Legal:Notices received from search engines

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    <title>Legal:Notices received from search engines</title>
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      <id>591764</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-08-10T20:25:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>KFrancis (WMF)</username>
        <id>843</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Content removal notices for all wikis */</comment>
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      <text bytes="23725" sha1="hcyrckwd4zokldih1y2zxorfp6jqupv" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: #F8F8F8; padding: 1em; border-radius: 1em&quot;&gt;
For context, see these two blog posts:
:&quot;[[wmfblog:2014/08/06/wikipedia-pages-censored-in-european-search-results/|Wikipedia pages censored in European search results]]&quot; &lt;small&gt;(by Wikimedia Foundation General Counsel Geoff Brigham and Legal Counsel Michelle Paulson, August 6, 2014)&lt;/small&gt;
:&quot;[[wmfblog:2014/08/06/european-court-decision-punches-holes-in-free-knowledge/|European court decision punches holes in free knowledge]]&quot; &lt;small&gt;(by Wikimedia Foundation Executive Director Lila Tretikov, August 6, 2014)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Notices received from search engines ==
The information below details notices received by the Wikimedia Foundation when search engines intend to indefinitely remove links to Wikipedia articles and other online Wikimedia media content from their results. We have also received removal notices concerning other types of pages, such as discussion and user pages. The number of links removed for each type of page for which we have received removal notices can be found in the table below.

We do not know who requested each removal. Please note that the subject of the affected webpage may not be the individual or organization that made the underlying request -- we believe anyone can request the removal of a webpage from search results.

The community is, as always, free to exercise its editorial discretion and address the referred content as appropriate under community policies and practices.
Search engines do not inform delisted service providers (like us) what search terms we have been delisted for, or the reason for the delisting, so we do not know whether specific changes to the content might affect the delisting.

After a 2023 ruling in a Swedish court (https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex:62022CJ0026), Google has stopped informing website owners what pages it has removed from its search results under European “right to be forgotten” rules (https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2024/feb/15/google-stops-notifying-publishers-of-right-to-be-forgotten-removals-from-search-results ). Due to the lack of searchable information, we will not post notices that do not contain URL information, however all notices received will continue to be tallied on the ‘Content removal notices for all wikis’ tables listed in this page.

We are not aware of other search engines' processes or the number of requests they are receiving and granting. Search engines are not required by law to provide notices, so we appreciate the companies who share our commitment to free speech and transparency. Compelled censorship is unacceptable, but compelled censorship without notice is unforgivable.

=== Content removal notices for all wikis ===
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!&lt;small&gt;Projects Affected&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices July 1-Dec 31, 2014&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed July 1-Dec 31, 2014&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices Jan 1-June 30, 2015&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed Jan 1-June 30, 2015&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices July 1-Dec 31, 2015&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed July 1-Dec 31, 2015&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices Jan 1-June 30, 2016&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed Jan 1-June 30, 2016&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices July 1-Dec 31, 2016&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed July 1-Dec 31, 2016&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices Jan 1-June 30, 2017&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed June 1-June 30, 2017&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices July 1-Dec 31, 2017&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed July 1-Dec 31, 2017&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices Jan 1-June 30, 2018&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed Jan 1-June 30, 2018&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices July 1-Dec 31, 2018&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed July 1-Dec 31, 2018&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices Jan 1-June 30, 2019&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links Removed Jan 1-June 30, 2019&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices July 1-Dec 31, 2019&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed July 1-Dec 31, 2019&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|Azerbaijani WP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|
|
|-
|Basque WP || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|-
|Bulgarian WP || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|
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|-
|Catalan WP || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|
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|-
|Chinese WP
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|1
|2
|
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|
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|-
|Croatian WP || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|
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|1
|1
|
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|-
|Danish WP || 1 || 1 || 1|| 1|| 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|
|
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|2
|2
|
|
|1
|1
|-
|Dutch WP || 4 || 4 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|3
|3
|
|
|3
|3
|5
|7
|-
|English WP || 7 || 7 || 2 || 2 || 5 || 6 || 4 || 4
|11
|14
|
|1
|1
|1
|4
|4
|11
|12
|14
|14
|17
|17
|-
|Simple English WP
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|1
|2
|
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|-
|English Wikinews || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|
|
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|1
|1
|1
|
|
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|-
|Esperanto WP || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0
|
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|1
|1
|-
|Finnish WP || 2 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|1
|1
|
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|
|3
|3
|2
|2
|
|
|7
|7
|-
|French WP || 5 || 5 || 4 || 4 || 2 || 2 || 3 || 3
|3
|3
|
|4
|4
|4
|3
|3
|3
|3
|12
|13
|8
|8
|-
|French Wikiquote || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|
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|-
|French Wikiversity || 1 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|
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|-
|French Wikinews
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
|1
|1
|1
|1
|-
|German WP || 6 || 7 || 5 || 5 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2
|3
|3
|
|3
|3
|3
|3
|3
|4
|4
|9
|9
|4
|4
|-
|German Wikisource || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|
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|-
|Greek Wikpedia
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|1
|1
|
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|
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|
|1
|1
|1
|1
|-
|Hebrew WP || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|
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|-
|Hungarian WP || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|
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|2
|2
|
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|-
|Indonesian WP
|
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|1
|1
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|-
|Italian WP || 3 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0
|
|
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|
| 1
| 1
|3
|3
|5
|5
|14
|14
|8
|8
|-
|Italian Wikinews || 0 || 0 ||1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|
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|1
|1
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|-
|Kabyle WP
|
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|1
|1
|1
|1
|-
|Malasian WP
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|1
|1
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|-
|Norwegian WP || 1 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|
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|1
|1
|
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|4
|4
|2
|2
|-
|Polish WP || 2 || 2 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|
|
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|1
|1
|
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|1
|1
|1
|1
|-
|Romanian WP ||1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|
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|-
|Serbian WP
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|1
|1
|1
|1
|
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|-
|Slovak WP || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0
|
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|-
|Slovenian WP || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|
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|1
|
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|1
|-
|Spanish WP || 2 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|
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|1
|1
|2
|
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|2
|-
|Turkish Wikipedia
|
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|1
|1
|
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|2
|2
|-
|Wiki Commons || 7 || 8 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0
|
|
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|3
|7
|3
|3
|
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|4
|4
|-
|Swedish WP
|
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|1
|1
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|-
|Western Frisian
|
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|2
|
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|2
|-
|Wikidata
|
|
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|1
|1
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|-
|Wikimedia || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
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|-
|Wikinews
|
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|2
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|2
|-
|'''Totals'''||'''44'''||'''48'''||'''16'''||'''16'''||'''16'''||'''17'''||'''12'''||'''12'''
|'''19'''
|'''22'''
|
|'''12'''
|'''12'''
|'''12''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'''''
|'''29'''
|'''34'''
|'''35'''
|'''36'''
|'''69'''
|'''106'''
|'''63'''
|'''72'''
|}

&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!&lt;small&gt;Projects Affected&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices July 1-Dec 31, 2020&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed July 1-Dec 31, 2020&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices Jan 1-June 30, 2020&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed Jan 1-June 30, 2020&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices July 1-Dec 31, 2021&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed July 1-Dec 31, 2021&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices Jan 1-June 30, 2021&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed Jan 1-June 30, 2021&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices July 1-Dec 31, 2022&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed July 1-Dec 31, 2022&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices Jan 1-June 30, 2022&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed June 1-June 30, 2022&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices July 1-Dec 31, 2023&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed July 1-Dec 31, 2023&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices Jan 1-June 30, 2023&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed Jan 1-June 30, 2023&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices July 1-Dec 31, 2024&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed July 1-Dec 31, 2024&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices Jan 1-June 30, 2024&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed  Notices Jan 1-June 30, 2024&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|Azerbaijani WP
|
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|-
|Basque WP || || || || || 1|| 1|| 1||1
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|-
|Bulgarian WP || || || || || || || ||
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|-
|Catalan WP || || || || || 1|| 1|| 1||1
|
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|
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|3
|3
|
|
|2
|2
|-
|Chinese WP
|
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|-
|Croatian WP || || || || || || || ||
|
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|-
|Danish WP || 1|| 1|| || || || || ||
|1
|1
|
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|
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|1
|1
|
|
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|-
|Dutch WP || 5|| 5|| 8|| 8|| 7|| 7|| 1||1
|2
|2
|6
|6
|3
|3
|9
|9
|4
|4
|2
|2
|-
|English WP || 4|| 4|| 8|| 8|| 10|| 10|| 12||12
|32
|34
|26
|26
|28
|28
|31
|31
|46
|46
|85
|113
|-
|Simple English WP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|-
|English Wikiversity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|English Wikinews || || || || || 1|| 1|| 1||1
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|-
|Esperanto WP || || || || || || || ||
|
|
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|-
|Finnish WP || || || || || 1|| 1|| 4||4
|
|
|3
|3
|3
|3
|4
|4
|1
|1
|2
|2
|-
|French WP || 3|| 3|| 5|| 5|| 16|| 16|| 8||8
|10
|10
|14
|14
|24
|25
|24
|24
|18
|18
|39
|39
|-
|French Wikiquote || || || || || || || ||
|
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|-
|French Wikiversity || || || || || || || ||
|
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|-
|French Wikinews
|
|
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|-
|German WP || 3|| 3|| 8|| 8|| 8|| 8|| 13||13
|8
|8
|14
|14
|29
|33
|17
|17
|10
|10
|62
|62
|-
|German Wikinews
|
|
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|
|
|-
|German Wikiversity
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
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|-
|German Wikisource || || || || || || || ||
|
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|-
|Greek Wikpedia
|
|
|2
|2
|
|
|
|
|
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|-
|Hebrew WP || || || || || || || ||
|
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|-
|Hungarian WP || 1|| 1|| 1|| 1|| || || ||
|1
|1
|2
|2
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|
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|-
|Indonesian WP
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|1
|1
|
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|-
|Italian WP || 4|| 4|| 11|| 11|| 8|| 8|| 5||5
|5
|5
|10
|10
|4
|4
|10
|10
|4
|4
|3
|3
|-
|Italian Wikinews || || || || || || || ||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Kabyle WP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Norwegian WP || 1|| 1|| 2|| 2|| || || 4||4
|1
|1
|2
|2
|
|
|1
|1
|3
|3
|
|
|-
|Polish WP || 3|| 3|| 2|| 2|| 1|| 1|| 1||1
|
|
|1
|1
|2
|2
|4
|4
|1
|1
|
|
|-
|Portuguese WP
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Romanian WP || 3|| 3|| 3|| 3|| || || 1||1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|-
|Serbian WP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|1
|1
|-
|Slovak WP || 2|| 2|| || || || || ||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|2
|2
|-
|Slovenian WP || || || || || || || ||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|2
|2
|
|
|
|
|-
|Spanish WP || || || || || || || 3||3
|4
|4
|2
|2
|6
|6
|19
|19
|1
|1
|6
|6
|-
|Turkish Wikipedia
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|1
|1
|-
|Wiki Commons || 2|| 2|| 7|| 7|| 15|| 15|| 8||8
|
|
|13
|13
|15
|15
|12
|12
|18
|18
|17
|17
|-
|Swedish WP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|2
|2
|1
|1
|3
|3
|
|
|1
|1
|6
|6
|-
|Western Frisian
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Wikidata
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|1
|1
|6
|6
|3
|3
|7
|7
|8
|8
|6
|6
|8
|8
|-
|Wikimedia || || || || || || || ||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Wikinews
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Wikipedia
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|46
|46
|
|
|-
|'''Totals'''|| '''32'''|| '''32'''|| '''61'''|| '''61'''|| '''70'''|| '''70'''|| '''65'''||'''65'''
|'''74'''
|'''76'''
|'''100'''
|'''100'''
|'''124'''
|'''129'''
|'''148'''
|'''148'''
|'''161'''
|'''161'''
|'''236'''
|'''264'''
|}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+
!&lt;small&gt;Projects Affected&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices July 1-Dec 31, 2025&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed July 1-Dec 31, 2025&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices Jan 1-June 30, 2025&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed Jan 1-June 30, 2025&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices Jan 1-June 30, 2026&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed Jan 1-June 30, 2026&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices July 1-Dec 31, 2026&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed July 1-Dec 31, 2026&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|Amharic WP
|1
|1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Azerbaijani WP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Basque WP
|2
|2
|3
|3
|
|
|2
|2
|-
|Bulgarian WP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Catalan WP
|1
|1
|1
|1
|2
|2
|3
|3
|-
|Chinese WP
|
|
|
|
|2
|2
|
|
|-
|Croatian WP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Danish WP
|2
|2
|
|
|
|
|4
|4
|-
|Dutch WP
|2
|2
|3
|3
|10
|10
|2
|2
|-
|English WP
|39
|39
|35
|35
|73
|75
|19
|19
|-
|Simple English WP
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|
|
|-
|English Wikinews
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Esperanto WP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Estonian WP
|2
|2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Finnish WP
|5
|5
|
|
|4
|4
|1
|1
|-
|French WP
|17
|17
|19
|19
|40
|40
|7
|7
|-
|French Wikinews
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|
|
|-
|Galician WP
|
|
|
|
|2
|2
|
|
|-
|German WP
|9
|9
|15
|15
|20
|20
|13
|13
|-
|German Wikinews
|
|
|2
|2
|
|
|
|
|-
|German Wikisource
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Greek WP
|
|
|1
|1
|2
|2
|
|
|-
|Hebrew WP
|2
|2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Hungarian WP
|2
|2
|1
|1
|2
|2
|
|
|-
|Indonesian WP
|1
|1
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|-
|Italian WP
|12
|12
|8
|8
|20
|20
|1
|1
|-
|Italian Wikinews
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Latvian WP
|
|
|
|
|3
|3
|
|
|-
|Lithuanian WP
|
|
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|-
|Lombard WP
|
|
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|-
|Macedonian WP
|
|
|
|
|4
|4
|
|
|-
|Norwegian WP
|4
|4
|3
|3
|5
|5
|
|
|-
|Polish WP
|1
|1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Portuguese WP
|5
|5
|1
|1
|13
|13
|4
|4
|-
|Romanian WP
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|
|
|-
|Russian WP
|1
|1
|
|
|4
|4
|
|
|-
|Serbian WP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Slovak WP
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|
|
|-
|Slovenian WP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Spanish WP
|10
|10
|4
|4
|12
|12
|8
|8
|-
|Turkish WP
|
|
|2
|2
|4
|4
|
|
|-
|Ukrainian  WP
|3
|3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Commons
|10
|10
|37
|37
|8
|8
|1
|1
|-
|Swedish WP
|8
|8
|2
|2
|2
|2
|
|
|-
|West Flemish WP
|
|
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|-
|Wikidata
|3
|3
|5
|12
|5
|5
|1
|1
|-
|Wikimedia
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Wikinews (English)
|1
|1
|6
|6
|
|
|
|
|-
|Wikinews (Russian)
|
|
|
|
|2
|2
|
|
|-
|Wikiquote (Spanish)
|
|
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|-
|Wikipedia
|35
|35
|89
|89
|
|
|
|
|-
|'''Totals'''
|'''180'''
|'''180'''
|'''242'''
|'''249'''
|'''251'''
|'''254'''
|'''66'''
|'''66'''
|}

=== English Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:en1RTBF.pdf
File:en2RTBF.pdf
File:En3RTBF.pdf
File:En4RTBF.pdf
File:En5RTBF.pdf
File:En6RTBF.pdf
File:En7RTBF.pdf
File:En08RTBF.pdf
File:En9RTBF.pdf
File:En10RTBF.pdf
File:En11RTBF.pdf
File:En12RTBF.pdf
File:En13RTBF.pdf
File:En14RTBF.pdf
File:En15RTBF.pdf
File:En16RTBF.pdf
File:En17RTBF.pdf
File:En18RTBF.pdf
File:En19RTBF.pdf
File:En21RTBF.pdf
File:En22RTBF.pdf
File:En23RTBF.pdf
File:En24RTBF.pdf
File:En25RTBF.pdf
File:En26RTBF.pdf
File:En27RTBF.pdf
File:En28RTBF.pdf
File:En29RTBF.pdf
File:En30RTBF.pdf
File:En31RTBF.pdf
File:En32RTBF.pdf
File:En33RTBF.pdf
File:En34RTBF.pdf
File:En35RTBF.pdf
File:En36RTBF.pdf
File:En37RTBF.pdf
File:En38RTBF.pdf
File:En39RTBF.pdf
File:En40RTBF.pdf
File:En41RTBF.pdf
File:En42RTBF.pdf
File:En_43RTBF.pdf
File:En44RTBF.pdf
File:En45RTBF.pdf
File:En46RTBF.pdf
File:En47RTBF.pdf
File:En48RTBF.pdf
File:En49RTBF.pdf
File:En50RTBF.pdf
File:En51RTBF.pdf
File:En52RTBF.pdf
File:En53RTBF.pdf
File:En54RTBF.pdf
File:En55RTBF.pdf
File:En56RTBF.pdf
File:En57RTBF.pdf
File:En58RTBF.pdf
File:En59RTBF.pdf
File:En60RTBF.pdf
File:En61RTBF.pdf
File:En62RTBF.pdf
File:En63RTBF.pdf
File:En64RTBF.pdf
File:En65RTBF.pdf
File:En66RTBF.pdf
File:En67RTBF.pdf
File:En68RTBF.pdf
File:En69RTBF.pdf
File:En70RTBF.pdf
File:En71RTBF.pdf
File:En72RTBF.pdf
File:En85RTBF.pdf
File:En86RTBF.pdf
File:En87RTBF.pdf
File:En88RTBF.pdf
File:En89RTBF.pdf
File:En90RTBF.pdf
File:En91RTBF.pdf
File:En92RTBF.pdf
File:En93RTBF.pdf
File:En94RTBF.pdf
File:En95RTBF.pdf
File:En96RTBF.pdf
File:En97RTBF.pdf
File:En98RTBF.pdf
File:En99RTBF.pdf
File:En100RTBF.pdf
File:En101RTBF.pdf
File:En102RTBF.pdf
File:En106RTBF.pdf
File:En107RTBF.pdf
File:En108RTBF.pdf
File:En109RTBF.pdf
File:En110RTBF.pdf
File:En111RTBF.pdf
File:En112RTBF.pdf
File:En113RTBF.pdf
File:En114RTBF.pdf
File:En115RTBF.pdf
File:En116RTBF.pdf
File:En117RTBF.pdf
File:En118RTBF.pdf
File:En119RTBF.pdf
File:En120RTBF.pdf
File:En121RTBF.pdf
File:En122RTBF.pdf
File:En123RTBF.pdf
File:En124RTBF.pdf
File:En125RTBF.pdf
File:En126RTBF.pdf
File:En127RTBF.pdf
File:En128RTBF.pdf
File:En129RTBF.pdf
File:En130RTBF.pdf
File:En131RTBF.pdf
File:En132RTBF.pdf
File:En133RTBF.pdf
File:En134RTBF.pdf
File:En136RTBF.pdf
File:En137RTBF.pdf
File:En138RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Azerbaijani Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:AZ1RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Basque Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
Ba1RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Chinese Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;

File:Cn01RTBF.pdf

&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Croatian Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;

Cr1RTBF.pdf
Cr2RTBF.pdf

&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Danish Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Da1RTBF.pdf
File:Da2RTBF.pdf
File:Da3RTBF.pdf
File:Da4RTBF.pdf

&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Dutch Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
Nl4RTBF.pdf
Nl5RTBF.pdf
Nl6RTBF.pdf
Nl7RTBF.pdf
Nl8RTBF.pdf
Nl9RTBF.pdf
Nl10RTBF.pdf
Nl11RTBF.pdf
Nl12RTBF.pdf
Nl13RTBF.pdf
Nl14RTBF.pdf

&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Finnish Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
Fi1RTBF.pdf
Fi2RTBF.pdf
Fi3RTBF.pdf
Fi4RTBF.pdf
Fi5RTBF.pdf
Fi6RTBF.pdf
Fi7RTBF.pdf
Fi8RTBF.pdf

&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== French Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
Fr1RTBF.pdf
Fr2RTBF.pdf
Fr3RTBF.pdf
Fr4RTBF.pdf
Fr5RTBF.pdf
Fr6RTBF.pdf
Fr7RTBF.pdf
Fr8RTBF.pdf
Fr9RTBF.pdf
Fr10RTBF.pdf
Fr11RTBF.pdf
Fr12RTBF.pdf
Fr13RTBF.pdf
Fr14RTBF.pdf
Fr15RTBF.pdf
Fr16RTBF.pdf
Fr17RTBF.pdf
Fr18RTBF.pdf
Fr19RTBF.pdf
Fr20RTBF.pdf
Fr21RTBF.pdf
Fr22RTBF.pdf
Fr23RTBF.pdf
Fr28RTBF.pdf
Fr24RTBF.pdf
Fr25RTBF.pdf
Fr26RTBF.pdf
Fr27RTBF.pdf
Fr28RTBF.pdf
Fr29RTBF.pdf
Fr30RTBF.pdf
Fr31RTBF.pdf
Fr32RTBF.pdf
Fr33RTBF.pdf
Fr34RTBF.pdf
Fr35RTBF.pdf
Fr36RTBF.pdf
Fr37RTBF.pdf
Fr38RTBF.pdf
Fr39RTBF.pdf
Fr40RTBF.pdf
Fr41RTBF.pdf
Fr42RTBF.pdf
Fr43RTBF.pdf
Fr44RTBF.pdf
Fr45RTBF.pdf
Fr46RTBF.pdf
Fr47RTBF.pdf
Fr48RTBF.pdf
Fr49RTBF.pdf
Fr50RTBF.pdf
Fr51RTBF.pdf
Fr52RTBF.pdf
Fr53RTBF.pdf
Fr54RTBF.pdf
Fr55RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== French Wikiversity ===
&lt;gallery&gt;

Frversity1RTBF.pdf

&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Esperanto Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
Esp1RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== German Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
De1RTBF.pdf
De2RTBF.pdf
De3RTBF.pdf
De4RTBF.pdf
De5RTBF.pdf
De6RTBF.pdf
De7RTBF.pdf
De8RTBF.pdf
De9RTBF.pdf
De10RTBF.pdf
De11RTBF.pdf
De12RTBF.pdf
De13RTBF.pdf
De14RTBF.pdf
De15RTBF.pdf
De16RTBF.pdf
De17RTBF.pdf
De18RTBF.pdf
De19RTBF.pdf
De20RTBF.pdf
De21RTBF.pdf
De22RTBF.pdf
De23RTBF.pdf
De24RTBF.pdf
De25RTBF.pdf
De26RTBF.pdf
De27RTBF.pdf
De28RTBF.pdf
De29RTBF.pdf
De30RTBF.pdf
De31RTBF.pdf
De32RTBF.pdf
De33RTBF.pdf
De34RTBF.pdf
De35RTBF.pdf
De36RTBF.pdf
De37RTBF.pdf
De38RTBF.pdf
De39RTBF.pdf
De40RTBF.pdf
De41RTBF.pdf
De42RTBF.pdf
De43RTBF.pdf
De44RTBF.pdf
De45RTBF.pdf
De46RTBF.pdf
De47RTBF.pdf
De48RTBF.pdf
De49RTBF.pdf
De50RTBF.pdf
De51RTBF.pdf
De52RTBF.pdf
De53RTBF.pdf
De54RTBF.pdf
De55RTBF.pdf
De56RTBF.pdf
De57RTBF.pdf
De58RTBF.pdf
De59RTBF.pdf
De60RTBF.pdf
De61RTBF.pdf
De62RTBF.pdf
De63RTBF.pdf
De64RTBF.pdf
De65RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Greek Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Gk1RTBF.pdf
File:Gk2RTBF.pdf

&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Hebrew Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
He1RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Hungarian Wikipedia ===

&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Hg1RTBF.pdf
File:Hg2RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Indonesian Wikipedia ===
[[File:In1RTBF.pdf|194x194px]]

=== Italian Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:it1RTBF.pdf
File:it2RTBF.pdf
File:It3RTBF.pdf
It4RTBF.pdf
File:IT5RTBF.pdf
IT6RTBF.pdf
File:IT7RTBF.pdf
File:IT8RTBF.pdf
File:IT9RTBF.pdf
File:IT10RTBF.pdf
IT11RTBF.pdf
IT12RTBF.pdf
IT13RTBF.pdf
IT14RTBF.pdf
IT15RTBF.pdf
IT16RTBF.pdf
IT17RTBF.pdf
IT18RTBF.pdf
IT19RTBF.pdf
IT20RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Italian Wikinews ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
ItWN1RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

=== Kabyle Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Kab01RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

=== Norwegian Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
Nw1RTBF.pdf
NW2RTBF.pdf
File:NW3RTBF.pdf
File:NW4RTBF.pdf
NW5RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Polish Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Pl1RTBF.pdf
Pl2RTBF.pdf
Pl3RTBF.pdf
File:Pl4RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Portuguese Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
Pt01RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Romanian Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
Rm1RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Serbian Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Sb1RTBF.pdf
File:Sb2RTBF.pdf

&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Slovak Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
Slo1RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Slovenian Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;

File:Slov1RTBF.pdf

&lt;/gallery&gt;


=== Spanish Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
Es2RTBF.pdf
Es3RTBF.pdf
Es4RTBF.pdf
Es5RTBF.pdf
Es6RTBF.pdf
Es7RTBF.pdf
Es8RTBF.pdf

&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Swedish Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
Sv1RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Turkish Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
Tu01rtbf.pdf
Tu02rtbf.pdf
Tu03rtbf.pdf
Tu04rtbf.pdf
Tu05rtbf.pdf
Tu06rtbf.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Western Frisian ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Wf01RTBF.pdf
File:Wf02RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

&lt;br /&gt;

=== Wikidata ===
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Wd01RTBF.pdf
File:Wd02RTBF.pdf
File:Wd03RTBF.pdf
File:Wd04RTBF.pdf
File:Wd05RTBF.pdf
File:Wd06RTBF.pdf
File:Wd07RTBF.pdf
File:Wd08RTBF.pdf
File:Wd09RTBF.pdf
File:Wd10RTBF.pdf
File:Wd11RTBF.pdf
File:Wd12RTBF.pdf
File:Wd13RTBF.pdf
File:Wd14RTBF.pdf
File:Wd15RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Wikimedia Commons ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
Commons2RTBF.pdf
Commons3RTBF.pdf
Commons4RTBF.pdf
Commons5RTBF.pdf
Commons6RTBF.pdf
Commons7RTBF.pdf
Commons8RTBF.pdf
Commons10RTBF.pdf
Commons11RTBF.pdf
File:Commons12RTBF.pdf
File:Commons13RTBF.pdf
Commons14RTBF.pdf
Commons15RTBF.pdf
Commons16RTBF.pdf
Commons17RTBF.pdf
Commons18RTBF.pdf
Commons19RTBF.pdf
Commons20RTBF.pdf
Commons21RTBF.pdf
Commons22RTBF.pdf
Commons23RTBF.pdf
Commons24RTBF.pdf
Commons25RTBF.pdf
Commons26RTBF.pdf
Commons27RTBF.pdf
Commons28RTBF.pdf
Commons29RTBF.pdf
Commons30RTBF.pdf
Commons31RTBF.pdf
Commons32RTBF.pdf
Commons33RTBF.pdf
Commons34RTBF.pdf
Commons35RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Wikinews (English) ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Wn01RTBF.pdf
File:Wn02RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Wikinews (French) ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:WnFr01RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Wikinews (Russian) ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
WnRs01RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Wikipedia ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
Wp01RTBF.pdf
&lt;/gallery&gt;


=== Non content removal notices for all wikis ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! &lt;small&gt;Other types of pages removed from search results&lt;/small&gt;
! &lt;small&gt;Notices July 1-Dec 31, 2014&lt;/small&gt;
! &lt;small&gt;Links removed July 1-Dec 31, 2014&lt;/small&gt;
! &lt;small&gt;Notices Jan 1-June 30, 2015&lt;/small&gt;
! &lt;small&gt;Links removed Jan 1-June 30, 2015&lt;/small&gt;
! &lt;small&gt;Notices July 1-Dec 31, 2015&lt;/small&gt;
! &lt;small&gt;Links removed July 1-Dec 31, 2015&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices Jan 1-June 30, 2016&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed Jan 1-June 30, 2016&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices July 1-Dec 31, 2016&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed July 1-Dec 31, 2016&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices Jan 1- June 30, 2017&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed Jan 1 - June 30, 2017&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices July 1 - Dec 31, 2017&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed July 1-Dec 31, 2017&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices Jan 1- June 30, 2018&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed Jan 1 - June 30, 2018&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices July 1 - Dec 31, 2018&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed July 1-Dec 31, 2018&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Notices Jan 1- June 30, 2019&lt;/small&gt;
!&lt;small&gt;Links removed Jan 1 - June 30, 2019&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|Discussion pages || 6 || 7 || 3 || 3 || 1 || 1
|6
|6
|2
|2
|1
|1
|2
|2
|2
|7
|4
|4
|8
|8
|-
|Governance pages (e.g., Requests for deletion pages, Arbcom cases, etc.) || 6 || 58 || 5 || 8 || 1 || 1
|1
|1
|1
|1
|6
|6
|6
|6
|8
|8
|3
|3
|3
|3
|-
|User pages || 8 || 11 || 5 || 5 || 4 || 4
|2
|3
|5
|6
|1
|1
|1
|1
|1
|1
|2
|2
|10
|10
|-
|'''Totals''' || '''20''' || '''76''' || '''13''' || '''16''' || '''6''' || '''6'''
|'''9'''
|'''10'''
|'''8'''
|'''9'''
|'''8'''
|'''8'''
|'''9'''
|'''9'''
|'''11'''
|'''16'''
|'''9'''
|'''9'''
|'''21'''
|'''21'''
|}

[[Category:Notices received from search engines| ]]
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  </page>
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    <title>Policy:Cookie statement/ar</title>
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{{Policy-board}}
كما هو مذكور في [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy|سياسة الخصوصية]]، تؤمن ويكيميديا ​​بقوة بقيم الخصوصية والشفافية. ولتحقيق هذه الغاية، قمنا بإنشاء بيان ملفات تعريف الارتباط هذا كدليل مرجعي واضح لاستخدام ملفات تعريف الارتباط على مواقع ويكيميديا. يشرح بيان ملفات تعريف الارتباط هذا كيف نستخدم ملفات تعريف الارتباط (وتقنيات البيانات المخزنة محليًا الأخرى)، وكيف نستخدم ملفات تعريف الارتباط الخاصة بالجهات الخارجية، وكيف يمكنك إدارة خيارات ملفات تعريف الارتباط الخاصة بك. لمزيد من المعلومات حول ممارسات الخصوصية لدينا، يرجى زيارة [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy|سياسة الخصوصية]].

تجمع مؤسسة ويكيميديا المنظمة غير الربحية التي تستضيف مواقع ويكيميديا بعض المعلومات بوسائل مختلفة منها  [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy/Glossary of key terms#tracking-pixel|بكسيلات التتبع]], [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy/Glossary of key terms#javascript|جافاسكريبت]], وأنواع من وسائل جمع المعطيات المخزنة محليا مثل [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy/Glossary of key terms#cookies|ملفات تعريف الارتباط]] و [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy/Glossary of key terms#local-storage|التخزين المحلي]].

__TOC__
&lt;span id=&quot;What_is_a_cookie?&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== ما هي ملفات تعريف الارتباط؟ ==

ملف تعريف الارتباط («الكوكي - cookie») هو ملف بيانات صغير ننقله إلى حاسوبك أو هاتفك المحمول أو أي جهاز آخر تستخدمه في الوصول إلى مواقع ويكيميديا، وتستخدم عادة في أغراض التصديق والتتبع. تنتهي صلاحية كل ملف من ملفات تعريف الارتباط بعد فترة محددة، إلا أن هذه الفترة تختلف استنادا إلى الغرض من ملف تعريف الارتباط وإعدادات متصفحك.

Cookies are often categorized based on how long they remain active before they expire. A تصنف غالبا cookie is one that generally expires when you close your web browser or mobile application. A ملفات تعريف الارتباطcookie is one that remains in your device, even after you close your browser or mobile application.  A persistent cookie expires according to the duration set by us, or when you delete it manually. You can [[ استنادا إلى مدة وجودهاlearn more about cookies on Wikipedia]]. نشطة قبل انتهاء صلاحيتها. ملف تعريف الارتباط الخاص «بجلسة واحدة» هو ملف تنتهي صلاحيته بوجه عام حينما تغلق متصفح الويب أو تطبيق الجهاز المحمول. أما ملف تعريف الارتباط «المستديم» هو ملف يظل على جهازك حتى بعد إغلاقك للمتصفح أو تطبيق الجهاز المحمول. تنتهي صلاحية ملفات تعريف الارتباط المستديمة حسب المدة التي نحددها نحن، أو حينما تمحو الملف يدويا. يمكنك أن [[:w:ar:ملف تعريف ارتباط|تتعرف على المزيد عن ملفات تعريف الارتباط على ويكيبيديا]].

يمكنك محو أو تعطيل ملفات تعريف الارتباط مستخدما إعدادات المتصفح. لتطلع على المزيد من المعلومات عن كيفية إدارة خيارات ملفات تعريف الارتباط لديك، يرجى الذهاب إلى [[#ما هي خيارات ملفات تعريف الارتباط المتاحة لي؟|القسم الثالث]] من بيان ملفات تعريف الارتباط تاليا.

كي تطلع على المزيد من المعلومات عن هذا المصطلح ومصطلحات مهمة أخرى قد تكون ذات صلة بالأمر، يرجى تصفح [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy/Glossary of key terms|مسرد مصطلحات سياسة الخصوصية]].
{{anchor|types}}
&lt;span id=&quot;What_types_of_cookies_does_Wikimedia_use_and_for_what_purposes?&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== ما هي أنواع ملفات تعريف الارتباط التي تستخدمها ويكيميديا ولأي غرض؟ ==

ملفات تعريف الارتباط ليست مطلوبة لقراءة مواقع ويكيميديا ​​أو تحريرها. نحن نستخدم المعلومات التي نتلقاها من ملفات تعريف الارتباط وتقنيات البيانات المخزنة محليًا الأخرى لجعل تجربتك مع مواقع ويكيميديا ​​أكثر أمانًا وأفضل، وللحصول على فهم أكبر لتفضيلات المستخدم وتفاعلاته مع مواقع ويكيميديا، ولتحسين خدماتنا بشكل عام. ملفات تعريف الارتباط مطلوبة لتسجيل الدخول ولربط تعديلاتك بحساب مستخدم؛ وبدون ملفات تعريف الارتباط، ستكون تعديلاتك مجهولة المصدر وغير مرتبطة بحساب ما.

نستخدم ملفات تعريف الارتباط وجافاسكريبت وبكسلات التتبعات وتقنيات تخزين البيانات محليا الأخرى كي نحقق أغراض مختلفة. القائمة التالية تبين تصنيفات ملفات تعريف الارتباط التي نستخدمها والغرض من استخدامها.

'''وظيفية:'''

تساعد ملفات تعريف الارتباط هذه مواقع ويكيميديا ​​على العمل وهي ضرورية لتمكينك من التنقل في موقع ويكيميديا ​​واستخدام ميزاتها. تعد ملفات تعريف الارتباط هذه مفيدة لتذكر اسم المستخدم الخاص بك في حقل تسجيل الدخول، والحفاظ على جلستك وتذكر الإجراءات السابقة، وإبقائك مسجلاً الدخول (إذا تم تحديده)، والمزيد.

إليك بضعة أمثلة:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!{{int string|Name}}
!مدة الانتهاء
!{{int string|Category}}
!ماذا يفعل؟
|-
|centralauth_Token

{$wgCookiePrefix}* Token
|365 يوم، لو اختار المستخدم خيار ‘Keep me logged in’. خلاف ذلك تمحى.
|الوظيفة
|&lt;span class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;تيسر استخدام خاصية ‘Keep me logged in’.https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100013196253028&lt;/span&gt;
|-
|{$wgCookiePrefix}* UserID, UserName
|365 يوم، لو اختار المستخدم خيار ‘Keep me logged in’. خلاف ذلك تكون 30 يوم.
|{{tunit|19|Functionality}}
|تساعد في تعريفك على موقع الويكي وتحافظ على تسجيل دخولك.
|-
|loginnotify_prevlogins
|
180 يوماً
|{{tunit|19|Functionality}}
|تتحقق من أنك مسجل الدخول من جهاز معروف.

يؤثر ذلك على الحد الأقصى لعدد محاولات تسجيل الدخول الفاشلة الذي يرسل إشعار إلى المستخدم.
|-
|centralauth_Session

{$wgCookiePrefix}* Session
|حينما يغلق المستخدم متصفح الإنترنت
|{{tunit|19|Functionality}}
|إدارة جلسات التصفح. تقدم وظيفة مثل تسجيل الدخول إلى مواقع ويكيميديا.
|}
'''تفضيلات:'''

تخزن هذه الملفات تفضيلاتك حتى يمكن تذكرها في المرة التالية التي تستخدم فيها مواقع ويكيميديا وذلك للحصول على خبرة استخدام مخصصة. هذه الملفات مفيدة في التعرف على تفضيلات لغتك وصونها وكذلك تذكر التغييرات التي أجريتها على حجم النص والخطوط وتفضيلات العرض الأخرى، حتى يمكننا أن نقدم لك المظهر والشكل الذي ترغب فيه وغيرها الكثير.

{{tunit|13|Here are a few examples:}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!{{int string|Name}}
!{{tunit|15|Expires}}
!{{int string|Category}}
!{{tunit|17|'''What does it do?'''}}
|-
|mwclientpreferences
| &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;30 days&lt;/span&gt;
| &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Preferences&lt;/span&gt;
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Stores user preferences for client-side settings, such as font size, dark mode, and width (wide or standard). This cookie ensures a customized browsing experience for anonymous users. For more details, see the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Technical_decision_making/Decision_records/T333867|decision record]].&lt;/span&gt;
|-
|stopMobileRedirect
|30 يوماً
|التفضيلات
|يبلغنا ألا نعيد توجيهك إلى الموقع المخصص للأجهزة المحمولة لو لم تكن تحب ذلك.
|-
|uls-preferences
|التخزين المحلي، ليس ملف تعريف ارتباط
|{{tunit|39|Preferences}}
|يسمح لك بتحديد التفضيلات لوظيفة تحديد اللغة العالمية.
|-
|hidewatchlistmessage- [watchlistMessageId]

● حيث watchlistMessageld هو معرف الرسالة المخفية
|28 يوم
|{{tunit|39|Preferences}}
|يسمح للمستخدم بإخفاء رسالة قائمة المراقبة.
|-
|userFontSize
|{{tunit|41|Local Storage, not a cookie}}
|{{tunit|39|Preferences}}
|يتتبع حجم الخط المفضل لديك على موقع الهاتف المحمول.
|-
|preferredEditor
|{{tunit|41|Local Storage, not a cookie}}
|{{tunit|39|Preferences}}
|يتتبع المحرر المفضل لديك على موقع الهاتف المحمول.
|}
'''الأداء والتحليل:'''

تحسب ملفات تعريف الارتباط هذه عدد الزوار وتجمع معلومات حول كيفية استخدامك لمواقع ويكيميديا. يتيح لنا ذلك فهم تجربة المستخدم الخاصة بك على مواقع ويكيميديا ​​بشكل أفضل ويساعدنا على تحسينها لك وللمستخدمين الآخرين - على سبيل المثال، من خلال التأكد من عثور المستخدمين على ما يحتاجون إليه بسهولة. تشمل الأمثلة الأخرى ما يلي:

* تذكر الصفحات التي تمت زيارتها، والإجراءات المتخذة على مواقع ويكيميديا ​​حتى نتمكن من تحسين الصفحات؛
* تذكر ما إذا كان المستخدمون يحصلون على رسائل خطأ من صفحات الويب؛
* تخزين أحدث المقالات المقروءة مباشرة على جهازك، حتى يمكن استرجاعها بسرعة؛
* تذكر المواضيع التي تم البحث عنها حتى نتمكن من تحسين نتائج البحث التي نقدمها لك؛
* تذكر قائمة المقالات التي تتابعها في قائمة المراقبة الخاصة بك حتى نتمكن من التوصية بمقالات مماثلة قد تكون مهتمًا بها.
{{tunit|13|Here are a few examples:}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!{{int string|Name}}
!{{tunit|15|Expires}}
!{{int string|Category}}
!{{tunit|17|'''What does it do?'''}}
|-
|centralnotice_bucket
|7 أيام
|الأداء والتحليل
|يساعدنا على فهم فعالية الإشعارات المقدمة إلى المستخدمين من خلال تمديد الإشعار المركزي. [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CentralNotice|Extension:CentralNotice]]
|-
|ext.popups.core.previewCount
|{{tunit|41|Local Storage, not a cookie}}
|{{tunit|67|Performance and Analysis}}
|يساعدنا على فهم فعالية Hovercards.
|-
|WMF-Last-Access
|{{tunit|38|30 days}}
|{{tunit|67|Performance and Analysis}}
|يساعدنا في حساب الأجهزة الفريدة التي تصل إلى موقعنا. انظر: [//diff.wikimedia.org/2016/03/30/unique-devices-dataset/ diff.wikimedia.org/2016/03/30/unique-devices-dataset/]
|-
|WMF-Uniq
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;365 days, refreshed weekly&lt;/span&gt;
|{{tunit|67|Performance and Analysis}}
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Helps us count the number of site visitors, run A/B tests, and mitigate DDoS attacks. See: [//diff.wikimedia.org/2025/04/09/using-privacy-engineering-to-enable-modern-usability-testing-and-defend-against-network-attacks/ diff.wikimedia.org/2025/04/09/using-privacy-engineering-to-enable-modern-usability-testing-and-defend-against-network-attacks/]&lt;/span&gt;
|}
'''الطرف الثالث:'''

لن نستخدم أبدًا ملفات تعريف ارتباط الطرف الثالث على مواقع الويكي الخاصة بنا ما لم نحصل على إذن منك للقيام بذلك. ستسمح لنا ملفات تعريف الارتباط هذه بتقديم الخدمات التي تقدمها أطراف ثالثة، مثل أزرار &quot;أعجبني&quot; و&quot;مشاركة&quot;. عندما يقدم طرف ثالث هذه الأنواع من الخدمات، فقد يطلب استخدام ملف تعريف الارتباط من أجل تقديم خدماته.

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
إذا صادفت ملف تعريف ارتباط خاص بطرف ثالث تم نقله إلى جهازك أثناء وصولك إلى مواقع ويكيميديا ​​ويكي، حيث لم تتخذ أي إجراء للسماح باستخدام و/أو نقل ملف تعريف الارتباط هذا (مثل تلك التي ربما تم وضعها عن طريق الخطأ بواسطة مستخدم أو مسؤول آخر)، يرجى إبلاغنا بملف تعريف الارتباط هذا على {{nospam|privacy|wikimedia.org}}.
&lt;/div&gt;

'''ملاحظة حول المواقع غير التابعة لمؤسسة ويكيميديا:'''

تتم استضافة بعض المواقع غير التابعة لمؤسسة ويكيميديا ​​من قبل مزود خدمة خارجي.

قد يتم تمكين وحدة إحصائيات &quot;ووردبريس&quot; في المواقع التي يستضيفها &quot;ووردبريس VIP&quot;. الإحصائيات هي خدمة تسمح لنا بمعرفة عدد الزوار الذين نصلهم إلى مواقعنا غير الويكي المستضافة على &quot;ووردبريس&quot;، وموقعهم حسب البلد، وأي الصفحات والمقالات والروابط هي الأكثر شعبية. فقط مؤسسة ويكيميديا ​​ومزود الخدمة، تلقائي/&quot;ووردبريس&quot;، لديهما حق الوصول إلى بيانات الإحصائيات الأولية، والتي يتم الاحتفاظ بها لمدة أقصاها 30 يومًا. لمزيد من المعلومات حول الإحصائيات، راجع &quot;ووردبريس&quot; [//en.support.wordpress.com/stats/ صفحة الدعم على الوحدة].

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The [https://store.wikimedia.org/pages/copy-of-privacy-policy Wikipedia Store] is hosted by Shopify and is integrated with our TikTok Shop. This integration includes a tracking pixel from TikTok that measures traffic and campaign performance. Our implementation includes TikTok's [https://business-api.tiktok.com/portal/docs/pixel-limited-data-use/v1.3 limited data use] feature and the ability to opt-out of data sharing with TikTok through your cookie preferences. For information about how TikTok uses information, see their [https://www.tiktok.com/legal/page/global/partner-privacy-policy/en Partner Privacy Policy].
&lt;/div&gt;

تستخدم المواقع التي تستضيفها شركة Civilized Discourse Construction Kit, Inc.، والمعروفة باسم منتديات Discourse، ملفات تعريف الارتباط لأغراض وظيفية ولتخزين التفضيلات. فقط مؤسسة ويكيميديا ​​ومزود الخدمة لديهم حق الوصول إلى البيانات الأولية. لمزيد من المعلومات حول ملفات تعريف الارتباط وفترات الاحتفاظ بها، راجع Discourse [//www.discourse.org/privacy#heading--cookies معلومات حول ملفات تعريف الارتباط]. يرجى ملاحظة أن مؤسسة ويكيميديا ​​لم تقم بتكوين منتديات الخطاب الخاصة بها لاستخدام Google Analytics أو تقديم الإعلانات أو معالجة التبرعات؛ لا يتم استخدام ملفات تعريف الارتباط الخاصة بالخطاب المتعلقة بهذه الأغراض في مواقعنا.
{{anchor|options}}

&lt;span id=&quot;What_are_my_cookie_options?&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== ما هي خيارات ملفات تعريف الارتباط المتاحة لي؟ ==

قد لا توجد قائمة شاملة ووافية ولكن إليك بعض من الأمور التي يمكنك عملها كي تقلل استخدام ملفات تعريف الارتباط وتقنيات حفظ البيانات محليا الأخرى على جهازك. بينما أن ملفات تعريف الارتباط وتقنيات تخزين البيانات محليا الأخرى قد لا تكون ضرورية لاستخدام مواقعنا، إلا ان بعض السمات قد لا تعمل كما ينبغي لو عطلت عملها.

يمكنك:
* إزالة أو تعطيل بيانات محددة مخزنة محليًا في إعدادات متصفحك (يمكنك إعادة ضبط متصفح الويب الخاص بك لرفض جميع ملفات تعريف الارتباط أو للإشارة إلى وقت إرسال ملف تعريف الارتباط)؛
* استخدام متصفح يمكنه حظر ملفات تعريف الارتباط الخاصة بالطرف الثالث؛ أو
* قم بتثبيت مكون إضافي لحظر البيانات المخزنة محليًا، إذا كان ذلك متاحًا.

سوف يمنع وقف ملفات تعريف الارتباط من المتصفح بكسلات التتبع من تتبع نشاط المحدد. بكسلات التتبع قد تظل تسجل زيارة دون اسم من عنوان الآيبي الذي تستخدمه، إلا أن البيانات الفريدة لن تخزن. لو لم تكن ترغب في تلقي بكسلات تتبع، سوف يتعين عليك أن تعطل صور إتش تي إم إل من عميل البريد الإلكتروني الذي يعتمد على متصفك، وقد يؤثر ذلك على قدرتك على رؤية الصور الموجودة في رسائل البريد الإلكتروني الأخرى التي تتلقاها.
{{anchor|moreinfo}}
&lt;span id=&quot;Where_can_I_find_more_information?&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== أين أجد مزيد من المعلومات؟ ==

يرجى قراءة [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy|سياسة الخصوصية]] الخاصة بنا لمزيد من المعلومات. لو كانت لديك أية أسئلة أخرى، يرجى التواصل عبر العنوان {{nospam|privacy|wikimedia.org}}.

شكرا!
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-weight:bold;&quot;&gt;{{Disclaimer for translation|textonly=yes}}&lt;/div&gt;

[[Category:Policies{{#translation:}}]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Translations:Legal:Wikimedia Foundation Confidentiality Agreement for Nonpublic Information/4/zh</title>
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      <text bytes="421" sha1="6xsakki6nkdd17618uyaynhhw2ljhjv" xml:space="preserve">非公開個人資料是私人信息，包括私人用戶信息，您通過使用提供給您作為授權維基媒體社區成員或其他此類成員的工具來接收。非公開個人資料包括[[wmf:Privacy_policy#Definitions|由維基媒體隱私政策定義的“個人信息”]]，IP地址以及其他非公開的個人識別信息。它不包括有關該用戶在維基媒體項目上公開的用戶的信息。</text>
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    <title>Legal:Wikimedia Foundation Confidentiality Agreement for Nonpublic Information/zh</title>
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      <text bytes="7112" sha1="qazxvi1piqcwhrp9nkaqbsjcplpurbx" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages /&gt;
{{Help translate/Access to nonpublic personal data policy}}
{{Translation disclaimer}}
{{info
| 1 = 维基媒体基金会理事会于2018年11月6日通过了新的[[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access to nonpublic personal data policy|非公开信息访问方针]]。根据此方针规定，有非公开信息访问权限的志愿者（例如[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT|VRT]]志愿者、[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/CheckUser policy|用户查核员]]、[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Oversight policy|监督员]]和[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards|监管员]]）都需要签署此保密协议方可保持或取得非公开信息访问权限。[[Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Confidentiality agreement for nonpublic information/How to sign|阅读关于如何签署协议的指导]]。如果申請人所居住的司法管轄區禁止存取維基媒體計划'''並且'''有理由相信有除了申請人和基金會以外的人知道申請人的住所，基金會將不會向申請者授予基金會貢獻者NDA識別的貢獻者角色，在經過法律部門審核的個案可能會給予豁免。授予此類的NDA將導致申請者和其他在基金會平台上回應的貢獻者面臨不應有的風險。若使用者同時滿足此提議調整的兩個條件，所有基於NDA的授予使用者的存取權限應在方針調整時被撤銷。

&lt;small&gt;注意：由于在不同情况下，签署人可能年满16岁或18岁，因此文档中故意写作“X岁”。在Legalpad上志愿者签署的文档反映了签署人的实际年龄。&lt;/small&gt;
}}
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:120%&quot;&gt;
'''使用者保密協議 - 非公開資訊'''
&lt;/div&gt;

您在維基媒體基金會運動中扮演關鍵角色，提供寶貴的服務與支持，而我們的專案成功有賴於像您這樣獲授權的維基媒體社群成員。作為回報，您可能會獲授權存取機密的非公開資訊，包括私人使用者資料。本協議體現了您與維基媒體基金會之間共同承諾保護該等資訊的責任。透過數位簽署並提交本文件，您確認自己年滿X歲，並已審閱且同意此保密協議，該協議為您與維基媒體基金會之間的正式約定。

'''非公开個人資料。'''
非公開個人資料是私人信息，包括私人用戶信息，您通過使用提供給您作為授權維基媒體社區成員或其他此類成員的工具來接收。非公開個人資料包括[[wmf:Privacy_policy#Definitions|由維基媒體隱私政策定義的“個人信息”]]，IP地址以及其他非公開的個人識別信息。它不包括有關該用戶在維基媒體項目上公開的用戶的信息。

'''非公開個人資料的例外'''
非公開個人資料不包括：（壹）在披露時已經公開提供的任何信息；（贰）在披露後公開提供，而您並沒有違反本政策；（叁）在您披露之前由您擁有並作書面記錄證明之信息，並且不是維基媒體政策的早期機密規定的一部分；或（肆）法律要求您披露，但您承諾立即向WMF發出此類法律要求的通知，並遵守對此類披露施加的任何保護令。

'''获授权的社群成员。'''
授權社區成員是維基媒體用戶，通過有效的社區或基礎運行流程，託管[[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy|維基媒體隱私政策]]所涵蓋的信息。這包括社區成員可以存取任何工具，允許他們查看其他用戶或公眾成員的非公開信息，社區成員能夠訪問已從管理員視圖中刪除的內容或用戶信息，以及志願開發人員訪問非公開個人資料。授權的維基媒體社區成員可以包括例如監督者，檢查員，志願者開發者和其他類似的授權角色。

'''非公开個人資料的保护。'''
您同意：

* 遵守隐私政策、[[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access to nonpublic personal data policy|非公开個人資料访问权方针]]及任何其他适用及不冲突的与非公开信息相关的社群方针；
* 避免向任何人披露非公開個人資料，除非這些政策允許；
* 适当保护您的账户，免受未经授权的存取和使用；
* 僅在需要時及在作為授權維基媒體社區成員的職責範圍內存取、使用和披露非公開個人資料；
* 在預計披露日期前至少10日發送電郵至&lt;code&gt;check-disclosure{{@}}wikimedia.org&lt;/code&gt;，以闡述希望向外界（例如執法機關）披露的非公開資料。

'''违规。'''
您同意对于违反本协议，包括進行不正當的存取、使用或披露非公开個人資料的行为：

* 您會立刻向维基媒体基金通知您违反了规定；
* 若维基媒体基金会作出指示，您将删除或銷毀所有您占用并控制的非公开個人資料；
* 您获取非公开個人資料的权限可被终止；以及
* 维基媒体基金会可能會循法律途徑追討責任，包括禁令救济，或在有意目的的情况下要求金錢赔偿。

'''其他规定。'''
您亦同意：

* 这份协议并不会在维基媒体基金会和你之间产生雇佣、代理或合资关系；
* 您不能转移或分配您在本协议下的权限或义务；
* 您對您如何訪問和使用非公開個人資料應負起全部責任，您的活動或帳戶可能會被其他授權用戶或維基媒體基金會審核；以及
* 加利福尼亚州法律和美国法律將對本协议擁有司法管轄權（不考虑法律冲突原则）。

&lt;/div&gt;

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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:120%&quot;&gt;
'''界面'''
&lt;/div&gt;

通过在下方输入您的姓名，点击复选框，并在下方点击“签署协议”（Sign Document）按钮，您承诺您已阅览并同意您与维基媒体基金会之间的这份保密协议。除此之外，您必须：

: （一）保持非公开個人資料的机密性，即上述保密协议定义的信息；
: （二）如認為該等資料應向外界（例如執法機關）披露，須事先獲維基媒體基金會書面批准；
: （三）遵守[[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy|维基媒体隐私政策]]和[[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access to nonpublic personal data policy|非公开個人資料访问权方针]]；以及
: （四）向维基媒体基金会提供一个链接至您已拥有或申请拥有对应访问权限的账户的有效电子邮件地址。
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span id=&quot;Miscellaneous_text_for_translation_purposes&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
=== 用於翻譯的其他文字 ===

通过在下方输入您的姓名，点击复选框，并在下方点击“签署文档”（“Sign Document”）按钮，您认可您已阅读并同意这份您与维基媒体基金会之间的保密协议，以及[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT/Confidentiality agreement|VRT保密协议]]。除此之外，您必须：

一般保密协议 - 非公开個人資料

VRTS用户保密协议 - 非公开個人資料

提交

{{Privacy policy navigation 2|nocat=1}}

[[Category:Access to nonpublic personal data policy{{#translation:}}]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Legal:Wikimedia Foundation Country and Territory Protection List/zh</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
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{{Disclaimer for translation}}{{Governance navbox}}
透明度是維基媒體運動的基石，因此我們非常在乎我們釋出哪些數據以及如何釋出數據。根據我們的[[Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Data publication guidelines|數據公開指引]]，我們的目標是提供有關我們的專案的準確資訊，並且社群在為我們的專案做出貢獻時，不必面臨額外的隱私及其他安全風險。

受保護國家及地區名單方針旨在加強維基媒體基金會公開資訊和保護貢獻者個人資訊的能力，同時保證每個人能安全地為我們的線上專案做出貢獻，這符合基金會在其[[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Human Rights Policy|人權方針]]中維護維基媒體人隱私權的承諾。公開高水準、表面看似匿名的精確統計數據，會使貢獻者面臨風險。為此，本次更新的受保護國家及地區名單方針，考慮到了[[{{lwp|Data re-identification}}|差分隱私]]在統計上掩蓋單個貢獻者和貢獻的能力。此更新將在不影響社群安全的情況下，允許更大的靈活性和細微差別，從而使我們能夠釋出更多數據並更好地滿足社群的需求。

&lt;span id=&quot;Process&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== 流程 ==

該名單由維基媒體基金會的[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Global Advocacy|全球倡導團隊]]維護。團隊依靠受人尊敬的國際人權非政府組織的判斷來評估維基媒體使用者面臨的潛在風險。每年，[//rsf.org/en 無國界記者組織]會對數百個國家及地區進行年度評分（基於對政治、經濟、立法、社會和安全因素的審查），以表明每個地方的新聞安全。同樣，[//freedomhouse.org/expanding-freedom-and-democracy 自由之家]每年會對近80個國家及地區的網路自由度進行評分（基於一份調查問卷，評估訪問障礙、內容限制和侵犯使用者權利的情形）。

這些資訊具有高度可信性且動態性，每年由主題專家小組提供更新。依靠這些獨立數據，我們可以不斷迭代自己的模型，並為每個可以存取敏感資料的人提供一套內建的風險最小化準則。這些數據也能讓維基媒體基金會了解政府或其他各方，針對維基媒體社群成員在平台上的行為（如編輯和閱讀）所採取行動的相對風險。在可能的情況下，我們將兩個分數相加平均，再從100中減去，來得到一個綜合風險評分，其中0表示最不可能，100表示​​最有可能因社群成員在平台上的行為對其採取行動。&lt;ref&gt;如果只有一個分數，我們就使用該分數作為單一評分。&lt;/ref&gt;

根據綜合評分，我們將每個國家或地區分為四類：
* '''0至60——低風險'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而面臨被採取行動的風險較低。只要符合[[Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Data publication guidelines|數據公開指引]]所規定的最低門檻，維基媒體基金會可以公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據。
* '''60至67.5——中風險'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而面臨被採取行動的風險中等。維基媒體基金會只能使用差分隱私來公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據，如此任何數據消費者（在最壞的情況下）對於數據集是否存在數據主體的把握最多提高5%。&lt;ref&gt;相當於數據釋出造成的隱私損失（epsilon值）≤ 0.2。&lt;/ref&gt;
* '''67.5至75——高風險'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而面臨被採取行動的風險較高。維基媒體基金會只能使用差分隱私來公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據，如此任何數據消費者（在最壞的情況下）對於數據集是否存在數據主體的把握最多提高2.5%。&lt;ref&gt;相當於數據釋出造成的隱私損失（epsilon值）≤ 0.1。&lt;/ref&gt;
* '''75至100——不公開'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險極高。出於使用者和編輯者安全的考慮，維基媒體基金會不會公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據。

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
我們的隱私及人權專家會手動將風險類別分配給未充分涵蓋獨立評分的國家及地區。此外，如果獨立評分中未包含重要因素（例如，維基媒體指定的於評分分配完成后產生的因素或發展），他們偶爾可能會手動重新分配國家或地區的評分。在這兩種情况下，相應國家或地區的風險評分都會被手動設置為該類別評分範圍的中點。
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span id=&quot;Country_and_territory_protection_list_designations&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== 受保護國家及地區名單標示 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
2026年，受保護國家及地區名單如下：
&lt;/div&gt;

===中風險===
&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
有9個國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險被評為中等：孟加拉國、不丹、柬埔寨、埃塞俄比亞、洪都拉斯、伊拉克、哈薩克斯坦、老撾和盧旺達。
&lt;/div&gt;

===高風險===
&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
有13個國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險被評為較高：阿塞拜疆、巴林、吉佈提、埃及、尼加拉瓜、巴基斯坦、巴勒斯坦、蘇丹、塔吉克斯坦、土耳其、阿拉伯聯合酋長國、烏茲別克斯坦和也門。
&lt;/div&gt;

===不公開===
&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
有16個國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險被評為極高，因此公開數據的風險太大：阿富汗、白俄羅斯、中國大陸、古巴、厄立特里亞、香港、伊朗、澳門、緬甸、朝鮮、俄羅斯、沙特阿拉伯、敘利亞、土庫曼斯坦、越南和委內瑞拉。
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span id=&quot;All_risk_scores_and_categories&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== 所有風險評分及類別 ==

國家及地區風險評分及類別的完整列表可在維基媒體國家及地區參考資料集裡找到，可通過以下兩種方式獲取：
* 託管在[[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]]上的[[GitLab:repos/movement-insights/canonical-data/-/blob/main/country/countries.tsv|原始碼文檔]]。[[GitLab:repos/movement-insights/canonical-data/-/tree/main/country/README.md|資料字典]]位於同一存儲庫。
* 位於[[wikitech:Data Platform/Data Lake|內部資料湖]]的&lt;code&gt;canonical_data.countries&lt;/code&gt;表格。

== {{int string|1=Notes}} ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Legal documentation{{#translation:}}]]</text>
      <sha1>e4jrz2xi1xh8qi89k2pt1m3vonqd2jm</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>591776</id>
      <parentid>591774</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-11T01:13:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Quaff5353</username>
        <id>341633</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>591776</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6692" sha1="dg7lh3aam2dd1b4ni16tj1r8klzykd6" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages /&gt;
{{Disclaimer for translation}}{{Governance navbox}}
透明度是維基媒體運動的基石，因此我們非常在乎我們釋出哪些數據以及如何釋出數據。根據我們的[[Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Data publication guidelines|數據公開指引]]，我們的目標是提供有關我們的專案的準確資訊，並且社群在為我們的專案做出貢獻時，不必面臨額外的隱私及其他安全風險。

受保護國家及地區名單方針旨在加強維基媒體基金會公開資訊和保護貢獻者個人資訊的能力，同時保證每個人能安全地為我們的線上專案做出貢獻，這符合基金會在其[[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Human Rights Policy|人權方針]]中維護維基媒體人隱私權的承諾。公開高水準、表面看似匿名的精確統計數據，會使貢獻者面臨風險。為此，本次更新的受保護國家及地區名單方針，考慮到了[[{{lwp|Data re-identification}}|差分隱私]]在統計上掩蓋單個貢獻者和貢獻的能力。此更新將在不影響社群安全的情況下，允許更大的靈活性和細微差別，從而使我們能夠釋出更多數據並更好地滿足社群的需求。

&lt;span id=&quot;Process&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== 流程 ==

該名單由維基媒體基金會的[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Global Advocacy|全球倡導團隊]]維護。團隊依靠受人尊敬的國際人權非政府組織的判斷來評估維基媒體使用者面臨的潛在風險。每年，[//rsf.org/en 無國界記者組織]會對數百個國家及地區進行年度評分（基於對政治、經濟、立法、社會和安全因素的審查），以表明每個地方的新聞安全。同樣，[//freedomhouse.org/expanding-freedom-and-democracy 自由之家]每年會對近80個國家及地區的網路自由度進行評分（基於一份調查問卷，評估訪問障礙、內容限制和侵犯使用者權利的情形）。

這些資訊具有高度可信性且動態性，每年由主題專家小組提供更新。依靠這些獨立數據，我們可以不斷迭代自己的模型，並為每個可以存取敏感資料的人提供一套內建的風險最小化準則。這些數據也能讓維基媒體基金會了解政府或其他各方，針對維基媒體社群成員在平台上的行為（如編輯和閱讀）所採取行動的相對風險。在可能的情況下，我們將兩個分數相加平均，再從100中減去，來得到一個綜合風險評分，其中0表示最不可能，100表示​​最有可能因社群成員在平台上的行為對其採取行動。&lt;ref&gt;如果只有一個分數，我們就使用該分數作為單一評分。&lt;/ref&gt;

根據綜合評分，我們將每個國家或地區分為四類：
* '''0至60——低風險'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而面臨被採取行動的風險較低。只要符合[[Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Data publication guidelines|數據公開指引]]所規定的最低門檻，維基媒體基金會可以公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據。
* '''60至67.5——中風險'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而面臨被採取行動的風險中等。維基媒體基金會只能使用差分隱私來公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據，如此任何數據消費者（在最壞的情況下）對於數據集是否存在數據主體的把握最多提高5%。&lt;ref&gt;相當於數據釋出造成的隱私損失（epsilon值）≤ 0.2。&lt;/ref&gt;
* '''67.5至75——高風險'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而面臨被採取行動的風險較高。維基媒體基金會只能使用差分隱私來公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據，如此任何數據消費者（在最壞的情況下）對於數據集是否存在數據主體的把握最多提高2.5%。&lt;ref&gt;相當於數據釋出造成的隱私損失（epsilon值）≤ 0.1。&lt;/ref&gt;
* '''75至100——不公開'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險極高。出於使用者和編輯者安全的考慮，維基媒體基金會不會公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據。

我們的隱私及人權專家會手動將風險類別分配給未充分涵蓋獨立評分的國家及地區。此外，如果獨立評分中未包含重要因素（例如，維基媒體指定的於評分分配完成后產生的因素或發展），他們偶爾可能會手動重新分配國家或地區的評分。在這兩種情况下，相應國家或地區的風險評分都會被手動設置為該類別評分範圍的中點。

&lt;span id=&quot;Country_and_territory_protection_list_designations&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== 受保護國家及地區名單標示 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
2026年，受保護國家及地區名單如下：
&lt;/div&gt;

===中風險===
&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
有9個國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險被評為中等：孟加拉國、不丹、柬埔寨、埃塞俄比亞、洪都拉斯、伊拉克、哈薩克斯坦、老撾和盧旺達。
&lt;/div&gt;

===高風險===
&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
有13個國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險被評為較高：阿塞拜疆、巴林、吉佈提、埃及、尼加拉瓜、巴基斯坦、巴勒斯坦、蘇丹、塔吉克斯坦、土耳其、阿拉伯聯合酋長國、烏茲別克斯坦和也門。
&lt;/div&gt;

===不公開===
&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
有16個國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險被評為極高，因此公開數據的風險太大：阿富汗、白俄羅斯、中國大陸、古巴、厄立特里亞、香港、伊朗、澳門、緬甸、朝鮮、俄羅斯、沙特阿拉伯、敘利亞、土庫曼斯坦、越南和委內瑞拉。
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span id=&quot;All_risk_scores_and_categories&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== 所有風險評分及類別 ==

國家及地區風險評分及類別的完整列表可在維基媒體國家及地區參考資料集裡找到，可通過以下兩種方式獲取：
* 託管在[[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]]上的[[GitLab:repos/movement-insights/canonical-data/-/blob/main/country/countries.tsv|原始碼文檔]]。[[GitLab:repos/movement-insights/canonical-data/-/tree/main/country/README.md|資料字典]]位於同一存儲庫。
* 位於[[wikitech:Data Platform/Data Lake|內部資料湖]]的&lt;code&gt;canonical_data.countries&lt;/code&gt;表格。

== {{int string|1=Notes}} ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Legal documentation{{#translation:}}]]</text>
      <sha1>dg7lh3aam2dd1b4ni16tj1r8klzykd6</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>591778</id>
      <parentid>591776</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-11T01:13:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Quaff5353</username>
        <id>341633</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>591778</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6652" sha1="731sbe4duz23mvpwzb3jayfxblfbkdr" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages /&gt;
{{Disclaimer for translation}}{{Governance navbox}}
透明度是維基媒體運動的基石，因此我們非常在乎我們釋出哪些數據以及如何釋出數據。根據我們的[[Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Data publication guidelines|數據公開指引]]，我們的目標是提供有關我們的專案的準確資訊，並且社群在為我們的專案做出貢獻時，不必面臨額外的隱私及其他安全風險。

受保護國家及地區名單方針旨在加強維基媒體基金會公開資訊和保護貢獻者個人資訊的能力，同時保證每個人能安全地為我們的線上專案做出貢獻，這符合基金會在其[[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Human Rights Policy|人權方針]]中維護維基媒體人隱私權的承諾。公開高水準、表面看似匿名的精確統計數據，會使貢獻者面臨風險。為此，本次更新的受保護國家及地區名單方針，考慮到了[[{{lwp|Data re-identification}}|差分隱私]]在統計上掩蓋單個貢獻者和貢獻的能力。此更新將在不影響社群安全的情況下，允許更大的靈活性和細微差別，從而使我們能夠釋出更多數據並更好地滿足社群的需求。

&lt;span id=&quot;Process&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== 流程 ==

該名單由維基媒體基金會的[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Global Advocacy|全球倡導團隊]]維護。團隊依靠受人尊敬的國際人權非政府組織的判斷來評估維基媒體使用者面臨的潛在風險。每年，[//rsf.org/en 無國界記者組織]會對數百個國家及地區進行年度評分（基於對政治、經濟、立法、社會和安全因素的審查），以表明每個地方的新聞安全。同樣，[//freedomhouse.org/expanding-freedom-and-democracy 自由之家]每年會對近80個國家及地區的網路自由度進行評分（基於一份調查問卷，評估訪問障礙、內容限制和侵犯使用者權利的情形）。

這些資訊具有高度可信性且動態性，每年由主題專家小組提供更新。依靠這些獨立數據，我們可以不斷迭代自己的模型，並為每個可以存取敏感資料的人提供一套內建的風險最小化準則。這些數據也能讓維基媒體基金會了解政府或其他各方，針對維基媒體社群成員在平台上的行為（如編輯和閱讀）所採取行動的相對風險。在可能的情況下，我們將兩個分數相加平均，再從100中減去，來得到一個綜合風險評分，其中0表示最不可能，100表示​​最有可能因社群成員在平台上的行為對其採取行動。&lt;ref&gt;如果只有一個分數，我們就使用該分數作為單一評分。&lt;/ref&gt;

根據綜合評分，我們將每個國家或地區分為四類：
* '''0至60——低風險'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而面臨被採取行動的風險較低。只要符合[[Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Data publication guidelines|數據公開指引]]所規定的最低門檻，維基媒體基金會可以公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據。
* '''60至67.5——中風險'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而面臨被採取行動的風險中等。維基媒體基金會只能使用差分隱私來公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據，如此任何數據消費者（在最壞的情況下）對於數據集是否存在數據主體的把握最多提高5%。&lt;ref&gt;相當於數據釋出造成的隱私損失（epsilon值）≤ 0.2。&lt;/ref&gt;
* '''67.5至75——高風險'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而面臨被採取行動的風險較高。維基媒體基金會只能使用差分隱私來公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據，如此任何數據消費者（在最壞的情況下）對於數據集是否存在數據主體的把握最多提高2.5%。&lt;ref&gt;相當於數據釋出造成的隱私損失（epsilon值）≤ 0.1。&lt;/ref&gt;
* '''75至100——不公開'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險極高。出於使用者和編輯者安全的考慮，維基媒體基金會不會公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據。

我們的隱私及人權專家會手動將風險類別分配給未充分涵蓋獨立評分的國家及地區。此外，如果獨立評分中未包含重要因素（例如，維基媒體指定的於評分分配完成后產生的因素或發展），他們偶爾可能會手動重新分配國家或地區的評分。在這兩種情况下，相應國家或地區的風險評分都會被手動設置為該類別評分範圍的中點。

&lt;span id=&quot;Country_and_territory_protection_list_designations&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== 受保護國家及地區名單標示 ==

2026年，受保護國家及地區名單如下：

===中風險===
&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
有9個國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險被評為中等：孟加拉國、不丹、柬埔寨、埃塞俄比亞、洪都拉斯、伊拉克、哈薩克斯坦、老撾和盧旺達。
&lt;/div&gt;

===高風險===
&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
有13個國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險被評為較高：阿塞拜疆、巴林、吉佈提、埃及、尼加拉瓜、巴基斯坦、巴勒斯坦、蘇丹、塔吉克斯坦、土耳其、阿拉伯聯合酋長國、烏茲別克斯坦和也門。
&lt;/div&gt;

===不公開===
&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
有16個國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險被評為極高，因此公開數據的風險太大：阿富汗、白俄羅斯、中國大陸、古巴、厄立特里亞、香港、伊朗、澳門、緬甸、朝鮮、俄羅斯、沙特阿拉伯、敘利亞、土庫曼斯坦、越南和委內瑞拉。
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span id=&quot;All_risk_scores_and_categories&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== 所有風險評分及類別 ==

國家及地區風險評分及類別的完整列表可在維基媒體國家及地區參考資料集裡找到，可通過以下兩種方式獲取：
* 託管在[[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]]上的[[GitLab:repos/movement-insights/canonical-data/-/blob/main/country/countries.tsv|原始碼文檔]]。[[GitLab:repos/movement-insights/canonical-data/-/tree/main/country/README.md|資料字典]]位於同一存儲庫。
* 位於[[wikitech:Data Platform/Data Lake|內部資料湖]]的&lt;code&gt;canonical_data.countries&lt;/code&gt;表格。

== {{int string|1=Notes}} ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Legal documentation{{#translation:}}]]</text>
      <sha1>731sbe4duz23mvpwzb3jayfxblfbkdr</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>591780</id>
      <parentid>591778</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-11T01:14:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Quaff5353</username>
        <id>341633</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>591780</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6612" sha1="ji4b0k8xp401dqcqsktvu4fw09gvtoe" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages /&gt;
{{Disclaimer for translation}}{{Governance navbox}}
透明度是維基媒體運動的基石，因此我們非常在乎我們釋出哪些數據以及如何釋出數據。根據我們的[[Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Data publication guidelines|數據公開指引]]，我們的目標是提供有關我們的專案的準確資訊，並且社群在為我們的專案做出貢獻時，不必面臨額外的隱私及其他安全風險。

受保護國家及地區名單方針旨在加強維基媒體基金會公開資訊和保護貢獻者個人資訊的能力，同時保證每個人能安全地為我們的線上專案做出貢獻，這符合基金會在其[[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Human Rights Policy|人權方針]]中維護維基媒體人隱私權的承諾。公開高水準、表面看似匿名的精確統計數據，會使貢獻者面臨風險。為此，本次更新的受保護國家及地區名單方針，考慮到了[[{{lwp|Data re-identification}}|差分隱私]]在統計上掩蓋單個貢獻者和貢獻的能力。此更新將在不影響社群安全的情況下，允許更大的靈活性和細微差別，從而使我們能夠釋出更多數據並更好地滿足社群的需求。

&lt;span id=&quot;Process&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== 流程 ==

該名單由維基媒體基金會的[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Global Advocacy|全球倡導團隊]]維護。團隊依靠受人尊敬的國際人權非政府組織的判斷來評估維基媒體使用者面臨的潛在風險。每年，[//rsf.org/en 無國界記者組織]會對數百個國家及地區進行年度評分（基於對政治、經濟、立法、社會和安全因素的審查），以表明每個地方的新聞安全。同樣，[//freedomhouse.org/expanding-freedom-and-democracy 自由之家]每年會對近80個國家及地區的網路自由度進行評分（基於一份調查問卷，評估訪問障礙、內容限制和侵犯使用者權利的情形）。

這些資訊具有高度可信性且動態性，每年由主題專家小組提供更新。依靠這些獨立數據，我們可以不斷迭代自己的模型，並為每個可以存取敏感資料的人提供一套內建的風險最小化準則。這些數據也能讓維基媒體基金會了解政府或其他各方，針對維基媒體社群成員在平台上的行為（如編輯和閱讀）所採取行動的相對風險。在可能的情況下，我們將兩個分數相加平均，再從100中減去，來得到一個綜合風險評分，其中0表示最不可能，100表示​​最有可能因社群成員在平台上的行為對其採取行動。&lt;ref&gt;如果只有一個分數，我們就使用該分數作為單一評分。&lt;/ref&gt;

根據綜合評分，我們將每個國家或地區分為四類：
* '''0至60——低風險'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而面臨被採取行動的風險較低。只要符合[[Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Data publication guidelines|數據公開指引]]所規定的最低門檻，維基媒體基金會可以公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據。
* '''60至67.5——中風險'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而面臨被採取行動的風險中等。維基媒體基金會只能使用差分隱私來公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據，如此任何數據消費者（在最壞的情況下）對於數據集是否存在數據主體的把握最多提高5%。&lt;ref&gt;相當於數據釋出造成的隱私損失（epsilon值）≤ 0.2。&lt;/ref&gt;
* '''67.5至75——高風險'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而面臨被採取行動的風險較高。維基媒體基金會只能使用差分隱私來公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據，如此任何數據消費者（在最壞的情況下）對於數據集是否存在數據主體的把握最多提高2.5%。&lt;ref&gt;相當於數據釋出造成的隱私損失（epsilon值）≤ 0.1。&lt;/ref&gt;
* '''75至100——不公開'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險極高。出於使用者和編輯者安全的考慮，維基媒體基金會不會公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據。

我們的隱私及人權專家會手動將風險類別分配給未充分涵蓋獨立評分的國家及地區。此外，如果獨立評分中未包含重要因素（例如，維基媒體指定的於評分分配完成后產生的因素或發展），他們偶爾可能會手動重新分配國家或地區的評分。在這兩種情况下，相應國家或地區的風險評分都會被手動設置為該類別評分範圍的中點。

&lt;span id=&quot;Country_and_territory_protection_list_designations&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== 受保護國家及地區名單標示 ==

2026年，受保護國家及地區名單如下：

===中風險===
有9個國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險被評為中等：孟加拉國、不丹、柬埔寨、埃塞俄比亞、洪都拉斯、伊拉克、哈薩克斯坦、老撾和盧旺達。

===高風險===
&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
有13個國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險被評為較高：阿塞拜疆、巴林、吉佈提、埃及、尼加拉瓜、巴基斯坦、巴勒斯坦、蘇丹、塔吉克斯坦、土耳其、阿拉伯聯合酋長國、烏茲別克斯坦和也門。
&lt;/div&gt;

===不公開===
&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
有16個國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險被評為極高，因此公開數據的風險太大：阿富汗、白俄羅斯、中國大陸、古巴、厄立特里亞、香港、伊朗、澳門、緬甸、朝鮮、俄羅斯、沙特阿拉伯、敘利亞、土庫曼斯坦、越南和委內瑞拉。
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span id=&quot;All_risk_scores_and_categories&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== 所有風險評分及類別 ==

國家及地區風險評分及類別的完整列表可在維基媒體國家及地區參考資料集裡找到，可通過以下兩種方式獲取：
* 託管在[[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]]上的[[GitLab:repos/movement-insights/canonical-data/-/blob/main/country/countries.tsv|原始碼文檔]]。[[GitLab:repos/movement-insights/canonical-data/-/tree/main/country/README.md|資料字典]]位於同一存儲庫。
* 位於[[wikitech:Data Platform/Data Lake|內部資料湖]]的&lt;code&gt;canonical_data.countries&lt;/code&gt;表格。

== {{int string|1=Notes}} ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Legal documentation{{#translation:}}]]</text>
      <sha1>ji4b0k8xp401dqcqsktvu4fw09gvtoe</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>591782</id>
      <parentid>591780</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-11T01:14:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Quaff5353</username>
        <id>341633</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>591782</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6572" sha1="l6cf76ak1hiuf5bxxb7xcqoaixbd9p8" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages /&gt;
{{Disclaimer for translation}}{{Governance navbox}}
透明度是維基媒體運動的基石，因此我們非常在乎我們釋出哪些數據以及如何釋出數據。根據我們的[[Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Data publication guidelines|數據公開指引]]，我們的目標是提供有關我們的專案的準確資訊，並且社群在為我們的專案做出貢獻時，不必面臨額外的隱私及其他安全風險。

受保護國家及地區名單方針旨在加強維基媒體基金會公開資訊和保護貢獻者個人資訊的能力，同時保證每個人能安全地為我們的線上專案做出貢獻，這符合基金會在其[[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Human Rights Policy|人權方針]]中維護維基媒體人隱私權的承諾。公開高水準、表面看似匿名的精確統計數據，會使貢獻者面臨風險。為此，本次更新的受保護國家及地區名單方針，考慮到了[[{{lwp|Data re-identification}}|差分隱私]]在統計上掩蓋單個貢獻者和貢獻的能力。此更新將在不影響社群安全的情況下，允許更大的靈活性和細微差別，從而使我們能夠釋出更多數據並更好地滿足社群的需求。

&lt;span id=&quot;Process&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== 流程 ==

該名單由維基媒體基金會的[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Global Advocacy|全球倡導團隊]]維護。團隊依靠受人尊敬的國際人權非政府組織的判斷來評估維基媒體使用者面臨的潛在風險。每年，[//rsf.org/en 無國界記者組織]會對數百個國家及地區進行年度評分（基於對政治、經濟、立法、社會和安全因素的審查），以表明每個地方的新聞安全。同樣，[//freedomhouse.org/expanding-freedom-and-democracy 自由之家]每年會對近80個國家及地區的網路自由度進行評分（基於一份調查問卷，評估訪問障礙、內容限制和侵犯使用者權利的情形）。

這些資訊具有高度可信性且動態性，每年由主題專家小組提供更新。依靠這些獨立數據，我們可以不斷迭代自己的模型，並為每個可以存取敏感資料的人提供一套內建的風險最小化準則。這些數據也能讓維基媒體基金會了解政府或其他各方，針對維基媒體社群成員在平台上的行為（如編輯和閱讀）所採取行動的相對風險。在可能的情況下，我們將兩個分數相加平均，再從100中減去，來得到一個綜合風險評分，其中0表示最不可能，100表示​​最有可能因社群成員在平台上的行為對其採取行動。&lt;ref&gt;如果只有一個分數，我們就使用該分數作為單一評分。&lt;/ref&gt;

根據綜合評分，我們將每個國家或地區分為四類：
* '''0至60——低風險'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而面臨被採取行動的風險較低。只要符合[[Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Data publication guidelines|數據公開指引]]所規定的最低門檻，維基媒體基金會可以公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據。
* '''60至67.5——中風險'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而面臨被採取行動的風險中等。維基媒體基金會只能使用差分隱私來公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據，如此任何數據消費者（在最壞的情況下）對於數據集是否存在數據主體的把握最多提高5%。&lt;ref&gt;相當於數據釋出造成的隱私損失（epsilon值）≤ 0.2。&lt;/ref&gt;
* '''67.5至75——高風險'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而面臨被採取行動的風險較高。維基媒體基金會只能使用差分隱私來公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據，如此任何數據消費者（在最壞的情況下）對於數據集是否存在數據主體的把握最多提高2.5%。&lt;ref&gt;相當於數據釋出造成的隱私損失（epsilon值）≤ 0.1。&lt;/ref&gt;
* '''75至100——不公開'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險極高。出於使用者和編輯者安全的考慮，維基媒體基金會不會公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據。

我們的隱私及人權專家會手動將風險類別分配給未充分涵蓋獨立評分的國家及地區。此外，如果獨立評分中未包含重要因素（例如，維基媒體指定的於評分分配完成后產生的因素或發展），他們偶爾可能會手動重新分配國家或地區的評分。在這兩種情况下，相應國家或地區的風險評分都會被手動設置為該類別評分範圍的中點。

&lt;span id=&quot;Country_and_territory_protection_list_designations&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== 受保護國家及地區名單標示 ==

2026年，受保護國家及地區名單如下：

===中風險===
有9個國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險被評為中等：孟加拉國、不丹、柬埔寨、埃塞俄比亞、洪都拉斯、伊拉克、哈薩克斯坦、老撾和盧旺達。

===高風險===
有13個國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險被評為較高：阿塞拜疆、巴林、吉佈提、埃及、尼加拉瓜、巴基斯坦、巴勒斯坦、蘇丹、塔吉克斯坦、土耳其、阿拉伯聯合酋長國、烏茲別克斯坦和也門。

===不公開===
&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
有16個國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險被評為極高，因此公開數據的風險太大：阿富汗、白俄羅斯、中國大陸、古巴、厄立特里亞、香港、伊朗、澳門、緬甸、朝鮮、俄羅斯、沙特阿拉伯、敘利亞、土庫曼斯坦、越南和委內瑞拉。
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span id=&quot;All_risk_scores_and_categories&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== 所有風險評分及類別 ==

國家及地區風險評分及類別的完整列表可在維基媒體國家及地區參考資料集裡找到，可通過以下兩種方式獲取：
* 託管在[[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]]上的[[GitLab:repos/movement-insights/canonical-data/-/blob/main/country/countries.tsv|原始碼文檔]]。[[GitLab:repos/movement-insights/canonical-data/-/tree/main/country/README.md|資料字典]]位於同一存儲庫。
* 位於[[wikitech:Data Platform/Data Lake|內部資料湖]]的&lt;code&gt;canonical_data.countries&lt;/code&gt;表格。

== {{int string|1=Notes}} ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Legal documentation{{#translation:}}]]</text>
      <sha1>l6cf76ak1hiuf5bxxb7xcqoaixbd9p8</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>591784</id>
      <parentid>591782</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-11T01:15:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Quaff5353</username>
        <id>341633</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>591784</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6532" sha1="ipcmb1x1ysccftdyikkdkgndg574w9x" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages /&gt;
{{Disclaimer for translation}}{{Governance navbox}}
透明度是維基媒體運動的基石，因此我們非常在乎我們釋出哪些數據以及如何釋出數據。根據我們的[[Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Data publication guidelines|數據公開指引]]，我們的目標是提供有關我們的專案的準確資訊，並且社群在為我們的專案做出貢獻時，不必面臨額外的隱私及其他安全風險。

受保護國家及地區名單方針旨在加強維基媒體基金會公開資訊和保護貢獻者個人資訊的能力，同時保證每個人能安全地為我們的線上專案做出貢獻，這符合基金會在其[[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Human Rights Policy|人權方針]]中維護維基媒體人隱私權的承諾。公開高水準、表面看似匿名的精確統計數據，會使貢獻者面臨風險。為此，本次更新的受保護國家及地區名單方針，考慮到了[[{{lwp|Data re-identification}}|差分隱私]]在統計上掩蓋單個貢獻者和貢獻的能力。此更新將在不影響社群安全的情況下，允許更大的靈活性和細微差別，從而使我們能夠釋出更多數據並更好地滿足社群的需求。

&lt;span id=&quot;Process&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== 流程 ==

該名單由維基媒體基金會的[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Global Advocacy|全球倡導團隊]]維護。團隊依靠受人尊敬的國際人權非政府組織的判斷來評估維基媒體使用者面臨的潛在風險。每年，[//rsf.org/en 無國界記者組織]會對數百個國家及地區進行年度評分（基於對政治、經濟、立法、社會和安全因素的審查），以表明每個地方的新聞安全。同樣，[//freedomhouse.org/expanding-freedom-and-democracy 自由之家]每年會對近80個國家及地區的網路自由度進行評分（基於一份調查問卷，評估訪問障礙、內容限制和侵犯使用者權利的情形）。

這些資訊具有高度可信性且動態性，每年由主題專家小組提供更新。依靠這些獨立數據，我們可以不斷迭代自己的模型，並為每個可以存取敏感資料的人提供一套內建的風險最小化準則。這些數據也能讓維基媒體基金會了解政府或其他各方，針對維基媒體社群成員在平台上的行為（如編輯和閱讀）所採取行動的相對風險。在可能的情況下，我們將兩個分數相加平均，再從100中減去，來得到一個綜合風險評分，其中0表示最不可能，100表示​​最有可能因社群成員在平台上的行為對其採取行動。&lt;ref&gt;如果只有一個分數，我們就使用該分數作為單一評分。&lt;/ref&gt;

根據綜合評分，我們將每個國家或地區分為四類：
* '''0至60——低風險'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而面臨被採取行動的風險較低。只要符合[[Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Data publication guidelines|數據公開指引]]所規定的最低門檻，維基媒體基金會可以公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據。
* '''60至67.5——中風險'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而面臨被採取行動的風險中等。維基媒體基金會只能使用差分隱私來公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據，如此任何數據消費者（在最壞的情況下）對於數據集是否存在數據主體的把握最多提高5%。&lt;ref&gt;相當於數據釋出造成的隱私損失（epsilon值）≤ 0.2。&lt;/ref&gt;
* '''67.5至75——高風險'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而面臨被採取行動的風險較高。維基媒體基金會只能使用差分隱私來公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據，如此任何數據消費者（在最壞的情況下）對於數據集是否存在數據主體的把握最多提高2.5%。&lt;ref&gt;相當於數據釋出造成的隱私損失（epsilon值）≤ 0.1。&lt;/ref&gt;
* '''75至100——不公開'''：這些國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險極高。出於使用者和編輯者安全的考慮，維基媒體基金會不會公開這些國家及地區的聚合數據。

我們的隱私及人權專家會手動將風險類別分配給未充分涵蓋獨立評分的國家及地區。此外，如果獨立評分中未包含重要因素（例如，維基媒體指定的於評分分配完成后產生的因素或發展），他們偶爾可能會手動重新分配國家或地區的評分。在這兩種情况下，相應國家或地區的風險評分都會被手動設置為該類別評分範圍的中點。

&lt;span id=&quot;Country_and_territory_protection_list_designations&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== 受保護國家及地區名單標示 ==

2026年，受保護國家及地區名單如下：

===中風險===
有9個國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險被評為中等：孟加拉國、不丹、柬埔寨、埃塞俄比亞、洪都拉斯、伊拉克、哈薩克斯坦、老撾和盧旺達。

===高風險===
有13個國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險被評為較高：阿塞拜疆、巴林、吉佈提、埃及、尼加拉瓜、巴基斯坦、巴勒斯坦、蘇丹、塔吉克斯坦、土耳其、阿拉伯聯合酋長國、烏茲別克斯坦和也門。

===不公開===
有16個國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險被評為極高，因此公開數據的風險太大：阿富汗、白俄羅斯、中國大陸、古巴、厄立特里亞、香港、伊朗、澳門、緬甸、朝鮮、俄羅斯、沙特阿拉伯、敘利亞、土庫曼斯坦、越南和委內瑞拉。

&lt;span id=&quot;All_risk_scores_and_categories&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== 所有風險評分及類別 ==

國家及地區風險評分及類別的完整列表可在維基媒體國家及地區參考資料集裡找到，可通過以下兩種方式獲取：
* 託管在[[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]]上的[[GitLab:repos/movement-insights/canonical-data/-/blob/main/country/countries.tsv|原始碼文檔]]。[[GitLab:repos/movement-insights/canonical-data/-/tree/main/country/README.md|資料字典]]位於同一存儲庫。
* 位於[[wikitech:Data Platform/Data Lake|內部資料湖]]的&lt;code&gt;canonical_data.countries&lt;/code&gt;表格。

== {{int string|1=Notes}} ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Legal documentation{{#translation:}}]]</text>
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      <text bytes="49" sha1="jscxg1be4cywlomclqdfpzxwkkgjclz" xml:space="preserve">2026年，受保護國家及地區名單如下：</text>
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      <text bytes="244" sha1="l0jmft9lu96cn1frdpiw6hc64xbnhg6" xml:space="preserve">有9個國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險被評為中等：孟加拉國、不丹、柬埔寨、埃塞俄比亞、洪都拉斯、伊拉克、哈薩克斯坦、老撾和盧旺達。</text>
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      <text bytes="311" sha1="2rasei9gyyj2s416j25ghbkucs8a9oi" xml:space="preserve">有13個國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險被評為較高：阿塞拜疆、巴林、吉佈提、埃及、尼加拉瓜、巴基斯坦、巴勒斯坦、蘇丹、塔吉克斯坦、土耳其、阿拉伯聯合酋長國、烏茲別克斯坦和也門。</text>
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      <text bytes="359" sha1="hgdferypzoarsz3l8hkost3sfp32drk" xml:space="preserve">有16個國家及地區的維基媒體社群成員，因其在平台上的活動而被採取行動的風險被評為極高，因此公開數據的風險太大：阿富汗、白俄羅斯、中國大陸、古巴、厄立特里亞、香港、伊朗、澳門、緬甸、朝鮮、俄羅斯、沙特阿拉伯、敘利亞、土庫曼斯坦、越南和委內瑞拉。</text>
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== Wrong number in the list ==
{{Edit request|answered=no}}
The number of 'Medium risk' countries and territories are nine.There are Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, Ethiopia, Honduras, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Laos, and Rwanda, not eight.[[User:Quaff5353|Quaff5353]] ([[User talk:Quaff5353|talk]]) 01:21, 11 August 2026 (UTC)
== Concerns of uncritically using the Freedom House Index ==

Hi, I'm very concerned that the Freedom House &quot;Internet Freedom Score&quot; is being misused here. This index can't uncritically be used as a proxy for 'risk to editors', and it has a number of components that would be simply irrelevant to assessing risks in releasing data. For example, factors in the index include:

* Do infrastructural limitations restrict access to the internet or the speed and quality of internet connections? (6 points)
* Is access to the internet prohibitively expensive or beyond the reach of certain segments of the population for geographical, social, or other reasons? (3 points)
* Are there legal, regulatory, or economic obstacles that restrict the diversity of service providers? (6 points)
* Does the online information landscape lack diversity and reliability? (4 points)
* Are websites, governmental and private entities, service providers, or individual users subject to widespread hacking and other forms of cyberattack? (3 points)

The measures I've listed, among others, are not useful proxies for the 'level of risk' posed to an editor and should be excluded from consideration. In particular, I'm concerned that using measures that essentially serve as proxies for wealth (cost of internet, density/strength of internet infrastructure, etc.) will mean that WMF-published data will be replicating existing inequalities in digital data representation. [[User:Freedom4U|Freedom4U]] ([[User talk:Freedom4U|talk]]) 15:11, 1 November 2024 (UTC) &lt;small&gt;(Pinging @[[User:EMagallanes_(WMF)|EMagallanes_(WMF)]] [[User:Freedom4U|Freedom4U]] ([[User talk:Freedom4U|talk]]) 15:36, 1 November 2024 (UTC))&lt;/small&gt;

:Similarly, for the RSF index, the indices for 'Legal framework' and 'Safety' seem relevant, while the indices for 'Media landscape' (how pluralistic the media landscape is, how easy it is to open a news organization), 'Political context' (attitudes towards journalists in politics and from politicians, interference in the affairs of news organizations), 'Economic context' (the general economic health of news organizations, availability of funding for news organizations), and 'Sociocultural context' (cultural views on journalists, taboos and self-censorship) seem less important or irrelevant. [[User:Freedom4U|Freedom4U]] ([[User talk:Freedom4U|talk]]) 15:22, 1 November 2024 (UTC)

== Clarify ownership ==

{{Edit request|answered=yes}}

An internal Wikimedia Foundation discussion has determined that the [[meta:Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Global Advocacy|Global Advocacy team]] is in charge of updating the list (there is a little bit of detail in [[phab:T381944]]).

Please change the beginning of the &quot;process&quot; section from &quot;The Wikimedia Foundation relies on the judgments of respected international human rights NGOs to assess potential risk to Wikimedia users.&quot; to &quot;The list is maintained by the [[meta:Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Global Advocacy|Global Advocacy team]] of the Wikimedia Foundation. The team relies on the judgments of respected international human rights NGOs to assess potential risk to Wikimedia users.&quot;

This will be primarily useful to folks within the Foundation, but is tangentially useful and not overwhelming for folks outside. [[User:Neil Shah-Quinn (WMF)|Neil Shah-Quinn (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Neil Shah-Quinn (WMF)|talk]]) 18:15, 19 May 2025 (UTC)
:{{done}} Thanks for clear details! [[User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Quiddity (WMF)|talk]]) 22:21, 19 May 2025 (UTC)

== Split translation unit ==

{{Edit request|ans=yes}}
Please split T:37 by inserting an empty line after the section header. Thanks, --[[User:Ameisenigel|Ameisenigel]] ([[User talk:Ameisenigel|talk]]) 18:07, 8 February 2026 (UTC)
: {{Done}} - Thanks for the note. [[User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Quiddity (WMF)|talk]]) 20:41, 9 February 2026 (UTC)</text>
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      <text bytes="577" sha1="gpnx6pzlbmm4soyqneh988039034oqt" xml:space="preserve">該名單由維基媒體基金會的[[$0|全球倡導團隊]]維護。團隊依靠受人尊敬的國際人權非政府組織的判斷來評估維基媒體使用者面臨的潛在風險。每年，[$1 無國界記者組織]會對數百個國家及地區進行年度評分（基於對政治、經濟、立法、社會和安全因素的審查），以表明每個地方的新聞安全。同樣，[$2 自由之家]每年會對近80個國家及地區的網路自由度進行評分（基於一份調查問卷，評估訪問障礙、內容限制和侵犯使用者權利的情形）。</text>
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      <text bytes="432" sha1="shvoa15jau2wjpbq1uect8xv7c33f61" xml:space="preserve">我們的隱私及人權專家會手動將風險類別分配給未充分涵蓋獨立評分的國家及地區。此外，如果獨立評分中未包含重要因素（例如，維基媒體指定的於評分分配完成后產生的因素或發展），他們偶爾可能會手動重新分配國家或地區的評分。在這兩種情况下，相應國家或地區的風險評分都會被手動設置為該類別評分範圍的中點。</text>
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{{Documentation files}}

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      <text bytes="58248" sha1="ge78llqdqeywufjce1urnxcoi2w1m3x" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;languages /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;{{#if:{{#translation:}}||{{DISPLAYTITLE:Wikimedia Foundation Terms of Use}}}}{{Help translate/Terms of Use}}
{{Policy-board|nosidebar=true}}
{{Policy:Terms of Use/Summary}}
{{Anchor|introduction}}{{shortcut|[[ToU]]}}
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 150%;&quot;&gt;Afan oromo&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''''Imagine a world in which every single human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. That's our commitment.'''''&lt;/span&gt; – [[{{foundationsite|1=about/vision}}|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Our Vision Statement&lt;/span&gt;]]

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Welcome to Wikimedia! The Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. (&quot;we&quot; or &quot;us&quot; or &quot;Foundation&quot;), is a non-profit charitable organization, headquartered in San Francisco, California, United States, [[{{foundationsite|1=about/mission}}|whose mission]] is to empower and engage people around the world to collect and develop content [[{{lwp|Free content}}|under a free license]] or in the public domain, and to disseminate it effectively and globally, free of charge.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
To support our vibrant community, we provide the essential infrastructure and organizational framework for the development of multilingual wiki projects and their editions (as explained on our [[{{foundationsite|1=our-work/wikimedia-projects}}|Wikimedia Projects page]]) (hereby referred to as &quot;Projects&quot;) and other endeavors which serve this mission. We strive to make and keep educational and informational content from the Projects available on the internet free of charge, in perpetuity.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
We welcome you (&quot;you&quot; or the &quot;user&quot;) as a reader, or contributor of the Projects, and we encourage you to join the Wikimedia community. Before you participate, however, we ask that you please read and agree to the following Terms of Use (&quot;Terms of Use&quot;).
&lt;/div&gt;
== {{int string|Overview}} ==
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
These Terms of Use tell you about our public services at the Wikimedia Foundation, our relationship to you as a user, and the rights and responsibilities that guide us both. We host an incredible quantity of educational and informational content, all of which is contributed and made possible by users like yourself. Generally we do not contribute, monitor, or delete content (with rare exceptions, such as under policies like these Terms of Use, for legal compliance, or when faced with urgent threats of serious harm). This means that editorial control is in the hands of you and your fellow users who create and manage the content.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The community – the network of users who are constantly building and using the Projects and/or their websites (hereby referred to as &quot;Project Websites&quot;) – is the principal means through which the goals of the mission are achieved. The community contributes to and helps govern our Projects and Project Websites. The community also undertakes the critical function of creating and enforcing policies for the specific Project editions (such as the different language editions for the Wikipedia Project or the Wikimedia Commons multilingual edition).
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
You, the user, are welcome to join as a contributor, editor, or author, but you should follow the policies that govern each of the independent Project editions, including the [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC), which apply to all Project editions. The largest of our Projects is Wikipedia, but we host other Projects too, each with different objectives and work methods. Each Project edition has a team of contributors, editors or authors who work together to create and manage the content on that Project edition. You are welcome to join these teams and work with them to improve these Projects. Since we are dedicated to making content freely accessible to the public, content you contribute is made available under a free license or released in the public domain.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Please be aware that you are legally responsible for all of your contributions, edits, and reuse of Wikimedia content under the laws of the United States of America and other applicable laws (which may include laws where you or the subject of your contributions are located). This means it is important that you exercise caution when posting, modifying or reusing content. In light of this responsibility, we have some rules about what you cannot do, most of which are either for your own protection or for the protection of other users like yourself. Please keep in mind that the content we host is for general informational purposes only, so if you need expert advice for a particular question (such as medical, legal, or financial issues), you should seek the help of an appropriate professional. We also include other important notices and disclaimers, so please read these Terms of Use in their entirety.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
For clarity, other organizations, such as [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia chapters|local Wikimedia chapters]] and associations, that may share in the same mission are nevertheless legally independent and separate from the Wikimedia Foundation. Unless otherwise stated by the Foundation as an authorized party on a given Project's Website, those other organizations have no responsibility for the operations of the Project's Website or its content.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|1}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 1. Our Services ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The Wikimedia Foundation is dedicated to encouraging the growth, development, and distribution of free multilingual content, and to hosting the full content of these wiki-based Projects for the public free of charge. Our role is to host some of the largest collaboratively edited reference Projects in the world, [//www.wikimedia.org which can be found here]. However, we act only as a hosting service provider, maintaining the infrastructure and organizational framework. This infrastructure and framework allow our users to build the Projects by contributing and editing content themselves. They also allow our users to reuse that content. The infrastructure we maintain includes specialized technological infrastructure that enables users to programmatically interact with and reuse content on Projects (referred to as &quot;Application Programming Interface&quot; or &quot;APIs&quot;), and mobile applications.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
As used throughout the rest of the Terms of Use, our services consist of: [//www.wikimedia.org The Project Websites we host], technological infrastructure that we maintain, and any technical spaces that we host for the maintenance and improvement of our Projects.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Because of our unique role, there are a couple of things you should be aware of when considering our relationship to you, the Projects, and other users:
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;ol STYLE=&quot;list-style-type: lower-alpha&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''We do not take an editorial role:''' Because the Projects are collaboratively edited, the vast majority of the content that we host is provided by users, and we do not take an editorial role. This means that we generally do not monitor or edit the content of the Project Websites, and we do not take any responsibility for this content. Similarly, unless we have expressly stated otherwise, we do not endorse any opinions expressed via our services, and we do not represent or guarantee the truthfulness, accuracy, or reliability of any submitted community content on the Projects.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''You are responsible for your own actions:''' You are legally responsible for your edits and contributions on the Projects, your reuse of content on the Projects, your use of the APIs, and your use of our services more generally. For your own protection you should exercise caution and avoid taking any actions that may result in criminal or civil liability under any applicable laws. For clarity, applicable law includes at least the laws of the United States of America and the State of California. For other countries, this is determined on a case-by-case basis. Although we may not agree with such actions, we warn users—particularly the editors, contributors, and authors—that non-U.S. authorities may seek to apply other country laws to you, including local laws where you live or where you view or edit content. We generally cannot offer any protection, guarantee, immunity or indemnification against the application of such laws.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;

{{anchor|2}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 2. Privacy Policy ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
We ask that you review the [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy|terms of our Privacy Policy]], so that you are aware of how we collect and use your information.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|3}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 3. Content We Host ==
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;OL STYLE=&quot;list-style-type: lower-alpha&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''You may find some material objectionable or erroneous:''' Because we host a wide array of content that is produced or gathered by fellow users, you may encounter material that you find offensive, erroneous, misleading, mislabeled, or otherwise objectionable. We therefore ask that you use common sense and proper judgment when using our services.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''The Projects' content is for general informational purposes only:''' Although our Projects host a great deal of information that pertains to professional topics, including medical, legal, or financial issues, this content is presented for general informational purposes only. It should not be taken as professional advice. Please seek independent professional counseling from someone who is licensed or qualified in the applicable area in lieu of acting on any information, opinion, or advice contained in one of the Project Websites.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/OL&gt;

{{anchor|4}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 4. Refraining from Certain Activities ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The Projects hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation only exist because of the vibrant community of users like you who collaborate to write, edit, and curate the content. We happily welcome your participation in this community. We encourage you to be civil and polite in your interactions with others in the community, to act in good faith, and to make edits and contributions aimed at furthering the mission of the shared Project. We ask that all users review and follow the [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (&quot;UCoC&quot;), which lays out requirements for collegial, civil collaboration across all Projects that we host.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Certain activities, whether legal or illegal under the applicable law, may be harmful to other users and violate our rules, and some activities may also subject you to liability. Therefore, for your own protection and for that of other users, you may not engage in such activities on, or otherwise using, our Projects. These activities include:
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
: '''Harassing and Abusing Others'''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* Engaging in threats, stalking, spamming, vandalism, or harassment as described in the UCoC;
::* Transmitting chain mail, junk mail, or spam to other users;
::* Posting or modifying content with the intention to seriously harm others, such as deliberate inducements to self-harm, or deliberate triggering of epilepsy.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
: '''Violating the Privacy of Others'''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* Infringing the privacy rights of others under applicable laws (which may include the laws where you live or where you view or edit content);
::* Soliciting personally identifiable information for the purposes of harassment, exploitation, or violation of privacy, or for any promotional or commercial purpose not explicitly approved by the Wikimedia Foundation; and
::* Soliciting personally identifiable information from anyone under the age of 18 years, or under the age of majority where you are if higher than 18 years, for an illegal purpose or violating any applicable law regarding the health or well-being of minors.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
: '''Engaging in False Statements, Impersonation, or Fraud'''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* Intentionally or knowingly posting content that constitutes libel or defamation under the laws of the United States of America;
::* Posting or modifying content with the intent to deceive or mislead others;
::* Attempting to impersonate another user or individual, misrepresenting your affiliation with any individual or entity, hiding your affiliation with any individual or entity when disclosure is required by these terms or local Project policy, or using the name or username of another person with the intent to deceive; and
::* Engaging in fraud.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
: '''Committing Infringement of Intellectual Property Rights'''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* Infringing copyrights, trademarks, patents, or other proprietary rights under the applicable law.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
: '''Misusing Our Services for Other Illegal Purposes'''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* Posting child pornography or any other content that violates applicable law concerning child pornography or child sexual abuse material, or encouraging, grooming, or advocating for others to create or share such material;
::* Posting or trafficking in obscene material that is unlawful under applicable law; and
::* Using the services in a manner that is inconsistent with applicable law.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
: '''Engaging in Disruptive and Illegal Misuse of Facilities'''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* Posting or distributing content that contains any viruses, malware, worms, Trojan horses, malicious code, or other device that could harm our technical infrastructure or system or that of other users;
::* Engaging in automated uses of the Project Websites that are abusive or disruptive of the services, violate acceptable usage policies where available, or have not been approved by the Wikimedia community;
::* Disrupting the services by placing an undue burden on an API, Project Website or the networks or servers connected with a particular Project Website;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* Disrupting the services by inundating any of the Project Websites with communications or other traffic that suggests no serious intent to use the Project website for its stated purpose;
::* Knowingly accessing, tampering with, or using any of our non-public areas in our computer systems without authorization; and
::* Probing, scanning, or testing the vulnerability of any of our technical systems or networks unless all the following conditions are met:
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
:::* such actions do not unduly abuse or disrupt our technical systems or networks;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
:::* such actions are not for personal gain (except for credit for your work);
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
:::* you report any vulnerabilities to the relevant developers (or fix it yourself); and
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
:::* you do not undertake such actions with malicious or destructive intent.
&lt;/div&gt;
{{anchor|paid-contrib-disclosure}}{{anchor|paid contributions}}{{anchor|PAID}}{{Shortcut|1=[[PAID]]}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
: '''Paid Contributions Without Disclosure'''
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* You must disclose each and any employer, client, intended beneficiary and affiliation with respect to any contribution for which you receive, or expect to receive, compensation. You must make that disclosure in at least one of the following ways:
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
:::* a statement on your user page,
:::* a statement on the talk page accompanying any paid contributions, or
:::* a statement in the edit summary accompanying any paid contributions.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* In addition, if you make a public posting off the Projects advertising editing services on Wikipedia in exchange for compensation of any kind, you must disclose all Wikipedia accounts you have used or will use for this service in the public posting on the third-party service.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* Applicable law, or Project-specific policies and Foundation policies and guidelines, such as those addressing conflicts of interest, may further limit paid contributions or require more detailed disclosure. For example, infringing Wikimedia Trademarks (defined hereinafter at Section 6) to advertise paid editing services, removing disclosures on previously adequately disclosed paid edits, or logged-out paid editing in a manner that makes adequate disclosure a practical impossibility violate this section.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* A Wikimedia Project community may adopt an alternative paid contribution disclosure policy which may supplement or replace this section. If a Project adopts an alternative disclosure policy, you may comply with that policy instead of the requirements in this section (titled &quot;Paid Contributions Without Disclosure&quot;) when contributing to that particular Project.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
:: For more information, please read our [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use/Frequently asked questions on paid contributions without disclosure|FAQ on disclosure of paid contributions]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Undisclosed editing by users receiving compensation creates an unreasonable burden on volunteer editors [[{{lwp|Wikipedia:Conflict of interest}}|who investigate and enforce community policies]]. Therefore, for violations of this section related to undisclosed paid editing, you agree to submit to binding &quot;Med-Arb&quot; (a &quot;Marketing Company Mediation&quot;) as described in section 14 of these Terms of Use.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
We reserve the right to exercise our enforcement discretion with respect to the provisions in section 4 of these Terms of Use. Where required, enforcement of these terms may include actions not listed in the Wikimedia Foundation [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Office actions|Office Action Policy]]. If enforcement is required in new circumstances, we will make an effort within at most one (1) year to update the Office Action Policy to catalog the new type of action.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|5}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 5. Password Security ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
You are responsible for safeguarding your own password and other security credentials, and should never disclose them to any third party.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|6}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 6. Trademarks ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Although you have considerable freedoms for reuse of the content on the Project Websites, it is important that, at the Wikimedia Foundation, we protect our trademark rights so that we can protect our users from fraudulent impersonators. Because of this, we ask that you please respect our trademarks. All Wikimedia Foundation trademarks belong to the Wikimedia Foundation, and any use of our trade names, trademarks, service marks, logos, or domain names must be in compliance with these Terms of Use and in compliance with our [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Trademark policy|Trademark Policy]].
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|7}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 7. Licensing of Content ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
To grow the commons of free knowledge and free culture, all users contributing to the Projects or Project Websites are required to grant broad permissions to the general public to redistribute and reuse their contributions freely, so long as that use is properly attributed and the same freedom to reuse and redistribute is granted to any derivative works. In keeping with our goal of providing free information to the widest possible audience, we require that when necessary all submitted content be licensed so that it is freely reusable by anyone who may access it.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
You agree to the following licensing requirements:
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;OL STYLE=&quot;list-style-type: lower-alpha&quot;&gt;&lt;LI&gt;&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
'''Text to which you hold the copyright:''' When you submit text to which you hold the copyright, you agree to license it under:
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
* [//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.{{PAGELANGUAGE}} Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License] (&quot;CC BY-SA 4.0&quot;), and
* [//www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html GNU Free Documentation License] (&quot;GFDL&quot;) (unversioned, with no invariant sections, front-cover texts, or back-cover texts).
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Reusers may comply with either license or both.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The only exception is if the Project edition or feature requires a different license. In that case, you agree to license any text you contribute under the particular license prescribed by the Project edition or the feature.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Please note that these licenses do allow commercial uses of your contributions, as long as such uses are compliant with the terms of the respective licenses. Where you own Sui Generis Database Rights covered by CC BY-SA 4.0, you waive these rights. As an example, this means facts you contribute to the projects may be reused freely without attribution.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;7b&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''Attribution:''' Attribution is an important part of these licenses. We consider it giving credit where credit is due – to authors like yourself. When you contribute text, you agree to be attributed in any of the following fashions:&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;OL STYLE=&quot;list-style:lower-roman&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Through hyperlink (where possible) or URL to the article to which you contributed (since each article has a history page that lists all contributors, authors and editors);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Through hyperlink (where possible) or URL to an alternative, stable online copy that is freely accessible, which conforms with the relevant license, and which provides credit to the authors in a manner equivalent to the credit given on the Project Website; or&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Through a list of all authors (but please note that any list of authors may be filtered to exclude very small or irrelevant contributions).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;7c&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''Importing text:''' You may import text that you have found elsewhere or that you have co-authored with others, but in such case you represent and warrant that the text is available under terms that are compatible with CC BY-SA (or, as explained above, another license when exceptionally required by the Project edition or feature). For a list of compatible licenses, see [//creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-considerations/compatible-licenses/ Creative Commons]. You shall not import content that is available solely under GFDL.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
You agree that, if you import text under a CC license that requires attribution, you must credit the author(s) in a reasonable fashion. Where such credit is commonly given through page histories (such as Wikimedia-internal copying), it is sufficient to give attribution in the edit summary, which is recorded in the page history, when importing the text. The attribution requirements are sometimes too intrusive for particular circumstances (regardless of the license), and there may be instances where the Wikimedia community decides that imported text cannot be used for that reason.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;7d&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''Non-text media:''' Non-text media on the Projects are available under a variety of different licenses that support the general goal of allowing unrestricted reuse and redistribution. When you contribute non-text media, you agree to comply with the requirements for such licenses as described in our [[Special:MyLanguage/Resolution:Licensing policy|Licensing Policy]], and also comply with the requirements of the specific Project edition or feature to which you are contributing. Also see the [[:c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Licensing|Wikimedia Commons Licensing Policy]] for more information on contributing non-text media to Wikimedia Commons.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;7e&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''No revocation of license:''' Except as consistent with your license, you agree that you will not unilaterally revoke or seek invalidation of any license that you have granted under these Terms of Use for text content or non-text media contributed to the Projects or features, even if you terminate use of our services.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;7f&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''Public domain content:''' Content that is in the public domain is welcome. It is important however that you confirm the public domain status of the content under the law of the United States of America as well as the laws of any other countries as required by the specific Project edition. When you contribute content that is in the public domain, you warrant that the material is actually in the public domain, and you agree to label it appropriately.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;7g&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''Re-use:''' Reuse of content that we host is welcome, though exceptions exist for content contributed under &quot;fair use&quot; or similar exemptions under applicable copyright law. Any reuse must comply with the underlying license(s).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
When you reuse or redistribute a text page developed by the Wikimedia community, you agree to attribute the authors in any of the following fashions:
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;OL STYLE=&quot;list-style:lower-roman&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Through hyperlink (where possible) or URL to the page or pages that you are reusing (since each page has a history page that lists all contributors, authors and editors);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Through hyperlink (where possible) or URL to an alternative, stable online copy that is freely accessible, which conforms with the license, and which provides credit to the authors in a manner equivalent to the credit given on the Project Website; or&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Through a list of all authors (but please note that any list of authors may be filtered to exclude very small or irrelevant contributions).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
If the text content was imported from another source, it is possible that the content is licensed under a compatible CC BY-SA license but not GFDL (as described in &quot;Importing text,&quot; above). In that case, you agree to comply with the compatible CC BY-SA license and do not have the option to relicense it under GFDL. To determine the license that applies to the content that you seek to reuse or redistribute, you should review the page footer, page history, and discussion page.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
In addition, please be aware that text that originated from external sources and was imported into a Project may be under a license that attaches additional attribution requirements. Users agree to indicate these additional attribution requirements clearly. Depending on the Project, such requirements may appear, for example, in a banner or other notations pointing out that some or all of the content was originally published elsewhere. Where there are such visible notations, reusers should preserve them.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
For any non-text media, you agree to comply with the applicable license under which the work has been made available (which can be discovered by clicking on the work and looking at the licensing section on its description page or reviewing an applicable source page for that work). When reusing any content that we host, you agree to comply with the relevant attribution requirements as they pertain to the underlying license or licenses.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''Modifications or additions to material that you reuse:''' When modifying or making additions to text that you have obtained from a Project Website, you agree to license the modified or added content under CC BY-SA 4.0 or later (or, as explained above, another license when exceptionally required by the specific Project edition or feature).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;When modifying or making additions to any non-text media that you have obtained from a Project website, you agree to license the modified or added content in accordance with whatever license under which the work has been made available.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;With both text content and non-text media, you agree to clearly indicate that the original work has been modified. If you are reusing text content in a wiki, it is sufficient to indicate in the page history that you made a change to the imported text. For each copy or modified version that you distribute, you agree to include a licensing notice stating which license the work is released under, along with either a hyperlink or URL to the text of the license or a copy of the license itself.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;

{{anchor|8}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 8. Copyright Compliance ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
:'''Global Copyright Compliance'''
If you believe that content on Wikipedia violates intellectual property rights, it can be reported to the Wikimedia Foundation following our illegal content reporting process (see section 10 below).
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Please note that due to the harmonization of international copyright law, in many cases it will be possible to submit a notice of copyright violation under either your local law or US law. To be valid under US law, a copyright notice must follow the requirements of the DMCA, listed below.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
We will terminate, in appropriate circumstances, users and account holders of our system and network who are repeat infringers on our Projects and services.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
:'''DMCA Compliance'''
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The Wikimedia Foundation wants to ensure that the content that we host can be reused by other users without fear of liability and that it is not infringing the proprietary rights of others. In fairness to our users, as well as to other creators and copyright holders, our policy is to respond to notices of alleged infringement that comply with the formalities of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (&quot;DMCA&quot;). Pursuant to the DMCA, we will terminate, in appropriate circumstances, users and account holders of our system and network who are repeat infringers on our Projects and services.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
However, we also recognize that not every takedown notice is valid or in good faith. In such cases, we strongly encourage users to file counter-notifications when they appropriately believe a DMCA takedown demand is invalid or improper. For more information on what to do if you think a DMCA notice has been improperly filed, you may wish to consult the [//lumendatabase.org/ Lumen Database] website.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
If you are the owner of content that is being improperly used on one of the Projects without your permission, you may request that the content be removed by filing a notice under the DMCA. To make such a request, please email us at {{email|legal|wikimedia.org}} or [[Special:MyLanguage/Legal:DMCA takedowns|snail mail our designated agent]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Alternatively, you may make a request to our community, which often handles copyright issues faster and more effectively than the process prescribed under the DMCA. In that case, you can post a notice explaining your copyright concerns. For a non-exhaustive and non-authoritative list of the relevant processes for the different Project editions, [[:m:Copyright problems|visit the Copyright Problems page]]. Before filing a DMCA claim, you also have the option of sending an email to the community at {{email|info|wikimedia.org}}.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|9}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 9. Third-party Websites and Resources ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
You are solely responsible for your use of any third-party websites or resources. Although the Projects and Project Websites contain links to third-party websites and resources, we do not endorse and are not responsible or liable for their availability, accuracy, or the related content, products, or services (including, without limitation, any viruses or other disabling features), nor do we have any obligation to monitor such third-party content.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|10}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 10. Management of Websites ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The community has the primary role in creating and enforcing policies applying to the different Project editions. At the Wikimedia Foundation, we rarely intervene in community decisions about policy and its enforcement.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
It is possible to notify us of illegal content, or content that violates our Terms of Use (including all policies and other documents incorporated by reference) for other reasons [[{{foundationsite|1=about/contact/}}|by contacting us directly]]. However, you can typically make a request directly to the Project's community: this may be more efficient, and is more consistent with our Projects' aim to empower the user community. Please note that this contact method functions as the Foundation’s grievance redressal mechanism for all jurisdictions that require one. Grievances submitted through this contact will be reviewed, in accordance with applicable legal requirements.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Each Project will usually provide &quot;Help&quot; or &quot;Contact&quot; pages for further guidance, or specific tools for reporting issues. Alternatively – if in doubt – you can ask members of the community for help, by sending an email to {{email|info|wikimedia.org}} or a more language-specific address from the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Volunteer Response Team|Volunteer Response Team page]]. Please note that these mailboxes are monitored by users of the Projects, not the Foundation. As a result, they should not be threatened or issued with legal demands.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
If you contact the Foundation with a problem, we will typically explore whether and how existing community-led mechanisms can investigate and, where appropriate, resolve it.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
In an unusual case, the need may arise, or the community may ask us, to address an especially problematic user or especially problematic content because of significant Project disturbance or dangerous behavior. In such cases, we reserve the right, at our sole discretion (or where legally compelled), to:
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
* Investigate your use of the Projects or our services (a) to determine whether a violation of these Terms of Use, Project edition policy, or other applicable law or policy has occurred, or (b) to comply with any applicable law, legal process, or an appropriate governmental request;
* Detect, prevent, or otherwise address fraud, false or unverifiable information, security, or technical issues or respond to user support requests;
* Refuse, revert, disable, or restrict access to contributions of any user who violates these Terms of Use;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
* Ban a user from editing or contributing or block a user's account or access for actions violating these Terms of Use, including repeat posting of unlawful material under applicable law in line with human rights principles;
* Take legal action against users who violate these Terms of Use (including reports to law enforcement authorities); and
* Manage otherwise the Project websites in a manner designed to facilitate their proper functioning and protect the rights, property, and safety of ourselves and our users, licensors, partners, and the public.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Those Foundation moderation activities may be informed or performed by software (such as traffic flood (&quot;Denial of Service&quot;) protection). In those cases human review is normally available, [[{{foundationsite|1=about/contact/}}|upon request]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
In the interests of our users and the Projects, in the extreme circumstance that any individual has had their account or access blocked under this section, they are prohibited from creating or using another account on or seeking access to the same Project, unless we provide explicit permission. Without limiting the authority of the community, the Foundation itself will not ban a user from editing or contributing or block a user's account or access solely because of good faith criticism that does not result in actions otherwise violating these Terms of Use or community policies.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The Wikimedia community and its members may also take action when so allowed by the community or Foundation policies applicable to the specific Project edition, including but not limited to warning, investigating, blocking, or banning users who violate those policies. You agree to comply with the final decisions of dispute resolution bodies that are established by the community for the specific Project editions (such as arbitration committees); these decisions may include sanctions as set out by the policy of the specific Project edition.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Especially problematic users who have had accounts or access blocked on multiple Project editions may be subject to a ban from all of the Project editions, in accordance with the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global bans|Global Ban Policy]]. In contrast to Board resolutions or these Terms of Use, policies established by the community, which may cover a single Project edition or multiple Projects editions (like the Global Ban Policy), may be modified by the relevant community according to its own procedures.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The blocking of an account or access or the banning of a user under this provision shall be in accordance with Section 13 of these Terms of Use.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
If you believe we have not satisfactorily acted on a problematic content report, or if you have been subjected to a Foundation moderation action that you wish to challenge, you may be able to [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Office actions#appeals|submit an appeal]]. Other information about routes of appeal may also be explained to you at the time, or in Project-specific help pages.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
We reserve the right to suspend (temporarily, or permanently) our handling of reports or other correspondence from users or third parties, whether about allegedly illegal or otherwise problematic content or conduct, or requesting appeals against moderation actions, if such correspondence was made in bad faith, repetitive, unfounded, and/or abusive. In appropriate circumstances, your email address may even be blocked on our email system(s), and you will then need to contact us [[{{foundationsite|1=about/contact/}}|at our postal address]] if you wish to further correspond with us during that block. For less serious cases (e.g. up to three polite emails about one or more meritless complaints), this is likely to be temporary. More frequent or more abusive communications are more likely to lead to permanent measures. Additional information for persons in the EU can be found on [[Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Wikimedia Foundation EU Compliance|our page about EU compliance and reporting]].
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|11}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 11. Resolutions and Project Policies ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees [[Special:MyLanguage/Resolutions|releases official policies]] from time to time. Some of these policies may be mandatory for a particular Project or Project edition, and, when they are, you agree to abide by them as applicable.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|12}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 12. API Terms ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
We make available a set of APIs, which include documentation and associated tools, to enable users to build products that promote free knowledge. By using our APIs, you agree to abide by all applicable policies governing the use of the APIs, which include but are not limited to the [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia Foundation User-Agent Policy|User-Agent Policy]], the [[wikitech:Robot policy|Robot Policy]], and the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Etiquette|API:Etiquette]] (collectively, &quot;API Documentation&quot;), which are incorporated into these Terms of Use by reference.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|13}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 13. Termination ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Though we hope you will stay and continue to contribute to the Projects, you can stop using our services any time. In certain (hopefully unlikely) circumstances it may be necessary for either ourselves or the Wikimedia community or its members (as described in Section 10) to terminate part or all of our services, terminate these Terms of Use, block your account or access, or ban you as a user. If your account or access is blocked or otherwise terminated for any reason, your public contributions and a record of your activities on or in relation to the Projects (including any correspondence you have sent us) will be unaffected (subject to applicable policies), and you may still access our public pages for the sole purpose of reading publicly available content on the Projects. In such circumstances, however, you may not be able to access your account or settings. However, regardless of any other provision in these Terms of Use, we reserve the right to suspend or end the services at any time, with or without cause, and with or without notice. Even after your use and participation are banned, blocked or otherwise suspended, these Terms of Use will remain in effect with respect to relevant provisions, including Sections 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9-16, and 18.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|14}}
== &lt;span style=&quot;background: #FFFFCD;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;14. Disputes and Jurisdiction&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;div style=&quot;background: #FFFFCD;&quot;&gt;&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Highlighted for emphasis''
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
We hope that no serious disagreements arise involving you, but, in the event there is a dispute, we encourage you to seek resolution through the dispute resolution procedures or mechanisms provided by the Projects or Project editions and the Wikimedia Foundation. If you seek to file a legal claim against us, you agree to file and resolve it exclusively in a state or federal court located in San Francisco County, California. You also agree that the laws of the State of California and, to the extent applicable, the laws of the United States of America will govern these Terms of Use, as well as any legal claim that might arise between you and us (without reference to conflict of laws principles). You agree to submit to the personal jurisdiction of, and agree that venue is proper in, the courts located in San Francisco County, California, in any legal action or proceeding relating to us or these Terms of Use.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
To ensure that disputes are dealt with soon after they arise, you agree that regardless of any statute or law to the contrary, any claim or cause of action you might have arising out of or related to use of our services or these Terms of Use must be filed within the applicable statute of limitations or, if earlier, one (1) year after the pertinent facts underlying such claim or cause of action could have been discovered with reasonable diligence (or be forever barred). If &quot;choice of forum&quot; clauses like the one above are not accepted by the courts where you normally reside, then (i) our choice of forum clause, above, shall be ignored, and (ii) you can refer any dispute to the courts of the jurisdiction where you normally live, following the applicable law rules of those courts. Similarly, if applicable law does not allow the enforcement of the choice of law in this section, then you can resolve a dispute according to the choice of law rules in the court of competent jurisdiction.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{Tunit|123|'''Marketing Company Mediations'''}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
As described in section 4 of these Terms of Use, you agree to resolve violations of the Paid Contributions without Disclosure in a Marketing Company Mediation at the Foundation's discretion. Marketing Company Mediations are '''binding''' mediations where, at the end of either a half or full day session, any disputed items that remain unresolved will be decided by the mediator in a legally binding decision. They will be conducted in meetings by teleconference or videoconference. If an in-person meeting is required, then the Marketing Company Mediation will take place in San Francisco County, California. The parties will split all fees and expenses related to the mediation/arbitration equally.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
You agree, as part of a Marketing Company Mediation, to cooperate with the Foundation, including by timely providing any documentation in your possession relating to your undisclosed paid editing activities including the accounts used, articles affected, and clients who purchased such services.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Marketing Company Mediations are subject to and governed by the Federal Arbitration Act to the extent that the mediator becomes an arbitrator. The prevailing party shall be entitled to recover its attorneys' fees (including all fees necessary to determine the applicability of the Marketing Company Mediation and to enforce the binding result) and all costs relating to the investigation and enforcement of its rights. A party may be deemed &quot;prevailing&quot; even if it is not successful on every claim asserted.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
If for some reason the entirety of these Marketing Company Mediation requirements are found to be unenforceable, you agree to resolve any disputes as described in the beginning of this section.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
{{anchor|15}}

== &lt;span style=&quot;background: #FFFFCD;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;15. Disclaimers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;div style=&quot;background: #FFFFCD;&quot;&gt;
{{Tunit|1=106|2=''Highlighted for emphasis''}}

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
At the Wikimedia Foundation, we do our best to provide educational and informational content to a very wide audience, but your use of our services is at your sole risk. We provide these services on an &quot;as is&quot; and &quot;as available&quot; basis, and we expressly disclaim all express or implied warranties of all kinds, including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, and non-infringement. We make no warranty that our services will meet your requirements, be safe, secure, uninterrupted, timely, accurate, or error-free, or that your information will be secure.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
We are not responsible for the content, data, or actions of third parties, and you release us, our directors, officers, employees, and agents from any claims and damages, known and unknown, arising out of or in any way connected with any claim you have against any such third parties. No advice or information, whether oral or written, obtained by you from us or through or from our services creates any warranty not expressly stated in these Terms of Use.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Any material downloaded or otherwise obtained through your use of our services is done at your own discretion and risk, and you will be solely responsible for any damage to your computer system or loss of data that results from the download of any such material. You agree that we have no responsibility or liability for the deletion of, or the failure to store or to transmit, any content or communication maintained by the service. We retain the right to create limits on use and storage at our sole discretion at any time with or without notice.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Some states or jurisdictions do not allow the types of disclaimers in this section, so they may not apply to you either in part or in full depending on the law.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
{{anchor|16}}
== &lt;span style=&quot;background: #FFFFCD;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;16. Limitation on Liability&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;div style=&quot;background: #FFFFCD;&quot;&gt;
{{Tunit|1=106|2=''Highlighted for emphasis''}}

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The Wikimedia Foundation will not be liable to you or to any other party for any direct, indirect, incidental, special, consequential or exemplary damages, including but not limited to, damages for loss of profits, goodwill, use, data, or other intangible losses, regardless of whether we were advised of the possibility of such damage. In no event shall our liability exceed one thousand U.S. dollars (US$1,000.00) in aggregate. In the case that applicable law may not allow the limitation or exclusion of liability or incidental or consequential damages, the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you, although our liability will be limited to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
{{anchor|17}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 17. Modifications to these Terms of Use ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Just as the Wikimedia community's input is essential for the growth and maintenance of the Projects, we believe that community input is essential for these Terms of Use to properly serve our users. It is also essential for a fair contract. Therefore, we will provide these Terms of Use, as well as any substantial future revisions of these Terms of Use, to the community for comment at least thirty (30) days before the end of the comment period. If a future proposed revision is substantial, we will provide an additional 30 days for comments after posting a translation of the proposed revision in at least three languages (selected at our discretion). The community will be encouraged to translate the proposed revision in other languages as appropriate. For changes for legal or administrative reasons, to correct an inaccurate statement, or changes in response to community comments, we will provide at least three (3) days' notice.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Because it may be necessary to modify these Terms of Use from time to time, we will provide notice of such modifications and the opportunity to comment via the Project websites, and via a notification on [[mail:wikimediaannounce-l|WikimediaAnnounce-l]]. However, we ask that you please periodically review the most up-to-date version of these Terms of Use. Your continued use of our services after the new Terms of Use become official following the notice and review period constitutes an acceptance of these Terms of Use on your part. For the protection of the Wikimedia Foundation and other users like yourself, if you do not agree with our Terms of Use, you cannot use our services.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|18}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 18. Other Terms ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
These Terms of Use do not create an employment, agency, partnership, joint control or joint venture relationship between you and us, the Wikimedia Foundation. For the purposes of European Economic Area law, United Kingdom law, or other laws that involve a similar concept, you are not acting &quot;under the authority of&quot; the Foundation when you use the services. If you have not signed a separate agreement with us, these Terms of Use are the entire agreement between you and us. If there is any conflict between these Terms of Use and a signed written agreement between you and us, the signed agreement will control.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
You agree that we may provide you with notices, including those regarding changes to the Terms of Use, by email, regular mail, or postings on the Projects or Project Websites.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
If in any circumstance, we do not apply or enforce any provision of these Terms of Use, it is not a waiver of that provision.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
You understand that, unless otherwise agreed to in writing by us, you have no expectation of compensation for any activity, contribution, or idea that you provide to us, the community, or the Projects or Project editions.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary in these Terms of Use, we (the Wikimedia Foundation) and you agree not to modify the applicable terms and requirements of any free license that is employed on the Projects or Project editions when such free license is authorized by these Terms of Use.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
These Terms of Use were written in English (U.S.). While we hope that translations of these Terms of Use are accurate, in the event of any differences in meaning between the original English version and a translation, the original English version takes precedence.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
If any provision or part of a provision of these Terms of Use is found unlawful, void, or unenforceable, that provision or part of the provision is deemed severable from these Terms of Use and will be enforced to the maximum extent permissible, and all other provisions of these Terms of Use will remain in full force and effect.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== Thank You! ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
We appreciate your taking the time to read these Terms of Use, and we are very happy to have you contributing to the Projects and using our services. Through your contributions, you are helping to build something really big – not only an important collection of collaboratively edited reference Projects that provides education and information to millions who might otherwise lack access, but also a vibrant community of like-minded and engaged peers, focused on a very noble goal.
&lt;/div&gt;
----
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
'''These Terms of Use went into effect on June 7, 2023. Previous versions of the terms:'''
&lt;/div&gt;
* '''&lt;span class='plainlinks'&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;[{{fullurl:Policy:Terms_of_Use|oldid=98524}} Terms of Use (2014–2023)]: effective from June 16, 2014, until June 7, 2023&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;'''
* '''&lt;span class='plainlinks'&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;[{{fullurl:Policy:Terms_of_Use|oldid=82013}} Terms of Use (2012–2014)]: effective from May 24, 2012, until June 16, 2014&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;'''
* '''&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;[[Special:MyLanguage/Archive:Terms of Use (2009)|Terms of Use (2009)]]: effective from 2009 until May 24, 2012&lt;/span&gt;'''
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-weight:bold;&quot;&gt;{{Disclaimer for translation|textonly=yes}}&lt;/div&gt;

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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 150%;&quot;&gt;Afan oromo&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''''Imagine a world in which every single human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. That's our commitment.'''''&lt;/span&gt; – [[{{foundationsite|1=about/vision}}|Afaan oromo]]

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Welcome to Wikimedia! The Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. (&quot;we&quot; or &quot;us&quot; or &quot;Foundation&quot;), is a non-profit charitable organization, headquartered in San Francisco, California, United States, [[{{foundationsite|1=about/mission}}|whose mission]] is to empower and engage people around the world to collect and develop content [[{{lwp|Free content}}|under a free license]] or in the public domain, and to disseminate it effectively and globally, free of charge.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
To support our vibrant community, we provide the essential infrastructure and organizational framework for the development of multilingual wiki projects and their editions (as explained on our [[{{foundationsite|1=our-work/wikimedia-projects}}|Wikimedia Projects page]]) (hereby referred to as &quot;Projects&quot;) and other endeavors which serve this mission. We strive to make and keep educational and informational content from the Projects available on the internet free of charge, in perpetuity.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
We welcome you (&quot;you&quot; or the &quot;user&quot;) as a reader, or contributor of the Projects, and we encourage you to join the Wikimedia community. Before you participate, however, we ask that you please read and agree to the following Terms of Use (&quot;Terms of Use&quot;).
&lt;/div&gt;
== {{int string|Overview}} ==
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
These Terms of Use tell you about our public services at the Wikimedia Foundation, our relationship to you as a user, and the rights and responsibilities that guide us both. We host an incredible quantity of educational and informational content, all of which is contributed and made possible by users like yourself. Generally we do not contribute, monitor, or delete content (with rare exceptions, such as under policies like these Terms of Use, for legal compliance, or when faced with urgent threats of serious harm). This means that editorial control is in the hands of you and your fellow users who create and manage the content.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The community – the network of users who are constantly building and using the Projects and/or their websites (hereby referred to as &quot;Project Websites&quot;) – is the principal means through which the goals of the mission are achieved. The community contributes to and helps govern our Projects and Project Websites. The community also undertakes the critical function of creating and enforcing policies for the specific Project editions (such as the different language editions for the Wikipedia Project or the Wikimedia Commons multilingual edition).
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
You, the user, are welcome to join as a contributor, editor, or author, but you should follow the policies that govern each of the independent Project editions, including the [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC), which apply to all Project editions. The largest of our Projects is Wikipedia, but we host other Projects too, each with different objectives and work methods. Each Project edition has a team of contributors, editors or authors who work together to create and manage the content on that Project edition. You are welcome to join these teams and work with them to improve these Projects. Since we are dedicated to making content freely accessible to the public, content you contribute is made available under a free license or released in the public domain.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Please be aware that you are legally responsible for all of your contributions, edits, and reuse of Wikimedia content under the laws of the United States of America and other applicable laws (which may include laws where you or the subject of your contributions are located). This means it is important that you exercise caution when posting, modifying or reusing content. In light of this responsibility, we have some rules about what you cannot do, most of which are either for your own protection or for the protection of other users like yourself. Please keep in mind that the content we host is for general informational purposes only, so if you need expert advice for a particular question (such as medical, legal, or financial issues), you should seek the help of an appropriate professional. We also include other important notices and disclaimers, so please read these Terms of Use in their entirety.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
For clarity, other organizations, such as [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia chapters|local Wikimedia chapters]] and associations, that may share in the same mission are nevertheless legally independent and separate from the Wikimedia Foundation. Unless otherwise stated by the Foundation as an authorized party on a given Project's Website, those other organizations have no responsibility for the operations of the Project's Website or its content.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|1}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 1. Our Services ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The Wikimedia Foundation is dedicated to encouraging the growth, development, and distribution of free multilingual content, and to hosting the full content of these wiki-based Projects for the public free of charge. Our role is to host some of the largest collaboratively edited reference Projects in the world, [//www.wikimedia.org which can be found here]. However, we act only as a hosting service provider, maintaining the infrastructure and organizational framework. This infrastructure and framework allow our users to build the Projects by contributing and editing content themselves. They also allow our users to reuse that content. The infrastructure we maintain includes specialized technological infrastructure that enables users to programmatically interact with and reuse content on Projects (referred to as &quot;Application Programming Interface&quot; or &quot;APIs&quot;), and mobile applications.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
As used throughout the rest of the Terms of Use, our services consist of: [//www.wikimedia.org The Project Websites we host], technological infrastructure that we maintain, and any technical spaces that we host for the maintenance and improvement of our Projects.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Because of our unique role, there are a couple of things you should be aware of when considering our relationship to you, the Projects, and other users:
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;ol STYLE=&quot;list-style-type: lower-alpha&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''We do not take an editorial role:''' Because the Projects are collaboratively edited, the vast majority of the content that we host is provided by users, and we do not take an editorial role. This means that we generally do not monitor or edit the content of the Project Websites, and we do not take any responsibility for this content. Similarly, unless we have expressly stated otherwise, we do not endorse any opinions expressed via our services, and we do not represent or guarantee the truthfulness, accuracy, or reliability of any submitted community content on the Projects.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''You are responsible for your own actions:''' You are legally responsible for your edits and contributions on the Projects, your reuse of content on the Projects, your use of the APIs, and your use of our services more generally. For your own protection you should exercise caution and avoid taking any actions that may result in criminal or civil liability under any applicable laws. For clarity, applicable law includes at least the laws of the United States of America and the State of California. For other countries, this is determined on a case-by-case basis. Although we may not agree with such actions, we warn users—particularly the editors, contributors, and authors—that non-U.S. authorities may seek to apply other country laws to you, including local laws where you live or where you view or edit content. We generally cannot offer any protection, guarantee, immunity or indemnification against the application of such laws.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;

{{anchor|2}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 2. Privacy Policy ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
We ask that you review the [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy|terms of our Privacy Policy]], so that you are aware of how we collect and use your information.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|3}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 3. Content We Host ==
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;OL STYLE=&quot;list-style-type: lower-alpha&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''You may find some material objectionable or erroneous:''' Because we host a wide array of content that is produced or gathered by fellow users, you may encounter material that you find offensive, erroneous, misleading, mislabeled, or otherwise objectionable. We therefore ask that you use common sense and proper judgment when using our services.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''The Projects' content is for general informational purposes only:''' Although our Projects host a great deal of information that pertains to professional topics, including medical, legal, or financial issues, this content is presented for general informational purposes only. It should not be taken as professional advice. Please seek independent professional counseling from someone who is licensed or qualified in the applicable area in lieu of acting on any information, opinion, or advice contained in one of the Project Websites.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/OL&gt;

{{anchor|4}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 4. Refraining from Certain Activities ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The Projects hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation only exist because of the vibrant community of users like you who collaborate to write, edit, and curate the content. We happily welcome your participation in this community. We encourage you to be civil and polite in your interactions with others in the community, to act in good faith, and to make edits and contributions aimed at furthering the mission of the shared Project. We ask that all users review and follow the [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (&quot;UCoC&quot;), which lays out requirements for collegial, civil collaboration across all Projects that we host.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Certain activities, whether legal or illegal under the applicable law, may be harmful to other users and violate our rules, and some activities may also subject you to liability. Therefore, for your own protection and for that of other users, you may not engage in such activities on, or otherwise using, our Projects. These activities include:
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
: '''Harassing and Abusing Others'''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* Engaging in threats, stalking, spamming, vandalism, or harassment as described in the UCoC;
::* Transmitting chain mail, junk mail, or spam to other users;
::* Posting or modifying content with the intention to seriously harm others, such as deliberate inducements to self-harm, or deliberate triggering of epilepsy.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
: '''Violating the Privacy of Others'''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* Infringing the privacy rights of others under applicable laws (which may include the laws where you live or where you view or edit content);
::* Soliciting personally identifiable information for the purposes of harassment, exploitation, or violation of privacy, or for any promotional or commercial purpose not explicitly approved by the Wikimedia Foundation; and
::* Soliciting personally identifiable information from anyone under the age of 18 years, or under the age of majority where you are if higher than 18 years, for an illegal purpose or violating any applicable law regarding the health or well-being of minors.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
: '''Engaging in False Statements, Impersonation, or Fraud'''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* Intentionally or knowingly posting content that constitutes libel or defamation under the laws of the United States of America;
::* Posting or modifying content with the intent to deceive or mislead others;
::* Attempting to impersonate another user or individual, misrepresenting your affiliation with any individual or entity, hiding your affiliation with any individual or entity when disclosure is required by these terms or local Project policy, or using the name or username of another person with the intent to deceive; and
::* Engaging in fraud.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
: '''Committing Infringement of Intellectual Property Rights'''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* Infringing copyrights, trademarks, patents, or other proprietary rights under the applicable law.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
: '''Misusing Our Services for Other Illegal Purposes'''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* Posting child pornography or any other content that violates applicable law concerning child pornography or child sexual abuse material, or encouraging, grooming, or advocating for others to create or share such material;
::* Posting or trafficking in obscene material that is unlawful under applicable law; and
::* Using the services in a manner that is inconsistent with applicable law.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
: '''Engaging in Disruptive and Illegal Misuse of Facilities'''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* Posting or distributing content that contains any viruses, malware, worms, Trojan horses, malicious code, or other device that could harm our technical infrastructure or system or that of other users;
::* Engaging in automated uses of the Project Websites that are abusive or disruptive of the services, violate acceptable usage policies where available, or have not been approved by the Wikimedia community;
::* Disrupting the services by placing an undue burden on an API, Project Website or the networks or servers connected with a particular Project Website;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* Disrupting the services by inundating any of the Project Websites with communications or other traffic that suggests no serious intent to use the Project website for its stated purpose;
::* Knowingly accessing, tampering with, or using any of our non-public areas in our computer systems without authorization; and
::* Probing, scanning, or testing the vulnerability of any of our technical systems or networks unless all the following conditions are met:
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
:::* such actions do not unduly abuse or disrupt our technical systems or networks;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
:::* such actions are not for personal gain (except for credit for your work);
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
:::* you report any vulnerabilities to the relevant developers (or fix it yourself); and
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
:::* you do not undertake such actions with malicious or destructive intent.
&lt;/div&gt;
{{anchor|paid-contrib-disclosure}}{{anchor|paid contributions}}{{anchor|PAID}}{{Shortcut|1=[[PAID]]}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
: '''Paid Contributions Without Disclosure'''
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* You must disclose each and any employer, client, intended beneficiary and affiliation with respect to any contribution for which you receive, or expect to receive, compensation. You must make that disclosure in at least one of the following ways:
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
:::* a statement on your user page,
:::* a statement on the talk page accompanying any paid contributions, or
:::* a statement in the edit summary accompanying any paid contributions.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* In addition, if you make a public posting off the Projects advertising editing services on Wikipedia in exchange for compensation of any kind, you must disclose all Wikipedia accounts you have used or will use for this service in the public posting on the third-party service.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* Applicable law, or Project-specific policies and Foundation policies and guidelines, such as those addressing conflicts of interest, may further limit paid contributions or require more detailed disclosure. For example, infringing Wikimedia Trademarks (defined hereinafter at Section 6) to advertise paid editing services, removing disclosures on previously adequately disclosed paid edits, or logged-out paid editing in a manner that makes adequate disclosure a practical impossibility violate this section.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::* A Wikimedia Project community may adopt an alternative paid contribution disclosure policy which may supplement or replace this section. If a Project adopts an alternative disclosure policy, you may comply with that policy instead of the requirements in this section (titled &quot;Paid Contributions Without Disclosure&quot;) when contributing to that particular Project.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
:: For more information, please read our [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use/Frequently asked questions on paid contributions without disclosure|FAQ on disclosure of paid contributions]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Undisclosed editing by users receiving compensation creates an unreasonable burden on volunteer editors [[{{lwp|Wikipedia:Conflict of interest}}|who investigate and enforce community policies]]. Therefore, for violations of this section related to undisclosed paid editing, you agree to submit to binding &quot;Med-Arb&quot; (a &quot;Marketing Company Mediation&quot;) as described in section 14 of these Terms of Use.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
We reserve the right to exercise our enforcement discretion with respect to the provisions in section 4 of these Terms of Use. Where required, enforcement of these terms may include actions not listed in the Wikimedia Foundation [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Office actions|Office Action Policy]]. If enforcement is required in new circumstances, we will make an effort within at most one (1) year to update the Office Action Policy to catalog the new type of action.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|5}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 5. Password Security ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
You are responsible for safeguarding your own password and other security credentials, and should never disclose them to any third party.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|6}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 6. Trademarks ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Although you have considerable freedoms for reuse of the content on the Project Websites, it is important that, at the Wikimedia Foundation, we protect our trademark rights so that we can protect our users from fraudulent impersonators. Because of this, we ask that you please respect our trademarks. All Wikimedia Foundation trademarks belong to the Wikimedia Foundation, and any use of our trade names, trademarks, service marks, logos, or domain names must be in compliance with these Terms of Use and in compliance with our [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Trademark policy|Trademark Policy]].
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|7}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 7. Licensing of Content ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
To grow the commons of free knowledge and free culture, all users contributing to the Projects or Project Websites are required to grant broad permissions to the general public to redistribute and reuse their contributions freely, so long as that use is properly attributed and the same freedom to reuse and redistribute is granted to any derivative works. In keeping with our goal of providing free information to the widest possible audience, we require that when necessary all submitted content be licensed so that it is freely reusable by anyone who may access it.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
You agree to the following licensing requirements:
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;OL STYLE=&quot;list-style-type: lower-alpha&quot;&gt;&lt;LI&gt;&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
'''Text to which you hold the copyright:''' When you submit text to which you hold the copyright, you agree to license it under:
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
* [//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.{{PAGELANGUAGE}} Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License] (&quot;CC BY-SA 4.0&quot;), and
* [//www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html GNU Free Documentation License] (&quot;GFDL&quot;) (unversioned, with no invariant sections, front-cover texts, or back-cover texts).
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Reusers may comply with either license or both.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The only exception is if the Project edition or feature requires a different license. In that case, you agree to license any text you contribute under the particular license prescribed by the Project edition or the feature.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Please note that these licenses do allow commercial uses of your contributions, as long as such uses are compliant with the terms of the respective licenses. Where you own Sui Generis Database Rights covered by CC BY-SA 4.0, you waive these rights. As an example, this means facts you contribute to the projects may be reused freely without attribution.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;7b&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''Attribution:''' Attribution is an important part of these licenses. We consider it giving credit where credit is due – to authors like yourself. When you contribute text, you agree to be attributed in any of the following fashions:&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;OL STYLE=&quot;list-style:lower-roman&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Through hyperlink (where possible) or URL to the article to which you contributed (since each article has a history page that lists all contributors, authors and editors);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Through hyperlink (where possible) or URL to an alternative, stable online copy that is freely accessible, which conforms with the relevant license, and which provides credit to the authors in a manner equivalent to the credit given on the Project Website; or&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Through a list of all authors (but please note that any list of authors may be filtered to exclude very small or irrelevant contributions).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;7c&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''Importing text:''' You may import text that you have found elsewhere or that you have co-authored with others, but in such case you represent and warrant that the text is available under terms that are compatible with CC BY-SA (or, as explained above, another license when exceptionally required by the Project edition or feature). For a list of compatible licenses, see [//creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-considerations/compatible-licenses/ Creative Commons]. You shall not import content that is available solely under GFDL.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
You agree that, if you import text under a CC license that requires attribution, you must credit the author(s) in a reasonable fashion. Where such credit is commonly given through page histories (such as Wikimedia-internal copying), it is sufficient to give attribution in the edit summary, which is recorded in the page history, when importing the text. The attribution requirements are sometimes too intrusive for particular circumstances (regardless of the license), and there may be instances where the Wikimedia community decides that imported text cannot be used for that reason.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;7d&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''Non-text media:''' Non-text media on the Projects are available under a variety of different licenses that support the general goal of allowing unrestricted reuse and redistribution. When you contribute non-text media, you agree to comply with the requirements for such licenses as described in our [[Special:MyLanguage/Resolution:Licensing policy|Licensing Policy]], and also comply with the requirements of the specific Project edition or feature to which you are contributing. Also see the [[:c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Licensing|Wikimedia Commons Licensing Policy]] for more information on contributing non-text media to Wikimedia Commons.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;7e&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''No revocation of license:''' Except as consistent with your license, you agree that you will not unilaterally revoke or seek invalidation of any license that you have granted under these Terms of Use for text content or non-text media contributed to the Projects or features, even if you terminate use of our services.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;7f&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''Public domain content:''' Content that is in the public domain is welcome. It is important however that you confirm the public domain status of the content under the law of the United States of America as well as the laws of any other countries as required by the specific Project edition. When you contribute content that is in the public domain, you warrant that the material is actually in the public domain, and you agree to label it appropriately.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;7g&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''Re-use:''' Reuse of content that we host is welcome, though exceptions exist for content contributed under &quot;fair use&quot; or similar exemptions under applicable copyright law. Any reuse must comply with the underlying license(s).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
When you reuse or redistribute a text page developed by the Wikimedia community, you agree to attribute the authors in any of the following fashions:
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;OL STYLE=&quot;list-style:lower-roman&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Through hyperlink (where possible) or URL to the page or pages that you are reusing (since each page has a history page that lists all contributors, authors and editors);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Through hyperlink (where possible) or URL to an alternative, stable online copy that is freely accessible, which conforms with the license, and which provides credit to the authors in a manner equivalent to the credit given on the Project Website; or&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Through a list of all authors (but please note that any list of authors may be filtered to exclude very small or irrelevant contributions).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
If the text content was imported from another source, it is possible that the content is licensed under a compatible CC BY-SA license but not GFDL (as described in &quot;Importing text,&quot; above). In that case, you agree to comply with the compatible CC BY-SA license and do not have the option to relicense it under GFDL. To determine the license that applies to the content that you seek to reuse or redistribute, you should review the page footer, page history, and discussion page.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
In addition, please be aware that text that originated from external sources and was imported into a Project may be under a license that attaches additional attribution requirements. Users agree to indicate these additional attribution requirements clearly. Depending on the Project, such requirements may appear, for example, in a banner or other notations pointing out that some or all of the content was originally published elsewhere. Where there are such visible notations, reusers should preserve them.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
For any non-text media, you agree to comply with the applicable license under which the work has been made available (which can be discovered by clicking on the work and looking at the licensing section on its description page or reviewing an applicable source page for that work). When reusing any content that we host, you agree to comply with the relevant attribution requirements as they pertain to the underlying license or licenses.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;'''Modifications or additions to material that you reuse:''' When modifying or making additions to text that you have obtained from a Project Website, you agree to license the modified or added content under CC BY-SA 4.0 or later (or, as explained above, another license when exceptionally required by the specific Project edition or feature).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;When modifying or making additions to any non-text media that you have obtained from a Project website, you agree to license the modified or added content in accordance with whatever license under which the work has been made available.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;With both text content and non-text media, you agree to clearly indicate that the original work has been modified. If you are reusing text content in a wiki, it is sufficient to indicate in the page history that you made a change to the imported text. For each copy or modified version that you distribute, you agree to include a licensing notice stating which license the work is released under, along with either a hyperlink or URL to the text of the license or a copy of the license itself.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;

{{anchor|8}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 8. Copyright Compliance ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
:'''Global Copyright Compliance'''
If you believe that content on Wikipedia violates intellectual property rights, it can be reported to the Wikimedia Foundation following our illegal content reporting process (see section 10 below).
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Please note that due to the harmonization of international copyright law, in many cases it will be possible to submit a notice of copyright violation under either your local law or US law. To be valid under US law, a copyright notice must follow the requirements of the DMCA, listed below.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
We will terminate, in appropriate circumstances, users and account holders of our system and network who are repeat infringers on our Projects and services.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
:'''DMCA Compliance'''
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The Wikimedia Foundation wants to ensure that the content that we host can be reused by other users without fear of liability and that it is not infringing the proprietary rights of others. In fairness to our users, as well as to other creators and copyright holders, our policy is to respond to notices of alleged infringement that comply with the formalities of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (&quot;DMCA&quot;). Pursuant to the DMCA, we will terminate, in appropriate circumstances, users and account holders of our system and network who are repeat infringers on our Projects and services.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
However, we also recognize that not every takedown notice is valid or in good faith. In such cases, we strongly encourage users to file counter-notifications when they appropriately believe a DMCA takedown demand is invalid or improper. For more information on what to do if you think a DMCA notice has been improperly filed, you may wish to consult the [//lumendatabase.org/ Lumen Database] website.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
If you are the owner of content that is being improperly used on one of the Projects without your permission, you may request that the content be removed by filing a notice under the DMCA. To make such a request, please email us at {{email|legal|wikimedia.org}} or [[Special:MyLanguage/Legal:DMCA takedowns|snail mail our designated agent]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Alternatively, you may make a request to our community, which often handles copyright issues faster and more effectively than the process prescribed under the DMCA. In that case, you can post a notice explaining your copyright concerns. For a non-exhaustive and non-authoritative list of the relevant processes for the different Project editions, [[:m:Copyright problems|visit the Copyright Problems page]]. Before filing a DMCA claim, you also have the option of sending an email to the community at {{email|info|wikimedia.org}}.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|9}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 9. Third-party Websites and Resources ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
You are solely responsible for your use of any third-party websites or resources. Although the Projects and Project Websites contain links to third-party websites and resources, we do not endorse and are not responsible or liable for their availability, accuracy, or the related content, products, or services (including, without limitation, any viruses or other disabling features), nor do we have any obligation to monitor such third-party content.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|10}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 10. Management of Websites ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The community has the primary role in creating and enforcing policies applying to the different Project editions. At the Wikimedia Foundation, we rarely intervene in community decisions about policy and its enforcement.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
It is possible to notify us of illegal content, or content that violates our Terms of Use (including all policies and other documents incorporated by reference) for other reasons [[{{foundationsite|1=about/contact/}}|by contacting us directly]]. However, you can typically make a request directly to the Project's community: this may be more efficient, and is more consistent with our Projects' aim to empower the user community. Please note that this contact method functions as the Foundation’s grievance redressal mechanism for all jurisdictions that require one. Grievances submitted through this contact will be reviewed, in accordance with applicable legal requirements.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Each Project will usually provide &quot;Help&quot; or &quot;Contact&quot; pages for further guidance, or specific tools for reporting issues. Alternatively – if in doubt – you can ask members of the community for help, by sending an email to {{email|info|wikimedia.org}} or a more language-specific address from the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Volunteer Response Team|Volunteer Response Team page]]. Please note that these mailboxes are monitored by users of the Projects, not the Foundation. As a result, they should not be threatened or issued with legal demands.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
If you contact the Foundation with a problem, we will typically explore whether and how existing community-led mechanisms can investigate and, where appropriate, resolve it.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
In an unusual case, the need may arise, or the community may ask us, to address an especially problematic user or especially problematic content because of significant Project disturbance or dangerous behavior. In such cases, we reserve the right, at our sole discretion (or where legally compelled), to:
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
* Investigate your use of the Projects or our services (a) to determine whether a violation of these Terms of Use, Project edition policy, or other applicable law or policy has occurred, or (b) to comply with any applicable law, legal process, or an appropriate governmental request;
* Detect, prevent, or otherwise address fraud, false or unverifiable information, security, or technical issues or respond to user support requests;
* Refuse, revert, disable, or restrict access to contributions of any user who violates these Terms of Use;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
* Ban a user from editing or contributing or block a user's account or access for actions violating these Terms of Use, including repeat posting of unlawful material under applicable law in line with human rights principles;
* Take legal action against users who violate these Terms of Use (including reports to law enforcement authorities); and
* Manage otherwise the Project websites in a manner designed to facilitate their proper functioning and protect the rights, property, and safety of ourselves and our users, licensors, partners, and the public.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Those Foundation moderation activities may be informed or performed by software (such as traffic flood (&quot;Denial of Service&quot;) protection). In those cases human review is normally available, [[{{foundationsite|1=about/contact/}}|upon request]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
In the interests of our users and the Projects, in the extreme circumstance that any individual has had their account or access blocked under this section, they are prohibited from creating or using another account on or seeking access to the same Project, unless we provide explicit permission. Without limiting the authority of the community, the Foundation itself will not ban a user from editing or contributing or block a user's account or access solely because of good faith criticism that does not result in actions otherwise violating these Terms of Use or community policies.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The Wikimedia community and its members may also take action when so allowed by the community or Foundation policies applicable to the specific Project edition, including but not limited to warning, investigating, blocking, or banning users who violate those policies. You agree to comply with the final decisions of dispute resolution bodies that are established by the community for the specific Project editions (such as arbitration committees); these decisions may include sanctions as set out by the policy of the specific Project edition.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Especially problematic users who have had accounts or access blocked on multiple Project editions may be subject to a ban from all of the Project editions, in accordance with the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global bans|Global Ban Policy]]. In contrast to Board resolutions or these Terms of Use, policies established by the community, which may cover a single Project edition or multiple Projects editions (like the Global Ban Policy), may be modified by the relevant community according to its own procedures.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The blocking of an account or access or the banning of a user under this provision shall be in accordance with Section 13 of these Terms of Use.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
If you believe we have not satisfactorily acted on a problematic content report, or if you have been subjected to a Foundation moderation action that you wish to challenge, you may be able to [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Office actions#appeals|submit an appeal]]. Other information about routes of appeal may also be explained to you at the time, or in Project-specific help pages.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
We reserve the right to suspend (temporarily, or permanently) our handling of reports or other correspondence from users or third parties, whether about allegedly illegal or otherwise problematic content or conduct, or requesting appeals against moderation actions, if such correspondence was made in bad faith, repetitive, unfounded, and/or abusive. In appropriate circumstances, your email address may even be blocked on our email system(s), and you will then need to contact us [[{{foundationsite|1=about/contact/}}|at our postal address]] if you wish to further correspond with us during that block. For less serious cases (e.g. up to three polite emails about one or more meritless complaints), this is likely to be temporary. More frequent or more abusive communications are more likely to lead to permanent measures. Additional information for persons in the EU can be found on [[Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Wikimedia Foundation EU Compliance|our page about EU compliance and reporting]].
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|11}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 11. Resolutions and Project Policies ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees [[Special:MyLanguage/Resolutions|releases official policies]] from time to time. Some of these policies may be mandatory for a particular Project or Project edition, and, when they are, you agree to abide by them as applicable.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|12}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 12. API Terms ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
We make available a set of APIs, which include documentation and associated tools, to enable users to build products that promote free knowledge. By using our APIs, you agree to abide by all applicable policies governing the use of the APIs, which include but are not limited to the [[Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia Foundation User-Agent Policy|User-Agent Policy]], the [[wikitech:Robot policy|Robot Policy]], and the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Etiquette|API:Etiquette]] (collectively, &quot;API Documentation&quot;), which are incorporated into these Terms of Use by reference.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|13}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 13. Termination ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Though we hope you will stay and continue to contribute to the Projects, you can stop using our services any time. In certain (hopefully unlikely) circumstances it may be necessary for either ourselves or the Wikimedia community or its members (as described in Section 10) to terminate part or all of our services, terminate these Terms of Use, block your account or access, or ban you as a user. If your account or access is blocked or otherwise terminated for any reason, your public contributions and a record of your activities on or in relation to the Projects (including any correspondence you have sent us) will be unaffected (subject to applicable policies), and you may still access our public pages for the sole purpose of reading publicly available content on the Projects. In such circumstances, however, you may not be able to access your account or settings. However, regardless of any other provision in these Terms of Use, we reserve the right to suspend or end the services at any time, with or without cause, and with or without notice. Even after your use and participation are banned, blocked or otherwise suspended, these Terms of Use will remain in effect with respect to relevant provisions, including Sections 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9-16, and 18.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|14}}
== &lt;span style=&quot;background: #FFFFCD;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;14. Disputes and Jurisdiction&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;div style=&quot;background: #FFFFCD;&quot;&gt;&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Highlighted for emphasis''
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
We hope that no serious disagreements arise involving you, but, in the event there is a dispute, we encourage you to seek resolution through the dispute resolution procedures or mechanisms provided by the Projects or Project editions and the Wikimedia Foundation. If you seek to file a legal claim against us, you agree to file and resolve it exclusively in a state or federal court located in San Francisco County, California. You also agree that the laws of the State of California and, to the extent applicable, the laws of the United States of America will govern these Terms of Use, as well as any legal claim that might arise between you and us (without reference to conflict of laws principles). You agree to submit to the personal jurisdiction of, and agree that venue is proper in, the courts located in San Francisco County, California, in any legal action or proceeding relating to us or these Terms of Use.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
To ensure that disputes are dealt with soon after they arise, you agree that regardless of any statute or law to the contrary, any claim or cause of action you might have arising out of or related to use of our services or these Terms of Use must be filed within the applicable statute of limitations or, if earlier, one (1) year after the pertinent facts underlying such claim or cause of action could have been discovered with reasonable diligence (or be forever barred). If &quot;choice of forum&quot; clauses like the one above are not accepted by the courts where you normally reside, then (i) our choice of forum clause, above, shall be ignored, and (ii) you can refer any dispute to the courts of the jurisdiction where you normally live, following the applicable law rules of those courts. Similarly, if applicable law does not allow the enforcement of the choice of law in this section, then you can resolve a dispute according to the choice of law rules in the court of competent jurisdiction.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{Tunit|123|'''Marketing Company Mediations'''}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
As described in section 4 of these Terms of Use, you agree to resolve violations of the Paid Contributions without Disclosure in a Marketing Company Mediation at the Foundation's discretion. Marketing Company Mediations are '''binding''' mediations where, at the end of either a half or full day session, any disputed items that remain unresolved will be decided by the mediator in a legally binding decision. They will be conducted in meetings by teleconference or videoconference. If an in-person meeting is required, then the Marketing Company Mediation will take place in San Francisco County, California. The parties will split all fees and expenses related to the mediation/arbitration equally.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
You agree, as part of a Marketing Company Mediation, to cooperate with the Foundation, including by timely providing any documentation in your possession relating to your undisclosed paid editing activities including the accounts used, articles affected, and clients who purchased such services.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Marketing Company Mediations are subject to and governed by the Federal Arbitration Act to the extent that the mediator becomes an arbitrator. The prevailing party shall be entitled to recover its attorneys' fees (including all fees necessary to determine the applicability of the Marketing Company Mediation and to enforce the binding result) and all costs relating to the investigation and enforcement of its rights. A party may be deemed &quot;prevailing&quot; even if it is not successful on every claim asserted.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
If for some reason the entirety of these Marketing Company Mediation requirements are found to be unenforceable, you agree to resolve any disputes as described in the beginning of this section.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
{{anchor|15}}

== &lt;span style=&quot;background: #FFFFCD;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;15. Disclaimers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;div style=&quot;background: #FFFFCD;&quot;&gt;
{{Tunit|1=106|2=''Highlighted for emphasis''}}

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
At the Wikimedia Foundation, we do our best to provide educational and informational content to a very wide audience, but your use of our services is at your sole risk. We provide these services on an &quot;as is&quot; and &quot;as available&quot; basis, and we expressly disclaim all express or implied warranties of all kinds, including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, and non-infringement. We make no warranty that our services will meet your requirements, be safe, secure, uninterrupted, timely, accurate, or error-free, or that your information will be secure.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
We are not responsible for the content, data, or actions of third parties, and you release us, our directors, officers, employees, and agents from any claims and damages, known and unknown, arising out of or in any way connected with any claim you have against any such third parties. No advice or information, whether oral or written, obtained by you from us or through or from our services creates any warranty not expressly stated in these Terms of Use.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Any material downloaded or otherwise obtained through your use of our services is done at your own discretion and risk, and you will be solely responsible for any damage to your computer system or loss of data that results from the download of any such material. You agree that we have no responsibility or liability for the deletion of, or the failure to store or to transmit, any content or communication maintained by the service. We retain the right to create limits on use and storage at our sole discretion at any time with or without notice.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Some states or jurisdictions do not allow the types of disclaimers in this section, so they may not apply to you either in part or in full depending on the law.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
{{anchor|16}}
== &lt;span style=&quot;background: #FFFFCD;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;16. Limitation on Liability&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;div style=&quot;background: #FFFFCD;&quot;&gt;
{{Tunit|1=106|2=''Highlighted for emphasis''}}

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The Wikimedia Foundation will not be liable to you or to any other party for any direct, indirect, incidental, special, consequential or exemplary damages, including but not limited to, damages for loss of profits, goodwill, use, data, or other intangible losses, regardless of whether we were advised of the possibility of such damage. In no event shall our liability exceed one thousand U.S. dollars (US$1,000.00) in aggregate. In the case that applicable law may not allow the limitation or exclusion of liability or incidental or consequential damages, the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you, although our liability will be limited to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
{{anchor|17}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 17. Modifications to these Terms of Use ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Just as the Wikimedia community's input is essential for the growth and maintenance of the Projects, we believe that community input is essential for these Terms of Use to properly serve our users. It is also essential for a fair contract. Therefore, we will provide these Terms of Use, as well as any substantial future revisions of these Terms of Use, to the community for comment at least thirty (30) days before the end of the comment period. If a future proposed revision is substantial, we will provide an additional 30 days for comments after posting a translation of the proposed revision in at least three languages (selected at our discretion). The community will be encouraged to translate the proposed revision in other languages as appropriate. For changes for legal or administrative reasons, to correct an inaccurate statement, or changes in response to community comments, we will provide at least three (3) days' notice.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Because it may be necessary to modify these Terms of Use from time to time, we will provide notice of such modifications and the opportunity to comment via the Project websites, and via a notification on [[mail:wikimediaannounce-l|WikimediaAnnounce-l]]. However, we ask that you please periodically review the most up-to-date version of these Terms of Use. Your continued use of our services after the new Terms of Use become official following the notice and review period constitutes an acceptance of these Terms of Use on your part. For the protection of the Wikimedia Foundation and other users like yourself, if you do not agree with our Terms of Use, you cannot use our services.
&lt;/div&gt;

{{anchor|18}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== 18. Other Terms ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
These Terms of Use do not create an employment, agency, partnership, joint control or joint venture relationship between you and us, the Wikimedia Foundation. For the purposes of European Economic Area law, United Kingdom law, or other laws that involve a similar concept, you are not acting &quot;under the authority of&quot; the Foundation when you use the services. If you have not signed a separate agreement with us, these Terms of Use are the entire agreement between you and us. If there is any conflict between these Terms of Use and a signed written agreement between you and us, the signed agreement will control.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
You agree that we may provide you with notices, including those regarding changes to the Terms of Use, by email, regular mail, or postings on the Projects or Project Websites.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
If in any circumstance, we do not apply or enforce any provision of these Terms of Use, it is not a waiver of that provision.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
You understand that, unless otherwise agreed to in writing by us, you have no expectation of compensation for any activity, contribution, or idea that you provide to us, the community, or the Projects or Project editions.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary in these Terms of Use, we (the Wikimedia Foundation) and you agree not to modify the applicable terms and requirements of any free license that is employed on the Projects or Project editions when such free license is authorized by these Terms of Use.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
These Terms of Use were written in English (U.S.). While we hope that translations of these Terms of Use are accurate, in the event of any differences in meaning between the original English version and a translation, the original English version takes precedence.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
If any provision or part of a provision of these Terms of Use is found unlawful, void, or unenforceable, that provision or part of the provision is deemed severable from these Terms of Use and will be enforced to the maximum extent permissible, and all other provisions of these Terms of Use will remain in full force and effect.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== Thank You! ==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
We appreciate your taking the time to read these Terms of Use, and we are very happy to have you contributing to the Projects and using our services. Through your contributions, you are helping to build something really big – not only an important collection of collaboratively edited reference Projects that provides education and information to millions who might otherwise lack access, but also a vibrant community of like-minded and engaged peers, focused on a very noble goal.
&lt;/div&gt;
----
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
'''These Terms of Use went into effect on June 7, 2023. Previous versions of the terms:'''
&lt;/div&gt;
* '''&lt;span class='plainlinks'&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;[{{fullurl:Policy:Terms_of_Use|oldid=98524}} Terms of Use (2014–2023)]: effective from June 16, 2014, until June 7, 2023&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;'''
* '''&lt;span class='plainlinks'&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;[{{fullurl:Policy:Terms_of_Use|oldid=82013}} Terms of Use (2012–2014)]: effective from May 24, 2012, until June 16, 2014&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;'''
* '''&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;[[Special:MyLanguage/Archive:Terms of Use (2009)|Terms of Use (2009)]]: effective from 2009 until May 24, 2012&lt;/span&gt;'''
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-weight:bold;&quot;&gt;{{Disclaimer for translation|textonly=yes}}&lt;/div&gt;

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