Vicipéid gawiki https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%ADomhleathanach MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.14 first-letter Meán Speisialta Plé Úsáideoir Plé úsáideora Vicipéid Plé Vicipéide Íomhá Plé íomhá MediaWiki Plé MediaWiki Teimpléad Plé teimpléid Cabhair Plé cabhrach Catagóir Plé catagóire TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 3825 1322817 1275904 2026-08-06T09:13:19Z Conradder 34685 /* Tarluithe eile */ 1322817 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Lúnasa}} Is é an '''6 Lúnasa''' an 218ú lá den bhliain de réir fhéilire Ghréagóra nó an 219ú lá i mbliain bhisigh. Tá 147 lá fágtha sa bhliain. == Féilte == * [[An Bholaiv]] - Lá na Saoirse ([[1825]]) * [[Iamáice]] - Lá na Saoirse ([[1962]]) *[[Claochlú an Tiarna]] == Daoine a rugadh ar an lá seo == * [[1775]] — [[Dónall Ó Conaill (Daniel O'Connell)|Dónall Ó Conaill]], tírghráthóir, polaiteoir (b. [[1847]]) * [[1809]] — [[Alfred, Lord Tennyson]], file Sasanach (b. [[1892]]) * [[1873]] — [[James O'Mara]], Polaiteoir Éireannach (b. [[1948]]) * [[1884]] — [[Nicholas Wall]], polaiteoir Éireannach (b. [[1939]]) * [[1904]] — [[Ballard Berkeley]], aisteoir Sasanach (b. [[1988]]) * [[1908]] — [[Will Lee]], aisteoir Meiriceánach (b. [[1982]]) * [[1911]] — [[Lucille Ball]], ban-aisteoir (b. [[1989]]) * [[1915]] — [[Tom O'Reilly (An Cabhán)|Tom O'Reilly]], polaiteoir Éireannach (b. [[1995]]) * [[1928]] — [[Andy Warhol]], ealaíontóir (b. [[1987]]) * [[1934]] — [[Diane di Prima]], scríbhneoir Meiriceánach (b. [[2020]]) * [[1937]] — [[Barbara Windsor]], ban-aisteoir Briotanach (b. [[2020]]) * [[1962]] — [[Michelle Yeoh]], ban-aisteoir Malaeisiach * [[1963]] — [[Kevin Mitnick]], haiceálaí Meiriceánach (b. [[2023]]) * [[1968]] — [[Jens Seipenbusch]], polaiteoir Gearmánach * [[1969]] — [[Elliott Smith]], amhránaí agus cumadóir Meiriceánach (b. [[2003]]) * [[1971]] — [[Conor McPherson]], drámadóir * [[1972]] — [[Geri Halliwell]], amhránaí Sasanach * [[1990]] — [[Eoghan Ó Murchú]], iománaí Éireannach * [[1993]] — [[James Tennyson]], dornálaí * [[1995]] — [[Rebecca Peterson]], imreoir leadóige Sualannach == Daoine a fuair bás ar an lá seo == * [[1637]] — [[Ben Jonson]], scríbhneoir Sasanach (r. [[1572]]) * [[1660]] — [[Diego Velázquez]], 61, péintéir (r. [[1599]]) * [[1850]] — [[Edward Walsh]], file Éireannach (r. [[1805]]} * [[1969]] — [[Theodor W. Adorno]], fealsamh, socheolaí, ceoleolaí agus cumadóir Gearmánach (r. [[1903]]) * [[1971]] — [[Paddy Clohessy]], polaiteoir agus iománaí Éireannach (r. [[1908]]) * [[1973]] — [[Fulgencio Batista]], 72, uachtarán agus deachtóir Chúba (r. [[1901]]) * [[1978]] — [[Pápa Pól VI]], 80, pápa ar an Eaglais Chaitliceach idir 1963 agus 1978 (r. [[1897]]) * [[2002]] — [[Edsger Dijkstra]], 72, ríomheolaí (r. [[1930]]) * [[2005]] — [[Robin Cook]], Polaiteoir Sasanach (r [[1946]]) * [[2012]] — [[Bernard Lovell]], fisiceoir agus réalteolaí raidió Sasanach (r. [[1913]]) == Tarluithe eile == * [[258]] - Gabhadh [[Pápa Sixtus II]] i rith dó [[Aifreann|an aifrinn]] a rá agus baineadh an ceann de agus de roinnt a dheagánach * [[1538]] - Bunaíodh [[Bogotá]], an Cholóim * [[1806]] - D'fhógair [[Proinsias II, Impire Naofa Rómhánach]] go bhfuil an [[An Impireacht Naofa Rómhánach|impireacht]] díscaoilte ach beidh smacht go fóill aige in [[Impireacht na hOstaire]] * [[1825]] - D'fhógair [[an Bhulgáir]] neamhspleáchas * [[1914]] - [[An Chéad Chogadh Domhanda]]: d'fhógair [[an tSeirbia]] cogadh ar [[Impireacht na Gearmáine|an Ghearmáin]], fosta, d'fhógair [[An Ostair-Ungáir|An Ostair]] cogadh ar [[Impireacht na Rúise|an Rúis]] * [[1940]] - D'ionghabh [[An tAontas Sóivéadach]] [[an Eastóin]] * [[1945]] - [[Dara Cogadh Domhanda]]: Scaoil na [[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|Stáit Aontaithe]] [[Buamáil Hiroshima agus Nagasaki|buama adamhach]] ar chathair [[Hiroshima]] sa [[An tSeapáin|tSeapáin]]. Maraíodh 70,000 ar an toirt agus gheobhaidh na mílte bás ina dhiaidh sin de dhónna agus [[galar radaíochta]] * [[1960]] - Réabhlóid Chúba: náisiúnaigh [[Cúba]] gach réadmhaoin le Meiriceánach agus le heachtrannach * [[1965]] - Bhain [[Iamáice]] neamhspleáchas amach ón Ríocht Aontaithe * [[1971]] - [[Seoltóireacht|Sheol]] fear amháin timpeall an domhain an bealach mícheart, soir go siar in aghaidh na gaoithe agus an tsrutha * [[1990]] - [[Cogadh na Murascaille]]: d'ordaigh Chomhairle Slándála [[na Náisiúin Aontaithe|na Náisiún Aontaithe]] trádbhac domhanda ar [[an Iaráic]] mar go ndearna siad ionradh ar [[Cuáit|Chuáit]] * [[1991]] - Chuir [[Tim Berners-Lee]] comhaid amach lena smaoineamh don [[An Gréasán Domhanda|Ghréasán Domhanda]] [[Catagóir:Dátaí|0806]] [[Catagóir:Míonna|Lúnasa, 6]] 1l60y6ofy8o3m766or0fvxj1sjfxnvo 0 48060 1322730 1205197 2026-08-05T22:13:24Z Wikipidéanach 68935 1322730 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Aerárthach}} [[Aerárthach]] caighdeánach le haghaidh trodaíocht aeir is ionsaí ar an talamh, á saothrú i gcomhar ag an nGearmáin, [[an Iodáil]], [[an Spáinn]] is [[an Ríocht Aontaithe]], le soláthar d'aerfhórsaí [[An Eoraip|na hEorpa]].<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Eurofighter|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=250}}</ref> Cuireadh tús leis an bhforbairt i 1983 agus tháinig sé i seirbhís i 2003. Tá thart ar 609 tógtha faoi Eanáir 2025. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol}} enr8q8isd6h1pp9uedfz7g4tgk7mqvj 0 52470 1322754 1322615 2026-08-06T02:52:17Z Wikipidéanach 68935 1322754 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Íomhá:Sinus und Kosinus am Einheitskreis 1.svg|mion]] Is brainse den [[Matamaitic|mhatamaitic]] í an '''triantánacht''' a bhaineann leis na gaolta idir taobhanna is uillinneacha triantáin, bunaithe ar an bhfíoras go mbíonn dhá [[Triantán (céimseata)|thriantán]] cosúil le chéile má bhíonn dronuillinn acu araon is uillinn amháin eile cosúil freisin. Sainmhínitear na feidhmeanna triantánúla mar choibhneasa na dtaobhanna i dtriantán dronuilleach. Is iad na feidhmeanna is coitinne, síneas (taobh urchomhaireach/taobhagán), comhshíneas (taobh cóngarach/taobhagán), agus tangant (taobh urchomhaireach/taobh cóngarach). Maidir le triantáin nach mbíonn dronuillinn iontu, is iad na torthaí is úsáidí ná an [[Foirmle|fhoirmle]] sínis a/sin A = b/sin B = c/sin C, agus an fhoirmle comhshínis a<small>²</small> = b<small>²</small> + c<small>²</small> – 2 b c cos A.<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Triantánacht|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=677}}</ref> == Stair == Rinne na [[An tSuiméir|Suiméaraigh]],<ref>{{cite book|title=Cambridge IGCSE Core Mathematics|edition=4th|first1=Ric|last1=Pimentel|first2=Terry|last2=Wall|author-link2=Terry Wall|publisher=Hachette UK|year=2018|isbn=978-1-5104-2058-8|page=275|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WcJWDwAAQBAJ}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=WcJWDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA275 Sliocht den leathanach 275]</ref> na Bablónaigh, agus na [[Núibiaigh|Núibigh]] ársa<ref>{{cite book|author=Otto Neugebauer|title=A history of ancient mathematical astronomy. 1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vO5FCVIxz2YC&pg=PA744|year=1975|publisher=Springer-Verlag|isbn=978-3-540-06995-9|page=744}}</ref> staidéar ar uillinneacha agus ar chóimheasa triantán, ach níor fhorbair siad riamh modh córasach chun triantáin a réiteach. Chuaigh réalteolaithe na Gréige níos faide. Rinne [[Hioparcas]] na chéad táblaí corda timpeall 140 RC{{sfnp|Thurston|1996|pp=[https://books.google.com/books?id=rNpHjqxQQ9oC&pg=PA235 235–236]|loc="Appendix 1: Hipparchus's Table of Chords"}} agus bhí táblaí [[Tolamaes]] san [[Almagest]]<ref name="toomer">{{Citation |last1=Toomer |first1=G. |title=Ptolemy's Almagest |year=1998 |publisher=Nuachtáin Ollscoil Princeton |bibcode=1998ptal.book.....T |isbn=978-0-691-00260-6 |author-link=Gerald J. Toomer}}</ref> in úsáid sa réalteolaíocht ar feadh 1200 bliain ina dhiaidh sin. Tháinig an síneas nua-aimseartha chun cinn sa Surya Siddhanta san India{{sfnp|Boyer|1991|p=215}} agus leathnaigh matamaiticeoirí Ioslamacha ar nós Abu al-Wafa{{sfn|Boyer|1991|p=238}} agus Nasir al-Din al-Tusi an réimse, agus rinne al-Tusi disciplín ar leith den triantánacht, neamhspleách ar an réalteolaíocht.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Al-Tusi_Nasir/|quote=One of al-Tusi's most important mathematical contributions was the creation of trigonometry as a mathematical discipline in its own right rather than as just a tool for astronomical applications. In Treatise on the quadrilateral al-Tusi gave the first extant exposition of the whole system of plane and spherical trigonometry. This work is really the first in history on trigonometry as an independent branch of pure mathematics and the first in which all six cases for a right-angled spherical triangle are set forth.|teideal=Nasir al-Din al-Tusi|website=[[MacTutor History of Mathematics archive]]|access-date=2021-01-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=the cambridge history of science|chapter=Islamic Mathematics|date=October 2013|volume=2|pages=62–83|publisher=Cambridge University Press|doi=10.1017/CHO9780511974007.004|isbn=9780521594486|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/the-cambridge-history-of-science/islamic-mathematics/4BF4D143150C0013552902EE270AF9C2|last1=Berggren|first1=J. L.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|title=ṬUSI, NAṢIR-AL-DIN i. Biography|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Iranica|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/tusi-nasir-al-din-bio|access-date=2018-08-05|quote=His major contribution in mathematics (Nasr, 1996, pp. 208–214) is said to be in trigonometry, which for the first time was compiled by him as a new discipline in its own right. Spherical trigonometry also owes its development to his efforts, and this includes the concept of the six fundamental formulas for the solution of spherical right-angled triangles.}}</ref><ref name="Britannica">{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/605281/trigonometry|teideal=trigonometry|publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]|access-date=2008-07-21}}</ref> Shroich an t-ábhar Iarthar na hEorpa trí aistriúcháin [[An Laidin|Laidine]] ar shaothair Ghréagacha agus Arabacha,{{sfnp|Boyer|1991|pp=237, 274}} rud as ar eascair De Triangulis le Regiomontanus<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Regiomontanus/|teideal=Johann Müller Regiomontanus|website=[[MacTutor History of Mathematics archive]]|access-date=2021-01-08}}</ref> agus sa bhliain 1595 chum Pitiscus an focal "triantánacht".<ref>{{cite book|author=Robert E. Krebs|title=Groundbreaking Scientific Experiments, Inventions, and Discoveries of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MTXdplfiz-cC&pg=PA153|year=2004|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-32433-8|page=153}}</ref> De bharr riachtanais na loingseoireachta agus na cartagrafaíochta, d'fhás an réimse ansin trí mhodh triantánaithe Frisius, an úsáid a bhain [[Leonhard Euler|Euler]] as uimhreacha coimpléascacha<ref>{{cite book|last=Grattan-Guinness|first=Ivor|year=1997|title=The Rainbow of Mathematics: A History of the Mathematical Sciences|publisher=W.W. Norton|isbn=978-0-393-32030-5}}</ref> agus sraitheanna triantánúla agus Taylor le Gregory, Maclaurin<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ewald|first=William Bragg|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AcuF0w-Qg08C&pg=PA93|title=From Kant to Hilbert Volume 1: A Source Book in the Foundations of Mathematics|date=2005-04-21|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-152309-0|language=en|page=93}}</ref> agus Taylor.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Dempski|first=Kelly|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zxdigX-KSZYC&pg=PA29|title=Focus on Curves and Surfaces|date=November 2002|publisher=Premier Press|isbn=978-1-59200-007-4|language=en|page=29}}</ref> == Feidhmeanna triantánúla == Léiríonn an tábla seo a leanas airíonna ghraif na sé fheidhm triantánúla:<ref name="Attenborough2003">{{cite book|author=Mary P Attenborough|title=Mathematics for Electrical Engineering and Computing|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CcwBLa1G8BUC&pg=PA418|date=30 June 2003|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-08-047340-6|page=418}}</ref><ref name="LarsonEdwards2008">{{cite book|author1=Ron Larson|author2=Bruce H. Edwards|title=Calculus of a Single Variable|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gR7nGg5_9xcC&pg=PA21|date=10 November 2008|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=978-0-547-20998-2|page=21}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" !Feidhm !Tréimhse !Fearann !Raon !Graf |- !síneas |<math>2\pi</math> |<math>(-\infty,\infty)</math> |<math>[-1,1]</math> |[[Íomhá:Sine_one_period.svg|200x200px]] |- !comhshíneas |<math>2\pi</math> |<math>(-\infty,\infty)</math> |<math>[-1,1]</math> |[[Íomhá:Cosine_one_period.svg|200x200px]] |- !tangant |<math>\pi</math> |<math>x \neq \pi/2+n\pi</math> |<math>(-\infty,\infty)</math> |[[Íomhá:Tangent-plot.svg|200x200px]] |- !seiceant |<math>2\pi</math> |<math>x \neq \pi/2 + n\pi</math> |<math>(-\infty,-1] \cup [1,\infty)</math> |[[Íomhá:Secant.svg|200x200px]] |- !comhsheiceant |<math>2\pi</math> |<math>x \neq n\pi</math> |<math>(-\infty,-1] \cup [1,\infty)</math> |[[Íomhá:Cosecant.svg|200x200px]] |- !comhthangant |<math>\pi</math> |<math>x \neq n\pi</math> |<math>(-\infty,\infty)</math> |[[Íomhá:Cotangent.svg|200x200px]] |} == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol}} by4bvnxkakwvzfx4wqz9swr7o0o5kz9 0 65118 1322838 1315063 2026-08-06T11:02:11Z TGcoa 21229 1322838 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}} [[Íomhá:Saoirse Ronan September 2015 (cropped).jpg|mion|clé|Saoirse Ronan: premiere de Brooklyn, 2015 |325x325px]] Ban-aisteoir [[Éire]]annach agus Meiriceánach is ea '''Saoirse Úna Ronan''' a rugadh sna [[Bronx]] i [[Nua-Eabhrac (cathair)|Nua-Eabhrac]] ar [[12 Aibreán]] [[1994]]. Thuill sí clú idirnáisiúnta den chéad uair sa scannán úd ón mbliain 2007 ''Atonement''. Ainmníodh í do Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress ag an am i measc gradam eile. I mí Feabhra na bliana 2016 chuaigh ar stáitse Broadway den chéad uair mar Abigail Williams in athstáitsiú an dráma ''The Crucible''. ==Naisc sheachtracha== * [http://www.imdb.com/name/nm1519680/ Saoirse Ronan ag an Independent Movie Database. Arna rochtain ar 17-N-2015] {{Síol-aisteoir}} {{Síol-scannán}} {{Síol-tv}} {{Síol-beath-ie}} {{Síol-beath-us}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ronan, Saoirse}} [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1994]] [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Aisteoirí as Nua-Eabhrac]] [[Catagóir:Aisteoirí teilifíse Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Ban-aisteoirí Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Ban-aisteoirí Meiriceánacha]] [[Catagóir:Buaiteoirí gradam Ban-Aisteoir is Fearr i gCoiméide nó Ceoldráma sna gradaim Golden Globe]] [[Catagóir:Caitlicigh Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Daoine as Cathair Nua-Eabhrac]] [[Catagóir:Feiminigh Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Meiriceánaigh de bhunadh na hÉireann]] [[Catagóir:Mná Éireannacha]] cplkiz9mzbeoh38tf2n0x29thu68j68 0 82314 1322729 1166096 2026-08-05T21:10:40Z Ériugena 188 1322729 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is speiceas fungas é '''''Coprinus comatus''''', ar a dtugtar '''an chaidhp dhubh ghiobach''' agus '''an chaidhp mhosach'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Coprinus%20comatus/|title=“Coprinus comatus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> . Bíonn na spórthorthaí óga le feiceáil den chéad uair mar sorcóirí bána ag teacht chun cinn as an talamh, ansin osclaíonn na cloigíní clogchruthacha amach. Bíonn na caipíní bána clúdaíthe le scálaí, bunús a ainmneacha coitianta. Is iad na geolbhaigh faoi bhun an chaipín bán ar dtús, ansin bándearg, ansin casann siad dubh. .<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Coprinus%20comatus/|title=“Coprinus comatus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> ==Naisc sheachtrachɑ== * [https://botit.botany.wisc.edu/toms_fungi/may2004.html Tom Volk's Fungus of the Month for May 2004] == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Caidhp dhubh ghiobach}} [[Catagóir:Fungais]] 95170tqk7r7l0ag15i5ovw94kfbazz6 0 93176 1322780 1195773 2026-08-06T08:22:45Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322780 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is cruidín beag é '''an murlach mara''' (''Alcedo atthis''), ar a dtugtar freisin '''an cruidín''',<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Alcedo%20atthis/|title=“Alcedo atthis” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-22}}</ref> le seacht bhfospeicis aitheanta laistigh dá dháileadh leathan trasna na h[[An Eoráise|Eoráise]] agus [[An Afraic Thuaidh|na hAfraice Thuaidh]]. Tá sé ina chónaí i gcuid mhór dá raon, ach aistríonn sé ó cheantair ina reonn aibhneacha sa gheimhreadh. Níl siad flúirseach agus is annamh a fheictear iad, ach ag eitilt taistealann siad go híseal ar luas suas le fiche míle san uair agus preabann na sciatháin chomh tapa sin nach bhfuil ach néal beag deataigh le feiceáil, álainn, gorm agus é ag dul thart. ==Tacsanomaíocht == Rinne Carl Linnaeus cur síos ar an muhrlach mara den chéad uair sa 10ú eagrán dá ''Systema Naturae'', sa bhliain 1758 mar ''Gracula atthis'' .] Eascraíonn an t-ainm déthéarmach nua-aimseartha ón Laidin ''alcēdō'' (ón nGréigis πλλκυν, ''alkuṓn''), agus Atthis, bean óg álainn ó Lesbos, agus an ceann is ansa ag Safó. Cuimsíonn an géineas ''Alcedo'' seacht gcruidín beag a itheann éisc mar chuid dá n-aiste bia. Is é ''Alcedo coerulescens'' an gaol is gaire dó a bhfuil fo-chodanna bána aige agus tá sé le fáil i gcodanna den Indinéis.chuid íochtair iascaire ceireach a bhfuil codanna bána ann agus atá le fáil i gcodanna den Indinéis. == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Murlach mara}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Alcedo]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] [[Catagóir:Éin na hEoráise]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas is lú imní de chuid an AICD]] arl92chz52jao8oldtdvzl5iq2j8ms7 4 95192 1322708 1322311 2026-08-05T12:23:58Z ListeriaBot 25319 Wikidata list updated [V2] 1322708 wikitext text/x-wiki Seo a leanas liosta mná Éireannacha gan leathanach ar Vicipéid: {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item ?linkcount WHERE { ?item wdt:P27|wdt:P17|wdt:P495|wdt:P1532 wd:Q27 . FILTER NOT EXISTS { # has no en.wikipedia sitelink ?wen schema:about ?item . ?wen schema:isPartOf <https://ga.wikipedia.org/> . } ?item wdt:P21 wd:Q6581072 . # gender: female ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q5 . # human OPTIONAL {?item wikibase:sitelinks ?linkcount .} # count of sitelinks } limit 1000 |sort=P569 |columns=label:name,P18,description,P106,P569,P570,P19,P20,item:nasc wikidata,?linkcount:méid naisc |thumb=40 |autolist=fallback |links=red |summary=itemnumber }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! name ! íomhá ! description ! gairm ! dáta breithe ! dáta báis ! áit bhreithe ! áit bháis ! nasc wikidata ! méid naisc |- | [[Juliana FitzGerald, Lady of Thomond]] | | uasal Éireannach | | data-sort-value="1263" | 1263 | data-sort-value="1300" | 1300-09-24 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q3811097|Q3811097]] | 3 |- | [[Margaret FitzGerald, Cuntaois Urumhan]] | [[Íomhá:Unknown early 15th century lady on palimpsest chest tomb of Piers Butler, 8th Earl of Ormond (1467-1539), St Canice's Cathedral, Kilkenny, supposed to represent his wife Margaret Fitzgerald.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] person (1401–1542) ♀; child of [[Gearóid Mór Mac Gearailt]] agus Alison Eustace; spouse of Piers Butler, 8ú hIarla Urumhan | | data-sort-value="1401" | 15th century | data-sort-value="1542" | 1542-08-09 | | [[Cill Chainnigh]] | [[:d:Q208901|Q208901]] | 4 |- | [[Elizabeth Stanhope]] | [[Íomhá:Elizabeth Countess of Chesterfield.png|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] person (1640–1665) ♀; child of James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde agus Elizabeth Butler; spouse of Philip Stanhope | | data-sort-value="1640" | 1640-06-29 | data-sort-value="1665" | 1665-07 | [[Caisleán Chill Chainnigh]] | | [[:d:Q245681|Q245681]] | 3 |- | [[Grizel Steevens]] | [[Íomhá:Grizell Steevens.png|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[Ríocht na Breataine Móire|ríocht na breataine móire]] benefactor (1653–1746) ♀ | [[benefactor]] | data-sort-value="1653" | 1653 | data-sort-value="1746" | 1746 | [[Sasana]] | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[:d:Q1124291|Q1124291]] | 3 |- | [[Elizabeth Aldworth]] | [[Íomhá:MrsAldworth.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] uasal (1692–1773) ♀; child of Arthur St Leger, 1st Viscount Doneraile agus Elizabeth Hayes; spouse of Richard Aldworth | [[uasal]] | data-sort-value="1692" | 1692<br/>1695 | data-sort-value="1773" | 1773<br/>1772-05-11 | [[Dún ar Aill]] | [[Contae Chorcaí]] | [[:d:Q1773537|Q1773537]] | 11 |- | [[Elizabeth Griffith]] | [[Íomhá:Elizabeth griffith.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[An Bhreatain Bheag|breatnach]] aisteoir stáitse, [[Scríbhneoir|scríbhneoir]], scríbhneoir aistí, drámadóir agus [[Aisteoir|aisteoir]] (1727–1793) ♀ | [[aisteoir stáitse]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir aistí]]<br/>[[drámadóir]]<br/>[[aisteoir]] | data-sort-value="1727" | 1727-10-11 | data-sort-value="1793" | 1793-01-05 | [[Sir Forgannwg]] | [[Cill Dara]] | [[:d:Q1331217|Q1331217]] | 7 |- | [[Nano Nagle]] | [[Íomhá:Nano Nagle.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] bean rialta Chríostaí, ban-ab (1728–1784) ♀ | [[bean rialta Chríostaí]] | data-sort-value="1728" | 1728 | data-sort-value="1784" | 1784-04-20 | [[Contae Chorcaí]] | [[Corcaigh]] | [[:d:Q596669|Q596669]] | 11 |- | [[Amelia Curran]] | | péintéir Éireannach (1775–1847) | [[péintéir]] | data-sort-value="1775" | 1775 | data-sort-value="1847" | 1847 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[an Róimh]] | [[:d:Q2842660|Q2842660]] | 10 |- | [[Catherine McAuley]] | [[Íomhá:Photo mcauley.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] duine rialta, [[Bean rialta|bean rialta]] agus [[Altra|altra]] (1778–1841) ♀ | [[duine rialta]]<br/>[[bean rialta]]<br/>[[altra]] | data-sort-value="1778" | 1778-09-29 | data-sort-value="1841" | 1841-11-11 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[:d:Q2736460|Q2736460]] | 15 |- | [[Anna Maria Hall]] | [[Íomhá:Forlorn-hope-amhall.png|center|40px]] | úrscéalaí Éireannach | [[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[úrscéalaí]]<br/>[[iriseoir]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir litríocht pháistí]]<br/>[[eagarthóir]]<br/>[[daonchara]] | data-sort-value="1800" | 1800-01-06 | data-sort-value="1881" | 1881-01-30 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[Molesey]] | [[:d:Q562000|Q562000]] | 16 |- | [[Barbara Arbuthnott]] | [[Íomhá:Barbara Arbuthnott og Lars Olsen Hoås SU-L01.0296 (cropped).jpg|center|40px]] | scríbhneoir | [[feirmeoir]] | data-sort-value="1822" | 1822-09-05 | data-sort-value="1904" | 1904-08-28 | [[An Teampall Mór]] | | [[:d:Q4858720|Q4858720]] | 4 |- | [[Ismania Nugent]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] bean choimhdeachta, Lady of the Bedchamber (1838–1918) ♀; child of Walter Nugent, 1st Baron Nugent agus Georgiana Elizabeth Jenkinson; spouse of Charles FitzRoy, 3rd Baron Southampton | [[bean choimhdeachta]] | data-sort-value="1838" | 1838-09-23 | data-sort-value="1918" | 1918-08-18 | [[Éire]] | | [[:d:Q3802599|Q3802599]] | 2 |- | [[Joanna Hiffernan]] | [[Íomhá:Courbe Portrait de Jo.jpg|center|40px]] | mainicín Éireannach | [[mainicín ealaíne]]<br/>[[péintéir]]<br/>[[Mainicín faisin|mainicín]] | data-sort-value="1843" | 1843 | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century<br/>1903 | [[Luimneach]] | [[Holborn]] | [[:d:Q457483|Q457483]] | 15 |- | [[Ellen (Nellie) Cashman]] | [[Íomhá:Ellen Cashman.gif|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] taiscéalaí, bialannaí agus prospector (1845–1925) ♀; Alaska Women's Hall of Fame, Arizona Women's Hall of Fame, National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame agus Alaska Mining Hall of Fame | [[taiscéalaí]]<br/>[[bialannaí]]<br/>[[prospector]] | data-sort-value="1845" | 1845-08-25 | data-sort-value="1925" | 1925-01-04 | [[An Cóbh]] | [[Victoria, an Cholóim Bhriotanach|Victoria]] | [[:d:Q602294|Q602294]] | 8 |- | [[Fanny Parnell]] | [[Íomhá:Miss Fanny Parnell 1882.jpg|center|40px]] | file Éireannach (1848 – 1882) | [[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[file]] | data-sort-value="1848" | 1848-09-04 | data-sort-value="1882" | 1882-07-20 | | | [[:d:Q3066476|Q3066476]] | 5 |- | [[George Egerton]] | [[Íomhá:George Egerton in the 1930s.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|Briotanach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]]-[[An Astráil|astrálach]] [[Scríbhneoir|scríbhneoir]], drámadóir, [[Úrscéalaí|úrscéalaí]] agus aistritheoir (1859–1945) ♀; child of John Joseph Dunne agus Elizabeth George; spouse of Reginald Edward Golding Bright, Henry Peter Higginson agus Egerton Clairmonte | [[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[drámadóir]]<br/>[[úrscéalaí]]<br/>[[aistritheoir]] | data-sort-value="1859" | 1859-12-14<br/>1860 | data-sort-value="1945" | 1945-08-12 | [[an Astráil]] | [[Londain]] | [[:d:Q273207|Q273207]] | 10 |- | [[May Langrishe]] | | imreoir leadóige Éireannach | [[imreoir leadóige]] | data-sort-value="1864" | 1864-12-31 | data-sort-value="1939" | 1939-01-24 | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éire]] | [[Charmouth]] | [[:d:Q1727762|Q1727762]] | 4 |- | [[Louisa Martin]] | [[Íomhá:Mollie martin.jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir leadóige Éireannach | [[imreoir leadóige]] | data-sort-value="1865" | 1865-09-03 | data-sort-value="1941" | 1941-10-24 | [[An Dúcharraig]] | [[Port Rois]] | [[:d:Q1395948|Q1395948]] | 12 |- | [[Lena Rice]] | [[Íomhá:Lena rice.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus na hÉireann|Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus na hÉireann]] imreoir leadóige (1866–1907) ♀ | [[imreoir leadóige]] | data-sort-value="1866" | 1866-06-21 | data-sort-value="1907" | 1907-06-21 | [[Loch Ceann]] | [[Loch Ceann]] | [[:d:Q267303|Q267303]] | 22 |- | [[M. Obré]] | [[Íomhá:Ireland England 1903.jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1870" | 1870s | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | [[:d:Q55739841|Q55739841]] | 1 |- | [[Annie Moore]] | [[Íomhá:Annie Moore.png|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|meiriceánach]] person (1874–1924) ♀ | | data-sort-value="1874" | 1874-04-24 | data-sort-value="1924" | 1924-12-06 | [[Corcaigh]] | [[Manhattan]] | [[:d:Q529195|Q529195]] | 6 |- | [[Hilda Chater]] | | [[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus na hÉireann|Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus na hÉireann]]-[[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|briotanach]] imreoir fichille (1874–1968) ♀ | [[imreoir fichille]] | data-sort-value="1874" | 1874-08-28 | data-sort-value="1968" | 1968-11-27 | | | [[:d:Q105722375|Q105722375]] | 4 |- | [[Bickford]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1875" | 1875 | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | [[:d:Q55739807|Q55739807]] | 0 |- | [[T. D. Good-Carroll]] | [[Íomhá:Ireland England 1903.jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1879" | 1879-11-01 | data-sort-value="1958" | 1958-02-21 | [[An Charraig Dhubh]] | [[Droichead na Dothra]] | [[:d:Q27044123|Q27044123]] | 3 |- | [[Sara Allgood]] | [[Íomhá:Sara Allgood 1939.JPG|center|40px]] | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir stáitse]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]]<br/>[[aisteoir]] | data-sort-value="1880" | 1880-10-30<br/>1883 | data-sort-value="1950" | 1950-09-13 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[Woodland Hills]] | [[:d:Q238070|Q238070]] | 30 |- | [[Mary Dickenson-Auner]] | | cumadóir Éireannach | [[cumadóir]]<br/>[[veidhleadóir]] | data-sort-value="1880" | 1880-10-24 | data-sort-value="1965" | 1965-05-25 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[Vín]] | [[:d:Q1719083|Q1719083]] | 4 |- | [[Irene Hamilton]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1880" | 1880s | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | [[:d:Q55739833|Q55739833]] | 0 |- | [[Manders]] | [[Íomhá:Mrs Manders.jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1880" | 1880s | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | [[:d:Q55739843|Q55739843]] | 1 |- | [[Hazlett]] | [[Íomhá:Irish International Badminton team 1909.jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1880" | 1880s | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | [[:d:Q84044654|Q84044654]] | 1 |- | [[Louisa Plews]] | [[Íomhá:Irish International Badminton team 1912.jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1881" | 1881 | data-sort-value="1969" | 1969-12-10 | | [[Baile na Lobhar]] | [[:d:Q55739855|Q55739855]] | 1 |- | [[Beatrice Elvery]] | [[Íomhá:William Orpen Bridgit.JPG|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] péintéir, ealaíontóir gloine daite, dealbhóir agus maisitheoir (fl. 1904–1970) (1881–1970) ♀ | [[péintéir]]<br/>[[ealaíontóir gloine daite]]<br/>[[dealbhóir]]<br/>[[maisitheoir]] | data-sort-value="1883" | 1883-04-30 | data-sort-value="1970" | 1970-05-21 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q4877145|Q4877145]] | 4 |- | [[Storey]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1885" | 1885 | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | [[:d:Q55739860|Q55739860]] | 0 |- | [[H. Pigot]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1887" | 1887 | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | [[:d:Q65554314|Q65554314]] | 0 |- | [[C. Johnstone]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1888" | 1888 | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | [[:d:Q27574560|Q27574560]] | 0 |- | [[Nora Lambert]] | [[Íomhá:Miss Lambert.jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1888" | 1888 | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | [[:d:Q65554502|Q65554502]] | 1 |- | [[F. O. D. Trench]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1889" | 1889 | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | [[:d:Q27574551|Q27574551]] | 0 |- | [[E. F. Stewart]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1890" | 1890s | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | [[:d:Q55739822|Q55739822]] | 0 |- | [[Bridget Dowling]] | [[Íomhá:Bridget Dowling Hitler NYWTS.jpg|center|40px]] | céilí Alois Hitler | [[scríbhneoir]] | data-sort-value="1891" | 1891-07-03 | data-sort-value="1969" | 1969-11-18 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[Long Island]] | [[:d:Q454576|Q454576]] | 16 |- | [[Patricia Collinge]] | [[Íomhá:Patricia-collinge-trailer.jpg|center|40px]] | ban-aisteoir Meiriceánach | [[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir stáitse]]<br/>[[aisteoir teilifíse]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir scripte]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]]<br/>[[aisteoir]] | data-sort-value="1892" | 1892-09-20 | data-sort-value="1974" | 1974-04-10 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[Nua-Eabhrac (cathair)|Nua-Eabhrac]] | [[:d:Q177208|Q177208]] | 20 |- | [[Dorothy Colpoys]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1894" | 1894-11-26 | data-sort-value="1980" | 1980 | [[Surrey]] | [[Devon]] | [[:d:Q27783241|Q27783241]] | 2 |- | [[A. M. Head]] | [[Íomhá:Mrs A.M. Head.jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1895" | 1895 | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | [[:d:Q15290937|Q15290937]] | 4 |- | [[Enid Starkie]] | | léirmheastóir liteartha Éireannach | [[múinteoir ollscoile]]<br/>[[beathaisnéisí]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[focleolaí]] | data-sort-value="1897" | 1897-08-18 | data-sort-value="1970" | 1970-04-21 | [[Cill Iníon Léinín]] | | [[:d:Q1343100|Q1343100]] | 3 |- | [[Ninette de Valois]] | [[Íomhá:Ninette de Valois (1974).jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|briotanach]] damhsóir bailé, cóiréagrafaí, leabhrógaí, máistir bailé, [[Scríbhneoir|scríbhneoir]], múinteoir bailé, [[Stiúrthóir scannán|stiúrthóir scannán]], ballet director agus damhsóir (1898–2001) ♀; Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur‎, Gradam Laurence Olivier, Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire, Duais Erasmus, Companion of Honour, Ord Fiúntais, Bonn Albert, Society of London Theatre Special Award, Critics' Circle Award for Distinguished Service to the Arts agus Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Award; member of Acadamh Ealaíona agus Eolaíochtaí Mheiriceá; child of Thomas Robert Alexander Stannus agus Elizabeth Graydon Smith; spouse of Arthur Blackall Connell | [[damhsóir bailé]]<br/>[[cóiréagrafaí]]<br/>[[leabhrógaí]]<br/>[[máistir bailé]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[múinteoir bailé]]<br/>[[stiúrthóir scannán]]<br/>[[ballet director]]<br/>[[damhsóir]] | data-sort-value="1898" | 1898-06-06 | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-03-08 | [[Baile Coimín]] | [[Londain]] | [[:d:Q234436|Q234436]] | 34 |- | [[Elizabeth Bowen]] | [[Íomhá:Elizabeth Bowen (cropped).png|center|40px]] | scríbhneoir Éireannach | [[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[úrscéalaí]]<br/>[[gearrscéalaí]] | data-sort-value="1899" | 1899-06-07 | data-sort-value="1973" | 1973-02-22 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[Londain]] | [[:d:Q235308|Q235308]] | 43 |- | [[Eileen Percy]] | [[Íomhá:Eileen Percy - Aug 14 1920 EH.jpg|center|40px]] | aisteoir Gael-Mheiriceánach (1900-1973) | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]] | data-sort-value="1900" | 1900-08-21 | data-sort-value="1973" | 1973-07-29 | [[Béal Feirste]] | [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]] | [[:d:Q2070491|Q2070491]] | 12 |- | [[D. Anderson]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1900" | 1900s | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | [[:d:Q55739817|Q55739817]] | 0 |- | [[D. Pilkington]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1900" | 1900s | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | [[:d:Q55739819|Q55739819]] | 0 |- | [[Muriel Homan]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1900" | 1900s | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | [[:d:Q55739840|Q55739840]] | 0 |- | [[Iris Origo]] | [[Íomhá:Iris Origo Donata.jpg|center|40px]] | scríbhneoir Briotanach | [[staraí]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[feirmeoir]]<br/>[[beathaisnéisí]]<br/>[[dialannaí]] | data-sort-value="1902" | 1902-08-15 | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-06-28 | [[Gloucestershire]] | [[Siena]] | [[:d:Q518613|Q518613]] | 8 |- | [[Mary Katherine Herbert]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] spiaire agus gníomhaire SOE (1903–1983) ♀; spouse of Claude de Baissac | [[spiaire]]<br/>[[gníomhaire SOE]] | data-sort-value="1903" | 1903-10-01 | data-sort-value="1983" | 1983-01-23 | [[Cas-gwent]] | [[Frant]] | [[:d:Q3296186|Q3296186]] | 6 |- | [[Ellen Organ]] | [[Íomhá:Little Nellie of Holy God.gif|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] misteach agus visionary (1903–1908) ♀ | [[misteach]]<br/>[[visionary]] | data-sort-value="1903" | 1903-08-24 | data-sort-value="1908" | 1908-02-02 | [[Port Láirge]] | [[Corcaigh]] | [[:d:Q3337916|Q3337916]] | 5 |- | [[Derreen Good]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1904" | 1904-08-15 | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q55739818|Q55739818]] | 1 |- | [[Norma Stoker]] | [[Íomhá:Norma Stoker.jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir leadóige]]<br/>[[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1905" | 1905-03-26 | data-sort-value="1962" | 1962-08-21 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[Contae Bhaile Átha Cliath]] | [[:d:Q1999289|Q1999289]] | 5 |- | [[Olive Wilson]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1905" | 1905 | data-sort-value="1948" | 1948 | [[Doire]] | | [[:d:Q2019968|Q2019968]] | 2 |- | [[Edel Quinn]] | [[Íomhá:Edel Quinn.png|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] misinéir (1907–1944) ♀ | [[misinéir]] | data-sort-value="1907" | 1907-09-14 | data-sort-value="1944" | 1944-05-12 | [[Ceann Toirc]] | [[Nairobi]] | [[:d:Q443996|Q443996]] | 14 |- | [[G. Good]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1908" | 1908 | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | [[:d:Q65554295|Q65554295]] | 0 |- | [[Christabel Bielenberg]] | | [[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|Briotanach]]-[[An Ghearmáin|gearmánach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]] [[Scríbhneoir|scríbhneoir]] agus trodaí frithbheartaíochta (1909–2003) ♀; Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany; child of Percy Collingwood Burton agus Christabel Rose Harmsworth; spouse of Peter Bielenberg | [[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[trodaí frithbheartaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1909" | 1909-06-18 | data-sort-value="2003" | 2003-11-02 | [[Londain]] | [[An Tulach]] | [[:d:Q97287|Q97287]] | 7 |- | [[Margaret Kelly]] | [[Íomhá:MargaretKellyYoung.JPG|center|40px]] | damhsóir Éireannach | [[bainisteoir]]<br/>[[cóiréagrafaí]]<br/>[[damhsóir]] | data-sort-value="1910" | 1910-06-24 | data-sort-value="2004" | 2004-09-11 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[Páras]] | [[:d:Q1747577|Q1747577]] | 8 |- | [[Eileen Goulding]] | [[Íomhá:Irish Leinster Interprovincial Badminton team 1936.jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1910" | 1910s | | | | [[:d:Q84044350|Q84044350]] | 1 |- | [[Billy Kelly]] | [[Íomhá:Billie Kelly.jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1910" | 1910s | | | | [[:d:Q84044367|Q84044367]] | 1 |- | [[Mavis Macnaughton]] | [[Íomhá:Mavis Hamilton.jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1911" | 1911-09-14 | data-sort-value="1958" | 1958-11 | [[Ráth Domhnaigh]] | | [[:d:Q1647577|Q1647577]] | 5 |- | [[G. Carty]] | [[Íomhá:Badminton 1939.JPG|center|40px]] | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1911" | 1911 | | | | [[:d:Q65554294|Q65554294]] | 1 |- | [[Marguerite Dockrell]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] snámhóir (1912–1983) ♀; child of [[Henry Morgan Dockrell]] | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="1912" | 1912-03-10 | data-sort-value="1983" | 1983-09 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[Northampton]] | [[:d:Q23936583|Q23936583]] | 4 |- | [[Geraldine Fitzgerald]] | [[Íomhá:Geraldine-Fitzgerald-August-1944.jpg|center|40px]] | ban-aisteoir Gael-Mheiriceánach | [[amhránaí]]<br/>[[aisteoir stáitse]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]]<br/>[[aisteoir teilifíse]]<br/>[[stiúrthóir drámaíochta]]<br/>[[aisteoir]] | data-sort-value="1913" | 1913-11-24 | data-sort-value="2005" | 2005-07-17 | [[Na Clocha Liatha]] | [[Upper East Side]] | [[:d:Q236396|Q236396]] | 38 |- | [[Joan Frances Plews]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1913" | 1913-11-11 | | [[An Charraig Dhubh]] | | [[:d:Q140067864|Q140067864]] | 0 |- | [[Joyce Redman]] | | aisteoir Angla-Éireannach | [[aisteoir teilifíse]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]]<br/>[[aisteoir stáitse]]<br/>[[aisteoir]]<br/>[[amharclannóir]] | data-sort-value="1915" | 1915-12-09 | data-sort-value="2012" | 2012-05-10 | [[Gosforth]] | [[Pembury]] | [[:d:Q442956|Q442956]] | 17 |- | [[Dorothy Donaldson]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]]<br/>[[imreoir haca]] | data-sort-value="1915" | 1915 | data-sort-value="2011" | 2011-09-04 | [[Port Láirge]] | | [[:d:Q1250293|Q1250293]] | 4 |- | [[E. Hall]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1915" | 1915 | | | | [[:d:Q134423755|Q134423755]] | 0 |- | [[Bridie O'Flaherty]] | | polaiteoir Éireannach | [[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="1917" | 1917-10-27 | data-sort-value="2006" | 2006-01-12 | | [[Gaillimh]] | [[:d:Q914007|Q914007]] | 2 |- | [[Maeve Brennan]] | | scríbhneoir Éireannach | [[iriseoir]]<br/>[[léirmheastóir liteartha]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[úrscéalaí]]<br/>[[colúnaí]] | data-sort-value="1917" | 1917-01-06 | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-11-01 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[Nua-Eabhrac (cathair)|Nua-Eabhrac]] | [[:d:Q1883652|Q1883652]] | 9 |- | [[Margaret Barry]] | | ceoltóir Éireannach | [[bainseóí]]<br/>[[amhránaí]]<br/>[[ceoltóir]] | data-sort-value="1917" | 1917 | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989 | [[Corcaigh]] | [[Baile Labhráis]] | [[:d:Q2073268|Q2073268]] | 4 |- | [[Marie Kean]] | | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir scannáin]]<br/>[[aisteoir]] | data-sort-value="1918" | 1918-06-27 | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-12-29 | [[An Ros, Contae Bhaile Átha Cliath|An Ros]] | [[Domhnach Broc]] | [[:d:Q3292619|Q3292619]] | 7 |- | [[Josie MacAvin]] | | dearthóir seit | [[dearthóir léiriúchán]] | data-sort-value="1919" | 1919-04-23 | data-sort-value="2005" | 2005-01-26 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[Baile na Manach]] | [[:d:Q178716|Q178716]] | 8 |- | [[Barbara Good]] | [[Íomhá:Barbara J. Good.jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1920" | 1920 | | | | [[:d:Q807442|Q807442]] | 3 |- | [[Elizabeth Shaw]] | [[Íomhá:Elizabeth Shaw (1989) by Guenter Prust.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] scigealaíontóir, maisitheoir, cartúnaí, maisitheoir, ealaíontóir grafach, [[Grianghrafadóir|grianghrafadóir]], [[Scríbhneoir|scríbhneoir]] agus scríbhneoir litríocht pháistí (1920–1992) ♀; Gutenberg Prize | [[scigealaíontóir]]<br/>[[maisitheoir]]<br/>[[cartúnaí]]<br/>[[ealaíontóir grafach]]<br/>[[grianghrafadóir]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir litríocht pháistí]] | data-sort-value="1920" | 1920-05-04 | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-06-27 | [[Béal Feirste]] | [[Beirlín]] | [[:d:Q1331314|Q1331314]] | 3 |- | [[Eilís Dillon]] | | scríbhneoir Éireannach | [[file]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir litríocht pháistí]] | data-sort-value="1920" | 1920-03-07 | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-07-19 | [[Gaillimh]] | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[:d:Q1567235|Q1567235]] | 9 |- | [[Nora Conway]] | [[Íomhá:Badminton 1939.JPG|center|40px]] | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1920" | 1920s | data-sort-value="2010" | 2010s | | | [[:d:Q6457791|Q6457791]] | 3 |- | [[B. Potter]] | | imreoir badmantain Éireannach | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1920" | 1920s | | | | [[:d:Q55739806|Q55739806]] | 0 |- | [[Leland Bardwell]] | | scríbhneoir Éireannach | [[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[file]]<br/>[[drámadóir]] | data-sort-value="1922" | 1922-02-25 | data-sort-value="2016" | 2016-06-28 | [[Chennai]] | [[Sligeach]] | [[:d:Q1816611|Q1816611]] | 4 |- | [[V. H. Gillespie]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1923" | 1923 | | | | [[:d:Q65554623|Q65554623]] | 0 |- | [[Mary Catherine Tinney]] | | taidhleoir Éireannach | [[taidhleoir]] | data-sort-value="1924" | 1924-02-15 | data-sort-value="2006" | 2006-11-22 | [[Albain]] | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[:d:Q1410325|Q1410325]] | 3 |- | [[Sheila Manahan]] | | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]] | data-sort-value="1924" | 1924-01-01 | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-03-29 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[Londain]] | [[:d:Q1414336|Q1414336]] | 4 |- | [[Anna Manahan]] | | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir stáitse]] | data-sort-value="1924" | 1924-10-18 | data-sort-value="2009" | 2009-03-08 | [[Contae Phort Láirge]] | [[Port Láirge]] | [[:d:Q2358194|Q2358194]] | 7 |- | [[Peggy Cummins]] | [[Íomhá:Peggy Cummins. Promotion 1950.jpg|center|40px]] | ban-aisteoir Éireannach a rugadh sa Bhreatain Bheag | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir stáitse]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]] | data-sort-value="1925" | 1925-12-18 | data-sort-value="2017" | 2017-12-29 | [[Prestatyn]] | [[Londain]] | [[:d:Q441467|Q441467]] | 20 |- | [[Doreen Keogh]] | | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]] | data-sort-value="1925" | 1925-05-02<br/>1924-04-10 | data-sort-value="2017" | 2017-12-31 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[Baile Mhic Andáin]] | [[:d:Q2018740|Q2018740]] | 5 |- | [[B. Curran]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1925" | 1925 | | | | [[:d:Q65554200|Q65554200]] | 0 |- | [[W. Swann]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1925" | 1925 | | | | [[:d:Q134573262|Q134573262]] | 0 |- | [[Anne McCaffrey]] | [[Íomhá:Anne McCaffrey 2005.JPG|center|40px]] | úrscéalaí Gael-Mheiriceánach | [[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[úrscéalaí]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir ficsean eolaíochta]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir litríocht pháistí]] | data-sort-value="1926" | 1926-04-01 | data-sort-value="2011" | 2011-11-21 | [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]] | [[An Caisleán Nua, Contae Chill Mhantáin|An Caisleán Nua]] | [[:d:Q233046|Q233046]] | 40 |- | [[Alice Glenn]] | | polaiteoir Éireannach | [[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="1927" | 1927-12-17 | data-sort-value="2011" | 2011-12-16 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[Deilginis]] | [[:d:Q2646906|Q2646906]] | 2 |- | [[Jean Kennedy Smith]] | [[Íomhá:Jean Kennedy c1953.jpg|center|40px]] | taidhleoir Gael-Mheiriceánach | [[taidhleoir]] | data-sort-value="1928" | 1928-02-20 | data-sort-value="2020" | 2020-06-17 | [[Bostún, Massachusetts|Bostún]] | [[Nua-Eabhrac (cathair)|Nua-Eabhrac]] | [[:d:Q272401|Q272401]] | 30 |- | [[Mona Baptiste]] | | [[Oileán na Tríonóide agus Tobága|Oileán na Tríonóide agus Tobága]]-[[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|briotanach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]] [[Aisteoir|aisteoir]], [[Amhránaí|amhránaí]] agus [[Ceoltóir|ceoltóir]] (fl. 1949–) (1928–1993) ♀; spouse of William Morrison | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[amhránaí]]<br/>[[ceoltóir]] | data-sort-value="1928" | 1928-06-21 | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-06-25 | [[Oileán na Tríonóide]] | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[:d:Q1662382|Q1662382]] | 6 |- | [[Kitty Hayes]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] [[Ceoltóir|ceoltóir]] (1928–2008) ♀ | [[ceoltóir]] | data-sort-value="1928" | 1928 | data-sort-value="2008" | 2008-05-17 | | | [[:d:Q1949254|Q1949254]] | 3 |- | [[Maeve Kyle]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|briotanach]] imreoir haca, rábálaí agus reathaí meánfhaid (1928–2025) ♀; Oifigeach Ord Impireacht na Breataine | [[imreoir haca]]<br/>[[rábálaí]]<br/>[[reathaí meánfhaid]] | data-sort-value="1928" | 1928-10-06 | data-sort-value="2025" | 2025-07-23 | [[Cill Chainnigh]] | | [[:d:Q6729406|Q6729406]] | 6 |- | [[Sheila Smyth]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1928" | 1928 | | | | [[:d:Q27793294|Q27793294]] | 0 |- | [[Catherine Gaskin]] | | úrscéalaí Gael-Astráileach | [[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[úrscéalaí]] | data-sort-value="1929" | 1929-04-02 | data-sort-value="2009" | 2009-09-06 | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éire]]<br/>[[Dundalk Bay]] | [[Sydney]] | [[:d:Q513055|Q513055]] | 7 |- | [[Esme Mercer]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1929" | 1929 | | | | [[:d:Q27672134|Q27672134]] | 0 |- | [[R. Gibson]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1929" | 1929 | | | | [[:d:Q65554544|Q65554544]] | 0 |- | [[Jennifer Johnston]] | [[Íomhá:Jennifer Johnston (novelist).png|center|40px]] | scríbhneoir Éireannach | [[úrscéalaí]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir]] | data-sort-value="1930" | 1930-01-12 | data-sort-value="2025" | 2025-02-25 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[Dún Laoghaire]] | [[:d:Q526219|Q526219]] | 15 |- | [[Yvonne Kelly]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1930" | 1930s | | | | [[:d:Q1547285|Q1547285]] | 2 |- | [[Susan Devlin]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1931" | 1931 | | [[Winnipeg]] | | [[:d:Q2363393|Q2363393]] | 3 |- | [[Yvonne Barr]] | | víreolaí Éireannach | [[vireolaí]] | data-sort-value="1932" | 1932-03-11 | data-sort-value="2016" | 2016-02-13 | [[Ceatharlach]] | [[Melbourne]] | [[:d:Q456705|Q456705]] | 13 |- | [[Anne Donnelly]] | | péintéir Éireannach | [[péintéir]] | data-sort-value="1932" | 1932 | | [[Béal Feirste]] | | [[:d:Q1117247|Q1117247]] | 3 |- | [[J. Duncan]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1932" | 1932 | | | | [[:d:Q65554344|Q65554344]] | 0 |- | [[Jean Lawless]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1933" | 1933 | | | | [[:d:Q13481865|Q13481865]] | 2 |- | [[Audrey Dalton]] | [[Íomhá:Audrey Dalton Wagon Train 1959.jpg|center|40px]] | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]] | data-sort-value="1934" | 1934-01-21 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q439915|Q439915]] | 19 |- | [[Ann Ormonde]] | | polaiteoir Éireannach | [[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="1935" | 1935-01-20 | | [[Coill Mhic Thomáisín]] | | [[:d:Q263468|Q263468]] | 2 |- | [[Nuala Fennell]] | [[Íomhá:Nuala Fennell, April 1983 (cropped).jpg|center|40px]] | polaiteoir Éireannach | [[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="1935" | 1935-11-25 | data-sort-value="2009" | 2009-08-11 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[Bóthar Mhuirfean]] | [[:d:Q526634|Q526634]] | 5 |- | [[Mary Bryan]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1936" | 1936 | data-sort-value="2017" | 2017-10-26 | [[Trá Lí]] | | [[:d:Q1906224|Q1906224]] | 2 |- | [[Morgan Llywelyn]] | | scríbhneoir Éireannach | [[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[Mainicín faisin|mainicín]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir ficsean eolaíochta]]<br/>[[úrscéalaí]] | data-sort-value="1937" | 1937-12-03 | | [[Nua-Eabhrac (cathair)|Nua-Eabhrac]] | | [[:d:Q3862976|Q3862976]] | 5 |- | [[Elizabeth Shaughnessy]] | | [[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|Meiriceánach]] imreoir fichille (*1937) ♀ | [[imreoir fichille]] | data-sort-value="1937" | 1937 | | | | [[:d:Q5363498|Q5363498]] | 2 |- | [[Carmencita Hederman]] | | polaiteoir Éireannach | [[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="1939" | 1939-10-23 | data-sort-value="2025" | 2025-05-31 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q1043753|Q1043753]] | 4 |- | [[Deirdre O'Connell]] | | ban-aisteoir agus amhránaí Gael-Mheiriceánach | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[amhránaí]] | data-sort-value="1939" | 1939-06-16 | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-06-09 | [[South Bronx]] | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[:d:Q2916434|Q2916434]] | 5 |- | [[Gemma O'Connor]] | | scríbhneoir Éireannach | [[athchóiritheoir]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir]] | data-sort-value="1940" | 1940 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q1501154|Q1501154]] | 4 |- | [[Lena Rea]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1940" | 1940 | | | | [[:d:Q1817335|Q1817335]] | 2 |- | [[Joan McCloy]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1940" | 1940 | | | | [[:d:Q6519433|Q6519433]] | 2 |- | [[Fidelma Macken]] | | breitheamh Éireannach | [[breitheamh]]<br/>[[múinteoir ollscoile]]<br/>[[abhcóide]]<br/>[[saineolaí dlí]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-02-28 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q1411301|Q1411301]] | 4 |- | [[Maureen Mockford]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-03-27 | data-sort-value="2008" | 2008-01-12 | [[Béal Feirste]] | | [[:d:Q13481867|Q13481867]] | 3 |- | [[Claire Walsh]] | | reathaí meánraoin Éireannach | [[reathaí meánfhaid]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-05-27 | | | | [[:d:Q42294660|Q42294660]] | 2 |- | [[Jane Leslie]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942 | | | | [[:d:Q65554348|Q65554348]] | 0 |- | [[Mary Dinan]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1943" | 1943 | data-sort-value="2024" | 2024-11-02 | | | [[:d:Q6780729|Q6780729]] | 1 |- | [[Mary White]] | | polaiteoir Éireannach (Fianna Fáil) | [[polaiteoir]]<br/>[[duine den lucht gnó]] | data-sort-value="1944" | 1944-10-07 | data-sort-value="2026" | 2026-01-04 | [[Dún Dealgan]] | | [[:d:Q530899|Q530899]] | 5 |- | [[Margaret Murphy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cliathreathaí (*1944) ♀ | [[cliathreathaí]] | data-sort-value="1944" | 1944-09-21 | | | | [[:d:Q41446936|Q41446936]] | 1 |- | [[Mary Upton]] | | polaiteoir Éireannach | [[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="1946" | 1946-05-30 | | [[Cill Rois]] | | [[:d:Q540353|Q540353]] | 4 |- | [[Mary Freehill]] | [[Íomhá:Mary Freehill PES Group meeting 2019.jpg|center|40px]] | méara Éireannach | [[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="1946" | 1946-07-22 | | | | [[:d:Q1906258|Q1906258]] | 3 |- | [[Kate Walsh]] | | polaiteoir Éireannach | [[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="1947" | 1947-03-01 | data-sort-value="2007" | 2007-04-24 | [[Cill Droichid]] | | [[:d:Q2463581|Q2463581]] | 3 |- | [[Kay McCarthy]] | | amhránaí Éireannach | [[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[amhránaí]] | data-sort-value="1947" | 1947 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q3814074|Q3814074]] | 1 |- | [[Sinéad Cusack]] | [[Íomhá:Sinead cusack 2021 1.jpg|center|40px]] | aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir scannáin]]<br/>[[aisteoir stáitse]]<br/>[[aisteoir]] | data-sort-value="1948" | 1948-02-18 | | [[Deilginis]] | | [[:d:Q224782|Q224782]] | 18 |- | [[Ann Murray]] | [[Íomhá:Curtain Call (6766562451).jpg|center|40px]] | amhránaí ceoldrámaíochta Éireannach | [[amhránaí ceoldrámaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1949" | 1949-08-27 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q462570|Q462570]] | 10 |- | [[Mary Bergin]] | | ceoltóir Éireannach | [[ceoltóir]] | data-sort-value="1949" | 1949-09-13 | | [[Seanchill]] | | [[:d:Q1627129|Q1627129]] | 5 |- | [[Mary Tracey-Purcell]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] reathaí meánfhaid (*1949) ♀ | [[reathaí meánfhaid]] | data-sort-value="1949" | 1949-05-22 | | | | [[:d:Q42293853|Q42293853]] | 4 |- | [[Maxi]] | | DJ, aisteoir agus ceoltóir Éireannach | [[amhránaí]] | data-sort-value="1950" | 1950-02-23 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q510649|Q510649]] | 10 |- | [[Wendy Donnelly]] | | imreoir badmantain Éireannach | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1950" | 1950s | | | | [[:d:Q2559274|Q2559274]] | 1 |- | [[Pádraigín Ní Uallacháin]] | [[Íomhá:Pádraigín Ní Uallacháin.jpg|center|40px]] | amhránaí agus ceoltóir Éireannach | [[amhránaí]]<br/>[[amhránaí is scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[acadóir]]<br/>[[múinteoir]] | data-sort-value="1950" | 1950-08-23 | | [[Contae Lú]] | | [[:d:Q2729382|Q2729382]] | 4 |- | [[Dorothy Cunningham]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1950" | 1950 | | | | [[:d:Q26955634|Q26955634]] | 1 |- | [[F. Cunningham]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1950" | 1950 | | | | [[:d:Q65554280|Q65554280]] | 0 |- | [[Aileen Noonan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] imreoir fichille (*1950) ♀ | [[imreoir fichille]] | data-sort-value="1950" | 1950 | | | | [[:d:Q110160815|Q110160815]] | 2 |- | [[Sarah Ludford, Baroness Ludford]] | [[Íomhá:Official portrait of Baroness Ludford crop 2, 2024.jpg|center|40px]] | polaiteoir Briotanach (rugadh 1951) | [[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="1951" | 1951-03-14 | | [[Halesworth]] | | [[:d:Q336425|Q336425]] | 10 |- | [[Anne Anderson]] | [[Íomhá:Anne Anderson (cropped).jpg|center|40px]] | taidhleoir Éireannach | [[taidhleoir]] | data-sort-value="1952" | 1952-07 | | [[Cluain Meala]] | | [[:d:Q564938|Q564938]] | 6 |- | [[Barbara Beckett]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1952" | 1952-03 | | [[Tuaisceart Éireann]] | | [[:d:Q807346|Q807346]] | 3 |- | [[Diane Underwood]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1952" | 1952 | | | | [[:d:Q26958541|Q26958541]] | 1 |- | [[Ann O'Connor]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] snámhóir (*1952) ♀ | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="1952" | 1952-06-03 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q27881115|Q27881115]] | 2 |- | [[Vivienne Smith]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] snámhóir (*1952) ♀ | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="1952" | 1952-11-10 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q27886476|Q27886476]] | 2 |- | [[Nollaig Casey]] | | ceoltóir Éireannach | [[fidléir]]<br/>[[ceoltóir]] | data-sort-value="1953" | 20th century | | | | [[:d:Q2469858|Q2469858]] | 3 |- | [[Bairbre Dowling]] | | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir scannáin]] | data-sort-value="1953" | 1953-03-27 | data-sort-value="2016" | 2016-01-20 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[Manhattan]] | [[:d:Q2879967|Q2879967]] | 3 |- | [[Cornelia Hayes O'Herlihy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] [[Aisteoir|aisteoir]] agus [[Stiúrthóir scannán|stiúrthóir scannán]] (*1953) ♀; spouse of Lorcan O'Herlihy | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[stiúrthóir scannán]] | data-sort-value="1953" | 20th century | | | | [[:d:Q2997473|Q2997473]] | 1 |- | [[Áine Brady]] | | polaiteoir Éireannach | [[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="1954" | 1954-09-08 | | [[Contae na Gaillimhe]] | | [[:d:Q249955|Q249955]] | 3 |- | [[Síle de Valera]] | [[Íomhá:Síle de Valera 1981 01.jpg|center|40px]] | polaiteoir Éireannach de chuid Fianna Fáil | [[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="1954" | 1954-12-17 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q436181|Q436181]] | 8 |- | [[Bairbre de Brún]] | [[Íomhá:Bairbre de Brún 2008-10-19 Strasbourg (cropped).jpg|center|40px]] | polaiteoir Éireannach | [[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="1954" | 1954-01-10 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q450673|Q450673]] | 10 |- | [[Geraldine Brannigan]] | | iomaitheoir Eurovision 1975 | [[amhránaí]]<br/>[[ceoltóir]] | data-sort-value="1954" | 1954 | | [[Cluain Tarbh]] | | [[:d:Q451689|Q451689]] | 8 |- | [[Mary Geaney]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] imreoir haca, camogie player agus imreoir peile Gaelaí (*1954) ♀ | [[imreoir haca]]<br/>[[camogie player]]<br/>[[imreoir peile Gaelaí]] | data-sort-value="1954" | 1954-04-06 | | [[Oileán Ciarraí]] | | [[:d:Q6779624|Q6779624]] | 1 |- | [[Christine Fulcher]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] snámhóir (*1954) ♀ | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="1954" | 1954-12-20 | | | | [[:d:Q27922118|Q27922118]] | 2 |- | [[Bríd Brennan]] | [[Íomhá:Brid Brennan - Day 3 diff 2025.png|center|40px]] | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir stáitse]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]]<br/>[[aisteoir]] | data-sort-value="1955" | 1955 | | [[Béal Feirste]] | | [[:d:Q913526|Q913526]] | 9 |- | [[Alexandra Colen]] | [[Íomhá:AlexandraColen1996.jpg|center|40px]] | polaiteoir Éireannach-Beilgeach | [[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="1955" | 1955-07-09 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q2833256|Q2833256]] | 4 |- | [[Mary Coughlan]] | [[Íomhá:Marycoughlan.JPG|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] [[Aisteoir|aisteoir]], [[Amhránaí|amhránaí]], [[Cumadóir amhrán|cumadóir amhrán]], ceoltóir snagcheoil, ealaíontóir taifeadta agus [[Ceoltóir|ceoltóir]] (fl. 1984–) (*1956) ♀; spouse of Frank Bonadio | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[amhránaí]]<br/>[[cumadóir amhrán]]<br/>[[ceoltóir snagcheoil]]<br/>[[ealaíontóir taifeadta]]<br/>[[ceoltóir]] | data-sort-value="1956" | 1956-05-05 | | [[Contae na Gaillimhe]] | | [[:d:Q369823|Q369823]] | 8 |- | [[Máire Ní Chathasaigh]] | | ceoltóir Éireannach | [[amhránaí]]<br/>[[craoltóir]] | data-sort-value="1956" | 1956 | | [[Droichead na Bandan]] | | [[:d:Q975053|Q975053]] | 2 |- | [[Kathleen O'Beirne]] | | scríbhneoir Éireannach | [[scríbhneoir]] | data-sort-value="1956" | 1956-10-18 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q1736283|Q1736283]] | 2 |- | [[Máire Breatnach]] | | fidléir Éireannach | [[amhránaí]]<br/>[[fidléir]]<br/>[[pianódóir]]<br/>[[giotáraí]]<br/>[[méarchláraí]] | data-sort-value="1956" | 1956 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q3331954|Q3331954]] | 4 |- | [[Linda Andrews]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1956" | 1956 | | | | [[:d:Q27036227|Q27036227]] | 1 |- | [[Brenda McGrory]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] snámhóir (*1956) ♀ | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="1956" | 1956-04-29 | | | | [[:d:Q27927243|Q27927243]] | 2 |- | [[Lynn McCrave]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1956" | 1956 | | | | [[:d:Q65554433|Q65554433]] | 0 |- | [[Geraldine Feeney]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] polaiteoir, Seanadóir na hÉireann (*1957) ♀ | [[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="1957" | 1957-09-09 | | [[Contae Uíbh Fhailí]] | | [[:d:Q304576|Q304576]] | 2 |- | [[Siobhán McCarthy]] | | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[amhránaí]]<br/>[[aisteoir stáitse]] | data-sort-value="1957" | 1957-11-06 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q969376|Q969376]] | 2 |- | [[Alison Browner]] | | amhránaí agus amhránaí ceoldrámaíochta Éireannach | [[amhránaí ceoldrámaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1957" | 1957-09-22 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q1490059|Q1490059]] | 4 |- | [[Regina Joyce]] | | cianreathaí Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1957" | 1957-02-07 | | | | [[:d:Q7308488|Q7308488]] | 3 |- | [[Ann Crossan]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1957" | 1957 | | | | [[:d:Q26958736|Q26958736]] | 0 |- | [[Aisling O'Leary]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] snámhóir (*1957) ♀ | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="1957" | 1957-07-07 | | | | [[:d:Q27922111|Q27922111]] | 2 |- | [[Deirdre Sheehan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] snámhóir (*1957) ♀ | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="1957" | 1957-09-25 | | | | [[:d:Q27995560|Q27995560]] | 2 |- | [[Louise Richardson]] | [[Íomhá:Louise Richardson.jpg|center|40px]] | eolaí polaitíochta Éireannach | [[ollamh]] | data-sort-value="1958" | 1958 | | [[Trá Mhór]] | | [[:d:Q440934|Q440934]] | 12 |- | [[Maura O'Connell]] | | amhránaí Éireannach | [[amhránaí]] | data-sort-value="1958" | 1958-09-16 | | [[Inis (baile)|Inis]] | | [[:d:Q2285213|Q2285213]] | 4 |- | [[Aisling Walsh]] | [[Íomhá:Aisling Walsh.jpg|center|40px]] | scríbhneoir agus stiúrthóir scannán Éireannach | [[stiúrthóir scannán]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir scripte]]<br/>[[stiúrthóir teilifíse]]<br/>[[stiúrthóir]] | data-sort-value="1958" | 1958-09 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q2443145|Q2443145]] | 12 |- | [[Niamh Parsons]] | [[Íomhá:Niamh-Parsons-08.jpg|center|40px]] | amhránaí Éireannach | [[amhránaí]] | data-sort-value="1958" | 1958 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q2502492|Q2502492]] | 4 |- | [[Olivia Musgrave]] | | dealbhóir Éireannach | [[dealbhóir]] | data-sort-value="1958" | 1958 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q3881841|Q3881841]] | 2 |- | [[Ailish Smyth]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1958) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1958" | 1958-09-18 | | | | [[:d:Q29997026|Q29997026]] | 1 |- | [[Michèle Burke]] | | [[Ceanada|Ceanadach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]]-[[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|meiriceánach]] smideoir agus [[Mainicín faisin|mainicín]] (fl. 1980–) (1959–2025) ♀; Duais Emmy agus Duais an Acadaimh don smideadh agus gruagaireacht is fearr | [[smideoir]]<br/>[[Mainicín faisin|mainicín]] | data-sort-value="1959" | 1959 | data-sort-value="2025" | 2025-09-26 | [[Cill Dara]] | | [[:d:Q518417|Q518417]] | 9 |- | [[Kate Thompson]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] [[Aisteoir|aisteoir]], [[Scríbhneoir|scríbhneoir]], aisteoir stáitse agus [[Úrscéalaí|úrscéalaí]] (*1959) ♀ | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir stáitse]]<br/>[[úrscéalaí]] | data-sort-value="1959" | 1959 | | [[Béal Feirste]] | | [[:d:Q960202|Q960202]] | 4 |- | [[Carey May Edge]] | | [[Ceanada|Ceanadach]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1959) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1959" | 1959-07-19 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q1035934|Q1035934]] | 5 |- | [[Margaret M. Murnane]] | | fisiceoir Éireannach | [[fisiceoir]]<br/>[[múinteoir ollscoile]] | data-sort-value="1959" | 1959-01-23 | | [[Luimneach]] | | [[:d:Q1894870|Q1894870]] | 10 |- | [[Marie Murphy-Rollins]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1959) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1959" | 1959-03-23 | | | | [[:d:Q29996726|Q29996726]] | 1 |- | [[Debbie Freeman]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1959" | 1959 | | | | [[:d:Q65554233|Q65554233]] | 0 |- | [[Roma Downey]] | [[Íomhá:Roma Downey 2015.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|Briotanach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]] [[Aisteoir|aisteoir]], [[Léiritheoir scannáin|léiritheoir scannáin]], aisteoir scannáin agus [[Stiúrthóir scannán|stiúrthóir scannán]] (fl. 1988–) (*1960) ♀; réalta ar Hollywood Walk of Fame, Oifigeach Ord Impireacht na Breataine, TV Land Award agus Gradaim Acadamh Scannán agus Teilifíse na hÉireann; spouse of Mark Burnett, Leland Orser agus David Anspaugh; notable work Touched by an Angel agus A Woman Named Jackie | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[léiritheoir scannáin]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]]<br/>[[stiúrthóir scannán]] | data-sort-value="1960" | 1960-05-06 | | [[Doire]] | | [[:d:Q258989|Q258989]] | 23 |- | [[Patricia Walsh]] | | caiteoir teisce Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1960" | 1960-03-16 | | | | [[:d:Q16224342|Q16224342]] | 4 |- | [[Caroline O'Shea]] | | lúthchleasaí Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1960" | 1960-12-30 | | | | [[:d:Q21936525|Q21936525]] | 2 |- | [[Miriam Hopkins]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] snámhóir (*1960) ♀ | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="1960" | 1960-10-28 | | | | [[:d:Q28037353|Q28037353]] | 3 |- | [[Ann O'Sullivan]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1960" | 1960s | | | | [[:d:Q55739805|Q55739805]] | 0 |- | [[Nikki Lane]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1960" | 1960s | | | | [[:d:Q55739848|Q55739848]] | 0 |- | [[Ann Hawkshaw]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1960" | 1960s | | | | [[:d:Q65554176|Q65554176]] | 0 |- | [[Michelle Rocca]] | [[Íomhá:Michelle Rocca in Belfast (cropped).jpg|center|40px]] | péiceallán Éireannach | [[láithreoir teilifíse]]<br/>[[péiceallán]]<br/>[[Mainicín faisin|mainicín]]<br/>[[iomaitheoir i gcomórtas áilleachta]] | data-sort-value="1961" | 1961 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q372148|Q372148]] | 8 |- | [[Orla Brady]] | [[Íomhá:Orla Brady 2020 1 cropped.jpg|center|40px]] | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir stáitse]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]] | data-sort-value="1961" | 1961-03-28 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q444292|Q444292]] | 20 |- | [[Ali Hewson]] | [[Íomhá:Alison Hewson portrait.jpg|center|40px]] | gníomhaí agus bean ghnó Éireannach | [[duine den lucht gnó]] | data-sort-value="1961" | 1961-03-23 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q777287|Q777287]] | 12 |- | [[Anne Heraty]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] baincéir (*1961) ♀ | [[baincéir]] | data-sort-value="1961" | 1961 | | | | [[:d:Q2651939|Q2651939]] | 2 |- | [[Mary-Pat Moore]] | | cruicéadaí | [[cruicéadaí]] | data-sort-value="1961" | 1961-04-24 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q6778731|Q6778731]] | 4 |- | [[Mary Parr]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cliathreathaí (*1961) ♀ | [[cliathreathaí]] | data-sort-value="1961" | 1961-10-01 | | | | [[:d:Q21936533|Q21936533]] | 3 |- | [[Janice Walsh]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cruicéadaí (*1961) ♀ | [[cruicéadaí]] | data-sort-value="1961" | 1961-12-17 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q27562837|Q27562837]] | 4 |- | [[Elaine Doyle]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1961" | 1961 | | | | [[:d:Q65554263|Q65554263]] | 0 |- | [[Emer Costello]] | [[Íomhá:Costello, Emer-2148.jpg|center|40px]] | polaiteoir Éireannach | [[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="1962" | 1962-09-03 | | [[Contae Lú]] | | [[:d:Q525437|Q525437]] | 8 |- | [[Hilary Mooney]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] múinteoir ollscoile, diagaire Caitliceach agus diagaire (*1962) ♀ | [[múinteoir ollscoile]]<br/>[[diagaire Caitliceach]]<br/>[[diagaire]] | data-sort-value="1962" | 1962 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q1618120|Q1618120]] | 1 |- | [[Fionnuala Sherry]] | [[Íomhá:Fionnuala Sherry.jpg|center|40px]] | ceoltóir Éireannach | [[ceoltóir]] | data-sort-value="1962" | 1962-09-20 | | [[An Nás]] | | [[:d:Q1868188|Q1868188]] | 17 |- | [[Sian Doody]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]]<br/>[[badminton coach]] | data-sort-value="1962" | 1962-05-05 | | | | [[:d:Q2280741|Q2280741]] | 1 |- | [[Lucy Riall]] | | staraí | [[staraí]]<br/>[[docent]] | data-sort-value="1962" | 1962-01-04 | | | | [[:d:Q3839052|Q3839052]] | 5 |- | [[Audrey Fagan]] | | garda Astrálach | [[garda]] | data-sort-value="1962" | 1962-06-23 | data-sort-value="2007" | 2007-04-20 | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | [[Hayman Island]] | [[:d:Q4820114|Q4820114]] | 2 |- | [[Caitríona Ruane]] | [[Íomhá:Caitríona Ruane 2014 (cropped).jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir leadóige, an Ríocht Aontaithe | [[imreoir leadóige]]<br/>[[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="1962" | 1962-07-19 | | [[Béal Átha na Muice]] | | [[:d:Q5017940|Q5017940]] | 2 |- | [[Anne Keenan-Buckley]] | | cianreathaí Éireannach | [[cianreathaí]] | data-sort-value="1962" | 1962-01-07 | | | | [[:d:Q11851668|Q11851668]] | 2 |- | [[Sonia Reamsbottom]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cruicéadaí (*1962) ♀ | [[cruicéadaí]] | data-sort-value="1962" | 1962-03-28 | | [[Cill Dara]] | | [[:d:Q24007862|Q24007862]] | 4 |- | [[Barbara Johnson]] | | lúthchleasaí Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1962" | 1962-12-05<br/>1962-12-23 | | | | [[:d:Q42287970|Q42287970]] | 1 |- | [[Ita Marron]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1962" | 1962 | | | | [[:d:Q65554342|Q65554342]] | 0 |- | [[Pamela Peard]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1962" | 1962-06-02 | | | | [[:d:Q65965095|Q65965095]] | 0 |- | [[Kathy Ann Kelly]] | [[Íomhá:Kathy Kelly 2707.jpg|center|40px]] | ceoltóir | [[amhránaí]] | data-sort-value="1963" | 1963-03-06 | | [[Leominster]] | | [[:d:Q1736556|Q1736556]] | 5 |- | [[Roisin Smyth]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1963) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1963" | 1963-10-26 | | | | [[:d:Q21936554|Q21936554]] | 3 |- | [[Catherine Walsh]] | | file Éireannach | [[file]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir]] | data-sort-value="1964" | 1964 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q338265|Q338265]] | 3 |- | [[Maeve Quinlan]] | [[Íomhá:Maeve Quinlan at Camp As Sayliyah, Qatar.jpg|center|40px]] | ban-aisteoir Gael-Mheiriceánach | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[imreoir leadóige]]<br/>[[aisteoir teilifíse]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir scripte]] | data-sort-value="1964" | 1964-11-16 | | [[Chicago, Illinois|Chicago]] | | [[:d:Q433284|Q433284]] | 16 |- | [[Carrie Crowley]] | [[Íomhá:Carrie Crowley - Day 3 diff 2025.png|center|40px]] | aisteoir agus craoltóir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[láithreoir teilifíse]]<br/>[[aisteoir stáitse]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]]<br/>[[pearsa raidió]]<br/>[[stiúrthóir scannán]] | data-sort-value="1964" | 1964-05-23 | | [[Port Láirge]] | | [[:d:Q1045015|Q1045015]] | 11 |- | [[Susan Ronan]] | | imreoir sacair | [[imreoir sacair]]<br/>[[bainisteoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1964" | 1964-02-21 | | [[Éire]] | | [[:d:Q7648333|Q7648333]] | 4 |- | [[Aisling Molloy]] | | reathaí meánraoin Éireannach | [[reathaí meánfhaid]] | data-sort-value="1964" | 1964-06-12 | | | | [[:d:Q23043629|Q23043629]] | 2 |- | [[Ciara Doheny]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1964" | 1964-08-04 | | | | [[:d:Q27893278|Q27893278]] | 0 |- | [[Catherine Bohan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] snámhóir (*1964) ♀ | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="1964" | 1964-04-18 | | | | [[:d:Q28822774|Q28822774]] | 2 |- | [[Rebecca Best]] | | imreoir scuaise Éireannach | [[imreoir scuaise]] | data-sort-value="1964" | 1964-01-18 | | [[Sheffield]] | | [[:d:Q50839606|Q50839606]] | 4 |- | [[Gearoidin Ui Laighleis]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] imreoir fichille (*1964) ♀ | [[imreoir fichille]] | data-sort-value="1964" | 1964 | | | | [[:d:Q105358147|Q105358147]] | 0 |- | [[Kim Jackson]] | | amhránaí Éireannach | [[amhránaí]] | data-sort-value="1965" | 1965-08-22 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q286695|Q286695]] | 11 |- | [[Maria Christian]] | [[Íomhá:Maria Doyle-Cuche 2019-08-28.jpg|center|40px]] | amhránaí Éireannach | [[amhránaí]] | data-sort-value="1965" | 1965-05-06 | | [[Dún Dealgan]] | | [[:d:Q1895757|Q1895757]] | 9 |- | [[Anne Cleary]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] person (*1965) ♀ | | data-sort-value="1965" | 1965 | | | | [[:d:Q2851037|Q2851037]] | 3 |- | [[Barbara Griffin]] | | aisteoir | [[aisteoir]] | data-sort-value="1965" | 1965-01-01 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q2883953|Q2883953]] | 3 |- | [[Miriam Grealey]] | | cruicéadaí | [[cruicéadaí]] | data-sort-value="1965" | 1965-12-27 | | [[Dún na nGall (baile)|Dún na nGall]] | | [[:d:Q6873329|Q6873329]] | 4 |- | [[Holly Lane]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1965" | 1965 | | | | [[:d:Q27043986|Q27043986]] | 1 |- | [[Ann Stephens]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1965" | 1965 | | | | [[:d:Q27043991|Q27043991]] | 1 |- | [[Julie Parkes]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] snámhóir (*1965) ♀ | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="1965" | 1965-04-17 | | | | [[:d:Q28911826|Q28911826]] | 2 |- | [[Maeve Moynihan]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1965" | 1965 | | | | [[:d:Q65554435|Q65554435]] | 0 |- | [[Ursula Noctor]] | | Iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (1965–1993) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1965" | 1965-01-21 | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-04-04 | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éire]] | | [[:d:Q106527955|Q106527955]] | 1 |- | [[Marguerite Donlon]] | | damhsóir agus cóiréagrafaí Éireannach | [[cóiréagrafaí]]<br/>[[damhsóir bailé]]<br/>[[ballet director]]<br/>[[damhsóir]] | data-sort-value="1966" | 1966-05-31 | | [[An Longfort]] | | [[:d:Q524761|Q524761]] | 5 |- | [[Perri Williams]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] siúlóir rása (*1966) ♀ | [[siúlóir rása]] | data-sort-value="1966" | 1966-06-21 | | | | [[:d:Q44503461|Q44503461]] | 1 |- | [[Siobhán Nicholson]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] imreoir leadóige (*1966) ♀ | [[imreoir leadóige]] | data-sort-value="1966" | 1966-06-11 | | [[Wimbledon, Londain|Wimbledon]] | | [[:d:Q97918916|Q97918916]] | 2 |- | [[Geraldine Somerville]] | | aisteoir | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir stáitse]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]] | data-sort-value="1967" | 1967-05-19 | | [[Contae na Mí]] | | [[:d:Q235572|Q235572]] | 23 |- | [[Carol Munster]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1967" | 1967 | | | | [[:d:Q27503288|Q27503288]] | 1 |- | [[Aisling Byrne-Bowman]] | | Mairnéalach (*1967) ♀ | [[mairnéalach]] | data-sort-value="1967" | 1967-08-26 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q96484359|Q96484359]] | 1 |- | [[Aisling O'Sullivan]] | | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir stáitse]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]] | data-sort-value="1968" | 1968 | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éire]] | | [[:d:Q174315|Q174315]] | 6 |- | [[Sharon Shannon]] | [[Íomhá:Sharon Shannon smiling.jpg|center|40px]] | ceoltóir Éireannach | [[fidléir]]<br/>[[amhránaí]]<br/>[[cairdíneoir]] | data-sort-value="1968" | 1968-11-12 | | [[Cora Finne]] | | [[:d:Q457684|Q457684]] | 16 |- | [[Cecilia Keaveney]] | | polaiteoir Éireannach | [[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="1968" | 1968-11-27 | | [[Doire]] | | [[:d:Q540369|Q540369]] | 4 |- | [[Emer Martin]] | [[Íomhá:Emerfinalbook copy.jpg|center|40px]] | scríbhneoir Éireannach | [[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[péintéir]] | data-sort-value="1968" | 1968-02-29 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q1258694|Q1258694]] | 4 |- | [[Fiona O'Malley]] | | polaiteoir Éireannach | [[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="1968" | 1968-01-19 | | [[Luimneach]] | | [[:d:Q1418534|Q1418534]] | 2 |- | [[Emma Donoghue]] | [[Íomhá:Irish-Canadian author Emma Donoghue.JPG|center|40px]] | úrscéali, staraí, scríbhneoir agus drámadóir Éireannach | [[staraí liteartha]]<br/>[[úrscéalaí]]<br/>[[drámadóir]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir scripte]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir scripte scannáin]] | data-sort-value="1969" | 1969-10-24 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q52255|Q52255]] | 30 |- | [[Karan Casey]] | [[Íomhá:Karan Casey.JPG|center|40px]] | amhránaí Éireannach | [[amhránaí]]<br/>[[pianódóir]]<br/>[[ceoltóir]] | data-sort-value="1969" | 1969 | | [[Cill Mhíodáin]] | | [[:d:Q274052|Q274052]] | 9 |- | [[Catherina McKiernan]] | | cianreathaí Éireannach | [[reathaí maratóin]] | data-sort-value="1969" | 1969-11-30 | | [[Contae an Chabháin]] | | [[:d:Q274541|Q274541]] | 6 |- | [[Angeline Ball]] | | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]] | data-sort-value="1969" | 1969-06-28 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q530292|Q530292]] | 7 |- | [[Patricia Kelly]] | [[Íomhá:Patricia-Kelly-(MS1411200026).jpg|center|40px]] | ceoltóir Gael-Mheiriceánach | [[cumadóir amhrán]]<br/>[[aisteoir]]<br/>[[amhránaí]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[ceoltóir]]<br/>[[Léiritheoir ceoil|léiritheoir ceirníní]]<br/>[[údar]] | data-sort-value="1969" | 1969-11-22 | | [[Gamonal]] | | [[:d:Q1544206|Q1544206]] | 7 |- | [[Naomi Geraghty]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] eagarthóir scannán, eagarthóir teilifíse agus stiúrthóir teilifíse (*1969) ♀ | [[eagarthóir scannán]]<br/>[[eagarthóir teilifíse]]<br/>[[stiúrthóir teilifíse]] | data-sort-value="1969" | 1969-05 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q1964826|Q1964826]] | 2 |- | [[Pauline Curley]] | [[Íomhá:Pauline Curley - Rotterdam Marathon 2008 (2411527348) (cropped).jpg|center|40px]] | reathaí maratóin Éireannach | [[reathaí maratóin]] | data-sort-value="1969" | 1969-03-10 | | [[Biorra]] | | [[:d:Q7155002|Q7155002]] | 2 |- | [[Aileen Convery]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] snámhóir (*1969) ♀ | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="1969" | 1969-07-10 | | | | [[:d:Q29059727|Q29059727]] | 2 |- | [[Maria Coleman]] | | [[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|Briotanach]] mairnéalach (*1969) ♀ | [[mairnéalach]] | data-sort-value="1969" | 1969-07-21 | | [[Birmingham]] | | [[:d:Q56065668|Q56065668]] | 1 |- | [[Teresa Duffy]] | | Cianreathaí (*1969) ♀ | [[cianreathaí]] | data-sort-value="1969" | 1969-07-16 | | | | [[:d:Q97670856|Q97670856]] | 1 |- | [[Catherine Walsh]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] aisteoir stáitse agus aisteoir scannáin (*1970) ♀ | [[aisteoir stáitse]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]] | data-sort-value="1970" | 1970 | | [[Corcaigh]] | | [[:d:Q1051060|Q1051060]] | 2 |- | [[Deirdre Shannon]] | | ceoltóir Ghaeilge Éireannach | [[amhránaí]] | data-sort-value="1970" | 1970-07-19 | | [[Contae na Mí]] | | [[:d:Q2554305|Q2554305]] | 8 |- | [[Siobhán Hoey]] | | bean spóirt Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1970" | 1970-07-17 | | | | [[:d:Q7525309|Q7525309]] | 2 |- | [[Keelin Fox]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1970" | 1970s | | | | [[:d:Q15729982|Q15729982]] | 2 |- | [[Tanya Cooke]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1970" | 1970 | | | | [[:d:Q27503287|Q27503287]] | 1 |- | [[Claire Russell]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1970" | 1970 | | | | [[:d:Q27503304|Q27503304]] | 0 |- | [[Katy McCandless]] | | cianreathaí Éireannach | [[cianreathaí]] | data-sort-value="1970" | 1970-06-22 | | | | [[:d:Q42954570|Q42954570]] | 2 |- | [[Breda Dennehy-Willis]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cianreathaí (*1970) ♀ | [[cianreathaí]] | data-sort-value="1970" | 1970 | | | | [[:d:Q43016830|Q43016830]] | 1 |- | [[Elaine Kiely]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1970" | 1970s | | | | [[:d:Q65027970|Q65027970]] | 0 |- | [[Angela Carr]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1970" | 1970s | | | | [[:d:Q65554172|Q65554172]] | 0 |- | [[Annette Taylor]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1970" | 1970s | | | | [[:d:Q65554187|Q65554187]] | 0 |- | [[Amy Mallon]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|meiriceánach]] cóitseálaí cispheile agus cispheileadóir (*1970) ♀ | [[cóitseálaí cispheile]]<br/>[[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1970" | 1970-04-21 | | | | [[:d:Q104093537|Q104093537]] | 1 |- | [[Geraldine Hendricken]] | | lúthchleasaí Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1970" | 1970-04-19 | | | | [[:d:Q137723688|Q137723688]] | 0 |- | [[Amira Casar]] | [[Íomhá:Amira Casar Call Me By Your Name Photo Call Berlinale 2017.jpg|center|40px]] | ban-aisteoir Francach | [[aisteoir teilifíse]]<br/>[[Mainicín faisin|mainicín]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]]<br/>[[aisteoir stáitse]]<br/>[[aisteoir]] | data-sort-value="1971" | 1971-05-01 | | [[Londain]] | | [[:d:Q271553|Q271553]] | 28 |- | [[Claire Henderson]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1971" | 1971-10-08 | | | | [[:d:Q1094805|Q1094805]] | 2 |- | [[Jayne Plunkett]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1971" | 1971-08-10 | | | | [[:d:Q1636158|Q1636158]] | 2 |- | [[Susan Smith-Walsh]] | [[Íomhá:Susan Smith-Walsh in 1996.jpg|center|40px]] | cliathreathaí Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1971" | 1971-09-14 | | [[Port Láirge]] | | [[:d:Q7648401|Q7648401]] | 2 |- | [[Sinéad Delahunty]] | | reathaí meánraoin Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1971" | 1971-02-12 | | [[Contae Chill Chainnigh]] | | [[:d:Q16209027|Q16209027]] | 2 |- | [[Anna McPartlin]] | | úrscéalaí Éireannach | [[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir scripte]]<br/>[[úrscéalaí]] | data-sort-value="1972" | 1972 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q562441|Q562441]] | 4 |- | [[Alexandria Sharpe]] | [[Íomhá:Alex Sharpe.jpg|center|40px]] | amhránaí Éireannach | [[amhránaí]]<br/>[[aisteoir]] | data-sort-value="1972" | 1972-05-04 | | | | [[:d:Q636386|Q636386]] | 11 |- | [[Bronagh Gallagher]] | [[Íomhá:Bronagh Gallagher.jpg|center|40px]] | aisteoir agus ceoltóir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[amhránaí]]<br/>[[cumadóir]] | data-sort-value="1972" | 1972-04-26 | | [[Doire]] | | [[:d:Q2926038|Q2926038]] | 12 |- | [[Sharon Foley]] | | léimneoir ard Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1972" | 1972-05-20 | | | | [[:d:Q7490056|Q7490056]] | 2 |- | [[Sonya McGinn]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]]<br/>[[Olympic competitor]] | data-sort-value="1973" | 1973-12-17 | | [[Binn Éadair]] | | [[:d:Q1603815|Q1603815]] | 5 |- | [[Catherine Walsh]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] rothaí spóirt agus iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1973) ♀ | [[rothaí spóirt]]<br/>[[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1973" | 1973-08-23 | | | | [[:d:Q16224339|Q16224339]] | 1 |- | [[Sarah Reilly]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1973) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1973" | 1973-07-03 | | | | [[:d:Q32375569|Q32375569]] | 3 |- | [[Carmel Kissane]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1973) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1973" | 1973-06-09 | | | | [[:d:Q135382829|Q135382829]] | 0 |- | [[Victoria Smurfit]] | [[Íomhá:Victoria Smurfit 2016.jpg|center|40px]] | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]] | data-sort-value="1974" | 1974-03-31 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q127333|Q127333]] | 19 |- | [[Lorraine Pilkington]] | | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]] | data-sort-value="1974" | 1974-04-18 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q467567|Q467567]] | 11 |- | [[Alex Barclay]] | [[Íomhá:Alex Barclay 2010.jpg|center|40px]] | scríbhneoir Éireannach | [[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir litríocht pháistí]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir coirscéalta]]<br/>[[iriseoir]]<br/>[[údar]] | data-sort-value="1974" | 1974 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q517660|Q517660]] | 10 |- | [[Lisa McDonald]] | | polaiteoir Éireannach | [[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="1974" | 1974-07-09 | | [[Contae Loch Garman]] | | [[:d:Q1827764|Q1827764]] | 2 |- | [[Jennifer Walshe]] | [[Íomhá:Jennifer Walshe MX IL.jpg|center|40px]] | cumadóir Éireannach | [[cumadóir]]<br/>[[leabhrógaí]]<br/>[[ceoltóir]] | data-sort-value="1974" | 1974-06-01 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q2313131|Q2313131]] | 10 |- | [[Órlagh Fallon]] | | amhránaí agus cumadóir Éireannach | [[cumadóir]]<br/>[[amhránaí ceoldrámaíochta]]<br/>[[ealaíontóir taifeadta]]<br/>[[ceoltóir]] | data-sort-value="1974" | 1974-08-24 | | [[Cnoc an Eanaigh]] | | [[:d:Q2447901|Q2447901]] | 12 |- | [[Camille O'Sullivan]] | | aisteoir agus ceoltóir Éireannach | [[péintéir]]<br/>[[amhránaí]]<br/>[[ailtire]]<br/>[[aisteoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir stáitse]] | data-sort-value="1974" | 1974-12-30 | | [[Londain]] | | [[:d:Q2935027|Q2935027]] | 6 |- | [[Eva Birthistle]] | [[Íomhá:Eva Birthistle in 2007.jpg|center|40px]] | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]]<br/>[[stiúrthóir scannán]] | data-sort-value="1974" | 1974 | | [[Bré]] | | [[:d:Q3061229|Q3061229]] | 17 |- | [[Deirdre Gallagher]] | | lúthchleasaí | [[siúlóir rása]] | data-sort-value="1974" | 1974-07-13 | | | | [[:d:Q5252565|Q5252565]] | 2 |- | [[Jenny McCauley]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] mountain biker (*1974) ♀ | [[mountain biker]] | data-sort-value="1974" | 1974-07-18 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q17104427|Q17104427]] | 3 |- | [[Tara Blaise]] | | ban-aisteoir agus amhránaí Éireannach | [[amhránaí]]<br/>[[aisteoir stáitse]] | data-sort-value="1975" | 1975-03-01 | | [[Londain]] | | [[:d:Q2091210|Q2091210]] | 5 |- | [[Marie Davenport]] | | lúthchleasaí | [[cianreathaí]] | data-sort-value="1975" | 1975-01-24 | | [[Inis Díomáin]] | | [[:d:Q6762820|Q6762820]] | 1 |- | [[Maria McCambridge]] | [[Íomhá:Maria McCambridge Berlin 2015.jpg|center|40px]] | cianreathaí Éireannach | [[reathaí maratóin]] | data-sort-value="1975" | 1975-07-10 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q16210935|Q16210935]] | 2 |- | [[Rosemary Ryan]] | | cianreathaí Éireannach | [[cianreathaí]] | data-sort-value="1975" | 1975-11-08 | | [[Luimneach]] | | [[:d:Q22415175|Q22415175]] | 2 |- | [[Catherine O'Neill]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1975) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1975" | 1975-12-04 | | [[Ros Mhic Thriúin]] | | [[:d:Q27464978|Q27464978]] | 1 |- | [[Sarah Ennis]] | [[Íomhá:2025 European Eventing Championships 20250920 114320.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] marcach (*1975) ♀ | [[marcach]] | data-sort-value="1975" | 1975-03-13 | | | | [[:d:Q56697421|Q56697421]] | 4 |- | [[Olive Loughnane]] | | lúthchleasaí Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1976" | 1976-01-14 | | [[Corcaigh]] | | [[:d:Q270214|Q270214]] | 17 |- | [[Gillian O'Sullivan]] | | lúthchleasaí Éireannach | [[siúlóir rása]] | data-sort-value="1976" | 1976-08-21 | | [[Cill Airne]] | | [[:d:Q447794|Q447794]] | 14 |- | [[Natalia O'Shea]] | [[Íomhá:Helavisa5.jpg|center|40px]] | ceoltóir agus teangeolaí Rúiseach | [[teangeolaí]]<br/>[[amhránaí]]<br/>[[cumadóir]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[cumadóir amhrán]]<br/>[[cláirseoir]]<br/>[[cóiritheoir ceoil]] | data-sort-value="1976" | 1976-09-03 | | [[Moscó]] | | [[:d:Q2378234|Q2378234]] | 10 |- | [[Sinéad Lynch]] | | iomróir Éireannach | [[iomróir]]<br/>[[rothaí spóirt]] | data-sort-value="1976" | 1976-09-30 | | [[Leitir Ceanainn]] | | [[:d:Q7522382|Q7522382]] | 6 |- | [[Karen Shinkins]] | | rábálaí Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1976" | 1976-10-15 | | | | [[:d:Q11735683|Q11735683]] | 4 |- | [[Claire McCarthy]] | | reathaí fadraoin Éireannach | [[cianreathaí]] | data-sort-value="1976" | 1976-06-29 | | | | [[:d:Q39073573|Q39073573]] | 1 |- | [[Giada Gray]] | [[Íomhá:Moritz A. Sachs und Giada Gray (1997).jpg|center|40px]] | aisteoir | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[déantóir scannán]]<br/>[[stiúrthóir scannán]] | data-sort-value="1977" | 1977-06-23 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q62318|Q62318]] | 2 |- | [[Gemma Hayes]] | [[Íomhá:Gemma Hayes.png|center|40px]] | amhránaí agus cumadóir Éireannach | [[amhránaí is scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[amhránaí]]<br/>[[ealaíontóir taifeadta]] | data-sort-value="1977" | 1977-08-11 | | [[Béal Átha Póirín]] | | [[:d:Q273220|Q273220]] | 12 |- | [[Genevieve O'Reilly]] | [[Íomhá:Genevieve O'Reilly at a panel at the 2025 Star Wars Celebration in Japan (cropped).jpg|center|40px]] | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir stáitse]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]]<br/>[[aisteoir]] | data-sort-value="1977" | 1977-01-06 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q438161|Q438161]] | 22 |- | [[Eileen Walsh]] | [[Íomhá:Eileen Walsh at Berlinale 2024-1.jpg|center|40px]] | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir scannáin]]<br/>[[aisteoir]] | data-sort-value="1977" | 1977-04-16 | | [[Corcaigh]] | | [[:d:Q517868|Q517868]] | 14 |- | [[Lisa Dwan]] | [[Íomhá:Lisa dwan 2022 1.jpg|center|40px]] | ban-aisteoir | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]]<br/>[[aisteoir stáitse]] | data-sort-value="1977" | 1977-11-25 | | [[Coosan]] | | [[:d:Q1827725|Q1827725]] | 5 |- | [[Melanie Clark Pullen]] | | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir stáitse]]<br/>[[stiúrthóir scannán]] | data-sort-value="1977" | 1977-07-02 | data-sort-value="2022" | 2022-03-29 | [[Bré]] | | [[:d:Q1918954|Q1918954]] | 7 |- | [[Laoise Ní Cheallaigh]] | | amhránaí Éireannach | [[amhránaí]]<br/>[[pianódóir]] | data-sort-value="1977" | 1977-05-07 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q2619994|Q2619994]] | 11 |- | [[Brídín Ní Bhraonáin]] | | amhránaí Éireannach | [[amhránaí]] | data-sort-value="1977" | 1977-01-20 | | [[Gaoth Dobhair]] | | [[:d:Q3247179|Q3247179]] | 6 |- | [[Caitriona Beggs]] | | cruicéadaí | [[cruicéadaí]] | data-sort-value="1977" | 1977-07-15 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q5017933|Q5017933]] | 3 |- | [[Tarja Owens]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] mountain biker agus oistéapat (*1977) ♀ | [[mountain biker]]<br/>[[oistéapat]] | data-sort-value="1977" | 1977-05-25 | | [[Cill Mhantáin]]<br/>[[Deilgne]] | | [[:d:Q17106405|Q17106405]] | 4 |- | [[Lindsay Armaou]] | [[Íomhá:Lindsay Armaou in Manchester.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] [[Amhránaí|amhránaí]], [[Aisteoir|aisteoir]] agus [[Ceoltóir|ceoltóir]] (fl. 1997–) (*1978) ♀; member of [[B*Witched]]; spouse of Lee Brennan agus Pahl | [[amhránaí]]<br/>[[aisteoir]]<br/>[[ceoltóir]] | data-sort-value="1978" | 1978-12-18 | | [[an Aithin]] | | [[:d:Q2096443|Q2096443]] | 6 |- | [[Cathy Davey]] | [[Íomhá:Cathy Davey.jpg|center|40px]] | ceoltóir Éireannach | [[amhránaí is scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[cumadóir]]<br/>[[giotáraí]] | data-sort-value="1978" | 1978 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q2942190|Q2942190]] | 4 |- | [[Grainne Kierans]] | | imreoir sacair | [[imreoir sacair]]<br/>[[bainisteoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1978" | 1978-09-20 | | [[Droichead Átha]] | | [[:d:Q5593528|Q5593528]] | 3 |- | [[Stephanie Reilly]] | | lúthchleasaí | [[cianreathaí]] | data-sort-value="1978" | 1978-02-23 | | | | [[:d:Q7608378|Q7608378]] | 4 |- | [[Breege Connelly]] | [[Íomhá:Breege Connolly Rio2016.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1978) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1978" | 1978-02-01 | | | | [[:d:Q26218407|Q26218407]] | 3 |- | [[Fiona Glennon]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1978" | 1978 | | | | [[:d:Q65554285|Q65554285]] | 0 |- | [[Pauline Glennon]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1978" | 1978 | | | | [[:d:Q65554524|Q65554524]] | 0 |- | [[Sinead Leahy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1978) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1978" | 1978-01-16 | | | | [[:d:Q135381706|Q135381706]] | 0 |- | [[Bernadette Flynn]] | [[Íomhá:Bernadette Flynn.jpg|center|40px]] | damhsóir Éireannach | [[damhsóir]] | data-sort-value="1979" | 1979-08-01 | | [[An tAonach]] | | [[:d:Q445819|Q445819]] | 8 |- | [[Caroline Ryan]] | [[Íomhá:2015 UEC Track Elite European Championships 58.JPG|center|40px]] | rothaí Éireannach | [[iomróir]]<br/>[[rothaí spóirt]] | data-sort-value="1979" | 1979-10-10 | | [[Baile Mhic Andáin]] | | [[:d:Q511066|Q511066]] | 10 |- | [[Emma Byrne]] | [[Íomhá:Emma Byrne 2014 (cropped).jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir sacair | [[imreoir sacair]]<br/>[[bainisteoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1979" | 1979-06-14 | | [[Léim an Bhradáin]] | | [[:d:Q533443|Q533443]] | 13 |- | [[Maite Kelly]] | [[Íomhá:Zimmer frei - der Abschied-2099.jpg|center|40px]] | amhránaí Éireannach | [[amhránaí]]<br/>[[aisteoir]]<br/>[[ceoltóir]]<br/>[[giotáraí]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir ceolamharclannaíochta]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir litríocht pháistí]]<br/>[[oideoir]] | data-sort-value="1979" | 1979-12-04 | | [[Beirlín Thiar]]<br/>[[Beirlín]] | | [[:d:Q1885940|Q1885940]] | 6 |- | [[Kelly Liggan]] | | imreoir leadóige Éireannach | [[imreoir leadóige]] | data-sort-value="1979" | 1979-02-05 | | [[an Spáinn]] | | [[:d:Q3194905|Q3194905]] | 10 |- | [[Máiréad Nesbitt]] | [[Íomhá:Mairead Nesbitt at MacQuarie Centre 02.jpg|center|40px]] | veidhleadóir Éireannach | [[veidhleadóir]]<br/>[[cumadóir]]<br/>[[classical violinist]]<br/>[[ceoltóir]] | data-sort-value="1979" | 1979-04-18 | | [[Luachma]] | | [[:d:Q3300102|Q3300102]] | 14 |- | [[Ciara McCormack]] | | imreoir sacair | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1979" | 1979-09-29 | | [[North Vancouver]] | | [[:d:Q5119123|Q5119123]] | 5 |- | [[Denise Thomas]] | | peileadóir | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1979" | 1979-12-22 | | | | [[:d:Q5257778|Q5257778]] | 2 |- | [[Ruth Kilkenny]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1979" | 1979 | | | | [[:d:Q65554558|Q65554558]] | 0 |- | [[Clare Flood]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1980" | 1980s | | | | [[:d:Q518775|Q518775]] | 1 |- | [[Roisin McGettigan]] | | lúthchleasaí | [[reathaí]] | data-sort-value="1980" | 1980-08-23 | | [[Cill Mhantáin]] | | [[:d:Q4966678|Q4966678]] | 5 |- | [[Ronnie Gibbons]] | | imreoir sacair | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1980" | 1980-01-16 | | [[Wandsworth]] | | [[:d:Q7365872|Q7365872]] | 4 |- | [[Ciara Sheehy]] | | rábálaí Éireannach | [[rábálaí]] | data-sort-value="1980" | 1980-08-12 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q22002462|Q22002462]] | 1 |- | [[Lizzie Lee]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1980) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1980" | 1980-05-22 | | | | [[:d:Q26267482|Q26267482]] | 3 |- | [[Caitriona Farrell]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1980" | 1980 | | | | [[:d:Q27763839|Q27763839]] | 0 |- | [[Jean Carroll]] | | cruicéadaí | [[cruicéadaí]] | data-sort-value="1980" | 1980-06-19 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q28233007|Q28233007]] | 4 |- | [[Lindsay Peat]] | | imreoir rugbaí Éireannach | [[imreoir rugbaí]]<br/>[[imreoir sacair]]<br/>[[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1980" | 1980-11-05 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q42666501|Q42666501]] | 1 |- | [[Ann Marie McGlynn]] | | Cianreathaí (*1980) ♀ | [[cianreathaí]] | data-sort-value="1980" | 1980-02-22 | | | | [[:d:Q102401300|Q102401300]] | 1 |- | [[Siobhan Kilkenny]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1980) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1980" | 1980-06-17 | | | | [[:d:Q119539359|Q119539359]] | 0 |- | [[Susan Moran]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir agus cóitseálaí cispheile (*1980) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]]<br/>[[cóitseálaí cispheile]] | data-sort-value="1980" | 1980-01-17 | | | | [[:d:Q119548345|Q119548345]] | 1 |- | [[Lynda Guy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1980) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1980" | 1980-07-21 | | | | [[:d:Q135381707|Q135381707]] | 0 |- | [[Derval O'Rourke]] | [[Íomhá:Derval O'Rourke Barcelona2010.jpg|center|40px]] | lúthchleasaí Éireannach | [[cliathreathaí]] | data-sort-value="1981" | 1981-05-28 | | [[Corcaigh]] | | [[:d:Q269905|Q269905]] | 20 |- | [[Roberta Howett]] | | amhránaí Éireannach | [[amhránaí]]<br/>[[cumadóir amhrán]] | data-sort-value="1981" | 1981-09-26 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q1249563|Q1249563]] | 3 |- | [[Bing Huang]] | | imreoir badmantain Éireannach | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1981" | 1981 | | [[Shenyang]] | | [[:d:Q1408084|Q1408084]] | 2 |- | [[Rebecca Codd]] | [[Íomhá:Rebecca Codd.JPG|center|40px]] | galfaire Éireannach | [[galfaire]] | data-sort-value="1981" | 1981-04-25 | | [[Adelaide]] | | [[:d:Q1871491|Q1871491]] | 3 |- | [[Eileen O'Keeffe]] | | caiteoir oird Éireannach | [[caiteoir oird]] | data-sort-value="1981" | 1981-05-31 | | | | [[:d:Q2741358|Q2741358]] | 5 |- | [[Yvonne Tracy]] | [[Íomhá:Yvonne Tracy at the Emirates Stadium, London - 20090524.jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir sacair | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1981" | 1981-02-27 | | [[Luimneach]] | | [[:d:Q3574236|Q3574236]] | 8 |- | [[Ailis McSweeney]] | | rábálaí | [[rábálaí]] | data-sort-value="1981" | 1981<br/>1983-10-04 | | | | [[:d:Q4697077|Q4697077]] | 1 |- | [[Jenny McDonough]] | [[Íomhá:Jenny McDonough.JPG|center|40px]] | imreoir haca Éireannach | [[imreoir haca]] | data-sort-value="1981" | 1981-04-23 | | [[Béal Feirste]] | | [[:d:Q6179391|Q6179391]] | 2 |- | [[Michelle Carey]] | [[Íomhá:Michelle Carey (athlete) (cropped).jpg|center|40px]] | lúthchleasaí Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1981" | 1981-03-20<br/>1981-02-20 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q6836951|Q6836951]] | 6 |- | [[Jennifer O'Sullivan]] | | lúthchleasaí Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1981" | 1981-02-09 | | | | [[:d:Q11724189|Q11724189]] | 1 |- | [[Judy Reynolds]] | [[Íomhá:Judy Reynolds, 2014 (cropped).JPG|center|40px]] | marcach eachraíochta | [[dressage rider]] | data-sort-value="1981" | 1981-06-11 | | [[Cill Dara]] | | [[:d:Q19518281|Q19518281]] | 4 |- | [[Kerry O'Flaherty]] | [[Íomhá:10068 Kerry O'Flaherty.jpg|center|40px]] | lúthchleasaí Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1981" | 1981-07-15 | | [[Baile Nua na hArda]] | | [[:d:Q20967858|Q20967858]] | 7 |- | [[Melanie Späth]] | [[Íomhá:2015 UEC Track Elite European Championships 60.JPG|center|40px]] | rothaí | [[rothaí spóirt]] | data-sort-value="1981" | 1981-06-16 | | [[Flensburg]] | | [[:d:Q21197651|Q21197651]] | 5 |- | [[Emily Maher]] | | rábálaí Éireannach | [[rábálaí]] | data-sort-value="1981" | 1981-05-02 | | [[Cill Chainnigh]] | | [[:d:Q22002445|Q22002445]] | 2 |- | [[Lisa Lynas]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1981" | 1981-11-03 | | | | [[:d:Q27267562|Q27267562]] | 1 |- | [[Martina McCarthy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] rábálaí (*1981) ♀ | [[rábálaí]] | data-sort-value="1981" | 1981-10-27 | | | | [[:d:Q39270831|Q39270831]] | 1 |- | [[Suzanne Kenealy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cruicéadaí (*1981) ♀ | [[cruicéadaí]] | data-sort-value="1981" | 1981-11-27 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q43289629|Q43289629]] | 3 |- | [[Wallis Bird]] | [[Íomhá:Wallisbird2007.jpg|center|40px]] | ceoltóir Éireannach | [[ceoltóir]]<br/>[[cumadóir amhrán]]<br/>[[amhránaí]]<br/>[[giotáraí]]<br/>[[cumadóir]] | data-sort-value="1982" | 1982-01-29 | | [[Loch Garman]] | | [[:d:Q444966|Q444966]] | 10 |- | [[Deirdre Ryan]] | [[Íomhá:RyanDeirdre 2012.jpg|center|40px]] | léimneoir ard Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1982" | 1982-06-01 | | [[Dún Droma]] | | [[:d:Q518463|Q518463]] | 7 |- | [[Eimear Mullan]] | [[Íomhá:Eimear Mullan Ironman 70.3 Austria 2012.jpg|center|40px]] | trí-atlanaí Éireannach | [[trí-atlanaí]] | data-sort-value="1982" | 1982-05-21 | | [[Port Stíobhaird]] | | [[:d:Q1279348|Q1279348]] | 5 |- | [[Rachel Neylan]] | [[Íomhá:Women's road race - Rio 2016 (28783792620).jpg|center|40px]] | rothaí Astrálach | [[rothaí spóirt]] | data-sort-value="1982" | 1982-03-09 | | [[Sydney]] | | [[:d:Q2125227|Q2125227]] | 14 |- | [[Lynn Hilary]] | | amhránaí agus ceoltóir Éireannach | [[amhránaí]]<br/>[[giotáraí]]<br/>[[cumadóir]] | data-sort-value="1982" | 1982-04-21 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q2420865|Q2420865]] | 12 |- | [[Mary Cullen]] | | reathaí meánraoin agus fadraoin Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1982" | 1982-08-17 | | | | [[:d:Q4943747|Q4943747]] | 6 |- | [[Marian Heffernan]] | | lúthchleasaí Éireannach | [[rábálaí]] | data-sort-value="1982" | 1982-04-16 | | [[Corcaigh]] | | [[:d:Q6761898|Q6761898]] | 5 |- | [[Michelle Walsh]] | | imreoir sacair | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1982" | 1982-08-02 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q6837287|Q6837287]] | 3 |- | [[Deirdre Byrne]] | | cianreathaí Éireannach | [[reathaí meánfhaid]]<br/>[[cianreathaí]] | data-sort-value="1982" | 1982-09-21 | | | | [[:d:Q25936076|Q25936076]] | 2 |- | [[Michelle Fahy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1982) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1982" | 1982-03-26 | | | | [[:d:Q119544512|Q119544512]] | 0 |- | [[Niamh Dwyer]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1982) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1982" | 1982-07-08 | | | | [[:d:Q119547098|Q119547098]] | 0 |- | [[Kate Maher]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1982) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1982" | 1982-06-21 | | | | [[:d:Q119553910|Q119553910]] | 0 |- | [[Amanda Mary O'Regan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1982) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1982" | 1982-04-26 | | | | [[:d:Q135382828|Q135382828]] | 0 |- | [[Caroline Jane Nixon]] | | [[An Astráil|Astrálach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1982) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1982" | 1982-04-24 | | | | [[:d:Q135383846|Q135383846]] | 0 |- | [[Jennifer Coady]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1982) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1982" | 1982-06-07 | | | | [[:d:Q135385145|Q135385145]] | 0 |- | [[Katie McGrath]] | [[Íomhá:Heroes Assemble IMG 9226 (42762338021).jpg|center|40px]] | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]]<br/>[[aisteoir teilifíse]] | data-sort-value="1983" | 1983-01-03 | | [[Áth na Fuinseoige]] | | [[:d:Q253440|Q253440]] | 44 |- | [[Carly Smithson]] | [[Íomhá:Carly Smithson in parade.jpg|center|40px]] | amhránaí Éireannach | [[ceoltóir]]<br/>[[amhránaí]]<br/>[[cumadóir amhrán]]<br/>[[amhránaí is scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir]] | data-sort-value="1983" | 1983-09-12 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q292301|Q292301]] | 16 |- | [[Ava Hutchinson]] | [[Íomhá:Ava Hutchinson - 2012 Olympics marathon.jpg|center|40px]] | lúthchleasaí | [[cianreathaí]] | data-sort-value="1983" | 1983-03-30 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q4827385|Q4827385]] | 4 |- | [[Hannah Craig]] | [[Íomhá:Slalom canoeing 2012 Olympics W K1 IRL Hannah Craig.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] canúálaí (*1983) ♀ | [[canúálaí]] | data-sort-value="1983" | 1983-02-10 | | | | [[:d:Q5648813|Q5648813]] | 2 |- | [[Stef Curtis]] | | imreoir sacair | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1983" | 1983-12-05 | | [[Briostó]] | | [[:d:Q7605993|Q7605993]] | 4 |- | [[Aoife Hoey]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta agus bobshleamhnóir (*1983) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]]<br/>[[bobshleamhnóir]] | data-sort-value="1983" | 1983-09-06 | | [[Cúil an tSúdaire]] | | [[:d:Q7905573|Q7905573]] | 5 |- | [[Zoë Brown]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1983) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1983" | 1983-09-15 | | | | [[:d:Q9392042|Q9392042]] | 1 |- | [[Cecelia Joyce]] | | cruicéadaí | [[cruicéadaí]] | data-sort-value="1983" | 1983-07-25 | | [[Cill Mhantáin]] | | [[:d:Q12978229|Q12978229]] | 7 |- | [[Kim Fitzpatrick]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1983) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1983" | 1983-02-24 | | | | [[:d:Q119537533|Q119537533]] | 0 |- | [[Mary Fox]] | | [[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|Meiriceánach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1983) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1983" | 1983-05-08 | | [[Fairview Park]] | | [[:d:Q119562828|Q119562828]] | 0 |- | [[Mellissa Prunty]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1983) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1983" | 1983-05-25 | | | | [[:d:Q135385143|Q135385143]] | 0 |- | [[Miriam Liston]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1983) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1983" | 1983-01-04 | | | | [[:d:Q135385144|Q135385144]] | 0 |- | [[Nora-Jane Noone]] | [[Íomhá:Nora-Jane Noone at the 2024 Toronto International Film Festival (cropped).jpg|center|40px]] | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir scannáin]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984-03-08 | | [[Gaillimh]] | | [[:d:Q292107|Q292107]] | 14 |- | [[Joanne Cuddihy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1984) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984-05-11 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q458353|Q458353]] | 7 |- | [[Leanne Moore]] | | amhránaí Éireannach | [[amhránaí]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984-07-24 | | [[Luimneach]] | | [[:d:Q945587|Q945587]] | 4 |- | [[Ruth Kearney]] | | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir teilifíse]]<br/>[[aisteoir stáitse]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984-11-11 | | [[Lambeth]] | | [[:d:Q1535775|Q1535775]] | 10 |- | [[Charlene McKenna]] | [[Íomhá:Charlene McKenna (2008).jpg|center|40px]] | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir stáitse]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984-03-26 | | [[Glasloch]] | | [[:d:Q2957880|Q2957880]] | 12 |- | [[Fionnuala McCormack]] | [[Íomhá:Fionnuala Britton Velenje 2011.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta agus cianreathaí (*1984) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]]<br/>[[cianreathaí]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984-09-24 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q3072729|Q3072729]] | 11 |- | [[Niamh Briggs]] | | imreoir rugbaí Éireannach | [[imreoir rugbaí]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984-09-30 | | [[Dún na Mainistreach]] | | [[:d:Q3339465|Q3339465]] | 2 |- | [[Shannon McDonnell]] | | imreoir sacair | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984-09-28 | | [[Orland Park]] | | [[:d:Q7488908|Q7488908]] | 3 |- | [[Siobhan Byrne]] | | pionsóir Oilimpeach | [[pionsóir]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir scripte]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984-08-13 | | [[Ostfildern]] | | [[:d:Q7525288|Q7525288]] | 2 |- | [[Gillian Búrc]] | | imreoir rugbaí Éireannach | [[imreoir rugbaí]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984-08-28 | | [[Luimneach]] | | [[:d:Q17859745|Q17859745]] | 1 |- | [[Lydia Gurley]] | [[Íomhá:2016 2017 UCI Track World Cup Apeldoorn 226.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] raonrothaí (*1984) ♀ | [[raonrothaí]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984-09-09 | | [[Baile Átha an Rí]] | | [[:d:Q27517415|Q27517415]] | 9 |- | [[Monika Gedvilaite]] | | Imreoir fichille (*1984) ♀ | [[imreoir fichille]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984-11-16 | | | | [[:d:Q28479153|Q28479153]] | 0 |- | [[Sandra Lynch]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984 | | | | [[:d:Q65554564|Q65554564]] | 0 |- | [[Donna Marie Buckley]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1984) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984-02-10 | | | | [[:d:Q135384128|Q135384128]] | 0 |- | [[Jennifer Anne Maher]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1984) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984-11-15 | | | | [[:d:Q135385017|Q135385017]] | 0 |- | [[Jennifer Ann Kelly]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1984) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984-09-26 | | | | [[:d:Q135385018|Q135385018]] | 0 |- | [[Margaret Bourke]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1984) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984-04-30 | | | | [[:d:Q135385019|Q135385019]] | 0 |- | [[Grainne Dwyer]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1984) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984-12-19 | | | | [[:d:Q135385020|Q135385020]] | 0 |- | [[Mairead Finnegan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1984) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984-03-25 | | | | [[:d:Q135385021|Q135385021]] | 0 |- | [[Lynn Jones]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1984) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984-05-20 | | | | [[:d:Q135385022|Q135385022]] | 0 |- | [[Niamh Mullally]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1984) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1984" | 1984-02-04 | | | | [[:d:Q135385023|Q135385023]] | 0 |- | [[Rachel Wyse]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] láithreoir teilifíse agus marcach (*1985) ♀; spouse of Tim Gredley | [[láithreoir teilifíse]]<br/>[[marcach]] | data-sort-value="1985" | 1985-01-22 | | [[Cill Dara]] | | [[:d:Q1568896|Q1568896]] | 3 |- | [[Natalie Britton]] | | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[stiúrthóir scannán]] | data-sort-value="1985" | 1985-02-21 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q2165668|Q2165668]] | 0 |- | [[Georgia Salpa]] | [[Íomhá:Georgia salpa.jpg|center|40px]] | mainicín Gréagach-Éireannach | [[Mainicín faisin|mainicín]] | data-sort-value="1985" | 1985-05-14 | | [[an Aithin]] | | [[:d:Q2586982|Q2586982]] | 16 |- | [[Gemma-Leah Devereux]] | | ban-aisteoir | [[aisteoir]] | data-sort-value="1985" | 1985<br/>1990-08-09 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q2688973|Q2688973]] | 6 |- | [[Kirsten McGarry]] | | sciálaí Alpach Éireannach | [[sciálaí Alpach]]<br/>[[sciálaí saorstíle]] | data-sort-value="1985" | 1985-07-25 | | [[Deilginis]] | | [[:d:Q2780652|Q2780652]] | 6 |- | [[Claire Bergin]] | | bobshleamhnóir Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1985" | 1985-02-01 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q5125145|Q5125145]] | 5 |- | [[Marie Curtin]] | | imreoir sacair | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1985" | 1985-08-07 | | [[Luimneach]] | | [[:d:Q6762814|Q6762814]] | 3 |- | [[Caroline O'Sullivan]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1985" | 1985 | | | | [[:d:Q65554212|Q65554212]] | 0 |- | [[Emer Foley]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1985) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1985" | 1985-12-14 | | | | [[:d:Q119567267|Q119567267]] | 0 |- | [[Mischa Barton]] | [[Íomhá:Mischa Barton 2017.png|center|40px]] | aisteoir Briotanach-Meireacánach | [[aisteoir scannáin]]<br/>[[aisteoir linbh]]<br/>[[Mainicín faisin|mainicín]]<br/>[[aisteoir stáitse]]<br/>[[aisteoir teilifíse]]<br/>[[aisteoir]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-01-24 | | [[Hammersmith]] | | [[:d:Q207458|Q207458]] | 51 |- | [[Dominique McElligott]] | [[Íomhá:Dominique McElligott - Cannes.jpg|center|40px]] | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-03-05 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q456651|Q456651]] | 29 |- | [[Fiona O'Sullivan]] | [[Íomhá:Fiona O'Sullivan in San Jose.jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir sacair gairmiúil | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-09-17 | | [[San Geronimo]] | | [[:d:Q4970710|Q4970710]] | 12 |- | [[Catriona Cuddihy]] | | lúthchleasaí | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-12-05 | | [[Cill Chainnigh]] | | [[:d:Q5053959|Q5053959]] | 2 |- | [[Sophie Perry]] | [[Íomhá:Sophie Perry.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|Briotanach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]] imreoir sacair (*1986) ♀ | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-11-11 | | [[Brighton]] | | [[:d:Q7563050|Q7563050]] | 7 |- | [[Linda Byrne]] | [[Íomhá:Linda Byrne.jpg|center|40px]] | lúthchleasaí | [[cianreathaí]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-05-13 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q11756918|Q11756918]] | 7 |- | [[Rebecca Rolfe]] | | cruicéadaí | [[cruicéadaí]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-11-27 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q16225377|Q16225377]] | 3 |- | [[Jennie King]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-02-28 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q26804583|Q26804583]] | 3 |- | [[Jill Whelan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cruicéadaí (*1986) ♀ | [[cruicéadaí]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-12-28 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q27567873|Q27567873]] | 3 |- | [[Sarah McCormack]] | [[Íomhá:20120310-UK-Inter-County-Cross-Country-03555 (6826896314).jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1986) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-08-19 | | [[Michigan]] | | [[:d:Q70926851|Q70926851]] | 2 |- | [[Sinead Kavanagh]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] ealaíontóir comhraic measctha (*1986) ♀ | [[ealaíontóir comhraic measctha]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-02-01 | | | | [[:d:Q86340580|Q86340580]] | 3 |- | [[Joanne Maire Ni Mhathuna]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1986) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-12-02 | | | | [[:d:Q135381383|Q135381383]] | 0 |- | [[Cathy Grant]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1986) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-08-05 | | | | [[:d:Q135381384|Q135381384]] | 0 |- | [[Stephanie Teresa O'Reilly]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1986) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-11-01 | | | | [[:d:Q135382401|Q135382401]] | 0 |- | [[Janet Elisabeth Byrne]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1986) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-12-22 | | | | [[:d:Q135382413|Q135382413]] | 0 |- | [[Patricia McCarthy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1986) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-02-11 | | | | [[:d:Q135384028|Q135384028]] | 0 |- | [[Rebecca O'Mahony]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|briotanach]] cispheileadóir (*1986) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-08-07 | | | | [[:d:Q135384029|Q135384029]] | 0 |- | [[Kate Mullins]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1986) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-05-17 | | | | [[:d:Q135384032|Q135384032]] | 0 |- | [[Kellie Cahalane]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1986) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-05-30 | | | | [[:d:Q135384033|Q135384033]] | 0 |- | [[Alison Murray]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1986) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-02-21 | | | | [[:d:Q135384036|Q135384036]] | 0 |- | [[Brenda Lavelle]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1986) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-03-26 | | | | [[:d:Q135384040|Q135384040]] | 0 |- | [[Mairead Kirby]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1986) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-01-31 | | | | [[:d:Q135384041|Q135384041]] | 0 |- | [[Almha O'Keeffe]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1986) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-01-06 | | | | [[:d:Q135384042|Q135384042]] | 0 |- | [[Joanne Mahon]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1986) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-12-02 | | | | [[:d:Q135384043|Q135384043]] | 0 |- | [[Nichola O'Toole]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1986) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-01-09 | | | | [[:d:Q135384044|Q135384044]] | 0 |- | [[Edel Kelly]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1986) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-03-28 | | | | [[:d:Q135384045|Q135384045]] | 0 |- | [[Patricia O'Sullivan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1986) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-01-27 | | | | [[:d:Q135384129|Q135384129]] | 0 |- | [[Lisa Colette Palmer]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1986) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1986" | 1986-04-28 | | | | [[:d:Q135384131|Q135384131]] | 0 |- | [[Jayne Wisener]] | [[Íomhá:Jayne Wisener.jpg|center|40px]] | ban-aisteoir | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[amhránaí]]<br/>[[aisteoir stáitse]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]]<br/>[[ceoltóir]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-05-19 | | [[Baile Monaidh]] | | [[:d:Q387132|Q387132]] | 15 |- | [[Laura Izibor]] | [[Íomhá:Laura Izibor, 2008 (cropped).jpg|center|40px]] | ceoltóir Éireannach | [[ceoltóir]]<br/>[[amhránaí]]<br/>[[pianódóir]]<br/>[[amhránaí is scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[Léiritheoir ceoil|léiritheoir ceirníní]]<br/>[[ealaíontóir taifeadta]]<br/>[[cumadóir]]<br/>[[cumadóir amhrán]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-05-13 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q437622|Q437622]] | 7 |- | [[Jenna O'Hea]] | [[Íomhá:Jenna O'Hea at day three of the Opals camp.jpg|center|40px]] | cispheileadóir Astrálach | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-06-06 | | [[Melbourne]] | | [[:d:Q622730|Q622730]] | 17 |- | [[Claire Brady]] | | cianreathaí Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-01-20<br/>1987-01-29 | | [[Cill Dara]] | | [[:d:Q1094778|Q1094778]] | 3 |- | [[Danielle Fox-Clarke]] | | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-08-22 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q3014994|Q3014994]] | 2 |- | [[Tori Pena]] | [[Íomhá:Tori Pena.jpg|center|40px]] | léimneoir cuaille Meiriceánach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-07-30 | | [[Los Alamitos]] | | [[:d:Q7825761|Q7825761]] | 7 |- | [[Nicola Twohig]] | | imreoir sacair | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-04-28 | | [[Manchain]] | | [[:d:Q10484148|Q10484148]] | 1 |- | [[Roseanne Galligan]] | [[Íomhá:Roseanne Galligan 2013.jpg|center|40px]] | lúthchleasaí Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-12-09 | | [[Droichead Nua]] | | [[:d:Q16209460|Q16209460]] | 2 |- | [[Nicola Sinnott]] | [[Íomhá:Nicola Sinnott.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] imreoir sacair (*1987) ♀ | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-08-08 | | | | [[:d:Q22280384|Q22280384]] | 2 |- | [[Emma Beckett]] | [[Íomhá:Lewes FC Women 1 Watford Women 2 07 11 2021-526 (51661727617).jpg|center|40px]] | [[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|Briotanach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]] imreoir sacair (*1987) ♀ | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-05-29 | | [[Northampton]] | | [[:d:Q61827370|Q61827370]] | 4 |- | [[Louise Galvin]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] imreoir rugbaí, cispheileadóir agus fisiteiripeoir (*1987) ♀ | [[imreoir rugbaí]]<br/>[[cispheileadóir]]<br/>[[fisiteiripeoir]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-04-03 | | [[Fionnúig]] | | [[:d:Q78056158|Q78056158]] | 0 |- | [[Elaine O'Dwyer]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1987) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-10-04 | | | | [[:d:Q135379955|Q135379955]] | 0 |- | [[Emma M. Mullane]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1987) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-12-09 | | | | [[:d:Q135379956|Q135379956]] | 0 |- | [[Hansey Lucy Sexton]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1987) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-07-16 | | | | [[:d:Q135381381|Q135381381]] | 0 |- | [[Hannah Mary Coen]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1987) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-07-24 | | | | [[:d:Q135381385|Q135381385]] | 0 |- | [[Natasha Ryan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1987) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-10-27 | | | | [[:d:Q135381842|Q135381842]] | 0 |- | [[Fiona Meany]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1987) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-11-17 | | | | [[:d:Q135381843|Q135381843]] | 0 |- | [[Kelly Johnston]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1987) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-09-05 | | | | [[:d:Q135381844|Q135381844]] | 0 |- | [[Kathryn Fahy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1987) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-06-17 | | | | [[:d:Q135381845|Q135381845]] | 0 |- | [[Sheena Catherine Egan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1987) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-04-13 | | | | [[:d:Q135381846|Q135381846]] | 0 |- | [[Miriam Byrne]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1987) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-06-05 | | | | [[:d:Q135381847|Q135381847]] | 0 |- | [[Bernice Byrne]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1987) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-10-18 | | | | [[:d:Q135381848|Q135381848]] | 0 |- | [[Fiona Scally]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1987) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-06-26 | | | | [[:d:Q135384536|Q135384536]] | 0 |- | [[Anne Marie Butler]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1987) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-02-18 | | | | [[:d:Q135384537|Q135384537]] | 0 |- | [[Eileen O'Connor]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1987) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-04-24 | | | | [[:d:Q135384538|Q135384538]] | 0 |- | [[Lorraine Dolan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1987) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-07-27 | | | | [[:d:Q135384539|Q135384539]] | 0 |- | [[Julie Wilkins]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1987) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-11-04 | | | | [[:d:Q135384542|Q135384542]] | 0 |- | [[Ailish O'Donoghue]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1987) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1987" | 1987-06-18 | | | | [[:d:Q135384543|Q135384543]] | 0 |- | [[Sinéad Mulvey]] | [[Íomhá:Sinéad Mulvay.jpg|center|40px]] | amhránaí Éireannach | [[amhránaí]]<br/>[[aeróstach]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-01-22 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q255095|Q255095]] | 20 |- | [[Chloe Magee]] | [[Íomhá:Chloe Magee Irish Open Mixed Double Champions 2018 (cropped).jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]]<br/>[[Olympic competitor]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-11-29 | | [[Ráth Bhoth]] | | [[:d:Q468589|Q468589]] | 13 |- | [[Méabh de Búrca]] | [[Íomhá:Meabh De Burca.jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir sacair Éireannach | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-08-11 | | [[Gaillimh]] | | [[:d:Q509493|Q509493]] | 5 |- | [[Erin Keery]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-02-16 | | | | [[:d:Q1354600|Q1354600]] | 2 |- | [[Lynn Styles]] | | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[Mainicín faisin|mainicín]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-12-29 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q2708041|Q2708041]] | 7 |- | [[Julia Moriarty]] | | imreoir leadóige Éireannach | [[imreoir leadóige]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-12-03 | | [[Adelaide]] | | [[:d:Q6306589|Q6306589]] | 4 |- | [[Melanie Nocher]] | | snámhóir Éireannach | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-06-18 | | [[Contae an Dúin]] | | [[:d:Q6811327|Q6811327]] | 5 |- | [[Kelly Proper]] | | lúthchleasaí Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-05-01 | | | | [[:d:Q11738678|Q11738678]] | 3 |- | [[Claire Tarplee]] | | reathaí meánraoin Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-09-22 | | | | [[:d:Q15925883|Q15925883]] | 1 |- | [[Amy Kenealy]] | | cruicéadaí | [[cruicéadaí]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-04-06 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q16224552|Q16224552]] | 4 |- | [[Amy Foster]] | | rábálaí Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-10-02 | | | | [[:d:Q19560506|Q19560506]] | 2 |- | [[Hannah Lowry-O'Reilly]] | | Imreoir fichille (*1988) ♀ | [[imreoir fichille]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-12-19 | | | | [[:d:Q28479756|Q28479756]] | 0 |- | [[Rachel Clancy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1988) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-06-23 | | | | [[:d:Q119554958|Q119554958]] | 0 |- | [[Mairead Mcnally]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1988) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-11-19 | | | | [[:d:Q119554997|Q119554997]] | 0 |- | [[Leah Westbrooks]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1988) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-10-19 | | | | [[:d:Q119557456|Q119557456]] | 0 |- | [[Sarah Louise McGrath]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1988) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-10-04 | | | | [[:d:Q135381219|Q135381219]] | 0 |- | [[Elaine Ann Stone]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1988) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-08-18 | | | | [[:d:Q135383157|Q135383157]] | 0 |- | [[Eimear Naughton]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1988) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-12-28 | | | | [[:d:Q135383158|Q135383158]] | 0 |- | [[Aishling Ann Sullivan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1988) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-12-01 | | | | [[:d:Q135383161|Q135383161]] | 0 |- | [[Sarah Woods]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1988) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-06-27 | | | | [[:d:Q135383162|Q135383162]] | 0 |- | [[Rebecca Therese Woods]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1988) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-06-27 | | | | [[:d:Q135383163|Q135383163]] | 0 |- | [[Louise Gray]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1988) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-10-27 | | | | [[:d:Q135383165|Q135383165]] | 0 |- | [[Naoise Feena Doran]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1988) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-07-19 | | | | [[:d:Q135383166|Q135383166]] | 0 |- | [[Brenda Christina Riordan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1988) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-07-31 | | | | [[:d:Q135383169|Q135383169]] | 0 |- | [[Ciara Elizabeth Fitzpatrick]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1988) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-01-22 | | | | [[:d:Q135383174|Q135383174]] | 0 |- | [[Lynn Ferrari]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1988) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-05-24 | | | | [[:d:Q135384540|Q135384540]] | 0 |- | [[Chloë Agnew]] | [[Íomhá:Chloë Agnew at Macquarie Shopping Centre, Sydney.jpg|center|40px]] | ceoltóir agus amhránaí Éireannach | [[amhránaí ceoldrámaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-06-09 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q2228268|Q2228268]] | 17 |- | [[Lisa Kearney]] | [[Íomhá:Lisa Kearney on WIMPS TV.jpg|center|40px]] | cleachtóir júdó Éireannach | [[cleachtóir júdó]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-05-27 | | [[Béal Feirste]] | | [[:d:Q2260724|Q2260724]] | 5 |- | [[Ciara Horne]] | [[Íomhá:2015 UEC Track Elite European Championships 333.JPG|center|40px]] | rothaí | [[rothaí spóirt]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-09-07 | | [[Harrow, Londain|Harrow]] | | [[:d:Q5119121|Q5119121]] | 16 |- | [[Jessie Barr]] | | lúthchleasaí | [[rábálaí]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-07-24 | | [[Port Láirge]] | | [[:d:Q6187612|Q6187612]] | 5 |- | [[Laura Reynolds]] | | lúthchleasaí | [[siúlóir rása]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-01-21<br/>1989-01-20 | | | | [[:d:Q6499354|Q6499354]] | 3 |- | [[Orla Barry]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1989) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-09-21 | | [[Droichead na Scuab]] | | [[:d:Q7102982|Q7102982]] | 2 |- | [[Kate McKenna]] | | cruicéadaí | [[cruicéadaí]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-09-27 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q16224853|Q16224853]] | 3 |- | [[Jenny Murphy]] | | imreoir rugbaí Éireannach | [[imreoir rugbaí]]<br/>[[rugby sevens player]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-05-30 | | | | [[:d:Q18126994|Q18126994]] | 2 |- | [[Michelle Finn]] | [[Íomhá:2019-09-01 ISTAF 2019 2000 m steeplechase (Martin Rulsch) 43 (cropped).jpg|center|40px]] | lúthchleasaí Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-11-16<br/>1989-12-16 | | | | [[:d:Q20967861|Q20967861]] | 6 |- | [[Sara Louise Treacy]] | | lúthchleasaí Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-06-22 | | | | [[:d:Q20967862|Q20967862]] | 5 |- | [[Kelly Murphy]] | [[Íomhá:2024 UEC Track Elite European Championships 130.jpg|center|40px]] | rothaí Éireannach | [[rothaí spóirt]]<br/>[[eolaí néarchórais]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-11-03 | | [[Birmingham]] | | [[:d:Q33083846|Q33083846]] | 7 |- | [[Lauren Delany]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] imreoir rugbaí agus cispheileadóir (*1989) ♀ | [[imreoir rugbaí]]<br/>[[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-07-17 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q78081373|Q78081373]] | 2 |- | [[Jessica Scannell]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1989) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-10-26 | | | | [[:d:Q119567488|Q119567488]] | 0 |- | [[Megan Tice]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] lúthchleasaí agus iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1989) ♀ | [[lúthchleasaí]]<br/>[[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-12-06 | | | | [[:d:Q120221286|Q120221286]] | 0 |- | [[Lisa McGill]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1989) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-08-14 | | | | [[:d:Q135380034|Q135380034]] | 0 |- | [[Elaine C. Caffrey]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1989) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-02-24 | | | | [[:d:Q135380037|Q135380037]] | 0 |- | [[Colleen McInerney]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|meiriceánach]] cispheileadóir (*1989) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-08-14 | | | | [[:d:Q135382206|Q135382206]] | 0 |- | [[Aine McKenna]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1989) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-09-23 | | | | [[:d:Q135382207|Q135382207]] | 0 |- | [[Julie Angelina Kavanagh]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1989) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-04-21 | | | | [[:d:Q135382208|Q135382208]] | 0 |- | [[Susan Elise Doyle]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1989) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-02-24 | | | | [[:d:Q135382209|Q135382209]] | 0 |- | [[Ellevyn Winifred Irwin]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1989) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-03-06 | | | | [[:d:Q135383170|Q135383170]] | 0 |- | [[Deirbhile Blanaid O'Keeffe]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1989) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-01-16 | | | | [[:d:Q135383171|Q135383171]] | 0 |- | [[Emma Kathleen Dyer]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1989) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1989" | 1989-06-29 | | | | [[:d:Q135383173|Q135383173]] | 0 |- | [[Rozanna Purcell]] | | mainicín Éireannach | [[Mainicín faisin|mainicín]]<br/>[[iomaitheoir i gcomórtas áilleachta]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-09-03 | | [[Cluain Meala]] | | [[:d:Q1046271|Q1046271]] | 6 |- | [[Aisling Cooney]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] snámhóir (*1990) ♀ | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-07-27 | | [[Dumhach Thrá]] | | [[:d:Q4699199|Q4699199]] | 3 |- | [[Ruesha Littlejohn]] | [[Íomhá:Ruesha Littlejohn in San Jose.jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir sacair | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-07-03 | | [[Glaschú]] | | [[:d:Q7377860|Q7377860]] | 11 |- | [[Ciara Everard]] | [[Íomhá:09277 Ciara Everard.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] reathaí meánfhaid (*1990) ♀ | [[reathaí meánfhaid]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-07-10 | | | | [[:d:Q9192214|Q9192214]] | 6 |- | [[Claire Lambe]] | | iomróir Éireannach | [[iomróir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-05-16 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q11690739|Q11690739]] | 5 |- | [[Melissa Scott-Hayward]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cruicéadaí (*1990) ♀ | [[cruicéadaí]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-08-10 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q16225439|Q16225439]] | 2 |- | [[Robyn Stewart]] | [[Íomhá:2017 UEC Track Elite European Championships 412.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] rothaí spóirt (*1990) ♀ | [[rothaí spóirt]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-04-10 | | [[Béal Feirste]] | | [[:d:Q27517186|Q27517186]] | 4 |- | [[Niamh Whelan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] rábálaí (*1990) ♀ | [[rábálaí]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-07-26 | | | | [[:d:Q39814817|Q39814817]] | 1 |- | [[Fionnuala Ross]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1990) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-11-05 | | | | [[:d:Q69863936|Q69863936]] | 0 |- | [[Orla O'Reilly]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1990) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-02-28 | | [[Corcaigh]] | | [[:d:Q74239854|Q74239854]] | 1 |- | [[Laura Shaughnessy]] | | Cianreathaí (*1990) ♀ | [[cianreathaí]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-06-19 | | | | [[:d:Q98550189|Q98550189]] | 1 |- | [[Sinead O'Reilly]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1990) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-02-28 | | | | [[:d:Q119553438|Q119553438]] | 0 |- | [[Alexandra Troy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1990) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-03-23 | | | | [[:d:Q119568422|Q119568422]] | 0 |- | [[Claire Rockall]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1990) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-09-07 | | | | [[:d:Q119568822|Q119568822]] | 0 |- | [[Danielle O'Leary]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1990) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-02-26 | | | | [[:d:Q135367014|Q135367014]] | 0 |- | [[Rhiannon Bernadette McNulty]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1990) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-03-16 | | | | [[:d:Q135378320|Q135378320]] | 0 |- | [[Emma Marron]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1990) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-11-21 | | | | [[:d:Q135378321|Q135378321]] | 0 |- | [[Méabh Malone]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1990) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-11-01 | | | | [[:d:Q135378322|Q135378322]] | 0 |- | [[Ciara Louise Flaherty]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1990) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-08-28 | | | | [[:d:Q135378323|Q135378323]] | 0 |- | [[Shelly Behan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1990) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-11-27 | | | | [[:d:Q135378324|Q135378324]] | 0 |- | [[Erica C. Walsh]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1990) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-02-26 | | | | [[:d:Q135380031|Q135380031]] | 0 |- | [[Cathy Kavanagh]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1990) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-01-16 | | | | [[:d:Q135380035|Q135380035]] | 0 |- | [[Christine O'Gorman]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1990) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-10-28 | | | | [[:d:Q135381052|Q135381052]] | 0 |- | [[Christina Ann Newton]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1990) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-02-08 | | | | [[:d:Q135381053|Q135381053]] | 0 |- | [[Michelle Louise Murray]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1990) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-01-01 | | | | [[:d:Q135381055|Q135381055]] | 0 |- | [[Beth Meany]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1990) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-02-15 | | | | [[:d:Q135381056|Q135381056]] | 0 |- | [[Eimear Mary Mairtin]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1990) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-10-03 | | | | [[:d:Q135381058|Q135381058]] | 0 |- | [[Caroline Flynn]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1990) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-02-25 | | | | [[:d:Q135381059|Q135381059]] | 0 |- | [[Kerrie Marie Dore]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1990) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-01-14 | | | | [[:d:Q135381060|Q135381060]] | 0 |- | [[Valerie O'Driscoll]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1990) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-02-15 | | | | [[:d:Q135382205|Q135382205]] | 0 |- | [[Sorcha Nic Dhomhnaill]] | | lúthchleasaí Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-02-27 | | | | [[:d:Q137648437|Q137648437]] | 0 |- | [[Clara Peters]] | [[Íomhá:European 2011 Clara PETERS.jpg|center|40px]] | scátálaí fíorach Éireannach | [[scátálaí fíorach]] | data-sort-value="1991" | 1991-07-19 | | [[Essen]] | | [[:d:Q4360258|Q4360258]] | 5 |- | [[Lynsey McCullough]] | | imreoir leadóige Éireannach | [[imreoir leadóige]] | data-sort-value="1991" | 1991-03-01 | | [[Aontroim (baile)]] | | [[:d:Q6709499|Q6709499]] | 1 |- | [[Emma Flanagan]] | | cruicéadaí | [[cruicéadaí]] | data-sort-value="1991" | 1991-01-07 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q16211337|Q16211337]] | 4 |- | [[Cherelle Khassal]] | [[Íomhá:Cherelle Khassal (23697437213).jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir sacair Éireannach | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1991" | 1991-01-09 | | [[Sasana]] | | [[:d:Q22087349|Q22087349]] | 4 |- | [[Alice Kunek]] | [[Íomhá:Alice Kunek - Perth Lynx.jpg|center|40px]] | cispheileadóir Astrálach (1991-) | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1991" | 1991-01-06 | | [[Box Hill]] | | [[:d:Q24452204|Q24452204]] | 10 |- | [[Laura Boylan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cruicéadaí (*1991) ♀ | [[cruicéadaí]] | data-sort-value="1991" | 1991-12-16 | | [[Contae Lú]] | | [[:d:Q29981448|Q29981448]] | 3 |- | [[Sinéad Denny]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1991) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1991" | 1991-03-05 | | | | [[:d:Q69863080|Q69863080]] | 0 |- | [[Aoife McDermott]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] imreoir rugbaí agus cispheileadóir (*1991) ♀ | [[imreoir rugbaí]]<br/>[[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1991" | 1991-01-04 | | [[Sligeach]] | | [[:d:Q78047998|Q78047998]] | 1 |- | [[Hannah Thornton]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1991) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1991" | 1991-07-29 | | | | [[:d:Q119564024|Q119564024]] | 0 |- | [[Aine O'Connor]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1991) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1991" | 1991-11-28 | | | | [[:d:Q135367015|Q135367015]] | 0 |- | [[Fiona O'Dwyer]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|meiriceánach]] cispheileadóir (*1991) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1991" | 1991-06-27 | | | | [[:d:Q135370906|Q135370906]] | 0 |- | [[Emma J. Sherwood]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1991) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1991" | 1991-02-17 | | | | [[:d:Q135379981|Q135379981]] | 0 |- | [[Tracey M. Power]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1991) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1991" | 1991-01-04 | | | | [[:d:Q135379982|Q135379982]] | 0 |- | [[Stephanie O'Shea]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1991) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1991" | 1991-04-25 | | | | [[:d:Q135379983|Q135379983]] | 0 |- | [[Carol A. McCarthy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1991) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1991" | 1991-11-22 | | | | [[:d:Q135379987|Q135379987]] | 0 |- | [[Sophie Vavasseur]] | | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]]<br/>[[aisteoir scannáin]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-05-10 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q2628135|Q2628135]] | 15 |- | [[Sinead Chambers]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-02-01 | | [[Béal Feirste]] | | [[:d:Q15712412|Q15712412]] | 4 |- | [[Christine McMahon]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cliathreathaí agus rábálaí (*1992) ♀ | [[cliathreathaí]]<br/>[[rábálaí]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-07-06 | | [[Béal Feirste]] | | [[:d:Q25939025|Q25939025]] | 2 |- | [[Poornima Menon Jayadev]] | | Imreoir fichille (*1992) ♀ | [[imreoir fichille]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992 | | | | [[:d:Q28479758|Q28479758]] | 0 |- | [[Naomi Carroll]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] imreoir sacair, imreoir haca, imreoir peile Gaelaí agus camogie player (*1992) ♀ | [[imreoir sacair]]<br/>[[imreoir haca]]<br/>[[imreoir peile Gaelaí]]<br/>[[camogie player]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-09-13 | | [[Contae an Chláir]] | | [[:d:Q57313561|Q57313561]] | 3 |- | [[Claire Mooney]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1992) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-06-21 | | | | [[:d:Q69812429|Q69812429]] | 0 |- | [[Joan Healy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1992) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-09-30 | | | | [[:d:Q69814488|Q69814488]] | 1 |- | [[Catherine McManus]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1992) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-05-09 | | | | [[:d:Q69819917|Q69819917]] | 0 |- | [[Casey Grace]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1992) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-05-14 | | | | [[:d:Q119554596|Q119554596]] | 0 |- | [[Tessa Josephine Solan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1992) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-09-19 | | | | [[:d:Q135378015|Q135378015]] | 0 |- | [[Lorraine Scanlon]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1992) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-11-24 | | | | [[:d:Q135378016|Q135378016]] | 0 |- | [[Nichola Rafferty]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1992) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-07-04 | | | | [[:d:Q135378017|Q135378017]] | 0 |- | [[Louise Mary O'Connor]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1992) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-07-24 | | | | [[:d:Q135378019|Q135378019]] | 0 |- | [[Rebecca Teresa Nagle]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1992) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-07-04 | | | | [[:d:Q135378020|Q135378020]] | 0 |- | [[Kate Mary McDaid]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1992) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-05-18 | | | | [[:d:Q135378021|Q135378021]] | 0 |- | [[Rebecca F. O'Keeffe]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1992) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-02-25 | | | | [[:d:Q135379984|Q135379984]] | 0 |- | [[Emily M. O'Callaghan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1992) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-02-07 | | | | [[:d:Q135379985|Q135379985]] | 0 |- | [[Katie B. Kilbride]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1992) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-07-06 | | | | [[:d:Q135379988|Q135379988]] | 0 |- | [[Catriona M. Foley]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1992) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-08-16 | | | | [[:d:Q135379989|Q135379989]] | 0 |- | [[Sinead Deegan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1992) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-05-13 | | | | [[:d:Q135379990|Q135379990]] | 0 |- | [[Eimhear M. Browne]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1992) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1992" | 1992-01-07 | | | | [[:d:Q135379991|Q135379991]] | 0 |- | [[Amy Bowtell]] | | imreoir leadóige | [[imreoir leadóige]] | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-09-16 | | [[Na Clocha Liatha]] | | [[:d:Q4749116|Q4749116]] | 7 |- | [[Katie Kirk]] | | [[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|Briotanach]] rábálaí (*1993) ♀ | [[rábálaí]] | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-11-05 | | | | [[:d:Q11737414|Q11737414]] | 1 |- | [[Ciara Grant]] | [[Íomhá:Ciara Grant WUG.jpg|center|40px]] | peileadóir | [[imreoir sacair]]<br/>[[imreoir futsal]] | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-06-11 | | [[Leitir Ceanainn]] | | [[:d:Q15960851|Q15960851]] | 8 |- | [[Michaela Walsh]] | | dornálaí as Béal Feirste | [[dornálaí]] | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-06-05 | | [[Béal Feirste]] | | [[:d:Q18218166|Q18218166]] | 8 |- | [[Siobhán Killeen]] | | imreoir sacair Éireannach | [[imreoir sacair]]<br/>[[imreoir peile Gaelaí]]<br/>[[imreoir futsal]] | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-03-15 | | | | [[:d:Q22278600|Q22278600]] | 1 |- | [[Lois Roche]] | [[Íomhá:Lois Roche Lewes FC Women 2 Charlton Ath Women 0 17 10 2021-82 (cropped).jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir sacair | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-06-18 | | [[Londain]] | | [[:d:Q24150945|Q24150945]] | 5 |- | [[Clare Cryan]] | [[Íomhá:Clare Cryan Kyiv 2019.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] tumadóir iomaíoachta (*1993) ♀ | [[tumadóir iomaíoachta]] | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-12-03 | | | | [[:d:Q65553526|Q65553526]] | 3 |- | [[Emma Mitchell]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1993) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-09-02 | | | | [[:d:Q69812822|Q69812822]] | 0 |- | [[Mary Mulhare]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1993) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-02-14 | | | | [[:d:Q115739743|Q115739743]] | 1 |- | [[Clodagh Scannell]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1993) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-03-06 | | | | [[:d:Q119542677|Q119542677]] | 0 |- | [[Éabhnait Deborah Scanlon]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1993) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-01-08 | | | | [[:d:Q135376728|Q135376728]] | 0 |- | [[Rheanne Marie O'Shea]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1993) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-05-24 | | | | [[:d:Q135376730|Q135376730]] | 0 |- | [[Ciara Patricia Newell]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1993) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-06-17 | | | | [[:d:Q135376733|Q135376733]] | 0 |- | [[Lauren Marie Murray]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1993) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-05-06 | | | | [[:d:Q135376734|Q135376734]] | 0 |- | [[Laoise Maria Murphy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1993) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-03-19 | | | | [[:d:Q135376735|Q135376735]] | 0 |- | [[Laura Catriona Moloney]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1993) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-11-24 | | | | [[:d:Q135376736|Q135376736]] | 0 |- | [[Karen Meany]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1993) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-08-23 | | | | [[:d:Q135376737|Q135376737]] | 0 |- | [[Méabh Barry]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1993) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-12-16 | | | | [[:d:Q135376739|Q135376739]] | 0 |- | [[Marrianna Patricia C. Troy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1993) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-03-09 | | | | [[:d:Q135378014|Q135378014]] | 0 |- | [[Erika Emma O'Keeffe]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1993) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1993" | 1993-04-06 | | | | [[:d:Q135378018|Q135378018]] | 0 |- | [[Chelsea Jones]] | | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994 | | | | [[:d:Q2377423|Q2377423]] | 0 |- | [[Phoebe Prince]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] scoláire (1994–2010) ♀ | [[scoláire]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-11-24 | data-sort-value="2010" | 2010-01-14 | [[Bedford]] | [[South Hadley]] | [[:d:Q3304893|Q3304893]] | 6 |- | [[Kate Veale]] | | lúthchleasaí Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-01-05 | | [[Tulach Mhór]] | | [[:d:Q11737264|Q11737264]] | 2 |- | [[Caroline Black]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-03-04 | | [[Lios na gCearrbhach]] | | [[:d:Q15971927|Q15971927]] | 5 |- | [[Phil Healy]] | [[Íomhá:Womens 400m (46526965474) (cropped).jpg|center|40px]] | rábálaí Éireannach | [[rábálaí]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-11-19 | | [[Béal Átha Fhínín]] | | [[:d:Q25999744|Q25999744]] | 7 |- | [[Niamh McCarthy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] lúthchleasaí (*1994) ♀ | [[lúthchleasaí]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-01-04 | | [[Contae Chorcaí]] | | [[:d:Q26905471|Q26905471]] | 2 |- | [[Karina Campbell]] | | Imreoir fichille (*1994) ♀ | [[imreoir fichille]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-05-19 | | | | [[:d:Q28470777|Q28470777]] | 0 |- | [[Victoria Bell]] | | lúthchleasaí Éireannach | [[sciálaí Alpach]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-06-22 | | [[Sutton Coldfield]] | | [[:d:Q48618566|Q48618566]] | 4 |- | [[Alice Sharpe]] | [[Íomhá:2019 UEC Track Elite European Championships 132.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] rothaí spóirt (*1994) ♀ | [[rothaí spóirt]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-05-03 | | | | [[:d:Q55361867|Q55361867]] | 9 |- | [[Alli Palisch]] | [[Íomhá:Alli Murphy Lewes FC Women 2 London City 3 14 02 2021-528 (50943521133) (cropped).jpg|center|40px]] | [[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|Meiriceánach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]] imreoir sacair (*1994) ♀ | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-05-13 | | [[Plano, Texas|Plano]] | | [[:d:Q56285209|Q56285209]] | 4 |- | [[Shona Heaslip]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1994) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-09-18 | | | | [[:d:Q69820877|Q69820877]] | 0 |- | [[Philippa Rogan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1994) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-02-04 | | | | [[:d:Q69861835|Q69861835]] | 0 |- | [[Leah Lyons]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] imreoir rugbaí (*1994) ♀ | [[imreoir rugbaí]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-11-27 | | [[Corcaigh]] | | [[:d:Q78051289|Q78051289]] | 1 |- | [[Eimear Twomey]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1994) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-11-05 | | | | [[:d:Q135375110|Q135375110]] | 0 |- | [[Amy Louise Russell]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1994) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-02-02 | | | | [[:d:Q135375111|Q135375111]] | 0 |- | [[Ciara Milroy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1994) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-09-18 | | | | [[:d:Q135375114|Q135375114]] | 0 |- | [[Sorcha Maire McNulty]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1994) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-09-04 | | | | [[:d:Q135375115|Q135375115]] | 0 |- | [[Leanne McDonnell]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1994) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-05-29 | | | | [[:d:Q135375116|Q135375116]] | 0 |- | [[Laura Hoffman]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1994) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-04-29 | | | | [[:d:Q135375118|Q135375118]] | 0 |- | [[Deirdre Ann Geaney]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1994) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-09-16 | | | | [[:d:Q135375120|Q135375120]] | 0 |- | [[Michelle Clarke]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir agus cóitseálaí cispheile (*1994) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]]<br/>[[cóitseálaí cispheile]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-09-03 | | | | [[:d:Q135375123|Q135375123]] | 0 |- | [[Rebecca Barker]] | | [[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|Briotanach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1994) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-08-02 | | | | [[:d:Q135375124|Q135375124]] | 0 |- | [[Ailish O'Reilly]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1994) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-01-01 | | | | [[:d:Q135376732|Q135376732]] | 0 |- | [[Cliona Niamh Máirtín]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1994) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1994" | 1994-06-26 | | | | [[:d:Q135376738|Q135376738]] | 0 |- | [[Sycerika McMahon]] | | snámhóir Éireannach | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-04-11 | | [[Contae an Dúin]] | | [[:d:Q3979013|Q3979013]] | 7 |- | [[Carolane Soucisse]] | [[Íomhá:2018 Autumn Classic International - Soucisse & Firus (cropped) - Soucisse.jpg|center|40px]] | damhsóir oighir Ceanadach | [[ice dancer]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-02-10 | | [[Châteauguay]] | | [[:d:Q24860514|Q24860514]] | 5 |- | [[Aoife Mannion]] | [[Íomhá:Aoife Mannion BCLFC 2015 (22147891741) (cropped).jpg|center|40px]] | [[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|Briotanach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]] imreoir sacair (*1995) ♀ | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-09-24 | | [[Solihull]] | | [[:d:Q25714012|Q25714012]] | 12 |- | [[Ellen Keane]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] snámhóir (*1995) ♀ | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-04-06 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q26899011|Q26899011]] | 3 |- | [[Síofra Cléirigh Büttner]] | [[Íomhá:Síofra Cléirigh Büttner 2017.jpg|center|40px]] | reathaí meánraoin Éireannach | [[reathaí meánfhaid]]<br/>[[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-07-21 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q35349110|Q35349110]] | 5 |- | [[Gráinne Walsh]] | | dornálaí Éireannach | [[dornálaí]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-10-13 | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éire]] | | [[:d:Q65091953|Q65091953]] | 4 |- | [[Greta Streimikyte]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] lúthchleasaí parailimpeach (*1995) ♀ | [[lúthchleasaí parailimpeach]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-08-24 | | [[Vilnias]] | | [[:d:Q89343978|Q89343978]] | 3 |- | [[Sarah Jane Hearne]] | | Imreoir fichille (*1995) ♀ | [[imreoir fichille]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995 | | | | [[:d:Q104843000|Q104843000]] | 0 |- | [[Fiona Murtagh]] | [[Íomhá:Rowing at the 2020 Summer Olympics (Ireland).jpeg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomróir (*1995) ♀ | [[iomróir]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-07-11 | | [[Gaillimh]] | | [[:d:Q105925700|Q105925700]] | 11 |- | [[Ioana Gelip]] | | Imreoir fichille (*1995) ♀ | [[imreoir fichille]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-01-16 | | | | [[:d:Q109418259|Q109418259]] | 0 |- | [[Rachel Boyle]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-03-27 | | | | [[:d:Q110991850|Q110991850]] | 0 |- | [[Cliodhna Manning]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1995) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-04-26 | | | | [[:d:Q117007428|Q117007428]] | 1 |- | [[Emily Haggard-Kearney]] | | Iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta, reathaí maratóin agus cianreathaí (*1995) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]]<br/>[[reathaí maratóin]]<br/>[[cianreathaí]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-11-10 | | | | [[:d:Q126883212|Q126883212]] | 0 |- | [[Amy Waters]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1995) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-08-13 | | | | [[:d:Q135367016|Q135367016]] | 0 |- | [[Jennifer Sheehan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1995) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-06-10 | | | | [[:d:Q135373959|Q135373959]] | 0 |- | [[Jessica Blue O Sullivan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1995) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-06-11 | | | | [[:d:Q135373960|Q135373960]] | 0 |- | [[Aedin O Donnell]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1995) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-04-27 | | | | [[:d:Q135373961|Q135373961]] | 0 |- | [[Lorna McNamee]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1995) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-02-01 | | | | [[:d:Q135373963|Q135373963]] | 0 |- | [[Orla Keoghegan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1995) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-07-21 | | | | [[:d:Q135373964|Q135373964]] | 0 |- | [[Shannon Farrell]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1995) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-10-09 | | | | [[:d:Q135373965|Q135373965]] | 0 |- | [[Erin Leigh Bracken]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1995) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-06-30 | | | | [[:d:Q135373966|Q135373966]] | 0 |- | [[Aileen Verona Crowley]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1995) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-05-04 | | | | [[:d:Q135373968|Q135373968]] | 0 |- | [[Katie Ann Moloney]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1995) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-01-14 | | | | [[:d:Q135375112|Q135375112]] | 0 |- | [[Samantha Massey]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1995) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-02-28 | | | | [[:d:Q135375117|Q135375117]] | 0 |- | [[Lauren Kelly Falvey]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1995) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-03-27 | | | | [[:d:Q135375122|Q135375122]] | 0 |- | [[Emma Bolger]] | | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-01-05 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q520262|Q520262]] | 11 |- | [[Laoise Murray]] | | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-08-24 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q3826973|Q3826973]] | 3 |- | [[Mary C. Cain]] | | reathaí meánraoin Meiriceánach | [[reathaí meánfhaid]]<br/>[[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-05-03 | | [[Bronxville]] | | [[:d:Q6779145|Q6779145]] | 10 |- | [[Florence Bell]] | | sciálaí Éireannach | [[sciálaí Alpach]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-03-05 | | [[Sutton Coldfield]] | | [[:d:Q15910753|Q15910753]] | 4 |- | [[Alannah Stephenson]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-12-04 | | [[Lios na gCearrbhach]] | | [[:d:Q17457943|Q17457943]] | 3 |- | [[Tham Nguyen]] | [[Íomhá:Tham Nguyen at the 2023 World Weightlifting Championships training hall.webp|center|40px]] | Tógálaí meáchain (*1996) ♀ | [[tógálaí meáchain]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-09-15 | | | | [[:d:Q26132016|Q26132016]] | 4 |- | [[Alanna Lally]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1996) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-12-30 | | | | [[:d:Q69860533|Q69860533]] | 1 |- | [[Fiona Mangan]] | [[Íomhá:Fiona Mangan - Présentation TCFIA 2025.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] rothaí spóirt (*1996) ♀ | [[rothaí spóirt]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-05-16 | | | | [[:d:Q106575388|Q106575388]] | 5 |- | [[Megan Armitage]] | [[Íomhá:Grand Prix de Chambéry (Megan Armitage - Montagne).JPG|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] rothaí spóirt (*1996) ♀ | [[rothaí spóirt]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-08-12 | | | | [[:d:Q108532712|Q108532712]] | 6 |- | [[Linda Djougang]] | [[Íomhá:Linda Djougang 15Apr2023.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Camarún|Camarúnach]] imreoir rugbaí (*1996) ♀ | [[imreoir rugbaí]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-05-17 | | [[Camarún]] | | [[:d:Q108540653|Q108540653]] | 3 |- | [[Georgie Hartigan]] | | Iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1996) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-03-01 | | | | [[:d:Q115674773|Q115674773]] | 1 |- | [[Allison McGrath]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1996) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-10-10 | | | | [[:d:Q119547267|Q119547267]] | 0 |- | [[Edel Thornton]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1996) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-11-22 | | | | [[:d:Q119560495|Q119560495]] | 0 |- | [[Kelly McGrory]] | | Iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1996) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-12-24 | | | | [[:d:Q121879328|Q121879328]] | 3 |- | [[Róisín Harrison]] | | Iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1996) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-10-10 | | | | [[:d:Q121879839|Q121879839]] | 2 |- | [[Susie Berry]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] marcach (*1996) ♀ | [[marcach]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-01-01 | | | | [[:d:Q130313509|Q130313509]] | 2 |- | [[Megan Connolly]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1996) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-03-06 | | | | [[:d:Q135366913|Q135366913]] | 0 |- | [[Ciara Mary McCarthy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1996) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-09-02 | | | | [[:d:Q135366914|Q135366914]] | 0 |- | [[Caoimhe Rita Moore]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1996) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-06-23 | | | | [[:d:Q135366915|Q135366915]] | 0 |- | [[Nadine Cheryl Rice]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1996) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-07-29 | | | | [[:d:Q135366916|Q135366916]] | 0 |- | [[Holli Anna Dunne]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1996) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-10-02 | | | | [[:d:Q135366917|Q135366917]] | 0 |- | [[Meadhbh Helen Campbell]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1996) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-04-26 | | | | [[:d:Q135370468|Q135370468]] | 0 |- | [[Ruth Mary Leavey]] | | [[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|Meiriceánach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1996) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-12-25 | | | | [[:d:Q135370469|Q135370469]] | 0 |- | [[Aoibheann Ann Byrne]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1996) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-11-24 | | | | [[:d:Q135370470|Q135370470]] | 0 |- | [[Hannah Eileen McCarthy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1996) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-09-02 | | | | [[:d:Q135370471|Q135370471]] | 0 |- | [[Lauren Jane Flynn]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1996) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-11-12 | | | | [[:d:Q135370472|Q135370472]] | 0 |- | [[Kate Emma O'Flaherty]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1996) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-02-08 | | | | [[:d:Q135370473|Q135370473]] | 0 |- | [[Aoife Catherine Whelan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1996) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-01-04 | | | | [[:d:Q135370474|Q135370474]] | 0 |- | [[Eve Ellen M. O'Mahoney]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1996) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-03-29 | | | | [[:d:Q135370475|Q135370475]] | 0 |- | [[Lesley Ann Wilkinson]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1996) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-02-16 | | | | [[:d:Q135370476|Q135370476]] | 0 |- | [[Lisa Teresa Mullins]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1996) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1996" | 1996-09-22 | | | | [[:d:Q135373962|Q135373962]] | 0 |- | [[Megan Connolly]] | [[Íomhá:Megan Connolly 2015 (cropped).jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir sacair Éireannach | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-03-07 | | [[Corcaigh]] | | [[:d:Q21708017|Q21708017]] | 12 |- | [[Rachael Darragh]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]]<br/>[[Olympic competitor]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-09-24 | | [[Leitir Ceanainn]] | | [[:d:Q26786740|Q26786740]] | 6 |- | [[Sophie MacMahon]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cruicéadaí (*1997) ♀ | [[cruicéadaí]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-01-29 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q29947005|Q29947005]] | 8 |- | [[Sara Boyle]] | | imreoir badmantain Éireannach | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-08-31 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q30230598|Q30230598]] | 1 |- | [[Amy Broadhurst]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] dornálaí (*1997) ♀ | [[dornálaí]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-03-17 | | [[Dún Dealgan]] | | [[:d:Q60182060|Q60182060]] | 3 |- | [[Aoife O'Rourke]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] dornálaí (*1997) ♀ | [[dornálaí]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-07-02 | | [[An Caisleán Riabhach]] | | [[:d:Q66934867|Q66934867]] | 8 |- | [[Marissa Sheva]] | [[Íomhá:Marissa Sheva.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|Meiriceánach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]] imreoir sacair agus iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1997) ♀ | [[imreoir sacair]]<br/>[[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-04-22 | | [[Sellersville]] | | [[:d:Q98093517|Q98093517]] | 8 |- | [[Elsa Desmond]] | [[Íomhá:2018-11-21 Rennrodel-Weltcup Innsbruck-Igls StP 5311 LR10 by Stepro.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|Briotanach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]] luger agus medical student (*1997) ♀ | [[luger]]<br/>[[medical student]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-08-06 | | [[Buckingham]] | | [[:d:Q103259948|Q103259948]] | 5 |- | [[Sophie Becker]] | [[Íomhá:Womens 400m (47247595181).jpg|center|40px]] | Rábálaí (*1997) ♀ | [[rábálaí]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-05-16 | | [[Loch Garman]] | | [[:d:Q105782960|Q105782960]] | 7 |- | [[Kate Doherty]] | | Iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1997) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-01-27 | | | | [[:d:Q106712794|Q106712794]] | 1 |- | [[Eilish Flanagan]] | | Iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1997) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997 | | | | [[:d:Q107472430|Q107472430]] | 5 |- | [[Roisin Flanagan]] | | Iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1997) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-05-02 | | | | [[:d:Q115739741|Q115739741]] | 2 |- | [[Bridget Herlihy]] | | [[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|Meiriceánach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1997) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-01-31 | | | | [[:d:Q119539970|Q119539970]] | 0 |- | [[Maura Fitzpatrick]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|meiriceánach]] cispheileadóir (*1997) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-02-27 | | | | [[:d:Q119541214|Q119541214]] | 0 |- | [[Anna Kelly]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|meiriceánach]] cispheileadóir (*1997) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-06-18 | | | | [[:d:Q119551659|Q119551659]] | 0 |- | [[Aoife Anne O'Halloran]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1997) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-07-05 | | | | [[:d:Q135365106|Q135365106]] | 0 |- | [[Princess Elizabeth Adeogun]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1997) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-04-10 | | | | [[:d:Q135367093|Q135367093]] | 0 |- | [[Tia Kelly]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1997) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-12-02 | | | | [[:d:Q135368530|Q135368530]] | 0 |- | [[Hayley Nicole Lenihan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1997) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-12-19 | | | | [[:d:Q135368531|Q135368531]] | 0 |- | [[Julie Milroy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1997) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-07-10 | | | | [[:d:Q135368532|Q135368532]] | 0 |- | [[Liadan Tobin-Schnittger]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1997) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-01-10 | | | | [[:d:Q135371775|Q135371775]] | 0 |- | [[Courtney Anne Ryan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1997) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-06-16 | | | | [[:d:Q135371776|Q135371776]] | 0 |- | [[Aoife Mary Tiernan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1997) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-05-30 | | | | [[:d:Q135371777|Q135371777]] | 0 |- | [[Sarah Marie Phelan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1997) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-10-02 | | | | [[:d:Q135371778|Q135371778]] | 0 |- | [[Aislinn Finola O'Connell]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1997) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-10-24 | | | | [[:d:Q135371779|Q135371779]] | 0 |- | [[Aisling Catriona McCann]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1997) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-02-01 | | | | [[:d:Q135371780|Q135371780]] | 0 |- | [[Sarah Kenny]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1997) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-01-24 | | | | [[:d:Q135371781|Q135371781]] | 0 |- | [[Hollie Herlihy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1997) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-12-30 | | | | [[:d:Q135371782|Q135371782]] | 0 |- | [[Shannen Sandra Holbrook]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1997) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-02-24 | | | | [[:d:Q135371783|Q135371783]] | 0 |- | [[Olivia Margaret Dupuy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1997) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-03-27 | | | | [[:d:Q135371784|Q135371784]] | 0 |- | [[Kelly Sarah Diggin]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1997) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-03-05 | | | | [[:d:Q135371785|Q135371785]] | 0 |- | [[Caoimhe Ann Blennerhassett]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1997) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1997" | 1997-12-15 | | | | [[:d:Q135371786|Q135371786]] | 0 |- | [[Ellis O'Reilly]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|briotanach]] gleacaí ealaíonta (*1998) ♀ | [[gleacaí ealaíonta]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-02-23 | | [[Kent]] | | [[:d:Q23887651|Q23887651]] | 3 |- | [[Michaela Walsh]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1998) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-12-17 | | | | [[:d:Q51098390|Q51098390]] | 2 |- | [[Anna Kerrison]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cruicéadaí (*1998) ♀ | [[cruicéadaí]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-09-10 | | [[Sasana]] | | [[:d:Q64148448|Q64148448]] | 3 |- | [[Elizabeth Morland]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1998) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-03-03 | | | | [[:d:Q69815287|Q69815287]] | 0 |- | [[Mia Griffin]] | [[Íomhá:2019 UEC Track Elite European Championships 135.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] rothaí spóirt (*1998) ♀ | [[rothaí spóirt]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-12-30 | | [[An Gleann Mór]] | | [[:d:Q86458131|Q86458131]] | 8 |- | [[Nadia Power]] | | Iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1998) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-01-11 | | | | [[:d:Q92433328|Q92433328]] | 4 |- | [[Eleanor Ryan-Doyle]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] imreoir sacair (*1998) ♀ | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-05-14 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q97654611|Q97654611]] | 1 |- | [[Sarah Quinn]] | | Iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1998) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-04-08 | | | | [[:d:Q106712933|Q106712933]] | 1 |- | [[Anna Maguire]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1998) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-01-21 | | | | [[:d:Q119543104|Q119543104]] | 0 |- | [[Saoirse Power-Cassidy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1998) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-06-30 | | | | [[:d:Q119553574|Q119553574]] | 0 |- | [[Fiona Everard]] | | Cianreathaí (*1998) ♀ | [[cianreathaí]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998 | | | | [[:d:Q123502237|Q123502237]] | 2 |- | [[Jennifer Lehane]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] dornálaí (*1998) ♀ | [[dornálaí]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-08-19 | | | | [[:d:Q126487392|Q126487392]] | 2 |- | [[Kathy Baker]] | | Imreoir rugbaí (*1998) ♀ | [[imreoir rugbaí]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-01-23 | | | | [[:d:Q128765068|Q128765068]] | 3 |- | [[Alison Jane Cleary]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1998) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-01-13 | | | | [[:d:Q135365098|Q135365098]] | 0 |- | [[Laura Anne Fortune]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1998) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-04-23 | | | | [[:d:Q135365099|Q135365099]] | 0 |- | [[Katie Joanna Whelan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1998) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-09-02 | | | | [[:d:Q135365102|Q135365102]] | 0 |- | [[Ciara Catherine Wheeler]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1998) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-04-19 | | | | [[:d:Q135365103|Q135365103]] | 0 |- | [[Chloe Gina Mullins]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1998) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-12-21 | | | | [[:d:Q135365105|Q135365105]] | 0 |- | [[Anna Marie Brennan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1998) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-02-06 | | | | [[:d:Q135365107|Q135365107]] | 0 |- | [[Aleksandra Joanna Macheta]] | | [[An Pholainn|Polannach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1998) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-03-13 | | | | [[:d:Q135366449|Q135366449]] | 0 |- | [[Verity Jade Gunn O'Connor]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1998) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-09-07 | | | | [[:d:Q135370232|Q135370232]] | 0 |- | [[Rachel Alexandra Leavy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1998) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-03-13 | | | | [[:d:Q135370235|Q135370235]] | 0 |- | [[Olivia Ann Reid]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1998) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-03-27 | | | | [[:d:Q135370236|Q135370236]] | 0 |- | [[Jenny Rachael Morrison]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1998) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-11-12 | | | | [[:d:Q135370238|Q135370238]] | 0 |- | [[Annie Fanning]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1998) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-10-16 | | | | [[:d:Q135370239|Q135370239]] | 0 |- | [[Billie Jean Byrne]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1998) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-10-23 | | | | [[:d:Q135370241|Q135370241]] | 0 |- | [[Catherine Maria Connaire]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1998) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-12-30 | | | | [[:d:Q135370242|Q135370242]] | 0 |- | [[Áine McDonagh]] | | [[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|Meiriceánach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir agus imreoir peile Astrálaí (*1998) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]]<br/>[[imreoir peile Astrálaí]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-08-28 | | | | [[:d:Q135370247|Q135370247]] | 1 |- | [[Elizabeth Mary McGonnell]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1998) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-02-12 | | | | [[:d:Q135370249|Q135370249]] | 0 |- | [[Aoife Maguire]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1998) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-03-10 | | | | [[:d:Q135370251|Q135370251]] | 0 |- | [[Aisling Kindle]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1998) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1998" | 1998-01-09 | | | | [[:d:Q135370252|Q135370252]] | 0 |- | [[Aoife Beggs]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cruicéadaí (*1999) ♀ | [[cruicéadaí]] | data-sort-value="1999" | 1999-10-23 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q29841599|Q29841599]] | 5 |- | [[Gina Akpe-Moses]] | [[Íomhá:Gina Akpe-Moses at the 2018 European Athletics Championships.jpg|center|40px]] | rábálaí Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1999" | 1999-02-25 | | [[Lagos]] | | [[:d:Q33133524|Q33133524]] | 7 |- | [[Ciara Neville]] | [[Íomhá:Ciara Neville 2016.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] rábálaí (*1999) ♀ | [[rábálaí]] | data-sort-value="1999" | 1999-10-14 | | [[Luimneach]] | | [[:d:Q50295760|Q50295760]] | 4 |- | [[Molly Scott]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] lúthchleasaí agus iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1999) ♀ | [[lúthchleasaí]]<br/>[[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1999" | 1999-03-30 | | [[Ceatharlach]] | | [[:d:Q55587528|Q55587528]] | 2 |- | [[Niamh Fogarty]] | | Iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1999) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1999" | 1999-05-16 | | | | [[:d:Q94578252|Q94578252]] | 2 |- | [[Aoife Lynch]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1999) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1999" | 1999-05-14 | | | | [[:d:Q106712793|Q106712793]] | 1 |- | [[Michelle Carey]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] imreoir haca (*1999) ♀ | [[imreoir haca]] | data-sort-value="1999" | 1999-05-05 | | | | [[:d:Q108106507|Q108106507]] | 3 |- | [[Stephanie Cotter]] | | Iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1999) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1999" | 1999 | | [[Corcaigh]] | | [[:d:Q108143260|Q108143260]] | 2 |- | [[Grace Casey]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] caiteoir sleá (*1999) ♀ | [[caiteoir sleá]] | data-sort-value="1999" | 1999-01-16 | | | | [[:d:Q109932829|Q109932829]] | 0 |- | [[Cathal Crosbie]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1999) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1999" | 1999-12-09 | | | | [[:d:Q112131519|Q112131519]] | 1 |- | [[Sarah Leahy]] | | Iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*1999) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="1999" | 1999-08-01 | | | | [[:d:Q113864305|Q113864305]] | 2 |- | [[Claire Melia]] | [[Íomhá:Baxi Ferrol - LDLC ASVEL Féminin 59.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1999) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1999" | 1999-07-12 | | [[Mainistir Eimhín]] | | [[:d:Q119564054|Q119564054]] | 0 |- | [[Erin Riordan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] snámhóir (*1999) ♀ | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="1999" | 1999-09-02 | | | | [[:d:Q128803241|Q128803241]] | 2 |- | [[Rachel Huijsdens]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1999) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1999" | 1999-06-23 | | | | [[:d:Q135367962|Q135367962]] | 0 |- | [[Maggie Byrne]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|meiriceánach]] cispheileadóir (*1999) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1999" | 1999-08-10 | | | | [[:d:Q135367963|Q135367963]] | 0 |- | [[Mae-Therese Creane]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1999) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1999" | 1999-01-29 | | | | [[:d:Q135367964|Q135367964]] | 0 |- | [[Sorcha Tiernan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1999) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1999" | 1999-09-18 | | | | [[:d:Q135367966|Q135367966]] | 0 |- | [[Amy Dooley]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1999) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1999" | 1999-06-09 | | | | [[:d:Q135367967|Q135367967]] | 0 |- | [[Louise Scannell]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1999) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1999" | 1999-09-10 | | | | [[:d:Q135367968|Q135367968]] | 0 |- | [[Amy Murphy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*1999) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="1999" | 1999-04-03 | | | | [[:d:Q135367970|Q135367970]] | 0 |- | [[Anne Condon]] | | [[Ceanada|Ceanadach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]] eolaí ríomhaireachta agus múinteoir ollscoile (*2000) ♀; Comhalta de chuid an ACM, Tulip Award in DNA Computing, Anita Borg Institute Women of Vision Awards agus Comhalta de Chumann Ríoga Cheanada; member of Cumann Ríoga Cheanada agus Association for Computing Machinery | [[eolaí ríomhaireachta]]<br/>[[múinteoir ollscoile]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | | [[:d:Q11489|Q11489]] | 3 |- | [[Tina Reynolds]] | | amhránaí Éireannach | [[amhránaí]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | [[Na Clocha Liatha]] | | [[:d:Q514752|Q514752]] | 9 |- | [[Bernadette Ní Ghallchóir]] | [[Íomhá:Bernadette Ní Ghallchóir PBS 1971.jpg|center|40px]] | láithreoir teilifíse Éireannach | [[láithreoir]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | [[Muineachán]] | | [[:d:Q822164|Q822164]] | 6 |- | [[Eibhlin Byrne]] | | méara Éireannach | [[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | | [[:d:Q1301175|Q1301175]] | 3 |- | [[Sophie Merry]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] [[Stiúrthóir scannán|stiúrthóir scannán]], [[Mainicín faisin|mainicín]], beochantóir, [[Aisteoir|aisteoir]] agus damhsóir (*2000) ♀ | [[stiúrthóir scannán]]<br/>[[Mainicín faisin|mainicín]]<br/>[[beochantóir]]<br/>[[aisteoir]]<br/>[[damhsóir]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | | [[:d:Q1348496|Q1348496]] | 3 |- | [[Janet Grogan]] | [[Íomhá:Janet Grogan (cropped).jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] [[Amhránaí is scríbhneoir|amhránaí is scríbhneoir]], [[Cumadóir amhrán|cumadóir amhrán]] agus [[Amhránaí|amhránaí]] (fl. 2009–) (*2000) ♀ | [[amhránaí is scríbhneoir]]<br/>[[cumadóir amhrán]]<br/>[[amhránaí]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | | [[:d:Q1424238|Q1424238]] | 4 |- | [[Maria Corrigan]] | | polaiteoir Éireannach | [[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éire]] | | [[:d:Q1669568|Q1669568]] | 3 |- | [[Lisa Lambe]] | [[Íomhá:Lisa Lambe.jpg|center|40px]] | amhránaí Éireannach | [[amhránaí]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q1704246|Q1704246]] | 13 |- | [[Terry O'Flaherty]] | | méara Éireannach | [[polaiteoir]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | | [[:d:Q1720409|Q1720409]] | 2 |- | [[Lise Hearns]] | | ban-aisteoir Éireannach | [[aisteoir]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | | | [[:d:Q1827914|Q1827914]] | 1 |- | [[Liz Weir]] | | údar Éireannach | [[scríbhneoir]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | [[Béal Feirste]] | | [[:d:Q1866600|Q1866600]] | 4 |- | [[Méav Ní Mhaolchatha]] | | amhránaí Éireannach | [[amhránaí ceoldrámaíochta]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 20th century | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q3268425|Q3268425]] | 8 |- | [[Rebecca Stokell]] | | cruicéadaí Éireannach | [[cruicéadaí]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000-03-13 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q29891153|Q29891153]] | 6 |- | [[Mona McSharry]] | [[Íomhá:Mona McSharry (IRL) 2018.jpg|center|40px]] | snámhóir Éireannach | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000-08-21 | | [[An Ghráinseach, Contae Shligigh|An Ghráinseach]] | | [[:d:Q33319799|Q33319799]] | 19 |- | [[Cara Murray]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cruicéadaí (*2000) ♀ | [[cruicéadaí]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000-11-01 | | [[Béal Feirste]] | | [[:d:Q54861582|Q54861582]] | 6 |- | [[Sommer Lecky]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*2000) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000-06-14 | | | | [[:d:Q69813606|Q69813606]] | 2 |- | [[Davicia Patterson]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*2000) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000-12-15 | | | | [[:d:Q69820489|Q69820489]] | 0 |- | [[Diana Mirza]] | | Imreoir fichille (*2000) ♀ | [[imreoir fichille]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000-06-16 | | | | [[:d:Q109383024|Q109383024]] | 1 |- | [[Lauren Roy]] | | Iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*2000) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000-09-25 | | | | [[:d:Q113864274|Q113864274]] | 2 |- | [[Bronagh Power-Cassidy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2000) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000-09-15 | | | | [[:d:Q119543792|Q119543792]] | 0 |- | [[Enya Maguire]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2000) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000-08-31 | | | | [[:d:Q119550072|Q119550072]] | 0 |- | [[Eibhia Ni Mhuireagain]] | | Imreoir fichille (*2000) ♀ | [[imreoir fichille]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000 | | | | [[:d:Q124424504|Q124424504]] | 0 |- | [[Lauren Cadden]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] lúthchleasaí agus iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*2000) ♀ | [[lúthchleasaí]]<br/>[[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000-06-07 | | | | [[:d:Q126173619|Q126173619]] | 2 |- | [[Jodie McCann]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*2000) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000-02-03 | | | | [[:d:Q126685911|Q126685911]] | 4 |- | [[Lynn Tunnah]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2000) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000-06-14 | | | | [[:d:Q135363157|Q135363157]] | 0 |- | [[Annaliese Murphy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2000) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000-02-08 | | | | [[:d:Q135366286|Q135366286]] | 0 |- | [[Maeve Aine O'Seaghdha]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2000) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000-07-26 | | | | [[:d:Q135366287|Q135366287]] | 0 |- | [[Alison Blaney]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2000) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000-04-22 | | | | [[:d:Q135366288|Q135366288]] | 0 |- | [[Ella McCloskey]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2000) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000-07-20 | | | | [[:d:Q135366289|Q135366289]] | 0 |- | [[Maeve Patricia Cannon]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2000) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000-03-15 | | | | [[:d:Q135366291|Q135366291]] | 0 |- | [[Nicole Patrice Clancy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2000) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000-06-13 | | | | [[:d:Q135366294|Q135366294]] | 0 |- | [[Niamh Christine Masterson]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2000) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000-02-26 | | | | [[:d:Q135367965|Q135367965]] | 0 |- | [[Maeve Phelan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2000) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000-05-05 | | | | [[:d:Q135367969|Q135367969]] | 0 |- | [[Dayna Finn]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir agus imreoir peile Astrálaí (*2000) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]]<br/>[[imreoir peile Astrálaí]] | data-sort-value="2000" | 2000-02-09 | | | | [[:d:Q135367973|Q135367973]] | 1 |- | [[Tyler Toland]] | | imreoir sacair | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-08-08 | | [[Baile Suingean]] | | [[:d:Q42666544|Q42666544]] | 6 |- | [[Lara Gillespie]] | [[Íomhá:2019 UCI Juniors Track World Championships 007.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] rothaí spóirt (*2001) ♀ | [[rothaí spóirt]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-04-21 | | [[Cill Mhantáin]] | | [[:d:Q52153640|Q52153640]] | 12 |- | [[Sophie O'Sullivan]] | [[Íomhá:Sophie O'Sullivan.jpg|center|40px]] | lúthchleasaí Éireannach | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-12-23 | | | | [[:d:Q55425594|Q55425594]] | 5 |- | [[Alex Chan-Taylor]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-02-21 | | | | [[:d:Q55739862|Q55739862]] | 0 |- | [[Tanya Watson]] | [[Íomhá:2018-10-13 Jump 3 (Diving Girls 10m platform) at 2018 Summer Youth Olympics by Sandro Halank–039.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] tumadóir iomaíoachta (*2001) ♀ | [[tumadóir iomaíoachta]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-12-24 | | [[Southampton]] | | [[:d:Q65675690|Q65675690]] | 5 |- | [[Niamh Coyne]] | [[Íomhá:2018-10-10 Swimming Girls' 100m Breaststroke Final at 2018 Summer Youth Olympics by Sandro Halank–034.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] snámhóir (*2001) ♀ | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-06-22 | | | | [[:d:Q65952719|Q65952719]] | 4 |- | [[Ciara Bracken]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2001) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-04-20 | | | | [[:d:Q119554443|Q119554443]] | 0 |- | [[Deborah Ogayemi]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2001) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-10-12 | | | | [[:d:Q119561035|Q119561035]] | 0 |- | [[Daina Moorehouse]] | [[Íomhá:2025 World Boxing Championships 20250906 102037 Daina Moorehouse (IRL).jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] dornálaí (*2001) ♀ | [[dornálaí]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-09-16 | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q126709567|Q126709567]] | 3 |- | [[Rachel McCann]] | | Rábálaí (*2001) ♀ | [[rábálaí]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-09-26 | | | | [[:d:Q127785359|Q127785359]] | 2 |- | [[Ciara McGing]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] snámhóir (*2001) ♀ | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-03-03 | | | | [[:d:Q128693679|Q128693679]] | 2 |- | [[Victoria Catterson]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] snámhóir (*2001) ♀ | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-03-25 | | | | [[:d:Q128803156|Q128803156]] | 2 |- | [[Erin Healy]] | | [[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|Meiriceánach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]] imreoir sacair (*2001) ♀ | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-04-05 | | | | [[:d:Q135106443|Q135106443]] | 2 |- | [[Ciara Tolan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2001) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-11-30 | | | | [[:d:Q135360972|Q135360972]] | 0 |- | [[Eve Nealon]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2001) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-06-25 | | | | [[:d:Q135363158|Q135363158]] | 0 |- | [[Katie Williamson]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2001) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-05-11 | | | | [[:d:Q135364030|Q135364030]] | 0 |- | [[Alexandra Mary Mulligan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2001) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-12-14 | | | | [[:d:Q135364031|Q135364031]] | 0 |- | [[Katie Niamh Walshe]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2001) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-07-19 | | | | [[:d:Q135364032|Q135364032]] | 0 |- | [[Lainey Nolan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2001) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-09-19 | | | | [[:d:Q135364033|Q135364033]] | 0 |- | [[Mia Furlong]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2001) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-12-21 | | | | [[:d:Q135364034|Q135364034]] | 0 |- | [[Niamh Kenny]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2001) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-04-28 | | | | [[:d:Q135364035|Q135364035]] | 0 |- | [[Ciara Veronica White]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2001) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-01-15 | | | | [[:d:Q135364036|Q135364036]] | 0 |- | [[Anna Lynch]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2001) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-01-10 | | | | [[:d:Q135364037|Q135364037]] | 0 |- | [[Lauren Darcy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2001) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-06-01 | | | | [[:d:Q135364038|Q135364038]] | 0 |- | [[Abby Flynn]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2001) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2001" | 2001-07-05 | | | | [[:d:Q135366295|Q135366295]] | 0 |- | [[Mavie Österreicher]] | | [[An Ostair|Ostarach]] imreoir leadóige (*2002) ♀ | [[imreoir leadóige]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-04-05 | | [[an Ostair]] | | [[:d:Q57242668|Q57242668]] | 4 |- | [[Emily Kraft]] | [[Íomhá:Emily Kraft Lewes FC Women (52384339143).jpg|center|40px]] | imreoir sacair Éireannach (2002-) | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-02-18 | | [[Frankfurt]] | | [[:d:Q60713591|Q60713591]] | 6 |- | [[Alexandra Troy]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-03-07 | | | | [[:d:Q65554597|Q65554597]] | 0 |- | [[Emma Austin]] | [[Íomhá:2020-01-14 Alpine skiing at the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics – Women's Slalom (Martin Rulsch) 335.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] sciálaí Alpach (*2002) ♀ | [[sciálaí Alpach]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-08-31 | | | | [[:d:Q81901202|Q81901202]] | 2 |- | [[Melisa Filis]] | [[Íomhá:Melisa Filis 2019.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|Briotanach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]] imreoir sacair (*2002) ♀ | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-07-30 | | [[Essex]] | | [[:d:Q83196933|Q83196933]] | 7 |- | [[Michaela Corcoran]] | | [[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|Meiriceánach]] lúthchleasaí (*2002) ♀ | [[lúthchleasaí]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-08-07 | | [[Houston, Texas|Houston]] | | [[:d:Q90898291|Q90898291]] | 3 |- | [[Adeyemi Talabi]] | | Iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*2002) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-12-25 | | | | [[:d:Q113864217|Q113864217]] | 1 |- | [[Sabhbh Edwards Murphy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2002) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-07-17 | | | | [[:d:Q119549084|Q119549084]] | 0 |- | [[Erin Maguire]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2002) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-12-16 | | | | [[:d:Q119550959|Q119550959]] | 0 |- | [[Maria Godden]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] snámhóir (*2002) ♀ | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-08-31 | | | | [[:d:Q124671917|Q124671917]] | 1 |- | [[Laura Mooney]] | [[Íomhá:Laura Mooney 01.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*2002) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002 | | | | [[:d:Q126623596|Q126623596]] | 2 |- | [[Madison Corcoran]] | [[Íomhá:2022 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships - Madison Corcoran - Ireland - by 2eight - 9SC6114.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] canúálaí (*2002) ♀ | [[canúálaí]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-08-07 | | | | [[:d:Q127784722|Q127784722]] | 5 |- | [[Lauryn Homan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2002) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-05-20 | | | | [[:d:Q135356265|Q135356265]] | 0 |- | [[Sarah Flemming]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2002) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-02-06 | | | | [[:d:Q135358786|Q135358786]] | 0 |- | [[Jasmine Burke]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2002) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-03-02 | | | | [[:d:Q135358788|Q135358788]] | 0 |- | [[Fatimah Akorede]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2002) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-08-03 | | | | [[:d:Q135362059|Q135362059]] | 0 |- | [[Gillian Wheeler]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2002) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-01-05 | | | | [[:d:Q135362060|Q135362060]] | 0 |- | [[Sinead Boyle]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2002) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-06-01 | | | | [[:d:Q135362061|Q135362061]] | 0 |- | [[Siofra O'Shea]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2002) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-01-10 | | | | [[:d:Q135362062|Q135362062]] | 0 |- | [[Abigail Rafferty]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2002) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-05-28 | | | | [[:d:Q135362063|Q135362063]] | 0 |- | [[Kate Hickey]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2002) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-10-15 | | | | [[:d:Q135362064|Q135362064]] | 0 |- | [[Lisa Blaney]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2002) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-05-02 | | | | [[:d:Q135362170|Q135362170]] | 0 |- | [[Ciara Byrne]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2002) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-07-26 | | | | [[:d:Q135362171|Q135362171]] | 0 |- | [[Shauna Dooley]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2002) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2002" | 2002-02-17 | | | | [[:d:Q135362172|Q135362172]] | 0 |- | [[Fiona McAdams]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="2003" | 2003-12-12 | | | | [[:d:Q65554282|Q65554282]] | 0 |- | [[Nicola Tuthill]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta agus caiteoir oird (*2003) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]]<br/>[[caiteoir oird]] | data-sort-value="2003" | 2003-12-22 | | | | [[:d:Q115651644|Q115651644]] | 6 |- | [[Molly Moffitt]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|meiriceánach]] cispheileadóir (*2003) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2003" | 2003-03-02 | | | | [[:d:Q119536967|Q119536967]] | 0 |- | [[Ella O'Donnell]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2003) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2003" | 2003-09-29 | | | | [[:d:Q119554886|Q119554886]] | 0 |- | [[Paris McCarthy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2003) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2003" | 2003-12-13 | | | | [[:d:Q119564680|Q119564680]] | 0 |- | [[Ellie Glavin]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2003) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2003" | 2003-12-30 | | | | [[:d:Q135358579|Q135358579]] | 0 |- | [[Shannon Cunningham]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2003) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2003" | 2003-06-19 | | | | [[:d:Q135359457|Q135359457]] | 0 |- | [[Rebecca Anne Hynes]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2003) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2003" | 2003-08-21 | | | | [[:d:Q135359458|Q135359458]] | 0 |- | [[Emma Glavin]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2003) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2003" | 2003-12-30 | | | | [[:d:Q135359460|Q135359460]] | 0 |- | [[Casey Mulvey]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2003) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2003" | 2003-04-06 | | | | [[:d:Q135360144|Q135360144]] | 0 |- | [[Miah Ryan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2003) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2003" | 2003-04-19 | | | | [[:d:Q135360147|Q135360147]] | 0 |- | [[Kara McCleane]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2003) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2003" | 2003-05-23 | | | | [[:d:Q135360148|Q135360148]] | 0 |- | [[Kate Kelly]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2003) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2003" | 2003-07-09 | | | | [[:d:Q135360149|Q135360149]] | 0 |- | [[Sinead Keane]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2003) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2003" | 2003-05-13 | | | | [[:d:Q135360151|Q135360151]] | 0 |- | [[Sophie Moore]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2003) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2003" | 2003-03-25 | | | | [[:d:Q135360152|Q135360152]] | 0 |- | [[Hazel Finn]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2003) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2003" | 2003-05-22 | | | | [[:d:Q135362040|Q135362040]] | 0 |- | [[Elizabeth Golding]] | | Scátálaí fíorach (*2004) ♀ | [[scátálaí fíorach]] | data-sort-value="2004" | 2004-09-28 | | [[Moscó]] | | [[:d:Q56395775|Q56395775]] | 0 |- | [[Jenna Slattery]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] imreoir sacair (*2004) ♀ | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="2004" | 2004-03-17 | | | | [[:d:Q98090913|Q98090913]] | 1 |- | [[Emma Jeffers]] | [[Íomhá:Emma Jeffers - Présentation TCFIA 2024.jpg|center|40px]] | [[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|Briotanach]]-[[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|éireannaigh]] rothaí spóirt (*2004) ♀ | [[rothaí spóirt]] | data-sort-value="2004" | 2004-11-11 | | [[Eccleston]] | | [[:d:Q119104466|Q119104466]] | 1 |- | [[Amy Duggan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2004) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2004" | 2004-08-16 | | | | [[:d:Q119540104|Q119540104]] | 0 |- | [[Maeve O'Neill]] | | Iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*2004) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="2004" | 2004-03-09 | | | | [[:d:Q122806335|Q122806335]] | 2 |- | [[Kate O'Connell]] | | Iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*2004) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="2004" | 2004-08-11 | | | | [[:d:Q122808599|Q122808599]] | 1 |- | [[Orla Dullaghan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2004) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2004" | 2004-12-16 | | | | [[:d:Q135352415|Q135352415]] | 0 |- | [[Leilani Turner]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|meiriceánach]] cispheileadóir (*2004) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2004" | 2004-11-11 | | | | [[:d:Q135352416|Q135352416]] | 0 |- | [[Katie Flanagan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2004) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2004" | 2004-06-28 | | | | [[:d:Q135353433|Q135353433]] | 0 |- | [[Emily Smyth]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2004) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2004" | 2004-05-01 | | | | [[:d:Q135353434|Q135353434]] | 0 |- | [[Rachel Callery]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2004) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2004" | 2004-02-04 | | | | [[:d:Q135356074|Q135356074]] | 0 |- | [[Niamh Tolan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2004) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2004" | 2004-06-04 | | | | [[:d:Q135356077|Q135356077]] | 0 |- | [[Niamh O'Leary]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2004) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2004" | 2004-02-05 | | | | [[:d:Q135356078|Q135356078]] | 0 |- | [[Erica Egan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2004) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2004" | 2004-01-09 | | | | [[:d:Q135356079|Q135356079]] | 0 |- | [[Micaiah Fubara]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2004) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2004" | 2004-10-10 | | | | [[:d:Q135356080|Q135356080]] | 0 |- | [[Lucy Coogan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2004) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2004" | 2004-04-12 | | | | [[:d:Q135358581|Q135358581]] | 0 |- | [[Maria Kealy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2004) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2004" | 2004-07-02 | | | | [[:d:Q135359459|Q135359459]] | 0 |- | [[Tania Salvado-McCormack]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2004) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2004" | 2004-03-18 | | | | [[:d:Q135360141|Q135360141]] | 0 |- | [[Michelle Ugwah]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2004) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2004" | 2004-12-07 | | | | [[:d:Q135360142|Q135360142]] | 0 |- | [[Sarah Hickey]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2004) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2004" | 2004-04-12 | | | | [[:d:Q135360150|Q135360150]] | 0 |- | [[Trisha Kanyamarala]] | [[Íomhá:TrishaKanyamarala23.jpg|center|40px]] | [[An India|Indiach]] imreoir fichille (*2005) ♀ | [[imreoir fichille]] | data-sort-value="2005" | 2005 | | | | [[:d:Q81826781|Q81826781]] | 4 |- | [[Ava Rochford]] | | Iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*2005) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="2005" | 2005-12-31 | | | | [[:d:Q113302787|Q113302787]] | 1 |- | [[Elizabeth Ndudi]] | | Iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta (*2005) ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | data-sort-value="2005" | 2005-03-21 | | | | [[:d:Q121338851|Q121338851]] | 4 |- | [[Gandy Malou-Mamel]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2005) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2005" | 2005-12-31 | | | | [[:d:Q135352417|Q135352417]] | 1 |- | [[Emer Dunne]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2005) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2005" | 2005-10-29 | | | | [[:d:Q135354136|Q135354136]] | 0 |- | [[Katie O'Sullivan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2005) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2005" | 2005-11-26 | | | | [[:d:Q135354521|Q135354521]] | 0 |- | [[Rachel Lynch]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2005) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2005" | 2005-12-21 | | | | [[:d:Q135358213|Q135358213]] | 0 |- | [[Alannah O'Connell]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2005) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2005" | 2005-07-17 | | | | [[:d:Q135358214|Q135358214]] | 0 |- | [[Priya Doyle]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2005) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2005" | 2005-12-28 | | | | [[:d:Q135358215|Q135358215]] | 0 |- | [[Bree Shelley]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2005) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2005" | 2005-06-18 | | | | [[:d:Q135358239|Q135358239]] | 0 |- | [[Rebecca Sexton]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2005) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2005" | 2005-08-17 | | | | [[:d:Q135358240|Q135358240]] | 0 |- | [[Isabelle McSweeney]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2005) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2005" | 2005-07-18 | | | | [[:d:Q135358245|Q135358245]] | 0 |- | [[Emma Gribben]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2005) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2005" | 2005-04-08 | | | | [[:d:Q135358246|Q135358246]] | 0 |- | [[Caitlin Gloeckner]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2005) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2005" | 2005-10-03 | | | | [[:d:Q135358247|Q135358247]] | 0 |- | [[Lucy Devoy]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2005) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2005" | 2005-03-09 | | | | [[:d:Q135358248|Q135358248]] | 0 |- | [[Sarah Courtney]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2006) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2006" | 2006-12-18 | | | | [[:d:Q135351864|Q135351864]] | 0 |- | [[Laura McFarland]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2006) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2006" | 2006-05-31 | | | | [[:d:Q135351865|Q135351865]] | 0 |- | [[Karolina Gierszal]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[An Pholainn|polannach]] cispheileadóir (*2006) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2006" | 2006-04-24 | | | | [[:d:Q135355491|Q135355491]] | 0 |- | [[Ava Walshe]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2006) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2006" | 2006-07-21 | | | | [[:d:Q135355954|Q135355954]] | 0 |- | [[Clara Boyce]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2006) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2006" | 2006-03-03 | | | | [[:d:Q135355996|Q135355996]] | 0 |- | [[Shannon Quigley]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2006) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2006" | 2006-10-25 | | | | [[:d:Q135356011|Q135356011]] | 0 |- | [[Kelly Bracken]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2006) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2006" | 2006-03-31 | | | | [[:d:Q135356012|Q135356012]] | 0 |- | [[Grace Prenter]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2006) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2006" | 2006-12-05 | | | | [[:d:Q135356014|Q135356014]] | 0 |- | [[Emma Tolan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2006) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2006" | 2006-03-23 | | | | [[:d:Q135356015|Q135356015]] | 0 |- | [[Caoimhe Gilligan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2006) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2006" | 2006-10-07 | | | | [[:d:Q135356017|Q135356017]] | 0 |- | [[Leah McMahon]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2006) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2006" | 2006-06-02 | | | | [[:d:Q135358238|Q135358238]] | 0 |- | [[Aisling Moran]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2006) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2006" | 2006-11-23 | | | | [[:d:Q135358244|Q135358244]] | 0 |- | [[Shauna Curran]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2006) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2006" | 2006-02-02 | | | | [[:d:Q135358249|Q135358249]] | 0 |- | [[Rachel Bowdren]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2006) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2006" | 2006-02-01 | | | | [[:d:Q135358250|Q135358250]] | 0 |- | [[Grace Davison]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] snámhóir (*2007) ♀ | [[snámhóir]] | data-sort-value="2007" | 2007-08-26 | | | | [[:d:Q130220494|Q130220494]] | 2 |- | [[Lara Putar]] | | Imreoir fichille (*2007) ♀ | [[imreoir fichille]] | data-sort-value="2007" | 2007-02-12 | | | | [[:d:Q131767687|Q131767687]] | 0 |- | [[Una O'Brien]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2007) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2007" | 2007-12-05 | | | | [[:d:Q135353330|Q135353330]] | 0 |- | [[Sophie Staunton]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2007) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2007" | 2007-02-03 | | | | [[:d:Q135353331|Q135353331]] | 0 |- | [[Riodhna McGrath]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2007) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2007" | 2007-03-11 | | | | [[:d:Q135353332|Q135353332]] | 0 |- | [[Kira Lynch]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2007) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2007" | 2007-09-21 | | | | [[:d:Q135353333|Q135353333]] | 0 |- | [[Sidney Quinn]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|meiriceánach]] cispheileadóir (*2007) ♀; child of Kieran Quinn agus Jen Critchley | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2007" | 2007-04-16 | | | | [[:d:Q135353335|Q135353335]] | 0 |- | [[Faye McDonnell]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2007) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2007" | 2007-05-08 | | | | [[:d:Q135353337|Q135353337]] | 0 |- | [[Andrea Jude]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[An India|indiach]] cispheileadóir (*2007) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2007" | 2007-02-19 | | | | [[:d:Q135353338|Q135353338]] | 0 |- | [[Helena Keane]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2007) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2007" | 2007-12-18 | | | | [[:d:Q135356013|Q135356013]] | 0 |- | [[Ciara Brogan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2007) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2007" | 2007-10-16 | | | | [[:d:Q135356016|Q135356016]] | 0 |- | [[Siofra Flynn]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="2007" | 2007-02-05 | | | | [[:d:Q136793711|Q136793711]] | 0 |- | [[Eve O'Carroll]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|briotanach]] imreoir sacair (*2007) ♀ | [[imreoir sacair]] | data-sort-value="2007" | 2007-01-17 | | | | [[:d:Q138107884|Q138107884]] | 2 |- | [[Mia McEntee]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2007) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2007" | 2007-09-19 | | | | [[:d:Q140468897|Q140468897]] | 0 |- | [[Michelle Shochan]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="2007" | 2007-12-17 | | | | [[:d:Q140664853|Q140664853]] | 0 |- | [[Amber Buchanan]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="2008" | 2008-05-21 | | | | [[:d:Q62393479|Q62393479]] | 0 |- | [[Naomi Farrington]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2008) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2008" | 2008-04-23 | | | | [[:d:Q135352455|Q135352455]] | 0 |- | [[Muireann Teahan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2008) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2008" | 2008-10-24 | | | | [[:d:Q135352456|Q135352456]] | 0 |- | [[Maebh Purtill]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2008) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2008" | 2008-06-10 | | | | [[:d:Q135352459|Q135352459]] | 0 |- | [[Lucy Walsh]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2008) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2008" | 2008-12-19 | | | | [[:d:Q135352460|Q135352460]] | 0 |- | [[Katie Behan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2008) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2008" | 2008-05-25 | | | | [[:d:Q135352464|Q135352464]] | 0 |- | [[Eabha Booth]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2008) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2008" | 2008-02-05 | | | | [[:d:Q135352465|Q135352465]] | 0 |- | [[Caoimhe Timmons]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2008) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2008" | 2008-02-14 | | | | [[:d:Q135352518|Q135352518]] | 0 |- | [[Abbie Lyons]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2008) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2008" | 2008-10-23 | | | | [[:d:Q135352519|Q135352519]] | 0 |- | [[Kaitlyn Summers]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|meiriceánach]] cispheileadóir (*2008) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2008" | 2008-10-18 | | | | [[:d:Q135353334|Q135353334]] | 0 |- | [[Francesca Kyamagero]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[Uganda|ugandach]] cispheileadóir (*2008) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2008" | 2008-08-11 | | | | [[:d:Q135353336|Q135353336]] | 0 |- | [[Aoibheann Donnelly]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|meiriceánach]] cispheileadóir (*2008) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2008" | 2008-08-01 | | | | [[:d:Q135353339|Q135353339]] | 0 |- | [[Nicole Joy]] | | imreoir badmantain | [[imreoir badmantain]] | data-sort-value="2008" | 2008-05-06 | | | | [[:d:Q140658372|Q140658372]] | 0 |- | [[Aimee O'Reilly]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2008) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2008" | 2008-06-04 | | | | [[:d:Q140672252|Q140672252]] | 0 |- | [[Madelyn Hartigan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2009) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2009" | 2009-08-18 | | | | [[:d:Q135352457|Q135352457]] | 0 |- | [[Sofia Lopez O'Sullivan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|briotanach]]-[[An Spáinn|spáinneach]] cispheileadóir (*2009) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2009" | 2009-08-25 | | | | [[:d:Q136381554|Q136381554]] | 0 |- | [[Shekinah Djoussa]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2009) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2009" | 2009-12-09 | | | | [[:d:Q136381556|Q136381556]] | 0 |- | [[Laura Buckley]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2009) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2009" | 2009-07-29 | | | | [[:d:Q136381558|Q136381558]] | 0 |- | [[Julie Mai O'Connor]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2009) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2009" | 2009-08-02 | | | | [[:d:Q136381679|Q136381679]] | 0 |- | [[Jean Aherne]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2009) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2009" | 2009-08-25 | | | | [[:d:Q136381680|Q136381680]] | 0 |- | [[Hannah Cassin]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]]-[[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|briotanach]] cispheileadóir (*2009) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2009" | 2009-05-11 | | | | [[:d:Q136381681|Q136381681]] | 0 |- | [[Amy Elliott]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2009) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2009" | 2009-03-28 | | | | [[:d:Q136381682|Q136381682]] | 0 |- | [[Maryna Petrenko]] | | Imreoir fichille (*2009) ♀ | [[imreoir fichille]] | data-sort-value="2009" | 2009-02-11 | | | | [[:d:Q139276715|Q139276715]] | 0 |- | [[Robyn Walsh]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2010) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2010" | 2010-02-23 | | | | [[:d:Q136381557|Q136381557]] | 0 |- | [[Katie Rose Harrison]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] cispheileadóir (*2010) ♀ | [[cispheileadóir]] | data-sort-value="2010" | 2010-02-04 | | | | [[:d:Q136381678|Q136381678]] | 0 |- | [[Carmel Gunning]] | | ceoltóir Éireannach | [[amhránaí]]<br/>[[ceoleolaí]]<br/>[[cumadóir amhrán]]<br/>[[fliúiteadóir]] | | | [[An Ghaobhach]] | | [[:d:Q951887|Q951887]] | 2 |- | [[Rita Connolly]] | | amhránaí | [[amhránaí]] | | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q956109|Q956109]] | 4 |- | [[Samthann]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] [[File|file]] agus [[Scríbhneoir|scríbhneoir]] (†739) ♀ | [[file]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir]] | | data-sort-value="739" | 739-12-19 | | | [[:d:Q1278739|Q1278739]] | 4 |- | [[Juanita Wilson]] | | stiúrthóir scannán | [[stiúrthóir scannán]]<br/>[[léiritheoir scannáin]]<br/>[[scríbhneoir scripte]] | | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q1710722|Q1710722]] | 7 |- | [[Mairéad Phelan]] | | amhránaí Éireannach | [[amhránaí]] | | | | | [[:d:Q1941074|Q1941074]] | 1 |- | [[Vyvienne Long]] | | ceoltóir Éireannach | [[ceoltóir]] | | | [[Baile Átha Cliath]] | | [[:d:Q2069395|Q2069395]] | 4 |- | [[Teresa Kidd]] | | Iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | | | | | [[:d:Q2311088|Q2311088]] | 1 |- | [[Eleanor Shanley]] | [[Íomhá:Eleanor Shanly Paul Kelly Frankie Lane Dublin 2011.png|center|40px]] | amhránaí Éireannach | [[amhránaí]] | | | | | [[:d:Q2390709|Q2390709]] | 3 |- | [[Áine Furey]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] [[Amhránaí|amhránaí]] ♀; child of Finbar Furey | [[amhránaí]] | | | | | [[:d:Q2528271|Q2528271]] | 2 |- | [[Maeve Donnelly]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] veidhleadóir ♀ | [[veidhleadóir]] | | | [[Contae na Gaillimhe]] | | [[:d:Q2541341|Q2541341]] | 2 |- | [[Mary Brannagan]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] imreoir fichille ♀ | [[imreoir fichille]] | | | | | [[:d:Q110161410|Q110161410]] | 2 |- | [[Danielle Donegan]] | | Cianreathaí ♀ | [[cianreathaí]] | | | | | [[:d:Q125188525|Q125188525]] | 1 |- | [[Ava O'Connor]] | | Iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta ♀ | [[iomaitheoir lúthchleasaíochta]] | | | | | [[:d:Q125188526|Q125188526]] | 1 |- | [[Tanya O'Neill]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] imreoir snúcair ♀ | [[imreoir snúcair]] | | | | | [[:d:Q137163054|Q137163054]] | 0 |- | [[Paula Judge]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] imreoir snúcair ♀ | [[imreoir snúcair]] | | | | | [[:d:Q137163055|Q137163055]] | 0 |- | [[Margaret O'Driscoll]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] imreoir snúcair ♀ | [[imreoir snúcair]] | | | | | [[:d:Q137163056|Q137163056]] | 0 |- | [[Ella O'Connor]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] imreoir snúcair ♀ | [[imreoir snúcair]] | | | | | [[:d:Q137163057|Q137163057]] | 0 |- | [[Michelle Sherwin]] | | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannaigh]] imreoir snúcair ♀ | [[imreoir snúcair]] | | | | | [[:d:Q137163058|Q137163058]] | 0 |} ---- &sum; 970 items. {{wikidata list end}} [[Catagóir:Mná Éireannacha|*]] kgwlmubi18awny75rs5fft4vf5z8jkx 0 95295 1322809 1173094 2026-08-06T09:00:22Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322809 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[Category:Articles with 'species' microformats]] Is corr réisc é '''an bonnán amhrasach''' (''Ixobrychus dubius'' ), ar a dtugtar freisin '''an bonnán droim dhubh''' nó '''an bonnan beag Astrálach'''. Is speiceas gan iomrá é san [[Fine (bitheolaíocht)|fhine]] [[Corr réisc|Ardeidae]] atá le fáil san [[An Astráil|Astráil]] agus mar fhánaí i ndeisceart na [[An Nua-Ghuine|Nua-Ghuine]]. Roimhe seo curtha le chéile leis an [[bonnán beag]], tá sé ar cheann de na corr réisc is lú ar domhan. == Tacsanomaíocht == Uaireanta breathnaítear ar an bhonnán mar fhospeiceas den bhonná beag (''Ixobrychus minutus'' ), nó de bhonnán beag na Nua-Shéalainne (''I. novaezelandiae'' ). Mar sin féin, léirigh fianaise mhóilíneach go bhfuil baint níos dlúithe aici leis an bhonna Síneach (''I. sinensis'' ) ná le foirmeacha na hAfraice agus an Phailéartaighden bhonnán beag, agus aithnítear anois é mar speiceas iomlán.<ref>{{Cite book |title= Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds|author1=Christidis, Les |author2=Boles, Walter E. |name-list-style=amp|year= 2008|publisher= CSIRO Publishing|location= Melbourne|isbn= 978-0-643-06511-6|pages= |url= }} , p.108.</ref> == Cur síos == Tomhaiseann an speiceas seo 25 go 36 cm, tá meáchan iomlán 60-120 g aige, 84 g ar an meán.<ref name="m&h" >{{Cite book |title= Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds. Volume 1: Ratites to Ducks|editor= Marchant, S. |editor2=Higgins, P.J. |year= 1991|publisher= Oxford University Press|location= Melbourne|isbn= 0-19-553244-9|pages= 1039–1045|url= }}</ref>Is bonnán an-bheag é seo agus ceann de na corr réisc is lú ar domhan. Tá dath an chuid uachtair dubh den chuid is mó ag an cineál fireann fásta, lena n-áirítear caipín dubh, agus tá dath an chuid íochtarach, chomh maith leis an muineál, an chíche agus taobhanna an chinn, donnrua saibhir. Tá paistí móra donnbhuí ar na guaillí, feiceálach ar eitilt. Tá an baineann níos duibhe, donn agus stríoca ar chúl agus baithis; tá éin neamhaibí cosúil lena chéile. Tá na himrisc buí, tá an goba buí le culmain dhubh, agus na troithe agus na cosa glas-buí.<ref name="Coates 1985">{{Cite book |title= The Birds of Papua New Guinea. Volume I: Non-Passerines|author= Coates, Brian J. |year= 1985|publisher= Dove Publications|location= Alderley, Queensland|isbn= 0-9590257-0-7|pages= 84|url= }} </ref> == Dáileadh agus gluaiseachtaí == === An Astráil === San Astráil tá an bonnán le fáil in oirdheisceart na mór-roinne, agus an chuid is mó de na taifid ag teacht ó Abhantrach na Murray-Darling , chomh maith le paiste feadh an chósta thoir, agus in iardheisceart na hAstráile áit a bhfuil sé coitianta go háitiúil ar machaire cósta an Swan. Tugtar roinnt taifead scaipthe ó áiteanna eile, lena n-áirítear áiteanna cósta i réigiún Kimberley, an Top End, agus oileáin Chaolas Torres, agus sroicheannfánaithe Oileán an Tiarna Howe agus an [[An Nua-Shéalainn|Nua-Shéalainn]] ó am go chéile. ==Tagairtí== [[Catagóir: Ixobrychus | bonnán amhrasach]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1912]] [[Catagóir: Éin na hAstráile]] [[Catagóir: Éin New South Wales]] [[Catagóir: Éin Victoria (An Astráil)]] a1lwjwx8pzu5bqsluaoc9slnvinfcs4 0 110659 1322782 1322652 2026-08-06T08:23:19Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322782 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[cruidín crainn]] dúdhonn é an '''[[cúcabarra]] sluasaidghobach''' (''Dacelo rex'') atá thart ar 33cm (13 orlach) i bhfad agus a bhfuil gob trom gearr leathan air nach bhfuil a mhacasamhail le fáil ar aon chruidín eile. Tá ceann dorcha le stríoc ruadhonn taobh thiar dá súile agus tá clár éadain an éin níos éadroime le dath dearg air. Tosaíonn stríoc beag oráiste atá an-fheiceálach ag súile an éin agus críochnaíonn sé ag a chluasa. Tá a scornach bhán agus tá coiléar muinéil agus íochtar ruadhonn air. geadán gléghorm, [[imreasc]] donn, [[gob]] donn-dubh(is minic cuma dhonn a bheith ar an ghob iomlán de bharr cré) le mandabal níos éadroime agus cosa éadroma air. Tá cuma an-chosúil le chéile ar an dá ghnéas ach is féidir brath ar dhath an eireabaill chun idirdhealú a dhéanamh orthu. Tá eireaball gorm dorcha ar an fhireannach agus ceann ruadhonn ar an bhaineannach. Tá cuma bhaineannach ar [[Clúmh|chlúmh]] an éin óig le cleití a bhfuil pátrún gainne orthu<ref name=":0">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Shovel-billed Kookaburra (Dacelo rex), version 1.0|url=https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/shbkoo1/cur/introduction|journal=Birds of the World|date=2020|issn=2771-3105|doi=10.2173/bow.shbkoo1.01species_shared.bow.project_name|language=en|author=P. F. Woodall}}</ref>. == Rangú == Is é an t-éaneolaí Briotanach Richard Bowdler a rinne an chéad chur síos ar an speiceas seo sa bhliain 1880 agus rangaigh sé sa [[Géineas|ghéineas]] mhonaitíopach ''Clytoceyx'' inar fhan sé ina specieas aonarach go dtí an bhliain 2017 é<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=The Annals and magazine of natural history; zoology, botany, and geology|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/81219|publisher=Taylor and Francis, Ltd|date=1880|location=London|volume=ser.5:v.6=no.31-36 (1880)}}</ref>. Ceapadh gurb é an cúcabarra sluasaidghobach an t-aon ionadaí den [[Géineas|ghéineas]] ''Clytoceyx'' sular léirigh staidéar filighiniteach móilíneach a foilsíodh in 2017 gur speiceas deirféar é leis an chúcabarra bhreac laistigh den ghéineas ''Dacelo''<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=A phylogeny of kingfishers reveals an Indomalayan origin and elevated rates of diversification on oceanic islands|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jbi.13139|journal=Journal of Biogeography|date=2018-02|issn=0305-0270|pages=269–281|volume=45|issue=2|doi=10.1111/jbi.13139|language=en|author=Michael J. Andersen, Jenna M. McCullough, William M. Mauck, Brian Tilston Smith, Robert G. Moyle}}</ref>. D'athrangaigh an [[Chomhdháil Éaneolaíoch Idirnáisiúnta]] é sa ghéineas ''Dacelo'' in 2023 agus is comhchiallach é ''Clytoceyx'' de ''Dacelo'' ó shin i leith<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/bow/rollers/|teideal=Rollers, ground rollers, kingfishers – IOC World Bird List|work=www.worldbirdnames.org|dátarochtana=03-02-2023}}</ref><ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Michael J. Andersen, Jenna M. McCullough, William M. Mauck III, Brian Tilston Smith, Robert G. Moyle|date=2017|title=A phylogeny of kingfishers reveals an Indomalayan origin and elevated rates of diversification on oceanic islands.|issue=45(2)|doi=10.1111/jbi.13139|publisher=Journal of Biogeography}}</ref>. == Tacsanomaíocht == Is éan [[eindéimeach]] de bhunadh [[An Nua-Ghuine|na Nua-Ghuine]] é an cúcabarra sluasaidghobach<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Birds of New Guinea: Distribution, Taxonomy, and Systematics|url=https://books.google.ie/books?id=wRR1CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA226&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Princeton University Press|date=2016-03-29|language=en|author=Bruce M. Beehler, Thane K. Pratt}}</ref>. Ní aithnítear aon fhospeicis toisc go bhfuil na difríochtaí clúimh idir an dá chine ''imperator'' agus ''septentrionalis'' an-bheag. Faightear an t-éan seo i gcoillte cnoic de ghnáth ach tá taifid den éan seo ó [[leibhéal na mara]] suas go hairde 2400m (7850tr)<ref name=":1">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22683202/92978611|teideal=Clytoceyx rex|údar=BirdLife International|coauthors=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species|dáta=2016|doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22683202A92978611|dátarochtana=11-11-2021}}</ref>. Faigheann an cúcabarra sluasaidghobach a chuid bia i láib nó i dtalamh tais. Péist talún, seilidí, ciaróga, laghairteanna agus feithidí is mó atá i gceist le réim bia an éin seo. Tá sé neamhfheiceálach agus ní minic a fheictear é. Tá seans maith ann gur ainmhí leath-[[Ainmhí clapsholais|chlapsholais]] é an cúcabarra sluasaidghobach<ref name=":0" />. == Caomhantas == Éan forleathan ach neamhchoitianta is ea an cúcabarra sluasaidghobach atá le fáil i gcuid mhaith den Nua-Ghuine agus meastar an t-éan seo a bheith ina [[speiceas is lú imní]] dar le [[Liosta Dearg an AICD|Liosta Dearg]] de Speicis faoi Bhagairt an [[An tAontas Idirnáisiúnta do Chaomhnú an Dúlra|Aontais Idirnáisiúnta do Chaomhnú an Dúlra]] toisc nach bhfuil aon shainbhagairt aithnithe<ref name=":1" />. == Tagairtí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Naisc sheachtracha == <templatestyles src="Module:Side box/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Catcómhaoin|Dacelo rex}} * [http://www.xeno-canto.org/species/Dacelo-rex Xeno-canto: taifeadtaí fuaime den chúcabarra shluasaidghobach] {{Halcyoninae}}{{Taxonbar}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] [[Catagóir:Dacelo]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1880]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na Nua-Ghuine]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas is lú imní de chuid an AICD]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas is lú imní de chuid an AICD]] hc08zer5xfxcpiubco6pl4x977oqrdv 0 113714 1322764 1322693 2026-08-06T07:36:25Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322764 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}}Is cruidín crainn gorm agus bán é an '''[[cúcabarra]] breac''' ('''''Dacelo tyro''''') ar a bhaistear an '''cruidín ollmhór Arúach''' fosta. Is speiceas [[cúcabarra]] gan iomrá é a fhaightear sna [[Leasríocht na n-Oileán Arú|hOileáin Arú]] agus [[sabhána agus talamh féaraigh Tras-Flaidh]] na [[Nua-Ghuine]] Theas. Níl mórán ar eolas faoi shaol teaghlaigh agus bitheolaíocht phóraithe an éin seo == Tacsanomaíocht == Aithnítear dhá fhospeiceas den éan seo: <ref name=":0">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters, and Rollers, by Hilary Fry, Kathie Fry, and Alan Harris [Review]|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.357170|journal=The Canadian field-naturalist|date=1993|issn=0008-3550|pages=384–385|volume=107|issue=3|doi=10.5962/p.357170|author=Roy John}}</ref> * ''D. t. tyro -'' na hOileáin Arúacha, an Indinéis * ''D. t. archboldi'' - An Nua-Ghuine == Cur síos == Fásann an cúcabarra breac suas go 33 cm (13 or) i bhfad; is minic na baineannaigh a bheith beagáinín níos mó ná na fireannaigh. <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.hbw.com/species/spangled-kookaburra-dacelo-tyro|title=Spangled Kookaburra (Dacelo tyro)|language=en|work=Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive|access-date=2019-01-31}}</ref> Tá sciatháin agus eireaball gealghorm, ucht agus bolg bán, súile dorcha agus ceann dubh bánbhallach air. Tá an [[gob]] uachtair dúliath agus tá an gob íochtair bán. Tá cuma na bhfireannach agus na mbaineannach an-chosúil le chéile. <ref name=":0" /> == Sanasaíocht agus Stair na Taighde == Rinne George Robert Gray an chéad chur síos ar an chúcabarra bhreac sa bhliain 1858 faoin ainm ''Dacelo tyro''. Bhailigh Alfred Russel Wallace an t-eiseamal speicis ar na hOileáin Arúacha.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=A list of the birds, with descriptions of new Species, obtained by Mr Alfred R. Wallace in the Aru and Ké Islands|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/32271683#page/237/mode/1up|publisher=Academic Press, Zoological Society of London|date=1858|location=Londain|volume=357|author=George Robert Gray|journal=Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London|issue=26|pages=lch. 171}}</ref> Is sa bhliain 1815 a thug William Elford Leach an géineas nua ''Dacelo'' isteach don chúcabarra gháiriteach (''Dacelo novaeguineae'' (Hermann, 1783)) (comhchiallach: ''Dacelo gigas'').<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=The zoological miscellany : being descriptions of new, or interesting animals|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/91182#page/221/mode/1up|publisher=Printed by B. McMillan for E. Nodder & Son and sold by all booksellers|date=1815|location=London|volume=v.2 (1815)|author=William Elford Leach, William Elford Leach, Frederick Polydore Nodder, Richard Polydore Nodder, George Shaw|language=Béarla|pages=lch. 125}}</ref> Is anagram den ghéineas ''Alcedo'' le [[Carl von Linné|Linnaeus]], 1758, é.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/key-to-scientific-names/search?q=Dacelo|teideal=The Key to Scientific Names - Birds of the World|language=en|work=birdsoftheworld.org|dátarochtana=2025-04-23}}</ref> Síolraíonn an t-ainm speicis ó [[Miotaseolaíocht|mhiotaseolaíocht]] [[Miotaseolaíocht na Gréige|na Gréige]] mar thagairt don nimfeach Tyro.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/key-to-scientific-names/search?q=tyro|teideal=The Key to Scientific Names - Birds of the World|language=en|work=birdsoftheworld.org|dátarochtana=2025-04-23}}</ref> Tugann ''Archiboldi'' ómós do Richard Archibold.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Austin Loomer Rand|date=1938|url=https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstreams/3e15cecc-6a80-463c-8ecd-5ed1e9b0d104/download|title=Results of the Archbold Expeditions No. 19 On some non-passerine New Guinea birds|journal=American Museum novitates|volume=990|pages=lch. 13|language=Béarla|location=Cathair Nua Eabhraic|publisher=The American Museum of Natural History}}</ref> == Litríocht == * George Robert Gray: ''A list of the birds, with descriptions of new Species, obtained by Mr Alfred R. Wallace in the Aru and Ké Islands''. In: ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London''. Eagrán 26, Ui. 357, 1858, lgh. 169–198 ([https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/32271683#page/237/mode/1up biodiversitylibrary.org]). * Colin Harrison, Alan Greensmith: ''Vögel: Mit mehr als 800 Arten und 2200 Abbildungen''. DK Verlag Dorling Kindersley, München 2005, [[:de:Spezial:ISBN-Suche/9783831007851|ISBN 978-3-8310-0785-1]].(as Gearmáinis) * William Elford Leach, Richard Polydore Nodder: ''The zoological miscellany: being descriptions of new, or interesting animals''. Eagrán 2. E. Nodder & Son, Londain 1815 ([https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/91182#page/221/mode/1up biodiversitylibrary.org]). * Austin Loomer Rand: ''Results of the Archbold Expeditions No. 19 On some non-passerine New Guinea birds''. In: ''American Museum novitates''. Ui. 990, 1938, lgh. 1–15 (Béarla, [https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstreams/3e15cecc-6a80-463c-8ecd-5ed1e9b0d104/download amnh.org] [PDF; 1.4 MB]). == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} == Naisc sheachtracha == {{Commonscat|Dacelo tyro|audio=0|video=0}} * [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/index.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=1093&m=0 Bileog Eolais ar Speicis BirdLife] {{Halcyoninae}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q716456}} [[Catagóir:Dacelo]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas is lú imní de chuid an AICD]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na Nua-Ghuine]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na n-Oileán Arú]] [[Catagóir:Speiceas éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1858]] 2jxcemixe136k6sh903wqt2ye1eptt3 1322781 1322764 2026-08-06T08:22:58Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322781 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}}Is cruidín crainn gorm agus bán é an '''[[cúcabarra]] breac''' ('''''Dacelo tyro''''') ar a bhaistear an '''cruidín ollmhór Arúach''' fosta. Is speiceas [[cúcabarra]] gan iomrá é a fhaightear sna [[Leasríocht na n-Oileán Arú|hOileáin Arú]] agus [[sabhána agus talamh féaraigh Tras-Flaidh]] na [[Nua-Ghuine]] Theas. Níl mórán ar eolas faoi shaol teaghlaigh agus bitheolaíocht phóraithe an éin seo == Tacsanomaíocht == Aithnítear dhá fhospeiceas den éan seo: <ref name=":0">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters, and Rollers, by Hilary Fry, Kathie Fry, and Alan Harris [Review]|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.357170|journal=The Canadian field-naturalist|date=1993|issn=0008-3550|pages=384–385|volume=107|issue=3|doi=10.5962/p.357170|author=Roy John}}</ref> * ''D. t. tyro -'' na hOileáin Arúacha, an Indinéis * ''D. t. archboldi'' - An Nua-Ghuine == Cur síos == Fásann an cúcabarra breac suas go 33 cm (13 or) i bhfad; is minic na baineannaigh a bheith beagáinín níos mó ná na fireannaigh. <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.hbw.com/species/spangled-kookaburra-dacelo-tyro|title=Spangled Kookaburra (Dacelo tyro)|language=en|work=Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive|access-date=2019-01-31}}</ref> Tá sciatháin agus eireaball gealghorm, ucht agus bolg bán, súile dorcha agus ceann dubh bánbhallach air. Tá an [[gob]] uachtair dúliath agus tá an gob íochtair bán. Tá cuma na bhfireannach agus na mbaineannach an-chosúil le chéile. <ref name=":0" /> == Sanasaíocht agus Stair na Taighde == Rinne George Robert Gray an chéad chur síos ar an chúcabarra bhreac sa bhliain 1858 faoin ainm ''Dacelo tyro''. Bhailigh Alfred Russel Wallace an t-eiseamal speicis ar na hOileáin Arúacha.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=A list of the birds, with descriptions of new Species, obtained by Mr Alfred R. Wallace in the Aru and Ké Islands|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/32271683#page/237/mode/1up|publisher=Academic Press, Zoological Society of London|date=1858|location=Londain|volume=357|author=George Robert Gray|journal=Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London|issue=26|pages=lch. 171}}</ref> Is sa bhliain 1815 a thug William Elford Leach an géineas nua ''Dacelo'' isteach don chúcabarra gháiriteach (''Dacelo novaeguineae'' (Hermann, 1783)) (comhchiallach: ''Dacelo gigas'').<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=The zoological miscellany : being descriptions of new, or interesting animals|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/91182#page/221/mode/1up|publisher=Printed by B. McMillan for E. Nodder & Son and sold by all booksellers|date=1815|location=London|volume=v.2 (1815)|author=William Elford Leach, William Elford Leach, Frederick Polydore Nodder, Richard Polydore Nodder, George Shaw|language=Béarla|pages=lch. 125}}</ref> Is anagram den ghéineas ''Alcedo'' le [[Carl von Linné|Linnaeus]], 1758, é.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/key-to-scientific-names/search?q=Dacelo|teideal=The Key to Scientific Names - Birds of the World|language=en|work=birdsoftheworld.org|dátarochtana=2025-04-23}}</ref> Síolraíonn an t-ainm speicis ó [[Miotaseolaíocht|mhiotaseolaíocht]] [[Miotaseolaíocht na Gréige|na Gréige]] mar thagairt don nimfeach Tyro.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/key-to-scientific-names/search?q=tyro|teideal=The Key to Scientific Names - Birds of the World|language=en|work=birdsoftheworld.org|dátarochtana=2025-04-23}}</ref> Tugann ''Archiboldi'' ómós do Richard Archibold.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Austin Loomer Rand|date=1938|url=https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstreams/3e15cecc-6a80-463c-8ecd-5ed1e9b0d104/download|title=Results of the Archbold Expeditions No. 19 On some non-passerine New Guinea birds|journal=American Museum novitates|volume=990|pages=lch. 13|language=Béarla|location=Cathair Nua Eabhraic|publisher=The American Museum of Natural History}}</ref> == Litríocht == * George Robert Gray: ''A list of the birds, with descriptions of new Species, obtained by Mr Alfred R. Wallace in the Aru and Ké Islands''. In: ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London''. Eagrán 26, Ui. 357, 1858, lgh. 169–198 ([https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/32271683#page/237/mode/1up biodiversitylibrary.org]). * Colin Harrison, Alan Greensmith: ''Vögel: Mit mehr als 800 Arten und 2200 Abbildungen''. DK Verlag Dorling Kindersley, München 2005, [[:de:Spezial:ISBN-Suche/9783831007851|ISBN 978-3-8310-0785-1]].(as Gearmáinis) * William Elford Leach, Richard Polydore Nodder: ''The zoological miscellany: being descriptions of new, or interesting animals''. Eagrán 2. E. Nodder & Son, Londain 1815 ([https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/91182#page/221/mode/1up biodiversitylibrary.org]). * Austin Loomer Rand: ''Results of the Archbold Expeditions No. 19 On some non-passerine New Guinea birds''. In: ''American Museum novitates''. Ui. 990, 1938, lgh. 1–15 (Béarla, [https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstreams/3e15cecc-6a80-463c-8ecd-5ed1e9b0d104/download amnh.org] [PDF; 1.4 MB]). == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} == Naisc sheachtracha == {{Commonscat|Dacelo tyro|audio=0|video=0}} * [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/index.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=1093&m=0 Bileog Eolais ar Speicis BirdLife] {{Halcyoninae}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q716456}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] [[Catagóir:Dacelo]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1858]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na Nua-Ghuine]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na n-Oileán Arú]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas is lú imní de chuid an AICD]] k4d76l29onvfqld1csdvok97xhpqfv1 0 113718 1322784 1322691 2026-08-06T08:24:09Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322784 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}}Is speiceas [[cúcabarra]] a fhaightear go forleathan i bhforaoisí ísealchríocha na [[Nua-Ghuine]] é an '''cúcabarra tarr-ruadhonn'''<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/c%FAcabarra%20tarr-ruadhonn/|title=“cúcabarra tarr-ruadhonn” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2024-05-16}}</ref> ''('''Dacelo gaudichaud''')''. Is é an luibheolaí Francach [[Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré]] a rinne an chéad chur síos ar an éan seo nuair a bhaist sé an t-ainm '''''kookaburra Gaudichaud''''' as a ainm féin air i dtosach báire. == Cur síos == Is éan dubhchaipíneach é le sciatháin a bhfuil imir ghorm orthu agus tá dath tarr-ruadhonn ar ucht agus eireaball an éin seo. Is féidir idirdhealú a dhéanamh idir é agus cúcabarraí eile agus gob bán air a fhad agus atá goba dubha ar na cúcabarraí eile.<ref name=":1">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters, and Rollers, by Hilary Fry, Kathie Fry, and Alan Harris [Review]|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.357170|journal=The Canadian field-naturalist|date=1993|issn=0008-3550|pages=384–385|volume=107|issue=3|doi=10.5962/p.357170|author=Roy John}}</ref> Tá gob dúliath ar na héin óga, áfach. Is féidir idirdhealú a dhéanamh idir an dá ghnéas amhail an [[cúcabarra gormeiteach]] trí fhaire ar dhath a n-eireaball atá gorm ar na fireannaigh agus tarr-ruadhonn ar na baineannaigh agus na héin óga. Tá an cúcabarra tarr-ruadhonn níos lú ná speicis chúcabarra<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420064452|date=2007-12-05|doi=10.1201/9781420064452|author=John B. Dunning Jr.}}</ref> eile agus é thart ar 143 g (5.0 unsa) agus 28 cm (11.0 or)<ref name=":2">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Birds of Singapore|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789811282027_0039|publisher=WORLD SCIENTIFIC|journal=Peace with Nature|date=2023-08|pages=307–314|author=Morten Strange, Bee Choo Strange}}</ref> i bhfad i gcomparáid le meáchan 335g (11.8 unsa) agus fad 46 cm (18.1 or) an [[Cúcabarra gáiriteach|chúcabarra gháiriteach]]. In ainneoin dhifríochtaí ollmhóra na méideanna, tá cáil ar an chúcabarra tarr-ruadhonn as na hibridí (neamhthorthúla) a chruthaíonn se le chuile speiceas chúcabarra eile,<ref name=":0">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=McCarthy, Sir Mortimer (Eugene), (7 July 1890–16 May 1967)|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u54579|publisher=Oxford University Press|journal=Who Was Who|date=2007-12-01}}</ref> cé go léiríonn staidéir ghéiniteacha gurb é an speiceas is faide amach den chúig speiceas cúcabarra.<ref name=":0" /> == Tacsanomaíocht == Tá an cúcabarra seo neamhghnách sa mhéid is go n-aimsítear i [[Foraois bháistí|bhforaoisí báistí]] dlútha (seachas an talamh oscailte ab fhearr le cúcabarraí eile) é agus nach mbíonn cónaí air i ngrúpaí teaghlaigh [[Pórú comhoibritheach|phóraithe chomhoibrithigh]] ach go haonarach nó i bpéirí agus iad ag pórú. Is féidir cúcabarraí tarr-ruadhonna a aimsiú i meánstór na foraoise báistí trópaicí, áit a eitlíonn siad go díreach agus go sciobtha óna fhara chun feithidí móra a ghabháil ó chrainn. <ref name=":2" /> In ainneoin a n-eitilte dírí, tá na cúcabarraí tarr-ruadhonna in ann cor agus casadh go géar timpeall na gcrann sa ghnáthóg is acu. Is eol dúinn go seilgeann siad veirteabraigh bheaga chomh maith ach ní ba mhinice ná na cúcabarraí coille agus is iomaí uaire a phlódaíonn éin níos lú timpeall orthu nuair a chreachann siad ar a gcuid uibheacha nó éan óg.<ref name=":1" /> Bíonn fireannaigh an-ionsaitheach agus iad ag cosaint a ndúiche a bhíonn méid idir 2 go 2.5 he (4.9 go 6.2 acra) ar an mheán agus is go foréigneach a throideann siad in aghaidh ionróirí. [[Íomhá:Sauromarptis_gaudichaudii_27.jpg|clé|mion| Creatlach]] === Pórú === Póraíonn an cúcabarra tarr-ruadhonn i ndumhaí teirmití cosúil lena ngaolta níos mó. Bíonn a gcuid póraithe ar siúl ó mhí Bealtaine go mí Dheireadh Fómhair ach ní minic a scaipeann na héin óga amach go dtí mí Feabhra agus ní aithnítear go ndéanann siad dara iarracht áil in aon bhliain amháin.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters, and Rollers, by Hilary Fry, Kathie Fry, and Alan Harris [Review]|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.357170|journal=The Canadian field-naturalist|date=1993|issn=0008-3550|pages=384–385|volume=107|issue=3|doi=10.5962/p.357170|author=Roy John}}</ref> Beirtear dhá ubh bána, cé nach eol fad na tréimhse goir dúinn. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Commonscat|Dacelo gaudichaud|audio=0|video=0}} {{Halcyoninae}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q942119}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] [[Catagóir:Dacelo]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1824]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na Nua-Ghuine]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas is lú imní de chuid an AICD]] nnkjx31ptaqa1dtllhitzjcafnchi3h 0 118819 1322783 1321846 2026-08-06T08:23:57Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322783 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo|sinonims=''Dacelo gigas''}} [[Íomhá:Laughing_kookaburra_plate_663_Planches_enluminées_d'histoire_naturelle.jpg|deas|mion| Pláta daite leis an eochair eolais mhícheart a d’úsáid [[Johann Hermann]] agus [[Pieter Boddaert]] araon]] [[Íomhá:Kookaburra-making-hollow-in-arboreal-termite-nest_1.jpg|mion| Cúcabarra gáiriteach ag déanamh log i gcomhair neide i nead chrannach teirmíte.]] Is éan é an '''[[cúcabarra]] gáiriteach''' ('''''Dacelo novaeguineae''''') i bhfofhine na [[Cruidín|gcruidíní]] [[Cruidín crainn|Halcyoninae]]. Is cruidín mór láidir é le ceann bán agus stríoc súile dhonn<ref name=":0" /> Tá na codanna uachtaracha dá gcoirp dúdhonn don chuid is mó ach tá scead ghealghorm bhreac ar na [[cleití ceilte]].<ref name=":4">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Morcombe, Michael|date=2003|title=Field Guide to Australian Birds|issue=3|publisher=Pascal Press, Glebe, NSW ISBN 978174021417-9}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Pizzey, Graham; Doyle, Roy.|date=1980|title=A Field Guide to the Birds of Australia|publisher=Collins Publishers, Sydney. ISBN 073222436-5}}</ref> Tá codanna íochtar a gcoirp bánbhuí agus barrtar an t-eireaball le tarr-ruadhonn agus dubh.<ref name=":0" /> Tá clúmh na n-éan fireannach agus baineannach cosúil le chéile. Is gáire faoi leith é a nglao cosantach a dhéanann cupla éan ag an am chéanna go minic agus úsáidtear é go forleathan mar [[Maisíocht fuaime stoc|mhaisíocht fuaime stoc]] i gcásanna a bhaineann le suíomh dufair.<ref name=":11">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://soundandthefoley.com/2013/05/30/that-jungle-sound/|teideal=That Jungle Sound|údar=Melissa Kaercher|dáta=2013-05-30|language=Béarla|work=The Sound and the Foley|dátarochtana=2025-04-23}}</ref> Is as [[Oirthear na hAstráile|oirthear mhórthír na hAstráile]] ó dhúchas don chúcabarra gháiriteach ach tugadh isteach in áiteanna sa [[An Nua-Shéalainn|Nua-Shéalainn]], sa [[An Tasmáin|Tasmáin]] agus san [[An Astráil Thiar|Astráil Thiar]] é fosta.<ref name=":5" /> Cuireann an t-éan seo faoi i bhforaois thirim [[Eocalaip|eocalaipe]], i gcoillearnach, i bpáirceanna cathracha agus i ngairdíní.<ref name=":5" /> Is speiceas neamhimirceach é an speiceas seo agus cuireann sé faoi sa [[dúiche]] féin agus a gcuireann sé i rith na bliana. Tá sé [[Monagamas|monagamach]] agus coimeádann sé an páirtí céanna ar feadh a shaoil . Is féidir le péire pórúcháin a bheith in éineacht le cúig shliocht fhásta neamhphórúcháin ó bhlianta roimhe sin a chabhraíonn leis na tuismitheoirí a ndúiche a chosaint agus a n-éin óga a thógáil.<ref name=":5" /> Póraíonn an cúcabarra gáiriteach i bpoill chrainn neamhlínithe nó i bpoill thochailte i neadacha [[Teirmít|teirmíte]] crannach go ginearálta.<ref name=":5" /> Trí ubh bhána is ea líon na n-uibheacha ina gcuid ál. Gorann na tuismitheoirí agus na cúntóirí na huibheacha agus beathaíonn siad na héin óga. Is minic a mharaíonn na siblíní níos sine an t-éan óg is óige den trí éan óga. Nuair atá na gearrcaigh [[faoi lán chlúimhrí|faoi lán clúimhrí]] beathaítear fós iad ar feadh sé go deich seachtaine eile sular féidir leo dul ar thóir foráiste go neamhspleách.<ref name=":6">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Fry, C. H.; Fry, Kathie; Harris, Alan|date=1999|title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters and Rollers|pages=lgh 133-136|publisher=Londain: Christopher Helm. ISBN 978-0-7136-5206-2}}</ref> Mar chreachadóir raonleathan ainmhithe beaga, seasann an cúcabarra gáiriteach ar chraobh agus fanann sé go dtí go dtéann ainmhí ar an talamh tráth a eitlíonn sé síos agus a thugann sé áladh ar a chuid chreiche.<ref name=":4" /> Bíonn laghairteanna, feithidí, péisteanna, nathracha, lucha san áireamh le haiste bia an éin agus tá de cháil acu iasc órga a bhaint amach as locháin i ngairdíní. Rangaíonn [[an tAontas Idirnáisiúnta do Chaomhnú an Dúlra]] (AICD) an cúcabarra gáiriteach mar [[speiceas is lú imní]] toisc go bhfuil raon agus daonra mór aige gan aon bhagairtí fhorleathana.<ref name=":12">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Dacelo novaeguineae|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22683189/253968941|journal=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species|date=2024-01-15|author=BirdLife International (BirdLife International)}}</ref> == Tacsanomaíocht == [[Íomhá:Laughing_Kookaburra_Sydney_2023.webm|mion| Cúcabarra gáiriteach, Audley, Sydney, 2023]] Rinne an nádúraí agus an taiscéalaí Francach Pierre Sonnerat an chéad chur síos agus léaráid den chúcabarra gháiriteach (i ndubh agus bán) ina ''Voyage à la nouvelle Guinée'', a foilsíodh in 1776.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Voyage à la Nouvelle Guinée : dans lequel on trouve la description des lieux, des observations physiques & morales, & des détails relatifs à l'histoire naturelle dans le regne animal & le regne végétal|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13719308|publisher=Chez Ruault|date=1776|location=Paris|author=Pierre Sonnerat, Pierre Sonnerat|language=Fraincis|pages=p. 170, Pláta 106}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=The Scientific Name of the Laughing Kookaburra: Dacelo Glgas (Boddaert) V. Dacelo Novaeguineae (Hermann)|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1071/MU9770035|journal=Emu - Austral Ornithology|date=1977-01-01|issn=0158-4197|pages=35–36|volume=77|issue=1|doi=10.1071/MU9770035|author=G. F. Mees}}</ref> Mhaígh sé go bhfaca sé an t-éan sa [[An Nua-Ghuine|Nua-Ghuine]]. I bhfírinne níor thug sé cuairt ar an Nua-Ghuine riamh agus ní fhaightear an cúcabarra gáiriteach inti. Is dócha go bhfuair sé eiseamal caomhnaithe ó dhuine de na nádúraithe a thaistil in éineacht leis an [[James Cook|Chaptaen James Cook]] go cósta thoir na hAstráile.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Why did Sonnerat record the Kookaburra, Dacelo gigas (Boddaert) from New Guinea?|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1071/MU956224|journal=Emu - Austral Ornithology|date=1956-08-01|issn=0158-4197|pages=224–225|volume=56|issue=3|doi=10.1071/MU956224|author=Averil Lysaght}}</ref> Chuir Edme-Louis Daubenton agus François-Nicolas Martinet pláta daite den chúcabarra gháiriteach bunaithe ar eiseamal Sonnerat isteach ina sraith ''Planches enluminées d’histoire naturelle'' (Plátaí daite ar an stair nádúrtha). Deir eochair eolais Fraincise ar an phláta úd "''Martin-pecheur, de la Nouvelle Guinée''" (Cruidín ón Nua-Ghuine), arb eol dúinn anois nach fíor é.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Daubenton, Edme-Louis; Martinet, François-Nicolas .|date=1765–1783|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35219151|title=Planches enluminées d'histoire naturelle|volume=7|pages=Pláta 663|publisher=Páras}}</ref> Rinne an nádúraí Francach Johann Hermann an chéad chur síos foirmiúil ar an speiceas in 1783 bunaithe ar an phláta dhaite le Daubenton agus Martinet. Bhaist sé an t-ainm eolaíoch ''Alcedo novæ Guineæ'' air. <ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Peters, James Lee, eag.|date=1945|title=Check-list of Birds of the World.|volume=5|issue=5|pages=lch 190|publisher=Massachusetts: Harvard University Press|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14480201}}</ref> <ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Hermann, Johann|date=1783|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39000863#page/212/mode/1up|title=Tabula affinitatum animalium olim academico specimine edita : nunc uberiore commentario illustrata cum annotationibus ad historiam naturalem animalium augendam facientibus (as Laidin)|pages=lch 192|publisher=Argentorati: Impensis Joh. Georgii Treuttel}}</ref> Thug an zó-eolaí Sasanach William Elford Leach an [[géineas]] reatha ''[[Cúcabarra|Dacelo]]'' isteach sa bhliain 1815 <ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Check-list of birds of the world|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14480201|publisher=Harvard University Press|date=1945|location=Cambridge, Massachusetts|volume=v.5 (1945)|author=Cottrell, G. William,, G. William Cottrell, James C. Greenway, Ernst Mayr, Raymond A. Paynter, James Lee Peters, Melvin A. Traylor, Harvard University|pages=p. 189}}</ref> <ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Leach, William Elford|date=1815|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28685516|title=The Zoological Miscellany; being descriptions of new, or interesting Animals|volume=2|pages=lch 125|publisher=Londain: B. McMillan for E. Nodder & Son}}</ref> agus is anagram é den fhocal Laidineach ''Alcedo'' arb é ”cruidín” a chiall. Comhcheanglaíonn an buafhocal sonrach ''novaeguineae'' an focal Laidineach ''novus'' ar 'nua' leis an fhocal ar Ghuine,<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=The Helm dictionary of scientific bird names [electronic resource] : from aalge to zusii|url=https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling|publisher=Londain: Christopher Helm. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4|date=2010|author=James A. Jobling|pages=lch 130, 275}}</ref> bunaithe ar an tuairim earráideach gurb as an Nua-Ghuine dá eiseamal.<ref name=":7" /> Creideadh ar feadh na mblianta gurbh é an nádúraí Ollannach Pieter Boddaert a rinne an cur síos ba luaithe agus is é a ainm eolaíoch ''Dacelo gigas'' a bhí in úsáid sa litríocht eolaíoch, <ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Boddaert, Pieter|date=1783|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27822660#page/62/mode/1up|title=Table des planches enluminéez d'histoire naturelle de M. D'Aubenton|pages=lch 40|publisher=Utrecht|language=Fraincis}}</ref> ach thaispeáin an t-éaneolaí Astrálach Gregory Mathews sa bhliain 1926 gur foilsíodh cur síos le Hermann níos luaithe sa bhliain chéanna, 1783, a raibh tosaíocht aige dá bharr.<ref name=":7" /><ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Correspondence|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1071/MU926148|journal=Emu - Austral Ornithology|date=1926-10-01|issn=0158-4197|pages=148–149|volume=26|issue=2|doi=10.1071/MU926148|author=Gregory M. Mathews, E. C. and Chisholm}}</ref> Níor measadh faoi 1977 go raibh an tuiscint mhíchruinn ar dháileadh geografach an éin de bharr an ainm in úsáid reatha ina ábhar tábhachtach go leor chun iallach a chur ar athrú i bhfabhar ''D. gigas''.<ref name=":7" /> Ba mhinic a nglaodh "laughing jackass" ar an speiceas seo sa Bhéarla sa 19ú haois, ainm a taifeadadh don chéad uair (mar Laughing Jack-Ass) in ''An Account of the English Colony in New South Wales'' le David Collins a foilsíodh sa bhliain 1798.<ref name=":8">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=An Account of the English Colony in New South Wales, Volume 1: With Remarks on the Dispositions, Customs, Manners, Etc. of The Native Inhabitants of That Country. to Which Are Added, Some Particulars of New Zealand; Compiled, By Permission, From The Mss. of Lieutenant-Governor King.|url=https://archive.org/details/anaccountoftheen12565gut|coauthors=Project Gutenberg|author=David Collins|publisher=Londain: T. Cadell Jr and W. Davies|pages=Aguisín 12 Language}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Gray, Jeannie; Fraser, Ian|date=2013|title=Australian Bird Names: A Complete Guide.|pages=lgh 156–158|publisher=Collingwood VIC, an Astráil: CSIRO. ISBN 978-0-64310469-3}}</ref> D'úsáid an t-éaneolaí John Gould "great brown kingfisher" nó 'cruidín donn mór' sa bhliain 1858, ainm a chum John Latham in 1782.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Gould, John (1848).|date=1848|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48200561|title=The Birds of Australia|volume=2|publisher=Londain: féin-fhoilsithe|pages=Pláta 18}}</ref><ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Latham, John|date=1782|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33727247|title=A General Synopsis of Birds|volume=1|pages=lch 609|publisher=Londain: priontáilte ar son Benj. White}}</ref> Ainm coitianta eile ab ea "laughing kingfisher" nó 'cruidín gáiriteach'.<ref name=":1" /> Bhí na hainmneacha in roinnt [[Teangacha Bundúchasacha na hAstráile|teangacha bundúchasacha na hAstráile]] liostaithe ag údair Eorpacha lena n-áirítear ''Go-gan-ne-gine'' le Collins in 1798,<ref name=":8" /> ''Cuck'anda'' le René Lesson in 1828<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Lesson, René Primeverre|date=1828|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/49447225|title=Manuel d'ornithologie, ou description des genres et des principales espèces d'oiseaux|pages=lch 93|publisher=Páras: Roret|language=Fraincis}}</ref> agus ''Gogera'' nó ''Gogobera'' le George Bennett in 1834.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Bennett, George|date=1834|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27932355|title=Wandering in New South Wales, Batavia, Pedir Coast, Singapore, and China: being the journal of a naturalist in those countries during 1832, 1833, and 1834|pages=lch 222|publisher=Londain: Richard Bentley|volume=1}}</ref> Áiríodh "kookaburra" mar ainm malartach i bhfoilseacháin éaneolaíochta i mblianta tosaigh na 20ú haoise,<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Lucas, A.H.S.; Le Souef, W.H. Dunley|date=1911|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37362467#page/256/mode/1up|title=The Birds of Australia|pages=lgh 236-237|publisher=Londain: Whitcombe agus Tombs}}</ref><ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Leach, John Albert|date=1912|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48031268#page/113/mode/1up|title=An Australian bird book: a pocket book for field use (2nd ed.).|issue=2|pages=lch 105|publisher=Melbourne: Whitcombe & Tombs}}</ref> ach ní go dtí 1926 gur ghlac Aontas Éaneolaithe Ríoga na hAstraláise go hoifigiúil leis an ainm "laughing kookaburra" sa dara heagrán de ''Seicliosta Oifigiúil Éanlaith na hAstráile''.<ref name=":1" /> Is as an Wiradjuri don ainm, [[Teangacha Bundúchasacha na hAstráile|teanga bhundúchasach]] atá i mbaol.<ref name=":1" /> Tá ceithre speiceas chúcabarra sa ghéineas ''Dacelo'' dá bhfuil an [[cúcabarra tarr-ruadhonn]], an [[cúcabarra sluasaidghobach]] agus an [[cúcabarra breac]] srianta don Nua-Ghuine agus d'oileáin Chaolas Torres . Tá an [[cúcabarra gormeiteach]] agus an cúcabarra gáiriteach le fáil go forleathan san Astráil.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Kingfishers (Alcedinidae), version 1.0|url=https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/alcedi1/1.0/introduction|journal=Birds of the World|date=2020|issn=2771-3105|doi=10.2173/bow.alcedi1.01|language=Béarla|author=David W. Winkler, Shawn M. Billerman, Irby J. Lovette|publisher=Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NE, SAM|coauthors=S. M. Billerman, B. K. Keeney, P. G. Rodewald, and T. S. Schulenberg, eag.}}</ref> Aithnítear dhá [[Fospeiceas|fhospeiceas]]:<ref name="ioc">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eag.|date=2016|url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/rollers/|title=Rollers, ground rollers & kingfishers|journal=World Bird List Version 6.3|publisher=International Ornithologists' Union}}</ref> * ''D. n. novaeguineae'' (Hermann, 1783) – an [[fospeiceas ainmniúcháin]], oirthear na hAstráile, [[an Tasmáin]] agus tugadh isteach in iardheisceart na hAstráile é * ''D. n. mion'' Robinson, 1900 – [[Leithinis Rinn York|Leithinis Rinn Eabhrac]] ó dheas go Baile an Chócaigh<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Robinson, Herbert Christopher|date=1900|title=Contributions to the zoology of north Queensland|journal=Bulletin of the Liverpool Museums|volume=2|issue=3 agus 4|pages=lch 116|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12801366}}</ref><ref name=":6" /> == Cur síos == [[Íomhá:Laughing_kookaburra444.jpg|deas|mion| Mionghné mór ghob agus cinn]] Is é an cúcabarra gáiriteach an speiceas cruidín is mó agus é níos mó ó thaobh na corpmhaise de ná an cruidín ollmhór fiú.<ref name=":6" /><ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Dunning, John B. Jr., eag.|date=2008|title=CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses|issue=2|publisher=CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-6444-5}}</ref> Is éan láidir téagartha é idir 41–47 cm (16–19 or) i bhfad, le ceann mór, súile donna feiceálacha, agus gob fada láidir.<ref name=":0" /> Tá an dá ghnéas an-chosúil le chéile, cé gur mó an baineannach de ghnáth agus gur lú goirme atá ar a cromán ná mar atá ar chromán an fhireannaigh. Tá meáchan an fhireannaigh idir 196–450 g (6.9–15.9 unsa), 307 g (10.8 unsa) go meánach agus tá meáchan an bhaineannaigh idir 190–465 g (6.7–16.4 unsa), 352 g (12.4 unsa) go meánach.<ref name=":3">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Woodall, P. F.|date=2020|title=Laughing Kookaburra (Dacelo novaeguineae), version 1.0.|volume=Birds of the World|publisher=Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NE, SAM.|coauthors=J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, agus E. de Juana, eag.|doi=10.2173/bow.laukoo1.01}}</ref> Tá corp bán nó bánbhuí orthu agus ceann le stríoc dhúdhonn orthu a théann trasna an dá shúile ach atá níos doiléire thar barr an chinn. Tá na sciatháin agus an droim donn agus tá spotaí spéirghorma ar na guaillí. Tá an t-eireaball cróchdhearg ruabhallach le bandaí dúdhonna agus barraí bána ar na cleití. Tá an gob trom dubh ar a bharr agus tá dath cnámha ar a bhun. Tá clúmh an fhospeicis ''D. n. minor'' cosúil le clúmh an fhospeicis ainmnithe ach tá sé níos lú ó thaobh méide de.<ref name=":6" /> Is féidir idirdhealú a dhéanamh idir an cúcabarra gáiriteach agus an cúcabarra gormeiteach atá ar chomhmhéid leis trína shúile dorcha, a stríoc súile dhorcha, a ghob níos giorra agus na limistéir ghorma atá níos lú agus níos dlúithe ar an sciathán agus ar an gheadán.<ref name=":6" /> Tá difríocht idir chúcabarraí gormeiteacha fireannacha chomh maith toisc go bhfuil eireaball le bandaí gorma agus dubha orthu.<ref name=":6" /> [[Íomhá:Laughing_Kookaburra_1_JCB.jpg|deas|mion| Sa Pháirc Náisiúnta Ríoga, NSW]] === Glao === Déanann ainm an "chúcabarra gháiritigh" tagairt dá "gháire" a úsáidtear chun dúichí a bhunú i measc grúpaí teaghlaigh. Is féidir é a chloisteáil ag aon am den lá, ach is minice a chloiste ag breacadh an lae agus sa chlapsholas.<ref name=":6" /> Tá sirincs thraicéabhroinceach ag an speiceas seo a chruthaíonn dhá fhoinse tonnchreatha ionas gur féidir leis dhá mhinicíocht a tháirgeadh ag an am chéanna le harmónaigh iolracha.<ref name=":5">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Higgins, Peter J., eag|date=1999|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handbook_of_Australian,_New_Zealand_and_Antarctic_Birds|title=Dacelo novaeguineae Laughing Kookaburra|volume=Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds. Imleabhar 4|issue=Parrots to dollarbird|pages=lgh 1121-1138|publisher=Melbourne: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-553071-1}}</ref> Déantar glao an chúcabarra gháiritigh trí chóras casta táirgeachta fuaime, trí aer a bhrú isteach sna feadáin bhroinceacha ó na scamhóga.<ref name=":5" /> Cé go bhfuil an struchtúr táirgeachta glaonna i láthair ó aois an-óg, is iompar foghlamtha é amhrán an chúcabarra.<ref name=":2">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Baker|first=Myron C.|date=Eanáir 2004|title=The Chorus Song of Cooperatively Breeding Laughing Kookaburras (Coraciiformes, Halcyonidae: ''Dacelo novaeguineae''): Characterization and Comparison Among Groups|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0310.2003.00941.x|journal=Ethology|volume=110|issue=1|pages=21–35|doi=10.1046/j.1439-0310.2003.00941.x|language=Béarla}}</ref> Múineann an péire pórúcháin laistigh de ghrúpa chúcabarra an glao gáiriteach inaitheanta do na héin óga tar éis dóibh an nead a fhágáil.<ref name=":2" /> Canfaidh an fireannach cuid ghairid den ghlao a dhéanfaidh na hóga aithris air, iarracht a mbíonn gan rath de ghnáth.<ref name=":2" /> Maireann na ceachtanna amhránaíochta coicís sula mbíonn an gearrcach in ann canadh i gceart agus páirt a ghlacadh in amhráin chórúla [[Clapsholas|clapsholais]].<ref name=":2" /> Nuair a bhíonn máistreacht acu, is féidir leis an aos óg páirt a ghlacadh i gcrón amhráin chlapsholais a chabhraíonn le bunú na ndúichí.<ref name=":2" /> Tosaíonn éan amháin le gáire snagach íseal sula gcaitear a cheann ar ais le grágaíl gháiriteach: is minic a ghlacann cúpla éan eile páirt ann.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":3" /> Má tá níos mó ná treibh amháin atá in iomaíocht le chéile laistigh dá raon éisteachta, baileoidh an teaghlach ar fad go luath chun an díthreabh a líonadh le gáire óna gcroíthe.<ref name=":0" /> Tá cúig eilimint athraitheacha sa chéiliúr gháiriteach seo: 1. "Cúa"; 2. "Grágaíl gháire"; 3. "Roll-áil", "ú-ú-ú" ar a ndéantar aithris arís agus arís eile go tapa; 4. "Ha-ha" ard a leantar le; 5. glao "Gó-gó" an fhireannaigh nó glao "sclogálach" an bhaineannaigh.<ref name=":3" /> Má fhaightear an deis éisteacht le cúcabarraí in ard a nglórtha, tá sé ar cheann de na heispéiris is neamhghnáiche i nDíthreabh na hAstráile, rud nach féidir fiú muintir na háite neamhaird a dhéanamh air; b'fhéidir go mbainfí geit as aon chuairteoir a chloisfeadh a gceiliúr mura gcuirfí fainic orthu roimh ré. Aithrisítear na glaonna seo chun céile a mhealladh/a chosaint, chun an t-ordlathas sóisialta a bhunú agus a chothabháil, agus chun críoch a fhógairt agus a chosaint, mar is minic a gceaptar a nglaonna a bheith comhghaolmhar le hionsaitheacht.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Helpers Have Little to Laugh About: Group Structure and Vocalisation in the Laughing Kookaburra Dacelo novaeguineae|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1071/MU9880150|journal=Emu - Austral Ornithology|date=1988-09-01|issn=0158-4197|pages=150–160|volume=88|issue=3|doi=10.1071/MU9880150|author=Heinz-Ulrich Reyer, Dieter and Schmidl}}</ref> Úsáidtear glaonna lena thaispeáint dá gcomharsan/ngaolta go bhfuil grúpaí fós ag cur fúthu i gcríoch.<ref name=":2"/> Léiríonn na glaonna seo dá n-éisteoirí go bhfuil caighdeán agus sláinte níos fearr ag grúpaí dea-chomhordaithe fosta.<ref name=":9">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=A review of hypotheses for the functions of avian duetting|url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00265-003-0741-x|journal=Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology|date=2004-03-01|issn=1432-0762|pages=415–430|volume=55|issue=5|doi=10.1007/s00265-003-0741-x|language=Béarla|author=Michelle L. Hall}}</ref> Méadaíonn cumarsáid fhuaimiúil idir cúcabarraí gáiriteacha 2-3 mhí roimh shéasúr an phóraithe, ó Mheán Fómhair go hEanáir, faoi mar a mhéadaíonn ionsaitheacht na bhfireannach chomh maith.<ref name=":5" /> Teastaíonn leibhéil níos airde comhoibrithe laistigh den ghrúpa ón ghlao phéire.<ref name=":5" /> Tá hipitéis ann go neartaíonn comhordú na nglaonna i measc cúcabarraí an phríomhdháimh péire fadtéarmach agus is féidir gur éabhólóidigh sé mar mheicníocht chun dáimh an ghrúpa a dhaingniú toisc go bhfuil sé costasach ó thaobh fuinnimhe de ceiliúir nua a fhoghlaim.<ref name=":9" /> Léiríonn grúpaí comharsanachta céimeanna comhoibrithe chomh maith ós rud é go seachadtar ceiliúir chórúla idir comharsana gan aon fhorluí, ag malartú idir na grúpaí.<ref name=":2"/> ==== Cineálacha eile cumarsáide fuaimiúla ==== Is cineál cumarsáide fuaimiúla eile í grágaíl in ''D. novaeguineae'' a úsáidtear i raon comhthéacsanna éagsúla.<ref name=":3" /> Tá sé tugtha faoi deara go ngrágaíonn cúcabarraí gáiriteacha nuair a bhíonn siad ag neadú, ag taispeáint iompair ghéilliúil, agus nuair a bhíonn gearrcaigh ag feitheamh lena mbeathú.<ref name=":3" /> Tá stór níos mó glaonna ag cúcaburraí gáiriteacha ná mar atá ag speicis chúcabarraí eile cosúil leis an chúcaburra ghormeiteach ( ''Dacelo leachii'' ) a tháirgeann dhá chineál glao simplí: “tafann” agus “snag”.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Kookaburra: King of the Bush|url=https://ebooks.publish.csiro.au/content/kookaburra|publisher=Clayton Theas, VIC, an Astráil: CSIRO Publishing|date=2004|doi=10.1071/9780643091375|language=Béarla|author=Sarah Legge}}</ref> Aibhsítear an raon mór glaonna seo trí dhúnadh, iontonú agus modhnuithe minicíochta a cheadaíonn do na cúcabarraí faisnéis níos mionsonraithe a chur in iúl.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=21. Using Interactive Playback to Study How Songs and Singing Contribute to Communication about Behavior|url=https://www.degruyterbrill.com:443/document/doi/10.7591/9781501736957-030/html|publisher=Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-1-5017-3695-7|journal=Ecology and Evolution of Acoustic Communication in Birds|date=2019-05-15|pages=377–397|doi=10.7591/9781501736957-030|language=Béarla|author=W. John Smith|coauthors=Kroodsma, Donald E; Miller, Edward H, eag.}}</ref> == Dáileadh agus gnáthóg == Is de bhunadh oirthear na hAstráile é an cúcabarra gáiriteach a bhfuil raon aige a shíneann ó [[Leithinis Rinn York|Leithinis Rinn Eabhrac]] sa tuaisceart go [[Rinn Otway]] sa deisceart. Tá sé le fáil ar an taobh thoir agus ar an taobh thiar den [[Deighiltraon Mór|Raon Mór Roinnte]]. Síneann an raon sa deisceart siar ó [[Victoria (An Astráil)|Victoria]] go dtí [[Leithinis Yorke]] agus na [[Raonta Flinders]] san [[An Astráil Theas|Astráil Theas]].<ref name=":10">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Handbook of Australian, New Zealand & Antarctic birds|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-553071-1|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=1999|location=Melbourne|author=Peter Higgins|issue=4|language=Béarla|pages=lgh. 1124-1125}}</ref> [[Íomhá:Distribution laughing kookaburra.jpg|alt=Dúghlas: dúchasach Bánghlas: tugadh isteach|mion|Léarscáil dáilte an chúcabarra gháiritigh (''Dacelo novaeguineae'') laistigh den Astráil agus den Tasmáin. {| class="wikitable" !Dúghlas !Bánghlas |- |dúchasach |tugadh isteach |} ]] Tugadh isteach in go leor áiteanna eile é agus is dóichí gur mar gheall ar a cháil maraithe nathracha a tharla sé seo. Chuir parlaimint Iarthar na hAstráile an ‘Laughing Jackass’ san áireamh i sceideal d’éin dhúchasacha dhochtchaomhnaithe na hAstráile sa "Game Bill" nó 'Bille Géime' i mí na Nollag 1891, a d’aistrigh [[Horatio William Sholl|Horace Sholl]], ar bhall don Cheantar Thuaidh é. Rinne sé cur síos air mar éan dúchasach an Iarthuaiscirt. <ref>''The Daily News'', Perth, 22 Nollaig 1891, lch 3, Legislative Assembly</ref> Is é is dóichí, áfach, gur tagairt é a ainmniúchán don chúcabarra ghormeiteach (''Dacelo leachii''), seachas don chúcabarra gháiriteach (''Dacelo novaeguineae'') a fhaightear ann. Thug "''The Game Act, 1892''" nó '''an tAcht Géime, 1892''<nowiki/>' (Iarthar na hAstráile), "Acht chun socrú a dhéanamh maidir le héin agus ainmhithe iompórtáilte, agus géim dhúchasach a chaomhnú," deis dearbhaithe go gcosaítear na héin agus na hainmhithe dúchasacha Astrálacha fógartha a liostaíodh sa Chéad Sceideal den Acht ar shealgaireacht. Bhí an "Laughing Jackass" ar cheann den 23 speiceas éan dúchasach Astrálach a ainmníodh sa sceideal.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.legislation.wa.gov.au/legislation/statutes.nsf/law_a3112.html|teideal=WALW - Game Act 1892 - Home Page|work=www.legislation.wa.gov.au|dátarochtana=2025-04-23}}</ref> Scaoileadh cúcabarraí gáiriteacha amach ó Stáit an Oirithir chun an Iardheiscirt chomh luath le 1883<ref>{{Cite book-en|author=Sellick|first=Douglas|title=First impressions : Albany 1791-1901 :travellers' tales|isbn=0730983668|pages=151-2}}</ref> agus sonraíodh éin idir Perth agus Fremantle agus i Mullewa fosta thart ar 1896.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Clee Francis Howard Jenkins|first=C.F .H.|date=1959|title=Introduced Birds in Western Australia|journal=Emu|volume=59|pages=201-207|url=https://doi.org/10.1071/MU959201}}</ref> D'allmhairigh agus scaoil an Cumann Clíomaithe (nó an coiste um Chlíomú Ainmhithe agus Éan WA) na céadta éan idir 1897 agus 1912.<ref>{{Cite book-en|author=John L. Long|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/27566719|title=Introduced birds and mammals in Western Australia|date=1974|publisher=Agriculture Protection Board of Western Australia|isbn=0-7244-5758-5|pages=3|oclc=27566719}}</ref> Ba é Ernest Le Souef arbh é Rúnaí an Chumainn Chlíomaithe agus Stiúrthóir ar Ghairdíní Zó-eolaíochta Perth é agus ar thacaí díograiseach an chúcabarra é ba chúis leis go príomha mar d'admhaigh sé gur scaoil sé na céadta ón Zú, lena n-áirítear 50 i 1900 ar iarratas Ríoga ón Diúc Eabhrac a bhí ar cuairt. Bhí daonraí póraithe bunaithe i roinnt ceantar faoin bhliain 1912. Tá an raon reatha in Iarthar na hAstráile siar ó dheas ó líne a cheanglaíonn [[Geraldton]] ar an chósta thiar agus Hopetoun ar an chósta theas.<ref name=":5" /> Tugadh an cúcabarra gáiriteach isteach i roinnt áiteanna sa [[An Tasmáin|Tasmáin]] ón bhliain 1906 ar aghaidh. Faightear go príomha anois é soir ó thuaidh ó líne a cheanglaíonn Huonville, Loch Rowallan, Waratah agus Marrawah.<ref name=":5" /> Tugadh isteach ar Oileán Flinders é timpeall 1940, áit a bhfuil sé le fáil go forleathan anois, agus ar Oileán Changarú i 1926.<ref name=":5" /> Shocraigh George Gray go scaoilfí cúcabarraí gáiriteacha ar Oileán Kawau le linn a dhara téarma mar ghobharnóir ar an Nua-Shéalainn sna 1860idí. Tá an t-oileán suite i Murascaill Hauraki, thart ar 40 ciliméadar (25 míle) ó thuaidh ó [[Tāmaki Makaurau|Auckland]] ar [[Oileán Thuaidh]] na Nua-Shéalainne. Ceapadh nár éirigh leis an tabhairt isteach ach thángthas ar roinnt éan i 1916 ar an mhórthír in aice láimhe.<ref name=":10" /><ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=The naturalisation of animals & plants in New Zealand|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/21725433|publisher=Cambridge University Press|date=1922|author=George Malcolm Thomson|language=Béarla|pages=lgh. 137-138|location=Cambridge}}</ref> Póraíonn sé anois i réigiún beag ar an taobh thiar de Mhurascaill Hauraki idir Leigh agus Kumeū.<ref name=":10" /> Is iad foraois scléirifill oscailte agus coillearnaí gnáthóga gnácha an éin seo. Tá sé níos coitianta san áit a bhfuil an fhothóg oscailte agus gann nó áit a bhfuil an talamh clúdaithe le féar. Teastaíonn poill chrainn uathu dá gcuid neadacha. Tá sé le fáil freisin in aice le portaigh agus i limistéir atá glanta go páirteach nó talamh feirme le crainn feadh bóithre agus sconsaí. Tá sé le fáil i bpáirceanna agus i ngairdíní i gceantair uirbeacha.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Handbook of Australian, New Zealand & Antarctic birds|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-553071-1|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=1990|location=Melbourne|language=Béarla|pages=1123|author=Peter Higgins|issue=4}}</ref> Forluíonn raon an chúcabarra gháiritigh le raon an chúcabarra ghormeitigh i limistéar in oirthear [[Tír na Banríona|Thír na Banríona]] a shíneann ó Leithinis Rinn Eabhrac ó dheas go ceantair mháguaird [[Brisbane]]. Is minic gurb fhearr leis an chúcabarra gháiriteach ceantair cois uisce timpeall Bhaile an Chócaigh agus go bhanann an cúcabarra gormeiteach in gnáthóga atá níos tirime.<ref name=":6" /> Tá eiseamláir amháin den chúcabarra gháiriteach ag cur faoi go fiáin i [[Suffolk]] sa [[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|Ríocht Aontaithe]] ó 2015 ar a laghad agus chonacthas arís in 2024 é.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-england-suffolk-68345409|teideal=Kookaburra spotted living in Suffolk countryside|údar=Stuart Howells|language=Béarla|work=BBC News|dátarochtana=2025-04-23}}</ref> Taifeadadh radharcanna breise de chúcabarraí gáiriteacha in [[Albain]], <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://au.news.yahoo.com/kookaburras-spotted-in-wilds-of-scotland-by-excited-adventurer-theyre-wicked-035433553.html|title=Kookaburras spotted in wilds of Scotland by excited adventurer: 'They're wicked'|author=Michael Dahlstrom|date=2024-04-12|language=Béarla|work=Yahoo News|access-date=2024-07-01}}</ref> ag cur le fios go bhféadfadh go bhfuil eiseamláir den speiceas seo á scaoileadh d'aon ghnó nó trí thimpiste. == Iompar == [[Íomhá:Kookaburra-003.jpg|deas|mion| Cúcabarra le [[geiceo]] gafa ina ghob]] Cuireann cúcabarraí fúthu i ngrúpaí teaghlaigh scaoilte i ndúichí coillearnaí (foraoisí san áireamh) agus tá an cuspóir céanna ag a gcuid gáire agus atá ag go leor glaonna éan eile - chun teorainneacha a gcuid dúichí a mharcáil. Is gnách d'formhór na speiceas cúcabarra cur fúthu in aonaid teaghlaigh agus cuidíonn na héin óga leis na tuismitheoirí fiach agus aire a thabhairt don chéad ál eile. === Pórú === [[Íomhá:Laughing_Kookaburra_Juvenile.jpg|mion| Gearrcach i [[Sydney]]: Tá goba níos giorra ag gearrcaigh le híochtar dorcha agus bán láidir ar a sciathán agus a chleití fallainge]] Is cosúil go mbíonn iompar atá cosúil leis an [[éan sprochailleach]] ar bun ag an chúcabarra gháiriteach le linn séasúr na cúplála. Cuireann an baineannach seasamh déircíneachta uirthi agus glaonn sí ar nós éin óig. Ofrálann an fireannach a ghabháil reatha di ansin le fuaim "ú ú ú". Deir roinnt breathnóirí, áfach, go dtarlaíonn a mhalairt – téann an baineannach chuig an fhireannach lena ghabháil reatha agus tairgeann sí dó é. Is féidir go gcuirfear tús le tógáil neadacha i mí Lúnasa agus bíonn buaicphointe breithe uibheacha ann ó Mheán Fómhair go Samhain.<ref name=":5" /> Má theipeann ar an chéad ál, leanfaidh siad ag pórú go dtí míonna an tsamhraidh.<ref name=":5" /> Beireann an baineannach ál de thrí ubh leath-snasta bána cruinne go ginearálta arb í 36 mm × 45 mm (1.4 or × 1.8 or) a méid agus eatramh atá thart ar dhá lá eatarthu.<ref name=":4" /> Gorann na tuismitheoirí agus na cúntóirí na huibheacha ar feadh 24 go 26 lá.<ref name=":5" /> Tá goróga altramach agus scolamánach agus iad faoi lán clúimhrí faoi lá 32-40.<ref name=":5" /> Mura bhfuil an soláthar bia leordhóthanach, beidh an tríú hubh níos lú agus beidh an tríú éan óg níos lú fosta agus é faoi mhíbhuntáiste i gcomparáid lena siblíní níos mó. Bíonn crúca ag éin óga ar an mhandabal uachtarach, rud a imíonn faoin am a mbíonn siad faoi lán clúimhrí. Mura bhfuil an soláthar bia do na héin óga leordhóthanach, beidh achrann ann ina mbeidh crúca na n-éan óg mar arm acu. D'fhéadfadh sé go maródh na héin óga móra an t-éan óg is lú fiú.<ref name=":5" /> Má tá a ndóthain bia acu, caitheann na tuismitheoirí níos mó ama ag goir na n-éan óg, rud a fhágann nach mbíonn siad in ann troid. === Beathú === [[Íomhá:Dacelo_novaeguineae_catching_a_worm.ogv|mion| Péist á ghabháil, Oileán Bruny, an Tasmáin, an Astráil]] Seilgeann cúcabarraí mar a dhéanann cruidíní eile (agus spideoga Astraláiseach chomh maith) é; suíonn siad ar chraobh nó ar shreang áisiúil agus fanann siad go foighneach go dtéann creach thar a mbráid. Itheann siad réimse leathan creach go coitianta idir lucha agus [[Mamach|mamaigh]] bheaga den mhéid chéanna, éagsúlacht mhór [[Inveirteabrach|inveirteabraigh]] (cosúil le feithidí, péisteanna talún agus seilidí), crústaigh dhúchasacha Astrálacha, éisc bheaga, [[Laghairt|laghairteanna]], froganna, éin bheaga agus éin óga sa nead agus a gcreach is cáiliúla, [[Nathair|nathracha]].<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":3" /> Is fearr leo creacha beaga, ach uaireanta seilgeann cúcabarraí créatúir mhóra, lena n-áirítear nathracha nimhe atá i bhfad níos faide ná a gcoirp féin.<ref name=":5" /> Agus iad ag beathú a n-óg, déanfaidh cúcabarraí gáiriteacha “Glaonna Chuck”, ar glaonna doimhne scrunch iad atá an-difriúil ar fad óna n-amhráin chórúla laethúla.<ref name=":3" /> === Taispeántais amhairc === Chun tuilleadh feabhais a chur ar iompar cosantach, glacfaidh cúcabarraí páirt i ndá chineál taispeántais ón aer: traipéis agus eitiltí ciorclacha.<ref name=":13">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Review of Handbook of Australian, New Zealand & Antarctic Birds. Volume 3: Snipe to Pigeons|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1521625?origin=crossref|journal=Colonial Waterbirds|date=1997|issn=0738-6028|pages=631–631|volume=20|issue=3|doi=10.2307/1521625|author=ICTN, Peter J. Higgins, Stephen J. J. F. Davies}}</ref> Feileann ainm na n-eitiltí traipéise go maith don ghluaiseacht de ráib a dhéanann cúcabarraí in aice láimhe eadarbhuas i dtreo a chéile agus iad ag cosaint a gcríche.<ref name=":13" /> Le linn eitiltí traipéise, seasfaidh éan amháin ó gach grúpa ar chraobhacha ar teorainn a gcríche agus eitleoidh siad anonn agus anall idir crainn laistigh dá raon baile seanbhunaithe agus crainn ar teorainn chríoch na gcúcabarraí atá in aice láimhe.<ref name=":13" /> Chonacthas go maireann na taispeántais seo suas le leathuair an chloig agus go mbíonn glaonna ón seoltóir agus ó bhaill ghrúpa an éin sin ag gabháil leo de ghnáth.<ref name=":13" /> Cuirtear tús le heitiltí ciorclacha nuair a eitlíonn éan amháin timpeall chríoch ghrúpa éan eile trí eitilt thar an limistéar agus ionradh tapa a dhéanamh ar an gcríoch úd ina dhiaidh.<ref name=":13" /> Chomh luath agus a bheidh sé laistigh den chríoch in aice láimhe, beidh an t-éan amháin sin ag eitilt i gciorcail timpeall na gcúcabarraí eile a bhfuil cónaí orthu sa cheantar, rud a leanfaidh gnáthghlao gáiriteach nó grágaíl é ag brath ar stádas an ghrúpa ann.<ref name=":13" /> Tá taispeántais eitilte úsáideach chun cumarsáid a dhéanamh thar achair fhada, ach is féidir le cineálacha eile comharthaí amhairc a bheith éifeachtach le haghaidh cumarsáide gearr-raoin. Is féidir leo comharthaí amhairc gearr-raoin a úsáid chun iompar bagrach a chur in iúl nó chun bagairtí atá ag teacht isteach a léiriú lena n-ealta.<ref name=":13" /> Úsáidtear gothaí troda mar rabhadh sula n-ionsaítear ar comhartha é a fhaigheann cúcabarraí eachtracha go coitianta agus iad ag cúngú ar chríoch ghrúpaí eile. <ref name=":14">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=The Auxiliary Social System in Kookaburras: A Reappraisal of Its Adaptive Significance|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1071/MU974195b|journal=Emu - Austral Ornithology|date=1974-07-01|issn=0158-4197|pages=196–198|volume=74|issue=3|doi=10.1071/MU974195b|author=S. R. Morton, G. D. and Parry}}</ref> Spréifidh cúcabarraí gáiriteacha a sciatháin amach agus brúfaidh siad a gceann chun cinn agus iad ag croitheadh a gcuid cleití eireabaill chun ceannasacht a thaispeáint agus iad féin a chosaint ar ionróirí.<ref name=":14" /> Ruaigfear na héin gan iarraidh tar éis na ngothaí troda sula n-ionsófar iad.<ref name=":5" /> Úsáidtear taispeántais amhairc freisin chun forairdeall agus láithreacht bagairtí a chur in iúl trí ghotha airdeallach.<ref name=":5" /> Osclóidh ''D. novaeguineae'' a ghob, cuirfidh sé colg ar na cleití timpeall ar a chaipín, agus tiontóidh sé a cheann i dtreo na bagairte.<ref name=":5" /> Ag brath ar phráinn na bagairte, d’fhéadfadh glaonna gáiriteacha arda leanúint ar ghothaí rabhaidh chun rabhadh a thabhairt do bhaill eile na healta.<ref name=":5" /> == Caidreamh le daoine == [[Íomhá:Laughing_kookaburra_snatch.jpg|alt=Image of a laughing kookaburra holding a sausage in its mouth.|mion| Cúcabarra gáiriteach le feiceáil ag ithe ispíne a sciob sé ó bheárbaiciú.]] Is radharc coitianta é an cúcabarra gáiriteach i ngairdíní bruachbhailteacha agus i suíomhanna uirbeacha, fiú i limistéir fhoirgnithe agus tá siad chomh múinte go n-íosfaidh siad as lámha duine agus go ligfear do dhaoine a gcuid bolg a chuimilt go minic. Níl sé neamhchoitianta go sciobfar bia as lámha daoine gan rabhadh, trí theacht anuas de ráib. Is minic a bheathaíonn daoine le píosaí feola amha iad. Is minic fosta go gcoinnítear cúcabrraí gáiriteacha i [[Zú|zúnna]]. Is ábhar amhráin leanaí Astrálach é an cúcabarra a bhfuil an-tóir air chomh maith darb ainm “Kookaburra” a chum Marion Sinclair in 1934.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Howell, P. A.|date=2012|title=Sinclair, Marion (1896–1988)|volume=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|issn=1833-7538|accessdate=8ú Deireadh Fómhair 2016|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/sinclair-marion-15924}}</ref> Tá taifeadtaí den éan seo curtha le scannáin Hollywood le cúpla deich mbliana, i suíomhanna dufair de ghnáth, ó shraith Tarzan sna 1930idí go leithéidí ''The Lost World: Jurassic Park'' (1997) níos déanaí fós.<ref name=":11" /> == Stádas caomhnaithe == Athraíonn dlús daonra an chúcabarra gháiritigh san Astráil idir 0.04 agus 0.8 éan/ha ag brath ar an ghnáthóg. Má ghlactar le meán de 0.3 éan/ha, d'fhéadfadh an daonra iomlán a bheith chomh mór le 65 milliún éan.<ref name=":6" /> Mar sin féin, is féidir gur rómheastachán ollmhór é seo ós rud é go bhfuil an chuma ar an scéal go bhfuil laghdú suntasach ag teacht ar dhaonra an chúcabarra gháiritigh agus Birdata ag taispeáint titim 50% ar líon na radharcanna idir na blianta 2000 go 2019 agus laghdú ar an ráta tuairiscithe ó 25% go 15% thar an tréimhse chéanna.<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://birdata.birdlife.org.au/explore#map=-35.1044048_144.4568962_5&species_id=322|title=Explore Birdata map: Laughing kookaburra|author=BirdLife Australia|year=2020|access-date=2020-06-17}}</ref> Tá daonra na Nua-Shéalainne sách beag agus is dócha go bhfuil níos lú ná 500 éan ann. <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://nzbirdsonline.org.nz/species/laughing-kookaburra|title=Laughing kookaburra|author=B. Michaux|year=2013|editor=C.M. Miskelly, eag.|publisher=New Zealand Birds Online|access-date=4 Deireadh Fómhair 2016}}</ref> Mar gheall ar an raon sínte agus an daonra mór seasmhach, measann an [[An tAontas Idirnáisiúnta do Chaomhnú an Dúlra|tAontas Idirnáisiúnta um Chaomhnú an Dúlra]] gur “[[speiceas is lú imní]]” é.<ref name=":12" /> == Léitheoireachta bhreise == * {{Cite book-en|author=Legge|first=Sarah|year=2004|title=Kookaburra: King of the Bush|publisher=CSIRO Publishing|location=Collingwood Vic, Australia|isbn=978-0-643-09063-7}} * {{Cite book-en|author=Parry|first=Veronica A.|year=1970|title=Kookaburras|location=Melbourne|publisher=Lansdowne Press|isbn=978-0-7018-0290-5}} == Naisc sheachtracha == * [http://www.xeno-canto.org/species/Dacelo-novaeguineae Xeno-canto: taifeadtaí fuaime den chúcabrra gháiriteach] * [https://ebird.org/species/laukoo1/ Grianghraif, fuaim agus físeán den chúcabarra gháiriteach] ó Leabharlann Mhic Amhlaoibh Cornell Lab of Ornithology * [http://www.graemechapman.com.au/library/sounds.php?c=312&p=347 Taifeadtaí de chúcabarra gáiriteach] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250505222604/http://www.graemechapman.com.au/library/sounds.php?c=312&p=347 |date=2025-05-05 }} ó leabharlann fuaime Graeme Chapman == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Halcyoninae}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q824974}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] [[Catagóir:Dacelo]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1783]] [[Catagóir:Éin na hAstráile Theas]] [[Catagóir:Éin na Tasmáine]] [[Catagóir:Éin Queensland]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na hAstráile]] [[Catagóir:Ailt a bhfuil físeáin iontu]] [[Catagóir:Éin Victoria (An Astráil)]] [[Catagóir:Tacsain ainmnithe ag Johann Hermann]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas is lú imní de chuid an AICD]] 9ns841p0kws2syb118osv7eyxpxb38s 0 118912 1322785 1322692 2026-08-06T08:24:17Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322785 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is speiceas mór [[Cruidín|cruidíní]] ó thuaisceart na [[An Astráil|hAstráile]] agus ó dheisceart na [[An Nua-Ghuine|Nua-Ghuine]] ó dhúchas é an '''[[cúcabarra]] gormeiteach''' ('''''Dacelo leachii'''''). Tá sé beagáinín níos lú ná an [[cúcabarra gáiriteach]] atá níos coitianta agus é thart ar 40 cm i bhfad. Tá codanna uachtair agus agus íochtair an éin seo bánbhuí agus barrtar le baill dhonna iad. Tá sciatháin ghorma, guaillí donna, agus geadán gorm air. Tá sé [[Démhorfacht gnéasanna|démhorfach ó thaobh a ngnéasanna de]], le heireaball gorm ar an fhireannach, agus eireaball [[ruadhonn]] le barraí dubha ar an bhaineannach. ==Tacsanomaíocht== Bailíodh an chéad eiseamláir den chúcabarra ghormeiteach le Sir Joseph Banks sa bhliain 1770 ach chuir an t-éan mearbhall ar dhaoine agus ceapadh ar dtús gur cineál cúcabarra gáiriteach a bhí ann sula ndearnadh an chéad chur síos oifigiúil air le [[Nicholas Aylward Vigors]] agus [[Thomas Horsfield]] sa bhliain 1826; ceiliúrann a ainm speicis an zó-eolaí [[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|Briotanach]] [[William Elford Leach]].<ref>Legge, lgh. 16-17</ref> Tá sé ar cheann den chúig bhall den ghéineas ''[[Dacelo]]'' ar a mbaistear an t-ainm cúcabarra go coitianta. Is iad an t-asal béiceach nó uaillfairteach nó cúcabarra Leach ainmneacha coitianta eile ar an éan seo.<ref name=":0">{{Lua idirlín|url=http://birdsinbackyards.net/bird/280|teideal=Birds in Backyards - Blue-winged Kookaburra (Dacelo leachii) Fact sheet|údar=Birds in Backyards|language=en-AU|work=birdsinbackyards.net|dátarochtana=2025-11-21}}</ref> Níl líon na bhfospeiceas atá ann soiléir go leor ach dearbhaíonn formhór na n-údarás gurb ann do cheithre cinn cé go measann údaráis eile go n-athraíonn an trí fhospeiceas Astrálach de réir a chéile agus gur cheart caitheamh leo mar speiceas amháin.<ref name=":1">Legge, lch. 22</ref> * ''D. l. leachii'' is ea an speiceas ainmneach a fhaightear ó [[Brisbane|Bhrisbane]] go [[Broome]]. * ''D. l. cervina'' a fhaightear ar [[Oileán Melville]] agus an mórthír thart timpeall air. * ''D. l. cliftoni'' a fhaightear i gceantracha [[Pilbara]] agus [[Hamersley]] in iarthuaisceart na hAstráile. * ''D. l. intermedia'' a fhaightear i [[Deisceart na Nua-Ghuine|ndeisceart na Nua-Ghuine]]. ==Cur síos== Tá aosach an chúcabarra ghormeitigh thart ar 38 go 42 cm (15 go 17 or) i bhfad agus meánn sé idir 260 go 330 g. Tá sé níos lú i gcomparáid leis an chúcabarra gháiriteach le níos mó goirme sna sciatháin agus súile bána áille aige agus é gan masc dorcha an chúcabarra gháiritigh. Is troma an gob atá aige ná gob a ghaoil níos mó. Tá a cheann agus an chuid íochtarach de bánbhuí le stríoca donna. Tá sé [[Démhorfacht gnéasanna|démhorfach ó thaobh a ngnéasanna]] de le heireaball gorm ag an fhireannach agus eireaball a bharrtar le tarr-ruadhonn agus dubh ag an bhaineannach. Tá bairr agus loirg dhonna níos feiceálaí i gclúmhrach na ngearrcach, rud a fhágann go mbíonn cuma salach orthu, agus bíonn a gcuid súile donn don chéad dá bhliain ar an tsaol.<ref>Legge, lch. 37</ref> Is minic a gcuirtear glao an éin seo i gcomparáid le grágaíl gáire nó le béicíl.<ref name=":0" /> ==Dáileadh agus gnáthóg== Dáiltear an cúcabarra gormeiteach ó dheisceart na Nua-Ghuine agus codanna taise [[Tuaisceart na hAstráile]] go láthair Brisbane i ndeisceart [[Queensland]] trasna an [[Top End]] agus chomh fada síos cósta [[Iarthar na hAstráile]] le ceantar [[Shark Bay]]. Ní fhaightear an t-éan idir Broome agus [[Port Hedland]] in iarthuaisceart na hAstráile.<ref name=":1" /> Meastar gur [[speiceas is lú imní]] é ar [[Liosta Dearg an AICD]] toisc go bhfaightear go forleathan agus go coitianta laistigh dá raon mór é. Cónaíonn an cúcabarra gormeiteach i ngrúpaí chomh mór le 12 éan laistigh de choillte sabhána oscailte agus seascann ''[[Melaleuca]]'' chomh maith le talamh feirme agus plandálacha [[cána siúcra]].<ref name=":0" /> ==Iompar== === Pórú === Is póraitheoir comhoibritheach é an cúcabarra gormeiteach le grúpaí de phéire pórúcháin agus éan cabhrach amháin nó níos mó ná sin den chuid is mó a chabhraíonn le tógáil na n-éan óg.<ref>Legge, lch. 49</ref> Tarlaíonn pórúchán uair amháin sa bhliain san earrach dhéanach (mí Mheán Fómhair go mí na Nollag). Is i gcuais chrainn a fhaightear an nead go minic, thart ar 25 m (82 tr) os cionn na talún. Beirtear trí nó ceithre ubh bána atá ábhairín lonrach agus a thomhaiseann 44 mm × 35 mm (1.7 or × 1.4 or) nó beagáinín níos mó.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Beruldsen, G|date=2003|title=Australian Birds: Their Nests and Eggs|publisher=féinfhoilsithe|pages=268|location=Kenmore Hills, Queensland|issn=ISBN 0-646-42798-9.}}</ref> Gorann an baineannach na hubha ar feadh 26 lá agus fanann na héin óga thart ar 36 lá eile sa nead sula gcleiteann siad.<ref name=":0" /> Rugtar na héin óga bándearg, dall agus lomnocht (.i. ''[[altramach]]'') agus déanann siad a mbealach amach as an ubh le fiacail uibhe ar a ngob. Nochtar na chéad chleití roimh an tseachtú lá agus osclaíonn a súile ón deichiú lá ar aghaidh.<ref>Legge, lch. 64</ref> Bíonn cúcabarraí óga an-trodach laistigh den chéad sheachtain saoil agus is minic a mharaíonn na héin óga níos sine an t-éag óg is óige le linn na tréimhse seo.<ref>Legge, lgh. 92-95</ref> Nuair a bhíonn na gearrcaigh faoi lánchlúimhrí, múineann na tuismitheoirí nósanna seilge dóibh ar feadh 6-10 seachtaine eile sular féidir leo soláthar dóibh féin.<ref>Legge, lch. 59</ref> === Beathú === Seilgeann agus itheann an cúcabarra gormeiteach réimse leathan ainmhithe a chuireann fúthu ar an, nó i ngar don, talamh.<ref>Legge, lch. 42</ref> Cuimsíonn [[Feithid|feithidí]], [[Laghairt|laghairteanna]] agus [[Frog|froganna]] cuid mhaith dá aiste bia i séasúr fliuch an tsamhraidh agus itheann an t-éan seo [[Artrapód|artrapóid]] cosúil le [[Cráifisc|cráifisceanna]], [[Scairp|scairpeanna]] agus [[Damhán alla|damháin alla]] chomh maith le [[Iasc|héisc]], [[Péist talún|péisteanna talún]], [[Aves|éin]] bheaga agus [[Creimire|creimirí]] ag amanna eile.<ref name=":0" /> Tá taifid ann dá fhoighneacht agus é ag feitheamh ar fheithidí a sciobadh ón aer agus iad ag teitheadh ó thinte scrobarnaí.<ref>Legge, lch. 44</ref> ==Bagairtí== Creachann an [[spioróg mhór dhearg]] agus an [[Ulchabhán ruadhonn|t-ulchabhán ruadhonn]] an cúcabarra gormeiteach. Is éin eitilte malla iad na héin fhásta agus mar sin bíonn siad i mbaoil buailte carranna ar bhóthair faoin tuath.<ref>Legge, lch. 109</ref> Is féidir le táin píotón olóige, cuoill agus góannaí teacht i dtír ar a neadacha.[lua ag teastáil] ==Gailearaí== <gallery> Íomhá:Dacelo_leachii.jpg|Fireannach i ngéibheann Íomhá:Bluewingedadelzoo.JPG|Fireannach ar [[Ghairdín na nAinmhithe Adelaide]] Íomhá:Dacelo_leachii_Zoo_Praha_2011-3.jpg|Ar Ghairdín na nAinmhithe Prág Íomhá:Dacelo_leachii_Zoo_Praha_2011-4.jpg|Ar Ghairdín na nAinmhithe Prág Íomhá:Blue-winged_Kookaburra_(Dacelo_leachii)_-female.jpg|Baineannach Íomhá:Lednak_modrokridly.jpg|Ar [[Ghairdín na nAinmhithe Prág]] Íomhá:Blue-winged_Kookaburra.ogv|Droichead Lester, Oirdheisceart Queensland, an Astráil Íomhá:Dacelo_leachii,_Avifauna_ZvD_03.jpg|In éanlann Ísiltíreach Avifauna </gallery> == Naisc sheachtracha == * [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/index.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=1092&m=0 Bileog Eolais Speicis BirdLife] * [https://ebird.org/species/blwkoo1 Grianghraif, fuaim agus físeán den chúcabarra ghormeiteach] ó Leabharlann Mhic Amhlaoibh [[Cornell Lab of Ornithology]] * [https://www.xeno-canto.org/species/Dacelo-leachii Taifeadtaí den chúcabarra ghormeiteach] ó chartlann fuaime Xeno-canto ==Tagairtí== {{Reflist}} {{Commonscat|Dacelo leachii|audio=0|video=0}} {{Halcyoninae}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q854856}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] [[Catagóir:Dacelo]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1826]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na hAstráile]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na Nua-Ghuine]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas is lú imní de chuid an AICD]] jgc2m4xy6et5hxvvckfhjmo8o0u285l 2 120600 1322717 1322509 2026-08-05T15:42:07Z Marcas.oduinn 33120 1322717 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ceanntásc == (an t)Údarás um..., (an) G(h)níomhaireacht um... (an) Comhbheartas Talmhaíochta. Cé acu sa teideal? Féach: * [http://www.gaois.ie gaois.ie]. * ''Wikidata list'' [[Úsáideoir:Marcas.oduinn/Clár Dubh/Wikidata list/Contaetha na hÉireann#Réigiún na hÉireann|Réigiúin na hÉireann]]. === Réigiún === {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top;" ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin NUTS |- | style="text-align:center" | [[Íomhá:IrelandRegions.png | center]] | align=center | [[Íomhá:NUTS3 Boundaries Ireland.png | center]] |- | style="vertical-align:top;" | Réigiúin na hÉireann: * (A) Tuaisceart * (B) Iarthar * (C) Iardheisceart * (D) Oirdheisceart * (E) Oirthear [BÁC] * (F) [[Lár na Tíre (Éire)]] | style="vertical-align:top;" | '''Réigiúin''' NUTS 3 na hÉireann: * [[Réigiún na Teorann|Teorainn]] * [[Réigiún an Iarthair|Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún Lár na Tíre|Lár na Tíre]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Oirthir|Lár-Oirthear]] * [[Réigiún Bhaile Átha Cliath|Baile Átha Cliath]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Iarthair|Lár-Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún an Oirdheiscirt|Oirdheisceart]] * [[Réigiún an Iardheiscirt|Iardheisceart]] |} {| |- | [[Íomhá:Newborderregionboundary.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Border region.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map West region.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map Midlands.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid East Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Mid-East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Island_of_Ireland_location_map_Dublin.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:SE Region Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map South East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map South West.svg | 80px]] |} === Acrainm === * [[Aicmiú Comhchoiteann na nAonad Críche maidir le Staidreamh|NUTS]] - Acáise * [[Comhordú an Eolais ar an Timpeallacht|CORINE]] - Ceolta * [[CORDIS]] - SeoTaifeach * [[Inter-Active Terminology for Europe|IATE]] - Tighe == Eile == {{tl|Gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|state=collapsed}} * [[Gníomhaireacht Sábháilteachta Eitlíochta an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2002), [[Institiúid Eorpach um Nuálaíocht agus Teicneolaíocht]] (2008), [[Comhlacht na Rialálaithe Eorpacha um Chumarsáid Leictreonach]] (BEREC) (2009) &leftarrow; (BEREC Office) - [[Gníomhaireacht Tacaíochta BEREC]] (2018), [[an tÚdarás um Páirtithe Polaitiúla Eorpacha agus um Fhondúireachtaí Polaitiúla Eorpacha]] (2016), [[EU-CyCLONe]] (2020), [[Údarás Custaim an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2026) * [[:Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EISMEA), an [[Lárionad Eorpach Inniúlachta um Thionsclaíocht, Teicneolaíocht agus Taighde Cibearshlándála]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Oideachas agus Cultúr]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol]] (CINEA) # ''[[:en:European Research Executive Agency|Research]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:European Research Council Executive Agency|Research Council]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development|Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development]] - [[Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch]] # ''[[:en:European Green Deal|European Green Deal]]'' - <s>an [[Comhaontú Glas Don Eoraip]]=</s>an[[Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip]] (&rightarrow; [[Dlí Athchóirithe Nádúir an Aontais Eorpaigh]]) #* [[Fís Eorpach]] # ''[[:en:LIFE Programme|LIFE Programme]]'' - [[Clár LIFE]] == Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch == '' The '''Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development''', also called '''Framework Programmes''' or abbreviated '''FP1''' to '''FP9''', are funding programmes created by the [[Aontas Eorpach]]/[[Coimisiún Eorpach]] to support and foster research in the [[European Research Area]] (ERA). Starting in 2014, the funding programmes were named '''Horizon'''. '' The funding programmes began in 1984 and continue to the present day. The most recent programme, [[Fís Eorpach]], has a budget of 95.5 billion Euros to be distributed over seven years. '' The specific objectives and actions vary between funding periods. In FP6 and FP7, focus was on technological research. In [[Fís 2020]], the focus was on innovation, delivering economic growth faster, and delivering solutions to end users that are often governmental agencies. == Stair Conducting European research policies and implementing European research programmes is an obligation under the [[Conradh Amstardam]], which includes a chapter on research and technological development. The programmes are defined by commission civil servants who are aided by various official advisory group and lobby groups. To advise the an Coimisiún Eorpach on the overall strategy to be followed in carrying out the Information and Communication Technology thematic priority, the Information Society Technologies Advisory Group (ISTAG) was set up. <ref name=:0>{{lua idirlín | url = http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | teideal = ISTAG website | foilsitheoir = cordis.lu | dáta = 20 Deireadh Fómhair 2011 | dátarochtana = 29 Samhain 2011 | archive-date=26 April 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060426010836/http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | url-status=dead}}</ref> == The framework programmes '' The framework programmes, up until Framework Programme 6 (FP6), covered five-year periods; but from Framework Programme 7 (FP7) onward, programmes run for seven years. The Framework Programmes, and their budgets in billions of Euros, are presented in the table below. <ref name=>Artis, M. J. and F. Nixson, Eds. "The Economics of the European Union: Policy and Analysis" (4th ed.), Oxford University Press 2007</ref> For FP1–FP5, program expenditures were made in [[Aonad Airgeadra Eorpach]]; from FP6 onward budgets were in Euros. The values presented below are in Euros. {| class="wikitable" |- ! ID !! Framework programme !! Period !! Budget (billion €) |- | FP1 || First <ref name=cead>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31983Y0804(01) Council resolution of 25 July 1983 on framework programmes for Community research, development and demonstration activities and a first framework programme 1984 to 1987]; OJ C208 – 04/08/1983; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1984–1987 || 3.8 |- | FP2 || Second <ref name=dara>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31987D0516 Council Decision of 28 September 1987 concerning the framework programme for Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1987 to 1991)]; OJ L302 – 24 October 1987; 87/516/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1987–1991 || 5.4 |- | FP3 || Third <ref name=triu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31990D0221 Council Decision of 23 April 1990 concerning the framework Programme of Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1990 to 1994)]; OJ L117 – 08/05/1990; 90/221/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1990–1994 || 6.6 |- | FP4 || Fourth <ref name=ceathru>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31994D1110 Decision No 1110/94/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 April 1994 concerning the fourth framework programme of the European Community activities in the field of research and technological development and demonstration]; OJ L126 – 18 May 1994; No 1110/94/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1994–1998 || 13.2 |- | FP5 || Fifth <ref name=cuigiu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31999D0182 Decision No 182/1999/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 December 1998 concerning the fifth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (1998 to 2002)]; OJ L26 – 01/02/1999; No 182/1999/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1998–2002 || 15.0 |- | FP6 || Sixth <ref name=seu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32002D1513 Decision No 1513/2002/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2002 concerning the sixth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities, contributing to the creation of the European Research Area and to innovation (2002 to 2006)]; OJ L232 – 29 August 2002; No 1513/2002/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 2002–2006 || 16.3 |- | FP7 || Seventh || 2007–2013 || 50.5 over seven years<br />+ 2.7 for [[Euratom]] over five years <ref name=fp7>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/fp7/understanding/fp7inbrief/structure_en.html |title= How is FP 7 structured? from FP7 in Brief | foilsitheoir = European Commission | dátarochtana = 31 Iúil 2011}}</ref> |- | FP8 || [[Fís 2020]] (ochtú) <ref name=Cordis2020>{{lua idirlín | teideal = The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_ga.cfm?pg=h2020 | dátarochtana = 19 Iúil 2012}}</ref> || 2014–2020 || 77 <ref name=>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/horizon2020/document.cfm?doc_id=17607 | retail = Research and innovation funding: making a real difference | dáta =2016|website=European Commission |dátarochtana = 30 Eanáir 2018}}</ref> |- | FP9 || [[Fís Eorpach]] <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |last=Cordis|title=The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation|url=http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_en.cfm?pg=h2020https://ec.europa.eu/info/horizon-europe-next-research-and-innovation-framework-programme_en|access-date=15 August 2019}}</ref> || 2021–2027 || 95.5 <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/funding/funding-opportunities/funding-programmes-and-open-calls/horizon-europe_en | title=Horizon Europe | date=22 December 2025 }}</ref> <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://eufunds.me/what-is-the-budget-of-horizon-europe/ | title=What is the budget of Horizon Europe? | date=6 May 2021 }}</ref> |- | FP10 | Horizon Europe | 2028-2034 | 175 (''proposal'') <ref name=>{{Cite web |title=EU budget 2028-2034 |url=https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/eu-budget/long-term-eu-budget/eu-budget-2028-2034_en |access-date=2025-07-22 |website=commission.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> |} == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip == [[File:CO2_emissions_EU.svg|thumb|Development of CO₂ emissions in the [[European Union]]]] [[File:Co-emissions-per-capita (2).png|thumb|CO₂ emissions per capita in the European Union]] [[File:CO2 emission pie chart.svg|thumb|Global [[List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions|carbon dioxide emissions]] by jurisdiction, 2023]] '' The '''European Green Deal''', approved in 2020, is a set of policy initiatives by the [[European Commission]] with the overarching aim of making the [[European Union]] (EU) [[Net-zero emissions|climate neutral]] in 2050.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/the-commissions-green-deal-plan-unveiled/|title=Europe's Green Deal plan unveiled | last1=Tamma|first1=Paola|last2=Schaart|first2=Eline|date=11 December 2019|website=POLITICO|access-date=29 December 2019|last3=Gurzu|first3=Anca}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy-environment/news/eu-commission-unveils-european-green-deal-the-key-points/|title=EU Commission unveils 'European Green Deal': The key points|last=Simon|first=Frédéric|date=11 December 2019 | work =euractiv.com|access-date=29 December 2019}}</ref> The plan is to review each existing law on its climate merits, and also introduce new legislation on the [[circular economy]] (CE), [[building renovation]], [[biodiversity]], farming and [[innovation]].<ref name=":0" /> '' The president of the European Commission, [[Ursula von der Leyen]], stated that the European Green Deal would be Europe's "man on the moon moment".<ref name=":0"/> On 13 December 2019, the [[European Council]] decided to press ahead with the plan, with an opt-out for [[Poland]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/dec/13/european-green-deal-to-press-ahead-despite-polish-targets-opt-out|title=European Green Deal to press ahead despite Polish targets opt-out| sloinne =Rankin|first=Jennifer|date=13 December 2019|work=The Guardian|access-date=29 December 2019|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> On 15 January 2020, the [[European Parliament]] voted to support the deal as well, with requests for higher ambition.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.europeaninterest.eu/article/parliament-supports-european-green-deal/|title=Parliament supports European Green Deal|last=Benakis|first=Theodoros|date=15 January 2020|website=European Interest|access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref> A year later, the European Climate Law was passed, which legislated that [[greenhouse gas emissions]] should be 55% lower in 2030 compared to 1990. The [[Fit for 55]] package is a large set of proposed legislation detailing how the European Union plans to reach this target.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Climate-change-law-in-Europe-what-do-new-EU-climate-laws-mean-for-the-courts.pdf |title=Climate change law in Europe: What do new EU climate laws mean for the courts? |last1=Higham |first1=Catherine |last2=Setzer |first2=Joana |date=March 2023 |publisher=[[Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment]] |page=3 |last3=Narulla |first3=Harj |last4=Bradeen |first4=Emily |access-date=2 April 2023}}</ref> ETS2 is the new [[European Union Emissions Trading System|EU Emissions Trading System]] that will enter into force in 2027 and, for the first time in history, will set a price for CO2 emissions from fuels used in the building and road transport sectors.<ref name="ETS2"/> '' The [[European Commission]]'s climate change strategy, launched in 2020, is focused on a promise to make Europe a [[Carbon neutrality|net-zero]] emitter of [[greenhouse gas]]es by 2050 and to demonstrate that economies will develop without increasing resource usage. However, the Green Deal has measures to ensure that nations that are already reliant on [[fossil fuels]] are not left behind in the transition to renewable energy.<ref>{{Cite web|title=International investors enter Poland renewable energy market after rule change|url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/poland-renewable-energy|access-date=20 May 2021|website=European Investment Bank}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Unconventional Mitigation|url=https://www.swp-berlin.org/10.18449/2020RP08/|access-date=20 May 2021|journal=SWP Research Paper|year=2020|doi=10.18449/2020RP08|last1=Geden|first1=Oliver|last2=Schenuit|first2=Felix|author3=Stiftung Wissenschaft Und Politik}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=€33 trillion investor group: strong EU climate targets key to economic recovery & future growth|website=IIGCC|url=https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/|access-date=20 May 2021|archive-date=9 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230109195100/https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/}}</ref> The green transition is a top priority for Europe. The EU member states want to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030 from 1990 levels, and become climate neutral by 2050.<ref name="eib.org">{{Cite web |title=Europe needs to forge ahead with renewable energy |url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/renewable-energy-europe-africa |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=European Investment Bank}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Fit for 55 |url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/green-deal/fit-for-55-the-eu-plan-for-a-green-transition/ |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=consilium.europa.eu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Jaeger |first1=Carlo |last2=Mielke |first2=Jahel |last3=Schütze |first3=Franziska |last4=Teitge |first4=Jonas |last5=Wolf |first5=Sarah |date=2021 |title=The European Green Deal – More Than Climate Neutrality |url=https://www.intereconomics.eu/contents/year/2021/number/2/article/the-european-green-deal-more-than-climate-neutrality.html |journal=Intereconomics |volume=2021 |issue=2 |pages=99–107}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Net Zero Coalition |url=https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/net-zero-coalition |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=United Nations}}</ref> '' Von der Leyen appointed [[Frans Timmermans]] as Executive Vice President of the European Commission for the European Green Deal in 2019. He was succeeded by [[Maroš Šefčovič]] in 2023,<ref name="climateaction">{{Cite web |last1=Mathiesen |first1=Karl |last2=Weise |first2=Zia |last3=Lynch |first3=Suzanne |date=22 August 2023 |title=Šefčovič replaces Timmermans as EU Green Deal chief |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/frans-timmermans-quit-eu-climate-chief-return-dutch-politics/ |access-date=31 December 2023 |website=[[Politico Europe]] }}</ref> and [[Teresa Ribera]] in 2024. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Clár LIFE == [[Íomhá:Logolife.jpg | mion | 200px | Lógó LIFE]] '' '''Clár LIFE'''<ref name=iate /> (Fraincis: ''L’Instrument Financier pour l’Environnement'') has been the [[Aontas Eorpach]]'s funding instrument for the environment and climate action since 1992. The general objective of LIFE is to contribute to the implementation, updating and development of EU environmental and climate policy and legislation by co-financing projects with European added value. '' Thosaigh LIFE sa bhliain 1992 agus tá cúig chéim sa chlár go dtí an am seo (2026): * LIFE I: 1992–1995 " LIFE II: 1996–1999 * LIFE III: 2000–2006 * LIFE+: 2007–2013 * LIFE 2014–2020 * LIFE 2021-2027 (reatha) '' Suas go 2021, bhí tuairim is 4600 tionscadal chomh-mhaoinithe ag LIFE ar fud na hEorpa, agus €6.5 billiún caite chun an timpeallacht agus an aeráid a chaomhnú. '' For the current phase of the programme (2021–2027), [[an Coimisiún Eorpach]] proposed to raise the budget to 5.45 billion Euro.<ref name=stair /> ''The European Commission ([[Directorate-General for the Environment|DG Environment]], [[Directorate-General for Climate Action|DG Climate Action]] and [[Directorate-General for Energy|DG Energy]]) manages the LIFE programme. The commission delegated the implementation of many components of the LIFE programme to the [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EASME / EISMEA) until March 2021 and to the [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol]] (CINEA) since 1 April 2021. External selection, monitoring and communication teams provide assistance to the Commission and CINEA. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/iiii/ga | teideal = Téarma: | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 02-08-2026}}</ref> <ref name=stair>{{lua idirlín | url = https://ec.europa.eu/easme/en/section/life/life-history-life | teideal = History of LIFE | dátarochtana = 14 Bealtaine 2020 | foilsitheoir = EASME / EISMEA}}</ref> }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir:An tAontas Eorpach agus an comhshaol]] [[Catagóir:Coimisiún Eorpach]] == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde == | headquarters = [[an Bhruiséil]], [[an Bheilg]] | leader_name = Marc Tachelet Is [[gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|gníomhaireacht feidhmiúcháin]] an [[an Coimisiún Eorpach|Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde'''<ref name=iate /> (Béarla: ''European Research Executive Agency'' ('''REA'''). '' Established in 2007, it manages parts of the European Union's research and innovation programmes, including [[Horizon Europe]] and the [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]], and provides administrative support for EU-funded research projects.<ref name=about /><ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Stair '' The agency was established by the European Commission on 14 December 2007 to implement parts of the [[Seventh Framework Programme]].<ref name=CELEX:32008D0046 /> Its mandate was extended in 2013 to manage significant parts of [[Horizon 2020]], the EU's framework programme for research and innovation for 2014–2020.<ref name=CELEX:32013D0778 /> '' In 2021, the Commission renewed the agency's mandate for the 2021–2027 financial period through Implementing Decision (EU) 2021/173, under which the REA became one of six executive agencies responsible for implementing programmes funded under the EU budget.<ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Freagrachtaí '' Since 2021, the REA has managed parts of several European Union programmes, including: * [[Fís Eorpach]], particularly: ** [[Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions]] ** Research infrastructures ** Cnuasach 2: Culture, Creativity and Inclusive Society ** Cnuasach 3: Civil Security for Society ** Cnuasach 6: Food, Bioeconomy, Natural Resources, Agriculture and Environment ** Widening participation and spreading excellence ** Reforming and enhancing the European research and innovation system * [[Fís 2020]] * Promotion of agricultural products * [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]] '' The agency also manages the Commission's [[Research Enquiry Service]], coordinates the evaluation of research proposals by independent experts, provides administrative support to beneficiaries of EU funding programmes, and carries out legal and financial validation of grants and procurement procedures.<ref name=resp /> == Rialtas '' The REA is an executive agency of the European Commission and operates under the supervision of the Commission. It is headed by a director and overseen by a steering committee composed of representatives of the Commission departments responsible for the programmes managed by the agency.<ref name=org /> == Buiséad '' For the 2021–2027 programming period, the REA manages approximately €22.7&nbsp;billion in EU funding. During the [[Horizon 2020]] programme (2014–2020), it managed around €17&nbsp;billion, compared with €6.4&nbsp;billion under the [[Seventh Framework Programme]] (2007–2013).<ref name=about /> == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/3591743/ga | teideal = Téarma: an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32021D0173>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32021D0173 | teideal = Cinneadh Cur Chun Feidhme (AE) 2021/173 ón gCoimisiún an 12 Feabhra 2021 lena mbunaítear ... '''an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde''' ... | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32008D0046>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32008D0046 | teideal = 2008/46/EC: Commission Decision of 14 December 2007 setting up the Research Executive Agency for the management of certain areas of the specific Community programmes People, Capacities and Cooperation in the field of research in application of Council Regulation (EC) No 58/2003 | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32013D0778>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32013D0778 | teideal = Decision No 778/2013/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 August 2013 providing further macro-financial assistance to Georgia | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=about>{{lua idirlín | teideal = About REA | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_en |publisher=European Commission | dátarochtana = 26 Meitheamh 2026}}</ref> <ref name=resp>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Responsibilities | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us/what-we-do_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> <ref name=org>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Organisation | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> }} [[Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde == {{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} | location = [[an Bhruiséil]] '' The í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde''' (Béarla: '''European Research Council''' ('''ERC''')) is a public body for funding of scientific and technological research conducted within the [[European Union]] (EU). Established a bhliain 2007, the ERC is composed of an independent Scientific Council, its governing body consisting of distinguished researchers, and an Executive Agency, in charge of the implementation. It forms part of the framework programme of the union dedicated to research and innovation, [[Horizon 2020]], preceded by the [[Seventh Research Framework Programme]] (FP7). '' The ERC budget was over €13 billion from 2014 – 2020 and comes from the [[Horizon 2020]] programme, a part of the European Union's budget. Under Horizon 2020 it is estimated that around 7,000 ERC grantees will be funded and 42,000 team members supported, including 11,000 doctoral students and almost 16,000 post-doctoral researchers. The ERC awards to individuals are widely considered to be either among the most, or else the most prestigious grant for academics in Europe. <ref>{{cite news |last1=Amos |first1=Jonathan |title=European research goes for gold |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/mobile/science/nature/6399157.stm |access-date=16 May 2025 |agency=BBC |date=27 February 2007}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=Boe |first1=Mariangela |title=Striving for excellence with ERC funding |url=https://yerun.eu/2024/09/striving-for-excellence-with-erc-funding/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Yerun |date=24 September 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=matthews |first1=niall |title=Prestigious European Research Council award successes for Irish-based researchers |url=https://www.researchireland.ie/news/european-research-council-award-irish-based-researchers/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Research Ireland |date=5 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Frontier-led research, the ERC and the role of university communities in securing their future |url=https://www.the-guild.eu/news-and-blog/news/2017/1frontier-led-research-the-erc-and-the-role-of-univ.html |website=The Guild |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Increasing your researchers' chances of winning ERC grants {{!}} EURAXESS |url=https://www.euraxess.me/montenegro/news/increasing-your-researchers-chances-winning-erc-grants |website=www.euraxess.me |access-date=16 May 2025 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=An introduction to ERC Starting and Consolidator Grants |url=https://worldfactory.de/veranstaltungen/details/an-introduction-to-erc-starting-and-consolidator-grants-345 |website=worldfactory.de |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> '' Researchers from any field can compete for the grants that support pioneering projects. The ERC competitions are open to top researchers also from outside the union. The average success rate is about 12%. <ref>{{Citation| title=basic statistics for ERC funding activities| date=22 February 2017| url=http://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| access-date=12 October 2012| archive-date=2 October 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002070911/https://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| url-status=live}}</ref> Five ERC grantees have won Nobel Prizes. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|title=ERA Portal Austria – Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine goes to two ERC grantees|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=8 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308013059/https://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|title=ERC starting grant holder wins Nobel physics prize – Science-Business|website=sciencebusiness.net|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=2 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230902160227/https://sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |title=ERC grant holder awarded Nobel Prize in physics &#124; Idconsortium Consultoria Investigación + Desarrollo + Innovación (I+D+i) |access-date=2015-09-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304130551/http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |archive-date=4 March 2016 }}</ref> Grant applications are assessed by qualified experts. Excellence is the sole criterion for selection; there are neither thematic priorities, nor geographical quotas for funding. The aim is to recognise the best ideas, and confer status and visibility to the best research in Europe, while also attracting talent from abroad. '' Along with national funding bodies, the ERC aims to improve the climate for European frontier research. The Scientific Council has been keen to learn from the ERC's peers in national research councils (European and overseas) and to engage in dialogue and appropriate collaboration. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir: Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Tíreolaíocht == [[Réigiún na Teorann]] === Geografaíocht fhisiceach [[Íomhá:Glencar waterfall01.jpg| thumb | 170px | [[Loch Ghleann an Chairthe|Eas Ghleann an Chairthe]], Liatroim]] '' The region encompasses the entire northwest coast of Ireland along the [[an tAigéan Atlantach]]. Two of Ireland's longest rivers, [[an tSionainn]] and the [[an Éirne]], agus an [[Uiscebhealach na Sionainne is na hÉirne]] eatarthu. Cavan and Monaghan in the east of the region are characterized by a drumlin landscape, with hundreds of loughs interspersed between. [[Loch Aillionn]] in Leitrim is the region's largest lake, at 35 km². '' The west of the region, from [[Teallach Eathach]], County Cavan, to the Atlantic coast is largely rocky and mountainous, with coastal cliffs but also beaches in counties Sligo, Donegal and Leitrim. Leitrim has the smallest coastline of any county, at just 5&nbsp;km in length, while Donegal has the longest, at 1,134&nbsp;km. === Foraoiseacht '' there is a total of 130,345 ha of forest and woodland cover in the Border Region, equating to 11.3% of the region's land area, the national average.<ref name=govagri2017 /> '' Traditionally, the region had a very low cover forest and planting schemes were undertaken by the Department of Agriculture or [[Comhlachtaí státurraithe na hÉireann|comhlachtaí státurraithe]] such as [[Coillte]]. County Leitrim is now Ireland's most forested county at 18.9% forest cover. However, over 50% of Leitrim's forests are in private ownership.<ref name=govagri2006 /> === Aeráid '' Under [[Aicmiú aeráide Köppen]], the region experiences a maritime [[aeráid mheasartha]] [[aeráid aigéanach]], meaning cool winters, mild humid summers, and a lack of temperature extremes. Summer daytime temperatures range between 15°C agus 22°C, rarely going beyond 25°C. While the region generally experiences mild winters, upland areas typically have snow. Humidity is high year round and rainfall ranges from ~1,250&nbsp;mm ([[Marcréidh]], Sligeach) to ~1,000&nbsp;mm ([[Béal Átha hÉis]], Cabhán), evenly distributed throughout the year. <ref name=metclimate /> === Geolaíocht [[Íomhá: Benbulben2.jpg | thumb | 200px | [[Binn Ghulbain]], Contae Shligigh]] '' There are many large mountain ranges and high sea cliffs in the region, such as the [[Sléibhte Dhoire Bheatha]], [[Sliabh Liag]], the [[Binn Chuilceach]] agus [[Binn Ghulbain]]. The region is generally underlain by [[an tOrdaivíseach]] and [[an Siolúrach]] sceallaí agus gréabhacaí, laid down 417-495 million years ago. These are found in eastern Cavan and Monaghan. The bedrock of western Cavan, Leitrim and Sligo is composed mostly of [[carbónmhar]] limestones that were laid roughly 355 million years ago. However, a 1.5 billion year old narrow strip of metamorphosed gneisses extend across Sligo near [[Sliabh Gamh]].<ref name=geocavan /><ref name=geosligo /> '' County Donegal has one of the most complex geologies in Ireland. Much of the county is underlain by [[Réamhchaimbriach]] gneiss, schist and quartzite, laid down during the Grenvillian Orogeny 700 million years ago. The Border Region's highest point, [[An Earagail]], at 751 m, is composed of Precambrian quartzite. '' Ireland's oldest rocks, laid down 1.78 billion years ago, are found on the island of [[Inis Trá Tholl]].<ref name=gsi /> Inis Trá Tholl is Ireland's most northerly island, located approximately 10&nbsp;km north of [[Cionn Mhálanna]], mainland Ireland's most northerly point. '' [[Loch Súilí]] in Donegal is one of Ireland's three fjords. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Buntásc == __NOINDEX__ __NOTOC__ 8occt62t4z2kmz2heo1flphpepaj5ec 1322718 1322717 2026-08-05T16:30:56Z Marcas.oduinn 33120 /* Clár LIFE */ 1322718 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ceanntásc == (an t)Údarás um..., (an) G(h)níomhaireacht um... (an) Comhbheartas Talmhaíochta. Cé acu sa teideal? Féach: * [http://www.gaois.ie gaois.ie]. * ''Wikidata list'' [[Úsáideoir:Marcas.oduinn/Clár Dubh/Wikidata list/Contaetha na hÉireann#Réigiún na hÉireann|Réigiúin na hÉireann]]. === Réigiún === {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top;" ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin NUTS |- | style="text-align:center" | [[Íomhá:IrelandRegions.png | center]] | align=center | [[Íomhá:NUTS3 Boundaries Ireland.png | center]] |- | style="vertical-align:top;" | Réigiúin na hÉireann: * (A) Tuaisceart * (B) Iarthar * (C) Iardheisceart * (D) Oirdheisceart * (E) Oirthear [BÁC] * (F) [[Lár na Tíre (Éire)]] | style="vertical-align:top;" | '''Réigiúin''' NUTS 3 na hÉireann: * [[Réigiún na Teorann|Teorainn]] * [[Réigiún an Iarthair|Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún Lár na Tíre|Lár na Tíre]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Oirthir|Lár-Oirthear]] * [[Réigiún Bhaile Átha Cliath|Baile Átha Cliath]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Iarthair|Lár-Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún an Oirdheiscirt|Oirdheisceart]] * [[Réigiún an Iardheiscirt|Iardheisceart]] |} {| |- | [[Íomhá:Newborderregionboundary.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Border region.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map West region.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map Midlands.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid East Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Mid-East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Island_of_Ireland_location_map_Dublin.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:SE Region Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map South East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map South West.svg | 80px]] |} === Acrainm === * [[Aicmiú Comhchoiteann na nAonad Críche maidir le Staidreamh|NUTS]] - Acáise * [[Comhordú an Eolais ar an Timpeallacht|CORINE]] - Ceolta * [[CORDIS]] - SeoTaifeach * [[Inter-Active Terminology for Europe|IATE]] - Tighe == Eile == {{tl|Gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|state=collapsed}} * [[Gníomhaireacht Sábháilteachta Eitlíochta an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2002), [[Institiúid Eorpach um Nuálaíocht agus Teicneolaíocht]] (2008), [[Comhlacht na Rialálaithe Eorpacha um Chumarsáid Leictreonach]] (BEREC) (2009) &leftarrow; (BEREC Office) - [[Gníomhaireacht Tacaíochta BEREC]] (2018), [[an tÚdarás um Páirtithe Polaitiúla Eorpacha agus um Fhondúireachtaí Polaitiúla Eorpacha]] (2016), [[EU-CyCLONe]] (2020), [[Údarás Custaim an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2026) * [[:Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EISMEA), an [[Lárionad Eorpach Inniúlachta um Thionsclaíocht, Teicneolaíocht agus Taighde Cibearshlándála]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Oideachas agus Cultúr]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol]] (CINEA) # ''[[:en:European Research Executive Agency|Research]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:European Research Council Executive Agency|Research Council]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development|Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development]] - [[Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch]] # ''[[:en:European Green Deal|European Green Deal]]'' - <s>an [[Comhaontú Glas Don Eoraip]]=</s>an[[Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip]] (&rightarrow; [[Dlí Athchóirithe Nádúir an Aontais Eorpaigh]]) #* [[Fís Eorpach]] # ''[[:en:LIFE Programme|LIFE Programme]]'' - [[Clár LIFE]] == Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch == '' The '''Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development''', also called '''Framework Programmes''' or abbreviated '''FP1''' to '''FP9''', are funding programmes created by the [[Aontas Eorpach]]/[[Coimisiún Eorpach]] to support and foster research in the [[European Research Area]] (ERA). Starting in 2014, the funding programmes were named '''Horizon'''. '' The funding programmes began in 1984 and continue to the present day. The most recent programme, [[Fís Eorpach]], has a budget of 95.5 billion Euros to be distributed over seven years. '' The specific objectives and actions vary between funding periods. In FP6 and FP7, focus was on technological research. In [[Fís 2020]], the focus was on innovation, delivering economic growth faster, and delivering solutions to end users that are often governmental agencies. == Stair Conducting European research policies and implementing European research programmes is an obligation under the [[Conradh Amstardam]], which includes a chapter on research and technological development. The programmes are defined by commission civil servants who are aided by various official advisory group and lobby groups. To advise the an Coimisiún Eorpach on the overall strategy to be followed in carrying out the Information and Communication Technology thematic priority, the Information Society Technologies Advisory Group (ISTAG) was set up. <ref name=:0>{{lua idirlín | url = http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | teideal = ISTAG website | foilsitheoir = cordis.lu | dáta = 20 Deireadh Fómhair 2011 | dátarochtana = 29 Samhain 2011 | archive-date=26 April 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060426010836/http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | url-status=dead}}</ref> == The framework programmes '' The framework programmes, up until Framework Programme 6 (FP6), covered five-year periods; but from Framework Programme 7 (FP7) onward, programmes run for seven years. The Framework Programmes, and their budgets in billions of Euros, are presented in the table below. <ref name=>Artis, M. J. and F. Nixson, Eds. "The Economics of the European Union: Policy and Analysis" (4th ed.), Oxford University Press 2007</ref> For FP1–FP5, program expenditures were made in [[Aonad Airgeadra Eorpach]]; from FP6 onward budgets were in Euros. The values presented below are in Euros. {| class="wikitable" |- ! ID !! Framework programme !! Period !! Budget (billion €) |- | FP1 || First <ref name=cead>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31983Y0804(01) Council resolution of 25 July 1983 on framework programmes for Community research, development and demonstration activities and a first framework programme 1984 to 1987]; OJ C208 – 04/08/1983; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1984–1987 || 3.8 |- | FP2 || Second <ref name=dara>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31987D0516 Council Decision of 28 September 1987 concerning the framework programme for Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1987 to 1991)]; OJ L302 – 24 October 1987; 87/516/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1987–1991 || 5.4 |- | FP3 || Third <ref name=triu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31990D0221 Council Decision of 23 April 1990 concerning the framework Programme of Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1990 to 1994)]; OJ L117 – 08/05/1990; 90/221/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1990–1994 || 6.6 |- | FP4 || Fourth <ref name=ceathru>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31994D1110 Decision No 1110/94/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 April 1994 concerning the fourth framework programme of the European Community activities in the field of research and technological development and demonstration]; OJ L126 – 18 May 1994; No 1110/94/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1994–1998 || 13.2 |- | FP5 || Fifth <ref name=cuigiu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31999D0182 Decision No 182/1999/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 December 1998 concerning the fifth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (1998 to 2002)]; OJ L26 – 01/02/1999; No 182/1999/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1998–2002 || 15.0 |- | FP6 || Sixth <ref name=seu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32002D1513 Decision No 1513/2002/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2002 concerning the sixth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities, contributing to the creation of the European Research Area and to innovation (2002 to 2006)]; OJ L232 – 29 August 2002; No 1513/2002/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 2002–2006 || 16.3 |- | FP7 || Seventh || 2007–2013 || 50.5 over seven years<br />+ 2.7 for [[Euratom]] over five years <ref name=fp7>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/fp7/understanding/fp7inbrief/structure_en.html |title= How is FP 7 structured? from FP7 in Brief | foilsitheoir = European Commission | dátarochtana = 31 Iúil 2011}}</ref> |- | FP8 || [[Fís 2020]] (ochtú) <ref name=Cordis2020>{{lua idirlín | teideal = The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_ga.cfm?pg=h2020 | dátarochtana = 19 Iúil 2012}}</ref> || 2014–2020 || 77 <ref name=>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/horizon2020/document.cfm?doc_id=17607 | retail = Research and innovation funding: making a real difference | dáta =2016|website=European Commission |dátarochtana = 30 Eanáir 2018}}</ref> |- | FP9 || [[Fís Eorpach]] <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |last=Cordis|title=The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation|url=http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_en.cfm?pg=h2020https://ec.europa.eu/info/horizon-europe-next-research-and-innovation-framework-programme_en|access-date=15 August 2019}}</ref> || 2021–2027 || 95.5 <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/funding/funding-opportunities/funding-programmes-and-open-calls/horizon-europe_en | title=Horizon Europe | date=22 December 2025 }}</ref> <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://eufunds.me/what-is-the-budget-of-horizon-europe/ | title=What is the budget of Horizon Europe? | date=6 May 2021 }}</ref> |- | FP10 | Horizon Europe | 2028-2034 | 175 (''proposal'') <ref name=>{{Cite web |title=EU budget 2028-2034 |url=https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/eu-budget/long-term-eu-budget/eu-budget-2028-2034_en |access-date=2025-07-22 |website=commission.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> |} == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip == [[File:CO2_emissions_EU.svg|thumb|Development of CO₂ emissions in the [[European Union]]]] [[File:Co-emissions-per-capita (2).png|thumb|CO₂ emissions per capita in the European Union]] [[File:CO2 emission pie chart.svg|thumb|Global [[List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions|carbon dioxide emissions]] by jurisdiction, 2023]] '' The '''European Green Deal''', approved in 2020, is a set of policy initiatives by the [[European Commission]] with the overarching aim of making the [[European Union]] (EU) [[Net-zero emissions|climate neutral]] in 2050.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/the-commissions-green-deal-plan-unveiled/|title=Europe's Green Deal plan unveiled | last1=Tamma|first1=Paola|last2=Schaart|first2=Eline|date=11 December 2019|website=POLITICO|access-date=29 December 2019|last3=Gurzu|first3=Anca}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy-environment/news/eu-commission-unveils-european-green-deal-the-key-points/|title=EU Commission unveils 'European Green Deal': The key points|last=Simon|first=Frédéric|date=11 December 2019 | work =euractiv.com|access-date=29 December 2019}}</ref> The plan is to review each existing law on its climate merits, and also introduce new legislation on the [[circular economy]] (CE), [[building renovation]], [[biodiversity]], farming and [[innovation]].<ref name=":0" /> '' The president of the European Commission, [[Ursula von der Leyen]], stated that the European Green Deal would be Europe's "man on the moon moment".<ref name=":0"/> On 13 December 2019, the [[European Council]] decided to press ahead with the plan, with an opt-out for [[Poland]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/dec/13/european-green-deal-to-press-ahead-despite-polish-targets-opt-out|title=European Green Deal to press ahead despite Polish targets opt-out| sloinne =Rankin|first=Jennifer|date=13 December 2019|work=The Guardian|access-date=29 December 2019|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> On 15 January 2020, the [[European Parliament]] voted to support the deal as well, with requests for higher ambition.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.europeaninterest.eu/article/parliament-supports-european-green-deal/|title=Parliament supports European Green Deal|last=Benakis|first=Theodoros|date=15 January 2020|website=European Interest|access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref> A year later, the European Climate Law was passed, which legislated that [[greenhouse gas emissions]] should be 55% lower in 2030 compared to 1990. The [[Fit for 55]] package is a large set of proposed legislation detailing how the European Union plans to reach this target.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Climate-change-law-in-Europe-what-do-new-EU-climate-laws-mean-for-the-courts.pdf |title=Climate change law in Europe: What do new EU climate laws mean for the courts? |last1=Higham |first1=Catherine |last2=Setzer |first2=Joana |date=March 2023 |publisher=[[Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment]] |page=3 |last3=Narulla |first3=Harj |last4=Bradeen |first4=Emily |access-date=2 April 2023}}</ref> ETS2 is the new [[European Union Emissions Trading System|EU Emissions Trading System]] that will enter into force in 2027 and, for the first time in history, will set a price for CO2 emissions from fuels used in the building and road transport sectors.<ref name="ETS2"/> '' The [[European Commission]]'s climate change strategy, launched in 2020, is focused on a promise to make Europe a [[Carbon neutrality|net-zero]] emitter of [[greenhouse gas]]es by 2050 and to demonstrate that economies will develop without increasing resource usage. However, the Green Deal has measures to ensure that nations that are already reliant on [[fossil fuels]] are not left behind in the transition to renewable energy.<ref>{{Cite web|title=International investors enter Poland renewable energy market after rule change|url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/poland-renewable-energy|access-date=20 May 2021|website=European Investment Bank}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Unconventional Mitigation|url=https://www.swp-berlin.org/10.18449/2020RP08/|access-date=20 May 2021|journal=SWP Research Paper|year=2020|doi=10.18449/2020RP08|last1=Geden|first1=Oliver|last2=Schenuit|first2=Felix|author3=Stiftung Wissenschaft Und Politik}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=€33 trillion investor group: strong EU climate targets key to economic recovery & future growth|website=IIGCC|url=https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/|access-date=20 May 2021|archive-date=9 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230109195100/https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/}}</ref> The green transition is a top priority for Europe. The EU member states want to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030 from 1990 levels, and become climate neutral by 2050.<ref name="eib.org">{{Cite web |title=Europe needs to forge ahead with renewable energy |url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/renewable-energy-europe-africa |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=European Investment Bank}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Fit for 55 |url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/green-deal/fit-for-55-the-eu-plan-for-a-green-transition/ |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=consilium.europa.eu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Jaeger |first1=Carlo |last2=Mielke |first2=Jahel |last3=Schütze |first3=Franziska |last4=Teitge |first4=Jonas |last5=Wolf |first5=Sarah |date=2021 |title=The European Green Deal – More Than Climate Neutrality |url=https://www.intereconomics.eu/contents/year/2021/number/2/article/the-european-green-deal-more-than-climate-neutrality.html |journal=Intereconomics |volume=2021 |issue=2 |pages=99–107}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Net Zero Coalition |url=https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/net-zero-coalition |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=United Nations}}</ref> '' Von der Leyen appointed [[Frans Timmermans]] as Executive Vice President of the European Commission for the European Green Deal in 2019. He was succeeded by [[Maroš Šefčovič]] in 2023,<ref name="climateaction">{{Cite web |last1=Mathiesen |first1=Karl |last2=Weise |first2=Zia |last3=Lynch |first3=Suzanne |date=22 August 2023 |title=Šefčovič replaces Timmermans as EU Green Deal chief |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/frans-timmermans-quit-eu-climate-chief-return-dutch-politics/ |access-date=31 December 2023 |website=[[Politico Europe]] }}</ref> and [[Teresa Ribera]] in 2024. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Clár LIFE == [[Íomhá:Logolife.jpg | mion | 200px | Lógó LIFE]] '' '''Clár LIFE'''<ref name=iate /> (Fraincis: ''L’Instrument Financier pour l’Environnement'') has been the [[Aontas Eorpach]]'s funding instrument for the environment and climate action since 1992. The general objective of LIFE is to contribute to the implementation, updating and development of EU environmental and climate policy and legislation by co-financing projects with European added value. Thosaigh LIFE sa bhliain 1992 agus tá cúig chéim sa chlár go dtí an am seo (2026): * LIFE I: 1992–1995 " LIFE II: 1996–1999 * LIFE III: 2000–2006 * LIFE+: 2007–2013 * LIFE 2014–2020 * LIFE 2021-2027 (reatha) '' Suas go 2021, bhí tuairim is 4600 tionscadal chomh-mhaoinithe ag LIFE ar fud na hEorpa, agus €6.5 billiún caite chun an timpeallacht agus an aeráid a chaomhnú. Sa chéim reatha (2021–2027), tá mollta €5.45 billion ag an [[an Coimisiún Eorpach|gCoimisiún]].<ref name=stair /> Tá Clár LIFE faoi bhainistíocht ag [[Directorate-General for the Environment|DG Environment]], [[Directorate-General for Climate Action|DG Climate Action]] agus [[Directorate-General for Energy|DG Energy]]. ''The Coimisiún delegated the implementation of many components of the LIFE programme to the [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EASME / EISMEA) go dtí mí Márta 2021, agus don {{h|Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol}} (CINEA) ó shin i leith. ''External selection, monitoring and communication teams provide assistance to the Commission and CINEA. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/iiii/ga | teideal = Téarma: | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 02-08-2026}}</ref> <ref name=stair>{{lua idirlín | url = https://ec.europa.eu/easme/en/section/life/life-history-life | teideal = History of LIFE | dátarochtana = 14 Bealtaine 2020 | foilsitheoir = EASME / EISMEA}}</ref> }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir:An tAontas Eorpach agus an comhshaol]] [[Catagóir:Coimisiún Eorpach]] == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde == | headquarters = [[an Bhruiséil]], [[an Bheilg]] | leader_name = Marc Tachelet Is [[gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|gníomhaireacht feidhmiúcháin]] an [[an Coimisiún Eorpach|Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde'''<ref name=iate /> (Béarla: ''European Research Executive Agency'' ('''REA'''). '' Established in 2007, it manages parts of the European Union's research and innovation programmes, including [[Horizon Europe]] and the [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]], and provides administrative support for EU-funded research projects.<ref name=about /><ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Stair '' The agency was established by the European Commission on 14 December 2007 to implement parts of the [[Seventh Framework Programme]].<ref name=CELEX:32008D0046 /> Its mandate was extended in 2013 to manage significant parts of [[Horizon 2020]], the EU's framework programme for research and innovation for 2014–2020.<ref name=CELEX:32013D0778 /> '' In 2021, the Commission renewed the agency's mandate for the 2021–2027 financial period through Implementing Decision (EU) 2021/173, under which the REA became one of six executive agencies responsible for implementing programmes funded under the EU budget.<ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Freagrachtaí '' Since 2021, the REA has managed parts of several European Union programmes, including: * [[Fís Eorpach]], particularly: ** [[Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions]] ** Research infrastructures ** Cnuasach 2: Culture, Creativity and Inclusive Society ** Cnuasach 3: Civil Security for Society ** Cnuasach 6: Food, Bioeconomy, Natural Resources, Agriculture and Environment ** Widening participation and spreading excellence ** Reforming and enhancing the European research and innovation system * [[Fís 2020]] * Promotion of agricultural products * [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]] '' The agency also manages the Commission's [[Research Enquiry Service]], coordinates the evaluation of research proposals by independent experts, provides administrative support to beneficiaries of EU funding programmes, and carries out legal and financial validation of grants and procurement procedures.<ref name=resp /> == Rialtas '' The REA is an executive agency of the European Commission and operates under the supervision of the Commission. It is headed by a director and overseen by a steering committee composed of representatives of the Commission departments responsible for the programmes managed by the agency.<ref name=org /> == Buiséad '' For the 2021–2027 programming period, the REA manages approximately €22.7&nbsp;billion in EU funding. During the [[Horizon 2020]] programme (2014–2020), it managed around €17&nbsp;billion, compared with €6.4&nbsp;billion under the [[Seventh Framework Programme]] (2007–2013).<ref name=about /> == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/3591743/ga | teideal = Téarma: an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32021D0173>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32021D0173 | teideal = Cinneadh Cur Chun Feidhme (AE) 2021/173 ón gCoimisiún an 12 Feabhra 2021 lena mbunaítear ... '''an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde''' ... | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32008D0046>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32008D0046 | teideal = 2008/46/EC: Commission Decision of 14 December 2007 setting up the Research Executive Agency for the management of certain areas of the specific Community programmes People, Capacities and Cooperation in the field of research in application of Council Regulation (EC) No 58/2003 | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32013D0778>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32013D0778 | teideal = Decision No 778/2013/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 August 2013 providing further macro-financial assistance to Georgia | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=about>{{lua idirlín | teideal = About REA | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_en |publisher=European Commission | dátarochtana = 26 Meitheamh 2026}}</ref> <ref name=resp>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Responsibilities | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us/what-we-do_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> <ref name=org>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Organisation | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> }} [[Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde == {{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} | location = [[an Bhruiséil]] '' The í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde''' (Béarla: '''European Research Council''' ('''ERC''')) is a public body for funding of scientific and technological research conducted within the [[European Union]] (EU). Established a bhliain 2007, the ERC is composed of an independent Scientific Council, its governing body consisting of distinguished researchers, and an Executive Agency, in charge of the implementation. It forms part of the framework programme of the union dedicated to research and innovation, [[Horizon 2020]], preceded by the [[Seventh Research Framework Programme]] (FP7). '' The ERC budget was over €13 billion from 2014 – 2020 and comes from the [[Horizon 2020]] programme, a part of the European Union's budget. Under Horizon 2020 it is estimated that around 7,000 ERC grantees will be funded and 42,000 team members supported, including 11,000 doctoral students and almost 16,000 post-doctoral researchers. The ERC awards to individuals are widely considered to be either among the most, or else the most prestigious grant for academics in Europe. <ref>{{cite news |last1=Amos |first1=Jonathan |title=European research goes for gold |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/mobile/science/nature/6399157.stm |access-date=16 May 2025 |agency=BBC |date=27 February 2007}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=Boe |first1=Mariangela |title=Striving for excellence with ERC funding |url=https://yerun.eu/2024/09/striving-for-excellence-with-erc-funding/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Yerun |date=24 September 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=matthews |first1=niall |title=Prestigious European Research Council award successes for Irish-based researchers |url=https://www.researchireland.ie/news/european-research-council-award-irish-based-researchers/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Research Ireland |date=5 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Frontier-led research, the ERC and the role of university communities in securing their future |url=https://www.the-guild.eu/news-and-blog/news/2017/1frontier-led-research-the-erc-and-the-role-of-univ.html |website=The Guild |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Increasing your researchers' chances of winning ERC grants {{!}} EURAXESS |url=https://www.euraxess.me/montenegro/news/increasing-your-researchers-chances-winning-erc-grants |website=www.euraxess.me |access-date=16 May 2025 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=An introduction to ERC Starting and Consolidator Grants |url=https://worldfactory.de/veranstaltungen/details/an-introduction-to-erc-starting-and-consolidator-grants-345 |website=worldfactory.de |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> '' Researchers from any field can compete for the grants that support pioneering projects. The ERC competitions are open to top researchers also from outside the union. The average success rate is about 12%. <ref>{{Citation| title=basic statistics for ERC funding activities| date=22 February 2017| url=http://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| access-date=12 October 2012| archive-date=2 October 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002070911/https://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| url-status=live}}</ref> Five ERC grantees have won Nobel Prizes. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|title=ERA Portal Austria – Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine goes to two ERC grantees|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=8 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308013059/https://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|title=ERC starting grant holder wins Nobel physics prize – Science-Business|website=sciencebusiness.net|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=2 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230902160227/https://sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |title=ERC grant holder awarded Nobel Prize in physics &#124; Idconsortium Consultoria Investigación + Desarrollo + Innovación (I+D+i) |access-date=2015-09-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304130551/http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |archive-date=4 March 2016 }}</ref> Grant applications are assessed by qualified experts. Excellence is the sole criterion for selection; there are neither thematic priorities, nor geographical quotas for funding. The aim is to recognise the best ideas, and confer status and visibility to the best research in Europe, while also attracting talent from abroad. '' Along with national funding bodies, the ERC aims to improve the climate for European frontier research. The Scientific Council has been keen to learn from the ERC's peers in national research councils (European and overseas) and to engage in dialogue and appropriate collaboration. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir: Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Tíreolaíocht == [[Réigiún na Teorann]] === Geografaíocht fhisiceach [[Íomhá:Glencar waterfall01.jpg| thumb | 170px | [[Loch Ghleann an Chairthe|Eas Ghleann an Chairthe]], Liatroim]] '' The region encompasses the entire northwest coast of Ireland along the [[an tAigéan Atlantach]]. Two of Ireland's longest rivers, [[an tSionainn]] and the [[an Éirne]], agus an [[Uiscebhealach na Sionainne is na hÉirne]] eatarthu. Cavan and Monaghan in the east of the region are characterized by a drumlin landscape, with hundreds of loughs interspersed between. [[Loch Aillionn]] in Leitrim is the region's largest lake, at 35 km². '' The west of the region, from [[Teallach Eathach]], County Cavan, to the Atlantic coast is largely rocky and mountainous, with coastal cliffs but also beaches in counties Sligo, Donegal and Leitrim. Leitrim has the smallest coastline of any county, at just 5&nbsp;km in length, while Donegal has the longest, at 1,134&nbsp;km. === Foraoiseacht '' there is a total of 130,345 ha of forest and woodland cover in the Border Region, equating to 11.3% of the region's land area, the national average.<ref name=govagri2017 /> '' Traditionally, the region had a very low cover forest and planting schemes were undertaken by the Department of Agriculture or [[Comhlachtaí státurraithe na hÉireann|comhlachtaí státurraithe]] such as [[Coillte]]. County Leitrim is now Ireland's most forested county at 18.9% forest cover. However, over 50% of Leitrim's forests are in private ownership.<ref name=govagri2006 /> === Aeráid '' Under [[Aicmiú aeráide Köppen]], the region experiences a maritime [[aeráid mheasartha]] [[aeráid aigéanach]], meaning cool winters, mild humid summers, and a lack of temperature extremes. Summer daytime temperatures range between 15°C agus 22°C, rarely going beyond 25°C. While the region generally experiences mild winters, upland areas typically have snow. Humidity is high year round and rainfall ranges from ~1,250&nbsp;mm ([[Marcréidh]], Sligeach) to ~1,000&nbsp;mm ([[Béal Átha hÉis]], Cabhán), evenly distributed throughout the year. <ref name=metclimate /> === Geolaíocht [[Íomhá: Benbulben2.jpg | thumb | 200px | [[Binn Ghulbain]], Contae Shligigh]] '' There are many large mountain ranges and high sea cliffs in the region, such as the [[Sléibhte Dhoire Bheatha]], [[Sliabh Liag]], the [[Binn Chuilceach]] agus [[Binn Ghulbain]]. The region is generally underlain by [[an tOrdaivíseach]] and [[an Siolúrach]] sceallaí agus gréabhacaí, laid down 417-495 million years ago. These are found in eastern Cavan and Monaghan. The bedrock of western Cavan, Leitrim and Sligo is composed mostly of [[carbónmhar]] limestones that were laid roughly 355 million years ago. However, a 1.5 billion year old narrow strip of metamorphosed gneisses extend across Sligo near [[Sliabh Gamh]].<ref name=geocavan /><ref name=geosligo /> '' County Donegal has one of the most complex geologies in Ireland. Much of the county is underlain by [[Réamhchaimbriach]] gneiss, schist and quartzite, laid down during the Grenvillian Orogeny 700 million years ago. The Border Region's highest point, [[An Earagail]], at 751 m, is composed of Precambrian quartzite. '' Ireland's oldest rocks, laid down 1.78 billion years ago, are found on the island of [[Inis Trá Tholl]].<ref name=gsi /> Inis Trá Tholl is Ireland's most northerly island, located approximately 10&nbsp;km north of [[Cionn Mhálanna]], mainland Ireland's most northerly point. '' [[Loch Súilí]] in Donegal is one of Ireland's three fjords. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Buntásc == __NOINDEX__ __NOTOC__ b4hqccg2ya8g9u40iy1u68wjodvukq7 1322719 1322718 2026-08-05T17:59:19Z Marcas.oduinn 33120 1322719 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ceanntásc == (an t)Údarás um..., (an) G(h)níomhaireacht um... (an) Comhbheartas Talmhaíochta. Cé acu sa teideal? Féach: * [http://www.gaois.ie gaois.ie]. * ''Wikidata list'' [[Úsáideoir:Marcas.oduinn/Clár Dubh/Wikidata list/Contaetha na hÉireann#Réigiún na hÉireann|Réigiúin na hÉireann]]. === Réigiún === {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top;" ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin NUTS |- | style="text-align:center" | [[Íomhá:IrelandRegions.png | center]] | align=center | [[Íomhá:NUTS3 Boundaries Ireland.png | center]] |- | style="vertical-align:top;" | Réigiúin na hÉireann: * (A) Tuaisceart * (B) Iarthar * (C) Iardheisceart * (D) Oirdheisceart * (E) Oirthear [BÁC] * (F) [[Lár na Tíre (Éire)]] | style="vertical-align:top;" | '''Réigiúin''' NUTS 3 na hÉireann: * [[Réigiún na Teorann|Teorainn]] * [[Réigiún an Iarthair|Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún Lár na Tíre|Lár na Tíre]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Oirthir|Lár-Oirthear]] * [[Réigiún Bhaile Átha Cliath|Baile Átha Cliath]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Iarthair|Lár-Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún an Oirdheiscirt|Oirdheisceart]] * [[Réigiún an Iardheiscirt|Iardheisceart]] |} {| |- | [[Íomhá:Newborderregionboundary.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Border region.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map West region.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map Midlands.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid East Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Mid-East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Island_of_Ireland_location_map_Dublin.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:SE Region Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map South East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map South West.svg | 80px]] |} === Acrainm === * [[Aicmiú Comhchoiteann na nAonad Críche maidir le Staidreamh|NUTS]] - Acáise * [[Comhordú an Eolais ar an Timpeallacht|CORINE]] - Ceolta * [[CORDIS]] - SeoTaifeach * [[Inter-Active Terminology for Europe|IATE]] - Tighe == Eile == {{tl|Gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|state=collapsed}} * [[Gníomhaireacht Sábháilteachta Eitlíochta an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2002), [[Institiúid Eorpach um Nuálaíocht agus Teicneolaíocht]] (2008), [[Comhlacht na Rialálaithe Eorpacha um Chumarsáid Leictreonach]] (BEREC) (2009) &leftarrow; (BEREC Office) - [[Gníomhaireacht Tacaíochta BEREC]] (2018), [[an tÚdarás um Páirtithe Polaitiúla Eorpacha agus um Fhondúireachtaí Polaitiúla Eorpacha]] (2016), [[EU-CyCLONe]] (2020), [[Údarás Custaim an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2026) * [[:Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EISMEA), an [[Lárionad Eorpach Inniúlachta um Thionsclaíocht, Teicneolaíocht agus Taighde Cibearshlándála]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Oideachas agus Cultúr]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol]] (CINEA) # ''[[:en:European Research Executive Agency|Research]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:European Research Council Executive Agency|Research Council]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development|Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development]] - [[Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch]] # ''[[:en:European Green Deal|European Green Deal]]'' - <s>an [[Comhaontú Glas Don Eoraip]]=</s>an[[Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip]] (&rightarrow; [[Dlí Athchóirithe Nádúir an Aontais Eorpaigh]]) #* [[Fís Eorpach]] # ''[[:en:LIFE Programme|LIFE Programme]]'' - [[Clár LIFE]] == Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch == '' The '''Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development''', also called '''Framework Programmes''' or abbreviated '''FP1''' to '''FP9''', are funding programmes created by the [[Aontas Eorpach]]/[[Coimisiún Eorpach]] to support and foster research in the [[European Research Area]] (ERA). Starting in 2014, the funding programmes were named '''Horizon'''. '' The funding programmes began in 1984 and continue to the present day. The most recent programme, [[Fís Eorpach]], has a budget of 95.5 billion Euros to be distributed over seven years. '' The specific objectives and actions vary between funding periods. In FP6 and FP7, focus was on technological research. In [[Fís 2020]], the focus was on innovation, delivering economic growth faster, and delivering solutions to end users that are often governmental agencies. == Stair Conducting European research policies and implementing European research programmes is an obligation under the [[Conradh Amstardam]], which includes a chapter on research and technological development. The programmes are defined by commission civil servants who are aided by various official advisory group and lobby groups. To advise the an Coimisiún Eorpach on the overall strategy to be followed in carrying out the Information and Communication Technology thematic priority, the Information Society Technologies Advisory Group (ISTAG) was set up. <ref name=:0>{{lua idirlín | url = http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | teideal = ISTAG website | foilsitheoir = cordis.lu | dáta = 20 Deireadh Fómhair 2011 | dátarochtana = 29 Samhain 2011 | archive-date=26 April 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060426010836/http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | url-status=dead}}</ref> == The framework programmes '' The framework programmes, up until Framework Programme 6 (FP6), covered five-year periods; but from Framework Programme 7 (FP7) onward, programmes run for seven years. The Framework Programmes, and their budgets in billions of Euros, are presented in the table below. <ref name=>Artis, M. J. and F. Nixson, Eds. "The Economics of the European Union: Policy and Analysis" (4th ed.), Oxford University Press 2007</ref> For FP1–FP5, program expenditures were made in [[Aonad Airgeadra Eorpach]]; from FP6 onward budgets were in Euros. The values presented below are in Euros. {| class="wikitable" |- ! ID !! Framework programme !! Period !! Budget (billion €) |- | FP1 || First <ref name=cead>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31983Y0804(01) Council resolution of 25 July 1983 on framework programmes for Community research, development and demonstration activities and a first framework programme 1984 to 1987]; OJ C208 – 04/08/1983; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1984–1987 || 3.8 |- | FP2 || Second <ref name=dara>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31987D0516 Council Decision of 28 September 1987 concerning the framework programme for Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1987 to 1991)]; OJ L302 – 24 October 1987; 87/516/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1987–1991 || 5.4 |- | FP3 || Third <ref name=triu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31990D0221 Council Decision of 23 April 1990 concerning the framework Programme of Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1990 to 1994)]; OJ L117 – 08/05/1990; 90/221/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1990–1994 || 6.6 |- | FP4 || Fourth <ref name=ceathru>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31994D1110 Decision No 1110/94/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 April 1994 concerning the fourth framework programme of the European Community activities in the field of research and technological development and demonstration]; OJ L126 – 18 May 1994; No 1110/94/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1994–1998 || 13.2 |- | FP5 || Fifth <ref name=cuigiu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31999D0182 Decision No 182/1999/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 December 1998 concerning the fifth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (1998 to 2002)]; OJ L26 – 01/02/1999; No 182/1999/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1998–2002 || 15.0 |- | FP6 || Sixth <ref name=seu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32002D1513 Decision No 1513/2002/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2002 concerning the sixth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities, contributing to the creation of the European Research Area and to innovation (2002 to 2006)]; OJ L232 – 29 August 2002; No 1513/2002/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 2002–2006 || 16.3 |- | FP7 || Seventh || 2007–2013 || 50.5 over seven years<br />+ 2.7 for [[Euratom]] over five years <ref name=fp7>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/fp7/understanding/fp7inbrief/structure_en.html |title= How is FP 7 structured? from FP7 in Brief | foilsitheoir = European Commission | dátarochtana = 31 Iúil 2011}}</ref> |- | FP8 || [[Fís 2020]] (ochtú) <ref name=Cordis2020>{{lua idirlín | teideal = The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_ga.cfm?pg=h2020 | dátarochtana = 19 Iúil 2012}}</ref> || 2014–2020 || 77 <ref name=>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/horizon2020/document.cfm?doc_id=17607 | retail = Research and innovation funding: making a real difference | dáta =2016|website=European Commission |dátarochtana = 30 Eanáir 2018}}</ref> |- | FP9 || [[Fís Eorpach]] <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |last=Cordis|title=The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation|url=http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_en.cfm?pg=h2020https://ec.europa.eu/info/horizon-europe-next-research-and-innovation-framework-programme_en|access-date=15 August 2019}}</ref> || 2021–2027 || 95.5 <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/funding/funding-opportunities/funding-programmes-and-open-calls/horizon-europe_en | title=Horizon Europe | date=22 December 2025 }}</ref> <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://eufunds.me/what-is-the-budget-of-horizon-europe/ | title=What is the budget of Horizon Europe? | date=6 May 2021 }}</ref> |- | FP10 | Horizon Europe | 2028-2034 | 175 (''proposal'') <ref name=>{{Cite web |title=EU budget 2028-2034 |url=https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/eu-budget/long-term-eu-budget/eu-budget-2028-2034_en |access-date=2025-07-22 |website=commission.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> |} == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip == [[File:CO2_emissions_EU.svg|thumb|Development of CO₂ emissions in the [[European Union]]]] [[File:Co-emissions-per-capita (2).png|thumb|CO₂ emissions per capita in the European Union]] [[File:CO2 emission pie chart.svg|thumb|Global [[List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions|carbon dioxide emissions]] by jurisdiction, 2023]] '' The '''European Green Deal''', approved in 2020, is a set of policy initiatives by the [[European Commission]] with the overarching aim of making the [[European Union]] (EU) [[Net-zero emissions|climate neutral]] in 2050.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/the-commissions-green-deal-plan-unveiled/|title=Europe's Green Deal plan unveiled | last1=Tamma|first1=Paola|last2=Schaart|first2=Eline|date=11 December 2019|website=POLITICO|access-date=29 December 2019|last3=Gurzu|first3=Anca}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy-environment/news/eu-commission-unveils-european-green-deal-the-key-points/|title=EU Commission unveils 'European Green Deal': The key points|last=Simon|first=Frédéric|date=11 December 2019 | work =euractiv.com|access-date=29 December 2019}}</ref> The plan is to review each existing law on its climate merits, and also introduce new legislation on the [[circular economy]] (CE), [[building renovation]], [[biodiversity]], farming and [[innovation]].<ref name=":0" /> '' The president of the European Commission, [[Ursula von der Leyen]], stated that the European Green Deal would be Europe's "man on the moon moment".<ref name=":0"/> On 13 December 2019, the [[European Council]] decided to press ahead with the plan, with an opt-out for [[Poland]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/dec/13/european-green-deal-to-press-ahead-despite-polish-targets-opt-out|title=European Green Deal to press ahead despite Polish targets opt-out| sloinne =Rankin|first=Jennifer|date=13 December 2019|work=The Guardian|access-date=29 December 2019|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> On 15 January 2020, the [[European Parliament]] voted to support the deal as well, with requests for higher ambition.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.europeaninterest.eu/article/parliament-supports-european-green-deal/|title=Parliament supports European Green Deal|last=Benakis|first=Theodoros|date=15 January 2020|website=European Interest|access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref> A year later, the European Climate Law was passed, which legislated that [[greenhouse gas emissions]] should be 55% lower in 2030 compared to 1990. The [[Fit for 55]] package is a large set of proposed legislation detailing how the European Union plans to reach this target.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Climate-change-law-in-Europe-what-do-new-EU-climate-laws-mean-for-the-courts.pdf |title=Climate change law in Europe: What do new EU climate laws mean for the courts? |last1=Higham |first1=Catherine |last2=Setzer |first2=Joana |date=March 2023 |publisher=[[Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment]] |page=3 |last3=Narulla |first3=Harj |last4=Bradeen |first4=Emily |access-date=2 April 2023}}</ref> ETS2 is the new [[European Union Emissions Trading System|EU Emissions Trading System]] that will enter into force in 2027 and, for the first time in history, will set a price for CO2 emissions from fuels used in the building and road transport sectors.<ref name="ETS2"/> '' The [[European Commission]]'s climate change strategy, launched in 2020, is focused on a promise to make Europe a [[Carbon neutrality|net-zero]] emitter of [[greenhouse gas]]es by 2050 and to demonstrate that economies will develop without increasing resource usage. However, the Green Deal has measures to ensure that nations that are already reliant on [[fossil fuels]] are not left behind in the transition to renewable energy.<ref>{{Cite web|title=International investors enter Poland renewable energy market after rule change|url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/poland-renewable-energy|access-date=20 May 2021|website=European Investment Bank}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Unconventional Mitigation|url=https://www.swp-berlin.org/10.18449/2020RP08/|access-date=20 May 2021|journal=SWP Research Paper|year=2020|doi=10.18449/2020RP08|last1=Geden|first1=Oliver|last2=Schenuit|first2=Felix|author3=Stiftung Wissenschaft Und Politik}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=€33 trillion investor group: strong EU climate targets key to economic recovery & future growth|website=IIGCC|url=https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/|access-date=20 May 2021|archive-date=9 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230109195100/https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/}}</ref> The green transition is a top priority for Europe. The EU member states want to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030 from 1990 levels, and become climate neutral by 2050.<ref name="eib.org">{{Cite web |title=Europe needs to forge ahead with renewable energy |url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/renewable-energy-europe-africa |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=European Investment Bank}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Fit for 55 |url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/green-deal/fit-for-55-the-eu-plan-for-a-green-transition/ |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=consilium.europa.eu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Jaeger |first1=Carlo |last2=Mielke |first2=Jahel |last3=Schütze |first3=Franziska |last4=Teitge |first4=Jonas |last5=Wolf |first5=Sarah |date=2021 |title=The European Green Deal – More Than Climate Neutrality |url=https://www.intereconomics.eu/contents/year/2021/number/2/article/the-european-green-deal-more-than-climate-neutrality.html |journal=Intereconomics |volume=2021 |issue=2 |pages=99–107}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Net Zero Coalition |url=https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/net-zero-coalition |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=United Nations}}</ref> '' Von der Leyen appointed [[Frans Timmermans]] as Executive Vice President of the European Commission for the European Green Deal in 2019. He was succeeded by [[Maroš Šefčovič]] in 2023,<ref name="climateaction">{{Cite web |last1=Mathiesen |first1=Karl |last2=Weise |first2=Zia |last3=Lynch |first3=Suzanne |date=22 August 2023 |title=Šefčovič replaces Timmermans as EU Green Deal chief |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/frans-timmermans-quit-eu-climate-chief-return-dutch-politics/ |access-date=31 December 2023 |website=[[Politico Europe]] }}</ref> and [[Teresa Ribera]] in 2024. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Clár LIFE == [[Íomhá:Logolife.jpg | mion | 200px | Lógó LIFE]] Is ionstraim maoinithe an [[Aontas Eorpach|Aontais Eorpaigh]] é '''Clár LIFE'''<ref name=iate /> (Fraincis: ''L’Instrument Financier pour l’Environnement'') le haghaidh ghníomh timpeallachta agus aeráide. Thosaigh LIFE sa bhliain 1992 agus tá cúig chéim sa chlár go dtí an am seo (2026): * LIFE I: 1992–1995 * LIFE II: 1996–1999 * LIFE III: 2000–2006 * LIFE+: 2007–2013 * LIFE 2014–2020 * LIFE 2021-2027 (reatha) '' Suas go 2021, bhí tuairim is 4600 tionscadal chomh-mhaoinithe ag LIFE ar fud na hEorpa, agus €6.5 billiún caite chun an timpeallacht agus an aeráid a chaomhnú. Sa chéim reatha (2021–2027), tá mollta €5.45 billion ag an [[an Coimisiún Eorpach|gCoimisiún]].<ref name=stair /> Tá Clár LIFE faoi bhainistíocht ag [[Directorate-General for the Environment|DG Environment]], [[Directorate-General for Climate Action|DG Climate Action]] agus [[Directorate-General for Energy|DG Energy]]. D'fhág an Coimisiún delegated an-chuid den Chlár LIFE faoin na[[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EASME / EISMEA) go dtí mí Márta 2021, agus faoin na[[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol]] (CINEA) ó shin i leith. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/iiii/ga | teideal = Téarma: | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 02-08-2026}}</ref> <ref name=stair>{{lua idirlín | url = https://ec.europa.eu/easme/en/section/life/life-history-life | teideal = History of LIFE | dátarochtana = 14 Bealtaine 2020 | foilsitheoir = EASME / EISMEA}}</ref> }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir:An tAontas Eorpach agus an comhshaol]] [[Catagóir:Coimisiún Eorpach]] == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde == | headquarters = [[an Bhruiséil]], [[an Bheilg]] | leader_name = Marc Tachelet Is [[gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|gníomhaireacht feidhmiúcháin]] an [[an Coimisiún Eorpach|Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde'''<ref name=iate /> (Béarla: ''European Research Executive Agency'' ('''REA'''). '' Established in 2007, it manages parts of the European Union's research and innovation programmes, including [[Horizon Europe]] and the [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]], and provides administrative support for EU-funded research projects.<ref name=about /><ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Stair '' The agency was established by the European Commission on 14 December 2007 to implement parts of the [[Seventh Framework Programme]].<ref name=CELEX:32008D0046 /> Its mandate was extended in 2013 to manage significant parts of [[Horizon 2020]], the EU's framework programme for research and innovation for 2014–2020.<ref name=CELEX:32013D0778 /> '' In 2021, the Commission renewed the agency's mandate for the 2021–2027 financial period through Implementing Decision (EU) 2021/173, under which the REA became one of six executive agencies responsible for implementing programmes funded under the EU budget.<ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Freagrachtaí '' Since 2021, the REA has managed parts of several European Union programmes, including: * [[Fís Eorpach]], particularly: ** [[Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions]] ** Research infrastructures ** Cnuasach 2: Culture, Creativity and Inclusive Society ** Cnuasach 3: Civil Security for Society ** Cnuasach 6: Food, Bioeconomy, Natural Resources, Agriculture and Environment ** Widening participation and spreading excellence ** Reforming and enhancing the European research and innovation system * [[Fís 2020]] * Promotion of agricultural products * [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]] '' The agency also manages the Commission's [[Research Enquiry Service]], coordinates the evaluation of research proposals by independent experts, provides administrative support to beneficiaries of EU funding programmes, and carries out legal and financial validation of grants and procurement procedures.<ref name=resp /> == Rialtas '' The REA is an executive agency of the European Commission and operates under the supervision of the Commission. It is headed by a director and overseen by a steering committee composed of representatives of the Commission departments responsible for the programmes managed by the agency.<ref name=org /> == Buiséad '' For the 2021–2027 programming period, the REA manages approximately €22.7&nbsp;billion in EU funding. During the [[Horizon 2020]] programme (2014–2020), it managed around €17&nbsp;billion, compared with €6.4&nbsp;billion under the [[Seventh Framework Programme]] (2007–2013).<ref name=about /> == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/3591743/ga | teideal = Téarma: an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32021D0173>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32021D0173 | teideal = Cinneadh Cur Chun Feidhme (AE) 2021/173 ón gCoimisiún an 12 Feabhra 2021 lena mbunaítear ... '''an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde''' ... | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32008D0046>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32008D0046 | teideal = 2008/46/EC: Commission Decision of 14 December 2007 setting up the Research Executive Agency for the management of certain areas of the specific Community programmes People, Capacities and Cooperation in the field of research in application of Council Regulation (EC) No 58/2003 | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32013D0778>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32013D0778 | teideal = Decision No 778/2013/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 August 2013 providing further macro-financial assistance to Georgia | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=about>{{lua idirlín | teideal = About REA | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_en |publisher=European Commission | dátarochtana = 26 Meitheamh 2026}}</ref> <ref name=resp>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Responsibilities | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us/what-we-do_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> <ref name=org>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Organisation | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> }} [[Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde == {{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} | location = [[an Bhruiséil]] '' The í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde''' (Béarla: '''European Research Council''' ('''ERC''')) is a public body for funding of scientific and technological research conducted within the [[European Union]] (EU). Established a bhliain 2007, the ERC is composed of an independent Scientific Council, its governing body consisting of distinguished researchers, and an Executive Agency, in charge of the implementation. It forms part of the framework programme of the union dedicated to research and innovation, [[Horizon 2020]], preceded by the [[Seventh Research Framework Programme]] (FP7). '' The ERC budget was over €13 billion from 2014 – 2020 and comes from the [[Horizon 2020]] programme, a part of the European Union's budget. Under Horizon 2020 it is estimated that around 7,000 ERC grantees will be funded and 42,000 team members supported, including 11,000 doctoral students and almost 16,000 post-doctoral researchers. The ERC awards to individuals are widely considered to be either among the most, or else the most prestigious grant for academics in Europe. <ref>{{cite news |last1=Amos |first1=Jonathan |title=European research goes for gold |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/mobile/science/nature/6399157.stm |access-date=16 May 2025 |agency=BBC |date=27 February 2007}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=Boe |first1=Mariangela |title=Striving for excellence with ERC funding |url=https://yerun.eu/2024/09/striving-for-excellence-with-erc-funding/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Yerun |date=24 September 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=matthews |first1=niall |title=Prestigious European Research Council award successes for Irish-based researchers |url=https://www.researchireland.ie/news/european-research-council-award-irish-based-researchers/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Research Ireland |date=5 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Frontier-led research, the ERC and the role of university communities in securing their future |url=https://www.the-guild.eu/news-and-blog/news/2017/1frontier-led-research-the-erc-and-the-role-of-univ.html |website=The Guild |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Increasing your researchers' chances of winning ERC grants {{!}} EURAXESS |url=https://www.euraxess.me/montenegro/news/increasing-your-researchers-chances-winning-erc-grants |website=www.euraxess.me |access-date=16 May 2025 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=An introduction to ERC Starting and Consolidator Grants |url=https://worldfactory.de/veranstaltungen/details/an-introduction-to-erc-starting-and-consolidator-grants-345 |website=worldfactory.de |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> '' Researchers from any field can compete for the grants that support pioneering projects. The ERC competitions are open to top researchers also from outside the union. The average success rate is about 12%. <ref>{{Citation| title=basic statistics for ERC funding activities| date=22 February 2017| url=http://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| access-date=12 October 2012| archive-date=2 October 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002070911/https://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| url-status=live}}</ref> Five ERC grantees have won Nobel Prizes. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|title=ERA Portal Austria – Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine goes to two ERC grantees|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=8 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308013059/https://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|title=ERC starting grant holder wins Nobel physics prize – Science-Business|website=sciencebusiness.net|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=2 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230902160227/https://sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |title=ERC grant holder awarded Nobel Prize in physics &#124; Idconsortium Consultoria Investigación + Desarrollo + Innovación (I+D+i) |access-date=2015-09-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304130551/http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |archive-date=4 March 2016 }}</ref> Grant applications are assessed by qualified experts. Excellence is the sole criterion for selection; there are neither thematic priorities, nor geographical quotas for funding. The aim is to recognise the best ideas, and confer status and visibility to the best research in Europe, while also attracting talent from abroad. '' Along with national funding bodies, the ERC aims to improve the climate for European frontier research. The Scientific Council has been keen to learn from the ERC's peers in national research councils (European and overseas) and to engage in dialogue and appropriate collaboration. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir: Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Tíreolaíocht == [[Réigiún na Teorann]] === Geografaíocht fhisiceach [[Íomhá:Glencar waterfall01.jpg| thumb | 170px | [[Loch Ghleann an Chairthe|Eas Ghleann an Chairthe]], Liatroim]] '' The region encompasses the entire northwest coast of Ireland along the [[an tAigéan Atlantach]]. Two of Ireland's longest rivers, [[an tSionainn]] and the [[an Éirne]], agus an [[Uiscebhealach na Sionainne is na hÉirne]] eatarthu. Cavan and Monaghan in the east of the region are characterized by a drumlin landscape, with hundreds of loughs interspersed between. [[Loch Aillionn]] in Leitrim is the region's largest lake, at 35 km². '' The west of the region, from [[Teallach Eathach]], County Cavan, to the Atlantic coast is largely rocky and mountainous, with coastal cliffs but also beaches in counties Sligo, Donegal and Leitrim. Leitrim has the smallest coastline of any county, at just 5&nbsp;km in length, while Donegal has the longest, at 1,134&nbsp;km. === Foraoiseacht '' there is a total of 130,345 ha of forest and woodland cover in the Border Region, equating to 11.3% of the region's land area, the national average.<ref name=govagri2017 /> '' Traditionally, the region had a very low cover forest and planting schemes were undertaken by the Department of Agriculture or [[Comhlachtaí státurraithe na hÉireann|comhlachtaí státurraithe]] such as [[Coillte]]. County Leitrim is now Ireland's most forested county at 18.9% forest cover. However, over 50% of Leitrim's forests are in private ownership.<ref name=govagri2006 /> === Aeráid '' Under [[Aicmiú aeráide Köppen]], the region experiences a maritime [[aeráid mheasartha]] [[aeráid aigéanach]], meaning cool winters, mild humid summers, and a lack of temperature extremes. Summer daytime temperatures range between 15°C agus 22°C, rarely going beyond 25°C. While the region generally experiences mild winters, upland areas typically have snow. Humidity is high year round and rainfall ranges from ~1,250&nbsp;mm ([[Marcréidh]], Sligeach) to ~1,000&nbsp;mm ([[Béal Átha hÉis]], Cabhán), evenly distributed throughout the year. <ref name=metclimate /> === Geolaíocht [[Íomhá: Benbulben2.jpg | thumb | 200px | [[Binn Ghulbain]], Contae Shligigh]] '' There are many large mountain ranges and high sea cliffs in the region, such as the [[Sléibhte Dhoire Bheatha]], [[Sliabh Liag]], the [[Binn Chuilceach]] agus [[Binn Ghulbain]]. The region is generally underlain by [[an tOrdaivíseach]] and [[an Siolúrach]] sceallaí agus gréabhacaí, laid down 417-495 million years ago. These are found in eastern Cavan and Monaghan. The bedrock of western Cavan, Leitrim and Sligo is composed mostly of [[carbónmhar]] limestones that were laid roughly 355 million years ago. However, a 1.5 billion year old narrow strip of metamorphosed gneisses extend across Sligo near [[Sliabh Gamh]].<ref name=geocavan /><ref name=geosligo /> '' County Donegal has one of the most complex geologies in Ireland. Much of the county is underlain by [[Réamhchaimbriach]] gneiss, schist and quartzite, laid down during the Grenvillian Orogeny 700 million years ago. The Border Region's highest point, [[An Earagail]], at 751 m, is composed of Precambrian quartzite. '' Ireland's oldest rocks, laid down 1.78 billion years ago, are found on the island of [[Inis Trá Tholl]].<ref name=gsi /> Inis Trá Tholl is Ireland's most northerly island, located approximately 10&nbsp;km north of [[Cionn Mhálanna]], mainland Ireland's most northerly point. '' [[Loch Súilí]] in Donegal is one of Ireland's three fjords. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Buntásc == __NOINDEX__ __NOTOC__ k353094ycuciulhfr5912mwa8pf1boy 1322720 1322719 2026-08-05T17:59:38Z Marcas.oduinn 33120 /* Clár LIFE */ 1322720 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ceanntásc == (an t)Údarás um..., (an) G(h)níomhaireacht um... (an) Comhbheartas Talmhaíochta. Cé acu sa teideal? Féach: * [http://www.gaois.ie gaois.ie]. * ''Wikidata list'' [[Úsáideoir:Marcas.oduinn/Clár Dubh/Wikidata list/Contaetha na hÉireann#Réigiún na hÉireann|Réigiúin na hÉireann]]. === Réigiún === {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top;" ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin NUTS |- | style="text-align:center" | [[Íomhá:IrelandRegions.png | center]] | align=center | [[Íomhá:NUTS3 Boundaries Ireland.png | center]] |- | style="vertical-align:top;" | Réigiúin na hÉireann: * (A) Tuaisceart * (B) Iarthar * (C) Iardheisceart * (D) Oirdheisceart * (E) Oirthear [BÁC] * (F) [[Lár na Tíre (Éire)]] | style="vertical-align:top;" | '''Réigiúin''' NUTS 3 na hÉireann: * [[Réigiún na Teorann|Teorainn]] * [[Réigiún an Iarthair|Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún Lár na Tíre|Lár na Tíre]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Oirthir|Lár-Oirthear]] * [[Réigiún Bhaile Átha Cliath|Baile Átha Cliath]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Iarthair|Lár-Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún an Oirdheiscirt|Oirdheisceart]] * [[Réigiún an Iardheiscirt|Iardheisceart]] |} {| |- | [[Íomhá:Newborderregionboundary.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Border region.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map West region.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map Midlands.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid East Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Mid-East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Island_of_Ireland_location_map_Dublin.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:SE Region Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map South East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map South West.svg | 80px]] |} === Acrainm === * [[Aicmiú Comhchoiteann na nAonad Críche maidir le Staidreamh|NUTS]] - Acáise * [[Comhordú an Eolais ar an Timpeallacht|CORINE]] - Ceolta * [[CORDIS]] - SeoTaifeach * [[Inter-Active Terminology for Europe|IATE]] - Tighe == Eile == {{tl|Gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|state=collapsed}} * [[Gníomhaireacht Sábháilteachta Eitlíochta an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2002), [[Institiúid Eorpach um Nuálaíocht agus Teicneolaíocht]] (2008), [[Comhlacht na Rialálaithe Eorpacha um Chumarsáid Leictreonach]] (BEREC) (2009) &leftarrow; (BEREC Office) - [[Gníomhaireacht Tacaíochta BEREC]] (2018), [[an tÚdarás um Páirtithe Polaitiúla Eorpacha agus um Fhondúireachtaí Polaitiúla Eorpacha]] (2016), [[EU-CyCLONe]] (2020), [[Údarás Custaim an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2026) * [[:Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EISMEA), an [[Lárionad Eorpach Inniúlachta um Thionsclaíocht, Teicneolaíocht agus Taighde Cibearshlándála]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Oideachas agus Cultúr]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol]] (CINEA) # ''[[:en:European Research Executive Agency|Research]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:European Research Council Executive Agency|Research Council]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development|Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development]] - [[Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch]] # ''[[:en:European Green Deal|European Green Deal]]'' - <s>an [[Comhaontú Glas Don Eoraip]]=</s>an[[Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip]] (&rightarrow; [[Dlí Athchóirithe Nádúir an Aontais Eorpaigh]]) #* [[Fís Eorpach]] # ''[[:en:LIFE Programme|LIFE Programme]]'' - [[Clár LIFE]] == Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch == '' The '''Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development''', also called '''Framework Programmes''' or abbreviated '''FP1''' to '''FP9''', are funding programmes created by the [[Aontas Eorpach]]/[[Coimisiún Eorpach]] to support and foster research in the [[European Research Area]] (ERA). Starting in 2014, the funding programmes were named '''Horizon'''. '' The funding programmes began in 1984 and continue to the present day. The most recent programme, [[Fís Eorpach]], has a budget of 95.5 billion Euros to be distributed over seven years. '' The specific objectives and actions vary between funding periods. In FP6 and FP7, focus was on technological research. In [[Fís 2020]], the focus was on innovation, delivering economic growth faster, and delivering solutions to end users that are often governmental agencies. == Stair Conducting European research policies and implementing European research programmes is an obligation under the [[Conradh Amstardam]], which includes a chapter on research and technological development. The programmes are defined by commission civil servants who are aided by various official advisory group and lobby groups. To advise the an Coimisiún Eorpach on the overall strategy to be followed in carrying out the Information and Communication Technology thematic priority, the Information Society Technologies Advisory Group (ISTAG) was set up. <ref name=:0>{{lua idirlín | url = http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | teideal = ISTAG website | foilsitheoir = cordis.lu | dáta = 20 Deireadh Fómhair 2011 | dátarochtana = 29 Samhain 2011 | archive-date=26 April 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060426010836/http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | url-status=dead}}</ref> == The framework programmes '' The framework programmes, up until Framework Programme 6 (FP6), covered five-year periods; but from Framework Programme 7 (FP7) onward, programmes run for seven years. The Framework Programmes, and their budgets in billions of Euros, are presented in the table below. <ref name=>Artis, M. J. and F. Nixson, Eds. "The Economics of the European Union: Policy and Analysis" (4th ed.), Oxford University Press 2007</ref> For FP1–FP5, program expenditures were made in [[Aonad Airgeadra Eorpach]]; from FP6 onward budgets were in Euros. The values presented below are in Euros. {| class="wikitable" |- ! ID !! Framework programme !! Period !! Budget (billion €) |- | FP1 || First <ref name=cead>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31983Y0804(01) Council resolution of 25 July 1983 on framework programmes for Community research, development and demonstration activities and a first framework programme 1984 to 1987]; OJ C208 – 04/08/1983; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1984–1987 || 3.8 |- | FP2 || Second <ref name=dara>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31987D0516 Council Decision of 28 September 1987 concerning the framework programme for Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1987 to 1991)]; OJ L302 – 24 October 1987; 87/516/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1987–1991 || 5.4 |- | FP3 || Third <ref name=triu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31990D0221 Council Decision of 23 April 1990 concerning the framework Programme of Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1990 to 1994)]; OJ L117 – 08/05/1990; 90/221/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1990–1994 || 6.6 |- | FP4 || Fourth <ref name=ceathru>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31994D1110 Decision No 1110/94/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 April 1994 concerning the fourth framework programme of the European Community activities in the field of research and technological development and demonstration]; OJ L126 – 18 May 1994; No 1110/94/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1994–1998 || 13.2 |- | FP5 || Fifth <ref name=cuigiu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31999D0182 Decision No 182/1999/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 December 1998 concerning the fifth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (1998 to 2002)]; OJ L26 – 01/02/1999; No 182/1999/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1998–2002 || 15.0 |- | FP6 || Sixth <ref name=seu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32002D1513 Decision No 1513/2002/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2002 concerning the sixth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities, contributing to the creation of the European Research Area and to innovation (2002 to 2006)]; OJ L232 – 29 August 2002; No 1513/2002/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 2002–2006 || 16.3 |- | FP7 || Seventh || 2007–2013 || 50.5 over seven years<br />+ 2.7 for [[Euratom]] over five years <ref name=fp7>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/fp7/understanding/fp7inbrief/structure_en.html |title= How is FP 7 structured? from FP7 in Brief | foilsitheoir = European Commission | dátarochtana = 31 Iúil 2011}}</ref> |- | FP8 || [[Fís 2020]] (ochtú) <ref name=Cordis2020>{{lua idirlín | teideal = The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_ga.cfm?pg=h2020 | dátarochtana = 19 Iúil 2012}}</ref> || 2014–2020 || 77 <ref name=>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/horizon2020/document.cfm?doc_id=17607 | retail = Research and innovation funding: making a real difference | dáta =2016|website=European Commission |dátarochtana = 30 Eanáir 2018}}</ref> |- | FP9 || [[Fís Eorpach]] <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |last=Cordis|title=The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation|url=http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_en.cfm?pg=h2020https://ec.europa.eu/info/horizon-europe-next-research-and-innovation-framework-programme_en|access-date=15 August 2019}}</ref> || 2021–2027 || 95.5 <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/funding/funding-opportunities/funding-programmes-and-open-calls/horizon-europe_en | title=Horizon Europe | date=22 December 2025 }}</ref> <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://eufunds.me/what-is-the-budget-of-horizon-europe/ | title=What is the budget of Horizon Europe? | date=6 May 2021 }}</ref> |- | FP10 | Horizon Europe | 2028-2034 | 175 (''proposal'') <ref name=>{{Cite web |title=EU budget 2028-2034 |url=https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/eu-budget/long-term-eu-budget/eu-budget-2028-2034_en |access-date=2025-07-22 |website=commission.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> |} == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip == [[File:CO2_emissions_EU.svg|thumb|Development of CO₂ emissions in the [[European Union]]]] [[File:Co-emissions-per-capita (2).png|thumb|CO₂ emissions per capita in the European Union]] [[File:CO2 emission pie chart.svg|thumb|Global [[List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions|carbon dioxide emissions]] by jurisdiction, 2023]] '' The '''European Green Deal''', approved in 2020, is a set of policy initiatives by the [[European Commission]] with the overarching aim of making the [[European Union]] (EU) [[Net-zero emissions|climate neutral]] in 2050.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/the-commissions-green-deal-plan-unveiled/|title=Europe's Green Deal plan unveiled | last1=Tamma|first1=Paola|last2=Schaart|first2=Eline|date=11 December 2019|website=POLITICO|access-date=29 December 2019|last3=Gurzu|first3=Anca}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy-environment/news/eu-commission-unveils-european-green-deal-the-key-points/|title=EU Commission unveils 'European Green Deal': The key points|last=Simon|first=Frédéric|date=11 December 2019 | work =euractiv.com|access-date=29 December 2019}}</ref> The plan is to review each existing law on its climate merits, and also introduce new legislation on the [[circular economy]] (CE), [[building renovation]], [[biodiversity]], farming and [[innovation]].<ref name=":0" /> '' The president of the European Commission, [[Ursula von der Leyen]], stated that the European Green Deal would be Europe's "man on the moon moment".<ref name=":0"/> On 13 December 2019, the [[European Council]] decided to press ahead with the plan, with an opt-out for [[Poland]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/dec/13/european-green-deal-to-press-ahead-despite-polish-targets-opt-out|title=European Green Deal to press ahead despite Polish targets opt-out| sloinne =Rankin|first=Jennifer|date=13 December 2019|work=The Guardian|access-date=29 December 2019|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> On 15 January 2020, the [[European Parliament]] voted to support the deal as well, with requests for higher ambition.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.europeaninterest.eu/article/parliament-supports-european-green-deal/|title=Parliament supports European Green Deal|last=Benakis|first=Theodoros|date=15 January 2020|website=European Interest|access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref> A year later, the European Climate Law was passed, which legislated that [[greenhouse gas emissions]] should be 55% lower in 2030 compared to 1990. The [[Fit for 55]] package is a large set of proposed legislation detailing how the European Union plans to reach this target.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Climate-change-law-in-Europe-what-do-new-EU-climate-laws-mean-for-the-courts.pdf |title=Climate change law in Europe: What do new EU climate laws mean for the courts? |last1=Higham |first1=Catherine |last2=Setzer |first2=Joana |date=March 2023 |publisher=[[Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment]] |page=3 |last3=Narulla |first3=Harj |last4=Bradeen |first4=Emily |access-date=2 April 2023}}</ref> ETS2 is the new [[European Union Emissions Trading System|EU Emissions Trading System]] that will enter into force in 2027 and, for the first time in history, will set a price for CO2 emissions from fuels used in the building and road transport sectors.<ref name="ETS2"/> '' The [[European Commission]]'s climate change strategy, launched in 2020, is focused on a promise to make Europe a [[Carbon neutrality|net-zero]] emitter of [[greenhouse gas]]es by 2050 and to demonstrate that economies will develop without increasing resource usage. However, the Green Deal has measures to ensure that nations that are already reliant on [[fossil fuels]] are not left behind in the transition to renewable energy.<ref>{{Cite web|title=International investors enter Poland renewable energy market after rule change|url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/poland-renewable-energy|access-date=20 May 2021|website=European Investment Bank}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Unconventional Mitigation|url=https://www.swp-berlin.org/10.18449/2020RP08/|access-date=20 May 2021|journal=SWP Research Paper|year=2020|doi=10.18449/2020RP08|last1=Geden|first1=Oliver|last2=Schenuit|first2=Felix|author3=Stiftung Wissenschaft Und Politik}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=€33 trillion investor group: strong EU climate targets key to economic recovery & future growth|website=IIGCC|url=https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/|access-date=20 May 2021|archive-date=9 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230109195100/https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/}}</ref> The green transition is a top priority for Europe. The EU member states want to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030 from 1990 levels, and become climate neutral by 2050.<ref name="eib.org">{{Cite web |title=Europe needs to forge ahead with renewable energy |url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/renewable-energy-europe-africa |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=European Investment Bank}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Fit for 55 |url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/green-deal/fit-for-55-the-eu-plan-for-a-green-transition/ |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=consilium.europa.eu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Jaeger |first1=Carlo |last2=Mielke |first2=Jahel |last3=Schütze |first3=Franziska |last4=Teitge |first4=Jonas |last5=Wolf |first5=Sarah |date=2021 |title=The European Green Deal – More Than Climate Neutrality |url=https://www.intereconomics.eu/contents/year/2021/number/2/article/the-european-green-deal-more-than-climate-neutrality.html |journal=Intereconomics |volume=2021 |issue=2 |pages=99–107}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Net Zero Coalition |url=https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/net-zero-coalition |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=United Nations}}</ref> '' Von der Leyen appointed [[Frans Timmermans]] as Executive Vice President of the European Commission for the European Green Deal in 2019. He was succeeded by [[Maroš Šefčovič]] in 2023,<ref name="climateaction">{{Cite web |last1=Mathiesen |first1=Karl |last2=Weise |first2=Zia |last3=Lynch |first3=Suzanne |date=22 August 2023 |title=Šefčovič replaces Timmermans as EU Green Deal chief |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/frans-timmermans-quit-eu-climate-chief-return-dutch-politics/ |access-date=31 December 2023 |website=[[Politico Europe]] }}</ref> and [[Teresa Ribera]] in 2024. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Clár LIFE == [[Íomhá:Logolife.jpg | mion | 200px | Lógó LIFE]] Is ionstraim maoinithe an [[Aontas Eorpach|Aontais Eorpaigh]] é '''Clár LIFE'''<ref name=iate /> (Fraincis: ''L’Instrument Financier pour l’Environnement'') le haghaidh ghníomh timpeallachta agus aeráide. Thosaigh LIFE sa bhliain 1992 agus tá cúig chéim sa chlár go dtí an am seo (2026): * LIFE I: 1992–1995 * LIFE II: 1996–1999 * LIFE III: 2000–2006 * LIFE+: 2007–2013 * LIFE 2014–2020 * LIFE 2021-2027 (reatha) '' Suas go 2021, bhí tuairim is 4600 tionscadal chomh-mhaoinithe ag LIFE ar fud na hEorpa, agus €6.5 billiún caite chun an timpeallacht agus an aeráid a chaomhnú. Sa chéim reatha (2021–2027), tá mollta €5.45 billion ag an [[an Coimisiún Eorpach|gCoimisiún]].<ref name=stair /> Tá Clár LIFE faoi bhainistíocht ag [[Directorate-General for the Environment|DG Environment]], [[Directorate-General for Climate Action|DG Climate Action]] agus [[Directorate-General for Energy|DG Energy]]. D'fhág an Coimisiún delegated an-chuid den Chlár LIFE faoin na[[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EASME / EISMEA) go dtí mí Márta 2021, agus faoin na[[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol]] (CINEA) ó shin i leith. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/iiii/ga | teideal = Téarma: | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 02-08-2026}}</ref> <ref name=stair>{{lua idirlín | url = https://ec.europa.eu/easme/en/section/life/life-history-life | teideal = History of LIFE | dátarochtana = 14 Bealtaine 2020 | foilsitheoir = EASME / EISMEA}}</ref> }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir:An tAontas Eorpach agus an comhshaol]] [[Catagóir:Coimisiún Eorpach]] == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde == | headquarters = [[an Bhruiséil]], [[an Bheilg]] | leader_name = Marc Tachelet Is [[gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|gníomhaireacht feidhmiúcháin]] an [[an Coimisiún Eorpach|Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde'''<ref name=iate /> (Béarla: ''European Research Executive Agency'' ('''REA'''). '' Established in 2007, it manages parts of the European Union's research and innovation programmes, including [[Horizon Europe]] and the [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]], and provides administrative support for EU-funded research projects.<ref name=about /><ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Stair '' The agency was established by the European Commission on 14 December 2007 to implement parts of the [[Seventh Framework Programme]].<ref name=CELEX:32008D0046 /> Its mandate was extended in 2013 to manage significant parts of [[Horizon 2020]], the EU's framework programme for research and innovation for 2014–2020.<ref name=CELEX:32013D0778 /> '' In 2021, the Commission renewed the agency's mandate for the 2021–2027 financial period through Implementing Decision (EU) 2021/173, under which the REA became one of six executive agencies responsible for implementing programmes funded under the EU budget.<ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Freagrachtaí '' Since 2021, the REA has managed parts of several European Union programmes, including: * [[Fís Eorpach]], particularly: ** [[Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions]] ** Research infrastructures ** Cnuasach 2: Culture, Creativity and Inclusive Society ** Cnuasach 3: Civil Security for Society ** Cnuasach 6: Food, Bioeconomy, Natural Resources, Agriculture and Environment ** Widening participation and spreading excellence ** Reforming and enhancing the European research and innovation system * [[Fís 2020]] * Promotion of agricultural products * [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]] '' The agency also manages the Commission's [[Research Enquiry Service]], coordinates the evaluation of research proposals by independent experts, provides administrative support to beneficiaries of EU funding programmes, and carries out legal and financial validation of grants and procurement procedures.<ref name=resp /> == Rialtas '' The REA is an executive agency of the European Commission and operates under the supervision of the Commission. It is headed by a director and overseen by a steering committee composed of representatives of the Commission departments responsible for the programmes managed by the agency.<ref name=org /> == Buiséad '' For the 2021–2027 programming period, the REA manages approximately €22.7&nbsp;billion in EU funding. During the [[Horizon 2020]] programme (2014–2020), it managed around €17&nbsp;billion, compared with €6.4&nbsp;billion under the [[Seventh Framework Programme]] (2007–2013).<ref name=about /> == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/3591743/ga | teideal = Téarma: an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32021D0173>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32021D0173 | teideal = Cinneadh Cur Chun Feidhme (AE) 2021/173 ón gCoimisiún an 12 Feabhra 2021 lena mbunaítear ... '''an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde''' ... | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32008D0046>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32008D0046 | teideal = 2008/46/EC: Commission Decision of 14 December 2007 setting up the Research Executive Agency for the management of certain areas of the specific Community programmes People, Capacities and Cooperation in the field of research in application of Council Regulation (EC) No 58/2003 | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32013D0778>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32013D0778 | teideal = Decision No 778/2013/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 August 2013 providing further macro-financial assistance to Georgia | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=about>{{lua idirlín | teideal = About REA | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_en |publisher=European Commission | dátarochtana = 26 Meitheamh 2026}}</ref> <ref name=resp>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Responsibilities | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us/what-we-do_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> <ref name=org>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Organisation | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> }} [[Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde == {{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} | location = [[an Bhruiséil]] '' The í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde''' (Béarla: '''European Research Council''' ('''ERC''')) is a public body for funding of scientific and technological research conducted within the [[European Union]] (EU). Established a bhliain 2007, the ERC is composed of an independent Scientific Council, its governing body consisting of distinguished researchers, and an Executive Agency, in charge of the implementation. It forms part of the framework programme of the union dedicated to research and innovation, [[Horizon 2020]], preceded by the [[Seventh Research Framework Programme]] (FP7). '' The ERC budget was over €13 billion from 2014 – 2020 and comes from the [[Horizon 2020]] programme, a part of the European Union's budget. Under Horizon 2020 it is estimated that around 7,000 ERC grantees will be funded and 42,000 team members supported, including 11,000 doctoral students and almost 16,000 post-doctoral researchers. The ERC awards to individuals are widely considered to be either among the most, or else the most prestigious grant for academics in Europe. <ref>{{cite news |last1=Amos |first1=Jonathan |title=European research goes for gold |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/mobile/science/nature/6399157.stm |access-date=16 May 2025 |agency=BBC |date=27 February 2007}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=Boe |first1=Mariangela |title=Striving for excellence with ERC funding |url=https://yerun.eu/2024/09/striving-for-excellence-with-erc-funding/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Yerun |date=24 September 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=matthews |first1=niall |title=Prestigious European Research Council award successes for Irish-based researchers |url=https://www.researchireland.ie/news/european-research-council-award-irish-based-researchers/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Research Ireland |date=5 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Frontier-led research, the ERC and the role of university communities in securing their future |url=https://www.the-guild.eu/news-and-blog/news/2017/1frontier-led-research-the-erc-and-the-role-of-univ.html |website=The Guild |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Increasing your researchers' chances of winning ERC grants {{!}} EURAXESS |url=https://www.euraxess.me/montenegro/news/increasing-your-researchers-chances-winning-erc-grants |website=www.euraxess.me |access-date=16 May 2025 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=An introduction to ERC Starting and Consolidator Grants |url=https://worldfactory.de/veranstaltungen/details/an-introduction-to-erc-starting-and-consolidator-grants-345 |website=worldfactory.de |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> '' Researchers from any field can compete for the grants that support pioneering projects. The ERC competitions are open to top researchers also from outside the union. The average success rate is about 12%. <ref>{{Citation| title=basic statistics for ERC funding activities| date=22 February 2017| url=http://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| access-date=12 October 2012| archive-date=2 October 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002070911/https://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| url-status=live}}</ref> Five ERC grantees have won Nobel Prizes. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|title=ERA Portal Austria – Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine goes to two ERC grantees|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=8 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308013059/https://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|title=ERC starting grant holder wins Nobel physics prize – Science-Business|website=sciencebusiness.net|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=2 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230902160227/https://sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |title=ERC grant holder awarded Nobel Prize in physics &#124; Idconsortium Consultoria Investigación + Desarrollo + Innovación (I+D+i) |access-date=2015-09-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304130551/http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |archive-date=4 March 2016 }}</ref> Grant applications are assessed by qualified experts. Excellence is the sole criterion for selection; there are neither thematic priorities, nor geographical quotas for funding. The aim is to recognise the best ideas, and confer status and visibility to the best research in Europe, while also attracting talent from abroad. '' Along with national funding bodies, the ERC aims to improve the climate for European frontier research. The Scientific Council has been keen to learn from the ERC's peers in national research councils (European and overseas) and to engage in dialogue and appropriate collaboration. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir: Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Tíreolaíocht == [[Réigiún na Teorann]] === Geografaíocht fhisiceach [[Íomhá:Glencar waterfall01.jpg| thumb | 170px | [[Loch Ghleann an Chairthe|Eas Ghleann an Chairthe]], Liatroim]] '' The region encompasses the entire northwest coast of Ireland along the [[an tAigéan Atlantach]]. Two of Ireland's longest rivers, [[an tSionainn]] and the [[an Éirne]], agus an [[Uiscebhealach na Sionainne is na hÉirne]] eatarthu. Cavan and Monaghan in the east of the region are characterized by a drumlin landscape, with hundreds of loughs interspersed between. [[Loch Aillionn]] in Leitrim is the region's largest lake, at 35 km². '' The west of the region, from [[Teallach Eathach]], County Cavan, to the Atlantic coast is largely rocky and mountainous, with coastal cliffs but also beaches in counties Sligo, Donegal and Leitrim. Leitrim has the smallest coastline of any county, at just 5&nbsp;km in length, while Donegal has the longest, at 1,134&nbsp;km. === Foraoiseacht '' there is a total of 130,345 ha of forest and woodland cover in the Border Region, equating to 11.3% of the region's land area, the national average.<ref name=govagri2017 /> '' Traditionally, the region had a very low cover forest and planting schemes were undertaken by the Department of Agriculture or [[Comhlachtaí státurraithe na hÉireann|comhlachtaí státurraithe]] such as [[Coillte]]. County Leitrim is now Ireland's most forested county at 18.9% forest cover. However, over 50% of Leitrim's forests are in private ownership.<ref name=govagri2006 /> === Aeráid '' Under [[Aicmiú aeráide Köppen]], the region experiences a maritime [[aeráid mheasartha]] [[aeráid aigéanach]], meaning cool winters, mild humid summers, and a lack of temperature extremes. Summer daytime temperatures range between 15°C agus 22°C, rarely going beyond 25°C. While the region generally experiences mild winters, upland areas typically have snow. Humidity is high year round and rainfall ranges from ~1,250&nbsp;mm ([[Marcréidh]], Sligeach) to ~1,000&nbsp;mm ([[Béal Átha hÉis]], Cabhán), evenly distributed throughout the year. <ref name=metclimate /> === Geolaíocht [[Íomhá: Benbulben2.jpg | thumb | 200px | [[Binn Ghulbain]], Contae Shligigh]] '' There are many large mountain ranges and high sea cliffs in the region, such as the [[Sléibhte Dhoire Bheatha]], [[Sliabh Liag]], the [[Binn Chuilceach]] agus [[Binn Ghulbain]]. The region is generally underlain by [[an tOrdaivíseach]] and [[an Siolúrach]] sceallaí agus gréabhacaí, laid down 417-495 million years ago. These are found in eastern Cavan and Monaghan. The bedrock of western Cavan, Leitrim and Sligo is composed mostly of [[carbónmhar]] limestones that were laid roughly 355 million years ago. However, a 1.5 billion year old narrow strip of metamorphosed gneisses extend across Sligo near [[Sliabh Gamh]].<ref name=geocavan /><ref name=geosligo /> '' County Donegal has one of the most complex geologies in Ireland. Much of the county is underlain by [[Réamhchaimbriach]] gneiss, schist and quartzite, laid down during the Grenvillian Orogeny 700 million years ago. The Border Region's highest point, [[An Earagail]], at 751 m, is composed of Precambrian quartzite. '' Ireland's oldest rocks, laid down 1.78 billion years ago, are found on the island of [[Inis Trá Tholl]].<ref name=gsi /> Inis Trá Tholl is Ireland's most northerly island, located approximately 10&nbsp;km north of [[Cionn Mhálanna]], mainland Ireland's most northerly point. '' [[Loch Súilí]] in Donegal is one of Ireland's three fjords. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Buntásc == __NOINDEX__ __NOTOC__ 36urmtjmn6n0j8qitfpztyg0zkpmegu 1322731 1322720 2026-08-05T22:38:41Z Marcas.oduinn 33120 /* Clár LIFE */ 1322731 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ceanntásc == (an t)Údarás um..., (an) G(h)níomhaireacht um... (an) Comhbheartas Talmhaíochta. Cé acu sa teideal? Féach: * [http://www.gaois.ie gaois.ie]. * ''Wikidata list'' [[Úsáideoir:Marcas.oduinn/Clár Dubh/Wikidata list/Contaetha na hÉireann#Réigiún na hÉireann|Réigiúin na hÉireann]]. === Réigiún === {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top;" ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin NUTS |- | style="text-align:center" | [[Íomhá:IrelandRegions.png | center]] | align=center | [[Íomhá:NUTS3 Boundaries Ireland.png | center]] |- | style="vertical-align:top;" | Réigiúin na hÉireann: * (A) Tuaisceart * (B) Iarthar * (C) Iardheisceart * (D) Oirdheisceart * (E) Oirthear [BÁC] * (F) [[Lár na Tíre (Éire)]] | style="vertical-align:top;" | '''Réigiúin''' NUTS 3 na hÉireann: * [[Réigiún na Teorann|Teorainn]] * [[Réigiún an Iarthair|Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún Lár na Tíre|Lár na Tíre]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Oirthir|Lár-Oirthear]] * [[Réigiún Bhaile Átha Cliath|Baile Átha Cliath]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Iarthair|Lár-Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún an Oirdheiscirt|Oirdheisceart]] * [[Réigiún an Iardheiscirt|Iardheisceart]] |} {| |- | [[Íomhá:Newborderregionboundary.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Border region.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map West region.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map Midlands.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid East Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Mid-East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Island_of_Ireland_location_map_Dublin.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:SE Region Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map South East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map South West.svg | 80px]] |} === Acrainm === * [[Aicmiú Comhchoiteann na nAonad Críche maidir le Staidreamh|NUTS]] - Acáise * [[Comhordú an Eolais ar an Timpeallacht|CORINE]] - Ceolta * [[CORDIS]] - SeoTaifeach * [[Inter-Active Terminology for Europe|IATE]] - Tighe == Eile == {{tl|Gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|state=collapsed}} * [[Gníomhaireacht Sábháilteachta Eitlíochta an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2002), [[Institiúid Eorpach um Nuálaíocht agus Teicneolaíocht]] (2008), [[Comhlacht na Rialálaithe Eorpacha um Chumarsáid Leictreonach]] (BEREC) (2009) &leftarrow; (BEREC Office) - [[Gníomhaireacht Tacaíochta BEREC]] (2018), [[an tÚdarás um Páirtithe Polaitiúla Eorpacha agus um Fhondúireachtaí Polaitiúla Eorpacha]] (2016), [[EU-CyCLONe]] (2020), [[Údarás Custaim an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2026) * [[:Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EISMEA), an [[Lárionad Eorpach Inniúlachta um Thionsclaíocht, Teicneolaíocht agus Taighde Cibearshlándála]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Oideachas agus Cultúr]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol]] (CINEA) # ''[[:en:European Research Executive Agency|Research]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:European Research Council Executive Agency|Research Council]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development|Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development]] - [[Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch]] # ''[[:en:European Green Deal|European Green Deal]]'' - <s>an [[Comhaontú Glas Don Eoraip]]=</s>an[[Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip]] (&rightarrow; [[Dlí Athchóirithe Nádúir an Aontais Eorpaigh]]) #* [[Fís Eorpach]] # ''[[:en:LIFE Programme|LIFE Programme]]'' - [[Clár LIFE]] == Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch == '' The '''Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development''', also called '''Framework Programmes''' or abbreviated '''FP1''' to '''FP9''', are funding programmes created by the [[Aontas Eorpach]]/[[Coimisiún Eorpach]] to support and foster research in the [[European Research Area]] (ERA). Starting in 2014, the funding programmes were named '''Horizon'''. '' The funding programmes began in 1984 and continue to the present day. The most recent programme, [[Fís Eorpach]], has a budget of 95.5 billion Euros to be distributed over seven years. '' The specific objectives and actions vary between funding periods. In FP6 and FP7, focus was on technological research. In [[Fís 2020]], the focus was on innovation, delivering economic growth faster, and delivering solutions to end users that are often governmental agencies. == Stair Conducting European research policies and implementing European research programmes is an obligation under the [[Conradh Amstardam]], which includes a chapter on research and technological development. The programmes are defined by commission civil servants who are aided by various official advisory group and lobby groups. To advise the an Coimisiún Eorpach on the overall strategy to be followed in carrying out the Information and Communication Technology thematic priority, the Information Society Technologies Advisory Group (ISTAG) was set up. <ref name=:0>{{lua idirlín | url = http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | teideal = ISTAG website | foilsitheoir = cordis.lu | dáta = 20 Deireadh Fómhair 2011 | dátarochtana = 29 Samhain 2011 | archive-date=26 April 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060426010836/http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | url-status=dead}}</ref> == The framework programmes '' The framework programmes, up until Framework Programme 6 (FP6), covered five-year periods; but from Framework Programme 7 (FP7) onward, programmes run for seven years. The Framework Programmes, and their budgets in billions of Euros, are presented in the table below. <ref name=>Artis, M. J. and F. Nixson, Eds. "The Economics of the European Union: Policy and Analysis" (4th ed.), Oxford University Press 2007</ref> For FP1–FP5, program expenditures were made in [[Aonad Airgeadra Eorpach]]; from FP6 onward budgets were in Euros. The values presented below are in Euros. {| class="wikitable" |- ! ID !! Framework programme !! Period !! Budget (billion €) |- | FP1 || First <ref name=cead>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31983Y0804(01) Council resolution of 25 July 1983 on framework programmes for Community research, development and demonstration activities and a first framework programme 1984 to 1987]; OJ C208 – 04/08/1983; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1984–1987 || 3.8 |- | FP2 || Second <ref name=dara>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31987D0516 Council Decision of 28 September 1987 concerning the framework programme for Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1987 to 1991)]; OJ L302 – 24 October 1987; 87/516/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1987–1991 || 5.4 |- | FP3 || Third <ref name=triu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31990D0221 Council Decision of 23 April 1990 concerning the framework Programme of Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1990 to 1994)]; OJ L117 – 08/05/1990; 90/221/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1990–1994 || 6.6 |- | FP4 || Fourth <ref name=ceathru>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31994D1110 Decision No 1110/94/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 April 1994 concerning the fourth framework programme of the European Community activities in the field of research and technological development and demonstration]; OJ L126 – 18 May 1994; No 1110/94/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1994–1998 || 13.2 |- | FP5 || Fifth <ref name=cuigiu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31999D0182 Decision No 182/1999/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 December 1998 concerning the fifth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (1998 to 2002)]; OJ L26 – 01/02/1999; No 182/1999/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1998–2002 || 15.0 |- | FP6 || Sixth <ref name=seu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32002D1513 Decision No 1513/2002/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2002 concerning the sixth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities, contributing to the creation of the European Research Area and to innovation (2002 to 2006)]; OJ L232 – 29 August 2002; No 1513/2002/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 2002–2006 || 16.3 |- | FP7 || Seventh || 2007–2013 || 50.5 over seven years<br />+ 2.7 for [[Euratom]] over five years <ref name=fp7>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/fp7/understanding/fp7inbrief/structure_en.html |title= How is FP 7 structured? from FP7 in Brief | foilsitheoir = European Commission | dátarochtana = 31 Iúil 2011}}</ref> |- | FP8 || [[Fís 2020]] (ochtú) <ref name=Cordis2020>{{lua idirlín | teideal = The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_ga.cfm?pg=h2020 | dátarochtana = 19 Iúil 2012}}</ref> || 2014–2020 || 77 <ref name=>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/horizon2020/document.cfm?doc_id=17607 | retail = Research and innovation funding: making a real difference | dáta =2016|website=European Commission |dátarochtana = 30 Eanáir 2018}}</ref> |- | FP9 || [[Fís Eorpach]] <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |last=Cordis|title=The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation|url=http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_en.cfm?pg=h2020https://ec.europa.eu/info/horizon-europe-next-research-and-innovation-framework-programme_en|access-date=15 August 2019}}</ref> || 2021–2027 || 95.5 <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/funding/funding-opportunities/funding-programmes-and-open-calls/horizon-europe_en | title=Horizon Europe | date=22 December 2025 }}</ref> <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://eufunds.me/what-is-the-budget-of-horizon-europe/ | title=What is the budget of Horizon Europe? | date=6 May 2021 }}</ref> |- | FP10 | Horizon Europe | 2028-2034 | 175 (''proposal'') <ref name=>{{Cite web |title=EU budget 2028-2034 |url=https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/eu-budget/long-term-eu-budget/eu-budget-2028-2034_en |access-date=2025-07-22 |website=commission.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> |} == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip == [[File:CO2_emissions_EU.svg|thumb|Development of CO₂ emissions in the [[European Union]]]] [[File:Co-emissions-per-capita (2).png|thumb|CO₂ emissions per capita in the European Union]] [[File:CO2 emission pie chart.svg|thumb|Global [[List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions|carbon dioxide emissions]] by jurisdiction, 2023]] '' The '''European Green Deal''', approved in 2020, is a set of policy initiatives by the [[European Commission]] with the overarching aim of making the [[European Union]] (EU) [[Net-zero emissions|climate neutral]] in 2050.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/the-commissions-green-deal-plan-unveiled/|title=Europe's Green Deal plan unveiled | last1=Tamma|first1=Paola|last2=Schaart|first2=Eline|date=11 December 2019|website=POLITICO|access-date=29 December 2019|last3=Gurzu|first3=Anca}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy-environment/news/eu-commission-unveils-european-green-deal-the-key-points/|title=EU Commission unveils 'European Green Deal': The key points|last=Simon|first=Frédéric|date=11 December 2019 | work =euractiv.com|access-date=29 December 2019}}</ref> The plan is to review each existing law on its climate merits, and also introduce new legislation on the [[circular economy]] (CE), [[building renovation]], [[biodiversity]], farming and [[innovation]].<ref name=":0" /> '' The president of the European Commission, [[Ursula von der Leyen]], stated that the European Green Deal would be Europe's "man on the moon moment".<ref name=":0"/> On 13 December 2019, the [[European Council]] decided to press ahead with the plan, with an opt-out for [[Poland]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/dec/13/european-green-deal-to-press-ahead-despite-polish-targets-opt-out|title=European Green Deal to press ahead despite Polish targets opt-out| sloinne =Rankin|first=Jennifer|date=13 December 2019|work=The Guardian|access-date=29 December 2019|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> On 15 January 2020, the [[European Parliament]] voted to support the deal as well, with requests for higher ambition.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.europeaninterest.eu/article/parliament-supports-european-green-deal/|title=Parliament supports European Green Deal|last=Benakis|first=Theodoros|date=15 January 2020|website=European Interest|access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref> A year later, the European Climate Law was passed, which legislated that [[greenhouse gas emissions]] should be 55% lower in 2030 compared to 1990. The [[Fit for 55]] package is a large set of proposed legislation detailing how the European Union plans to reach this target.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Climate-change-law-in-Europe-what-do-new-EU-climate-laws-mean-for-the-courts.pdf |title=Climate change law in Europe: What do new EU climate laws mean for the courts? |last1=Higham |first1=Catherine |last2=Setzer |first2=Joana |date=March 2023 |publisher=[[Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment]] |page=3 |last3=Narulla |first3=Harj |last4=Bradeen |first4=Emily |access-date=2 April 2023}}</ref> ETS2 is the new [[European Union Emissions Trading System|EU Emissions Trading System]] that will enter into force in 2027 and, for the first time in history, will set a price for CO2 emissions from fuels used in the building and road transport sectors.<ref name="ETS2"/> '' The [[European Commission]]'s climate change strategy, launched in 2020, is focused on a promise to make Europe a [[Carbon neutrality|net-zero]] emitter of [[greenhouse gas]]es by 2050 and to demonstrate that economies will develop without increasing resource usage. However, the Green Deal has measures to ensure that nations that are already reliant on [[fossil fuels]] are not left behind in the transition to renewable energy.<ref>{{Cite web|title=International investors enter Poland renewable energy market after rule change|url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/poland-renewable-energy|access-date=20 May 2021|website=European Investment Bank}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Unconventional Mitigation|url=https://www.swp-berlin.org/10.18449/2020RP08/|access-date=20 May 2021|journal=SWP Research Paper|year=2020|doi=10.18449/2020RP08|last1=Geden|first1=Oliver|last2=Schenuit|first2=Felix|author3=Stiftung Wissenschaft Und Politik}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=€33 trillion investor group: strong EU climate targets key to economic recovery & future growth|website=IIGCC|url=https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/|access-date=20 May 2021|archive-date=9 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230109195100/https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/}}</ref> The green transition is a top priority for Europe. The EU member states want to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030 from 1990 levels, and become climate neutral by 2050.<ref name="eib.org">{{Cite web |title=Europe needs to forge ahead with renewable energy |url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/renewable-energy-europe-africa |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=European Investment Bank}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Fit for 55 |url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/green-deal/fit-for-55-the-eu-plan-for-a-green-transition/ |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=consilium.europa.eu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Jaeger |first1=Carlo |last2=Mielke |first2=Jahel |last3=Schütze |first3=Franziska |last4=Teitge |first4=Jonas |last5=Wolf |first5=Sarah |date=2021 |title=The European Green Deal – More Than Climate Neutrality |url=https://www.intereconomics.eu/contents/year/2021/number/2/article/the-european-green-deal-more-than-climate-neutrality.html |journal=Intereconomics |volume=2021 |issue=2 |pages=99–107}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Net Zero Coalition |url=https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/net-zero-coalition |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=United Nations}}</ref> '' Von der Leyen appointed [[Frans Timmermans]] as Executive Vice President of the European Commission for the European Green Deal in 2019. He was succeeded by [[Maroš Šefčovič]] in 2023,<ref name="climateaction">{{Cite web |last1=Mathiesen |first1=Karl |last2=Weise |first2=Zia |last3=Lynch |first3=Suzanne |date=22 August 2023 |title=Šefčovič replaces Timmermans as EU Green Deal chief |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/frans-timmermans-quit-eu-climate-chief-return-dutch-politics/ |access-date=31 December 2023 |website=[[Politico Europe]] }}</ref> and [[Teresa Ribera]] in 2024. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Clár LIFE == [[Íomhá:Logolife.jpg | mion | 200px | Lógó LIFE]] Is ionstraim maoinithe an [[Aontas Eorpach|Aontais Eorpaigh]] é '''Clár LIFE'''<ref name=iate /> (Fraincis: ''L’Instrument Financier pour l’Environnement'') le haghaidh ghníomh timpeallachta agus aeráide. Thosaigh LIFE sa bhliain 1992 agus tá cúig chéim sa chlár go dtí an t-am seo (2026): * LIFE I: 1992–1995 * LIFE II: 1996–1999 * LIFE III: 2000–2006 * LIFE+: 2007–2013 * LIFE 2014–2020 * LIFE 2021-2027 (reatha) Suas go 2021, bhí tuairim is 4600 tionscadal chomh-mhaoinithe ag LIFE ar fud na hEorpa, agus €6.5 billiún caite chun an timpeallacht agus an aeráid a chaomhnú. Sa chéim reatha (2021–2027), tá €5.45 billion mollta ag an [[an Coimisiún Eorpach|gCoimisiún]].<ref name=stair /> Tá Clár LIFE faoi bhainistíocht ag [[Ard-Stiúrthóireacht um Thimpeallacht|AS um Thimpeallacht]], [[Ard-Stiúrthóireacht um Ghníomhú ar son na hAeráide|AS um Ghníomhú Aeráide]] agus [[Ard-Stiúrthóireacht um Fhuinneamh|AS um Fhuinneamh]]. D'fhág an Coimisiún delegated an-chuid den Chlár LIFE faoin na[[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EASME / EISMEA) go dtí mí Márta 2021, agus faoin na[[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol]] (CINEA) ó shin i leith. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/iiii/ga | teideal = Téarma: | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 02-08-2026}}</ref> <ref name=stair>{{lua idirlín | url = https://ec.europa.eu/easme/en/section/life/life-history-life | teideal = History of LIFE | dátarochtana = 14 Bealtaine 2020 | foilsitheoir = EASME / EISMEA}}</ref> }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir:An tAontas Eorpach agus an comhshaol]] [[Catagóir:Coimisiún Eorpach]] == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde == | headquarters = [[an Bhruiséil]], [[an Bheilg]] | leader_name = Marc Tachelet Is [[gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|gníomhaireacht feidhmiúcháin]] an [[an Coimisiún Eorpach|Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde'''<ref name=iate /> (Béarla: ''European Research Executive Agency'' ('''REA'''). '' Established in 2007, it manages parts of the European Union's research and innovation programmes, including [[Horizon Europe]] and the [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]], and provides administrative support for EU-funded research projects.<ref name=about /><ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Stair '' The agency was established by the European Commission on 14 December 2007 to implement parts of the [[Seventh Framework Programme]].<ref name=CELEX:32008D0046 /> Its mandate was extended in 2013 to manage significant parts of [[Horizon 2020]], the EU's framework programme for research and innovation for 2014–2020.<ref name=CELEX:32013D0778 /> '' In 2021, the Commission renewed the agency's mandate for the 2021–2027 financial period through Implementing Decision (EU) 2021/173, under which the REA became one of six executive agencies responsible for implementing programmes funded under the EU budget.<ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Freagrachtaí '' Since 2021, the REA has managed parts of several European Union programmes, including: * [[Fís Eorpach]], particularly: ** [[Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions]] ** Research infrastructures ** Cnuasach 2: Culture, Creativity and Inclusive Society ** Cnuasach 3: Civil Security for Society ** Cnuasach 6: Food, Bioeconomy, Natural Resources, Agriculture and Environment ** Widening participation and spreading excellence ** Reforming and enhancing the European research and innovation system * [[Fís 2020]] * Promotion of agricultural products * [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]] '' The agency also manages the Commission's [[Research Enquiry Service]], coordinates the evaluation of research proposals by independent experts, provides administrative support to beneficiaries of EU funding programmes, and carries out legal and financial validation of grants and procurement procedures.<ref name=resp /> == Rialtas '' The REA is an executive agency of the European Commission and operates under the supervision of the Commission. It is headed by a director and overseen by a steering committee composed of representatives of the Commission departments responsible for the programmes managed by the agency.<ref name=org /> == Buiséad '' For the 2021–2027 programming period, the REA manages approximately €22.7&nbsp;billion in EU funding. During the [[Horizon 2020]] programme (2014–2020), it managed around €17&nbsp;billion, compared with €6.4&nbsp;billion under the [[Seventh Framework Programme]] (2007–2013).<ref name=about /> == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/3591743/ga | teideal = Téarma: an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32021D0173>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32021D0173 | teideal = Cinneadh Cur Chun Feidhme (AE) 2021/173 ón gCoimisiún an 12 Feabhra 2021 lena mbunaítear ... '''an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde''' ... | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32008D0046>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32008D0046 | teideal = 2008/46/EC: Commission Decision of 14 December 2007 setting up the Research Executive Agency for the management of certain areas of the specific Community programmes People, Capacities and Cooperation in the field of research in application of Council Regulation (EC) No 58/2003 | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32013D0778>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32013D0778 | teideal = Decision No 778/2013/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 August 2013 providing further macro-financial assistance to Georgia | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=about>{{lua idirlín | teideal = About REA | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_en |publisher=European Commission | dátarochtana = 26 Meitheamh 2026}}</ref> <ref name=resp>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Responsibilities | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us/what-we-do_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> <ref name=org>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Organisation | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> }} [[Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde == {{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} | location = [[an Bhruiséil]] '' The í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde''' (Béarla: '''European Research Council''' ('''ERC''')) is a public body for funding of scientific and technological research conducted within the [[European Union]] (EU). Established a bhliain 2007, the ERC is composed of an independent Scientific Council, its governing body consisting of distinguished researchers, and an Executive Agency, in charge of the implementation. It forms part of the framework programme of the union dedicated to research and innovation, [[Horizon 2020]], preceded by the [[Seventh Research Framework Programme]] (FP7). '' The ERC budget was over €13 billion from 2014 – 2020 and comes from the [[Horizon 2020]] programme, a part of the European Union's budget. Under Horizon 2020 it is estimated that around 7,000 ERC grantees will be funded and 42,000 team members supported, including 11,000 doctoral students and almost 16,000 post-doctoral researchers. The ERC awards to individuals are widely considered to be either among the most, or else the most prestigious grant for academics in Europe. <ref>{{cite news |last1=Amos |first1=Jonathan |title=European research goes for gold |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/mobile/science/nature/6399157.stm |access-date=16 May 2025 |agency=BBC |date=27 February 2007}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=Boe |first1=Mariangela |title=Striving for excellence with ERC funding |url=https://yerun.eu/2024/09/striving-for-excellence-with-erc-funding/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Yerun |date=24 September 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=matthews |first1=niall |title=Prestigious European Research Council award successes for Irish-based researchers |url=https://www.researchireland.ie/news/european-research-council-award-irish-based-researchers/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Research Ireland |date=5 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Frontier-led research, the ERC and the role of university communities in securing their future |url=https://www.the-guild.eu/news-and-blog/news/2017/1frontier-led-research-the-erc-and-the-role-of-univ.html |website=The Guild |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Increasing your researchers' chances of winning ERC grants {{!}} EURAXESS |url=https://www.euraxess.me/montenegro/news/increasing-your-researchers-chances-winning-erc-grants |website=www.euraxess.me |access-date=16 May 2025 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=An introduction to ERC Starting and Consolidator Grants |url=https://worldfactory.de/veranstaltungen/details/an-introduction-to-erc-starting-and-consolidator-grants-345 |website=worldfactory.de |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> '' Researchers from any field can compete for the grants that support pioneering projects. The ERC competitions are open to top researchers also from outside the union. The average success rate is about 12%. <ref>{{Citation| title=basic statistics for ERC funding activities| date=22 February 2017| url=http://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| access-date=12 October 2012| archive-date=2 October 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002070911/https://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| url-status=live}}</ref> Five ERC grantees have won Nobel Prizes. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|title=ERA Portal Austria – Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine goes to two ERC grantees|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=8 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308013059/https://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|title=ERC starting grant holder wins Nobel physics prize – Science-Business|website=sciencebusiness.net|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=2 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230902160227/https://sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |title=ERC grant holder awarded Nobel Prize in physics &#124; Idconsortium Consultoria Investigación + Desarrollo + Innovación (I+D+i) |access-date=2015-09-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304130551/http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |archive-date=4 March 2016 }}</ref> Grant applications are assessed by qualified experts. Excellence is the sole criterion for selection; there are neither thematic priorities, nor geographical quotas for funding. The aim is to recognise the best ideas, and confer status and visibility to the best research in Europe, while also attracting talent from abroad. '' Along with national funding bodies, the ERC aims to improve the climate for European frontier research. The Scientific Council has been keen to learn from the ERC's peers in national research councils (European and overseas) and to engage in dialogue and appropriate collaboration. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir: Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Tíreolaíocht == [[Réigiún na Teorann]] === Geografaíocht fhisiceach [[Íomhá:Glencar waterfall01.jpg| thumb | 170px | [[Loch Ghleann an Chairthe|Eas Ghleann an Chairthe]], Liatroim]] '' The region encompasses the entire northwest coast of Ireland along the [[an tAigéan Atlantach]]. Two of Ireland's longest rivers, [[an tSionainn]] and the [[an Éirne]], agus an [[Uiscebhealach na Sionainne is na hÉirne]] eatarthu. Cavan and Monaghan in the east of the region are characterized by a drumlin landscape, with hundreds of loughs interspersed between. [[Loch Aillionn]] in Leitrim is the region's largest lake, at 35 km². '' The west of the region, from [[Teallach Eathach]], County Cavan, to the Atlantic coast is largely rocky and mountainous, with coastal cliffs but also beaches in counties Sligo, Donegal and Leitrim. Leitrim has the smallest coastline of any county, at just 5&nbsp;km in length, while Donegal has the longest, at 1,134&nbsp;km. === Foraoiseacht '' there is a total of 130,345 ha of forest and woodland cover in the Border Region, equating to 11.3% of the region's land area, the national average.<ref name=govagri2017 /> '' Traditionally, the region had a very low cover forest and planting schemes were undertaken by the Department of Agriculture or [[Comhlachtaí státurraithe na hÉireann|comhlachtaí státurraithe]] such as [[Coillte]]. County Leitrim is now Ireland's most forested county at 18.9% forest cover. However, over 50% of Leitrim's forests are in private ownership.<ref name=govagri2006 /> === Aeráid '' Under [[Aicmiú aeráide Köppen]], the region experiences a maritime [[aeráid mheasartha]] [[aeráid aigéanach]], meaning cool winters, mild humid summers, and a lack of temperature extremes. Summer daytime temperatures range between 15°C agus 22°C, rarely going beyond 25°C. While the region generally experiences mild winters, upland areas typically have snow. Humidity is high year round and rainfall ranges from ~1,250&nbsp;mm ([[Marcréidh]], Sligeach) to ~1,000&nbsp;mm ([[Béal Átha hÉis]], Cabhán), evenly distributed throughout the year. <ref name=metclimate /> === Geolaíocht [[Íomhá: Benbulben2.jpg | thumb | 200px | [[Binn Ghulbain]], Contae Shligigh]] '' There are many large mountain ranges and high sea cliffs in the region, such as the [[Sléibhte Dhoire Bheatha]], [[Sliabh Liag]], the [[Binn Chuilceach]] agus [[Binn Ghulbain]]. The region is generally underlain by [[an tOrdaivíseach]] and [[an Siolúrach]] sceallaí agus gréabhacaí, laid down 417-495 million years ago. These are found in eastern Cavan and Monaghan. The bedrock of western Cavan, Leitrim and Sligo is composed mostly of [[carbónmhar]] limestones that were laid roughly 355 million years ago. However, a 1.5 billion year old narrow strip of metamorphosed gneisses extend across Sligo near [[Sliabh Gamh]].<ref name=geocavan /><ref name=geosligo /> '' County Donegal has one of the most complex geologies in Ireland. Much of the county is underlain by [[Réamhchaimbriach]] gneiss, schist and quartzite, laid down during the Grenvillian Orogeny 700 million years ago. The Border Region's highest point, [[An Earagail]], at 751 m, is composed of Precambrian quartzite. '' Ireland's oldest rocks, laid down 1.78 billion years ago, are found on the island of [[Inis Trá Tholl]].<ref name=gsi /> Inis Trá Tholl is Ireland's most northerly island, located approximately 10&nbsp;km north of [[Cionn Mhálanna]], mainland Ireland's most northerly point. '' [[Loch Súilí]] in Donegal is one of Ireland's three fjords. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Buntásc == __NOINDEX__ __NOTOC__ 4kcg3iud5jjgvjxpxw16p6gm0y5bs0m 1322732 1322731 2026-08-05T22:44:59Z Marcas.oduinn 33120 /* Clár LIFE */ 1322732 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ceanntásc == (an t)Údarás um..., (an) G(h)níomhaireacht um... (an) Comhbheartas Talmhaíochta. Cé acu sa teideal? Féach: * [http://www.gaois.ie gaois.ie]. * ''Wikidata list'' [[Úsáideoir:Marcas.oduinn/Clár Dubh/Wikidata list/Contaetha na hÉireann#Réigiún na hÉireann|Réigiúin na hÉireann]]. === Réigiún === {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top;" ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin NUTS |- | style="text-align:center" | [[Íomhá:IrelandRegions.png | center]] | align=center | [[Íomhá:NUTS3 Boundaries Ireland.png | center]] |- | style="vertical-align:top;" | Réigiúin na hÉireann: * (A) Tuaisceart * (B) Iarthar * (C) Iardheisceart * (D) Oirdheisceart * (E) Oirthear [BÁC] * (F) [[Lár na Tíre (Éire)]] | style="vertical-align:top;" | '''Réigiúin''' NUTS 3 na hÉireann: * [[Réigiún na Teorann|Teorainn]] * [[Réigiún an Iarthair|Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún Lár na Tíre|Lár na Tíre]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Oirthir|Lár-Oirthear]] * [[Réigiún Bhaile Átha Cliath|Baile Átha Cliath]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Iarthair|Lár-Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún an Oirdheiscirt|Oirdheisceart]] * [[Réigiún an Iardheiscirt|Iardheisceart]] |} {| |- | [[Íomhá:Newborderregionboundary.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Border region.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map West region.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map Midlands.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid East Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Mid-East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Island_of_Ireland_location_map_Dublin.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:SE Region Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map South East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map South West.svg | 80px]] |} === Acrainm === * [[Aicmiú Comhchoiteann na nAonad Críche maidir le Staidreamh|NUTS]] - Acáise * [[Comhordú an Eolais ar an Timpeallacht|CORINE]] - Ceolta * [[CORDIS]] - SeoTaifeach * [[Inter-Active Terminology for Europe|IATE]] - Tighe == Eile == {{tl|Gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|state=collapsed}} * [[Gníomhaireacht Sábháilteachta Eitlíochta an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2002), [[Institiúid Eorpach um Nuálaíocht agus Teicneolaíocht]] (2008), [[Comhlacht na Rialálaithe Eorpacha um Chumarsáid Leictreonach]] (BEREC) (2009) &leftarrow; (BEREC Office) - [[Gníomhaireacht Tacaíochta BEREC]] (2018), [[an tÚdarás um Páirtithe Polaitiúla Eorpacha agus um Fhondúireachtaí Polaitiúla Eorpacha]] (2016), [[EU-CyCLONe]] (2020), [[Údarás Custaim an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2026) * [[:Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EISMEA), an [[Lárionad Eorpach Inniúlachta um Thionsclaíocht, Teicneolaíocht agus Taighde Cibearshlándála]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Oideachas agus Cultúr]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol]] (CINEA) # ''[[:en:European Research Executive Agency|Research]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:European Research Council Executive Agency|Research Council]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development|Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development]] - [[Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch]] # ''[[:en:European Green Deal|European Green Deal]]'' - <s>an [[Comhaontú Glas Don Eoraip]]=</s>an[[Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip]] (&rightarrow; [[Dlí Athchóirithe Nádúir an Aontais Eorpaigh]]) #* [[Fís Eorpach]] # ''[[:en:LIFE Programme|LIFE Programme]]'' - [[Clár LIFE]] == Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch == '' The '''Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development''', also called '''Framework Programmes''' or abbreviated '''FP1''' to '''FP9''', are funding programmes created by the [[Aontas Eorpach]]/[[Coimisiún Eorpach]] to support and foster research in the [[European Research Area]] (ERA). Starting in 2014, the funding programmes were named '''Horizon'''. '' The funding programmes began in 1984 and continue to the present day. The most recent programme, [[Fís Eorpach]], has a budget of 95.5 billion Euros to be distributed over seven years. '' The specific objectives and actions vary between funding periods. In FP6 and FP7, focus was on technological research. In [[Fís 2020]], the focus was on innovation, delivering economic growth faster, and delivering solutions to end users that are often governmental agencies. == Stair Conducting European research policies and implementing European research programmes is an obligation under the [[Conradh Amstardam]], which includes a chapter on research and technological development. The programmes are defined by commission civil servants who are aided by various official advisory group and lobby groups. To advise the an Coimisiún Eorpach on the overall strategy to be followed in carrying out the Information and Communication Technology thematic priority, the Information Society Technologies Advisory Group (ISTAG) was set up. <ref name=:0>{{lua idirlín | url = http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | teideal = ISTAG website | foilsitheoir = cordis.lu | dáta = 20 Deireadh Fómhair 2011 | dátarochtana = 29 Samhain 2011 | archive-date=26 April 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060426010836/http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | url-status=dead}}</ref> == The framework programmes '' The framework programmes, up until Framework Programme 6 (FP6), covered five-year periods; but from Framework Programme 7 (FP7) onward, programmes run for seven years. The Framework Programmes, and their budgets in billions of Euros, are presented in the table below. <ref name=>Artis, M. J. and F. Nixson, Eds. "The Economics of the European Union: Policy and Analysis" (4th ed.), Oxford University Press 2007</ref> For FP1–FP5, program expenditures were made in [[Aonad Airgeadra Eorpach]]; from FP6 onward budgets were in Euros. The values presented below are in Euros. {| class="wikitable" |- ! ID !! Framework programme !! Period !! Budget (billion €) |- | FP1 || First <ref name=cead>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31983Y0804(01) Council resolution of 25 July 1983 on framework programmes for Community research, development and demonstration activities and a first framework programme 1984 to 1987]; OJ C208 – 04/08/1983; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1984–1987 || 3.8 |- | FP2 || Second <ref name=dara>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31987D0516 Council Decision of 28 September 1987 concerning the framework programme for Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1987 to 1991)]; OJ L302 – 24 October 1987; 87/516/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1987–1991 || 5.4 |- | FP3 || Third <ref name=triu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31990D0221 Council Decision of 23 April 1990 concerning the framework Programme of Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1990 to 1994)]; OJ L117 – 08/05/1990; 90/221/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1990–1994 || 6.6 |- | FP4 || Fourth <ref name=ceathru>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31994D1110 Decision No 1110/94/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 April 1994 concerning the fourth framework programme of the European Community activities in the field of research and technological development and demonstration]; OJ L126 – 18 May 1994; No 1110/94/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1994–1998 || 13.2 |- | FP5 || Fifth <ref name=cuigiu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31999D0182 Decision No 182/1999/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 December 1998 concerning the fifth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (1998 to 2002)]; OJ L26 – 01/02/1999; No 182/1999/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1998–2002 || 15.0 |- | FP6 || Sixth <ref name=seu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32002D1513 Decision No 1513/2002/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2002 concerning the sixth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities, contributing to the creation of the European Research Area and to innovation (2002 to 2006)]; OJ L232 – 29 August 2002; No 1513/2002/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 2002–2006 || 16.3 |- | FP7 || Seventh || 2007–2013 || 50.5 over seven years<br />+ 2.7 for [[Euratom]] over five years <ref name=fp7>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/fp7/understanding/fp7inbrief/structure_en.html |title= How is FP 7 structured? from FP7 in Brief | foilsitheoir = European Commission | dátarochtana = 31 Iúil 2011}}</ref> |- | FP8 || [[Fís 2020]] (ochtú) <ref name=Cordis2020>{{lua idirlín | teideal = The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_ga.cfm?pg=h2020 | dátarochtana = 19 Iúil 2012}}</ref> || 2014–2020 || 77 <ref name=>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/horizon2020/document.cfm?doc_id=17607 | retail = Research and innovation funding: making a real difference | dáta =2016|website=European Commission |dátarochtana = 30 Eanáir 2018}}</ref> |- | FP9 || [[Fís Eorpach]] <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |last=Cordis|title=The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation|url=http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_en.cfm?pg=h2020https://ec.europa.eu/info/horizon-europe-next-research-and-innovation-framework-programme_en|access-date=15 August 2019}}</ref> || 2021–2027 || 95.5 <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/funding/funding-opportunities/funding-programmes-and-open-calls/horizon-europe_en | title=Horizon Europe | date=22 December 2025 }}</ref> <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://eufunds.me/what-is-the-budget-of-horizon-europe/ | title=What is the budget of Horizon Europe? | date=6 May 2021 }}</ref> |- | FP10 | Horizon Europe | 2028-2034 | 175 (''proposal'') <ref name=>{{Cite web |title=EU budget 2028-2034 |url=https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/eu-budget/long-term-eu-budget/eu-budget-2028-2034_en |access-date=2025-07-22 |website=commission.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> |} == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip == [[File:CO2_emissions_EU.svg|thumb|Development of CO₂ emissions in the [[European Union]]]] [[File:Co-emissions-per-capita (2).png|thumb|CO₂ emissions per capita in the European Union]] [[File:CO2 emission pie chart.svg|thumb|Global [[List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions|carbon dioxide emissions]] by jurisdiction, 2023]] '' The '''European Green Deal''', approved in 2020, is a set of policy initiatives by the [[European Commission]] with the overarching aim of making the [[European Union]] (EU) [[Net-zero emissions|climate neutral]] in 2050.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/the-commissions-green-deal-plan-unveiled/|title=Europe's Green Deal plan unveiled | last1=Tamma|first1=Paola|last2=Schaart|first2=Eline|date=11 December 2019|website=POLITICO|access-date=29 December 2019|last3=Gurzu|first3=Anca}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy-environment/news/eu-commission-unveils-european-green-deal-the-key-points/|title=EU Commission unveils 'European Green Deal': The key points|last=Simon|first=Frédéric|date=11 December 2019 | work =euractiv.com|access-date=29 December 2019}}</ref> The plan is to review each existing law on its climate merits, and also introduce new legislation on the [[circular economy]] (CE), [[building renovation]], [[biodiversity]], farming and [[innovation]].<ref name=":0" /> '' The president of the European Commission, [[Ursula von der Leyen]], stated that the European Green Deal would be Europe's "man on the moon moment".<ref name=":0"/> On 13 December 2019, the [[European Council]] decided to press ahead with the plan, with an opt-out for [[Poland]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/dec/13/european-green-deal-to-press-ahead-despite-polish-targets-opt-out|title=European Green Deal to press ahead despite Polish targets opt-out| sloinne =Rankin|first=Jennifer|date=13 December 2019|work=The Guardian|access-date=29 December 2019|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> On 15 January 2020, the [[European Parliament]] voted to support the deal as well, with requests for higher ambition.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.europeaninterest.eu/article/parliament-supports-european-green-deal/|title=Parliament supports European Green Deal|last=Benakis|first=Theodoros|date=15 January 2020|website=European Interest|access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref> A year later, the European Climate Law was passed, which legislated that [[greenhouse gas emissions]] should be 55% lower in 2030 compared to 1990. The [[Fit for 55]] package is a large set of proposed legislation detailing how the European Union plans to reach this target.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Climate-change-law-in-Europe-what-do-new-EU-climate-laws-mean-for-the-courts.pdf |title=Climate change law in Europe: What do new EU climate laws mean for the courts? |last1=Higham |first1=Catherine |last2=Setzer |first2=Joana |date=March 2023 |publisher=[[Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment]] |page=3 |last3=Narulla |first3=Harj |last4=Bradeen |first4=Emily |access-date=2 April 2023}}</ref> ETS2 is the new [[European Union Emissions Trading System|EU Emissions Trading System]] that will enter into force in 2027 and, for the first time in history, will set a price for CO2 emissions from fuels used in the building and road transport sectors.<ref name="ETS2"/> '' The [[European Commission]]'s climate change strategy, launched in 2020, is focused on a promise to make Europe a [[Carbon neutrality|net-zero]] emitter of [[greenhouse gas]]es by 2050 and to demonstrate that economies will develop without increasing resource usage. However, the Green Deal has measures to ensure that nations that are already reliant on [[fossil fuels]] are not left behind in the transition to renewable energy.<ref>{{Cite web|title=International investors enter Poland renewable energy market after rule change|url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/poland-renewable-energy|access-date=20 May 2021|website=European Investment Bank}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Unconventional Mitigation|url=https://www.swp-berlin.org/10.18449/2020RP08/|access-date=20 May 2021|journal=SWP Research Paper|year=2020|doi=10.18449/2020RP08|last1=Geden|first1=Oliver|last2=Schenuit|first2=Felix|author3=Stiftung Wissenschaft Und Politik}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=€33 trillion investor group: strong EU climate targets key to economic recovery & future growth|website=IIGCC|url=https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/|access-date=20 May 2021|archive-date=9 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230109195100/https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/}}</ref> The green transition is a top priority for Europe. The EU member states want to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030 from 1990 levels, and become climate neutral by 2050.<ref name="eib.org">{{Cite web |title=Europe needs to forge ahead with renewable energy |url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/renewable-energy-europe-africa |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=European Investment Bank}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Fit for 55 |url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/green-deal/fit-for-55-the-eu-plan-for-a-green-transition/ |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=consilium.europa.eu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Jaeger |first1=Carlo |last2=Mielke |first2=Jahel |last3=Schütze |first3=Franziska |last4=Teitge |first4=Jonas |last5=Wolf |first5=Sarah |date=2021 |title=The European Green Deal – More Than Climate Neutrality |url=https://www.intereconomics.eu/contents/year/2021/number/2/article/the-european-green-deal-more-than-climate-neutrality.html |journal=Intereconomics |volume=2021 |issue=2 |pages=99–107}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Net Zero Coalition |url=https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/net-zero-coalition |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=United Nations}}</ref> '' Von der Leyen appointed [[Frans Timmermans]] as Executive Vice President of the European Commission for the European Green Deal in 2019. He was succeeded by [[Maroš Šefčovič]] in 2023,<ref name="climateaction">{{Cite web |last1=Mathiesen |first1=Karl |last2=Weise |first2=Zia |last3=Lynch |first3=Suzanne |date=22 August 2023 |title=Šefčovič replaces Timmermans as EU Green Deal chief |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/frans-timmermans-quit-eu-climate-chief-return-dutch-politics/ |access-date=31 December 2023 |website=[[Politico Europe]] }}</ref> and [[Teresa Ribera]] in 2024. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Clár LIFE == [[Íomhá:Logolife.jpg | mion | 200px | Lógó LIFE]] Is ionstraim maoinithe an [[Aontas Eorpach|Aontais Eorpaigh]] é '''Clár LIFE'''<ref name=iate /> (Fraincis: ''L’Instrument Financier pour l’Environnement'') le haghaidh ghníomh timpeallachta agus aeráide. Thosaigh LIFE sa bhliain 1992 agus tá cúig chéim sa chlár go dtí an t-am seo (2026): * LIFE I: 1992–1995 * LIFE II: 1996–1999 * LIFE III: 2000–2006 * LIFE+: 2007–2013 * LIFE 2014–2020 * LIFE 2021-2027 (reatha) Suas go 2021, bhí tuairim is 4600 tionscadal chomh-mhaoinithe ag LIFE ar fud na hEorpa, agus €6.5 billiún caite chun an timpeallacht agus an aeráid a chaomhnú. Sa chéim reatha (2021–2027), tá €5.45 billion mollta ag an [[an Coimisiún Eorpach|gCoimisiún]].<ref name=stair /> Is é an Coimisiún féin (trí [[Ard-Stiúrthóireacht um Thimpeallacht|AS um Thimpeallacht]], [[Ard-Stiúrthóireacht um Ghníomhú ar son na hAeráide|AS um Ghníomhú Aeráide]] agus [[Ard-Stiúrthóireacht um Fhuinneamh|AS um Fhuinneamh]]) a dhéanann bainistíocht ar Chlár LIFE. D'fhág an Coimisiún an-chuid den Chlár faoin n[[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EASME / EISMEA) go dtí mí Márta 2021, agus faoin n[[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol]] (CINEA) ó shin i leith. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/iiii/ga | teideal = Téarma: | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 02-08-2026}}</ref> <ref name=stair>{{lua idirlín | url = https://ec.europa.eu/easme/en/section/life/life-history-life | teideal = History of LIFE | dátarochtana = 14 Bealtaine 2020 | foilsitheoir = EASME / EISMEA}}</ref> }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir:An tAontas Eorpach agus an comhshaol]] [[Catagóir:Coimisiún Eorpach]] == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde == | headquarters = [[an Bhruiséil]], [[an Bheilg]] | leader_name = Marc Tachelet Is [[gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|gníomhaireacht feidhmiúcháin]] an [[an Coimisiún Eorpach|Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde'''<ref name=iate /> (Béarla: ''European Research Executive Agency'' ('''REA'''). '' Established in 2007, it manages parts of the European Union's research and innovation programmes, including [[Horizon Europe]] and the [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]], and provides administrative support for EU-funded research projects.<ref name=about /><ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Stair '' The agency was established by the European Commission on 14 December 2007 to implement parts of the [[Seventh Framework Programme]].<ref name=CELEX:32008D0046 /> Its mandate was extended in 2013 to manage significant parts of [[Horizon 2020]], the EU's framework programme for research and innovation for 2014–2020.<ref name=CELEX:32013D0778 /> '' In 2021, the Commission renewed the agency's mandate for the 2021–2027 financial period through Implementing Decision (EU) 2021/173, under which the REA became one of six executive agencies responsible for implementing programmes funded under the EU budget.<ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Freagrachtaí '' Since 2021, the REA has managed parts of several European Union programmes, including: * [[Fís Eorpach]], particularly: ** [[Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions]] ** Research infrastructures ** Cnuasach 2: Culture, Creativity and Inclusive Society ** Cnuasach 3: Civil Security for Society ** Cnuasach 6: Food, Bioeconomy, Natural Resources, Agriculture and Environment ** Widening participation and spreading excellence ** Reforming and enhancing the European research and innovation system * [[Fís 2020]] * Promotion of agricultural products * [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]] '' The agency also manages the Commission's [[Research Enquiry Service]], coordinates the evaluation of research proposals by independent experts, provides administrative support to beneficiaries of EU funding programmes, and carries out legal and financial validation of grants and procurement procedures.<ref name=resp /> == Rialtas '' The REA is an executive agency of the European Commission and operates under the supervision of the Commission. It is headed by a director and overseen by a steering committee composed of representatives of the Commission departments responsible for the programmes managed by the agency.<ref name=org /> == Buiséad '' For the 2021–2027 programming period, the REA manages approximately €22.7&nbsp;billion in EU funding. During the [[Horizon 2020]] programme (2014–2020), it managed around €17&nbsp;billion, compared with €6.4&nbsp;billion under the [[Seventh Framework Programme]] (2007–2013).<ref name=about /> == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/3591743/ga | teideal = Téarma: an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32021D0173>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32021D0173 | teideal = Cinneadh Cur Chun Feidhme (AE) 2021/173 ón gCoimisiún an 12 Feabhra 2021 lena mbunaítear ... '''an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde''' ... | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32008D0046>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32008D0046 | teideal = 2008/46/EC: Commission Decision of 14 December 2007 setting up the Research Executive Agency for the management of certain areas of the specific Community programmes People, Capacities and Cooperation in the field of research in application of Council Regulation (EC) No 58/2003 | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32013D0778>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32013D0778 | teideal = Decision No 778/2013/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 August 2013 providing further macro-financial assistance to Georgia | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=about>{{lua idirlín | teideal = About REA | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_en |publisher=European Commission | dátarochtana = 26 Meitheamh 2026}}</ref> <ref name=resp>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Responsibilities | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us/what-we-do_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> <ref name=org>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Organisation | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> }} [[Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde == {{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} | location = [[an Bhruiséil]] '' The í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde''' (Béarla: '''European Research Council''' ('''ERC''')) is a public body for funding of scientific and technological research conducted within the [[European Union]] (EU). Established a bhliain 2007, the ERC is composed of an independent Scientific Council, its governing body consisting of distinguished researchers, and an Executive Agency, in charge of the implementation. It forms part of the framework programme of the union dedicated to research and innovation, [[Horizon 2020]], preceded by the [[Seventh Research Framework Programme]] (FP7). '' The ERC budget was over €13 billion from 2014 – 2020 and comes from the [[Horizon 2020]] programme, a part of the European Union's budget. Under Horizon 2020 it is estimated that around 7,000 ERC grantees will be funded and 42,000 team members supported, including 11,000 doctoral students and almost 16,000 post-doctoral researchers. The ERC awards to individuals are widely considered to be either among the most, or else the most prestigious grant for academics in Europe. <ref>{{cite news |last1=Amos |first1=Jonathan |title=European research goes for gold |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/mobile/science/nature/6399157.stm |access-date=16 May 2025 |agency=BBC |date=27 February 2007}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=Boe |first1=Mariangela |title=Striving for excellence with ERC funding |url=https://yerun.eu/2024/09/striving-for-excellence-with-erc-funding/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Yerun |date=24 September 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=matthews |first1=niall |title=Prestigious European Research Council award successes for Irish-based researchers |url=https://www.researchireland.ie/news/european-research-council-award-irish-based-researchers/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Research Ireland |date=5 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Frontier-led research, the ERC and the role of university communities in securing their future |url=https://www.the-guild.eu/news-and-blog/news/2017/1frontier-led-research-the-erc-and-the-role-of-univ.html |website=The Guild |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Increasing your researchers' chances of winning ERC grants {{!}} EURAXESS |url=https://www.euraxess.me/montenegro/news/increasing-your-researchers-chances-winning-erc-grants |website=www.euraxess.me |access-date=16 May 2025 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=An introduction to ERC Starting and Consolidator Grants |url=https://worldfactory.de/veranstaltungen/details/an-introduction-to-erc-starting-and-consolidator-grants-345 |website=worldfactory.de |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> '' Researchers from any field can compete for the grants that support pioneering projects. The ERC competitions are open to top researchers also from outside the union. The average success rate is about 12%. <ref>{{Citation| title=basic statistics for ERC funding activities| date=22 February 2017| url=http://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| access-date=12 October 2012| archive-date=2 October 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002070911/https://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| url-status=live}}</ref> Five ERC grantees have won Nobel Prizes. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|title=ERA Portal Austria – Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine goes to two ERC grantees|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=8 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308013059/https://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|title=ERC starting grant holder wins Nobel physics prize – Science-Business|website=sciencebusiness.net|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=2 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230902160227/https://sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |title=ERC grant holder awarded Nobel Prize in physics &#124; Idconsortium Consultoria Investigación + Desarrollo + Innovación (I+D+i) |access-date=2015-09-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304130551/http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |archive-date=4 March 2016 }}</ref> Grant applications are assessed by qualified experts. Excellence is the sole criterion for selection; there are neither thematic priorities, nor geographical quotas for funding. The aim is to recognise the best ideas, and confer status and visibility to the best research in Europe, while also attracting talent from abroad. '' Along with national funding bodies, the ERC aims to improve the climate for European frontier research. The Scientific Council has been keen to learn from the ERC's peers in national research councils (European and overseas) and to engage in dialogue and appropriate collaboration. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir: Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Tíreolaíocht == [[Réigiún na Teorann]] === Geografaíocht fhisiceach [[Íomhá:Glencar waterfall01.jpg| thumb | 170px | [[Loch Ghleann an Chairthe|Eas Ghleann an Chairthe]], Liatroim]] '' The region encompasses the entire northwest coast of Ireland along the [[an tAigéan Atlantach]]. Two of Ireland's longest rivers, [[an tSionainn]] and the [[an Éirne]], agus an [[Uiscebhealach na Sionainne is na hÉirne]] eatarthu. Cavan and Monaghan in the east of the region are characterized by a drumlin landscape, with hundreds of loughs interspersed between. [[Loch Aillionn]] in Leitrim is the region's largest lake, at 35 km². '' The west of the region, from [[Teallach Eathach]], County Cavan, to the Atlantic coast is largely rocky and mountainous, with coastal cliffs but also beaches in counties Sligo, Donegal and Leitrim. Leitrim has the smallest coastline of any county, at just 5&nbsp;km in length, while Donegal has the longest, at 1,134&nbsp;km. === Foraoiseacht '' there is a total of 130,345 ha of forest and woodland cover in the Border Region, equating to 11.3% of the region's land area, the national average.<ref name=govagri2017 /> '' Traditionally, the region had a very low cover forest and planting schemes were undertaken by the Department of Agriculture or [[Comhlachtaí státurraithe na hÉireann|comhlachtaí státurraithe]] such as [[Coillte]]. County Leitrim is now Ireland's most forested county at 18.9% forest cover. However, over 50% of Leitrim's forests are in private ownership.<ref name=govagri2006 /> === Aeráid '' Under [[Aicmiú aeráide Köppen]], the region experiences a maritime [[aeráid mheasartha]] [[aeráid aigéanach]], meaning cool winters, mild humid summers, and a lack of temperature extremes. Summer daytime temperatures range between 15°C agus 22°C, rarely going beyond 25°C. While the region generally experiences mild winters, upland areas typically have snow. Humidity is high year round and rainfall ranges from ~1,250&nbsp;mm ([[Marcréidh]], Sligeach) to ~1,000&nbsp;mm ([[Béal Átha hÉis]], Cabhán), evenly distributed throughout the year. <ref name=metclimate /> === Geolaíocht [[Íomhá: Benbulben2.jpg | thumb | 200px | [[Binn Ghulbain]], Contae Shligigh]] '' There are many large mountain ranges and high sea cliffs in the region, such as the [[Sléibhte Dhoire Bheatha]], [[Sliabh Liag]], the [[Binn Chuilceach]] agus [[Binn Ghulbain]]. The region is generally underlain by [[an tOrdaivíseach]] and [[an Siolúrach]] sceallaí agus gréabhacaí, laid down 417-495 million years ago. These are found in eastern Cavan and Monaghan. The bedrock of western Cavan, Leitrim and Sligo is composed mostly of [[carbónmhar]] limestones that were laid roughly 355 million years ago. However, a 1.5 billion year old narrow strip of metamorphosed gneisses extend across Sligo near [[Sliabh Gamh]].<ref name=geocavan /><ref name=geosligo /> '' County Donegal has one of the most complex geologies in Ireland. Much of the county is underlain by [[Réamhchaimbriach]] gneiss, schist and quartzite, laid down during the Grenvillian Orogeny 700 million years ago. The Border Region's highest point, [[An Earagail]], at 751 m, is composed of Precambrian quartzite. '' Ireland's oldest rocks, laid down 1.78 billion years ago, are found on the island of [[Inis Trá Tholl]].<ref name=gsi /> Inis Trá Tholl is Ireland's most northerly island, located approximately 10&nbsp;km north of [[Cionn Mhálanna]], mainland Ireland's most northerly point. '' [[Loch Súilí]] in Donegal is one of Ireland's three fjords. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Buntásc == __NOINDEX__ __NOTOC__ 2e9fs7bbu3wmxpz2lx1tjosm7xnb1j4 1322733 1322732 2026-08-05T22:45:15Z Marcas.oduinn 33120 1322733 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ceanntásc == (an t)Údarás um..., (an) G(h)níomhaireacht um... (an) Comhbheartas Talmhaíochta. Cé acu sa teideal? Féach: * [http://www.gaois.ie gaois.ie]. * ''Wikidata list'' [[Úsáideoir:Marcas.oduinn/Clár Dubh/Wikidata list/Contaetha na hÉireann#Réigiún na hÉireann|Réigiúin na hÉireann]]. === Réigiún === {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top;" ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin NUTS |- | style="text-align:center" | [[Íomhá:IrelandRegions.png | center]] | align=center | [[Íomhá:NUTS3 Boundaries Ireland.png | center]] |- | style="vertical-align:top;" | Réigiúin na hÉireann: * (A) Tuaisceart * (B) Iarthar * (C) Iardheisceart * (D) Oirdheisceart * (E) Oirthear [BÁC] * (F) [[Lár na Tíre (Éire)]] | style="vertical-align:top;" | '''Réigiúin''' NUTS 3 na hÉireann: * [[Réigiún na Teorann|Teorainn]] * [[Réigiún an Iarthair|Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún Lár na Tíre|Lár na Tíre]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Oirthir|Lár-Oirthear]] * [[Réigiún Bhaile Átha Cliath|Baile Átha Cliath]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Iarthair|Lár-Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún an Oirdheiscirt|Oirdheisceart]] * [[Réigiún an Iardheiscirt|Iardheisceart]] |} {| |- | [[Íomhá:Newborderregionboundary.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Border region.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map West region.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map Midlands.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid East Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Mid-East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Island_of_Ireland_location_map_Dublin.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:SE Region Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map South East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map South West.svg | 80px]] |} === Acrainm === * [[Aicmiú Comhchoiteann na nAonad Críche maidir le Staidreamh|NUTS]] - Acáise * [[Comhordú an Eolais ar an Timpeallacht|CORINE]] - Ceolta * [[CORDIS]] - SeoTaifeach * [[Inter-Active Terminology for Europe|IATE]] - Tighe == Eile == {{tl|Gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|state=collapsed}} * [[Gníomhaireacht Sábháilteachta Eitlíochta an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2002), [[Institiúid Eorpach um Nuálaíocht agus Teicneolaíocht]] (2008), [[Comhlacht na Rialálaithe Eorpacha um Chumarsáid Leictreonach]] (BEREC) (2009) &leftarrow; (BEREC Office) - [[Gníomhaireacht Tacaíochta BEREC]] (2018), [[an tÚdarás um Páirtithe Polaitiúla Eorpacha agus um Fhondúireachtaí Polaitiúla Eorpacha]] (2016), [[EU-CyCLONe]] (2020), [[Údarás Custaim an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2026) * [[:Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EISMEA), an [[Lárionad Eorpach Inniúlachta um Thionsclaíocht, Teicneolaíocht agus Taighde Cibearshlándála]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Oideachas agus Cultúr]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol]] (CINEA) # ''[[:en:European Research Executive Agency|Research]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:European Research Council Executive Agency|Research Council]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development|Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development]] - [[Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch]] # ''[[:en:European Green Deal|European Green Deal]]'' - <s>an [[Comhaontú Glas Don Eoraip]]=</s>an[[Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip]] (&rightarrow; [[Dlí Athchóirithe Nádúir an Aontais Eorpaigh]]) #* [[Fís Eorpach]] # ''[[:en:LIFE Programme|LIFE Programme]]'' - [[Clár LIFE]] == Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch == '' The '''Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development''', also called '''Framework Programmes''' or abbreviated '''FP1''' to '''FP9''', are funding programmes created by the [[Aontas Eorpach]]/[[Coimisiún Eorpach]] to support and foster research in the [[European Research Area]] (ERA). Starting in 2014, the funding programmes were named '''Horizon'''. '' The funding programmes began in 1984 and continue to the present day. The most recent programme, [[Fís Eorpach]], has a budget of 95.5 billion Euros to be distributed over seven years. '' The specific objectives and actions vary between funding periods. In FP6 and FP7, focus was on technological research. In [[Fís 2020]], the focus was on innovation, delivering economic growth faster, and delivering solutions to end users that are often governmental agencies. == Stair Conducting European research policies and implementing European research programmes is an obligation under the [[Conradh Amstardam]], which includes a chapter on research and technological development. The programmes are defined by commission civil servants who are aided by various official advisory group and lobby groups. To advise the an Coimisiún Eorpach on the overall strategy to be followed in carrying out the Information and Communication Technology thematic priority, the Information Society Technologies Advisory Group (ISTAG) was set up. <ref name=:0>{{lua idirlín | url = http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | teideal = ISTAG website | foilsitheoir = cordis.lu | dáta = 20 Deireadh Fómhair 2011 | dátarochtana = 29 Samhain 2011 | archive-date=26 April 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060426010836/http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | url-status=dead}}</ref> == The framework programmes '' The framework programmes, up until Framework Programme 6 (FP6), covered five-year periods; but from Framework Programme 7 (FP7) onward, programmes run for seven years. The Framework Programmes, and their budgets in billions of Euros, are presented in the table below. <ref name=>Artis, M. J. and F. Nixson, Eds. "The Economics of the European Union: Policy and Analysis" (4th ed.), Oxford University Press 2007</ref> For FP1–FP5, program expenditures were made in [[Aonad Airgeadra Eorpach]]; from FP6 onward budgets were in Euros. The values presented below are in Euros. {| class="wikitable" |- ! ID !! Framework programme !! Period !! Budget (billion €) |- | FP1 || First <ref name=cead>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31983Y0804(01) Council resolution of 25 July 1983 on framework programmes for Community research, development and demonstration activities and a first framework programme 1984 to 1987]; OJ C208 – 04/08/1983; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1984–1987 || 3.8 |- | FP2 || Second <ref name=dara>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31987D0516 Council Decision of 28 September 1987 concerning the framework programme for Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1987 to 1991)]; OJ L302 – 24 October 1987; 87/516/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1987–1991 || 5.4 |- | FP3 || Third <ref name=triu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31990D0221 Council Decision of 23 April 1990 concerning the framework Programme of Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1990 to 1994)]; OJ L117 – 08/05/1990; 90/221/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1990–1994 || 6.6 |- | FP4 || Fourth <ref name=ceathru>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31994D1110 Decision No 1110/94/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 April 1994 concerning the fourth framework programme of the European Community activities in the field of research and technological development and demonstration]; OJ L126 – 18 May 1994; No 1110/94/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1994–1998 || 13.2 |- | FP5 || Fifth <ref name=cuigiu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31999D0182 Decision No 182/1999/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 December 1998 concerning the fifth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (1998 to 2002)]; OJ L26 – 01/02/1999; No 182/1999/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1998–2002 || 15.0 |- | FP6 || Sixth <ref name=seu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32002D1513 Decision No 1513/2002/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2002 concerning the sixth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities, contributing to the creation of the European Research Area and to innovation (2002 to 2006)]; OJ L232 – 29 August 2002; No 1513/2002/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 2002–2006 || 16.3 |- | FP7 || Seventh || 2007–2013 || 50.5 over seven years<br />+ 2.7 for [[Euratom]] over five years <ref name=fp7>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/fp7/understanding/fp7inbrief/structure_en.html |title= How is FP 7 structured? from FP7 in Brief | foilsitheoir = European Commission | dátarochtana = 31 Iúil 2011}}</ref> |- | FP8 || [[Fís 2020]] (ochtú) <ref name=Cordis2020>{{lua idirlín | teideal = The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_ga.cfm?pg=h2020 | dátarochtana = 19 Iúil 2012}}</ref> || 2014–2020 || 77 <ref name=>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/horizon2020/document.cfm?doc_id=17607 | retail = Research and innovation funding: making a real difference | dáta =2016|website=European Commission |dátarochtana = 30 Eanáir 2018}}</ref> |- | FP9 || [[Fís Eorpach]] <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |last=Cordis|title=The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation|url=http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_en.cfm?pg=h2020https://ec.europa.eu/info/horizon-europe-next-research-and-innovation-framework-programme_en|access-date=15 August 2019}}</ref> || 2021–2027 || 95.5 <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/funding/funding-opportunities/funding-programmes-and-open-calls/horizon-europe_en | title=Horizon Europe | date=22 December 2025 }}</ref> <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://eufunds.me/what-is-the-budget-of-horizon-europe/ | title=What is the budget of Horizon Europe? | date=6 May 2021 }}</ref> |- | FP10 | Horizon Europe | 2028-2034 | 175 (''proposal'') <ref name=>{{Cite web |title=EU budget 2028-2034 |url=https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/eu-budget/long-term-eu-budget/eu-budget-2028-2034_en |access-date=2025-07-22 |website=commission.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> |} == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip == [[File:CO2_emissions_EU.svg|thumb|Development of CO₂ emissions in the [[European Union]]]] [[File:Co-emissions-per-capita (2).png|thumb|CO₂ emissions per capita in the European Union]] [[File:CO2 emission pie chart.svg|thumb|Global [[List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions|carbon dioxide emissions]] by jurisdiction, 2023]] '' The '''European Green Deal''', approved in 2020, is a set of policy initiatives by the [[European Commission]] with the overarching aim of making the [[European Union]] (EU) [[Net-zero emissions|climate neutral]] in 2050.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/the-commissions-green-deal-plan-unveiled/|title=Europe's Green Deal plan unveiled | last1=Tamma|first1=Paola|last2=Schaart|first2=Eline|date=11 December 2019|website=POLITICO|access-date=29 December 2019|last3=Gurzu|first3=Anca}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy-environment/news/eu-commission-unveils-european-green-deal-the-key-points/|title=EU Commission unveils 'European Green Deal': The key points|last=Simon|first=Frédéric|date=11 December 2019 | work =euractiv.com|access-date=29 December 2019}}</ref> The plan is to review each existing law on its climate merits, and also introduce new legislation on the [[circular economy]] (CE), [[building renovation]], [[biodiversity]], farming and [[innovation]].<ref name=":0" /> '' The president of the European Commission, [[Ursula von der Leyen]], stated that the European Green Deal would be Europe's "man on the moon moment".<ref name=":0"/> On 13 December 2019, the [[European Council]] decided to press ahead with the plan, with an opt-out for [[Poland]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/dec/13/european-green-deal-to-press-ahead-despite-polish-targets-opt-out|title=European Green Deal to press ahead despite Polish targets opt-out| sloinne =Rankin|first=Jennifer|date=13 December 2019|work=The Guardian|access-date=29 December 2019|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> On 15 January 2020, the [[European Parliament]] voted to support the deal as well, with requests for higher ambition.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.europeaninterest.eu/article/parliament-supports-european-green-deal/|title=Parliament supports European Green Deal|last=Benakis|first=Theodoros|date=15 January 2020|website=European Interest|access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref> A year later, the European Climate Law was passed, which legislated that [[greenhouse gas emissions]] should be 55% lower in 2030 compared to 1990. The [[Fit for 55]] package is a large set of proposed legislation detailing how the European Union plans to reach this target.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Climate-change-law-in-Europe-what-do-new-EU-climate-laws-mean-for-the-courts.pdf |title=Climate change law in Europe: What do new EU climate laws mean for the courts? |last1=Higham |first1=Catherine |last2=Setzer |first2=Joana |date=March 2023 |publisher=[[Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment]] |page=3 |last3=Narulla |first3=Harj |last4=Bradeen |first4=Emily |access-date=2 April 2023}}</ref> ETS2 is the new [[European Union Emissions Trading System|EU Emissions Trading System]] that will enter into force in 2027 and, for the first time in history, will set a price for CO2 emissions from fuels used in the building and road transport sectors.<ref name="ETS2"/> '' The [[European Commission]]'s climate change strategy, launched in 2020, is focused on a promise to make Europe a [[Carbon neutrality|net-zero]] emitter of [[greenhouse gas]]es by 2050 and to demonstrate that economies will develop without increasing resource usage. However, the Green Deal has measures to ensure that nations that are already reliant on [[fossil fuels]] are not left behind in the transition to renewable energy.<ref>{{Cite web|title=International investors enter Poland renewable energy market after rule change|url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/poland-renewable-energy|access-date=20 May 2021|website=European Investment Bank}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Unconventional Mitigation|url=https://www.swp-berlin.org/10.18449/2020RP08/|access-date=20 May 2021|journal=SWP Research Paper|year=2020|doi=10.18449/2020RP08|last1=Geden|first1=Oliver|last2=Schenuit|first2=Felix|author3=Stiftung Wissenschaft Und Politik}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=€33 trillion investor group: strong EU climate targets key to economic recovery & future growth|website=IIGCC|url=https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/|access-date=20 May 2021|archive-date=9 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230109195100/https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/}}</ref> The green transition is a top priority for Europe. The EU member states want to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030 from 1990 levels, and become climate neutral by 2050.<ref name="eib.org">{{Cite web |title=Europe needs to forge ahead with renewable energy |url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/renewable-energy-europe-africa |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=European Investment Bank}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Fit for 55 |url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/green-deal/fit-for-55-the-eu-plan-for-a-green-transition/ |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=consilium.europa.eu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Jaeger |first1=Carlo |last2=Mielke |first2=Jahel |last3=Schütze |first3=Franziska |last4=Teitge |first4=Jonas |last5=Wolf |first5=Sarah |date=2021 |title=The European Green Deal – More Than Climate Neutrality |url=https://www.intereconomics.eu/contents/year/2021/number/2/article/the-european-green-deal-more-than-climate-neutrality.html |journal=Intereconomics |volume=2021 |issue=2 |pages=99–107}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Net Zero Coalition |url=https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/net-zero-coalition |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=United Nations}}</ref> '' Von der Leyen appointed [[Frans Timmermans]] as Executive Vice President of the European Commission for the European Green Deal in 2019. He was succeeded by [[Maroš Šefčovič]] in 2023,<ref name="climateaction">{{Cite web |last1=Mathiesen |first1=Karl |last2=Weise |first2=Zia |last3=Lynch |first3=Suzanne |date=22 August 2023 |title=Šefčovič replaces Timmermans as EU Green Deal chief |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/frans-timmermans-quit-eu-climate-chief-return-dutch-politics/ |access-date=31 December 2023 |website=[[Politico Europe]] }}</ref> and [[Teresa Ribera]] in 2024. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde == | headquarters = [[an Bhruiséil]], [[an Bheilg]] | leader_name = Marc Tachelet Is [[gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|gníomhaireacht feidhmiúcháin]] an [[an Coimisiún Eorpach|Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde'''<ref name=iate /> (Béarla: ''European Research Executive Agency'' ('''REA'''). '' Established in 2007, it manages parts of the European Union's research and innovation programmes, including [[Horizon Europe]] and the [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]], and provides administrative support for EU-funded research projects.<ref name=about /><ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Stair '' The agency was established by the European Commission on 14 December 2007 to implement parts of the [[Seventh Framework Programme]].<ref name=CELEX:32008D0046 /> Its mandate was extended in 2013 to manage significant parts of [[Horizon 2020]], the EU's framework programme for research and innovation for 2014–2020.<ref name=CELEX:32013D0778 /> '' In 2021, the Commission renewed the agency's mandate for the 2021–2027 financial period through Implementing Decision (EU) 2021/173, under which the REA became one of six executive agencies responsible for implementing programmes funded under the EU budget.<ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Freagrachtaí '' Since 2021, the REA has managed parts of several European Union programmes, including: * [[Fís Eorpach]], particularly: ** [[Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions]] ** Research infrastructures ** Cnuasach 2: Culture, Creativity and Inclusive Society ** Cnuasach 3: Civil Security for Society ** Cnuasach 6: Food, Bioeconomy, Natural Resources, Agriculture and Environment ** Widening participation and spreading excellence ** Reforming and enhancing the European research and innovation system * [[Fís 2020]] * Promotion of agricultural products * [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]] '' The agency also manages the Commission's [[Research Enquiry Service]], coordinates the evaluation of research proposals by independent experts, provides administrative support to beneficiaries of EU funding programmes, and carries out legal and financial validation of grants and procurement procedures.<ref name=resp /> == Rialtas '' The REA is an executive agency of the European Commission and operates under the supervision of the Commission. It is headed by a director and overseen by a steering committee composed of representatives of the Commission departments responsible for the programmes managed by the agency.<ref name=org /> == Buiséad '' For the 2021–2027 programming period, the REA manages approximately €22.7&nbsp;billion in EU funding. During the [[Horizon 2020]] programme (2014–2020), it managed around €17&nbsp;billion, compared with €6.4&nbsp;billion under the [[Seventh Framework Programme]] (2007–2013).<ref name=about /> == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/3591743/ga | teideal = Téarma: an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32021D0173>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32021D0173 | teideal = Cinneadh Cur Chun Feidhme (AE) 2021/173 ón gCoimisiún an 12 Feabhra 2021 lena mbunaítear ... '''an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde''' ... | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32008D0046>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32008D0046 | teideal = 2008/46/EC: Commission Decision of 14 December 2007 setting up the Research Executive Agency for the management of certain areas of the specific Community programmes People, Capacities and Cooperation in the field of research in application of Council Regulation (EC) No 58/2003 | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32013D0778>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32013D0778 | teideal = Decision No 778/2013/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 August 2013 providing further macro-financial assistance to Georgia | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=about>{{lua idirlín | teideal = About REA | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_en |publisher=European Commission | dátarochtana = 26 Meitheamh 2026}}</ref> <ref name=resp>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Responsibilities | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us/what-we-do_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> <ref name=org>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Organisation | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> }} [[Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde == {{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} | location = [[an Bhruiséil]] '' The í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde''' (Béarla: '''European Research Council''' ('''ERC''')) is a public body for funding of scientific and technological research conducted within the [[European Union]] (EU). Established a bhliain 2007, the ERC is composed of an independent Scientific Council, its governing body consisting of distinguished researchers, and an Executive Agency, in charge of the implementation. It forms part of the framework programme of the union dedicated to research and innovation, [[Horizon 2020]], preceded by the [[Seventh Research Framework Programme]] (FP7). '' The ERC budget was over €13 billion from 2014 – 2020 and comes from the [[Horizon 2020]] programme, a part of the European Union's budget. Under Horizon 2020 it is estimated that around 7,000 ERC grantees will be funded and 42,000 team members supported, including 11,000 doctoral students and almost 16,000 post-doctoral researchers. The ERC awards to individuals are widely considered to be either among the most, or else the most prestigious grant for academics in Europe. <ref>{{cite news |last1=Amos |first1=Jonathan |title=European research goes for gold |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/mobile/science/nature/6399157.stm |access-date=16 May 2025 |agency=BBC |date=27 February 2007}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=Boe |first1=Mariangela |title=Striving for excellence with ERC funding |url=https://yerun.eu/2024/09/striving-for-excellence-with-erc-funding/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Yerun |date=24 September 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=matthews |first1=niall |title=Prestigious European Research Council award successes for Irish-based researchers |url=https://www.researchireland.ie/news/european-research-council-award-irish-based-researchers/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Research Ireland |date=5 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Frontier-led research, the ERC and the role of university communities in securing their future |url=https://www.the-guild.eu/news-and-blog/news/2017/1frontier-led-research-the-erc-and-the-role-of-univ.html |website=The Guild |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Increasing your researchers' chances of winning ERC grants {{!}} EURAXESS |url=https://www.euraxess.me/montenegro/news/increasing-your-researchers-chances-winning-erc-grants |website=www.euraxess.me |access-date=16 May 2025 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=An introduction to ERC Starting and Consolidator Grants |url=https://worldfactory.de/veranstaltungen/details/an-introduction-to-erc-starting-and-consolidator-grants-345 |website=worldfactory.de |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> '' Researchers from any field can compete for the grants that support pioneering projects. The ERC competitions are open to top researchers also from outside the union. The average success rate is about 12%. <ref>{{Citation| title=basic statistics for ERC funding activities| date=22 February 2017| url=http://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| access-date=12 October 2012| archive-date=2 October 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002070911/https://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| url-status=live}}</ref> Five ERC grantees have won Nobel Prizes. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|title=ERA Portal Austria – Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine goes to two ERC grantees|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=8 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308013059/https://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|title=ERC starting grant holder wins Nobel physics prize – Science-Business|website=sciencebusiness.net|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=2 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230902160227/https://sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |title=ERC grant holder awarded Nobel Prize in physics &#124; Idconsortium Consultoria Investigación + Desarrollo + Innovación (I+D+i) |access-date=2015-09-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304130551/http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |archive-date=4 March 2016 }}</ref> Grant applications are assessed by qualified experts. Excellence is the sole criterion for selection; there are neither thematic priorities, nor geographical quotas for funding. The aim is to recognise the best ideas, and confer status and visibility to the best research in Europe, while also attracting talent from abroad. '' Along with national funding bodies, the ERC aims to improve the climate for European frontier research. The Scientific Council has been keen to learn from the ERC's peers in national research councils (European and overseas) and to engage in dialogue and appropriate collaboration. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir: Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Tíreolaíocht == [[Réigiún na Teorann]] === Geografaíocht fhisiceach [[Íomhá:Glencar waterfall01.jpg| thumb | 170px | [[Loch Ghleann an Chairthe|Eas Ghleann an Chairthe]], Liatroim]] '' The region encompasses the entire northwest coast of Ireland along the [[an tAigéan Atlantach]]. Two of Ireland's longest rivers, [[an tSionainn]] and the [[an Éirne]], agus an [[Uiscebhealach na Sionainne is na hÉirne]] eatarthu. Cavan and Monaghan in the east of the region are characterized by a drumlin landscape, with hundreds of loughs interspersed between. [[Loch Aillionn]] in Leitrim is the region's largest lake, at 35 km². '' The west of the region, from [[Teallach Eathach]], County Cavan, to the Atlantic coast is largely rocky and mountainous, with coastal cliffs but also beaches in counties Sligo, Donegal and Leitrim. Leitrim has the smallest coastline of any county, at just 5&nbsp;km in length, while Donegal has the longest, at 1,134&nbsp;km. === Foraoiseacht '' there is a total of 130,345 ha of forest and woodland cover in the Border Region, equating to 11.3% of the region's land area, the national average.<ref name=govagri2017 /> '' Traditionally, the region had a very low cover forest and planting schemes were undertaken by the Department of Agriculture or [[Comhlachtaí státurraithe na hÉireann|comhlachtaí státurraithe]] such as [[Coillte]]. County Leitrim is now Ireland's most forested county at 18.9% forest cover. However, over 50% of Leitrim's forests are in private ownership.<ref name=govagri2006 /> === Aeráid '' Under [[Aicmiú aeráide Köppen]], the region experiences a maritime [[aeráid mheasartha]] [[aeráid aigéanach]], meaning cool winters, mild humid summers, and a lack of temperature extremes. Summer daytime temperatures range between 15°C agus 22°C, rarely going beyond 25°C. While the region generally experiences mild winters, upland areas typically have snow. Humidity is high year round and rainfall ranges from ~1,250&nbsp;mm ([[Marcréidh]], Sligeach) to ~1,000&nbsp;mm ([[Béal Átha hÉis]], Cabhán), evenly distributed throughout the year. <ref name=metclimate /> === Geolaíocht [[Íomhá: Benbulben2.jpg | thumb | 200px | [[Binn Ghulbain]], Contae Shligigh]] '' There are many large mountain ranges and high sea cliffs in the region, such as the [[Sléibhte Dhoire Bheatha]], [[Sliabh Liag]], the [[Binn Chuilceach]] agus [[Binn Ghulbain]]. The region is generally underlain by [[an tOrdaivíseach]] and [[an Siolúrach]] sceallaí agus gréabhacaí, laid down 417-495 million years ago. These are found in eastern Cavan and Monaghan. The bedrock of western Cavan, Leitrim and Sligo is composed mostly of [[carbónmhar]] limestones that were laid roughly 355 million years ago. However, a 1.5 billion year old narrow strip of metamorphosed gneisses extend across Sligo near [[Sliabh Gamh]].<ref name=geocavan /><ref name=geosligo /> '' County Donegal has one of the most complex geologies in Ireland. Much of the county is underlain by [[Réamhchaimbriach]] gneiss, schist and quartzite, laid down during the Grenvillian Orogeny 700 million years ago. The Border Region's highest point, [[An Earagail]], at 751 m, is composed of Precambrian quartzite. '' Ireland's oldest rocks, laid down 1.78 billion years ago, are found on the island of [[Inis Trá Tholl]].<ref name=gsi /> Inis Trá Tholl is Ireland's most northerly island, located approximately 10&nbsp;km north of [[Cionn Mhálanna]], mainland Ireland's most northerly point. '' [[Loch Súilí]] in Donegal is one of Ireland's three fjords. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Buntásc == __NOINDEX__ __NOTOC__ 7zne7z9bw9bbsygog5ng5tvh03kfbaj 1322736 1322733 2026-08-05T22:47:50Z Marcas.oduinn 33120 /* Eile */ 1322736 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ceanntásc == (an t)Údarás um..., (an) G(h)níomhaireacht um... (an) Comhbheartas Talmhaíochta. Cé acu sa teideal? Féach: * [http://www.gaois.ie gaois.ie]. * ''Wikidata list'' [[Úsáideoir:Marcas.oduinn/Clár Dubh/Wikidata list/Contaetha na hÉireann#Réigiún na hÉireann|Réigiúin na hÉireann]]. === Réigiún === {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top;" ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin NUTS |- | style="text-align:center" | [[Íomhá:IrelandRegions.png | center]] | align=center | [[Íomhá:NUTS3 Boundaries Ireland.png | center]] |- | style="vertical-align:top;" | Réigiúin na hÉireann: * (A) Tuaisceart * (B) Iarthar * (C) Iardheisceart * (D) Oirdheisceart * (E) Oirthear [BÁC] * (F) [[Lár na Tíre (Éire)]] | style="vertical-align:top;" | '''Réigiúin''' NUTS 3 na hÉireann: * [[Réigiún na Teorann|Teorainn]] * [[Réigiún an Iarthair|Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún Lár na Tíre|Lár na Tíre]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Oirthir|Lár-Oirthear]] * [[Réigiún Bhaile Átha Cliath|Baile Átha Cliath]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Iarthair|Lár-Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún an Oirdheiscirt|Oirdheisceart]] * [[Réigiún an Iardheiscirt|Iardheisceart]] |} {| |- | [[Íomhá:Newborderregionboundary.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Border region.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map West region.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map Midlands.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid East Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Mid-East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Island_of_Ireland_location_map_Dublin.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:SE Region Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map South East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map South West.svg | 80px]] |} === Acrainm === * [[Aicmiú Comhchoiteann na nAonad Críche maidir le Staidreamh|NUTS]] - Acáise * [[Comhordú an Eolais ar an Timpeallacht|CORINE]] - Ceolta * [[CORDIS]] - SeoTaifeach * [[Inter-Active Terminology for Europe|IATE]] - Tighe == Eile == {{tl|Gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|state=collapsed}} * [[Gníomhaireacht Sábháilteachta Eitlíochta an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2002), [[Institiúid Eorpach um Nuálaíocht agus Teicneolaíocht]] (2008), [[Comhlacht na Rialálaithe Eorpacha um Chumarsáid Leictreonach]] (BEREC) (2009) &leftarrow; (BEREC Office) - [[Gníomhaireacht Tacaíochta BEREC]] (2018), [[an tÚdarás um Páirtithe Polaitiúla Eorpacha agus um Fhondúireachtaí Polaitiúla Eorpacha]] (2016), [[EU-CyCLONe]] (2020), [[Údarás Custaim an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2026) * [[:Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EISMEA), an [[Lárionad Eorpach Inniúlachta um Thionsclaíocht, Teicneolaíocht agus Taighde Cibearshlándála]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Oideachas agus Cultúr]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol]] (CINEA) # ''[[:en:European Research Executive Agency|Research]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:European Research Council Executive Agency|Research Council]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development|Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development]] - [[Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch]] # ''[[:en:European Green Deal|European Green Deal]]'' - <s>an [[Comhaontú Glas Don Eoraip]]=</s>an[[Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip]] (&rightarrow; [[Dlí Athchóirithe Nádúir an Aontais Eorpaigh]]) #* [[Fís Eorpach]], [[Clár LIFE]] == Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch == '' The '''Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development''', also called '''Framework Programmes''' or abbreviated '''FP1''' to '''FP9''', are funding programmes created by the [[Aontas Eorpach]]/[[Coimisiún Eorpach]] to support and foster research in the [[European Research Area]] (ERA). Starting in 2014, the funding programmes were named '''Horizon'''. '' The funding programmes began in 1984 and continue to the present day. The most recent programme, [[Fís Eorpach]], has a budget of 95.5 billion Euros to be distributed over seven years. '' The specific objectives and actions vary between funding periods. In FP6 and FP7, focus was on technological research. In [[Fís 2020]], the focus was on innovation, delivering economic growth faster, and delivering solutions to end users that are often governmental agencies. == Stair Conducting European research policies and implementing European research programmes is an obligation under the [[Conradh Amstardam]], which includes a chapter on research and technological development. The programmes are defined by commission civil servants who are aided by various official advisory group and lobby groups. To advise the an Coimisiún Eorpach on the overall strategy to be followed in carrying out the Information and Communication Technology thematic priority, the Information Society Technologies Advisory Group (ISTAG) was set up. <ref name=:0>{{lua idirlín | url = http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | teideal = ISTAG website | foilsitheoir = cordis.lu | dáta = 20 Deireadh Fómhair 2011 | dátarochtana = 29 Samhain 2011 | archive-date=26 April 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060426010836/http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | url-status=dead}}</ref> == The framework programmes '' The framework programmes, up until Framework Programme 6 (FP6), covered five-year periods; but from Framework Programme 7 (FP7) onward, programmes run for seven years. The Framework Programmes, and their budgets in billions of Euros, are presented in the table below. <ref name=>Artis, M. J. and F. Nixson, Eds. "The Economics of the European Union: Policy and Analysis" (4th ed.), Oxford University Press 2007</ref> For FP1–FP5, program expenditures were made in [[Aonad Airgeadra Eorpach]]; from FP6 onward budgets were in Euros. The values presented below are in Euros. {| class="wikitable" |- ! ID !! Framework programme !! Period !! Budget (billion €) |- | FP1 || First <ref name=cead>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31983Y0804(01) Council resolution of 25 July 1983 on framework programmes for Community research, development and demonstration activities and a first framework programme 1984 to 1987]; OJ C208 – 04/08/1983; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1984–1987 || 3.8 |- | FP2 || Second <ref name=dara>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31987D0516 Council Decision of 28 September 1987 concerning the framework programme for Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1987 to 1991)]; OJ L302 – 24 October 1987; 87/516/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1987–1991 || 5.4 |- | FP3 || Third <ref name=triu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31990D0221 Council Decision of 23 April 1990 concerning the framework Programme of Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1990 to 1994)]; OJ L117 – 08/05/1990; 90/221/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1990–1994 || 6.6 |- | FP4 || Fourth <ref name=ceathru>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31994D1110 Decision No 1110/94/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 April 1994 concerning the fourth framework programme of the European Community activities in the field of research and technological development and demonstration]; OJ L126 – 18 May 1994; No 1110/94/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1994–1998 || 13.2 |- | FP5 || Fifth <ref name=cuigiu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31999D0182 Decision No 182/1999/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 December 1998 concerning the fifth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (1998 to 2002)]; OJ L26 – 01/02/1999; No 182/1999/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1998–2002 || 15.0 |- | FP6 || Sixth <ref name=seu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32002D1513 Decision No 1513/2002/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2002 concerning the sixth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities, contributing to the creation of the European Research Area and to innovation (2002 to 2006)]; OJ L232 – 29 August 2002; No 1513/2002/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 2002–2006 || 16.3 |- | FP7 || Seventh || 2007–2013 || 50.5 over seven years<br />+ 2.7 for [[Euratom]] over five years <ref name=fp7>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/fp7/understanding/fp7inbrief/structure_en.html |title= How is FP 7 structured? from FP7 in Brief | foilsitheoir = European Commission | dátarochtana = 31 Iúil 2011}}</ref> |- | FP8 || [[Fís 2020]] (ochtú) <ref name=Cordis2020>{{lua idirlín | teideal = The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_ga.cfm?pg=h2020 | dátarochtana = 19 Iúil 2012}}</ref> || 2014–2020 || 77 <ref name=>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/horizon2020/document.cfm?doc_id=17607 | retail = Research and innovation funding: making a real difference | dáta =2016|website=European Commission |dátarochtana = 30 Eanáir 2018}}</ref> |- | FP9 || [[Fís Eorpach]] <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |last=Cordis|title=The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation|url=http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_en.cfm?pg=h2020https://ec.europa.eu/info/horizon-europe-next-research-and-innovation-framework-programme_en|access-date=15 August 2019}}</ref> || 2021–2027 || 95.5 <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/funding/funding-opportunities/funding-programmes-and-open-calls/horizon-europe_en | title=Horizon Europe | date=22 December 2025 }}</ref> <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://eufunds.me/what-is-the-budget-of-horizon-europe/ | title=What is the budget of Horizon Europe? | date=6 May 2021 }}</ref> |- | FP10 | Horizon Europe | 2028-2034 | 175 (''proposal'') <ref name=>{{Cite web |title=EU budget 2028-2034 |url=https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/eu-budget/long-term-eu-budget/eu-budget-2028-2034_en |access-date=2025-07-22 |website=commission.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> |} == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip == [[File:CO2_emissions_EU.svg|thumb|Development of CO₂ emissions in the [[European Union]]]] [[File:Co-emissions-per-capita (2).png|thumb|CO₂ emissions per capita in the European Union]] [[File:CO2 emission pie chart.svg|thumb|Global [[List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions|carbon dioxide emissions]] by jurisdiction, 2023]] '' The '''European Green Deal''', approved in 2020, is a set of policy initiatives by the [[European Commission]] with the overarching aim of making the [[European Union]] (EU) [[Net-zero emissions|climate neutral]] in 2050.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/the-commissions-green-deal-plan-unveiled/|title=Europe's Green Deal plan unveiled | last1=Tamma|first1=Paola|last2=Schaart|first2=Eline|date=11 December 2019|website=POLITICO|access-date=29 December 2019|last3=Gurzu|first3=Anca}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy-environment/news/eu-commission-unveils-european-green-deal-the-key-points/|title=EU Commission unveils 'European Green Deal': The key points|last=Simon|first=Frédéric|date=11 December 2019 | work =euractiv.com|access-date=29 December 2019}}</ref> The plan is to review each existing law on its climate merits, and also introduce new legislation on the [[circular economy]] (CE), [[building renovation]], [[biodiversity]], farming and [[innovation]].<ref name=":0" /> '' The president of the European Commission, [[Ursula von der Leyen]], stated that the European Green Deal would be Europe's "man on the moon moment".<ref name=":0"/> On 13 December 2019, the [[European Council]] decided to press ahead with the plan, with an opt-out for [[Poland]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/dec/13/european-green-deal-to-press-ahead-despite-polish-targets-opt-out|title=European Green Deal to press ahead despite Polish targets opt-out| sloinne =Rankin|first=Jennifer|date=13 December 2019|work=The Guardian|access-date=29 December 2019|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> On 15 January 2020, the [[European Parliament]] voted to support the deal as well, with requests for higher ambition.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.europeaninterest.eu/article/parliament-supports-european-green-deal/|title=Parliament supports European Green Deal|last=Benakis|first=Theodoros|date=15 January 2020|website=European Interest|access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref> A year later, the European Climate Law was passed, which legislated that [[greenhouse gas emissions]] should be 55% lower in 2030 compared to 1990. The [[Fit for 55]] package is a large set of proposed legislation detailing how the European Union plans to reach this target.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Climate-change-law-in-Europe-what-do-new-EU-climate-laws-mean-for-the-courts.pdf |title=Climate change law in Europe: What do new EU climate laws mean for the courts? |last1=Higham |first1=Catherine |last2=Setzer |first2=Joana |date=March 2023 |publisher=[[Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment]] |page=3 |last3=Narulla |first3=Harj |last4=Bradeen |first4=Emily |access-date=2 April 2023}}</ref> ETS2 is the new [[European Union Emissions Trading System|EU Emissions Trading System]] that will enter into force in 2027 and, for the first time in history, will set a price for CO2 emissions from fuels used in the building and road transport sectors.<ref name="ETS2"/> '' The [[European Commission]]'s climate change strategy, launched in 2020, is focused on a promise to make Europe a [[Carbon neutrality|net-zero]] emitter of [[greenhouse gas]]es by 2050 and to demonstrate that economies will develop without increasing resource usage. However, the Green Deal has measures to ensure that nations that are already reliant on [[fossil fuels]] are not left behind in the transition to renewable energy.<ref>{{Cite web|title=International investors enter Poland renewable energy market after rule change|url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/poland-renewable-energy|access-date=20 May 2021|website=European Investment Bank}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Unconventional Mitigation|url=https://www.swp-berlin.org/10.18449/2020RP08/|access-date=20 May 2021|journal=SWP Research Paper|year=2020|doi=10.18449/2020RP08|last1=Geden|first1=Oliver|last2=Schenuit|first2=Felix|author3=Stiftung Wissenschaft Und Politik}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=€33 trillion investor group: strong EU climate targets key to economic recovery & future growth|website=IIGCC|url=https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/|access-date=20 May 2021|archive-date=9 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230109195100/https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/}}</ref> The green transition is a top priority for Europe. The EU member states want to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030 from 1990 levels, and become climate neutral by 2050.<ref name="eib.org">{{Cite web |title=Europe needs to forge ahead with renewable energy |url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/renewable-energy-europe-africa |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=European Investment Bank}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Fit for 55 |url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/green-deal/fit-for-55-the-eu-plan-for-a-green-transition/ |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=consilium.europa.eu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Jaeger |first1=Carlo |last2=Mielke |first2=Jahel |last3=Schütze |first3=Franziska |last4=Teitge |first4=Jonas |last5=Wolf |first5=Sarah |date=2021 |title=The European Green Deal – More Than Climate Neutrality |url=https://www.intereconomics.eu/contents/year/2021/number/2/article/the-european-green-deal-more-than-climate-neutrality.html |journal=Intereconomics |volume=2021 |issue=2 |pages=99–107}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Net Zero Coalition |url=https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/net-zero-coalition |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=United Nations}}</ref> '' Von der Leyen appointed [[Frans Timmermans]] as Executive Vice President of the European Commission for the European Green Deal in 2019. He was succeeded by [[Maroš Šefčovič]] in 2023,<ref name="climateaction">{{Cite web |last1=Mathiesen |first1=Karl |last2=Weise |first2=Zia |last3=Lynch |first3=Suzanne |date=22 August 2023 |title=Šefčovič replaces Timmermans as EU Green Deal chief |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/frans-timmermans-quit-eu-climate-chief-return-dutch-politics/ |access-date=31 December 2023 |website=[[Politico Europe]] }}</ref> and [[Teresa Ribera]] in 2024. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde == | headquarters = [[an Bhruiséil]], [[an Bheilg]] | leader_name = Marc Tachelet Is [[gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|gníomhaireacht feidhmiúcháin]] an [[an Coimisiún Eorpach|Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde'''<ref name=iate /> (Béarla: ''European Research Executive Agency'' ('''REA'''). '' Established in 2007, it manages parts of the European Union's research and innovation programmes, including [[Horizon Europe]] and the [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]], and provides administrative support for EU-funded research projects.<ref name=about /><ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Stair '' The agency was established by the European Commission on 14 December 2007 to implement parts of the [[Seventh Framework Programme]].<ref name=CELEX:32008D0046 /> Its mandate was extended in 2013 to manage significant parts of [[Horizon 2020]], the EU's framework programme for research and innovation for 2014–2020.<ref name=CELEX:32013D0778 /> '' In 2021, the Commission renewed the agency's mandate for the 2021–2027 financial period through Implementing Decision (EU) 2021/173, under which the REA became one of six executive agencies responsible for implementing programmes funded under the EU budget.<ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Freagrachtaí '' Since 2021, the REA has managed parts of several European Union programmes, including: * [[Fís Eorpach]], particularly: ** [[Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions]] ** Research infrastructures ** Cnuasach 2: Culture, Creativity and Inclusive Society ** Cnuasach 3: Civil Security for Society ** Cnuasach 6: Food, Bioeconomy, Natural Resources, Agriculture and Environment ** Widening participation and spreading excellence ** Reforming and enhancing the European research and innovation system * [[Fís 2020]] * Promotion of agricultural products * [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]] '' The agency also manages the Commission's [[Research Enquiry Service]], coordinates the evaluation of research proposals by independent experts, provides administrative support to beneficiaries of EU funding programmes, and carries out legal and financial validation of grants and procurement procedures.<ref name=resp /> == Rialtas '' The REA is an executive agency of the European Commission and operates under the supervision of the Commission. It is headed by a director and overseen by a steering committee composed of representatives of the Commission departments responsible for the programmes managed by the agency.<ref name=org /> == Buiséad '' For the 2021–2027 programming period, the REA manages approximately €22.7&nbsp;billion in EU funding. During the [[Horizon 2020]] programme (2014–2020), it managed around €17&nbsp;billion, compared with €6.4&nbsp;billion under the [[Seventh Framework Programme]] (2007–2013).<ref name=about /> == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/3591743/ga | teideal = Téarma: an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32021D0173>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32021D0173 | teideal = Cinneadh Cur Chun Feidhme (AE) 2021/173 ón gCoimisiún an 12 Feabhra 2021 lena mbunaítear ... '''an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde''' ... | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32008D0046>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32008D0046 | teideal = 2008/46/EC: Commission Decision of 14 December 2007 setting up the Research Executive Agency for the management of certain areas of the specific Community programmes People, Capacities and Cooperation in the field of research in application of Council Regulation (EC) No 58/2003 | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32013D0778>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32013D0778 | teideal = Decision No 778/2013/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 August 2013 providing further macro-financial assistance to Georgia | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=about>{{lua idirlín | teideal = About REA | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_en |publisher=European Commission | dátarochtana = 26 Meitheamh 2026}}</ref> <ref name=resp>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Responsibilities | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us/what-we-do_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> <ref name=org>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Organisation | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> }} [[Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde == {{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} | location = [[an Bhruiséil]] '' The í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde''' (Béarla: '''European Research Council''' ('''ERC''')) is a public body for funding of scientific and technological research conducted within the [[European Union]] (EU). Established a bhliain 2007, the ERC is composed of an independent Scientific Council, its governing body consisting of distinguished researchers, and an Executive Agency, in charge of the implementation. It forms part of the framework programme of the union dedicated to research and innovation, [[Horizon 2020]], preceded by the [[Seventh Research Framework Programme]] (FP7). '' The ERC budget was over €13 billion from 2014 – 2020 and comes from the [[Horizon 2020]] programme, a part of the European Union's budget. Under Horizon 2020 it is estimated that around 7,000 ERC grantees will be funded and 42,000 team members supported, including 11,000 doctoral students and almost 16,000 post-doctoral researchers. The ERC awards to individuals are widely considered to be either among the most, or else the most prestigious grant for academics in Europe. <ref>{{cite news |last1=Amos |first1=Jonathan |title=European research goes for gold |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/mobile/science/nature/6399157.stm |access-date=16 May 2025 |agency=BBC |date=27 February 2007}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=Boe |first1=Mariangela |title=Striving for excellence with ERC funding |url=https://yerun.eu/2024/09/striving-for-excellence-with-erc-funding/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Yerun |date=24 September 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=matthews |first1=niall |title=Prestigious European Research Council award successes for Irish-based researchers |url=https://www.researchireland.ie/news/european-research-council-award-irish-based-researchers/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Research Ireland |date=5 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Frontier-led research, the ERC and the role of university communities in securing their future |url=https://www.the-guild.eu/news-and-blog/news/2017/1frontier-led-research-the-erc-and-the-role-of-univ.html |website=The Guild |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Increasing your researchers' chances of winning ERC grants {{!}} EURAXESS |url=https://www.euraxess.me/montenegro/news/increasing-your-researchers-chances-winning-erc-grants |website=www.euraxess.me |access-date=16 May 2025 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=An introduction to ERC Starting and Consolidator Grants |url=https://worldfactory.de/veranstaltungen/details/an-introduction-to-erc-starting-and-consolidator-grants-345 |website=worldfactory.de |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> '' Researchers from any field can compete for the grants that support pioneering projects. The ERC competitions are open to top researchers also from outside the union. The average success rate is about 12%. <ref>{{Citation| title=basic statistics for ERC funding activities| date=22 February 2017| url=http://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| access-date=12 October 2012| archive-date=2 October 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002070911/https://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| url-status=live}}</ref> Five ERC grantees have won Nobel Prizes. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|title=ERA Portal Austria – Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine goes to two ERC grantees|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=8 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308013059/https://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|title=ERC starting grant holder wins Nobel physics prize – Science-Business|website=sciencebusiness.net|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=2 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230902160227/https://sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |title=ERC grant holder awarded Nobel Prize in physics &#124; Idconsortium Consultoria Investigación + Desarrollo + Innovación (I+D+i) |access-date=2015-09-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304130551/http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |archive-date=4 March 2016 }}</ref> Grant applications are assessed by qualified experts. Excellence is the sole criterion for selection; there are neither thematic priorities, nor geographical quotas for funding. The aim is to recognise the best ideas, and confer status and visibility to the best research in Europe, while also attracting talent from abroad. '' Along with national funding bodies, the ERC aims to improve the climate for European frontier research. The Scientific Council has been keen to learn from the ERC's peers in national research councils (European and overseas) and to engage in dialogue and appropriate collaboration. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir: Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Tíreolaíocht == [[Réigiún na Teorann]] === Geografaíocht fhisiceach [[Íomhá:Glencar waterfall01.jpg| thumb | 170px | [[Loch Ghleann an Chairthe|Eas Ghleann an Chairthe]], Liatroim]] '' The region encompasses the entire northwest coast of Ireland along the [[an tAigéan Atlantach]]. Two of Ireland's longest rivers, [[an tSionainn]] and the [[an Éirne]], agus an [[Uiscebhealach na Sionainne is na hÉirne]] eatarthu. Cavan and Monaghan in the east of the region are characterized by a drumlin landscape, with hundreds of loughs interspersed between. [[Loch Aillionn]] in Leitrim is the region's largest lake, at 35 km². '' The west of the region, from [[Teallach Eathach]], County Cavan, to the Atlantic coast is largely rocky and mountainous, with coastal cliffs but also beaches in counties Sligo, Donegal and Leitrim. Leitrim has the smallest coastline of any county, at just 5&nbsp;km in length, while Donegal has the longest, at 1,134&nbsp;km. === Foraoiseacht '' there is a total of 130,345 ha of forest and woodland cover in the Border Region, equating to 11.3% of the region's land area, the national average.<ref name=govagri2017 /> '' Traditionally, the region had a very low cover forest and planting schemes were undertaken by the Department of Agriculture or [[Comhlachtaí státurraithe na hÉireann|comhlachtaí státurraithe]] such as [[Coillte]]. County Leitrim is now Ireland's most forested county at 18.9% forest cover. However, over 50% of Leitrim's forests are in private ownership.<ref name=govagri2006 /> === Aeráid '' Under [[Aicmiú aeráide Köppen]], the region experiences a maritime [[aeráid mheasartha]] [[aeráid aigéanach]], meaning cool winters, mild humid summers, and a lack of temperature extremes. Summer daytime temperatures range between 15°C agus 22°C, rarely going beyond 25°C. While the region generally experiences mild winters, upland areas typically have snow. Humidity is high year round and rainfall ranges from ~1,250&nbsp;mm ([[Marcréidh]], Sligeach) to ~1,000&nbsp;mm ([[Béal Átha hÉis]], Cabhán), evenly distributed throughout the year. <ref name=metclimate /> === Geolaíocht [[Íomhá: Benbulben2.jpg | thumb | 200px | [[Binn Ghulbain]], Contae Shligigh]] '' There are many large mountain ranges and high sea cliffs in the region, such as the [[Sléibhte Dhoire Bheatha]], [[Sliabh Liag]], the [[Binn Chuilceach]] agus [[Binn Ghulbain]]. The region is generally underlain by [[an tOrdaivíseach]] and [[an Siolúrach]] sceallaí agus gréabhacaí, laid down 417-495 million years ago. These are found in eastern Cavan and Monaghan. The bedrock of western Cavan, Leitrim and Sligo is composed mostly of [[carbónmhar]] limestones that were laid roughly 355 million years ago. However, a 1.5 billion year old narrow strip of metamorphosed gneisses extend across Sligo near [[Sliabh Gamh]].<ref name=geocavan /><ref name=geosligo /> '' County Donegal has one of the most complex geologies in Ireland. Much of the county is underlain by [[Réamhchaimbriach]] gneiss, schist and quartzite, laid down during the Grenvillian Orogeny 700 million years ago. The Border Region's highest point, [[An Earagail]], at 751 m, is composed of Precambrian quartzite. '' Ireland's oldest rocks, laid down 1.78 billion years ago, are found on the island of [[Inis Trá Tholl]].<ref name=gsi /> Inis Trá Tholl is Ireland's most northerly island, located approximately 10&nbsp;km north of [[Cionn Mhálanna]], mainland Ireland's most northerly point. '' [[Loch Súilí]] in Donegal is one of Ireland's three fjords. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Buntásc == __NOINDEX__ __NOTOC__ 2dl49ythciac549c6kgj7gsyx6wtwws 1322737 1322736 2026-08-05T23:10:40Z Marcas.oduinn 33120 /* Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip */ 1322737 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ceanntásc == (an t)Údarás um..., (an) G(h)níomhaireacht um... (an) Comhbheartas Talmhaíochta. Cé acu sa teideal? Féach: * [http://www.gaois.ie gaois.ie]. * ''Wikidata list'' [[Úsáideoir:Marcas.oduinn/Clár Dubh/Wikidata list/Contaetha na hÉireann#Réigiún na hÉireann|Réigiúin na hÉireann]]. === Réigiún === {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top;" ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin NUTS |- | style="text-align:center" | [[Íomhá:IrelandRegions.png | center]] | align=center | [[Íomhá:NUTS3 Boundaries Ireland.png | center]] |- | style="vertical-align:top;" | Réigiúin na hÉireann: * (A) Tuaisceart * (B) Iarthar * (C) Iardheisceart * (D) Oirdheisceart * (E) Oirthear [BÁC] * (F) [[Lár na Tíre (Éire)]] | style="vertical-align:top;" | '''Réigiúin''' NUTS 3 na hÉireann: * [[Réigiún na Teorann|Teorainn]] * [[Réigiún an Iarthair|Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún Lár na Tíre|Lár na Tíre]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Oirthir|Lár-Oirthear]] * [[Réigiún Bhaile Átha Cliath|Baile Átha Cliath]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Iarthair|Lár-Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún an Oirdheiscirt|Oirdheisceart]] * [[Réigiún an Iardheiscirt|Iardheisceart]] |} {| |- | [[Íomhá:Newborderregionboundary.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Border region.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map West region.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map Midlands.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid East Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Mid-East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Island_of_Ireland_location_map_Dublin.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:SE Region Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map South East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map South West.svg | 80px]] |} === Acrainm === * [[Aicmiú Comhchoiteann na nAonad Críche maidir le Staidreamh|NUTS]] - Acáise * [[Comhordú an Eolais ar an Timpeallacht|CORINE]] - Ceolta * [[CORDIS]] - SeoTaifeach * [[Inter-Active Terminology for Europe|IATE]] - Tighe == Eile == {{tl|Gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|state=collapsed}} * [[Gníomhaireacht Sábháilteachta Eitlíochta an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2002), [[Institiúid Eorpach um Nuálaíocht agus Teicneolaíocht]] (2008), [[Comhlacht na Rialálaithe Eorpacha um Chumarsáid Leictreonach]] (BEREC) (2009) &leftarrow; (BEREC Office) - [[Gníomhaireacht Tacaíochta BEREC]] (2018), [[an tÚdarás um Páirtithe Polaitiúla Eorpacha agus um Fhondúireachtaí Polaitiúla Eorpacha]] (2016), [[EU-CyCLONe]] (2020), [[Údarás Custaim an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2026) * [[:Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EISMEA), an [[Lárionad Eorpach Inniúlachta um Thionsclaíocht, Teicneolaíocht agus Taighde Cibearshlándála]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Oideachas agus Cultúr]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol]] (CINEA) # ''[[:en:European Research Executive Agency|Research]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:European Research Council Executive Agency|Research Council]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development|Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development]] - [[Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch]] # ''[[:en:European Green Deal|European Green Deal]]'' - <s>an [[Comhaontú Glas Don Eoraip]]=</s>an[[Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip]] (&rightarrow; [[Dlí Athchóirithe Nádúir an Aontais Eorpaigh]]) #* [[Fís Eorpach]], [[Clár LIFE]] == Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch == '' The '''Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development''', also called '''Framework Programmes''' or abbreviated '''FP1''' to '''FP9''', are funding programmes created by the [[Aontas Eorpach]]/[[Coimisiún Eorpach]] to support and foster research in the [[European Research Area]] (ERA). Starting in 2014, the funding programmes were named '''Horizon'''. '' The funding programmes began in 1984 and continue to the present day. The most recent programme, [[Fís Eorpach]], has a budget of 95.5 billion Euros to be distributed over seven years. '' The specific objectives and actions vary between funding periods. In FP6 and FP7, focus was on technological research. In [[Fís 2020]], the focus was on innovation, delivering economic growth faster, and delivering solutions to end users that are often governmental agencies. == Stair Conducting European research policies and implementing European research programmes is an obligation under the [[Conradh Amstardam]], which includes a chapter on research and technological development. The programmes are defined by commission civil servants who are aided by various official advisory group and lobby groups. To advise the an Coimisiún Eorpach on the overall strategy to be followed in carrying out the Information and Communication Technology thematic priority, the Information Society Technologies Advisory Group (ISTAG) was set up. <ref name=:0>{{lua idirlín | url = http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | teideal = ISTAG website | foilsitheoir = cordis.lu | dáta = 20 Deireadh Fómhair 2011 | dátarochtana = 29 Samhain 2011 | archive-date=26 April 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060426010836/http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | url-status=dead}}</ref> == The framework programmes '' The framework programmes, up until Framework Programme 6 (FP6), covered five-year periods; but from Framework Programme 7 (FP7) onward, programmes run for seven years. The Framework Programmes, and their budgets in billions of Euros, are presented in the table below. <ref name=>Artis, M. J. and F. Nixson, Eds. "The Economics of the European Union: Policy and Analysis" (4th ed.), Oxford University Press 2007</ref> For FP1–FP5, program expenditures were made in [[Aonad Airgeadra Eorpach]]; from FP6 onward budgets were in Euros. The values presented below are in Euros. {| class="wikitable" |- ! ID !! Framework programme !! Period !! Budget (billion €) |- | FP1 || First <ref name=cead>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31983Y0804(01) Council resolution of 25 July 1983 on framework programmes for Community research, development and demonstration activities and a first framework programme 1984 to 1987]; OJ C208 – 04/08/1983; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1984–1987 || 3.8 |- | FP2 || Second <ref name=dara>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31987D0516 Council Decision of 28 September 1987 concerning the framework programme for Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1987 to 1991)]; OJ L302 – 24 October 1987; 87/516/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1987–1991 || 5.4 |- | FP3 || Third <ref name=triu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31990D0221 Council Decision of 23 April 1990 concerning the framework Programme of Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1990 to 1994)]; OJ L117 – 08/05/1990; 90/221/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1990–1994 || 6.6 |- | FP4 || Fourth <ref name=ceathru>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31994D1110 Decision No 1110/94/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 April 1994 concerning the fourth framework programme of the European Community activities in the field of research and technological development and demonstration]; OJ L126 – 18 May 1994; No 1110/94/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1994–1998 || 13.2 |- | FP5 || Fifth <ref name=cuigiu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31999D0182 Decision No 182/1999/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 December 1998 concerning the fifth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (1998 to 2002)]; OJ L26 – 01/02/1999; No 182/1999/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1998–2002 || 15.0 |- | FP6 || Sixth <ref name=seu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32002D1513 Decision No 1513/2002/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2002 concerning the sixth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities, contributing to the creation of the European Research Area and to innovation (2002 to 2006)]; OJ L232 – 29 August 2002; No 1513/2002/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 2002–2006 || 16.3 |- | FP7 || Seventh || 2007–2013 || 50.5 over seven years<br />+ 2.7 for [[Euratom]] over five years <ref name=fp7>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/fp7/understanding/fp7inbrief/structure_en.html |title= How is FP 7 structured? from FP7 in Brief | foilsitheoir = European Commission | dátarochtana = 31 Iúil 2011}}</ref> |- | FP8 || [[Fís 2020]] (ochtú) <ref name=Cordis2020>{{lua idirlín | teideal = The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_ga.cfm?pg=h2020 | dátarochtana = 19 Iúil 2012}}</ref> || 2014–2020 || 77 <ref name=>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/horizon2020/document.cfm?doc_id=17607 | retail = Research and innovation funding: making a real difference | dáta =2016|website=European Commission |dátarochtana = 30 Eanáir 2018}}</ref> |- | FP9 || [[Fís Eorpach]] <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |last=Cordis|title=The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation|url=http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_en.cfm?pg=h2020https://ec.europa.eu/info/horizon-europe-next-research-and-innovation-framework-programme_en|access-date=15 August 2019}}</ref> || 2021–2027 || 95.5 <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/funding/funding-opportunities/funding-programmes-and-open-calls/horizon-europe_en | title=Horizon Europe | date=22 December 2025 }}</ref> <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://eufunds.me/what-is-the-budget-of-horizon-europe/ | title=What is the budget of Horizon Europe? | date=6 May 2021 }}</ref> |- | FP10 | Horizon Europe | 2028-2034 | 175 (''proposal'') <ref name=>{{Cite web |title=EU budget 2028-2034 |url=https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/eu-budget/long-term-eu-budget/eu-budget-2028-2034_en |access-date=2025-07-22 |website=commission.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> |} == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip == [[Íomhá:CO2_emissions_EU.svg | mion | ''Development of CO₂ emissions in the [[European Union]]]] [[Íomhá:Co-emissions-per-capita (2).png | mion | ''CO₂ emissions per capita in the European Union]] [[Íomhá:CO2 emission pie chart.svg | mion | ''Global [[List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions|carbon dioxide emissions]] by jurisdiction, 2023]] '' The '''Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip''' <ref name=iate />(Béarla: '''European Green Deal'''), approved in 2020, is a set of policy initiatives by the [[an Coimisiún Eorpach]] with the overarching aim of making the [[Aontas Eorpach]] (AE) [[Net-zero emissions|climate neutral]] in 2050. <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/the-commissions-green-deal-plan-unveiled/|title=Europe's Green Deal plan unveiled | last1=Tamma|first1=Paola|last2=Schaart|first2=Eline|date=11 December 2019|website=POLITICO|access-date=29 December 2019|last3=Gurzu|first3=Anca}}</ref> <ref name=:0>{{lua idirlín |url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy-environment/news/eu-commission-unveils-european-green-deal-the-key-points/|title=EU Commission unveils 'European Green Deal': The key points|last=Simon|first=Frédéric|date=11 December 2019 | work =euractiv.com|access-date=29 December 2019}}</ref> The plan is to review each existing law on its climate merits, and also introduce new legislation on the [[circular economy]], [[building renovation]], [[biodiversity]], farming agus [[innovation]].<ref name=:0 /> '' The president of the European Commission, [[Ursula von der Leyen]], stated that the European Green Deal would be Europe's "man on the moon moment".<ref name=:0 /> On 13 December 2019, the [[European Council]] decided to press ahead with the plan, with an opt-out for [[an Pholainn]]. <ref name=>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/dec/13/european-green-deal-to-press-ahead-despite-polish-targets-opt-out|title=European Green Deal to press ahead despite Polish targets opt-out| sloinne =Rankin|first=Jennifer|date=13 December 2019|work=The Guardian|access-date=29 December 2019|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> On 15 January 2020, the [[Parlaimint na hEorpa]] voted to support the deal as well, with requests for higher ambition. <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |url=https://www.europeaninterest.eu/article/parliament-supports-european-green-deal/|title=Parliament supports European Green Deal|last=Benakis|first=Theodoros|date=15 January 2020|website=European Interest|access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref> A year later, the European Climate Law was passed, which legislated that [[greenhouse gas emissions]] should be 55% lower in 2030 compared to 1990. The [[Fit for 55]] package is a large set of proposed legislation detailing how the European Union plans to reach this target. <ref>{{Cite report | url = https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Climate-change-law-in-Europe-what-do-new-EU-climate-laws-mean-for-the-courts.pdf |title=Climate change law in Europe: What do new EU climate laws mean for the courts? |last1=Higham |first1=Catherine |last2=Setzer |first2=Joana |date=March 2023 |publisher=[[Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment]] |page=3 |last3=Narulla |first3=Harj |last4=Bradeen |first4=Emily |access-date=2 April 2023}}</ref> ETS2 is the new [[European Union Emissions Trading System|EU Emissions Trading System]] that will enter into force in 2027 and, for the first time in history, will set a price for CO2 emissions from fuels used in the building and road transport sectors.<ref name="ETS2"/> '' The [[an Coimisiún Eorpach]]'s climate change strategy, launched in 2020, is focused on a promise to make Europe a [[Carbon neutrality|net-zero]] emitter of [[greenhouse gas]]es by 2050 and to demonstrate that economies will develop without increasing resource usage. However, the Green Deal has measures to ensure that nations that are already reliant on [[fossil fuels]] are not left behind in the transition to renewable energy. <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |title=International investors enter Poland renewable energy market after rule change|url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/poland-renewable-energy|access-date=20 May 2021|website=European Investment Bank}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Unconventional Mitigation|url=https://www.swp-berlin.org/10.18449/2020RP08/|access-date=20 May 2021|journal=SWP Research Paper|year=2020|doi=10.18449/2020RP08|last1=Geden|first1=Oliver|last2=Schenuit|first2=Felix|author3=Stiftung Wissenschaft Und Politik}}</ref> <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |title=€33 trillion investor group: strong EU climate targets key to economic recovery & future growth|website=IIGCC|url=https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/|access-date=20 May 2021|archive-date=9 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230109195100/https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/}}</ref> The green transition is a top priority for Europe. The EU member states want to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030 from 1990 levels, and become climate neutral by 2050. <ref name=eib.org>{{lua idirlín |title=Europe needs to forge ahead with renewable energy |url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/renewable-energy-europe-africa |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=European Investment Bank}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Fit for 55 |url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/green-deal/fit-for-55-the-eu-plan-for-a-green-transition/ |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=consilium.europa.eu}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Jaeger |first1=Carlo |last2=Mielke |first2=Jahel |last3=Schütze |first3=Franziska |last4=Teitge |first4=Jonas |last5=Wolf |first5=Sarah |date=2021 |title=The European Green Deal – More Than Climate Neutrality |url=https://www.intereconomics.eu/contents/year/2021/number/2/article/the-european-green-deal-more-than-climate-neutrality.html |journal=Intereconomics |volume=2021 |issue=2 |pages=99–107}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Net Zero Coalition |url=https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/net-zero-coalition |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=United Nations}}</ref> '' Von der Leyen appointed [[Frans Timmermans]] as Executive Vice President of the European Commission for the European Green Deal in 2019. He was succeeded by [[Maroš Šefčovič]] in 2023,<ref name="climateaction">{{Cite web |last1=Mathiesen |first1=Karl |last2=Weise |first2=Zia |last3=Lynch |first3=Suzanne |date=22 August 2023 |title=Šefčovič replaces Timmermans as EU Green Deal chief |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/frans-timmermans-quit-eu-climate-chief-return-dutch-politics/ |access-date=31 December 2023 |website=[[Politico Europe]] }}</ref> and [[Teresa Ribera]] in 2024. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde == | headquarters = [[an Bhruiséil]], [[an Bheilg]] | leader_name = Marc Tachelet Is [[gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|gníomhaireacht feidhmiúcháin]] an [[an Coimisiún Eorpach|Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde'''<ref name=iate /> (Béarla: ''European Research Executive Agency'' ('''REA'''). '' Established in 2007, it manages parts of the European Union's research and innovation programmes, including [[Horizon Europe]] and the [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]], and provides administrative support for EU-funded research projects.<ref name=about /><ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Stair '' The agency was established by the European Commission on 14 December 2007 to implement parts of the [[Seventh Framework Programme]].<ref name=CELEX:32008D0046 /> Its mandate was extended in 2013 to manage significant parts of [[Horizon 2020]], the EU's framework programme for research and innovation for 2014–2020.<ref name=CELEX:32013D0778 /> '' In 2021, the Commission renewed the agency's mandate for the 2021–2027 financial period through Implementing Decision (EU) 2021/173, under which the REA became one of six executive agencies responsible for implementing programmes funded under the EU budget.<ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Freagrachtaí '' Since 2021, the REA has managed parts of several European Union programmes, including: * [[Fís Eorpach]], particularly: ** [[Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions]] ** Research infrastructures ** Cnuasach 2: Culture, Creativity and Inclusive Society ** Cnuasach 3: Civil Security for Society ** Cnuasach 6: Food, Bioeconomy, Natural Resources, Agriculture and Environment ** Widening participation and spreading excellence ** Reforming and enhancing the European research and innovation system * [[Fís 2020]] * Promotion of agricultural products * [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]] '' The agency also manages the Commission's [[Research Enquiry Service]], coordinates the evaluation of research proposals by independent experts, provides administrative support to beneficiaries of EU funding programmes, and carries out legal and financial validation of grants and procurement procedures.<ref name=resp /> == Rialtas '' The REA is an executive agency of the European Commission and operates under the supervision of the Commission. It is headed by a director and overseen by a steering committee composed of representatives of the Commission departments responsible for the programmes managed by the agency.<ref name=org /> == Buiséad '' For the 2021–2027 programming period, the REA manages approximately €22.7&nbsp;billion in EU funding. During the [[Horizon 2020]] programme (2014–2020), it managed around €17&nbsp;billion, compared with €6.4&nbsp;billion under the [[Seventh Framework Programme]] (2007–2013).<ref name=about /> == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/3591743/ga | teideal = Téarma: an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32021D0173>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32021D0173 | teideal = Cinneadh Cur Chun Feidhme (AE) 2021/173 ón gCoimisiún an 12 Feabhra 2021 lena mbunaítear ... '''an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde''' ... | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32008D0046>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32008D0046 | teideal = 2008/46/EC: Commission Decision of 14 December 2007 setting up the Research Executive Agency for the management of certain areas of the specific Community programmes People, Capacities and Cooperation in the field of research in application of Council Regulation (EC) No 58/2003 | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32013D0778>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32013D0778 | teideal = Decision No 778/2013/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 August 2013 providing further macro-financial assistance to Georgia | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=about>{{lua idirlín | teideal = About REA | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_en |publisher=European Commission | dátarochtana = 26 Meitheamh 2026}}</ref> <ref name=resp>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Responsibilities | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us/what-we-do_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> <ref name=org>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Organisation | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> }} [[Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde == {{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} | location = [[an Bhruiséil]] '' The í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde''' (Béarla: '''European Research Council''' ('''ERC''')) is a public body for funding of scientific and technological research conducted within the [[European Union]] (EU). Established a bhliain 2007, the ERC is composed of an independent Scientific Council, its governing body consisting of distinguished researchers, and an Executive Agency, in charge of the implementation. It forms part of the framework programme of the union dedicated to research and innovation, [[Horizon 2020]], preceded by the [[Seventh Research Framework Programme]] (FP7). '' The ERC budget was over €13 billion from 2014 – 2020 and comes from the [[Horizon 2020]] programme, a part of the European Union's budget. Under Horizon 2020 it is estimated that around 7,000 ERC grantees will be funded and 42,000 team members supported, including 11,000 doctoral students and almost 16,000 post-doctoral researchers. The ERC awards to individuals are widely considered to be either among the most, or else the most prestigious grant for academics in Europe. <ref>{{cite news |last1=Amos |first1=Jonathan |title=European research goes for gold |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/mobile/science/nature/6399157.stm |access-date=16 May 2025 |agency=BBC |date=27 February 2007}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=Boe |first1=Mariangela |title=Striving for excellence with ERC funding |url=https://yerun.eu/2024/09/striving-for-excellence-with-erc-funding/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Yerun |date=24 September 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=matthews |first1=niall |title=Prestigious European Research Council award successes for Irish-based researchers |url=https://www.researchireland.ie/news/european-research-council-award-irish-based-researchers/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Research Ireland |date=5 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Frontier-led research, the ERC and the role of university communities in securing their future |url=https://www.the-guild.eu/news-and-blog/news/2017/1frontier-led-research-the-erc-and-the-role-of-univ.html |website=The Guild |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Increasing your researchers' chances of winning ERC grants {{!}} EURAXESS |url=https://www.euraxess.me/montenegro/news/increasing-your-researchers-chances-winning-erc-grants |website=www.euraxess.me |access-date=16 May 2025 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=An introduction to ERC Starting and Consolidator Grants |url=https://worldfactory.de/veranstaltungen/details/an-introduction-to-erc-starting-and-consolidator-grants-345 |website=worldfactory.de |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> '' Researchers from any field can compete for the grants that support pioneering projects. The ERC competitions are open to top researchers also from outside the union. The average success rate is about 12%. <ref>{{Citation| title=basic statistics for ERC funding activities| date=22 February 2017| url=http://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| access-date=12 October 2012| archive-date=2 October 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002070911/https://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| url-status=live}}</ref> Five ERC grantees have won Nobel Prizes. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|title=ERA Portal Austria – Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine goes to two ERC grantees|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=8 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308013059/https://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|title=ERC starting grant holder wins Nobel physics prize – Science-Business|website=sciencebusiness.net|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=2 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230902160227/https://sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |title=ERC grant holder awarded Nobel Prize in physics &#124; Idconsortium Consultoria Investigación + Desarrollo + Innovación (I+D+i) |access-date=2015-09-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304130551/http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |archive-date=4 March 2016 }}</ref> Grant applications are assessed by qualified experts. Excellence is the sole criterion for selection; there are neither thematic priorities, nor geographical quotas for funding. The aim is to recognise the best ideas, and confer status and visibility to the best research in Europe, while also attracting talent from abroad. '' Along with national funding bodies, the ERC aims to improve the climate for European frontier research. The Scientific Council has been keen to learn from the ERC's peers in national research councils (European and overseas) and to engage in dialogue and appropriate collaboration. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir: Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Tíreolaíocht == [[Réigiún na Teorann]] === Geografaíocht fhisiceach [[Íomhá:Glencar waterfall01.jpg| thumb | 170px | [[Loch Ghleann an Chairthe|Eas Ghleann an Chairthe]], Liatroim]] '' The region encompasses the entire northwest coast of Ireland along the [[an tAigéan Atlantach]]. Two of Ireland's longest rivers, [[an tSionainn]] and the [[an Éirne]], agus an [[Uiscebhealach na Sionainne is na hÉirne]] eatarthu. Cavan and Monaghan in the east of the region are characterized by a drumlin landscape, with hundreds of loughs interspersed between. [[Loch Aillionn]] in Leitrim is the region's largest lake, at 35 km². '' The west of the region, from [[Teallach Eathach]], County Cavan, to the Atlantic coast is largely rocky and mountainous, with coastal cliffs but also beaches in counties Sligo, Donegal and Leitrim. Leitrim has the smallest coastline of any county, at just 5&nbsp;km in length, while Donegal has the longest, at 1,134&nbsp;km. === Foraoiseacht '' there is a total of 130,345 ha of forest and woodland cover in the Border Region, equating to 11.3% of the region's land area, the national average.<ref name=govagri2017 /> '' Traditionally, the region had a very low cover forest and planting schemes were undertaken by the Department of Agriculture or [[Comhlachtaí státurraithe na hÉireann|comhlachtaí státurraithe]] such as [[Coillte]]. County Leitrim is now Ireland's most forested county at 18.9% forest cover. However, over 50% of Leitrim's forests are in private ownership.<ref name=govagri2006 /> === Aeráid '' Under [[Aicmiú aeráide Köppen]], the region experiences a maritime [[aeráid mheasartha]] [[aeráid aigéanach]], meaning cool winters, mild humid summers, and a lack of temperature extremes. Summer daytime temperatures range between 15°C agus 22°C, rarely going beyond 25°C. While the region generally experiences mild winters, upland areas typically have snow. Humidity is high year round and rainfall ranges from ~1,250&nbsp;mm ([[Marcréidh]], Sligeach) to ~1,000&nbsp;mm ([[Béal Átha hÉis]], Cabhán), evenly distributed throughout the year. <ref name=metclimate /> === Geolaíocht [[Íomhá: Benbulben2.jpg | thumb | 200px | [[Binn Ghulbain]], Contae Shligigh]] '' There are many large mountain ranges and high sea cliffs in the region, such as the [[Sléibhte Dhoire Bheatha]], [[Sliabh Liag]], the [[Binn Chuilceach]] agus [[Binn Ghulbain]]. The region is generally underlain by [[an tOrdaivíseach]] and [[an Siolúrach]] sceallaí agus gréabhacaí, laid down 417-495 million years ago. These are found in eastern Cavan and Monaghan. The bedrock of western Cavan, Leitrim and Sligo is composed mostly of [[carbónmhar]] limestones that were laid roughly 355 million years ago. However, a 1.5 billion year old narrow strip of metamorphosed gneisses extend across Sligo near [[Sliabh Gamh]].<ref name=geocavan /><ref name=geosligo /> '' County Donegal has one of the most complex geologies in Ireland. Much of the county is underlain by [[Réamhchaimbriach]] gneiss, schist and quartzite, laid down during the Grenvillian Orogeny 700 million years ago. The Border Region's highest point, [[An Earagail]], at 751 m, is composed of Precambrian quartzite. '' Ireland's oldest rocks, laid down 1.78 billion years ago, are found on the island of [[Inis Trá Tholl]].<ref name=gsi /> Inis Trá Tholl is Ireland's most northerly island, located approximately 10&nbsp;km north of [[Cionn Mhálanna]], mainland Ireland's most northerly point. '' [[Loch Súilí]] in Donegal is one of Ireland's three fjords. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Buntásc == __NOINDEX__ __NOTOC__ 6j5jhkn34jnwinfowvcxp2rferjruid 1322753 1322737 2026-08-06T00:48:31Z Marcas.oduinn 33120 1322753 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ceanntásc == (an t)Údarás um..., (an) G(h)níomhaireacht um... (an) Comhbheartas Talmhaíochta. Cé acu sa teideal? Féach: * [http://www.gaois.ie gaois.ie]. * ''Wikidata list'' [[Úsáideoir:Marcas.oduinn/Clár Dubh/Wikidata list/Contaetha na hÉireann#Réigiún na hÉireann|Réigiúin na hÉireann]]. === Réigiún === {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top;" ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin NUTS |- | style="text-align:center" | [[Íomhá:IrelandRegions.png | center]] | align=center | [[Íomhá:NUTS3 Boundaries Ireland.png | center]] |- | style="vertical-align:top;" | Réigiúin na hÉireann: * (A) Tuaisceart * (B) Iarthar * (C) Iardheisceart * (D) Oirdheisceart * (E) Oirthear [BÁC] * (F) [[Lár na Tíre (Éire)]] | style="vertical-align:top;" | '''Réigiúin''' NUTS 3 na hÉireann: * [[Réigiún na Teorann|Teorainn]] * [[Réigiún an Iarthair|Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún Lár na Tíre|Lár na Tíre]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Oirthir|Lár-Oirthear]] * [[Réigiún Bhaile Átha Cliath|Baile Átha Cliath]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Iarthair|Lár-Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún an Oirdheiscirt|Oirdheisceart]] * [[Réigiún an Iardheiscirt|Iardheisceart]] |} {| |- | [[Íomhá:Newborderregionboundary.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Border region.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map West region.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map Midlands.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid East Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Mid-East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Island_of_Ireland_location_map_Dublin.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:SE Region Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map South East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map South West.svg | 80px]] |} === Acrainm === * [[Aicmiú Comhchoiteann na nAonad Críche maidir le Staidreamh|NUTS]] - Acáise * [[Comhordú an Eolais ar an Timpeallacht|CORINE]] - Ceolta * [[CORDIS]] - SeoTaifeach * [[Inter-Active Terminology for Europe|IATE]] - Tighe == Eile == {{tl|Gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|state=collapsed}} * [[Gníomhaireacht Sábháilteachta Eitlíochta an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2002), [[Institiúid Eorpach um Nuálaíocht agus Teicneolaíocht]] (2008), [[Comhlacht na Rialálaithe Eorpacha um Chumarsáid Leictreonach]] (BEREC) (2009) &leftarrow; (BEREC Office) - [[Gníomhaireacht Tacaíochta BEREC]] (2018), [[an tÚdarás um Páirtithe Polaitiúla Eorpacha agus um Fhondúireachtaí Polaitiúla Eorpacha]] (2016), [[EU-CyCLONe]] (2020), [[Údarás Custaim an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2026) * [[:Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EISMEA), an [[Lárionad Eorpach Inniúlachta um Thionsclaíocht, Teicneolaíocht agus Taighde Cibearshlándála]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Oideachas agus Cultúr]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol]] (CINEA) # ''[[:en:European Research Executive Agency|Research]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:European Research Council Executive Agency|Research Council]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development|Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development]] - [[Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch]] # ''[[:en:European Green Deal|European Green Deal]]'' - <s>an [[Comhaontú Glas Don Eoraip]]=</s>an[[Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip]] (&rightarrow; [[Dlí Athchóirithe Nádúir an Aontais Eorpaigh]]) #* [[Fís Eorpach]], [[Clár LIFE]] == Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch == '' The '''Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development''', also called '''Framework Programmes''' or abbreviated '''FP1''' to '''FP9''', are funding programmes created by the [[Aontas Eorpach]]/[[Coimisiún Eorpach]] to support and foster research in the [[European Research Area]] (ERA). Starting in 2014, the funding programmes were named '''Horizon'''. '' The funding programmes began in 1984 and continue to the present day. The most recent programme, [[Fís Eorpach]], has a budget of 95.5 billion Euros to be distributed over seven years. '' The specific objectives and actions vary between funding periods. In FP6 and FP7, focus was on technological research. In [[Fís 2020]], the focus was on innovation, delivering economic growth faster, and delivering solutions to end users that are often governmental agencies. == Stair Conducting European research policies and implementing European research programmes is an obligation under the [[Conradh Amstardam]], which includes a chapter on research and technological development. The programmes are defined by commission civil servants who are aided by various official advisory group and lobby groups. To advise the an Coimisiún Eorpach on the overall strategy to be followed in carrying out the Information and Communication Technology thematic priority, the Information Society Technologies Advisory Group (ISTAG) was set up. <ref name=:0>{{lua idirlín | url = http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | teideal = ISTAG website | foilsitheoir = cordis.lu | dáta = 20 Deireadh Fómhair 2011 | dátarochtana = 29 Samhain 2011 | archive-date=26 April 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060426010836/http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | url-status=dead}}</ref> == The framework programmes '' The framework programmes, up until Framework Programme 6 (FP6), covered five-year periods; but from Framework Programme 7 (FP7) onward, programmes run for seven years. The Framework Programmes, and their budgets in billions of Euros, are presented in the table below. <ref name=>Artis, M. J. and F. Nixson, Eds. "The Economics of the European Union: Policy and Analysis" (4th ed.), Oxford University Press 2007</ref> For FP1–FP5, program expenditures were made in [[Aonad Airgeadra Eorpach]]; from FP6 onward budgets were in Euros. The values presented below are in Euros. {| class="wikitable" |- ! ID !! Framework programme !! Period !! Budget (billion €) |- | FP1 || First <ref name=cead>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31983Y0804(01) Council resolution of 25 July 1983 on framework programmes for Community research, development and demonstration activities and a first framework programme 1984 to 1987]; OJ C208 – 04/08/1983; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1984–1987 || 3.8 |- | FP2 || Second <ref name=dara>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31987D0516 Council Decision of 28 September 1987 concerning the framework programme for Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1987 to 1991)]; OJ L302 – 24 October 1987; 87/516/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1987–1991 || 5.4 |- | FP3 || Third <ref name=triu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31990D0221 Council Decision of 23 April 1990 concerning the framework Programme of Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1990 to 1994)]; OJ L117 – 08/05/1990; 90/221/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1990–1994 || 6.6 |- | FP4 || Fourth <ref name=ceathru>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31994D1110 Decision No 1110/94/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 April 1994 concerning the fourth framework programme of the European Community activities in the field of research and technological development and demonstration]; OJ L126 – 18 May 1994; No 1110/94/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1994–1998 || 13.2 |- | FP5 || Fifth <ref name=cuigiu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31999D0182 Decision No 182/1999/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 December 1998 concerning the fifth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (1998 to 2002)]; OJ L26 – 01/02/1999; No 182/1999/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1998–2002 || 15.0 |- | FP6 || Sixth <ref name=seu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32002D1513 Decision No 1513/2002/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2002 concerning the sixth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities, contributing to the creation of the European Research Area and to innovation (2002 to 2006)]; OJ L232 – 29 August 2002; No 1513/2002/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 2002–2006 || 16.3 |- | FP7 || Seventh || 2007–2013 || 50.5 over seven years<br />+ 2.7 for [[Euratom]] over five years <ref name=fp7>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/fp7/understanding/fp7inbrief/structure_en.html |title= How is FP 7 structured? from FP7 in Brief | foilsitheoir = European Commission | dátarochtana = 31 Iúil 2011}}</ref> |- | FP8 || [[Fís 2020]] (ochtú) <ref name=Cordis2020>{{lua idirlín | teideal = The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_ga.cfm?pg=h2020 | dátarochtana = 19 Iúil 2012}}</ref> || 2014–2020 || 77 <ref name=>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/horizon2020/document.cfm?doc_id=17607 | retail = Research and innovation funding: making a real difference | dáta =2016|website=European Commission |dátarochtana = 30 Eanáir 2018}}</ref> |- | FP9 || [[Fís Eorpach]] <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |last=Cordis|title=The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation|url=http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_en.cfm?pg=h2020https://ec.europa.eu/info/horizon-europe-next-research-and-innovation-framework-programme_en|access-date=15 August 2019}}</ref> || 2021–2027 || 95.5 <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/funding/funding-opportunities/funding-programmes-and-open-calls/horizon-europe_en | title=Horizon Europe | date=22 December 2025 }}</ref> <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://eufunds.me/what-is-the-budget-of-horizon-europe/ | title=What is the budget of Horizon Europe? | date=6 May 2021 }}</ref> |- | FP10 | Horizon Europe | 2028-2034 | 175 (''proposal'') <ref name=>{{Cite web |title=EU budget 2028-2034 |url=https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/eu-budget/long-term-eu-budget/eu-budget-2028-2034_en |access-date=2025-07-22 |website=commission.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> |} == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip == [[Íomhá:CO2_emissions_EU.svg | mion | ''Development of CO₂ emissions in the [[European Union]]]] [[Íomhá:Co-emissions-per-capita (2).png | mion | ''CO₂ emissions per capita in the European Union]] [[Íomhá:CO2 emission pie chart.svg | mion | ''Global [[List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions|carbon dioxide emissions]] by jurisdiction, 2023]] '' The '''Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip''' <ref name=iate />(Béarla: '''European Green Deal'''), approved in 2020, is a set of policy initiatives by the [[an Coimisiún Eorpach]] with the overarching aim of making the [[Aontas Eorpach]] (AE) [[Net-zero emissions|climate neutral]] in 2050. <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/the-commissions-green-deal-plan-unveiled/|title=Europe's Green Deal plan unveiled | last1=Tamma|first1=Paola|last2=Schaart|first2=Eline|date=11 December 2019|website=POLITICO|access-date=29 December 2019|last3=Gurzu|first3=Anca}}</ref> <ref name=:0>{{lua idirlín |url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy-environment/news/eu-commission-unveils-european-green-deal-the-key-points/|title=EU Commission unveils 'European Green Deal': The key points|last=Simon|first=Frédéric|date=11 December 2019 | work =euractiv.com|access-date=29 December 2019}}</ref> The plan is to review each existing law on its climate merits, and also introduce new legislation on the [[circular economy]], [[building renovation]], [[biodiversity]], farming agus [[innovation]].<ref name=:0 /> '' The president of the European Commission, [[Ursula von der Leyen]], stated that the European Green Deal would be Europe's "man on the moon moment".<ref name=:0 /> On 13 December 2019, the [[European Council]] decided to press ahead with the plan, with an opt-out for [[an Pholainn]]. <ref name=>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/dec/13/european-green-deal-to-press-ahead-despite-polish-targets-opt-out|title=European Green Deal to press ahead despite Polish targets opt-out| sloinne =Rankin|first=Jennifer|date=13 December 2019|work=The Guardian|access-date=29 December 2019|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> On 15 January 2020, the [[Parlaimint na hEorpa]] voted to support the deal as well, with requests for higher ambition. <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |url=https://www.europeaninterest.eu/article/parliament-supports-european-green-deal/|title=Parliament supports European Green Deal|last=Benakis|first=Theodoros|date=15 January 2020|website=European Interest|access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref> A year later, the European Climate Law was passed, which legislated that [[greenhouse gas emissions]] should be 55% lower in 2030 compared to 1990. The [[Fit for 55]] package is a large set of proposed legislation detailing how the European Union plans to reach this target. <ref>{{Cite report | url = https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Climate-change-law-in-Europe-what-do-new-EU-climate-laws-mean-for-the-courts.pdf |title=Climate change law in Europe: What do new EU climate laws mean for the courts? |last1=Higham |first1=Catherine |last2=Setzer |first2=Joana |date=March 2023 |publisher=[[Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment]] |page=3 |last3=Narulla |first3=Harj |last4=Bradeen |first4=Emily |access-date=2 April 2023}}</ref> ETS2 is the new [[European Union Emissions Trading System|EU Emissions Trading System]] that will enter into force in 2027 and, for the first time in history, will set a price for CO2 emissions from fuels used in the building and road transport sectors.<ref name="ETS2"/> '' The [[an Coimisiún Eorpach]]'s climate change strategy, launched in 2020, is focused on a promise to make Europe a [[Carbon neutrality|net-zero]] emitter of [[greenhouse gas]]es by 2050 and to demonstrate that economies will develop without increasing resource usage. However, the Green Deal has measures to ensure that nations that are already reliant on [[fossil fuels]] are not left behind in the transition to renewable energy. <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |title=International investors enter Poland renewable energy market after rule change|url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/poland-renewable-energy|access-date=20 May 2021|website=European Investment Bank}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Unconventional Mitigation|url=https://www.swp-berlin.org/10.18449/2020RP08/|access-date=20 May 2021|journal=SWP Research Paper|year=2020|doi=10.18449/2020RP08|last1=Geden|first1=Oliver|last2=Schenuit|first2=Felix|author3=Stiftung Wissenschaft Und Politik}}</ref> <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |title=€33 trillion investor group: strong EU climate targets key to economic recovery & future growth|website=IIGCC|url=https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/|access-date=20 May 2021|archive-date=9 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230109195100/https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/}}</ref> The green transition is a top priority for Europe. The EU member states want to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030 from 1990 levels, and become climate neutral by 2050. <ref name=eib.org>{{lua idirlín |title=Europe needs to forge ahead with renewable energy |url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/renewable-energy-europe-africa |access-date=23 December 2022 | work =European Investment Bank}}</ref> <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |title=Fit for 55 |url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/green-deal/fit-for-55-the-eu-plan-for-a-green-transition/ |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=consilium.europa.eu}}</ref> <ref name=>{{Cite journal |last1=Jaeger |first1=Carlo |last2=Mielke |first2=Jahel |last3=Schütze |first3=Franziska |last4=Teitge |first4=Jonas |last5=Wolf |first5=Sarah |date=2021 |title=The European Green Deal – More Than Climate Neutrality |url=https://www.intereconomics.eu/contents/year/2021/number/2/article/the-european-green-deal-more-than-climate-neutrality.html |journal=Intereconomics |volume=2021 |issue=2 |pages=99–107}}</ref> <ref name=>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Net Zero Coalition |url=https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/net-zero-coalition |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=United Nations}}</ref> '' Von der Leyen appointed [[Frans Timmermans]] as Executive Vice President of the European Commission for the European Green Deal in 2019. He was succeeded by [[Maroš Šefčovič]] in 2023, <ref name=climateaction>{{lua idirlín | sloinne = Mathiesen | ainm = Karl |last2=Weise |first2=Zia |last3=Lynch |first3=Suzanne |date=22 August 2023 |title=Šefčovič replaces Timmermans as EU Green Deal chief | url = https://www.politico.eu/article/frans-timmermans-quit-eu-climate-chief-return-dutch-politics/ |access-date=31 December 2023 |website=[[Politico Europe]]}}</ref> and [[Teresa Ribera]] in 2024. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde == | headquarters = [[an Bhruiséil]], [[an Bheilg]] | leader_name = Marc Tachelet Is [[gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|gníomhaireacht feidhmiúcháin]] an [[an Coimisiún Eorpach|Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde'''<ref name=iate /> (Béarla: ''European Research Executive Agency'' ('''REA'''). '' Established in 2007, it manages parts of the European Union's research and innovation programmes, including [[Horizon Europe]] and the [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]], and provides administrative support for EU-funded research projects.<ref name=about /><ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Stair '' The agency was established by the European Commission on 14 December 2007 to implement parts of the [[Seventh Framework Programme]].<ref name=CELEX:32008D0046 /> Its mandate was extended in 2013 to manage significant parts of [[Horizon 2020]], the EU's framework programme for research and innovation for 2014–2020.<ref name=CELEX:32013D0778 /> '' In 2021, the Commission renewed the agency's mandate for the 2021–2027 financial period through Implementing Decision (EU) 2021/173, under which the REA became one of six executive agencies responsible for implementing programmes funded under the EU budget.<ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Freagrachtaí '' Since 2021, the REA has managed parts of several European Union programmes, including: * [[Fís Eorpach]], particularly: ** [[Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions]] ** Research infrastructures ** Cnuasach 2: Culture, Creativity and Inclusive Society ** Cnuasach 3: Civil Security for Society ** Cnuasach 6: Food, Bioeconomy, Natural Resources, Agriculture and Environment ** Widening participation and spreading excellence ** Reforming and enhancing the European research and innovation system * [[Fís 2020]] * Promotion of agricultural products * [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]] '' The agency also manages the Commission's [[Research Enquiry Service]], coordinates the evaluation of research proposals by independent experts, provides administrative support to beneficiaries of EU funding programmes, and carries out legal and financial validation of grants and procurement procedures.<ref name=resp /> == Rialtas '' The REA is an executive agency of the European Commission and operates under the supervision of the Commission. It is headed by a director and overseen by a steering committee composed of representatives of the Commission departments responsible for the programmes managed by the agency.<ref name=org /> == Buiséad '' For the 2021–2027 programming period, the REA manages approximately €22.7&nbsp;billion in EU funding. During the [[Horizon 2020]] programme (2014–2020), it managed around €17&nbsp;billion, compared with €6.4&nbsp;billion under the [[Seventh Framework Programme]] (2007–2013).<ref name=about /> == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/3591743/ga | teideal = Téarma: an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32021D0173>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32021D0173 | teideal = Cinneadh Cur Chun Feidhme (AE) 2021/173 ón gCoimisiún an 12 Feabhra 2021 lena mbunaítear ... '''an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde''' ... | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32008D0046>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32008D0046 | teideal = 2008/46/EC: Commission Decision of 14 December 2007 setting up the Research Executive Agency for the management of certain areas of the specific Community programmes People, Capacities and Cooperation in the field of research in application of Council Regulation (EC) No 58/2003 | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32013D0778>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32013D0778 | teideal = Decision No 778/2013/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 August 2013 providing further macro-financial assistance to Georgia | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=about>{{lua idirlín | teideal = About REA | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_en |publisher=European Commission | dátarochtana = 26 Meitheamh 2026}}</ref> <ref name=resp>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Responsibilities | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us/what-we-do_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> <ref name=org>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Organisation | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> }} [[Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde == {{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} | location = [[an Bhruiséil]] '' The í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde''' (Béarla: '''European Research Council''' ('''ERC''')) is a public body for funding of scientific and technological research conducted within the [[European Union]] (EU). Established a bhliain 2007, the ERC is composed of an independent Scientific Council, its governing body consisting of distinguished researchers, and an Executive Agency, in charge of the implementation. It forms part of the framework programme of the union dedicated to research and innovation, [[Horizon 2020]], preceded by the [[Seventh Research Framework Programme]] (FP7). '' The ERC budget was over €13 billion from 2014 – 2020 and comes from the [[Horizon 2020]] programme, a part of the European Union's budget. Under Horizon 2020 it is estimated that around 7,000 ERC grantees will be funded and 42,000 team members supported, including 11,000 doctoral students and almost 16,000 post-doctoral researchers. The ERC awards to individuals are widely considered to be either among the most, or else the most prestigious grant for academics in Europe. <ref>{{cite news |last1=Amos |first1=Jonathan |title=European research goes for gold |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/mobile/science/nature/6399157.stm |access-date=16 May 2025 |agency=BBC |date=27 February 2007}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=Boe |first1=Mariangela |title=Striving for excellence with ERC funding |url=https://yerun.eu/2024/09/striving-for-excellence-with-erc-funding/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Yerun |date=24 September 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=matthews |first1=niall |title=Prestigious European Research Council award successes for Irish-based researchers |url=https://www.researchireland.ie/news/european-research-council-award-irish-based-researchers/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Research Ireland |date=5 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Frontier-led research, the ERC and the role of university communities in securing their future |url=https://www.the-guild.eu/news-and-blog/news/2017/1frontier-led-research-the-erc-and-the-role-of-univ.html |website=The Guild |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Increasing your researchers' chances of winning ERC grants {{!}} EURAXESS |url=https://www.euraxess.me/montenegro/news/increasing-your-researchers-chances-winning-erc-grants |website=www.euraxess.me |access-date=16 May 2025 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=An introduction to ERC Starting and Consolidator Grants |url=https://worldfactory.de/veranstaltungen/details/an-introduction-to-erc-starting-and-consolidator-grants-345 |website=worldfactory.de |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> '' Researchers from any field can compete for the grants that support pioneering projects. The ERC competitions are open to top researchers also from outside the union. The average success rate is about 12%. <ref>{{Citation| title=basic statistics for ERC funding activities| date=22 February 2017| url=http://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| access-date=12 October 2012| archive-date=2 October 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002070911/https://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| url-status=live}}</ref> Five ERC grantees have won Nobel Prizes. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|title=ERA Portal Austria – Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine goes to two ERC grantees|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=8 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308013059/https://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|title=ERC starting grant holder wins Nobel physics prize – Science-Business|website=sciencebusiness.net|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=2 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230902160227/https://sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |title=ERC grant holder awarded Nobel Prize in physics &#124; Idconsortium Consultoria Investigación + Desarrollo + Innovación (I+D+i) |access-date=2015-09-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304130551/http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |archive-date=4 March 2016 }}</ref> Grant applications are assessed by qualified experts. Excellence is the sole criterion for selection; there are neither thematic priorities, nor geographical quotas for funding. The aim is to recognise the best ideas, and confer status and visibility to the best research in Europe, while also attracting talent from abroad. '' Along with national funding bodies, the ERC aims to improve the climate for European frontier research. The Scientific Council has been keen to learn from the ERC's peers in national research councils (European and overseas) and to engage in dialogue and appropriate collaboration. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir: Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Tíreolaíocht == [[Réigiún na Teorann]] === Geografaíocht fhisiceach [[Íomhá:Glencar waterfall01.jpg| thumb | 170px | [[Loch Ghleann an Chairthe|Eas Ghleann an Chairthe]], Liatroim]] '' The region encompasses the entire northwest coast of Ireland along the [[an tAigéan Atlantach]]. Two of Ireland's longest rivers, [[an tSionainn]] and the [[an Éirne]], agus an [[Uiscebhealach na Sionainne is na hÉirne]] eatarthu. Cavan and Monaghan in the east of the region are characterized by a drumlin landscape, with hundreds of loughs interspersed between. [[Loch Aillionn]] in Leitrim is the region's largest lake, at 35 km². '' The west of the region, from [[Teallach Eathach]], County Cavan, to the Atlantic coast is largely rocky and mountainous, with coastal cliffs but also beaches in counties Sligo, Donegal and Leitrim. Leitrim has the smallest coastline of any county, at just 5&nbsp;km in length, while Donegal has the longest, at 1,134&nbsp;km. === Foraoiseacht '' there is a total of 130,345 ha of forest and woodland cover in the Border Region, equating to 11.3% of the region's land area, the national average.<ref name=govagri2017 /> '' Traditionally, the region had a very low cover forest and planting schemes were undertaken by the Department of Agriculture or [[Comhlachtaí státurraithe na hÉireann|comhlachtaí státurraithe]] such as [[Coillte]]. County Leitrim is now Ireland's most forested county at 18.9% forest cover. However, over 50% of Leitrim's forests are in private ownership.<ref name=govagri2006 /> === Aeráid '' Under [[Aicmiú aeráide Köppen]], the region experiences a maritime [[aeráid mheasartha]] [[aeráid aigéanach]], meaning cool winters, mild humid summers, and a lack of temperature extremes. Summer daytime temperatures range between 15°C agus 22°C, rarely going beyond 25°C. While the region generally experiences mild winters, upland areas typically have snow. Humidity is high year round and rainfall ranges from ~1,250&nbsp;mm ([[Marcréidh]], Sligeach) to ~1,000&nbsp;mm ([[Béal Átha hÉis]], Cabhán), evenly distributed throughout the year. <ref name=metclimate /> === Geolaíocht [[Íomhá: Benbulben2.jpg | thumb | 200px | [[Binn Ghulbain]], Contae Shligigh]] '' There are many large mountain ranges and high sea cliffs in the region, such as the [[Sléibhte Dhoire Bheatha]], [[Sliabh Liag]], the [[Binn Chuilceach]] agus [[Binn Ghulbain]]. The region is generally underlain by [[an tOrdaivíseach]] and [[an Siolúrach]] sceallaí agus gréabhacaí, laid down 417-495 million years ago. These are found in eastern Cavan and Monaghan. The bedrock of western Cavan, Leitrim and Sligo is composed mostly of [[carbónmhar]] limestones that were laid roughly 355 million years ago. However, a 1.5 billion year old narrow strip of metamorphosed gneisses extend across Sligo near [[Sliabh Gamh]].<ref name=geocavan /><ref name=geosligo /> '' County Donegal has one of the most complex geologies in Ireland. Much of the county is underlain by [[Réamhchaimbriach]] gneiss, schist and quartzite, laid down during the Grenvillian Orogeny 700 million years ago. The Border Region's highest point, [[An Earagail]], at 751 m, is composed of Precambrian quartzite. '' Ireland's oldest rocks, laid down 1.78 billion years ago, are found on the island of [[Inis Trá Tholl]].<ref name=gsi /> Inis Trá Tholl is Ireland's most northerly island, located approximately 10&nbsp;km north of [[Cionn Mhálanna]], mainland Ireland's most northerly point. '' [[Loch Súilí]] in Donegal is one of Ireland's three fjords. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Buntásc == __NOINDEX__ __NOTOC__ roqprkxneitise5faffjhp3kookh274 2 120719 1322721 1319958 2026-08-05T18:07:57Z ListeriaBot 25319 Wikidata list updated [V2] 1322721 wikitext text/x-wiki * [[Ballstát den Aontas Eorpach]] {{Wikidata list | SPARQL = SELECT ?item ?itemLabel ?amTosaigh ?amDeiridh ?oti ?otiDáta { ?item wdt:P463 wd:Q458; # cuid de AE wdt:P31 wd:Q6256; # sample de tír p:P463 ?ballRts. ?ballRts ps:P463 wd:Q458. OPTIONAL { ?ballRts pq:P580 ?amTosaigh } OPTIONAL { ?ballRts pq:P582 ?amDeiridh } # fo-iarratas le haghaidh OTI leis an dáta is déanaí is déanaí { SELECT ?item (MAX(?dáta) AS ?uasDáta) WHERE { ?item p:P2131 ?otiRts. ?otiRts pq:P585 ?dáta. } GROUP BY ?item } # OTI le dáta is déanaí ?item p:P2131 ?otiRts. ?otiRts ps:P2131 ?oti; pq:P585 ?otiDáta. FILTER(?otiDáta = ?uasDáta) # label service SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "ga, en". } } ORDER BY DESC(?itemLabel) | columns = number:#, item:Qid, P297:Cód, label:Tír, ?amTosaigh:Am tosaigh, ?amDeiridh:Am deiridh, P1082:Daonra, P2046:Achar, P38:Airgeadra, ?oti:OTI, ?otiDáta:Dáta OTI, P1081:IFD, P37:Teanga }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! # ! Qid ! Cód ! Tír ! Am tosaigh ! Am deiridh ! Daonra ! Achar ! Airgeadra ! OTI ! Dáta OTI ! IFD ! Teanga |- | style='text-align:right'| 1 | [[:d:Q27|Q27]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:IE IE] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éire]] | 1973-01-01 | | 5149139 | 69797 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 529244870223 | 2022-01-01 | 0.945 | [[an Ghaeilge]]<br/>[[An Béarla|Béarla]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 2 | [[:d:Q55|Q55]] | | [[an Ísiltír]] | 1957-03-25 | | 17942942 | 37378 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 991114635529 | 2022-01-01 | 0.931 | [[an Ollainnis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 3 | [[:d:Q34|Q34]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:SE SE] | [[an tSualainn]] | 1995-01-01 | | 10609460 | 447425.16 ciliméadar cearnach | ''[[:d:Q122922|krona na Sualainne]]'' | 585939170124 | 2022-01-01 | 0.947 | [[an tSualainnis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 4 | [[:d:Q214|Q214]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:SK SK] | [[an tSlóvaic]] | 2004-05-01 | | 5409407 | 49033.720839 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 115468803972 | 2022-01-01 | 0.848 | [[an tSlóvaicis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 5 | [[:d:Q215|Q215]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:SI SI] | [[an tSlóivéin]] | 2004-05-01 | | 2066880 | 20271 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 62117768015 | 2022-01-01 | 0.918 | [[an tSlóivéinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 6 | [[:d:Q213|Q213]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:CZ CZ] | [[An tSeic|an tSeicia]] | 2004-05-01 | | 10909500 | 78871 ciliméadar cearnach | ''[[:d:Q131016|koruna na Seice]]'' | 250681000000 | 2019-01-01 | 0.889 | [[an tSeicis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 7 | [[:d:Q28|Q28]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:HU HU] | [[an Ungáir]] | 2004-05-01 | | 9603634 | 93011.4 ciliméadar cearnach | ''[[:d:Q47190|forint na hUngáire]]'' | 181848022230 | 2021-01-01 | 0.846 | [[an Ungáiris]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 8 | [[:d:Q29|Q29]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:ES ES] | [[an Spáinn]] | 1986-01-01 | | 48592909 | 505990 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 1397509272054 | 2022-01-01 | 0.905 | [[an Spáinnis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 9 | [[:d:Q218|Q218]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:RO RO] | [[an Rómáin]] | 2007-01-01 | | 19053815 | 238397 ciliméadar cearnach | ''[[:d:Q131645|leu na Rómáine]]'' | 301261582924 | 2022-01-01 | 0.821 | [[an Rómáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 10 | [[:d:Q145|Q145]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:GB GB] | [[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|an Ríocht Aontaithe]] | 1973-01-01 | 2020-01-31 | 67326569 | 242495 ciliméadar cearnach | [[punt steirling]] | 3070667732359 | 2022-01-01 | 0.929 | [[An Béarla|Béarla]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 11 | [[:d:Q45|Q45]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:PT PT] | [[an Phortaingéil]] | 1986-01-01 | | 10347892 | 92225 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 251945377529 | 2022-01-01 | 0.866 | [[an Phortaingéilis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 12 | [[:d:Q36|Q36]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:PL PL] | [[an Pholainn]] | 2004-05-01 | | 37563071 | 312683 ciliméadar cearnach | ''[[:d:Q123213|złoty]]'' | 688176605955 | 2022-01-01 | 0.876 | [[an Pholainnis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 13 | [[:d:Q40|Q40]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:AT AT] | [[an Ostair]] | 1995-01-01 | | 8979894 | 83878.99 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 511685203845 | 2023-01-01 | 0.916 | [[an Ghearmáinis]]<br/>''[[:d:Q36668|teanga chomharthaíochta na hOstaire]]'' |- | style='text-align:right'| 14 | [[:d:Q37|Q37]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:LT LT] | [[an Liotuáin]] | 2004-05-01 | | 2860002 | 65300 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 70334299008 | 2022-01-01 | 0.875 | [[an Liotuáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 15 | [[:d:Q211|Q211]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:LV LV] | [[an Laitvia]] | 2004-05-01 | | 1845096 | 64593.77 ciliméadar cearnach<br/>61760.39 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 41153912663 | 2022-01-01 | 0.863 | [[an Laitvis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 16 | [[:d:Q38|Q38]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:IT IT] | [[an Iodáil]] | 1957-03-25 | | 58850717 | 302068 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 2010431598465 | 2022-01-01 | 0.895 | [[an Iodáilis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 17 | [[:d:Q41|Q41]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:GR GR] | [[an Ghréig]] | 1981-01-01 | | 10482487 | 131957 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 219065872466 | 2022-01-01 | 0.887 | [[an Ghréigis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 18 | [[:d:Q183|Q183]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:DE DE] | [[an Ghearmáin]] | 1958-01-01 | | 83577140 | 357587.77 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 4121200000000 | 2023-01-01 | 0.942 | [[an Ghearmáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 19 | [[:d:Q142|Q142]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:FR FR] | [[an Fhrainc]] | 1957-03-25 | | 68605616 | 643801 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]]<br/>''[[:d:Q214393|franc CFP]]'' | 2782905325625 | 2022-01-01 | 0.903 | [[an Fhraincis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 20 | [[:d:Q33|Q33]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:FI FI] | [[an Fhionlainn]] | 1995-01-01 | | 5652881 | 338478.34 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 280825957768 | 2022-01-01 | 0.94 | [[an Fhionlainnis]]<br/>[[an tSualainnis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 21 | [[:d:Q191|Q191]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:EE EE] | [[an Eastóin]] | 2004-05-01 | | 1369995 | 45335 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 38100812959 | 2022-01-01 | 0.89 | [[an Eastóinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 22 | [[:d:Q35|Q35]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:DK DK] | [[an Danmhairg]] | 1973-01-01 | | 5822863 | 42925.46 ciliméadar cearnach | ''[[:d:Q25417|krone na Danmhairge]]'' | 395403906582 | 2022-01-01 | 0.929 | [[an Danmhairgis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 23 | [[:d:Q224|Q224]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:HR HR] | [[an Chróit]] | 2013-07-01 | | 3871833 | 56594 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 70964606465 | 2022-01-01 | 0.858 | [[an Chróitis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 24 | [[:d:Q229|Q229]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:CY CY] | [[an Chipir]] | 2004-05-01 | | 1344976 | 9242.45 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 28439052741 | 2022-01-01 | 0.896 | ''[[:d:Q36510|an Nua-Ghréigis]]''<br/>[[an Tuircis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 25 | [[:d:Q219|Q219]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:BG BG] | [[an Bhulgáir]] | 2007-01-01 | | 6423207 | 110993.6 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 102407653020 | 2023-01-01 | 0.799 | [[an Bhulgáiris]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 26 | [[:d:Q31|Q31]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:BE BE] | [[an Bheilg]] | 1957-03-25 | | 11825551 | 30688 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 644782756682 | 2023-01-01 | 0.937 | [[an Ollainnis]]<br/>[[an Fhraincis]]<br/>[[an Ghearmáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 27 | [[:d:Q233|Q233]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:MT MT] | [[Málta]] | 2004-05-01 | | 553214 | 316 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 17765270015 | 2022-01-01 | 0.918 | [[an Mháltais]]<br/>[[An Béarla|Béarla]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 28 | [[:d:Q32|Q32]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:LU LU] | [[Lucsamburg]] | 1957-03-25 | | 690959 | 2586.36 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 82274812251 | 2022-01-01 | 0.93 | [[an Lucsambuirgis]]<br/>[[an Fhraincis]]<br/>[[an Ghearmáinis]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} 5w4yo291h9bxofl2o54vxnvc6xrgbf2 0 120737 1322826 1320013 2026-08-06T10:09:16Z ListeriaBot 25319 Wikidata list updated [V2] 1322826 wikitext text/x-wiki <imagemap>File:2020 EU MAP.svg | 250px | thumb | lang=ga | Léarscáil (inchliceáilte) den AE poly 261 28 273 39 279 59 284 61 286 66 271 97 275 105 275 116 284 122 308 111 320 83 308 75 310 71 302 60 305 54 297 46 298 36 290 32 291 16 282 16 277 22 280 28 275 33 270 32 264 26 [[An Fhionlainn]] poly 260 29 259 38 252 37 252 42 248 41 244 54 238 64 238 72 235 77 237 83 226 83 223 100 227 106 230 111 227 115 229 121 223 127 220 141 229 160 227 163 231 173 238 171 238 168 242 164 250 164 254 135 261 130 262 117 252 115 257 93 270 83 271 66 279 59 273 39 [[an tSualainn]] poly 312 142 307 131 311 123 294 123 279 132 280 142 290 137 295 138 304 141 [[an Eastóin]] poly 310 164 319 155 318 148 313 142 295 140 298 153 288 149 282 142 277 161 295 158 [[an Laitvia]] poly 288 180 295 184 301 184 309 178 307 170 312 168 308 162 294 157 279 161 279 174 289 174 [[an Liotuáin]] poly 300 198 294 182 290 180 270 183 265 184 264 179 250 182 248 186 238 190 238 197 234 199 239 203 241 223 249 225 251 229 255 226 261 230 265 232 268 235 270 237 273 235 276 240 281 237 283 237 289 236 296 242 297 239 297 234 301 223 305 222 304 217 301 214 296 201 [[an Pholainn]] poly 254 250 257 245 261 244 269 236 272 235 276 240 279 238 289 235 297 243 274 250 269 253 269 257 259 254 [[an tSlóvaic]] poly 299 251 291 245 270 252 269 257 258 252 249 268 254 271 260 279 268 278 275 274 290 272 294 258 [[an Ungáir]] poly 355 291 354 280 361 274 355 269 349 272 346 270 343 259 332 248 330 243 328 242 324 247 314 250 312 248 301 250 294 255 292 265 288 271 282 274 288 281 293 284 293 288 296 290 302 287 301 291 308 294 308 297 317 297 322 297 329 295 339 287 347 288 [[an Rómáin]] poly 309 327 312 322 309 318 305 316 305 310 308 305 302 298 304 294 309 295 310 298 328 297 340 287 354 291 350 297 352 301 348 304 355 309 348 314 347 311 340 316 339 317 339 321 329 324 323 321 316 325 [[an Bhulgáir]] poly 308 383 305 376 306 374 293 368 294 359 289 351 289 344 294 339 295 333 301 332 304 328 310 326 317 326 322 322 329 325 340 321 340 316 342 319 340 328 328 329 320 331 325 335 339 340 336 342 348 344 350 348 347 358 344 353 348 352 349 348 343 347 345 344 334 341 335 338 328 335 317 341 313 337 311 342 320 350 332 359 339 365 358 359 340 377 331 380 335 376 337 378 342 373 340 370 345 372 353 362 337 366 328 363 327 367 320 367 326 372 319 374 320 382 334 393 355 393 372 372 372 378 368 383 368 377 364 384 365 390 361 387 355 396 340 400 339 395 329 397 329 393 332 392 320 380 314 384 311 378 [[an Ghréig]] poly 419 384 415 381 421 378 421 373 428 371 435 365 430 374 434 376 424 383 [[an Chipir]] poly 236 248 224 238 221 231 225 227 236 221 240 220 249 225 254 226 260 231 266 230 267 236 261 243 249 245 244 243 [[an tSeicia]] poly 198 263 201 257 204 260 207 258 213 260 224 255 233 248 238 248 241 244 245 244 248 246 255 246 253 250 256 254 250 265 249 268 238 272 229 271 220 268 218 263 210 264 208 266 [[an Ostair]] poly 249 267 253 273 242 279 244 284 236 282 230 281 227 277 229 271 238 272 [[an tSlóivéin]] poly 179 298 180 293 174 292 176 287 173 283 178 282 178 278 176 275 181 274 185 273 189 269 189 273 195 273 197 269 199 272 204 269 207 267 210 265 218 263 220 269 230 271 226 281 219 283 222 289 219 290 220 297 231 304 236 319 247 323 253 325 250 327 274 341 273 349 269 341 260 341 257 348 262 355 261 358 257 360 257 364 251 371 248 369 244 377 244 378 244 386 237 386 237 383 230 381 222 375 219 376 219 370 226 368 238 370 245 367 250 365 253 358 248 346 246 347 241 342 241 341 237 340 234 336 230 332 224 331 184 357 181 355 183 343 182 333 185 333 190 329 193 330 196 339 194 340 193 352 224 331 211 317 209 317 203 309 204 308 202 298 190 292 184 297 [[an Iodáil]] rect 224 394 251 405 [[Málta]] poly 14 333 21 334 24 337 27 339 29 333 36 329 33 325 40 319 39 311 43 312 49 298 57 295 54 292 55 289 43 284 42 281 39 280 36 291 36 292 19 313 24 314 20 317 23 318 19 324 19 327 [[an Phortaingéil]] poly 41 358 38 355 35 355 37 345 32 338 28 338 29 333 37 329 33 326 39 319 39 311 42 312 49 300 56 295 55 292 54 290 43 283 39 280 42 270 39 269 45 266 50 268 51 264 58 266 69 274 71 272 80 279 89 280 95 283 99 287 102 287 114 299 119 301 120 298 124 301 124 304 127 305 135 308 140 309 140 314 145 339 140 337 133 343 126 339 116 349 113 342 120 345 128 337 132 335 136 338 143 335 139 312 136 316 131 317 128 317 114 320 116 322 104 331 100 338 106 345 98 346 92 353 92 356 85 354 76 361 73 357 71 361 66 357 53 354 53 357 46 355 [[an Spáinn]] poly 100 286 111 297 118 300 119 298 126 302 128 302 128 305 139 307 140 301 144 298 152 296 155 300 157 298 165 304 169 305 189 328 195 318 195 306 192 312 188 311 187 327 170 305 178 298 180 294 173 292 176 288 174 284 179 281 176 276 179 272 175 266 170 267 175 262 180 258 178 255 182 256 186 244 190 240 178 234 173 232 169 227 169 225 165 225 162 220 157 216 155 212 151 212 147 218 142 222 137 221 137 224 133 223 125 220 121 218 124 225 121 230 113 227 111 223 107 224 101 223 97 223 97 232 109 241 111 251 115 258 107 284 [[an Fhrainc]] poly 202 178 209 178 211 181 218 182 216 185 218 187 231 181 235 184 231 187 238 189 238 197 235 201 238 203 240 222 236 220 234 224 223 228 221 230 224 238 232 247 224 255 217 258 211 259 207 257 203 261 199 256 189 255 183 256 185 244 190 241 181 235 178 224 181 214 180 207 185 201 190 195 192 187 197 187 199 189 202 186 [[an Ghearmáin]] poly 177 225 174 229 172 235 180 237 180 229 [[an Lucsamburg]] poly 155 210 157 220 166 225 175 232 173 226 178 225 177 215 171 210 164 212 160 209 [[an Bheilg]] poly 191 188 178 189 162 209 167 209 171 207 170 210 179 215 180 207 188 204 184 200 188 198 [[an Ísiltír]] poly 201 177 209 177 222 181 228 176 227 159 219 170 221 177 216 175 214 163 218 158 215 143 202 157 [[an Danmhairg]] poly 102 181 92 179 82 181 79 179 75 173 78 168 89 162 84 159 89 151 98 154 100 153 97 150 104 146 109 147 100 156 108 166 106 174 103 177 [[Éire]] desc bottom-left </imagemap> == Bosca sonraí == Daonra:<ref name=daonra /> * Is lú: [[Málta]], 542,051 * Is mó: [[an Ghearmáin]], 84,358,845 Achar:<ref name=achar /> * Is lú: [[Málta]], 316 km2² * Is mó: [[an Fhrainc]], 638,475 km2² Rialtais: * [[Daonlathas ionadaíoch]] [[Córas Parlaiminteach | parlaiminteach]] (21) * Daonlathas ionadaíoch [[Córas leath-uachtaránachta | leath-uachtaránachta]] (5) * Daonlathas ionadaíoch [[Córas uachtaránachta | uachtaránachta]] (1) == Réamhrá == Is aontas polaitiúil agus eacnamaíoch an t[[Aontas Eorpach]] (AE). Tá seacht mball is fiche (27) den aontas san le atá inniu ann, atá ina bpáirtí i [[Conartha an Aontais Eorpaigh|gconartha bunaidh]] an AE, agus dá bharr faoi ghéillsine ag pribhléidí agus dualgais de bhallraíocht. Faoi réir na gconartha, aontaíonn na rialtais a gcuid ceannais a roinnt trí [[institiúidí an Aontais Eorpaigh]]. Chun roinnt polasaí a ghlacadh, caithfear comhaontú d'aon ghuth a bheith ann sa [[Comhairle an Aontais Eorpaigh|Chomhairle]]. Do pholasaíthe eile, déantar cinntí le [[vótáil tromlaigh cháilithe]]. De bharr na comhroinnte agus na ndualgas [[aontas fornáisiúnta|fornáisiúnta]]) úd, is aontas ar leith é i measc eagraíochtaí idirnáisiúnta. Tá ord dlí bunaithe aige atá idir [[Príomhacht dlí an Aontais Eorpaigh|ina cheangal dlí]] ar gach ballstát (i ndiaidh [[Costa v ENEL|rialaithe cinniúnaigh]] den [[an Chúirt Bhreithiúnais Eorpach|CBE]] sa bhliain 1964). Is bunphrionsabal an aontais ná [[Prionsabal na coimhdeachta]], 'sé sin, ní thugtar cinntí le le chéile más féidir iad a thógáil ar bhonn indibhidiúil. Ceapann gach ballstát [[coimisinéir Eorpach|coimisinéir]] ar an [[An Coimisiún Eorpach|gCoimisiún Eorpach]]. Ní dhéanann siad ionadaíocht dá stáit féin, ach oibríonn siad ar son an AE go léir. Bunaíodh réamhtheachtaithe an AE na, [[Comhphobail Eorpacha]] (CE), sna 1950í ag na sé croí-stát ([[an Bheilg]], [[an Fhrainc]], [[an Iodáil]], [[Lucsamburg]], [[an Ísiltír]] agus [[an Ghearmáin Thiar]]). Tháinig tíortha aontacha eile le [[Méadú an Aontais Eorpaigh|méaduithe]] ina dhiaidh sin. Chun aontú, caithfidh atá á glacadh le ceanglais eacnamaíocha agus polaitiúla aitheanta mar {{h|critéir Chóbanhávan}}, 'sé sin, rialtas daonlathach, [[geilleagar saoriomaíochta]] agus meas ar {{h|forlámhas an dlí}}. Caithfidh fosta gach ballstát a thoiliú a thabhairt, agus caithfidh an t-iarrthóir corpas dlí an AE, aitheanta mar ''[[acquis communautaire]]'', a ghlacadh. Tháinig [[an Ríocht Aontaithe]] isteach san CE sa bhliain 1973, ach tharraing sí amach ar an 31ú Eanáir 2020 ag deireadh [[Brexit]]. Níor tharraing aon stát eile amach, [[#Tarraingt amach|ach amháin]] roinnt spleáchríoch nó ceantar leath-féinrialaitheach. == Ballstáit == Seo a leanas liosta de bhallstáit den AE, cruthaithe le sonraí ó Wikidata. {{Wikidata list | SPARQL = SELECT ?item ?itemLabel ?amTosaigh ?amDeiridh ?oti ?otiDáta { ?item wdt:P463 wd:Q458; # cuid de AE wdt:P31 wd:Q6256; # sample de tír p:P463 ?ballRts. ?ballRts ps:P463 wd:Q458. OPTIONAL { ?ballRts pq:P580 ?amTosaigh } OPTIONAL { ?ballRts pq:P582 ?amDeiridh } # fo-iarratas le haghaidh OTI leis an dáta is déanaí is déanaí { SELECT ?item (MAX(?dáta) AS ?uasDáta) WHERE { ?item p:P2131 ?otiRts. ?otiRts pq:P585 ?dáta. } GROUP BY ?item } # OTI le dáta is déanaí ?item p:P2131 ?otiRts. ?otiRts ps:P2131 ?oti; pq:P585 ?otiDáta. FILTER(?otiDáta = ?uasDáta) # label service SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "ga, en". } } ORDER BY DESC(?itemLabel) | columns = number:#, item:Qid, P297:Cód, label:Tír, ?amTosaigh:Am tosaigh, ?amDeiridh:Am deiridh, P1082:Daonra, P2046:Achar, P38:Airgeadra, ?oti:OTI, ?otiDáta:Dáta OTI, P1081:IFD, P37:Teanga }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! # ! Qid ! Cód ! Tír ! Am tosaigh ! Am deiridh ! Daonra ! Achar ! Airgeadra ! OTI ! Dáta OTI ! IFD ! Teanga |- | style='text-align:right'| 1 | [[:d:Q27|Q27]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:IE IE] | [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éire]] | 1973-01-01 | | 5149139 | 69797 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 529244870223 | 2022-01-01 | 0.945 | [[an Ghaeilge]]<br/>[[An Béarla|Béarla]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 2 | [[:d:Q55|Q55]] | | [[an Ísiltír]] | 1957-03-25 | | 17942942 | 37378 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 991114635529 | 2022-01-01 | 0.931 | [[an Ollainnis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 3 | [[:d:Q34|Q34]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:SE SE] | [[an tSualainn]] | 1995-01-01 | | 10609460 | 447425.16 ciliméadar cearnach | ''[[:d:Q122922|krona na Sualainne]]'' | 585939170124 | 2022-01-01 | 0.947 | [[an tSualainnis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 4 | [[:d:Q214|Q214]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:SK SK] | [[an tSlóvaic]] | 2004-05-01 | | 5409407 | 49033.720839 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 115468803972 | 2022-01-01 | 0.848 | [[an tSlóvaicis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 5 | [[:d:Q215|Q215]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:SI SI] | [[an tSlóivéin]] | 2004-05-01 | | 2066880 | 20271 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 62117768015 | 2022-01-01 | 0.918 | [[an tSlóivéinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 6 | [[:d:Q213|Q213]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:CZ CZ] | [[An tSeic|an tSeicia]] | 2004-05-01 | | 10909500 | 78871 ciliméadar cearnach | ''[[:d:Q131016|koruna na Seice]]'' | 250681000000 | 2019-01-01 | 0.889 | [[an tSeicis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 7 | [[:d:Q28|Q28]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:HU HU] | [[an Ungáir]] | 2004-05-01 | | 9603634 | 93011.4 ciliméadar cearnach | ''[[:d:Q47190|forint na hUngáire]]'' | 181848022230 | 2021-01-01 | 0.846 | [[an Ungáiris]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 8 | [[:d:Q29|Q29]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:ES ES] | [[an Spáinn]] | 1986-01-01 | | 48592909 | 505990 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 1397509272054 | 2022-01-01 | 0.905 | [[an Spáinnis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 9 | [[:d:Q218|Q218]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:RO RO] | [[an Rómáin]] | 2007-01-01 | | 19053815 | 238397 ciliméadar cearnach | ''[[:d:Q131645|leu na Rómáine]]'' | 301261582924 | 2022-01-01 | 0.821 | [[an Rómáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 10 | [[:d:Q145|Q145]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:GB GB] | [[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|an Ríocht Aontaithe]] | 1973-01-01 | 2020-01-31 | 67326569 | 242495 ciliméadar cearnach | [[punt steirling]] | 3070667732359 | 2022-01-01 | 0.929 | [[An Béarla|Béarla]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 11 | [[:d:Q45|Q45]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:PT PT] | [[an Phortaingéil]] | 1986-01-01 | | 10347892 | 92225 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 251945377529 | 2022-01-01 | 0.866 | [[an Phortaingéilis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 12 | [[:d:Q36|Q36]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:PL PL] | [[an Pholainn]] | 2004-05-01 | | 37563071 | 312683 ciliméadar cearnach | ''[[:d:Q123213|złoty]]'' | 688176605955 | 2022-01-01 | 0.876 | [[an Pholainnis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 13 | [[:d:Q40|Q40]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:AT AT] | [[an Ostair]] | 1995-01-01 | | 8979894 | 83878.99 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 511685203845 | 2023-01-01 | 0.916 | [[an Ghearmáinis]]<br/>''[[:d:Q36668|teanga chomharthaíochta na hOstaire]]'' |- | style='text-align:right'| 14 | [[:d:Q37|Q37]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:LT LT] | [[an Liotuáin]] | 2004-05-01 | | 2860002 | 65300 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 70334299008 | 2022-01-01 | 0.875 | [[an Liotuáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 15 | [[:d:Q211|Q211]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:LV LV] | [[an Laitvia]] | 2004-05-01 | | 1845096 | 64593.77 ciliméadar cearnach<br/>61760.39 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 41153912663 | 2022-01-01 | 0.863 | [[an Laitvis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 16 | [[:d:Q38|Q38]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:IT IT] | [[an Iodáil]] | 1957-03-25 | | 58850717 | 302068 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 2010431598465 | 2022-01-01 | 0.895 | [[an Iodáilis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 17 | [[:d:Q41|Q41]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:GR GR] | [[an Ghréig]] | 1981-01-01 | | 10482487 | 131957 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 219065872466 | 2022-01-01 | 0.887 | [[an Ghréigis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 18 | [[:d:Q183|Q183]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:DE DE] | [[an Ghearmáin]] | 1958-01-01 | | 83577140 | 357587.77 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 4121200000000 | 2023-01-01 | 0.942 | [[an Ghearmáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 19 | [[:d:Q142|Q142]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:FR FR] | [[an Fhrainc]] | 1957-03-25 | | 68605616 | 643801 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]]<br/>''[[:d:Q214393|franc CFP]]'' | 2782905325625 | 2022-01-01 | 0.903 | [[an Fhraincis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 20 | [[:d:Q33|Q33]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:FI FI] | [[an Fhionlainn]] | 1995-01-01 | | 5652881 | 338478.34 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 280825957768 | 2022-01-01 | 0.94 | [[an Fhionlainnis]]<br/>[[an tSualainnis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 21 | [[:d:Q191|Q191]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:EE EE] | [[an Eastóin]] | 2004-05-01 | | 1369995 | 45335 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 38100812959 | 2022-01-01 | 0.89 | [[an Eastóinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 22 | [[:d:Q35|Q35]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:DK DK] | [[an Danmhairg]] | 1973-01-01 | | 5822863 | 42925.46 ciliméadar cearnach | ''[[:d:Q25417|krone na Danmhairge]]'' | 395403906582 | 2022-01-01 | 0.929 | [[an Danmhairgis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 23 | [[:d:Q224|Q224]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:HR HR] | [[an Chróit]] | 2013-07-01 | | 3871833 | 56594 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 70964606465 | 2022-01-01 | 0.858 | [[an Chróitis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 24 | [[:d:Q229|Q229]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:CY CY] | [[an Chipir]] | 2004-05-01 | | 1344976 | 9242.45 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 28439052741 | 2022-01-01 | 0.896 | ''[[:d:Q36510|an Nua-Ghréigis]]''<br/>[[an Tuircis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 25 | [[:d:Q219|Q219]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:BG BG] | [[an Bhulgáir]] | 2007-01-01 | | 6423207 | 110993.6 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 102407653020 | 2023-01-01 | 0.799 | [[an Bhulgáiris]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 26 | [[:d:Q31|Q31]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:BE BE] | [[an Bheilg]] | 1957-03-25 | | 11825551 | 30688 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 644782756682 | 2023-01-01 | 0.937 | [[an Ollainnis]]<br/>[[an Fhraincis]]<br/>[[an Ghearmáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 27 | [[:d:Q233|Q233]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:MT MT] | [[Málta]] | 2004-05-01 | | 553214 | 316 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 17765270015 | 2022-01-01 | 0.918 | [[an Mháltais]]<br/>[[An Béarla|Béarla]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 28 | [[:d:Q32|Q32]] | [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:LU LU] | [[Lucsamburg]] | 1957-03-25 | | 690959 | 2586.36 ciliméadar cearnach | [[Euro]] | 82274812251 | 2022-01-01 | 0.93 | [[an Lucsambuirgis]]<br/>[[an Fhraincis]]<br/>[[an Ghearmáinis]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} == Tagairtí == {{reflist | refs = <ref name=daonra>{{lua idirlín | url = https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/DEMO_GIND__custom_7127262/default/table | teideal=Population change - Demographic balance and crude rates at national level | foilsitheoir = [[Eurostat]] | dátarochtana = 21ú Meitheamh 2024}}</ref> <ref name=achar>{{lua idirlín | url = https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/reg_area3__custom_11352231/bookmark/table?lang=en&bookmarkId=fabcfca6-4abb-4a84-ac1c-7bb335af436a | teideal = Area by NUTS 3 region | foilsitheoir = [[Eurostat]] | dátarochtana = 21ú Meitheamh 2024}}</ref> }} abvb6d14ccqp336q9fwq1lwk4oytf1d 0 121699 1322710 1287090 2026-08-05T13:22:21Z Conradder 34685 +ref 1322710 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} Is racbhanna uirlise é '''And So I Watch You from Afar''', no ó am go ham an t-acrainm '''ASIWYFA''' a thugtar air. Bunaíodh an banna i m[[Béal Feirste]] in 2005. Tá giotáraithe Rory Friers agus Niall Kennedy, dordghiotáraí Ewen Friers agus drumadóir Chris Wee ina gceoltóirí reatha. D'eisigh siad dhá albam, ''And So I Watch You from Afar'' (2009) agus ''Gangs'' (2011), le bunbhall Tony Wright. D'fhág sé an banna i 2011 agus tháinig Niall Kennedy ina áit. Shínigh an banna le ''Richter Collective'' agus, sa mhí Dheireadh Fómhair 2011, d'fhógair margadh i Meiriceá Thuaidh le ''Sargent House''. D'eisigh siad a dtríú halbam, ''All Hail Bright Futures'', ar 3 Márta 2013 le ''Sargent House''. Eisíodh a gceathrú albam, ''Heirs'', in 2015. D'eisigh siad a gcúigiú halbam, ''The Endless Shimmering'', ar 20 Deireadh Fómhair 2017. Sa bhliain 2020, tháinig Ewan Friers in ionad Jonathan Adger ar dhordghiotár agus chuir siad a séú halbam, ''Jettison'', amach ar 18 Feabhra 2022. Eisíodh a n-albam is déanaí, ''Megafauna'', ar 9 Lúnasa 2024. <ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://nos.ie/news/albaim-na-miosa-le-ben-o-faolain-lunasa-2024/|teideal=Albaim na Míosa le Ben Ó Faoláin - Lúnasa 2024|language=ga|work=NÓS|dátarochtana=2026-08-05}}</ref> == Baill == *Rory Friers – [[giotár]] *Niall Kennedy – giotár *Ewen Friers – [[dordghiotár]] *Chris Wee – [[drumaí]], cnaguirlisí === Iarbhaill === *Jonathan Adger – dordghiotár *Tony Wright – giotár [[Íomhá:And So I Watch You From Afar at NH7 Weekender.jpg|mion|deas|And So I Watch You from Afar (2016)]] == Dioscliosta== {|class="wikitable" style=text-align:center; |- !rowspan="2"| Bliain !rowspan="2"| Eolas !| Buaicphointí ar an Chairt |- !style="width:4em;font-size:75%"|[[Éire]]<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=http://www.irish-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=And+So+I+Watch+You+From+Afar|teideal=irishcharts.com - Discography And So I Watch You From Afar|work=www.irish-charts.com|dátarochtana=2025-11-14}}</ref> |- |2009 |align="left"| ''And So I Watch You from Afar'' *Scaoilte: 13 Aibreán 2009 *Lipéad: [[Smalltown America Records|Smalltown America]] *Formáidí: Dlúthdhiosca, Íoslódáil, vinil | — |- |2011 |align="left"| ''Gangs'' *Scaoilte: 29 Aibreán 2009 *Lipéad: Richter Collective *Formáidí: Dlúthdhiosca, Íoslódáil, vinil | 28 |- |2013 |align="left"| ''All Hail Bright Futures'' *Scaoilte: 15 Márta 2013 *Lipéad: Sargent House *Formáidí: Dlúthdhiosca, Íoslódáil, vinil | 81 |- |2015 |align="left"| ''Heirs'' *Scaoilte: 4 Bealtaine 2015 *Lipéad: Sargent House *Formáidí: Dlúthdhiosca, Íoslódáil, vinil | 97 |- |2017 |align="left"| ''The Endless Shimmering'' *Scaoilte: 20 Deireadh Fómhair 2017 *Lipéad: Sargent House *Formáidí: Dlúthdhiosca, Íoslódáil, vinil | — |- |2022 |align="left"| ''Jettison'' *Scaoilte: 18 Feabhra 2022 *Lipéad: Equal Vision, Velocity *Formáidí: Dlúthdhiosca, Íoslódáil, vinil | — |- |2024 |align="left"| ''Megafauna'' *Scaoilte: 9 Lúnasa 2024 *Lipéad: Equal Vision, Velocity *Formáidí: Dlúthdhiosca, Íoslódáil, vinil | — |- |colspan="3" style="font-size:90%"| "—" Ní raibh an t-albam sa chairt seo. |} == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{stumpa}} [[Catagóir:Racghrúpaí as Tuaisceart na hÉireann]] [[Catagóir:Grúpaí ceoil bunaithe sa bhliain 2005]] 26cqdmf7ygqb52hrxgty8wxok11ab9j 0 122768 1322755 1296398 2026-08-06T07:06:50Z BnaiBrithChai 76174 /* Córas X */ 1322755 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Íomhá:Eĥoŝanĝo ĉiuĵaŭde H-ststemo, X-ststemo, QWXY-sistemo.svg|mion|Pangramo Esperanta "Eĥoŝanĝo ĉiuĵaŭde" a chuireann trí chóras traslitrithe ASCII i gcomparáid: an Córas H, an Córas X, agus an Córas QWXY]] Is éard is '''athsholáthairtí ar aibítir an Esperanto''' ann ná comhaontuithe litreachaíochta malartacha a úsáidtear chun litreacha den [[aibítir]] [[Esperanto]] ina bhfuil diacriticí a léiriú nuair nach bhfuil na carachtair diacritice cearta ar fáil, trí úsáid a bhaint as carachtair [[ASCII]]. Is ionann na hathruithe seo, a tháinig chun cinn i luath-stair an Esperanto de bharr theorainneacha na meaisíní clóscríbe agus méarchláir ríomhaire níos déanaí, agus ionadú na litreacha le buillí aibhléise (ĉ, ĝ, ĥ, ĵ, ŝ, agus ŭ) le digrafaí nó seichimh eile atá comhoiriúnach le ASCII. Is iad an h-chóras (dighrafaí a úsáideann h) agus an x-chóras (dighrafaí a úsáideann x) an dá chóras is coitianta, agus buntáistí éagsúla ag gach ceann acu maidir le sórtáil agus traslitriú neamh-dhébhríoch. Tá modhanna grafacha eile ann freisin a úsáideadh i gcomhthéacsanna neamhfhoirmiúla.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=http://www.akademio-de-esperanto.org/oficialaj_informoj/oficialaj_informoj_6_2007.html|teideal=Akademio de Esperanto: Oficialaj Informoj 6 - 2007 01 21|údar=Bertilo Wennergren|language=eo|work=www.akademio-de-esperanto.org|dátarochtana=2026-02-04}}</ref> Dearadh diacrití an Esperanto le meaisín clóscríbe láimhe Francach san áireamh, toisc gurbh é an [[An Fhraincis|Fhraincis]] an teanga idirnáisiúnta nuair a forbraíodh an Esperanto. Bíonn eochair marbh don chiorcalbhrat ar mheaisíní clóscríbe Francacha, ar féidir í a úsáid i gcomhar le haon eochair eile. Mar sin féin, ós rud é nach bhfuil na litreacha Esperanto le deilbhíní díagritice le fáil ar leaganacha caighdeánacha de mhéarchláir ríomhaire (de ghnáth, ní shanntar an deilbhín ciorclach ar mhéarchláir ''ríomhaire'' na Fraince ach do na litreacha a bhfuil sé acu i litriú na Fraincise), tá modhanna éagsúla malartacha ceaptha chun iad a ionchur nó chun iad a chur in ionad i gcló. Ba é an modh bunaidh, a mhol Zamenhof do dhaoine nach raibh rochtain acu ar chlóscríobhaire Francach, ná sraith digrafaí in ''h'', ar a dtugtar anois "córas Zamenhof" nó "córas h".<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=http://esperanto.davidgsimpson.com/librejo/dualibro.html#aldono|teideal=Dua Libro de l' Lingvo Internacia|language=eo|work=esperanto.davidgsimpson.com|dátarochtana=2026-02-04}}</ref><ref>https://www.iana.org/assignments/lang-subtags-templates/hsistemo.txt</ref> Le teacht na próiseála focal ríomhaire, tá an "x-chóras" mar a thugtar air tar éis éirí chomh coitianta céanna.<ref>https://www.iana.org/assignments/lang-subtags-templates/xsistemo.txt</ref> Le teacht [[Unicode]] agus méarchláir ríomhaire is féidir a shaincheapadh níos éasca, tá an gá le réitigh shealadacha den sórt sin laghdaithe. == Córais traslitrithe ASCII == Tá dhá chóras litreachaíochta eile in úsáid go coitianta, a chuireann digrafaí ''h'' nó digrafaí ''x'' in áit na gcarachtar ciorclach. Córas eile a luaitear uaireanta is ea an "córas QWXY"; is iarsma é seo ó aip mhéarchláir Esperanto luath darbh ainm ''[[Ĉapelilo]]'', leis an gcur in ord seo a leagadh na heochracha Q, W, X agus Y leis na litreacha ⟨ĥ⟩, ⟨ŭ⟩, ⟨ŝ⟩, ⟨ĵ⟩, agus na seichimh eochracha TX agus DY leis na litreacha ⟨ĉ⟩ agus ⟨ĝ⟩.<ref>''Monato: internacia magazino sendependa'', numero 1995/04, paĝo 32: 'Ĉapelilo 1.0 verkita de Pejno Simono'.</ref> Tá réitigh ghreannánacha ann freisin, mar shampla na ciorcalbhratacha a ionadú le carait. === Córas H === Ba é cruthaitheoir an Esperanto féin, [[L. L. Zamenhof]], a d'fhorbair an modh bunaidh chun na diacrití a sheachaint. Mhol sé ''u'' a úsáid in áit ''ŭ'', agus díograif le h do na litreacha ciorclaithneacha. Mar shampla, cuirtear sh in ionad ''ŝ'', mar atá in ''shanco'' in ionad ''ŝanco'' (seans). I gcásanna ina bhfuil sh sa litriú ceart, ba chóir na litreacha a scaradh le comhartha apastróife nó le haidhm, mar atá in ''ses-hora'' (sé-uair) nó in ''flug'haveno'' (aerfort).<ref>http://ilerabulteno.googlepages.com/bulteno70.pdf</ref> === Córas X === Córas níos déanaí le haghaidh clóscríbhneoireachta in Esperanto is ea an "córas x" nó "x-córas", a úsáideann ''x'' in ionad ''h'' do na digrafaí, lena n-áirítear ''ux'' do ''ŭ''. Mar shampla, déantar ionadaíocht ar ''ŝ'' le ''sx'', mar atá in ''sxi'' do ''ŝi'' agus ''sxanco'' do ''ŝanco''.{{Fíoras}} === Córas Y === :name = Córas Y :cineál = Aibítir :altname = Y-Sistemo, ipsilono-kodo, la ipsilonokodo, Y-System :nóta = aon cheann :Ĉ = Cy :Ĝ = Gy :Ĥ = X :Ĵ = Jy :Ŝ = Sy :Ŭ = W Mar shampla: tháinig eĥoŝanĝo ĉiuĵaŭde ("macalla-athrú gach Déardaoin") mar "exosyangyo cyiujyawde". '''Gnáthlitríocht'': Ĉiuj homoj estas denaske liberaj kaj egalaj laŭ digno kaj rajtoj. Ili posedas racion kaj konsciencon, kaj devus konduti unu al alia en spirito de frateco. Ĉiuj rajtoj kaj liberecoj difinitaj en tiu ĉi Deklaracio validas same por ĉiuj homoj, sen kia ajn diferencigo, ĉu laŭ raso, haŭtkoloro, sekso, lingvo, religio, politika aŭ alia opinio, nacia aŭ socia deveno, posedaĵoj, naskiĝo aŭ alia stato. Plie, nenia diferencigo estu farata surbaze de la politika, jurisdikcia aŭ internacia pozicio de la lando aŭ teritorio, al kiu apartenas la koncerna persono, senkonsidere ĉu ĝi estas sendependa, sub kuratoreco, ne-sinreganta aŭ sub kia ajn alia limigo de la suvereneco. '''Córas Y'': Cyiuj homoj estas denaske liberaj kaj egalaj law digno kaj rajtoj. Ili posedas racion kaj konsciencon, kaj devus konduti unu al alia en spirito de frateco. Cyiuj rajtoj kaj liberecoj difinitaj en tiu cyi Deklaracio validas same por cyiuj homoj, sen kia ajn diferencigo, cyu law raso, hawtkoloro, sekso, lingvo, religio, politika aw alia opinio, nacia aw socia deveno, posedajyoj, naskigyo aw alia stato. Plie, nenia diferencigo estu farata surbaze de la politika, jurisdikcia aw internacia pozicio de la lando aw teritorio, al kiu apartenas la koncerna persono, senkonsidere cyu gyi estas sendependa, sub kuratoreco, ne-sinreganta aw sub kia ajn alia limigo de la suvereneco. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}}{{Síol}} [[Catagóir:Esperanto]] lwunexpgr4nwobmrbz71qjgtoz5tomq 0 122894 1322743 1305167 2026-08-06T00:03:02Z Taghdtaighde 60452 Catagóirí curtha leis 1322743 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Teideal iodálach}} {{WD Bosca Sonraí Nuachtán |editor=John Kenny, Bob Neilson, David Murphy, Frank Ludlow, Roelof Goudriaan and Peter Loftus with Contributing Editors Dev Agarwal, Juliet E. McKenna and David Conyers |genere=Iris liteartha |tema=[[Ficsean eolaíochta]], uafás, fantaisíocht |publicat_a=[[Éire]] |edicions=50 |distribucio=I gcló agus le n-íoslódáil, le rogha scéalta ar líne }} Bhí '''''Albedo One''''' ina iris uafáis, fantaisíochta agus [[ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Éire|Éireannach]], a bunaíodh sa bhliain 1993 arna fhoilsiú ag Albedo One Productions.<ref name="mann">{{Cite book-en|author=Mann|first=G.|year=2001|title=The mammoth encyclopedia of science fiction|location=London|isbn=1-84119-177-9|publisher=Robinson}}</ref> == Léargas ginearálta == Áiríodh ''Albedo One'' mar chomharba na hirise ficsean eolaíochta Éireannaí ''[[FTL (iris)|FTL]]'', a d'fhoilsigh [[Cumann Ficsean Eolaíochta na hÉireann]] (<small>EN: ISFA</small>; cumann atá imithe i léig ó shin freisin).<ref name=prog>Albedo One, Decade One (An honourable draw), ''Phoenix Convention, 27th-28th September, 2003, Official Program'', 2003</ref> Ba chomharba é ''FTL'' féin ar an iris Éireannach ''[[Gateway]]''. Is minic a dhéantar cur síos ar ''Albedo One'' mar an iris ficsean tuairimeach ab fhada a bhí á fhoilsiú in Éireann<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/004391.html|title=Review of Albedo One issue 25 in TRS2|access-date=30 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080906164922/http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/004391.html|archive-date=6 September 2008}}</ref> agus glacadh leis mar fhreagra na hÉireann ar ''[[Interzone]]''.<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/08/04/28/albedo_one_34.html|title=Review of ''Albedo One'' issue 34|access-date=30 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517211919/http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/08/04/28/albedo_one_34.html|archive-date=17 May 2008}}</ref> Ó eagrán 1 (1993) go heagrán 12 (1996), bhí ''Albedo One'' á fhoilsiú ag Tachyon Productions faoi leagan amach A5. Ó eagrán 13 (1996) ar aghaidh, d'aistrigh an iris go leagan amach A4 feasta agus b'iad Albedo One Productions a d'fhoilsigh. Dar leis na heagarthóirí, bhí na hathruithe seo ina n-iarracht dáileadh a mhéadú, níos mó fógraíochta a mhealladh, agus gus a chur san iris.<ref>Editorial, ''Albedo One'' eagrán 12, 1996</ref> Is iad scéalta bunaidh a d’fhoilsigh ''Albedo One'' (.i. scéalta nár foilsíodh cheana), ó údair Éireannacha agus idirnáisiúnta. Is minic a luaigh léirmheastóirí fócas ar údair Éireannacha leis,<ref name="30cn">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.sfcrowsnest.com/articles/books/2006/nz10137.php|title=Review of ''Albedo One'' issue 30 in SF Crowsnest|access-date=30 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080922130025/http://www.sfcrowsnest.com/articles/books/2006/nz10137.php|archive-date=22 September 2008}}</ref> ach níor cuireadh foilsiú údair neamh-Éireannacha as an áireamh mar amhail roinnt irisí náisiúnta de sheánraí faoi leith, agus is í an dea-scríbhneoireacht is mó ba chás leis.<ref name="30cn" /> Dúirt lucht na hirise gur sainmhíniú thar a bheith leathan a bhí ar intinn acu ar an rud is ficsean eolaíocht, uafás, nó fantaisíocht ann<ref name="a1wg">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.albedo1.com/html/writers_guidelines.html|title=Albedo One Writer's Guidelines|access-date=27 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081102075709/http://www.albedo1.com/html/writers_guidelines.html|archive-date=2 November 2008}}</ref> agus gur thaitin leo ábhar a sháraigh na teorainneacha, rud ar thug léitheoirí agus léirmheastóirí suntas dó.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ozhorrorscope.blogspot.com/2008/03/review-albedo-one-issue-34.html|url-status=dead |df=dmy-all|teideal=Review of Albedo One issue 34 in Horrorscope|dátarochtana=30 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303195746/http://ozhorrorscope.blogspot.com/2008/03/review-albedo-one-issue-34.html|archivedate=3 March 2016}}</ref> Maidir leis seo, dúirt léirmheastóir amháin go bhfuil moladh tuillte ag aon iris a spreagann scríbhneoirí nua agus léitheoirí araon chun fairsinge.<ref name="30cn" /> Foilsíodh an iris i gcló agus mar pdf, thart ar dhá nó trí huaire sa bhliain. De ghnáth, bhíodh na scéalta a foilsíodh i ngach eagrán idir 2000 agus 8000 focal ar fhad,<ref name="a1wg">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.albedo1.com/html/writers_guidelines.html|title=Albedo One Writer's Guidelines|access-date=27 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081102075709/http://www.albedo1.com/html/writers_guidelines.html|archive-date=2 November 2008}}</ref> cé gur foilsíodh scéalta scaití a bhí lasmuigh de na teorainneacha seo. I ngach eagrán, d’fhoilsigh an iris agallamh le húdar aitheanta i seánra dá gcuid freisin, chomh maith le léirmheasanna leabhar agus colún litreacha (a bhí annamh níos faide anonn) faoin gceannteideal "''Ugly Chickens''"<ref>m.sh. ''Albedo One'' eagrán 29, 2004</ref> a ainmníodh as an scéal cáiliúil "The Ugly Chickens" <small>[<nowiki/>[[:en:The_Ugly_Chickens|en]]]</small> de chuid an údair Howard Waldrop. Dúirt eagarthóirí na hirise gur mheas siad gur thug ábhar neamhfhicsin, taobh leis an ficsean, a fhéiniúlacht féin don iris.<ref>Eagarfhocal, ''Albedo One'' eagrán 11, 1996.</ref> Bhíodh alt nó píosa tuairimíochta neamhrialta san iris freisin le húdair gan ainm ag scríobh faoin ainm Severian, as carachtar <small>[<nowiki/>[[:en:Severian_(character)|en]]]</small> a rinneadh cáiliúil i scríbhneoireacht an údair Gene Wolfe. Is minic ar tharraing na colúin seo aird as a seasaimh teanntásacha<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.willowcom.org.uk/revup/mags/albedo17.htm|url-status=dead|teideal=Review of ''Albedo One'' issue 17, 1998|dátarochtana=30 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007113910/http://www.willowcom.org.uk/revup/mags/albedo17.htm|archivedate=7 October 2011}}</ref> nó conspóideacha ar chúrsaí seánra.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sfcrowsnest.com/articles/books/2008/nz12427.php|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all|teideal=Review of Albedo One issue 33 in SF Crowsnest|dátarochtana=27 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108094407/http://www.sfcrowsnest.com./articles/books/2008/nz12427.php|archivedate=8 January 2009}}</ref> Rinne léirmheastóir amháin cur síos ar an gceann a bhí in eagrán 31 de ''Albedo One'' mar rámhaille a bhí gríosaitheach d'aon ghnó.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sfcrowsnest.com/articles/books/2006/nz10481.php|teideal=Review of Albedo One issue 31 in SF Crowsnest|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080906113037/http://www.sfcrowsnest.com/articles/books/2006/nz10481.php|archivedate=6 September 2008|access-date=30 October 2008|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Sa bhliain 1996, d'fhógair na heagarthóirí cuireadh oscailte alt a scríobh don cholún seo faoi cheist a bhfuil tuairimí láidre acu faoi.<ref>Editorial, ''Albedo One'' issue 12, 1996</ref> == Foireann == * John Kenny, comheagarthóir * Peter Loftus, comheagarthóir * Frank Ludlow, comheagarthóir * David Murphy, comheagarthóir * Robert Neilson, comheagarthóir == Aird ón tionscal agus duaiseanna == Idir 1997 agus 1999, thug [[Cumann Ficsean Eolaíochta na hEorpa]] <small>[<nowiki/>[[:en:European_Science_Fiction_Society|en]]]</small> trí onóir d''<nowiki/>'Albedo One'', agus bhuaigh sé Gradaim don Iris is Fearr agus don Foilsitheoir is Fearr.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.albedo1.com/html/a1__magazine.html |teideal=About Albedo 1|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all |archivedate=10 November 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081110201713/http://www.albedo1.com/html/a1__magazine.html|dátarochtana=30 October 2008}}</ref> Is minic a thuill scéalta ón iris Moladh ar Leith sa ''Year's Best Science Fiction'', arna chur in eagar ag Gardner Dozois, agus sa ''Year's Best Fantasy and Horror,'' arna chur in eagar ag Ellen Datlow, Kelly Link agus Gavin Grant. In ainneoin seo, ba níos faide anonn ar tosaíodh athchló a chur ar scéalta ón iris in imleabhair ''Year's Best''... nuair a cuireadh athchló ar "The Bad Magician" le Philip Raines agus Harvey Welles (ó eagrán 28 de ''Albedo One'') in imleabhar 18 de ''Year's Best Fantasy and Horror'' 2004 agus athchlódh "I Hold My Father's Paws" (ó eagrán 31) le David D. Levine in imleabhar 24 de ''Year's Best Science Fiction'' 2006. Sa bhliain 2006, bhótáladh ''Albedo One'' san 8ú háit sna hainmniúcháin do [[Gradaim Hugo|Ghradam Hugo]] faoin gcatagóir don iris leath-ghairmiúil is fearr.<ref name="bugpowder.com">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/07/03/14/albedo_one_32.html|title=Review of ''Albedo One'' issue 32, 2006|access-date=30 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080906113241/http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/07/03/14/albedo_one_32.html|archive-date=6 September 2008}}</ref> Cé nár measadh go raibh ainmniúchán do Ghradam Hugo bainte amach ach an cúigear ab airde bhóta ar an liosta faoin gcatagóir seo, bhí an ócáid suntasach mar gheall gurb í an chéad uair a bhí ''Albedo One'' ar liosta na n-ainmniúchán (agus an chéad uair a bhí iris Éireannach ar bith air). Bhí an ócáid suntasach freisin sa mhéid is gur cuireadh ''Albedo One'' chun tosaigh ar irisí aitheanta eile ar nós ''Lady Churchill's Rosebud Wristlet'', ''Postscripts'' agus ''Apex Digest''.<ref>[http://cluebytwelve.net/Hugos2006/nominees.txt Full list of the Hugo Awards 2006 Nominations Ballot] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426005658/http://cluebytwelve.net/Hugos2006/nominees.txt|date=26 April 2015}}</ref> == Glacadh ag na gcriticí == === Caighdeán táirgthe === Luaigh ''an Mammoth Encyclopedia of Science Fiction'' go raibh clúdach clóite ar na heagráin le déanaí (faoi 2001), ach go raibh an méid istigh fós fótachóipeáilte i ndubh agus bán agus go bhféadfadh go mbeadh feabhsú ar a chaighdeán táirgthe bheith chun a leasa, ar bhonn aeistéiteach amháin. Lean an iontráil air le rá go ndíolann caighdeáin eagarthóireachta agus liteartha a bhfuil ann breis agus a chúiteamh as sin.<ref name="mann">{{Cite book-en|author=Mann|first=G.|year=2001|title=The mammoth encyclopedia of science fiction|location=London|isbn=1-84119-177-9|publisher=Robinson}}</ref> Mar sin féin, fuair Mann méid áirithe cáinte ó léirmheastóirí as roinnt irisí ar nós ''Albedo One'' a chur san áireamh thar irisí eile a bhí ar fáil, agus cheistnigh léirmheastóir amháin ón eagrán ar líne de ''The Zone'' cá raibh teidil inchomparáide ar nós ''The Zone'' le Tony Lee, ''Back Brain Recluse'' le Chris Reed a bhíodh galánta i gcónaí dar leo, nó an ''Critical Wave'' dodhearmadta, cé go raibh lua tuilte ag ''Albedo One.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.zone-sf.com/mammothencyclopediasf.html|url-status=usurped|df=dmy-all|teideal=Review of ''The Mammoth Encyclopedia of Science Fiction'' in The Zone|dátarochtana=30 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121023529/http://www.zone-sf.com/mammothencyclopediasf.html|archivedate=21 November 2008}}</ref>'' Dúirt léirmheastóir amháin faoi eagrán 25 (2002) go raibh mire mheallacach áirithe ag baint lena dhearadh cló agus leagan amach a chuir aschur Pagemaker sna 1990idí luatha i gcuimhne, ach go raibh na scéalta láidir gan amhras.<ref>[http://www.tangentonline.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=190&Itemid=263 Review of ''Albedo One'' issue 25 in Tangent Online]</ref> Maidir le caighdeán táirgthe, in 2003, dúirt eagarthóir amháin den iris gur bhreá leo iris lán-chlóite faoi chlúdach lán-daite a tháirgeadh ach, murab ionann agus an cás sa RA, ní raibh an [[An Chomhairle Ealaíon|Chomhairle Ealaíon]] abhus gur fiú ficsean eolaíochta ná foilsitheoireacht irisí a mheas i gcomhair tacaíochta.<ref name="prog" /> Mar sin féin, mar fhreagra féideartha ar cháineadh b'fhéidir, rinne an iris iarracht feabhas a chur ar a chaighdeán táirgthe, le clúdaigh lán-daite, i bhformáid A4 faoi cheangal foirfe agus taobh istigh priontáilte i liathscála le DocuTech, ó eagrán 28 (2004) ar aghaidh. Ag an am, luaigh na heagarthóirí nár shamhlaíodar riamh nuair a thosaíodar amach go mbeidís fós ar an bhfód sa Mhílaois Nua ach gurb é á meon ná go leanfaidís air chomh fada agus a bheadh spraoi ann agus bhí fós. Ghuíodar go mbainfeadh na léitheoirí taitneamh as an gclúdach lán-daite.<ref>Editorial, ''Albedo One'' issue 28, 2004.</ref> === Ficsean === Go ginearálta, bhí léirmheasanna ar ábhar ficsean ''Albedo One'' ar scála idir dhearfach den chuid is mó agus an-dearfach. Dúirt léirmheastóir amháin gur frithnimh fhoirfe é ''Albedo One'' #29 in aghaidh táirgí truflaise ó scríbhneoirí patuara nach bhfuil ag cur i gcéill<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/04/11/19/albedo_one_29.html|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all|teideal=Review of ''Albedo One'' issue 29, 2004|dátarochtana=30 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080905194519/http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/04/11/19/albedo_one_29.html|archivedate=5 September 2008}}</ref> Dúirt an léirmheastóir céanna faoi eagrán 32 go raibh luas á chur faoi ardú éirime le heagrán ar tiomsaíodh go seoigh le meascán seolta d'fhicsean eolaíochta.<ref name="bugpowder.com" /> Dúirt léirmheas ar eagrán 33 ar BestSF faoin iris nach raibh sé baileach in acmhainn cic sa tóin a thabhairt do ''Interzone'', ach tráth a bhí an iris tréitheach Sasanach ag déanamh dul chun cinn faoina cheannaireacht nua, bhí ''Albedo One'' ag coinneáil bonn ar aon leis agus bhí faoi raon súl de sciorta a gcóta, mura raibh faoi fhad alptha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bestsf.net/reviews/albedoone33.html|teideal=Review of ''Albedo One'' issue 33, 2007, in BestSF|dátarochtana=30 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011064408/http://www.bestsf.net/reviews/albedoone33.html|archivedate=11 October 2008|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Dúirt léirmheas ar eagrán 34 gur ábhar bród do lucht ''Albedo One'' é a gcuid ficsin shainiúil agus mar a dúradh cheana, a deir siad, sa dóigh sin ní haon áibhéil é.<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/08/04/28/albedo_one_34.html|title=Review of ''Albedo One'' issue 34|access-date=30 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517211919/http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/08/04/28/albedo_one_34.html|archive-date=17 May 2008}}</ref> É sin ráite, ní raibh gach léirmheas chomh dearfach leis sin, mura rabhadar baileach diúltach ach oiread. Fuair eagrán 30 léirmheas neodrach go leor ar BestSF.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bestsf.net/reviews/albedoone30.html |url-status=dead|df=dmy-all|teideal=Review of ''Albedo One'' issue 30, 2005, in BestSF|dátarochtana=30 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080723112332/http://www.bestsf.net/reviews/albedoone30.html|archivedate=23 July 2008}}</ref> Agus iomrá mór faoi eagrán 32 ar intinn acu, dúirt léirmheastóir amháin gur fhill eagrán 33 ar fhicsean nach mbaineadh sceiteog chomh mór sin asat – deá-cheardaíocht taitneamhach ach beagáinín stálaithe mar sin féin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/07/10/01/albedo_one_33.html|teideal=Review of ''Albedo One'' issue 33, 2007|dátarochtana=30 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080908002052/http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/07/10/01/albedo_one_33.html|archivedate=8 September 2008|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Sa bhliain 2003, dúirt eagarthóir amháin go rabhadar ag dréim leis an iris a fheabhsú eagrán ar eagrán agus go raibh rudaí thar a bheith deas le rá leo ag lucht na critice in imeacht na mblianta, chomh maith le roinnt a bhí go dona. Dúirt an t-eagarthóir sin gur fearr leo scéalta a spreagann freagraí móra, dearfach nó diúltach, ná freagra patuar ó chách. Scéal a bhfuil an ghráin ag daoine air, ar a laghad chuaigh sé i bhfeidhm orthu sa mhéid is gur spreag mothúchán. Dúradh nár dhóigh leis an eagarthóir sin gur fhoilsíodar scéal ariamh ar thaitin le gach uile dhuine beo agus go rabhadar ag súil nach bhfoilseodh go deo.<ref name="prog" /> Mhol léirmheastóir amháin an cur chuige ginearálta maidir le roghnú ficsean le foilsiú in ''Albedo One'', á rá agus foilsitheoirí eile ag streachailt chun cloí le spriocdhátaí a leagann siad orthu féin, ghabh ''Albedo One'' go fonnmhar le sceideal foilsitheoireachta a bhí faoi réir ag an gcarnadh de réir a chéile ábhair atá ar ardchaighdeáin – ábhar ó mheascán de scríbhneoirí céaduaire agus daoine gairmiúla seanbhunaithe, agus a éilíonn lucht féachana.<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/004391.html|title=Review of Albedo One issue 25 in TRS2|access-date=30 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080906164922/http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/004391.html|archive-date=6 September 2008}}</ref> == Duais Aeon == Ó 2004, bhí ''Albedo One'' ag déanamh urraíocht ar Ghradam Aeon, comórtas ficsean a bhí dírithe ar scríbhneoirí nua agus scríbhneoireacht i seánraí an fhicsin thuairimigh a chur chun cinn. Bhuaigh an scéal "My Marriage" leis an údar Sasanach Julian West an chéad Ghradam Aeon 2004-2005. Dúirt an tArd-Mholtóir [[Ian Watson (údar)|Ian Watson]] gur cheap sé go raibh sé suaiteach go leor, agus mhol sé é le haghaidh [[Gradam Liteartha Lambda|Ghradam Lambda]].<ref>The Inaugural Aeon Award, 2004-2005, ''Albedo One'', Issue 31, 2005</ref><ref>[http://albedo1.com/AeonEntrants20062007.jpg Percentage of Aeon Entrants 2006-2007 by Nationality.]{{Dead link|date=October 2018|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> == ''Aeon Press'' == Rinneadh cur síos ar ''Aeon Press'' mar chraobh fhoilsitheoireachta leabhar ''Albedo One'',<ref>Editorial, ''Albedo One'' issue 30, 2005.</ref> agus bhí sé ar an líon beag foilsitheoirí a bhí tiomnaithe don fhicsean eolaíochta, don fhantaisíocht agus don uafáis in Éirinn. Ba é ''[[Emerald Eye: Best Irish Imaginative Fiction]]'' (2005), in eagair ag Roelof Goudriaan agus Frank Ludlow, a fhoilseachán ba shuntasaí.<ref name="E">{{Cite book-en|title=Emerald Eye: Best Irish Imaginative Fiction|publisher=Aeon Press|year=2005|isbn=0-9534784-4-0}}</ref> Ba bhailiúchán é sin d'fhicsean eolaíochta, d'fhantaisíocht agus d'uafás ó údair Éireannacha na linne. Bhí mothú dorcha ann, agus éagmais eilimintí a shamhlaítear le fantaisíochta Éireannacha (m.sh. [[Leipreachán|leipreacháin]]), rud a bhí conspóideach dar le daoine áirithe.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.tangentonline.com/index.php?option=content&task=view&Itemid=1&id=616 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all |teideal=Review of Emerald Eye in Tangent Online|dátarochtana=26 January 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061230230242/http://www.tangentonline.com/index.php?option=content&task=view&Itemid=1&id=616|archivedate=30 December 2006}}</ref> Spreag léirmheas amháin díospóireacht réasúnta fada maidir le nádúr na fantaisíochta "Éireannaí", "Éireannachas" agus ealaín na léirmheastóireachta.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tangentonline.com/index.php?option=com_simpleboard&Itemid=160&func=view&id=1110&catid=6|teideal=Forum Response to Review of Emerald Eye in Tangent Online|dátarochtana=30 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080119221911/http://www.tangentonline.com/index.php?option=com_simpleboard&Itemid=160&func=view&catid=6&id=1110|archivedate=19 January 2008|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Sa bhliain 2011, d’eisigh ''Aeon Press'' dhá dhíolaim ghearrscéalta ag Bristolcon (RA) agus [[Octocon]] (Éire) <small>[<nowiki/>[[:en:Octocon|en]]]</small>. Tá 16 scéal scéiniúil faoin ngrá agus faoin mbás le fáil in [[Box of Delights (Book)|''Box of Delights'']], in eagair ag John Kenny, ó údair ar nós Mike Resnick, Kristine Kathryn Rusch, Steve Rasnic Tem, Don D'Ammassa agus Priya Sharma. Is díolaim scéalta é ''[[Transtories]]'', in eagair ag Colin Harvey, lena mbaineann an réimír '''trans-''<nowiki/>'. I measc na n-údar suntasacha tá Aliette de Boddard, Jay Caselberg agus Lawrence M. Schoen. == Formáid agus infhaighteacht == D’fhoilsítí eagráin dhá nó trí huaire in aghaidh na bliana le n-íoslódáil mar PDF agus mar iris chlóite i méid A4 araon. Bhí ábhar samplach ó eagráin áirithe ar fáil le feiceáil ar shuíomh gréasáin ''Albedo One'' agus rinneadh iad a nuashonrú go tréimhsiúil. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Irisí ficsean eolaíochta nach Meiriceánach ná Sasanach}} [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha ficsin thuairimigh]] [[Catagóir:Irisí ficsin thuairimigh]] [[Catagóir:Irisí ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean tuairimeach Éireannach]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean tuairimeach]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta Éireannach]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean uafáis Éireannach]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean uafáis]] [[Catagóir:Fantaisíocht Éireannach]] [[Catagóir:Fantaisíocht]] [[Catagóir:Irisí liteartha]] [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin Bhéarla]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin neamhrialta]] [[Catagóir:Gearrscéalta]] [[Catagóir:Bunaithe sa bhliain 1993]] [[Catagóir:Bunaithe sna 1990í]] 3gzuv1jp99fd7w90xs1vbwbfwzja0oq 1322747 1322743 2026-08-06T00:13:17Z Taghdtaighde 60452 Catagóir curtha leis 1322747 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Teideal iodálach}} {{WD Bosca Sonraí Nuachtán |editor=John Kenny, Bob Neilson, David Murphy, Frank Ludlow, Roelof Goudriaan and Peter Loftus with Contributing Editors Dev Agarwal, Juliet E. McKenna and David Conyers |genere=Iris liteartha |tema=[[Ficsean eolaíochta]], uafás, fantaisíocht |publicat_a=[[Éire]] |edicions=50 |distribucio=I gcló agus le n-íoslódáil, le rogha scéalta ar líne }} Bhí '''''Albedo One''''' ina iris uafáis, fantaisíochta agus [[ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Éire|Éireannach]], a bunaíodh sa bhliain 1993 arna fhoilsiú ag Albedo One Productions.<ref name="mann">{{Cite book-en|author=Mann|first=G.|year=2001|title=The mammoth encyclopedia of science fiction|location=London|isbn=1-84119-177-9|publisher=Robinson}}</ref> == Léargas ginearálta == Áiríodh ''Albedo One'' mar chomharba na hirise ficsean eolaíochta Éireannaí ''[[FTL (iris)|FTL]]'', a d'fhoilsigh [[Cumann Ficsean Eolaíochta na hÉireann]] (<small>EN: ISFA</small>; cumann atá imithe i léig ó shin freisin).<ref name=prog>Albedo One, Decade One (An honourable draw), ''Phoenix Convention, 27th-28th September, 2003, Official Program'', 2003</ref> Ba chomharba é ''FTL'' féin ar an iris Éireannach ''[[Gateway]]''. Is minic a dhéantar cur síos ar ''Albedo One'' mar an iris ficsean tuairimeach ab fhada a bhí á fhoilsiú in Éireann<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/004391.html|title=Review of Albedo One issue 25 in TRS2|access-date=30 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080906164922/http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/004391.html|archive-date=6 September 2008}}</ref> agus glacadh leis mar fhreagra na hÉireann ar ''[[Interzone]]''.<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/08/04/28/albedo_one_34.html|title=Review of ''Albedo One'' issue 34|access-date=30 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517211919/http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/08/04/28/albedo_one_34.html|archive-date=17 May 2008}}</ref> Ó eagrán 1 (1993) go heagrán 12 (1996), bhí ''Albedo One'' á fhoilsiú ag Tachyon Productions faoi leagan amach A5. Ó eagrán 13 (1996) ar aghaidh, d'aistrigh an iris go leagan amach A4 feasta agus b'iad Albedo One Productions a d'fhoilsigh. Dar leis na heagarthóirí, bhí na hathruithe seo ina n-iarracht dáileadh a mhéadú, níos mó fógraíochta a mhealladh, agus gus a chur san iris.<ref>Editorial, ''Albedo One'' eagrán 12, 1996</ref> Is iad scéalta bunaidh a d’fhoilsigh ''Albedo One'' (.i. scéalta nár foilsíodh cheana), ó údair Éireannacha agus idirnáisiúnta. Is minic a luaigh léirmheastóirí fócas ar údair Éireannacha leis,<ref name="30cn">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.sfcrowsnest.com/articles/books/2006/nz10137.php|title=Review of ''Albedo One'' issue 30 in SF Crowsnest|access-date=30 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080922130025/http://www.sfcrowsnest.com/articles/books/2006/nz10137.php|archive-date=22 September 2008}}</ref> ach níor cuireadh foilsiú údair neamh-Éireannacha as an áireamh mar amhail roinnt irisí náisiúnta de sheánraí faoi leith, agus is í an dea-scríbhneoireacht is mó ba chás leis.<ref name="30cn" /> Dúirt lucht na hirise gur sainmhíniú thar a bheith leathan a bhí ar intinn acu ar an rud is ficsean eolaíocht, uafás, nó fantaisíocht ann<ref name="a1wg">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.albedo1.com/html/writers_guidelines.html|title=Albedo One Writer's Guidelines|access-date=27 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081102075709/http://www.albedo1.com/html/writers_guidelines.html|archive-date=2 November 2008}}</ref> agus gur thaitin leo ábhar a sháraigh na teorainneacha, rud ar thug léitheoirí agus léirmheastóirí suntas dó.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ozhorrorscope.blogspot.com/2008/03/review-albedo-one-issue-34.html|url-status=dead |df=dmy-all|teideal=Review of Albedo One issue 34 in Horrorscope|dátarochtana=30 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303195746/http://ozhorrorscope.blogspot.com/2008/03/review-albedo-one-issue-34.html|archivedate=3 March 2016}}</ref> Maidir leis seo, dúirt léirmheastóir amháin go bhfuil moladh tuillte ag aon iris a spreagann scríbhneoirí nua agus léitheoirí araon chun fairsinge.<ref name="30cn" /> Foilsíodh an iris i gcló agus mar pdf, thart ar dhá nó trí huaire sa bhliain. De ghnáth, bhíodh na scéalta a foilsíodh i ngach eagrán idir 2000 agus 8000 focal ar fhad,<ref name="a1wg">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.albedo1.com/html/writers_guidelines.html|title=Albedo One Writer's Guidelines|access-date=27 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081102075709/http://www.albedo1.com/html/writers_guidelines.html|archive-date=2 November 2008}}</ref> cé gur foilsíodh scéalta scaití a bhí lasmuigh de na teorainneacha seo. I ngach eagrán, d’fhoilsigh an iris agallamh le húdar aitheanta i seánra dá gcuid freisin, chomh maith le léirmheasanna leabhar agus colún litreacha (a bhí annamh níos faide anonn) faoin gceannteideal "''Ugly Chickens''"<ref>m.sh. ''Albedo One'' eagrán 29, 2004</ref> a ainmníodh as an scéal cáiliúil "The Ugly Chickens" <small>[<nowiki/>[[:en:The_Ugly_Chickens|en]]]</small> de chuid an údair Howard Waldrop. Dúirt eagarthóirí na hirise gur mheas siad gur thug ábhar neamhfhicsin, taobh leis an ficsean, a fhéiniúlacht féin don iris.<ref>Eagarfhocal, ''Albedo One'' eagrán 11, 1996.</ref> Bhíodh alt nó píosa tuairimíochta neamhrialta san iris freisin le húdair gan ainm ag scríobh faoin ainm Severian, as carachtar <small>[<nowiki/>[[:en:Severian_(character)|en]]]</small> a rinneadh cáiliúil i scríbhneoireacht an údair Gene Wolfe. Is minic ar tharraing na colúin seo aird as a seasaimh teanntásacha<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.willowcom.org.uk/revup/mags/albedo17.htm|url-status=dead|teideal=Review of ''Albedo One'' issue 17, 1998|dátarochtana=30 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007113910/http://www.willowcom.org.uk/revup/mags/albedo17.htm|archivedate=7 October 2011}}</ref> nó conspóideacha ar chúrsaí seánra.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sfcrowsnest.com/articles/books/2008/nz12427.php|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all|teideal=Review of Albedo One issue 33 in SF Crowsnest|dátarochtana=27 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108094407/http://www.sfcrowsnest.com./articles/books/2008/nz12427.php|archivedate=8 January 2009}}</ref> Rinne léirmheastóir amháin cur síos ar an gceann a bhí in eagrán 31 de ''Albedo One'' mar rámhaille a bhí gríosaitheach d'aon ghnó.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sfcrowsnest.com/articles/books/2006/nz10481.php|teideal=Review of Albedo One issue 31 in SF Crowsnest|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080906113037/http://www.sfcrowsnest.com/articles/books/2006/nz10481.php|archivedate=6 September 2008|access-date=30 October 2008|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Sa bhliain 1996, d'fhógair na heagarthóirí cuireadh oscailte alt a scríobh don cholún seo faoi cheist a bhfuil tuairimí láidre acu faoi.<ref>Editorial, ''Albedo One'' issue 12, 1996</ref> == Foireann == * John Kenny, comheagarthóir * Peter Loftus, comheagarthóir * Frank Ludlow, comheagarthóir * David Murphy, comheagarthóir * Robert Neilson, comheagarthóir == Aird ón tionscal agus duaiseanna == Idir 1997 agus 1999, thug [[Cumann Ficsean Eolaíochta na hEorpa]] <small>[<nowiki/>[[:en:European_Science_Fiction_Society|en]]]</small> trí onóir d''<nowiki/>'Albedo One'', agus bhuaigh sé Gradaim don Iris is Fearr agus don Foilsitheoir is Fearr.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.albedo1.com/html/a1__magazine.html |teideal=About Albedo 1|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all |archivedate=10 November 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081110201713/http://www.albedo1.com/html/a1__magazine.html|dátarochtana=30 October 2008}}</ref> Is minic a thuill scéalta ón iris Moladh ar Leith sa ''Year's Best Science Fiction'', arna chur in eagar ag Gardner Dozois, agus sa ''Year's Best Fantasy and Horror,'' arna chur in eagar ag Ellen Datlow, Kelly Link agus Gavin Grant. In ainneoin seo, ba níos faide anonn ar tosaíodh athchló a chur ar scéalta ón iris in imleabhair ''Year's Best''... nuair a cuireadh athchló ar "The Bad Magician" le Philip Raines agus Harvey Welles (ó eagrán 28 de ''Albedo One'') in imleabhar 18 de ''Year's Best Fantasy and Horror'' 2004 agus athchlódh "I Hold My Father's Paws" (ó eagrán 31) le David D. Levine in imleabhar 24 de ''Year's Best Science Fiction'' 2006. Sa bhliain 2006, bhótáladh ''Albedo One'' san 8ú háit sna hainmniúcháin do [[Gradaim Hugo|Ghradam Hugo]] faoin gcatagóir don iris leath-ghairmiúil is fearr.<ref name="bugpowder.com">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/07/03/14/albedo_one_32.html|title=Review of ''Albedo One'' issue 32, 2006|access-date=30 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080906113241/http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/07/03/14/albedo_one_32.html|archive-date=6 September 2008}}</ref> Cé nár measadh go raibh ainmniúchán do Ghradam Hugo bainte amach ach an cúigear ab airde bhóta ar an liosta faoin gcatagóir seo, bhí an ócáid suntasach mar gheall gurb í an chéad uair a bhí ''Albedo One'' ar liosta na n-ainmniúchán (agus an chéad uair a bhí iris Éireannach ar bith air). Bhí an ócáid suntasach freisin sa mhéid is gur cuireadh ''Albedo One'' chun tosaigh ar irisí aitheanta eile ar nós ''Lady Churchill's Rosebud Wristlet'', ''Postscripts'' agus ''Apex Digest''.<ref>[http://cluebytwelve.net/Hugos2006/nominees.txt Full list of the Hugo Awards 2006 Nominations Ballot] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426005658/http://cluebytwelve.net/Hugos2006/nominees.txt|date=26 April 2015}}</ref> == Glacadh ag na gcriticí == === Caighdeán táirgthe === Luaigh ''an Mammoth Encyclopedia of Science Fiction'' go raibh clúdach clóite ar na heagráin le déanaí (faoi 2001), ach go raibh an méid istigh fós fótachóipeáilte i ndubh agus bán agus go bhféadfadh go mbeadh feabhsú ar a chaighdeán táirgthe bheith chun a leasa, ar bhonn aeistéiteach amháin. Lean an iontráil air le rá go ndíolann caighdeáin eagarthóireachta agus liteartha a bhfuil ann breis agus a chúiteamh as sin.<ref name="mann">{{Cite book-en|author=Mann|first=G.|year=2001|title=The mammoth encyclopedia of science fiction|location=London|isbn=1-84119-177-9|publisher=Robinson}}</ref> Mar sin féin, fuair Mann méid áirithe cáinte ó léirmheastóirí as roinnt irisí ar nós ''Albedo One'' a chur san áireamh thar irisí eile a bhí ar fáil, agus cheistnigh léirmheastóir amháin ón eagrán ar líne de ''The Zone'' cá raibh teidil inchomparáide ar nós ''The Zone'' le Tony Lee, ''Back Brain Recluse'' le Chris Reed a bhíodh galánta i gcónaí dar leo, nó an ''Critical Wave'' dodhearmadta, cé go raibh lua tuilte ag ''Albedo One.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.zone-sf.com/mammothencyclopediasf.html|url-status=usurped|df=dmy-all|teideal=Review of ''The Mammoth Encyclopedia of Science Fiction'' in The Zone|dátarochtana=30 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121023529/http://www.zone-sf.com/mammothencyclopediasf.html|archivedate=21 November 2008}}</ref>'' Dúirt léirmheastóir amháin faoi eagrán 25 (2002) go raibh mire mheallacach áirithe ag baint lena dhearadh cló agus leagan amach a chuir aschur Pagemaker sna 1990idí luatha i gcuimhne, ach go raibh na scéalta láidir gan amhras.<ref>[http://www.tangentonline.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=190&Itemid=263 Review of ''Albedo One'' issue 25 in Tangent Online]</ref> Maidir le caighdeán táirgthe, in 2003, dúirt eagarthóir amháin den iris gur bhreá leo iris lán-chlóite faoi chlúdach lán-daite a tháirgeadh ach, murab ionann agus an cás sa RA, ní raibh an [[An Chomhairle Ealaíon|Chomhairle Ealaíon]] abhus gur fiú ficsean eolaíochta ná foilsitheoireacht irisí a mheas i gcomhair tacaíochta.<ref name="prog" /> Mar sin féin, mar fhreagra féideartha ar cháineadh b'fhéidir, rinne an iris iarracht feabhas a chur ar a chaighdeán táirgthe, le clúdaigh lán-daite, i bhformáid A4 faoi cheangal foirfe agus taobh istigh priontáilte i liathscála le DocuTech, ó eagrán 28 (2004) ar aghaidh. Ag an am, luaigh na heagarthóirí nár shamhlaíodar riamh nuair a thosaíodar amach go mbeidís fós ar an bhfód sa Mhílaois Nua ach gurb é á meon ná go leanfaidís air chomh fada agus a bheadh spraoi ann agus bhí fós. Ghuíodar go mbainfeadh na léitheoirí taitneamh as an gclúdach lán-daite.<ref>Editorial, ''Albedo One'' issue 28, 2004.</ref> === Ficsean === Go ginearálta, bhí léirmheasanna ar ábhar ficsean ''Albedo One'' ar scála idir dhearfach den chuid is mó agus an-dearfach. Dúirt léirmheastóir amháin gur frithnimh fhoirfe é ''Albedo One'' #29 in aghaidh táirgí truflaise ó scríbhneoirí patuara nach bhfuil ag cur i gcéill<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/04/11/19/albedo_one_29.html|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all|teideal=Review of ''Albedo One'' issue 29, 2004|dátarochtana=30 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080905194519/http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/04/11/19/albedo_one_29.html|archivedate=5 September 2008}}</ref> Dúirt an léirmheastóir céanna faoi eagrán 32 go raibh luas á chur faoi ardú éirime le heagrán ar tiomsaíodh go seoigh le meascán seolta d'fhicsean eolaíochta.<ref name="bugpowder.com" /> Dúirt léirmheas ar eagrán 33 ar BestSF faoin iris nach raibh sé baileach in acmhainn cic sa tóin a thabhairt do ''Interzone'', ach tráth a bhí an iris tréitheach Sasanach ag déanamh dul chun cinn faoina cheannaireacht nua, bhí ''Albedo One'' ag coinneáil bonn ar aon leis agus bhí faoi raon súl de sciorta a gcóta, mura raibh faoi fhad alptha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bestsf.net/reviews/albedoone33.html|teideal=Review of ''Albedo One'' issue 33, 2007, in BestSF|dátarochtana=30 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011064408/http://www.bestsf.net/reviews/albedoone33.html|archivedate=11 October 2008|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Dúirt léirmheas ar eagrán 34 gur ábhar bród do lucht ''Albedo One'' é a gcuid ficsin shainiúil agus mar a dúradh cheana, a deir siad, sa dóigh sin ní haon áibhéil é.<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/08/04/28/albedo_one_34.html|title=Review of ''Albedo One'' issue 34|access-date=30 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517211919/http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/08/04/28/albedo_one_34.html|archive-date=17 May 2008}}</ref> É sin ráite, ní raibh gach léirmheas chomh dearfach leis sin, mura rabhadar baileach diúltach ach oiread. Fuair eagrán 30 léirmheas neodrach go leor ar BestSF.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bestsf.net/reviews/albedoone30.html |url-status=dead|df=dmy-all|teideal=Review of ''Albedo One'' issue 30, 2005, in BestSF|dátarochtana=30 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080723112332/http://www.bestsf.net/reviews/albedoone30.html|archivedate=23 July 2008}}</ref> Agus iomrá mór faoi eagrán 32 ar intinn acu, dúirt léirmheastóir amháin gur fhill eagrán 33 ar fhicsean nach mbaineadh sceiteog chomh mór sin asat – deá-cheardaíocht taitneamhach ach beagáinín stálaithe mar sin féin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/07/10/01/albedo_one_33.html|teideal=Review of ''Albedo One'' issue 33, 2007|dátarochtana=30 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080908002052/http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/07/10/01/albedo_one_33.html|archivedate=8 September 2008|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Sa bhliain 2003, dúirt eagarthóir amháin go rabhadar ag dréim leis an iris a fheabhsú eagrán ar eagrán agus go raibh rudaí thar a bheith deas le rá leo ag lucht na critice in imeacht na mblianta, chomh maith le roinnt a bhí go dona. Dúirt an t-eagarthóir sin gur fearr leo scéalta a spreagann freagraí móra, dearfach nó diúltach, ná freagra patuar ó chách. Scéal a bhfuil an ghráin ag daoine air, ar a laghad chuaigh sé i bhfeidhm orthu sa mhéid is gur spreag mothúchán. Dúradh nár dhóigh leis an eagarthóir sin gur fhoilsíodar scéal ariamh ar thaitin le gach uile dhuine beo agus go rabhadar ag súil nach bhfoilseodh go deo.<ref name="prog" /> Mhol léirmheastóir amháin an cur chuige ginearálta maidir le roghnú ficsean le foilsiú in ''Albedo One'', á rá agus foilsitheoirí eile ag streachailt chun cloí le spriocdhátaí a leagann siad orthu féin, ghabh ''Albedo One'' go fonnmhar le sceideal foilsitheoireachta a bhí faoi réir ag an gcarnadh de réir a chéile ábhair atá ar ardchaighdeáin – ábhar ó mheascán de scríbhneoirí céaduaire agus daoine gairmiúla seanbhunaithe, agus a éilíonn lucht féachana.<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/004391.html|title=Review of Albedo One issue 25 in TRS2|access-date=30 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080906164922/http://www.bugpowder.com/trs2/004391.html|archive-date=6 September 2008}}</ref> == Duais Aeon == Ó 2004, bhí ''Albedo One'' ag déanamh urraíocht ar Ghradam Aeon, comórtas ficsean a bhí dírithe ar scríbhneoirí nua agus scríbhneoireacht i seánraí an fhicsin thuairimigh a chur chun cinn. Bhuaigh an scéal "My Marriage" leis an údar Sasanach Julian West an chéad Ghradam Aeon 2004-2005. Dúirt an tArd-Mholtóir [[Ian Watson (údar)|Ian Watson]] gur cheap sé go raibh sé suaiteach go leor, agus mhol sé é le haghaidh [[Gradam Liteartha Lambda|Ghradam Lambda]].<ref>The Inaugural Aeon Award, 2004-2005, ''Albedo One'', Issue 31, 2005</ref><ref>[http://albedo1.com/AeonEntrants20062007.jpg Percentage of Aeon Entrants 2006-2007 by Nationality.]{{Dead link|date=October 2018|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> == ''Aeon Press'' == Rinneadh cur síos ar ''Aeon Press'' mar chraobh fhoilsitheoireachta leabhar ''Albedo One'',<ref>Editorial, ''Albedo One'' issue 30, 2005.</ref> agus bhí sé ar an líon beag foilsitheoirí a bhí tiomnaithe don fhicsean eolaíochta, don fhantaisíocht agus don uafáis in Éirinn. Ba é ''[[Emerald Eye: Best Irish Imaginative Fiction]]'' (2005), in eagair ag Roelof Goudriaan agus Frank Ludlow, a fhoilseachán ba shuntasaí.<ref name="E">{{Cite book-en|title=Emerald Eye: Best Irish Imaginative Fiction|publisher=Aeon Press|year=2005|isbn=0-9534784-4-0}}</ref> Ba bhailiúchán é sin d'fhicsean eolaíochta, d'fhantaisíocht agus d'uafás ó údair Éireannacha na linne. Bhí mothú dorcha ann, agus éagmais eilimintí a shamhlaítear le fantaisíochta Éireannacha (m.sh. [[Leipreachán|leipreacháin]]), rud a bhí conspóideach dar le daoine áirithe.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.tangentonline.com/index.php?option=content&task=view&Itemid=1&id=616 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all |teideal=Review of Emerald Eye in Tangent Online|dátarochtana=26 January 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061230230242/http://www.tangentonline.com/index.php?option=content&task=view&Itemid=1&id=616|archivedate=30 December 2006}}</ref> Spreag léirmheas amháin díospóireacht réasúnta fada maidir le nádúr na fantaisíochta "Éireannaí", "Éireannachas" agus ealaín na léirmheastóireachta.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tangentonline.com/index.php?option=com_simpleboard&Itemid=160&func=view&id=1110&catid=6|teideal=Forum Response to Review of Emerald Eye in Tangent Online|dátarochtana=30 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080119221911/http://www.tangentonline.com/index.php?option=com_simpleboard&Itemid=160&func=view&catid=6&id=1110|archivedate=19 January 2008|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Sa bhliain 2011, d’eisigh ''Aeon Press'' dhá dhíolaim ghearrscéalta ag Bristolcon (RA) agus [[Octocon]] (Éire) <small>[<nowiki/>[[:en:Octocon|en]]]</small>. Tá 16 scéal scéiniúil faoin ngrá agus faoin mbás le fáil in [[Box of Delights (Book)|''Box of Delights'']], in eagair ag John Kenny, ó údair ar nós Mike Resnick, Kristine Kathryn Rusch, Steve Rasnic Tem, Don D'Ammassa agus Priya Sharma. Is díolaim scéalta é ''[[Transtories]]'', in eagair ag Colin Harvey, lena mbaineann an réimír '''trans-''<nowiki/>'. I measc na n-údar suntasacha tá Aliette de Boddard, Jay Caselberg agus Lawrence M. Schoen. == Formáid agus infhaighteacht == D’fhoilsítí eagráin dhá nó trí huaire in aghaidh na bliana le n-íoslódáil mar PDF agus mar iris chlóite i méid A4 araon. Bhí ábhar samplach ó eagráin áirithe ar fáil le feiceáil ar shuíomh gréasáin ''Albedo One'' agus rinneadh iad a nuashonrú go tréimhsiúil. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Irisí ficsean eolaíochta nach Meiriceánach ná Sasanach}} [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha ficsin thuairimigh]] [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Irisí ficsin thuairimigh]] [[Catagóir:Irisí ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean tuairimeach Éireannach]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean tuairimeach]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta Éireannach]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean uafáis Éireannach]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean uafáis]] [[Catagóir:Fantaisíocht Éireannach]] [[Catagóir:Fantaisíocht]] [[Catagóir:Irisí liteartha]] [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin Bhéarla]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin neamhrialta]] [[Catagóir:Gearrscéalta]] [[Catagóir:Bunaithe sa bhliain 1993]] [[Catagóir:Bunaithe sna 1990í]] 0r44wld3ea7lay01bxdcd6b8830btpc 0 122924 1322749 1304158 2026-08-06T00:26:15Z Taghdtaighde 60452 Curtha i bhfochatagóir 1322749 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Teideal iodálach}} {{WD Bosca Sonraí Nuachtán |genere=Iris liteartha |tema=[[Ficsean eolaíochta]] |editor=Walt Willis, James White |publicat_a=[[Béal Feirste]] |distribucio=I gcló |seguit_per=''[[Hyphen]]'' }} Bhí '''''Slant''''' ina [[Irisí agus Nuachtáin Gaeilge|iris]] [[ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannach]] arna fhoilsiú i m[[Béal Feirste]]<ref>{{Cite book-en|author=Nicholls|first=Peter|title=The Encyclopedia of science fiction: an illustrated A to Z|url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofsc0000unse_m7n7|year=1979|publisher=Granada|isbn=978-02-4611-020-6|pages=[https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofsc0000unse_m7n7/page/n675 672]|language=inglés}}</ref> idir 1948 agus 1953 ag [[Walt Willis]] <small>[<nowiki/>[[:en:Walt_Willis|en]]]</small> i gcomhar le [[James White (escritor)|James White]] <small>[<nowiki/>[[:en:James_White_(author)|en]]]</small>, a bhí ról an stiúrthóra ealaíne aige; dar leis an gcriticeoir agus staraí David Langford bhí sé ar na hirisí deonacha is mó clú den seánra é,<ref name="langford">{{Cite book-en|author=Langford|first=David|title=The Sex Column And Other Misprints|year=2005|publisher=Wildside Press LLC|isbn=978-19-3099-778-3|pages=244|language=inglés}}</ref> agus luann Edward James gurbh é ceann de na cinn is fearr dá leithéid é mar gheall ar a phrós agus a rannpháirtithe.<ref>{{Cite book-en|author=James|first=Edward|title=Science fiction in the twentieth century|year=1994|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|isbn=978-01-9289-244-7|pages=[https://archive.org/details/sciencefictionin00jame/page/250 250]|language=inglés|url=https://archive.org/details/sciencefictionin00jame/page/250}}</ref> Ba é an chéad iris de chuid Willis é,<ref name="tymn">{{Cite book-en|author=Tymn|first=Marshall B.|title=The Science fiction reference book: a comprehensive handbook and guide to the history, literature, scholarship, and related activities of the science fiction and fantasy fields|year=1981|publisher=Starmont House|isbn=978-09-1673-249-3|pages=[https://archive.org/details/sciencefictionre0000unse/page/536 536]|language=inglés|url=https://archive.org/details/sciencefictionre0000unse/page/536}}</ref> agus tar éis a dhúnta, chuaigh sé i gcomhpháirtíocht le [[Chuck Harris]] agus bhunaíodar ''[[Hyphen]]''.<ref name="wymer">{{Cite book-en|author=Cowart|first=David|title=Twentieth-century American Science-fiction Writers, Part 2|year=1981|publisher=Gale Research Co.|pages=333|language=inglés}}</ref> == Polasaí eagarthóireachta == Bhí an iris uathúil sa mhéid is gur clódh de láimh í<ref name="langford">{{Cite book-en|author=Langford|first=David|title=The Sex Column And Other Misprints|year=2005|publisher=Wildside Press LLC|isbn=978-19-3099-778-3|pages=244|language=inglés}}</ref> agus go raibh aistí inti le scríbhneoirí amaitéaracha,<ref name="tymn">{{Cite book-en|author=Tymn|first=Marshall B.|title=The Science fiction reference book: a comprehensive handbook and guide to the history, literature, scholarship, and related activities of the science fiction and fantasy fields|year=1981|publisher=Starmont House|isbn=978-09-1673-249-3|pages=[https://archive.org/details/sciencefictionre0000unse/page/536 536]|language=inglés|url=https://archive.org/details/sciencefictionre0000unse/page/536}}</ref> chomh maith le hábhar a bhí cruthaithe ag na heagarthóirí agus scríbhneoirí eile den chuid is mó, lena n-áirítear [[Clive Jackson]] a thosaigh ''The Swordsmen of Varnis'' anseo<ref>{{Cite book-en|title=Science Fiction, Fantasy and Weird Fiction Magazines|publisher=Greenwood Press|year=1985|isbn=0-313-21221-X|language=inglés|location=West|author=Marshall B. Tymn ⁊ Mike Ashley}}</ref> agus [[James White (escritor)|James White]] a d’fhoilsigh a chéad scríbhinní i ''Slant''.<ref>{{Cite book-en|title=Alien Emergencies: A Sector General Omnibus|year=2002|isbn=978-07-3942-588-6|pages=[https://archive.org/details/alienemergencies00jame/page/606 606]|url=https://archive.org/details/alienemergencies00jame/page/606|language=as Béarla|author=James White|publisher=Orb}}</ref> Fuair an foilseachán dhá ainmniúchán le haghaidh Ghradam [[Gradaim Hugo Reitreo|Hugo Reitreo]] i 2001 agus 2004, idir na blianta 1951 agus 1954, agus sa bhliain dheireanach sin bhuaigh sé an gradam.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1954-retro-hugo-awards/|fecha=2011|language=Béarla|deadurl=yes|teideal=1954 Retro Hugo Awards|údar=World Science Fiction Society|dátarochtana=29 Nollaig 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130208174614/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1954-retro-hugo-awards/|archivedate=8 Feabhra 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1951-retro-hugo-awards/|teideal=1951 Retro Hugo Awards|údar=World Science Fiction Society|dáta=2011|language=Béarla|dátarochtana=29 Nollaig 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130208174519/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1951-retro-hugo-awards/|archivedate=8 Feabhra 2013|deadurl=yes}}</ref> == Rannpháirtithe == Foilsíodh an chéad eagrán i mí na Samhna 1948, bhí 12 leathanach ann agus ba é 6.5" x 8" a leagan amach; bhí ailt ann le James White agus le Walter A. Willis, agus ba é ''Spaceship, Book & Planet'' teideal an chlúdaigh le White féin.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fanac.org/fanzines/Slant/Slant1-00.html|language=as Béarla|teideal=Slant #1|dátarochtana=29 de diciembre de 2012|foilsitheoir=fanac.org}}</ref><ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|publisher=fanac.org|url=http://fanac.org/fanzines/Slant/Slant1-01.html|date=Samhain 1948|fechaacceso=|language=Béarla|editor=|autor=White, James|title=Spaceship, book & planet|journal=Slant|accessdate=29 Nollaig 2012|pages=1}}</ref> Faoin dara heagrán de 1949, bhí téacsanna le húdair eile le feiceáil—chomh maith le White agus Willis—: Clive Jackson le ''The Still Small Voice'' agus [[Cedric Walker]] le ''Cat Song'' agus ''All Dogs Are Equal''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fanac.org/fanzines/Slant/Slant1-00.html|teideal=Slant #1|language=as Béarla|foilsitheoir=fanac.org|dátarochtana=29 Nollaig 2012}}</ref> Ina theannta sin, i measc na rannpháirtithe eile bhí ER James, HT McAdams, Peter Phillips, FG Rayer, Peter Ridley, Eric Frank Russel, Bob Shaw <small>[<nowiki/>[[:en:Bob_Shaw|en]]]</small>, Shapiro Shaw, Vince Shaw, DR Smith, Evelyn Smythe, William F. Temple, EC Tubb, agus Bill Venable. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} == Naisc sheachtracha == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130324001636/http://www.zinewiki.com/Slant Alt faoi ''Slant''] ar [[ZineWiki]] (i m[[An Béarla|Béarla]]) {{Rialú údaráis}} {{Irisí ficsean eolaíochta nach Meiriceánach ná Sasanach}} [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta Éireannach]] [[Catagóir:Irisí liteartha]] [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin Bhéarla]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin neamhrialta]] <!--[[Catagóir:Leathbhliantáin]]?--> [[Catagóir:Gearrscéalta]] [[Catagóir:Bunaithe sa bhliain 1948]] [[Catagóir:Bunaithe sna 1940í]] o6mr8sfzqxga542untophvvja59irkz 0 122925 1322748 1304157 2026-08-06T00:21:16Z Taghdtaighde 60452 Catagóir curtha leis 1322748 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Teideal iodálach}} {{WD Bosca Sonraí Nuachtán |editor=Walt Willis i gcomhar le James White, Bob Shaw, Chuck Harris, Vincent Clarke, Arthur Thomson, Ian McAuley, Madeleine Willis |genere=Iris liteartha |tema=[[Ficsean eolaíochta]] |publicat_a=[[Béal Feirste]] |distribucio=I gcló |precedit_per=''[[Slant]]'' }} Bhí '''''Hyphen''''' ina [[Irisleabhar|iris]] [[ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannach]] arna fhoilsiú ag [[Walt Willis]] <small>[<nowiki/>[[:en:Walt_Willis|en]]]</small> i gcomhar le James White <small>[<nowiki/>[[:en:James_White_(author)|en]]]</small>, Bob Shaw<ref group="nóta">Scríobh Bob Shaw colún i ''Hyphen'' faoin teideal ''The Glass Bushel'' (Langford, 2003).</ref><small>[<nowiki/>[[:en:Bob_Shaw|en]]]</small> agus roinnt daoine eile—Chuck Harris, Vincent Clarke, [[Arthur Thomson]], Ian McAuley agus Madeleine Willis. Seoladh an iris i ndiaidh gur shocraigh Willis a chéad iris, ''[[Slant]],'' a scor. Le linn na tréimhse sin, d’fhoilsigh siad 36 eagrán, agus bhí Forlíonadh Liteartha ar leith i gceann acu; ina theannta sin, chruthaigh muintir Willis an 37ú heagrán i 1987 chun 40 bliain de lucht leanúna fhicsean eolaíochta in Éireann a cheiliúradh. Ainmníodh an foilseachán le haghaidh Ghradam Hugo don iris deonach is fearr i 1957 agus 1959,<ref name="Hugo57">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1957-hugo-awards/|title=1957 Hugo Awards|editor=The Hugo Awards|language=as Béarla|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=21 de diciembre de 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121015162510/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1957-hugo-awards/|archive-date=15 de octubre de 2012}}</ref><ref name="Hugo59">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1959-hugo-awards/|title=1959 Hugo Awards|editor=The Hugo Awards|language=as Béarla|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=21 de diciembre de 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130208174548/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1959-hugo-awards/|archive-date=8 de febrero de 2013}}</ref> agus le haghaidh Hugo Reitreo don bhliain 1954;<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.nesfa.org/data/LL/Hugos|title=The Long List of Hugo Awards|language=as Béarla|access-date=22 de diciembre de 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120907165946/http://www.nesfa.org/data/LL/Hugos/|archive-date=7 de septiembre de 2012}}</ref> ina theannta sin, i 1958 fuair Willis Gradam Hugo don nduine leanúna tofa, gradam a tháinig in ionad an chatagóir don iris deonach is fearr an bhliain sin. Áirítear ''Hyphen'' ar irisí deonacha maighdeogacha a linne i ngeall ar a ghreann agus a thráthúlacht, a bhuí le húdair ar nós Willis agus maisitheoirí ar nós Thomson (ar a dtugtar ATom), agus bhí aistí inti le scríbhneoirí amaitéaracha, chomh maith le hábhar arna cruthú Shaw, Willis agus White den chuid is mó,<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|journal=Amazing Stories|issue=44|year=1970|title=}}</ref> agus ailt chriticiúla le húdair cháiliúla ar nós Damon Knight.<ref>{{Cite book-en|author=Bleiler|first=Richard|title=Science fiction writers: critical studies of the major authors from the early nineteenth century to the present day|year=1999|publisher=Charles Scribner's Sons|isbn=978-06-8480-593-1|pages=[https://archive.org/details/sciencefictionwr0000unse/page/1009 1009]|language=inglés|url=https://archive.org/details/sciencefictionwr0000unse/page/1009}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} ====Nótaí==== {{reflist|group=nóta}} == Naisc sheachtracha == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130323184250/http://www.zinewiki.com/Hyphen Alt faoi ''Hyphen''] ar [[ZineWiki]] (i mBéarla). * Iontráil [http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/pe.cgi?28978 ''Hyphen''] i mBunachar Sonraí Ficsean Tuairmeach na hIdirlíne (i mBéarla). {{Irisí ficsean eolaíochta nach Meiriceánach ná Sasanach}} [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Irisí ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta Éireannach]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Irisí liteartha]] [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin Bhéarla]] [[Catagóir:Gearrscéalta]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin neamhrialta]]<!--?--> [[Catagóir:Bunaithe sa bhliain 1952]] [[Catagóir:Bunaithe sna 1950í]] 6wpdd99ctze7okpvmufrm54qvj0e612 1322751 1322748 2026-08-06T00:29:34Z Taghdtaighde 60452 Catagóirí bainte 1322751 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Teideal iodálach}} {{WD Bosca Sonraí Nuachtán |editor=Walt Willis i gcomhar le James White, Bob Shaw, Chuck Harris, Vincent Clarke, Arthur Thomson, Ian McAuley, Madeleine Willis |genere=Iris liteartha |tema=[[Ficsean eolaíochta]] |publicat_a=[[Béal Feirste]] |distribucio=I gcló |precedit_per=''[[Slant]]'' }} Bhí '''''Hyphen''''' ina [[Irisleabhar|iris]] [[ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann)|Éireannach]] arna fhoilsiú ag [[Walt Willis]] <small>[<nowiki/>[[:en:Walt_Willis|en]]]</small> i gcomhar le James White <small>[<nowiki/>[[:en:James_White_(author)|en]]]</small>, Bob Shaw<ref group="nóta">Scríobh Bob Shaw colún i ''Hyphen'' faoin teideal ''The Glass Bushel'' (Langford, 2003).</ref><small>[<nowiki/>[[:en:Bob_Shaw|en]]]</small> agus roinnt daoine eile—Chuck Harris, Vincent Clarke, [[Arthur Thomson]], Ian McAuley agus Madeleine Willis. Seoladh an iris i ndiaidh gur shocraigh Willis a chéad iris, ''[[Slant]],'' a scor. Le linn na tréimhse sin, d’fhoilsigh siad 36 eagrán, agus bhí Forlíonadh Liteartha ar leith i gceann acu; ina theannta sin, chruthaigh muintir Willis an 37ú heagrán i 1987 chun 40 bliain de lucht leanúna fhicsean eolaíochta in Éireann a cheiliúradh. Ainmníodh an foilseachán le haghaidh Ghradam Hugo don iris deonach is fearr i 1957 agus 1959,<ref name="Hugo57">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1957-hugo-awards/|title=1957 Hugo Awards|editor=The Hugo Awards|language=as Béarla|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=21 de diciembre de 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121015162510/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1957-hugo-awards/|archive-date=15 de octubre de 2012}}</ref><ref name="Hugo59">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1959-hugo-awards/|title=1959 Hugo Awards|editor=The Hugo Awards|language=as Béarla|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=21 de diciembre de 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130208174548/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1959-hugo-awards/|archive-date=8 de febrero de 2013}}</ref> agus le haghaidh Hugo Reitreo don bhliain 1954;<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.nesfa.org/data/LL/Hugos|title=The Long List of Hugo Awards|language=as Béarla|access-date=22 de diciembre de 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120907165946/http://www.nesfa.org/data/LL/Hugos/|archive-date=7 de septiembre de 2012}}</ref> ina theannta sin, i 1958 fuair Willis Gradam Hugo don nduine leanúna tofa, gradam a tháinig in ionad an chatagóir don iris deonach is fearr an bhliain sin. Áirítear ''Hyphen'' ar irisí deonacha maighdeogacha a linne i ngeall ar a ghreann agus a thráthúlacht, a bhuí le húdair ar nós Willis agus maisitheoirí ar nós Thomson (ar a dtugtar ATom), agus bhí aistí inti le scríbhneoirí amaitéaracha, chomh maith le hábhar arna cruthú Shaw, Willis agus White den chuid is mó,<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|journal=Amazing Stories|issue=44|year=1970|title=}}</ref> agus ailt chriticiúla le húdair cháiliúla ar nós Damon Knight.<ref>{{Cite book-en|author=Bleiler|first=Richard|title=Science fiction writers: critical studies of the major authors from the early nineteenth century to the present day|year=1999|publisher=Charles Scribner's Sons|isbn=978-06-8480-593-1|pages=[https://archive.org/details/sciencefictionwr0000unse/page/1009 1009]|language=inglés|url=https://archive.org/details/sciencefictionwr0000unse/page/1009}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} ====Nótaí==== {{reflist|group=nóta}} == Naisc sheachtracha == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130323184250/http://www.zinewiki.com/Hyphen Alt faoi ''Hyphen''] ar [[ZineWiki]] (i mBéarla). * Iontráil [http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/pe.cgi?28978 ''Hyphen''] i mBunachar Sonraí Ficsean Tuairmeach na hIdirlíne (i mBéarla). {{Irisí ficsean eolaíochta nach Meiriceánach ná Sasanach}} [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta Éireannach]] [[Catagóir:Irisí liteartha]] [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin Bhéarla]] [[Catagóir:Gearrscéalta]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin neamhrialta]]<!--?--> [[Catagóir:Bunaithe sa bhliain 1952]] [[Catagóir:Bunaithe sna 1950í]] 7s0oeudepari29p3dgu3c8k8tsv2vyi 0 122927 1322742 1315414 2026-08-05T23:59:33Z Taghdtaighde 60452 Catagóir curtha leis agus mionathruithe 1322742 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Teideal iodálach}} {{WD Bosca Sonraí Nuachtán |tipus=Iris liteartha |llengua=Béarla ⁊ Gaeilge |adreça=Oifigí ''Sci-Fi Ireland'',<br/>[[Taj Mahal]],<br/>[[Tíotán (gealach)|Tíotán]], 6ú ghealach<br/>de chuid [[Satarn (pláinéad)|Satairn]] |periodicitat=Leathbhliantán |genere=[[Ficsean eolaíochta]] |tema=Gearrscéalta, léirmheasanna, tuairimíocht |editor=Mark Mullan ⁊<br/>Alex Johnston |publicat_a=[[Éire]] |edicions=1+ |distribucio=I gcló ⁊ mar pdf }} Is iris liteartha é '''''[[Sci-Fi Ireland]]''''' a dhíríonn ar an bh[[ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Éire|Éireannach]]. Is é [[Mark Mullan]] Príomheagarthóir na hirise agus is é [[Alex Johnston]] an Céad-Eagarthóir. Deir siad go bhfuil suim faoi leith acu i scéalta a dhéanann féidearthachtaí daonna a thaighdeadh agus a cheistíonn nádúr an duine a bheith ag scaradh ón g[[comhshaol]]. Tá claonadh i bhfabhar an ghrinn iontu agus is ansa leo coincheapanna ná cruinneas eolaíochta. Mar aon leis an bhficsean, bíonn léirmheasanna agus píosaí tuairimíochta ón bhfoireann san iris. Foilsíodh an chéad eagrán i Mí Bealtaine 2026.<ref name=":2">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://octocon.com/2026/05/hangout-with-sci-fi-ireland-sun-17th-may/|teideal=Hangout with Sci-Fi Ireland - Sun 17th May|údar=[[Catherine Sharp]]|dáta=2026-05-08|language=as Béarla|work=[[Octocon]]|dátarochtana=2026-05-10}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.sci-fi-ireland.com/about|teideal=About|language=as Béarla|work=Sci-Fi Ireland|dátarochtana=2026-02-04}}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.sci-fi-ireland.com/issues|teideal=Issues|language=as Béarla|work=Sci-Fi Ireland|dátarochtana=2026-02-04}}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.sci-fi-ireland.com/the-team|teideal=The team|language=as Béarla|work=Sci-Fi Ireland|dátarochtana=2026-02-04}}</ref> == Cur chuige == Cuireann lucht a eagraithe rompu:<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.writing.ie/resources/sci-fi-ireland/|teideal=Submissions Call: Sci-Fi Ireland|dáta=2025-12-09|language=as Béarla|work=[[Writing.ie]]|dátarochtana=2026-02-04}}</ref> * an ficsean eolaíochta nua is fearr dá bhfuil in Éireann a aimsiú agus a fhoilsiú; * aird a dhíriú ar an bhficsean eolaíochta in am a bhfuil fealsúnacht, smaointeoireacht, agus díospóireacht faoin eolaíocht agus faoin teicneolaíocht níos tábhachtaí ná mar a bhíodar riamh; * spás liteartha a chur ar fáil ina mbeidh pobal ficsean eolaíochta na hÉireann in ann nascadh lena chéile agus píosa spraoi a bheith acu Foilsíonn ''Sci-Fi Ireland'' píosaí ó dhaoine a bhfuil ina gcónaí in [[Éire|Éirinn]] nó a rugadh ann. Cuirtear fáilte roimh scéalta i n[[An Ghaeilge|Gaeilge]], ach foilseofar iad taobh le haistriúchán go [[An Béarla|Béarla]]. Iarrtar ar na húdair a gcuid scéalta a chur isteach mar aon le haistriúchán agus beidh sé den riachtanas obair as lámha a chéile leis na heagarthóirí aistriúchán.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /> Tá sé i gceist ag lucht na hirise eagrán a fhoilsiú gach Bealtaine agus gach Samhain. Níl an luach a dhíoltar as an saothar ag brath ar líon na bhfocal.<ref name=":0" /> == Stair na hirise == Cuireadh amach gairm ar iarratais le haghaidh an chéad eagráin i Mí Nollag 2025, le spriocdháta roimh na [[Lá Fhéile Bríde|Féile Bríde]] 2026.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://irishwriterscentre.ie/opportunities-for-writers-december-2025/|teideal=Opportunities for Writers: December 2025|údar=|dáta=2025-12-22|language=as Béarla|work=[[Áras Scríbhneoirí na hÉireann]]|dátarochtana=2026-02-04}}</ref> Seoladh an chéad eagrán den iris ag an bhféile [[:Catagóir:Ficsean tuairimeach|fhicsean thuairimigh]] [[Norncon]] i m[[Béal Feirste]].<ref name=":2" /> Chuir Mark Mullen an iris i láthair agus léigh údair blaisíní as a gcuid saothar, ina measc Sam Thompson, R.B. Kelly agus Tracey Fahey. Bhí slua mór i láthair dar le T.O. Munro, a thug moladh don iris as ealaíon an chlúdaigh, tosach agus cúl.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://fantasy-hive.co.uk/2026/05/norncon-2026-convention-report-2-of-2/|teideal=NORNCON 2026: Convention Report (2 of 2)|údar=[[T. O. Munro]]|dáta=2026-05-22|language=as Béarla|work=[[Fantasy-Hive]]|dátarochtana=2026-05-25}}</ref> San áireamh ann tá scéalta ó na scríbhneoirí [[Sam Thompson]], {{Interlanguage link|RB Kelly|en|RB Kelly}}, an [[Tracey Fahey|Dr Tracey Fahey]], [[Damien Kelly]], [[D.C. Forde]], [[Sarah Murray]], [[Hugo Kelly]], [[S.G. Murphy]], [[Paul van Sickle]] agus [[Cathy de Buitléir]].<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://damienkellyauthor.com/2026/05/07/norncon-and-all-the-things/|teideal=Norncon and all the things!|údar=[[Damien Kelly]]|dáta=2026-05-07|language=as Béarla|work=Damien Kelly|dátarochtana=2026-05-10}}</ref> Fógraíodh go mbeadh an ghairm ar iarratais le haghaidh an dara heagráin ar oscailt ón 8^ú Meitheamh – 26^ú Iúil 2026.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://irishwriterscentre.ie/resources/competitions-submissions/|teideal=Competitions and submissions|language=as Béarla|work=[[Áras Scríbhneoirí na hÉireann]]|dátarochtana=2026-05-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260525052452/https://irishwriterscentre.ie/resources/competitions-submissions/|archivedate=2026-05-25}}</ref> == Naisc sheachtracha == * Suíomh oifigiúil: [https://www.sci-fi-ireland.com/ sci-fi-ireland.com] == Féach freisin == * [[:Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta Éireannach]] * ''[[Albedo One]]'' * ''[[FTL]]'' * ''[[Hyphen]]'' * ''[[Slant]]'' * ''[[Extros]]'' == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Rialú údaráis}} {{DEFAULTSORT:SciFi Ireland}} [[Catagóir:Irisí ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha ficsin thuairimigh]] [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Irisí Gaeilge]] [[Catagóir:Irisí liteartha]] [[Catagóir:Irisí liteartha i nGaeilge]] [[Catagóir:Irisí]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin Bhéarla]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Leathbhliantáin]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta Éireannach]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta i nGaeilge]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean tuairimeach Éireannach]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean tuairimeach]] [[Catagóir:Bunaithe sa bhliain 2026]] [[Catagóir:Bunaithe sna 2020í]] {{síol-nuachtán}} sro0egypk81hecak61sd5gdxmdlaoua 1322746 1322742 2026-08-06T00:12:10Z Taghdtaighde 60452 Catagóirí 1322746 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Teideal iodálach}} {{WD Bosca Sonraí Nuachtán |tipus=Iris liteartha |llengua=Béarla ⁊ Gaeilge |adreça=Oifigí ''Sci-Fi Ireland'',<br/>[[Taj Mahal]],<br/>[[Tíotán (gealach)|Tíotán]], 6ú ghealach<br/>de chuid [[Satarn (pláinéad)|Satairn]] |periodicitat=Leathbhliantán |genere=[[Ficsean eolaíochta]] |tema=Gearrscéalta, léirmheasanna, tuairimíocht |editor=Mark Mullan ⁊<br/>Alex Johnston |publicat_a=[[Éire]] |edicions=1+ |distribucio=I gcló ⁊ mar pdf }} Is iris liteartha é '''''[[Sci-Fi Ireland]]''''' a dhíríonn ar an bh[[ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Éire|Éireannach]]. Is é [[Mark Mullan]] Príomheagarthóir na hirise agus is é [[Alex Johnston]] an Céad-Eagarthóir. Deir siad go bhfuil suim faoi leith acu i scéalta a dhéanann féidearthachtaí daonna a thaighdeadh agus a cheistíonn nádúr an duine a bheith ag scaradh ón g[[comhshaol]]. Tá claonadh i bhfabhar an ghrinn iontu agus is ansa leo coincheapanna ná cruinneas eolaíochta. Mar aon leis an bhficsean, bíonn léirmheasanna agus píosaí tuairimíochta ón bhfoireann san iris. Foilsíodh an chéad eagrán i Mí Bealtaine 2026.<ref name=":2">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://octocon.com/2026/05/hangout-with-sci-fi-ireland-sun-17th-may/|teideal=Hangout with Sci-Fi Ireland - Sun 17th May|údar=[[Catherine Sharp]]|dáta=2026-05-08|language=as Béarla|work=[[Octocon]]|dátarochtana=2026-05-10}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.sci-fi-ireland.com/about|teideal=About|language=as Béarla|work=Sci-Fi Ireland|dátarochtana=2026-02-04}}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.sci-fi-ireland.com/issues|teideal=Issues|language=as Béarla|work=Sci-Fi Ireland|dátarochtana=2026-02-04}}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.sci-fi-ireland.com/the-team|teideal=The team|language=as Béarla|work=Sci-Fi Ireland|dátarochtana=2026-02-04}}</ref> == Cur chuige == Cuireann lucht a eagraithe rompu:<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.writing.ie/resources/sci-fi-ireland/|teideal=Submissions Call: Sci-Fi Ireland|dáta=2025-12-09|language=as Béarla|work=[[Writing.ie]]|dátarochtana=2026-02-04}}</ref> * an ficsean eolaíochta nua is fearr dá bhfuil in Éireann a aimsiú agus a fhoilsiú; * aird a dhíriú ar an bhficsean eolaíochta in am a bhfuil fealsúnacht, smaointeoireacht, agus díospóireacht faoin eolaíocht agus faoin teicneolaíocht níos tábhachtaí ná mar a bhíodar riamh; * spás liteartha a chur ar fáil ina mbeidh pobal ficsean eolaíochta na hÉireann in ann nascadh lena chéile agus píosa spraoi a bheith acu Foilsíonn ''Sci-Fi Ireland'' píosaí ó dhaoine a bhfuil ina gcónaí in [[Éire|Éirinn]] nó a rugadh ann. Cuirtear fáilte roimh scéalta i n[[An Ghaeilge|Gaeilge]], ach foilseofar iad taobh le haistriúchán go [[An Béarla|Béarla]]. Iarrtar ar na húdair a gcuid scéalta a chur isteach mar aon le haistriúchán agus beidh sé den riachtanas obair as lámha a chéile leis na heagarthóirí aistriúchán.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /> Tá sé i gceist ag lucht na hirise eagrán a fhoilsiú gach Bealtaine agus gach Samhain. Níl an luach a dhíoltar as an saothar ag brath ar líon na bhfocal.<ref name=":0" /> == Stair na hirise == Cuireadh amach gairm ar iarratais le haghaidh an chéad eagráin i Mí Nollag 2025, le spriocdháta roimh na [[Lá Fhéile Bríde|Féile Bríde]] 2026.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://irishwriterscentre.ie/opportunities-for-writers-december-2025/|teideal=Opportunities for Writers: December 2025|údar=|dáta=2025-12-22|language=as Béarla|work=[[Áras Scríbhneoirí na hÉireann]]|dátarochtana=2026-02-04}}</ref> Seoladh an chéad eagrán den iris ag an bhféile [[:Catagóir:Ficsean tuairimeach|fhicsean thuairimigh]] [[Norncon]] i m[[Béal Feirste]].<ref name=":2" /> Chuir Mark Mullen an iris i láthair agus léigh údair blaisíní as a gcuid saothar, ina measc Sam Thompson, R.B. Kelly agus Tracey Fahey. Bhí slua mór i láthair dar le T.O. Munro, a thug moladh don iris as ealaíon an chlúdaigh, tosach agus cúl.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://fantasy-hive.co.uk/2026/05/norncon-2026-convention-report-2-of-2/|teideal=NORNCON 2026: Convention Report (2 of 2)|údar=[[T. O. Munro]]|dáta=2026-05-22|language=as Béarla|work=[[Fantasy-Hive]]|dátarochtana=2026-05-25}}</ref> San áireamh ann tá scéalta ó na scríbhneoirí [[Sam Thompson]], {{Interlanguage link|RB Kelly|en|RB Kelly}}, an [[Tracey Fahey|Dr Tracey Fahey]], [[Damien Kelly]], [[D.C. Forde]], [[Sarah Murray]], [[Hugo Kelly]], [[S.G. Murphy]], [[Paul van Sickle]] agus [[Cathy de Buitléir]].<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://damienkellyauthor.com/2026/05/07/norncon-and-all-the-things/|teideal=Norncon and all the things!|údar=[[Damien Kelly]]|dáta=2026-05-07|language=as Béarla|work=Damien Kelly|dátarochtana=2026-05-10}}</ref> Fógraíodh go mbeadh an ghairm ar iarratais le haghaidh an dara heagráin ar oscailt ón 8^ú Meitheamh – 26^ú Iúil 2026.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://irishwriterscentre.ie/resources/competitions-submissions/|teideal=Competitions and submissions|language=as Béarla|work=[[Áras Scríbhneoirí na hÉireann]]|dátarochtana=2026-05-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260525052452/https://irishwriterscentre.ie/resources/competitions-submissions/|archivedate=2026-05-25}}</ref> == Naisc sheachtracha == * Suíomh oifigiúil: [https://www.sci-fi-ireland.com/ sci-fi-ireland.com] == Féach freisin == * [[:Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta Éireannach]] * ''[[Albedo One]]'' * ''[[FTL]]'' * ''[[Hyphen]]'' * ''[[Slant]]'' * ''[[Extros]]'' == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Rialú údaráis}} {{DEFAULTSORT:SciFi Ireland}} [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Irisí ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha ficsin thuairimigh]] [[Catagóir:Irisí ficsin thuairimigh]] [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Irisí liteartha]] [[Catagóir:Irisí]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin Bhéarla]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Leathbhliantáin]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta Éireannach]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta i nGaeilge]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean tuairimeach Éireannach]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean tuairimeach]] [[Catagóir:Bunaithe sa bhliain 2026]] [[Catagóir:Bunaithe sna 2020í]] {{síol-nuachtán}} c6c7uypaasgkk0zx3n3lrfufrdce9d0 14 123398 1322741 1319715 2026-08-05T23:56:46Z Taghdtaighde 60452 Curtha i bhfochatagóir 1322741 wikitext text/x-wiki {{DEFAULTSORT:Irisi ficsean eolaiochta}} [[Catagóir:Irisí ficsin thuairimigh|Ficsean eolaiochta]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta|+Irisi]] [[Catagóir:Irisí de réir ábhair|Ficsean eolaiochta]] 9spha8t7i94hnrmva2q3g448fiqwmod 0 126828 1322744 1317985 2026-08-06T00:05:28Z Taghdtaighde 60452 Catagóirí curtha leis 1322744 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Teideal iodálach}} {{WD Bosca Sonraí Nuachtán}} Is [[Irisleabhar|iris]] deonach ficsean eolaíochta [[Éire|Éireannach]] agus [[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|Meiriceánach]] í '''''Journey Planet''''' atá faoi eagarthóireacht [[James Bacon]], {{Interlanguage link|Christopher J. Garcia|en|Christopher J. Garcia}} agus raidhse comheagarthóirí eile. Ainmníodh í ceithre bhabhta déag le haghaidh [[Gradam Hugo don Iris Deonach is Fearr|Ghradam Hugo don Iris Deonach is Fearr]], gradam a bhuaigh sí in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/2015/08/2014-hugo-award-winners-announced/|title=2015 Hugo Award Winners Announced|date=23 August 2015}}</ref> == Cur síos == Thosaigh ''Journey Planet'' mar chuid de chlár Iris-deonach-in-aon-uair-amháin ag Eastercon 2008 i Heathrow.<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://dublin2019.com/irish-fiction-friday-james-bacon-journey-planet/|title=Irish Fiction Friday: James Bacon: Journey Planet|date=21 August 2015}}</ref> Bhí Bacon agus Garcia i gceannas ar an mír agus b'iad a chuir an chéad leagan d'Eagrán 1 amach. Tar éis na comhdhála, tháinig {{Interlanguage link|Claire Brialey|en|Claire Brialey}} ar bord mar eagarthóir, agus choinnigh sí leis go dtí Eagrán 9. Ó shin i leith, bíonn Garcia agus Bacon ag obair i gcomhar le liosta síor-athraitheach comheagarthóirí ar eagráin ar théamaí faoi leith. I measc na n-aoi-eagarthóirí bhí {{Interlanguage link|Michael Carroll|en|Michael Carroll (Irish writer)}}, John Coxon, Vincent Docherty, Sara Felix, Colin Harris, {{Interlanguage link|Esther MacCallum-Stewart|en|Esther MacCallum-Stewart}}, Alissa McKersie, Errick Nunnally, Pádraig Ó Méalóid, {{Interlanguage link|Lynda E. Rucker|en|Lynda E. Rucker}}, Chuck Serface, {{Interlanguage link|Steven H Silver|en|Steven H Silver}}, Erin Underwood, Linda Wenzelburger, Pete Young, {{Interlanguage link|Regina Kanyu Wang|en|Regina Kanyu Wang}}, [[David Ferguson]], agus daoine nach iad. Tá ábhar, idir scríofa agus ealaíonta, tar éis bheith ar an iris ó scríbhneoirí gairmiúla agus ón lucht leanúna, lena n-áirítear {{Interlanguage link|Gail Carriger|en|Gail Carriger}}, {{Interlanguage link|Rian Johnson|en|Rian Johnson}}, {{Interlanguage link|Mary Robinette Kowal|en|Mary Robinette Kowal}}, {{Interlanguage link|Seanan McGuire|en|Seanan McGuire}}, {{Interlanguage link|Maura McHugh|en|Maura McHugh (writer)}}, {{Interlanguage link|Peter Sagal|en|Peter Sagal}}, {{Interlanguage link|Dez Skinn|en|Dez Skinn}}, agus go leor eile. Tá agallaimh foilsithe aice freisin le daoine ar nós {{Interlanguage link|Neil Gaiman|en|Neil Gaiman}}, [[Alan Moore]], {{Interlanguage link|Mel Ramos|en|Mel Ramos}}, agus {{Interlanguage link|John Scalzi|en|John Scalzi}}.<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://downthetubes.net/?p=103362|title=Journey Planet helps revive ground-breaking 1960s comic zine Heroes Unlimited for one last outing|author=John Freeman|date=29 December 2018|publisher=Downthetubes|access-date=2 March 2021}}</ref> Baineann gach eagrán le téama faoi leith, an chuid is mó de na téamaí i réimse an fhicsean eolaíochta, na díograise, nó na greannán. I measc na dtéamaí eile a bhí acu tá pearsantachtaí stairiúla amhail [[Risteard III Shasana]], tráthanna stairiúla amhail an [[An Chéad Chogadh Domhanda|Chéad Chogadh Domhanda]], nó údair ar nós [[Brian Ó Nualláin|Flann O'Brien]].{{Foinse}} Áirítear an iris mar chara le [[mionlaigh gnéis agus inscne]] le fada an lá agus eisíodh sain-eagrán (#85) ar ghreannáin a bhaineann leis na téamaí céanna, faoi chomh-eagarthóireacht [[David Ferguson]].<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://gcn.ie/journey-planet-lgbtq-issue/|teideal=First LGBTQ+ themed Journey Planet fanzine features array of Irish comic creators|údar=[[David Ferguson]]|dáta=2024-10-24|language=as Béarla|work=[[GCN]]|dátarochtana=2026-06-18}}</ref> Tá eagráin dhátheangacha foilsithe ag na heagarthóirí faoi dhó, an chéad cheann i mBéarla agus i [[An Rúisis|Rúisis]], agus an dara ceann i mBéarla agus i [[An tSínis|Sínis]]. Tá 14 ainmniúchán faighte ag ''Journey Planet'' ag Gradaim Hugo le haghaidh Ghradam Hugo don Iris Deonach is Fearr (gach bliain ó 2012 go 2026, ach amháin 2016, agus ghnóthaigh sí an gradam in 2015), bhuaigh sí Gradam Ficsean Eolaíochta Eorpach an Chumann Ficsean Eolaíochta Eorpach faoi dhó,<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.esfs.info/esfs-awards/|title=Next & Recent ESFS Awards – European Science Fiction Society}}</ref> Gradam Alfie, agus Gradam Nova don Iris Deonach is Fearr in 2010.<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://fancyclopedia.org/Journey_Planet|title=Journey Planet - Fancyclopedia 3}}</ref> == Gradaim agus ainmniúcháin == === Gradam Hugo don Iris Deonach is Fearr === {| class="wikitable" !Year !Editors !Result ! class="unsortable" |{{Abr|Ref.|Reference}} |- !2012 |James Bacon and Christopher J Garcia |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | align="center" |<ref name="Hugo12">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2012-hugo-awards/|title=2012 Hugo Awards|date=7 April 2012|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=2012-04-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120408045604/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2012-hugo-awards/|archive-date=2012-04-08}}</ref> |- !2013 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, Emma J. King, Helen J. Montgomery, and Pete Young |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | align="center" |<ref name="Hugo13">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2013-hugo-awards/|title=2013 Hugo Awards|date=22 December 2012|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=2013-04-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906045317/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2013-hugo-awards/|archive-date=2015-09-06}}</ref> |- !2014 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, {{Interlanguage link|Lynda E. Rucker|en|Lynda E. Rucker}}, Pete Young, Colin Harris, and Helen J. Montgomery |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | align="center" |<ref name="Hugo14">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2014-hugo-awards/|title=2014 Hugo Awards|date=18 April 2014|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=2014-04-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906071016/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2014-hugo-awards/|archive-date=2015-09-06}}</ref> |- !2015 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, Colin Harris, Alissa McKersie, and Helen J. Montgomery |style="background:#9EFF9E"|Bua | align="center" |<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/2015/08/2014-hugo-award-winners-announced/|title=2015 Hugo Award Winners Announced|date=23 August 2015}}</ref> |- !2017 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, {{Interlanguage link|Esther MacCallum-Stewart|en|Esther MacCallum-Stewart}}, Helena Nash, Errick Nunnally, Pádraig Ó Méalóid, Chuck Serface, and Erin Underwood |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | align="center" |<ref name="Hugo17">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2017-hugo-awards/|title=2017 Hugo Awards|date=31 December 2016|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=2017-08-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810072558/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2017-hugo-awards/|archive-date=2017-08-10}}</ref> |- !2018 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, {{Interlanguage link|Michael Carroll|en|Michael Carroll (Irish writer)}}, Vince Docherty, Jackie Kamlot, Mark Meenan, Helen Montgomery, Pádraig Ó Méalóid, Chuck Serface, and [[Steven H Silver]] (as ''Team Journey Planet'') |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | align="center" |<ref name="Hugo18">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2018-hugo-awards/|title=2018 Hugo Awards|date=2018-03-15|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=2018-04-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180402094920/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2018-hugo-awards/|archive-date=2018-04-02}}</ref> |- !2019 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, {{Interlanguage link|Michael Carroll|en|Michael Carroll (Irish writer)}}, John Coxon, Sarah Gulde, Professor Anthony Roche, Merlin Roche, and Chuck Serface (as ''Team Journey Planet'') |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | align="center" |<ref name="Hugo19">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2019-hugo-awards/|title=2019 Hugo Awards|date=2019-09-18|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=2019-04-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190729150726/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2019-hugo-awards/|archive-date=2019-07-29}}</ref> |- !2020 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, John Coxon, Ann Gry, Alissa McKersie, Chuck Serface, and {{Interlanguage link|Steven H Silver|en|Steven H Silver}} |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | align="center" |<ref name="Hugo20">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2020-hugo-awards/|title=2020 Hugo Awards|date=2020-04-07|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=2020-04-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119170105/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2020-hugo-awards/|archive-date=2021-11-19}}</ref> |- !2021 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, {{Interlanguage link|Michael Carroll|en|Michael Carroll (Irish writer)}}, John Coxon, Sara Felix, Ann Gry, Sarah Gulde, Alissa McKersie, Errick Nunnally, Pádraig Ó Méalóid, Chuck Serface, {{Interlanguage link|Steven H Silver|en|Steven H Silver}}, Paul Trimble, and Erin Underwood. |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | align="center" |<ref name="Hugo21">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2021-hugo-awards/|title=2021 Hugo Awards|date=2021-12-18|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=2022-01-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103115504/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2021-hugo-awards/|archive-date=2022-01-03}}</ref> |- !2022 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, Erin Underwood, Jean Martin, Sara Felix, Vanessa Applegate, Chuck Serface, Errick Nunnally, Evan Reeves, and {{Interlanguage link|Steven H Silver|en|Steven H Silver}} |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | align="center" |<ref name="Hugo22">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2022-hugo-awards/|title=2022 Hugo Awards|date=2022-09-04|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=2022-09-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220905072855/https://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2022-hugo-awards/|archive-date=2022-09-05}}</ref> |- !2023 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, John Coxon, Sara Felix, Arthur Liu, Jean Martin, Pádraig Ó Méalóid, Yen Ooi, Olav Rokne, Chuck Serface, {{Interlanguage link|Steven H Silver|en|Steven H Silver}}, Erin Underwood, Amanda Wakaruk, Alissa Wales, and {{Interlanguage link|Regina Kanyu Wang|en|Regina Kanyu Wang}} |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | align="center" |<ref name="Hugo23">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2023-hugo-awards/|title=2023 Hugo Awards|date=2023-07-06|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=2023-07-06}}</ref> |- !2024 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, {{Interlanguage link|Michael Carroll|en|Michael Carroll (Irish writer)}}, Vincent Docherty, Sara Felix, Ann Gry, Sarah Gulde, Allison Hartman Adams, Arthur Liu, Jean Martin, Helena Nash, Pádraig Ó Méalóid, Yen Ooi, Chuck Serface, Alan Stewart, {{Interlanguage link|Regina Kanyu Wang|en|Regina Kanyu Wang}} |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | |- !2025 |Allison Hartman Adams, Sara Felix, David Ferguson, Ann Gry, Sarah Gulde, Jean Martin, Olav Rokne, Chuck Serface, Steven H Silver, Amanda Wakaruk, Paul Weimer, Christopher J. Garcia, and James Bacon. |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | |- !2026 |Allison Hartman Adams, Jean Martin, Steven H Silver, Christopher J. Garcia, James Bacon |style="background:#FFD;"| Ar feithimh |<ref name="Hugo26">{{Cite web-en|url=https://locusmag.com/2026/04/2026-hugo-lodestar-astounding-awards-finalists/|title=2026 Hugo, Lodestar & Astounding Awards Finalists|date=2026-04-21|publisher=[[Locus (magazine)|Locus]]|access-date=2026-04-22}}</ref> |} == Féach freisin == * ''[[Sci-Fi Ireland]]'' * ''[[Albedo One]]'' * [[Iomall (leabhar)|''Iomall'']] (leabhar) == Nascanna amach == * Suíomh gréasáin: [https://Journeyplanet.weebly.com journeyplanet.weebly.com] * Liosta eagrán: [https://Efanzines.com/JourneyPlanet/index.htm efanzines.com/JourneyPlanet/index.htm] == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Irisí ficsean eolaíochta nach Meiriceánach ná Sasanach}} [[Catagóir:Irisí ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha ficsin thuairimigh]] [[Catagóir:Irisí ficsin thuairimigh]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin Mheiriceánacha]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin Bhéarla]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin neamhrialta]] [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Irisí liteartha]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta Éireannach]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean tuairimeach Éireannach]] [[Catagóir:Gearrscéalta]] [[Catagóir:Bunaithe sa bhliain 2008]] [[Catagóir:Bunaithe sna 2000í]] ixahmbs45lxh86jytpwqbdyw0ykj23b 1322750 1322744 2026-08-06T00:27:35Z Taghdtaighde 60452 Catagóir curtha leis 1322750 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Teideal iodálach}} {{WD Bosca Sonraí Nuachtán}} Is [[Irisleabhar|iris]] deonach ficsean eolaíochta [[Éire|Éireannach]] agus [[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|Meiriceánach]] í '''''Journey Planet''''' atá faoi eagarthóireacht [[James Bacon]], {{Interlanguage link|Christopher J. Garcia|en|Christopher J. Garcia}} agus raidhse comheagarthóirí eile. Ainmníodh í ceithre bhabhta déag le haghaidh [[Gradam Hugo don Iris Deonach is Fearr|Ghradam Hugo don Iris Deonach is Fearr]], gradam a bhuaigh sí in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/2015/08/2014-hugo-award-winners-announced/|title=2015 Hugo Award Winners Announced|date=23 August 2015}}</ref> == Cur síos == Thosaigh ''Journey Planet'' mar chuid de chlár Iris-deonach-in-aon-uair-amháin ag Eastercon 2008 i Heathrow.<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://dublin2019.com/irish-fiction-friday-james-bacon-journey-planet/|title=Irish Fiction Friday: James Bacon: Journey Planet|date=21 August 2015}}</ref> Bhí Bacon agus Garcia i gceannas ar an mír agus b'iad a chuir an chéad leagan d'Eagrán 1 amach. Tar éis na comhdhála, tháinig {{Interlanguage link|Claire Brialey|en|Claire Brialey}} ar bord mar eagarthóir, agus choinnigh sí leis go dtí Eagrán 9. Ó shin i leith, bíonn Garcia agus Bacon ag obair i gcomhar le liosta síor-athraitheach comheagarthóirí ar eagráin ar théamaí faoi leith. I measc na n-aoi-eagarthóirí bhí {{Interlanguage link|Michael Carroll|en|Michael Carroll (Irish writer)}}, John Coxon, Vincent Docherty, Sara Felix, Colin Harris, {{Interlanguage link|Esther MacCallum-Stewart|en|Esther MacCallum-Stewart}}, Alissa McKersie, Errick Nunnally, Pádraig Ó Méalóid, {{Interlanguage link|Lynda E. Rucker|en|Lynda E. Rucker}}, Chuck Serface, {{Interlanguage link|Steven H Silver|en|Steven H Silver}}, Erin Underwood, Linda Wenzelburger, Pete Young, {{Interlanguage link|Regina Kanyu Wang|en|Regina Kanyu Wang}}, [[David Ferguson]], agus daoine nach iad. Tá ábhar, idir scríofa agus ealaíonta, tar éis bheith ar an iris ó scríbhneoirí gairmiúla agus ón lucht leanúna, lena n-áirítear {{Interlanguage link|Gail Carriger|en|Gail Carriger}}, {{Interlanguage link|Rian Johnson|en|Rian Johnson}}, {{Interlanguage link|Mary Robinette Kowal|en|Mary Robinette Kowal}}, {{Interlanguage link|Seanan McGuire|en|Seanan McGuire}}, {{Interlanguage link|Maura McHugh|en|Maura McHugh (writer)}}, {{Interlanguage link|Peter Sagal|en|Peter Sagal}}, {{Interlanguage link|Dez Skinn|en|Dez Skinn}}, agus go leor eile. Tá agallaimh foilsithe aice freisin le daoine ar nós {{Interlanguage link|Neil Gaiman|en|Neil Gaiman}}, [[Alan Moore]], {{Interlanguage link|Mel Ramos|en|Mel Ramos}}, agus {{Interlanguage link|John Scalzi|en|John Scalzi}}.<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://downthetubes.net/?p=103362|title=Journey Planet helps revive ground-breaking 1960s comic zine Heroes Unlimited for one last outing|author=John Freeman|date=29 December 2018|publisher=Downthetubes|access-date=2 March 2021}}</ref> Baineann gach eagrán le téama faoi leith, an chuid is mó de na téamaí i réimse an fhicsean eolaíochta, na díograise, nó na greannán. I measc na dtéamaí eile a bhí acu tá pearsantachtaí stairiúla amhail [[Risteard III Shasana]], tráthanna stairiúla amhail an [[An Chéad Chogadh Domhanda|Chéad Chogadh Domhanda]], nó údair ar nós [[Brian Ó Nualláin|Flann O'Brien]].{{Foinse}} Áirítear an iris mar chara le [[mionlaigh gnéis agus inscne]] le fada an lá agus eisíodh sain-eagrán (#85) ar ghreannáin a bhaineann leis na téamaí céanna, faoi chomh-eagarthóireacht [[David Ferguson]].<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://gcn.ie/journey-planet-lgbtq-issue/|teideal=First LGBTQ+ themed Journey Planet fanzine features array of Irish comic creators|údar=[[David Ferguson]]|dáta=2024-10-24|language=as Béarla|work=[[GCN]]|dátarochtana=2026-06-18}}</ref> Tá eagráin dhátheangacha foilsithe ag na heagarthóirí faoi dhó, an chéad cheann i mBéarla agus i [[An Rúisis|Rúisis]], agus an dara ceann i mBéarla agus i [[An tSínis|Sínis]]. Tá 14 ainmniúchán faighte ag ''Journey Planet'' ag Gradaim Hugo le haghaidh Ghradam Hugo don Iris Deonach is Fearr (gach bliain ó 2012 go 2026, ach amháin 2016, agus ghnóthaigh sí an gradam in 2015), bhuaigh sí Gradam Ficsean Eolaíochta Eorpach an Chumann Ficsean Eolaíochta Eorpach faoi dhó,<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.esfs.info/esfs-awards/|title=Next & Recent ESFS Awards – European Science Fiction Society}}</ref> Gradam Alfie, agus Gradam Nova don Iris Deonach is Fearr in 2010.<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://fancyclopedia.org/Journey_Planet|title=Journey Planet - Fancyclopedia 3}}</ref> == Gradaim agus ainmniúcháin == === Gradam Hugo don Iris Deonach is Fearr === {| class="wikitable" !Year !Editors !Result ! class="unsortable" |{{Abr|Ref.|Reference}} |- !2012 |James Bacon and Christopher J Garcia |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | align="center" |<ref name="Hugo12">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2012-hugo-awards/|title=2012 Hugo Awards|date=7 April 2012|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=2012-04-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120408045604/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2012-hugo-awards/|archive-date=2012-04-08}}</ref> |- !2013 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, Emma J. King, Helen J. Montgomery, and Pete Young |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | align="center" |<ref name="Hugo13">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2013-hugo-awards/|title=2013 Hugo Awards|date=22 December 2012|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=2013-04-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906045317/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2013-hugo-awards/|archive-date=2015-09-06}}</ref> |- !2014 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, {{Interlanguage link|Lynda E. Rucker|en|Lynda E. Rucker}}, Pete Young, Colin Harris, and Helen J. Montgomery |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | align="center" |<ref name="Hugo14">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2014-hugo-awards/|title=2014 Hugo Awards|date=18 April 2014|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=2014-04-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906071016/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2014-hugo-awards/|archive-date=2015-09-06}}</ref> |- !2015 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, Colin Harris, Alissa McKersie, and Helen J. Montgomery |style="background:#9EFF9E"|Bua | align="center" |<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/2015/08/2014-hugo-award-winners-announced/|title=2015 Hugo Award Winners Announced|date=23 August 2015}}</ref> |- !2017 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, {{Interlanguage link|Esther MacCallum-Stewart|en|Esther MacCallum-Stewart}}, Helena Nash, Errick Nunnally, Pádraig Ó Méalóid, Chuck Serface, and Erin Underwood |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | align="center" |<ref name="Hugo17">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2017-hugo-awards/|title=2017 Hugo Awards|date=31 December 2016|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=2017-08-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810072558/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2017-hugo-awards/|archive-date=2017-08-10}}</ref> |- !2018 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, {{Interlanguage link|Michael Carroll|en|Michael Carroll (Irish writer)}}, Vince Docherty, Jackie Kamlot, Mark Meenan, Helen Montgomery, Pádraig Ó Méalóid, Chuck Serface, and [[Steven H Silver]] (as ''Team Journey Planet'') |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | align="center" |<ref name="Hugo18">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2018-hugo-awards/|title=2018 Hugo Awards|date=2018-03-15|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=2018-04-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180402094920/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2018-hugo-awards/|archive-date=2018-04-02}}</ref> |- !2019 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, {{Interlanguage link|Michael Carroll|en|Michael Carroll (Irish writer)}}, John Coxon, Sarah Gulde, Professor Anthony Roche, Merlin Roche, and Chuck Serface (as ''Team Journey Planet'') |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | align="center" |<ref name="Hugo19">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2019-hugo-awards/|title=2019 Hugo Awards|date=2019-09-18|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=2019-04-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190729150726/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2019-hugo-awards/|archive-date=2019-07-29}}</ref> |- !2020 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, John Coxon, Ann Gry, Alissa McKersie, Chuck Serface, and {{Interlanguage link|Steven H Silver|en|Steven H Silver}} |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | align="center" |<ref name="Hugo20">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2020-hugo-awards/|title=2020 Hugo Awards|date=2020-04-07|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=2020-04-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119170105/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2020-hugo-awards/|archive-date=2021-11-19}}</ref> |- !2021 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, {{Interlanguage link|Michael Carroll|en|Michael Carroll (Irish writer)}}, John Coxon, Sara Felix, Ann Gry, Sarah Gulde, Alissa McKersie, Errick Nunnally, Pádraig Ó Méalóid, Chuck Serface, {{Interlanguage link|Steven H Silver|en|Steven H Silver}}, Paul Trimble, and Erin Underwood. |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | align="center" |<ref name="Hugo21">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2021-hugo-awards/|title=2021 Hugo Awards|date=2021-12-18|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=2022-01-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103115504/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2021-hugo-awards/|archive-date=2022-01-03}}</ref> |- !2022 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, Erin Underwood, Jean Martin, Sara Felix, Vanessa Applegate, Chuck Serface, Errick Nunnally, Evan Reeves, and {{Interlanguage link|Steven H Silver|en|Steven H Silver}} |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | align="center" |<ref name="Hugo22">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2022-hugo-awards/|title=2022 Hugo Awards|date=2022-09-04|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=2022-09-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220905072855/https://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2022-hugo-awards/|archive-date=2022-09-05}}</ref> |- !2023 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, John Coxon, Sara Felix, Arthur Liu, Jean Martin, Pádraig Ó Méalóid, Yen Ooi, Olav Rokne, Chuck Serface, {{Interlanguage link|Steven H Silver|en|Steven H Silver}}, Erin Underwood, Amanda Wakaruk, Alissa Wales, and {{Interlanguage link|Regina Kanyu Wang|en|Regina Kanyu Wang}} |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | align="center" |<ref name="Hugo23">{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2023-hugo-awards/|title=2023 Hugo Awards|date=2023-07-06|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|access-date=2023-07-06}}</ref> |- !2024 |James Bacon, Christopher J Garcia, {{Interlanguage link|Michael Carroll|en|Michael Carroll (Irish writer)}}, Vincent Docherty, Sara Felix, Ann Gry, Sarah Gulde, Allison Hartman Adams, Arthur Liu, Jean Martin, Helena Nash, Pádraig Ó Méalóid, Yen Ooi, Chuck Serface, Alan Stewart, {{Interlanguage link|Regina Kanyu Wang|en|Regina Kanyu Wang}} |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | |- !2025 |Allison Hartman Adams, Sara Felix, David Ferguson, Ann Gry, Sarah Gulde, Jean Martin, Olav Rokne, Chuck Serface, Steven H Silver, Amanda Wakaruk, Paul Weimer, Christopher J. Garcia, and James Bacon. |style="background:#FFD;"|Ainmniúchán | |- !2026 |Allison Hartman Adams, Jean Martin, Steven H Silver, Christopher J. Garcia, James Bacon |style="background:#FFD;"| Ar feithimh |<ref name="Hugo26">{{Cite web-en|url=https://locusmag.com/2026/04/2026-hugo-lodestar-astounding-awards-finalists/|title=2026 Hugo, Lodestar & Astounding Awards Finalists|date=2026-04-21|publisher=[[Locus (magazine)|Locus]]|access-date=2026-04-22}}</ref> |} == Féach freisin == * ''[[Sci-Fi Ireland]]'' * ''[[Albedo One]]'' * [[Iomall (leabhar)|''Iomall'']] (leabhar) == Nascanna amach == * Suíomh gréasáin: [https://Journeyplanet.weebly.com journeyplanet.weebly.com] * Liosta eagrán: [https://Efanzines.com/JourneyPlanet/index.htm efanzines.com/JourneyPlanet/index.htm] == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Irisí ficsean eolaíochta nach Meiriceánach ná Sasanach}} [[Catagóir:Irisí ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha ficsin thuairimigh]] [[Catagóir:Irisí ficsin thuairimigh]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin Mheiriceánacha]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin Bhéarla]] [[Catagóir:Tréimhseacháin neamhrialta]] [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Irisí liteartha]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta Éireannach]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean tuairimeach Éireannach]] [[Catagóir:Gearrscéalta]] [[Catagóir:Bunaithe sa bhliain 2008]] [[Catagóir:Bunaithe sna 2000í]] 5cvviirxh6rmwyrf9asiu5ry2o2l104 0 127197 1322772 1321813 2026-08-06T07:46:40Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322772 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[cruidín]] é an '''cruidín ceiriúlach''' ('''''[[Alcedo]] coerulescens''''') san fhofhine [[Alcedininae]] ata de bhunadh áiteanna áirithe san [[An Indinéis|Indinéis]].<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Alcedo coerulescens: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2024: e.T22683117A263710268|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22683117/263710268|date=2024-06-12|doi=10.2305/iucn.uk.2024-2.rlts.t22683117a263710268.en|language=en|author=IUCN}}</ref> Le himprisean atá niamhghorm den chuid is mó, tá se an-chosúil leis an [[Murlach mara|mhurlach mara]], ach tá a chodanna íochtair bán seachas oráiste. Bíonn na fireannaigh níos goirme ná na baineannaigh a mbíonn níos glaise de ghnáth. Baistear an '''cruidín gorm beag''' air in amanna ach san Indinéis agus in roinnt codanna den Áise, baineann an t-ainm sin le ''Alcedo atthis'' ([[murlach mara]]).<ref name="ali-ripley">{{Cite book-en|author=[[Salim Ali (éaneolaí)|Ali, S.]]; [[Sydney Dillon Ripley|Ripley, S.D.]]|title=Bird Number 722-724|edition=2|volume=4|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|location=[[Deilí Nua]]|pages=72–78|date=2001|journal=Handbook of the Birds of India and Pakistan}}</ref> == Tacsonamaíocht == Rinne an t-éaneolaí Franacach [[Louis Pierre Vieillot]] an chéad [[Cur síos speiceas|chur síos fhoirmiúil]] ar an chruidín cheiriúlach sa bhliain 1818. Chum sé an [[Ainmníocht dhéthéarmach|t-ainm déthéarmach]] ''Alcedo coerulescens''.<ref>{{Cite book-en|author=[[Louis Pierre Vieillot|Vieillot, L.P.]]|title=Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle, appliquée aux arts, à l'agriculture, à l'économie rurale et domestique, à la médecine, etc.|volume=19|location=[[Paras]]|publisher=Deterville|doi=10.5962/bhl.title.20211|language=French|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/18042135|date=1818}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book-en|title=Check-list of Birds of the World|volume=5|publisher=Harvard University Press|location=Cambridge, Massachusetts|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14480186|author=[[James Lee Peters|Peters, J.L., eag.]]|date=1945|pages=175}}</ref> Tagann an buafhocal ''coerulescens'' ón Laidin ''caerulescens'' a chiallaíonn "goirme".<ref>{{Cite book-en|author=Jobling, J.A.|title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names|url=https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling|publisher=Christopher Helm|location=[[Londain]]|isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4|date=2010|pages=113}}</ref> Tá an speiceas seo [[monatíopach]].<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/rollers/|teideal=Rollers, ground rollers & kingfishers|údar=World Bird List Version 7.2|dáta=2017|editor=[[Frank Gill|Gill, F.]]; Donsker, D. eag.|foilsitheoir=International Ornithologists' Union|dátarochtana=28 Bealtaine 2017}}</ref> == Cur síos == Is cruidín beag le fad de 13 cm (5.1 or) é an cruidín ceiriúlach. Tá imreacha áille goirme le [[lóir]] bhána ar a chodanna uachtair le paiste bán feiceálach ar an dá thaobh den mhuineál. Tá a chodanna íochtair bán le banda uchta gormghlas air. Tá gob dubh agus cosa dubhdhonna air. Is murtallaí agus glaise atá clúmh an bhaineannaigh agus tá banda uchta níos cúinge aici.<ref name=":0">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters & Rollers: a handbook|publisher=Christopher Helm [u.a.]. ISBN 978-0-7136-8028-7|date=1992|location=Londain|author=Fry, C. H.; Fry, K.; Harris, A.|pages=210-211}}</ref> == Dáileadh agus gnáthóg == Is de bhunadh [[Sumatra]], [[Iáva]], na [[Na hOileáin Kangean|hOileáin Kangean]], [[Bailí]], [[Lombok]] agus [[Sumbawa]] an cruidín ceiriúlach, ná háiteanna seo ar fad lonnaithe san Indinéis. Is speiceas cónaithe é a chuireann faoi in áiteanna ísle i ngar do shruthanna, canálacha, goirt ríse faoi uisce agus inbhir thaoide.<ref name=":0" /> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas is lú imní de chuid an AICD]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1818]] [[Catagóir:Alcedo]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] 2670ikprfpgmwjhqyf8635xkje961m5 1322777 1322772 2026-08-06T08:21:56Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322777 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[cruidín]] é an '''cruidín ceiriúlach''' ('''''[[Alcedo]] coerulescens''''') san fhofhine [[Alcedininae]] ata de bhunadh áiteanna áirithe san [[An Indinéis|Indinéis]].<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Alcedo coerulescens: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2024: e.T22683117A263710268|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22683117/263710268|date=2024-06-12|doi=10.2305/iucn.uk.2024-2.rlts.t22683117a263710268.en|language=en|author=IUCN}}</ref> Le himprisean atá niamhghorm den chuid is mó, tá se an-chosúil leis an [[Murlach mara|mhurlach mara]], ach tá a chodanna íochtair bán seachas oráiste. Bíonn na fireannaigh níos goirme ná na baineannaigh a mbíonn níos glaise de ghnáth. Baistear an '''cruidín gorm beag''' air in amanna ach san Indinéis agus in roinnt codanna den Áise, baineann an t-ainm sin le ''Alcedo atthis'' ([[murlach mara]]).<ref name="ali-ripley">{{Cite book-en|author=[[Salim Ali (éaneolaí)|Ali, S.]]; [[Sydney Dillon Ripley|Ripley, S.D.]]|title=Bird Number 722-724|edition=2|volume=4|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|location=[[Deilí Nua]]|pages=72–78|date=2001|journal=Handbook of the Birds of India and Pakistan}}</ref> == Tacsonamaíocht == Rinne an t-éaneolaí Franacach [[Louis Pierre Vieillot]] an chéad [[Cur síos speiceas|chur síos fhoirmiúil]] ar an chruidín cheiriúlach sa bhliain 1818. Chum sé an [[Ainmníocht dhéthéarmach|t-ainm déthéarmach]] ''Alcedo coerulescens''.<ref>{{Cite book-en|author=[[Louis Pierre Vieillot|Vieillot, L.P.]]|title=Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle, appliquée aux arts, à l'agriculture, à l'économie rurale et domestique, à la médecine, etc.|volume=19|location=[[Paras]]|publisher=Deterville|doi=10.5962/bhl.title.20211|language=French|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/18042135|date=1818}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book-en|title=Check-list of Birds of the World|volume=5|publisher=Harvard University Press|location=Cambridge, Massachusetts|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14480186|author=[[James Lee Peters|Peters, J.L., eag.]]|date=1945|pages=175}}</ref> Tagann an buafhocal ''coerulescens'' ón Laidin ''caerulescens'' a chiallaíonn "goirme".<ref>{{Cite book-en|author=Jobling, J.A.|title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names|url=https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling|publisher=Christopher Helm|location=[[Londain]]|isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4|date=2010|pages=113}}</ref> Tá an speiceas seo [[monatíopach]].<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/rollers/|teideal=Rollers, ground rollers & kingfishers|údar=World Bird List Version 7.2|dáta=2017|editor=[[Frank Gill|Gill, F.]]; Donsker, D. eag.|foilsitheoir=International Ornithologists' Union|dátarochtana=28 Bealtaine 2017}}</ref> == Cur síos == Is cruidín beag le fad de 13 cm (5.1 or) é an cruidín ceiriúlach. Tá imreacha áille goirme le [[lóir]] bhána ar a chodanna uachtair le paiste bán feiceálach ar an dá thaobh den mhuineál. Tá a chodanna íochtair bán le banda uchta gormghlas air. Tá gob dubh agus cosa dubhdhonna air. Is murtallaí agus glaise atá clúmh an bhaineannaigh agus tá banda uchta níos cúinge aici.<ref name=":0">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters & Rollers: a handbook|publisher=Christopher Helm [u.a.]. ISBN 978-0-7136-8028-7|date=1992|location=Londain|author=Fry, C. H.; Fry, K.; Harris, A.|pages=210-211}}</ref> == Dáileadh agus gnáthóg == Is de bhunadh [[Sumatra]], [[Iáva]], na [[Na hOileáin Kangean|hOileáin Kangean]], [[Bailí]], [[Lombok]] agus [[Sumbawa]] an cruidín ceiriúlach, ná háiteanna seo ar fad lonnaithe san Indinéis. Is speiceas cónaithe é a chuireann faoi in áiteanna ísle i ngar do shruthanna, canálacha, goirt ríse faoi uisce agus inbhir thaoide.<ref name=":0" /> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Alcedo]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1818]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na hIndinéise]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas is lú imní de chuid an AICD]] drt64fql7bju775qbff4twjz6itfk3s 0 127201 1322779 1322097 2026-08-06T08:22:33Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322779 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is é '''Cruidín Earcail''' ('''''Alcedo hercules''''') an cruidín is mó sa ghéineas ''[[Alcedo]]''. Bíonn an cruidín seo idir 22 agus 23 cm ar fad; bíonn dath ruadhonn ar a chuid íochtarach agus paiste gorm-dhubh ar a bhrollach, agus bíonn dath gorm cóbaltach nó spéirghorm geal ar a chuid uachtarach, le leid chorcra air. Tá dath dúghlas dorchah ar na sciatháin, le spotaí gorma agus rinn ar chuid de na cleití. Tá gob an fhireannaigh go hiomlán dubh, ach tá mandabal íochtarach dorcha dearg ar an mbaineannach. Déantar idirdhealú idir an speiceas seo agus ''Alcedo meninting'' agus [[Murlach mara|''Alcedo atthis'']] trína mhéid níos mó, a ghoib dhorcha dhuibh, agus a chuid lór dorcha. ==Tagairtí== [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Alcedo]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu i 1917]] [[Catagóir:Éin Hainan]] [[Catagóir:Éin Oirthuaisceart na hIndia]] [[Catagóir:Éin Oirdheisceart na hÁise]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas beagnach faoi bhagairt de chuid an AICD]] 9psnh0xlhtwlo12bdlh2oybflqiunzz 1322806 1322779 2026-08-06T08:58:23Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322806 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is é '''Cruidín Earcail''' ('''''Alcedo hercules''''') an cruidín is mó sa ghéineas ''[[Alcedo]]''. Bíonn an cruidín seo idir 22 agus 23 cm ar fad; bíonn dath ruadhonn ar a chuid íochtarach agus paiste gorm-dhubh ar a bhrollach, agus bíonn dath gorm cóbaltach nó spéirghorm geal ar a chuid uachtarach, le leid chorcra air. Tá dath dúghlas dorchah ar na sciatháin, le spotaí gorma agus rinn ar chuid de na cleití. Tá gob an fhireannaigh go hiomlán dubh, ach tá mandabal íochtarach dorcha dearg ar an mbaineannach. Déantar idirdhealú idir an speiceas seo agus ''Alcedo meninting'' agus [[Murlach mara|''Alcedo atthis'']] trína mhéid níos mó, a ghoib dhorcha dhuibh, agus a chuid lór dorcha. ==Tagairtí== [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Alcedo]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1917]] [[Catagóir:Éin Hainan]] [[Catagóir:Éin Oirthuaisceart na hIndia]] [[Catagóir:Éin Oirdheisceart na hÁise]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas beagnach faoi bhagairt de chuid an AICD]] 4xa7dk5duzz9190mbw3wwdv57vz0oa7 0 127236 1322778 1322175 2026-08-06T08:22:19Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322778 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Teideal iodálach}} {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[speiceas]] [[Aves|éin]] den [[Fine (bitheolaíocht)|fhine]] [[Cruidín|Alcedinidae]] é an '''cruidín''' deargdhonn (''Ceyx erithaca''). == Dáileadh == Tá cónaí air san India agus in Oirdheisceart na hÁise. Tá sé an-choitianta in Iardheisceart na hIndia, go háirithe ar chósta Konkan, ach ní bhíonn sé coitianta sa Téalainn agus i gceantair sléibhtiúla. == Cur síos == Tá an t-éan seo 13-14cm ar fhad agus tá mais idir 14g agus 20g aige. [[Íomhá:Rufous-backed_Kingfisher_(Ceyx_erithaca)_(8416824325).jpg|clé|mion| Cruidín deargdhonn (Páirc Náisiúnta Gunung Mulu, An Mhalaeisia)]] [[Íomhá:Oriental_dwarf_kingfisher_28.jpg|mion|Cruidín deargdhonn i bPáirc Náisiúnta Kaeng Krachan, an Téalainn. Bealtaine 2022.]] == Gnáthóg == Maireann an cruidín deargdhonn i bhforaoisí trópaiceacha ísealchríche, agus uaireanta i bhforaoisí cnocacha. Fanann sé i bhforaoisí síorghlasa nó neamhshíorghlasa, sean agus athfhástha araon. Maireann sé in aice le srutháin agus le locháin. Suíonn sé ar gheaganna ísle, thart ar 1 go 2 mhéadar os cionn an uisce. == Cothú == Itheann an cruidín deargdhonn feithidí ''agus éisc''. Tagann a aiste bia ó thimpeallachtaí talún agus uisceacha araon. Itheann sé [[Maintis|maintisí]], [[criogar]], [[Diptera|cuileoga]] agus [[Damhán alla|damháin alla]], ach freisin ciaróga uisceacha, [[Portán|portáin]] bheaga, [[Frog|froganna]] agus [[Iasc|éisc]] bheaga freisin. == Atáirgeadh == Tarlaíonn an séasúr cúplála i mí an Mheithimh le linn shéasúr an mhonsúin. Déanann an lánúin tollán a thochailt le chéile atá thart ar 1 mhéadar ar fhad i mbruach bog nó i bhfána bóthair. Is giorra a fhad nuair a dhruileáiltear é i ndumha teirmíte nó idir fréamhacha crainn atá tiontaithe bunoscionn. Téann an gailearaí chuig seomra '''breithe''' 13-15cm ar trastomhas agus 5-7cm ar airde, áit a leagann an an cruidín seo 3 go 7 n-ubh.<ref>{{Cite book-en|language=|author=Jiri Felix|title=Faune d'Asie|location=|edition=Gründ|date=1982|pages=302|isbn=2-7000-1512-6|url=}}</ref> == Nótaí agus tagairtí == <references /> [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] [[Catagóir:Ceyx]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu i 1758]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na hÁise]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas beagnach faoi bhagairt de chuid an AICD]] 0oshnmw12e79kwthotvmcz18wzyqcrv 1322803 1322778 2026-08-06T08:51:43Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322803 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Teideal iodálach}} {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[speiceas]] [[Aves|éin]] den [[Fine (bitheolaíocht)|fhine]] [[Cruidín|Alcedinidae]] é an '''cruidín''' deargdhonn (''Ceyx erithaca''). == Dáileadh == Tá cónaí air san India agus in Oirdheisceart na hÁise. Tá sé an-choitianta in Iardheisceart na hIndia, go háirithe ar chósta Konkan, ach ní bhíonn sé coitianta sa Téalainn agus i gceantair sléibhtiúla. == Cur síos == Tá an t-éan seo 13-14cm ar fhad agus tá mais idir 14g agus 20g aige. [[Íomhá:Rufous-backed_Kingfisher_(Ceyx_erithaca)_(8416824325).jpg|clé|mion| Cruidín deargdhonn (Páirc Náisiúnta Gunung Mulu, An Mhalaeisia)]] [[Íomhá:Oriental_dwarf_kingfisher_28.jpg|mion|Cruidín deargdhonn i bPáirc Náisiúnta Kaeng Krachan, an Téalainn. Bealtaine 2022.]] == Gnáthóg == Maireann an cruidín deargdhonn i bhforaoisí trópaiceacha ísealchríche, agus uaireanta i bhforaoisí cnocacha. Fanann sé i bhforaoisí síorghlasa nó neamhshíorghlasa, sean agus athfhástha araon. Maireann sé in aice le srutháin agus le locháin. Suíonn sé ar gheaganna ísle, thart ar 1 go 2 mhéadar os cionn an uisce. == Cothú == Itheann an cruidín deargdhonn feithidí ''agus éisc''. Tagann a aiste bia ó thimpeallachtaí talún agus uisceacha araon. Itheann sé [[Maintis|maintisí]], [[criogar]], [[Diptera|cuileoga]] agus [[Damhán alla|damháin alla]], ach freisin ciaróga uisceacha, [[Portán|portáin]] bheaga, [[Frog|froganna]] agus [[Iasc|éisc]] bheaga freisin. == Atáirgeadh == Tarlaíonn an séasúr cúplála i mí an Mheithimh le linn shéasúr an mhonsúin. Déanann an lánúin tollán a thochailt le chéile atá thart ar 1 mhéadar ar fhad i mbruach bog nó i bhfána bóthair. Is giorra a fhad nuair a dhruileáiltear é i ndumha teirmíte nó idir fréamhacha crainn atá tiontaithe bunoscionn. Téann an gailearaí chuig seomra '''breithe''' 13-15cm ar trastomhas agus 5-7cm ar airde, áit a leagann an an cruidín seo 3 go 7 n-ubh.<ref>{{Cite book-en|language=|author=Jiri Felix|title=Faune d'Asie|location=|edition=Gründ|date=1982|pages=302|isbn=2-7000-1512-6|url=}}</ref> == Nótaí agus tagairtí == <references /> [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] [[Catagóir:Ceyx]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na hÁise]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas beagnach faoi bhagairt de chuid an AICD]] h03eekg52s6ynfhbzqmj4swke1dor2e 0 127255 1322738 1322389 2026-08-05T23:54:33Z Taghdtaighde 60452 1322738 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Teideal iodálach}} {{WD Bosca Sonraí Leabhar |nom=Faclair Gàidhlig na Fantasachd }} Tá '''''[[Faclair Gàidhlig na Fantasachd]]''''' ina stórchiste [[Téarmaíocht|téarmaíochta]] agus nathanna a bhaineann le [[draíocht]], airm, cluichí agus ábhair nach iad, arna thiomsú ag [[Fañch Bihan-Gallic]]. Dar leis, léiríonn an oiread daoine a bhaineann sult as leithéidí ''[[Tiarna na bhFáinní]]'' agus [[Doinsiúin agus Dragain|Doinsiúin ⁊ Dragain]] go bhfuil feidhm ag na réimsí seo focal i gcónaí sa lá atá inniu ann.<ref name=":0">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.bbc.com/naidheachdan/sgeulachdan/cvgvvlxkjyro|teideal=Faclair ùr Gàidhlig airson saoghail eile|dáta=2025-05-21|language=[[Gaeilge na hAlban]]|work=[[Naidheachdan a' BhBC]]|dátarochtana=2026-07-15}}</ref> Tá an foclóir bunaithe ar mheascán de théarmaí ó [[Edward Dwelly#An Foclóir|Dwelly]] (toisc go raibh formhór na bhfocal fós á gcleachtadh ag gnáth-lucht labhartha na teanga tráth a bhí seisean i mbun oibre), agus díolamaí eile, maille le "rud beag" nuachumadóireachta. D'fhéach Bihan-Gallic le bheith ag cruinniú focal a bhí ann cheana de rogha air sin áfach, a deir sé.<ref name=":0" /> Rinneadh an foclóir a sheoladh den chéad uair ag [[Comicon nan Eilean]] i Mí Dheireadh Fómhair 2024 agus arís ag an [[An Taigh Cèilidh|Taigh Chèilidh]] i [[Steòrnabhagh]] ar an 21 An Bealtaine 2025. Maítear go raibh cluichí ríomhaireachta ag "sìor nochdadh sa Ghàidhlig" le déanaí agus aistriúchán ar ''[[An Hobad, nó Anonn agus Ar Ais Arís|An Hobad]]'' ar tí a bheith foilsithe freisin.<ref name=":0" /> ==Féach freisin== * [[:Catagóir:Fantaisíocht i nGaeilge na hAlban]] ==Nascanna amach== * Ar shuíomh an [[An Taigh Cèilidh|An Taighe Cèilidh]]: [https://www.taighceilidh.com/product-page/faclair-gaidhlig-na-fantasachd ''Faclair Gàidhlig na Fantasachd''] * Na gluaiseanna ceithre-theangacha ba thús leis an bhfoclóir: [https://gd.tourlezarmeur.com/#faclair Faclair]<ref group="nóta">Is ionann "Breatnais" ag Albanaigh agus "[[Briotáinis]]" ag Éireannaigh ([[Foclóir Gàidhlig–Gaeilge Uí Scanaill|Scannell, 2016]], s.v. "Breatnais")</ref> ==Tagairtí== {{Reflist}} ====Nótaí==== {{reflist|group=nóta}} {{Foclóirí na Gaeilge|state=collapsed}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Faclair Gaidhlig na Fantasachd}} [[Catagóir:Fantaisíocht i nGaeilge na hAlban|*]] [[Catagóir:Foclóirí Ghaeilge na hAlban|Gaidhlig na Fantasachd]] [[Catagóir:Foclóirí Béarla]] [[Catagóir:Gaeilge na hAlban]] [[Catagóir:Foghlaim Ghaeilge na hAlban]] [[Catagóir:Leabhair a foilsíodh in 2024]] [[Catagóir:Leabhair a foilsíodh sna 2020idí]] {{Síol-leabhar}} tqi65p3qqk8s8obky9dewgt2c6qj9h8 0 127275 1322776 1322647 2026-08-06T08:21:42Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322776 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is speiceas [[cruidín]] san fho-fhine [[Cruidín crainn|Halcyoninae]] é an '''cruidín crúcghobach''' ('''''Melidora macrorrhina''''') a bhfuil cónaí air i gceantair fhoraoise ísealchríocha na [[An Nua-Ghuine|Nua-Ghuine]] agus i roinnt de na hoileáin in aice láimhe. Is é an t-aon bhall den ghéineas ''Melidora'' é an t-éan seo. Rangaítear an speiceas seo mar speiceas is lú imní ar [[Liosta Dearg na Speiceas i mBaol]] an AICD.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Melidora macrorrhina|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22683516/92988700|date=2016|doi=10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22683516a92988700.en|language=en|author=BirdLife International|journal=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species|publisher=BirdLife International|pages=e.T22683516A92988700|accessdate=13 Mí na Samhna 2021|volume=2016|authorlink=}}</ref> == Tacsanomaíocht == Ba é an máinlia agus nádúraí Francach [[René Lesson]] a rinne an chéad [[Cur síos foirmiúil|chur síos foirmiúil]] ar an gcrígh-iasc gobach sa bhliain 1827 faoin [[Ainmníocht dhéthéarmach|ainm dhéthéarmach]] ''Dacelo macrorrhina''.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Lesson, R.|title=Description d'un nouveau espèce de Dalcedo|journal=Bulletin des sciences naturelles et de géologie|volume=12|language=fr|pages=131–132|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/43065527|date=1827}}</ref> Is é an cruidín crúcghobach an t-aon speiceas a lonnaítear sa ghéineas ''Melidora'' a thug Lesson isteach sa bhliain 1830.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Lesson, R.|date=1830|title=Traite d'Ornithologie|volume=1|publisher=F.G. Levrault. Tá an bhliain 1831 ar an leathanach teidil.|location=Páras|pages=249|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35997233}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Citation |title=Rollers, ground rollers & kingfishers |date=2017 |work=World Bird List Version 7.2 |editor-last=Gill |editor-first=F. |editor-last2=Donsker |editor-first2=D. |url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/rollers/ |access-date=17 Bealtaine 2017 |publisher=International Ornithologists' Union}}</ref> Is dócha gur ón Ghréigis chlasaiceach ''mēlis'' a chiallaíonn "buí" agus ''doru'' a chiallaíonn "sleá" a thagann ainm an ghéinis seo. Tagann an buafhocal sonrach ''macrorrhina'' ón Ghréigis chlasaiceach ''makros'' a chiallaíonn "fada" agus ''rhis'' arb é "srón" is brí leis.<ref name="jobling">{{Cite book-en|author=Jobling, J. A.|year=2010|title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names|url=https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling|publisher=Christopher Helm|location=Londain|isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4|pages=236, 249|date=2010}}</ref> Rangaíodh ''Melidora'' leis an ghéineas ''Tanysiptera'' sna 1980idí ach léirigh staidéir a foilsíodh sa bhliain 2006 gur gaire an gaol atá aige le ''Dacelo'' agus ''Clytoceyx''.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=A Molecular Phylogeny of Kingfishers (Alcedinidae) With Insights Into Early Biogeographic History|url=https://academic.oup.com/auk/article/123/2/487-499/5147695|journal=The Auk|date=2006|issn=0004-8038|pages=487|volume=123|issue=2|doi=10.1642/0004-8038(2006)123[487:AMPOKA]2.0.CO;2|language=en|author=Moyle, R. G.}}</ref> Tá trí fhospeiceas ann:<ref name=":0" /> * ''M. m. waigiuensis'' [[Ernst Hartert|Hartert]], 1930 – [[Oileán Waigeo]] * ''M. m. macrorrhina'' (Lesson, R, 1827) – iarthar, lár, agus oirthear na Nua-Ghuine, agus na hOileáin [[Misool]] agus [[Batanta]] * ''M. m. jobiensis'' [[Tomasso Salvadori|Salvadori]], 1880 – tuaisceart na Nua-Ghuine agus [[Oileán Yapen]] == Cur síos == Is cruidín mór plucach é an cruidín crúcghobach atá 27 cm (11 or) i bhfad agus a bhfuil meáchan 85–100 g (3.0–3.9 oz) air.<ref name="fry">{{Cite book-en|author=Fry, C. H.; Fry, K.; Harris, A.|first=C. Hilary|title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters, and Rollers|publisher=Christopher Helm|location=Londain|isbn=978-0-7136-8028-7|pages=123–125|date=1992}}</ref> Tá stríoc bhán fhada aige faoina shúile. Tá íochtar bán agus cosa modartha buí air. Bíonn sé an-deacair an t-ainmhí seo a fheiceáil. Is ainmhí clapsholais é don chuid is mó a mbíonn gníomhach ó thitim go lár na hoíche. Glaonn sé agus canann sé a chuid amhráin um bhreacadh an lae agus um thitim na hoíche go príomha. Is feadóg fhada í an glao is coitianta á lean ag sraith nótaí gearra níos ardairde atá coitianta fosta.<ref name="fry">{{Cite book-en|author=Fry, C. H.; Fry, K.; Harris, A.|first=C. Hilary|title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters, and Rollers|publisher=Christopher Helm|location=Londain|isbn=978-0-7136-8028-7|pages=123–125|date=1992}}</ref> == Iompar == === Pórú === Tochlaíonn an cruidín crúcghobach seomra neide i nead gníomhach teirmítí crannacha atá 3–6 m (10–20 tr) os cionn na talún. Is éard atá san ál ná dhá ubh bhána a thagann amach go neamhshioncrónach. Cuidíonn an fireannach le goradh na n-uibheacha ar dtús agus le goradh na n-óga tar éis dá dteacht amach fosta.<ref name="fry">{{Cite book-en|author=Fry, C. H.; Fry, K.; Harris, A.|first=C. Hilary|title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters, and Rollers|publisher=Christopher Helm|location=Londain|isbn=978-0-7136-8028-7|pages=123–125|date=1992}}</ref> Rugtar na hóga le dhá fhiacail uibhe ceann amháin ar an ghob íochtair agus an ceann eile ar an ghob uachtair.<ref name=":1">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://pngbirds.myspecies.info/taxonomy/term/8339/descriptions|teideal=Melidora macrorrhina [Lesson, 1827]|údar=Tvardikova, K.|dáta=2017|language=en|work=pngbirds.myspecies.info|foilsitheoir=Guinea Birds online|dátarochtana=19 Meán Fómhair 2017}}</ref> === Beathú === Beathaíonn sé ar fheithidí agus ar fhroganna. Féadfaidh sé tochailt san ithir ag cuardach creiche ar bhealach cosúil leis an [[Cúcabarra sluasaidghobach|chúcabarra shluasaidghobach]].<ref name="fry">{{Cite book-en|author=Fry, C. H.; Fry, K.; Harris, A.|first=C. Hilary|title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters, and Rollers|publisher=Christopher Helm|location=Londain|isbn=978-0-7136-8028-7|pages=123–125|date=1992}}</ref> Níl mórán ar eolas faoi bheathú an ainmhí seo ach nuair a fheictear é, is minic a bhíonn sram le feiceáil ar a ghob.<ref name=":1" /> == Tagairtí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Naisc sheachtracha == <templatestyles src="Module:Side box/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Catcómhaoin|Melidora macrorrhina}} * [http://www.xeno-canto.org/species/Melidora-macrorrhina Xeno-canto: taifeadtaí fuaime den chruidín chrúcghobach] {{Halcyoninae}}{{Cavitaves|K.|state=collapsed}}{{Taxonbar}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] [[Catagóir:Melidora]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1827]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na Nua-Ghuine]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas is lú imní de chuid an AICD]] fvyntlmv9dlr5yt0okb4h7k67q571zk 14 127280 1322796 1322649 2026-08-06T08:35:15Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322796 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Íomhá:PapuaNG.png|alt=Oileán mór in Iarthar an Aigéin Chiúin atá lonnaithe ar ilchríoch na hAstráile|mion|Oileán na Nua-Ghuine]] [[Catagóir:Éin]] 0nfesrohsp0esznxm7qp2n9me897oqk 14 127281 1322799 1322653 2026-08-06T08:39:19Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322799 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an fhofhine [[Aves|éin]] seo a chur leis an chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] ammeizpj6qe8aehquvl56mu08y92mue 0 127282 1322712 1322657 2026-08-05T15:02:02Z TGcoa 21229 1322712 wikitext text/x-wiki Téarma Laidine is ea '''amicus curiae''' a chiallaíonn “cara cúirte”. Duine nó eintiteas nach bhfuil baint dhíreach aige nó aici le himeachtaí cúirte nó nach mbíonn tionchar ag imeachtaí cúirte air ach a gceadaíonn an chúirt dó a bheith rannpháirteach ar an mbonn go bhféadfadh sé cabhrú leis an gcúirt a cinneadh a dhéanamh.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.citizensinformation.ie/ga/justice/legal-terms-explained/|teideal=Téarmaí dlíthiúla mínithe|údar=Citizensinformation.ie|language=ga-IE|work=www.citizensinformation.ie|dátarochtana=2026-08-04}}</ref> == Féach freisin == * [[:Catagóir:Téarmaí dlí|Téarmaí dlí]] == Tagairtí == {{reflist}}{{síol}} [[Catagóir:Téarmaí dlí]] 3g7qxaxt86x87jm73b2numcxk6s1aqb 1322713 1322712 2026-08-05T15:02:32Z TGcoa 21229 1322713 wikitext text/x-wiki {{teideal iodálach}} Téarma Laidine is ea '''''amicus curiae''''' a chiallaíonn “cara cúirte”. Duine nó eintiteas nach bhfuil baint dhíreach aige nó aici le himeachtaí cúirte nó nach mbíonn tionchar ag imeachtaí cúirte air ach a gceadaíonn an chúirt dó a bheith rannpháirteach ar an mbonn go bhféadfadh sé cabhrú leis an gcúirt a cinneadh a dhéanamh.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.citizensinformation.ie/ga/justice/legal-terms-explained/|teideal=Téarmaí dlíthiúla mínithe|údar=Citizensinformation.ie|language=ga-IE|work=www.citizensinformation.ie|dátarochtana=2026-08-04}}</ref> == Féach freisin == * [[:Catagóir:Téarmaí dlí|Téarmaí dlí]] == Tagairtí == {{reflist}}{{síol}} [[Catagóir:Téarmaí dlí]] 278gn1vqtvfgfi5sffoviqkb7igtdzi 0 127287 1322775 1322697 2026-08-06T08:21:19Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322775 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}}{{cladogram|title=Fíligineacht|caption=Cladagram bunaithe ar an anailís mhóilíneach le hAndersen agus comhghleacaithe a foilsíodh in 2017.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=A phylogeny of kingfishers reveals an Indomalayan origin and elevated rates of diversification on oceanic islands|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jbi.13139|journal=Journal of Biogeography|date=2017|issn=0305-0270|pages=1-13|volume=45|issue=2|doi=10.1111/jbi.13139|language=en|author=Andersen, M.J.; McCullough, J.M.; Mauck III, W.M.; Smith, B.T.; Moyle, R.G.}}</ref>|clades={{clade| style=font-size:90%;line-height:90%;width:290px |label1=''Actenoides'' |1={{clade |1={{clade |1=[[Cruidín gealrach]]<br/>(''Caridonax fulgidus'') |2={{clade |1=[[Cruidín lannbhroinneach]] |2=[[Cruidín droimghlas]] }} }} |2={{clade |1=[[Cruidín breac]] |2={{clade |1={{clade |1=[[Cruidín Hombron]] |2=[[Cruidín ruadhonn droimghorm]] }} |2=[[Cruidín croiméalach]] }} }} }} }}}}Is géineas [[cruidín]] san fho-fhine [[Halcyoninae]] é '''''Actenoides'''''. Ba é an t-éaneolaí Francach [[Charles Lucien Bonaparte]] a thug an géineas ''Actenoides'' isteach sa bhliain 1850. Is é [[cruidín Hombron]] (''Actenoides hombroni'') [[eiseamlár an speicis]] seo.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Conspectus generum avium|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/43560240|publisher=Apud E.J. Brill|date=1850|location=Lugduni Batavorum [Leiden]|volume=1|doi=10.5962/bhl.title.70841|language=Laidin|author=Bonaparte, C. L.|pages=lch. 157}}</ref> Tagann ainm an ghéinis ón [[An tSean-Ghréigis|tSean-Ghréigis]] ''aktis, aktinos'' a chiallaíonn "ga" nó "gile" agus ''-oidēs'' a chiallaíonn "a bheith cosúil le".<ref name="jobling">{{Cite book-en|author=Jobling, J. A.|year=2010|title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names|url=https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling|publisher=Christopher Helm|location=Londain|isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4|pages=lch. 31|date=2010}}</ref> Fuair staidéar móilíneach a foilsíodh sa bhliain 2017 amach go raibh an géineas ''Actenoides'', mar a leagadh amach, [[paraifiliginiteach]]. Is ball den chlád a bhfuil na speicis sa ghéineas ''Actenoides'' ann é an [[cruidín gealrach]] a lonnaítear sa ghéineas mhonaitíopach ''Caridonax'' é féin.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=A phylogeny of kingfishers reveals an Indomalayan origin and elevated rates of diversification on oceanic islands|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jbi.13139|journal=Journal of Biogeography|date=2017|issn=0305-0270|pages=1-13|volume=45|issue=2|doi=10.1111/jbi.13139|language=en|author=Andersen, M.J.; McCullough, J.M.; Mauck III, W.M.; Smith, B.T.; Moyle, R.G.}}</ref> ==Speiceas== Tá na speicis seo a leanas le fáil sa ghéineas seo:<ref name=":0">{{Citation |title=Rollers, ground rollers & kingfishers |date=2017 |work=World Bird List Version 7.2 |editor-last=Gill |editor-first=F. |editor-last2=Donsker |editor-first2=D. |url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/rollers/ |access-date=17 Bealtaine 2017 |publisher=International Ornithologists' Union}}</ref>{{Tábla speiceas |genus= Actenoides |authority-name=[[Charles Lucien Bonaparte|Bonaparte]]|authority-year= 1850 |species-count=sé|no-note=y|narrow-percent=75}} {{Tábla speiceas/sraith |name=[[Cruidín droimghlas]]<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/cruid%C3%ADn%20droimghlas/ga/|teideal="cruidín droimghlas"|work=téarma.ie|dátarochtana=2026-08-05}}</ref> |binomial=[[Actenoides monachus]] |image=File:Green-backed Kingfisher (Male) cropped.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=|image-caption=Fireannach |image2 =File:Green-backed Kingfisher (female) 0A2A7346.jpg|image2-caption=Baineannach |authority-name=Bonaparte |authority-year=1850 |authority-not-original=yes |range= Sulawesi thuaidh agus láir, agus na hoileáin Mandotua agus Lembeh |range-image= |range-image-size=180px |size= |habitat= |hunting= |iucn-status= NT |population= |direction= |subspecies={{Liosta fillte |expand=yes |title=Dhá fhospeiceas |bullets=on | ''A. m. monachus'' - (Bonaparte, 1850) | ''[[Black-headed kingfisher|A. m. capucinus]]'' - (Meyer, AB & Wiglesworth, 1896)}} }} {{Tábla speiceas/sraith |name=[[Cruidín lannbhroinneach]]<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/cruid%C3%ADn%20lannbhroinneach/ga/|teideal="cruidín lannbhroinneach"|work=téarma.ie|dátarochtana=2026-08-05}}</ref> |binomial=[[Actenoides princeps]] |image=File:Scaly-breasted Kingfisher (male) 0A2A9529.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=|image-caption=Fireannach |image2 =File:Scaly-breasted Kingfisher (female) 0A2A7157.jpg|image2-caption=Baineannach |authority-name=Reichenbach |authority-year=1851 |authority-not-original= |range= Sulawesi láir agus thiar theas san Indinéis |range-image= |range-image-size=180px |size= |habitat= |hunting= |iucn-status= LC |population= |direction= |subspecies={{Liosta fillte |expand=yes |title=Trí fhospeiceas |bullets=on | ''A. p. princeps'' - (Reichenbach, 1851) | ''A. p. erythrorhamphus'' - (Stresemann, 1931) | ''[[Plain-backed kingfisher|A. p. regalis]]'' - (Stresemann, 1932) }} }} {{Tábla speiceas/sraith |name=[[Cruidín croiméalach]]<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/cruid%C3%ADn%20croim%C3%A9alach/ga/|teideal="cruidín croiméalach"|work=téarma.ie|dátarochtana=2026-08-05}}</ref> |binomial=[[Actenoides bougainvillei]] |image=File:ActenoidesBougainvilleiKeulemans (cropped).jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt= |authority-name=Rothschild|authority-year= 1904 |authority-not-original=yes |range= Oileán Bougainville in Nua-Ghuine Phapua |range-image= |range-image-size=180px |size= |habitat= |hunting= |iucn-status= LC |population= |direction= |subspecies={{Liosta fillte |expand=yes |title=Dhá fhospeiceas |bullets=on | ''A. b. bougainvillei'' - (Rothschild, 1904) | ''[[Guadalcanal moustached kingfisher|A. b. excelsus]]'' - (Mayr, 1941) }} }} {{Tábla speiceas/sraith |name=[[Cruidín breac]]<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/cruid%C3%ADn%20breac/ga/|teideal="cruidín breac"|work=téarma.ie|dátarochtana=2026-08-05}}</ref> |binomial=[[Actenoides lindsayi]] |image=File:Spotted Wood Kingfisher in the Philippines.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=|image-caption=Fireannach |image2 =File:SpottedWoodKingfisherFemale1.jpg|image2-caption=Baineannach |authority-name=Vigors|authority-year=1831 |authority-not-original=yes |range= Aimsithe sna hOileáin Fhilipíneacha ar na hoileáin Luzon, Catanduanes, Marinduque, Negros agus Panay |range-image= |range-image-size=180px |size= |habitat= |hunting= |iucn-status= LC |population= |direction= |subspecies={{Liosta fillte |expand=yes |title=Dhá fhospeiceas |bullets=on |''A. l. lindsayi'' - Vigors, 1831 |''A. l. moseleyi'' - Steere, 1890 }} }} {{Tábla speiceas/sraith |name=[[Cruidín Hombron]]<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/cruid%C3%ADn%20Hombron/ga/|teideal="cruidín Hombron"|work=téarma.ie|dátarochtana=2026-08-05}}</ref> |binomial=[[Actenoides hombroni]] |image=File:Pajaro 1 page-0001 (cropped).jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt= |authority-name=Bonaparte |authority-year=1850 |authority-not-original=yes |range= Na hOileáin Fhilipíneacha |range-image= |range-image-size=180px |size= |habitat= |hunting= |iucn-status= VU |population= |direction= |subspecies= }} {{Tábla speiceas/sraith |name=[[Cruidín ruadhonn droimghorm]]<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/cruid%C3%ADn%20ruadhonn%20droimghorm/ga/|teideal="cruidín ruadhonn droimghorm"|work=téarma.ie|dátarochtana=2026-08-05}}</ref> |binomial=[[Actenoides concretus]] |image=File:Rufous-collared Kingfisher - Thailand S4E3779 (cropped).jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt= |authority-name=Temminck|authority-year= 1825 |authority-not-original=yes |range= Brúiné, an Indinéis, Malaeisia, Maenmar agus an Téalainn. |range-image= |range-image-size=180px |size= |habitat= |hunting= |iucn-status= LC |population= |direction= |subspecies={{Liosta fillte |expand=yes |title=Trí fhospeiceas |bullets=on | ''A. c. peristephes'' - (Deignan, 1946) | ''A. c. concretus'' - (Temminck, 1825) | ''A. c. borneanus'' - (Chasen & Kloss, 1930) }} }} {{Tábla speiceas/deireadh}} == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Teimpléad:Cruidín crainn}} {{Cavitaves|K.|state=collapsed}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q1955343}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] iyr9la9o831lp62qwtxgkwj05bt26zt 0 127289 1322709 2026-08-05T13:15:50Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1314526802|Green-backed kingfisher]]" 1322709 wikitext text/x-wiki Is speiceas éin den fhine [[Cruidín|Alcedinidae]] é an '''cruidín droimghlas''' ('''''Actenoides monachus''''') a fhaightear san [[An Indinéis|Indinéis]] ó [[Eindéimeachas|dhúchas]], áit a bhfuil sé srianta do thuaisceart agus lár na [[An tSulaivéis|Sulaivéise]], agus na hoileáin [[Manadotua]] agus [[Lembeh]] . Is féidir an t-éan seo a fháil laistigh de na limistéir chosanta [[Páirc Náisiúnta Lore Lindu|Lore Lindu]], [[Páirc Náisiúnta Bogani Nani Wartabone|Bogani Nani Wartabone]], agus Tangkoko Batuangus . Is foraoisí dlútha trópaiceacha taise ísealchríche suas le 900 m ar airde iad a ghnáthóg nádúrtha. Tá sé faoi bhagairt mar gheall ar [[Cailliúint ghnáthóige|chailliúint ghnáthóige]] de bharr [[Dífhoraoisiú|dífhoraoisithe]]. Measadh gur chuid den speiceas seo é an [[cruidín ceanndubh]] san am atá caite, ach bhain sé stádas speicis amach sa bhliain 2014.<gallery> Íomhá:Green-backed_Kingfisher.JPG|alt=Male A. m. monachus| Fireannach ''A. m. monachus'' Íomhá:Actenoides_monachus_monachus.JPG|alt=Male A. m. monachus| Fireannach ''A. m. monachus'' Íomhá:Cekakak-hutan_Tunggir-hijau,_jantan.JPG|alt=Male A. m. monachus| Fireannach ''A. m. monachus'' Íomhá:Cekakak-hutan_Tunggir-hijau,_betina.JPG|alt=Female A. m. monachus| Baineannach ''A. m. monachus'' </gallery>{{Clear}} == Tagairtí == <templatestyles src="Module:Side box/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Sister project/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Catcómhaoin|Actenoides monachus}}<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{Halcyoninae}}{{Taxonbar}} [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na Sulaivéise]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1850]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas beagnach faoi bhagairt de chuid an AICD]] [[Catagóir:Actenoides]] [[Catagóir:Tacsain ainmnithe ag Charles Lucien Bonaparte]] rvmbq9nwcx9tucqjzwbgzpv4gqqf6g1 1322711 1322709 2026-08-05T14:49:55Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322711 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is speiceas éin den fhine [[Cruidín|Alcedinidae]] é an '''cruidín droimghlas''' ('''''Actenoides monachus''''') a fhaightear san [[An Indinéis|Indinéis]] ó [[Eindéimeachas|dhúchas]], áit a bhfuil sé srianta do thuaisceart agus lár na [[An tSulaivéis|Sulaivéise]], agus na hoileáin [[Manadotua]] agus [[Lembeh]] . Is féidir an t-éan seo a fháil laistigh de na limistéir chosanta [[Páirc Náisiúnta Lore Lindu|Lore Lindu]], [[Páirc Náisiúnta Bogani Nani Wartabone|Bogani Nani Wartabone]], agus [[Páirc Náisiúnta Tangkoko Batuangus|Tangkoko Batuangus]].<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=New and significant island records, range extensions and elevational extensions of birds in eastern Sulawesi, its nearby satellites, and Ternate|url=https://ejournal.brin.go.id/treubia/article/view/10100|journal=Treubia|date=2014|issn=2337-876X|pages=61–90|volume=41|doi=10.14203/treubia.v41i0.458|language=en|author=Rheindt, F. E., Prawiradilaga, D. M., Suparno, Ashari, H., & Wilton, P. R.}}</ref> Is foraoisí dlútha trópaiceacha taise ísealchríche suas le 1,300 m ar airde iad a ghnáthóg nádúrtha. Tá sé faoi bhagairt mar gheall ar [[Cailliúint ghnáthóige|chailliúint ghnáthóige]] de bharr [[Dífhoraoisiú|dífhoraoisithe]].<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Mitogenomic evidence reveals the phylogeography of Sulawesi Actenoides kingfisher linked to geological barriers|url=https://ejournal.brin.go.id/treubia/article/view/14305|journal=Treubia|date=2026|issn=2337-876X|volume=53|issue=1|doi=10.55981/treubia.2026.14305|author=Yohanna, Y., Dharmayanthi, A. B., Rowe, K. M. C., Joakim, R. L., Bowie, R. C. K., Engilis, A., Bloch, L., Haryoko, T., Prawiradilaga, D. M., Andayani, N., Supriatna, J.}}</ref> == Tacsanomaíocht == Rinne an t-éaneolaí Francach [[Charles Lucien Bonaparte]] an chéad chur síos fhoirmiúil ar an speiceas seo sa bhliain 1850.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Bonaparte, C. L. . Apud E.J. Brill, , p. 154,|date=1850|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/43560235|title=Conspectus generum avium|volume=1|language=Laidin|pages=154|publisher=Apud E.J. Brill|location=Lugduni Batavorum [Leiden]|doi=10.5962/bhl.title.70841}}</ref> Measadh gur chuid den speiceas seo é an [[cruidín ceanndubh]] sna 1990idí, ach rangaíodh é agus an cruidín droimghlas amach mar speicis dhifriúla a scartar de bharr bacanna éagsúla geografacha.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Illustrated checklist of the birds of the world|publisher=Lynx Edicions|date=2014|location=Barcelona|coauthors=Handbook of the birds of the world, BirdLife international|author=del Hoyo, J., Collar, N. J., Christie, D. A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L. D. C.|volume=1. Non-passerines}}</ref> == Cur Síos == Is cruidín beag é an cruidín droimghlas a bhfuil gob dearg 5.221 cm (0.184 unsa) i bhfad agus 1.228 cm (0.043 unsa) i leithead aige. Tá na sciatháin 14 cm (0.494 unsa) i bhfad agus tá cuma ghlas orthu cosúil leis an droim. Tá eireaball an éin seo 11.8 cm (0.416 unsa) i bhfad agus tá sé glas mar aon leis an droim agus na sciatháin.<ref name=":0">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Tobias, J. et al.|date=2022|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ele.13898|title=AVONET: morphological, ecological and geographical data for all birds|journal=Ecology Letters|doi=10.1111/ele.13898}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Şekercioğlu, Ç.H., Kittelberger, K.D., Mota, F.M.M. et al.|date=2025|title=BIRDBASE: A Global Dataset of Avian Biogeography, Conservation, Ecology and Life History Traits|journal=Sci Data|volume=12|pages=1558|doi=10.1038/s41597-025-05615-3}}</ref> Tá coda íochtair an éin seo ruadhonn agus tá a cheann gorm le scornach bhán thíos faoi. Tá súile liatha ag an éan seo. == Iompar == === Pórú === Cruthaíonn an cruidín droimghlas seomra neide i nead i gcuas crainn os cionn na talún. Is éard atá san ál ná dhá ubh bhána a thagann amach go neamhshioncrónach.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> === Beathú === Beathaíonn sé ar fheithidí. Féadfaidh sé tochailt san ithir ag cuardach creiche ar bhealach cosúil leis an [[Cúcabarra sluasaidghobach|chúcabarra shluasaidghobach]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == Dáileadh agus gnáthóg == == Gailearaí == <gallery> Íomhá:Green-backed_Kingfisher.JPG|alt=Male A. m. monachus| Fireannach ''A. m. monachus'' Íomhá:Actenoides_monachus_monachus.JPG|alt=Male A. m. monachus| Fireannach ''A. m. monachus'' Íomhá:Cekakak-hutan_Tunggir-hijau,_jantan.JPG|alt=Male A. m. monachus| Fireannach ''A. m. monachus'' Íomhá:Cekakak-hutan_Tunggir-hijau,_betina.JPG|alt=Female A. m. monachus| Baineannach ''A. m. monachus'' </gallery>{{Clear}} == Tagairtí == {{Catcómhaoin|Actenoides monachus}}{{Reflist}}{{Halcyoninae}}{{Taxonbar}} [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na Sulaivéise]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1850]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas beagnach faoi bhagairt de chuid an AICD]] [[Catagóir:Actenoides]] [[Catagóir:Tacsain ainmnithe ag Charles Lucien Bonaparte]] krol6kucsr9fkmthva6g1x1sav6j3mu 1322756 1322711 2026-08-06T07:25:06Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 /* Dáileadh agus gnáthóg */ 1322756 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is speiceas éin den fhine [[Cruidín|Alcedinidae]] é an '''cruidín droimghlas''' ('''''Actenoides monachus''''') a fhaightear san [[An Indinéis|Indinéis]] ó [[Eindéimeachas|dhúchas]], áit a bhfuil sé srianta do thuaisceart agus lár na [[An tSulaivéis|Sulaivéise]], agus na hoileáin [[Manadotua]] agus [[Lembeh]] . Is féidir an t-éan seo a fháil laistigh de na limistéir chosanta [[Páirc Náisiúnta Lore Lindu|Lore Lindu]], [[Páirc Náisiúnta Bogani Nani Wartabone|Bogani Nani Wartabone]], agus [[Páirc Náisiúnta Tangkoko Batuangus|Tangkoko Batuangus]].<ref name=":2">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=New and significant island records, range extensions and elevational extensions of birds in eastern Sulawesi, its nearby satellites, and Ternate|url=https://ejournal.brin.go.id/treubia/article/view/10100|journal=Treubia|date=2014|issn=2337-876X|pages=61–90|volume=41|doi=10.14203/treubia.v41i0.458|language=en|author=Rheindt, F. E., Prawiradilaga, D. M., Suparno, Ashari, H., & Wilton, P. R.}}</ref> Is foraoisí dlútha trópaiceacha taise ísealchríche suas le 1,100 m (3608 tr) ar airde iad a ghnáthóg nádúrtha. Tá sé faoi bhagairt mar gheall ar [[Cailliúint ghnáthóige|chailliúint ghnáthóige]] de bharr [[Dífhoraoisiú|dífhoraoisithe]].<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Mitogenomic evidence reveals the phylogeography of Sulawesi Actenoides kingfisher linked to geological barriers|url=https://ejournal.brin.go.id/treubia/article/view/14305|journal=Treubia|date=2026|issn=2337-876X|volume=53|issue=1|doi=10.55981/treubia.2026.14305|author=Yohanna, Y., Dharmayanthi, A. B., Rowe, K. M. C., Joakim, R. L., Bowie, R. C. K., Engilis, A., Bloch, L., Haryoko, T., Prawiradilaga, D. M., Andayani, N., Supriatna, J.}}</ref> == Tacsanomaíocht == Rinne an t-éaneolaí Francach [[Charles Lucien Bonaparte]] an chéad chur síos fhoirmiúil ar an speiceas seo sa bhliain 1850.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Bonaparte, C. L. . Apud E.J. Brill, , p. 154,|date=1850|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/43560235|title=Conspectus generum avium|volume=1|language=Laidin|pages=154|publisher=Apud E.J. Brill|location=Lugduni Batavorum [Leiden]|doi=10.5962/bhl.title.70841}}</ref> Measadh gur chuid den speiceas seo é an [[cruidín ceanndubh]] sna 1990idí, ach rangaíodh é agus an cruidín droimghlas amach mar speicis dhifriúla a scartar de bharr bacanna éagsúla geografacha. Mar sin, tá an cruidín seo ar cheann den tseacht speiceas éan a fhaightear laistigh dá ghéineas.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Illustrated checklist of the birds of the world|publisher=Lynx Edicions|date=2014|location=Barcelona|coauthors=Handbook of the birds of the world, BirdLife international|author=del Hoyo, J., Collar, N. J., Christie, D. A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L. D. C.|volume=1. Non-passerines}}</ref> == Cur Síos == Is cruidín beag é an cruidín droimghlas a bhfuil gob dearg 5.221 cm (0.184 unsa) i bhfad agus 1.228 cm (0.043 unsa) i leithead aige. Tá na sciatháin 14 cm (0.494 unsa) i bhfad agus tá cuma ghlas orthu cosúil leis an droim. Tá eireaball an éin seo 11.8 cm (0.416 unsa) i bhfad agus tá sé glas mar aon leis an droim agus na sciatháin.<ref name=":0">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Tobias, J. et al.|date=2022|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ele.13898|title=AVONET: morphological, ecological and geographical data for all birds|journal=Ecology Letters|doi=10.1111/ele.13898}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Şekercioğlu, Ç.H., Kittelberger, K.D., Mota, F.M.M. et al.|date=2025|title=BIRDBASE: A Global Dataset of Avian Biogeography, Conservation, Ecology and Life History Traits|journal=Sci Data|volume=12|pages=1558|doi=10.1038/s41597-025-05615-3}}</ref> Tá coda íochtair an éin seo ruadhonn agus tá a cheann gorm le scornach bhán thíos faoi. Tá súile liatha ag an éan seo. == Iompar == === Pórú === Is éan neamhaistreach é an cruidín droimghlas nach dtéann ar imirce a fhanann sna foraoisí ar a oileán den chuid is mó. Cruthaíonn an cruidín droimghlas seomra neide i nead i gcuas crainn os cionn na talún. Is éard atá san ál ná dhá ubh bhána a thagann amach go neamhshioncrónach.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> === Beathú === Is feoiliteoir é an cruidín seo a bheathaíonn ar fheithidí cosúil le péisteanna agus damhain alla. Faigheann sé ar a laghad 70% dá chuid beathaithe ó na feithidí seo. Féadfaidh sé tochailt san ithir ag cuardach creiche ar bhealach cosúil leis an [[Cúcabarra sluasaidghobach|chúcabarra shluasaidghobach]] agus an [[cruidín crúcghobach]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == Dáileadh agus gnáthóg == Tá an t-éan seo le fáil ar achar atá thart ar 72,249.86 km² (27,895.83 mi²) d'oileán na Sulaivéise ó thuaidh agus i lár an oileáin agus ar na hoileáin Manadotua agus Lembeh atá soir ó dheas amach ó chósta an mhór-oileáin.<ref name=":2" /> Cuireann sé faoi i bhforaoisí dlútha a bhfuil ceannbhrat dlúth atá nach mór dúnta orthu agus bíonn sé le fáil in íochtar nó i lár an cheannbhrait, ag seachaint airde na gcrann den chuid is mó. Bíonn an t-éan seo fáil idir 0 m (0 tr) agus 1,300 m (3,608 tr) os cionn leibhéal na mara.<ref name=":0" /> == Gailearaí == <gallery> Íomhá:Green-backed_Kingfisher.JPG|alt=Male A. m. monachus| Fireannach ''A. m. monachus'' Íomhá:Actenoides_monachus_monachus.JPG|alt=Male A. m. monachus| Fireannach ''A. m. monachus'' Íomhá:Cekakak-hutan_Tunggir-hijau,_jantan.JPG|alt=Male A. m. monachus| Fireannach ''A. m. monachus'' Íomhá:Cekakak-hutan_Tunggir-hijau,_betina.JPG|alt=Female A. m. monachus| Baineannach ''A. m. monachus'' </gallery>{{Clear}} == Tagairtí == {{Catcómhaoin|Actenoides monachus}}{{Reflist}}{{Halcyoninae}}{{Taxonbar}} [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na Sulaivéise]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1850]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas beagnach faoi bhagairt de chuid an AICD]] [[Catagóir:Actenoides]] [[Catagóir:Tacsain ainmnithe ag Charles Lucien Bonaparte]] kyxhhp03xdsm6li1gd8uz91p578lwcz 0 127290 1322714 2026-08-05T15:30:23Z Macraghnaill 6636 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366473034|2026 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship]]" 1322714 wikitext text/x-wiki   Is í '''Craobh Sinsear Iomána Uíbh Fhailí, 2026''' an 129ú comórtas de [[Craobh Sinsear Iomána Uíbh Fhailí|Chraobh Sinsear Iomána Uíbh Fhailí]] ó bhunaigh [[CLG Chontae Uíbh Fhailí|Bord Contae Uíbh Fhailí]] í sa bhliain 1896. Rinneadh an tarraingt do na grúpaí i mí Feabhra, 2026. <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.offalyexpress.ie/sport/gaa/draws-made-for-offaly-hurling-and-football-championships-6618792|title=Draws made for Offaly hurling and football championships|author=|first=|date=25 February 2026|publisher=Offaly Live|access-date=1 July 2026}}</ref> Beidh an chraobh ar siúl ón 11 Iúil go dtí Deireadh Fómhair 2026. Is iad Cill Chormaic – Cill Achaidh na seaimpíní reatha. <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.gaa.ie/article/offaly-shc-final-kilcormac-killoughey-retain-title|title=Offaly SHC Final: Kilcormac-Killoughey retain title|author=|first=|date=19 October 2025|publisher=GAA website|access-date=19 October 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/gaelic-games/hurling/kilcormac-killoughey-rediscover-touch-in-stoppage-time-to-halt-shinrone-comeback-and-seal-offaly-shc-title/a1803983635.html|title=Kilcormac-Killoughey rediscover touch in stoppage time to halt Shinrone comeback and seal Offaly SHC title|author=|first=|date=19 October 2025|publisher=Irish Independent|access-date=19 October 2025}}</ref> == Athruithe foirne == === Ardú céime ón gCraobh Sinsear B === * Lusmhaigh <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.offalyexpress.ie/sport/gaa/jubilant-lusmagh-hold-out-for-great-win-as-brave-carrig-riverstown-fall-away-in-second-half-6731786|title=Jubilant Lusmagh hold out for great win as brave Carrig-Riverstown fall away in second half|date=2025-10-06|language=en|work=Offaly Live|access-date=2026-07-01}}</ref> === Dícháilithe go dtí an Chraobh Sinsear B === * Saighir Chiaráin <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.offalyexpress.ie/sport/gaa/kinnitty-retain-status-as-seir-kieran-finally-run-out-of-road-and-drop-down-6743242|title=Kinnitty retain status as Seir Kieran finally run out of road and drop down|date=2025-09-21|language=en|work=Offaly Live|access-date=2026-07-01}}</ref> == Céim na ngrúpaí == === Tábla Ghrúpa 1 <ref name=":0">{{Cite web-en|url=https://offaly.gaa.ie/fixtures-results/|title=Fix & Res|language=en|work=Offaly GAA|access-date=2026-07-01}}</ref> ===       {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse" |- align="center" ! rowspan="2" width="165!" |Foireann ! colspan="4!" | Cluichí ! colspan="3!" | Scóráilte ! rowspan="2width=20!" | Pointí |- align="center" ! width="20!" | Imeartha ! width="20!" | B ! width="20!" | CS ! width="20!" | C ! width="45!" | Acu ! width="45!" | Ina gcoinne ! width="30!" | Difríocht |- align="center" style="background:#ACE1AF;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Tipperary.svg|20x20px|Border]]Naomh Raghnach | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 50 | 44 | 6 | '''4''' |- align="center" style="background:#ccccff;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Kerry.svg|20x20px|Border]]Cill Chormaic – Cill Achaidh | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 49 | 39 | 10 | '''2''' |- align="center" style="background:#ccccff;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Limerick.svg|20x20px|Border]]Cúldoire | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 47 | 46 | 1 | '''2''' |- align="center" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Mayo.svg|20x20px|Border]]Biorra | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 23 | 27 | -4 | '''0''' |- align="center" style="background:#FFC0CB;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Limerick.svg|20x20px|Border]]Cionn Eitigh | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 26 | -13 | '''0''' |} {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse" |- align="center" ! rowspan="2" width="165!" |Foireann ! colspan="4!" | Cluichí ! colspan="3!" | Scóráilte ! rowspan="2width=20!" | Pointí |- align="center" ! width="20!" | Imeartha ! width="20!" | B ! width="20!" | CS ! width="20!" | C ! width="45!" | Acu ! width="45!" | Ina gcoinne ! width="30!" | Difríocht |- align="center" style="background:#ACE1AF;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Kerry.svg|20x20px|Border]] [[CLG Bhaile na Maor|Baile na Maor]] | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 49 | 33 | 16 | '''4''' |- align="center" style="background:#ccccff;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Flag_of_Furnes,_Belgium.svg|border|20x20px]] An Lios Dearg | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 25 | 20 | 5 | '''2''' |- align="center" style="background:#ccccff;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Cavan.svg|20x20px|Border]]Tulach Mhór | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 51 | 53 | -2 | '''2''' |- align="center" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Cork.svg|20x20px|Border]]Suí an Róin | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 28 | 30 | -2 | '''0''' |- align="center" style="background:#FFC0CB;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Cork.svg|20x20px|Border]]Lusmhaigh | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 32 | 49 | -17 | '''0''' |} == Babhtaí díbeartha == === Cluiche íslithe === {{footballbox collapsible|date=|round=Playoff|team1=|score=|team2=|report=|goals1=|goals2=|stadium=|referee=}} == Babhtaí díbeartha == === Cluichí ceathrú ceannais === === Cluichí leathcheannais === === Cluiche ceannais === cshhnoz6guaz4ywr3nxezcz5awga4ur 1322715 1322714 2026-08-05T15:30:43Z Quinlan83 47440 Fix 1322715 wikitext text/x-wiki Is í '''Craobh Sinsear Iomána Uíbh Fhailí, 2026''' an 129ú comórtas de [[Craobh Sinsear Iomána Uíbh Fhailí|Chraobh Sinsear Iomána Uíbh Fhailí]] ó bhunaigh [[CLG Chontae Uíbh Fhailí|Bord Contae Uíbh Fhailí]] í sa bhliain 1896. Rinneadh an tarraingt do na grúpaí i mí Feabhra, 2026. <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.offalyexpress.ie/sport/gaa/draws-made-for-offaly-hurling-and-football-championships-6618792|title=Draws made for Offaly hurling and football championships|author=|first=|date=25 February 2026|publisher=Offaly Live|access-date=1 July 2026}}</ref> Beidh an chraobh ar siúl ón 11 Iúil go dtí Deireadh Fómhair 2026. Is iad Cill Chormaic – Cill Achaidh na seaimpíní reatha. <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.gaa.ie/article/offaly-shc-final-kilcormac-killoughey-retain-title|title=Offaly SHC Final: Kilcormac-Killoughey retain title|author=|first=|date=19 October 2025|publisher=GAA website|access-date=19 October 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/gaelic-games/hurling/kilcormac-killoughey-rediscover-touch-in-stoppage-time-to-halt-shinrone-comeback-and-seal-offaly-shc-title/a1803983635.html|title=Kilcormac-Killoughey rediscover touch in stoppage time to halt Shinrone comeback and seal Offaly SHC title|author=|first=|date=19 October 2025|publisher=Irish Independent|access-date=19 October 2025}}</ref> == Athruithe foirne == === Ardú céime ón gCraobh Sinsear B === * Lusmhaigh <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.offalyexpress.ie/sport/gaa/jubilant-lusmagh-hold-out-for-great-win-as-brave-carrig-riverstown-fall-away-in-second-half-6731786|title=Jubilant Lusmagh hold out for great win as brave Carrig-Riverstown fall away in second half|date=2025-10-06|language=en|work=Offaly Live|access-date=2026-07-01}}</ref> === Dícháilithe go dtí an Chraobh Sinsear B === * Saighir Chiaráin <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.offalyexpress.ie/sport/gaa/kinnitty-retain-status-as-seir-kieran-finally-run-out-of-road-and-drop-down-6743242|title=Kinnitty retain status as Seir Kieran finally run out of road and drop down|date=2025-09-21|language=en|work=Offaly Live|access-date=2026-07-01}}</ref> == Céim na ngrúpaí == === Tábla Ghrúpa 1 <ref name=":0">{{Cite web-en|url=https://offaly.gaa.ie/fixtures-results/|title=Fix & Res|language=en|work=Offaly GAA|access-date=2026-07-01}}</ref> ===       {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse" |- align="center" ! rowspan="2" width="165!" |Foireann ! colspan="4!" | Cluichí ! colspan="3!" | Scóráilte ! rowspan="2width=20!" | Pointí |- align="center" ! width="20!" | Imeartha ! width="20!" | B ! width="20!" | CS ! width="20!" | C ! width="45!" | Acu ! width="45!" | Ina gcoinne ! width="30!" | Difríocht |- align="center" style="background:#ACE1AF;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Tipperary.svg|20x20px|Border]]Naomh Raghnach | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 50 | 44 | 6 | '''4''' |- align="center" style="background:#ccccff;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Kerry.svg|20x20px|Border]]Cill Chormaic – Cill Achaidh | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 49 | 39 | 10 | '''2''' |- align="center" style="background:#ccccff;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Limerick.svg|20x20px|Border]]Cúldoire | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 47 | 46 | 1 | '''2''' |- align="center" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Mayo.svg|20x20px|Border]]Biorra | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 23 | 27 | -4 | '''0''' |- align="center" style="background:#FFC0CB;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Limerick.svg|20x20px|Border]]Cionn Eitigh | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 26 | -13 | '''0''' |} {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse" |- align="center" ! rowspan="2" width="165!" |Foireann ! colspan="4!" | Cluichí ! colspan="3!" | Scóráilte ! rowspan="2width=20!" | Pointí |- align="center" ! width="20!" | Imeartha ! width="20!" | B ! width="20!" | CS ! width="20!" | C ! width="45!" | Acu ! width="45!" | Ina gcoinne ! width="30!" | Difríocht |- align="center" style="background:#ACE1AF;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Kerry.svg|20x20px|Border]] [[CLG Bhaile na Maor|Baile na Maor]] | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 49 | 33 | 16 | '''4''' |- align="center" style="background:#ccccff;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Flag_of_Furnes,_Belgium.svg|border|20x20px]] An Lios Dearg | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 25 | 20 | 5 | '''2''' |- align="center" style="background:#ccccff;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Cavan.svg|20x20px|Border]]Tulach Mhór | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 51 | 53 | -2 | '''2''' |- align="center" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Cork.svg|20x20px|Border]]Suí an Róin | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 28 | 30 | -2 | '''0''' |- align="center" style="background:#FFC0CB;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Cork.svg|20x20px|Border]]Lusmhaigh | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 32 | 49 | -17 | '''0''' |} == Babhtaí díbeartha == === Cluiche íslithe === {{footballbox collapsible|date=|round=Playoff|team1=|score=|team2=|report=|goals1=|goals2=|stadium=|referee=}} == Babhtaí díbeartha == === Cluichí ceathrú ceannais === === Cluichí leathcheannais === === Cluiche ceannais === 9rwfynzr9dsmxfek692g88cbke19am4 1322716 1322715 2026-08-05T15:34:06Z Macraghnaill 6636 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366473034|2026 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship]]" 1322716 wikitext text/x-wiki   Is í '''Craobh Sinsear Iomána Uíbh Fhailí, 2026''' an 129ú comórtas de [[Craobh Sinsear Iomána Uíbh Fhailí|Chraobh Sinsear Iomána Uíbh Fhailí]] ó bhunaigh [[CLG Chontae Uíbh Fhailí|Bord Contae Uíbh Fhailí]] í sa bhliain 1896. Rinneadh an tarraingt do na grúpaí i mí Feabhra, 2026. <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.offalyexpress.ie/sport/gaa/draws-made-for-offaly-hurling-and-football-championships-6618792|title=Draws made for Offaly hurling and football championships|author=|first=|date=25 February 2026|publisher=Offaly Live|access-date=1 July 2026}}</ref> Beidh an chraobh ar siúl ón 11 Iúil go dtí Deireadh Fómhair 2026. Is iad Cill Chormaic – Cill Achaidh na seaimpíní reatha. <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.gaa.ie/article/offaly-shc-final-kilcormac-killoughey-retain-title|title=Offaly SHC Final: Kilcormac-Killoughey retain title|author=|first=|date=19 October 2025|publisher=GAA website|access-date=19 October 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/gaelic-games/hurling/kilcormac-killoughey-rediscover-touch-in-stoppage-time-to-halt-shinrone-comeback-and-seal-offaly-shc-title/a1803983635.html|title=Kilcormac-Killoughey rediscover touch in stoppage time to halt Shinrone comeback and seal Offaly SHC title|author=|first=|date=19 October 2025|publisher=Irish Independent|access-date=19 October 2025}}</ref> == Athruithe foirne == === Ardú céime ón gCraobh Sinsear B === * Lusmhaigh <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.offalyexpress.ie/sport/gaa/jubilant-lusmagh-hold-out-for-great-win-as-brave-carrig-riverstown-fall-away-in-second-half-6731786|title=Jubilant Lusmagh hold out for great win as brave Carrig-Riverstown fall away in second half|date=2025-10-06|language=en|work=Offaly Live|access-date=2026-07-01}}</ref> === Dícháilithe go dtí an Chraobh Sinsear B === * Saighir Chiaráin <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.offalyexpress.ie/sport/gaa/kinnitty-retain-status-as-seir-kieran-finally-run-out-of-road-and-drop-down-6743242|title=Kinnitty retain status as Seir Kieran finally run out of road and drop down|date=2025-09-21|language=en|work=Offaly Live|access-date=2026-07-01}}</ref> == Céim na ngrúpaí == === Tábla Ghrúpa 1 <ref name=":0">{{Cite web-en|url=https://offaly.gaa.ie/fixtures-results/|title=Fix & Res|language=en|work=Offaly GAA|access-date=2026-07-01}}</ref> ===       {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse" |- align="center" ! rowspan="2" width="165!" |Foireann ! colspan="4!" | Cluichí ! colspan="3!" | Scóráilte ! rowspan="2width=20!" | Pointí |- align="center" ! width="20!" | Imeartha ! width="20!" | B ! width="20!" | CS ! width="20!" | C ! width="45!" | Acu ! width="45!" | Ina gcoinne ! width="30!" | Difríocht |- align="center" style="background:#ACE1AF;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Tipperary.svg|20x20px|Border]]Naomh Raghnach | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 50 | 44 | 6 | '''4''' |- align="center" style="background:#ccccff;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Kerry.svg|20x20px|Border]]Cill Chormaic – Cill Achaidh | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 49 | 39 | 10 | '''2''' |- align="center" style="background:#ccccff;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Limerick.svg|20x20px|Border]]Cúldoire | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 47 | 46 | 1 | '''2''' |- align="center" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Mayo.svg|20x20px|Border]]Biorra | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 23 | 27 | -4 | '''0''' |- align="center" style="background:#FFC0CB;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Limerick.svg|20x20px|Border]]Cionn Eitigh | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 26 | -13 | '''0''' |} === Tábla Grúpa 2 <ref name=":0">{{Cite web-en|url=https://offaly.gaa.ie/fixtures-results/|title=Fix & Res|language=en|work=Offaly GAA|access-date=2026-07-01}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://offaly.gaa.ie/fixtures-results/ "Fix & Res"]. ''Offaly GAA''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 July</span> 2026</span>.</cite></ref> === {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse" |- align="center" ! rowspan="2" width="165!" |Foireann ! colspan="4!" | Cluichí ! colspan="3!" | Scóráilte ! rowspan="2width=20!" | Pointí |- align="center" ! width="20!" | Imeartha ! width="20!" | B ! width="20!" | CS ! width="20!" | C ! width="45!" | Acu ! width="45!" | Ina gcoinne ! width="30!" | Difríocht |- align="center" style="background:#ACE1AF;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Kerry.svg|20x20px|Border]] [[CLG Bhaile na Maor|Baile na Maor]] | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 49 | 33 | 16 | '''4''' |- align="center" style="background:#ccccff;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Flag_of_Furnes,_Belgium.svg|border|20x20px]] An Lios Dearg | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 25 | 20 | 5 | '''2''' |- align="center" style="background:#ccccff;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Cavan.svg|20x20px|Border]]Tulach Mhór | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 51 | 53 | -2 | '''2''' |- align="center" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Cork.svg|20x20px|Border]]Suí an Róin | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 28 | 30 | -2 | '''0''' |- align="center" style="background:#FFC0CB;" | style="text-align:left;" | [[Íomhá:Colours_of_Cork.svg|20x20px|Border]]Lusmhaigh | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 32 | 49 | -17 | '''0''' |} == Babhtaí díbeartha == === Cluiche íslithe === {{footballbox collapsible|date=|round=Playoff|team1=|score=|team2=|report=|goals1=|goals2=|stadium=|referee=}} == Babhtaí díbeartha == === Cluichí ceathrú ceannais === {{footballbox collapsible|date=|round=Quarter-final|team1=|score=|team2=|report=|goals1=|goals2=|stadium=|referee=}}{{footballbox collapsible|date=|round=Quarter-final|team1=|score=|team2=|report=|goals1=|goals2=|stadium=|referee=}} === Cluichí leathcheannais === === Cluiche ceannais === tc30qrs80rop2oqfsdfgq8qtmvzoear 0 127291 1322722 2026-08-05T19:23:02Z Ériugena 188 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366599816|Alex Karp]]" 1322722 wikitext text/x-wiki Is billiúnaí agus fiontraí Meiriceánach é '''Alexander Caedmon Karp''' (rugadh 2 Deireadh Fómhair, 1967). Is é comhbhunaitheoir agus [[Príomhoifigeach feidhmiúcháin|POF]] na cuideachta bogearraí [[Palantir Technologies]] é. Bhain Karp céim JD amach ó Scoil Dlí Stanford agus dochtúireacht sa teoiric shóisialta ó Ollscoil Goethe Frankfurt . Ina dhiaidh sin, d'oibrigh sé i gcúrsaí airgeadais, ag bunú an ghnólachta infheistíochta Caedmon Group, áit ar bhainistigh sé airgead do chliaint lena n-áirítear infheisteoirí saibhre Eorpacha agus d'infheistigh sé i gcuideachtaí nua'''thionscanta''' agus i scaireanna. Ag Stanford, bhuail sé le Peter Thiel agus sa bhliain 2003, bhunaigh siad [[Palantir Technologies|Palantir]] i gcomhar le triúr eile. Sa bhliain 2025, sháraigh a ghlanfhiúchas $18 billiún, rud a fhágann go raibh sé i measc an 200 duine is saibhre ar domhan mar a thuairiscigh ''[[Forbes]]'' agus ''<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloomberg_Billionaires_Index" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="Bloomberg Billionaires Index" class="cx-link" data-linkid="78">Bloomberg Billionaires Index</a>, agus d'ainmnigh iris Time'' é ar liosta Time 100 de na daoine is mó tionchar ar domhan na bliana sin. == Luathshaol agus oideachas == Rugadh Alasdair Caedmon Karp ar 2 Deireadh Fómhair, 1967 <ref name="CNBC">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2014/10/06/alex-karp.html|title=Alex Karp|date=October 6, 2014|work=CNBC|access-date=July 8, 2016}}</ref> <ref name="thetimes" /> i gCathair Nua-Eabhrac, <ref name="thetimes">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|work=[[The Times]]|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20220621163414/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|archivedate=June 21, 2022}}</ref> an mac ba shine le Robert Joseph Karp, [[Péidiatraic|péidiatraí]] cliniciúil, agus Leah Jaynes Karp, ealaíontóir [[Meiriceánaigh Afracacha|Meiriceánach Afracach]] . <ref name=":10">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.ft.com/content/8ea36422-2f65-4a14-93be-b7b4d38362e3|work=Financial Times}}</ref> <ref name="nytmag">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/10/21/magazine/palantir-alex-karp.html|language=en-US|work=The New York Times}}</ref> D'fhás sé aníos lena dheartháir níos óige, Oliver "Ben" Karp, i [[Filideilfia, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia]] . <ref name=":8">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/17/style/alex-karp-palantir.html|language=en-US|work=The New York Times}}</ref> Cosúil lena athair, d’fhreastail Karp ar Central High School i Philadelphia, agus bhain sé céim amach sa bhliain 1985. <ref name=":10">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.ft.com/content/8ea36422-2f65-4a14-93be-b7b4d38362e3|work=Financial Times}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWaters2020">Waters, Richard (October 2, 2020). [https://www.ft.com/content/8ea36422-2f65-4a14-93be-b7b4d38362e3 "Alex Karp, unconventional purveyor of powerful surveillance tools"]. ''Financial Times''.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.classmates.com/yearbooks/Central-High-School/185253?page=205|title=Classmates|access-date=December 30, 2016}}</ref> Dúirt sé go raibh sé ag streachailt le [[disléicse]] ó aois óg. <ref name="nytmag">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/10/21/magazine/palantir-alex-karp.html|language=en-US|work=The New York Times}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSteinberger2020">Steinberger, Michael (October 21, 2020). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/10/21/magazine/palantir-alex-karp.html "Does Palantir See Too Much?"]. ''The New York Times''. [[International Standard Serial Number|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 11,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Bhí tionchar ag gníomhaíocht a thuismitheoirí ar son cearta sibhialta agus [[Ceartas sóisialta|cearta sóisialta]] air le linn a óige agus chuaigh sé chuig go leor agóidí. <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://quartr.com/insights/business-philosophy/alex-karp-the-unconventional-tech-visionary|title=Alex Karp: The Unconventional Tech Visionary|date=2025-04-22|language=en|work=quartr.com|access-date=2025-06-03}}</ref> <ref name="thetimes">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|work=[[The Times]]|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20220621163414/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|archivedate=June 21, 2022}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFFortson2022">Fortson, Danny (May 21, 2022). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required">[https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6 "Palantir chief Alex Karp: War is here — you need a pariah on your side"]</span>. ''[[The Times]]''.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Teimpléad:Lua idirlín|cite news]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([[:Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service]]</ref> Dúirt sé gurbh é an rud a fuair sé ó thaobh a mháthar ná "a strong affinity to fighting discrimination". <ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.ft.com/content/8ea36422-2f65-4a14-93be-b7b4d38362e3|work=www.ft.com|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20201002190058/https://www.ft.com/content/8ea36422-2f65-4a14-93be-b7b4d38362e3|archivedate=2 October 2020}}</ref> Dúirt Karp; "some black people considered me black while some did not", agus dúirt sé, "I view me as me. And I'm very honored to be honored by all groups that will have me." <ref name=":8">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/17/style/alex-karp-palantir.html|language=en-US|work=The New York Times}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFDowd2024">Dowd, Maureen (August 17, 2024). [https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/17/style/alex-karp-palantir.html "Alex Karp Has Money and Power. So What Does He Want?"]. ''The New York Times''. [[International Standard Serial Number|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 6,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Is as an nGearmáin a thagann sinsearacht Karp le déanaí ar thaobh athar an teaghlaigh. <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.weforum.org/podcasts/meet-the-leader/episodes/palantir-alex-karp-saying-yes-thinking-differently/#:~:text=Alex%20Karp:%20Wel|title=Davos 2023: A conversation with Palantir's Alex Karp}}</ref> Dúirt sé gur bheag an meas a bhí aige, sula ndeachaigh sé go dtí an Ghearmáin, ar an tionchar Gearmánach a bhí ar a thógáil. <ref name=":11">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.theeuropean.de/politik/spd-lehnt-einsatz-einer-us-software-fuer-verbrechensbekaempfung-ab|language=de-DE|work=The European}}</ref> Bhí Karp ag iarraidh a bheith ina theoiricí sóisialta ar dtús. <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://washingtonmonthly.com/2025/03/23/a-tech-billionaire-attacks-his-own-kind/|title=A Tech Billionaire Attacks His Own Kind|author=Lowman|first=Kainoa|date=2025-03-23|language=en-US|work=Washington Monthly|access-date=2025-06-03}}</ref> Bhain sé céim bhaitsiléara amach sa fhealsúnacht ó Choláiste Haverford in Haverford, Pennsylvania, i 1989, agus ansin chláraigh sé i Scoil Dlí Stanford, áit ar bhain sé JD amach i 1992. <ref name="bizjournals">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/bizjournals/news/2015/02/10/upstart100-alex-karp.html|title=Alexander Karp|work=Bizjournals|access-date=February 12, 2015}}</ref> <ref name="Forbes">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/alexander-karp/|title=Forbes profile: Alexander Karp|work=Forbes|access-date=December 21, 2024}}</ref> Agus é i Stanford, bhuail Karp le Peter Thiel . Chothaigh siad cairdeas bunaithe ar an bhfrustrachas a bhí orthu araon leis an scoil dlí agus ar an spéis mhór a bhí acu i ndíospóireachtaí polaitiúla. Chuimhnigh Thiel, "He was more the [[:en:Socialist|socialist]], I was more the [[:en:Capitalist|capitalist]]. He was always talking about [[:en:Marxist|Marxist]] theories of [[:en:Alienated_labor|alienated labor]] and how this was true of all the people around us." <ref name="thetimes">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|work=[[The Times]]|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20220621163414/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|archivedate=June 21, 2022}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFFortson2022">Fortson, Danny (May 21, 2022). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required">[https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6 "Palantir chief Alex Karp: War is here — you need a pariah on your side"]</span>. ''[[The Times]]''.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Teimpléad:Lua idirlín|cite news]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([[:Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service]]</ref> <ref name="nytmag">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/10/21/magazine/palantir-alex-karp.html|language=en-US|work=The New York Times}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSteinberger2020">Steinberger, Michael (October 21, 2020). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/10/21/magazine/palantir-alex-karp.html "Does Palantir See Too Much?"]. ''The New York Times''. [[International Standard Serial Number|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 11,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Dúirt Karp gur mhothaigh sé difriúil ag "every institution I interacted with".<ref name="thetimes2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|work=[[The Times]]|last=Fortson|first=Danny|date=May 21, 2022|title=Palantir chief Alex Karp: War is here — you need a pariah on your side|archive-url=https://archive.today/20220621163414/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|archive-date=June 21, 2022|url-status=live|url-access=subscription}}</ref>. <ref name="thetimes" /> Tar éis a chuid staidéir fochéime agus na scoile dlí, bhain Karp céim dochtúireachta (Ph.D.) amach sa teoiric shóisialta neo-chlasaiceach ó Ollscoil Goethe i Frankfurt na Gearmáine sa bhliain 2002 <ref name="bizjournals">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/bizjournals/news/2015/02/10/upstart100-alex-karp.html|title=Alexander Karp|work=Bizjournals|access-date=February 12, 2015}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.bizjournals.com/bizjournals/news/2015/02/10/upstart100-alex-karp.html "Alexander Karp"]. ''Bizjournals''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="Forbes">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/alexander-karp/|title=Forbes profile: Alexander Karp|work=Forbes|access-date=December 21, 2024}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.forbes.com/profile/alexander-karp/ "Forbes profile: Alexander Karp"]. ''Forbes''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> Ba é Thiel an t-aon duine amháin a thacaigh lena chinneadh tabhairt faoi dhochtúireacht i Frankfurt.. <ref name="DerSpiegel">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/unternehmen/palantir-michael-steinberger-ueber-ceo-alex-karp-und-das-missbrauchspotenzial-der-software-a-f0b280f9-8379-40c9-af4a-1affb41f2fcf|language=de|work=Der Spiegel|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20251027092649/https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/unternehmen/palantir-michael-steinberger-ueber-ceo-alex-karp-und-das-missbrauchspotenzial-der-software-a-f0b280f9-8379-40c9-af4a-1affb41f2fcf|archivedate=27 October 2025}}</ref> Is é an teideal a bhí ar a thráchtas dochtúireachta ná "Aggression in der Lebenswelt: Die Erweiterung des Parsonsschen Konzepts der Aggression durch die Beschreibung des Zusammenhangs von Jargon, Aggression und Kultur" . <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://scholar.googleusercontent.com/scholar?q=cache:U3k7myO6ACIJ:scholar.google.com/|title=Aggression in der Lebenswelt|author=Karp|first=Alex|work=scholar.googleusercontent.com|access-date=April 20, 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.boundary2.org/2020/07/moira-weigel-palantir-goes-to-the-frankfurt-school/|title=Moira Weigel — Palantir Goes to the Frankfurt School|date=2020-07-10|language=en-US|work=b2o: boundary 2 online|access-date=2025-06-03}}</ref> Dúirt Karola Brede leis go bhféadfadh sé an tráchtas a scríobh i mBéarla, ach d’fhreagair sé go raibh sé tábhachtach dó go bhféadfadh sé é a scríobh i nGearmáinis. <ref name=":12">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.handelszeitung.ch/unternehmen/alexander-karp-das-genie-hinter-palantir-1072462|language=de-CH|work=Handelszeitung}}</ref> Bhí cónaí air in Frankfurt ó lár na 1990idí go dtí 2001 agus smaoinigh sé ar fanacht go buan, ach ar deireadh shocraigh sé filleadh ar na Stáit Aontaithe le haghaidh oibre. <ref name=":12" /> <ref name=":11">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.theeuropean.de/politik/spd-lehnt-einsatz-einer-us-software-fuer-verbrechensbekaempfung-ab|language=de-DE|work=The European}}<cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFStock2025">Stock, Oliver (June 13, 2025). [https://www.theeuropean.de/politik/spd-lehnt-einsatz-einer-us-software-fuer-verbrechensbekaempfung-ab "SPD lehnt Einsatz einer US-Software für Verbrechensbekämpfung ab"]. ''The European'' (in German).</cite> [[Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)]]</ref> == Gairmréim == === Gairm ghnó === Chuir Karp tús lena ghairm bheatha mar chomhlach taighde ag Institiúid Sigmund Freud i [[Frankfurt]] . <ref name="thetimes">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|work=[[The Times]]|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20220621163414/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|archivedate=June 21, 2022}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFFortson2022">Fortson, Danny (May 21, 2022). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required">[https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6 "Palantir chief Alex Karp: War is here — you need a pariah on your side"]</span>. ''[[The Times]]''.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Teimpléad:Lua idirlín|cite news]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([[:Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service]]</ref> Fuair sé oidhreacht de $12,000 óna sheanathair ar thaobh a athar, agus leis an airgead sin bhunaigh sé gnólacht bainistíochta airgid Caedmon Group a bhí lonnaithe i Londain. {{Sfn|Steinberger|2025}} Tar éis dó éirí go maith ar an stocmhargadh, d’infheistigh roinnt daoine Eorpacha a raibh glanfhiúchas ard acu ina chomhlacht. <ref name="forbes2013">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/08/14/agent-of-intelligence-how-a-deviant-philosopher-built-palantir-a-cia-funded-data-mining-juggernaut/|work=Forbes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114061534/https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/08/14/agent-of-intelligence-how-a-deviant-philosopher-built-palantir-a-cia-funded-data-mining-juggernaut/|archivedate=January 14, 2024}}</ref> {{Sfn|Steinberger|2025}} Mhaígh Karp níos déanaí gurbh é a sprioc ag an am ná $250,000 a bhailiú le go bhfillfeadh sé ar Bheirlín le léamh agus scríobh mar dhileatant, cé nár mhínigh sé conas a bhí sé indéanta "a London-based money management firm" a thógáil a mheallfadh "high net-worth investors"" le $12,000. {{Sfn|Steinberger|2025}} Ar feadh tamaill, chuidigh sé le Thiel maoiniú a bhailiú do Clarium Capital . {{Sfn|Steinberger|2025}} Sa bhliain 2004, i gcomhar le Thiel agus daoine eile, bhunaigh Karp [[Palantir Technologies]], agus é a bheith ina POF air. <ref name="forbes2013">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/08/14/agent-of-intelligence-how-a-deviant-philosopher-built-palantir-a-cia-funded-data-mining-juggernaut/|work=Forbes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114061534/https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/08/14/agent-of-intelligence-how-a-deviant-philosopher-built-palantir-a-cia-funded-data-mining-juggernaut/|archivedate=January 14, 2024}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFGreenberg2013">Greenberg, Andy (August 13, 2013). [https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/08/14/agent-of-intelligence-how-a-deviant-philosopher-built-palantir-a-cia-funded-data-mining-juggernaut/ "How A 'Deviant' Philosopher Built Palantir, A CIA-Funded Data-Mining Juggernaut"]. ''Forbes''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240114061534/https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/08/14/agent-of-intelligence-how-a-deviant-philosopher-built-palantir-a-cia-funded-data-mining-juggernaut/ Archived] from the original on January 14, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 12,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/palantir-ceo-alex-karp-bio-life-career-family-education-2020-7|title=The life and career of Alex Karp, the billionaire CEO who's taking Palantir public in what could be one of the biggest tech IPOs of the year|author=Hartmans|first=Avery|work=Business Insider|access-date=July 26, 2020}}</ref> [[Catagóir:Alumni Ollscoil Stanford]] [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1967]] 9sxn5w94htsyk75ix0cm6moss37fo2x 1322723 1322722 2026-08-05T19:24:53Z Ériugena 188 1322723 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}} Is billiúnaí agus fiontraí Meiriceánach é '''Alexander Caedmon Karp''' (rugadh 2 Deireadh Fómhair, 1967). Is é comhbhunaitheoir agus [[Príomhoifigeach feidhmiúcháin|POF]] na cuideachta bogearraí [[Palantir Technologies]] é. Bhain Karp céim JD amach ó Scoil Dlí Stanford agus dochtúireacht sa teoiric shóisialta ó Ollscoil Goethe Frankfurt . Ina dhiaidh sin, d'oibrigh sé i gcúrsaí airgeadais, ag bunú an ghnólachta infheistíochta Caedmon Group, áit ar bhainistigh sé airgead do chliaint lena n-áirítear infheisteoirí saibhre Eorpacha agus d'infheistigh sé i gcuideachtaí nua'''thionscanta''' agus i scaireanna. Ag Stanford, bhuail sé le Peter Thiel agus sa bhliain 2003, bhunaigh siad [[Palantir Technologies|Palantir]] i gcomhar le triúr eile. Sa bhliain 2025, sháraigh a ghlanfhiúchas $18 billiún, rud a fhágann go raibh sé i measc an 200 duine is saibhre ar domhan mar a thuairiscigh ''[[Forbes]]'' agus ''<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloomberg_Billionaires_Index" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="Bloomberg Billionaires Index" class="cx-link" data-linkid="78">Bloomberg Billionaires Index</a>, agus d'ainmnigh iris Time'' é ar liosta Time 100 de na daoine is mó tionchar ar domhan na bliana sin. == Luathshaol agus oideachas == Rugadh Alasdair Caedmon Karp ar 2 Deireadh Fómhair, 1967 <ref name="CNBC">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2014/10/06/alex-karp.html|title=Alex Karp|date=October 6, 2014|work=CNBC|access-date=July 8, 2016}}</ref> <ref name="thetimes" /> i gCathair Nua-Eabhrac, <ref name="thetimes">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|work=[[The Times]]|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20220621163414/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|archivedate=June 21, 2022}}</ref> an mac ba shine le Robert Joseph Karp, [[Péidiatraic|péidiatraí]] cliniciúil, agus Leah Jaynes Karp, ealaíontóir [[Meiriceánaigh Afracacha|Meiriceánach Afracach]] . <ref name=":10">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.ft.com/content/8ea36422-2f65-4a14-93be-b7b4d38362e3|work=Financial Times}}</ref> <ref name="nytmag">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/10/21/magazine/palantir-alex-karp.html|language=en-US|work=The New York Times}}</ref> D'fhás sé aníos lena dheartháir níos óige, Oliver "Ben" Karp, i [[Filideilfia, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia]] . <ref name=":8">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/17/style/alex-karp-palantir.html|language=en-US|work=The New York Times}}</ref> Cosúil lena athair, d’fhreastail Karp ar Central High School i Philadelphia, agus bhain sé céim amach sa bhliain 1985. <ref name=":10">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.ft.com/content/8ea36422-2f65-4a14-93be-b7b4d38362e3|work=Financial Times}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWaters2020">Waters, Richard (October 2, 2020). [https://www.ft.com/content/8ea36422-2f65-4a14-93be-b7b4d38362e3 "Alex Karp, unconventional purveyor of powerful surveillance tools"]. ''Financial Times''.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.classmates.com/yearbooks/Central-High-School/185253?page=205|title=Classmates|access-date=December 30, 2016}}</ref> Dúirt sé go raibh sé ag streachailt le [[disléicse]] ó aois óg. <ref name="nytmag">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/10/21/magazine/palantir-alex-karp.html|language=en-US|work=The New York Times}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSteinberger2020">Steinberger, Michael (October 21, 2020). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/10/21/magazine/palantir-alex-karp.html "Does Palantir See Too Much?"]. ''The New York Times''. [[International Standard Serial Number|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 11,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Bhí tionchar ag gníomhaíocht a thuismitheoirí ar son cearta sibhialta agus [[Ceartas sóisialta|cearta sóisialta]] air le linn a óige agus chuaigh sé chuig go leor agóidí. <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://quartr.com/insights/business-philosophy/alex-karp-the-unconventional-tech-visionary|title=Alex Karp: The Unconventional Tech Visionary|date=2025-04-22|language=en|work=quartr.com|access-date=2025-06-03}}</ref> <ref name="thetimes">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|work=[[The Times]]|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20220621163414/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|archivedate=June 21, 2022}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFFortson2022">Fortson, Danny (May 21, 2022). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required">[https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6 "Palantir chief Alex Karp: War is here — you need a pariah on your side"]</span>. ''[[The Times]]''.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Teimpléad:Lua idirlín|cite news]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([[:Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service]]</ref> Dúirt sé gurbh é an rud a fuair sé ó thaobh a mháthar ná "a strong affinity to fighting discrimination". <ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.ft.com/content/8ea36422-2f65-4a14-93be-b7b4d38362e3|work=www.ft.com|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20201002190058/https://www.ft.com/content/8ea36422-2f65-4a14-93be-b7b4d38362e3|archivedate=2 October 2020}}</ref> Dúirt Karp; "some black people considered me black while some did not", agus dúirt sé, "I view me as me. And I'm very honored to be honored by all groups that will have me." <ref name=":8">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/17/style/alex-karp-palantir.html|language=en-US|work=The New York Times}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFDowd2024">Dowd, Maureen (August 17, 2024). [https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/17/style/alex-karp-palantir.html "Alex Karp Has Money and Power. So What Does He Want?"]. ''The New York Times''. [[International Standard Serial Number|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 6,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Is as an nGearmáin a thagann sinsearacht Karp le déanaí ar thaobh athar an teaghlaigh. <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.weforum.org/podcasts/meet-the-leader/episodes/palantir-alex-karp-saying-yes-thinking-differently/#:~:text=Alex%20Karp:%20Wel|title=Davos 2023: A conversation with Palantir's Alex Karp}}</ref> Dúirt sé gur bheag an meas a bhí aige, sula ndeachaigh sé go dtí an Ghearmáin, ar an tionchar Gearmánach a bhí ar a thógáil. <ref name=":11">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.theeuropean.de/politik/spd-lehnt-einsatz-einer-us-software-fuer-verbrechensbekaempfung-ab|language=de-DE|work=The European}}</ref> Bhí Karp ag iarraidh a bheith ina theoiricí sóisialta ar dtús. <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://washingtonmonthly.com/2025/03/23/a-tech-billionaire-attacks-his-own-kind/|title=A Tech Billionaire Attacks His Own Kind|author=Lowman|first=Kainoa|date=2025-03-23|language=en-US|work=Washington Monthly|access-date=2025-06-03}}</ref> Bhain sé céim bhaitsiléara amach sa fhealsúnacht ó Choláiste Haverford in Haverford, Pennsylvania, i 1989, agus ansin chláraigh sé i Scoil Dlí Stanford, áit ar bhain sé JD amach i 1992. <ref name="bizjournals">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/bizjournals/news/2015/02/10/upstart100-alex-karp.html|title=Alexander Karp|work=Bizjournals|access-date=February 12, 2015}}</ref> <ref name="Forbes">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/alexander-karp/|title=Forbes profile: Alexander Karp|work=Forbes|access-date=December 21, 2024}}</ref> Agus é i Stanford, bhuail Karp le Peter Thiel . Chothaigh siad cairdeas bunaithe ar an bhfrustrachas a bhí orthu araon leis an scoil dlí agus ar an spéis mhór a bhí acu i ndíospóireachtaí polaitiúla. Chuimhnigh Thiel, "He was more the [[:en:Socialist|socialist]], I was more the [[:en:Capitalist|capitalist]]. He was always talking about [[:en:Marxist|Marxist]] theories of [[:en:Alienated_labor|alienated labor]] and how this was true of all the people around us." <ref name="thetimes">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|work=[[The Times]]|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20220621163414/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|archivedate=June 21, 2022}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFFortson2022">Fortson, Danny (May 21, 2022). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required">[https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6 "Palantir chief Alex Karp: War is here — you need a pariah on your side"]</span>. ''[[The Times]]''.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Teimpléad:Lua idirlín|cite news]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([[:Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service]]</ref> <ref name="nytmag">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/10/21/magazine/palantir-alex-karp.html|language=en-US|work=The New York Times}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSteinberger2020">Steinberger, Michael (October 21, 2020). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/10/21/magazine/palantir-alex-karp.html "Does Palantir See Too Much?"]. ''The New York Times''. [[International Standard Serial Number|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 11,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Dúirt Karp gur mhothaigh sé difriúil ag "every institution I interacted with".<ref name="thetimes2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|work=[[The Times]]|last=Fortson|first=Danny|date=May 21, 2022|title=Palantir chief Alex Karp: War is here — you need a pariah on your side|archive-url=https://archive.today/20220621163414/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|archive-date=June 21, 2022|url-status=live|url-access=subscription}}</ref>. <ref name="thetimes" /> Tar éis a chuid staidéir fochéime agus na scoile dlí, bhain Karp céim dochtúireachta (Ph.D.) amach sa teoiric shóisialta neo-chlasaiceach ó Ollscoil Goethe i Frankfurt na Gearmáine sa bhliain 2002 <ref name="bizjournals">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/bizjournals/news/2015/02/10/upstart100-alex-karp.html|title=Alexander Karp|work=Bizjournals|access-date=February 12, 2015}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.bizjournals.com/bizjournals/news/2015/02/10/upstart100-alex-karp.html "Alexander Karp"]. ''Bizjournals''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="Forbes">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/alexander-karp/|title=Forbes profile: Alexander Karp|work=Forbes|access-date=December 21, 2024}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.forbes.com/profile/alexander-karp/ "Forbes profile: Alexander Karp"]. ''Forbes''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> Ba é Thiel an t-aon duine amháin a thacaigh lena chinneadh tabhairt faoi dhochtúireacht i Frankfurt.. <ref name="DerSpiegel">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/unternehmen/palantir-michael-steinberger-ueber-ceo-alex-karp-und-das-missbrauchspotenzial-der-software-a-f0b280f9-8379-40c9-af4a-1affb41f2fcf|language=de|work=Der Spiegel|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20251027092649/https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/unternehmen/palantir-michael-steinberger-ueber-ceo-alex-karp-und-das-missbrauchspotenzial-der-software-a-f0b280f9-8379-40c9-af4a-1affb41f2fcf|archivedate=27 October 2025}}</ref> Is é an teideal a bhí ar a thráchtas dochtúireachta ná "Aggression in der Lebenswelt: Die Erweiterung des Parsonsschen Konzepts der Aggression durch die Beschreibung des Zusammenhangs von Jargon, Aggression und Kultur" . <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://scholar.googleusercontent.com/scholar?q=cache:U3k7myO6ACIJ:scholar.google.com/|title=Aggression in der Lebenswelt|author=Karp|first=Alex|work=scholar.googleusercontent.com|access-date=April 20, 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.boundary2.org/2020/07/moira-weigel-palantir-goes-to-the-frankfurt-school/|title=Moira Weigel — Palantir Goes to the Frankfurt School|date=2020-07-10|language=en-US|work=b2o: boundary 2 online|access-date=2025-06-03}}</ref> Dúirt Karola Brede leis go bhféadfadh sé an tráchtas a scríobh i mBéarla, ach d’fhreagair sé go raibh sé tábhachtach dó go bhféadfadh sé é a scríobh i nGearmáinis. <ref name=":12">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.handelszeitung.ch/unternehmen/alexander-karp-das-genie-hinter-palantir-1072462|language=de-CH|work=Handelszeitung}}</ref> Bhí cónaí air in Frankfurt ó lár na 1990idí go dtí 2001 agus smaoinigh sé ar fanacht go buan, ach ar deireadh shocraigh sé filleadh ar na Stáit Aontaithe le haghaidh oibre. <ref name=":12" /> <ref name=":11">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.theeuropean.de/politik/spd-lehnt-einsatz-einer-us-software-fuer-verbrechensbekaempfung-ab|language=de-DE|work=The European}}<cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFStock2025">Stock, Oliver (June 13, 2025). [https://www.theeuropean.de/politik/spd-lehnt-einsatz-einer-us-software-fuer-verbrechensbekaempfung-ab "SPD lehnt Einsatz einer US-Software für Verbrechensbekämpfung ab"]. ''The European'' (in German).</cite> [[Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)]]</ref> == Gairmréim == === Gairm ghnó === Chuir Karp tús lena ghairm bheatha mar chomhlach taighde ag Institiúid Sigmund Freud i [[Frankfurt]] . <ref name="thetimes">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|work=[[The Times]]|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20220621163414/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|archivedate=June 21, 2022}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFFortson2022">Fortson, Danny (May 21, 2022). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required">[https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6 "Palantir chief Alex Karp: War is here — you need a pariah on your side"]</span>. ''[[The Times]]''.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Teimpléad:Lua idirlín|cite news]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([[:Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service]]</ref> Fuair sé oidhreacht de $12,000 óna sheanathair ar thaobh a athar, agus leis an airgead sin bhunaigh sé gnólacht bainistíochta airgid Caedmon Group a bhí lonnaithe i Londain. {{Sfn|Steinberger|2025}} Tar éis dó éirí go maith ar an stocmhargadh, d’infheistigh roinnt daoine Eorpacha a raibh glanfhiúchas ard acu ina chomhlacht. <ref name="forbes2013">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/08/14/agent-of-intelligence-how-a-deviant-philosopher-built-palantir-a-cia-funded-data-mining-juggernaut/|work=Forbes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114061534/https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/08/14/agent-of-intelligence-how-a-deviant-philosopher-built-palantir-a-cia-funded-data-mining-juggernaut/|archivedate=January 14, 2024}}</ref> {{Sfn|Steinberger|2025}} Mhaígh Karp níos déanaí gurbh é a sprioc ag an am ná $250,000 a bhailiú le go bhfillfeadh sé ar Bheirlín le léamh agus scríobh mar dhileatant, cé nár mhínigh sé conas a bhí sé indéanta "a London-based money management firm" a thógáil a mheallfadh "high net-worth investors"" le $12,000. {{Sfn|Steinberger|2025}} Ar feadh tamaill, chuidigh sé le Thiel maoiniú a bhailiú do Clarium Capital . {{Sfn|Steinberger|2025}} Sa bhliain 2004, i gcomhar le Thiel agus daoine eile, bhunaigh Karp [[Palantir Technologies]], agus é a bheith ina POF air. <ref name="forbes2013">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/08/14/agent-of-intelligence-how-a-deviant-philosopher-built-palantir-a-cia-funded-data-mining-juggernaut/|work=Forbes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114061534/https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/08/14/agent-of-intelligence-how-a-deviant-philosopher-built-palantir-a-cia-funded-data-mining-juggernaut/|archivedate=January 14, 2024}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFGreenberg2013">Greenberg, Andy (August 13, 2013). [https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/08/14/agent-of-intelligence-how-a-deviant-philosopher-built-palantir-a-cia-funded-data-mining-juggernaut/ "How A 'Deviant' Philosopher Built Palantir, A CIA-Funded Data-Mining Juggernaut"]. ''Forbes''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240114061534/https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/08/14/agent-of-intelligence-how-a-deviant-philosopher-built-palantir-a-cia-funded-data-mining-juggernaut/ Archived] from the original on January 14, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 12,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/palantir-ceo-alex-karp-bio-life-career-family-education-2020-7|title=The life and career of Alex Karp, the billionaire CEO who's taking Palantir public in what could be one of the biggest tech IPOs of the year|author=Hartmans|first=Avery|work=Business Insider|access-date=July 26, 2020}}</ref> ==Tagairtí== [[Catagóir:Alumni Ollscoil Stanford]] [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1967]] im6h2qio4gh0p983hdhuz86mniwlw2u 1322724 1322723 2026-08-05T19:27:54Z Ériugena 188 1322724 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}} Is billiúnaí agus fiontraí Meiriceánach é '''Alexander Caedmon Karp''' (rugadh 2 Deireadh Fómhair, 1967). Is é comhbhunaitheoir agus [[Príomhoifigeach feidhmiúcháin|POF]] na cuideachta bogearraí [[Palantir Technologies]] é. Bhain Karp céim JD amach ó Scoil Dlí Stanford agus dochtúireacht sa teoiric shóisialta ó Ollscoil Goethe Frankfurt . Ina dhiaidh sin, d'oibrigh sé i gcúrsaí airgeadais, ag bunú an ghnólachta infheistíochta Caedmon Group, áit ar bhainistigh sé airgead do chliaint lena n-áirítear infheisteoirí saibhre Eorpacha agus d'infheistigh sé i gcuideachtaí nua'''thionscanta''' agus i scaireanna. Ag Stanford, bhuail sé le Peter Thiel agus sa bhliain 2003, bhunaigh siad [[Palantir Technologies|Palantir]] i gcomhar le triúr eile. Sa bhliain 2025, sháraigh a ghlanfhiúchas $18 billiún, rud a fhágann go raibh sé i measc an 200 duine is saibhre ar domhan mar a thuairiscigh ''[[Forbes]]'' agus an ''Bloomberg Billionaires Index, agus d'ainmnigh an iris Time'' é ar liosta 'Time 100' de na daoine is mó tionchar ar domhan na bliana sin. == Luathshaol agus oideachas == Rugadh Alasdair Caedmon Karp ar 2 Deireadh Fómhair, 1967 <ref name="CNBC">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2014/10/06/alex-karp.html|title=Alex Karp|date=October 6, 2014|work=CNBC|access-date=July 8, 2016}}</ref> <ref name="thetimes" /> i gCathair Nua-Eabhrac, <ref name="thetimes">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|work=[[The Times]]|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20220621163414/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|archivedate=June 21, 2022}}</ref> an mac ba shine le Robert Joseph Karp, [[Péidiatraic|péidiatraí]] cliniciúil, agus Leah Jaynes Karp, ealaíontóir [[Meiriceánaigh Afracacha|Meiriceánach Afracach]] . <ref name=":10">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.ft.com/content/8ea36422-2f65-4a14-93be-b7b4d38362e3|work=Financial Times}}</ref> <ref name="nytmag">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/10/21/magazine/palantir-alex-karp.html|language=en-US|work=The New York Times}}</ref> D'fhás sé aníos lena dheartháir níos óige, Oliver "Ben" Karp, i [[Filideilfia, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia]] . <ref name=":8">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/17/style/alex-karp-palantir.html|language=en-US|work=The New York Times}}</ref> Cosúil lena athair, d’fhreastail Karp ar Central High School i Philadelphia, agus bhain sé céim amach sa bhliain 1985. <ref name=":10">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.ft.com/content/8ea36422-2f65-4a14-93be-b7b4d38362e3|work=Financial Times}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWaters2020">Waters, Richard (October 2, 2020). [https://www.ft.com/content/8ea36422-2f65-4a14-93be-b7b4d38362e3 "Alex Karp, unconventional purveyor of powerful surveillance tools"]. ''Financial Times''.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.classmates.com/yearbooks/Central-High-School/185253?page=205|title=Classmates|access-date=December 30, 2016}}</ref> Dúirt sé go raibh sé ag streachailt le [[disléicse]] ó aois óg. <ref name="nytmag">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/10/21/magazine/palantir-alex-karp.html|language=en-US|work=The New York Times}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSteinberger2020">Steinberger, Michael (October 21, 2020). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/10/21/magazine/palantir-alex-karp.html "Does Palantir See Too Much?"]. ''The New York Times''. [[International Standard Serial Number|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 11,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Bhí tionchar ag gníomhaíocht a thuismitheoirí ar son cearta sibhialta agus [[Ceartas sóisialta|cearta sóisialta]] air le linn a óige agus chuaigh sé chuig go leor agóidí. <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://quartr.com/insights/business-philosophy/alex-karp-the-unconventional-tech-visionary|title=Alex Karp: The Unconventional Tech Visionary|date=2025-04-22|language=en|work=quartr.com|access-date=2025-06-03}}</ref> <ref name="thetimes">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|work=[[The Times]]|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20220621163414/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|archivedate=June 21, 2022}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFFortson2022">Fortson, Danny (May 21, 2022). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required">[https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6 "Palantir chief Alex Karp: War is here — you need a pariah on your side"]</span>. ''[[The Times]]''.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Teimpléad:Lua idirlín|cite news]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([[:Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service]]</ref> Dúirt sé gurbh é an rud a fuair sé ó thaobh a mháthar ná "a strong affinity to fighting discrimination". <ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.ft.com/content/8ea36422-2f65-4a14-93be-b7b4d38362e3|work=www.ft.com|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20201002190058/https://www.ft.com/content/8ea36422-2f65-4a14-93be-b7b4d38362e3|archivedate=2 October 2020}}</ref> Dúirt Karp; "some black people considered me black while some did not", agus dúirt sé, "I view me as me. And I'm very honored to be honored by all groups that will have me." <ref name=":8">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/17/style/alex-karp-palantir.html|language=en-US|work=The New York Times}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFDowd2024">Dowd, Maureen (August 17, 2024). [https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/17/style/alex-karp-palantir.html "Alex Karp Has Money and Power. So What Does He Want?"]. ''The New York Times''. [[International Standard Serial Number|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 6,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Is as an nGearmáin a thagann sinsearacht Karp le déanaí ar thaobh athar an teaghlaigh. <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.weforum.org/podcasts/meet-the-leader/episodes/palantir-alex-karp-saying-yes-thinking-differently/#:~:text=Alex%20Karp:%20Wel|title=Davos 2023: A conversation with Palantir's Alex Karp}}</ref> Dúirt sé gur bheag an meas a bhí aige, sula ndeachaigh sé go dtí an Ghearmáin, ar an tionchar Gearmánach a bhí ar a thógáil. <ref name=":11">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.theeuropean.de/politik/spd-lehnt-einsatz-einer-us-software-fuer-verbrechensbekaempfung-ab|language=de-DE|work=The European}}</ref> Bhí Karp ag iarraidh a bheith ina theoiricí sóisialta ar dtús. <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://washingtonmonthly.com/2025/03/23/a-tech-billionaire-attacks-his-own-kind/|title=A Tech Billionaire Attacks His Own Kind|author=Lowman|first=Kainoa|date=2025-03-23|language=en-US|work=Washington Monthly|access-date=2025-06-03}}</ref> Bhain sé céim bhaitsiléara amach sa fhealsúnacht ó Choláiste Haverford in Haverford, Pennsylvania, i 1989, agus ansin chláraigh sé i Scoil Dlí Stanford, áit ar bhain sé JD amach i 1992. <ref name="bizjournals">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/bizjournals/news/2015/02/10/upstart100-alex-karp.html|title=Alexander Karp|work=Bizjournals|access-date=February 12, 2015}}</ref> <ref name="Forbes">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/alexander-karp/|title=Forbes profile: Alexander Karp|work=Forbes|access-date=December 21, 2024}}</ref> Agus é i Stanford, bhuail Karp le Peter Thiel . Chothaigh siad cairdeas bunaithe ar an bhfrustrachas a bhí orthu araon leis an scoil dlí agus ar an spéis mhór a bhí acu i ndíospóireachtaí polaitiúla. Chuimhnigh Thiel, "He was more the [[:en:Socialist|socialist]], I was more the [[:en:Capitalist|capitalist]]. He was always talking about [[:en:Marxist|Marxist]] theories of [[:en:Alienated_labor|alienated labor]] and how this was true of all the people around us." <ref name="thetimes">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|work=[[The Times]]|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20220621163414/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|archivedate=June 21, 2022}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFFortson2022">Fortson, Danny (May 21, 2022). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required">[https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6 "Palantir chief Alex Karp: War is here — you need a pariah on your side"]</span>. ''[[The Times]]''.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Teimpléad:Lua idirlín|cite news]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([[:Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service]]</ref> <ref name="nytmag">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/10/21/magazine/palantir-alex-karp.html|language=en-US|work=The New York Times}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSteinberger2020">Steinberger, Michael (October 21, 2020). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/10/21/magazine/palantir-alex-karp.html "Does Palantir See Too Much?"]. ''The New York Times''. [[International Standard Serial Number|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 11,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Dúirt Karp gur mhothaigh sé difriúil ag "every institution I interacted with".<ref name="thetimes2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|work=[[The Times]]|last=Fortson|first=Danny|date=May 21, 2022|title=Palantir chief Alex Karp: War is here — you need a pariah on your side|archive-url=https://archive.today/20220621163414/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|archive-date=June 21, 2022|url-status=live|url-access=subscription}}</ref>. <ref name="thetimes" /> Tar éis a chuid staidéir fochéime agus na scoile dlí, bhain Karp céim dochtúireachta (Ph.D.) amach sa teoiric shóisialta neo-chlasaiceach ó Ollscoil Goethe i Frankfurt na Gearmáine sa bhliain 2002 <ref name="bizjournals">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/bizjournals/news/2015/02/10/upstart100-alex-karp.html|title=Alexander Karp|work=Bizjournals|access-date=February 12, 2015}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.bizjournals.com/bizjournals/news/2015/02/10/upstart100-alex-karp.html "Alexander Karp"]. ''Bizjournals''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="Forbes">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/alexander-karp/|title=Forbes profile: Alexander Karp|work=Forbes|access-date=December 21, 2024}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.forbes.com/profile/alexander-karp/ "Forbes profile: Alexander Karp"]. ''Forbes''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> Ba é Thiel an t-aon duine amháin a thacaigh lena chinneadh tabhairt faoi dhochtúireacht i Frankfurt.. <ref name="DerSpiegel">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/unternehmen/palantir-michael-steinberger-ueber-ceo-alex-karp-und-das-missbrauchspotenzial-der-software-a-f0b280f9-8379-40c9-af4a-1affb41f2fcf|language=de|work=Der Spiegel|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20251027092649/https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/unternehmen/palantir-michael-steinberger-ueber-ceo-alex-karp-und-das-missbrauchspotenzial-der-software-a-f0b280f9-8379-40c9-af4a-1affb41f2fcf|archivedate=27 October 2025}}</ref> Is é an teideal a bhí ar a thráchtas dochtúireachta ná "Aggression in der Lebenswelt: Die Erweiterung des Parsonsschen Konzepts der Aggression durch die Beschreibung des Zusammenhangs von Jargon, Aggression und Kultur" . <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://scholar.googleusercontent.com/scholar?q=cache:U3k7myO6ACIJ:scholar.google.com/|title=Aggression in der Lebenswelt|author=Karp|first=Alex|work=scholar.googleusercontent.com|access-date=April 20, 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.boundary2.org/2020/07/moira-weigel-palantir-goes-to-the-frankfurt-school/|title=Moira Weigel — Palantir Goes to the Frankfurt School|date=2020-07-10|language=en-US|work=b2o: boundary 2 online|access-date=2025-06-03}}</ref> Dúirt Karola Brede leis go bhféadfadh sé an tráchtas a scríobh i mBéarla, ach d’fhreagair sé go raibh sé tábhachtach dó go bhféadfadh sé é a scríobh i nGearmáinis. <ref name=":12">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.handelszeitung.ch/unternehmen/alexander-karp-das-genie-hinter-palantir-1072462|language=de-CH|work=Handelszeitung}}</ref> Bhí cónaí air in Frankfurt ó lár na 1990idí go dtí 2001 agus smaoinigh sé ar fanacht go buan, ach ar deireadh shocraigh sé filleadh ar na Stáit Aontaithe le haghaidh oibre. <ref name=":12" /> <ref name=":11">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.theeuropean.de/politik/spd-lehnt-einsatz-einer-us-software-fuer-verbrechensbekaempfung-ab|language=de-DE|work=The European}}<cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFStock2025">Stock, Oliver (June 13, 2025). [https://www.theeuropean.de/politik/spd-lehnt-einsatz-einer-us-software-fuer-verbrechensbekaempfung-ab "SPD lehnt Einsatz einer US-Software für Verbrechensbekämpfung ab"]. ''The European'' (in German).</cite> [[Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)]]</ref> == Gairmréim == === Gairm ghnó === Chuir Karp tús lena ghairm bheatha mar chomhlach taighde ag Institiúid Sigmund Freud i [[Frankfurt]] . <ref name="thetimes">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|work=[[The Times]]|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20220621163414/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6|archivedate=June 21, 2022}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFFortson2022">Fortson, Danny (May 21, 2022). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required">[https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/article/palantir-chief-alex-karp-war-is-here-you-need-a-pariah-on-your-side-vmvj75tx6 "Palantir chief Alex Karp: War is here — you need a pariah on your side"]</span>. ''[[The Times]]''.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Teimpléad:Lua idirlín|cite news]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([[:Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service]]</ref> Fuair sé oidhreacht de $12,000 óna sheanathair ar thaobh a athar, agus leis an airgead sin bhunaigh sé gnólacht bainistíochta airgid Caedmon Group a bhí lonnaithe i Londain. {{Sfn|Steinberger|2025}} Tar éis dó éirí go maith ar an stocmhargadh, d’infheistigh roinnt daoine Eorpacha a raibh glanfhiúchas ard acu ina chomhlacht. <ref name="forbes2013">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/08/14/agent-of-intelligence-how-a-deviant-philosopher-built-palantir-a-cia-funded-data-mining-juggernaut/|work=Forbes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114061534/https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/08/14/agent-of-intelligence-how-a-deviant-philosopher-built-palantir-a-cia-funded-data-mining-juggernaut/|archivedate=January 14, 2024}}</ref> {{Sfn|Steinberger|2025}} Mhaígh Karp níos déanaí gurbh é a sprioc ag an am ná $250,000 a bhailiú le go bhfillfeadh sé ar Bheirlín le léamh agus scríobh mar dhileatant, cé nár mhínigh sé conas a bhí sé indéanta "a London-based money management firm" a thógáil a mheallfadh "high net-worth investors"" le $12,000. {{Sfn|Steinberger|2025}} Ar feadh tamaill, chuidigh sé le Thiel maoiniú a bhailiú do Clarium Capital . {{Sfn|Steinberger|2025}} Sa bhliain 2004, i gcomhar le Thiel agus daoine eile, bhunaigh Karp [[Palantir Technologies]], agus é a bheith ina POF air. <ref name="forbes2013">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/08/14/agent-of-intelligence-how-a-deviant-philosopher-built-palantir-a-cia-funded-data-mining-juggernaut/|work=Forbes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114061534/https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/08/14/agent-of-intelligence-how-a-deviant-philosopher-built-palantir-a-cia-funded-data-mining-juggernaut/|archivedate=January 14, 2024}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFGreenberg2013">Greenberg, Andy (August 13, 2013). [https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/08/14/agent-of-intelligence-how-a-deviant-philosopher-built-palantir-a-cia-funded-data-mining-juggernaut/ "How A 'Deviant' Philosopher Built Palantir, A CIA-Funded Data-Mining Juggernaut"]. ''Forbes''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240114061534/https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/08/14/agent-of-intelligence-how-a-deviant-philosopher-built-palantir-a-cia-funded-data-mining-juggernaut/ Archived] from the original on January 14, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 12,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/palantir-ceo-alex-karp-bio-life-career-family-education-2020-7|title=The life and career of Alex Karp, the billionaire CEO who's taking Palantir public in what could be one of the biggest tech IPOs of the year|author=Hartmans|first=Avery|work=Business Insider|access-date=July 26, 2020}}</ref> ==Tagairtí== [[Catagóir:Alumni Ollscoil Stanford]] [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1967]] qies2vyb9ddqgclclnjzbzgub1lgsey 0 127292 1322725 2026-08-05T19:47:08Z Ériugena 188 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1143530221|Nocticola]]" 1322725 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Íomhá:Nocticola_gonzalezi_(10.3897-subtbiol.19.9804)_Figure_1.jpg|mion| Léaráid]] s géineas é Nocticola de chuid na gciaróg dubh, sa fhine Nocticolidae atá le fáil san Afraic, in oirdheisceart na hÁise agus san Astráil. Tá Nocticola éagsúil ó gach ciaróg dhubh eile sa mhéid is nach bhfuil siad ionfhabhtaithe le ''[[:en:Blattabacterium_cuenoti|Blattabacterium cuenoti]]''. Fágann sin gurb iad an t-aon ghéineas amháin i [[Blatóg choiteann|Blattodea]] nach bhfuil an baictéar acu. == Speicis == Tá 25 speiceas ar eolas faoi láthair: * ''[[Nocticola adebratti]]'' * ''[[Nocticola australiensis]]'' * ''[[Nocticola babindaensis]]'' * ''[[Nocticola bolivari]]'' * ''[[Nocticola brooksi]]'' * ''[[Nocticola caeca]]'' * ''[[Nocticola clavata]]'' * ''[[Nocticola cockingi]]'' <ref name=":0">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=TROTTER|first=ANDREW J.|date=2017-04-04|title=Speciation in fractured rock landforms: towards understanding the diversity of subterranean cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Nocticolidae: Nocticola) in Western Australia|journal=Zootaxa|language=en|volume=4250|issue=2|pages=143–170|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4250.2.2|pmid=28610024|issn=1175-5334}}</ref> * ''[[Nocticola currani]]'' <ref name=":0" /> * ''[[Nocticola decaryi]]'' * ''[[Nocticola flabella]]'' * ''Nocticola gerlachi'' : Cockroach Gerlach ( [[Speiceas i mbaol|i mbaol]] ) * ''[[Nocticola gonzalezi]]'' <ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Lucanas|first=Cristian C.|date=2016-09-28|title=Cockroaches (Insecta, Blattodea) from caves of Polillo Island (Philippines), with description of a new species|journal=Subterranean Biology|language=en|volume=19|pages=51–64|doi=10.3897/subtbiol.19.9804|issn=1314-2615}}</ref> * ''[[Nocticola jodarlingtonae]]'' * ''[[Nocticola leleupi]]'' * ''Nocticola pheromosa'' * ''[[Nocticola quartermainei]]'' <ref name=":0" /> * ''[[Nocticola remyi]]'' * ''[[Nocticola rohini]]'' * ''[[Nocticola scytala]]'' * ''[[Nocticola simoni]]'' * ''[[Nocticola sinensis]]'' * ''[[Nocticola termitophila]]'' * ''[[Nocticola uenoi]]'' * ''[[Nocticola wliensis]]'' == Tagairtí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist|refs=<ref name="COL">{{cite web |url=http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/nocticola/match/1 |title=Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist |accessdate=24 September 2012 |author=Roskov Y. |author2=Kunze T. |author3=Orrell T. |author4=Abucay L. |author5=Paglinawan L. |author6=Culham A. |author7=Bailly N. |author8=Kirk P. |author9=Bourgoin T. |author10=Baillargeon G. |author11=Decock W. |author12=De Wever A. |editor=Didžiulis V. |year=2011 |publisher=Species 2000: Reading, UK}}</ref>}} 769hhzfsosozoh1bssvwwpudyjpxe2k 1322726 1322725 2026-08-05T19:52:13Z Ériugena 188 1322726 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Teideal iodálach}} {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[Íomhá:Nocticola_gonzalezi_(10.3897-subtbiol.19.9804)_Figure_1.jpg|mion| Léaráid]] Is géineas é Nocticola de chuid na gciaróg dubh, sa fhine Nocticolidae atá le fáil san Afraic, in oirdheisceart na hÁise agus san Astráil. Tá Nocticola éagsúil ó gach ciaróg dhubh eile sa mhéid is nach bhfuil siad ionfhabhtaithe le ''[[:en:Blattabacterium_cuenoti|Blattabacterium cuenoti]]''. Fágann sin gurb iad an t-aon ghéineas amháin i [[Blatóg choiteann|Blattodea]] nach bhfuil an baictéar acu. == Speicis == Tá 25 speiceas ar eolas faoi láthair: * ''[[Nocticola adebratti]]'' * ''[[Nocticola australiensis]]'' * ''[[Nocticola babindaensis]]'' * ''[[Nocticola bolivari]]'' * ''[[Nocticola brooksi]]'' * ''[[Nocticola caeca]]'' * ''[[Nocticola clavata]]'' * ''[[Nocticola cockingi]]'' <ref name=":0">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=TROTTER|first=ANDREW J.|date=2017-04-04|title=Speciation in fractured rock landforms: towards understanding the diversity of subterranean cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Nocticolidae: Nocticola) in Western Australia|journal=Zootaxa|language=en|volume=4250|issue=2|pages=143–170|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4250.2.2|pmid=28610024|issn=1175-5334}}</ref> * ''[[Nocticola currani]]'' <ref name=":0" /> * ''[[Nocticola decaryi]]'' * ''[[Nocticola flabella]]'' * ''Nocticola gerlachi'' : ( [[Speiceas i mbaol|i mbaol]] ) * ''[[Nocticola gonzalezi]]'' <ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Lucanas|first=Cristian C.|date=2016-09-28|title=Cockroaches (Insecta, Blattodea) from caves of Polillo Island (Philippines), with description of a new species|journal=Subterranean Biology|language=en|volume=19|pages=51–64|doi=10.3897/subtbiol.19.9804|issn=1314-2615}}</ref> * ''[[Nocticola jodarlingtonae]]'' * ''[[Nocticola leleupi]]'' * ''Nocticola pheromosa'' * ''[[Nocticola quartermainei]]'' <ref name=":0" /> * ''[[Nocticola remyi]]'' * ''[[Nocticola rohini]]'' * ''[[Nocticola scytala]]'' * ''[[Nocticola simoni]]'' * ''[[Nocticola sinensis]]'' * ''[[Nocticola termitophila]]'' * ''[[Nocticola uenoi]]'' * ''[[Nocticola wliensis]]'' == Tagairtí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist|refs=<ref name="COL">{{cite web |url=http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/nocticola/match/1 |teideal=Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist |accessdate=24 September 2012 |author=Roskov Y. |author2=Kunze T. |author3=Orrell T. |author4=Abucay L. |author5=Paglinawan L. |author6=Culham A. |author7=Bailly N. |author8=Kirk P. |author9=Bourgoin T. |author10=Baillargeon G. |author11=Decock W. |author12=De Wever A. |editor=Didžiulis V. |year=2011 |publisher=Species 2000: Reading, UK}}</ref>}} 6tvjjevbynvb9z78gyj4r60abu4ga3k 1322728 1322726 2026-08-05T20:05:05Z Ériugena 188 1322728 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Teideal iodálach}} {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[Íomhá:Nocticola_gonzalezi_(10.3897-subtbiol.19.9804)_Figure_1.jpg|mion| Léaráid]] Is géineas é '''''Nocticola''''' de chuid na gciaróg dhubh, sa fhine Nocticolidae atá le fáil san Afraic, in oirdheisceart na hÁise agus san Astráil.<ref>[http://cockroach.speciesfile.org/Common/basic/Taxa.aspx?TaxonNameID=1177741 ''Cockroach Species File'' (retrieved 26 January 2018)]</ref> Tá Nocticola éagsúil ó gach ciaróg dhubh eile sa mhéid is nach bhfuil siad ionfhabhtaithe le ''[[:en:Blattabacterium_cuenoti|Blattabacterium cuenoti]]''. Fágann sin gurb iad an t-aon ghéineas amháin i [[Blatóg choiteann|Blattodea]] nach bhfuil an baictéar acu. <ref>Lo, N., Beninati, T., Stone, F., Walker, J., & Sacchi, L. (2007). Cockroaches that lack Blattabacterium endosymbionts: the phylogenetically divergent genus Nocticola. Biology Letters, 3(3), 327-330. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2006.0614</ref> == Speicis == Tá 25 speiceas ar eolas faoi láthair: * ''[[Nocticola adebratti]]'' * ''[[Nocticola australiensis]]'' * ''[[Nocticola babindaensis]]'' * ''[[Nocticola bolivari]]'' * ''[[Nocticola brooksi]]'' * ''[[Nocticola caeca]]'' * ''[[Nocticola clavata]]'' * ''[[Nocticola cockingi]]'' <ref name=":0">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=TROTTER|first=ANDREW J.|date=2017-04-04|title=Speciation in fractured rock landforms: towards understanding the diversity of subterranean cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Nocticolidae: Nocticola) in Western Australia|journal=Zootaxa|language=en|volume=4250|issue=2|pages=143–170|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4250.2.2|pmid=28610024|issn=1175-5334}}</ref> * ''[[Nocticola currani]]'' <ref name=":0" /> * ''[[Nocticola decaryi]]'' * ''[[Nocticola flabella]]'' * ''Nocticola gerlachi'' : ( [[Speiceas i mbaol|i mbaol]] ) * ''[[Nocticola gonzalezi]]'' <ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Lucanas|first=Cristian C.|date=2016-09-28|title=Cockroaches (Insecta, Blattodea) from caves of Polillo Island (Philippines), with description of a new species|journal=Subterranean Biology|language=en|volume=19|pages=51–64|doi=10.3897/subtbiol.19.9804|issn=1314-2615}}</ref> * ''[[Nocticola jodarlingtonae]]'' * ''[[Nocticola leleupi]]'' * ''Nocticola pheromosa'' * ''[[Nocticola quartermainei]]'' <ref name=":0" /> * ''[[Nocticola remyi]]'' * ''[[Nocticola rohini]]'' * ''[[Nocticola scytala]]'' * ''[[Nocticola simoni]]'' * ''[[Nocticola sinensis]]'' * ''[[Nocticola termitophila]]'' * ''[[Nocticola uenoi]]'' * ''[[Nocticola wliensis]]'' == Tagairtí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist|refs=<ref name="COL">{{cite web |url=http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/nocticola/match/1 |teideal=Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist |accessdate=24 September 2012 |author=Roskov Y. |author2=Kunze T. |author3=Orrell T. |author4=Abucay L. |author5=Paglinawan L. |author6=Culham A. |author7=Bailly N. |author8=Kirk P. |author9=Bourgoin T. |author10=Baillargeon G. |author11=Decock W. |author12=De Wever A. |editor=Didžiulis V. |year=2011 |publisher=Species 2000: Reading, UK}}</ref>}} nlljdtnqk6edqrgaec7nvb02yg2tc12 2 127293 1322727 2026-08-05T19:59:02Z Youthyouthbyyoung 76169 edited my user 1322727 wikitext text/x-wiki Haigh, '''youthyouthbyyoung ''(Lúc)''''' is m'ainm, táim Éireannach agus Síleach agus Is stan mé de Loona. i0hlz5rj5g87yhtvdzs1rwtlptzu0tl 0 127294 1322734 2026-08-05T22:46:04Z Marcas.oduinn 33120 Cruthaithe ó enwiki 1322734 wikitext text/x-wiki == Clár LIFE == [[Íomhá:Logolife.jpg | mion | 200px | Lógó LIFE]] Is ionstraim maoinithe an [[Aontas Eorpach|Aontais Eorpaigh]] é '''Clár LIFE'''<ref name=iate /> (Fraincis: ''L’Instrument Financier pour l’Environnement'') le haghaidh ghníomh timpeallachta agus aeráide. Thosaigh LIFE sa bhliain 1992 agus tá cúig chéim sa chlár go dtí an t-am seo (2026): * LIFE I: 1992–1995 * LIFE II: 1996–1999 * LIFE III: 2000–2006 * LIFE+: 2007–2013 * LIFE 2014–2020 * LIFE 2021-2027 (reatha) Suas go 2021, bhí tuairim is 4600 tionscadal chomh-mhaoinithe ag LIFE ar fud na hEorpa, agus €6.5 billiún caite chun an timpeallacht agus an aeráid a chaomhnú. Sa chéim reatha (2021–2027), tá €5.45 billion mollta ag an [[an Coimisiún Eorpach|gCoimisiún]].<ref name=stair /> Is é an Coimisiún féin (trí [[Ard-Stiúrthóireacht um Thimpeallacht|AS um Thimpeallacht]], [[Ard-Stiúrthóireacht um Ghníomhú ar son na hAeráide|AS um Ghníomhú Aeráide]] agus [[Ard-Stiúrthóireacht um Fhuinneamh|AS um Fhuinneamh]]) a dhéanann bainistíocht ar Chlár LIFE. D'fhág an Coimisiún an-chuid den Chlár faoin n[[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EASME / EISMEA) go dtí mí Márta 2021, agus faoin n[[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol]] (CINEA) ó shin i leith. == Tagairtí == {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/iiii/ga | teideal = Téarma: | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 02-08-2026}}</ref> <ref name=stair>{{lua idirlín | url = https://ec.europa.eu/easme/en/section/life/life-history-life | teideal = History of LIFE | dátarochtana = 14 Bealtaine 2020 | foilsitheoir = EASME / EISMEA}}</ref> }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir:An tAontas Eorpach agus an comhshaol]] [[Catagóir:Coimisiún Eorpach]] 6abw3iet5ip4lmx8t0tixshbkkqgpjc 1322735 1322734 2026-08-05T22:46:25Z Marcas.oduinn 33120 1322735 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Íomhá:Logolife.jpg | mion | 200px | Lógó LIFE]] Is ionstraim maoinithe an [[Aontas Eorpach|Aontais Eorpaigh]] é '''Clár LIFE'''<ref name=iate /> (Fraincis: ''L’Instrument Financier pour l’Environnement'') le haghaidh ghníomh timpeallachta agus aeráide. Thosaigh LIFE sa bhliain 1992 agus tá cúig chéim sa chlár go dtí an t-am seo (2026): * LIFE I: 1992–1995 * LIFE II: 1996–1999 * LIFE III: 2000–2006 * LIFE+: 2007–2013 * LIFE 2014–2020 * LIFE 2021-2027 (reatha) Suas go 2021, bhí tuairim is 4600 tionscadal chomh-mhaoinithe ag LIFE ar fud na hEorpa, agus €6.5 billiún caite chun an timpeallacht agus an aeráid a chaomhnú. Sa chéim reatha (2021–2027), tá €5.45 billion mollta ag an [[an Coimisiún Eorpach|gCoimisiún]].<ref name=stair /> Is é an Coimisiún féin (trí [[Ard-Stiúrthóireacht um Thimpeallacht|AS um Thimpeallacht]], [[Ard-Stiúrthóireacht um Ghníomhú ar son na hAeráide|AS um Ghníomhú Aeráide]] agus [[Ard-Stiúrthóireacht um Fhuinneamh|AS um Fhuinneamh]]) a dhéanann bainistíocht ar Chlár LIFE. D'fhág an Coimisiún an-chuid den Chlár faoin n[[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EASME / EISMEA) go dtí mí Márta 2021, agus faoin n[[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol]] (CINEA) ó shin i leith. == Tagairtí == {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/iiii/ga | teideal = Téarma: | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 02-08-2026}}</ref> <ref name=stair>{{lua idirlín | url = https://ec.europa.eu/easme/en/section/life/life-history-life | teideal = History of LIFE | dátarochtana = 14 Bealtaine 2020 | foilsitheoir = EASME / EISMEA}}</ref> }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir:An tAontas Eorpach agus an comhshaol]] [[Catagóir:Coimisiún Eorpach]] 8i2vqyqzah6f8be7vgl5tora552utgg 14 127295 1322739 2026-08-05T23:54:54Z Taghdtaighde 60452 Leathanach cruthaithe le '[[Catagóir:Ficsean tuairimeach]] [[Catagóir:Irisí liteartha|Ficsean tuairimeach]] [[Catagóir:Irisí de réir ábhair|Ficsean tuairimeach]]' 1322739 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Catagóir:Ficsean tuairimeach]] [[Catagóir:Irisí liteartha|Ficsean tuairimeach]] [[Catagóir:Irisí de réir ábhair|Ficsean tuairimeach]] o5shb5k7n7c55xomwnelen7lvum969z 14 127296 1322740 2026-08-05T23:55:48Z Taghdtaighde 60452 Leathanach cruthaithe le '[[Catagóir:Irisí ficsin thuairimigh|Eire]] [[Catagóir:Irisí ficsin thuairimigh de réir tíre|Eire]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean tuairimeach Éireannach|Ficsean tuairimeach]] [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha|Ficsean tuairimeach]]' 1322740 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Catagóir:Irisí ficsin thuairimigh|Eire]] [[Catagóir:Irisí ficsin thuairimigh de réir tíre|Eire]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean tuairimeach Éireannach|Ficsean tuairimeach]] [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha|Ficsean tuairimeach]] 8cnxz91xux6cs1gffgn41pgej6uobzs 14 127297 1322745 2026-08-06T00:08:14Z Taghdtaighde 60452 Leathanach cruthaithe le '[[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha ficsin thuairimigh]] [[Catagóir:Irisí ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta Éireannach]]' 1322745 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Catagóir:Irisí Éireannacha ficsin thuairimigh]] [[Catagóir:Irisí ficsean eolaíochta]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean eolaíochta Éireannach]] 1nx8mdlbbghf579362jtj6me3ewynfn 0 127298 1322752 2026-08-06T00:33:36Z TGcoa 21229 Leathanach cruthaithe le ' Bhí teochtaí curiarrachta nua ann ar fud an domhain, aon uair amháin eile, le linn 2025. == Éire == Bhí mí Iúil 2026 ar cheann de na míonna ba theo, ba thirime agus ba ghrianmhaire a taifeadadh riamh in Éirinn. Ardbhrú san atmaisféar an ghné ba shuntasaí den aimsir an mhí seo caite ar theocht ard ar fud na tíre a thoradh. Mar gheall ar an ardbhrú san atmaisféar, níor tháinig frontaí aimsire ón Atlantach chomh fada le hÉirinn go dtí earr n...' 1322752 wikitext text/x-wiki Bhí teochtaí curiarrachta nua ann ar fud an domhain, aon uair amháin eile, le linn 2025. == Éire == Bhí mí Iúil 2026 ar cheann de na míonna ba theo, ba thirime agus ba ghrianmhaire a taifeadadh riamh in Éirinn. Ardbhrú san atmaisféar an ghné ba shuntasaí den aimsir an mhí seo caite ar theocht ard ar fud na tíre a thoradh. Mar gheall ar an ardbhrú san atmaisféar, níor tháinig frontaí aimsire ón Atlantach chomh fada le hÉirinn go dtí earr na míosa. Dar le Met Éireann bhí mí Iúil 2026 ar an dara mí Iúil ba theo ón mbliain 1900 agus ar an tríú mí ba theo a taifeadadh riamh, agus an mí Iúil ba thirime a taifeadadh riamh (níor thit ach 16 milliméadar báistí i gcaitheamh na míosa).<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=An mhí seo caite ar cheann de na míonna ba theo in Éirinn riamh|url=https://www.rte.ie/news/nuacht/2026/0805/1586538-an-mhi-seo-caite-ar-cheann-de-na-mionna-ba-theo-in-eirinn-riamh/|date=2026-08-05|language=ga-IE|author=Nuacht RTÉ}}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/met-eireann-mi-iuil-seo-an-triu-mi-ba-theo-o-1900/|teideal=MET ÉIREANN: Mí Iúil seo an tríú mí ba theo ó 1900|dáta=2026-08-05|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2026-08-06}}</ref> == Féach freisin == == Tagairtí == {{reflist}}{{síol}} [[Catagóir:Aimsir na bliana 2026]] axc2vrks0uc87j4vkxtriwa786tbonf 14 127299 1322757 2026-08-06T07:31:11Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo.' 1322757 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. 9gf29wq56kf1sxo7on6htylfqjah6g6 1322768 1322757 2026-08-06T07:44:02Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322768 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] sllb61wubn44g75perfgra0ir4c24yk 1322834 1322768 2026-08-06T10:14:50Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322834 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] 808hujc7kheo41lao1q1gyft9kwbfdt 14 127300 1322758 2026-08-06T07:31:25Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Seo í an catagóir do na speicis eindéimeacha a chuireann faoi ar oileán na [[An tSulaivéis|Sulaivéise]].' 1322758 wikitext text/x-wiki Seo í an catagóir do na speicis eindéimeacha a chuireann faoi ar oileán na [[An tSulaivéis|Sulaivéise]]. d2xm2pixvksouvxjtvad13lfanjjdgd 14 127301 1322759 2026-08-06T07:32:02Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo.' 1322759 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. 9gf29wq56kf1sxo7on6htylfqjah6g6 1322769 1322759 2026-08-06T07:44:13Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322769 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] sllb61wubn44g75perfgra0ir4c24yk 1322836 1322769 2026-08-06T10:15:16Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322836 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] 808hujc7kheo41lao1q1gyft9kwbfdt 14 127302 1322760 2026-08-06T07:32:24Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo.' 1322760 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. 9gf29wq56kf1sxo7on6htylfqjah6g6 1322770 1322760 2026-08-06T07:44:29Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322770 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] sllb61wubn44g75perfgra0ir4c24yk 1322807 1322770 2026-08-06T08:58:39Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Bhog An Sionnach Rua an leathanach [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu i 1912]] go [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1912]]: Misspelled title 1322770 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] sllb61wubn44g75perfgra0ir4c24yk 1322827 1322807 2026-08-06T10:12:58Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322827 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] 808hujc7kheo41lao1q1gyft9kwbfdt 1322841 1322827 2026-08-06T11:52:02Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322841 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 20ú hAois]] 5i09wj2152oxbxck1a8doy3jn20gggh 14 127303 1322761 2026-08-06T07:32:49Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo.' 1322761 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. 9gf29wq56kf1sxo7on6htylfqjah6g6 1322771 1322761 2026-08-06T07:44:38Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322771 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] sllb61wubn44g75perfgra0ir4c24yk 1322818 1322771 2026-08-06T09:14:24Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322818 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] 808hujc7kheo41lao1q1gyft9kwbfdt 14 127304 1322762 2026-08-06T07:33:52Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Seo í an catagóir do na speicis eindéimeacha a chuireann faoi san [[An Astráil|Astráil]].' 1322762 wikitext text/x-wiki Seo í an catagóir do na speicis eindéimeacha a chuireann faoi san [[An Astráil|Astráil]]. dlveympjuc7eaw9c026n121rz90gs08 1322800 1322762 2026-08-06T08:40:00Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322800 wikitext text/x-wiki Seo í an catagóir do na speicis eindéimeacha a chuireann faoi san [[An Astráil|Astráil]]. [[Catagóir:An Astráil]] [[Catagóir:Éin]] 5bn6yjyv9vg4g7ne48h9k49xijnojwz 14 127305 1322763 2026-08-06T07:35:36Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Seo í an catagóir do na speicis eindéimeacha a chuireann faoi ar na [[Leasríocht na n-Oileán Arú|hoileán Arú]].' 1322763 wikitext text/x-wiki Seo í an catagóir do na speicis eindéimeacha a chuireann faoi ar na [[Leasríocht na n-Oileán Arú|hoileán Arú]]. jct3pa8empymgcc97vty2wxbge5uggs 1322797 1322763 2026-08-06T08:35:40Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322797 wikitext text/x-wiki Seo í an catagóir do na speicis eindéimeacha a chuireann faoi ar na [[Leasríocht na n-Oileán Arú|hoileán Arú]]. [[Catagóir:Éin]] svjnlxpdt8qob17vn0d3rblp21sfk9j 14 127306 1322765 2026-08-06T07:37:38Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo.' 1322765 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. 9gf29wq56kf1sxo7on6htylfqjah6g6 1322766 1322765 2026-08-06T07:41:25Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322766 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] sllb61wubn44g75perfgra0ir4c24yk 1322835 1322766 2026-08-06T10:15:00Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322835 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] 808hujc7kheo41lao1q1gyft9kwbfdt 14 127307 1322767 2026-08-06T07:43:04Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann le tacsanomaíocht na n-éan a chur leis an chatagóir seo, amhail na mblianta a ndearnadh cur síos orthu nó na [[Éaneolaíocht|héaneolaithe]] a rinne sin. [[Catagóir:Éin]]' 1322767 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann le tacsanomaíocht na n-éan a chur leis an chatagóir seo, amhail na mblianta a ndearnadh cur síos orthu nó na [[Éaneolaíocht|héaneolaithe]] a rinne sin. [[Catagóir:Éin]] 8zscuzbiwvsr350x91em5iw6gr25hbv 14 127308 1322773 2026-08-06T07:46:53Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]]' 1322773 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] sllb61wubn44g75perfgra0ir4c24yk 1322830 1322773 2026-08-06T10:13:54Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322830 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] 808hujc7kheo41lao1q1gyft9kwbfdt 14 127309 1322774 2026-08-06T07:47:16Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]]' 1322774 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] sllb61wubn44g75perfgra0ir4c24yk 1322829 1322774 2026-08-06T10:13:33Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322829 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] 808hujc7kheo41lao1q1gyft9kwbfdt 14 127310 1322786 2026-08-06T08:25:54Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]]' 1322786 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] sllb61wubn44g75perfgra0ir4c24yk 1322832 1322786 2026-08-06T10:14:23Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322832 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] 808hujc7kheo41lao1q1gyft9kwbfdt 14 127311 1322787 2026-08-06T08:30:48Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an ghéineas [[Aves|éin]] seo a chur leis an chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]]' 1322787 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an ghéineas [[Aves|éin]] seo a chur leis an chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] r9lvtqfgx6m5j6owberxs5aku3z0itg 14 127312 1322788 2026-08-06T08:30:54Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an fhine [[Aves|éin]] seo a chur leis an chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]]' 1322788 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an fhine [[Aves|éin]] seo a chur leis an chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] aee3xvf4kl4ylluby9wm8xqsseuk6a0 14 127313 1322789 2026-08-06T08:30:59Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an ord [[Aves|éin]] seo a chur leis an chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]]' 1322789 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an ord [[Aves|éin]] seo a chur leis an chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] tfafcdt4ug4o6a54a4ntqlm8ch9jg9g 14 127314 1322790 2026-08-06T08:31:54Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]]' 1322790 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] sllb61wubn44g75perfgra0ir4c24yk 1322828 1322790 2026-08-06T10:13:16Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322828 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] 808hujc7kheo41lao1q1gyft9kwbfdt 14 127315 1322791 2026-08-06T08:32:01Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]]' 1322791 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] sllb61wubn44g75perfgra0ir4c24yk 1322804 1322791 2026-08-06T08:57:57Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Bhog An Sionnach Rua an leathanach [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu i 1917]] go [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1917]]: Misspelled title 1322791 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] sllb61wubn44g75perfgra0ir4c24yk 1322811 1322804 2026-08-06T09:04:59Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322811 wikitext text/x-wiki {{scrios|Botún i dteideal, níor scrúdaigh mé an chatagóir i gceart ag mé á cruthú}} lwnyf4k645h9cjd9lxagujzl2y85w9m 1322812 1322811 2026-08-06T09:05:22Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Cealaíodh athrú [[Special:Diff/1322811|1322811]] le [[Special:Contributions/An Sionnach Rua|An Sionnach Rua]] ([[User talk:An Sionnach Rua|plé]]) 1322812 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] sllb61wubn44g75perfgra0ir4c24yk 1322837 1322812 2026-08-06T10:15:46Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322837 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] 808hujc7kheo41lao1q1gyft9kwbfdt 1322839 1322837 2026-08-06T11:47:41Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322839 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 20ú hAois]] 5i09wj2152oxbxck1a8doy3jn20gggh 14 127316 1322792 2026-08-06T08:32:07Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]]' 1322792 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] sllb61wubn44g75perfgra0ir4c24yk 1322814 1322792 2026-08-06T09:06:08Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322814 wikitext text/x-wiki {{scrios|Botún i dteideal, níor scrúdaigh mé an chatagóir i gceart ag mé á cruthú}} lwnyf4k645h9cjd9lxagujzl2y85w9m 14 127317 1322793 2026-08-06T08:32:16Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]]' 1322793 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] sllb61wubn44g75perfgra0ir4c24yk 1322833 1322793 2026-08-06T10:14:35Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322833 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] 808hujc7kheo41lao1q1gyft9kwbfdt 14 127318 1322794 2026-08-06T08:33:35Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Seo í an catagóir do na speicis eindéimeacha a chuireann faoi san [[An Indinéis|Indinéis]].' 1322794 wikitext text/x-wiki Seo í an catagóir do na speicis eindéimeacha a chuireann faoi san [[An Indinéis|Indinéis]]. 22uk31xiwtlzj3df5h2tfdtpq6bwvat 14 127319 1322795 2026-08-06T08:34:32Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an ainm choitianta éan "[[cruidín]]" a chur anseo.' 1322795 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an ainm choitianta éan "[[cruidín]]" a chur anseo. dhmtrg089dnbba6vbqc04zmuh8nxyrz 14 127320 1322798 2026-08-06T08:37:19Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an ghéineas [[Aves|éin]] seo a chur leis an chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]]' 1322798 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an ghéineas [[Aves|éin]] seo a chur leis an chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] dv4s2dlrv3e1lfxbsnnnkriug8ud0cf 14 127321 1322801 2026-08-06T08:40:32Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]]' 1322801 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] sllb61wubn44g75perfgra0ir4c24yk 1322831 1322801 2026-08-06T10:14:12Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322831 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] 808hujc7kheo41lao1q1gyft9kwbfdt 14 127322 1322802 2026-08-06T08:43:45Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an ghéineas [[Aves|éin]] seo a chur leis an chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]]' 1322802 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an ghéineas [[Aves|éin]] seo a chur leis an chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] r9lvtqfgx6m5j6owberxs5aku3z0itg 14 127323 1322805 2026-08-06T08:57:57Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Bhog An Sionnach Rua an leathanach [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu i 1917]] go [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1917]]: Misspelled title 1322805 wikitext text/x-wiki #athsheoladh [[:Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1917]] ify0gy67sxuud8hls1actwb4fpor43e 1322813 1322805 2026-08-06T09:05:52Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Removed redirect to [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1917]] 1322813 wikitext text/x-wiki {{scrios|Botún i dteideal, níor scrúdaigh mé an chatagóir i gceart ag mé á cruthú}} lwnyf4k645h9cjd9lxagujzl2y85w9m 14 127324 1322808 2026-08-06T08:58:39Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Bhog An Sionnach Rua an leathanach [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu i 1912]] go [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1912]]: Misspelled title 1322808 wikitext text/x-wiki #athsheoladh [[:Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1912]] fcd3vgy9vmt75k5mwukfhu3r01bvic4 1322810 1322808 2026-08-06T09:04:46Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Removed redirect to [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1912]] 1322810 wikitext text/x-wiki {{scrios|Botún i dteideal, níor scrúdaigh mé an chatagóir i gceart ag mé á cruthú}} lwnyf4k645h9cjd9lxagujzl2y85w9m 10 127325 1322815 2026-08-06T09:10:11Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1272183496|Template:Category described in year]]" 1322815 wikitext text/x-wiki  <noinclude> {{Doiciméadú}} c83vw7ycfy7x5y2828ad5avonqcrh4q 10 127326 1322816 2026-08-06T09:12:59Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{High-use|5169}} {{Lua |Module:Category described in year |Module:Category described in year/config }} {{Lua sidebar}} == About == This template is used to automatically create a standard category structure throughout [[:Category:Taxa by year of formal description]]. Related discussions include, but are...' 1322816 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{High-use|5169}} {{Lua |Module:Category described in year |Module:Category described in year/config }} {{Lua sidebar}} == About == This template is used to automatically create a standard category structure throughout [[:Category:Taxa by year of formal description]]. Related discussions include, but are not limited to (oldest to newest): ==== WikiProjects ==== * [[WT:LEPIDOPTERA#Post-Caftaric category straightening-out/clean-up.]] * [[WT:TREE OF LIFE#Request for comment: categorizing by year of formal description]] * [[WT:TREE OF LIFE#Any desire to eliminate 'X described in the YYth century' type container categories?]] * [[WT:INSECTS#'Insects described in' category tree mostly ok?]] * [[WT:PALAEONTOLOGY#'Taxa described in' categories]] * [[WT:MARINELIFE#Bivalves/Cephalopods/Chitons described in YYYY categories]] * [[WT:PALAEONTOLOGY#Fossil parataxa described in YEAR]] * [[WT:TREE OF LIFE#Category:Sponges vs. Category:Poriferans]] ==== Decadal CfDs ==== * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2018 August 26#Category:Plants described in the 1750s|2018 August 26#Category:Plants described in the 1750s]] * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2018 September 22#Category:Spiders described in the 1750s|2018 September 22#Category:Spiders described in the 1750s]] * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2018 October 3#Category:Animals described in the 1750s|2018 October 3#Category:Animals described in the 1750s]] * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2018 October 8#Category:Bacteria described in the 1780s|2018 October 8#Category:Bacteria described in the 1780s]] * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2018 October 13#Category:Fungi described in the 1750s|2018 October 13#Category:Fungi described in the 1750s]] * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2018 October 18#Category:Archaea described in the 1920s|2018 October 18#Category:Archaea described in the 1920s]] ==== Non-decadal CfDs ==== * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2014 November 26#Category:Invertebrates described in 1896|2014 November 26#Category:Invertebrates described in 1896]] (and arthropods) * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2018 October 5#Category:Vertebrates described in 1771|2018 October 5#Category:Vertebrates described in 1771]] * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2018 October 12#Category:Lepidoptera described in 1758|2018 October 12#Category:Lepidoptera described in 1758]] * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2018 November 4#Category:Mites described in 1959|2018 November 4#Category:Mites described in 1959]] * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2018 November 4#Category:<Animal&gt;s described in <year&gt; with very confined scope and small size|2018 November 4#Category:<Animal&gt;s described in <year&gt; with very confined scope and small size]] ** Anemones, ants, aphids, bees, caddisflies, centipedes, cicadas, damselflies, dragonflies, fleas, flies, lacewings, mantises, scale insects, sea cucumbers, stink bugs, termites, ticks, urchins, & wasps. * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2024 August 9#Category:Ants described in 1758|2024 August 9#Category:Ants described in 1758]] * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2025 July 30#Category:<Animal&gt;s described in <year&gt; with very confined scope|2025 July 30#Category:<Animal&gt;s described in <year&gt; with very confined scope]] ** Bees, bugs, cockroaches, damselflies, flies, grasshoppers, sawflies, & wasps. If you wish to make significant changes, please discuss at [[Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Tree of Life]] first. == Creating new category trees == * Avoid creating [[WP:OVERCAT|overly-specific categories]], especially those where all years contain a [[WP:SMALLCAT|trivial number]] of pages. These categories do little to aid the overall structure, causing more disruption and ambiguity than order. These may be [[WP:CFD|CFD]]'d, or even [[WP:C1|CSD]]'d, after some grace period for initial population; for example, if only several years have been created out of potentially several hundred, or if many years have been created but all contain a trivial number of pages. * Chances are, there is already an appropriate category structure in place, which should be considered before creating new trees/branches. * To create a new tree, copy an existing, similar tree in [[Modúl:Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain/config]], and paste it in an appropriate spot in that table, following the same general table format, and updating any group-specific values and comments. * If/when a new category tree is created, make sure that any red-linked parents categories are also created. You can find categories with red-linked parents [[:Category:Described in year unknown category|here]]. == Usage == <syntaxhighlight inline lang="wikitext">{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}}</syntaxhighlight> No parameters are needed. Instead, the name of the calling category is used to determine its place in the tree. If the calling category name is not recognized, then the [[Module:Category described in year/config#L-12|default category tree]] is applied, which is configured for groups under animals, since animals have more sub-groups than non-animals. == Sitelinks == * {{tl|Commons}} links are automatically produced if either the {{wdpl|373}} property and/or an "Other sites" sitelink to commons exist at Wikidata. See {{Q|Q9757156}} for both uses. Duplicate values are ignored. * {{tl|Wikispecies}} links are automatically produced if the appropriate sitelink exists at Wikidata. See {{Q|Q28467553}} for an example. == Testing == <syntaxhighlight inline lang="wikitext">{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain|Spiders described in 1901}}</syntaxhighlight> When placing this template in non-category space, i.e. for testing purposes, a category parameter is required. == Tracking categories == * {{Category link with count|Described in year error}} * {{Category link with count|Described in year unknown category}} * {{Category link with count|Described in year with manual category}} <includeonly>{{sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Chronology category header templates]] [[Category:Science and nature category header templates]] }}</includeonly> dz2t2bb3yavg978wqdoysmtjhqz7tm6 1322819 1322816 2026-08-06T09:27:46Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322819 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{High-use|5169}} {{Lua |Module:Category described in year |Module:Category described in year/config }} {{Lua sidebar}} == About == This template is used to automatically create a standard category structure throughout [[:Category:Taxa by year of formal description]]. Related discussions include, but are not limited to (oldest to newest): ==== WikiProjects ==== * [[WT:LEPIDOPTERA#Post-Caftaric category straightening-out/clean-up.]] * [[WT:TREE OF LIFE#Request for comment: categorizing by year of formal description]] * [[WT:TREE OF LIFE#Any desire to eliminate 'X described in the YYth century' type container categories?]] * [[WT:INSECTS#'Insects described in' category tree mostly ok?]] * [[WT:PALAEONTOLOGY#'Taxa described in' categories]] * [[WT:MARINELIFE#Bivalves/Cephalopods/Chitons described in YYYY categories]] * [[WT:PALAEONTOLOGY#Fossil parataxa described in YEAR]] * [[WT:TREE OF LIFE#Category:Sponges vs. Category:Poriferans]] ==== Decadal CfDs ==== * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2018 August 26#Category:Plants described in the 1750s|2018 August 26#Category:Plants described in the 1750s]] * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2018 September 22#Category:Spiders described in the 1750s|2018 September 22#Category:Spiders described in the 1750s]] * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2018 October 3#Category:Animals described in the 1750s|2018 October 3#Category:Animals described in the 1750s]] * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2018 October 8#Category:Bacteria described in the 1780s|2018 October 8#Category:Bacteria described in the 1780s]] * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2018 October 13#Category:Fungi described in the 1750s|2018 October 13#Category:Fungi described in the 1750s]] * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2018 October 18#Category:Archaea described in the 1920s|2018 October 18#Category:Archaea described in the 1920s]] ==== Non-decadal CfDs ==== * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2014 November 26#Category:Invertebrates described in 1896|2014 November 26#Category:Invertebrates described in 1896]] (and arthropods) * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2018 October 5#Category:Vertebrates described in 1771|2018 October 5#Category:Vertebrates described in 1771]] * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2018 October 12#Category:Lepidoptera described in 1758|2018 October 12#Category:Lepidoptera described in 1758]] * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2018 November 4#Category:Mites described in 1959|2018 November 4#Category:Mites described in 1959]] * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2018 November 4#Category:<Animal&gt;s described in <year&gt; with very confined scope and small size|2018 November 4#Category:<Animal&gt;s described in <year&gt; with very confined scope and small size]] ** Anemones, ants, aphids, bees, caddisflies, centipedes, cicadas, damselflies, dragonflies, fleas, flies, lacewings, mantises, scale insects, sea cucumbers, stink bugs, termites, ticks, urchins, & wasps. * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2024 August 9#Category:Ants described in 1758|2024 August 9#Category:Ants described in 1758]] * [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2025 July 30#Category:<Animal&gt;s described in <year&gt; with very confined scope|2025 July 30#Category:<Animal&gt;s described in <year&gt; with very confined scope]] ** Bees, bugs, cockroaches, damselflies, flies, grasshoppers, sawflies, & wasps. If you wish to make significant changes, please discuss at [[Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Tree of Life]] first. == Creating new category trees == * Avoid creating [[WP:OVERCAT|overly-specific categories]], especially those where all years contain a [[WP:SMALLCAT|trivial number]] of pages. These categories do little to aid the overall structure, causing more disruption and ambiguity than order. These may be [[WP:CFD|CFD]]'d, or even [[WP:C1|CSD]]'d, after some grace period for initial population; for example, if only several years have been created out of potentially several hundred, or if many years have been created but all contain a trivial number of pages. * Chances are, there is already an appropriate category structure in place, which should be considered before creating new trees/branches. * To create a new tree, copy an existing, similar tree in [[Module:Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain/config]], and paste it in an appropriate spot in that table, following the same general table format, and updating any group-specific values and comments. * If/when a new category tree is created, make sure that any red-linked parents categories are also created. You can find categories with red-linked parents [[:Category:Described in year unknown category|here]]. == Usage == <syntaxhighlight inline lang="wikitext">{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}}</syntaxhighlight> No parameters are needed. Instead, the name of the calling category is used to determine its place in the tree. If the calling category name is not recognized, then the [[Module:Category described in year/config#L-12|default category tree]] is applied, which is configured for groups under animals, since animals have more sub-groups than non-animals. == Sitelinks == * {{tl|Commons}} links are automatically produced if either the {{wdpl|373}} property and/or an "Other sites" sitelink to commons exist at Wikidata. See {{Q|Q9757156}} for both uses. Duplicate values are ignored. * {{tl|Wikispecies}} links are automatically produced if the appropriate sitelink exists at Wikidata. See {{Q|Q28467553}} for an example. == Testing == <syntaxhighlight inline lang="wikitext">{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain|Spiders described in 1901}}</syntaxhighlight> When placing this template in non-category space, i.e. for testing purposes, a category parameter is required. == Tracking categories == * {{Category link with count|Described in year error}} * {{Category link with count|Described in year unknown category}} * {{Category link with count|Described in year with manual category}} <includeonly>{{sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Chronology category header templates]] [[Category:Science and nature category header templates]] }}</includeonly> 10e0l51vgdbdk5m6rn3a0z2j78hroxq 828 127327 1322820 2026-08-06T09:28:25Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Ag iarraidh an modúl seo a chur i bhfeidhm, beidh le feiceáil 1322820 Scribunto text/plain --[[==========================================================================]] --[[ Case sensitive config/map table ]] --[[==========================================================================]] local p = { --[[============================================================================ Any category Group (e.g. Amphibians/Birds/etc.) or Subgroup NOT explicitly outlined here in conf{} will follow the 'Default' tree for that Group when the template is used on that category. The default-style category tree is: year -> century -> formal year -> Animals:year -> Animals:century Decadal categories are deprecated (see documentation). To create a new tree, only if necessarily different from the default, copy an existing tree and paste it in an appropriate spot in the table, following the same general table format, and updating any Group-specific values and comments. %year% and %century% are variables available for use in the description text, and are evaluated based on the current category. ============================================================================]]-- ['Default'] = { --"Group" (Animals only; used for: Amphibians/Birds/Corals/Crustaceans/Fish/Mammals/Molluscs/Reptiles/Sponges) ['minyear'] = 1758, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Birds described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Birds described in the 20th century|1901]] --century or formal ['parent2'] = 'Animals', --[[Category:Animals described in 1901]] ['description'] = 'This category should only contain articles on [[species]] and notable [[subspecies]].', --adapted from [[Category:Species described in the 18th century]] & [[Category:Species described in the 21st century]] }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Birds described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Birds by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Animals', --[[Category:Animals described in the 20th century]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Birds by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Birds| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Animals', --[[Category:Animals by year of formal description| ]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Animals'] = { --"Group" ['minyear'] = 1757, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Animals described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Animals described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; *not* a container cat }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Animals described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Animals by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in the 20th century]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Animals by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Animals| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species by year of formal description]] ['description'] = "Year that the taxon was first [[Species description|scientifically described]]. ".. "Most often the same year as in the [[Author citation (zoology)|author citation]], ".. "but this is not always the case (see ''[[nomen novum]]'', ''[[nomen conservandum]]'', ''[[nomen oblitum]]'').", }, }, ['Spiders'] = { --"Group"; ICZN allows names in Clerck's Aranei Svecici of 1757, earliest date used in World Spider Catalog ['minyear'] = 1757, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Spiders described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Spiders described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Animals', --[[Category:Animals described in 1901]] ['description'] = 'Year that the species was first [[Species description|scientifically described]].', --Year description }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Spiders described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Spiders by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Animals', --[[Category:Animals described in the 20th century]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Spiders by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Spiders| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Animals', --[[Category:Animals by year of formal description| ]] ['description'] = 'This category serves only to [[WP:DIFFUSE|diffuse]] the lower level "Spiders described in YEAR" categories, thus reducing their size.', }, }, --[[============================ Insects tree ============================]] ['Insects'] = { --"Group" ['minyear'] = 1757, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Insects described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Insects described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Animals', --[[Category:Animals described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; Default-group's description doesn't apply }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Insects described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Insects by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Animals', --[[Category:Animals described in the 20th century]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Insects by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Insects| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Animals', --[[Category:Animals by year of formal description| ]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Beetles'] = { --"Subgroup" to Insects ['minyear'] = 1757, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Beetles described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Beetles described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Insects', --[[Category:Insects described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Beetles described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Beetles by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Insects', --[[Category:Insects described in the 20th century]] ['sortkey2'] = '*', --[[Category:Insects described in the 20th century|*]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Beetles by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Beetles]] ['sortkey1'] = '*', --[[Category:Beetles|*]] ['parent2'] = 'Insects', --[[Category:Insects by year of formal description| ]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Butterflies'] = { --"Subgroup" to Insects ['minyear'] = 1757, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Butterflies described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Butterflies described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Insects', --[[Category:Insects described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Butterflies described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Butterflies by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Insects', --[[Category:Insects described in the 20th century]] ['sortkey2'] = '*', --[[Category:Insects described in the 20th century|*]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Butterflies by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Butterflies| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Insects', --[[Category:Insects by year of formal description| ]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Moths'] = { --"Subgroup" to Insects ['year'] = { --[[Category:Moths described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Moths described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Insects', --[[Category:Insects described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Moths described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Moths by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Insects', --[[Category:Insects described in the 20th century]] ['sortkey2'] = '*', --[[Category:Insects described in the 20th century|*]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Moths by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Moths| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Insects', --[[Category:Insects by year of formal description| ]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, --[[=========================== Molluscs tree ============================]] ['Bivalves'] = { --"Subgroup" to Molluscs ['year'] = { --[[Category:Bivalves described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Bivalves described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Bivalves described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Bivalves by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs described in the 20th century]] ['sortkey2'] = '*', --[[Category:Molluscs described in the 20th century|*]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Bivalves by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Bivalves| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs by year of formal description| ]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Cephalopods'] = { --"Subgroup" to Molluscs ['year'] = { --[[Category:Cephalopods described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Cephalopods described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Cephalopods described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Cephalopods by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs described in the 20th century]] ['sortkey2'] = '*', --[[Category:Molluscs described in the 20th century|*]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Cephalopods by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Cephalopods| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs by year of formal description| ]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Chitons'] = { --"Subgroup" to Molluscs ['year'] = { --[[Category:Chitons described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Chitons described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Chitons described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Chitons by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs described in the 20th century]] ['sortkey2'] = '*', --[[Category:Molluscs described in the 20th century|*]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Chitons by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Chitons| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs by year of formal description| ]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Gastropods'] = { --"Subgroup" to Molluscs ['year'] = { --[[Category:Gastropods described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Gastropods described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Gastropods described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Gastropods by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs described in the 20th century]] ['sortkey2'] = '*', --[[Category:Molluscs described in the 20th century|*]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Gastropods by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Gastropods| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs by year of formal description| ]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, --[[============================= Non-animals ============================]] ['Archaea'] = { --"Group" ['year'] = { --[[Category:Archaea described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Archaea described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Archaea described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Archaea by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in the 20th century]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Archaea by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Archaea| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species by year of formal description]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Bacteria'] = { --"Group" ['minyear'] = 1753, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Bacteria described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Bacteria described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Bacteria described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Bacteria by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in the 20th century]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Bacteria by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Bacteria| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species by year of formal description]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Fungi'] = { --"Group" ['minyear'] = 1753, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Fungi described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Fungi described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Fungi described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Fungi by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in the 20th century]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Fungi by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Fungi| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species by year of formal description]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Lichens'] = { --"Subgroup" to Fungi ['minyear'] = 1753, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Lichens described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Lichens described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Fungi', --[[Category:Fungi described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Lichens described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Lichens by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Fungi', --[[Category:Fungi described in the 20th century]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Lichens by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Lichens| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Fungi', --[[Category:Fungi by year of formal description]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Plants'] = { --"Group" ['minyear'] = 1753, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Plants described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Plants described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in 1901]] ['description'] = "This category includes plant species that were ''first formally and validly described'' in %year% according to the rules of the [[International Code of Botanical Nomenclature]]. Use [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] like the [[International Plant Names Index]] to figure out the proper category. For examples see the [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Plants/Description in year categories|WikiProject Plants essay]] on this topic.", --taken from [[Category:Plants described in 1928]] }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Plants described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Plants by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in the 20th century]] ['description'] = 'For advice on using the subcategories of this category, see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Plants/Description in year categories]].', --taken from [[Category:Plants described in the 21st century]] }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Plants by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Plants| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species by year of formal description]] ['description'] = 'For advice on using the subcategories of this category, see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Plants/Description in year categories]].', }, }, ['Protists'] = { --"Group" ['minyear'] = 1753, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Protists described in 1753]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Protists described in the 18th century|1753]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in 1753]] ['description'] = 'This category should only contain articles on [[species]] and notable [[subspecies]].', --Default }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Protists described in the 18th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Protists by year of formal description|18th]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in the 18th century]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd. }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Protists by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Protista', ['parent2'] = 'Eukaryotes by year of formal description', ['parent3'] = 'Microorganisms by year of formal description', ['sortkey1'] = ' ', ['sortkey2'] = ' ', ['sortkey3'] = ' ', ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd. }, }, ['Viruses'] = { --"Group" ['year'] = { --[[Category:Viruses described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Viruses described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Viruses described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Viruses by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in the 20th century]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Viruses by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Viruses| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species by year of formal description]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, --[[==================== "Species described in"-level ====================]] ['Species'] = { ['minyear'] = 1753, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Species described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Species described in the 20th century]] ['sortkey1'] = ' ', --[[Category:Species described in the 20th century| ]] ['parent2'] = 'Taxa', --[[Category:Taxa described in 1901]] ['parent3'] = 'environment', --[[Category:1901 in the environment]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Species described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Species by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Taxa', --[[Category:Taxa described in the 20th century]] ['parent3'] = 'environment', --[[Category:20th century in the environment]] ['description'] = "This category should only contain '''[[species]]''' and notable [[subspecies]] of [[Biota (taxonomy)|biota]] described in the '''[[%century% century]]'''.", --adapted from all 4 Species-century cats (18th-21st) }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Species by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Species]] ['sortkey1'] = 'Year', --[[Category:Species|Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Taxa', --[[Category:Taxa by year of formal description]] ['description'] = "See [[species description]].", --could be improved... }, }, --[[===================== "Taxa described in"-level ======================]] ['Taxa'] = { ['minyear'] = 1753, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Taxa described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Taxa described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'biology', --[[Category:1901 in biology]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Taxa described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Taxa by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'biology', --[[Category:20th century in biology]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd }, }, --[[==================== "Fossil taxa described in"-level ====================]] ['Fossil taxa'] = { ['minyear'] = 1753, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Fossil taxa described in the 20th century]] ['parent2'] = 'Taxa', --[[Category:Taxa described in 1901]] ['parent3'] = 'paleontology', --[[Category:1901 in paleontology]] ['description'] = 'This category should only contain articles on fossil [[genus|genera]] or lower.', }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Fossil taxa described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Fossil taxa by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Taxa', --[[Category:Taxa described in the 20th century]] ['parent3'] = 'paleontology', --[[Category:20th century in paleontology]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Fossil taxa by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Fossil taxa]] ['sortkey1'] = 'Year, by', --[[Category:Fossil taxa|Year, by]] ['parent2'] = 'Taxa', --[[Category:Taxa by year of formal description]] ['parent3'] = 'paleontology', --[[Category:Paleontology by year| ]] ['parent4'] = 'Prehistoric life', --[[Category:Prehistoric life]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Fossil parataxa'] = { ['year'] = { --[[Category:Fossil parataxa described in 1975]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Fossil parataxa described in the 20th century]] ['parent2'] = 'Fossil taxa', --[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1975]] ['description'] = 'This category should only contain articles on [[genus|genera]] or lower.', }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Fossil parataxa described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Fossil parataxa by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Fossil taxa', --[[Category:Fossil taxa described in the 20th century]] ['sortkey2'] = '*', --[[Category:Fossil taxa described in the 20th century|*]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Fossil parataxa by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Fossil parataxa]] ['parent2'] = 'Fossil taxa', --[[Category:Fossil taxa by year of formal description]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, } return p fj1owgpyyamyqyieck6vwxzuwc33p1q 1322825 1322820 2026-08-06T09:55:35Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Ag cur Gaeilge air 1322825 Scribunto text/plain --[[==========================================================================]] --[[ Case sensitive config/map table ]] --[[==========================================================================]] local p = { --[[============================================================================ Any categóir Group (e.g. Amphibians/Birds/etc.) or Subgroup NOT explicitly outlined here in conf{} will follow the 'Default' tree for that Group when the template is used on that category. The default-style catagóir tree is: year -> century -> formal year -> Animals:year -> Animals:century Decadal categories are deprecated (see documentation). To create a new tree, only if necessarily different from the default, copy an existing tree and paste it in an appropriate spot in the table, following the same general table format, and updating any Group-specific values and comments. %year% and %century% are variables available for use in the description text, and are evaluated based on the current category. ============================================================================]]-- ['Default'] = { --"Group" (Animals only; used for: Amphibians/Birds/Corals/Crustaceans/Fish/Mammals/Molluscs/Reptiles/Sponges) ['minyear'] = 1758, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 20ú hAois|1901]] --century or formal ['parent2'] = 'Animals', --[[Catagóir:Ainmhithe a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1901]] ['description'] = 'This category should only contain articles on [[species]] and notable [[subspecies]].', --adapted from [[Catagóir:Speicis a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] & [[Catagóir:Speicis a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 21ú hAois]] }, ['century'] = { --[[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 20ú hAois]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Catagóir:Éin de réir bhliain a chur síos fhoirmiúil|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Animals', --[[Catagóir:Ainmhithe a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 20ú hAois]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Catagóir:Éin de réir bhliain a chur síos fhoirmiúil]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Catagóir:Éin| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Animals', --[[Catagóir:Ainmhithe de réir bhliain a chur síos fhoirmiúil| ]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Animals'] = { --"Group" ['minyear'] = 1757, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Animals described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Animals described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; *not* a container cat }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Animals described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Animals by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in the 20th century]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Animals by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Animals| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species by year of formal description]] ['description'] = "Year that the taxon was first [[Species description|scientifically described]]. ".. "Most often the same year as in the [[Author citation (zoology)|author citation]], ".. "but this is not always the case (see ''[[nomen novum]]'', ''[[nomen conservandum]]'', ''[[nomen oblitum]]'').", }, }, ['Spiders'] = { --"Group"; ICZN allows names in Clerck's Aranei Svecici of 1757, earliest date used in World Spider Catalog ['minyear'] = 1757, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Spiders described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Spiders described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Animals', --[[Category:Animals described in 1901]] ['description'] = 'Year that the species was first [[Species description|scientifically described]].', --Year description }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Spiders described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Spiders by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Animals', --[[Category:Animals described in the 20th century]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Spiders by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Spiders| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Animals', --[[Category:Animals by year of formal description| ]] ['description'] = 'This category serves only to [[WP:DIFFUSE|diffuse]] the lower level "Spiders described in YEAR" categories, thus reducing their size.', }, }, --[[============================ Insects tree ============================]] ['Insects'] = { --"Group" ['minyear'] = 1757, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Insects described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Insects described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Animals', --[[Category:Animals described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; Default-group's description doesn't apply }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Insects described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Insects by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Animals', --[[Category:Animals described in the 20th century]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Insects by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Insects| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Animals', --[[Category:Animals by year of formal description| ]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Beetles'] = { --"Subgroup" to Insects ['minyear'] = 1757, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Beetles described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Beetles described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Insects', --[[Category:Insects described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Beetles described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Beetles by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Insects', --[[Category:Insects described in the 20th century]] ['sortkey2'] = '*', --[[Category:Insects described in the 20th century|*]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Beetles by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Beetles]] ['sortkey1'] = '*', --[[Category:Beetles|*]] ['parent2'] = 'Insects', --[[Category:Insects by year of formal description| ]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Butterflies'] = { --"Subgroup" to Insects ['minyear'] = 1757, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Butterflies described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Butterflies described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Insects', --[[Category:Insects described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Butterflies described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Butterflies by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Insects', --[[Category:Insects described in the 20th century]] ['sortkey2'] = '*', --[[Category:Insects described in the 20th century|*]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Butterflies by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Butterflies| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Insects', --[[Category:Insects by year of formal description| ]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Moths'] = { --"Subgroup" to Insects ['year'] = { --[[Category:Moths described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Moths described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Insects', --[[Category:Insects described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Moths described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Moths by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Insects', --[[Category:Insects described in the 20th century]] ['sortkey2'] = '*', --[[Category:Insects described in the 20th century|*]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Moths by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Moths| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Insects', --[[Category:Insects by year of formal description| ]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, --[[=========================== Molluscs tree ============================]] ['Bivalves'] = { --"Subgroup" to Molluscs ['year'] = { --[[Category:Bivalves described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Bivalves described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Bivalves described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Bivalves by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs described in the 20th century]] ['sortkey2'] = '*', --[[Category:Molluscs described in the 20th century|*]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Bivalves by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Bivalves| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs by year of formal description| ]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Cephalopods'] = { --"Subgroup" to Molluscs ['year'] = { --[[Category:Cephalopods described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Cephalopods described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Cephalopods described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Cephalopods by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs described in the 20th century]] ['sortkey2'] = '*', --[[Category:Molluscs described in the 20th century|*]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Cephalopods by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Cephalopods| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs by year of formal description| ]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Chitons'] = { --"Subgroup" to Molluscs ['year'] = { --[[Category:Chitons described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Chitons described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Chitons described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Chitons by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs described in the 20th century]] ['sortkey2'] = '*', --[[Category:Molluscs described in the 20th century|*]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Chitons by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Chitons| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs by year of formal description| ]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Gastropods'] = { --"Subgroup" to Molluscs ['year'] = { --[[Category:Gastropods described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Gastropods described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Gastropods described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Gastropods by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs described in the 20th century]] ['sortkey2'] = '*', --[[Category:Molluscs described in the 20th century|*]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Gastropods by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Gastropods| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Molluscs', --[[Category:Molluscs by year of formal description| ]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, --[[============================= Non-animals ============================]] ['Archaea'] = { --"Group" ['year'] = { --[[Category:Archaea described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Archaea described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Archaea described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Archaea by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in the 20th century]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Archaea by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Archaea| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species by year of formal description]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Bacteria'] = { --"Group" ['minyear'] = 1753, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Bacteria described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Bacteria described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Bacteria described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Bacteria by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in the 20th century]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Bacteria by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Bacteria| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species by year of formal description]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Fungi'] = { --"Group" ['minyear'] = 1753, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Fungi described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Fungi described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Fungi described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Fungi by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in the 20th century]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Fungi by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Fungi| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species by year of formal description]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Lichens'] = { --"Subgroup" to Fungi ['minyear'] = 1753, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Lichens described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Lichens described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Fungi', --[[Category:Fungi described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Lichens described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Lichens by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Fungi', --[[Category:Fungi described in the 20th century]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Lichens by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Lichens| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Fungi', --[[Category:Fungi by year of formal description]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Plants'] = { --"Group" ['minyear'] = 1753, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Plants described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Plants described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in 1901]] ['description'] = "This category includes plant species that were ''first formally and validly described'' in %year% according to the rules of the [[International Code of Botanical Nomenclature]]. Use [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] like the [[International Plant Names Index]] to figure out the proper category. For examples see the [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Plants/Description in year categories|WikiProject Plants essay]] on this topic.", --taken from [[Category:Plants described in 1928]] }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Plants described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Plants by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in the 20th century]] ['description'] = 'For advice on using the subcategories of this category, see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Plants/Description in year categories]].', --taken from [[Category:Plants described in the 21st century]] }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Plants by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Plants| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species by year of formal description]] ['description'] = 'For advice on using the subcategories of this category, see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Plants/Description in year categories]].', }, }, ['Protists'] = { --"Group" ['minyear'] = 1753, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Protists described in 1753]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Protists described in the 18th century|1753]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in 1753]] ['description'] = 'This category should only contain articles on [[species]] and notable [[subspecies]].', --Default }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Protists described in the 18th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Protists by year of formal description|18th]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in the 18th century]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd. }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Protists by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Protista', ['parent2'] = 'Eukaryotes by year of formal description', ['parent3'] = 'Microorganisms by year of formal description', ['sortkey1'] = ' ', ['sortkey2'] = ' ', ['sortkey3'] = ' ', ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd. }, }, ['Viruses'] = { --"Group" ['year'] = { --[[Category:Viruses described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Viruses described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in 1901]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd; 'This category should only contain species articles', etc... }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Viruses described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Viruses by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species described in the 20th century]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd; container category, etc... }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Viruses by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Viruses| Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Species', --[[Category:Species by year of formal description]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, --[[==================== "Species described in"-level ====================]] ['Species'] = { ['minyear'] = 1753, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Species described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Species described in the 20th century]] ['sortkey1'] = ' ', --[[Category:Species described in the 20th century| ]] ['parent2'] = 'Taxa', --[[Category:Taxa described in 1901]] ['parent3'] = 'environment', --[[Category:1901 in the environment]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Species described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Species by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Taxa', --[[Category:Taxa described in the 20th century]] ['parent3'] = 'environment', --[[Category:20th century in the environment]] ['description'] = "This category should only contain '''[[species]]''' and notable [[subspecies]] of [[Biota (taxonomy)|biota]] described in the '''[[%century% century]]'''.", --adapted from all 4 Species-century cats (18th-21st) }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Species by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Species]] ['sortkey1'] = 'Year', --[[Category:Species|Year]] ['parent2'] = 'Taxa', --[[Category:Taxa by year of formal description]] ['description'] = "See [[species description]].", --could be improved... }, }, --[[===================== "Taxa described in"-level ======================]] ['Taxa'] = { ['minyear'] = 1753, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Taxa described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Taxa described in the 20th century|1901]] ['parent2'] = 'biology', --[[Category:1901 in biology]] ['description'] = '', --Year description tbd }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Taxa described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Taxa by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'biology', --[[Category:20th century in biology]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd }, }, --[[==================== "Fossil taxa described in"-level ====================]] ['Fossil taxa'] = { ['minyear'] = 1753, --integer; lowest possible year displayed in nav bars; defaults to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 ['year'] = { --[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1901]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Fossil taxa described in the 20th century]] ['parent2'] = 'Taxa', --[[Category:Taxa described in 1901]] ['parent3'] = 'paleontology', --[[Category:1901 in paleontology]] ['description'] = 'This category should only contain articles on fossil [[genus|genera]] or lower.', }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Fossil taxa described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Fossil taxa by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Taxa', --[[Category:Taxa described in the 20th century]] ['parent3'] = 'paleontology', --[[Category:20th century in paleontology]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Fossil taxa by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Fossil taxa]] ['sortkey1'] = 'Year, by', --[[Category:Fossil taxa|Year, by]] ['parent2'] = 'Taxa', --[[Category:Taxa by year of formal description]] ['parent3'] = 'paleontology', --[[Category:Paleontology by year| ]] ['parent4'] = 'Prehistoric life', --[[Category:Prehistoric life]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, ['Fossil parataxa'] = { ['year'] = { --[[Category:Fossil parataxa described in 1975]] ['parent1'] = 'century', --[[Category:Fossil parataxa described in the 20th century]] ['parent2'] = 'Fossil taxa', --[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1975]] ['description'] = 'This category should only contain articles on [[genus|genera]] or lower.', }, ['century'] = { --[[Category:Fossil parataxa described in the 20th century]] ['parent1'] = 'formal', --[[Category:Fossil parataxa by year of formal description|20th]] ['parent2'] = 'Fossil taxa', --[[Category:Fossil taxa described in the 20th century]] ['sortkey2'] = '*', --[[Category:Fossil taxa described in the 20th century|*]] ['description'] = '', --Century description tbd }, ['formal'] = { --[[Category:Fossil parataxa by year of formal description]] ['parent1'] = 'Group', --[[Category:Fossil parataxa]] ['parent2'] = 'Fossil taxa', --[[Category:Fossil taxa by year of formal description]] ['description'] = '', --Formal description tbd; container category, etc... }, }, } return p dqu4wiwra7ftp5pom9n1zwrwch2c8kg 828 127328 1322821 2026-08-06T09:30:17Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'require('strict') --[[==========================================================================]] --[[ Local functions ]] --[[==========================================================================]] local function addOrd( i ) --12 -> 12th, etc. if tonumber(i) then local s = tostring(i) local tens = string.match(s, '1%d$') local ones = string.match(s, '%d$') if tens then return s...' 1322821 Scribunto text/plain require('strict') --[[==========================================================================]] --[[ Local functions ]] --[[==========================================================================]] local function addOrd( i ) --12 -> 12th, etc. if tonumber(i) then local s = tostring(i) local tens = string.match(s, '1%d$') local ones = string.match(s, '%d$') if tens then return s..'th' elseif ones == '1' then return s..'st' elseif ones == '2' then return s..'nd' elseif ones == '3' then return s..'rd' elseif ones ~= nil then return s..'th' end end return '' end local function isNilOrEmpty( thing ) return (thing == nil or thing == '') end local p = {} --[[==========================================================================]] --[[ External function ]] --[[==========================================================================]] function p.autodetect( frame ) local conf = require( 'Module:Category described in year/config' ) --configuration module local commonsLink = require('Module:Commons link') local currentTitle = mw.title.getCurrentTitle() local parentArg = frame:getParent().args[1] --accept 1 unnamed category parameter if not in category namespace; required for testing/doc/etc. purposes local header = ' ' --header template(s), nav bar, and category description text; whitespace-initialized for convenience local nav = nil local portal = nil --for {{Portal|...}} local commons = nil --for {{Commons|...}} local wikispecies = nil --for {{Wikispecies|...}} local description = nil local toc = nil local categories = {} local trackingCats = { [1] = '', --placeholder for [[Category:Described in year unknown category]] [2] = '', --placeholder for [[Category:Described in year error]] [3] = '', --placeholder for [[Category:Described in year with manual category]] } local outString = nil local bConfError = false --prelim namespace/title determination local currCat = nil local currQID = nil if currentTitle.namespace == 14 then --category namespace currCat = currentTitle.text --without namespace nor interwiki prefixes currQID = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() else if parentArg then currCat = mw.ustring.gsub(parentArg, 'Category:', '') currQID = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForTitle('Category:'..currCat) else --currQID & currCat both nil if currentTitle.fullText ~= 'Template:Category described in year' then --ignore self... trackingCats[2] = '[[Category:Described in year error|P]]' --missing a category parameter outside category namespace end end end --find commons & wikispecies link(s); produce {{Commons and category}} and/or {{Wikispecies}} template(s) if currQID then if commonsLink._hasGallery(currQID) or commonsLink._hasCategory(currQID) then commons = frame:expandTemplate{ title = 'Commons and category', args = { qid=currQID }} end local currEntity = mw.wikibase.getEntity(currQID) if currEntity then --check "Other sites" sitelinks for Wikispecies local currSiteLinks = currEntity.sitelinks if currSiteLinks then local currSpeciesWiki = currEntity.sitelinks.specieswiki if currSpeciesWiki then local currSpeciesWikiTitle = currSpeciesWiki.title if currSpeciesWikiTitle then wikispecies = frame:expandTemplate{ title = 'Wikispecies', args = { currSpeciesWikiTitle } } end end end end end --[[======================================================================]] --[[ Main ]] --[[======================================================================]] if currCat then --determine current/related/adjacent cats' properties/vars/etc. local currGroup = mw.ustring.match(currCat, '^([%w ]+) described in') --Bacteria/Plants/etc. if isNilOrEmpty(currGroup) then currGroup = mw.ustring.match(currCat, '^([%w ]+) by century of formal description') end if conf[currGroup] == nil then conf[currGroup] = conf['Default'] end --default to Default local currYDCF = nil --possible future values: year/decade/century/formal local currYear = mw.ustring.match(currCat, 'described in (%d%d%d%d)$') local currDeca = mw.ustring.match(currCat, 'described in the (%d%d%d%d)s$') --deprecated local currCent = mw.ustring.match(currCat, 'described in the (%d+)[snrt][tdh] century$') local currFrml = mw.ustring.match(currCat, 'by century of (formal) description$') local parentCent = nil --used with currYear local minYear = tonumber(conf[currGroup].minyear) if minYear == nil or (minYear and (minYear <= 1700 or minYear >= 2000)) then minYear = 1758 --default to 1758 per ICZN Art. 5 end if currYear then currYDCF = 'year' if mw.ustring.match(currYear, '^%d%d00') then --1900 in 19th century parentCent = mw.ustring.match(currYear, '^%d%d') else --1901 in 20th century parentCent = 1 + mw.ustring.match(currYear, '^%d%d') end elseif currDeca then currYDCF = 'decade' bConfError = true trackingCats[2] = '[[Category:Described in year error|D]]' --invalid decade-parent (deprecated) elseif currCent then currYDCF = 'century' elseif currFrml then currYDCF = 'formal' else bConfError = true trackingCats[2] = '[[Category:Described in year error|N]]' --invalid category name end --conf error checkng (missing keys) --Numeric sortkeys are unfortunately grouped together under "0-9". --Check phab T203355 (Magic word to force category number headings instead of 0-9). if bConfError == false then if conf[currGroup] == nil then bConfError = true trackingCats[2] = '[[Category:Described in year error|1]]' --group (Bacteria/Plants/etc.) key missing from conf elseif conf[currGroup][currYDCF] == nil then bConfError = true trackingCats[2] = '[[Category:Described in year error|2]]' --year/century/formal key missing else if conf[currGroup][currYDCF].description == nil then bConfError = true trackingCats[2] = '[[Category:Described in year error|3]]' --description key missing end if conf[currGroup][currYDCF].parent1 == nil then bConfError = true trackingCats[2] = '[[Category:Described in year error|4]]' --parent key missing end end end if bConfError == false then --produce portal if currGroup == 'Fossil taxa' or currGroup == 'Fossil parataxa' then portal = frame:expandTemplate{ title = 'Portal', args = { 'Paleontology' } } end --produce description, evaluate %variables% description = conf[currGroup][currYDCF].description if mw.ustring.match(description, '%%year%%') then if currYear then description = mw.ustring.gsub(description, '%%year%%', currYear) --"2011" else description = mw.ustring.gsub(description, '%%year%%', 'this year') end end if mw.ustring.match(description, '%%century%%') then if currCent then description = mw.ustring.gsub(description, '%%century%%', addOrd(currCent)) --"21st" else description = mw.ustring.gsub(description, '%%century%%', 'this century') end end --produce cats & navs local iparent = 1 local parenti = 'parent'..iparent local sortkeyi = 'sortkey'..iparent while conf[currGroup][currYDCF][parenti] do local parent = conf[currGroup][currYDCF][parenti] local sortkey = conf[currGroup][currYDCF][sortkeyi] --[[========================== Year ==========================]] if currYDCF == 'year' then if nav == nil then local args = { ['min'] = minYear, ['skip-gaps'] = 'yes' } if parentArg and currentTitle.namespace ~= 14 then args['testcase'] = parentArg end nav = frame:expandTemplate{ title = 'Category series navigation', args = args } end if parent == 'century' then if isNilOrEmpty(sortkey) then sortkey = currYear end --default to currYear categories[iparent] = '[[Category:'..currGroup..' described in the '..addOrd(parentCent)..' century|'..sortkey..']]' elseif parent == 'biology' then if isNilOrEmpty(sortkey) then sortkey = '' --default to none else sortkey = '|'..sortkey end if tonumber(currYear) < 1865 then categories[iparent] = '[[Category:'..currYear..' in science'..sortkey..']]' --biology cat structure doesn't exist pre-1865, as of 10/2018 else categories[iparent] = '[[Category:'..currYear..' in biology'..sortkey..']]' --if/when all biology cats exists, merge this elseif with 'paleontology' end elseif parent == 'paleontology' then if isNilOrEmpty(sortkey) then sortkey = '' --default to none else sortkey = '|'..sortkey end categories[iparent] = '[[Category:'..currYear..' in '..parent..sortkey..']]' elseif parent == 'environment' then if isNilOrEmpty(sortkey) then sortkey = '' --default to none else sortkey = '|'..sortkey end categories[iparent] = '[[Category:'..currYear..' in the environment'..sortkey..']]' elseif mw.ustring.match(parent, '^%u[%l ]+') then --e.g. Animals/Insects/Fossil taxa if isNilOrEmpty(sortkey) then sortkey = '' --default to none else sortkey = '|'..sortkey end categories[iparent] = '[[Category:'..parent..' described in '..currYear..sortkey..']]' else trackingCats[2] = '[[Category:Described in year error|Y]]' --invalid year-parent end --[[======================== Century =========================]] elseif currYDCF == 'century' then if nav == nil then local args = {} if parentArg and currentTitle.namespace ~= 14 then args['testcase'] = parentArg end nav = frame:expandTemplate{ title = 'Container category' } .. frame:expandTemplate{ title = 'Category series navigation', args = args } end if parent == 'formal' then if isNilOrEmpty(sortkey) then sortkey = addOrd(currCent) end --default to currCent categories[iparent] = '[[Category:'..currGroup..' by century of formal description|'..sortkey..']]' elseif parent == 'biology' then if isNilOrEmpty(sortkey) then sortkey = '' --default to none else sortkey = '|'..sortkey end if tonumber(currCent) < 19 then categories[iparent] = '[[Category:'..addOrd(currCent)..' century in science'..sortkey..']]' --biology cat structure doesn't exist pre-1865, as of 10/2018 else categories[iparent] = '[[Category:'..addOrd(currCent)..' century in biology'..sortkey..']]' --if/when all biology cats exists, merge this elseif with 'paleontology' end elseif parent == 'paleontology' then if isNilOrEmpty(sortkey) then sortkey = '' --default to none else sortkey = '|'..sortkey end categories[iparent] = '[[Category:'..addOrd(currCent)..' century in '..parent..sortkey..']]' elseif parent == 'environment' then if isNilOrEmpty(sortkey) then sortkey = '' --default to none else sortkey = '|'..sortkey end categories[iparent] = '[[Category:'..addOrd(currCent)..' century in the environment'..sortkey..']]' elseif mw.ustring.match(parent, '^%u[%l ]+') then --e.g. Animals/Insects/Fossil taxa if isNilOrEmpty(sortkey) then sortkey = '' --default to none else sortkey = '|'..sortkey end categories[iparent] = '[[Category:'..parent..' described in the '..addOrd(currCent)..' century'..sortkey..']]' else trackingCats[2] = '[[Category:Described in year error|C]]' --invalid century-parent end --[[======================== Formal ==========================]] elseif currYDCF == 'formal' then local formalParentsDefaultSortkey_Space = { ['Animals'] = true, ['Insects'] = true, ['Molluscs'] = true, ['Fungi'] = true, } local formalParentsDefaultSortkey_None = { ['Species'] = true, ['Taxa'] = true, ['Fossil taxa'] = true, } if nav == nil then nav = frame:expandTemplate{ title = 'Container category' } end if parent == 'Group' then if isNilOrEmpty(sortkey) then sortkey = ' Year' end --default to " Year" categories[iparent] = '[[Category:'..currGroup..'|'..sortkey..']]' elseif parent == 'paleontology' then if isNilOrEmpty(sortkey) then sortkey = ' ' end --default to " "; special parent categories[iparent] = '[[Category:Paleontology by year|'..sortkey..']]' elseif parent then --allow freeform formal-parents, as long as they exist if mw.title.new( parent, 'Category' ).exists then if sortkey then categories[iparent] = '[[Category:'..parent..'|'..sortkey..']]' else categories[iparent] = '[[Category:'..parent..']]' end else trackingCats[2] = '[[Category:Described in year error|G]]' --invalid freeform formal-parent end elseif formalParentsDefaultSortkey_Space[parent] then if isNilOrEmpty(sortkey) then sortkey = ' ' end --default to " "; normal parent categories[iparent] = '[[Category:'..parent..' by century of formal description|'..sortkey..']]' elseif formalParentsDefaultSortkey_None[parent] then if isNilOrEmpty(sortkey) then sortkey = '' --default to none; normal parent else sortkey = '|'..sortkey end categories[iparent] = '[[Category:'..parent..' by century of formal description'..sortkey..']]' else trackingCats[2] = '[[Category:Described in year error|F]]' --invalid formal-parent end --[[========================= Error ==========================]] else trackingCats[2] = '[[Category:Described in year error|U]]' --unknown configuration end iparent = iparent + 1 parenti = 'parent'..iparent sortkeyi = 'sortkey'..iparent end --while conf[currGroup][currYDCF][parenti] do end --if bConfError == false then --check for non-existent cats for _, category in pairs(categories) do local cat = mw.ustring.match(category, '%[%[Category:([%w%s]+)') if mw.title.new(cat, 14).exists == false then trackingCats[1] = '[[Category:Described in year unknown category]]' break end end --check for manual cats if currentTitle.namespace == 14 then --category namespace local currContent = mw.title.makeTitle( 'Category', currCat or '' ):getContent() local mancat = mw.ustring.match(currContent or '', '%[%[%s*Category') if mancat then trackingCats[3] = '[[Category:Described in year with manual category]]' end end end --if currCat then --build header local br = '<br />' local n = '\n' if nav then header = nav end if portal then header = header..n..portal end if commons then header = header..n..commons end if wikispecies then header = header..n..wikispecies end if description and description ~= '' then header = header..description elseif portal or commons or wikispecies then header = mw.ustring.gsub(header, br, '') end if toc then header = header..br..toc end --rem surrounding whitespace header = mw.text.trim(header) header = mw.ustring.gsub(header, '^'..br, '') header = mw.ustring.gsub(header, br..'$', '') --append header to outString if outString then outString = outString..header else outString = header end --append cats to outString if currentTitle.namespace == 14 then --category namespace if table.maxn(categories) > 0 then outString = outString..table.concat(categories) end outString = outString..table.concat(trackingCats) else if table.maxn(categories) > 0 then --might be 0 if there's an error before setting cats outString = outString..br..mw.ustring.gsub(table.concat(categories, br), '%[%[', '[[:') end outString = outString..br..mw.ustring.gsub(table.concat(trackingCats, br), '%[%[', '[[:') --ws cleanup while string.match(outString, br..br) do --rem dup brs produced by empty ('') first/consecutive tracking cat/s outString = string.gsub(outString, br..br, br) end end return outString end return p ozm6cb1r6b5zafz0i8rka4wo8bsqdn2 828 127329 1322822 2026-08-06T09:33:40Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{High-use}} {{Lua |Module:Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain/config |Module:Commons link }} {{Lua sidebar}} Implements {{tl|Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> }}</includeonly> <noinclude> [[Catagóir:doiciméadúchán Vicipéid]] </noinclude>' 1322822 wikitext text/x-wiki {{High-use}} {{Lua |Module:Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain/config |Module:Commons link }} {{Lua sidebar}} Implements {{tl|Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> }}</includeonly> <noinclude> [[Catagóir:doiciméadúchán Vicipéid]] </noinclude> o1yiok48cnfgumkokhmw8o48ded7ekc 828 127330 1322823 2026-08-06T09:35:53Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '<!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{High-use|5169}} {{Lua sidebar|title=Module:Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} This is the configuration file for [[Module:Module:Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain]]. <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> }}</includeonly> <no...' 1322823 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{High-use|5169}} {{Lua sidebar|title=Module:Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} This is the configuration file for [[Module:Module:Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain]]. <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> }}</includeonly> <noinclude> [[Catagóir:Doiciméadúchán Vicipéid]] </noinclude> l74dkp5bi5y1h9ikjrnv31i03ka3k2d 1322824 1322823 2026-08-06T09:36:31Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322824 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{High-use|5169}} {{Lua sidebar|title=Module:Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} This is the configuration file for [[Module:Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain]]. <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> }}</includeonly> <noinclude> [[Catagóir:Doiciméadúchán Vicipéid]] </noinclude> lpzjawmuv26qzze6wrwzlm93s8n0up2 14 127331 1322840 2026-08-06T11:50:53Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Is catagóir choimeádáin í seo. Níor cheart ach fochatagóirí a bheith anseo. [[Catagóir:Éin de réir bhliain a chur síos fhoirmiúil]] [[Catagóir:Ainmhithe a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 20ú hAois]]' 1322840 wikitext text/x-wiki Is catagóir choimeádáin í seo. Níor cheart ach fochatagóirí a bheith anseo. [[Catagóir:Éin de réir bhliain a chur síos fhoirmiúil]] [[Catagóir:Ainmhithe a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 20ú hAois]] eis3pxas2936f1myhnocwldh8agaain 1322846 1322840 2026-08-06T11:57:48Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322846 wikitext text/x-wiki Is catagóir choimeádáin í seo. Níor cheart ach fochatagóirí a bheith anseo. [[Catagóir:Éin de réir chéad a chur síos fhoirmiúil]] [[Catagóir:Ainmhithe a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 20ú hAois]] 58p5mmyp21wao3lr7u9064nj8tn41q2 14 127332 1322842 2026-08-06T11:53:50Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Is catagóir choimeádáin í seo. Níor cheart ach fochatagóirí a bheith anseo.' 1322842 wikitext text/x-wiki Is catagóir choimeádáin í seo. Níor cheart ach fochatagóirí a bheith anseo. m91x6uerttriwf2h1gq0f7ft6vuefgf 1322843 1322842 2026-08-06T11:55:07Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322843 wikitext text/x-wiki Is catagóir choimeádáin í seo. Níor cheart ach fochatagóirí a bheith anseo. [[Catagóir:Éin de réir bhliain a chur síos fhoirmiúil]] [[Catagóir:Ainmhithe a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] q4br0w8hc461oorcb8ztdul7pmx1u3c 14 127333 1322844 2026-08-06T11:55:27Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Is catagóir choimeádáin í seo. Níor cheart ach fochatagóirí a bheith anseo. [[Catagóir:Éin de réir bhliain a chur síos fhoirmiúil]] [[Catagóir:Ainmhithe a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]]' 1322844 wikitext text/x-wiki Is catagóir choimeádáin í seo. Níor cheart ach fochatagóirí a bheith anseo. [[Catagóir:Éin de réir bhliain a chur síos fhoirmiúil]] [[Catagóir:Ainmhithe a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 00zux5m8gpmef1ar1h8lz6qd2f0f8d4 14 127334 1322845 2026-08-06T11:55:53Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Is catagóir choimeádáin í seo. Níor cheart ach fochatagóirí a bheith anseo. [[Catagóir:Éin de réir bhliain a chur síos fhoirmiúil]] [[Catagóir:Ainmhithe a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 21ú hAois]]' 1322845 wikitext text/x-wiki Is catagóir choimeádáin í seo. Níor cheart ach fochatagóirí a bheith anseo. [[Catagóir:Éin de réir bhliain a chur síos fhoirmiúil]] [[Catagóir:Ainmhithe a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 21ú hAois]] mwmn062gthumhemh3g2r49lkqct7scz