Vicipéid gawiki https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%ADomhleathanach MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.14 first-letter Meán Speisialta Plé Úsáideoir Plé úsáideora Vicipéid Plé Vicipéide Íomhá Plé íomhá MediaWiki Plé MediaWiki Teimpléad Plé teimpléid Cabhair Plé cabhrach Catagóir Plé catagóire TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 6335 1323297 1275958 2026-08-07T11:08:49Z Conradder 34685 /* Tarluithe eile */ 1323297 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Lúnasa}} Is é an '''7 Lúnasa''' an 219ú lá den bhliain de réir fhéilire Ghréagóra nó an 220ú lá i mbliain bhisigh. Tá 146 lá fágtha sa bhliain. == Féilte == * [[An Cósta Eabhair]] - Lá na Saoirse ([[1960]]) == Daoine a rugadh ar an lá seo == * [[1870]] — [[Gustav Krupp]], tionsclaí a rugadh sa Háig (b. [[1950]]) * [[1880]] — [[Thomas Falvey]], polaiteoir Éireannach (b. [[1941]]) * [[1884]] — [[Billie Burke]], ban-aisteoir Meiriceánach (b. [[1970]]) * [[1890]] — [[Elizabeth Gurley Flynn]], polaiteoir Meiriceánach (b. [[1964]]) * [[1902]] — [[Ann Harding]], ban-aisteoir Meiriceánach (b. [[1981]]) * [[1903]] — [[Louis Leakey|Louis Seymour Bazett Leakey]], antraipeolaí Briotanach a saolaíodh sa Chéinia (b. [[1972]]) * [[1911]] — [[Nicholas Ray]], stiúrthóir scannáin, (b. [[1979]]) * [[1927]] — [[Carl Switzer]], aisteoir Meiriceánach (b. [[1959]]) * [[1937]] — [[Zoltán Berczik]], imreoir leadóg bhoird (b. [[2011]]) * [[1939]] — [[Rosemary Smith]], tiománaí railí Éireannach (b. [[2023]]) * [[1942]] — [[Carlos Monzón]], dornálaí Airgintíneach (b. [[1995]]) * [[1948]] — [[Marianella García Villas]], polaiteoir agus dlíodóir Salvadórach (b. [[1983]]) * [[1952]] — [[Marie Godard]], scríbhneoir as Québec * [[1955]] — [[Wayne Knight]], aisteoir agus fuirseoir Meiriceánach * [[1960]] — [[David Duchovny]], aisteoir [[Meiriceánach]] * [[1961]] — [[Maggie Wheeler]], ban-aisteoir * [[1964]] — [[Tom McGrath]], guthaisteoir, beochantóir, agus stiúrthóir scannán Meiriceánach * [[1966]] — [[Jimmy Wales]], bunaitheoir na Vicipéide * [[1970]] — [[Andrew Fahie]], polaiteoir * [[1973]] — [[Armand Krajnc]], dornálaí Sualannach * [[1975]] — [[Charlize Theron]], aisteoir [[Meiriceánach]] * [[1982]] — [[Abbie Cornish]], ban-aisteoir Astrálach * [[1983]] — [[Tina O'Brien]], ban-aisteoir Briotanach * [[1984]] — [[Yun Hyon-seok]], gníomhaí Cóiréach ar son chearta an duine (b. [[2003]]) * [[1986]] — [[Claire Sugden]], polaiteoir aontachtach * [[1997]] — [[Matty Cash]], imreoir sacair Sasanach == Daoine a fuair bás ar an lá seo == * [[1106]] — [[Anraí IV, Impire Naofa Rómhánach|Anraí IV]], Impire Naofa Rómhánach (r. [[1050]]) * [[1629]] — [[John Speed]], ársaitheoir is cartaghrafaí Sasanach (r. [[1552]]) * [[1834]] — [[Joseph Marie Jacquard]], ceapadóir Francach (r. [[1752]]) * [[1848]] — [[Jöns Jakob Berzelius]], ceimiceoir Sualannach (r. [[1779]]) * [[1941]] — [[Rabindranath Tagore]], File agus fealsamh Beangáilis (r. [[1861]]) * [[1942]] — [[Jack Dillon]], Dornálaí trom-mheáchan éadrom (r. [[1891]]) * [[1943]] — [[Sarah Purser]], ealaíontóir Éireannach (r [[1848]]) * [[1957]] — [[Oliver Hardy]], fuirseoir agus aisteoir Meiriceánach (r. [[1892]]) * [[1958]] — [[Karl Spencer Lashley]], síceolaí Meiriceánach (r. [[1890]]) * [[1965]] — [[Fionn Mac Cumhaill (scríbhneoir)|Fionn Mac Cumhaill]], scríbhneoir Éireannach (r. [[1885]]) * [[1981]] — [[Herman Dreer]], údar Afra-Mheiriceánach (r. [[1888]]) * [[2000]] — [[Màiri Anna Nic Leòid Trump]], máthair Donald Trump (r. [[1912]]) * [[2011]] — [[Harri Holkeri]], Príomh-Aire na Fionlainne ó 1987 go 1991 (r. [[1937]]) * [[2021]] — [[Jane Withers]], ban-aisteoir Meiriceánach (r. [[1926]]) == Tarluithe eile == * [[768]] - Toghadh [[Pápa Stiofán III]] * [[936]] - Corónaíodh [[Otto I, Impire Naofa Rómhánach|Otto Mór]] ina rí na Gearmáine * [[1858]] - Tharla an chéad chluiche de [[Peil Astrálach|Pheil Astrálach]], a bhí idir ''Scotch College'' agus ''Melbourne Grammar School '' * [[1926]] - Reáchtáladh an chéad [[''Grand Prix'' na Ríochta Aontaithe]] ag ''Brooklands'' * [[1960]] - Bhain [[an Cósta Eabhair]] neamhspleáchas amach ón [[An Fhrainc|Fhrainc]]. * [[1972]] - Thug ceannaire [[Uganda]], [[Idi Amin]], 90 lá do mhuintir na h[[An Áise|Aise]] an tír sin a fhágáil. * [[1998]] - Maraíodh os coinn 200 duine nuair a phléasc buamaí ag ambasaidí na [[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|Stát Aontaithe]] sa [[An Chéinia|Chéinia]] agus sa [[An Tansáin|Tansáin]]. <!-- idirvicí --> [[Catagóir:Dátaí|0807]] [[Catagóir:Míonna|Lúnasa, 7]] sqlrgot36iadf2ysvgnor8z6qhao310 1323298 1323297 2026-08-07T11:09:02Z Conradder 34685 /* Tarluithe eile */ 1323298 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Lúnasa}} Is é an '''7 Lúnasa''' an 219ú lá den bhliain de réir fhéilire Ghréagóra nó an 220ú lá i mbliain bhisigh. Tá 146 lá fágtha sa bhliain. == Féilte == * [[An Cósta Eabhair]] - Lá na Saoirse ([[1960]]) == Daoine a rugadh ar an lá seo == * [[1870]] — [[Gustav Krupp]], tionsclaí a rugadh sa Háig (b. [[1950]]) * [[1880]] — [[Thomas Falvey]], polaiteoir Éireannach (b. [[1941]]) * [[1884]] — [[Billie Burke]], ban-aisteoir Meiriceánach (b. [[1970]]) * [[1890]] — [[Elizabeth Gurley Flynn]], polaiteoir Meiriceánach (b. [[1964]]) * [[1902]] — [[Ann Harding]], ban-aisteoir Meiriceánach (b. [[1981]]) * [[1903]] — [[Louis Leakey|Louis Seymour Bazett Leakey]], antraipeolaí Briotanach a saolaíodh sa Chéinia (b. [[1972]]) * [[1911]] — [[Nicholas Ray]], stiúrthóir scannáin, (b. [[1979]]) * [[1927]] — [[Carl Switzer]], aisteoir Meiriceánach (b. [[1959]]) * [[1937]] — [[Zoltán Berczik]], imreoir leadóg bhoird (b. [[2011]]) * [[1939]] — [[Rosemary Smith]], tiománaí railí Éireannach (b. [[2023]]) * [[1942]] — [[Carlos Monzón]], dornálaí Airgintíneach (b. [[1995]]) * [[1948]] — [[Marianella García Villas]], polaiteoir agus dlíodóir Salvadórach (b. [[1983]]) * [[1952]] — [[Marie Godard]], scríbhneoir as Québec * [[1955]] — [[Wayne Knight]], aisteoir agus fuirseoir Meiriceánach * [[1960]] — [[David Duchovny]], aisteoir [[Meiriceánach]] * [[1961]] — [[Maggie Wheeler]], ban-aisteoir * [[1964]] — [[Tom McGrath]], guthaisteoir, beochantóir, agus stiúrthóir scannán Meiriceánach * [[1966]] — [[Jimmy Wales]], bunaitheoir na Vicipéide * [[1970]] — [[Andrew Fahie]], polaiteoir * [[1973]] — [[Armand Krajnc]], dornálaí Sualannach * [[1975]] — [[Charlize Theron]], aisteoir [[Meiriceánach]] * [[1982]] — [[Abbie Cornish]], ban-aisteoir Astrálach * [[1983]] — [[Tina O'Brien]], ban-aisteoir Briotanach * [[1984]] — [[Yun Hyon-seok]], gníomhaí Cóiréach ar son chearta an duine (b. [[2003]]) * [[1986]] — [[Claire Sugden]], polaiteoir aontachtach * [[1997]] — [[Matty Cash]], imreoir sacair Sasanach == Daoine a fuair bás ar an lá seo == * [[1106]] — [[Anraí IV, Impire Naofa Rómhánach|Anraí IV]], Impire Naofa Rómhánach (r. [[1050]]) * [[1629]] — [[John Speed]], ársaitheoir is cartaghrafaí Sasanach (r. [[1552]]) * [[1834]] — [[Joseph Marie Jacquard]], ceapadóir Francach (r. [[1752]]) * [[1848]] — [[Jöns Jakob Berzelius]], ceimiceoir Sualannach (r. [[1779]]) * [[1941]] — [[Rabindranath Tagore]], File agus fealsamh Beangáilis (r. [[1861]]) * [[1942]] — [[Jack Dillon]], Dornálaí trom-mheáchan éadrom (r. [[1891]]) * [[1943]] — [[Sarah Purser]], ealaíontóir Éireannach (r [[1848]]) * [[1957]] — [[Oliver Hardy]], fuirseoir agus aisteoir Meiriceánach (r. [[1892]]) * [[1958]] — [[Karl Spencer Lashley]], síceolaí Meiriceánach (r. [[1890]]) * [[1965]] — [[Fionn Mac Cumhaill (scríbhneoir)|Fionn Mac Cumhaill]], scríbhneoir Éireannach (r. [[1885]]) * [[1981]] — [[Herman Dreer]], údar Afra-Mheiriceánach (r. [[1888]]) * [[2000]] — [[Màiri Anna Nic Leòid Trump]], máthair Donald Trump (r. [[1912]]) * [[2011]] — [[Harri Holkeri]], Príomh-Aire na Fionlainne ó 1987 go 1991 (r. [[1937]]) * [[2021]] — [[Jane Withers]], ban-aisteoir Meiriceánach (r. [[1926]]) == Tarluithe eile == * [[768]] - Toghadh [[Pápa Stiofán III]] * [[936]] - Corónaíodh [[Otto I, Impire Naofa Rómhánach|Otto Mór]] ina rí na Gearmáine * [[1858]] - Tharla an chéad chluiche de [[Peil Astrálach|Pheil Astrálach]], a bhí idir ''Scotch College'' agus ''Melbourne Grammar School '' * [[1926]] - Reáchtáladh an chéad [[Grand Prix na Ríochta Aontaithe]] ag ''Brooklands'' * [[1960]] - Bhain [[an Cósta Eabhair]] neamhspleáchas amach ón [[An Fhrainc|Fhrainc]]. * [[1972]] - Thug ceannaire [[Uganda]], [[Idi Amin]], 90 lá do mhuintir na h[[An Áise|Aise]] an tír sin a fhágáil. * [[1998]] - Maraíodh os coinn 200 duine nuair a phléasc buamaí ag ambasaidí na [[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|Stát Aontaithe]] sa [[An Chéinia|Chéinia]] agus sa [[An Tansáin|Tansáin]]. <!-- idirvicí --> [[Catagóir:Dátaí|0807]] [[Catagóir:Míonna|Lúnasa, 7]] ik7dkeiwx9flqo7toyuh2ct46qe669l 0 11643 1322998 1228368 2026-08-06T16:32:50Z Ériugena 188 1322998 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} Is [[Gaelscoil]] í '''Bunscoil an Iúir''' (Bunaithe sa bhliain [[1989]]) do bhuachaillí agus chailíní atá in aois a 4 go dtí a 11. Bhí éiteas treasphobail ag an scoil tráth ach anois ar an drochuair níl mórán fágtha de. Tá an scoil istigh i gceantar [[Bhord Oideachais agus Leabharlann an Deiscirt|Bhord Oideachais agus Leabharlann an Deiscirt (BOLD)]]. == Naisc sheachtracha == * [https://www.bunscoilaniuir.org/ Láithreán gréasáin na scoile] * [http://www.nuacht24.com/gne-ailt/bunscoil-an-iuir-20-bliain-ar-an-fhod Bunscoil an Iúir – 20 bliain ar an fhód] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100606191440/http://www.nuacht24.com/gne-ailt/bunscoil-an-iuir-20-bliain-ar-an-fhod/ |date=2010-06-06 }} * [http://www.comhairle.org/irish/aboutus.asp?Action=Start COMHAIRLE NA GAELSCOLAÍOCHTA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311103950/http://www.comhairle.org/irish/aboutus.asp?Action=Start |date=2007-03-11 }} * [http://archives.tcm.ie/newrydemocrat/2006/03/29/story5473.asp Alt san Newry Democrat faoin Naíscoil] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622121944/http://archives.tcm.ie/newrydemocrat/2006/03/29/story5473.asp |date=2011-06-22 }} * [http://www.denidata.nics.gov.uk/insp/inspection_reports/2001_01/bunscoil_an_iuir.doc. Cigireacht Scoile na Rinne Oideachais,2000 ]{{Dead link|date=Deireadh Fómhair 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [http://www.cogg.ie/gaeilge/ An Chomhairle um Oideachas Gaeltachta agus Gaelscolaíochta] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070112202929/http://www.cogg.ie/gaeilge/ |date=2007-01-12 }} * [http://www.denidata.nics.gov.uk/appInspRptsSearch/IRMain.aspx School Inspection Reports ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080214110951/http://www.denidata.nics.gov.uk/appInspRptsSearch/IRMain.aspx |date=2008-02-14 }} [[Íomhá:Picturea_008.jpg|thumb|300px|An príomhoide agus na daltaí i mbun carúil na Nollag sa Chór Creidmheasa i lár an bhaile Mí na Nollag 2006.]] [[Catagóir:Bunscoileanna in Éirinn]] [[Catagóir:Gaelscoileanna in Éirinn]] d6se9ogwpmbcrya1plmu443wdu0llnd 1323000 1322998 2026-08-06T16:47:43Z Ériugena 188 1323000 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} Is [[Gaelscoil]] í '''Bunscoil an Iúir''' (Bunaithe sa bhliain [[1989]]) do bhuachaillí agus chailíní atá in aois a 4 go dtí a 11. Bhí éiteas treasphobail ag an scoil tráth ach anois ar an drochuair níl mórán fágtha de. Tá an scoil istigh i gceantar [[Bhord Oideachais agus Leabharlann an Deiscirt|Bhord Oideachais agus Leabharlann an Deiscirt (BOLD)]]. == Naisc sheachtracha == * [https://www.bunscoilaniuir.org/ Láithreán gréasáin na scoile] * [https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-38962971 Bunscoil an Iúir: Reading, writing and relaxation] * [http://www.nuacht24.com/gne-ailt/bunscoil-an-iuir-20-bliain-ar-an-fhod Bunscoil an Iúir – 20 bliain ar an fhód] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100606191440/http://www.nuacht24.com/gne-ailt/bunscoil-an-iuir-20-bliain-ar-an-fhod/ |date=2010-06-06 }} * [http://www.comhairle.org/irish/aboutus.asp?Action=Start COMHAIRLE NA GAELSCOLAÍOCHTA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311103950/http://www.comhairle.org/irish/aboutus.asp?Action=Start |date=2007-03-11 }} * [http://archives.tcm.ie/newrydemocrat/2006/03/29/story5473.asp Alt san Newry Democrat faoin Naíscoil] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622121944/http://archives.tcm.ie/newrydemocrat/2006/03/29/story5473.asp |date=2011-06-22 }} * [http://www.denidata.nics.gov.uk/insp/inspection_reports/2001_01/bunscoil_an_iuir.doc. Cigireacht Scoile na Rinne Oideachais,2000 ]{{Dead link|date=Deireadh Fómhair 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [http://www.cogg.ie/gaeilge/ An Chomhairle um Oideachas Gaeltachta agus Gaelscolaíochta] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070112202929/http://www.cogg.ie/gaeilge/ |date=2007-01-12 }} * [http://www.denidata.nics.gov.uk/appInspRptsSearch/IRMain.aspx School Inspection Reports ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080214110951/http://www.denidata.nics.gov.uk/appInspRptsSearch/IRMain.aspx |date=2008-02-14 }} [[Íomhá:Picturea_008.jpg|thumb|300px|An príomhoide agus na daltaí i mbun carúil na Nollag sa Chór Creidmheasa i lár an bhaile Mí na Nollag 2006.]] [[Catagóir:Bunscoileanna in Éirinn]] [[Catagóir:Gaelscoileanna in Éirinn]] bfuc6sag2vw2xbte7jo6rqhzu6dw036 0 18144 1322920 1322435 2026-08-06T13:33:05Z TGcoa 21229 1322920 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}} Is iar-shnámhaí [[Poblacht na hÉireann|Éireannach]] í '''Michelle Smith''' nó '''Michelle de Bruin''' mar a thugtar uirthi anois. Rugadh í ar an [[16 Nollaig]], [[1969]] i [[Ráth Cúil, Baile Átha Cliath|Ráth Cúil]], [[Contae Bhaile Átha Cliath|Co. Bhaile Átha Cliath]]. Bhain sí cáil amach ag na [[Cluichí Oilimpeacha]] in Atlanta i 1996 nuair a bhuaigh sí trí bhonn óir agus bonn cré-umha amháin.<ref name=":0">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.usaswimming.org/docs/default-source/eventsdocuments/meet-results/international-event-results/olympic-games/1996-olympic-games.pdf|teideal=Results|údar=.usaswimming.org|dáta=Iúil 1996|dátarochtana=2022|archivedate=2022-08-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220806221141/https://www.usaswimming.org/docs/default-source/eventsdocuments/meet-results/international-event-results/olympic-games/1996-olympic-games.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.rsvplive.ie/news/celebs/michelle-smith-de-bruin-issues-24647512|teideal=Michelle Smith De Bruin responds to being 'written out' of Olympic history|údar=Erica Carter|dáta=2021-07-29|language=en|work=RSVP Live|dátarochtana=2022-08-06}}</ref> Ach tharraing sí conspóid uirthi féin sa bhliain 1998 as cur isteach ar shampla fuail, a thug sí i dtástáil drugaí.<ref>chun a dhearbhú nach bhfuil stéaróideach ar bith á ghlacadh aici</ref><ref>Níor chlis uirthi i dtástáil drugaí riamh ... Bhí scannal ann cinnte, ach éilimh bhréagacha chomh maith, mar shampla sa leabhar, Súil Eile Seán Tadhg Ó Gairbhí. Cois Life 2017.. Leathanach: 151, agus 'Beatha le Bua' de chuid an CCEA ar Sonia O'Sullivan https://ccea.org.uk/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180305135914/http://ccea.org.uk/ |date=2018-03-05 }}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2000-08-06-0008060427-story.html|teideal=TARNISHED GOLDEN GIRL|údar=Rick Morrissey|dáta=6 Lúnasa 2000|work=Chicago Tribune|dátarochtana=2022-08-06}}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/de-bruin-should-be-stripped-of-atlanta-medals-1.180727|teideal=De Bruin should be stripped of Atlanta medals|údar=Philip Whitten, editor-in-chief of the US-published Swimming World magazine|dáta=7 Lúnasa 1998|language=en|work=The Irish Times|dátarochtana=2022-08-06}}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/irish-re-evaluation-26415151.html|teideal=Irish re-evaluation|language=en|work=independent|dátarochtana=2022-08-06}}</ref><ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Below the Surface: The History of Competitive Swimming|url=https://books.google.fr/books?id=yLIlEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&lpg=PA207&dq=%22others+have+to+work+very+hard.+Some+people+are+not+going+to+make+it+without+extra+help.%E2%80%9D&source=bl&ots=t9CQOGPtqu&sig=ACfU3U11442fe8QiwdMu2Ju-tDeI5pf7kg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiu1NWi7rL5AhUY0YUKHc_KCVkQ6AF6BAgNEAM#v=onepage&q=%22others%20have%20to%20work%20very%20hard.%20Some%20people%20are%20not%20going%20to%20make%20it%20without%20extra%20help.%E2%80%9D&f=false|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|date=2021-06-09|language=en|author=John Lohn}}</ref> [[Íomhá:Olympic gold medal, Nova Peris, 1996, obverse.jpg|mion|Atlanta 1996]] == Gairmréim == Bhí an-suim ag Michelle Smith sa snámh agus í trí bliana déag. Bhíodh sí ag éirí ag a cúig ar maidin chun a cuid snámha a chleachtadh agus ag glacadh páirt i gcomórtais shnámha. In 1988, agus 19 bliain in aois di, ghlac sí páirt sna Cluichí Oilimpeacha in [[Seoul]]. ach theip uirthi dul níos faide ná na staideanna cáilíochta. Go gairid ina dhiaidh sin bhog sí go [[SAM|Meiriceá]], áit ar fhreastail sí ar Ollscoil [[Houston, Texas|Houston]] in [[Texas]] agus bhí sí ina ball den fhoireann shnámha. De réir a chéile, tháinig feabhas ag teacht ar a meán-am cuarda snámha. In 1992 d'fhág sí Ollscoil Houston le céim sa [[Cumarsáid|chumarsáid]]. I samhradh na bliana sin, ghlac sí páirt sna Cluichí Oilimpeacha in [[Barcelona]]. Ach arís níor éirigh go rómhaith léi sna cluichí sin. === 1993-1995: traenáilí nua === In 1993 thosaigh an t-iariomaitheoir Oilimpeach Erik de Bruin<ref>Bhí conspóid ag baint lena [[traenálaí]] (agus a fear céile níos déanaí) [[:en:Erik_de_Bruin|Erik de Bruin]], a bhí ina iomaitheoir ([[caitheamh na teisce]]) é féin sna Cluichí Oilimpeacha sna blianta 1984 agus 1988. Bhí tástáil dhearfach aige maidir le drugaí mídhleathacha in 1993. Cuireadh cosc air páirt a ghlacadh i gcomórtais ar feadh ceithre bliana. </ref> á traenáil. Leis na teicnicí nua a mhúin sé di, d’éirigh léi an cúigiú háit a bhaint amach sa rás féileacáin 200m sna Craobhchomórtais Dhomhanda i 1994. I 1995 chruthaigh Michelle curiarrachtaí nua Éireannacha sna rásaí saorstíle 50m, 100m, 400m agus 800m i gCraobh na Eorpa i [[Vín]]. Chruthaigh sí curiarrachtaí nua freisin sa snámh droma 200m, sa snámh féileacáin 100 agus 200m agus sa mheascra 200m agus 400m. Ócáid stairiúil í mar gurbh í an chéad Éireannach mná chun dhá theideal Eorpacha a bhaint amach sa snámh. === 1996: trí bhonn óir sna Cluichí Oilimpeacha === Idir 20-26 Iíol 1996 rinne Michelle éacht nuair a bhuaigh sí ceithre bhonn in [[Atlanta, Georgia]],<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.mna100.ie/ga/exhibitions/1990s/|teideal=1990s|language=ga-IE|work=Mná 100|dátarochtana=2022-08-06|archivedate=2022-06-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220627075840/https://www.mna100.ie/ga/exhibitions/1990s/}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> * bonn óir sa saorstíl 400m na mban * boinn óir sa mheascra aonarach 200m agus 400m agus * bonn cré-umha sa snámh féileacáin 200m, an chéad bhean as Éirinn a bhuaigh bonn óir riamh. I ndiaidh di na boinn a bhuachan, cuireadh dópáil ina leith, rud nár dearbhaíodh ag an am. Bhí conspóid ann díreach roimh na Cluichí Oilimpeacha nuair a tháinig an [[Snámh|snámhóir]] Meiriceánach [[Janet Evans]], curiarracht dhomhanda 400 méadar sa saorstíl ag an am, sa naoú háit sna babhtaí cáilithe. Ar mire, mhaígh sí go raibh Smith ró-dhéanach ag cur iarratas isteach don rás. Bhíodh sé ina ruaille buaille sa Chumann na gCoistí Náisiúnta Oilimpeacha. Ansin nuair a theip ar Evans dul ar aghaidh, chuir sí dópáil i leith Michelle Smith. Ghabh sí a leithscéal le Smith as é a dhéanamh nuair a bhí na cluichí thart.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-2814815.html|teideal=Michelle: I Forgive Evans; Smith Receives Apology From Fallen U.S. - Irish Voice {{!}} HighBeam Research|dáta=2013-11-05|work=web.archive.org|dátarochtana=2022-08-06|archivedate=2013-11-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105233630/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-2814815.html}}</ref><ref>Chuir an pobalóir Meiriceánach, [[:en:David_Wallechinsky|David Wallechinsky]], leis an gconspóid nuair a scríobh sé ina leabhar "''Complete Book of Summer Olympics''" nár bhuaigh Éireannach bonn riamh sa snámh agus nach raibh an churiarracht a bhí ag Smith sna Cluichí Oilimpeacha eile thar mholadh beirte.  </ref> Phós Erik de Bruin agus Michelle Smith níos déanaí sa bhliain 1996. === 1997-1998: conspóid agus cosc === [[Íomhá:Blood donation (test tubes).JPG|mion|fuarthas Smith ciontach as cur isteach ar shampla fuail, a thug sí]] In 1997 ghlac Smith páirt i gCraobh na hEorpa in [[Sevilla|Seville]], áit ar éirigh léi dhá bhonn óir agus dhá bhonn airgid a thabhairt léi. I Lúnasa 1998, dhá bhliain i ndiaidh na gcluichí in [[Atlanta, Georgia|Atlanta]], cuireadh cosc ceithre bliana ar Smith páirt a ghlacadh i gcomórtais. Fuarthas ciontach í as cur isteach ar shampla fuail, a thug sí i dtástáil drugaí i mí Eanáir 1998,<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/bonn-airgid-dannalise-agus-a-cuid-seolta-ardaithe-aici-isteach-sna-leabhair-staire/|teideal=Bonn airgid d’Annalise agus a cuid seolta ardaithe aici isteach sna leabhair staire|údar=Pádraic Ó Ciardha|dáta=16 Lúnasa 2016|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2019-08-06}}</ref> trí alcól ([[Uisce beatha|fuisce]]) a mheascadh tríd.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/news/the-con-of-michelle-smith-how-the-irish-lass-cheated-the-swimming-world/|teideal=The Con of Michelle Smith: How the Irish Lass Cheated the Swimming World|dáta=2022-04-15|language=en-US|work=Swimming World News|dátarochtana=2022-08-06}}</ref> Ansin i Lúnasa 1998. thug an t-anailísí snámha Gary O'Toole le fios go n-éireodh go maith le Smith sna comórtais sna blianta 1994-96, ach bhí sé deacair le creidiúint gur tháinig an feabhas mór uirthi mar gheall ar chúiseanna nádúrtha.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/sport/courage-of-an-honest-athlete-1.181775|teideal=Courage of an honest athlete|údar=TOM HUMPHRIES|dáta=10 Lúnasa 1998|language=en|work=The Irish Times|dátarochtana=2022-08-06}}</ref> Chuir De Bruin i gcoinne an chinnidh sin sa Chúirt Eadráin le haghaidh Spóirt (CAS). D'éist painéal de thriúr dlíodóirí spóirt lena cás, an Briotanach Michael Belcoff QC ina measc. Éistíodh leis an gcás go poiblí ar iarratas a dlíodóra. Mar gheall air sin tugadh le fios don phobal go raibh rian den druga corpfhorbartha Androstenedione sna trí shampla a tógadh idir mí na Samhna 1997 agus mí an Mhárta 1998. Cé gur bhain conspóid leis na gaiscí a rinne sí, níor tógadh na boinn Oilimpeacha uaithi. Go dtí an lá atá inniu ann, is í Michelle De Bruin an tOilimpeach Éireannach is rathúla a ghlac páirt sna cluichí riamh. [[Íomhá:Four Courts Justice.jpg|mion|[[Na Ceithre Cúirteanna|Na Ceithre Cúirteanna:]] íomhá de bhean ina samhail den cheart, le Edward Smyth]] == Gairm an dlí == Sa bhliain 1999, tháinig deireadh oifigiúil le gairmréim Michelle Smith de Bruin mar shnámhóir iomaíoch. Ach bhí tionchar ag gach a tharla di sa Chúirt Eadráin agus mhúscail an t-eispéireas sin a suim i gcúrsaí dlí. D'fhill sí ar [[An Coláiste Ollscoile, Baile Átha Cliath|Ollscoil na hÉireann, Baile Átha Cliath]], áit ar bhain sí céim amach sa dlí. Ina dhiaidh sin d’fhreastail sí ar [[Óstaí an Rí]] i mBaile Átha Cliath, áit ar bronnadh céim mar [[abhcóide]] uirthi i mí Iúil 2005. Is ansin a bhuaigh sí an comórtas inmhéanach ardcháilithe, Brian Walsh Moot Court. D'fhoilsigh Thomson Round Hall, a céad leabhar, "''Transnational Litigation: Juisdiction and Procedure"'' i 2008. In 2007 ghlac Michelle páirt sa chlár ''Celebrities go Wild'' don eagraíocht charthanachta ''People in Need''. Chríochnaigh sí sa dara háit sa tsraith sin (dhiúltaigh sí dul ar an gclár ''[[The Late Late Show]]'' leis na hiomaitheoirí eile ar fhaitíos go gcuirfí ceisteanna uirthi maidir lena gairmréim snámha). Tá Michelle Smith de Bruin ag obair anois mar abhcóide s[[na Ceithre Cúirteanna]] i m[[Baile Átha Cliath]]. == Féach freisin == * [[Scannal IASA]] (Irish Amateur Swimming Association)<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Irish Amateur Swimming Association|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Irish_Amateur_Swimming_Association&oldid=1084512127|journal=Wikipedia|date=2022-04-24|language=en}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} == Naisc sheachtracha == {{DEFAULTSORT:Smith, Michelle}} [[Catagóir:Snámhóirí Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Daoine as Baile Átha Cliath]] [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1969]] [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Scannail]] [[Catagóir:Mná Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Buaiteoirí bonn sna Cluichí Oilimpeacha]] 0192dbk5200cxitgtl7yrlrtsgi4dqx 1323028 1322920 2026-08-06T17:51:09Z TGcoa 21229 1323028 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}} Is iar-shnámhaí [[Poblacht na hÉireann|Éireannach]] í '''Michelle Smith''' nó '''Michelle de Bruin''' mar a thugtar uirthi anois. Rugadh í ar an [[16 Nollaig]], [[1969]] i [[Ráth Cúil, Baile Átha Cliath|Ráth Cúil]], [[Contae Bhaile Átha Cliath|Co. Bhaile Átha Cliath]]. Bhain sí cáil amach ag na [[Cluichí Oilimpeacha]] in Atlanta i 1996 nuair a bhuaigh sí trí bhonn óir agus bonn cré-umha amháin.<ref name=":0">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.usaswimming.org/docs/default-source/eventsdocuments/meet-results/international-event-results/olympic-games/1996-olympic-games.pdf|teideal=Results|údar=.usaswimming.org|dáta=Iúil 1996|dátarochtana=2022|archivedate=2022-08-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220806221141/https://www.usaswimming.org/docs/default-source/eventsdocuments/meet-results/international-event-results/olympic-games/1996-olympic-games.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.rsvplive.ie/news/celebs/michelle-smith-de-bruin-issues-24647512|teideal=Michelle Smith De Bruin responds to being 'written out' of Olympic history|údar=Erica Carter|dáta=2021-07-29|language=en|work=RSVP Live|dátarochtana=2022-08-06}}</ref> Ach tharraing sí conspóid uirthi féin sa bhliain 1998 as cur isteach ar shampla fuail, a thug sí i dtástáil drugaí.<ref>chun a dhearbhú nach bhfuil stéaróideach ar bith á ghlacadh aici</ref><ref>Níor chlis uirthi i dtástáil drugaí riamh ... Bhí scannal ann cinnte, ach éilimh bhréagacha chomh maith, mar shampla sa leabhar, Súil Eile Seán Tadhg Ó Gairbhí. Cois Life 2017.. Leathanach: 151, agus 'Beatha le Bua' de chuid an CCEA ar Sonia O'Sullivan https://ccea.org.uk/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180305135914/http://ccea.org.uk/ |date=2018-03-05 }}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2000-08-06-0008060427-story.html|teideal=TARNISHED GOLDEN GIRL|údar=Rick Morrissey|dáta=6 Lúnasa 2000|work=Chicago Tribune|dátarochtana=2022-08-06}}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/de-bruin-should-be-stripped-of-atlanta-medals-1.180727|teideal=De Bruin should be stripped of Atlanta medals|údar=Philip Whitten, editor-in-chief of the US-published Swimming World magazine|dáta=7 Lúnasa 1998|language=en|work=The Irish Times|dátarochtana=2022-08-06}}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/irish-re-evaluation-26415151.html|teideal=Irish re-evaluation|language=en|work=independent|dátarochtana=2022-08-06}}</ref><ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Below the Surface: The History of Competitive Swimming|url=https://books.google.fr/books?id=yLIlEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&lpg=PA207&dq=%22others+have+to+work+very+hard.+Some+people+are+not+going+to+make+it+without+extra+help.%E2%80%9D&source=bl&ots=t9CQOGPtqu&sig=ACfU3U11442fe8QiwdMu2Ju-tDeI5pf7kg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiu1NWi7rL5AhUY0YUKHc_KCVkQ6AF6BAgNEAM#v=onepage&q=%22others%20have%20to%20work%20very%20hard.%20Some%20people%20are%20not%20going%20to%20make%20it%20without%20extra%20help.%E2%80%9D&f=false|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|date=2021-06-09|language=en|author=John Lohn}}</ref> [[Íomhá:Olympic gold medal, Nova Peris, 1996, obverse.jpg|mion|Atlanta 1996|220x220px]] == Gairmréim == Bhí an-suim ag Michelle Smith sa snámh agus í trí bliana déag d'aois. Bhíodh sí ag éirí ag a cúig ar maidin chun a cuid snámha a chleachtadh agus ag glacadh páirt i gcomórtais shnámha. In 1988, agus 19 bliain in aois di, ghlac sí páirt sna Cluichí Oilimpeacha in [[Seoul]]. Ach theip uirthi dul níos faide ná na babhtaí cáilíochta. Go gairid ina dhiaidh sin bhog sí go [[SAM|Meiriceá]], áit ar fhreastail sí ar Ollscoil [[Houston, Texas|Houston]] in [[Texas]] agus bhí sí ina ball den fhoireann shnámha. De réir a chéile, tháinig feabhas ar a meán-am. In 1992 d'fhág sí Ollscoil Houston le céim sa [[Cumarsáid|chumarsáid]]. I samhradh na bliana sin, ghlac sí páirt sna Cluichí Oilimpeacha in [[Barcelona]]. Ach arís níor éirigh go rómhaith léi sna cluichí sin. === 1993-1995: traenálaí nua === In 1993 thosaigh an tiar-iomaitheoir Oilimpeach Erik de Bruin<ref>Bhí conspóid ag baint lena [[traenálaí]] (agus a fear céile níos déanaí) [[:en:Erik_de_Bruin|Erik de Bruin]], a bhí ina iomaitheoir ([[caitheamh na teisce]]) é féin sna Cluichí Oilimpeacha sna blianta 1984 agus 1988. Bhí tástáil dhearfach aige maidir le drugaí mídhleathacha in 1993. Cuireadh cosc air páirt a ghlacadh i gcomórtais ar feadh ceithre bliana. </ref> á traenáil. Leis na teicnicí nua a mhúin sé di, d’éirigh léi an cúigiú háit a bhaint amach sa rás féileacáin 200m sna Craobhchomórtais Dhomhanda i 1994. I 1995 chruthaigh Michelle curiarrachtaí nua Éireannacha sna rásaí saorstíle 50m, 100m, 400m agus 800m i gCraobh na hEorpa i [[Vín]]. Chruthaigh sí curiarrachtaí nua freisin sa snámh droma 200m, sa snámh féileacáin 100 agus 200m agus sa mheascra 200m agus 400m. Ócáid stairiúil í mar gurbh í an chéad Éireannach mná chun dhá theideal Eorpacha a bhaint amach sa snámh.[[Íomhá:Blood donation (test tubes).JPG|mion|fuarthas Smith ciontach as cur isteach ar shampla fuail, a thug sí|220x220px]] === 1996: trí bhonn óir sna Cluichí Oilimpeacha === Idir 20-26 Iúil 1996 rinne Michelle éacht nuair a bhuaigh sí ceithre bhonn in [[Atlanta, Georgia]],<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.mna100.ie/ga/exhibitions/1990s/|teideal=1990s|language=ga-IE|work=Mná 100|dátarochtana=2022-08-06|archivedate=2022-06-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220627075840/https://www.mna100.ie/ga/exhibitions/1990s/}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> * bonn óir sa saorstíl 400m na mban * boinn óir sa mheascra aonarach 200m agus 400m agus * bonn cré-umha sa snámh féileacáin 200m, an chéad bhean as Éirinn a bhuaigh bonn óir riamh. I ndiaidh di na boinn a bhuachan, cuireadh dópáil ina leith, rud nár dearbhaíodh ag an am. Bhí conspóid ann díreach roimh na Cluichí Oilimpeacha nuair a tháinig an [[Snámh|snámhóir]] Meiriceánach [[Janet Evans]], sealbhóir na curiarrachta domhanda 400 méadar sa saorstíl ag an am, sa naoú háit sna babhtaí cáilithe. Ar mire, mhaígh sí go raibh Smith ró-dhéanach ag cur iarratas isteach don rás. Bhíodh sé ina ruaille buaille sa Chumann na gCoistí Náisiúnta Oilimpeacha. Ansin nuair a theip ar Evans dul ar aghaidh, chuir sí dópáil i leith Michelle Smith. Ghabh sí a leithscéal le Smith as é a dhéanamh nuair a bhí na cluichí thart.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-2814815.html|teideal=Michelle: I Forgive Evans; Smith Receives Apology From Fallen U.S. - Irish Voice {{!}} HighBeam Research|dáta=2013-11-05|work=web.archive.org|dátarochtana=2022-08-06|archivedate=2013-11-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105233630/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-2814815.html}}</ref><ref>Chuir an pobalóir Meiriceánach, [[:en:David_Wallechinsky|David Wallechinsky]], leis an gconspóid nuair a scríobh sé ina leabhar "''Complete Book of Summer Olympics''" nár bhuaigh Éireannach bonn riamh sa snámh agus nach raibh an churiarracht a bhí ag Smith sna Cluichí Oilimpeacha eile thar mholadh beirte.  </ref> Phós Erik de Bruin agus Michelle Smith níos déanaí sa bhliain 1996. === 1997-1998: conspóid agus cosc === In 1997 ghlac Smith páirt i gCraobh na hEorpa in [[Sevilla|Seville]], áit ar éirigh léi dhá bhonn óir agus dhá bhonn airgid a thabhairt léi. I Lúnasa 1998, dhá bhliain i ndiaidh na gcluichí in [[Atlanta, Georgia|Atlanta]], cuireadh cosc ceithre bliana ar Smith páirt a ghlacadh i gcomórtais. Fuarthas ciontach í as cur isteach ar shampla fuail, a thug sí i dtástáil drugaí i mí Eanáir 1998,<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/bonn-airgid-dannalise-agus-a-cuid-seolta-ardaithe-aici-isteach-sna-leabhair-staire/|teideal=Bonn airgid d’Annalise agus a cuid seolta ardaithe aici isteach sna leabhair staire|údar=Pádraic Ó Ciardha|dáta=16 Lúnasa 2016|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2019-08-06}}</ref> trí alcól ([[Uisce beatha|fuisce]]) a mheascadh tríd.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/news/the-con-of-michelle-smith-how-the-irish-lass-cheated-the-swimming-world/|teideal=The Con of Michelle Smith: How the Irish Lass Cheated the Swimming World|dáta=2022-04-15|language=en-US|work=Swimming World News|dátarochtana=2022-08-06}}</ref> Ansin i Lúnasa 1998. thug an t-anailísí snámha Gary O'Toole le fios go n-éireodh go maith le Smith sna comórtais sna blianta 1994-96, ach bhí sé deacair le creidiúint gur tháinig an feabhas mór uirthi mar gheall ar chúiseanna nádúrtha.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/sport/courage-of-an-honest-athlete-1.181775|teideal=Courage of an honest athlete|údar=TOM HUMPHRIES|dáta=10 Lúnasa 1998|language=en|work=The Irish Times|dátarochtana=2022-08-06}}</ref> Chuir De Bruin i gcoinne an chinnidh sin sa Chúirt Eadráin le haghaidh Spóirt (CAS). D'éist painéal de thriúr dlíodóirí spóirt lena cás, an Briotanach Michael Belcoff QC ina measc. Éistíodh leis an gcás go poiblí ar iarratas a dlíodóra. Mar gheall air sin tugadh le fios don phobal go raibh rian den druga corpfhorbartha Androstenedione sna trí shampla a tógadh idir mí na Samhna 1997 agus mí an Mhárta 1998. Cé gur bhain conspóid leis na gaiscí a rinne sí, níor tógadh na boinn Oilimpeacha uaithi. Go dtí an lá atá inniu ann, is í Michelle De Bruin an tOilimpeach Éireannach is rathúla a ghlac páirt sna cluichí riamh. [[Íomhá:Four Courts Justice.jpg|mion|[[Na Ceithre Cúirteanna|Na Ceithre Cúirteanna:]] íomhá de bhean ina samhail den cheart, le Edward Smyth|220x220px]] == Gairm an dlí == Sa bhliain 1999, tháinig deireadh oifigiúil le gairmréim Michelle Smith de Bruin mar shnámhóir iomaíoch. Ach bhí tionchar ag gach a tharla di sa Chúirt Eadráin agus mhúscail an t-eispéireas sin a suim i gcúrsaí dlí. D'fhill sí ar [[An Coláiste Ollscoile, Baile Átha Cliath|Ollscoil na hÉireann, Baile Átha Cliath]], áit ar bhain sí céim amach sa dlí. Ina dhiaidh sin d’fhreastail sí ar [[Óstaí an Rí]] i mBaile Átha Cliath, áit ar bronnadh céim mar [[abhcóide]] uirthi i mí Iúil 2005. Is ansin a bhuaigh sí an comórtas inmhéanach ardcháilithe, Brian Walsh Moot Court. D'fhoilsigh Thomson Round Hall, a céad leabhar, "''Transnational Litigation: Juisdiction and Procedure"'' i 2008. In 2007 ghlac Michelle páirt sa chlár ''Celebrities go Wild'' don eagraíocht charthanachta ''People in Need''. Chríochnaigh sí sa dara háit sa tsraith sin (dhiúltaigh sí dul ar an gclár ''[[The Late Late Show]]'' leis na hiomaitheoirí eile ar fhaitíos go gcuirfí ceisteanna uirthi maidir lena gairmréim snámha). Tá Michelle Smith de Bruin ag obair anois mar abhcóide s[[na Ceithre Cúirteanna]] i m[[Baile Átha Cliath]]. == Féach freisin == * [[Scannal IASA]] (Irish Amateur Swimming Association)<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Irish Amateur Swimming Association|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Irish_Amateur_Swimming_Association&oldid=1084512127|journal=Wikipedia|date=2022-04-24|language=en}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} == Naisc sheachtracha == {{DEFAULTSORT:Smith, Michelle}} [[Catagóir:Snámhóirí Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Daoine as Baile Átha Cliath]] [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1969]] [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Scannail]] [[Catagóir:Mná Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Buaiteoirí bonn sna Cluichí Oilimpeacha]] e0q6dyy99pwey25qw5q4v24i3pdflii 1323074 1323028 2026-08-06T19:58:10Z TGcoa 21229 /* 1996: trí bhonn óir sna Cluichí Oilimpeacha */ 1323074 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}} Is iar-shnámhaí [[Poblacht na hÉireann|Éireannach]] í '''Michelle Smith''' nó '''Michelle de Bruin''' mar a thugtar uirthi anois. Rugadh í ar an [[16 Nollaig]], [[1969]] i [[Ráth Cúil, Baile Átha Cliath|Ráth Cúil]], [[Contae Bhaile Átha Cliath|Co. Bhaile Átha Cliath]]. Bhain sí cáil amach ag na [[Cluichí Oilimpeacha]] in Atlanta i 1996 nuair a bhuaigh sí trí bhonn óir agus bonn cré-umha amháin.<ref name=":0">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.usaswimming.org/docs/default-source/eventsdocuments/meet-results/international-event-results/olympic-games/1996-olympic-games.pdf|teideal=Results|údar=.usaswimming.org|dáta=Iúil 1996|dátarochtana=2022|archivedate=2022-08-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220806221141/https://www.usaswimming.org/docs/default-source/eventsdocuments/meet-results/international-event-results/olympic-games/1996-olympic-games.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.rsvplive.ie/news/celebs/michelle-smith-de-bruin-issues-24647512|teideal=Michelle Smith De Bruin responds to being 'written out' of Olympic history|údar=Erica Carter|dáta=2021-07-29|language=en|work=RSVP Live|dátarochtana=2022-08-06}}</ref> Ach tharraing sí conspóid uirthi féin sa bhliain 1998 as cur isteach ar shampla fuail, a thug sí i dtástáil drugaí.<ref>chun a dhearbhú nach bhfuil stéaróideach ar bith á ghlacadh aici</ref><ref>Níor chlis uirthi i dtástáil drugaí riamh ... Bhí scannal ann cinnte, ach éilimh bhréagacha chomh maith, mar shampla sa leabhar, Súil Eile Seán Tadhg Ó Gairbhí. Cois Life 2017.. Leathanach: 151, agus 'Beatha le Bua' de chuid an CCEA ar Sonia O'Sullivan https://ccea.org.uk/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180305135914/http://ccea.org.uk/ |date=2018-03-05 }}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2000-08-06-0008060427-story.html|teideal=TARNISHED GOLDEN GIRL|údar=Rick Morrissey|dáta=6 Lúnasa 2000|work=Chicago Tribune|dátarochtana=2022-08-06}}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/de-bruin-should-be-stripped-of-atlanta-medals-1.180727|teideal=De Bruin should be stripped of Atlanta medals|údar=Philip Whitten, editor-in-chief of the US-published Swimming World magazine|dáta=7 Lúnasa 1998|language=en|work=The Irish Times|dátarochtana=2022-08-06}}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/irish-re-evaluation-26415151.html|teideal=Irish re-evaluation|language=en|work=independent|dátarochtana=2022-08-06}}</ref><ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Below the Surface: The History of Competitive Swimming|url=https://books.google.fr/books?id=yLIlEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&lpg=PA207&dq=%22others+have+to+work+very+hard.+Some+people+are+not+going+to+make+it+without+extra+help.%E2%80%9D&source=bl&ots=t9CQOGPtqu&sig=ACfU3U11442fe8QiwdMu2Ju-tDeI5pf7kg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiu1NWi7rL5AhUY0YUKHc_KCVkQ6AF6BAgNEAM#v=onepage&q=%22others%20have%20to%20work%20very%20hard.%20Some%20people%20are%20not%20going%20to%20make%20it%20without%20extra%20help.%E2%80%9D&f=false|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|date=2021-06-09|language=en|author=John Lohn}}</ref> [[Íomhá:Olympic gold medal, Nova Peris, 1996, obverse.jpg|mion|Atlanta 1996|220x220px]] == Gairmréim == Bhí an-suim ag Michelle Smith sa snámh agus í trí bliana déag d'aois. Bhíodh sí ag éirí ag a cúig ar maidin chun a cuid snámha a chleachtadh agus ag glacadh páirt i gcomórtais shnámha. In 1988, agus 19 bliain in aois di, ghlac sí páirt sna Cluichí Oilimpeacha in [[Seoul]]. Ach theip uirthi dul níos faide ná na babhtaí cáilíochta. Go gairid ina dhiaidh sin bhog sí go [[SAM|Meiriceá]], áit ar fhreastail sí ar Ollscoil [[Houston, Texas|Houston]] in [[Texas]] agus bhí sí ina ball den fhoireann shnámha. De réir a chéile, tháinig feabhas ar a meán-am. In 1992 d'fhág sí Ollscoil Houston le céim sa [[Cumarsáid|chumarsáid]]. I samhradh na bliana sin, ghlac sí páirt sna Cluichí Oilimpeacha in [[Barcelona]]. Ach arís níor éirigh go rómhaith léi sna cluichí sin. === 1993-1995: traenálaí nua === In 1993 thosaigh an tiar-iomaitheoir Oilimpeach Erik de Bruin<ref>Bhí conspóid ag baint lena [[traenálaí]] (agus a fear céile níos déanaí) [[:en:Erik_de_Bruin|Erik de Bruin]], a bhí ina iomaitheoir ([[caitheamh na teisce]]) é féin sna Cluichí Oilimpeacha sna blianta 1984 agus 1988. Bhí tástáil dhearfach aige maidir le drugaí mídhleathacha in 1993. Cuireadh cosc air páirt a ghlacadh i gcomórtais ar feadh ceithre bliana. </ref> á traenáil. Leis na teicnicí nua a mhúin sé di, d’éirigh léi an cúigiú háit a bhaint amach sa rás féileacáin 200m sna Craobhchomórtais Dhomhanda i 1994. I 1995 chruthaigh Michelle curiarrachtaí nua Éireannacha sna rásaí saorstíle 50m, 100m, 400m agus 800m i gCraobh na hEorpa i [[Vín]]. Chruthaigh sí curiarrachtaí nua freisin sa snámh droma 200m, sa snámh féileacáin 100 agus 200m agus sa mheascra 200m agus 400m. Ócáid stairiúil í mar gurbh í an chéad Éireannach mná chun dhá theideal Eorpacha a bhaint amach sa snámh.[[Íomhá:Blood donation (test tubes).JPG|mion|fuarthas Smith ciontach as cur isteach ar shampla fuail, a thug sí|220x220px]] === 1996: trí bhonn óir sna Cluichí Oilimpeacha === Idir 20-26 Iúil 1996 rinne Michelle éacht nuair a bhuaigh sí ceithre bhonn in [[Atlanta, Georgia]],<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.mna100.ie/ga/exhibitions/1990s/|teideal=1990s|language=ga-IE|work=Mná 100|dátarochtana=2022-08-06|archivedate=2022-06-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220627075840/https://www.mna100.ie/ga/exhibitions/1990s/}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> * bonn óir sa saorstíl 400m na mban * boinn óir sa mheascra aonarach 200m agus 400m agus * bonn cré-umha sa snámh féileacáin 200m, an chéad bhean as Éirinn a bhuaigh bonn óir riamh. I ndiaidh di na boinn a bhuachan, cuireadh dópáil ina leith, rud nár dearbhaíodh ag an am. Bhí conspóid ann díreach roimh na Cluichí Oilimpeacha nuair a tháinig an [[Snámh|snámhóir]] Meiriceánach [[Janet Evans]], sealbhóir na curiarrachta domhanda 400 méadar sa saorstíl ag an am, sa naoú háit sna babhtaí cáilithe. Ar mire, mhaígh sí go raibh Smith ró-dhéanach ag cur iarratas isteach don rás. Bhíodh sé ina ruaille buaille sa Chumann na gCoistí Náisiúnta Oilimpeacha. Ansin nuair a theip ar Evans dul ar aghaidh, chuir sí dópáil i leith Michelle Smith. Ghabh sí a leithscéal le Smith as é a dhéanamh nuair a bhí na cluichí thart.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-2814815.html|teideal=Michelle: I Forgive Evans; Smith Receives Apology From Fallen U.S. - Irish Voice {{!}} HighBeam Research|dáta=2013-11-05|work=web.archive.org|dátarochtana=2022-08-06|archivedate=2013-11-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105233630/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-2814815.html}}</ref><ref>Chuir an pobalóir Meiriceánach, [[:en:David_Wallechinsky|David Wallechinsky]], leis an gconspóid nuair a scríobh sé ina leabhar "''Complete Book of Summer Olympics''" nár bhuaigh Éireannach bonn riamh sa snámh agus nach raibh an churiarracht a bhí ag Smith sna Cluichí Oilimpeacha eile thar mholadh beirte.  </ref> Phós Erik de Bruin agus Michelle Smith níos déanaí sa bhliain 1996. === 1997-1998: conspóid agus cosc === In 1997 ghlac Smith páirt i gCraobh na hEorpa in [[Sevilla|Seville]], áit ar éirigh léi dhá bhonn óir agus dhá bhonn airgid a thabhairt léi. I Lúnasa 1998, dhá bhliain i ndiaidh na gcluichí in [[Atlanta, Georgia|Atlanta]], cuireadh cosc ceithre bliana ar Smith páirt a ghlacadh i gcomórtais. Fuarthas ciontach í as cur isteach ar shampla fuail, a thug sí i dtástáil drugaí i mí Eanáir 1998,<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/bonn-airgid-dannalise-agus-a-cuid-seolta-ardaithe-aici-isteach-sna-leabhair-staire/|teideal=Bonn airgid d’Annalise agus a cuid seolta ardaithe aici isteach sna leabhair staire|údar=Pádraic Ó Ciardha|dáta=16 Lúnasa 2016|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2019-08-06}}</ref> trí alcól ([[Uisce beatha|fuisce]]) a mheascadh tríd.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/news/the-con-of-michelle-smith-how-the-irish-lass-cheated-the-swimming-world/|teideal=The Con of Michelle Smith: How the Irish Lass Cheated the Swimming World|dáta=2022-04-15|language=en-US|work=Swimming World News|dátarochtana=2022-08-06}}</ref> Ansin i Lúnasa 1998. thug an t-anailísí snámha Gary O'Toole le fios gur éirigh go maith le Smith sna comórtais sna blianta 1994-96, ach bhí sé deacair le creidiúint gur tháinig an feabhas mór uirthi mar gheall ar chúiseanna nádúrtha.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/sport/courage-of-an-honest-athlete-1.181775|teideal=Courage of an honest athlete|údar=TOM HUMPHRIES|dáta=10 Lúnasa 1998|language=en|work=The Irish Times|dátarochtana=2022-08-06}}</ref> Chuir De Bruin i gcoinne an chinnidh sin sa Chúirt Eadráin le haghaidh Spóirt (CAS). D'éist painéal de thriúr dlíodóirí spóirt lena cás, an Briotanach Michael Belcoff QC ina measc. Éistíodh leis an gcás go poiblí ar iarratas a dlíodóra. Mar gheall air sin tugadh le fios don phobal go raibh rian den druga corpfhorbartha Androstenedione sna trí shampla a tógadh idir mí na Samhna 1997 agus mí an Mhárta 1998. Cé gur bhain conspóid leis na gaiscí a rinne sí, níor tógadh na boinn Oilimpeacha uaithi. Go dtí an lá atá inniu ann, is í Michelle De Bruin an tOilimpeach Éireannach is rathúla a ghlac páirt sna cluichí riamh. [[Íomhá:Four Courts Justice.jpg|mion|[[Na Ceithre Cúirteanna|Na Ceithre Cúirteanna:]] íomhá de bhean ina samhail den cheart, le Edward Smyth|220x220px]] == Gairm an dlí == Sa bhliain 1999, tháinig deireadh oifigiúil le gairmréim Michelle Smith de Bruin mar shnámhóir iomaíoch. Ach bhí tionchar ag gach a tharla di sa Chúirt Eadráin agus mhúscail an t-eispéireas sin a suim i gcúrsaí dlí. D'fhill sí ar [[An Coláiste Ollscoile, Baile Átha Cliath|COBÁC]], áit ar bhain sí céim amach sa dlí. Ina dhiaidh sin d’fhreastail sí ar [[Óstaí an Rí]] i mBaile Átha Cliath, áit ar bronnadh céim mar [[abhcóide]] uirthi i mí Iúil 2005. Is ansin a bhuaigh sí an comórtas inmhéanach ardcháilithe, Brian Walsh Moot Court. D'fhoilsigh Thomson Round Hall a céad leabhar, "''Transnational Litigation: Jurisdiction and Procedure"'' sa bhliain 2008. In 2007 ghlac Michelle páirt sa chlár ''Celebrities go Wild'' don eagraíocht charthanachta ''People in Need''. Chríochnaigh sí sa dara háit sa tsraith sin (dhiúltaigh sí dul ar an gclár ''[[The Late Late Show]]'' leis na hiomaitheoirí eile ar fhaitíos go gcuirfí ceisteanna uirthi maidir lena gairmréim snámha). Tá Michelle Smith de Bruin ag obair anois mar abhcóide s[[na Ceithre Cúirteanna]] i m[[Baile Átha Cliath]]. == Féach freisin == * [[Scannal IASA]] (Irish Amateur Swimming Association)<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Irish Amateur Swimming Association|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Irish_Amateur_Swimming_Association&oldid=1084512127|journal=Wikipedia|date=2022-04-24|language=en}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} == Naisc sheachtracha == {{DEFAULTSORT:Smith, Michelle}} [[Catagóir:Snámhóirí Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Daoine as Baile Átha Cliath]] [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1969]] [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Scannail]] [[Catagóir:Mná Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Buaiteoirí bonn sna Cluichí Oilimpeacha]] a8flxp9xb4fwstv5aiso0n0dukb8h47 0 26267 1323199 1197042 2026-08-07T06:41:10Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323199 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo|item=Q780}} Is [[sicín]] fireannach é an '''coileach'''. Baill d'fhine na Phasianidae is ea na sicíní. Is é ''Gallus gallus'' an t-ainm eolaíoch. == Seanfhocail == * Glaonn gach coileach go dána ar a atrainn fhéin. * Beathaíodh an coileach é féin agus beathaíodh an chearc an t-ál. * Sháraigh sé an coileach ag faire ar an lá. * Níl coileach ar bith is lú le duine ná coileach a shráide féin. * Is dubhach don teach nuair a ghlaos an chearc níos airde ná an coileach. * Ná bí i do choileach i ndiaidh an ghadhair. == Ainm == Úsáidtear an focal ''coileach'' i n[[Gaeilge na hAlban]], ach ''kellagh'' a deirtear i n[[Gaeilge Mhanann]]. == Glaoch i dteangacha éagsúla == * ''Cocorico'' i bh[[Fraincis]] * ''Cock-a-doodle-doo'': [[Béarla]] * ''Quiquiriqui'': [[Spáinnis]] * ''Kikeriki'': [[Gearmáinis]] * ''Kokeriko'': [[Esperanto]] * ''Cucuriguuuu'': [[Rómáinis]] * ''Cocorococo'': [[an Phortaingéil]] * ''Cocoricó'': [[an Bhrasaíl]] * ''kokekoko'': [[Seapáinis]] * ''Co Co Co'': [[an tSín]] * ''Coucarékou'': [[Rúisis]] * ''Kukuruyuk'': [[Bahasa Indonesia]] * ''Ake-e-ake-ake'': [[Téalainnis]] * ''Kuk-kurri-kuuu'': [[Tuircis]] * ''Chicchirichi'': [[Iodáilis]] * ''Ky-ky-ri-ký'': [[Seicis]] * ''kuckeliku'': [[Sualainnis]] * == Siombail == Is siombail Fhrancach e an coileach. Is é an coileach siombail Tottenham Hotspur i Sasana agus Denizlispor (club sacair eile sa Tuirc) freisin. [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 97cv9dca6g9puftv9bgrxk9l73y49o5 0 26577 1323021 1226122 2026-08-06T17:37:27Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323021 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[Íomhá:Grand Tétras MHNT.jpg|thumb |''Tetrao urogallus urogallus'']] [[Íomhá:Grand Tétra MHNT.jpg|thumb|''Tetrao urogallus'']] [[Éan]] is ea an '''capall coille'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Tetrao%20urogallus/|title=“Tetrao urogallus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> ([[Gaeilge na hAlban]]: ''capall-coille'' nó ''capar-coille''), agus d'ord na Tetraonidae iad. Tá an capall coille (''Tetrao urogallus'') ar an méid céanna go díreach leis an [[cearc thurcaí|chearc thurcaí]]. Tá sé ar fáil i bhforaoisí [[giúis|giúise]]. Laghdaíodh a uimhreacha thar na blianta, ach tá plean [[caomhantas|caomhnaithe]] ar siúl i n[[Gaeltacht na hAlban]] ([[Gaeilge na hAlban]]:''A’Ghaidhealtachd''), agus tá borradh ag teacht ar a chuid uimhreacha. Sa lá atá inniu, tá thart ar 2,000 ina gcónaí in [[Albain]]. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] g4pu3swcx8tpltubbjdvdnuryemoafd 0 27628 1323250 1238517 2026-08-07T09:07:27Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323250 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[Íomhá:Acanthis cabaret - Lesser Redpoll XC482789.mp3|mion]] Is [[éan]] beag pasaireach é an '''deargéadan beag''', ''Carduelis cabaret'' ([[An Béarla|Béarla]]: ''lesser redpoll''). Is baill den [[géineas|ghéineas]] ''Carduelis'' ([[Deargéadan|na deargéadain]]) iad i bh[[Fine (bitheolaíocht)|fine]] na n[[glasán]], ''Fringillidae''. Is é seo an ceann is lú, is doinne agus is stríocaí de na deargéagain. Is minic a rangaítear é mar fhospeiceas den [[deargéadan coiteann]], ''Carduelis flammea'', ach scoilt roinnt údarás – Aontas na nÉaneolaithe Briotanach (''British Ornithologists’ Union'') ina measc - ón speiceas sin é. Is minic a bheadh Dearéadan (Coiteann) ar an éan seo sa [[An Ghaeilge|Ghaeilge]] ar aon chaoi, is dócha. Is éan dúchasach don [[Eoraip]] é an Deargéadan Beag agus tugadh isteach go dtí an [[Nua-Shéalainn]] é. Déanann a lán de na héin seo imirce go háiteanna níos faide ó dheas le linn an gheimhridh, ach mar gheall ar an gclíoma cineálta, faightear iad ó cheann ceann na bliana sa chuid is mó dá raon gnáthaithe. Ina theannta sin, faightear é in éineacht leis an dá [[speiceas]] eile de dheargéadain sa gheimhreadh. == Tacsanomaíocht == Níl an ghaolmhaireacht idir na deargéadain réitithe go fóill. Bíonn an Deargéadan Beag agus an Deargéadan “Mineach” (fospeiceas ''flammea'' den Deargéadan Coiteann) araon le fáil i ndeisceart na h[[An Iorua|Iorua]], gan mórán cros-síolraithe de réir dealraimh, ach níl siad ag áitriú taobh le taobh le tamall sách fada i gcaoi is nach féidir teacht ar thuairimí cinnteacha faoi láthair ar an gceist. == Cur Síos == Is glasán beag le h[[eireaball]] gearr é an Deargéadan Beag, 11.5-12.5 ceintiméadar ar fad, agus 20-22.5 ceintiméadar réise a sciathán, agus 9-12 gram a mheáchan. Tá an gob gearr coirceogach agus bior géar air. Tá dath gealbhuí ar an n[[gob]] ach tá barr dorcha air. [[Cleite|Cleití]] donna atá ar bharr an éin fhirinn fhásta den chuid is mó, le stríocaí níos dorcha orthu. Tá dearg ar chlár an [[éadan|éadain]] agus dubh ar an [[smig]]. I séasúr an ghoir, bíonn dath bándearg ar an mbrollach agus ar an aghaidh. Tá na cliatháin donnbhuí le stríocaí dorcha agus tá cleití bána ar an mbolg agus ar na clúdaigh faoin eireaball. Tá dhá bharra mheathbhána ar an [[sciathán]]. Tá an t-éan baineann an-chosúil leis an gceann fireann, ach gan an bándearg ar an mbrollach agus ar an aghaidh agus tá níos lú den stríocacht ar na cliatháin. Mar gheall ar an éan óg, tá ceann liathbhán air gan an dearg ar chlár an éadain agus níos lú de na cleití dubha ar an smig. Tá an Deargéadan Coiteann cosúil leis an Deargéadan Mineach, ach amháin go bhfuil sé níos mó agus tá an chuid íochtarach níos báine. Tá an chuid uachtarach níos donnbhuí agus tá a gheidín meathbhán agus stríocaí dorcha air. == Dáileadh agus Gnáthóg == Bhí raon [[gnáthóg|gnáthaithe]] an éin seo an-teoranta tráth, ba bheag nach raibh siad le fáil ach amháin in [[Éire|Éirinn]], sa [[An Bhreatain|Bhreatain Mhór]], agus sna h[[Na hAlpa|Alpa]]. Ar na blianta deireanacha, forleathnaíodh raon a ngnáthaithe go mór trasna lár agus thuaisceart na hEorpa. Is éan goir leitheadach é an t-éan seo in Éirinn agus sa Bhreatain, ach tá sé ar iarraidh ó áiteanna i ndeisceart agus i lár [[Sasana|Shasana]]. Neadaíonn sé le taobh chósta na [[An Mhuir Thuaidh|Mara Thuaidh]] ó oirthuaisceart na [[An Fhrainc|Fraince]] go dtí [[an Ghearmáin]] agus tá sé tar éis leathadh go dtí [[an Danmhairg]], i ndeisceart na h[[An Iorua|Iorua]] agus in iardheisceart na [[An tSualainn|Sualainne]]. Mhéadaigh ar an daonra sna hAlpa agus chuaigh sé isteach sna ceantair máguaird. Neadaíonn an Deargéadan Beag anois chomh fada soir le deisceart na [[An Pholainn|Polainne]], leis [[an tSlóvaic]] agus le tuaisceart na [[An Rómáin|Rómáine]]. Is éan imirceach é nach dtéann ach achar gearr agus fanann a lán acu san áit chéanna ar neadaigh siad i rith an [[geimhreadh|gheimhridh]] chomh maith. Aistríonn na héin a chónaíos sna hAlpa go hairdí níos ísle. Sa Bhreatain, tá siad níos líonmhaire sna hísealchríocha le linn an gheimhridh, agus téann cuid de na héin as an mBreatain ó dheas go dtí an [[An Eoraip|mhór-roinn]] sa gheimhreadh, ar uairibh chomh fada leis an Ibéir. Tugadh isteach an speiceas seo go dtí an [[Nua-Shéalainn]] sa bhliain 1862 mar chuid de lastas éan go Nelson. Ina dhiaidh sin, tugadh isteach níos mó acu isteach sa tír agus tá an cineál éin seo le fáil go forleathan. Is ar an Oileán Theas is minice a fheictear an Deargéadan Beag agus neadaigh siad go leor de na h[[oileán|oileáinn]] iomadúla amach ón g[[cósta]]. Ina theannta sin, bhog sé go dtí an chríoch [[An Astráil|Astrálach]] d’Oileán Macquarie agus tá sé le fáil mar fhánaí ar Oileán Lord Howe. Áitríonn sé [[coill]]earnach oscailte, scrobchríocha, talamh [[feirm]]e agus dumhcha. Chuidigh méadú na bhfáschoillte buaircíneach leis na deargéadain scaipeadh go háiteanna nua. == Nósanna == [[Íomhá:Carduelis flammea cabaret MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.221 Naurois HdB Tolborough.jpg|thumb|''Carduelis cabaret'']] Is éan caidreamhach é a sheilgeas [[bia]] in ealtaí go hiondúil. Seilgeann sé sna [[crann|crainn]] mórchuid na haimsire ach ar an talamh freisin scaití, go háirithe sa gheimhreadh de thairbhe laghdú i soláthar na [[síol]]ta. Is iad síolta beaga, mar shíolta na [[Beith|beithe]], na [[Fearn|fearnóige]] agus na bh[[féar]] is mó a itear. Itheann an deargéadan bachlóga [[toradh|toraidh]] agus inveirteabraigh freisin. Cúplálann siad do shéasúr an ghoir go mall sa gheimhreadh. Neadaíonn roinnt cúplaí gar dá chéile go minic in ealta scaoilte. Déanann an t-éan baineann an [[nead]], i gcruth cupáin, i dtom nó i gcrann go hiondúil. Déantar an nead as craobhóga agus lorgaí [[planda]], le sraith inmheánach de fhréamhacha, fhéar, chaonach, [[duilleog|dhuilleoga]] agus fhásra eile, chomh maith le líneáil de chleití, [[olann]] agus [[fionnadh|fhionnadh]]. Beirtear idir dhá [[ubh]] agus seacht n-uibhe. Tá na huibheacha bánghormach nó scothghlas éadrom le treallanna scothdearga nó scothdhonna orthu. Gorann an deargéadan baineann na huibheacha ar feadh 12-15 de laethanta le linn don éan fireann bia a thabhairt di. Beathaíonn an bheirt acu na héin óga agus cleitíonn siad siúd tar éis 9-15 lá. [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1776]] 989i2su1wnjh1yk0mngu43evrw8hzzr 0 27803 1323105 1135697 2026-08-06T20:52:23Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323105 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Gallinula chloropus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.67.1.jpg|thumb| ''Gallinula chloropus'']] Is [[éan]] í an '''chearc uisce''' (''Gallinula chloropus'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Gallinula%20chloropus/|title=“Gallinula chloropus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-06}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{Síol}} [[Catagóir:Gruiformes]] [[Catagóir:Rallidae]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] jfxvu5suzcw67f50ouwssdsqh0ad3yo 0 27888 1323023 1164730 2026-08-06T17:38:26Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323023 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Clamator glandarius MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.152.2.jpg|thumb|''Clamator glandarius'' in a clutch of ''Corvus cornix'']] Is [[éan]] í an '''charóg liath'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Corvus%20cornix/|title=“Corvus cornix” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Corvidae iad. Cónaíonn sé timpeall na hEorpa, go háirithe in Éirinn. Tá sé cosúil leis an g[[caróg dhubh]] i nósanna. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 7qtbhshmlq6bhneesf1a899kaxjdig2 0 27990 1323027 1164847 2026-08-06T17:40:40Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323027 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Asio otus otus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.155.3.jpg|thumb|''Asio otus otus'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''ceann cait'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Asio%20otus/|title=“Asio otus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Asio otus'') . [[Ulchabhán]] atá ann, ball d'ord na Strigiformes. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] skk9bm18efocl4as6puh7xxc0x49uvv 1323031 1323027 2026-08-06T18:01:28Z Ériugena 188 1323031 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Asio otus otus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.155.3.jpg|thumb|''Asio otus otus'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''ceann cait'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Asio%20otus/|title=“Asio otus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> ('''''Asio otus''''') . [[Ulchabhán]] atá ann, ball d'ord na Strigiformes. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 9hxgh6tuickfrurhctiozw8l1nybqvf 1323035 1323031 2026-08-06T18:53:08Z Ériugena 188 1323035 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Asio otus otus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.155.3.jpg|thumb|''Asio otus otus'']] Is speiceas [[éan]] é an '''ceann cait''' <ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Asio%20otus/|title=“Asio otus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> ('''''Asio otus''''') a bhaineann leis an bhfine Strigidae. Ciallaíonn an t-ainm géineas, ''Asio'' "ulchabhán adharcach ", agus tá ainm an speicis ''otus'' díorthaithe ón nGréigis d'ulchabhán beag cluasach.<ref name="Voous">{{cite book |last=Voous|first=K. H. |year=1988 |title=Owls of the Northern Hemisphere |publisher=[[MIT Press]] |isbn=0262220350}}</ref> <ref name="job">{{cite book |last1=Jobling |first1=James A |year=2010 |title=''The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names'' |url=https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling |publisher=Christopher Helm |location=London |isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4 |pages=57, 286}}</ref> Póraíonn an speiceas san Eoraip agus sa Phailéartach, chomh maith le Meiriceá Thuaidh. Is cuid den ghrúpa níos leithne ulchabhán an speiceas seo ar a dtugtar gnáth-ulchabháin, ina bhfuil an chuid is mó de speicis ulchabhán atá ar marthain.<ref name="Weick">{{cite book |title=''Owls (Strigiformes): Annotated and Illustrated Checklist'' |last1=Weick |first1=Friedhelm |year=2007 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-540-39567-6}}</ref><ref name="Mikkola">''Owls of the World: A Photographic Guide'' by Mikkola, H. Firefly Books (2012), {{ISBN|9781770851368}}</ref><ref name="Konig">{{cite book |last1=König |first1=Claus |title=''Owls of the World'' |year=2008 |publisher=Christopher Helm |location=London |isbn=978-1-4081-0884-0 |edition=2nd |author2=Weick, Friedhelm }}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 0e0ou8plpdvnw93hfmycaosdduffdyt 0 28371 1323159 1164934 2026-08-06T21:28:31Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323159 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Buteo buteo MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.89.1.jpg|thumb| ''Buteo buteo'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''clamhán'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Buteo%20buteo/|title=“Buteo buteo” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na accipitridae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] f9jxxz7gvlqnrdroxvryks1hvfg9mdr 0 28589 1322868 1162673 2026-08-06T12:13:53Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322868 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''beachadóir'''. Is baill d'fhine na Meropidae iad. Tá trí ghéineas agus 26 speiceas ann. Tá siad le fáil sa [[Sean-Domhan]]. Tá siad 16 - 35 cm. Bíonn an gob fada. Itheann siad feithidí.<ref>Forshaw, J. & Kemp, A. 1991. Encyclopaedia of Animals: Birds. Merehurst Press, Londan. lgh 144–145. isbn= 1-85391-186-0</ref> == Na géinis == * ''[[Meropogon]]'' Bonaparte, 1850 <small>(1 speiceas)</small> * ''[[Merops]]'' Linnaeus, 1758 <small>(23 speiceas)</small> * ''[[Nyctyornis]]'' Jardine & Selby, 1830 <small>(2 speiceas)</small> == Na speicis == * ''[[Nyctyornis amictus]]'' * ''[[Nyctyornis athertoni]]'' * ''[[Meropogon forsteni]]'' * ''[[Merops breweri]]'' * ''[[Merops muelleri]]'' * ''[[Merops gularis]]'' * ''[[Merops hirundineus]]'' * ''[[Merops pusillus]]'' * ''[[Merops variegatus]]'' * ''[[Merops oreobates]]'' * ''[[Merops bulocki]]'' * ''[[Merops bullockoides]]'' * ''[[Merops revoilii]]'' * ''[[Merops albicollis]]'' * ''[[Merops boehmi]]'' * ''[[Merops orientalis]]'' * ''[[Merops persicus]]'' * ''[[Merops superciliosus]]'' * ''[[Merops philippinus]]'' * ''[[Merops ornatus]]'' * ''[[Merops viridis]]'' * ''[[Merops leschenaulti]]'' * ''[[Merops apiaster]]'' * ''[[Merops malimbicus]]'' * ''[[Merops nubicus]]'' * ''[[Merops nubicoides]]'' == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} == Naisc == == Naisc sheachtracha == {{commonscat|Meropidae}} * [http://www.camacdonald.com/birding/Sampler2a-Bee-eaters.htm Camacdonald Gallery of each species] * [http://ibc.lynxeds.com/family/bee-eaters-meropidae Bee-eater videos] on the Internet Bird Collection * [http://montereybay.com/creagrus/bee-eaters.html Meropidae, Bird families of the World] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090204114732/http://montereybay.com/creagrus/bee-eaters.html |date=2009-02-04 }} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1815]] cgbj9qlyq7sj1nratyac3yq2v2aimm7 1322877 1322868 2026-08-06T12:23:14Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322877 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''beachadóir'''. Is baill d'fhine na Meropidae iad. Tá trí ghéineas agus 26 speiceas ann. Tá siad le fáil sa [[Sean-Domhan]]. Tá siad 16 - 35 cm. Bíonn an gob fada. Itheann siad feithidí.<ref>Forshaw, J. & Kemp, A. 1991. Encyclopaedia of Animals: Birds. Merehurst Press, Londan. lgh 144–145. isbn= 1-85391-186-0</ref> == Na géinis == * ''[[Meropogon]]'' Bonaparte, 1850 <small>(1 speiceas)</small> * ''[[Merops]]'' Linnaeus, 1758 <small>(23 speiceas)</small> * ''[[Nyctyornis]]'' Jardine & Selby, 1830 <small>(2 speiceas)</small> == Na speicis == * ''[[Nyctyornis amictus]]'' * ''[[Nyctyornis athertoni]]'' * ''[[Meropogon forsteni]]'' * ''[[Merops breweri]]'' * ''[[Merops muelleri]]'' * ''[[Merops gularis]]'' * ''[[Merops hirundineus]]'' * ''[[Merops pusillus]]'' * ''[[Merops variegatus]]'' * ''[[Merops oreobates]]'' * ''[[Merops bulocki]]'' * ''[[Merops bullockoides]]'' * ''[[Merops revoilii]]'' * ''[[Merops albicollis]]'' * ''[[Merops boehmi]]'' * ''[[Merops orientalis]]'' * [[Beachadóir Peirseach]] * ''[[Merops superciliosus]]'' * ''[[Merops philippinus]]'' * ''[[Merops ornatus]]'' * ''[[Merops viridis]]'' * ''[[Merops leschenaulti]]'' * [[Beachadóir Eorpach]] * ''[[Merops malimbicus]]'' * ''[[Merops nubicus]]'' * ''[[Merops nubicoides]]'' == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} == Naisc == == Naisc sheachtracha == {{commonscat|Meropidae}} * [http://www.camacdonald.com/birding/Sampler2a-Bee-eaters.htm Camacdonald Gallery of each species] * [http://ibc.lynxeds.com/family/bee-eaters-meropidae Bee-eater videos] on the Internet Bird Collection * [http://montereybay.com/creagrus/bee-eaters.html Meropidae, Bird families of the World] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090204114732/http://montereybay.com/creagrus/bee-eaters.html |date=2009-02-04 }} [[Catagóir:Éin]] n777m60499aeqc6ervls0pl86aikn5b 0 28590 1322875 1163026 2026-08-06T12:19:07Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322875 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''bonnán'''. Is iad na bonnáin na speicis éin atá ina mbaill den fhine úd Ardeidae. Aithnítear roinnt speiceas. Is éin [[riasc|réisc]] iad. Itheann siad reiptílí, feithidí, éisc, crústaigh, froganna, torbáin, agus mamaigh bheaga. Tá siad le fail i Meiriceá Thuaidh agus Theas, san Áise, san Afraic, san Astráil, sa Nua-Shéalainn agus san Eoraip. Is éin imircigh iad an chuid is mó díobh. Beireann siad 1-7 ubh. == Na speicis == * Géineas ''Botaurus'' ** ''Botaurus pinnatus'' ** ''Botaurus lentiginosus'' ** ''Botaurus stellaris'' ** ''Botaurus poiciloptilus'' * Géineas ''Ixobrychus'' ** ''Ixobrychus involucris'' ** ''Ixobrychus exilis'' ** ''Ixobrychus minutus'' ** ''Ixobrychus sinensis'' ** ''Ixobrychus eurhythmus'' ** ''Ixobrychus cinnamomeus'' ** ''Ixobrychus sturmii'' ** ''Ixobrychus flavicollis'' ** † ''Ixobrychus novaezelandiae'' * Géineas ''Zebrilus'' ** ''Zebrilus undulatus'' == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1850]] 1lu7ua71z1yf6cmtiw8pf5r17vyjkxm 1322876 1322875 2026-08-06T12:20:09Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Cealaíodh athrú [[Special:Diff/1322875|1322875]] le [[Special:Contributions/An Sionnach Rua|An Sionnach Rua]] ([[User talk:An Sionnach Rua|plé]]) 1322876 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''bonnán'''. Is iad na bonnáin na speicis éin atá ina mbaill den fhine úd Ardeidae. Aithnítear roinnt speiceas. Is éin [[riasc|réisc]] iad. Itheann siad reiptílí, feithidí, éisc, crústaigh, froganna, torbáin, agus mamaigh bheaga. Tá siad le fail i Meiriceá Thuaidh agus Theas, san Áise, san Afraic, san Astráil, sa Nua-Shéalainn agus san Eoraip. Is éin imircigh iad an chuid is mó díobh. Beireann siad 1-7 ubh. == Na speicis == * Géineas ''Botaurus'' ** ''Botaurus pinnatus'' ** ''Botaurus lentiginosus'' ** ''Botaurus stellaris'' ** ''Botaurus poiciloptilus'' * Géineas ''Ixobrychus'' ** ''Ixobrychus involucris'' ** ''Ixobrychus exilis'' ** ''Ixobrychus minutus'' ** ''Ixobrychus sinensis'' ** ''Ixobrychus eurhythmus'' ** ''Ixobrychus cinnamomeus'' ** ''Ixobrychus sturmii'' ** ''Ixobrychus flavicollis'' ** † ''Ixobrychus novaezelandiae'' * Géineas ''Zebrilus'' ** ''Zebrilus undulatus'' == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] hv6sf9snro37m1yveez7xpnrefuplf6 0 28595 1323275 1305383 2026-08-07T09:26:51Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323275 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo |image=A male blackbird at Legerwood - geograph.org.uk - 6008664.jpg |peu=Lon dubh (fireann) |image2=A female blackbird feeding on rowan berries - geograph.org.uk - 5980854.jpg |peu2=Céirseach (baineann) }} [[File:Turdus merula merula MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.186.11.jpg|thumb|Uibheacha an speicis]] Is [[éan]] é an '''lon dubh''' (''Turdus merula''). Tugtar '''céirseach'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Turdus%20merula/|title=“Turdus merula” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> ar an éan baineann. Is baill d'fhine na ''Turdidae'' iad. Póraíonn sé san [[An Eoraip|Eoraip]], san [[An Afraic|Afraic]] Thuas, agus san [[An Áise|Áise]] Theas ó dhúchas. Tugadh iad isteach fosta san [[An Astráil|Astráil]] agus sa [[An Nua-Shéalainn|Nua-Shéalainn]], ina bhfuil anois freisin daonraí a phóraíonns.<ref>Long, John L. (1981). ''Introduced Birds of the World''. Agricultural Protection Board of Western Australia. l. 21–493</ref> Itheann an lon dubh [[Feithid|feithidí]], [[Péist|péistí]], [[Sméar dhubh|sméara]] agus torthaí eile.<ref name=":0">{{Luaigh foilseachán|journal=[[Wings]]|title=Ainmneacha Éanlaith Éireann: Lon dubh|author=[[Fearghas Mac Lochlainn|Mac Lochlainn, Fearghas]]|year=2021}}</ref> I roinnt codanna a réimse, is éan cónaitheach atá ann, fad is i gcodanna eile bíonn sé ag [[Imirce (bitheolaíocht)|imirce]], nó fiú bíonn éin chónaithigh agus éin imircigh san áit céanna. == Béaloideas == Sa naoú haois déag chreid daoine gurb é an lon dubh a bhí ag coinneáil [[Anam|anamnacha]] na marbh i b[[Purgadóir]] go Lá an Bhreithiúnais. Nuair a chloistí glór uaigneach an loin dhuibh sa dorchadas, ba iad na hanamnacha bochta a bhí ag glaoch agus iad ag iarraidh faoisimh ón bhfulaingt, ón teas, ón tart. Thagadh an bháisteach i gcónaí gan teip ina dhiaidh sin! Itheann an lon dubh feithidí, péistí, sméara agus torthaí eile.<ref name=":0" /> == Léann == Reáchtálfar comhdháil acadúil dátheangach ar an lon dubh in g[[Coláiste na Tríonóide, Baile Átha Cliath|Coláiste na Tríonóide]] ar an 15 Bealtaine 2026. Tabharfaidh saineolaithe óráid ar chúrsaí [[Éiceolaíocht|éiceolaíocha]] mar aon le cinn ar rólanna an éinín chéanna i litríocht na [[An tSean-Ghaeilge|Sean-Ghaeilge]], litríocht luath na [[An Bhreatnais#Luath-Bhreatnais|Breatnaise]], san [[Fiannaíocht|Fhiannaíocht]], sa cheol, sa [[Béaloideas na hÉireann|bhéaloideas]], agus i nualitríocht na Gaeilge.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.tcd.ie/Irish/gaeilge/nuacht/comhdhala/Comhdhail-2026-Lon.php|teideal=Conference: An Lon Dubh - The Blackbird :: 15 May 2026|language=as Béarla ⁊ Gaeilge|work=www.tcd.ie|dátarochtana=2026-03-29}}</ref> == Féach freisin == * [[Peadar Ó Doirnín]] * ''[[Cuaifeach mo Londubh Buí]]'' == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Síol-éan}} [[Catagóir:Éin na hEorpa]] [[Catagóir:Éin na hAfraice]] [[Catagóir:Timpeallacht na hÉireann]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] pudav6ui6p48niuan3i8fy6peyjlwlz 0 28596 1323012 1166324 2026-08-06T17:28:17Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323012 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[Íomhá:Sylvia atricapilla MHNT 232 Souk- Ahras Algérie.jpg|thumb|'' Sylvia atricapilla '']] [[File:Cuculus canorus bangsi MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.150.31.jpg|thumb|''Cuculus canorus bangsi'' + ''Sylvia atricapilla'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''caipín dubh'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Sylvia%20atricapilla/|title=“Sylvia atricapilla” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Sylvia atricapilla'') . Is baill d'fhine na Sylviidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] i8mf96d6jabeaesudnbv2r08312ot7i 0 28605 1322874 1165364 2026-08-06T12:18:32Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322874 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''bobóilinc'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Dolichonyx%20oryzivorus/|title=“Dolichonyx oryzivorus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Icteridae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] hwbvabxtnjhf4ladnigsx2cdta19c5j 0 28610 1322886 1195605 2026-08-06T12:36:03Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322886 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} :''Baineann an t-alt seo leis an éan; má tá suim agat san éadach Albanach, féach [[Breacán]].'' Is [[éan]] é an '''breacán'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Fringilla%20montifringilla/|title=“Fringilla montifringilla” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Fringillidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] ij62qypcwux5ryv03dhfgyxhcc7mrul 0 28611 1323026 1166434 2026-08-06T17:40:02Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323026 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''catéan liath'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Dumetella%20carolinensis/|title=“Dumetella carolinensis” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Mimidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1766]] n76oxxu8j08642vaqh2yz3cca265bqu 0 28649 1323003 1163033 2026-08-06T17:23:49Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323003 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''caislín'''. Is baill d'fhine na Muscicapidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1825]] 0an9zvhogbbssbyz6gm0frpexsrnya1 0 28657 1323095 1163035 2026-08-06T20:45:09Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323095 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''chearc cheannann'''. Is baill d'ord na Rallidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] e69q0scu2new8qdzsk7rtgyxxpmpxr4 0 28684 1323022 1165302 2026-08-06T17:38:12Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323022 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Corvus corone corone MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.173.1.jpg|thumb|''Corvus corone corone'']] Is [[éan]] í an '''charóg dhubh'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Corvus%20corone/|title=“Corvus corone” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'ord na Passeriformes iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] tgjpmy4yn0p52k3sus6dsgyh906c8zo 0 28816 1322889 1164639 2026-08-06T12:37:54Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322889 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Calidris alpina alpina MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.119.22.jpg|thumb| ''Calidris alpina alpina'']] Is [[éan]] í an '''bhreacóg'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Calidris%20alpina/|title=“Calidris alpina” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Calidris alpina'') . == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] rsfjq420sjbvy8ssi00xjzrrx83x5qx 0 28818 1322881 1166035 2026-08-06T12:33:57Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322881 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[Íomhá:Charadrius morinellus MHNT.jpg|thumb|Ubh '' Charadrius morinellus '']] Is [[éan]] é an t-'''amadán móinteach'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Charadrius%20morinellus/|title=“Charadrius morinellus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Charadrius morinellus''). Is ball d'ord na Charadriiformes é. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 5bekrtlc8xh26glxd7vxgh1bbav7zti 0 28823 1323252 1165441 2026-08-07T09:08:58Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323252 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Cuculus canorus canorus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.149.30.jpg|thumb| ''Cuculus canorus canorus'' + ''Prunella modularis'']] [[File:Zingende en poetsende heggenmus-4961739.webm |thumb |left|Prunella modularis]] Is [[éan]] í an '''donnóg'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Prunella%20modularis/|title=“Prunella modularis” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Prunella modularis''). Is baill d'fhine na Prunellidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] kxkd58ozspsn7foijo0n01ov041v4eo 0 29021 1323106 1202934 2026-08-06T20:52:51Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323106 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] í an '''chearcóg chorcra''' (''Porphyrio porphyrio'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Porphyrio%20porphyrio/|title=“Porphyrio porphyrio” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2024-03-11}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] a5ru7nes22mcf30cv4etv2cgq79lg3y 0 29030 1323208 1138356 2026-08-07T06:59:46Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323208 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[Íomhá:Pyrrhula pyrrhula europoea Gouvieux 222.jpg|thumb|''Pyrrhula pyrrhula europoea'']] [[File: Male bullfinch (Pyrrhula pyrrhula) feeding on sunflower seed.webm| thumb|left |Pyrrhula pyrrhula]] Is [[Éan|éan]] beag [[Passeriformes|pasaireach]] [[An Eoráise|Eoráiseach]] é an '''Corcrán coille''' (''Pyrrhula pyrrhula''),<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Pyrrhula%20pyrrhula/|title=“Pyrrhula pyrrhula” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-23}}</ref> a bhaineann leis an [[Fine (bitheolaíocht)|bhfine]] Fringillidae (na [[Glasán|glasáin]]). Bíonn siad ina gcónaí agus ag ithe ina mbeirteanna, ar imeall coille nó fáil. Teitheann sé go gasta má dhéantar teagmháil leis. Is cuairteoir rialta é ar ghairdíní beaga, go háirithe i réigiúin atá saibhir in úlloird. Bíonn sé an-fhaiteach, agus fanann sé i bhfolach sa bhfásra. == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{Síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] nr0djo91rskp9hoenvs0qhlkui7nhug 0 29103 1323151 1165053 2026-08-06T21:25:28Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323151 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''cíorbhuí coiteann''' nó an '''cíorbhuí'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Regulus%20regulus/|title=“Regulus regulus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Regulus regulus''). Is baill d'fhine na Regulidae iad. == Íomhánna == <gallery> Regulus regulus regulus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.207.jpg|'' Regulus regulus regulus '' Regulus regulus azoricus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.207.jpg|'' Regulus regulus azoricus '' Regulus regulus inermis MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.207.jpg|'' Regulus regulus inermis '' Regulus regulus teneriffae MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.jpg|'' Regulus regulus teneriffae '' </gallery> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 6t2uv2uluz2j0ej21in4kk77j9j8akm 0 29176 1323272 1265866 2026-08-07T09:23:37Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323272 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Dromaius novaehollandiae MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.1.7.jpg|thumb|egg of ''Dromaius novaehollandiae'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''t-éamú'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Dromaius%20novaehollandiae/|title=“Dromaius novaehollandiae” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Dromaius novaehollandiae''). Is ball d'fhine na gCasuariidae é. Níl eitilt ag an éamú. Tá cónaí air san Astráil amháin. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Eamu}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1790]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na hAstráile]] rwaz0aa5ezt33i065dyd16v6rg599oe 0 29177 1322897 1197079 2026-08-06T12:43:11Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322897 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Gyps fulvus - 01.jpg|thumb|Badhbh ghríofa (''Gyps fulvus'')]] [[Éan]] creiche atá oiriúnaithe chun splíonach a ithe is ea an '''bultúr''' nó '''badhbh'''. Gan cleití fada ar a ceann is gan aon bholadh uaithi. Tá badhbh an tSeandomhain in [[éabhlóid]] le 20 milliún bliain. Bhíodh sí ar fud [[An Domhan|an Domhain]], ach anois níl sa Domhan Úr. Badhbh an Domhain Nua a bhíodh ar fud an Domhain tráth, níl sé ach i [[Meiriceá Thuaidh]], Láir is Theas anois.<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Badhbh|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=58}}</ref> Ní [[Clád|grúpa tacsanomaíochta]] na bultúir; rangaítear bultúir an Domhain Nua (7 speiceas) san fhine [[Cathartidae]], ach rangaítear bultúir an tSeandomhain (16 speiceas) san fhine [[Accipitridae]], in éindí leis na [[Iolar|hiolair]], [[Clamhán|clamháin]], [[Seabhac|seabhaic]], srl. ==Speicis roghnaithe== * Bultúir an tSeandomhain ** [[Bultúr luaithriúíl]] — ''Aegypius monachus'' ** [[Bultúr meigeallach]] — ''Gypaetus barbatus'' ** [[Bultúr uan]] — ''Gypaetus barbatus'' ** [[Bultúr droimgheal oirthearach]] — ''Gyps bengalensis'' ** [[Bultúr gríofa|Bultúr gríofa (Eoráiseach)]] nó badhbh ghríofa — ''Gyps fulvus'' ** [[Bultúr gobchaol]] — ''Gyps tenuirostris'' ** [[Bultúr Éigipteach]] — ''Neophron percnopterus'' ** [[Bultúr ceannann]] — ''Trigonoceps occipitalis'' * Bultúir an Domhain Nua ** [[Bultúr turcach]] — ''Cathartes aura'' ** [[Condar na nAindéas]] — ''Vultur gryphus'' ** [[Ríbhultúr]] — ''Sarcoramphus papa'' == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol ainmhí}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] 0komsh1v8umter43dq9xgowxpznx3pc 0 29406 1323257 1166333 2026-08-07T09:11:38Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323257 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Larus marinus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.127.9.jpg|thumb| ''Larus marinus'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''droimneach mór'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Larus%20marinus/|title=“Larus marinus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 7jv4iwdghkbminj6xg104bb1ncrst1p 0 29482 1323213 1165937 2026-08-07T07:02:19Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323213 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[Íomhá:Nycticorax nycticorax MHNT.jpg|thumb|'' Nycticorax nycticorax '']] Is [[éan]] í an '''corr oíche'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Nycticorax%20nycticorax/|title=“Nycticorax nycticorax” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Ardeidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] eqdc1fzg1nv8h0vfrasa5tb3ynv2n5z 0 29529 1323010 1164626 2026-08-06T17:27:25Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323010 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Coloeus monedula MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.172.3.jpg|thumb|''Coloeus monedula '' - ([[MHNT]])]] Is éan [[Passeriformes|pasaireach]] é '''an cág'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Coloeus%20monedula/|title=“Coloeus monedula” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Coloeus monedula'') i bhfine na [[Corvidae]], ar a dtugtar freisin '''an cág Eoráiseach''', nó '''an cág Eorpach''' agus a bhfuil aithne air as rudaí a ghoid ó dhaoine. Bíonn sé ar fáil ar fud na hEorpa, in iarthar na hÁise agus san Afraic Thuaidh; is éan cónaithe é den chuid is mó, cé go n-imíonn líonta oirthearacha agus iartharacha ó dheas sa gheimhreadh. Aithnítear ceithre fhospeiceas, atá difriúil go príomha i ndath a gclúmh ar an chloigeann agus ar an bhaic. Rinne [[Carl von Linné|Linnaeus]] cur síos foirmiúil air ar dtús, ag tabhairt an ainm ''Corvus monedula'' dó. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] lcpbt1cojvmv7nemjgwi4jqgkt4td5t 0 29575 1323195 1166519 2026-08-07T06:35:46Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323195 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[Íomhá:Calidris canutus MHNT.jpg|thumb|''Calidris canutus '']] Is [[éan]] é an '''cnota'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Calidris%20canutus/|title=“Calidris canutus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Scolopacidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] afmgtdt7pjnd9y1k677j36ca68str7b 0 29835 1322904 1165380 2026-08-06T12:50:56Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322904 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''bultúr uan'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Gypaetus%20barbatus/|title=“Gypaetus barbatus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (nó '''bultúr meigeallach'''). Is baill d'fhine na Accipitridae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} <gallery> File:Gypaète barbu MHNT.jpg|Gypaetus barbatus aureus File:Gypaetus barbatus hemachalanus MHNT.jpg|Gypaetus barbatus hemachalanus </gallery> {{DEFAULTSORT:Bultur uan}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] cuyd21dfq8k8ttpfqbsvj7dv3gps2x9 0 29944 1323202 1164742 2026-08-07T06:44:56Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323202 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Pandion haliaetus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.93.9.jpg|thumb| ''Pandion haliaetus'']] Is é an '''coirneach'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Pandion%20haliaetus/|title=“Pandion haliaetus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Pandion haliaetus'') [[éin chreiche]] mheán-mhór atá mar ghnáth-itheoir éisc le dáileadh ar fud an domhain. Is baill d'fhine na Pandionidae iad. Bhí an speiceas seo ina phóraitheoir coitianta in Éirinn tráth ach rinneadh géarleanúint air go ndeachaigh sé as feidhm faoin 19ú haois. Feictear go rialta é agus é ar imirce. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] pfvna3t9ofhehmod5pxgkn6ter1qhgh 0 29948 1323271 1223109 2026-08-07T09:23:02Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323271 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an t-'''éan oighinn''' (''Seiurus aurocapilla'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Seiurus%20aurocapillus/|title=“Seiurus aurocapillus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2024-06-20}}</ref> Is ball d'fhine na bParulidae é. Caitheann sé an samhradh in oirthear agus lár Mheiriceá Thuaidh agus an geimhreadh i bh[[Florida]], [[Cúba]], [[Meiriceá Láir]] agus áiteanna eile ina gcóngar. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ean oighinn}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1766]] ayc38r2nrcjeisksc798bjoc4zjklsi 0 30402 1322873 1164766 2026-08-06T12:17:52Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322873 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Anas acuta MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.20.6.jpg|thumb| ''Anas acuta'']] [[File:Pijlstaart mannetje en vrouwtje-4961953.webm| thumb |left|Anas acuta]] Is [[éan]] é an '''biorearrach'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Anas%20acuta/|title=“Anas acuta” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Anatidae iad. Tugtar '''biorearrach tuaisceartach''' nó '''lacha stiúrach''' air freisin == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] d81z4h2zpdzbungvb8e5wxssyvq8bv5 0 30415 1322883 1163115 2026-08-06T12:34:17Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322883 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Teideal iodálach}} {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Aythya ferina MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.20.4.jpg|thumb| ''Aythya ferina'']] Is speiceas [[éan]] é '''''Aythya ferina'''''; is é '''póiseard''' nó '''lacha mhásach''' an t-ainm coitianta ar an éan seo i nGaeilge, cé go n-úsáidtear na hainmneacha seo ar [[Póiseard|speicis eile]] freisin. Is baill d'fhine na Anatidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 691vgrsm0zhsikabldqjkjv3sersm6b 0 30433 1323226 1192471 2026-08-07T07:43:41Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323226 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File: Alca torda MHNT Île Rouzic.jpg|thumb|''Alca torda'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''crosán'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Alca%20torda/|title=“Alca torda” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Alca torda''), agus is é an t-aon speiceas amháin sa ghéineas úd ''Alca''. Ceann de speicis na fine úd ''Alcidae'' atá ann. Glactar leis gurb é an cineál éan is cóngaraí ó thaobh na géinitice de don [[Falcóg mhór|fhalcóg mhór]], speiceas a chuaigh in éag sa naoú haois déag agus nach raibh ábalta eitilt a dhéanamh. Murab ionann agus an t-éan gaolmhar seo tá an crosán in ann eitilt go maith. Speicis gaolmhara eile iad na forachain (''Uria''), is é sin an [[Foracha|ghnáthfhoracha]] nó an t-éan aille (''Uria aalge'') agus [[foracha Brünnich]] (''Uria lomvia'') Ba é an t-eolaí Sualannach Carolus Linnaeus ([[Carl von Linné]]) a bhaist an t-ainm Laidine ar an gcrosán, agus bhunaigh sé an dá fhocal ''alca'' agus ''torda'' ar an Lochlainnis (cf. ''álki'' na hÍoslainnise agus ''törd'' na Sualainnise canúnaí). Bhain sé an chéad úsáid as ''Alca torda'' sa deichiú heagrán dá mhórshaothar ''Systema Naturae''. Aithníonn eagraíocht na n-éaneolaithe Meiriceánacha dhá fhospeiceas, ''Alca torda torda'' agus ''Alca torda islandica'' - barrúil go leor ní thiocfá ar an dara ceann acu san Íoslainn. Is é an fospeiceas úd ''islandica'' an ceann a bhfuil cónaí air in Éirinn, sa Ríocht Aontaithe agus in iarthuaisceart na Fraince. Bíonn an crosán 505-890 g ar mheáchan, 37-39 ar fad, agus fad an sciatháin ag guagaíl idir 201-216 mm (201-213 mm ag na crosáin bhaineanna). Tá bolg an chrosáin bán, agus téann an bháine i bhfairsinge nuair nach mbíonn an crosán ag neadú. Maireann an crosán 13 bliana ar mheán, ach is féidir teacht ar an gcorr-aonán a sháraíonn an aois sin go mór mór: sa Ríocht Aontaithe mhair crosán amháin 41 bhliain, de réir an fháinne a bhí sé a iompar. Caitheann an crosán an chuid is mó dá shaol amuigh ar an teiscinn mhór. Ní thagann sé i dtír ach le nead a thógáil. Cosúil leis na h''Alcidae'' eile maraíonn sé iasc, ar nós [[caibeallán]], [[corr ghainimh]], [[salán]], [[Trosc|troisc]] óga, agus [[scadán]]. Is féidir leis na crosáin crústaigh agus polacaeit a ithe freisin, agus le fírinne dealraíonn sé go bhfuil réim bia an chrosáin ag brath go mór ar an gcineál bia atá ar fáil san áit a bhfuil sé ag déanamh a chuid seilge. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] omjbdsjt5iv8d08lbk3i578boytq5y8 0 30435 1323247 1139470 2026-08-07T08:10:06Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323247 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''deargéadan coiteann''' (''Acanthis flammea'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Acanthis%20flammea/|title=“Acanthis flammea” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-31}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{Síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 60c72uaq82mv2k198w6kqx2ei8kyo5p 1323248 1323247 2026-08-07T08:36:04Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Athrangaíodh an speiceas seo ina fhospeiceas 1323248 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''deargéadan coiteann''' (''Acanthis flammea flammea'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Acanthis%20flammea/|title=“Acanthis flammea” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-31}}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/bow/finches/|teideal=Finches, euphonias, longspurs, Thrush-tanager – IOC World Bird List|work=www.worldbirdnames.org|dátarochtana=2026-08-07}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{Síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] bfzqrwugjismbclixs1prn4zyri6fot 0 30436 1323224 1165096 2026-08-07T07:41:50Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323224 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Tringa totanus totanus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.118.6.jpg|thumb| ''Tringa totanus totanus'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''cosdeargán'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Tringa%20totanus/|title=“Tringa totanus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> a dtugtar an ladhrán trá air chomh maith. Is baill d'fhine na Scolopacidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] nyoginq99lqcaj5d9zk3fqr5djo2li3 0 30439 1323270 1292930 2026-08-07T09:22:26Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323270 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Phoenicurus phoenicurus phoenicurus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.194.1.jpg|mion|clé|Uibheacha ''Phoenicurus phoenicurus phoenicurus'']] Is [[éan]] é an t-'''earrdheargán'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Phoenicurus%20phoenicurus/|title=“Phoenicurus phoenicurus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is ball d'fhine na Muscicapidae é. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Earrdheargán}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 9ilqhivflhazyz1dambnaf6ak78cydv 0 30440 1323246 1149349 2026-08-07T08:04:34Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323246 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Turdus iliacus coburni MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.186.28.jpg|thumb|''Turdus iliacus coburni'']] Cineál [[Smólach|smólaigh]] atá dúchasach don Eoraip, an Áise is tuaisceart na hAfraice is ea an '''deargán sneachta''' (''Turdus iliacus'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Turdus%20iliacus/|title=“Turdus iliacus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-30}}</ref> Caitheann sé an geimhreadh in Éirinn agus Aibreán-Deireadh Fómhair i dtuaisceart is oirthear na hEorpa mar a bpóraíonn sé. Dath glédhearg ar a thaobh is faoina sciatháin, agus stríoc liathbhán os cionn a shúl. Áitríonn sé coillte is talamh feirmeoireachta. Itheann sé torthaí, feithidí, péisteanna, is seilidí. Bíonn aimsir an-fhuar dian orthu mar nach mbíonn bia le fáil.<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Deargán sneachta|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=203}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{Síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1766]] kumkj54ij4lo0jmf0lldlr8gkg1eptp 0 31353 1323205 1215585 2026-08-07T06:47:08Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323205 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é '''condar na nAindéas'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Vultur%20gryphus/|title=“Vultur gryphus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Cathartidae iad. Tá sé ina chónaí i [[Na hAindéis|Sléibhte na nAindéas]]. Is scroblachóir é agus itheann sé ainmhithe marbha. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 9zdaxzqp3fhk93via7bdfl1p2o9a37a 0 31366 1323230 1322704 2026-08-07T07:47:39Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323230 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} {{cladogram|title=Fíligineacht |caption=Cladagram bunaithe ar an anailís mhóilíneach le hAndersen agus comhghleacaithe a foilsíodh in 2017.<ref name=andersen2017>{{ cite journal | last1=Andersen | first1=M.J. | last2=McCullough | first2=J.M. | last3=Mauck III | first3=W.M. | last4=Smith | first4=B.T. | last5=Moyle | first5=R.G. | year=2017 | title=A phylogeny of kingfishers reveals an Indomalayan origin and elevated rates of diversification on oceanic islands | journal=Journal of Biogeography | volume= 45| issue= 2| pages=1–13 | doi=10.1111/jbi.13139 | doi-access= }}</ref> |clades={{clade| style=font-size:90%;line-height:100%;width:280px |label1=''Dacelo'' |1={{clade |1={{clade |1=[[Cúcabarra breac]] |2=[[Cúcabarra sluasaidghobach]] (''Clytoceyx rex'') }} |2={{clade |1=[[Cúcabarra tarr-ruadhonn]] |2={{clade |1=[[Cúcabarra gáiriteach]] |2=[[Cúcabarra gormeiteach]] }} }} }} }} }} Is [[Cruidín|cruidíní]] [[Cruidín crainn|crainn]] talún iad na '''cúcabarraí''' ar baill den fhine [[Alcedinidae]] agus den ghéineas '''''Dacelo''''' iad. Tá an cruidín seo de bhunadh [[An Astráil|na hAstráile]] agus [[An Nua-Ghuine|na Nua-Ghuine]] agus bíonn siad idir 28 agus 47 cm (11 agus 19 orlach) i bhfad le meáchan thart faoi 300 g (11 unsa). Is [[focal iasachta]] é ainm an éin seo ón ''[[Wiradjuri]] guuguubarra'' ar onamataipé dá ghlao í. Úsáidtear glao gáiriteach an éin seo atá ard agus sainiúil go forleathan mar [[Maisíocht fuaime stoc|mhaisíocht fuaime stoc]] i gcás a mbíonn díthreabh na hAstráile nó dufair thrópaiceach á cur i láthair agus is forleithne atá sí i seanscannán amhail [[The Lost World: Jurassic Park]] agus [[The Wizard of Oz (scannán)|The Wizard of Oz]].<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Single or Married: Foley Used Independently or Combined with Sound Effects|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780080928395-10|publisher=Routledge|journal=The Foley Grail|date=2013-07-24|pages=37–42}}</ref> Aimsítear an cruidín seo i ngnáthóga amhail [[Foraois|foraoisí]] taise agus [[sabhána]] tur chomh maith le háiteanna uirbeacha le crainnte arda nó in aice le huisce reatha. Cé gur baill den fhine níos forleithne "cruidíní" iad, ní bhaineann na cúcabarraí go dlúth le huisce.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title="Birds of Australia 7th edition" by Ken Simpson and Nicolas Day. 2004. [book review]|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v118i4.841|journal=The Canadian Field-Naturalist|date=2004-10-01|issn=0008-3550|pages=630|volume=118|issue=4|doi=10.22621/cfn.v118i4.841|author=Roy John}}</ref> == Tacsanomaíocht == Thug an zó-eolaí Sasanach [[William Elford Leach]] an géineas ''Dacelo'' isteach sa bhliain 1815.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=The zoological miscellany : being descriptions of new, or interesting animals|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.41372|publisher=Printed by B. McMillan for E. Nodder & Son and sold by all booksellers|date=1814|location=London|author=William Elford Leach, Frederick Polydore Nodder, Richard Polydore Nodder, George Shaw}}</ref> Is é an cúcabarra gáiriteach [[eiseamlár an speicis]] seo.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=''Check-List of Birds of the World''. (Vol. 5.) James Lee Peters. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univ. Press, 1945. Pp. xi + 306. $5.00.|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.103.2662.32.a|journal=Science|date=1946-01-04|issn=0036-8075|pages=32–32|volume=103|issue=2662|doi=10.1126/science.103.2662.32.a|author=Alden H. Miller}}</ref> Is anagram é ainm an ghéinis ''Dacelo'' de ''alcedo'' arb é an focal Laidine ar an chruidín.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names: From Aalge to Zusii|url=https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling|publisher=Christopher Helm|date=2010|location=London|author=James A. Jobling}}</ref> Fuair staidéar móilíneach a foilsíodh sa bhliain 2017 amach go raibh an géineas Dacelo, mar a leagadh amach, [[paraifiliginiteach]]. Rinneadh an [[cúcabarra sluasaid-ghobach]] a rangú sa ghéineas [[monaichineálach]] ''Clytoceyx'' sula rinneadh é a athrangú sa ghéineas ''Dacelo'' mar gheall ar fhianaise paraifíliginiteach.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=A phylogeny of kingfishers reveals an Indomalayan origin and elevated rates of diversification on oceanic islands|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jbi.13139|journal=Journal of Biogeography|date=2018-02|issn=0305-0270|pages=269–281|volume=45|issue=2|doi=10.1111/jbi.13139|language=en|author=Michael J. Andersen, Jenna M. McCullough, William M. Mauck, Brian Tilston Smith, Robert G. Moyle}}</ref> == Rangú agus Speicis == Féadfar cúig speiceas cúcabarra a aimsiú san Astráil, sa Nua-Ghuine agus [[Leasríocht na n-Oileán Arú|sna hOileáin Arú]]: {{Tábla speiceas |genus= Dacelo |authority-name=[[William Elford Leach|Leach]]|authority-year= 1815 |species-count=cúig|no-note=y|narrow-percent=75}} {{Tábla speiceas/sraith |name=[[Cúcabarra sluasaidghobach]]<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/c%C3%BAcabarra%20sluasaidghobach/|teideal="cúcabarra sluasaidghobach"|work=téarma.ie|dátarochtana=2023-12-29}}</ref> |binomial=[[Dacelo rex]] |image=File:Shovel-billed Kingfisher.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt= |authority-name=Sharpe |authority-year=1880 |authority-not-original=yes |range= sléibhte na Nua-Ghuine |range-image= |range-image-size=180px |size= 33 cm (13 or) i bhfad |habitat=ní fios |hunting=ní fios |iucn-status= LC |population= |direction= |subspecies= }} {{Tábla speiceas/sraith |name=[[Cúcabarra breac]]<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/c%C3%BAcabarra%20breac/|teideal="Cúcabarra Breac"|work=téarma.ie|dátarochtana=2023-12-29}}</ref> |binomial=[[Dacelo tyro]] |image=File:Spangled Kookaburra.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt= |authority-name=Gray |authority-year=1858 |authority-not-original= |range= [[Leasríocht na n-Oileán Arú|sna hOileáin Arú]], deisceart na Nua-Ghuine |range-image= |range-image-size=180px |size=33 cm (13 or) i bhfad |habitat=ní fios |hunting=ní fios |iucn-status= LC |population= |direction= |subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Dhá fhospeicis |bullets=on | ''D. t. archboldi'' (Rand, 1938) | ''D. t. tyro'' (Gray, GR, 1858) }} }} {{Tábla speiceas/sraith |name=[[Cúcabarra tarr-ruadhonn]]<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/c%C3%BAcabarra%20tarr-ruadhonn/ga/|teideal="cúcabarra tarr-ruadhonn"|work=téarma.ie|dátarochtana=2024-01-14}}</ref> |binomial=[[Dacelo gaudichaud]] |image=File:Rufous-bellied Kookaburra (cropped).jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt= |authority-name=Gaimard|authority-year= 1823 |authority-not-original=yes |range= ísealchríocha na Nua-Ghuine |range-image= |range-image-size=180px |size=28 cm (11 or) i bhfad |habitat=[[Foraois bháistí|foraoisí báistí]] dlútha |hunting=ní fios |iucn-status= LC |population= |direction= |subspecies= }} {{Tábla speiceas/sraith |name=[[Cúcabarra gáiriteach]]<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/c%C3%BAcabarra%20g%C3%A1iriteach/ga/|teideal="cúcabarra gáiriteach"|work=téarma.ie|dátarochtana=2023-12-29}}</ref> |binomial=[[Dacelo novaeguineae]] |image=File:Dacelo novaeguineae - Knocklofty.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt= |authority-name=Hermann|authority-year=1783 |authority-not-original=yes |range= éan dúchasach oirthear na hAstráile, éan ionrach in iardheisceart na hAstráile |range-image=File:Distribution laughing kookaburra.jpg |range-image-size=180px |size=41–47 cm (16–19 or) i bhfad |habitat=foraois scléirifill oscailte agus coillearnaí |hunting=[[Mamach|mamaigh]] bheaga agus [[inveirteabrach|inveirteabraigh]] |iucn-status= LC |population= |direction= |subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Dhá fhospeicis |bullets=on | ''D. n. novaeguineae'' (Hermann, 1783) | ''D. n. minor'' ([[Herbert Christopher Robinson|Robinson]], 1900) }} }} {{Tábla speiceas/sraith |name=[[Cúcabarra gormeiteach]]<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/c%C3%BAcabarra%20gormeiteach/ga/|teideal="cúcabarra gormeiteach"|work=téarma.ie|dátarochtana=2024-01-14}}</ref> |binomial=[[Dacelo leachii]] |image=File:Blue-winged Kookaburra, Kakadu NP 5993.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt= |authority-name=Vigors & Horsfield |authority-year=1827 |authority-not-original=yes |range= tuaisceart na hAstráile, deisceart na Nua-Ghuine |range-image= |range-image-size=180px |size=38 go 42 cm (15 go 17 or) i bhfad |habitat=coillte [[Sabhána|sabhána]] oscailte agus seascann ''[[Melaleuca]]'' chomh maith le talamh feirme agus plandálacha [[Cána siúcra|cána siúcra]] |hunting=[[Feithid|feithidí]], [[Laghairt|laghairteanna]] agus [[Frog|froganna]] den chuid is mó |iucn-status= LC |population= |direction= |subspecies= }} {{Tábla speiceas/deireadh}} Is iomaitheoirí díreacha iad na speicis gháiriteacha agus ghormeiteacha sna háiteanna a fhorluíonn a raonta gnáthaithe, rud nach bhfuil coitianta i measc speicis gharghaolta.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Breeding and hand-rearing the Blue-winged kookaburra at the Royal Melbourne Zoo|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1090.1984.tb03028.x|journal=International Zoo Yearbook|date=2007-12-18|issn=0074-9664|pages=181–183|volume=23|issue=1|doi=10.1111/j.1748-1090.1984.tb03028.x|author=R.W. DUNN}}</ref> Tugann sé seo le fios gur in iargúltacht a d'éabhlóidigh an dá speicis seo, b'fhéidir le linn tréimhse a raibh an Astráil agus an Nua-Ghuine níos faide amach óna chéile. Glaonn muintir na Kamilaroi/Gamilaraay agus na Wiradjuri ”guuguubarra” ar an chúcabarra gháiriteach. Is de bhunadh mórthír na hAstráile Thoir é.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=http://theconversation.com/why-the-kookaburras-iconic-laugh-is-at-risk-of-being-silenced-208181|teideal=Why the kookaburra’s iconic laugh is at risk of being silenced|údar=Diana Kuchinke|dáta=2024-04-17|language=en-US|work=The Conversation|dátarochtana=2024-07-07}}</ref> Tá cúcabarraí [[Démhorfacht gnéasanna|démhorfach ó thaobh a ngnéasanna de]]. Is furasta é seo a fheiceáil sna speicis ghormeiteacha agus tarr-ruadhonna toisc eireabaill ghorma a bheith ar fhireannaigh agus eireabaill ruadhonna a bheith ar bhaineannigh. == Iompar == [[Íomhá:Kookaburra close-up.jpg|mion|Grianghraf gar-amhairc de chúcabarra in Sydney na hAstráile]] Ainmhithe [[Feoiliteoir|feoiliteacha]] iad na cúcabarraí go príomha a itheann lucha, nathracha, feithidí, reiptílí beaga agus óga éan eile. Murab ionann is cruidíní eile, ní minic a itheann cúcabarraí éisc, cé go dtógfaidh siad éisc órga ó locháin ghairdín má bhíonn an deis acu. Beathaítear le bia atá oiriúnach d'[[éin chreiche]] i ngairdíní ainmhithe iad. Cé go nglacfadh formhór éan le dáileacháin bia ó láimh agus go dtógfaidís feoil ó fhulachtaí, ní mholtar iad a bheathú le mairteoil mhionaithe nó le bia peata toisc nach bhfuil a ndóthain [[cailciam]] ná [[gairbhseach]] iontu.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Health Data Breaches Compromised 29 Million Patient Records in 2010–2013|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carage.2015.05.008|journal=Caring for the Ages|date=2015-06|issn=1526-4114|pages=6|volume=16|issue=6|doi=10.1016/j.carage.2015.05.008|author=Jennie Smith}}</ref> === Nósanna Seilge === Is minic a fheictear cúcabarraí ar feitheamh dá gcreacha ar línte tarchuir leictreachais agus ar ghéaga ísle crainnte. Tumamn siad síos nuair a fheiceann siad a gcuid creiche agus beireann siad greim air lena ngoba láidre. Má tá an chreach beag go leor íosfar ina iomlán í, ach mura bhfuil, buaileann an cúcabarra í in aghaidh crann nó na talún chun í a bhogadh ar mhaithe le hithe níos éasca.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.wildlife.vic.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0030/91389/Laughing-Kookaburra.pdf|teideal=Our Wildlife Factsheet - Laughing Kookaburra|údarlink=wildlife.vic.gov.au|foilsitheoir=Rialtas Victoria|dátarochtana=7ú Mí Iúil 2024}}</ref> Tá siad [[Fearann (ainmhithe)|cosantach]] faoina bhfearann, seachas an cúcabarra tarr-ruadhonn a bhíonn cónaí orthu lena n-óga ón aimsir díreach caite.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Legge, Sarah|url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/223994691|title=Kookaburra: King of the Bush|journal=Kookaburra: King of the Bush|publisher=CSIRO Pub., Collingwood, Victoria|year=2004|oclc=223994691}}</ref> Marcálann siad a bhfearann go minic trí chasadh a gceiliúir. === Réim Bia === Cuimsíonn réim bia na gcúcabarraí laghairteanna, nathracha nimhe, froganna, creimirí, ciaróga, péisteanna, feithidí agus mamaigh bheaga eile. === Gnáthóg === Tá cónaí orthu i gcoillte scléirifillí agus i bhforaoisí oscailte, i ngach mór aon áit le crainnte atá mór go leor chun neadacha a thógáil agus áiteanna creiche oscailte. Tá líon na gcúcabarraí g dul in éag de dheasca creachadóirí, easpa creiche agus na timpeallachta. == Caomhantas == Liostaítear chuile speicis cúcabarra mar [[Speiceas is lú imní|speicis is lú imní]]. Cosnaíonn dlí na hAstráile éin dhúchasacha na hAstráile, na cúcabarraí ina measc.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Programas de seguimiento y grupos de trabajo de SEO/BirdLife 2022|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.31170/0096|journal=Programas de seguimiento y grupos de trabajo de SEO/BirdLife 2022|date=2023|doi=10.31170/0096}}</ref> == Sa Chultúr Choiteann == [[Íomhá:Spangled Kookaburra.jpg|mion|An Cúcabarra Breac]] Tá fuaim shainiúil an chúcabarra gháiritigh an-chosúil le [[gáire]] an duine daonna agus baintear úsáid fhorleathan aisti in léiriúcháin [[Scannánaíocht|scannánaíochta]] agus [[Clár teilifíse|teilifíse]] agus in marcaíochtaí áirithe i bpáirc shiamsaíochta théama [[Disney]], beag beann ar shuíomhanna na ndufairí san Afraic, san Áise nó i Meiriceá Theas. Tá cúcabarraí le feiceáil in roinnt cluichí ríomhaire amhail ''[[Lineage II]]'', ''[[Battletoads]]'' agus ''[[World of Warcraft]]''. Tá carachtar Astrálach le feiceáil sa tsraith theilifíse ''Splatalot!'' darb ainm "Kookaburra" a bhfuil feisteas le sciatháin mhaisiúla amhail clúmh an éin agus gáire ardairde sainiúil air. Ceann den trí shonóg a roghnaíodh do [[Cluichí Oilimpeacha an tSamhraidh 2000|Chluichí Oilimpeacha an tSamhraidh 2000]] in [[Sydney]] ab ea 'Olly an Cúcabarra'. Ba iad 'Millie an [[Eicidneach|tEicidneach]]' agus 'Syd an [[Platapas]]' an dá shonóg eile. Baineadh úsáid as ceiliúr an chúabarra darb leasainm "Jacko" mar théama oscailte stáisiúin Raidió [[ABC Raidió|ABC]] agus craoltaí thar lear [[Raidió na hAstráile]].<ref name=":0">{{Lua idirlín|url=http://www.ontheshortwaves.com/Jacko.html|teideal=Jacko, the Broadcasting Kookaburra|údar=Jerry Berg|work=www.ontheshortwaves.com|dátarochtana=2023-02-07|archivedate=2017-05-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170526154145/http://www.ontheshortwaves.com/Jacko.html}}</ref> === Leabhar === * Téama oscailte Raidió ABC ab ea bunadh an leabhair do pháistí le Brooke Nicholls dar teideal ''Jacko, the Broadcasting Kookaburra - His Life and Adventures''.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Nicholls, Brooke|date=1933|title=Jacko, the Broadcasting Kookaburra — His Life and Adventures|url=https://archive.org/details/b1111769|publisher=Angus & Robertson}}</ref> * Tá ról lárnach ag an chúcabarra gháiriteach i bplota leabhair 1969 William Arden ''The Mystery of the Laughing Shadow'' (ceann de thrí leabhar na sraithe '''[[Three Investigators]]''<nowiki/>' do léitheoirí óga).<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Arden, William|date=1969|title=The Mystery of the Laughing Shadow|url=https://archive.org/details/alfredhitchcockt0000arde_x6t2|publisher=Random House|location=New York}} lgh. 164–166. <nowiki>ISBN 9780394914923</nowiki>.</ref> * Sa ghearrscéal ''Nowhere to Go'' le Barry Woods. === Scannán === [[Íomhá:Newly hatched chicks of Australian Laughing Kookaburra.jpg|mion|Trí chúcabarra óga tar éis a dteacht amach]] * Is féidir iad a chloisteáil in roinnt scannáin luaithe de chuid [[Johnny Weissmuller]] agus den chéad uair ina scannán ''Tarzan and the Green Goddess''(1938).<ref>Melissa (2013-08-27). "Of Tarzan and Kookaburras". ''The Sound and the Foley''. Dáta rochtana 2023-02-07.</ref> * Is féidir an glao a chloisteáil in ''[[The Wizard of Oz (scannán)|The Wizard of Oz]]'' (1939), ''[[The Treasure of the Sierra Madre]]'' (1948), ''[[Swiss Family Robinson (scannán 1960)|Swiss Family Robinson]]'' (1960), ''[[Cape Fear (scannán 1962)|Cape Fear]]'' (1962), ''[[The Lost World: Jurassic Park]]'', agus scannáin eile.<ref>Melissa (2013-05-30). "That Jungle Sound". ''The Sound and the Foley''. Dáta rochtana 2023-02-07.</ref> * Is glao mionathraithe cúcabarra é glao na deilfe sa tsraith theilifíse ''[[Flipper (sraith theilifíse 1964)|Flipper]]'' (1964-7).<ref>Arthur, Nicole (2003-01-31). "Day of the Dolphin". ''Washington Post''. ISSN 0190-8286. Dáta rochtana 2023-02-07.</ref> * Déanann an carachtar Billy ([[David Gulpilil]]) aithris fhoirfe ar ghlao an chúcabarra sa scannán Astrálach ''[[Mad Dog Morgan]]'' (1976). * Is féidir an glao a chloisteail ag tús an scannáin ''[[Raiders of the Lost Ark]]'' (1981) agus iad sa dufair. * Is féidir an glao a chloisteail sa scannán Astrálach ''[[True History of the Kelly Gang]]'' (2019) agus an Constábla Mhic Phádraig agus é ag imscrúdú na gcéad dhúnmharuithe le Grúpa Meirleach nua-bhunaithe Uí Cheallaigh. * Namhaid uileghabhálach an scannáin ''[[Koala Man]]'' (2023) is ea an carachtar darb ainm Christopher a ghlacann leis an teideal "The Kookaburra". [[Jemaine Clement]] a ghuthaigh é. Is é iar-chara an charachtair teidil an [[deargnamhaid]] atá aige anois agus déanann sé glaonna cosúil leis an chúcabarra go minic. === Ceol === [[Íomhá:Blue-winged kookaburra arp.jpg|mion|Cúcabarra Gormeiteach fireann]] *Is amhrán do pháistí aitheanta a scríobhadh sa bhliain 1932 le Marion Sinclair é "[[Kookaburra (amhrán)|Kookaburra]] [sits in the old gum tree]". *Eisíodh "Kookaburra" leis an [[Cúpla Cocteau|chúpla Cocteau]] ar a gceirnín leathfhada 1985 ''[[Aikea-Guinea]]''. *Tá "Kookaburra" le [[John Vanderslice]] ar a albam 2007 ''[[Emerald City (albam John Vanderslice)|Emerald City]]''. *Is as Contae Durham don bhanna ceoil Sasanach '''The Kookaburras''<nowiki/>'. *Tá na liricí "... the Laughing Kookaburras call ..." le cloisteáil san amhrán "''Across the Hills of Home''" ar an albam ''Something of Value'' le [[Eric Bogle|hEric Bogle]]. *Tá an seoladh ''Kookaburra, an Astráil'' ag BFD Records agus BFD Productions, arb iad dáileoirí agus/nó sealbhóirí cóipchirt den chuid is mó d'albaim dhíolama rac-gharáiste agus rac-shícedeileacha sa tsraith ''[[Pebbles (sraith)|Pebbles]]''. *Tá na liricí "Well the kookaburra laughed ..." le fáil san amhrán "''[[Old Man Emu]]''" le [[John Williamson (amhránaí)|John Williamson]]. *Tá glao an chúcabarra le fáil sna hamhráin "Doom City" ón albam ''[[Flying Microtonal Banana]]'' agus "All is Known" ón albam ''[[Gumboot Soup]]'' leis an bhanna cheoil Astrálach [[King Gizzard and the Lizard Wizard]] a eisíodh sa bhliain 2017. === Stampaí === [[Íomhá:Australia-Stamp-1946 BCOF Wartime Overprint.jpg|mion|Stampa a d'eisigh [[Fórsa Forghabhála an Chomhlathais Bhriotanaigh]] den chéad uair sa bhliain 1946]] *Eisíodh stampa leathphingine sa bhliain 1914. *Eisíodh stampa cómórtha Astrálach don Taispeántas Stampshanais Idirnáisiúnta 1928 in Melbourne. *Eisíodh stampa leathphingine sa bhliain 1932. *Tá péire cúcabarra le feiceáil ar stampa Astrálach 38¢ a eisíodh sa bhliain 1990.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=http://www.birdtheme.org/country/austral.html|teideal=Birds on stamps: Australia Australi� Australie|work=www.birdtheme.org|dátarochtana=2023-12-13}}</ref> *Eisíodh stampa idirnáisiúnta Astrálach $1.70 le cúcabarra maisithe sa bhliain 2013. *Eisíodh stampa $1.10 de chúcabarra gáiriteach sa bhliain 2020. === Airgead === [[Íomhá:Reverse of two ounce Kookaburra proof coin from the Perth mint.jpg|mion|Taobh cúil an bhoinn phrofa Cúcabarra rilíf ard dhá unsa a bhuail Mionta Perth.]] *Tá bonn Astrálach darb ainm an [[Cúcabarra Airgead]] á buaileadh go bliantúil ón bhliain 1990 ar aghaidh.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=http://www.silverbullionworld.com/kookaburra.html|teideal=Cúcabarra Astrálach(Bonn airgid)|údar=Silver Bullion World|dátarochtana=13-11-13|archivedate=2013-10-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131024010624/http://www.silverbullionworld.com/kookaburra.html}}</ref> *Bhí an cúcabarra le feiceáil ar [[Nóta fiche dollair Astrálach|nótaí fiche dollair Astrálacha]] go han-mhinic. === Úsáid thar spóirt === *Chaill an luamh [[Rannóg 12 Méadar|12m]] ''[[Kookaburra III]]'' [[Corn Mheiriceá]] sa bhliain 1987.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=http://www.shipsonstamps.org/Topics/html/amcup.htm|teideal=Maritime Topics On Stamps, America Cup, Sailing|dáta=2008-06-08|work=web.archive.org|dátarochtana=2023-12-13|archivedate=2008-06-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080608183022/http://www.shipsonstamps.org/Topics/html/amcup.htm}}</ref> *Baistear [[foireann Astrálach haca na bhfear]] as an chúcabarra. Ba iad seaimpíní an domhain sa [[haca]] sna blianta 1986, 2010 agus 2014.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=http://hockey.org.au/National-Teams/Kookaburras-men/Kookaburras/Social-Hub|teideal=Kookaburras (men)|dáta=2014-06-26|work=web.archive.org|dátarochtana=2023-12-13|archivedate=2014-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140626030920/http://hockey.org.au/National-Teams/Kookaburras-men/Kookaburras/Social-Hub}}</ref> *Baistear an comhlacht trealamh spóirt Astrálach '[[Kookaburra Sport]]' as an chúcabarra. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} == Leabharliosta == Brooke Nicholls; Dorothy Wall (illus.) (1933). ''Jacko, the Broadcasting Kookaburra — His Life and Adventures''. Sydney: Angus & Robertson. == Léitheoireacht Bhreise == * Sceitsí agus glaonna an chúcabarra ar shuíomh [[Garraithe Náisiúnta Lus na hAstráile|Gharraithe Náisiúnta Lus na hAstráile]]. Cartlannaithe ón [https://web.archive.org/web/20080720104051/http://www.anbg.gov.au/birds/birds.html bhunleagan] ar 2008-07-20. Aisghafa 2010-09-03. == Nascanna Seachtracha == * [http://www.wimp.com/kookaburrabird/ Físthaifead gar-amhairc de cheiliúr an chúcabarra] {{Halcyoninae}} {{Cavitaves|K.|state=collapsed}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q340041}} [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] [[Catagóir:Dacelo]] d7negbsgnzcr8p1bopxu3gzzgcc03l5 0 31425 1323263 1279195 2026-08-07T09:17:49Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323263 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Cygnus atratus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.16.5.jpg|thumb| ''Cygnus atratus'']] Is [[éan]] uisce í an '''eala dhubh'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Cygnus%20atratus/|title=“Cygnus atratus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Cygnus atratus''). a phóraíonn go príomha i réigiúin thoir theas agus iardheisceart na hAstráile. Laistigh den Astráil, tá an eala dhubh fánach, agus patrúin imirce mhearbhlacha ag brath ar dhálaí aeráide. Is éan mór é le cluimhreach dhubh agus gob dearg. Is póraitheoir monagamach é, agus comhroinneann an dá chomhpháirtí dualgais goir agus cothaithe. Is ball d’fhine na ''Anatidae'' í. Tugadh an eala dhubh isteach i dtíortha éagsúla mar éan ornáideach sna 1800í, ach d'éirigh léi éalú agus daonraí cobhsaí a chruthú. Sainmhíníodh an t-eala dubh go heolaíoch ag an nádúraí Sasanach John Latham sa bhliain 1790. .Roimhe seo, cuireadh an t-éan seo ina ghéineas aonchineálach (monaitíopach) , ''Chenopis.'' Is féidir ealaí dubha a fháil go haonarach, nó i gcomhluadair scaoilte ag uimhriú isteach sna céadta nó fiú sna mílte. Is éan a mbíonn tóir uirthi i ngairdíní zó-eolaíocha agus i mbailiúcháin éan, agus uaireanta feictear éaluithe lasmuigh dá raon nádúrtha. Cé go bhfuilsí siad dúchasach d'iardheisceart agus d'oirdheisceart na h[[an Astráil|Ástráile]], tugadh isteach iad i roinnt áiteanna eile ar domhan. Tá an t-éan seo ina shiombail réigiúnach d'Iarthar na hAstráile, áit a bhfuil sí dúchasach, agus don bhaile Dawlish i Sasana, áit ar tugadh isteach é mar speiceas allúrach. == Ealaí dubha agus Alba == Nochd an chéad eala dhubh sa Ríocht Aontaithe sa bhliain 1791, ach níor shíolraigh siad go dtí 1902, agus níl sí fós ar an liosta d'éin a bhfuul daonra féinchothaitheach acu sa Ríocht Aontaithe. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1790]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na hAstráile]] tfa466x83l94gr6211usjvtsoavkyh8 0 31428 1323265 1155805 2026-08-07T09:18:56Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323265 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Cygnus cygnus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.12.1.jpg|thumb| ''Cygnus cygnus'']] Is [[éan]] í an '''eala ghlórach''' (''Cygnus cygnus''). Is baill d'fhine na Anatidae iad.<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Cygnus%20cygnus/|title=“Cygnus cygnus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-03}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{Síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 13rrr7gmwa8qnvjdg0e02yzgoarxscp 0 31472 1322895 1166401 2026-08-06T12:41:53Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322895 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[Íomhá:Emberiza citrinella MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.216 Le Monetier05.jpg|thumb|'' Emberiza citrinella '']] [[File:Zingende geelgors-4961611.webm| thumb|left|Emberiza citrinella]] Is [[éan]] beag [[pasaireach]] í an '''bhuíóg'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Emberiza%20citrinella/|title=“Emberiza citrinella” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Emberiza citrinella''). Is baill d'fhine na Emberizidae iad. Maireann sé an bhliain ar fad s[[an Eoraip]] agus isteach in iarthar na [[An tSibéir|Sibéire]]. Sa samhradh feictear na buíóga níos faide i lár na Sibéire, agus sa gheimhreadh san Áise Láir. Tugadh isteach é s[[an Astráil]] agus sa [[An Nua-Shéalainn|Nua-Shéalainn]] freisin. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Buiog}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 9h8ioajcdfmhponrlci1c3fqppp1eim 0 31737 1322996 1076539 2026-08-06T16:30:03Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322996 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''cacapó''' (''Strigops habroptila'', [[Maorais]]: ''kākāpō''). Is de bhunús na Nua-Shéalainne iad. Éin oíchí iad, agus is ionann an t-ainm "cacapó" agus "péaróid na hoíche" in Maorais. Tá saintréithe faoi leith ag an gcacapó, atá uathúil ó gach éin eile ar domhain. Is é an cacapó an t-aon phéaróid ar domhain nach féidir eitilt, agus is iad na paréidí is troime dá bhfuil ann. Tá an speiceas seo i mbaol - níl ach 149 acu ann, agus tá ainmneacha tugtha do bheagnach gach ceann acu.<ref>http://createsend.com/t/i-FE4939184088B7162540EF23F30FEDED</ref> ==Tagairtí== {{reflist}} {{Síol}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cacapo}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1845]] ntgn1cn4n7s24u9x9vdapps14a7qppi 0 44996 1322902 1148254 2026-08-06T12:49:59Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322902 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[Badhbh]] den Seandomhan atá dúchasach do [[Deisceart|dheisceart]] [[An Eoraip|na hEorpa]], [[an Afraic]] is deisceart [[An Áise|na hÁise]] is ea an '''bultúr gríofa''' (''Gyps fulvus'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Gyps%20fulvus/|title=“Gyps fulvus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-30}}</ref> Tugtar an '''bultúr gríofa Eoráiseach''' air freisin, chun idirdhealú a dhéanamh le speicis eile sa ghéineas ''Gyps'' ar a dtugtar ''bultúr gríofa'' chomh maith.<ref name='Tearma2'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/bult%FAr%20gr%EDofa%20Eor%E1iseach/|title=“bultúr gríofa Eoráiseach” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-30}}</ref> Níl cleití fada ar an gceann ná an [[muineál]]. Áitríonn sí tír oscailte. Itheann sí conablaigh [[mamach]] mór, suas le ceathrú dá [[meáchan]] féin i mbéile amháin. De ghnáth bíonn cuid mhaith díobh i láthair má bhíonn a leithéid ar fáil.<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Badhbh gríofa|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=58}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{Síol}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bultúr griofa}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1783]] 1vxi2ltkx0cam389v76v3bd4id2s61h 0 45249 1323179 1191281 2026-08-06T22:36:42Z Wikipidéanach 68935 Saol 1323179 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}} Cógaseolaí a rugadh i m[[Baile Udain]] na [[Albain|hAlban]] ab ea '''Sir James Black''' ([[14 Meitheamh]] [[1924]] – [[22 Márta]] [[2010]]). Rinne sé an-chuid [[taighde]] is forbartha ar dhrugaí sábháilte chun [[galar croí]], othrais agus galair éagsúla eile a chóireáil. Roinn sé [[Duais Nobel]] na [[Fiseolaíocht|Fiseolaíochta]] nó an [[Míochaine|Leighis]] sa bhliain 1988 le [[Gertrude Elion]] is George Hitchins as an saothar sin. Rinne sé staidéar ar fhiseolaíocht in ollscoil Ghlaschú, áit ar fhorbair sé a spéis in éifeachtaí adrenaline ar an gcroí. Thosaigh sé ag obair don chomhlacht ICI Pharmaceuticals sa bhliain 1958, áit ar chum sé propanolol. Ansin chuaigh sé le Smith, Kline agus French sa bhliain 1964, agus d'fhorbair sé cimetidine (tagamet) ansin, druga le haghaidh [[Othras peipteach|othrais bholg]] a tháinig chun bheith ar an druga oideas is mó díol ar domhan. Ina dhiaidh sin, bhí sé ina ollamh le cógaiseolaíocht in University College London agus King's College London, agus d'fhóin sé mar Sheansailéir Ollscoil Dhún Dé ó 1992 go 2006. Fuair sé bás i [[Londain]] Shasana tar éis tinnis fhada sa bhlian 2010.<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=James Whyte Black|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=77}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Black, James W.}} [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1924]] [[Catagóir:Básanna in 2010]] [[Catagóir:Cógaseolaithe Albanacha]] 19zpn0ci2itlzfs3mo8sg20nflqdok8 0 45443 1322890 1155507 2026-08-06T12:38:11Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322890 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[Éan]] mór liath, cosúil le [[corr bhán]] le ceann mór is ea '''an bróg-ghob''' (''Balaeniceps rex'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Balaeniceps%20rex/|title=“Balaeniceps rex” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> An gob an-leathan an-domhain, cosúil le bróg. Áitríonn sé riasca lár [[An Afraic|na hAfraice]]. Oíchí. Itheann sé [[Veirteabrach|veirteabraigh]] bheaga, moilisc is splíonach.<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Bróg-ghob|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=92}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Brog-ghob}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1850]] 36grg5brwrz0mk5gxkcvgi2imtpb4bd 0 45516 1322892 1148305 2026-08-06T12:38:57Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322892 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[Éan]] atá gaolmhar leis an [[Gainnéad|ngainnéad]]. Dúchasach do na farraigí trópaiceacha is fothrópaiceacha. Sruthlíneach le gob biorach gealdaite. Gabhann sé [[Iasc|éisc]] trí thumadh go hingearach isteach san uisce. Boilg aeir faoin [[Craiceann|gcraiceann]] san aghaidh, a mhaolaíonn [[turraing]] an tumtha.<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Búbaí|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=97}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bubai}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1760]] ckn02cc9b66vabih4pphzcgxmbls49w 0 45532 1322896 1209161 2026-08-06T12:42:21Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322896 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''bulbal'''<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/bulbal/|title=“bulbal” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2024-04-03}}</ref> atá dúchasach don [[An Afraic|Afraic]] thrópaiceach, [[Madagascar]] is [[deisceart]] [[An Áise|na hÁise]]. Na sciatháin gearr, an t-[[eireaball]] fada, guairí righne ag bun an eireabaill bhioraigh. Glórach tréadúil. Áitríonn sé [[coillearnach]] nó talamh shaothraithe. Itheann sé torthaí is [[Feithid|feithidí]].<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Bulbal|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=98}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bulbal}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1840]] t7vjehie8521vxx9dqb07r02vrzx8e5 1322899 1322896 2026-08-06T12:47:36Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322899 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is fine [[éan]] é an '''bulbal'''<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/bulbal/|title=“bulbal” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2024-04-03}}</ref> atá dúchasach don [[An Afraic|Afraic]] thrópaiceach, [[Madagascar]] is [[deisceart]] [[An Áise|na hÁise]]. Na sciatháin gearr, an t-[[eireaball]] fada, guairí righne ag bun an eireabaill bhioraigh. Glórach tréadúil. Áitríonn sé [[coillearnach]] nó talamh shaothraithe. Itheann sé torthaí is [[Feithid|feithidí]].<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Bulbal|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=98}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bulbal}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] bvlnnnjh4tbfrjwj3w1z5fxnzbxsp7l 0 45575 1323013 1238142 2026-08-06T17:28:49Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323013 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[Gé|Is gé]] atá dúchasach don leathsféar thuaidh é an '''cadhan'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Branta%20bernicla/|title=“Branta bernicla” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Branta bernicla''). Síolraíonn sé san [[An tArtach|Artach]] ard, agus déanann imirce do chóstaí measartha ó thuaidh sa [[Geimhreadh|gheimhreadh]]. Itheann sé an [[féar mara]], an [[miléarach|mhiléarach]], den chuid is mó. Is annamh a neadaíonn sé i mbraighdeanas, ní hionann agus an chuid is mó de na géanna eile.<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Cadhan|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=103}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cadhan}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] as2w4fdc9dkgl27o5ty08cv78tejb37 0 45633 1323009 1181860 2026-08-06T17:26:37Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323009 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Saxicola rubetra MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.192.1.jpg|thumb|''Saxicola rubetra'']] [[Éan]] de chlann ar leith de na [[Smólach|smólaigh]], dúchasach don [[An Eoraip|Eoraip]], [[tuaisceart]] [[An Afraic|na hAfraice]] is [[iarthar]] [[An Áise|na hÁise]] is ea '''an caislín aitinn'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Saxicola%20rubetra/|title=“Saxicola rubetra” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Saxicola rubetra''). A uachtar breac is a íochtar bánghnéitheach, le líne éadrom mala. Áitríonn sé móinteach is féarach.<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Caislín aitinn|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=108}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Caislin aitinn}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 2noo3gf4uzfekf7ooyfzzna7hbdfnth 0 45634 1323017 1154025 2026-08-06T17:34:42Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323017 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Géineas [[smólach]] atá dúchasach den chuid is mó den Seandomhan is ea '''''Saxicola'''''. Cúig speiceas déag sa ghéineas, ar a dtugtar '''caislíní''' nó '''caislíní cloch''' de ghnáth. Ceann dorcha ar an bhfireannach, spotaí bána ar an [[muineál]] is an [[cliabhrach]] scothdhearg éadrom. Áitríonn sé talamh oscailte. Itheann sé [[Feithid|feithidí]], gráinní is caora. Tuirlingíonn sé go minic ar thom, claí is mar sin de.<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Caislín dearg|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=108}}</ref> == Speicis == * ''Saxicola caprata'' * ''Saxicola dacotiae'' — [[Caislín cloch na nOileán Canárach]] * ''Saxicola ferreus'' * ''Saxicola gutturalis'' * ''Saxicola insignis'' * ''Saxicola jerdoni'' * ''Saxicola leucurus'' — [[Caislín cloch earrbhán]] * ''Saxicola macrorhynchus'' * ''Saxicola maurus'' — [[Caislín Sibéarach]] * ''Saxicola rubetra'' — [[Caislín aitinn]] * ''Saxicola rubicola'' — [[Caislín cloch Eorpach]] * ''Saxicola sibilla'' — [[Caislín cloch Mhadagascar]] * ''Saxicola stejnegeri'' — [[Caislín cloch Amúrach]] * ''Saxicola tectes'' — [[Caislín cloch Réunion]] * ''Saxicola torquatus'' — [[Caislín cloch]] == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Caislin dearg}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] 0g3kdxu4jyvk7s7pctcgumubdw1ia3a 0 45683 1323016 1148393 2026-08-06T17:32:25Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323016 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[Snagaire darach]] neamhthréitheach le gob gearr. Dúchasach don [[An Eoraip|Eoraip]], [[an Afraic]] is [[an Áise]]. Breac donn. Áitríonn sí [[coillearnach]] is [[sabhána]]. Itheann sí ar an talamh, go minic, seangáin den chuid is mó. Neadaíonn sí i bpoill snagairí darach eile.<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Cam-mhuin|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=112}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cam-mhuin}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] t3ncekpbtolqq26omcz8om2sd5xkjzl 0 45704 1323020 1165930 2026-08-06T17:37:05Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323020 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[Éan]] a áitríonn uiscí úra is cóstaí i Meiriceá, [[an Afraic]], [[an India]] is oirdheisceart [[An Áise|na hÁise]] is ea an '''chánóg sciorrach'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Rynchops/|title=“Rynchops” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Gaolmhar leis an [[Greabhóg|ngreabhóg]]. An gob íochtarach níos faide caoile ná an gob uachtarach. Gabhann sí éisc trí eitilt go híseal agus an ghob íochtarach ag gearradh [[dromchla]] an uisce. Tugtar ''an ghob siosúir'' ar an éan seo freisin.<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Cánóg sciorrach|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=113}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Canog sciorrach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 8fdyeup0b0kqy7vnqpaa9kc9ikszdo6 0 45795 1323025 1148489 2026-08-06T17:39:40Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323025 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[Éan]] mór gan eitilt, dúchasach do [[Deisceart|dheisceart]] na hAstraláise. Áitríonn sé foraoisí, agus itheann síolta is torthaí. Fiafhás cnámhach ar a cheann, a dtugtar ''clogad'' air, a úsáideann sé chun tochailt le bia a fháil. Ingne fada ar na cosa, agus féadfaidh speach uaidh a bheith marfach do dhuine.<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Casabhara|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=120}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Casabhara}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1760]] 07bkk5jxq6evgko4lrj8ewqwi6kk7e3 0 45895 1323099 1148531 2026-08-06T20:47:58Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323099 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[Éan]] téagartha a mhaireann ar an talamh, dúchasach don [[An Afraic|Afraic]], is ea an '''chearc ghuine''' (nó '''éanlaith ghuine'''; fine '''Numididae''').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Numididae/|title=“Numididae” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-30}}</ref> An clúmh breac liath. An ceann is an [[muineál]] beagnach nocht, go minic le [[craiceann]] fillte, daite nó garbh. Uaireanta bíonn cíor cleití nó caitheamh adharcach (clogad) ar bharr an chinn.<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Cearc ghuine|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=125}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cearc ghuine}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1842]] jmi2hiu2b0n8ke80zunjiejj5ujek32 0 45897 1323107 1148533 2026-08-06T20:53:37Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323107 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] [[mórchosach]] í an '''chearc mhailí''' (''Leipoa ocellata'') atá dúchasach don [[An Astráil|Astráil]]. Donn le spotaí bána ar na sciatháin. Áitríonn sí scrobarnach thirim, scrobarnach mhailí go háirithe. Itheann sí síolta, [[Bláth (planda)|bláthanna]], [[Feithid|feithidí]] is laghairteanna. Ní gá di ól.<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Cearc mhailí|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=125}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cearc mhaili}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1840]] 7iynmub3z0yuy5sybmsprhq0ow3l7xr 0 45943 1323129 1164661 2026-08-06T21:08:42Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323129 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Cuculus canorus canorus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.149.14.jpg|thumb| ''Cuculus canorus canorus'' + ''Acrocephalus scirpaceus'']] [[Ceolaire]] ón Seandomhan atá dúchasach don [[An Eoraip|Eoraip]], iardheisceart [[An Áise|na hÁise]] is [[an Afraic]] is ea an '''ceolaire giolcaí'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Acrocephalus%20scirpaceus/|title=“Acrocephalus scirpaceus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Áitríonn sé sraitheanna [[giolcach]] is páirceanna. Itheann sé [[Feithid|feithidí]], caora is éisc shliogánacha.<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Ceolaire giolcaí|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=130}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceolaire giolcai}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1804]] b2a6etupjkn6yd5ybc7e58k4lgarlj7 0 45944 1323133 1193166 2026-08-06T21:10:19Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323133 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Zingende fitis-4961615.webm|thumb|260px|Físeán den éin.]] [[Éan]] beag a thagann ón [[An Afraic Theas|Afraic Theas]] go hÉirinn don [[samhradh]] gairid is ea an '''ceolaire sailí''' (''Phylloscopus trochilus'').<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Phylloscopus%20trochilus/|title=“Phylloscopus trochilus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Cónaíonn sé gar don talamh i bhfálta nó driseoga. Déanann sé a nead ar an talamh. Itheann sé [[Feithid|feithidí]]. An-chosúil leis an [[tiuf-teaf]], ach go bhfuil ceol iontach le scála leathan nótaí aige.<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Ceolaire sailí|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=130}}</ref> [[File:Phylloscopus trochilus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.202.16.jpg|thumb|left|Uibheacha ''Phylloscopus trochilus'']] == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceolaire saili}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] occamyo2u8bkoju1kiwvhbpgana3txz 0 46202 1323197 1165565 2026-08-07T06:37:02Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323197 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Nymphicus hollandicus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.148.28.jpg|thumb| ''Nymphicus hollandicus'']] [[Pearóid]] Astrálach de chlann an chocatú is ea an '''chocaitíl'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Nymphicus%20hollandicus/|title=“Nymphicus hollandicus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Cíor fhada bharrchaol ar an gceann. Marcanna daite ar aghaidh an fhireannaigh. Áitríonn sí tír oscailte, agus itheann síolta nó torthaí.<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Cocaitíl|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=152}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cocaitil}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1792]] gdhw0qjxd696d9q92s981f1zonz3njc 0 46297 1323203 1166418 2026-08-07T06:45:57Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323203 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Columba livia MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.73.7.jpg|thumb| ''Columba livia'']] Colm atá dúchasach don [[An Eoraip|Eoraip]] is [[an Áise]] is ea an '''colm aille'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Columba%20livia/|title=“Columba livia” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Liath, agus cleití miotalacha ar a [[Muineál|mhuineál]]. Áitríonn sé aillte is páirceanna. Itheann sé síolta, féar is seilidí. Neadaíonn sé ar aillte nó foirgnimh. Sinsearach ar na coilm tí is chathrach go léir.<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Colm aille|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=161}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Colm aille}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1789]] 2q0ma5k3z8hxaf3m5d43jciitc1xbhd 0 46300 1323207 1267032 2026-08-07T06:49:40Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323207 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Cineál [[colm]] fadeireaballach a bhí sa '''cholm imirce''' agus é tar éis dul in éag.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Ectopistes%20migratorius/|title=“Ectopistes migratorius” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Bhíodh sé an-choitianta in [[oirthear]] [[Meiriceá Thuaidh|Mheiriceá Thuaidh]] agus na milliúin éan ag teacht le chéile in ealtaí móra millteanacha. Ba ghnách don cholm seo a chuid neadacha a thógáil thuas sna crainn, agus dá réir sin ba iad na coillte a rinne gnó na gnáthóige dó. Mar is léir ón ainm, dhéanadh an colm seo imirce: thagadh na héanacha ó Arkansas, Tennessee, agus Carolina Thuaidh go Florida, Cósta Mhurascaill Mheicsiceo, agus Texas, ach d'fheictí éanacha den chineál seo ag caitheamh an gheimhridh chomh fada ó thuaidh agus i gConnecticut. Bhíodh bundúchasaigh Mheiriceá ag seilg an choilm seo le fada an lá sular tháinig na hEorpaigh go Meiricea, ós bia maith a bhí ann, ach ba iad an dara dream a thosaigh ag marú na n-éan seo chomh tiubh is go ndeachaigh siad in éag. Bhí na sealgairí bundúchasacha ag seachaint na n-éan fásta, ó bhí siad buartha go dtráfadh foinse seo an scamhaird dá dtréigfí na neadacha. Ní raibh na coilínigh ón Eoraip chomh scrupallach sin. Chomh líonmhar is a bhí na coilm seo, áfach, is ar éigean a rithfeadh le haon duine i dtús na naoú haoise déag go bhféadfaidís dul in éag ar aon nós. Maraíodh an t-éan deireanach sa timpeallacht nádúrtha thart faoin mbliain [[1894]], agus fuair an ceann deireanach ar fad bás i zú [[Cincinnati, Ohio|Cincinnati]] i [[1914]].<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Colm imirce|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=161}}</ref> ===Féach freisin=== [[Falcóg mhór]] == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Colm imirce}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1766]] svcz1iz0e2o0p9mt0lmj9tahq2i7k3y 0 47318 1323249 1149601 2026-08-07T09:06:50Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323249 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[Éan]] a bhí gaolmhar leis na colúir, atá imithe in éag. Dúchasach do na foraoisí arda ar [[Oileán Mhuirís]] san [[Aigéan Indiach]]. Cosúil le turcaí le gob mór is sciatháin bhuntúsacha. Meastar gur imigh na speicis dheireanacha in éag idir 1665 is 1761.<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Dódó|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=218}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 5lrhhub9wmkveolwkt53k9wcxclg201 0 48071 1323288 1165443 2026-08-07T10:02:21Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323288 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[Íomhá:Falco-rusticolus.jpg|mion|An fabhcún tuaithe nó ''Falco rusticolus'']] Is é an '''fabhcún tuaithe'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Falco%20rusticolus/|title=“Falco rusticolus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Falco rusticolus'') an [[fabhcún]] is mó dá bhfuil ann, 50-60 cm ar fhad. Dúchasach don réigiún Artach, áitríonn sé sléibhte is tundra. An clúmh bán, liath nó dorcha. Seilgeann sé gar don talamh, agus itheann éin a mhaireann ar an talamh den chuid is mó.<ref name="FreamhanEolais">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Fabhcún tuaithe|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]|page=251}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Fréamh an Eolais}} {{síol}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Fabhcun tuaithe}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 9znrnp2t7t5h0ex1azlmiezlowxfuo1 0 56591 1323178 1301513 2026-08-06T22:28:51Z TGcoa 21229 /* Cúiseanna */ 1323178 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Galar}} Is éard is '''Neamhord Easnaimh Airde'''<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Neamhord%20Easnaimh%20Airde/|title=“Neamhord Easnaimh Airde” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2024-09-21}}</ref> ('''NEA''') nó '''Neamhord Hipirghníomhaíochta an Easnaimh Airde'''<ref name='Tearma2'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Neamhord%20Hipirghn%C3%ADomha%C3%ADochta%20an%20Easnaimh%20Airde/|title=“Neamhord Hipirghníomhaíochta an Easnaimh Airde” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2024-09-21}}</ref> ('''NHEA''')<ref>Béarla: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder nó ADHD</ref> ann ná neamhord ina mbíonn fadhbanna le haird, hipirghníomhaíocht agus iompar taghdach a thosaíonn idir 6 agus 12 bliana, a mhaireann 6 mhí ar a laghad. Ina measc siúd atá ar scoil is féidir leis an neamhord drochiompar nó droch-chaighdeán foghlamtha ar scoil. I bpáistí go háirithe, tarlaíonn raon neamhord, ina measc dianmhachnamh lag, hipirghníomhaíocht, agus deacrachtaí foghlama. [[Íomhá:6 Signs and Symptoms Of ADHD.webm|clé|mion|Físeán i mBéarla: siomptóim |220x220px]] [[Íomhá:5 Signs You Have ADHD, Not Laziness.webm|clé|mion|Físeán i mBéarla: comharthaí |220x220px]] == Cúiseanna == Is féidir go bhfuil cúiseanna go leor ann, an togracht ghéiniteach go háirithe. Léiríodh i staidéar amháin in 2019 go bhfuil a dhá oiread seans ann go mbeidh déagóirí hipirghníomhach má bhí imní ar a máithreacha le linn toirchis agus a luath-óige.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/09/08/children-anxious-mothers-twice-likely-hyperactive-teens/|teideal=Children of anxious mothers twice as likely to be hyperactive in teens|údar=Sarah Knapton|dáta=2019-09-09|language=en-GB|work=The Telegraph|dátarochtana=2024-04-14}}</ref> Cé go mbíonn roinnt airíonna de NHEA ar thart ar chúig faoin gcéad d’ógánaigh faoi am a mbíonn siad 16 bliana d’aois, méadaíonn an uimhir sin go dtí 11 faoin gcéad i measc daoine a raibh imní ar a máithreacha. Cé go mbíonn imní éigin nádúrtha le linn toirchis agus i mblianta luatha an mháithreachais, thomhais na taighdeoirí airíonna diana amhail a bheith ar crith, easuan, meadhrán agus cur allais. Sa staidéar, léirigh thart ar an gceathrú cuid de na mná a tástáladh imní ag meánleibhéal nó ag leibhéal ard. Dúirt na taighdeoirí nach féidir leo a bheith cinnte go bhfuil nasc cúisíoch ann, ach thuairimigh siad go bhféadfadh leibhéil arda hormón struis tionchar a imirt ar fhorbairt na hinchinne.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.acadamh.ie/media/acadamh/docs/Caibidil_5_T%C3%A1st%C3%A1il_R%C3%A9as%C3%BAna%C3%ADochta_Briathartha.pdf|teideal=Tástáil Réasúnaíochta Briathartha|údar=[[Acadamh na hOllscolaíochta Gaeilge]]|dáta=2020|dátarochtana=2024|work=[[acadamh.ie]]}}</ref> == Cóireáil == Uaireanta úsáidtear [[amfataimín]] chun páistí le neamhord easnamh airde a chóireáil, ach is gá an chóireáil a bheith gearrthéarmach chun neamhoird mheabhracha cosúil le paranóia nó síocóisí eile a sheachaint. == Gaeilge == Tá seirbhísí ar fáil do pháistí a bhfuil Gaeilge ina céad teanga acu agus a bhfuil tástálacha ADHD nó uathachais de dhíth orthu. Tá cur chuige “ildisciplíneach” de dhíth le freastal mar is cóir ar pháistí sa chóras oideachais ag a bhfuil riachtanais speisialta.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/an-paiste-nach-bhfuil-cead-aige-e-fein-a-chur-in-iul-ina-chead-teanga-ta-se-faoi-mhibhuntaiste-breise-seirbhisi-do-phaisti-le-gaeilge-pleite-o-thuaidh/|teideal=‘An páiste nach bhfuil cead aige é féin a chur in iúl ina chéad teanga, tá sé faoi mhíbhuntáiste breise’|údar=[[Méabh Ní Thuathaláin]]|dáta=11 Aibreán 2024|work=[[Tuairisc.ie]]|dátarochtana=2024-04-14}}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.citizensinformation.ie/ga/education/third-level-education/fees-and-supports-for-third-level-education/financial-supports-for-students/|teideal=Tacaíochtaí airgeadais do mhic léinn|údar=Citizensinformation.ie|language=ga|work=www.citizensinformation.ie|dátarochtana=2024-04-14}}</ref> Tá [[Fuirseoir|fuirseoirí]] amhail [[Louisa Ní Éideáin]] agus [[Síomha Hennessy]] tar éis plé a dhéanamh ar an an NEA/NEAH ina gcuid oibre.<ref name=":3">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.rte.ie/culture/2023/1219/1422875-dopa-mean-girl-louisa-ni-eideains-life-as-an-artist-with-adhd/|teideal=Dopa-Mean Girl: Louisa Ní Eideáin's life as an artist with ADHD|údar=[[Louisa Ní Éideáin]]|dáta=30 Aibreán 2024|language=as Béarla|work=[[RTÉ]]|dátarochtana=15 Deireadh Fómhair 2025}}</ref><ref name="echo">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.echo.ie/siomha-latest-single-ritalin-song-inspired-by-her-experience-living-with-adhd/|teideal=Síomha: 'Ritalin' – Song inspired by her experience living with ADHD|dáta=2025-02-14|work=[[Echo.ie]]|dátarochtana=2025}}</ref> In 2026, rinne Conall Mac Corraidh cur síos ar a aistear féin ó bhuachaill óg a ghlaoítí 'hipirghníomhach' air go healaíontóir. Ag an am, nuair a bhí sé óg, bhí tuiscint iomlán eile ag daoine ar ADHD. Cheap siad gur breoiteacht a bhí ann a bhain le buachaillí óga a bhí dána nó deacair a smachtú, agus gurbh é an tuairim go n-imeodh sé leo nuair a bhainfidís ocht mbliana déag d'aois amach. <ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Aistear ADHD: Scéal fhear amháin ag tabhairt aghaidhe air|url=https://www.rte.ie/gaeilge/2026/0722/1584592-aistear-adhd-sceal-fhear-amhain-ag-tabhairt-aghaidhe-air/|date=2026-07-22|language=ga|author=RmaG}}</ref> == Féach Freisin == * [[Aird]] * [[Hipirghníomhaíocht]] * [[Amfataimín]] == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} [[Catagóir:Neamhoird]] [[Catagóir:Neamhoird iompair]] [[Catagóir:Iompraíocht an duine]] p5h51v81m4y0vpggujlqmrpewtyk9hd 0 67208 1322901 1164916 2026-08-06T12:49:04Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322901 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Neophron percnopterus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.79.1.jpg|thumb| ''Neophron percnopterus'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''bultúr Éigipteach'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Neophron%20percnopterus/|title=“Neophron percnopterus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Neophron percnopterus''). == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 4tkoitmftlvhwsgspvdt1oaolx5m2o9 0 67209 1323150 1163344 2026-08-06T21:24:53Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323150 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is speiceas [[cíobhaí]] é '''Cíobhaí Mór Breac'''. Tá sé timpeall 45 cm ar airde agus tá meáchan timpeall 3.3 cg ann. (Tá meáchan timpeall 2.4 cg sna héin fhireanna.) Tá clúmh liathdhonn ar an speiceas seo agus stríoca i leith na báine ann. Beirtear aon ubh amháin agus gorann an dá thuismitheoir í. Meastar go bhfuil os cionn 20,000 éan den speiceas seo ann agus iad spréite faoi shléibhte iarthuaisceart Nelson, faoin gcuid thuaidh den Chósta Thiar agus faoi Alpa an Deiscirt == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Cíobhaí]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1872]] 5ssv222j5utedb0lhymtg9xv598kaiq 0 67211 1323148 1163345 2026-08-06T21:24:11Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323148 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is speiceas [[cíobhaí]] é '''Cíobhaí Beag Breac''' (''Apteryx owenii''). Díothaíodh ar an mór-roinn é ach tá timpeall 1,350 ceann den speiceas ar Oileán Kapiti agus tugadh isteach in oileáin shábháilte eile é. Dealraíonn sé go bhfuil sé ag pórú ann. Níl sé ach 25 cm ar airde agus tá meáchan 1.3 cg san éan baineann. Beirtear aon ubh amháin agus gorann an t-éan fireann í. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Cíobhaí]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1847]] j2mtln2zqwasvxpnry0ndvdwl1mv2fw 0 67214 1323149 1163348 2026-08-06T21:24:34Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323149 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is speiceas [[cíobhaí]] é '''Cíobhaí Donn an Oileáin Thuaidh'''. É coitianta i dTuaisceart an Oileáin Thuaidh. Timpeall 35,000 éan ann. Na héin bhaineanna timpeall 40 cm ar airde agus meáchan timpeall 2.8 cg iontu. Meáchan timpeall 2.2 cg sna héin fhireanna. Éan seiftiúil é a thaithíonn a lán gnáthóg, go fiú áiteanna ar fhág daoine a rian orthu. Clúmh biorach rua air. Dhá ubh de ghnáth agus iad á ngoradh ag an éan fireann. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} [[Catagóir:Cíobhaí]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1851]] fwln1f3empgy4488vdpmkq0x5pm5gyl 0 67366 1323110 1187588 2026-08-06T20:55:25Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323110 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Locustella naevia MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.195.24.jpg|thumb|left|Uibheacha ''Locustella naevia'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''ceolaire casarnaí'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Locustella%20naevia/|title=“Locustella naevia” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Locustellidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceolaire casarnai}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1783]] nonwlgxcc0a3yrdf9qj0zjr1pablqsj 0 67409 1323111 1187548 2026-08-06T20:58:48Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323111 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Locustella certhiola MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.195.23.jpg|thumb|left|Uibheacha ''Locustella certhiola'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''ceolaire casarnaí Pallas'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Locustella%20certhiola/|title=“Locustella certhiola” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Locustellidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceolaire casarnai Pallas}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1811]] tmxpgiikb9jpub8n0xu69egrl659c3h 0 67611 1323261 1164476 2026-08-07T09:16:07Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323261 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] í '''eala Bewick'''. Is baill d'fhine na Anserinae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Eala Bewick}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1830]] pkllma6dmlwtan0bb556z39zpk63wfw 0 67612 1323266 1174110 2026-08-07T09:20:09Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323266 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Cygnus melancoryphus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.11.1.jpg|thumb| ''Cygnus melancoryphus'']] Is [[éan]] í an '''eala phíbdhubh''' (''Cygnus melancoryphus''). Is ball d'fhine na n-Anatidae í. Tá sí dúchasach do dheisceart [[Meiriceá Theas|Mheiriceá Theas]] mar a ngnáthaíonn sí timpeallachtaí fionnuisce. Is í an t-éan uisce is mó sa chuid sin den domhan í. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Eala phibdhubh}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1782]] f4np0k4agljqyclai3rvmbtfsorvqvg 0 67616 1323218 1166204 2026-08-07T07:38:08Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323218 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''coscaróba'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Coscoroba%20coscoroba/|title=“Coscoroba coscoroba” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Anatidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Coscaroba}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1782]] jy1omk5sns6spykimfjupkdde08ersq 0 67656 1323262 1166068 2026-08-07T09:16:34Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323262 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Cygnus olor MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.11.2.jpg|thumb| ''Cygnus olor'']] Is [[éan]] í an '''eala bhalbh'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Cygnus%20olor/|title=“Cygnus olor” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Anatidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Eala bhalbh}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1789]] 7nwolact1xeqtsf3dxww6r6rvshkifz 0 67903 1323152 1166257 2026-08-06T21:25:49Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323152 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] í an '''chíorlacha Phatagónach'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Lophonetta%20specularioides/|title=“Lophonetta specularioides” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Anatidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciorlacha Phatagonach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1828]] czvjrtyf0l5q36owvflbr7fs58x5sba 0 68179 1322894 1165921 2026-08-06T12:41:26Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322894 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''búbúc Norfolk'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Ninox%20novaeseelandiae/|title=“Ninox novaeseelandiae” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Strigidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bubuc Norfolk}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1788]] kuzohnbajpx7oys6mm98oecjyu4feq6 0 70227 1322991 1320168 2026-08-06T15:13:01Z ~2026-43370-09 76187 Ag athdhíriú go [[300 (uimhir)]] 1322991 wikitext text/x-wiki #athsheoladh [[300 (uimhir)]] jnajigkho6hhr42jp0kae97je0pdu2c 0 70229 1322992 1090809 2026-08-06T15:14:35Z ~2026-43370-09 76187 Ag athdhíriú go [[300 (uimhir)]] 1322992 wikitext text/x-wiki #athsheoladh [[300 (uimhir)]] jnajigkho6hhr42jp0kae97je0pdu2c 0 70234 1322993 1090814 2026-08-06T15:16:06Z ~2026-43370-09 76187 Ag athdhíriú go [[400 (uimhir)]] 1322993 wikitext text/x-wiki #athsheoladh [[400 (uimhir)]] 64ec6dxzmbrp31d2hkf7cxm0u1thc2u 0 70238 1323004 1320184 2026-08-06T17:23:54Z ~2026-43370-09 76187 Ag athdhíriú go [[500 (uimhir)]] 1323004 wikitext text/x-wiki #athsheoladh [[500 (uimhir)]] a0icm3itkdxzhfkafirhe2labcujyqd 0 70239 1323008 1090818 2026-08-06T17:26:36Z ~2026-43370-09 76187 Ag athdhíriú go [[500 (uimhir)]] 1323008 wikitext text/x-wiki #redirect [[500 (uimhir)]] nsix9ylm3bizr7zabqeddzxeq0j3rvl 0 70247 1323033 1320169 2026-08-06T18:09:45Z ~2026-43370-09 76187 Ag athdhíriú go [[700 (uimhir)]] 1323033 wikitext text/x-wiki #athsheoladh [[700 (uimhir)]] in8vxvrrdeamec5i4z4pxn0cu6utm5g 0 70250 1323032 1090829 2026-08-06T18:07:49Z ~2026-43370-09 76187 Ag athdhíriú go [[700 (uimhir)]] 1323032 wikitext text/x-wiki #athsheoladh [[700 (uimhir)]] in8vxvrrdeamec5i4z4pxn0cu6utm5g 0 70965 1322989 1318987 2026-08-06T15:08:21Z ~2026-43370-09 76187 Ag athdhíriú go [[280 (uimhir)]] 1322989 wikitext text/x-wiki #athsheoladh [[280 (uimhir)]] [[Catagóir:Slánuimhreacha]] g6darnoc07f02pv0zw6msvh54dxrnhc 0 71072 1322990 1321442 2026-08-06T15:11:42Z ~2026-43370-09 76187 Ag athdhíriú go [[300 (uimhir)]] 1322990 wikitext text/x-wiki #athsheoladh [[300 (uimhir)]] jnajigkho6hhr42jp0kae97je0pdu2c 0 78944 1323018 1139034 2026-08-06T17:35:48Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323018 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] í an '''chánóg dhubh''' (''Puffinus puffinus'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Puffinus%20puffinus/|title=“Puffinus puffinus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-29}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cánóg dhubh}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1764]] gxtt9hdcfqgwsa6tr6buvap86fdn3yr 0 78964 1323214 1163505 2026-08-07T07:04:26Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Bhí script éicínt i bhfeidhm ar an lch nár fheidhmigh i gceart, arbh í a chuspóir ainm an éin seo a thaispeáint sna teangacha ceilteacha eile. I bhfírinne, ní dóigh liom gur ghá rud mar sin a bheith ar lch mar seo ag déanamh cur síos ar speiceas. 1323214 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] í '''an chorr ríoga''' (''Platalea regia''). Is baill d'fhine na Threskiornithidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Corr ríoga}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1838]] m4mkcym8l0hihsipql1bo5r9uxfoq79 0 78970 1323161 1166234 2026-08-06T21:29:34Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323161 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''clamhán riabhach'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Pernis%20apivorus/|title=“Pernis apivorus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (nó '''clamhán riabhach Eorpach'''). Is baill d'fhine na Accipitridae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Clamhan riabhach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] tnbh73qjeyp7zrvrnn9cwkrq2bvcyq0 0 79040 1323244 1166381 2026-08-07T08:02:58Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323244 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Milvus milvus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.80.15.jpg|thumb| ''Milvus milvus'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''cúr rua'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Milvus%20milvus/|title=“Milvus milvus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Accipitridae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cúr rua}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] q553va4u1y0y9s1ihjsyklw0u4fqh6h 0 79041 1323227 1165749 2026-08-07T07:44:23Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323227 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Circus cyaneus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.83.1.jpg|thumb| ''Circus cyaneus'']] Is [[éan]] é '''cromán na gcearc'''. Tugtar '''préachán na gcearc''' air freisin.<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Circus%20cyaneus/|title=“Circus cyaneus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-10}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cromán na gcearc}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1766]] jribw59uzaiufzwi5p7njxh9av1xlf1 0 79065 1323221 1140468 2026-08-07T07:40:35Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323221 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Circus pygargus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.97.2.jpg|thumb| ''Circus pygargus'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''cromán liath'''.<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Circus%20pygargus/|title=“Circus pygargus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-10}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cromán liath}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] aup4ih4ar9khod1kyhj8gzjuo65rab7 0 79067 1323292 1198623 2026-08-07T10:03:37Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323292 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Falco subbuteo MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.105.6.jpg|thumb| ''Falco subbuteo'']] Is [[éan]] beag caol é an '''fabhcún coille''' nó an '''fabhcún coille Eoráiseach''' (''Falco subbuteo'')<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Falco%20subbuteo/|title=“Falco subbuteo” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref>. Baineann sé le grúpa sách dlúth d'fhabhcúin comhchosúla a mheastar go minic mar fhoghéineas ''Hypotriorchis.'' ==Tacsanomaíocht agus córasaíocht== Ba é an nádúraí Sualannach Carl von Linné a rinne an chéad chur síos foirmiúil ar chaitheamh aimsire na bhfabhcún seo sa bhliain 1758, sa deichiú heagrán dá ''Systema Naturae'', faoin [[Ainmníocht dhéthéarmach|ainm déthéarmach]] reatha ''Falco subbuteo.'' Tagann an t-ainm géinis ''falco'' ón ''Latinitas serior'' (Gaeilge:Laidin shinsearach) ''falx'', ''falcis'', "corrán", ag tagairt do phróifíl sciathán an éin.<ref name=SOED>{{cite book|title=Shorter Oxford English dictionary | year=2007 |publisher=Oxford University Press| location=Oxford| isbn=978-0199206872| pages=3804}}</ref> Tagann ainm an speicis '' subbuteo '' ón [[Laidin]] ''sub'', "thíos, níos lú ná, faoi" agus ''buteo'', "clamhán". Aithnítear dhá fhospeiceas:<ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela Rasmussen | date=July 2023 | teideal=Seriemas, falcons | work=IOC World Bird List Version 13.2 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/falcons/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=3 September 2023 }}</ref> *''F. s. subbuteo'': fospeiceas atá ina chónaí san Afraic, san Eoraip agus san Áise Láir agus san Áise Thoir, geimhrí san Afraic Láir agus ag geimhriú san Afraic Theas agus san Áise Theas *''F. s. streichi'': fospeiceas a rinne Ernst Hartert agus Oscar Neumann cur síos faoi sa bhliain 1907. Tá sé níos lú i méid agus is speiceas cónaitheach é ó Mhaenmar go dtí an tSín theas agus an Ind-Sín. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Fabhcún coille Eoráiseach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] jrud960010j93zuuyhrzr9wowsmctmn 0 79104 1323223 1165917 2026-08-07T07:41:29Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323223 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''cosdeargán breac'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Tringa%20erythropus/|title=“Tringa erythropus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Scolopacidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cosdeargán breac}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1764]] cbmad9exh6en1ja7jgf7wo5vl3uhosu 0 79170 1323256 1165247 2026-08-07T09:11:08Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Larus fuscus graellsii MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.122.15.jpg|thumb|''Larus fuscus graellsii'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''droimneach beag'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Larus%20fuscus/|title=“Larus fuscus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Laridae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Droimneach beag}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 3lnz1pqgy8cpaws31huc5e1mt7poq9t 0 79288 1323204 1165685 2026-08-07T06:46:21Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323204 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''colm gorm'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Columba%20oenas/|title=“Columba oenas” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Columbidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Colm gorm}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 4wnlkh9u84bll4cgp0cwct3xkb9zbjs 0 79290 1323189 1139863 2026-08-07T06:29:33Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323189 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''cnagaire glas''' (''Picus viridis'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Picus%20viridis/|title=“Picus viridis” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-03}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cnagaire glas}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] ddrdpz736ci9mcuk8r72xag9g8kfr8u 0 79350 1323190 1165859 2026-08-07T06:30:40Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323190 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''mórchnagaire breac'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Dendrocopos%20major/|title=“Dendrocopos major” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Picidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cnagaire glas}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758|Mórchnagaire breac]] jnb9kiywhdidvgmkdqegsay8ydeyrgi 0 79402 1323120 1166200 2026-08-06T21:04:04Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323120 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Bosrietzanger-4961637.ogv|thumb |Acrocephalus palustris]] [[File:Cuculus canorus canorus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.149.42.jpg|thumb| ''Cuculus canorus canorus'' + ''Acrocephalus palustris'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''ceolaire corraigh'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Acrocephalus%20palustris/|title=“Acrocephalus palustris” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Acrocephalus palustris''). Is baill d'fhine na Acrocephalidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceolaire corraigh}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1798]] 2r8jm4w1jv2jzkiikpn97d6yw7yt8zq 0 79403 1323118 1187339 2026-08-06T21:03:04Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323118 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Phylloscopus sibilatrix MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.195.1.jpg|mion|clé|Uibheacha ''Phylloscopus sibilatrix'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''ceolaire coille'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Phylloscopus%20sibilatrix/|title=“Phylloscopus sibilatrix” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Phylloscopus sibilatrix''). Is baill d'fhine na Phylloscopidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceolaire coille}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1793]] fjveqo2miwv95gpyp6jumq337e4ibp0 0 79404 1323126 1189497 2026-08-06T21:06:10Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323126 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Curruca undata toni MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.198.3.jpg|mion|clé|Uibheacha ''Curruca undata toni'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''ceolaire fraoigh'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Sylvia%20undata/|title=“Sylvia undata” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Sylviidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceolaire fraoigh}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1783]] qc65yeyg4816nzigc2t8gb2aef0y1q7 0 79406 1323127 1165707 2026-08-06T21:06:29Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323127 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Cuculus canorus canorus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.150.37.jpg|thumb|''Cuculus canorus canorus'' + ''Sylvia borin borin'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''ceolaire garraí'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Sylvia%20borin/|title=“Sylvia borin” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Sylviidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceolaire garraí}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1783]] 3rpvwnji298b686rmes98tyq0lo1wwc 0 79407 1323238 1199947 2026-08-07T07:59:28Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323238 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Ficedula hypoleuca hypoleuca MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.206.3.jpg|thumb|Uibheacha ''Ficedula hypoleuca hypoleuca'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''cuilire alabhreac'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Ficedula%20hypoleuca/|title=“Ficedula hypoleuca” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Ficedula hypoleuca''). Is ball d'fhine na Muscicapidae é. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cuilire alabhreac}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1764]] p9kdv7boeruxcdwnayk4fdmv3webefd 0 79408 1323242 1164643 2026-08-07T08:02:16Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323242 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Cuculus canorus canorus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.150.43.jpg|thumb|''Cuculus canorus canorus'' + ''Muscicapa striata'']] Is [[éan]] beag [[pasaireach]] é '''an cuilire liath'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Muscicapa%20striata/|title=“Muscicapa striata” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Muscicapa striata'') agus is baill d'fhine mhór na '''Muscicapidae''' é. Póraíonn na cuilirí sa chuid is mó den [[An Eoraip|Eoraip]] agus sa [[An Pailéartach|Phailéartach]] go dtí [[an tSibéir]], agus tá sé imirceach is éin gheimhrithe iad, ag fanacht san [[An Afraic|Afraic]] agus in iardheisceart na hÁise. Tá sé ag laghdú i gcodanna dá raon. Is éan neamhshuntasach é seo a bhfuil sciatháin fhada agus eireaball air. Bíonn an dath liath-donn ar chodanna uachtaracha an éin agus fo-chomhpháirteanna bána ag na cinn fásta, le coróin agus brollach stríoca.<ref>{{cite web|teideal=Spotted Flycatcher|website=Wildlife in Norfolk|publisher=Norfolk Wildlife Trust|url=https://www.norfolkwildlifetrust.org.uk/wildlife-in-norfolk/species-explorer/birds/spotted-flycatcher|accessdate=3 May 2019}}</ref> Tá na cosa gairide agus dubha, agus tá an gob dubh agus tá an cruth leathan ach pointeáilte, rud atá tipiciúil d'fheithiditeoirí aeir. Tá ógánaigh níos doinne ná na cinn fásta agus tá spotaí ar na codanna uachtaracha. ==Tagairtí== {{Reflist}} [[Catagóir:Muscicapa|Cuilire liath]] [[Catagóir: Éin na hEorpa]] [[Catagóir: Éin Iarthar na hÁise]] [[Catagóir: Éin na hAfraice]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1764]] 57n3yuqsxonxm0xs4dwn9ndbvscxnsg 0 79409 1322999 1138765 2026-08-06T16:41:18Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Tá an cinneadh déanta agam, agus mé ag glanadh na gcatagóir a bhaineann le héin, go bhfuil an iomarca speiceas éin ann le go mbeadh gach ceann luaite fá chatagóir cosúil le "éin" 1322999 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''caislín cloch''' (''Saxicola torquatus'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Saxicola%20torquatus/|title=“Saxicola torquatus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-27}}</ref> Tugtar '''an caislín dearg''', '''Donncha an chaipín''', agus '''Máirín an triúis''' ar an éan seo freisin. == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Caislín cloch}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1766]] mr7dv2sqfvy0xi466hunhezj4ia3em7 0 79410 1323268 1187172 2026-08-07T09:21:50Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323268 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Phoenicurus ochruros MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.194.20.jpg|mion|clé|Uibheacha ''Phoenicurus ochruros'']] Is [[éan]] é an t-'''earrdheargán dubh'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Phoenicurus%20ochruros/|title=“Phoenicurus ochruros” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Muscicapidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Earrdheargán dubh}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1774]] ile9p0p99j8dqdu30c0kx3voitd4951 0 79415 1323158 1165232 2026-08-06T21:28:12Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323158 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Cuculus canorus canorus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.150.14.jpg|thumb| ''Cuculus canorus canorus'' + ''Emberiza cirlus'']] Is [[éan]] í an '''chirlghealóg'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Emberiza%20cirlus/|title=“Emberiza cirlus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Emberiza cirlus''). Is baill d'fhine na Emberizidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cirlghealóg}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1766]] g3uogsxwfgatxbbb1excm4g5wshzn4v 0 89100 1322911 1314447 2026-08-06T13:28:25Z Conradder 34685 +cat 1322911 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}} Is polaiteoir de chuid [[Thuaisceart Éireann]] é '''Ian Óg Richard Kyle Paisley''', nó '''Ian Paisley Jr.''' a rugadh ar an [[12 Nollaig]], [[1966]]. Is ball den [[Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach|DUP]] é. I mí Bealtaine 2010, toghadh é den chéad uair mar theachta parlaiminte do [[Aontroim Thuaidh (Toghcheantar na Ríochta Aontaithe)|Aontroim Thuaidh]]. [[Íomhá:Official portrait of Ian Paisley crop 1.jpg|clé|mion|2017]] Sa bhliain 2024, bhí Paisley i measc na bpolaiteoirí sin a bhí ar chóisir lá breithe [[Nigel Farage]] agus gníomhach sa pháirtí [[Reform UK]] ag an am céanna; bhí Paisley i measc na bhfeisirí sin a bhí dubh dóite i gcoinne an mhargaidh ([[Creat Windsor]]) ar ghlac an DUP leis, ar mholadh [[Jeffrey Donaldson]], chun dul ar ais sa [[Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann|Tionól]] in 2024.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/dup-ag-cruachan-in-aghaidh-na-hanachaine/|teideal=DUP ag cruachan in aghaidh na hanachaine|údar=Póilín Ní Chiaráin|dáta=7 Aibreán 2024|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2024-04-07}}</ref> San [[Olltoghchán na R-A 2024 i dTuaisceart Éireann|Olltoghchán 2024]].<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/deireadh-le-reimeas-paisley-agus-sinn-fein-ar-an-bpairti-is-mo-as-eirinn-in-westminster/|teideal=Deireadh le réimeas Paisley agus Sinn Féin ar an bpáirtí is mó as Éirinn in Westminster|dáta=2024-07-05|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2024-07-05}}</ref>, fuair ceannaire an [[Glór Traidisiúnta na nAontachtaithe|TUV]] [[Jim Allister]] an ceann is fearr ar [[Ian Óg Paisley|Ian Paisley]] in [[Aontroim Thuaidh (Toghcheantar na Ríochta Aontaithe)|Aontroim Thuaidh]], agus tháinig deireadh le rítheaghlach Paisley tar éis ceithre bliana is leathchéad.<ref name=":2">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/fisean-drochla-do-ritheaghlach-paisley-borradh-faoi-shinn-fein-agus-ceist-an-athaontaithe-torthai-thoghchan-westminster/|teideal=FÍSEÁN: Drochlá do rítheaghlach Paisley, borradh faoi Shinn Féin agus ceist an athaontaithe – torthaí thoghchán Westminster|údar=Póilín Ní Chiaráin|dáta=2024-07-05|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2024-07-05}}</ref> Bhí farasbarr de 450 vóta de Jim Allister ar Paisley. Ní raibh aon choinne leis seo ar chor ar bith. Dúirt Allister é féin go raibh talamhchreathach. == Féach freisin == * [[Aontroim Thuaidh (Toghcheantar na Ríochta Aontaithe)|Aontroim Thuaidh]] == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{Síol-beath-ni}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Paisley, Ian Óg}} [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1966]] [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Alumni Ollscoil na Banríona, Béal Feirste]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Chéad Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (1998-2003)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Dara Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2003-2007)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Tríú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2007-2011)]] [[Catagóir:Daoine Albanacha Ultacha]] [[Catagóir:Daoine as Béal Feirste]] [[Catagóir:Feisirí de Pharlaimint na Ríochta Aontaithe]] [[Catagóir:Fir]] [[Catagóir:Polaiteoirí Aontachtacha]] [[Catagóir:Aontroim Thuaidh (toghcheantar na Ríochta Aontaithe)]] [[Catagóir:Preispitéirigh Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Baill den Fhóram Thuaisceart Éireann]] [[Catagóir:Airí sóisearacha (Tuaisceart Éireann)]] kzxfjf47lwd09403q2t474l7r3plb74 0 89112 1322912 1318341 2026-08-06T13:28:50Z Conradder 34685 +cat 1322912 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}} Is iar-pholaiteoir <ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://twitter.com/J_Donaldson_MP/status/315475691112112128|teideal=Jeffrey Donaldson on Twitter : "I am not 'ruled' by the British. I am British. I was born British. My British citizenship is my birthright."|údar=Jeffrey Donaldson|dáta=2013|work=Twitter / web.archive.org|dátarochtana=2024-04-24|archivedate=2019-12-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218112339/https://twitter.com/J_Donaldson_MP/status/315475691112112128}}</ref> de chuid [[Tuaisceart Éireann|Thuaisceart Éireann]] agus [[péidifileach]] é '''The Right Honourable''' '''Sir Jeffrey Mark Donaldson''' (7 Nollaig 1962 a rugadh é). Bhí sé ina cheannaire ar an b[[Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach]] ([[Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach|DUP]]) ó 2021 go 2024, agus ina cheannaire ar an DUP i d[[Teach na dTeachtaí, An Ríocht Aontaithe|Teach na dTeachtaí sa Ríocht Aontaithe]] ó 2019 go 2024. Bhí sé ina [[Feisire Parlaiminte (An Ríocht Aontaithe)|Fheisire Parlaiminte]] ([[Feisire Parlaiminte (An Ríocht Aontaithe)|FP]]) do [[Gleann an Lagáin (Toghcheantar na Ríochta Aontaithe)|Ghleann an Lagáin]] ó 1997 go 2024. [[Íomhá:Official portrait of Sir Jeffrey M. Donaldson.jpg|clé|mion|308x308px|2017]] == Saol == As [[Cill Chaoil]] i g[[contae an Dúin]] é Donaldson. Ba chol ceathrar leis, Samuel Donaldson, an chéad phóilín a maraíodh i bpléasc de chuid an IRA le linn na d[[Na Trioblóidí|Trioblóidí]].<ref name=":0">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/jeffrey-donaldson-dearbhaithe-ina-cheannaire-ar-an-dup/|teideal=Jeffrey Donaldson dearbhaithe ina cheannaire ar an DUP|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2021-06-24}}</ref> Labhair sé féin cheana faoin tubaiste sin agus dúirt gurbh é an marú sin a spreag é le dul leis an bpolaitíocht. Sé bliana déag a bhí sé nuair a lean nós a mhuintire agus ghlac ballraíocht san Ord Oráisteach agus ina dhiaidh sin chuaigh sé isteach i [[Reisimint Chosanta Uladh]] (UDR), mar a rinne a athair roimhe. Bhí sé san UDR idir 1981-1985.<ref name=":2">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.culturaldiplomacy.org/academy/index.php?jeffrey-donaldson|teideal=The Hon. Jeffrey Donaldson|language=en|work=www.culturaldiplomacy.org|dátarochtana=2024-04-24}}</ref> Bhí Donaldson ina ghníomhaire toghlaigh ag an bhfeisire Enoch Powell ó 1983 go 1985. === UUP === Chuaigh Donaldson isteach le [[Páirtí Aontachtach Uladh]] (UUP) agus é ina fhear óg. Bhí Donaldson ina ghníomhaire toghlaigh ag an bhfeisire [[Enoch Powell]] ó 1983 go 1985, [[Polaitíocht|polaiteoir]] [[Sasanaigh|Sasanach]] agus sean-[[Coimeádachas|chaomhach]] frith-inimirce a bhí i bhfad amach ar an eite dheis, .<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/jeffrey-donaldson-dearbhaithe-ina-cheannaire-ar-an-dup/|teideal=Jeffrey Donaldson dearbhaithe ina cheannaire ar an DUP|dáta=2021-06-22|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2024-03-31}}</ref> Ní raibh sé ach 22 bliain d’aois nuair a toghadh é i bhfothoghchán chun an [[Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann|Tionóil]] in Stormont i 1985, an duine ab óige riamh a fuair suíochán ansin.<ref name=":0" /> Dúirt Donaldson go bhfuil seisean beo inniu, a bhuíochas do ghníomhaire (Donald Donaldson b'fhéidir) a thug foláireamh dó faoi ionsaí a bhí beartaithe air.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/an-bhfuil-aon-bhunus-le-maiomh-na-spiairi-gurbh-iadsan-a-thug-ar-an-ira-eiri-as-an-bhforeigean/|teideal=An bhfuil aon bhunús le maíomh na ‘spiairí’ gurbh iadsan a thug ar an IRA éirí as an bhforéigean?|údar=Póilín Ní Chiaráin|dáta=25 Meán Fómhair 2016|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2022-07-20}}</ref> I mí Bealtaine 1997, bhí sé tofa don chéad uair mar theachta parlaiminte (Westminster) do [[Gleann an Lagáin (Toghcheantar na Ríochta Aontaithe)|Gleann an Lagáin]]. Bhí aighneas idir é féin agus ceannaire a pháirtí, [[David Trimble]] faoi [[Comhaontú Aoine an Chéasta|Chomhaontú Aoine an Chéasta]] i 1998 agus shiúil sé amach ó chainteanna na síochána mar nár aontaigh sé gur cheart príosúnaigh phoblachtacha agus aontachtacha a shaoradh sula raibh a dtéarma príosúin déanta acu. === DUP === In 2003, d’fhág Donaldson, Arlene Foster agus Norah Beare an UUP agus ghlac sé ballraíocht sa [[Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach|DUP]] in Eanáir 2004. Rinne [[Eilís II na Ríochta Aontaithe|Banríon Eilís Shasana]] [[ridire]] de Donaldson in 2016 mar aitheantas ar a chuid oibre i saol na polaitíochta. Bhí sé ina phríomhaoire agus ina urlabhraí ar an gcosaint agus ar chúrsaí gnó ag an DUP in Westminster.<ref name=":0" /> [[Íomhá:Prime Minister's Questions, 7 February 2024 09.jpg|clé|mion|Feabhra 2024]] I mí an Mheithimh 2021, bhí Donaldson ceaptha ina cheannaire ar an [[Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach|DUP]]. Ceapadh é gan toghchán mar nach raibh aon iarrthóir eile ann. Tháinig Donaldson i gcomharbacht ar [[Edwin Poots]] a d'éirigh as mar cheannaire an DUP.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Jeffrey Donaldson ceaptha ina cheannaire ar an DUP|url=https://www.rte.ie/news/nuacht/2021/0622/1230690-jeffrey-donaldson-ceaptha-ina-cheannaire-ar-an-dup/|date=2021-06-22|language=ga|author=Nuacht RTÉ}}</ref> Bhí rún ag an am ag Donaldson éirí as a shuíochán in Westminster le bheith ina cheannaire ar an DUP in Stormont.<ref name=":0" /> == Polasaithe agus tuairimí == === Gaeilge === In 2019 dúirt Donaldson nach bhfuil rud ar bith i gcoinne na Gaeilge ag an DUP. Dúirt sé gur choinnigh [[Preispitéireachas|Preispitéirigh]] an teanga beo nuair a bhí sí i mbaol báis. Ach mhaígh Donaldson sa bhliain 2019 go mbeadh veto ag an DUP maidir leis na seirbhísí trí Ghaeilge a chuirfí ar fáil don phobal faoi aon reachtaíocht teanga a thabharfaí isteach mar chuid de mhargadh Stormont.<ref name=":0" /> === Breatimeacht === Dúirt Donaldson i mí an Mheithimh 2021 gurb é an [[Prótacal Éireann / Thuaisceart Éireann|prótacal faoi Mhuir Éireann]] an bhagairt is mó ag an am do Thuaisceart Éireann.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Donaldson ag cur a ainm chun cinn do cheannaireacht an DUP|url=https://www.rte.ie/news/nuacht/2021/0621/1229553-donaldson-ag-cur-a-ainm-chun-cinn-do-cheannaireacht-an-dup/|date=2021-06-21|language=ga|author=Nuacht RTÉ}}</ref> == Pearsanta == Phós Eleanor Cousins agus Jeffrey Donaldson ar an 26 Meitheamh 1987. Tá beirt iníonacha acu, Claire (a rugadh timpeall 1990) agus Laura (a rugadh timpeall 1992).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2000/may/25/northernireland.johnmullin|teideal=Trimble's rival prepares for day of destiny|údar=John Mullin, Ireland correspondent|dáta=2000-05-25|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|dátarochtana=2024-04-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/life/features/band-of-brothers-who-are-the-best-of-friends/34957723.html|teideal=Band of brothers who are the best of friends|dáta=2016-08-13|language=en-GB|work=BelfastTelegraph.co.uk|dátarochtana=2024-04-24}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> Bhí baint ag Claire Donaldson leis na feachtais [[Ginmhilleadh|ghinmhillte]] sna [[2010idí]].<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.dailydrone.co.uk/frame-donaldson.html|teideal=FRAME DONALDSON|work=www.dailydrone.co.uk|dátarochtana=2024-04-24}}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424215432/http://web.archive.org/screenshot/https://swoop1.com/buzz/jeffrey-donaldson-daughters-find-out-every-detail-right-here/|teideal=Jeffrey Donaldson Daughters, Find Out Every Detail Right Here|údar=Swoop|dáta=2024-04-15|language=en-US|work=Swoop1 Buzz|dátarochtana=2024-04-24}}</ref> Is [[Preispitéireachas|Preispitéireach]] é Donaldson''.'' ==Cionta gnéasacha== '''2024''' D'éirigh Donaldson as an cheannaireacht ar an 29 Márta 2024 nuair a chúisíodh é i gcionta gnéis. Níor éirigh sé as, mar sin féin, a shuíochán i dTeach na dTeachtaí. Bhí a bhean, Eleanor Donaldson, 57 bliain d'aois ag an am, cúisithe chomh maith agus ní raibh cead acu labhairt lena chéile ar chor ar bith idir 28 Márta - 23 Aibreán 2024. Ghabh bleachtairí de chuid Sheirbhísí Póilíneachta Thuaisceart Éireann an bheirt ar an 28 Márta.<ref name="BBC quits">{{Luaigh foilseachán|last1=McClafferty |first1=Enda |last2=O'Neill |first2=Julian |date=29 March 2024 |title=DUP leader Sir Jeffrey Donaldson resigns after rape charge |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-68686691 |access-date=29 March 2024 |website=BBC News}}</ref><ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|last1=Barnes |first1=Ciaran |last2=Toner |first2=John |date=31 March 2024 |title=Jeffrey Donaldson's wife to face court on charge linked to his sex crimes case |url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sunday-life/news/jeffrey-donaldsons-wife-to-face-court-on-charge-linked-to-his-sex-crimes-case/a1327826539.html |url-access=subscription |newspaper=Belfast Telegraph}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Ceannaire an DUP Jeffrey Donaldson cúisithe i gcionta gnéis|url=https://www.rte.ie/news/nuacht/2024/0329/1440679-ceannaire-an-dup-jeffrey-donaldson-cuisithe-i-gcionta-gneis/|date=2024-03-29|language=ga-IE|author=Nuacht RTÉ}}</ref> Shéan Donaldson na "líomhaintí stairiúla" ina aghaidh go láidir. Chuir Donaldson na cuntais go léir atá aige ar na meáin shóisialta ar ceal.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/jeffrey-donaldson-eirithe-as-an-dup-agus-e-cuisithe-as-liomhainti-gneis/|teideal=Jeffrey Donaldson éirithe as an DUP agus é cúisithe as líomhaintí gnéis|dáta=2024-03-29|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2024-03-29}}</ref> Chuaigh sé go dtí a árasán i Londain ar an lá céanna (ní raibh cead aige a bheith ina chónaí lena bhean níos mó).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/courts/jeffrey-donaldson-resigns-as-dup-leader-and-suspended-by-orange-order-after-historical-sex-offence-charges/a645718063.html|teideal=Jeffrey Donaldson resigns as DUP leader and suspended by Orange Order after historical sex offence charges|dáta=2024-03-29|language=en-GB|work=BelfastTelegraph.co.uk|dátarochtana=2024-03-29}}</ref> Bhí ballraíocht Donaldson sa DUP curtha ar fionraí láithreach bonn. Ceapadh leascheannaire an pháirtí, [[Gavin Robinson]], mar cheannaire eatramhach. Chuir an [[An tOrd Oráisteach|tOrd Oráisteac]]<ref name="resigns BT">{{Luaigh foilseachán|last1=Rutherford |first1=Adrian |last2=Hewitt |first2=Ralph |last3=Leebody |first3=Christopher |date=29 March 2024 |title=Jeffrey Donaldson resigns as DUP leader and suspended by Orange Order after historical sex offence charges |url=https://m.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/courts/jeffrey-donaldson-resigns-as-dup-leader-and-suspended-by-orange-order-after-historical-sex-offence-charges/a645718063.html |access-date=29 March 2024 |work=Belfast Telegraph}}</ref> a bhallraíochtaí ar fionraí i mí an Mhárta 2024 go dtí go mbeadh toradh ar an bpróis bhreithiúnach, de réir a rialacha.<ref name="BBC quits" /><ref name=":1" /> Tháinig Donaldson os comhair cúirte san Iúr i gCo an Dúin ar an 23 Aibreán 2024. Aon chúis déag san iomlán a bhí curtha ina leith. Éigniú agus gníomh ró-mhígheanasach le leanbh is ea péire acu, agus bhain na naoi gcinn eile le hionsaí mígheanasach ar bhaineannach. Bhí beirt íospartach ann agus go ndearnadh na cionta ag tráthanna éagsúla idir Eanáir 1985 agus Nollaig 2006.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Jeffrey Donaldson os comhair cúirte faoi chionta gnéasacha|url=https://www.rte.ie/news/nuacht/2024/0424/1445343-jeffrey-donaldson-os-comhair-cuirte-faoi-chionta-gneasacha/|date=2024-04-24|language=ga-IE|author=Nuacht RTÉ}}</ref> Bhí na mná a chuir na líomhaintí i leith Donaldson ina leanaí bunscoile nuair a d’ionsaigh an polaiteoir aitheanta iad. Bhí na líomhaintí déanta do phóilíní i mí Eanáir 2024.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|date=7 April 2024 |title=The 11 sex crime charges levelled against Jeffrey Donaldson revealed for first time |url=https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/the-11-sex-crime-charges-levelled-against-jeffrey-donaldson-revealed-for-first-time/a1382511653.html |url-access=subscription |website=[[Independent.ie]]}}</ref> Bhí Eleanor Donaldson os comhair na cúirte chomh maith agus ceithre chúis curtha ina leith. Bhain dhá cheann de na cúiseanna sin le cuidiú agus neartú le duine in éigniú agus ionsaí mí-ghnéasach, eachtraí a líomhnaítear a tharla idir an 1 Eanáir 1985 agus an 31 Nollaig 1991 (ach phós na Donaldson in 1987).<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/jeffrey-donaldson-cuisithe-sa-chuirt-as-11-liomhain-gneis/|teideal=Jeffrey Donaldson cúisithe sa chúirt as 11 líomhain ghnéis|údar=Bill Breathnach|dáta=24 Aibreán 2024|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2024-04-24}}</ref> Ar an 3 Iúil 2024, chinn an Breitheamh Eamonn King sa chúirt dúiche san Iúr go raibh dóthain fianaise curtha ar fáil le Donaldson agus a bhean a chur ar triail.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/starmer-agus-pairti-an-lucht-oibre-ar-thairseach-na-cumhachta/|teideal=Starmer agus Páirtí an Lucht Oibre ar thairseach na cumhachta|dáta=2024-07-04|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2024-07-04}}</ref> Ós rud é gur chomhchosantóirí iad Donaldson agus a bhean chéile, tugadh cead ar bhannaí dóibh ar dtús iad chuig seoltaí ar leith; d'fhill sise ar a dteach i nDroim Mór, fad is a thaistil sé go Londain le cónaí in árasán i Greenwich.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|date=31 March 2024 |title=Jeffrey Donaldson's wife Eleanor charged with aiding and abetting |url=https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/jeffrey-donaldsons-wife-eleanor-charged-with-aiding-and-abetting/a618758664.html |newspaper=Irish Independent}}</ref> D’eisigh an SPTÉ ráiteas, mar fhreagra ar ar an "ráflaí neamhchabhracha" ag roinnt den phobal agus de na meáin, maidir le cé acu an raibh tionchar ag a staid dhlíthiúil ar a chinneadh an Feidhmeannas a athbhunú i mí Eanáir 2024,<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|date=31 March 2024 |title=Jeffrey Donaldson: Police received complaint leading to ex-DUP leader being charged with sexual offences in early March |url=https://news.sky.com/story/jeffrey-donaldson-police-received-complaint-leading-to-ex-dup-leader-being-charged-with-sexual-offences-in-early-march-13105528 |newspaper=Sky News}}</ref> ag soiléiriú go bhfuair an SPTÉ an gearán den chéad uair as ar eascair a ghabháil go luath i mí an Mhárta 2024. [[Íomhá:The Newry Court House - geograph.org.uk - 3441110.jpg|clé|mion|220x220px|An Chúirt Dúiche san Iúr ]] '''2026''' Bhí 18 gcúis os comhair Donaldson: cúis amháin éignithe, ceithre cinn de dhroch-ghnéasacht, agus 13 de ionsaí gnéasach; socraíodh dáta trialach don 26 Bealtaine 2026.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|last=Macauley |first=Conor |date=2 February 2026 |title=Trial date set in case of former DUP leader Jeffrey Donaldson |url=https://www.rte.ie/news/courts/2026/0202/1556360-donaldson-court/ |newspaper=RTE News}}</ref><ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|date=3 July 2024 |title=Jeffrey Donaldson to return to court in autumn to answer historical sex offence charges |url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/politics/jeffrey-donaldson-to-return-to-court-in-autumn-to-answer-historical-sex-offence-charges/a1414662357.html |newspaper=Belfast Telegraph}}</ref><ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|date=3 July 2024 |title=Jeffrey Donaldson sent for trial on sex offence charges |url=https://www.rte.ie/news/ireland/2024/0703/1457886-jeffrey-donaldson-court/ |newspaper=RTE News}}</ref> Gearradh cúiseamh ar a bhean chéile ar dtús, as cabhrú agus neartú le Donaldson, ach an 20 Bealtaine 2026, rialaíodh nach raibh sí oiriúnach chun chun trialach a sheasamh mar gheall ar fhadhbanna meabhairshláinte,<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|last=Kearney |first=Vincent |date=20 May 2026 |title=Eleanor Donaldson unfit to face criminal trial, judge rules |url=https://www.rte.ie/news/ulster/2026/0520/1574342-eleanor-donaldson/ |newspaper=RTE News}}</ref> agus cinneadh go ndéanfaí triail na bhfíorais, ina gcinnfeadh an giúiré na fíricí gan breithiúnas maidir le ciontacht, a reáchtáil ag an am céanna le triail a fir chéile. Ar an 22 Meitheamh 2026, ciontaíodh Donaldson sna 18 gcúiseamh go léir. Bhí na cionta i gcoinne beirt íospartach a bhí ina leanaí tráth an mhí-úsáide. Sa triail ghaolmhar ar na fíricí, fuair an giúiré gur chabhraigh agus gur spreag a bhean chéile é chun cion a dhéanamh. Ní dúirt Donaldson aon ní agus níor léir aon tocht a bheith air nuair a léadh an breithiúnas os comhair na cúirte. <ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Jeffrey Donaldson ciontaithe i gcoireanna gnéis|url=https://www.rte.ie/news/nuacht/2026/0622/1579716-jeffrey-donaldson-ciontaithe-i-mi-usaid-gneis/|date=2026-06-22|language=ga}}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/jeffrey-donaldson-ciontaithe-as-eigniu-agus-17-gcion-gneis-eile/|teideal=Jeffrey Donaldson ciontaithe as éigniú agus 17 gcion gnéis eile|dáta=2026-06-22|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2026-06-22}}</ref> == Féach freisin   == * [[Gavin Robinson]] == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Donaldson, Jeffrey}} [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1962]] [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Dara Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2003-2007)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Tríú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2007-2011)]] [[Catagóir:Airí sóisearacha (Tuaisceart Éireann)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Seachtú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann]] [[Catagóir:Daoine as Contae an Dúin]] [[Catagóir:Feisirí de Pharlaimint na Ríochta Aontaithe]] [[Catagóir:Fir]] [[Catagóir:Polaiteoirí Aontachtacha]] [[Catagóir:Ridirí]] [[Catagóir:Saighdiúirí Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Daoine cúisithe as coireanna gnéis]] [[Catagóir:Preispitéirigh Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Baill den Fhóram Thuaisceart Éireann]] [[Catagóir:Péidifiligh]] ejcpqom3x99yx9r5luch4b8yjc4406r 0 89113 1322914 1314147 2026-08-06T13:29:18Z Conradder 34685 +cat 1322914 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}} Is abhcóide agus polaiteoir de chuid an [[Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach|DUP]] í '''Emma Little-Pengelly''' (a rugadh Emma Little&nbsp;ar an [[31 Nollaig]] [[1979]]).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-politics-67764370|teideal=Who is Emma-Little Pengelly, NI's new deputy first minister?|dáta=2024-02-03|language=en-GB|dátarochtana=2024-02-03}}</ref> Sa mbliain 2024, toghadh Little-Pengelly mar LeasChéad-Aire ar [[Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann|Thionól Stormont]].<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/la-stairiuil-ar-chnoc-an-anfa-agus-michelle-oneill-tofa-ina-cead-aire/|teideal=Lá stairiúil ar Chnoc an Anfa agus Michelle O’Neill tofa ina Céad-Aire|dáta=2024-02-03|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2024-02-03}}</ref> == Saol == Sceimhlitheoir agus ball den "Ulster Resistance" ba ea a hathair, Noel Little. Bhí sé ag smuigléireacht airm sna sna 1980idí agus cuireadh i bpríosún sa Fhrainc é.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/terrorist-father-of-dups-newest-mla-emma-pengelly-works-as-steward-at-st-annes-cathedral/31592183.html|teideal=Terrorist father of DUP's newest MLA Emma Pengelly works as steward at St Anne's Cathedral|dáta=2015-10-08|language=en-GB|work=BelfastTelegraph.co.uk|dátarochtana=2024-02-03}}</ref> Rinne Little-Pengelly staidéar ar an dlí ar [[Ollscoil na Banríona, Béal Feirste|Ollscoil na Banríona]] agus glacadh léi mar abhcóide in 2003. Chaith sí na blianta mar chomhairleoir polaitiúil speisialta an Chéad-Aire, [[Ian Paisley]] agus [[Peter Robinson]] agus [[Arlene Foster]]. === 2010idí === Chomhthogh an [[Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach|DUP]] í in 2015 nuair a d’éirigh Jimmy Spratt as de bharr drochshláinte.I gcruthúnas ar ardmheas an cheannaire uirthi, ní raibh ach mí caite aici mar Theachta nuair a hainmníodh í mar Aire Sóisir in Oifig an Chéad agus an Leas-Chéad Aire i Stormont.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/teachtai-neamhthofa-an-tionoil-agus-ceist-na-cothromaiochta/|teideal=Teachtaí neamhthofa an Tionóil agus ceist na cothromaíochta|údar=Póilín Ní Chiaráin|dáta=8 Nollaig 2015|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2024-02-03}}</ref> Tharraing 'cás Pengelly' aird agus conspóid ag an am mar gur cuireadh chun tosaigh í ar bhaill den DUP a chuaigh os comhair vótóirí cheana, gan trácht ar a hardú céime ar luas lasrach. (D’fhág comhairleoir cathrach, Ruth Patterson, an DUP mar agóid agus bhagair go seasfadh sí in éadan Pengelly i dtoghchán an Tionóil). Choinnigh sí an suíochán i dtoghchán an Tionóil in 2016 agus bhí sí ina cathaoirleach an choiste airgeadais. Chaill sí an suíochán in 2017. Cúpla mí ina dhiaidh sin, in olltoghchán tobann [[Theresa May|Theresa May,]] toghadh Little Pengelly ina feisire [[Teach na dTeachtaí, An Ríocht Aontaithe|Parlaiminte Westminister]]. Ghnóthaigh sí [[Béal Feirste Theas (Toghcheantar na Ríochta Aontaithe)|Béal Feirste Theas]] ón [[SDLP]], bua ollmhór don DUP. Thóg sí an suíochán ó [[Alasdair McDonnell]] a bhí ina fheisire don cheantar ó fuair sé an ceann is fearr ar an UUP in 2005. Bhí farasbarr 2,000 vóta ag Pengelly (13,299) ar McDonnell (11,303).<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://members.parliament.uk/constituency/3316/election/377|teideal=Election 2017|údar=parliament.uk/|dáta=2017|dátarochtana=2024}}</ref> Chinntigh bua Pengelly go raibh feisire [[Breatimeacht|Breatimeachta]] i dtoghcheantar inar vótáil 70% de na vótóirí in aghaidh imeacht as an Aontas Eorpach (agus bhí lucht frithBhreatimeachta ag cur i leith an DUP go ndearna siad faillí iomlán ar thoil an phobail ag an am).<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/gearchoimhlint-idir-lucht-frithbhreatimeachta-agus-an-dup/|teideal=Géarchoimhlint idir lucht frithBhreatimeachta agus an DUP|údar=Póilín Ní Chiaráin|dáta=24 Samhain 2019|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2024-02-03}}</ref> Ar 6 Márta 2019 i d[[Teach na dTeachtaí, An Ríocht Aontaithe|Teach na dTeachtaí]], mhaígh Lyttle Pengelly gur sceimhlitheoireacht ba chúis le 90% de na maruithe agus na gortuithe ar fad a tharla le linn na d[[Na Trioblóidí|Trioblóidí]]. “Coir a bhí i ngach aon cheann acu sin,” arsa Lyttle Pengelly.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/ni-coir-a-bhi-in-aon-mharu-a-rinne-saighdiuiri-na-breataine-le-linn-na-dtriobloidi-ach-comhlionadh-dualgas-le-dinit-karen-bradley/|teideal=Ní ‘coir’ a bhí in aon mharú a rinne saighdiúirí na Breataine le linn na dTrioblóidí ach ‘comhlíonadh dualgas le dínit’ – Karen Bradley|dáta=2019-03-06|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2024-02-03}}</ref> Chaill Little-Pengelly an suíochán [[Béal Feirste Theas (Toghcheantar na Ríochta Aontaithe)|Bhéal Feirste Theas]] san olltoghchán in 2019 agus d’fhill ar oifig an chéad-aire in Stormont mar chomhairleoir ag Arlene Foster. === 2020idí === In 2021, d’éirigh Little-Pengelly as a post sa DUP nuair a toghadh [[Edwin Poots]] mar cheannaire ar an DUP agus dúirt go raibh sí ag filleadh ar a gairm mar abhcóide. Le linn 2021-2022, bhí sí ar na meáin go minic mar thráchtaire ar ghnóthaí polaitiúla agus fiú le linn an chomhairimh tar éis thoghchán an Tionóil in 2022. Ní bhfuair éinne leide go bhfillfeadh sí ar Stormont mar ionadaí taobh istigh de sheachtain. [[Íomhá:Official portrait of Emma Little Pengelly.jpg|clé|mion|Emma Little Pengelly in 2017]] I d[[Toghchán Chomhthionól Thuaisceart Éireann 2022|toghchán an Tionóil]] ar an 5 Bealtaine 2022, bhí [[Jeffrey Donaldson]], ceannaire an DUP, ar cheann an chomhairimh i n[[Gleann an Lagáin (Toghcheantar na Ríochta Aontaithe)|Gleann an Lagáin]]. Ansin d’fhógair Donaldson go bhfanfadh sé ina fheisire [[Teach na dTeachtaí, An Ríocht Aontaithe|Parlaiminte Westminister]] mar chuid dá fheachtas in éadan an [[An Prótacal maidir le hÉirinn agus Tuaisceart Éireann|phrótacail iarBhreatimeachta]] agus d’ainmnigh sé Little Pengelly mar theachta Tionóil ina ionad. Bhí an beart dleathach ach baineadh siar as daoine gur tharla sé chomh luath sin tar éis lá na vótála; an chéad uair a ndearnadh é mar gur roghnaigh an té a toghadh gan freastal ar Stormont. Comhthoghtar ionadaithe chun fothoghcháin a sheachaint. Ba é seo an dara huair a comhthoghadh Emma Little Pengelly mar theachta.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/caithfear-a-chinntiu-gur-ar-mhaithe-leis-an-bpobal-seachas-na-pairtithe-an-comhthoghadh/|teideal=Caithfear a chinntiú gur ar mhaithe leis an bpobal seachas na páirtithe an comhthoghadh|údar=Póilín Ní Chiaráin|dáta=18 Bealtaine 2022|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2024-02-03}}</ref> Ar 3 Feabhra 2024, d'ainmnigh Little-Pengelly. mar LeasChéad-Aire sa bh[[Feidhmeannas Thuaisceart Éireann|Feidhmeannas]].<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=An Taoiseach dóchasach go seasfaidh Comhthionól Stormont|url=https://www.rte.ie/news/nuacht/2024/0203/1430333-long-agus-swan-mar-a-bhi-sna-haireachtai/|date=2024-02-03|language=ga}}</ref> === Pearsanta === Tá Little-Pengelly pósta le Richard Pengelly, CB, Rúnaí Buan sa Roinn Dlí.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/cuireann-cuigear-lamh-ina-mbas-fein-gach-seachtain-sa-tuaisceart/|teideal=Cuireann cúigear lámh ina mbás féin gach seachtain sa Tuaisceart…|dáta=2019-09-15|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2024-02-03}}</ref> == Féach freisin == * [[Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach]] == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Little-Pengelly, Emma}} [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1979]] [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Abhcóidí Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Alumni Ollscoil na Banríona, Béal Feirste]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Seachtú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Chúigiú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2016-2017)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Cheathrú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2011-2016)]] [[Catagóir:Feisirí de Pharlaimint na Ríochta Aontaithe]] [[Catagóir:Mná Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Polaiteoirí Aontachtacha]] [[Catagóir:Alumni Ollscoil Harvard]] [[Catagóir:Polaiteoirí as Contae Ard Mhacha]] [[Catagóir:Airí sóisearacha (Tuaisceart Éireann)]] 4i2xjpnff876ot3bm47xnk4z81m8gc4 0 89121 1322919 1314173 2026-08-06T13:32:25Z Conradder 34685 +cat 1322919 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine|imatge=Brexit the time has come for the UK to clarify its position (31824571507) (cropped).jpg}} B'fheisire de chuid [[Sinn Féin]] í '''Martina Anderson''' (a rugadh ar an [[16 Aibreán]], [[1962]]) i b[[Parlaimint na hEorpa]] (2009-2014). [[Íomhá:Sinn Féin European Election Poster at Mullaghbawn - geograph.org.uk - 6161659.jpg|clé|mion|Sinn Féin, [[Martina Anderson]], 2019-05-14]] == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{Síol}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Anderson, Martina}} [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1962]] [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Baill Shinn Féin]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Tríú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2007-2011)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Cheathrú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2011-2016)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Séú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2017-2022)]] [[Catagóir:Daoine as Contae Dhoire]] [[Catagóir:Mná Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Teachtaí i bParlaimint na hEorpa d'Éirinn (2009–2014)]] [[Catagóir:An Feabhal (toghcheantar na Ríochta Aontaithe)]] [[Catagóir:Airí sóisearacha (Tuaisceart Éireann)]] cmvus1t6njjhyht8t6juoqfhypykyfm 0 89228 1322923 1314011 2026-08-06T13:33:42Z Conradder 34685 cat 1322923 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}} Is iar-polaiteoir de chuid [[Sinn Féin]] i d[[Tuaisceart Éireann]] í '''Megan Fearon''', a rugadh ar [[29 Iúil]], [[1991]]. Ba Chomhalta den [[Tionól_Thuaisceart_Éireann|Tionól Reachtach]] í d'[[Iúr Cinn Trá agus Ard Mhacha (Toghcheantar Tionóil)|Iúr Cinn Trá agus Ard Mhacha]], ó 2012 go 2020<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://aims.niassembly.gov.uk/mlas/details.aspx?&aff=13274&per=2326&sel=1&ind=5&prv=1|teideal=The Northern Ireland Assembly|language=en-GB|work=www.niassembly.gov.uk|dátarochtana=2026-02-25}}</ref> D'fhreastail sí ar an [[Feidhmeannas Thuaisceart Éireann|Fheidhmeannas]] fosta mar Aire Sóisearach d'[[Oifig an Fheidhmeannais]], ó 2016 go 2017. Bhí sé 20 bliain d'aois nuair a ghlac sí an phost sa Tionól mar sin ba í an Comhalta is óige ar fad í agus tá an churiarracht aici fós. == Cúlra == Tógadh i n[[Dromainn Tí]] í. Rinne sé staidéar ar [[Scoil Ghramadaí Chroí Naofa]], [[an tIúr]] agus ar [[Ollscoil na Banríona, Béal Feirste]]. Fuair sí céim sa Pholaitíocht, Fealsúnacht agus Eacnamaíocht Comhthoghadh ar an Tionól í sa bhliain 2012, nuair a bhí ar [[Conor Murphy]] éirí as an suíochán (Bhí dhá post ag Murphy mar sin d'fan sé ina [[Teachta Parlaiminte|Theachta Parlaiminte]]). Bhí sí ar na coistí iniúchta d'[[An Roinn Airgeadais (Tuaisceart Éireann)|Airgeadais]], do [[An Roinn Geilleagair|Gheilleagair]] agus d'[[Oifig an Fheidhmeannais|Oifig an Chéad-Aire agus an LeasChéad-Aire]]. Atoghadh ar an Tionól é sna blianta [[Toghchán Chomhthionól Thuaisceart Éireann 2016|2016]] agus [[Toghchán Chomhthionól Thuaisceart Éireann 201|2017]]. I mí na Bealtaine 2016, fógraíodh é go rachadh Fearon sa Fheidhmeannas. I mí na Nollag 2019, d'fhógair Fearon go n-éireoidh sí as ionadaí tofa ach fanfaidh sí ina gníomhaí.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-50819844|teideal=Sinn Féin's Máirtín Ó Muilleoir and Megan Fearon to quit NI Assembly|dáta=2019-12-17|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|dátarochtana=2022-05-26}}</ref>. == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Fearon, Megan}} [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1991]] [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Alumni Ollscoil na Banríona, Béal Feirste]] [[Catagóir:Baill Shinn Féin]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Cheathrú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2011-2016)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Chúigiú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2016-2017)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Séú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2017-2022)]] [[Catagóir:Mná Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Polaiteoirí as Contae Ard Mhacha]] [[Catagóir:Airí sóisearacha (Tuaisceart Éireann)]] ba1rp6u53dipnbr5ft7873fzwk6y1hb 0 89776 1323193 1192472 2026-08-07T06:34:27Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323193 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is éan beag [[pasaireach]] é '''an cnóshnag Eorpach''' nó '''an cnóshnag Eoráiseach''' (''Sitta europaea''),<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Sitta%20europaea/|title=“Sitta europaea” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-29}}</ref> a fhaightear ar fud na hÁise measartha agus san Eoraip. Cosúil le [[Cnóshnag|cnóshnaganna eile]], is éan earrghearr é le gob fada, uachtair liathghormach agus súile dubhstríocacha. Is éan glórach é le glao ard ''dwip'' arís agus arís eile aige. Tá níos mó ná 20 fospeiceas i dtrí phríomhghrúpa ann; íochtair fhlannbhuí ar éin in iarthar an raoin agus scornach bhán, bíonn íochtair scothbhána orthu siúd sa Rúis, agus an chuma chéanna ar éin na hEorpa agus na héin sa Chianoirthear, ach níl an scornach bán ag na héin ón Chianoirthear. == Tacsanomaíocht == === Fospeiceas === == Cur síos == [[Íomhá:Sitta_europaea_wildlife_2_1.jpg|mion| ''Sitta europaea caesia fireann'' sa Pholainn]] [[Íomhá:Sitta_europaea_europaea,_Önneröd,_Sweden_2.jpg|mion| ''Sitta europaea europaea baineann'' sa tSualainn]] [[Íomhá:Sitta_europaea1.jpg|mion| Idirmheánach idir ''S. &nbsp; e. &nbsp; europaea'' agus ''S. &nbsp; e. &nbsp; caesia'' in oirthear na Gearmáine]] == Dáileadh agus gnáthóg == [[Íomhá:Sitta_europaea_EM1B1719_(40967528214).jpg|mion|262x262px| ''S. e europaea'' sa tSualainn]] [[Íomhá:Epping_Forest_3.JPG|mion| Gnáthóg thaitneamhach é coillearnach sheanda dhuillsilteach. ]] == Iompar == === Pórú === [[Íomhá:Sitta_europaea_-England_-nest_box-8-4c.jpg|deas|mion| Bíonn níos mó drogaill ar chnóshnaganna bosca neadaireachta a áitiú ná ar éin eile a bhíonn ag neadú i bpoll crainn. <ref name="Atlas">{{harvp|Enokssson|1993|p=376}}</ref> ]] [[Íomhá:Kleiberei.jpg|mion| Ubh]] === Beathú === == Creachadóirí agus seadáin == == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cnoshnag Eorpach}} [[Catagóir:Cnóshnaganna]] [[Catagóir:Ailt ina bhfuil gearrthóga físe]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] [[Catagóir:Éin na hEoráise]] jsx5gmr7fz0sdwg414bbpayh094h2as 0 90410 1322913 1314452 2026-08-06T13:29:07Z Conradder 34685 +cat 1322913 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}} Is polaiteoir i [[Tuaisceart Éireann|dTuaisceart Éireann]] í '''Michelle McIlveen'''. Rugadh í ar an [[21 Eanáir]], [[1971]]. Is Comhalta den [[Tionól_Thuaisceart_Éireann|Tionól Reachtach]] í do Loch Cuan, ó 2007 ar aghaidh. == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{Síol-ni}} {{DEFAULTSORT:McIlveen, Michelle}} [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1971]] [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Tríú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2007-2011)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Cheathrú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2011-2016)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Chúigiú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2016-2017)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Séú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2017-2022)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Seachtú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann]] [[Catagóir:Daoine as Béal Feirste]] [[Catagóir:Mná Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Polaiteoirí Aontachtacha]] [[Catagóir:Airí sóisearacha (Tuaisceart Éireann)]] ocf5hntb62nxtyk6y8p3ayac6zkygod 0 90415 1322918 1314429 2026-08-06T13:32:12Z Conradder 34685 +cat 1322918 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}} Is polaiteoir [[Poblachtánachas in Éirinn|poblachtach Éireannach]] de chuid [[Sinn Féin|Shinn Féin]] é '''Gerard "Gerry" Kelly''' ({{Lang-ga|Gearárd Ó Ceallaigh}}); a saolaíodh an [[5 Aibreán]] [[1953]], agus iaróglach de chuid [[An tIRA Sealadach|na Sealadaigh]] ([[An tIRA Sealadach|PIRA]]). Bhí ról ceannródaíoch aige i rith an phróisis idirbheartaíochta a raibh [[Comhaontú Aoine an Chéasta]] mar thoradh orthu, ar an 10 Aibreán 1998.<ref>[http://opapp.gov.ph/index.php?Itemid=115&id=281&option=com_content&task=view British, Irish accord experts hold lecture on N. Ireland experience] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823182024/http://opapp.gov.ph/index.php?Itemid=115&id=281&option=com_content&task=view |date=23 August 2011 }}</ref> Faoi láthair, is ball d'Ard-Chomhairle Shinn Féin é agus is Comhalta den [[Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann|Tionól Reachtach]] (CTR) é do [[Béal Feirste Thuaidh (Toghcheantar Tionóil)|Bhéal Feirste Thuaidh]], ó 1998 ar aghaidh.<ref>[http://www.niassembly.gov.uk/members/biogs_03/kelly_g.htm Gerry Kelly - Biography from NI Assembly] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060811090632/http://www.niassembly.gov.uk/members/biogs_03/kelly_g.htm|date=11 August 2006}}</ref><ref>[https://www.irishtimes.com/history/2025/12/27/gerry-kelly-named-as-dominant-figure-of-1996-ira-leadership-in-garda-security-document/Gerry Kelly named as ‘dominant figure’ of 1996 IRA leadership in Garda security document]{{Dead link|date=Aibreán 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Luathshaol== Rugadh Gerard Francis Kelly ar 5 Aibreán 1953 ar Shráid Raglan i gceantar Íochtarach na bhFál, i mBéal Feirste. Íochtarach i mBéal Feirste. Tá sé ar dhuine d'aon leanbh déag, seachtar buachaillí agus ceathrar cailíní.<ref>{{Cite web |teideal=INTERVIEW : Gerry Kelly, H-Block escapee and Sinn Féin Assembly member for North Belfast {{!}} An Phoblacht |url=https://www.anphoblacht.com/contents/17911 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=www.anphoblacht.com}}</ref> Chuaigh sé go dtí St Finian's Primary School ar Bhóthar na bhFál. Ní raibh a mhuintir thar a bheith polaitiúil; mar sin féin bhí a sheanathair ina thacaitheoir de chuid Pháirtí an Lucht Oibre. Chuaigh Kelly ar aghaidh ina dhiaidh sin go dtí St Peter's Secondary School, áit ar bhain sé a chuid O-Leibhéil amach, sular fuair sé a chéad phost, in aois a 17, sa Státseirbhís mar oifigeach cléireachais i Roinn Leictreachais [[Comhairle Cathrach Bhéal Feirste|Chorparáid Bhéal Feirste]]. Sa bhliain 1971, chuaigh Kelly isteach in eagraíocht óige mhíleata na bPoblachtánach, Fianna Éireann. Gabhadh é níos déanaí i Lúnasa 1971 agus cuireadh i b[[Príosún Mhuinseo]] é ar feadh roinnt míonna. I mí Eanáir 1972, d'éalaigh sé, agus chuaigh sé isteach in Óglaigh Shealadacha na hÉireann i gceantar na Carraige Gile/Bhaile Uí Mhurchú ar a fhilleadh go Béal Feirste.<ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Toole |first=Jason |teideal=The Fugitive |url=https://www.hotpress.com/culture/the-fugitive-4497783 |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=Hotpress}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{Síol-ni}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kelly, Gerry}} [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1953]] [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Baill Shinn Féin]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Chéad Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (1998-2003)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Dara Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2003-2007)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Tríú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2007-2011)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Cheathrú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2011-2016)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Chúigiú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2016-2017)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Séú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2017-2022)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Seachtú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann]] [[Catagóir:Daoine as Béal Feirste]] [[Catagóir:Fir]] [[Catagóir:Baill den IRA Sealadach]] [[Catagóir:Baill den Fhóram Thuaisceart Éireann]] [[Catagóir:Airí sóisearacha (Tuaisceart Éireann)]] 6xcsvxvlm9770ns3lgggyob8v1445dp 0 92564 1322891 1224255 2026-08-06T12:38:30Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322891 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} ''Baineann an t-alt seo leis an speiceas Phalacrocorax carbo. Má tá spéis agat in éin eile a dtugtar “broigheall” orthu, féach [[Phalacrocoracidae]].'' Is [[éan]] é an '''broigheall''' (''Phalacrocorax carbo''). Tugtar '''an chailleach dhubh''', '''an fiach mara''', agus '''an mhurúchaill''' air freisin.<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Phalacrocorax%20carbo/|title=“Phalacrocorax carbo” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-30}}</ref> Itheann sé iasc den chuid is mó. Tá cónaí air sna locha agus sna haibhneacha. Gabhálann sé iasc nuair a thumann sé isteach san uisce agus é ar thóir éisc. == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Broigheall}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 8d7aukomo1ewcah6d1mjzmag5rdp748 0 92572 1323211 1164869 2026-08-07T07:01:22Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323211 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] í an '''corr chorcra'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Ardea%20purpurea/|title=“Ardea purpurea” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Ardeidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Corr chorcra}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1766]] bq9ko4nmbm3978hfrhillj8wfovux1q 0 92574 1323216 1166524 2026-08-07T07:35:51Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323216 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] í an '''chorr scréachach'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Ardeola%20ralloides/|title=“Ardeola ralloides” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Ardeidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Corr screachach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1769]] 68tx9iw37y0fb3hiqf3qa3lv6ab07d0 0 92577 1322885 1165962 2026-08-06T12:35:59Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322885 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''bonnán'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Botaurus%20stellaris/|title=“Botaurus stellaris” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref>, '''bonnán buí''', nó '''bonnán léana'''. Is baill d'fhine na Ardeidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bonnan bui}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 5bzsb4j01gcs4mo0xqihrplruv7qx3z 0 92580 1323212 1166236 2026-08-07T07:01:52Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323212 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] í an '''chorr leitheadach Eoráiseach'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Platalea%20leucorodia/|title=“Platalea leucorodia” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Threskiornithidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Corr leitheadach Eoraiseach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] byw7nwzv7osjadfus0a6rx37271gi83 0 92619 1323243 1166270 2026-08-07T08:02:45Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323243 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''cúr dubh'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Milvus%20migrans/|title=“Milvus migrans” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Accipitridae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cur dubh}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1783]] 2jnexajzbqjquo7fbq42hicmi8j8xag 0 92625 1322903 1165528 2026-08-06T12:50:29Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322903 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''bultúr luaithriúíl'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Aegypius%20monachus/|title=“Aegypius monachus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Accipitridae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bultur luaithriúil}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1766]] kk5q0k15s6i7eowwispoo35m4ogp7w9 0 92663 1323220 1166089 2026-08-07T07:39:49Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323220 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é '''an cromán móna iartharach'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Circus%20aeruginosus/|title=“Circus aeruginosus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Accipitridae é. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Croman mona iartharach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 4f9v0y19igp1576hv2xz2uah1jvjw2w 0 92664 1323222 1166237 2026-08-07T07:40:53Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323222 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''cromán bánlíoch'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Circus%20macrourus/|title=“Circus macrourus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Accipitridae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Croman banlioch}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1770]] ejv2aziayta6qfdyv598eib4l16zajy 0 92695 1323163 1165941 2026-08-06T21:30:50Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323163 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''clamhán cosfhada'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Buteo%20rufinus/|title=“Buteo rufinus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Accipitridae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Clamhan cosfhada}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1829]] lf6erdyck6izqwcu8lqroh9oksd7k2x 0 92696 1323160 1140495 2026-08-06T21:29:15Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323160 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''clamhán lópach'''.<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Buteo%20lagopus/|title=“Buteo lagopus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-10}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Clamhan lopach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1763]] 9txe3qz9kom93rdtraietmpkr76gwia 0 92766 1323291 1166470 2026-08-07T10:03:21Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323291 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é '''fabhcún cosdearg'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Falco%20vespertinus/|title=“Falco vespertinus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Accipitridae é. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Fabhcun cosdearg}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1766]] 2tiq6b1muxdm0u81ponzlvl15n30ga1 0 92769 1323290 1138840 2026-08-07T10:02:55Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323290 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é '''fabhcún Lanner''' (''Falco biarmicus'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Falco%20biarmicus/|title=“Falco biarmicus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-27}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Fabhcun Lanner}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1825]] e4jfz2l521i61mnaemoclob3l0rg3xf 0 92783 1323289 1165626 2026-08-07T10:02:40Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323289 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é '''fabhcún Saker'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Falco%20cherrug/|title=“Falco cherrug” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Falco cherrug''). Is baill d'fhine na Accipitridae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Fabhcun Saker}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1834]] oyljp5som9j6lbzkil6z1f2iskk0grj 0 92784 1323201 1164322 2026-08-07T06:44:15Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323201 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é '''coileach sneachta Cugasach'''. Is baill d'fhine na Accipitridae é. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Coileach sneachta Cugasach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1811]] 1qwomqkr5e8rbrxgndtd1ku91zki7jc 0 92785 1323200 1166149 2026-08-07T06:43:51Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323200 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''coileach sneachta Caispeach'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Tetraogallus%20caspius/|title=“Tetraogallus caspius” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Accipitridae é. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Coileach sneachta Caispeach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1784]] pafjjmulqj5gtih978bnbd1fgvklnay 0 92793 1323098 1164325 2026-08-06T20:47:19Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323098 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é '''cearc fhraoigh Chugasaigh'''. Is baill d'fhine na Accipitridae é. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cearc fhraoigh Chugasaigh}} [[Catagóir:Galliformes]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1875]] jrp3hstxgh4rwcxsycz6r22ao41vmrs 0 92794 1322908 1164850 2026-08-06T12:53:26Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322908 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é '''bustard mór'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Otis%20tarda/|title=“Otis tarda” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Otis tarda''). Is ball d'fhine na Otidiformes é, agus is é an t-aon bhall den ghéineas ''Otis'' é. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bustard mor}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] mcvkpq5qza90kj7b752c4buz0vigy7e 0 92889 1323209 1138349 2026-08-07T07:00:07Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323209 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é '''corcrán coille ceannliath''' (''Pyrrhula erythaca'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Pyrrhula%20erythaca/|title=“Pyrrhula erythaca” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-23}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Corcran coille ceannliath}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1862]] g7lc6r7faza8booi1zmmtn3gep1ncpi 0 92890 1323096 1165586 2026-08-06T20:45:27Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323096 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] í an '''chearc cheannann Eoráiseach''' nó an '''chearc cheannann'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Fulica%20atra/|title=“Fulica atra” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Rallidae é. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cearc cheannann Eoraiseach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] gv9li0220yy750nfl83ihuw50enxqnx 0 92898 1322906 1164796 2026-08-06T12:52:33Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322906 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é '''bustard Houbara'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Chlamydotis%20undulata/|title=“Chlamydotis undulata” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Otididae é. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bustard Houbara}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1784]] si6dr8xymqeiobur9xndasqa7ps7b8c 0 92899 1322905 1164693 2026-08-06T12:51:38Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322905 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é '''bustard beag'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Tetrax%20tetrax/|title=“Tetrax tetrax” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Otididae é. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bustard beag}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] gcwy7jpyyb8lj4bchhs3z21n0sidxkh 0 92927 1322884 1320306 2026-08-06T12:34:46Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322884 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} ''Baineann an t-alt seo leis an speiceas Recurvirostra avosetta. Má tá spéis agat sna héin eile a dtugtar “abhóiséad” orthu, féach [[Recurvirostra]]''. Speiceas éan san fhine Recurvirostridae atá dúchasach don Eoráise agus don Afraic is ea '''an t-abhóiséad alabhreac''' ('''''Recurvirostra avosetta''''' )<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Recurvirostra%20avosetta/|title=“Recurvirostra avosetta” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-30}}</ref>. Is lapaire é le cleití dubha agus bána, arb é is sainairíonna dó go bhfuil a ghob cuartha aníoscleiteach dubh agus bán é go bhfuil arb iad is sainairíonna a bhfuil a gob cuartha suas. ==Cur síos== Is lapaire é an t-abhóiséad alabhreac, le clúmh bán agus spotaí dubha ar na sciatháin agus ar chuid uachtarach an chinn agus an mhuineál, agus fad coirp idir 41.9–45.1 cm aige. Is sainairíonna iad go bhfuil gob fada dubh cuartha aníos acu, idir 7.5–8.5 cm ar fhad. Tá cosa fada gorma acu atá 7.6–10.2 cm ar fhad, agus réise sciathán 76–80 cm.[3] Ar a sciatháin, tá na cleití príomhacha dubha agus dhá stríoc dhubh, ceann sa gualainn agus ceann eile ag trasnú na gcleití tánaisteacha. Ina theannta sin, tá spota dubh acu a chlúdaíonn cuid uachtarach an chinn agus an mhuineál, a shíneann os cionn airde na súl. Tá cuma den chineál céanna ar an dá ghnéas, ach bíonn na hóganaigh donn san áit a bhfuil dubh ar na haosaigh, agus bíonn a mbán go minic breac le dathanna liathghlasa agus svaeid. == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Abhoisead}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 2xauay93x1y2vxrr1lyz090xeyo3b4v 0 93184 1323231 1216459 2026-08-07T07:53:43Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323231 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''cruidín píbgheal''' den fhine Alcedininae laistigh den ghéineas [[Halcyon]] é an [[cruidín]] seo. Tá an cruidín seo le fáil go forleathan thar achar a chuimsíonn codanna den [[An Meánoirthear|Mheánoirthear]], an [[An India|India]], an [[An Ind-Sín|Ind-Sín]], codanna de dheisceart na [[An tSín|Síne]] agus na [[Na hOileáin Fhilipíneacha|hOileáin Fhilipíneacha]]. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cruidini pibgheal}} [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyon]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] nxakgnbxr193omc3lvwy2hggi2awg68 0 93241 1322871 1164567 2026-08-06T12:16:16Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322871 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é '''beachadóir Peirseach'''. Is baill d'fhine na Meropidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Beachadoir Peirseach}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1773]] d0udaxnpvztcu77gl7if7xfs397ngln 0 93242 1322870 1164883 2026-08-06T12:15:32Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322870 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''beachadóir'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Merops%20apiaster/|title=“Merops apiaster” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> nó an '''beachadóir Eorpach''' (''Merops apiaster''). Is baill d'fhine na Meropidae iad. [[File:CloseUp of a female European bee-eater.webm |thumb|left |''Merops apiaster'']] == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Beachadóir Eorpach}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 7mhpbs7p1c4iuo960g6c16w5adbw2o1 0 93257 1323187 1164568 2026-08-07T06:28:11Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323187 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Dendrocopos leucotos leucotos MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.164.2.jpg|thumb|''Dendrocopos leucotos leucotos'']] Is [[éan]] é '''cnagaire droimgheal'''. Is baill d'fhine na Picidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cnagaire droimgheal}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1812]] rgsp56fsnu0bfhnusmghkjmfl1vhi5u 0 93258 1323191 1164366 2026-08-07T06:31:27Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323191 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é '''an cnagaire Siriach''' (''Dendrocopos syriacus''). Is baill d'fhine na Picidae é. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cnagaire Siriach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1833]] daf1tlini62nebgg3l4xo7pbmuaa3sm 0 93287 1323188 1136281 2026-08-07T06:28:54Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323188 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Dryocopus martius pinetorum MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.164.6.jpg|thumb|''Dryocopus martius pinetorum'']] Is [[éan]] é '''cnagaire dubh''' (''Dryocopus martius'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Dryocopus%20martius/|title=“Dryocopus martius” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-08}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cnagaire dubh}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 2tvbj50irkkem3wgotgeno9zcvibwln 0 93328 1323153 1137474 2026-08-06T21:26:13Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323153 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] í an '''circín starraiceach''' (''Galerida cristata'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Galerida%20cristata/|title=“Galerida cristata” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-14}}</ref> Úsáidtear an t-ainm seo ar an bhfuiseog ''Alauda arvensis'' freisin. == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Circín starraiceach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 33zp7lzxsf0m2kodqhcrmgnzo94t0cz 0 93341 1322882 1137476 2026-08-06T12:34:03Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322882 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is speiceas [[éan]] é '''''Alauda arvensis'''''. Úsáidtear an t-ainm coitianta '''fuiseog''' nó '''circín starraiceach''' ar éin sa speiceas seo.<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Alauda%20arvensis/|title=“Alauda arvensis” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-14}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Alauda arvensis}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 5yd8pyk1f3eyvwp6n6s1qoebx1c79e1 0 93349 1323267 1138252 2026-08-07T09:20:33Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323267 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Whistling Swan RWD2.jpg|thumb|''C. c. columbianus'']] Is [[éan]] í an '''eala thundra''' (''Cygnus columbianus'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Cygnus%20columbianus/|title=“Cygnus columbianus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-23}}</ref> Tá dhá fhospeiceas ann, ''Cygnus columbianus columbianus'' le gob dubh ([[Béarla]]: ''whistling swan''), agus [[Eala Bewick]] (''Cygnus columbianus beweckii'') le gob dubh agus buí. == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{Síol}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1815]] n8bg13hb3phowib2zb8u5sgnqo7hzns 0 93365 1323255 1252519 2026-08-07T09:10:34Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323255 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} :''Baineann an t-alt seo leis an speiceas coitianta Troglodytes troglodytes; má tá suim agat in éin eile a dtugtar “dreoilín” orthu, féach [[Dreoilín (fine)]]. [[Éan]] beag ceoil atá sa dá leathsféar den domhan, ach clanna éagsúla sa dá cheann, is ea an '''dreoilín'''. [[File:Cuculus canorus canorus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.149.17.jpg|thumb| ''Cuculus canorus canorus'' + ''Troglodytes troglodytes''|clé]] [[File:Troglodytes troglodytes troglodytes MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.183.17.jpg|thumb|''Troglodytes troglodytes troglodytes''|clé]] == Tréithe == An-fhlúirseach i Meiriceá teochreasach. A chlúmh donn nó scothdhearg in uachtar, agus bán, liath nó donnbhuí in íochtar. Patrún gleoite rialta ar a sciatháin is an dá thaobh dá bholg. Gob fada air, is a eireaball in airde. Itheann sé feithidí is damháin alla. Déanann an fireannach an-chuid ceoil, tríleach ard thar cheol aon éin eile. Déanann sé nead i gcruth sféar agus poll sa taobh mar bhealach isteach is amach, as caonach is féar, le cleití mar líneáil. Tógann sé dhá ál sa bhliain. [[Íomhá:Deochandreoilín.jpeg|clé|mion|312x312px|Deoch an Dreoilín]] == In Éirinn == Is é an dara éan is lú in Éirinn, ach “rí na n-éan”.<ref name="Freamh">{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Hussey|first=Matt|author-link=Matthew Hussey|title=Dreoilín|encyclopedia=[[Fréamh an Eolais]]|language=ga|date=2011|publisher=[[Coiscéim]]}}</ref> In [[Éire|Éirinn]], tugtar [[Lá an Dreoilín]] ar an [[26 Nollaig]], nó [[Lá Fhéile Stiofáin]], is é sin fiach an dreoilín. Tá sé de nós ag lucht an dreoilín - agus / nó ná cleamairí - dul amach ag fiach chun an dreoilín bocht a mharú Lá Fhéile Stiofáin.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://xn--anpipar-jwa8e.ie/2024/12/la-an-dreoilin/|teideal=Lá an Dreoilín – An Páipéar|údar=Caoimhín Ó Cadhla|dáta=2024-12-21|language=ga-IE|dátarochtana=2024-12-22}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Dreoilin donn}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] rvr410hdspvyq0s9eh7xwk05a2bld3d 0 93373 1323253 1164382 2026-08-07T09:09:31Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323253 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Prunella collaris collaris MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.185.16.jpg|thumb|''Prunella collaris collaris '']] Is [[éan]] í an '''donnóg Alpach'''. Is baill d'fhine na Prunellidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Donnog Alpach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1769]] gmb8catpisw2lmov85eqx96zu24xpi3 0 93374 1323254 1164383 2026-08-07T09:09:50Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323254 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] í an '''donnóg Radde''' (''Prunella ocularis''). Is baill d'fhine na Prunellidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Donnog Radde}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1884]] rpe1t68xrdugx0iotth0srspwxthb0f 0 93413 1323115 1190534 2026-08-06T21:01:13Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323115 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Cettia cetti cetti MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.199.25.jpg|thumb|left|Uibheacha ''Cettia cetti cetti'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''ceolaire Cetti'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Cettia%20cetti/|title=“Cettia cetti” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Cettiidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceolaire Cetti}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1820]] i6lx92ufmz4qi2bl0m5nubysbcez78r 0 93414 1323134 1187846 2026-08-06T21:10:51Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323134 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Locustella luscinioides MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.195.32.jpg|thumb|left|Uibheacha ''Locustella luscinioides'']] [[File:Zingende snor-4961920.webm|thumb|Locustella luscinioides]] Is [[éan]] é an '''ceolaire Savi'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Locustella%20luscinioides/|title=“Locustella luscinioides” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Locustella luscinioides''). Is baill d'fhine na Locustellidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceolaire Savi}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1824]] tn60dv5agegawjdes1htdpr004jibej 0 93415 1323116 1190740 2026-08-06T21:01:32Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323116 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Acrocephalus schoenobaenus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.200.1.jpg|thumb|left|''Acrocephalus schoenobaenus'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''ceolaire cíbe'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Acrocephalus%20schoenobaenus/|title=“Acrocephalus schoenobaenus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Acrocephalidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceolaire cibe}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 5ccyeftqfdi1yny2u4ku2tk014lh45t 0 93438 1323130 1190947 2026-08-06T21:08:57Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323130 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Acrocephalus agricola MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.200.20.jpg|thumb|left|''Acrocephalus agricola'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''ceolaire goirt ríse''' (''Acrocephalus agricola'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Acrocephalus%20agricola/|title=“Acrocephalus agricola” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-28}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceolaire goirt rise}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1845]] s222vqgqv2m42l1vhb4o44sznninpwd 0 93439 1323109 1165593 2026-08-06T20:55:00Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323109 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''ceolaire Blyth'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Acrocephalus%20dumetorum/|title=“Acrocephalus dumetorum” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Acrocephalidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceolaire Blyth}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1849]] f57umnrr41k2y8b95o1opx8xove2us9 0 93443 1323206 1165446 2026-08-07T06:47:41Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323206 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''colúr coille''' nó '''colm coille'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Columba%20palumbus/|title=“Columba palumbus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Columbidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Colúr coille}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] a34t83r87oc9dqndxs0p5o1fth63iyw 0 93445 1323121 1164393 2026-08-06T21:04:24Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323121 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''ceolaire cuaráin'''. Is baill d'fhine na Acrocephalidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceolaire cuarain}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1823]] 73d2p66cmqnf38nk1q914e93am87qdn 0 93462 1323108 1164845 2026-08-06T20:54:22Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323108 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''ceolaire bánlíoch'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Iduna%20pallida/|title=“Iduna pallida” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Acrocephalidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceolaire banlioch}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1833]] iz2b6lqav4ia7drk6i1nx15e14gdmt1 0 93464 1323138 1191053 2026-08-06T21:12:33Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323138 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''ceolaire Upcher'''. Is baill d'fhine na Acrocephalidae iad. [[File:Hippolais languida MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.201.13.jpg|thumb|left|''Hippolais languida'']] == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceolaire Upcher}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1833]] p76klov3iasnlbws5asubwpoqwh31de 0 93471 1323131 1164846 2026-08-06T21:09:21Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323131 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''ceolaire ictireach'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Hippolais%20icterina/|title=“Hippolais icterina” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Acrocephalidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceolaire ictireach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1817]] lms7wj8d9xwtqbft7f0xsqjt0zhr0as 0 93472 1323136 1164397 2026-08-06T21:11:43Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323136 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''ceolaire Sindeach'''. Is baill d'fhine na Phylloscopidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceolaire Sindeach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1880]] 90ua4atn9zq1u6lzv4wwj7bzxfz2sb0 0 93481 1323135 1166109 2026-08-06T21:11:18Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323135 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''ceolaire scothghlas'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Phylloscopus%20trochiloides/|title=“Phylloscopus trochiloides” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Phylloscopidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceolaire scothghlas}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1837]] 9jbgcll0yb0hzvl0uhcs02bxq7bzf7t 0 93494 1323137 1164401 2026-08-06T21:12:05Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323137 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''ceolaire tiubhghobach'''. Is baill d'fhine na Sylviidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceolaire tiubhghobach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1830]] 65acj6gko4771ncffwtgva632es21z7 0 93495 1323132 1164402 2026-08-06T21:09:54Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323132 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] í an '''ceolaire Ménétries''' (''Sylvia mystacea''). Is baill d'fhine na [[Sylviidae]] iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceolaire Menetries}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1832]] sii93q7nesfyhvyo4gotbpvtin05j8e 0 93503 1323006 1181076 2026-08-06T17:24:54Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323006 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Monticola saxatilis MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.190.5.jpg|thumb|''Monticola saxatilis'']] Is [[éan]] í an '''caislín aille''' (''Monticola saxatilis'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Monticola%20saxatilis/|title=“Monticola saxatilis” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-30}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Caislín aille}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1766]] 86gg8ulnipwtkuoi0akmrbonna7jvn6 0 93530 1323011 1231742 2026-08-06T17:27:53Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323011 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Monticola solitarius solitarius MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.190.1.jpg|thumb|''Monticola solitarius solitarius'']] Is [[éan]] í '''caislín aille gorm'''<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/caisl%C3%ADn%20aille%20gorm/|title=“caislín aille gorm” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2024-09-05}}</ref> (''Monticola solitarius''). Is baill d'fhine na Muscicapidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Caislín aille gorm}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 5aetn5hnt21plpupf0by89olycpcpr4 0 93531 1323239 1200460 2026-08-07T07:59:50Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323239 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Ficedula albicollis MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.206.10.jpg|thumb|''Ficedula albicollis'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''cuilire bán''' (''F. albicollis''). Is baill d'fhine na Muscicapidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cuilire ban}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1815]] ehc742ec0vcxuntrn9dp2cat39gkopk 0 93532 1323241 1199944 2026-08-07T08:01:01Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323241 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Ficedula semitorquata MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.206.1.jpg|thumb|Uibheacha ''Ficedula semitorquata'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''cuilire leathmhuinceach''' (''F. semitorquata''). Is baill d'fhine na Muscicapidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cuilire leathmhuinceach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1885]] n6zqaqsr91l6fr9typfuy8cqq23hwfd 0 93533 1323240 1200352 2026-08-07T08:00:42Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323240 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Ficedula parva MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.206.5.jpg|thumb|left|Uibheacha ''Ficedula parva'']] Is [[éan]] í an '''cuilire broinnrua''' (''Ficedula parva'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Ficedula%20parva/|title=“Ficedula parva” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-28}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cuilire broinnrua}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1792]] lif5ybvnbbypeojnx0agepluslumlsu 0 93588 1323269 1164406 2026-08-07T09:22:04Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323269 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an t-'''earrdheargán báneiteach''' (''Phoenicurus erythrogastrus'') . Is baill d'fhine na Muscicapidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Earrdheargan baneiteach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1775]] 0pr55wa7im4sdtox0q68njn8bs9y2rz 0 93589 1323015 1164408 2026-08-06T17:31:56Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323015 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''caislín Sibéarach'''. Is baill d'fhine na Muscicapidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Caislin Sibearach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1773]] kkebujuo64oa6pi5711ddq1ok6mdxpo 0 93592 1323014 1139235 2026-08-06T17:29:37Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323014 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''caislín cloch Eorpach''' (''Saxicola rubicola'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Saxicola%20rubicola/|title=“Saxicola rubicola” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-30}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Caislín cloch Eorpach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1766]] 8u1mzy6ckja3mhdc24ztd8gcp1f58y7 0 93602 1323171 1181879 2026-08-06T21:36:07Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323171 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Oenanthe oenanthe oenanthe MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.192.21.jpg|thumb|''Oenanthe oenanthe oenanthe'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''clochrán'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Oenanthe%20oenanthe/|title=“Oenanthe oenanthe” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> nó an '''clochrán coiteann'''. Is baill d'fhine na Muscicapidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Clochran coiteann}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] f6oaj1jbhzu8ku4j4pk8vzgmy1shlf6 0 93603 1323168 1164410 2026-08-06T21:34:26Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323168 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''clochrán Finsch''' (''Oenanthe finschii''). Is ball d'fhine na Muscicapidae é. Maireann siad in iarthar na h[[An Áise|Áise]]. Itheann siad feithidí. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Clochran Finsch}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1869]] je42618iq5wj76p5krhi2uf947gse57 0 93608 1323165 1181343 2026-08-06T21:32:10Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323165 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Oenanthe pleschanka MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.190.23.jpg|thumb|''Oenanthe pleschanka'']] Is [[speiceas]] [[éan]] é '''an clochrán alabhreac''' (''Oenanthe pleschanka'') san [[Fine (bitheolaíocht)|fhine]] [[Muscicapidae]]. == Cur Síos == Tá cluimhreach dhubh agus bhán (sa cheann fireann) ina chomhartha sóirt aige a bhfuil a ainm dlite dó. Bíonn dath bán ar a chochall, cúl an mhuiníl agus an bholg, agus dath dubh ar a aghaidh, cliabhrach, droim agus sciatháin. Bíonn na cleití eireaball bán le marcanna dubha tréithiúla, a chruthaíonn patrún "T" dubh inbhéartaithe atá cosúil le eireaball an ''Oenanthe hispanica''. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Clochran alabhreac}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1770]] bz9ja550lnzcjhnycufazqancp080uq 0 93613 1323173 1181734 2026-08-06T21:36:51Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323173 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Oenanthe hispanica hispanica MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.191.8.jpg|thumb|''Oenanthe hispanica hispanica'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''clochrán cluasdubh''' (''Oenanthe hispanica'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Oenanthe%20hispanica/|title=“Oenanthe hispanica” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-29}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Clochran cluasdubh}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] ktfdp394t27pbudu6q2b96cw2qlgku6 0 93614 1323172 1164412 2026-08-06T21:36:29Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323172 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''clochrán Coirdíneach'''. Is ball d'fhine na Muscicapidae é. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Clochran Coirdineach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1833]] jr3pdck7gshq8zs55zskb2vpw3csuy6 0 93622 1323170 1164413 2026-08-06T21:35:25Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323170 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''clochrán earr-rua'''. Is ball d'fhine na Muscicapidae é. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Clochran earr-rua}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1863]] 7ytfgfcgqth73c095m1w4wajmhr4slt 0 93631 1323169 1165319 2026-08-06T21:34:51Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323169 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''clochrán fásaigh'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Oenanthe%20deserti/|title=“Oenanthe deserti” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is ball d'fhine na Muscicapidae é. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Clochran fasaigh}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1829]] mkt4jbjuvkmzicu3ecr3h79gin07cfw 0 93632 1323167 1181333 2026-08-06T21:34:06Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323167 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Oenanthe isabellina MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.190.20.jpg|thumb|''Oenanthe isabellina'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''clochrán gainimh''' (''Oenanthe isabellina'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Oenanthe%20isabellina/|title=“Oenanthe isabellina” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-29}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Clochran gainimh}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1829]] 2uqtog2q7myyh8iptrcm8zmrm62gqbu 0 93729 1323194 1164417 2026-08-07T06:34:55Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323194 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Sitta neumayer syriaca MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.183.14.jpg|thumb|''Sitta neumayer syriaca'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''Cnóshnag Neumayer''' (''Sitta neumayer''). Is ball d'fhine na Sittidae é. Tá sé dúchasach i réigiún a shíneann ón g[[An Chróit|Cróit]] soir go dtí an [[An Iaráin|Iaráin]]. Itheann sé [[feithid]]í agus [[Damhán alla|damháin alla]], chomh maith le síolta sa gheimhreadh. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cnoshnag Neumayer}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1830]] 2bvtbkqbw5ubwu50p8pssjc3pvk3b1p 0 93785 1323007 1193945 2026-08-06T17:25:46Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323007 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Pyrrhocorax graculus graculus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.171.3.jpg|thumb|left|''Pyrrhocorax graculus graculus'']] Is [[éan]] é an '''cág gob-bhuí''' (''Pyrrhocorax graculus'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Pyrrhocorax%20graculus/|title=“Pyrrhocorax graculus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-05-31}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Corvidae é. Tá sé dúchasach i ndeisceart na hEorpa, i [[Maracó]] agus in áiteanna i lár na hÁise, san [[India]] agus i [[Neipeal]]. Maireann sé sna sléibhte arda. == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cag gob-bhui}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1766]] 2fiw01wa241nynwesutr0hzsid8sqha 0 93792 1323258 1166323 2026-08-07T09:12:25Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323258 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] í an '''druid rósach'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Pastor%20roseus/|title=“Pastor roseus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Sturnidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Druid rosach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] 9wv8j0yudlv0x450wd94s310gym99wt 0 93844 1323024 1219334 2026-08-06T17:39:17Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323024 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é an '''''Carpodacus rubicilla'''''. Is baill d'fhine na Fringillidae iad. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Carpodacus rubicilla}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1775]] 382sdzamujkh15qxlzizr5ldkxnfh0g 0 93975 1323260 1206555 2026-08-07T09:14:46Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323260 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] é '''éadar taibhseach'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Somateria%20spectabilis/|title=“Somateria spectabilis” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Anatidae é. == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Eadar taibhseach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] tq2q9erww1rxa2msbhq0pdajv7pfqr0 0 94022 1323232 1166463 2026-08-07T07:55:00Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323232 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} [[File:Coccyzus americanus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.151.2.jpg|thumb|''Coccyzus americanus'']] Is [[éan]] í '''cuach ghob-bhuí'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Coccyzus%20americanus/|title=“Coccyzus americanus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Cuculiformes é. .<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Coccyzus%20americanus/|teideal=An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|work=Téarma.ie|dátarochtana=2020-05-12}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cuach ghob-bhui}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] a7yihdm4bot1afcsq52ec20bkq86v8c 0 94038 1323097 1165886 2026-08-06T20:45:55Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323097 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[éan]] í '''cearc cheannann Mheiriceánach'''.<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Fulica%20americana/|title=“Fulica americana” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> Is baill d'fhine na Rallidae é. .<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Fulica%20americana/|teideal=An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|work=Téarma.ie|dátarochtana=2020-05-12}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cearc cheannann Mheiriceanach}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1789]] 3gz59zyzl56sbebdj4ch4z0618znrp9 0 94164 1323196 1292931 2026-08-07T06:36:36Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323196 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[Lapaire (zó-eolaíocht)|lapaire]] beag é an '''cnota mór''' (Calidris tenuirostris). Is é an speiceas is mó den ghéineas Calidris é. Tá ainm an ghéinis ón tSean-Ghréigis ''kalidris'' nó ''skalidris'', téarma a thug Arastatail ar roinnt éan liath a chónaíonn cois uisce. Is ón Laidin an focal ''tenuirostris'': ciallaíonn ''tenuis'' "caol" agus ''rostrum'' "gob"<ref name=job>{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A | year= 2010| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | url= https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling | publisher=Christopher Helm | location = London | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 | pages=84, 381}}</ref>. == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{síol ainmhí}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cnota mor}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] aiypl7fojr9k7tmn7hl26wr9ze1mzb2 0 95283 1322879 1168114 2026-08-06T12:31:49Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322879 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[Lapaire (zó-eolaíocht)|lapaire]] é '''an bonnán beag'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Ixobrychus%20minutus/|title=“Ixobrychus minutus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Ixobrychus minutus'') i bh[[Fine (bitheolaíocht)|fine]] [[Corr réisc|na gcorr réisc]], [[Corr réisc|Ardeidae]]. Tagann an focal ''Ixobrychus'' ón [[An tSean-Ghréigis|tSean-Ghréigis]] ''Ixobrychus'', planda cosúil le giolcach agus ''brukhomai'', "lig búir", agus is é ''minutus'' an focal [[An Laidin|Laidineach]] ar "beag". == Dáileadh == Tá an bonnán beag dúchasach don Sean-Domhan, ag pórú san Afraic, i lár agus i ndeisceart na hEorpa, in iarthar agus i ndeisceart na hÁise, agus i Madagascar. Is éin imirceacha iad na héin ó réigiúin mheasartha san Eoraip agus iarthar na hÁise, ag geimhreadh san Afraic agus níos faide ó dheas san Áise, agus tá na héin a neadaíonn sna trópaicí neamhaistreach. Is annamh a fheictear iad ó thuaidh óna raon pórúcháin. ==Tagairtí== {{Reflist}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1766]] tfzea7tpliid2w0l6cl6ubni2d2kc28 0 95301 1322887 1170463 2026-08-06T12:36:14Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322887 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is corr réisc bheag é an '''bonnán caol''' ''(Ixobrychus exilis)'', an comhalta is lú den fhine [[Corr réisc|Ardeidae]] ar fáil i gCríocha Mheiriceá. == Cur síos == [[Íomhá:Leastbittern.jpg|clé|mion|Bonnán caol i bhFlorida, Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá]] Ar cheann de na [[Corr réisc|hArdeidae]] is lú ar domhan, agus b’fhéidir nach bhfuil ann ach [[Bonnán Sturm]] agus an [[bonnán amhrasach]] ar an meán níos lú. Is féidir é a thomhas ó 28 go 36 cm ar fhad, agus an réise sciathán ó 41 go 46 cm. Bíonn corpmhais ó 51 fo 102 g acu, an chuid is mó dóibh ag meá idir 73 agus 95 g, rud a fhágann gurb é an bonnán éadroime de na [[Corr réisc|hArdeidae]] go léir.<ref name="heroncons">{{Lua idirlín|url=http://www.heronconservation.org/styled-5/styled-34/|work=HeronConservation.org|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140527230027/http://www.heronconservation.org/styled-5/styled-34/|archivedate=27 May 2014}}</ref> Le déanaí, luann lámhleabhar de mhaiseanna coirp éanúil speiceas eile sa ghéineas seo, an [[bonnán scartha]], ag rá go bhfuil corpmhais beagán níos ísle ná an bonnán caol, a chreidtear le meánmhais de 86.3 g.<ref name="CRC">''CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses, 2nd Edition'' by John B. Dunning Jr. (Editor). CRC Press (2008), {{ISBN|978-1-4200-6444-5}}.</ref> ==Tagairtí== {{Reflist}} [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1789]] t5khli42p9fggbbe6zfvk8n9sqwagjb 0 98031 1322915 1261496 2026-08-06T13:29:40Z Conradder 34685 +cat 1322915 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}} Is [[polaiteoir]] de chuid [[Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach|Pháirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach]] (PAD) é '''Gordon Lyons''' (a rugadh ar an 6 Márta 1986). Toghadh é mar [[Comhalta den Tionól Reachtach (Tuaisceart Éireann)|Chomhalta den Tionól Reachtach]] d’[[Aontroim Thoir (Toghcheantar na Ríochta Aontaithe)|Aontroim Thoir]] don chéad uair i mí Lúnasa 2015. Ceapadh mar Aire i bh[[Feidhmeannacht Thuaisceart Éireann]] don chéad uair in 2021. Is é an [[An Roinn Pobal|tAire Pobal]] é faoi láthair. == Gairm == D'oibrigh Lyons mar chúntóir do Chomhalta an PAD den Tionól Reachtach [[Sammy Wilson|Sammy Wilson ar]] feadh cúig bliana. Níor éirigh leis in [[Aontroim Thoir (Toghcheantar na Ríochta Aontaithe)|Aontroim Thoir]] i dtoghchán Tionóil Thuaisceart Éireann 2011, agus i gceantar Bhóthar an Chósta de Chomhairle Buirge Latharna freisin.<ref>Victoria Leonard, [http://www.larnetimes.co.uk/news/local-news/larne-councillor-lyons-hopes-to-replace-sammy-wilson-1-6886134 "Larne Councillor Lyons hopes to replace Sammy Wilson"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150920060443/http://www.larnetimes.co.uk/news/local-news/larne-councillor-lyons-hopes-to-replace-sammy-wilson-1-6886134|date=2015-09-20}}, ''[[Larne Times]]'', 4 August 2015.</ref><ref>[http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/lglarne.htm Larne Borough Council Elections 1993–2011] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181223231804/http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/lglarne.htm |date=2018-12-23 }}, Northern Ireland Elections, ark.ac.uk; accessed 3 January 2017.</ref> I dtoghcháin áitiúla 2014, toghadh Lyons don limistéar nua "Bóthar an Chósta", don Chomhairle Dúiche Lár agus Oirthear Aontroma,<ref>"[http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/nlgmea.htm Mid and East Antrim District Council Elections, 2014] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110093658/http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/nlgmea.htm |date=2019-01-10 }}", Northern Ireland Elections</ref> agus i mí Lúnasa 2015, comhthoghadh é chun áit [[Sammy Wilson|Wilson]] a ghlacadh ar an Tionól.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-33869676 "Gordon Lyons to replace Sammy Wilson as East Antrim MLA"], ''[[BBC News]]'', 11 August 2015.</ref> Atoghadh Lyons ag Toghchán Tionóil 2016 agus bhí sé ina bhall den Choiste Geilleagair agus ina Chathaoirleach ar an gCoiste um Nósanna Imeachta. Nuair a atoghadh é i dToghchán Tionóil TÉ 2017, cheap Ceannaire an PAD [[Arlene Foster]], Lyons mar Phríomh-Aoire Ghrúpa Tionóil an PUD. Nuair a athbhunaíodh dílárú na cumhachta an 11 Eanáir 2020, cheap an Príomh-Aire Arlene Foster Lyons mar Aire Sóisearach san Oifig Fheidhmiúcháin. D’fhóin sé mar [[An Roinn Talmhaíochta agus Forbartha Tuaithe (Tuaisceart Éireann)|Aire Gníomhach Talmhaíochta, Comhshaoil, agus Gnóthaí Tuaithe]] tar éis do [[Edwin Poots]] seasamh síos go sealadach ar chúiseanna sláinte.<ref>' [[Edwin Poots]] steps down for 'surgery and recuperation' https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-55896873}}{{Dead link|date=Deireadh Fómhair 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ceapadh Lyons ina Aire Pobal in 2024, an aireacht ar a mbíonn cúram na Gaeilge.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/la-stairiuil-ar-chnoc-an-anfa-agus-michelle-oneill-tofa-ina-cead-aire/|teideal=Lá stairiúil ar Chnoc an Anfa agus Michelle O’Neill tofa ina Céad-Aire|dáta=2024-02-03|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2024-10-11}}</ref> I mí Aibreáin 2024, cuireadh cruinniú den [[An Chomhairle Aireachta Thuaidh-Theas|Chomhairle Aireachta Thuaidh/Theas]] faoi chúrsaí teanga ar ceal ag an nóiméad deireanach an mar go ndúirt Lyons nach mbeadh sé ar fáil le freastal air.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://peig.ie/2021/04/cruinniu-thuaidh-theas-faoin-ngaeilge-curtha-ar-ceal-mar-nach-raibh-an-dup-ar-fail/|teideal=Cruinniú thuaidh-theas faoin nGaeilge curtha ar ceal mar nach raibh an DUP ‘ar fáil’|údar=Tuairisc.ie|dáta=2021-04-08|language=ga-IE|work=PEIG.ie|dátarochtana=2024-10-11}}</ref> I mí Dheireadh Fómhair 2024, bhí cáineadh déanta ar Lyons faoi chruinniú a bheith aige leis an [[CPD]] tar éis gur dhiúltaigh sé cruinniú a bheith aige le [[Conradh na Gaeilge]].<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Cruinniú ag aire eile ón DUP le dílseoirí|url=https://www.rte.ie/news/nuacht/2024/1011/1474915-cruinniu-ag-aire-eile-on-dup-le-dilseoiri/|date=2024-10-11|language=ga-IE|author=Nuacht RTÉ}}</ref> Bhí na dílseoirí sa CPD ag cur go láidir in aghaidh bunscoil Ghaeilge a bhunú in oirthear Bhéal Feirste ag an am. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lyons, Gordon}} [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1986]] [[Catagóir: Daoine as Latharna]] [[Catagóir: Baill de Chomhairle Buirge Latharna]] [[Catagóir: CTRanna Páirtí Aontachtaithe Daonlathacha]] [[Catagóir: CTRanna Thuaisceart Éireann 2011–2016]] [[Catagóir: CTRanna Thuaisceart Éireann 2016–2017]] [[Catagóir: CTRanna Thuaisceart Éireann 2017–]] [[Catagóir:Airí sóisearacha (Tuaisceart Éireann)]] hz5eisub7be0hamsiihhiczfbjl51k7 1322917 1322915 2026-08-06T13:31:26Z Conradder 34685 cat 1322917 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}} Is [[polaiteoir]] de chuid [[Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach|Pháirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach]] (PAD) é '''Gordon Lyons''' (a rugadh ar an 6 Márta 1986). Toghadh é mar [[Comhalta den Tionól Reachtach (Tuaisceart Éireann)|Chomhalta den Tionól Reachtach]] d’[[Aontroim Thoir (Toghcheantar na Ríochta Aontaithe)|Aontroim Thoir]] don chéad uair i mí Lúnasa 2015. Ceapadh mar Aire i bh[[Feidhmeannas Thuaisceart Éireann]] don chéad uair in 2021. Is é an [[An Roinn Pobal|tAire Pobal]] é faoi láthair. == Gairm == D'oibrigh Lyons mar chúntóir do Chomhalta an PAD den Tionól Reachtach [[Sammy Wilson|Sammy Wilson ar]] feadh cúig bliana. Níor éirigh leis in [[Aontroim Thoir (Toghcheantar na Ríochta Aontaithe)|Aontroim Thoir]] i dtoghchán Tionóil Thuaisceart Éireann 2011, agus i gceantar Bhóthar an Chósta de Chomhairle Buirge Latharna freisin.<ref>Victoria Leonard, [http://www.larnetimes.co.uk/news/local-news/larne-councillor-lyons-hopes-to-replace-sammy-wilson-1-6886134 "Larne Councillor Lyons hopes to replace Sammy Wilson"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150920060443/http://www.larnetimes.co.uk/news/local-news/larne-councillor-lyons-hopes-to-replace-sammy-wilson-1-6886134|date=2015-09-20}}, ''[[Larne Times]]'', 4 August 2015.</ref><ref>[http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/lglarne.htm Larne Borough Council Elections 1993–2011] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181223231804/http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/lglarne.htm |date=2018-12-23 }}, Northern Ireland Elections, ark.ac.uk; accessed 3 January 2017.</ref> I dtoghcháin áitiúla 2014, toghadh Lyons don limistéar nua "Bóthar an Chósta", don Chomhairle Dúiche Lár agus Oirthear Aontroma,<ref>"[http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/nlgmea.htm Mid and East Antrim District Council Elections, 2014] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110093658/http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/nlgmea.htm |date=2019-01-10 }}", Northern Ireland Elections</ref> agus i mí Lúnasa 2015, comhthoghadh é chun áit [[Sammy Wilson|Wilson]] a ghlacadh ar an Tionól.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-33869676 "Gordon Lyons to replace Sammy Wilson as East Antrim MLA"], ''[[BBC News]]'', 11 August 2015.</ref> Atoghadh Lyons ag Toghchán Tionóil 2016 agus bhí sé ina bhall den Choiste Geilleagair agus ina Chathaoirleach ar an gCoiste um Nósanna Imeachta. Nuair a atoghadh é i dToghchán Tionóil TÉ 2017, cheap Ceannaire an PAD [[Arlene Foster]], Lyons mar Phríomh-Aoire Ghrúpa Tionóil an PUD. Nuair a athbhunaíodh dílárú na cumhachta an 11 Eanáir 2020, cheap an Príomh-Aire Arlene Foster Lyons mar Aire Sóisearach san Oifig Fheidhmiúcháin. D’fhóin sé mar [[An Roinn Talmhaíochta agus Forbartha Tuaithe (Tuaisceart Éireann)|Aire Gníomhach Talmhaíochta, Comhshaoil, agus Gnóthaí Tuaithe]] tar éis do [[Edwin Poots]] seasamh síos go sealadach ar chúiseanna sláinte.<ref>' [[Edwin Poots]] steps down for 'surgery and recuperation' https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-55896873}}{{Dead link|date=Deireadh Fómhair 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ceapadh Lyons ina Aire Pobal in 2024, an aireacht ar a mbíonn cúram na Gaeilge.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/la-stairiuil-ar-chnoc-an-anfa-agus-michelle-oneill-tofa-ina-cead-aire/|teideal=Lá stairiúil ar Chnoc an Anfa agus Michelle O’Neill tofa ina Céad-Aire|dáta=2024-02-03|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2024-10-11}}</ref> I mí Aibreáin 2024, cuireadh cruinniú den [[An Chomhairle Aireachta Thuaidh-Theas|Chomhairle Aireachta Thuaidh/Theas]] faoi chúrsaí teanga ar ceal ag an nóiméad deireanach an mar go ndúirt Lyons nach mbeadh sé ar fáil le freastal air.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://peig.ie/2021/04/cruinniu-thuaidh-theas-faoin-ngaeilge-curtha-ar-ceal-mar-nach-raibh-an-dup-ar-fail/|teideal=Cruinniú thuaidh-theas faoin nGaeilge curtha ar ceal mar nach raibh an DUP ‘ar fáil’|údar=Tuairisc.ie|dáta=2021-04-08|language=ga-IE|work=PEIG.ie|dátarochtana=2024-10-11}}</ref> I mí Dheireadh Fómhair 2024, bhí cáineadh déanta ar Lyons faoi chruinniú a bheith aige leis an [[CPD]] tar éis gur dhiúltaigh sé cruinniú a bheith aige le [[Conradh na Gaeilge]].<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Cruinniú ag aire eile ón DUP le dílseoirí|url=https://www.rte.ie/news/nuacht/2024/1011/1474915-cruinniu-ag-aire-eile-on-dup-le-dilseoiri/|date=2024-10-11|language=ga-IE|author=Nuacht RTÉ}}</ref> Bhí na dílseoirí sa CPD ag cur go láidir in aghaidh bunscoil Ghaeilge a bhunú in oirthear Bhéal Feirste ag an am. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lyons, Gordon}} [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1986]] [[Catagóir: Daoine as Latharna]] [[Catagóir: Baill de Chomhairle Buirge Latharna]] [[Catagóir: CTRanna Páirtí Aontachtaithe Daonlathacha]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Cheathrú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2011-2016)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Chúigiú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2016-2017)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Séú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2017-2022)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Seachtú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann]] [[Catagóir:Airí sóisearacha (Tuaisceart Éireann)]] m7tg2drk6tixo6fszwszbqcnxvfcclo 0 100466 1323295 1259761 2026-08-07T10:40:14Z Saroj 32166 Synced 1 category from enwiki ([[:m:User:Saroj/CatSync|CatSync]]) 1323295 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}} Is [[amhránaí]] agus [[aisteoir]] [[Meiriceánach]] í '''Olivia Isabel Rodrigo''' (rugadh í ar an [[20 Feabhra]], [[2003]]). == Dioscliosta == * [[Sour (albam)|Sour]] (2021) * [[Guts (albam Olivia Rodrigo)|Guts]] (2023) == Scannánliosta == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" |+ ! Bliain ! Teideal ! Ról ! class="unsortable"| Nótaí eile |- ! scope="row" | 2015 | ''[[An American Girl: Grace Stirs Up Success]]'' | Grace Thomas | |- ! scope="row" | 2016–2019 | ''[[Bizaardvark]]'' | Paige Olvera | Príomhcharachtar |- ! scope="row" | 2017 | ''[[New Girl]]'' | Terrinea | Eipeasóid: "Young Adult" |- ! scope="row" | 2019–inniu | ''[[High School Musical: The Musical: The Series]]'' | Nini Salazar-Roberts | Príomhcharachtar |- ! scope="row" | 2021 | ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' | Féin | Eipeasóid: "[[Keegan-Michael Key]]/Olivia Rodrigo" |- ! scope="row" | 2021 | ''Sour Prom'' | Féin | Scannán ceolchoirm |- ! scope="row" | 2022 | ''[[Olivia Rodrigo: Driving Home 2 U]]'' | Féin | Scannán faisnéise |- |} == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} == Naisc sheachtracha == *[https://www.oliviarodrigo.com/ Suíomh oifigiúil] *[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm7111120/ Olivia Rodrigo] ar [[IMDb]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Rodrigo, Olivia}} [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh in 2003]] [[Catagóir:Ban-aisteoirí Meiriceánacha]] [[Catagóir:Amhránaithe Meiriceánacha]] [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Meiriceánaigh de bhunadh na hÉireann]] 8k6ig9x4fhnf1qmbekmcmsdbiyj7ytf 0 100893 1322924 1314123 2026-08-06T13:33:58Z Conradder 34685 cat 1322924 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine|nacionalitat=Éireannach}} Is [[polaiteoir]] Éireannach de chuid [[Sinn Féin|Shinn Féin]] í '''Aisling Ní Raghallaigh''' (a rugadh c. 1980). In 2021 tháinig sí in ionad [[Fra McCann|Fhra McCann]] mar [[CTR]]<ref>Comhalta den Tionól Reachtach (Tuaisceart Éireann)</ref> ag déanamh ionadaíochta ar thoghcheantar Iarthar Bhéal Feirste i dtionól na [[Tuaisceart Éireann|Sé Chontae]].<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.irishnews.com/news/politicalnews/2021/10/14/news/handball-champ-selected-by-sinn-fe-in-to-replace-west-belfast-mla-fra-mccann-2478257/|teideal=Handball champ selected by Sinn Féin to replace west Belfast MLA Fra McCann|teanga=en|obair=The Irish News}}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.sinnfein.ie/contents/62055|teideal=Sinn Féin nominate Aisling Reilly as new West Belfast MLA|teanga=en|obair=[[Sinn Féin]]|dátarochtana=2022-03-25|archivedate=2021-11-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108115324/https://www.sinnfein.ie/contents/62055}}</ref> thug sí an chéad óráid iomlán trí Ghaeilge i [[Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann|dTionól na sé chontae]]. === Bean spóirt === Tar éis di an A-Leibhéal a chríochnú, chuaigh Aisling ar aghaidh le gairm bheatha a bhaint amach sa scothspórt. Bhuaigh sí Craobhchomórtais Dhomhanda, Comórtais Uile-Éireann, agus gradaim Idirnáisiúnta éagsúla eile sa liathróid láimhe. === Gaeilge === Is Gaeilgeoir í a d’fhreastail ar Bhunscoil Phobal Feirste agus ina dhiaidh sin ar [[Coláiste Feirste]] <ref name=":0">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/38880264/read-more-colaiste-feirste|teideal=Nuachtlitir Coláiste Feirste|teanga=ga|work=Yumpu}}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/ce-hiad-na-cainteoiri-liofa-gaeilge-a-toghadh-chuig-stormont/|teideal=Cé hiad na cainteoirí líofa Gaeilge a toghadh chuig Stormont?|údar=Meadhbh Ní Eadhra|dáta=Bealtaine 2022|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2022-05-31}}</ref> Thug Reilly an chéad óráid riamh a bhí go hiomlán i nGaeilge don Tionól, Ar an 13 Bealtaine 2022 i ndiaidh a tofa. Cuireadh seirbhís aistriúcháin chomhuaineach ar fáil fad a bhí Aisling Reilly ag labhairt.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=An chéad óráid go hiomlán i nGaeilge i Stormont|url=https://www.rte.ie/news/nuacht/2022/0513/1297868-an-chead-oraid-go-hiomlan-i-ngaeilge-i-stormont/|date=2022-05-13|language=ga|author=Nuacht RTÉ}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Síol-ni}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Raghaillaigh, Aisling Ní}} [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1980]] [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Baill Shinn Féin]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Seachtú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Séú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2017-2022)]] [[Catagóir:Daoine as Béal Feirste]] [[Catagóir:Gaeilgeoirí]] [[Catagóir:Mná Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Airí sóisearacha (Tuaisceart Éireann)]] npynx4jagzbxl5j8jut2zntc8o9b80t 0 100919 1323103 1322517 2026-08-06T20:50:04Z ListeriaBot 25319 Wikidata list updated [V2] 1323103 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Geografaíocht Pholaitiúil}} CuimsíonnIs 26 '''cantún na hEilvéise''' ([[An Ghearmáinis|Gearmáinis]] : ''Kanton'' ; [[An Fhraincis|Fraincis]] : ''canton''  ; [[An Iodáilis|Iodáilis]]: ''cantone''; [[An Rómainis|Rumantsch Grischun]]: [[chantun]]) ballstáit Chónaidhm na hEilvéise. D'úsáideadh {{Lang|de|[[Waldstätte]]}} chun tagairt a dhéanamh ar na chéad trí chomhghuaillithe cónasctha a bhunaigh [[An Eilvéis|Cónaidhme na hEilvéise]] sa chéad áit. Tá achoimre ar an dá thréimhse thábhachtach i bhforbairt na Sean-Chónaidhme Eilvéise le téarmaí {{Lang|de|[[Eight Cantons|Acht Orte]]}} (‘Ocht gCantón’; ó 1353–1481) agus {{Lang|de|[[Thirteen Cantons|Dreizehn Orte]]}} (13 Cantóin, ó 1513–1798). <ref name="chrono">léirithe mar "the 'confederacy of eight'" agus "the 'Thirteen-Canton Confederation'", faoi seach, féach: {{lua idirlín | url = https://www.eda.admin.ch/aboutswitzerland/en/home/geschichte/uebersicht.html | teideal = About Switzerland}}</ref> Bhí gach cantún de Shean-Chónaidhm na hEilvéise ar a dtugtaí Ort freisin (‘suíomh’, ó roimh 1450), nó Stand (‘eastát’, ó c.  1550), ina stát iomlán ceannasach a raibh a rialuithe teorann féin, a arm, agus a airgeadra féin acu, ó shíniú [[Síocháin Westfalen]] (1648) ar a laghad go dtí bunú an stáit fheidearálaigh san Eilvéis sa bhliain 1848, le tréimhse ghairid de rialtas láraithe le linn na Poblachta Helvetic (1798-1803). Tá an téarma Kanton in úsáid go forleathan ón 19ú haois. cantún de Chónaidhm na hEilvéise Sean, ar a dtugtaí {{Lang|de|Ort}} freisin (‘suíomh’, ó roimh 1450), nó {{Lang|de|Stand}} (‘eastát’, ó c. 1550 ), stát iomlán ceannasach a raibh a rialtáin teorann féin, a arm, agus a airgeadra féin ó [[Síocháin Westfalen|Chonradh Westphalia]] (1648) ar a laghad go dtí bunú stát feidearálach na hEilvéise in 1848, le tréimhse ghairid de rialtas láraithe le linn na Poblachta <b>Helvética</b> (1798–1803). Tá an téarma Cantún in úsáid go forleathan ón 19ú haois. == Liosta de Chantúin == {{Wikidata list | SPARQL = SELECT ?item ?itemLabel WHERE { ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q23058. SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "[AUTO_LANGUAGE],ga,de,fr,it,rm". } } ORDER BY ?itemLabel | columns = number:#, P94:Armas, label:Cantún, P395:Cód, P36: Príomhchathair, P571:Bunaithe, P1082:Daonra, P2046:Achar<br>km², P37:Teanga }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! # ! Armas ! Cantún ! Cód ! Príomhchathair ! Bunaithe ! Daonra ! Achar<br>km² ! Teanga |- | style='text-align:right'| 1 | [[Íomhá:Wappen Unterwalden alt.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q214069|Unterwalden]]'' | | | data-sort-value="1315" | 1315 | | | |- | style='text-align:right'| 2 | [[Íomhá:Wappen Aargau matt.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q11972|cantún Aargau]]'' | AG | [[Aarau]] | data-sort-value="1803" | 1803 | 726894 | 1403.77 ciliméadar cearnach | [[an Ghearmáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 3 | [[Íomhá:Wappen Appenzell Ausserrhoden matt.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q12079|cantún Appenzell Ausserrhoden]]'' | AR | [[Herisau]]<br/>''[[:d:Q68189|Trogen]]'' | data-sort-value="1513" | 1513 | 56495 | 242.84 ciliméadar cearnach | ''[[:d:Q1366643|Ard-Ghearmáinis na hEilvéise]]'' |- | style='text-align:right'| 4 | [[Íomhá:Wappen Appenzell Innerrhoden matt.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q12094|cantún Appenzell Innerrhoden]]'' | AI | ''[[:d:Q209270|Appenzell]]'' | data-sort-value="1513" | 1513 | 16585 | 172.48 ciliméadar cearnach | [[an Ghearmáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 5 | [[Íomhá:Coat of arms of Kanton Basel-Landschaft.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q12146|cantún Basel-Landschaft]]'' | BL | [[Liestal]] | data-sort-value="1833" | 1833 | 298837 | 517.67 ciliméadar cearnach | [[an Ghearmáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 6 | [[Íomhá:Wappen Basel-Stadt matt.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q12172|cantún Basel-Stadt]]'' | BS | [[Basel]] | data-sort-value="1833" | 1833 | 200031 | 36.95 ciliméadar cearnach | [[an Ghearmáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 7 | [[Íomhá:CHE Bern BE COA.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q11911|cantún Bern]]'' | BE | [[Beirn]] | data-sort-value="1353" | 1353 | 1063533 | 5959 ciliméadar cearnach | ''[[:d:Q1366643|Ard-Ghearmáinis na hEilvéise]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1480152|Swiss French]]'' |- | style='text-align:right'| 8 | [[Íomhá:Wappen Freiburg matt.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q12640|cantún Fribourg]]'' | FR | [[Fribourg]] | data-sort-value="1481" | 1481 | 341537 | 1671.36 ciliméadar cearnach | [[an Fhraincis]]<br/>[[an Ghearmáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 9 | [[Íomhá:CHE Kanton Glarus COA.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q11922|cantún Glarus]]'' | GL | [[Glarus]] | data-sort-value="1352" | 1352 | 42056 | 685.3 ciliméadar cearnach | [[an Ghearmáinis]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1366643|Ard-Ghearmáinis na hEilvéise]]'' |- | style='text-align:right'| 10 | [[Íomhá:CHE Graubünden COA.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q11925|cantún Graubünden]]'' | GR | [[Chur]] | data-sort-value="1496" | 1496 | 204888 | 7105.39 ciliméadar cearnach | [[an Rómainis]]<br/>[[an Iodáilis]]<br/>[[an Ghearmáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 11 | [[Íomhá:CHE Jura COA.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q12755|cantún Jura]]'' | JU | [[Delémont]] | data-sort-value="1979" | 1979-01-01 | 74548 | 838.51 ciliméadar cearnach | [[an Fhraincis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 12 | [[Íomhá:CHE Luzern COA.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q12121|cantún Lucerne]]'' | LU | [[Luzern]] | data-sort-value="1332" | 1332 | 432744 | 1493.51 ciliméadar cearnach | [[an Ghearmáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 13 | [[Íomhá:CHE Canton de Neuchâtel COA.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q12738|cantún Neuchâtel]]'' | NE | [[Neuchâtel (cathair)|Neuchâtel]] | data-sort-value="1034" | 1034 | 178291 | 802.24 ciliméadar cearnach | [[an Fhraincis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 14 | [[Íomhá:Wappen Nidwalden matt.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q12592|cantún Nidwalden]]'' | NW | ''[[:d:Q63931|Stans]]'' | data-sort-value="1291" | 1291 | 45016 | 275.85 ciliméadar cearnach | ''[[:d:Q1366643|Ard-Ghearmáinis na hEilvéise]]'' |- | style='text-align:right'| 15 | [[Íomhá:Wappen Obwalden matt.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q12573|cantún Obwalden]]'' | OW | ''[[:d:Q63964|Sarnen]]'' | data-sort-value="1291" | 1291 | 39272 | 490.58 ciliméadar cearnach | ''[[:d:Q1366643|Ard-Ghearmáinis na hEilvéise]]'' |- | style='text-align:right'| 16 | [[Íomhá:Wappen Schaffhausen matt.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q12697|cantún Schaffhausen]]'' | SH | [[Schaffhausen]] | data-sort-value="1501" | 1501 | 87111 | 298.42 ciliméadar cearnach | [[an Ghearmáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 17 | [[Íomhá:Wappen Schwyz matt.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q12433|cantún Schwyz]]'' | SZ | [[Schwyz]] | data-sort-value="1240" | 1240 | 167403 | 907.88 ciliméadar cearnach | ''[[:d:Q1366643|Ard-Ghearmáinis na hEilvéise]]'' |- | style='text-align:right'| 18 | [[Íomhá:CHE Solothurn SO COA.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q11929|cantún Solothurn]]'' | SO | [[Solothurn]] | data-sort-value="1481" | 1481 | 286844 | 790.45 ciliméadar cearnach | [[an Ghearmáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 19 | [[Íomhá:Coat of arms of canton of St. Gallen.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q12746|cantún St. Gallen]]'' | SG | [[Sankt Gallen]] | data-sort-value="1803" | 1803 | 535114 | 2030.75 ciliméadar cearnach | ''[[:d:Q1366643|Ard-Ghearmáinis na hEilvéise]]'' |- | style='text-align:right'| 20 | [[Íomhá:Wappen Thurgau matt.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q12713|cantún Thurgau]]'' | TG | [[Frauenfeld]] | data-sort-value="1803" | 1803 | 295220 | 991.77 ciliméadar cearnach | [[an Ghearmáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 21 | [[Íomhá:CHE Ticino COA.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q12724|cantún Ticino]]'' | TI | [[Bellinzona]] | data-sort-value="1803" | 1803 | 358903 | 2812.15 ciliméadar cearnach | [[an Iodáilis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 22 | [[Íomhá:Wappen Uri matt.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q12404|cantún Uri]]'' | UR | ''[[:d:Q68150|Altdorf]]'' | data-sort-value="1291" | 1291 | 37931 | 1076.57 ciliméadar cearnach | ''[[:d:Q1366643|Ard-Ghearmáinis na hEilvéise]]''<br/>[[an Ghearmáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 23 | [[Íomhá:CHE Valais COA.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q834|cantún Valais]]'' | VS | [[Sion]] | data-sort-value="1815" | 1815 | 365844 | 5224.5 ciliméadar cearnach | [[an Fhraincis]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1366643|Ard-Ghearmáinis na hEilvéise]]''<br/>[[an Ghearmáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 24 | [[Íomhá:CHE Vaud COA.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q12771|cantún Vaud]]'' | VD | [[Lausanne]] | data-sort-value="1803" | 1803 | 845870 | 3211.94 ciliméadar cearnach | [[an Fhraincis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 25 | [[Íomhá:Wappen Zug matt.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q11933|cantún Zug]]'' | ZG | [[Zug (cathair)|Zug]] | data-sort-value="1352" | 1352 | 132556 | 238.73 ciliméadar cearnach | [[an Ghearmáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 26 | [[Íomhá:CHE Zürich COA.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q11943|cantún Zürich]]'' | ZH | [[Zürich]] | data-sort-value="1351" | 1351 | 1620020 | 1729 ciliméadar cearnach | [[an Ghearmáinis]] |- | style='text-align:right'| 27 | [[Íomhá:CHE Canton de Genève écu seul COA.svg|center|128px]] | ''[[:d:Q11917|cantún na Ginéive]]'' | GE | [[an Ghinéiv]] | data-sort-value="1815" | 1815 | 524410 | 282.49 ciliméadar cearnach | [[an Fhraincis]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1480152|Swiss French]]'' |} {{Wikidata list end}} == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} [[Catagóir:Cantúin na hEilvéise| ]] [[Catagóir:Fo-ranna na hEilvéise]] [[Catagóir:Liosta d'fhoranna na hEilvéise|Cantúin]] [[Catagóir:Ranna riaracháin san Eoraip|An Eilvéis 1]] [[Catagóir:Ranna riaracháin den chéad leibhéal de réir tíre|Cantúin, an Eilvéis]] [[Catagóir:Liosta d'áiteanna a bhfuil cónaí ann san Eilvéis]] 0v8z4w579x017hpzljddwn0g7f9rbja 0 101838 1322922 1314330 2026-08-06T13:33:28Z Conradder 34685 cat 1322922 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine|nacionalitat=Éireannach}} Is polaiteoir poblachtach Éireannach i dTuaisceart Éireann é '''Declan Kearney''' (rugadh 19 Nollaig 1964) atá ina Chathaoirleach Náisiúnta reatha ar [[Sinn Féin|Shinn Féin]]. Bhí Kearney ina Aire Sóisearach i bhFeidhmeannas Thuaisceart Éireann ó 2020 go 2022, agus ina [[Comhalta den Tionól Reachtach (Tuaisceart Éireann)|Chomhalta den Tionól Reachtach]] d' [[Aontroim Theas (Toghcheantar Tionóil)|Aontroim Theas]] ó 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |teideal=Declan Kearney MLA |url=https://www.sinnfein.ie/declan-kearney |access-date=2024-04-22 |website=Sinn Féin |quote=Currently he is the Sinn Féin National Chairperson and has been central to the Party’s all-Ireland development, and its negotiations and reconciliation strategies.}}</ref>e nuair a toghadh é. ==Cúlra== As [[Contae Aontroma|Aontroim]] ó dhúchas dó, is mac le Oliver agus Brigid (née Totten) Kearney é. Chónaigh sé i n[[Doire]] tráth a thoghtha.<ref>{{cite news |teideal=Four SF city SPADS include bomber |url=http://www.londonderrysentinel.co.uk/news/londonderry-news/four-sf-city-spads-include-bomber-1-3859943 |work=Londonderry Sentinel |date=23 May 2012 |access-date=7 May 2016 |archive-date=1 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601160915/http://www.londonderrysentinel.co.uk/news/londonderry-news/four-sf-city-spads-include-bomber-1-3859943 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sular toghadh é mar CTR, bhí Kearney ina Chathaoirleach Náisiúnta ar Shinn Féin, agus ina cháil sin ghabh sé leithscéal as na saolta ar fad a cailleadh le linn na d[[Na Trioblóidí|Trioblóidí]]. <ref>{{cite news |teideal=Sinn Féin chairman Declan Kearney 'sorry' for all Troubles victims |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-politics-34069960 |website=BBC News |date=27 August 2015 |access-date=15 May 2022}}</ref> Is mac céile é a dheartháir, Ciarán Kearney, fear céile Jane (née Donaldson), leis an óglach de chuid [[An tIRA Sealadach|na Sealadach]] nach maireann agus leis an bpolaiteoir de chuid Shinn Féin [[Denis Donaldson]], a feallmharaíodh in aice leis [[Na Gleannta|na Gleannta]] i g[[Contae Dhún na nGall]] tar éis dó a bheith nochta mar ghníomhaire Briotanach.<ref>{{cite news |teideal=Anatomy of murder |url=http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/opinion/news-analysis/anatomy-of-murder-28607642.html |newspaper=Belfast Telegraph |date=15 April 2011 |access-date=3 June 2017}}</ref> Toghadh Kearney mar dhuine de sheisear Chomhalta den [[Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann|Tionól Reachtach]] d'[[Aontroim Theas (Toghcheantar Tionóil)|Aontroim Theas]] i dtoghchán an Tionóil 2016 <ref>{{Cite news |last=McKeown |first=Gareth |date=2016-05-09 |teideal=DUP candidates take three seats in South Antrim |url=https://www.irishnews.com/news/assemblyelection/2016/05/09/news/dup-take-three-seats-in-south-antrim-513314/ |access-date=2024-04-22 |work=The Irish News |quote=Elected: Paul Girvan (DUP), Pam Cameron (DUP), Declan Kearney (SF), David Ford (Alliance), Steve Aiken (UUP) and Trevor Clarke (DUP).}}</ref> , agus a shuíochán á choinneáil aige i dtoghcháin 2017 agus 2022.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kula |first=Adam |date=2022-05-12 |teideal=ELECTION 2022: South Antrim – Sinn Fein’s all-Ireland chairman Declan Kearney trounces all to seize seat |url=https://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/politics/election-2022-south-antrim-sinn-feins-all-ireland-chairman-declan-kearney-trounces-all-to-seize-seat-3684392 |access-date=2024-04-22 |work=The Newsletter}}</ref> Ceapadh é ina Aire Sóisearach i bhFeidhmeannas Thuaisceart Éireann ina dhiaidh sin, tar éis athbhunú an Tionóil i mí Eanáir 2020 <ref>{{Cite news |last=Manley |first=John |date=2020-01-13 |teideal=John O'Dowd misses out on executive seat |url=https://www.irishnews.com/news/northernirelandnews/2020/01/13/news/john-o-dowd-misses-out-on-executive-seat-as-declan-kearney-and-gordon-lyons-are-appointed-junior-ministers-1812214/ |access-date=2024-04-22 |work=The Irish News |quote=SINN Féin national chairman Declan Kearney has been appointed as a Stormont junior minister alongside the DUP's assembly chief whip Gordon Lyons.}}</ref>; agus d'fhan sé sa phost seo go dtí mí na Bealtaine 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |teideal=MLA Details: Mr Declan Kearney |url=http://www.niassembly.gov.uk/ |access-date=2024-04-22 |website=www.niassembly.gov.uk |language=en-GB}}</ref> Is comhalta de [[Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann|Thionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann]] é '''Declan Kearney''' (a rugadh ar [[19 Nollaig]] [[1964]]).<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://twitter.com/declankearneysf|teideal=Twitter|údar=Declan Kearney|dáta=Meitheamh 2022|language=en|work=Twitter|dátarochtana=2022-06-01}}</ref><ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://fr-fr.facebook.com/declankearneysf/|teideal=Facebook|údar=Declan Kearney|dáta=Meitheamh 2022|dátarochtana=1/6/2022}}</ref> Seasann sé in [[Aontroim Theas (Toghcheantar Tionóil)|Aontroim Theas]]. === Gaeilgeoir === Bhíodh Kearney ag teagasc Gaeilge in áiteanna éagsúla i ndeisceart chontae Aontroma agus thóg sé a chlann féin go dátheangach. Cloistear Kearney ar na meáin Ghaeilge ó am go chéile.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/ce-hiad-na-cainteoiri-liofa-gaeilge-a-toghadh-chuig-stormont/|teideal=Cé hiad na cainteoirí líofa Gaeilge a toghadh chuig Stormont?|údar=Meadhbh Ní Eadhra|dáta=Bealtaine 2022|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2022-05-31}}</ref> == Féach freisin == * [[Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann]] == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1964]] [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Baill Shinn Féin]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Chúigiú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2016-2017)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Séú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2017-2022)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Seachtú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann]] [[Catagóir:Daoine as Contae Aontroma]] [[Catagóir:Fir]] [[Catagóir:Gaeilgeoirí]] [[Catagóir:Airí sóisearacha (Tuaisceart Éireann)]] 4jdhzhphy4q48tqbsrxkoi23s4uxisx 0 101962 1322925 1314456 2026-08-06T13:34:08Z Conradder 34685 cat 1322925 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}} Is polaiteoir [[aontachtach]] í '''Pam Cameron''' (a rugadh ar an [[30 Nollaig]] [[1971]], ar a dtugtaí '''Pam Lewis''' tráth, née '''Pamela Brown'''). Is ball í de [[Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach|Pháirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach]]. Is [[Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann|Comhalta den Tionól Reachtach]] í d'[[Aontroim Theas (Toghcheantar Tionóil)|Aontroim Theas]], ó 2011 ar aghaidh <ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=http://aims.niassembly.gov.uk/mlas/details.aspx?&aff=2406&per=289&sel=1&ind=2&prv=0|teideal=The Northern Ireland Assembly|language=en-GB|work=www.niassembly.gov.uk|dátarochtana=2022-06-07}}</ref>. == Saol pearsanta == Tá sí pósta le Michael Cameron. Bhí sí pósta le Ian Lewis roimhe sin<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/love-cheat-dup-mla-pam-lewis-dumps-husband-28630769.html|teideal=Love cheat DUP MLA Pam Lewis dumps husband|dáta=2011-05-07|language=en-GB|work=Belfast Telegraph|dátarochtana=2022-06-07}}</ref>. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Síol-ni}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cameron, Pam}} [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1971]] [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Cheathrú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2011-2016)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Chúigiú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2016-2017)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Séú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2017-2022)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Seachtú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann]] [[Catagóir:Mná Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Polaiteoirí Aontachtacha]] [[Catagóir:Airí sóisearacha (Tuaisceart Éireann)]] sjyvr32w7zqvxqvt0m19x2sp71rlluu 0 102571 1322926 1314450 2026-08-06T13:34:43Z Conradder 34685 cat 1322926 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}} Is polaiteoir [[aontachtach]] í '''Joanne Bunting''' (a rugadh ar an [[7 Meitheamh]] [[1974]]). Is ball í de [[Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach|Pháirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach]]. Is [[Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann|Comhalta den Tionól Reachtach]] é do [[Béal Feirste Thoir (Toghcheantar Tionóil)|Bhéal Feirste Thoir]], ó 2016 ar aghaidh <ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=http://aims.niassembly.gov.uk/mlas/details.aspx?&aff=18838&per=5785&sel=1&ind=1&prv=0|teideal=The Northern Ireland Assembly|language=en-GB|work=www.niassembly.gov.uk|dátarochtana=2022-06-29}}</ref>. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Síol-ni}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bunting, Joanne}} [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1974]] [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Chúigiú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2016-2017)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Séú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2017-2022)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Seachtú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann]] [[Catagóir:Daoine as Béal Feirste]] [[Catagóir:Mná Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Polaiteoirí Aontachtacha]] [[Catagóir:Airí sóisearacha (Tuaisceart Éireann)]] h6vik3j37epshfgonwqtf42o6fuwfil 0 103205 1322916 1314470 2026-08-06T13:31:16Z Conradder 34685 +cat 1322916 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}} Is [[polaiteoir]] de chuid [[Tuaisceart Éireann|Thuaisceart Éireann]] é '''Gary Middleton'''. Rugadh é ar [[20 Meitheamh]] [[1990]] sa [[Baile Nua]], [[Contae Dhoire]]. Is ball den [[Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach|Pháirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach]] é. Ba Chomhalta den [[Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann|Tionól Reachtach]] é don [[An Feabhal (Toghcheantar Tionóil)|Fheabhal]], ó 2015 go dtí 2026<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=http://aims.niassembly.gov.uk/mlas/details.aspx?&aff=18744&per=5043&sel=1&ind=11&prv=1|teideal=The Northern Ireland Assembly|language=en-GB|work=www.niassembly.gov.uk|dátarochtana=2022-07-21}}</ref>. == Cúlra == Is as [[Baile Nua]], [[Contae Dhoire]] é. Rinne sé staidéar [[ríomheolaíocht|ríomheolaíochta]] ar [[Ollscoil Uladh]] agus fuair sé dioplóma sa cheannasaíocht chathartha agus pleanáil phobail ón institiúid chéanna. Sula raibh sé ina Chomhalta, d'oibrigh Middleton do [[Willie Hay]], mar chúntóir, agus [[Maurice Devenney]] ina ndiaidh sin. Sa bhliain 2011, comhthoghadh Middleton ar [[Comhairle Cathrach Dhoire|Chomhairle Cathrach Dhoire]], nuair a bhí sé 20 bliain d'aois, a tháinig sé in ionad Willam Hay. B'eisean an leasmhéara ó mhí Meithimh 2013 go dtí mí Márta 2015 fosta. Sa bhliain 2014, toghadh Middleton ar an sár-chomhairle nua, [[Comhairle Chathair Dhoire agus Cheantar an tSratha Báin]], agus ceapadh ina cheannaire grúpa de na comhairleoirí PAD é. I mí Aibreáin 2015, thóg Middleton áit Maurice Devenny ar an [[Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann]] trí chomhthoghadh. Bhí sé 24 bliana d'aois, mar sin, ba é Middleton an ball is óige sa Tionól. Atoghadh in [[Toghchán Chomhthionól Thuaisceart Éireann 2016|2016]], [[Toghchán Chomhthionól Thuaisceart Éireann 2017|2017]] agus [[Toghchán Chomhthionól Thuaisceart Éireann 2022|2022]] é Sheas Middleton san Olltoghchán, 2015 don [[An Feabhal (Toghcheantar na Ríochta Aontaithe)|Fheabhal]]. Fuair sé 4,573 vóta agus fuair sé an tríú háit. Sheas sé arís sa [[Olltoghchán na Ríochta Aontaithe, 2017|bhliain 2017]] agus fuair sé 7,398 vóta agus tháinig sé sa tríú háit. San [[Olltoghchán na Ríochta Aontaithe, 2019|Olltoghchán 2019]], fuair Middleton 4,773 vóta agus bhí sa tríú háit. Tháinig sé tríú háit arís [[Olltoghchán na Ríochta Aontaithe, 2024|Olltoghchán 2014]] a bhfuair sé 3,915 vóta. Rinneadh Middleton ina Aire Sóisearach in [[Oifig an Fheidhmeannais]] go sealadach ar dtús, agus, go buan ó mhí Meithimh 2021. D'éirigh Middleton as an Tionól ar 10 Aibreán 2026, a luaigh sé a mheabhairshláinte<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c0le75ddd6xo|teideal=Gary Middleton: DUP MLA steps down over 'significant' mental health challenges|údar=Jayne McCormack|dáta=2026-04-09|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|dátarochtana=2026-04-13}}</ref> Thóg a bhean cheile, [[Julie Middleton|Julie]], a áit.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c3w3l7vwvlxo|teideal=Julie Middleton replaces husband Gary as Foyle MLA|dáta=2026-04-13|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|dátarochtana=2026-04-13}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Síol-ni}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Middleton, Gary}} [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1990]] [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Alumni Ollscoil Uladh]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Cheathrú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2011-2016)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Chúigiú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2016-2017)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Séú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2017-2022)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Seachtú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann]] [[Catagóir:Daoine as Contae Dhoire]] [[Catagóir:Fir]] [[Catagóir:Polaiteoirí Aontachtacha]] [[Catagóir:An Feabhal (toghcheantar na Ríochta Aontaithe)]] [[Catagóir:Airí sóisearacha (Tuaisceart Éireann)]] jmtbetmnzrputqb32gjui7gtdgxh677 14 106000 1323274 1120981 2026-08-07T09:25:58Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323274 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Aves]] 6b11zgl6t7rbd0med2ak0mfn0oh9lg4 1323286 1323274 2026-08-07T09:37:24Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323286 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Catagóir:Aves]] eor8534hup8w6hsjjzlani5skaps6df 14 106057 1323283 1293455 2026-08-07T09:31:07Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323283 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Aves]] rmqfu5a5xa2tf43e69yybl13uew54hx 0 106651 1323122 1205606 2026-08-06T21:04:48Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323122 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is ceolaire de chuid an tSean-Domhain é '''an ceolaire feanearrach'''<ref name="Tearma">{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Cisticola%20juncidis/|title=“Cisticola juncidis” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-26}}</ref> (''Cisticola juncidis'') le fáil go forleathan agus a n-áirítear a raon pórúcháin i ndeisceart na hEorpa, san Afraic (lasmuigh de na fásaigh agus an fhoraois bháistí), agus i nideisceart na hÁise anuas go dtí dtuaisceart na hAstráile. Éan beag a fhaightear go príomha i bhféarthailte, is fearr é a aithint trína gheadán ruadhonn; chomh maith leis sin, níl dath an óir ar bith ar a choiléar agus tá teascán bán ar a eireaball scothdhonn. Le linn shéasúr an ghoir, bíonn taispeáint eitilte 'anonn is anall' ag na fireannaigh in éineacht le glaonna rialta "zitting" a cuireadh i gcomparáid le cúpla scor den deimheas. Tógann siad a nead phúitse ar crochadh laistigh de thomóg féir. == Tacsanomaíocht agus córasach == [[Íomhá:Zitting_Cisticola_(Cisticola_juncidis)_4.jpg|mion| ''C. j. uropygialis'' (Dacár, an tSeineagáil)]] Rinne an nádúraí Constantine Samuel Rafinesque cur síos ar an gceolaire feanearrach sa bhliain 1810, agus tugadh an t-ainm déthéarmach ''Sylvia juncidis'' air. Is é Campofelice di Roccella sa t[[An tSicil|Sicil]] an saindúiche atá aige.<ref>{{Cite book-en|author=Rafinesque|first=Constantine Samuel|author-link=Constantine Samuel Rafinesque|year=1810|title=Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia|language=it|location=Palermo|publisher=Per le stampe di Sanfilippo|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47825957}}</ref><ref name="Check-list">{{Cite book-en|year=1986|title=Check-list of Birds of the World. Volume 11|volume=11|publisher=Museum of Comparative Zoology|location=Cambridge, Massachusetts|pages=114–117|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14483815|via=Biodiversity Heritage Library}}</ref> Tagann an t-ainm géinis reatha ''Cisticola'' ó ''kisthos'' na [[An tSean-Ghréigis|Sean-Ghréigise]], "rós carraige ", agus ''colere'' na [[An Laidin|Laidine]]," cónaigh ". Tagann an téarma sonrach ''juncidis'' ón Laidin freisin. agus is ainm ceana de ''iuncus'' "giolcach " é.<ref name="job">{{Cite book-en|author=Jobling|first=James A.|year=2010|title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names|url=https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling|publisher=Christopher Helm|location=London|isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4|pages=[https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n109 109, 212]}}</ref> Ar fud a raon leathan dáileacháin, tugadh faoi deara roinnt athruithe ar a líonta agus aithnítear an oiread agus 18 fospeiceas. Tá difríocht bheag eatarthu ó thaobh glaonna, cluimhreach agus méide de agus measadh gur speicis iomlána cuid acu i roinnt cóireálacha tacsanomaíocha. Tá an fhoirm ainmniúil le fáil i ndeisceart na Fraince, na Gréige, na Tuirce, na Sicile, na Corsaice agus na hÉigipte agus tá an ''cisticola'' in iarthar na Portaingéile agus sa Spáinn. Tá an''neuroticus'' sa Phalaistín, san tSiria, san Iaráic agus san Iaráin, agus tá ''uropygialis'' san Afraice thuaidh agus thoir agus ''perennius'' (níos faide ó dheas). Tá ''terrestris'' sa Ghabúin, in Angóla, agus i ndeisceart na hAfraice. Ní thaispeánann na ''salimalii'', an líon i nGat Thiar na hIndia, athrú séasúrach ar fhad eireaball mar atá sna ''cursitans'' ar mhachairí na hIndia agus ar an gcrios tirim i Shrí Lanca, a bhfuil eireaball níos faide aige sa séasúr neamhphóraithe. Tá anlíon ''malaya''le fáil i ndeisceart Oirdheisceart na hÁise, ''tinnabulans'' níos faide ó thuaidh i ndeisceart na Síne agus tá ''brunniceps'' le fáil sa Chóiré agus sa tSeapáin. I measc na líonta eile tá ''nigrostriatus'' (Na hOileáin Fhilipíneacha), ''constans'' (an tSulaivéis), ''fuscicapilla'' (Java Thoir), ''leanyeri'' (tuaisceart na hAstráile), ''normani'' (iarthuaisceart Queensland) agus ''laveryi'' (oirthuaisceart na hAstráile). Roinntear an géineas seo uaireanta le ghéinis éagsúla eile de chuid na gceolairí theas agus tugtar stádas na fine dó mar ''Cisticolidae''. Tugadh an ceolaire feanearrach ar an speiceas seo roimhe seo, ach tugann an t-ainm reatha comhsheasmhacht leis an iliomad speiceas cisticola trópaiceach, chomh maith le mearbhall a sheachaint le speiceas Meiriceánach darbh ainm an ceolaire feanearrach freisin. ==Tagairtí== {{Reflist}} [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1810]] m1o59czgfka8mavqbvt32oi03zp3uah 0 106763 1323104 1155751 2026-08-06T20:51:42Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323104 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is éan de chuid an fhofhine [[Tetraonini]] í an '''chearc shailí''', nó '''cearc fhraoigh na sailí''' (''Lagopus lagopus'').<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/Lagopus%20lagopus/|title=“Lagopus lagopus” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Fospeiceas dá chuid is ea í an [[cearc fhraoigh|chearc fhraoigh]] féin. == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} [[Catagóir:Galliformes]] [[Catagóir:Phasianidae]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] rdk2uaew00ogg9lqdv9ftqi6ntzzo2e 0 108010 1323225 1138183 2026-08-07T07:43:02Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323225 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[Fine (bitheolaíocht)|fine]] éan iad '''na cruidíní''', ar a dtugtar na h'''Alcedinidae''' san ord [[Coraciiformes]]. Éin bheaga nó mheánmhéide iad a bhfuil dathanna geala orthu. Tá [[dáileadh cosmapolaiteach]] acu, an chuid is mó de na speicis le fáil i réigiúin trópaiceacha na hAfraice, na hÁise, agus na hAigéine, cé go bhfaightear iad san Eoraip freisin. Bíonn siad le feiceáil i bhforaoisí doimhne in aice le linnte ciúine agus aibhneacha beaga. Tá 116 speiceas san fhine, i dtrí fhofhine agus 19 [[géineas]]. Cloigne móra, goba fada bioracha, cosa gearra, agus eireabaill giortacha. Bíonn clúmh feiceálach ar fhormhór na speiceas, gan ach difríochtaí beaga idir na hinscní. De ghnáth, is é an “cruidín coitianta”, ''[[Murlach mara|Alcedo atthis]]'' (ar a dtugtar an “murlach mara” freisin), atá i gceist nuair a úsáidtear an téarma “cruidín” i nGaeilge. [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] n9k9gegckfr5z08h5ivjcury8c3fbz4 0 110659 1323236 1322782 2026-08-07T07:57:56Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323236 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[cruidín crainn]] dúdhonn é an '''[[cúcabarra]] sluasaidghobach''' (''Dacelo rex'') atá thart ar 33cm (13 orlach) i bhfad agus a bhfuil gob trom gearr leathan air nach bhfuil a mhacasamhail le fáil ar aon chruidín eile. Tá ceann dorcha le stríoc ruadhonn taobh thiar dá súile agus tá clár éadain an éin níos éadroime le dath dearg air. Tosaíonn stríoc beag oráiste atá an-fheiceálach ag súile an éin agus críochnaíonn sé ag a chluasa. Tá a scornach bhán agus tá coiléar muinéil agus íochtar ruadhonn air. geadán gléghorm, [[imreasc]] donn, [[gob]] donn-dubh(is minic cuma dhonn a bheith ar an ghob iomlán de bharr cré) le mandabal níos éadroime agus cosa éadroma air. Tá cuma an-chosúil le chéile ar an dá ghnéas ach is féidir brath ar dhath an eireabaill chun idirdhealú a dhéanamh orthu. Tá eireaball gorm dorcha ar an fhireannach agus ceann ruadhonn ar an bhaineannach. Tá cuma bhaineannach ar [[Clúmh|chlúmh]] an éin óig le cleití a bhfuil pátrún gainne orthu<ref name=":0">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Shovel-billed Kookaburra (Dacelo rex), version 1.0|url=https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/shbkoo1/cur/introduction|journal=Birds of the World|date=2020|issn=2771-3105|doi=10.2173/bow.shbkoo1.01species_shared.bow.project_name|language=en|author=P. F. Woodall}}</ref>. == Rangú == Is é an t-éaneolaí Briotanach Richard Bowdler a rinne an chéad chur síos ar an speiceas seo sa bhliain 1880 agus rangaigh sé sa [[Géineas|ghéineas]] mhonaitíopach ''Clytoceyx'' inar fhan sé ina specieas aonarach go dtí an bhliain 2017 é<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=The Annals and magazine of natural history; zoology, botany, and geology|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/81219|publisher=Taylor and Francis, Ltd|date=1880|location=London|volume=ser.5:v.6=no.31-36 (1880)}}</ref>. Ceapadh gurb é an cúcabarra sluasaidghobach an t-aon ionadaí den [[Géineas|ghéineas]] ''Clytoceyx'' sular léirigh staidéar filighiniteach móilíneach a foilsíodh in 2017 gur speiceas deirféar é leis an chúcabarra bhreac laistigh den ghéineas ''Dacelo''<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=A phylogeny of kingfishers reveals an Indomalayan origin and elevated rates of diversification on oceanic islands|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jbi.13139|journal=Journal of Biogeography|date=2018-02|issn=0305-0270|pages=269–281|volume=45|issue=2|doi=10.1111/jbi.13139|language=en|author=Michael J. Andersen, Jenna M. McCullough, William M. Mauck, Brian Tilston Smith, Robert G. Moyle}}</ref>. D'athrangaigh an [[Chomhdháil Éaneolaíoch Idirnáisiúnta]] é sa ghéineas ''Dacelo'' in 2023 agus is comhchiallach é ''Clytoceyx'' de ''Dacelo'' ó shin i leith<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/bow/rollers/|teideal=Rollers, ground rollers, kingfishers – IOC World Bird List|work=www.worldbirdnames.org|dátarochtana=03-02-2023}}</ref><ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Michael J. Andersen, Jenna M. McCullough, William M. Mauck III, Brian Tilston Smith, Robert G. Moyle|date=2017|title=A phylogeny of kingfishers reveals an Indomalayan origin and elevated rates of diversification on oceanic islands.|issue=45(2)|doi=10.1111/jbi.13139|publisher=Journal of Biogeography}}</ref>. == Tacsanomaíocht == Is éan [[eindéimeach]] de bhunadh [[An Nua-Ghuine|na Nua-Ghuine]] é an cúcabarra sluasaidghobach<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Birds of New Guinea: Distribution, Taxonomy, and Systematics|url=https://books.google.ie/books?id=wRR1CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA226&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Princeton University Press|date=2016-03-29|language=en|author=Bruce M. Beehler, Thane K. Pratt}}</ref>. Ní aithnítear aon fhospeicis toisc go bhfuil na difríochtaí clúimh idir an dá chine ''imperator'' agus ''septentrionalis'' an-bheag. Faightear an t-éan seo i gcoillte cnoic de ghnáth ach tá taifid den éan seo ó [[leibhéal na mara]] suas go hairde 2400m (7850tr)<ref name=":1">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22683202/92978611|teideal=Clytoceyx rex|údar=BirdLife International|coauthors=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species|dáta=2016|doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22683202A92978611|dátarochtana=11-11-2021}}</ref>. Faigheann an cúcabarra sluasaidghobach a chuid bia i láib nó i dtalamh tais. Péist talún, seilidí, ciaróga, laghairteanna agus feithidí is mó atá i gceist le réim bia an éin seo. Tá sé neamhfheiceálach agus ní minic a fheictear é. Tá seans maith ann gur ainmhí leath-[[Ainmhí clapsholais|chlapsholais]] é an cúcabarra sluasaidghobach<ref name=":0" />. == Caomhantas == Éan forleathan ach neamhchoitianta is ea an cúcabarra sluasaidghobach atá le fáil i gcuid mhaith den Nua-Ghuine agus meastar an t-éan seo a bheith ina [[speiceas is lú imní]] dar le [[Liosta Dearg an AICD|Liosta Dearg]] de Speicis faoi Bhagairt an [[An tAontas Idirnáisiúnta do Chaomhnú an Dúlra|Aontais Idirnáisiúnta do Chaomhnú an Dúlra]] toisc nach bhfuil aon shainbhagairt aithnithe<ref name=":1" />. == Tagairtí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Naisc sheachtracha == <templatestyles src="Module:Side box/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Catcómhaoin|Dacelo rex}} * [http://www.xeno-canto.org/species/Dacelo-rex Xeno-canto: taifeadtaí fuaime den chúcabarra shluasaidghobach] {{Halcyoninae}}{{Taxonbar}} [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] [[Catagóir:Dacelo]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1880]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na Nua-Ghuine]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas is lú imní de chuid an AICD]] izg485u2gizwvf8eyojjf8tqqycjbwj 0 111512 1323001 1197916 2026-08-06T17:01:56Z Ériugena 188 Bhog Ériugena an leathanach [[Spóracarp (fungas)]] go [[Spórthoradh (fungas)]]: Níl an leagan 'Spóracarp' ar fáil ar Tearma.ieǃ 1197916 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Anatamaíocht}} [[Íomhá:Scarlet_elf_cap_cadnant_dingle.jpg|mion| Ascacarp de ''Sarcoscypha austriaca'']] Struchtúr ilcheallach is ea '''spóracarp''' [[Fungas|fungis]] (ar a dtugtar '''spórthoradh''', nó '''ball torthaithe''') ar a n-iompraítear struchtúir a tháirgeann [[Spór|spóir]], amhail baisidiamaí nó ascais iompartha. Is cuid den chéim ghnéasach de [[Timthriall na beatha|shaolré]] fungais é an spórthoradh <ref name=":0">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Maurice|first=Sundy|date=May 2021|title=Fungal sporocarps house diverse and host-specific communities of fungicolous fungi|journal=The ISME Journal|language=en|volume=15|issue=5|pages=1445–1457|doi=10.1038/s41396-020-00862-1|issn=1751-7370|pmc=8115690|pmid=33432137}}</ref> cé gur chomhartha sóirt an chuid eile den saolré fás fásúil mícéiliach agus [[Atáirgeadh éighnéasach|táirgeadh éighnéasach]] spór. ==Tagairtí== [[Catagóir:Míceolaíocht]] <references /> 98dhswq7kdglcj9tyoxo32nacs7ob65 1323029 1323001 2026-08-06T17:56:20Z Ériugena 188 1323029 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Anatamaíocht}} [[Íomhá:Scarlet_elf_cap_cadnant_dingle.jpg|mion| Ascacarp de ''Sarcoscypha austriaca'']] Struchtúr ilcheallach is ea '''spórthoradh''' (ar a dtugtar '''ball torthaithe''' freisin) na bhfungas a mbíonn struchtúir tháirgthe [[Spór|spóir]], amhail baisidiamaí nó ascais ar iompar orthu. Is cuid den chéim ghnéasach de [[Timthriall na beatha|shaolré]] fungas é an spórthoradh, <ref name=":0">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Maurice|first=Sundy|date=May 2021|title=Fungal sporocarps house diverse and host-specific communities of fungicolous fungi|journal=The ISME Journal|language=en|volume=15|issue=5|pages=1445–1457|doi=10.1038/s41396-020-00862-1|issn=1751-7370|pmc=8115690|pmid=33432137}}</ref> agus is iad fás fásúil an mhícéiliam agus táirgeadh spór [[Atáirgeadh éighnéasach|éighnéasach]] a shainíonn an chuid eile den saolré. Tugtar basidiocarp ar spórthoradh na bhaisidimícéite (Basidiomycota), agus is é ascocarp a thugtar ar spórthoradh Ascomycota. Tá go leor cruthanna agus moirfeolaíochtaí le fáil i mbaisideachairp agus ascacairp araon; tá ról tábhachtach ag na gnéithe seo i sainaithint agus tacsanomaíocht na bhfungas. ==Tagairtí== [[Catagóir:Míceolaíocht]] <references /> d5jj82u1kc18s0y66zb4ufvq92by5nt 0 113714 1323233 1322781 2026-08-07T07:55:13Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323233 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}}Is cruidín crainn gorm agus bán é an '''[[cúcabarra]] breac''' ('''''Dacelo tyro''''') ar a bhaistear an '''cruidín ollmhór Arúach''' fosta. Is speiceas [[cúcabarra]] gan iomrá é a fhaightear sna [[Leasríocht na n-Oileán Arú|hOileáin Arú]] agus [[sabhána agus talamh féaraigh Tras-Flaidh]] na [[Nua-Ghuine]] Theas. Níl mórán ar eolas faoi shaol teaghlaigh agus bitheolaíocht phóraithe an éin seo == Tacsanomaíocht == Aithnítear dhá fhospeiceas den éan seo: <ref name=":0">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters, and Rollers, by Hilary Fry, Kathie Fry, and Alan Harris [Review]|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.357170|journal=The Canadian field-naturalist|date=1993|issn=0008-3550|pages=384–385|volume=107|issue=3|doi=10.5962/p.357170|author=Roy John}}</ref> * ''D. t. tyro -'' na hOileáin Arúacha, an Indinéis * ''D. t. archboldi'' - An Nua-Ghuine == Cur síos == Fásann an cúcabarra breac suas go 33 cm (13 or) i bhfad; is minic na baineannaigh a bheith beagáinín níos mó ná na fireannaigh. <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://www.hbw.com/species/spangled-kookaburra-dacelo-tyro|title=Spangled Kookaburra (Dacelo tyro)|language=en|work=Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive|access-date=2019-01-31}}</ref> Tá sciatháin agus eireaball gealghorm, ucht agus bolg bán, súile dorcha agus ceann dubh bánbhallach air. Tá an [[gob]] uachtair dúliath agus tá an gob íochtair bán. Tá cuma na bhfireannach agus na mbaineannach an-chosúil le chéile. <ref name=":0" /> == Sanasaíocht agus Stair na Taighde == Rinne George Robert Gray an chéad chur síos ar an chúcabarra bhreac sa bhliain 1858 faoin ainm ''Dacelo tyro''. Bhailigh Alfred Russel Wallace an t-eiseamal speicis ar na hOileáin Arúacha.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=A list of the birds, with descriptions of new Species, obtained by Mr Alfred R. Wallace in the Aru and Ké Islands|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/32271683#page/237/mode/1up|publisher=Academic Press, Zoological Society of London|date=1858|location=Londain|volume=357|author=George Robert Gray|journal=Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London|issue=26|pages=lch. 171}}</ref> Is sa bhliain 1815 a thug William Elford Leach an géineas nua ''Dacelo'' isteach don chúcabarra gháiriteach (''Dacelo novaeguineae'' (Hermann, 1783)) (comhchiallach: ''Dacelo gigas'').<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=The zoological miscellany : being descriptions of new, or interesting animals|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/91182#page/221/mode/1up|publisher=Printed by B. McMillan for E. Nodder & Son and sold by all booksellers|date=1815|location=London|volume=v.2 (1815)|author=William Elford Leach, William Elford Leach, Frederick Polydore Nodder, Richard Polydore Nodder, George Shaw|language=Béarla|pages=lch. 125}}</ref> Is anagram den ghéineas ''Alcedo'' le [[Carl von Linné|Linnaeus]], 1758, é.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/key-to-scientific-names/search?q=Dacelo|teideal=The Key to Scientific Names - Birds of the World|language=en|work=birdsoftheworld.org|dátarochtana=2025-04-23}}</ref> Síolraíonn an t-ainm speicis ó [[Miotaseolaíocht|mhiotaseolaíocht]] [[Miotaseolaíocht na Gréige|na Gréige]] mar thagairt don nimfeach Tyro.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/key-to-scientific-names/search?q=tyro|teideal=The Key to Scientific Names - Birds of the World|language=en|work=birdsoftheworld.org|dátarochtana=2025-04-23}}</ref> Tugann ''Archiboldi'' ómós do Richard Archibold.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Austin Loomer Rand|date=1938|url=https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstreams/3e15cecc-6a80-463c-8ecd-5ed1e9b0d104/download|title=Results of the Archbold Expeditions No. 19 On some non-passerine New Guinea birds|journal=American Museum novitates|volume=990|pages=lch. 13|language=Béarla|location=Cathair Nua Eabhraic|publisher=The American Museum of Natural History}}</ref> == Litríocht == * George Robert Gray: ''A list of the birds, with descriptions of new Species, obtained by Mr Alfred R. Wallace in the Aru and Ké Islands''. In: ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London''. Eagrán 26, Ui. 357, 1858, lgh. 169–198 ([https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/32271683#page/237/mode/1up biodiversitylibrary.org]). * Colin Harrison, Alan Greensmith: ''Vögel: Mit mehr als 800 Arten und 2200 Abbildungen''. DK Verlag Dorling Kindersley, München 2005, [[:de:Spezial:ISBN-Suche/9783831007851|ISBN 978-3-8310-0785-1]].(as Gearmáinis) * William Elford Leach, Richard Polydore Nodder: ''The zoological miscellany: being descriptions of new, or interesting animals''. Eagrán 2. E. Nodder & Son, Londain 1815 ([https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/91182#page/221/mode/1up biodiversitylibrary.org]). * Austin Loomer Rand: ''Results of the Archbold Expeditions No. 19 On some non-passerine New Guinea birds''. In: ''American Museum novitates''. Ui. 990, 1938, lgh. 1–15 (Béarla, [https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstreams/3e15cecc-6a80-463c-8ecd-5ed1e9b0d104/download amnh.org] [PDF; 1.4 MB]). == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} == Naisc sheachtracha == {{Commonscat|Dacelo tyro|audio=0|video=0}} * [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/index.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=1093&m=0 Bileog Eolais ar Speicis BirdLife] {{Halcyoninae}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q716456}} [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] [[Catagóir:Dacelo]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1858]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na Nua-Ghuine]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na n-Oileán Arú]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas is lú imní de chuid an AICD]] 943qik04a8susu557l1l1magryfl4z8 0 113718 1323237 1322784 2026-08-07T07:58:19Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323237 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}}Is speiceas [[cúcabarra]] a fhaightear go forleathan i bhforaoisí ísealchríocha na [[Nua-Ghuine]] é an '''cúcabarra tarr-ruadhonn'''<ref name='Tearma'>{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.tearma.ie/q/c%FAcabarra%20tarr-ruadhonn/|title=“cúcabarra tarr-ruadhonn” {{!}} téarma.ie|publisher=[[An Coiste Téarmaíochta]]|work=[[Téarma.ie]]: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge|access-date=2024-05-16}}</ref> ''('''Dacelo gaudichaud''')''. Is é an luibheolaí Francach [[Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré]] a rinne an chéad chur síos ar an éan seo nuair a bhaist sé an t-ainm '''''kookaburra Gaudichaud''''' as a ainm féin air i dtosach báire. == Cur síos == Is éan dubhchaipíneach é le sciatháin a bhfuil imir ghorm orthu agus tá dath tarr-ruadhonn ar ucht agus eireaball an éin seo. Is féidir idirdhealú a dhéanamh idir é agus cúcabarraí eile agus gob bán air a fhad agus atá goba dubha ar na cúcabarraí eile.<ref name=":1">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters, and Rollers, by Hilary Fry, Kathie Fry, and Alan Harris [Review]|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.357170|journal=The Canadian field-naturalist|date=1993|issn=0008-3550|pages=384–385|volume=107|issue=3|doi=10.5962/p.357170|author=Roy John}}</ref> Tá gob dúliath ar na héin óga, áfach. Is féidir idirdhealú a dhéanamh idir an dá ghnéas amhail an [[cúcabarra gormeiteach]] trí fhaire ar dhath a n-eireaball atá gorm ar na fireannaigh agus tarr-ruadhonn ar na baineannaigh agus na héin óga. Tá an cúcabarra tarr-ruadhonn níos lú ná speicis chúcabarra<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420064452|date=2007-12-05|doi=10.1201/9781420064452|author=John B. Dunning Jr.}}</ref> eile agus é thart ar 143 g (5.0 unsa) agus 28 cm (11.0 or)<ref name=":2">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Birds of Singapore|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789811282027_0039|publisher=WORLD SCIENTIFIC|journal=Peace with Nature|date=2023-08|pages=307–314|author=Morten Strange, Bee Choo Strange}}</ref> i bhfad i gcomparáid le meáchan 335g (11.8 unsa) agus fad 46 cm (18.1 or) an [[Cúcabarra gáiriteach|chúcabarra gháiriteach]]. In ainneoin dhifríochtaí ollmhóra na méideanna, tá cáil ar an chúcabarra tarr-ruadhonn as na hibridí (neamhthorthúla) a chruthaíonn se le chuile speiceas chúcabarra eile,<ref name=":0">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=McCarthy, Sir Mortimer (Eugene), (7 July 1890–16 May 1967)|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u54579|publisher=Oxford University Press|journal=Who Was Who|date=2007-12-01}}</ref> cé go léiríonn staidéir ghéiniteacha gurb é an speiceas is faide amach den chúig speiceas cúcabarra.<ref name=":0" /> == Tacsanomaíocht == Tá an cúcabarra seo neamhghnách sa mhéid is go n-aimsítear i [[Foraois bháistí|bhforaoisí báistí]] dlútha (seachas an talamh oscailte ab fhearr le cúcabarraí eile) é agus nach mbíonn cónaí air i ngrúpaí teaghlaigh [[Pórú comhoibritheach|phóraithe chomhoibrithigh]] ach go haonarach nó i bpéirí agus iad ag pórú. Is féidir cúcabarraí tarr-ruadhonna a aimsiú i meánstór na foraoise báistí trópaicí, áit a eitlíonn siad go díreach agus go sciobtha óna fhara chun feithidí móra a ghabháil ó chrainn. <ref name=":2" /> In ainneoin a n-eitilte dírí, tá na cúcabarraí tarr-ruadhonna in ann cor agus casadh go géar timpeall na gcrann sa ghnáthóg is acu. Is eol dúinn go seilgeann siad veirteabraigh bheaga chomh maith ach ní ba mhinice ná na cúcabarraí coille agus is iomaí uaire a phlódaíonn éin níos lú timpeall orthu nuair a chreachann siad ar a gcuid uibheacha nó éan óg.<ref name=":1" /> Bíonn fireannaigh an-ionsaitheach agus iad ag cosaint a ndúiche a bhíonn méid idir 2 go 2.5 he (4.9 go 6.2 acra) ar an mheán agus is go foréigneach a throideann siad in aghaidh ionróirí. [[Íomhá:Sauromarptis_gaudichaudii_27.jpg|clé|mion| Creatlach]] === Pórú === Póraíonn an cúcabarra tarr-ruadhonn i ndumhaí teirmití cosúil lena ngaolta níos mó. Bíonn a gcuid póraithe ar siúl ó mhí Bealtaine go mí Dheireadh Fómhair ach ní minic a scaipeann na héin óga amach go dtí mí Feabhra agus ní aithnítear go ndéanann siad dara iarracht áil in aon bhliain amháin.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters, and Rollers, by Hilary Fry, Kathie Fry, and Alan Harris [Review]|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.357170|journal=The Canadian field-naturalist|date=1993|issn=0008-3550|pages=384–385|volume=107|issue=3|doi=10.5962/p.357170|author=Roy John}}</ref> Beirtear dhá ubh bána, cé nach eol fad na tréimhse goir dúinn. == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Commonscat|Dacelo gaudichaud|audio=0|video=0}} {{Halcyoninae}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q942119}} [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] [[Catagóir:Dacelo]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1824]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na Nua-Ghuine]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas is lú imní de chuid an AICD]] hn8warx1adnerisklb7nw3hq5p050jv 0 118819 1323234 1322783 2026-08-07T07:56:03Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323234 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo|sinonims=''Dacelo gigas''}} [[Íomhá:Laughing_kookaburra_plate_663_Planches_enluminées_d'histoire_naturelle.jpg|deas|mion| Pláta daite leis an eochair eolais mhícheart a d’úsáid [[Johann Hermann]] agus [[Pieter Boddaert]] araon]] [[Íomhá:Kookaburra-making-hollow-in-arboreal-termite-nest_1.jpg|mion| Cúcabarra gáiriteach ag déanamh log i gcomhair neide i nead chrannach teirmíte.]] Is éan é an '''[[cúcabarra]] gáiriteach''' ('''''Dacelo novaeguineae''''') i bhfofhine na [[Cruidín|gcruidíní]] [[Cruidín crainn|Halcyoninae]]. Is cruidín mór láidir é le ceann bán agus stríoc súile dhonn<ref name=":0" /> Tá na codanna uachtaracha dá gcoirp dúdhonn don chuid is mó ach tá scead ghealghorm bhreac ar na [[cleití ceilte]].<ref name=":4">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Morcombe, Michael|date=2003|title=Field Guide to Australian Birds|issue=3|publisher=Pascal Press, Glebe, NSW ISBN 978174021417-9}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Pizzey, Graham; Doyle, Roy.|date=1980|title=A Field Guide to the Birds of Australia|publisher=Collins Publishers, Sydney. ISBN 073222436-5}}</ref> Tá codanna íochtar a gcoirp bánbhuí agus barrtar an t-eireaball le tarr-ruadhonn agus dubh.<ref name=":0" /> Tá clúmh na n-éan fireannach agus baineannach cosúil le chéile. Is gáire faoi leith é a nglao cosantach a dhéanann cupla éan ag an am chéanna go minic agus úsáidtear é go forleathan mar [[Maisíocht fuaime stoc|mhaisíocht fuaime stoc]] i gcásanna a bhaineann le suíomh dufair.<ref name=":11">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://soundandthefoley.com/2013/05/30/that-jungle-sound/|teideal=That Jungle Sound|údar=Melissa Kaercher|dáta=2013-05-30|language=Béarla|work=The Sound and the Foley|dátarochtana=2025-04-23}}</ref> Is as [[Oirthear na hAstráile|oirthear mhórthír na hAstráile]] ó dhúchas don chúcabarra gháiriteach ach tugadh isteach in áiteanna sa [[An Nua-Shéalainn|Nua-Shéalainn]], sa [[An Tasmáin|Tasmáin]] agus san [[An Astráil Thiar|Astráil Thiar]] é fosta.<ref name=":5" /> Cuireann an t-éan seo faoi i bhforaois thirim [[Eocalaip|eocalaipe]], i gcoillearnach, i bpáirceanna cathracha agus i ngairdíní.<ref name=":5" /> Is speiceas neamhimirceach é an speiceas seo agus cuireann sé faoi sa [[dúiche]] féin agus a gcuireann sé i rith na bliana. Tá sé [[Monagamas|monagamach]] agus coimeádann sé an páirtí céanna ar feadh a shaoil . Is féidir le péire pórúcháin a bheith in éineacht le cúig shliocht fhásta neamhphórúcháin ó bhlianta roimhe sin a chabhraíonn leis na tuismitheoirí a ndúiche a chosaint agus a n-éin óga a thógáil.<ref name=":5" /> Póraíonn an cúcabarra gáiriteach i bpoill chrainn neamhlínithe nó i bpoill thochailte i neadacha [[Teirmít|teirmíte]] crannach go ginearálta.<ref name=":5" /> Trí ubh bhána is ea líon na n-uibheacha ina gcuid ál. Gorann na tuismitheoirí agus na cúntóirí na huibheacha agus beathaíonn siad na héin óga. Is minic a mharaíonn na siblíní níos sine an t-éan óg is óige den trí éan óga. Nuair atá na gearrcaigh [[faoi lán chlúimhrí|faoi lán clúimhrí]] beathaítear fós iad ar feadh sé go deich seachtaine eile sular féidir leo dul ar thóir foráiste go neamhspleách.<ref name=":6">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Fry, C. H.; Fry, Kathie; Harris, Alan|date=1999|title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters and Rollers|pages=lgh 133-136|publisher=Londain: Christopher Helm. ISBN 978-0-7136-5206-2}}</ref> Mar chreachadóir raonleathan ainmhithe beaga, seasann an cúcabarra gáiriteach ar chraobh agus fanann sé go dtí go dtéann ainmhí ar an talamh tráth a eitlíonn sé síos agus a thugann sé áladh ar a chuid chreiche.<ref name=":4" /> Bíonn laghairteanna, feithidí, péisteanna, nathracha, lucha san áireamh le haiste bia an éin agus tá de cháil acu iasc órga a bhaint amach as locháin i ngairdíní. Rangaíonn [[an tAontas Idirnáisiúnta do Chaomhnú an Dúlra]] (AICD) an cúcabarra gáiriteach mar [[speiceas is lú imní]] toisc go bhfuil raon agus daonra mór aige gan aon bhagairtí fhorleathana.<ref name=":12">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Dacelo novaeguineae|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22683189/253968941|journal=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species|date=2024-01-15|author=BirdLife International (BirdLife International)}}</ref> == Tacsanomaíocht == [[Íomhá:Laughing_Kookaburra_Sydney_2023.webm|mion| Cúcabarra gáiriteach, Audley, Sydney, 2023]] Rinne an nádúraí agus an taiscéalaí Francach Pierre Sonnerat an chéad chur síos agus léaráid den chúcabarra gháiriteach (i ndubh agus bán) ina ''Voyage à la nouvelle Guinée'', a foilsíodh in 1776.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Voyage à la Nouvelle Guinée : dans lequel on trouve la description des lieux, des observations physiques & morales, & des détails relatifs à l'histoire naturelle dans le regne animal & le regne végétal|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13719308|publisher=Chez Ruault|date=1776|location=Paris|author=Pierre Sonnerat, Pierre Sonnerat|language=Fraincis|pages=p. 170, Pláta 106}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=The Scientific Name of the Laughing Kookaburra: Dacelo Glgas (Boddaert) V. Dacelo Novaeguineae (Hermann)|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1071/MU9770035|journal=Emu - Austral Ornithology|date=1977-01-01|issn=0158-4197|pages=35–36|volume=77|issue=1|doi=10.1071/MU9770035|author=G. F. Mees}}</ref> Mhaígh sé go bhfaca sé an t-éan sa [[An Nua-Ghuine|Nua-Ghuine]]. I bhfírinne níor thug sé cuairt ar an Nua-Ghuine riamh agus ní fhaightear an cúcabarra gáiriteach inti. Is dócha go bhfuair sé eiseamal caomhnaithe ó dhuine de na nádúraithe a thaistil in éineacht leis an [[James Cook|Chaptaen James Cook]] go cósta thoir na hAstráile.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Why did Sonnerat record the Kookaburra, Dacelo gigas (Boddaert) from New Guinea?|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1071/MU956224|journal=Emu - Austral Ornithology|date=1956-08-01|issn=0158-4197|pages=224–225|volume=56|issue=3|doi=10.1071/MU956224|author=Averil Lysaght}}</ref> Chuir Edme-Louis Daubenton agus François-Nicolas Martinet pláta daite den chúcabarra gháiriteach bunaithe ar eiseamal Sonnerat isteach ina sraith ''Planches enluminées d’histoire naturelle'' (Plátaí daite ar an stair nádúrtha). Deir eochair eolais Fraincise ar an phláta úd "''Martin-pecheur, de la Nouvelle Guinée''" (Cruidín ón Nua-Ghuine), arb eol dúinn anois nach fíor é.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Daubenton, Edme-Louis; Martinet, François-Nicolas .|date=1765–1783|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35219151|title=Planches enluminées d'histoire naturelle|volume=7|pages=Pláta 663|publisher=Páras}}</ref> Rinne an nádúraí Francach Johann Hermann an chéad chur síos foirmiúil ar an speiceas in 1783 bunaithe ar an phláta dhaite le Daubenton agus Martinet. Bhaist sé an t-ainm eolaíoch ''Alcedo novæ Guineæ'' air. <ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Peters, James Lee, eag.|date=1945|title=Check-list of Birds of the World.|volume=5|issue=5|pages=lch 190|publisher=Massachusetts: Harvard University Press|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14480201}}</ref> <ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Hermann, Johann|date=1783|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39000863#page/212/mode/1up|title=Tabula affinitatum animalium olim academico specimine edita : nunc uberiore commentario illustrata cum annotationibus ad historiam naturalem animalium augendam facientibus (as Laidin)|pages=lch 192|publisher=Argentorati: Impensis Joh. Georgii Treuttel}}</ref> Thug an zó-eolaí Sasanach William Elford Leach an [[géineas]] reatha ''[[Cúcabarra|Dacelo]]'' isteach sa bhliain 1815 <ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Check-list of birds of the world|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14480201|publisher=Harvard University Press|date=1945|location=Cambridge, Massachusetts|volume=v.5 (1945)|author=Cottrell, G. William,, G. William Cottrell, James C. Greenway, Ernst Mayr, Raymond A. Paynter, James Lee Peters, Melvin A. Traylor, Harvard University|pages=p. 189}}</ref> <ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Leach, William Elford|date=1815|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28685516|title=The Zoological Miscellany; being descriptions of new, or interesting Animals|volume=2|pages=lch 125|publisher=Londain: B. McMillan for E. Nodder & Son}}</ref> agus is anagram é den fhocal Laidineach ''Alcedo'' arb é ”cruidín” a chiall. Comhcheanglaíonn an buafhocal sonrach ''novaeguineae'' an focal Laidineach ''novus'' ar 'nua' leis an fhocal ar Ghuine,<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=The Helm dictionary of scientific bird names [electronic resource] : from aalge to zusii|url=https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling|publisher=Londain: Christopher Helm. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4|date=2010|author=James A. Jobling|pages=lch 130, 275}}</ref> bunaithe ar an tuairim earráideach gurb as an Nua-Ghuine dá eiseamal.<ref name=":7" /> Creideadh ar feadh na mblianta gurbh é an nádúraí Ollannach Pieter Boddaert a rinne an cur síos ba luaithe agus is é a ainm eolaíoch ''Dacelo gigas'' a bhí in úsáid sa litríocht eolaíoch, <ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Boddaert, Pieter|date=1783|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27822660#page/62/mode/1up|title=Table des planches enluminéez d'histoire naturelle de M. D'Aubenton|pages=lch 40|publisher=Utrecht|language=Fraincis}}</ref> ach thaispeáin an t-éaneolaí Astrálach Gregory Mathews sa bhliain 1926 gur foilsíodh cur síos le Hermann níos luaithe sa bhliain chéanna, 1783, a raibh tosaíocht aige dá bharr.<ref name=":7" /><ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Correspondence|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1071/MU926148|journal=Emu - Austral Ornithology|date=1926-10-01|issn=0158-4197|pages=148–149|volume=26|issue=2|doi=10.1071/MU926148|author=Gregory M. Mathews, E. C. and Chisholm}}</ref> Níor measadh faoi 1977 go raibh an tuiscint mhíchruinn ar dháileadh geografach an éin de bharr an ainm in úsáid reatha ina ábhar tábhachtach go leor chun iallach a chur ar athrú i bhfabhar ''D. gigas''.<ref name=":7" /> Ba mhinic a nglaodh "laughing jackass" ar an speiceas seo sa Bhéarla sa 19ú haois, ainm a taifeadadh don chéad uair (mar Laughing Jack-Ass) in ''An Account of the English Colony in New South Wales'' le David Collins a foilsíodh sa bhliain 1798.<ref name=":8">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=An Account of the English Colony in New South Wales, Volume 1: With Remarks on the Dispositions, Customs, Manners, Etc. of The Native Inhabitants of That Country. to Which Are Added, Some Particulars of New Zealand; Compiled, By Permission, From The Mss. of Lieutenant-Governor King.|url=https://archive.org/details/anaccountoftheen12565gut|coauthors=Project Gutenberg|author=David Collins|publisher=Londain: T. Cadell Jr and W. Davies|pages=Aguisín 12 Language}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Gray, Jeannie; Fraser, Ian|date=2013|title=Australian Bird Names: A Complete Guide.|pages=lgh 156–158|publisher=Collingwood VIC, an Astráil: CSIRO. ISBN 978-0-64310469-3}}</ref> D'úsáid an t-éaneolaí John Gould "great brown kingfisher" nó 'cruidín donn mór' sa bhliain 1858, ainm a chum John Latham in 1782.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Gould, John (1848).|date=1848|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48200561|title=The Birds of Australia|volume=2|publisher=Londain: féin-fhoilsithe|pages=Pláta 18}}</ref><ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Latham, John|date=1782|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33727247|title=A General Synopsis of Birds|volume=1|pages=lch 609|publisher=Londain: priontáilte ar son Benj. White}}</ref> Ainm coitianta eile ab ea "laughing kingfisher" nó 'cruidín gáiriteach'.<ref name=":1" /> Bhí na hainmneacha in roinnt [[Teangacha Bundúchasacha na hAstráile|teangacha bundúchasacha na hAstráile]] liostaithe ag údair Eorpacha lena n-áirítear ''Go-gan-ne-gine'' le Collins in 1798,<ref name=":8" /> ''Cuck'anda'' le René Lesson in 1828<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Lesson, René Primeverre|date=1828|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/49447225|title=Manuel d'ornithologie, ou description des genres et des principales espèces d'oiseaux|pages=lch 93|publisher=Páras: Roret|language=Fraincis}}</ref> agus ''Gogera'' nó ''Gogobera'' le George Bennett in 1834.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Bennett, George|date=1834|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27932355|title=Wandering in New South Wales, Batavia, Pedir Coast, Singapore, and China: being the journal of a naturalist in those countries during 1832, 1833, and 1834|pages=lch 222|publisher=Londain: Richard Bentley|volume=1}}</ref> Áiríodh "kookaburra" mar ainm malartach i bhfoilseacháin éaneolaíochta i mblianta tosaigh na 20ú haoise,<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Lucas, A.H.S.; Le Souef, W.H. Dunley|date=1911|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37362467#page/256/mode/1up|title=The Birds of Australia|pages=lgh 236-237|publisher=Londain: Whitcombe agus Tombs}}</ref><ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Leach, John Albert|date=1912|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48031268#page/113/mode/1up|title=An Australian bird book: a pocket book for field use (2nd ed.).|issue=2|pages=lch 105|publisher=Melbourne: Whitcombe & Tombs}}</ref> ach ní go dtí 1926 gur ghlac Aontas Éaneolaithe Ríoga na hAstraláise go hoifigiúil leis an ainm "laughing kookaburra" sa dara heagrán de ''Seicliosta Oifigiúil Éanlaith na hAstráile''.<ref name=":1" /> Is as an Wiradjuri don ainm, [[Teangacha Bundúchasacha na hAstráile|teanga bhundúchasach]] atá i mbaol.<ref name=":1" /> Tá ceithre speiceas chúcabarra sa ghéineas ''Dacelo'' dá bhfuil an [[cúcabarra tarr-ruadhonn]], an [[cúcabarra sluasaidghobach]] agus an [[cúcabarra breac]] srianta don Nua-Ghuine agus d'oileáin Chaolas Torres . Tá an [[cúcabarra gormeiteach]] agus an cúcabarra gáiriteach le fáil go forleathan san Astráil.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Kingfishers (Alcedinidae), version 1.0|url=https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/alcedi1/1.0/introduction|journal=Birds of the World|date=2020|issn=2771-3105|doi=10.2173/bow.alcedi1.01|language=Béarla|author=David W. Winkler, Shawn M. Billerman, Irby J. Lovette|publisher=Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NE, SAM|coauthors=S. M. Billerman, B. K. Keeney, P. G. Rodewald, and T. S. Schulenberg, eag.}}</ref> Aithnítear dhá [[Fospeiceas|fhospeiceas]]:<ref name="ioc">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eag.|date=2016|url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/rollers/|title=Rollers, ground rollers & kingfishers|journal=World Bird List Version 6.3|publisher=International Ornithologists' Union}}</ref> * ''D. n. novaeguineae'' (Hermann, 1783) – an [[fospeiceas ainmniúcháin]], oirthear na hAstráile, [[an Tasmáin]] agus tugadh isteach in iardheisceart na hAstráile é * ''D. n. mion'' Robinson, 1900 – [[Leithinis Rinn York|Leithinis Rinn Eabhrac]] ó dheas go Baile an Chócaigh<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Robinson, Herbert Christopher|date=1900|title=Contributions to the zoology of north Queensland|journal=Bulletin of the Liverpool Museums|volume=2|issue=3 agus 4|pages=lch 116|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12801366}}</ref><ref name=":6" /> == Cur síos == [[Íomhá:Laughing_kookaburra444.jpg|deas|mion| Mionghné mór ghob agus cinn]] Is é an cúcabarra gáiriteach an speiceas cruidín is mó agus é níos mó ó thaobh na corpmhaise de ná an cruidín ollmhór fiú.<ref name=":6" /><ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Dunning, John B. Jr., eag.|date=2008|title=CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses|issue=2|publisher=CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-6444-5}}</ref> Is éan láidir téagartha é idir 41–47 cm (16–19 or) i bhfad, le ceann mór, súile donna feiceálacha, agus gob fada láidir.<ref name=":0" /> Tá an dá ghnéas an-chosúil le chéile, cé gur mó an baineannach de ghnáth agus gur lú goirme atá ar a cromán ná mar atá ar chromán an fhireannaigh. Tá meáchan an fhireannaigh idir 196–450 g (6.9–15.9 unsa), 307 g (10.8 unsa) go meánach agus tá meáchan an bhaineannaigh idir 190–465 g (6.7–16.4 unsa), 352 g (12.4 unsa) go meánach.<ref name=":3">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Woodall, P. F.|date=2020|title=Laughing Kookaburra (Dacelo novaeguineae), version 1.0.|volume=Birds of the World|publisher=Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NE, SAM.|coauthors=J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, agus E. de Juana, eag.|doi=10.2173/bow.laukoo1.01}}</ref> Tá corp bán nó bánbhuí orthu agus ceann le stríoc dhúdhonn orthu a théann trasna an dá shúile ach atá níos doiléire thar barr an chinn. Tá na sciatháin agus an droim donn agus tá spotaí spéirghorma ar na guaillí. Tá an t-eireaball cróchdhearg ruabhallach le bandaí dúdhonna agus barraí bána ar na cleití. Tá an gob trom dubh ar a bharr agus tá dath cnámha ar a bhun. Tá clúmh an fhospeicis ''D. n. minor'' cosúil le clúmh an fhospeicis ainmnithe ach tá sé níos lú ó thaobh méide de.<ref name=":6" /> Is féidir idirdhealú a dhéanamh idir an cúcabarra gáiriteach agus an cúcabarra gormeiteach atá ar chomhmhéid leis trína shúile dorcha, a stríoc súile dhorcha, a ghob níos giorra agus na limistéir ghorma atá níos lú agus níos dlúithe ar an sciathán agus ar an gheadán.<ref name=":6" /> Tá difríocht idir chúcabarraí gormeiteacha fireannacha chomh maith toisc go bhfuil eireaball le bandaí gorma agus dubha orthu.<ref name=":6" /> [[Íomhá:Laughing_Kookaburra_1_JCB.jpg|deas|mion| Sa Pháirc Náisiúnta Ríoga, NSW]] === Glao === Déanann ainm an "chúcabarra gháiritigh" tagairt dá "gháire" a úsáidtear chun dúichí a bhunú i measc grúpaí teaghlaigh. Is féidir é a chloisteáil ag aon am den lá, ach is minice a chloiste ag breacadh an lae agus sa chlapsholas.<ref name=":6" /> Tá sirincs thraicéabhroinceach ag an speiceas seo a chruthaíonn dhá fhoinse tonnchreatha ionas gur féidir leis dhá mhinicíocht a tháirgeadh ag an am chéanna le harmónaigh iolracha.<ref name=":5">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Higgins, Peter J., eag|date=1999|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handbook_of_Australian,_New_Zealand_and_Antarctic_Birds|title=Dacelo novaeguineae Laughing Kookaburra|volume=Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds. Imleabhar 4|issue=Parrots to dollarbird|pages=lgh 1121-1138|publisher=Melbourne: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-553071-1}}</ref> Déantar glao an chúcabarra gháiritigh trí chóras casta táirgeachta fuaime, trí aer a bhrú isteach sna feadáin bhroinceacha ó na scamhóga.<ref name=":5" /> Cé go bhfuil an struchtúr táirgeachta glaonna i láthair ó aois an-óg, is iompar foghlamtha é amhrán an chúcabarra.<ref name=":2">{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Baker|first=Myron C.|date=Eanáir 2004|title=The Chorus Song of Cooperatively Breeding Laughing Kookaburras (Coraciiformes, Halcyonidae: ''Dacelo novaeguineae''): Characterization and Comparison Among Groups|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0310.2003.00941.x|journal=Ethology|volume=110|issue=1|pages=21–35|doi=10.1046/j.1439-0310.2003.00941.x|language=Béarla}}</ref> Múineann an péire pórúcháin laistigh de ghrúpa chúcabarra an glao gáiriteach inaitheanta do na héin óga tar éis dóibh an nead a fhágáil.<ref name=":2" /> Canfaidh an fireannach cuid ghairid den ghlao a dhéanfaidh na hóga aithris air, iarracht a mbíonn gan rath de ghnáth.<ref name=":2" /> Maireann na ceachtanna amhránaíochta coicís sula mbíonn an gearrcach in ann canadh i gceart agus páirt a ghlacadh in amhráin chórúla [[Clapsholas|clapsholais]].<ref name=":2" /> Nuair a bhíonn máistreacht acu, is féidir leis an aos óg páirt a ghlacadh i gcrón amhráin chlapsholais a chabhraíonn le bunú na ndúichí.<ref name=":2" /> Tosaíonn éan amháin le gáire snagach íseal sula gcaitear a cheann ar ais le grágaíl gháiriteach: is minic a ghlacann cúpla éan eile páirt ann.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":3" /> Má tá níos mó ná treibh amháin atá in iomaíocht le chéile laistigh dá raon éisteachta, baileoidh an teaghlach ar fad go luath chun an díthreabh a líonadh le gáire óna gcroíthe.<ref name=":0" /> Tá cúig eilimint athraitheacha sa chéiliúr gháiriteach seo: 1. "Cúa"; 2. "Grágaíl gháire"; 3. "Roll-áil", "ú-ú-ú" ar a ndéantar aithris arís agus arís eile go tapa; 4. "Ha-ha" ard a leantar le; 5. glao "Gó-gó" an fhireannaigh nó glao "sclogálach" an bhaineannaigh.<ref name=":3" /> Má fhaightear an deis éisteacht le cúcabarraí in ard a nglórtha, tá sé ar cheann de na heispéiris is neamhghnáiche i nDíthreabh na hAstráile, rud nach féidir fiú muintir na háite neamhaird a dhéanamh air; b'fhéidir go mbainfí geit as aon chuairteoir a chloisfeadh a gceiliúr mura gcuirfí fainic orthu roimh ré. Aithrisítear na glaonna seo chun céile a mhealladh/a chosaint, chun an t-ordlathas sóisialta a bhunú agus a chothabháil, agus chun críoch a fhógairt agus a chosaint, mar is minic a gceaptar a nglaonna a bheith comhghaolmhar le hionsaitheacht.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Helpers Have Little to Laugh About: Group Structure and Vocalisation in the Laughing Kookaburra Dacelo novaeguineae|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1071/MU9880150|journal=Emu - Austral Ornithology|date=1988-09-01|issn=0158-4197|pages=150–160|volume=88|issue=3|doi=10.1071/MU9880150|author=Heinz-Ulrich Reyer, Dieter and Schmidl}}</ref> Úsáidtear glaonna lena thaispeáint dá gcomharsan/ngaolta go bhfuil grúpaí fós ag cur fúthu i gcríoch.<ref name=":2"/> Léiríonn na glaonna seo dá n-éisteoirí go bhfuil caighdeán agus sláinte níos fearr ag grúpaí dea-chomhordaithe fosta.<ref name=":9">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=A review of hypotheses for the functions of avian duetting|url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00265-003-0741-x|journal=Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology|date=2004-03-01|issn=1432-0762|pages=415–430|volume=55|issue=5|doi=10.1007/s00265-003-0741-x|language=Béarla|author=Michelle L. Hall}}</ref> Méadaíonn cumarsáid fhuaimiúil idir cúcabarraí gáiriteacha 2-3 mhí roimh shéasúr an phóraithe, ó Mheán Fómhair go hEanáir, faoi mar a mhéadaíonn ionsaitheacht na bhfireannach chomh maith.<ref name=":5" /> Teastaíonn leibhéil níos airde comhoibrithe laistigh den ghrúpa ón ghlao phéire.<ref name=":5" /> Tá hipitéis ann go neartaíonn comhordú na nglaonna i measc cúcabarraí an phríomhdháimh péire fadtéarmach agus is féidir gur éabhólóidigh sé mar mheicníocht chun dáimh an ghrúpa a dhaingniú toisc go bhfuil sé costasach ó thaobh fuinnimhe de ceiliúir nua a fhoghlaim.<ref name=":9" /> Léiríonn grúpaí comharsanachta céimeanna comhoibrithe chomh maith ós rud é go seachadtar ceiliúir chórúla idir comharsana gan aon fhorluí, ag malartú idir na grúpaí.<ref name=":2"/> ==== Cineálacha eile cumarsáide fuaimiúla ==== Is cineál cumarsáide fuaimiúla eile í grágaíl in ''D. novaeguineae'' a úsáidtear i raon comhthéacsanna éagsúla.<ref name=":3" /> Tá sé tugtha faoi deara go ngrágaíonn cúcabarraí gáiriteacha nuair a bhíonn siad ag neadú, ag taispeáint iompair ghéilliúil, agus nuair a bhíonn gearrcaigh ag feitheamh lena mbeathú.<ref name=":3" /> Tá stór níos mó glaonna ag cúcaburraí gáiriteacha ná mar atá ag speicis chúcabarraí eile cosúil leis an chúcaburra ghormeiteach ( ''Dacelo leachii'' ) a tháirgeann dhá chineál glao simplí: “tafann” agus “snag”.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Kookaburra: King of the Bush|url=https://ebooks.publish.csiro.au/content/kookaburra|publisher=Clayton Theas, VIC, an Astráil: CSIRO Publishing|date=2004|doi=10.1071/9780643091375|language=Béarla|author=Sarah Legge}}</ref> Aibhsítear an raon mór glaonna seo trí dhúnadh, iontonú agus modhnuithe minicíochta a cheadaíonn do na cúcabarraí faisnéis níos mionsonraithe a chur in iúl.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=21. Using Interactive Playback to Study How Songs and Singing Contribute to Communication about Behavior|url=https://www.degruyterbrill.com:443/document/doi/10.7591/9781501736957-030/html|publisher=Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-1-5017-3695-7|journal=Ecology and Evolution of Acoustic Communication in Birds|date=2019-05-15|pages=377–397|doi=10.7591/9781501736957-030|language=Béarla|author=W. John Smith|coauthors=Kroodsma, Donald E; Miller, Edward H, eag.}}</ref> == Dáileadh agus gnáthóg == Is de bhunadh oirthear na hAstráile é an cúcabarra gáiriteach a bhfuil raon aige a shíneann ó [[Leithinis Rinn York|Leithinis Rinn Eabhrac]] sa tuaisceart go [[Rinn Otway]] sa deisceart. Tá sé le fáil ar an taobh thoir agus ar an taobh thiar den [[Deighiltraon Mór|Raon Mór Roinnte]]. Síneann an raon sa deisceart siar ó [[Victoria (An Astráil)|Victoria]] go dtí [[Leithinis Yorke]] agus na [[Raonta Flinders]] san [[An Astráil Theas|Astráil Theas]].<ref name=":10">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Handbook of Australian, New Zealand & Antarctic birds|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-553071-1|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=1999|location=Melbourne|author=Peter Higgins|issue=4|language=Béarla|pages=lgh. 1124-1125}}</ref> [[Íomhá:Distribution laughing kookaburra.jpg|alt=Dúghlas: dúchasach Bánghlas: tugadh isteach|mion|Léarscáil dáilte an chúcabarra gháiritigh (''Dacelo novaeguineae'') laistigh den Astráil agus den Tasmáin. {| class="wikitable" !Dúghlas !Bánghlas |- |dúchasach |tugadh isteach |} ]] Tugadh isteach in go leor áiteanna eile é agus is dóichí gur mar gheall ar a cháil maraithe nathracha a tharla sé seo. Chuir parlaimint Iarthar na hAstráile an ‘Laughing Jackass’ san áireamh i sceideal d’éin dhúchasacha dhochtchaomhnaithe na hAstráile sa "Game Bill" nó 'Bille Géime' i mí na Nollag 1891, a d’aistrigh [[Horatio William Sholl|Horace Sholl]], ar bhall don Cheantar Thuaidh é. Rinne sé cur síos air mar éan dúchasach an Iarthuaiscirt. <ref>''The Daily News'', Perth, 22 Nollaig 1891, lch 3, Legislative Assembly</ref> Is é is dóichí, áfach, gur tagairt é a ainmniúchán don chúcabarra ghormeiteach (''Dacelo leachii''), seachas don chúcabarra gháiriteach (''Dacelo novaeguineae'') a fhaightear ann. Thug "''The Game Act, 1892''" nó '''an tAcht Géime, 1892''<nowiki/>' (Iarthar na hAstráile), "Acht chun socrú a dhéanamh maidir le héin agus ainmhithe iompórtáilte, agus géim dhúchasach a chaomhnú," deis dearbhaithe go gcosaítear na héin agus na hainmhithe dúchasacha Astrálacha fógartha a liostaíodh sa Chéad Sceideal den Acht ar shealgaireacht. Bhí an "Laughing Jackass" ar cheann den 23 speiceas éan dúchasach Astrálach a ainmníodh sa sceideal.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.legislation.wa.gov.au/legislation/statutes.nsf/law_a3112.html|teideal=WALW - Game Act 1892 - Home Page|work=www.legislation.wa.gov.au|dátarochtana=2025-04-23}}</ref> Scaoileadh cúcabarraí gáiriteacha amach ó Stáit an Oirithir chun an Iardheiscirt chomh luath le 1883<ref>{{Cite book-en|author=Sellick|first=Douglas|title=First impressions : Albany 1791-1901 :travellers' tales|isbn=0730983668|pages=151-2}}</ref> agus sonraíodh éin idir Perth agus Fremantle agus i Mullewa fosta thart ar 1896.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Clee Francis Howard Jenkins|first=C.F .H.|date=1959|title=Introduced Birds in Western Australia|journal=Emu|volume=59|pages=201-207|url=https://doi.org/10.1071/MU959201}}</ref> D'allmhairigh agus scaoil an Cumann Clíomaithe (nó an coiste um Chlíomú Ainmhithe agus Éan WA) na céadta éan idir 1897 agus 1912.<ref>{{Cite book-en|author=John L. Long|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/27566719|title=Introduced birds and mammals in Western Australia|date=1974|publisher=Agriculture Protection Board of Western Australia|isbn=0-7244-5758-5|pages=3|oclc=27566719}}</ref> Ba é Ernest Le Souef arbh é Rúnaí an Chumainn Chlíomaithe agus Stiúrthóir ar Ghairdíní Zó-eolaíochta Perth é agus ar thacaí díograiseach an chúcabarra é ba chúis leis go príomha mar d'admhaigh sé gur scaoil sé na céadta ón Zú, lena n-áirítear 50 i 1900 ar iarratas Ríoga ón Diúc Eabhrac a bhí ar cuairt. Bhí daonraí póraithe bunaithe i roinnt ceantar faoin bhliain 1912. Tá an raon reatha in Iarthar na hAstráile siar ó dheas ó líne a cheanglaíonn [[Geraldton]] ar an chósta thiar agus Hopetoun ar an chósta theas.<ref name=":5" /> Tugadh an cúcabarra gáiriteach isteach i roinnt áiteanna sa [[An Tasmáin|Tasmáin]] ón bhliain 1906 ar aghaidh. Faightear go príomha anois é soir ó thuaidh ó líne a cheanglaíonn Huonville, Loch Rowallan, Waratah agus Marrawah.<ref name=":5" /> Tugadh isteach ar Oileán Flinders é timpeall 1940, áit a bhfuil sé le fáil go forleathan anois, agus ar Oileán Changarú i 1926.<ref name=":5" /> Shocraigh George Gray go scaoilfí cúcabarraí gáiriteacha ar Oileán Kawau le linn a dhara téarma mar ghobharnóir ar an Nua-Shéalainn sna 1860idí. Tá an t-oileán suite i Murascaill Hauraki, thart ar 40 ciliméadar (25 míle) ó thuaidh ó [[Tāmaki Makaurau|Auckland]] ar [[Oileán Thuaidh]] na Nua-Shéalainne. Ceapadh nár éirigh leis an tabhairt isteach ach thángthas ar roinnt éan i 1916 ar an mhórthír in aice láimhe.<ref name=":10" /><ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=The naturalisation of animals & plants in New Zealand|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/21725433|publisher=Cambridge University Press|date=1922|author=George Malcolm Thomson|language=Béarla|pages=lgh. 137-138|location=Cambridge}}</ref> Póraíonn sé anois i réigiún beag ar an taobh thiar de Mhurascaill Hauraki idir Leigh agus Kumeū.<ref name=":10" /> Is iad foraois scléirifill oscailte agus coillearnaí gnáthóga gnácha an éin seo. Tá sé níos coitianta san áit a bhfuil an fhothóg oscailte agus gann nó áit a bhfuil an talamh clúdaithe le féar. Teastaíonn poill chrainn uathu dá gcuid neadacha. Tá sé le fáil freisin in aice le portaigh agus i limistéir atá glanta go páirteach nó talamh feirme le crainn feadh bóithre agus sconsaí. Tá sé le fáil i bpáirceanna agus i ngairdíní i gceantair uirbeacha.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Handbook of Australian, New Zealand & Antarctic birds|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-553071-1|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=1990|location=Melbourne|language=Béarla|pages=1123|author=Peter Higgins|issue=4}}</ref> Forluíonn raon an chúcabarra gháiritigh le raon an chúcabarra ghormeitigh i limistéar in oirthear [[Tír na Banríona|Thír na Banríona]] a shíneann ó Leithinis Rinn Eabhrac ó dheas go ceantair mháguaird [[Brisbane]]. Is minic gurb fhearr leis an chúcabarra gháiriteach ceantair cois uisce timpeall Bhaile an Chócaigh agus go bhanann an cúcabarra gormeiteach in gnáthóga atá níos tirime.<ref name=":6" /> Tá eiseamláir amháin den chúcabarra gháiriteach ag cur faoi go fiáin i [[Suffolk]] sa [[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|Ríocht Aontaithe]] ó 2015 ar a laghad agus chonacthas arís in 2024 é.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-england-suffolk-68345409|teideal=Kookaburra spotted living in Suffolk countryside|údar=Stuart Howells|language=Béarla|work=BBC News|dátarochtana=2025-04-23}}</ref> Taifeadadh radharcanna breise de chúcabarraí gáiriteacha in [[Albain]], <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://au.news.yahoo.com/kookaburras-spotted-in-wilds-of-scotland-by-excited-adventurer-theyre-wicked-035433553.html|title=Kookaburras spotted in wilds of Scotland by excited adventurer: 'They're wicked'|author=Michael Dahlstrom|date=2024-04-12|language=Béarla|work=Yahoo News|access-date=2024-07-01}}</ref> ag cur le fios go bhféadfadh go bhfuil eiseamláir den speiceas seo á scaoileadh d'aon ghnó nó trí thimpiste. == Iompar == [[Íomhá:Kookaburra-003.jpg|deas|mion| Cúcabarra le [[geiceo]] gafa ina ghob]] Cuireann cúcabarraí fúthu i ngrúpaí teaghlaigh scaoilte i ndúichí coillearnaí (foraoisí san áireamh) agus tá an cuspóir céanna ag a gcuid gáire agus atá ag go leor glaonna éan eile - chun teorainneacha a gcuid dúichí a mharcáil. Is gnách d'formhór na speiceas cúcabarra cur fúthu in aonaid teaghlaigh agus cuidíonn na héin óga leis na tuismitheoirí fiach agus aire a thabhairt don chéad ál eile. === Pórú === [[Íomhá:Laughing_Kookaburra_Juvenile.jpg|mion| Gearrcach i [[Sydney]]: Tá goba níos giorra ag gearrcaigh le híochtar dorcha agus bán láidir ar a sciathán agus a chleití fallainge]] Is cosúil go mbíonn iompar atá cosúil leis an [[éan sprochailleach]] ar bun ag an chúcabarra gháiriteach le linn séasúr na cúplála. Cuireann an baineannach seasamh déircíneachta uirthi agus glaonn sí ar nós éin óig. Ofrálann an fireannach a ghabháil reatha di ansin le fuaim "ú ú ú". Deir roinnt breathnóirí, áfach, go dtarlaíonn a mhalairt – téann an baineannach chuig an fhireannach lena ghabháil reatha agus tairgeann sí dó é. Is féidir go gcuirfear tús le tógáil neadacha i mí Lúnasa agus bíonn buaicphointe breithe uibheacha ann ó Mheán Fómhair go Samhain.<ref name=":5" /> Má theipeann ar an chéad ál, leanfaidh siad ag pórú go dtí míonna an tsamhraidh.<ref name=":5" /> Beireann an baineannach ál de thrí ubh leath-snasta bána cruinne go ginearálta arb í 36 mm × 45 mm (1.4 or × 1.8 or) a méid agus eatramh atá thart ar dhá lá eatarthu.<ref name=":4" /> Gorann na tuismitheoirí agus na cúntóirí na huibheacha ar feadh 24 go 26 lá.<ref name=":5" /> Tá goróga altramach agus scolamánach agus iad faoi lán clúimhrí faoi lá 32-40.<ref name=":5" /> Mura bhfuil an soláthar bia leordhóthanach, beidh an tríú hubh níos lú agus beidh an tríú éan óg níos lú fosta agus é faoi mhíbhuntáiste i gcomparáid lena siblíní níos mó. Bíonn crúca ag éin óga ar an mhandabal uachtarach, rud a imíonn faoin am a mbíonn siad faoi lán clúimhrí. Mura bhfuil an soláthar bia do na héin óga leordhóthanach, beidh achrann ann ina mbeidh crúca na n-éan óg mar arm acu. D'fhéadfadh sé go maródh na héin óga móra an t-éan óg is lú fiú.<ref name=":5" /> Má tá a ndóthain bia acu, caitheann na tuismitheoirí níos mó ama ag goir na n-éan óg, rud a fhágann nach mbíonn siad in ann troid. === Beathú === [[Íomhá:Dacelo_novaeguineae_catching_a_worm.ogv|mion| Péist á ghabháil, Oileán Bruny, an Tasmáin, an Astráil]] Seilgeann cúcabarraí mar a dhéanann cruidíní eile (agus spideoga Astraláiseach chomh maith) é; suíonn siad ar chraobh nó ar shreang áisiúil agus fanann siad go foighneach go dtéann creach thar a mbráid. Itheann siad réimse leathan creach go coitianta idir lucha agus [[Mamach|mamaigh]] bheaga den mhéid chéanna, éagsúlacht mhór [[Inveirteabrach|inveirteabraigh]] (cosúil le feithidí, péisteanna talún agus seilidí), crústaigh dhúchasacha Astrálacha, éisc bheaga, [[Laghairt|laghairteanna]], froganna, éin bheaga agus éin óga sa nead agus a gcreach is cáiliúla, [[Nathair|nathracha]].<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":3" /> Is fearr leo creacha beaga, ach uaireanta seilgeann cúcabarraí créatúir mhóra, lena n-áirítear nathracha nimhe atá i bhfad níos faide ná a gcoirp féin.<ref name=":5" /> Agus iad ag beathú a n-óg, déanfaidh cúcabarraí gáiriteacha “Glaonna Chuck”, ar glaonna doimhne scrunch iad atá an-difriúil ar fad óna n-amhráin chórúla laethúla.<ref name=":3" /> === Taispeántais amhairc === Chun tuilleadh feabhais a chur ar iompar cosantach, glacfaidh cúcabarraí páirt i ndá chineál taispeántais ón aer: traipéis agus eitiltí ciorclacha.<ref name=":13">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Review of Handbook of Australian, New Zealand & Antarctic Birds. Volume 3: Snipe to Pigeons|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1521625?origin=crossref|journal=Colonial Waterbirds|date=1997|issn=0738-6028|pages=631–631|volume=20|issue=3|doi=10.2307/1521625|author=ICTN, Peter J. Higgins, Stephen J. J. F. Davies}}</ref> Feileann ainm na n-eitiltí traipéise go maith don ghluaiseacht de ráib a dhéanann cúcabarraí in aice láimhe eadarbhuas i dtreo a chéile agus iad ag cosaint a gcríche.<ref name=":13" /> Le linn eitiltí traipéise, seasfaidh éan amháin ó gach grúpa ar chraobhacha ar teorainn a gcríche agus eitleoidh siad anonn agus anall idir crainn laistigh dá raon baile seanbhunaithe agus crainn ar teorainn chríoch na gcúcabarraí atá in aice láimhe.<ref name=":13" /> Chonacthas go maireann na taispeántais seo suas le leathuair an chloig agus go mbíonn glaonna ón seoltóir agus ó bhaill ghrúpa an éin sin ag gabháil leo de ghnáth.<ref name=":13" /> Cuirtear tús le heitiltí ciorclacha nuair a eitlíonn éan amháin timpeall chríoch ghrúpa éan eile trí eitilt thar an limistéar agus ionradh tapa a dhéanamh ar an gcríoch úd ina dhiaidh.<ref name=":13" /> Chomh luath agus a bheidh sé laistigh den chríoch in aice láimhe, beidh an t-éan amháin sin ag eitilt i gciorcail timpeall na gcúcabarraí eile a bhfuil cónaí orthu sa cheantar, rud a leanfaidh gnáthghlao gáiriteach nó grágaíl é ag brath ar stádas an ghrúpa ann.<ref name=":13" /> Tá taispeántais eitilte úsáideach chun cumarsáid a dhéanamh thar achair fhada, ach is féidir le cineálacha eile comharthaí amhairc a bheith éifeachtach le haghaidh cumarsáide gearr-raoin. Is féidir leo comharthaí amhairc gearr-raoin a úsáid chun iompar bagrach a chur in iúl nó chun bagairtí atá ag teacht isteach a léiriú lena n-ealta.<ref name=":13" /> Úsáidtear gothaí troda mar rabhadh sula n-ionsaítear ar comhartha é a fhaigheann cúcabarraí eachtracha go coitianta agus iad ag cúngú ar chríoch ghrúpaí eile. <ref name=":14">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=The Auxiliary Social System in Kookaburras: A Reappraisal of Its Adaptive Significance|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1071/MU974195b|journal=Emu - Austral Ornithology|date=1974-07-01|issn=0158-4197|pages=196–198|volume=74|issue=3|doi=10.1071/MU974195b|author=S. R. Morton, G. D. and Parry}}</ref> Spréifidh cúcabarraí gáiriteacha a sciatháin amach agus brúfaidh siad a gceann chun cinn agus iad ag croitheadh a gcuid cleití eireabaill chun ceannasacht a thaispeáint agus iad féin a chosaint ar ionróirí.<ref name=":14" /> Ruaigfear na héin gan iarraidh tar éis na ngothaí troda sula n-ionsófar iad.<ref name=":5" /> Úsáidtear taispeántais amhairc freisin chun forairdeall agus láithreacht bagairtí a chur in iúl trí ghotha airdeallach.<ref name=":5" /> Osclóidh ''D. novaeguineae'' a ghob, cuirfidh sé colg ar na cleití timpeall ar a chaipín, agus tiontóidh sé a cheann i dtreo na bagairte.<ref name=":5" /> Ag brath ar phráinn na bagairte, d’fhéadfadh glaonna gáiriteacha arda leanúint ar ghothaí rabhaidh chun rabhadh a thabhairt do bhaill eile na healta.<ref name=":5" /> == Caidreamh le daoine == [[Íomhá:Laughing_kookaburra_snatch.jpg|alt=Image of a laughing kookaburra holding a sausage in its mouth.|mion| Cúcabarra gáiriteach le feiceáil ag ithe ispíne a sciob sé ó bheárbaiciú.]] Is radharc coitianta é an cúcabarra gáiriteach i ngairdíní bruachbhailteacha agus i suíomhanna uirbeacha, fiú i limistéir fhoirgnithe agus tá siad chomh múinte go n-íosfaidh siad as lámha duine agus go ligfear do dhaoine a gcuid bolg a chuimilt go minic. Níl sé neamhchoitianta go sciobfar bia as lámha daoine gan rabhadh, trí theacht anuas de ráib. Is minic a bheathaíonn daoine le píosaí feola amha iad. Is minic fosta go gcoinnítear cúcabrraí gáiriteacha i [[Zú|zúnna]]. Is ábhar amhráin leanaí Astrálach é an cúcabarra a bhfuil an-tóir air chomh maith darb ainm “Kookaburra” a chum Marion Sinclair in 1934.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Howell, P. A.|date=2012|title=Sinclair, Marion (1896–1988)|volume=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|issn=1833-7538|accessdate=8ú Deireadh Fómhair 2016|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/sinclair-marion-15924}}</ref> Tá taifeadtaí den éan seo curtha le scannáin Hollywood le cúpla deich mbliana, i suíomhanna dufair de ghnáth, ó shraith Tarzan sna 1930idí go leithéidí ''The Lost World: Jurassic Park'' (1997) níos déanaí fós.<ref name=":11" /> == Stádas caomhnaithe == Athraíonn dlús daonra an chúcabarra gháiritigh san Astráil idir 0.04 agus 0.8 éan/ha ag brath ar an ghnáthóg. Má ghlactar le meán de 0.3 éan/ha, d'fhéadfadh an daonra iomlán a bheith chomh mór le 65 milliún éan.<ref name=":6" /> Mar sin féin, is féidir gur rómheastachán ollmhór é seo ós rud é go bhfuil an chuma ar an scéal go bhfuil laghdú suntasach ag teacht ar dhaonra an chúcabarra gháiritigh agus Birdata ag taispeáint titim 50% ar líon na radharcanna idir na blianta 2000 go 2019 agus laghdú ar an ráta tuairiscithe ó 25% go 15% thar an tréimhse chéanna.<ref>{{Cite web-en|url=https://birdata.birdlife.org.au/explore#map=-35.1044048_144.4568962_5&species_id=322|title=Explore Birdata map: Laughing kookaburra|author=BirdLife Australia|year=2020|access-date=2020-06-17}}</ref> Tá daonra na Nua-Shéalainne sách beag agus is dócha go bhfuil níos lú ná 500 éan ann. <ref>{{Cite web-en|url=http://nzbirdsonline.org.nz/species/laughing-kookaburra|title=Laughing kookaburra|author=B. Michaux|year=2013|editor=C.M. Miskelly, eag.|publisher=New Zealand Birds Online|access-date=4 Deireadh Fómhair 2016}}</ref> Mar gheall ar an raon sínte agus an daonra mór seasmhach, measann an [[An tAontas Idirnáisiúnta do Chaomhnú an Dúlra|tAontas Idirnáisiúnta um Chaomhnú an Dúlra]] gur “[[speiceas is lú imní]]” é.<ref name=":12" /> == Léitheoireachta bhreise == * {{Cite book-en|author=Legge|first=Sarah|year=2004|title=Kookaburra: King of the Bush|publisher=CSIRO Publishing|location=Collingwood Vic, Australia|isbn=978-0-643-09063-7}} * {{Cite book-en|author=Parry|first=Veronica A.|year=1970|title=Kookaburras|location=Melbourne|publisher=Lansdowne Press|isbn=978-0-7018-0290-5}} == Naisc sheachtracha == * [http://www.xeno-canto.org/species/Dacelo-novaeguineae Xeno-canto: taifeadtaí fuaime den chúcabrra gháiriteach] * [https://ebird.org/species/laukoo1/ Grianghraif, fuaim agus físeán den chúcabarra gháiriteach] ó Leabharlann Mhic Amhlaoibh Cornell Lab of Ornithology * [http://www.graemechapman.com.au/library/sounds.php?c=312&p=347 Taifeadtaí de chúcabarra gáiriteach] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250505222604/http://www.graemechapman.com.au/library/sounds.php?c=312&p=347 |date=2025-05-05 }} ó leabharlann fuaime Graeme Chapman == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} {{Halcyoninae}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q824974}} [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] [[Catagóir:Dacelo]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1783]] [[Catagóir:Éin na hAstráile Theas]] [[Catagóir:Éin na Tasmáine]] [[Catagóir:Éin Queensland]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na hAstráile]] [[Catagóir:Ailt a bhfuil físeáin iontu]] [[Catagóir:Éin Victoria (An Astráil)]] [[Catagóir:Tacsain ainmnithe ag Johann Hermann]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas is lú imní de chuid an AICD]] enw2yb0l584mc8zmt9dx3y9epwfsypx 0 118912 1323235 1322785 2026-08-07T07:56:35Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323235 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is speiceas mór [[Cruidín|cruidíní]] ó thuaisceart na [[An Astráil|hAstráile]] agus ó dheisceart na [[An Nua-Ghuine|Nua-Ghuine]] ó dhúchas é an '''[[cúcabarra]] gormeiteach''' ('''''Dacelo leachii'''''). Tá sé beagáinín níos lú ná an [[cúcabarra gáiriteach]] atá níos coitianta agus é thart ar 40 cm i bhfad. Tá codanna uachtair agus agus íochtair an éin seo bánbhuí agus barrtar le baill dhonna iad. Tá sciatháin ghorma, guaillí donna, agus geadán gorm air. Tá sé [[Démhorfacht gnéasanna|démhorfach ó thaobh a ngnéasanna de]], le heireaball gorm ar an fhireannach, agus eireaball [[ruadhonn]] le barraí dubha ar an bhaineannach. ==Tacsanomaíocht== Bailíodh an chéad eiseamláir den chúcabarra ghormeiteach le Sir Joseph Banks sa bhliain 1770 ach chuir an t-éan mearbhall ar dhaoine agus ceapadh ar dtús gur cineál cúcabarra gáiriteach a bhí ann sula ndearnadh an chéad chur síos oifigiúil air le [[Nicholas Aylward Vigors]] agus [[Thomas Horsfield]] sa bhliain 1826; ceiliúrann a ainm speicis an zó-eolaí [[Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann|Briotanach]] [[William Elford Leach]].<ref>Legge, lgh. 16-17</ref> Tá sé ar cheann den chúig bhall den ghéineas ''[[Dacelo]]'' ar a mbaistear an t-ainm cúcabarra go coitianta. Is iad an t-asal béiceach nó uaillfairteach nó cúcabarra Leach ainmneacha coitianta eile ar an éan seo.<ref name=":0">{{Lua idirlín|url=http://birdsinbackyards.net/bird/280|teideal=Birds in Backyards - Blue-winged Kookaburra (Dacelo leachii) Fact sheet|údar=Birds in Backyards|language=en-AU|work=birdsinbackyards.net|dátarochtana=2025-11-21}}</ref> Níl líon na bhfospeiceas atá ann soiléir go leor ach dearbhaíonn formhór na n-údarás gurb ann do cheithre cinn cé go measann údaráis eile go n-athraíonn an trí fhospeiceas Astrálach de réir a chéile agus gur cheart caitheamh leo mar speiceas amháin.<ref name=":1">Legge, lch. 22</ref> * ''D. l. leachii'' is ea an speiceas ainmneach a fhaightear ó [[Brisbane|Bhrisbane]] go [[Broome]]. * ''D. l. cervina'' a fhaightear ar [[Oileán Melville]] agus an mórthír thart timpeall air. * ''D. l. cliftoni'' a fhaightear i gceantracha [[Pilbara]] agus [[Hamersley]] in iarthuaisceart na hAstráile. * ''D. l. intermedia'' a fhaightear i [[Deisceart na Nua-Ghuine|ndeisceart na Nua-Ghuine]]. ==Cur síos== Tá aosach an chúcabarra ghormeitigh thart ar 38 go 42 cm (15 go 17 or) i bhfad agus meánn sé idir 260 go 330 g. Tá sé níos lú i gcomparáid leis an chúcabarra gháiriteach le níos mó goirme sna sciatháin agus súile bána áille aige agus é gan masc dorcha an chúcabarra gháiritigh. Is troma an gob atá aige ná gob a ghaoil níos mó. Tá a cheann agus an chuid íochtarach de bánbhuí le stríoca donna. Tá sé [[Démhorfacht gnéasanna|démhorfach ó thaobh a ngnéasanna]] de le heireaball gorm ag an fhireannach agus eireaball a bharrtar le tarr-ruadhonn agus dubh ag an bhaineannach. Tá bairr agus loirg dhonna níos feiceálaí i gclúmhrach na ngearrcach, rud a fhágann go mbíonn cuma salach orthu, agus bíonn a gcuid súile donn don chéad dá bhliain ar an tsaol.<ref>Legge, lch. 37</ref> Is minic a gcuirtear glao an éin seo i gcomparáid le grágaíl gáire nó le béicíl.<ref name=":0" /> ==Dáileadh agus gnáthóg== Dáiltear an cúcabarra gormeiteach ó dheisceart na Nua-Ghuine agus codanna taise [[Tuaisceart na hAstráile]] go láthair Brisbane i ndeisceart [[Queensland]] trasna an [[Top End]] agus chomh fada síos cósta [[Iarthar na hAstráile]] le ceantar [[Shark Bay]]. Ní fhaightear an t-éan idir Broome agus [[Port Hedland]] in iarthuaisceart na hAstráile.<ref name=":1" /> Meastar gur [[speiceas is lú imní]] é ar [[Liosta Dearg an AICD]] toisc go bhfaightear go forleathan agus go coitianta laistigh dá raon mór é. Cónaíonn an cúcabarra gormeiteach i ngrúpaí chomh mór le 12 éan laistigh de choillte sabhána oscailte agus seascann ''[[Melaleuca]]'' chomh maith le talamh feirme agus plandálacha [[cána siúcra]].<ref name=":0" /> ==Iompar== === Pórú === Is póraitheoir comhoibritheach é an cúcabarra gormeiteach le grúpaí de phéire pórúcháin agus éan cabhrach amháin nó níos mó ná sin den chuid is mó a chabhraíonn le tógáil na n-éan óg.<ref>Legge, lch. 49</ref> Tarlaíonn pórúchán uair amháin sa bhliain san earrach dhéanach (mí Mheán Fómhair go mí na Nollag). Is i gcuais chrainn a fhaightear an nead go minic, thart ar 25 m (82 tr) os cionn na talún. Beirtear trí nó ceithre ubh bána atá ábhairín lonrach agus a thomhaiseann 44 mm × 35 mm (1.7 or × 1.4 or) nó beagáinín níos mó.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Beruldsen, G|date=2003|title=Australian Birds: Their Nests and Eggs|publisher=féinfhoilsithe|pages=268|location=Kenmore Hills, Queensland|issn=ISBN 0-646-42798-9.}}</ref> Gorann an baineannach na hubha ar feadh 26 lá agus fanann na héin óga thart ar 36 lá eile sa nead sula gcleiteann siad.<ref name=":0" /> Rugtar na héin óga bándearg, dall agus lomnocht (.i. ''[[altramach]]'') agus déanann siad a mbealach amach as an ubh le fiacail uibhe ar a ngob. Nochtar na chéad chleití roimh an tseachtú lá agus osclaíonn a súile ón deichiú lá ar aghaidh.<ref>Legge, lch. 64</ref> Bíonn cúcabarraí óga an-trodach laistigh den chéad sheachtain saoil agus is minic a mharaíonn na héin óga níos sine an t-éag óg is óige le linn na tréimhse seo.<ref>Legge, lgh. 92-95</ref> Nuair a bhíonn na gearrcaigh faoi lánchlúimhrí, múineann na tuismitheoirí nósanna seilge dóibh ar feadh 6-10 seachtaine eile sular féidir leo soláthar dóibh féin.<ref>Legge, lch. 59</ref> === Beathú === Seilgeann agus itheann an cúcabarra gormeiteach réimse leathan ainmhithe a chuireann fúthu ar an, nó i ngar don, talamh.<ref>Legge, lch. 42</ref> Cuimsíonn [[Feithid|feithidí]], [[Laghairt|laghairteanna]] agus [[Frog|froganna]] cuid mhaith dá aiste bia i séasúr fliuch an tsamhraidh agus itheann an t-éan seo [[Artrapód|artrapóid]] cosúil le [[Cráifisc|cráifisceanna]], [[Scairp|scairpeanna]] agus [[Damhán alla|damháin alla]] chomh maith le [[Iasc|héisc]], [[Péist talún|péisteanna talún]], [[Aves|éin]] bheaga agus [[Creimire|creimirí]] ag amanna eile.<ref name=":0" /> Tá taifid ann dá fhoighneacht agus é ag feitheamh ar fheithidí a sciobadh ón aer agus iad ag teitheadh ó thinte scrobarnaí.<ref>Legge, lch. 44</ref> ==Bagairtí== Creachann an [[spioróg mhór dhearg]] agus an [[Ulchabhán ruadhonn|t-ulchabhán ruadhonn]] an cúcabarra gormeiteach. Is éin eitilte malla iad na héin fhásta agus mar sin bíonn siad i mbaoil buailte carranna ar bhóthair faoin tuath.<ref>Legge, lch. 109</ref> Is féidir le táin píotón olóige, cuoill agus góannaí teacht i dtír ar a neadacha.[lua ag teastáil] ==Gailearaí== <gallery> Íomhá:Dacelo_leachii.jpg|Fireannach i ngéibheann Íomhá:Bluewingedadelzoo.JPG|Fireannach ar [[Ghairdín na nAinmhithe Adelaide]] Íomhá:Dacelo_leachii_Zoo_Praha_2011-3.jpg|Ar Ghairdín na nAinmhithe Prág Íomhá:Dacelo_leachii_Zoo_Praha_2011-4.jpg|Ar Ghairdín na nAinmhithe Prág Íomhá:Blue-winged_Kookaburra_(Dacelo_leachii)_-female.jpg|Baineannach Íomhá:Lednak_modrokridly.jpg|Ar [[Ghairdín na nAinmhithe Prág]] Íomhá:Blue-winged_Kookaburra.ogv|Droichead Lester, Oirdheisceart Queensland, an Astráil Íomhá:Dacelo_leachii,_Avifauna_ZvD_03.jpg|In éanlann Ísiltíreach Avifauna </gallery> == Naisc sheachtracha == * [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/index.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=1092&m=0 Bileog Eolais Speicis BirdLife] * [https://ebird.org/species/blwkoo1 Grianghraif, fuaim agus físeán den chúcabarra ghormeiteach] ó Leabharlann Mhic Amhlaoibh [[Cornell Lab of Ornithology]] * [https://www.xeno-canto.org/species/Dacelo-leachii Taifeadtaí den chúcabarra ghormeiteach] ó chartlann fuaime Xeno-canto ==Tagairtí== {{Reflist}} {{Commonscat|Dacelo leachii|audio=0|video=0}} {{Halcyoninae}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q854856}} [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] [[Catagóir:Dacelo]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1826]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na hAstráile]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na Nua-Ghuine]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas is lú imní de chuid an AICD]] 28eue2kh5qbh73sxdfh4m1ojg8kdghz 14 119477 1323183 1268041 2026-08-07T00:21:01Z TGcoa 21229 1323183 wikitext text/x-wiki {{DEFAULTSORT:Téarmaiocht an Bhearla}} [[Catagóir:Tearmaíocht de réir teanga|Bearla]] [[Catagóir:An Béarla]] q7wxwqb1dvfwbszld2a1pijkgud06w7 1323185 1323183 2026-08-07T00:23:28Z TGcoa 21229 1323185 wikitext text/x-wiki {{DEFAULTSORT:Téarmaiocht an Bhearla}} [[Catagóir:Téarmaíocht de réir teanga|Bearla]] [[Catagóir:An Béarla]] r3t18ih9yw7579w3666eltz8yac3jgl 14 119478 1323181 1268043 2026-08-07T00:20:10Z TGcoa 21229 Bhog TGcoa an leathanach [[Catagóir:Tearmaíocht de réir teanga]] go [[Catagóir:Téarmaíocht de réir teanga]] 1268043 wikitext text/x-wiki {{DEFAULTSORT:Tearmaiocht de reir teanga}} [[Catagóir:Téarmaíocht|*]] jf468e80hfb9j43swn4xspb5w1rcvgt 14 119482 1323184 1287452 2026-08-07T00:21:40Z TGcoa 21229 1323184 wikitext text/x-wiki {{DEFAULTSORT:Tearmaiocht na Gaeilge}} [[Catagóir:Téarmaíocht de réir teanga|Gaeilge]] [[Catagóir:An Ghaeilge]] g4pnhbdn864ph7ozdccviaagec709ur 2 120472 1322878 1322455 2026-08-06T12:28:58Z ListeriaBot 25319 Wikidata list updated [V2] 1322878 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikidata list | sparql = SELECT ?item ?itemLabel WHERE { ?item wdt:P17 wd:Q27. ?item rdfs:label ?itemLabel. FILTER(CONTAINS(LCASE(?itemLabel), "wicklow mountains")) FILTER(LANG(?itemLabel) = "en" || LANG(?itemLabel) = "ga" || LANG(?itemLabel) = "ro") } | columns = label:Alt, item:Mír }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Alt ! Mír |- | [[Sléibhte Chill Mhantáin]] | [[:d:Q945002|Q945002]] |- | [[Páirc Náisiúnta Shléibhte Chill Mhantáin]] | [[:d:Q3364505|Q3364505]] |- | ''[[:d:Q100553270|European Communities (Conservation of Wild Birds (Wicklow Mountains Special Protection Area 004040)) Regulations 2012]]'' | [[:d:Q100553270|Q100553270]] |- | ''[[:d:Q128578262|Sléibhte Chill Mhantáin (LCS)]]'' | [[:d:Q128578262|Q128578262]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} ofzj7em3u3uxf2hmhtidude2ev9u50r 2 120600 1323176 1322753 2026-08-06T22:05:55Z Marcas.oduinn 33120 1323176 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ceanntásc == (an t)Údarás um..., (an) G(h)níomhaireacht um... (an) Comhbheartas Talmhaíochta. Cé acu sa teideal? Féach: * [http://www.gaois.ie gaois.ie]. * ''Wikidata list'' [[Úsáideoir:Marcas.oduinn/Clár Dubh/Wikidata list/Contaetha na hÉireann#Réigiún na hÉireann|Réigiúin na hÉireann]]. === Réigiún === {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top;" ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin NUTS |- | style="text-align:center" | [[Íomhá:IrelandRegions.png | center]] | align=center | [[Íomhá:NUTS3 Boundaries Ireland.png | center]] |- | style="vertical-align:top;" | Réigiúin na hÉireann: * (A) Tuaisceart * (B) Iarthar * (C) Iardheisceart * (D) Oirdheisceart * (E) Oirthear [BÁC] * (F) [[Lár na Tíre (Éire)]] | style="vertical-align:top;" | '''Réigiúin''' NUTS 3 na hÉireann: * [[Réigiún na Teorann|Teorainn]] * [[Réigiún an Iarthair|Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún Lár na Tíre|Lár na Tíre]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Oirthir|Lár-Oirthear]] * [[Réigiún Bhaile Átha Cliath|Baile Átha Cliath]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Iarthair|Lár-Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún an Oirdheiscirt|Oirdheisceart]] * [[Réigiún an Iardheiscirt|Iardheisceart]] |} {| |- | [[Íomhá:Newborderregionboundary.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Border region.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map West region.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map Midlands.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid East Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Mid-East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Island_of_Ireland_location_map_Dublin.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:SE Region Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map South East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map South West.svg | 80px]] |} === Acrainm === * [[Aicmiú Comhchoiteann na nAonad Críche maidir le Staidreamh|NUTS]] - Acáise * [[Comhordú an Eolais ar an Timpeallacht|CORINE]] - Ceolta * [[CORDIS]] - SeoTaifeach * [[Inter-Active Terminology for Europe|IATE]] - Tighe == Eile == {{tl|Gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|state=collapsed}} * [[Gníomhaireacht Sábháilteachta Eitlíochta an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2002), [[Institiúid Eorpach um Nuálaíocht agus Teicneolaíocht]] (2008), [[Comhlacht na Rialálaithe Eorpacha um Chumarsáid Leictreonach]] (BEREC) (2009) &leftarrow; (BEREC Office) - [[Gníomhaireacht Tacaíochta BEREC]] (2018), [[an tÚdarás um Páirtithe Polaitiúla Eorpacha agus um Fhondúireachtaí Polaitiúla Eorpacha]] (2016), [[EU-CyCLONe]] (2020), [[Údarás Custaim an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2026) * [[:Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EISMEA), an [[Lárionad Eorpach Inniúlachta um Thionsclaíocht, Teicneolaíocht agus Taighde Cibearshlándála]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Oideachas agus Cultúr]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol]] (CINEA) # ''[[:en:European Research Executive Agency|Research]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:European Research Council Executive Agency|Research Council]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development|Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development]] - [[Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch]] # ''[[:en:European Green Deal|European Green Deal]]'' - <s>an [[Comhaontú Glas Don Eoraip]]=</s>an[[Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip]] (&rightarrow; [[Dlí Athchóirithe Nádúir an Aontais Eorpaigh]]) #* [[Fís Eorpach]], [[Clár LIFE]] == Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch == '' The '''Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development''', also called '''Framework Programmes''' or abbreviated '''FP1''' to '''FP9''', are funding programmes created by the [[Aontas Eorpach]]/[[Coimisiún Eorpach]] to support and foster research in the [[European Research Area]] (ERA). Starting in 2014, the funding programmes were named '''Horizon'''. '' The funding programmes began in 1984 and continue to the present day. The most recent programme, [[Fís Eorpach]], has a budget of 95.5 billion Euros to be distributed over seven years. '' The specific objectives and actions vary between funding periods. In FP6 and FP7, focus was on technological research. In [[Fís 2020]], the focus was on innovation, delivering economic growth faster, and delivering solutions to end users that are often governmental agencies. == Stair Conducting European research policies and implementing European research programmes is an obligation under the [[Conradh Amstardam]], which includes a chapter on research and technological development. The programmes are defined by commission civil servants who are aided by various official advisory group and lobby groups. To advise the an Coimisiún Eorpach on the overall strategy to be followed in carrying out the Information and Communication Technology thematic priority, the Information Society Technologies Advisory Group (ISTAG) was set up. <ref name=:0>{{lua idirlín | url = http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | teideal = ISTAG website | foilsitheoir = cordis.lu | dáta = 20 Deireadh Fómhair 2011 | dátarochtana = 29 Samhain 2011 | archive-date=26 April 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060426010836/http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | url-status=dead}}</ref> == The framework programmes '' The framework programmes, up until Framework Programme 6 (FP6), covered five-year periods; but from Framework Programme 7 (FP7) onward, programmes run for seven years. The Framework Programmes, and their budgets in billions of Euros, are presented in the table below. <ref name=>Artis, M. J. and F. Nixson, Eds. "The Economics of the European Union: Policy and Analysis" (4th ed.), Oxford University Press 2007</ref> For FP1–FP5, program expenditures were made in [[Aonad Airgeadra Eorpach]]; from FP6 onward budgets were in Euros. The values presented below are in Euros. {| class="wikitable" |- ! ID !! Framework programme !! Period !! Budget (billion €) |- | FP1 || First <ref name=cead>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31983Y0804(01) Council resolution of 25 July 1983 on framework programmes for Community research, development and demonstration activities and a first framework programme 1984 to 1987]; OJ C208 – 04/08/1983; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1984–1987 || 3.8 |- | FP2 || Second <ref name=dara>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31987D0516 Council Decision of 28 September 1987 concerning the framework programme for Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1987 to 1991)]; OJ L302 – 24 October 1987; 87/516/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1987–1991 || 5.4 |- | FP3 || Third <ref name=triu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31990D0221 Council Decision of 23 April 1990 concerning the framework Programme of Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1990 to 1994)]; OJ L117 – 08/05/1990; 90/221/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1990–1994 || 6.6 |- | FP4 || Fourth <ref name=ceathru>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31994D1110 Decision No 1110/94/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 April 1994 concerning the fourth framework programme of the European Community activities in the field of research and technological development and demonstration]; OJ L126 – 18 May 1994; No 1110/94/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1994–1998 || 13.2 |- | FP5 || Fifth <ref name=cuigiu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31999D0182 Decision No 182/1999/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 December 1998 concerning the fifth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (1998 to 2002)]; OJ L26 – 01/02/1999; No 182/1999/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1998–2002 || 15.0 |- | FP6 || Sixth <ref name=seu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32002D1513 Decision No 1513/2002/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2002 concerning the sixth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities, contributing to the creation of the European Research Area and to innovation (2002 to 2006)]; OJ L232 – 29 August 2002; No 1513/2002/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 2002–2006 || 16.3 |- | FP7 || Seventh || 2007–2013 || 50.5 over seven years<br />+ 2.7 for [[Euratom]] over five years <ref name=fp7>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/fp7/understanding/fp7inbrief/structure_en.html |title= How is FP 7 structured? from FP7 in Brief | foilsitheoir = European Commission | dátarochtana = 31 Iúil 2011}}</ref> |- | FP8 || [[Fís 2020]] (ochtú) <ref name=Cordis2020>{{lua idirlín | teideal = The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_ga.cfm?pg=h2020 | dátarochtana = 19 Iúil 2012}}</ref> || 2014–2020 || 77 <ref name=>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/horizon2020/document.cfm?doc_id=17607 | retail = Research and innovation funding: making a real difference | dáta =2016|website=European Commission |dátarochtana = 30 Eanáir 2018}}</ref> |- | FP9 || [[Fís Eorpach]] <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |last=Cordis|title=The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation|url=http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_en.cfm?pg=h2020https://ec.europa.eu/info/horizon-europe-next-research-and-innovation-framework-programme_en|access-date=15 August 2019}}</ref> || 2021–2027 || 95.5 <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/funding/funding-opportunities/funding-programmes-and-open-calls/horizon-europe_en | title=Horizon Europe | date=22 December 2025 }}</ref> <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://eufunds.me/what-is-the-budget-of-horizon-europe/ | title=What is the budget of Horizon Europe? | date=6 May 2021 }}</ref> |- | FP10 | Horizon Europe | 2028-2034 | 175 (''proposal'') <ref name=>{{Cite web |title=EU budget 2028-2034 |url=https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/eu-budget/long-term-eu-budget/eu-budget-2028-2034_en |access-date=2025-07-22 |website=commission.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> |} == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip == [[Íomhá:CO2_emissions_EU.svg | mion | ''Development of CO₂ emissions in the [[European Union]]]] [[Íomhá:Co-emissions-per-capita (2).png | mion | ''CO₂ emissions per capita in the European Union]] [[Íomhá:CO2 emission pie chart.svg | mion | ''Global [[List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions|carbon dioxide emissions]] by jurisdiction, 2023]] '' The '''Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip''' <ref name=iate />(Béarla: '''European Green Deal'''), approved in 2020, is a set of policy initiatives by the [[an Coimisiún Eorpach]] with the overarching aim of making the [[Aontas Eorpach]] (AE) [[Net-zero emissions|climate neutral]] in 2050.<ref name=politico2019 /><ref name=:0 /> The plan is to review each existing law on its climate merits, and also introduce new legislation on the [[geilleagar ciorclach]], [[athchóiriú foirgneamh]], [[Bithéagsúlacht]], talamhaíocht agus [[nuálaíocht]].<ref name=:0 /> '' The president of the European Commission, [[Ursula von der Leyen]], stated that the European Green Deal would be Europe's "man on the moon moment".<ref name=:0 /> On 13 December 2019, the [[European Council]] decided to press ahead with the plan, with an opt-out for [[an Pholainn]]. <ref name=>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/dec/13/european-green-deal-to-press-ahead-despite-polish-targets-opt-out|title=European Green Deal to press ahead despite Polish targets opt-out| sloinne =Rankin|first=Jennifer|date=13 December 2019|work=The Guardian|access-date=29 December 2019|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> On 15 January 2020, [[Parlaimint na hEorpa]] voted to support the deal as well, with requests for higher ambition. <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |url=https://www.europeaninterest.eu/article/parliament-supports-european-green-deal/|title=Parliament supports European Green Deal|last=Benakis|first=Theodoros|date=15 January 2020|website=European Interest|access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref> A year later, the European Climate Law was passed, which legislated that [[Astaíochtaí gás ceaptha teasa]] should be 55% lower in 2030 compared to 1990. The [[Fit for 55]] package is a large set of proposed legislation detailing how the European Union plans to reach this target. <ref>{{Cite report | url = https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Climate-change-law-in-Europe-what-do-new-EU-climate-laws-mean-for-the-courts.pdf |title=Climate change law in Europe: What do new EU climate laws mean for the courts? |last1=Higham |first1=Catherine |last2=Setzer |first2=Joana |date=March 2023 |publisher=[[Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment]] |page=3 |last3=Narulla |first3=Harj |last4=Bradeen |first4=Emily |access-date=2 April 2023}}</ref> ETS2 is the new [[European Union Emissions Trading System|EU Emissions Trading System]] that will enter into force in 2027 and, for the first time in history, will set a price for CO2 emissions from fuels used in the building and road transport sectors.<ref name="ETS2"/> '' The [[an Coimisiún Eorpach]]'s climate change strategy, launched in 2020, is focused on a promise to make Europe a [[Carbon neutrality|net-zero]] emitter of [[greenhouse gas]]es by 2050 and to demonstrate that economies will develop without increasing resource usage. However, the Green Deal has measures to ensure that nations that are already reliant on [[fossil fuels]] are not left behind in the transition to renewable energy. <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |title=International investors enter Poland renewable energy market after rule change|url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/poland-renewable-energy|access-date=20 May 2021|website=European Investment Bank}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Unconventional Mitigation|url=https://www.swp-berlin.org/10.18449/2020RP08/|access-date=20 May 2021|journal=SWP Research Paper|year=2020|doi=10.18449/2020RP08|last1=Geden|first1=Oliver|last2=Schenuit|first2=Felix|author3=Stiftung Wissenschaft Und Politik}}</ref> <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |title=€33 trillion investor group: strong EU climate targets key to economic recovery & future growth|website=IIGCC|url=https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/|access-date=20 May 2021|archive-date=9 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230109195100/https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/}}</ref> The green transition is a top priority for Europe. The EU member states want to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030 from 1990 levels, and become climate neutral by 2050. <ref name=eib.org>{{lua idirlín |title=Europe needs to forge ahead with renewable energy |url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/renewable-energy-europe-africa |access-date=23 December 2022 | work =European Investment Bank}}</ref> <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |title=Fit for 55 |url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/green-deal/fit-for-55-the-eu-plan-for-a-green-transition/ |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=consilium.europa.eu}}</ref> <ref name=>{{Cite journal |last1=Jaeger |first1=Carlo |last2=Mielke |first2=Jahel |last3=Schütze |first3=Franziska |last4=Teitge |first4=Jonas |last5=Wolf |first5=Sarah |date=2021 |title=The European Green Deal – More Than Climate Neutrality |url=https://www.intereconomics.eu/contents/year/2021/number/2/article/the-european-green-deal-more-than-climate-neutrality.html |journal=Intereconomics |volume=2021 |issue=2 |pages=99–107}}</ref> <ref name=>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Net Zero Coalition |url=https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/net-zero-coalition |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=United Nations}}</ref> '' Von der Leyen appointed [[Frans Timmermans]] as Executive Vice President of the European Commission for the European Green Deal in 2019. He was succeeded by [[Maroš Šefčovič]] in 2023, <ref name=climateaction>{{lua idirlín | sloinne = Mathiesen | ainm = Karl |last2=Weise |first2=Zia |last3=Lynch |first3=Suzanne |date=22 August 2023 |title=Šefčovič replaces Timmermans as EU Green Deal chief | url = https://www.politico.eu/article/frans-timmermans-quit-eu-climate-chief-return-dutch-politics/ |access-date=31 December 2023 |website=[[Politico Europe]]}}</ref> and [[Teresa Ribera]] in 2024. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/3582003/ga | teideal = Téarma: an Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 06-08-2026}}</ref> <ref name=politico2019>{{lua idirlín | url = https://www.politico.eu/article/the-commissions-green-deal-plan-unveiled/|title=Europe's Green Deal plan unveiled | sloinne = Tamma | ainm = Paola | last2=Schaart | first2=Eline | dáta = 11 Nollaig 2019 | work = politico.eu | dátarochtana = 29 Nollaig 2019 | last3=Gurzu | first3=Anca}}</ref> <ref name=:0>{{lua idirlín |url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy-environment/news/eu-commission-unveils-european-green-deal-the-key-points/ | teideal = EU Commission unveils 'European Green Deal': The key points | sloinne = Simon |ainm = Frédéric | dáta = 11 Nollaig 2019 | work = euractiv.com | dátarochtana = 29 Nollaig 2019}}</ref> }} == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde == | headquarters = [[an Bhruiséil]], [[an Bheilg]] | leader_name = Marc Tachelet Is [[gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|gníomhaireacht feidhmiúcháin]] an [[an Coimisiún Eorpach|Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde'''<ref name=iate /> (Béarla: ''European Research Executive Agency'' ('''REA'''). '' Established in 2007, it manages parts of the European Union's research and innovation programmes, including [[Horizon Europe]] and the [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]], and provides administrative support for EU-funded research projects.<ref name=about /><ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Stair '' The agency was established by the European Commission on 14 December 2007 to implement parts of the [[Seventh Framework Programme]].<ref name=CELEX:32008D0046 /> Its mandate was extended in 2013 to manage significant parts of [[Horizon 2020]], the EU's framework programme for research and innovation for 2014–2020.<ref name=CELEX:32013D0778 /> '' In 2021, the Commission renewed the agency's mandate for the 2021–2027 financial period through Implementing Decision (EU) 2021/173, under which the REA became one of six executive agencies responsible for implementing programmes funded under the EU budget.<ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Freagrachtaí '' Since 2021, the REA has managed parts of several European Union programmes, including: * [[Fís Eorpach]], particularly: ** [[Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions]] ** Research infrastructures ** Cnuasach 2: Culture, Creativity and Inclusive Society ** Cnuasach 3: Civil Security for Society ** Cnuasach 6: Food, Bioeconomy, Natural Resources, Agriculture and Environment ** Widening participation and spreading excellence ** Reforming and enhancing the European research and innovation system * [[Fís 2020]] * Promotion of agricultural products * [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]] '' The agency also manages the Commission's [[Research Enquiry Service]], coordinates the evaluation of research proposals by independent experts, provides administrative support to beneficiaries of EU funding programmes, and carries out legal and financial validation of grants and procurement procedures.<ref name=resp /> == Rialtas '' The REA is an executive agency of the European Commission and operates under the supervision of the Commission. It is headed by a director and overseen by a steering committee composed of representatives of the Commission departments responsible for the programmes managed by the agency.<ref name=org /> == Buiséad '' For the 2021–2027 programming period, the REA manages approximately €22.7&nbsp;billion in EU funding. During the [[Horizon 2020]] programme (2014–2020), it managed around €17&nbsp;billion, compared with €6.4&nbsp;billion under the [[Seventh Framework Programme]] (2007–2013).<ref name=about /> == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/3591743/ga | teideal = Téarma: an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32021D0173>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32021D0173 | teideal = Cinneadh Cur Chun Feidhme (AE) 2021/173 ón gCoimisiún an 12 Feabhra 2021 lena mbunaítear ... '''an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde''' ... | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32008D0046>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32008D0046 | teideal = 2008/46/EC: Commission Decision of 14 December 2007 setting up the Research Executive Agency for the management of certain areas of the specific Community programmes People, Capacities and Cooperation in the field of research in application of Council Regulation (EC) No 58/2003 | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32013D0778>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32013D0778 | teideal = Decision No 778/2013/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 August 2013 providing further macro-financial assistance to Georgia | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=about>{{lua idirlín | teideal = About REA | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_en |publisher=European Commission | dátarochtana = 26 Meitheamh 2026}}</ref> <ref name=resp>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Responsibilities | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us/what-we-do_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> <ref name=org>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Organisation | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> }} [[Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde == {{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} | location = [[an Bhruiséil]] '' The í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde''' (Béarla: '''European Research Council''' ('''ERC''')) is a public body for funding of scientific and technological research conducted within the [[European Union]] (EU). Established a bhliain 2007, the ERC is composed of an independent Scientific Council, its governing body consisting of distinguished researchers, and an Executive Agency, in charge of the implementation. It forms part of the framework programme of the union dedicated to research and innovation, [[Horizon 2020]], preceded by the [[Seventh Research Framework Programme]] (FP7). '' The ERC budget was over €13 billion from 2014 – 2020 and comes from the [[Horizon 2020]] programme, a part of the European Union's budget. Under Horizon 2020 it is estimated that around 7,000 ERC grantees will be funded and 42,000 team members supported, including 11,000 doctoral students and almost 16,000 post-doctoral researchers. The ERC awards to individuals are widely considered to be either among the most, or else the most prestigious grant for academics in Europe. <ref>{{cite news |last1=Amos |first1=Jonathan |title=European research goes for gold |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/mobile/science/nature/6399157.stm |access-date=16 May 2025 |agency=BBC |date=27 February 2007}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=Boe |first1=Mariangela |title=Striving for excellence with ERC funding |url=https://yerun.eu/2024/09/striving-for-excellence-with-erc-funding/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Yerun |date=24 September 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=matthews |first1=niall |title=Prestigious European Research Council award successes for Irish-based researchers |url=https://www.researchireland.ie/news/european-research-council-award-irish-based-researchers/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Research Ireland |date=5 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Frontier-led research, the ERC and the role of university communities in securing their future |url=https://www.the-guild.eu/news-and-blog/news/2017/1frontier-led-research-the-erc-and-the-role-of-univ.html |website=The Guild |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Increasing your researchers' chances of winning ERC grants {{!}} EURAXESS |url=https://www.euraxess.me/montenegro/news/increasing-your-researchers-chances-winning-erc-grants |website=www.euraxess.me |access-date=16 May 2025 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=An introduction to ERC Starting and Consolidator Grants |url=https://worldfactory.de/veranstaltungen/details/an-introduction-to-erc-starting-and-consolidator-grants-345 |website=worldfactory.de |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> '' Researchers from any field can compete for the grants that support pioneering projects. The ERC competitions are open to top researchers also from outside the union. The average success rate is about 12%. <ref>{{Citation| title=basic statistics for ERC funding activities| date=22 February 2017| url=http://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| access-date=12 October 2012| archive-date=2 October 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002070911/https://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| url-status=live}}</ref> Five ERC grantees have won Nobel Prizes. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|title=ERA Portal Austria – Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine goes to two ERC grantees|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=8 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308013059/https://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|title=ERC starting grant holder wins Nobel physics prize – Science-Business|website=sciencebusiness.net|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=2 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230902160227/https://sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |title=ERC grant holder awarded Nobel Prize in physics &#124; Idconsortium Consultoria Investigación + Desarrollo + Innovación (I+D+i) |access-date=2015-09-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304130551/http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |archive-date=4 March 2016 }}</ref> Grant applications are assessed by qualified experts. Excellence is the sole criterion for selection; there are neither thematic priorities, nor geographical quotas for funding. The aim is to recognise the best ideas, and confer status and visibility to the best research in Europe, while also attracting talent from abroad. '' Along with national funding bodies, the ERC aims to improve the climate for European frontier research. The Scientific Council has been keen to learn from the ERC's peers in national research councils (European and overseas) and to engage in dialogue and appropriate collaboration. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir: Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Tíreolaíocht == [[Réigiún na Teorann]] === Geografaíocht fhisiceach [[Íomhá:Glencar waterfall01.jpg| thumb | 170px | [[Loch Ghleann an Chairthe|Eas Ghleann an Chairthe]], Liatroim]] '' The region encompasses the entire northwest coast of Ireland along the [[an tAigéan Atlantach]]. Two of Ireland's longest rivers, [[an tSionainn]] and the [[an Éirne]], agus an [[Uiscebhealach na Sionainne is na hÉirne]] eatarthu. Cavan and Monaghan in the east of the region are characterized by a drumlin landscape, with hundreds of loughs interspersed between. [[Loch Aillionn]] in Leitrim is the region's largest lake, at 35 km². '' The west of the region, from [[Teallach Eathach]], County Cavan, to the Atlantic coast is largely rocky and mountainous, with coastal cliffs but also beaches in counties Sligo, Donegal and Leitrim. Leitrim has the smallest coastline of any county, at just 5&nbsp;km in length, while Donegal has the longest, at 1,134&nbsp;km. === Foraoiseacht '' there is a total of 130,345 ha of forest and woodland cover in the Border Region, equating to 11.3% of the region's land area, the national average.<ref name=govagri2017 /> '' Traditionally, the region had a very low cover forest and planting schemes were undertaken by the Department of Agriculture or [[Comhlachtaí státurraithe na hÉireann|comhlachtaí státurraithe]] such as [[Coillte]]. County Leitrim is now Ireland's most forested county at 18.9% forest cover. However, over 50% of Leitrim's forests are in private ownership.<ref name=govagri2006 /> === Aeráid '' Under [[Aicmiú aeráide Köppen]], the region experiences a maritime [[aeráid mheasartha]] [[aeráid aigéanach]], meaning cool winters, mild humid summers, and a lack of temperature extremes. Summer daytime temperatures range between 15°C agus 22°C, rarely going beyond 25°C. While the region generally experiences mild winters, upland areas typically have snow. Humidity is high year round and rainfall ranges from ~1,250&nbsp;mm ([[Marcréidh]], Sligeach) to ~1,000&nbsp;mm ([[Béal Átha hÉis]], Cabhán), evenly distributed throughout the year. <ref name=metclimate /> === Geolaíocht [[Íomhá: Benbulben2.jpg | thumb | 200px | [[Binn Ghulbain]], Contae Shligigh]] '' There are many large mountain ranges and high sea cliffs in the region, such as the [[Sléibhte Dhoire Bheatha]], [[Sliabh Liag]], the [[Binn Chuilceach]] agus [[Binn Ghulbain]]. The region is generally underlain by [[an tOrdaivíseach]] and [[an Siolúrach]] sceallaí agus gréabhacaí, laid down 417-495 million years ago. These are found in eastern Cavan and Monaghan. The bedrock of western Cavan, Leitrim and Sligo is composed mostly of [[carbónmhar]] limestones that were laid roughly 355 million years ago. However, a 1.5 billion year old narrow strip of metamorphosed gneisses extend across Sligo near [[Sliabh Gamh]].<ref name=geocavan /><ref name=geosligo /> '' County Donegal has one of the most complex geologies in Ireland. Much of the county is underlain by [[Réamhchaimbriach]] gneiss, schist and quartzite, laid down during the Grenvillian Orogeny 700 million years ago. The Border Region's highest point, [[An Earagail]], at 751 m, is composed of Precambrian quartzite. '' Ireland's oldest rocks, laid down 1.78 billion years ago, are found on the island of [[Inis Trá Tholl]].<ref name=gsi /> Inis Trá Tholl is Ireland's most northerly island, located approximately 10&nbsp;km north of [[Cionn Mhálanna]], mainland Ireland's most northerly point. '' [[Loch Súilí]] in Donegal is one of Ireland's three fjords. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Buntásc == __NOINDEX__ __NOTOC__ 915xhjii5kxkx2xw8ysu1tr874gepsf 1323177 1323176 2026-08-06T22:15:54Z Marcas.oduinn 33120 /* Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip */ 1323177 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ceanntásc == (an t)Údarás um..., (an) G(h)níomhaireacht um... (an) Comhbheartas Talmhaíochta. Cé acu sa teideal? Féach: * [http://www.gaois.ie gaois.ie]. * ''Wikidata list'' [[Úsáideoir:Marcas.oduinn/Clár Dubh/Wikidata list/Contaetha na hÉireann#Réigiún na hÉireann|Réigiúin na hÉireann]]. === Réigiún === {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top;" ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin NUTS |- | style="text-align:center" | [[Íomhá:IrelandRegions.png | center]] | align=center | [[Íomhá:NUTS3 Boundaries Ireland.png | center]] |- | style="vertical-align:top;" | Réigiúin na hÉireann: * (A) Tuaisceart * (B) Iarthar * (C) Iardheisceart * (D) Oirdheisceart * (E) Oirthear [BÁC] * (F) [[Lár na Tíre (Éire)]] | style="vertical-align:top;" | '''Réigiúin''' NUTS 3 na hÉireann: * [[Réigiún na Teorann|Teorainn]] * [[Réigiún an Iarthair|Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún Lár na Tíre|Lár na Tíre]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Oirthir|Lár-Oirthear]] * [[Réigiún Bhaile Átha Cliath|Baile Átha Cliath]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Iarthair|Lár-Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún an Oirdheiscirt|Oirdheisceart]] * [[Réigiún an Iardheiscirt|Iardheisceart]] |} {| |- | [[Íomhá:Newborderregionboundary.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Border region.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map West region.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map Midlands.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid East Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Mid-East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Island_of_Ireland_location_map_Dublin.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:SE Region Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map South East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map South West.svg | 80px]] |} === Acrainm === * [[Aicmiú Comhchoiteann na nAonad Críche maidir le Staidreamh|NUTS]] - Acáise * [[Comhordú an Eolais ar an Timpeallacht|CORINE]] - Ceolta * [[CORDIS]] - SeoTaifeach * [[Inter-Active Terminology for Europe|IATE]] - Tighe == Eile == {{tl|Gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|state=collapsed}} * [[Gníomhaireacht Sábháilteachta Eitlíochta an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2002), [[Institiúid Eorpach um Nuálaíocht agus Teicneolaíocht]] (2008), [[Comhlacht na Rialálaithe Eorpacha um Chumarsáid Leictreonach]] (BEREC) (2009) &leftarrow; (BEREC Office) - [[Gníomhaireacht Tacaíochta BEREC]] (2018), [[an tÚdarás um Páirtithe Polaitiúla Eorpacha agus um Fhondúireachtaí Polaitiúla Eorpacha]] (2016), [[EU-CyCLONe]] (2020), [[Údarás Custaim an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2026) * [[:Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EISMEA), an [[Lárionad Eorpach Inniúlachta um Thionsclaíocht, Teicneolaíocht agus Taighde Cibearshlándála]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Oideachas agus Cultúr]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol]] (CINEA) # ''[[:en:European Research Executive Agency|Research]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:European Research Council Executive Agency|Research Council]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development|Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development]] - [[Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch]] # ''[[:en:European Green Deal|European Green Deal]]'' - <s>an [[Comhaontú Glas Don Eoraip]]=</s>an[[Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip]] (&rightarrow; [[Dlí Athchóirithe Nádúir an Aontais Eorpaigh]]) #* [[Fís Eorpach]], [[Clár LIFE]] == Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch == '' The '''Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development''', also called '''Framework Programmes''' or abbreviated '''FP1''' to '''FP9''', are funding programmes created by the [[Aontas Eorpach]]/[[Coimisiún Eorpach]] to support and foster research in the [[European Research Area]] (ERA). Starting in 2014, the funding programmes were named '''Horizon'''. '' The funding programmes began in 1984 and continue to the present day. The most recent programme, [[Fís Eorpach]], has a budget of 95.5 billion Euros to be distributed over seven years. '' The specific objectives and actions vary between funding periods. In FP6 and FP7, focus was on technological research. In [[Fís 2020]], the focus was on innovation, delivering economic growth faster, and delivering solutions to end users that are often governmental agencies. == Stair Conducting European research policies and implementing European research programmes is an obligation under the [[Conradh Amstardam]], which includes a chapter on research and technological development. The programmes are defined by commission civil servants who are aided by various official advisory group and lobby groups. To advise the an Coimisiún Eorpach on the overall strategy to be followed in carrying out the Information and Communication Technology thematic priority, the Information Society Technologies Advisory Group (ISTAG) was set up. <ref name=:0>{{lua idirlín | url = http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | teideal = ISTAG website | foilsitheoir = cordis.lu | dáta = 20 Deireadh Fómhair 2011 | dátarochtana = 29 Samhain 2011 | archive-date=26 April 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060426010836/http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | url-status=dead}}</ref> == The framework programmes '' The framework programmes, up until Framework Programme 6 (FP6), covered five-year periods; but from Framework Programme 7 (FP7) onward, programmes run for seven years. The Framework Programmes, and their budgets in billions of Euros, are presented in the table below. <ref name=>Artis, M. J. and F. Nixson, Eds. "The Economics of the European Union: Policy and Analysis" (4th ed.), Oxford University Press 2007</ref> For FP1–FP5, program expenditures were made in [[Aonad Airgeadra Eorpach]]; from FP6 onward budgets were in Euros. The values presented below are in Euros. {| class="wikitable" |- ! ID !! Framework programme !! Period !! Budget (billion €) |- | FP1 || First <ref name=cead>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31983Y0804(01) Council resolution of 25 July 1983 on framework programmes for Community research, development and demonstration activities and a first framework programme 1984 to 1987]; OJ C208 – 04/08/1983; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1984–1987 || 3.8 |- | FP2 || Second <ref name=dara>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31987D0516 Council Decision of 28 September 1987 concerning the framework programme for Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1987 to 1991)]; OJ L302 – 24 October 1987; 87/516/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1987–1991 || 5.4 |- | FP3 || Third <ref name=triu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31990D0221 Council Decision of 23 April 1990 concerning the framework Programme of Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1990 to 1994)]; OJ L117 – 08/05/1990; 90/221/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1990–1994 || 6.6 |- | FP4 || Fourth <ref name=ceathru>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31994D1110 Decision No 1110/94/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 April 1994 concerning the fourth framework programme of the European Community activities in the field of research and technological development and demonstration]; OJ L126 – 18 May 1994; No 1110/94/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1994–1998 || 13.2 |- | FP5 || Fifth <ref name=cuigiu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31999D0182 Decision No 182/1999/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 December 1998 concerning the fifth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (1998 to 2002)]; OJ L26 – 01/02/1999; No 182/1999/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1998–2002 || 15.0 |- | FP6 || Sixth <ref name=seu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32002D1513 Decision No 1513/2002/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2002 concerning the sixth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities, contributing to the creation of the European Research Area and to innovation (2002 to 2006)]; OJ L232 – 29 August 2002; No 1513/2002/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 2002–2006 || 16.3 |- | FP7 || Seventh || 2007–2013 || 50.5 over seven years<br />+ 2.7 for [[Euratom]] over five years <ref name=fp7>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/fp7/understanding/fp7inbrief/structure_en.html |title= How is FP 7 structured? from FP7 in Brief | foilsitheoir = European Commission | dátarochtana = 31 Iúil 2011}}</ref> |- | FP8 || [[Fís 2020]] (ochtú) <ref name=Cordis2020>{{lua idirlín | teideal = The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_ga.cfm?pg=h2020 | dátarochtana = 19 Iúil 2012}}</ref> || 2014–2020 || 77 <ref name=>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/horizon2020/document.cfm?doc_id=17607 | retail = Research and innovation funding: making a real difference | dáta =2016|website=European Commission |dátarochtana = 30 Eanáir 2018}}</ref> |- | FP9 || [[Fís Eorpach]] <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |last=Cordis|title=The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation|url=http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_en.cfm?pg=h2020https://ec.europa.eu/info/horizon-europe-next-research-and-innovation-framework-programme_en|access-date=15 August 2019}}</ref> || 2021–2027 || 95.5 <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/funding/funding-opportunities/funding-programmes-and-open-calls/horizon-europe_en | title=Horizon Europe | date=22 December 2025 }}</ref> <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://eufunds.me/what-is-the-budget-of-horizon-europe/ | title=What is the budget of Horizon Europe? | date=6 May 2021 }}</ref> |- | FP10 | Horizon Europe | 2028-2034 | 175 (''proposal'') <ref name=>{{Cite web |title=EU budget 2028-2034 |url=https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/eu-budget/long-term-eu-budget/eu-budget-2028-2034_en |access-date=2025-07-22 |website=commission.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> |} == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip == [[Íomhá:CO2_emissions_EU.svg | mion | ''Development of CO₂ emissions in the [[European Union]]]] [[Íomhá:Co-emissions-per-capita (2).png | mion | ''CO₂ emissions per capita in the European Union]] [[Íomhá:CO2 emission pie chart.svg | mion | ''Global [[List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions|carbon dioxide emissions]] by jurisdiction, 2023]] '' The '''Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip'''<ref name=iate /> (Béarla: '''European Green Deal'''), approved in 2020, is a set of policy initiatives by the [[an Coimisiún Eorpach]] with the overarching aim of making the [[Aontas Eorpach]] (AE) [[Net-zero emissions|climate neutral]] in 2050.<ref name=politico2019 /><ref name=:0 /> The plan is to review each existing law on its climate merits, and also introduce new legislation on the [[geilleagar ciorclach]], [[athchóiriú foirgneamh]], [[Bithéagsúlacht]], talamhaíocht agus [[nuálaíocht]].<ref name=:0 /> '' The president of the European Commission, [[Ursula von der Leyen]], stated that the European Green Deal would be Europe's "man on the moon moment".<ref name=:0 /> On 13 December 2019, the [[an Chomhairle Eorpaigh]] decided to press ahead with the plan, with an opt-out for [[an Pholainn]]. <ref name=guardian2019 /> On 15 January 2020, [[Parlaimint na hEorpa]] voted to support the deal as well, with requests for higher ambition.<ref name=interest2020 /> A year later, the European Climate Law was passed, which legislated that [[Astaíochtaí gás ceaptha teasa]] should be 55% lower in 2030 compared to 1990. The [[Fit for 55]] package is a large set of proposed legislation detailing how the European Union plans to reach this target.<ref name=grantham2023 /> ETS2 is the new [[Córas Trádála Astaíochtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh]] that will enter into force in 2027 and, for the first time in history, will set a price for CO2 emissions from fuels used in the building and road transport sectors.<ref name=ETS2 /> '' The [[an Coimisiún Eorpach]]'s climate change strategy, launched in 2020, is focused on a promise to make Europe a [[Carbon neutrality|net-zero]] emitter of [[greenhouse gas]]es by 2050 and to demonstrate that economies will develop without increasing resource usage. However, the Green Deal has measures to ensure that nations that are already reliant on [[fossil fuels]] are not left behind in the transition to renewable energy. <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |title=International investors enter Poland renewable energy market after rule change|url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/poland-renewable-energy|access-date=20 May 2021|website=European Investment Bank}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Unconventional Mitigation|url=https://www.swp-berlin.org/10.18449/2020RP08/|access-date=20 May 2021|journal=SWP Research Paper|year=2020|doi=10.18449/2020RP08|last1=Geden|first1=Oliver|last2=Schenuit|first2=Felix|author3=Stiftung Wissenschaft Und Politik}}</ref> <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |title=€33 trillion investor group: strong EU climate targets key to economic recovery & future growth|website=IIGCC|url=https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/|access-date=20 May 2021|archive-date=9 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230109195100/https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/}}</ref> The green transition is a top priority for Europe. The EU member states want to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030 from 1990 levels, and become climate neutral by 2050. <ref name=eib.org>{{lua idirlín |title=Europe needs to forge ahead with renewable energy |url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/renewable-energy-europe-africa |access-date=23 December 2022 | work =European Investment Bank}}</ref> <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |title=Fit for 55 |url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/green-deal/fit-for-55-the-eu-plan-for-a-green-transition/ |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=consilium.europa.eu}}</ref> <ref name=>{{Cite journal |last1=Jaeger |first1=Carlo |last2=Mielke |first2=Jahel |last3=Schütze |first3=Franziska |last4=Teitge |first4=Jonas |last5=Wolf |first5=Sarah |date=2021 |title=The European Green Deal – More Than Climate Neutrality |url=https://www.intereconomics.eu/contents/year/2021/number/2/article/the-european-green-deal-more-than-climate-neutrality.html |journal=Intereconomics |volume=2021 |issue=2 |pages=99–107}}</ref> <ref name=>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Net Zero Coalition |url=https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/net-zero-coalition |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=United Nations}}</ref> '' Von der Leyen appointed [[Frans Timmermans]] as Executive Vice President of the European Commission for the European Green Deal in 2019. He was succeeded by [[Maroš Šefčovič]] in 2023, <ref name=climateaction>{{lua idirlín | sloinne = Mathiesen | ainm = Karl |last2=Weise |first2=Zia |last3=Lynch |first3=Suzanne |date=22 August 2023 |title=Šefčovič replaces Timmermans as EU Green Deal chief | url = https://www.politico.eu/article/frans-timmermans-quit-eu-climate-chief-return-dutch-politics/ |access-date=31 December 2023 |website=[[Politico Europe]]}}</ref> and [[Teresa Ribera]] in 2024. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/3582003/ga | teideal = Téarma: an Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 06-08-2026}}</ref> <ref name=politico2019>{{lua idirlín | url = https://www.politico.eu/article/the-commissions-green-deal-plan-unveiled/|title=Europe's Green Deal plan unveiled | sloinne = Tamma | ainm = Paola | last2=Schaart | first2=Eline | dáta = 11 Nollaig 2019 | work = politico.eu | dátarochtana = 29 Nollaig 2019 | last3=Gurzu | first3=Anca}}</ref> <ref name=:0>{{lua idirlín |url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy-environment/news/eu-commission-unveils-european-green-deal-the-key-points/ | teideal = EU Commission unveils 'European Green Deal': The key points | sloinne = Simon |ainm = Frédéric | dáta = 11 Nollaig 2019 | work = euractiv.com | dátarochtana = 29 Nollaig 2019}}</ref> <ref name=guardian2019>{{Cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/dec/13/european-green-deal-to-press-ahead-despite-polish-targets-opt-out | retail = European Green Deal to press ahead despite Polish targets opt-out | sloinne = Rankin | ainm = Jennifer | dáta = 13 Nollaig 2019 | work = The Guardian | dátarochtana = 29 Nollaig 2019 | issn = 0261-3077}}</ref> <ref name=interest2020>{{lua idirlín | url = https://www.europeaninterest.eu/article/parliament-supports-european-green-deal/ | teideal = Parliament supports European Green Deal | sloinne = Benakis| ainm = Theodoros | dáta = 15 Eanáir 2020 | work =European Interest | dátarochtana = 20 Eanáir 2020}}</ref> <ref name=grantham2023>{{Cite report | url = https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Climate-change-law-in-Europe-what-do-new-EU-climate-laws-mean-for-the-courts.pdf |title=Climate change law in Europe: What do new EU climate laws mean for the courts? |last1=Higham |first1=Catherine | last2=Setzer | first2=Joana |date=March 2023 |publisher=[[Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment]] |page=3 | last3=Narulla | first3=Harj | last4=Bradeen | first4=Emily |access-date=2 April 2023}}</ref> }} == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde == | headquarters = [[an Bhruiséil]], [[an Bheilg]] | leader_name = Marc Tachelet Is [[gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|gníomhaireacht feidhmiúcháin]] an [[an Coimisiún Eorpach|Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde'''<ref name=iate /> (Béarla: ''European Research Executive Agency'' ('''REA'''). '' Established in 2007, it manages parts of the European Union's research and innovation programmes, including [[Horizon Europe]] and the [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]], and provides administrative support for EU-funded research projects.<ref name=about /><ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Stair '' The agency was established by the European Commission on 14 December 2007 to implement parts of the [[Seventh Framework Programme]].<ref name=CELEX:32008D0046 /> Its mandate was extended in 2013 to manage significant parts of [[Horizon 2020]], the EU's framework programme for research and innovation for 2014–2020.<ref name=CELEX:32013D0778 /> '' In 2021, the Commission renewed the agency's mandate for the 2021–2027 financial period through Implementing Decision (EU) 2021/173, under which the REA became one of six executive agencies responsible for implementing programmes funded under the EU budget.<ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Freagrachtaí '' Since 2021, the REA has managed parts of several European Union programmes, including: * [[Fís Eorpach]], particularly: ** [[Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions]] ** Research infrastructures ** Cnuasach 2: Culture, Creativity and Inclusive Society ** Cnuasach 3: Civil Security for Society ** Cnuasach 6: Food, Bioeconomy, Natural Resources, Agriculture and Environment ** Widening participation and spreading excellence ** Reforming and enhancing the European research and innovation system * [[Fís 2020]] * Promotion of agricultural products * [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]] '' The agency also manages the Commission's [[Research Enquiry Service]], coordinates the evaluation of research proposals by independent experts, provides administrative support to beneficiaries of EU funding programmes, and carries out legal and financial validation of grants and procurement procedures.<ref name=resp /> == Rialtas '' The REA is an executive agency of the European Commission and operates under the supervision of the Commission. It is headed by a director and overseen by a steering committee composed of representatives of the Commission departments responsible for the programmes managed by the agency.<ref name=org /> == Buiséad '' For the 2021–2027 programming period, the REA manages approximately €22.7&nbsp;billion in EU funding. During the [[Horizon 2020]] programme (2014–2020), it managed around €17&nbsp;billion, compared with €6.4&nbsp;billion under the [[Seventh Framework Programme]] (2007–2013).<ref name=about /> == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/3591743/ga | teideal = Téarma: an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32021D0173>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32021D0173 | teideal = Cinneadh Cur Chun Feidhme (AE) 2021/173 ón gCoimisiún an 12 Feabhra 2021 lena mbunaítear ... '''an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde''' ... | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32008D0046>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32008D0046 | teideal = 2008/46/EC: Commission Decision of 14 December 2007 setting up the Research Executive Agency for the management of certain areas of the specific Community programmes People, Capacities and Cooperation in the field of research in application of Council Regulation (EC) No 58/2003 | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32013D0778>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32013D0778 | teideal = Decision No 778/2013/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 August 2013 providing further macro-financial assistance to Georgia | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=about>{{lua idirlín | teideal = About REA | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_en |publisher=European Commission | dátarochtana = 26 Meitheamh 2026}}</ref> <ref name=resp>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Responsibilities | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us/what-we-do_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> <ref name=org>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Organisation | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> }} [[Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde == {{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} | location = [[an Bhruiséil]] '' The í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde''' (Béarla: '''European Research Council''' ('''ERC''')) is a public body for funding of scientific and technological research conducted within the [[European Union]] (EU). Established a bhliain 2007, the ERC is composed of an independent Scientific Council, its governing body consisting of distinguished researchers, and an Executive Agency, in charge of the implementation. It forms part of the framework programme of the union dedicated to research and innovation, [[Horizon 2020]], preceded by the [[Seventh Research Framework Programme]] (FP7). '' The ERC budget was over €13 billion from 2014 – 2020 and comes from the [[Horizon 2020]] programme, a part of the European Union's budget. Under Horizon 2020 it is estimated that around 7,000 ERC grantees will be funded and 42,000 team members supported, including 11,000 doctoral students and almost 16,000 post-doctoral researchers. The ERC awards to individuals are widely considered to be either among the most, or else the most prestigious grant for academics in Europe. <ref>{{cite news |last1=Amos |first1=Jonathan |title=European research goes for gold |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/mobile/science/nature/6399157.stm |access-date=16 May 2025 |agency=BBC |date=27 February 2007}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=Boe |first1=Mariangela |title=Striving for excellence with ERC funding |url=https://yerun.eu/2024/09/striving-for-excellence-with-erc-funding/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Yerun |date=24 September 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=matthews |first1=niall |title=Prestigious European Research Council award successes for Irish-based researchers |url=https://www.researchireland.ie/news/european-research-council-award-irish-based-researchers/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Research Ireland |date=5 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Frontier-led research, the ERC and the role of university communities in securing their future |url=https://www.the-guild.eu/news-and-blog/news/2017/1frontier-led-research-the-erc-and-the-role-of-univ.html |website=The Guild |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Increasing your researchers' chances of winning ERC grants {{!}} EURAXESS |url=https://www.euraxess.me/montenegro/news/increasing-your-researchers-chances-winning-erc-grants |website=www.euraxess.me |access-date=16 May 2025 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=An introduction to ERC Starting and Consolidator Grants |url=https://worldfactory.de/veranstaltungen/details/an-introduction-to-erc-starting-and-consolidator-grants-345 |website=worldfactory.de |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> '' Researchers from any field can compete for the grants that support pioneering projects. The ERC competitions are open to top researchers also from outside the union. The average success rate is about 12%. <ref>{{Citation| title=basic statistics for ERC funding activities| date=22 February 2017| url=http://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| access-date=12 October 2012| archive-date=2 October 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002070911/https://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| url-status=live}}</ref> Five ERC grantees have won Nobel Prizes. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|title=ERA Portal Austria – Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine goes to two ERC grantees|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=8 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308013059/https://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|title=ERC starting grant holder wins Nobel physics prize – Science-Business|website=sciencebusiness.net|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=2 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230902160227/https://sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |title=ERC grant holder awarded Nobel Prize in physics &#124; Idconsortium Consultoria Investigación + Desarrollo + Innovación (I+D+i) |access-date=2015-09-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304130551/http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |archive-date=4 March 2016 }}</ref> Grant applications are assessed by qualified experts. Excellence is the sole criterion for selection; there are neither thematic priorities, nor geographical quotas for funding. The aim is to recognise the best ideas, and confer status and visibility to the best research in Europe, while also attracting talent from abroad. '' Along with national funding bodies, the ERC aims to improve the climate for European frontier research. The Scientific Council has been keen to learn from the ERC's peers in national research councils (European and overseas) and to engage in dialogue and appropriate collaboration. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir: Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Tíreolaíocht == [[Réigiún na Teorann]] === Geografaíocht fhisiceach [[Íomhá:Glencar waterfall01.jpg| thumb | 170px | [[Loch Ghleann an Chairthe|Eas Ghleann an Chairthe]], Liatroim]] '' The region encompasses the entire northwest coast of Ireland along the [[an tAigéan Atlantach]]. Two of Ireland's longest rivers, [[an tSionainn]] and the [[an Éirne]], agus an [[Uiscebhealach na Sionainne is na hÉirne]] eatarthu. Cavan and Monaghan in the east of the region are characterized by a drumlin landscape, with hundreds of loughs interspersed between. [[Loch Aillionn]] in Leitrim is the region's largest lake, at 35 km². '' The west of the region, from [[Teallach Eathach]], County Cavan, to the Atlantic coast is largely rocky and mountainous, with coastal cliffs but also beaches in counties Sligo, Donegal and Leitrim. Leitrim has the smallest coastline of any county, at just 5&nbsp;km in length, while Donegal has the longest, at 1,134&nbsp;km. === Foraoiseacht '' there is a total of 130,345 ha of forest and woodland cover in the Border Region, equating to 11.3% of the region's land area, the national average.<ref name=govagri2017 /> '' Traditionally, the region had a very low cover forest and planting schemes were undertaken by the Department of Agriculture or [[Comhlachtaí státurraithe na hÉireann|comhlachtaí státurraithe]] such as [[Coillte]]. County Leitrim is now Ireland's most forested county at 18.9% forest cover. However, over 50% of Leitrim's forests are in private ownership.<ref name=govagri2006 /> === Aeráid '' Under [[Aicmiú aeráide Köppen]], the region experiences a maritime [[aeráid mheasartha]] [[aeráid aigéanach]], meaning cool winters, mild humid summers, and a lack of temperature extremes. Summer daytime temperatures range between 15°C agus 22°C, rarely going beyond 25°C. While the region generally experiences mild winters, upland areas typically have snow. Humidity is high year round and rainfall ranges from ~1,250&nbsp;mm ([[Marcréidh]], Sligeach) to ~1,000&nbsp;mm ([[Béal Átha hÉis]], Cabhán), evenly distributed throughout the year. <ref name=metclimate /> === Geolaíocht [[Íomhá: Benbulben2.jpg | thumb | 200px | [[Binn Ghulbain]], Contae Shligigh]] '' There are many large mountain ranges and high sea cliffs in the region, such as the [[Sléibhte Dhoire Bheatha]], [[Sliabh Liag]], the [[Binn Chuilceach]] agus [[Binn Ghulbain]]. The region is generally underlain by [[an tOrdaivíseach]] and [[an Siolúrach]] sceallaí agus gréabhacaí, laid down 417-495 million years ago. These are found in eastern Cavan and Monaghan. The bedrock of western Cavan, Leitrim and Sligo is composed mostly of [[carbónmhar]] limestones that were laid roughly 355 million years ago. However, a 1.5 billion year old narrow strip of metamorphosed gneisses extend across Sligo near [[Sliabh Gamh]].<ref name=geocavan /><ref name=geosligo /> '' County Donegal has one of the most complex geologies in Ireland. Much of the county is underlain by [[Réamhchaimbriach]] gneiss, schist and quartzite, laid down during the Grenvillian Orogeny 700 million years ago. The Border Region's highest point, [[An Earagail]], at 751 m, is composed of Precambrian quartzite. '' Ireland's oldest rocks, laid down 1.78 billion years ago, are found on the island of [[Inis Trá Tholl]].<ref name=gsi /> Inis Trá Tholl is Ireland's most northerly island, located approximately 10&nbsp;km north of [[Cionn Mhálanna]], mainland Ireland's most northerly point. '' [[Loch Súilí]] in Donegal is one of Ireland's three fjords. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Buntásc == __NOINDEX__ __NOTOC__ bblshufr4nkd4381l72fm6w0apgm983 1323296 1323177 2026-08-07T11:01:00Z Marcas.oduinn 33120 /* Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip */ 1323296 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ceanntásc == (an t)Údarás um..., (an) G(h)níomhaireacht um... (an) Comhbheartas Talmhaíochta. Cé acu sa teideal? Féach: * [http://www.gaois.ie gaois.ie]. * ''Wikidata list'' [[Úsáideoir:Marcas.oduinn/Clár Dubh/Wikidata list/Contaetha na hÉireann#Réigiún na hÉireann|Réigiúin na hÉireann]]. === Réigiún === {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top;" ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin NUTS |- | style="text-align:center" | [[Íomhá:IrelandRegions.png | center]] | align=center | [[Íomhá:NUTS3 Boundaries Ireland.png | center]] |- | style="vertical-align:top;" | Réigiúin na hÉireann: * (A) Tuaisceart * (B) Iarthar * (C) Iardheisceart * (D) Oirdheisceart * (E) Oirthear [BÁC] * (F) [[Lár na Tíre (Éire)]] | style="vertical-align:top;" | '''Réigiúin''' NUTS 3 na hÉireann: * [[Réigiún na Teorann|Teorainn]] * [[Réigiún an Iarthair|Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún Lár na Tíre|Lár na Tíre]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Oirthir|Lár-Oirthear]] * [[Réigiún Bhaile Átha Cliath|Baile Átha Cliath]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Iarthair|Lár-Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún an Oirdheiscirt|Oirdheisceart]] * [[Réigiún an Iardheiscirt|Iardheisceart]] |} {| |- | [[Íomhá:Newborderregionboundary.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Border region.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map West region.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map Midlands.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid East Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Mid-East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Island_of_Ireland_location_map_Dublin.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:SE Region Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map South East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map South West.svg | 80px]] |} === Acrainm === * [[Aicmiú Comhchoiteann na nAonad Críche maidir le Staidreamh|NUTS]] - Acáise * [[Comhordú an Eolais ar an Timpeallacht|CORINE]] - Ceolta * [[CORDIS]] - SeoTaifeach * [[Inter-Active Terminology for Europe|IATE]] - Tighe == Eile == {{tl|Gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|state=collapsed}} * [[Gníomhaireacht Sábháilteachta Eitlíochta an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2002), [[Institiúid Eorpach um Nuálaíocht agus Teicneolaíocht]] (2008), [[Comhlacht na Rialálaithe Eorpacha um Chumarsáid Leictreonach]] (BEREC) (2009) &leftarrow; (BEREC Office) - [[Gníomhaireacht Tacaíochta BEREC]] (2018), [[an tÚdarás um Páirtithe Polaitiúla Eorpacha agus um Fhondúireachtaí Polaitiúla Eorpacha]] (2016), [[EU-CyCLONe]] (2020), [[Údarás Custaim an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2026) * [[:Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EISMEA), an [[Lárionad Eorpach Inniúlachta um Thionsclaíocht, Teicneolaíocht agus Taighde Cibearshlándála]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Oideachas agus Cultúr]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol]] (CINEA) # ''[[:en:European Research Executive Agency|Research]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:European Research Council Executive Agency|Research Council]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development|Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development]] - [[Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch]] # ''[[:en:European Green Deal|European Green Deal]]'' - <s>an [[Comhaontú Glas Don Eoraip]]=</s>an[[Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip]] (&rightarrow; [[Dlí Athchóirithe Nádúir an Aontais Eorpaigh]]) #* [[Fís Eorpach]], [[Clár LIFE]] == Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch == '' The '''Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development''', also called '''Framework Programmes''' or abbreviated '''FP1''' to '''FP9''', are funding programmes created by the [[Aontas Eorpach]]/[[Coimisiún Eorpach]] to support and foster research in the [[European Research Area]] (ERA). Starting in 2014, the funding programmes were named '''Horizon'''. '' The funding programmes began in 1984 and continue to the present day. The most recent programme, [[Fís Eorpach]], has a budget of 95.5 billion Euros to be distributed over seven years. '' The specific objectives and actions vary between funding periods. In FP6 and FP7, focus was on technological research. In [[Fís 2020]], the focus was on innovation, delivering economic growth faster, and delivering solutions to end users that are often governmental agencies. == Stair Conducting European research policies and implementing European research programmes is an obligation under the [[Conradh Amstardam]], which includes a chapter on research and technological development. The programmes are defined by commission civil servants who are aided by various official advisory group and lobby groups. To advise the an Coimisiún Eorpach on the overall strategy to be followed in carrying out the Information and Communication Technology thematic priority, the Information Society Technologies Advisory Group (ISTAG) was set up. <ref name=:0>{{lua idirlín | url = http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | teideal = ISTAG website | foilsitheoir = cordis.lu | dáta = 20 Deireadh Fómhair 2011 | dátarochtana = 29 Samhain 2011 | archive-date=26 April 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060426010836/http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | url-status=dead}}</ref> == The framework programmes '' The framework programmes, up until Framework Programme 6 (FP6), covered five-year periods; but from Framework Programme 7 (FP7) onward, programmes run for seven years. The Framework Programmes, and their budgets in billions of Euros, are presented in the table below. <ref name=>Artis, M. J. and F. Nixson, Eds. "The Economics of the European Union: Policy and Analysis" (4th ed.), Oxford University Press 2007</ref> For FP1–FP5, program expenditures were made in [[Aonad Airgeadra Eorpach]]; from FP6 onward budgets were in Euros. The values presented below are in Euros. {| class="wikitable" |- ! ID !! Framework programme !! Period !! Budget (billion €) |- | FP1 || First <ref name=cead>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31983Y0804(01) Council resolution of 25 July 1983 on framework programmes for Community research, development and demonstration activities and a first framework programme 1984 to 1987]; OJ C208 – 04/08/1983; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1984–1987 || 3.8 |- | FP2 || Second <ref name=dara>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31987D0516 Council Decision of 28 September 1987 concerning the framework programme for Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1987 to 1991)]; OJ L302 – 24 October 1987; 87/516/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1987–1991 || 5.4 |- | FP3 || Third <ref name=triu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31990D0221 Council Decision of 23 April 1990 concerning the framework Programme of Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1990 to 1994)]; OJ L117 – 08/05/1990; 90/221/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1990–1994 || 6.6 |- | FP4 || Fourth <ref name=ceathru>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31994D1110 Decision No 1110/94/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 April 1994 concerning the fourth framework programme of the European Community activities in the field of research and technological development and demonstration]; OJ L126 – 18 May 1994; No 1110/94/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1994–1998 || 13.2 |- | FP5 || Fifth <ref name=cuigiu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31999D0182 Decision No 182/1999/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 December 1998 concerning the fifth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (1998 to 2002)]; OJ L26 – 01/02/1999; No 182/1999/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1998–2002 || 15.0 |- | FP6 || Sixth <ref name=seu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32002D1513 Decision No 1513/2002/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2002 concerning the sixth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities, contributing to the creation of the European Research Area and to innovation (2002 to 2006)]; OJ L232 – 29 August 2002; No 1513/2002/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 2002–2006 || 16.3 |- | FP7 || Seventh || 2007–2013 || 50.5 over seven years<br />+ 2.7 for [[Euratom]] over five years <ref name=fp7>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/fp7/understanding/fp7inbrief/structure_en.html |title= How is FP 7 structured? from FP7 in Brief | foilsitheoir = European Commission | dátarochtana = 31 Iúil 2011}}</ref> |- | FP8 || [[Fís 2020]] (ochtú) <ref name=Cordis2020>{{lua idirlín | teideal = The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_ga.cfm?pg=h2020 | dátarochtana = 19 Iúil 2012}}</ref> || 2014–2020 || 77 <ref name=>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/horizon2020/document.cfm?doc_id=17607 | retail = Research and innovation funding: making a real difference | dáta =2016|website=European Commission |dátarochtana = 30 Eanáir 2018}}</ref> |- | FP9 || [[Fís Eorpach]] <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |last=Cordis|title=The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation|url=http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_en.cfm?pg=h2020https://ec.europa.eu/info/horizon-europe-next-research-and-innovation-framework-programme_en|access-date=15 August 2019}}</ref> || 2021–2027 || 95.5 <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/funding/funding-opportunities/funding-programmes-and-open-calls/horizon-europe_en | title=Horizon Europe | date=22 December 2025 }}</ref> <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://eufunds.me/what-is-the-budget-of-horizon-europe/ | title=What is the budget of Horizon Europe? | date=6 May 2021 }}</ref> |- | FP10 | Horizon Europe | 2028-2034 | 175 (''proposal'') <ref name=>{{Cite web |title=EU budget 2028-2034 |url=https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/eu-budget/long-term-eu-budget/eu-budget-2028-2034_en |access-date=2025-07-22 |website=commission.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> |} == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip == [[Íomhá:CO2_emissions_EU.svg | mion | ''Rátaí astaíochtaí CO₂ that na blianta san [[Aontas Eorpach]]]] [[Íomhá:Co-emissions-per-capita (2).png | mion | ''Astaíochtaí CO₂ per capita san AE]] [[Íomhá:CO2 emission pie chart.svg | mion | ''[[List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions|Astaíochtaí CO₂]] ar fud an domhain, 2023]] '' The '''Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip'''<ref name=iate /> (Béarla: '''European Green Deal'''), approved in 2020, is a set of policy initiatives by the [[an Coimisiún Eorpach]] with the aim of making the [[Aontas Eorpach]] (AE) [[Net-zero emissions|climate neutral]] faoin mbliain 2050.<ref name=politico2019 /><ref name=:0 /> The plan is to review each existing law on its climate merits, and also introduce new legislation on the [[geilleagar ciorclach]], [[athchóiriú foirgneamh]], [[Bithéagsúlacht]], talamhaíocht agus [[nuálaíocht]].<ref name=:0 /> '' The president of the European Commission, [[Ursula von der Leyen]], stated that the European Green Deal would be Europe's "man on the moon moment".<ref name=:0 /> Ar an 13 Nollaig 2019, the [[an Chomhairle Eorpaigh]] decided to press ahead with the plan, with an opt-out for [[an Pholainn]].<ref name=guardian2019 /> Ar an 15 Eanáir 2020, [[Parlaimint na hEorpa]] voted to support the deal as well, with requests for higher ambition.<ref name=interest2020 /> A year later, the European Climate Law was passed, which legislated that [[Astaíochtaí gás ceaptha teasa]] should be 55% lower in 2030 compared to 1990. The [[Fit for 55]] package is a large set of proposed legislation detailing how the European Union plans to reach this target.<ref name=grantham2023 /> ETS2 is the new [[Córas Trádála Astaíochtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh]] that will enter into force in 2027 and, for the first time in history, will set a price for CO2 emissions from fuels used in the building and road transport sectors.<ref name=ETS2 /> '' The [[an Coimisiún Eorpach]]'s climate change strategy, launched in 2020, is focused on a promise to make Europe a [[Carbon neutrality|net-zero]] emitter of [[greenhouse gas]]es by 2050 and to demonstrate that economies will develop without increasing resource usage. However, the Green Deal has measures to ensure that nations that are already reliant on [[fossil fuels]] are not left behind in the transition to renewable energy.<ref name=eib2021 /><ref name=Geden2020 /><ref name=iigcc /> The green transition is a top priority for Europe. The EU member states want to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030 from 1990 levels, and become climate neutral by 2050.<ref name=eib2022 /><ref name=fit55 /><ref name=Jaeger2021 /><ref name=netzero /> '' Von der Leyen appointed [[Frans Timmermans]] as Executive Vice President of the European Commission for the European Green Deal in 2019. He was succeeded by [[Maroš Šefčovič]] in 2023,<ref name=climateaction /> and [[Teresa Ribera]] in 2024. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/3582003/ga | teideal = Téarma: an Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 06-08-2026}}</ref> <ref name=politico2019>{{lua idirlín | url = https://www.politico.eu/article/the-commissions-green-deal-plan-unveiled/ | teideal = Europe's Green Deal plan unveiled | sloinne = Tamma | ainm = Paola | last2=Schaart | first2=Eline | dáta = 11 Nollaig 2019 | work = politico.eu | dátarochtana = 29 Nollaig 2019 | last3=Gurzu | first3=Anca}}</ref> <ref name=:0>{{lua idirlín | url = https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy-environment/news/eu-commission-unveils-european-green-deal-the-key-points/ | teideal = EU Commission unveils 'European Green Deal': The key points | sloinne = Simon | ainm = Frédéric | dáta = 11 Nollaig 2019 | work = euractiv.com | dátarochtana = 29 Nollaig 2019}}</ref> <ref name=guardian2019>{{Cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/dec/13/european-green-deal-to-press-ahead-despite-polish-targets-opt-out | teideal = European Green Deal to press ahead despite Polish targets opt-out | sloinne = Rankin | ainm = Jennifer | dáta = 13 Nollaig 2019 | work = The Guardian | dátarochtana = 29 Nollaig 2019 | issn = 0261-3077}}</ref> <ref name=interest2020>{{lua idirlín | url = https://www.europeaninterest.eu/article/parliament-supports-european-green-deal/ | teideal = Parliament supports European Green Deal | sloinne = Benakis| ainm = Theodoros | dáta = 15 Eanáir 2020 | work =European Interest | dátarochtana = 20 Eanáir 2020}}</ref> <ref name=grantham2023>{{Cite report | url=https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Climate-change-law-in-Europe-what-do-new-EU-climate-laws-mean-for-the-courts.pdf | title=Climate change law in Europe: What do new EU climate laws mean for the courts? | last1=Higham | first1=Catherine | last2=Setzer | first2=Joana | date=March 2023 |publisher=[[Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment]] | page=3 | last3=Narulla | first3=Harj | last4=Bradeen | first4=Emily | access-date=2 Aibreán 2023}}</ref> <ref name=ETS2>{{cite news | teideal = New EU scheme could hike petrol, gas prices higher than expected, key lawmakers admit | url = https://www.euractiv.com/section/economy-jobs/news/new-eu-scheme-could-hike-petrol-gas-prices-higher-than-expected-key-lawmakers-admit/ | work = Euractiv | dáta = 13 Breataine 2024}}</ref> <ref name=iigcc>{{lua idirlín | teideal = €33 trillion investor group: strong EU climate targets key to economic recovery & future growth | work = iigcc.org | url = https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/ | dátarochtana = 20 Bealtaine 2021 | archive-date=9 Eanáir 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230109195100/https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/}}</ref> <ref name=Geden2020>{{Cite journal | title=Unconventional Mitigation | url=https://www.swp-berlin.org/10.18449/2020RP08/ | access-date=20 Bealtaine 2021 | journal=SWP Research Paper | year=2020 | doi=10.18449/2020RP08 | last1=Geden | first1=Oliver | last2=Schenuit | first2=Felix | author3=Stiftung Wissenschaft Und Politik}}</ref> <ref name=eib2021>{{lua idirlín | teideal = International investors enter Poland renewable energy market after rule change | url = https://www.eib.org/en/stories/poland-renewable-energy | dátarochtana = 20 Breataine 2021 | work = European Investment Bank}}</ref> <ref name=netzero>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Net Zero Coalition | url = https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/net-zero-coalition | dátarochtana = 23 Nollaig 2022 | work = United Nations}}</ref> <ref name=Jaeger2021>{{Cite journal | last1=Jaeger | first1=Carlo | last2=Mielke | first2=Jahel | last3=Schütze | first3=Franziska | last4=Teitge | first4=Jonas | last5=Wolf | first5=Sarah | date=2021 | title=The European Green Deal – More Than Climate Neutrality | url=https://www.intereconomics.eu/contents/year/2021/number/2/article/the-european-green-deal-more-than-climate-neutrality.html | journal=Intereconomics | volume=2021 | issue=2 | pages=99–107}}</ref> <ref name=fit55>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Fit for 55 | url = https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/green-deal/fit-for-55-the-eu-plan-for-a-green-transition/ | dátarochtana = 23 Nollaig 2022 | work = consilium.europa.eu}}</ref> <ref name=eib2022>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Europe needs to forge ahead with renewable energy | url = https://www.eib.org/en/stories/renewable-energy-europe-africa | dátarochtana = 23 Nollaig 2022 | work = European Investment Bank}}</ref> <ref name=climateaction>{{lua idirlín | sloinne = Mathiesen | ainm = Karl | last2=Weise | first2=Zia | last3=Lynch | first3=Suzanne | dáta = 22 Lúnasa 2023 | teideal = Šefčovič replaces Timmermans as EU Green Deal chief | url = https://www.politico.eu/article/frans-timmermans-quit-eu-climate-chief-return-dutch-politics/ | dátarochtana = 31 Nollaig 2023 | work = [[Politico Europe]]}}</ref> }} == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde == | headquarters = [[an Bhruiséil]], [[an Bheilg]] | leader_name = Marc Tachelet Is [[gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|gníomhaireacht feidhmiúcháin]] an [[an Coimisiún Eorpach|Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde'''<ref name=iate /> (Béarla: ''European Research Executive Agency'' ('''REA'''). '' Established in 2007, it manages parts of the European Union's research and innovation programmes, including [[Horizon Europe]] and the [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]], and provides administrative support for EU-funded research projects.<ref name=about /><ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Stair '' The agency was established by the European Commission on 14 December 2007 to implement parts of the [[Seventh Framework Programme]].<ref name=CELEX:32008D0046 /> Its mandate was extended in 2013 to manage significant parts of [[Horizon 2020]], the EU's framework programme for research and innovation for 2014–2020.<ref name=CELEX:32013D0778 /> '' In 2021, the Commission renewed the agency's mandate for the 2021–2027 financial period through Implementing Decision (EU) 2021/173, under which the REA became one of six executive agencies responsible for implementing programmes funded under the EU budget.<ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Freagrachtaí '' Since 2021, the REA has managed parts of several European Union programmes, including: * [[Fís Eorpach]], particularly: ** [[Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions]] ** Research infrastructures ** Cnuasach 2: Culture, Creativity and Inclusive Society ** Cnuasach 3: Civil Security for Society ** Cnuasach 6: Food, Bioeconomy, Natural Resources, Agriculture and Environment ** Widening participation and spreading excellence ** Reforming and enhancing the European research and innovation system * [[Fís 2020]] * Promotion of agricultural products * [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]] '' The agency also manages the Commission's [[Research Enquiry Service]], coordinates the evaluation of research proposals by independent experts, provides administrative support to beneficiaries of EU funding programmes, and carries out legal and financial validation of grants and procurement procedures.<ref name=resp /> == Rialtas '' The REA is an executive agency of the European Commission and operates under the supervision of the Commission. It is headed by a director and overseen by a steering committee composed of representatives of the Commission departments responsible for the programmes managed by the agency.<ref name=org /> == Buiséad '' For the 2021–2027 programming period, the REA manages approximately €22.7&nbsp;billion in EU funding. During the [[Horizon 2020]] programme (2014–2020), it managed around €17&nbsp;billion, compared with €6.4&nbsp;billion under the [[Seventh Framework Programme]] (2007–2013).<ref name=about /> == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/3591743/ga | teideal = Téarma: an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32021D0173>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32021D0173 | teideal = Cinneadh Cur Chun Feidhme (AE) 2021/173 ón gCoimisiún an 12 Feabhra 2021 lena mbunaítear ... '''an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde''' ... | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32008D0046>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32008D0046 | teideal = 2008/46/EC: Commission Decision of 14 December 2007 setting up the Research Executive Agency for the management of certain areas of the specific Community programmes People, Capacities and Cooperation in the field of research in application of Council Regulation (EC) No 58/2003 | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32013D0778>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32013D0778 | teideal = Decision No 778/2013/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 August 2013 providing further macro-financial assistance to Georgia | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=about>{{lua idirlín | teideal = About REA | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_en |publisher=European Commission | dátarochtana = 26 Meitheamh 2026}}</ref> <ref name=resp>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Responsibilities | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us/what-we-do_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> <ref name=org>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Organisation | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> }} [[Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde == {{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} | location = [[an Bhruiséil]] '' The í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde''' (Béarla: '''European Research Council''' ('''ERC''')) is a public body for funding of scientific and technological research conducted within the [[European Union]] (EU). Established a bhliain 2007, the ERC is composed of an independent Scientific Council, its governing body consisting of distinguished researchers, and an Executive Agency, in charge of the implementation. It forms part of the framework programme of the union dedicated to research and innovation, [[Horizon 2020]], preceded by the [[Seventh Research Framework Programme]] (FP7). '' The ERC budget was over €13 billion from 2014 – 2020 and comes from the [[Horizon 2020]] programme, a part of the European Union's budget. Under Horizon 2020 it is estimated that around 7,000 ERC grantees will be funded and 42,000 team members supported, including 11,000 doctoral students and almost 16,000 post-doctoral researchers. The ERC awards to individuals are widely considered to be either among the most, or else the most prestigious grant for academics in Europe. <ref>{{cite news |last1=Amos |first1=Jonathan |title=European research goes for gold |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/mobile/science/nature/6399157.stm |access-date=16 May 2025 |agency=BBC |date=27 February 2007}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=Boe |first1=Mariangela |title=Striving for excellence with ERC funding |url=https://yerun.eu/2024/09/striving-for-excellence-with-erc-funding/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Yerun |date=24 September 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=matthews |first1=niall |title=Prestigious European Research Council award successes for Irish-based researchers |url=https://www.researchireland.ie/news/european-research-council-award-irish-based-researchers/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Research Ireland |date=5 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Frontier-led research, the ERC and the role of university communities in securing their future |url=https://www.the-guild.eu/news-and-blog/news/2017/1frontier-led-research-the-erc-and-the-role-of-univ.html |website=The Guild |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Increasing your researchers' chances of winning ERC grants {{!}} EURAXESS |url=https://www.euraxess.me/montenegro/news/increasing-your-researchers-chances-winning-erc-grants |website=www.euraxess.me |access-date=16 May 2025 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=An introduction to ERC Starting and Consolidator Grants |url=https://worldfactory.de/veranstaltungen/details/an-introduction-to-erc-starting-and-consolidator-grants-345 |website=worldfactory.de |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> '' Researchers from any field can compete for the grants that support pioneering projects. The ERC competitions are open to top researchers also from outside the union. The average success rate is about 12%. <ref>{{Citation| title=basic statistics for ERC funding activities| date=22 February 2017| url=http://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| access-date=12 October 2012| archive-date=2 October 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002070911/https://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| url-status=live}}</ref> Five ERC grantees have won Nobel Prizes. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|title=ERA Portal Austria – Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine goes to two ERC grantees|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=8 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308013059/https://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|title=ERC starting grant holder wins Nobel physics prize – Science-Business|website=sciencebusiness.net|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=2 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230902160227/https://sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |title=ERC grant holder awarded Nobel Prize in physics &#124; Idconsortium Consultoria Investigación + Desarrollo + Innovación (I+D+i) |access-date=2015-09-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304130551/http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |archive-date=4 March 2016 }}</ref> Grant applications are assessed by qualified experts. Excellence is the sole criterion for selection; there are neither thematic priorities, nor geographical quotas for funding. The aim is to recognise the best ideas, and confer status and visibility to the best research in Europe, while also attracting talent from abroad. '' Along with national funding bodies, the ERC aims to improve the climate for European frontier research. The Scientific Council has been keen to learn from the ERC's peers in national research councils (European and overseas) and to engage in dialogue and appropriate collaboration. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir: Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Tíreolaíocht == [[Réigiún na Teorann]] === Geografaíocht fhisiceach [[Íomhá:Glencar waterfall01.jpg| thumb | 170px | [[Loch Ghleann an Chairthe|Eas Ghleann an Chairthe]], Liatroim]] '' The region encompasses the entire northwest coast of Ireland along the [[an tAigéan Atlantach]]. Two of Ireland's longest rivers, [[an tSionainn]] and the [[an Éirne]], agus an [[Uiscebhealach na Sionainne is na hÉirne]] eatarthu. Cavan and Monaghan in the east of the region are characterized by a drumlin landscape, with hundreds of loughs interspersed between. [[Loch Aillionn]] in Leitrim is the region's largest lake, at 35 km². '' The west of the region, from [[Teallach Eathach]], County Cavan, to the Atlantic coast is largely rocky and mountainous, with coastal cliffs but also beaches in counties Sligo, Donegal and Leitrim. Leitrim has the smallest coastline of any county, at just 5&nbsp;km in length, while Donegal has the longest, at 1,134&nbsp;km. === Foraoiseacht '' there is a total of 130,345 ha of forest and woodland cover in the Border Region, equating to 11.3% of the region's land area, the national average.<ref name=govagri2017 /> '' Traditionally, the region had a very low cover forest and planting schemes were undertaken by the Department of Agriculture or [[Comhlachtaí státurraithe na hÉireann|comhlachtaí státurraithe]] such as [[Coillte]]. County Leitrim is now Ireland's most forested county at 18.9% forest cover. However, over 50% of Leitrim's forests are in private ownership.<ref name=govagri2006 /> === Aeráid '' Under [[Aicmiú aeráide Köppen]], the region experiences a maritime [[aeráid mheasartha]] [[aeráid aigéanach]], meaning cool winters, mild humid summers, and a lack of temperature extremes. Summer daytime temperatures range between 15°C agus 22°C, rarely going beyond 25°C. While the region generally experiences mild winters, upland areas typically have snow. Humidity is high year round and rainfall ranges from ~1,250&nbsp;mm ([[Marcréidh]], Sligeach) to ~1,000&nbsp;mm ([[Béal Átha hÉis]], Cabhán), evenly distributed throughout the year. <ref name=metclimate /> === Geolaíocht [[Íomhá: Benbulben2.jpg | thumb | 200px | [[Binn Ghulbain]], Contae Shligigh]] '' There are many large mountain ranges and high sea cliffs in the region, such as the [[Sléibhte Dhoire Bheatha]], [[Sliabh Liag]], the [[Binn Chuilceach]] agus [[Binn Ghulbain]]. The region is generally underlain by [[an tOrdaivíseach]] and [[an Siolúrach]] sceallaí agus gréabhacaí, laid down 417-495 million years ago. These are found in eastern Cavan and Monaghan. The bedrock of western Cavan, Leitrim and Sligo is composed mostly of [[carbónmhar]] limestones that were laid roughly 355 million years ago. However, a 1.5 billion year old narrow strip of metamorphosed gneisses extend across Sligo near [[Sliabh Gamh]].<ref name=geocavan /><ref name=geosligo /> '' County Donegal has one of the most complex geologies in Ireland. Much of the county is underlain by [[Réamhchaimbriach]] gneiss, schist and quartzite, laid down during the Grenvillian Orogeny 700 million years ago. The Border Region's highest point, [[An Earagail]], at 751 m, is composed of Precambrian quartzite. '' Ireland's oldest rocks, laid down 1.78 billion years ago, are found on the island of [[Inis Trá Tholl]].<ref name=gsi /> Inis Trá Tholl is Ireland's most northerly island, located approximately 10&nbsp;km north of [[Cionn Mhálanna]], mainland Ireland's most northerly point. '' [[Loch Súilí]] in Donegal is one of Ireland's three fjords. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Buntásc == __NOINDEX__ __NOTOC__ o618rqvw6li8l2crpmms7iou5l33edh 1323299 1323296 2026-08-07T11:13:26Z Marcas.oduinn 33120 /* Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip */ 1323299 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ceanntásc == (an t)Údarás um..., (an) G(h)níomhaireacht um... (an) Comhbheartas Talmhaíochta. Cé acu sa teideal? Féach: * [http://www.gaois.ie gaois.ie]. * ''Wikidata list'' [[Úsáideoir:Marcas.oduinn/Clár Dubh/Wikidata list/Contaetha na hÉireann#Réigiún na hÉireann|Réigiúin na hÉireann]]. === Réigiún === {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top;" ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin ! style="width:50%;" | Réigiúin NUTS |- | style="text-align:center" | [[Íomhá:IrelandRegions.png | center]] | align=center | [[Íomhá:NUTS3 Boundaries Ireland.png | center]] |- | style="vertical-align:top;" | Réigiúin na hÉireann: * (A) Tuaisceart * (B) Iarthar * (C) Iardheisceart * (D) Oirdheisceart * (E) Oirthear [BÁC] * (F) [[Lár na Tíre (Éire)]] | style="vertical-align:top;" | '''Réigiúin''' NUTS 3 na hÉireann: * [[Réigiún na Teorann|Teorainn]] * [[Réigiún an Iarthair|Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún Lár na Tíre|Lár na Tíre]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Oirthir|Lár-Oirthear]] * [[Réigiún Bhaile Átha Cliath|Baile Átha Cliath]] * [[Réigiún an Lár-Iarthair|Lár-Iarthar]] * [[Réigiún an Oirdheiscirt|Oirdheisceart]] * [[Réigiún an Iardheiscirt|Iardheisceart]] |} {| |- | [[Íomhá:Newborderregionboundary.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Border region.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map West region.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map Midlands.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid East Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map Mid-East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Island_of_Ireland_location_map_Dublin.svg | 80px]] | [[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Mid-West Region Map Ireland 2018.png | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:SE Region Ireland 2018.png | 80px]]<!--[[Íomhá:Ireland location map South East.svg | 40px]]--> | [[Íomhá:Ireland location map South West.svg | 80px]] |} === Acrainm === * [[Aicmiú Comhchoiteann na nAonad Críche maidir le Staidreamh|NUTS]] - Acáise * [[Comhordú an Eolais ar an Timpeallacht|CORINE]] - Ceolta * [[CORDIS]] - SeoTaifeach * [[Inter-Active Terminology for Europe|IATE]] - Tighe == Eile == {{tl|Gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|state=collapsed}} * [[Gníomhaireacht Sábháilteachta Eitlíochta an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2002), [[Institiúid Eorpach um Nuálaíocht agus Teicneolaíocht]] (2008), [[Comhlacht na Rialálaithe Eorpacha um Chumarsáid Leictreonach]] (BEREC) (2009) &leftarrow; (BEREC Office) - [[Gníomhaireacht Tacaíochta BEREC]] (2018), [[an tÚdarás um Páirtithe Polaitiúla Eorpacha agus um Fhondúireachtaí Polaitiúla Eorpacha]] (2016), [[EU-CyCLONe]] (2020), [[Údarás Custaim an Aontais Eorpaigh]] (2026) * [[:Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Nuálaíochta Eorpaí agus na bhFiontar Beag agus Meánmhéide]] (EISMEA), an [[Lárionad Eorpach Inniúlachta um Thionsclaíocht, Teicneolaíocht agus Taighde Cibearshlándála]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Oideachas agus Cultúr]], [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um an Aeráid, Bonneagar agus Comhshaol]] (CINEA) # ''[[:en:European Research Executive Agency|Research]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:European Research Council Executive Agency|Research Council]]'' - [[Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde]] # ''[[:en:Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development|Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development]] - [[Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch]] # ''[[:en:European Green Deal|European Green Deal]]'' - <s>an [[Comhaontú Glas Don Eoraip]]=</s>an[[Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip]] (&rightarrow; [[Dlí Athchóirithe Nádúir an Aontais Eorpaigh]]) #* [[Fís Eorpach]], [[Clár LIFE]] == Ceartchláir um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch == '' The '''Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development''', also called '''Framework Programmes''' or abbreviated '''FP1''' to '''FP9''', are funding programmes created by the [[Aontas Eorpach]]/[[Coimisiún Eorpach]] to support and foster research in the [[European Research Area]] (ERA). Starting in 2014, the funding programmes were named '''Horizon'''. '' The funding programmes began in 1984 and continue to the present day. The most recent programme, [[Fís Eorpach]], has a budget of 95.5 billion Euros to be distributed over seven years. '' The specific objectives and actions vary between funding periods. In FP6 and FP7, focus was on technological research. In [[Fís 2020]], the focus was on innovation, delivering economic growth faster, and delivering solutions to end users that are often governmental agencies. == Stair Conducting European research policies and implementing European research programmes is an obligation under the [[Conradh Amstardam]], which includes a chapter on research and technological development. The programmes are defined by commission civil servants who are aided by various official advisory group and lobby groups. To advise the an Coimisiún Eorpach on the overall strategy to be followed in carrying out the Information and Communication Technology thematic priority, the Information Society Technologies Advisory Group (ISTAG) was set up. <ref name=:0>{{lua idirlín | url = http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | teideal = ISTAG website | foilsitheoir = cordis.lu | dáta = 20 Deireadh Fómhair 2011 | dátarochtana = 29 Samhain 2011 | archive-date=26 April 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060426010836/http://www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm | url-status=dead}}</ref> == The framework programmes '' The framework programmes, up until Framework Programme 6 (FP6), covered five-year periods; but from Framework Programme 7 (FP7) onward, programmes run for seven years. The Framework Programmes, and their budgets in billions of Euros, are presented in the table below. <ref name=>Artis, M. J. and F. Nixson, Eds. "The Economics of the European Union: Policy and Analysis" (4th ed.), Oxford University Press 2007</ref> For FP1–FP5, program expenditures were made in [[Aonad Airgeadra Eorpach]]; from FP6 onward budgets were in Euros. The values presented below are in Euros. {| class="wikitable" |- ! ID !! Framework programme !! Period !! Budget (billion €) |- | FP1 || First <ref name=cead>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31983Y0804(01) Council resolution of 25 July 1983 on framework programmes for Community research, development and demonstration activities and a first framework programme 1984 to 1987]; OJ C208 – 04/08/1983; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1984–1987 || 3.8 |- | FP2 || Second <ref name=dara>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31987D0516 Council Decision of 28 September 1987 concerning the framework programme for Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1987 to 1991)]; OJ L302 – 24 October 1987; 87/516/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1987–1991 || 5.4 |- | FP3 || Third <ref name=triu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31990D0221 Council Decision of 23 April 1990 concerning the framework Programme of Community activities in the field of research and technological development (1990 to 1994)]; OJ L117 – 08/05/1990; 90/221/Euratom, EEC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1990–1994 || 6.6 |- | FP4 || Fourth <ref name=ceathru>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31994D1110 Decision No 1110/94/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 April 1994 concerning the fourth framework programme of the European Community activities in the field of research and technological development and demonstration]; OJ L126 – 18 May 1994; No 1110/94/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1994–1998 || 13.2 |- | FP5 || Fifth <ref name=cuigiu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31999D0182 Decision No 182/1999/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 December 1998 concerning the fifth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (1998 to 2002)]; OJ L26 – 01/02/1999; No 182/1999/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 1998–2002 || 15.0 |- | FP6 || Sixth <ref name=seu>[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32002D1513 Decision No 1513/2002/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2002 concerning the sixth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities, contributing to the creation of the European Research Area and to innovation (2002 to 2006)]; OJ L232 – 29 August 2002; No 1513/2002/EC; ''[[Official Journal of the European Union]]''</ref> || 2002–2006 || 16.3 |- | FP7 || Seventh || 2007–2013 || 50.5 over seven years<br />+ 2.7 for [[Euratom]] over five years <ref name=fp7>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/fp7/understanding/fp7inbrief/structure_en.html |title= How is FP 7 structured? from FP7 in Brief | foilsitheoir = European Commission | dátarochtana = 31 Iúil 2011}}</ref> |- | FP8 || [[Fís 2020]] (ochtú) <ref name=Cordis2020>{{lua idirlín | teideal = The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation | url = http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_ga.cfm?pg=h2020 | dátarochtana = 19 Iúil 2012}}</ref> || 2014–2020 || 77 <ref name=>{{lua idirlín | url = http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/horizon2020/document.cfm?doc_id=17607 | retail = Research and innovation funding: making a real difference | dáta =2016|website=European Commission |dátarochtana = 30 Eanáir 2018}}</ref> |- | FP9 || [[Fís Eorpach]] <ref name=>{{lua idirlín |last=Cordis|title=The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation|url=http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_en.cfm?pg=h2020https://ec.europa.eu/info/horizon-europe-next-research-and-innovation-framework-programme_en|access-date=15 August 2019}}</ref> || 2021–2027 || 95.5 <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/funding/funding-opportunities/funding-programmes-and-open-calls/horizon-europe_en | title=Horizon Europe | date=22 December 2025 }}</ref> <ref name=>{{cite web | url=https://eufunds.me/what-is-the-budget-of-horizon-europe/ | title=What is the budget of Horizon Europe? | date=6 May 2021 }}</ref> |- | FP10 | Horizon Europe | 2028-2034 | 175 (''proposal'') <ref name=>{{Cite web |title=EU budget 2028-2034 |url=https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/eu-budget/long-term-eu-budget/eu-budget-2028-2034_en |access-date=2025-07-22 |website=commission.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> |} == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip == [[Íomhá:CO2_emissions_EU.svg | mion | ''Rátaí astaíochtaí CO₂ that na blianta san [[Aontas Eorpach]]]] [[Íomhá:Co-emissions-per-capita (2).png | mion | ''Astaíochtaí CO₂ per capita san AE]] [[Íomhá:CO2 emission pie chart.svg | mion | ''[[List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions|Astaíochtaí CO₂]] ar fud an domhain, 2023]] '' The '''Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip'''<ref name=iate /> (Béarla: '''European Green Deal'''), approved in 2020, is a set of policy initiatives by the [[an Coimisiún Eorpach]] with the aim of making the [[Aontas Eorpach]] (AE) [[astaíochtaí neodrach]] of [[gás ceaptha teasa|gáis ceaptha teasa]] faoin mbliain 2050.<ref name=politico2019 /><ref name=:0 /> The plan is to review each existing law on its climate merits, and also introduce new legislation on the [[geilleagar ciorclach]], [[athchóiriú foirgneamh]], [[bithéagsúlacht]], talamhaíocht agus [[nuálaíocht]].<ref name=:0 /> '' The president of the European Commission, [[Ursula von der Leyen]], stated that the European Green Deal would be Europe's "man on the moon moment".<ref name=:0 /> Ar an 13 Nollaig 2019, [[an Chomhairle Eorpach]] decided to press ahead with the plan, with an opt-out for [[an Pholainn]].<ref name=guardian2019 /> Ar an 15 Eanáir 2020, [[Parlaimint na hEorpa]] voted to support the deal as well, with requests for higher ambition.<ref name=interest2020 /> A year later, the European Climate Law was passed, which legislated that [[Astaíochtaí gás ceaptha teasa]] should be 55% lower in 2030 compared to 1990. The [[Fit for 55]] package is a large set of proposed legislation detailing how the European Union plans to reach this target.<ref name=grantham2023 /> ETS2 is the new [[Córas Trádála Astaíochtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh]] that will enter into force in 2027 and, for the first time in history, will set a price for CO2 emissions from fuels used in the building and road transport sectors.<ref name=ETS2 /> '' The [[an Coimisiún Eorpach]]'s climate change strategy, launched in 2020, is focused on a promise to make Europe neodracht faoin mbliain 2050 and to demonstrate that economies will develop without increasing resource usage. However, the Green Deal has measures to ensure that nations that are already reliant on [[breosla iontaise]] are not left behind in the transition to renewable energy.<ref name=eib2021 /><ref name=Geden2020 /><ref name=iigcc /> The green transition is a top priority for Europe. The EU member states want to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030 from 1990 levels, and become climate neutral by 2050.<ref name=eib2022 /><ref name=fit55 /><ref name=Jaeger2021 /><ref name=netzero /> '' Von der Leyen appointed [[Frans Timmermans]] as Executive Vice President of the European Commission for the European Green Deal in 2019. He was succeeded by [[Maroš Šefčovič]] in 2023,<ref name=climateaction /> and [[Teresa Ribera]] in 2024. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/3582003/ga | teideal = Téarma: an Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 06-08-2026}}</ref> <ref name=politico2019>{{lua idirlín | url = https://www.politico.eu/article/the-commissions-green-deal-plan-unveiled/ | teideal = Europe's Green Deal plan unveiled | sloinne = Tamma | ainm = Paola | last2=Schaart | first2=Eline | dáta = 11 Nollaig 2019 | work = politico.eu | dátarochtana = 29 Nollaig 2019 | last3=Gurzu | first3=Anca}}</ref> <ref name=:0>{{lua idirlín | url = https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy-environment/news/eu-commission-unveils-european-green-deal-the-key-points/ | teideal = EU Commission unveils 'European Green Deal': The key points | sloinne = Simon | ainm = Frédéric | dáta = 11 Nollaig 2019 | work = euractiv.com | dátarochtana = 29 Nollaig 2019}}</ref> <ref name=guardian2019>{{Cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/dec/13/european-green-deal-to-press-ahead-despite-polish-targets-opt-out | teideal = European Green Deal to press ahead despite Polish targets opt-out | sloinne = Rankin | ainm = Jennifer | dáta = 13 Nollaig 2019 | work = The Guardian | dátarochtana = 29 Nollaig 2019 | issn = 0261-3077}}</ref> <ref name=interest2020>{{lua idirlín | url = https://www.europeaninterest.eu/article/parliament-supports-european-green-deal/ | teideal = Parliament supports European Green Deal | sloinne = Benakis| ainm = Theodoros | dáta = 15 Eanáir 2020 | work =European Interest | dátarochtana = 20 Eanáir 2020}}</ref> <ref name=grantham2023>{{Cite report | url=https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Climate-change-law-in-Europe-what-do-new-EU-climate-laws-mean-for-the-courts.pdf | title=Climate change law in Europe: What do new EU climate laws mean for the courts? | last1=Higham | first1=Catherine | last2=Setzer | first2=Joana | date=March 2023 |publisher=[[Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment]] | page=3 | last3=Narulla | first3=Harj | last4=Bradeen | first4=Emily | access-date=2 Aibreán 2023}}</ref> <ref name=ETS2>{{cite news | teideal = New EU scheme could hike petrol, gas prices higher than expected, key lawmakers admit | url = https://www.euractiv.com/section/economy-jobs/news/new-eu-scheme-could-hike-petrol-gas-prices-higher-than-expected-key-lawmakers-admit/ | work = Euractiv | dáta = 13 Breataine 2024}}</ref> <ref name=iigcc>{{lua idirlín | teideal = €33 trillion investor group: strong EU climate targets key to economic recovery & future growth | work = iigcc.org | url = https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/ | dátarochtana = 20 Bealtaine 2021 | archive-date=9 Eanáir 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230109195100/https://www.iigcc.org/news/e33-trillion-investor-group-strong-eu-climate-targets-key-to-economic-recovery-future-growth/}}</ref> <ref name=Geden2020>{{Cite journal | title=Unconventional Mitigation | url=https://www.swp-berlin.org/10.18449/2020RP08/ | access-date=20 Bealtaine 2021 | journal=SWP Research Paper | year=2020 | doi=10.18449/2020RP08 | last1=Geden | first1=Oliver | last2=Schenuit | first2=Felix | author3=Stiftung Wissenschaft Und Politik}}</ref> <ref name=eib2021>{{lua idirlín | teideal = International investors enter Poland renewable energy market after rule change | url = https://www.eib.org/en/stories/poland-renewable-energy | dátarochtana = 20 Breataine 2021 | work = European Investment Bank}}</ref> <ref name=netzero>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Net Zero Coalition | url = https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/net-zero-coalition | dátarochtana = 23 Nollaig 2022 | work = United Nations}}</ref> <ref name=Jaeger2021>{{Cite journal | last1=Jaeger | first1=Carlo | last2=Mielke | first2=Jahel | last3=Schütze | first3=Franziska | last4=Teitge | first4=Jonas | last5=Wolf | first5=Sarah | date=2021 | title=The European Green Deal – More Than Climate Neutrality | url=https://www.intereconomics.eu/contents/year/2021/number/2/article/the-european-green-deal-more-than-climate-neutrality.html | journal=Intereconomics | volume=2021 | issue=2 | pages=99–107}}</ref> <ref name=fit55>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Fit for 55 | url = https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/green-deal/fit-for-55-the-eu-plan-for-a-green-transition/ | dátarochtana = 23 Nollaig 2022 | work = consilium.europa.eu}}</ref> <ref name=eib2022>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Europe needs to forge ahead with renewable energy | url = https://www.eib.org/en/stories/renewable-energy-europe-africa | dátarochtana = 23 Nollaig 2022 | work = European Investment Bank}}</ref> <ref name=climateaction>{{lua idirlín | sloinne = Mathiesen | ainm = Karl | last2=Weise | first2=Zia | last3=Lynch | first3=Suzanne | dáta = 22 Lúnasa 2023 | teideal = Šefčovič replaces Timmermans as EU Green Deal chief | url = https://www.politico.eu/article/frans-timmermans-quit-eu-climate-chief-return-dutch-politics/ | dátarochtana = 31 Nollaig 2023 | work = [[Politico Europe]]}}</ref> }} == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde == | headquarters = [[an Bhruiséil]], [[an Bheilg]] | leader_name = Marc Tachelet Is [[gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais Eorpaigh|gníomhaireacht feidhmiúcháin]] an [[an Coimisiún Eorpach|Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde'''<ref name=iate /> (Béarla: ''European Research Executive Agency'' ('''REA'''). '' Established in 2007, it manages parts of the European Union's research and innovation programmes, including [[Horizon Europe]] and the [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]], and provides administrative support for EU-funded research projects.<ref name=about /><ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Stair '' The agency was established by the European Commission on 14 December 2007 to implement parts of the [[Seventh Framework Programme]].<ref name=CELEX:32008D0046 /> Its mandate was extended in 2013 to manage significant parts of [[Horizon 2020]], the EU's framework programme for research and innovation for 2014–2020.<ref name=CELEX:32013D0778 /> '' In 2021, the Commission renewed the agency's mandate for the 2021–2027 financial period through Implementing Decision (EU) 2021/173, under which the REA became one of six executive agencies responsible for implementing programmes funded under the EU budget.<ref name=CELEX:32021D0173 /> == Freagrachtaí '' Since 2021, the REA has managed parts of several European Union programmes, including: * [[Fís Eorpach]], particularly: ** [[Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions]] ** Research infrastructures ** Cnuasach 2: Culture, Creativity and Inclusive Society ** Cnuasach 3: Civil Security for Society ** Cnuasach 6: Food, Bioeconomy, Natural Resources, Agriculture and Environment ** Widening participation and spreading excellence ** Reforming and enhancing the European research and innovation system * [[Fís 2020]] * Promotion of agricultural products * [[Research Fund for Coal and Steel]] '' The agency also manages the Commission's [[Research Enquiry Service]], coordinates the evaluation of research proposals by independent experts, provides administrative support to beneficiaries of EU funding programmes, and carries out legal and financial validation of grants and procurement procedures.<ref name=resp /> == Rialtas '' The REA is an executive agency of the European Commission and operates under the supervision of the Commission. It is headed by a director and overseen by a steering committee composed of representatives of the Commission departments responsible for the programmes managed by the agency.<ref name=org /> == Buiséad '' For the 2021–2027 programming period, the REA manages approximately €22.7&nbsp;billion in EU funding. During the [[Horizon 2020]] programme (2014–2020), it managed around €17&nbsp;billion, compared with €6.4&nbsp;billion under the [[Seventh Framework Programme]] (2007–2013).<ref name=about /> == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = <ref name=iate>{{lua idirlín | url = https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/3591743/ga | teideal = Téarma: an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde | foilsitheoir = [[IATE]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32021D0173>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32021D0173 | teideal = Cinneadh Cur Chun Feidhme (AE) 2021/173 ón gCoimisiún an 12 Feabhra 2021 lena mbunaítear ... '''an Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin Eorpach um Thaighde''' ... | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32008D0046>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32008D0046 | teideal = 2008/46/EC: Commission Decision of 14 December 2007 setting up the Research Executive Agency for the management of certain areas of the specific Community programmes People, Capacities and Cooperation in the field of research in application of Council Regulation (EC) No 58/2003 | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=CELEX:32013D0778>{{lua idirlín | url = https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32013D0778 | teideal = Decision No 778/2013/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 August 2013 providing further macro-financial assistance to Georgia | foilsitheoir = [[EUR-Lex]] | dátarochtana = 28-07-2026 | teanga = en}}</ref> <ref name=about>{{lua idirlín | teideal = About REA | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_en |publisher=European Commission | dátarochtana = 26 Meitheamh 2026}}</ref> <ref name=resp>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Responsibilities | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us/what-we-do_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> <ref name=org>{{lua idirlín | teideal = Organisation | url = https://rea.ec.europa.eu/about-us_ga | foilsitheoir = an Coimisiún Eorpach}}</ref> }} [[Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Gníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde == {{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} | location = [[an Bhruiséil]] '' The í an '''Ghníomhaireacht Feidhmiúcháin na Comhairle Eorpaí um Thaighde''' (Béarla: '''European Research Council''' ('''ERC''')) is a public body for funding of scientific and technological research conducted within the [[European Union]] (EU). Established a bhliain 2007, the ERC is composed of an independent Scientific Council, its governing body consisting of distinguished researchers, and an Executive Agency, in charge of the implementation. It forms part of the framework programme of the union dedicated to research and innovation, [[Horizon 2020]], preceded by the [[Seventh Research Framework Programme]] (FP7). '' The ERC budget was over €13 billion from 2014 – 2020 and comes from the [[Horizon 2020]] programme, a part of the European Union's budget. Under Horizon 2020 it is estimated that around 7,000 ERC grantees will be funded and 42,000 team members supported, including 11,000 doctoral students and almost 16,000 post-doctoral researchers. The ERC awards to individuals are widely considered to be either among the most, or else the most prestigious grant for academics in Europe. <ref>{{cite news |last1=Amos |first1=Jonathan |title=European research goes for gold |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/mobile/science/nature/6399157.stm |access-date=16 May 2025 |agency=BBC |date=27 February 2007}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=Boe |first1=Mariangela |title=Striving for excellence with ERC funding |url=https://yerun.eu/2024/09/striving-for-excellence-with-erc-funding/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Yerun |date=24 September 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=matthews |first1=niall |title=Prestigious European Research Council award successes for Irish-based researchers |url=https://www.researchireland.ie/news/european-research-council-award-irish-based-researchers/ |access-date=16 May 2025 |work=Research Ireland |date=5 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Frontier-led research, the ERC and the role of university communities in securing their future |url=https://www.the-guild.eu/news-and-blog/news/2017/1frontier-led-research-the-erc-and-the-role-of-univ.html |website=The Guild |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Increasing your researchers' chances of winning ERC grants {{!}} EURAXESS |url=https://www.euraxess.me/montenegro/news/increasing-your-researchers-chances-winning-erc-grants |website=www.euraxess.me |access-date=16 May 2025 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=An introduction to ERC Starting and Consolidator Grants |url=https://worldfactory.de/veranstaltungen/details/an-introduction-to-erc-starting-and-consolidator-grants-345 |website=worldfactory.de |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> '' Researchers from any field can compete for the grants that support pioneering projects. The ERC competitions are open to top researchers also from outside the union. The average success rate is about 12%. <ref>{{Citation| title=basic statistics for ERC funding activities| date=22 February 2017| url=http://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| access-date=12 October 2012| archive-date=2 October 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002070911/https://erc.europa.eu/statistics-0| url-status=live}}</ref> Five ERC grantees have won Nobel Prizes. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|title=ERA Portal Austria – Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine goes to two ERC grantees|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=8 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308013059/https://era.gv.at/object/news/1469|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|title=ERC starting grant holder wins Nobel physics prize – Science-Business|website=sciencebusiness.net|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-date=2 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230902160227/https://sciencebusiness.net/news/67734/ERC-starting-grant-holder-wins-Nobel-physics-prize|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |title=ERC grant holder awarded Nobel Prize in physics &#124; Idconsortium Consultoria Investigación + Desarrollo + Innovación (I+D+i) |access-date=2015-09-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304130551/http://www.idconsortium.es/en/news/erc-grant-holder-awarded-nobel-prize-physics |archive-date=4 March 2016 }}</ref> Grant applications are assessed by qualified experts. Excellence is the sole criterion for selection; there are neither thematic priorities, nor geographical quotas for funding. The aim is to recognise the best ideas, and confer status and visibility to the best research in Europe, while also attracting talent from abroad. '' Along with national funding bodies, the ERC aims to improve the climate for European frontier research. The Scientific Council has been keen to learn from the ERC's peers in national research councils (European and overseas) and to engage in dialogue and appropriate collaboration. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} {{síol-eu}} [[Catagóir: Gníomhaireachtaí feidhmiúcháin an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh]] == Tíreolaíocht == [[Réigiún na Teorann]] === Geografaíocht fhisiceach [[Íomhá:Glencar waterfall01.jpg| thumb | 170px | [[Loch Ghleann an Chairthe|Eas Ghleann an Chairthe]], Liatroim]] '' The region encompasses the entire northwest coast of Ireland along the [[an tAigéan Atlantach]]. Two of Ireland's longest rivers, [[an tSionainn]] and the [[an Éirne]], agus an [[Uiscebhealach na Sionainne is na hÉirne]] eatarthu. Cavan and Monaghan in the east of the region are characterized by a drumlin landscape, with hundreds of loughs interspersed between. [[Loch Aillionn]] in Leitrim is the region's largest lake, at 35 km². '' The west of the region, from [[Teallach Eathach]], County Cavan, to the Atlantic coast is largely rocky and mountainous, with coastal cliffs but also beaches in counties Sligo, Donegal and Leitrim. Leitrim has the smallest coastline of any county, at just 5&nbsp;km in length, while Donegal has the longest, at 1,134&nbsp;km. === Foraoiseacht '' there is a total of 130,345 ha of forest and woodland cover in the Border Region, equating to 11.3% of the region's land area, the national average.<ref name=govagri2017 /> '' Traditionally, the region had a very low cover forest and planting schemes were undertaken by the Department of Agriculture or [[Comhlachtaí státurraithe na hÉireann|comhlachtaí státurraithe]] such as [[Coillte]]. County Leitrim is now Ireland's most forested county at 18.9% forest cover. However, over 50% of Leitrim's forests are in private ownership.<ref name=govagri2006 /> === Aeráid '' Under [[Aicmiú aeráide Köppen]], the region experiences a maritime [[aeráid mheasartha]] [[aeráid aigéanach]], meaning cool winters, mild humid summers, and a lack of temperature extremes. Summer daytime temperatures range between 15°C agus 22°C, rarely going beyond 25°C. While the region generally experiences mild winters, upland areas typically have snow. Humidity is high year round and rainfall ranges from ~1,250&nbsp;mm ([[Marcréidh]], Sligeach) to ~1,000&nbsp;mm ([[Béal Átha hÉis]], Cabhán), evenly distributed throughout the year. <ref name=metclimate /> === Geolaíocht [[Íomhá: Benbulben2.jpg | thumb | 200px | [[Binn Ghulbain]], Contae Shligigh]] '' There are many large mountain ranges and high sea cliffs in the region, such as the [[Sléibhte Dhoire Bheatha]], [[Sliabh Liag]], the [[Binn Chuilceach]] agus [[Binn Ghulbain]]. The region is generally underlain by [[an tOrdaivíseach]] and [[an Siolúrach]] sceallaí agus gréabhacaí, laid down 417-495 million years ago. These are found in eastern Cavan and Monaghan. The bedrock of western Cavan, Leitrim and Sligo is composed mostly of [[carbónmhar]] limestones that were laid roughly 355 million years ago. However, a 1.5 billion year old narrow strip of metamorphosed gneisses extend across Sligo near [[Sliabh Gamh]].<ref name=geocavan /><ref name=geosligo /> '' County Donegal has one of the most complex geologies in Ireland. Much of the county is underlain by [[Réamhchaimbriach]] gneiss, schist and quartzite, laid down during the Grenvillian Orogeny 700 million years ago. The Border Region's highest point, [[An Earagail]], at 751 m, is composed of Precambrian quartzite. '' Ireland's oldest rocks, laid down 1.78 billion years ago, are found on the island of [[Inis Trá Tholl]].<ref name=gsi /> Inis Trá Tholl is Ireland's most northerly island, located approximately 10&nbsp;km north of [[Cionn Mhálanna]], mainland Ireland's most northerly point. '' [[Loch Súilí]] in Donegal is one of Ireland's three fjords. == Tagairtí {{reflist | refs = }} == Buntásc == __NOINDEX__ __NOTOC__ tillruvyogld22zo1jt2ktdu26w5k8s 2 120601 1323294 1322589 2026-08-07T10:36:15Z ListeriaBot 25319 Wikidata list updated [V2] 1323294 wikitext text/x-wiki * Tá an focal "item" de dhíth ón mbot, is amhlaidh... tá! * An eochairfhocal é "Label"? Is . * Ní fheictear anseo go díreach na torthaí SQL, ach ina ionad sin, céard a dhéanann an bot leo, mar shampla ?item -> <nowiki>[[:d:?item|?item]]</nowiki> {{Wikidata list | sparql = SELECT ?item ?itemLabel ?can2000 { # P3425=(Comhartha) Aitheantas Nature 2000 # P17=tír, Q27=Éire ?item wdt:P3425 ?can2000; wdt:P17 wd:Q27. # label SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "ga". } } | columns = number:#, label:Alt, P7959:Contae, P18:Íomhá, P3425:Natura 2000 | links = local }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! # ! Alt ! Contae ! Íomhá ! Natura 2000 |- | style='text-align:right'| 1 | [[Loch Iascaigh]] | [[Contae Dhún na nGall]] | [[Íomhá:Lough Eske sud est.jpg|center|128px]] | [https://natura2000.eea.europa.eu/Natura2000/SDF.aspx?site=IE0000163 IE0000163] |- | style='text-align:right'| 2 | [[An Abhainn Mhór]] | [[Contae Phort Láirge]] | [[Íomhá:IMG BlackwaterBridge3720rz.jpg|center|128px]] | [https://natura2000.eea.europa.eu/Natura2000/SDF.aspx?site=IE0002170 IE0002170] |- | style='text-align:right'| 3 | [[Gleann Dá Ghrua]] | [[Contae Chill Mhantáin]] | [[Íomhá:Glen walk way.JPG|center|128px]] | [https://natura2000.eea.europa.eu/Natura2000/SDF.aspx?site=IE0000719 IE0000719] |- | style='text-align:right'| 4 | [[Páirc Náisiúnta Shléibhte Chill Mhantáin]] | [[Contae Chill Mhantáin]] | [[Íomhá:Wicklow Mountains National Park Information Office.jpg|center|128px]] | [https://natura2000.eea.europa.eu/Natura2000/SDF.aspx?site=IE0002122 IE0002122] |- | style='text-align:right'| 5 | [[Portach Chlóirthigh|Dúlra Phortach Chlóirthigh]] | [[Contae Uíbh Fhailí]] | [[Íomhá:Clara bog boardwalk. 07.jpg|center|128px]] | [https://natura2000.eea.europa.eu/Natura2000/SDF.aspx?site=IE0000572 IE0000572] |- | style='text-align:right'| 6 | [[Bá Bhaile Dúill|Bá Baile Dúill]] | [[Contae Bhaile Átha Cliath]] | [[Íomhá:The View from Strand Road Baldoyle - geograph.org.uk - 181928.jpg|center|128px]] | [https://natura2000.eea.europa.eu/Natura2000/SDF.aspx?site=IE0000199 IE0000199] |- | style='text-align:right'| 7 | [[An Sliabh Riabhach]] | [[Contae Luimnigh]] | [[Íomhá:Black Rock on the Ballyhoura Mountain Range - geograph.org.uk - 1103684.jpg|center|128px]] | [https://natura2000.eea.europa.eu/Natura2000/SDF.aspx?site=IE0002036 IE0002036] |- | style='text-align:right'| 8 | [[Loch Uí Ghadhra]] | [[Contae Shligigh]] | [[Íomhá:Lough Gara 1.jpg|center|128px]] | [https://natura2000.eea.europa.eu/Natura2000/SDF.aspx?site=IE0004048 IE0004048] |- | style='text-align:right'| 9 | [[Inbhear Bhaile Roiséir]] | [[Contae Bhaile Átha Cliath]] | [[Íomhá:View of Rogerstown Estuary.jpg|center|128px]] | [https://natura2000.eea.europa.eu/Natura2000/SDF.aspx?site=IE0000208 IE0000208] |- | style='text-align:right'| 10 | [[Loch Coirib]] | [[Contae na Gaillimhe]] | [[Íomhá:Loughcorrib.jpg|center|128px]] | [https://natura2000.eea.europa.eu/Natura2000/SDF.aspx?site=IE0004042 IE0004042] |- | style='text-align:right'| 11 | [[Coill Chnoc Sinche]] | [[Contae Chill Mhantáin]] | [[Íomhá:Plants on damp bankside in Knocksink woods.jpg|center|128px]] | [https://natura2000.eea.europa.eu/Natura2000/SDF.aspx?site=IE0000725 IE0000725] |} {{Wikidata list end}} k3nemy6yyf7ad6ihoob4jup1axeqil6 14 122362 1323287 1293028 2026-08-07T09:38:44Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323287 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Catagóir:Passeriformes]] 44u6thwk02ifsf9lk2eowiz2qgh52yq 14 122364 1323284 1293034 2026-08-07T09:34:21Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323284 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Catagóir:Passeriformes]] [[Catagóir:Emberizoidea]] aqplcuw2iq70361fzb87z8n3ns50sfv 0 127197 1323228 1322777 2026-08-07T07:45:17Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323228 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[cruidín]] é an '''cruidín ceiriúlach''' ('''''[[Alcedo]] coerulescens''''') san fhofhine [[Alcedininae]] ata de bhunadh áiteanna áirithe san [[An Indinéis|Indinéis]].<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Alcedo coerulescens: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2024: e.T22683117A263710268|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22683117/263710268|date=2024-06-12|doi=10.2305/iucn.uk.2024-2.rlts.t22683117a263710268.en|language=en|author=IUCN}}</ref> Le himprisean atá niamhghorm den chuid is mó, tá se an-chosúil leis an [[Murlach mara|mhurlach mara]], ach tá a chodanna íochtair bán seachas oráiste. Bíonn na fireannaigh níos goirme ná na baineannaigh a mbíonn níos glaise de ghnáth. Baistear an '''cruidín gorm beag''' air in amanna ach san Indinéis agus in roinnt codanna den Áise, baineann an t-ainm sin le ''Alcedo atthis'' ([[murlach mara]]).<ref name="ali-ripley">{{Cite book-en|author=[[Salim Ali (éaneolaí)|Ali, S.]]; [[Sydney Dillon Ripley|Ripley, S.D.]]|title=Bird Number 722-724|edition=2|volume=4|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|location=[[Deilí Nua]]|pages=72–78|date=2001|journal=Handbook of the Birds of India and Pakistan}}</ref> == Tacsonamaíocht == Rinne an t-éaneolaí Franacach [[Louis Pierre Vieillot]] an chéad [[Cur síos speiceas|chur síos fhoirmiúil]] ar an chruidín cheiriúlach sa bhliain 1818. Chum sé an [[Ainmníocht dhéthéarmach|t-ainm déthéarmach]] ''Alcedo coerulescens''.<ref>{{Cite book-en|author=[[Louis Pierre Vieillot|Vieillot, L.P.]]|title=Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle, appliquée aux arts, à l'agriculture, à l'économie rurale et domestique, à la médecine, etc.|volume=19|location=[[Paras]]|publisher=Deterville|doi=10.5962/bhl.title.20211|language=French|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/18042135|date=1818}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book-en|title=Check-list of Birds of the World|volume=5|publisher=Harvard University Press|location=Cambridge, Massachusetts|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14480186|author=[[James Lee Peters|Peters, J.L., eag.]]|date=1945|pages=175}}</ref> Tagann an buafhocal ''coerulescens'' ón Laidin ''caerulescens'' a chiallaíonn "goirme".<ref>{{Cite book-en|author=Jobling, J.A.|title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names|url=https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling|publisher=Christopher Helm|location=[[Londain]]|isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4|date=2010|pages=113}}</ref> Tá an speiceas seo [[monatíopach]].<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/rollers/|teideal=Rollers, ground rollers & kingfishers|údar=World Bird List Version 7.2|dáta=2017|editor=[[Frank Gill|Gill, F.]]; Donsker, D. eag.|foilsitheoir=International Ornithologists' Union|dátarochtana=28 Bealtaine 2017}}</ref> == Cur síos == Is cruidín beag le fad de 13 cm (5.1 or) é an cruidín ceiriúlach. Tá imreacha áille goirme le [[lóir]] bhána ar a chodanna uachtair le paiste bán feiceálach ar an dá thaobh den mhuineál. Tá a chodanna íochtair bán le banda uchta gormghlas air. Tá gob dubh agus cosa dubhdhonna air. Is murtallaí agus glaise atá clúmh an bhaineannaigh agus tá banda uchta níos cúinge aici.<ref name=":0">{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters & Rollers: a handbook|publisher=Christopher Helm [u.a.]. ISBN 978-0-7136-8028-7|date=1992|location=Londain|author=Fry, C. H.; Fry, K.; Harris, A.|pages=210-211}}</ref> == Dáileadh agus gnáthóg == Is de bhunadh [[Sumatra]], [[Iáva]], na [[Na hOileáin Kangean|hOileáin Kangean]], [[Bailí]], [[Lombok]] agus [[Sumbawa]] an cruidín ceiriúlach, ná háiteanna seo ar fad lonnaithe san Indinéis. Is speiceas cónaithe é a chuireann faoi in áiteanna ísle i ngar do shruthanna, canálacha, goirt ríse faoi uisce agus inbhir thaoide.<ref name=":0" /> == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Alcedo]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1818]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na hIndinéise]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas is lú imní de chuid an AICD]] 2c63tf3ntfl5d3bacgnaoz6mllvro0d 0 127236 1323128 1322803 2026-08-06T21:08:11Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323128 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Teideal iodálach}} {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is [[speiceas]] [[Aves|éin]] den [[Fine (bitheolaíocht)|fhine]] [[Cruidín|Alcedinidae]] é an '''cruidín''' deargdhonn (''Ceyx erithaca''). == Dáileadh == Tá cónaí air san India agus in Oirdheisceart na hÁise. Tá sé an-choitianta in Iardheisceart na hIndia, go háirithe ar chósta Konkan, ach ní bhíonn sé coitianta sa Téalainn agus i gceantair sléibhtiúla. == Cur síos == Tá an t-éan seo 13-14cm ar fhad agus tá mais idir 14g agus 20g aige. [[Íomhá:Rufous-backed_Kingfisher_(Ceyx_erithaca)_(8416824325).jpg|clé|mion| Cruidín deargdhonn (Páirc Náisiúnta Gunung Mulu, An Mhalaeisia)]] [[Íomhá:Oriental_dwarf_kingfisher_28.jpg|mion|Cruidín deargdhonn i bPáirc Náisiúnta Kaeng Krachan, an Téalainn. Bealtaine 2022.]] == Gnáthóg == Maireann an cruidín deargdhonn i bhforaoisí trópaiceacha ísealchríche, agus uaireanta i bhforaoisí cnocacha. Fanann sé i bhforaoisí síorghlasa nó neamhshíorghlasa, sean agus athfhástha araon. Maireann sé in aice le srutháin agus le locháin. Suíonn sé ar gheaganna ísle, thart ar 1 go 2 mhéadar os cionn an uisce. == Cothú == Itheann an cruidín deargdhonn feithidí ''agus éisc''. Tagann a aiste bia ó thimpeallachtaí talún agus uisceacha araon. Itheann sé [[Maintis|maintisí]], [[criogar]], [[Diptera|cuileoga]] agus [[Damhán alla|damháin alla]], ach freisin ciaróga uisceacha, [[Portán|portáin]] bheaga, [[Frog|froganna]] agus [[Iasc|éisc]] bheaga freisin. == Atáirgeadh == Tarlaíonn an séasúr cúplála i mí an Mheithimh le linn shéasúr an mhonsúin. Déanann an lánúin tollán a thochailt le chéile atá thart ar 1 mhéadar ar fhad i mbruach bog nó i bhfána bóthair. Is giorra a fhad nuair a dhruileáiltear é i ndumha teirmíte nó idir fréamhacha crainn atá tiontaithe bunoscionn. Téann an gailearaí chuig seomra '''breithe''' 13-15cm ar trastomhas agus 5-7cm ar airde, áit a leagann an an cruidín seo 3 go 7 n-ubh.<ref>{{Cite book-en|language=|author=Jiri Felix|title=Faune d'Asie|location=|edition=Gründ|date=1982|pages=302|isbn=2-7000-1512-6|url=}}</ref> == Nótaí agus tagairtí == <references /> [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] [[Catagóir:Ceyx]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1758]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na hÁise]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas beagnach faoi bhagairt de chuid an AICD]] 8cd8ovz3wky51xesuvu5kxufszplazn 0 127273 1322921 1322641 2026-08-06T13:33:20Z Conradder 34685 /* Airí sóisearacha a ainmnigh an Chéad-Aire */ 1322921 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ceannaire}} Is téarma é '''aire sóisearach''' ({{lang-en|Junior Minister}}) a úsáidtear le dhá phost in [[Oifig an Fheidhmeannais]], atá ina roinn i bh[[Feidhmeannas Thuaisceart Éireann]]. Tá siad freagrach don [[Céad-Aire agus LeasChéad-Aire Thuaisceart Éireann|Chéad-Aire agus LeasChéad-Aire Thuaisceart Éireann]]. Tá [[Aisling Reilly]], ó 3 Feabhra 2024, agus [[Joanne Bunting]], ó 15 Meán Fómhair 2025, ina n-airí sóisearacha reatha<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.executiveoffice-ni.gov.uk/articles/executive-office-ministers|teideal=Executive Office Ministers|dáta=2015-06-25|language=en|work=The Executive Office|dátarochtana=2026-08-04}}</ref> == Airí sóisearacha == === Airí sóisearacha a ainmnigh an Chéad-Aire === {| class="wikitable" |- bgcolor=cccccc ! !!Aire!!Íomhá !!Páirtí!!In oifig!!As oifig |- | style="background:{{Páirtí Aontachtach Uladh/meta/color}};" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Dermot Nesbitt]]''' || || [[Páirtí Aontachtach Uladh|PAU]] ||11 Nollaig 1999|| 11 Feabhra 2000 |- | colspan="6" align="center"| ''Cuireadh oifig ar fionraí'' |- | style="background:{{Páirtí Aontachtach Uladh/meta/color}};" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Dermot Nesbitt]]''' || || PAU || 30 Bealtaine 2000 ||20 Feabhra 2002<ref name="fionraí">Cuireadh oifig ar fionraí ar feadh 24 uair: 11 Lúnasa 2001 agus 22 Meán Fómhair 2001</ref> |- | style="background:{{Páirtí Aontachtach Uladh/meta/color}};" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[James Leslie]]''' || || PAU || 20 Feabhra 2002 ||14 Deireadh Fómhair 2002 |- | colspan="6" align="center"| ''Cuireadh oifig ar fionraí'' |- | style="background:{{Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach/meta/color}}" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Ian Paisley Jr]]''' || [[Íomhá:Official_portrait_of_Ian_Paisley_crop_2.jpg|60px]] || [[Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach|PAD]] || 8 Bealtaine 2007 || 26 Feabhra 2008 |- | style="background:{{Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach/meta/color}}" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Jeffrey Donaldson]]''' || [[Íomhá:Official_portrait_of_Sir_Jeffrey_M._Donaldson_crop_2.jpg|60px]] || [[PAD]]|| 26 Feabhra 2008 ||1 Iúil 2009 |- | style="background:{{Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach/meta/color}}" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Robin Newton]]''' ||[[Íomhá:Robin_Newton_2017_(cropped).jpg|60px]] || PAD || 1 Iúil 2009 || 16 Bealtaine 2011 |- | style="background:{{Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach/meta/color}}" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Jonathan Bell]]''' ||[[Íomhá:JonathanBellDUP.jpg|60px]] || PAD ||16 Bealtaine 2011|| 11 Bealtaine 2015 |- | style="background:{{Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach/meta/color}}" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Michelle McIlveen]]''' ||[[Íomhá:Michelle_McIlveen_DUP.jpg|60px]] || PAD ||11 Bealtaine 2015|| 28 Deireadh Fómhair 2015 |- | style="background:{{Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach/meta/color}}" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[ Emma Little-Pengelly|Emma Pengelly]]''' ||[[Íomhá:Official_portrait_of_Emma_Little_Pengelly_crop_2.jpg|60px]] || PAD ||28 Deireadh Fómhair 2015|| 25 Bealtaine 2016 |- | style="background:{{Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach/meta/color}}" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Alastair Ross]]''' ||[[Íomhá:Alastair_Ross_DUP.jpg|60px]] || PAD || 25 Bealtaine 2016|| 9 Eanáir 2017 |- | colspan="6" align="center"| ''Cuireadh oifig ar fionraí'' |- | style="background:{{Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach/meta/color}}" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Gordon Lyons]]''' ||[[Íomhá:Gordon_Lyons_2021.jpg|60px]] || PAD || 11 Eanáir 2020|| 2 Feabhra 2021 |- | style="background:{{Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach/meta/color}}" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Gary Middleton]]''' ||[[Íomhá:Gary_Middleton,_DUP.jpg|60px]] || PAD || 2 Feabhra 2021 (gníomhach)|| 17 Meitheamh 2021 |- | style="background:{{Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach/meta/color}}" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Gordon Lyons]]''' ||[[Íomhá:Gordon_Lyons_2021.jpg|60px]] || PAD || 8 Márta 2021|| 17 Meitheamh 2021 |- | style="background:{{Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach/meta/color}}" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Gary Middleton]]''' ||[[Íomhá:Gary_Middleton,_DUP.jpg|60px]] || PAD || 17 Meitheamh 2021|| 5 Bealtaine 2022 |- | colspan="6" align="center"| ''Cuireadh oifig ar fionraí'' |- | style="background:{{Sinn Féin/meta/color}};" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Aisling Reilly]]''' || [[Íomhá:Aisling_Reilly_2022_(cropped).jpg|60px]] || [[Sinn Féin]] || 3 Feabhra 2024|| ''sealbhóir '' |} === Airí sóisearacha a ainmnigh an leasChéad-Aire === {| class="wikitable" |- bgcolor=cccccc ! !!Aire!!Íomhá !!Páirtí!!In oifig!!As oifig |- | style="background:{{Páirtí Sóisialta Daonlathach an Lucht Oibre/meta/color}};" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Denis Haughey]]''' || || [[Páirtí Sóisialta agus Daonlathach an Lucht Oibre|PSDLO]] ||2 Nollaig 1999|| 11 Feabhra 2000 |- | colspan="6" align="center"| ''Cuireadh oifig ar fionraí'' |- | style="background:{{Páirtí Sóisialta Daonlathach an Lucht Oibre/meta/color}};" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Denis Haughey]]''' || || PSDLO || 30 Bealtaine 2000 ||14 Deireadh Fómhair 2002<ref name="fionraí"></ref> |- | colspan="6" align="center"| ''Cuireadh oifig ar fionraí'' |- | style="background:{{Sinn Féin/meta/color}};" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Gerry Kelly]]''' || [[Íomhá:Gerry_Kelly,_MLA.jpg|60px]] || [[Sinn Féin]] || 8 Bealtaine 2007 || 16 Bealtaine 2011 |- | style="background:{{Sinn Féin/meta/color}};" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Martina Anderson]]''' || [[Íomhá:Martina_Anderson_MEP,_Strasbourg_-_Diliff.jpg|60px]] || Sinn Féin|| 16 Bealtaine 2011||12 Meitheamh 2012 |- | style="background:{{Sinn Féin/meta/color}};" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Jennifer McCann]]''' || [[Íomhá:JenniferMcCann.jpg|60px]] || Sinn Féin|| 12 Meitheamh 2012||25 Bealtaine 2016 |- | style="background:{{Sinn Féin/meta/color}};" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Megan Fearon]]''' || [[Íomhá:Megan_Fearon.jpg|60px]] || Sinn Féin|| 25 Bealtaine 2016|| 9 Eanáir 2017 |- | colspan="6" align="center"| ''Cuireadh oifig ar fionraí'' |- | style="background:{{Sinn Féin/meta/color}};" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Declan Kearney]]''' || [[Íomhá:Declan_Kearney_2015.jpg|60px]] || Sinn Féin|| 11 Eanáir 2020|| 5 Bealtaine 2022 |- | colspan="6" align="center"| ''Cuireadh oifig ar fionraí'' |- | style="background:{{Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach/meta/color}}" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Pam Cameron]]''' ||[[Íomhá:PamLewis.jpg|60px]] || [[Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach|PAD]] ||3 Feabhra 2024|| 15 Meán Fómhair 2025 |- | style="background:{{Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach/meta/color}}" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; || '''[[Joanne Bunting]]''' ||[[Íomhá:Joanne_Bunting_2024.jpg|60px]] || PAD ||15 Meán Fómhair 2025|| ''sealbhóir '' |} == Féach freisin == * [[Céad-Aire agus LeasChéad-Aire Thuaisceart Éireann]] * [[Oifig an Fheidhmeannais]] == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} == Naisc sheachtracha == *[https://www.executiveoffice-ni.gov.uk/ Oifig an Fheidhmeannais] {{síol-ni}} {{Feidhmeannas Thuaisceart Éireann}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Aire sóisearach (Tuaisceart Éireann)}} [[Catagóir:Gníomhaireachtaí rialtais Thuaisceart Éireann]] [[Catagóir:Polaitíocht Thuaisceart Éireann]] [[Catagóir:Feidhmeannas Thuaisceart Éireann]] 5y5w8za9180kbc1m9hzkz73leoqwt9k 0 127274 1323047 1322618 2026-08-06T19:35:45Z Conradder 34685 Changed redirect target from [[Aire sóisearach (Tuaisceart Éireann)]] to [[Scoil Ghramadaí na Maighdine Muire]] 1323047 wikitext text/x-wiki #athsheoladh [[Scoil Ghramadaí na Maighdine Muire]] c4qvpeq92f7o2l413wexavy7qm9963r 1323048 1323047 2026-08-06T19:36:08Z Conradder 34685 Cealaíodh athrú [[Special:Diff/1323047|1323047]] le [[Special:Contributions/Conradder|Conradder]] ([[User talk:Conradder|plé]]) 1323048 wikitext text/x-wiki #athsheoladh [[Aire sóisearach (Tuaisceart Éireann)]] hqhmqvq58tevl0166wdtc3kwpp5oy58 0 127275 1323229 1322776 2026-08-07T07:45:40Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323229 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo}} Is speiceas [[cruidín]] san fho-fhine [[Cruidín crainn|Halcyoninae]] é an '''cruidín crúcghobach''' ('''''Melidora macrorrhina''''') a bhfuil cónaí air i gceantair fhoraoise ísealchríocha na [[An Nua-Ghuine|Nua-Ghuine]] agus i roinnt de na hoileáin in aice láimhe. Is é an t-aon bhall den ghéineas ''Melidora'' é an t-éan seo. Rangaítear an speiceas seo mar speiceas is lú imní ar [[Liosta Dearg na Speiceas i mBaol]] an AICD.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Melidora macrorrhina|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22683516/92988700|date=2016|doi=10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22683516a92988700.en|language=en|author=BirdLife International|journal=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species|publisher=BirdLife International|pages=e.T22683516A92988700|accessdate=13 Mí na Samhna 2021|volume=2016|authorlink=}}</ref> == Tacsanomaíocht == Ba é an máinlia agus nádúraí Francach [[René Lesson]] a rinne an chéad [[Cur síos foirmiúil|chur síos foirmiúil]] ar an gcrígh-iasc gobach sa bhliain 1827 faoin [[Ainmníocht dhéthéarmach|ainm dhéthéarmach]] ''Dacelo macrorrhina''.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Lesson, R.|title=Description d'un nouveau espèce de Dalcedo|journal=Bulletin des sciences naturelles et de géologie|volume=12|language=fr|pages=131–132|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/43065527|date=1827}}</ref> Is é an cruidín crúcghobach an t-aon speiceas a lonnaítear sa ghéineas ''Melidora'' a thug Lesson isteach sa bhliain 1830.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|author=Lesson, R.|date=1830|title=Traite d'Ornithologie|volume=1|publisher=F.G. Levrault. Tá an bhliain 1831 ar an leathanach teidil.|location=Páras|pages=249|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35997233}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Citation |title=Rollers, ground rollers & kingfishers |date=2017 |work=World Bird List Version 7.2 |editor-last=Gill |editor-first=F. |editor-last2=Donsker |editor-first2=D. |url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/rollers/ |access-date=17 Bealtaine 2017 |publisher=International Ornithologists' Union}}</ref> Is dócha gur ón Ghréigis chlasaiceach ''mēlis'' a chiallaíonn "buí" agus ''doru'' a chiallaíonn "sleá" a thagann ainm an ghéinis seo. Tagann an buafhocal sonrach ''macrorrhina'' ón Ghréigis chlasaiceach ''makros'' a chiallaíonn "fada" agus ''rhis'' arb é "srón" is brí leis.<ref name="jobling">{{Cite book-en|author=Jobling, J. A.|year=2010|title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names|url=https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling|publisher=Christopher Helm|location=Londain|isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4|pages=236, 249|date=2010}}</ref> Rangaíodh ''Melidora'' leis an ghéineas ''Tanysiptera'' sna 1980idí ach léirigh staidéir a foilsíodh sa bhliain 2006 gur gaire an gaol atá aige le ''Dacelo'' agus ''Clytoceyx''.<ref>{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=A Molecular Phylogeny of Kingfishers (Alcedinidae) With Insights Into Early Biogeographic History|url=https://academic.oup.com/auk/article/123/2/487-499/5147695|journal=The Auk|date=2006|issn=0004-8038|pages=487|volume=123|issue=2|doi=10.1642/0004-8038(2006)123[487:AMPOKA]2.0.CO;2|language=en|author=Moyle, R. G.}}</ref> Tá trí fhospeiceas ann:<ref name=":0" /> * ''M. m. waigiuensis'' [[Ernst Hartert|Hartert]], 1930 – [[Oileán Waigeo]] * ''M. m. macrorrhina'' (Lesson, R, 1827) – iarthar, lár, agus oirthear na Nua-Ghuine, agus na hOileáin [[Misool]] agus [[Batanta]] * ''M. m. jobiensis'' [[Tomasso Salvadori|Salvadori]], 1880 – tuaisceart na Nua-Ghuine agus [[Oileán Yapen]] == Cur síos == Is cruidín mór plucach é an cruidín crúcghobach atá 27 cm (11 or) i bhfad agus a bhfuil meáchan 85–100 g (3.0–3.9 oz) air.<ref name="fry">{{Cite book-en|author=Fry, C. H.; Fry, K.; Harris, A.|first=C. Hilary|title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters, and Rollers|publisher=Christopher Helm|location=Londain|isbn=978-0-7136-8028-7|pages=123–125|date=1992}}</ref> Tá stríoc bhán fhada aige faoina shúile. Tá íochtar bán agus cosa modartha buí air. Bíonn sé an-deacair an t-ainmhí seo a fheiceáil. Is ainmhí clapsholais é don chuid is mó a mbíonn gníomhach ó thitim go lár na hoíche. Glaonn sé agus canann sé a chuid amhráin um bhreacadh an lae agus um thitim na hoíche go príomha. Is feadóg fhada í an glao is coitianta á lean ag sraith nótaí gearra níos ardairde atá coitianta fosta.<ref name="fry">{{Cite book-en|author=Fry, C. H.; Fry, K.; Harris, A.|first=C. Hilary|title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters, and Rollers|publisher=Christopher Helm|location=Londain|isbn=978-0-7136-8028-7|pages=123–125|date=1992}}</ref> == Iompar == === Pórú === Tochlaíonn an cruidín crúcghobach seomra neide i nead gníomhach teirmítí crannacha atá 3–6 m (10–20 tr) os cionn na talún. Is éard atá san ál ná dhá ubh bhána a thagann amach go neamhshioncrónach. Cuidíonn an fireannach le goradh na n-uibheacha ar dtús agus le goradh na n-óga tar éis dá dteacht amach fosta.<ref name="fry">{{Cite book-en|author=Fry, C. H.; Fry, K.; Harris, A.|first=C. Hilary|title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters, and Rollers|publisher=Christopher Helm|location=Londain|isbn=978-0-7136-8028-7|pages=123–125|date=1992}}</ref> Rugtar na hóga le dhá fhiacail uibhe ceann amháin ar an ghob íochtair agus an ceann eile ar an ghob uachtair.<ref name=":1">{{Lua idirlín|url=https://pngbirds.myspecies.info/taxonomy/term/8339/descriptions|teideal=Melidora macrorrhina [Lesson, 1827]|údar=Tvardikova, K.|dáta=2017|language=en|work=pngbirds.myspecies.info|foilsitheoir=Guinea Birds online|dátarochtana=19 Meán Fómhair 2017}}</ref> === Beathú === Beathaíonn sé ar fheithidí agus ar fhroganna. Féadfaidh sé tochailt san ithir ag cuardach creiche ar bhealach cosúil leis an [[Cúcabarra sluasaidghobach|chúcabarra shluasaidghobach]].<ref name="fry">{{Cite book-en|author=Fry, C. H.; Fry, K.; Harris, A.|first=C. Hilary|title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters, and Rollers|publisher=Christopher Helm|location=Londain|isbn=978-0-7136-8028-7|pages=123–125|date=1992}}</ref> Níl mórán ar eolas faoi bheathú an ainmhí seo ach nuair a fheictear é, is minic a bhíonn sram le feiceáil ar a ghob.<ref name=":1" /> == Tagairtí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Naisc sheachtracha == <templatestyles src="Module:Side box/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Catcómhaoin|Melidora macrorrhina}} * [http://www.xeno-canto.org/species/Melidora-macrorrhina Xeno-canto: taifeadtaí fuaime den chruidín chrúcghobach] {{Halcyoninae}}{{Cavitaves|K.|state=collapsed}}{{Taxonbar}} [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] [[Catagóir:Melidora]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu in 1827]] [[Catagóir:Éin Eindéimeacha na Nua-Ghuine]] [[Catagóir:Liosta Dearg na speiceas is lú imní de chuid an AICD]] baixl4s5j0bbemkh36ovra134jt2x67 14 127281 1323276 1322799 2026-08-07T09:28:06Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323276 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an fhofhine [[Aves|éin]] seo a chur leis an chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] bn4nawx53coprxbux0njzylctg8gg9a 14 127299 1322857 1322834 2026-08-06T12:06:28Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322857 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 1322865 1322857 2026-08-06T12:08:42Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322865 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127301 1322853 1322836 2026-08-06T12:05:15Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322853 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 1322859 1322853 2026-08-06T12:07:16Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322859 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127303 1322852 1322818 2026-08-06T12:04:59Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322852 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 1322860 1322852 2026-08-06T12:07:34Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322860 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127306 1322858 1322835 2026-08-06T12:06:54Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322858 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127308 1322851 1322830 2026-08-06T12:04:39Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322851 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 1322861 1322851 2026-08-06T12:07:51Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322861 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127309 1322867 1322829 2026-08-06T12:09:41Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322867 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 14 127310 1322855 1322832 2026-08-06T12:06:08Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322855 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 1322863 1322855 2026-08-06T12:08:16Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322863 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127311 1323281 1322787 2026-08-07T09:30:03Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323281 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an ghéineas [[Aves|éin]] seo a chur leis an chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] bt8xv1xbmgqaegop2d4kf0yjxvrkg0v 14 127312 1323277 1322788 2026-08-07T09:28:22Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323277 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an fhine [[Aves|éin]] seo a chur leis an chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] qg9rj4ybl4yhb7j29o3igeu9hhvlh8c 14 127313 1323278 1322789 2026-08-07T09:28:42Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323278 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an ord [[Aves|éin]] seo a chur leis an chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Aves]] 1l2mxdg23mrdt6lv9x6y4ihi6km99eu 14 127314 1322866 1322828 2026-08-06T12:09:27Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322866 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 14 127317 1322856 1322833 2026-08-06T12:06:19Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322856 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 1322864 1322856 2026-08-06T12:08:29Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322864 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127320 1323279 1322798 2026-08-07T09:29:17Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323279 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an ghéineas [[Aves|éin]] seo a chur leis an chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] cmqycx685uex6507j6n8lmvfnz7undk 14 127321 1322854 1322831 2026-08-06T12:05:40Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322854 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 1322862 1322854 2026-08-06T12:08:02Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322862 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127322 1323282 1322802 2026-08-07T09:30:21Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323282 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an ghéineas [[Aves|éin]] seo a chur leis an chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] bt8xv1xbmgqaegop2d4kf0yjxvrkg0v 14 127332 1322849 1322843 2026-08-06T12:02:59Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322849 wikitext text/x-wiki Is catagóir choimeádáin í seo. Níor cheart ach fochatagóirí a bheith anseo. [[Catagóir:Éin de réir chéad a chur síos fhoirmiúil]] [[Catagóir:Ainmhithe a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] elq6rew59qk2c6ej4fz7obwp9c18phq 14 127333 1322848 1322844 2026-08-06T12:02:39Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322848 wikitext text/x-wiki Is catagóir choimeádáin í seo. Níor cheart ach fochatagóirí a bheith anseo. [[Catagóir:Éin de réir chéad a chur síos fhoirmiúil]] [[Catagóir:Ainmhithe a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] t1odneeprgz05u0sb56zi21rrb7gra5 14 127334 1322850 1322845 2026-08-06T12:03:13Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1322850 wikitext text/x-wiki Is catagóir choimeádáin í seo. Níor cheart ach fochatagóirí a bheith anseo. [[Catagóir:Éin de réir chéad a chur síos fhoirmiúil]] [[Catagóir:Ainmhithe a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 21ú hAois]] mxuyropjttsd1wa11e35ytphwrsnwxu 14 127335 1322847 2026-08-06T12:00:48Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Is catagóir choimeádáin í seo. Níor cheart ach fochatagóirí a bheith anseo. Ba cheart aon leathanaigh atá anseo a bhogadh go dtí an fhochatagóir chuí. [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Veirteabraigh de réir chéad a chur síos fhoirmiúil]]' 1322847 wikitext text/x-wiki Is catagóir choimeádáin í seo. Níor cheart ach fochatagóirí a bheith anseo. Ba cheart aon leathanaigh atá anseo a bhogadh go dtí an fhochatagóir chuí. [[Catagóir:Éin]] [[Catagóir:Veirteabraigh de réir chéad a chur síos fhoirmiúil]] c5ygn85snux0qzaq73h8bmkiiyfnw93 14 127336 1322869 2026-08-06T12:14:44Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1322869 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127337 1322872 2026-08-06T12:16:47Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]]' 1322872 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 14 127338 1322880 2026-08-06T12:32:21Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]]' 1322880 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 14 127339 1322888 2026-08-06T12:36:34Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]]' 1322888 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 14 127340 1322893 2026-08-06T12:39:16Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]]' 1322893 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 14 127341 1322898 2026-08-06T12:45:45Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1322898 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127342 1322900 2026-08-06T12:48:12Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]]' 1322900 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 14 127343 1322907 2026-08-06T12:52:56Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]]' 1322907 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 0 127344 1322909 2026-08-06T13:27:26Z Conradder 34685 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}} Is poblachtach Éireannach agus iarpholaiteoir de chuid [[Shinn Féin]] í '''Jennifer McCann''', a rugadh ar [[1 Márta]] [[1960]]. Ba [[Comhalta den Tionól Reachtach (Tuaisceart Éireann)|chomhalta]] den [[Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann|Tionól Reachtach]] é do [[Béal Feirste Thiar (Toghcheantar Tionóil)|Bhéal Feirste Thiar]], ó 2016.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://aims.niassembly.gov.uk/mlas/details.aspx?&aff=11679&per=212&sel=1&i...' 1322909 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}} Is poblachtach Éireannach agus iarpholaiteoir de chuid [[Shinn Féin]] í '''Jennifer McCann''', a rugadh ar [[1 Márta]] [[1960]]. Ba [[Comhalta den Tionól Reachtach (Tuaisceart Éireann)|chomhalta]] den [[Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann|Tionól Reachtach]] é do [[Béal Feirste Thiar (Toghcheantar Tionóil)|Bhéal Feirste Thiar]], ó 2016.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://aims.niassembly.gov.uk/mlas/details.aspx?&aff=11679&per=212&sel=1&ind=11&prv=1|teideal=The Northern Ireland Assembly|language=en-GB|work=www.niassembly.gov.uk|dátarochtana=2026-08-06}}</ref> agus bhí sí ina h[[Aire sóisearach (Tuaisceart Éireann)|Aire sóisearach]] a cuidiú leis an [[Céad-Aire agus LeasChéad-Aire Thuaisceart Éireann|leasChéad-Aire]] ó 2012 go 2016. == Saol go luath== Rugadh agus tógadh sa cheantar [[An Ladhar|na Laidhre]] i m[[Béal Feirste]]. Bhí McCann mór le [[Bobby Sands]] agus lena dheirfiúr [[Bernadette Sands McKevitt|Bernadette]]. Chuaigh McCann sa ghluaiseacht phoblachtach ina cailín scoile, nuair a ghlac sí ballraíocht i g[[Cumann na mBan]], agus ina dhiaidh sin, chuaigh sí sa [[An tIRA Sealadach|IRA Sealadach]] nuair a bhí sí 17 d'aois. Gabhadh McCann, nuair a bhí sí 20 d'aois, i ndiaidh di oifigeach [[RUC]] a scaoileadh, agus mar sin, fuair sí téarma príosúin fiche bliain. == Gairm pholaitiúil== Scaoileadh McCann as an phríosún i ndiaidh di deich mbliana a chaitheamh ann. Thosaigh sí ag obair do [[Shinn Féin]] ina roinn "phríosúnach cogaidh" agus roinn na mbán. Toghadh McCann ar [[Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann]] sa [[Toghchán Chomhthionól Thuaisceart Éireann 2007|2007]]. Rinneadh ina h[[Aire sóisearach (Tuaisceart Éireann)|Aire sóisearach]], faoi [[Martin McGuinness]], sa bhliain 2012 go dtí 2016. D'éirigh sí as [[Comhalta den Tionól Reachtach (Tuaisceart Éireann)|Chomhalta den Tionól Reachtach]] sa bhliain 2016. Tá McCann gníomhach, go fóill, le roinnt tionscadal ina pobal. == Saol pearsanta== Sa bhliain 1990, nuair a bhí sí ina príosúnach i b[[Príosún Mhaigh gCabraí]], phós McCann príosúnach eile, [[Rab Kerr]], i [[An Cheis Fhada|bPríosún na Maí]]. Ba iad comhphríosúnaigh [[Laurence McKeown]] agus [[Mary McArdle]] an finné fir agus an cailín coimhdeachta. Bhí triúr páistí ag McCann agus Kerr. Fuair Kerr bás sa bhliain 2003. == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} {{Síol-beath-ni}} {{DEFAULTSORT:McCann. Jennifer}} [[Catagóir:Daoine beo]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Tríú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2007-2011)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Cheathrú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2011-2016)]] [[Catagóir:Comhaltaí den Chúigiú Tionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann (2016-2017)]] [[Catagóir:Náisiúnaithe Éireannacha]] [[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1960]] [[Catagóir:Baill Shinn Féin]] [[Catagóir:Airí sóisearacha (Tuaisceart Éireann)]] 1lxut05c11t4q55jbo009c7cjs0lqel 14 127345 1322910 2026-08-06T13:27:54Z Conradder 34685 Created blank page 1322910 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 10 127346 1322927 2026-08-06T13:56:47Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '<includeonly>{{#invoke:Nihongo|nihongo}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Cuir catagóirí leis an bhfo-leathanach /doc agus naisc idirtheangacha le Wikidata. --> </noinclude>' 1322927 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Nihongo|nihongo}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Cuir catagóirí leis an bhfo-leathanach /doc agus naisc idirtheangacha le Wikidata. --> </noinclude> 6nadcou7s0utkg3x46rlc62grizt4he 10 127347 1322928 2026-08-06T13:58:18Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Téann na catagóirí san áit a léirítear ag bun an leathanaigh seo, le do thoil; téann naisc idirvicí chuig Wikidata (féach freisin: [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]). --> {{High-use}} {{COinS safe|n}} {{Lua|Module:Nihongo}} {{TOC right}} Úsáidtear an teimpléad seo chun téacs [[Japanese language|Seapáinise]] a thaispeáint, agus an cód agus an fhormáidiú ceart á gcur i bhfeidhm. == Úsáid == Marcálann an teimpléad seo an c...' 1322928 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Téann na catagóirí san áit a léirítear ag bun an leathanaigh seo, le do thoil; téann naisc idirvicí chuig Wikidata (féach freisin: [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]). --> {{High-use}} {{COinS safe|n}} {{Lua|Module:Nihongo}} {{TOC right}} Úsáidtear an teimpléad seo chun téacs [[Japanese language|Seapáinise]] a thaispeáint, agus an cód agus an fhormáidiú ceart á gcur i bhfeidhm. == Úsáid == Marcálann an teimpléad seo an chuid <code>kanji</code> mar théacs i [[kanji]] agus/nó [[kana]] Seapánach, rud a chabhraíonn le gníomhairí úsáideora (brabhsálaithe gréasáin agus a leithéid) é a thaispeáint i gceart. {{further|topic=nuair is ceart an teimpléad seo a úsáid|Wikipedia:Manual of Style (Japan-related articles)}} '''Comhréir:''' {|class=wikitable |Gan lead=yes |Le lead=yes |- |<code><nowiki>{{Nihongo|</nowiki>&lt;{{var|english}}>&#124;&lt;{{var|kanji/kana}}>&#124;&lt;{{var|rōmaji}}>&#124;&lt;{{var|extra}}>&#124;&lt;{{var|extra2}}>}}</code> |<code><nowiki>{{Nihongo|lead=yes|</nowiki>&lt;{{var|english}}>&#124;&lt;{{var|kanji/kana}}>&#124;&lt;{{var|rōmaji}}>&#124;extra=&lt;{{var|extra}}>&#124;extra2=&lt;{{var|extra2}}>}}</code> |} '''Paraiméadair:''' * &lt;{{var|english}}>. Roghnach. An focal mar a aistrítear go Béarla é. Tabhair faoi deara gur féidir leis seo a bheith mar an bhfocal Seapánach féin uaireanta toisc gur glacadh leis sa Bhéarla é. * &lt;{{var|kanji/kana}}>. Riachtanach nuair atá &lt;{{var|rōmaji}}> folamh nó fágtha ar lár. An focal mar a scríobhtar é le script Seapánach (kanji, kana). * &lt;{{var|rōmaji}}>. Riachtanach nuair atá &lt;{{var|kanji/kana}}> folamh. Traslitriú an fhocail Seapánaigh, ag úsáid Rómhánú Hepburn. * lead=yes. Roghnach. Ba cheart é seo a úsáid don chéad sampla den tSeapáinis, sa réamhrá de ghnáth. Cuireann sé "Seapáinis:" roimh théacs an kanji. Smaoinigh ar {{tl|nihongo foot}} a úsáid má chuireann an téacs Seapánach an iomarca tranglam sa chéad abairt. * &lt;{{var|extra}}>. Roghnach. Is féidir é a úsáid chun gluais a chur leis (go háirithe mura bhfuil foirm Bhéarla ann). Is féidir é a chur in iúl freisin mar pharaiméadar ainmnithe, <code>extra=</code> * &lt;{{var|extra2}}>. Roghnach. Is féidir é a chur in iúl freisin mar pharaiméadar ainmnithe, <code>extra2=</code>. Níl sé úsáideach ach i sainmhínithe ";" (taispeánfar extra2 gan cló trom, agus beidh an téacs tar éis an teimpléid i gcló trom). === Samplaí === ;Gnáthúsáid: {| CLASS="wikitable" |'''Cód''' ||<code><nowiki>{{Nihongo|Tokyo Tower|東京タワー|Tōkyō tawā}}</nowiki></code> |- |'''Taispeánann sé'''|| {{Nihongo|Tokyo Tower|東京タワー|Tōkyō tawā}} |} ;Úsáid sa réamhrá: {| CLASS="wikitable" |'''Cód''' ||<code><nowiki>{{Nihongo|Tokyo Tower|東京タワー|Tōkyō tawā|lead=yes}}</nowiki></code> |- |'''Taispeánann sé'''|| {{Nihongo|Tokyo Tower|東京タワー|Tōkyō tawā|lead=yes}} |} ;Gan <code>Béarla</code>: {| CLASS="wikitable" |'''Cód''' ||<code><nowiki>{{Nihongo||東京タワー|Tōkyō tawā}}</nowiki></code> |- |'''Taispeánann sé'''|| {{Nihongo||東京タワー|Tōkyō tawā}} |} ;Gan <code>Béarla</code>, úsáid sa réamhrá: {| CLASS="wikitable" |'''Cód''' ||<code><nowiki>{{Nihongo||東京タワー|Tōkyō tawā|lead=yes}}</nowiki></code> |- |'''Taispeánann sé'''|| {{Nihongo||東京タワー|Tōkyō tawā|lead=yes}} |} ;Le <code>extra</code> chun aistriúchán litriúil a chur leis: {| CLASS="wikitable" |'''Cód''' ||<code><nowiki>{{Nihongo|''Sokoban''|倉庫番|Sōko-ban|{{lit|warehouse keeper}}}}</nowiki></code> |- |'''Taispeánann sé'''|| {{Nihongo|''Sokoban''|倉庫番|Sōko-ban|{{lit|warehouse keeper}}}} |} ;Le <code>extra2</code>: {| CLASS="wikitable" |'''Cód''' || <code><nowiki>; {{Nihongo||虚無僧|komusō|extra2='Priest of nothingness'}}</nowiki></code><BR /> <code><nowiki>: Manach déircithe de chuid brainse Fuke de Bhúdachas Zen.</nowiki></code> |- |'''Taispeánann sé'''|| ; {{Nihongo||虚無僧|komusō|extra2='Priest of nothingness'}} : Manach déircithe de chuid brainse Fuke de Bhúdachas Zen. |} {{hatnote|Nóta: téann aistriúcháin litriúla agus gluaiseanna teangeolaíochta idir chomharthaí athfhriotail aonair, ní idir chomharthaí dúbailte.}} ;Gan <code>extra2</code>: {| CLASS="wikitable" |'''Cód''' || <code><nowiki>; {{Nihongo||虚無僧|komusō}} 'Priest of nothingness'</nowiki></code><BR /> <code><nowiki>: Mendicant priest of the Fuke sect of Zen Buddhism.</nowiki></code> |- |'''Taispeánann sé'''|| <!-- -->; {{Nihongo||虚無僧|komusō}} 'Priest of nothingness' <!-- -->: Manach déircithe de chuid brainse Fuke de Bhúdachas Zen. |} === Stíl úsáideora === Is féidir [[Help:User style|stíl úsáideora]] a shocrú trí chód cosúil leis an gceann seo a chur le [[Special:Mypage/common.css|common.css]]: <syntaxhighlight lang="css"> @media screen, tv { *[lang="ja"] { color: green; } }</syntaxhighlight> ==Teachtaireachtaí earráide== Cruthaíonn an teimpléad seo teachtaireacht earráide amháin dá chuid féin: :<span class="error" style="font-size:100%">error: <nowiki>{{nihongo}}</nowiki>: Japanese or romaji text required</span> Tá ceann de na paraiméadair shuímh <code>&lt;{{var|kanji/kana}}></code> (<code><nowiki>{{{2}}}</nowiki></code>), an "Seapáinis" a luaitear sa teachtaireacht earráide, nó <code>&lt;{{var|rōmaji}}></code> (<code><nowiki>{{{3}}}</nowiki></code>) riachtanach chun an teimpléad seo a oibriú i gceart. Bailítear ailt leis na hearráidí seo in {{clc|Nihongo template errors}}. Tarlaíonn an earráid seo go minic toisc go bhfuil an teimpléad míchumtha: :<code><nowiki>{{Nihongo|東京タワー}}</nowiki></code> in áit <code><nowiki>{{Nihongo||東京タワー}}</nowiki></code>; tá {{lang|ja|東京タワー}} in <code><nowiki>{{{1}}}</nowiki></code> (<code>&lt;{{var|english}}></code>) in áit <code><nowiki>{{{2}}}</nowiki></code> (<code>&lt;{{var|kanji/kana}}></code>). Chun an earráid seo a réiteach, cuir an píobán atá ar iarraidh (<code>|</code>) leis nó smaoinigh ar {{tlx|lang}} nó {{tlx|transliteration}} a úsáid. Toisc go n-úsáideann an teimpléad seo {{tld|lang}} agus {{tlx|transliteration}}, a chruthaíonn a dteachtaireachtaí earráide féin, féach ar an téacs cabhrach dóibh ag: :{{cl|Lang and lang-xx template errors}} – le haghaidh teachtaireachtaí earráide a chruthaíonn {{tld|lang}} :{{cl|Transliteration template errors}} – le haghaidh teachtaireachtaí earráide a chruthaíonn {{tld|transliteration}} ==Teorainneacha== Ní féidir an teimpléad seo a úsáid taobh istigh de Wikilink in alt, ná i dteimpléad ar bith eile nó ar leathanach eile atá [[WP:Transclusion|traschuimsithe]] in alt. == Sonraí an Teimpléid == {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "Úsáidtear an teimpléad seo chun téacs Seapánach a thaispeáint, agus an cód agus an fhormáidiú ceart á gcur i bhfeidhm.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Téacs Béarla", "type": "string", "description": "An focal mar a aistrítear go Béarla é. Tabhair faoi deara gur féidir leis seo a bheith mar an bhfocal Seapánach féin má glacadh leis sa Bhéarla." }, "2": { "label": "Téacs kanji/kana", "type": "string", "required": true, "description": "An focal mar a scríobhtar é sa tSeapáinis (kanji, kana, litreacha Rómhánacha, agus marcanna eile a d'fhéadfadh a bheith ann)." }, "3": { "label": "Téacs Rómhánaithe (rōmaji)", "type": "string", "description": "Traslitriú an fhocail Seapánaigh, ag úsáid Rómhánú Hepburn." }, "4": { "label": "Téacs breise taobh istigh de lúibíní", "type": "string", "description": "Cuireann téacs breise taobh istigh de na lúibíní. ", "aliases": [ "extra" ] }, "5": { "label": "Téacs breise taobh amuigh de lúibíní", "type": "string", "description": "Cuireann téacs breise taobh amuigh de na lúibíní. Ní úsáidtear é ach i sainmhínithe le \";\" (taispeánfar é gan cló trom, agus beidh an téacs a leanann an teimpléad i gcló trom). Caithfidh aistriúcháin litriúla agus gluaiseanna teangeolaíochta comharthaí athfhriotail aonair a úsáid, ní comharthaí dúbailte.", "aliases": [ "extra2" ] }, "lead": { "label": "Formáidiú an réamhrá", "type": "string", "description": "Má shocraítear é mar yes, athraíonn sé stíl fhormáidithe don chéad sampla den tSeapáinis, sa réamhrá de ghnáth. Tugann sé tuiscint don léitheoir ar an gcineál scríbhneoireachta neamh-Bhéarla atá á fheiceáil aige.", "autovalue": "yes", "suggestedvalues": [ "yes" ] } }, "paramOrder": [ "1", "2", "3", "lead", "4", "5" ], "format": "inline" } </templatedata> == Féach freisin == * {{tlp|Langx|ja|...}}, {{tlp|lang|ja|...}}, teimpléid chosúla sa [[:Category:Lang-x templates|teimpléad Lang-x]] chun téacs Seapánach a mharcáil * {{tl|Nihongo3}}, beagnach mar an gcéanna leis an teimpléad seo, ach tugann sé rōmaji ar dtús agus Béarla taobh istigh de na lúibíní * {{tl|Nihongo krt}}, beagnach mar an gcéanna leis an teimpléad seo, ach tugann sé kanji ar dtús le rōmaji agus Béarla taobh istigh de na lúibíní * {{tl|Nihongo foot}}, mar an leagan seo, ach cuireann sé gach rud seachas an Béarla i bhfonóta * {{tl|Nihongo2}}, taispeánann sé an kanji i gceart freisin, ach gan aon rud a chur leis i lúibíní, gan rōmaji agus gan na paraiméadair bhreise * {{tlp|in lang|ja}}, chun foinsí scríofa sa tSeapáinis a lipéadú * {{tl|Japanese script needed}}, chun cabhair shaineolach le script Seapánach a iarraidh {{Unicode templates}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Téann na catagóirí faoin líne seo, le do thoil; téann naisc idirvicí chuig Wikidata, go raibh maith agat! --> [[Category:Japonic multilingual support templates|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Category:WikiProject Japan templates|Nihongo]] }}</includeonly> my9suxk8a9wja3qlzmeh2noinrqn2xb 1322931 1322928 2026-08-06T14:00:44Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 1322931 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Categories go where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis go to Wikidata (see also: [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]). --> {{High-use}} {{COinS safe|n}} {{Lua|Module:Nihongo}} {{TOC right}} This template is used to display [[Japanese language|Japanese]] text, applying the correct code and formatting. == Usage == This template marks the <code>kanji</code> segment as being in Japanese [[kanji]] and/or [[kana]], which helps user agents (web browsers and so on) to display it correctly. {{further|topic=when to use this template|Wikipedia:Manual of Style (Japan-related articles)}} '''Syntax:''' {|class=wikitable |Without lead=yes |With lead=yes |- |<code><nowiki>{{Nihongo|</nowiki>&lt;{{var|english}}>&#124;&lt;{{var|kanji/kana}}>&#124;&lt;{{var|rōmaji}}>&#124;&lt;{{var|extra}}>&#124;&lt;{{var|extra2}}>}}</code> |<code><nowiki>{{Nihongo|lead=yes|</nowiki>&lt;{{var|english}}>&#124;&lt;{{var|kanji/kana}}>&#124;&lt;{{var|rōmaji}}>&#124;extra=&lt;{{var|extra}}>&#124;extra2=&lt;{{var|extra2}}>}}</code> |} '''Parameters:''' * &lt;{{var|english}}>. Optional. The word as translated into English. Note that this will sometimes be the actual Japanese word due to it being adopted into English. * &lt;{{var|kanji/kana}}>. Required when &lt;{{var|rōmaji}}> is empty or omitted. The word as written using Japanese script (kanji, kana). * &lt;{{var|rōmaji}}>. Required when &lt;{{var|kanji/kana}}> is empty. Transliteration of the Japanese word, using Hepburn Romanization. * lead=yes. Optional. This should be used for the first instance of Japanese, usually in the lead. It adds "Japanese:" before the kanji text. Consider {{tl|nihongo foot}} if the Japanese text is too much clutter for the lead sentence. * &lt;{{var|extra}}>. Optional. Can be used to add a gloss (particularly if there is no English form). Can also be expressed as a named parameter, <code>extra=</code> * &lt;{{var|extra2}}>. Optional. Can also be expressed as a named parameter, <code>extra2=</code>. It is only useful in ";" definitions (extra2 will be displayed without bold, whereas text following the template will get the bold). === Examples === ;Regular use: {| CLASS="wikitable" |'''Code''' ||<code><nowiki>{{Nihongo|Tokyo Tower|東京タワー|Tōkyō tawā}}</nowiki></code> |- |'''Gives'''|| {{Nihongo|Tokyo Tower|東京タワー|Tōkyō tawā}} |} ;Use in lead: {| CLASS="wikitable" |'''Code''' ||<code><nowiki>{{Nihongo|Tokyo Tower|東京タワー|Tōkyō tawā|lead=yes}}</nowiki></code> |- |'''Gives'''|| {{Nihongo|Tokyo Tower|東京タワー|Tōkyō tawā|lead=yes}} |} ;Without <code>English</code>: {| CLASS="wikitable" |'''Code''' ||<code><nowiki>{{Nihongo||東京タワー|Tōkyō tawā}}</nowiki></code> |- |'''Gives'''|| {{Nihongo||東京タワー|Tōkyō tawā}} |} ;Without <code>English</code>, use in lead: {| CLASS="wikitable" |'''Code''' ||<code><nowiki>{{Nihongo||東京タワー|Tōkyō tawā|lead=yes}}</nowiki></code> |- |'''Gives'''|| {{Nihongo||東京タワー|Tōkyō tawā|lead=yes}} |} ;With <code>extra</code> to add a literal translation: {| CLASS="wikitable" |'''Code''' ||<code><nowiki>{{Nihongo|''Sokoban''|倉庫番|Sōko-ban|{{lit|warehouse keeper}}}}</nowiki></code> |- |'''Gives'''|| {{Nihongo|''Sokoban''|倉庫番|Sōko-ban|{{lit|warehouse keeper}}}} |} ;With <code>extra2</code>: {| CLASS="wikitable" |'''Code''' || <code><nowiki>; {{Nihongo||虚無僧|komusō|extra2='Priest of nothingness'}}</nowiki></code><BR /> <code><nowiki>: Mendicant priest of the Fuke sect of Zen Buddhism.</nowiki></code> |- |'''Gives'''|| ; {{Nihongo||虚無僧|komusō|extra2='Priest of nothingness'}} : Mendicant priest of the Fuke sect of Zen Buddhism. |} {{hatnote|Note: literal translations and linguistic glosses go in [[MOS:SINGLE|single quotation marks]], not double.}} ;Without <code>extra2</code>: {| CLASS="wikitable" |'''Code''' || <code><nowiki>; {{Nihongo||虚無僧|komusō}} 'Priest of nothingness'</nowiki></code><BR /> <code><nowiki>: Mendicant priest of the Fuke sect of Zen Buddhism.</nowiki></code> |- |'''Gives'''|| <!-- -->; {{Nihongo||虚無僧|komusō}} 'Priest of nothingness' <!-- -->: Mendicant priest of the Fuke sect of Zen Buddhism. |} === User style === [[Help:User style|User style]] can be set by adding code similar to <syntaxhighlight lang="css"> @media screen, tv { *[lang="ja"] { color: green; } }</syntaxhighlight> to [[Special:Mypage/common.css|common.css]]. ==Error messaging== This template emits one error message of its own: :<span class="error" style="font-size:100%">error: <nowiki>{{nihongo}}</nowiki>: Japanese or romaji text required</span> One of the positional parameters <code>&lt;{{var|kanji/kana}}></code> (<code><nowiki>{{{2}}}</nowiki></code>), the 'Japanese' referred to in the error message or <code>&lt;{{var|rōmaji}}></code> (<code><nowiki>{{{3}}}</nowiki></code>) is required for proper operation of this template. Articles with these errors are collected in {{clc|Nihongo template errors}}. This error often occurs because the template is malformed: :<code><nowiki>{{Nihongo|東京タワー}}</nowiki></code> instead of <code><nowiki>{{Nihongo||東京タワー}}</nowiki></code>; {{lang|ja|東京タワー}} is in <code><nowiki>{{{1}}}</nowiki></code> (<code>&lt;{{var|english}}></code>) instead of <code><nowiki>{{{2}}}</nowiki></code> (<code>&lt;{{var|kanji/kana}}></code>). To resolve this error, add the missing pipe (<code>|</code>) or consider using {{tlx|lang}} or {{tlx|transliteration}} Because this template uses {{tld|lang}} and {{tlx|transliteration}} which emit their own error messages, see the help text for those at: :{{cl|Lang and lang-xx template errors}} – for error messages emitted by {{tld|lang}} :{{cl|Transliteration template errors}} – for error messages emitted by {{tld|transliteration}} ==Limitations== This cannot be used within a Wikilink in an article or in any template or other page that is [[WP:Transclusion|transcluded]] into an article. == TemplateData == {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template is used to display Japanese text, applying the correct code and formatting.", "params": { "1": { "label": "English text", "type": "string", "description": "The word as translated into English. Note this will sometimes be the actual Japanese word if it has been adopted into English." }, "2": { "label": "Kanji/kana text", "type": "string", "required": true, "description": "The word as written in Japanese (kanji, kana, Roman letters, and possibly other marks)." }, "3": { "label": "Romanized (rōmaji) text", "type": "string", "description": "Transliteration of the Japanese word, using Hepburn Romanization." }, "4": { "label": "Extra text inside parentheses", "type": "string", "description": "Adds extra text inside the parentheses. ", "aliases": [ "extra" ] }, "5": { "label": "Extra text outside parentheses", "type": "string", "description": "Adds extra text outside the parentheses. It is only useful in \";\" definitions (it will be displayed without bold, whereas text following the template, will be bolded). Literal translations and linguistic glosses must use single quotation marks, not double.", "aliases": [ "extra2" ] }, "lead": { "label": "Lead formatting", "type": "string", "description": "If set to yes, changes formatting style for the first instance of Japanese, usually in the lead. It gives the reader an idea what kind of non-English writing they are viewing.", "autovalue": "yes", "suggestedvalues": [ "yes" ] } }, "paramOrder": [ "1", "2", "3", "lead", "4", "5" ], "format": "inline" } </templatedata> == See also == * {{tlp|Langx|ja|...}},{{tlp|lang|ja|...}}, similar templates in the [[:Category:Lang-x templates|Lang-x template]] for marking up Japanese text * {{tl|Nihongo3}}, essentially the same as this template, but gives rōmaji first and English inside the parentheses * {{tl|Nihongo krt}}, essentially the same as this template, but gives kanji first with rōmaji and English inside the parentheses * {{tl|Nihongo foot}}, same as this version, but puts everything but the English into a footnote * {{tl|Nihongo2}}, also displays the kanji properly, but without adding anything in parentheses, without rōmaji and without the extra parameters * {{tlp|in lang|ja}}, to label sources written in Japanese * {{tl|Japanese script needed}}, to request expert assistance with Japanese script {{Unicode templates}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories go below this line, please; interwikis go to Wikidata, thank you! --> [[Category:Japonic multilingual support templates|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Category:WikiProject Japan templates|Nihongo]] }}</includeonly> 66mprngmro5oi1tkvvlfd31s38xhunv 828 127348 1322929 2026-08-06T13:58:52Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'require('strict'); --[[--------------------------< E R R O R _ M E S S A G E S >-------------------------------------------------- error messaging; keys to this table are the template base names: 'nihongo', 'nihongo3', 'nihongo krt', 'nihongo foot' → 'nihongo' etc ]] local err_msg = { ['nihongo'] = 'Japanese or romaji text required', } local err_cat = { ['nihongo'] = '[[Category:Nihongo template errors]]', } --[[--------------------------< C O N F I...' 1322929 Scribunto text/plain require('strict'); --[[--------------------------< E R R O R _ M E S S A G E S >-------------------------------------------------- error messaging; keys to this table are the template base names: 'nihongo', 'nihongo3', 'nihongo krt', 'nihongo foot' → 'nihongo' etc ]] local err_msg = { ['nihongo'] = 'Japanese or romaji text required', } local err_cat = { ['nihongo'] = '[[Category:Nihongo template errors]]', } --[[--------------------------< C O N F I G U R A T I O N >---------------------------------------------------- configuration setting for the various templates. keys to this table are the template names without capitalization ]] local cfg = { ['nihongo'] = { tag = 'ja', system = 'hepburn', system_link = '[[Hepburn romanization|Hepburn]]', err_msg = err_msg.nihongo, err_cat = err_cat.nihongo, }, ['nihongo3'] = { tag = 'ja', system = 'hepburn', err_msg = err_msg.nihongo, err_cat = err_cat.nihongo, }, ['nihongo krt'] = { tag = 'ja', system = 'hepburn', err_msg = err_msg.nihongo, err_cat = err_cat.nihongo, }, ['nihongo foot'] = { tag = 'ja', system = 'hepburn', system_link = '[[Hepburn romanization|Hepburn]]', err_msg = err_msg.nihongo, err_cat = err_cat.nihongo, }, } --[[--------------------------< E R R O R _ M E S S A G E >---------------------------------------------------- Creates an error message for {{nihongo}}, {{nihongo3}}, {{nihongo krt}}, and {{nihongo foot}} when these template are missing <japanese> or <romaji> inputs; names the offending template, links to template page, and adds article to Category:Nihongo template errors ]] local function error_message (template) local msg = {'<span class="error" style="font-size:100%">error: {{'}; table.insert (msg, template); table.insert (msg, '}}: '); table.insert (msg, cfg[template].err_msg); table.insert (msg, ' ([[Template:'); table.insert (msg, template); table.insert (msg, '|help]])</span>'); if 0 == mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace then table.insert (msg, cfg[template].err_cat); end return table.concat (msg); end --[[--------------------------< R E N D E R E R >-------------------------------------------------------------- Shared support function for nihingo(), nihongo3(), and nihongo_foot(). Calculates an index into formatting{} from set/unset parameters: args[1] (english text) has a value of 8 (set) or 0 (unset) args[2] (native text) has a value of 4 args[3] (romanized text) has a value of 2 args[4] (extra) has a value of 1 index, the sum of these values, gets the appropriate format string from formatting{} table with associated values from the formatting[index][2] table ]] local function renderer (args, formatting, extra2) local output; local index = 0; -- index into formatting{} local param_weight = {8, 4, 2, 1}; -- binary parameter weights: [1] = english (8), [2] = japanese (4), [3] = romaji (2), [4] = extra (1) for i=1, 5 do -- spin through args[1] – args[4] index = index + (args[i] and param_weight[i] or 0); -- calculate an index into formatting{} end output = (0 ~= index) and string.format (formatting[index][1] and formatting[index][1], formatting[index][2][1], formatting[index][2][2], formatting[index][2][3], formatting[index][2][4]) or nil; if extra2 then -- always just attached to the end (if there is an end) so not part of formatting{} output = output and (output .. ' ' .. extra2) or '<5p4n>' .. extra2; -- <5p4n> and </5p4n>: place holders for font-weight style spans; akin to stripmarkers, to be replaced end -- (nihongo and nihongo3) or removed (nihongo foot) return output and (output .. '</5p4n>') or ''; -- where there is output, add secret tag close end --[[--------------------------< R O M A N I Z E D _ K E R N >-------------------------------------------------- Add kerning when first or last character of romanized text contacts adjacent opening or closing parenthesis In this example, without kerning, the romanized characters 'j' and 'V' are italicized so will contact the parentheses (<i lang=\"ja-Latn\" title=\"Hepburn transliteration\">jV</i>) <ret_string> is the formatted template output (except that the magic string '<5p4n>' has not yet been replaced) <romanized> is the return from lang_module._xlit() so is not wrapped in parentheses ]] local function romanized_kern (ret_string, romanized) if not romanized or ('' == romanized) then -- if romanized not set return ret_string; -- then we're done end local romanized_text = romanized:gsub ('%b<>', ''):gsub ('\'\'+', ''):gsub ('%[%[', ''):gsub ('%]%]', ''); -- strip HTML tags romanized = romanized:gsub ('([%(%)%.%%%+%-%*%?%[%^%$%]])', '%%%1'); -- escape lua pattern characters local romanized_has_leading_paren = ret_string:match ('%(' .. romanized); -- has a value if (<romanized>; nil else local romanized_has_trailing_paren = ret_string:match (romanized .. '%)'); -- has a value if <romanized>); nil else local kern_lead_pattern = '^[jpy]'; -- list of characters that when italicized contact unitalicized leading parenthesis local kern_tail_pattern = '[dfijkltCEFHIJKMNPR-Z\'"%?!%]]$'; -- list of characters that when italicized contact unitalicized trailing parenthesis local kern_right = '<span style="margin-right:.09em">(</span>%1'; -- %1 is <romanized> capture local kern_left = '%1<span style="margin-left:.09em">)</span>'; -- %1 is <romanized> capture if romanized_has_leading_paren and romanized_text:match (kern_lead_pattern) then ret_string = ret_string:gsub ('%((' .. romanized .. ')', kern_right); -- replace plain '(' with kerned '('; <romanized> included here to ensure that the correct '(' is kerned end if romanized_has_trailing_paren and romanized_text:match (kern_tail_pattern) then ret_string = ret_string:gsub ('(' .. romanized .. ')%)', kern_left); -- replace plain ')' with kerned ')'; <romanized> included here to ensure that the correct ')' is kerned end return ret_string; -- done end --[[--------------------------< C O M M O N >------------------------------------------------------------------ Common support for {{nihongo}} render order: is translated (English), native, romanized <template> is used to select the appropriate cfg table ]] local function common (frame, template) local lang_module = require ('Module:Lang' .. (frame:getTitle():match ('/sandbox') or '')); -- if this module is the sandbox, use Module:lang/sandbox; Module:Lang else local args = require ('Module:Arguments').getArgs (frame); local english, native, romanized, extra, extra2 = args[1], args[2], args[3], args.extra or args[4], args.extra2 or args[5]; -- meaningful names args[4] = extra or args[4]; -- ensure that extra is 'positional' for use by renderer() local lead = require ('Module:yesno')(args.lead); -- make boolean if not (native or romanized) then -- not present, return an error message return error_message (template); end if native then native = lead and lang_module._langx ({['code']=cfg[template].tag, ['text']=native, ['template']=template}) or lang_module._lang ({cfg[template].tag, native, ['template']=template}); -- add ja script with/without language prefix end if romanized then romanized = (lead and english and (cfg[template].system_link .. ': ') or '') .. lang_module._xlit ({'ja', cfg[template].system, romanized, ['template']=template}) or nil; end local formatting = { -- <5p4n> and </5p4n>: place holders for font-weight style spans; akin to stripmarkers, replaced before function returns {'<5p4n>(%s)', {extra}}, -- 1 - (extra) {'%s<5p4n>', {romanized}}, -- 2 - romanized {'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {romanized, extra}}, -- 3 - romanized (extra) {'<5p4n>(%s)', {native}}, -- 4 - native {'<5p4n>(%s; %s)', {native, extra}}, -- 5 - (native; extra) {'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {romanized, native}}, -- 6 - romanized (native) {'%s<5p4n> (%s; %s)', {romanized, native, extra}}, -- 7 - romanized (native; extra) {'%s<5p4n>', {english}}, -- 8 - english {'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {english, extra}}, -- 9 - english (extra) {'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {english, romanized}}, -- 10 - english (romanized) {'%s<5p4n> (%s; %s)', {english, romanized, extra}}, -- 11 - english (romanized; extra) {'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {english, native}}, -- 12 - english (native) {'%s<5p4n> (%s; %s)', {english, native, extra}}, -- 13 - english (native; extra) {'%s<5p4n> (%s, %s)', {english, native, romanized}}, -- 14 - english (native, romanized) {'%s<5p4n> (%s, %s; %s)', {english, native, romanized, extra}}, -- 15 - english (native, romanized; extra) } local ret_string = renderer (args, formatting, extra2) ret_string = romanized_kern (ret_string, romanized); -- kern romanized text when appropriate ret_string = ret_string:gsub ('<5p4n>', '<span style="font-weight: normal">'):gsub ('</5p4n>', '</span>'); -- replace 'secret' tags with proper tags return ret_string; -- because gsub returns the number of replacements made as second return value end --[[--------------------------< C O M M O N _ R O M A N I Z E D _ N A T I V E _ T R A N S L A T E D >---------- Common support for {{nihongo3}} render order: is romanized, native, translated (English) <template> is used to select the appropriate cfg table ]] local function common_romanized_native_translated (frame, template) local lang_module = require ('Module:Lang' .. (frame:getTitle():match ('/sandbox') or '')); -- if this module is the sandbox, use Module:lang/sandbox; Module:Lang else local args = require ('Module:Arguments').getArgs (frame); local english, native, romanized, extra, extra2 = args[1], args[2], args[3], args.extra or args[4], args.extra2 or args[5]; -- meaningful names args[4] = extra or args[4]; -- ensure that extra is 'positional' for use by renderer() if not (native or romanized) then -- not present, return an error message return error_message (template); end native = native and lang_module._lang ({cfg[template].tag, native, ['template']=template}) or nil; romanized = romanized and lang_module._xlit ({cfg[template].tag, cfg[template].system, romanized, ['template']=template}) or nil; local formatting = { -- <5p4n> and </5p4n>: place holders for font-weight style spans; akin to stripmarkers, replaced before function returns {'<5p4n>(%s)', {extra}}, -- 1 - (extra) {'%s<5p4n>', {romanized}}, -- 2 - romanized {'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {romanized, extra}}, -- 3 - romanized (extra) {'<5p4n>(%s)', {native}}, -- 4 - native {'<5p4n>(%s; %s)', {native, extra}}, -- 5 - (native; extra) {'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {romanized, native}}, -- 6 - romanized (native) {'%s<5p4n> (%s; %s)', {romanized, native, extra}}, -- 7 - romanized (native; extra) {'%s<5p4n>', {english}}, -- 8 - english {'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {english, extra}}, -- 9 - english (extra) {'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {romanized, english}}, -- 10 - romanized (english) {'%s<5p4n> (%s; %s)', {romanized, english, extra}}, -- 11 - romanized (english; extra) {'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {english, native}}, -- 12 - english (native) {'%s<5p4n> (%s; %s)', {english, native, extra}}, -- 13 - english (native; extra) {'%s<5p4n> (%s, %s)', {romanized, native, english}}, -- 14 - romanized (native, english) {'%s<5p4n> (%s, %s; %s)', {romanized, native, english, extra}}, -- 15 - romanized (native, english; extra) } local ret_string = renderer (args, formatting, extra2) ret_string = ret_string:gsub ('<5p4n>', '<span style="font-weight: normal">'):gsub ('</5p4n>', '</span>'); -- replace 'secret' tags with proper tags return ret_string; -- because gsub returns the number of replacements made as second return value end --[[--------------------------< C O M M O N _ N A T I V E _ R O M A N I Z E D _ T R A N S L A T E D >---------- Common support for {{nihongo krt}} render order: is native, romanized, translated (English) <template> is used to select the appropriate cfg table ]] local function common_native_romanized_translated (frame, template) local lang_module = require ('Module:Lang' .. (frame:getTitle():match ('/sandbox') or '')); -- if this module is the sandbox, use Module:lang/sandbox; Module:Lang else local args = require ('Module:Arguments').getArgs (frame); local english, native, romanized, extra, extra2 = args[1], args[2], args[3], args.extra or args[4], args.extra2 or args[5]; -- meaningful names args[4] = extra or args[4]; -- ensure that extra is 'positional' for use by renderer() if not (native or romanized) then -- not present, return an error message return error_message (template); end native = native and lang_module._lang ({cfg[template].tag, native, ['template']=template}) or nil; romanized = romanized and lang_module._xlit ({cfg[template].tag, cfg[template].system, romanized, ['template']=template}) or nil; local formatting = { -- <5p4n> and </5p4n>: place holders for font-weight style spans; akin to stripmarkers, replaced before function returns {'<5p4n>(%s)', {extra}}, -- 1 - (extra) {'%s<5p4n>', {romanized}}, -- 2 - romanized {'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {romanized, extra}}, -- 3 - romanized (extra) {'<5p4n>%s', {native}}, -- 4 - native {'<5p4n>%s (%s)', {native, extra}}, -- 5 - native (extra) {'<5p4n>%s (%s)', {native, romanized}}, -- 6 - native (romanized) {'<5p4n>%s (%s; %s)', {native, romanized, extra}}, -- 7 - native (romanized; extra) {'%s<5p4n>', {english}}, -- 8 - english {'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {english, extra}}, -- 9 - english (extra) {'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {romanized, english}}, -- 10 - romanized (english) {'%s<5p4n> (%s; %s)', {romanized, english, extra}}, -- 11 - romanized (english; extra) {'<5p4n>%s (%s)', {native, english}}, -- 12 - native (english) {'<5p4n>%s (%s; %s)', {native, english, extra}}, -- 13 - native (english; extra) {'<5p4n>%s (%s, %s)', {native, romanized, english}}, -- 14 - native (romanized, english) {'<5p4n>%s (%s, %s; %s)', {native, romanized, english, extra}}, -- 15 - native (romanized, english; extra) } local ret_string = renderer (args, formatting, extra2) ret_string = romanized_kern (ret_string, romanized); -- kern romanized text when appropriate ret_string = ret_string:gsub ('<5p4n>', '<span style="font-weight: normal">'):gsub ('</5p4n>', '</span>'); -- replace 'secret' tags with proper tags return ret_string; -- because gsub returns the number of replacements made as second return value end --[[--------------------------< C O M M O N _ F O O T >-------------------------------------------------------- Common support for {{nihongo foot}} render order: is English<ref>native, romanized</ref> <template> is used to select the appropriate cfg table ]] local function common_foot (frame, template) local lang_module = require ('Module:Lang' .. (frame:getTitle():match ('/sandbox') or '')); -- if this module is the sandbox, use Module:lang/sandbox; Module:Lang else local args = require ('Module:Arguments').getArgs (frame); local english, native, romanized, extra, extra2 = args[1], args[2], args[3], args.extra or args[4], args.extra2 or args[5]; -- meaningful names args[4] = extra or args[4]; -- ensure that extra is 'positional' for use by renderer() local post = args[6] or args.post; local group = args.group; local ref_name = args.ref_name local lead = require ('Module:yesno')(args.lead); -- make boolean if not (native or romanized) then -- not present, return an error message return error_message (template); end if native then native = lead and lang_module._langx ({['code']=cfg[template].tag, ['text']=native, ['template']=template}) or lang_module._lang ({cfg[template].tag, native, ['template']=template}); -- add ja script with/without language prefix end if romanized then romanized = (lead and (cfg[template].system_link .. ': ') or '') .. lang_module._xlit ({'ja', cfg[template].system, romanized, ['template']=template}) or nil; end local formatting = { {'%s', {extra}}, -- 1 - extra {'%s', {romanized}}, -- 2 - romanized {'%s; %s', {romanized, extra}}, -- 3 - romanized; extra {'%s', {native}}, -- 4 - native {'%s; %s', {native, extra}}, -- 5 - native; extra {'%s, %s', {native, romanized}}, -- 6 - native romanized {'%s, %s; %s', {native, romanized, extra}}, -- 7 - native romanized; extra -- from here english is used in the mapping but not rendered by renderer so not included in the table {'', {''}}, -- 8 - english {'%s', {extra}}, -- 9 - extra {'%s', {romanized}}, -- 10 - romanized {'%s; %s', {romanized, extra}}, -- 11 - romanized; extra {'%s', {native}}, -- 12 - native {'%s; %s', {native, extra}}, -- 13 - native; extra {'%s, %s', {native, romanized}}, -- 14 - native romanized {'%s, %s; %s', {native, romanized, extra}}, -- 15 - native romanized; extra } if english and post then -- rewrite english to include |post= english = english .. post; -- if english has a value append post else just post elseif post then english = post; -- english not set, use post elseif not english then -- neither are set english = ''; -- make english an empty string for concatenation end if native or romanized or extra or extra2 then -- no ref tag when none of these are set (it would be empty) local content = renderer (args, formatting, extra2); content = content:gsub ('<5p4n>', ''):gsub ('</5p4n>$', '', 1); -- strip secret <5p4n> and </5p4n> tags added by renderer(); spans not used by this template if english:match ('\'\'+$') then -- if <english> is italic, bold, or both local text = english:gsub ('%b<>', ''):gsub ('\'\'+', ''):gsub ('%[%[', ''):gsub ('%]%]', ''); -- strip markup if text:match ('[dfijkltCEFHIJKMNPR-Z\'"%?!%]]$') then -- when <english> ends with one of these characters english = '<span style="margin-right:.09em">' .. english .. '</span>'; -- add kerning end end return english .. frame:extensionTag ({name='ref', args={group=group, name=ref_name}, content=content}); -- english with attached reference tag else return english; -- nothing to be inside ref tag so just return english end end --[=[-------------------------< N I H O N G O >---------------------------------------------------------------- Implement {{nihongo}} using Module:Lang for language and transliteration markup {{Nihongo|<English>|<japanese>|<romaji>|<extra>|<extra2>|lead=yes}} <English>, <japanese>, and <romaji> are positional parameters <English>: rendered as presented; purports to be English translation of <kanji/kana> <japanese>: Japanese language text using Japanese script; TODO: require? <romaji>: Hepburn romanization (transliteration); TODO: in Module:Lang/data change tooltip text to 'Hepburn romanization'? <extra> and <extra2> are positional or named: |extra= and |extra2=; mixing can be problematic <extra> is rendered as presented preceeded with <comma><space> <extra2> is rendered as presented preceeded with <space> |lead=: takes one value 'yes'; renders language name same as {{langx|ja}} but also adds [[Hepburn romanization|Hepburn]]:<space> ahead of the romanization; TODO: in Module:Lang, turnoff tooltip for transl when |lead=yes ]=] local function nihongo (frame) return common (frame, 'nihongo') end --[=[-------------------------< N I H O N G O 3 >-------------------------------------------------------------- Implement {{nihongo3}} using Module:Lang for language and transliteration markup Similar to {{nihongo}} but changes rendered order and does not support |lead= {{Nihongo3|<English>|<japanese>|<romaji>|<extra>|<extra2>}} <English>, <japanese>, and <romaji> are positional parameters <English>: rendered as presented; purports to be English translation of <kanji/kana> <japanese>: Japanese language text using Japanese script; TODO: require? <romaji>: Hepburn romanization (transliteration); TODO: in Module:Lang/data change tooltip text to 'Hepburn romanization'? <extra> and <extra2> are positional or named: |extra= and |extra2=; mixing can be problematic <extra> is rendered as presented preceded with <comma><space> <extra2> is rendered as presented preceded with <space> ]=] local function nihongo3 (frame) return common_romanized_native_translated (frame, 'nihongo3') end --[=[-------------------------< N I H O N G O _ K R T >-------------------------------------------------------- Implement {{nihongo krt}} using Module:Lang for language and transliteration markup Similar to {{nihongo}} but changes rendered order and does not support |lead= {{Nihongo krt|<English>|<japanese>|<romaji>|<extra>|<extra2>}} <English>, <japanese>, and <romaji> are positional parameters <English>: rendered as presented; purports to be English translation of <kanji/kana> <japanese>: Japanese language text using Japanese script; TODO: require? <romaji>: Hepburn romanization (transliteration); TODO: in Module:Lang/data change tooltip text to 'Hepburn romanization'? <extra> and <extra2> are positional or named: |extra= and |extra2=; mixing can be problematic <extra> is rendered as presented preceded with <comma><space> <extra2> is rendered as presented preceded with <space> ]=] local function nihongo_krt (frame) return common_native_romanized_translated (frame, 'nihongo krt') end --[=[-------------------------< N I H O N G O _ F O O T >------------------------------------------------------ Implement {{nihongo_foot}} using Module:Lang for language and transliteration markup {{Nihongo foot|<English>|<japanese>|<romaji>|<extra>|<extra2>|<post>|lead=yes|group}} <English>, <japanese>, and <romaji> are positional parameters <English>: rendered as presented; purports to be English translation of <kanji/kana> <japanese>: Japanese language text using Japanese script; TODO: require? <romaji>: Hepburn romanization (transliteration); TODO: in Module:Lang/data change tooltip text to 'Hepburn romanization'? <extra> and <extra2> are positional or named: |extra= and |extra2=; mixing can be problematic <extra> is rendered as presented preceded with <comma><space> <extra2> is rendered as presented preceded with <space> <post> is positional or named: |post= is a postscript character preceding the <ref>..</ref> tag (after <English>) |lead=: takes one value 'yes'; renders language name same as {{langx|ja}} but also adds [[Hepburn romanization|Hepburn]]:<space> ahead of the romanization; TODO: in Module:Lang, turnoff tooltip for transl when |lead=yes in the live template |lead= also adds the Help:Installing Japanese character sets link; this is not supported in this code (nihongo nor nihongo3 have this support) |group=: the group attribute in <ref group="..."> and in {{reflist}} ]=] local function nihongo_foot (frame) return common_foot (frame, 'nihongo foot') end --[[--------------------------< E X P O R T E D F U N C T I O N S >------------------------------------------ ]] return { nihongo = nihongo, nihongo3 = nihongo3, nihongo_krt = nihongo_krt, nihongo_foot = nihongo_foot, } 9j0e03l8qw3wgdriip8pcmbf1gssnwu 828 127349 1322930 2026-08-06T13:59:07Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{High-use}} {{Lua|Module:Arguments|Module:Lang|Module:Yesno}} This module implements: * {{tlx|Nihongo}} * {{tlx|Nihongo3}} * {{tlx|Nihongo krt}} * {{tlx|Nihongo foot}} ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Nihongo template errors}} <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Language-related modules]] }}</includeonly>' 1322930 wikitext text/x-wiki {{High-use}} {{Lua|Module:Arguments|Module:Lang|Module:Yesno}} This module implements: * {{tlx|Nihongo}} * {{tlx|Nihongo3}} * {{tlx|Nihongo krt}} * {{tlx|Nihongo foot}} ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Nihongo template errors}} <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Language-related modules]] }}</includeonly> k21n68tef2k1r6qe5acmqys5wclnnwd 10 127350 1322932 2026-08-06T14:05:25Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '<includeonly>{{Warning|The base page, {{tl|Infobox animanga}}, should not be transcluded. See [[Template:Infobox animanga]] for usage instructions.}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{documentation}}{{DISPLAYTITLE:Template:Infobox animanga|noerror}} </noinclude>' 1322932 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{Warning|The base page, {{tl|Infobox animanga}}, should not be transcluded. See [[Template:Infobox animanga]] for usage instructions.}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{documentation}}{{DISPLAYTITLE:Template:Infobox animanga|noerror}} </noinclude> a29fpdufi2h5jc6lny3loxe5kvv3v74 10 127351 1322933 2026-08-06T14:05:40Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Documentation subpage}} {{transclusionless|reason=this is a parent template for subtemplates that are used in articles}} {{Wikipedia:WikiProject Anime and manga/Navbox}} This template is maintained by [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Anime and manga]]. It is designed to handle [[anime]], [[manga]], their associated films, [[Original video animation|OVA]]s, and other related media, in a single modular infobox. == Usage == This infobox is constructed by sandwiching one o...' 1322933 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{transclusionless|reason=this is a parent template for subtemplates that are used in articles}} {{Wikipedia:WikiProject Anime and manga/Navbox}} This template is maintained by [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Anime and manga]]. It is designed to handle [[anime]], [[manga]], their associated films, [[Original video animation|OVA]]s, and other related media, in a single modular infobox. == Usage == This infobox is constructed by sandwiching one or more components between a header and a footer. For consistency, it is recommended that components be sorted by release date. Unless otherwise noted, fields should reflect original Japanese dates and editions, as multiple countries/languages lead to clutter. For consistency, the infobox should remain within the scope of its host article. If, for example, separate pages exist for an anime and its associated film, the film component should not appear on the anime page, and vice versa. The "Other" component may be used to provide links to such closely related works. Similarly, if an article's primary topic is not an anime or manga series, and such series do not receive more than an incidental mention, the article should use the infobox designed for the media type of its focus (e.g. articles on novels and novel series should use {{tl|Infobox Book}}, articles on films should use {{tl|Infobox film}}, etc.). The ''title'' parameter in each component is '''optional''', and should be used when the title of the specific anime/manga/etc. differs from the '''name''' parameter in the header or (if none is given) the article's title. Other parameters are documented in the following sections. === [[Template:Infobox animanga/Header|Header]] === {{Infobox animanga/Header/doc}} === [[Template:Infobox animanga/Footer|Footer]] === {{Infobox animanga/Footer/doc}} === [[Template:Infobox animanga/Print|Print]] === {{Infobox animanga/Print/doc}} === [[Template:Infobox animanga/Video|Video]] === {{Infobox animanga/Video/doc}} === [[Template:Infobox animanga/Audio|Audio drama]] === {{Infobox animanga/Audio/doc}} === [[Template:Infobox animanga/Game|Video game]] === {{Infobox animanga/Game/doc}} === [[Template:Infobox animanga/Other|Other]] === {{Infobox animanga/Other/doc}} == Examples == '''Note''': These examples might not contain accurate information. === An invented example === {{Infobox animanga/Header | name = Go Go! Encyclopedia Girls | image = [[File:Wikipe-tan manga page1.jpg|260px]] | caption = Wikipe-tan and her sisters | ja_kanji = いけいけ! 百科事典娘 | ja_romaji = Ike Ike! Hakkajiten Musume | genre = [[Action (fiction)|Action]], [[Romance novel|Romance]] | italic title = no <!-- This parameter, which isn't included in the instance of {{Infobox animanga/Header}} wrapped in <syntaxhighlight> tags below because it isn't typically used on actual articles, is present here to prevent this template from automatically italicizing this page's title. --> }} {{Infobox animanga/Print | type = manga | author = [[Jimbo Wales]] and [[Special:ListUsers|{{NUMBEROFUSERS}} others]] | illustrator = [[User:Kasuga~enwiki]] | publisher = [[Wikimedia Foundation]] | magazine = [[Wikipedia]] | first = January 15, 2001 | last = | volumes = {{NUMBEROFARTICLES}} articles }} {{Infobox animanga/Footer|full=yes}} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="width:auto; overflow:auto"> {{Infobox animanga/Header | name = Go Go! Encyclopedia Girls | image = [[File:Wikipe-tan manga page1.jpg|260px]] | caption = Wikipe-tan and her sisters | ja_kanji = いけいけ！百科事典娘 | ja_romaji = Ike Ike! Hakkajiten Musume | genre = [[Action (fiction)|Action]], [[Romance novel|Romance]] }} {{Infobox animanga/Print | type = manga | author = [[Jimbo Wales]] and [[Special:ListUsers|{{NUMBEROFUSERS}} others]] | illustrator = [[User:Kasuga]] | publisher = [[Wikimedia Foundation]] | magazine = [[Wikipedia]] | first = January 15, 2001 | last = | volumes = {{NUMBEROFARTICLES}} articles }} {{Infobox animanga/Footer}} </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} {{Comics-related infobox templates}} [[Category:Anime and manga infobox templates|Infobox animanga]] [[Category:Publishing infobox templates|Animanga]] [[Category:Television infobox templates|Animanga]] [[Category:Infobox templates about creative works]] [[Category:Templates that add a category]]<!-- subtemplates add TEMPLATECAT categories --> <noinclude>{{DISPLAYTITLE:Template:Infobox animanga/doc|noerror}}</noinclude> mkvi6rs8yd3qp40qzdumb8ps6pvk5i2 10 127352 1322934 2026-08-06T14:06:15Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{ #ifeq: {{{child<includeonly>|yes</includeonly>}}} | yes | <table class="infobox" style="width: 22em"> }}{{Infobox | decat = yes | child = {{if empty|{{{child|}}}|<includeonly>yes</includeonly>}} | bodystyle = border-spacing:2px; | italic title = {{{italic title|}}} | subheaderstyle = background:#CCF; color:black; font-size:125%; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold; | subheader = {{ #ifeq: {{NAMESPACE}} | Template | {{{nam...' 1322934 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ #ifeq: {{{child<includeonly>|yes</includeonly>}}} | yes | <table class="infobox" style="width: 22em"> }}{{Infobox | decat = yes | child = {{if empty|{{{child|}}}|<includeonly>yes</includeonly>}} | bodystyle = border-spacing:2px; | italic title = {{{italic title|}}} | subheaderstyle = background:#CCF; color:black; font-size:125%; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold; | subheader = {{ #ifeq: {{NAMESPACE}} | Template | {{{name|}}} | {{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}} }} | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage |image={{{image|}}} |size={{if empty|{{{imagesize|}}}|{{{image_size|}}}}} |sizedefault=frameless |alt={{{alt|}}} }} | caption = {{{caption|}}} | headerstyle = background:#DDF; color:black; padding:0.3em; line-height:1.3em; font-weight:normal; | header1 = {{ #if: {{{ja_kanji|}}} | {{Nihongo2|{{bigger|{{{ja_kanji}}}}}}}{{ #if: {{{ja_romaji|}}} | <br />({{Transliteration|ja|{{{ja_romaji}}}}}) }} }} | label2 = Genre | data2 = {{{genre|}}} | label3 = Created&nbsp;by | data3 = {{{creator|}}} }}{{ #ifeq: {{NAMESPACE}} | {{ns:0}} | {{ #if: {{{image|}}} || [[Category:Wikipedia requested photographs of anime and manga]] }}{{ #if: {{{ja_romaji|}}} | {{ #ifeq: {{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}} | {{{ja_romaji}}} | [[Category:Anime and manga articles with redundant infobox parameters]] }} }} }}{{ #switch: {{NAMESPACE}} | Talk | Template | Template talk | Wikipedia | Wikipedia talk = | {{#ifeq: {{if empty|{{{image|}}}|¬}} | ¬ | [[Category:Anime and manga articles with missing image parameters]] }}{{#ifeq: {{if empty|{{{caption|}}}|¬}} | ¬ | [[Category:Anime and manga articles with missing image parameters]] }}{{#ifeq: {{if empty|{{{genre|}}}|¬}} | ¬ | [[Category:Anime and manga articles with missing genre parameters]] }} }}{{#if:{{#invoke:String2|matchAny|source={{lc:{{{genre}}}}}|ecchi|shonen|shounen|shojo|shoujo|seinen|josei|kodomo|children}}|[[Category:Anime and manga articles using obsolete and incorrect infobox parameters]] }}{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|find|{{lc:{{{genre}}}}}|shōnen}}|0||{{ #ifeq:{{#invoke:String|find|{{lc:{{{genre}}}}}|shōnen-ai}}|0|[[Category:Anime and manga articles using obsolete and incorrect infobox parameters]]}} }}{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|find|{{lc:{{{genre}}}}}|shōjo}}|0||{{ #ifeq:{{#invoke:String|find|{{lc:{{{genre}}}}}|shōjo-ai}}|0|[[Category:Anime and manga articles using obsolete and incorrect infobox parameters]]}} }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|[[Category:Pages using infobox animanga with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Infobox animanga/Header]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| alt | caption | child | creator | genre | image | image_size | imagesize | italic title | ja_kanji | ja_romaji | name }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> s3ftof3uo1i7g2vcuklhjm2ip9ccv1o 10 127353 1322935 2026-08-06T14:06:32Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} <!----PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES WHERE INDICATED AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE----> {{#ifeq:{{PAGENAME}}|{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{hatnote|1=This [[Wikipedia:Template documentation|documentation]] is [[Wikipedia:Transclusion|transcluded]] from [[Template:Infobox animanga/Header/doc]]&nbsp;<small style="font-style:normal;">([{{fullurl:Template:Infobox animanga/Header/doc|action=edit}} edit]{{dot}}[{{fullurl:Template:Infobox animanga/Head...' 1322935 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} <!----PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES WHERE INDICATED AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE----> {{#ifeq:{{PAGENAME}}|{{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{hatnote|1=This [[Wikipedia:Template documentation|documentation]] is [[Wikipedia:Transclusion|transcluded]] from [[Template:Infobox animanga/Header/doc]]&nbsp;<small style="font-style:normal;">([{{fullurl:Template:Infobox animanga/Header/doc|action=edit}} edit]{{dot}}[{{fullurl:Template:Infobox animanga/Header/doc|action=history}} history]).</small>}} | {{Notice|Please see [[Template:Infobox animanga]] for documentation on the other components of this infobox.}} }} {{Auto italic title}} {{Infobox animanga/Header | child = no | name = {{{name}}} | image = [[File:Example.svg|230px]] | caption = This is an example image | ja_kanji = {{{ja_kanji}}} | ja_romaji = {{{ja_romaji}}} | genre = {{{genre}}} | creator = {{{creator}}} }} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="width:auto;overflow:auto;"> {{Infobox animanga/Header | name = | image = | caption = | ja_kanji = | ja_romaji = | genre = <!-- Note: Use and cite reliable sources to identify genre/s, not personal interpretation. Please don't include more than three genres (per [[MOS:A&M]]). --> | creator = }} </syntaxhighlight> {{Aligned table |class=wikitable |style=line-height:1.35em; |col1style=padding:0.25em 0.5em;font-style:italic; |col2style=padding:0.25em 0.5em; |row1style=background:whitesmoke;font-weight:bold;color:black; | {{noitalic|Parameter}} | Description | name | Insert the full common name of the work (defaults to {{tlx|PAGENAMEBASE}} if empty). | image | Insert the relevant image for the work, which should be a film poster, a DVD/VHS cover, screenshot, or another related image. Only use the actual file name, such as {{para|image|[[:File:One Piece, Volume 61 Cover (Japanese).jpg|One Piece, Volume 61 Cover (Japanese).jpg]]}}. | caption | Insert image caption, which should describe the type of image used. | ja_kanji | Insert the title as written in Japan (any mix of [[kanji]], [[kana]], or the [[Latin alphabet]]). | ja_romaji | Insert the [[Hepburn romanization]] of the Japanese language title. Leave this blank if it would be the same as the <code>name</code> parameter. | genre | Insert the genre(s) to which the work belongs. Use more specific genres over general genres (ex. [[Mecha]] is a subgenre of [[Science fiction]], therefore only Mecha should be listed instead of both). Genres should be based on what reliable sources list them and not on personal interpretations. If a genre cannot be cited to a reliable source, then it should not be listed. | creator | Insert the name(s) of the work's creator(s). In the case of adaptations or derivative works, this may include creators who were not directly involved but are credited for their indirect contribution by virtue of having created the original work upon which the series may be based. }} {{collapse top|TemplateData}} <templatedata> { "params": { "name": { "description": "Full common name of the anime, manga, light novel, or etc. Defaults to article name.", "type": "line", "suggested": true }, "ja_kanji": { "description": "The title as written in Japan (any mix of kanji, kana, or the Latin alphabet).", "type": "line", "suggested": true }, "ja_romaji": { "description": "The Hepburn romanization of the Japanese language title. Leave this blank if it would be the same as the name parameter.", "type": "line", "suggested": true }, "genre": { "description": "The genre or genres to which the work belongs. List more specific genres over general genres (ex. Mecha is a subgenre of Science fiction, therefore only Mecha should be listed instead of both). Genres should be based on what reliable sources list them and not on personal interpretations. If a genre cannot be cited to a reliable source, then it should not be listed.", "type": "line", "suggested": true }, "creator": { "description": "The creator or creators of the anime, manga, light novel, or etc.", "type": "line", "suggested": true }, "italic title": {}, "image": { "description": " A relevant image for the work, which should be a movie poster, a DVD/VHS cover, screenshot, or another related image. Include just the filename without the \"File:\" prefix.", "type": "wiki-file-name", "suggested": true }, "caption": { "description": "Image caption, which should describe the type of image used.", "type": "line", "suggested": true }, "imagesize": { "aliases": [ "image_size" ] }, "alt": { "type": "line" }, "child": {} }, "description": "Header template for Template:Infobox animanga", "paramOrder": [ "name", "image", "caption", "imagesize", "alt", "ja_kanji", "ja_romaji", "genre", "creator", "italic title", "child" ], "format": "block" } </templatedata> {{collapse bottom}} ==== Tracking categories ==== * {{clc|Anime and manga articles with missing infobox parameters}} * {{clc|Anime and manga articles with redundant infobox parameters}} * {{clc|Anime and manga articles using obsolete and incorrect infobox parameters}} * {{clc|Pages using infobox animanga with unknown parameters}} (used for ALL {{tl|infobox animanga}} subtemplates * {{clc|Wikipedia requested photographs of anime and manga}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| {{#ifeq: {{PAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} | <!-- don't include categories in Template:Infobox_animanga --> | <!-- CATEGORIES BELOW THIS LINE, PLEASE: --> [[Category:Anime and manga infobox templates|Header]] [[Category:Embeddable templates]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}}}</includeonly> cev6pi97porh67dk5u7ibm685opx3ip 10 127354 1322936 2026-08-06T14:07:19Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{#invoke:Infobox|infobox}}<includeonly>{{template other|{{#ifeq:{{PAGENAME}}|Infobox||{{#ifeq:{{str left|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|7}}|Infobox|[[Category:Infobox templates|{{remove first word|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]]}}}}|}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Categories go in the /doc subpage, and interwikis go in Wikidata. --> </noinclude>' 1322936 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Infobox|infobox}}<includeonly>{{template other|{{#ifeq:{{PAGENAME}}|Infobox||{{#ifeq:{{str left|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|7}}|Infobox|[[Category:Infobox templates|{{remove first word|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]]}}}}|}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Categories go in the /doc subpage, and interwikis go in Wikidata. --> </noinclude> f4hgwrnr11ahhwyo266vcd10dpi92pe 10 127355 1322937 2026-08-06T14:07:43Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Distinguish|Template:Userbox}} {{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox||{{High-use}}}} {{Lua|Module:Infobox}} {{Parameter names example |name={{PAGENAME}} <!--|child |subbox |decat--> |title |above |subheader |subheader1 |subheader2={{{subheader2}}}<br/>...... |image|caption |image1|caption1 |image2|caption2={{{c...' 1322937 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Distinguish|Template:Userbox}} {{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox||{{High-use}}}} {{Lua|Module:Infobox}} {{Parameter names example |name={{PAGENAME}} <!--|child |subbox |decat--> |title |above |subheader |subheader1 |subheader2={{{subheader2}}}<br/>...... |image|caption |image1|caption1 |image2|caption2={{{caption2}}}<br/>...... |header1=<div style="border-top:1px dashed #ccc;">{{{header1}}}<br/>{{nobold|( ''or'' )}}</div> |label2={{{label1}}} |data2={{{data1}}} |data3=( ''or'' )<br/><div style="padding-bottom:0.25em;border-bottom:1px dashed #ccc;">{{{data1}}}</div> |header5={{{header2}}}<br/><div style="padding:0.75em 0 0.5em;">{{nobold|( ''or'' )}}</div> |label6={{{label2}}} |data6={{{data2}}} |data7=( ''or'' )<br/><div style="padding-bottom:0.25em;border-bottom:1px dashed #ccc;">{{{data2}}}</div> |data9=<div style="padding:0.75em 0 0.5em;">( ''etc'' )</div> |below }} '''[[Template:Infobox]]''' is intended as a [[:Category:Metatemplates|metatemplate]]: a template used for constructing other templates. It is used to organise an actual <kbd>{<nowiki/>{Infobox ''topic''}<nowiki/>}</kbd> template (e.g. {{tl|Infobox building}}). In general, this template is not meant for use directly in an article, but can be used on a one-off basis if required. See [[Wikipedia:List of infoboxes]] and [[:Category:Infobox templates]] for lists of prepared topic-specific infoboxes. [[Help:Infobox]] contains an introduction to the recommended content and design of infoboxes; [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Infoboxes]] contains additional style guidelines. == Usage == For <kbd>{<nowiki/>{Infobox ''topic''}<nowiki/>}</kbd>, template code then looks like this, simplified: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> {{Infobox | name = {{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}} | image = {{{image|}}} | caption1 = {{{caption|}}} | label1 = Former names | data1 = {{{former_names|}}} | header2 = General information | label3 = Status | data3 = {{{status|}}} ... <!-- etc. --> }} </syntaxhighlight> == Optional control parameters == ; name : If this parameter has a value, "view, talk and edit" links will be added to the bottom of the infobox pointing to the named page, prefixed with <code>Template:</code> if no namespace is specified. You may use the value <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:PAGENAME}}</syntaxhighlight>; however, this is rarely what you want because it will send users clicking these links in an infobox to the template code rather than the data in the infobox they probably want to change. ; child : See the [[#Embedding|§ Embedding]] section for details. If this is set to "yes", this child infobox should be titled but have no name parameter. This parameter is empty by default, set it to "yes" to activate it. ; subbox : See the [[#Subboxes|Subboxes]] section for details. If this is set to "yes", this subbox should be titled but have no name parameter. This parameter is empty by default, set to "yes" to activate it. It has no effect if the {{para|child}} parameter is also set to "yes". ; decat : If this is set to "yes", the current page will not be autocategorized in a maintenance category when the generated infobox has some problems or no visible data section. Leave empty by default or set to "yes" to activate it. ; autoheaders: If this is set to any non-blank value, headers which are not followed by data fields are suppressed. See the "[[#Hiding headers when all its data fields are empty|hiding headers when all its data fields are empty]]" section for more details. == Content parameters == === Title === There are two different ways to put a title on an infobox. One contains the title inside the infobox's border in the uppermost cell of the table, the other puts it as a caption on top of the table. You can use them both together, or just one or the other, or neither (though this is not recommended): ; title : Text to put in the caption over the top of the table (or as section header before the whole content of this table, if this is a child infobox). For [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Accessibility#Tables|accessibility reasons]], this is the most recommended alternative. ; above : Text to put within the uppermost cell of the table. ; subheader(n) : additional title fields which fit below {{para|title}}} and {{para|above}}}, but before images. Examples: {{Infobox | name = Infobox/doc | title = Text in caption over infobox | subheader = Subheader of the infobox | header = (the rest of the infobox goes here) }} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="overflow: auto;"> {{Infobox | name = {{subst:PAGENAME}} | title = Text in caption over infobox | subheader = Subheader of the infobox | header = (the rest of the infobox goes here) }} </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} {{Infobox | name = Infobox/doc | above = Text in uppermost cell of infobox | subheader = Subheader of the infobox | subheader2 = Second subheader of the infobox | header = (the rest of the infobox goes here) }} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="overflow: auto;"> {{Infobox | name = {{subst:PAGENAME}} | above = Text in uppermost cell of infobox | subheader = Subheader of the infobox | subheader2 = Second subheader of the infobox | header = (the rest of the infobox goes here) }} </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} === Illustration images === ; image(n) : images to display at the top of the template. Use full image syntax, for example: {{code|lang=wikitext|<nowiki>[[File:example.png|frameless|upright=1.1|alt=Example alt text]]</nowiki>}}. {{pb}} Image is centered by default. Use an upright scaling factor ([[MOS:UPRIGHT]]) to resize the image with {{para|upright}} if necessary. Use {{para|alt}} to provide an text description of the image for screen readers; see [[WP:ALT]] for more information about alternative text. {{pb}} If using this parameter as part of an {{tlf|Infobox ''topic''}} template (eg. {{tl|Infobox building}}), invoke [[Module:InfoboxImage]] using: {{code|lang=wikitext|<nowiki>{{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage |image={{{image|}}} |upright={{{upright|}}} |alt={{{alt|}}} }}</nowiki>}}. ; caption(n) : Text to put underneath the images. === Main data === ; header(n) : Text to use as a header in row n. ; label(n) : Text to use as a label in row n. ; data(n) : Text to display as data in row n. Note: for any given value for (n), not all combinations of parameters are permitted. The presence of a {{para|header''(n)''}} will cause the corresponding {{para|data''(n)''}} (and {{para|rowclass''(n)''}} {{para|label''(n)''}}, see below) to be ignored; the absence of a {{para|data''(n)''}} will cause the corresponding {{para|label''(n)''}} to be ignored. Valid combinations for any single row are: * {{para|class''(n)''}} {{para|header''(n)''}} * {{para|rowclass''(n)''}} {{para|class''(n)''}} {{para|data''(n)''}} * {{para|rowclass''(n)''}} {{para|label''(n)''}} {{para|class''(n)''}} {{para|data''(n)''}} See the rendering of header4, label4, and data4 in the [[#Examples|Examples]] section below. ==== Number ranges ==== To allow flexibility when the layout of an infobox is changed, it may be helpful when developing an infobox to use non-contiguous numbers for header and label/data rows. Parameters for new rows can then be inserted in future without having to renumber existing parameters. For example: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="overflow: auto;"> | header3 = Section 1 | label5 = Label A | data5 = Data A | label7 = Label C | data7 = Data C | header10 = Section 2 | label12 = Label D | data12 = Data D </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} It is also possible to automatically renumber parameter names by using [[User:Frietjes/infoboxgap.js]] or [[Module:IncrementParams]]. There is no upper limit on numbers but there must be at most 50 between each used number. ==== Making data fields optional ==== A row with a label but no data is not displayed. This allows for the easy creation of optional infobox content rows. To make a row optional use a parameter that defaults to an empty string, like so: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="overflow: auto;"> | label5 = Population | data5 = {{{population|}}} </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} This way if an article doesn't define the population parameter in its infobox the row won't be displayed. For more complex fields with pre-formatted contents that would still be present even if the parameter wasn't set, you can wrap it all in an "#if" statement to make the whole thing vanish when the parameter is not used. For instance, the "#if" statement in the following example reads "#if:the parameter ''mass'' has been supplied |then display it, followed by 'kg'": <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="overflow: auto;"> | label6 = Mass | data6 = {{ #if: {{{mass|}}} | {{{mass}}} kg }} </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} For more on #if, see [[meta:ParserFunctions##if:|here]]. ==== Hiding headers when all its data fields are empty ==== You can also make headers automatically hide when their section is empty (has no data-row showing). Consider this situation: {{Infobox | title = Example: header with & without data | headerstyle = background: lightgrey; color:inherit; | header1 = Header1 with empty section | label2 = label2 text | data2 = | label3 = label3 text | data3 = | label4 = label4 text | data4 = | header5 = Header5 with data below | label6 = label6 text | data6 = Some value }} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="overflow: auto;"> {{Infobox | title = Example: header with & without data | headerstyle = background: lightgrey; color:inherit; | header1 = Header1 with empty section | label2 = label2 text | data2 = | label3 = label3 text | data3 = | label4 = label4 text | data4 = | header5 = Header5 with data below | label6 = label6 text | data6 = Some value }} </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} If you want hide the header when no {{para|data''N''}} values are present, use {{para|autoheaders|y}}: {{Infobox | title = Example: header with & without data | autoheaders = y | headerstyle = background: lightgrey; color:inherit; | header1 = Header1 with empty section | label2 = label2 text | data2 = | label3 = label3 text | data3 = | label4 = label4 text | data4 = | header5 = Header5 with data below | label6 = label6 text | data6 = Some value }} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="overflow: auto;"> {{Infobox | title = Example: header with & without data | autoheaders = y | headerstyle = background: lightgrey; color:inherit; | header1 = Header1 with empty section | label2 = label2 text | data2 = | label3 = label3 text | data3 = | label4 = label4 text | data4 = | header5 = Header5 with data below | label6 = label6 text | data6 = Some value }} </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} So, header1 will be shown if any of item1, item2, or item3 is defined. If none of the three parameters are defined the header won't be shown and no empty row appears before the next visible content. Note: if the data has empty css elements, like {{para|data|2=&lt;span style="background:yellow;">&lt;/span>}}, this will be treated as non-empty (having data). If {{para|autoheaders|y}} but there are items that you {{em|do not}} want to trigger a header, place {{para|headerX|_BLANK_}}. This will serve as an empty header and separate it from the subsequent items. {{Infobox | title = Example: blank header with & without data | autoheaders = y | headerstyle = background: lightgrey; color:inherit; | header1 = Header1 with empty section | label2 = label2 text | data2 = | label3 = label3 text | data3 = | label4 = label4 text | data4 = | header5 = _BLANK_ | label6 = label6 text | data6 = Some value, but does not trigger header1 or show header5 }} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="overflow: auto;"> {{Infobox | title = Example: blank header with & without data | autoheaders = y | headerstyle = background: lightgrey; color:inherit; | header1 = Header1 with empty section | label2 = label2 text | data2 = | label3 = label3 text | data3 = | label4 = label4 text | data4 = | header5 = _BLANK_ | label6 = label6 text | data6 = Some value, but does not trigger header1 or show header5 }} </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} === Footer === ; below : Text to put in the bottom cell. The bottom cell is intended for footnotes, see-also, and other such information. == Presentation parameters == === Italic titles === Titles of articles with infoboxes may be made italic, in line with [[WP:ITALICTITLE]], by passing the <code>italic title</code> parameter. * Turn on italic titles by passing {{para|italic title|{{param|italic title}}}} from the infobox. Note that passing a blank value for {{para|italic title}} will make the article title italic. * Turn off by default (notably because only Latin script may be safely rendered in this style and italic may be needed to distinguish foreign language from local English language only in that script, but would be difficult to read for other scripts) but allow some instances to be made italic by passing {{para|italic title|{{param|italic title|no}}}} * Do not make any titles italic by not passing the parameter at all. === CSS styling === Note: The following parameters are deprecated in favor of [[#TemplateStyles|TemplateStyles]]. {| class="wikitable" |- ! scope="col" | Parameter ! scope="col" | Explanation ! scope="col" | TemplateStyles replacement class |- | {{para|bodystyle}} | Applies to the infobox table as a whole. | {{nowrap|Class assigned to the template in {{para|bodyclass}}}} |- | {{para|titlestyle}} | Applies only to the title caption. Adding a background color is usually inadvisable since the text is rendered "outside" the infobox. | <code>.infobox-title</code> |- | {{para|abovestyle}} | Applies only to the "above" cell at the top. The default style has font-size:125%; since this cell is usually used for a title, if you want to use the above cell for regular-sized text include "font-size:100%;" in the abovestyle. | <code>.infobox-above</code> |- | {{para|imagestyle}} | Applies to the cell the image is in. This includes the text of the image caption, but you should set text properties with captionstyle instead of imagestyle in case the caption is moved out of this cell in the future. | <code>.infobox-image</code> |- | {{para|caption}} | Applies to the text of the image caption. | <code>.infobox-caption</code> |- | {{para|rowstyle_n}} | This parameter is inserted into the <code>style</code> attribute for the specified row. | Class assigned to the row in {{para|rowclass_n}} |- | {{para|rowcellstyle_n}} | This parameter is inserted into the <code>style</code> attribute for all cells in a specified row. | Class assigned to the cells in {{para|class_n}} |- | {{para|headerstyle}} | Applies to all header cells. | <code>.infobox-header</code> |- | {{nowrap|{{para|subheaderstyle}}}} | Applies to all subheader cells. | <code>.infobox-subheader</code> |- | {{para|labelstyle}} | Applies to all label cells. | <code>.infobox-label</code> |- | {{para|datastyle}} | Applies to all data cells. | <code>.infobox-data</code> or <code>.infobox-full-data</code> |- | {{para|belowstyle}} | Applies only to the below cell. | <code>.infobox-below</code> |} === HTML classes and microformats === {{div col}} ; bodyclass : This parameter is inserted into the <code>class</code> attribute for the infobox as a whole. ; titleclass : This parameter is inserted into the <code>class</code> attribute for the infobox's '''title''' caption. <!-- currently not implemented in Lua module ; aboverowclass : This parameter is inserted into the <code>class</code> attribute for the complete table row the '''above''' cell is on. --> ; aboveclass : This parameter is inserted into the <code>class</code> attribute for the infobox's '''above''' cell. ; subheaderrowclass(n) : This parameter is inserted into the <code>class</code> attribute for the complete table row the '''subheader''' is on. ; subheaderclass(n) : This parameter is inserted into the <code>class</code> attribute for the infobox's '''subheader'''. ; imagerowclass(n) : These parameters are inserted into the <code>class</code> attribute for the complete table row their respective '''image''' is on. ; imageclass : This parameter is inserted into the <code>class</code> attribute for the '''image'''. ; rowclass(n) : This parameter is inserted into the <code>class</code> attribute for the specified row including the '''label''' and '''data''' cells. ; class(n) : This parameter is inserted into the <code>class</code> attribute for the '''data''' cell of the specified row. If there's no '''data''' cell it has no effect. <!-- currently not implemented in Lua module ; belowrowclass : This parameter is inserted into the <code>class</code> attribute for the complete table row the '''below''' cell is on. --> ; belowclass : This parameter is inserted into the <code>class</code> attribute for the infobox's '''below''' cell. {{div col end}} This template supports the addition of microformat information. This is done by adding "class" attributes to various data cells, indicating what kind of information is contained within. Multiple class names may be specified, separated by spaces, some of them being used as selectors for custom styling according to a project policy or to the skin selected in user preferences, others being used for microformats. To flag an infobox as containing [[hCard]] information, for example, add the following parameter: | bodyclass = vcard {{clear}} And for each row containing a data cell that's part of the vcard, add a corresponding class parameter: | class1 = fn | class2 = org | class3 = tel {{clear}} ...and so forth. "above" and "title" can also be given classes, since these are usually used to display the name of the subject of the infobox. See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Microformats]] for more information on adding microformat information to Wikipedia, and [[microformat]] for more information on microformats in general. === TemplateStyles === {{further|Wikipedia:TemplateStyles}} The TemplateStyles parameters {{para|templatestyles}}, {{para|child templatestyles}}, and {{para|grandchild templatestyles}} take the pagename of a [[WP:TemplateStyles|TemplateStyles]] page and turn it into a TemplateStyles tag. The TemplateStyles tag is a much more powerful way to add styling to an infobox. Some rules of use: # Always add a template-specific class in {{para|bodyclass}} so that the styles added to one infobox will not "leak" into another infobox. For example, [[Template:Infobox settlement]] has {{para|bodyclass|ib-settlement}} and the [[Template:Infobox settlement/styles.css]] page targets <code>.ib-settlement</code> for all of its added styling. # Do not assume Template:Infobox will continue to have a table structure (i.e., do not target <code>table</code> or any other table HTML in the TemplateStyles page). The table structure is soft-deprecated and will go away at some point in the future. These tags are loaded in this order: Horizontal list templatestyles ([[Template:Hlist/styles.css]]), unbulleted list templatestyles ([[Template:Plainlist/styles.css]]), core templatestyles ([[Module:Infobox/styles.css]]), templatestyles, child, and then grandchild, which can be used to 'cascade' the styles. ; templatestyles : This parameter is intended for a template or module calling {{tl|Infobox}} directly. ; child templatestyles : This parameter is intended for a template or module which calls an infobox with {{para|templatestyles}}. ; grandchild templatestyles : This parameter is intended for a template or module which calls an infobox with {{para|child templatestyles}}. The canonical list of classes output with each kind of element of an infobox (i.e. output for all {{para|data_n}}, or all cases of {{para|above}}) can be found in [[Module:Infobox]] in the "addClass" rows. The below is a non-authoritative but otherwise sufficient list for most generic styling: {{div col}} ; .infobox : The top-level infobox class. ; .infobox-title : The class associated with a {{para|title}}. ; .infobox-above : The class associated with a {{para|above}}. ; .infobox-image : The class associated with a {{para|image_n}}. Every image will have this class. ; .infobox-caption : The class associated with a {{para|caption_n}}. Every caption will have this class. ; .infobox-header : The class associated with a {{para|header_n}}. Every header will have this class. ; .infobox-subheader : The class associated with a {{para|subheader_n}}. Every subheader will have this class. ; .infobox-label : The class associated with a {{para|label_n}}. Every label will have this class. ; .infobox-data ; .infobox-full-data : The classes associated with {{para|data_n}}. Every data row will have one of these classes, depending on whether the specific data has a label. ; .infobox-below : The class associated with a {{para|below}}. ; .infobox-navbar : The class associated with a {{para|navbar}}. {{div col end}} ==== Example TemplateStyles parameter use ==== For an example of an infobox which does not need to support children templates of its own (whether because it has no children or because it wants no children): <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> {{Infobox | title = Child Example | bodyclass = ib-example | templatestyles = Template:Infobox/example/styles.css }} </syntaxhighlight> For an example of an infobox which does have its own children and an example of one of the children (grandchild templates have a similar use): <div style="display: flex"> <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> {{Infobox | title = {{{title|Title Child Example}}} | bodyclass = ib-example {{{bodyclass|}}} | templatestyles = Template:Infobox/example/styles.css | child templatestyles = {{{child templatestyles|}}} }} </syntaxhighlight> <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> {{Infobox/child example | title = Title Grandchild Example | bodyclass = ib-child-example | child templatestyles = Template:Infobox/child example/styles.css }} </syntaxhighlight> </div> == Examples == Notice how the row doesn't appear in the displayed infobox when a '''label''' is defined without an accompanying '''data''' cell, and how all of them are displayed when a '''header''' is defined on the same row as a '''data''' cell. Also notice that '''subheaders''' are not bold by default like the '''headers''' used to split the main data section, because this role is meant to be for the '''above''' cell : {{Suppress categories| {{Infobox |name = Infobox/doc |bodystyle = |titlestyle = |abovestyle = background: #cfc; color:inherit; |subheaderstyle = |subheaderstyle2 = |title = Test Infobox |above = Above text |subheader = Subheader above image |subheader2 = Second subheader |imagestyle = |captionstyle = |image = [[File:Example-serious.jpg|200px|alt=Example alt text]] |caption = Caption displayed below File:Example-serious.jpg |headerstyle = background: #ccf; color:inherit; |labelstyle = background: #ddf; color:inherit; |datastyle = |header1 = Header defined alone | label1 = | data1 = |header2 = | label2 = Label defined alone does not display (needs data, or is suppressed) | data2 = |header3 = | label3 = | data3 = Data defined alone |header4 = All three defined (header, label, data, all with same number) | label4 = does not display (same number as a header) | data4 = does not display (same number as a header) |header5 = | label5 = Label and data defined (label) | data5 = Label and data defined (data) |belowstyle = background: #ddf; color:inherit; |below = Below text }} }} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> {{Infobox |name = Infobox/doc |bodystyle = |titlestyle = |abovestyle = background: #cfc; color:inherit; |subheaderstyle = |subheaderstyle2 = |title = Test Infobox |above = Above text |subheader = Subheader above image |subheader2 = Second subheader |imagestyle = |captionstyle = |image = [[File:Example-serious.jpg|200px|alt=Example alt text]] |caption = Caption displayed below File:Example-serious.jpg |headerstyle = background: #ccf; color:inherit; |labelstyle = background: #ddf; color:inherit; |datastyle = |header1 = Header defined alone | label1 = | data1 = |header2 = | label2 = Label defined alone does not display (needs data, or is suppressed) | data2 = |header3 = | label3 = | data3 = Data defined alone |header4 = All three defined (header, label, data, all with same number) | label4 = does not display (same number as a header) | data4 = does not display (same number as a header) |header5 = | label5 = Label and data defined (label) | data5 = Label and data defined (data) |belowstyle = background: #ddf; color:inherit; |below = Below text }} </syntaxhighlight> For this example, the {{para|bodystyle}} and {{para|labelstyle}} parameters are used to adjust the infobox width and define a default width for the column of labels: {{Infobox |name = Infobox/doc |bodystyle = width: 20em |titlestyle = |title = Test Infobox |headerstyle = |labelstyle = width: 33% |datastyle = |header1 = | label1 = Label 1 | data1 = Data 1 |header2 = | label2 = Label 2 | data2 = Data 2 |header3 = | label3 = Label 3 | data3 = Data 3 |header4 = Header 4 | label4 = | data4 = |header5 = | label5 = Label 5 | data5 = Data 5: Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. |belowstyle = |below = Below text }} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> {{Infobox |name = Infobox/doc |bodystyle = width: 20em |titlestyle = |title = Test Infobox |headerstyle = |labelstyle = width: 33% |datastyle = |header1 = | label1 = Label 1 | data1 = Data 1 |header2 = | label2 = Label 2 | data2 = Data 2 |header3 = | label3 = Label 3 | data3 = Data 3 |header4 = Header 4 | label4 = | data4 = |header5 = | label5 = Label 5 | data5 = Data 5: Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. |belowstyle = |below = Below text }} </syntaxhighlight> == Embedding == <!--Linked from [[Template:Subinfobox bodystyle/doc]]--> One infobox template can be embedded into another using the {{para|child}} parameter. This feature can be used to create a modular infobox, or to create better-defined logical sections. Long ago, it was necessary to use embedding in order to create infoboxes with more than 99 rows; but nowadays there's no limit to the number of rows that can be defined in a single instance of <code><nowiki>{{infobox}}</nowiki></code>. {{Infobox | title = Top level title | data1 = {{Infobox | decat = yes | child = yes | title = First subsection | label1= Label 1.1 | data1 = Data 1.1 }} | data2 = {{Infobox | decat = yes | child = yes |title = Second subsection | label1= Label 2.1 | data1 = Data 2.1 }} | belowstyle = | below = Below text }} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="overflow: auto;"> {{Infobox | title = Top level title | data1 = {{Infobox | decat = yes | child = yes | title = First subsection | label1= Label 1.1 | data1 = Data 1.1 }} | data2 = {{Infobox | decat = yes | child = yes |title = Second subsection | label1= Label 2.1 | data1 = Data 2.1 }} | belowstyle = | below = Below text }} </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} Note, in the examples above, the child infobox is placed in a <code>data</code> field, not a <code>header</code> field. Notice that the section subheadings are not in bold font if bolding is not explicitly specified. To obtain bold section headings, place the child infobox in a '''header''' field (but not in a '''label''' field because it would not be displayed!), either using {{Infobox | title = Top level title | header1 = {{Infobox | decat = yes | child = yes | title = First subsection | label1= Label 1.1 | data1 = Data 1.1 }} | header2 = {{Infobox | decat = yes | child = yes | title = Second subsection | label1= Label 2.1 | data1 = Data 2.1 }} | belowstyle = | below = Below text }} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="overflow: auto;"> {{Infobox | title = Top level title | header1 = {{Infobox | decat = yes | child = yes | title = First subsection | label1= Label 1.1 | data1 = Data 1.1 }} | header2 = {{Infobox | decat = yes | child = yes | title = Second subsection | label1= Label 2.1 | data1 = Data 2.1 }} | belowstyle = | below = Below text }} </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} or, {{Infobox | title = Top level title | header1 = First subsection {{Infobox | decat = yes | child = yes | label1 = Label 1.1 | data1 = Data 1.1 }} | header2 = Second subsection {{Infobox | decat = yes | child = yes | label1 = Label 2.1 | data1 = Data 2.1 }} | belowstyle = | below = Below text }} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="overflow: auto;"> {{Infobox | title = Top level title | header1 = First subsection {{Infobox | decat = yes | child = yes | label1 = Label 1.1 | data1 = Data 1.1 }} | header2 = Second subsection {{Infobox | decat = yes | child = yes | label1 = Label 2.1 | data1 = Data 2.1 }} | belowstyle = | below = Below text }} </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} Note that omitting the {{para|title}} parameter, and not including any text preceding the embedded infobox, may result in spurious blank table rows, creating gaps in the visual presentation. The garbage output can be suppressed using {{para|rowstyleN|display: none}}, replacing N with the data/header number. [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Infoboxes/embed]] includes some links to Wikipedia articles which include infoboxes embedded within other infoboxes. == Subboxes == An alternative method for embedding is to use {{para|subbox|yes}}, which removes the outer border from the infobox, but preserves the interior structure. One feature of this approach is that the parent and child boxes need not have the same structure, and the label and data fields are not aligned between the parent and child boxes because they are not in the same parent table. {{Infobox | headerstyle = background-color: #eee; color:inherit; | labelstyle = background-color: #eee; color:inherit; | header1 = Main 1 | header2 = Main 2 | data3 = {{Infobox | subbox = yes | headerstyle = background-color: #ccc; color:inherit; | labelstyle = background-color: #ddd; color:inherit; | header1 = Sub 3-1 | header2 = Sub 3-2 | label3 = Label 3-3 | data3 = Data 3-3 }} | data4 = {{Infobox | subbox = yes | labelstyle = background-color: #ccc; color:inherit; | label1 = Label 4-1 | data1 = Data 4-1 }} | label5 = Label 5 | data5 = Data 5 | header6 = Main 6 }} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="overflow: auto;"> {{Infobox | headerstyle = background-color: #eee; color:inherit; | labelstyle = background-color: #eee; color:inherit; | header1 = Main 1 | header2 = Main 2 | data3 = {{Infobox | subbox = yes | headerstyle = background-color: #ccc; color:inherit; | labelstyle = background-color:#ddd; color:inherit; | header1 = Sub 3-1 | header2 = Sub 3-2 | label3 = Label 3-3 | data3 = Data 3-3 }} | data4 = {{Infobox | subbox = yes | labelstyle = background-color: #ccc; color:inherit; | label1 = Label 4-1 | data1 = Data 4-1 }} | label5 = Label 5 | data5 = Data 5 | header6 = Main 6 }} </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} Similar embedding techniques may be used within content parameters of some other templates generating tables (such as [[:Template:Sidebar|Sidebar]]): {{Sidebar | navbar = off | headingstyle = background-color: #eee; color:inherit; | heading1 = Heading 1 | heading2 = Heading 2 | content3 = {{Infobox | subbox = yes | headerstyle = background-color: #ccc; color:inherit; | labelstyle = background-color: #ddd; color:inherit; | header1 = Sub 3-1 | header2 = Sub 3-2 | label3 = Label 3-3 | data3 = Data 3-3 }} | content4 = {{Infobox | subbox = yes | labelstyle = background-color: #ccc; color:inherit; | label1 = Label 4-1 | data1 = Data 4-1 }} | heading5 = Heading 5 }} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="overflow: auto;"> {{Sidebar | navbar = off | headingstyle = background-color: #eee; color:inherit; | heading1 = Heading 1 | heading2 = Heading 2 | content3 = {{Infobox | subbox = yes | headerstyle = background-color: #ccc; color:inherit; | labelstyle = background-color: #ddd; color:inherit; | header1 = Sub 3-1 | header2 = Sub 3-2 | label3 = Label 3-3 | data3 = Data 3-3 }} | content4 = {{Infobox | subbox = yes | labelstyle = background-color: #ccc; color:inherit; | label1 = Label 4-1 | data1 = Data 4-1 }} | heading5 = Heading 5 }} </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} Note that the default padding of the parent data cell containing each subbox is still visible, so the subboxes are slightly narrower than the parent box and there's a higher vertical spacing between standard cells of the parent box than between cells of distinct subboxes. == Controlling line-breaking in embedded bulletless lists == Template {{tlx|nbsp}} may be used with {{tlx|wbr}} and {{tlx|nowrap}} to control line-breaking in bulletless lists embedded in infoboxes (e.g. cast list in {{tlx|Infobox film}}), to prevent wrapped long entries from being confused with multiple entries. See [[Template:Wbr/doc#Controlling line-breaking in infoboxes]] for details. == Full blank syntax == (Note: there is no limit to the number of possible rows; only 20 are given below since infoboxes larger than that will be relatively rare. Just extend the numbering as needed. The microformat "class" parameters are also omitted as they are not commonly used.) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="overflow: auto;"> {{Infobox | name = {{subst:PAGENAME}} | child = {{{child|}}} | subbox = {{{subbox|}}} | italic title = {{{italic title|no}}} | templatestyles = | child templatestyles = | grandchild templatestyles = | bodystyle = | titlestyle = | abovestyle = | subheaderstyle = | title = | above = | subheader = | imagestyle = | captionstyle = | image = | caption = | image2 = | caption2 = | headerstyle = | labelstyle = | datastyle = | header1 = | label1 = | data1 = | header2 = | label2 = | data2 = | header3 = | label3 = | data3 = | header4 = | label4 = | data4 = | header5 = | label5 = | data5 = | header6 = | label6 = | data6 = | header7 = | label7 = | data7 = | header8 = | label8 = | data8 = | header9 = | label9 = | data9 = | header10 = | label10 = | data10 = | header11 = | label11 = | data11 = | header12 = | label12 = | data12 = | header13 = | label13 = | data13 = | header14 = | label14 = | data14 = | header15 = | label15 = | data15 = | header16 = | label16 = | data16 = | header17 = | label17 = | data17 = | header18 = | label18 = | data18 = | header19 = | label19 = | data19 = | header20 = | label20 = | data20 = | belowstyle = | below = }} </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} {{Help:Infobox/user style}} == Porting to other MediaWikis == The infobox template requires the [[:mw:Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto]] and [[:mw:Extension:TemplateStyles|TemplateStyles]] extensions. [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Transwiki|WikiProject Transwiki]] has a version of this template that has been modified to work on other MediaWikis. == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template is intended as a meta template, a template used for constructing other templates. In general, it is not meant for use directly in an article but can be used on a one-off basis if required.", "format": "{{_\n| ________________ = _\n}}\n", "params": { "name": { "label": "name", "description": "" }, "child": { "label": "child", "description": "" }, "subbox": { "label": "subbox", "description": "" }, "italic title": { "label": "italic title", "description": "" }, "templatestyles": { "label": "templatestyles", "description": "" }, "child templatestyles": { "label": "child templatestyles", "description": "" }, "grandchild templatestyles": { "label": "grandchild templatestyles", "description": "" }, "bodystyle": { "label": "bodystyle", "description": "" }, "titlestyle": { "label": "titlestyle", "description": "" }, "abovestyle": { "label": "abovestyle", "description": "" }, "subheaderstyle": { "label": "subheaderstyle", "description": "" }, "title": { "label": "Title", "description": "Title displayed above the infobox", "type": "string", "suggested": true }, "above": { "label": "above", "description": "" }, "subheader": { "label": "subheader", "description": "" }, "imagestyle": { "label": "imagestyle", "description": "" }, "captionstyle": { "label": "captionstyle", "description": "" }, "image": { "label": "Image", "description": "Image illustrating the topic. Use full image syntax.", "type": "content", "suggested": true, "example": "[[File:example.png|200px|alt=Example alt text]]" }, "caption": { "label": "Caption", "description": "caption for the image", "type": "content", "suggested": true }, "image2": { "label": "image2", "description": "" }, "caption2": { "label": "caption2", "description": "" }, "headerstyle": { "label": "headerstyle", "description": "" }, "labelstyle": { "label": "labelstyle", "description": "" }, "datastyle": { "label": "datastyle", "description": "" }, "header1": { "label": "header1", "description": "" }, "label1": { "label": "label1", "description": "" }, "data1": { "label": "data1", "description": "" }, "header2": { "label": "header2", "description": "" }, "label2": { "label": "label2", "description": "" }, "data2": { "label": "data2", "description": "" }, "header3": { "label": "header3", "description": "" }, "label3": { "label": "label3", "description": "" }, "data3": { "label": "data3", "description": "" }, "header4": { "label": "header4", "description": "" }, "label4": { "label": "label4", "description": "" }, "data4": { "label": "data4", "description": "" }, "header5": { "label": "header5", "description": "" }, "label5": { "label": "label5", "description": "" }, "data5": { "label": "data5", "description": "" }, "header6": { "label": "header6", "description": "" }, "label6": { "label": "label6", "description": "" }, "data6": { "label": "data6", "description": "" }, "header7": { "label": "header7", "description": "" }, "label7": { "label": "label7", "description": "" }, "data7": { "label": "data7", "description": "" }, "header8": { "label": "header8", "description": "" }, "label8": { "label": "label8", "description": "" }, "data8": { "label": "data8", "description": "" }, "header9": { "label": "header9", "description": "" }, "label9": { "label": "label9", "description": "" }, "data9": { "label": "data9", "description": "" }, "header10": { "label": "header10", "description": "" }, "label10": { "label": "label10", "description": "" }, "data10": { "label": "data10", "description": "" }, "header11": { "label": "header11", "description": "" }, "label11": { "label": "label11", "description": "" }, "data11": { "label": "data11", "description": "" }, "header12": { "label": "header12", "description": "" }, "label12": { "label": "label12", "description": "" }, "data12": { "label": "data12", "description": "" }, "header13": { "label": "header13", "description": "" }, "label13": { "label": "label13", "description": "" }, "data13": { "label": "data13", "description": "" }, "header14": { "label": "header14", "description": "" }, "label14": { "label": "label14", "description": "" }, "data14": { "label": "data14", "description": "" }, "header15": { "label": "header15", "description": "" }, "label15": { "label": "label15", "description": "" }, "data15": { "label": "data15", "description": "" }, "header16": { "label": "header16", "description": "" }, "label16": { "label": "label16", "description": "" }, "data16": { "label": "data16", "description": "" }, "header17": { "label": "header17", "description": "" }, "label17": { "label": "label17", "description": "" }, "data17": { "label": "data17", "description": "" }, "header18": { "label": "header18", "description": "" }, "label18": { "label": "label18", "description": "" }, "data18": { "label": "data18", "description": "" }, "header19": { "label": "header19", "description": "" }, "label19": { "label": "label19", "description": "" }, "data19": { "label": "data19", "description": "" }, "header20": { "label": "header20", "description": "" }, "label20": { "label": "label20", "description": "" }, "data20": { "label": "data20", "description": "" }, "belowstyle": { "label": "belowstyle", "description": "" }, "below": { "label": "below", "description": "" } }, "paramOrder": [ "name", "child", "subbox", "italic title", "templatestyles", "child templatestyles", "grandchild templatestyles", "bodystyle", "titlestyle", "abovestyle", "subheaderstyle", "title", "above", "subheader", "imagestyle", "captionstyle", "image", "caption", "image2", "caption2", "headerstyle", "labelstyle", "datastyle", "header1", "label1", "data1", "header2", "label2", "data2", "header3", "label3", "data3", "header4", "label4", "data4", "header5", "label5", "data5", "header6", "label6", "data6", "header7", "label7", "data7", "header8", "label8", "data8", "header9", "label9", "data9", "header10", "label10", "data10", "header11", "label11", "data11", "header12", "label12", "data12", "header13", "label13", "data13", "header14", "label14", "data14", "header15", "label15", "data15", "header16", "label16", "data16", "header17", "label17", "data17", "header18", "label18", "data18", "header19", "label19", "data19", "header20", "label20", "data20", "belowstyle", "below" ] } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{Category link with count|Articles with missing Wikidata information}} * {{Category link with count|Articles using infobox templates with no data rows}} * {{Category link with count|Pages using embedded infobox templates with the title parameter}} ==See also== * [[Module:Infobox]], the [[WP:LUA|Lua]] module on which this template is based * [[Module:Check for unknown parameters]] *[[Wikipedia:Infobox too large]] * {{tl|Infobox3cols}} * {{tl|Navbox}} and {{tl|Sidebar}} * [[Wikipedia:List of infoboxes|List of infoboxes]] * [[:Module:InfoboxImage]] <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Infobox templates| ]] [[Category:Sidebar metatemplates|Infobox]] [[Category:Templates generating microformats]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] [[Category:Templates based on the Infobox Lua module]] }}</includeonly> jls0gnahu4hamvyg5m1go8zbugr1h5v 10 127356 1322938 2026-08-06T14:08:27Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '<includeonly><nowiki/><!--This nowiki helps to prevent whitespace at the top of articles ([[phab:T369520]]). This template is empty, produces no output.-->{{#invoke:Italic title|main}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage and interwikis to Wikidata. --> </noinclude>' 1322938 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><nowiki/><!--This nowiki helps to prevent whitespace at the top of articles ([[phab:T369520]]). This template is empty, produces no output.-->{{#invoke:Italic title|main}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage and interwikis to Wikidata. --> </noinclude> 85lglhnzpitlfglkbzrzq17vmxf9v8m 10 127357 1322939 2026-08-06T14:08:41Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Documentation subpage}} {{redirect|Template:Italics|formatting text in italics|MOS:Text formatting#Italic type}} <!-- Categories go where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis go to Wikidata (see also: [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{High-use}} {{Template shortcut|Italic|Italics}} {{lua|Module:Italic title}} '''Template:Italic title''' italicizes page titles. Article titles cannot contain wiki formatting, such as <code><nowiki>''</nowiki></code...' 1322939 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{redirect|Template:Italics|formatting text in italics|MOS:Text formatting#Italic type}} <!-- Categories go where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis go to Wikidata (see also: [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{High-use}} {{Template shortcut|Italic|Italics}} {{lua|Module:Italic title}} '''Template:Italic title''' italicizes page titles. Article titles cannot contain wiki formatting, such as <code><nowiki>''</nowiki></code>, so article titles cannot be italicized in the normal way. This template has the following effects: * Titles with no [[parentheses]] <code>()</code> are fully italicized: ** {{Nowrap|<code>Foo</code>}} &rarr; {{Nowrap|'''''Foo'''''}} ** {{Nowrap|<code>Talk:Foo</code>}} &rarr; {{Nowrap|'''Talk:''Foo'''''}} * Titles which contain parentheses are italicized before the first opening parenthesis: ** {{Nowrap|<code>Foo (bar)</code>}} &rarr; {{Nowrap|'''''Foo'' (bar)'''}} ** {{Nowrap|<code>Talk:Foo (bar)</code>}} &rarr; {{Nowrap|'''Talk:''Foo'' (bar)'''}} * Italicization can be forced on parenthesized text with the {{para|all|yes}} parameter. This template should only be used in articles that meet the criteria for italic titles given in the [[Wikipedia:Article titles#Italics and other formatting|Article titles]] policy. Meta templates which use this template should place {{Tl|Auto italic title}} in their documentation. ==Location on page== If the page has a {{t|Short description}} template, this template should go immediately underneath it, normally as the second item on the page. If there is no {{t|Short description}} template, add this template at the very top of the page, above everything else. There ought to be no blank line after {{tlg|Italic title|nolink=1}} because that will cause an extra blank line in the page's rendered appearance. == Usage == === Basic usage === {{tlx|Italic title|code=on}} === All parameters === {{tlx|Italic title|noerror|string{{=}}text in title|all{{=}}yes|code=on}} === Wrapper === Most calls to this template are of the form {{tlp|italic title|2=string=[[foo|<foo>]]|code=on}}. The wrapper template {{tl|ititle}} provides a shorthand for this case: {{tlp|ititle|[[foo|<foo>]]|code=on}} == Parameters == * {{para|1}}: if this is set to {{para|1|noerror}}, error messages are suppressed. See [[#Errors]] for more details. * {{para|all}}: if this is set to {{para|all|yes}}, the entire title is italicized, including any parentheses and text therein. * {{para|string}}: instead of italicizing the whole title, italicize only some specific text. For example, using {{para|string|Ally McBeal}} on the page {{nowrap|"[[List of Ally McBeal episodes]]"}} results in {{nowrap|"[[List of Ally McBeal episodes|List of ''Ally McBeal'' episodes]]"}}. If {{para|all|yes}} and {{para|string}} are both used when text inside the disambiguator needs to be italicized. In cases not covered by the parameters, titles needing both a lowercased first character and either this template without parameters or only {{para|all|yes}} should instead use {{tlx|Lowercase title}}, which has parameters covering those two cases, as shown in the second table below; other non-standard cases, such as lowercased titles needing this template with {{para|string}} set, titles with multiple italicized substrings, or titles needing italicization combined with other modifications not pertaining to case or italicization should use {{tlx|DISPLAYTITLE}} directly. Note that specifying a value for {{para|string}} italicizes all instances of that text in the title if there are multiple in the targeted portion of the title, meaning that titles where repeated text should be italicized some places in that portion but not others require direct usage of {{tlx|DISPLAYTITLE}}, while titles needing all instances of such repeated text italicized can use this template normally. == Errors == Sometimes you may see red error messages like this at the top of the page: <span class="error"><nowiki>Warning: Display title "<i>Article title (disambiguation)</i>" overrides earlier display title "<i>Article title</i> (disambiguation)".</nowiki></span> This usually means that there is another instance of {{tl|Italic title}} on the page, usually added by one of the infoboxes. Certain infoboxes, such as {{tl|Infobox album}}, add {{tl|Italic title}} by default. Check the template documentation for any infobox used on the page; it may have instructions about how to deal with italic titles. You may be able to adjust the italics from the infobox instead of using {{tl|Italic title}} at the top of the article. Or if that does not work, you may be able to disable the infobox's italics code altogether. If you are still having problems, try putting {{tl|Italic title}} after the infobox. You can suppress the error message by using the code <code><nowiki>{{Italic title|noerror}}</nowiki></code>. Technical details: this template uses the [[Wikipedia:Magic words#Behavior switches|DISPLAYTITLE magic word]] to italicize the title. Error messages can be produced by any two templates which use this magic word, and are not limited to this template. If you are unsure why you are getting a particular error message, you can ask about it at [[Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)]]. == Tracking categories == If the {{para|string}} parameter is used but that string is not found in the title, the page is added to [[:Category:Pages using italic title with no matching string]]. == TemplateData == {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "A template to italicize article titles", "params": { "1": { "label": "Error options", "description": "If set to \"noerror\", suppresses error messages. Using this is a last-ditch fix - see the template documentation for other options.", "type": "string" }, "all": { "label": "All", "description": "If set to \"yes\", italicization is forced on parenthesized text.", "type": "string", "required": false }, "string": { "label": "String", "description": "Specify a string in the title to italicize, rather than italicizing the entire title.", "type": "string", "required": false } } } </templatedata> ==See also== * [[WP:ITALICTITLE]] * {{Tlx|Italic disambiguation}} * {{Tlx|Italic title prefixed}} * {{Tlx|Italics correction}} * {{Tlx|Title language}} {{Correct title examples}} {{When on basepage |<!-- Categories go below this line, please; interwikis go to Wikidata, thank you! --> [[Category:Correct title templates]] [[Category:Lua-based templates]] }} tun5oczqowibw7vm4toc9pomadszahj 10 127358 1322940 2026-08-06T14:09:09Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Ag athdhíriú go [[Teimpléad:Italic title]] 1322940 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Teimpléad:Italic title]] lpe0e9xk9ypwyb5wo73dyc74mo8l926 10 127359 1322941 2026-08-06T14:09:50Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Infobox |child = {{{child|<includeonly>yes</includeonly>}}} |bodystyle = border-spacing:2px; |subheader = {{#switch: {{ lc: {{{type}}} }} | novel = Novel | serial novel = Serial novel | novel series = Novel series | light novel = Light novel | film comic = Film comic | other = Other book | #default = Manga }} |subheaderstyle = background:#CCF; c...' 1322941 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox |child = {{{child|<includeonly>yes</includeonly>}}} |bodystyle = border-spacing:2px; |subheader = {{#switch: {{ lc: {{{type}}} }} | novel = Novel | serial novel = Serial novel | novel series = Novel series | light novel = Light novel | film comic = Film comic | other = Other book | #default = Manga }} |subheaderstyle = background:#CCF; color:black; font-weight:bold; |headerstyle = background:#EEF; color:black; font-weight:normal; |header1 = {{ #if: {{{title<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} | ''{{{title}}}'' }} |label2 = Written&nbsp;by |data2 = {{{author<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label3 = Illustrated&nbsp;by |data3 = {{ #ifeq: {{{illustrator}}} | {{{author}}} || {{{illustrator<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} }} |label4 = Published&nbsp;by |data4 = {{{publisher<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label5 = English publisher |data5 = {{{publisher_en<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label6 = Imprint |data6 = {{{imprint<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label7 = Magazine |data7 = {{ #switch: {{ lc: {{{type}}} }} | novel = | #default = {{ #if: {{{magazine<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} | ''{{{magazine}}}<nowiki/>'' }} }} |label8 = English magazine |data8 = {{ #switch: {{ lc: {{{type}}} }} | novel = | #default = {{ #if: {{{magazine_en<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} | ''{{{magazine_en}}}<nowiki/>'' }} }} |label10 = {{ #switch: {{ lc: {{{type}}} }} | novel = Published | #default = {{ #if: {{{published|}}} | Published | Original run }} }} |data10 = {{ #switch: {{ lc: {{{type}}} }} | novel = {{{published|}}} | #default = {{ #if: {{{published|}}} | {{{published}}} | {{ #if: {{{first<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} | {{nowrap|{{{first}}}}} – {{ #if: {{{last<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} | {{nowrap|{{{last}}}}} | present }} }} }} }} |label11 = Volumes |data11 = {{ #switch: {{ lc: {{{type}}} }} | novel = | #default = {{ #if: {{{volumes<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} | {{{volumes}}} {{ #if: {{{volume_list<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}{{{chapter_list|}}} | <span class="noprint">([[{{{volume_list|{{{chapter_list<noinclude>|List of volumes</noinclude>}}}}}}|List of volumes]])</span> }} }} }} }}<includeonly>{{ #ifeq: {{NAMESPACE}} | {{ns:0}} | {{ #switch: {{ lc: {{{type|manga}}} }} | manga = [[Category:Manga series]]{{ #if: {{{first|}}} | {{ #iferror: {{ #time: "[[Category:"Y "manga]]" | {{{first|}}} }} | [[Category:Anime and manga articles with malformed first and last infobox parameters]] }} }} }} }}{{ <!-- What a hack --> #if: {{{magazine|}}} | | {{ #if: {{{first|}}} | {{ #iferror: {{ #ifexpr: {{{volumes|0}}} <= 1 | {{ #if: {{{last|}}} || {{main other|[[Category:Anime and manga articles using obsolete and incorrect infobox parameters|Volumes]]}} }} }} }} }} }}{{ <!-- Redundant parameter check --> #ifeq: {{{title}}} | {{PAGENAME}} | [[Category:Anime and manga articles with redundant infobox parameters]] }}{{ #if: {{{illustrator|}}} | {{ #ifeq: {{{illustrator}}} | {{{author}}} | [[Category:Anime and manga articles with redundant infobox parameters]] }} }}{{ #if: {{{first|}}} | {{ #ifeq: {{{first}}} | {{{last}}} | [[Category:Anime and manga articles with identical first and last infobox parameters]] }}{{ #switch: {{ lc: {{{last}}} }} | ongoing | (ongoing) | on-going | (on-going) | current | (current) | present | (present) = [[Category:Anime and manga articles with redundant infobox parameters]] }} | {{ #if: {{{published|}}} || {{main other|[[Category:Manga (year of release missing)]]}} }} }}{{ <!-- Check for confusion between serial novels and novel series --> #ifeq: {{ lc: {{{type}}} }} | serial novel | {{ #if: {{{magazine}}} | | [[Category:Anime and manga articles using obsolete and incorrect infobox parameters|Magazine]] }} }}{{ <!-- Required parameter check --> #ifeq: {{{author|¬}}} | ¬ | [[Category:Anime and manga articles with missing author parameters]] }}{{ #ifeq: {{{publisher|¬}}} | ¬ | [[Category:Anime and manga articles with missing publisher parameters]] }}{{ #ifeq: {{{first|{{{published|¬}}}}}} | ¬ | [[Category:Anime and manga articles with missing publication parameters]] }}<!-- Flag icon check -->{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|find|{{{publisher}}}|Flag of}}|0||[[Category:Anime and manga articles using flag icons]] }}{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|find|{{{publisher_en}}}|Flag of}}|0||[[Category:Anime and manga articles using flag icons]] }}{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|find|{{{magazine}}}|Flag of}}|0||[[Category:Anime and manga articles using flag icons]] }}{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|find|{{{magazine_en}}}|Flag of}}|0||[[Category:Anime and manga articles using flag icons]] }}{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:String|find|{{lc:{{{volumes}}}}}|ongoing}}|0||[[Category:Anime and manga articles using obsolete and incorrect infobox parameters|Ongoing]] }}<!-- Unknown parameters check --></includeonly>{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|[[Category:Pages using infobox animanga with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Infobox animanga/Print]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| author | chapter_list | child | first | illustrator | imprint | last | magazine | magazine_en | published | publisher | publisher_en | title | type | volume_list | volumes }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 913lnety4dnlluls9uogk8h0iwijac2 10 127360 1322942 2026-08-06T14:10:05Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} <!-- Categories go at the bottom of this page and interwikis go in Wikidata. --> {{#ifeq: {{PAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{hatnote|1=This [[Wikipedia:Template documentation|documentation]] is [[Wikipedia:Transclusion|transcluded]] from [[Template:Infobox animanga/Print/doc]]. <small style="font-style: normal">([{{fullurl:Template:Infobox animanga/Print/doc|action=edit}} edit] {{!}} [{{fullurl:Template:Infobox animanga/Prin...' 1322942 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} <!-- Categories go at the bottom of this page and interwikis go in Wikidata. --> {{#ifeq: {{PAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{hatnote|1=This [[Wikipedia:Template documentation|documentation]] is [[Wikipedia:Transclusion|transcluded]] from [[Template:Infobox animanga/Print/doc]]. <small style="font-style: normal">([{{fullurl:Template:Infobox animanga/Print/doc|action=edit}} edit] {{!}} [{{fullurl:Template:Infobox animanga/Print/doc|action=history}} history])</small>}} | {{Notice|Please see [[Template:Infobox animanga]] for documentation on the other components of the infobox.}} }} ==== Usage ==== See examples below. To add an unitalicized note to an italicized parameter, use {{tl|noitalic}}, like this: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> | magazine = [[Yen Plus]] {{noitalic|(color)}} </syntaxhighlight> which will render like this: '''Magazine'''{{in5}} ''[[Yen Plus]] {{noitalic|(color)}}'' ==== Examples ==== ===== Manga ===== {{Infobox animanga/Print | child = no | type = manga | title = {{{title}}} | author = {{{author}}} | illustrator = {{{illustrator}}} | publisher = {{{publisher}}} | publisher_en = {{{publisher_en}}} | imprint = {{{imprint}}} | magazine = {{{magazine}}} | magazine_en = {{{magazine_en}}} | published = | first = {{{first}}} | last = {{{last}}} | volumes = {{{volumes}}} | volume_list = List of volumes }} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="width:auto; overflow:auto"> {{Infobox animanga/Print | type = manga | title = | author = | illustrator = | publisher = | publisher_en = | imprint = | magazine = | magazine_en = | published = <!-- {{Start date|YYYY|MM|DD}}. Only use without |first= --> | first = <!-- {{Start date|YYYY|MM|DD}}. Only use without |released= --> | last = <!-- {{End date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> | volumes = | volume_list = }} </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} ===== Novel ===== {{Infobox animanga/Print | child = no | type = novel | title = {{{title}}} | author = {{{author}}} | illustrator = {{{illustrator}}} | publisher = {{{publisher}}} | publisher_en = {{{publisher_en}}} | imprint = {{{imprint}}} | published = {{{published}}} }} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="width:auto; overflow:auto"> {{Infobox animanga/Print | type = novel | title = | author = | illustrator = | publisher = | publisher_en = | imprint = | published = <!-- {{Start date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> }} </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} ===== Novel series ===== {{Infobox animanga/Print | child = no | type = novel series | title = {{{title}}} | author = {{{author}}} | illustrator = {{{illustrator}}} | publisher = {{{publisher}}} | publisher_en = {{{publisher_en}}} | imprint = {{{imprint}}} | first = {{{first}}} | last = {{{last}}} | volumes = {{{volumes}}} | volume_list = List of volumes }} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="width:auto; overflow:auto"> {{Infobox animanga/Print | type = novel series | title = | author = | illustrator = | publisher = | publisher_en = | imprint = | first = <!-- {{Start date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> | last = <!-- {{End date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> | volumes = | volumes = | volume_list = }} </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} ===== Serial novel ===== {{Infobox animanga/Print | child = no | type = serial novel | title = {{{title}}} | author = {{{author}}} | illustrator = {{{illustrator}}} | publisher = {{{publisher}}} | publisher_en = {{{publisher_en}}} | imprint = {{{imprint}}} | magazine = {{{magazine}}} | magazine_en = {{{magazine_en}}} | published = {{{published}}} | first = {{{first}}} | last = {{{last}}} | volumes = {{{volumes}}} | volume_list = List of volumes }} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="width:auto; overflow:auto"> {{Infobox animanga/Print | type = serial novel | title = | author = | illustrator = | publisher = | publisher_en = | imprint = | magazine = | magazine_en = | published = <!-- {{Start date|YYYY|MM|DD}}. Only use without |first= --> | first = <!-- {{Start date|YYYY|MM|DD}}. Only use without |released= --> | last = <!-- {{End date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> | volumes = | volume_list = }} </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} <!-- ==== Light novel ==== {{Infobox animanga/Print | child = no | type = light novel | title = {{{title}}} | author = {{{author}}} | illustrator = {{{illustrator}}} | publisher = {{{publisher}}} | publisher_en = {{{publisher_en}}} | publisher_other = {{{publisher_other}}} | imprint = {{{imprint}}} | published = {{{published}}} }} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="width:auto; overflow:auto"> {{Infobox animanga/Print/sandbox | type = light novel | title = | author = | illustrator = | publisher = | publisher_en = | publisher_other = | imprint = | published = }} </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} --> ===== Light novel ===== {{Infobox animanga/Print | child = no | type = light novel | title = {{{title}}} | author = {{{author}}} | illustrator = {{{illustrator}}} | publisher = {{{publisher}}} | publisher_en = {{{publisher_en}}} | imprint = {{{imprint}}} | magazine = {{{magazine}}} | magazine_en = {{{magazine_en}}} | published = {{{published}}} | first = {{{first}}} | last = {{{last}}} | volumes = {{{volumes}}} | volume_list = List of volumes }} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="width:auto; overflow:auto"> {{Infobox animanga/Print | type = light novel | title = | author = | illustrator = | publisher = | publisher_en = | imprint = | magazine = | magazine_en = | published = <!-- {{Start date|YYYY|MM|DD}}. Only use without |first= --> | first = <!-- {{Start date|YYYY|MM|DD}}. Only use without |released= --> | last = <!-- {{End date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> | volumes = | volume_list = }} </syntaxhighlight> {{clear}} ===== Parameters ===== {| class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; clear: right;" |- ! width="100px" | Parameter ! Explanation |- | type | Enter one of the following: '''novel''' for a single novel, '''serial novel''' for a novel series, '''light novel''' for a light novel or light novel series, '''film comic''' for [[film comic]]s, '''mook''' for a "magazine book", or '''other'''. Leave blank for manga. |- | title | Title of the work, if different from the ''name'' field in header. |- | author | Insert the name(s) of the author(s) of the work. Separate multiple entries using either {{tl|plainlist}} or {{tl|ubl}}. Link each author to their article if possible. |- | illustrator | Insert the name(s) of the illustrator(s) of the work, if different from the work's author. Separate multiple entries using either {{tl|plainlist}} or {{tl|ubl}}. Link each illustrator to their article if possible. |- | publisher | Insert the name(s) of the Japanese publisher(s) of the work. Separate multiple entries using either {{tl|plainlist}} or {{tl|ubl}}. Link each publisher to their article if possible. |- | publisher_en | Insert the name of any English language publisher(s) of the work. See {{tl|English manga publisher}} |- | imprint | Insert the name(s) of the publisher's label(s) or imprint(s) the work was released under. Separate multiple entries using either {{tl|plainlist}} or {{tl|ubl}}. Link each label to their article if possible. |- | magazine | Insert the name(s) of the magazine(s) or anthology in which the work was [[Serial (literature)|serialized]] in. Separate multiple entries using either {{tl|plainlist}} or {{tl|ubl}}. Link each magazine to their article if possible. |- | magazine_en | Insert the name(s) of any English language magazine(s) or anthologies in which the work was serialized in. See {{tl|English manga magazine}} |- | published | Insert the date(s) the work first premiered. This should be used for single releases. Use {{tl|Start date}} (e.g. <code><nowiki>{{Start date|1981|2|26}}</nowiki></code>) so that the date is included in the template's [[hCalendar]] microformat, and is properly formatted according to a reader's Wikipedia date and time [[Special:Preferences|preferences]]. |- | first | Insert the most relevant date(s) the first chapter (preferably) or volume of the work was originally published. Include month and year at a minimum. Use {{tl|Start date}} (e.g. <code><nowiki>{{Start date|1981|2|26}}</nowiki></code>) so that the date is included in the template's [[hCalendar]] microformat, and is properly formatted according to a reader's Wikipedia date and time [[Special:Preferences|preferences]]. |- | last | Insert the most relevant date(s) the last chapter (preferably) or volume of the work was originally published. Include month and year at a minimum. Leave empty if the work is ongoing. Use {{tl|End date}} if the show is ended. Only insert the last date after it has happened. |- | volumes | Insert the number of volume(s). |- | volume_list | Links the number of volumes or chapters to the respective "List of" page. |} ===== Tracking categories ===== * {{clc|Anime and manga articles using flag icons}} * {{clc|Anime and manga articles using obsolete and incorrect infobox parameters}} * {{clc|Anime and manga articles with identical first and last infobox parameters}} * {{clc|Anime and manga articles with malformed first and last infobox parameters}} * {{clc|Anime and manga articles with missing infobox parameters}} * {{clc|Anime and manga articles with redundant infobox parameters}} * {{clc|Pages using infobox animanga with unknown parameters}} (used for ALL {{tl|infobox animanga}} subtemplates <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| {{#ifeq: {{PAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} | <!-- don't include categories in Template:Infobox_animanga --> | <!-- CATEGORIES HERE, THANKS --> [[Category:Anime and manga infobox templates|Print]] [[Category:Embeddable templates]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }} }}</includeonly> agjg86b5wdlhy0bgv2n2ntjhrv5foeb 10 127361 1322943 2026-08-06T14:10:37Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Infobox |decat = yes |child = {{{child|<includeonly>yes</includeonly>}}} |bodystyle = border-spacing:2px |datastyle = background:#CCF; font-weight:bold |data1 = {{ #ifeq: {{{portal|no}}} | yes | {{portal-inline|Anime and manga|size=tiny}} }} |rowclass1 = noprint }}{{ #ifeq: {{{child|<includeonly>yes</includeonly>}}} | yes | </table> }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|Category:Pages using info...' 1322943 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox |decat = yes |child = {{{child|<includeonly>yes</includeonly>}}} |bodystyle = border-spacing:2px |datastyle = background:#CCF; font-weight:bold |data1 = {{ #ifeq: {{{portal|no}}} | yes | {{portal-inline|Anime and manga|size=tiny}} }} |rowclass1 = noprint }}{{ #ifeq: {{{child|<includeonly>yes</includeonly>}}} | yes | </table> }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|[[Category:Pages using infobox animanga with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Infobox animanga/Footer]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| child | portal }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> acdeymrkzwhlecsfv147cvvqaro0zqo 10 127362 1322944 2026-08-06T14:10:50Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} <!-- Categories go at the bottom of this page and interwikis go in Wikidata. --> {{#ifeq: {{PAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{hatnote|1=This [[Wikipedia:Template documentation|documentation]] is [[Wikipedia:Transclusion|transcluded]] from [[Template:Infobox animanga/Footer/doc]]. <small style="font-style: normal">([{{fullurl:Template:Infobox animanga/Footer/doc|action=edit}} edit] {{!}} [{{fullurl:Template:Infobox animanga/Fo...' 1322944 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} <!-- Categories go at the bottom of this page and interwikis go in Wikidata. --> {{#ifeq: {{PAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} | {{hatnote|1=This [[Wikipedia:Template documentation|documentation]] is [[Wikipedia:Transclusion|transcluded]] from [[Template:Infobox animanga/Footer/doc]]. <small style="font-style: normal">([{{fullurl:Template:Infobox animanga/Footer/doc|action=edit}} edit] {{!}} [{{fullurl:Template:Infobox animanga/Footer/doc|action=history}} history])</small>}} | {{Notice|Please see [[Template:Infobox animanga]] for documentation on the other components of the infobox.}} }} {{Infobox animanga/Footer|child=no}} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="width:auto; overflow:auto"> {{Infobox animanga/Footer}} </syntaxhighlight> {| class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; clear: right;" |- ! width="100px" | Parameter ! Explanation |- | portal | Displays link to the [[Portal:Anime and manga|Anime and manga portal]], default is '''no''' |}<includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| {{#ifeq: {{PAGENAME}} | {{BASEPAGENAME}} | <!-- don't include categories in Template:Infobox_animanga --> | <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Anime and manga infobox templates|Footer]] [[Category:Embeddable templates]] }}}}</includeonly> k8bi4054y9fxhzzjmc5fsqvbg3nishp 10 127363 1322945 2026-08-06T14:11:31Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '<span style="font-size:120%">{{{1}}}</span><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude>' 1322945 wikitext text/x-wiki <span style="font-size:120%">{{{1}}}</span><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> gb9jg7srxpcm0n8wv0k3unldj3qzdrc 10 127364 1322946 2026-08-06T14:11:53Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please add categories at the bottom of this page, and interwikis at Wikidata (see Wikipedia:Wikidata) --> {{high use}} {{template redirect|Larger|Big}} This template renders the text in the first parameter, {{para|1}}, at 120% of the size at which it would otherwise display. == Comparison == {{Font size templates}} == See also == * [[:Category:Resizing templates]] * {{tl|smalldiv}}, for wrapping multiple lines of text that cause...' 1322946 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please add categories at the bottom of this page, and interwikis at Wikidata (see Wikipedia:Wikidata) --> {{high use}} {{template redirect|Larger|Big}} This template renders the text in the first parameter, {{para|1}}, at 120% of the size at which it would otherwise display. == Comparison == {{Font size templates}} == See also == * [[:Category:Resizing templates]] * {{tl|smalldiv}}, for wrapping multiple lines of text that cause syntax errors when wrapped by {{tl|resize}} or {{tl|small}} * [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-size font-size - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets | Mozilla Developer Network] ==TemplateData== {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "Resizes text so it is in the css-'large' size.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Text", "description": "The text to display", "type": "string", "required": true } } } </templatedata> <includeonly>{{sandbox other|| <!-- Add categories below this line, and interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Resizing templates| ]] }}</includeonly> e0myi4jnbki5fio3ld79stz0jhzsdxt 10 127365 1322947 2026-08-06T14:12:11Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Ag athdhíriú go [[Teimpléad:Large]] 1322947 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Large]] sgov6mkvynvu30eejcz4h2dk3actwy9 10 127366 1322948 2026-08-06T14:13:53Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{#if:{{{sortable|}}} |<span style="display:none;">{{{1|}}}</span> }}{{#if:{{{i|}}} |<nowiki/>'' }}{{abbr|style=font-size:85%|{{#switch:{{{lk|}}} |yes|on = [[Literal translation|lit.]] |#default = lit. }}|literal translation}}{{#if:{{{i|}}} |''<nowiki/> }}{{#if:{{{1|}}} | {{thinsp}}{{gloss|{{{1}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{2|}}} | {{sp}} or {{gloss|{{{2}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{3|}}} | {{sp}} or {{gloss|{{{3}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{4|}}} | {{sp}} or {{gloss|{{{4}}}}} }}<noinclude> {{D...' 1322948 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{sortable|}}} |<span style="display:none;">{{{1|}}}</span> }}{{#if:{{{i|}}} |<nowiki/>'' }}{{abbr|style=font-size:85%|{{#switch:{{{lk|}}} |yes|on = [[Literal translation|lit.]] |#default = lit. }}|literal translation}}{{#if:{{{i|}}} |''<nowiki/> }}{{#if:{{{1|}}} | {{thinsp}}{{gloss|{{{1}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{2|}}} | {{sp}} or {{gloss|{{{2}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{3|}}} | {{sp}} or {{gloss|{{{3}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{4|}}} | {{sp}} or {{gloss|{{{4}}}}} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> crms03yreju0qz0e2ors94wklcas7qf 10 127367 1322949 2026-08-06T14:14:10Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} {{Template shortcut|lit|literal|literally}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> This template uses single quotation marks ({{char|'…'}}), because Wikipedia's Manual of Style at [[MOS:SINGLE]] calls for [[Gloss (annotation)#In linguistics|simple glosses]] to be enclosed this way. == Usage == * <code><nowiki>{{literal translation}...' 1322949 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} {{Template shortcut|lit|literal|literally}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> This template uses single quotation marks ({{char|'…'}}), because Wikipedia's Manual of Style at [[MOS:SINGLE]] calls for [[Gloss (annotation)#In linguistics|simple glosses]] to be enclosed this way. == Usage == * <code><nowiki>{{literal translation}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{literal translation}} * <code><nowiki>{{literal translation|lk=yes}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{literal translation|lk=yes}} * <code><nowiki>{{literal translation|lk=on}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{literal translation|lk=on}} * <code><nowiki>{{literal translation|a}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{literal translation|a}} * <code><nowiki>{{literal translation|''a'' A}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{literal translation|''a'' A}} * <code><nowiki>{{literal translation|a|b}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{literal translation|a|b}} * <code><nowiki>{{literal translation|a|b|c|d}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{literal translation|a|b|c|d}} The template takes up to four separate translations (<code>|a|b|c|d</code>). If each meaning is a single word, using serial commas is another stylistic choice: <code>|a, b, c, d</code> The usage of this template is preferred when the literal meaning of a word differs from its actual meaning; in other instances, {{tlx|gloss}} or {{tlx|translation}} may be more suitable. == See also == * {{tlx|gloss}} – similar template but without "lit." lead-in. * {{tlx|translation}} – for cases where it isn't obvious that the word is a translation, or when ambiguity isn't preferred, such as translating titles of works. <includeonly>{{sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Language formatting and function templates]] [[Category:Translation templates]] }}</includeonly> == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "params": { "1": { "label": "Literal meaning", "description": "Gloss for a term", "type": "string", "required": true }, "2": { "label": "2nd literal meaning", "description": "Another meaning, if any", "type": "string" }, "3": { "label": "3rd literal meaning", "description": "Another meaning, if any", "type": "string" }, "4": { "label": "4th literal meaning", "description": "Another meaning (last possible), if any", "type": "string" }, "sortable": { "label": "Sortable", "type": "string", "description": "In sortable tables, ignore 'lit.'" }, "i": { "label": "Italic", "description": "If 'yes', the prefix 'lit.' is italicized. The meaning is still not italicized. Italics of either is almost never necessary stylistically.", "type": "string" }, "lk": { "label": "Link", "type": "string", "description": "If 'yes' or 'on', adds a link to 'lit.' for the article on literal translation, overriding the default behaviour (not linked)." } }, "description": "Format as literal translation. Only use when the literal meaning differs from the idiomatic meaning; otherwise, use {{gloss}} or {{translation}}." } </templatedata> nhs14ncbpmg9hs5qrd6ob4010mw645b 10 127368 1322950 2026-08-06T14:14:59Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Ag athdhíriú go [[Teimpléad:Lit.]] 1322950 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Teimpléad:lit.]] 679ljlkh7xd2gphvuaxp10bt04dvlhi 10 127369 1322951 2026-08-06T14:16:26Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '<includeonly>{{#invoke:Portal|portal}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata --> </noinclude>' 1322951 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Portal|portal}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata --> </noinclude> eu0a2ons0y70cfblniy3kcxuib58bvt 10 127370 1322952 2026-08-06T14:17:06Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{#ifeq: {{{type|}}} | module ||<!-- section not transcluded if type = module --> {{documentation subpage}} {{high-use}} {{lua|Module:Portal}} <!---PLEASE ADD METADATA TO THE <includeonly> SECTION AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE.---> This {{{type|template}}} produces a box with links to a [[Portal:Contents/Portals|portal]] or to multiple portals. It is most often used in the "See also" section of an article. '''If a portal does not exist, then it will not be displayed'...' 1322952 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#ifeq: {{{type|}}} | module ||<!-- section not transcluded if type = module --> {{documentation subpage}} {{high-use}} {{lua|Module:Portal}} <!---PLEASE ADD METADATA TO THE <includeonly> SECTION AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE.---> This {{{type|template}}} produces a box with links to a [[Portal:Contents/Portals|portal]] or to multiple portals. It is most often used in the "See also" section of an article. '''If a portal does not exist, then it will not be displayed'''. As of December 11, 2021 (UTC), this portal template is now mobile-friendly, meaning that the portal links will appear on mobile devices. }}<!-- end of section not transcluded if type = module --> == Usage == {{Portal{{\sandbox}} |Canada | Biography |History |Science}} '''Basic usage''' <div style="overflow:auto"> &#123;&#123;{{#ifeq: {{{type|}}} | module | &#35;invoke:Portal&#124;portal | Portal }} |''Portal 1'' |''Portal 2'' |''Portal 3'' |... &#125;&#125; </div> == Location == Within articles, {{#ifeq: {{{type|}}} | module | the output of the portal function | this template }} is meant to be placed at the top of the article's ''See also'' section. If there is no ''See also'' section, you may put it in the ''External links'' section instead, if other external links are in the article. Do not create an "External links" section [[WP:LAYOUTEL|just for this box]]: if there is no ''External links'' section, consider using {{tl|Portal bar}} at the end of the article. If using {{tl|Portal bar}}, considering combining it with links to [[WP:SISTER|sister projects]] via {{tl|Subject bar}}. There are no particular rules about the placement of portals on other kinds of pages. == Image == The portal image names are stored in subpages of [[Module:Portal/images]], organised by the first letter of the portal name. For example, the first letter of [[Portal:Feminism]] is "F", so the image name is stored at [[Module:Portal/images/f]]. If there is an entry for a portal on the correct page then the corresponding image will be shown next to the portal link. If no image is found then [[:File:Portal-puzzle.svg]] will be shown instead. It is also possible to specify aliases for portal images. For example, the code {{tlx|Portal|Detroit}} produces the same image as the code {{tlx|Portal|Metro Detroit}}. The "Detroit" alias is found on the page [[Module:Portal/images/aliases]]. The image-detection algorithm is case-insensitive. For example, the code {{tlx|Portal|Detroit}} will produce the same image as the code {{tlx|Portal|detroit}} (although the portal links will be different). Portal names are stored in lower case in the image subpages, and input is converted to lower case before being checked. To add new images to the list, please <span class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Portal&action=edit&preload=Template:Edit_protected/preload&preloadparams%5b%5d=edit%20template-protected&preloadparams%5b%5d=&editintro=Template:Edit_protected/editintro&preloadtitle=Image+edit+request+on+{{CURRENTDAY}}+{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}+{{CURRENTYEAR}}&section=new make a protected edit request at Template talk:Portal]</span> to get an administrator to edit the correct subpage for you. Portal images must be either in the public domain or available under a [[WP:ICTIC|free license]] that allows commercial reuse and derivative works; [[Wikipedia:Non-free content|fair-use]] images are not acceptable. The template {{tl|Portal icon demonstration}} may be of use when deciding whether an image is suitable for use as a portal icon; it formats an image using the same size and style that the {{tl|Portal}} template uses by default. A list of portals and aliases of portals without icons can be found at [[:Category:Portal templates with default image]]. {{Collapse top|List of image subpages}} {| class="wikitable" |- ! Page !! Description |- | [[Module:Portal/images/a]] || For portal names starting with "A". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/b]] || For portal names starting with "B". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/c]] || For portal names starting with "C". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/d]] || For portal names starting with "D". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/e]] || For portal names starting with "E". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/f]] || For portal names starting with "F". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/g]] || For portal names starting with "G". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/h]] || For portal names starting with "H". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/i]] || For portal names starting with "I". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/j]] || For portal names starting with "J". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/k]] || For portal names starting with "K". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/l]] || For portal names starting with "L". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/m]] || For portal names starting with "M". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/n]] || For portal names starting with "N". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/o]] || For portal names starting with "O". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/p]] || For portal names starting with "P". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/q]] || For portal names starting with "Q". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/r]] || For portal names starting with "R". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/s]] || For portal names starting with "S". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/t]] || For portal names starting with "T". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/u]] || For portal names starting with "U". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/v]] || For portal names starting with "V". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/w]] || For portal names starting with "W". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/x]] || For portal names starting with "X". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/y]] || For portal names starting with "Y". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/z]] || For portal names starting with "Z". |- | [[Module:Portal/images/other]] || For portal names starting with any other letters. This includes numbers, letters with diacritics, and letters in non-Latin alphabets. |- | [[Module:Portal/images/aliases]] || For adding aliases for existing portal names. Use this page for variations in spelling and diacritics, etc., no matter what letter the portal begins with. |} {{Collapse bottom}} == Example == The box on the right format with small text can incorporate multiple portals. '''Box''' {{Portal{{\sandbox}}|Canada}} {{tlx|Portal|Canada}} {{Portal{{\sandbox}}|Canada|Example|tracking=no}} {{tlx|Portal|Canada|Example}} {{-}} Inline format for the left side with normal sized text; See [[Template:Portal-inline]] for a listing of parameters. '''Inline ''' * {{tlx|Portal-inline|Canada}} * {{Portal-inline|Canada}} Inline format for the right side with normal sized text: See [[Template:Portal]] for more information. {{Portal{{\sandbox}}|border=no|Canada}} * {{tlx|Portal|border{{=}}no|Canada}} {{-}} '''Bar''' The bar format is normally used for multiple portals. This template does not belong in the "See also" section. Per [[MOS:SECTIONORDER]], this template is bottom matter and goes below standard navigation templates. {{Tlx|Portal bar|Canada|Example|<nowiki>border=no</nowiki>}} {{Portal bar|Canada|Example|border=no|tracking=no}} == Parameters == {| class="wikitable" |- ! Name !! Value !! Description |- | <code>'''1'''</code>, <code>'''2'''</code>, <code>'''3'''</code> ... || The portal name, e.g. <code>Literature</code> || The positional parameters specify the portals to be displayed. |- | <code>'''left'''</code> || <code>yes</code> || If set to <code>yes</code>, the portal appears on the left side of the page instead of the right. |- | <code>'''margin'''</code> || CSS margin value, e.g. <code>1.2em 3em 0.5em 1em</code> || This allows you to set a custom margin. All valid CSS margin values are accepted. |- | <code>'''break'''</code> || <code>yes</code> || If set to <code>yes</code>, a line break is inserted after the portal name and before the word ''portal''. |- | <code>'''redlinks'''</code> || Any of the following values: <code>yes</code>, <code>y</code>, <code>true</code>, or <code>include</code> || Redlinks will be displayed. The default is to suppress redlinks. |- | <code>'''nominimum'''</code> || Any of the following values: <code>yes</code>, <code>y</code>, or <code>true</code> || Suppresses the warning if no parameters are supplied. This can be useful when Template:Portal is called by another template. |- | <code>'''border'''</code> || Any of the following values: <code>no</code>, <code>n</code>, or <code>false</code> || Turn off border and background |- | <code>'''tracking'''</code> || Any of the following values: <code>no</code>, <code>n</code>, <code>false</code> || Tracking categories will be suppressed. The default is to use tracking categories, except on certain namespaces and on pagenames which contain "/archive", "/doc" or "/test". |} == Error tracking == If the {{{type|template}}} is used incorrectly, the page will be added to a tracking category. The tracking categories are not applied if any of the following is true: # Tracking is specially disabled for that usage. This is done by setting the optional parameter {{para|tracking}} to any the following values: <code><nowiki>no</nowiki></code>, <code><nowiki>n</nowiki></code>, <code><nowiki>false</nowiki></code> # the template is used on a page in any of these namespaces: Talk, User, User talk, Wikipedia talk, File talk, Template talk, Category talk, Portal talk, Draft, Draft talk, Module talk # The title page on which the template is used includes any of the following case-insensitive strings: "/archive", "/doc", "/test" * {{clc|Portal templates with too few portals}} * {{clc|Portal templates with too many portals}} * {{clc|Portal templates with redlinked portals}} * {{clc|Pages with empty portal template}} * {{clc|Portal templates with default image}} :{{Purge page|''Purge page to update totals''}} {{#ifeq: {{{type|}}} | module ||<!-- section not transcluded if type = module --> == See also == * [[Wikipedia:Contents/Portals|List of portals]] * {{Tl|Subject bar}} {{Portal template list}} ==TemplateData== {{Collapse top|[[Wikipedia:TemplateData|TemplateData]] documentation used by [[Wikipedia:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]] and other tools}} {{TemplateData header|noheader=1}} <TemplateData> { "description": "A template to create a list of portals", "params": { "1": { "label": "Portal (1)", "description": "Inserts the portal image and text. Further portals can be added to the template by increasing the number", "type": "string", "required": true }, "2": { "label": "Portal (2)", "description": "Inserts the portal image and text", "type": "string" }, "3": { "label": "Portal (3)", "inherits": "2" }, "4": { "label": "Portal (4)", "inherits": "3" }, "5": { "label": "Portal (5)", "inherits": "4" }, "6": { "label": "Portal (6)", "inherits": "5" }, "left": { "label": "Side", "description": "If set to yes, the portal appears on the left side of the page instead of the right.", "type": "string", "default": "no" }, "margin": { "label": "Margin size", "description": "Alters the margin size. Any valid CSS margin is accepted", "type": "number" }, "break": { "label": "Line break", "description": "If set to yes, a line break is inserted after the portal name and before the word portal", "type": "string" }, "redlink": { "description": "Allow links to non-existent portals", "type": "string", "default": "false" }, "nominimum": { "description": "Do not check for at least one portal", "type": "string", "default": "false" }, "border": { "description": "Put border around portal links", "type": "string", "default": "true" }, "tracking": { "description": "In case of warning, add to tracking category", "type": "string", "default": "true" }, "type": {} }, "format": "block" } </TemplateData> {{Collapse bottom}} *For help with this template, please post a comment on the [[Template_talk:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}|template talk page]] with a {{tl2|reply to}} one or more of the {{history||previous editors}}. <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Internal link templates]] [[Category:Wikipedia Portal navflags]] }}</includeonly> <noinclude> [[Category:Record production portal|Templates]]</noinclude> }}<!-- end of section not transcluded if type = module --> puc7rucm5f4e5g3tyonms645ispqs3p 828 127371 1322953 2026-08-06T14:17:57Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '--[==[ This module is a Lua implementation of the old {{Portal}} template. As of February 2019 it is used on nearly 7,900,000 articles. -- Please take care when updating it! It outputs two functions: p.portal, which generates a list of portals, and p.image, which -- produces the image name for an individual portal. -- The portal image data is kept in submodules of [[Module:Portal/images]], listed below: -- [[Module:Portal/images/a]] - for portal names beginning...' 1322953 Scribunto text/plain --[==[ This module is a Lua implementation of the old {{Portal}} template. As of February 2019 it is used on nearly 7,900,000 articles. -- Please take care when updating it! It outputs two functions: p.portal, which generates a list of portals, and p.image, which -- produces the image name for an individual portal. -- The portal image data is kept in submodules of [[Module:Portal/images]], listed below: -- [[Module:Portal/images/a]] - for portal names beginning with "A". -- [[Module:Portal/images/b]] - for portal names beginning with "B". -- [[Module:Portal/images/c]] - for portal names beginning with "C". -- [[Module:Portal/images/d]] - for portal names beginning with "D". -- [[Module:Portal/images/e]] - for portal names beginning with "E". -- [[Module:Portal/images/f]] - for portal names beginning with "F". -- [[Module:Portal/images/g]] - for portal names beginning with "G". -- [[Module:Portal/images/h]] - for portal names beginning with "H". -- [[Module:Portal/images/i]] - for portal names beginning with "I". -- [[Module:Portal/images/j]] - for portal names beginning with "J". -- [[Module:Portal/images/k]] - for portal names beginning with "K". -- [[Module:Portal/images/l]] - for portal names beginning with "L". -- [[Module:Portal/images/m]] - for portal names beginning with "M". -- [[Module:Portal/images/n]] - for portal names beginning with "N". -- [[Module:Portal/images/o]] - for portal names beginning with "O". -- [[Module:Portal/images/p]] - for portal names beginning with "P". -- [[Module:Portal/images/q]] - for portal names beginning with "Q". -- [[Module:Portal/images/r]] - for portal names beginning with "R". -- [[Module:Portal/images/s]] - for portal names beginning with "S". -- [[Module:Portal/images/t]] - for portal names beginning with "T". -- [[Module:Portal/images/u]] - for portal names beginning with "U". -- [[Module:Portal/images/v]] - for portal names beginning with "V". -- [[Module:Portal/images/w]] - for portal names beginning with "W". -- [[Module:Portal/images/x]] - for portal names beginning with "X". -- [[Module:Portal/images/y]] - for portal names beginning with "Y". -- [[Module:Portal/images/z]] - for portal names beginning with "Z". -- [[Module:Portal/images/other]] - for portal names beginning with any other letters. This includes numbers, -- letters with diacritics, and letters in non-Latin alphabets. -- [[Module:Portal/images/aliases]] - for adding aliases for existing portal names. Use this page for variations -- in spelling and diacritics, etc., no matter what letter the portal begins with. -- -- The images data pages are separated by the first letter to reduce server load when images are added, changed, or removed. -- Previously all the images were on one data page at [[Module:Portal/images]], but this had the disadvantage that all -- 5,000,000 pages using this module needed to be refreshed every time an image was added or removed. ]==] local p = {} -- determine whether we're being called from a sandbox local isSandbox = mw.getCurrentFrame():getTitle():find('sandbox', 1, true) local sandbox = isSandbox and '/sandbox' or '' local function sandboxVersion(s) return isSandbox and s..'-sand' or s end local templatestyles = 'Module:Portal'..sandbox..'/styles.css' local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs local yesno = require('Module:Yesno') -- List of non-talk namespaces which should not be tracked (Talk pages are never tracked) local badNamespaces = {'user','template','draft','wikipedia'} -- Check whether to do tracking in this namespace -- Returns true unless the page is one of the banned namespaces local function checkTracking(title) local thisPage = title or mw.title.getCurrentTitle() if thisPage.isTalkPage then return false end local ns = thisPage.nsText:lower() for _, v in ipairs(badNamespaces) do if ns == v then return false end end return true end local function matchImagePage(s) -- Finds the appropriate image subpage given a lower-case -- portal name plus the first letter of that portal name. if type(s) ~= 'string' or #s < 1 then return end local firstLetter = mw.ustring.sub(s, 1, 1) local imagePage if mw.ustring.find(firstLetter, '^[a-z]') then imagePage = 'Module:Portal/images/' .. firstLetter .. sandbox else imagePage = 'Module:Portal/images/other' .. sandbox end return mw.loadData(imagePage)[s] end local function getAlias(s) -- Gets an alias from the image alias data page. local aliasData = mw.loadData('Module:Portal/images/aliases'..sandbox) for portal, aliases in pairs(aliasData) do for _, alias in ipairs(aliases) do if alias == s then return portal end end end end local defaultImage = 'Portal-puzzle.svg|link=|alt=' local function getImageName(s) -- Gets the image name for a given string. if type(s) ~= 'string' or #s < 1 then return defaultImage end s = mw.ustring.lower(s) local image = matchImagePage(s) or matchImagePage(getAlias(s)) or defaultImage image = mw.ustring.gsub(image,'^File:','') --- strip mistaken leading File: or Image: image = mw.ustring.gsub(image,'^Image:','') return image end local function exists(title) local success, exists = pcall(function() return title.exists end) -- If success = false, then we're out of expensive parser function calls and can't check whether it exists -- in that case, don't throw a Lua error return not success or exists end -- Function to check argument portals for errors, generate tracking categories if needed -- Function first checks for too few/many portals provided -- Then checks the portal list to purge any portals that don't exist -- Arguments: -- portals: raw list of portals -- args.tracking: is tracking requested? (will not track on bad titles or namespaces) -- args.redlinks: should redlinks be displayed? -- args.minPortals: minimum number of portal arguments -- args.maxPortals: maximum number of portal arguments -- Returns: -- portals = list of portals, with redlinks purged (if args.redlinks=false) -- trackingCat = possible tracking category -- errorMsg = error message function p._checkPortals(portals, args) local trackingCat = '' local errMsg = nil -- Tracking is on by default. -- It is disabled if any of the following is true -- 1/ the parameter "tracking" is set to 'no, 'n', or 'false' -- 2/ the current page fails the namespace or pagename tests local trackingEnabled = args.tracking and checkTracking() args.minPortals = args.minPortals or 1 args.maxPortals = args.maxPortals or -1 -- check for too few portals if #portals < args.minPortals then errMsg = 'please specify at least '..args.minPortals..' portal'..(args.minPortals > 1 and 's' or '') trackingCat = (trackingEnabled and '[[Category:Portal templates with too few portals]]' or '') return portals, trackingCat, errMsg end -- check for too many portals if args.maxPortals >= 0 and #portals > args.maxPortals then errMsg = 'too many portals (maximum = '..args.maxPortals..')' trackingCat = (trackingEnabled and '[[Category:Portal templates with too many portals]]' or '') return portals, trackingCat, errMsg end if not args.redlinks or trackingEnabled then -- make new list of portals that exist local existingPortals = {} for _, portal in ipairs(portals) do local portalTitle = mw.title.new(portal,"Portal") -- if portal exists, put it into list if portalTitle and exists(portalTitle) then table.insert(existingPortals,portal) -- otherwise set tracking cat elseif trackingEnabled then trackingCat = "[[Category:Portal templates with redlinked portals]]" end end -- If redlinks is off, use portal list purged of redlinks portals = args.redlinks and portals or existingPortals -- if nothing left after purge, set tracking cat if #portals == 0 and trackingEnabled then trackingCat = trackingCat.."[[Category:Pages with empty portal template]]" end end return portals, trackingCat, errMsg end local function portalBox(args) return mw.html.create('ul') :attr('role', 'navigation') :attr('aria-label', 'Portals') :addClass('noprint') :addClass(args.error and '' or sandboxVersion('portalbox')) :addClass(args.border and sandboxVersion('portalborder') or '') :addClass(sandboxVersion(args.left and 'portalleft' or 'portalright')) :css('margin', args.margin or nil) :newline() end local function fillBox(root, contents) for _, item in ipairs(contents) do local entry = root:tag('li') entry:addClass(sandboxVersion('portalbox-entry')) local image = entry:tag('span') image:addClass(sandboxVersion('portalbox-image')) image:wikitext(item[1]) local link = entry:tag('span') link:addClass(sandboxVersion('portalbox-link')) link:wikitext(item[2]) end return root end local function noviewer(portalImage) -- Function to add noviewer class to filespec for portalImage local portalImage, hasClass = mw.ustring.gsub(portalImage, "class%s*=[^%|]+", "%0 noviewer") if hasClass == 0 then portalImage = portalImage.."|class=noviewer" end return portalImage end function p._portal(portals, args) -- This function builds the portal box used by the {{portal}} template. -- Normalize all arguments if args.redlinks == 'include' then args.redlinks = true end args.addBreak = args['break'] for key, default in pairs({left=false,tracking=true,nominimum=false, redlinks=false,addBreak=false,border=true}) do if args[key] == nil then args[key] = default end args[key] = yesno(args[key], default) end local root = portalBox(args) local trackingCat = '' local errMsg = nil args.minPortals = args.nominimum and 0 or 1 args.maxPortals = -1 portals, trackingCat, errMsg = p._checkPortals(portals, args) root:wikitext(trackingCat) -- if error message, put it in the box and return if errMsg then if args.border then -- suppress error message when border=no args.error = true -- recreate box without fancy formatting root = portalBox(args) root:wikitext(trackingCat) local errTag = root:tag('strong') errTag:addClass('error') errTag:css('padding','0.2em') errTag:wikitext('Error: '..errMsg) end return tostring(root) end -- if no portals (and no error), just return tracking category if #portals == 0 then return trackingCat end local contents = {} -- Display the portals specified in the positional arguments. local defaultUsed = nil for _, portal in ipairs(portals) do local portalImage = getImageName(portal) if portalImage == defaultImage then defaultUsed = portal else portalImage = noviewer(portalImage) end local image = string.format('[[File:%s|32x28px]]', portalImage) local link = string.format('[[Portal:%s|%s%sportal]]', portal, portal, args.addBreak and '<br />' or ' ') table.insert(contents, {image, link}) end if defaultUsed and args.tracking and checkTracking() then local cat = string.format('[[Category:Portal templates with default image|%s]]', defaultUsed) root:wikitext(cat) end return tostring(fillBox(root, contents)) end function p._demo(imageList, args) for key, default in pairs({left=false,border=true}) do if args[key] == nil then args[key] = default end args[key] = yesno(args[key], default) end local root = portalBox(args) local contents = {} -- Display the portals specified in the positional arguments. for _, fn in ipairs(imageList) do local image = string.format('[[File:%s|32x28px]]',noviewer(fn)) local link = string.format('[[:File:%s|%s]]',fn,fn) table.insert(contents,{image,link}) end return tostring(fillBox(root,contents)) end function p._image(portal,keep) -- Wrapper function to allow getImageName() to be accessed through #invoke. -- backward compatibility: if table passed, take first element if type(portal) == 'table' then portal = portal[1] end local name = getImageName(portal) -- If keep is yes (or equivalent), then allow all metadata (like image borders) to be returned -- also, add "noviewer" class to metadata local keepargs = yesno(keep) if keepargs then return noviewer(name) end -- otherwise, just keep filename, plus optional category local args = mw.text.split(name, "|", true) local result = {args[1]} -- the filename always comes first local category = '' -- parse name, looking for category arguments for i = 2,#args do local m = mw.ustring.match(args[i], "^%s*category%s*=") if m then table.insert(result, args[i]) end end -- reassemble arguments return table.concat(result,"|") end local function getAllImageTable() -- Returns an array containing all image subpages (minus aliases) as loaded by mw.loadData. local images = {} for i, subpage in ipairs{'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z', 'other'} do local imageTable = mw.loadData('Module:Portal/images/' .. subpage .. sandbox) for portal, image in pairs(imageTable) do local args = mw.text.split(image,"|") images[portal] = args[1] -- just use image filename end end return images end function p._displayAll(portals, args) -- This function displays all portals that have portal images. This function is for maintenance purposes and should not be used in -- articles, for two reasons: 1) there are over 1500 portals with portal images, and 2) the module doesn't record how the portal -- names are capitalized, so the portal links may be broken. local lang = mw.language.getContentLanguage() portals = portals or {} for portal in pairs(getAllImageTable()) do table.insert(portals,lang:ucfirst(portal)) end table.sort(portals) args.redlinks = args.redlinks or "yes" return p._portal(portals, args) end function p._imageDupes() -- This function searches the image subpages to find duplicate images. If duplicate images exist, it is not necessarily a bad thing, -- as different portals might just happen to choose the same image. However, this function is helpful in identifying images that -- should be moved to a portal alias for ease of maintenance. local exists, dupes = {}, {} for portal, image in pairs(getAllImageTable()) do if not exists[image] then exists[image] = portal else table.insert(dupes, string.format('The image "[[:File:%s|%s]]" is used for both portals "%s" and "%s".', image, image, exists[image], portal)) end end if #dupes < 1 then return 'No duplicate images found.' else return 'The following duplicate images were found:\n* ' .. table.concat(dupes, '\n* ') end end local function processPortalArgs(args) -- This function processes a table of arguments and returns two tables: an array of portal names for processing by ipairs, and a table of -- the named arguments that specify style options, etc. We need to use ipairs because we want to list all the portals in the order -- they were passed to the template, but we also want to be able to deal with positional arguments passed explicitly, for example -- {{portal|2=Politics}}. The behaviour of ipairs is undefined if nil values are present, so we need to make sure they are all removed. args = type(args) == 'table' and args or {} local portals = {} local namedArgs = {} for k, v in pairs(args) do if type(k) == 'number' and type(v) == 'string' then -- Make sure we have no non-string portal names. table.insert(portals, k) elseif type(k) ~= 'number' then namedArgs[k] = v end end table.sort(portals) for i, v in ipairs(portals) do portals[i] = args[v] end return portals, namedArgs end -- Entry point for sorting portals from other named arguments function p._processPortalArgs(args) return processPortalArgs(args) end function p.image(frame) local origArgs = getArgs(frame) local portals, args = processPortalArgs(origArgs) return p._image(portals[1],args.border) end function p.demo(frame) local args = getArgs(frame) local styles = frame:extensionTag{ name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = templatestyles} } return styles..p._demo(args,args) end local function makeWrapper(funcName) -- Processes external arguments and sends them to the other functions. return function (frame) -- If called via #invoke, use the args passed into the invoking -- template, or the args passed to #invoke if any exist. Otherwise -- assume args are being passed directly in from the debug console -- or from another Lua module. -- Also: trim whitespace and remove blank arguments local origArgs = getArgs(frame) -- create two tables to pass to func: an array of portal names, and a table of named arguments. local portals, args = processPortalArgs(origArgs) local results = '' if funcName == '_portal' or funcName == '_displayAll' then results = frame:extensionTag{ name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = templatestyles} } end return results .. p[funcName](portals, args) end end for _, funcName in ipairs{'portal', 'imageDupes', 'displayAll'} do p[funcName] = makeWrapper('_' .. funcName) end return p 17la7cpkbw894t9i08xfqc16pd5ncik 828 127372 1322954 2026-08-06T14:18:13Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{High-use|demo=Module:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}}} {{module rating|protected}} {{Lua|Module:Yesno|Module:Arguments}} {{uses TemplateStyles|Module:Portal/styles.css}} This module has two functions, <code>portal</code> and <code>image</code>. The <code>portal</code> produces a box with links to a [[Portal:Contents/Portals|portal]] or to multiple portals, and is used by the {{tl|portal}} template. It is most often used in the "See also" section of an article. The <code>image...' 1322954 wikitext text/x-wiki {{High-use|demo=Module:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}}} {{module rating|protected}} {{Lua|Module:Yesno|Module:Arguments}} {{uses TemplateStyles|Module:Portal/styles.css}} This module has two functions, <code>portal</code> and <code>image</code>. The <code>portal</code> produces a box with links to a [[Portal:Contents/Portals|portal]] or to multiple portals, and is used by the {{tl|portal}} template. It is most often used in the "See also" section of an article. The <code>image</code> function produces the name of the image used by the specified portal. See [[Template:Portal/testcases|here]], [[Template:Portal-inline/testcases|here]], and [[Template:Portal bar/testcases|here]] for test cases. == Portal function == The portal function produces a box of portal links. {{Portal/doc|type=module}} == Image function == The image function produces the name of the image used by the specified portal. === Usage === <code>&#123;&#123;#invoke:Portal|image|''portal''&#125;&#125;</code> === Example === * <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Portal|image|Art}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{#invoke:Portal|image|Art}} == Image dupes function == The image dupes function returns a list of all images that are being used by more than one portal (aliases are not included). This can be helpful in identifying image entries that should be changed to use aliases. === Usage === <code>&#123;&#123;#invoke:Portal|imageDupes&#125;&#125;</code> == Display all function == The display all function returns a box containing all portals that have images. This is used for maintenance, and should not be displayed in articles, because a) there are around 1000 portals with images, and displaying 1000 images on one page takes up a lot of server resources, and b) the module has no way to know the correct capitalisation of a portal name, so some links to portals will be broken. The output of this function can be seen at [[Template:Portal/doc/all]]. === Usage === <code>&#123;&#123;#invoke:Portal|displayAll&#125;&#125;</code> <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| [[Category:Box modules]] }}</includeonly> [[Category:Module documentation pages]] 2lsxax4v7la76gr9zpcrbqqh5k5s73c 10 127373 1322955 2026-08-06T14:19:05Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '<includeonly>{{#invoke:Graphic novel list|row}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude>' 1322955 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Graphic novel list|row}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> ruvhtpolnti4nbubmwlih9hvmshsfst 10 127374 1322956 2026-08-06T14:19:22Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} {{Lua|Module:Check isxn|Module:Graphic novel list}} ==Usage== This template is part of a family of templates, and should be used in conjunction with {{tl|Graphic novel list/header}} and {{tl|Graphic novel list/footer}}, like so: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Graphic novel list/header | parameter = value }} {{Graphic novel list | parameter = value }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}}</syntaxhighlight> Alternative usage: <s...' 1322956 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} {{Lua|Module:Check isxn|Module:Graphic novel list}} ==Usage== This template is part of a family of templates, and should be used in conjunction with {{tl|Graphic novel list/header}} and {{tl|Graphic novel list/footer}}, like so: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Graphic novel list/header | parameter = value }} {{Graphic novel list | parameter = value }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}}</syntaxhighlight> Alternative usage: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Graphic novel list/header |{{Graphic novel list | parameter = value }} {{Graphic novel list | parameter = value }} }}</syntaxhighlight> ==Parameters== {| class="wikitable" |+Parameters for Template:Graphic novel list !scope="col" style="text-align: center" | Parameter !scope="col" style="text-align: center" | Use |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background: #F5F5F5; color:black;" | {{tl|Graphic novel list/header}} |- |scope="row"|Caption |A required table caption. See [[MOS:TABLECAPTION]] for accessibility best practices and requirements. |- | episodes |rowspan=2|'''Only use one of these parameters!''' These parameters both do the same thing and are used to place the list of {{t|Graphic novel list}} templates within it. See the usage at the top of the documentation. |- | 1 |- | OneLanguage | '''Values:''' "yes" (case-sensitive)<br />When this parameter is set to "yes", this template will produce a three- or four-column view, ideal for displaying information when only the original language has a release. Setting this to anything else or omitting it entirely will produce a four- or five-column view, ideal for displaying information about original-language and licensed-language releases. |- | Language | '''Values:''' any<br />This is the language of origin. In three-column views, this defaults to nothing; in five-column views, this defaults to "Original". |- | SecondLanguage | '''Values:''' any<br />This is the licensed language. This displays only in five-column views, where it defaults to "English". |- | Width | '''Values:''' an integer number greater than zero or a percentage from 0% to 100%<br />Determines the width of the table. Defaults to "98%". |- | LineColor | '''Values:''' a hex color value of the form "RGB" or "RRGGBB"<br />To separate the header from the main body of the table, a three-pixel colored border is added to the bottom; this determines the color of the border. Defaults to "CCF". |- | WithTitle | '''Values:''' "yes" (case-sensitive)<br />When this parameter is set to "yes", this template will produce a four-column view, ideal for displaying information when the individual volumes have names. Setting this to anything else or omitting it entirely will produce a three- or five-column view, ideal for displaying information about volumes without names. |- | Clear | '''Values:''' "no"<br />When this parameter is set, this template will not automatically clear floating tables and divs (this effect can also be achieved by setting a custom width). |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background: #F5F5F5; color:black;" | {{tl|Graphic novel list}} |- | VolumeNumber | '''Values:''' any valid HTML ID (A-Z, a-z, 0-9, _, -, :, .), usually numeric<br />A volume number. This parameter also creates an HTML anchor which can be linked to from other pages, prefixed with "vol"; for example, <code><nowiki>[[List of chapters#vol01]]</nowiki></code>. |- | Series<br /><small>(Optional)</small> | '''Values:''' any valid HTML ID<br />A non-printing parameter which is prefixed to the HTML anchor ID defined by VolumeNumber; for example, if defined as "alt" with a VolumeNumber of "02", the anchor becomes "#altvol02". |- | RelDate<br />OriginalRelDate<br /><small>(Optional)</small> | '''Values:''' any, usually a date<br />The release date of the original-language work. Both parameters define the same thing. If more than one release date is necessary, separate each with <code><nowiki><br /></nowiki></code>. |- | LicensedRelDate<br /><small>(Optional)</small> | '''Values:''' any, usually a date<br />The release date of the licensed-language work. If more than one release date is necessary, separate each with <code><nowiki><br /></nowiki></code>.<br />If both LicensedRelDate and LicensedISBN are empty, the template will yield output appropriate for one-language view. Manually insert an [[em-dash]] (—) in LicensedRelDate (but leave LicensedISBN empty) to overcome this, if a two-language view is desired. |- | ISBN<br />OriginalISBN<br /><small>(Optional)</small> | '''Values:''' a valid ISBN-10 or ISBN-13 number<br />The ISBN of the original-language work. This should be only the number; the template prefixes ISBN automatically, to link it with [[Special:Booksources]]. |- | LicensedISBN<br /><small>(Optional)</small> | '''Values:''' a valid ISBN-10 or ISBN-13 number<br />The ISBN of the licensed-language work. As with ISBN/OriginalISBN, this should only be the number.<br />If both LicensedRelDate and LicensedISBN are empty, the template will yield output appropriate for one-language view. Manually insert an [[em-dash]] (—) in LicensedRelDate (but leave LicensedISBN empty) to overcome this, if a two-language view is desired. |- | ChapterList<br />ChapterListCol1<br /><small>(Optional)</small> | '''Values:''' a formatted list of chapters<br />A list of chapters from the volume, with specific chapter names in quotation marks.<br />If ChapterListCol2 is defined, this will occupy just over half its row; otherwise, it will occupy an entire row. |- | ChapterListCol2<br /><small>(Optional)</small> | '''Values:''' a formatted list of chapters<br />A second list of chapters from the volume, with specific chapter names in quotation marks.<br />If ChapterList or ChapterListCol1 is defined, this will occupy just under half its row; otherwise, it will not be displayed. |- | Summary<br /><small>(Optional)</small> | '''Values:''' any<br />A summary of the volume.<br />Occupies an entire row. |- | LineColor<br /><small>(Optional)</small> | '''Values:''' a hex color value of the form "RGB" or "RRGGBB"<br />In a table containing a chapter list and/or a summary, three-pixel colored borders are added to the bottoms of individual volume releases to separate them; this determines the color of the border. Defaults to "CCF". |- | OriginalTitle<br /><small>(Optional)</small> | '''Values:''' any<br />The original language title of the volume. Use only if [[transliteration]] is required.<br />If all title parameters are empty, the template will yield output appropriate for three- or four-column view. |- | TranslitTitle<br /><small>(Optional)</small> | '''Values:''' any<br />The original language title of the volume, [[Transliteration|transliterated]] if necessary.<br />If all title parameters are empty, the template will yield output appropriate for three- or four-column view. |- | Title<br />LicensedTitle<br /><small>(Optional)</small> | '''Values:''' any<br />The title of the volume in its licensed release.<br />If all title parameters are empty, the template will yield output appropriate for three- or four-column view. |- | SublistOf<br /><small>(Optional)</small> | '''Values:''' any<br />If this matches the name of the page the table is displayed on, for example through [[Wikipedia:transclusion|transclusion]], chapter lists and summaries are hidden. |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background: #F5F5F5; color:black;" | {{tl|Graphic novel list/footer}}<br /><small>This template has no parameters.</small> |} ==Examples== ===One language without titles=== ;Basic use <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Graphic novel list/header | OneLanguage = yes }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 00 | RelDate = December 31, 1969 | ISBN = 9784000000000 }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Graphic novel list/header | OneLanguage = yes }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 00 | RelDate = December 31, 1969 | ISBN = 9784000000000 }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}} ;All parameters filled in <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Graphic novel list/header | OneLanguage = yes | Language = English | Width = 80% | LineColor = FCC }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 00 | RelDate = December 12, 2012 | ISBN = 9781000000009 | ChapterListCol1 = * 001. "Former Part" | ChapterListCol2 = * 002. "Latter Part" | Summary = The story was moved forward and characters were developed. | LineColor = FCC }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Graphic novel list/header | OneLanguage = yes | Language = English | Width = 80% | LineColor = FCC }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 00 | RelDate = December 12, 2012 | ISBN = 9781000000009 | ChapterListCol1 = * 001. "Former Part" | ChapterListCol2 = * 002. "Latter Part" | Summary = The story was moved forward and characters were developed. | LineColor = FCC }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}} ===Two languages without titles=== ;Basic use <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Graphic novel list/header}} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 00 | OriginalRelDate = December 31, 1969 | OriginalISBN = 9784000000000 | LicensedRelDate = December 12, 2012 | LicensedISBN = 9781000000009 }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Graphic novel list/header}} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 00 | OriginalRelDate = December 31, 1969 | OriginalISBN = 9784000000000 | LicensedRelDate = December 12, 2012 | LicensedISBN = 9781000000009 }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}} ;All parameters filled in <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Graphic novel list/header | Language = Japanese | SecondLanguage = North American | Width = 80% | LineColor = FCC }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 00 | OriginalRelDate = December 31, 1969 | OriginalISBN = 9784000000000 | LicensedRelDate = December 12, 2012 | LicensedISBN = 9781000000009 | ChapterListCol1 = * 001. {{nihongo|"Former Part"|前編|"Zenpen"}} | ChapterListCol2 = * 002. {{nihongo|"Latter Part"|後編|"Kōhen"}} | Summary = The story was moved forward and characters were developed. | LineColor = FCC }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Graphic novel list/header | Language = Japanese | SecondLanguage = North American | Width = 80% | LineColor = FCC }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 00 | OriginalRelDate = December 31, 1969 | OriginalISBN = 9784000000000 | LicensedRelDate = December 12, 2012 | LicensedISBN = 9781000000009 | ChapterListCol1 = * 001. {{nihongo|"Former Part"|前編|"Zenpen"}} | ChapterListCol2 = * 002. {{nihongo|"Latter Part"|後編|"Kōhen"}} | Summary = The story was moved forward and characters were developed. | LineColor = FCC }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}} ===One language with titles=== ;Basic use <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Graphic novel list/header | OneLanguage = yes | WithTitle = yes }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 00 | RelDate = December 31, 1969 | ISBN = 9784000000000 | Title = Title }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Graphic novel list/header | OneLanguage = yes | WithTitle = yes }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 00 | RelDate = December 31, 1969 | ISBN = 9784000000000 | Title = Title }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}} ;All parameters filled in <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Graphic novel list/header | OneLanguage = yes | WithTitle = yes | Language = Japanese | SecondLanguage = North American | Width = 80% | LineColor = FCC }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 00 | RelDate = December 12, 2012 | ISBN = 9781000000009 | ChapterListCol1 = * 001. "Former Part" | ChapterListCol2 = * 002. "Latter Part" | Summary = The story was moved forward and characters were developed. | LineColor = FCC | Title = Title }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Graphic novel list/header | OneLanguage = yes | WithTitle = yes | Language = Japanese | SecondLanguage = North American | Width = 80% | LineColor = FCC }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 00 | RelDate = December 12, 2012 | ISBN = 9781000000009 | ChapterListCol1 = * 001. "Former Part" | ChapterListCol2 = * 002. "Latter Part" | Summary = The story was moved forward and characters were developed. | LineColor = FCC | Title = Title }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}} ===Two languages with titles=== ;Basic use <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Graphic novel list/header | WithTitle = yes }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 00 | OriginalRelDate = December 31, 1969 | OriginalISBN = 9784000000000 | LicensedRelDate = December 31, 1970 | LicensedISBN = 9784000000001 | OriginalTitle = Original Title | LicensedTitle = Licensed Title | TranslitTitle = Transliterated Title }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Graphic novel list/header | WithTitle = yes }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 00 | OriginalRelDate = December 31, 1969 | OriginalISBN = 9784000000000 | LicensedRelDate = December 31, 1970 | LicensedISBN = 9784000000001 | OriginalTitle = Original Title | LicensedTitle = Licensed Title | TranslitTitle = Transliterated Title }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}} ;All parameters filled in <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Graphic novel list/header | WithTitle = yes | Language = Japanese | SecondLanguage = North American | Width = 80% | LineColor = FCC }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 00 | OriginalRelDate = December 31, 1969 | OriginalISBN = 9784000000000 | LicensedRelDate = December 31, 1970 | LicensedISBN = 9784000000001 | ChapterListCol1 = * 001. {{nihongo|"Former Part"|前編|"Zenpen"}} | ChapterListCol2 = * 002. {{nihongo|"Latter Part"|後編|"Kōhen"}} | Summary = The story was moved forward and characters were developed. | LineColor = FCC | OriginalTitle = Original Title | LicensedTitle = Licensed Title | TranslitTitle = Transliterated Title }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Graphic novel list/header | WithTitle = yes | Language = Japanese | SecondLanguage = North American | Width = 80% | LineColor = FCC }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 00 | OriginalRelDate = December 31, 1969 | OriginalISBN = 9784000000000 | LicensedRelDate = December 31, 1970 | LicensedISBN = 9784000000001 | ChapterListCol1 = * 001. {{nihongo|"Former Part"|前編|"Zenpen"}} | ChapterListCol2 = * 002. {{nihongo|"Latter Part"|後編|"Kōhen"}} | Summary = The story was moved forward and characters were developed. | LineColor = FCC | OriginalTitle = Original Title | LicensedTitle = Licensed Title | TranslitTitle = Transliterated Title }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}} ==Notes== *ISBNs may be given in either unhyphenated format (for example, 9781000000009) or hyphenated format (978-1-00-000000-9). If converting an unhyphenated ISBN to a hyphenated one, you can use the [http://www.isbn-international.org/converter/ranges.htm reference list of group and publisher numbers], provided by the International ISBN Agency, or one of several [http://www.bisg.org/isbn-13/converters.html online converters]. *Apostrophes in the {{para|SublistOf}} parameter need to be replaced by <code>&amp;#39;</code> due to a bug in the underlying software. ==TemplateData== {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "One of three templates for formatting of lists of graphic novels", "params": { "VolumeNumber": { "label": "Volume number", "description": "A volume number. This parameter also creates an HTML anchor which can be linked to from other pages, prefixed with 'vol'.", "required": true, "type": "string" }, "Series": { "label": "Graphic novel series", "description": "A non-printing parameter which is prefixed to the HTML anchor ID defined by VolumeNumber; for example, if defined as 'alt' with a VolumeNumber of '02', the anchor becomes '#altvol02'.", "required": false, "type": "string" }, "OriginalRelDate": { "label": "Original release date", "description": "The release date of the original-language work. Both parameters define the same thing. If more than one release date is necessary, separate each with <br />. ", "required": false, "type": "string", "aliases": ["RelDate"] }, "LicensedRelDate": { "label": "Licensed-language work release date", "description": "The release date of the licensed-language work. If more than one release date is necessary, separate each with <br />.\n If both LicensedRelDate and LicensedISBN are empty, the template will yield output appropriate for one-language view. Manually insert an em-dash (—) in LicensedRelDate (but leave LicensedISBN empty) to overcome this, if a two-language view is desired.", "required": false, "type": "string" }, "OriginalISBN": { "label": "ISBN of original-language work", "description": "The ISBN of the original-language work. This should be only the number; the template prefixes ISBN automatically, to link it with Special:Booksources.", "required": false, "type": "string", "aliases": ["ISBN"] }, "LicensedISBN": { "label": "ISBN of licensed-language work", "description": "The ISBN of the licensed-language work. As with ISBN/OriginalISBN, this should only be the number.\nIf both LicensedRelDate and LicensedISBN are empty, the template will yield output appropriate for one-language view. Manually insert an em-dash (—) in LicensedRelDate (but leave LicensedISBN empty) to overcome this, if a two-language view is desired. ", "required": false, "type": "string" }, "ChapterList": { "label": "List of chapters", "description": "A list of chapters from the volume, with specific chapter names in quotation marks. If ChapterListCol2 is defined, this will occupy just over half its row; otherwise, it will occupy an entire row.", "required": false, "type": "string", "aliases": ["ChapterListCol1"] }, "ChapterListCol2": { "label": "Second list of chapters", "description": "A second list of chapters from the volume, with specific chapter names in quotation marks. If ChapterList or ChapterListCol1 is defined, this will occupy just under half its row; otherwise, it will not be displayed.", "required": false, "type": "string" }, "Summary": { "label": "", "description": "A summary of the volume. Occupies an entire row.", "required": false, "type": "string" }, "LineColor": { "label": "Volume separator color", "description": "In a table containing a chapter list and/or a summary, three-pixel colored borders are added to the bottoms of individual volume releases to separate them; this determines the color of the border. Values: a hex color value of the form 'RGB' or 'RRGGBB'. Defaults to 'CCF'.", "required": false, "type": "string" }, "OriginalTitle": { "label": "Original title before transliteration", "description": "The original language title of the volume. Use only if transliteration is required.\nIf all title parameters are empty, the template will yield output appropriate for three- or four-column view.", "required": false, "type": "string" }, "TranslitTitle": { "label": "Original title after transliteration", "description": "The original language title of the volume, transliterated if necessary.\nIf all title parameters are empty, the template will yield output appropriate for three- or four-column view. ", "required": false, "type": "string" }, "Title": { "label": "Title of the volume", "description": "The title of the volume in its licensed release.\nIf all title parameters are empty, the template will yield output appropriate for three- or four-column view. ", "required": false, "type": "string", "aliases": ["LicensedTitle"] }, "SublistOf": { "label": "Containing list", "description": "If this matches the name of the page the table is displayed on, for example through transclusion, chapter lists and summaries are hidden.", "required": false, "type": "string" } } } </templatedata> ==See also== *{{tl|Book list}} *{{tl|Episode list}} ===Sub-template sandboxes=== *[[Template:Graphic novel list/header/sandbox]] *[[Template:Graphic novel list/footer/sandbox]] <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| [[Category:Anime and manga templates]] [[Category:Comic book inline templates]] }}</includeonly> n65yp2orqbypraqyuso4fx5yllbwkmu 828 127375 1322957 2026-08-06T14:20:03Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'local p = {} local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs local function notBlank(v) return (v or '') ~= '' end local function firstNotBlank(...) for i = 1, select('#', ...) do local v = select(i, ...) if notBlank(v) then return v end end end local function eq(a, b) return notBlank(a) and a == b end local function isbn(frame, code) return frame:expandTemplate{ title = 'ISBNT', args = { code } } end function p._header(args) local ou...' 1322957 Scribunto text/plain local p = {} local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs local function notBlank(v) return (v or '') ~= '' end local function firstNotBlank(...) for i = 1, select('#', ...) do local v = select(i, ...) if notBlank(v) then return v end end end local function eq(a, b) return notBlank(a) and a == b end local function isbn(frame, code) return frame:expandTemplate{ title = 'ISBNT', args = { code } } end function p._header(args) local out = setmetatable({}, { __call = function(t, s) table.insert(t, s) end }) local width = firstNotBlank(args.Width, args.width) out('{|class="wikitable" style="width:' .. firstNotBlank(width, '100%') .. ';') if not notBlank(width) then out('margin:auto;') end if not (notBlank(width) or notBlank(args.Clear)) then out('clear:both;') end out('"') if notBlank(args.Caption) then out('|+ ' .. args.Caption) end out('|-style="border-bottom:3px solid #' .. (args.LineColor or 'CCF') .. '"') out('!width=4%|<abbr title="Number">No.</abbr>') local withTitle = args.WithTitle == 'yes' if withTitle then out('!width=48%|Title') end if args.OneLanguage == 'yes' then out('!width=' .. (withTitle and 24 or 48) .. '%|' .. (notBlank(args.Language) and (args.Language .. ' r') or 'R') .. 'elease date') out('!width=' .. (withTitle and 24 or 48) .. '%|' .. (args.Language or '') .. ' ISBN') else -- two languages out('!width=24%|Original release date') if not withTitle then out('!width=24%|Original ISBN') end out('!width=24%|' .. firstNotBlank(args.SecondLanguage, 'English') .. ' release date') if not withTitle then out('!width=24%|' .. firstNotBlank(args.SecondLanguage, 'English') .. ' ISBN') end end if notBlank(args[1]) or notBlank(args.episodes) then out('<nowiki />') out(args[1] or '') out(args.episodes or '') end return table.concat(out, '|}\n') end function p.header(frame) return p._header(getArgs(frame)) end function p._row(args, frame) if frame == nil then frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() end local out = setmetatable({}, { __call = function(t, s) table.insert(t, s) end }) out('<tr style="text-align:center;">') out( string.format( '<th scope="row" id="%svol%s" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;background-color:transparent;color:var(--color-base);">%s</th>', args.Series or '', args.VolumeNumber or '', args.VolumeNumber or '' ) ) -- Title -- local hasTitle = notBlank(args.LicensedTitle) or notBlank(args.TranslitTitle) or notBlank(args.OriginalTitle) or notBlank(args.Title) if hasTitle then out('<td style="text-align:left;">') if notBlank(args.LicensedTitle) or notBlank(args.Title) then out('<i>' .. (firstNotBlank(args.LicensedTitle, args.Title) or '') .. '</i>') if notBlank(args.TranslitTitle) or notBlank(args.OriginalTitle) then out('<br/>') end end if notBlank(args.TranslitTitle) then out('<i>' .. args.TranslitTitle .. '</i>') if notBlank(args.OriginalTitle) then out(' (' .. args.OriginalTitle .. ')') end elseif notBlank(args.OriginalTitle) then out(args.OriginalTitle) end out('</td>') else out('<td>') out(firstNotBlank(args.OriginalRelDate, args.RelDate) or '&mdash;') out('</td>') end -- Release/ISBN slot 1 -- local relDate = firstNotBlank(args.OriginalRelDate, args.RelDate) local ISBNcode = firstNotBlank(args.OriginalISBN, args.ISBN) local hasLicensed = notBlank(args.LicensedRelDate) or notBlank(args.LicensedISBN) local function renderISBN(code, note, alt) return notBlank(code) and (isbn(frame, code) .. (notBlank(note) and (' ' .. note) or '')) or (alt or '&mdash;') end out('<td>') if hasTitle then if notBlank(relDate) or notBlank(ISBNcode) then if eq(relDate, ISBNcode) then out(relDate) else if notBlank(relDate) then out(relDate) if hasLicensed and notBlank(ISBNcode) then out('<br/>') end end if hasLicensed then out(renderISBN(ISBNcode, args.ISBN_note, '')) elseif not notBlank(relDate) then out('&mdash;') end end else out('&mdash;') end else out(renderISBN(ISBNcode, args.ISBN_note)) end out('</td>') -- Release/ISBN slot 2 -- if hasTitle then out('<td>') if hasLicensed then if eq(args.LicensedRelDate, args.LicensedISBN) then out(args.LicensedRelDate) else if notBlank(args.LicensedRelDate) then out(args.LicensedRelDate) if notBlank(args.LicensedISBN) then out('<br/>') end end out(renderISBN(args.LicensedISBN, args.LicensedISBN_note, '')) end else out(renderISBN(firstNotBlank(args.OriginalISBN, args.ISBN), args.ISBN_note)) end out('</td>') elseif hasLicensed then out('<td>' .. firstNotBlank(args.LicensedRelDate, '&mdash;') .. '</td>') out('<td>' .. renderISBN(args.LicensedISBN, args.LicensedISBN_note) .. '</td>') end out('</tr>') -- chapter list/summary -- if args.SublistOf ~= mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text then local colspan = hasTitle and 4 or hasLicensed and 5 or 3 if notBlank(args.ChapterListCol1) or notBlank(args.ChapterList) then out( string.format( '<tr style="vertical-align:top;%s"><td colspan="%d"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width:100%%;background-color:transparent;color:var(--color-base);table-layout:fixed;text-align:left;"><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><caption>%s</caption><td style="border:black;">\n', notBlank(args.Summary) and '' or 'border-bottom:3px solid #' .. (args.LineColor or 'CCF') .. ';', colspan, args.Caption or '' ) ) out(firstNotBlank(args.ChapterListCol1, args.ChapterList) or '') if notBlank(args.ChapterListCol2) then out('</td>\n<td style="border:black;width:48%;">\n' .. args.ChapterListCol2) end out('</td></tr></table>\n</td></tr>') end if notBlank(args.Summary) then out( string.format( '<tr style="border-bottom:3px solid #%s;text-align:left;"><td colspan="%d">%s</td></tr>', args.LineColor or 'CCF', colspan, args.Summary ) ) end end return table.concat(out) end function p.row(frame) return p._row(getArgs(frame), frame) end function p.footer() return '</table>' end return p hj2fapr7yvtiiskkp58oud7wlsmpuo1 828 127376 1322958 2026-08-06T14:20:16Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Module rating|beta}} <!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata --> Implements {{tl|Graphic novel list}} and {{tl|Graphic novel list/header}}. == Usage == {{tl|Graphic novel list/header}}: <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>#invoke:Graphic novel list|header<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> {{tl|Graphic novel list}}: <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>#invoke:Graphic novel list|row<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!...' 1322958 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Module rating|beta}} <!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata --> Implements {{tl|Graphic novel list}} and {{tl|Graphic novel list/header}}. == Usage == {{tl|Graphic novel list/header}}: <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>#invoke:Graphic novel list|header<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> {{tl|Graphic novel list}}: <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>#invoke:Graphic novel list|row<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata --> }}</includeonly> <noinclude> [[Category:Module documentation pages]] </noinclude> aj3pdtimjtzc841qwv2cf4ocneluvxb 10 127377 1322959 2026-08-06T14:20:49Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{|class="wikitable" style="width:{{#if:{{{Width|{{{width|}}}}}}|{{{Width|{{{width}}}}}}|100%}}; {{#if:{{{Width|{{{width|}}}}}}||margin:auto;}}{{#if:{{{Width|{{{width|}}}}}}{{{Clear|}}}||clear: both;}}" {{#if:{{{Caption|}}}|{{!}}+{{{Caption}}}}} |-style="border-bottom: 3px solid #{{{LineColor|CCF}}}" !width=4%|<abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> {{#ifeq:{{{OneLanguage}}}|yes|{{#ifeq:{{{WithTitle|}}}|yes|!width=48%{{!}}Title}} !width={{#ifeq:{{{WithTitle|}}}|yes|24|48}}...' 1322959 wikitext text/x-wiki {|class="wikitable" style="width:{{#if:{{{Width|{{{width|}}}}}}|{{{Width|{{{width}}}}}}|100%}}; {{#if:{{{Width|{{{width|}}}}}}||margin:auto;}}{{#if:{{{Width|{{{width|}}}}}}{{{Clear|}}}||clear: both;}}" {{#if:{{{Caption|}}}|{{!}}+{{{Caption}}}}} |-style="border-bottom: 3px solid #{{{LineColor|CCF}}}" !width=4%|<abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> {{#ifeq:{{{OneLanguage}}}|yes|{{#ifeq:{{{WithTitle|}}}|yes|!width=48%{{!}}Title}} !width={{#ifeq:{{{WithTitle|}}}|yes|24|48}}%{{!}}{{#if:{{{Language|}}}|{{{Language}}} r|R}}elease date !width={{#ifeq:{{{WithTitle|}}}|yes|24|48}}%{{!}}{{{Language|}}} ISBN |{{#ifeq:{{{WithTitle|}}}|yes|!width=48%{{!}}Title}} !width=24%{{!}}Original release date {{#ifeq:{{{WithTitle|}}}|yes||!width=24%{{!}}Original ISBN}} !width=24%{{!}}{{{SecondLanguage|English}}} release date {{#ifeq:{{{WithTitle|}}}|yes||!width=24%{{!}}{{{SecondLanguage|English}}} ISBN}} }}{{#if:{{{1|}}}{{{episodes|}}}|<nowiki /> {{{1|}}}{{{episodes|}}} {{!)}} }}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation}} </noinclude> ka99fvjr5ffvbeephx9cyzm4bz9jg2h 1323045 1322959 2026-08-06T19:28:48Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 1323045 wikitext text/x-wiki {|class="wikitable" style="width:{{#if:{{{Width|{{{width|}}}}}}|{{{Width|{{{width}}}}}}|100%}}; {{#if:{{{Width|{{{width|}}}}}}||margin:auto;}}{{#if:{{{Width|{{{width|}}}}}}{{{Clear|}}}||clear: both;}}" {{#if:{{{Caption|}}}|{{!}}+{{{Caption}}}}} |-style="border-bottom: 3px solid #{{{LineColor|CCF}}}" !width=4%|<abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> {{#ifeq:{{{OneLanguage}}}|yes|{{#ifeq:{{{WithTitle|}}}|yes|!width=48%{{!}}Title}} !width={{#ifeq:{{{WithTitle|}}}|yes|24|48}}%{{!}}{{#if:{{{Language|}}}|{{{Language}}} r|R}}elease date !width={{#ifeq:{{{WithTitle|}}}|yes|24|48}}%{{!}}{{{Language|}}} ISBN |{{#ifeq:{{{WithTitle|}}}|yes|!width=48%{{!}}Title}} !width=24%{{!}}Dáta scaoilte bunaidh {{#ifeq:{{{WithTitle|}}}|yes||!width=24%{{!}}ISBN Bunaidh}} !width=24%{{!}}Dáta scaoilte {{{SecondLanguage|Béarla}}} {{#ifeq:{{{WithTitle|}}}|yes||!width=24%{{!}}ISBN {{{SecondLanguage|Béarla}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{1|}}}{{{episodes|}}}|<nowiki /> {{{1|}}}{{{episodes|}}} {{!)}} }}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 7od3eeeijco1edenbkv8qogzj49mt09 10 127378 1322960 2026-08-06T14:21:02Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} <!-- Categories and interwikis go at the bottom of this page. --> This is a header for {{tl|Graphic novel list}}. Please see that page for the documentation. <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories and interwikis go here: --> [[fr:Modèle:TomeBD/Entête]] }}</includeonly>' 1322960 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} <!-- Categories and interwikis go at the bottom of this page. --> This is a header for {{tl|Graphic novel list}}. Please see that page for the documentation. <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories and interwikis go here: --> [[fr:Modèle:TomeBD/Entête]] }}</includeonly> tqn0puwd2lvsmtyl85673wp4kina0ya 10 127379 1322961 2026-08-06T14:21:29Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '<includeonly></table></includeonly>' 1322961 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly></table></includeonly> nuxtxtwtqbrvmiicj2bl0hvppgauz5d 1322965 1322961 2026-08-06T14:24:49Z Quinlan83 47440 Requesting deletion 1322965 wikitext text/x-wiki {{delete|Test page}}<includeonly></table></includeonly> o8n7vbphv6sbfs4r6k29b2mnypvyyoj 1322969 1322965 2026-08-06T14:30:36Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Not a test page. Necessary for Graphic novel list and Graphic novel list/header to work. 1322969 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly></table></includeonly> nuxtxtwtqbrvmiicj2bl0hvppgauz5d 10 127380 1322962 2026-08-06T14:22:55Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '<abbr {{#if:{{{class|}}}|class="{{{class}}}"}} {{#if:{{{id|}}}|id="{{{id}}}"}} {{#if:{{{style|}}}|style="{{{style}}}"}} title="{{#tag:nowiki|{{#invoke:String|replace|{{{2|}}}|"|&quot;}}}}">{{{1|}}}</abbr><noinclude>{{Documentation}} </noinclude>' 1322962 wikitext text/x-wiki <abbr {{#if:{{{class|}}}|class="{{{class}}}"}} {{#if:{{{id|}}}|id="{{{id}}}"}} {{#if:{{{style|}}}|style="{{{style}}}"}} title="{{#tag:nowiki|{{#invoke:String|replace|{{{2|}}}|"|&quot;}}}}">{{{1|}}}</abbr><noinclude>{{Documentation}} </noinclude> b6zvtcrye54kh0akzk3y1jq9lxg4lm6 10 127381 1322963 2026-08-06T14:23:09Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Categories go where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis go to Wikidata (see also: [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]). --> {{hatnote|For inline cleanup templates requesting definitions or explanations, see {{tl|Definition}} and {{tl|Explain}}.}} {{Cascade-protected template}} {{COinS safe|n}} {{High-use}} {{Bot use warning|bots=[[User:AAlertBot]]}} {{#ifeq:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}|Tooltip|{{Uses TemplateStyles|Template:Tooltip/styl...' 1322963 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Categories go where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis go to Wikidata (see also: [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]). --> {{hatnote|For inline cleanup templates requesting definitions or explanations, see {{tl|Definition}} and {{tl|Explain}}.}} {{Cascade-protected template}} {{COinS safe|n}} {{High-use}} {{Bot use warning|bots=[[User:AAlertBot]]}} {{#ifeq:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}|Tooltip|{{Uses TemplateStyles|Template:Tooltip/styles.css}}|{{lua|Module:String}}}} Wikipedia uses two separate templates to generate tooltips. The {{tl|abbr}} template is used to write an abbreviation (including an acronym or initialism) with its expanded meaning. It is a wrapper for the [[HTML]] [[HTML element#General phrase elements|element]] {{tag|abbr}}. The {{tl|tooltip}} template uses the {{tag|span|link=yes}} element to provide generic notes. '''Only use {{tnull|abbr}} or {{tag|abbr|o}} to mark up abbreviations (including acronyms and initialisms).''' Using it to generate tooltips elsewhere is a misuse of the underlying HTML and causes [[WP:Accessibility|accessibility]] problems. For general-purpose tooltips, use {{tlx|tooltip}} instead. Readers on '''mobile devices''' typically do not have a mouse to hover with, and so generally cannot see tooltip contents. As of 2023, [https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org/reading/total-page-views/normal&vert;bar&vert;2-year&vert;access~desktop*mobile-app*mobile-web&vert;monthly more English Wikipedia page views occur on mobile than on desktop browsers]. == Usage == {{tlc|{{BASEPAGENAME}}|text to display inline in the article|pop-up tip|_show_result=yes}} == Parameters == Two unnamed (positional) parameters (required) and three named parameters (optional): * {{para|1}} – the term to be explained; displays as text. [[Wiki markup]] is allowed but works more consistently when wrapping the template, see below for linking examples. * {{para|2}} – the tooltip/pop-up ('''no wiki or HTML markup allowed'''). The popup is created by an HTML <code>title=</code> attribute, so it cannot contain HTML (or markup that resolves to HTML when rendered). This includes simple things like <code><nowiki>''italics''</nowiki></code>. * {{para|class}} – one or more CSS classes (space-separated if more than one) * {{para|id}} – an HTML ID must be unique on the entire page. * {{para|style}} – CSS to apply to the displayed text (no effect on tooltip/popup). Any style values with embedded blanks must be single-quoted, e.g. {{para|style|font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;}} == Examples == {{markup |<nowiki>{{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} </nowiki> |{{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} }} When hovering over the text "{{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}}", something like <span class="titlehint" style="border: 1px solid black; background-color: #FFFFFF; color: black; margin-right: 2px; padding: 1px 2px; font-size: smaller; box-shadow: 2px 2px 3px #A0A0A0;">Louisiana School for the Deaf</span> will appear as a tooltip in desktop browsers. Mobile devices may display a dotted line or other visual indicator of abbreviation, but ''will not'' provide the tooltip. No screen readers for the visually impaired will read the expansion by default; some provide an optional setting to read the expansion aloud. === Abbr examples === {{markup | title=Accessible when used in addition to inline expansion |<nowiki>High school students staying overnight on the Louisiana School for the Deaf (LSD) campus can phone their parents using an American Sign Language (ASL) interpreter. Although fluent in {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}}, most students at {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} prefer texting their parents directly. </nowiki> |High school students staying overnight on the Louisiana School for the Deaf (LSD) campus can phone their parents using an American Sign Language (ASL) interpreter. Although fluent in {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}}, most students at {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} prefer texting their parents directly. }} In the above example, each abbreviation is first expanded in the body text within parentheses. The template provides an ''additional'' way for some users to access the meaning later in the text. See [[MOS:ABBR]] for more information. {{markup | title=Less accessible when used in place of inline expansion |<nowiki>High school students staying overnight on the {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} campus can phone their parents using an {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}} interpreter. Although fluent in {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}}, most students at {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} prefer texting their parents directly. </nowiki> |High school students staying overnight on the {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} campus can phone their parents using an {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}} interpreter. Although fluent in {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}}, most students at {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} prefer texting their parents directly. }} In the above example, all abbreviations are expanded via the template. This is discouraged because it is the ''only'' way for users to access the meaning. Users reading on a mobile device, reading a printout, or listening to a screen reader will likely not have access to the full meaning. {{markup | title=Least accessible when <span style="color:red;">misused</span> to create tooltip notes |<nowiki>High school students staying overnight on the {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} campus can phone their parents using an {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}} {{abbr|interpreter|Although fluent in ASL, most students at LSD prefer texting their parents directly.}}. </nowiki> |High school students staying overnight on the {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} campus can phone their parents using an {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}} {{abbr|interpreter|Although fluent in ASL, most students at LSD prefer texting their parents directly.}}. }} In the above example, all abbreviations are expanded via the template, and an entire sentence is embedded via the template. It is the ''only'' way for users to access the meaning. A user reading on a mobile device, reading a printout, or listening to a screen reader will likely not have access to the full meaning of the abbreviation and will have no clear indication that the embedded footnote exists. ===Tooltip example=== {{markup |<nowiki>[[WP:COI|{{tooltip|conflict of interest|in the specific sense employed in Wikipedia policy}}]]</nowiki> |[[WP:COI|{{tooltip|conflict of interest|in the specific sense employed in Wikipedia policy}}]] }} Tooltips should not be used within the body text of an article if possible (see [[MOS:NOTOOLTIPS]]). Generic tooltip notes are not a substitute for [[Help:Footnotes|footnotes]] and are intended to be used for navigational and other secondary features where space is limited. See [[Template:Glossary link]] or [[Template:Cite book/doc#Usage]] for practical examples. == Linking == {{Notice|Preferably use {{tl|Abbrlink}} instead.}} To wiki-link the abbreviation being marked up by this template, wrap the template in the link, or the tooltip will not appear in some browsers. {|class="wikitable" !Compatibility !Markup !Renders as |- !{{yes|Compatible}} |{{code|<nowiki>[[Knockout#Technical knockout|{{abbr|TKO|technical knockout}}]]</nowiki>}} |[[Knockout#Technical knockout|{{abbr|TKO|technical knockout}}]] |- !{{no|Less compatible}} |{{code|<nowiki>{{abbr|[[Knockout#Technical knockout|TKO]]|technical knockout}}</nowiki>}} |{{abbr|[[Knockout#Technical knockout|TKO]]|technical knockout}} |} == Accessibility and validity == The {{Tl|Abbr}} template is intended {{em|only}} for use with abbreviations (including acronyms and initialisms). The [[Web Content Accessibility Guidelines]] contain guidelines for using the {{tag|abbr|o}} element generated by this template; see section [http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/H28.html H28: Providing definitions for abbreviations by using the abbr and acronym elements]. HTML specifications (both those of the [[W3C]] and [[WHATWG]]) strictly define the {{tag|abbr|o}} element as reserved for markup of abbreviations. Abusing it for mouse-over tooltips breaks our [[Semantic HTML|semantic markup]] and makes our content {{em|invalid HTML}} (it will falsely pass a basic [[Validator|automated validator]] test because such a tool can't tell that the logical application of the data to the structure isn't correct, only that tags are nested properly). == Redirects == The following template names will [[Wikipedia:Redirect|redirect]] to {{tl|Abbr}}: * {{tl|Abbrv}} * {{tl|Define}} {{tl|Tooltip}} is a separate template sharing the same documentation. ==Maintenance categories== *{{clc|Pages using tooltip with unknown parameters}} == Template data == {{TemplateData header}}<!-- This documentation is shared by Template:abbr and Template:tooltip. TemplateData for both is below. --> {{#switch: {{PAGENAME}} | Abbr = <TemplateData> { "description": "An abbreviation or acronym with a tooltip displayed on mouse-over.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Term", "description": "Shows as text", "type": "string/line", "required": true }, "2": { "label": "Meaning", "description": "Shows as a mouse-over tooltip; do not use markup", "type": "string", "required": true }, "style": { "label": "CSS", "description": "applies the specified CSS directives to the content of parameter 1", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Class", "description": "Adds a one or more CSS classes", "type": "string", "required": false }, "id": { "label": "ID", "description": "Adds an HTML id (must be unique in the page)", "type": "string", "required": false } } } </TemplateData> | Tooltip = <TemplateData> { "description": "Generic tooltip displayed on mouse-over.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Term", "description": "Shows as text", "type": "string/line", "required": true }, "2": { "label": "Tooltip", "description": "Shows as a mouse-over tooltip; do not use markup", "type": "string", "required": true }, "style": { "label": "CSS", "description": "applies the specified CSS directives to the content of parameter 1", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Class", "description": "Adds a one or more CSS classes", "type": "string", "required": false }, "id": { "label": "ID", "description": "Adds an HTML id (must be unique in the page)", "type": "string", "required": false } } } </TemplateData> }} == See also == * {{tl|Abbrlink}}, a variant of this template that includes automatic wikilinking of the term (abbreviation). * {{tl|dfn}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories go below this line, please; interwikis go to Wikidata, thank you! --> [[Category:Abbreviation templates| ]] [[Category:Wikipedia HTML tag-replacing templates]] [[Category:Semantic markup templates]] }}</includeonly> 8g9ycezrnbzgaqkx67ruml03bzhmh8w 0 127382 1322964 2026-08-06T14:24:26Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Infobox animanga/Header | name = Sadako ag Deireadh an Domhain | image = | caption = | ja_kanji = 終末の貞子さん | ja_romaji = Sadako-san at the End | genre = <!-- Nóta: Bain úsáid as foinsí iontaofa agus tabhair tagairt dóibh chun an seánra/na seánraí a shainaithint, ní léirmhíniú pearsanta. Ná cuir níos mó ná trí sheánra san áireamh (de réir [[MOS:A&M]]). --> }} {{Infobox animanga/Print | type...' 1322964 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox animanga/Header | name = Sadako ag Deireadh an Domhain | image = | caption = | ja_kanji = 終末の貞子さん | ja_romaji = Sadako-san at the End | genre = <!-- Nóta: Bain úsáid as foinsí iontaofa agus tabhair tagairt dóibh chun an seánra/na seánraí a shainaithint, ní léirmhíniú pearsanta. Ná cuir níos mó ná trí sheánra san áireamh (de réir [[MOS:A&M]]). --> }} {{Infobox animanga/Print | type = manga | author = Koma Natsumi<br>[[Koji Suzuki]] (maoirseoir) | illustrator = Koma Natsumi | publisher = [[Kadokawa Corporation|Kadokawa]] | publisher_en = [[Yen Press]] | demographic = [[Horror fiction|Uafás]] [[tragicomedy]] | imprint = ComicWalker ([[webtoon|sindeacáit]]) | first = 1 Eanáir 2019 | last = 17 Samhain 2020 | volumes = 1 | volume_list = #Imleabhair }} {{Infobox animanga/Footer}} '''''Sadako ag Deireadh an Domhain''''' (終末の貞子さん, as [[Béarla]]: ''Sadako at the End of the World'', {{lit.}} ''Sadako at the End'') is sraith [[manga]] Seapánach í a scríobh agus a mhaisigh Koma Natsumi, faoi mhaoirseacht [[Koji Suzuki]]. Cuireadh i sraith í ar dtús ar shindeacáit [[webtoon]] ComicWalker ón 1 Eanáir 2019, agus foilsíodh í ag [[Kodansha]] agus [[Yen Press]] i Seapáinis agus i mBéarla an 17 Samhain 2020 mar imleabhar aonair ''[[tankōbon]]''.<ref name="Reveal">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/feature/2020-11-17/the-fall-2020-manga-guide/sadako-at-the-end-of-the-world/.166136|first1=Rebecca|first2=Silverman|last1=Caitlin|last2=Moore|title=The Fall 2020 Manga Guide — ''Sadako at the End of the World''|website=[[Anime News Network]]|date=17 November 2020|accessdate=17 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.otakustudy.com/books/2020/06/a-look-at-new-manga-and-light-novel-offerings-from-yen-press-in-october-2020/|author=Sam|title=A Look at New Manga and Light Novel Offerings from Yen Press in October 2020|website=The Otaku's Study|date=8 June 2020|accessdate=8 June 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2019-11-16/yen-press-adds-bestia-carole-and-tuesday-11-more-manga-novels/.153352|first=Jennifer|last=Sherman|title=Yen Press Adds Bestia, Carole & Tuesday, 11 More Manga/Novels|magazine=[[Anime News Network]]|date=November 16, 2020|access-date=November 16, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/yen-press-announces-4-highly-anticipated-titles-for-october-2020/|author=[[Bleeding Cool]]|title=Yen Press Announces 4 Highly Anticipated Titles for October 2020|website=[[Bleeding Cool]]|date=22 May 2020|accessdate=22 May 2020}}</ref> Is seachthoradh [[horror fiction|uafáis]] [[tragicomedy]] den tsraith ''[[The Ring]]'' í, a foilsíodh ar dtús chun ceangal a dhéanamh leis an scannán [[Sadako (scannán)|''Sadako'' (2019)]]. Díríonn an tsraith ar bheirt chailíní óga uaigneacha i ndomhan atá scriosta ag [[apocalypse|apacailipsis]], a aimsíonn [[videotape|fístéip]] [[Sadako Yamamura]]. Chun cabhrú lena gcara nua, tosaíonn an bheirt chailíní ar thuras go deireadh an domhain chun tuilleadh “cairde” a aimsiú di. Fuair an tsraith fáiltiú thar a bheith dearfach ó léirmheastóirí, agus cuireadh i gcomparáid í leis an tsraith [[webtoon]] ''[[Erma]]''.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://gamek.vn/8-manga-kinh-di-sieu-hai-huoc-danh-cho-nhung-nguoi-yeu-bong-via-2019122505290592.chn|first1=Jessie|last1=Mai|first2=Theo|last2=Helino|title=8 Super Funny Horror Manga For Those Who Are "Weak and Weak"|website=Gamek.vn|date=25 December 2019|accessdate=25 December 2019}}</ref> Cuireadh tús le foilsiú sraithe compánaí, ''[[Sadako-san agus Sadako-chan]]'', i mí Feabhra 2019. ==Carachtair== '''[[Sadako Yamamura]]''' – "[[Onryō|Taibhse dhíoltais]]" a mharaíonn de ghnáth aon duine a fhéachann ar a [[videotape|fístéip]] seacht lá tar éis dóibh féachaint uirthi. Nuair a thagann sí chun cinn arís, faigheann sí amach gur tharla [[apocalypse|apacailipsis]] ó glaodh uirthi go deireanach, agus gur cosúil nár fágadh beo ach beirt chailíní óga. Agus í in amhras faoi cad ba cheart di a dhéanamh nuair a bheidh tréimhse na seacht lá ag na cailíní istigh, cabhraíonn Sadako leo agus iad ag taisteal ar fud an domhain ar thóir níos mó íospartach di faoi cheilt mar "chairde", agus de réir mar a neartaíonn an ceangal eatarthu, méadaíonn an dóchas go bhfaighidh Sadako féin síocháin agus go mbrisfear a mallacht. '''Ai-chan''' agus '''Hii-chan''' – Beirt chailíní óga a chastar ar Sadako tar éis dóibh féachaint ar a fístéip. Taistealaíonn siad léi trí [[Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction|dhomhan iar-apacailipteach]] le linn na seacht lá ina dhiaidh sin. '''Yamane an Gruagaire''' – [[Gruagaire]] a chastar ar Sadako agus ar na cailíní le linn a dturais. Gearrann agus stílíonn sé a gcuid [[gruaig|gruaige]], sula gcuireann sé an smaoineamh i gceann Sadako, gan é a thuiscint, gur cheart go mbeadh bualadh léi chomh tábhachtach dá mallacht agus atá féachaint ar a fístéip. '''"Mamó"''' – [[Aisteoir]] scothaosta ar cailleadh a teaghlach, a gcasann Sadako agus na cailíní uirthi taobh amuigh dá sráidbhaile. '''Okiku''' – "Taibhse Theach an Phláta", a gcasann Sadako agus na cailíní uirthi ar an séú lá den tréimhse seacht lá. Tugann sí [[plate (dishware)|pláta]] do Sadako tar éis di a fháil amach go raibh Okiku ag ciapadh daoine cruálacha ó bhris sí pláta tábhachtach agus gur chaith sí í féin isteach i dtobar de bharr náire. ==Imleabhair== Tá cúig chaibidil sa tsraith, agus bailíodh iad in aon imleabhar amháin ''[[tankōbon]]'',<ref name="Reveal" /> a foilsíodh i mí na Samhna 2020.<ref>{{Cite tweet|author=Yen Press|author-link=Yen Press|user=yenpress|number=1195819448265052160|title=#NEW: ''Sadako at the End of the World'', story by Koma Natsumi, editorial supervision by Koji Suzuki (#manga): After society falls apart, a pair of sisters play a certain video tape—but when Sadako appears, they’re just happy to meet another girl in this post-apocalyptic world!}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.cemeterydance.com/extras/review-sadako-at-the-end-of-the-world-koma-natsumi-koji-suzuki|first=Danica|last=Davidson|title=Review: ''Sadako at the End of the World'' by Koma Natsumi and Koji Suzuki|magazine=Cemetary Dance|date=November 16, 2020|access-date=November 16, 2020}}</ref> {{Graphic novel list/header | Language = Seapáinis | SecondLanguage = Béarla | Width = 75% | LineColor = 1F75FE }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 1 | RelDate = 17 Samhain 2020<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.amazon.co.jp/Sadako-End-World-Koma-Natsumi/dp/1975314182|script-title=ja:終末の貞子さん「Sadako-san at the End」|website=[[Amazon (company)|Amazon]]|language=Japanese|date=10 November 2020|accessdate=10 November 2020}}</ref> | ISBN = 978-1-97-531418-7 | LicensedRelDate = 17 Samhain 2020<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.comixology.com/Sadako-at-the-End-of-the-World/digital-comic/867314|script-title=ja:終末の貞子さん|publisher=[[Kadokawa Corporation|Kadokawa]]|work=[[ComiXology]]|language=Japanese|date=10 November 2020|accessdate=10 November 2020}}</ref> | LicensedISBN = 978-1-97531-418-7 | LineColor = 1F75FE }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}} ==Tagairtí== {{Reflist|30em}} ==Naisc sheachtracha== * {{Official website|https://yenpress.com/9781975314187/sadako-at-the-end-of-the-world/|''Sadako ag Deireadh an Domhain''}} ag [[Yen Press]] [[Catagóir:Sraitheanna manga]] [[Category:The Ring]] dlnnr6iw8icnlcf4cih6y3skq5aksnl 1322978 1322964 2026-08-06T14:46:46Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 1322978 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox animanga/Header | name = Sadako ag Deireadh an Domhain | image = | caption = | ja_kanji = 終末の貞子さん | ja_romaji = Sadako-san at the End | genre = <!-- Nóta: Bain úsáid as foinsí iontaofa agus tabhair tagairt dóibh chun an seánra/na seánraí a shainaithint, ní léirmhíniú pearsanta. Ná cuir níos mó ná trí sheánra san áireamh (de réir [[MOS:A&M]]). --> }} {{Infobox animanga/Print | type = manga | author = Koma Natsumi<br>[[Koji Suzuki]] (maoirseoir) | illustrator = Koma Natsumi | publisher = [[Kadokawa Corporation|Kadokawa]] | publisher_en = [[Yen Press]] | demographic = [[Horror fiction|Uafás]] [[tragicomedy]] | imprint = ComicWalker ([[webtoon|sindeacáit]]) | first = 1 Eanáir 2019 | last = 17 Samhain 2020 | volumes = 1 | volume_list = #Imleabhair }} {{Infobox animanga/Footer}} '''''Sadako ag Deireadh an Domhain''''' (終末の貞子さん, as [[Béarla]]: ''Sadako at the End of the World'', {{lit.}} ''Sadako at the End'') is sraith [[manga]] Seapánach í a scríobh agus a mhaisigh Koma Natsumi, faoi mhaoirseacht [[Koji Suzuki]]. Cuireadh i sraith í ar dtús ar shindeacáit [[webtoon]] ComicWalker ón 1 Eanáir 2019, agus foilsíodh í ag [[Kodansha]] agus [[Yen Press]] i Seapáinis agus i mBéarla an 17 Samhain 2020 mar imleabhar aonair ''[[tankōbon]]''.<ref name="Reveal">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/feature/2020-11-17/the-fall-2020-manga-guide/sadako-at-the-end-of-the-world/.166136|first1=Rebecca|first2=Silverman|last1=Caitlin|last2=Moore|title=The Fall 2020 Manga Guide — ''Sadako at the End of the World''|website=[[Anime News Network]]|date=17 November 2020|accessdate=17 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.otakustudy.com/books/2020/06/a-look-at-new-manga-and-light-novel-offerings-from-yen-press-in-october-2020/|author=Sam|title=A Look at New Manga and Light Novel Offerings from Yen Press in October 2020|website=The Otaku's Study|date=8 June 2020|accessdate=8 June 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2019-11-16/yen-press-adds-bestia-carole-and-tuesday-11-more-manga-novels/.153352|first=Jennifer|last=Sherman|title=Yen Press Adds Bestia, Carole & Tuesday, 11 More Manga/Novels|magazine=[[Anime News Network]]|date=November 16, 2020|access-date=November 16, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/yen-press-announces-4-highly-anticipated-titles-for-october-2020/|author=[[Bleeding Cool]]|title=Yen Press Announces 4 Highly Anticipated Titles for October 2020|website=[[Bleeding Cool]]|date=22 May 2020|accessdate=22 May 2020}}</ref> Is seachthoradh [[horror fiction|uafáis]] [[tragicomedy]] den tsraith ''[[The Ring]]'' í, a foilsíodh ar dtús chun ceangal a dhéanamh leis an scannán [[Sadako (scannán)|''Sadako'' (2019)]]. Díríonn an tsraith ar bheirt chailíní óga uaigneacha i ndomhan atá scriosta ag [[apocalypse|apacailipsis]], a aimsíonn [[videotape|fístéip]] [[Sadako Yamamura]]. Chun cabhrú lena gcara nua, tosaíonn an bheirt chailíní ar thuras go deireadh an domhain chun tuilleadh “cairde” a aimsiú di. Fuair an tsraith fáiltiú thar a bheith dearfach ó léirmheastóirí, agus cuireadh i gcomparáid í leis an tsraith [[webtoon]] ''[[Erma (greannán gréasáin)|Erma]]''.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://gamek.vn/8-manga-kinh-di-sieu-hai-huoc-danh-cho-nhung-nguoi-yeu-bong-via-2019122505290592.chn|first1=Jessie|last1=Mai|first2=Theo|last2=Helino|title=8 Super Funny Horror Manga For Those Who Are "Weak and Weak"|website=Gamek.vn|date=25 December 2019|accessdate=25 December 2019}}</ref> Cuireadh tús le foilsiú sraithe compánaí, ''[[Sadako-san agus Sadako-chan]]'', i mí Feabhra 2019. ==Carachtair== '''[[Sadako Yamamura]]''' – "[[Onryō|Taibhse dhíoltais]]" a mharaíonn de ghnáth aon duine a fhéachann ar a [[videotape|fístéip]] seacht lá tar éis dóibh féachaint uirthi. Nuair a thagann sí chun cinn arís, faigheann sí amach gur tharla [[apocalypse|apacailipsis]] ó glaodh uirthi go deireanach, agus gur cosúil nár fágadh beo ach beirt chailíní óga. Agus í in amhras faoi cad ba cheart di a dhéanamh nuair a bheidh tréimhse na seacht lá ag na cailíní istigh, cabhraíonn Sadako leo agus iad ag taisteal ar fud an domhain ar thóir níos mó íospartach di faoi cheilt mar "chairde", agus de réir mar a neartaíonn an ceangal eatarthu, méadaíonn an dóchas go bhfaighidh Sadako féin síocháin agus go mbrisfear a mallacht. '''Ai-chan''' agus '''Hii-chan''' – Beirt chailíní óga a chastar ar Sadako tar éis dóibh féachaint ar a fístéip. Taistealaíonn siad léi trí [[Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction|dhomhan iar-apacailipteach]] le linn na seacht lá ina dhiaidh sin. '''Yamane an Gruagaire''' – [[Gruagaire]] a chastar ar Sadako agus ar na cailíní le linn a dturais. Gearrann agus stílíonn sé a gcuid [[gruaig|gruaige]], sula gcuireann sé an smaoineamh i gceann Sadako, gan é a thuiscint, gur cheart go mbeadh bualadh léi chomh tábhachtach dá mallacht agus atá féachaint ar a fístéip. '''"Mamó"''' – [[Aisteoir]] scothaosta ar cailleadh a teaghlach, a gcasann Sadako agus na cailíní uirthi taobh amuigh dá sráidbhaile. '''Okiku''' – "Taibhse Theach an Phláta", a gcasann Sadako agus na cailíní uirthi ar an séú lá den tréimhse seacht lá. Tugann sí [[plate (dishware)|pláta]] do Sadako tar éis di a fháil amach go raibh Okiku ag ciapadh daoine cruálacha ó bhris sí pláta tábhachtach agus gur chaith sí í féin isteach i dtobar de bharr náire. ==Imleabhair== Tá cúig chaibidil sa tsraith, agus bailíodh iad in aon imleabhar amháin ''[[tankōbon]]'',<ref name="Reveal" /> a foilsíodh i mí na Samhna 2020.<ref>{{Cite tweet|author=Yen Press|author-link=Yen Press|user=yenpress|number=1195819448265052160|title=#NEW: ''Sadako at the End of the World'', story by Koma Natsumi, editorial supervision by Koji Suzuki (#manga): After society falls apart, a pair of sisters play a certain video tape—but when Sadako appears, they’re just happy to meet another girl in this post-apocalyptic world!}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.cemeterydance.com/extras/review-sadako-at-the-end-of-the-world-koma-natsumi-koji-suzuki|first=Danica|last=Davidson|title=Review: ''Sadako at the End of the World'' by Koma Natsumi and Koji Suzuki|magazine=Cemetary Dance|date=November 16, 2020|access-date=November 16, 2020}}</ref> {{Graphic novel list/header | Language = Seapáinis | SecondLanguage = Béarla | Width = 75% | LineColor = 1F75FE }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 1 | RelDate = 17 Samhain 2020<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.amazon.co.jp/Sadako-End-World-Koma-Natsumi/dp/1975314182|script-title=ja:終末の貞子さん「Sadako-san at the End」|website=[[Amazon (company)|Amazon]]|language=Japanese|date=10 November 2020|accessdate=10 November 2020}}</ref> | ISBN = 978-1-97-531418-7 | LicensedRelDate = 17 Samhain 2020<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.comixology.com/Sadako-at-the-End-of-the-World/digital-comic/867314|script-title=ja:終末の貞子さん|publisher=[[Kadokawa Corporation|Kadokawa]]|work=[[ComiXology]]|language=Japanese|date=10 November 2020|accessdate=10 November 2020}}</ref> | LicensedISBN = 978-1-97531-418-7 | LineColor = 1F75FE }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}} ==Tagairtí== {{Reflist|30em}} ==Naisc sheachtracha== * {{Official website|https://yenpress.com/9781975314187/sadako-at-the-end-of-the-world/|''Sadako ag Deireadh an Domhain''}} ag [[Yen Press]] [[Catagóir:Sraitheanna manga]] [[Category:The Ring]] 94qwxljqu228gwra0g1b3d9swddz6mr 0 127383 1322966 2026-08-06T14:24:56Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Ag athdhíriú go [[Sadako ag Deireadh an Domhain]] 1322966 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Sadako ag Deireadh an Domhain]] 871n0n5frqbugkiyow6cyyu34i0k33u 0 127384 1322967 2026-08-06T14:25:03Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Ag athdhíriú go [[Sadako ag Deireadh an Domhain]] 1322967 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Sadako ag Deireadh an Domhain]] 871n0n5frqbugkiyow6cyyu34i0k33u 11 127385 1322968 2026-08-06T14:30:01Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 /* Teimpléad:Graphic novel list/footer */ mír nua 1322968 wikitext text/x-wiki == Teimpléad:Graphic novel list/footer == {{ping|Quinlan83}} [[:Teimpléad:Graphic novel list/footer]] is '''supposed''' to be blank. It is [[en:Template:Graphic novel list/footer|also blank on the English Wikipedia equivalent]]. It's just how the code works, together with [[:Teimpléad:Graphic novel list/header]] and [[:Teimpléad:Graphic novel list]], so that the list actually displays. Without it, it does not work. [[Speisialta:Contributions/&#126;2026-43283-94|&#126;2026-43283-94]] ([[Plé úsáideora:&#126;2026-43283-94|talk]]) 14:30, 6 Lúnasa 2026 (UTC) bbdger0r1xndswhjdd2ax3hl2hziemv 1322970 1322968 2026-08-06T14:34:07Z Quinlan83 47440 /* Teimpléad:Graphic novel list/footer */ re 1322970 wikitext text/x-wiki == Teimpléad:Graphic novel list/footer == {{ping|Quinlan83}} [[:Teimpléad:Graphic novel list/footer]] is '''supposed''' to be blank. It is [[en:Template:Graphic novel list/footer|also blank on the English Wikipedia equivalent]]. It's just how the code works, together with [[:Teimpléad:Graphic novel list/header]] and [[:Teimpléad:Graphic novel list]], so that the list actually displays. Without it, it does not work. [[Speisialta:Contributions/&#126;2026-43283-94|&#126;2026-43283-94]] ([[Plé úsáideora:&#126;2026-43283-94|talk]]) 14:30, 6 Lúnasa 2026 (UTC) :Okay, that's fine. I had some doubts at first, but everything seems to be in order.--[[Úsáideoir:Quinlan83|Quinlan83]] ([[Plé úsáideora:Quinlan83|plé]]) 14:34, 6 Lúnasa 2026 (UTC) 2vbz53eunmphnn906a80c9x08r1cmvp 0 127386 1322971 2026-08-06T14:36:24Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Infobox animanga/Header | name = Sadako-san agus Sadako-chan | image = | caption = | ja_kanji = 貞子さんとさだこちゃん | ja_romaji = Sadako-san to Sadako-chan | genre = <!-- Nóta: Úsáid agus luaigh foinsí iontaofa chun seánra/seánraí a aithint, ní léirmhíniú pearsanta. Ná cuir níos mó ná trí sheánra san áireamh (de réir [[MOS:A&M]]). --> }} {{Infobox animanga/Print | type...' 1322971 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox animanga/Header | name = Sadako-san agus Sadako-chan | image = | caption = | ja_kanji = 貞子さんとさだこちゃん | ja_romaji = Sadako-san to Sadako-chan | genre = <!-- Nóta: Úsáid agus luaigh foinsí iontaofa chun seánra/seánraí a aithint, ní léirmhíniú pearsanta. Ná cuir níos mó ná trí sheánra san áireamh (de réir [[MOS:A&M]]). --> }} {{Infobox animanga/Print | type = manga | author = Noriaki Sugihara<br>[[Koji Suzuki]] | illustrator = Aya Tsutsumi | publisher = [[Kadokawa Corporation|Kadokawa]] | publisher_en = [[Seven Seas Entertainment]]<br>[[Macmillan Publishers]] | demographic = [[Comedy|Coiméide]] [[horror fiction|uafás]] [[slice of life]] | imprint = ComicWalker ([[webtoon|sindeacáit]]) | first = 9 Feabhra 2019 | last = 22 Meitheamh 2021 | volumes = 1 | volume_list = #Imleabhair }} {{Infobox animanga/Footer}} '''''Sadako-san agus Sadako-chan''''' (貞子さんとさだこちゃん, ''Bean Sadako agus Sadako Beag'') is sraith [[manga]] Seapánach í a scríobh Noriaki Sugihara agus [[Koji Suzuki]], agus a mhaisigh Aya Tsutsumi. Cuireadh i sraith í ar dtús ar shindeacáit [[webtoon]] ComicWalker, agus d'fhoilsigh [[Kodansha]] í an 23 Bealtaine 2019 mar imleabhar aonair ''[[tankōbon]]'',<ref name="Reveal">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2019-05-23/sadako-becomes-youtube-celebrity-in-sadako-san-to-sadako-chan-manga/.147035|first=Lynzee|last=Loveridge|title=Sadako Becomes YouTube Celebrity in ''Sadako-san to Sadako-chan'' Manga|magazine=[[Anime News Network]]|date=23 May 2019|accessdate=23 May 2019}}</ref> agus d'fhoilsigh [[Macmillan Publishers]] agus [[Seven Seas Entertainment]] é i mBéarla an 22 Meitheamh 2021.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.otakustudy.com/manga/2020/08/seven-seas-announce-wave-of-new-manga-light-novel-acquisitions/|author=Sam|title=Seven Seas Announce Wave of New Manga & Light Novel Acquisitions|website=The Otaku's Study|date=30 August 2020|accessdate=30 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/press-release/2020-08-27/seven-seas-licenses-sadako-san-and-sadako-chan-manga/.163375|first=Crystalyn|last=Hodgkins|title=Seven Seas Licenses ''Sadako-san and Sadako-chan'' Manga|magazine=[[Anime News Network]]|date=August 27, 2020|access-date=August 27, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://sevenseasentertainment.com/2020/08/27/seven-seas-scares-up-a-smile-with-license-of-sadako-san-and-sadako-chan-manga/|author=[[Seven Seas Entertainment]]|title=Seven Seas Scares Up a Smile with License of ''SADAKO-SAN AND SADAKO-CHAN'' Manga|website=[[Seven Seas Entertainment]]|date=27 August 2020|accessdate=27 August 2020}}</ref> Is seachthoradh [[Comedy|coiméide]] [[Horror fiction|uafáis]] [[slice of life]] den tsraith ''[[The Ring]]'' í a foilsíodh chun ceangal a dhéanamh leis an scannán [[Sadako (scannán)|''Sadako'' (2019)]]. Díríonn an tsraith ar [[Sadako Yamamura]], a dhéanann iarracht bogadh ar aghaidh ó stair thragóideach agus a mallacht a scaipeadh trí [[videotape|fhístéip]], agus í ag dul i ngleic le ré nua-aimseartha [[YouTube]] agus [[social media|na meán sóisialta]] le cailín óg eile darb ainm Sadako, a ndéanann sí cairdeas léi tar éis di gan eagla a chur uirthi. "Sadako-chan" is leanbh óg cróga í a bhíonn ag iarraidh cabhrú le “Sadako-san” dul i dtaithí ar an ré nua-aimseartha — níl sé i gceist níos mó dreapadh amach as [[Television|teilifíseáin]], is faoi [[YouTube]] atá sé anois! Le cabhair óna cara nua, an féidir le Sadako bogadh ar aghaidh faoi dheireadh óna stair thragóideach? Fuair an tsraith fáiltiú thar a bheith dearfach, agus cuireadh i gcomparáid í leis an tsraith [[webtoon]] ''[[Erma]]''.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://gamek.vn/8-manga-kinh-di-sieu-hai-huoc-danh-cho-nhung-nguoi-yeu-bong-via-2019122505290592.chn|first1=Jessie|last1=Mai|first2=Theo|last2=Helino|title=8 Super Funny Horror Manga For Those Who Are "Weak and Weak"|website=Gamek.vn|date=25 December 2019|accessdate=25 December 2019}}</ref> Cuireadh tús le foilsiú sraithe compánaí, ''[[Sadako ag Deireadh an Domhain]]'', i mí Eanáir 2019. ==Carachtair== '''[[Sadako Yamamura]] "Sadako-san"''' – "[[Onryō|Taibhse dhíoltais]]" a dhéanann iarracht bogadh ar aghaidh ó stair thragóideach agus a mallacht a scaipeadh trí [[videotape|fhístéip]], agus dul i dtaithí ar ré nua-aimseartha [[YouTube]] agus [[social media|na meán sóisialta]] le cailín óg eile darb ainm Sadako, a ndéanann sí cairdeas léi tar éis di gan a bheith in ann eagla a chur uirthi. '''Sadako Beag "Sadako-chan"''' – Leanbh óg agus [[YouTuber]] nua atá díreach ag tosú, a chaitheann an lá ar fad i gclóiséad beag, agus a dhéanann cairdeas le Sadako tar éis di teacht seacht lá tar éis di féachaint ar a téip agus gan eagla a bheith uirthi. Cruthaíonn siad cainéal comhpháirteach [[YouTube]] darb ainm "Twodako". '''Kazuma Akikawa''' – [[Friending and following|Leantóir]] de chainéal YouTube "Twodako" agus iar-[[protagonist|phríomhcharachtar]] de [[Sadako (scannán)|''Sadako'']]. ==Imleabhair== Tá ocht gcaibidil sa tsraith, agus bailíodh iad in aon imleabhar amháin ''[[tankōbon]]'',<ref name="Reveal" /> a foilsíodh sa tSeapáinis i mí na Bealtaine 2019,<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.playcentral.de/anime-the-ring-sadako-wird-im-manga-zum-youtube-star/|first=Jasmin|last=Peukert|title=Anime: ''The Ring'': Sadako becomes a YouTube star in new manga|website=Play Central|date=28 May 2019|accessdate=28 May 2019}}</ref> agus a fhoilseofar i mBéarla i mí an Mheithimh 2021.<ref>{{Cite tweet |author=Seven Seas Entertainment |author-link=Seven Seas Entertainment |user=gomanga |number=1299052175746834433 |title=Brand-new license announcement! ''SADAKO-SAN AND SADAKO-CHAN'' manga by Noriaki Sugihara and Aya Tsutsumi, the comedic spin-off based on ''THE RING'' novel (and films) by Koji Suzuki!}}</ref> {{Graphic novel list/header | Language = Seapáinis | SecondLanguage = Béarla | Width = 75% | LineColor = 1F75FE }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 1 | RelDate = 23 Bealtaine 2019<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://natalie.mu/comic/news/332640|script-title=ja:あの貞子が動画クリエイターに？スピンオフコメディ「Sadako-san and Sadako-chan」|website=[[Natalie (website)|Natalie]]|language=Japanese|date=23 May 2019|accessdate=23 May 2019}}</ref> | ISBN = 978-1-64-827418-3 | LicensedRelDate = 22 Meitheamh 2021<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.nautiljon.com/mangas/sadako-san+to+sadako-chan.html|script-title=ja:貞子 さ ん と さ だ こ ち ゃ ん　１|publisher=[[Kadokawa Corporation|Kadokawa]]|work=Nautlijon|language=Japanese|date=23 May 2020}}</ref> | LicensedISBN = 978-1-64827-418-3 | LineColor = 1F75FE }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}} ==Tagairtí== {{Reflist|30em}} ==Naisc sheachtracha== * {{Official website|https://sevenseasentertainment.com/books/sadako-san-and-sadako-chan/|''Sadako-san agus Sadako-chan''}} ag [[Seven Seas Entertainment]] * {{Official website|https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781648274183|''Sadako-san agus Sadako-chan''}} ag [[Macmillan Publishers]] [[Catagóir:Sraitheanna manga]] [[Category:The Ring]] lrfd0su38xyoorzbn9u9o3no1e8osxs 1322979 1322971 2026-08-06T14:46:58Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 1322979 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox animanga/Header | name = Sadako-san agus Sadako-chan | image = | caption = | ja_kanji = 貞子さんとさだこちゃん | ja_romaji = Sadako-san to Sadako-chan | genre = <!-- Nóta: Úsáid agus luaigh foinsí iontaofa chun seánra/seánraí a aithint, ní léirmhíniú pearsanta. Ná cuir níos mó ná trí sheánra san áireamh (de réir [[MOS:A&M]]). --> }} {{Infobox animanga/Print | type = manga | author = Noriaki Sugihara<br>[[Koji Suzuki]] | illustrator = Aya Tsutsumi | publisher = [[Kadokawa Corporation|Kadokawa]] | publisher_en = [[Seven Seas Entertainment]]<br>[[Macmillan Publishers]] | demographic = [[Comedy|Coiméide]] [[horror fiction|uafás]] [[slice of life]] | imprint = ComicWalker ([[webtoon|sindeacáit]]) | first = 9 Feabhra 2019 | last = 22 Meitheamh 2021 | volumes = 1 | volume_list = #Imleabhair }} {{Infobox animanga/Footer}} '''''Sadako-san agus Sadako-chan''''' (貞子さんとさだこちゃん, ''Bean Sadako agus Sadako Beag'') is sraith [[manga]] Seapánach í a scríobh Noriaki Sugihara agus [[Koji Suzuki]], agus a mhaisigh Aya Tsutsumi. Cuireadh i sraith í ar dtús ar shindeacáit [[webtoon]] ComicWalker, agus d'fhoilsigh [[Kodansha]] í an 23 Bealtaine 2019 mar imleabhar aonair ''[[tankōbon]]'',<ref name="Reveal">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2019-05-23/sadako-becomes-youtube-celebrity-in-sadako-san-to-sadako-chan-manga/.147035|first=Lynzee|last=Loveridge|title=Sadako Becomes YouTube Celebrity in ''Sadako-san to Sadako-chan'' Manga|magazine=[[Anime News Network]]|date=23 May 2019|accessdate=23 May 2019}}</ref> agus d'fhoilsigh [[Macmillan Publishers]] agus [[Seven Seas Entertainment]] é i mBéarla an 22 Meitheamh 2021.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.otakustudy.com/manga/2020/08/seven-seas-announce-wave-of-new-manga-light-novel-acquisitions/|author=Sam|title=Seven Seas Announce Wave of New Manga & Light Novel Acquisitions|website=The Otaku's Study|date=30 August 2020|accessdate=30 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/press-release/2020-08-27/seven-seas-licenses-sadako-san-and-sadako-chan-manga/.163375|first=Crystalyn|last=Hodgkins|title=Seven Seas Licenses ''Sadako-san and Sadako-chan'' Manga|magazine=[[Anime News Network]]|date=August 27, 2020|access-date=August 27, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://sevenseasentertainment.com/2020/08/27/seven-seas-scares-up-a-smile-with-license-of-sadako-san-and-sadako-chan-manga/|author=[[Seven Seas Entertainment]]|title=Seven Seas Scares Up a Smile with License of ''SADAKO-SAN AND SADAKO-CHAN'' Manga|website=[[Seven Seas Entertainment]]|date=27 August 2020|accessdate=27 August 2020}}</ref> Is seachthoradh [[Comedy|coiméide]] [[Horror fiction|uafáis]] [[slice of life]] den tsraith ''[[The Ring]]'' í a foilsíodh chun ceangal a dhéanamh leis an scannán [[Sadako (scannán)|''Sadako'' (2019)]]. Díríonn an tsraith ar [[Sadako Yamamura]], a dhéanann iarracht bogadh ar aghaidh ó stair thragóideach agus a mallacht a scaipeadh trí [[videotape|fhístéip]], agus í ag dul i ngleic le ré nua-aimseartha [[YouTube]] agus [[social media|na meán sóisialta]] le cailín óg eile darb ainm Sadako, a ndéanann sí cairdeas léi tar éis di gan eagla a chur uirthi. "Sadako-chan" is leanbh óg cróga í a bhíonn ag iarraidh cabhrú le “Sadako-san” dul i dtaithí ar an ré nua-aimseartha — níl sé i gceist níos mó dreapadh amach as [[Television|teilifíseáin]], is faoi [[YouTube]] atá sé anois! Le cabhair óna cara nua, an féidir le Sadako bogadh ar aghaidh faoi dheireadh óna stair thragóideach? Fuair an tsraith fáiltiú thar a bheith dearfach, agus cuireadh i gcomparáid í leis an tsraith [[webtoon]] ''[[Erma (greannán gréasáin)|Erma]]''.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://gamek.vn/8-manga-kinh-di-sieu-hai-huoc-danh-cho-nhung-nguoi-yeu-bong-via-2019122505290592.chn|first1=Jessie|last1=Mai|first2=Theo|last2=Helino|title=8 Super Funny Horror Manga For Those Who Are "Weak and Weak"|website=Gamek.vn|date=25 December 2019|accessdate=25 December 2019}}</ref> Cuireadh tús le foilsiú sraithe compánaí, ''[[Sadako ag Deireadh an Domhain]]'', i mí Eanáir 2019. ==Carachtair== '''[[Sadako Yamamura]] "Sadako-san"''' – "[[Onryō|Taibhse dhíoltais]]" a dhéanann iarracht bogadh ar aghaidh ó stair thragóideach agus a mallacht a scaipeadh trí [[videotape|fhístéip]], agus dul i dtaithí ar ré nua-aimseartha [[YouTube]] agus [[social media|na meán sóisialta]] le cailín óg eile darb ainm Sadako, a ndéanann sí cairdeas léi tar éis di gan a bheith in ann eagla a chur uirthi. '''Sadako Beag "Sadako-chan"''' – Leanbh óg agus [[YouTuber]] nua atá díreach ag tosú, a chaitheann an lá ar fad i gclóiséad beag, agus a dhéanann cairdeas le Sadako tar éis di teacht seacht lá tar éis di féachaint ar a téip agus gan eagla a bheith uirthi. Cruthaíonn siad cainéal comhpháirteach [[YouTube]] darb ainm "Twodako". '''Kazuma Akikawa''' – [[Friending and following|Leantóir]] de chainéal YouTube "Twodako" agus iar-[[protagonist|phríomhcharachtar]] de [[Sadako (scannán)|''Sadako'']]. ==Imleabhair== Tá ocht gcaibidil sa tsraith, agus bailíodh iad in aon imleabhar amháin ''[[tankōbon]]'',<ref name="Reveal" /> a foilsíodh sa tSeapáinis i mí na Bealtaine 2019,<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.playcentral.de/anime-the-ring-sadako-wird-im-manga-zum-youtube-star/|first=Jasmin|last=Peukert|title=Anime: ''The Ring'': Sadako becomes a YouTube star in new manga|website=Play Central|date=28 May 2019|accessdate=28 May 2019}}</ref> agus a fhoilseofar i mBéarla i mí an Mheithimh 2021.<ref>{{Cite tweet |author=Seven Seas Entertainment |author-link=Seven Seas Entertainment |user=gomanga |number=1299052175746834433 |title=Brand-new license announcement! ''SADAKO-SAN AND SADAKO-CHAN'' manga by Noriaki Sugihara and Aya Tsutsumi, the comedic spin-off based on ''THE RING'' novel (and films) by Koji Suzuki!}}</ref> {{Graphic novel list/header | Language = Seapáinis | SecondLanguage = Béarla | Width = 75% | LineColor = 1F75FE }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 1 | RelDate = 23 Bealtaine 2019<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://natalie.mu/comic/news/332640|script-title=ja:あの貞子が動画クリエイターに？スピンオフコメディ「Sadako-san and Sadako-chan」|website=[[Natalie (website)|Natalie]]|language=Japanese|date=23 May 2019|accessdate=23 May 2019}}</ref> | ISBN = 978-1-64-827418-3 | LicensedRelDate = 22 Meitheamh 2021<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.nautiljon.com/mangas/sadako-san+to+sadako-chan.html|script-title=ja:貞子 さ ん と さ だ こ ち ゃ ん　１|publisher=[[Kadokawa Corporation|Kadokawa]]|work=Nautlijon|language=Japanese|date=23 May 2020}}</ref> | LicensedISBN = 978-1-64827-418-3 | LineColor = 1F75FE }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}} ==Tagairtí== {{Reflist|30em}} ==Naisc sheachtracha== * {{Official website|https://sevenseasentertainment.com/books/sadako-san-and-sadako-chan/|''Sadako-san agus Sadako-chan''}} ag [[Seven Seas Entertainment]] * {{Official website|https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781648274183|''Sadako-san agus Sadako-chan''}} ag [[Macmillan Publishers]] [[Catagóir:Sraitheanna manga]] [[Category:The Ring]] i2d7xpl7povibc1fqpdwegroihm2j2y 0 127387 1322972 2026-08-06T14:36:56Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Ag athdhíriú go [[Sadako-san agus Sadako-chan]] 1322972 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Sadako-san agus Sadako-chan]] dqe2xk36eb3r1pvtvn2w21mznmiplgb 0 127388 1322973 2026-08-06T14:37:06Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Ag athdhíriú go [[Sadako-san agus Sadako-chan]] 1322973 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Sadako-san agus Sadako-chan]] dqe2xk36eb3r1pvtvn2w21mznmiplgb 0 127389 1322974 2026-08-06T14:37:21Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Ag athdhíriú go [[Sadako-san agus Sadako-chan]] 1322974 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Sadako-san agus Sadako-chan]] dqe2xk36eb3r1pvtvn2w21mznmiplgb 0 127390 1322975 2026-08-06T14:37:35Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Ag athdhíriú go [[Sadako-san agus Sadako-chan]] 1322975 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Sadako-san agus Sadako-chan]] dqe2xk36eb3r1pvtvn2w21mznmiplgb 14 127391 1322976 2026-08-06T14:38:48Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '[[Catagóir:Scannáin Seapáinise]] [[Catagóir:Sraitheanna manga]]' 1322976 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Catagóir:Scannáin Seapáinise]] [[Catagóir:Sraitheanna manga]] 3u1lptumi5kblo5t1iumq6qv1hbuy2d 0 127392 1322977 2026-08-06T14:43:12Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Databox}}{{italic title}} '''''Sadako''''', ar a dtugtar '''''Sadako KOL''''', is scannán Seapánach [[coiméide]]-[[uafáis]] ó 2019 é atá stiúrtha ag [[Hideo Nakata]]. Tá sé bunaithe go scaoilte ar an úrscéal ''Tide'' le [[Koji Suzuki]]. Is cuid den tsraith scannán ''[[The Ring]]'' é an scannán, agus is seicheamh díreach é do scannán Nakata ó 1999, ''[[Ring 2]]'', i leanúnachas ar leith ó na scannáin roimhe seo ''[[Sadako 3D]]'' (2012) agus...' 1322977 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}{{italic title}} '''''Sadako''''', ar a dtugtar '''''Sadako KOL''''', is scannán Seapánach [[coiméide]]-[[uafáis]] ó 2019 é atá stiúrtha ag [[Hideo Nakata]]. Tá sé bunaithe go scaoilte ar an úrscéal ''Tide'' le [[Koji Suzuki]]. Is cuid den tsraith scannán ''[[The Ring]]'' é an scannán, agus is seicheamh díreach é do scannán Nakata ó 1999, ''[[Ring 2]]'', i leanúnachas ar leith ó na scannáin roimhe seo ''[[Sadako 3D]]'' (2012) agus ''[[Sadako 3D 2]]'' (2013).<ref name="Marsh 2019">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/entertainment/article/3030097/sadako-film-review-hideo-nakata-gives-j-horror-classic-ring|title=Review {{!}} Sadako film review: Hideo Nakata gives J-horror classic Ring a reboot for the digital age, and it's a noble effort|last=Marsh|first=James|date=24 September 2019|website=[[South China Morning Post]]|access-date=16 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://theplaylist.net/sadako-trailer-20190711/|title='Sadako' Trailer: 'Ring' Director Hideo Nakata Returns To The Popular Japanese Horror Franchise For A New Tale|last=Barfield|first=Charles|date=11 July 2019|website=The Playlist|access-date=16 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.otaquest.com/ring-2019-film-announced/|title=Upcoming 'Ring' Film Calls on Original Japanese Staff to Tackle Social Media-Age Story|last=Johnston|first=Lachlan|date=19 February 2019|website=Otaquest|access-date=16 July 2020|archive-date=16 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200716191913/https://www.otaquest.com/ring-2019-film-announced/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Díríonn an scannán ar thaibhse díoltais darb ainm [[Sadako Yamamura]], a bhfuil baint aici le [[video tape|fístéip mhallaithe]]; maraítear aon duine a fhéachann ar an téip seacht lá ina dhiaidh sin. Taispeánadh ''Sadako'' den chéad uair sa tSeapáin an 24 Bealtaine 2019,<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.moshimoshi-nippon.jp/171403|title=Poster Teases New 'Ring' Film 'Sadako' Releasing May 24|date=18 February 2019|website=Moshi Moshi Nippon|language=ja|access-date=16 July 2020}}</ref> agus taispeánadh é oíche oscailte Fhéile Idirnáisiúnta Scannán [[Fantasia International Film Festival|Fantasia]].<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://bloody-disgusting.com/indie/3569618/hideo-nakata-directed-sadako-open-fantasia-film-festival/|title=Hideo Nakata-Directed 'Sadako' to Open the Fantasia Film Festival|last=Miska|first=Brad|date=27 June 2019|website=[[Bloody Disgusting]]|access-date=16 July 2020}}</ref> Foilsíodh sraith [[manga]] cheangailte, ''[[Sadako-san agus Sadako-chan]]'', i mí Feabhra roimh scaoileadh an scannáin.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2019-05-23/sadako-becomes-youtube-celebrity-in-sadako-san-to-sadako-chan-manga/.147035|title=Sadako Becomes YouTube Celebrity in ''Sadako-san to Sadako-chan'' Manga|last=Loveridge|first=Lynzee|date=23 May 2019|website=[[Anime News Network]]|access-date=23 May 2019}}</ref> == Aisteoirí == * [[Elaiza Ikeda]] mar an Dr. Mayu Akikawa * Himeka Himejima mar an Cailín / [[Sadako Yamamura]] * [[Renn Kiriyama]] mar Minoru Fujii * Hiroya Shimizu mar Kazuma Akikawa * [[Rie Tomosaka]] mar Hatsuko Sofue * [[Takashi Tsukamoto]] mar Yusuke Ishida * [[Hitomi Sato (actress)|Hitomi Sato]] mar Masami Kurahashi * Ayaka Minami mar Sadako Yamamura ==Tagairtí== {{Reflist}} [[Catagóir:The Ring]] [[Catagóir:Scannáin uafáis 2019]] [[Catagóir:Scannáin choiméide 2019]] [[Catagóir:Scannáin thaibhsí na 2010idí]] [[Catagóir:Scannáin rúndiamhra na 2010idí]] [[Catagóir:Scannáin osnádúrtha na 2010idí]] [[Catagóir:Scannáin Seapáinise]] sb3agy6mn58jpbllx55qef8x79svps2 10 127393 1322980 2026-08-06T14:59:17Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Unbulleted list<!-- -->|{{ #if: {{{AU|}}} | <div class="nowrap"><span 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10 127394 1322981 2026-08-06T14:59:30Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} <!-- Categories and interwikis go at the bottom of this page. --> This template is used in conjunction with {{tl|Infobox animanga}} to summarize the English language licensees, publishers, or magazine for articles about anime or manga. == Usage == The following parameters may be specified to display release dates for multiple regions in a single call (however, the order is always defined as below and cannot be changed manual...' 1322981 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} <!-- Categories and interwikis go at the bottom of this page. --> This template is used in conjunction with {{tl|Infobox animanga}} to summarize the English language licensees, publishers, or magazine for articles about anime or manga. == Usage == The following parameters may be specified to display release dates for multiple regions in a single call (however, the order is always defined as below and cannot be changed manually in a single call): ; AUS=''licensee'': [[Australasia]] (Australia and New Zealand) region licensee (or, if they differ '''AU=''licensee''''': Australia licensee; '''NZ=''licensee''''': New Zealand licensee) ; BI=''licensee'': [[British Isles]] (United Kingdom and Ireland) region licensee (or, if they differ '''UK=''licensee''''': United Kingdom licensee; '''IE=''licensee''''': Ireland licensee) ; NA=''licensee'': [[Northern America]] (United States and Canada) region licensee (or, if they differ '''US=''licensee''''': United States licensee; '''CA=''licensee''''': Canada licensee) === Full syntax === <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{English anime licensee | AUS = | BI = | NA = }}</syntaxhighlight> ===Alternate syntax=== '''Using two parameters''' '''<nowiki>{{English anime licensee</nowiki>''' | ''<nowiki>[[region]]</nowiki>'' | ''licensee'' '''}}''' ; region: Wikilinked region name. For brevity, should be formatted as a piped link, e.g. ''<nowiki>[[Southeast Asia|SEA]]</nowiki>''. :*It is also possible to combine multiple regions in this parameter, for licensee which are the same between several regions -- e.g. ''<nowiki>[[Northern America|NA]] / [[United Kingdom|UK]]</nowiki>'' == Redirects == * {{tl|English manga publisher}} * {{tl|English manga magazine}} * {{tl|English anime network}} == See also == * {{tl|Video game release}}—Template that inspired the creation of this one. <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| [[Category:Anime and manga infobox templates]] <!-- Categories and interwikis go here: --> }}</includeonly> jbuzgbo4l5kx22qqfbs4xxxvtypcrft 10 127395 1322982 2026-08-06T15:00:03Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Ag athdhíriú go [[Teimpléad:English manga publisher]] 1322982 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Teimpléad:English manga publisher]] dhh1x2t5vjh5kuj204rqj5a5vb5d1n1 10 127396 1322983 2026-08-06T15:00:14Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Ag athdhíriú go [[Teimpléad:English manga publisher/doc]] 1322983 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Teimpléad:English manga publisher/doc]] f4bz6zqmo8dtnl7gwusbn0ae5rump9d 10 127397 1322984 2026-08-06T15:00:51Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '<includeonly><{{{2|span}}} <!-- -->{{#if:{{{title|}}} |title="{{{title}}}" }} <!-- -->style="<!-- -->{{#if:{{{width|}}} |width:{{{width}}}; }} <!-- -->{{#if:{{{height|}}} |height:{{{height}}}; }} <!-- -->{{#if:{{{color|}}} |color:{{{color}}}; }} <!-- -->{{#if:{{{background|{{{bg|}}}}}}|background:{{{background|{{{bg}}}}}};}} <!-- Allows gradients...' 1322984 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><{{{2|span}}} <!-- -->{{#if:{{{title|}}} |title="{{{title}}}" }} <!-- -->style="<!-- -->{{#if:{{{width|}}} |width:{{{width}}}; }} <!-- -->{{#if:{{{height|}}} |height:{{{height}}}; }} <!-- -->{{#if:{{{color|}}} |color:{{{color}}}; }} <!-- -->{{#if:{{{background|{{{bg|}}}}}}|background:{{{background|{{{bg}}}}}};}} <!-- Allows gradients etc. too, as well as block colour. -->{{#if:{{{style|}}} |{{{style}}}; }} <!-- -->display:inline-block;" {{#if:{{{class|}}}|class="{{{class}}}"}}>{{{1|}}}</{{{2|span}}}></includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}}</noinclude> p3o6mdl5432ncs9c4th3vwjrwu2mreg 10 127398 1322985 2026-08-06T15:01:02Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Documentation subpage}}<!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata. Thank you! --> {{High-use}} == Usage == The {{Template link general|Inline block}} template creates an HTML element—a {{Tag|span|o}}, by default—that has the [[CSS]] declaration {{Code|display: inline-block;}}. There is support for a range of common style properties as template parameters, and an all-purpose {{Para|style}} parameter. On...' 1322985 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}}<!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata. Thank you! --> {{High-use}} == Usage == The {{Template link general|Inline block}} template creates an HTML element—a {{Tag|span|o}}, by default—that has the [[CSS]] declaration {{Code|display: inline-block;}}. There is support for a range of common style properties as template parameters, and an all-purpose {{Para|style}} parameter. One intended use is to replace {{Template link general|Nowrap}} when coding templates with complex layout, which need to display differently on mobile and desktop viewports. Like {{Template link general|nolink=on|Nowrap}}, it holds content together and avoids wrapping it where possible. However, if necessary (such as on small screens), the content ''will'' wrap. === Example of wrapping control === In each case the outline represents a width constraint, which might be affected by the user's screen size, other parts of the template, or both. <div style="border: thin solid gray; margin: 3px; padding: 3px; width: 900px;"><!-- State of matter. --> {{Inline block|style=margin: 0.2em; min-width: 9em; text-align: center;|color={{Element color|Gas}}|background={{Element color|table2}}|1=1&nbsp;(red)=[[Gas]]}}&ensp;<!-- -->{{Inline block|style=margin: 0.2em; min-width: 9em; text-align: center;|color={{Element color|Solid}}|background={{Element color|table2}}|1=3&nbsp;(black)=[[Solid]]}}&ensp;<!-- -->{{Inline block|style=margin: 0.2em; min-width: 9em; text-align: center;|color={{Element color|Liquid}}|background={{Element color|table2}}|1=80&nbsp;(green)=[[Liquid]]}}&ensp;<!-- -->{{Inline block|{{#ifeq:%omitted%|%omitted%|'''Color of the atomic number''' shows [[state of matter]] (at [[Standard temperature and pressure|0&nbsp;°C and 1&nbsp;atm]])|}}}}</div> <div style="border: thin solid gray; margin: 3px; padding: 3px; width: 500px;"><!-- State of matter. --> {{Inline block|style=margin: 0.2em; min-width: 9em; text-align: center;|color={{Element color|Gas}}|background={{Element color|table2}}|1=1&nbsp;(red)=[[Gas]]}}&ensp;<!-- -->{{Inline block|style=margin: 0.2em; min-width: 9em; text-align: center;|color={{Element color|Solid}}|background={{Element color|table2}}|1=3&nbsp;(black)=[[Solid]]}}&ensp;<!-- -->{{Inline block|style=margin: 0.2em; min-width: 9em; text-align: center;|color={{Element color|Liquid}}|background={{Element color|table2}}|1=80&nbsp;(green)=[[Liquid]]}}&ensp;<!-- -->{{Inline block|{{#ifeq:%omitted%|%omitted%|'''Color of the atomic number''' shows [[state of matter]] (at [[Standard temperature and pressure|0&nbsp;°C and 1&nbsp;atm]])}}}}</div> <div style="border: thin solid gray; margin: 3px; padding: 3px; width: 150px;"><!-- State of matter. --> {{Inline block|style=margin: 0.2em; min-width: 9em; text-align: center;|color={{Element color|Gas}}|background={{Element color|table2}}|1=1&nbsp;(red)=[[Gas]]}}&ensp;<!-- -->{{Inline block|style=margin: 0.2em; min-width: 9em; text-align: center;|color={{Element color|Solid}}|background={{Element color|table2}}|1=3&nbsp;(black)=[[Solid]]}}&ensp;<!-- -->{{inline block|style=margin:0.2em; text-align:center; min-width:9em;|color={{element color|Liquid}}|background={{element color|table2}}|1=80&nbsp;(green)=[[Liquid]]}}&ensp;<!-- -->{{Inline block|{{#ifeq:%omitted%|%omitted%|'''Color of the atomic number''' shows [[state of matter]] (at [[Standard temperature and pressure|0&nbsp;°C and 1&nbsp;atm]])}}}}</div> Here, each grey box and the text "Color of …" are wrapped in {{Template link general|nolink=on|plaincode=on|Inline block}} templates. If {{Template link general|Nowrap}} had been used instead, there would be no visible difference in the first two cases. In the third case, however, the text would have been unable to wrap into the space available. On mobile, this might mean that a table or the whole article is forced to become horizontally scrollable. == TemplateData == {{Format TemplateData|1=<templatedata>{ "description": "The template &#123;&#123;Inline block&#125;&#125; creates an inline-block element. Among other uses, it can replace {{tl|nowrap}} when coding templates with complex layout.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Content", "description": "The content to be wrapped in an inline-block element", "type": "content" }, "2": { "label": "Tag name", "description": "Changes the [[HTML tag]] used. This may affect what elements this template should contain or be contained by.", "example": "div, abbr", "type": "string", "default": "span" }, "title": { "label": "Title", "description": "Title of the content (used as tooltip text, or expanded abbreviation when 2=abbr)", "example": "died (for abbr d.)", "type": "string", "default": "" }, "width": { "label": "Width", "description": "The width; passed directly to the \"width\" [[CSS]] attribute", "type": "string" }, "height": { "label": "Height", "description": "The height; passed directly to the \"height\" CSS attribute", "type": "string" }, "color": { "label": "Text color", "description": "The text color; passed directly to the \"color\" CSS attribute", "type": "string" }, "background": { "label": "Background formatting", "aliases": ["bg"], "description": "The background formatting; passed directly to the \"background\" CSS attribute", "type": "string" }, "style": { "label": "Other styles", "description": "Style information as plain CSS.", "type": "string" } } }</templatedata>}} == See also == {{List of nowrap-like templates}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other||<!-- Please add category links below this line, and interwiki links at Wikidata. Thank you! --> [[Category:Line-handling templates]] }}</includeonly> t1a3l37jrvq7sua3ll41mgauwncd7fk 0 127399 1322986 2026-08-06T15:01:47Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Infobox animanga/Header | name = Seirbhíseach na Cailleach agus Adharca Thiarna na nDeamhan | image = | caption = | ja_kanji = 魔女の下僕と魔王のツノ | ja_romaji = Majo no Geboku to Maou no Tsuno | genre = [[Athrú inscne]], [[dráma grinn]] }} {{Infobox animanga/Print | type = manga | author = Mochi | publisher = [[Square Enix]] | magazine = [[Monthly Shonen Gangan]] | first = Eanáir 201...' 1322986 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox animanga/Header | name = Seirbhíseach na Cailleach agus Adharca Thiarna na nDeamhan | image = | caption = | ja_kanji = 魔女の下僕と魔王のツノ | ja_romaji = Majo no Geboku to Maou no Tsuno | genre = [[Athrú inscne]], [[dráma grinn]] }} {{Infobox animanga/Print | type = manga | author = Mochi | publisher = [[Square Enix]] | magazine = [[Monthly Shonen Gangan]] | first = Eanáir 2014 | last = | volumes = 93 | volume_list = #Imleabhair }} {{Infobox animanga/Footer}} '''''Seirbhíseach na Cailleach agus Adharca Thiarna na nDeamhan''''' (魔女の下僕と魔王のツノ, as [[Béarla]]: ''The Witch’s Servant and the Demon Lord’s Horns'') is sraith [[manga]] Seapánach scríofa agus maisithe ag Mochi. Cuireadh tús le foilsiú na sraithe i bhfoilseachán ''[[Monthly Shonen Gangan]]'' de chuid [[Square Enix]] i mí Eanáir 2014 agus tá sí fós ar siúl. Cheadaigh Square Enix an tsraith lena foilsiú i Meiriceá Thuaidh freisin, agus d’fhoilsigh sé an naoú caibidil is nócha ar aghaidh amhail Iúil 2024.<ref name="kyoukoku">{{cite magazine|url=https://somoskudasai.com/noticias/manga/el-manga-kyoukoku-no-recuerdo-finalizara-con-su-segundo-volumen|title=The manga ''I Don't Remember My Nation'' will end with its second volume|date=5 April 2020|website=kudasai.|accessdate=5 April 2020}}</ref> Foilsíodh sraith [[greannán gréasáin]] [[réamhscéal]] dar teideal ''Ní Chuimhin Liom Mo Náisiún'' ó Mhárta 2018 go Meitheamh 2020. Moladh an tsraith as iniúchadh a dhéanamh ar théamaí [[Rómáns (grá)|an ghrá rómánsúil]] agus [[inscne]] agus ar an mbrú a chuireann an tsochaí ar [[Steiréitíopa inscne|steiréitíopaí]].<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.animeclick.it/manga/21127/majo-no-geboku-to-maou-no-tsuno|title=''Majo no Geboku to Maou no Tsuno'' (''The Witch's Manservant and the Demon Lord's Horns'') Mochi (もち)|date=14 January 2021|website=Anime Click|accessdate=14 January 2021}}</ref> ==Plota== Tá an cailleach Vivian ag fáil bháis, agus iarrann sí ar a seirbhíseach iontaofa Arsenio agus ar a printíseach iontaofa Betty an t-aon leigheas amháin a ullmhú atá in ann í a shábháil sula reoann sí í féin. Ach ní bheidh sé éasca na comhábhair a fháil… mar is iad adharca Rí Bull, an "[[Rí na nDeamhan|rí deamhan]]" beag ach cumhachtach áitiúil, an comhábhar is tábhachtaí díobh go léir, agus d’fhéadfadh sé a bheith ina ábhar beatha agus báis é a shárú. Agus tá na constaicí eile go léir mar an gcéanna. Ar ámharaí an tsaoil, ar a gcéad turas chuig Caisleán an Rí Dheamhain, buaileann siad le cailín(?) a d’fhéadfadh cabhrú leo...<ref name="ann">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2020-05-04/kyokoku-no-recuerdo-manga-by-cuticle-detective-inaba-mochi-listed-as-ending-in-2nd-volume/.159220|title=''Kyōkoku no Recuerdo'' Manga by ''Cuticle Detective Inaba''’s Mochi Listed as Ending in 2nd Volume|date=5 April 2020|website=[[Anime News Network]]|first=Rafael Antonio|last=Pineda|accessdate=5 April 2020}}</ref> ==Imleabhair== Cuireadh an tsraith le chéile i roinnt imleabhar ''[[tankōbon]]'',<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/Majo-Geboku-Maou-Tsuno-Japanese/dp/B06XMQQ96S|title=魔女の下僕と魔王のツノ [''Majo no Geboku to Maou no Tsuno'' Vol. 1–5]|magazine=[[Amazon (company)|Amazon]]|date=January 1, 2014}}</ref> agus foilsíodh an chéad cheann acu i mBéarla i mí Aibreáin 2014.<ref name="ann" /> ==Sraith réamhscéil== Foilsíodh sraith [[réamhscéal]] dar teideal '''''Ní Chuimhin Liom Mo Náisiún''''' (ノットライヴス, ''{{lit.}} I Don't Remember My Nation''), a dhíríonn ar am atá thart an charachtair Arsenio agus a charad is fearr Sauro ina dtír dhúchais, Ispania, in dhá imleabhar ó Mhárta 2018 go Meitheamh 2020. Ó thaobh ton de, tá sí difriúil ón tsraith bhunaidh toisc gur [[tragóid]] [[dráma]] í seachas [[greann]], agus d’fhoilsigh Mochi an tsraith ar dtús mar [[greannán gréasáin]] ar shuíomh ''Pixiv Comics''.<ref name="kyoukoku" /> ==Tagairtí== {{Reflist|30em}} ==Naisc sheachtracha== * {{Official website|https://myanimelist.net/manga/82281/Majo_no_Geboku_to_Maou_no_Tsuno|''Seirbhíseach na Cailleach agus Adharca Thiarna na nDeamhan''}} ag ''[[Monthly Shonen Gangan]]'' [[Catagóir:Sraitheanna manga]] jqwbp4a8sntidvftqxgnw10ykjiz8jt 0 127400 1322987 2026-08-06T15:02:17Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Ag athdhíriú go [[Seirbhíseach na Cailleach agus Adharca Thiarna na nDeamhan]] 1322987 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Seirbhíseach na Cailleach agus Adharca Thiarna na nDeamhan]] gbxje8usrjwovmpr52wsf65z2f4975c 0 127401 1322988 2026-08-06T15:02:32Z ~2026-43283-94 76189 Ag athdhíriú go [[Seirbhíseach na Cailleach agus Adharca Thiarna na nDeamhan]] 1322988 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Seirbhíseach na Cailleach agus Adharca Thiarna na nDeamhan]] gbxje8usrjwovmpr52wsf65z2f4975c 0 127402 1322994 2026-08-06T15:26:21Z Conradder 34685 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} Is meánscoil í '''Ardscoil Mhuire, Iúr Cinn Trá''' ({{lang-en|St Mary's High School, Newry}}), a bunaíodh sa bhliain 1961. Is scoil [[Caitliceach]] faoi chothabháil do chailíní 11-18 bliain d'aois í. Tá níos mó ná 800 dalta aici. Tá an scoil suite sa cheantar theas de chuid an [[Údarás Oideachais]]. == Stair == == Iarscoláirí == == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} == Naisc sheachtracha == *[https://www.stmarysnewry.com...' 1322994 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} Is meánscoil í '''Ardscoil Mhuire, Iúr Cinn Trá''' ({{lang-en|St Mary's High School, Newry}}), a bunaíodh sa bhliain 1961. Is scoil [[Caitliceach]] faoi chothabháil do chailíní 11-18 bliain d'aois í. Tá níos mó ná 800 dalta aici. Tá an scoil suite sa cheantar theas de chuid an [[Údarás Oideachais]]. == Stair == == Iarscoláirí == == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} == Naisc sheachtracha == *[https://www.stmarysnewry.com/ Suíomh oifigiúil] {{Síol-tír-ni}} [[Catagóir:Meánscoileanna in Éirinn]] [[Catagóir:Iúr Cinn Trá]] h7p9hsla6ufbr85hrdsi938bt9vzg24 1322995 1322994 2026-08-06T15:28:09Z Conradder 34685 1322995 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} Is meánscoil suite in [[Iúr Cinn Trá]] í '''Ardscoil Mhuire''' ({{lang-en|St Mary's High School, Newry}}), a bunaíodh sa bhliain 1961. Is scoil [[Caitliceach]] faoi chothabháil do chailíní 11-18 bliain d'aois í. Tá níos mó ná 800 dalta aici. Tá an scoil suite sa cheantar theas de chuid an [[Údarás Oideachais]]. == Stair == == Iarscoláirí == == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} == Naisc sheachtracha == *[https://www.stmarysnewry.com/ Suíomh oifigiúil] {{Síol-tír-ni}} [[Catagóir:Meánscoileanna in Éirinn]] [[Catagóir:Iúr Cinn Trá]] 5sddw36ajear58kzk85fj92uopm6abq 14 127403 1322997 2026-08-06T16:30:26Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1322997 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 0 127404 1323002 2026-08-06T17:01:57Z Ériugena 188 Bhog Ériugena an leathanach [[Spóracarp (fungas)]] go [[Spórthoradh (fungas)]]: Níl an leagan 'Spóracarp' ar fáil ar Tearma.ieǃ 1323002 wikitext text/x-wiki #athsheoladh [[Spórthoradh (fungas)]] 6gae6xr26qwzygyup9gmh2cjkr3aoh8 14 127405 1323005 2026-08-06T17:24:13Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1323005 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127406 1323019 2026-08-06T17:36:11Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]]' 1323019 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 1 127407 1323030 2026-08-06T17:59:44Z Ériugena 188 /* Basidiomycota */ mír nua 1323030 wikitext text/x-wiki == Basidiomycota == Níor cheart go mbeadh an téarma seo i gcló iodálach.̴̴ [[Úsáideoir:Ériugena|Ériugena]] ([[Plé úsáideora:Ériugena|plé]]) 17:59, 6 Lúnasa 2026 (UTC) brv6nmzemfs4z6l5rveg8cfm7nvw19y 14 127408 1323034 2026-08-06T18:43:05Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Ag athdhíriú go [[Catagóir:Sraitheanna manga]] 1323034 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Catagóir:Sraitheanna manga]] eimq8w00wglltid8z8o59kn6g1pnrsn 0 127409 1323036 2026-08-06T19:19:53Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Infobox animanga/Header | name = Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir<br>{{small|{{small|(Gender-Swap at the Delinquent Academy)}}}} | image = | caption = | ja_kanji = 女体化ヤンキー学園★ | ja_romaji = Nyotaika Yankee Gakuen | genre = [[Gender bender|Malartú inscne]], [[romantic comedy|greann rómánsúil]] }} {{Infobox animanga/Print | type = manga | author = Yori Takao...' 1323036 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox animanga/Header | name = Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir<br>{{small|{{small|(Gender-Swap at the Delinquent Academy)}}}} | image = | caption = | ja_kanji = 女体化ヤンキー学園★ | ja_romaji = Nyotaika Yankee Gakuen | genre = [[Gender bender|Malartú inscne]], [[romantic comedy|greann rómánsúil]] }} {{Infobox animanga/Print | type = manga | author = Yori Takao | publisher = [[Libre (publisher)|Libre]] (cló)<br>Bevy (digiteach) | publisher_en = {{English manga publisher|NA=Renta! (digiteach)}} | demographic = ''[[Shōnen manga|Shōnen]]'' ''[[Yaoi]]'' | magazine = [[Magazine Be × Boy]] ''(cló)''<br>Binkan Kyun Girls ''(digiteach)'' | first = Lúnasa 2014 | last = Nollaig 2020 | volumes = 6 | volume_list = #Imleabhair }} {{Infobox animanga/Footer}} '''''Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir: Tá Sé ag Iarracht Mo Chéad Uair a Ghoid!'''''{{efn|Ar a dtugtar sa tSeapáin '''''Nyotaika Yankee Gakuen ☆ Ore no Hajimete, Nerawaretemasu''''' (as [[Seapánach]]: 女体化ヤンキー学園★ ～オレのハジメテ、狙われてます。～, {{lit.}} ''Scoil na nÓglach a Athraíodh ina gCailíní ☆ Tá Siad ag Iarracht Mo Chéad Uair a Thógáil!'')}} is sraith [[manga]] Seapánach í a scríobh agus a mhaisigh Yori Takao. Cuireadh tús le [[Serial (literature)|sraithfhoilsiú]] na sraithe in iris [[manga]] ''[[yaoi]]'' [[Libre (publisher)|Libre]], ''[[Magazine Be × Boy]]'', agus san iris dhigiteach seach-shraithe ''Binkan Kyun Girls'' in 2014, agus foilsíodh an chéad imleabhar bailithe [[tankōbon]] in 2016. Chuir Renta! ceadúnas ar an tsraith le haghaidh foilsiú digiteach i Meiriceá Thuaidh.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.nautiljon.com/mangas/nyotaika+yankee+gakuen★+-+ore+no+hajimete,+nerawaretemasu..html|script-title=ja:女体化ヤンキー学園★～オレのハジメテ、狙われてます。～|trans-title=](https://www.nautiljon.com/mangas/nyotaika+yankee+gakuen★+-+ore+no+hajimete,+nerawaretemasu..html|script-title=ja:女体化ヤンキー学園★～オレのハジメテ、狙われてます。～|trans-title=''Gender-Swap at the Delinquent Academy''|website=Nautiljon|language=Seapánach|date=19 Márta 2016|accessdate=19 Márta 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite tweet|author-link=Magazine Be × Boy|author=''Be × Boy'' Editorial|user=bboy_editor|number=1340613047400820736|title=[Eagrán nua mhí na Nollag 🌟] ''Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir! -Tá Sé ag Iarracht Mo Chéad Uair a Ghoid!-'' "Is fear mé, ach níl aon mhaith ann, sin mar atá." Toisc gur fear a bhí ann ar dtús (Torao), ní raibh sé ábalta a cheann a choinneáil agus lean sé air ag dul timpeall agus timpeall ...? "''Gender-Swap at the Delinquent Academy ★ ⑥ ~ He's Trying to Get My First Time! ~''" (Takao Yori) 💖 Ar díol anois!}}</ref> ==Achoimre== [[Juvenile delinquency|Óglach trioblóideach]] darb ainm Torao Kadoki tá sé tuirseach de bheith á shárú ag [[wiktionary:top dog|rí na scoile]], Ryouhei Inuzuka. Lá amháin, roimh an dúshlán is déanaí aige, ólann Torao de thaisme rud éigin ó [[vending machine|mheaisín díola]] a athraíonn ina chailín é! Níos measa fós, tá Inuzuka tite go hiomlán i ngrá leis! Cad a dhéanfaidh Torao, atá anois ina Torako, chun filleadh ar a ghnáthchorp agus chun iarrachtaí Inuzuka air a chur ó rath?<ref name=":Renta">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.ebookrenta.com/renta/sc/frm/item/139299|title=Gender-Swap at the Delinquent Academy|website=Renta!|date=3 Nollaig 2020|accessdate=3 Nollaig 2020}}</ref> Agus Torao ag obair le heolaí chun a riocht a aisiompú, an dtitfidh Inuzuka i ngrá leis fós nuair a bheidh sé ina bhuachaill arís?<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://sylphalchemist.wordpress.com/2016/08/15/backlog-attack-part-ii-day-15|title=Backlog Attack Part II: Day 15|website=[[Dengeki Daioh|Sylphal Chemist]]|language=Seapánach|date=15 Lúnasa 2016|accessdate=15 Lúnasa 2016}}</ref> ==Carachtair== ; Torao Kadoki (門木 虎尾) / Torako (虎虎) : Príomhcharachtar na sraithe, [[fear aerach]] agus [[óglaoch trioblóideach]] a athraítear ina chailín gan choinne tar éis dó canna de dheoch bhranda Hinode Drink darb ainm "Become-A-Girl Juice" a ól. ; Ryouhei Inuzuka (犬塚 涼平) : [[Iomaitheoir]] Torao, an "rí" i measc na n-óglaoch trioblóideach, a thiteann i ngrá le "Torako" nuair a thagann sé chun bualadh le Torao don troid a bhí socraithe eatarthu. ; Keiichiro "Take" Takeda (竹田恵一郎) : "Deartháir" níos óige Torao agus a sheirbhíseach. Cabhraíonn sé leis mar go mothaíonn sé ciontach gur thug sé an "Become-A-Girl Juice" dó ó [[mheaisín díola]]. ; Shinpei Kubota (久保田心平) : An dara "deartháir" níos óige agus seirbhíseach ag Torao. Caitheann sé [[mohac]] agus déanann sé cibé rud a iarrann Torao air, beag beann ar a inscne fhisiciúil. ; Miyuki Ogawa (緒川美由紀) : Cailín meánscoile agus iar-chailín Inuzuka a dhéanann cairdeas le Torao. ; Tetsuya Kijiyama (雉山鉄也) : Ceannaire Acadamh Onizaki agus cara óige Torao. Tuigeann sé gur [[Bisexuality|déghnéasach]] é nuair a aithníonn sé go bhfuil sé meallta chuig Torao agus "Torako" araon. ; Torazo Kadoki (門木虎三) : Athair Torao, a léiríonn tuiscint neamhghnách ar an gcás ina bhfuil a mhac. ; Aimi Takeda (竹田愛美) : Deirfiúr Keiichiro, a chuidíonn le Torao foghlaim conas gléasadh tar éis dó a bheith athraithe ina chailín. ; Naomichi Hinode (日ノ出直道) : Mac [[eolaí mire]] Harumichi Hinode, [[bunaitheoir]] agus uachtarán chomhlacht deochanna Hinode Drink. Tá sé i gceannas ar fhorbairt táirgí na cuideachta agus is é a chum an "Become-A-Girl Juice" a d'ól Torao. Tar éis dó bualadh le Torao, tosaíonn sé ag forbairt deoch chomhlántach darb ainm "Become-A-Boy Juice" chun Torao a thabhairt ar ais ina ghnáthchorp. Cláraíonn sé ina dhiaidh sin i rang Torao in Ardscoil Arata Gakuen mar dhalta. Maíonn Naomichi, a chuireann síos air féin mar [[bhodach mná]], gur chodail sé le breis agus 5,000 duine. ; Kiyoshiro Kikuta (菊田清志郎) : [[Rúnaí]] Naomichi. Feidhmíonn sé mar a fear díreach agus déanann sé iarracht cosc a chur ar Naomichi a chuid aireagán a úsáid ar an mbealach céanna a úsáideadh an deoch ar Torao, agus cabhraíonn sé leis Torao a thabhairt ar ais ina ghnáthchorp. ; Mizo Tokage (戸影美三) : Comhscoláire le hInuzuka a chinneann é a phearsanú chun mná a mhealladh óna mbuachaillí féin ionas go mbuailfidís é. Tugtar an leasainm "An Laghairt Dhearg Adharcach" air. ; Go Kumayamada (熊山田豪) : Stiúrthóir chlub [[Aikido]] stíl Kumayamada, a théann i ngleic le Torao. ; Takeshi Onizaki (鬼崎尊) : An máistir intinne taobh thiar d'Acadamh Onizaki. Éiríonn sé feargach le Tetsuya nuair is cosúil go bhfuil Tetsuya tar éis titim i ngrá le Torako. ==Imleabhair== Thosaigh ''Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir'' á shraithfhoilsiú in 2014. D'fhoilsigh Foilsitheoireacht Libre an chéad imleabhar ''[[tankōbon]]'' sa tSeapáin ar an 19 Márta 2016. Go dtí seo, tá sé imleabhar foilsithe. Eisíodh an tsraith i mBéarla ag Renta! go heisiach ar a suíomh gréasáin i mí an Mhárta 2019, roinnte ina 137 eipeasóid aonair. {{Graphic novel list/header | Language = Seapáinis | Width = 75% | LineColor = 1F75FE }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 1 | RelDate = 19 Márta 2016<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.nautiljon.com/mangas/nyotaika+yankee+gakuen★+-+ore+no+hajimete,+nerawaretemasu./volume-1,47717.html|script-title=ja:女体化ヤンキー学園★～オレのハジメテ、狙われてます。～ 01|trans-title=''Gender-Swap at the Delinquent Academy'' 01|website=Nautiljon|language=Seapánach|date=19 Márta 2016|accessdate=19 Márta 2016}}</ref> | ISBN = 978-4-79-972899-4 | LicensedRelDate = 19 Márta 2016<ref name=":Renta" /> | LicensedISBN = | LineColor = 1F75FE }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 2 | RelDate = 19 Eanáir 2017<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.nautiljon.com/mangas/nyotaika+yankee+gakuen★+-+ore+no+hajimete,+nerawaretemasu./volume-2,48344.html|script-title=ja:女体化ヤンキー学園★～オレのハジメテ、狙われてます。～ 02|trans-title=''Gender-Swap at the Delinquent Academy'' 02|website=Nautiljon|language=Seapánach|date=19 Eanáir 2017|accessdate=19 Eanáir 2017}}</ref> | ISBN = 978-4-79-973195-6 | LicensedRelDate = 19 Eanáir 2017 | LicensedISBN = | LineColor = 1F75FE }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 3 | RelDate = 19 Nollaig 2017<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.nautiljon.com/mangas/nyotaika+yankee+gakuen★+-+ore+no+hajimete,+nerawaretemasu./volume-3,48345.html|script-title=ja:女体化ヤンキー学園★～オレのハジメテ、狙われてます。～ 03|trans-title=''Gender-Swap at the Delinquent Academy'' 03|website=Nautiljon|language=Seapánach|date=19 Nollaig 2017|accessdate=19 Nollaig 2017}}</ref> | ISBN = 978-4-79-973649-4 | LicensedRelDate = 19 Nollaig 2017 | LicensedISBN = | LineColor = 1F75FE }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 4 | RelDate = 19 Nollaig 2018<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.nautiljon.com/mangas/nyotaika+yankee+gakuen★+-+ore+no+hajimete,+nerawaretemasu./volume-4,48346.html|script-title=ja:女体化ヤンキー学園★～オレのハジメテ、狙われてます。～ 04|trans-title=''Gender-Swap at the Delinquent Academy'' 04|website=Nautiljon|language=Seapánach|date=19 Nollaig 2018|accessdate=19 Nollaig 2018}}</ref> | ISBN = 978-4-79-974132-0 | LicensedRelDate = 19 Nollaig 2018 | LicensedISBN = | LineColor = 1F75FE }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 5 | RelDate = 19 Nollaig 2019<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.nautiljon.com/mangas/nyotaika+yankee+gakuen★+-+ore+no+hajimete,+nerawaretemasu./volume-5,47718.html|script-title=ja:女体化ヤンキー学園★～オレのハジメTE、狙われてます。～ 05|trans-title=''Gender-Swap at the Delinquent Academy'' 05|website=Nautiljon|language=Seapánach|date=19 Nollaig 2019|accessdate=19 Nollaig 2019}}</ref> | ISBN = 978-4-79-974602-8 | LicensedRelDate = 19 Nollaig 2019 | LicensedISBN = | LineColor = 1F75FE }} {{Graphic novel list | VolumeNumber = 6 | RelDate = 19 Nollaig 2020<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.nautiljon.com/mangas/nyotaika+yankee+gakuen★+-+ore+no+hajimete,+nerawaretemasu./volume-6,944732.html|script-title=ja:女体化ヤンキー学園★～オREのハジメテ、狙われてます。～ 06|trans-title=''Gender-Swap at the Delinquent Academy'' 06|website=Nautiljon|language=Japanese|date=19 Nollaig 2020|accessdate=19 Nollaig 2020}}</ref> | ISBN = 978-4-79-975036-0 | LicensedRelDate = 19 Nollaig 2020 | LicensedISBN = | LineColor = 1F75FE }} {{Graphic novel list/footer}} ==Nótaí== {{Notelist}} ==Tagairtí== {{Reflist|30em}} ==Naisc sheachtracha== * {{Official website|https://www.ebookrenta.com/renta/sc/frm/item/139299|''Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir''}} ag Renta! [[Catagóir:Sraitheanna manga]] 5j6t90gncexf175xaq8mt2j2wse752w 0 127410 1323037 2026-08-06T19:20:50Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Ag athdhíriú go [[Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir]] 1323037 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir]] oqh91b8gvbwa89ywtqqw3ao6uspvvxp 0 127411 1323038 2026-08-06T19:21:32Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Ag athdhíriú go [[Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir]] 1323038 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir]] oqh91b8gvbwa89ywtqqw3ao6uspvvxp 0 127412 1323039 2026-08-06T19:21:44Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Ag athdhíriú go [[Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir]] 1323039 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir]] oqh91b8gvbwa89ywtqqw3ao6uspvvxp 0 127413 1323040 2026-08-06T19:21:56Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Ag athdhíriú go [[Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir]] 1323040 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir]] oqh91b8gvbwa89ywtqqw3ao6uspvvxp 0 127414 1323041 2026-08-06T19:22:35Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Ag athdhíriú go [[Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir]] 1323041 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir]] oqh91b8gvbwa89ywtqqw3ao6uspvvxp 0 127415 1323042 2026-08-06T19:22:51Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Ag athdhíriú go [[Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir]] 1323042 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir]] oqh91b8gvbwa89ywtqqw3ao6uspvvxp 0 127416 1323043 2026-08-06T19:23:04Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Ag athdhíriú go [[Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir]] 1323043 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir]] oqh91b8gvbwa89ywtqqw3ao6uspvvxp 0 127417 1323044 2026-08-06T19:23:14Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Ag athdhíriú go [[Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir]] 1323044 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Malartú-Inscne in Acadamh na nÓgchiontóir]] oqh91b8gvbwa89ywtqqw3ao6uspvvxp 0 127418 1323046 2026-08-06T19:34:01Z Conradder 34685 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} Is scoil ghramadaí í '''Scoil Ghramadaí na Maighdine Muire''' ({{lang-en|Our Lady's Grammar School}}), a bunaíodh sa bhliain 1887. Is scoil [[Caitliceach]] faoi chothabháil do chailíní 11-18 bliain d'aois í. Tá an scoil suite ar Chnoc Seicear in [[Iúr Cinn Trá]]. == Stair == D'oscail [[Siúracha na Trócaire]] an scoil ar 21 Samhain 1887. Ar dtús, níl ach naonúr daltaí ann agus reáchtáladh ranganna i gClochar na...' 1323046 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}} Is scoil ghramadaí í '''Scoil Ghramadaí na Maighdine Muire''' ({{lang-en|Our Lady's Grammar School}}), a bunaíodh sa bhliain 1887. Is scoil [[Caitliceach]] faoi chothabháil do chailíní 11-18 bliain d'aois í. Tá an scoil suite ar Chnoc Seicear in [[Iúr Cinn Trá]]. == Stair == D'oscail [[Siúracha na Trócaire]] an scoil ar 21 Samhain 1887. Ar dtús, níl ach naonúr daltaí ann agus reáchtáladh ranganna i gClochar na Trócaire. Faoi 1894, d'aistrigh an scoil chuig teach ceathair stór i Sráid na Canála. Mhéadaigh daltaí le himeacht aimsire agus d'fhás foirgneamh na scoile ar suíomh idir Sráid na Canála agus Sráid Chaitríona. Sa 1980idí, bhí 660 dalta ag an scoil agus bhí foirgneamh de dhíth uirthi go díocasach. Osclaíodh foirgneamh na scoile nua sa bhliain 1992 ar Chnoc Seicear. Inniu, tá thart ar 930 dalta ag an scoil. == Iarscoláirí == == Tagairtí == {{Reflist}} == Naisc sheachtracha == *[http://www.ourladysgrammar.co.uk/ Suíomh oifigiúil] {{Síol-tír-ni}} [[Catagóir:Meánscoileanna in Éirinn]] [[Catagóir:Iúr Cinn Trá]] kraugp6s01waqxlvcmvka99txfj2gs6 0 127419 1323049 2026-08-06T19:36:23Z Conradder 34685 Ag athdhíriú go [[Scoil Ghramadaí na Maighdine Muire]] 1323049 wikitext text/x-wiki #athsheoladh [[Scoil Ghramadaí na Maighdine Muire]] c4qvpeq92f7o2l413wexavy7qm9963r 10 127420 1323050 2026-08-06T19:45:28Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Infobox | child = {{Yesno|{{if empty|{{{embed|}}}|no}}}} | subbox = {{Yesno|{{if empty|{{{subbox|}}}|no}}}} |bodyclass = ib-comic-book-title ib-comics |templatestyles = Comics infobox sec/styles.css |italic title = {{{italic title|}}} |above=''{{if empty|{{{title|}}}|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}'' |image= {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{if 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{{{startmo|}}}{{space|1}} }}{{{startyr|}}}&nbsp;– {{#if:{{{endmo|}}}| {{{endmo|}}}{{space|1}} }}{{{endyr|}}}| {{#if:{{{startmo|}}}| {{{startmo|}}}{{space|1}} }}{{{startyr|}}}&nbsp;– {{#if:{{{endmo|}}}| {{{endmo|}}}{{space|1}} }}{{{endyr|}}} }} }}| {{#if:{{{startmo|}}}|{{{startmo|}}}{{space|1}}}}{{{startyr|}}} }} }} }} |label7= {{abbr|No.|Number}} of issues |data7= {{#if:{{{issues|}}}|{{{issues|}}}|{{#if:{{yesno|{{{1shot|}}}}}|1}}}} |label8= Main character{{pluralize from text|{{{main_char_team|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} |data8= {{{main_char_team|}}} |label9 = ISSN |data9 = {{#if:{{{issn|}}}|{{ISSNT|{{{issn|}}}}}|}} |header10= {{#if:{{{writers|}}}{{{artists|}}}{{{pencillers|}}}{{{inkers|}}}{{{letterers|}}}{{{colorists|}}}{{{creators|}}}| {{#if:{{{creative_team_year|}}}| {{#if:{{{creative_team_month|}}}| Creative team as of {{{creative_team_month}}} {{{creative_team_year}}}| Creative team as of {{{creative_team_year}}} }}| Creative team }} }} |label11= Created by |data11= {{{creators|}}} |label12= Written by |data12= {{{writers|}}} |label13= Artist{{pluralize from text|{{{artists|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} |data13= {{{artists|}}} |label14= [[Penciller]]{{pluralize from text|{{{pencillers|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} |data14= {{{pencillers|}}} |label15= [[Inker]]{{pluralize from text|{{{inkers|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} |data15= {{{inkers|}}} |label16= [[Letterer]]{{pluralize from text|{{{letterers|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} |data16= {{{letterers|}}} |label17= {{#if:{{{nonUS|}}}|[[Colourist]]{{pluralize from text|{{{colorists|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}|[[Colorist]]{{pluralize from text|{{{colorists|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} |data17= {{{colorists|}}} |label18= Editor{{pluralize from text|{{{editors|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} |data18= {{{editors|}}} |header19={{#if:{{both|{{{TPB|}}}|{{{ISBN|}}}}}{{both|{{{TPB1|}}}|{{{ISBN1|}}}}}{{both|{{{TPB2|}}}|{{{ISBN2|}}}}}{{both|{{{TPB3|}}}|{{{ISBN3|}}}}}{{both|{{{TPB4|}}}|{{{ISBN4|}}}}}{{both|{{{TPB5|}}}|{{{ISBN5|}}}}}{{both|{{{TPB6|}}}|{{{ISBN6|}}}}}{{both|{{{TPB7|}}}|{{{ISBN7|}}}}}{{both|{{{TPB8|}}}|{{{ISBN8|}}}}}{{both|{{{TPB9|}}}|{{{ISBN9|}}}}}{{both|{{{TPB10|}}}|{{{ISBN10|}}}}}{{both|{{{TPB11|}}}|{{{ISBN11|}}}}}{{both|{{{TPB12|}}}|{{{ISBN12|}}}}}{{both|{{{TPB13|}}}|{{{ISBN13|}}}}}{{both|{{{TPB14|}}}|{{{ISBN14|}}}}}|{{#if:{{{CEheader|}}}|[[{{{CEheader}}}|Collected editions]]|[[#Collected editions|Collected editions]]}}}} |label20= ''{{{TPB|}}}'' |data20= {{#if:{{both|{{{TPB|}}}|{{{ISBN|}}}}}|{{ISBN|{{{ISBN|}}}}} {{{ISBN_note|}}}}} |label21= ''{{{TPB1|}}}'' |data21= {{#if:{{both|{{{TPB1|}}}|{{{ISBN1|}}}}}|{{ISBN|{{{ISBN1|}}}}} {{{ISBN1_note|}}}}} |label22= ''{{{TPB2|}}}'' |data22= {{#if:{{both|{{{TPB2|}}}|{{{ISBN2|}}}}}|{{ISBN|{{{ISBN2|}}}}} {{{ISBN2_note|}}}}} |label23= ''{{{TPB3|}}}'' |data23= {{#if:{{both|{{{TPB3|}}}|{{{ISBN3|}}}}}|{{ISBN|{{{ISBN3|}}}}} {{{ISBN3_note|}}}}} |label24= ''{{{TPB4|}}}'' |data24= {{#if:{{both|{{{TPB4|}}}|{{{ISBN4|}}}}}|{{ISBN|{{{ISBN4|}}}}} {{{ISBN4_note|}}}}} |label25= ''{{{TPB5|}}}'' |data25= {{#if:{{both|{{{TPB5|}}}|{{{ISBN5|}}}}}|{{ISBN|{{{ISBN5|}}}}} {{{ISBN5_note|}}}}} |label26= ''{{{TPB6|}}}'' |data26= {{#if:{{both|{{{TPB6|}}}|{{{ISBN6|}}}}}|{{ISBN|{{{ISBN6|}}}}} {{{ISBN6_note|}}}}} |label27= ''{{{TPB7|}}}'' |data27= {{#if:{{both|{{{TPB7|}}}|{{{ISBN7|}}}}}|{{ISBN|{{{ISBN7|}}}}} {{{ISBN7_note|}}}}} |label28= ''{{{TPB8|}}}'' |data28= {{#if:{{both|{{{TPB8|}}}|{{{ISBN8|}}}}}|{{ISBN|{{{ISBN8|}}}}} {{{ISBN8_note|}}}}} |label29= ''{{{TPB9|}}}'' |data29= {{#if:{{both|{{{TPB9|}}}|{{{ISBN9|}}}}}|{{ISBN|{{{ISBN9|}}}}} {{{ISBN9_note|}}}}} |label30= ''{{{TPB10|}}}'' |data30= {{#if:{{both|{{{TPB10|}}}|{{{ISBN10|}}}}}|{{ISBN|{{{ISBN10|}}}}} {{{ISBN10_note|}}}}} |label31= ''{{{TPB11|}}}'' |data31= {{#if:{{both|{{{TPB11|}}}|{{{ISBN11|}}}}}|{{ISBN|{{{ISBN11|}}}}} {{{ISBN11_note|}}}}} |label32= ''{{{TPB12|}}}'' |data32= {{#if:{{both|{{{TPB12|}}}|{{{ISBN12|}}}}}|{{ISBN|{{{ISBN12|}}}}} {{{ISBN12_note|}}}}} |label33= ''{{{TPB13|}}}'' |data33= {{#if:{{both|{{{TPB13|}}}|{{{ISBN13|}}}}}|{{ISBN|{{{ISBN13|}}}}} {{{ISBN13_note|}}}}} |label34= ''{{{TPB14|}}}'' |data34= {{#if:{{both|{{{TPB14|}}}|{{{ISBN14|}}}}}|{{ISBN|{{{ISBN14|}}}}} {{{ISBN14_note|}}}}} }}<!-- Error cats -->{{#if:{{#if:{{{ISBN|}}}|{{#if:{{{TPB|}}}||E}}}}{{#if:{{{ISBN1|}}}|{{#if:{{{TPB1|}}}||E}}}}{{#if:{{{ISBN2|}}}|{{#if:{{{TPB2|}}}||E}}}}{{#if:{{{ISBN3|}}}|{{#if:{{{TPB3|}}}||E}}}}{{#if:{{{ISBN4|}}}|{{#if:{{{TPB4|}}}||E}}}}{{#if:{{{ISBN5|}}}|{{#if:{{{TPB5|}}}||E}}}}{{#if:{{{ISBN6|}}}|{{#if:{{{TPB6|}}}||E}}}}{{#if:{{{ISBN7|}}}|{{#if:{{{TPB7|}}}||E}}}}{{#if:{{{ISBN8|}}}|{{#if:{{{TPB8|}}}||E}}}}{{#if:{{{ISBN9|}}}|{{#if:{{{TPB9|}}}||E}}}}{{#if:{{{ISBN10|}}}|{{#if:{{{TPB10|}}}||E}}}}{{#if:{{{ISBN11|}}}|{{#if:{{{TPB11|}}}||E}}}}{{#if:{{{ISBN12|}}}|{{#if:{{{TPB12|}}}||E}}}}{{#if:{{{ISBN13|}}}|{{#if:{{{TPB13|}}}||E}}}}{{#if:{{{ISBN14|}}}|{{#if:{{{TPB14|}}}||E}}}}|[[Category:Pages using ISBN without TPB]]}}<!-- Deprecated parameters cats -->{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|[[Category:Pages using infobox comic book title with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview = Page using [[Template:Infobox comic book title]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y | embed | italic title| title| image| imagesize| image_size| alt| noimage| caption| publisher| schedule| format| date| issues| main_char_team| limited| ongoing| 1shot| genre| multigenre| Adaptation| Base| Adventure| AltHistory| Anarch| Furry| Anthro| Autobio| Biopunk| Bond| Christian| Chthulu| Crime| Crossover| Cyberpunk| Detective| Erotic| Fantasy| Historical| Horror| Humor| LoEG| Magic| MArts| Mystery| Myth| Office| Philosophy| Politico| PostApoc| Psych| Romance| School| SciFi| Sport| Spy| Steampunk| Superhero| Swash| TechnoThril| Thrill| Vampire| War| Werewolf| Western| WotW| zh| Zombie| startyr| endyr| startmo| endmo| issn| writers| artists| pencillers| inkers| letterers| colorists| creators| creative_team_year| creative_team_month| nonUS| editors| TPB| ISBN| TPB1| ISBN1| TPB2| ISBN2| TPB3| ISBN3| TPB4| ISBN4| TPB5| ISBN5| TPB6| ISBN6| TPB7| ISBN7| TPB8| ISBN8| TPB9| ISBN9| TPB10| ISBN10| TPB11| ISBN11| TPB12| ISBN12| TPB13| ISBN13| TPB14| ISBN14| CEheader| ISBN_note| ISBN1_note| ISBN2_note| ISBN3_note| ISBN4_note| ISBN5_note| ISBN6_note| ISBN7_note| ISBN8_note| ISBN9_note| ISBN10_note| ISBN11_note| ISBN12_note| ISBN13_note| ISBN14_note| addpubcat1| addpubcat2| addpubcat3| addpubcat4| addpubcat5| addpubcat6| sort| subcat| subbox | altcat| limsub| Anthology }}<!-- Maintenance cats --><includeonly><!-- -->{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}|[[Category:Misplaced comics infoboxes|T {{PAGENAME}}]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||<!-- -->{{#if:{{{image|}}}||{{#if:{{{noimage|}}}||[[Category:Comics infobox without image|{{PAGENAME}}]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{image|}}}|{{#if:{{{caption|}}}||[[Category:Comics infobox image less caption|{{PAGENAME}}]]}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{addpubcat1|}}}{{{addpubcat2|}}}{{{addpubcat3|}}}{{{addpubcat4|}}}{{{addpubcat5|}}}{{{addpubcat6|}}}|[[Category:Infobox comic book title param (addpubcat)|{{PAGENAME}}]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{noimage|}}}|[[Category:Comics templates parameter noimage in use|{{PAGENAME}}]]}}<!-- Publisher/Country cats -->{{#if:{{{sort|}}}| {{#if:{{{subcat|}}}| {{#switch:{{{subcat|}}} |DC |DC Comics = {{#if:{{yesno|{{{limited|}}}}}| {{#if:{{yesno|{{{ongoing|}}}}}| [[Category:DC Comics titles{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]| [[Category:DC Comics limited series{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]] }} }} |Dark Horse |Dark Horse Comics = {{#if:{{yesno|{{{limited}}}}}| {{#if:{{yesno|{{{ongoing|}}}}}| [[Category:Dark Horse Comics titles{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]| [[Category:Dark Horse Comics limited series{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]] }} }} |EC |EC Comics = [[Category:EC Comics publications{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]] |Image |Image Comics = {{#if:{{yesno|{{{limited}}}}}| {{#if:{{yesno|{{{ongoing|}}}}}| [[Category:Image Comics titles{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]| [[Category:Image Comics limited series{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]] }} }} |Marvel |Marvel Comics = {{#if:{{yesno|{{{limited}}}}}| {{#if:{{yesno|{{{ongoing|}}}}}| [[Category:Marvel Comics titles{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]| [[Category:Marvel Comics limited series{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]] }} }} |Vertigo |Vertigo Comics = {{#if:{{yesno|{{{limited}}}}}| {{#if:{{yesno|{{{ongoing|}}}}}| [[Category:Vertigo Comics titles{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]| [[Category:Vertigo Comics limited series{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]] }} }} |Wildstorm |WildStorm |Wildstorm Comics |Wildstorm Publications = {{#if:{{yesno|{{{limited}}}}}| {{#if:{{yesno|{{{ongoing|}}}}}| [[Category:WildStorm titles{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]| [[Category:WildStorm limited series{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]] }} }} |[[Category:{{{subcat|}}} titles{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]] }}| {{#if:{{{altcat|}}}| [[Category:{{{altcat|}}}{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]| [[Category:Comics publications{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{addpubcat1|}}}|[[Category:{{{addpubcat1|}}}{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{addpubcat2|}}}|[[Category:{{{addpubcat2|}}}{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{addpubcat3|}}}|[[Category:{{{addpubcat3|}}}{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{addpubcat4|}}}|[[Category:{{{addpubcat4|}}}{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{addpubcat5|}}}|[[Category:{{{addpubcat5|}}}{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{addpubcat6|}}}|[[Category:{{{addpubcat6|}}}{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]}}<!-- Format cats -->{{Comics infobox sec/formcat |sort = {{{sort|}}} |limited = {{{limited|}}} |limsub = {{{limsub|}}} |subcat = {{{subcat|}}} |1shot = {{{1shot|}}} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{startyr|}}}| [[Category:{{{startyr|}}} comics debuts{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]] }}{{#if:{{{endyr|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{endyr|}}}|present| | [[Category:{{{endyr|}}} comics endings{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]}} }}<!-- Genre cats -->{{Comics infobox sec/genrecat |sort = {{if empty|{{{sort|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}} |Adaptation = {{{Adaptation|}}} |Adventure = {{{Adventure|}}} |AltHistory = {{{AltHistory|}}} |Anarch = {{{Anarch|}}} |Anthology = {{{Anthology|}}} |Anthro = {{{Furry|}}}{{{Anthro|}}} |Autobio = {{{Autobio|}}} |Biopunk = {{{Biopunk|}}} |Bond = {{{Bond|}}} |Christian = {{{Christian|}}} |Chthulu = {{{Chthulu|}}} |Crime = {{{Crime|}}} |Cyberpunk = {{{Cyberpunk|}}} |Detective = {{{Detective|}}} |Erotic = {{{Erotic|}}} |Fantasy = {{{Fantasy|}}} |Historical = {{{Historical|}}} |Horror = {{{Horror|}}} |Humor = {{{Humor|}}} |LoEG = {{{LoEG|}}} |Magic = {{{Magic|}}} |MArts = {{{MArts|}}} |Mystery = {{{Mystery|}}} |Myth = {{{Myth|}}} |Office = {{{Office|}}} |PostApoc = {{{PostApoc|}}} |Romance = {{{Romance|}}} |SciFi = {{{SciFi|}}} |Spy = {{{Spy|}}} |Steampunk = {{{Steampunk|}}} |Superhero = {{{Superhero|}}} |TechnoThril = {{{TechnoThril|}}} |Vampire = {{{Vampire|}}} |War = {{{War|}}} |WotW = {{{WotW|}}} |Werewolf = {{{Werewolf|}}} |Western = {{{Western|}}} |zh = {{{zh|}}} |Zombie = {{{Zombie|}}} }}<!-- -->}}<!-- --></includeonly>{{#invoke:Check for conflicting parameters|check | template = [[Template:Infobox comic book title]] | imagesize; image_size }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> npofur5490jsobgvxoopokv1kr7hsw4 10 127421 1323051 2026-08-06T19:45:37Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE --> {{High-use}} {{Auto italic title}} {{Lua|Module:Infobox|Module:Check isxn|Module:Check for unknown parameters}} {{Uses TemplateStyles|Template:Comics infobox sec/styles.css}} This template is designed to be used for articles about comic book series or publications. For a series that has run through multiple publications with different titles or a strip, {{tl|Infobox comics meta se...' 1323051 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE --> {{High-use}} {{Auto italic title}} {{Lua|Module:Infobox|Module:Check isxn|Module:Check for unknown parameters}} {{Uses TemplateStyles|Template:Comics infobox sec/styles.css}} This template is designed to be used for articles about comic book series or publications. For a series that has run through multiple publications with different titles or a strip, {{tl|Infobox comics meta series}} should be used. For European publications and strips, given the tendency for anthology titles to predominate, consider using {{tl|Infobox comic}}. If this infobox is used or going to be used as a secondary infobox in an article on a character or team featured in a publication of the same name, please consider using the appropriate composite infobox listed [[#Composite infoboxes|below]]. == Usage == <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="float: right; width: 40%;"> {{Infobox comic book title | title = | image = <!-- filename format only --> | image_size = <!-- default 250 --> | alt = | caption = | schedule = | format = | limited = Y | ongoing = Y | 1shot = Y | genre = '''''see below''''' | publisher = | date = | startmo = | startyr = | endmo = | endyr = | issues = | main_char_team = | issn = | writers = | artists = | pencillers = | inkers = | letterers = | colorists = | editors = | creative_team_month = | creative_team_year = | creators = | CEheader = | TPB = | ISBN = | subcat = | altcat = | sort = | addpubcat# = | nonUS = }} </syntaxhighlight> {{Infobox comic book title | italic title = no | title = {{{title}}}<br>Batman | image = Wikipe-tan_head.png | image_size = 200 | caption = {{{caption}}} | publisher = {{{publisher}}}<br>DC Comics | schedule = {{{schedule}}}<br>Monthly, with one bi-weekly and bi-monthly runs. | format = {{{format}}} | genre = {{{genre}}} | date = {{{date}}}<br>Spring 1940&nbsp;– present | issues = {{{issues}}}<br>678 + 1 million and 0 issues | main_char_team = {{{main_char_team}}}<br>Batman | writers = {{{writers}}}<br>'''Current:'''<br>Grant Morrison | artists = {{{artists}}}<br>Tony Daniel | pencillers = {{{pencillers}}} | inkers = {{{inkers}}} | letterers = {{{letterers}}} | colorists = {{{colorists}}} | creators = {{{creators}}}<br>Bob Kane and Bill Finger | TPB = {{{TPB}}} | ISBN = {{{ISBN}}} }} ===Parameter notes=== ====Common elements==== * Most of the parameters are designed only to show in the infobox if something is entered. They can be left in the template and empty if the item does not pertain to the article or if the information is not known at the time the template is added. * The '''title''' field is an exception. If left empty the infobox will not generate a title. If the title for the infobox is the same as the title of the article, '''title''' can either be deleted or commented out. The latter is preferable since the name of the article, or the preferred name of the infobox may change. * For multiple items in one field, '''separate each with <nowiki><br /></nowiki>'''. *:: ''Example:'' creators=Stan Lee<nowiki><br /></nowiki>Jack Kirby * Placing images in the infobox uses three fields: ** '''image''' which is just the filname of the image. The template will add the markup to show the image. **:: ''Example:'' image= example.jpg ** '''imagesize''' which is the ''width'' the image will display at. The template will only accept a number here. If left empty or if a string (such as "225px") is entered, the image will default to 250px wide. *** If you find the image to be too tall, reduce the size below 250px. *** The parameter is capped at maximum width of 250. Entering values greater than this will result in the default setting being used. *** The image will also cap at 450 in height. * The '''caption''' will appear below the image. Keep it short, but indicate the original source published source of the image and the artist(s). *:: ''Example:'' A comic book issue cover would be captioned as "''Wolverine'' vol 2, #17. Art by John Byrne." ====Specific elements==== * '''schedule''' is how frequently the title was published. * '''format''' indicates if the title was an ongoing series, limited series, or a one-shot. It is normally generated selecting one of the following logical fields. However, an entry like "type=(vol. 1) Limited series<nowiki><br></nowiki>(vol. 2) Ongoing" will over ride them. Note that the logical fields are not mutually exclusive as title with multiple volumes may have been published on each format. ** '''limited''' for limited series. See also [[#Categories|Categories]]. ** '''ongoing''' for a series that was not intended to have a finite run or set final issue number. ** '''1shot''' for one issues runs. See also [[#Categories|Categories]]. * '''genre''' is not a field for keying, but a set of logical fields which relate to the major genre(s) that the title uses for its stories. The fields will also put the article into the proper categories under [[:Category:Comics genres]]. To add genres, add one of those listed [[#Genre list|below]] in the form "{{mono|genre {{=}} Y}}". If multiple genres apply, add "{{mono|multigenre{{=}}y }}" and use "{{mono|genre {{=}} first}}" for the genre which is displayed first. The displayed order cannot be changed. <code>first</code> does not move a genre to the front but has to be used on the genre which is already at the front. * '''date''' is the period that the title was in publication. Normal convention is to list the [[cover date]]s, with the months not abbreviated. The year(s) can also be entered as <nowiki>[[YEAR in comics|YEAR]]</nowiki>. * '''issues''' is the number of issues the title ran. This can be annotated with any odd numbering sequences. '''1shot''' will automatically enter a "1" here. * Creators and primary characters/teams that are, or have been, involved with title can be listed with the following fields. These fields should be minimal, please keep this in mind when dealing with long running titles. ** '''main_char_team''' ** '''issn''' the [[ISSN]] number with which periodicals should be classified ** '''writers''' ** '''artists''' *** '''''NOTE:''''' '''artist''' should be used when listing creators who contributed in more than one capacity as a penciller, inker, and/or colorist. This would also include those who work in painted or photographic art. ** '''pencillers''' ** '''inkers''' ** '''letterers''' ** '''colorists''' ** '''editors''' * '''creative_team_month''' and '''creative_team_year''' create and "as of" notation in the "Creative team" header. Care should be taken with using these fields in light of [[WP:DATED]]. * '''creators''' lists those that created the series and its signature characters or team. It should not include creators of previously existing characters that were brought into the title. * '''NonUS''' is a logical notation for items that were published using non-American spellings. At present this only affects the "Colorist/Colourist" field. * '''CEheader''' will change the page that '''Collected editions''' directs to. Defaults to <nowiki>#Collected editions</nowiki>. See [[The New 52]] as an example of how this is used. * '''TPB''' and '''ISBN''' are used to list notable collected editions. Up to 14 pairs can be accommodated (ISBN1, ISBN2, ... ISBN14). An ISBN is displayed only if there is a corresponding TPB value. "Notable" in this case would be the first printing of one of the first few collections or a collection with citable critical acclaim (industry award nominee or winner for example). ====Categories==== This infobox has been designed to automatically place articles its added to into appropriate categories under [[:Category:Comics publications]]. To do this the following parameters are used. * '''subcat''' is used to specify a particular subcategory of [[:Category:Comics publications]]. This can be a publisher, imprint, character/team, or nation of original publication. Please review the noted category for which subcategories exist. * '''altcat''' is used for cases where "titles" is not the ending of the appropriate category. ** '''''Note:''''' '''subcat''' and '''altcat''' are mutually exclusive. If both are left empty, the article will be placed into [[:Category:Comics publications]] by default. * Two of the logical fields for format will add the article to categories in addition to that set by '''subcat''' or '''altcat'''. ** '''limited''' This will also automatically sort the article into [[:Category:Comic book limited series]]. This will interact with '''subcat''' to a degree. *** In cases where there is an ongoing and a limited series where the subcategories are different, then use '''limsub''' for the subcategory for the limited series. ***:: ''Example:'' If DC Comics produced an onging that was cancelled prior to 1980, and then produced a limited series of the same title, but published under the Vertigo imprint, the following would be entered:<br>{{mono|{{!}}limited {{=}} y<br>{{!}}ongoing {{=}} y<br>{{!}}subcat {{=}} DC Comics<br>{{!}}limsub {{=}} Vertigo}} ** '''1shot''' This will also automatically sort the article into [[:Category:One-shot comic titles]] * The '''genre''' logical fields will also add the appropriate categories. * '''sortkey''' is the title by which the article will be sorted in the categories placed by the template. This sorting will default to <nowiki>{{PAGENAME}}</nowiki> and will override <nowiki>{{DEFAULTSORT}}</nowiki> listings in the article. Due to markup limitations, this parameter will not recognize a leading space. * Additional subcats of [[:Category: Comics titles by company]] and [[:Category:Comics titles by country]] can be added with '''addpubcat#'''. Replace "#" with a number (currently the template is set up for 6 additional cats) and list the full category title. Please list the categories in publication order. ====Genre list==== {{Infobox comic book title/genre list}} ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Comics infobox without image}} * {{clc|Comics infobox image less caption}} * {{clc|Comics infobox with conflicting genres}} * {{clc|Misplaced comics infoboxes}} * {{clc|Infobox comic book title param (addpubcat)}} * {{clc|Comics templates parameter noimage in use}} * {{clc|Pages using infobox comic book title with unknown parameters}} * {{clc|Pages using ISBN without TPB}} {{Comics-related infobox templates}} <includeonly>{{basepage subpage| <!-- CATEGORIES HERE, THANKS --> [[Category:Comic book infobox templates|Title]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> gfp7vawyxhi4ix7axcqb8ftbrlpvqvt 10 127422 1323052 2026-08-06T19:46:34Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude>' 1323052 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> ltzf24yhonbtovmhn069rvcyx9c1gf7 10 127423 1323053 2026-08-06T19:46:48Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Documentation subpage}} This page serves as a hub for component sections used on multiple Comics Project infoboxes. *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/creator}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/creator_nat}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/first}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/franchise}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/genre}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/run}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/addcat}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/altcat}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/charactercat}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/creatorc...' 1323053 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} This page serves as a hub for component sections used on multiple Comics Project infoboxes. *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/creator}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/creator_nat}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/first}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/franchise}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/genre}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/run}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/addcat}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/altcat}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/charactercat}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/creatorcat}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/formcat}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/genrecat}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/propcat1}} *{{tl|comics infobox sec/propcat2}} *{{tl|Comics infobox sec/pubcat}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line --> [[Category:Comic book infobox templates|τ {{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 6cg2llzpixni4udan1uev9zjcpobf1o 10 127424 1323054 2026-08-06T19:47:20Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{#if:{{{genre|}}}|{{{genre}}} |{{#if:{{{Adaptation|}}}{{{Adventure|}}}{{{AltHistory|}}}{{{Anarch|}}}{{{Anthro|}}}{{{Autobio|}}}{{{Base|}}}{{{Biopunk|}}}{{{Bond|}}}{{{Christian|}}}{{{Chthulu|}}}{{{Crime|}}}{{{Crossover|}}}{{{Cyberpunk|}}}{{{Detective|}}}{{{Erotic|}}}{{{Fantasy|}}}{{{Furry|}}}{{{Historical|}}}{{{Horror|}}}{{{Humor|}}}{{{LoEG|}}}{{{Magic|}}}{{{MArts|}}}{{{multigenre|}}}{{{Mystery|}}}{{{Myth|}}}{{{nonUS|}}}{{{Office|}}}{{{Philosophy|}}}{{{Politico|}}...' 1323054 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{genre|}}}|{{{genre}}} |{{#if:{{{Adaptation|}}}{{{Adventure|}}}{{{AltHistory|}}}{{{Anarch|}}}{{{Anthro|}}}{{{Autobio|}}}{{{Base|}}}{{{Biopunk|}}}{{{Bond|}}}{{{Christian|}}}{{{Chthulu|}}}{{{Crime|}}}{{{Crossover|}}}{{{Cyberpunk|}}}{{{Detective|}}}{{{Erotic|}}}{{{Fantasy|}}}{{{Furry|}}}{{{Historical|}}}{{{Horror|}}}{{{Humor|}}}{{{LoEG|}}}{{{Magic|}}}{{{MArts|}}}{{{multigenre|}}}{{{Mystery|}}}{{{Myth|}}}{{{nonUS|}}}{{{Office|}}}{{{Philosophy|}}}{{{Politico|}}}{{{PostApoc|}}}{{{Psych|}}}{{{Romance|}}}{{{School|}}}{{{SciFi|}}}{{{Sport|}}}{{{Spy|}}}{{{Steampunk|}}}{{{Superhero|}}}{{{Swash|}}}{{{TechnoThril|}}}{{{Thrill|}}}{{{TimeTravel|}}}{{{Vampire|}}}{{{War|}}}{{{Werewolf|}}}{{{Western|}}}{{{WotW|}}}{{{WW1|}}}{{{WW2|}}}{{{zh|}}}{{{Zombie|}}} |{{plainlist| *<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Adventure|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}|[[Action (genre)|Action]]/[[Adventure (genre)|adventure]] |{{#if:{{{MArts|}}}{{{Spy|}}}{{{Bond|}}}{{{Superhero|}}}{{{Swash|}}}{{{War|}}}|[[Category:Comics infobox with conflicting genres]]| [[Action (genre)|Action]]/[[Adventure (genre)|adventure]] }}}} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{AltHistory|}}}{{{LoEG|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{AltHistory|}}}{{{LoEG|}}} |first = [[Alternate history]] |, [[alternate history]] }}| [[Alternate history]] }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Anarch|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Anarch|}}} |first = [[Anarchism|Anarchist]] |, [[Anarchism|anarchist]] }}| [[Anarchism|Anarchist]] }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Autobio|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Autobio|}}} |first = [[Autobiographical comics|Autobiography]] |, [[Autobiographical comics|autobiography]] }}| [[Autobiographical comics|Autobiography]] }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Biopunk|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Biopunk|}}} |first = [[Biopunk#Science fiction genre|Biopunk]] |, [[Biopunk#Science fiction genre|biopunk]] }}| [[Biopunk#Science fiction genre|Biopunk]] }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Christian|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Christian|}}} |first = [[Christian]] |, [[christian]] }}| [[Christian]] }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Fantasy|}}}| {{#if:{{{Humor|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Fantasy|}}} |first = {{#switch:{{{Humor|}}} |first = [[Comic fantasy]] |, [[comic fantasy]] }} |, [[comic fantasy]] }}| [[Comic fantasy]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Humor|}}}| {{#if:{{{SciFi|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Humor|}}} |first = {{#switch:{{{SciFi|}}} |first = [[Comic science fiction]] |, [[comic science fiction]] }} |, [[comic science fiction]] }}| [[Comic science fiction]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Crime|}}}| {{#if:{{{Mystery|}}}{{{Detective|}}}{{{Thrill|}}}|| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Crime|}}} |first = [[Crime fiction|Crime]] |, [[Crime fiction|crime]] }}| [[Crime fiction|Crime]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Crime|}}}| {{#if:{{{Thrill|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Crime|}}} |first = {{#switch:{{{Thrill|}}} |first = Crime-thriller |, crime-thriller }} |, crime-thriller }}| Crime-thriller }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Cyberpunk|}}}| {{#if:{{{Biopunk|}}}{{{Steampunk|}}}{{{LoEG|}}}{{{WotW|}}}|| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Cyberpunk|}}} |first = [[Cyberpunk]] |, [[cyberpunk]] }}| [[Cyberpunk]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Erotic|}}}| {{#if:{{{Horror|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Erotic|}}} |first = {{#switch:{{{Horror|}}} |first = [[Erotic horror|Dark erotica]] |, [[Erotic horror|dark erotica]] }} |, [[Erotic horror|dark erotica]] }}| [[Erotic horror|Dark erotica]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Fantasy|}}}| {{#if:{{{Horror|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Fantasy|}}} |first = {{#switch:{{{Horror|}}} |first = [[Dark fantasy]] |, [[dark fantasy]] }} |, [[dark fantasy]] }}| [[Dark fantasy]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Detective|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Detective|}}} |first = [[Detective fiction|Detective]] |, [[Detective fiction|detective]] }}| [[Detective fiction|Detective]] }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Erotic|}}}| {{#if:{{{Fantasy|}}}{{{Horror|}}}|| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Erotic|}}} |first = [[Erotic comics|Erotic]] |, [[Erotic comics|erotic]] }}| [[Erotic comics|Erotic]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Erotic|}}}| {{#if:{{{Fantasy|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Erotic|}}} |first = {{#switch:{{{Fantasy|}}} |first = [[Fantasy subgenres#Erotic fantasy|Erotic fantasy]] |, [[Fantasy subgenres#Erotic fantasy|erotic fantasy]] }} |, [[Fantasy subgenres#Erotic fantasy|erotic fantasy]] }}| [[Fantasy subgenres#Erotic fantasy|Erotic fantasy]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Fantasy|}}}| {{#if:{{{Erotic|}}}{{{Historical|}}}{{{Horror|}}}{{{Humor|}}}{{{Romance|}}}{{{SciFi|}}}|| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Fantasy|}}} |first = [[Fantasy]] |, [[fantasy]] }}| [[Fantasy]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Furry|}}}{{{Anthro|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Anthro|}}} |furry-first = [[Furry fandom|Furry]] |furry = , [[Furry fandom|furry]] |funny-first = [[Funny animal]] |funny = , [[funny animal]] }}| {{#switch:{{{Anthro|}}} |furry = [[Furry fandom|Furry]] |funny = [[Funny animal]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Horror|}}}| {{#if:{{{SciFi|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Horror|}}} |first = {{#switch:{{{SciFi|}}} |first = [[Gothic science fiction]] |, [[gothic science fiction]] }} |, [[gothic science fiction]] }}| [[Gothic science fiction]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Historical|}}}| {{#if:{{{AltHistory|}}}{{{LoEG|}}}{{{Fantasy|}}}{{{Romance|}}}|| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Historical|}}} |first = [[Historical fiction|Historical]] |, [[Historical fiction|historical]] }}| [[Historical fiction|Historical]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Fantasy|}}}| {{#if:{{{Historical|}}}| {{#if:{{{MArts|}}}| {{#if:{{{zh|}}}|| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Fantasy|}}} |first = {{#switch:{{{Historical|}}} |first = [[Historical fantasy]] |, [[historical fantasy]] }} |, [[historical fantasy]] }}| [[Historical fantasy]] }} }}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Fantasy|}}} |first = {{#switch:{{{Historical|}}} |first = [[Historical fantasy]] |, [[historical fantasy]] }} |, [[historical fantasy]] }}| [[Historical fantasy]] }} }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Historical|}}}| {{#if:{{{Romance|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Historical|}}} |first = {{#switch:{{{Romance|}}} |first = [[Historical romance]] |, [[historical romance]] }} |, [[historical romance]] }}| [[Historical romance]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Horror|}}}{{{Chthulu|}}}| {{#if:{{{Erotic|}}}{{{Fantasy|}}}{{{SciFi|}}}{{{Western|}}}|| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Horror|}}}{{{Chthulu|}}} |first = [[Horror comics|Horror]] |, [[Horror comics|horror]] }}| [[Horror comics|Horror]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Humor|}}}| {{#if:{{{Fantasy|}}}{{{Romance|}}}{{{SciFi|}}}|| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Humor|}}} |first = [[Comedy|Humo{{#if:{{{nonUS|}}}|u|}}r/comedy]] |, [[Comedy|humo{{#if:{{{nonUS|}}}|u|}}r/comedy]] }}| [[Comedy|Humo{{#if:{{{nonUS|}}}|u|}}r/comedy]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{MArts|}}}| {{#if:{{{zh|}}}| {{#if:{{{Fantasy|}}}| {{#if:{{{Historical|}}}|| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{MArts|}}} |first = [[Martial arts film|Martial arts]] |, [[Martial arts film|martial arts]] }}| [[Martial arts film|Martial arts]] }} }}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{MArts|}}} |first = [[Martial arts film|Martial arts]] |, [[Martial arts film|Martial arts]] }}| [[Martial arts film|martial arts]] }} }}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{MArts|}}} |first = [[Martial arts film|Martial arts]] |, [[Martial arts film|martial arts]] }}| [[Martial arts film|Martial arts]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{SciFi|}}}| {{#if:{{{War|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{SciFi|}}} |first = {{#switch:{{{War|}}} |first = [[Military science fiction]] |, [[military science fiction]] }} |, [[military science fiction]] }}| [[Military science fiction]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Mystery|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Mystery|}}} |first = [[Mystery (fiction)|Mystery]] |, [[Mystery (fiction)|mystery]] }}| [[Mystery (fiction)|Mystery]] }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Office|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Office|}}} |first = Office |, office }}| Office }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Philosophy|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Philosophy|}}} |first = [[Philosophical fiction|Philosophical]] |, [[Philosophical fiction|philosophical]] }}| [[Philosophical fiction|Philosophical]] }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Politico|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Politico|}}} |first = [[Political fiction|Political]] |, [[Political fiction|political]] }}| [[Political fiction|Political]] }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{PostApoc|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{PostApoc|}}} |first = [[Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction|Post-apocalyptic]] |, [[Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction|post-apocalyptic]] }}| [[Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction|Post-apocalyptic]] }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Psych|}}}| {{#if:{{{Thrill|}}}|| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Psych|}}} |first = Psychological |, psychological }}| Psychological }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Psych|}}}| {{#if:{{{Thrill|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Psych|}}} |first = {{#switch:{{{Thrill|}}} |first = Psychological-thriller |, psychological-thriller }} |, psychological-thriller }}| Psychological-thriller }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Romance|}}}| {{#if:{{{Fantasy|}}}{{{Historical|}}}{{{Humor|}}}|| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Romance|}}} |first = [[Romance novel|Romance]] |, [[Romance novel|romance]] }}| [[Romance novel|Romance]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Humor|}}}| {{#if:{{{Romance|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Humor|}}} |first = {{#switch:{{{Romance|}}} |first = [[Romantic comedy]] |, [[romantic comedy]] }} |, [[romantic comedy]] }}| [[Romantic comedy]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Fantasy|}}}| {{#if:{{{Romance|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Fantasy|}}} |first = {{#switch:{{{Romance|}}} |first = [[Romantic fantasy]] |, [[romantic fantasy]] }} |, [[romantic fantasy]] }}| [[Romantic fantasy]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Fantasy|}}}| {{#if:{{{SciFi|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Fantasy|}}} |first = {{#switch:{{{SciFi|}}} |first = [[Science fantasy]] |, [[science fantasy]] }} |, [[science fantasy]] }}| [[Science fantasy]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{SciFi|}}}| {{#if:{{{Biopunk|}}}{{{Cyberpunk|}}}{{{Fantasy|}}}{{{Horror|}}}{{{Humor|}}}{{{PostApoc|}}}{{{Steampunk|}}}{{{LoEG|}}}{{{WotW|}}}{{{War|}}}{{{Western|}}}|| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{SciFi|}}} |first = [[Science fiction comics|Science fiction]] |, [[Science fiction comics|science fiction]] }}| [[Science fiction comics|Science fiction]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{SciFi|}}}| {{#if:{{{Western|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{SciFi|}}} |first = {{#switch:{{{Western|}}} |first = [[Science fiction Western|Science fiction western]] |, [[Science fiction Western|Science fiction western]] }} |, [[Science fiction Western|Science fiction western]] }}| [[Science fiction Western|science fiction western]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{School|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{School|}}} |first = School |, school }}| School }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Sport|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Sport|}}} |first = Sport |, sport }}| Sport }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Spy|}}}{{{Bond|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Spy|}}}{{{Bond|}}} |first = [[Spy fiction|Spy]] |, [[Spy fiction|spy]] }}| [[Spy fiction|Spy]] }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Steampunk|}}}{{{LoEG|}}}{{{WotW|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Steampunk|}}}{{{LoEG|}}}{{{WotW|}}} |first = [[Steampunk]] |, [[steampunk]] }}| [[Steampunk]] }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Superhero|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Superhero|}}} |first = [[Superhero comics|Superhero]] |, [[Superhero comics|superhero]] }}| [[Superhero comics|Superhero]] }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Swash|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Swash|}}} |first = [[Swashbuckler#Swashbuckler, a fiction and film genre|Swashbuckler]] |, [[Swashbuckler#Swashbuckler, a fiction and film genre|swashbuckler]] }}| [[Swashbuckler#Swashbuckler, a fiction and film genre|Swashbuckler]] }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{TechnoThril|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{TechnoThril|}}} |first = [[Techno-thriller]] |, [[techno-thriller]] }}| [[Techno-thriller]] }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Thrill|}}}| {{#if:{{{Crime|}}}{{{Psych|}}}{{{Spy|}}}{{{Bond|}}}{{{TechnoThril|}}}|| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Thrill|}}} |first = Thriller |, thriller }}| Thriller }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{War|}}}| {{#if:{{{SciFi|}}}{{{WW1|}}}{{{WW2|}}}|| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{War|}}} |first = [[War comics|War]] |, [[War comics|war]] }}| [[War comics|War]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Horror|}}}| {{#if:{{{Western|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Horror|}}} |first = {{#switch:{{{Western|}}} |first = [[Weird West|Weird west]] |, [[Weird West|weird west]] }} |, [[Weird West|weird west]] }}| [[Weird West|Weird west]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Western|}}}| {{#if:{{{Horror|}}}{{{SciFi|}}}|| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Western|}}} |first = [[Western (genre)|Western]] |, [[Western (genre)|western]] }}| [[Western (genre)|Western]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{WW1|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{WW1|}}} |first = [[War comics|World War I]] |, [[War comics|World War I]] }}| [[War comics|World War I]] }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{WW2|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{WW2|}}} |first = [[War comics|World War II]] |, [[War comics|World War II]] }}| [[War comics|World War II]] }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{zh|}}}| {{#if:{{{Fantasy|}}}| {{#if:{{{Historical|}}}| {{#if:{{{MArts|}}}| {{#if:{{{multigenre|}}}| {{#switch:{{{Fantasy|}}} |first = [[Wuxia]] |, [[wuxia]] }}| [[Wuxia]] }} }} }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Adaptation|}}}|* Based on {{#switch: {{{Adaptation|}}} |video game |vg = the video game {{{Base|of the same name}}}. |novel = the novel {{{Base|of the same name}}}. |film = the film {{{Base|of the same name}}}. |{{{Adaptation|}}} }}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Crossover|}}}|* [[Fictional crossover#Comics|Crossover]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Furry|}}}{{{Anthro|}}}|* [[anthropomorphism|Anthropomorphic]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Magic|}}}|* [[Magic in fiction|Magic]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Myth|}}}|* [[Mythology]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{TimeTravel|}}}|* [[Time travel]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Vampire|}}}|* [[Vampire literature#Comic books|Vampire]]}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Werewolf|}}}|* [[Werewolf fiction#Comics|Werewolf]]}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{Zombie|}}}|* [[Zombies in popular culture|Zombie]]}}}}}} }}}}<noinclude> Call structure: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> {{Comics infobox sec/genre |genre = {{{genre|}}} |multigenre = {{{multigenre|}}} |Adventure = {{{Adventure|}}} |AltHistory = {{{AltHistory|}}} |Anarch = {{{Anarch|}}} |Anthro = {{{Anthro|}}} |Autobio = {{{Autobio|}}} |Biopunk = {{{Biopunk|}}} |Bond = {{{Bond|}}} |Christian = {{{Christian|}}} |Chthulu = {{{Chthulu|}}} |Crime = {{{Crime|}}} |Crossover = {{{Crossover|}}} |Cyberpunk = {{{Cyberpunk|}}} |Detective = {{{Detective|}}} |Erotic = {{{Erotic|}}} |Fantasy = {{{Fantasy|}}} |Furry = {{{Furry|}}} |Historical = {{{Historical|}}} |Horror = {{{Horror|}}} |Humor = {{{Humor|}}} |LoEG = {{{LoEG|}}} |Magic = {{{Magic|}}} |MArts = {{{MArts|}}} |Mystery = {{{Mystery|}}} |Myth = {{{Myth|}}} |Office = {{{Office|}}} |Philosophy = {{{Philosophy|}}} |Politico = {{{Politico|}}} |PostApoc = {{{PostApoc|}}} |Psych = {{{Psych|}}} |Romance = {{{Romance|}}} |School = {{{School|}}} |SciFi = {{{SciFi|}}} |Sport = {{{Sport|}}} |Spy = {{{Spy|}}} |Steampunk = {{{Steampunk|}}} |Superhero = {{{Superhero|}}} |Swash = {{{Swash|}}} |TechnoThril = {{{TechnoThril|}}} |Thrill = {{{Thrill|}}} |TimeTravel = {{{TimeTravel|}}} |Vampire = {{{Vampire|}}} |War = {{{War|}}} |Werewolf = {{{Werewolf|}}} |Western = {{{Western|}}} |WotW = {{{WotW|}}} |WW1 = {{{WW1|}}} |WW2 = {{{WW2|}}} |zh = {{{zh|}}} |Zombie = {{{Zombie|}}} }} </syntaxhighlight> {{documentation}} </noinclude> to65q6lk7rqdfvehlg0b3q117wz3gpb 10 127425 1323055 2026-08-06T19:47:54Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{#invoke:Detect singular|pluralize}}<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude>' 1323055 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Detect singular|pluralize}}<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 5nexvs5r4t8tuu02q5qosvc3kb0b4n9 10 127426 1323056 2026-08-06T19:48:09Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} {{Lua|Module:Detect singular}} {{Tlb|Pluralize from text}} is used to detect if a text value is a plural list or not. Its intended usage is for infobox parameters, where the label might need to change from a singular version to a plural version. For example, if an infobox uses a {{para|nickname}} parameter, the label might change from <code>Nickname</code> to <code>Nicknames</code> if the text value has more than one nickna...' 1323056 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} {{Lua|Module:Detect singular}} {{Tlb|Pluralize from text}} is used to detect if a text value is a plural list or not. Its intended usage is for infobox parameters, where the label might need to change from a singular version to a plural version. For example, if an infobox uses a {{para|nickname}} parameter, the label might change from <code>Nickname</code> to <code>Nicknames</code> if the text value has more than one nickname. The output of the template can be forced by including {{tl|force singular}} or {{tl|force plural}} in the generic parameter. == Usage == * {{tlx|Pluralize from text|{{Var|text}}|singular{{=}}{{Var|singular output}}|likely{{=}}{{Var|likely plural output}}|plural{{=}}{{Var|plural output}}|link{{=}}{{Var|wikilink}}}} * {{tlx|Pluralize from text|{{Var|text}}|{{Var|plural argument}}|{{Var|singular output}}|{{Var|plural output}}|{{Var|wikilink}}}} ==Examples== * {{tlx|_show_result=yes|Pluralize from text|Chicagoan|singular{{=}}singular|plural{{=}}plural|}} * {{tlx|_show_result=yes|Pluralize from text|761 and 345|singular{{=}}singular|plural{{=}}plural}} * {{tlx|_show_result=yes|Pluralize from text|1{{=}}|2{{=}}761/345|singular{{=}}singular|plural{{=}}plural}} * {{tlx|_show_result=yes|Pluralize from text|Chicagoan|singular{{=}}Demonym|plural{{=}}Demonyms|link{{=}}Demonym}} * {{tlx|_show_result=yes|Pluralize from text|761 and 345|singular{{=}}Area Code|plural{{=}}Area Codes|link{{=}}Area code}} ==Parameters== There are five named parameters that control the pluralization: * {{para|no_comma}} – By default, [[comma]]s (or [[semicolon]]s) will cause the text string to be considered plural. Setting {{para|no_comma|1}} turns this behavior off. * {{para|any_comma}} – By default, commas (or semicolons) that are adjacent to digits are singular. Setting {{para|any_comma|1}} turns this behavior off. * {{para|no_and}} – By default, "and" causes a string to be plural. Setting {{para|no_and|1}} turns this behavior off. * {{para|parse_links}} – By default, Wikilinks are considered to be unparseable (singular) objects. Setting {{para|parse_links|1}} will allow the parser to read the contents of the Wikilinks and determine whether that makes the string plural. * {{para|parse_number}} – Setting {{para|parse_number|1}} will cause the first integer in the string to determine plurality. Additional parameters: * {{para|likely}} – The template makes a decision whether a string is a "likely plural" or a full "plural". The {{para|likely}} argument will be the output if the template determines that the string is only "likely plural". If {{para|likely}} is not given, "likely plural" and "plural" are treated identically. * {{para|link}} – If the Wikilink is provided, the returned value will use that as a link, and the output will be the link's display text. ==TemplateData== {{Format TemplateData|1=<templatedata> { "params": { "1": { "label": "Generic parameter", "description": "Value of the wikitext parameter with unknown plurality", "type": "content", "required": true, "example": "{{{language|}}}" }, "2": { "label": "Plural argument", "description": "value of the wikitext parameter known to be plural", "type": "string", "example": "{{{languages|}}}" }, "3": { "label": "Singular output", "description": "Label for the parameter if the value is singular", "type": "string", "required": false, "aliases": [ "singular" ], "example": "Language" }, "4": { "label": "Plural output", "description": "Label for the parameter if the value is plural", "type": "string", "required": false, "aliases": [ "plural" ], "example": "Languages" }, "5": { "label": "Wikilink", "description": "Page to link to in the label", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "link" ], "example": "Language" }, "no_comma": { "label": "Turn off comma processing", "description": "By default, commas and semicolons indicate plurals. Setting to \"yes\" turns this off.", "type": "boolean", "required": false, "default": "No" }, "any_comma": { "label": "Any comma is plural", "description": "By default, commas and semicolons that are adjacent to digits are singular. Setting to \"yes\" turns this behavior off.", "type": "boolean", "required": false, "default": "No" }, "no_and": { "label": "\"And\" is not plural", "description": "By default, \"and\" causes a string to be plural. Setting to \"yes\" turns this behavior off.", "type": "boolean", "required": false, "default": "No" }, "parse_links": { "label": "Parse wikilinks", "description": "By default, Wikilinks are considered to be unparseable (singular) objects. Setting to \"yes\" will allow the parser to read the contents of the Wikilinks and determine whether that makes the string plural.", "type": "boolean", "required": false, "default": "No" }, "parse_number": { "label": "Parse numbers", "description": "Setting to \"yes\" will cause the first integer in the string to determine plurality.", "type": "boolean", "required": false, "default": "No" }, "likely": { "label": "Likely output", "description": "Output when input is likely, but not certain, to be plural", "type": "string", "required": false } }, "description": "Helper template to adjust infobox field labels based on whether value is plural or not", "paramOrder": [ "1", "2", "3", "likely", "4", "5", "no_comma", "any_comma", "no_and", "parse_links", "parse_number" ] } </templatedata> }} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line --> [[Category:Text-specific formatting and function templates]] }}</includeonly> me6bxu7l87kro4r1bej83mo2jjz1vcx 10 127427 1323057 2026-08-06T19:48:42Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '<var {{#if:{{{class|}}}|class="{{{class}}}"}} {{#if:{{{id|}}}|id="{{{id}}}"}} style="padding-right: 1px;{{{style|}}}" {{#if:{{{lang|}}}|lang="{{{lang}}}"}} {{#if:{{{title|}}}|title="{{{title}}}"}}>{{{1}}}</var><noinclude> <!--Categories and interwikis go near the bottom of the /doc page.--> {{Documentation}} </noinclude>' 1323057 wikitext text/x-wiki <var {{#if:{{{class|}}}|class="{{{class}}}"}} {{#if:{{{id|}}}|id="{{{id}}}"}} style="padding-right: 1px;{{{style|}}}" {{#if:{{{lang|}}}|lang="{{{lang}}}"}} {{#if:{{{title|}}}|title="{{{title}}}"}}>{{{1}}}</var><noinclude> <!--Categories and interwikis go near the bottom of the /doc page.--> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 1ph0r212s7cz1dvg2q4quotqwsozpa8 10 127428 1323058 2026-08-06T19:48:53Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{for|mathematical variables|Template:mvar}} {{Documentation subpage}} {{tlr|VAR|variable}} <!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{high-use| 6000 }} This template is to help facilitate the displaying of variable names (in [[Variable (mathematics)|mathematics]], [[Variable (computer science)|computer source code]], [[wikimarkup]] in WP:template documentation|template documentat...' 1323058 wikitext text/x-wiki {{for|mathematical variables|Template:mvar}} {{Documentation subpage}} {{tlr|VAR|variable}} <!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{high-use| 6000 }} This template is to help facilitate the displaying of variable names (in [[Variable (mathematics)|mathematics]], [[Variable (computer science)|computer source code]], [[wikimarkup]] in [[WP:template documentation|template documentation]], [[Metasyntactic variable|metasyntactic variables]], etc.) with the [[Semantic HTML|semantically correct]] {{tag|var|link=yes}} tags, which also renders the variable in italics, as is customary. Alternately, editors may use {{tag|var}} tags directly in [[Help:Wikitext|Wikitext]] to produce identical output. The use of {{tag|var|o}} or {{tl|var}} is preferred to simply italicizing for many reasons, including [[WP:Accessibility|accessibility]], [[separation of presentation and content]], [[semantic Web]], and [[WP:METADATA|metadata]]. In [[XHTML]] and [[HTML]], the {{tag|var|o}} element has semantic meaning, while simple italicization does not. This template provides a tiny hint of [[kerning]] to compensate for the italicization and enhance readability. "Variable" in this sense may include arbitrary or unknown names or terms, examples of human input, arithmetical variables in equations, etc. This template (and the underlying XHTML) are generally {{em|not}} used if MediaWiki's {{tag|math}} tags (or any other stand-alone [[Help:Math|mathematical markup]]) are being used. ==Usage== At times, you may wish to use a serif font. This is especially true when attempting to render single-letter variables like "I" (upper-case "i") and "l" (lower-case "L"), since they are nearly indistinguishable (if at all). In such situations, use the {{tlx|varserif}} template instead of {{tnull|var}}, to make them more distinguishable, like these serif examples: {{varserif|I}}, {{varserif|l}}. ===Examples=== {{Markup HTML Rendered|<nowiki>{{var|username}}</nowiki>|<var>username</var>|{{var|username}}}} {{Markup | <nowiki><var>username</var></nowiki> | <var>username</var> | <nowiki>{{var|username}}</nowiki> | {{var|username}} | <nowiki>The commandline should read: {{samp|%}} {{kbd|1=ssh {{var|hostname}}}}<br />(where {{var|hostname}} is the IP address or ...)<br />If it is correct, press {{key press|Enter}}</nowiki> | The commandline should read: {{samp|%}} {{kbd|1=ssh {{var|hostname}}}}<br />(where {{var|hostname}} is the IP address or ...)<br />If it is correct, press {{key press|Enter}} | <nowiki>in this equation, let {{var|x}}{{=}}1 and {{var|y}}{{=}}120 ...</nowiki> | in this equation, let {{var|x}}{{=}}1 and {{var|y}}{{=}}120 ... | <nowiki>{{para|accessdate|{{var|todays_date}}}}</nowiki> | {{para|accessdate|{{var|todays_date}}}} }} ==TemplateData== {{Format TemplateData|<templatedata> { "params": { "1": { "label": "variable", "type": "line", "required": true }, "class": { "type": "string" }, "id": { "label": "ID", "type": "string" }, "style": { "label": "CSS style", "type": "string" }, "lang": { "label": "Language tag", "example": "en-UK", "type": "line", "description": "An IETF BCP 47 language tag", "suggestedvalues": [ "en-US", "en-UK", "es-419", "en", "es", "de", "zh" ] }, "title": { "label": "HTML title (hovertext)", "type": "string" } }, "description": "Marks text as an HTML variable", "format": "inline" } </templatedata>}} == See also == * {{tl|mvar}} which makes the argument italic and formats as mathematics * {{tl|math}} which formats its argument as mathematics * {{tl|bigmath}}, the same as {{tl|math}} but makes it bigger {{Semantic markup templates|show}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Mathematical formatting templates]] [[Category:Programming typing-aid templates]] [[Category:Semantic markup templates]] [[Category:Wikipedia HTML tag-replacing templates]] }}</includeonly> n7hmksyit16qdgmjmyp5j66mrzsvu6a 10 127429 1323059 2026-08-06T19:49:29Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '<includeonly>{{#invoke:For|For}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude>' 1323059 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:For|For}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 7es2p1mk6qse8zlwn5qqya2ysrq1rcr 10 127430 1323060 2026-08-06T19:49:43Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{for|the template to create a for loop|Template:For loop}} {{documentation subpage}} <!-- EDIT TEMPLATE DOCUMENTATION BELOW THIS LINE --> {{high-use| 149560 }} {{Lua|Module:For}} This template produces a [[WP:Hatnote|hatnote]] similar to {{tl|Other uses}}, but allowing more flexible text with links to multiple articles or disambiguation pages. == Usage == It accepts one or more parameters (zero is not allowed). === With one parameter (rare) === The first param...' 1323060 wikitext text/x-wiki {{for|the template to create a for loop|Template:For loop}} {{documentation subpage}} <!-- EDIT TEMPLATE DOCUMENTATION BELOW THIS LINE --> {{high-use| 149560 }} {{Lua|Module:For}} This template produces a [[WP:Hatnote|hatnote]] similar to {{tl|Other uses}}, but allowing more flexible text with links to multiple articles or disambiguation pages. == Usage == It accepts one or more parameters (zero is not allowed). === With one parameter (rare) === The first parameter sets the hatnote itself and should be plain text. Without any further parameter, it will link to a default disambiguation page for the article title, e.g. {{tlc|For|other entities}} yields on page Foo: {{hatnote|For other entities, see [[:Foo (disambiguation)]].}} This kind of usage with exactly one parameter is rare, as in most instances {{tl|Other uses}} (and in this case, {{tl|About}} with the same result) can be used more easily, and without any parameter. But it makes sense in some cases for disambiguation pages with the same type of other meanings, e.g., in [[Treaty of Lisbon]]: {{hatnote|For earlier treaties known as Treaty of Lisbon, see [[Treaty of Lisbon (disambiguation)]].}} However, for many such cases specific new templates have been implemented, like {{tl|Other people}}, {{tl|Other places}} etc. see the hatnote template overview box below. === With two parameters === The second parameter is used to change the resultant link, e.g., {{tlc|For|the acronym|FOO}} yields (wherever it is set, now independent of the article title): {{For|the acronym|FOO}} === With more parameters === The third, fourth and fifth parameters are used to give one, two, or three additional resultant links: {{For|similar terms|Foobar|Bar}} {{For|similar terms|Foobar|Bar|Baz}} {{For|similar terms|Foobar|Bar|Baz|Quux}} For instance, the last note is produced by {{tlc|For|similar terms|Foobar|Bar|Baz|Quux}}. The {{para|selfref|yes}} option marks the entire hatnote as a Wikipedia self-reference, causing it to be omitted when the page content is reused outside of Wikipedia (see {{tl|self reference}} and [[MOS:SELFREF]] for more details). === Styling in italics === Please see {{section link|Wikipedia:Hatnote|Hatnotes with italics in the links}} ([[WP:ITHAT]]) for details about how to use italics in hatnotes. ==Tracking categories== *Pages with errors reported by this template are added to {{clc|Hatnote templates using unusual parameters}}. *Templates in articles that link to nonexistent pages are tracked in {{clc|Articles with hatnote templates targeting a nonexistent page}}. ==TemplateData== {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template lists up to four articles on alternative meanings of a term. For further details and examples see the template documentation.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Description", "description": "a phrase describing the major alternative, or a general term for all alternative meanings", "type": "string", "required": true, "example": "other people with the surname Smith" }, "2": { "label": "First link", "description": "A page to link to; usually a disambiguation page or the most likely other meaning.", "default": "{{PAGENAME}} (disambiguation)", "type": "wiki-page-name", "required": false }, "3": { "label": "Second link", "description": "A page to link to for another meaning, if any.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "required": false }, "4": { "label": "Third link", "description": "A page to link to for another meaning, if any.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "required": false }, "5": { "label": "Fourth link", "description": "A page to link to for another meaning, if any.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "required": false }, "selfref": { "label": "Is self-reference?", "description": "Set to yes to make this hatnote invisible in certain versions, e.g. when printed.", "type": "boolean", "default": "no", "autovalue": "yes" } }, "format": "inline" } </templatedata> {{Hatnote templates}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- ADD CATEGORIES BELOW THIS LINE --> [[Category:Disambiguation and redirection hatnote templates]] [[Category:Variadic templates]] }}</includeonly> aaxirauyxy7z1i3r9c9img51szr9bg0 10 127431 1323061 2026-08-06T19:50:23Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '<includeonly>{{#invoke:Shortcut|main|template=yes|redirect=yes}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude>' 1323061 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Shortcut|main|template=yes|redirect=yes}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude> rlspkp5wnkjc5ccy5twdlm4zzrtlbql 10 127432 1323062 2026-08-06T19:50:37Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Distinguish|Template:Redirect template|Template:Template link no redirect}} {{tlr|Template redirects}}{{tsh|tlr}} {{lua|Module:Shortcut}} This template is a [[Wikipedia:Wrapper templates|wrapper]] that prompts {{tl|Template shortcut}} to refer to "redirect/s" rather than "shortcut/s". == TemplateData == {{...' 1323062 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Distinguish|Template:Redirect template|Template:Template link no redirect}} {{tlr|Template redirects}}{{tsh|tlr}} {{lua|Module:Shortcut}} This template is a [[Wikipedia:Wrapper templates|wrapper]] that prompts {{tl|Template shortcut}} to refer to "redirect/s" rather than "shortcut/s". == TemplateData == {{Format TemplateData|<templatedata> { "description": "This template displays one or more of a template's shortcuts.", "format": "inline", "params": { "target": { "label": "Target?", "description": "Whether to not add the <code>redirect=no</code> URL parameter.", "default": "0", "type": "boolean" }, "float": { "label": "Float", "description": "The CSS <code>float</code> property value.", "default": "right", "suggestedvalues": [ "left", "right" ], "type": "string" }, "clear": { "label": "Clear", "description": "The CSS <code>clear</code> property value.", "suggestedvalues": [ "left", "right", "both" ], "type": "string" }, "category": { "label": "Categorize", "description": "Whether to add pages to the error category if no alias or <code>msg</code> is specified.", "default": "1", "type": "boolean" }, "msg": { "label": "Message", "description": "An unlinked message that goes after the shortcut links.", "type": "content" }, "pre": { "label": "Default prefix", "description": "The default prefix", "example": "subst:", "type": "string" }, "pre1": { "label": "Prefix 1", "description": "Prefix for template shortcut 1", "example": "subst:", "type": "string" }, "1": { "label": "Shortcut 1", "description": "Template shortcut 1", "required": true, "type": "wiki-template-name" }, "pre2": { "label": "Prefix 2", "description": "Prefix for template shortcut 2", "example": "subst:", "type": "string" }, "2": { "label": "Shortcut 2", "description": "Template shortcut 2", "type": "wiki-template-name" }, "pre3": { "label": "Prefix 3", "description": "Prefix for template shortcut 3", "example": "subst:", "type": "string" }, "3": { "label": "Shortcut 3", "description": "Template shortcut 3", "type": "wiki-template-name" }, "pre4": { "label": "Prefix 4", "description": "Prefix for template shortcut 4", "example": "subst:", "type": "string" }, "4": { "label": "Shortcut 4", "description": "Template shortcut 4", "type": "wiki-template-name" }, "pre5": { "label": "Prefix 5", "description": "Prefix for template shortcut 5", "example": "subst:", "type": "string" }, "5": { "label": "Shortcut 5", "description": "Template shortcut 5", "type": "wiki-template-name" }, "pre6": { "label": "Prefix 6", "description": "Prefix for template shortcut 6", "example": "subst:", "type": "string" }, "6": { "label": "Shortcut 6", "description": "Template shortcut 6", "type": "wiki-template-name" }, "pre7": { "label": "Prefix 7", "description": "Prefix for template shortcut 7", "example": "subst:", "type": "string" }, "7": { "label": "Shortcut 7", "description": "Template shortcut 7", "type": "wiki-template-name" }, "pre8": { "label": "Prefix 8", "description": "Prefix for template shortcut 8", "example": "subst:", "type": "string" }, "8": { "label": "Shortcut 8", "description": "Template shortcut 8", "type": "wiki-template-name" }, "pre9": { "label": "Prefix 9", "description": "Prefix for template shortcut 9", "example": "subst:", "type": "string" }, "9": { "label": "Shortcut 9", "description": "Template shortcut 9", "type": "wiki-template-name" } } } </templatedata>}} == See also == {{Shortcut templates}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other| | <!--(Categories per [[Template:Template shortcut]]:)--> [[Category:Disambiguation and redirection templates]] [[Category:Documentation templates]] }}</includeonly> mt24sewbdv0hsn1c0swpg5ekry4t1v8 10 127433 1323063 2026-08-06T19:51:10Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{#invoke:Distinguish|distinguish}}<noinclude><!-- splitting these lines causes {{Documentation}} template to terminate green shading when Distinguish is used in /doc pages. --> {{Documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage and interwikis to Wikidata, not here! --> </noinclude>' 1323063 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Distinguish|distinguish}}<noinclude><!-- splitting these lines causes {{Documentation}} template to terminate green shading when Distinguish is used in /doc pages. --> {{Documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage and interwikis to Wikidata, not here! --> </noinclude> t4az5q8zekjr0kpgvlz6fgo7i77psk8 10 127434 1323064 2026-08-06T19:51:23Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Redirect-distinguish|Template:Confused|Template:Confused?}} {{Documentation subpage}} {{tsh|dist|ntbcw|confuse}} <!-- Please add categories at the bottom of this page, and interwikis at Wikidata (see Wikipedia:Wikidata) --> {{High-use| 65005 }} {{Lua|Module:distinguish}} This template produces a [[WP:HAT|hatnote]] to point out to readers, who may have misspelled their desired title, the existence of one or more pages whose title(s) is, or are, similar to the cu...' 1323064 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect-distinguish|Template:Confused|Template:Confused?}} {{Documentation subpage}} {{tsh|dist|ntbcw|confuse}} <!-- Please add categories at the bottom of this page, and interwikis at Wikidata (see Wikipedia:Wikidata) --> {{High-use| 65005 }} {{Lua|Module:distinguish}} This template produces a [[WP:HAT|hatnote]] to point out to readers, who may have misspelled their desired title, the existence of one or more pages whose title(s) is, or are, similar to the current page. It is used in cases where the distinction between the titles is generally obvious and does not need further explanation. For cases where an explanation is required, please use the templates {{tl|For}} and {{tl|About}}. For use on category pages, the corresponding template is {{Tl|Category distinguish}}. == Usage == Here is an example of its standard usage on the article about the mathematical [[Astroid]]: :{{demo-inline|<nowiki>{{distinguish|Asteroid}}</nowiki>}} This hatnote can be used to distinguish the topic from multiple other topics, as for [[Corundum]] or [[Bangala language]]: :{{demo-inline|<nowiki>{{distinguish|Carborundum|Conundrum}}</nowiki>}} :{{demo-inline|<nowiki>{{distinguish|Bangla language|Mbangala language|Ngala language}}</nowiki>}} The {{para|text}} parameter can be used to create customized text, in case context is required. An example is on the article [[Phobos (mythology)]], which contains a customized hatnote to distinguish it and "[[Phoebus]]" (a redirect of [[Apollo]]). Both links lead to topics about Greek gods, so the [[WP:NCDAB|parenthetical disambiguation]] in "Phobos (mythology)" is insufficient to disambiguate the two. Since it [[WP:HNR|is typically not preferable to link a redirect]] in a hatnote,{{Clarify|reason=What is the relevant guideline? The link doesn't seem to explain. Please quote the guideline here in a footnote if possible.|date=September 2025}} the article "Apollo" is linked to directly and a short explanation fills in the necessary context: :{{demo-inline|<nowiki>{{distinguish|text=Phoebus, an epithet of the Greek god [[Apollo]]}}</nowiki>}} Note that a final period is automatically added at the end of the sentence, and that only one blue link is used per disambiguated topic (i.e, do not type <code><nowiki>...an [[epithet]] of the [[Greek]] god [[Apollo]].</nowiki></code> When the target is a disambiguation page, display of the parentheses may be avoided by escaping the vertical bar using the [[Help:Magic words#bang|magic word]] {{tlc|!}}: :{{Tick}}{{nbsp}}{{demo-inline|<nowiki>{{distinguish|Crossfire (disambiguation){{!}}Crossfire}}</nowiki>}} The escape is necessary, otherwise the template will read the next text as another topic: :{{Cross}}{{nbsp}}{{demo-inline|<nowiki>{{distinguish|Crossfire (disambiguation)|Crossfire}}</nowiki>}} == When to use == This hatnote is generally used when readers have misspelled their desired title, and the error would be apparent by simply displaying the alternative term without further explanation. For example, consider a reader looking for the punctuation mark who instead ends up at [[coma]]: : [[Coma]] : {{Distinguish|Comma}} Readers are presumed to recognize that they actually wanted ''comma'' by merely looking at the spelling, and this case generally requires no further explanation. However, {{tlx|distinguish}} is not suitable when the difference is not readily apparent without additional details. Consider a reader looking for a game they believe is named Reversi: : {{cross}} [[Reversi]] : {{Distinguish|Reversis}} In the above hatnote, it is not generally apparent how the suggested Reversis is different from Reversi, which is also a game. In this case you should use {{tlx|about}} instead of {{tlc|distinguish}}. The difference is to provide explanation upfront without requiring the reader to click through and differentiate the terms on their own. : {{tick}} [[Reversi]] : {{hatnote|This article is about the board game. For the card game, see [[Reversis]].}}<!-- Using a custom {{hatnote}} because {{about}} automatically detects the page type so it would replace "article" with "template". --> {{tlc|Distinguish}} should only be used when the ambiguity exists for a portion of the readership that is sufficient to warrant a hatnote. Care should be taken to [[WP:TRHAT|avoid trivial uses]]. == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "params": { "1": { "label": "Name of article", "description": "Name of article that you want to link to", "type": "wiki-page-name", "suggested": true }, "2": { "label": "Optional additional article to link (2)", "description": "Optional additional article to link", "type": "wiki-page-name" }, "3": { "label": "Optional additional article to link (3)", "description": "Optional additional article to link", "type": "wiki-page-name" }, "4": { "label": "Optional additional article to link (4)", "description": "Optional additional article to link", "type": "wiki-page-name" }, "text": { "label": "Custom text", "description": "Custom message in wikitext; e.g. \"[[foo]] and [[Bar (computer science)|bar]]\" produces \"Not to be confused with [[foo]] and [[Bar (computer science)|bar]].\"", "type": "string" }, "selfref": { "label": "Self reference", "description": "If set, marks note as being a self reference, to not be shown when content is reused", "type": "boolean" } }, "description": "A hatnote used when there is an ambiguity in an article's title.", "paramOrder": [ "1", "2", "3", "4", "text", "selfref" ], "format": "inline" } </templatedata> == Redirects == * {{tl|Confused}} * {{tl|Confuse}} * {{tl|Nottobeconfusedwith}} * {{tl|Ntbcw}} == See also == * {{tl|About}} * {{tl|Category distinguish}} * {{tl|For}} * {{tl|Redirect}} * {{tl|R from misspelling}} {{Hatnote templates}} <includeonly>{{sandbox other|| <!-- Add categories below this line, and interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Disambiguation and redirection hatnote templates]] }}</includeonly> 1qyhzcwq9r2xsd8c5nyfgb3y0g1xkte 828 127435 1323065 2026-08-06T19:51:53Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'local mHatnote = require('Module:Hatnote') local mHatlist = require('Module:Hatnote list') local mArguments --initialize lazily local mTableTools --initialize lazily local libraryUtil = require('libraryUtil') local checkType = libraryUtil.checkType local p = {} function p.distinguish(frame) mArguments = require('Module:Arguments') mTableTools = require('Module:TableTools') local args = mArguments.getArgs(frame) local selfref = args.selfref local text = args....' 1323065 Scribunto text/plain local mHatnote = require('Module:Hatnote') local mHatlist = require('Module:Hatnote list') local mArguments --initialize lazily local mTableTools --initialize lazily local libraryUtil = require('libraryUtil') local checkType = libraryUtil.checkType local p = {} function p.distinguish(frame) mArguments = require('Module:Arguments') mTableTools = require('Module:TableTools') local args = mArguments.getArgs(frame) local selfref = args.selfref local text = args.text args = mTableTools.compressSparseArray(args) return p._distinguish(args, text, selfref) end function p._distinguish(args, text, selfref) checkType("_distinguish", 1, args, 'table') if #args == 0 and not text then return '' end local text = string.format( 'Not to be confused with %s.', text or mHatlist.orList(args, true) ) hnOptions = {selfref = selfref} return mHatnote._hatnote(text, hnOptions) end return p 0e9s40s10w9aih1qwh96v3jypzotm48 828 127436 1323066 2026-08-06T19:52:03Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '<!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{High-use}} {{Module rating|protected}} {{Lua|Module:Arguments|Module:TableTools|Module:Hatnote|Module:Hatnote list}} Implements {{tl|distinguish}}. <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Hatnote modules]] }}</includeonly><noinclude> Category...' 1323066 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{High-use}} {{Module rating|protected}} {{Lua|Module:Arguments|Module:TableTools|Module:Hatnote|Module:Hatnote list}} Implements {{tl|distinguish}}. <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | | <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Hatnote modules]] }}</includeonly><noinclude> [[Category:Module documentation pages]] </noinclude> 3kq2omn6xuokdumogjhevf49km5y17s 828 127437 1323067 2026-08-06T19:52:57Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'local p = {} local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs local yesNo = require('Module:Yesno') -- function to determine whether "sub" occurs in "s" local function plainFind(s, sub) return mw.ustring.find(s, sub, 1, true) end -- function to count the number of times "pattern" (a regex) occurs in "s" local function countMatches(s, pattern) local _, count = mw.ustring.gsub(s, pattern, '') return count end local singular = 1 local likelyPlural = 2 local...' 1323067 Scribunto text/plain local p = {} local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs local yesNo = require('Module:Yesno') -- function to determine whether "sub" occurs in "s" local function plainFind(s, sub) return mw.ustring.find(s, sub, 1, true) end -- function to count the number of times "pattern" (a regex) occurs in "s" local function countMatches(s, pattern) local _, count = mw.ustring.gsub(s, pattern, '') return count end local singular = 1 local likelyPlural = 2 local plural = 3 -- Determine whether a string is singular or plural (i.e., it represents one -- item or many) -- Arguments: -- origArgs[1]: string to process -- origArgs.no_comma: if false, use commas to detect plural (default false) -- origArgs.parse_links: if false, treat wikilinks as opaque singular objects (default false) -- origArgs.any_comma: if true, allow any comma to cause likely plural, including ones between digits (default false) -- origArgs.no_and: if false, use existence of "and" to detect plural (default false) -- origArgs.parse_number: if true, parse number in argument: if 1, singular; if >1, plural (default false) -- Returns: -- singular, likelyPlural, or plural (see constants above), or nil for completely unknown function p._main(origArgs) origArgs = type(origArgs) == 'table' and origArgs or {} local args = {} -- canonicalize boolean arguments for key, default in pairs({no_comma=false,parse_links=false,any_comma=false, no_and=false,parse_number=false}) do if origArgs[key] == nil then args[key] = default else args[key] = yesNo(origArgs[key],default) end end local checkComma = not args.no_comma local checkAnd = not args.no_and local rewriteLinks = not args.parse_links local anyComma = args.any_comma local parseNumber = args.parse_number local s = origArgs[1] -- the input string if not s then return nil -- empty input returns nil end s = tostring(s) s = mw.text.decode(s,true) --- replace HTML entities (to avoid spurious semicolons) if plainFind(s,'data-plural="0"') then -- magic data string to return true return singular end if plainFind(s,'data-plural="1"') then -- magic data string to return false return plural end -- count number of list items local numListItems = countMatches(s,'<%s*li') -- if exactly one, then singular, if more than one, then plural if numListItems == 1 then return singular end if numListItems > 1 then return plural end -- if "list of" occurs inside of wlink, then it's plural if mw.ustring.find(s:lower(), '%[%[[^%]]*list of[^%]]+%]%]') then return plural end if parseNumber then local m = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(s,"^%s*(%d+)")) if m then return m > 1 and plural or singular end end -- fix for trailing br tags passed through [[template:marriage]] s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '<%s*br[^>]*>%s*(</div>)', '%1') -- replace all wikilinks with fixed string if rewriteLinks then s = mw.ustring.gsub(s,'%b[]','WIKILINK') end -- Five conditions: any one of them can make the string a likely plural or plural local hasBreak = mw.ustring.find(s,'<%s*br') -- For the last 4, evaluate on string stripped of wikimarkup local getPlain = require('Module:Text').Text().getPlain s = getPlain(s) local hasBullets = countMatches(s,'%*+') > 1 local multipleQids = mw.ustring.find(s,'Q%d+[%p%s]+Q%d+') -- has multiple QIDs in a row if hasBullets or multipleQids then return plural end local commaPattern = anyComma and '[,;]' or '%D[,;]%D' -- semi-colon similar to comma local hasComma = checkComma and mw.ustring.find(s, commaPattern) local hasAnd = checkAnd and (mw.ustring.find(s,'[,%s]and%s') or mw.ustring.find(s,'&',1,true)) if hasBreak or hasComma or hasAnd then return likelyPlural end return singular end function p._pluralize(args) args = type(args) == 'table' and args or {} local singularForm = args[3] or args.singular or "" local pluralForm = args[4] or args.plural or "" local likelyForm = args.likely or pluralForm local link = args[5] or args.link if link then link = tostring(link) singularForm = '[['..link..'|'..singularForm..']]' pluralForm = '[['..link..'|'..pluralForm..']]' likelyForm = '[['..link..'|'..likelyForm..']]' end if args[2] then return pluralForm end local detect = p._main(args) if detect == nil then return "" -- return blank on complete failure end if detect == singular then return singularForm elseif detect == likelyPlural then return likelyForm else return pluralForm end end function p.main(frame) local args = getArgs(frame) -- For template, return 1 if singular, blank if plural or empty local result = p._main(args) if result == nil then return 1 end return result == singular and 1 or "" end function p.pluralize(frame) local args = getArgs(frame) return p._pluralize(args) end return p ks2mlneszbgw2vr1nl2rhac5ypdp5y2 828 127438 1323068 2026-08-06T19:53:08Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '<!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata --> {{high use}} {{Lua|Module:Arguments|Module:Yesno|Module:Text}} Lua to determine whether a string is singular or plural. Designed for use in infoboxes, to determine whether labels should be singular or plural based on the corresponding data, e.g. <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Detect singular|pluralize|Wynken, Blynken, and Nod||singular|plural}}</nowiki></code> → {{#invoke:De...' 1323068 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata --> {{high use}} {{Lua|Module:Arguments|Module:Yesno|Module:Text}} Lua to determine whether a string is singular or plural. Designed for use in infoboxes, to determine whether labels should be singular or plural based on the corresponding data, e.g. <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Detect singular|pluralize|Wynken, Blynken, and Nod||singular|plural}}</nowiki></code> → {{#invoke:Detect singular|pluralize|Wynken, Blynken, and Nod||singular|plural}} *See [[Template:Detect singular]] for main() usage. Test cases [[Template:Detect singular/testcases|here]]. *See [[Template:Pluralize from text]] for pluralize() usage (a wrapper around main()). Test cases [[Template:Pluralize from text/testcases|here]]. <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Infobox modules]] }}</includeonly><noinclude> [[Category:Module documentation pages]] </noinclude> sqh7pthy0023ravm0njl6pukzssi4bc 828 127439 1323069 2026-08-06T19:54:02Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'local yesNo = require("Module:Yesno") local Text = { serial = "2024-09-21", suite = "Text" } --[=[ Text utilities ]=] local function fiatQuote( apply, alien, advance ) -- Quote text -- Parameter: -- apply -- string, with text -- alien -- string, with language code -- advance -- number, with level 1 or 2 local r = apply and tostring(apply) or "" alien = alien or "en" advance = tonumber(advance) or...' 1323069 Scribunto text/plain local yesNo = require("Module:Yesno") local Text = { serial = "2024-09-21", suite = "Text" } --[=[ Text utilities ]=] local function fiatQuote( apply, alien, advance ) -- Quote text -- Parameter: -- apply -- string, with text -- alien -- string, with language code -- advance -- number, with level 1 or 2 local r = apply and tostring(apply) or "" alien = alien or "en" advance = tonumber(advance) or 0 local suite local data = mw.loadData('Module:Text/data') local QuoteLang = data.QuoteLang local QuoteType = data.QuoteType local slang = alien:match( "^(%l+)-" ) suite = QuoteLang[alien] or slang and QuoteLang[slang] or QuoteLang["en"] if suite then local quotes = QuoteType[ suite ] if quotes then local space if quotes[ 3 ] then space = "&#160;" else space = "" end quotes = quotes[ advance ] if quotes then r = mw.ustring.format( "%s%s%s%s%s", mw.ustring.char( quotes[ 1 ] ), space, apply, space, mw.ustring.char( quotes[ 2 ] ) ) end else mw.log( "fiatQuote() " .. suite ) end end return r end -- fiatQuote() Text.char = function ( apply, again, accept ) -- Create string from codepoints -- Parameter: -- apply -- table (sequence) with numerical codepoints, or nil -- again -- number of repetitions, or nil -- accept -- true, if no error messages to be appended -- Returns: string local r = "" apply = type(apply) == "table" and apply or {} again = math.floor(tonumber(again) or 1) if again < 1 then return "" end local bad = { } local codes = { } for _, v in ipairs( apply ) do local n = tonumber(v) if not n or (n < 32 and n ~= 9 and n ~= 10) then table.insert(bad, tostring(v)) else table.insert(codes, math.floor(n)) end end if #bad > 0 then if not accept then r = tostring( mw.html.create( "span" ) :addClass( "error" ) :wikitext( "bad codepoints: " .. table.concat( bad, " " )) ) end return r end if #codes > 0 then r = mw.ustring.char( unpack( codes ) ) if again > 1 then r = r:rep(again) end end return r end -- Text.char() local function trimAndFormat(args, fmt) local result = {} if type(args) ~= 'table' then args = {args} end for _, v in ipairs(args) do v = mw.text.trim(tostring(v)) if v ~= "" then table.insert(result,fmt and mw.ustring.format(fmt, v) or v) end end return result end Text.concatParams = function ( args, apply, adapt ) -- Concat list items into one string -- Parameter: -- args -- table (sequence) with numKey=string -- apply -- string (optional); separator (default: "|") -- adapt -- string (optional); format including "%s" -- Returns: string local collect = { } return table.concat(trimAndFormat(args,adapt), apply or "|") end -- Text.concatParams() Text.containsCJK = function ( s ) -- Is any CJK code within? -- Parameter: -- s -- string -- Returns: true, if CJK detected s = s and tostring(s) or "" local patternCJK = mw.loadData('Module:Text/data').PatternCJK return mw.ustring.find( s, patternCJK ) ~= nil end -- Text.containsCJK() Text.removeDelimited = function (s, prefix, suffix) -- Remove all text in s delimited by prefix and suffix (inclusive) -- Arguments: -- s = string to process -- prefix = initial delimiter -- suffix = ending delimiter -- Returns: stripped string s = s and tostring(s) or "" prefix = prefix and tostring(prefix) or "" suffix = suffix and tostring(suffix) or "" local prefixLen = mw.ustring.len(prefix) local suffixLen = mw.ustring.len(suffix) if prefixLen == 0 or suffixLen == 0 then return s end local i = s:find(prefix, 1, true) local r = s local j while i do j = r:find(suffix, i + prefixLen) if j then r = r:sub(1, i - 1)..r:sub(j+suffixLen) else r = r:sub(1, i - 1) end i = r:find(prefix, 1, true) end return r end Text.getPlain = function ( adjust ) -- Remove wikisyntax from string, except templates -- Parameter: -- adjust -- string -- Returns: string local r = Text.removeDelimited(adjust,"<!--","-->") r = r:gsub( "(</?%l[^>]*>)", "" ) :gsub( "'''", "" ) :gsub( "''", "" ) :gsub( "&nbsp;", " " ) return r end -- Text.getPlain() Text.isLatinRange = function (s) -- Are characters expected to be latin or symbols within latin texts? -- Arguments: -- s = string to analyze -- Returns: true, if valid for latin only s = s and tostring(s) or "" --- ensure input is always string local PatternLatin = mw.loadData('Module:Text/data').PatternLatin return mw.ustring.match(s, PatternLatin) ~= nil end -- Text.isLatinRange() Text.isQuote = function ( s ) -- Is this character any quotation mark? -- Parameter: -- s = single character to analyze -- Returns: true, if s is quotation mark s = s and tostring(s) or "" if s == "" then return false end local SeekQuote = mw.loadData('Module:Text/data').SeekQuote return mw.ustring.find( SeekQuote, s, 1, true ) ~= nil end -- Text.isQuote() Text.listToText = function ( args, adapt ) -- Format list items similar to mw.text.listToText() -- Parameter: -- args -- table (sequence) with numKey=string -- adapt -- string (optional); format including "%s" -- Returns: string return mw.text.listToText(trimAndFormat(args, adapt)) end -- Text.listToText() Text.quote = function ( apply, alien, advance ) -- Quote text -- Parameter: -- apply -- string, with text -- alien -- string, with language code, or nil -- advance -- number, with level 1 or 2, or nil -- Returns: quoted string apply = apply and tostring(apply) or "" local mode, slang if type( alien ) == "string" then slang = mw.text.trim( alien ):lower() else slang = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().pageLanguage if not slang then -- TODO FIXME: Introduction expected 2017-04 slang = mw.language.getContentLanguage():getCode() end end if advance == 2 then mode = 2 else mode = 1 end return fiatQuote( mw.text.trim( apply ), slang, mode ) end -- Text.quote() Text.quoteUnquoted = function ( apply, alien, advance ) -- Quote text, if not yet quoted and not empty -- Parameter: -- apply -- string, with text -- alien -- string, with language code, or nil -- advance -- number, with level 1 or 2, or nil -- Returns: string; possibly quoted local r = mw.text.trim( apply and tostring(apply) or "" ) local s = mw.ustring.sub( r, 1, 1 ) if s ~= "" and not Text.isQuote( s, advance ) then s = mw.ustring.sub( r, -1, 1 ) if not Text.isQuote( s ) then r = Text.quote( r, alien, advance ) end end return r end -- Text.quoteUnquoted() Text.removeDiacritics = function ( adjust ) -- Remove all diacritics -- Parameter: -- adjust -- string -- Returns: string; all latin letters should be ASCII -- or basic greek or cyrillic or symbols etc. local cleanup, decomposed local PatternCombined = mw.loadData('Module:Text/data').PatternCombined decomposed = mw.ustring.toNFD( adjust and tostring(adjust) or "" ) cleanup = mw.ustring.gsub( decomposed, PatternCombined, "" ) return mw.ustring.toNFC( cleanup ) end -- Text.removeDiacritics() Text.sentenceTerminated = function ( analyse ) -- Is string terminated by dot, question or exclamation mark? -- Quotation, link termination and so on granted -- Parameter: -- analyse -- string -- Returns: true, if sentence terminated local r local PatternTerminated = mw.loadData('Module:Text/data').PatternTerminated if mw.ustring.find( analyse, PatternTerminated ) then r = true else r = false end return r end -- Text.sentenceTerminated() Text.ucfirstAll = function ( adjust) -- Capitalize all words -- Arguments: -- adjust = string to adjust -- Returns: string with all first letters in upper case adjust = adjust and tostring(adjust) or "" local r = mw.text.decode(adjust,true) local i = 1 local c, j, m m = (r ~= adjust) r = " "..r while i do i = mw.ustring.find( r, "%W%l", i ) if i then j = i + 1 c = mw.ustring.upper( mw.ustring.sub( r, j, j ) ) r = string.format( "%s%s%s", mw.ustring.sub( r, 1, i ), c, mw.ustring.sub( r, i + 2 ) ) i = j end end -- while i r = r:sub( 2 ) if m then r = mw.text.encode(r) end return r end -- Text.ucfirstAll() Text.uprightNonlatin = function ( adjust ) -- Ensure non-italics for non-latin text parts -- One single greek letter might be granted -- Precondition: -- adjust -- string -- Returns: string with non-latin parts enclosed in <span> local r local data = mw.loadData('Module:Text/data') local PatternLatin = data.PatternLatin local RangesLatin = data.RangesLatin local NumLatinRanges = data.NumLatinRanges if mw.ustring.match( adjust, PatternLatin ) then -- latin only, horizontal dashes, quotes r = adjust else local c local j = false local k = 1 local m = false local n = mw.ustring.len( adjust ) local span = "%s%s<span dir='auto' style='font-style:normal'>%s</span>" local flat = function ( a ) -- isLatin local range -- NumLatinRanges has to be precomputed because # does not work from loadData for i = 1, NumLatinRanges do range = RangesLatin[ i ] if a >= range[ 1 ] and a <= range[ 2 ] then return true end end -- for i end -- flat() local focus = function ( a ) -- char is not ambivalent local r = ( a > 64 ) if r then r = ( a < 8192 or a > 8212 ) else r = ( a == 38 or a == 60 ) -- '&' '<' end return r end -- focus() local form = function ( a ) return string.format( span, r, mw.ustring.sub( adjust, k, j - 1 ), mw.ustring.sub( adjust, j, a ) ) end -- form() r = "" for i = 1, n do c = mw.ustring.codepoint( adjust, i, i ) if focus( c ) then if flat( c ) then if j then if m then if i == m then -- single greek letter. j = false end m = false end if j then local nx = i - 1 local s = "" for ix = nx, 1, -1 do c = mw.ustring.sub( adjust, ix, ix ) if c == " " or c == "(" then nx = nx - 1 s = c .. s else break -- for ix end end -- for ix r = form( nx ) .. s j = false k = i end end elseif not j then j = i if c >= 880 and c <= 1023 then -- single greek letter? m = i + 1 else m = false end end elseif m then m = m + 1 end end -- for i if j and ( not m or m < n ) then r = form( n ) else r = r .. mw.ustring.sub( adjust, k ) end end return r end -- Text.uprightNonlatin() Text.test = function ( about ) local r if about == "quote" then data = mw.loadData('Module:Text/data') r = { } r.QuoteLang = data.QuoteLang r.QuoteType = data.QuoteType end return r end -- Text.test() -- Non Unicode-aware version of mw.text.split and mw.text.gsplit -- based on [[phab:diffusion/ELUA/browse/master/includes/Engines/LuaCommon/lualib/mw.text.lua]] -- These run up to 60 times faster than the Unicode-aware versions Text.split = function ( text, pattern, plain ) local ret = {} for m in Text.gsplit( text, pattern, plain ) do ret[#ret+1] = m end return ret end Text.gsplit = function ( text, pattern, plain ) local s, l = 1, string.len( text ) return function () if s then local e, n = string.find( text, pattern, s, plain ) local ret if not e then ret = string.sub( text, s ) s = nil elseif n < e then -- Empty separator! ret = string.sub( text, s, e ) if e < l then s = e + 1 else s = nil end else ret = e > s and string.sub( text, s, e - 1 ) or '' s = n + 1 end return ret end end, nil, nil end -- Export local p = { } for _, func in ipairs({'containsCJK','isLatinRange','isQuote','sentenceTerminated'}) do p[func] = function (frame) return Text[func]( frame.args[ 1 ] or "" ) and "1" or "" end end for _, func in ipairs({'getPlain','removeDiacritics','ucfirstAll','uprightNonlatin'}) do p[func] = function (frame) return Text[func]( frame.args[ 1 ] or "" ) end end function p.char( frame ) local params = frame:getParent().args local story = params[ 1 ] local codes, lenient, multiple if not story then params = frame.args story = params[ 1 ] end if story then local items = mw.text.split( mw.text.trim(story), "%s+" ) if #items > 0 then local j lenient = (yesNo(params.errors) == false) codes = { } multiple = tonumber( params[ "*" ] ) for _, v in ipairs( items ) do j = tonumber((v:sub( 1, 1 ) == "x" and "0" or "") .. v) table.insert( codes, j or v ) end end end return Text.char( codes, multiple, lenient ) end function p.concatParams( frame ) local args local template = frame.args.template if type( template ) == "string" then template = mw.text.trim( template ) template = ( template == "1" ) end if template then args = frame:getParent().args else args = frame.args end return Text.concatParams( args, frame.args.separator, frame.args.format ) end function p.listToFormat(frame) local lists = {} local pformat = frame.args["format"] local sep = frame.args["sep"] or ";" -- Parameter parsen: Listen for k, v in pairs(frame.args) do local knum = tonumber(k) if knum then lists[knum] = v end end -- Listen splitten local maxListLen = 0 for i = 1, #lists do lists[i] = mw.text.split(lists[i], sep) if #lists[i] > maxListLen then maxListLen = #lists[i] end end -- Ergebnisstring generieren local result = "" local result_line = "" for i = 1, maxListLen do result_line = pformat for j = 1, #lists do result_line = mw.ustring.gsub(result_line, "%%s", lists[j][i], 1) end result = result .. result_line end return result end function p.listToText( frame ) local args local template = frame.args.template if type( template ) == "string" then template = mw.text.trim( template ) template = ( template == "1" ) end if template then args = frame:getParent().args else args = frame.args end return Text.listToText( args, frame.args.format ) end function p.quote( frame ) local slang = frame.args[2] if type( slang ) == "string" then slang = mw.text.trim( slang ) if slang == "" then slang = false end end return Text.quote( frame.args[ 1 ] or "", slang, tonumber( frame.args[3] ) ) end function p.quoteUnquoted( frame ) local slang = frame.args[2] if type( slang ) == "string" then slang = mw.text.trim( slang ) if slang == "" then slang = false end end return Text.quoteUnquoted( frame.args[ 1 ] or "", slang, tonumber( frame.args[3] ) ) end function p.zip(frame) local lists = {} local seps = {} local defaultsep = frame.args["sep"] or "" local innersep = frame.args["isep"] or "" local outersep = frame.args["osep"] or "" -- Parameter parsen for k, v in pairs(frame.args) do local knum = tonumber(k) if knum then lists[knum] = v else if string.sub(k, 1, 3) == "sep" then local sepnum = tonumber(string.sub(k, 4)) if sepnum then seps[sepnum] = v end end end end -- sofern keine expliziten Separatoren angegeben sind, den Standardseparator verwenden for i = 1, math.max(#seps, #lists) do if not seps[i] then seps[i] = defaultsep end end -- Listen splitten local maxListLen = 0 for i = 1, #lists do lists[i] = mw.text.split(lists[i], seps[i]) if #lists[i] > maxListLen then maxListLen = #lists[i] end end local result = "" for i = 1, maxListLen do if i ~= 1 then result = result .. outersep end for j = 1, #lists do if j ~= 1 then result = result .. innersep end result = result .. (lists[j][i] or "") end end return result end function p.split(frame) local text = frame.args.text or frame.args[1] or '' local pattern = frame.args.pattern or frame.args[2] or '' local plain = yesNo(frame.args.plain or frame.args[3]) local index = tonumber(frame.args.index) or tonumber(frame.args[4]) or 1 local a = Text.split(text, pattern, plain) if index < 0 then index = #a + index + 1 end return a[index] end function p.failsafe() return Text.serial end p.Text = function () return Text end -- p.Text return p 651uzyv6p5vsoexbfr111b6ilkxeurw 828 127440 1323070 2026-08-06T19:54:13Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{high use}} {{Lua|Module:Yesno}} '''<code>Text</code>''' – Module containing methods for the manipulation of text, wikimarkup and some HTML. == {{Anchor|Vorlage}} Functions for templates == All methods have an unnamed parameter containing the text. The return value is an empty string if the parameter does not meet the conditions. When the condition is matched or some result is successfully found, strings of at least one character are returned. ; char {{Anch...' 1323070 wikitext text/x-wiki {{high use}} {{Lua|Module:Yesno}} '''<code>Text</code>''' – Module containing methods for the manipulation of text, wikimarkup and some HTML. == {{Anchor|Vorlage}} Functions for templates == All methods have an unnamed parameter containing the text. The return value is an empty string if the parameter does not meet the conditions. When the condition is matched or some result is successfully found, strings of at least one character are returned. ; char {{Anchor|char}} : Creates a string from a list of character codes. ::; 1 ::: Space-separated list of character codes ::; * ::: Number of repetitions of the list in parameter '''1'''; (Default 1). ::; errors ::: <code>0</code> – Silence errors ; concatParams {{Anchor|concatParams}} : Combine any number of elements into a list, like <code>table.concat()</code> in Lua. : From a template: ::; 1 ::: First element; missing and empty elements are ignored. ::; 2 3 4 5 6 … ::: Further list elements : From Lua ::; args ::: ''table (sequence)'' of the elements ::; apply ::: Separator between elements; defaults to <code>|</code> ::; adapt ::: optional formatting, which will be applied to each element; must contain <code>%s</code>. ; containsCJK {{Anchor|containsCJK}} : Returns whether the input string contains any [[CJK characters]] :* Returns nothing if there are no CJK characters ; removeDelimited : Remove all text between delimiters, including the delimiters themselves. ; getPlain{{Anchor|getPlain}} : Remove wikimarkup (except templates): comments, tags, bold, italic, nbsp ; isLatinRange {{Anchor|isLatinRange}} : Returns some content, unless the string contains a character that would not normally be found in Latin text. :* Returns nothing if there is a non-Latin string. ; isQuote {{Anchor|isQuote}} : Returns some content if the parameter passed is a single character, and that character is a quote, such as <code>'</code>. :* Returns nothing for multiple characters, or if the character passed is not a quote. ; listToText {{Anchor|listToText}} : Formats list elements analogously to [[:mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#mw.text.listToText|mw.text.listToText()]]. : The elements are separated by a comma and space ; the word "and" appears between the first and last. : Unnamed parameters become the list items. : Optional parameters for <code>#invoke</code>: :* <code>format</code> – Every list element will first be formatted with this format string; see [[:mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#string.format|here]] for how to construct this string. The string must contain at least one <code>%s</code> sequence. :* <code>template=1</code> – List elements should be taken from the calling template. : Returns the resulting string. ; quote {{Anchor|quote}} : Wrap the string in quotes; quotes can be chosen for a specific language. ::; 1 ::: Input text (will be automatically trimmed); may be empty. ::; 2 ::: ''(optional)'' the [[ISO 639]] language code for the quote marks; should be one of the [[:de:Wikipedia:Lua/Modul/Text/Test#Anführungszeichen|supported languages]] {{in lang|de}} ::; 3 ::: ''(optional)'' <code>2</code> for second level quotes. This means the single quote marks in a statement such as: Jack said, “Jill said ‘fish’ last Tuesday.” ; quoteUnquoted {{Anchor|quoteUnquoted}} : : Wrap the string in quotes; quotes can be chosen for a specific language. Will not quote an empty string, and will not quote if there is a quote at the start or end of the (trimmed) string. ::; 1 ::: Input text (will be automatically trimmed); may be empty. ::; 2 ::: ''(optional)'' the [[ISO 639]] language code for the quote marks; should be one of the [[:de:Wikipedia:Lua/Modul/Text/Test#Anführungszeichen|supported languages]] {{in lang|de}} ::; 3 ::: ''(optional)'' <code>2</code> for second level quotes. This means the single quote marks in a statement such as: Jack said, “Jill said ‘fish’ last Tuesday.” ; removeDiacritics {{Anchor|removeDiacritics}} : Removes all [[diacritical marks]] from the input. ::; 1 ::;: Input text ; sentenceTerminated {{Anchor|sentenceTerminated}} : Is this sentence terminated? Should work with CJK, and allows quotation marks to follow. :* Returns nothing if the sentence is unterminated. ; ucfirstAll {{Anchor|ucfirstAll}} : The first letter of every recognized word is converted to upper case. This contrasts with the parser function {{tlg|:mw:ucfirst|alttext=ucfirst:}} which changes only the first character of the whole string passed. : A few common HTML entities are protected; the implementation of this may mean that numerical entities passed (e.g. <code>&amp;#38;)</code> are converted to <code>&amp;amp;</code> form ; uprightNonlatin {{Anchor|uprightNonlatin}} : Takes a string. Italicized non-Latin characters are un-italicized, unless they are a single Greek letter. ; zip {{Anchor|zip}} : Combines a tuple of lists by [[convolution (computer science)|convolution]]. This is easiest to explain by example: given two lists, list1 = "a,b,c" and list2 = "1,2,3", then<br><code>zip(list1, list2, sep = ",", isep = "-", osep = "/")</code><br>outputs<br><code>a-1/b-2/c-3</code> :* 1, 2, 3, … – Lists to be combined :* <code>sep</code> – A separator (in Lua [[regex]] form) used to split the lists. If empty, the lists are split into individual characters. :* <code>sep1</code>, <code>sep2</code>, <code>sep3</code>, … – Allows a different separator to be used for each list. :* <code>isep</code> – Output separator; placed between elements which were at the ''same'' index in their lists. :* <code>osep</code> – Output separator; placed between elements which had ''different'' original indices; i.e. between the groups joined with <code>isep</code> ; split {{Anchor|split}} : Splits a string into chunks at the specified delimiter, and returns the first (or user-specified) chunk. This is non-Unicode-aware implementation of [[:mw:Lua_reference_manual#mw.text.split|mw.text.split]] which, for ASCII-only text, can be up to 60 times faster. :* 1 (or <code>text</code>) – the text to be split :* 2 (or <code>pattern</code>) – the pattern to use when splitting the text. By default, this can be a [[:mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#Patterns|string library pattern]]. :* 3 (or <code>plain</code>) – if set to "true", <code>pattern</code> will be interpreted as plain text, not a pattern. :* 4 (or <code>index</code>) – The chunk to return. If omitted, the first chunk will be returned. Can be set to a negative number to count from the end (e.g. <code>-1</code> will return the last chunk). === Examples and test page === There are [[:de:Wikipedia:Lua/Modul/Text/Test|tests available]] {{in lang|de}} to illustrate this in practice. == {{Anchor|Lua}} Use in another Lua module == All of the above functions can be called from other Lua modules. Use <code>require()</code>; the below code checks for errors loading it: <syntaxhighlight lang="lua"> local lucky, Text = pcall( require, "Module:Text" ) if type( Text ) == "table" then Text = Text.Text() else -- In the event of errors, Text is an error message. return "<span class=\"error\">" .. Text .. "</span>" end </syntaxhighlight> You may then call: * <code>Text.char( apply, again, accept )</code> * <code>Text.concatParams( args, separator, format )</code> * <code>Text.containsCJK( s )</code> * <code>Text.removeDelimited( s )</code> * <code>Text.getPlain( s )</code> * <code>Text.isLatinRange( s )</code> * <code>Text.isQuote( c )</code> * <code>Text.listToText( table, format )</code> * <code>Text.quote( s, lang, mode )</code> * <code>Text.quoteUnquoted( s, lang, mode )</code> * <code>Text.removeDiacritics( s )</code> * <code>Text.sentenceTerminated( s )</code> * <code>Text.split( text, pattern, plain )</code> – non Unicode version of [[:mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#mw.text.split|mw.text.split]] * <code>Text.gsplit( text, pattern, plain )</code> – non Unicode version of [[:mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#mw.text.gsplit|mw.text.gsplit]] * <code>Text.ucfirstAll( s )</code> * <code>Text.uprightNonlatin( s )</code> == Usage == This is a general library; use it anywhere. == Dependencies == * [[Module:Yesno]] * [[Module:Text/data]] --- Lua patterns and information about quotes == See also == {{String-handling templates}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Modules that manipulate strings]] }}</includeonly> b5m6h4fai5y74k611d2eyvenm6f0rhs 10 127441 1323071 2026-08-06T19:55:11Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{#if:{{{sort|}}}| {{#if:{{yesno|{{{limited|}}}}}| {{#if:{{{limsub|}}}| {{#switch: {{{limsub|}}} |DC |DC Comics = [[Category:DC Comics limited series|{{{sort|}}}]] |Dark Horse |Dark Horse Comics = [[Category:Dark Horse Comics limited series|{{{sort|}}}]] |Image |Image Comics = [[Category:Image Comics limited series|{{{sort|}}}]] |Marvel |Marvel Comics = Category:Marvel Comics limited ser...' 1323071 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{sort|}}}| {{#if:{{yesno|{{{limited|}}}}}| {{#if:{{{limsub|}}}| {{#switch: {{{limsub|}}} |DC |DC Comics = [[Category:DC Comics limited series|{{{sort|}}}]] |Dark Horse |Dark Horse Comics = [[Category:Dark Horse Comics limited series|{{{sort|}}}]] |Image |Image Comics = [[Category:Image Comics limited series|{{{sort|}}}]] |Marvel |Marvel Comics = [[Category:Marvel Comics limited series|{{{sort|}}}]] |Vertigo = [[Category:Vertigo limited series|{{{sort|}}}]] |Wildstorm |WildStorm |Wildstorm Comics = [[Category:WildStorm limited series|{{{sort|}}}]] |[[Category:{{{limsub|}}} limited series|{{{sort|}}}]] }}| {{#switch: {{{subcat|}}} |DC |DC Comics = [[Category:DC Comics limited series|{{{sort|}}}]] |Dark Horse |Dark Horse Comics = [[Category:Dark Horse Comics limited series|{{{sort|}}}]] |Image |Image Comics = [[Category:Image Comics limited series|{{{sort|}}}]] |Marvel |Marvel Comics = [[Category:Marvel Comics limited series|{{{sort|}}}]] |Vertigo = [[Category:Vertigo limited series|{{{sort|}}}]] |Wildstorm |WildStorm |Wildstorm Comics = [[Category:WildStorm limited series|{{{sort|}}}]] |[[Category:Comic book limited series|{{{sort|}}}]] }} }} }}<!-- -->{{#if:{{yesno|{{{1shot|}}}}}|[[Category:One-shot comic titles|{{{sort|}}}]]}} }}<noinclude> Call structure: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> {{Comics infobox sec/formcat |sort = {{{sort|}}}/{{{sortkey|}}} |limited = {{{limited|}}} |limsub = {{{limsub|}}} |subcat = {{{subcat|}}} |1shot = {{{1shot|}}} }} </syntaxhighlight> </noinclude> e23lbx73fnjsbzcdamuwm0z34o3xej0 10 127442 1323072 2026-08-06T19:55:55Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '<includeonly>{{safesubst:#if:{{{Adventure|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{MArts|}}}{{{Spy|}}}{{{Superhero|}}}{{{War|}}}{{{Bond|}}}|| [[Category:Action-adventure comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }} }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{AltHistory|}}}|[[Category:Alternate history comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Anarch|}}}|[[Category:Anarchist comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Anthology|}}}|Cate...' 1323072 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:#if:{{{Adventure|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{MArts|}}}{{{Spy|}}}{{{Superhero|}}}{{{War|}}}{{{Bond|}}}|| [[Category:Action-adventure comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }} }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{AltHistory|}}}|[[Category:Alternate history comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Anarch|}}}|[[Category:Anarchist comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Anthology|}}}|[[Category:Comics anthologies|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Autobio|}}}|[[Category:Autobiographical comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Biopunk|}}}|[[Category:Biopunk comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Christian|}}}|[[Category:Christian comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Adaptation|}}}|[[Category:Comics based on {{safesubst:#switch:{{{Adaptation|}}} |video game |vg = video games |novel = fiction |film = films |TV = television series }}{{safesubst:!}}{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Crime|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{Detective|}}}{{{Mystery|}}}|| [[Category:Crime comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }} }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Crossover|}}}|[[Category:Crossover comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Chthulu|}}}|[[Category:Cthulhu Mythos comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Cyberpunk|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{Biopunk|}}}{{{Steampunk|}}}| |[[Category:Cyberpunk comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }} }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Erotic|}}}|[[Category:Erotic comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Fantasy|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{Historical|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{MArts|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{zh|}}}|| [[Category:Fantasy comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}| [[Category:Fantasy comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}| [[Category:Fantasy comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }} }}{{safesubst:#if:{{safesubst:#ifeq:{{{Myth|none}}}|Greek|1}}{{safesubst:#ifeq:{{{Myth|none}}}|Roman|1}}|[[Category:Classical mythology in comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Historical|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{Fantasy|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{MArts|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{zh|}}}|| {{safesubst:#if:{{{AltHistory|}}}|| [[Category:Historical comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }} }}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{AltHistory|}}}|| [[Category:Historical comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }} }}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{AltHistory|}}}|| [[Category:Historical comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }} }} }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Horror|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{Vampire|}}}{{{Werewolf|}}}{{{Zombie|}}}{{{Chthulu|}}}|| [[Category:Horror comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }} }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Humor|}}}|[[Category:Humor comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Bond|}}}|[[Category:James Bond comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{LoEG|}}}| {{safesubst:#ifeq:{{{altcat|none}}}|The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen|| [[Category:The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }} }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Magic|}}}|[[Category:Comics about magic (supernatural)|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{MArts|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{Historical|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{Fantasy|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{zh|}}}|| [[Category:Martial arts comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}| [[Category:Martial arts comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}| [[Category:Martial arts comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }} }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Detective|}}}{{{Mystery|}}}|[[Category:Mystery comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{SciFi|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{War|}}}| [[Category:Military science fiction comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{War|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{SciFi|}}}| [[Category:Military science fiction comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }} }} }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Myth|}}}| {{safesubst:#ifeq:{{{Myth|none}}}|Norse|| {{safesubst:#ifeq:{{{Myth|none}}}|Greek|| {{safesubst:#ifeq:{{{Myth|none}}}|Roman|| [[Category:Mythology in comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }} }} }} }}{{safesubst:#ifeq:{{{Myth|none}}}|Norse|[[Category:Norse mythology in comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Office|}}}|[[Category:Office comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{PostApoc|}}}|[[Category:Post-apocalyptic comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Romance|}}}|[[Category:Romance comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{SciFi|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{Biopunk|}}}{{{Cyberpunk|}}}{{{PostApoc|}}}{{{Steampunk|}}}{{{War|}}}{{{LoEG|}}}{{{WotW|}}}|| [[Category:Science fiction comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }} }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Spy|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{Bond|}}}|| [[Category:Spy comics|{{{sort |{{safesubst:PAGENAME}}}}}]] }} }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Steampunk|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{LoEG|}}}{{{WotW|}}}|| [[Category:Steampunk comics|{{{sort |{{safesubst:PAGENAME}}}}}]] }} }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Superhero|}}}|[[Category:Superhero comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{TechnoThril|}}}|[[Category:Techno-thriller comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{TimeTravel|}}}|[[Category:Comics about time travel|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Vampire|}}}|[[Category:Vampires in comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{War|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{SciFi|}}}{{{WW1|}}}{{{WW2|}}}|| [[Category:War comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }} }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{WotW|}}}|[[Category:Comics based on The War of the Worlds|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Werewolf|}}}|[[Category:Werewolves in comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Western|}}}|[[Category:Western (genre) comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{WW1|}}}|[[Category:World War I comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{WW2|}}}|[[Category:World War II comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Fantasy|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{Historical|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{MArts|}}}| {{safesubst:#if:{{{zh|}}}| [[Category:Wuxia comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }} }} }} }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Zombie|}}}|[[Category:Zombies in comics|{{{sort|}}}{{safesubst:PAGENAME}} ]] }}{{safesubst:#if:{{{Furry|}}}|[[Category:Comics genre cleanup]] }}</includeonly><noinclude> Call structure: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> {{Comics infobox sec/genrecat |sort = {{{sort|}}}/{{{sortkey|}}}/{{{sort_title|}}} |Adventure = {{{Adventure|}}} |AltHistory = {{{AltHistory|}}} |Anarch = {{{Anarch|}}} |Anthology = {{{Anthology|}}} |Autobio = {{{Autobio|}}} |Biopunk = {{{Biopunk|}}} |Bond = {{{Bond|}}} |Christian = {{{Christian|}}} |Chthulu = {{{Chthulu|}}} |Crime = {{{Crime|}}} |Crossover = {{{Crossover|}}} |Cyberpunk = {{{Cyberpunk|}}} |Detective = {{{Detective|}}} |Erotic = {{{Erotic|}}} |Fantasy = {{{Fantasy|}}} |Furry = {{{Furry|}}} |Historical = {{{Historical|}}} |Horror = {{{Horror|}}} |Humor = {{{Humor|}}} |LoEG = {{{LoEG|}}} |Magic = {{{Magic|}}} |MArts = {{{MArts|}}} |Mystery = {{{Mystery|}}} |Myth = {{{Myth|}}} |Office = {{{Office|}}} |PostApoc = {{{PostApoc|}}} |Romance = {{{Romance|}}} |SciFi = {{{SciFi|}}} |Spy = {{{Spy|}}} |Steampunk = {{{Steampunk|}}} |Superhero = {{{Superhero|}}} |TechnoThril = {{{TechnoThril|}}} |TimeTravel = {{{TimeTravel|}}} |Vampire = {{{Vampire|}}} |War = {{{War|}}} |WotW = {{{WotW|}}} |Werewolf = {{{Werewolf|}}} |Western = {{{Western|}}} |WW1 = {{{WW1|}}} |WW2 = {{{WW2|}}} |zh = {{{zh|}}} |Zombie = {{{Zombie|}}} }} </syntaxhighlight></noinclude> 3tjtl9qhdxx5hj3rrs9f47oa1h0f1c1 10 127443 1323073 2026-08-06T19:57:44Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '<span class="nowrap">{{#iferror:{{#expr:{{{1|1}}}}} |{{#switch:{{{1}}} |fig=&#8199; |en=&ensp; |em=&emsp; |thin=&thinsp; |hair=&#8202; |&nbsp; }} |{{#invoke:String|rep|{{#switch:{{{2}}} |fig=&#8199; |en=&ensp; |em=&emsp; |thin=&thinsp; |hair=&#8202; |&nbsp; }}|{{{1|1}}}}} }}</span><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude>' 1323073 wikitext text/x-wiki <span class="nowrap">{{#iferror:{{#expr:{{{1|1}}}}} |{{#switch:{{{1}}} |fig=&#8199; |en=&ensp; |em=&emsp; |thin=&thinsp; |hair=&#8202; |&nbsp; }} |{{#invoke:String|rep|{{#switch:{{{2}}} |fig=&#8199; |en=&ensp; |em=&emsp; |thin=&thinsp; |hair=&#8202; |&nbsp; }}|{{{1|1}}}}} }}</span><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> jukvcl40dksi5vvimpqq0n6czue0473 1323076 1323073 2026-08-06T19:59:13Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Ag athdhíriú go [[Teimpléad:Spaces]] 1323076 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Teimpléad:Spaces]] 29yg7fog21t4weq430qpp424zil1nne 10 127444 1323075 2026-08-06T19:58:15Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[</nowiki>[[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]<nowiki>]]) --> {{Template shortcut|&nbsp|nbs|nbsp|nbsp;|space|spcs}} {{COinS safe|n}} {{no subst}} {{high use}} {{stack|{{Lua|Module:String}}}}<!--wider box than {{Template shortcut}}--> A template used to insert one or more [[non-breaking space]]s (<code>&amp;nbsp;</code>) to prevent automatic line b...' 1323075 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[</nowiki>[[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]<nowiki>]]) --> {{Template shortcut|&nbsp|nbs|nbsp|nbsp;|space|spcs}} {{COinS safe|n}} {{no subst}} {{high use}} {{stack|{{Lua|Module:String}}}}<!--wider box than {{Template shortcut}}--> A template used to insert one or more [[non-breaking space]]s (<code>&amp;nbsp;</code>) to prevent automatic line breaks at specific points in the text. This is useful for keeping elements such as numbers and units together. == Usage == === Syntax === {{larger|<code><nowiki>{{spaces|</nowiki>''N''{{!}}''type''<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>}} produces ''N'' consecutive non-breaking spaces (where ''N'' is a [[Integer|whole number]] larger than zero) of the type specified by the second parameter (which are ordered by decreasing space width): <code>em</code>, <code>fig</code>, <code>en</code>, <code>thin</code>, <code>hair</code>. If type is not specified, ''N'' non-breaking spaces (<syntaxhighlight inline lang=xml>&nbsp;</syntaxhighlight>) are produced. A non-breaking space has the same width as a standard space, whose width is between the width of <code>en</code> and <code>thin</code>. {{larger|<code><nowiki>{{spaces|</nowiki>''type''<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>}} produces a single non-breaking space of the type indicated. === Controlling line-breaking in infoboxes === This template, usually as its alias {{tlx|nbsp}}, may be used with {{tlx|wbr}} and {{tlx|nowrap}} to control line-breaking in bulletless lists in infoboxes, to prevent wrapped long entries from being confused with multiple entries. See [[Template:Wbr/doc#Controlling line-breaking in infoboxes]] for details. == Comparisons == {{Space comparison}} == Template data == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "Inserts one or more non-breaking spaces", "params": { "1": { "label": "Quantity", "description": "How many non-breaking spaces to insert", "type": "number", "default": "1" }, "2": { "label": "Type", "description": "Non-default types (in decreasing order of width): em, fig, en, thin, hair", "type": "string", "default": "&nbsp;", "suggestedvalues": [ "em", "fig", "en", "nbsp", "thin", "hair" ] } } } </templatedata> == See also == * [[Template:Non breaking hyphen]] * [[Help:Advanced text formatting]] * {{tl|0}} to add invisible characters * {{tl|block indent}} to indent an entire block of content, similar to a [[Template:Quote|block quotation]] (uses {{tag|div|o}} and CSS margins) * {{tlg|nowrap|item|italic=on}} to stop the linewrapping of any part of {{var|item}} {{Inline spacing templates}} <includeonly>{{sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Inline spacing templates]] [[Category:Character templates]] }}</includeonly> 5kl6c84sn41lliraj7mf2j9ss3upcsz 1323077 1323075 2026-08-06T20:00:05Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Ag athdhíriú go [[Teimpléad:Spaces/doc]] 1323077 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Teimpléad:Spaces/doc]] ifhvmm4qft5gw8topfkrc7ly812628o 10 127445 1323078 2026-08-06T20:01:26Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[</nowiki>[[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]<nowiki>]]) --> {{Template shortcut|&nbsp|nbs|nbsp|nbsp;|space|spcs}} {{COinS safe|n}} {{no subst}} {{high use}} {{stack|{{Lua|Module:String}}}}<!--wider box than {{Template shortcut}}--> A template used to insert one or more [[non-breaking space]]s (<code>&amp;nbsp;</code>) to prevent automatic line b...' 1323078 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[</nowiki>[[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]<nowiki>]]) --> {{Template shortcut|&nbsp|nbs|nbsp|nbsp;|space|spcs}} {{COinS safe|n}} {{no subst}} {{high use}} {{stack|{{Lua|Module:String}}}}<!--wider box than {{Template shortcut}}--> A template used to insert one or more [[non-breaking space]]s (<code>&amp;nbsp;</code>) to prevent automatic line breaks at specific points in the text. This is useful for keeping elements such as numbers and units together. == Usage == === Syntax === {{larger|<code><nowiki>{{spaces|</nowiki>''N''{{!}}''type''<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>}} produces ''N'' consecutive non-breaking spaces (where ''N'' is a [[Integer|whole number]] larger than zero) of the type specified by the second parameter (which are ordered by decreasing space width): <code>em</code>, <code>fig</code>, <code>en</code>, <code>thin</code>, <code>hair</code>. If type is not specified, ''N'' non-breaking spaces (<syntaxhighlight inline lang=xml>&nbsp;</syntaxhighlight>) are produced. A non-breaking space has the same width as a standard space, whose width is between the width of <code>en</code> and <code>thin</code>. {{larger|<code><nowiki>{{spaces|</nowiki>''type''<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>}} produces a single non-breaking space of the type indicated. === Controlling line-breaking in infoboxes === This template, usually as its alias {{tlx|nbsp}}, may be used with {{tlx|wbr}} and {{tlx|nowrap}} to control line-breaking in bulletless lists in infoboxes, to prevent wrapped long entries from being confused with multiple entries. See [[Template:Wbr/doc#Controlling line-breaking in infoboxes]] for details. == Comparisons == {{Space comparison}} == Template data == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "Inserts one or more non-breaking spaces", "params": { "1": { "label": "Quantity", "description": "How many non-breaking spaces to insert", "type": "number", "default": "1" }, "2": { "label": "Type", "description": "Non-default types (in decreasing order of width): em, fig, en, thin, hair", "type": "string", "default": "&nbsp;", "suggestedvalues": [ "em", "fig", "en", "nbsp", "thin", "hair" ] } } } </templatedata> == See also == * [[Template:Non breaking hyphen]] * [[Help:Advanced text formatting]] * {{tl|0}} to add invisible characters * {{tl|block indent}} to indent an entire block of content, similar to a [[Template:Quote|block quotation]] (uses {{tag|div|o}} and CSS margins) * {{tlg|nowrap|item|italic=on}} to stop the linewrapping of any part of {{var|item}} {{Inline spacing templates}} <includeonly>{{sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Inline spacing templates]] [[Category:Character templates]] }}</includeonly> 5kl6c84sn41lliraj7mf2j9ss3upcsz 0 127446 1323079 2026-08-06T20:17:15Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Infobox comic book title  | image = | caption = | schedule = Míosúil | publisher = [[Image Comics]]<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Lovett|first=Jamie|date=13 Samhain 2014|title=Mark Millar And Sean Murphy Announce ''Taistealaithe ama'' At Image Comics|work=[[ComicBook.com]]|url=https://comicbook.com/news/mark-millar-and-sean-murphy-announce-chrononauts-at-image-comics|access-date=13 Samhain 2014}}</ref><br>[[Netflix]]<ref>{{cite magazine|last=McMillan|first=Graeme|...' 1323079 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox comic book title  | image = | caption = | schedule = Míosúil | publisher = [[Image Comics]]<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Lovett|first=Jamie|date=13 Samhain 2014|title=Mark Millar And Sean Murphy Announce ''Taistealaithe ama'' At Image Comics|work=[[ComicBook.com]]|url=https://comicbook.com/news/mark-millar-and-sean-murphy-announce-chrononauts-at-image-comics|access-date=13 Samhain 2014}}</ref><br>[[Netflix]]<ref>{{cite magazine|last=McMillan|first=Graeme|date=22 Iúil 2019|title=Netflix Invites Readers to Binge Mark Millar’s Next Comic Book|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/mark-millars-chrononauts-futureshock-be-released-binge-format-1226093|access-date=22 Iúil 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last=Griffith|first=Trey|date=22 Iúil 2019|title=Mark Millar's & Netflix's ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' Series To Be Released All At Once|work=Heroic Hollywood|url=https://heroichollywood.com/mark-millar-netflix-chrononauts|access-date=22 Iúil 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|author-link=Rich Johnston|last=Johnston|first=Rich|date=23 Iúil 2019|title=Image to Publish All 4 Issues of ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' by Mark Millar and Eric Canete On Same Day, 3 Years Late|work=[[Bleeding Cool]]|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/image-to-publish-all-4-issues-of-chrononauts-futureshock-by-mark-millar-and-eric-canete-on-same-day-3-years-late|access-date=23 Iúil 2019}}</ref> | startmo = Márta – Meitheamh | startyr = 2015 | endmo = Deireadh Fómhair | endyr = 2019 | issues = 4 + 4 | writers = [[Mark Millar]]<br>Shaun Brill {{small|(Shaun Brill)}} | artists = {{ubl|[[Sean Murphy (artist)|Sean Murphy]] {{small|(Imleabhar 1)}}|Conor Hughes {{small|(''Oíche an Damhsa'')}}|Eric Canete {{small|([[Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí|Imleabhar 2]])}}|Pepe Larraz {{small|(''[[Cluiche Mór]]'')}}}} | letterers = [[Chris Eliopoulos]]<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Armitage|first=Hugh|date=13 Samhain 2014|title=Mark Millar and Sean Murphy bring ''Taistealaithe ama'' to Image|work=[[Digital Spy]]|url=https://www.digitalspy.com/comics/a609933/mark-millar-and-sean-murphy-bring-chrononauts-to-image|access-date=13 Samhain 2014}}</ref> | colorists = [[Matt Hollingsworth]] | editors = Nicole Boose | TPB1 = Taistealaithe ama | ISBN1 = 1-63215-406-4 | TPB2 = [[Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí|Turraing na Todhchaí]] | ISBN2 = 1-5343-1508-X | TPB3 = [[Cluiche Mór]] | ISBN3 = 1-5343-9911-9 | main_char_team = Corbin Quinn<br>Danny Reilly }} '''''Taistealaithe ama''''' (as [[Béarla]]: ''Chrononauts'') is sraith [[American comic book|leabhar grinn Meiriceánach]] Briotanach í a chruthaigh [[Mark Millar]] agus [[Sean Murphy (artist)|Sean Murphy]], a d’fhoilsigh [[Image Comics]], agus atá suite i [[Millarworld]]. Cuireadh síos uirthi mar “''[[Apollo 13 (film)|Apollo 13]]'' ag bualadh le ''[[The Time Machine|An Meaisín Ama]]''”,<ref>{{cite magazine|last=McCubbin|first=John|date=13 Samhain 2014|title=Mark Millar and Sean Murphy to launch ''Taistealaithe ama'' at Image|work=Unleash the Fanboy|url=http://www.unleashthefanboy.com/comics/mark-millar-sean-murphy-launch-chrononauts-image/126454|access-date=13 Samhain 2014}}</ref> fógraíodh an teideal gar do dheireadh 2014, agus rith an chéad imleabhar ar feadh ceithre eagrán ó Mhárta go Meitheamh 2015.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Rivera|first=Joshua|date=13 Samhain 2014|title=NASA meets time travel in Mark Millar and Sean Murphy's ''Taistealaithe ama''|work=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|url=http://shelf-life.ew.com/2014/11/13/nasa-meets-time-travel-in-mark-millar-and-sean-murphys-chrononauts|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141116023600/http://shelf-life.ew.com/2014/11/13/nasa-meets-time-travel-in-mark-millar-and-sean-murphys-chrononauts/?hootPostID=553d084277cfb630a869b233b223c9e5|access-date=13 Samhain 2014|archive-date=16 Samhain 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> Lean dhá shraith leanúna ina dhiaidh sin: an tsraith ceithre eagrán ''[[Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí|Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí]]'' (2019; maisithe ag Eric Canete) agus an tsraith cúig eagrán ''[[Cluiche Mór]]'' (2023; maisithe ag Pepe Larraz), agus sraith eile le foilsiú ag [[Dark Horse Comics]].<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Weiss|first=Josh|title=Mark Millar Bringing ‘Millarworld’ Catalogue Over To Dark Horse Comics|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/joshweiss/2023/12/05/mark-millar-bringing-millarworld-catalogue-over-to-dark-horse-comics|access-date=5 Nollaig 2023|date=5 Nollaig 2023|website=[[Forbes]]|language=en}}</ref> Foilsíodh scéal aon-eagráin, ''Taistealaithe ama: Oíche an Damhsa'', scríofa ag Shaun Brill agus maisithe ag Conor Hughes, in 2017 freisin. Tá scannán gnéfhaid de ''Taistealaithe ama'' á fhorbairt ó 2015, agus tá sé i [[development hell|ifreann forbartha]] ó 2017. == Plota achoimre == ===''Taistealaithe ama''=== Corbin Quinn agus Danny Reilly beirt chairde agus geniusanna eolaíochta iad a bhfuil dúil acu sa spraoi. Nuair a thugann a gcuid taighde iad chuig aireagán [[time-travel|taistil ama]], an úsáidfidh siad a n-eolas ar mhaithe leis an gcine daonna ar fad? Nó an úsáidfidh siad an contanam spáis-ama dá gcuspóirí féin? Seo scéal na gcéad chéimeanna teilifíse a ghlac an duine tríd an sruth ama agus an chaoi a dtéann gach rud mícheart sa phróiseas.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Maillaro|first=Mike "Ace"|date=21 Márta 2015|title=Mark Millar takes on Time Travel, Nuns and Strippers in ''Taistealaithe ama'' #1|work=Critical Blast|url=https://www.criticalblast.com/articles/2015/03/21/mark-millar-takes-time-travel-nuns-and-strippers-chrononauts-1|access-date=21 Márta 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Millar|last2=Murphy|first1=Mark|first2=Sean|author-link1=Mark Millar|author-link2=Sean Murphy (artist)|date=9 Meán Fómhair 2015|title=''Taistealaithe ama'', Imleabhar 1|url=https://imagecomics.com/comics/releases/chrononauts-vol-1-tp|access-date=9 Meán Fómhair 2015|website=[[Image Comics]]}}</ref> ===''Oíche an Damhsa''=== In 2017, foilsíodh ''Taistealaithe ama: Oíche an Damhsa'', scríofa ag Shaun Brill agus maisithe ag Conor Hughes, mar chuid de ''Millarworld New Talent Annual 2017'', [[anthology|antolaíocht]] bhliantúil ina raibh eagrán speisialta aonair ina raibh na hiontrálacha buaiteacha ó chomórtas ar líne do chruthaitheoirí nua a reáchtáil Millar in 2016. Suite tar éis imeachtaí ''Taistealaithe ama'', feiceann an scéal Danny Corbin ag úsáid taistil ama chun iarracht a dhéanamh cáilíocht a [[Prom|oíche prom]] a fheabhsú.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Folkard|first=Dana|url=https://www.impulsegamer.com/millarworld-annual|title=''Millarworld: New Talent Annual 2017'' Review|access-date=21 Meán Fómhair 2017|date=21 Meán Fómhair 2017|website=Impulse Gamer}}</ref> ===''Turraing na Todhchaí''=== {{main|Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí}} Agus na fisiceoirí taistil-ama Corbin Quinn agus Danny Reilly ag iarraidh an todhchaí a shárú lena meaisín ama nua is déanaí—The Timehawk. Beagán níos sine ach gan a bheith níos críonna, filleann na cairde is fearr dá misean is mó fós, nuair a chuireann a sean-Ollamh agus a gcomhscoláire Bronwyn misean pléascach nua os a gcomhair chun deireadh na sibhialtachta daonna ar fad a chosc—na buachaillí ag filleadh ar an am atá thart chun an todhchaí útóipeach a chosaint ó thitim.<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Millar|last2=Murphy|first1=Mark|first2=Sean|author-link1=Mark Millar|author-link2=Sean Murphy (artist)|date=18 Márta 2020|title=''Taistealaithe ama'', Imleabhar 2: ''Turraing na Todhchaí''|url=https://imagecomics.com/comics/releases/chrononauts-vol-2-tp|access-date=18 Márta 2020|website=[[Image Comics]]}}</ref> ===''Cluiche Mór''=== {{main|Cluiche Mór|l1=Taistealaithe ama: Cluiche Mór}} Earcaíonn an billiúnaí [[Prodigy.|An Dr Edison Crane]] agus [[Barbara Gordon|"Bobbie Griffin"]] Corbin Quinn agus Danny Reilly, agus caithfidh siad aghaidh a thabhairt ar Thiarna Rúnda an Domhain agus ceannaire Bhráithreachas na Sárchoirpeach Wesley Gibson, agus na sárdhaoine ar fad ar domhan a shábháil a scrios sé, mar a rinne a athair uair amháin i 1986, chomh maith le dul i ngleic leis an Impireacht Ríoga [[prehistoric|réamhstairiúil]], a cabhlach tugtha chuig an lá inniu ag [[Hit-Girl|Mindy McCready]].<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Millar|last2=Larraz|first1=Mark|first2=Pepe|author-link1=Mark Millar|date=13 Nollaig 2023|title=''Cluiche Mór'', Trade Paperback|url=https://imagecomics.com/comics/releases/big-game-tp|access-date=13 Nollaig 2023|website=[[Image Comics]]}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} == Naisc sheachtracha == * [https://imagecomics.com/comics/series/chrononauts ''Taistealaithe ama''] ag [[Image Comics]] * [https://www.mrmarkmillar.com/comics/chrononauts ''Taistealaithe ama''] ag [[Mark Millar|An tUasal Mark Millar]] [[Catagóir:Teidil Image Comics]] [[Catagóir:Leabhair ghrinn le Mark Millar]] [[Catagóir:Túsanna leabhar grinn 2014]] [[Catagóir:Deireadh leabhar grinn 2015]] [[Catagóir:Túsanna leabhar grinn 2019]] [[Catagóir:Deireadh leabhar grinn 2019]] [[Catagóir:Túsanna leabhar grinn 2023]] [[Catagóir:Deireadh leabhar grinn 2023]] [[Catagóir:Leabhair ghrinn faoi thaisteal ama]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean faoi NASA]] [[Catagóir:Millarworld]] [[Catagóir:Taistealaithe ama]] jwrr7x2407263qss45rr1r73228tbfx 1323080 1323079 2026-08-06T20:17:55Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 1323080 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox comic book title  | image = | caption = | schedule = Míosúil | publisher = [[Image Comics]]<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Lovett|first=Jamie|date=13 Samhain 2014|title=Mark Millar And Sean Murphy Announce ''Taistealaithe ama'' At Image Comics|work=[[ComicBook.com]]|url=https://comicbook.com/news/mark-millar-and-sean-murphy-announce-chrononauts-at-image-comics|access-date=13 Samhain 2014}}</ref><br>[[Netflix]]<ref>{{cite magazine|last=McMillan|first=Graeme|date=22 Iúil 2019|title=Netflix Invites Readers to Binge Mark Millar’s Next Comic Book|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/mark-millars-chrononauts-futureshock-be-released-binge-format-1226093|access-date=22 Iúil 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last=Griffith|first=Trey|date=22 Iúil 2019|title=Mark Millar's & Netflix's ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' Series To Be Released All At Once|work=Heroic Hollywood|url=https://heroichollywood.com/mark-millar-netflix-chrononauts|access-date=22 Iúil 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|author-link=Rich Johnston|last=Johnston|first=Rich|date=23 Iúil 2019|title=Image to Publish All 4 Issues of ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' by Mark Millar and Eric Canete On Same Day, 3 Years Late|work=[[Bleeding Cool]]|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/image-to-publish-all-4-issues-of-chrononauts-futureshock-by-mark-millar-and-eric-canete-on-same-day-3-years-late|access-date=23 Iúil 2019}}</ref> | startmo = Márta – Meitheamh | startyr = 2015 | endmo = Deireadh Fómhair | endyr = 2019 | issues = 4 + 4 | writers = [[Mark Millar]]<br>Shaun Brill {{small|(Shaun Brill)}} | artists = {{ubl|[[Sean Murphy (artist)|Sean Murphy]] {{small|(Imleabhar 1)}}|Conor Hughes {{small|(''Oíche an Damhsa'')}}|Eric Canete {{small|([[Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí|Imleabhar 2]])}}|Pepe Larraz {{small|(''[[Cluiche Mór]]'')}}}} | letterers = [[Chris Eliopoulos]]<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Armitage|first=Hugh|date=13 Samhain 2014|title=Mark Millar and Sean Murphy bring ''Taistealaithe ama'' to Image|work=[[Digital Spy]]|url=https://www.digitalspy.com/comics/a609933/mark-millar-and-sean-murphy-bring-chrononauts-to-image|access-date=13 Samhain 2014}}</ref> | colorists = [[Matt Hollingsworth]] | editors = Nicole Boose | TPB1 = Taistealaithe ama | ISBN1 = 1-63215-406-4 | TPB2 = [[Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí|Turraing na Todhchaí]] | ISBN2 = 1-5343-1508-X | TPB3 = [[Cluiche Mór]] | ISBN3 = 1-5343-9911-9 | main_char_team = Corbin Quinn<br>Danny Reilly }} '''''Taistealaithe ama''''' (as [[Béarla]]: ''Chrononauts'') is sraith [[American comic book|leabhar grinn Meiriceánach]] Briotanach í a chruthaigh [[Mark Millar]] agus [[Sean Murphy (artist)|Sean Murphy]], a d’fhoilsigh [[Image Comics]], agus atá suite i [[Millarworld]]. Cuireadh síos uirthi mar “''[[Apollo 13 (film)|Apollo 13]]'' ag bualadh le ''[[The Time Machine|An Meaisín Ama]]''”,<ref>{{cite magazine|last=McCubbin|first=John|date=13 Samhain 2014|title=Mark Millar and Sean Murphy to launch ''Taistealaithe ama'' at Image|work=Unleash the Fanboy|url=http://www.unleashthefanboy.com/comics/mark-millar-sean-murphy-launch-chrononauts-image/126454|access-date=13 Samhain 2014}}</ref> fógraíodh an teideal gar do dheireadh 2014, agus rith an chéad imleabhar ar feadh ceithre eagrán ó Mhárta go Meitheamh 2015.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Rivera|first=Joshua|date=13 Samhain 2014|title=NASA meets time travel in Mark Millar and Sean Murphy's ''Taistealaithe ama''|work=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|url=http://shelf-life.ew.com/2014/11/13/nasa-meets-time-travel-in-mark-millar-and-sean-murphys-chrononauts|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141116023600/http://shelf-life.ew.com/2014/11/13/nasa-meets-time-travel-in-mark-millar-and-sean-murphys-chrononauts/?hootPostID=553d084277cfb630a869b233b223c9e5|access-date=13 Samhain 2014|archive-date=16 Samhain 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> Lean dhá shraith leanúna ina dhiaidh sin: an tsraith ceithre eagrán ''[[Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí|Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí]]'' (2019; maisithe ag Eric Canete) agus an tsraith cúig eagrán ''[[Cluiche Mór]]'' (2023; maisithe ag Pepe Larraz), agus sraith eile le foilsiú ag [[Dark Horse Comics]].<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Weiss|first=Josh|title=Mark Millar Bringing ‘Millarworld’ Catalogue Over To Dark Horse Comics|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/joshweiss/2023/12/05/mark-millar-bringing-millarworld-catalogue-over-to-dark-horse-comics|access-date=5 Nollaig 2023|date=5 Nollaig 2023|website=[[Forbes]]|language=en}}</ref> Foilsíodh scéal aon-eagráin, ''Taistealaithe ama: Oíche an Damhsa'', scríofa ag Shaun Brill agus maisithe ag Conor Hughes, in 2017 freisin. Tá scannán gnéfhaid de ''Taistealaithe ama'' á fhorbairt ó 2015, agus tá sé i [[development hell|ifreann forbartha]] ó 2017. == Plota achoimre == ===''Taistealaithe ama''=== Corbin Quinn agus Danny Reilly beirt chairde agus geniusanna eolaíochta iad a bhfuil dúil acu sa spraoi. Nuair a thugann a gcuid taighde iad chuig aireagán [[time-travel|taistil ama]], an úsáidfidh siad a n-eolas ar mhaithe leis an gcine daonna ar fad? Nó an úsáidfidh siad an contanam spáis-ama dá gcuspóirí féin? Seo scéal na gcéad chéimeanna teilifíse a ghlac an duine tríd an sruth ama agus an chaoi a dtéann gach rud mícheart sa phróiseas.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Maillaro|first=Mike "Ace"|date=21 Márta 2015|title=Mark Millar takes on Time Travel, Nuns and Strippers in ''Taistealaithe ama'' #1|work=Critical Blast|url=https://www.criticalblast.com/articles/2015/03/21/mark-millar-takes-time-travel-nuns-and-strippers-chrononauts-1|access-date=21 Márta 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Millar|last2=Murphy|first1=Mark|first2=Sean|author-link1=Mark Millar|author-link2=Sean Murphy (artist)|date=9 Meán Fómhair 2015|title=''Taistealaithe ama'', Imleabhar 1|url=https://imagecomics.com/comics/releases/chrononauts-vol-1-tp|access-date=9 Meán Fómhair 2015|website=[[Image Comics]]}}</ref> ===''Oíche an Damhsa''=== In 2017, foilsíodh ''Taistealaithe ama: Oíche an Damhsa'', scríofa ag Shaun Brill agus maisithe ag Conor Hughes, mar chuid de ''Millarworld New Talent Annual 2017'', [[anthology|antolaíocht]] bhliantúil ina raibh eagrán speisialta aonair ina raibh na hiontrálacha buaiteacha ó chomórtas ar líne do chruthaitheoirí nua a reáchtáil Millar in 2016. Suite tar éis imeachtaí ''Taistealaithe ama'', feiceann an scéal Danny Reilly ag úsáid taistil ama chun iarracht a dhéanamh cáilíocht a [[Prom|oíche prom]] a fheabhsú.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Folkard|first=Dana|url=https://www.impulsegamer.com/millarworld-annual|title=''Millarworld: New Talent Annual 2017'' Review|access-date=21 Meán Fómhair 2017|date=21 Meán Fómhair 2017|website=Impulse Gamer}}</ref> ===''Turraing na Todhchaí''=== {{main|Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí}} Agus na fisiceoirí taistil-ama Corbin Quinn agus Danny Reilly ag iarraidh an todhchaí a shárú lena meaisín ama nua is déanaí—The Timehawk. Beagán níos sine ach gan a bheith níos críonna, filleann na cairde is fearr dá misean is mó fós, nuair a chuireann a sean-Ollamh agus a gcomhscoláire Bronwyn misean pléascach nua os a gcomhair chun deireadh na sibhialtachta daonna ar fad a chosc—na buachaillí ag filleadh ar an am atá thart chun an todhchaí útóipeach a chosaint ó thitim.<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Millar|last2=Murphy|first1=Mark|first2=Sean|author-link1=Mark Millar|author-link2=Sean Murphy (artist)|date=18 Márta 2020|title=''Taistealaithe ama'', Imleabhar 2: ''Turraing na Todhchaí''|url=https://imagecomics.com/comics/releases/chrononauts-vol-2-tp|access-date=18 Márta 2020|website=[[Image Comics]]}}</ref> ===''Cluiche Mór''=== {{main|Cluiche Mór|l1=Taistealaithe ama: Cluiche Mór}} Earcaíonn an billiúnaí [[Prodigy.|An Dr Edison Crane]] agus [[Barbara Gordon|"Bobbie Griffin"]] Corbin Quinn agus Danny Reilly, agus caithfidh siad aghaidh a thabhairt ar Thiarna Rúnda an Domhain agus ceannaire Bhráithreachas na Sárchoirpeach Wesley Gibson, agus na sárdhaoine ar fad ar domhan a shábháil a scrios sé, mar a rinne a athair uair amháin i 1986, chomh maith le dul i ngleic leis an Impireacht Ríoga [[prehistoric|réamhstairiúil]], a cabhlach tugtha chuig an lá inniu ag [[Hit-Girl|Mindy McCready]].<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Millar|last2=Larraz|first1=Mark|first2=Pepe|author-link1=Mark Millar|date=13 Nollaig 2023|title=''Cluiche Mór'', Trade Paperback|url=https://imagecomics.com/comics/releases/big-game-tp|access-date=13 Nollaig 2023|website=[[Image Comics]]}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} == Naisc sheachtracha == * [https://imagecomics.com/comics/series/chrononauts ''Taistealaithe ama''] ag [[Image Comics]] * [https://www.mrmarkmillar.com/comics/chrononauts ''Taistealaithe ama''] ag [[Mark Millar|An tUasal Mark Millar]] [[Catagóir:Teidil Image Comics]] [[Catagóir:Leabhair ghrinn le Mark Millar]] [[Catagóir:Túsanna leabhar grinn 2014]] [[Catagóir:Deireadh leabhar grinn 2015]] [[Catagóir:Túsanna leabhar grinn 2019]] [[Catagóir:Deireadh leabhar grinn 2019]] [[Catagóir:Túsanna leabhar grinn 2023]] [[Catagóir:Deireadh leabhar grinn 2023]] [[Catagóir:Leabhair ghrinn faoi thaisteal ama]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean faoi NASA]] [[Catagóir:Millarworld]] [[Catagóir:Taistealaithe ama]] t9i2w85u2hdl0ep8ly7eeh40wto4119 1323094 1323080 2026-08-06T20:44:31Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 1323094 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox comic book title  | image = | caption = | schedule = Míosúil | publisher = [[Image Comics]]<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Lovett|first=Jamie|date=13 Samhain 2014|title=Mark Millar And Sean Murphy Announce ''Taistealaithe ama'' At Image Comics|work=[[ComicBook.com]]|url=https://comicbook.com/news/mark-millar-and-sean-murphy-announce-chrononauts-at-image-comics|access-date=13 Samhain 2014}}</ref><br>[[Netflix]]<ref>{{cite magazine|last=McMillan|first=Graeme|date=22 Iúil 2019|title=Netflix Invites Readers to Binge Mark Millar’s Next Comic Book|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/mark-millars-chrononauts-futureshock-be-released-binge-format-1226093|access-date=22 Iúil 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last=Griffith|first=Trey|date=22 Iúil 2019|title=Mark Millar's & Netflix's ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' Series To Be Released All At Once|work=Heroic Hollywood|url=https://heroichollywood.com/mark-millar-netflix-chrononauts|access-date=22 Iúil 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|author-link=Rich Johnston|last=Johnston|first=Rich|date=23 Iúil 2019|title=Image to Publish All 4 Issues of ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' by Mark Millar and Eric Canete On Same Day, 3 Years Late|work=[[Bleeding Cool]]|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/image-to-publish-all-4-issues-of-chrononauts-futureshock-by-mark-millar-and-eric-canete-on-same-day-3-years-late|access-date=23 Iúil 2019}}</ref> | startmo = Márta – Meitheamh | startyr = 2015 | endmo = Deireadh Fómhair | endyr = 2019 | issues = 4 + 4 | writers = [[Mark Millar]]<br>Shaun Brill {{small|(Shaun Brill)}} | artists = {{ubl|[[Sean Murphy (artist)|Sean Murphy]] {{small|(Imleabhar 1)}}|Conor Hughes {{small|(''Oíche an Damhsa'')}}|Eric Canete {{small|([[Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí|Imleabhar 2]])}}|Pepe Larraz {{small|(''[[Cluiche Mór]]'')}}}} | letterers = [[Chris Eliopoulos]]<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Armitage|first=Hugh|date=13 Samhain 2014|title=Mark Millar and Sean Murphy bring ''Taistealaithe ama'' to Image|work=[[Digital Spy]]|url=https://www.digitalspy.com/comics/a609933/mark-millar-and-sean-murphy-bring-chrononauts-to-image|access-date=13 Samhain 2014}}</ref> | colorists = [[Matt Hollingsworth]] | editors = Nicole Boose | TPB1 = Taistealaithe ama | ISBN1 = 1-63215-406-4 | TPB2 = [[Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí|Turraing na Todhchaí]] | ISBN2 = 1-5343-1508-X | TPB3 = [[Cluiche Mór]] | ISBN3 = 1-5343-9911-9 | main_char_team = Corbin Quinn<br>Danny Reilly }} '''''Taistealaithe ama''''' (as [[Béarla]]: ''Chrononauts'') is sraith [[American comic book|leabhar grinn Meiriceánach]] Briotanach í a chruthaigh [[Mark Millar]] agus [[Sean Murphy (artist)|Sean Murphy]], a d’fhoilsigh [[Image Comics]], agus atá suite i [[Millarworld]]. Cuireadh síos uirthi mar “''[[Apollo 13 (film)|Apollo 13]]'' ag bualadh le ''[[An Meaisín Ama]]''”,<ref>{{cite magazine|last=McCubbin|first=John|date=13 Samhain 2014|title=Mark Millar and Sean Murphy to launch ''Taistealaithe ama'' at Image|work=Unleash the Fanboy|url=http://www.unleashthefanboy.com/comics/mark-millar-sean-murphy-launch-chrononauts-image/126454|access-date=13 Samhain 2014}}</ref> fógraíodh an teideal gar do dheireadh 2014, agus rith an chéad imleabhar ar feadh ceithre eagrán ó Mhárta go Meitheamh 2015.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Rivera|first=Joshua|date=13 Samhain 2014|title=NASA meets time travel in Mark Millar and Sean Murphy's ''Taistealaithe ama''|work=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|url=http://shelf-life.ew.com/2014/11/13/nasa-meets-time-travel-in-mark-millar-and-sean-murphys-chrononauts|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141116023600/http://shelf-life.ew.com/2014/11/13/nasa-meets-time-travel-in-mark-millar-and-sean-murphys-chrononauts/?hootPostID=553d084277cfb630a869b233b223c9e5|access-date=13 Samhain 2014|archive-date=16 Samhain 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> Lean dhá shraith leanúna ina dhiaidh sin: an tsraith ceithre eagrán ''[[Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí|Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí]]'' (2019; maisithe ag Eric Canete) agus an tsraith cúig eagrán ''[[Cluiche Mór]]'' (2023; maisithe ag Pepe Larraz), agus sraith eile le foilsiú ag [[Dark Horse Comics]].<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Weiss|first=Josh|title=Mark Millar Bringing ‘Millarworld’ Catalogue Over To Dark Horse Comics|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/joshweiss/2023/12/05/mark-millar-bringing-millarworld-catalogue-over-to-dark-horse-comics|access-date=5 Nollaig 2023|date=5 Nollaig 2023|website=[[Forbes]]|language=en}}</ref> Foilsíodh scéal aon-eagráin, ''Taistealaithe ama: Oíche an Damhsa'', scríofa ag Shaun Brill agus maisithe ag Conor Hughes, in 2017 freisin. Tá scannán gnéfhaid de ''Taistealaithe ama'' á fhorbairt ó 2015, agus tá sé i [[development hell|ifreann forbartha]] ó 2017. == Plota achoimre == ===''Taistealaithe ama''=== Corbin Quinn agus Danny Reilly beirt chairde agus geniusanna eolaíochta iad a bhfuil dúil acu sa spraoi. Nuair a thugann a gcuid taighde iad chuig aireagán [[time-travel|taistil ama]], an úsáidfidh siad a n-eolas ar mhaithe leis an gcine daonna ar fad? Nó an úsáidfidh siad an contanam spáis-ama dá gcuspóirí féin? Seo scéal na gcéad chéimeanna teilifíse a ghlac an duine tríd an sruth ama agus an chaoi a dtéann gach rud mícheart sa phróiseas.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Maillaro|first=Mike "Ace"|date=21 Márta 2015|title=Mark Millar takes on Time Travel, Nuns and Strippers in ''Taistealaithe ama'' #1|work=Critical Blast|url=https://www.criticalblast.com/articles/2015/03/21/mark-millar-takes-time-travel-nuns-and-strippers-chrononauts-1|access-date=21 Márta 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Millar|last2=Murphy|first1=Mark|first2=Sean|author-link1=Mark Millar|author-link2=Sean Murphy (artist)|date=9 Meán Fómhair 2015|title=''Taistealaithe ama'', Imleabhar 1|url=https://imagecomics.com/comics/releases/chrononauts-vol-1-tp|access-date=9 Meán Fómhair 2015|website=[[Image Comics]]}}</ref> ===''Oíche an Damhsa''=== In 2017, foilsíodh ''Taistealaithe ama: Oíche an Damhsa'', scríofa ag Shaun Brill agus maisithe ag Conor Hughes, mar chuid de ''Millarworld New Talent Annual 2017'', [[anthology|antolaíocht]] bhliantúil ina raibh eagrán speisialta aonair ina raibh na hiontrálacha buaiteacha ó chomórtas ar líne do chruthaitheoirí nua a reáchtáil Millar in 2016. Suite tar éis imeachtaí ''Taistealaithe ama'', feiceann an scéal Danny Reilly ag úsáid taistil ama chun iarracht a dhéanamh cáilíocht a [[Prom|oíche prom]] a fheabhsú.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Folkard|first=Dana|url=https://www.impulsegamer.com/millarworld-annual|title=''Millarworld: New Talent Annual 2017'' Review|access-date=21 Meán Fómhair 2017|date=21 Meán Fómhair 2017|website=Impulse Gamer}}</ref> ===''Turraing na Todhchaí''=== {{main|Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí}} Agus na fisiceoirí taistil-ama Corbin Quinn agus Danny Reilly ag iarraidh an todhchaí a shárú lena meaisín ama nua is déanaí—The Timehawk. Beagán níos sine ach gan a bheith níos críonna, filleann na cairde is fearr dá misean is mó fós, nuair a chuireann a sean-Ollamh agus a gcomhscoláire Bronwyn misean pléascach nua os a gcomhair chun deireadh na sibhialtachta daonna ar fad a chosc—na buachaillí ag filleadh ar an am atá thart chun an todhchaí útóipeach a chosaint ó thitim.<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Millar|last2=Murphy|first1=Mark|first2=Sean|author-link1=Mark Millar|author-link2=Sean Murphy (artist)|date=18 Márta 2020|title=''Taistealaithe ama'', Imleabhar 2: ''Turraing na Todhchaí''|url=https://imagecomics.com/comics/releases/chrononauts-vol-2-tp|access-date=18 Márta 2020|website=[[Image Comics]]}}</ref> ===''Cluiche Mór''=== {{main|Cluiche Mór|l1=Taistealaithe ama: Cluiche Mór}} Earcaíonn an billiúnaí [[Prodigy.|An Dr Edison Crane]] agus [[Barbara Gordon|"Bobbie Griffin"]] Corbin Quinn agus Danny Reilly, agus caithfidh siad aghaidh a thabhairt ar Thiarna Rúnda an Domhain agus ceannaire Bhráithreachas na Sárchoirpeach Wesley Gibson, agus na sárdhaoine ar fad ar domhan a shábháil a scrios sé, mar a rinne a athair uair amháin i 1986, chomh maith le dul i ngleic leis an Impireacht Ríoga [[prehistoric|réamhstairiúil]], a cabhlach tugtha chuig an lá inniu ag [[Hit-Girl|Mindy McCready]].<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Millar|last2=Larraz|first1=Mark|first2=Pepe|author-link1=Mark Millar|date=13 Nollaig 2023|title=''Cluiche Mór'', Trade Paperback|url=https://imagecomics.com/comics/releases/big-game-tp|access-date=13 Nollaig 2023|website=[[Image Comics]]}}</ref> == Tagairtí == {{reflist}} == Naisc sheachtracha == * [https://imagecomics.com/comics/series/chrononauts ''Taistealaithe ama''] ag [[Image Comics]] * [https://www.mrmarkmillar.com/comics/chrononauts ''Taistealaithe ama''] ag [[Mark Millar|An tUasal Mark Millar]] [[Catagóir:Teidil Image Comics]] [[Catagóir:Leabhair ghrinn le Mark Millar]] [[Catagóir:Túsanna leabhar grinn 2014]] [[Catagóir:Deireadh leabhar grinn 2015]] [[Catagóir:Túsanna leabhar grinn 2019]] [[Catagóir:Deireadh leabhar grinn 2019]] [[Catagóir:Túsanna leabhar grinn 2023]] [[Catagóir:Deireadh leabhar grinn 2023]] [[Catagóir:Leabhair ghrinn faoi thaisteal ama]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean faoi NASA]] [[Catagóir:Millarworld]] [[Catagóir:Taistealaithe ama]] eac9f8mcdgswhxp41ohqnnjc4lgzw4i 0 127447 1323081 2026-08-06T20:18:17Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Ag athdhíriú go [[Taistealaithe ama]] 1323081 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Taistealaithe ama]] 6roka3r0fap7vygmnkg830gf4d0966a 0 127448 1323082 2026-08-06T20:18:49Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Ag athdhíriú go [[Taistealaithe ama#Oíche an Damhsa]] 1323082 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Taistealaithe ama#Oíche an Damhsa]] 53fqzdhh435iwxg6xmt1w5o4zenllhz 0 127449 1323083 2026-08-06T20:19:06Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Ag athdhíriú go [[Taistealaithe ama#Oíche an Damhsa]] 1323083 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Taistealaithe ama#Oíche an Damhsa]] 53fqzdhh435iwxg6xmt1w5o4zenllhz 0 127450 1323084 2026-08-06T20:41:03Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Infobox comic book title | image= | image_size= | alt= | caption= | schedule= | format= | limited=Y | ongoing= | 1shot= | genre= | publisher=[[Image Comics]]<ref>{{cite magazine|date=23 Iúil 2019|title=Foilseoidh Image na 4 eagrán ar fad de ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' le Mark Millar agus Eric Canete ar an lá céanna, 3 bliana déanach|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/image-to-publish-all-4-issues-of-chrononauts-futureshock-by-mark-millar-a...' 1323084 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox comic book title | image= | image_size= | alt= | caption= | schedule= | format= | limited=Y | ongoing= | 1shot= | genre= | publisher=[[Image Comics]]<ref>{{cite magazine|date=23 Iúil 2019|title=Foilseoidh Image na 4 eagrán ar fad de ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' le Mark Millar agus Eric Canete ar an lá céanna, 3 bliana déanach|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/image-to-publish-all-4-issues-of-chrononauts-futureshock-by-mark-millar-and-eric-canete-on-same-day-3-years-late|access-date=23 Iúil 2019|magazine=[[Bleeding Cool]]|last=Johnston|first=Rich|author-link=Rich Johnston|language=en-US}}</ref> | date=30 Deireadh Fómhair 2019 | issues=4 | main_char_team=Corbin Quinn<br>Danny Reilly | issn= | writers=[[Mark Millar]] | artists=Eric Canete<br>[[Pasqual Ferry]] (clúdaigh)<ref>{{cite magazine|date=9 Bealtaine 2021|title=Clúdach ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' #3 le Pasqual Ferry! Scríofa ag Mark Millar!|url=https://www.comicartfans.com/gallerypiece.asp?piece=1726376|access-date=9 Bealtaine 2021|magazine=Comic Art Fans|last=Lee|first=Robert|language=en-US}}</ref><br>{{small|{{ubl|[[Travis Charest]] (clúdaigh athraitheacha)<ref>{{cite magazine|date=22 Iúil 2019|title=Tugann Netflix cuireadh do léitheoirí an chéad leabhar grinn eile de chuid Mark Millar a léamh ar fad|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/mark-millars-chrononauts-futureshock-be-released-binge-format-1226093|access-date=22 Iúil 2019|magazine=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|last=McMillan|first=Graeme|language=en-US}}</ref><br>Kev Nowlan (clúdaigh athraitheacha)<br>Rey Macutay (clúdaigh athraitheacha)}}}} | pencillers= | inkers= | letterers=[[Peter Doherty (comics)|Peter Doherty]] | colorists=Giovanna Niro | editors=Rachel Fulton | creative_team_month= | creative_team_year= | creators=[[Mark Millar]]<br>[[Sean Murphy (artist)|Sean Murphy]] | CEheader= | TPB=Turraing na Todhchaí | ISBN=978-153431-5082 | subcat=Teidil Image Comics | altcat= | sort= | addpubcat#= | nonUS= }} '''''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí''''' (as [[Béarla]]: ''Chrononauts: FutureShock'') is sraith theoranta ghrinnleabhair Bhriotanach faoi [[time travel|thaisteal ama]] scríofa ag [[Mark Millar]] agus maisithe ag Eric Canete. Foilsithe ag [[Image Comics]],<ref>{{cite magazine|date=23 Iúil 2019|title=Foilseoidh Image na 4 eagrán ar fad de ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' le Mark Millar agus Eric Canete ar an lá céanna, trí bliana déanach|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/image-to-publish-all-4-issues-of-chrononauts-futureshock-by-mark-millar-and-eric-canete-on-same-day-3-years-late|access-date=23 Iúil 2019|magazine=[[Bleeding Cool]]|last=Johnston|first=Rich|author-link=Rich Johnston|language=en-US}}</ref> is seicheamh í an tsraith do ''[[Taistealaithe ama]]'' le Millar agus [[Sean Murphy (artist)|Sean Murphy]], agus í suite sa [[Millarworld]]. Déanann an tsraith cur síos ar na heachtraí leanúnacha a bhaineann le chronautaí [[NASA]] ([[Time travel|taistealaithe ama]]) Corbin Quinn agus Danny Reilly agus iad ag iarraidh teacht ar an todhchaí.<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Millar|last2=Murphy|first1=Mark|first2=Sean|author-link1=Mark Millar|author-link2=Sean Murphy (artist)|date=18 Márta 2020|title=''Taistealaithe ama'', Imleabhar 2: ''Turraing na Todhchaí''|url=https://imagecomics.com/comics/releases/chrononauts-vol-2-tp|access-date=18 Márta 2020|magazine=[[Image Comics]]}}</ref> Foilsíodh eagráin aonair na sraithe go léir ar an lá céanna, an 30 Deireadh Fómhair 2019,<ref>{{cite magazine|date=22 Iúil 2019|title=Eiseofar sraith ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' le Mark Millar agus Netflix ar fad in aon turas amháin|url=https://heroichollywood.com/mark-millar-netflix-chrononauts|access-date=22 Iúil 2019|magazine=Heroic Hollywood|last=Griffeth|first=Trey|language=en-US}}</ref> spreagtha ag samhail eisithe teilifíse na cuideachta tuismitheora Millarworld [[Netflix]],<ref>{{cite magazine|date=29 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|title=EISIACH: Léigh leath de ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' #1 sula dtagann an tsraith amach|url=https://www.cbr.com/extended-preview-chrononauts-futureshock-1|access-date=29 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|magazine=[[Comic Book Resources]]|last=Phegley|first=Kiel|language=en-US}}</ref> agus foilsíodh iad le chéile mar [[Graphic novel|úrscéal grafach]] an 18 Márta 2020.<ref>{{cite magazine|date=20 Nollaig 2019|title=''Decorum'', ''Stealth'', ''Mercy'', ''Outer Darkness/Chew'' agus ''920London'' seolta i bhfógraí Image Comics Márta 2020|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/recent-updates/decorum-stealth-mercy-outer-darkness-chew-and-920london-launch-in-image-comics-march-2020-solicitations|access-date=20 Nollaig 2019|magazine=[[Bleeding Cool]]|last=Johnston|first=Rich|author-link=Rich Johnston|language=en-US}}</ref> Lean ''[[Cluiche Mór]]'' uirthi in 2023,<ref>{{cite magazine|author=Foireann Comical Opinions|title=Léirmheas greannáin ar ''Big Game'' #2|url=https://comicalopinions.com/big-game-2-comic-review|access-date=24 Lúnasa 2023|date=24 Lúnasa 2023|magazine=Comical Opinions|language=en}}</ref> agus déanfaidh [[Dark Horse Comics]] í a athfhoilsiú mar [[Omnibus edition|eagrán cuimsitheach]] in 2024.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Weiss|first=Josh|title=Tá Mark Millar ag tabhairt catalóg ‘Millarworld’ chuig Dark Horse Comics|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/joshweiss/2023/12/05/mark-millar-bringing-millarworld-catalogue-over-to-dark-horse-comics|access-date=5 Nollaig 2023|date=5 Nollaig 2023|magazine=[[Forbes]]|language=en}}</ref> ==Bunphrionsabal== Is fisiceoirí taistil ama agus chronautaí clúiteacha domhanda de chuid [[NASA]] iad Corbin Quinn agus Danny Reilly a rinne an t-am atá thart a shárú, ach a fhaigheann amach nach féidir leo fiú iarracht a dhéanamh an todhchaí a shárú.<ref>{{cite magazine|date=30 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|title=Fáilte chuig ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' le Mark Millar agus Eric Canete do Image Comics agus Netflix|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/alt-right-vloggers-fascism-mark-millar-eric-canete-chrononauts-future-shock-image-comics-netflix|access-date=30 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|magazine=[[Bleeding Cool]]|last=Johnston|first=Rich|author-link=Rich Johnston|language=en-US}}</ref> Tar éis tástáil theipthe ar an meaisín ama is nuaí acu — an Timehawk — tuigeann an bheirt go bhfuil a ngníomhartha á gcur ó mhaith ag a sean-Ollamh Cross agus a gcomhscoláire Bronwyn Moir, fíor-aireagóirí an taistil ama, atá anois neamhbhásmhar agus a bhí i gceannas ar an am atá thart ón todhchaí ar feadh na mílte bliain.<ref>{{cite magazine|date=29 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|title=In Athbhreithniú: ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' #1 go dtí #4|url=https://www.scifipulse.net/in-review-chrononauts-futureshock-1-through-4|access-date=29 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|magazine=SciFiPulse.net|last=Cullen|first=Ian|language=en-US}}</ref> ==Carachtair== ; Príomhcharachtair * '''Corbin Quinn''' – Fisiceoir a bhuaigh [[Nobel Prize|Duais Nobel]] agus chronauta de chuid [[NASA]], comh-aireagóir an taistil ama, a d’úsáid an taisteal ama roimhe seo chun a phósadh a theip air a dheisiú tar éis dó an t-am a shárú go sealadach. * '''Danny Reilly''' – An cara is fearr de chuid Corbin, a bhfuil cáil air as a chaidreamh le mná, agus chronauta de chuid NASA, chomh-aireagóir an taistil ama. ; Frithlaochra * '''An tOllamh Cross''' – Iar-ollamh Corbin agus Danny, a rinne máistreacht rúnda ar an taisteal ama deich mbliana roimhe sin agus a sháraigh todhchaí an Domhain sa 23ú haois, agus a d’athraigh ina utóip í trí stair a athrú go foréigneach.<ref>{{cite magazine|date=25 Iúil 2019|title=Réamhamharc 15 Leathanach ar ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' le Eric Canete agus Mark Millar i mí Dheireadh Fómhair 2019|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/15-page-preview-of-eric-canete-and-mark-millars-chrononauts-future-shock-in-october-2019|access-date=25 Iúil 2019|magazine=[[Bleeding Cool]]|last=Johnston|first=Rich|author-link=Rich Johnston|language=en-US}}</ref> * '''Bronwyn Moir''' – Comhscoláire Corbin agus Danny roimhe seo agus dara ceannaire an Ollaimh, atá anois ina feallmharfóir oilte agus a d’athmhúnlaigh an stair go cúlghabhálach chun faisistí féideartha a mharú agus iad ina leanaí. * '''Aimiréal Brax''' – Ceannaire eachtrannach loinge cogaidh Kroq'ogh, a dhéanann iarracht ionradh a dhéanamh ar an Domhan sa 23ú haois. ; Carachtair thacúla * '''Rachel Quinn''' – Bean chéile ghrámhar Corbin, atá muiníneach as gach cumas atá aige. * '''Matilda Quinn''' – Iníon Corbin agus Rachel, a rugadh tar éis imeachtaí [[Taistealaithe ama|''Taistealaithe ama'' (2015)]]. * '''Kathy Reilly''' – Máthair Danny nach maireann, nach raibh sé in ann a bás a chosc toisc go gcuirfeadh a maireachtáil cosc ar aireagán an taistil ama. * '''Sophie Jones''' – Leanbh genius deich mbliana d’aois agus faisisteach atá ag teacht chun cinn, a bhfuil beartais a todhchaí ina mbagairt chun an cine daonna a scriosadh. * '''Cúntóir Amber''' – Cúntóir pearsanta i utóip Cross, a mheallann Danny nuair a fhaigheann sé amach go bhfuil caidrimh toirmiscthe sa todhchaí. * '''Charles Daniel''' "'''Charlie'''" '''Reilly''' – Seanathair Danny, a thóg é tar éis bhás a mháthar agus atá anois ag fulaingt ó [[Alzheimer's disease|ghalar Alzheimer]]. * '''Bean Reilly''' – Seanmháthair gan ainm Danny, a thóg é tar éis bhás a mháthar. ==Fáiltiú== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! Uimhir na heisiúna ! Dáta foilsithe ! Rátáil léirmheastóra ! Léirmheasanna léirmheastóirí |- | 1–4 | Deireadh Fómhair 2019 | 9.4/10 | 2 | <ref>{{cite magazine|title=Léirmheasanna ar ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing Amach'' (2019)|url=https://comicbookroundup.com/comic-books/trades/reviews/image-comics/chrononauts/vol-2|access-date=30 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|magazine=ComicBookRoundup.com|language=en-US}}</ref> |} ==Tagairtí== {{Reflist}} [[Catagóir:Teidil Image Comics]] [[Catagóir:Leabhair ghrinn le Mark Millar]] [[Catagóir:Túsanna leabhar grinn 2019]] [[Catagóir:Deirí leabhar grinn 2019]] [[Catagóir:Leabhair ghrinn faoi thaisteal ama]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean faoi NASA]] [[Catagóir:Taistealaithe ama]] c0gn28o76wfo3knmtnzjgld0h6xn0dg 1323091 1323084 2026-08-06T20:42:59Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 1323091 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox comic book title | image= | image_size= | alt= | caption= | schedule= | format= | limited=Y | ongoing= | 1shot= | genre= | publisher=[[Image Comics]]<ref>{{cite magazine|date=23 Iúil 2019|title=Foilseoidh Image na 4 eagrán ar fad de ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' le Mark Millar agus Eric Canete ar an lá céanna, 3 bliana déanach|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/image-to-publish-all-4-issues-of-chrononauts-futureshock-by-mark-millar-and-eric-canete-on-same-day-3-years-late|access-date=23 Iúil 2019|magazine=[[Bleeding Cool]]|last=Johnston|first=Rich|author-link=Rich Johnston|language=en-US}}</ref> | date=30 Deireadh Fómhair 2019 | issues=4 | main_char_team=Corbin Quinn<br>Danny Reilly | issn= | writers=[[Mark Millar]] | artists=Eric Canete<br>[[Pasqual Ferry]] (clúdaigh)<ref>{{cite magazine|date=9 Bealtaine 2021|title=Clúdach ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' #3 le Pasqual Ferry! Scríofa ag Mark Millar!|url=https://www.comicartfans.com/gallerypiece.asp?piece=1726376|access-date=9 Bealtaine 2021|magazine=Comic Art Fans|last=Lee|first=Robert|language=en-US}}</ref><br>{{small|{{ubl|[[Travis Charest]] (clúdaigh athraitheacha)<ref>{{cite magazine|date=22 Iúil 2019|title=Tugann Netflix cuireadh do léitheoirí an chéad leabhar grinn eile de chuid Mark Millar a léamh ar fad|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/mark-millars-chrononauts-futureshock-be-released-binge-format-1226093|access-date=22 Iúil 2019|magazine=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|last=McMillan|first=Graeme|language=en-US}}</ref><br>Kev Nowlan (clúdaigh athraitheacha)<br>Rey Macutay (clúdaigh athraitheacha)}}}} | pencillers= | inkers= | letterers=[[Peter Doherty (comics)|Peter Doherty]] | colorists=Giovanna Niro | editors=Rachel Fulton | creative_team_month= | creative_team_year= | creators=[[Mark Millar]]<br>[[Sean Murphy (artist)|Sean Murphy]] | CEheader= | TPB=Turraing na Todhchaí | ISBN=978-153431-5082 | subcat=Teidil Image Comics | altcat= | sort= | addpubcat#= | nonUS= }} '''''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí''''' (as [[Béarla]]: ''Chrononauts: FutureShock'') is sraith theoranta ghrinnleabhair Bhriotanach faoi [[time travel|thaisteal ama]] scríofa ag [[Mark Millar]] agus maisithe ag Eric Canete. Foilsithe ag [[Image Comics]],<ref>{{cite magazine|date=23 Iúil 2019|title=Foilseoidh Image na 4 eagrán ar fad de ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' le Mark Millar agus Eric Canete ar an lá céanna, trí bliana déanach|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/image-to-publish-all-4-issues-of-chrononauts-futureshock-by-mark-millar-and-eric-canete-on-same-day-3-years-late|access-date=23 Iúil 2019|magazine=[[Bleeding Cool]]|last=Johnston|first=Rich|author-link=Rich Johnston|language=en-US}}</ref> is seicheamh í an tsraith do ''[[Taistealaithe ama]]'' le Millar agus [[Sean Murphy (artist)|Sean Murphy]], agus í suite sa [[Millarworld]]. Déanann an tsraith cur síos ar na heachtraí leanúnacha a bhaineann le chronautaí [[NASA]] ([[Time travel|taistealaithe ama]]) Corbin Quinn agus Danny Reilly agus iad ag iarraidh teacht ar an todhchaí.<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Millar|last2=Murphy|first1=Mark|first2=Sean|author-link1=Mark Millar|author-link2=Sean Murphy (artist)|date=18 Márta 2020|title=''Taistealaithe ama'', Imleabhar 2: ''Turraing na Todhchaí''|url=https://imagecomics.com/comics/releases/chrononauts-vol-2-tp|access-date=18 Márta 2020|magazine=[[Image Comics]]}}</ref> Foilsíodh eagráin aonair na sraithe go léir ar an lá céanna, an 30 Deireadh Fómhair 2019,<ref>{{cite magazine|date=22 Iúil 2019|title=Eiseofar sraith ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' le Mark Millar agus Netflix ar fad in aon turas amháin|url=https://heroichollywood.com/mark-millar-netflix-chrononauts|access-date=22 Iúil 2019|magazine=Heroic Hollywood|last=Griffeth|first=Trey|language=en-US}}</ref> spreagtha ag samhail eisithe teilifíse na cuideachta tuismitheora Millarworld [[Netflix]],<ref>{{cite magazine|date=29 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|title=EISIACH: Léigh leath de ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' #1 sula dtagann an tsraith amach|url=https://www.cbr.com/extended-preview-chrononauts-futureshock-1|access-date=29 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|magazine=[[Comic Book Resources]]|last=Phegley|first=Kiel|language=en-US}}</ref> agus foilsíodh iad le chéile mar [[Graphic novel|úrscéal grafach]] an 18 Márta 2020.<ref>{{cite magazine|date=20 Nollaig 2019|title=''Decorum'', ''Stealth'', ''Mercy'', ''Outer Darkness/Chew'' agus ''920London'' seolta i bhfógraí Image Comics Márta 2020|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/recent-updates/decorum-stealth-mercy-outer-darkness-chew-and-920london-launch-in-image-comics-march-2020-solicitations|access-date=20 Nollaig 2019|magazine=[[Bleeding Cool]]|last=Johnston|first=Rich|author-link=Rich Johnston|language=en-US}}</ref> Lean ''[[Cluiche Mór]]'' uirthi in 2023,<ref>{{cite magazine|author=Foireann Comical Opinions|title=Léirmheas greannáin ar ''Big Game'' #2|url=https://comicalopinions.com/big-game-2-comic-review|access-date=24 Lúnasa 2023|date=24 Lúnasa 2023|magazine=Comical Opinions|language=en}}</ref> agus déanfaidh [[Dark Horse Comics]] í a athfhoilsiú mar [[Omnibus edition|eagrán cuimsitheach]] in 2024.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Weiss|first=Josh|title=Tá Mark Millar ag tabhairt catalóg ‘Millarworld’ chuig Dark Horse Comics|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/joshweiss/2023/12/05/mark-millar-bringing-millarworld-catalogue-over-to-dark-horse-comics|access-date=5 Nollaig 2023|date=5 Nollaig 2023|magazine=[[Forbes]]|language=en}}</ref> ==Bunphrionsabal== Is fisiceoirí taistil ama agus chronautaí clúiteacha domhanda de chuid [[NASA]] iad Corbin Quinn agus Danny Reilly a rinne an t-am atá thart a shárú, ach a fhaigheann amach nach féidir leo fiú iarracht a dhéanamh an todhchaí a shárú.<ref>{{cite magazine|date=30 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|title=Fáilte chuig ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' le Mark Millar agus Eric Canete do Image Comics agus Netflix|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/alt-right-vloggers-fascism-mark-millar-eric-canete-chrononauts-future-shock-image-comics-netflix|access-date=30 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|magazine=[[Bleeding Cool]]|last=Johnston|first=Rich|author-link=Rich Johnston|language=en-US}}</ref> Tar éis tástáil theipthe ar an meaisín ama is nuaí acu — an Timehawk — tuigeann an bheirt go bhfuil a ngníomhartha á gcur ó mhaith ag a sean-Ollamh Cross agus a gcomhscoláire Bronwyn Moir, fíor-aireagóirí an taistil ama, atá anois neamhbhásmhar agus a bhí i gceannas ar an am atá thart ón todhchaí ar feadh na mílte bliain.<ref>{{cite magazine|date=29 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|title=In Athbhreithniú: ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' #1 go dtí #4|url=https://www.scifipulse.net/in-review-chrononauts-futureshock-1-through-4|access-date=29 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|magazine=SciFiPulse.net|last=Cullen|first=Ian|language=en-US}}</ref> ==Carachtair== ; Príomhcharachtair * '''Corbin Quinn''' – Fisiceoir a bhuaigh [[Nobel Prize|Duais Nobel]] agus chronauta de chuid [[NASA]], comh-aireagóir an taistil ama, a d’úsáid an taisteal ama roimhe seo chun a phósadh a theip air a dheisiú tar éis dó an t-am a shárú go sealadach. * '''Danny Reilly''' – An cara is fearr de chuid Corbin, a bhfuil cáil air as a chaidreamh le mná, agus chronauta de chuid NASA, chomh-aireagóir an taistil ama. ; Frithlaochra * '''An tOllamh Cross''' – Iar-ollamh Corbin agus Danny, a rinne máistreacht rúnda ar an taisteal ama deich mbliana roimhe sin agus a sháraigh todhchaí an Domhain sa 23ú haois, agus a d’athraigh ina utóip í trí stair a athrú go foréigneach.<ref>{{cite magazine|date=25 Iúil 2019|title=Réamhamharc 15 Leathanach ar ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' le Eric Canete agus Mark Millar i mí Dheireadh Fómhair 2019|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/15-page-preview-of-eric-canete-and-mark-millars-chrononauts-future-shock-in-october-2019|access-date=25 Iúil 2019|magazine=[[Bleeding Cool]]|last=Johnston|first=Rich|author-link=Rich Johnston|language=en-US}}</ref> * '''Bronwyn Moir''' – Comhscoláire Corbin agus Danny roimhe seo agus dara ceannaire an Ollaimh, atá anois ina feallmharfóir oilte agus a d’athmhúnlaigh an stair go cúlghabhálach chun faisistí féideartha a mharú agus iad ina leanaí. * '''Aimiréal Brax''' – Ceannaire eachtrannach loinge cogaidh Kroq'ogh, a dhéanann iarracht ionradh a dhéanamh ar an Domhan sa 23ú haois. ; Carachtair thacúla * '''Rachel Quinn''' – Bean chéile ghrámhar Corbin, atá muiníneach as gach cumas atá aige. * '''Matilda Quinn''' – Iníon Corbin agus Rachel, a rugadh tar éis imeachtaí [[Taistealaithe ama|''Taistealaithe ama'' (2015)]]. * '''Kathy Reilly''' – Máthair Danny nach maireann, nach raibh sé in ann a bás a chosc toisc go gcuirfeadh a maireachtáil cosc ar aireagán an taistil ama. * '''Sophie Jones''' – Leanbh genius deich mbliana d’aois agus faisisteach atá ag teacht chun cinn, a bhfuil beartais a todhchaí ina mbagairt chun an cine daonna a scriosadh. * '''Cúntóir Amber''' – Cúntóir pearsanta i utóip Cross, a mheallann Danny nuair a fhaigheann sé amach go bhfuil caidrimh toirmiscthe sa todhchaí. * '''Charles Daniel''' "'''Charlie'''" '''Reilly''' – Seanathair Danny, a thóg é tar éis bhás a mháthar agus atá anois ag fulaingt ó [[Alzheimer's disease|ghalar Alzheimer]]. * '''Bean Reilly''' – Seanmháthair gan ainm Danny, a thóg é tar éis bhás a mháthar. ==Fáiltiú== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! Uimhir na heisiúna ! Dáta foilsithe ! Rátáil léirmheastóra ! Léirmheasanna léirmheastóirí ! Tagairtí |- | 1–4 | Deireadh Fómhair 2019 | 9.4/10 | 2 | <ref>{{cite magazine|title=Léirmheasanna ar ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing Amach'' (2019)|url=https://comicbookroundup.com/comic-books/trades/reviews/image-comics/chrononauts/vol-2|access-date=30 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|magazine=ComicBookRoundup.com|language=en-US}}</ref> |} ==Tagairtí== {{Reflist}} [[Catagóir:Teidil Image Comics]] [[Catagóir:Leabhair ghrinn le Mark Millar]] [[Catagóir:Túsanna leabhar grinn 2019]] [[Catagóir:Deirí leabhar grinn 2019]] [[Catagóir:Leabhair ghrinn faoi thaisteal ama]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean faoi NASA]] [[Catagóir:Taistealaithe ama]] 92xhtgz4d335gkal3uc8c9xy0lag83a 1323092 1323091 2026-08-06T20:43:20Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 1323092 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox comic book title | image= | image_size= | alt= | caption= | schedule= | format= | limited=Y | ongoing= | 1shot= | genre= | publisher=[[Image Comics]]<ref>{{cite magazine|date=23 Iúil 2019|title=Foilseoidh Image na 4 eagrán ar fad de ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' le Mark Millar agus Eric Canete ar an lá céanna, 3 bliana déanach|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/image-to-publish-all-4-issues-of-chrononauts-futureshock-by-mark-millar-and-eric-canete-on-same-day-3-years-late|access-date=23 Iúil 2019|magazine=[[Bleeding Cool]]|last=Johnston|first=Rich|author-link=Rich Johnston|language=en-US}}</ref> | date=30 Deireadh Fómhair 2019 | issues=4 | main_char_team=Corbin Quinn<br>Danny Reilly | issn= | writers=[[Mark Millar]] | artists=Eric Canete<br>[[Pasqual Ferry]] (clúdaigh)<ref>{{cite magazine|date=9 Bealtaine 2021|title=Clúdach ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' #3 le Pasqual Ferry! Scríofa ag Mark Millar!|url=https://www.comicartfans.com/gallerypiece.asp?piece=1726376|access-date=9 Bealtaine 2021|magazine=Comic Art Fans|last=Lee|first=Robert|language=en-US}}</ref><br>{{small|{{ubl|[[Travis Charest]] (clúdaigh athraitheacha)<ref>{{cite magazine|date=22 Iúil 2019|title=Tugann Netflix cuireadh do léitheoirí an chéad leabhar grinn eile de chuid Mark Millar a léamh ar fad|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/mark-millars-chrononauts-futureshock-be-released-binge-format-1226093|access-date=22 Iúil 2019|magazine=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|last=McMillan|first=Graeme|language=en-US}}</ref><br>Kev Nowlan (clúdaigh athraitheacha)<br>Rey Macutay (clúdaigh athraitheacha)}}}} | pencillers= | inkers= | letterers=[[Peter Doherty (comics)|Peter Doherty]] | colorists=Giovanna Niro | editors=Rachel Fulton | creative_team_month= | creative_team_year= | creators=[[Mark Millar]]<br>[[Sean Murphy (artist)|Sean Murphy]] | CEheader= | TPB=Turraing na Todhchaí | ISBN=978-153431-5082 | subcat=Teidil Image Comics | altcat= | sort= | addpubcat#= | nonUS= }} '''''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí''''' (as [[Béarla]]: ''Chrononauts: FutureShock'') is sraith theoranta ghrinnleabhair Bhriotanach faoi [[time travel|thaisteal ama]] scríofa ag [[Mark Millar]] agus maisithe ag Eric Canete. Foilsithe ag [[Image Comics]],<ref>{{cite magazine|date=23 Iúil 2019|title=Foilseoidh Image na 4 eagrán ar fad de ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' le Mark Millar agus Eric Canete ar an lá céanna, trí bliana déanach|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/image-to-publish-all-4-issues-of-chrononauts-futureshock-by-mark-millar-and-eric-canete-on-same-day-3-years-late|access-date=23 Iúil 2019|magazine=[[Bleeding Cool]]|last=Johnston|first=Rich|author-link=Rich Johnston|language=en-US}}</ref> is seicheamh í an tsraith do ''[[Taistealaithe ama]]'' le Millar agus [[Sean Murphy (artist)|Sean Murphy]], agus í suite sa [[Millarworld]]. Déanann an tsraith cur síos ar na heachtraí leanúnacha a bhaineann le chronautaí [[NASA]] ([[Time travel|taistealaithe ama]]) Corbin Quinn agus Danny Reilly agus iad ag iarraidh teacht ar an todhchaí.<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Millar|last2=Murphy|first1=Mark|first2=Sean|author-link1=Mark Millar|author-link2=Sean Murphy (artist)|date=18 Márta 2020|title=''Taistealaithe ama'', Imleabhar 2: ''Turraing na Todhchaí''|url=https://imagecomics.com/comics/releases/chrononauts-vol-2-tp|access-date=18 Márta 2020|magazine=[[Image Comics]]}}</ref> Foilsíodh eagráin aonair na sraithe go léir ar an lá céanna, an 30 Deireadh Fómhair 2019,<ref>{{cite magazine|date=22 Iúil 2019|title=Eiseofar sraith ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' le Mark Millar agus Netflix ar fad in aon turas amháin|url=https://heroichollywood.com/mark-millar-netflix-chrononauts|access-date=22 Iúil 2019|magazine=Heroic Hollywood|last=Griffeth|first=Trey|language=en-US}}</ref> spreagtha ag samhail eisithe teilifíse na cuideachta tuismitheora Millarworld [[Netflix]],<ref>{{cite magazine|date=29 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|title=EISIACH: Léigh leath de ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' #1 sula dtagann an tsraith amach|url=https://www.cbr.com/extended-preview-chrononauts-futureshock-1|access-date=29 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|magazine=[[Comic Book Resources]]|last=Phegley|first=Kiel|language=en-US}}</ref> agus foilsíodh iad le chéile mar [[Graphic novel|úrscéal grafach]] an 18 Márta 2020.<ref>{{cite magazine|date=20 Nollaig 2019|title=''Decorum'', ''Stealth'', ''Mercy'', ''Outer Darkness/Chew'' agus ''920London'' seolta i bhfógraí Image Comics Márta 2020|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/recent-updates/decorum-stealth-mercy-outer-darkness-chew-and-920london-launch-in-image-comics-march-2020-solicitations|access-date=20 Nollaig 2019|magazine=[[Bleeding Cool]]|last=Johnston|first=Rich|author-link=Rich Johnston|language=en-US}}</ref> Lean ''[[Cluiche Mór]]'' uirthi in 2023,<ref>{{cite magazine|author=Foireann Comical Opinions|title=Léirmheas greannáin ar ''Big Game'' #2|url=https://comicalopinions.com/big-game-2-comic-review|access-date=24 Lúnasa 2023|date=24 Lúnasa 2023|magazine=Comical Opinions|language=en}}</ref> agus déanfaidh [[Dark Horse Comics]] í a athfhoilsiú mar [[Omnibus edition|eagrán cuimsitheach]] in 2024.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Weiss|first=Josh|title=Tá Mark Millar ag tabhairt catalóg ‘Millarworld’ chuig Dark Horse Comics|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/joshweiss/2023/12/05/mark-millar-bringing-millarworld-catalogue-over-to-dark-horse-comics|access-date=5 Nollaig 2023|date=5 Nollaig 2023|magazine=[[Forbes]]|language=en}}</ref> ==Bunphrionsabal== Is fisiceoirí taistil ama agus chronautaí clúiteacha domhanda de chuid [[NASA]] iad Corbin Quinn agus Danny Reilly a rinne an t-am atá thart a shárú, ach a fhaigheann amach nach féidir leo fiú iarracht a dhéanamh an todhchaí a shárú.<ref>{{cite magazine|date=30 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|title=Fáilte chuig ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' le Mark Millar agus Eric Canete do Image Comics agus Netflix|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/alt-right-vloggers-fascism-mark-millar-eric-canete-chrononauts-future-shock-image-comics-netflix|access-date=30 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|magazine=[[Bleeding Cool]]|last=Johnston|first=Rich|author-link=Rich Johnston|language=en-US}}</ref> Tar éis tástáil theipthe ar an meaisín ama is nuaí acu — an Timehawk — tuigeann an bheirt go bhfuil a ngníomhartha á gcur ó mhaith ag a sean-Ollamh Cross agus a gcomhscoláire Bronwyn Moir, fíor-aireagóirí an taistil ama, atá anois neamhbhásmhar agus a bhí i gceannas ar an am atá thart ón todhchaí ar feadh na mílte bliain.<ref>{{cite magazine|date=29 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|title=In Athbhreithniú: ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' #1 go dtí #4|url=https://www.scifipulse.net/in-review-chrononauts-futureshock-1-through-4|access-date=29 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|magazine=SciFiPulse.net|last=Cullen|first=Ian|language=en-US}}</ref> ==Carachtair== ; Príomhcharachtair * '''Corbin Quinn''' – Fisiceoir a bhuaigh [[Nobel Prize|Duais Nobel]] agus chronauta de chuid [[NASA]], comh-aireagóir an taistil ama, a d’úsáid an taisteal ama roimhe seo chun a phósadh a theip air a dheisiú tar éis dó an t-am a shárú go sealadach. * '''Danny Reilly''' – An cara is fearr de chuid Corbin, a bhfuil cáil air as a chaidreamh le mná, agus chronauta de chuid NASA, chomh-aireagóir an taistil ama. ; Frithlaochra * '''An tOllamh Cross''' – Iar-ollamh Corbin agus Danny, a rinne máistreacht rúnda ar an taisteal ama deich mbliana roimhe sin agus a sháraigh todhchaí an Domhain sa 23ú haois, agus a d’athraigh ina utóip í trí stair a athrú go foréigneach.<ref>{{cite magazine|date=25 Iúil 2019|title=Réamhamharc 15 Leathanach ar ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' le Eric Canete agus Mark Millar i mí Dheireadh Fómhair 2019|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/15-page-preview-of-eric-canete-and-mark-millars-chrononauts-future-shock-in-october-2019|access-date=25 Iúil 2019|magazine=[[Bleeding Cool]]|last=Johnston|first=Rich|author-link=Rich Johnston|language=en-US}}</ref> * '''Bronwyn Moir''' – Comhscoláire Corbin agus Danny roimhe seo agus dara ceannaire an Ollaimh, atá anois ina feallmharfóir oilte agus a d’athmhúnlaigh an stair go cúlghabhálach chun faisistí féideartha a mharú agus iad ina leanaí. * '''Aimiréal Brax''' – Ceannaire eachtrannach loinge cogaidh Kroq'ogh, a dhéanann iarracht ionradh a dhéanamh ar an Domhan sa 23ú haois. ; Carachtair thacúla * '''Rachel Quinn''' – Bean chéile ghrámhar Corbin, atá muiníneach as gach cumas atá aige. * '''Matilda Quinn''' – Iníon Corbin agus Rachel, a rugadh tar éis imeachtaí [[Taistealaithe ama|''Taistealaithe ama'' (2015)]]. * '''Kathy Reilly''' – Máthair Danny nach maireann, nach raibh sé in ann a bás a chosc toisc go gcuirfeadh a maireachtáil cosc ar aireagán an taistil ama. * '''Sophie Jones''' – Leanbh genius deich mbliana d’aois agus faisisteach atá ag teacht chun cinn, a bhfuil beartais a todhchaí ina mbagairt chun an cine daonna a scriosadh. * '''Cúntóir Amber''' – Cúntóir pearsanta i utóip Cross, a mheallann Danny nuair a fhaigheann sé amach go bhfuil caidrimh toirmiscthe sa todhchaí. * '''Charles Daniel''' "'''Charlie'''" '''Reilly''' – Seanathair Danny, a thóg é tar éis bhás a mháthar agus atá anois ag fulaingt ó [[Alzheimer's disease|ghalar Alzheimer]]. * '''Bean Reilly''' – Seanmháthair gan ainm Danny, a thóg é tar éis bhás a mháthar. ==Fáiltiú== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! Uimhir na heisiúna ! Dáta foilsithe ! Rátáil léirmheastóra ! Léirmheasanna léirmheastóirí ! Tagairtí |- | #1–4 | Deireadh Fómhair 2019 | 9.4/10 | 2 | <ref>{{cite magazine|title=Léirmheasanna ar ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing Amach'' (2019)|url=https://comicbookroundup.com/comic-books/trades/reviews/image-comics/chrononauts/vol-2|access-date=30 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|magazine=ComicBookRoundup.com|language=en-US}}</ref> |} ==Tagairtí== {{Reflist}} [[Catagóir:Teidil Image Comics]] [[Catagóir:Leabhair ghrinn le Mark Millar]] [[Catagóir:Túsanna leabhar grinn 2019]] [[Catagóir:Deirí leabhar grinn 2019]] [[Catagóir:Leabhair ghrinn faoi thaisteal ama]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean faoi NASA]] [[Catagóir:Taistealaithe ama]] gpa7623wfe9rt0dpiz5sza5xcwic9pz 1323093 1323092 2026-08-06T20:43:47Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 1323093 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox comic book title | image= | image_size= | alt= | caption= | schedule= | format= | limited=Y | ongoing= | 1shot= | genre= | publisher=[[Image Comics]]<ref>{{cite magazine|date=23 Iúil 2019|title=Foilseoidh Image na 4 eagrán ar fad de ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' le Mark Millar agus Eric Canete ar an lá céanna, 3 bliana déanach|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/image-to-publish-all-4-issues-of-chrononauts-futureshock-by-mark-millar-and-eric-canete-on-same-day-3-years-late|access-date=23 Iúil 2019|magazine=[[Bleeding Cool]]|last=Johnston|first=Rich|author-link=Rich Johnston|language=en-US}}</ref> | date=30 Deireadh Fómhair 2019 | issues=4 | main_char_team=Corbin Quinn<br>Danny Reilly | issn= | writers=[[Mark Millar]] | artists=Eric Canete<br>[[Pasqual Ferry]] (clúdaigh)<ref>{{cite magazine|date=9 Bealtaine 2021|title=Clúdach ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' #3 le Pasqual Ferry! Scríofa ag Mark Millar!|url=https://www.comicartfans.com/gallerypiece.asp?piece=1726376|access-date=9 Bealtaine 2021|magazine=Comic Art Fans|last=Lee|first=Robert|language=en-US}}</ref><br>{{small|{{ubl|[[Travis Charest]] (clúdaigh athraitheacha)<ref>{{cite magazine|date=22 Iúil 2019|title=Tugann Netflix cuireadh do léitheoirí an chéad leabhar grinn eile de chuid Mark Millar a léamh ar fad|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/mark-millars-chrononauts-futureshock-be-released-binge-format-1226093|access-date=22 Iúil 2019|magazine=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|last=McMillan|first=Graeme|language=en-US}}</ref><br>Kev Nowlan (clúdaigh athraitheacha)<br>Rey Macutay (clúdaigh athraitheacha)}}}} | pencillers= | inkers= | letterers=[[Peter Doherty (comics)|Peter Doherty]] | colorists=Giovanna Niro | editors=Rachel Fulton | creative_team_month= | creative_team_year= | creators=[[Mark Millar]]<br>[[Sean Murphy (artist)|Sean Murphy]] | CEheader= | TPB=Turraing na Todhchaí | ISBN=978-153431-5082 | subcat=Teidil Image Comics | altcat= | sort= | addpubcat#= | nonUS= }} '''''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí''''' (as [[Béarla]]: ''Chrononauts: FutureShock'') is sraith theoranta ghrinnleabhair Bhriotanach faoi [[time travel|thaisteal ama]] scríofa ag [[Mark Millar]] agus maisithe ag Eric Canete. Foilsithe ag [[Image Comics]],<ref>{{cite magazine|date=23 Iúil 2019|title=Foilseoidh Image na 4 eagrán ar fad de ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' le Mark Millar agus Eric Canete ar an lá céanna, trí bliana déanach|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/image-to-publish-all-4-issues-of-chrononauts-futureshock-by-mark-millar-and-eric-canete-on-same-day-3-years-late|access-date=23 Iúil 2019|magazine=[[Bleeding Cool]]|last=Johnston|first=Rich|author-link=Rich Johnston|language=en-US}}</ref> is seicheamh í an tsraith do ''[[Taistealaithe ama]]'' le Millar agus [[Sean Murphy (artist)|Sean Murphy]], agus í suite sa [[Millarworld]]. Déanann an tsraith cur síos ar na heachtraí leanúnacha a bhaineann le chronautaí [[NASA]] ([[Time travel|taistealaithe ama]]) Corbin Quinn agus Danny Reilly agus iad ag iarraidh teacht ar an todhchaí.<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Millar|last2=Murphy|first1=Mark|first2=Sean|author-link1=Mark Millar|author-link2=Sean Murphy (artist)|date=18 Márta 2020|title=''Taistealaithe ama'', Imleabhar 2: ''Turraing na Todhchaí''|url=https://imagecomics.com/comics/releases/chrononauts-vol-2-tp|access-date=18 Márta 2020|magazine=[[Image Comics]]}}</ref> Foilsíodh eagráin aonair na sraithe go léir ar an lá céanna, an 30 Deireadh Fómhair 2019,<ref>{{cite magazine|date=22 Iúil 2019|title=Eiseofar sraith ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' le Mark Millar agus Netflix ar fad in aon turas amháin|url=https://heroichollywood.com/mark-millar-netflix-chrononauts|access-date=22 Iúil 2019|magazine=Heroic Hollywood|last=Griffeth|first=Trey|language=en-US}}</ref> spreagtha ag samhail eisithe teilifíse na cuideachta tuismitheora Millarworld [[Netflix]],<ref>{{cite magazine|date=29 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|title=EISIACH: Léigh leath de ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' #1 sula dtagann an tsraith amach|url=https://www.cbr.com/extended-preview-chrononauts-futureshock-1|access-date=29 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|magazine=[[Comic Book Resources]]|last=Phegley|first=Kiel|language=en-US}}</ref> agus foilsíodh iad le chéile mar [[Graphic novel|úrscéal grafach]] an 18 Márta 2020.<ref>{{cite magazine|date=20 Nollaig 2019|title=''Decorum'', ''Stealth'', ''Mercy'', ''Outer Darkness/Chew'' agus ''920London'' seolta i bhfógraí Image Comics Márta 2020|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/recent-updates/decorum-stealth-mercy-outer-darkness-chew-and-920london-launch-in-image-comics-march-2020-solicitations|access-date=20 Nollaig 2019|magazine=[[Bleeding Cool]]|last=Johnston|first=Rich|author-link=Rich Johnston|language=en-US}}</ref> Lean ''[[Cluiche Mór]]'' uirthi in 2023,<ref>{{cite magazine|author=Foireann Comical Opinions|title=Léirmheas greannáin ar ''Big Game'' #2|url=https://comicalopinions.com/big-game-2-comic-review|access-date=24 Lúnasa 2023|date=24 Lúnasa 2023|magazine=Comical Opinions|language=en}}</ref> agus déanfaidh [[Dark Horse Comics]] í a athfhoilsiú mar [[Omnibus edition|eagrán cuimsitheach]] in 2024.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Weiss|first=Josh|title=Tá Mark Millar ag tabhairt catalóg ‘Millarworld’ chuig Dark Horse Comics|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/joshweiss/2023/12/05/mark-millar-bringing-millarworld-catalogue-over-to-dark-horse-comics|access-date=5 Nollaig 2023|date=5 Nollaig 2023|magazine=[[Forbes]]|language=en}}</ref> ==Bunphrionsabal== Is fisiceoirí taistil ama agus chronautaí clúiteacha domhanda de chuid [[NASA]] iad Corbin Quinn agus Danny Reilly a rinne an t-am atá thart a shárú, ach a fhaigheann amach nach féidir leo fiú iarracht a dhéanamh an todhchaí a shárú.<ref>{{cite magazine|date=30 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|title=Fáilte chuig ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' le Mark Millar agus Eric Canete do Image Comics agus Netflix|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/alt-right-vloggers-fascism-mark-millar-eric-canete-chrononauts-future-shock-image-comics-netflix|access-date=30 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|magazine=[[Bleeding Cool]]|last=Johnston|first=Rich|author-link=Rich Johnston|language=en-US}}</ref> Tar éis tástáil theipthe ar an meaisín ama is nuaí acu — an Timehawk — tuigeann an bheirt go bhfuil a ngníomhartha á gcur ó mhaith ag a sean-Ollamh Cross agus a gcomhscoláire Bronwyn Moir, fíor-aireagóirí an taistil ama, atá anois neamhbhásmhar agus a bhí i gceannas ar an am atá thart ón todhchaí ar feadh na mílte bliain.<ref>{{cite magazine|date=29 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|title=In Athbhreithniú: ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' #1 go dtí #4|url=https://www.scifipulse.net/in-review-chrononauts-futureshock-1-through-4|access-date=29 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|magazine=SciFiPulse.net|last=Cullen|first=Ian|language=en-US}}</ref> ==Carachtair== ; Príomhcharachtair * '''Corbin Quinn''' – Fisiceoir a bhuaigh [[Nobel Prize|Duais Nobel]] agus chronauta de chuid [[NASA]], comh-aireagóir an taistil ama, a d’úsáid an taisteal ama roimhe seo chun a phósadh a theip air a dheisiú tar éis dó an t-am a shárú go sealadach. * '''Danny Reilly''' – An cara is fearr de chuid Corbin, a bhfuil cáil air as a chaidreamh le mná, agus chronauta de chuid NASA, chomh-aireagóir an taistil ama. ; Frithlaochra * '''An tOllamh Cross''' – Iar-ollamh Corbin agus Danny, a rinne máistreacht rúnda ar an taisteal ama deich mbliana roimhe sin agus a sháraigh todhchaí an Domhain sa 23ú haois, agus a d’athraigh ina utóip í trí stair a athrú go foréigneach.<ref>{{cite magazine|date=25 Iúil 2019|title=Réamhamharc 15 Leathanach ar ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' le Eric Canete agus Mark Millar i mí Dheireadh Fómhair 2019|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/15-page-preview-of-eric-canete-and-mark-millars-chrononauts-future-shock-in-october-2019|access-date=25 Iúil 2019|magazine=[[Bleeding Cool]]|last=Johnston|first=Rich|author-link=Rich Johnston|language=en-US}}</ref> * '''Bronwyn Moir''' – Comhscoláire Corbin agus Danny roimhe seo agus dara ceannaire an Ollaimh, atá anois ina feallmharfóir oilte agus a d’athmhúnlaigh an stair go cúlghabhálach chun faisistí féideartha a mharú agus iad ina leanaí. * '''Aimiréal Brax''' – Ceannaire eachtrannach loinge cogaidh Kroq'ogh, a dhéanann iarracht ionradh a dhéanamh ar an Domhan sa 23ú haois. ; Carachtair thacúla * '''Rachel Quinn''' – Bean chéile ghrámhar Corbin, atá muiníneach as gach cumas atá aige. * '''Matilda Quinn''' – Iníon Corbin agus Rachel, a rugadh tar éis imeachtaí [[Taistealaithe ama|''Taistealaithe ama'' (2015)]]. * '''Kathy Reilly''' – Máthair Danny nach maireann, nach raibh sé in ann a bás a chosc toisc go gcuirfeadh a maireachtáil cosc ar aireagán an taistil ama. * '''Sophie Jones''' – Leanbh genius deich mbliana d’aois agus faisisteach atá ag teacht chun cinn, a bhfuil beartais a todhchaí ina mbagairt chun an cine daonna a scriosadh. * '''Cúntóir Amber''' – Cúntóir pearsanta i utóip Cross, a mheallann Danny nuair a fhaigheann sé amach go bhfuil caidrimh toirmiscthe sa todhchaí. * '''Charles Daniel''' "'''Charlie'''" '''Reilly''' – Seanathair Danny, a thóg é tar éis bhás a mháthar agus atá anois ag fulaingt ó [[Alzheimer's disease|ghalar Alzheimer]]. * '''Bean Reilly''' – Seanmháthair gan ainm Danny, a thóg é tar éis bhás a mháthar. ==Fáiltiú== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! Uimhir na heisiúna ! Dáta foilsithe ! Rátáil léirmheastóra ! Léirmheasanna léirmheastóirí ! Tagairtí |- | #1–4 | Deireadh Fómhair 2019 | 9.4/10 | 2 | <ref>{{cite magazine|title=Léirmheasanna ar ''Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí'' (2019)|url=https://comicbookroundup.com/comic-books/trades/reviews/image-comics/chrononauts/vol-2|access-date=30 Deireadh Fómhair 2019|magazine=ComicBookRoundup.com|language=en-US}}</ref> |} ==Tagairtí== {{Reflist}} [[Catagóir:Teidil Image Comics]] [[Catagóir:Leabhair ghrinn le Mark Millar]] [[Catagóir:Túsanna leabhar grinn 2019]] [[Catagóir:Deirí leabhar grinn 2019]] [[Catagóir:Leabhair ghrinn faoi thaisteal ama]] [[Catagóir:Ficsean faoi NASA]] [[Catagóir:Taistealaithe ama]] 5ecsk28xhdrfp64a6t8cvgmxb46vjxw 0 127451 1323085 2026-08-06T20:41:30Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Ag athdhíriú go [[Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí]] 1323085 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí]] 73qtrwkx3meiv6t4sqk4g7somnq1cbd 0 127452 1323086 2026-08-06T20:41:41Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Ag athdhíriú go [[Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí]] 1323086 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí]] 73qtrwkx3meiv6t4sqk4g7somnq1cbd 0 127453 1323087 2026-08-06T20:41:49Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Ag athdhíriú go [[Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí]] 1323087 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí]] 73qtrwkx3meiv6t4sqk4g7somnq1cbd 0 127454 1323088 2026-08-06T20:42:01Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Ag athdhíriú go [[Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí]] 1323088 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí]] 73qtrwkx3meiv6t4sqk4g7somnq1cbd 0 127455 1323089 2026-08-06T20:42:15Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Ag athdhíriú go [[Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí]] 1323089 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Taistealaithe ama: Turraing na Todhchaí]] 73qtrwkx3meiv6t4sqk4g7somnq1cbd 14 127456 1323090 2026-08-06T20:42:31Z ~2026-43371-56 76192 Created blank page 1323090 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 127457 1323100 2026-08-06T20:48:38Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. 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[[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 14 127466 1323124 2026-08-06T21:05:29Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1323124 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127467 1323125 2026-08-06T21:05:40Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1323125 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127468 1323139 2026-08-06T21:13:21Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1323139 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127469 1323140 2026-08-06T21:13:28Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1323140 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127470 1323141 2026-08-06T21:13:34Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1323141 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127471 1323142 2026-08-06T21:14:16Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1323142 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127472 1323143 2026-08-06T21:14:23Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1323143 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127473 1323144 2026-08-06T21:15:32Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an ghéineas [[Aves|éin]] seo a chur leis an chatagóir seo.' 1323144 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an ghéineas [[Aves|éin]] seo a chur leis an chatagóir seo. 8c8uc4ktmeiwk40y2bjnonc2fxs3qwh 1323146 1323144 2026-08-06T21:18:22Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323146 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an ghéineas [[Aves|éin]] seo a chur leis an chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Coraciiformes]] [[Catagóir:Alcedinidae]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] kqz3cd5fh4662dba6zgifpswr49g8vr 1323280 1323146 2026-08-07T09:29:40Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 1323280 wikitext text/x-wiki Níor cheart ach ailt a bhaineann leis an ghéineas [[Aves|éin]] seo a chur leis an chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Cruidín]] [[Catagóir:Halcyoninae]] bt8xv1xbmgqaegop2d4kf0yjxvrkg0v 14 127474 1323145 2026-08-06T21:18:01Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Seo í an chatagóir do na speicis eindéimeacha a chuireann faoi san [[An Áise|Áise]]. [[Catagóir:Éin]]' 1323145 wikitext text/x-wiki Seo í an chatagóir do na speicis eindéimeacha a chuireann faoi san [[An Áise|Áise]]. [[Catagóir:Éin]] mhe38lpg7vem9ocwptt9bent8cgapey 14 127475 1323147 2026-08-06T21:21:45Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catcómhaoin|IUCN Red List least concern species|Liosta Dearg na speiceas beagnach faoi bhagairt de chuid an AICD}} {{Vicíghnéithe|Category:IUCN Least Concern species|Na speiceas beagnach faoi bhagairt de chuid an AICD}} {{clear}} [[Image:Status iucn3.1 NT.svg]] [[Catagóir:Speiceas de réir chatagóir Liosta Dearg IUCN|beagnach faoi bhagairt]] [[Catagóir:Speiceas beagnach faoi bhagairt]]' 1323147 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catcómhaoin|IUCN Red List least concern species|Liosta Dearg na speiceas beagnach faoi bhagairt de chuid an AICD}} {{Vicíghnéithe|Category:IUCN Least Concern species|Na speiceas beagnach faoi bhagairt de chuid an AICD}} {{clear}} [[Image:Status iucn3.1 NT.svg]] [[Catagóir:Speiceas de réir chatagóir Liosta Dearg IUCN|beagnach faoi bhagairt]] [[Catagóir:Speiceas beagnach faoi bhagairt]] h9ekbmu2sasyv86ofxbk7042txxfd2c 14 127476 1323154 2026-08-06T21:26:58Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1323154 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127477 1323155 2026-08-06T21:27:00Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1323155 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127478 1323156 2026-08-06T21:27:02Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1323156 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127479 1323157 2026-08-06T21:27:05Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1323157 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127480 1323162 2026-08-06T21:30:23Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]]' 1323162 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 14 127481 1323164 2026-08-06T21:31:00Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1323164 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127482 1323166 2026-08-06T21:32:35Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]]' 1323166 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 14 127483 1323174 2026-08-06T21:37:35Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1323174 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127484 1323175 2026-08-06T21:37:40Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1323175 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 0 127485 1323180 2026-08-07T00:19:01Z TGcoa 21229 Leathanach cruthaithe le 'I réimse an dlí, má dhéantar duine a ghabháil agus a chúiseamh i gcion, glactar leis go bhfuil an duine sin neamhchiontach go dtí go gcruthaítear ciontach é. Toisc go nglactar leis go bhfuil an duine neamhchiontach, is féidir an duine a scaoileadh saor ó choimeád go dtí dáta na cúirte má dhéanann an duine gealltanas i scríbhinn teacht os comhair cúirte. Tugtar '''bannaí''' ar na gcoinníollacha seo. Go hiondúil, scaoiltear duine "ar bhannaí...' 1323180 wikitext text/x-wiki I réimse an dlí, má dhéantar duine a ghabháil agus a chúiseamh i gcion, glactar leis go bhfuil an duine sin neamhchiontach go dtí go gcruthaítear ciontach é. Toisc go nglactar leis go bhfuil an duine neamhchiontach, is féidir an duine a scaoileadh saor ó choimeád go dtí dáta na cúirte má dhéanann an duine gealltanas i scríbhinn teacht os comhair cúirte. Tugtar '''bannaí''' ar na gcoinníollacha seo. Go hiondúil, scaoiltear duine "ar bhannaí faoi réir coinníollacha" agus airgead a thaisceadh.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.citizensinformation.ie/ga/justice/arrests/bail-and-surety/|teideal=Bannaí agus Urra|údar=Citizensinformation.ie|language=ga|work=www.citizensinformation.ie|dátarochtana=2026-08-07}}</ref> == Féach freisin == == Tagairtí == {{reflist}}{{síol}} [[Catagóir:Téarmaí dlí]] [[Catagóir:Tearmaíocht de réir teanga]] no7fqfwhvqu1qspqbkix5irj1y53qv6 1323186 1323180 2026-08-07T00:29:08Z TGcoa 21229 1323186 wikitext text/x-wiki I réimse an dlí, má dhéantar duine a ghabháil agus a chúiseamh i gcion, glactar leis go bhfuil an duine sin neamhchiontach go dtí go gcruthaítear ciontach é. Toisc go nglactar leis go bhfuil an duine neamhchiontach, is féidir an duine a scaoileadh saor ó choimeád go dtí dáta na cúirte má dhéanann an duine gealltanas i scríbhinn teacht os comhair cúirte. Tugtar '''bannaí''' ar na gcoinníollacha seo. Go hiondúil, scaoiltear duine "ar bhannaí faoi réir coinníollacha" agus airgead a thaisceadh.<ref>{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.citizensinformation.ie/ga/justice/arrests/bail-and-surety/|teideal=Bannaí agus Urra|údar=Citizensinformation.ie|language=ga|work=www.citizensinformation.ie|dátarochtana=2026-08-07}}</ref> == Féach freisin == * [[:Catagóir:Téarmaí dlí|Téarmaí dlí]] == Tagairtí == {{reflist}}{{síol}} [[Catagóir:Téarmaí dlí]] [[Catagóir:Tearmaíocht de réir teanga]] kwn2vkweuq2xr0z94b68qhqf5b02gt4 14 127486 1323182 2026-08-07T00:20:10Z TGcoa 21229 Bhog TGcoa an leathanach [[Catagóir:Tearmaíocht de réir teanga]] go [[Catagóir:Téarmaíocht de réir teanga]] 1323182 wikitext text/x-wiki #athsheoladh [[:Catagóir:Téarmaíocht de réir teanga]] mmbd4iiz0l1dy4kcfjccyy06k5javsl 14 127487 1323192 2026-08-07T06:32:25Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1323192 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127488 1323198 2026-08-07T06:37:47Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]]' 1323198 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 14 127489 1323210 2026-08-07T07:00:40Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1323210 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127490 1323215 2026-08-07T07:05:19Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1323215 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127491 1323217 2026-08-07T07:37:18Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]]' 1323217 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 14 127492 1323219 2026-08-07T07:38:36Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]]' 1323219 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 14 127493 1323245 2026-08-07T08:03:22Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1323245 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127494 1323251 2026-08-07T09:08:11Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]]' 1323251 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 14 127495 1323259 2026-08-07T09:12:44Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1323259 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz 14 127496 1323264 2026-08-07T09:18:06Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]]' 1323264 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 14 127497 1323273 2026-08-07T09:24:08Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]]' 1323273 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 18ú hAois]] 0ny4nojhs9utlxwg3evgtvpq2xxbf8w 14 127498 1323285 2026-08-07T09:34:55Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '[[Catagóir:Aves]]' 1323285 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Catagóir:Aves]] eor8534hup8w6hsjjzlani5skaps6df 14 127499 1323293 2026-08-07T10:04:00Z An Sionnach Rua 29036 Leathanach cruthaithe le '{{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]]' 1323293 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catagóir a rinneadh cur síos uirthi i mbliain}} Níor cheart ach ailt ar na [[Aves|héin]] agus na [[Fospeiceas|fospeicis]] is suntasaí a chur sa chatagóir seo. [[Catagóir:Tacsanomaíocht éin]] [[Catagóir:Éin a ndearnadh cur síos orthu sa 19ú hAois]] in5l5v5mum9phusk040osl8t7pefwvz