suɓaade guwerneer diiwaan Imo. Lannda kaa suɓii ko ardaade [[Charles Ugwuh|Charles Ugwu]] e nokku makko.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nigeriaworld.com/articles/2007/jul/103.html|title=Nigeriaworld Feature Article - Still on Imo guber election, INEC and a professor of shame|website=nigeriaworld.com|access-date=2018-10-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://guardian.ng/news/pdp-expels-ararume-19-others-for-alleged-anti-party-activities-in-imo/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=PDP expels Ararume, 19 others for alleged anti-party activities in Imo|access-date=2018-10-02|language=en-US|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}</ref> Ararume salii ndeeɗoo kuulal, heɓi kuulal Ñaawirde Toownde (Cour Suprême) ngam wallitde mo. Lannda kaa riiwi mo, suɓii ko waasde waɗde kanndidaa, o acci kanndidaa oo ina udditanaa Ikedi Ohakim mo fedde wiyeteende Alliance des peuples progressistes (PPA). == Nguurndam gadano == Ararume jibinaa ko ñalnde 16 lewru Duujal hitaande 1958 to wuro Isiebu, Umuduru e nder diiwaan Isiala Mbano, to diiwaan Imo, to leydi Nijeer. O fuɗɗorii jaŋde makko leslesre ko e duɗal leslesal Saint Christophe, wuro Umuluwe, Ajirija to Isiala Mbano. O timmini jaŋde makko hakkundeere to duɗal hakkundeewal Dick Tiger Memorial, Amaigbo, caggal nde o winnditii ko adii ɗuum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde karallaagal Sapele, jooni ko e diiwaan Delta. O heɓi dipolom makko ko faati e njuɓɓudi njulaagu to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Liberty to Lynchburg, Virginia, o heɓi kadi dipolom makko ko faati e jokkondiral hakkunde leyɗeele to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Benin . == Kugal == Senaateer Araraume ko neɗɗo politik jahroowo e duuɓi 50. Daartol makko e politik fuɗɗii ko e kitaale 1990. O woniino kaalis leydi ngam kawral liberal e nder diiwaan Imo ɓooyɗo hakkunde 1988 e 1989. O naati e Goomu kaalis ngenndiijo kawral leydi ndi (NRC) mo gonnooɗo diktatoor militeer Seneraal [[Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida|Ibrahim Babangida]] sosi gila 1990 haa 1993, e wonde hooreejo leydi NRCal Kwarama. Ko kanko woni Hooreejo Dowlaaji gadani e nder lannda yimɓe fof (APP) mo maayɗo oo ; caggal ɗuum Lannda Leƴƴi Nijeer fof (ANPP) to diiwaan Imo (1998 – 1999). O suɓaama nder Senaa ngam lomtaade Imo North (Okigwe) diiwaan Imo, Naajeeriya e hitaande 1999 e les njiimaandi lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) o suɓaama kadi e hitaande 2003. E nder dumunna mo o woni Senaa, o golliima e goomuuji Senaa; o woniino Hooreejo goomu Senaa ko faati e Doole e Njamndi, cukko hooreejo goomu Senaa ko faati e Pinal e Turismo, cukko hooreejo goomu Senaa ko faati e Komiseer Ƴellitaare Delta Niiseer (NDDC), Hooreejo goomu Heɗto Jaaynde ngam zone Sud-Ouest Joview Review Doosgal leydi 1999 Goomu (JCRC) e hooreejo goomu Senaa ngam ñamaale nder leydi e caggal leydi. Ko kanko wonnoo Hooreejo Dental Senaateeruuji Hoɗɓe Hoɗɓe. [1] === Luural politik === Ararume ina golloroo politik mo wonaa miijooji. Omo heewi diwde e lannda politik gooto haa e lannda goɗɗo. O jeyaa ko e denndaangal lanndaaji dawrugol mawɗi e nder leydi Najeriya. Golle makko politik ina keewi luure. Caggal nde PDP heɓi primaaji ngam suɓaade hooreejo leydi Imo e hitaande 2007, lannda ka heɓi Charles Ugwu e nokku makko ngam luural e ardiiɓe lannda ka. Lannda kaa wiyi wonde keewal wooteeji makko ina famɗi no feewi e ko Kongres lannda kaa nanondiri e tataɓe ɗiɗi, tee woote ɗee mbaɗii fitinaaji. Ararume salii ndeeɗoo kuulal, heɓi kuulal Ñaawirde Toownde (Cour Suprême) ngam wallitde mo. Kono o riiwaa e lannda kaa sabu golle luulndiiɗe lannda , lannda kaa suɓii ko waasde waɗde kanndidaa e woote guwerneer. Ko adii nde o suɓetee senaateer e hitaande 1999, Ararume wonnoo ko hooreejo dowla lannda All Peoples Party (APP) mo alaa ɗo haaɗi. O decamped diga APP o yahi PDP balɗe seɗɗa ko adii primaires assemblée national PDP ɗo o heɓi nominaasiyoŋ e nder ngonkaaji luutndiiɗi. Caggal mum o naati e fedde wiyeteende Action Congress (ACN) ɗo o tawtoraama woote guwerneer e hitaande 2011 kono o fooli [[Rochas Okorocha]] mo fedde mawnde (APGA). E hitaande 2014, Ararume naati e lannda Demokaraasi Leƴƴi, o fooli ɗum ngam suɓaade guwerneer e hitaande 2015, o fooli Chukwuemeka Ihedioha . Caggal mum o ummii kadi e PDP o fayi to [[APC]] (APC) o hawri e guwerneer jooni Okorocha e nder wooteeji guwerneer 2015. Ñalnde 5 suwee 2018, senaateer Ararume yalti lannda laamu APC, naati APGA ɗo o woni e haɓaade jooni ngam suɓaade guwerneer. == Tuugnorgal == [[Category:Yimɓe wuurɓe]] 26v0av2688l11fijvfsgonev1flpnqk 180759 180758 2026-08-04T12:58:33Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180759 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ifeanyi Godwin Ararume''' (jibinaa ko 16 Duujal 1958) ko politikaajo leydi Najeriya, toɗɗaaɗo jaagorgal petroŋ leydi ndii, kadi ko hooreejo, fedde toppitiinde ko feewti e petroŋ leydi Naajeeriya (NNPC Ltd.), e nder njuɓɓudi petroŋ (Petroleum API Industry). Ko kanko woni senateer gardinooɗo Imo North e batu 9ɓo leydi Najeriya .<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncc.gov.ng/about-ncc/commissioners/180-commissioner-senator-ifeanyi-godwin-araraume|title=Commissioner: Senator Ifeanyi Godwin Araraume|last=Bello|first=Muhammed|website=www.ncc.gov.ng|language=en-GB|access-date=2018-10-02}}</ref> O suɓaama Senator ngam lesdi Imo North (Okigwe) diiwal Imo, [[Naajeeriya]] haa fuɗɗam lesdi Naajeeriya, o ɗon dogga dow laylaytol lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP). O heɓi laamu ñalnde 29 mee 1999. O suɓaama kadi e lewru abriil 2003. Caggal nde o jooɗii e Senaa e lewru suwee 1999, Ararume toɗɗaa e goomuuji jokkondiral, geɗe polis, jikkuuji fedde, kaalis e appropri). <ref>"Federal Republic of Nigeria Legislative Election of 20 February and 7 March 1999". Psephos. Retrieved 2010-06-24.</ref><ref>Senators". Dawodu. Retrieved 2010-06-24.</ref> Ararume heɓiino woote gardagol PDP e hitaande 2007 ngam suɓaade guwerneer diiwaan Imo. Lannda kaa suɓii ko ardaade [[Charles Ugwuh|Charles Ugwu]] e nokku makko.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nigeriaworld.com/articles/2007/jul/103.html|title=Nigeriaworld Feature Article - Still on Imo guber election, INEC and a professor of shame|website=nigeriaworld.com|access-date=2018-10-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://guardian.ng/news/pdp-expels-ararume-19-others-for-alleged-anti-party-activities-in-imo/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=PDP expels Ararume, 19 others for alleged anti-party activities in Imo|access-date=2018-10-02|language=en-US|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}</ref> Ararume salii ndeeɗoo kuulal, heɓi kuulal Ñaawirde Toownde (Cour Suprême) ngam wallitde mo. Lannda kaa riiwi mo, suɓii ko waasde waɗde kanndidaa, o acci kanndidaa oo ina udditanaa Ikedi Ohakim mo fedde wiyeteende Alliance des peuples progressistes (PPA).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201412010093.html|title=Nigeria: PDP Didn't Truncate My Gov Ambition - Ararume|website=AllAfrica|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721210819/https://allafrica.com/stories/201412010093.html|archive-date=2023-07-21|access-date=2018-10-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://punchng.com/ihedioha-emerges-imo-pdp-gov-candidate/|title=Ihedioha emerges Imo PDP gov candidate|access-date=2018-10-02|language=en-US|newspaper=[[The Punch]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/09/2019-ararume-izunaso-defect-to-apga/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=2019: Ararume, Izunaso defect to APGA - Vanguard News|date=2018-09-06|access-date=2018-10-02|language=en-US|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}</ref> == Nguurndam gadano == Ararume jibinaa ko ñalnde 16 lewru Duujal hitaande 1958 to wuro Isiebu, Umuduru e nder diiwaan Isiala Mbano, to diiwaan Imo, to leydi Nijeer. O fuɗɗorii jaŋde makko leslesre ko e duɗal leslesal Saint Christophe, wuro Umuluwe, Ajirija to Isiala Mbano. O timmini jaŋde makko hakkundeere to duɗal hakkundeewal Dick Tiger Memorial, Amaigbo, caggal nde o winnditii ko adii ɗuum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde karallaagal Sapele, jooni ko e diiwaan Delta. O heɓi dipolom makko ko faati e njuɓɓudi njulaagu to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Liberty to Lynchburg, Virginia, o heɓi kadi dipolom makko ko faati e jokkondiral hakkunde leyɗeele to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Benin . == Kugal == Senaateer Araraume ko neɗɗo politik jahroowo e duuɓi 50. Daartol makko e politik fuɗɗii ko e kitaale 1990. O woniino kaalis leydi ngam kawral liberal e nder diiwaan Imo ɓooyɗo hakkunde 1988 e 1989. O naati e Goomu kaalis ngenndiijo kawral leydi ndi (NRC) mo gonnooɗo diktatoor militeer Seneraal [[Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida|Ibrahim Babangida]] sosi gila 1990 haa 1993, e wonde hooreejo leydi NRCal Kwarama. Ko kanko woni Hooreejo Dowlaaji gadani e nder lannda yimɓe fof (APP) mo maayɗo oo ; caggal ɗuum Lannda Leƴƴi Nijeer fof (ANPP) to diiwaan Imo (1998 – 1999). O suɓaama nder Senaa ngam lomtaade Imo North (Okigwe) diiwaan Imo, Naajeeriya e hitaande 1999 e les njiimaandi lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) o suɓaama kadi e hitaande 2003. E nder dumunna mo o woni Senaa, o golliima e goomuuji Senaa; o woniino Hooreejo goomu Senaa ko faati e Doole e Njamndi, cukko hooreejo goomu Senaa ko faati e Pinal e Turismo, cukko hooreejo goomu Senaa ko faati e Komiseer Ƴellitaare Delta Niiseer (NDDC), Hooreejo goomu Heɗto Jaaynde ngam zone Sud-Ouest Joview Review Doosgal leydi 1999 Goomu (JCRC) e hooreejo goomu Senaa ngam ñamaale nder leydi e caggal leydi. Ko kanko wonnoo Hooreejo Dental Senaateeruuji Hoɗɓe Hoɗɓe. [1] === Luural politik === Ararume ina golloroo politik mo wonaa miijooji. Omo heewi diwde e lannda politik gooto haa e lannda goɗɗo. O jeyaa ko e denndaangal lanndaaji dawrugol mawɗi e nder leydi Najeriya. Golle makko politik ina keewi luure. Caggal nde PDP heɓi primaaji ngam suɓaade hooreejo leydi Imo e hitaande 2007, lannda ka heɓi Charles Ugwu e nokku makko ngam luural e ardiiɓe lannda ka. Lannda kaa wiyi wonde keewal wooteeji makko ina famɗi no feewi e ko Kongres lannda kaa nanondiri e tataɓe ɗiɗi, tee woote ɗee mbaɗii fitinaaji. Ararume salii ndeeɗoo kuulal, heɓi kuulal Ñaawirde Toownde (Cour Suprême) ngam wallitde mo. Kono o riiwaa e lannda kaa sabu golle luulndiiɗe lannda , lannda kaa suɓii ko waasde waɗde kanndidaa e woote guwerneer. Ko adii nde o suɓetee senaateer e hitaande 1999, Ararume wonnoo ko hooreejo dowla lannda All Peoples Party (APP) mo alaa ɗo haaɗi. O decamped diga APP o yahi PDP balɗe seɗɗa ko adii primaires assemblée national PDP ɗo o heɓi nominaasiyoŋ e nder ngonkaaji luutndiiɗi. Caggal mum o naati e fedde wiyeteende Action Congress (ACN) ɗo o tawtoraama woote guwerneer e hitaande 2011 kono o fooli [[Rochas Okorocha]] mo fedde mawnde (APGA). E hitaande 2014, Ararume naati e lannda Demokaraasi Leƴƴi, o fooli ɗum ngam suɓaade guwerneer e hitaande 2015, o fooli Chukwuemeka Ihedioha . Caggal mum o ummii kadi e PDP o fayi to [[APC]] (APC) o hawri e guwerneer jooni Okorocha e nder wooteeji guwerneer 2015. Ñalnde 5 suwee 2018, senaateer Ararume yalti lannda laamu APC, naati APGA ɗo o woni e haɓaade jooni ngam suɓaade guwerneer. == Tuugnorgal == [[Category:Yimɓe wuurɓe]] 3kdb348iz7gs2wkyyrt1c9s4tk9alnp 180760 180759 2026-08-04T13:00:49Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180760 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ifeanyi Godwin Ararume''' (jibinaa ko 16 Duujal 1958) ko politikaajo leydi Najeriya, toɗɗaaɗo jaagorgal petroŋ leydi ndii, kadi ko hooreejo, fedde toppitiinde ko feewti e petroŋ leydi Naajeeriya (NNPC Ltd.), e nder njuɓɓudi petroŋ (Petroleum API Industry). Ko kanko woni senateer gardinooɗo Imo North e batu 9ɓo leydi Najeriya .<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncc.gov.ng/about-ncc/commissioners/180-commissioner-senator-ifeanyi-godwin-araraume|title=Commissioner: Senator Ifeanyi Godwin Araraume|last=Bello|first=Muhammed|website=www.ncc.gov.ng|language=en-GB|access-date=2018-10-02}}</ref> O suɓaama Senator ngam lesdi Imo North (Okigwe) diiwal Imo, [[Naajeeriya]] haa fuɗɗam lesdi Naajeeriya, o ɗon dogga dow laylaytol lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP). O heɓi laamu ñalnde 29 mee 1999. O suɓaama kadi e lewru abriil 2003. Caggal nde o jooɗii e Senaa e lewru suwee 1999, Ararume toɗɗaa e goomuuji jokkondiral, geɗe polis, jikkuuji fedde, kaalis e appropri). <ref>"Federal Republic of Nigeria Legislative Election of 20 February and 7 March 1999". Psephos. Retrieved 2010-06-24.</ref><ref>Senators". Dawodu. Retrieved 2010-06-24.</ref> Ararume heɓiino woote gardagol PDP e hitaande 2007 ngam suɓaade guwerneer diiwaan Imo. Lannda kaa suɓii ko ardaade [[Charles Ugwuh|Charles Ugwu]] e nokku makko.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nigeriaworld.com/articles/2007/jul/103.html|title=Nigeriaworld Feature Article - Still on Imo guber election, INEC and a professor of shame|website=nigeriaworld.com|access-date=2018-10-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://guardian.ng/news/pdp-expels-ararume-19-others-for-alleged-anti-party-activities-in-imo/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=PDP expels Ararume, 19 others for alleged anti-party activities in Imo|access-date=2018-10-02|language=en-US|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}</ref> Ararume salii ndeeɗoo kuulal, heɓi kuulal Ñaawirde Toownde (Cour Suprême) ngam wallitde mo. Lannda kaa riiwi mo, suɓii ko waasde waɗde kanndidaa, o acci kanndidaa oo ina udditanaa Ikedi Ohakim mo fedde wiyeteende Alliance des peuples progressistes (PPA).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201412010093.html|title=Nigeria: PDP Didn't Truncate My Gov Ambition - Ararume|website=AllAfrica|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721210819/https://allafrica.com/stories/201412010093.html|archive-date=2023-07-21|access-date=2018-10-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://punchng.com/ihedioha-emerges-imo-pdp-gov-candidate/|title=Ihedioha emerges Imo PDP gov candidate|access-date=2018-10-02|language=en-US|newspaper=[[The Punch]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/09/2019-ararume-izunaso-defect-to-apga/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=2019: Ararume, Izunaso defect to APGA - Vanguard News|date=2018-09-06|access-date=2018-10-02|language=en-US|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}</ref> == Nguurndam gadano == Ararume jibinaa ko ñalnde 16 lewru Duujal hitaande 1958 to wuro Isiebu, Umuduru e nder diiwaan Isiala Mbano, to diiwaan Imo, to leydi Nijeer. O fuɗɗorii jaŋde makko leslesre ko e duɗal leslesal Saint Christophe, wuro Umuluwe, Ajirija to Isiala Mbano. O timmini jaŋde makko hakkundeere to duɗal hakkundeewal Dick Tiger Memorial, Amaigbo, caggal nde o winnditii ko adii ɗuum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde karallaagal Sapele, jooni ko e diiwaan Delta. O heɓi dipolom makko ko faati e njuɓɓudi njulaagu to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Liberty to Lynchburg, Virginia, o heɓi kadi dipolom makko ko faati e jokkondiral hakkunde leyɗeele to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Benin .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nigeriaworld.com/articles/2007/jul/103.html|title=Nigeriaworld Feature Article - Still on Imo guber election, INEC and a professor of shame|website=nigeriaworld.com|access-date=2018-10-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://guardian.ng/news/pdp-expels-ararume-19-others-for-alleged-anti-party-activities-in-imo/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=PDP expels Ararume, 19 others for alleged anti-party activities in Imo|access-date=2018-10-02|language=en-US|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}</ref> == Kugal == Senaateer Araraume ko neɗɗo politik jahroowo e duuɓi 50. Daartol makko e politik fuɗɗii ko e kitaale 1990. O woniino kaalis leydi ngam kawral liberal e nder diiwaan Imo ɓooyɗo hakkunde 1988 e 1989. O naati e Goomu kaalis ngenndiijo kawral leydi ndi (NRC) mo gonnooɗo diktatoor militeer Seneraal [[Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida|Ibrahim Babangida]] sosi gila 1990 haa 1993, e wonde hooreejo leydi NRCal Kwarama. Ko kanko woni Hooreejo Dowlaaji gadani e nder lannda yimɓe fof (APP) mo maayɗo oo ; caggal ɗuum Lannda Leƴƴi Nijeer fof (ANPP) to diiwaan Imo (1998 – 1999). O suɓaama nder Senaa ngam lomtaade Imo North (Okigwe) diiwaan Imo, Naajeeriya e hitaande 1999 e les njiimaandi lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) o suɓaama kadi e hitaande 2003. E nder dumunna mo o woni Senaa, o golliima e goomuuji Senaa; o woniino Hooreejo goomu Senaa ko faati e Doole e Njamndi, cukko hooreejo goomu Senaa ko faati e Pinal e Turismo, cukko hooreejo goomu Senaa ko faati e Komiseer Ƴellitaare Delta Niiseer (NDDC), Hooreejo goomu Heɗto Jaaynde ngam zone Sud-Ouest Joview Review Doosgal leydi 1999 Goomu (JCRC) e hooreejo goomu Senaa ngam ñamaale nder leydi e caggal leydi. Ko kanko wonnoo Hooreejo Dental Senaateeruuji Hoɗɓe Hoɗɓe. [1] === Luural politik === Ararume ina golloroo politik mo wonaa miijooji. Omo heewi diwde e lannda politik gooto haa e lannda goɗɗo. O jeyaa ko e denndaangal lanndaaji dawrugol mawɗi e nder leydi Najeriya. Golle makko politik ina keewi luure. Caggal nde PDP heɓi primaaji ngam suɓaade hooreejo leydi Imo e hitaande 2007, lannda ka heɓi Charles Ugwu e nokku makko ngam luural e ardiiɓe lannda ka. Lannda kaa wiyi wonde keewal wooteeji makko ina famɗi no feewi e ko Kongres lannda kaa nanondiri e tataɓe ɗiɗi, tee woote ɗee mbaɗii fitinaaji. Ararume salii ndeeɗoo kuulal, heɓi kuulal Ñaawirde Toownde (Cour Suprême) ngam wallitde mo. Kono o riiwaa e lannda kaa sabu golle luulndiiɗe lannda , lannda kaa suɓii ko waasde waɗde kanndidaa e woote guwerneer. Ko adii nde o suɓetee senaateer e hitaande 1999, Ararume wonnoo ko hooreejo dowla lannda All Peoples Party (APP) mo alaa ɗo haaɗi. O decamped diga APP o yahi PDP balɗe seɗɗa ko adii primaires assemblée national PDP ɗo o heɓi nominaasiyoŋ e nder ngonkaaji luutndiiɗi. Caggal mum o naati e fedde wiyeteende Action Congress (ACN) ɗo o tawtoraama woote guwerneer e hitaande 2011 kono o fooli [[Rochas Okorocha]] mo fedde mawnde (APGA). E hitaande 2014, Ararume naati e lannda Demokaraasi Leƴƴi, o fooli ɗum ngam suɓaade guwerneer e hitaande 2015, o fooli Chukwuemeka Ihedioha . Caggal mum o ummii kadi e PDP o fayi to [[APC]] (APC) o hawri e guwerneer jooni Okorocha e nder wooteeji guwerneer 2015. Ñalnde 5 suwee 2018, senaateer Ararume yalti lannda laamu APC, naati APGA ɗo o woni e haɓaade jooni ngam suɓaade guwerneer. == Tuugnorgal == [[Category:Yimɓe wuurɓe]] kb5iv3dzr7aqxsh45dj8zbl3noefkq3 0 42353 180904 175430 2026-08-04T22:35:48Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 180904 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Frank Oputa-Otutu''' ko siyaasyanke Naajeeriya, o woniino depiteejo e jamaanu Republique gadano. O jeyaa ko e lannda dawrugol NCNC, o ardii fedde Aboh lannda kaa. Oputa-Otutu ko senator leydi Najeriya e hitaande 1964.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Oputa-Otutu Blames Dafe|date=September 29, 1964|work=Morning Post|location=Apapa|publication-place=Lagos}}</ref> Oputa-Otutu janngi to duɗal farmasi Yaba hakkunde 1937 e 1941, caggal ɗuum o sosi farmasi makko e hitaande 1947..<ref>{{cite book|title=Biographia Nigeriana : a biographical dictionary of eminent Nigerians|url=https://archive.org/details/biographianigeri0000orim|last1=Orimoloye|date=1977|publisher=G.K. Hall|isbn=0816180490|page=[https://archive.org/details/biographianigeri0000orim/page/301 301]}}</ref> Ko adii nde Naajeeriya heɓata jeytaare mum e hitaande 1960, o woniino tergal e suudu sarɗiiji leydi Hirnaange, e sahaa gooto, o suɓaama e nder suudu sarɗiiji leydi ndii. Caggal nde Republique gadano oo taƴaa, Oputa-Otutu toɗɗaa yo won Komiseer Etablishment e nder Dowla Caka-Hirnaange.<ref>{{cite book|title=The price of liberty; personality and politics in Colonial Nigeria|url=https://archive.org/details/priceoflibertype0000post|last1=Post|first1=Ken|date=1973|publisher=University Press|isbn=9780521085038|page=[https://archive.org/details/priceoflibertype0000post/page/308 308]}}</ref> After the First Republic was truncated, Oputa-Otutu was nominated as Commissioner of Establishments in the [[Mid-Western Region, Nigeria|Mid-Western State]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/oputa-otutu-frank/|title=OPUTA-OTUTU, Frank|last1=Babah|first1=Chinedu|date=6 March 2017|website=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation}}</ref> E hitaande 1966, kanko e Shehu Shagari e Hon Olaniran, ɓe lomtii Naajeeriya e batu fedde parlemaa Commonwealth ɗo o haali ko fayti e jokkude tiiɗnaare e caɗeele njiyaagu Afrik worgo nde leydi ndii yalti e Commonwealth.<ref>{{cite book|title=Europe today: report to the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate by Senator Frank Church on a study mission to Brussels, Paris, London, Bonn, Berlin and the Eighteen Nation Disarmament Conference at Geneva, My 1966.|last1=Church|first1=Frank|date=1966|publisher=United States Government Printing Office|page=44|oclc=492782270|language=English}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == 3hu9fs0ymx3yaq0plmh3f5gc1ng0mcv 0 42525 181190 176251 2026-08-05T03:48:36Z InternetArchiveBot 6960 Add 5 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260804)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 181190 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hassan Usman Katsina OFR''' (31 mars 1933 – 24 juillet 1995), inniraaɗo Chiroman Katsina, ko seneraal Najeriya, ko o Guwerneer cakkitiiɗo to Fuɗnaange Najeriya. O laati hooreejo konu wakkati konu lesdi Naajeeriya, ɓaawo man o laati cukko hooreejo konu, suudu mawndu.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-07-28|title=In memory of late Gen. Hassan Usman Kastina|url=https://dailytrust.com/in-memory-of-late-gen-hassan-usman-kastina|access-date=2021-10-01|newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]|language=en}}</ref> == Nguurndam gadano == Hassan Usmaan jibinaa ko ñalnde 31 marse 1933, to Katsina e nder galle laamɗo Fulɓe jeyaaɓe e leñol Sullubawa. Baaba makko Usmaan Nagogo woni amiir Katsina 48ɓo tuggi 1944 haa 1981. Mawniiko biyeteeɗo Muhammadu Dikko woni amiir 47ɓo Katsina tuggi 1906 haa 1944..<ref name="dawodu2">{{cite web|url=http://www.dawodu.com/katsina1.htm|title=Nowa Omoigui. January 15, 1966: The role of Major Hassan Usman Katsina.|publisher=dawodu.com|access-date=2015-04-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S1s9EqmAN1IC&q=bisalla&pg=PA163|title=Oil, politics and violence: Nigeria's military coup culture (1966-1976)|last=Siollun|first=Max|publisher=Algora Publishing|year=2009|isbn=978-0-87586-708-3}}</ref> Katsina janngi ko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Barewa. Ndeen o yahri to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal e karallaagal to Zaria. Golle konu E hitaande 1956, Katsina naati e konu Nijeer. Nde tawnoo konu nguu ina woni e les njiimaandi koloñaal haa jooni, o janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Mons Officer Cadet e to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde konu laamɗo, to Sandhurst. Caggal jeytaare, Katsina ummii ko e darnde konu. O ardii konu to Kano e Kaduna, o wonii ofisee e nder korse kisal e nder Kiriis Konngo, o heɓi njeenaari Konngo. O yiyraa ko no ofisee militeer mawɗo, mawɗo to bannge worgo, jokkondirɗo e laamu nguu..<ref name="dawodu22">{{cite web|url=http://www.dawodu.com/katsina1.htm|title=Nowa Omoigui. January 15, 1966: The role of Major Hassan Usman Katsina.|publisher=dawodu.com|access-date=2015-04-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S1s9EqmAN1IC&q=bisalla&pg=PA163|title=Oil, politics and violence: Nigeria's military coup culture (1966-1976)|last=Siollun|first=Max|publisher=Algora Publishing|year=2009|isbn=978-0-87586-708-3}}</ref> == Kuudetaaji laamu e hitaande 1966 == Kabaaruuji goɗɗi: Kuudetaa leydi Nijeer e hitaande 1966 e kuudetaa leydi Nijeer e hitaande 1966 Ñalnde kuudetaa lewru Yarkomaa 1966, Katsina — Major golloowo e gardagol konu 1er Reconnaissance to Kaduna — heɓi kabaaru gonɗo e galle hooreejo leydi Naajeeriya Ahmadu Bello. Nde tawnoo o anndaano wonde Bello waraama tawo e juuɗe fedde puccist en, o yamiri Kaporal John Nanzip Shagaya e Sergeant Dantsoho Mohammed ngam yahde njillu e nder wuro ngo ɓe tawi garde polis Bello maayɗo oo e ɓalli mum Samueler Agunulega. E nder balɗe seeɗa, kuudetaa oo dartinaama, Ofisee Seneraal Komanda Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi ƴetti laamu, woni hooreejo leydi militeer gadano. Nde laamu sooja'en fuɗɗi, Aguiyi-Ironsi toɗɗi Katsina laatoo Gomnaajo sooja'en lesdi Naajeeriya. e nder oo biro, o jaɓi hokkude Nzeogwu — mo heɓti laamu Kaduna e sahaa kuudetaa — ñalnde 17 lewru Yarkomaa. Daartoowo biyeteeɗo Max Siollun siftinii toɗɗagol ngol ko « hakkille politik » sabu jokkondiral tiiɗngal hakkunde Katsina e « establishment » politik worgo, mo laamu nguu joofi ko ɓooyaani caggal warngooji Bello e gardiiɗo jaagorɗe leydi ndii, hono Abubakar Tafawa Balewa. Katsina ƴettiraa Lietnaa Kolonel e toɗɗagol ngol..<ref>{{cite book |title=Oil, Politics and Violence : Nigeria's Military Coup Culture (1966-1976)|url=https://archive.org/details/oilpoliticsviole0000siol|publisher=Algora Publishing|isbn=978-0875867083|last1=Siollun|first1=Max|author1-link=Max Siollun|date=April 3, 2009|page=[https://archive.org/details/oilpoliticsviole0000siol/page/63 63]}}</ref><ref>Stephen Vincent. Should Biafra Survive? Transition No. 32, Aug., 1967, p 54.</ref> Ko o guwerneer diiwaan oo, Katsina wonnoo ko tergal ex officio e nder Diiso Toowngo Konu. Ko sabu ngool biro Katsina waɗi darnde e nder Dekeree Dental ngam waɗtude leydi Nijeer dowla ngootaagu, caggal ɗuum o holliti wonde ballal makko e renndo ngo ko yeeso, o anndi kadi maa won fitinaaji ngam jaabaade bayyinaango ngo. E nder ɓeydagol miijooji luulndiiɗi Igbo en, fitinaaji luulndiiɗi Dekeree Dental ngal, maa won feccere adannde e pogromuuji mawɗi luulndiiɗi Igbo en e nder hitaande ndee kala. Tenngaade tuugnaade e Dekeree Dental, mette ummoraade e warngooji ardiiɓe fuɗnaange e nder kuudetaa mo ronkaama e lewru Yarkomaa, miijooji luulndiiɗi Igbo en, e geɗe goɗɗe ɓeydiima no feewi nde kabaruuji ɗi ngonaa goonga ɗii njalti e Fuɗnaange oo e yaawre, ɗum addani Katsina waɗde njillu ngam ittude haalaaji fenaande ɗi juulɓe Aguiyi haali ɗii.<ref>{{cite book |title=Oil, Politics and Violence : Nigeria's Military Coup Culture (1966-1976)|url=https://archive.org/details/oilpoliticsviole0000siol|publisher=Algora Publishing|isbn=978-0875867083|last1=Siollun|first1=Max|author1-link=Max Siollun|date=April 3, 2009|pages=[https://archive.org/details/oilpoliticsviole0000siol/page/109 109]–110}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Siollun|first1=Max|author1-link=Max Siollun|title=Oil, Politics and Violence : Nigeria's Military Coup Culture (1966-1976)|url=https://archive.org/details/oilpoliticsviole0000siol|date=April 3, 2009|publisher=Algora Publishing|isbn=978-0875867083|pages=[https://archive.org/details/oilpoliticsviole0000siol/page/120 120]–123}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Siollun|first1=Max|author1-link=Max Siollun|title=Oil, Politics and Violence : Nigeria's Military Coup Culture (1966-1976)|url=https://archive.org/details/oilpoliticsviole0000siol|date=April 3, 2009|publisher=Algora Publishing|isbn=978-0875867083|page=[https://archive.org/details/oilpoliticsviole0000siol/page/117 117]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Siollun|first1=Max|author1-link=Max Siollun|title=Oil, Politics and Violence : Nigeria's Military Coup Culture (1966-1976)|url=https://archive.org/details/oilpoliticsviole0000siol|date=April 3, 2009|publisher=Algora Publishing|isbn=978-0875867083|page=[https://archive.org/details/oilpoliticsviole0000siol/page/121 121]}}</ref> Hay so tawii ko tergal laamu, Katsina hollitii tikkere ɓeydotoonde nde soldateeɓe Fuɗnaange leslesɓe ɓee njiyti, o huutoriima konngol ngam wiyde ina yoɓa maayɓe e kuudetaa lewru Yarkomaa. Caggal lebbi keewɗi e fitinaaji ɓeydotooɗi, murto ngo Abeokuta waɗi e yaawre, addani kuudetaa baɗnooɗo e lewru sulyee, wari Aguiyi-Ironsi e soldateeɓe heewɓe to bannge worgo. Katsina — hono ofiseeji mawɗi woɗɓe to Fuɗnaange — tawtoraaka no feewi e kuudetaa oo kono jaɓii kuudetaa oo no feewi, o naati e kaaldigal to Ikeja e putschist en seernaaɓe Fuɗnaange tiiɗɓe ɓe Murtala Mohammed ardii. Fedde wonnde e ardiiɓe laamu mawɓe, ammbasadeeruuji Angalteer e Amerik, e ofiseeji Fuɗnaange moƳƳuɓe wondude e won e gollodiiɓe Fuɗnaange wuurɓe, keɓii faayiida ngam haɓaade fedde Murtala nde woppataa seerndude Fuɗnaange, jaɓa Lietnaa Kolonel Yakubu Gowon ngam wonde lomto dowla Aguiyi-Ironsi. Caggal kuudetaa oo, pogroms kesi luulndiiɗi Igbo en mbonni gure Fuɗnaange, ndogi teemedde ujunnaaje yimɓe fuɗnaange ndogde e Diiwaan Fuɗnaange. Katsina wonti innde e golle nanondiral ko wayi no dartinde murto 1 oktoobar bataliyoŋ 5ɓo to Kano hade mum yahde e wuro ngoo tawi Emir oo e hoore mum ina dartina warngooji e lootgol ; yanti heen, Katsina yuɓɓinii njulaagu ofiseeji fuɗnaange wuurɓe (ina heen hooreejo leydi garoowo oo, hono Olusegun Obasanjo e balloowo mum Lietnaa Chris Ugokwe) ngam yahde kisal. Kono, nde tawnoo bonanndeeji ɗii ko soldateeɓe leslese wonduɓe e siwil en mbaɗi ɗum en, Katsina ina etoo e dow tiiɗnaare ngam haɗde warngooji ɗii, o ƴeewtindiima kadi sarɗiiji gaddanɗi pogroms ɗii waɗde, o rokki soldateeɓe Fuɗnaange ɓee yamiroore yaajnde ngam « daranaade koye mum en » e yamiroore kesin inflammatory of the broadcast. == Njuɓɓudi == Laamu makko suɓii ko jokkude e yahrude yeeso ko Ahmadu Bello heɓi, o addi heen gollotooɓe laamu mawɓe e nder diiwaan hee jogiiɓe sifaaji njuɓɓudi baawɗi jokkude e yahrude yeeso. Yimɓe teeŋtuɓe e laamu makko ina njeyaa heen Ibraahiima Dasuki ; mo caggal mum wonti Sultaan Sokoto, hono Aali Akilu ; mo caggal mum waɗi darnde mawnde e sosde dowlaaji e nder leydi Najeriya, e Sunday Awoniyi. Laamu makko yi’i kadi ummital Mafiyaa Kaduna, fedde hesere nde sukaaɓe annduɓe Fuɗnaange, gollotooɓe laamu, e ofiseeji konu. E nder dumunna juutɗo mo o ardii oo, o ardii Agency Common Services Interim, woni agence ƴettuɗo golle renndinde ngalu kuuɓtodinngu diiwaan oo e nder njuɓɓudi laamu politik e faggudu kesiri, ndi alaa ɗo haaɗi. Katsina, kadi wuurtinii jokkondiral politik e emiraaji ɗii ngam wallitde njuɓɓudi makko kesiri ndii ; e ɓadtaade artirde njuɓɓudi ɓooyndi Njuɓɓudi Native Administrative e nder njuɓɓudi koloñaal, ɗo amiir en mbaɗnoo darnde mawnde. == Hare nder leydi == Kabaaruuji goɗɗi: Hare nder leydi Najeriya Caggal nde o wuuri e kuudetaaji ɗiɗi ɗii fof e caggal mum en ƴiiƴam, guwerneer Katsina heddii e Diisnondiral Toowngal Konu e les njiimaandi Gowon e hitaande 1967. Ko noon ne kadi, o woniino tawtoraaɗo batu Aburi, o tawtoraama jeewte gadane e hooreejo Fuɗnaange Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu. Katsina wiyi yiyri jeewte ɗee ko no haala neɗɗaagu nii, o noddi luural ngal ko « hakkunde neɗɗo gooto jom doole en e heddiiɓe e leydi ndii » e wiyde Ojukwu ko neɗɗo jiɗɗo « hollirde no o anndiri Engele ». Kono, no Siollun teskitiri nii, Ojukwu arii e batu nguu ina hebli no feewi e jeewte doosɗe leydi, tee ina jokki e ustude SMC ngam waɗde heen geɗe keewɗe. Gooto e ɗeen ɗoon jokkere enɗam — ndimaagu diiwaan ɓurngu toowde — ko goonga, ko Katsina e guwerneer konu diiwaan hirnaange Robert Adeyinka Adebayo mballiti ɗum nde tawnoo eɓɓaande ndee ina foti waylude laamu ummoraade e Gowon feewde e guwerneeruuji diiwaanuuji ɗii. Kono ko ɓuri heewde e kuule nanondiraaɗe to Aburi ɗee, ɗooftaaka, ɗum addani wolde hakkunde leyɗeele fuɗɗaade. E hitaande 1968, Seneraal Katsina waɗaa hooreejo konu caggal maayde Josef Akahan. E nder ndeeɗoo darnde, o ardii hare ndee, o ɓeydi heen laabi ɗiɗi konu nguu, o uddiri kaɓirɗe feewde Biafra, o huutorii ballal weeyo ummoraade e Dental Dowlaaji Amerik. E hitaande 1970, o seedtiima no Biafra rokkiri leydi Nijeer tawa alaa ko sarɗi ɗum. Suka biyeteeɗo Hassan katsina ina ɓoornii uniforme == Caggal nguurndam e maayde == Caggal kuudetaa leydi Nijeer e hitaande 1975, Seneraal Katsina woppi golle konu, ko o ofisee konu ɓurɗo mawnude e humpito e oon sahaa. Caggal nde o woppi golle, o salii toɗɗe laamu keewɗe. Seneraal Katsina ina horminoo e nder suudu konu nde tawnoo ko kanko ardinoo ƴellitgol sukaaɓe heewɓe, caggal ɗuum ardii laamu konu e nder leydi Najeriya. Caggal mum o naati e sosde pelle dawrugol ko wayi no lannda ngenndiijo leydi Najeriya e Goomu ɓiɓɓe leydi kulɓiniiɗi. O woniino kadi hooreejo fedde Polo leydi Nijeer, nde baaba makko Emir Usman Nagogo wonnoo hooreejo nguurndam mum ; e piilaaɗo polo e nder leydi Najeriya. Seneraal Katsina sankii ko ñalnde 24 sulyee 1995 to Kaduna. == Darnde konu == Ranndo hitaande 1958 Lietnaa ɗiɗaɓo 1959 Lietnaa 1961 Kapiteen 1963 Mawɗo 1966 Lietnaa kolonel 1968 Kolonel 1969 Seneraal Birigaad 1971 Seneraal mawɗo == Tuugnorgal == ov80mh0qyavpyp048wa3kbejq2r5dk4 0 43025 180792 178180 2026-08-04T13:58:19Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180792 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Isa Mohammed BagudulistenR''' (jibinaama hitaande 1948) ko siyaasaajo leydi Naajeeriya, cuɓaaɗo nder suudu sarɗiiji lesdi Naajeeriya ngam wakili'en lesdi Naajeeriya fombinaare nder lewru Abriil 1999, nden o suɓaama nder lewru Abriil 2003.<ref name="tday406">{{cite web|url=http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2003/04/06/20030406cov03.html|title=National Lawmakers: Likely Second Termers (1)|author=Louis Achi|work=ThisDay|date=2003-04-06|access-date=2010-05-12|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041228021659/http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2003/04/06/20030406cov03.html|archive-date=2004-12-28}}</ref> Jibinaa ko e hitaande 1948 e iwdi Nupe, baaba makko Waziri Bagudu wonnoo ko tergal e Diiso Munisipaal Ibadan e kitaale 1950. Bagudu janngi ko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ansarudeen, wuro Isolo. Ko kanko woni gardiiɗo NICON tuggi 1991 haa 1993.<ref name="tday4062" />.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://odili.net/news/source/2004/oct/15/6.html|date=October 15, 2004|work=The Guardian|title=Senator Anisulo alleges assault by colleague over panel funds|author=Alifa Daniel and Azimazi Momoh Jimoh|access-date=2010-05-12|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041022210757/http://odili.net/news/source/2004/oct/15/6.html|archive-date=October 22, 2004}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200410220429.html|title=Assault: the Road to Isa Mohammed's Suspension|work=ThisDay|author=Kola Ologbondiyan|date=22 October 2004|access-date=2010-05-12}}</ref> Bagudu suɓaama nder diiwal lesdi Naajeeriya haa lesdi Naajeeriya dow ko laarani hukuumaaji pamari lesdi Naajeeriya (PDP) nder lewru Abriil hitaande 1999 haa fuɗɗam laamu lesdi Naajeeriya. O toɗɗaa cukko hooreejo Goomu toppitiingu konte laamu. E lewru oktoobar 2004, o waɗii tiitoonde nde o fiyi senaateer gooto, hono Mrs Iyabo Anisulowo, hooreejo Goomu Senaa toppitiiɗo geɗe laamu e nokkuuji, to yaasi lobby Asaambele ngenndi. The Guardian hollitii wonde luural ina waawi jogaade ko yowitii e yoɓde kaalis goomu makko .Senaa jaabtii ɗum ko darnude mo fotde jonte ɗiɗi.<ref name="tday4063" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://odili.net/news/source/2004/oct/15/6.html|date=October 15, 2004|work=The Guardian|title=Senator Anisulo alleges assault by colleague over panel funds|author=Alifa Daniel and Azimazi Momoh Jimoh|access-date=2010-05-12|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041022210757/http://odili.net/news/source/2004/oct/15/6.html|archive-date=October 22, 2004}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200410220429.html|title=Assault: the Road to Isa Mohammed's Suspension|work=ThisDay|author=Kola Ologbondiyan|date=22 October 2004|access-date=2010-05-12}}</ref> == Tuugnorgal == r5bedsi2ao1pn01ghc8n5lbt2b1czhk 0 43389 180755 180710 2026-08-04T12:52:16Z Fulani215 7983 /* Nguurndam */ fixed typo 180755 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Jibril Muhammad AminuListenR''' (25 lewru bowte hitaande 1939 – 5 lewru juko hitaande 2025), ko adii ɗuum ko Aminu Song, ko porfeseer to bannge ganndal ɓernde, ko ganndo politik to leydi Nijeer. O woniino ammbasadeer leydi Najeriya to leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik gila 1999 haa 2003, o woniino senateer wakiiliijo diiwaan senateeruuji Adamawa Central gila 2003 haa 2011. O woniino tergal lannda yimɓe (PDP).<ref name="ooni">{{cite web|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201001111360.html|title=Between Jibril Aminu and Ooni of Ife|work=Vanguard|date=11 January 2010|access-date=2019-08-30}}</ref><ref name="nassnig">{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=19&page=1&state=4|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303200436/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=19&page=1&state=4|url-status=dead|archive-date=2016-03-03|publisher=National Assembly of Nigeria|title=Sen. Jibril Muhammad Aminu|access-date=2010-06-07}}</ref> == Nguurndam == puɗɗam e golle jaŋde Aminu jibinaa ko ñalnde 25 lewru nduu hitaande 1939. O janngi ko faati e safaara, o heɓi M.B.B.S to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan e hitaande 1965, o heɓi PhD to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde safaara laamɗo to Londres e hitaande 1972. O toɗɗaama Fellow to Akademi ganndal [[Naajeeriya]] e hitaande 1972, Fellow to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Royal College of Physicians, London e hitaande 1980 e Fedde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Afrik]] hirnaange kadi e hitaande 1980. O waɗaama hooreejo mawdo haa janngirde nyawndiigu lesdi Naajeeriya nder hitaande 2004. Aminu wonnoo ko jiiloowo to bannge safaara, jannginoowo mawɗo e gardiiɗo jaagorɗe safaara to duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde safaara Ibadan (1973–1975), e gardo kuftodinɗo Komiseer jaŋdeeji ngenndiiji (1975–1979). O woniino jannginoowo njillu to duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Howard to Washington DC (1979-1980) e cukko hooreejo duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Maiduguri, 1980-1985. O woniino kadi porfeseer safaara to duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Maiduguri (1979–1995). Golle politik Aminu woniino jaagorgal jaŋde leydi ndii, caggal ɗuum jaagorgal petroŋ e jawdi leydi ndii (1989–1992). Nde o woni jaagorgal petroŋ o woniino hooreejo fedde peewnugol petroŋ Afrik (1991) e hooreejo batu OPEP (1991–1992).<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=1DloAAAAMAAJ&q=Jibril+Aminu+25+Aug+1939&dq=Jibril+Aminu+25+Aug+1939&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj1jdiWqdqNAxVMUKQEHRNmG1kQ6AF6BAgKEAM#Jibril%20Aminu%2025%20Aug%201939 Profile of Jibril Aminu]</ref> O suɓaama nulaaɗo e batu doosɗe leydi (1994–1995).<ref name="nassnig2" /> .<ref>{{cite web|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200905250350.html|title=An Improved Senate, But Some Uninspiring Senators...|work=ThisDay|date=24 May 2009|access-date=2019-08-30}}</ref> Tuggude hitaande 1999 haa 2003, Aminu wonnoo ko ammbasadeer leydi Najeriya to leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik. Aminu suɓaama e Senaa ngam Adamawa Central e hitaande 2003, o suɓaama kadi e hitaande 2007. Ko o senateer Aminu toɗɗaa e goomuuji ko faati e geɗe caggal leydi, jaŋde, konu weeyo e cellal. E nder ƴeewndo hakkundeejo senaateeruuji e lewru mee 2009, ThisDay wiyi wonde o wallittaaki hay kuulal gootal, kono o wallitii e jeewte won e kuule. O ardinoo Goomu Geɗe caggal leydi no moƴƴi, omo tiiɗnoo no feewi e golle Goomu Jaŋde..<ref>{{cite news|url=https://punchng.com/dad-said-anyone-who-has-to-show-diplomatic-immunity-doesnt-deserve-it-prof-jubril-aminus-son/|title=Dad said anyone who has to show diplomatic immunity doesn't deserve it –Prof Jubril Aminu's son|date=30 September 2018|access-date=2019-08-30|newspaper=[[The Punch]]}}</ref> Ñalnde 2 lewru Yarkomaa 2010, Aminu waɗtaa "Bobaselu Fuɗɗorde" Ooni Ife, Oba Sijuwade. == Nguurndam == e maayde neɗɗo Jibiril Aminu ina joginoo debbo laabi ɗiɗi. Debbo makko ɗiɗaɓo wiyetee ko Faatima Bukar Mulima o rokki mo sukaaɓe tato. Debbo makko mo o seerti e mum ko Ladi Ahmed, o rokki mo ɓiɓɓe njeegomo.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Abdullahi|first1=Amina|title=Prof Jibril Aminu dies at 85|url=https://dailytrust.com/prof-jibril-aminu-dies-at-85/|access-date=5 June 2025|newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]}}</ref> Ɓiɓɓe makko worɓe Bashiru Aminu e Murtala Muhammad Aminu ko annduɓe faggudu e njulaagu, ɓiɓɓe makko rewɓe ina ngolloo e golle awokaaji (Nana Aminu) e dentist en (Aminu Bello). Aminu maayi ko ñalnde 5 lewru juko hitaande 2025, tawi ina yahra e duuɓi 85. == Tuugnorgal == gsajg154g3ltm2bo2bbjvpifbqi904v 180798 180755 2026-08-04T14:32:41Z Fulani215 7983 /* Nguurndam */ fixed typo 180798 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Jibril Muhammad AminuListenR''' (25 lewru bowte hitaande 1939 – 5 lewru juko hitaande 2025), ko adii ɗuum ko Aminu Song, ko porfeseer to bannge ganndal ɓernde, ko ganndo politik to leydi Nijeer. O woniino ammbasadeer leydi Najeriya to leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik gila 1999 haa 2003, o woniino senateer wakiiliijo diiwaan senateeruuji Adamawa Central gila 2003 haa 2011. O woniino tergal lannda yimɓe (PDP).<ref name="ooni">{{cite web|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201001111360.html|title=Between Jibril Aminu and Ooni of Ife|work=Vanguard|date=11 January 2010|access-date=2019-08-30}}</ref><ref name="nassnig">{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=19&page=1&state=4|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303200436/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=19&page=1&state=4|url-status=dead|archive-date=2016-03-03|publisher=National Assembly of Nigeria|title=Sen. Jibril Muhammad Aminu|access-date=2010-06-07}}</ref> == Nguurndam == puɗɗam e golle jaŋde Aminu jibinaa ko ñalnde 25 lewru nduu hitaande 1939. O janngi ko faati e safaara, o heɓi M.B.B.S to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan e hitaande 1965, o heɓi PhD to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde safaara laamɗo to Londres e hitaande 1972. O toɗɗaama Fellow to Akademi ganndal [[Naajeeriya]] e hitaande 1972, Fellow to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Royal College of Physicians, London e hitaande 1980 e Fedde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Afrik]] hirnaange kadi e hitaande 1980. O waɗaama hooreejo mawdo haa janngirde nyawndiigu lesdi Naajeeriya nder hitaande 2004. Aminu wonnoo ko jiiloowo to bannge safaara, jannginoowo mawɗo e gardiiɗo jaagorɗe safaara to duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde safaara Ibadan (1973–1975), e gardo kuftodinɗo Komiseer jaŋdeeji ngenndiiji (1975–1979). O woniino jannginoowo njillu to duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Howard to Washington DC (1979-1980) e cukko hooreejo duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Maiduguri, 1980-1985. O woniino kadi porfeseer safaara to duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Maiduguri (1979–1995). Golle politik Aminu woniino jaagorgal jaŋde leydi ndii, caggal ɗuum jaagorgal petroŋ e jawdi leydi ndii (1989–1992). Nde o woni jaagorgal petroŋ o woniino hooreejo fedde peewnugol petroŋ Afrik (1991) e hooreejo batu OPEP (1991–1992).<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=1DloAAAAMAAJ&q=Jibril+Aminu+25+Aug+1939&dq=Jibril+Aminu+25+Aug+1939&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj1jdiWqdqNAxVMUKQEHRNmG1kQ6AF6BAgKEAM#Jibril%20Aminu%2025%20Aug%201939 Profile of Jibril Aminu]</ref> O suɓaama nulaaɗo e batu doosɗe leydi (1994–1995).<ref name="nassnig2" /> .<ref>{{cite web|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200905250350.html|title=An Improved Senate, But Some Uninspiring Senators...|work=ThisDay|date=24 May 2009|access-date=2019-08-30}}</ref> Tuggude hitaande 1999 haa 2003, Aminu wonnoo ko ammbasadeer leydi Najeriya to leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik. Aminu suɓaama e Senaa ngam Adamawa Central e hitaande 2003, o suɓaama kadi e hitaande 2007. Ko o senateer Aminu toɗɗaa e goomuuji ko faati e geɗe caggal leydi, jaŋde, konu weeyo e cellal. E nder ƴeewndo hakkundeejo senaateeruuji e lewru mee 2009, ThisDay wiyi wonde o wallittaaki hay kuulal gootal, kono o wallitii e jeewte won e kuule. O ardinoo Goomu Geɗe caggal leydi no moƴƴi, omo tiiɗnoo no feewi e golle Goomu Jaŋde..<ref>{{cite news|url=https://punchng.com/dad-said-anyone-who-has-to-show-diplomatic-immunity-doesnt-deserve-it-prof-jubril-aminus-son/|title=Dad said anyone who has to show diplomatic immunity doesn't deserve it –Prof Jubril Aminu's son|date=30 September 2018|access-date=2019-08-30|newspaper=[[The Punch]]}}</ref> Ñalnde 2 lewru Yarkomaa 2010, Aminu waɗtaa "Bobaselu Fuɗɗorde" Ooni Ife, Oba Sijuwade. == Nguurndam == e maayde neɗɗo Jibiril Aminu ina joginoo debbo laabi ɗiɗi. Debbo makko ɗiɗaɓo wiyetee ko Faatima Bukar Mulima o rokki mo sukaaɓe tato. Debbo makko mo o seerti e mum ko Ladi Ahmed, o rokki mo ɓiɓɓe njeegomo.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Abdullahi|first1=Amina|title=Prof Jibril Aminu dies at 85|url=https://dailytrust.com/prof-jibril-aminu-dies-at-85/|access-date=5 June 2025|newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]}}</ref> Ɓiɓɓe makko worɓe Bashiru Aminu e Murtala Muhammad Aminu ko annduɓe faggudu e njulaagu, ɓiɓɓe makko rewɓe ina ngolloo e golle awokaaji (Nana Aminu) e dentist en (Aminu Bello). Aminu maayi ko ñalnde 5 lewru juko hitaande 2025, tawi ina yahra e duuɓi 85. == Tuugnorgal == igni4jvt8z4hhqx8c1b8w91nm5fmlwi 180799 180798 2026-08-04T14:33:12Z Fulani215 7983 /* Himobe */ fixed typo 180799 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Jibril Muhammad AminuListenR''' (25 lewru bowte hitaande 1939 – 5 lewru juko hitaande 2025), ko adii ɗuum ko Aminu Song, ko porfeseer to bannge ganndal ɓernde, ko ganndo politik to leydi Nijeer. O woniino ammbasadeer leydi Najeriya to leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik gila 1999 haa 2003, o woniino senateer wakiiliijo diiwaan senateeruuji Adamawa Central gila 2003 haa 2011. O woniino tergal lannda yimɓe (PDP).<ref name="ooni">{{cite web|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201001111360.html|title=Between Jibril Aminu and Ooni of Ife|work=Vanguard|date=11 January 2010|access-date=2019-08-30}}</ref><ref name="nassnig">{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=19&page=1&state=4|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303200436/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=19&page=1&state=4|url-status=dead|archive-date=2016-03-03|publisher=National Assembly of Nigeria|title=Sen. Jibril Muhammad Aminu|access-date=2010-06-07}}</ref> == Nguurndam == puɗɗam e golle jaŋde Aminu jibinaa ko ñalnde 25 lewru nduu hitaande 1939. O janngi ko faati e safaara, o heɓi M.B.B.S to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan e hitaande 1965, o heɓi PhD to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde safaara laamɗo to Londres e hitaande 1972. O toɗɗaama Fellow to Akademi ganndal [[Naajeeriya]] e hitaande 1972, Fellow to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Royal College of Physicians, London e hitaande 1980 e Fedde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde [[Afrik]] hirnaange kadi e hitaande 1980. O waɗaama hooreejo mawdo haa janngirde nyawndiigu lesdi Naajeeriya nder hitaande 2004. Aminu wonnoo ko jiiloowo to bannge safaara, jannginoowo mawɗo e gardiiɗo jaagorɗe safaara to duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde safaara Ibadan (1973–1975), e gardo kuftodinɗo Komiseer jaŋdeeji ngenndiiji (1975–1979). O woniino jannginoowo njillu to duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Howard to Washington DC (1979-1980) e cukko hooreejo duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Maiduguri, 1980-1985. O woniino kadi porfeseer safaara to duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Maiduguri (1979–1995). Golle politik Aminu woniino jaagorgal jaŋde leydi ndii, caggal ɗuum jaagorgal petroŋ e jawdi leydi ndii (1989–1992). Nde o woni jaagorgal petroŋ o woniino hooreejo fedde peewnugol petroŋ Afrik (1991) e hooreejo batu OPEP (1991–1992).<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=1DloAAAAMAAJ&q=Jibril+Aminu+25+Aug+1939&dq=Jibril+Aminu+25+Aug+1939&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj1jdiWqdqNAxVMUKQEHRNmG1kQ6AF6BAgKEAM#Jibril%20Aminu%2025%20Aug%201939 Profile of Jibril Aminu]</ref> O suɓaama nulaaɗo e batu doosɗe leydi (1994–1995).<ref name="nassnig2" /> .<ref>{{cite web|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200905250350.html|title=An Improved Senate, But Some Uninspiring Senators...|work=ThisDay|date=24 May 2009|access-date=2019-08-30}}</ref> Tuggude hitaande 1999 haa 2003, Aminu wonnoo ko ammbasadeer leydi Najeriya to leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik. Aminu suɓaama e Senaa ngam Adamawa Central e hitaande 2003, o suɓaama kadi e hitaande 2007. Ko o senateer Aminu toɗɗaa e goomuuji ko faati e geɗe caggal leydi, jaŋde, konu weeyo e cellal. E nder ƴeewndo hakkundeejo senaateeruuji e lewru mee 2009, ThisDay wiyi wonde o wallittaaki hay kuulal gootal, kono o wallitii e jeewte won e kuule. O ardinoo Goomu Geɗe caggal leydi no moƴƴi, omo tiiɗnoo no feewi e golle Goomu Jaŋde..<ref>{{cite news|url=https://punchng.com/dad-said-anyone-who-has-to-show-diplomatic-immunity-doesnt-deserve-it-prof-jubril-aminus-son/|title=Dad said anyone who has to show diplomatic immunity doesn't deserve it –Prof Jubril Aminu's son|date=30 September 2018|access-date=2019-08-30|newspaper=[[The Punch]]}}</ref> Ñalnde 2 lewru Yarkomaa 2010, Aminu waɗtaa "Bobaselu Fuɗɗorde" Ooni Ife, Oba Sijuwade. == Nguurndam == e maayde neɗɗo Jibiril Aminu ina joginoo debbo laabi ɗiɗi. Debbo makko ɗiɗaɓo wiyetee ko Faatima Bukar Mulima o rokki mo sukaaɓe tato. Debbo makko mo o seerti e mum ko Ladi Ahmed, o rokki mo ɓiɓɓe njeegomo.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Abdullahi|first1=Amina|title=Prof Jibril Aminu dies at 85|url=https://dailytrust.com/prof-jibril-aminu-dies-at-85/|access-date=5 June 2025|newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]}}</ref> Ɓiɓɓe makko worɓe Bashiru Aminu e Murtala Muhammad Aminu ko annduɓe faggudu e njulaagu, ɓiɓɓe makko rewɓe ina ngolloo e golle awokaaji (Nana Aminu) e dentist en (Aminu Bello). Aminu maayi ko ñalnde 5 lewru juko hitaande 2025, tawi ina yahra e duuɓi 85. == Himobe == 4mxyfpwekxt09z3hmnwhorj4lewhflc 0 43393 180745 2026-08-04T12:32:35Z Ilya Discuss 10103 Created page with "Anyim Pius Anyim GCON (jibinaa ko 19 lewru feebariyee 1961) ko siyaasaajo leydi Naajeeriya, o laati hooreejo 9ɓo nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi Naajeeriya diga hitaande 2000 haa 2003, o laatino binndoowo laamu lesdi Naajeeriya (SGF) wakkati laamu Goodluck Jonathan. O suɓaama Senator dow laylaytol lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP) nder hitaande 1999 ngam lesdi Ebonyi Sud haa lesdi Ebonyi e toɗɗaa hooreejo Senaa e lewru ut 2000. Ɓawo Anyim jibinaa ko ñalnde 19 feebariyee..." 180745 wikitext text/x-wiki Anyim Pius Anyim GCON (jibinaa ko 19 lewru feebariyee 1961) ko siyaasaajo leydi Naajeeriya, o laati hooreejo 9ɓo nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi Naajeeriya diga hitaande 2000 haa 2003, o laatino binndoowo laamu lesdi Naajeeriya (SGF) wakkati laamu Goodluck Jonathan. O suɓaama Senator dow laylaytol lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP) nder hitaande 1999 ngam lesdi Ebonyi Sud haa lesdi Ebonyi e toɗɗaa hooreejo Senaa e lewru ut 2000. Ɓawo Anyim jibinaa ko ñalnde 19 feebariyee 1961 to Ishiagu, renndo katolik en ɓurngo heewde e nder diiwaan laamu Ivo to diiwaan Ebonyi O janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ishiagu (St Koolaaɗo kuuɓal, Taskaram mooɓondiral sukaaɓe e nder diiwaan Sokoto. E hitaande 1992, Anyim wonti hooreejo departemaa ndeenka to Komiseer ngenndiijo toppitiiɗo ko fayti e mooliiɓe, Abuja, golle ɗe ina mbaɗi golle sariya e ndeenka politik wonande mooliiɓe. E nder ngalɗoo daawal, o yahri ko e nokkuuji keewɗi e winndere ndee. E hitaande 1998, Anyim naati e lannda Kongres Nijeer (UNCP) o heɓi njeenaari wooteeji Senaa. Kono maayde Seneraal Sani Abacha ñalnde 8 suwee 1998 bonni njeñtudi ndii. E laamu mbayliigu Seneraal Abdulsalami Abubakar, o naati e lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) o arti kadi e wooteeji Senaa e hitaande 1999. Golle Senaa Anyim suɓaama nder Senaa lesdi Naajeeriya nder lewru May 1999, ɓaawo man suɓaama bee hukuumaaji maako ngam o laatoo hooreejo Senaa nder lewru Ogost 2000, ɓaawo Chuba Okadigbo woppi laamu, jogaade golle haa lewru mee 2003. ef76tldswd7yo034u6nkk9ifdqmhdk3 180746 180745 2026-08-04T12:34:47Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180746 wikitext text/x-wiki Anyim Pius Anyim GCON (jibinaa ko 19 lewru feebariyee 1961) ko siyaasaajo leydi Naajeeriya, o laati hooreejo 9ɓo nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi Naajeeriya diga hitaande 2000 haa 2003, o laatino binndoowo laamu lesdi Naajeeriya (SGF) wakkati laamu Goodluck Jonathan. O suɓaama Senator dow laylaytol lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP) nder hitaande 1999 ngam lesdi Ebonyi Sud haa lesdi Ebonyi e toɗɗaa hooreejo Senaa e lewru ut 2000. Ɓawo Anyim jibinaa ko ñalnde 19 feebariyee 1961 to Ishiagu, renndo katolik en ɓurngo heewde e nder diiwaan laamu Ivo to diiwaan Ebonyi O janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ishiagu (St Koolaaɗo kuuɓal, Taskaram mooɓondiral sukaaɓe e nder diiwaan Sokoto. E hitaande 1992, Anyim wonti hooreejo departemaa ndeenka to Komiseer ngenndiijo toppitiiɗo ko fayti e mooliiɓe, Abuja, golle ɗe ina mbaɗi golle sariya e ndeenka politik wonande mooliiɓe. E nder ngalɗoo daawal, o yahri ko e nokkuuji keewɗi e winndere ndee. E hitaande 1998, Anyim naati e lannda Kongres Nijeer (UNCP) o heɓi njeenaari wooteeji Senaa. Kono maayde Seneraal Sani Abacha ñalnde 8 suwee 1998 bonni njeñtudi ndii. E laamu mbayliigu Seneraal Abdulsalami Abubakar, o naati e lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) o arti kadi e wooteeji Senaa e hitaande 1999. Golle Senaa Anyim suɓaama nder Senaa lesdi Naajeeriya nder lewru May 1999, ɓaawo man suɓaama bee hukuumaaji maako ngam o laatoo hooreejo Senaa nder lewru Ogost 2000, ɓaawo Chuba Okadigbo woppi laamu, jogaade golle haa lewru mee 2003. E lewru mee 2001, Anyim hollitii wonde suudu sarɗiiji toowndu nduu ina foti yuurnitaade golle ministeer ministeer e doole kisal e laamu mawɗo Bola Ige. E lewru suwee 2002, eɓɓaande nde Anyim ardinoo ngam ittude hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Olusegun Obasanjo, yani. Nde o wolwanno hitaande wootere, Anyim wi'i hooreejo lesdi Olusegun Obasanjo faami mo dow kuuje feere amma walaa luural hakkunde maɓɓe. E lewru ut 2002, o wiyi o saliima denndaangal jogiiɓe jappeere hannde ndee - haa arti noon e makko - yahde manndaa ɗiɗaɓo. E lewru noowammbar 2002, Anyim dartini senateer Arthur Nzeribe mo diiwaan Imo haa laaɓi cer, sabu tuumeede fenaande N22 miliyoŋ. Nzeribe wiyi ina jogori waɗde feere ngam ittude Anyim.Lewru nduu tan, caggal nde Anyim wullitii e Komisariyaa toppitiiɗo ko fayti e njulaagu e bonanndeeji goɗɗi jowitiiɗi heen (ICPC), Senaa sosi goomu ngam ƴeewtaade jokkugol golle komisariyaa oo. E lewru mee 2003, Anyim jeertinii ñaawoowo to Ñaawirde Toownde Abuja, hono Justice Egbo Egbo, wonde parlemaa ina jogii mbaawka yamirde nanngugol makko sabu luulndaade mo Senaa ƴetti sariya ICPC ngam haɓaade fenaande. Caggal golle Anyim ɗaɓɓaani woote gardagol leydi e hitaande 2003, sibu omo anndi no feewi wonde e les njiimaandi Obasanjo, o majjat, o majjat ​​deposit makko e nder golle ɗee. Ko ɗum waɗi, e nokku ɗo o fotnoo haɓaade, o mooftii jawdi ngam kanndidaaji ANPP to diiwaan Ebonyi ngam haɓaade lannda makko. Wonnde sahaaji caggal nde o yalti laamu, galle makko keeriiɗo to Abuja, feccere mum ko ƴattaade ngam ƴattaade peeje mawɗe Abuja. Ko o hooreejo Senaa, Senator Anyim haɓi e Gomnaajo jooɗiiɗo lesdi Ebonyi, Samuel Ominyi Egwu, haa o darni, wuro Anyim fuɗi. Feere hakkunde maɓɓe nde ko primitive haa ko ina wiyee wonde kaɓirgal Anyim ngal ina waɗi parade e nder Abakaliki, laamorgo leydi ndii. 24ldal36o6czklbit8f2urgyls6csg4 180747 180746 2026-08-04T12:36:48Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180747 wikitext text/x-wiki Anyim Pius Anyim GCON (jibinaa ko 19 lewru feebariyee 1961) ko siyaasaajo leydi Naajeeriya, o laati hooreejo 9ɓo nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi Naajeeriya diga hitaande 2000 haa 2003, o laatino binndoowo laamu lesdi Naajeeriya (SGF) wakkati laamu Goodluck Jonathan. O suɓaama Senator dow laylaytol lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP) nder hitaande 1999 ngam lesdi Ebonyi Sud haa lesdi Ebonyi e toɗɗaa hooreejo Senaa e lewru ut 2000. Ɓawo Anyim jibinaa ko ñalnde 19 feebariyee 1961 to Ishiagu, renndo katolik en ɓurngo heewde e nder diiwaan laamu Ivo to diiwaan Ebonyi O janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ishiagu (St Koolaaɗo kuuɓal, Taskaram mooɓondiral sukaaɓe e nder diiwaan Sokoto. E hitaande 1992, Anyim wonti hooreejo departemaa ndeenka to Komiseer ngenndiijo toppitiiɗo ko fayti e mooliiɓe, Abuja, golle ɗe ina mbaɗi golle sariya e ndeenka politik wonande mooliiɓe. E nder ngalɗoo daawal, o yahri ko e nokkuuji keewɗi e winndere ndee. E hitaande 1998, Anyim naati e lannda Kongres Nijeer (UNCP) o heɓi njeenaari wooteeji Senaa. Kono maayde Seneraal Sani Abacha ñalnde 8 suwee 1998 bonni njeñtudi ndii. E laamu mbayliigu Seneraal Abdulsalami Abubakar, o naati e lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) o arti kadi e wooteeji Senaa e hitaande 1999. Golle Senaa Anyim suɓaama nder Senaa lesdi Naajeeriya nder lewru May 1999, ɓaawo man suɓaama bee hukuumaaji maako ngam o laatoo hooreejo Senaa nder lewru Ogost 2000, ɓaawo Chuba Okadigbo woppi laamu, jogaade golle haa lewru mee 2003. E lewru mee 2001, Anyim hollitii wonde suudu sarɗiiji toowndu nduu ina foti yuurnitaade golle ministeer ministeer e doole kisal e laamu mawɗo Bola Ige. E lewru suwee 2002, eɓɓaande nde Anyim ardinoo ngam ittude hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Olusegun Obasanjo, yani. Nde o wolwanno hitaande wootere, Anyim wi'i hooreejo lesdi Olusegun Obasanjo faami mo dow kuuje feere amma walaa luural hakkunde maɓɓe. E lewru ut 2002, o wiyi o saliima denndaangal jogiiɓe jappeere hannde ndee - haa arti noon e makko - yahde manndaa ɗiɗaɓo. E lewru noowammbar 2002, Anyim dartini senateer Arthur Nzeribe mo diiwaan Imo haa laaɓi cer, sabu tuumeede fenaande N22 miliyoŋ. Nzeribe wiyi ina jogori waɗde feere ngam ittude Anyim.Lewru nduu tan, caggal nde Anyim wullitii e Komisariyaa toppitiiɗo ko fayti e njulaagu e bonanndeeji goɗɗi jowitiiɗi heen (ICPC), Senaa sosi goomu ngam ƴeewtaade jokkugol golle komisariyaa oo. E lewru mee 2003, Anyim jeertinii ñaawoowo to Ñaawirde Toownde Abuja, hono Justice Egbo Egbo, wonde parlemaa ina jogii mbaawka yamirde nanngugol makko sabu luulndaade mo Senaa ƴetti sariya ICPC ngam haɓaade fenaande. Caggal golle Anyim ɗaɓɓaani woote gardagol leydi e hitaande 2003, sibu omo anndi no feewi wonde e les njiimaandi Obasanjo, o majjat, o majjat ​​deposit makko e nder golle ɗee. Ko ɗum waɗi, e nokku ɗo o fotnoo haɓaade, o mooftii jawdi ngam kanndidaaji ANPP to diiwaan Ebonyi ngam haɓaade lannda makko. Wonnde sahaaji caggal nde o yalti laamu, galle makko keeriiɗo to Abuja, feccere mum ko ƴattaade ngam ƴattaade peeje mawɗe Abuja. Ko o hooreejo Senaa, Senator Anyim haɓi e Gomnaajo jooɗiiɗo lesdi Ebonyi, Samuel Ominyi Egwu, haa o darni, wuro Anyim fuɗi. Feere hakkunde maɓɓe nde ko primitive haa ko ina wiyee wonde kaɓirgal Anyim ngal ina waɗi parade e nder Abakaliki, laamorgo leydi ndii. Bana SGF, woodi jokkindiral cemmbiɗngal hakkunde Anyim e guwerneer lesdi Ebonyi, Martin Elechi. Wuro Anyim ina ɓuuɓtoo, ina waɗi indigeneeji keewɗi e nder egguɓe. O suɓaama diga hooreejo lesdi Naajeeriya, Goodluck Jonathan ngam ardungal juulde Centenary nde Naajeeriya anndini lesdi ndi lesdi Biritaniya. Anyim laati kanndidaajo nder suɓol hooreejo PDP nder lewru January 2008. E lewru Noowammbar 2007, hooreejo chapter PDP mo lesdi Kaduna wi'i o heɓan suɓol delegaasiyoŋ lesdi Kaduna fuu haa kawtal ngal. E lewru Yarkomaa 2008, Ligue des avocats patriotiques jaɓi kanndidaagal makko. O heɓi kadi ballal e fedde sukaaɓe lannda demokaraasi yimɓe. Kono e joofnirde laamɗo biyeteeɗo Vincent Ogbulafor toɗɗaama hooreejo PDP. E lewru Yarkomaa 2010, o ardii delegaasiyoŋ 41 mawɗo leydi Naajeeriya, ɓe noddi hooreejo leydi ndi'i, Umaru Yar'Adua, ngam o hokka ɓataake dow ko laarani soynde lesdi Naajeeriya ngam hisnugo demokaraasi lesdi ndi'i diga ɓillaaji. O yetti Senaa nde ɓe ƴetti kuulal ñalnde 9 feebariyee 2010 ngam waɗtude cukko hooreejo leydi Goodluck Jonathan hooreejo leydi jooɗiiɗo. E lewru mee 2011, Pius Anyim toɗɗaa koolaaɗo kuuɓal laamu Fedde nde (SGF). Njeenaaje Koolaaɗo kuuɓal leydi Niiseer (GCON) Ƴeew kadi Doggol yimɓe ummoriiɓe diiwaan Ebonyi Tuugnorgal i30g9wxc41l8isji6ksxtbcnm63t4xm 180748 180747 2026-08-04T12:37:23Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180748 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}Anyim Pius Anyim GCON (jibinaa ko 19 lewru feebariyee 1961) ko siyaasaajo leydi Naajeeriya, o laati hooreejo 9ɓo nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi Naajeeriya diga hitaande 2000 haa 2003, o laatino binndoowo laamu lesdi Naajeeriya (SGF) wakkati laamu Goodluck Jonathan. O suɓaama Senator dow laylaytol lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP) nder hitaande 1999 ngam lesdi Ebonyi Sud haa lesdi Ebonyi e toɗɗaa hooreejo Senaa e lewru ut 2000. Ɓawo Anyim jibinaa ko ñalnde 19 feebariyee 1961 to Ishiagu, renndo katolik en ɓurngo heewde e nder diiwaan laamu Ivo to diiwaan Ebonyi O janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ishiagu (St Koolaaɗo kuuɓal, Taskaram mooɓondiral sukaaɓe e nder diiwaan Sokoto. E hitaande 1992, Anyim wonti hooreejo departemaa ndeenka to Komiseer ngenndiijo toppitiiɗo ko fayti e mooliiɓe, Abuja, golle ɗe ina mbaɗi golle sariya e ndeenka politik wonande mooliiɓe. E nder ngalɗoo daawal, o yahri ko e nokkuuji keewɗi e winndere ndee. E hitaande 1998, Anyim naati e lannda Kongres Nijeer (UNCP) o heɓi njeenaari wooteeji Senaa. Kono maayde Seneraal Sani Abacha ñalnde 8 suwee 1998 bonni njeñtudi ndii. E laamu mbayliigu Seneraal Abdulsalami Abubakar, o naati e lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) o arti kadi e wooteeji Senaa e hitaande 1999. Golle Senaa Anyim suɓaama nder Senaa lesdi Naajeeriya nder lewru May 1999, ɓaawo man suɓaama bee hukuumaaji maako ngam o laatoo hooreejo Senaa nder lewru Ogost 2000, ɓaawo Chuba Okadigbo woppi laamu, jogaade golle haa lewru mee 2003. E lewru mee 2001, Anyim hollitii wonde suudu sarɗiiji toowndu nduu ina foti yuurnitaade golle ministeer ministeer e doole kisal e laamu mawɗo Bola Ige. E lewru suwee 2002, eɓɓaande nde Anyim ardinoo ngam ittude hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Olusegun Obasanjo, yani. Nde o wolwanno hitaande wootere, Anyim wi'i hooreejo lesdi Olusegun Obasanjo faami mo dow kuuje feere amma walaa luural hakkunde maɓɓe. E lewru ut 2002, o wiyi o saliima denndaangal jogiiɓe jappeere hannde ndee - haa arti noon e makko - yahde manndaa ɗiɗaɓo. E lewru noowammbar 2002, Anyim dartini senateer Arthur Nzeribe mo diiwaan Imo haa laaɓi cer, sabu tuumeede fenaande N22 miliyoŋ. Nzeribe wiyi ina jogori waɗde feere ngam ittude Anyim.Lewru nduu tan, caggal nde Anyim wullitii e Komisariyaa toppitiiɗo ko fayti e njulaagu e bonanndeeji goɗɗi jowitiiɗi heen (ICPC), Senaa sosi goomu ngam ƴeewtaade jokkugol golle komisariyaa oo. E lewru mee 2003, Anyim jeertinii ñaawoowo to Ñaawirde Toownde Abuja, hono Justice Egbo Egbo, wonde parlemaa ina jogii mbaawka yamirde nanngugol makko sabu luulndaade mo Senaa ƴetti sariya ICPC ngam haɓaade fenaande. Caggal golle Anyim ɗaɓɓaani woote gardagol leydi e hitaande 2003, sibu omo anndi no feewi wonde e les njiimaandi Obasanjo, o majjat, o majjat ​​deposit makko e nder golle ɗee. Ko ɗum waɗi, e nokku ɗo o fotnoo haɓaade, o mooftii jawdi ngam kanndidaaji ANPP to diiwaan Ebonyi ngam haɓaade lannda makko. Wonnde sahaaji caggal nde o yalti laamu, galle makko keeriiɗo to Abuja, feccere mum ko ƴattaade ngam ƴattaade peeje mawɗe Abuja. Ko o hooreejo Senaa, Senator Anyim haɓi e Gomnaajo jooɗiiɗo lesdi Ebonyi, Samuel Ominyi Egwu, haa o darni, wuro Anyim fuɗi. Feere hakkunde maɓɓe nde ko primitive haa ko ina wiyee wonde kaɓirgal Anyim ngal ina waɗi parade e nder Abakaliki, laamorgo leydi ndii. Bana SGF, woodi jokkindiral cemmbiɗngal hakkunde Anyim e guwerneer lesdi Ebonyi, Martin Elechi. Wuro Anyim ina ɓuuɓtoo, ina waɗi indigeneeji keewɗi e nder egguɓe. O suɓaama diga hooreejo lesdi Naajeeriya, Goodluck Jonathan ngam ardungal juulde Centenary nde Naajeeriya anndini lesdi ndi lesdi Biritaniya. Anyim laati kanndidaajo nder suɓol hooreejo PDP nder lewru January 2008. E lewru Noowammbar 2007, hooreejo chapter PDP mo lesdi Kaduna wi'i o heɓan suɓol delegaasiyoŋ lesdi Kaduna fuu haa kawtal ngal. E lewru Yarkomaa 2008, Ligue des avocats patriotiques jaɓi kanndidaagal makko. O heɓi kadi ballal e fedde sukaaɓe lannda demokaraasi yimɓe. Kono e joofnirde laamɗo biyeteeɗo Vincent Ogbulafor toɗɗaama hooreejo PDP. E lewru Yarkomaa 2010, o ardii delegaasiyoŋ 41 mawɗo leydi Naajeeriya, ɓe noddi hooreejo leydi ndi'i, Umaru Yar'Adua, ngam o hokka ɓataake dow ko laarani soynde lesdi Naajeeriya ngam hisnugo demokaraasi lesdi ndi'i diga ɓillaaji. O yetti Senaa nde ɓe ƴetti kuulal ñalnde 9 feebariyee 2010 ngam waɗtude cukko hooreejo leydi Goodluck Jonathan hooreejo leydi jooɗiiɗo. E lewru mee 2011, Pius Anyim toɗɗaa koolaaɗo kuuɓal laamu Fedde nde (SGF). Njeenaaje Koolaaɗo kuuɓal leydi Niiseer (GCON) Ƴeew kadi Doggol yimɓe ummoriiɓe diiwaan Ebonyi Tuugnorgal bbzjyn8o5coi0whcbqssu39vvjbvdd9 180749 180748 2026-08-04T12:39:55Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180749 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Anyim Pius Anyim GCON''' (jibinaa ko 19 lewru feebariyee 1961) ko siyaasaajo leydi Naajeeriya, o laati hooreejo 9ɓo nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi Naajeeriya diga hitaande 2000 haa 2003, o laatino binndoowo laamu lesdi Naajeeriya (SGF) wakkati laamu Goodluck Jonathan. O suɓaama Senator dow laylaytol lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP) nder hitaande 1999 ngam lesdi Ebonyi Sud haa lesdi Ebonyi e toɗɗaa hooreejo Senaa e lewru ut 2000. Ɓawo Anyim jibinaa ko ñalnde 19 feebariyee 1961 to Ishiagu, renndo katolik en ɓurngo heewde e nder diiwaan laamu Ivo to diiwaan Ebonyi O janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ishiagu (St Koolaaɗo kuuɓal, Taskaram mooɓondiral sukaaɓe e nder diiwaan Sokoto. E hitaande 1992, Anyim wonti hooreejo departemaa ndeenka to Komiseer ngenndiijo toppitiiɗo ko fayti e mooliiɓe, Abuja, golle ɗe ina mbaɗi golle sariya e ndeenka politik wonande mooliiɓe. E nder ngalɗoo daawal, o yahri ko e nokkuuji keewɗi e winndere ndee. E hitaande 1998, Anyim naati e lannda Kongres Nijeer (UNCP) o heɓi njeenaari wooteeji Senaa. Kono maayde Seneraal Sani Abacha ñalnde 8 suwee 1998 bonni njeñtudi ndii. E laamu mbayliigu Seneraal Abdulsalami Abubakar, o naati e lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) o arti kadi e wooteeji Senaa e hitaande 1999. Golle Senaa Anyim suɓaama nder Senaa lesdi Naajeeriya nder lewru May 1999, ɓaawo man suɓaama bee hukuumaaji maako ngam o laatoo hooreejo Senaa nder lewru Ogost 2000, ɓaawo Chuba Okadigbo woppi laamu, jogaade golle haa lewru mee 2003. E lewru mee 2001, Anyim hollitii wonde suudu sarɗiiji toowndu nduu ina foti yuurnitaade golle ministeer ministeer e doole kisal e laamu mawɗo Bola Ige. E lewru suwee 2002, eɓɓaande nde Anyim ardinoo ngam ittude hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Olusegun Obasanjo, yani. Nde o wolwanno hitaande wootere, Anyim wi'i hooreejo lesdi Olusegun Obasanjo faami mo dow kuuje feere amma walaa luural hakkunde maɓɓe. E lewru ut 2002, o wiyi o saliima denndaangal jogiiɓe jappeere hannde ndee - haa arti noon e makko - yahde manndaa ɗiɗaɓo. E lewru noowammbar 2002, Anyim dartini senateer Arthur Nzeribe mo diiwaan Imo haa laaɓi cer, sabu tuumeede fenaande N22 miliyoŋ. Nzeribe wiyi ina jogori waɗde feere ngam ittude Anyim.Lewru nduu tan, caggal nde Anyim wullitii e Komisariyaa toppitiiɗo ko fayti e njulaagu e bonanndeeji goɗɗi jowitiiɗi heen (ICPC), Senaa sosi goomu ngam ƴeewtaade jokkugol golle komisariyaa oo. E lewru mee 2003, Anyim jeertinii ñaawoowo to Ñaawirde Toownde Abuja, hono Justice Egbo Egbo, wonde parlemaa ina jogii mbaawka yamirde nanngugol makko sabu luulndaade mo Senaa ƴetti sariya ICPC ngam haɓaade fenaande. Caggal golle Anyim ɗaɓɓaani woote gardagol leydi e hitaande 2003, sibu omo anndi no feewi wonde e les njiimaandi Obasanjo, o majjat, o majjat ​​deposit makko e nder golle ɗee. Ko ɗum waɗi, e nokku ɗo o fotnoo haɓaade, o mooftii jawdi ngam kanndidaaji ANPP to diiwaan Ebonyi ngam haɓaade lannda makko. Wonnde sahaaji caggal nde o yalti laamu, galle makko keeriiɗo to Abuja, feccere mum ko ƴattaade ngam ƴattaade peeje mawɗe Abuja. Ko o hooreejo Senaa, Senator Anyim haɓi e Gomnaajo jooɗiiɗo lesdi Ebonyi, Samuel Ominyi Egwu, haa o darni, wuro Anyim fuɗi. Feere hakkunde maɓɓe nde ko primitive haa ko ina wiyee wonde kaɓirgal Anyim ngal ina waɗi parade e nder Abakaliki, laamorgo leydi ndii. Bana SGF, woodi jokkindiral cemmbiɗngal hakkunde Anyim e guwerneer lesdi Ebonyi, Martin Elechi. Wuro Anyim ina ɓuuɓtoo, ina waɗi indigeneeji keewɗi e nder egguɓe. O suɓaama diga hooreejo lesdi Naajeeriya, Goodluck Jonathan ngam ardungal juulde Centenary nde Naajeeriya anndini lesdi ndi lesdi Biritaniya. Anyim laati kanndidaajo nder suɓol hooreejo PDP nder lewru January 2008. E lewru Noowammbar 2007, hooreejo chapter PDP mo lesdi Kaduna wi'i o heɓan suɓol delegaasiyoŋ lesdi Kaduna fuu haa kawtal ngal. E lewru Yarkomaa 2008, Ligue des avocats patriotiques jaɓi kanndidaagal makko. O heɓi kadi ballal e fedde sukaaɓe lannda demokaraasi yimɓe. Kono e joofnirde laamɗo biyeteeɗo Vincent Ogbulafor toɗɗaama hooreejo PDP. E lewru Yarkomaa 2010, o ardii delegaasiyoŋ 41 mawɗo leydi Naajeeriya, ɓe noddi hooreejo leydi ndi'i, Umaru Yar'Adua, ngam o hokka ɓataake dow ko laarani soynde lesdi Naajeeriya ngam hisnugo demokaraasi lesdi ndi'i diga ɓillaaji. O yetti Senaa nde ɓe ƴetti kuulal ñalnde 9 feebariyee 2010 ngam waɗtude cukko hooreejo leydi Goodluck Jonathan hooreejo leydi jooɗiiɗo. E lewru mee 2011, Pius Anyim toɗɗaa koolaaɗo kuuɓal laamu Fedde nde (SGF). Njeenaaje Koolaaɗo kuuɓal leydi Niiseer (GCON) Ƴeew kadi Doggol yimɓe ummoriiɓe diiwaan Ebonyi Tuugnorgal 67dl5io95zh4uqnif3l8el5flkknaix 180750 180749 2026-08-04T12:42:28Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180750 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Anyim Pius Anyim GCON''' (jibinaa ko 19 lewru feebariyee 1961) ko siyaasaajo leydi Naajeeriya, o laati hooreejo 9ɓo nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi Naajeeriya diga hitaande 2000 haa 2003, o laatino binndoowo laamu lesdi Naajeeriya (SGF) wakkati laamu Goodluck Jonathan. O suɓaama Senator dow laylaytol lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP) nder hitaande 1999 ngam lesdi Ebonyi Sud haa lesdi Ebonyi e toɗɗaa hooreejo Senaa e lewru ut 2000. Ɓawo Anyim jibinaa ko ñalnde 19 feebariyee 1961 to Ishiagu, renndo katolik en ɓurngo heewde e nder diiwaan laamu Ivo to diiwaan Ebonyi O janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ishiagu (St Koolaaɗo kuuɓal, Taskaram mooɓondiral sukaaɓe e nder diiwaan Sokoto. E hitaande 1992, Anyim wonti hooreejo departemaa ndeenka to Komiseer ngenndiijo toppitiiɗo ko fayti e mooliiɓe, Abuja, golle ɗe ina mbaɗi golle sariya e ndeenka politik wonande mooliiɓe. E nder ngalɗoo daawal, o yahri ko e nokkuuji keewɗi e winndere ndee. E hitaande 1998, Anyim naati e lannda Kongres Nijeer (UNCP) o heɓi njeenaari wooteeji Senaa. Kono maayde Seneraal Sani Abacha ñalnde 8 suwee 1998 bonni njeñtudi ndii. E laamu mbayliigu Seneraal Abdulsalami Abubakar, o naati e lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) o arti kadi e wooteeji Senaa e hitaande 1999. Golle Senaa Anyim suɓaama nder Senaa lesdi Naajeeriya nder lewru May 1999, ɓaawo man suɓaama bee hukuumaaji maako ngam o laatoo hooreejo Senaa nder lewru Ogost 2000, ɓaawo Chuba Okadigbo woppi laamu, jogaade golle haa lewru mee 2003. E lewru mee 2001, Anyim hollitii wonde suudu sarɗiiji toowndu nduu ina foti yuurnitaade golle ministeer ministeer e doole kisal e laamu mawɗo Bola Ige. E lewru suwee 2002, eɓɓaande nde Anyim ardinoo ngam ittude hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Olusegun Obasanjo, yani. Nde o wolwanno hitaande wootere, Anyim wi'i hooreejo lesdi Olusegun Obasanjo faami mo dow kuuje feere amma walaa luural hakkunde maɓɓe. E lewru ut 2002, o wiyi o saliima denndaangal jogiiɓe jappeere hannde ndee - haa arti noon e makko - yahde manndaa ɗiɗaɓo. E lewru noowammbar 2002, Anyim dartini senateer Arthur Nzeribe mo diiwaan Imo haa laaɓi cer, sabu tuumeede fenaande N22 miliyoŋ. Nzeribe wiyi ina jogori waɗde feere ngam ittude Anyim. Lewru nduu tan, caggal nde Anyim wullitii e Komisariyaa toppitiiɗo ko fayti e njulaagu e bonanndeeji goɗɗi jowitiiɗi heen (ICPC), Senaa sosi goomu ngam ƴeewtaade jokkugol golle komisariyaa oo. E lewru mee 2003, Anyim jeertinii ñaawoowo to Ñaawirde Toownde Abuja, hono Justice Egbo Egbo, wonde parlemaa ina jogii mbaawka yamirde nanngugol makko sabu luulndaade mo Senaa ƴetti sariya ICPC ngam haɓaade fenaande. Caggal golle Anyim ɗaɓɓaani woote gardagol leydi e hitaande 2003, sibu omo anndi no feewi wonde e les njiimaandi Obasanjo, o majjat, o majjat ​​deposit makko e nder golle ɗee. Ko ɗum waɗi, e nokku ɗo o fotnoo haɓaade, o mooftii jawdi ngam kanndidaaji ANPP to diiwaan Ebonyi ngam haɓaade lannda makko. Wonnde sahaaji caggal nde o yalti laamu, galle makko keeriiɗo to Abuja, feccere mum ko ƴattaade ngam ƴattaade peeje mawɗe Abuja. Ko o hooreejo Senaa, Senator Anyim haɓi e Gomnaajo jooɗiiɗo lesdi Ebonyi, Samuel Ominyi Egwu, haa o darni, wuro Anyim fuɗi. Feere hakkunde maɓɓe nde ko primitive haa ko ina wiyee wonde kaɓirgal Anyim ngal ina waɗi parade e nder Abakaliki, laamorgo leydi ndii. Bana SGF, woodi jokkindiral cemmbiɗngal hakkunde Anyim e guwerneer lesdi Ebonyi, Martin Elechi. Wuro Anyim ina ɓuuɓtoo, ina waɗi indigeneeji keewɗi e nder egguɓe. O suɓaama diga hooreejo lesdi Naajeeriya, Goodluck Jonathan ngam ardungal juulde Centenary nde Naajeeriya anndini lesdi ndi lesdi Biritaniya. Anyim laati kanndidaajo nder suɓol hooreejo PDP nder lewru January 2008. E lewru Noowammbar 2007, hooreejo chapter PDP mo lesdi Kaduna wi'i o heɓan suɓol delegaasiyoŋ lesdi Kaduna fuu haa kawtal ngal. E lewru Yarkomaa 2008, Ligue des avocats patriotiques jaɓi kanndidaagal makko. O heɓi kadi ballal e fedde sukaaɓe lannda demokaraasi yimɓe. Kono e joofnirde laamɗo biyeteeɗo Vincent Ogbulafor toɗɗaama hooreejo PDP. E lewru Yarkomaa 2010, o ardii delegaasiyoŋ 41 mawɗo leydi Naajeeriya, ɓe noddi hooreejo leydi ndi'i, Umaru Yar'Adua, ngam o hokka ɓataake dow ko laarani soynde lesdi Naajeeriya ngam hisnugo demokaraasi lesdi ndi'i diga ɓillaaji. O yetti Senaa nde ɓe ƴetti kuulal ñalnde 9 feebariyee 2010 ngam waɗtude cukko hooreejo leydi Goodluck Jonathan hooreejo leydi jooɗiiɗo. E lewru mee 2011, Pius Anyim toɗɗaa koolaaɗo kuuɓal laamu Fedde nde (SGF). Njeenaaje Koolaaɗo kuuɓal leydi Niiseer (GCON) == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol yimɓe ummoriiɓe diiwaan Ebonyi == Tuugnorgal == hohvmwhl1uw0y2huacfdhhfjnwz7i1e 180751 180750 2026-08-04T12:44:14Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180751 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Anyim Pius Anyim GCON''' (jibinaa ko 19 lewru feebariyee 1961) ko siyaasaajo leydi Naajeeriya, o laati hooreejo 9ɓo nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi Naajeeriya diga hitaande 2000 haa 2003, o laatino binndoowo laamu lesdi Naajeeriya (SGF) wakkati laamu Goodluck Jonathan. O suɓaama Senator dow laylaytol lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP) nder hitaande 1999 ngam lesdi Ebonyi Sud haa lesdi Ebonyi e toɗɗaa hooreejo Senaa e lewru ut 2000. Ɓawo Anyim jibinaa ko ñalnde 19 feebariyee 1961 to Ishiagu, renndo katolik en ɓurngo heewde e nder diiwaan laamu Ivo to diiwaan Ebonyi O janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ishiagu (St Koolaaɗo kuuɓal, Taskaram mooɓondiral sukaaɓe e nder diiwaan Sokoto.<ref>[http://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/05/anyin-pius-anyim-appointed-sgf/ Vanguard news, Anyim appointed new SGF]</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=30 May 2015|title=SENATE PRESIDENCY: The Journey So Far|url=https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/senate-presidency-the-journey-so-far/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=16 July 2020|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/872987.stm|title=BBC News {{!}} AFRICA {{!}} New leader for Nigerian senate|website=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=3 April 2020}}</ref> E hitaande 1992, Anyim wonti hooreejo departemaa ndeenka to Komiseer ngenndiijo toppitiiɗo ko fayti e mooliiɓe, Abuja, golle ɗe ina mbaɗi golle sariya e ndeenka politik wonande mooliiɓe. E nder ngalɗoo daawal, o yahri ko e nokkuuji keewɗi e winndere ndee. E hitaande 1998, Anyim naati e lannda Kongres Nijeer (UNCP) o heɓi njeenaari wooteeji Senaa. Kono maayde Seneraal Sani Abacha ñalnde 8 suwee 1998 bonni njeñtudi ndii. E laamu mbayliigu Seneraal Abdulsalami Abubakar, o naati e lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) o arti kadi e wooteeji Senaa e hitaande 1999. Golle Senaa Anyim suɓaama nder Senaa lesdi Naajeeriya nder lewru May 1999, ɓaawo man suɓaama bee hukuumaaji maako ngam o laatoo hooreejo Senaa nder lewru Ogost 2000, ɓaawo Chuba Okadigbo woppi laamu, jogaade golle haa lewru mee 2003. E lewru mee 2001, Anyim hollitii wonde suudu sarɗiiji toowndu nduu ina foti yuurnitaade golle ministeer ministeer e doole kisal e laamu mawɗo Bola Ige. E lewru suwee 2002, eɓɓaande nde Anyim ardinoo ngam ittude hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Olusegun Obasanjo, yani. Nde o wolwanno hitaande wootere, Anyim wi'i hooreejo lesdi Olusegun Obasanjo faami mo dow kuuje feere amma walaa luural hakkunde maɓɓe. E lewru ut 2002, o wiyi o saliima denndaangal jogiiɓe jappeere hannde ndee - haa arti noon e makko - yahde manndaa ɗiɗaɓo. E lewru noowammbar 2002, Anyim dartini senateer Arthur Nzeribe mo diiwaan Imo haa laaɓi cer, sabu tuumeede fenaande N22 miliyoŋ. Nzeribe wiyi ina jogori waɗde feere ngam ittude Anyim. Lewru nduu tan, caggal nde Anyim wullitii e Komisariyaa toppitiiɗo ko fayti e njulaagu e bonanndeeji goɗɗi jowitiiɗi heen (ICPC), Senaa sosi goomu ngam ƴeewtaade jokkugol golle komisariyaa oo. E lewru mee 2003, Anyim jeertinii ñaawoowo to Ñaawirde Toownde Abuja, hono Justice Egbo Egbo, wonde parlemaa ina jogii mbaawka yamirde nanngugol makko sabu luulndaade mo Senaa ƴetti sariya ICPC ngam haɓaade fenaande. Caggal golle Anyim ɗaɓɓaani woote gardagol leydi e hitaande 2003, sibu omo anndi no feewi wonde e les njiimaandi Obasanjo, o majjat, o majjat ​​deposit makko e nder golle ɗee. Ko ɗum waɗi, e nokku ɗo o fotnoo haɓaade, o mooftii jawdi ngam kanndidaaji ANPP to diiwaan Ebonyi ngam haɓaade lannda makko. Wonnde sahaaji caggal nde o yalti laamu, galle makko keeriiɗo to Abuja, feccere mum ko ƴattaade ngam ƴattaade peeje mawɗe Abuja. Ko o hooreejo Senaa, Senator Anyim haɓi e Gomnaajo jooɗiiɗo lesdi Ebonyi, Samuel Ominyi Egwu, haa o darni, wuro Anyim fuɗi. Feere hakkunde maɓɓe nde ko primitive haa ko ina wiyee wonde kaɓirgal Anyim ngal ina waɗi parade e nder Abakaliki, laamorgo leydi ndii. Bana SGF, woodi jokkindiral cemmbiɗngal hakkunde Anyim e guwerneer lesdi Ebonyi, Martin Elechi. Wuro Anyim ina ɓuuɓtoo, ina waɗi indigeneeji keewɗi e nder egguɓe. O suɓaama diga hooreejo lesdi Naajeeriya, Goodluck Jonathan ngam ardungal juulde Centenary nde Naajeeriya anndini lesdi ndi lesdi Biritaniya. Anyim laati kanndidaajo nder suɓol hooreejo PDP nder lewru January 2008. E lewru Noowammbar 2007, hooreejo chapter PDP mo lesdi Kaduna wi'i o heɓan suɓol delegaasiyoŋ lesdi Kaduna fuu haa kawtal ngal. E lewru Yarkomaa 2008, Ligue des avocats patriotiques jaɓi kanndidaagal makko. O heɓi kadi ballal e fedde sukaaɓe lannda demokaraasi yimɓe. Kono e joofnirde laamɗo biyeteeɗo Vincent Ogbulafor toɗɗaama hooreejo PDP. E lewru Yarkomaa 2010, o ardii delegaasiyoŋ 41 mawɗo leydi Naajeeriya, ɓe noddi hooreejo leydi ndi'i, Umaru Yar'Adua, ngam o hokka ɓataake dow ko laarani soynde lesdi Naajeeriya ngam hisnugo demokaraasi lesdi ndi'i diga ɓillaaji. O yetti Senaa nde ɓe ƴetti kuulal ñalnde 9 feebariyee 2010 ngam waɗtude cukko hooreejo leydi Goodluck Jonathan hooreejo leydi jooɗiiɗo. E lewru mee 2011, Pius Anyim toɗɗaa koolaaɗo kuuɓal laamu Fedde nde (SGF). Njeenaaje Koolaaɗo kuuɓal leydi Niiseer (GCON) == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol yimɓe ummoriiɓe diiwaan Ebonyi == Tuugnorgal == 8fn4zab96wya24z2mnxmkpuwgktp0fl 180752 180751 2026-08-04T12:46:29Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180752 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Anyim Pius Anyim GCON''' (jibinaa ko 19 lewru feebariyee 1961) ko siyaasaajo leydi Naajeeriya, o laati hooreejo 9ɓo nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi Naajeeriya diga hitaande 2000 haa 2003, o laatino binndoowo laamu lesdi Naajeeriya (SGF) wakkati laamu Goodluck Jonathan. O suɓaama Senator dow laylaytol lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP) nder hitaande 1999 ngam lesdi Ebonyi Sud haa lesdi Ebonyi e toɗɗaa hooreejo Senaa e lewru ut 2000. Ɓawo Anyim jibinaa ko ñalnde 19 feebariyee 1961 to Ishiagu, renndo katolik en ɓurngo heewde e nder diiwaan laamu Ivo to diiwaan Ebonyi O janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ishiagu (St Koolaaɗo kuuɓal, Taskaram mooɓondiral sukaaɓe e nder diiwaan Sokoto.<ref>[http://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/05/anyin-pius-anyim-appointed-sgf/ Vanguard news, Anyim appointed new SGF]</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=30 May 2015|title=SENATE PRESIDENCY: The Journey So Far|url=https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/senate-presidency-the-journey-so-far/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=16 July 2020|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/872987.stm|title=BBC News {{!}} AFRICA {{!}} New leader for Nigerian senate|website=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=3 April 2020}}</ref> E hitaande 1992, Anyim wonti hooreejo departemaa ndeenka to Komiseer ngenndiijo toppitiiɗo ko fayti e mooliiɓe, Abuja, golle ɗe ina mbaɗi golle sariya e ndeenka politik wonande mooliiɓe.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|title=Anyim Pius Anyim appointed SGF|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/05/anyin-pius-anyim-appointed-sgf/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|date=30 May 2011|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-US|access-date=30 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Maduawuchi|title=Biography Of Anyim Pius Anyim: Former Senate President of Nigeria|url=https://nigerianinfopedia.com/biography-anyim-pius-anyim-former-senate-president-nigeria/|access-date=16 July 2020|website=Nigerian Infopedia|language=en-GB}}</ref> E nder ngalɗoo daawal, o yahri ko e nokkuuji keewɗi e winndere ndee. E hitaande 1998, Anyim naati e lannda Kongres Nijeer (UNCP) o heɓi njeenaari wooteeji Senaa. Kono maayde Seneraal Sani Abacha ñalnde 8 suwee 1998 bonni njeñtudi ndii. E laamu mbayliigu Seneraal Abdulsalami Abubakar, o naati e lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) o arti kadi e wooteeji Senaa e hitaande 1999. Golle Senaa Anyim suɓaama nder Senaa lesdi Naajeeriya nder lewru May 1999, ɓaawo man suɓaama bee hukuumaaji maako ngam o laatoo hooreejo Senaa nder lewru Ogost 2000, ɓaawo Chuba Okadigbo woppi laamu, jogaade golle haa lewru mee 2003. E lewru mee 2001, Anyim hollitii wonde suudu sarɗiiji toowndu nduu ina foti yuurnitaade golle ministeer ministeer e doole kisal e laamu mawɗo Bola Ige. E lewru suwee 2002, eɓɓaande nde Anyim ardinoo ngam ittude hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Olusegun Obasanjo, yani. Nde o wolwanno hitaande wootere, Anyim wi'i hooreejo lesdi Olusegun Obasanjo faami mo dow kuuje feere amma walaa luural hakkunde maɓɓe. E lewru ut 2002, o wiyi o saliima denndaangal jogiiɓe jappeere hannde ndee - haa arti noon e makko - yahde manndaa ɗiɗaɓo. E lewru noowammbar 2002, Anyim dartini senateer Arthur Nzeribe mo diiwaan Imo haa laaɓi cer, sabu tuumeede fenaande N22 miliyoŋ. Nzeribe wiyi ina jogori waɗde feere ngam ittude Anyim. Lewru nduu tan, caggal nde Anyim wullitii e Komisariyaa toppitiiɗo ko fayti e njulaagu e bonanndeeji goɗɗi jowitiiɗi heen (ICPC), Senaa sosi goomu ngam ƴeewtaade jokkugol golle komisariyaa oo. E lewru mee 2003, Anyim jeertinii ñaawoowo to Ñaawirde Toownde Abuja, hono Justice Egbo Egbo, wonde parlemaa ina jogii mbaawka yamirde nanngugol makko sabu luulndaade mo Senaa ƴetti sariya ICPC ngam haɓaade fenaande. Caggal golle Anyim ɗaɓɓaani woote gardagol leydi e hitaande 2003, sibu omo anndi no feewi wonde e les njiimaandi Obasanjo, o majjat, o majjat ​​deposit makko e nder golle ɗee. Ko ɗum waɗi, e nokku ɗo o fotnoo haɓaade, o mooftii jawdi ngam kanndidaaji ANPP to diiwaan Ebonyi ngam haɓaade lannda makko. Wonnde sahaaji caggal nde o yalti laamu, galle makko keeriiɗo to Abuja, feccere mum ko ƴattaade ngam ƴattaade peeje mawɗe Abuja. Ko o hooreejo Senaa, Senator Anyim haɓi e Gomnaajo jooɗiiɗo lesdi Ebonyi, Samuel Ominyi Egwu, haa o darni, wuro Anyim fuɗi. Feere hakkunde maɓɓe nde ko primitive haa ko ina wiyee wonde kaɓirgal Anyim ngal ina waɗi parade e nder Abakaliki, laamorgo leydi ndii. Bana SGF, woodi jokkindiral cemmbiɗngal hakkunde Anyim e guwerneer lesdi Ebonyi, Martin Elechi. Wuro Anyim ina ɓuuɓtoo, ina waɗi indigeneeji keewɗi e nder egguɓe. O suɓaama diga hooreejo lesdi Naajeeriya, Goodluck Jonathan ngam ardungal juulde Centenary nde Naajeeriya anndini lesdi ndi lesdi Biritaniya. Anyim laati kanndidaajo nder suɓol hooreejo PDP nder lewru January 2008. E lewru Noowammbar 2007, hooreejo chapter PDP mo lesdi Kaduna wi'i o heɓan suɓol delegaasiyoŋ lesdi Kaduna fuu haa kawtal ngal. E lewru Yarkomaa 2008, Ligue des avocats patriotiques jaɓi kanndidaagal makko. O heɓi kadi ballal e fedde sukaaɓe lannda demokaraasi yimɓe. Kono e joofnirde laamɗo biyeteeɗo Vincent Ogbulafor toɗɗaama hooreejo PDP. E lewru Yarkomaa 2010, o ardii delegaasiyoŋ 41 mawɗo leydi Naajeeriya, ɓe noddi hooreejo leydi ndi'i, Umaru Yar'Adua, ngam o hokka ɓataake dow ko laarani soynde lesdi Naajeeriya ngam hisnugo demokaraasi lesdi ndi'i diga ɓillaaji. O yetti Senaa nde ɓe ƴetti kuulal ñalnde 9 feebariyee 2010 ngam waɗtude cukko hooreejo leydi Goodluck Jonathan hooreejo leydi jooɗiiɗo. E lewru mee 2011, Pius Anyim toɗɗaa koolaaɗo kuuɓal laamu Fedde nde (SGF). Njeenaaje Koolaaɗo kuuɓal leydi Niiseer (GCON) == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol yimɓe ummoriiɓe diiwaan Ebonyi == Tuugnorgal == loorluhqz4ypshnvli4y4jvjben6j5o 180753 180752 2026-08-04T12:47:40Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180753 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Anyim Pius Anyim GCON''' (jibinaa ko 19 lewru feebariyee 1961) ko siyaasaajo leydi Naajeeriya, o laati hooreejo 9ɓo nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi Naajeeriya diga hitaande 2000 haa 2003, o laatino binndoowo laamu lesdi Naajeeriya (SGF) wakkati laamu Goodluck Jonathan. O suɓaama Senator dow laylaytol lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP) nder hitaande 1999 ngam lesdi Ebonyi Sud haa lesdi Ebonyi e toɗɗaa hooreejo Senaa e lewru ut 2000. Ɓawo Anyim jibinaa ko ñalnde 19 feebariyee 1961 to Ishiagu, renndo katolik en ɓurngo heewde e nder diiwaan laamu Ivo to diiwaan Ebonyi O janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ishiagu (St Koolaaɗo kuuɓal, Taskaram mooɓondiral sukaaɓe e nder diiwaan Sokoto.<ref>[http://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/05/anyin-pius-anyim-appointed-sgf/ Vanguard news, Anyim appointed new SGF]</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=30 May 2015|title=SENATE PRESIDENCY: The Journey So Far|url=https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/senate-presidency-the-journey-so-far/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=16 July 2020|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/872987.stm|title=BBC News {{!}} AFRICA {{!}} New leader for Nigerian senate|website=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=3 April 2020}}</ref> E hitaande 1992, Anyim wonti hooreejo departemaa ndeenka to Komiseer ngenndiijo toppitiiɗo ko fayti e mooliiɓe, Abuja, golle ɗe ina mbaɗi golle sariya e ndeenka politik wonande mooliiɓe.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|title=Anyim Pius Anyim appointed SGF|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/05/anyin-pius-anyim-appointed-sgf/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|date=30 May 2011|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-US|access-date=30 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Maduawuchi|title=Biography Of Anyim Pius Anyim: Former Senate President of Nigeria|url=https://nigerianinfopedia.com/biography-anyim-pius-anyim-former-senate-president-nigeria/|access-date=16 July 2020|website=Nigerian Infopedia|language=en-GB}}</ref> E nder ngalɗoo daawal, o yahri ko e nokkuuji keewɗi e winndere ndee. E hitaande 1998, Anyim naati e lannda Kongres Nijeer (UNCP) o heɓi njeenaari wooteeji Senaa.,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2000/WORLD/africa/08/09/nigeria.senate.reut/|title=CNN.com - Nigerian senate president impeached after corruption inquiry - August 9, 2000|website=CNN|access-date=3 April 2020}}</ref><ref name=":02" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201001110722.html|title=What Will David Mark Be Remembered For?|work=Vanguard|author=Emmanuel Aziken|date=9 January 2010|access-date=27 February 2010}}</ref> Kono maayde Seneraal Sani Abacha ñalnde 8 suwee 1998 bonni njeñtudi ndii. E laamu mbayliigu Seneraal Abdulsalami Abubakar, o naati e lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) o arti kadi e wooteeji Senaa e hitaande 1999. Golle Senaa Anyim suɓaama nder Senaa lesdi Naajeeriya nder lewru May 1999, ɓaawo man suɓaama bee hukuumaaji maako ngam o laatoo hooreejo Senaa nder lewru Ogost 2000, ɓaawo Chuba Okadigbo woppi laamu, jogaade golle haa lewru mee 2003. E lewru mee 2001, Anyim hollitii wonde suudu sarɗiiji toowndu nduu ina foti yuurnitaade golle ministeer ministeer e doole kisal e laamu mawɗo Bola Ige. E lewru suwee 2002, eɓɓaande nde Anyim ardinoo ngam ittude hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Olusegun Obasanjo, yani. Nde o wolwanno hitaande wootere, Anyim wi'i hooreejo lesdi Olusegun Obasanjo faami mo dow kuuje feere amma walaa luural hakkunde maɓɓe. E lewru ut 2002, o wiyi o saliima denndaangal jogiiɓe jappeere hannde ndee - haa arti noon e makko - yahde manndaa ɗiɗaɓo. E lewru noowammbar 2002, Anyim dartini senateer Arthur Nzeribe mo diiwaan Imo haa laaɓi cer, sabu tuumeede fenaande N22 miliyoŋ. Nzeribe wiyi ina jogori waɗde feere ngam ittude Anyim. Lewru nduu tan, caggal nde Anyim wullitii e Komisariyaa toppitiiɗo ko fayti e njulaagu e bonanndeeji goɗɗi jowitiiɗi heen (ICPC), Senaa sosi goomu ngam ƴeewtaade jokkugol golle komisariyaa oo. E lewru mee 2003, Anyim jeertinii ñaawoowo to Ñaawirde Toownde Abuja, hono Justice Egbo Egbo, wonde parlemaa ina jogii mbaawka yamirde nanngugol makko sabu luulndaade mo Senaa ƴetti sariya ICPC ngam haɓaade fenaande. Caggal golle Anyim ɗaɓɓaani woote gardagol leydi e hitaande 2003, sibu omo anndi no feewi wonde e les njiimaandi Obasanjo, o majjat, o majjat ​​deposit makko e nder golle ɗee. Ko ɗum waɗi, e nokku ɗo o fotnoo haɓaade, o mooftii jawdi ngam kanndidaaji ANPP to diiwaan Ebonyi ngam haɓaade lannda makko. Wonnde sahaaji caggal nde o yalti laamu, galle makko keeriiɗo to Abuja, feccere mum ko ƴattaade ngam ƴattaade peeje mawɗe Abuja. Ko o hooreejo Senaa, Senator Anyim haɓi e Gomnaajo jooɗiiɗo lesdi Ebonyi, Samuel Ominyi Egwu, haa o darni, wuro Anyim fuɗi. Feere hakkunde maɓɓe nde ko primitive haa ko ina wiyee wonde kaɓirgal Anyim ngal ina waɗi parade e nder Abakaliki, laamorgo leydi ndii. Bana SGF, woodi jokkindiral cemmbiɗngal hakkunde Anyim e guwerneer lesdi Ebonyi, Martin Elechi. Wuro Anyim ina ɓuuɓtoo, ina waɗi indigeneeji keewɗi e nder egguɓe. O suɓaama diga hooreejo lesdi Naajeeriya, Goodluck Jonathan ngam ardungal juulde Centenary nde Naajeeriya anndini lesdi ndi lesdi Biritaniya. Anyim laati kanndidaajo nder suɓol hooreejo PDP nder lewru January 2008. E lewru Noowammbar 2007, hooreejo chapter PDP mo lesdi Kaduna wi'i o heɓan suɓol delegaasiyoŋ lesdi Kaduna fuu haa kawtal ngal. E lewru Yarkomaa 2008, Ligue des avocats patriotiques jaɓi kanndidaagal makko. O heɓi kadi ballal e fedde sukaaɓe lannda demokaraasi yimɓe. Kono e joofnirde laamɗo biyeteeɗo Vincent Ogbulafor toɗɗaama hooreejo PDP. E lewru Yarkomaa 2010, o ardii delegaasiyoŋ 41 mawɗo leydi Naajeeriya, ɓe noddi hooreejo leydi ndi'i, Umaru Yar'Adua, ngam o hokka ɓataake dow ko laarani soynde lesdi Naajeeriya ngam hisnugo demokaraasi lesdi ndi'i diga ɓillaaji. O yetti Senaa nde ɓe ƴetti kuulal ñalnde 9 feebariyee 2010 ngam waɗtude cukko hooreejo leydi Goodluck Jonathan hooreejo leydi jooɗiiɗo. E lewru mee 2011, Pius Anyim toɗɗaa koolaaɗo kuuɓal laamu Fedde nde (SGF). Njeenaaje Koolaaɗo kuuɓal leydi Niiseer (GCON) == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol yimɓe ummoriiɓe diiwaan Ebonyi == Tuugnorgal == g3yzhiqq6bglkfoa1jzpyueumgu0155 180754 180753 2026-08-04T12:49:13Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180754 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Anyim Pius Anyim GCON''' (jibinaa ko 19 lewru feebariyee 1961) ko siyaasaajo leydi Naajeeriya, o laati hooreejo 9ɓo nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi Naajeeriya diga hitaande 2000 haa 2003, o laatino binndoowo laamu lesdi Naajeeriya (SGF) wakkati laamu Goodluck Jonathan. O suɓaama Senator dow laylaytol lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP) nder hitaande 1999 ngam lesdi Ebonyi Sud haa lesdi Ebonyi e toɗɗaa hooreejo Senaa e lewru ut 2000. Ɓawo Anyim jibinaa ko ñalnde 19 feebariyee 1961 to Ishiagu, renndo katolik en ɓurngo heewde e nder diiwaan laamu Ivo to diiwaan Ebonyi O janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ishiagu (St Koolaaɗo kuuɓal, Taskaram mooɓondiral sukaaɓe e nder diiwaan Sokoto.<ref>[http://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/05/anyin-pius-anyim-appointed-sgf/ Vanguard news, Anyim appointed new SGF]</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=30 May 2015|title=SENATE PRESIDENCY: The Journey So Far|url=https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/senate-presidency-the-journey-so-far/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=16 July 2020|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/872987.stm|title=BBC News {{!}} AFRICA {{!}} New leader for Nigerian senate|website=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=3 April 2020}}</ref> E hitaande 1992, Anyim wonti hooreejo departemaa ndeenka to Komiseer ngenndiijo toppitiiɗo ko fayti e mooliiɓe, Abuja, golle ɗe ina mbaɗi golle sariya e ndeenka politik wonande mooliiɓe.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|title=Anyim Pius Anyim appointed SGF|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/05/anyin-pius-anyim-appointed-sgf/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|date=30 May 2011|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-US|access-date=30 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Maduawuchi|title=Biography Of Anyim Pius Anyim: Former Senate President of Nigeria|url=https://nigerianinfopedia.com/biography-anyim-pius-anyim-former-senate-president-nigeria/|access-date=16 July 2020|website=Nigerian Infopedia|language=en-GB}}</ref> E nder ngalɗoo daawal, o yahri ko e nokkuuji keewɗi e winndere ndee. E hitaande 1998, Anyim naati e lannda Kongres Nijeer (UNCP) o heɓi njeenaari wooteeji Senaa.,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2000/WORLD/africa/08/09/nigeria.senate.reut/|title=CNN.com - Nigerian senate president impeached after corruption inquiry - August 9, 2000|website=CNN|access-date=3 April 2020}}</ref><ref name=":02" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201001110722.html|title=What Will David Mark Be Remembered For?|work=Vanguard|author=Emmanuel Aziken|date=9 January 2010|access-date=27 February 2010}}</ref> Kono maayde Seneraal Sani Abacha ñalnde 8 suwee 1998 bonni njeñtudi ndii. E laamu mbayliigu Seneraal Abdulsalami Abubakar, o naati e lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) o arti kadi e wooteeji Senaa e hitaande 1999..<ref>{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200211200559.html|title=Anyim Vs Nzeribe, Another Rumble in the Jungle|work=Vanguard|author=Olorunnimbe Farukanmi|date=20 November 2002|access-date=27 February 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200211200141.html|title=Senate Moves to Scrap Anti-Graft Panel|work=ThisDay|author=Bature Umar And Kola Ologbondiyan|date=20 November 2002|access-date=27 February 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200305120099.html|title=ICPC Act: Anyim Threatens Judge's Arrest|work=Daily Trust|author=Shakirat Abdulmajeed|date=12 May 2003|access-date=27 February 2010}}</ref> Golle Senaa Anyim suɓaama nder Senaa lesdi Naajeeriya nder lewru May 1999, ɓaawo man suɓaama bee hukuumaaji maako ngam o laatoo hooreejo Senaa nder lewru Ogost 2000, ɓaawo Chuba Okadigbo woppi laamu, jogaade golle haa lewru mee 2003. E lewru mee 2001, Anyim hollitii wonde suudu sarɗiiji toowndu nduu ina foti yuurnitaade golle ministeer ministeer e doole kisal e laamu mawɗo Bola Ige. E lewru suwee 2002, eɓɓaande nde Anyim ardinoo ngam ittude hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Olusegun Obasanjo, yani. Nde o wolwanno hitaande wootere, Anyim wi'i hooreejo lesdi Olusegun Obasanjo faami mo dow kuuje feere amma walaa luural hakkunde maɓɓe. E lewru ut 2002, o wiyi o saliima denndaangal jogiiɓe jappeere hannde ndee - haa arti noon e makko - yahde manndaa ɗiɗaɓo. E lewru noowammbar 2002, Anyim dartini senateer Arthur Nzeribe mo diiwaan Imo haa laaɓi cer, sabu tuumeede fenaande N22 miliyoŋ. Nzeribe wiyi ina jogori waɗde feere ngam ittude Anyim. Lewru nduu tan, caggal nde Anyim wullitii e Komisariyaa toppitiiɗo ko fayti e njulaagu e bonanndeeji goɗɗi jowitiiɗi heen (ICPC), Senaa sosi goomu ngam ƴeewtaade jokkugol golle komisariyaa oo. E lewru mee 2003, Anyim jeertinii ñaawoowo to Ñaawirde Toownde Abuja, hono Justice Egbo Egbo, wonde parlemaa ina jogii mbaawka yamirde nanngugol makko sabu luulndaade mo Senaa ƴetti sariya ICPC ngam haɓaade fenaande. Caggal golle Anyim ɗaɓɓaani woote gardagol leydi e hitaande 2003, sibu omo anndi no feewi wonde e les njiimaandi Obasanjo, o majjat, o majjat ​​deposit makko e nder golle ɗee. Ko ɗum waɗi, e nokku ɗo o fotnoo haɓaade, o mooftii jawdi ngam kanndidaaji ANPP to diiwaan Ebonyi ngam haɓaade lannda makko. Wonnde sahaaji caggal nde o yalti laamu, galle makko keeriiɗo to Abuja, feccere mum ko ƴattaade ngam ƴattaade peeje mawɗe Abuja. Ko o hooreejo Senaa, Senator Anyim haɓi e Gomnaajo jooɗiiɗo lesdi Ebonyi, Samuel Ominyi Egwu, haa o darni, wuro Anyim fuɗi. Feere hakkunde maɓɓe nde ko primitive haa ko ina wiyee wonde kaɓirgal Anyim ngal ina waɗi parade e nder Abakaliki, laamorgo leydi ndii. Bana SGF, woodi jokkindiral cemmbiɗngal hakkunde Anyim e guwerneer lesdi Ebonyi, Martin Elechi. Wuro Anyim ina ɓuuɓtoo, ina waɗi indigeneeji keewɗi e nder egguɓe. O suɓaama diga hooreejo lesdi Naajeeriya, Goodluck Jonathan ngam ardungal juulde Centenary nde Naajeeriya anndini lesdi ndi lesdi Biritaniya. Anyim laati kanndidaajo nder suɓol hooreejo PDP nder lewru January 2008. E lewru Noowammbar 2007, hooreejo chapter PDP mo lesdi Kaduna wi'i o heɓan suɓol delegaasiyoŋ lesdi Kaduna fuu haa kawtal ngal. E lewru Yarkomaa 2008, Ligue des avocats patriotiques jaɓi kanndidaagal makko. O heɓi kadi ballal e fedde sukaaɓe lannda demokaraasi yimɓe. Kono e joofnirde laamɗo biyeteeɗo Vincent Ogbulafor toɗɗaama hooreejo PDP. E lewru Yarkomaa 2010, o ardii delegaasiyoŋ 41 mawɗo leydi Naajeeriya, ɓe noddi hooreejo leydi ndi'i, Umaru Yar'Adua, ngam o hokka ɓataake dow ko laarani soynde lesdi Naajeeriya ngam hisnugo demokaraasi lesdi ndi'i diga ɓillaaji. O yetti Senaa nde ɓe ƴetti kuulal ñalnde 9 feebariyee 2010 ngam waɗtude cukko hooreejo leydi Goodluck Jonathan hooreejo leydi jooɗiiɗo. E lewru mee 2011, Pius Anyim toɗɗaa koolaaɗo kuuɓal laamu Fedde nde (SGF). Njeenaaje Koolaaɗo kuuɓal leydi Niiseer (GCON) == Ƴeew kadi == Doggol yimɓe ummoriiɓe diiwaan Ebonyi == Tuugnorgal == 24d6bx8r8a7qyc25zz0yvfgqa4mglpf 0 43394 180761 2026-08-04T13:04:34Z Ilya Discuss 10103 Created page with "Benedikt Bengiuoshuye Ayade CON ((heɗtoR); jibinaa ko ñalnde 2 marse 1968) ko neɗɗo dawruɗo leydi Najeriya, o woniino guwerneer diiwaan Cross River tuggi hitaande 2015 haa hitaande 2023. O woniino senateer to Cross River North gila 2011 haa 2015. Nguurndam gadano O jibinaa ko to Obudu LGA to diiwaan Cross River ñalnde 2 mars 1968, e galle Peter Akinsheye Ayade e Beatrice Ngayi Ayade. O ummii ko e wuro Kakum, Ipong Ward e nder diiwaan laamu Obudu e nder diiwaan Cros..." 180761 wikitext text/x-wiki Benedikt Bengiuoshuye Ayade CON ((heɗtoR); jibinaa ko ñalnde 2 marse 1968) ko neɗɗo dawruɗo leydi Najeriya, o woniino guwerneer diiwaan Cross River tuggi hitaande 2015 haa hitaande 2023. O woniino senateer to Cross River North gila 2011 haa 2015. Nguurndam gadano O jibinaa ko to Obudu LGA to diiwaan Cross River ñalnde 2 mars 1968, e galle Peter Akinsheye Ayade e Beatrice Ngayi Ayade. O ummii ko e wuro Kakum, Ipong Ward e nder diiwaan laamu Obudu e nder diiwaan Cross River, leydi Naajeeriya. Jibnaaɓe makko fof ko katolik en juulɓe. Baaba makko ina gollinoo e laamu e fedde ndiyam. Jaangirde Benedict Ayade heɓi jaŋde mum leslesre to duɗal leslesal St. Stephens, Obudu, o yahri to duɗal hakkundeewal laamu, Obudu, leydi Naajeeriya, ngam jaŋde makko leslesre.[citation needed] Ayade heɓi B.Sc mum. (Teddungal) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan to leydi Nijeer (1984–1988). Ndeen o yahi haa o heɓi M.Sc makko. e nder ganndal mikroo-biyoloji (1989–1990) caggal ɗuum o heɓi doktoraa makko. e nder ganndal mikroo-biyoloji nokkuuji ummoraade e duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Ibadan gootol (1990–1994), heɓi njeenaari Doktoraa ɓurndi moƴƴude e ganndal mikroo-biyoloji nokkuuji. Ayade ina jogii kadi MBA (2000–2002) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ambrose Alli to Ekpoma, to diiwaan Edo. Ayade ko awokaa jogiiɗo LL.B. dipolom sariya (2006–2010) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Delta, to Abraka. Ayade yahi haa o woni jannginoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Delta State, to Abraka, ɗo o toɗɗaa caggal ɗuum porfeseer. Ayade heɓi kadi dipolomaaji mum (LL.B) e sariya to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Calabar, to diiwaan Cross River, leydi Najeriya.. Gila e golle makko e nder reentaade ndiyam les leydi e nder leydi Najeriya, Ayade sosi laylaytol laylaytol ngol ina huutoroo semmbe naange. Toɗɗagol/golle politik Hooreejo Fedde Ekolosii Hooreejo Duɗal Winnderewal Wiɗtooji e Taariindi Tergal e Goomu Wagginoore Politik Stratejik Tergal fedde Innjiilaaji petroŋ leydi Naajeeriya Tergal e fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e baasal e nder diiwaan Cross River Ayade nasti nder siyaasaaku nde o ɗon mari haaje heɓugo jooɗorde nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi Naajeeriya nder cuɓi 2011 bana tergal PDP. Ayade suɓaama e mooftude 91 123 woote.[citation needed] r5fyg9v3ntcaxv8d95fmp7eg24n5tl4 180762 180761 2026-08-04T13:06:15Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180762 wikitext text/x-wiki Benedikt Bengiuoshuye Ayade CON ((heɗtoR); jibinaa ko ñalnde 2 marse 1968) ko neɗɗo dawruɗo leydi Najeriya, o woniino guwerneer diiwaan Cross River tuggi hitaande 2015 haa hitaande 2023. O woniino senateer to Cross River North gila 2011 haa 2015. Nguurndam gadano O jibinaa ko to Obudu LGA to diiwaan Cross River ñalnde 2 mars 1968, e galle Peter Akinsheye Ayade e Beatrice Ngayi Ayade. O ummii ko e wuro Kakum, Ipong Ward e nder diiwaan laamu Obudu e nder diiwaan Cross River, leydi Naajeeriya. Jibnaaɓe makko fof ko katolik en juulɓe. Baaba makko ina gollinoo e laamu e fedde ndiyam. Jaangirde Benedict Ayade heɓi jaŋde mum leslesre to duɗal leslesal St. Stephens, Obudu, o yahri to duɗal hakkundeewal laamu, Obudu, leydi Naajeeriya, ngam jaŋde makko leslesre.[citation needed] Ayade heɓi B.Sc mum. (Teddungal) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan to leydi Nijeer (1984–1988). Ndeen o yahi haa o heɓi M.Sc makko. e nder ganndal mikroo-biyoloji (1989–1990) caggal ɗuum o heɓi doktoraa makko. e nder ganndal mikroo-biyoloji nokkuuji ummoraade e duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Ibadan gootol (1990–1994), heɓi njeenaari Doktoraa ɓurndi moƴƴude e ganndal mikroo-biyoloji nokkuuji. Ayade ina jogii kadi MBA (2000–2002) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ambrose Alli to Ekpoma, to diiwaan Edo. Ayade ko awokaa jogiiɗo LL.B. dipolom sariya (2006–2010) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Delta, to Abraka. Ayade yahi haa o woni jannginoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Delta State, to Abraka, ɗo o toɗɗaa caggal ɗuum porfeseer. Ayade heɓi kadi dipolomaaji mum (LL.B) e sariya to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Calabar, to diiwaan Cross River, leydi Najeriya.. Gila e golle makko e nder reentaade ndiyam les leydi e nder leydi Najeriya, Ayade sosi laylaytol laylaytol ngol ina huutoroo semmbe naange. Toɗɗagol/golle politik Hooreejo Fedde Ekolosii Hooreejo Duɗal Winnderewal Wiɗtooji e Taariindi Tergal e Goomu Wagginoore Politik Stratejik Tergal fedde Innjiilaaji petroŋ leydi Naajeeriya Tergal e fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e baasal e nder diiwaan Cross River Ayade nasti nder siyaasaaku nde o ɗon mari haaje heɓugo jooɗorde nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi Naajeeriya nder cuɓi 2011 bana tergal PDP. Ayade suɓaama e mooftude 91 123 woote.[citation needed] E nder manndaa makko e nder Senaa, Ayade ina joginoo jappeere cukko hooreejo, Goomu Senaa ko faati e taariindi e ekkolosi. O woniino kadi tergal e goomuuji goɗɗi ko wayi no petroŋ dowri, jaŋde, dorog/narkotik/warhoore ekn.[citation needed] Ayade heɓi cuɓol guwerneer kadi dow laylaytol lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) nder wooteeji lewru Abriil 2015 haa lesdi Cross River, nden o heɓi 342,016 woote, o ɓuri kanndidaajo All Progressives Congress nder jiha kan, Odey Ochicha, bee woote 53,983. Ayade fuɗɗiti suɓol guwerneer 2019 ngam o laati tergal lanyol Democratic Party (PDP) nden o suɓaama kadi dow guwerneer diiwal Cross River. E nder hitaande makko sakkitiinde e laamu guwerneer, Ayade foolii jooɗorde senaa Cross River North 2023, o fooli Sen. Jarigbe Agom. Njeenaaje Ayade rokkaama njeenaari guwerneer Vanguard mo hitaande 2016. Ayade rokkaama njeenaari 2019 Champion Jaaynde Guwerneer hitaande. Ayade rokkaama jaaynde Ardorde 2020 Governor hitaande. Ayade kadi rokkaama njeenaari Jaaynde Blueprint Governor hitaande ndee e dow ndema 2021. Njeenaari ndii ko ngam mawninde golle makko e ƴellitaare ndema. Ñalnde 24 lewru bowte hitaande 2019, Ayade waɗtaa e juuɗe Egliis Katolik Roma, Katedraal Sacré-Cœur, jooɗorde Archidiocèse Metropolitain de Calabar, hono « Chevalier de Saint-Jean » (KSJ) hakkunde leyɗeele. E lewru Oktoobar 2022, o rokkaama teddungal ngenndiwal, ko hooreejo leydi Niger (CON) e juuɗe hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Muhammadu Buhari. Nguurndam ɓesngu e neɗɗo Ayade ina resndi Doktoor Linda Ayade, ina jogii ɓiɓɓe 3. Ko o yiɗi ko janngude, fijde e ndaarde pijirlooji, kam e jimɗi. Ƴeew kadi Doggol guwerneeruuji diiwaan Cross River Tuugnorgal 8azsi1adpmzirfs2b7zjq0haus4cig3 180763 180762 2026-08-04T13:06:42Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180763 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}Benedikt Bengiuoshuye Ayade CON ((heɗtoR); jibinaa ko ñalnde 2 marse 1968) ko neɗɗo dawruɗo leydi Najeriya, o woniino guwerneer diiwaan Cross River tuggi hitaande 2015 haa hitaande 2023. O woniino senateer to Cross River North gila 2011 haa 2015. Nguurndam gadano O jibinaa ko to Obudu LGA to diiwaan Cross River ñalnde 2 mars 1968, e galle Peter Akinsheye Ayade e Beatrice Ngayi Ayade. O ummii ko e wuro Kakum, Ipong Ward e nder diiwaan laamu Obudu e nder diiwaan Cross River, leydi Naajeeriya. Jibnaaɓe makko fof ko katolik en juulɓe. Baaba makko ina gollinoo e laamu e fedde ndiyam. Jaangirde Benedict Ayade heɓi jaŋde mum leslesre to duɗal leslesal St. Stephens, Obudu, o yahri to duɗal hakkundeewal laamu, Obudu, leydi Naajeeriya, ngam jaŋde makko leslesre.[citation needed] Ayade heɓi B.Sc mum. (Teddungal) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan to leydi Nijeer (1984–1988). Ndeen o yahi haa o heɓi M.Sc makko. e nder ganndal mikroo-biyoloji (1989–1990) caggal ɗuum o heɓi doktoraa makko. e nder ganndal mikroo-biyoloji nokkuuji ummoraade e duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Ibadan gootol (1990–1994), heɓi njeenaari Doktoraa ɓurndi moƴƴude e ganndal mikroo-biyoloji nokkuuji. Ayade ina jogii kadi MBA (2000–2002) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ambrose Alli to Ekpoma, to diiwaan Edo. Ayade ko awokaa jogiiɗo LL.B. dipolom sariya (2006–2010) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Delta, to Abraka. Ayade yahi haa o woni jannginoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Delta State, to Abraka, ɗo o toɗɗaa caggal ɗuum porfeseer. Ayade heɓi kadi dipolomaaji mum (LL.B) e sariya to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Calabar, to diiwaan Cross River, leydi Najeriya.. Gila e golle makko e nder reentaade ndiyam les leydi e nder leydi Najeriya, Ayade sosi laylaytol laylaytol ngol ina huutoroo semmbe naange. Toɗɗagol/golle politik Hooreejo Fedde Ekolosii Hooreejo Duɗal Winnderewal Wiɗtooji e Taariindi Tergal e Goomu Wagginoore Politik Stratejik Tergal fedde Innjiilaaji petroŋ leydi Naajeeriya Tergal e fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e baasal e nder diiwaan Cross River Ayade nasti nder siyaasaaku nde o ɗon mari haaje heɓugo jooɗorde nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi Naajeeriya nder cuɓi 2011 bana tergal PDP. Ayade suɓaama e mooftude 91 123 woote.[citation needed] E nder manndaa makko e nder Senaa, Ayade ina joginoo jappeere cukko hooreejo, Goomu Senaa ko faati e taariindi e ekkolosi. O woniino kadi tergal e goomuuji goɗɗi ko wayi no petroŋ dowri, jaŋde, dorog/narkotik/warhoore ekn.[citation needed] Ayade heɓi cuɓol guwerneer kadi dow laylaytol lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) nder wooteeji lewru Abriil 2015 haa lesdi Cross River, nden o heɓi 342,016 woote, o ɓuri kanndidaajo All Progressives Congress nder jiha kan, Odey Ochicha, bee woote 53,983. Ayade fuɗɗiti suɓol guwerneer 2019 ngam o laati tergal lanyol Democratic Party (PDP) nden o suɓaama kadi dow guwerneer diiwal Cross River. E nder hitaande makko sakkitiinde e laamu guwerneer, Ayade foolii jooɗorde senaa Cross River North 2023, o fooli Sen. Jarigbe Agom. Njeenaaje Ayade rokkaama njeenaari guwerneer Vanguard mo hitaande 2016. Ayade rokkaama njeenaari 2019 Champion Jaaynde Guwerneer hitaande. Ayade rokkaama jaaynde Ardorde 2020 Governor hitaande. Ayade kadi rokkaama njeenaari Jaaynde Blueprint Governor hitaande ndee e dow ndema 2021. Njeenaari ndii ko ngam mawninde golle makko e ƴellitaare ndema. Ñalnde 24 lewru bowte hitaande 2019, Ayade waɗtaa e juuɗe Egliis Katolik Roma, Katedraal Sacré-Cœur, jooɗorde Archidiocèse Metropolitain de Calabar, hono « Chevalier de Saint-Jean » (KSJ) hakkunde leyɗeele. E lewru Oktoobar 2022, o rokkaama teddungal ngenndiwal, ko hooreejo leydi Niger (CON) e juuɗe hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Muhammadu Buhari. Nguurndam ɓesngu e neɗɗo Ayade ina resndi Doktoor Linda Ayade, ina jogii ɓiɓɓe 3. Ko o yiɗi ko janngude, fijde e ndaarde pijirlooji, kam e jimɗi. Ƴeew kadi Doggol guwerneeruuji diiwaan Cross River Tuugnorgal h9akyvj3yn9rmv5k3avdd97wult4hx2 180764 180763 2026-08-04T13:09:54Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180764 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Benedikt Bengiuoshuye Ayade CON''' ((heɗtoR); jibinaa ko ñalnde 2 marse 1968) ko neɗɗo dawruɗo leydi Najeriya, o woniino guwerneer diiwaan Cross River tuggi hitaande 2015 haa hitaande 2023. O woniino senateer to Cross River North gila 2011 haa 2015. Nguurndam gadano O jibinaa ko to Obudu LGA to diiwaan Cross River ñalnde 2 mars 1968, e galle Peter Akinsheye Ayade e Beatrice Ngayi Ayade. O ummii ko e wuro Kakum, Ipong Ward e nder diiwaan laamu Obudu e nder diiwaan Cross River, leydi Naajeeriya. Jibnaaɓe makko fof ko katolik en juulɓe. Baaba makko ina gollinoo e laamu e fedde ndiyam. Jaangirde Benedict Ayade heɓi jaŋde mum leslesre to duɗal leslesal St. Stephens, Obudu, o yahri to duɗal hakkundeewal laamu, Obudu, leydi Naajeeriya, ngam jaŋde makko leslesre.[citation needed] Ayade heɓi B.Sc mum. (Teddungal) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan to leydi Nijeer (1984–1988). Ndeen o yahi haa o heɓi M.Sc makko. e nder ganndal mikroo-biyoloji (1989–1990) caggal ɗuum o heɓi doktoraa makko. e nder ganndal mikroo-biyoloji nokkuuji ummoraade e duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Ibadan gootol (1990–1994), heɓi njeenaari Doktoraa ɓurndi moƴƴude e ganndal mikroo-biyoloji nokkuuji. Ayade ina jogii kadi MBA (2000–2002) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ambrose Alli to Ekpoma, to diiwaan Edo. Ayade ko awokaa jogiiɗo LL.B. dipolom sariya (2006–2010) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Delta, to Abraka. Ayade yahi haa o woni jannginoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Delta State, to Abraka, ɗo o toɗɗaa caggal ɗuum porfeseer. Ayade heɓi kadi dipolomaaji mum (LL.B) e sariya to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Calabar, to diiwaan Cross River, leydi Najeriya.. == Gila e golle == makko e nder reentaade ndiyam les leydi e nder leydi Najeriya, Ayade sosi laylaytol laylaytol ngol ina huutoroo semmbe naange. Toɗɗagol/golle politik Hooreejo Fedde Ekolosii Hooreejo Duɗal Winnderewal Wiɗtooji e Taariindi Tergal e Goomu Wagginoore Politik Stratejik Tergal fedde Innjiilaaji petroŋ leydi Naajeeriya Tergal e fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e baasal e nder diiwaan Cross River Ayade nasti nder siyaasaaku nde o ɗon mari haaje heɓugo jooɗorde nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi Naajeeriya nder cuɓi 2011 bana tergal PDP. Ayade suɓaama e mooftude 91 123 woote. == [citation needed] == E nder manndaa makko e nder Senaa, Ayade ina joginoo jappeere cukko hooreejo, Goomu Senaa ko faati e taariindi e ekkolosi. O woniino kadi tergal e goomuuji goɗɗi ko wayi no petroŋ dowri, jaŋde, dorog/narkotik/warhoore ekn. [citation needed] Ayade heɓi cuɓol guwerneer kadi dow laylaytol lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) nder wooteeji lewru Abriil 2015 haa lesdi Cross River, nden o heɓi 342,016 woote, o ɓuri kanndidaajo All Progressives Congress nder jiha kan, Odey Ochicha, bee woote 53,983. Ayade fuɗɗiti suɓol guwerneer 2019 ngam o laati tergal lanyol Democratic Party (PDP) nden o suɓaama kadi dow guwerneer diiwal Cross River. E nder hitaande makko sakkitiinde e laamu guwerneer, Ayade foolii jooɗorde senaa Cross River North 2023, o fooli Sen. Jarigbe Agom. Njeenaaje Ayade rokkaama njeenaari guwerneer Vanguard mo hitaande 2016. Ayade rokkaama njeenaari 2019 Champion Jaaynde Guwerneer hitaande. Ayade rokkaama jaaynde Ardorde 2020 Governor hitaande. Ayade kadi rokkaama njeenaari Jaaynde Blueprint Governor hitaande ndee e dow ndema 2021. Njeenaari ndii ko ngam mawninde golle makko e ƴellitaare ndema. Ñalnde 24 lewru bowte hitaande 2019, Ayade waɗtaa e juuɗe Egliis Katolik Roma, Katedraal Sacré-Cœur, jooɗorde Archidiocèse Metropolitain de Calabar, hono « Chevalier de Saint-Jean » (KSJ) hakkunde leyɗeele. E lewru Oktoobar 2022, o rokkaama teddungal ngenndiwal, ko hooreejo leydi Niger (CON) e juuɗe hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Muhammadu Buhari. == Nguurndam == ɓesngu e neɗɗo Ayade ina resndi Doktoor Linda Ayade, ina jogii ɓiɓɓe 3. Ko o yiɗi ko janngude, fijde e ndaarde pijirlooji, kam e jimɗi. Ƴeew kadi Doggol guwerneeruuji diiwaan Cross River == Tuugnorgal == 1jgfqh9hxnfdcjrs13rnbwtnknx15nj 180765 180764 2026-08-04T13:10:50Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180765 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Benedikt Bengiuoshuye Ayade CON''' ((heɗtoR); jibinaa ko ñalnde 2 marse 1968) ko neɗɗo dawruɗo leydi Najeriya, o woniino guwerneer diiwaan Cross River tuggi hitaande 2015 haa hitaande 2023. O woniino senateer to Cross River North gila 2011 haa 2015. Nguurndam gadano O jibinaa ko to Obudu LGA to diiwaan Cross River ñalnde 2 mars 1968, e galle Peter Akinsheye Ayade e Beatrice Ngayi Ayade..<ref>{{cite news|title=Ayade wins Cross River governorship election|date=11 March 2019|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/ayade-wins-cross-river-governorship-election/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=8 June 2023|newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}</ref> O ummii ko e wuro Kakum, Ipong Ward e nder diiwaan laamu Obudu e nder diiwaan Cross River, leydi Naajeeriya. Jibnaaɓe makko fof ko katolik en juulɓe. Baaba makko ina gollinoo e laamu e fedde ndiyam. Jaangirde Benedict Ayade heɓi jaŋde mum leslesre to duɗal leslesal St. Stephens, Obudu, o yahri to duɗal hakkundeewal laamu, Obudu, leydi Naajeeriya, ngam jaŋde makko leslesre.[citation needed] Ayade heɓi B.Sc mum. (Teddungal) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan to leydi Nijeer (1984–1988). Ndeen o yahi haa o heɓi M.Sc makko. e nder ganndal mikroo-biyoloji (1989–1990) caggal ɗuum o heɓi doktoraa makko. e nder ganndal mikroo-biyoloji nokkuuji ummoraade e duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Ibadan gootol (1990–1994), heɓi njeenaari Doktoraa ɓurndi moƴƴude e ganndal mikroo-biyoloji nokkuuji. Ayade ina jogii kadi MBA (2000–2002) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ambrose Alli to Ekpoma, to diiwaan Edo. Ayade ko awokaa jogiiɗo LL.B. dipolom sariya (2006–2010) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Delta, to Abraka. Ayade yahi haa o woni jannginoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Delta State, to Abraka, ɗo o toɗɗaa caggal ɗuum porfeseer. Ayade heɓi kadi dipolomaaji mum (LL.B) e sariya to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Calabar, to diiwaan Cross River, leydi Najeriya.. == Gila e golle == makko e nder reentaade ndiyam les leydi e nder leydi Najeriya, Ayade sosi laylaytol laylaytol ngol ina huutoroo semmbe naange. Toɗɗagol/golle politik Hooreejo Fedde Ekolosii Hooreejo Duɗal Winnderewal Wiɗtooji e Taariindi Tergal e Goomu Wagginoore Politik Stratejik Tergal fedde Innjiilaaji petroŋ leydi Naajeeriya Tergal e fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e baasal e nder diiwaan Cross River Ayade nasti nder siyaasaaku nde o ɗon mari haaje heɓugo jooɗorde nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi Naajeeriya nder cuɓi 2011 bana tergal PDP. Ayade suɓaama e mooftude 91 123 woote. == [citation needed] == E nder manndaa makko e nder Senaa, Ayade ina joginoo jappeere cukko hooreejo, Goomu Senaa ko faati e taariindi e ekkolosi. O woniino kadi tergal e goomuuji goɗɗi ko wayi no petroŋ dowri, jaŋde, dorog/narkotik/warhoore ekn. [citation needed] Ayade heɓi cuɓol guwerneer kadi dow laylaytol lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) nder wooteeji lewru Abriil 2015 haa lesdi Cross River, nden o heɓi 342,016 woote, o ɓuri kanndidaajo All Progressives Congress nder jiha kan, Odey Ochicha, bee woote 53,983. Ayade fuɗɗiti suɓol guwerneer 2019 ngam o laati tergal lanyol Democratic Party (PDP) nden o suɓaama kadi dow guwerneer diiwal Cross River. E nder hitaande makko sakkitiinde e laamu guwerneer, Ayade foolii jooɗorde senaa Cross River North 2023, o fooli Sen. Jarigbe Agom. Njeenaaje Ayade rokkaama njeenaari guwerneer Vanguard mo hitaande 2016. Ayade rokkaama njeenaari 2019 Champion Jaaynde Guwerneer hitaande. Ayade rokkaama jaaynde Ardorde 2020 Governor hitaande. Ayade kadi rokkaama njeenaari Jaaynde Blueprint Governor hitaande ndee e dow ndema 2021. Njeenaari ndii ko ngam mawninde golle makko e ƴellitaare ndema. Ñalnde 24 lewru bowte hitaande 2019, Ayade waɗtaa e juuɗe Egliis Katolik Roma, Katedraal Sacré-Cœur, jooɗorde Archidiocèse Metropolitain de Calabar, hono « Chevalier de Saint-Jean » (KSJ) hakkunde leyɗeele. E lewru Oktoobar 2022, o rokkaama teddungal ngenndiwal, ko hooreejo leydi Niger (CON) e juuɗe hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Muhammadu Buhari. == Nguurndam == ɓesngu e neɗɗo Ayade ina resndi Doktoor Linda Ayade, ina jogii ɓiɓɓe 3. Ko o yiɗi ko janngude, fijde e ndaarde pijirlooji, kam e jimɗi. Ƴeew kadi Doggol guwerneeruuji diiwaan Cross River == Tuugnorgal == fw6o3dsoo1u95e4a8i1czkzamheaedy 180766 180765 2026-08-04T13:11:41Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180766 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Benedikt Bengiuoshuye Ayade CON''' ((heɗtoR); jibinaa ko ñalnde 2 marse 1968) ko neɗɗo dawruɗo leydi Najeriya, o woniino guwerneer diiwaan Cross River tuggi hitaande 2015 haa hitaande 2023. O woniino senateer to Cross River North gila 2011 haa 2015. Nguurndam gadano O jibinaa ko to Obudu LGA to diiwaan Cross River ñalnde 2 mars 1968, e galle Peter Akinsheye Ayade e Beatrice Ngayi Ayade..<ref>{{cite news|title=Ayade wins Cross River governorship election|date=11 March 2019|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/ayade-wins-cross-river-governorship-election/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=8 June 2023|newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}</ref> O ummii ko e wuro Kakum, Ipong Ward e nder diiwaan laamu Obudu e nder diiwaan Cross River, leydi Naajeeriya. Jibnaaɓe makko fof ko katolik en juulɓe. Baaba makko ina gollinoo e laamu e fedde ndiyam.<ref name="senator">{{cite web|url=http://senatorbenayade.org/?page_id=2|publisher=Senator Ben Ayade's Website|title=Meet Sen Ben Ayade|access-date=13 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121221311/http://senatorbenayade.org/?page_id=2|archive-date=21 January 2016|url-status=usurped}}</ref> Jaangirde Benedict Ayade heɓi jaŋde mum leslesre to duɗal leslesal St. Stephens, Obudu, o yahri to duɗal hakkundeewal laamu, Obudu, leydi Naajeeriya, ngam jaŋde makko leslesre.[citation needed] Ayade heɓi B.Sc mum. (Teddungal) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan to leydi Nijeer (1984–1988). Ndeen o yahi haa o heɓi M.Sc makko. e nder ganndal mikroo-biyoloji (1989–1990) caggal ɗuum o heɓi doktoraa makko. e nder ganndal mikroo-biyoloji nokkuuji ummoraade e duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Ibadan gootol (1990–1994), heɓi njeenaari Doktoraa ɓurndi moƴƴude e ganndal mikroo-biyoloji nokkuuji. Ayade ina jogii kadi MBA (2000–2002) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ambrose Alli to Ekpoma, to diiwaan Edo. Ayade ko awokaa jogiiɗo LL.B. dipolom sariya (2006–2010) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Delta, to Abraka. Ayade yahi haa o woni jannginoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Delta State, to Abraka, ɗo o toɗɗaa caggal ɗuum porfeseer. Ayade heɓi kadi dipolomaaji mum (LL.B) e sariya to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Calabar, to diiwaan Cross River, leydi Najeriya.. == Gila e golle == makko e nder reentaade ndiyam les leydi e nder leydi Najeriya, Ayade sosi laylaytol laylaytol ngol ina huutoroo semmbe naange. Toɗɗagol/golle politik Hooreejo Fedde Ekolosii Hooreejo Duɗal Winnderewal Wiɗtooji e Taariindi Tergal e Goomu Wagginoore Politik Stratejik Tergal fedde Innjiilaaji petroŋ leydi Naajeeriya Tergal e fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e baasal e nder diiwaan Cross River Ayade nasti nder siyaasaaku nde o ɗon mari haaje heɓugo jooɗorde nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi Naajeeriya nder cuɓi 2011 bana tergal PDP. Ayade suɓaama e mooftude 91 123 woote. == [citation needed] == E nder manndaa makko e nder Senaa, Ayade ina joginoo jappeere cukko hooreejo, Goomu Senaa ko faati e taariindi e ekkolosi. O woniino kadi tergal e goomuuji goɗɗi ko wayi no petroŋ dowri, jaŋde, dorog/narkotik/warhoore ekn. [citation needed] Ayade heɓi cuɓol guwerneer kadi dow laylaytol lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) nder wooteeji lewru Abriil 2015 haa lesdi Cross River, nden o heɓi 342,016 woote, o ɓuri kanndidaajo All Progressives Congress nder jiha kan, Odey Ochicha, bee woote 53,983. Ayade fuɗɗiti suɓol guwerneer 2019 ngam o laati tergal lanyol Democratic Party (PDP) nden o suɓaama kadi dow guwerneer diiwal Cross River. E nder hitaande makko sakkitiinde e laamu guwerneer, Ayade foolii jooɗorde senaa Cross River North 2023, o fooli Sen. Jarigbe Agom. Njeenaaje Ayade rokkaama njeenaari guwerneer Vanguard mo hitaande 2016. Ayade rokkaama njeenaari 2019 Champion Jaaynde Guwerneer hitaande. Ayade rokkaama jaaynde Ardorde 2020 Governor hitaande. Ayade kadi rokkaama njeenaari Jaaynde Blueprint Governor hitaande ndee e dow ndema 2021. Njeenaari ndii ko ngam mawninde golle makko e ƴellitaare ndema. Ñalnde 24 lewru bowte hitaande 2019, Ayade waɗtaa e juuɗe Egliis Katolik Roma, Katedraal Sacré-Cœur, jooɗorde Archidiocèse Metropolitain de Calabar, hono « Chevalier de Saint-Jean » (KSJ) hakkunde leyɗeele. E lewru Oktoobar 2022, o rokkaama teddungal ngenndiwal, ko hooreejo leydi Niger (CON) e juuɗe hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Muhammadu Buhari. == Nguurndam == ɓesngu e neɗɗo Ayade ina resndi Doktoor Linda Ayade, ina jogii ɓiɓɓe 3. Ko o yiɗi ko janngude, fijde e ndaarde pijirlooji, kam e jimɗi. Ƴeew kadi Doggol guwerneeruuji diiwaan Cross River == Tuugnorgal == ekppsna2ixzqsqehml34ig2vs5plxyf 180767 180766 2026-08-04T13:13:50Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180767 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Benedikt Bengiuoshuye Ayade CON''' ((heɗtoR); jibinaa ko ñalnde 2 marse 1968) ko neɗɗo dawruɗo leydi Najeriya, o woniino guwerneer diiwaan Cross River tuggi hitaande 2015 haa hitaande 2023. O woniino senateer to Cross River North gila 2011 haa 2015. Nguurndam gadano O jibinaa ko to Obudu LGA to diiwaan Cross River ñalnde 2 mars 1968, e galle Peter Akinsheye Ayade e Beatrice Ngayi Ayade..<ref>{{cite news|title=Ayade wins Cross River governorship election|date=11 March 2019|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/ayade-wins-cross-river-governorship-election/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=8 June 2023|newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}</ref> O ummii ko e wuro Kakum, Ipong Ward e nder diiwaan laamu Obudu e nder diiwaan Cross River, leydi Naajeeriya. Jibnaaɓe makko fof ko katolik en juulɓe. Baaba makko ina gollinoo e laamu e fedde ndiyam.<ref name="senator">{{cite web|url=http://senatorbenayade.org/?page_id=2|publisher=Senator Ben Ayade's Website|title=Meet Sen Ben Ayade|access-date=13 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121221311/http://senatorbenayade.org/?page_id=2|archive-date=21 January 2016|url-status=usurped}}</ref> Jaangirde Benedict Ayade heɓi jaŋde mum leslesre to duɗal leslesal St. Stephens, Obudu, o yahri to duɗal hakkundeewal laamu, Obudu, leydi Naajeeriya, ngam jaŋde makko leslesre.[citation needed] Ayade heɓi B.Sc mum.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/03/10/ayade-a-governor-and-philanthropist-51/|title=Ayade: A Governor and Philanthropist @51|date=10 March 2019|access-date=19 April 2019|newspaper=[[This Day]]}}</ref><ref name="senator2" /><ref name="channelstv">{{cite news|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2015/12/06/gov-ayade-leads-african-governors-to-climate-change-summit-in-paris|title=Gov. Ayade Leads African Governors to Climate Summit in Paris|last=Donney|first=Donyoh|date=6 December 2015|agency=[[Channels TV]]|access-date=31 August 2024}}</ref> (Teddungal) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan to leydi Nijeer (1984–1988). Ndeen o yahi haa o heɓi M.Sc makko. e nder ganndal mikroo-biyoloji (1989–1990) caggal ɗuum o heɓi doktoraa makko. e nder ganndal mikroo-biyoloji nokkuuji ummoraade e duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Ibadan gootol (1990–1994), heɓi njeenaari Doktoraa ɓurndi moƴƴude e ganndal mikroo-biyoloji nokkuuji. Ayade ina jogii kadi MBA (2000–2002) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ambrose Alli to Ekpoma, to diiwaan Edo. Ayade ko awokaa jogiiɗo LL.B. dipolom sariya (2006–2010) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Delta, to Abraka. Ayade yahi haa o woni jannginoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Delta State, to Abraka, ɗo o toɗɗaa caggal ɗuum porfeseer. Ayade heɓi kadi dipolomaaji mum (LL.B) e sariya to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Calabar, to diiwaan Cross River, leydi Najeriya.. == Gila e golle == makko e nder reentaade ndiyam les leydi e nder leydi Najeriya, Ayade sosi laylaytol laylaytol ngol ina huutoroo semmbe naange. Toɗɗagol/golle politik Hooreejo Fedde Ekolosii Hooreejo Duɗal Winnderewal Wiɗtooji e Taariindi Tergal e Goomu Wagginoore Politik Stratejik Tergal fedde Innjiilaaji petroŋ leydi Naajeeriya Tergal e fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e baasal e nder diiwaan Cross River Ayade nasti nder siyaasaaku nde o ɗon mari haaje heɓugo jooɗorde nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi Naajeeriya nder cuɓi 2011 bana tergal PDP. Ayade suɓaama e mooftude 91 123 woote. == [citation needed] == E nder manndaa makko e nder Senaa, Ayade ina joginoo jappeere cukko hooreejo, Goomu Senaa ko faati e taariindi e ekkolosi. O woniino kadi tergal e goomuuji goɗɗi ko wayi no petroŋ dowri, jaŋde, dorog/narkotik/warhoore ekn. [citation needed] Ayade heɓi cuɓol guwerneer kadi dow laylaytol lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) nder wooteeji lewru Abriil 2015 haa lesdi Cross River, nden o heɓi 342,016 woote, o ɓuri kanndidaajo All Progressives Congress nder jiha kan, Odey Ochicha, bee woote 53,983. Ayade fuɗɗiti suɓol guwerneer 2019 ngam o laati tergal lanyol Democratic Party (PDP) nden o suɓaama kadi dow guwerneer diiwal Cross River. E nder hitaande makko sakkitiinde e laamu guwerneer, Ayade foolii jooɗorde senaa Cross River North 2023, o fooli Sen. Jarigbe Agom. Njeenaaje Ayade rokkaama njeenaari guwerneer Vanguard mo hitaande 2016. Ayade rokkaama njeenaari 2019 Champion Jaaynde Guwerneer hitaande. Ayade rokkaama jaaynde Ardorde 2020 Governor hitaande. Ayade kadi rokkaama njeenaari Jaaynde Blueprint Governor hitaande ndee e dow ndema 2021. Njeenaari ndii ko ngam mawninde golle makko e ƴellitaare ndema. Ñalnde 24 lewru bowte hitaande 2019, Ayade waɗtaa e juuɗe Egliis Katolik Roma, Katedraal Sacré-Cœur, jooɗorde Archidiocèse Metropolitain de Calabar, hono « Chevalier de Saint-Jean » (KSJ) hakkunde leyɗeele. E lewru Oktoobar 2022, o rokkaama teddungal ngenndiwal, ko hooreejo leydi Niger (CON) e juuɗe hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Muhammadu Buhari. == Nguurndam == ɓesngu e neɗɗo Ayade ina resndi Doktoor Linda Ayade, ina jogii ɓiɓɓe 3. Ko o yiɗi ko janngude, fijde e ndaarde pijirlooji, kam e jimɗi. Ƴeew kadi Doggol guwerneeruuji diiwaan Cross River == Tuugnorgal == 3x4i462tsig49ixqmfipjpus6rpmzye 180768 180767 2026-08-04T13:14:57Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180768 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Benedikt Bengiuoshuye Ayade CON''' ((heɗtoR); jibinaa ko ñalnde 2 marse 1968) ko neɗɗo dawruɗo leydi Najeriya, o woniino guwerneer diiwaan Cross River tuggi hitaande 2015 haa hitaande 2023. O woniino senateer to Cross River North gila 2011 haa 2015. Nguurndam gadano O jibinaa ko to Obudu LGA to diiwaan Cross River ñalnde 2 mars 1968, e galle Peter Akinsheye Ayade e Beatrice Ngayi Ayade..<ref>{{cite news|title=Ayade wins Cross River governorship election|date=11 March 2019|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/ayade-wins-cross-river-governorship-election/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=8 June 2023|newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}</ref> O ummii ko e wuro Kakum, Ipong Ward e nder diiwaan laamu Obudu e nder diiwaan Cross River, leydi Naajeeriya. Jibnaaɓe makko fof ko katolik en juulɓe. Baaba makko ina gollinoo e laamu e fedde ndiyam.<ref name="senator">{{cite web|url=http://senatorbenayade.org/?page_id=2|publisher=Senator Ben Ayade's Website|title=Meet Sen Ben Ayade|access-date=13 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121221311/http://senatorbenayade.org/?page_id=2|archive-date=21 January 2016|url-status=usurped}}</ref> Jaangirde Benedict Ayade heɓi jaŋde mum leslesre to duɗal leslesal St. Stephens, Obudu, o yahri to duɗal hakkundeewal laamu, Obudu, leydi Naajeeriya, ngam jaŋde makko leslesre.[citation needed] Ayade heɓi B.Sc mum.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/03/10/ayade-a-governor-and-philanthropist-51/|title=Ayade: A Governor and Philanthropist @51|date=10 March 2019|access-date=19 April 2019|newspaper=[[This Day]]}}</ref><ref name="senator2" /><ref name="channelstv">{{cite news|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2015/12/06/gov-ayade-leads-african-governors-to-climate-change-summit-in-paris|title=Gov. Ayade Leads African Governors to Climate Summit in Paris|last=Donney|first=Donyoh|date=6 December 2015|agency=[[Channels TV]]|access-date=31 August 2024}}</ref> (Teddungal) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan to leydi Nijeer (1984–1988). Ndeen o yahi haa o heɓi M.Sc makko. e nder ganndal mikroo-biyoloji (1989–1990) caggal ɗuum o heɓi doktoraa makko.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://crossriverwatch.com/2015/04/senator-ayade-wins-cross-river-governorship-with-landslide/|title=Senator Ayade Wins Cross River Governorship With Landslide|date=13 April 2015|work=Cross River watch|access-date=31 August 2024}}</ref> e nder ganndal mikroo-biyoloji nokkuuji ummoraade e duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Ibadan gootol (1990–1994), heɓi njeenaari Doktoraa ɓurndi moƴƴude e ganndal mikroo-biyoloji nokkuuji. Ayade ina jogii kadi MBA (2000–2002) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ambrose Alli to Ekpoma, to diiwaan Edo. Ayade ko awokaa jogiiɗo LL.B. dipolom sariya (2006–2010) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Delta, to Abraka. Ayade yahi haa o woni jannginoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Delta State, to Abraka, ɗo o toɗɗaa caggal ɗuum porfeseer. Ayade heɓi kadi dipolomaaji mum (LL.B) e sariya to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Calabar, to diiwaan Cross River, leydi Najeriya.. == Gila e golle == makko e nder reentaade ndiyam les leydi e nder leydi Najeriya, Ayade sosi laylaytol laylaytol ngol ina huutoroo semmbe naange. Toɗɗagol/golle politik Hooreejo Fedde Ekolosii Hooreejo Duɗal Winnderewal Wiɗtooji e Taariindi Tergal e Goomu Wagginoore Politik Stratejik Tergal fedde Innjiilaaji petroŋ leydi Naajeeriya Tergal e fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e baasal e nder diiwaan Cross River Ayade nasti nder siyaasaaku nde o ɗon mari haaje heɓugo jooɗorde nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi Naajeeriya nder cuɓi 2011 bana tergal PDP. Ayade suɓaama e mooftude 91 123 woote. == [citation needed] == E nder manndaa makko e nder Senaa, Ayade ina joginoo jappeere cukko hooreejo, Goomu Senaa ko faati e taariindi e ekkolosi. O woniino kadi tergal e goomuuji goɗɗi ko wayi no petroŋ dowri, jaŋde, dorog/narkotik/warhoore ekn. [citation needed] Ayade heɓi cuɓol guwerneer kadi dow laylaytol lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) nder wooteeji lewru Abriil 2015 haa lesdi Cross River, nden o heɓi 342,016 woote, o ɓuri kanndidaajo All Progressives Congress nder jiha kan, Odey Ochicha, bee woote 53,983. Ayade fuɗɗiti suɓol guwerneer 2019 ngam o laati tergal lanyol Democratic Party (PDP) nden o suɓaama kadi dow guwerneer diiwal Cross River. E nder hitaande makko sakkitiinde e laamu guwerneer, Ayade foolii jooɗorde senaa Cross River North 2023, o fooli Sen. Jarigbe Agom. Njeenaaje Ayade rokkaama njeenaari guwerneer Vanguard mo hitaande 2016. Ayade rokkaama njeenaari 2019 Champion Jaaynde Guwerneer hitaande. Ayade rokkaama jaaynde Ardorde 2020 Governor hitaande. Ayade kadi rokkaama njeenaari Jaaynde Blueprint Governor hitaande ndee e dow ndema 2021. Njeenaari ndii ko ngam mawninde golle makko e ƴellitaare ndema. Ñalnde 24 lewru bowte hitaande 2019, Ayade waɗtaa e juuɗe Egliis Katolik Roma, Katedraal Sacré-Cœur, jooɗorde Archidiocèse Metropolitain de Calabar, hono « Chevalier de Saint-Jean » (KSJ) hakkunde leyɗeele. E lewru Oktoobar 2022, o rokkaama teddungal ngenndiwal, ko hooreejo leydi Niger (CON) e juuɗe hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Muhammadu Buhari. == Nguurndam == ɓesngu e neɗɗo Ayade ina resndi Doktoor Linda Ayade, ina jogii ɓiɓɓe 3. Ko o yiɗi ko janngude, fijde e ndaarde pijirlooji, kam e jimɗi. Ƴeew kadi Doggol guwerneeruuji diiwaan Cross River == Tuugnorgal == g0rjaap312oynyk0dw161yyuee0lsag 180769 180768 2026-08-04T13:15:51Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180769 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Benedikt Bengiuoshuye Ayade CON''' ((heɗtoR); jibinaa ko ñalnde 2 marse 1968) ko neɗɗo dawruɗo leydi Najeriya, o woniino guwerneer diiwaan Cross River tuggi hitaande 2015 haa hitaande 2023. O woniino senateer to Cross River North gila 2011 haa 2015. Nguurndam gadano O jibinaa ko to Obudu LGA to diiwaan Cross River ñalnde 2 mars 1968, e galle Peter Akinsheye Ayade e Beatrice Ngayi Ayade..<ref>{{cite news|title=Ayade wins Cross River governorship election|date=11 March 2019|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/ayade-wins-cross-river-governorship-election/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=8 June 2023|newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}</ref> O ummii ko e wuro Kakum, Ipong Ward e nder diiwaan laamu Obudu e nder diiwaan Cross River, leydi Naajeeriya. Jibnaaɓe makko fof ko katolik en juulɓe. Baaba makko ina gollinoo e laamu e fedde ndiyam.<ref name="senator">{{cite web|url=http://senatorbenayade.org/?page_id=2|publisher=Senator Ben Ayade's Website|title=Meet Sen Ben Ayade|access-date=13 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121221311/http://senatorbenayade.org/?page_id=2|archive-date=21 January 2016|url-status=usurped}}</ref> Jaangirde Benedict Ayade heɓi jaŋde mum leslesre to duɗal leslesal St. Stephens, Obudu, o yahri to duɗal hakkundeewal laamu, Obudu, leydi Naajeeriya, ngam jaŋde makko leslesre.[citation needed] Ayade heɓi B.Sc mum.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/03/10/ayade-a-governor-and-philanthropist-51/|title=Ayade: A Governor and Philanthropist @51|date=10 March 2019|access-date=19 April 2019|newspaper=[[This Day]]}}</ref><ref name="senator2" /><ref name="channelstv">{{cite news|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2015/12/06/gov-ayade-leads-african-governors-to-climate-change-summit-in-paris|title=Gov. Ayade Leads African Governors to Climate Summit in Paris|last=Donney|first=Donyoh|date=6 December 2015|agency=[[Channels TV]]|access-date=31 August 2024}}</ref> (Teddungal) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan to leydi Nijeer (1984–1988). Ndeen o yahi haa o heɓi M.Sc makko. e nder ganndal mikroo-biyoloji (1989–1990) caggal ɗuum o heɓi doktoraa makko.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://crossriverwatch.com/2015/04/senator-ayade-wins-cross-river-governorship-with-landslide/|title=Senator Ayade Wins Cross River Governorship With Landslide|date=13 April 2015|work=Cross River watch|access-date=31 August 2024}}</ref> e nder ganndal mikroo-biyoloji nokkuuji ummoraade e duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Ibadan gootol (1990–1994), heɓi njeenaari Doktoraa ɓurndi moƴƴude e ganndal mikroo-biyoloji nokkuuji. Ayade ina jogii kadi MBA (2000–2002) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ambrose Alli to Ekpoma, to diiwaan Edo. Ayade ko awokaa jogiiɗo LL.B..<ref>{{cite news|last=Wodu|first=Ada|date=15 December 2021|title=Gov Ayade's wife kicks off health insurance scheme|url=https://punchng.com/gov-ayades-wife-kicks-off-health-insurance-scheme/|access-date=31 August 2024|newspaper=[[The Punch]]}}</ref> dipolom sariya (2006–2010) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Delta, to Abraka. Ayade yahi haa o woni jannginoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Delta State, to Abraka, ɗo o toɗɗaa caggal ɗuum porfeseer. Ayade heɓi kadi dipolomaaji mum (LL.B) e sariya to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Calabar, to diiwaan Cross River, leydi Najeriya.. == Gila e golle == makko e nder reentaade ndiyam les leydi e nder leydi Najeriya, Ayade sosi laylaytol laylaytol ngol ina huutoroo semmbe naange. Toɗɗagol/golle politik Hooreejo Fedde Ekolosii Hooreejo Duɗal Winnderewal Wiɗtooji e Taariindi Tergal e Goomu Wagginoore Politik Stratejik Tergal fedde Innjiilaaji petroŋ leydi Naajeeriya Tergal e fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e baasal e nder diiwaan Cross River Ayade nasti nder siyaasaaku nde o ɗon mari haaje heɓugo jooɗorde nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi Naajeeriya nder cuɓi 2011 bana tergal PDP. Ayade suɓaama e mooftude 91 123 woote. == [citation needed] == E nder manndaa makko e nder Senaa, Ayade ina joginoo jappeere cukko hooreejo, Goomu Senaa ko faati e taariindi e ekkolosi. O woniino kadi tergal e goomuuji goɗɗi ko wayi no petroŋ dowri, jaŋde, dorog/narkotik/warhoore ekn. [citation needed] Ayade heɓi cuɓol guwerneer kadi dow laylaytol lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) nder wooteeji lewru Abriil 2015 haa lesdi Cross River, nden o heɓi 342,016 woote, o ɓuri kanndidaajo All Progressives Congress nder jiha kan, Odey Ochicha, bee woote 53,983. Ayade fuɗɗiti suɓol guwerneer 2019 ngam o laati tergal lanyol Democratic Party (PDP) nden o suɓaama kadi dow guwerneer diiwal Cross River. E nder hitaande makko sakkitiinde e laamu guwerneer, Ayade foolii jooɗorde senaa Cross River North 2023, o fooli Sen. Jarigbe Agom. Njeenaaje Ayade rokkaama njeenaari guwerneer Vanguard mo hitaande 2016. Ayade rokkaama njeenaari 2019 Champion Jaaynde Guwerneer hitaande. Ayade rokkaama jaaynde Ardorde 2020 Governor hitaande. Ayade kadi rokkaama njeenaari Jaaynde Blueprint Governor hitaande ndee e dow ndema 2021. Njeenaari ndii ko ngam mawninde golle makko e ƴellitaare ndema. Ñalnde 24 lewru bowte hitaande 2019, Ayade waɗtaa e juuɗe Egliis Katolik Roma, Katedraal Sacré-Cœur, jooɗorde Archidiocèse Metropolitain de Calabar, hono « Chevalier de Saint-Jean » (KSJ) hakkunde leyɗeele. E lewru Oktoobar 2022, o rokkaama teddungal ngenndiwal, ko hooreejo leydi Niger (CON) e juuɗe hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Muhammadu Buhari. == Nguurndam == ɓesngu e neɗɗo Ayade ina resndi Doktoor Linda Ayade, ina jogii ɓiɓɓe 3. Ko o yiɗi ko janngude, fijde e ndaarde pijirlooji, kam e jimɗi. Ƴeew kadi Doggol guwerneeruuji diiwaan Cross River == Tuugnorgal == hyg3dsn88xrbenuiemw662vl1sinwdn 180770 180769 2026-08-04T13:16:44Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180770 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Benedikt Bengiuoshuye Ayade CON''' ((heɗtoR); jibinaa ko ñalnde 2 marse 1968) ko neɗɗo dawruɗo leydi Najeriya, o woniino guwerneer diiwaan Cross River tuggi hitaande 2015 haa hitaande 2023. O woniino senateer to Cross River North gila 2011 haa 2015. Nguurndam gadano O jibinaa ko to Obudu LGA to diiwaan Cross River ñalnde 2 mars 1968, e galle Peter Akinsheye Ayade e Beatrice Ngayi Ayade..<ref>{{cite news|title=Ayade wins Cross River governorship election|date=11 March 2019|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/ayade-wins-cross-river-governorship-election/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=8 June 2023|newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}</ref> O ummii ko e wuro Kakum, Ipong Ward e nder diiwaan laamu Obudu e nder diiwaan Cross River, leydi Naajeeriya. Jibnaaɓe makko fof ko katolik en juulɓe. Baaba makko ina gollinoo e laamu e fedde ndiyam.<ref name="senator">{{cite web|url=http://senatorbenayade.org/?page_id=2|publisher=Senator Ben Ayade's Website|title=Meet Sen Ben Ayade|access-date=13 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121221311/http://senatorbenayade.org/?page_id=2|archive-date=21 January 2016|url-status=usurped}}</ref> Jaangirde Benedict Ayade heɓi jaŋde mum leslesre to duɗal leslesal St. Stephens, Obudu, o yahri to duɗal hakkundeewal laamu, Obudu, leydi Naajeeriya, ngam jaŋde makko leslesre.[citation needed] Ayade heɓi B.Sc mum.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/03/10/ayade-a-governor-and-philanthropist-51/|title=Ayade: A Governor and Philanthropist @51|date=10 March 2019|access-date=19 April 2019|newspaper=[[This Day]]}}</ref><ref name="senator2" /><ref name="channelstv">{{cite news|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2015/12/06/gov-ayade-leads-african-governors-to-climate-change-summit-in-paris|title=Gov. Ayade Leads African Governors to Climate Summit in Paris|last=Donney|first=Donyoh|date=6 December 2015|agency=[[Channels TV]]|access-date=31 August 2024}}</ref> (Teddungal) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan to leydi Nijeer (1984–1988). Ndeen o yahi haa o heɓi M.Sc makko. e nder ganndal mikroo-biyoloji (1989–1990) caggal ɗuum o heɓi doktoraa makko.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://crossriverwatch.com/2015/04/senator-ayade-wins-cross-river-governorship-with-landslide/|title=Senator Ayade Wins Cross River Governorship With Landslide|date=13 April 2015|work=Cross River watch|access-date=31 August 2024}}</ref> e nder ganndal mikroo-biyoloji nokkuuji ummoraade e duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Ibadan gootol (1990–1994), heɓi njeenaari Doktoraa ɓurndi moƴƴude e ganndal mikroo-biyoloji nokkuuji. Ayade ina jogii kadi MBA (2000–2002) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ambrose Alli to Ekpoma, to diiwaan Edo. Ayade ko awokaa jogiiɗo LL.B..<ref>{{cite news|last=Wodu|first=Ada|date=15 December 2021|title=Gov Ayade's wife kicks off health insurance scheme|url=https://punchng.com/gov-ayades-wife-kicks-off-health-insurance-scheme/|access-date=31 August 2024|newspaper=[[The Punch]]}}</ref> dipolom sariya (2006–2010) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Delta, to Abraka. Ayade yahi haa o woni jannginoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Delta State, to Abraka, ɗo o toɗɗaa caggal ɗuum porfeseer. Ayade heɓi kadi dipolomaaji mum (LL.B) e sariya to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Calabar, to diiwaan Cross River, leydi Najeriya..<ref>{{cite news|date=11 October 2022|title=News in Photographs: Buhari Confers National Honours on Distinguished Nigerians, Foreigners|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/10/11/news-in-photographs-buhari-confers-national-honours-on-distinguished-nigerians-foreigners/|access-date=17 October 2022|newspaper=[[This Day]]}}</ref> == Gila e golle == makko e nder reentaade ndiyam les leydi e nder leydi Najeriya, Ayade sosi laylaytol laylaytol ngol ina huutoroo semmbe naange. Toɗɗagol/golle politik Hooreejo Fedde Ekolosii Hooreejo Duɗal Winnderewal Wiɗtooji e Taariindi Tergal e Goomu Wagginoore Politik Stratejik Tergal fedde Innjiilaaji petroŋ leydi Naajeeriya Tergal e fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e baasal e nder diiwaan Cross River Ayade nasti nder siyaasaaku nde o ɗon mari haaje heɓugo jooɗorde nder suudu joonde diidaaɗi lesdi Naajeeriya nder cuɓi 2011 bana tergal PDP. Ayade suɓaama e mooftude 91 123 woote. == [citation needed] == E nder manndaa makko e nder Senaa, Ayade ina joginoo jappeere cukko hooreejo, Goomu Senaa ko faati e taariindi e ekkolosi. O woniino kadi tergal e goomuuji goɗɗi ko wayi no petroŋ dowri, jaŋde, dorog/narkotik/warhoore ekn. [citation needed] Ayade heɓi cuɓol guwerneer kadi dow laylaytol lannda Demokaraasi Yimɓe (PDP) nder wooteeji lewru Abriil 2015 haa lesdi Cross River, nden o heɓi 342,016 woote, o ɓuri kanndidaajo All Progressives Congress nder jiha kan, Odey Ochicha, bee woote 53,983. Ayade fuɗɗiti suɓol guwerneer 2019 ngam o laati tergal lanyol Democratic Party (PDP) nden o suɓaama kadi dow guwerneer diiwal Cross River. E nder hitaande makko sakkitiinde e laamu guwerneer, Ayade foolii jooɗorde senaa Cross River North 2023, o fooli Sen. Jarigbe Agom. Njeenaaje Ayade rokkaama njeenaari guwerneer Vanguard mo hitaande 2016. Ayade rokkaama njeenaari 2019 Champion Jaaynde Guwerneer hitaande. Ayade rokkaama jaaynde Ardorde 2020 Governor hitaande. Ayade kadi rokkaama njeenaari Jaaynde Blueprint Governor hitaande ndee e dow ndema 2021. Njeenaari ndii ko ngam mawninde golle makko e ƴellitaare ndema. Ñalnde 24 lewru bowte hitaande 2019, Ayade waɗtaa e juuɗe Egliis Katolik Roma, Katedraal Sacré-Cœur, jooɗorde Archidiocèse Metropolitain de Calabar, hono « Chevalier de Saint-Jean » (KSJ) hakkunde leyɗeele. E lewru Oktoobar 2022, o rokkaama teddungal ngenndiwal, ko hooreejo leydi Niger (CON) e juuɗe hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Muhammadu Buhari. == Nguurndam == ɓesngu e neɗɗo Ayade ina resndi Doktoor Linda Ayade, ina jogii ɓiɓɓe 3. Ko o yiɗi ko janngude, fijde e ndaarde pijirlooji, kam e jimɗi. Ƴeew kadi Doggol guwerneeruuji diiwaan Cross River == Tuugnorgal == goht9s6vy0any0y7o676krxc4agojap 0 43395 180771 2026-08-04T13:18:39Z Ilya Discuss 10103 Created page with "Sylvester Ayodele AriseListenR ko senateer Naajeeriya, mo ardiiɗo lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP) haa lesdi Ekiti. O wonti tergal e Senaa Naajeeriya e hitaande 2007. Ɓawo Ayodele Arise jibinaa ko ñalnde 5 ut 1956. Baaba makko ko ñaawoowo wonnoo. Ko o balloowo hooreejo fedde janngooɓe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan (1976–1977). O heɓi M.Sc e peewnugol wuro e diiwaan to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Alabama A&M, Normal, Alabama Amerik e hitaande 1984. kadi ko o Injenieer..." 180771 wikitext text/x-wiki Sylvester Ayodele AriseListenR ko senateer Naajeeriya, mo ardiiɗo lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP) haa lesdi Ekiti. O wonti tergal e Senaa Naajeeriya e hitaande 2007. Ɓawo Ayodele Arise jibinaa ko ñalnde 5 ut 1956. Baaba makko ko ñaawoowo wonnoo. Ko o balloowo hooreejo fedde janngooɓe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan (1976–1977). O heɓi M.Sc e peewnugol wuro e diiwaan to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Alabama A&M, Normal, Alabama Amerik e hitaande 1984. kadi ko o Injenieer ordinateer seedantaagal A+, karallo Microsoft seedantaagal. Caggal nde o janngini hiisawal, caggal ɗuum o golliima e nder wuro, o naati e njulaagu e hitaande 1981 omo sooda e yeeyde pijirlooji e kasetuuji e nder leydi Najeriya. To Dental Dowlaaji Amerik, o sosi Institut de formation informatique. E hitaande 2000 o sosi Cards Technology Limited, sosiyatee mahoowo lowre adannde ngam ƴellitde golle tataɓere e nder leydi ndi. sahara Afrik ngam MasterCard hakkunde leyɗeele. Ɗuum udditi laawol ngam hokkuki MasterCard ɗi ​​bankiiji lesdi Naajeeriya hokkata soodooɓe maɓɓe ngam non ɗum udditi laawol ngam Naajeeriya'en nasta nder filu e-commerce bana no en anndiri ɗum hande. O udditi kadi fedde wiyeteende Fortune Games Limited ngam loteri SMS. Golle Senaa Diiwaan Ekiti to leydi Najeriya Ayodele Arise suɓaama nder Senaa lesdi ngam diiwal Ekiti North nder hitaande 2007 nden o toɗɗaama hooreejo komitiiru senaa dow Privatization e tergal komitiiji goɗɗi ko hawti e nyaamande lesdi e yaasi, ndiyam, banki, assurance & hukuumaaji ceede feere. E lewru sulyee 2009, ñaawirdu jaɓi kuulal ngal Ñaawirde Toownde (Tribunal de Petitions d’Élection) e nder diiwaan Ekiti, ngal woppi woote Arise caggal nde kanndidaa Action Congress, hono Mr. Olubunmi Adetunmbi, waɗi ɗaɓɓaande, nde o tuumi ko ŋakkeende ɗooftaare mawnde e sariya wooteeji 2060. Tuugnorgal fbc780wm2bc66v4a227yjbrpru6ies7 180772 180771 2026-08-04T13:19:05Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180772 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}Sylvester Ayodele AriseListenR ko senateer Naajeeriya, mo ardiiɗo lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP) haa lesdi Ekiti. O wonti tergal e Senaa Naajeeriya e hitaande 2007. Ɓawo Ayodele Arise jibinaa ko ñalnde 5 ut 1956. Baaba makko ko ñaawoowo wonnoo. Ko o balloowo hooreejo fedde janngooɓe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan (1976–1977). O heɓi M.Sc e peewnugol wuro e diiwaan to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Alabama A&M, Normal, Alabama Amerik e hitaande 1984. kadi ko o Injenieer ordinateer seedantaagal A+, karallo Microsoft seedantaagal. Caggal nde o janngini hiisawal, caggal ɗuum o golliima e nder wuro, o naati e njulaagu e hitaande 1981 omo sooda e yeeyde pijirlooji e kasetuuji e nder leydi Najeriya. To Dental Dowlaaji Amerik, o sosi Institut de formation informatique. E hitaande 2000 o sosi Cards Technology Limited, sosiyatee mahoowo lowre adannde ngam ƴellitde golle tataɓere e nder leydi ndi. sahara Afrik ngam MasterCard hakkunde leyɗeele. Ɗuum udditi laawol ngam hokkuki MasterCard ɗi ​​bankiiji lesdi Naajeeriya hokkata soodooɓe maɓɓe ngam non ɗum udditi laawol ngam Naajeeriya'en nasta nder filu e-commerce bana no en anndiri ɗum hande. O udditi kadi fedde wiyeteende Fortune Games Limited ngam loteri SMS. Golle Senaa Diiwaan Ekiti to leydi Najeriya Ayodele Arise suɓaama nder Senaa lesdi ngam diiwal Ekiti North nder hitaande 2007 nden o toɗɗaama hooreejo komitiiru senaa dow Privatization e tergal komitiiji goɗɗi ko hawti e nyaamande lesdi e yaasi, ndiyam, banki, assurance & hukuumaaji ceede feere. E lewru sulyee 2009, ñaawirdu jaɓi kuulal ngal Ñaawirde Toownde (Tribunal de Petitions d’Élection) e nder diiwaan Ekiti, ngal woppi woote Arise caggal nde kanndidaa Action Congress, hono Mr. Olubunmi Adetunmbi, waɗi ɗaɓɓaande, nde o tuumi ko ŋakkeende ɗooftaare mawnde e sariya wooteeji 2060. Tuugnorgal i3e76c3cks88b5y1nngyh48vj8dh5np 180773 180772 2026-08-04T13:21:27Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180773 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Sylvester Ayodele AriseListenR''' ko senateer Naajeeriya, mo ardiiɗo lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP) haa lesdi Ekiti. O wonti tergal e Senaa Naajeeriya e hitaande 2007. Ɓawo Ayodele Arise jibinaa ko ñalnde 5 ut 1956. Baaba makko ko ñaawoowo wonnoo. Ko o balloowo hooreejo fedde janngooɓe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan (1976–1977). O heɓi M.Sc e peewnugol wuro e diiwaan to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Alabama A&M, Normal, Alabama Amerik e hitaande 1984. kadi ko o Injenieer ordinateer seedantaagal A+, karallo Microsoft seedantaagal. Caggal nde o janngini hiisawal, caggal ɗuum o golliima e nder wuro, o naati e njulaagu e hitaande 1981 omo sooda e yeeyde pijirlooji e kasetuuji e nder leydi Najeriya. To Dental Dowlaaji Amerik, o sosi Institut de formation informatique. E hitaande 2000 o sosi Cards Technology Limited, sosiyatee mahoowo lowre adannde ngam ƴellitde golle tataɓere e nder leydi ndi. sahara Afrik ngam MasterCard hakkunde leyɗeele. Ɗuum udditi laawol ngam hokkuki MasterCard ɗi ​​bankiiji lesdi Naajeeriya hokkata soodooɓe maɓɓe ngam non ɗum udditi laawol ngam Naajeeriya'en nasta nder filu e-commerce bana no en anndiri ɗum hande. O udditi kadi fedde wiyeteende Fortune Games Limited ngam loteri SMS. Golle Senaa Diiwaan Ekiti to leydi Najeriya Ayodele Arise suɓaama nder Senaa lesdi ngam diiwal Ekiti North nder hitaande 2007 nden o toɗɗaama hooreejo komitiiru senaa dow Privatization e tergal komitiiji goɗɗi ko hawti e nyaamande lesdi e yaasi, ndiyam, banki, assurance & hukuumaaji ceede feere. E lewru sulyee 2009, ñaawirdu jaɓi kuulal ngal Ñaawirde Toownde (Tribunal de Petitions d’Élection) e nder diiwaan Ekiti, ngal woppi woote Arise caggal nde kanndidaa Action Congress, hono Mr. Olubunmi Adetunmbi, waɗi ɗaɓɓaande, nde o tuumi ko ŋakkeende ɗooftaare mawnde e sariya wooteeji 2060. == Tuugnorgal == lfmko19kfnu2s709ptavg6oc3pnk1mk 180774 180773 2026-08-04T13:22:31Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180774 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Sylvester Ayodele AriseListenR''' ko senateer Naajeeriya, mo ardiiɗo lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP) haa lesdi Ekiti. O wonti tergal e Senaa Naajeeriya e hitaande 2007. Ɓawo Ayodele Arise jibinaa ko ñalnde 5 ut 1956.<ref name="nassnig">{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=58|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303203915/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=58|url-status=dead|archive-date=2016-03-03|title=Sen. Ayodele S. Arise|publisher=National Assembly of Nigeria|accessdate=2009-09-18}}</ref> Baaba makko ko ñaawoowo wonnoo. Ko o balloowo hooreejo fedde janngooɓe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan (1976–1977). O heɓi M.Sc e peewnugol wuro e diiwaan to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Alabama A&M, Normal, Alabama Amerik e hitaande 1984. kadi ko o Injenieer ordinateer seedantaagal A+, karallo Microsoft seedantaagal. Caggal nde o janngini hiisawal, caggal ɗuum o golliima e nder wuro, o naati e njulaagu e hitaande 1981 omo sooda e yeeyde pijirlooji e kasetuuji e nder leydi Najeriya. To Dental Dowlaaji Amerik, o sosi Institut de formation informatique. E hitaande 2000 o sosi Cards Technology Limited, sosiyatee mahoowo lowre adannde ngam ƴellitde golle tataɓere e nder leydi ndi. sahara Afrik ngam MasterCard hakkunde leyɗeele. Ɗuum udditi laawol ngam hokkuki MasterCard ɗi ​​bankiiji lesdi Naajeeriya hokkata soodooɓe maɓɓe ngam non ɗum udditi laawol ngam Naajeeriya'en nasta nder filu e-commerce bana no en anndiri ɗum hande. O udditi kadi fedde wiyeteende Fortune Games Limited ngam loteri SMS. Golle Senaa Diiwaan Ekiti to leydi Najeriya Ayodele Arise suɓaama nder Senaa lesdi ngam diiwal Ekiti North nder hitaande 2007 nden o toɗɗaama hooreejo komitiiru senaa dow Privatization e tergal komitiiji goɗɗi ko hawti e nyaamande lesdi e yaasi, ndiyam, banki, assurance & hukuumaaji ceede feere. E lewru sulyee 2009, ñaawirdu jaɓi kuulal ngal Ñaawirde Toownde (Tribunal de Petitions d’Élection) e nder diiwaan Ekiti, ngal woppi woote Arise caggal nde kanndidaa Action Congress, hono Mr. Olubunmi Adetunmbi, waɗi ɗaɓɓaande, nde o tuumi ko ŋakkeende ɗooftaare mawnde e sariya wooteeji 2060. == Tuugnorgal == qa85bbcxmdmccgeprqytyo4ynzqbb5b 180775 180774 2026-08-04T13:24:41Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180775 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Sylvester Ayodele AriseListenR''' ko senateer Naajeeriya, mo ardiiɗo lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP) haa lesdi Ekiti. O wonti tergal e Senaa Naajeeriya e hitaande 2007. Ɓawo Ayodele Arise jibinaa ko ñalnde 5 ut 1956.<ref name="nassnig">{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=58|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303203915/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=58|url-status=dead|archive-date=2016-03-03|title=Sen. Ayodele S. Arise|publisher=National Assembly of Nigeria|accessdate=2009-09-18}}</ref> Baaba makko ko ñaawoowo wonnoo. Ko o balloowo hooreejo fedde janngooɓe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan (1976–1977). O heɓi M.Sc e peewnugol wuro e diiwaan to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Alabama A&M, Normal, Alabama Amerik e hitaande 1984. .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cardstechnology.com/display.php?mtd=directors.php?|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708120354/http://www.cardstechnology.com/display.php?mtd=directors.php%3F|url-status=dead|archive-date=2011-07-08|title=Card Technologies: Directors|publisher=Card Technologies|accessdate=2009-09-19}}</ref><ref name="selfad">{{cite web|url=http://nigeriaworld.com/feature/publication/arowolaju/111806.html|title=THE GOVERNOR WE NEED IN EKITI STATE (PART II)|date=November 18, 2006|publisher=NigeriaWorld|accessdate=2009-09-18}}</ref> kadi ko o Injenieer ordinateer seedantaagal A+, karallo Microsoft seedantaagal. Caggal nde o janngini hiisawal, caggal ɗuum o golliima e nder wuro, o naati e njulaagu e hitaande 1981 omo sooda e yeeyde pijirlooji e kasetuuji e nder leydi Najeriya. To Dental Dowlaaji Amerik, o sosi Institut de formation informatique. E hitaande 2000 o sosi Cards Technology Limited, sosiyatee mahoowo lowre adannde ngam ƴellitde golle tataɓere e nder leydi ndi. sahara Afrik ngam MasterCard hakkunde leyɗeele. Ɗuum udditi laawol ngam hokkuki MasterCard ɗi ​​bankiiji lesdi Naajeeriya hokkata soodooɓe maɓɓe ngam non ɗum udditi laawol ngam Naajeeriya'en nasta nder filu e-commerce bana no en anndiri ɗum hande. O udditi kadi fedde wiyeteende Fortune Games Limited ngam loteri SMS. Golle Senaa Diiwaan Ekiti to leydi Najeriya Ayodele Arise suɓaama nder Senaa lesdi ngam diiwal Ekiti North nder hitaande 2007 nden o toɗɗaama hooreejo komitiiru senaa dow Privatization e tergal komitiiji goɗɗi ko hawti e nyaamande lesdi e yaasi, ndiyam, banki, assurance & hukuumaaji ceede feere. E lewru sulyee 2009, ñaawirdu jaɓi kuulal ngal Ñaawirde Toownde (Tribunal de Petitions d’Élection) e nder diiwaan Ekiti, ngal woppi woote Arise caggal nde kanndidaa Action Congress, hono Mr. Olubunmi Adetunmbi, waɗi ɗaɓɓaande, nde o tuumi ko ŋakkeende ɗooftaare mawnde e sariya wooteeji 2060. == Tuugnorgal == a31m7f22wyarvyta5x9bkguxxd4uclo 180776 180775 2026-08-04T13:25:54Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180776 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Sylvester Ayodele AriseListenR''' ko senateer Naajeeriya, mo ardiiɗo lanyol yimɓe lesdi (PDP) haa lesdi Ekiti. O wonti tergal e Senaa Naajeeriya e hitaande 2007. Ɓawo Ayodele Arise jibinaa ko ñalnde 5 ut 1956.<ref name="nassnig">{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=58|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303203915/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=58|url-status=dead|archive-date=2016-03-03|title=Sen. Ayodele S. Arise|publisher=National Assembly of Nigeria|accessdate=2009-09-18}}</ref> Baaba makko ko ñaawoowo wonnoo. Ko o balloowo hooreejo fedde janngooɓe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan (1976–1977). O heɓi M.Sc e peewnugol wuro e diiwaan to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Alabama A&M, Normal, Alabama Amerik e hitaande 1984. .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cardstechnology.com/display.php?mtd=directors.php?|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708120354/http://www.cardstechnology.com/display.php?mtd=directors.php%3F|url-status=dead|archive-date=2011-07-08|title=Card Technologies: Directors|publisher=Card Technologies|accessdate=2009-09-19}}</ref><ref name="selfad">{{cite web|url=http://nigeriaworld.com/feature/publication/arowolaju/111806.html|title=THE GOVERNOR WE NEED IN EKITI STATE (PART II)|date=November 18, 2006|publisher=NigeriaWorld|accessdate=2009-09-18}}</ref> kadi ko o Injenieer ordinateer seedantaagal A+, karallo Microsoft seedantaagal. Caggal nde o janngini hiisawal, caggal ɗuum o golliima e nder wuro, o naati e njulaagu e hitaande 1981 omo sooda e yeeyde pijirlooji e kasetuuji e nder leydi Najeriya. To Dental Dowlaaji Amerik, o sosi Institut de formation informatique..<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/web2/articles/13844/1/Who-wins-Ekiti-North-senatorial-rerun-/Page1.html|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Who wins Ekiti North senatorial rerun?|date=2009-08-13|accessdate=2009-09-18|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090817121658/http://thenationonlineng.net/web2/articles/13844/1/Who-wins-Ekiti-North-senatorial-rerun-/Page1.html|archivedate=2009-08-17|newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}</ref> E hitaande 2000 o sosi Cards Technology Limited, sosiyatee mahoowo lowre adannde ngam ƴellitde golle tataɓere e nder leydi ndi. sahara Afrik ngam MasterCard hakkunde leyɗeele. Ɗuum udditi laawol ngam hokkuki MasterCard ɗi ​​bankiiji lesdi Naajeeriya hokkata soodooɓe maɓɓe ngam non ɗum udditi laawol ngam Naajeeriya'en nasta nder filu e-commerce bana no en anndiri ɗum hande. O udditi kadi fedde wiyeteende Fortune Games Limited ngam loteri SMS. Golle Senaa Diiwaan Ekiti to leydi Najeriya Ayodele Arise suɓaama nder Senaa lesdi ngam diiwal Ekiti North nder hitaande 2007 nden o toɗɗaama hooreejo komitiiru senaa dow Privatization e tergal komitiiji goɗɗi ko hawti e nyaamande lesdi e yaasi, ndiyam, banki, assurance & hukuumaaji ceede feere. E lewru sulyee 2009, ñaawirdu jaɓi kuulal ngal Ñaawirde Toownde (Tribunal de Petitions d’Élection) e nder diiwaan Ekiti, ngal woppi woote Arise caggal nde kanndidaa Action Congress, hono Mr. Olubunmi Adetunmbi, waɗi ɗaɓɓaande, nde o tuumi ko ŋakkeende ɗooftaare mawnde e sariya wooteeji 2060. == Tuugnorgal == s7o4g5pgxjenm2646qbt2sotkjkuipe 0 43396 180777 2026-08-04T13:30:07Z Ilya Discuss 10103 Created page with "Andrew Abidemi Olugbenga Babalola // C(jibinaa ko ñalnde 17 feebariyee 1961) suɓaama senaateer to diiwaan Oyo worgo to diiwaan Oyo, leydi Najeriya, o fuɗɗii laamu ñalnde 29 lewru mbooy hitaande 2007. O jeyaa ko e lannda Demokaraasi yimɓe (PDP). Babalola heɓa dipolom BSc, e MBA (Angalteer), rewi heen ko DBA (Amerik). O waɗii golle keewɗe e nder golle kaalis gila 1986 haa o woppi golle. Caggal nde o jooɗii e Senaa, o toɗɗaa e goomuuji golle, konte laamu, paanda..." 180777 wikitext text/x-wiki Andrew Abidemi Olugbenga Babalola // C(jibinaa ko ñalnde 17 feebariyee 1961) suɓaama senaateer to diiwaan Oyo worgo to diiwaan Oyo, leydi Najeriya, o fuɗɗii laamu ñalnde 29 lewru mbooy hitaande 2007. O jeyaa ko e lannda Demokaraasi yimɓe (PDP). Babalola heɓa dipolom BSc, e MBA (Angalteer), rewi heen ko DBA (Amerik). O waɗii golle keewɗe e nder golle kaalis gila 1986 haa o woppi golle. Caggal nde o jooɗii e Senaa, o toɗɗaa e goomuuji golle, konte laamu, paandaale ƴellitaare ujunnaaje ujunnaaje, yah-ngartaa leydi, etikaaji & ɗaɓɓaande e ndema (cukko hooreejo). E nder ƴeewndo hakkundeejo senaateeruuji e lewru mee 2009, ThisDay wiyi o wallittaaki hay kuulal gootal kono o wallittaaki eɓɓaaɗe e wallitde jeewte e nder pleneer, o tawtoraama no feewi golle goomu nguu. E hitaande 2008, Senaa gooto jaɓi eɓɓaande nde Babalola ƴetti ngam ƴeewtaade caɗeele nguura leydi Najeriya e denndaangal fannuuji ndema. Tuugnorgal 5xtmk0zdolb0oiieara07vat9savcmz 180778 180777 2026-08-04T13:30:38Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180778 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}Andrew Abidemi Olugbenga Babalola // C(jibinaa ko ñalnde 17 feebariyee 1961) suɓaama senaateer to diiwaan Oyo worgo to diiwaan Oyo, leydi Najeriya, o fuɗɗii laamu ñalnde 29 lewru mbooy hitaande 2007. O jeyaa ko e lannda Demokaraasi yimɓe (PDP). Babalola heɓa dipolom BSc, e MBA (Angalteer), rewi heen ko DBA (Amerik). O waɗii golle keewɗe e nder golle kaalis gila 1986 haa o woppi golle. Caggal nde o jooɗii e Senaa, o toɗɗaa e goomuuji golle, konte laamu, paandaale ƴellitaare ujunnaaje ujunnaaje, yah-ngartaa leydi, etikaaji & ɗaɓɓaande e ndema (cukko hooreejo). E nder ƴeewndo hakkundeejo senaateeruuji e lewru mee 2009, ThisDay wiyi o wallittaaki hay kuulal gootal kono o wallittaaki eɓɓaaɗe e wallitde jeewte e nder pleneer, o tawtoraama no feewi golle goomu nguu. E hitaande 2008, Senaa gooto jaɓi eɓɓaande nde Babalola ƴetti ngam ƴeewtaade caɗeele nguura leydi Najeriya e denndaangal fannuuji ndema. Tuugnorgal 4xi7xij9ocycyso37qyctj924izfq02 180779 180778 2026-08-04T13:33:44Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180779 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}Andrew Abidemi Olugbenga Babalola // C(jibinaa ko ñalnde 17 feebariyee 1961) suɓaama senaateer to diiwaan Oyo worgo to diiwaan Oyo, leydi Najeriya, o fuɗɗii laamu ñalnde 29 lewru mbooy hitaande 2007. O jeyaa ko e lannda Demokaraasi yimɓe (PDP). Babalola heɓa dipolom BSc, e MBA (Angalteer), rewi heen ko DBA (Amerik). O waɗii golle keewɗe e nder golle kaalis gila 1986 haa o woppi golle. Caggal nde o jooɗii e Senaa, o toɗɗaa e goomuuji golle, konte laamu, paandaale ƴellitaare ujunnaaje ujunnaaje, yah-ngartaa leydi, etikaaji & ɗaɓɓaande e ndema (cukko hooreejo). E nder ƴeewndo hakkundeejo senaateeruuji e lewru mee 2009, ThisDay wiyi o wallittaaki hay kuulal gootal kono o wallittaaki eɓɓaaɗe e wallitde jeewte e nder pleneer, o tawtoraama no feewi golle goomu nguu. E hitaande 2008, Senaa gooto jaɓi eɓɓaande nde Babalola ƴetti ngam ƴeewtaade caɗeele nguura leydi Najeriya e denndaangal fannuuji ndema. == Tuugnorgal == nrmrtu7cs1dzv87t9zq2n1hyakd5dw9 180780 180779 2026-08-04T13:34:19Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180780 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Andrew Abidemi Olugbenga Babalola''' // C(jibinaa ko ñalnde 17 feebariyee 1961) suɓaama senaateer to diiwaan Oyo worgo to diiwaan Oyo, leydi Najeriya, o fuɗɗii laamu ñalnde 29 lewru mbooy hitaande 2007. O jeyaa ko e lannda Demokaraasi yimɓe (PDP). Babalola heɓa dipolom BSc, e MBA (Angalteer), rewi heen ko DBA (Amerik). O waɗii golle keewɗe e nder golle kaalis gila 1986 haa o woppi golle. Caggal nde o jooɗii e Senaa, o toɗɗaa e goomuuji golle, konte laamu, paandaale ƴellitaare ujunnaaje ujunnaaje, yah-ngartaa leydi, etikaaji & ɗaɓɓaande e ndema (cukko hooreejo). E nder ƴeewndo hakkundeejo senaateeruuji e lewru mee 2009, ThisDay wiyi o wallittaaki hay kuulal gootal kono o wallittaaki eɓɓaaɗe e wallitde jeewte e nder pleneer, o tawtoraama no feewi golle goomu nguu. E hitaande 2008, Senaa gooto jaɓi eɓɓaande nde Babalola ƴetti ngam ƴeewtaade caɗeele nguura leydi Najeriya e denndaangal fannuuji ndema. == Tuugnorgal == 7v8ncb7xlknab8crqgabsv97kenl0kc 180781 180780 2026-08-04T13:37:59Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180781 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Andrew Abidemi Olugbenga Babalola''' // C(jibinaa ko ñalnde 17 feebariyee 1961) suɓaama senaateer to diiwaan Oyo worgo to diiwaan Oyo, leydi Najeriya, o fuɗɗii laamu ñalnde 29 lewru mbooy hitaande 2007. O jeyaa ko e lannda Demokaraasi yimɓe (PDP). Babalola heɓa dipolom BSc, e MBA (Angalteer), rewi heen ko DBA (Amerik).<ref name="nassnig">{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=67&page=1&state=31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303185642/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=67&page=1&state=31|url-status=dead|archive-date=2016-03-03|publisher=National Assembly of Nigeria|title=Sen. Andrew A. Babalola|access-date=2010-06-13}}</ref> O waɗii golle keewɗe e nder golle kaalis gila 1986 haa o woppi golle. Caggal nde o jooɗii e Senaa, o toɗɗaa e goomuuji golle, konte laamu, paandaale ƴellitaare ujunnaaje ujunnaaje, yah-ngartaa leydi, etikaaji & ɗaɓɓaande e ndema (cukko hooreejo). E nder ƴeewndo hakkundeejo senaateeruuji e lewru mee 2009, ThisDay wiyi o wallittaaki hay kuulal gootal kono o wallittaaki eɓɓaaɗe e wallitde jeewte e nder pleneer, o tawtoraama no feewi golle goomu nguu. E hitaande 2008, Senaa gooto jaɓi eɓɓaande nde Babalola ƴetti ngam ƴeewtaade caɗeele nguura leydi Najeriya e denndaangal fannuuji ndema. == Tuugnorgal == jy28cggs2vrud0g1aj71zcvbuvtw9g8 180782 180781 2026-08-04T13:39:50Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180782 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Andrew Abidemi Olugbenga Babalola''' // C(jibinaa ko ñalnde 17 feebariyee 1961) suɓaama senaateer to diiwaan Oyo worgo to diiwaan Oyo, leydi Najeriya, o fuɗɗii laamu ñalnde 29 lewru mbooy hitaande 2007. O jeyaa ko e lannda Demokaraasi yimɓe (PDP). Babalola heɓa dipolom BSc, e MBA (Angalteer), rewi heen ko DBA (Amerik).<ref name="nassnig">{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=67&page=1&state=31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303185642/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=67&page=1&state=31|url-status=dead|archive-date=2016-03-03|publisher=National Assembly of Nigeria|title=Sen. Andrew A. Babalola|access-date=2010-06-13}}</ref> O waɗii golle keewɗe e nder golle kaalis gila 1986 haa o woppi golle. Caggal nde o jooɗii e Senaa, o toɗɗaa e goomuuji golle, konte laamu, paandaale ƴellitaare ujunnaaje ujunnaaje, yah-ngartaa leydi, etikaaji & ɗaɓɓaande e ndema (cukko hooreejo)..<ref name="nassnig2" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200905250350.html?viewall=1|title=An Improved Senate, But Some Uninspiring Senators...|work=ThisDay|date=24 May 2009|access-date=2010-06-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200907150558.html|title=Deep Roots of Food Crisis|work=Daily Trust|author=Turaki A. Hassan|date=15 July 2009|access-date=2010-06-13}}</ref> E nder ƴeewndo hakkundeejo senaateeruuji e lewru mee 2009, ThisDay wiyi o wallittaaki hay kuulal gootal kono o wallittaaki eɓɓaaɗe e wallitde jeewte e nder pleneer, o tawtoraama no feewi golle goomu nguu. E hitaande 2008, Senaa gooto jaɓi eɓɓaande nde Babalola ƴetti ngam ƴeewtaade caɗeele nguura leydi Najeriya e denndaangal fannuuji ndema. == Tuugnorgal == 7juvhti23nxdt2vrp1w11om9rzxuqwc 0 43397 180793 2026-08-04T14:01:19Z Ilya Discuss 10103 Created page with "Felix Kolawole Bajomo ((HeɗtoR); jibinaa ko ñalnde 7 lewru Yarkomaa 1947) ko limtoowo e politikyanke Najeriya, cuɓaaɗo tergal Senaa ngam diiwaan Ogun Hirnaange e nder diiwaan Ogun e lewru Abriil 2007. Ɓawo Felix Kolawole Bajomo jibinaa ko ñalnde 7 lewru bowte hitaande 1947. Ko o tergal fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e njoɓdi e njuɓɓudi (ACMA) e tergal fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e njulaagu (ACS). Ko adii nde o naatata e politik, ko o gardiiɗo, Banke Commercial Trust..." 180793 wikitext text/x-wiki Felix Kolawole Bajomo ((HeɗtoR); jibinaa ko ñalnde 7 lewru Yarkomaa 1947) ko limtoowo e politikyanke Najeriya, cuɓaaɗo tergal Senaa ngam diiwaan Ogun Hirnaange e nder diiwaan Ogun e lewru Abriil 2007. Ɓawo Felix Kolawole Bajomo jibinaa ko ñalnde 7 lewru bowte hitaande 1947. Ko o tergal fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e njoɓdi e njuɓɓudi (ACMA) e tergal fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e njulaagu (ACS). Ko adii nde o naatata e politik, ko o gardiiɗo, Banke Commercial Trust ; Gardiiɗo gollordu, Banke Union ; Gardiiɗo gollordu, Banke Savannah, e hooreejo fedde koɗki fedde nde (2005–2006). O wonnoo ko e sahaa gooto Hooreejo Oteluuji Gateway. O woniino kadi hooreejo fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e hiisaaji leydi Nijeer (ICAN). E hitaande 2003, Bajomo dañii kanndidaa Fedde Demokaraasi ngam suɓaade jooɗorde senaa Ogun West, kono Iyabo Anisulowo, gonnooɗo jaagorgal jaŋde hakkunde 1995 e 1998 e laamu Sanni Abacha, fooli ɗum. E lewru Yarkomaa 2005, Bajomo wayli e lannda PDP. Golle Senaa Diiwaan Ogun, leydi Najeriya E lewru abriil 2007, o dañii woote Senaa e tikket PDP, o suɓaa e diiwaan Ogun West. O toɗɗaa ko e goomuuji ko faati e Privatisation, Geɗe caggal leydi, Kaalis, Sosde & Golle laamu, Bankeeji, Assurance & Juɓɓule Kaalis goɗɗe e Appropriation. E lewru marse 2009, o naati e ƴaañorgal hakkunde guwerneer diiwaan Ogun biyeteeɗo Gbenga Daniel e senaateeruuji diiwaan Ogun biyeteeɗo Iyabo Obasanjo-Bello e Lekan Mustapha. Feere nde'e ɗon jokki haa lewru Siilo, mawɓe Yoruba'en ɗon mari bawɗe walliinde Gomnaajo Daniel nden wakkati wakili'en nayi e senateer'en ɗiɗo ɗon lutta nder luutndaare nden ɓe ɗon mari bawɗe tawtoreede batu nde hooreejo lesdi Yar'Adua yilli lesdi man. E lewru mee 2009, Bajomo ina jeyaa e senaateeruuji sappo baɗnooɗi njillu luulndiingo, tawi ko njoɓdi mum en fof yoɓaama, tawi ko kam en ngoni sabaabu sosiyeteeji petroŋ, e nder seminar ko fayti e kuulal petroŋ. Senaa yamirii yo Goomu mum toppitiingu ko fayti e Etikaaji, Koɗki e Ñaawirɗe Jaayɗe mbaɗtu wiɗto timmungo e haala kaa. Kono tan, yaltinde ciimtol goomu nguu ina jokki. E lewru Seeɗto hitaande 2009, o noddi ministeer kaalis, Banke mawɗo leydi Najeriya (CBN) e annduɓe faggudu woɗɓe ngam waɗde kaalis e faggudu leydi ndii. E haala makko e yeewtere adannde (IPO) ko adii caɗeele kaalis cakkitiiɗe ɗee, ɗo yimɓe heewɓe njoɓata cogguuli keewɗi, o wiyi wonde Komiseer toppitiiɗo ko fayti e kaalis ina foti jokkondirde e ɓeen waɗooɓe ɗum, kono wonaa Komiseer toppitiiɗo bonanndeeji faggudu e kaalis so wonaa tawa ina waɗi seedeeji laaɓtuɗi kollitooji fenaande. Ko adii ɗuum o hollitii wonde N420 miliyaaruuji ɗi CBN huutorii ngam hisnude bankeeji joy ɗii, ɗaɓɓaani ballal Asammbele ngenndi. Tuugnorgal fkb4mlzmj8in3vpupcigyc98z9c6qtu 180794 180793 2026-08-04T14:01:55Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180794 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}Felix Kolawole Bajomo ((HeɗtoR); jibinaa ko ñalnde 7 lewru Yarkomaa 1947) ko limtoowo e politikyanke Najeriya, cuɓaaɗo tergal Senaa ngam diiwaan Ogun Hirnaange e nder diiwaan Ogun e lewru Abriil 2007. Ɓawo Felix Kolawole Bajomo jibinaa ko ñalnde 7 lewru bowte hitaande 1947. Ko o tergal fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e njoɓdi e njuɓɓudi (ACMA) e tergal fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e njulaagu (ACS). Ko adii nde o naatata e politik, ko o gardiiɗo, Banke Commercial Trust ; Gardiiɗo gollordu, Banke Union ; Gardiiɗo gollordu, Banke Savannah, e hooreejo fedde koɗki fedde nde (2005–2006). O wonnoo ko e sahaa gooto Hooreejo Oteluuji Gateway. O woniino kadi hooreejo fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e hiisaaji leydi Nijeer (ICAN). E hitaande 2003, Bajomo dañii kanndidaa Fedde Demokaraasi ngam suɓaade jooɗorde senaa Ogun West, kono Iyabo Anisulowo, gonnooɗo jaagorgal jaŋde hakkunde 1995 e 1998 e laamu Sanni Abacha, fooli ɗum. E lewru Yarkomaa 2005, Bajomo wayli e lannda PDP. Golle Senaa Diiwaan Ogun, leydi Najeriya E lewru abriil 2007, o dañii woote Senaa e tikket PDP, o suɓaa e diiwaan Ogun West. O toɗɗaa ko e goomuuji ko faati e Privatisation, Geɗe caggal leydi, Kaalis, Sosde & Golle laamu, Bankeeji, Assurance & Juɓɓule Kaalis goɗɗe e Appropriation. E lewru marse 2009, o naati e ƴaañorgal hakkunde guwerneer diiwaan Ogun biyeteeɗo Gbenga Daniel e senaateeruuji diiwaan Ogun biyeteeɗo Iyabo Obasanjo-Bello e Lekan Mustapha. Feere nde'e ɗon jokki haa lewru Siilo, mawɓe Yoruba'en ɗon mari bawɗe walliinde Gomnaajo Daniel nden wakkati wakili'en nayi e senateer'en ɗiɗo ɗon lutta nder luutndaare nden ɓe ɗon mari bawɗe tawtoreede batu nde hooreejo lesdi Yar'Adua yilli lesdi man. E lewru mee 2009, Bajomo ina jeyaa e senaateeruuji sappo baɗnooɗi njillu luulndiingo, tawi ko njoɓdi mum en fof yoɓaama, tawi ko kam en ngoni sabaabu sosiyeteeji petroŋ, e nder seminar ko fayti e kuulal petroŋ. Senaa yamirii yo Goomu mum toppitiingu ko fayti e Etikaaji, Koɗki e Ñaawirɗe Jaayɗe mbaɗtu wiɗto timmungo e haala kaa. Kono tan, yaltinde ciimtol goomu nguu ina jokki. E lewru Seeɗto hitaande 2009, o noddi ministeer kaalis, Banke mawɗo leydi Najeriya (CBN) e annduɓe faggudu woɗɓe ngam waɗde kaalis e faggudu leydi ndii. E haala makko e yeewtere adannde (IPO) ko adii caɗeele kaalis cakkitiiɗe ɗee, ɗo yimɓe heewɓe njoɓata cogguuli keewɗi, o wiyi wonde Komiseer toppitiiɗo ko fayti e kaalis ina foti jokkondirde e ɓeen waɗooɓe ɗum, kono wonaa Komiseer toppitiiɗo bonanndeeji faggudu e kaalis so wonaa tawa ina waɗi seedeeji laaɓtuɗi kollitooji fenaande. Ko adii ɗuum o hollitii wonde N420 miliyaaruuji ɗi CBN huutorii ngam hisnude bankeeji joy ɗii, ɗaɓɓaani ballal Asammbele ngenndi. Tuugnorgal 37a5hqnkg0t5za3jrzo4cwsgrkfj0jk 180795 180794 2026-08-04T14:04:01Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180795 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Felix Kolawole Bajomo''' ((HeɗtoR); jibinaa ko ñalnde 7 lewru Yarkomaa 1947) ko limtoowo e politikyanke Najeriya, cuɓaaɗo tergal Senaa ngam diiwaan Ogun Hirnaange e nder diiwaan Ogun e lewru Abriil 2007. Ɓawo Felix Kolawole Bajomo jibinaa ko ñalnde 7 lewru bowte hitaande 1947. Ko o tergal fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e njoɓdi e njuɓɓudi (ACMA) e tergal fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e njulaagu (ACS). Ko adii nde o naatata e politik, ko o gardiiɗo, Banke Commercial Trust ; Gardiiɗo gollordu, Banke Union ; Gardiiɗo gollordu, Banke Savannah, e hooreejo fedde koɗki fedde nde (2005–2006). O wonnoo ko e sahaa gooto Hooreejo Oteluuji Gateway. O woniino kadi hooreejo fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e hiisaaji leydi Nijeer (ICAN). E hitaande 2003, Bajomo dañii kanndidaa Fedde Demokaraasi ngam suɓaade jooɗorde senaa Ogun West, kono Iyabo Anisulowo, gonnooɗo jaagorgal jaŋde hakkunde 1995 e 1998 e laamu Sanni Abacha, fooli ɗum. E lewru Yarkomaa 2005, Bajomo wayli e lannda PDP. Golle Senaa Diiwaan Ogun, leydi Najeriya E lewru abriil 2007, o dañii woote Senaa e tikket PDP, o suɓaa e diiwaan Ogun West. O toɗɗaa ko e goomuuji ko faati e Privatisation, Geɗe caggal leydi, Kaalis, Sosde & Golle laamu, Bankeeji, Assurance & Juɓɓule Kaalis goɗɗe e Appropriation. E lewru marse 2009, o naati e ƴaañorgal hakkunde guwerneer diiwaan Ogun biyeteeɗo Gbenga Daniel e senaateeruuji diiwaan Ogun biyeteeɗo Iyabo Obasanjo-Bello e Lekan Mustapha. Feere nde'e ɗon jokki haa lewru Siilo, mawɓe Yoruba'en ɗon mari bawɗe walliinde Gomnaajo Daniel nden wakkati wakili'en nayi e senateer'en ɗiɗo ɗon lutta nder luutndaare nden ɓe ɗon mari bawɗe tawtoreede batu nde hooreejo lesdi Yar'Adua yilli lesdi man. E lewru mee 2009, Bajomo ina jeyaa e senaateeruuji sappo baɗnooɗi njillu luulndiingo, tawi ko njoɓdi mum en fof yoɓaama, tawi ko kam en ngoni sabaabu sosiyeteeji petroŋ, e nder seminar ko fayti e kuulal petroŋ. Senaa yamirii yo Goomu mum toppitiingu ko fayti e Etikaaji, Koɗki e Ñaawirɗe Jaayɗe mbaɗtu wiɗto timmungo e haala kaa. Kono tan, yaltinde ciimtol goomu nguu ina jokki. E lewru Seeɗto hitaande 2009, o noddi ministeer kaalis, Banke mawɗo leydi Najeriya (CBN) e annduɓe faggudu woɗɓe ngam waɗde kaalis e faggudu leydi ndii. E haala makko e yeewtere adannde (IPO) ko adii caɗeele kaalis cakkitiiɗe ɗee, ɗo yimɓe heewɓe njoɓata cogguuli keewɗi, o wiyi wonde Komiseer toppitiiɗo ko fayti e kaalis ina foti jokkondirde e ɓeen waɗooɓe ɗum, kono wonaa Komiseer toppitiiɗo bonanndeeji faggudu e kaalis so wonaa tawa ina waɗi seedeeji laaɓtuɗi kollitooji fenaande. Ko adii ɗuum o hollitii wonde N420 miliyaaruuji ɗi CBN huutorii ngam hisnude bankeeji joy ɗii, ɗaɓɓaani ballal Asammbele ngenndi. == Tuugnorgal == agzgainl74n26kwddiqlrv9jwjh5hzd 180796 180795 2026-08-04T14:04:46Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180796 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Felix Kolawole Bajomo''' ((HeɗtoR); jibinaa ko ñalnde 7 lewru Yarkomaa 1947) ko limtoowo e politikyanke Najeriya, cuɓaaɗo tergal Senaa ngam diiwaan Ogun Hirnaange e nder diiwaan Ogun e lewru Abriil 2007.<ref name="nassnig">{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=102&page=1&state=28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303173129/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=102&page=1&state=28|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 March 2016|title=Sen. Felix Kolawole Bajomo|publisher=National Assembly of Nigeria|access-date=5 October 2009}}</ref> Ɓawo Felix Kolawole Bajomo jibinaa ko ñalnde 7 lewru bowte hitaande 1947. Ko o tergal fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e njoɓdi e njuɓɓudi (ACMA) e tergal fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e njulaagu (ACS). Ko adii nde o naatata e politik, ko o gardiiɗo, Banke Commercial Trust ; Gardiiɗo gollordu, Banke Union ; Gardiiɗo gollordu, Banke Savannah, e hooreejo fedde koɗki fedde nde (2005–2006). O wonnoo ko e sahaa gooto Hooreejo Oteluuji Gateway. O woniino kadi hooreejo fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e hiisaaji leydi Nijeer (ICAN). E hitaande 2003, Bajomo dañii kanndidaa Fedde Demokaraasi ngam suɓaade jooɗorde senaa Ogun West, kono Iyabo Anisulowo, gonnooɗo jaagorgal jaŋde hakkunde 1995 e 1998 e laamu Sanni Abacha, fooli ɗum. E lewru Yarkomaa 2005, Bajomo wayli e lannda PDP. Golle Senaa Diiwaan Ogun, leydi Najeriya E lewru abriil 2007, o dañii woote Senaa e tikket PDP, o suɓaa e diiwaan Ogun West. O toɗɗaa ko e goomuuji ko faati e Privatisation, Geɗe caggal leydi, Kaalis, Sosde & Golle laamu, Bankeeji, Assurance & Juɓɓule Kaalis goɗɗe e Appropriation. E lewru marse 2009, o naati e ƴaañorgal hakkunde guwerneer diiwaan Ogun biyeteeɗo Gbenga Daniel e senaateeruuji diiwaan Ogun biyeteeɗo Iyabo Obasanjo-Bello e Lekan Mustapha. Feere nde'e ɗon jokki haa lewru Siilo, mawɓe Yoruba'en ɗon mari bawɗe walliinde Gomnaajo Daniel nden wakkati wakili'en nayi e senateer'en ɗiɗo ɗon lutta nder luutndaare nden ɓe ɗon mari bawɗe tawtoreede batu nde hooreejo lesdi Yar'Adua yilli lesdi man. E lewru mee 2009, Bajomo ina jeyaa e senaateeruuji sappo baɗnooɗi njillu luulndiingo, tawi ko njoɓdi mum en fof yoɓaama, tawi ko kam en ngoni sabaabu sosiyeteeji petroŋ, e nder seminar ko fayti e kuulal petroŋ. Senaa yamirii yo Goomu mum toppitiingu ko fayti e Etikaaji, Koɗki e Ñaawirɗe Jaayɗe mbaɗtu wiɗto timmungo e haala kaa. Kono tan, yaltinde ciimtol goomu nguu ina jokki. E lewru Seeɗto hitaande 2009, o noddi ministeer kaalis, Banke mawɗo leydi Najeriya (CBN) e annduɓe faggudu woɗɓe ngam waɗde kaalis e faggudu leydi ndii. E haala makko e yeewtere adannde (IPO) ko adii caɗeele kaalis cakkitiiɗe ɗee, ɗo yimɓe heewɓe njoɓata cogguuli keewɗi, o wiyi wonde Komiseer toppitiiɗo ko fayti e kaalis ina foti jokkondirde e ɓeen waɗooɓe ɗum, kono wonaa Komiseer toppitiiɗo bonanndeeji faggudu e kaalis so wonaa tawa ina waɗi seedeeji laaɓtuɗi kollitooji fenaande. Ko adii ɗuum o hollitii wonde N420 miliyaaruuji ɗi CBN huutorii ngam hisnude bankeeji joy ɗii, ɗaɓɓaani ballal Asammbele ngenndi. == Tuugnorgal == bmgb5d027j7f0x8vq7wrh62nkrwuvnk 180797 180796 2026-08-04T14:06:01Z Ilya Discuss 10103 180797 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Felix Kolawole Bajomo''' ((HeɗtoR); jibinaa ko ñalnde 7 lewru Yarkomaa 1947) ko limtoowo e politikyanke Najeriya, cuɓaaɗo tergal Senaa ngam diiwaan Ogun Hirnaange e nder diiwaan Ogun e lewru Abriil 2007.<ref name="nassnig">{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=102&page=1&state=28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303173129/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=102&page=1&state=28|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 March 2016|title=Sen. Felix Kolawole Bajomo|publisher=National Assembly of Nigeria|access-date=5 October 2009}}</ref> Ɓawo Felix Kolawole Bajomo jibinaa ko ñalnde 7 lewru bowte hitaande 1947. Ko o tergal fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e njoɓdi e njuɓɓudi (ACMA) e tergal fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e njulaagu (ACS). Ko adii nde o naatata e politik, ko o gardiiɗo, Banke Commercial Trust ; Gardiiɗo gollordu, Banke Union ; Gardiiɗo gollordu, Banke Savannah, e hooreejo fedde koɗki fedde nde (2005–2006). O wonnoo ko e sahaa gooto Hooreejo Oteluuji Gateway. O woniino kadi hooreejo fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e hiisaaji leydi Nijeer (ICAN)..<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/politics/2009/june/17/politics-17-06-2009-001.htm|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Obasanjo's tenure, a lesson for others –Senator Bajomo|last1=Chimezie|first1=Brown|last2=Okafor|first2=Dickson|date=17 June 2009|access-date=5 October 2009|newspaper=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|The Sun]]}}{{Dead link|date=August 2019|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref name="noefcc">{{cite news|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200909160227.html|title=Bajomo – Legitimate Borrowers should not be Harassed by the EFCC|last=Ojeifo|first=Sufuyan|date=15 September 2009|work=[[This Day]]|access-date=5 October 2009|via=[[allAfrica]]}}</ref> E hitaande 2003, Bajomo dañii kanndidaa Fedde Demokaraasi ngam suɓaade jooɗorde senaa Ogun West, kono Iyabo Anisulowo, gonnooɗo jaagorgal jaŋde hakkunde 1995 e 1998 e laamu Sanni Abacha, fooli ɗum. E lewru Yarkomaa 2005, Bajomo wayli e lannda PDP. Golle Senaa Diiwaan Ogun, leydi Najeriya E lewru abriil 2007, o dañii woote Senaa e tikket PDP, o suɓaa e diiwaan Ogun West. O toɗɗaa ko e goomuuji ko faati e Privatisation, Geɗe caggal leydi, Kaalis, Sosde & Golle laamu, Bankeeji, Assurance & Juɓɓule Kaalis goɗɗe e Appropriation. E lewru marse 2009, o naati e ƴaañorgal hakkunde guwerneer diiwaan Ogun biyeteeɗo Gbenga Daniel e senaateeruuji diiwaan Ogun biyeteeɗo Iyabo Obasanjo-Bello e Lekan Mustapha. Feere nde'e ɗon jokki haa lewru Siilo, mawɓe Yoruba'en ɗon mari bawɗe walliinde Gomnaajo Daniel nden wakkati wakili'en nayi e senateer'en ɗiɗo ɗon lutta nder luutndaare nden ɓe ɗon mari bawɗe tawtoreede batu nde hooreejo lesdi Yar'Adua yilli lesdi man. E lewru mee 2009, Bajomo ina jeyaa e senaateeruuji sappo baɗnooɗi njillu luulndiingo, tawi ko njoɓdi mum en fof yoɓaama, tawi ko kam en ngoni sabaabu sosiyeteeji petroŋ, e nder seminar ko fayti e kuulal petroŋ. Senaa yamirii yo Goomu mum toppitiingu ko fayti e Etikaaji, Koɗki e Ñaawirɗe Jaayɗe mbaɗtu wiɗto timmungo e haala kaa. Kono tan, yaltinde ciimtol goomu nguu ina jokki. E lewru Seeɗto hitaande 2009, o noddi ministeer kaalis, Banke mawɗo leydi Najeriya (CBN) e annduɓe faggudu woɗɓe ngam waɗde kaalis e faggudu leydi ndii. E haala makko e yeewtere adannde (IPO) ko adii caɗeele kaalis cakkitiiɗe ɗee, ɗo yimɓe heewɓe njoɓata cogguuli keewɗi, o wiyi wonde Komiseer toppitiiɗo ko fayti e kaalis ina foti jokkondirde e ɓeen waɗooɓe ɗum, kono wonaa Komiseer toppitiiɗo bonanndeeji faggudu e kaalis so wonaa tawa ina waɗi seedeeji laaɓtuɗi kollitooji fenaande. Ko adii ɗuum o hollitii wonde N420 miliyaaruuji ɗi CBN huutorii ngam hisnude bankeeji joy ɗii, ɗaɓɓaani ballal Asammbele ngenndi. == Tuugnorgal == oo2g0kj4mkvthgo5tshfstqrc996aqr 181196 180797 2026-08-05T09:50:10Z Ilya Discuss 10103 181196 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Felix Kolawole Bajomo''' ((HeɗtoR); jibinaa ko ñalnde 7 lewru Yarkomaa 1947) ko limtoowo e politikyanke Najeriya, cuɓaaɗo tergal Senaa ngam diiwaan Ogun Hirnaange e nder diiwaan Ogun e lewru Abriil 2007.<ref name="nassnig">{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=102&page=1&state=28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303173129/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=102&page=1&state=28|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 March 2016|title=Sen. Felix Kolawole Bajomo|publisher=National Assembly of Nigeria|access-date=5 October 2009}}</ref> Ɓawo Felix Kolawole Bajomo jibinaa ko ñalnde 7 lewru bowte hitaande 1947. Ko o tergal fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e njoɓdi e njuɓɓudi (ACMA) e tergal fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e njulaagu (ACS). Ko adii nde o naatata e politik, ko o gardiiɗo, Banke Commercial Trust ; Gardiiɗo gollordu, Banke Union ; Gardiiɗo gollordu, Banke Savannah, e hooreejo fedde koɗki fedde nde (2005–2006). O wonnoo ko e sahaa gooto Hooreejo Oteluuji Gateway. O woniino kadi hooreejo fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e hiisaaji leydi Nijeer (ICAN)..<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/politics/2009/june/17/politics-17-06-2009-001.htm|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Obasanjo's tenure, a lesson for others –Senator Bajomo|last1=Chimezie|first1=Brown|last2=Okafor|first2=Dickson|date=17 June 2009|access-date=5 October 2009|newspaper=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|The Sun]]}}{{Dead link|date=August 2019|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref name="noefcc">{{cite news|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200909160227.html|title=Bajomo – Legitimate Borrowers should not be Harassed by the EFCC|last=Ojeifo|first=Sufuyan|date=15 September 2009|work=[[This Day]]|access-date=5 October 2009|via=[[allAfrica]]}}</ref> E hitaande 2003, Bajomo dañii kanndidaa Fedde Demokaraasi ngam suɓaade jooɗorde senaa Ogun West, kono Iyabo Anisulowo, gonnooɗo jaagorgal jaŋde hakkunde 1995 e 1998 e laamu Sanni Abacha, fooli ɗum.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ngrguardiannews.com/news/article01/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|date=14 May 2009|title=Senate probes bribery claims over oil bill|last1=Ogbodo|first1=John-Abba|author2=Azimazi Momoh Jimoh|access-date=5 October 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090422102827/https://www.ngrguardiannews.com/news/article01/|archive-date=22 April 2009|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}</ref> E lewru Yarkomaa 2005, Bajomo wayli e lannda PDP. Golle Senaa Diiwaan Ogun, leydi Najeriya E lewru abriil 2007, o dañii woote Senaa e tikket PDP, o suɓaa e diiwaan Ogun West. O toɗɗaa ko e goomuuji ko faati e Privatisation, Geɗe caggal leydi, Kaalis, Sosde & Golle laamu, Bankeeji, Assurance & Juɓɓule Kaalis goɗɗe e Appropriation. E lewru marse 2009, o naati e ƴaañorgal hakkunde guwerneer diiwaan Ogun biyeteeɗo Gbenga Daniel e senaateeruuji diiwaan Ogun biyeteeɗo Iyabo Obasanjo-Bello e Lekan Mustapha. Feere nde'e ɗon jokki haa lewru Siilo, mawɓe Yoruba'en ɗon mari bawɗe walliinde Gomnaajo Daniel nden wakkati wakili'en nayi e senateer'en ɗiɗo ɗon lutta nder luutndaare nden ɓe ɗon mari bawɗe tawtoreede batu nde hooreejo lesdi Yar'Adua yilli lesdi man. E lewru mee 2009, Bajomo ina jeyaa e senaateeruuji sappo baɗnooɗi njillu luulndiingo, tawi ko njoɓdi mum en fof yoɓaama, tawi ko kam en ngoni sabaabu sosiyeteeji petroŋ, e nder seminar ko fayti e kuulal petroŋ. Senaa yamirii yo Goomu mum toppitiingu ko fayti e Etikaaji, Koɗki e Ñaawirɗe Jaayɗe mbaɗtu wiɗto timmungo e haala kaa. Kono tan, yaltinde ciimtol goomu nguu ina jokki. E lewru Seeɗto hitaande 2009, o noddi ministeer kaalis, Banke mawɗo leydi Najeriya (CBN) e annduɓe faggudu woɗɓe ngam waɗde kaalis e faggudu leydi ndii. E haala makko e yeewtere adannde (IPO) ko adii caɗeele kaalis cakkitiiɗe ɗee, ɗo yimɓe heewɓe njoɓata cogguuli keewɗi, o wiyi wonde Komiseer toppitiiɗo ko fayti e kaalis ina foti jokkondirde e ɓeen waɗooɓe ɗum, kono wonaa Komiseer toppitiiɗo bonanndeeji faggudu e kaalis so wonaa tawa ina waɗi seedeeji laaɓtuɗi kollitooji fenaande. Ko adii ɗuum o hollitii wonde N420 miliyaaruuji ɗi CBN huutorii ngam hisnude bankeeji joy ɗii, ɗaɓɓaani ballal Asammbele ngenndi. == Tuugnorgal == t4j2eacw84tsji4dqu3gy97hlw3zn4c 181197 181196 2026-08-05T09:51:03Z Ilya Discuss 10103 181197 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Felix Kolawole Bajomo''' ((HeɗtoR); jibinaa ko ñalnde 7 lewru Yarkomaa 1947) ko limtoowo e politikyanke Najeriya, cuɓaaɗo tergal Senaa ngam diiwaan Ogun Hirnaange e nder diiwaan Ogun e lewru Abriil 2007.<ref name="nassnig">{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=102&page=1&state=28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303173129/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=102&page=1&state=28|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 March 2016|title=Sen. Felix Kolawole Bajomo|publisher=National Assembly of Nigeria|access-date=5 October 2009}}</ref> Ɓawo Felix Kolawole Bajomo jibinaa ko ñalnde 7 lewru bowte hitaande 1947. Ko o tergal fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e njoɓdi e njuɓɓudi (ACMA) e tergal fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e njulaagu (ACS). Ko adii nde o naatata e politik, ko o gardiiɗo, Banke Commercial Trust ; Gardiiɗo gollordu, Banke Union ; Gardiiɗo gollordu, Banke Savannah, e hooreejo fedde koɗki fedde nde (2005–2006). O wonnoo ko e sahaa gooto Hooreejo Oteluuji Gateway. O woniino kadi hooreejo fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e hiisaaji leydi Nijeer (ICAN)..<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/politics/2009/june/17/politics-17-06-2009-001.htm|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Obasanjo's tenure, a lesson for others –Senator Bajomo|last1=Chimezie|first1=Brown|last2=Okafor|first2=Dickson|date=17 June 2009|access-date=5 October 2009|newspaper=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|The Sun]]}}{{Dead link|date=August 2019|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref name="noefcc">{{cite news|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200909160227.html|title=Bajomo – Legitimate Borrowers should not be Harassed by the EFCC|last=Ojeifo|first=Sufuyan|date=15 September 2009|work=[[This Day]]|access-date=5 October 2009|via=[[allAfrica]]}}</ref> E hitaande 2003, Bajomo dañii kanndidaa Fedde Demokaraasi ngam suɓaade jooɗorde senaa Ogun West, kono Iyabo Anisulowo, gonnooɗo jaagorgal jaŋde hakkunde 1995 e 1998 e laamu Sanni Abacha, fooli ɗum.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ngrguardiannews.com/news/article01/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|date=14 May 2009|title=Senate probes bribery claims over oil bill|last1=Ogbodo|first1=John-Abba|author2=Azimazi Momoh Jimoh|access-date=5 October 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090422102827/https://www.ngrguardiannews.com/news/article01/|archive-date=22 April 2009|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}</ref> E lewru Yarkomaa 2005, Bajomo wayli e lannda PDP. Golle Senaa Diiwaan Ogun, leydi Najeriya E lewru abriil 2007, o dañii woote Senaa e tikket PDP, o suɓaa e diiwaan Ogun West..<ref>{{cite news|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200909110073.html|title=Bajomo – Bailout Fund Didn't Need Appropriation|last=Ojeifo|first=Sufuyan|date=11 September 2009|work=This Day|access-date=5 October 2009|via=allAfrica}}</ref> O toɗɗaa ko e goomuuji ko faati e Privatisation, Geɗe caggal leydi, Kaalis, Sosde & Golle laamu, Bankeeji, Assurance & Juɓɓule Kaalis goɗɗe e Appropriation. E lewru marse 2009, o naati e ƴaañorgal hakkunde guwerneer diiwaan Ogun biyeteeɗo Gbenga Daniel e senaateeruuji diiwaan Ogun biyeteeɗo Iyabo Obasanjo-Bello e Lekan Mustapha. Feere nde'e ɗon jokki haa lewru Siilo, mawɓe Yoruba'en ɗon mari bawɗe walliinde Gomnaajo Daniel nden wakkati wakili'en nayi e senateer'en ɗiɗo ɗon lutta nder luutndaare nden ɓe ɗon mari bawɗe tawtoreede batu nde hooreejo lesdi Yar'Adua yilli lesdi man. E lewru mee 2009, Bajomo ina jeyaa e senaateeruuji sappo baɗnooɗi njillu luulndiingo, tawi ko njoɓdi mum en fof yoɓaama, tawi ko kam en ngoni sabaabu sosiyeteeji petroŋ, e nder seminar ko fayti e kuulal petroŋ. Senaa yamirii yo Goomu mum toppitiingu ko fayti e Etikaaji, Koɗki e Ñaawirɗe Jaayɗe mbaɗtu wiɗto timmungo e haala kaa. Kono tan, yaltinde ciimtol goomu nguu ina jokki. E lewru Seeɗto hitaande 2009, o noddi ministeer kaalis, Banke mawɗo leydi Najeriya (CBN) e annduɓe faggudu woɗɓe ngam waɗde kaalis e faggudu leydi ndii. E haala makko e yeewtere adannde (IPO) ko adii caɗeele kaalis cakkitiiɗe ɗee, ɗo yimɓe heewɓe njoɓata cogguuli keewɗi, o wiyi wonde Komiseer toppitiiɗo ko fayti e kaalis ina foti jokkondirde e ɓeen waɗooɓe ɗum, kono wonaa Komiseer toppitiiɗo bonanndeeji faggudu e kaalis so wonaa tawa ina waɗi seedeeji laaɓtuɗi kollitooji fenaande. Ko adii ɗuum o hollitii wonde N420 miliyaaruuji ɗi CBN huutorii ngam hisnude bankeeji joy ɗii, ɗaɓɓaani ballal Asammbele ngenndi. == Tuugnorgal == ofuclxic1hth28r6mgi2gmvu4cebze4 181198 181197 2026-08-05T09:52:04Z Ilya Discuss 10103 181198 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Felix Kolawole Bajomo''' ((HeɗtoR); jibinaa ko ñalnde 7 lewru Yarkomaa 1947) ko limtoowo e politikyanke Najeriya, cuɓaaɗo tergal Senaa ngam diiwaan Ogun Hirnaange e nder diiwaan Ogun e lewru Abriil 2007.<ref name="nassnig">{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=102&page=1&state=28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303173129/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=102&page=1&state=28|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 March 2016|title=Sen. Felix Kolawole Bajomo|publisher=National Assembly of Nigeria|access-date=5 October 2009}}</ref> Ɓawo Felix Kolawole Bajomo jibinaa ko ñalnde 7 lewru bowte hitaande 1947. Ko o tergal fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e njoɓdi e njuɓɓudi (ACMA) e tergal fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e njulaagu (ACS). Ko adii nde o naatata e politik, ko o gardiiɗo, Banke Commercial Trust ; Gardiiɗo gollordu, Banke Union ; Gardiiɗo gollordu, Banke Savannah, e hooreejo fedde koɗki fedde nde (2005–2006). O wonnoo ko e sahaa gooto Hooreejo Oteluuji Gateway. O woniino kadi hooreejo fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e hiisaaji leydi Nijeer (ICAN)..<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/politics/2009/june/17/politics-17-06-2009-001.htm|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Obasanjo's tenure, a lesson for others –Senator Bajomo|last1=Chimezie|first1=Brown|last2=Okafor|first2=Dickson|date=17 June 2009|access-date=5 October 2009|newspaper=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|The Sun]]}}{{Dead link|date=August 2019|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref name="noefcc">{{cite news|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200909160227.html|title=Bajomo – Legitimate Borrowers should not be Harassed by the EFCC|last=Ojeifo|first=Sufuyan|date=15 September 2009|work=[[This Day]]|access-date=5 October 2009|via=[[allAfrica]]}}</ref> E hitaande 2003, Bajomo dañii kanndidaa Fedde Demokaraasi ngam suɓaade jooɗorde senaa Ogun West, kono Iyabo Anisulowo, gonnooɗo jaagorgal jaŋde hakkunde 1995 e 1998 e laamu Sanni Abacha, fooli ɗum.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ngrguardiannews.com/news/article01/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|date=14 May 2009|title=Senate probes bribery claims over oil bill|last1=Ogbodo|first1=John-Abba|author2=Azimazi Momoh Jimoh|access-date=5 October 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090422102827/https://www.ngrguardiannews.com/news/article01/|archive-date=22 April 2009|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}</ref> E lewru Yarkomaa 2005, Bajomo wayli e lannda PDP. Golle Senaa Diiwaan Ogun, leydi Najeriya E lewru abriil 2007, o dañii woote Senaa e tikket PDP, o suɓaa e diiwaan Ogun West..<ref>{{cite news|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200909110073.html|title=Bajomo – Bailout Fund Didn't Need Appropriation|last=Ojeifo|first=Sufuyan|date=11 September 2009|work=This Day|access-date=5 October 2009|via=allAfrica}}</ref> O toɗɗaa ko e goomuuji ko faati e Privatisation, Geɗe caggal leydi, Kaalis, Sosde & Golle laamu, Bankeeji, Assurance & Juɓɓule Kaalis goɗɗe e Appropriation. E lewru marse 2009, o naati e ƴaañorgal hakkunde guwerneer diiwaan Ogun biyeteeɗo Gbenga Daniel e senaateeruuji diiwaan Ogun biyeteeɗo Iyabo Obasanjo-Bello e Lekan Mustapha. Feere nde'e ɗon jokki haa lewru Siilo, mawɓe Yoruba'en ɗon mari bawɗe walliinde Gomnaajo Daniel nden wakkati wakili'en nayi e senateer'en ɗiɗo ɗon lutta nder luutndaare nden ɓe ɗon mari bawɗe tawtoreede batu nde hooreejo lesdi Yar'Adua yilli lesdi man. E lewru mee 2009, Bajomo ina jeyaa e senaateeruuji sappo baɗnooɗi njillu luulndiingo, tawi ko njoɓdi mum en fof yoɓaama, tawi ko kam en ngoni sabaabu sosiyeteeji petroŋ, e nder seminar ko fayti e kuulal petroŋ..<ref>{{cite news|url=https://ghanabusinessnews.com/2009/09/22/nigeria-senate-probe-report-on-ghana-visit-under-the-carpet/|date=22 September 2009|title=Nigeria Senate probe report on Ghana visit under the carpet?|work=Ghana Business News|access-date=5 October 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110815223355/https://www.ghanabusinessnews.com/2009/09/22/nigeria-senate-probe-report-on-ghana-visit-under-the-carpet/|archive-date=15 August 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> Senaa yamirii yo Goomu mum toppitiingu ko fayti e Etikaaji, Koɗki e Ñaawirɗe Jaayɗe mbaɗtu wiɗto timmungo e haala kaa. Kono tan, yaltinde ciimtol goomu nguu ina jokki. E lewru Seeɗto hitaande 2009, o noddi ministeer kaalis, Banke mawɗo leydi Najeriya (CBN) e annduɓe faggudu woɗɓe ngam waɗde kaalis e faggudu leydi ndii. E haala makko e yeewtere adannde (IPO) ko adii caɗeele kaalis cakkitiiɗe ɗee, ɗo yimɓe heewɓe njoɓata cogguuli keewɗi, o wiyi wonde Komiseer toppitiiɗo ko fayti e kaalis ina foti jokkondirde e ɓeen waɗooɓe ɗum, kono wonaa Komiseer toppitiiɗo bonanndeeji faggudu e kaalis so wonaa tawa ina waɗi seedeeji laaɓtuɗi kollitooji fenaande. Ko adii ɗuum o hollitii wonde N420 miliyaaruuji ɗi CBN huutorii ngam hisnude bankeeji joy ɗii, ɗaɓɓaani ballal Asammbele ngenndi. == Tuugnorgal == 1w9pg4pvdzu44hbnuavy8b6yf74gplj 181199 181198 2026-08-05T09:53:32Z Ilya Discuss 10103 181199 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Felix Kolawole Bajomo''' ((HeɗtoR); jibinaa ko ñalnde 7 lewru Yarkomaa 1947) ko limtoowo e politikyanke Najeriya, cuɓaaɗo tergal Senaa ngam diiwaan Ogun Hirnaange e nder diiwaan Ogun e lewru Abriil 2007.<ref name="nassnig">{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=102&page=1&state=28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303173129/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=102&page=1&state=28|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 March 2016|title=Sen. Felix Kolawole Bajomo|publisher=National Assembly of Nigeria|access-date=5 October 2009}}</ref> Ɓawo Felix Kolawole Bajomo jibinaa ko ñalnde 7 lewru bowte hitaande 1947. Ko o tergal fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e njoɓdi e njuɓɓudi (ACMA) e tergal fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e njulaagu (ACS). Ko adii nde o naatata e politik, ko o gardiiɗo, Banke Commercial Trust ; Gardiiɗo gollordu, Banke Union ; Gardiiɗo gollordu, Banke Savannah, e hooreejo fedde koɗki fedde nde (2005–2006). O wonnoo ko e sahaa gooto Hooreejo Oteluuji Gateway. O woniino kadi hooreejo fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e hiisaaji leydi Nijeer (ICAN)..<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/politics/2009/june/17/politics-17-06-2009-001.htm|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Obasanjo's tenure, a lesson for others –Senator Bajomo|last1=Chimezie|first1=Brown|last2=Okafor|first2=Dickson|date=17 June 2009|access-date=5 October 2009|newspaper=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|The Sun]]}}{{Dead link|date=August 2019|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref name="noefcc">{{cite news|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200909160227.html|title=Bajomo – Legitimate Borrowers should not be Harassed by the EFCC|last=Ojeifo|first=Sufuyan|date=15 September 2009|work=[[This Day]]|access-date=5 October 2009|via=[[allAfrica]]}}</ref> E hitaande 2003, Bajomo dañii kanndidaa Fedde Demokaraasi ngam suɓaade jooɗorde senaa Ogun West, kono Iyabo Anisulowo, gonnooɗo jaagorgal jaŋde hakkunde 1995 e 1998 e laamu Sanni Abacha, fooli ɗum.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ngrguardiannews.com/news/article01/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|date=14 May 2009|title=Senate probes bribery claims over oil bill|last1=Ogbodo|first1=John-Abba|author2=Azimazi Momoh Jimoh|access-date=5 October 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090422102827/https://www.ngrguardiannews.com/news/article01/|archive-date=22 April 2009|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}</ref> E lewru Yarkomaa 2005, Bajomo wayli e lannda PDP. Golle Senaa Diiwaan Ogun, leydi Najeriya E lewru abriil 2007, o dañii woote Senaa e tikket PDP, o suɓaa e diiwaan Ogun West..<ref>{{cite news|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200909110073.html|title=Bajomo – Bailout Fund Didn't Need Appropriation|last=Ojeifo|first=Sufuyan|date=11 September 2009|work=This Day|access-date=5 October 2009|via=allAfrica}}</ref> O toɗɗaa ko e goomuuji ko faati e Privatisation, Geɗe caggal leydi, Kaalis, Sosde & Golle laamu, Bankeeji, Assurance & Juɓɓule Kaalis goɗɗe e Appropriation. E lewru marse 2009, o naati e ƴaañorgal hakkunde guwerneer diiwaan Ogun biyeteeɗo Gbenga Daniel e senaateeruuji diiwaan Ogun biyeteeɗo Iyabo Obasanjo-Bello e Lekan Mustapha. Feere nde'e ɗon jokki haa lewru Siilo, mawɓe Yoruba'en ɗon mari bawɗe walliinde Gomnaajo Daniel nden wakkati wakili'en nayi e senateer'en ɗiɗo ɗon lutta nder luutndaare nden ɓe ɗon mari bawɗe tawtoreede batu nde hooreejo lesdi Yar'Adua yilli lesdi man. E lewru mee 2009, Bajomo ina jeyaa e senaateeruuji sappo baɗnooɗi njillu luulndiingo, tawi ko njoɓdi mum en fof yoɓaama, tawi ko kam en ngoni sabaabu sosiyeteeji petroŋ, e nder seminar ko fayti e kuulal petroŋ..<ref>{{cite news|url=https://ghanabusinessnews.com/2009/09/22/nigeria-senate-probe-report-on-ghana-visit-under-the-carpet/|date=22 September 2009|title=Nigeria Senate probe report on Ghana visit under the carpet?|work=Ghana Business News|access-date=5 October 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110815223355/https://www.ghanabusinessnews.com/2009/09/22/nigeria-senate-probe-report-on-ghana-visit-under-the-carpet/|archive-date=15 August 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> Senaa yamirii yo Goomu mum toppitiingu ko fayti e Etikaaji, Koɗki e Ñaawirɗe Jaayɗe mbaɗtu wiɗto timmungo e haala kaa. Kono tan, yaltinde ciimtol goomu nguu ina jokki. E lewru Seeɗto hitaande 2009, o noddi ministeer kaalis, Banke mawɗo leydi Najeriya (CBN) e annduɓe faggudu woɗɓe ngam waɗde kaalis e faggudu leydi ndii.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/politics/2009/june/17/politics-17-06-2009-001.htm|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Obasanjo's tenure, a lesson for others –Senator Bajomo|last1=Chimezie|first1=Brown|last2=Okafor|first2=Dickson|date=17 June 2009|access-date=5 October 2009|newspaper=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|The Sun]]}}{{Dead link|date=August 2019|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>.<ref name="noefcc2">{{cite news|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200909160227.html|title=Bajomo – Legitimate Borrowers should not be Harassed by the EFCC|last=Ojeifo|first=Sufuyan|date=15 September 2009|work=[[This Day]]|access-date=5 October 2009|via=[[allAfrica]]}}</ref> E haala makko e yeewtere adannde (IPO) ko adii caɗeele kaalis cakkitiiɗe ɗee, ɗo yimɓe heewɓe njoɓata cogguuli keewɗi, o wiyi wonde Komiseer toppitiiɗo ko fayti e kaalis ina foti jokkondirde e ɓeen waɗooɓe ɗum, kono wonaa Komiseer toppitiiɗo bonanndeeji faggudu e kaalis so wonaa tawa ina waɗi seedeeji laaɓtuɗi kollitooji fenaande. Ko adii ɗuum o hollitii wonde N420 miliyaaruuji ɗi CBN huutorii ngam hisnude bankeeji joy ɗii, ɗaɓɓaani ballal Asammbele ngenndi. == Tuugnorgal == 4unen0yotg22tq1ax1muetzdmue80tx 0 43398 181200 2026-08-05T09:55:18Z Ilya Discuss 10103 Created page with "Isaya Chawai Balat (23 Oktoobar 1952 – 18 Feebariyee 2014) ko siyaasyanke e njulaagu Najeriya ummoriiɗo to diiwaan Kaduna. O woniino senatoor leydi Naajeeriya lomtotooɗo diiwaan Kaduna Sud gila lewru mee 2003 haa lewru mee 2007, kadi ko o tergal lannda yimɓe. Ko adii nde o su6etee e nder Senaa, o woniino jaagorde dowla to bannge golle e koɗki e nder kabine hooreejo leydi Olusegun Obasanjo tuggi 1999 haa 2000. E lewru mee 2010, Balat toɗɗaa ko jaagorgal keeringal..." 181200 wikitext text/x-wiki Isaya Chawai Balat (23 Oktoobar 1952 – 18 Feebariyee 2014) ko siyaasyanke e njulaagu Najeriya ummoriiɗo to diiwaan Kaduna. O woniino senatoor leydi Naajeeriya lomtotooɗo diiwaan Kaduna Sud gila lewru mee 2003 haa lewru mee 2007, kadi ko o tergal lannda yimɓe. Ko adii nde o su6etee e nder Senaa, o woniino jaagorde dowla to bannge golle e koɗki e nder kabine hooreejo leydi Olusegun Obasanjo tuggi 1999 haa 2000. E lewru mee 2010, Balat toɗɗaa ko jaagorgal keeringal hooreejo leydi ndii e golle keertiiɗe (biro cukko hooreejo leydi ndii e hitaande 2010). Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗagol Isaiah Chawai Balat jibinaa ko ñalnde 23 lewru nduu hitaande 1952 to Gora (Kaňnai), wuro wonngo e nder diiwaan Kaduna, to leydi Najeriya. Baaba makko ko Gora jeyaa, yumma makko ko wuro wiyeteengo Kamuru. O jibinaa ko e galle jommbaajo debbo keewɗo no feewi e oon sahaa. Yumma Balat maayi ko juuti caggal jibineede makko. O waɗi duuɓi makko cakkitiiɗi ɗii ko e baasal, omo gollina e ngesa baaba makko omo resa jawdi. O fuɗɗii jaŋde makko leslesre ko e duɗal leslesal SIM to Gora (Kanai) e hitaande 1959, caggal ɗuum o arti e duɗal leslesal SIM Ungwar Tabo (Afabwang), ɗo o timmini jaŋde makko leslesre. Caggal ɗuum o yahi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Commerce Jos to diiwaan Plateau hakkunde 1966 e 1970 ngam jaŋde makko hakkundeere. Caggal nde o timmini jaŋde leslesre e caggal jaŋde leslesre, Balat naati e porogaraam sandwich e nder Marketing to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kaduna hakkunde 1976 e 1978. Ngam jaŋde makko toownde, o naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde njuɓɓudi (AMP) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Harvard to Boston, e hitaande 1991. Caggal ɗuum, Balat ƴetti jaŋde toownde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde St 1996 e hitaande 1998. E hitaande 2004, Balat tawtoraama Duɗal Wiɗtooji Nafooje Jaayɗe/ Porogaraam Heblo Banke Adunaajo ko faati e Reglemen e Peeje Nafooje to Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Florida, Florida, Amerik. gkt3kdc927yzjof1dei3syzfoqrcp3u 181201 181200 2026-08-05T09:57:38Z Ilya Discuss 10103 181201 wikitext text/x-wiki Isaya Chawai Balat (23 Oktoobar 1952 – 18 Feebariyee 2014) ko siyaasyanke e njulaagu Najeriya ummoriiɗo to diiwaan Kaduna. O woniino senatoor leydi Naajeeriya lomtotooɗo diiwaan Kaduna Sud gila lewru mee 2003 haa lewru mee 2007, kadi ko o tergal lannda yimɓe. Ko adii nde o su6etee e nder Senaa, o woniino jaagorde dowla to bannge golle e koɗki e nder kabine hooreejo leydi Olusegun Obasanjo tuggi 1999 haa 2000. E lewru mee 2010, Balat toɗɗaa ko jaagorgal keeringal hooreejo leydi ndii e golle keertiiɗe (biro cukko hooreejo leydi ndii e hitaande 2010). Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗagol Isaiah Chawai Balat jibinaa ko ñalnde 23 lewru nduu hitaande 1952 to Gora (Kaňnai), wuro wonngo e nder diiwaan Kaduna, to leydi Najeriya. Baaba makko ko Gora jeyaa, yumma makko ko wuro wiyeteengo Kamuru. O jibinaa ko e galle jommbaajo debbo keewɗo no feewi e oon sahaa. Yumma Balat maayi ko juuti caggal jibineede makko. O waɗi duuɓi makko cakkitiiɗi ɗii ko e baasal, omo gollina e ngesa baaba makko omo resa jawdi. O fuɗɗii jaŋde makko leslesre ko e duɗal leslesal SIM to Gora (Kanai) e hitaande 1959, caggal ɗuum o arti e duɗal leslesal SIM Ungwar Tabo (Afabwang), ɗo o timmini jaŋde makko leslesre. Caggal ɗuum o yahi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Commerce Jos to diiwaan Plateau hakkunde 1966 e 1970 ngam jaŋde makko hakkundeere. Caggal nde o timmini jaŋde leslesre e caggal jaŋde leslesre, Balat naati e porogaraam sandwich e nder Marketing to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kaduna hakkunde 1976 e 1978. Ngam jaŋde makko toownde, o naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde njuɓɓudi (AMP) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Harvard to Boston, e hitaande 1991. Caggal ɗuum, Balat ƴetti jaŋde toownde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde St 1996 e hitaande 1998. E hitaande 2004, Balat tawtoraama Duɗal Wiɗtooji Nafooje Jaayɗe/ Porogaraam Heblo Banke Adunaajo ko faati e Reglemen e Peeje Nafooje to Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Florida, Florida, Amerik. Golle e njulaagu Isaiah Balat golliima e BP plc (ko adii fof ko sosiyetee petroŋ Biritaan PLC., petroŋ Biritaan e BP Amoco PLC.) e nder diiwaan Kano hade makko nawtoreede to cafrirde maɓɓe Kaduna e hitaande 1973. O artiraa e tolno njuɓɓudi hade makko yaltude sosiyetee oo e hitaande 1978 ngam sosde sosiyetee makko keeriiɗo e Go services o Nijeer hooreejo e mawɗo gollordu. Nde o woni e njulaagu, Balat sosi CB Finance Group, sosiyatee jogiiɗo nafooje e sarwisaaji petroŋ e gaas, bankeeji, asiraaji e gollorɗe jowitiiɗe e ndema. Balat waɗii toɗɗe keewɗe toowɗe e nder njuɓɓudi laamu e nder sektoraa keeriiɗo e laamu. O woniino tergal e fedde ƴellitaare wuro diiwaan Kaduna (1979 1985), tergal e Goomu diiwaan Plateau ngam ƴellitde ngalu (1980 haa 1982), hooreejo piilaaɗo e njuɓɓudi njamndi Katsina gila 1980 haa 1983. Balat kadi wonnoo tergal e diiso ngoo, Fonds de formation industrielle gila 1987 haa 1994), hooreejo fedde nde e nder diiwaan Kaduna gila 1987 haa 1992, hooreejo fedde nde e nder diiwaan Kaduna e hitaande 1994 haa 1998 e tergal me Cor9al Nigerian 1994. Balat wonnoo kadi hooreejo suudu njulaagu, njulaagu, njulaagu e ndema Kaduna tuggi 1987 haa 1991, e oon sahaa o fuɗɗii e o fuɗɗii mahngo nokku njulaagu hakkunde leyɗeele Kaduna. O woniino cukko hooreejo, suudu njulaagu, njulaagu, miniraaji e ndema leydi Najeriya (NACCIMA) tuggi 1985 haa 1987, hooreejo kawtal Biritaniya (Kaduna/Kano Floors) e tergal kawtal lesdi Naajeeriya, tuggi 1993 haa 1996. O woniino gardiiɗo mo wonaa gollordu Guinness Nigeria gila 1996 haa 1999. Politik e toɗɗagol Fuɗɗoode golle politik E hitaande 1978, Isaya Balat woni hooreejo lanyol yimɓe Naajeeriya (NPP) nder diiwal Kaduna haa o ardi kawtal ngal tabitini suɓol Alhaji Abdulkadir Balarabe Musa ngam laatoo guwerneer siwil arandeejo diiwal Kaduna nder diiwal ɗiɗaɓal Naajeeriya. Caggal nde laamu Naajeeriya ɗiɗaɓuru joofi, o arti e golle makko keertiiɗe. Kono, e gargol politik lanndaaji ɗii e laamu Seneraal Ibraahiima Badamasi Babangida, o naati e lannda Sosiyaalist Demokaraasi (SDP) ɗo o anndiranoo jokkondiral makko e kanndidaa SDP ngam suɓaade hooreejo leydi ndii, hono hooreejo Moshood Kashimawo Olawale Abiola (MKO). Balat jokki nastuki nder siyaasaaku lanndaaji, nder hitaande 1998, Balat warti hooreejo lesdi Kaduna ngam hukuumaaji kampaañ Obasanjo. 0osfm7mrz0bnk2pxlusw2b60b1sbs71 181202 181201 2026-08-05T10:00:34Z Ilya Discuss 10103 181202 wikitext text/x-wiki Isaya Chawai Balat (23 Oktoobar 1952 – 18 Feebariyee 2014) ko siyaasyanke e njulaagu Najeriya ummoriiɗo to diiwaan Kaduna. O woniino senatoor leydi Naajeeriya lomtotooɗo diiwaan Kaduna Sud gila lewru mee 2003 haa lewru mee 2007, kadi ko o tergal lannda yimɓe. Ko adii nde o su6etee e nder Senaa, o woniino jaagorde dowla to bannge golle e koɗki e nder kabine hooreejo leydi Olusegun Obasanjo tuggi 1999 haa 2000. E lewru mee 2010, Balat toɗɗaa ko jaagorgal keeringal hooreejo leydi ndii e golle keertiiɗe (biro cukko hooreejo leydi ndii e hitaande 2010). Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗagol Isaiah Chawai Balat jibinaa ko ñalnde 23 lewru nduu hitaande 1952 to Gora (Kaňnai), wuro wonngo e nder diiwaan Kaduna, to leydi Najeriya. Baaba makko ko Gora jeyaa, yumma makko ko wuro wiyeteengo Kamuru. O jibinaa ko e galle jommbaajo debbo keewɗo no feewi e oon sahaa. Yumma Balat maayi ko juuti caggal jibineede makko. O waɗi duuɓi makko cakkitiiɗi ɗii ko e baasal, omo gollina e ngesa baaba makko omo resa jawdi. O fuɗɗii jaŋde makko leslesre ko e duɗal leslesal SIM to Gora (Kanai) e hitaande 1959, caggal ɗuum o arti e duɗal leslesal SIM Ungwar Tabo (Afabwang), ɗo o timmini jaŋde makko leslesre. Caggal ɗuum o yahi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Commerce Jos to diiwaan Plateau hakkunde 1966 e 1970 ngam jaŋde makko hakkundeere. Caggal nde o timmini jaŋde leslesre e caggal jaŋde leslesre, Balat naati e porogaraam sandwich e nder Marketing to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kaduna hakkunde 1976 e 1978. Ngam jaŋde makko toownde, o naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde njuɓɓudi (AMP) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Harvard to Boston, e hitaande 1991. Caggal ɗuum, Balat ƴetti jaŋde toownde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde St 1996 e hitaande 1998. E hitaande 2004, Balat tawtoraama Duɗal Wiɗtooji Nafooje Jaayɗe/ Porogaraam Heblo Banke Adunaajo ko faati e Reglemen e Peeje Nafooje to Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Florida, Florida, Amerik. Golle e njulaagu Isaiah Balat golliima e BP plc (ko adii fof ko sosiyetee petroŋ Biritaan PLC., petroŋ Biritaan e BP Amoco PLC.) e nder diiwaan Kano hade makko nawtoreede to cafrirde maɓɓe Kaduna e hitaande 1973. O artiraa e tolno njuɓɓudi hade makko yaltude sosiyetee oo e hitaande 1978 ngam sosde sosiyetee makko keeriiɗo e Go services o Nijeer hooreejo e mawɗo gollordu. Nde o woni e njulaagu, Balat sosi CB Finance Group, sosiyatee jogiiɗo nafooje e sarwisaaji petroŋ e gaas, bankeeji, asiraaji e gollorɗe jowitiiɗe e ndema. Balat waɗii toɗɗe keewɗe toowɗe e nder njuɓɓudi laamu e nder sektoraa keeriiɗo e laamu. O woniino tergal e fedde ƴellitaare wuro diiwaan Kaduna (1979 1985), tergal e Goomu diiwaan Plateau ngam ƴellitde ngalu (1980 haa 1982), hooreejo piilaaɗo e njuɓɓudi njamndi Katsina gila 1980 haa 1983. Balat kadi wonnoo tergal e diiso ngoo, Fonds de formation industrielle gila 1987 haa 1994), hooreejo fedde nde e nder diiwaan Kaduna gila 1987 haa 1992, hooreejo fedde nde e nder diiwaan Kaduna e hitaande 1994 haa 1998 e tergal me Cor9al Nigerian 1994. Balat wonnoo kadi hooreejo suudu njulaagu, njulaagu, njulaagu e ndema Kaduna tuggi 1987 haa 1991, e oon sahaa o fuɗɗii e o fuɗɗii mahngo nokku njulaagu hakkunde leyɗeele Kaduna. O woniino cukko hooreejo, suudu njulaagu, njulaagu, miniraaji e ndema leydi Najeriya (NACCIMA) tuggi 1985 haa 1987, hooreejo kawtal Biritaniya (Kaduna/Kano Floors) e tergal kawtal lesdi Naajeeriya, tuggi 1993 haa 1996. O woniino gardiiɗo mo wonaa gollordu Guinness Nigeria gila 1996 haa 1999. Politik e toɗɗagol Fuɗɗoode golle politik E hitaande 1978, Isaya Balat woni hooreejo lanyol yimɓe Naajeeriya (NPP) nder diiwal Kaduna haa o ardi kawtal ngal tabitini suɓol Alhaji Abdulkadir Balarabe Musa ngam laatoo guwerneer siwil arandeejo diiwal Kaduna nder diiwal ɗiɗaɓal Naajeeriya. Caggal nde laamu Naajeeriya ɗiɗaɓuru joofi, o arti e golle makko keertiiɗe. Kono, e gargol politik lanndaaji ɗii e laamu Seneraal Ibraahiima Badamasi Babangida, o naati e lannda Sosiyaalist Demokaraasi (SDP) ɗo o anndiranoo jokkondiral makko e kanndidaa SDP ngam suɓaade hooreejo leydi ndii, hono hooreejo Moshood Kashimawo Olawale Abiola (MKO). Balat jokki nastuki nder siyaasaaku lanndaaji, nder hitaande 1998, Balat warti hooreejo lesdi Kaduna ngam hukuumaaji kampaañ Obasanjo. Jaagorgal golle e koɗki (dowla) E lewru suwee 1999, Isaiah Balat toɗɗaa jaagorgal dowla to bannge golle e koɗki e nder kabine hooreejo leydi Olusegun Obasanjo. Ko o jaagorgal dowla golle o yaltini golle toppitiiɗe e ƴeewndo eɓɓaaɗe ministeer oo tawi ina jeyaa heen : Laawol Kaduna - Kachia Gimi, Banndiraaɓe dow Peewnugol laawol Vom - Manchok ngol fuɗɗii ko ñalnde 1 feebariyee 2000 Pewnugol pont dow maayo Wonderful to Kafanchan 20 abriil 2000 Feewnitde Saminaka - Samaru Kataf - laawol Kafanchan 20 abriil 2000 Hokkude laabi 132KV ummoraade Jos haa Kafanchan e mahngo 2 x 60MVA, 132/33KV to Kafanchan Seneraal Asaambele ngenndi 5ɓo E hitaande 2003, Balat suɓaama e dow ɓural mawngal ngam wonde senateer mo leydi Naajeeriya, gardinooɗo diiwaan senateeruuji Kaduna, mo diiwaan Kaduna.[circular reference] E nder dumunna mo o woni senaateer oo, ko kanko woni hooreejo Goomu Senaa ngam Privatisation fotde duuɓi ɗiɗi jokkondirɗi e nder ɗuum o ardii Goomu Senaa e Goomuuji suudu sarɗiiji ngam Privatisation e nder njillu janngugol ko faati e peewnugol portooji to Amerik e Meksik, ɗo miijooji juutɗi ko fayti e Privatisation e Njuɓɓudi Portuuji keɓaa. Gaagaa golle makko e yahrude yeeso sariyaaji jowitiiɗi e privatisation, o woniino kadi hooreejo, Goomu Senaa ngam haɓaade fenaande e ɗo o gollotoo ngam ƴellitde kuule yahrude yeeso e laaɓal e nder laamu. E nder laamu makko, Balat wonnoo kadi ko tergal e Goomu Senaa toppitiiɗo ko fayti e kaalis e kaalis, Goomu Senaa toppitiingu ko fayti e ndeenka e Goomu Senaa toppitiingu doole e njamndi. Kandidaajo guwerneer lesdi Kaduna hitaande 2007 E hitaande 2007, Balat wonnoo ko kanndidaa gadano ngam suɓaade hooreejo leydi Kaduna e les njiimaandi PDP, o fooli Arc. Namadi Sambo e woote ɗiɗmere. Ngam Kampaañ makko Guwerneer e hitaande 2007, Balat huutoriima helmere – "Wadata" firti ko "Stock" e ɗemngal Hausa. Konngol ngol waɗii faayiida no feewi e nder kampaañ hee, ngol huutortee ko ngam hollirde dille mbayliigu e nder dowri ndii. 2010 Fedde kawral politik to bannge worgo ("G-20") Balat waɗii nafoore mawnde e sosde fedde kawral politik to bannge worgo - G-20 - yuɓɓinaande to Kaduna ñalnde 16 e 17 marse 2010. Tiitoonde e ko ɓuri teeŋtude e G-20 ko ƴellitde ajendaaji ngam waylude renndo e faggudu e nder Fuɗnaange leydi Najeriya. Nde dañii nafoore mawnde e tawtoreede yimɓe heewɓe e nder renndo politik, faggudu, jannginooɓe, annduɓe e teknokraat en e nder denndaangal fannuuji e nokkuuji leydi ndii. Ciimtol maggol e kuule maggol ina tiiɗi, ina woɗɗi, haa arti noon e ƴettude peeje faggudu Fuɗnaange. na548qbtg6wlsi2r69ispmg25mhnoyb 181203 181202 2026-08-05T10:02:05Z Ilya Discuss 10103 181203 wikitext text/x-wiki Isaya Chawai Balat (23 Oktoobar 1952 – 18 Feebariyee 2014) ko siyaasyanke e njulaagu Najeriya ummoriiɗo to diiwaan Kaduna. O woniino senatoor leydi Naajeeriya lomtotooɗo diiwaan Kaduna Sud gila lewru mee 2003 haa lewru mee 2007, kadi ko o tergal lannda yimɓe. Ko adii nde o su6etee e nder Senaa, o woniino jaagorde dowla to bannge golle e koɗki e nder kabine hooreejo leydi Olusegun Obasanjo tuggi 1999 haa 2000. E lewru mee 2010, Balat toɗɗaa ko jaagorgal keeringal hooreejo leydi ndii e golle keertiiɗe (biro cukko hooreejo leydi ndii e hitaande 2010). Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗagol Isaiah Chawai Balat jibinaa ko ñalnde 23 lewru nduu hitaande 1952 to Gora (Kaňnai), wuro wonngo e nder diiwaan Kaduna, to leydi Najeriya. Baaba makko ko Gora jeyaa, yumma makko ko wuro wiyeteengo Kamuru. O jibinaa ko e galle jommbaajo debbo keewɗo no feewi e oon sahaa. Yumma Balat maayi ko juuti caggal jibineede makko. O waɗi duuɓi makko cakkitiiɗi ɗii ko e baasal, omo gollina e ngesa baaba makko omo resa jawdi. O fuɗɗii jaŋde makko leslesre ko e duɗal leslesal SIM to Gora (Kanai) e hitaande 1959, caggal ɗuum o arti e duɗal leslesal SIM Ungwar Tabo (Afabwang), ɗo o timmini jaŋde makko leslesre. Caggal ɗuum o yahi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Commerce Jos to diiwaan Plateau hakkunde 1966 e 1970 ngam jaŋde makko hakkundeere. Caggal nde o timmini jaŋde leslesre e caggal jaŋde leslesre, Balat naati e porogaraam sandwich e nder Marketing to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kaduna hakkunde 1976 e 1978. Ngam jaŋde makko toownde, o naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde njuɓɓudi (AMP) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Harvard to Boston, e hitaande 1991. Caggal ɗuum, Balat ƴetti jaŋde toownde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde St 1996 e hitaande 1998. E hitaande 2004, Balat tawtoraama Duɗal Wiɗtooji Nafooje Jaayɗe/ Porogaraam Heblo Banke Adunaajo ko faati e Reglemen e Peeje Nafooje to Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Florida, Florida, Amerik. Golle e njulaagu Isaiah Balat golliima e BP plc (ko adii fof ko sosiyetee petroŋ Biritaan PLC., petroŋ Biritaan e BP Amoco PLC.) e nder diiwaan Kano hade makko nawtoreede to cafrirde maɓɓe Kaduna e hitaande 1973. O artiraa e tolno njuɓɓudi hade makko yaltude sosiyetee oo e hitaande 1978 ngam sosde sosiyetee makko keeriiɗo e Go services o Nijeer hooreejo e mawɗo gollordu. Nde o woni e njulaagu, Balat sosi CB Finance Group, sosiyatee jogiiɗo nafooje e sarwisaaji petroŋ e gaas, bankeeji, asiraaji e gollorɗe jowitiiɗe e ndema. Balat waɗii toɗɗe keewɗe toowɗe e nder njuɓɓudi laamu e nder sektoraa keeriiɗo e laamu. O woniino tergal e fedde ƴellitaare wuro diiwaan Kaduna (1979 1985), tergal e Goomu diiwaan Plateau ngam ƴellitde ngalu (1980 haa 1982), hooreejo piilaaɗo e njuɓɓudi njamndi Katsina gila 1980 haa 1983. Balat kadi wonnoo tergal e diiso ngoo, Fonds de formation industrielle gila 1987 haa 1994), hooreejo fedde nde e nder diiwaan Kaduna gila 1987 haa 1992, hooreejo fedde nde e nder diiwaan Kaduna e hitaande 1994 haa 1998 e tergal me Cor9al Nigerian 1994. Balat wonnoo kadi hooreejo suudu njulaagu, njulaagu, njulaagu e ndema Kaduna tuggi 1987 haa 1991, e oon sahaa o fuɗɗii e o fuɗɗii mahngo nokku njulaagu hakkunde leyɗeele Kaduna. O woniino cukko hooreejo, suudu njulaagu, njulaagu, miniraaji e ndema leydi Najeriya (NACCIMA) tuggi 1985 haa 1987, hooreejo kawtal Biritaniya (Kaduna/Kano Floors) e tergal kawtal lesdi Naajeeriya, tuggi 1993 haa 1996. O woniino gardiiɗo mo wonaa gollordu Guinness Nigeria gila 1996 haa 1999. Politik e toɗɗagol Fuɗɗoode golle politik E hitaande 1978, Isaya Balat woni hooreejo lanyol yimɓe Naajeeriya (NPP) nder diiwal Kaduna haa o ardi kawtal ngal tabitini suɓol Alhaji Abdulkadir Balarabe Musa ngam laatoo guwerneer siwil arandeejo diiwal Kaduna nder diiwal ɗiɗaɓal Naajeeriya. Caggal nde laamu Naajeeriya ɗiɗaɓuru joofi, o arti e golle makko keertiiɗe. Kono, e gargol politik lanndaaji ɗii e laamu Seneraal Ibraahiima Badamasi Babangida, o naati e lannda Sosiyaalist Demokaraasi (SDP) ɗo o anndiranoo jokkondiral makko e kanndidaa SDP ngam suɓaade hooreejo leydi ndii, hono hooreejo Moshood Kashimawo Olawale Abiola (MKO). Balat jokki nastuki nder siyaasaaku lanndaaji, nder hitaande 1998, Balat warti hooreejo lesdi Kaduna ngam hukuumaaji kampaañ Obasanjo. Jaagorgal golle e koɗki (dowla) E lewru suwee 1999, Isaiah Balat toɗɗaa jaagorgal dowla to bannge golle e koɗki e nder kabine hooreejo leydi Olusegun Obasanjo. Ko o jaagorgal dowla golle o yaltini golle toppitiiɗe e ƴeewndo eɓɓaaɗe ministeer oo tawi ina jeyaa heen : Laawol Kaduna - Kachia Gimi, Banndiraaɓe dow Peewnugol laawol Vom - Manchok ngol fuɗɗii ko ñalnde 1 feebariyee 2000 Pewnugol pont dow maayo Wonderful to Kafanchan 20 abriil 2000 Feewnitde Saminaka - Samaru Kataf - laawol Kafanchan 20 abriil 2000 Hokkude laabi 132KV ummoraade Jos haa Kafanchan e mahngo 2 x 60MVA, 132/33KV to Kafanchan Seneraal Asaambele ngenndi 5ɓo E hitaande 2003, Balat suɓaama e dow ɓural mawngal ngam wonde senateer mo leydi Naajeeriya, gardinooɗo diiwaan senateeruuji Kaduna, mo diiwaan Kaduna.[circular reference] E nder dumunna mo o woni senaateer oo, ko kanko woni hooreejo Goomu Senaa ngam Privatisation fotde duuɓi ɗiɗi jokkondirɗi e nder ɗuum o ardii Goomu Senaa e Goomuuji suudu sarɗiiji ngam Privatisation e nder njillu janngugol ko faati e peewnugol portooji to Amerik e Meksik, ɗo miijooji juutɗi ko fayti e Privatisation e Njuɓɓudi Portuuji keɓaa. Gaagaa golle makko e yahrude yeeso sariyaaji jowitiiɗi e privatisation, o woniino kadi hooreejo, Goomu Senaa ngam haɓaade fenaande e ɗo o gollotoo ngam ƴellitde kuule yahrude yeeso e laaɓal e nder laamu. E nder laamu makko, Balat wonnoo kadi ko tergal e Goomu Senaa toppitiiɗo ko fayti e kaalis e kaalis, Goomu Senaa toppitiingu ko fayti e ndeenka e Goomu Senaa toppitiingu doole e njamndi. Kandidaajo guwerneer lesdi Kaduna hitaande 2007 E hitaande 2007, Balat wonnoo ko kanndidaa gadano ngam suɓaade hooreejo leydi Kaduna e les njiimaandi PDP, o fooli Arc. Namadi Sambo e woote ɗiɗmere. Ngam Kampaañ makko Guwerneer e hitaande 2007, Balat huutoriima helmere – "Wadata" firti ko "Stock" e ɗemngal Hausa. Konngol ngol waɗii faayiida no feewi e nder kampaañ hee, ngol huutortee ko ngam hollirde dille mbayliigu e nder dowri ndii. 2010 Fedde kawral politik to bannge worgo ("G-20") Balat waɗii nafoore mawnde e sosde fedde kawral politik to bannge worgo - G-20 - yuɓɓinaande to Kaduna ñalnde 16 e 17 marse 2010. Tiitoonde e ko ɓuri teeŋtude e G-20 ko ƴellitde ajendaaji ngam waylude renndo e faggudu e nder Fuɗnaange leydi Najeriya. Nde dañii nafoore mawnde e tawtoreede yimɓe heewɓe e nder renndo politik, faggudu, jannginooɓe, annduɓe e teknokraat en e nder denndaangal fannuuji e nokkuuji leydi ndii. Ciimtol maggol e kuule maggol ina tiiɗi, ina woɗɗi, haa arti noon e ƴettude peeje faggudu Fuɗnaange. Wasiijo keeriiɗo ngam golle keewɗe (biro cukko hooreejo leydi Najeriya E lewru mee 2010, Isaiah Balat toɗɗaa yo won jaagorgal keeringal to bannge golle keertiiɗe (biro cukko hooreejo leydi) ɗo o gollinoo haa o sankii. Terɗe goomu goɗɗum hawti bee Kawtal lesdi dow Privatization – Goomu lesdi dow Privatization Jaaynde Naajeeriya kesum e kawtal lesdi dow Privatization’s ad-hoc komite dow ceede BPE. Golle hakkunde leyɗeele Isaiah Balat tawtoraama batu Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe yuɓɓini ko adii Rajo Komiseer Fuɗnaange e gardagol Late Dr. Julius Nyerere, gonnooɗo hooreejo leydi Tansani, batu nguu ƴeewtindii e wasiyiima laabi ngam ustude ŋakkeende nguura leƴƴi e nder hemisfeer Fuɗnaange e Fuɗnaange. Balat ardii Delegaasiyoŋaaji njulaagu leydi Naajeeriya to Koree worgo, Amerik, Angalteer, Kanadaa, Almaañ, Japon, Beresiil, Afrik worgo e Namibia ngam semmbiɗinde jom jawdi en e nder leyɗeele ɗe ngam waɗde jawdi mum en e faggudu leydi Naajeeriya. Filantropi E hitaande 2005, Balat sosi fedde wiyeteende Isaiah Balat, nde faandaare mum woni faggaade ko ina tolnoo e miliyoŋ neɗɗo e nder diiwaan Kaduna ngam haɓaade ñawu nguu. Balat waɗii eɓɓaaɗe keewɗe moƴƴe ngam semmbinde. E nder fedde Isaiah Balat, o rokkii ballal safaara tawa ko e ballal miskineeɓe, waasɓe e waasɓe e nder renndo, haa teeŋti noon e nder renndooji teeru. Balat ina wallitnoo e wallitde jaŋde sukaaɓe waasɓe. Teddungal e njeenaaje Isaiah Balat heɓi teddungal keewngal ngam anndinde golle makko e renndo makko dowla, leydi e winndere nde. E hitaande 1990 o rokkaama njeenaari kaŋŋe to suudu sarɗiiji Orop ngam ƴellitaare njulaagu e kaalis, ngam ƴellitde njulaagu hakkunde leydi Nijeer e Dental Orop. E hitaande 1991, o heɓi njeenaari mawndi ndi almuɓɓe diiwaan Kaduna ngam darnde makko e ɓamtaare faggudu leydi ndii. E hitaande 2000, Balat rokkaama njeenaari njulaagu e ƴellitaare hakkunde leyɗeele ngam ƴellitde njulaagu e njulaagu hakkunde leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik e Niiseer, tawi ko suudu njulaagu e njeeygu Afrik-Amerik, Los Angeles, Kaliforni, Amerik. E hitaande 2000 o waɗtaa kadi cukko hooreejo teddungal e nder nguurndam suudu njulaagu, njulaagu, njulaagu e ndema leydi Najeriya (NACCIMA). Balat ko Fedde mawnde to Duɗal Ardiiɓe (UK). Maayde e ndonu O sankii ko ñalnde 18 feebariyee 2014 to Abuja caggal rafi seeɗa. O wirnaa ko to Bafoi-Kanai e nder diiwaan Kaduna. Tuugnorgal hsolouzg5n0dww7czcz6iyh8vqgthjq 181204 181203 2026-08-05T10:02:35Z Ilya Discuss 10103 181204 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}Isaya Chawai Balat (23 Oktoobar 1952 – 18 Feebariyee 2014) ko siyaasyanke e njulaagu Najeriya ummoriiɗo to diiwaan Kaduna. O woniino senatoor leydi Naajeeriya lomtotooɗo diiwaan Kaduna Sud gila lewru mee 2003 haa lewru mee 2007, kadi ko o tergal lannda yimɓe. Ko adii nde o su6etee e nder Senaa, o woniino jaagorde dowla to bannge golle e koɗki e nder kabine hooreejo leydi Olusegun Obasanjo tuggi 1999 haa 2000. E lewru mee 2010, Balat toɗɗaa ko jaagorgal keeringal hooreejo leydi ndii e golle keertiiɗe (biro cukko hooreejo leydi ndii e hitaande 2010). Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗagol Isaiah Chawai Balat jibinaa ko ñalnde 23 lewru nduu hitaande 1952 to Gora (Kaňnai), wuro wonngo e nder diiwaan Kaduna, to leydi Najeriya. Baaba makko ko Gora jeyaa, yumma makko ko wuro wiyeteengo Kamuru. O jibinaa ko e galle jommbaajo debbo keewɗo no feewi e oon sahaa. Yumma Balat maayi ko juuti caggal jibineede makko. O waɗi duuɓi makko cakkitiiɗi ɗii ko e baasal, omo gollina e ngesa baaba makko omo resa jawdi. O fuɗɗii jaŋde makko leslesre ko e duɗal leslesal SIM to Gora (Kanai) e hitaande 1959, caggal ɗuum o arti e duɗal leslesal SIM Ungwar Tabo (Afabwang), ɗo o timmini jaŋde makko leslesre. Caggal ɗuum o yahi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Commerce Jos to diiwaan Plateau hakkunde 1966 e 1970 ngam jaŋde makko hakkundeere. Caggal nde o timmini jaŋde leslesre e caggal jaŋde leslesre, Balat naati e porogaraam sandwich e nder Marketing to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kaduna hakkunde 1976 e 1978. Ngam jaŋde makko toownde, o naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde njuɓɓudi (AMP) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Harvard to Boston, e hitaande 1991. Caggal ɗuum, Balat ƴetti jaŋde toownde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde St 1996 e hitaande 1998. E hitaande 2004, Balat tawtoraama Duɗal Wiɗtooji Nafooje Jaayɗe/ Porogaraam Heblo Banke Adunaajo ko faati e Reglemen e Peeje Nafooje to Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Florida, Florida, Amerik. Golle e njulaagu Isaiah Balat golliima e BP plc (ko adii fof ko sosiyetee petroŋ Biritaan PLC., petroŋ Biritaan e BP Amoco PLC.) e nder diiwaan Kano hade makko nawtoreede to cafrirde maɓɓe Kaduna e hitaande 1973. O artiraa e tolno njuɓɓudi hade makko yaltude sosiyetee oo e hitaande 1978 ngam sosde sosiyetee makko keeriiɗo e Go services o Nijeer hooreejo e mawɗo gollordu. Nde o woni e njulaagu, Balat sosi CB Finance Group, sosiyatee jogiiɗo nafooje e sarwisaaji petroŋ e gaas, bankeeji, asiraaji e gollorɗe jowitiiɗe e ndema. Balat waɗii toɗɗe keewɗe toowɗe e nder njuɓɓudi laamu e nder sektoraa keeriiɗo e laamu. O woniino tergal e fedde ƴellitaare wuro diiwaan Kaduna (1979 1985), tergal e Goomu diiwaan Plateau ngam ƴellitde ngalu (1980 haa 1982), hooreejo piilaaɗo e njuɓɓudi njamndi Katsina gila 1980 haa 1983. Balat kadi wonnoo tergal e diiso ngoo, Fonds de formation industrielle gila 1987 haa 1994), hooreejo fedde nde e nder diiwaan Kaduna gila 1987 haa 1992, hooreejo fedde nde e nder diiwaan Kaduna e hitaande 1994 haa 1998 e tergal me Cor9al Nigerian 1994. Balat wonnoo kadi hooreejo suudu njulaagu, njulaagu, njulaagu e ndema Kaduna tuggi 1987 haa 1991, e oon sahaa o fuɗɗii e o fuɗɗii mahngo nokku njulaagu hakkunde leyɗeele Kaduna. O woniino cukko hooreejo, suudu njulaagu, njulaagu, miniraaji e ndema leydi Najeriya (NACCIMA) tuggi 1985 haa 1987, hooreejo kawtal Biritaniya (Kaduna/Kano Floors) e tergal kawtal lesdi Naajeeriya, tuggi 1993 haa 1996. O woniino gardiiɗo mo wonaa gollordu Guinness Nigeria gila 1996 haa 1999. Politik e toɗɗagol Fuɗɗoode golle politik E hitaande 1978, Isaya Balat woni hooreejo lanyol yimɓe Naajeeriya (NPP) nder diiwal Kaduna haa o ardi kawtal ngal tabitini suɓol Alhaji Abdulkadir Balarabe Musa ngam laatoo guwerneer siwil arandeejo diiwal Kaduna nder diiwal ɗiɗaɓal Naajeeriya. Caggal nde laamu Naajeeriya ɗiɗaɓuru joofi, o arti e golle makko keertiiɗe. Kono, e gargol politik lanndaaji ɗii e laamu Seneraal Ibraahiima Badamasi Babangida, o naati e lannda Sosiyaalist Demokaraasi (SDP) ɗo o anndiranoo jokkondiral makko e kanndidaa SDP ngam suɓaade hooreejo leydi ndii, hono hooreejo Moshood Kashimawo Olawale Abiola (MKO). Balat jokki nastuki nder siyaasaaku lanndaaji, nder hitaande 1998, Balat warti hooreejo lesdi Kaduna ngam hukuumaaji kampaañ Obasanjo. Jaagorgal golle e koɗki (dowla) E lewru suwee 1999, Isaiah Balat toɗɗaa jaagorgal dowla to bannge golle e koɗki e nder kabine hooreejo leydi Olusegun Obasanjo. Ko o jaagorgal dowla golle o yaltini golle toppitiiɗe e ƴeewndo eɓɓaaɗe ministeer oo tawi ina jeyaa heen : Laawol Kaduna - Kachia Gimi, Banndiraaɓe dow Peewnugol laawol Vom - Manchok ngol fuɗɗii ko ñalnde 1 feebariyee 2000 Pewnugol pont dow maayo Wonderful to Kafanchan 20 abriil 2000 Feewnitde Saminaka - Samaru Kataf - laawol Kafanchan 20 abriil 2000 Hokkude laabi 132KV ummoraade Jos haa Kafanchan e mahngo 2 x 60MVA, 132/33KV to Kafanchan Seneraal Asaambele ngenndi 5ɓo E hitaande 2003, Balat suɓaama e dow ɓural mawngal ngam wonde senateer mo leydi Naajeeriya, gardinooɗo diiwaan senateeruuji Kaduna, mo diiwaan Kaduna.[circular reference] E nder dumunna mo o woni senaateer oo, ko kanko woni hooreejo Goomu Senaa ngam Privatisation fotde duuɓi ɗiɗi jokkondirɗi e nder ɗuum o ardii Goomu Senaa e Goomuuji suudu sarɗiiji ngam Privatisation e nder njillu janngugol ko faati e peewnugol portooji to Amerik e Meksik, ɗo miijooji juutɗi ko fayti e Privatisation e Njuɓɓudi Portuuji keɓaa. Gaagaa golle makko e yahrude yeeso sariyaaji jowitiiɗi e privatisation, o woniino kadi hooreejo, Goomu Senaa ngam haɓaade fenaande e ɗo o gollotoo ngam ƴellitde kuule yahrude yeeso e laaɓal e nder laamu. E nder laamu makko, Balat wonnoo kadi ko tergal e Goomu Senaa toppitiiɗo ko fayti e kaalis e kaalis, Goomu Senaa toppitiingu ko fayti e ndeenka e Goomu Senaa toppitiingu doole e njamndi. Kandidaajo guwerneer lesdi Kaduna hitaande 2007 E hitaande 2007, Balat wonnoo ko kanndidaa gadano ngam suɓaade hooreejo leydi Kaduna e les njiimaandi PDP, o fooli Arc. Namadi Sambo e woote ɗiɗmere. Ngam Kampaañ makko Guwerneer e hitaande 2007, Balat huutoriima helmere – "Wadata" firti ko "Stock" e ɗemngal Hausa. Konngol ngol waɗii faayiida no feewi e nder kampaañ hee, ngol huutortee ko ngam hollirde dille mbayliigu e nder dowri ndii. 2010 Fedde kawral politik to bannge worgo ("G-20") Balat waɗii nafoore mawnde e sosde fedde kawral politik to bannge worgo - G-20 - yuɓɓinaande to Kaduna ñalnde 16 e 17 marse 2010. Tiitoonde e ko ɓuri teeŋtude e G-20 ko ƴellitde ajendaaji ngam waylude renndo e faggudu e nder Fuɗnaange leydi Najeriya. Nde dañii nafoore mawnde e tawtoreede yimɓe heewɓe e nder renndo politik, faggudu, jannginooɓe, annduɓe e teknokraat en e nder denndaangal fannuuji e nokkuuji leydi ndii. Ciimtol maggol e kuule maggol ina tiiɗi, ina woɗɗi, haa arti noon e ƴettude peeje faggudu Fuɗnaange. Wasiijo keeriiɗo ngam golle keewɗe (biro cukko hooreejo leydi Najeriya E lewru mee 2010, Isaiah Balat toɗɗaa yo won jaagorgal keeringal to bannge golle keertiiɗe (biro cukko hooreejo leydi) ɗo o gollinoo haa o sankii. Terɗe goomu goɗɗum hawti bee Kawtal lesdi dow Privatization – Goomu lesdi dow Privatization Jaaynde Naajeeriya kesum e kawtal lesdi dow Privatization’s ad-hoc komite dow ceede BPE. Golle hakkunde leyɗeele Isaiah Balat tawtoraama batu Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe yuɓɓini ko adii Rajo Komiseer Fuɗnaange e gardagol Late Dr. Julius Nyerere, gonnooɗo hooreejo leydi Tansani, batu nguu ƴeewtindii e wasiyiima laabi ngam ustude ŋakkeende nguura leƴƴi e nder hemisfeer Fuɗnaange e Fuɗnaange. Balat ardii Delegaasiyoŋaaji njulaagu leydi Naajeeriya to Koree worgo, Amerik, Angalteer, Kanadaa, Almaañ, Japon, Beresiil, Afrik worgo e Namibia ngam semmbiɗinde jom jawdi en e nder leyɗeele ɗe ngam waɗde jawdi mum en e faggudu leydi Naajeeriya. Filantropi E hitaande 2005, Balat sosi fedde wiyeteende Isaiah Balat, nde faandaare mum woni faggaade ko ina tolnoo e miliyoŋ neɗɗo e nder diiwaan Kaduna ngam haɓaade ñawu nguu. Balat waɗii eɓɓaaɗe keewɗe moƴƴe ngam semmbinde. E nder fedde Isaiah Balat, o rokkii ballal safaara tawa ko e ballal miskineeɓe, waasɓe e waasɓe e nder renndo, haa teeŋti noon e nder renndooji teeru. Balat ina wallitnoo e wallitde jaŋde sukaaɓe waasɓe. Teddungal e njeenaaje Isaiah Balat heɓi teddungal keewngal ngam anndinde golle makko e renndo makko dowla, leydi e winndere nde. E hitaande 1990 o rokkaama njeenaari kaŋŋe to suudu sarɗiiji Orop ngam ƴellitaare njulaagu e kaalis, ngam ƴellitde njulaagu hakkunde leydi Nijeer e Dental Orop. E hitaande 1991, o heɓi njeenaari mawndi ndi almuɓɓe diiwaan Kaduna ngam darnde makko e ɓamtaare faggudu leydi ndii. E hitaande 2000, Balat rokkaama njeenaari njulaagu e ƴellitaare hakkunde leyɗeele ngam ƴellitde njulaagu e njulaagu hakkunde leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik e Niiseer, tawi ko suudu njulaagu e njeeygu Afrik-Amerik, Los Angeles, Kaliforni, Amerik. E hitaande 2000 o waɗtaa kadi cukko hooreejo teddungal e nder nguurndam suudu njulaagu, njulaagu, njulaagu e ndema leydi Najeriya (NACCIMA). Balat ko Fedde mawnde to Duɗal Ardiiɓe (UK). Maayde e ndonu O sankii ko ñalnde 18 feebariyee 2014 to Abuja caggal rafi seeɗa. O wirnaa ko to Bafoi-Kanai e nder diiwaan Kaduna. Tuugnorgal 7b26moal1hhj7tyw7zidve3ysk6d901 181205 181204 2026-08-05T10:06:50Z Ilya Discuss 10103 181205 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Isaya Chawai Balat''' (23 Oktoobar 1952 – 18 Feebariyee 2014) ko siyaasyanke e njulaagu Najeriya ummoriiɗo to diiwaan Kaduna. O woniino senatoor leydi Naajeeriya lomtotooɗo diiwaan Kaduna Sud gila lewru mee 2003 haa lewru mee 2007, kadi ko o tergal lannda yimɓe. Ko adii nde o su6etee e nder Senaa, o woniino jaagorde dowla to bannge golle e koɗki e nder kabine hooreejo leydi Olusegun Obasanjo tuggi 1999 haa 2000. E lewru mee 2010, Balat toɗɗaa ko jaagorgal keeringal hooreejo leydi ndii e golle keertiiɗe (biro cukko hooreejo leydi ndii e hitaande 2010). == Nguurndam == e jaŋde puɗɗagol Isaiah Chawai Balat jibinaa ko ñalnde 23 lewru nduu hitaande 1952 to Gora (Kaňnai), wuro wonngo e nder diiwaan Kaduna, to leydi Najeriya. Baaba makko ko Gora jeyaa, yumma makko ko wuro wiyeteengo Kamuru. O jibinaa ko e galle jommbaajo debbo keewɗo no feewi e oon sahaa. Yumma Balat maayi ko juuti caggal jibineede makko. O waɗi duuɓi makko cakkitiiɗi ɗii ko e baasal, omo gollina e ngesa baaba makko omo resa jawdi. O fuɗɗii jaŋde makko leslesre ko e duɗal leslesal SIM to Gora (Kanai) e hitaande 1959, caggal ɗuum o arti e duɗal leslesal SIM Ungwar Tabo (Afabwang), ɗo o timmini jaŋde makko leslesre. Caggal ɗuum o yahi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Commerce Jos to diiwaan Plateau hakkunde 1966 e 1970 ngam jaŋde makko hakkundeere. Caggal nde o timmini jaŋde leslesre e caggal jaŋde leslesre, Balat naati e porogaraam sandwich e nder Marketing to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kaduna hakkunde 1976 e 1978. Ngam jaŋde makko toownde, o naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde njuɓɓudi (AMP) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Harvard to Boston, e hitaande 1991. Caggal ɗuum, Balat ƴetti jaŋde toownde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde St 1996 e hitaande 1998. E hitaande 2004, Balat tawtoraama Duɗal Wiɗtooji Nafooje Jaayɗe/ Porogaraam Heblo Banke Adunaajo ko faati e Reglemen e Peeje Nafooje to Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Florida, Florida, Amerik. Golle e njulaagu Isaiah Balat golliima e BP plc (ko adii fof ko sosiyetee petroŋ Biritaan PLC., petroŋ Biritaan e BP Amoco PLC.) e nder diiwaan Kano hade makko nawtoreede to cafrirde maɓɓe Kaduna e hitaande 1973. O artiraa e tolno njuɓɓudi hade makko yaltude sosiyetee oo e hitaande 1978 ngam sosde sosiyetee makko keeriiɗo e Go services o Nijeer hooreejo e mawɗo gollordu. Nde o woni e njulaagu, Balat sosi CB Finance Group, sosiyatee jogiiɗo nafooje e sarwisaaji petroŋ e gaas, bankeeji, asiraaji e gollorɗe jowitiiɗe e ndema. Balat waɗii toɗɗe keewɗe toowɗe e nder njuɓɓudi laamu e nder sektoraa keeriiɗo e laamu. O woniino tergal e fedde ƴellitaare wuro diiwaan Kaduna (1979 1985), tergal e Goomu diiwaan Plateau ngam ƴellitde ngalu (1980 haa 1982), hooreejo piilaaɗo e njuɓɓudi njamndi Katsina gila 1980 haa 1983. Balat kadi wonnoo tergal e diiso ngoo, Fonds de formation industrielle gila 1987 haa 1994), hooreejo fedde nde e nder diiwaan Kaduna gila 1987 haa 1992, hooreejo fedde nde e nder diiwaan Kaduna e hitaande 1994 haa 1998 e tergal me Cor9al Nigerian 1994. Balat wonnoo kadi hooreejo suudu njulaagu, njulaagu, njulaagu e ndema Kaduna tuggi 1987 haa 1991, e oon sahaa o fuɗɗii e o fuɗɗii mahngo nokku njulaagu hakkunde leyɗeele Kaduna. O woniino cukko hooreejo, suudu njulaagu, njulaagu, miniraaji e ndema leydi Najeriya (NACCIMA) tuggi 1985 haa 1987, hooreejo kawtal Biritaniya (Kaduna/Kano Floors) e tergal kawtal lesdi Naajeeriya, tuggi 1993 haa 1996. O woniino gardiiɗo mo wonaa gollordu Guinness Nigeria gila 1996 haa 1999. Politik e toɗɗagol Fuɗɗoode golle politik E hitaande 1978, Isaya Balat woni hooreejo lanyol yimɓe Naajeeriya (NPP) nder diiwal Kaduna haa o ardi kawtal ngal tabitini suɓol Alhaji Abdulkadir Balarabe Musa ngam laatoo guwerneer siwil arandeejo diiwal Kaduna nder diiwal ɗiɗaɓal Naajeeriya. Caggal nde laamu Naajeeriya ɗiɗaɓuru joofi, o arti e golle makko keertiiɗe. Kono, e gargol politik lanndaaji ɗii e laamu Seneraal Ibraahiima Badamasi Babangida, o naati e lannda Sosiyaalist Demokaraasi (SDP) ɗo o anndiranoo jokkondiral makko e kanndidaa SDP ngam suɓaade hooreejo leydi ndii, hono hooreejo Moshood Kashimawo Olawale Abiola (MKO). Balat jokki nastuki nder siyaasaaku lanndaaji, nder hitaande 1998, Balat warti hooreejo lesdi Kaduna ngam hukuumaaji kampaañ Obasanjo. Jaagorgal golle e koɗki (dowla) E lewru suwee 1999, Isaiah Balat toɗɗaa jaagorgal dowla to bannge golle e koɗki e nder kabine hooreejo leydi Olusegun Obasanjo. Ko o jaagorgal dowla golle o yaltini golle toppitiiɗe e ƴeewndo eɓɓaaɗe ministeer oo tawi ina jeyaa heen : Laawol Kaduna - Kachia Gimi, Banndiraaɓe dow Peewnugol laawol Vom - Manchok ngol fuɗɗii ko ñalnde 1 feebariyee 2000 Pewnugol pont dow maayo Wonderful to Kafanchan 20 abriil 2000 Feewnitde Saminaka - Samaru Kataf - laawol Kafanchan 20 abriil 2000 Hokkude laabi 132KV ummoraade Jos haa Kafanchan e mahngo 2 x 60MVA, 132/33KV to Kafanchan Seneraal Asaambele ngenndi 5ɓo E hitaande 2003, Balat suɓaama e dow ɓural mawngal ngam wonde senateer mo leydi Naajeeriya, gardinooɗo diiwaan senateeruuji Kaduna, mo diiwaan Kaduna.[circular reference] E nder dumunna mo o woni senaateer oo, ko kanko woni hooreejo Goomu Senaa ngam Privatisation fotde duuɓi ɗiɗi jokkondirɗi e nder ɗuum o ardii Goomu Senaa e Goomuuji suudu sarɗiiji ngam Privatisation e nder njillu janngugol ko faati e peewnugol portooji to Amerik e Meksik, ɗo miijooji juutɗi ko fayti e Privatisation e Njuɓɓudi Portuuji keɓaa. Gaagaa golle makko e yahrude yeeso sariyaaji jowitiiɗi e privatisation, o woniino kadi hooreejo, Goomu Senaa ngam haɓaade fenaande e ɗo o gollotoo ngam ƴellitde kuule yahrude yeeso e laaɓal e nder laamu. E nder laamu makko, Balat wonnoo kadi ko tergal e Goomu Senaa toppitiiɗo ko fayti e kaalis e kaalis, Goomu Senaa toppitiingu ko fayti e ndeenka e Goomu Senaa toppitiingu doole e njamndi. Kandidaajo guwerneer lesdi Kaduna hitaande 2007 E hitaande 2007, Balat wonnoo ko kanndidaa gadano ngam suɓaade hooreejo leydi Kaduna e les njiimaandi PDP, o fooli Arc. Namadi Sambo e woote ɗiɗmere. Ngam Kampaañ makko Guwerneer e hitaande 2007, Balat huutoriima helmere – "Wadata" firti ko "Stock" e ɗemngal Hausa. Konngol ngol waɗii faayiida no feewi e nder kampaañ hee, ngol huutortee ko ngam hollirde dille mbayliigu e nder dowri ndii. 2010 Fedde kawral politik to bannge worgo ("G-20") Balat waɗii nafoore mawnde e sosde fedde kawral politik to bannge worgo - G-20 - yuɓɓinaande to Kaduna ñalnde 16 e 17 marse 2010. Tiitoonde e ko ɓuri teeŋtude e G-20 ko ƴellitde ajendaaji ngam waylude renndo e faggudu e nder Fuɗnaange leydi Najeriya. Nde dañii nafoore mawnde e tawtoreede yimɓe heewɓe e nder renndo politik, faggudu, jannginooɓe, annduɓe e teknokraat en e nder denndaangal fannuuji e nokkuuji leydi ndii. Ciimtol maggol e kuule maggol ina tiiɗi, ina woɗɗi, haa arti noon e ƴettude peeje faggudu == Fuɗnaange. == Wasiijo keeriiɗo ngam golle keewɗe (biro cukko hooreejo leydi Najeriya E lewru mee 2010, Isaiah Balat toɗɗaa yo won jaagorgal keeringal to bannge golle keertiiɗe (biro cukko hooreejo leydi) ɗo o gollinoo haa o sankii. Terɗe goomu goɗɗum hawti bee Kawtal lesdi dow Privatization – Goomu lesdi dow Privatization Jaaynde Naajeeriya kesum e kawtal lesdi dow Privatization’s ad-hoc komite dow ceede BPE. Golle hakkunde leyɗeele Isaiah Balat tawtoraama batu Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe yuɓɓini ko adii Rajo Komiseer Fuɗnaange e gardagol Late Dr. Julius Nyerere, gonnooɗo hooreejo leydi Tansani, batu nguu ƴeewtindii e wasiyiima laabi ngam ustude ŋakkeende nguura leƴƴi e nder hemisfeer Fuɗnaange e Fuɗnaange. Balat ardii Delegaasiyoŋaaji njulaagu leydi Naajeeriya to Koree worgo, Amerik, Angalteer, Kanadaa, Almaañ, Japon, Beresiil, Afrik worgo e Namibia ngam semmbiɗinde jom jawdi en e nder leyɗeele ɗe ngam waɗde jawdi mum en e faggudu leydi Naajeeriya. Filantropi E hitaande 2005, Balat sosi fedde wiyeteende Isaiah Balat, nde faandaare mum woni faggaade ko ina tolnoo e miliyoŋ neɗɗo e nder diiwaan Kaduna ngam haɓaade ñawu nguu. Balat waɗii eɓɓaaɗe keewɗe moƴƴe ngam semmbinde. E nder fedde Isaiah Balat, o rokkii ballal safaara tawa ko e ballal miskineeɓe, waasɓe e waasɓe e nder renndo, haa teeŋti noon e nder renndooji teeru. Balat ina wallitnoo e wallitde jaŋde sukaaɓe waasɓe. Teddungal e njeenaaje Isaiah Balat heɓi teddungal keewngal ngam anndinde golle makko e renndo makko dowla, leydi e winndere nde. E hitaande 1990 o rokkaama njeenaari kaŋŋe to suudu sarɗiiji Orop ngam ƴellitaare njulaagu e kaalis, ngam ƴellitde njulaagu hakkunde leydi Nijeer e Dental Orop. E hitaande 1991, o heɓi njeenaari mawndi ndi almuɓɓe diiwaan Kaduna ngam darnde makko e ɓamtaare faggudu leydi ndii. E hitaande 2000, Balat rokkaama njeenaari njulaagu e ƴellitaare hakkunde leyɗeele ngam ƴellitde njulaagu e njulaagu hakkunde leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik e Niiseer, tawi ko suudu njulaagu e njeeygu Afrik-Amerik, Los Angeles, Kaliforni, Amerik. E hitaande 2000 o waɗtaa kadi cukko hooreejo teddungal e nder nguurndam suudu njulaagu, njulaagu, njulaagu e ndema leydi Najeriya (NACCIMA). Balat ko Fedde mawnde to Duɗal Ardiiɓe (UK). Maayde e ndonu O sankii ko ñalnde 18 feebariyee 2014 to Abuja caggal rafi seeɗa. O wirnaa ko to Bafoi-Kanai e nder diiwaan Kaduna. == Tuugnorgal == o6cbfzv7or42xe87ttblkcwdmohd8ia 181206 181205 2026-08-05T10:08:17Z Ilya Discuss 10103 181206 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Isaya Chawai Balat''' (23 Oktoobar 1952 – 18 Feebariyee 2014) ko siyaasyanke e njulaagu Najeriya ummoriiɗo to diiwaan Kaduna. O woniino senatoor leydi Naajeeriya lomtotooɗo diiwaan Kaduna Sud gila lewru mee 2003 haa lewru mee 2007, kadi ko o tergal lannda yimɓe. Ko adii nde o su6etee e nder Senaa, o woniino jaagorde dowla to bannge golle e koɗki e nder kabine hooreejo leydi Olusegun Obasanjo tuggi 1999 haa 2000.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isaiahbalat.com/about.php|title=About Balat|access-date=2007-12-25|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091221190618/http://www.isaiahbalat.com/about.php|archive-date=2009-12-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/senate/Personal%20data/Balat/Home.htm|title=Senator Balat|access-date=2007-12-26|year=2005|publisher=[[Nigerian Senate]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070922133139/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/Personal%20data/Balat/Home.htm|archive-date=2007-09-22|url-status=dead}}</ref> E lewru mee 2010, Balat toɗɗaa ko jaagorgal keeringal hooreejo leydi ndii e golle keertiiɗe (biro cukko hooreejo leydi ndii e hitaande 2010). == Nguurndam == e jaŋde puɗɗagol Isaiah Chawai Balat jibinaa ko ñalnde 23 lewru nduu hitaande 1952 to Gora (Kaňnai), wuro wonngo e nder diiwaan Kaduna, to leydi Najeriya. Baaba makko ko Gora jeyaa, yumma makko ko wuro wiyeteengo Kamuru. O jibinaa ko e galle jommbaajo debbo keewɗo no feewi e oon sahaa. Yumma Balat maayi ko juuti caggal jibineede makko. O waɗi duuɓi makko cakkitiiɗi ɗii ko e baasal, omo gollina e ngesa baaba makko omo resa jawdi. O fuɗɗii jaŋde makko leslesre ko e duɗal leslesal SIM to Gora (Kanai) e hitaande 1959, caggal ɗuum o arti e duɗal leslesal SIM Ungwar Tabo (Afabwang), ɗo o timmini jaŋde makko leslesre. Caggal ɗuum o yahi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Commerce Jos to diiwaan Plateau hakkunde 1966 e 1970 ngam jaŋde makko hakkundeere. Caggal nde o timmini jaŋde leslesre e caggal jaŋde leslesre, Balat naati e porogaraam sandwich e nder Marketing to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kaduna hakkunde 1976 e 1978. Ngam jaŋde makko toownde, o naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde njuɓɓudi (AMP) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Harvard to Boston, e hitaande 1991. Caggal ɗuum, Balat ƴetti jaŋde toownde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde St 1996 e hitaande 1998. E hitaande 2004, Balat tawtoraama Duɗal Wiɗtooji Nafooje Jaayɗe/ Porogaraam Heblo Banke Adunaajo ko faati e Reglemen e Peeje Nafooje to Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Florida, Florida, Amerik. Golle e njulaagu Isaiah Balat golliima e BP plc (ko adii fof ko sosiyetee petroŋ Biritaan PLC., petroŋ Biritaan e BP Amoco PLC.) e nder diiwaan Kano hade makko nawtoreede to cafrirde maɓɓe Kaduna e hitaande 1973. O artiraa e tolno njuɓɓudi hade makko yaltude sosiyetee oo e hitaande 1978 ngam sosde sosiyetee makko keeriiɗo e Go services o Nijeer hooreejo e mawɗo gollordu. Nde o woni e njulaagu, Balat sosi CB Finance Group, sosiyatee jogiiɗo nafooje e sarwisaaji petroŋ e gaas, bankeeji, asiraaji e gollorɗe jowitiiɗe e ndema. Balat waɗii toɗɗe keewɗe toowɗe e nder njuɓɓudi laamu e nder sektoraa keeriiɗo e laamu. O woniino tergal e fedde ƴellitaare wuro diiwaan Kaduna (1979 1985), tergal e Goomu diiwaan Plateau ngam ƴellitde ngalu (1980 haa 1982), hooreejo piilaaɗo e njuɓɓudi njamndi Katsina gila 1980 haa 1983. Balat kadi wonnoo tergal e diiso ngoo, Fonds de formation industrielle gila 1987 haa 1994), hooreejo fedde nde e nder diiwaan Kaduna gila 1987 haa 1992, hooreejo fedde nde e nder diiwaan Kaduna e hitaande 1994 haa 1998 e tergal me Cor9al Nigerian 1994. Balat wonnoo kadi hooreejo suudu njulaagu, njulaagu, njulaagu e ndema Kaduna tuggi 1987 haa 1991, e oon sahaa o fuɗɗii e o fuɗɗii mahngo nokku njulaagu hakkunde leyɗeele Kaduna. O woniino cukko hooreejo, suudu njulaagu, njulaagu, miniraaji e ndema leydi Najeriya (NACCIMA) tuggi 1985 haa 1987, hooreejo kawtal Biritaniya (Kaduna/Kano Floors) e tergal kawtal lesdi Naajeeriya, tuggi 1993 haa 1996. O woniino gardiiɗo mo wonaa gollordu Guinness Nigeria gila 1996 haa 1999. Politik e toɗɗagol Fuɗɗoode golle politik E hitaande 1978, Isaya Balat woni hooreejo lanyol yimɓe Naajeeriya (NPP) nder diiwal Kaduna haa o ardi kawtal ngal tabitini suɓol Alhaji Abdulkadir Balarabe Musa ngam laatoo guwerneer siwil arandeejo diiwal Kaduna nder diiwal ɗiɗaɓal Naajeeriya. Caggal nde laamu Naajeeriya ɗiɗaɓuru joofi, o arti e golle makko keertiiɗe. Kono, e gargol politik lanndaaji ɗii e laamu Seneraal Ibraahiima Badamasi Babangida, o naati e lannda Sosiyaalist Demokaraasi (SDP) ɗo o anndiranoo jokkondiral makko e kanndidaa SDP ngam suɓaade hooreejo leydi ndii, hono hooreejo Moshood Kashimawo Olawale Abiola (MKO). Balat jokki nastuki nder siyaasaaku lanndaaji, nder hitaande 1998, Balat warti hooreejo lesdi Kaduna ngam hukuumaaji kampaañ Obasanjo. Jaagorgal golle e koɗki (dowla) E lewru suwee 1999, Isaiah Balat toɗɗaa jaagorgal dowla to bannge golle e koɗki e nder kabine hooreejo leydi Olusegun Obasanjo. Ko o jaagorgal dowla golle o yaltini golle toppitiiɗe e ƴeewndo eɓɓaaɗe ministeer oo tawi ina jeyaa heen : Laawol Kaduna - Kachia Gimi, Banndiraaɓe dow Peewnugol laawol Vom - Manchok ngol fuɗɗii ko ñalnde 1 feebariyee 2000 Pewnugol pont dow maayo Wonderful to Kafanchan 20 abriil 2000 Feewnitde Saminaka - Samaru Kataf - laawol Kafanchan 20 abriil 2000 Hokkude laabi 132KV ummoraade Jos haa Kafanchan e mahngo 2 x 60MVA, 132/33KV to Kafanchan Seneraal Asaambele ngenndi 5ɓo E hitaande 2003, Balat suɓaama e dow ɓural mawngal ngam wonde senateer mo leydi Naajeeriya, gardinooɗo diiwaan senateeruuji Kaduna, mo diiwaan Kaduna.[circular reference] E nder dumunna mo o woni senaateer oo, ko kanko woni hooreejo Goomu Senaa ngam Privatisation fotde duuɓi ɗiɗi jokkondirɗi e nder ɗuum o ardii Goomu Senaa e Goomuuji suudu sarɗiiji ngam Privatisation e nder njillu janngugol ko faati e peewnugol portooji to Amerik e Meksik, ɗo miijooji juutɗi ko fayti e Privatisation e Njuɓɓudi Portuuji keɓaa. Gaagaa golle makko e yahrude yeeso sariyaaji jowitiiɗi e privatisation, o woniino kadi hooreejo, Goomu Senaa ngam haɓaade fenaande e ɗo o gollotoo ngam ƴellitde kuule yahrude yeeso e laaɓal e nder laamu. E nder laamu makko, Balat wonnoo kadi ko tergal e Goomu Senaa toppitiiɗo ko fayti e kaalis e kaalis, Goomu Senaa toppitiingu ko fayti e ndeenka e Goomu Senaa toppitiingu doole e njamndi. Kandidaajo guwerneer lesdi Kaduna hitaande 2007 E hitaande 2007, Balat wonnoo ko kanndidaa gadano ngam suɓaade hooreejo leydi Kaduna e les njiimaandi PDP, o fooli Arc. Namadi Sambo e woote ɗiɗmere. Ngam Kampaañ makko Guwerneer e hitaande 2007, Balat huutoriima helmere – "Wadata" firti ko "Stock" e ɗemngal Hausa. Konngol ngol waɗii faayiida no feewi e nder kampaañ hee, ngol huutortee ko ngam hollirde dille mbayliigu e nder dowri ndii. 2010 Fedde kawral politik to bannge worgo ("G-20") Balat waɗii nafoore mawnde e sosde fedde kawral politik to bannge worgo - G-20 - yuɓɓinaande to Kaduna ñalnde 16 e 17 marse 2010. Tiitoonde e ko ɓuri teeŋtude e G-20 ko ƴellitde ajendaaji ngam waylude renndo e faggudu e nder Fuɗnaange leydi Najeriya. Nde dañii nafoore mawnde e tawtoreede yimɓe heewɓe e nder renndo politik, faggudu, jannginooɓe, annduɓe e teknokraat en e nder denndaangal fannuuji e nokkuuji leydi ndii. Ciimtol maggol e kuule maggol ina tiiɗi, ina woɗɗi, haa arti noon e ƴettude peeje faggudu == Fuɗnaange. == Wasiijo keeriiɗo ngam golle keewɗe (biro cukko hooreejo leydi Najeriya E lewru mee 2010, Isaiah Balat toɗɗaa yo won jaagorgal keeringal to bannge golle keertiiɗe (biro cukko hooreejo leydi) ɗo o gollinoo haa o sankii. Terɗe goomu goɗɗum hawti bee Kawtal lesdi dow Privatization – Goomu lesdi dow Privatization Jaaynde Naajeeriya kesum e kawtal lesdi dow Privatization’s ad-hoc komite dow ceede BPE. Golle hakkunde leyɗeele Isaiah Balat tawtoraama batu Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe yuɓɓini ko adii Rajo Komiseer Fuɗnaange e gardagol Late Dr. Julius Nyerere, gonnooɗo hooreejo leydi Tansani, batu nguu ƴeewtindii e wasiyiima laabi ngam ustude ŋakkeende nguura leƴƴi e nder hemisfeer Fuɗnaange e Fuɗnaange. Balat ardii Delegaasiyoŋaaji njulaagu leydi Naajeeriya to Koree worgo, Amerik, Angalteer, Kanadaa, Almaañ, Japon, Beresiil, Afrik worgo e Namibia ngam semmbiɗinde jom jawdi en e nder leyɗeele ɗe ngam waɗde jawdi mum en e faggudu leydi Naajeeriya. Filantropi E hitaande 2005, Balat sosi fedde wiyeteende Isaiah Balat, nde faandaare mum woni faggaade ko ina tolnoo e miliyoŋ neɗɗo e nder diiwaan Kaduna ngam haɓaade ñawu nguu. Balat waɗii eɓɓaaɗe keewɗe moƴƴe ngam semmbinde. E nder fedde Isaiah Balat, o rokkii ballal safaara tawa ko e ballal miskineeɓe, waasɓe e waasɓe e nder renndo, haa teeŋti noon e nder renndooji teeru. Balat ina wallitnoo e wallitde jaŋde sukaaɓe waasɓe. Teddungal e njeenaaje Isaiah Balat heɓi teddungal keewngal ngam anndinde golle makko e renndo makko dowla, leydi e winndere nde. E hitaande 1990 o rokkaama njeenaari kaŋŋe to suudu sarɗiiji Orop ngam ƴellitaare njulaagu e kaalis, ngam ƴellitde njulaagu hakkunde leydi Nijeer e Dental Orop. E hitaande 1991, o heɓi njeenaari mawndi ndi almuɓɓe diiwaan Kaduna ngam darnde makko e ɓamtaare faggudu leydi ndii. E hitaande 2000, Balat rokkaama njeenaari njulaagu e ƴellitaare hakkunde leyɗeele ngam ƴellitde njulaagu e njulaagu hakkunde leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik e Niiseer, tawi ko suudu njulaagu e njeeygu Afrik-Amerik, Los Angeles, Kaliforni, Amerik. E hitaande 2000 o waɗtaa kadi cukko hooreejo teddungal e nder nguurndam suudu njulaagu, njulaagu, njulaagu e ndema leydi Najeriya (NACCIMA). Balat ko Fedde mawnde to Duɗal Ardiiɓe (UK). Maayde e ndonu O sankii ko ñalnde 18 feebariyee 2014 to Abuja caggal rafi seeɗa. O wirnaa ko to Bafoi-Kanai e nder diiwaan Kaduna. == Tuugnorgal == e3i7x24yiquvcgrxp4qaq2e3rwp1x6t