Ollscoil na Gaillimhe

<mediawiki xmlns="http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.11/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.11/ http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.11.xsd" version="0.11" xml:lang="ga">
  <siteinfo>
    <sitename>Vicipéid</sitename>
    <dbname>gawiki</dbname>
    <base>https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%ADomhleathanach</base>
    <generator>MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.21</generator>
    <case>first-letter</case>
    <namespaces>
      <namespace key="-2" case="first-letter">Meán</namespace>
      <namespace key="-1" case="first-letter">Speisialta</namespace>
      <namespace key="0" case="first-letter" />
      <namespace key="1" case="first-letter">Plé</namespace>
      <namespace key="2" case="first-letter">Úsáideoir</namespace>
      <namespace key="3" case="first-letter">Plé úsáideora</namespace>
      <namespace key="4" case="first-letter">Vicipéid</namespace>
      <namespace key="5" case="first-letter">Plé Vicipéide</namespace>
      <namespace key="6" case="first-letter">Íomhá</namespace>
      <namespace key="7" case="first-letter">Plé íomhá</namespace>
      <namespace key="8" case="first-letter">MediaWiki</namespace>
      <namespace key="9" case="first-letter">Plé MediaWiki</namespace>
      <namespace key="10" case="first-letter">Teimpléad</namespace>
      <namespace key="11" case="first-letter">Plé teimpléid</namespace>
      <namespace key="12" case="first-letter">Cabhair</namespace>
      <namespace key="13" case="first-letter">Plé cabhrach</namespace>
      <namespace key="14" case="first-letter">Catagóir</namespace>
      <namespace key="15" case="first-letter">Plé catagóire</namespace>
      <namespace key="710" case="first-letter">TimedText</namespace>
      <namespace key="711" case="first-letter">TimedText talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="828" case="first-letter">Module</namespace>
      <namespace key="829" case="first-letter">Module talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="1728" case="first-letter">Event</namespace>
      <namespace key="1729" case="first-letter">Event talk</namespace>
    </namespaces>
  </siteinfo>
  <page>
    <title>Ollscoil na Gaillimhe</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2756</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328827</id>
      <parentid>1328757</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-28T00:58:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>47196</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>1328827</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8344" sha1="nzc01th6098yfh0lozae0gma11azchf" xml:space="preserve">{{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta}}

Cuireadh '''Ollscoil na Gaillimhe''' ar bun sa bhliain [[1845]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.ollscoilnagaillimhe.ie/|teideal=Ollscoil na Gaillimhe - Ollscoil na Gaillimhe|work=www.ollscoilnagaillimhe.ie|dátarochtana=2024-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bhí os cionn 18,000 mic léinn ag freastal uirthi in 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.universityofgalway.ie/about-us/|teideal=About Us - University of Galway|dáta=2024-06-01|work=web.archive.org|dátarochtana=2024-06-26|archivedate=2024-06-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601020911/https://www.universityofgalway.ie/about-us/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://hea.ie/higher-education-institutions/national-university-of-ireland-galway/statistics/|teideal=University of Galway {{!}} Higher Education Institutions {{!}} Higher Education Authority|dáta=2023-09-21|work=web.archive.org|dátarochtana=2024-06-26|archivedate=2023-09-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230921151121/https://hea.ie/higher-education-institutions/national-university-of-ireland-galway/statistics/}}&lt;/ref&gt;   

Bhí Ollscoil na Gaillimhe rangaithe san 2% de ollscoileanna is fearr ar fud an domhain in 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=http://www.universityofgalway.ie/rankings/|teideal=Rankings - University of Galway|dáta=2024-01-13|work=web.archive.org|dátarochtana=2024-06-26|archivedate=2024-01-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113213546/http://www.universityofgalway.ie/rankings/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bhí Ollscoil na Gaillimhe ar cheann de na hollscoileanna is fearr in Éirinn maidir le hinfhostaitheacht céimithe in 2021. Bhí 96% de na mic léinn fochéime agus 94% de na mic léinn iarchéime ón Ollscoil seo fostaithe nó i mbun staidéar breise laistigh de 6 mhí tar éis a gcáilíocht a bheith bronnta orthu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.ollscoilnagaillimhe.ie/cursai/|teideal=Cúrsaí - Ollscoil na Gaillimhe|dáta=2024-02-24|work=web.archive.org|dátarochtana=2024-06-26|archivedate=2024-02-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240224013314/https://www.ollscoilnagaillimhe.ie/cursai/}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

[[Íomhá:Quadrangle, National University of Ireland, Galway.jpg|mion|clé|Cloigtheach na cearnóige]]
[[Íomhá:Uniwersytet w Galway, Irlandia.JPG|clé|mion]]
[[Íomhá:GALWAY UNIVERSITY CAMPUS.jpg|clé|mion]]
[[Íomhá:School of Computer Science, NUI, Galway.jpg|clé|mion|Ríomhaireacht]]
[[Íomhá:Armas Ollscoil na hÉireann Gaillimh.png|clé|mion|Armas na hOllscoile]]

== Stair na hOllscoile ==
D'oscail an ollscoil i 1849 faoin ainm 'Coláiste na Banríona, Gaillimh' mar cheann de thrí Choláiste na Banríona, maraon le [[Coláiste na hOllscoile, Corcaigh|Corcaigh]] agus [[Ollscoil na Banríona, Béal Feirste|Béal Feirste]]. De réir achta sa bhliain 1908, athainmníodh mar ''Coláiste na hOllscoile, Gaillimh'' í, agus í le bheith mar chuid de h[[Ollscoil na hÉireann]] in éineacht le Coláiste na hOllscoile Baile Átha Cliath agus Coláiste na hOllscoile Corcaigh. I 1991, athróidh a hainm go ''Ollscoil na hÉireann, Gaillimh'', agus d'athraigh a hainm arís i 2022, nuair a thugadh ''Ollscoil na Gaillimhe'' uirthi.  

Bhí an Dr Jim Browne ina uachtarán idir 2007-2017.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/ciaran-o-hogartaigh-ceaptha-ina-uachtaran-ar-oe-gaillimh-agus-e-ag-suil-le-filleadh-ar-a-chathair-dhuchais/|teideal=Ciarán Ó hÓgartaigh ceaptha ina Uachtarán ar ÓE, Gaillimh agus é ag súil le filleadh ar a ‘chathair dhúchais’|dáta=2017-09-04|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2024-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ba é An tOllamh [[Ciarán Ó hÓgartaigh]] uachtarán na hollscoile idir 2018-2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/uachtaran-ollscoil-na-gaillimhe-ag-eiri-as/|teideal=Uachtarán Ollscoil na Gaillimhe ag éirí as|dáta=2024-06-26|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2024-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt; D'éirigh sé as a phost ar an 26 Meitheamh 2024, roimh dheireadh a théarma deich mbliana.&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/uachtaran-ollscoil-na-gaillimhe-ag-eiri-as/|teideal=Uachtarán Ollscoil na Gaillimhe ag éirí as|dáta=2024-06-26|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2024-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

== Saol na hOllscoile ==

=== Forbairt ===
Tá an ollscoil suite gar do lár cathrach na [[Gaillimh]]e, agus mar go raibh a tailte ag leanúint ó thuaidh cois abhainn, bhí deis ag an ollscoil an-chuid tógála a dhéanamh in achar siúil cos don sean chearnóg.

=== Mic léinn ===
Is ceann de na cumainn is mó agus is sine é an [https://web.archive.org/web/20220112110152/https://www.cumannstaire.com/ Cumann Staire]. Eagraíonn an Cumann Staire ceann de na himeachtaí bliantúla is mó san ollscoil, an [[:en:Arts Bál]], a bhíonn ar siúl gach Feabhra. Freastalaíonn thart ar 1300 daoine ar an mbál. Eagraíonn an Cumann Staire an chomhdháil staire idirnáisiúnta bhliantúil [http://www.aistir.com Aistir] freisin. 

Léirigh an Cumann Drámaíochta ''[[Coinneáil Orainn]]'' ag an b[[An Phicnic Leictreach|Picnic Leictreach]] 2026.&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.meoneile.ie/cultur-agus-ealain/blaiseadh-de-phuball-gaeilge-na-picnice-leictri|teideal=Blaiseadh de Phuball Gaeilge na Picnice Leictrí|dáta=4 Meán Fómhair 2026|work=[[Meon Eile]]|dátarochtana=2026-09-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/clips/f7952400-3090-4f3e-9a46-b4b4012504e5/|teideal=Tús Áite: Drámaíocht ag an bPicnic Leictreach.|dáta=2026-08-28|work=[[Raidió na Gaeltachta]]|dátarochtana=2026-09-26}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== Gaeilge ===
Tá suíomh na hOllscoile, [https://www.ollscoilnagaillimhe.ie/ ollscoilnagaillimhe.ie],  le fáil i mBéarla amháin (seachas cúpla leathanach agus na teidil). Ach tugann lámhleabhair na hollscoile foirfiú na [[Gaeilge]] mar &quot;cheann de phríomhchuspóirí&quot; na hollscoile. &quot;Tá os cionn 90,000 céimí de chuid Ollscoil na Gaillimhe ann ar fud an domhain&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.ollscoilnagaillimhe.ie/oegaillimh/an-ghaeilge-san-ollscoil/|teideal=An Ghaeilge san Ollscoil - Ollscoil na Gaillimhe|work=www.ollscoilnagaillimhe.ie|dátarochtana=2024-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt; ach níl fonn orthu scríobh don [[An Vicipéid|Vicipéid]] is cosúil. 

Sna h[[1980idí|ochtóidí]], bhí aighneas ar siúl ag mic léinn áirithe, mar nach raibh cúrsaí áirithe [[tíreolaíocht]]a le fáil ach trí mheán na Gaeilge, cé nach raibh ach fíorbheagán de chúrsaí eile le fáil as Gaeilge. 

Bhain conspóid mhór le cinneadh Údarás Ollscoil na hÉireann, Gaillimh in 2016 deireadh a chur leis an riachtanas Gaeilge, a d’fhág go mbíodh líofacht sa Ghaeilge i gcónaí ag an uachtarán.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;  Bhí an riachtanas Gaeilge ina bhac ar dhaoine cur isteach ar an bpost, go háirithe iarrthóirí idirnáisiúnta. 

In 2026, bhí post an Leas-Uachtaráin agus Meabhránaí, an dara post is sinsearaí san ollscoil, fógartha ar shuíomh na hollscoile agus an Ghaeilge líofa luaite mar cháilíocht a bheadh “inmhianaithe” ag iarrthóirí seachas í a bheith riachtanach.&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/imni-faoi-stadas-na-teanga-in-ollscoil-na-gaillimhe-agus-post-mor-eile-fogartha-gan-riachtanas-gaeilge-2/|teideal=Imní faoi stádas na teanga in Ollscoil na Gaillimhe agus post mór eile fógartha gan riachtanas Gaeilge|údar=Maitiú Ó Coimín|dáta=11 Márta 2026|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2026-03-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Féach freisin ==
* [[Acadamh na hOllscolaíochta Gaeilge]]
* [[:Catagóir:Alumni Ollscoil na Gaillimhe]]
* [[Ciarán Ó hÓgartaigh]]
* ''[[Léann Teanga: An Reiviú]]''

== Naisc sheachtracha ==
* [http://www.oegaillimh.ie Ollscoil na hÉireann Gaillimh]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220112110152/https://www.cumannstaire.com/ Cumann Staire]
* [http://www.aistir.com Aistir] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20111003081415/http://www.aistir.com/ cartlann])
* Iris léanta na mac léinn iarchéime: [http://leannteangaanreiviu.com/ ''Léann Teanga: An Reiviú'']
* Nuachtán na mac léinn: [https://sin.ie/category/cainte/ SIN]

== Tagairtí ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ollscoil na hÉireann, Gaillimh}}
[[Catagóir:Ollscoil na Gaillimhe| ]]
[[Catagóir:Ollscoileanna in Éirinn]]
[[Catagóir:Scoileanna Leighis]]
[[Catagóir:Gaillimh]]
[[Catagóir:Bunaithe sa bhliain 1845]]
[[Catagóir:Bunaithe sna 1840í]]</text>
      <sha1>nzc01th6098yfh0lozae0gma11azchf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>27 Meán Fómhair</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6267</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328809</id>
      <parentid>1281319</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T20:17:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Conradder</username>
        <id>34685</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Tarluithe eile */</comment>
      <origin>1328809</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3945" sha1="88g2eej4ghtjb40fk3m38wok7k5yce1" xml:space="preserve">{{Meán Fómhair}}
Is é an '''27 Meán Fómhair''' an 270ú lá den bhliain de réir fhéilire Ghréagóra nó an 271ú lá i mbliain bhisigh. Tá 95 lá fágtha sa bhliain.

== Féilte ==
* [[Eaglais Chaitliceach Rómhánach]] - [[Naomh Uinseann de Pól]]

== Daoine a rugadh ar an lá seo ==
* [[1552]] — [[Pápa Pól V]], Pápa ó 1605 go 1621 (b. [[1621]])
* [[1601]] — [[Louis XIII na Fraince|Louis XIII]], rí na Fraince agus Navarre (b.[[1643]])
* [[1696]] — [[Alphonsus Liguori]], easpag Caitliceach Iodálach (b. [[1787]])
* [[1722]] — [[Samuel Adams]], státaire, polaiteoir, agus braicheadóir Meiriceánach (b. [[1803]])
* [[1818]] — [[Hermann Kolbe]], ceimiceoir Gearmánach (b. [[1884]])
* [[1918]] — [[Martin Ryle]], radairéalteolaí Sasanach (b. [[1984]])
* [[1929]] — [[Txillardegi]], scríbhneoir agus polaiteoir Spáinneach (b. [[2012]])
* [[1934]] — [[Wilford Brimley]], aisteoir Meiriceánach (b. [[2020]])
* [[1947]] — [[Meat Loaf (amhránaí)|Meat Loaf]], amhránaí agus aisteoir Meiriceánach (b. [[2022]])
* [[1952]] — [[Liam Aighleart]], polaiteoir Éireannach 
* [[1953]] — [[Diane Abbott]], polaiteoir de chuid Pháirtí an Lucht Oibre sa Ríocht Aontaithe
* [[1957]] — [[Kevin Rudd]], polaiteoir Astrálach
* [[1962]] — [[George Lee (Polaiteoir)|George Lee]], polaiteoir agus iriseoir
* [[1965]] — [[Steve Kerr]], cóitseálaí agus imreoir cispheile proifisiúnta Meiriceánach
* [[1967]] — [[Debi Derryberry]], guthaisteoir Meiriceánach
* [[1972]] — [[Gwyneth Paltrow]], ban-aisteoir Meiriceánach
* [[1973]] — [[Louise O'Reilly]], polaiteoir Éireannach
* [[1976]] — [[Francesco Totti]], imreoir sacair
* [[1978]] — [[Ani Lorak]], amhránaí Úcránach
* [[1978]] — [[John Paul Phelan]], polaiteoir Éireannach
* [[1980]] — [[Olivier Kapo]], imreoir sacair Francach
* [[1984]] — [[Avril Lavigne]], amhránaí agus aisteoir Ceanadach
* [[1986]] — [[Mikey North]], aisteoir Briotanach
* [[1991]] — [[Simona Halep]], imreoir leadóige Rómánach
* [[1992]] — [[Ryan O'Shaughnessy]], amhránaí Éireannach
* [[1993]] — [[Monica Puig]], imreoir leadóige Pórtó Ríceach

== Daoine a fuair bás ar an lá seo ==
* [[1590]] — [[Pápa Urban VII]] (r. [[1521]])
* [[1700]] — [[Pápa Innocentius XII]], Pápa ó 1691 go 1700 (r. [[1615]])
* [[1917]] — [[Edgar Degas]], péintéir Francach (r.[[1834]])
* [[1921]] — [[Engelbert Humperdinck]], cumadóir Gearmánach (r.[[1854]])
* [[1930]] — [[Domhnall Ó Conchubhair]], file Éireannach (r. [[1847]])
* [[1964]] — [[Michael Donnellan]], polaiteoir Éireannach (r. [[1900]])
* [[1965]] — [[Clara Bow]], ban-aisteoir Meiriceánach (r. [[1905]])
* [[1985]] — [[Lloyd Nolan]], aisteoir Meiriceánach (r. [[1902]])
* [[1986]] — [[Cliff Burton]], ceoltóir Meiriceánach (r. [[1962]])
* [[2012]] — [[Herbert Lom]], aisteoir, Herbert Karel Angelo Kuchačevič ze Schluderpacheru (r. [[1917]])
* [[2017]] — [[Hugh Hefner]], Fear gnó Meiriceánach (r. [[1926]])
* [[2020]] — [[Jaswant Singh]], polaiteoir Indiach (r. [[1938]])
* [[2023]] — [[Michael Gambon]], aisteoir (r. [[1940]])
* [[2024]] — [[Maggie Smith]], ban-aisteoir Sasanach (r. [[1934]])

== Tarluithe eile ==
* [[1066]] - [[Concas na Normannach ar Shasana]]: Thug [[Uilliam Concaire]] agus a arm a aghaidh ar Shasana
* [[1540]] - Ghlac [[Cumann Íosa]] (na hÍosánaigh) a gcairt ó [[Pápa Pól III|Phápa Pól III]]
* [[1937]] - Osclaíodh scoil traenála do [[Daidí na Nollag]] i [[Nua-Eabhrac (cathair)|Nua-Eabhrac]]
* [[1996]] - Ghabh [[An Talaban]] [[Kabul]]
* [[1998]] - Dúirt [[Google]] go cúlghabhálach gurbh é an dáta seo a mbreithlá
* [[2002]] - Báthadh 1,863 duine sa t[[An tSeineagáil|Seineagáil]] nuair a d'iompaigh an bád farantóireachta MV Le Joola ar a béal faoi
* [[2003]] - Lainseáladh an tsatailít [[Smart 1]]
&lt;!-- idirvicí --&gt;

[[Catagóir:Dátaí|0927]]
[[Catagóir:Míonna|Meán Fómhair, 27]]</text>
      <sha1>88g2eej4ghtjb40fk3m38wok7k5yce1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>28 Meán Fómhair</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6268</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328837</id>
      <parentid>1281404</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-28T09:22:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Conradder</username>
        <id>34685</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Daoine a rugadh ar an lá seo */</comment>
      <origin>1328837</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4986" sha1="o95wkp13y0026xd9rilg8qztaov57q1" xml:space="preserve">{{Meán Fómhair}}
Is é an '''28 Meán Fómhair''' an 271ú lá den bhliain de réir fhéilire Ghréagóra nó an 272ú lá i mbliain bhisigh. Tá 94 lá fágtha sa bhliain.

== Féilte ==
* [[Poblacht na Seice]] - ''Den české státnosti''

== Daoine a rugadh ar an lá seo ==
* [[551 RC]] — [[Confúicias]], smaointeoir agus fealsamh Síneach (b.[[479 RC]])
* [[1735]] — [[Augustus FitzRoy, 3ú Diúc Grafton]], uasal Briotanach (b. [[1811]])
* [[1803]] — [[Prosper Mérimée]], drámadóir, prós-scríbhneoir, agus seandálaí Francach (b. [[1870]])
* [[1841]] — [[Georges Clemenceau]], iriseoir agus státaire (b.[[1929]])
* [[1889]] — [[Seán Céitinn]], péintéir Éireannach (b. [[1977]])
* [[1901]] — [[Ed Sullivan]], láithreoir teilifíse Meiriceánach (b. [[1974]])
* [[1905]] — [[Max Schmeling]], dornálaí Gearmánach (b. [[2005]])
* [[1914]] — [[Jack LaLanne]], iar-aisteoir, teagascóir corpacmhainne, agus pearsa theilifíse Meiriceánach (b. [[2011]])
* [[1916]] — [[Arthur Cockfield, Barún Cockfield]], polaiteoir Briotanach (b. [[2007]])
* [[1923]] — [[Liam Budhlaeir]], craoltóir agus iriseoir Éireannach (b. [[1995]])
* [[1924]] — [[Marcello Mastroianni]], aisteoir Iodálach (b. [[2006]])
* [[1926]] — [[Miles Davis]], trumpadóir snagcheoil (b.[[1991]])
* [[1934]] — [[Brigitte Bardot]], aisteoir agus mainicín (b. [[2025]])
* [[1938]] — [[Ben E. King]], ceoltóir Meiriceánach (b. [[2015]])
* [[1944]] — [[Miloš Zeman]], Uachtarán Phoblacht na Seice ó 2013 go 2023
* [[1954]] — [[Margot Wallström]], polaiteoir Sualannach
* [[1957]] — [[Bill Cassidy]],  seanadóir Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá
* [[1964]] — [[Máirtín Ó Stoirín]], iománaí Éireannach
* [[1968]] — [[Mika Häkkinen]], tiománaí carr rásaíochta Fionlannach
* [[1968]] — [[Naomi Watts]], aisteoir Sasanach
* [[1971]] — [[George Eustice]], polaiteoir Briotanach
* [[1972]] — [[Brian Walsh]], polaiteoir Éireannach
* [[1978]] — [[Pastora Soler]], amhránaí Spáinneach
* [[1987]] — [[Gary Deegan]], imreoir sacair
* [[1987]] — [[James O'Brien (peileadóir)|James O'Brien]], peileadóir Éireannach
* [[1987]] — [[Terence Crawford]], dornálaí Meiriceánach
* [[1988]] — [[Marin Čilić]], imreoir leadóige Crótach
* [[1994]] — [[Shane Ó Carthaigh]], imreoir peil Ghaelach
* [[1995]] — [[Peter Bothwell]], imreoir leadóige
* [[2001]] — [[Olivia Neill]], tionchaire as Béal Feriste

== Daoine a fuair bás ar an lá seo ==
* [[48 RC]] — [[Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus|Pompey]], ceannaire míleata agus polaitiúil de chuid na Poblachta Rómhánaí (r.[[106 RC]])
* [[1330]] — [[Éilis na Boihéime]], banríon Sheiceach (r. [[1292]])
* [[1891]] — [[Herman Melville]], 72, úrscéalaí (r.[[1819]])
* [[1895]] — [[Louis Pasteur]], ceimiceoir agus micribhitheolaí (r.[[1822]])
* [[1908]] — [[Mícheál Breathnach]], scríbhneoir Éireannach (r. [[1881]])
* [[1943]] — [[Moya Llewelyn Davies]], aistritheoir agus Fínín Éireannach (r. [[1881]])
* [[1953]] — [[Edwin Hubble]], 63, réalteolaí (r.[[1889]])
* [[1964]] — [[Harpo Marx]], aisteoir agus fuirseoir (r.[[1888]])
* [[1966]] — [[André Breton]], scríbhneoir Francach (r. [[1896]])
* [[1970]] — [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]], an dara uachtarán na hÉigipte (r. [[1918]])
* [[1978]] — [[Pápa Eoin Pól I]] (r.[[1912]])
* [[1989]] — [[Ferdinand Marcos]], Uachtarán na nOileán Filipíneach ó 1965 go 1986 (r. [[1917]])
* [[2001]] — [[Martin O'Hagan]], iriseoir iniúchach Éireannach (r. [[1960]])
* [[2003]] — [[Proinsias Mac Aonghusa]], scríbhneoir agus gníomhaí Éireannach (r. [[1933]])
* [[2012]] — [[Larry Cunningham]], amhránaí ceol tíre Éireannach (r. [[1938]])
* [[2016]] — [[Shimon Peres]], polaiteoir Iosraelach (r. [[1923]])
* [[2022]] — [[Coolio]], rapálaí agus aisteoir Meiriceánach (r. [[1963]])
* [[2023]] — [[Dianne Feinstein]], seanadóir Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá (r. [[1933]])
* [[2024]] — [[Kris Kristofferson]], amhránaí agus aisteoir Meiriceánach (r. [[1936]])

== Tarluithe eile ==
* [[235]] - D'éirigh [[Pápa Pontian]] as an phost. 
* [[1066]] - [[Concas na Normannach ar Shasana]]: Tháinig [[Uilliam Concaire]] i [[Sasana]]
* [[1865]] - Chríochnaigh an chéad bandhochtúir i [[Sasana]] a céim ón scoil [[leigheas|leighis]]
* [[1894]] - D'oscail an chéad siopa [[Marks &amp; Spencers]] i [[Manchain]]
* [[1912]] - Shínigh 500,000 [[Aontachtóirí na hÉireann|Aontachtaithe]] an [[Cúnant Uladh]]
* [[1928]] - Fuair [[Alexander Fleming]] [[peinicillin]] amach
* [[1912]] - Shínigh Aontachtaithe Uladh an [[Conradh agus Cúnant Sollúnta Uladh|Conradh agus an Cúnant Sollúnta]], ag fógairt go gcuirfidís i gcoinne [[Rialtas Dúchais|Rialtais Dúchais]]
* [[1994]] - Báthadh beagnach 900 duine nuair a chuaigh an bád farantóireachta [[MS Estonia|''Estonia'']] go tóin poill i [[An Mhuir Bhailt|Muir Bhailt]]

[[Catagóir:Dátaí|0928]]
[[Catagóir:Míonna|Meán Fómhair, 28]]</text>
      <sha1>o95wkp13y0026xd9rilg8qztaov57q1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1328838</id>
      <parentid>1328837</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-28T10:15:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Conradder</username>
        <id>34685</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Tarluithe eile */</comment>
      <origin>1328838</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5849" sha1="pqm8zyyc8lk5273bxyav20ghu8a6ios" xml:space="preserve">{{Meán Fómhair}}
Is é an '''28 Meán Fómhair''' an 271ú lá den bhliain de réir fhéilire Ghréagóra nó an 272ú lá i mbliain bhisigh. Tá 94 lá fágtha sa bhliain.

== Féilte ==
* [[Poblacht na Seice]] - ''Den české státnosti''

== Daoine a rugadh ar an lá seo ==
* [[551 RC]] — [[Confúicias]], smaointeoir agus fealsamh Síneach (b.[[479 RC]])
* [[1735]] — [[Augustus FitzRoy, 3ú Diúc Grafton]], uasal Briotanach (b. [[1811]])
* [[1803]] — [[Prosper Mérimée]], drámadóir, prós-scríbhneoir, agus seandálaí Francach (b. [[1870]])
* [[1841]] — [[Georges Clemenceau]], iriseoir agus státaire (b.[[1929]])
* [[1889]] — [[Seán Céitinn]], péintéir Éireannach (b. [[1977]])
* [[1901]] — [[Ed Sullivan]], láithreoir teilifíse Meiriceánach (b. [[1974]])
* [[1905]] — [[Max Schmeling]], dornálaí Gearmánach (b. [[2005]])
* [[1914]] — [[Jack LaLanne]], iar-aisteoir, teagascóir corpacmhainne, agus pearsa theilifíse Meiriceánach (b. [[2011]])
* [[1916]] — [[Arthur Cockfield, Barún Cockfield]], polaiteoir Briotanach (b. [[2007]])
* [[1923]] — [[Liam Budhlaeir]], craoltóir agus iriseoir Éireannach (b. [[1995]])
* [[1924]] — [[Marcello Mastroianni]], aisteoir Iodálach (b. [[2006]])
* [[1926]] — [[Miles Davis]], trumpadóir snagcheoil (b.[[1991]])
* [[1934]] — [[Brigitte Bardot]], aisteoir agus mainicín (b. [[2025]])
* [[1938]] — [[Ben E. King]], ceoltóir Meiriceánach (b. [[2015]])
* [[1944]] — [[Miloš Zeman]], Uachtarán Phoblacht na Seice ó 2013 go 2023
* [[1954]] — [[Margot Wallström]], polaiteoir Sualannach
* [[1957]] — [[Bill Cassidy]],  seanadóir Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá
* [[1964]] — [[Máirtín Ó Stoirín]], iománaí Éireannach
* [[1968]] — [[Mika Häkkinen]], tiománaí carr rásaíochta Fionlannach
* [[1968]] — [[Naomi Watts]], aisteoir Sasanach
* [[1971]] — [[George Eustice]], polaiteoir Briotanach
* [[1972]] — [[Brian Walsh]], polaiteoir Éireannach
* [[1978]] — [[Pastora Soler]], amhránaí Spáinneach
* [[1987]] — [[Gary Deegan]], imreoir sacair
* [[1987]] — [[James O'Brien (peileadóir)|James O'Brien]], peileadóir Éireannach
* [[1987]] — [[Terence Crawford]], dornálaí Meiriceánach
* [[1988]] — [[Marin Čilić]], imreoir leadóige Crótach
* [[1994]] — [[Shane Ó Carthaigh]], imreoir peil Ghaelach
* [[1995]] — [[Peter Bothwell]], imreoir leadóige
* [[2001]] — [[Olivia Neill]], tionchaire as Béal Feriste

== Daoine a fuair bás ar an lá seo ==
* [[48 RC]] — [[Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus|Pompey]], ceannaire míleata agus polaitiúil de chuid na Poblachta Rómhánaí (r.[[106 RC]])
* [[1330]] — [[Éilis na Boihéime]], banríon Sheiceach (r. [[1292]])
* [[1891]] — [[Herman Melville]], 72, úrscéalaí (r.[[1819]])
* [[1895]] — [[Louis Pasteur]], ceimiceoir agus micribhitheolaí (r.[[1822]])
* [[1908]] — [[Mícheál Breathnach]], scríbhneoir Éireannach (r. [[1881]])
* [[1943]] — [[Moya Llewelyn Davies]], aistritheoir agus Fínín Éireannach (r. [[1881]])
* [[1953]] — [[Edwin Hubble]], 63, réalteolaí (r.[[1889]])
* [[1964]] — [[Harpo Marx]], aisteoir agus fuirseoir (r.[[1888]])
* [[1966]] — [[André Breton]], scríbhneoir Francach (r. [[1896]])
* [[1970]] — [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]], an dara uachtarán na hÉigipte (r. [[1918]])
* [[1978]] — [[Pápa Eoin Pól I]] (r.[[1912]])
* [[1989]] — [[Ferdinand Marcos]], Uachtarán na nOileán Filipíneach ó 1965 go 1986 (r. [[1917]])
* [[2001]] — [[Martin O'Hagan]], iriseoir iniúchach Éireannach (r. [[1960]])
* [[2003]] — [[Proinsias Mac Aonghusa]], scríbhneoir agus gníomhaí Éireannach (r. [[1933]])
* [[2012]] — [[Larry Cunningham]], amhránaí ceol tíre Éireannach (r. [[1938]])
* [[2016]] — [[Shimon Peres]], polaiteoir Iosraelach (r. [[1923]])
* [[2022]] — [[Coolio]], rapálaí agus aisteoir Meiriceánach (r. [[1963]])
* [[2023]] — [[Dianne Feinstein]], seanadóir Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá (r. [[1933]])
* [[2024]] — [[Kris Kristofferson]], amhránaí agus aisteoir Meiriceánach (r. [[1936]])

== Tarluithe eile ==
* [[235]] - D'éirigh [[Pápa Pontian]] as an phost. 
* [[1066]] - [[Concas na Normannach ar Shasana]]: Tháinig [[Uilliam Concaire]] i [[Sasana]]
* [[1865]] - Chríochnaigh an chéad bandhochtúir i [[Sasana]] a céim ón scoil [[leigheas|leighis]]
* [[1867]] - Rinneadh [[Toronto]] ina phríomhchathair d'[[Ontario]]
* [[1889]] - Rinneadh cur síos ar fhad [[Méadar|an mhéadair]]
* [[1894]] - D'oscail an chéad siopa [[Marks &amp; Spencers]] i [[Manchain]]
* [[1912]] - Shínigh 500,000 [[Aontachtóirí na hÉireann|Aontachtaithe]] an [[Cúnant Uladh]]
* [[1912]] - Shínigh Aontachtaithe Uladh an [[Conradh agus Cúnant Sollúnta Uladh|Conradh agus an Cúnant Sollúnta]], ag fógairt go gcuirfidís i gcoinne [[Rialtas Dúchais|Rialtais Dúchais]]
* [[1928]] - Fuair [[Alexander Fleming]] [[peinicillin]] amach
* [[1939]] - [[Dara Cogadh Domhanda]]: d'aontaigh [[An tAontas Sóivéadach]] agus [[An Ghearmáin Naitsíoch]] ar dheighilt [[an Pholainn|na Polainne]]
* [[1970]] - Fuair Uachtarán na hÉigipte, [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]], bás de bharr taom croí
* [[1994]] - Báthadh beagnach 900 duine nuair a chuaigh an bád farantóireachta [[MS Estonia|''Estonia'']] go tóin poill i [[An Mhuir Bhailt|Muir Bhailt]]
* [[1995]] - Shínigh [[Yitzhak Rabin]] agus [[Iasar Arafat]] comhaontú eatramhach faoi [[an Bruach Thiar|an Bhruach Thiar]] agus [[Stráice Gaza]]
* [[2000]] - Thug [[Ariel Sharon]] cuairt ar Mhosc ''al-Aqṣā'', nó [[Cnoc an Teampaill (Iarúsailéim)|Cnoc an Teampaill]] a thug [[na Giúdaigh]] air, go gríosaitheach
* [[2008]] - Bhuaigh [[Fernando Alonso]] an [[Grand Prix Shingeapór, 2008|chéad rás oíche]] de chuid [[Foirmle a hAon]] go conspóideach, i [[Singeapór]] 

[[Catagóir:Dátaí|0928]]
[[Catagóir:Míonna|Meán Fómhair, 28]]</text>
      <sha1>pqm8zyyc8lk5273bxyav20ghu8a6ios</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Foireann sacair náisiúnta Phoblacht na hÉireann</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6558</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328800</id>
      <parentid>1314305</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T13:39:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>LzerLive</username>
        <id>66246</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1328800</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15999" sha1="56fsx6ksbvxpjxgoaoro2gy2pgpo0cu" xml:space="preserve">{{Foireann pheile náisiúnta bosca eolais
|Ainm = Poblacht na hÉireann
|Suaitheantas = Republic_of_Ireland_national_football_team_crest.svg
|Leasainm = ''Na Buachaillí i nGlas'' ''(The Boys in Green)''
| pattern_la1        = _ire26h
| pattern_b1         = _ire26h
| pattern_ra1        = _ire26h
| pattern_sh1        = _ire26h
| pattern_so1        = _ire26hl
| leftarm1           = 005f31
| body1              = 005f31
| rightarm1          = 005f31
| shorts1            = 005f31
| socks1             = 005f31
| pattern_la2        =
| pattern_b2         =_ire26a
| pattern_ra2        =
| pattern_sh2        =_ire26a
| pattern_so2        =_ire26al
| leftarm2           = FFFFFF
| body2              = FFFFFF
| rightarm2          = FFFFFF
| shorts2            = 001f4e
| socks2             = FFFFFF
|Cumann = [[Cumann Peile na hÉireann|FAI]]
|Cónaidhm = [[UEFA]]
|Traenálaí = {{bratach|Iceland}} [[Heimir Hallgrímsson]]
|Most caps = [[Robbie Keane]] (146)
|Ardaimsitheoir = [[Robbie Keane]] (68)
|FIFA code = IRL
|Staid = [[Staidiam Aviva]]
|Rangú FIFA = 55ú
|Céad chluiche = {{bratach|Ireland}} Éire 1 - 0 An Bhulgáir {{bratach|Bulgaria}}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Colombes, [[An Fhrainc]]; [[28 Bealtaine]] [[1924]]&lt;/small&gt;
|Bua is mó = {{bratach|Ireland}} Éire 8 - 0 Málta {{bratach|Malta}}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;[[Baile Átha Cliath]], [[Poblacht na hÉireann|Éire]]; [[16 Samhain]] [[1983]]&lt;/small&gt;
|Cailleadh is mó = {{bratach|Brazil}} An Bhrasaíl 7 - 0 Éire {{bratach|Ireland}}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Uberlândia, [[An Bhrasaíl]]; [[27 Bealtaine]] [[1982]]&lt;/small&gt;
|World cup apps = 3
|World cup first = [[1990]]
|World cup best = Ceathrú ceannais, [[1990]]
|Regional name = Craobh na hEorpa
|Regional cup apps = 3
|Regional cup first = [[1988]]
|Regional cup best = Babhta le 16, [[UEFA Euro 2016|2016]]
}}
Is í '''foireann peile náisiúnta Phoblacht na hÉireann''' a dhéanann ionadaíocht do Phoblacht na hÉireann i gcomórtais sacair. Tá an fhoireann náisiúnta faoi stiúir [[Cumann Peile na hÉireann]] agus imrítear a gcluichí baile sa [[Staidiam Aviva]] i m[[Baile Átha Cliath]].  

Cháiligh an fhoireann dá gcéad mhórchomórtas sa bhliain [[1988]] nuair a shroicheadar Craobh na hEorpa sa [[An Ghearmáin|Ghearmáin]]. Bhí bua cáiliúil acu in aghaidh [[foireann sacair náisiúnta Shasana|Shasana]] sa chomórtas seo, agus rinneadh laochra de na peileadóirí mar thoradh. Cháiligh siad do Chraobh na hEorpa arís sa bhliain [[UEFA Euro 2012|2012]] agus [[UEFA Euro 2016|2016]] agus do [[Corn Sacair an Domhain|Chorn Sacair an Domhain]] sna blianta [[1990]], [[1994]] agus [[2002]].

== Staid ==
Imríonn an fhoireann ag imirt a gcluichí baile sa [[Staidiam Aviva]], áis a roinneann siad le [[Foireann rugbaí náisiúnta na hÉireann|foireann rugbaí na hÉireann]]. Roimhe sin, d'imir an dá fhoireann i b[[Páirc an Chrócaigh]] mar shocrú sealadach, fad agus a bhí athfhorbairt á dhéanamh ar pháirc [[Bóthar Lansdún|Bhóthar Lansdún]] i m[[Baile Átha Cliath]], mar a thugaí air. 

Is é Staidiam Aviva ceanncheathrú an [[IRFU]] chomh maith, eagraíocht stiúrtha [[rugbaí]] in Éirinn. D'imir an fhoireann sacair a chéad chluiche sa staid seo i gcoinne [[an Iodáil|na hIodáile]] sa bhliain [[1971]]. Roimhe seo, bhíodh cluichí á imirt b[[Páirc Cnocán Uí Dhálaigh]].
[[Íomhá:Troy_Parrott.png|clé|mion|312x312px|Fuair [[Troy Parrott]] cúig chúl in dhá chluiche, Samhain 2025, [[Corn FIFA an Domhain 2026 - Grúpa Cáilithe F de chuid UEFA]]]]

== Eagraíocht ==
Ba tuairim leath bealaigh trí ré bainistíochta [[Jack Charlton]] (1986-1996) a shroich foireann sacair na hÉireann an runga ab airde ariamh acu ar dhréimire fiúntais FIFA – an séú háit i 1993.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/ariamh-le-mo-chuimhne-ni-fhaca-me-pobal-an-tsacair-sa-tir-seo-chomh-diomach-faoin-bhfoireann-naisiunta/|teideal=Ariamh le mo chuimhne ní fhaca mé pobal an tsacair sa tír seo chomh díomách faoin bhfoireann náisiúnta|údar=Mártan Ó Ciardha|dáta=14 Meán Fómhair 2025|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2025-11-17}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ón am ar chríochnaigh ré órga Charlton go dtáinig deireadh le réimeas Martin O’Neill in 2018, ba i measc an scór nó tríocha foireann ar bharr an tábla a bhíodh Éire. Ach in 2025, sa 62ú háit ar domhan a bhí Éire.&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/aisling-na-heireann-beo-ar-eigean-agus-ronaldo-agus-a-chairde-i-mbaile-atha-cliath/|teideal=Aisling na hÉireann beo ar éigean agus Ronaldo agus a chairde i mBaile Átha Cliath|dáta=2025-11-13|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2025-11-17}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Is iad Stephen Kenny agus Heimir Hallgrímsson na bainisteoirí is deireanaí i gceannas – go dtí seo d’imir a gcuid foirne i 38 cluiche i gcomórtais de chuid UEFA/FIFA. Naoi gcinn acu sin a bhuadar.

Baineann cuid den mheath leis an gcaoi a bhfuil leagan amach an tsacair athraithe ó bhonn ó aimsir Jack Mór. Tá baint nach beag ag an rath atá tagtha ar [[Príomhroinn Shasana|Premiership Shasana]] ó bunaíodh sin i 1992 leis an scéal.

Sa lá atá inniu ann is é an Premier League an tsraith is saibhre agus is tarraingtí ar domhan. Seachtar Éireannach a bhí ina measc in 2025 – díobh siúd ag Nathan Collins agus ag Caoimhín Kelleher amháin atá áiteanna buana ar fhoirne a gclubanna.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Cuir sin i gcomparáid leis an am a raibh foirne na hÉireann ar thús cadhnaíochta. Imreoirí Príomhroinne ar fad (Sasana/Albain) a bhí ar an bpáirc ag Charlton sa mbua ar an Iodáil i gCorn an Domhain 1994. Deich mbliana fichead roimhe b’amhlaidh, nach mór, a bhí ar Pháirc Chnocán Uí Dhálaigh nuair a bhuaigh Johnny Giles agus a chomrádaithe ar fhoireann de chuid na Spáinne a raibh a gcuid peileadóirí ag imirt do chlubanna móra na tíre sin, Bilbao, Athletico Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia agus  Zaragossa.

Bhí ceathrar as Manchester United a bhuaigh Sraith 1 an tséasúir sin ag Éirinn – Pat Dunne, Shay Brennan, Tony Dunne agus Noel Cantwell, mar aon le Giles (Leeds Utd), Andy McEvoy agus Mick McGrath (Blackburn) – ba é McEvoy príomhscórálaí Shraith Roinn 1 an séasúr sin. Le Bristol Rovers a bhí Joe Haverty ag imirt, formhór a shaoil caite aige le Arsenal, áit a ndeachaigh sé agus gan é ach 18 bliain.

Gheobhadh ceachtar den bheirt as [[Sraith na hÉireann]] a bhí ar an bhfoireann áit ar fhoirne móra an lae i Sasana. Go deimhin chaith Frank O’Neill ([[Shamrock Rovers Football Club|Ruagairí na Seamróige]]) cúpla bliain ansin le Arsenal gur fhill sé abhaile agus bhí Jackie Hennessy ([[Shelbourne Football Club|Shelbourne]]) chomh hábalta céanna.

Fágann an [[Breatimeacht]] agus rialacha na hEorpa faoi chosaint leanaí nach ceadaithe d’imreoirí maithe óga na tíre seo an cosán a ghlac seisean a shiúl anois – bhí Nathan Collins ar an duine deireanach a rinne sin in 2016.

Deir Fenlon nach mór go mbeadh plúr na bpeileadóirí ag traenáil go lánaimseartha ó bhíonn siad 16 bliain. Níl deis anois acu dul thar lear le sin a dhéanamh agus bíonn siad taobh le clubanna na tíre seo. Ar ndóigh níl bealach faoi spéir go mbeidís siúd in acmhainn a leithéid a sheasamh.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Stair chomórtais ==

=== Corn Sacair an Domhain ===
''[[Poblacht na hÉireann ag Corn Sacair an Domhain]]''
* [[1930]] - ''Níor ghlac siad páirt ''
* [[1934]] go [[1986]] - ''Níor cháiligh siad''
* [[1990]] - Cluiche ceathrúcheannais
* [[1994]] - Babhta 2
* [[1998]] - ''Níor cháiligh siad''
* [[2002]] - Babhta 2
* [[Corn FIFA an Domhain 2006|2006]] go [[Corn FIFA an Domhain 2026|2026]] - ''Níor cháiligh siad''

=== Craobh na hEorpa ===
* [[1960]] go [[Craobh Peile na hEorpa, 1984|1984]] - ''Níor cháiligh siad''
* [[1988]] - Babhta 1
* [[1992]] go [[2008]] - ''Níor cháiligh siad''
* [[UEFA Euro 2012|2012]] - Babhta 1
* [[UEFA Euro 2016|2016]] - Babhta le 16
* [[UEFA Euro 2020|2020]] go [[UEFA Euro 2024|2024]] - ''Níor cháiligh siad''

== Bainisteoirí ==
* [[Heimir Hallgrímsson]] ([[2024]]-)
* [[Stephen Kenny]] ([[2020]]-[[2023]])
* [[Martin O'Neill]] ([[2013]]-[[2018]])
* [[Giovanni Trapattoni]] ([[2008]]-[[2013]])
* [[Steve Staunton]] ([[2006]]-[[2007]])
* [[Brian Kerr]] ([[2003]]-[[2005]])
* [[Mick McCarthy]] ([[1996]]-[[2002]]) agus ([[2018]]-[[2020]])
* [[Jack Charlton]] ([[1986]]-[[1995]])
* [[Eoin Hand]] ([[1980]]-[[1985]])
* [[Alan Kelly]] ([[1980]])
* [[John Giles]] ([[1973]]-[[1980]])
* [[Seán Thomas]] ([[1973]])
* [[Liam Tuohy]] ([[1971]]-[[1973]])
* [[Mick Meagan]] ([[1969]]-[[1971]])

== Scórálaithe is fearr ==
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Uimhir
! Ainm
! Ós rud é
! Cúl
! Caipín
|- align=
|1.
|align=left| [[Robbie Keane]]
|1998–2016
|'''68'''
|146
|-
|2.
|align=left| [[Niall Quinn]]
|1986–2002
|'''21'''
|91
|-
|3.
|align=left| [[Frank Stapleton]]
|1977–1990
|'''20'''
|71
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|4.
|align=left| [[Don Givens]]
|1969–1981
|'''19'''
|56
|-
|align=left| [[John Aldridge]]
|1986–1997
|'''19'''
|69
|-
|align=left| [[Tony Cascarino]]
|1985–2000
|'''19'''
|88
|-
|7.
|align=&quot;left&quot;| [[Shane Long]]
|2007–2021
|'''17'''
|88
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|8.
|align=left| [[Noel Cantwell]]
|1953–1967
|'''14'''
|36
|-
|align=left| [[Jonathan Walters]]
|2010–2018
|'''14'''
|54
|-
|align=left| [[Kevin Doyle]]
|2006–2017
|'''14'''
|63
|}

== Iar-imreoirí cáiliúla ==
{|
|- style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;
|
* [[Roy Keane]]
* [[Denis Irwin]]
* [[Paul McGrath]]
* [[John Giles]]
* [[David O'Leary]]
* [[John Aldridge]]
* [[Liam Brady]]
* [[Ronnie Whelan]]
* [[Kevin Moran (peileadóir)|Kevin Moran]]
* [[Frank Stapleton]]
|
|
* [[Steve Staunton]]
* [[Niall Quinn]]
* [[Ray Houghton]]
* [[Eamon Dunphy]]
* [[Mick McCarthy]]
* [[Packie Bonner]]
* [[Tony Cascarino]]
* [[Andy Townsend]]
* [[Gary Kelly]]
* [[Don Givens]]
|
|
* [[Mark Lawrenson]]
* [[Chris Hughton]]
* [[Kevin Sheedy]]
* [[Terry Phelan]]
* [[Phil Babb]]
* [[Jason McAteer]]
* [[Tony Galvin]]
* [[Eoin Hand]]
* [[Steve Heighway]]
* [[Matt Holland]]
|
|
* [[Alan Kelly|Alan Kelly Sr.]]
* [[Alan Kelly Jr.]]
* [[Mark Kinsella]]
* [[Jim Beglin]]
* [[Tommy Coyne]]
* [[Kenny Cunningham]]
* [[David Kelly]]
* [[Alan Kernaghan]]
* [[Alan McLoughlin]]
* [[John Sheridan]]
* [[Shay Given]] 
|}

== Scuaid faoi láthair ==
{|
|- style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;
|
;Scuad le haghaidh na cluichí in aghaidh [[An tSeic]] agus [[Catar]] nó [[Ceanada]] ar an 28ú de Bealtaine agus an 6ú de mí Meitheamh 2026.:

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:bottom; text-align: center; font-size:80%; width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;font-weight:bold; text-align:center; background-color:#109240; color:#FFF;&quot;
!style=&quot;background:#109240;color:#FFF&quot;| #
!style=&quot;background:#109240;color:#FFF&quot;| Ainm
!style=&quot;background:#109240;color:#FFF&quot;| Ionad
!style=&quot;background:#109240;color:#FFF&quot;| Dáta Breithe (aois)
!style=&quot;background:#109240;color:#FFF&quot;| Club
!style=&quot;background:#109240;color:#FFF&quot;| Caipín
!style=&quot;background:#109240;color:#FFF&quot;| Cúl
|- style=&quot;font-weight:bold; text-align:center; background-color:#109240; color:#FFF;&quot;
| colspan=&quot;7&quot; | Cúil Bháire
|-
| 1
| [[Caoimhín Kelleher]]
| CB
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|1998|11|28|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Brentford Football Club|Brentford]]
| 33
| 0
|-
| 16
| [[Max O'Leary]]
| CB
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|1996|10|10|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[West Bromwich Albion Football Club|West Brom]]
| 2
| 0
|- style=&quot;font-weight:bold; text-align:center; background-color:#109240; color:#FFF;&quot;
| colspan=&quot;7&quot; | Cosantóirí
|-
| 2
| [[James Abankwah]]
| C
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2004|1|16|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of Italy.svg|20px]] [[Udinese]]
| 5
| 0
|-
| 3
| [[Liam Scales]]
| C
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|1998|8|8|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of Scotland.svg|20px]] [[Celtic F.C.|Celtic]]
| 17
| 1
|-
| 4
| [[Dara O'Shea]]  &lt;br&gt; ''([[Captaen|Leaschaptaen]])''
| C
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|1999|3|4|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Ipswich Town Football Club|Ipswich Town]]
| 46
| 0
|-
| 5
| [[Jake O'Brien]]
| C
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2001|5|15|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Everton Football Club|Everton]]
| 18
| 0
|-
| 12
| [[Liam Kitching]]
| C
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|1999|9|25|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Sheffield United Football Club|Sheffield United]]
| 0
| 0
|-
| 13
| [[Joel Bagan]]
| C
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2001|9|3|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of Wales.svg|20px]] [[Cardiff City Football Club|Cardiff City]]
| 0
| 0
|-
| 15
| [[John Egan]]
| C
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|1992|10|20|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Hull City Football Club|Hull City]]
| 39
| 3
|-
| 18
| [[Ryan Manning]]
| C
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|1998|12|14|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Southampton Football Club|Southampton]]
| 23
| 0
|-
| 23
| [[Jimmy Dunne]]
| C{{efn|Sna rialacha [[FIFA]] teastaíonn gach foireann, trí chúil bháire ina scuaid. Tar éis a d'fhág [[Gavin Bazunu]] ó an scuaid ní raibh ach dhá chúil bháire acú, mar fháil ar sinn tá Jimmy Dunne síos mar cúil báire ar an liosta scuaid.}}
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|1997|10|19|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Queens Park Rangers Football Club|QPR]]
| 3
| 0
|- style=&quot;font-weight:bold; text-align:center; background-color:#109240; color:#FFF;&quot;
| colspan=&quot;8&quot; | Imreoirí lár páirce
|-
| 6
| [[Jayson Molumby]] 
| LP
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|1999|8|6|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[West Bromwich Albion Football Club|West Brom]]
| 37
| 0
|-
| 8
| [[Jason Knight]]
| LP
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2001|2|13|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Bristol City Football Club|Bristol City]]
| 44
| 1
|-
| 11
| [[Finn Azaz]]
| LP
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2000|9|7|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Southampton Football Club|Southampton]]
| 15
| 1
|-
| 14
| [[Conor Coventry]]
| LP
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2000|3|25|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Charlton Athletic Football Club|Charlton Athletic]]
| 4
| 0
|-
| 22
| [[Killian Phillips]]
| LP
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2002|3|30|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of Scotland.svg|20px]] [[St Mirren Football Club|St Mirren]]
| 4
| 0
|-
| 
| [[Bosun Lawal]]
| LP
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2003|5|30|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Stoke City Football Club|Stoke City]]
| 1
| 0
|- style=&quot;font-weight:bold; text-align:center; background-color:#109240; color:#FFF;&quot;
| colspan=&quot;8&quot; | Ionsaitheoirí
|-
| 7
| [[Troy Parrott]]
| I
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2002|2|4|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of Spain.svg|20px]] [[Real Betis]]
| 38
| 11
|-
| 9
| [[Tom Cannon]]
| I
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2002|12|28|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Sheffield United Football Club|Sheffield United]]
| 3
| 2
|-
| 10
| [[Adam Idah]]
| I
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2001|2|11|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of Wales.svg|20px]] [[Swansea City Football Club|Swansea City]]
| 41
| 6
|-
| 17
| [[Jack Moylan]]
| I
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2001|9|1|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of Wales.svg|20px]] [[Cardiff City Football Club|Cardiff City]]
| 3
| 3
|-
| 19
| [[Owen Elding]]
| I
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2006|3|7|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of Scotland.svg|20px]] [[Hibernian Football Club|Hibernian]]
| 1
| 0
|-
| 20
| [[Chiedozie Ogbene]]
| I
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|1997|5|1|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Lincoln City Football Club|Lincoln City]]
| 36
| 5
|-
| 21
| [[Rocco Vata]]
| I
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2005|4|18|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Watford Football Club|Watford]]
| 1
| 0
|}
{{notelist}}
[[Catagóir:Foirne sacair náisiúnta|Éire]]
[[Catagóir:Sacar i bPoblacht na hÉireann]]
[[Catagóir:Foireann sacair náisiúnta Phoblacht na hÉireann]]
|}

== Féach freisin ==

* [[Corn FIFA an Domhain 2026 - Grúpa Cáilithe F de chuid UEFA]]

== Tagairtí ==
{{reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>56fsx6ksbvxpjxgoaoro2gy2pgpo0cu</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1328801</id>
      <parentid>1328800</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T13:42:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>LzerLive</username>
        <id>66246</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Scuaid faoi láthair */</comment>
      <origin>1328801</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16036" sha1="k93bentdrq9vh4hzo22jnu2l64lek71" xml:space="preserve">{{Foireann pheile náisiúnta bosca eolais
|Ainm = Poblacht na hÉireann
|Suaitheantas = Republic_of_Ireland_national_football_team_crest.svg
|Leasainm = ''Na Buachaillí i nGlas'' ''(The Boys in Green)''
| pattern_la1        = _ire26h
| pattern_b1         = _ire26h
| pattern_ra1        = _ire26h
| pattern_sh1        = _ire26h
| pattern_so1        = _ire26hl
| leftarm1           = 005f31
| body1              = 005f31
| rightarm1          = 005f31
| shorts1            = 005f31
| socks1             = 005f31
| pattern_la2        =
| pattern_b2         =_ire26a
| pattern_ra2        =
| pattern_sh2        =_ire26a
| pattern_so2        =_ire26al
| leftarm2           = FFFFFF
| body2              = FFFFFF
| rightarm2          = FFFFFF
| shorts2            = 001f4e
| socks2             = FFFFFF
|Cumann = [[Cumann Peile na hÉireann|FAI]]
|Cónaidhm = [[UEFA]]
|Traenálaí = {{bratach|Iceland}} [[Heimir Hallgrímsson]]
|Most caps = [[Robbie Keane]] (146)
|Ardaimsitheoir = [[Robbie Keane]] (68)
|FIFA code = IRL
|Staid = [[Staidiam Aviva]]
|Rangú FIFA = 55ú
|Céad chluiche = {{bratach|Ireland}} Éire 1 - 0 An Bhulgáir {{bratach|Bulgaria}}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Colombes, [[An Fhrainc]]; [[28 Bealtaine]] [[1924]]&lt;/small&gt;
|Bua is mó = {{bratach|Ireland}} Éire 8 - 0 Málta {{bratach|Malta}}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;[[Baile Átha Cliath]], [[Poblacht na hÉireann|Éire]]; [[16 Samhain]] [[1983]]&lt;/small&gt;
|Cailleadh is mó = {{bratach|Brazil}} An Bhrasaíl 7 - 0 Éire {{bratach|Ireland}}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Uberlândia, [[An Bhrasaíl]]; [[27 Bealtaine]] [[1982]]&lt;/small&gt;
|World cup apps = 3
|World cup first = [[1990]]
|World cup best = Ceathrú ceannais, [[1990]]
|Regional name = Craobh na hEorpa
|Regional cup apps = 3
|Regional cup first = [[1988]]
|Regional cup best = Babhta le 16, [[UEFA Euro 2016|2016]]
}}
Is í '''foireann peile náisiúnta Phoblacht na hÉireann''' a dhéanann ionadaíocht do Phoblacht na hÉireann i gcomórtais sacair. Tá an fhoireann náisiúnta faoi stiúir [[Cumann Peile na hÉireann]] agus imrítear a gcluichí baile sa [[Staidiam Aviva]] i m[[Baile Átha Cliath]].  

Cháiligh an fhoireann dá gcéad mhórchomórtas sa bhliain [[1988]] nuair a shroicheadar Craobh na hEorpa sa [[An Ghearmáin|Ghearmáin]]. Bhí bua cáiliúil acu in aghaidh [[foireann sacair náisiúnta Shasana|Shasana]] sa chomórtas seo, agus rinneadh laochra de na peileadóirí mar thoradh. Cháiligh siad do Chraobh na hEorpa arís sa bhliain [[UEFA Euro 2012|2012]] agus [[UEFA Euro 2016|2016]] agus do [[Corn Sacair an Domhain|Chorn Sacair an Domhain]] sna blianta [[1990]], [[1994]] agus [[2002]].

== Staid ==
Imríonn an fhoireann ag imirt a gcluichí baile sa [[Staidiam Aviva]], áis a roinneann siad le [[Foireann rugbaí náisiúnta na hÉireann|foireann rugbaí na hÉireann]]. Roimhe sin, d'imir an dá fhoireann i b[[Páirc an Chrócaigh]] mar shocrú sealadach, fad agus a bhí athfhorbairt á dhéanamh ar pháirc [[Bóthar Lansdún|Bhóthar Lansdún]] i m[[Baile Átha Cliath]], mar a thugaí air. 

Is é Staidiam Aviva ceanncheathrú an [[IRFU]] chomh maith, eagraíocht stiúrtha [[rugbaí]] in Éirinn. D'imir an fhoireann sacair a chéad chluiche sa staid seo i gcoinne [[an Iodáil|na hIodáile]] sa bhliain [[1971]]. Roimhe seo, bhíodh cluichí á imirt b[[Páirc Cnocán Uí Dhálaigh]].
[[Íomhá:Troy_Parrott.png|clé|mion|312x312px|Fuair [[Troy Parrott]] cúig chúl in dhá chluiche, Samhain 2025, [[Corn FIFA an Domhain 2026 - Grúpa Cáilithe F de chuid UEFA]]]]

== Eagraíocht ==
Ba tuairim leath bealaigh trí ré bainistíochta [[Jack Charlton]] (1986-1996) a shroich foireann sacair na hÉireann an runga ab airde ariamh acu ar dhréimire fiúntais FIFA – an séú háit i 1993.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/ariamh-le-mo-chuimhne-ni-fhaca-me-pobal-an-tsacair-sa-tir-seo-chomh-diomach-faoin-bhfoireann-naisiunta/|teideal=Ariamh le mo chuimhne ní fhaca mé pobal an tsacair sa tír seo chomh díomách faoin bhfoireann náisiúnta|údar=Mártan Ó Ciardha|dáta=14 Meán Fómhair 2025|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2025-11-17}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ón am ar chríochnaigh ré órga Charlton go dtáinig deireadh le réimeas Martin O’Neill in 2018, ba i measc an scór nó tríocha foireann ar bharr an tábla a bhíodh Éire. Ach in 2025, sa 62ú háit ar domhan a bhí Éire.&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/aisling-na-heireann-beo-ar-eigean-agus-ronaldo-agus-a-chairde-i-mbaile-atha-cliath/|teideal=Aisling na hÉireann beo ar éigean agus Ronaldo agus a chairde i mBaile Átha Cliath|dáta=2025-11-13|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2025-11-17}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Is iad Stephen Kenny agus Heimir Hallgrímsson na bainisteoirí is deireanaí i gceannas – go dtí seo d’imir a gcuid foirne i 38 cluiche i gcomórtais de chuid UEFA/FIFA. Naoi gcinn acu sin a bhuadar.

Baineann cuid den mheath leis an gcaoi a bhfuil leagan amach an tsacair athraithe ó bhonn ó aimsir Jack Mór. Tá baint nach beag ag an rath atá tagtha ar [[Príomhroinn Shasana|Premiership Shasana]] ó bunaíodh sin i 1992 leis an scéal.

Sa lá atá inniu ann is é an Premier League an tsraith is saibhre agus is tarraingtí ar domhan. Seachtar Éireannach a bhí ina measc in 2025 – díobh siúd ag Nathan Collins agus ag Caoimhín Kelleher amháin atá áiteanna buana ar fhoirne a gclubanna.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Cuir sin i gcomparáid leis an am a raibh foirne na hÉireann ar thús cadhnaíochta. Imreoirí Príomhroinne ar fad (Sasana/Albain) a bhí ar an bpáirc ag Charlton sa mbua ar an Iodáil i gCorn an Domhain 1994. Deich mbliana fichead roimhe b’amhlaidh, nach mór, a bhí ar Pháirc Chnocán Uí Dhálaigh nuair a bhuaigh Johnny Giles agus a chomrádaithe ar fhoireann de chuid na Spáinne a raibh a gcuid peileadóirí ag imirt do chlubanna móra na tíre sin, Bilbao, Athletico Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia agus  Zaragossa.

Bhí ceathrar as Manchester United a bhuaigh Sraith 1 an tséasúir sin ag Éirinn – Pat Dunne, Shay Brennan, Tony Dunne agus Noel Cantwell, mar aon le Giles (Leeds Utd), Andy McEvoy agus Mick McGrath (Blackburn) – ba é McEvoy príomhscórálaí Shraith Roinn 1 an séasúr sin. Le Bristol Rovers a bhí Joe Haverty ag imirt, formhór a shaoil caite aige le Arsenal, áit a ndeachaigh sé agus gan é ach 18 bliain.

Gheobhadh ceachtar den bheirt as [[Sraith na hÉireann]] a bhí ar an bhfoireann áit ar fhoirne móra an lae i Sasana. Go deimhin chaith Frank O’Neill ([[Shamrock Rovers Football Club|Ruagairí na Seamróige]]) cúpla bliain ansin le Arsenal gur fhill sé abhaile agus bhí Jackie Hennessy ([[Shelbourne Football Club|Shelbourne]]) chomh hábalta céanna.

Fágann an [[Breatimeacht]] agus rialacha na hEorpa faoi chosaint leanaí nach ceadaithe d’imreoirí maithe óga na tíre seo an cosán a ghlac seisean a shiúl anois – bhí Nathan Collins ar an duine deireanach a rinne sin in 2016.

Deir Fenlon nach mór go mbeadh plúr na bpeileadóirí ag traenáil go lánaimseartha ó bhíonn siad 16 bliain. Níl deis anois acu dul thar lear le sin a dhéanamh agus bíonn siad taobh le clubanna na tíre seo. Ar ndóigh níl bealach faoi spéir go mbeidís siúd in acmhainn a leithéid a sheasamh.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Stair chomórtais ==

=== Corn Sacair an Domhain ===
''[[Poblacht na hÉireann ag Corn Sacair an Domhain]]''
* [[1930]] - ''Níor ghlac siad páirt ''
* [[1934]] go [[1986]] - ''Níor cháiligh siad''
* [[1990]] - Cluiche ceathrúcheannais
* [[1994]] - Babhta 2
* [[1998]] - ''Níor cháiligh siad''
* [[2002]] - Babhta 2
* [[Corn FIFA an Domhain 2006|2006]] go [[Corn FIFA an Domhain 2026|2026]] - ''Níor cháiligh siad''

=== Craobh na hEorpa ===
* [[1960]] go [[Craobh Peile na hEorpa, 1984|1984]] - ''Níor cháiligh siad''
* [[1988]] - Babhta 1
* [[1992]] go [[2008]] - ''Níor cháiligh siad''
* [[UEFA Euro 2012|2012]] - Babhta 1
* [[UEFA Euro 2016|2016]] - Babhta le 16
* [[UEFA Euro 2020|2020]] go [[UEFA Euro 2024|2024]] - ''Níor cháiligh siad''

== Bainisteoirí ==
* [[Heimir Hallgrímsson]] ([[2024]]-)
* [[Stephen Kenny]] ([[2020]]-[[2023]])
* [[Martin O'Neill]] ([[2013]]-[[2018]])
* [[Giovanni Trapattoni]] ([[2008]]-[[2013]])
* [[Steve Staunton]] ([[2006]]-[[2007]])
* [[Brian Kerr]] ([[2003]]-[[2005]])
* [[Mick McCarthy]] ([[1996]]-[[2002]]) agus ([[2018]]-[[2020]])
* [[Jack Charlton]] ([[1986]]-[[1995]])
* [[Eoin Hand]] ([[1980]]-[[1985]])
* [[Alan Kelly]] ([[1980]])
* [[John Giles]] ([[1973]]-[[1980]])
* [[Seán Thomas]] ([[1973]])
* [[Liam Tuohy]] ([[1971]]-[[1973]])
* [[Mick Meagan]] ([[1969]]-[[1971]])

== Scórálaithe is fearr ==
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Uimhir
! Ainm
! Ós rud é
! Cúl
! Caipín
|- align=
|1.
|align=left| [[Robbie Keane]]
|1998–2016
|'''68'''
|146
|-
|2.
|align=left| [[Niall Quinn]]
|1986–2002
|'''21'''
|91
|-
|3.
|align=left| [[Frank Stapleton]]
|1977–1990
|'''20'''
|71
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|4.
|align=left| [[Don Givens]]
|1969–1981
|'''19'''
|56
|-
|align=left| [[John Aldridge]]
|1986–1997
|'''19'''
|69
|-
|align=left| [[Tony Cascarino]]
|1985–2000
|'''19'''
|88
|-
|7.
|align=&quot;left&quot;| [[Shane Long]]
|2007–2021
|'''17'''
|88
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|8.
|align=left| [[Noel Cantwell]]
|1953–1967
|'''14'''
|36
|-
|align=left| [[Jonathan Walters]]
|2010–2018
|'''14'''
|54
|-
|align=left| [[Kevin Doyle]]
|2006–2017
|'''14'''
|63
|}

== Iar-imreoirí cáiliúla ==
{|
|- style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;
|
* [[Roy Keane]]
* [[Denis Irwin]]
* [[Paul McGrath]]
* [[John Giles]]
* [[David O'Leary]]
* [[John Aldridge]]
* [[Liam Brady]]
* [[Ronnie Whelan]]
* [[Kevin Moran (peileadóir)|Kevin Moran]]
* [[Frank Stapleton]]
|
|
* [[Steve Staunton]]
* [[Niall Quinn]]
* [[Ray Houghton]]
* [[Eamon Dunphy]]
* [[Mick McCarthy]]
* [[Packie Bonner]]
* [[Tony Cascarino]]
* [[Andy Townsend]]
* [[Gary Kelly]]
* [[Don Givens]]
|
|
* [[Mark Lawrenson]]
* [[Chris Hughton]]
* [[Kevin Sheedy]]
* [[Terry Phelan]]
* [[Phil Babb]]
* [[Jason McAteer]]
* [[Tony Galvin]]
* [[Eoin Hand]]
* [[Steve Heighway]]
* [[Matt Holland]]
|
|
* [[Alan Kelly|Alan Kelly Sr.]]
* [[Alan Kelly Jr.]]
* [[Mark Kinsella]]
* [[Jim Beglin]]
* [[Tommy Coyne]]
* [[Kenny Cunningham]]
* [[David Kelly]]
* [[Alan Kernaghan]]
* [[Alan McLoughlin]]
* [[John Sheridan]]
* [[Shay Given]] 
|}

== Scuaid faoi láthair ==
{|
|- style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;
|
;Scuad le haghaidh na cluichí in aghaidh [[An Chosaiv]], [[Iosrael]] agus [[An Ostair]] ar an 24ú agus an 27ú de Meán Fómhair agus an 1ú agus an 4ú de Deireadh Fómhair 2026.:

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:bottom; text-align: center; font-size:80%; width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;font-weight:bold; text-align:center; background-color:#109240; color:#FFF;&quot;
!style=&quot;background:#109240;color:#FFF&quot;| #
!style=&quot;background:#109240;color:#FFF&quot;| Ainm
!style=&quot;background:#109240;color:#FFF&quot;| Ionad
!style=&quot;background:#109240;color:#FFF&quot;| Dáta Breithe (aois)
!style=&quot;background:#109240;color:#FFF&quot;| Club
!style=&quot;background:#109240;color:#FFF&quot;| Caipín
!style=&quot;background:#109240;color:#FFF&quot;| Cúl
|- style=&quot;font-weight:bold; text-align:center; background-color:#109240; color:#FFF;&quot;
| colspan=&quot;7&quot; | Cúil Bháire
|-
| 1
| [[Caoimhín Kelleher]]
| CB
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|1998|11|28|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Brentford Football Club|Brentford]]
| 33
| 0
|-
| 16
| [[Max O'Leary]]
| CB
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|1996|10|10|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[West Bromwich Albion Football Club|West Brom]]
| 2
| 0
|- style=&quot;font-weight:bold; text-align:center; background-color:#109240; color:#FFF;&quot;
| colspan=&quot;7&quot; | Cosantóirí
|-
| 2
| [[James Abankwah]]
| C
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2004|1|16|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of Italy.svg|20px]] [[Udinese]]
| 5
| 0
|-
| 3
| [[Liam Scales]]
| C
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|1998|8|8|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of Scotland.svg|20px]] [[Celtic F.C.|Celtic]]
| 17
| 1
|-
| 4
| [[Dara O'Shea]]  &lt;br&gt; ''([[Captaen|Leaschaptaen]])''
| C
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|1999|3|4|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Ipswich Town Football Club|Ipswich Town]]
| 46
| 0
|-
| 5
| [[Jake O'Brien]]
| C
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2001|5|15|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Everton Football Club|Everton]]
| 18
| 0
|-
| 12
| [[Liam Kitching]]
| C
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|1999|9|25|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Sheffield United Football Club|Sheffield United]]
| 0
| 0
|-
| 13
| [[Joel Bagan]]
| C
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2001|9|3|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of Wales.svg|20px]] [[Cardiff City Football Club|Cardiff City]]
| 0
| 0
|-
| 15
| [[John Egan]]
| C
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|1992|10|20|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Hull City Football Club|Hull City]]
| 39
| 3
|-
| 18
| [[Ryan Manning]]
| C
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|1998|12|14|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Southampton Football Club|Southampton]]
| 23
| 0
|-
| 23
| [[Jimmy Dunne]]
| C{{efn|Sna rialacha [[FIFA]] teastaíonn gach foireann, trí chúil bháire ina scuaid. Tar éis a d'fhág [[Gavin Bazunu]] ó an scuaid ní raibh ach dhá chúil bháire acú, mar fháil ar sinn tá Jimmy Dunne síos mar cúil báire ar an liosta scuaid.}}
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|1997|10|19|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Queens Park Rangers Football Club|QPR]]
| 3
| 0
|- style=&quot;font-weight:bold; text-align:center; background-color:#109240; color:#FFF;&quot;
| colspan=&quot;8&quot; | Imreoirí lár páirce
|-
| 6
| [[Jayson Molumby]] 
| LP
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|1999|8|6|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[West Bromwich Albion Football Club|West Brom]]
| 37
| 0
|-
| 8
| [[Jason Knight]]
| LP
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2001|2|13|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Bristol City Football Club|Bristol City]]
| 44
| 1
|-
| 11
| [[Finn Azaz]]
| LP
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2000|9|7|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Southampton Football Club|Southampton]]
| 15
| 1
|-
| 14
| [[Conor Coventry]]
| LP
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2000|3|25|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Charlton Athletic Football Club|Charlton Athletic]]
| 4
| 0
|-
| 22
| [[Killian Phillips]]
| LP
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2002|3|30|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of Scotland.svg|20px]] [[St Mirren Football Club|St Mirren]]
| 4
| 0
|-
| 
| [[Bosun Lawal]]
| LP
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2003|5|30|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Stoke City Football Club|Stoke City]]
| 1
| 0
|- style=&quot;font-weight:bold; text-align:center; background-color:#109240; color:#FFF;&quot;
| colspan=&quot;8&quot; | Ionsaitheoirí
|-
| 7
| [[Troy Parrott]]
| I
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2002|2|4|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of Spain.svg|20px]] [[Real Betis]]
| 38
| 11
|-
| 9
| [[Tom Cannon]]
| I
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2002|12|28|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Sheffield United Football Club|Sheffield United]]
| 3
| 2
|-
| 10
| [[Adam Idah]]
| I
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2001|2|11|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of Wales.svg|20px]] [[Swansea City Football Club|Swansea City]]
| 41
| 6
|-
| 17
| [[Jack Moylan]]
| I
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2001|9|1|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of Wales.svg|20px]] [[Cardiff City Football Club|Cardiff City]]
| 3
| 3
|-
| 19
| [[Owen Elding]]
| I
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2006|3|7|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of Scotland.svg|20px]] [[Hibernian Football Club|Hibernian]]
| 1
| 0
|-
| 20
| [[Chiedozie Ogbene]]
| I
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|1997|5|1|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Lincoln City Football Club|Lincoln City]]
| 36
| 5
|-
| 21
| [[Rocco Vata]]
| I
| {{Dáta breithe agus aois|2005|4|18|df=yes}}
| [[Íomhá:Flag of England.svg|20px]] [[Watford Football Club|Watford]]
| 1
| 0
|}
{{notelist}}
[[Catagóir:Foirne sacair náisiúnta|Éire]]
[[Catagóir:Sacar i bPoblacht na hÉireann]]
[[Catagóir:Foireann sacair náisiúnta Phoblacht na hÉireann]]
|}

== Féach freisin ==

* [[Corn FIFA an Domhain 2026 - Grúpa Cáilithe F de chuid UEFA]]

== Tagairtí ==
{{reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>k93bentdrq9vh4hzo22jnu2l64lek71</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>The Simpsons</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>7466</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328831</id>
      <parentid>1326927</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-28T02:24:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Stephan1000000</username>
        <id>39047</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>810 38</comment>
      <origin>1328831</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4337" sha1="k7ihn8zfnsh5fni8jmxu79pd1zruk2o" xml:space="preserve">{{WD Bosca Sonraí Sraith Teilifíse|num_seasons=38|num_episodes=810}}
Is é '''''The Simpsons''''' an tsraith [[Beochan|bheoite]] [[Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá|Mheiriceánach]] is fadsaolaí riamh. Baineann sé le saol na Simpsons, teaghlach Meiriceánach a chónaíonn in Springfield, baile sna Stáit Aontaithe. Craoladh an chéad eipeasóid ar [[17 Nollaig]] [[1989]] ar [[Gréasán teilifíse|ghréasán]] [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]]. Ó shin, tá breis agus [[Liosta eipeasóidí The Simpsons|654 eipeasóid]] craolta. Tá an tsraith an-cáiliúil ar fud an domhain agus glacann a lán [[Liosta de na aoi-réaltaí The Simpsons|daoine cáiliúla]] páirt mar aoi-réaltaí.  

Meastar gurb é ''The Simpsons'' ceann de na sraitheanna is mó éilimh i stair na teilifíse. Tá clú ar an stíl ait ealaíne atá ann: bíonn craiceann buí agus súile móra ar na carachtair, agus ceithre mhéar ar a lámha.

== Plota ==
Cúigear atá i dteaghlach na Simpsons, .i. [[Homer Simpson|Homer]], a bhean chéile [[Marge Simpson|Marge]], agus a gclann, [[Bart Simpson|Bart]], [[Lisa Simpson|Lisa]] agus [[Maggie Simpson|Maggie]]. Tá cónaí orthu ag [[742 Evergreen Terrace]] i mbaile [[Springfield]] i SAM (ní luaitear stát leis).

==Eipeasóidí==
{{féach freisin|Liosta eipeasóidí The Simpsons}}

== Stair ==
[[Íomhá:TS-Simpsons.jpg|float|deas|200px|mionsamhail|Ceist léamhthuisceana as scrúdú [[Gaeilge]] an [[Teastas Sóisearach|Teastais Shóisearaigh]], (Bonnleibhéal, 2000): Tá ''The Simpsons'' an-tábhachtach sa [[popchultúr|phopchultúr]] ar fud an domhain, go háirithe i measc an aosa óig.]] Chruthaigh [[Matt Groening]] an clár sa bhliain 1987 nuair a iarradh air sraith [[Cartún|chartún]] gearr a scríobh do ''The Tracy Ullman Show'' a chraolfaí ag tús agus deireadh na sosanna fógraí. Bhunaigh Groening na carachtair ar a mhuintir féin. Craoladh an chéad chartún ar 19 Aibreán 1987. Rinneadh 48 gceann de na cartúin seo san iomlán.

Sa bhliain 1989, lorg Fox séasúr de thrí heipeasóid déag, leathuair an chloig an ceann. Craoladh an chéad eipeasóid, ''[[Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire]]'', ar 17 Nollaig 1989. Bhí móreileamh air láithreach bonn. B'aoir é ar shaol an lae inniu sna Stáit Aontaithe, agus é mar fhritéis don ''[[sitcom]]'' teaghlaigh tipiciúil Meiriceánach.

== Aisteoirí gutha ==

{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!colspan=6|Príomhaisteoirí
|-
|align=center| [[File:Dan Castellaneta cropped.jpg|150x150px]]
|align=center| [[File:Julie Kavner.jpg|150x150px]]
|align=center| [[File:Nancy Cartwright.jpg|150x150px|upright]]
|align=center| [[File:Yeardley Smith 2012.png|150x150px]]
|align=center| [[File:Hankazaria05.jpg|150x150px|upright]]
|align=center| [[File:Harry Shearer at RT4.jpg|150x150px]]
|- style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
|style=&quot;width:16%;&quot;| [[Dan Castellaneta]]
|style=&quot;width:16%;&quot;| [[Julie Kavner]]
|style=&quot;width:16%;&quot;| [[Nancy Cartwright]]
|style=&quot;width:16%;&quot;| [[Yeardley Smith]]
|style=&quot;width:16%;&quot;| [[Hank Azaria]]
|style=&quot;width:16%;&quot;| [[Harry Shearer]]
|-
|width=16%| [[Homer Simpson|Homer]], [[Abe Simpson|Grampa]], [[Barney Gumble|Barney]], [[Krusty the Clown|Krusty]], [[Groundskeeper Willie]], [[Mayor Quimby]], [[Hans Moleman]] agus eile.
|width=16%| [[Marge Simpson|Marge]], [[Patty Bouvier]] agus [[Selma Bouvier]]
|width=16%| [[Bart Simpson|Bart]], [[Nelson Muntz|Nelson]], [[Ralph Wiggum|Ralph]], [[Todd Flanders]], agus eile.
|width=16%| [[Lisa Simpson|Lisa]]
|width=16%| [[Moe Szyslak|Moe]], [[Chief Wiggum]], [[Apu Nahasapeemapetilon|Apu]], [[Comic Book Guy]], [[Lenny and Carl|Carl]], [[Cletus Spuckler|Cletus]], [[Professor Frink]], [[Dr. Nick]] agus eile
|width=16%| [[Mr. Burns]], [[Waylon Smithers|Smithers]], [[Ned Flanders]], [[Reverend Lovejoy]], [[Kent Brockman]], [[Dr. Hibbert]], [[Lenny and Carl|Lenny]], [[Principal Skinner]], [[Otto Mann|Otto]], [[Rainier Wolfcastle]] agus eile.
|}

== Naisc sheachtracha ==
* {{deilbhín en}} [http://www.thesimpsons.com/ Suíomh oifigiúil]
* {{deilbhín en}} [http://www.snpp.com/ The Simpsons Archive]

== Tagairtí ==
{{Reflist}}


{{The Simpsons}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Simpsons, The}}
[[Catagóir:The Simpsons]]
[[Catagóir:Cláir Ghrinn]]
[[Catagóir:Cláir Fox]]
[[Catagóir:Cláir Teilifíse Mheiriceánacha]]
[[Catagóir:Cartúin]]
[[Catagóir:Sraitheanna teilifíse a thosaigh i 1989]]</text>
      <sha1>k7ihn8zfnsh5fni8jmxu79pd1zruk2o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Raidió Fáilte</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10060</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328792</id>
      <parentid>1318292</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T12:52:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Raidió Fáilte107.1FM Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Tuaisceart Éireann</username>
        <id>77476</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>1328792</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2925" sha1="fckkrhgxukluxllzaa89jnpg3gj10g7" xml:space="preserve">{{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta‎}}

Is craoltóir raidió i m[[Béal Feirste]] é '''Raidió Fáilte'''. Bunaíodh an stáisiún sna hochtóidí, ach ag an am sin, ní raibh cead bainte amach ag an stáisiún craoladh go dleathach. Leanadh ar aghaidh leis ar aon chuma. Bhí sé á chraoladh ón g[[Cultúrlann Mac Adam Ó Fiach]] ar [[Bóthar na bhFál|Bhóthar na bhFál]] in iarthar na cathrach. 

Sa bhliain 2006 thug [[OFCOM]] cead buan oifigiúil don stáisiún craoladh, don chéad uair riamh.  

Craolann an stáisiún cuid mhaith chláir éagsúla, don aos óg agus aosta, mar shampla nuacht, cúrsaí pobail, ceol de gach chineál, agus neart eile. Bíonn sé ar fáil i mBéal Feirste ar 107.1 FM, agus tá sé ar fáil ar fud an domhain mhór, trí mheán an idirlín, ó mhí na Bealtaine 2007 ar aghaidh.

I mí Dheireadh Fómhair 2018 osclaíodh foirgneamh nua Raidió Fáilte idir Bóthar na bhFál agus an Mótorbhealach an Westlink.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.ie/meain/raidio/nil-foirgneamh-raidio-nios-fearr-in-eirinn/]{{Dead link|date=Aibreán 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ‘NÍL FOIRGNEAMH RAIDIÓ NÍOS FEARR IN ÉIRINN’ - Raidió Fáilte ag craoladh ó stiúideo úrnua- NÓS.ie&lt;/ref&gt;
==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
🎙📻 #Raidió #Fáilte 🇮🇪 @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.

== Féach freisin ==

* [[Cultúrlann McAdam Ó Fiaich]]
* [[Gearóid Ó Cairealláin]]
* [[Raidió na Life]]
* [[CRAOL]]

== Naisc sheachtracha ==
* [http://www.raidiofailte.com Suíomh gréasáin Raidió Failte]
* [http://www.culturlann.ie Culturlann.ie - Cultúrlann Mac Adam Ó Fiach] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100923162706/http://www.culturlann.ie/ |date=2010-09-23 }}
* [https://craol.ie/ CRAOL | The Community Radio Forum of Ireland / CRAOL | Fóram Raidió Pobail na hÉireann]

== Tagairtí ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Síol-raidió}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Raidio Failte}}
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió Éireannacha]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió Gaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Líonraí podchraoltaí]]
[[Catagóir:Soláthraithe nuachta i nGaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Soláthraithe Éireannacha nuachta]]
[[Catagóir:Meáin na Gaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió a thosaigh ag craoladh i 2006]]
[[Catagóir:CRAOL]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió i dTuaisceart Éireann]]</text>
      <sha1>fckkrhgxukluxllzaa89jnpg3gj10g7</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1328793</id>
      <parentid>1328792</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T12:52:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Morkoz</username>
        <id>72486</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Cealaíodh athruithe [[Special:Contributions/Raidió Fáilte107.1FM Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Tuaisceart Éireann|Raidió Fáilte107.1FM Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Tuaisceart Éireann]] ([[User talk:Raidió Fáilte107.1FM Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Tuaisceart Éireann|Plé]]); ar ais chuig leagan le [[User:Conradder|Conradder]]</comment>
      <origin>1318292</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2207" sha1="66i0en4bvqhr1r0icg30f0kf3rzu1n1" xml:space="preserve">{{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta‎}}

Is craoltóir raidió i m[[Béal Feirste]] é '''Raidió Fáilte'''. Bunaíodh an stáisiún sna hochtóidí, ach ag an am sin, ní raibh cead bainte amach ag an stáisiún craoladh go dleathach. Leanadh ar aghaidh leis ar aon chuma. Bhí sé á chraoladh ón g[[Cultúrlann Mac Adam Ó Fiach]] ar [[Bóthar na bhFál|Bhóthar na bhFál]] in iarthar na cathrach. 

Sa bhliain 2006 thug [[OFCOM]] cead buan oifigiúil don stáisiún craoladh, don chéad uair riamh.  

Craolann an stáisiún cuid mhaith chláir éagsúla, don aos óg agus aosta, mar shampla nuacht, cúrsaí pobail, ceol de gach chineál, agus neart eile. Bíonn sé ar fáil i mBéal Feirste ar 107.1 FM, agus tá sé ar fáil ar fud an domhain mhór, trí mheán an idirlín, ó mhí na Bealtaine 2007 ar aghaidh.

I mí Dheireadh Fómhair 2018 osclaíodh foirgneamh nua Raidió Fáilte idir Bóthar na bhFál agus an Mótorbhealach an Westlink.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.ie/meain/raidio/nil-foirgneamh-raidio-nios-fearr-in-eirinn/]{{Dead link|date=Aibreán 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ‘NÍL FOIRGNEAMH RAIDIÓ NÍOS FEARR IN ÉIRINN’ - Raidió Fáilte ag craoladh ó stiúideo úrnua- NÓS.ie&lt;/ref&gt;

== Féach freisin ==

* [[Cultúrlann McAdam Ó Fiaich]]
* [[Gearóid Ó Cairealláin]]
* [[Raidió na Life]]
* [[CRAOL]]

== Naisc sheachtracha ==
* [http://www.raidiofailte.com Suíomh gréasáin Raidió Failte]
* [http://www.culturlann.ie Culturlann.ie - Cultúrlann Mac Adam Ó Fiach] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100923162706/http://www.culturlann.ie/ |date=2010-09-23 }}
* [https://craol.ie/ CRAOL | The Community Radio Forum of Ireland / CRAOL | Fóram Raidió Pobail na hÉireann]

== Tagairtí ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Síol-raidió}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Raidio Failte}}
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió Éireannacha]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió Gaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Líonraí podchraoltaí]]
[[Catagóir:Soláthraithe nuachta i nGaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Soláthraithe Éireannacha nuachta]]
[[Catagóir:Meáin na Gaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió a thosaigh ag craoladh i 2006]]
[[Catagóir:CRAOL]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió i dTuaisceart Éireann]]</text>
      <sha1>66i0en4bvqhr1r0icg30f0kf3rzu1n1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1328794</id>
      <parentid>1328793</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T12:52:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Raidió Fáilte107.1FM Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Tuaisceart Éireann</username>
        <id>77476</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>1328794</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9208" sha1="5lblpvnyodltther6qff718hnuqc5wy" xml:space="preserve">{{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta‎}}

Is craoltóir raidió i m[[Béal Feirste]] é '''Raidió Fáilte'''. Bunaíodh an stáisiún sna hochtóidí, ach ag an am sin, ní raibh cead bainte amach ag an stáisiún craoladh go dleathach. Leanadh ar aghaidh leis ar aon chuma. Bhí sé á chraoladh ón g[[Cultúrlann Mac Adam Ó Fiach]] ar [[Bóthar na bhFál|Bhóthar na bhFál]] in iarthar na cathrach. 

Sa bhliain 2006 thug [[OFCOM]] cead buan oifigiúil don stáisiún craoladh, don chéad uair riamh.  

Craolann an stáisiún cuid mhaith chláir éagsúla, don aos óg agus aosta, mar shampla nuacht, cúrsaí pobail, ceol de gach chineál, agus neart eile. Bíonn sé ar fáil i mBéal Feirste ar 107.1 FM, agus tá sé ar fáil ar fud an domhain mhór, trí mheán an idirlín, ó mhí na Bealtaine 2007 ar aghaidh.

I mí Dheireadh Fómhair 2018 osclaíodh foirgneamh nua Raidió Fáilte idir Bóthar na bhFál agus an Mótorbhealach an Westlink.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.ie/meain/raidio/nil-foirgneamh-raidio-nios-fearr-in-eirinn/]{{Dead link|date=Aibreán 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ‘NÍL FOIRGNEAMH RAIDIÓ NÍOS FEARR IN ÉIRINN’ - Raidió Fáilte ag craoladh ó stiúideo úrnua- NÓS.ie&lt;/ref&gt;
==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.

== Féach freisin ==

* [[Cultúrlann McAdam Ó Fiaich]]
* [[Gearóid Ó Cairealláin]]
* [[Raidió na Life]]
* [[CRAOL]]

== Naisc sheachtracha ==
* [http://www.raidiofailte.com Suíomh gréasáin Raidió Failte]
* [http://www.culturlann.ie Culturlann.ie - Cultúrlann Mac Adam Ó Fiach] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100923162706/http://www.culturlann.ie/ |date=2010-09-23 }}
* [https://craol.ie/ CRAOL | The Community Radio Forum of Ireland / CRAOL | Fóram Raidió Pobail na hÉireann]

== Tagairtí ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Síol-raidió}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Raidio Failte}}
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió Éireannacha]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió Gaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Líonraí podchraoltaí]]
[[Catagóir:Soláthraithe nuachta i nGaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Soláthraithe Éireannacha nuachta]]
[[Catagóir:Meáin na Gaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió a thosaigh ag craoladh i 2006]]
[[Catagóir:CRAOL]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió i dTuaisceart Éireann]]</text>
      <sha1>5lblpvnyodltther6qff718hnuqc5wy</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1328795</id>
      <parentid>1328794</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T12:53:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-51997-22</username>
        <id>77477</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL */</comment>
      <origin>1328795</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9209" sha1="q4puzjmirq6752gh51hej8zysh3zavn" xml:space="preserve">{{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta‎}}

Is craoltóir raidió i m[[Béal Feirste]] é '''Raidió Fáilte'''. Bunaíodh an stáisiún sna hochtóidí, ach ag an am sin, ní raibh cead bainte amach ag an stáisiún craoladh go dleathach. Leanadh ar aghaidh leis ar aon chuma. Bhí sé á chraoladh ón g[[Cultúrlann Mac Adam Ó Fiach]] ar [[Bóthar na bhFál|Bhóthar na bhFál]] in iarthar na cathrach. 

Sa bhliain 2006 thug [[OFCOM]] cead buan oifigiúil don stáisiún craoladh, don chéad uair riamh.  

Craolann an stáisiún cuid mhaith chláir éagsúla, don aos óg agus aosta, mar shampla nuacht, cúrsaí pobail, ceol de gach chineál, agus neart eile. Bíonn sé ar fáil i mBéal Feirste ar 107.1 FM, agus tá sé ar fáil ar fud an domhain mhór, trí mheán an idirlín, ó mhí na Bealtaine 2007 ar aghaidh.

I mí Dheireadh Fómhair 2018 osclaíodh foirgneamh nua Raidió Fáilte idir Bóthar na bhFál agus an Mótorbhealach an Westlink.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.ie/meain/raidio/nil-foirgneamh-raidio-nios-fearr-in-eirinn/]{{Dead link|date=Aibreán 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ‘NÍL FOIRGNEAMH RAIDIÓ NÍOS FEARR IN ÉIRINN’ - Raidió Fáilte ag craoladh ó stiúideo úrnua- NÓS.ie&lt;/ref&gt;
==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==

#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.

== Féach freisin ==

* [[Cultúrlann McAdam Ó Fiaich]]
* [[Gearóid Ó Cairealláin]]
* [[Raidió na Life]]
* [[CRAOL]]

== Naisc sheachtracha ==
* [http://www.raidiofailte.com Suíomh gréasáin Raidió Failte]
* [http://www.culturlann.ie Culturlann.ie - Cultúrlann Mac Adam Ó Fiach] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100923162706/http://www.culturlann.ie/ |date=2010-09-23 }}
* [https://craol.ie/ CRAOL | The Community Radio Forum of Ireland / CRAOL | Fóram Raidió Pobail na hÉireann]

== Tagairtí ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Síol-raidió}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Raidio Failte}}
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió Éireannacha]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió Gaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Líonraí podchraoltaí]]
[[Catagóir:Soláthraithe nuachta i nGaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Soláthraithe Éireannacha nuachta]]
[[Catagóir:Meáin na Gaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió a thosaigh ag craoladh i 2006]]
[[Catagóir:CRAOL]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió i dTuaisceart Éireann]]</text>
      <sha1>q4puzjmirq6752gh51hej8zysh3zavn</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1328796</id>
      <parentid>1328795</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T12:53:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Veritas Sapientiae</username>
        <id>54159</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Cealaíodh athruithe [[Special:Contributions/~2026-51997-22|~2026-51997-22]] ([[User talk:~2026-51997-22|Plé]]); ar ais chuig leagan le [[User:Raidió Fáilte107.1FM Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Tuaisceart Éireann|Raidió Fáilte107.1FM Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Tuaisceart Éireann]]</comment>
      <origin>1328794</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9208" sha1="5lblpvnyodltther6qff718hnuqc5wy" xml:space="preserve">{{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta‎}}

Is craoltóir raidió i m[[Béal Feirste]] é '''Raidió Fáilte'''. Bunaíodh an stáisiún sna hochtóidí, ach ag an am sin, ní raibh cead bainte amach ag an stáisiún craoladh go dleathach. Leanadh ar aghaidh leis ar aon chuma. Bhí sé á chraoladh ón g[[Cultúrlann Mac Adam Ó Fiach]] ar [[Bóthar na bhFál|Bhóthar na bhFál]] in iarthar na cathrach. 

Sa bhliain 2006 thug [[OFCOM]] cead buan oifigiúil don stáisiún craoladh, don chéad uair riamh.  

Craolann an stáisiún cuid mhaith chláir éagsúla, don aos óg agus aosta, mar shampla nuacht, cúrsaí pobail, ceol de gach chineál, agus neart eile. Bíonn sé ar fáil i mBéal Feirste ar 107.1 FM, agus tá sé ar fáil ar fud an domhain mhór, trí mheán an idirlín, ó mhí na Bealtaine 2007 ar aghaidh.

I mí Dheireadh Fómhair 2018 osclaíodh foirgneamh nua Raidió Fáilte idir Bóthar na bhFál agus an Mótorbhealach an Westlink.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.ie/meain/raidio/nil-foirgneamh-raidio-nios-fearr-in-eirinn/]{{Dead link|date=Aibreán 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ‘NÍL FOIRGNEAMH RAIDIÓ NÍOS FEARR IN ÉIRINN’ - Raidió Fáilte ag craoladh ó stiúideo úrnua- NÓS.ie&lt;/ref&gt;
==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.==Raidió Fáilte 107.1FM, Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? More than 50 years ago, a small group of Irish-speaking families on the Shaws Road in Belfast decided to create something that did not exist in the city at the time: a community where their children could live their lives through the medium of Irish. Among them were the parents of the author and Raidió Fáilte presenter, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Seán and Áine Mac Andreasa had grown up in Belfast before moving to Dublin in the late 1960s, where Séimí (57) and his sister were born. They subsequently returned to the city, committed to raising their children in the language.

== Féach freisin ==

* [[Cultúrlann McAdam Ó Fiaich]]
* [[Gearóid Ó Cairealláin]]
* [[Raidió na Life]]
* [[CRAOL]]

== Naisc sheachtracha ==
* [http://www.raidiofailte.com Suíomh gréasáin Raidió Failte]
* [http://www.culturlann.ie Culturlann.ie - Cultúrlann Mac Adam Ó Fiach] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100923162706/http://www.culturlann.ie/ |date=2010-09-23 }}
* [https://craol.ie/ CRAOL | The Community Radio Forum of Ireland / CRAOL | Fóram Raidió Pobail na hÉireann]

== Tagairtí ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Síol-raidió}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Raidio Failte}}
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió Éireannacha]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió Gaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Líonraí podchraoltaí]]
[[Catagóir:Soláthraithe nuachta i nGaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Soláthraithe Éireannacha nuachta]]
[[Catagóir:Meáin na Gaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió a thosaigh ag craoladh i 2006]]
[[Catagóir:CRAOL]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió i dTuaisceart Éireann]]</text>
      <sha1>5lblpvnyodltther6qff718hnuqc5wy</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1328797</id>
      <parentid>1328796</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T12:53:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Morkoz</username>
        <id>72486</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>rv Piermark</comment>
      <origin>1328797</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2207" sha1="66i0en4bvqhr1r0icg30f0kf3rzu1n1" xml:space="preserve">{{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta‎}}

Is craoltóir raidió i m[[Béal Feirste]] é '''Raidió Fáilte'''. Bunaíodh an stáisiún sna hochtóidí, ach ag an am sin, ní raibh cead bainte amach ag an stáisiún craoladh go dleathach. Leanadh ar aghaidh leis ar aon chuma. Bhí sé á chraoladh ón g[[Cultúrlann Mac Adam Ó Fiach]] ar [[Bóthar na bhFál|Bhóthar na bhFál]] in iarthar na cathrach. 

Sa bhliain 2006 thug [[OFCOM]] cead buan oifigiúil don stáisiún craoladh, don chéad uair riamh.  

Craolann an stáisiún cuid mhaith chláir éagsúla, don aos óg agus aosta, mar shampla nuacht, cúrsaí pobail, ceol de gach chineál, agus neart eile. Bíonn sé ar fáil i mBéal Feirste ar 107.1 FM, agus tá sé ar fáil ar fud an domhain mhór, trí mheán an idirlín, ó mhí na Bealtaine 2007 ar aghaidh.

I mí Dheireadh Fómhair 2018 osclaíodh foirgneamh nua Raidió Fáilte idir Bóthar na bhFál agus an Mótorbhealach an Westlink.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.ie/meain/raidio/nil-foirgneamh-raidio-nios-fearr-in-eirinn/]{{Dead link|date=Aibreán 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ‘NÍL FOIRGNEAMH RAIDIÓ NÍOS FEARR IN ÉIRINN’ - Raidió Fáilte ag craoladh ó stiúideo úrnua- NÓS.ie&lt;/ref&gt;

== Féach freisin ==

* [[Cultúrlann McAdam Ó Fiaich]]
* [[Gearóid Ó Cairealláin]]
* [[Raidió na Life]]
* [[CRAOL]]

== Naisc sheachtracha ==
* [http://www.raidiofailte.com Suíomh gréasáin Raidió Failte]
* [http://www.culturlann.ie Culturlann.ie - Cultúrlann Mac Adam Ó Fiach] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100923162706/http://www.culturlann.ie/ |date=2010-09-23 }}
* [https://craol.ie/ CRAOL | The Community Radio Forum of Ireland / CRAOL | Fóram Raidió Pobail na hÉireann]

== Tagairtí ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Síol-raidió}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Raidio Failte}}
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió Éireannacha]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió Gaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Líonraí podchraoltaí]]
[[Catagóir:Soláthraithe nuachta i nGaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Soláthraithe Éireannacha nuachta]]
[[Catagóir:Meáin na Gaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió a thosaigh ag craoladh i 2006]]
[[Catagóir:CRAOL]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió i dTuaisceart Éireann]]</text>
      <sha1>66i0en4bvqhr1r0icg30f0kf3rzu1n1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1328806</id>
      <parentid>1328797</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T19:50:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Raidió Fáilte107.1FM Áras 30 Divis Street, Béal Feirste Tuaisceart Éireann</username>
        <id>77491</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>1328806</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2961" sha1="0kc6vpoavn5fbzb7trsvtqpsi8qpe10" xml:space="preserve">{{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta‎}}

Is craoltóir raidió i m[[Béal Feirste]] é '''Raidió Fáilte'''. Bunaíodh an stáisiún sna hochtóidí, ach ag an am sin, ní raibh cead bainte amach ag an stáisiún craoladh go dleathach. Leanadh ar aghaidh leis ar aon chuma. Bhí sé á chraoladh ón g[[Cultúrlann Mac Adam Ó Fiach]] ar [[Bóthar na bhFál|Bhóthar na bhFál]] in iarthar na cathrach. 

Sa bhliain 2006 thug [[OFCOM]] cead buan oifigiúil don stáisiún craoladh, don chéad uair riamh.  

Craolann an stáisiún cuid mhaith chláir éagsúla, don aos óg agus aosta, mar shampla nuacht, cúrsaí pobail, ceol de gach chineál, agus neart eile. Bíonn sé ar fáil i mBéal Feirste ar 107.1 FM, agus tá sé ar fáil ar fud an domhain mhór, trí mheán an idirlín, ó mhí na Bealtaine 2007 ar aghaidh.

I mí Dheireadh Fómhair 2018 osclaíodh foirgneamh nua Raidió Fáilte idir Bóthar na bhFál agus an Mótorbhealach an Westlink.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.ie/meain/raidio/nil-foirgneamh-raidio-nios-fearr-in-eirinn/]{{Dead link|date=Aibreán 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ‘NÍL FOIRGNEAMH RAIDIÓ NÍOS FEARR IN ÉIRINN’ - Raidió Fáilte ag craoladh ó stiúideo úrnua- NÓS.ie&lt;/ref&gt;
==Raidió Fáilte107.1FM Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Tuaisceart Éireann BT12 4AL==
#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? Breis is 50 bliain ó shin, shocraigh grúpa beag teaghlach a raibh #Gaeilge acu ar Bhóthar Shaws i mBéal Feirste rud éigin a chruthú nárbh ann dó sa chathair ag an am: pobal inar féidir lena bpáistí a saol a chaitheamh trí mheán na Gaeilge. Ina measc bhí tuismitheoirí an údair agus láithreoir Raidió Fáilte, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Bhí Seán agus Áine Mac Andreasa tar éis fás aníos i mBéal Feirste sular bhog siad go Baile Átha Cliath ag deireadh na 1960idí, áit ar rugadh Séimí (57) agus a dheirfiúr. D’fhill siad ar an gcathair ina dhiaidh sin, agus iad tiomanta a bpáistí a thógáil sa teanga.

== Féach freisin ==

* [[Cultúrlann McAdam Ó Fiaich]]
* [[Gearóid Ó Cairealláin]]
* [[Raidió na Life]]
* [[CRAOL]]

== Naisc sheachtracha ==
* [http://www.raidiofailte.com Suíomh gréasáin Raidió Failte]
* [http://www.culturlann.ie Culturlann.ie - Cultúrlann Mac Adam Ó Fiach] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100923162706/http://www.culturlann.ie/ |date=2010-09-23 }}
* [https://craol.ie/ CRAOL | The Community Radio Forum of Ireland / CRAOL | Fóram Raidió Pobail na hÉireann]

== Tagairtí ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Síol-raidió}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Raidio Failte}}
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió Éireannacha]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió Gaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Líonraí podchraoltaí]]
[[Catagóir:Soláthraithe nuachta i nGaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Soláthraithe Éireannacha nuachta]]
[[Catagóir:Meáin na Gaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió a thosaigh ag craoladh i 2006]]
[[Catagóir:CRAOL]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió i dTuaisceart Éireann]]</text>
      <sha1>0kc6vpoavn5fbzb7trsvtqpsi8qpe10</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1328807</id>
      <parentid>1328806</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T19:50:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Raidió Fáilte107.1FM Áras 30 Divis Street, Béal Feirste Tuaisceart Éireann</username>
        <id>77491</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Raidió Fáilte107.1FM Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Tuaisceart Éireann BT12 4AL */</comment>
      <origin>1328807</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2962" sha1="hmtqgvr33xn8utey0x7q2ujrxbbqrtp" xml:space="preserve">{{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta‎}}

Is craoltóir raidió i m[[Béal Feirste]] é '''Raidió Fáilte'''. Bunaíodh an stáisiún sna hochtóidí, ach ag an am sin, ní raibh cead bainte amach ag an stáisiún craoladh go dleathach. Leanadh ar aghaidh leis ar aon chuma. Bhí sé á chraoladh ón g[[Cultúrlann Mac Adam Ó Fiach]] ar [[Bóthar na bhFál|Bhóthar na bhFál]] in iarthar na cathrach. 

Sa bhliain 2006 thug [[OFCOM]] cead buan oifigiúil don stáisiún craoladh, don chéad uair riamh.  

Craolann an stáisiún cuid mhaith chláir éagsúla, don aos óg agus aosta, mar shampla nuacht, cúrsaí pobail, ceol de gach chineál, agus neart eile. Bíonn sé ar fáil i mBéal Feirste ar 107.1 FM, agus tá sé ar fáil ar fud an domhain mhór, trí mheán an idirlín, ó mhí na Bealtaine 2007 ar aghaidh.

I mí Dheireadh Fómhair 2018 osclaíodh foirgneamh nua Raidió Fáilte idir Bóthar na bhFál agus an Mótorbhealach an Westlink.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.ie/meain/raidio/nil-foirgneamh-raidio-nios-fearr-in-eirinn/]{{Dead link|date=Aibreán 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ‘NÍL FOIRGNEAMH RAIDIÓ NÍOS FEARR IN ÉIRINN’ - Raidió Fáilte ag craoladh ó stiúideo úrnua- NÓS.ie&lt;/ref&gt;
==Raidió Fáilte107.1FM Áras 30 Divis Street, Belfast, Tuaisceart Éireann BT12 4AL==

#Raidió #Fáilte  @raidiofailte? Breis is 50 bliain ó shin, shocraigh grúpa beag teaghlach a raibh #Gaeilge acu ar Bhóthar Shaws i mBéal Feirste rud éigin a chruthú nárbh ann dó sa chathair ag an am: pobal inar féidir lena bpáistí a saol a chaitheamh trí mheán na Gaeilge. Ina measc bhí tuismitheoirí an údair agus láithreoir Raidió Fáilte, Séimí Mac Andreasa. Bhí Seán agus Áine Mac Andreasa tar éis fás aníos i mBéal Feirste sular bhog siad go Baile Átha Cliath ag deireadh na 1960idí, áit ar rugadh Séimí (57) agus a dheirfiúr. D’fhill siad ar an gcathair ina dhiaidh sin, agus iad tiomanta a bpáistí a thógáil sa teanga.

== Féach freisin ==

* [[Cultúrlann McAdam Ó Fiaich]]
* [[Gearóid Ó Cairealláin]]
* [[Raidió na Life]]
* [[CRAOL]]

== Naisc sheachtracha ==
* [http://www.raidiofailte.com Suíomh gréasáin Raidió Failte]
* [http://www.culturlann.ie Culturlann.ie - Cultúrlann Mac Adam Ó Fiach] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100923162706/http://www.culturlann.ie/ |date=2010-09-23 }}
* [https://craol.ie/ CRAOL | The Community Radio Forum of Ireland / CRAOL | Fóram Raidió Pobail na hÉireann]

== Tagairtí ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Síol-raidió}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Raidio Failte}}
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió Éireannacha]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió Gaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Líonraí podchraoltaí]]
[[Catagóir:Soláthraithe nuachta i nGaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Soláthraithe Éireannacha nuachta]]
[[Catagóir:Meáin na Gaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió a thosaigh ag craoladh i 2006]]
[[Catagóir:CRAOL]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió i dTuaisceart Éireann]]</text>
      <sha1>hmtqgvr33xn8utey0x7q2ujrxbbqrtp</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1328833</id>
      <parentid>1328807</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-28T03:06:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Morkoz</username>
        <id>72486</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Cealaíodh athruithe [[Special:Contributions/Raidió Fáilte107.1FM Áras 30 Divis Street, Béal Feirste Tuaisceart Éireann|Raidió Fáilte107.1FM Áras 30 Divis Street, Béal Feirste Tuaisceart Éireann]] ([[User talk:Raidió Fáilte107.1FM Áras 30 Divis Street, Béal Feirste Tuaisceart Éireann|Plé]]); ar ais chuig leagan le [[User:Morkoz|Morkoz]]</comment>
      <origin>1328797</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2207" sha1="66i0en4bvqhr1r0icg30f0kf3rzu1n1" xml:space="preserve">{{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta‎}}

Is craoltóir raidió i m[[Béal Feirste]] é '''Raidió Fáilte'''. Bunaíodh an stáisiún sna hochtóidí, ach ag an am sin, ní raibh cead bainte amach ag an stáisiún craoladh go dleathach. Leanadh ar aghaidh leis ar aon chuma. Bhí sé á chraoladh ón g[[Cultúrlann Mac Adam Ó Fiach]] ar [[Bóthar na bhFál|Bhóthar na bhFál]] in iarthar na cathrach. 

Sa bhliain 2006 thug [[OFCOM]] cead buan oifigiúil don stáisiún craoladh, don chéad uair riamh.  

Craolann an stáisiún cuid mhaith chláir éagsúla, don aos óg agus aosta, mar shampla nuacht, cúrsaí pobail, ceol de gach chineál, agus neart eile. Bíonn sé ar fáil i mBéal Feirste ar 107.1 FM, agus tá sé ar fáil ar fud an domhain mhór, trí mheán an idirlín, ó mhí na Bealtaine 2007 ar aghaidh.

I mí Dheireadh Fómhair 2018 osclaíodh foirgneamh nua Raidió Fáilte idir Bóthar na bhFál agus an Mótorbhealach an Westlink.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.ie/meain/raidio/nil-foirgneamh-raidio-nios-fearr-in-eirinn/]{{Dead link|date=Aibreán 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ‘NÍL FOIRGNEAMH RAIDIÓ NÍOS FEARR IN ÉIRINN’ - Raidió Fáilte ag craoladh ó stiúideo úrnua- NÓS.ie&lt;/ref&gt;

== Féach freisin ==

* [[Cultúrlann McAdam Ó Fiaich]]
* [[Gearóid Ó Cairealláin]]
* [[Raidió na Life]]
* [[CRAOL]]

== Naisc sheachtracha ==
* [http://www.raidiofailte.com Suíomh gréasáin Raidió Failte]
* [http://www.culturlann.ie Culturlann.ie - Cultúrlann Mac Adam Ó Fiach] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100923162706/http://www.culturlann.ie/ |date=2010-09-23 }}
* [https://craol.ie/ CRAOL | The Community Radio Forum of Ireland / CRAOL | Fóram Raidió Pobail na hÉireann]

== Tagairtí ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Síol-raidió}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Raidio Failte}}
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió Éireannacha]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió Gaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Líonraí podchraoltaí]]
[[Catagóir:Soláthraithe nuachta i nGaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Soláthraithe Éireannacha nuachta]]
[[Catagóir:Meáin na Gaeilge]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió a thosaigh ag craoladh i 2006]]
[[Catagóir:CRAOL]]
[[Catagóir:Stáisiúin raidió i dTuaisceart Éireann]]</text>
      <sha1>66i0en4bvqhr1r0icg30f0kf3rzu1n1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Na hOileáin Chanáracha</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11438</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328826</id>
      <parentid>1251079</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-28T00:49:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>47196</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>1328826</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="17018" sha1="iv07l43kuwwtwoin8mft7giqpydenkj" xml:space="preserve">{{WD Bosca Geografaíocht Pholaitiúil}}

Is oileánra iad '''na hOileáin Chanáracha''' ([[Spáinnis]] ''Islas Canarias'') (28° 06'N, 15° 24'W) i Ríocht na [[An Spáinn|Spáinne]]. Seacht n-oileán bholcánacha atá ann agus iad suite san [[Aigéan Atlantach]] ar an taobh thiar thuaidh de mhór-roinn na [[An Afraic|Afraice]] (gar do [[Maracó|Mharacó]] agus don Sahára Thiar). Is comhphobal féinrialaithe de chuid na Spáinne iad na hOileáin.

== Sanasaíocht ==
[[Íomhá:TenerifeNorte.jpg|thumb|clé|[[Teide]], [[Tenerife]]]]
Is dócha go dtagann an t-ainm ''Islas Canarias'' ó ''Insula Canaria'', ainm Laidine a chiallaíonn &quot;Oileán na Madraí&quot;.

B'fhéidir gurb é an Rón Manachúil (''Monachus monachus'') atá i gceist, speiceas atá i mbaol agus nach bhfuil le fáil a thuilleadh sna hOileáin Chanáracha.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.endangeredspecieshandbook.org/persecution_seals.php {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303212544/http://www.endangeredspecieshandbook.org/persecution_seals.php |date=2016-03-03 }} |title=Seals and Sea Lions Endangered Species Handbook |Endangeredspecieshandbook.org|&lt;/ref&gt;

== Stair ==
=== An seansaol ===
Thug na Féinícigh, na Gréagaigh agus na Cartagaigh cuairt ar na hOileáin. Dúirt Plinias Mór (1 AD) go bhfaca na Cartagaigh foirgnimh mhóra ann, cé nach raibh beo ná ceo le feiceáil.&lt;ref&gt;Galindo, Juan de Abreu: ''The History of the Discovery and Conquest of the Canary Islands'', Adamant Media Corporation, lch 173 ISBN 1-4021-7269-9&lt;/ref&gt; Deirtear gurb é Rí Juba II a tháinig ar na hoileáin ina dhiaidh sin.&lt;ref&gt; http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=17910: C.Michael Hogan, ''Chellah, The Megalithic Portal'', Andy Burnham, eag., Megalithic.co.uk&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Íomhá:AlonsoFernandezdeLugo2.JPG|thumb|left|Alonso Fernández de Lugo ag tabhairt thaoisigh Tenerife ina gcimí i láthair Ferdinand agus Isabella.]]
Nuair a bhí Eorpaigh ag taiscéaladh na n-oileán bhuail siad lena lán pobail bhundúchasacha a raibh uirlisí Neoiliteacha á n-úsáid acu. Cuireann anailís theangeolaíocha agus ghéiniteach in iúl go raibh baint ag cuid de na daoine úd le Beirbearaigh thuaisceart na hAfraice.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/oldwrld/colonists/canary.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013124301/http://ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/oldwrld/colonists/canary.html |date=2007-10-13 }} Old World Contacts/Colonists/Canary Islands&lt;/ref&gt; Thugtaí ''Guanches'' orthu. 

Deirtear gur thug na hArabaigh cuairt ar na hoileán sa 10ú haois. Ón 14ú haois amach bhí daoine ag teacht ón bPortaingéil, ó Mhajorca agus ó Ghenoa, agus bhunaigh lucht Majorca misean ann in éineacht le heaspagóideacht, rud a mhair ón mbliain 1350 go dtí an bhliain 1400. 

Sa bhliain [[1402]], tháinig na hOileáin faoi smacht na Spáinneach, a bhuíochas sin ar Juan de Bethencourt agus ar Gadifer de la Salle, eachtránaithe Francacha. Go dtí Oileán Lanzarote a tháinig siad ar dtús, agus i gceann tamaill ghabh siad Fuerteventura agus Hierro. Gairmeadh Rí na nOileán Canárach de de Béthencourt, cé gur ghlac sé le hAnraí III de Castile mar ardtiarna. Bhunaigh Béthencourt daingean ar oileán Gomera, ach thóg sé tamall air an namhaid a chur faoi chois. B'fhada gur éirigh leis na coilínigh bunmhuintir na n-oileán a chloí ar fad. Idir na blianta [[1448]] agus [[1459]] bhí an Spáinn agus [[an Phortaingéil]] in adharca a chéile. Dhíol Mariot de Béthencourt Lanzarote leis an bPortaingéil, rud nár thaitin leis na Guanches ná leis na coilínigh, agus cuireadh na Portaingéalaigh as seilbh.

=== Tar éis na hoileáin a ghabháil ===

Thug na Caistíligh geilleagar aon bharra isteach: [[siúcra]] ar dtús, ansin [[fíon]] - earra a raibh éileamh air i [[Sasana]]. Cuireadh forais riaracháin ar bun: bhí gobharnóir ag Gran Canaria (coilíneacht de chuid na Caistíle ón mbliain 1480 agus de chuid na Spáinne ón mbliain 1556) agus gobharnóir eile ag Ternerife (áit a bhí ina coilíneacht ón mbliain 1495). 

Tháinig rath ar chuid de phobal na n-oileán. Sa 16ú haois agus ina dhiaidh sin sheasadh longa maoine na Spáinne sna hOiléain agus iad ag tarraingt ar Mheiriceá le cúnamh na gaoithe anoir.&lt;ref&gt;http://matiascallone.blogspot.com/2009/07/cualquier-cosa-que-flote-arrojada-al.html |title=ViSioN BeTa: “Cualquier cosa que flote arrojada al mar desde Canarias, llegará a América” |Matiascallone.blogspot.com &lt;/ref&gt;D'éirigh Santa Cruz de Tenerife agus Las Palmas de Gran Canaria saibhir; tháinig ceannaithe agus tógadh páláis agus teampaill ar Oileán La Palma, cé gur mheall an saibhreas foghlaithe mara ó thuaisceart na hAfraice agus foghlaithe ceadúnaithe.

=== Dhá bhua ===
[[Íomhá:Canary Islands map by William Dampier 1699 - Project Gutenberg eText 15675.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Léarscáileanna de na hOileáin Chanáracha a rinne [[William Dampier]] sa bhliain 1699.]]
D'ionsaigh na hOllannaigh Las Palmas le cabhlach ceithre long is seachtó agus dhá mhíle dhéag fear sa bhliain 1599 le linn Chogadh Neamhspleáchais na hOllainne. Ghabh siad daingean na cathrach agus theip orthu an chathair féin a ghabháil. D'imshuigh siad Las Palmas agus chreach siad na hoileáin, ach d'éirigh siad as an léigear faoi dheireadh. 

Dhá chéad bliain ina dhiaidh sin, sa bhliain 1797, d'ionsaigh cabhlach Briotanach faoi cheannas [[Horatio Nelson]] Santa Cruz de Tenerife. Ruaigeadh na Briotanaigh (agus chaill Nelson a ghéag dheas). 

=== An 19ú haois ===

Theip ar thionscal siúcra na n-oileán sa 19ú haois de bharr iomaíocht choilíneachtaí Meiriceánacha na Spáinne. Is éard a neartaigh an geilleagar áitiúil arís saothrú na carnaide. 

Mar sin féin, thug na mílte a n-aghaidh ar an dá Mheiriceá agus ar thíortha eile i ndeireadh an 19ú haois agus sa chéad leath den 20ú haois. Bhí siad ag leanúint oileánach eile a bhí ag déanamh ar limistéir i Meiriceá na Spáinne faoi dheireadh an 18ú haois.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.personal.psu.edu/users/j/m/jml34/Canary.htm|www.personal.psu.edu{{Dead link|date=Deireadh Fómhair 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} &quot;The Spanish of the Canary Islands&quot; |Personal.psu.edu&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== An 20ú haois ===

Sa bhliain [[1936]] tháinig [[Francisco Franco]] go dtí na hOileáin Chanáracha mar cheannasaí míleata, agus bhain sé feidhm astu mar bhunáit chun tús a chur le [[Cogadh Cathartha na Spáinne]] ar 17 Iúil 1936. Chuir scata ina choinne ar Oileán La Palma agus i Vallehermoso ar Oileán Gomera. Imríodh díoltas fíochmhar ar na heasaontóirí i ndiaidh an chogaidh. 

Tháinig borradh faoin bhfreasúra ó na caogaidí amach, agus tar éis bhás Franco tháinig ré nua dhaonlathach. 

== Rialtas ==

Tá trí shuíochán déag ag na hOileáin i Seanad na Spáinne. Déantar aon Fheisire dhéag a thoghadh go díreach agus déanann an Rialtas Féinrialaithe beirt eile a thoghadh go hindíreach. 
&lt;ref&gt;http://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/organizacion/estructura.jsf|Gobierno de Canarias&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Íomhá:Santa Cruz Parlamento de Canarias (fcm).jpg|thumb|Parlaimint na nOileán Canárach ([[Santa Cruz de Tenerife]])]]
Tar éis gur cuireadh monarcacht bunreachtúil daonlathach ar bun sa Spáinn bronnadh féinrialú ar an hOileáin sa bhliain 1982, agus sa bhliain 1983 cuireadh na chéad toghcháin fhéinrialacha ar siúl. Bhuaigh Páirtí Sóisialach Oibrithe na Spáinne (PSOE). Sna toghcháin is déanaí (2007) fuair an PSOE an chuid is mó de na suíocháin mar pháirtí, ach tháinig an Comhcheangal Canárach, dream náisiúnaíoch, agus Páirtí an Phobail (PP), coimeádaigh, i réim mar chomhrialtas.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.parcan.es/|Suíomh {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126060649/https://www.parcan.es/%7CSu%C3%ADomh |date=2020-11-26 }} Pharlaimint na nOileán Canárach&lt;/ref&gt;

== Daonra ==
Bhí 2,098,593 duine ina gcónaí sna hOileáin sa bhliain 2009.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/istac/estadisticas/php/saltarA.php?mid=/istac/estadisticas/territorio_ambiente/area_01_frame.html |Estadísticas de la Comunidad Autónoma de Canarias |Gobiernodecanarias.org&lt;/ref&gt; I measc na ndaoine sin tá inimircigh ón Spáinn (agus Gailísigh, Caistíligh, Catalónaigh agus Bascaigh san áireamh), in éineacht le Portaingéalaigh, Iodálaigh, Pléimeannaigh agus Briotanaigh. Tá 1,799,373 duine den daonra ina Spáinnigh. 

== Creideamh ==
Tá formhór mór na gCanárach ina gCaitlicigh. Tá dhá dheoise ann agus [[easpag]] i gceannas ar gach ceann acu. 

Tá Protastúnaigh ó Thuaisceart Eorpa ann freisin, agus Moslamaigh ón Afraic. Tá athbhunaitheoirí [[Críostaí]] ann ar nós [http://www.sud.org.es/ The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]. Tá a lán Hiondúch ann, agus go fiú Eaglais an Phobail Guanche, creideamh nua-Phágánach. 

== Geilleagar ==
Is í an turasóireacht an chuid is mó den gheilleagar: 32% den [[olltáirgeacht intíre]] (OI). Tagann timpeall 10 milliún turasóir in aghaidh an bliana. 

Baineann beagnach 20% den OI leis an tógáil, agus onnmharaítear barra trópaiceacha ar nós bananaí agus tobac chun na hEorpa agus Meiriceá. Tá eagla ar éiceolaithe go bhfuil an iomarca úsáide á bhaint as acmhainní nádúrtha, go háirithe sna hoileáin is tuire.

[[Íomhá:Fachada Aeropuerto de Gran Canaria.JPG|thumb|Aerphort Gran Canaria.]]

== Iompar ==
Tá ocht n-aerfort sna hOileáin agus dhá cheann de na calaí is mó sa Spáinn. Tá mórán bóithre ann.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.multimap.de/world/ES/Canary_Islands |teideal=Canary Islands road map: Spain - Multimap |3=Multimap.de |dátarochtana=2010-11-19 |archivedate=2013-08-18 |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130818182912/http://www.multimap.de/world/ES/Canary_Islands }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tá a lán báid farantóireachta ann a théann ó oileán go hoileán. Tá cuid díobh measartha luath (ag déanamh os cionn tríocha muirmhíle san uair) agus ní dhéanann cuid eile ach timpeall fiche muirmhíle. B'fhéidir go leanfadh an gnáth-thuras idir La Palma agus Tenerife ocht n-uair an chloig nó os a chionn, ach ní thógfadh a leithéid ach timpeall dhá uair go leith ar bhád luath. 

Thosaigh Tram Tenerife sa bhliain 2007. Is í an t-aon tram amháin sna hOileáin í agus téann sí idir Santa Cruz de Tenerife agus San Cristóbal de La Laguna. Táthar chun trí [+bealaí tram eile a thógáil, beirt in Tenerife agus ceann in Gran Canaria.

== Creideamh ==
[[Íomhá:Tenerife.candelaria.exterior.basilica.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Baisleac Mhuire na Candelaria]] ([[Tenerife]]).]]
Mar a tharla an chuid eile de na Spáinne é, na hOileáin Chanáracha sochaí den chuid is mó [[Críostaí]], den chuid is mó [[Eaglais Chaitliceach Rómhánach|Chaitliceach Rómhánach]]. Mar sin féin, An bhfuil na sreabha imirce méadú (turasóireacht, inimirce, etc.) chun cur le líon na n-leanúna na reiligiúin eile chun teacht le chéile ar na hoileáin, mar Muslims, Hindus, etc. 

Tá sé tábhachtach béim a chur ar an cult an Mhaighdean na Candelaria, an Naomh Pátrún na hOileáin Chanáracha, i Tenerife. A mheallann gach bliain níos mó ná 2.5 milliún duine a thugann cuairt ar a baisleac.

== Tíreolas ==

Ag seo na hoileáin agus a gcuid bpríomhchathracha:


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Oileán!![[Bratach]]!![[Armas]]!!Bardais!![[Príomhchathar]]!![[Achar]] (cm²)!![[Daonra]] (2016)&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
|-
|align=&quot;left&quot;|[[El Hierro]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Íomhá:Flag of El Hierro with CoA.svg|50px]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Íomhá:Escudo de El Hierro.svg|30px]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|3
|align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Valverde (El Hierro)|Valverde]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|268.71
|align=&quot;center&quot;|10,587
|-
|align=&quot;left&quot;|[[Fuerteventura]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Íomhá:Flag of Fuerteventura.svg|50px]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Íomhá:Escudo de Fuerteventura.svg|30px]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|6
|align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Puerto del Rosario]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|1,665.74
|align=&quot;center&quot;|107,521
|-
|align=&quot;left&quot;| [[Gran Canaria]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Íomhá:Flag of Gran Canaria.svg|50px]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Íomhá:Escudo de Gran Canaria.svg|30px]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|21
|align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Las Palmas de Gran Canaria]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|1,560.10
|align=&quot;center&quot;|845,195
|-
|align=&quot;left&quot;|[[La Gomera]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Íomhá:Flag of La Gomera.svg|50px]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Íomhá:Escudo de La Gomera.svg|30px]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|6
|align=&quot;center&quot;|[[San Sebastián de La Gomera]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|369.76
|align=&quot;center&quot;|20,940
|-
|align=&quot;left&quot;| [[Lanzarote]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Íomhá:Flag of Lanzarote.svg|50px]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Íomhá:Escudo de Lanzarote.svg|30px]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|7
|align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Arrecife]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|888.07
|align=&quot;center&quot;|145,084
|-
|align=&quot;left&quot;| [[La Palma]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Íomhá:Flag of La Palma with CoA.svg|50px]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Íomhá:Escudo de La Palma.svg|30px]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|14
|align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Santa Cruz de La Palma]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|708.32
|align=&quot;center&quot;|81,486
|-
|align=&quot;left&quot;| [[Tenerife]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Íomhá:Flag of Tenerife.svg|50px]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Íomhá:Escudo de Tenerife.svg|35px]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|31
|align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Santa Cruz de Tenerife]]
|align=&quot;center&quot;|2,034.38
|align=&quot;center&quot;|891,111
|}

== Fiasdhúlra ==

=== Fiadhúlra domhanda ===
[[Íomhá:Gomera.jpg|thumb|[[Laurisilva]] (foraois bhogthais fothrópaiceach) i bPáirc Náisiúnta Garajonay in Oileán La Gomera.]]
[[Íomhá:Bay_near_masca.jpg|mion|Masca, [[Tenerife]].]]

Tá speicis éan ann ón Afraic agus ón Eoraip ar nós na Gaineamhchirce Tarrdhuibhe, agus mórán ''taxa'' áitiúla:

* Canáraí
* Graja (in La Palma)
* Rí Gorm (in Tenerife agus in Gran Canaria)
* Tiuf-tiaf Canárach
* Caislín Fuerteventura
* Cíorbhuí Tenerife
* Rí Rua La Palma
* Bultúr Éigipteach Canárach
* Colúr Bolle
* Colúr Labhrais
* Colúr Trocaz
* Gabhlán
* Clamhán Houbara

Tá Gearg an nOileán Canárach, an Ghealóg Chosfhada agus Tiuf-tiaf na nOileán Canárach Oirthearach imithe in éag. 

Tá geiceonna ann mar Gheiceo Riabhach na nOileán, laghairtí ballaí, agus trí speiceas ar thángthas orthu arís le déanaí agus atá i gcontúirt mhór: Oll-Laghairt Oileán El Hierro, Oll-Laghairt Oileán La Gomera agus Oll-Laghairt Oileán La Palma. 

I measc na mamach tá an Dallóg Chanárach, an Sciathán Leathair Cluasmhór Canárach, an Ghráinneog Ailgéarach (ainmhí a tugadh isteach, b'fhéidir) agus an chaora mouflon, ainmhí a tugadh isteach níos déanaí. D'imigh an Luch Laibhe, Oll-Fhrancach Oileán Gran Canaria agus Oll-Fhrancach Tenerife in éag.

=== Fiadhúlra mara ===
[[Íomhá:Caretta caretta 060417w2.jpg|thumb|Turtar Ceannramhar.]]
Tá speicis áitiúla agus speicis ón Aigéan Atlantach agus ón Meánmhuir le fáil timpeall na nOileán. Ina measc tá an Siorca, an Roc, an Eascann, an Garbhánach, an Liús, an Scairpiasc, an Garúpach, an Mac Siobháin, an tIasc Truicir agus an Ceannruán. Tá speicis gan cnámh droma ann freisin - an Spúinse, an Smugairle Róin, an Anamóine, an Portán, an tIasc Sliogánach, an Ghráinneog Trá, an Chrosóg Mhara, an Súmaire Cladaigh agus coiréal. 

Feictear cúig speiceas turtar mara, go háirithe an Turtar Ceannramhar.&lt;ref&gt;Groombridge, Brian agus Wright, Lissie (1982), ''The IUCN Amphibia-reptilia Red Data Book'', IUCN ISBN 978-2-88032-601-2&lt;/ref&gt; Is iad na cinn eile an Turtar Glas, an Turtar Frithghobach, an Turtar Droimleathair Turtar Ridley Kemp. Ní fheictear ag síolrú sna hOileáin anois iad ach b'fhéidir go síolraídís ann fadó. 

Tá an Píolótach Gearreiteach, an Deilf Choiteann agus an Deilf Bholgshrónach le feiceáil timpeall na Oileán.

== Páirceanna náisiúnta ==

Tá ceithre pháirc náisiúnta ann. Suímh Oidhreachta Domhanda dhá cheann acu agus Anaclann Dhomhanda Bhithsféarach an dá cheann eile.&lt;ref&gt;http://pueblos10.com/parques-nacionales/canarias {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090307044831/http://pueblos10.com/parques-nacionales/canarias |date=2009-03-07 }} |Parques Nacionales de Canarias |Pueblos10.com |&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nótaí ==
{{reflist}}

== Féach freisin ==
* Alfred Crosby, ''Ecological Imperialism: The Biological Expansion of Europe, 900-1900'' (Cambridge University Press) ISBN 0-521-45690-8
* Felipe Fernández-Armesto, ''The Canary Islands after the Conquest: The Making of a Colonial Society in the Early-Sixteenth Century'', Oxford U. Press, 1982. ISBN 978-0-19-821888-3; ISBN 0-19-821888-5
* Sergio Hanquet, ''Diving in Canaries'', Litografía A. ROMERO, 2001. ISBN 84-932195-0-9
* Martin Wiemers: ''The butterflies of the Canary Islands. - A survey on their distribution, biology and ecology (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea)'' - Linneana Belgica 15 (1995): 63-84 &amp; 87–118 [http://www.univie.ac.at/population-ecology/people/mw/wiemers_1995.pdf pdf] 

{{comhphobail fhéinrialaitheacha na Spáinne}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Oileáin Chanáracha, Na h}}
[[Catagóir:Comhphobail fhéinrialaitheacha na Spáinne|Chanáracha, Na hOileáin]]
[[Catagóir:Na hOileáin Chanáracha|!]]</text>
      <sha1>iv07l43kuwwtwoin8mft7giqpydenkj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Poblacht Shacha</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14854</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328828</id>
      <parentid>1320418</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-28T01:10:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>47196</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>1328828</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="19915" sha1="gllhtkdj4a5q1qvr54mjdf2py7siqlx" xml:space="preserve">{{WD Bosca Geografaíocht Pholaitiúil}}
[[Íomhá:Sakha Yakutia rep.png|thumb]]Poblacht de chuid [[Cónaidhm na Rúise|Chónaidhm na Rúise]] is ea '''Poblacht Shacha''' ([[Rúisis]]: Республика Саха (Якутия), Sachais/Iacúitis: Саха Өрөспүүбүлүкэтэ/Sakha Öröspüübülükete). In 2010 bhí daonra 958,528 duine aici, a raibh a bhformhór ina nIacútaigh agus ina Rúisigh.

Tá sí ar an limistéar féinrialaithe fo-náisiúnach is mó ar domhan agus méid 3,083,523 ciliméadar cearnach inti. Is é Yakutsk an [[Príomhchathair|phríomhchathair]]. Tá [[aeráid]] dhian ag an bpoblacht agus na teochtaí is ísle sa leathsféar thuaidh taifeadta i gcuid de na cathracha. Tá meánteocht gheimhridh Yakutsk faoi bhun 35 °C.&lt;ref name=&quot;area&quot;&gt;[http://www.gks.ru/bgd/free/b10_107/IssWWW.exe/Stg//%3Cextid%3E/%3Cstoragepath%3E::%7Ctab1-01-09.xls Rosstat (Russian Statistical Service), 2010] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018030426/http://www.gks.ru/bgd/free/b10_107/IssWWW.exe/Stg//%3Cextid%3E/%3Cstoragepath%3E::%7Ctab1-01-09.xls|date=October 18, 2012}} (xls). Léite ar an 15 Meitheamh 2012.&lt;/ref&gt;   

Bíonn an samhradh an-te i gcuid mhór den phoblacht de thoradh na gclaontaí hipir-ilchríochacha. 

==Geografaíocht==

[[File:Sakha Republic Fauna.jpg|thumb|Fána de chuid Phoblacht Shacha: faoileán Ross, corr mhóna Shibéarach, béar bán, capall agus réinfhia. Mionleathanach stampaí poist ón Rúis, 2006.]]

Tá an phoblacht ag síneadh chomh fada ó thuaidh le hOileán Henrietta agus í ag críochantacht leis an Aigéan Artach. Faoi láthair bíonn an fharraige sin faoi [[oighear]] ar feadh idir naoi agus deich mí. 

Tá an phoblacht roinnte ina trí chrios mhóra fásra. Tá timpeall 40% di os cionn an chiorcail Artaigh agus an chuid sin go léir ina talamh síorshioctha, rud a bhfuil tionchar mór aige ar éiceolaíocht an réigiúin. Tundra Artach agus fo-Artach is ea an réigiún láir agus é faoi chaonach agus léicean ar fad, an bia is ansa leis na réinfhianna. Sa chuid theas den tundra tá garráin mhionphéine Sibéirigh agus learóg feadh na n-aibhneacha. Laisteas den tundra tá coillte móra. Learóga is coitianta sa tuaisceart agus tá garráin ghiúise agus phéine sa deisceart. Tá beagnach 47% den phoblacht faoi choillte agus learóga is ea beagnach 90% de na crainn. 

Tá an iliomad aibhneacha, lochanna agus oileán sa phoblacht.   

[[File:120 На стоянке в устье реки Ура.jpg|thumb|Abhainn na hUra.]]
[[File:Olyokma river.jpg|thumb|Abhainn na hOlyokma.]]

===Acmhainní nádúrtha===

Tá mórán acmhainní nádúrtha sa phoblacht. Orthu sin tá ola, gás, gual, diamaint, ór, airgead, stán agus tungstan. Soláthraíonn an phoblacht 90% de dhiamaint Rúiseacha agus os cionn 25% de na diamaint a bhaintear sa domhan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Yakovleva|first1=Natalia P.|teideal=Natural resource use in the Russian North: a case study of diamond mining in the Republic of Sakha|journal=Environmental Management and Health|date=2000|volume=11|issue=4|pages=318–336|doi=10.1108/09566160010372743|url=https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/09566160010372743|accessdate=18 March 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Bohlen|first1=Celestine|teideal=Poor Region in Russia Lays Claim to Its Diamonds|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/11/01/world/poor-region-in-russia-lays-claim-to-its-diamonds.html|accessdate=18 March 2018|work=New York Times|date=1992}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

===Réamhstair===

Tá tábhacht phailé-ointeolaíoch leis an tSibéir agus go háirithe leis an Iacúitia sa mhéid gur sa réigiún sin a thángthas trasna ar ainmhithe ón sealad Pléisticéineach a bhí caomhnaithe ag an oighear nó i dtalamh síorshioctha. Fuarthas coileáin leon uaimhe, mamait lomracha, srónbheannach lomrach, capaill agus buabhaill.&lt;ref name=Thesiberiantimes2015&gt;{{Cite web|teideal = Meet this extinct cave lion, at least 10,000 years old – world exclusive|url = http://siberiantimes.com/science/others/news/n0464-meet-this-extinct-cave-lion-at-least-10000-years-old/|website = siberiantimes.com|accessdate = January 30, 2016|dátarochtana = Márta 9, 2019|archivedate = Aibreán 17, 2019|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190417074356/http://siberiantimes.com/science/others/news/n0464-meet-this-extinct-cave-lion-at-least-10000-years-old/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Cultúr [[Neoiliteach]] Déanach sa tSibéir ba ea an cultúr Ymyakhtakh (c. 2200–1300 RCh) agus tá a chuid iarsmaí le fáil go forleathan. Thosaigh sé in Sacha agus leathnaigh soir agus siar.&lt;ref&gt;Kicki Näslund, [https://www.academia.edu/10336011/ Short summary of Siberian pre-history and cultures] – Academia.edu&lt;/ref&gt;

===Stair luath===
Is dócha gur lonnaigh pobal Sachach nó “Iacútaigh” sa réigiún sa 13ú haois agus sa 14ú haois tar éis dóibh teacht aneas ó [[Loch Baikal]] go dtí lár abhainn na Lena. As sin d’imigh siad siar agus siar ó thuaidh de réir a chéile agus a n-aghaidh ar an Aigéan Artach.  
Bunús Tuirciceach atá leis an ainm “Sacha,” focal a thagann ó &quot;saqa-saha&quot; nó bata. Bunús Tuirciceach atá le “Iacúit” freisin, ós leagan truaillithe é de ''zhaqut – yakut'' nó cloch lómhar. Rúibín atá i gceist. 

Thug na Sachaigh tréadachas Lár-Áiseach isteach leo agus iad ag easáitiú na n-aoirí réinfhianna agus na sealgairí a bhí rompu ann, dreamanna a bhí i bhfad níos lú. Bhí na Pailé-Shibéaraigh agus na Tungusaigh, pobail dhúchais, comhtháthaithe leis na Sachaigh faoin 17ú haois.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/resources/rfn/sakha.html |teideal=Scott Polar Research Institute — Republic of Sakha|publisher=Spri.cam.ac.uk|date=|accessdate=February 25, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Concas Rúiseach==

Thosaigh an Rúis ag gabháil an réigiúin sa 17ú haois. Bhronn Tygyn, taoiseach Iacútach, talamh ar na Rúisigh i gcomhair áit lonnaithe mar mhalairt ar chomhaontú míleata a bheadh cogadh i gcoinne reibiliúnaigh dhúchasacha san Áise Thoir Thuaidh mar chuid de. 

[[File:Map of Yakut oblast.jpg|thumb|right|Léarscáil Yakutsk Oblast 1821.]]

In 1638 bhunaigh an rialtas i Moscó líomatáiste riaracháin nua a bhí le rialú ag Lensky Ostrog, daingean a chuir Pyotr Beketov ar bun in 1632 agus a ndéanfai cathair Yakutsk de le himeacht aimsire. Is dócha gur sa 17ú haois a bhain lonnaitheoirí Rúiseacha amach Russkoye Ustye, áit iargúlta i ndeilt thuaisceartach Indigirka.&lt;ref&gt;А. И. Гоголев. &quot;История Якутии: (Обзор исторических событий до начала ХХ в.)&quot;. (A. I. Gogolev. [http://www.ysu.ru/facultet/kfi/books/HistoryOfYakutiya.htm Stair na hIacúite: Athbhreithniú ar imeachtaí stairiúla siar go tús an fichiú haois.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050527010736/http://www.ysu.ru/facultet/kfi/books/HistoryOfYakutiya.htm |date=May 27, 2005 }}) Yakutsk, 1999.&lt;/ref&gt; Bunaíodh Gobharnóireacht na Sibéire mar chuid d’Impireacht na Rúise in 1708.

[[File:Станчиковая церковь.jpg|thumb|Eaglais in Russkoye Ustye]]

Thosaigh lonnaitheoirí Rúiseacha ag bunú pobail sa réigiún san 18ú haois. Ghlac siad chucu nósanna Iacútacha áirithe agus thugtaí “Yakutyane&quot; (Якутя́не) orthu nó “bunlonnaitheoirí Lena” (ленские старожилы). Ach bhí siad comhshamhlaithe ag slua Rúiseach eile faoin bhfichiú haois.

==Impireacht na Rúise==

Rinne leasú riaracháin in 1782 agus bunaíodh Gobharnóireacht Irkutsk. In 1805 scaradh Yakutsk Oblast ón ngobharnóireacht. Sa chéad chuid den 19ú haois ba é Yakutsk Oblast an chríoch ab oirthearaí d’Impireacht na Rúise. Bunaíodh Primorskaya Oblast in 1856 agus dealaíodh críocha Rúiseacha an Aigéin Chiúin ón Iacúit.

[[File:Члены Сибирской областной Думы 1917.jpeg|thumb|clé|Baill de Dhúma (oireachtas) Réigiúnach na Sibéire ó Yakutsk, 1917.]]
Chuir na Rúisigh feirmeoireacht ar siúl in abhantrach na Lena. Grúpaí reiligiúnacha a díbríodh go Sacha sa dara cuid den 19u haois thosaigh siad ag cur cruithneachta, coirce agus prátaí. Lean úsáid airgid thirim gnó an fhionnaidh. Cuireadh dlús le tionsclaíocht agus le hiompar i ndeireadh an 19ú haois agus i dtús na tréimhse Sóivéadaí. Cuireadh tús le sirtheoireacht gheolaíoch, mianadóireacht agus déantús na luaidhe, agus tháinig na chéad ghaltáin agus báirsí. 

Bhí an Iacúit an-iargúlta agus sin é an fáth a gcuireadh rialtas an tSáir agus an rialtas Cumannach ionnarbthaigh ann. 

===An ré Shoivéadach===

Ar an 27 Aibreán 1922 fógraíodh Yakust Oblast mar Phoblacht Fhéinrialaitheach Shoivéadach Shóisialach na hIacúite, cé go raibh oirthear na críche, agus cathair Yakutsk san áireamh, faoi smacht na Rúiseach Bán. In 1992, i ndiaidh thitim an Aontais Shóivéadaigh, aithníodh an Iacúit mar Phoblacht Shacha (na hIacúite) faoi dhlínse na Cónaidhme Rúisí.  Tá an Iacúit ina cuid den tSibéir Rúiseach ó thaobh na staire de, ach tá sí ina cuid den Chianoirthear Rúiseach mar líomatáiste riaracháin ó bunaíodh an Dúiche Chianoirthearach Fheidearálach in 2000.

===Teangacha===

Is iad na teangacha oifigiúla an Rúisis agus an tSachais (a dtugtar Iacúitis uirthi freisin). Tá Sachais á labhairt ag tuairim is 40% den phobal. Baineann an tSachais leis an bhfine theangeolaíoch Thuirciceach.

===Reiligiún===

Sular tháinig Impireacht na Rúise i réim, chreid an chuid is mó de mhuintir na háite sa [[Teingreachas]], mar a rinne pobail Thuirciceacha eile na hÁise Láir, nó sa seamanachas dúchasach lena chuid [[seaman]] “geal” (a threoraigh an pobal) agus seaman “dorcha” (a leigheas daoine trí thuras spioraid). Ar theacht na Rúiseach rinneadh baill d’Eaglais Cheartchreidmheach na Rúise de mhuintir na háite agus tugadh orthu ainmneacha Críostaí a thabhairt orthu féin, ach lean mórán acu orthu ag cleachtadh na seanreiligiún. Le linn an rialtais Shóivéadaigh d’imigh na seamain agus fágadh mórán acu gan chomharba.   

Sna 1990í bhunaigh an t-iriseoir conspóideach Ivan Ukhkhan agus focleolaí a thugadh Téris air féin seamanachas nuaphágánach a tugadh ''aiyy yeurekhé'' air.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/rss/28-1_113.pdf Yakutia (Sakha) Faces a Religious Choice: Shamanism or Christianity]&lt;/ref&gt; Chuaigh an grúpa seo agus grúpaí eile i gcomhar le chéile in 2002 chun teampall seamanach a thógáil i ngnócheantar Yakutsk.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/rss/33-1_057.pdf Whose Steeple is Higher? Religious Competition in Siberia]&lt;/ref&gt;

In 2008 dúirt ceannairí Ceartchreidmheacha go raibh bundúchasaigh na poblachta (nó an chuid díobh a raibh suim éigin acu i gcúrsaí reiligiúin) dílis do chreideamh “déach” nó go raibh claonadh chun an tsincréiteachais acu. Thabharfadh muintire na háite seaman isteach ar dtús agus ansin sagart chun deasghnách a dhéanamh i ngeall ar imeacht éigin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.taday.ru/text/135461.html
|teideal =В Якутии господствует двоеверие (Ч. 1) (San Iacúit tá creideamh déach faoi réim)|údar=Елена Дятлова (Yelena Dyatlova)
|date=1 Deireadh Fómhar 2008
|quote=Во многих случаях нам говорили, что при совершении тех или иных обрядов или просто действий приглашают сначала шамана, потом священника. Правда, именно в таком порядке, признавая христианство чем-то высшим по отношению к местной магической языческой традиции, но это соединяя. Даже среди тех представителей якутской интеллигенции, с которыми мы общались, это стремление к синкретизму было отчетливо приметно. (Dúradh linn, agus deasghnátha éigin nó bearta ar siúl i ngeall ar a lán gnóthaí, go gcuirtear cuireadh chun seasmain ar dtús agus ansin chun sagairt. Is fíor, de réir an oird seo, go n-aithnítear go bhfuil an Chríostaíocht níos airde ná traidisiúin phágánacha dhraíochtacha áitiúla, ach seo nasc eatarthu. Go fiú i measc na n-intleachtóirí iatúcacha a rabhamar ag caint leo, bhí an claonadh seo chun sincréiteachais le haithint go soiléir.)     
}} (Agallamh le Maxim Kozlov, sagart ó Mhoscó a bhí tar éis filleadh ó thuras misinéireachta síos abhainn na Lena i dteannta Easpag Yakutsk).&lt;/ref&gt;

De réir an Lárionaid Eolais faoi Uachtarán Phoblacht Shacha (na hIacúite), (Информационный центр при Президенте РС(Я)), bhí déimeagrafaíocht reiligiunach an poblachta mar a leanas:&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.religare.ru/2_43720.html |teideal=РЕЛИГАРЕ – Современная религиозная ситуация в Республике Саха (Якутия): проблемы и перспективы |publisher=Religare.ru |date= |accessdate=February 25, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Eaglais Cheartchreidmheach na Rúise]]: 44.9%, Seamanachas: 26.2%, Gan religiún: 23.0%, Religiúin nua: 2.4%, Ioslamachas: 1.2%, Búdachas: 1.0%, Protastúnachas: 0.9%, Caitliceachas: 0.4%.

De réir suirbhé a rinneadh in 2012,&lt;ref name=&quot;2012ArenaAtlas&quot;&gt;[http://sreda.org/en/arena &quot;Arena: Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171206100344/http://sreda.org/en/arena |date=2017-12-06 }}. Sreda, 2012.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;2012Arena-religion-maps&quot;&gt;[http://c2.kommersant.ru/ISSUES.PHOTO/OGONIOK/2012/034/ogcyhjk2.jpg 2012 Arena Atlas Religion Maps]. &quot;Ogonek&quot;, № 34 (5243), 27/08/2012. Retrieved 21/04/2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170421154615/http://c2.kommersant.ru/ISSUES.PHOTO/OGONIOK/2012/034/ogcyhjk2.jpg Archived].&lt;/ref&gt; baineann 37.8% den phobal le hEaglais Cheartchreidmheach na Rúise, 13% le Teingreachas nó seamanachas Iacútach, 2% leis an Ioslamachas, 1% le Críostaíocht gan eaglais, 1% le cineálacha Protastúnachais, agus 0.4% le Búdachas Tibéadach. Dúirt 26% gurbh aindiachaithe iad, dúirt 17% go raibh siad sáite sa spioradáltacht seachas sa reiligiún, agus dúirt 1.8% gur bhain siad le reiligiúin eile nó níor thug siad freagra ar an gceist.&lt;ref name=&quot;2012ArenaAtlas&quot;/&gt;
{{clear}}

==Polaitíocht==

[[File:Russia Day in Mirny, Sakha Republic 20.JPG|thumb|Lá na Rúise á cheiliúradh in Mirny, Poblacht Shacha, 12 Bealtaine 2014.]]

Tugtar an Ceann ar cheann an Rialtais, cé go dtugtaí an tUachtarán air. Bhí Mikhail Yefimovich Nikolayev ar an gcéad cheann de Phoblacht Shacha. Tá Yegor Borisov ina Cheann ón mbliain 2010 i leith, agus tá Yevgeniya Mikhaylova mar Thánaiste aige. 
Is é Il Tumen, comhthionól aon seomra reachtaigh, an foras reachtaíochta is airde sa phoblacht. 

Cothaíonn an phoblacht caidreamh dlúth leis na stáit neamhspleácha Thuirciceacha i gcúrsaí cultúir, polaitíochta, eacnamaíochta agus tionsclaíochta trína bheith ina ball den Chomhairle Thuirciceach, de Chomhriarachán Tuirciceach na nÉalaíon agus an Chultúir agus d’eagraíochtaí eile.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.todayszaman.com/newsDetail_getNewsById.action?load=detay&amp;newsId=259275&amp;link=259275|teideal=Turkey seeks to institutionalize relations with Turkic republics – Today's Zaman, your gateway to Turkish daily news|publisher=Todayszaman.com|date=October 9, 2011|accessdate=February 25, 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014233821/http://www.todayszaman.com/newsDetail_getNewsById.action?load=detay&amp;newsId=259275&amp;link=259275|archivedate=October 14, 2013|df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín |url=http://www.turkishweekly.net/columnist/3540/turkey-and-the-turkic-republics-is-there-a-new-vision-.html |teideal=Cóip cartlainne |dátarochtana=2019-03-09 |archivedate=2012-01-03 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120103034927/http://www.turkishweekly.net/columnist/3540/turkey-and-the-turkic-republics-is-there-a-new-vision-.html }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.yakutiatoday.com/region/foreign.shtml |teideal=Foreign Relations of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) |publisher=YakutiaToday.Com |date=January 1, 2008|accessdate=February 25, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Geilleagar==
[[File:Gold-tuc1009a.jpg|thumb|Píosa neamhchoitianta óir ó Dhúiche Bulun in abhantrach na Lena. Timpeall sé ghram de mheáchan atá ann.|283x283px]]

Ón tionsclaíocht a thagann an chuid is mó d’olltáirgeacht náisiúnta na Poblachta agus baint mhór aici le tochailt mianraí. Baintear diamaint, ór agus stán, in éineacht le húráiniam. 

Tógann an pobal sachach eallach agus capaill agus tá an pobal dúchasach Pailé-Áiseach ina sealgairí, ina n-iascairí agus ina n-aoirí réinfhianna.

==Iompar==
Ar uisce a iompraítear an chuid is mó de na hearraí. Tá sé chalafort abhann ann agus dhá chalafort mara. Tá ceithre chomhlacht loingis ann agus is í Abhainn na Lena na t-uiscebhealach is gnóthaí. 

Ar eitleáin is mó a iompraítear daoine. Téann aerlínte go dtí an chuid is mó de réigiúin na Rúise agus tá aerfort idirnáisiúnta ag Yakutsk.

Tá dhá bhóthar fheidearálacha ag gabháil tríd an bpoblacht, Bóthar Mór A360 Lena (Yakutsk–Skovorodino) agus Bóthar Mór M56 Kolyma (Yakutsk–Magadan). Ní féidir asfalt a úsáid ar na bóithre de thoradh talamh síorshioctha agus tá na bóithre déanta de chré. Más mór an lán uisce atá caite aige déantar pluda de na bóithre agus is minic taistealaithe sáinnithe dá bharr.&lt;ref&gt;EnglishRussia.com – [http://englishrussia.com/?p=315 ''Russian Roads''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100228131040/http://englishrussia.com/?p=315 |date=2010-02-28 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tá iarnród Berkakit–Tommot curtha ar bun agus é ina nasc idir Príomhlíne Amur Yakutsk agus na lárionaid tionclaíochta theas.

==Oideachas==
Is iad na foras léinn is tábhachtaí Ollscoil Fheidearálach an Oirthuaiscirt agus Acadamh Stáit Feirmeoireachta Yakutsk.

==Cultúr==
In Yakutsk is díol spéise iad an Amharclann Stáit Rúiseach, a ainmníodh as A. S. Pushkin, Amharclann Shacha, a ainmníodh as P. A. Oiyunsky, Amharclann Stáit Acadúil an Cheoldráma agus an Bhailé, a ainmníodh as D. K. Sivtsev, agus Suorun Omoloon (Amharclann na hÓige). 

Tá a lán músaem ann. Orthu sin tá Músaem Náisiúnta Ealaíon Shacha, Músaem an Bhéaloidis agus na Staire, a ainmníodh as E. Yaroslavsky, Músaem Khomus agus Músaem an Talaimh Shíorshioctha. 

==Nótaí==
{{reflist}}

==Naisc Sheachtracha==
* [http://sakha.gov.ru/ Suíomh oifigiúil rialtas Phoblacht Shacha]
* [http://www.sakhalife.ru/ Sakhalife – Scéala] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525023725/http://www.sakhalife.ru/ |date=2021-05-25 }}
* [http://www.sakhaexport.ru/ Suíomh oifigiúil Aireacht Gnóthaí Eachtracha Shacha] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170526143213/http://sakhaexport.ru/ |date=2017-05-26 }}
* [http://doydu.sakhaopenworld.org/ Orto Doydu&amp;nbsp;— Samplaí de cheol, d’amhráin agus d’fhíseáin i Sacha] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170922080409/http://doydu.sakhaopenworld.org/ |date=2017-09-22 }}
* [http://www.kyym.ru/ Kyym&amp;nbsp;— nuachtán seachtainiúil]
* [http://www.yakutia.org/ Yakutia Organized&amp;nbsp;— Cuntais taistil neamhspleácha, blaganna grianghrafanna, eolas]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20121028041101/http://www.ysu.ru/ Suíomh offigiúil Ollscoil Stáit Yakutsk]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050527010736/http://www.ysu.ru/facultet/kfi/books/HistoryOfYakutiya.htm Stair na hIacúite]
* [http://www.yakutiaphoto.com/ An Iacúit trí phictiúir]

[[Catagóir:Ballaonaid Chónaidhm na Rúise]]
[[Catagóir:Poblachtaí]]</text>
      <sha1>gllhtkdj4a5q1qvr54mjdf2py7siqlx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cónocht</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>18431</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328816</id>
      <parentid>1270781</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T22:55:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>TGcoa</username>
        <id>21229</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1328816</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3420" sha1="s5n88wge3grir1gg2doqge29dd202pp" xml:space="preserve">{{WD Bosca Sonraí Imeacht}}
{{Grianstadanna-cónochta}}

[[Íomhá:Equinoxes-solstice EN.svg|mion|clé]]
Ciallaíonn '''cónocht'''&lt;ref&gt;i mBéarla, an ''spring'' ''equinox'' nó ''autumn equinox''&lt;/ref&gt;  go bhfuil an méid céanna dorchadais agus [[solas|solais]] an lae ann, nó go sonrach, aon cheann den dá phointe ar an [[Sféar neamhaí|sféar]] [[Sféar neamhaí|neamhaí]] mar a dtrasnaíonn an t-[[éiclipteach]] an [[meánchiorcal]] neamhaí.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Hussey, Matt - Fréamh an Eolais,  Coiscéim, 2011&lt;/ref&gt;  Ar an lá seo, tá dhá uair an chloig déag de sholas an lae ann agus dhá uair an chloig déag den dorchadas.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Eureka_Irish-12.2.pdf|teideal=Eureka|údar=Cogg|dáta=Imleabhar 12, Eagrán 2 23 Meán Fómhair 2015|dátarochtana=2020|archivedate=2021-05-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517190130/https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Eureka_Irish-12.2.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.jct.ie/perch/resources/science_ga/science-teacher-booklet-cpd-day-1-lg.pdf|teideal=Leabhrán Acmhainní / Eolaíocht  - Lá 1|údar=jct.ie|dátarochtana=2022|archivedate=2022-09-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220921082850/https://www.jct.ie/perch/resources/science_ga/science-teacher-booklet-cpd-day-1-lg.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Íomhá:Seasons msg 2010 11 lrg.webm|mion|clé|Físeán:  Bliain amháin]]
[[Íomhá:Earth from Orbit- Vernal Equinox (NESDIS 2022-03-25 2022 03 24 VernalEquinox TWITTER).webm|clé|mion|Físeán: féach ar an [[solasteorainn]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Terminator (solar)|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminator_(solar)|journal=Wikipedia|date=2024-05-07|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Go fisiciúil, is iad seo na pointí ag a dtrasnaíonn an [[An Ghrian|ghrian]] an meánchiorcal neamhaí ina gluaisne bhliantúil:
* idir [[19 Márta]] agus [[21 Márta]] sa leathsféar thuaidh, ''Cónocht an Earraigh'', nó Lá Leathach an Earraigh, nuair a 'thrasnaíonn' an ghrian an meánchiorcal, 'ag dul' ó thuaidh (tá síneadh 4n+ de sholas an lae gach lá in Éirinn timpeall an ama seo)&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

agus
* idir [[21 Meán Fómhair]] agus [[24 Meán Fómhair]], ''Cónocht an Fhómhair,'' nó &quot;Lá Leathach an Fhómhair&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

[[Íomhá:North season.jpg|mion|clé|An [[tuaisceart]]]]

Ar na laethanta sin, is díreach os cionn an [[Meánchiorcal|mheánchiorcail]] a bhíonn an [[grian|ghrian]]. Titeann an oiread céanna [[solas|solais]] agus teasradaíochta ón ngrian ar an leathchruinne thuaidh is a thiteann ar an leathchruinne theas. Bíonn an lá agus an oíche chomh fada lena chéile - go díreach - ag an am seo.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;Eleathanach Iml 257,  20 Márta 2017&lt;/ref&gt; 

Tógtar cónocht an earraigh mar phointe nialais i gcórais [[Comhordanáidí polacha|comhordanáidí]] neamhaí.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;  &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

== Féach freisin ==

* [[Cónocht an fhómhair]]
* [[Cónocht an earraigh]]
* An [[solasteorainn]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Terminator (solar)|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminator_(solar)|journal=Wikipedia|date=2024-05-07|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* [[Pointe foghréine]]

== Tagairtí ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Catagóir:Am]]
[[Catagóir:Grian]]
[[Catagóir:Féilire]]
[[Catagóir:Séasúir]]
[[Catagóir:Earrach]]
[[Catagóir:Fómhar]]
[[Catagóir:Réalteolaíocht sféarúil]]</text>
      <sha1>s5n88wge3grir1gg2doqge29dd202pp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Sevilla Fútbol Club</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>18712</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328835</id>
      <parentid>1236491</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-28T07:14:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Makenzis</username>
        <id>33766</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1328835</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2157" sha1="e6r5u3jgv5dcfxm78lk0l1l8w2d26fm" xml:space="preserve">{{WD Bosca Sonraí Eagraíochta|escut=Sevilla fc.png}}
{{Club peile bosca eolais 2
| ainm an chlub = Sevilla FC
| ainmsuaitheantas = [[Íomhá:Sevilla fc.png|110px]]
| leasainm = ''Sevillistas'', ''Rojiblancos'', ''Nervionenses''
| pattern_la1 = _tottenham1819h
| pattern_b1 = _sevilla1920h
| pattern_ra1 = _tottenham1819h
| pattern_sh1 = 
| pattern_so1 = _sevilla1920h
| leftarm1 = FFFFFF
| body1 = FFFFFF
| rightarm1 = FFFFFF
| shorts1 = FFFFFF
| socks1 = 121212
| pattern_la2 = _tottenham1819h
| pattern_b2 = _sevilla1920a
| pattern_ra2 = _tottenham1819h
| pattern_sh2 = 
| pattern_so2 = _eng18a
| leftarm2 = FFFFFF
| body2 = FF0000
| rightarm2 = FFFFFF
| shorts2 = FF0000
| socks2 = FF0000
| pattern_la3 = _sfc1920t
| pattern_b3  = _sevilla1920t
| pattern_ra3 = _sfc1920t
| pattern_sh3 = 
| pattern_so3 = _bhafc1819h
| leftarm3    = 0000FF
| body3       = 0000FF
| rightarm3   = 0000FF
| shorts3     = 0000FF
| socks3      = 0000FF
| dathanna = [[Íomhá:Bianco con fascetta Rossa e minore Nera.svg|20px]] [[Bán]] - [[Dearg]]
| cathair = [[Sevilla]]
| tír = {{bratach|Spain}} [[An Spáinn]]
| cónaidhm = [[UEFA]]
| sraith   = [[Primera División de España]]
| bunaithe = 1905
| uachtarán = {{bratach|Spain}} José María del Nido   
| traenálaí = {{bratach|Spain}} ?
| staid = [[Estadio Ramón Sánchez Pizjuán|Ramón Sánchez Pizjuán]]
| acmhainn = 45,500 
| suíomh = www.sevillafc.es
}}

Is club proifisiúnta [[sacar|peile]] í '''Sevilla Fútbol Club''' a imríonn i bpríomhshraith na [[An Spáinn|Spáinne]], an [[Primera División de España|Primera División]]. Bunaíodh an club ar [[14 Deireadh Fómhair]], [[1905]]. Bhí D. José Luis Gallegos mar an chéad uachtaráin ar an chlub. 

Sa bhliain 1890, d'imir an fhoireann a chéad chluiche agus an chéad chluiche oifigiúil sa tír, in aghaidh [[Recreativo Huelva]]. Sa bhliain [[1914]], bhuaigh siad an ''Copa de Sevilla'' (Corn Sevilla). Sa bhliain [[1935]], bhuaigh Sevilla an ''Copa del Rey''. Le déanaí ta an [[Corn UEFA]] buaite acu chomh maith leis an [[Supercorn UEFA]].

{{síol}}

[[Catagóir:Clubanna sacair na Spáinne]]
[[Catagóir:Sevilla]]
[[Catagóir:Andalucía]]</text>
      <sha1>e6r5u3jgv5dcfxm78lk0l1l8w2d26fm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Swan Hill</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>31713</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328829</id>
      <parentid>1328625</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-28T01:54:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>47196</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>1328829</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4712" sha1="oyxhu1ioaci7azenoy5ncegfx8r8dwd" xml:space="preserve">{{WD Bosca Geografaíocht Pholaitiúil|mapa_localitzador=Swan Hill, Victoria.jpg}}
{{glanadh}}
Cathair in iarthuaisceart [[Victoria (stát)|Victoria]], [[an Astráil|san Astráil]] is ea '''Swan Hill''' (Gaeilge: ''Cnoc na nEalaí''). Tá sí suite ar bhruach deisceartach na h[[Abhainn Murray|Abhann Murray]]. De réir Daonáirimh na bliana 2006, bhí 9,684 duine ina gcónaí sa chathair.&lt;ref&gt;'''(Béarla)''' [http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/ABSNavigation/prenav/LocationSearch?collection=Census&amp;period=2006&amp;areacode=UCL250600&amp;producttype=QuickStats&amp;breadcrumb=PL&amp;action=401 &quot;Daonáireamh 2006 'QuickStats' – Swan Hill (Urban Centre/Locality)&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220606034914/http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/ABSNavigation/prenav/LocationSearch?collection=Census |date=2022-06-06 }} {{Lua idirlín |url=http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/ABSNavigation/prenav/LocationSearch?collection=Census |teideal=Cóip cartlainne |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220606034914/http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/ABSNavigation/prenav/LocationSearch?collection=Census |archivedate=2022-06-06 |dátarochtana=2011-01-26}}, Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 Deireadh Fómhair, 2007).&lt;/ref&gt;

== Stair ==
Bunaithe ar fhianaise ó [[Coobool Creek|Choobool Creek]] agus [[Kow Swamp]], dealraíonn sé go raibh daoine [[Bundúchasaigh na hAstráile|Bundúchasacha]] ina gcónaí sa cheantar le 9,000 go 13,000 bliain anuas.&lt;ref&gt;'''(Béarla)''' Peter Brown, [http://www-personal.une.edu.au/~pbrown3/KowS.html &quot;Kow Swamp&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517110233/http://www-personal.une.edu.au/~pbrown3/KowS.html |date=2008-05-17 }}, ''Australian Palaeoanthropology''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;'''(Béarla)''' Peter Brown, [http://www-personal.une.edu.au/~pbrown3/CC.html &quot;Coobool Creek&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130427231550/http://www-personal.une.edu.au/~pbrown3/CC.html |date=2013-04-27 }}, ''Australian Palaeoanthropology''.&lt;/ref&gt; Lonnaigh na daoine [[Wemba-Wemba]] agus [[Wati-Wati]] sa réigiún seo, agus thug na Wemba-Wemba ''‘Matakupaat’'', nó ‘áit na [[platapas|bplatapas]]’ ar Swan Hill.
Thug an dtaiscéalaí [[Thomas Mitchell (taiscéalaí)|Thomas Mitchell]] an t-ainm reatha don áit, nuair a champáil sé ann, ar thaobh chnoic ar an 21 Meitheamh 1836.&lt;ref&gt;'''(Béarla)''' Thomas Mitchell, tp://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/13033 &quot;Three Expeditions into the Interior of Eastern Australia, Vol 2&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt;
:&quot;Among the reeds on the point of ground between the two rivers was a shallow lagoon where swans and other wild fowl so abounded that, although half a mile from our camp, their noise disturbed us through the night. I therefore named this somewhat remarkable and isolated feature Swan Hill, a point which may probably be found to mark the junction of two fine streams.&quot;[4]
== Aeráid ==
{{Bosca Aimsire
| metric_first= Yes
| single_line= Yes
| location=Cnoc na hEala
|Jan_REC_Hi_°C=46.1
|Feb_REC_Hi_°C=43.4
|Mar_REC_Hi_°C=40.0
|Apr_REC_Hi_°C=35.5
|May_REC_Hi_°C=29.5
|Jun_REC_Hi_°C=23.2
|Jul_REC_Hi_°C=26.5
|Aug_REC_Hi_°C=28.6
|Sep_REC_Hi_°C=33.3
|Oct_REC_Hi_°C=38.0
|Nov_REC_Hi_°C=42.6
|Dec_REC_Hi_°C=43.5
|Year_REC_Hi_°C=46.1
|Jan_Hi_°C =31.4
|Feb_Hi_°C =31.2
|Mar_Hi_°C =27.9
|Apr_Hi_°C =22.8
|May_Hi_°C =18.4
|Jun_Hi_°C =14.9
|Jul_Hi_°C =14.4
|Aug_Hi_°C =16.3
|Sep_Hi_°C =19.3
|Oct_Hi_°C =22.9
|Nov_Hi_°C =26.8
|Dec_Hi_°C =29.8
|Year_Hi_°C =23.0
|Jan_Lo_°C =15.4
|Feb_Lo_°C =15.5
|Mar_Lo_°C =13.2
|Apr_Lo_°C =9.8
|May_Lo_°C =7.0 
|Jun_Lo_°C =4.9
|Jul_Lo_°C =4.1
|Aug_Lo_°C =5.0 
|Sep_Lo_°C =6.7
|Oct_Lo_°C =9.0
|Nov_Lo_°C =11.6
|Dec_Lo_°C =13.9
|Year_Lo_°C =9.7
|Jan_REC_Lo_°C =7.0
|Feb_REC_Lo_°C =6.4
|Mar_REC_Lo_°C =4.4
|Apr_REC_Lo_°C =2.5
|May_REC_Lo_°C =0.0
|Jun_REC_Lo_°C =-3.2
|Jul_REC_Lo_°C =-3.6
|Aug_REC_Lo_°C =-2.2
|Sep_REC_Lo_°C =0.1
|Oct_REC_Lo_°C =0.0
|Nov_REC_Lo_°C =2.4
|Dec_REC_Lo_°C =4.4
|Year_REC_Lo_°C =-3.6
|Jan_Precip_mm =22.1
|Feb_Precip_mm =21.7
|Mar_Precip_mm =23.4
|Apr_Precip_mm = 24.8
|May_Precip_mm =34.8
|Jun_Precip_mm =35.0
|Jul_Precip_mm = 32.5
|Aug_Precip_mm = 35.9
|Sep_Precip_mm = 32.6
|Oct_Precip_mm = 35.3
|Nov_Precip_mm = 25.8
|Dec_Precip_mm = 24.8
|Year_Precip_mm = 348.8
|source= [http://reg.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_077042_All.shtml Bureau of Meteorology]&lt;ref&gt;'''(Béarla)''' [http://reg.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_077042_All.shtml &quot;Climate statistics for Australian locations – Swan Hill Post Office&quot;], Bureau of Meteorology (20 Eanáir, 2011).&lt;/ref&gt; 
|accessdate = Eanáir 2011
}}

== Comhchathracha ==
* {{bratach|Japan}} [[Yamagata]], [[An tSeapáin]]

== Tagairtí ==
{{reflist}}

{{stumpa}}
{{Cathracha i Victoria}}</text>
      <sha1>oyxhu1ioaci7azenoy5ncegfx8r8dwd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ailbhe Ní Ghearbhuigh</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>34322</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328808</id>
      <parentid>1314723</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T20:12:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>47196</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>1328808</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5718" sha1="cqm0mx4koppewymv8kqo5y0tnu23pkm" xml:space="preserve">{{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}}
File [[Éire]]annach is ea '''Ailbhe Ní Ghearbhuigh''' a rugadh sa bhliain 1984 i d[[Trá Lí]] i g[[Contae Chiarraí]]. Tá sí áirithe ar na filí Gaeilge is fearr den ghlúin seo.

D'fhreastail sí ar Ollscoil na hÉireann, Gaillimh, agus bhain amach BA i nGaeilge agus i bhFraincis sa bhliain 2005. Chaith sí tamall ina dhiaidh sin sa Fhrainc in Épernay, Roazhon agus Bordeaux, agus d'fhill ar Ghaillimh chun MA sa Nua-Ghaeilge a dhéanamh.&lt;ref&gt;'Galway in verse,' 3 Nollaig 2008, ''Galway Independent'': http://www.galwayindependent.com/entertainment/entertainment/galway-in-verse-/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711073359/http://www.galwayindependent.com/entertainment/entertainment/galway-in-verse-/ |date=2011-07-11 }}. Seiceáladh ar 17 Lúnasa 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;

I Mí Lúnasa 2007 fuair sí scoláireacht Fulbright, rud a lig di bliain a chaitheamh ag múineadh Gaeilge in Institiúid an Léinn Ghael-Mheiriceánaigh ag Coláiste Lehman i [[Nua-Eabhrac (cathair)|Nua-Eabhrac]].&lt;ref&gt;'Ailbhe Ní Ghearbhuigh,' Munster Literature Centre: http://www.munsterlit.ie/Writer%20pages/Ni%20Ghearbhuigh,%20Ailbhe.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091005135907/http://www.munsterlit.ie/Writer%20pages/Ni%20Ghearbhuigh,%20Ailbhe.html |date=2009-10-05 }}. Seiceáladh ar 17 Lúnasa 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;
Sa bhliain 2008 bhronn [[an Chomhairle Ealaíon]] sparántacht uirthi agus d'fhill sí ar Ghaillimh.&lt;ref&gt;'Ailbhe Ní Ghearbhuigh,' Munster Literature Centre: http://www.munsterlit.ie/Writer%20pages/Ni%20Ghearbhuigh,%20Ailbhe.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091005135907/http://www.munsterlit.ie/Writer%20pages/Ni%20Ghearbhuigh,%20Ailbhe.html |date=2009-10-05 }}. Seiceáladh ar 17 Lúnasa 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;

Tá a cuid filíochta léite aici i b[[Páras]], i Nua-Eabhrac, i [[Montréal]] agus ar an m[[Buailtín]]. Bhuaigh a dán ‘Deireadh na Feide’ [[Corn Uí Néill]] in 2012 agus roghnaíodh ‘Filleadh ar an gCathair’ mar Dhán Uachtarántacht an [[an tAontas Eorpach|Aontais Eorpaigh]] in 2013. Bhain an dán céanna áit amach ar ghearrliosta [[RTÉ]], ‘A Poem for Ireland’. D’fhoilsigh Coiscéim a céad chnuasach filíochta Péacadh. Ag scríobh faoi ''Tost agus Allagar,'' dúirt [[Nuala Ní Dhomhnaill]]: ‘Is leabhar iontach é seo. Labhrann intleacht chomh géar agus chomh gléineach tríd síos gur cúis bróid do, é gur i nGaeilge a labhrann sí. An tuiscint atá ann ar chás an duine, ar chomh deacair is atá sé teanga a chur ar eispéireas an chine, gan trácht ar an duine aonair…Tá an fhírinne shearbh againn anseo, ach mar a thug Emily Dickinson comhairle duinn fadó, í ar sceabhadh’. Fuair cnuasach dátheangach léi ''The Coast Road'' ardmholadh ó Nuala Ní Dhomhnaill chomh maith: ‘féasta don tsúil agus sólás don chroí’.

== Saothar ==
Tháinig dánta léi amach ar [[An Guth]], [[Feasta]], [[Crannóg]], [[Poetry Ireland Review/Éigse Éireann]] agus [[Comhar]].&lt;ref&gt; Féach ''Comhar'', Aibreán 2011, Imleabhar 71, Uimhir 4.&lt;/ref&gt; Tá dánta léite aici ag féile litríochta [[Imram]] agus sa bhliain 2008 chuaigh sí go hAlbain le [[Cuairt na bhFilí|Cuairt na bhFilí go hAlbain]], tionscadal a bhfuil baint aici fós léi.&lt;ref&gt;'Grúpa Éireannach le File, Ceoltóir agus Amhránaí ar chamchuairt timpeall Gharbhchríocha na hAlban,' ''Gaelport'', 31 Lúnasa 2008: http://www.cogar.ie/default.aspx?treeid=8&amp;NewsItemID=4252{{Dead link|date=Deireadh Fómhair 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;'Comórtas Uí Néill Poetry Shortlist Announced,' ''Gaelport'', 22 Márta 2011: http://www.gaelport.com/default.aspx?treeid=37&amp;NewsItemID=5858{{Dead link|date=Deireadh Fómhair 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}.&lt;/ref&gt;

D'fhoilsigh [[Coiscéim]] ''Péacadh'', a céad chnuasach filíochta, sa bhliain 2008.&lt;ref&gt;Liosta foilseachán: http://www.coisceim.ie/2008.html.&lt;/ref&gt; 

D'fhoilsigh Gallery Press The Coast Road, cnuasach Gaeilge le haistriúcháin Bhéarla sa bhliain 2016  

File cathrach is ea Ní Ghearbhuigh, agus cuireann sí síos ar shaol na sráideanna in Éirinn agus thar lear: 

:anocht&lt;br /&gt;
:ag filleadh dom&lt;br /&gt;
:blaisim allas na cathrach&lt;br /&gt;
:faram… (''Filleadh ar an gCathair''). 

Níor éirigh léi ceist chráite na teanga féin a sheachaint ar fad (''Laethanta Lagmhisnigh''), ach léiríonn a saothar beocht na teanga úd i saol ilghnéitheach uirbeach. Tá sé ráite ina taobh go bhfuil rian an tsoirbhíochais ar a cnuasach i gcoitinne ach go bhfuil coimhthíos mearbhallach agus eolas ar ghuagaíocht an tsaoil le fáil i gcuid de na dánta is fearr aici.&lt;ref&gt;Féach 'Ailbhe Ní Ghearbhuigh,' Livia Brennan, ''Ireland - Poetry International Web'': http://www.poetryinternationalweb.net/pi/site/poet/item/18333 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007041945/http://www.poetryinternationalweb.net/pi/site/poet/item/18333 |date=2013-10-07 }}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tagairtí ==
{{Reflist}}

== Naisc sheachtracha ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110615115136/http://www.indymedia.ie/article/89998 Three Irish-language Poets Named For Western Writers' Centre Project]

* [https://cranberry.cc.columbia.edu/cs/ContentServer?childpagename=Bronxbeat08%2FJRN_Content_C%2FRW1StoryDetailLayout2&amp;c=JRN_Content_C&amp;pagename=JRN%2FRW1Wrapper&amp;cid=1175374570684&amp;site=Bronxbeat08 Lehman program helps preserve Irish language]{{Dead link|date=Deireadh Fómhair 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gearbhuigh, Ailbhe Ni}}
[[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1984]]
[[Catagóir:Daoine as Contae Chiarraí]]
[[Catagóir:Alumni Ollscoil na Gaillimhe]]
[[Catagóir:Filí na hÉireann]]
[[Catagóir:Daoine beo]]</text>
      <sha1>cqm0mx4koppewymv8kqo5y0tnu23pkm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tethra</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>89234</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328830</id>
      <parentid>1328629</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-28T02:00:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>47196</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>1328830</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3501" sha1="grn1abfrcoqewacfd4u20efdskuvuhv" xml:space="preserve">{{WD Bosca Sonraí Carachtar}}
I [[Miotaseolaíocht na nGael]], ba shliocht na [[Fomhóraigh|Fomhórach]] é  '''Teathra''' ([[Sean-Ghaeilge]] '''Tethra''').  Tar éis dó bás a fháil sa Dara [[Cath Maighe Tuireadh]], bhí sé ina rí i [[Mag Mell]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |
last = Cross |
first = Tom P. |
title = Ancient Irish Tales |
publisher = Henry Holt &amp; Co |
url = http://www.maryjones.us/ctexts/connla.html |
accessdate = 1 May 2013 |
chapter = The Adventures of Connla the Fair |
year = 1936|
quote = ''The living ... summon you to the people of Tethra.
}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Tar éis an chatha, thóg [[Oghma]] a chlaíomh, [[Orna]], agus d'inis sé d'Oghma gach a rinne sé.&lt;ref&gt;{{
cite book |
last = McCullough |
first = David W. |
title = Wars of the Irish Kings: A Thousand Years of Struggle, from the Age of Myth Through the Reign of Queen Elizabeth |
year = 2010 |
publisher = Random House Digital, Inc |
isbn = 978-0609809075 |
page = 18 |
url = https://books.google.com/books?id=5kwKgyZqL0EC&amp;pg=PA18&amp;lpg=PA18&amp;dq=tethra+sword&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=10zYEYVUJB&amp;sig=A66iXNpudi-ohJtO0ruYBHfMXJI&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ei=7XOAUYKzIoa29QSmoYH4Cg&amp;ved=0CFAQ6AEwBjgU#v=onepage&amp;q=tethra%20sword&amp;f=false |
quote = ''Ogma unsheathed [Orna] and cleaned it.  Then the sword told what had been done by it, because it was the habit of swords at the time to recount the deeds that had been done by them whenever they were unsheathed.
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Sanasaíocht==
B'fhéidir é go bhfuil '''Tethra''' fréamhaithe ón b[[Protai-Ind-Eorpais]] ''*tet(e)ro-'', le brí 'vácarnach'.&lt;ref&gt;[[Julius Pokorny]]: 1079&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wales.ac.uk/documents/external/cawcs/PCl-MoE.pdf PCl-MoE] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060114133008/http://www.wales.ac.uk/documents/external/cawcs/pcl-moe.pdf |date=2006-01-14 }} {{Lua idirlín |url=http://www.wales.ac.uk/documents/external/cawcs/pcl-moe.pdf |teideal=Cóip cartlainne |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060114133008/http://www.wales.ac.uk/documents/external/cawcs/pcl-moe.pdf |archivedate=2006-01-14 |dátarochtana=2024-01-25}} agus [http://www.wales.ac.uk/documents/external/cawcs/MoE-PCl.pdf MoE-PCl] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514141136/http://www.wales.ac.uk/documents/external/cawcs/MoE-PCl.pdf |date=2011-05-14 }} ar wales.ac.uk&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |
url=http://www.indo-european.nl/cgi-bin/query.cgi?root=leiden&amp;basename=%5Cdata%5Cie%5Cceltic |
teideal=Archived copy |
accessdate=2006-02-11 |
deadurl=yes |
archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060211181501/http://www.indo-european.nl/cgi-bin/query.cgi?root=leiden&amp;basename=%5Cdata%5Cie%5Cceltic |
archivedate = 2006-02-11 |
df= 
}}.&lt;/ref&gt;  As Sean-Ghaeilge, tá a lán bríonna ann don fhocal, ina measc 
Tethra féin,&lt;ref&gt;[http://dil.ie/40647 3 tethra (b)] ar eDIL&lt;/ref&gt; muir,&lt;ref&gt;[http://dil.ie/40647 3 tethra (a)] ar eDIL&lt;/ref&gt; eiseamláir&lt;ref&gt;[http://dil.ie/40646 2 tethra] ar eDIL&lt;/ref&gt; agus ''scald-''caróg&lt;ref&gt;[http://dil.ie/40645 1 tethra] ar eDIL&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |
url = https://www2.smo.uhi.ac.uk/sengoidelc/duil-belrai/lorg.php?faclair=db&amp;seorsa=Gaidhlig&amp;facal=tethra&amp;tairg=Cuardaigh |
teideal = In Dúil Bélrai |
accessdate = 2019-03-11 |
dátarochtana = 2019-04-12 |
archivedate = 2021-01-22 |
archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20210122140259/https://www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk/sengoidelc/duil-belrai/lorg.php?faclair=db&amp;seorsa=Gaidhlig&amp;facal=tethra&amp;tairg=Cuardaigh }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tagairtí==
{{Reflist}}

{{Scéalta miotaseolaíochta}}

[[Catagóir:Fomhóraigh]]</text>
      <sha1>grn1abfrcoqewacfd4u20efdskuvuhv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Feallmharú</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>102775</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328814</id>
      <parentid>1084859</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T22:45:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>47196</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>1328814</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1214" sha1="sfwp7ipicbds5gtx2nmilf9k5eytm3i" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Schauman shoots Bobrikov.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Nikolay Bobrikov]], [[Ard-Ghobharnóir na Fionlainne]], feallmharaíodh le [[Eugen Schauman]] ar 16 Meitheamh 1904, i [[Heilsincí]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | first1 = George B. | last1 = Kauffman | first2 = Lauri | last2 = Niinistö | author-link1 = George B. Kauffman | url = http://chemeducator.org/bibs/0003003/00030208.htm | title = Chemistry and Politics: Edvard Immanuel Hjelt (1855–1921) | journal = The Chemical Educator | year = 1998 | volume = 3 | issue = 5 | doi = 10.1007/s00897980247a | pages = 1–15 | s2cid = 97163876 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041030030706/http://chemeducator.org/bibs/0003003/00030208.htm |date=2004-10-30 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Líníocht le ealaíontóir anaithnid.]]

Marú duine le feall is ea '''feallmharú''' (go háirithe duine tábhachtach, mar shampla polaiteoir srl.).&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.teanglann.ie/ga/fb/feallmhar%C3%BA|teideal=An Foclóir Beag: feallmharú|language=ga|work=www.teanglann.ie|dátarochtana=2022-07-06}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Féach freisin ==

* [[Dúnmharú]]

== Tagairtí ==
{{reflist}}{{síol}}
[[Catagóir:Feallmharuithe]]
[[Catagóir:Polaiteoirí]]
[[Catagóir:Polaitíocht]]</text>
      <sha1>sfwp7ipicbds5gtx2nmilf9k5eytm3i</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Łucja Frey-Gottesman</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>110479</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328832</id>
      <parentid>1328647</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-28T02:43:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>47196</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>1328832</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="20009" sha1="kh3b7sl1wbyo8pgmdgr3a3jq4b5b60x" xml:space="preserve">{{WD Bosca Sonraí Duine}}
Lia agus [[Néareolaíocht|néareolaí]] Polannach-Ghiúdach ab ea '''Łucja Frey''' nó '''Łucja Frey-Gottesman''' (3 Samhain, 1889, i Lwów - 1942?), a raibh aithne air as cur síos a dhéanamh ar an siondróm a ainmníodh ina diaidh níos déanaí. Bhí sí ar dhuine de na chéad néareolaithe acadúla baineanna san Eoraip. Cailleadh Frey le linn an [[Uileloscadh|Uileloiscthe]] i 1942 i ghetto Lwów in aois a 53.

== Saol ==
Rugadh Łucja Frey ar an 3 Samhain, 1889, i Lwów, a bhí mar chuid den Impireacht Austro-Ungárach ag an am sin, mar iníon an chonraitheora tógála Szymon Symcha Frey agus a bhean chéile, Dina (née Weinreb) &lt;ref name=&quot;moltrecht&quot;&gt;Mirjam Moltrecht: Dr. med. Lucja Frey. Eine Ärztin aus Lwow 1889-1942. Rekonstruktion eines Lebens. Hartung Gorre Verlag Konstanz, 2004. [http://www.uniklinikum-leipzig.de/forschung/download/dissertationen/moltrecht_2004.pdf PDF] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601173222/http://www.uniklinikum-leipzig.de/forschung/download/dissertationen/moltrecht_2004.pdf |date=2020-06-01 }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[An Giúdachas|Giúdaigh]] ba ea Frey agus a teaghlach.&lt;ref name=&quot;glinski&quot;&gt;Gliński JB. Słownik biograficzny lekarzy i farmaceutów ofiar drugiej wojny światowej. Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Medyczne Urban &amp; Partner, 1997&lt;/ref&gt; D’fhreastail sí ar bhunscoil Chríostaí idir 1896 agus 1900. Bhain sí céim amach ó mheánscoil Franciszek-Józef mar dhalta seachtrach i 1907. Tar éis di céim a bhaint amach rinne sí staidéar ar an matamaitic agus ar an bhfealsúnacht faoin ollamh Marian Smoluchowski (1872-1917). Bhí sí ina mac léinn de dhámh na fealsúnachta ó 1907 go 1912, ach tar éis cúig bliana d'aistrigh sí go [[Vársá]] agus thosaigh sé ag staidéar leighis.

Rinne Frey staidéar ar leigheas ó 1918 go 1923 agus fuair sí dioplóma leighis ar 2 Meitheamh, 1923. Cuireadh isteach ar a cuid staidéir ar feadh bliana mar gheall ar an gCogadh Polannach-Úcránach.&lt;ref name=&quot;moltrecht&quot;/&gt;

Tar éis di céim a bhaint amach, lean sí lena cuid oibre mar chúntóir sinsearach don ollamh [[Kazimierz Orzechowski]] (1878–1942) ina chlinic néareolaíoch i Vársá. &lt;ref name=&quot;glinski&quot;&gt;Gliński JB. Słownik biograficzny lekarzy i farmaceutów ofiar drugiej wojny światowej. Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Medyczne Urban &amp; Partner, 1997&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;herman&quot;&gt;Eufemiusz Herman: Neurolodzy polscy. Warszawa: Państwowy Zakład Wydawnictw Lekarskich, 1958, ss. 225-227.&lt;/ref&gt; I ndeireadh na bliana 1928 d’fhág sí Vársá le dul ar ais go Lwów, agus phós sí dlíodóir darbh ainm Mordechai (Marek) Gottesman (1887 i Komarno – 1941?). &lt;ref name=&quot;moltrecht&quot;/&gt; Ó Bhealtaine 1929 bhí sí ag obair sa chlinic néareolaíoch i Lwów ar Shráid Rappaporta mar leas-chomhairleoir sinsearach. Thug sí a hiníon, Danuta, ar an seol in 1930.&lt;ref name=&quot;moltrecht&quot; /&gt;

Tar éis ionradh na Sóivéide ar an bPolainn ar 19 Meán Fómhair, 1939, agus forghabháil Lwów ina dhiaidh sin, cúisíodh Marek Gottesman as gníomhaíochtaí frith-réabhlóideacha agus ghabh an NKVD é; níl aon eolas faoi tar éis an phointe seo. Sa bhliain 1941, faoi fhorghabháil Gearmánach Lwów, athlonnaíodh Łucja Frey go dtí an ghetto agus cuireadh iallach air oibriú i Ghettopoliklinik i Zamarstynowska 112 . Is dócha gur dúnmharaíodh í in éineacht lena cuid othar le linn leachtú an ghetto i Lúnasa 1942 nó go gairid tar éis díbeartha go campa díothaithe Belzec . Níl aon fhianaise ann gur mhair sí féin, nó aon duine dá gaolta. &lt;ref name=&quot;moltrecht&quot;/&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;glinski&quot;&gt;Gliński JB. Słownik biograficzny lekarzy i farmaceutów ofiar drugiej wojny światowej. Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Medyczne Urban &amp; Partner, 1997&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;maciejewska&quot;&gt;Maciejewska I, Dziewiatkowski J, Spodnik E. Lucja Frey: a pioneering physician in tragic times. Clin Anat. 20. 6: 588-90 (2007). {{Doi|10.1002/ca.20481}}. {{PMID|17352411}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Tá go leor neamhchinnteachtaí faoina saol. De réir fianaise Yad Vashem ó dheirfiúr-chéile Frey, bhí mac ag Hedwa Balat, Łucja agus Marek darbh ainm Jakub, a rugadh i 1919. Is dócha gurb é seo Jakub Gottesman, mac Marek Gottesman lena chéad bhean, Klara Philipp. Maraíodh Jakub san Uileloscadh chomh maith agus a mháthair, Klara, agus a leasathair, an Dr. Michal Sokaler.

== Aitheantas ==
Go dtí 2004, ní raibh ann ach ailt ghearra beathaisnéise faoi shaol Łucja Frey: sa Pholainnis, &lt;ref name=&quot;glinski&quot;&gt;Gliński JB. Słownik biograficzny lekarzy i farmaceutów ofiar drugiej wojny światowej. Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Medyczne Urban &amp; Partner, 1997&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;bennett&quot;&gt;Bennett JD, Pietruski J. Łucja Frey (1889-1943). W 70 rocznicę ogłoszenia zespołu uszno-skroniowego i 50 rocznicę śmierci. Otolaryngologia Polska. 47. 4: 378-382 (1993). {{PMID|8255594}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Herman E. Wspomnienia pośmiertne. Neurologia Polska 24, 27-28 (1950)&lt;/ref&gt; Sualainnis, &lt;ref&gt;Erkki Hakulinen: Känd för sin beskrivning av en gustatoriskt utløst svettning i ansiktet. Läkartidningen 4: 211-212 (1992).&lt;/ref&gt; agus Béarla. &lt;ref name=&quot;maciejewska&quot;&gt;Maciejewska I, Dziewiatkowski J, Spodnik E. Lucja Frey: a pioneering physician in tragic times. Clin Anat. 20. 6: 588-90 (2007). {{Doi|10.1002/ca.20481}}[[Doi (identifier)|doi]]&lt;span data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;[[doi:10.1002/ca.20481|10.1002/ca.20481]]. {{PMID|17352411}}[[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&amp;nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17352411 17352411].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Bennett JD. The woman behind the syndrome: Frey's syndrome--the untold story. Journal of the History of the Neurosciences. 2 (3): 139–44 (1994). {{PMID|11618815}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Burton MJ, Brochwicz-Lewinski M. Lucja Frey and the auriculotemporal nerve syndrome. J R Soc Med. 84. 10: 619-20 (1992). {{PMID|1744848}} [http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?artid=1295563&amp;blobtype=pdf PDF] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601173230/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1295563/pdf/jrsocmed00119-0061.pdf |date=2020-06-01 }} {{Lua idirlín |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1295563/pdf/jrsocmed00119-0061.pdf |teideal=Cóip cartlainne |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601173230/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1295563/pdf/jrsocmed00119-0061.pdf |archivedate=2020-06-01 |dátarochtana=2024-11-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;O'Neill JP, Condron C, Curran A, Walsh A. Lucja Frey--historical relevance and syndrome review. The surgeon : journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland. 3 (6): 178–81 (2008). {{PMID|18581755}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chuir na foilseacháin seo in iúl arís fíricí blúirí agus tearca ó mhonagraf clasaiceach [[Eufemiusz Herman]] faoi néareolaithe Polannacha. &lt;ref name=&quot;herman&quot;&gt;Eufemiusz Herman: Neurolodzy polscy. Warszawa: Państwowy Zakład Wydawnictw Lekarskich, 1958, ss. 225-227.&lt;/ref&gt; Foilsíodh fíricí nua faoina saol tragóideach i mbeathaisnéis Mirjam Moltrecht. &lt;ref name=&quot;moltrecht&quot;/&gt; Mar sin féin, fágtar an t-ainm Frey ar lár nó go ndéantar mílitriú air (mar &quot;Lucy&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Parviz Janfaza, Joseph B. Nadol, Robert Galla, Richard L Fabian, William W. Montgomery: Surgical Anatomy of the Head and Neck. Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins, 2001 p. 418 {{ISBN|0-683-06302-2}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;D. S. Grewal, Bachi T Hathiram: Atlas of Facial Nerve Surgery. McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing, 2007 {{ISBN|0-07-148576-7}}&lt;/ref&gt; nó &quot;Lucie&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;stedman&quot;&gt;Susan L. Bartolucci, Thomas Lathrop Stedman: Stedman's Medical Eponyms. Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins, 2005 p.899 {{ISBN|0-7817-5443-7}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;roche&quot;&gt;Roche Lexikon Medizin. Elsevier,Urban&amp;FischerVerlag, 2003 p.646 {{ISBN|3-437-15150-9}}&lt;/ref&gt; ) i go leor téacsleabhair agus foclóirí. Uaireanta tugadh dátaí breithe agus báis an dochtúir Ostaireach agus an fiseolaí Maximilian Ruppert Franz von Frey (1852-1932) mar léi féin. &lt;ref name=&quot;stedman&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;roche&quot; /&gt;

== Saothair ==
Foilsíodh foilseachán Frey faoin siondróm néarógach chluaisínmhéadailíneach, ar a dtugtar go forleathan anois &quot; siondróm Frey &quot; (&quot;zespół Łucji Frey&quot; sa Pholainnis), i 1923, ar dtús san iris Pholainnise &quot;Polska Gazeta Lekarska&quot;, agus níos déanaí an bhliain sin san iris cháiliúil Francach &quot;Revue Neurologique&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;Frey Ł. Le syndrome du nerf auriculo-temporal. Revue Neurologique 2, 2, 97-104 (1923). The same in Polish: Przypadek zespołu nerwu usznoskroniowego. Polska Gazeta Lekarska 41, 708-710 (1923)&lt;/ref&gt; Níorbh é an chéad chur síos ar an mbraisle  siomptóm seo é. &lt;ref&gt;Dulguerov P, Marchal F, Gysin C. Frey Syndrome Before Frey: The Correct History. Laryngoscope 109:1471–1474 (1999) {{PMID|10499057}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;dunbar&quot;&gt;Dunbar EM, Singer TW, Singer K, Knight H, Lanska D, Okun MS. Understanding gustatory sweating. What have we learned from Lucja Frey and her predecessors?. Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society. 3 (12): 179–84 (czerwiec 2002). {{PMID|12269550}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba iad na réamhtheachtaithe a bhí ag Frey ná Kastremsky (1740), Duphenix (1757), &lt;ref&gt;Duphenix M . Observations sur les fistules du canal salivaire de Stenson. I. Sur une playe compliq la joue ou le canal salivaire fut déchireé. Mémoires de l’Académie royale de chrirugie III:431–439 (1857)&lt;/ref&gt; Barthez (1806), &lt;ref&gt;Barthez (1806) Nouveaux Éléments de la Science de L’ hommo, Paris, vol II&lt;/ref&gt; Dupuy (1816), &lt;ref&gt;Dupuy LE (1816) Sur l’enévement des ganglions gutturaux des nerfs trisplanchniques sur des chevau. Journal de médecine, chirurgie, pharmacie, Paris 37:340–350 As cited in Dunbar et al. (2002)&lt;/ref&gt; Brown-Sequard (1849), &lt;ref&gt;Brown-Séquard CE: Production de sueur sous l’influence d’une excitation vive des nerfs du goût. Compte Rendu Société de Biologie 1:104 (1850) As cited in Dunbar et al. (2002)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Brown-Séquard CE: Remarques sur la précédente note. Compte Rendu Société de Biologie 1:449–450 (1850) As cited in Dunbar et al. (2002)&lt;/ref&gt; Baillarger (1853), Henle (1855), &lt;ref&gt;Henle J: Handbuch der rationnellen Pathologie, 3rd ed, vol. 1, p. 236 (1855) As cited in Dunbar et al. (2002)&lt;/ref&gt; Berard (1855), &lt;ref&gt;Bérard PH. Cours de physiologie, fait à la Faculté de médecine de Paris, vol 4 (1855) As cited in Dunbar et al. (2002)&lt;/ref&gt; Bergounhioux (1859), &lt;ref&gt;Bergounhioux: La Gazette de Hôspitaux, Paris (1859) As cited in Dunbar et al. (2002)&lt;/ref&gt; Rouyer (1859), &lt;ref&gt;Rouyer J. Sur l’éphidrose parotidienne. Journal de la physiologie de l’homme et des animaux: 447 (1859)&lt;/ref&gt; Botkin (1875), &lt;ref&gt;Botkin S. Über die Reflexerscheinungen im Gebiete der Hautgefässe
und über den reflectorischen Schweiss. Berliner Klinische Wochenschrift 7:81–83 (1857) As cited in Dunbar et al. (2002)&lt;/ref&gt; Parkes Weber (1897), &lt;ref&gt;Weber FP. Clinical cases V: a case of localized sweating. Transactions: Clinical Society of London 31: 277–280 (1897) As cited in Dunbar et al. (2002)&lt;/ref&gt; Nua agus Bozer (1922) &lt;ref&gt;New GB, Bozer HE. Hyperhydrosis of the check associated with the parotid region. Minnesota Medicine, vol. 5 (1922) As cited in Dunbar et al. (2002)&lt;/ref&gt; agus Lipsztat (1922). &lt;ref&gt;Lipsztat J. Przypadek umiejscowionego pocenia się podczas jedzenia. Neurologia Polska 6 (1922) As cited in Frey (1923)&lt;/ref&gt; Thuairiscigh Brown-Sequard agus Henle a gcuid comharthaí féin. &lt;ref name=&quot;dunbar&quot; /&gt; Níl léargas leathan ar an anatamaíocht, ar an bpaiteolaíocht agus ar mheicníocht chruinn an allais bhlastachta. Meastar gurb í alt Łucja Frey &quot;Przypadek zespołu nerwu usznoskroniowego&quot; (&quot;Le Siondróm du Nerf Auriculo-Temporal&quot;) an chéad tuairisc dá leithéid ar an bhfeiniméan. Ba í Frey an chéad duine a d'aithin an siondróm seo mar neamhord na spreagthaí comhbhraiteacha  agus paraisimpiteacha araon. &lt;ref name=&quot;maciejewska&quot;/&gt;

Thug Henryk Higier an t-ainm &quot;siondróm Frey&quot; isteach sa litríocht leighis i 1926 &lt;ref&gt;Higier S. Das auriculo-temporale syndrom und seine pathogenese. Z Ges Neur Psych 1926;106:114–119.&lt;/ref&gt; agus i 1932 ag Bassoe. &lt;ref&gt;Bassoe PN. The auriculotemporal syndrome and other vasomotor disturbances about the head. Med North Am 1932; 16:405–412.&lt;/ref&gt; Mar aitheantas ar thuairiscí níos luaithe ar an siondróm seo, tugtar siondróm Baillarger, siondróm Frey-Baillarger nó siondróm Dupuy air freisin. 

Chomh maith leis an obair thábhachtach seo, d'fhoilsigh Frey páipéir ar éifeachtaí nimheanna glasraí ar mheathlú chorda an dromlaigh, &lt;ref&gt;Frey Ł. O działaniu jadów wegetatywnych na drżenie włókienkowe w sprawach zanikowych pochodzenia rdzeniowego. Księga Pamiątkowa XII Zjazdu Lek Przyr 2, 158 (1925-1926) As cited in Moltrecht (2004)&lt;/ref&gt; topagrafaíocht stoc na hinchinne, &lt;ref&gt;Frey Ł. Przyczynki do nauki o topografii w trzonie mózgowym. Ogniska boczne i środkowe w rdzeniu przedłużonym. Neurologia Polska 8, 2, 124-142 (1925) As cited in Moltrecht (2004)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Frey Ł. Przyczynki do nauki o topografii w trzonie mózgowym. Ogniska w wyższych piętrach mostu Varola. Polska Gazeta Lekarska 15, 335-338 (1925) As cited in Moltrecht (2004)&lt;/ref&gt; scléaróis chliathánach amatrófach, &lt;ref&gt;Frey Ł, Orzechowski K. Zmiany anatomiczne w chorobie Charcota. Neurologia Polska 8, 3-4, 196-219 (1925) As cited in Moltrecht (2004)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Frey Ł, Orzechowski K. Zmiany anatomiczne w chorobie Charcota. Księga Pamiątkowa XII Zjazdu Lek Przyr 2, 145 (1925-1926) As cited in Moltrecht (2004)&lt;/ref&gt; ailt Charcot,  ainéarais  mhogalra an mheidill, &lt;ref&gt;Frey Ł. Przypadek tętniaka splotowatego rdzenia. Neurologia Polska 9, 1-2, 21-30 (1926) As cited in Moltrecht (2004)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Frey Ł. Rdzeń i preparaty drobnowidzowe z przypadku tętniaka splotowatego rdzenia. Polska Gazeta Lekarska 22, 431 (1927) As cited in Moltrecht (2004)&lt;/ref&gt; cisteanna na méadailíní inchinne, &lt;ref&gt;Frey Ł. Pokaz mózgu z torbielą III komory. Warszawskie Czasopismo Lekarskie 14, 192 (1926) As cited in Moltrecht (2004)&lt;/ref&gt; siadaí clivus, &lt;ref&gt;Frey Ł. Przypadek chorego z guzem stoku Blumenbacha. Polska Gazeta Lekarska 14, 328 (1925) As cited in Moltrecht (2004)&lt;/ref&gt; siadaí maotháin tosaigh agus siadaí ''retrosplenial'' . &lt;ref&gt;Frey Ł. Przypadek guza retrosplejalnego. Neurologia Polska 11, 3-4, 319-320 (1928) As cited in Moltrecht (2004)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Frey Ł. Przypadek guza retrosplejalnego. Polska Gazeta Lekarska 14, 261 (1928) As cited in Moltrecht (2004)&lt;/ref&gt;

== Leabharliosta ==
Liosta iomlán de shaothair Łucja Frey (is í an t-aon údar mura luaitear a mhalairt): &lt;ref name=&quot;moltrecht&quot;/&gt;

* Przypadek podrażnienia nerwu usznskroniowego. Pamiętnik Kliniczny Szpitala Dzieciątka Íosa 8, 1-2 (1923)
* Przypadek zakrzepu tętnicy móżdżkowej. Pamiętnik Kliniczny Szpitala Dzieciątka Jezus 8, 24 (1923)
* Przypadek zespołu bocznej ściany zatoki jamistej (Zespół Feix). Pamiętnik Kliniczny Szpitala Dzieciątka Jezus 8, 8-9 (1923)
* Przypadek zespołu nerwu usznskroniowego. Polska Gazeta Lekarska 41, 708-710 (1923)
* Le siondróm du nerf auriculo-temporal. Revue Neurologique 2, 2, 97-104 (1923)
* O działaniu jadów wegetatywnych na drżenie włókienkowe w sprawach zanikowych pochodzenia rdzeniowego. Medycyna Doświadcsalna agus Spaile 5, 5–6, 379-387 (1925)
* Przyczynki do nauki nó topografii w trzonie mózgowym. Ogniska boczne i środkowe w rdzeniu przedłużonym. Néareolaíocht Polainnis 8, 2, 124-142 (1925)
* Frey Ł, (1925) &quot;Przyczynki do nauki o topografii w trzonie mózgowym. Ogniska w wyższych piętrach mostu Varola.&quot; ''Polska Gazeta Lekarska'' '''15''' 335 &amp;#x2013; 338 (i Polainnis)
* Przypadek chorego z guzem stoku Blumenbacha. Polska Gazeta Lekarska 14, 328 (1925)
* Przypadek guza stoku Blumenbacha. Pamiętnik Kliniczny Szpitala Dzieciątka Jezus 9, 6-7 (1925)
* Przypadek zapalenia nerwów posurowiczego. Néareolaíocht Polainnis 8, 340-341 (1925)
* Frey Ł, Orzechowski K. Zmiany anatamaíocht w chorobie Charcota. Néareolaíocht Polainnis 8, 3–4, 196-219 (1925)
* Frey Ł, Orzechowski K. Zmiany anatamaíocht w chorobie Charcota. Księga Pamiątkowa XII Zjazdu Lek Przyr 2, 145 (1925-1926)
* O działaniu jadów wegetatywnych na drżenie włókienkowe w sprawach zanikowych pochodzneia rdzeniowego. Księga Pamiątkowa XII Zjazdu Lek Przyr 2, 158 (1925-1926)
* Étude anatomo-pathologique d'un cas d'anévrisme cirsoide de la moelle. Revue Neurologique 1, 709 (1926)
* Pokaz mózgu z torbielą III komory. Warszawskie Czasopismo Lekarskie 14, 192 (1926)
* Ullmhaigh torbieli III-ej komory. Polska Gazeta Lekarska 16, 312 (1926)
* Przypadek cierpienia rodzinno-dziedzicznego, dotyczącego głównie kończyn dolnych. Warszawskie Czasopismo Lekarskie 4, 193 (1926)
* Myelitis przypadek. Polska Gazeta Lekarska 50, 955 (1926)
* Przypadek tętniaka splotowatego rdzenia. Néareolaíocht Polainnis 9, 1–2, 21-30 (1926)
* Przypadek tętniaka splotowatego rdzenia. Nowiny Síc 9, 1–2, 21-28 (1926)
* Frey Ł, Orzechowski K. Sur l'histopathologie de la maladie de Charcot. Revue Neurologique 2, 2, 188 (1926)
* Cuimhní cinn Torbiel III. Brak objawów lejkowych przy zupełnym zniszczeniu dna III komory. Nowiny Lekarskie 38, 289-292 (1926)
* Przypadek tętniaka splotowatego rdzenia. Néareolaíocht Polainnis 10, 3–4, 346-347 (1927)
* Kyste du III ventricule. Scriosadh iomlán de la région infundibulaire sans signes dits hypophysiaires. Revue Neurologique 2, 413 (1927)
* Kyste du III ventricule. Scriosadh iomlán de la région infundibulaire sans signes dits hypophysiaires. L Encéphale 22, 21-26 (1927)
* Paraplegia spastica heredofamiliris. Néareolaíocht Polainnis 10, 1, 58 (1927)
* Przypadek: Osteoarthropatiae veirteabrach tabidorum. Pamiętnik Kliniczny Szpitala Dzieciątka Jezus 10, 30-32 (1927)
* Frey Ł, Opalski A. Przyczynki kliniczne do staidéar nad schorzeniami dziedzicznemi układu nerwowego. Polska Gazeta Lekarska 15, 6, 277-280 (1927)
* Rdzeń agus drobnowidzowe z przypadku tętniaka splotowatego rdzenia. Polska Gazeta Lekarska 22, 431 (1927)
* Etude anatomo-clinique d'un cas d'anévrisme cirsoide de la moelle. Pamiętnik I Zjazdu Anatomo-Zoologicznego w Warszawie 98-99 (1927)
* Frey Ł, Orzechowski K. Neurirétinite unilatérale due à une Highmorite du même coté, améliorée après une ponction du sinus maxillaire. Lésions pagétoides dans les os de la voûte crânienne décelées à la radiographie. Revue Neurologique 2, 284 (1927)
* Frey £, Drozdowicz. Neuroretinitis jednego oka przy zajęciu jamy Highmor'a tej że strony u osobnika z czaszką Pagetowską. Néareolaíocht Polainnis 11, 2, 246-248 (1928)
* Przypadek guza retrosplejalnego. Néareolaíocht Polainnis 11, 3–4, 319-320 (1928)
* Przypadek guza retrosplejalnego. Polska Gazeta Lekarska 14, 261 (1928)
* Przypadek operowanego guza śródbłonka mózgu. Polska Gazeta Lekarska 8, 150 (1928)
* Frey £, Sławiński. Przypadek operowany śródbłoniaka płata czołowego. Néareolaíocht Polainnis 11, 3–4, 312 (1928)
* Przypadek: Osteoarthropatiae veirteabrach tabidorum. Néareolaíocht Polainnis 11, 1, 128-130 (1928)
* Przypadek sympatomatu rdzenia kręgowego. Néareolaíocht Polainnis 11, 1, 125-127 (1928)
* Przypadek śródbłoniaka płata czołowego wyłuszczonego pomyślnie. Polska Gazeta Lekarska 20, 373-376 (1928)
* Urazowe podrażnienie nerwów promieniowego i mięśniowo-skórnego z przerwaniem kilku ścięgien. Néareolaíocht Polainnis 11, 3–4, 350-351 (1928)
* Étude anatomo-clinique d'un cas d'anévrisme cirsoide de la moelle épinière. Ann d anat-cosán 5, 971-979 (1928)

== Féach freisin ==

* [[Siondróm Frey]]

== Tagairtí ==
{{Reflist}}

== Naisc sheachtracha ==

* [http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/frey/lucja.php Lucja Frey Gottesman] Músaem Cuimhneacháin Uileloscadh na Stát Aontaithe
* Lucja Frey-Gottesman  

{{DEFAULTSORT:Frey-Gottesman, Łucja}}
[[Catagóir:Básanna i 1942]]
[[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1889]]
[[Catagóir:Giúdaigh]]
[[Catagóir:Mná]]
[[Catagóir:Néareolaithe]]
[[Catagóir:Lianna]]
[[Catagóir:Daoine Polannacha]]</text>
      <sha1>kh3b7sl1wbyo8pgmdgr3a3jq4b5b60x</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cónocht an earraigh</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>110853</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328817</id>
      <parentid>1270782</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T22:55:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>TGcoa</username>
        <id>21229</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1328817</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3632" sha1="1ysg3u0wys8b7oa7gwnou1vri3icar2" xml:space="preserve">
[[Íomhá:Earth-lighting-equinox_EN.png|deas|mion|300x300px| Soilsiú na [[Domhan|Cruinne]] ag an [[Grian|nGrian]] ar lá an [[Cónocht|chónochta]]]]
Is éard is '''cónocht an earraigh''' ('''eacaineacht an earraigh''' uaireanta)&lt;ref&gt;i mBéarla, an ''spring equinox'' nó an ''vernal equinox'' &lt;/ref&gt; nuair a mbíonn an lá agus an oíche ar chomhfhad, timpeall 19-23 Márta sa [[An leathsféar thuaidh|leathsféar thuaidh]].  Tá muid leath bealaigh idir an lá is giorra sa mbliain agus an lá is faide sa mbliain.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;  

Sa leathsféar thuaidh tugtar 'cónocht an earraigh' air agus sa 'leathsféar theas' tugtar 'cónocht an fhómhair' air.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Hussey, Matt - Fréamh an Eolais,  Coiscéim, 2011&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Eureka_Irish-12.2.pdf|teideal=Eureka|údar=Cogg|dáta=Imleabhar 12, Eagrán 2 23 Meán Fómhair 2015|dátarochtana=2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517190130/https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Eureka_Irish-12.2.pdf|archivedate=2021-05-17}}&lt;/ref&gt;  &lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.jct.ie/perch/resources/science_ga/science-teacher-booklet-cpd-day-1-lg.pdf|teideal=Leabhrán Acmhainní / Eolaíocht  - Lá 1|údar=jct.ie|dátarochtana=2022|archivedate=2022-09-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220921082850/https://www.jct.ie/perch/resources/science_ga/science-teacher-booklet-cpd-day-1-lg.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Eleathanach Iml 257,  20 Márta 2017&lt;/ref&gt;     
[[Íomhá:Earth from Orbit- Vernal Equinox (NESDIS 2022-03-25 2022 03 24 VernalEquinox TWITTER).webm|mion|Físeán: féach ar an [[solasteorainn]] &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;]]

=== Cur síos ===
Bíonn an [[solasteorainn]]&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Luaigh foilseachán|title=Terminator (solar)|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminator_(solar)|journal=Wikipedia|date=2024-05-07|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ar ais cheartingearach. 
Tá an cuma ar an scéal go bhfágann an [[pointe foghréine]] an [[leathsféar theas]] agus go dtrasnaíonn sé an [[meánchiorcal neamhaí]], ag dul ó thuaidh mar a fheictear ón Domhan.  

=== Béaloideas ===
De réir an bhéaloidis má bhíonn aimsir bhreá ann ar chónocht an earraigh, is mó seans ná a mhalairt go mbeidh an samhradh go breá. Is éard atá ann ná mura mbíonn aon stoirm ar an lá féin, ná na laethanta roimhe ná ina dhiaidh, is maith an seans go mbeidh an samhradh go breá. Má bhíonn stoirm ann,19-23 Márta, samhradh fliuch atá romhainn (píosa eolais é sin a cruinníodh i m[[An Baile Ard|Baile Ard]] i gcontae an Chláir i m[[Bailiúchán na Scol]]).&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://tuairisc.ie/dialann-tuairisc-sonny-agus-realta-schitts-creek-conocht-an-earraigh-agus-an-fhearulacht-nimhiuil/|teideal=DIALANN TUAIRISC: Sonny agus réalta Schitt’s Creek’, Cónocht an earraigh agus an fhearúlacht nimhiúil|údar=Bridget Bhreathnach|dáta=20 Márta 2025|language=ga-IE|work=Tuairisc.ie|dátarochtana=2025-03-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== An t-earrach ===
Ag an tráth seo den bhliain, tagann na bláthanna amach ar na crainnte magnóilia is tá bachlóga beaga le feiceáil ar na crainnte silíní chomh maith. Tá an chuma air go bhfuil na feithidí iad féin ag dúiseacht arís i ndiaidh an gheimhridh.

== Féach freisin ==

* [[Cónocht]]
* [[Cónocht an fhómhair]]
* An [[solasteorainn]]&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;
* [[Pointe foghréine]]

==Tagairtí==
{{reflist}}
[[Catagóir:Réalteolaíocht sféarúil]]
[[Catagóir:Dinimic an Ghrianchórais]]
[[Catagóir:Teagmhais réalteolaíocha an Ghrianchórais]]
[[Catagóir:Cónocht an earraigh]]
[[Catagóir:Márta]]
[[Catagóir:Earrach]]
[[Catagóir:Féilire]]</text>
      <sha1>1ysg3u0wys8b7oa7gwnou1vri3icar2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Gás ceaptha teasa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>114003</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328818</id>
      <parentid>1328562</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T23:19:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>47196</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>1328818</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="14597" sha1="eh7gsbft2svicr1mni0jjnvjwc90z51" xml:space="preserve">[[Íomhá:Greenhouse-effect-t2.svg| mion | upright=1 | Feictear anseo trí ghás [[Iarmhairt cheaptha teasa|ceaptha teasa]]: [[dé-ocsaíd charbóin]], [[galuisce]] agus [[meatán]].]]

[[Íomhá:Physical Drivers of climate change.svg| mion | upright=1 | Forsáil radantach ar théamh domhanda na linne seo.  Ní léirítear [[acmhainneacht téimh dhomhanda]] sa todhchaí.]]

Is iad '''gáis cheaptha teasa''' ('''GCT''') ná na gáis [[atmaisféar]]ach a cheapann teas agus a ardaíonn dá bharr teocht dromchla de [[réad réalteolaíoch]] amhail is an Domhain.  Murab ionann is gáis eile, [[Absorption (electromagnetic radiation)|súnn]] na gáis úd fuinneamh ón [[speictream leictreamaighnéadach]] a [[fuinneamh radanta|chuireann]] pláinéad amach arís, tar éis dó a bheith téite ag solas na gréine, agus tarlaíonn mar thoradh [[iarmhairt cheaptha teasa]].&lt;ref name=AR6WG1annexVII /&gt;  Gan gháis cheaptha teasa, bheadh meánteocht [[an Domhain#Dromchla|dromchla an Domhain]] tuairim is -18°C,&lt;ref name=NASACO2 /&gt; in áit 15°C mar atá inniu ann.&lt;ref name=Trenberth2003 /&gt;&lt;ref name=LeTreut-2007 /&gt;

Is iad a leanas na cúig ghrád ceaptha teasa is flúirsí in atmaisféar an Domhain, liostaithe in ord in laghdaitheach meán-{{h|mólchodán|mólchodáin]]:&lt;ref name=epa201608 /&gt;&lt;ref name=request /&gt; [[galuisce]], [[dé-ocsaíd charbóin]], [[meatán]], [[ocsaíd nítriúil]] agus [[ózón]].  I measc gás eile, tá dán áiteanna [[clórafluaracarbón|clórafluaracarbóin]] (CFC agus HCFC), [[hidreafluaracarbón|hidreafluaracarbóin]] (HFC), [[fluaracarbón|fluaracarbóin]], [[heicseafluairíd sulfair|SF&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;]] agus [[trífhluairíd nítrigine|NF&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;]].  Is é galuisce is cúis le tuairim is leath den iarmhairt ceaptha teasa, ag feidhmiú mar [[aisfhotha athraithe aeráide]].&lt;ref name=Schmidt-2010 /&gt;

Bíonn [[timthriall carbóin]] nádúrtha ann idir an atmaisféar, [[éiceachórais|éiceachóras]], na haigéain agus [[dríodar|dríodair]].  Tá an timthriall seo sách cothrom thar an milliún bliain seo caite,&lt;ref name=epa201606 /&gt; cé go mbíodh [[pailéichlíomeolaíocht|fadó]] leibhéil níos athraithe.  ''The timthriall carbóin takes thousands of years to fully absorb CO2 from the atmosphere,&lt;ref name=eps2015 /&gt;&lt;ref name=methemiss2023 /&gt;

Ó thús na [[an Réabhlóid Thionsclaíoch|an Réabhlóid Thionsclaíoch]] (c. 1750), tá an méid dé-ocsaíd charbóin san atmaisféar tar éis méadaithe le níos mó ná 50%,&lt;ref name=NOAA2022 /&gt; agus an méid meatán le 150%.&lt;ref name=methane2023 /&gt;  Tá [[astaíochtaí gás ceaptha teasa]] agus chomh hard is a bhí riamh ag 53.6±5.2 Gt CO2e an bhliain thar 2014–2023 (i dteannta le laghdú i bhfuarú aerasóil.&lt;ref name=Forster2025 /&gt;).  Mar thoradh, tá [[téamh domhanda]] ag méadú le 0.27±0.1°C thar 2015–2024.  Is iad [[astaíochtaí dé-ocsaíd charbóin]], níos airde anois ná riamh le feadh trí mhilliún bliain,&lt;ref name=Lindsey /&gt; is cúis le trí cheathrú den téamh seo, agus [[astaíochtaí meatáin]] an chuid is mó den fhuílleach.&lt;ref name=epa201601 /&gt;

Is é de bharr [[breosla iontaise|bhreoslaí iontaise]] á dhó acu is cúis le formhór na dé-ocsaíd charbóin ginte ag daoine daonna,&lt;ref name=EPA_GHGdata /&gt; agus [[Astaíochtaí gás ceaptha teasa de bharr talmhaíochta|talmhaíocht]] agus [[tionscal trom]] leis an bhfuílleach.&lt;ref name=Canadell-2021 /&gt;{{rp|687}}  Is iad talmhaíocht, táirgeadh bhreosla iontaise, dramhaíl agus foinsí eile is cúis le hastaíochtaí meatáin.&lt;ref name=IEA-2023 /&gt;  

De réir eochairtháscaire 2023, tá ardú teochta, gáis cheaptha teasa agus mí-chomhthrom fuinnimh uile ag níos mó ná mar a bhí riamh.&lt;ref name=Forster2024 /&gt;  Má leanann sin ar aghaidh mar atá, tarlóidh athrú-2.0°C idir 2040 agus 2070, leibhéal baolach, dar le [[Painéal Idir-Rialtasach ar an Athrú Aeráide]] (PIRAA).&lt;ref name=Carbon-Brief-2020 /&gt;

== Tagairtí ==
{{reflist | refs =

&lt;ref name=AR6WG1annexVII&gt;{{cite book | last1=Matthews | first1=J.B.R. |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_AnnexVII.pdf | title=Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | last2=Möller | first2=V. | last3=van Diemenn | first3=R. | last4=Fuglesvedt | first4=J.R. | date=2021-08-09 | publisher=[[IPCC]] / [[Cambridge University Press]] | editor-last1=Masson-Delmotte | editor-first1=Valérie | editor-link1=Valérie Masson-Delmotte | pages=2215–2256 | chapter=Annex VII: Glossary | doi=10.1017/9781009157896.022 | isbn=978-1-009-15789-6 | display-authors=etal | editor-last2=Zhai | editor-first2=Panmao |editor-link2=Panmao Zhai | editor-last3=Pirani | editor-first3=Anna | editor-last4=Connors | editor-first4=Sarah L. | editor-last5=Péan | editor-first5=Clotilde | display-editors=etal | doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=LeTreut-2007&gt;Le Treut, H., R. Somerville, U. Cubasch, Y. Ding, C. Mauritzen, A. Mokssit, T. Peterson and M. Prather, 2007: &quot;[https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/03/ar4-wg1-chapter1.pdf Chapter 1: Historical Overview of Climate Change]&quot;. In: &quot;[https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar4/wg1/ Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]&quot;. [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M. Tignor and H.L. Miller (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=Forster2025&gt;{{cite journal | last1=Forster | first1=Piers | title=Indicators of Global Climate Change 2024: annual update of key indicators of the state of the climate system and human influence | journal=Journal Earth System Science Data | date=2025 | volume=17 | issue=6 | pages=2641–2680 | doi=10.5194/essd-17-2641-2025 | bibcode=2025ESSD...17.2641F | doi-access=free | url=https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/17/2641/2025/|hdl=1983/d3954d3f-417b-4752-9d7e-2d5f8ff30569 | hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=epa201608&gt;{{lua idirlín | dáta = 2016-08-01 | teideal = Atmospheric Concentration of Greenhouse Gases | url = https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2016-08/documents/print_ghg-concentrations-2016.pdf | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019134514/https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2016-08/documents/print_ghg-concentrations-2016.pdf | archive-date=19 October 2021 | dátarochtana = 6 Meán Fómhair 2021 | foilsitheoir = [[U.S. Environmental Protection Agency]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=request&gt;{{lua idirlín | teideal = Inside the Earth's invisible blanket. | url = http://sequestration.org/science/greenhousegases.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200728231450/http://sequestration.org/science/greenhousegases.html | archive-date = 28 July 2020 | dátarochtana = 5 Márta 2021 | work = sequestration.org | archivedate = 28 Iúil 2020 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20200728231450/http://sequestration.org/science/greenhousegases.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=Schmidt-2010&gt;{{lua idirlín | sloinne = Schmidt | ainm = Gavin  | dáta = 2010-10-01 | teideal = Taking the Measure of the Greenhouse Effect | url = https://www.giss.nasa.gov/research/briefs/2010_schmidt_05/ | foilsitheoir = NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies – Science Briefs}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=NOAA2022&gt;{{lua idirlín | dáta = 3 June 2022 | teideal = Carbon dioxide now more than 50% higher than pre-industrial levels | url = https://www.noaa.gov/news-release/carbon-dioxide-now-more-than-50-higher-than-pre-industrial-levels | dátarochtana = 30 Lúnasa 2022 | foilsitheoir = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | teanga = en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=methane2023&gt;{{lua idirlín | teideal = Understanding methane emissions | url = https://www.iea.org/reports/global-methane-tracker-2023/understanding-methane-emissions | foilsitheoir = International Energy Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=epa201601&gt;{{lua idirlín | teideal = Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions Data | dáta = 12 Eanáir 2016 | foilsitheoir = U. S. Environmental Protection Agency | url = https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data | archive-url = https://archive.today/20170125182854/https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data | archive-date = 25 January 2017 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20200218125157/https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data | archivedate = 18 Feabhra 2020 | dátarochtana = 24 Meán Fómhair 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=EPA_GHGdata&gt;{{lua idirlín | dáta = 12 Eanáir 2016 | teideal = Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions Data | url = https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191205123907/https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data | archive-date = 5 December 2019 | access-date = 30 December 2019 | foilsitheoir = [[United States Environmental Protection Agency|U.S. Environmental Protection Agency]] | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20200218125157/https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data | archivedate = 18 Feabhra 2020 | dátarochtana = 24 Meán Fómhair 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=Canadell-2021&gt;Canadell, J.G., P.M.S. Monteiro, M.H. Costa, L. Cotrim da Cunha, P.M. Cox, A.V. Eliseev, S. Henson, M. Ishii, S. Jaccard, C. Koven, A. Lohila, P.K. Patra, S. Piao, J. Rogelj, S. Syampungani, S. Zaehle, and K. Zickfeld, 2021: [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Chapter05.pdf Chapter 5: Global Carbon and other Biogeochemical Cycles and Feedbacks]. In [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/ Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 673–816, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.007.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=eps2015&gt;{{lua idirlín | teideal = Climate Change Indicators: Greenhouse Gases | dáta = 16 Nollaig 2015 | foilsitheoir = U.S. Environmental Protection Agency | url = https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/greenhouse-gases}}&lt;/ref&gt; while methane lasts in the atmosphere for an average of only 12 years.

&lt;ref name=methemiss2023&gt;{{lua idirlín | teideal = Understanding methane emissions | foilsitheoir = International Energy Agency | url = https://www.iea.org/reports/global-methane-tracker-2023/understanding-methane-emissions}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=epa201606&gt;{{lua idirlín | teideal = Climate Change Indicators: Atmospheric Concentrations of Greenhouse Gases | url = https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/climate-change-indicators-atmospheric-concentrations-greenhouse-gases | work = epa.gov | dáta = 27 Meitheamh 2016 | foilsitheoir = U.S. Environmental Protection Agency | dátarochtana = 20 Meitheamh 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=Lindsey&gt;{{lua idirlín | sloinne = Lindsey | ainm = Rebecca | teideal = Climate Change: Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide | url = https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-atmospheric-carbon-dioxide | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130624204311/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-atmospheric-carbon-dioxide | archive-date = 24 June 2013 | dátarochtana = 2020-03-02 | work = climate.gov | archivedate = 2013-06-24 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20130624204311/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-atmospheric-carbon-dioxide}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=Forster2024&gt;{{Cite journal | last1=Forster | first1=Piers M. | last2=Smith | first2=Chris | last3=Walsh | first3=Tristram | last4=Lamb | first4=William F. | last5=Lamboll | first5=Robin | last6=Hall | first6=Bradley | last7=Hauser | first7=Mathias | last8=Ribes | first8=Aurélien | last9=Rosen | first9=Debbie | last10=Gillett | first10=Nathan P. | last11=Palmer | first11=Matthew D. | last12=Rogelj | first12=Joeri | last13=von Schuckmann | first13=Karina | last14=Trewin | first14=Blair | last15=Allen | first15=Myles | date=2024-06-05 | title=Indicators of Global Climate Change 2023: annual update of key indicators of the state of the climate system and human influence |url=https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/16/2625/2024/ |journal=Earth System Science Data |language=en |volume=16 |issue=6 |pages=2625–2658 |doi=10.5194/essd-16-2625-2024 |bibcode=2024ESSD...16.2625F |doi-access=free |issn=1866-3516}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=Carbon-Brief-2020&gt;{{lua idirlín | dáta = 2020-12-04 | teideal = Analysis: When might the world exceed 1.5C and 2C of global warming? | url = https://www.carbonbrief.org/analysis-when-might-the-world-exceed-1-5c-and-2c-of-global-warming | dátarochtana = 2021-06-17 | work = Carbon Brief | teanga = en | archive-date=6 June 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210606135004/https://www.carbonbrief.org/analysis-when-might-the-world-exceed-1-5c-and-2c-of-global-warming | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=&quot;NASACO2&quot;&gt;{{lua idirlín |teideal=Science Briefs: Greenhouse Gases: Refining the Role of Carbon Dioxide |url=http://www.giss.nasa.gov/research/briefs/ma_01/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050112211604/http://www.giss.nasa.gov/research/briefs/ma_01/ |archive-date=2005-01-12 |access-date=2016-04-26 |website=NASA GISS |author1=Qiancheng Ma |date=March 1998 |dátarochtana=2026-09-24 |archivedate=2005-01-12 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050112211604/http://www.giss.nasa.gov/research/briefs/ma_01/ }}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=&quot;Trenberth2003&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Karl TR, Trenberth KE |year=2003 |title=Modern global climate change |url=https://zenodo.org/record/1230878 |via=Zenodo |s2cid-access=free |url-status=live |journal=Science |volume=302 |issue=5651 |pages=1719–23 |bibcode=2003Sci...302.1719K |doi=10.1126/science.1090228 |pmid=14657489 |s2cid=45484084 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210422194919/https://zenodo.org/record/1230878 |archive-date=22 April 2021 |access-date=26 July 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=IEA-2023&gt;{{lua idirlín | teideal =Global Methane Tracker 2023 |date=21 February 2023 |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-methane-tracker-2023 |publisher=International Energy Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}</text>
      <sha1>eh7gsbft2svicr1mni0jjnvjwc90z51</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Úsáideoir:TheCraftyCailleach/Clár Dubh</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>117763</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328791</id>
      <parentid>1306460</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T12:05:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>TheCraftyCailleach</username>
        <id>60790</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Annie Bhán Mac Grianna */ uasdátú le foinse</comment>
      <origin>1328791</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3382" sha1="absgwr18vawdsjhqmde5eu5gp7x4gdn" xml:space="preserve">
Mo Chlár Dubh

== '''Annie Bhán Mac Grianna''' ==

'''Annie Bhán Mac Grianna''' (1892 nó 1893 – 20 Feabhra 1963) ab ea an [[seanchaí]] seo as [[Rann na Feirste]] i n[[An Ghaeltacht|Gaeltacht]] [[Tír Chonaill|Thír Chonaill]].&lt;ref name=&quot;ainm&quot;&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.ainm.ie/Bio.aspx?ID=2144|teideal=MAC GRIANNA, Annie Bhán (1893–1963)|work=ainm.ie|dátarochtana=2026-09-27|language=ga}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;doegen&quot;&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk/oduibhin/doegen/aggriannaf_biog.htm|teideal=Feidhlimidh 'ac Grianna|work=Ulster Doegen Recordings|dátarochtana=2026-09-27|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba dheirfiúr í le [[Seán ‘Bán’ Mac Grianna]], [[Seosamh Mac Grianna]], [[Domhnall Ó Grianna]] agus [[Séamus Ó Grianna]]. Ba é [[Féilimí Dhónaill Phroinsiais]] a hathair agus ba í Máire Shéamuisín Ní Dhomhnaill a máthair. Bhí aon duine déag sa chlann, ach fuair beirt díobh bás ina naíonáin. Col ceathar di an scéalaí Neidí Frainc Mac Grianna.&lt;ref name=&quot;ainm&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;doegen&quot;/&gt;

Bhailigh [[Aodh Ó Duibheannaigh]] (''Hiúdaí Phadaí Hiúdaí'') agus [[Gordon Mac Gill-Fhinnein]] scéalta agus seanchas uaithi atá breis is 2,800 leathanach ar fad i g[[Cnuasach Bhéaloideas Éireann]].&lt;ref name=&quot;ainm&quot;/&gt; Idir 1937 agus 1939 a bhailigh Ó Duibheannaigh an chuid is mó den ábhar,&lt;ref name=&quot;OD&quot;&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.ainm.ie/Bio.aspx?ID=1674|teideal=Ó DUIBHEANNAIGH, Aodh (1914–1984)|work=ainm.ie|dátarochtana=2026-09-27|language=ga}}&lt;/ref&gt; agus bhailigh Mac Gill-Fhinnein seacht scéal uaithi 22 bliain ina dhiaidh sin.&lt;ref name=&quot;ainm&quot;/&gt; Foilsíodh thart ar an gcúigiú cuid déag den bhailiúchán in ''Seanchas Annie Bhán / The Lore of Annie Bhán'' (1997), in eagar agus aistrithe ag [[Alan Harrison]] agus [[Máiri Nic Gill-Fhinnein]].&lt;ref name=&quot;ainm&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;leabhar&quot;&gt;MacLennan, Gordon W. (1997). ''Seanchas Annie Bhán / The Lore of Annie Bhán''. Alan Harrison agus Máiri Elena Crook a chuir in eagar agus a d'aistrigh. Baile Átha Cliath: The Seanchas Annie Bhán Publication Committee. ISBN 1898473846.&lt;/ref&gt; D'iarr [[Acadamh Ríoga na hÉireann]] ar Mhac Gill-Fhinnein concordáid dá stór focal a ullmhú, ach níor tugadh an obair sin chun críche.&lt;ref name=&quot;ainm&quot;/&gt;

Roghnaíodh í féin agus Seán Bán le páirt a ghlacadh in Oícheanta Seanchais [[Gael Linn]] ag deireadh na 1950idí.&lt;ref name=&quot;seanban&quot;&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.ainm.ie/Bio.aspx?ID=0448|teideal=MAC GRIANNA, Seán Bán (1905–1979)|work=ainm.ie|dátarochtana=2026-09-27|language=ga}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sa bhliain 1962 bhí sí fostaithe mar scéalaí sa choláiste samhraidh a bhunaigh Mac Gill-Fhinnein in [[Anagaire]].&lt;ref name=&quot;ainm&quot;/&gt; Bhí nóta ag [[Seán Ó Súilleabháin]] go raibh sí dall, ach dar le Mac Gill-Fhinnein nárbh fhíor sin agus gur lagradharc a bhí aici. Chuir sé síos uirthi mar dhuine coimeádach, traidisiúnta ina dearcadh.&lt;ref name=&quot;ainm&quot;/&gt;&lt;!-- Níl foinse ar líne aimsithe fós: &quot;bhí cáil uirthi mar dhuine sóisialta, cineálta, agus fuinniúil, ach le tuairimí láidre nuair a spreagtaí í.&quot; Seiceáil in MacLennan 1997. --&gt; Níor phós sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;doegen&quot;/&gt; 

Fuair sí bás ar an 20 Feabhra 1963 san Ospidéal Ceantair sa [[An Clochán Liath|Chlochán Liath]], [[Contae Dhún na nGall]].&lt;ref name=&quot;ainm&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;doegen&quot; /&gt;

== Tagairtí ==
&lt;references responsive=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;/references&gt;</text>
      <sha1>absgwr18vawdsjhqmde5eu5gp7x4gdn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Úsáideoir:Marcas.oduinn/Clár Dubh/Téamh Domhanda</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>120000</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328813</id>
      <parentid>1328788</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T22:38:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marcas.oduinn</username>
        <id>33120</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Poitéinseal téimh dhomhanda */</comment>
      <origin>1328813</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6849" sha1="sbn24t4lui19gx43dncvmwk8pssiepu" xml:space="preserve">[ [[Úsáideoir:Marcas.oduinn/Tionscadal|Tionscadal]] ]

== Ceanntásc ==

••• [[:Úsáideoir:TGcoa]] ••• '' príomhscríbhneoir

* [[Téamh domhanda]] '' Global warming 
* [[Aeráid]] '' Climate
* [[Tonn teasa]] '' Heat wave
* [[Falscaí]] '' Wild fire
* [[Dífhoraoisiú]] '' Deforestation
* [[Eostatacht]] '' Eustacy


* [[:Catagóir:Téamh domhanda]]
** [[:Catagóir:Athrú aeráide]]

* [[:Catagóir:Fuinneamh]]
** [[:Catagóir:Fuinneamh inbhuanaithe]]
*** [[:Catagóir:Fuinneamh in-athnuaite]]
**** [[:Catagóir:Cumhacht gréine]]
**** [[:Catagóir:Cumhacht ghaoithe]]
**** [[:Catagóir:Cumhacht gheoiteirmeach]]


{| class= wikitable 
|+ Fuinneamh (J) nó cumhacht (W = J/s)

! Cineál !! Fuinneamh !! Cumhacht
|-
| Grian
| [[Grianfhuinneamh]]
| [[Grianchumhacht]]
|-
| Gaoth
| [[Fuinneamh gaoithe]]
| [[Cumhacht ghaoithe]]
|-
| Uisce
| [[Fuinneamh hiodrálach]]
| [[Hidrileictreachas]]
|-
| Geo
| [[Fuinneamh geoiteirmeach]]
| [[Cumhacht gheoiteirmeach]]
|-
| Bith
| [[Bithbhreosla]]
| [[]]
|-
| Tonn
| [[Fuinneamh tonnta]]
| [[Cumhacht tonnta]]
|}

== Ábhair ==
=== Cúiseanna ===
* [[Gás ceaptha teasa]], [[Astaíochtaí gás ceaptha teasa]]
# [[Astaíochtaí dé-ocsaíd charbóin]]
#* [[Astaíochtaí gás ceaptha teasa de bharr talamhaíochta]], [[Lorg carbóin]]
# ''[[:en:Global warming potential|Global warming potential]]'' - [[Poitéinseal téimh dhomhanda]]
# ''[[:en:Effects of climate change|Effects of climate change]]'' - [[Éifeachtaí an athraithe aeráide]]

=== Aontas Eorpach ===
* [[:Catagóir:An tAontas Eorpach agus an comhshaol]] &amp;#8658; [[:Catagóir:Beartas comhshaoil san AE]] &amp;#8658; [[:Catagóir:Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip]], &lt;s&gt;an [[Comhaontú Glas Don Eoraip]]=&lt;/s&gt;an [[Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip]], [[Cláir Réime um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch]], [[Fís 2020]], [[Fís Eorpach]], [[Clár LIFE]], [[Oiriúnach do 55]], [[Sásra um Choigeartú Carbóin ar Theorainneacha an AE]]=[[Sásra Coigeartaithe Carbóin ar Theorainneacha an AE]]

=== Teicneolaíocht agus geilleagar ===
* ''[[:en:Renewable energy|Renewable energy]]'' - [[Fuinneamh in-athnuaite]], [[Fuinneamh inbhuanaithe]], [[:Catagóir:Fuinneamh inbhuanaithe]], [[:Catagóir:Fuinneamh gheoiteirmeach]], [[Cumhacht gheoiteirmeach]], [[Téamh geoiteirmeach]]
# ''[[:en:Heat pump|Heat pump]]'' - [[Teaschaidéal]]
# ''[[:en:Earth's internal heat budget|Earth's internal heat budget]]'' - [[Buiséad teasa inmheánaigh an Domhain]]
#  [[Fuinneamh gaoithe]]=[[Cumhacht ghaoithe]]
# ''[[:en:Wave power|Wave power]]'' - [[Cumhacht tonnta]]
# ''[[:en:Net-zero emissions|Net-zero emissions]]'' - [[Neodracht carbóin]]=[[Astaíochtaí glan-nialais]]
# ''[[:en:Fossil fuel subsidies|Fossil fuel subsidies]]'' - [[Fóirdheontas breosla iontaise]]
# ''[[:en:Carbon tariff|Carbon tariff]]'' - [[Tairif carbóin]]
# ''[[:en:Carbon pricing|Carbon pricing]]'' - [[Praghsáil carbóin]]
# ''[[:en: Carbon capture and storage| Carbon capture and storage]]'' - [[Gabháil agus stóráil carbóin]]
# ''[[:en:Circular economy|Circular economy]]'' - [[Geilleagar ciorclach]]
# ''[[:en:International Energy Agency|International Energy Agency]]'' - [[an Ghníomhaireacht Idirnáisiúnta Fuinnimh]]
#* [[an Ghníomhaireacht Idirnáisiúnta Fuinnimh In-athnuaite]]
# ''[[:en:Sustainable Development Goals|Sustainable Development Goals]]'' - [[Sprioc Forbartha Inbhuanaithe]]
# ''[[:en:Toxic waste|Toxic waste]]'' - [[Dramhaíl nimhiúil]]
# ''[[:en:Public transport|Public transport]]'' - [[Iompar poiblí]]

== Poitéinseal téimh dhomhanda ==

[[Íomhá:Perfluorotributylamine-global-warming-potential.jpg | mion | '' Poitéinseal téimh dhomhanda (PTD) de thrí {{h|gás ceaptha teasa}} thar tréimhse 100-bliain (PTD-100) an tona: [[sárfhluaraitríbhúitiolaimín]] (PFTBA), [[ocsaíd nítriúil]] agus [[meatán]], i gcomórtas le [[dé-ocsaíd charbóin]] (ag a bhfuil PTD a haon aici mar tagairt).]]


'' '''Poitéinseal téimh dhomhanda''' ('''PTD''' / GWT) is a measure of how much heat a [[gás ceaptha teasa]] (GHG) traps in the [[atmaisféar]] over a specific time period, relative to [[dé-ocsaíd charbóin]] (CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;).&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=2232}}  It is a [[dimensionless quantity]] expressed as a multiple of warming caused by the same [[mais]] of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. Therefore, by definition CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; has a PTD of 1.  For other gases, it depends on how strongly the gas absorbs thermal [[Astaíocht leictreamaighnéadach|radiation]], how quickly it leaves the atmosphere, and the time frame considered.

'' For example, [[astaíochtaí meatáin|meatán]] (CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;) has a PTD over 20 years (PTD-20) of 81.2&lt;ref name=:0 /&gt; meaning that, a [[Fugitive gas emissions|leak]] of a [[tona]] of methane is equivalent to emitting 81.2 tonnes of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, both measured over 20 years.  As methane has a much shorter atmospheric lifetime than CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, its PTD is much less over longer time periods, with a PTD-100 of 27.9 and a PTD-500 of 7.95.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;{{Rp|page=7SM-24}}

'' [[Astaíochtaí gás ceaptha teasa]] can be expressed in terms of '''carbon dioxide equivalent mass''' or just '''carbon dioxide equivalent''' (symbolized CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;e) can be calculated from the PTD and emitted mass.  For any gas, it is the mass of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; that would warm the earth as much as the mass of that gas.  Thus it provides a common scale for measuring the [[Éifeachtaí an athraithe aeráide]] of different gases.  It is calculated as PTD times mass of the other gas; it is typically expressed in gigatonne (Gt).

== Tagairtí 
{{reflist | refs =

&lt;ref name=:0&gt;{{citation | title=7.SM.6 Tables of greenhouse gas lifetimes, radiative efficiencies and metrics | date=2021 | url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Chapter_07_Supplementary_Material.pdf | page=7SM-24 | publisher=[[IPCC]]}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;IPCC, 2021: Annex VII: [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_AnnexVII.pdf Glossary] [Matthews, J.B.R., V. Möller, R. van Diemen, J.S. Fuglestvedt, V. Masson-Delmotte, C.  Méndez, S. Semenov, A. Reisinger (eag.)], in [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/ Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, B. Zhou (eag.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Ríocht Aontaithe agus Nua Eabhrac, NE, SAM, ll. 2215–2256, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.022.&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

[[Catagóir:Astaíochtaí gás ceaptha teasa]]

== Buntásc ==
__NOINDEX__
__NOTOC__</text>
      <sha1>sbn24t4lui19gx43dncvmwk8pssiepu</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1328836</id>
      <parentid>1328813</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-28T08:30:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marcas.oduinn</username>
        <id>33120</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Poitéinseal téimh dhomhanda */</comment>
      <origin>1328836</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6844" sha1="0v58e09vzu8bjzokez3tvo10i35s0x8" xml:space="preserve">[ [[Úsáideoir:Marcas.oduinn/Tionscadal|Tionscadal]] ]

== Ceanntásc ==

••• [[:Úsáideoir:TGcoa]] ••• '' príomhscríbhneoir

* [[Téamh domhanda]] '' Global warming 
* [[Aeráid]] '' Climate
* [[Tonn teasa]] '' Heat wave
* [[Falscaí]] '' Wild fire
* [[Dífhoraoisiú]] '' Deforestation
* [[Eostatacht]] '' Eustacy


* [[:Catagóir:Téamh domhanda]]
** [[:Catagóir:Athrú aeráide]]

* [[:Catagóir:Fuinneamh]]
** [[:Catagóir:Fuinneamh inbhuanaithe]]
*** [[:Catagóir:Fuinneamh in-athnuaite]]
**** [[:Catagóir:Cumhacht gréine]]
**** [[:Catagóir:Cumhacht ghaoithe]]
**** [[:Catagóir:Cumhacht gheoiteirmeach]]


{| class= wikitable 
|+ Fuinneamh (J) nó cumhacht (W = J/s)

! Cineál !! Fuinneamh !! Cumhacht
|-
| Grian
| [[Grianfhuinneamh]]
| [[Grianchumhacht]]
|-
| Gaoth
| [[Fuinneamh gaoithe]]
| [[Cumhacht ghaoithe]]
|-
| Uisce
| [[Fuinneamh hiodrálach]]
| [[Hidrileictreachas]]
|-
| Geo
| [[Fuinneamh geoiteirmeach]]
| [[Cumhacht gheoiteirmeach]]
|-
| Bith
| [[Bithbhreosla]]
| [[]]
|-
| Tonn
| [[Fuinneamh tonnta]]
| [[Cumhacht tonnta]]
|}

== Ábhair ==
=== Cúiseanna ===
* [[Gás ceaptha teasa]], [[Astaíochtaí gás ceaptha teasa]]
# [[Astaíochtaí dé-ocsaíd charbóin]]
#* [[Astaíochtaí gás ceaptha teasa de bharr talamhaíochta]], [[Lorg carbóin]]
# ''[[:en:Global warming potential|Global warming potential]]'' - [[Poitéinseal téimh dhomhanda]]
# ''[[:en:Effects of climate change|Effects of climate change]]'' - [[Éifeachtaí an athraithe aeráide]]

=== Aontas Eorpach ===
* [[:Catagóir:An tAontas Eorpach agus an comhshaol]] &amp;#8658; [[:Catagóir:Beartas comhshaoil san AE]] &amp;#8658; [[:Catagóir:Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip]], &lt;s&gt;an [[Comhaontú Glas Don Eoraip]]=&lt;/s&gt;an [[Comhaontú Glas don Eoraip]], [[Cláir Réime um Thaighde agus Forbairt Theicneolaíoch]], [[Fís 2020]], [[Fís Eorpach]], [[Clár LIFE]], [[Oiriúnach do 55]], [[Sásra um Choigeartú Carbóin ar Theorainneacha an AE]]=[[Sásra Coigeartaithe Carbóin ar Theorainneacha an AE]]

=== Teicneolaíocht agus geilleagar ===
* ''[[:en:Renewable energy|Renewable energy]]'' - [[Fuinneamh in-athnuaite]], [[Fuinneamh inbhuanaithe]], [[:Catagóir:Fuinneamh inbhuanaithe]], [[:Catagóir:Fuinneamh gheoiteirmeach]], [[Cumhacht gheoiteirmeach]], [[Téamh geoiteirmeach]]
# ''[[:en:Heat pump|Heat pump]]'' - [[Teaschaidéal]]
# ''[[:en:Earth's internal heat budget|Earth's internal heat budget]]'' - [[Buiséad teasa inmheánaigh an Domhain]]
#  [[Fuinneamh gaoithe]]=[[Cumhacht ghaoithe]]
# ''[[:en:Wave power|Wave power]]'' - [[Cumhacht tonnta]]
# ''[[:en:Net-zero emissions|Net-zero emissions]]'' - [[Neodracht carbóin]]=[[Astaíochtaí glan-nialais]]
# ''[[:en:Fossil fuel subsidies|Fossil fuel subsidies]]'' - [[Fóirdheontas breosla iontaise]]
# ''[[:en:Carbon tariff|Carbon tariff]]'' - [[Tairif carbóin]]
# ''[[:en:Carbon pricing|Carbon pricing]]'' - [[Praghsáil carbóin]]
# ''[[:en: Carbon capture and storage| Carbon capture and storage]]'' - [[Gabháil agus stóráil carbóin]]
# ''[[:en:Circular economy|Circular economy]]'' - [[Geilleagar ciorclach]]
# ''[[:en:International Energy Agency|International Energy Agency]]'' - [[an Ghníomhaireacht Idirnáisiúnta Fuinnimh]]
#* [[an Ghníomhaireacht Idirnáisiúnta Fuinnimh In-athnuaite]]
# ''[[:en:Sustainable Development Goals|Sustainable Development Goals]]'' - [[Sprioc Forbartha Inbhuanaithe]]
# ''[[:en:Toxic waste|Toxic waste]]'' - [[Dramhaíl nimhiúil]]
# ''[[:en:Public transport|Public transport]]'' - [[Iompar poiblí]]

== Poitéinseal téimh dhomhanda ==

[[Íomhá:Perfluorotributylamine-global-warming-potential.jpg | mion | '' Poitéinseal téimh dhomhanda (PTD) de thrí {{h|gás ceaptha teasa}} thar tréimhse 100-bliain (PTD-100) an tona: [[sárfhluaraitríbhúitiolaimín]] (PFTBA), [[ocsaíd nítriúil]] agus [[meatán]], i gcomórtas le [[dé-ocsaíd charbóin]] (ag a bhfuil PTD a haon aici mar thagairt).]]


'' '''Poitéinseal téimh dhomhanda''' ('''PTD''' / GWT) is a measure of how much heat a [[gás ceaptha teasa]] (GCT) traps in the [[atmaisféar]] over a specific time period, relative to [[dé-ocsaíd charbóin]] (CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;).&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=2232}}  It is a [[dimensionless quantity]] expressed as a multiple of warming caused by the same [[mais]] of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. Therefore, by definition CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; has a PTD of 1.  For other gases, it depends on how strongly the gas absorbs thermal [[Astaíocht leictreamaighnéadach|radiation]], how quickly it leaves the atmosphere, and the time frame considered.

'' For example, [[astaíochtaí meatáin|meatán]] (CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;) has a PTD over 20 years (PTD-20) of 81.2&lt;ref name=:0 /&gt; meaning that, a [[Fugitive gas emissions|leak]] of a [[tona]] of methane is equivalent to emitting 81.2 tonnes of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, both measured over 20 years.  As methane has a much shorter atmospheric lifetime than CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, its PTD is much less over longer time periods, with a PTD-100 of 27.9 and a PTD-500 of 7.95.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;{{Rp|page=7SM-24}}

'' [[Astaíochtaí gás ceaptha teasa]] can be expressed in terms of '''carbon dioxide equivalent mass''' or just '''carbon dioxide equivalent''' (symbolized CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;e), calculated from the PTD and emitted mass.  For any gas, it is the mass of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; that would warm the earth as much as the mass of that gas.  Thus it provides a common scale for measuring the [[Éifeachtaí an athraithe aeráide]] of different gases.  It is calculated as PTD times mass of the other gas; it is typically expressed in gigatonne (Gt).

== Tagairtí 
{{reflist | refs =

&lt;ref name=:0&gt;{{citation | title=7.SM.6 Tables of greenhouse gas lifetimes, radiative efficiencies and metrics | date=2021 | url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Chapter_07_Supplementary_Material.pdf | page=7SM-24 | publisher=[[IPCC]]}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;IPCC, 2021: Annex VII: [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_AnnexVII.pdf Glossary] [Matthews, J.B.R., V. Möller, R. van Diemen, J.S. Fuglestvedt, V. Masson-Delmotte, C.  Méndez, S. Semenov, A. Reisinger (eag.)], in [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/ Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, B. Zhou (eag.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Ríocht Aontaithe agus Nua Eabhrac, NE, SAM, ll. 2215–2256, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.022.&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

[[Catagóir:Astaíochtaí gás ceaptha teasa]]

== Buntásc ==
__NOINDEX__
__NOTOC__</text>
      <sha1>0v58e09vzu8bjzokez3tvo10i35s0x8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Agóidí san Iaráin 2026</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>122403</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328834</id>
      <parentid>1296642</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-28T03:46:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CommonsDelinker</username>
        <id>440</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ag baint [[:Íomhá:اعتراضات_دی_ماه_۱۴۰۴_ایران_(18299).jpg|اعتراضات_دی_ماه_۱۴۰۴_ایران_(18299).jpg]] amach, scrios [[commons:User:Krd|Krd]] é ón Chómhaoin mar: No license since 20 September 2026</comment>
      <origin>1328834</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3841" sha1="mftj1eqvch3c0aaafd2r38f6dnckrz2" xml:space="preserve">{{WD Bosca Sonraí Imeacht}}

Cuireadh tús le hagóidí ollmhóra san Iaráin ar an 28 Nollaig 2025.  Léiríonn na hagóidí seo ní amháin míshásacht an phobail san Iaráin le cúrsaí eacnamaíochta, ach leis an gcóras polaitíochta san iomlán.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://podcasts.apple.com/ca/podcast/3-ean%C3%A1ir-2026-tiobraid-%C3%A1rann/id1525428808?i=1000743615027|teideal=Nuacht Mhall,  (Tiobraid Árann)|údar=Conradh na Gaeilge, Londain|dáta=3 Eanáir 2026|language=ga-IE|work=Apple Podcasts|dátarochtana=2026-01-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Íomhá:Tehran's Abuzar Mosque was set on fire 8 (Tasnim, 2026).jpg|clé|mion|220x220px|9 Eanáir: Cuireadh Mosc Abuzar i Fallah, Tehran (17) trí thine]]
[[Íomhá:Crown Prince of IRAN Reza PAHLAVI EP-146067A AR2.jpg|clé|mion|330x330px|Reza PAHLAVI, mac an Shah (Mohammad Reza Pahlavi), ina chónaí i Washington DC]]

== Cúlra ==
Bhí an Iaráin faoi bhrú eacnamaíoch trom le tamall fada. Thit luach an rial (airgeadra na hIaráine) go dtí an leibhéal is ísle riamh - 1.4 milliún rial ar dhollar amháin - i ngeall ar [[Boilsciú|bhoilsciú]] mór. Bhí tionchar ag smachtbhannaí idirnáisiúnta agus an [[Cogadh Iosrael–Iaráin|cogadh 12 lá le hIosrael i Meitheamh 2025]] ar an staid eacnamaíoch. Chuir seo go léir isteach go mór ar chaighdeán maireachtála an phobail.

== Imeachtaí ==
'''Tús na n-agóidí'''

Thosaigh na hagóidí i dTehran sa Bhasár Mór ar an 28 Nollaig. Dhún siopadóirí a siopaí agus d'eagraigh siad stailceanna, chun an-mhíshásamh a chur in iúl  faoin mboilsciú agus faoin díluacháil tar éis titim an [[rial]], airgeadra na hIaráine, go dtí an luach is ísle riamh.. Tá tábhacht stairiúil leis na siopadóirí sa bhasár - bhí ról lárnach acu sa Réabhlóid in 1979.

Ar an lá céanna chuir an tUachtarán Masoud Pezeshkian buiséad an stáit i láthair sa pharlaimint (an Majles).  

'''Scaipeadh ar fud na tíre'''

Spreagadh agóidí i gcathracha ar fud na tíre.  Ghlac mic léinn ó ollscoileanna ar fud na hIaráine páirt sna léirsithe. Shroich na hagóidí gach ceann de 31 cúige na hIaráine. D'fhógair agóideoirí manaí in aghaidh an rialtais agus éilimh pholaitiúla níos leithne.

Bhí na hagóidí seo ar na cinn is mó san Iaráin ó [[agóidí Mahsa Amini]] in 2022 (gluaiseacht &quot;Bean, Beatha, Saoirse&quot;). D'fhéadfadh siad fiú a bheith ar na hagóidí is mó ón Réabhlóid in 1979.

'''Freagra an rialtais'''

Ar an 31 Nollaig, d'ordaigh an rialtas go ndúnfaí gach oifig agus gnó sa chuid is mó den tír ar feadh lae amháin - tugadh an aimsir fhuar mar leithscéal.

Ar an 5 Eanáir 2026, d'ordaigh Ceannasaí an Bhreithiúnais nach mbeadh &quot;aon trócaire&quot; le taispeáint do na hagóideoirí. Gabhadh mó ná 2,000 duine ag na húdaráis idir 31 Nollaig 2025 agus 9 Eanáir 2026

Ar an 8 Eanáir 2026, dhún údaráis na hIaráine an idirlíon. Cuireadh cosc ar chóras gutháin agus cuireadh eitiltí ar ceal chomh maith.  D'éirigh Mohammad Reza Farzin as a phost mar Gobharnóir ar Bhanc Ceannais na hIaráine agus ceapadh Abdolnasser Hemmati ina áit.

I dtús mí Eanáir, bhí na póilíní ag iarraidh na hagóideoirí a scaipeadh, ag baint úsáid as deoirgháis ar dtús.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;   Ansin baineadh úsáideadh as raidhfilí agus as millíní gránghunna. Maraíodh cúpla céad ar a laghad i rith an dara seachtain mhí Eanáir.

'''Idirnáisiúnta'''

Bhagair Donald Trump, Uachtarán na Stát Aontaithe, ar [[Truth Social]], díoltas a bhaint amach. Dúirt sé: &quot;Más rud é go dtosaíonn sibh (Rialtas na hIaráine ) ag scaoileadh, tosóimid ag scaoileadh chomh maith.&quot;

== Féach freisin ==

* [[Cogadh Iosrael–Iaráin]] 2025
* [[Agóidí Mahsa Amini]], 2022

== Tagairtí ==
{{reflist}}

[[Catagóir:Stair na hIaráine]]
[[Catagóir:2026]]
[[Catagóir:Agóidí]]</text>
      <sha1>mftj1eqvch3c0aaafd2r38f6dnckrz2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Lá Ceoil na Breataine Bige</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>123115</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328825</id>
      <parentid>1298069</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-28T00:25:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>47196</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>1328825</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5897" sha1="6euedck7trqdlyb4j483j80z0njpwkr" xml:space="preserve">{{WD Bosca Sonraí Imeacht
|v_image=Dydd Miwsig Cymru official logo.png
}}

[[Íomhá:Welsh_Language_Music_Day.jpg|alt=|mion|upright|Lá Ceoil na Breataine Bige 2017 sa Chastle Emporium, Sráid na Bó Deirge (Stryd y Fuwch Goch / Womanby Street), [[Caerdydd]]]]
Is lá speisialta é '''Lá Ceoil na Breataine Bige''' (Breatnais: ''Dydd Miwsig Cymru,'' '''DMC''') a reáchtáiltear gach bliain chun ceol na Breatnaise a chur chun cinn. Tionóladh an chéad DMC sa bhliain 2016.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c_dIJfoM0C8&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.visitwales.com/info/language/poetry-motion-discover-language-wales|teideal=Poetry in motion - discover the language of Wales|dáta=2 Aibreán 2013|dátarochtana=3 Bealtaine 2019|work=www.visitwales.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; D’fhéadfaí a áiteamh go mbeadh ‘Lá Ceoil na Breatnaise’ níos beaichte.

== Tacaíocht ==
Tacaíonn Aonad na Breatnaise laistigh de [[Rialtas na Breataine Bige]] le cuid d'imeachtaí an Lae agus tugann siad maoiniú dóibh. Is é cuspóir an lae ná daoine a thaitníonn raidhse chineálacha ceoil chomhaimseartha a shásamh, ag taispeáint go bhfuil gach uile chineál ceoil ar fáil sa [[An Bhreatnais|Bhreatnais]].&lt;ref&gt;https://llyw.cymru/dydd-miwsig-cymru&lt;/ref&gt; Déantar iarracht lucht féachana nó meáin chumarsáide Béarla a fháil agus bheith tarraingteach dóibh,&lt;ref&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yuabXzcgzx8&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.godisinthetvzine.co.uk/2019/02/08/playlist-dydd-miwsig-cymru-welsh-language-music-day-2019/&lt;/ref&gt; agus d'fhoghlaimeoirí na Breatnaise.&lt;ref&gt;https://dysgucymraeg.cymru/newyddion/dydd-miwsig-cymru/&lt;/ref&gt;

I measc na n-eagraíochtaí eile atá mar chuid den eagrú agus den chur chun cinn tá: Mentrau Iaith Cymru, [[Sŵn]], [[BBC Cymru Wales|BBC Horizons]], Forté Project, Clwb Ifor Bach agus Big Fish Little Fish.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.walesonline.co.uk/whats-on/music-nightlife-news/whats-happening-welsh-language-music-14268316|title=This is what's happening for Welsh Language Music Day|author=Mainwaring|first=Rachel|date=9 February 2018|work=walesonline|access-date=3 May 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Stair ==
[[Íomhá:Womanby Street Cardiff.JPG|mion|upright|Clwb Ifor Bach]]
Tionóladh an chéad Lá sa bhliain 2013. Ó shin i leith, tá réimse leathan ealaíontóirí Breatnaise páirteach sa cheiliúradh, ina measc; Mellt, [[Gwenno Saunders]], The Gentle Good, Chroma, [[Adwaith]], Candelas, Meic Stevens, [[Los Blancos]], agus Alffa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.nme.com/blogs/nme-blogs/celebrate-welsh-language-music-day-2018-2234002|title=How to celebrate Welsh Language Music Day 2018|author=Bartleet|first=Larry|date=1 February 2018|language=en-US|work=NME|access-date=3 May 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Duine de phríomh-phoiblitheoirí an Lae is ea an láithreoir agus DJ Huw Stephens, a bhíonn ag craoladh ar [[BBC Radio 1|BBC Radio 1.]] Déanann an ócáid iarracht ceol Breatnaise a chur i láthair i mBéarla.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NHw-GmJGRpM&lt;/ref&gt; Baintear úsáid as réaltaí Breatnaise agus ceoltóirí Breatnaise freisin ar nós an aisteoir [[Rhys Ifans]]&lt;ref&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7l32UP5PoB4&amp;list=PLo_vSnVxtcrBWKFFy-LbDzV4WAZGsAhxv&amp;index=3&lt;/ref&gt; agus an t-aisteoir Ruth Jones.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web-en|url=https://www.workingword.co.uk/latest/2020/02/07/aweekatapragency203/|title=copi archif|access-date=2021-09-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210903095304/https://www.workingword.co.uk/latest/2020/02/07/aweekatapragency203/|archive-date=2021-09-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Imeachtaí ==
Déantar an lá a chur chun cinn ar roinnt bealaí:

* Léirithe ceoil agus gigeanna beo, lena n-áirítear i scoileanna ar nós Scoil Glantaf, Caerdydd&lt;ref&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nXKXr-QDUbM&lt;/ref&gt; Scoil Gyfun Llanhari&lt;ref&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aMHlUF_1IDU&amp;list=PLo_vSnVxtcrBWKFFy-LbDzV4WAZGsAhxv&amp;index=10&lt;/ref&gt; agus ionaid uirbeacha agus ionaid siopadóireachta.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=caTMQ22W-PM&amp;list=PLo_vSnVxtcrBWKFFy-LbDzV4WAZGsAhxv&amp;index=1&lt;/ref&gt;
* Uaslódáil agus roinnt an cheoil Bhreatnaise ar líne agus trí shruthú mar shampla ar [[Spotify]] de réir blas nó spéis sa cheoil.&lt;ref&gt;https://open.spotify.com/playlist/3eQWTVqtktAQ5ALltHFZcQ&lt;/ref&gt;
* Comhráite, agallaimh agus cur i láthair ar cheol na Breatnaise.&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín |url=https://www.amam.cymru/miwsig/gwyl-dydd-miwsig-cymru-festival |teideal=Cóip cartlainne |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250121112957/https://www.amam.cymru/miwsig/gwyl-dydd-miwsig-cymru-festival |archivedate=2025-01-21 |dátarochtana=2026-02-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Amhráin agus agallaimh ar raidió agus teilifís na Breatnaise,&lt;ref&gt;https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m0002ctz&lt;/ref&gt; agus díriú ar mheáin chumarsáide an Bhéarla&lt;ref&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BlYLCAnZq9Q&lt;/ref&gt; sa bhreis ar an mBreatnais.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/1H2VM7srjpXYkk2gkx6qJxz/5-ways-to-celebrate-dydd-miwsig-cymru-welsh-language-music-day-with-bbc-cymru-wales&lt;/ref&gt;
* Gníomhú trí líonra Mentrau Iaith Cymru chun gigeanna agus imeachtaí a eagrú i scoileanna agus i bpobail.

== Naisc ==
* Suíomh Lá Ceoil na Breataine Bige: [https://llyw.cymru/dydd-miwsig-cymru llyw.cymru/dydd-miwsig-cymru]
* [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLo_vSnVxtcrBWKFFy-LbDzV4WAZGsAhxv Leathanach YouTube Lá Ceoil na Breataine Bige]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i_eKzxQkyNc 'Beth yw Dydd Miwsig Cymru? Cad is Lá Ceoil na Breataine Bige ann?' le Huw Stephens (2019)]

== Tagairtí ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:La Ceoil na Breataine Bige}}
[[Catagóir:Ceol na Breatnaise|*]]
[[Catagóir:Ceol na Breataine Bige]]
[[Catagóir:An Bhreatnais]]
[[Catagóir:Rac-cheol]]
[[Catagóir:Rapcheol]]
[[Catagóir:Popcheol]]
[[Catagóir:Féilte rac-cheoil]]
[[Catagóir:Féilte ceoil]]
[[Catagóir:Bunaithe sa bhliain 2013]]
[[Catagóir:Bunaithe sna 2010í]]</text>
      <sha1>6euedck7trqdlyb4j483j80z0njpwkr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Foclóir téarmaí luibheolaíochta</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>123407</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328802</id>
      <parentid>1328747</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T14:14:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Conan Wolff</username>
        <id>51812</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>síol - seed</comment>
      <origin>1328802</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="48630" sha1="8ka61jndfkc52nt4gnev0stklpaafkn" xml:space="preserve">{{Teimpléad:Athbhreithniú}}
Míníonn an foclóir téarmaí luibheolaíochta seo téarmaí luibheolaíochta.

==A==
*'''achtanamorfach''' (''actinomorphic'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“achtanamorfach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/achtanamorfach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Fragaria vesca2.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Bláth achtanamorfach de ''[[Fragaria vesca]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn bláthanna aictiomorfacha ga-shiméadrach.&lt;ref&gt;Eckel, P. M. (n.d.). A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.mobot.org/mobot/latindict/keyDetail.aspx?keyWord=actinomorphic&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!--*'''acraifil''' (''acrophyll'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Duilleoga rialta de phlanda aibí, a tháirgtear os cionn an bhoinn, murab ionann is an bhasaifil.--&gt;
*'''aicéin''' (''achene'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“aicéin.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/aic%C3%A9in/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is toradh tirim, neamhoscailte, aon-shíolach é aicéin. Níl an síol ceangailte de bhalla an toraidh ach ag pointe amháin. Fásann an toradh ó ubhagán uachtarach aon-sheoimrín.&lt;ref name = &quot;FTG Fruit type Glossary&quot;&gt;Glossary Fruit type. (2007). Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Virtual Herbarium (FTG). Retrieved April 18, 2026, from http://www.virtualherbarium.org/glossary/glossary.php?cid=65&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''aindréiciam''' (''androecium''  as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“aindréiciam.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 7, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/aindr%C3%A9iciam/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an aindréiciam an téarma comhchoiteann do na horgáin atáirgthe fireanna sa bhláth, atá comhdhéanta de na staimín.&lt;ref&gt;Androecium, stamen, staminate, staminode. (2026, February 23). Master Gardeners of Northern Virginia. Retrieved March 7, 2026, from https://mgnv.org/plants/glossary/androecium-stamen-staminate/&lt;/ref&gt;
{{Il-íomhánna
 | align = left
 | direction = horizontal
 | total_width = 180
 | header = 
 | image1 = 2020 year. Herbarium. Alchemilla vulgaris. img-014.jpg
 | alt1 = 
 | caption1 = onn-aiseach
 | image2 = 2020 year. Herbarium. Alchemilla vulgaris. img-008.jpg
 | alt2 = 
 | caption2 = all-aiseach
}}
*'''all-aiseach''' (''abaxial'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“all-aiseach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/all-aiseach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Aidiacht, a bhfuil a treo urchomhaireach le treo na haise (= taobh íochtair).&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--*'''andragíneafór''' (''androgynophore'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Gas ar a bhfuil an t-aindréiciam agus an gínéiciam de bhláth os cionn leibhéal ionsáite an pheirianta.--&gt;
&lt;!--*'''andramoinéiciach''' (''andromonoecious'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Córas annamh pórúcháin plandaí é andramoinéiciach ina dtáirgeann planda aonair bláthanna fireanna agus déghnéasacha araon.--&gt;
&lt;!--*'''andrafór''' (''androphore'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;An gas nó an colún a thacaíonn leis na staimíní i mbláthanna áirithe.--&gt;
*'''angaispeirm''' (''angiosperm'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“angaispeirm.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/angaispeirm/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) cross-section - 20080613.png|thumb|right|120px|In angaispeirm, bíonn na ubhúlaigh faoi iamh i gcairpéil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Bedecktsamer&quot; /&gt;]]&lt;/br&gt;Is grúpa plandaí iad na angiospermaigh a bhfuil ubhúlach acu atá iata i gcairpéil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Bedecktsamer&quot;&gt;Bedecktsamer. (2007, June 18). Lexikon Der Biologie. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.spektrum.de/lexikon/biologie/bedecktsamer/7737&lt;/ref&gt;

==B==
*'''baictéar fosaithe nítrigine''' (''nitrogen-fixing bacterium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;fosú nítrigine&quot;&gt;“fosú nítrigine.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/fos%C3%BA%20n%C3%ADtrigine/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Úsáideann baictéar fosaithe nítrigine einsím chun nítrigin atmaisféarach ({{Chem2|N2|auto=1}}) a thiontú go amóinia ({{Chem2|NH3|auto=1}}).&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot;&gt;Wagner, S. C. (2011). Biological Nitrogen Fixation. Nature Education. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/biological-nitrogen-fixation-23570419/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''baictéar nóidín''' (''nodule bacterium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;nóidín&quot;&gt;“nóidín.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/n%C3%B3id%C3%ADn/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Déanann baictéir nóidín, amhail ''[[Rhizobium]]'' nó ''[[Bradyrhizobium]]'', coilíniú ar na fréamhacha agus cruthaíonn siad nóidíní. Maireann na baictéir sna nóidíní. Soláthraíonn na fosaitheoirí nítrigine seo nítrigin don phlanda.&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;
*'''barraimsitheach''' (''acropetal'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“barraimsitheach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/barraimsitheach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Ciallaíonn an téarma ''barraimsitheach'' go dtosaíonn rud ag fás nó ag forbairt ag an mbun agus go leanann sé aníos i dtreo an bharr.&lt;ref name = &quot;Tropical Forages Glossary&quot;&gt;Cook BG, Pengelly BC, Schultze-Kraft R, Taylor M, Burkart S, Cardoso Arango JA, González Guzmán JJ, Cox K, Jones C, Peters M. &amp; International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia and International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya. (2020). Glossary. Tropical Forages: An Interactive Selection Tool. 2nd and Revised Edn. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://tropicalforages.info/text/entities/glossary.htm&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''bláthra''' (''inflorescence'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;bláthra&quot;&gt;“bláthra.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/bl%C3%A1thra/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is grúpa bláthanna é bláthra.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''bleib''' (''bulb'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“bleib.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/bleib/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:White onion cross section.jpg|thumb|right|70px|bleib]]&lt;/br&gt;Is gas faoi thalamh modhnaithe é bleibe, atá timpeallaithe ag duilleoga modhnaithe.&lt;ref&gt;What is a bulb? (2020, March 17). Michigan State University Extension. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/what-is-a-bulb&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''bliantóg''' (''annual plant'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“bliantóg.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/bliant%C3%B3g/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bláthaíonn agus faigheann bliantóg bás i mbliain amháin.&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Sorbus aucuparia vaisiai, 2006-0823.jpg|thumb|left|120px|Bréagthorthaí ''[[Sorbus aucuparia]]'']]
*'''bréagthoradh''' (''accessory fruit'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“bréagthoradh.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 5, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/br%C3%A9agthoradh/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; Is cineál toraidh é bréagthoradh a fhorbraíonn ó struchtúir cairpéil agus eachtarcairpéil araon.&lt;ref name = &quot;Bobrov &amp; Romanov, 2019&quot; /&gt;

==C==
*'''cill''' (''cell'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;cell&quot;&gt;“cell.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/cell/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is í cill an t-aonad struchtúrach bunúsach d'orgánaigh.&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''cill stórais''' (''storage cell'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;cell&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;D’fhéadfadh go mbeadh cainníochtaí móra polaisiúicrídí, próitéiní, lipidí,&lt;ref name = &quot;Fasseas, 1980&quot;&gt;Fasseas, C. (1980). [https://theses.gla.ac.uk/72881/1/10647162.pdf Fine structural studies on differentiation and dedifferentiation in the higher plant.]] University of Glasgow (United Kingdom).&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|1}} nó uisce i gcill stórais.&lt;ref name = &quot;Mauseth, 1995&quot;&gt;Mauseth, J. D. (1995). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2996453 Collapsible water-storage cells in cacti.] Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 145-151.&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''clóraplast''' (''chloroplast'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;clóraplast&quot;&gt;clóraplast. (n.d.-b). Gaois Research Group. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology/fiat/620910&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is orgánaid cheallach plandaí é an [[clóraplast]] a dhéanann an [[fótaisintéis]].&lt;ref name = &quot;clóraplast&quot; /&gt;
{{Il-íomhánna
 | align = left
 | direction = horizontal
 | total_width = 180
 | header = 
 | image1 = Inflorescences Corymb Kwiatostan BaldachGrono.svg
 | alt1 = 
 | caption1 = coirím raicéimeach&lt;!-- racemose corymb --&gt;
 | image2 = Schirmrispe (inflorescence).svg
 | alt2 = 
 | caption2 = coirím címeach&lt;!-- cymose corymb --&gt;
}}
*'''coirím''' (''corymb'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“coirím.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/coir%C3%ADm/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é coirím ina dtosaíonn na craobhacha ó phointí difriúla, ach sroicheann siad an airde chéanna.&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot; /&gt;
*'''coirt''' (''bark'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“coirt.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/coirt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is í an choirt an ciseal seachtrach cosanta de fhréamhacha agus gais plandaí adhmadacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''colúinín''' (''columella'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“colúinín.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/col%C3%BAin%C3%ADn/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is colún beag fíocháin é colúinín atá i lár capsúl.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''comhsheipealach''' (''gamosepalous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“comhsheipealach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/comhsheipealach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I gcailís chomhsheipealach bíonn na seipil comhleáite.&lt;ref&gt;Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. &amp; Coates Palgrave, M. (n.d.). Flora of Mozambique: Glossary details: gamosepalous. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.mozambiqueflora.com/speciesdata/glossary-display.php?glossary_id=318&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''crann''' (''tree'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“crann.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/crann/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Tree Silhouette - geograph.org.uk - 2274631.jpg|thumb|right|70px|crann]]&lt;/br&gt;Is planda adhmadach é crann le gas príomhúil amháin agus craobhacha tánaisteacha.&lt;ref&gt;Shrubs and trees: What defines a tree or a shrub? (2020, March 27). Los Angeles County Arboretum and Botanic Garden. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://arboretum.org/visit/library/online-exhibits/treasures-of-the-rare-book-collection-plants-of-mediterranean-climate-areas/shrubs-and-trees/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''crann fíliginiteach''' (''phylogenetic tree'' as Béarla&lt;!-- citation needed {{cn}} --&gt;)[[Íomhá:Crann.png|thumb|right|90px|Crann fíliginiteach]]&lt;/br&gt;Léiríonn [[crann fíliginiteach]] na gaolta idir orgánaigh éagsúla.&lt;ref name = &quot;Georgia Tech&quot;&gt;Phylogenetic Trees. (n.d.). Georgia Tech Biological Sciences. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://organismalbio.biosci.gatech.edu/biodiversity/phylogenetic-trees/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''crannlann''' (''arboretum'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“crannlann.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/crannlann/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is bailiúchán crann agus toir é [[crannlann]].&lt;ref&gt;Forschungsstelle Realienkunde  Zentralinstitut für Kunstgeschichte. (n.d.). Arboretum. RDK Labor. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.rdklabor.de/wiki/Arboretum&lt;/ref&gt;

==D==
*'''dé-éiciach''' (''dioecious'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“dé-éiciach.” (n.d.). téarma.ie. https://www.tearma.ie/q/d%C3%A9-%C3%A9iciach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn daoine aonair fireanna agus baineanna ar leith ag plandaí dé-éiciach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''dioplóideach''' (''diploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“dioplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/diopl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá dhá cheann de na tacair bhunúsacha crómasóm ag plandaí dioplóideacha sa núicléas.&lt;ref name = &quot;NSW Flora Glossary&quot;&gt;National Herbarium of NSW,  Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney, Australia. (n.d.). New South Wales Flora Online: Glossary of Botanical Terms. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&amp;glossary=yes&amp;alpha=A&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Cuscuta campestris sl22.jpg|thumb|left|130px|Diúlán an seadán éigeanta ''[[Cuscuta campestris]]'']]
*'''diúlán''' (''haustorium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“diúlán.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/di%C3%BAl%C3%A1n/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is orgán é diúlán trína n-ionsúnn seadán substaintí ceimiceacha óna óstach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;

==E==
*'''éaghasach''' (''acaulescent'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“éaghasach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 10, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/%C3%A9aghasach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Carlina acaulis RF.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Is planda éaghasach é ''[[Carlina acaulis]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Is plandaí gan gas iad plandaí éaghasacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''eipifít''' (''epiphyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“eipifít.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/eipif%C3%ADt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is planda é eipifít a fhásann ar phlanda eile, ach ní seadán é.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''eiseamláir an chineáil''' (''type specimen'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“eiseamláir an chineáil.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/eiseaml%C3%A1ir%20an%20chine%C3%A1il/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Cyne baetorta, HT, L39275.jpg|thumb|right|100px|An eiseamláir an chineáil de ''[[Cyne baetorta]]'' Barlow]]&lt;/br&gt;Sainmhíníonn agus déanann an eiseamláir an chineáil ionadaíocht ar tacsón. Feidhmíonn sé mar thagairt fhisiciúil don tacsón.&lt;ref&gt;Ashworth, J. (2025, November 18). What is a type specimen? Natural History Museum, London. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/what-is-a-type-specimen.html&lt;/ref&gt;

==F==
*'''fad idirnódach''' (''internode distance'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;internode&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá an fad idirnódach athraitheach. Féadfaidh sé athrú bunaithe ar an solas gréine atá ar fáil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Rare Plant Atlas&quot;&gt;Glossary. (n.d.). Rare Plant Atlas. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.rareplantatlas.com/glossary&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''faireog mheala''' (''nectary'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“faireog mheala.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/faireog%20mheala/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is struchtúr faireogach é faireog mheala a scaoileann leacht siúcrach (neachtar). Is féidir leis a bheith ina struchtúr i mbláth (faireog mheala bláthach), nó in áit eile ar an bplanda (faireog mheala eachtar-bláthach).&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''fearsaidchruthach''' (''fusiform'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“fearsaidchruthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/fearsaidchruthach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Ciallaíonn fearsaidchruthach cruth fearsaid, níos tibhe sa lár agus ag barrchaolú ag an dá cheann.&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''fialamán''' (''velamen'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“fialamán.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/fialam%C3%A1n/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an fialamán clúdach tiubh spúinseach na bhfréamhacha.&lt;ref&gt;Botanical nerd word: velamen. (2021, February 8). Toronto Botanical Garden. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://torontobotanicalgarden.ca/blog/word-of-the-week/word-of-the-week-velamen/&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Semele androgyna k4.jpg|thumb|left|140px|''[[Semele androgyna]]'' filleaclaid le torthaí]]
*'''filleaclad''' (''phylloclade'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“filleaclad.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/filleaclad/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; Is gas fótaisintéiseach cosúil le duilleog é filleaclad.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''fosú nítrigine''' (''nitrogen fixation'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;fosú nítrigine&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é fosú nítrigine an próiseas ina ndéantar nítrigin atmaisféarach ({{Chem2|N2|auto=1}}) a thiontú go amóinia ({{Chem2|NH3|auto=1}}).&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;
*'''fréamh chrapthach''' (''contractile root'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“fréamh chrapthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/fr%C3%A9amh%20chrapthach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Úsáideann plandaí fréamhacha chrapthach chun iad féin a tharraingt anuas.&lt;ref&gt;University of Florida, University of Kentucky, &amp; Texas A&amp;M University. (2023). Contractile Roots. PropG. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://propg.ifas.ufl.edu/07-geophytes/02-othergeophytes/01-geophytes-contractileroots.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''fréamhnóidín''' (''root nodule'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;nóidín&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Foirmítear nóidín fréimhe nuair a choilíniúnaíonn baictéir fosaithe nítrigine na fréamhacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;

==G==
*'''gaiméitifít''' (''gametophyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;gaiméitifít&quot; /&gt;[[File:Ricciocarpos natans.jpg|thumb|right|105px|Gaiméitifít de ''[[Ricciocarpos natans]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Fásann an gaiméitifít haplóideach ó spóir agus táirgeann sí gaiméite.&lt;ref name = &quot;gaiméitifít&quot;&gt;gaiméitifít. (n.d.). Gaois Research Group. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology/fiat/619447&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Dandelion seed dispersal.jpg|thumb|left|110px|gaothscaipeadh síl]]
*'''gaothscaipeadh síl''' (''anemochory'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“gaothscaipeadh síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/gaothscaipeadh%20s%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é gaothscaipeadh síl scaipeadh síolta leis an ngaoth.&lt;ref name = &quot;Lewis, 2019&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--*'''gasach''' (''caulescent'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Planda a bhfuil gas dea-fhorbartha aige os cionn na talún. Frithchiallach: ''gearrghasach'' (gan gas soiléir).--&gt;
*'''gínéiciam''' (''gynoecium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“gínéiciam.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 6, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/g%C3%ADn%C3%A9iciam/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an gínéiciam an téarma comhchoiteann do orgáin atáirgthe baineanna an bhlátha, atá comhdhéanta de na cairpéil.&lt;ref&gt;Gynoecium, Carpel, Pistil. (2025, February 22). Master Gardeners Northern Virginia. Retrieved March 6, 2026, from https://mgnv.org/plants/glossary/gynoecium-carpel-pistil/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!--*'''ginmhill''' (''abort'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Forbairt struchtúir nó orgáin a thréigean.--&gt;

==H==
*'''heitreaspórach''' (''heterosporous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“heitreaspórach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/heitreasp%C3%B3rach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Táirgeann plandaí heitreaspóracha dhá chineál spóir.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''homaspórach''' (''homosporous'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Planda nach bhfuil ach spóir de chineál amháin aige.&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary British Pteridological Society&quot; /&gt;

==I==
*'''idirnód''' (''internode'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;internode&quot;&gt;“internode.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/internode/&lt;/ref&gt;Is éard atá in idirnód an chuid de ghas idir dhá nód.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''ilseipealach''' (''polysepalous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“ilseipealach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/ilseipealach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I cailís ilseipealach, bíonn na séipéil scartha.&lt;ref&gt;Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. &amp; Coates Palgrave, M. (2026). Flora of Caprivi: Glossary details: polysepalous. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.capriviflora.com/speciesdata/glossary-display.php?glossary_id=565&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''inspeirm''' (''endosperm'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“inspeirm.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/inspeirm/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Cocos nucifera00.jpg|thumb|right|100px|An inspeirm bán de shíol ''[[Cocos nucifera]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid den síol é an inspeirm agus cothaíonn sé an spóraifít óg.&lt;ref&gt;Endosperm. (2007, June 18). Lexikon Der Biologie. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.spektrum.de/lexikon/biologie/endosperm/21284&lt;/ref&gt;

==L==
[[File:Latex collection 04.jpg|thumb|left|upright|90px|Laitéis]]
*'''laitéis''' (''latex'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“laitéis.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/lait%C3%A9is/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is sú bán de roinnt plandaí é laitéis.&lt;ref name = &quot;vPlants&quot; /&gt;
*'''lann''' (''lamina'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“lann.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/lann/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an lann an chuid leacaithe de dhuilleog, scartha ón ngas agus ó bhonn an duilleoige.&lt;ref&gt;Botanical nerd word: lamina. (2018, September 25). Toronto Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://torontobotanicalgarden.ca/blog/word-of-the-week/botanical-nerd-word-lamina/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''lansach''' (''lanceolate'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“lansach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 21, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/lansach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Leaf morphology lanceolate.png|thumb|right|140px|Duilleog lansach ]]&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn duilleog lansach caol agus ubhchruthach. Bíonn an pointe is leithne inti thíos leis an lár.&lt;ref name = &quot;The Pea Key, 2007&quot;&gt;The Australian Pea-flowered Legume Research Group. (2007). Leaf or leaflet shape. The Pea Key: An Interactive Key for Australian Pea-flowered Legumes. Retrieved March 21, 2026, from https://www.anbg.gov.au/cpbr/cd-keys/peakey/key/The%20Pea%20Key/Media/Html/41_leaf_shape.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''leictitíopa''' (''lectotype'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“leictitíopa.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/leictit%C3%ADopa/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is sintíopa é leictitíopa a roghnaítear níos déanaí mar an eiseamláir an chineáil.&lt;ref name = &quot;McGrouther, 2020&quot;&gt;McGrouther, M. (2020). Types of types. The Australian Museum. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://australian.museum/learn/animals/fishes/types-of-types/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''liathghorm''' (''glaucous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;IDM &amp; Foras na Gaeilge. (n.d.). glaucous. Foclóirí Ár Linne. Retrieved March 3, 2026, from https://www.focloir.ie/en/dictionary/ei/glaucous&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Picea pungens4.jpg|thumb|right|90px|Duilleoga liathghorm na ''[[Picea pungens]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Déanann an focal liathghorm cur síos ar dhromchla céiriúil atá idir ghorm agus liath.&lt;ref&gt;Eckel, P. M. (2023). A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 3, 2026, from https://www.mobot.org/mobot/latindict/keyDetail.aspx?keyWord=glaucous&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''luathbhaineannach''' (''protogynous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“luathbhaineannach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/luathbhaineannach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn céim baineann ag bláth luathbhaineannach roimh a chéim fhireann ar leith.&lt;ref&gt;New York Botanical Garden. (n.d.). Protogyny (protogynous). French Guianan E-Flora Project. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/projects/fg/glossary-details/?irn=1302&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''luathfhireannach''' (''protandrous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“luathfhireannach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/luathfhireannach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn céim fhireann ag bláth luathfhireannach roimh a chéim baineann ar leith.&lt;ref&gt;New York Botanical Garden. (n.d.-a). Protandry (protandrous). French Guianan E-Flora Project. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/projects/fg/glossary-details/?irn=1300&lt;/ref&gt;

==M==
*'''máthairshíol''' (''seed parent'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“máthairshíol.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved July 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/m%C3%A1thairsh%C3%ADol/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; An máthairshíol a thugtar ar an phlanda a fhásann an síol.&lt;ref&gt;MacRobert, J., Setimela, P. S., Gethi, J., &amp; Regasa, M. W. (2014). [https://excellenceinbreeding.org/sites/default/files/manual/98078.pdf Maize hybrid seed production manual.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260730221946/https://excellenceinbreeding.org/sites/default/files/manual/98078.pdf |date=2026-07-30 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''meigeagaiméitifít''' (''megagametophyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“meigeagaiméitifít.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/meigeagaim%C3%A9itif%C3%ADt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Cruthaítear an meigeagaiméitifít le fás na meigeaspóir. Gineann an meigeagaiméitifít gaiméit baineann an phlanda heitreaspórach.&lt;ref&gt;Government of South Australia. (2025, July 7). megagametophyte. Flora of South Australia. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://flora.sa.gov.au/glossary/megagametophyte&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''meigeaspór''' (''megaspore'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“meigeaspór.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/meigeasp%C3%B3r/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I bplandaí heitreaspóracha, is é an meigeaspór an cineál mór spóir. Fásann sé ina gaiméitifít baineann.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''meiteaxiléim''' (''metaxylem'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid den xiléim phríomhúil é an meiteaxiléim, ar céim luath í i bhforbairt an xiléim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;
*'''micreagaiméitifít''' (''microgametophyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“micreagaiméitifít.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 21, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/micreagaim%C3%A9itif%C3%ADt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Fásann an micreagaiméitifít ón micreaspór agus táirgeann sé na gaiméite fireann de phlanda heitreaspórach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''micreaspór''' (''microspore'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“micreaspór.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/micreasp%C3%B3r/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I bplandaí heitreaspóracha, is é an micreaspór an cineál beag spóir. Fásann sé ina gaiméitifít fhireann.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''micripíl''' (''micropyle'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“micripíl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/micrip%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cainéal beag é an micripíl a thrasnaíonn ionar ubhúlach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--*'''micreastrobalas''' (microstrobilus as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;https://www.tearma.ie/q/micro-/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://super.tearma.ie/q/strobilus/&lt;/ref&gt; An ceann is lú de dhá chineál bhuaircíní nó strobalas a tháirgeann gimnispeirmeacha, an ceann fireann é agus táirgeann sé an phailin.--&gt;

==N==
[[File:E mammillaris ies.jpg|thumb|left|70px|neachtar]]
*'''neachtar''' (''nectar'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;neachtar&quot;&gt;“neachtar.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/neachtar/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is leacht milis é neachtar a scaoileann faireog mheala na bláthanna mar luach saothair tarraingteach d'ainmhithe pailniúcháin.&lt;ref name = &quot;Betterbee&quot; /&gt;
*'''nideog éiceolaíoch''' (''ecological niche'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“nideog éiceolaíoch.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/nideog%20%C3%A9iceola%C3%ADoch/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard is nideog éiceolaíoch ann ná iomlán na gcaidreamh idir speiceas agus a comhshaol.&lt;ref name = &quot;Folkmann, 2019&quot;&gt;Folkmann, M. (2019). [https://grabbe-gymnasium.de/spr/biologie/AB%20Glossar%20Oekologie.pdf Glossar zur Ökologie.] Detmold; Christian-Dietrich-Grabbe-Gymnasium.&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''nód''' (''node'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“nód.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/n%C3%B3d/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é nód an pointe ar an gas as a bhfásann duilleoga nó craobhacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Devlin, 2026&quot; /&gt;
*'''nóidín fréimhe''' (''root nodule'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;nóidín&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Foirmítear nóidín fréimhe nuair a choilíniúnaíonn baictéir fosaithe nítrigine na fréamhacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;

==O==
*'''olasóm''' (''elaiosome'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“olasóm.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/olas%C3%B3m/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Afzelia africana1.jpg|thumb|right|140px|Síolta ''[[Afzelia africana]]'' a bhfuil olasóm oráiste orthu]]&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid chothaitheach de shíol é olasóm a mheallann ainmhithe cosúil le seangáin. Cuidíonn sé le scaipeadh síolta.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''onn-aiseach''' (''adaxial'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“onn-aiseach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved July 28, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/onn-aiseach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá dromchlaí onn-aiseach os comhair ais an struchtúir a bhfuil sé ceangailte leis.&lt;ref name = &quot;vPlants&quot; /&gt;

==P==
&lt;!--* '''peitínáit'''  (''petiolate'' as Béarla) aidiacht ina ndéantar cur síos ar dhuilleoga nó ar struchtúir bhitheolaíocha a bhfuil gas (peitín) orthu, agus iad ceangailte go díreach le gas nó brainse. &lt;ref&gt;https://www.tearma.ie/q/petiolate/ ??&lt;/ref&gt;--&gt;
*'''piorrachruthach''' (''pyriform'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;piorrachruthach&quot;&gt;“piorrachruthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/piorrachruthach/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Ficus pyriformis.JPG|thumb|right|125px|Torthaí piorrachruthacha an ''[[Ficus pyriformis]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Aidiacht, i gcruth péire.&lt;ref name = &quot;piorrachruthach&quot; /&gt;
*'''prótaixiléim''' (''protoxylem'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid den xiléim phríomhúil é an prótaixiléim, ar céim luath í i bhforbairt an xiléim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;

==R==
[[File:Inflorescences Raceme Kwiatostan Grono.svg|thumb|left|upright|55px|raicéim]]
*'''raicéim''' (''raceme'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“raicéim.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/raic%C3%A9im/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é raicéim le hais neamhroinnte ar a bhfuil bláthanna gasógacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot; /&gt;

==S==
&lt;!--*'''scoitheadh''' (''abscission'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Scaoileadh nádúrtha orgáin atá aibí nó sean, amhail toradh aibí nó duilleog aosta.--&gt;
&lt;!--*'''snáthaidiúil''' (acicular as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Caol nó snáthaidchruthach.--&gt;
*'''samár''' (''samara'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“samár.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sam%C3%A1r/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is toradh neamhoscailteach aonsíolta le sciatháin é samár.&lt;ref name = &quot;Gray, 1875&quot; /&gt;{{rp|p=79}}
*'''siogót''' (''zygote'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“siogót.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/siog%C3%B3t/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard atá i siogót an chill dhioplóideach a eascraíonn as comhleá gaiméit.&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''síol''' ('''seed''' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;síl&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard atá i síol suth agus a struchtúir chosanta agus a struchtúir chothaitheacha atá in ann forbairt ina phlanda.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''síol inphéactha''' (''germinable seed'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;síl&quot;&gt;“síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/s%C3%ADl/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá síolta inphéactha in ann forbairt ina síológ.&lt;ref&gt;Keimfähigkeit. (n.d.). Bundesverband Deutscher Pflanzenzüchter. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.bdp-online.de/de/Pflanzenzuechtung/Glossar/terms/Keimfaehigkeit/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''síológ''' (''seedling'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“síológ.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/s%C3%ADol%C3%B3g/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is planda beag é síológ a fhásann ó shíol agus de ghnáth ní bhíonn ach a cotailéadóin agus cúpla duilleog leis.&lt;ref name = &quot;Seed sowing glossary&quot;&gt;Seed sowing glossary. (n.d.). Foundation for Arable Research. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.far.org.nz/schools/seed-sowing-glossary&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Arum creticum Marmaris White.jpg|thumb|left|120px|''[[Arum creticum]]'' le spáidín bán agus spáideog buí]]
*'''spáideog''' (''spadix'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“spáideog.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sp%C3%A1ideog/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é spáideog ina mbíonn bláthanna ag fás ar ais tiubh, feolmhar.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''spáidín''' (''spathe'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“spáidín.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sp%C3%A1id%C3%ADn/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is bracht mór é spáidín a thimpeallaíonn an spáideog.&lt;ref name = &quot;Sterry, 1997&quot;&gt;Sterry, P. (1997). [https://www.google.de/books/edition/Collins_Complete_British_Wildlife_Photog/H2oXAAAACAAJ?hl=en Collins Complete British Wildlife Photoguide.] Kiribati: HarperCollins.&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|p=356}}
*'''speiceas i mbaol criticiúil''' (''critically endangered species'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas i mbaol criticiúil&quot; /&gt;[[File:凹脈金花茶 Camellia impressinervis -香港公園 Hong Kong Park, Hong Kong- (39897970614).jpg|thumb|right|100px|Is speiceas i mbaol criticiúil é ''[[Camellia impressinervis]]''.&lt;ref&gt;Wheeler, L. &amp; Rivers, M.C. 2015. ''Camellia impressinervis''. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T62053740A62053758. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T62053740A62053758.en. Accessed on 01 March 2026.&lt;/ref&gt;]]&lt;br/&gt;Is speicis iad speicis atá i mbaol criticiúil díothaithe sa nádúr atá thar a bheith ard.&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas i mbaol criticiúil&quot;&gt;Fiontar &amp; Scoil na Gaeilge, DCU. (n.d.). “speiceas i mbaol criticiúil.” Grúpa Taighde Gaois. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology?Query=speiceas+i+mbaol+critici%C3%BAil&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''speiceas is lú imní''' (''least-concern species'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is tacsóin forleathana agus flúirseacha iad speiceas is lú imní.&lt;ref name = &quot;IUCN, 2012&quot;&gt;IUCN. (2012). [https://portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/documents/RL-2001-001-2nd.pdf IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition.] Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iv + 32pp.&lt;/ref&gt; Tá riosca níos ísle díothaithe ag na speicis seo.&lt;ref&gt;Frequently Asked Questions. (n.d.). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.iucnredlist.org/about/faqs#Why%20are%20LC%20species%20on%20the%20Red%20List&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''speiceas leochaileach''' (''vulnerable species'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas leochaileach&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá riosca ard díothaithe sa nádúr ag speiceas leochaileach.&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas leochaileach&quot;&gt;speiceas leochaileach. (n.d.). Gaois Research Group. Retrieved March 10, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology/fiat/635130&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''spor''' (''spur'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“spor.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/spor/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is síneadh feadánach log den coróinín é spor.&lt;ref name = &quot;Devlin, 2026&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Prunus AbscissionZone 1 (35974302350).jpg|thumb|right|120px|Sraith scoite ''[[Prunus]]'']]
*'''sraith scoite''' (''abscission layer'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“sraith scoite.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved August 31, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sraith%20scoite/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; Is sraith cealla í sraith scoite ina mbriseann orgán titimeach, mar shampla duilleog.&lt;ref&gt;Botanical Orchid Glossary: Glossary Term: Abscission layer. (n.d.). Orchids of New Guinea. Retrieved August 31, 2026, from https://www.orchidsnewguinea.com/orchid-glossary/define-term/Abscission+layer/&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Phyla cuneifolia runner.jpg|thumb|left|120px|''[[Phyla cuneifolia]]'' stólan]]
*'''stólan''' (''stolon'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“stólan.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/st%C3%B3lan/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Gas cothrománach is ea stólan a shníonn os cionn, ar nó faoi dhromchla na talún&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt; agus a fhásann planda nua.&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary British Pteridological Society&quot; /&gt;
*'''strobalas''' (''strobilus'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“strobalas.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/strobalas/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard is strobalas ann ná struchtúr cosúil le buaircín atá comhdhéanta de spóraifille atá iompaithe go dlúth ar an ais.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;

==T==
*'''teipeal''' (''tepal'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“teipeal.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 4, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/teipeal/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Úsáidtear an téarma teipal do chodanna an peirianta má tá cuma an-chosúil ar na peitil agus ar na seipil.&lt;ref&gt;Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. &amp; Coates Palgrave, M. (2026). Flora of Caprivi: Glossary details: tepal. https://www.capriviflora.com/speciesdata/glossary-display.php?glossary_id=768, retrieved 4 March 2026&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Tetradium daniellii (Benn.) T.G. Hartley.jpg|thumb|left|120px|Torthú bláthra ''[[Tetradium daniellii]]'']]
*'''torthú bláthra''' (''infructescence'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;bláthra&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an torthú bláthra an struchtúr ina dtaispeántar torthaí ar phlanda.&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary for Vascular Plants&quot;&gt;Glossary for Vascular Plants. (2018, November 19). New York Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/glossary/glossary-list/?ImagesOnly=yes&amp;LimitPerPage=75&amp;rownum=676&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''treoir neachtair''' (''nectar guide''  as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;neachtar&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is marcanna nó patrúin ar bhláthanna iad treoracha neachtair a threoraíonn feithidí chuig an neachtar.&lt;ref name = &quot;Betterbee&quot;&gt;Glossary of beekeeping Terms. (n.d.). Betterbee. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.betterbee.com/glossary/&lt;/ref&gt;

==U==
*'''uathpholaplóideach''' (''autopolyploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“uathpholaplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/uathpholapl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál planda polaplóideach é planda uathpholaplóideach a chruthaítear trí géanóm amháin a dhúbailt. I bplandaí uathpholaplóideacha, tagann na crómasóm go léir ón speiceas céanna.&lt;ref&gt;Lefers, M. &amp; Holmgren Lab. (2004). autopolyploid. Hedgehog Signaling Glossary. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://groups.molbiosci.northwestern.edu/holmgren/Glossary/Definitions/Def-A/autopolyploid.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''ubhagán uachtarach''' (''superior ovary'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“ubhagán uachtarach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/ubhag%C3%A1n%20uachtarach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá ubhagán uachtarach suite os cionn an phointe ina bhfuil na seipil, na peitil agus na staimín ceangailte.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Trapa japonica floating seed in Yokotake, Kanzaki.jpg|thumb|left|100px|uiscescaipeadh síl]]
*'''uiscescaipeadh síl''' (''hydrochory'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“uiscescaipeadh síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/uiscescaipeadh%20s%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é uiscescaipeadh síl scaipeadh síolta trí uisce.&lt;ref name = &quot;Lewis, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''umbal''' (''umbel'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;umbal&quot;&gt;“umbal.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/umbal/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;{{Il-íomhánna
 | align = right
 | direction = horizontal
 | total_width = 180
 | header = 
 | image1 = Inflorescences Umbel Kwiatostan Baldach.svg
 | alt1 = 
 | caption1 = umbal
 | image2 = Inflorescences Umbel Kwiatostan BaldachZłożony.svg
 | alt2 = 
 | caption2 = umbal comhshuite
}}&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra craobhach é umbal. Bíonn bláthanna sa bláthra ina bhfuil na gasóga go léir ar an fhad céanna agus ag teacht ó phointe amháin.&lt;ref name = &quot;Nelson, 2012&quot;&gt;Nelson, R. C. (2012). The Description of Flowers. University of Rochester. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.cs.rochester.edu/u/nelson/wildflowers/glossaries/flowers/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''umbal comhshuite''' (''compound umbel'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;umbal&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é umbal comhshuite ina n-eascraíonn roinnt umbal as aon phointe amháin.&lt;ref&gt;Inflorescences 15-Compound umbel. (n.d.). University of Illinois. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.life.illinois.edu/help/digitalflowers/Inflorescences/15.htm&lt;/ref&gt;

==X==
[[File:Decussate (PSF).png|thumb|left|100px|x-chruthach]]
*'''xantaifill''' (''xanthophyll'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“xantaifill.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/xantaifill/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is grúpa líocha caraitéanóideacha oráiste é xantaifill. Cosúil le caraitéin, cuidíonn xantaifill le fótaisintéis.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''x-chruthach''' (''decussate'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“x-chruthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/x-chruthach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Ciallaíonn suíomh x-chruthach duilleoga go bhfuil péirí duilleoga socraithe ag uillinn 90° le péirí duilleoga cóngaracha thuas agus thíos. Tá na péirí trasnaithe i bhfoirm X.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''xéirifíteach''' (''xerophytic'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“xéirifíteach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/x%C3%A9irif%C3%ADteach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Echinocactus grusonii flora cologne.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Is plandaí xéirifíteacha iad na cachtais.&lt;ref name = &quot;Duke University&quot;&gt;Xerophytes “Cactus-Like” collection. (n.d.). Duke University. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://liveplantcollections.biology.duke.edu/featured-collections/xeric&lt;/ref&gt;]]&lt;/br&gt;Tá plandaí xéirifíteacha oiriúnaithe do aeráid nó do ghnáthóg thirim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''xiléim''' (''xylem'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;xiléim&quot;&gt;“xiléim.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/xil%C3%A9im/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is fíochán lignithe é an xiléim atá freagrach as iompar uisce i bplandaí.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot;&gt;University of Florida, University of Kentucky, &amp; Texas A&amp;M University. (n.d.). Xylem. PropG. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://propg.ifas.ufl.edu/01-biology/02-cell-types/12-celltypes-xylem.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''xiléim phríomhúil''' (''primary xylem'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;xiléim&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is céim luath forbartha í an xiléim phríomhúil agus tá sé déanta as prótaixiléim agus meiteaxiléim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;
*'''xiléim thánaisteach''' (''secondary xylem'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;xiléim&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Déantar an xiléim thánaisteach ón sraith chaimbiam. Tá sé freagrach as forbairt leataobhach agus fás adhmad.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;

==Z==
[[File:Goral Girardinia diversifolia AJTJ.jpg|thumb|left|120px|zóscaipeadh síl]]
*'''zóscaipeadh síl''' (''zoochory'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“zóscaipeadh síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/z%C3%B3scaipeadh%20s%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é zóscaipeadh síl scaipeadh síolta ag ainmhithe.&lt;ref name = &quot;Lewis, 2019&quot;&gt;Lewis, A. (2019, August 23). Seed dispersal: 5 ways trees spread seeds. Woodland Trust. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.woodlandtrust.org.uk/blog/2019/08/seed-dispersal/&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tagairtí==
&lt;references&gt;
&lt;!-- Especially useful sources for definitions can be collected down here: --&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary British Pteridological Society&quot;&gt;Glossary. (n.d.). British Pteridological Society. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://britishfernsociety.org.uk/Glossary/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Gray, 1875&quot;&gt;Gray,  Asa. (1875). [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/56536335 Botany for young people and common subjects : how plants grow : a simple introduction to structural botany : with popular flora, or an arrangement and description of common plants, both wild and cultivated : illustrated by 500 wood engravings.] Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot;&gt;Government of South Australia. (n.d.). Flora of Australia Glossary. Flora of South Australia. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://flora.sa.gov.au/glossary/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot;&gt;The Rwanda flora team. (2026). Flora of Rwanda: Glossary. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.rwandaflora.com/speciesdata/glossary.php&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot;&gt;Jessop, J.P., Toelken, H.R. &amp; Kellermann, J. (2011). [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344409776_Glossary_of_botanical_terms_version_1 Glossary of botanical terms (version 1).] In: Kellermann, J. (ed.), Flora of South Australia (ed. 5). 24 pp. (State Herbarium of South Australia: Adelaide). www.flora.sa.gov.au/ed5&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot;&gt;UCMP Glossary: Botany. (2009). University of California Museum of Paleontology. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/gloss8botany.html&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;vPlants&quot;&gt;Plant Glossary. (n.d.). vPlants: A Virtual Herbarium of the Chicago Region. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://vplants.org/portal/plants/glossary/index.php&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Bobrov &amp; Romanov, 2019&quot;&gt;&lt;!-- Definitions of fruit terminology --&gt;Bobrov, A. V. C., &amp; Romanov, M. S. (2019). [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23818107.2019.1663448 Morphogenesis of fruits and types of fruit of angiosperms.] Botany letters, 166(3), 366-399.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot;&gt;Hodgkiss, R. J. (2019). Glossary of Botanical Terms. The Succulent Plant Page. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://succulent-plant.com/glossary/plantglossary.html&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Devlin, 2026&quot;&gt;Devlin, Z. (2026). Irish Wildflower Glossary. Wildflowers of Ireland. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.wildflowersofireland.net/glossary.php&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot;&gt;Huisman, J. M., &amp; Entwisle, T. J. (2022). Algae of Australia Glossary. Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.dcceew.gov.au/science-research/abrs/online-resources/glossaries/algae&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/references&gt;


{{síol}}</text>
      <sha1>8ka61jndfkc52nt4gnev0stklpaafkn</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1328803</id>
      <parentid>1328802</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T14:15:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Conan Wolff</username>
        <id>51812</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* S */</comment>
      <origin>1328803</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="48628" sha1="9zvcudledx4gpj3tbo2tu9t2ji3kxca" xml:space="preserve">{{Teimpléad:Athbhreithniú}}
Míníonn an foclóir téarmaí luibheolaíochta seo téarmaí luibheolaíochta.

==A==
*'''achtanamorfach''' (''actinomorphic'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“achtanamorfach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/achtanamorfach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Fragaria vesca2.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Bláth achtanamorfach de ''[[Fragaria vesca]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn bláthanna aictiomorfacha ga-shiméadrach.&lt;ref&gt;Eckel, P. M. (n.d.). A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.mobot.org/mobot/latindict/keyDetail.aspx?keyWord=actinomorphic&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!--*'''acraifil''' (''acrophyll'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Duilleoga rialta de phlanda aibí, a tháirgtear os cionn an bhoinn, murab ionann is an bhasaifil.--&gt;
*'''aicéin''' (''achene'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“aicéin.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/aic%C3%A9in/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is toradh tirim, neamhoscailte, aon-shíolach é aicéin. Níl an síol ceangailte de bhalla an toraidh ach ag pointe amháin. Fásann an toradh ó ubhagán uachtarach aon-sheoimrín.&lt;ref name = &quot;FTG Fruit type Glossary&quot;&gt;Glossary Fruit type. (2007). Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Virtual Herbarium (FTG). Retrieved April 18, 2026, from http://www.virtualherbarium.org/glossary/glossary.php?cid=65&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''aindréiciam''' (''androecium''  as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“aindréiciam.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 7, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/aindr%C3%A9iciam/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an aindréiciam an téarma comhchoiteann do na horgáin atáirgthe fireanna sa bhláth, atá comhdhéanta de na staimín.&lt;ref&gt;Androecium, stamen, staminate, staminode. (2026, February 23). Master Gardeners of Northern Virginia. Retrieved March 7, 2026, from https://mgnv.org/plants/glossary/androecium-stamen-staminate/&lt;/ref&gt;
{{Il-íomhánna
 | align = left
 | direction = horizontal
 | total_width = 180
 | header = 
 | image1 = 2020 year. Herbarium. Alchemilla vulgaris. img-014.jpg
 | alt1 = 
 | caption1 = onn-aiseach
 | image2 = 2020 year. Herbarium. Alchemilla vulgaris. img-008.jpg
 | alt2 = 
 | caption2 = all-aiseach
}}
*'''all-aiseach''' (''abaxial'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“all-aiseach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/all-aiseach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Aidiacht, a bhfuil a treo urchomhaireach le treo na haise (= taobh íochtair).&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--*'''andragíneafór''' (''androgynophore'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Gas ar a bhfuil an t-aindréiciam agus an gínéiciam de bhláth os cionn leibhéal ionsáite an pheirianta.--&gt;
&lt;!--*'''andramoinéiciach''' (''andromonoecious'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Córas annamh pórúcháin plandaí é andramoinéiciach ina dtáirgeann planda aonair bláthanna fireanna agus déghnéasacha araon.--&gt;
&lt;!--*'''andrafór''' (''androphore'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;An gas nó an colún a thacaíonn leis na staimíní i mbláthanna áirithe.--&gt;
*'''angaispeirm''' (''angiosperm'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“angaispeirm.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/angaispeirm/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) cross-section - 20080613.png|thumb|right|120px|In angaispeirm, bíonn na ubhúlaigh faoi iamh i gcairpéil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Bedecktsamer&quot; /&gt;]]&lt;/br&gt;Is grúpa plandaí iad na angiospermaigh a bhfuil ubhúlach acu atá iata i gcairpéil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Bedecktsamer&quot;&gt;Bedecktsamer. (2007, June 18). Lexikon Der Biologie. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.spektrum.de/lexikon/biologie/bedecktsamer/7737&lt;/ref&gt;

==B==
*'''baictéar fosaithe nítrigine''' (''nitrogen-fixing bacterium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;fosú nítrigine&quot;&gt;“fosú nítrigine.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/fos%C3%BA%20n%C3%ADtrigine/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Úsáideann baictéar fosaithe nítrigine einsím chun nítrigin atmaisféarach ({{Chem2|N2|auto=1}}) a thiontú go amóinia ({{Chem2|NH3|auto=1}}).&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot;&gt;Wagner, S. C. (2011). Biological Nitrogen Fixation. Nature Education. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/biological-nitrogen-fixation-23570419/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''baictéar nóidín''' (''nodule bacterium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;nóidín&quot;&gt;“nóidín.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/n%C3%B3id%C3%ADn/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Déanann baictéir nóidín, amhail ''[[Rhizobium]]'' nó ''[[Bradyrhizobium]]'', coilíniú ar na fréamhacha agus cruthaíonn siad nóidíní. Maireann na baictéir sna nóidíní. Soláthraíonn na fosaitheoirí nítrigine seo nítrigin don phlanda.&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;
*'''barraimsitheach''' (''acropetal'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“barraimsitheach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/barraimsitheach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Ciallaíonn an téarma ''barraimsitheach'' go dtosaíonn rud ag fás nó ag forbairt ag an mbun agus go leanann sé aníos i dtreo an bharr.&lt;ref name = &quot;Tropical Forages Glossary&quot;&gt;Cook BG, Pengelly BC, Schultze-Kraft R, Taylor M, Burkart S, Cardoso Arango JA, González Guzmán JJ, Cox K, Jones C, Peters M. &amp; International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia and International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya. (2020). Glossary. Tropical Forages: An Interactive Selection Tool. 2nd and Revised Edn. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://tropicalforages.info/text/entities/glossary.htm&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''bláthra''' (''inflorescence'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;bláthra&quot;&gt;“bláthra.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/bl%C3%A1thra/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is grúpa bláthanna é bláthra.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''bleib''' (''bulb'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“bleib.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/bleib/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:White onion cross section.jpg|thumb|right|70px|bleib]]&lt;/br&gt;Is gas faoi thalamh modhnaithe é bleibe, atá timpeallaithe ag duilleoga modhnaithe.&lt;ref&gt;What is a bulb? (2020, March 17). Michigan State University Extension. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/what-is-a-bulb&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''bliantóg''' (''annual plant'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“bliantóg.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/bliant%C3%B3g/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bláthaíonn agus faigheann bliantóg bás i mbliain amháin.&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Sorbus aucuparia vaisiai, 2006-0823.jpg|thumb|left|120px|Bréagthorthaí ''[[Sorbus aucuparia]]'']]
*'''bréagthoradh''' (''accessory fruit'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“bréagthoradh.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 5, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/br%C3%A9agthoradh/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; Is cineál toraidh é bréagthoradh a fhorbraíonn ó struchtúir cairpéil agus eachtarcairpéil araon.&lt;ref name = &quot;Bobrov &amp; Romanov, 2019&quot; /&gt;

==C==
*'''cill''' (''cell'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;cell&quot;&gt;“cell.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/cell/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is í cill an t-aonad struchtúrach bunúsach d'orgánaigh.&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''cill stórais''' (''storage cell'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;cell&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;D’fhéadfadh go mbeadh cainníochtaí móra polaisiúicrídí, próitéiní, lipidí,&lt;ref name = &quot;Fasseas, 1980&quot;&gt;Fasseas, C. (1980). [https://theses.gla.ac.uk/72881/1/10647162.pdf Fine structural studies on differentiation and dedifferentiation in the higher plant.]] University of Glasgow (United Kingdom).&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|1}} nó uisce i gcill stórais.&lt;ref name = &quot;Mauseth, 1995&quot;&gt;Mauseth, J. D. (1995). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2996453 Collapsible water-storage cells in cacti.] Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 145-151.&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''clóraplast''' (''chloroplast'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;clóraplast&quot;&gt;clóraplast. (n.d.-b). Gaois Research Group. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology/fiat/620910&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is orgánaid cheallach plandaí é an [[clóraplast]] a dhéanann an [[fótaisintéis]].&lt;ref name = &quot;clóraplast&quot; /&gt;
{{Il-íomhánna
 | align = left
 | direction = horizontal
 | total_width = 180
 | header = 
 | image1 = Inflorescences Corymb Kwiatostan BaldachGrono.svg
 | alt1 = 
 | caption1 = coirím raicéimeach&lt;!-- racemose corymb --&gt;
 | image2 = Schirmrispe (inflorescence).svg
 | alt2 = 
 | caption2 = coirím címeach&lt;!-- cymose corymb --&gt;
}}
*'''coirím''' (''corymb'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“coirím.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/coir%C3%ADm/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é coirím ina dtosaíonn na craobhacha ó phointí difriúla, ach sroicheann siad an airde chéanna.&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot; /&gt;
*'''coirt''' (''bark'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“coirt.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/coirt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is í an choirt an ciseal seachtrach cosanta de fhréamhacha agus gais plandaí adhmadacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''colúinín''' (''columella'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“colúinín.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/col%C3%BAin%C3%ADn/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is colún beag fíocháin é colúinín atá i lár capsúl.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''comhsheipealach''' (''gamosepalous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“comhsheipealach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/comhsheipealach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I gcailís chomhsheipealach bíonn na seipil comhleáite.&lt;ref&gt;Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. &amp; Coates Palgrave, M. (n.d.). Flora of Mozambique: Glossary details: gamosepalous. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.mozambiqueflora.com/speciesdata/glossary-display.php?glossary_id=318&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''crann''' (''tree'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“crann.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/crann/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Tree Silhouette - geograph.org.uk - 2274631.jpg|thumb|right|70px|crann]]&lt;/br&gt;Is planda adhmadach é crann le gas príomhúil amháin agus craobhacha tánaisteacha.&lt;ref&gt;Shrubs and trees: What defines a tree or a shrub? (2020, March 27). Los Angeles County Arboretum and Botanic Garden. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://arboretum.org/visit/library/online-exhibits/treasures-of-the-rare-book-collection-plants-of-mediterranean-climate-areas/shrubs-and-trees/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''crann fíliginiteach''' (''phylogenetic tree'' as Béarla&lt;!-- citation needed {{cn}} --&gt;)[[Íomhá:Crann.png|thumb|right|90px|Crann fíliginiteach]]&lt;/br&gt;Léiríonn [[crann fíliginiteach]] na gaolta idir orgánaigh éagsúla.&lt;ref name = &quot;Georgia Tech&quot;&gt;Phylogenetic Trees. (n.d.). Georgia Tech Biological Sciences. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://organismalbio.biosci.gatech.edu/biodiversity/phylogenetic-trees/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''crannlann''' (''arboretum'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“crannlann.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/crannlann/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is bailiúchán crann agus toir é [[crannlann]].&lt;ref&gt;Forschungsstelle Realienkunde  Zentralinstitut für Kunstgeschichte. (n.d.). Arboretum. RDK Labor. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.rdklabor.de/wiki/Arboretum&lt;/ref&gt;

==D==
*'''dé-éiciach''' (''dioecious'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“dé-éiciach.” (n.d.). téarma.ie. https://www.tearma.ie/q/d%C3%A9-%C3%A9iciach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn daoine aonair fireanna agus baineanna ar leith ag plandaí dé-éiciach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''dioplóideach''' (''diploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“dioplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/diopl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá dhá cheann de na tacair bhunúsacha crómasóm ag plandaí dioplóideacha sa núicléas.&lt;ref name = &quot;NSW Flora Glossary&quot;&gt;National Herbarium of NSW,  Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney, Australia. (n.d.). New South Wales Flora Online: Glossary of Botanical Terms. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&amp;glossary=yes&amp;alpha=A&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Cuscuta campestris sl22.jpg|thumb|left|130px|Diúlán an seadán éigeanta ''[[Cuscuta campestris]]'']]
*'''diúlán''' (''haustorium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“diúlán.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/di%C3%BAl%C3%A1n/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is orgán é diúlán trína n-ionsúnn seadán substaintí ceimiceacha óna óstach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;

==E==
*'''éaghasach''' (''acaulescent'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“éaghasach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 10, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/%C3%A9aghasach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Carlina acaulis RF.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Is planda éaghasach é ''[[Carlina acaulis]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Is plandaí gan gas iad plandaí éaghasacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''eipifít''' (''epiphyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“eipifít.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/eipif%C3%ADt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is planda é eipifít a fhásann ar phlanda eile, ach ní seadán é.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''eiseamláir an chineáil''' (''type specimen'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“eiseamláir an chineáil.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/eiseaml%C3%A1ir%20an%20chine%C3%A1il/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Cyne baetorta, HT, L39275.jpg|thumb|right|100px|An eiseamláir an chineáil de ''[[Cyne baetorta]]'' Barlow]]&lt;/br&gt;Sainmhíníonn agus déanann an eiseamláir an chineáil ionadaíocht ar tacsón. Feidhmíonn sé mar thagairt fhisiciúil don tacsón.&lt;ref&gt;Ashworth, J. (2025, November 18). What is a type specimen? Natural History Museum, London. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/what-is-a-type-specimen.html&lt;/ref&gt;

==F==
*'''fad idirnódach''' (''internode distance'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;internode&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá an fad idirnódach athraitheach. Féadfaidh sé athrú bunaithe ar an solas gréine atá ar fáil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Rare Plant Atlas&quot;&gt;Glossary. (n.d.). Rare Plant Atlas. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.rareplantatlas.com/glossary&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''faireog mheala''' (''nectary'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“faireog mheala.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/faireog%20mheala/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is struchtúr faireogach é faireog mheala a scaoileann leacht siúcrach (neachtar). Is féidir leis a bheith ina struchtúr i mbláth (faireog mheala bláthach), nó in áit eile ar an bplanda (faireog mheala eachtar-bláthach).&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''fearsaidchruthach''' (''fusiform'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“fearsaidchruthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/fearsaidchruthach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Ciallaíonn fearsaidchruthach cruth fearsaid, níos tibhe sa lár agus ag barrchaolú ag an dá cheann.&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''fialamán''' (''velamen'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“fialamán.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/fialam%C3%A1n/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an fialamán clúdach tiubh spúinseach na bhfréamhacha.&lt;ref&gt;Botanical nerd word: velamen. (2021, February 8). Toronto Botanical Garden. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://torontobotanicalgarden.ca/blog/word-of-the-week/word-of-the-week-velamen/&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Semele androgyna k4.jpg|thumb|left|140px|''[[Semele androgyna]]'' filleaclaid le torthaí]]
*'''filleaclad''' (''phylloclade'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“filleaclad.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/filleaclad/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; Is gas fótaisintéiseach cosúil le duilleog é filleaclad.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''fosú nítrigine''' (''nitrogen fixation'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;fosú nítrigine&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é fosú nítrigine an próiseas ina ndéantar nítrigin atmaisféarach ({{Chem2|N2|auto=1}}) a thiontú go amóinia ({{Chem2|NH3|auto=1}}).&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;
*'''fréamh chrapthach''' (''contractile root'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“fréamh chrapthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/fr%C3%A9amh%20chrapthach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Úsáideann plandaí fréamhacha chrapthach chun iad féin a tharraingt anuas.&lt;ref&gt;University of Florida, University of Kentucky, &amp; Texas A&amp;M University. (2023). Contractile Roots. PropG. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://propg.ifas.ufl.edu/07-geophytes/02-othergeophytes/01-geophytes-contractileroots.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''fréamhnóidín''' (''root nodule'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;nóidín&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Foirmítear nóidín fréimhe nuair a choilíniúnaíonn baictéir fosaithe nítrigine na fréamhacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;

==G==
*'''gaiméitifít''' (''gametophyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;gaiméitifít&quot; /&gt;[[File:Ricciocarpos natans.jpg|thumb|right|105px|Gaiméitifít de ''[[Ricciocarpos natans]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Fásann an gaiméitifít haplóideach ó spóir agus táirgeann sí gaiméite.&lt;ref name = &quot;gaiméitifít&quot;&gt;gaiméitifít. (n.d.). Gaois Research Group. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology/fiat/619447&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Dandelion seed dispersal.jpg|thumb|left|110px|gaothscaipeadh síl]]
*'''gaothscaipeadh síl''' (''anemochory'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“gaothscaipeadh síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/gaothscaipeadh%20s%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é gaothscaipeadh síl scaipeadh síolta leis an ngaoth.&lt;ref name = &quot;Lewis, 2019&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--*'''gasach''' (''caulescent'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Planda a bhfuil gas dea-fhorbartha aige os cionn na talún. Frithchiallach: ''gearrghasach'' (gan gas soiléir).--&gt;
*'''gínéiciam''' (''gynoecium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“gínéiciam.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 6, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/g%C3%ADn%C3%A9iciam/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an gínéiciam an téarma comhchoiteann do orgáin atáirgthe baineanna an bhlátha, atá comhdhéanta de na cairpéil.&lt;ref&gt;Gynoecium, Carpel, Pistil. (2025, February 22). Master Gardeners Northern Virginia. Retrieved March 6, 2026, from https://mgnv.org/plants/glossary/gynoecium-carpel-pistil/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!--*'''ginmhill''' (''abort'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Forbairt struchtúir nó orgáin a thréigean.--&gt;

==H==
*'''heitreaspórach''' (''heterosporous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“heitreaspórach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/heitreasp%C3%B3rach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Táirgeann plandaí heitreaspóracha dhá chineál spóir.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''homaspórach''' (''homosporous'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Planda nach bhfuil ach spóir de chineál amháin aige.&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary British Pteridological Society&quot; /&gt;

==I==
*'''idirnód''' (''internode'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;internode&quot;&gt;“internode.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/internode/&lt;/ref&gt;Is éard atá in idirnód an chuid de ghas idir dhá nód.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''ilseipealach''' (''polysepalous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“ilseipealach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/ilseipealach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I cailís ilseipealach, bíonn na séipéil scartha.&lt;ref&gt;Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. &amp; Coates Palgrave, M. (2026). Flora of Caprivi: Glossary details: polysepalous. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.capriviflora.com/speciesdata/glossary-display.php?glossary_id=565&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''inspeirm''' (''endosperm'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“inspeirm.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/inspeirm/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Cocos nucifera00.jpg|thumb|right|100px|An inspeirm bán de shíol ''[[Cocos nucifera]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid den síol é an inspeirm agus cothaíonn sé an spóraifít óg.&lt;ref&gt;Endosperm. (2007, June 18). Lexikon Der Biologie. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.spektrum.de/lexikon/biologie/endosperm/21284&lt;/ref&gt;

==L==
[[File:Latex collection 04.jpg|thumb|left|upright|90px|Laitéis]]
*'''laitéis''' (''latex'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“laitéis.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/lait%C3%A9is/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is sú bán de roinnt plandaí é laitéis.&lt;ref name = &quot;vPlants&quot; /&gt;
*'''lann''' (''lamina'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“lann.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/lann/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an lann an chuid leacaithe de dhuilleog, scartha ón ngas agus ó bhonn an duilleoige.&lt;ref&gt;Botanical nerd word: lamina. (2018, September 25). Toronto Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://torontobotanicalgarden.ca/blog/word-of-the-week/botanical-nerd-word-lamina/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''lansach''' (''lanceolate'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“lansach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 21, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/lansach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Leaf morphology lanceolate.png|thumb|right|140px|Duilleog lansach ]]&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn duilleog lansach caol agus ubhchruthach. Bíonn an pointe is leithne inti thíos leis an lár.&lt;ref name = &quot;The Pea Key, 2007&quot;&gt;The Australian Pea-flowered Legume Research Group. (2007). Leaf or leaflet shape. The Pea Key: An Interactive Key for Australian Pea-flowered Legumes. Retrieved March 21, 2026, from https://www.anbg.gov.au/cpbr/cd-keys/peakey/key/The%20Pea%20Key/Media/Html/41_leaf_shape.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''leictitíopa''' (''lectotype'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“leictitíopa.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/leictit%C3%ADopa/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is sintíopa é leictitíopa a roghnaítear níos déanaí mar an eiseamláir an chineáil.&lt;ref name = &quot;McGrouther, 2020&quot;&gt;McGrouther, M. (2020). Types of types. The Australian Museum. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://australian.museum/learn/animals/fishes/types-of-types/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''liathghorm''' (''glaucous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;IDM &amp; Foras na Gaeilge. (n.d.). glaucous. Foclóirí Ár Linne. Retrieved March 3, 2026, from https://www.focloir.ie/en/dictionary/ei/glaucous&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Picea pungens4.jpg|thumb|right|90px|Duilleoga liathghorm na ''[[Picea pungens]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Déanann an focal liathghorm cur síos ar dhromchla céiriúil atá idir ghorm agus liath.&lt;ref&gt;Eckel, P. M. (2023). A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 3, 2026, from https://www.mobot.org/mobot/latindict/keyDetail.aspx?keyWord=glaucous&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''luathbhaineannach''' (''protogynous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“luathbhaineannach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/luathbhaineannach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn céim baineann ag bláth luathbhaineannach roimh a chéim fhireann ar leith.&lt;ref&gt;New York Botanical Garden. (n.d.). Protogyny (protogynous). French Guianan E-Flora Project. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/projects/fg/glossary-details/?irn=1302&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''luathfhireannach''' (''protandrous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“luathfhireannach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/luathfhireannach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn céim fhireann ag bláth luathfhireannach roimh a chéim baineann ar leith.&lt;ref&gt;New York Botanical Garden. (n.d.-a). Protandry (protandrous). French Guianan E-Flora Project. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/projects/fg/glossary-details/?irn=1300&lt;/ref&gt;

==M==
*'''máthairshíol''' (''seed parent'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“máthairshíol.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved July 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/m%C3%A1thairsh%C3%ADol/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; An máthairshíol a thugtar ar an phlanda a fhásann an síol.&lt;ref&gt;MacRobert, J., Setimela, P. S., Gethi, J., &amp; Regasa, M. W. (2014). [https://excellenceinbreeding.org/sites/default/files/manual/98078.pdf Maize hybrid seed production manual.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260730221946/https://excellenceinbreeding.org/sites/default/files/manual/98078.pdf |date=2026-07-30 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''meigeagaiméitifít''' (''megagametophyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“meigeagaiméitifít.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/meigeagaim%C3%A9itif%C3%ADt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Cruthaítear an meigeagaiméitifít le fás na meigeaspóir. Gineann an meigeagaiméitifít gaiméit baineann an phlanda heitreaspórach.&lt;ref&gt;Government of South Australia. (2025, July 7). megagametophyte. Flora of South Australia. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://flora.sa.gov.au/glossary/megagametophyte&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''meigeaspór''' (''megaspore'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“meigeaspór.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/meigeasp%C3%B3r/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I bplandaí heitreaspóracha, is é an meigeaspór an cineál mór spóir. Fásann sé ina gaiméitifít baineann.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''meiteaxiléim''' (''metaxylem'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid den xiléim phríomhúil é an meiteaxiléim, ar céim luath í i bhforbairt an xiléim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;
*'''micreagaiméitifít''' (''microgametophyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“micreagaiméitifít.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 21, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/micreagaim%C3%A9itif%C3%ADt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Fásann an micreagaiméitifít ón micreaspór agus táirgeann sé na gaiméite fireann de phlanda heitreaspórach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''micreaspór''' (''microspore'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“micreaspór.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/micreasp%C3%B3r/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I bplandaí heitreaspóracha, is é an micreaspór an cineál beag spóir. Fásann sé ina gaiméitifít fhireann.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''micripíl''' (''micropyle'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“micripíl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/micrip%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cainéal beag é an micripíl a thrasnaíonn ionar ubhúlach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--*'''micreastrobalas''' (microstrobilus as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;https://www.tearma.ie/q/micro-/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://super.tearma.ie/q/strobilus/&lt;/ref&gt; An ceann is lú de dhá chineál bhuaircíní nó strobalas a tháirgeann gimnispeirmeacha, an ceann fireann é agus táirgeann sé an phailin.--&gt;

==N==
[[File:E mammillaris ies.jpg|thumb|left|70px|neachtar]]
*'''neachtar''' (''nectar'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;neachtar&quot;&gt;“neachtar.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/neachtar/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is leacht milis é neachtar a scaoileann faireog mheala na bláthanna mar luach saothair tarraingteach d'ainmhithe pailniúcháin.&lt;ref name = &quot;Betterbee&quot; /&gt;
*'''nideog éiceolaíoch''' (''ecological niche'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“nideog éiceolaíoch.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/nideog%20%C3%A9iceola%C3%ADoch/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard is nideog éiceolaíoch ann ná iomlán na gcaidreamh idir speiceas agus a comhshaol.&lt;ref name = &quot;Folkmann, 2019&quot;&gt;Folkmann, M. (2019). [https://grabbe-gymnasium.de/spr/biologie/AB%20Glossar%20Oekologie.pdf Glossar zur Ökologie.] Detmold; Christian-Dietrich-Grabbe-Gymnasium.&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''nód''' (''node'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“nód.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/n%C3%B3d/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é nód an pointe ar an gas as a bhfásann duilleoga nó craobhacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Devlin, 2026&quot; /&gt;
*'''nóidín fréimhe''' (''root nodule'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;nóidín&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Foirmítear nóidín fréimhe nuair a choilíniúnaíonn baictéir fosaithe nítrigine na fréamhacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;

==O==
*'''olasóm''' (''elaiosome'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“olasóm.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/olas%C3%B3m/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Afzelia africana1.jpg|thumb|right|140px|Síolta ''[[Afzelia africana]]'' a bhfuil olasóm oráiste orthu]]&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid chothaitheach de shíol é olasóm a mheallann ainmhithe cosúil le seangáin. Cuidíonn sé le scaipeadh síolta.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''onn-aiseach''' (''adaxial'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“onn-aiseach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved July 28, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/onn-aiseach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá dromchlaí onn-aiseach os comhair ais an struchtúir a bhfuil sé ceangailte leis.&lt;ref name = &quot;vPlants&quot; /&gt;

==P==
&lt;!--* '''peitínáit'''  (''petiolate'' as Béarla) aidiacht ina ndéantar cur síos ar dhuilleoga nó ar struchtúir bhitheolaíocha a bhfuil gas (peitín) orthu, agus iad ceangailte go díreach le gas nó brainse. &lt;ref&gt;https://www.tearma.ie/q/petiolate/ ??&lt;/ref&gt;--&gt;
*'''piorrachruthach''' (''pyriform'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;piorrachruthach&quot;&gt;“piorrachruthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/piorrachruthach/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Ficus pyriformis.JPG|thumb|right|125px|Torthaí piorrachruthacha an ''[[Ficus pyriformis]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Aidiacht, i gcruth péire.&lt;ref name = &quot;piorrachruthach&quot; /&gt;
*'''prótaixiléim''' (''protoxylem'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid den xiléim phríomhúil é an prótaixiléim, ar céim luath í i bhforbairt an xiléim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;

==R==
[[File:Inflorescences Raceme Kwiatostan Grono.svg|thumb|left|upright|55px|raicéim]]
*'''raicéim''' (''raceme'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“raicéim.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/raic%C3%A9im/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é raicéim le hais neamhroinnte ar a bhfuil bláthanna gasógacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot; /&gt;

==S==
&lt;!--*'''scoitheadh''' (''abscission'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Scaoileadh nádúrtha orgáin atá aibí nó sean, amhail toradh aibí nó duilleog aosta.--&gt;
&lt;!--*'''snáthaidiúil''' (acicular as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Caol nó snáthaidchruthach.--&gt;
*'''samár''' (''samara'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“samár.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sam%C3%A1r/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is toradh neamhoscailteach aonsíolta le sciatháin é samár.&lt;ref name = &quot;Gray, 1875&quot; /&gt;{{rp|p=79}}
*'''siogót''' (''zygote'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“siogót.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/siog%C3%B3t/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard atá i siogót an chill dhioplóideach a eascraíonn as comhleá gaiméit.&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''síol''' (''seed'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;síl&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard atá i síol suth agus a struchtúir chosanta agus a struchtúir chothaitheacha atá in ann forbairt ina phlanda.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''síol inphéactha''' (''germinable seed'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;síl&quot;&gt;“síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/s%C3%ADl/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá síolta inphéactha in ann forbairt ina síológ.&lt;ref&gt;Keimfähigkeit. (n.d.). Bundesverband Deutscher Pflanzenzüchter. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.bdp-online.de/de/Pflanzenzuechtung/Glossar/terms/Keimfaehigkeit/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''síológ''' (''seedling'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“síológ.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/s%C3%ADol%C3%B3g/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is planda beag é síológ a fhásann ó shíol agus de ghnáth ní bhíonn ach a cotailéadóin agus cúpla duilleog leis.&lt;ref name = &quot;Seed sowing glossary&quot;&gt;Seed sowing glossary. (n.d.). Foundation for Arable Research. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.far.org.nz/schools/seed-sowing-glossary&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Arum creticum Marmaris White.jpg|thumb|left|120px|''[[Arum creticum]]'' le spáidín bán agus spáideog buí]]
*'''spáideog''' (''spadix'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“spáideog.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sp%C3%A1ideog/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é spáideog ina mbíonn bláthanna ag fás ar ais tiubh, feolmhar.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''spáidín''' (''spathe'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“spáidín.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sp%C3%A1id%C3%ADn/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is bracht mór é spáidín a thimpeallaíonn an spáideog.&lt;ref name = &quot;Sterry, 1997&quot;&gt;Sterry, P. (1997). [https://www.google.de/books/edition/Collins_Complete_British_Wildlife_Photog/H2oXAAAACAAJ?hl=en Collins Complete British Wildlife Photoguide.] Kiribati: HarperCollins.&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|p=356}}
*'''speiceas i mbaol criticiúil''' (''critically endangered species'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas i mbaol criticiúil&quot; /&gt;[[File:凹脈金花茶 Camellia impressinervis -香港公園 Hong Kong Park, Hong Kong- (39897970614).jpg|thumb|right|100px|Is speiceas i mbaol criticiúil é ''[[Camellia impressinervis]]''.&lt;ref&gt;Wheeler, L. &amp; Rivers, M.C. 2015. ''Camellia impressinervis''. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T62053740A62053758. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T62053740A62053758.en. Accessed on 01 March 2026.&lt;/ref&gt;]]&lt;br/&gt;Is speicis iad speicis atá i mbaol criticiúil díothaithe sa nádúr atá thar a bheith ard.&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas i mbaol criticiúil&quot;&gt;Fiontar &amp; Scoil na Gaeilge, DCU. (n.d.). “speiceas i mbaol criticiúil.” Grúpa Taighde Gaois. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology?Query=speiceas+i+mbaol+critici%C3%BAil&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''speiceas is lú imní''' (''least-concern species'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is tacsóin forleathana agus flúirseacha iad speiceas is lú imní.&lt;ref name = &quot;IUCN, 2012&quot;&gt;IUCN. (2012). [https://portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/documents/RL-2001-001-2nd.pdf IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition.] Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iv + 32pp.&lt;/ref&gt; Tá riosca níos ísle díothaithe ag na speicis seo.&lt;ref&gt;Frequently Asked Questions. (n.d.). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.iucnredlist.org/about/faqs#Why%20are%20LC%20species%20on%20the%20Red%20List&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''speiceas leochaileach''' (''vulnerable species'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas leochaileach&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá riosca ard díothaithe sa nádúr ag speiceas leochaileach.&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas leochaileach&quot;&gt;speiceas leochaileach. (n.d.). Gaois Research Group. Retrieved March 10, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology/fiat/635130&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''spor''' (''spur'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“spor.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/spor/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is síneadh feadánach log den coróinín é spor.&lt;ref name = &quot;Devlin, 2026&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Prunus AbscissionZone 1 (35974302350).jpg|thumb|right|120px|Sraith scoite ''[[Prunus]]'']]
*'''sraith scoite''' (''abscission layer'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“sraith scoite.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved August 31, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sraith%20scoite/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; Is sraith cealla í sraith scoite ina mbriseann orgán titimeach, mar shampla duilleog.&lt;ref&gt;Botanical Orchid Glossary: Glossary Term: Abscission layer. (n.d.). Orchids of New Guinea. Retrieved August 31, 2026, from https://www.orchidsnewguinea.com/orchid-glossary/define-term/Abscission+layer/&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Phyla cuneifolia runner.jpg|thumb|left|120px|''[[Phyla cuneifolia]]'' stólan]]
*'''stólan''' (''stolon'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“stólan.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/st%C3%B3lan/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Gas cothrománach is ea stólan a shníonn os cionn, ar nó faoi dhromchla na talún&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt; agus a fhásann planda nua.&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary British Pteridological Society&quot; /&gt;
*'''strobalas''' (''strobilus'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“strobalas.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/strobalas/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard is strobalas ann ná struchtúr cosúil le buaircín atá comhdhéanta de spóraifille atá iompaithe go dlúth ar an ais.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;

==T==
*'''teipeal''' (''tepal'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“teipeal.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 4, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/teipeal/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Úsáidtear an téarma teipal do chodanna an peirianta má tá cuma an-chosúil ar na peitil agus ar na seipil.&lt;ref&gt;Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. &amp; Coates Palgrave, M. (2026). Flora of Caprivi: Glossary details: tepal. https://www.capriviflora.com/speciesdata/glossary-display.php?glossary_id=768, retrieved 4 March 2026&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Tetradium daniellii (Benn.) T.G. Hartley.jpg|thumb|left|120px|Torthú bláthra ''[[Tetradium daniellii]]'']]
*'''torthú bláthra''' (''infructescence'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;bláthra&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an torthú bláthra an struchtúr ina dtaispeántar torthaí ar phlanda.&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary for Vascular Plants&quot;&gt;Glossary for Vascular Plants. (2018, November 19). New York Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/glossary/glossary-list/?ImagesOnly=yes&amp;LimitPerPage=75&amp;rownum=676&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''treoir neachtair''' (''nectar guide''  as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;neachtar&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is marcanna nó patrúin ar bhláthanna iad treoracha neachtair a threoraíonn feithidí chuig an neachtar.&lt;ref name = &quot;Betterbee&quot;&gt;Glossary of beekeeping Terms. (n.d.). Betterbee. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.betterbee.com/glossary/&lt;/ref&gt;

==U==
*'''uathpholaplóideach''' (''autopolyploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“uathpholaplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/uathpholapl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál planda polaplóideach é planda uathpholaplóideach a chruthaítear trí géanóm amháin a dhúbailt. I bplandaí uathpholaplóideacha, tagann na crómasóm go léir ón speiceas céanna.&lt;ref&gt;Lefers, M. &amp; Holmgren Lab. (2004). autopolyploid. Hedgehog Signaling Glossary. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://groups.molbiosci.northwestern.edu/holmgren/Glossary/Definitions/Def-A/autopolyploid.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''ubhagán uachtarach''' (''superior ovary'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“ubhagán uachtarach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/ubhag%C3%A1n%20uachtarach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá ubhagán uachtarach suite os cionn an phointe ina bhfuil na seipil, na peitil agus na staimín ceangailte.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Trapa japonica floating seed in Yokotake, Kanzaki.jpg|thumb|left|100px|uiscescaipeadh síl]]
*'''uiscescaipeadh síl''' (''hydrochory'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“uiscescaipeadh síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/uiscescaipeadh%20s%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é uiscescaipeadh síl scaipeadh síolta trí uisce.&lt;ref name = &quot;Lewis, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''umbal''' (''umbel'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;umbal&quot;&gt;“umbal.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/umbal/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;{{Il-íomhánna
 | align = right
 | direction = horizontal
 | total_width = 180
 | header = 
 | image1 = Inflorescences Umbel Kwiatostan Baldach.svg
 | alt1 = 
 | caption1 = umbal
 | image2 = Inflorescences Umbel Kwiatostan BaldachZłożony.svg
 | alt2 = 
 | caption2 = umbal comhshuite
}}&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra craobhach é umbal. Bíonn bláthanna sa bláthra ina bhfuil na gasóga go léir ar an fhad céanna agus ag teacht ó phointe amháin.&lt;ref name = &quot;Nelson, 2012&quot;&gt;Nelson, R. C. (2012). The Description of Flowers. University of Rochester. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.cs.rochester.edu/u/nelson/wildflowers/glossaries/flowers/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''umbal comhshuite''' (''compound umbel'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;umbal&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é umbal comhshuite ina n-eascraíonn roinnt umbal as aon phointe amháin.&lt;ref&gt;Inflorescences 15-Compound umbel. (n.d.). University of Illinois. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.life.illinois.edu/help/digitalflowers/Inflorescences/15.htm&lt;/ref&gt;

==X==
[[File:Decussate (PSF).png|thumb|left|100px|x-chruthach]]
*'''xantaifill''' (''xanthophyll'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“xantaifill.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/xantaifill/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is grúpa líocha caraitéanóideacha oráiste é xantaifill. Cosúil le caraitéin, cuidíonn xantaifill le fótaisintéis.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''x-chruthach''' (''decussate'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“x-chruthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/x-chruthach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Ciallaíonn suíomh x-chruthach duilleoga go bhfuil péirí duilleoga socraithe ag uillinn 90° le péirí duilleoga cóngaracha thuas agus thíos. Tá na péirí trasnaithe i bhfoirm X.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''xéirifíteach''' (''xerophytic'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“xéirifíteach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/x%C3%A9irif%C3%ADteach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Echinocactus grusonii flora cologne.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Is plandaí xéirifíteacha iad na cachtais.&lt;ref name = &quot;Duke University&quot;&gt;Xerophytes “Cactus-Like” collection. (n.d.). Duke University. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://liveplantcollections.biology.duke.edu/featured-collections/xeric&lt;/ref&gt;]]&lt;/br&gt;Tá plandaí xéirifíteacha oiriúnaithe do aeráid nó do ghnáthóg thirim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''xiléim''' (''xylem'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;xiléim&quot;&gt;“xiléim.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/xil%C3%A9im/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is fíochán lignithe é an xiléim atá freagrach as iompar uisce i bplandaí.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot;&gt;University of Florida, University of Kentucky, &amp; Texas A&amp;M University. (n.d.). Xylem. PropG. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://propg.ifas.ufl.edu/01-biology/02-cell-types/12-celltypes-xylem.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''xiléim phríomhúil''' (''primary xylem'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;xiléim&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is céim luath forbartha í an xiléim phríomhúil agus tá sé déanta as prótaixiléim agus meiteaxiléim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;
*'''xiléim thánaisteach''' (''secondary xylem'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;xiléim&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Déantar an xiléim thánaisteach ón sraith chaimbiam. Tá sé freagrach as forbairt leataobhach agus fás adhmad.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;

==Z==
[[File:Goral Girardinia diversifolia AJTJ.jpg|thumb|left|120px|zóscaipeadh síl]]
*'''zóscaipeadh síl''' (''zoochory'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“zóscaipeadh síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/z%C3%B3scaipeadh%20s%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é zóscaipeadh síl scaipeadh síolta ag ainmhithe.&lt;ref name = &quot;Lewis, 2019&quot;&gt;Lewis, A. (2019, August 23). Seed dispersal: 5 ways trees spread seeds. Woodland Trust. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.woodlandtrust.org.uk/blog/2019/08/seed-dispersal/&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tagairtí==
&lt;references&gt;
&lt;!-- Especially useful sources for definitions can be collected down here: --&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary British Pteridological Society&quot;&gt;Glossary. (n.d.). British Pteridological Society. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://britishfernsociety.org.uk/Glossary/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Gray, 1875&quot;&gt;Gray,  Asa. (1875). [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/56536335 Botany for young people and common subjects : how plants grow : a simple introduction to structural botany : with popular flora, or an arrangement and description of common plants, both wild and cultivated : illustrated by 500 wood engravings.] Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot;&gt;Government of South Australia. (n.d.). Flora of Australia Glossary. Flora of South Australia. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://flora.sa.gov.au/glossary/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot;&gt;The Rwanda flora team. (2026). Flora of Rwanda: Glossary. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.rwandaflora.com/speciesdata/glossary.php&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot;&gt;Jessop, J.P., Toelken, H.R. &amp; Kellermann, J. (2011). [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344409776_Glossary_of_botanical_terms_version_1 Glossary of botanical terms (version 1).] In: Kellermann, J. (ed.), Flora of South Australia (ed. 5). 24 pp. (State Herbarium of South Australia: Adelaide). www.flora.sa.gov.au/ed5&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot;&gt;UCMP Glossary: Botany. (2009). University of California Museum of Paleontology. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/gloss8botany.html&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;vPlants&quot;&gt;Plant Glossary. (n.d.). vPlants: A Virtual Herbarium of the Chicago Region. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://vplants.org/portal/plants/glossary/index.php&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Bobrov &amp; Romanov, 2019&quot;&gt;&lt;!-- Definitions of fruit terminology --&gt;Bobrov, A. V. C., &amp; Romanov, M. S. (2019). [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23818107.2019.1663448 Morphogenesis of fruits and types of fruit of angiosperms.] Botany letters, 166(3), 366-399.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot;&gt;Hodgkiss, R. J. (2019). Glossary of Botanical Terms. The Succulent Plant Page. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://succulent-plant.com/glossary/plantglossary.html&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Devlin, 2026&quot;&gt;Devlin, Z. (2026). Irish Wildflower Glossary. Wildflowers of Ireland. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.wildflowersofireland.net/glossary.php&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot;&gt;Huisman, J. M., &amp; Entwisle, T. J. (2022). Algae of Australia Glossary. Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.dcceew.gov.au/science-research/abrs/online-resources/glossaries/algae&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/references&gt;


{{síol}}</text>
      <sha1>9zvcudledx4gpj3tbo2tu9t2ji3kxca</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1328804</id>
      <parentid>1328803</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T15:08:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Conan Wolff</username>
        <id>51812</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* I */</comment>
      <origin>1328804</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="48634" sha1="6sdyuq5ub65jhzspu0lornuswg675wz" xml:space="preserve">{{Teimpléad:Athbhreithniú}}
Míníonn an foclóir téarmaí luibheolaíochta seo téarmaí luibheolaíochta.

==A==
*'''achtanamorfach''' (''actinomorphic'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“achtanamorfach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/achtanamorfach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Fragaria vesca2.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Bláth achtanamorfach de ''[[Fragaria vesca]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn bláthanna aictiomorfacha ga-shiméadrach.&lt;ref&gt;Eckel, P. M. (n.d.). A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.mobot.org/mobot/latindict/keyDetail.aspx?keyWord=actinomorphic&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!--*'''acraifil''' (''acrophyll'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Duilleoga rialta de phlanda aibí, a tháirgtear os cionn an bhoinn, murab ionann is an bhasaifil.--&gt;
*'''aicéin''' (''achene'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“aicéin.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/aic%C3%A9in/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is toradh tirim, neamhoscailte, aon-shíolach é aicéin. Níl an síol ceangailte de bhalla an toraidh ach ag pointe amháin. Fásann an toradh ó ubhagán uachtarach aon-sheoimrín.&lt;ref name = &quot;FTG Fruit type Glossary&quot;&gt;Glossary Fruit type. (2007). Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Virtual Herbarium (FTG). Retrieved April 18, 2026, from http://www.virtualherbarium.org/glossary/glossary.php?cid=65&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''aindréiciam''' (''androecium''  as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“aindréiciam.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 7, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/aindr%C3%A9iciam/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an aindréiciam an téarma comhchoiteann do na horgáin atáirgthe fireanna sa bhláth, atá comhdhéanta de na staimín.&lt;ref&gt;Androecium, stamen, staminate, staminode. (2026, February 23). Master Gardeners of Northern Virginia. Retrieved March 7, 2026, from https://mgnv.org/plants/glossary/androecium-stamen-staminate/&lt;/ref&gt;
{{Il-íomhánna
 | align = left
 | direction = horizontal
 | total_width = 180
 | header = 
 | image1 = 2020 year. Herbarium. Alchemilla vulgaris. img-014.jpg
 | alt1 = 
 | caption1 = onn-aiseach
 | image2 = 2020 year. Herbarium. Alchemilla vulgaris. img-008.jpg
 | alt2 = 
 | caption2 = all-aiseach
}}
*'''all-aiseach''' (''abaxial'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“all-aiseach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/all-aiseach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Aidiacht, a bhfuil a treo urchomhaireach le treo na haise (= taobh íochtair).&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--*'''andragíneafór''' (''androgynophore'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Gas ar a bhfuil an t-aindréiciam agus an gínéiciam de bhláth os cionn leibhéal ionsáite an pheirianta.--&gt;
&lt;!--*'''andramoinéiciach''' (''andromonoecious'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Córas annamh pórúcháin plandaí é andramoinéiciach ina dtáirgeann planda aonair bláthanna fireanna agus déghnéasacha araon.--&gt;
&lt;!--*'''andrafór''' (''androphore'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;An gas nó an colún a thacaíonn leis na staimíní i mbláthanna áirithe.--&gt;
*'''angaispeirm''' (''angiosperm'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“angaispeirm.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/angaispeirm/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) cross-section - 20080613.png|thumb|right|120px|In angaispeirm, bíonn na ubhúlaigh faoi iamh i gcairpéil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Bedecktsamer&quot; /&gt;]]&lt;/br&gt;Is grúpa plandaí iad na angiospermaigh a bhfuil ubhúlach acu atá iata i gcairpéil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Bedecktsamer&quot;&gt;Bedecktsamer. (2007, June 18). Lexikon Der Biologie. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.spektrum.de/lexikon/biologie/bedecktsamer/7737&lt;/ref&gt;

==B==
*'''baictéar fosaithe nítrigine''' (''nitrogen-fixing bacterium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;fosú nítrigine&quot;&gt;“fosú nítrigine.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/fos%C3%BA%20n%C3%ADtrigine/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Úsáideann baictéar fosaithe nítrigine einsím chun nítrigin atmaisféarach ({{Chem2|N2|auto=1}}) a thiontú go amóinia ({{Chem2|NH3|auto=1}}).&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot;&gt;Wagner, S. C. (2011). Biological Nitrogen Fixation. Nature Education. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/biological-nitrogen-fixation-23570419/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''baictéar nóidín''' (''nodule bacterium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;nóidín&quot;&gt;“nóidín.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/n%C3%B3id%C3%ADn/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Déanann baictéir nóidín, amhail ''[[Rhizobium]]'' nó ''[[Bradyrhizobium]]'', coilíniú ar na fréamhacha agus cruthaíonn siad nóidíní. Maireann na baictéir sna nóidíní. Soláthraíonn na fosaitheoirí nítrigine seo nítrigin don phlanda.&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;
*'''barraimsitheach''' (''acropetal'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“barraimsitheach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/barraimsitheach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Ciallaíonn an téarma ''barraimsitheach'' go dtosaíonn rud ag fás nó ag forbairt ag an mbun agus go leanann sé aníos i dtreo an bharr.&lt;ref name = &quot;Tropical Forages Glossary&quot;&gt;Cook BG, Pengelly BC, Schultze-Kraft R, Taylor M, Burkart S, Cardoso Arango JA, González Guzmán JJ, Cox K, Jones C, Peters M. &amp; International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia and International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya. (2020). Glossary. Tropical Forages: An Interactive Selection Tool. 2nd and Revised Edn. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://tropicalforages.info/text/entities/glossary.htm&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''bláthra''' (''inflorescence'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;bláthra&quot;&gt;“bláthra.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/bl%C3%A1thra/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is grúpa bláthanna é bláthra.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''bleib''' (''bulb'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“bleib.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/bleib/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:White onion cross section.jpg|thumb|right|70px|bleib]]&lt;/br&gt;Is gas faoi thalamh modhnaithe é bleibe, atá timpeallaithe ag duilleoga modhnaithe.&lt;ref&gt;What is a bulb? (2020, March 17). Michigan State University Extension. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/what-is-a-bulb&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''bliantóg''' (''annual plant'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“bliantóg.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/bliant%C3%B3g/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bláthaíonn agus faigheann bliantóg bás i mbliain amháin.&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Sorbus aucuparia vaisiai, 2006-0823.jpg|thumb|left|120px|Bréagthorthaí ''[[Sorbus aucuparia]]'']]
*'''bréagthoradh''' (''accessory fruit'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“bréagthoradh.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 5, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/br%C3%A9agthoradh/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; Is cineál toraidh é bréagthoradh a fhorbraíonn ó struchtúir cairpéil agus eachtarcairpéil araon.&lt;ref name = &quot;Bobrov &amp; Romanov, 2019&quot; /&gt;

==C==
*'''cill''' (''cell'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;cell&quot;&gt;“cell.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/cell/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is í cill an t-aonad struchtúrach bunúsach d'orgánaigh.&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''cill stórais''' (''storage cell'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;cell&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;D’fhéadfadh go mbeadh cainníochtaí móra polaisiúicrídí, próitéiní, lipidí,&lt;ref name = &quot;Fasseas, 1980&quot;&gt;Fasseas, C. (1980). [https://theses.gla.ac.uk/72881/1/10647162.pdf Fine structural studies on differentiation and dedifferentiation in the higher plant.]] University of Glasgow (United Kingdom).&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|1}} nó uisce i gcill stórais.&lt;ref name = &quot;Mauseth, 1995&quot;&gt;Mauseth, J. D. (1995). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2996453 Collapsible water-storage cells in cacti.] Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 145-151.&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''clóraplast''' (''chloroplast'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;clóraplast&quot;&gt;clóraplast. (n.d.-b). Gaois Research Group. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology/fiat/620910&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is orgánaid cheallach plandaí é an [[clóraplast]] a dhéanann an [[fótaisintéis]].&lt;ref name = &quot;clóraplast&quot; /&gt;
{{Il-íomhánna
 | align = left
 | direction = horizontal
 | total_width = 180
 | header = 
 | image1 = Inflorescences Corymb Kwiatostan BaldachGrono.svg
 | alt1 = 
 | caption1 = coirím raicéimeach&lt;!-- racemose corymb --&gt;
 | image2 = Schirmrispe (inflorescence).svg
 | alt2 = 
 | caption2 = coirím címeach&lt;!-- cymose corymb --&gt;
}}
*'''coirím''' (''corymb'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“coirím.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/coir%C3%ADm/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é coirím ina dtosaíonn na craobhacha ó phointí difriúla, ach sroicheann siad an airde chéanna.&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot; /&gt;
*'''coirt''' (''bark'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“coirt.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/coirt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is í an choirt an ciseal seachtrach cosanta de fhréamhacha agus gais plandaí adhmadacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''colúinín''' (''columella'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“colúinín.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/col%C3%BAin%C3%ADn/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is colún beag fíocháin é colúinín atá i lár capsúl.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''comhsheipealach''' (''gamosepalous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“comhsheipealach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/comhsheipealach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I gcailís chomhsheipealach bíonn na seipil comhleáite.&lt;ref&gt;Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. &amp; Coates Palgrave, M. (n.d.). Flora of Mozambique: Glossary details: gamosepalous. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.mozambiqueflora.com/speciesdata/glossary-display.php?glossary_id=318&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''crann''' (''tree'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“crann.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/crann/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Tree Silhouette - geograph.org.uk - 2274631.jpg|thumb|right|70px|crann]]&lt;/br&gt;Is planda adhmadach é crann le gas príomhúil amháin agus craobhacha tánaisteacha.&lt;ref&gt;Shrubs and trees: What defines a tree or a shrub? (2020, March 27). Los Angeles County Arboretum and Botanic Garden. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://arboretum.org/visit/library/online-exhibits/treasures-of-the-rare-book-collection-plants-of-mediterranean-climate-areas/shrubs-and-trees/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''crann fíliginiteach''' (''phylogenetic tree'' as Béarla&lt;!-- citation needed {{cn}} --&gt;)[[Íomhá:Crann.png|thumb|right|90px|Crann fíliginiteach]]&lt;/br&gt;Léiríonn [[crann fíliginiteach]] na gaolta idir orgánaigh éagsúla.&lt;ref name = &quot;Georgia Tech&quot;&gt;Phylogenetic Trees. (n.d.). Georgia Tech Biological Sciences. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://organismalbio.biosci.gatech.edu/biodiversity/phylogenetic-trees/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''crannlann''' (''arboretum'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“crannlann.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/crannlann/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is bailiúchán crann agus toir é [[crannlann]].&lt;ref&gt;Forschungsstelle Realienkunde  Zentralinstitut für Kunstgeschichte. (n.d.). Arboretum. RDK Labor. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.rdklabor.de/wiki/Arboretum&lt;/ref&gt;

==D==
*'''dé-éiciach''' (''dioecious'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“dé-éiciach.” (n.d.). téarma.ie. https://www.tearma.ie/q/d%C3%A9-%C3%A9iciach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn daoine aonair fireanna agus baineanna ar leith ag plandaí dé-éiciach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''dioplóideach''' (''diploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“dioplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/diopl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá dhá cheann de na tacair bhunúsacha crómasóm ag plandaí dioplóideacha sa núicléas.&lt;ref name = &quot;NSW Flora Glossary&quot;&gt;National Herbarium of NSW,  Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney, Australia. (n.d.). New South Wales Flora Online: Glossary of Botanical Terms. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&amp;glossary=yes&amp;alpha=A&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Cuscuta campestris sl22.jpg|thumb|left|130px|Diúlán an seadán éigeanta ''[[Cuscuta campestris]]'']]
*'''diúlán''' (''haustorium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“diúlán.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/di%C3%BAl%C3%A1n/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is orgán é diúlán trína n-ionsúnn seadán substaintí ceimiceacha óna óstach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;

==E==
*'''éaghasach''' (''acaulescent'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“éaghasach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 10, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/%C3%A9aghasach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Carlina acaulis RF.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Is planda éaghasach é ''[[Carlina acaulis]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Is plandaí gan gas iad plandaí éaghasacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''eipifít''' (''epiphyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“eipifít.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/eipif%C3%ADt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is planda é eipifít a fhásann ar phlanda eile, ach ní seadán é.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''eiseamláir an chineáil''' (''type specimen'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“eiseamláir an chineáil.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/eiseaml%C3%A1ir%20an%20chine%C3%A1il/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Cyne baetorta, HT, L39275.jpg|thumb|right|100px|An eiseamláir an chineáil de ''[[Cyne baetorta]]'' Barlow]]&lt;/br&gt;Sainmhíníonn agus déanann an eiseamláir an chineáil ionadaíocht ar tacsón. Feidhmíonn sé mar thagairt fhisiciúil don tacsón.&lt;ref&gt;Ashworth, J. (2025, November 18). What is a type specimen? Natural History Museum, London. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/what-is-a-type-specimen.html&lt;/ref&gt;

==F==
*'''fad idirnódach''' (''internode distance'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;internode&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá an fad idirnódach athraitheach. Féadfaidh sé athrú bunaithe ar an solas gréine atá ar fáil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Rare Plant Atlas&quot;&gt;Glossary. (n.d.). Rare Plant Atlas. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.rareplantatlas.com/glossary&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''faireog mheala''' (''nectary'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“faireog mheala.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/faireog%20mheala/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is struchtúr faireogach é faireog mheala a scaoileann leacht siúcrach (neachtar). Is féidir leis a bheith ina struchtúr i mbláth (faireog mheala bláthach), nó in áit eile ar an bplanda (faireog mheala eachtar-bláthach).&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''fearsaidchruthach''' (''fusiform'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“fearsaidchruthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/fearsaidchruthach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Ciallaíonn fearsaidchruthach cruth fearsaid, níos tibhe sa lár agus ag barrchaolú ag an dá cheann.&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''fialamán''' (''velamen'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“fialamán.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/fialam%C3%A1n/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an fialamán clúdach tiubh spúinseach na bhfréamhacha.&lt;ref&gt;Botanical nerd word: velamen. (2021, February 8). Toronto Botanical Garden. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://torontobotanicalgarden.ca/blog/word-of-the-week/word-of-the-week-velamen/&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Semele androgyna k4.jpg|thumb|left|140px|''[[Semele androgyna]]'' filleaclaid le torthaí]]
*'''filleaclad''' (''phylloclade'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“filleaclad.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/filleaclad/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; Is gas fótaisintéiseach cosúil le duilleog é filleaclad.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''fosú nítrigine''' (''nitrogen fixation'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;fosú nítrigine&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é fosú nítrigine an próiseas ina ndéantar nítrigin atmaisféarach ({{Chem2|N2|auto=1}}) a thiontú go amóinia ({{Chem2|NH3|auto=1}}).&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;
*'''fréamh chrapthach''' (''contractile root'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“fréamh chrapthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/fr%C3%A9amh%20chrapthach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Úsáideann plandaí fréamhacha chrapthach chun iad féin a tharraingt anuas.&lt;ref&gt;University of Florida, University of Kentucky, &amp; Texas A&amp;M University. (2023). Contractile Roots. PropG. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://propg.ifas.ufl.edu/07-geophytes/02-othergeophytes/01-geophytes-contractileroots.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''fréamhnóidín''' (''root nodule'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;nóidín&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Foirmítear nóidín fréimhe nuair a choilíniúnaíonn baictéir fosaithe nítrigine na fréamhacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;

==G==
*'''gaiméitifít''' (''gametophyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;gaiméitifít&quot; /&gt;[[File:Ricciocarpos natans.jpg|thumb|right|105px|Gaiméitifít de ''[[Ricciocarpos natans]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Fásann an gaiméitifít haplóideach ó spóir agus táirgeann sí gaiméite.&lt;ref name = &quot;gaiméitifít&quot;&gt;gaiméitifít. (n.d.). Gaois Research Group. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology/fiat/619447&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Dandelion seed dispersal.jpg|thumb|left|110px|gaothscaipeadh síl]]
*'''gaothscaipeadh síl''' (''anemochory'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“gaothscaipeadh síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/gaothscaipeadh%20s%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é gaothscaipeadh síl scaipeadh síolta leis an ngaoth.&lt;ref name = &quot;Lewis, 2019&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--*'''gasach''' (''caulescent'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Planda a bhfuil gas dea-fhorbartha aige os cionn na talún. Frithchiallach: ''gearrghasach'' (gan gas soiléir).--&gt;
*'''gínéiciam''' (''gynoecium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“gínéiciam.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 6, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/g%C3%ADn%C3%A9iciam/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an gínéiciam an téarma comhchoiteann do orgáin atáirgthe baineanna an bhlátha, atá comhdhéanta de na cairpéil.&lt;ref&gt;Gynoecium, Carpel, Pistil. (2025, February 22). Master Gardeners Northern Virginia. Retrieved March 6, 2026, from https://mgnv.org/plants/glossary/gynoecium-carpel-pistil/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!--*'''ginmhill''' (''abort'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Forbairt struchtúir nó orgáin a thréigean.--&gt;

==H==
*'''heitreaspórach''' (''heterosporous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“heitreaspórach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/heitreasp%C3%B3rach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Táirgeann plandaí heitreaspóracha dhá chineál spóir.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''homaspórach''' (''homosporous'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Planda nach bhfuil ach spóir de chineál amháin aige.&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary British Pteridological Society&quot; /&gt;

==I==
*'''idirnód''' (''internode'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;internode&quot;&gt;“internode.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/internode/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br/&gt;Is éard atá in idirnód an chuid de ghas idir dhá nód.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''ilseipealach''' (''polysepalous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“ilseipealach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/ilseipealach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I cailís ilseipealach, bíonn na séipéil scartha.&lt;ref&gt;Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. &amp; Coates Palgrave, M. (2026). Flora of Caprivi: Glossary details: polysepalous. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.capriviflora.com/speciesdata/glossary-display.php?glossary_id=565&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''inspeirm''' (''endosperm'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“inspeirm.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/inspeirm/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Cocos nucifera00.jpg|thumb|right|100px|An inspeirm bán de shíol ''[[Cocos nucifera]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid den síol é an inspeirm agus cothaíonn sé an spóraifít óg.&lt;ref&gt;Endosperm. (2007, June 18). Lexikon Der Biologie. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.spektrum.de/lexikon/biologie/endosperm/21284&lt;/ref&gt;

==L==
[[File:Latex collection 04.jpg|thumb|left|upright|90px|Laitéis]]
*'''laitéis''' (''latex'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“laitéis.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/lait%C3%A9is/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is sú bán de roinnt plandaí é laitéis.&lt;ref name = &quot;vPlants&quot; /&gt;
*'''lann''' (''lamina'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“lann.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/lann/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an lann an chuid leacaithe de dhuilleog, scartha ón ngas agus ó bhonn an duilleoige.&lt;ref&gt;Botanical nerd word: lamina. (2018, September 25). Toronto Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://torontobotanicalgarden.ca/blog/word-of-the-week/botanical-nerd-word-lamina/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''lansach''' (''lanceolate'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“lansach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 21, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/lansach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Leaf morphology lanceolate.png|thumb|right|140px|Duilleog lansach ]]&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn duilleog lansach caol agus ubhchruthach. Bíonn an pointe is leithne inti thíos leis an lár.&lt;ref name = &quot;The Pea Key, 2007&quot;&gt;The Australian Pea-flowered Legume Research Group. (2007). Leaf or leaflet shape. The Pea Key: An Interactive Key for Australian Pea-flowered Legumes. Retrieved March 21, 2026, from https://www.anbg.gov.au/cpbr/cd-keys/peakey/key/The%20Pea%20Key/Media/Html/41_leaf_shape.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''leictitíopa''' (''lectotype'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“leictitíopa.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/leictit%C3%ADopa/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is sintíopa é leictitíopa a roghnaítear níos déanaí mar an eiseamláir an chineáil.&lt;ref name = &quot;McGrouther, 2020&quot;&gt;McGrouther, M. (2020). Types of types. The Australian Museum. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://australian.museum/learn/animals/fishes/types-of-types/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''liathghorm''' (''glaucous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;IDM &amp; Foras na Gaeilge. (n.d.). glaucous. Foclóirí Ár Linne. Retrieved March 3, 2026, from https://www.focloir.ie/en/dictionary/ei/glaucous&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Picea pungens4.jpg|thumb|right|90px|Duilleoga liathghorm na ''[[Picea pungens]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Déanann an focal liathghorm cur síos ar dhromchla céiriúil atá idir ghorm agus liath.&lt;ref&gt;Eckel, P. M. (2023). A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 3, 2026, from https://www.mobot.org/mobot/latindict/keyDetail.aspx?keyWord=glaucous&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''luathbhaineannach''' (''protogynous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“luathbhaineannach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/luathbhaineannach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn céim baineann ag bláth luathbhaineannach roimh a chéim fhireann ar leith.&lt;ref&gt;New York Botanical Garden. (n.d.). Protogyny (protogynous). French Guianan E-Flora Project. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/projects/fg/glossary-details/?irn=1302&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''luathfhireannach''' (''protandrous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“luathfhireannach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/luathfhireannach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn céim fhireann ag bláth luathfhireannach roimh a chéim baineann ar leith.&lt;ref&gt;New York Botanical Garden. (n.d.-a). Protandry (protandrous). French Guianan E-Flora Project. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/projects/fg/glossary-details/?irn=1300&lt;/ref&gt;

==M==
*'''máthairshíol''' (''seed parent'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“máthairshíol.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved July 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/m%C3%A1thairsh%C3%ADol/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; An máthairshíol a thugtar ar an phlanda a fhásann an síol.&lt;ref&gt;MacRobert, J., Setimela, P. S., Gethi, J., &amp; Regasa, M. W. (2014). [https://excellenceinbreeding.org/sites/default/files/manual/98078.pdf Maize hybrid seed production manual.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260730221946/https://excellenceinbreeding.org/sites/default/files/manual/98078.pdf |date=2026-07-30 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''meigeagaiméitifít''' (''megagametophyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“meigeagaiméitifít.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/meigeagaim%C3%A9itif%C3%ADt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Cruthaítear an meigeagaiméitifít le fás na meigeaspóir. Gineann an meigeagaiméitifít gaiméit baineann an phlanda heitreaspórach.&lt;ref&gt;Government of South Australia. (2025, July 7). megagametophyte. Flora of South Australia. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://flora.sa.gov.au/glossary/megagametophyte&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''meigeaspór''' (''megaspore'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“meigeaspór.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/meigeasp%C3%B3r/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I bplandaí heitreaspóracha, is é an meigeaspór an cineál mór spóir. Fásann sé ina gaiméitifít baineann.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''meiteaxiléim''' (''metaxylem'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid den xiléim phríomhúil é an meiteaxiléim, ar céim luath í i bhforbairt an xiléim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;
*'''micreagaiméitifít''' (''microgametophyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“micreagaiméitifít.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 21, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/micreagaim%C3%A9itif%C3%ADt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Fásann an micreagaiméitifít ón micreaspór agus táirgeann sé na gaiméite fireann de phlanda heitreaspórach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''micreaspór''' (''microspore'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“micreaspór.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/micreasp%C3%B3r/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I bplandaí heitreaspóracha, is é an micreaspór an cineál beag spóir. Fásann sé ina gaiméitifít fhireann.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''micripíl''' (''micropyle'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“micripíl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/micrip%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cainéal beag é an micripíl a thrasnaíonn ionar ubhúlach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--*'''micreastrobalas''' (microstrobilus as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;https://www.tearma.ie/q/micro-/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://super.tearma.ie/q/strobilus/&lt;/ref&gt; An ceann is lú de dhá chineál bhuaircíní nó strobalas a tháirgeann gimnispeirmeacha, an ceann fireann é agus táirgeann sé an phailin.--&gt;

==N==
[[File:E mammillaris ies.jpg|thumb|left|70px|neachtar]]
*'''neachtar''' (''nectar'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;neachtar&quot;&gt;“neachtar.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/neachtar/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is leacht milis é neachtar a scaoileann faireog mheala na bláthanna mar luach saothair tarraingteach d'ainmhithe pailniúcháin.&lt;ref name = &quot;Betterbee&quot; /&gt;
*'''nideog éiceolaíoch''' (''ecological niche'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“nideog éiceolaíoch.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/nideog%20%C3%A9iceola%C3%ADoch/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard is nideog éiceolaíoch ann ná iomlán na gcaidreamh idir speiceas agus a comhshaol.&lt;ref name = &quot;Folkmann, 2019&quot;&gt;Folkmann, M. (2019). [https://grabbe-gymnasium.de/spr/biologie/AB%20Glossar%20Oekologie.pdf Glossar zur Ökologie.] Detmold; Christian-Dietrich-Grabbe-Gymnasium.&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''nód''' (''node'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“nód.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/n%C3%B3d/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é nód an pointe ar an gas as a bhfásann duilleoga nó craobhacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Devlin, 2026&quot; /&gt;
*'''nóidín fréimhe''' (''root nodule'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;nóidín&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Foirmítear nóidín fréimhe nuair a choilíniúnaíonn baictéir fosaithe nítrigine na fréamhacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;

==O==
*'''olasóm''' (''elaiosome'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“olasóm.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/olas%C3%B3m/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Afzelia africana1.jpg|thumb|right|140px|Síolta ''[[Afzelia africana]]'' a bhfuil olasóm oráiste orthu]]&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid chothaitheach de shíol é olasóm a mheallann ainmhithe cosúil le seangáin. Cuidíonn sé le scaipeadh síolta.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''onn-aiseach''' (''adaxial'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“onn-aiseach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved July 28, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/onn-aiseach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá dromchlaí onn-aiseach os comhair ais an struchtúir a bhfuil sé ceangailte leis.&lt;ref name = &quot;vPlants&quot; /&gt;

==P==
&lt;!--* '''peitínáit'''  (''petiolate'' as Béarla) aidiacht ina ndéantar cur síos ar dhuilleoga nó ar struchtúir bhitheolaíocha a bhfuil gas (peitín) orthu, agus iad ceangailte go díreach le gas nó brainse. &lt;ref&gt;https://www.tearma.ie/q/petiolate/ ??&lt;/ref&gt;--&gt;
*'''piorrachruthach''' (''pyriform'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;piorrachruthach&quot;&gt;“piorrachruthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/piorrachruthach/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Ficus pyriformis.JPG|thumb|right|125px|Torthaí piorrachruthacha an ''[[Ficus pyriformis]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Aidiacht, i gcruth péire.&lt;ref name = &quot;piorrachruthach&quot; /&gt;
*'''prótaixiléim''' (''protoxylem'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid den xiléim phríomhúil é an prótaixiléim, ar céim luath í i bhforbairt an xiléim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;

==R==
[[File:Inflorescences Raceme Kwiatostan Grono.svg|thumb|left|upright|55px|raicéim]]
*'''raicéim''' (''raceme'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“raicéim.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/raic%C3%A9im/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é raicéim le hais neamhroinnte ar a bhfuil bláthanna gasógacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot; /&gt;

==S==
&lt;!--*'''scoitheadh''' (''abscission'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Scaoileadh nádúrtha orgáin atá aibí nó sean, amhail toradh aibí nó duilleog aosta.--&gt;
&lt;!--*'''snáthaidiúil''' (acicular as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Caol nó snáthaidchruthach.--&gt;
*'''samár''' (''samara'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“samár.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sam%C3%A1r/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is toradh neamhoscailteach aonsíolta le sciatháin é samár.&lt;ref name = &quot;Gray, 1875&quot; /&gt;{{rp|p=79}}
*'''siogót''' (''zygote'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“siogót.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/siog%C3%B3t/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard atá i siogót an chill dhioplóideach a eascraíonn as comhleá gaiméit.&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''síol''' (''seed'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;síl&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard atá i síol suth agus a struchtúir chosanta agus a struchtúir chothaitheacha atá in ann forbairt ina phlanda.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''síol inphéactha''' (''germinable seed'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;síl&quot;&gt;“síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/s%C3%ADl/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá síolta inphéactha in ann forbairt ina síológ.&lt;ref&gt;Keimfähigkeit. (n.d.). Bundesverband Deutscher Pflanzenzüchter. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.bdp-online.de/de/Pflanzenzuechtung/Glossar/terms/Keimfaehigkeit/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''síológ''' (''seedling'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“síológ.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/s%C3%ADol%C3%B3g/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is planda beag é síológ a fhásann ó shíol agus de ghnáth ní bhíonn ach a cotailéadóin agus cúpla duilleog leis.&lt;ref name = &quot;Seed sowing glossary&quot;&gt;Seed sowing glossary. (n.d.). Foundation for Arable Research. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.far.org.nz/schools/seed-sowing-glossary&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Arum creticum Marmaris White.jpg|thumb|left|120px|''[[Arum creticum]]'' le spáidín bán agus spáideog buí]]
*'''spáideog''' (''spadix'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“spáideog.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sp%C3%A1ideog/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é spáideog ina mbíonn bláthanna ag fás ar ais tiubh, feolmhar.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''spáidín''' (''spathe'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“spáidín.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sp%C3%A1id%C3%ADn/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is bracht mór é spáidín a thimpeallaíonn an spáideog.&lt;ref name = &quot;Sterry, 1997&quot;&gt;Sterry, P. (1997). [https://www.google.de/books/edition/Collins_Complete_British_Wildlife_Photog/H2oXAAAACAAJ?hl=en Collins Complete British Wildlife Photoguide.] Kiribati: HarperCollins.&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|p=356}}
*'''speiceas i mbaol criticiúil''' (''critically endangered species'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas i mbaol criticiúil&quot; /&gt;[[File:凹脈金花茶 Camellia impressinervis -香港公園 Hong Kong Park, Hong Kong- (39897970614).jpg|thumb|right|100px|Is speiceas i mbaol criticiúil é ''[[Camellia impressinervis]]''.&lt;ref&gt;Wheeler, L. &amp; Rivers, M.C. 2015. ''Camellia impressinervis''. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T62053740A62053758. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T62053740A62053758.en. Accessed on 01 March 2026.&lt;/ref&gt;]]&lt;br/&gt;Is speicis iad speicis atá i mbaol criticiúil díothaithe sa nádúr atá thar a bheith ard.&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas i mbaol criticiúil&quot;&gt;Fiontar &amp; Scoil na Gaeilge, DCU. (n.d.). “speiceas i mbaol criticiúil.” Grúpa Taighde Gaois. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology?Query=speiceas+i+mbaol+critici%C3%BAil&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''speiceas is lú imní''' (''least-concern species'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is tacsóin forleathana agus flúirseacha iad speiceas is lú imní.&lt;ref name = &quot;IUCN, 2012&quot;&gt;IUCN. (2012). [https://portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/documents/RL-2001-001-2nd.pdf IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition.] Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iv + 32pp.&lt;/ref&gt; Tá riosca níos ísle díothaithe ag na speicis seo.&lt;ref&gt;Frequently Asked Questions. (n.d.). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.iucnredlist.org/about/faqs#Why%20are%20LC%20species%20on%20the%20Red%20List&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''speiceas leochaileach''' (''vulnerable species'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas leochaileach&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá riosca ard díothaithe sa nádúr ag speiceas leochaileach.&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas leochaileach&quot;&gt;speiceas leochaileach. (n.d.). Gaois Research Group. Retrieved March 10, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology/fiat/635130&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''spor''' (''spur'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“spor.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/spor/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is síneadh feadánach log den coróinín é spor.&lt;ref name = &quot;Devlin, 2026&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Prunus AbscissionZone 1 (35974302350).jpg|thumb|right|120px|Sraith scoite ''[[Prunus]]'']]
*'''sraith scoite''' (''abscission layer'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“sraith scoite.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved August 31, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sraith%20scoite/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; Is sraith cealla í sraith scoite ina mbriseann orgán titimeach, mar shampla duilleog.&lt;ref&gt;Botanical Orchid Glossary: Glossary Term: Abscission layer. (n.d.). Orchids of New Guinea. Retrieved August 31, 2026, from https://www.orchidsnewguinea.com/orchid-glossary/define-term/Abscission+layer/&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Phyla cuneifolia runner.jpg|thumb|left|120px|''[[Phyla cuneifolia]]'' stólan]]
*'''stólan''' (''stolon'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“stólan.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/st%C3%B3lan/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Gas cothrománach is ea stólan a shníonn os cionn, ar nó faoi dhromchla na talún&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt; agus a fhásann planda nua.&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary British Pteridological Society&quot; /&gt;
*'''strobalas''' (''strobilus'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“strobalas.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/strobalas/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard is strobalas ann ná struchtúr cosúil le buaircín atá comhdhéanta de spóraifille atá iompaithe go dlúth ar an ais.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;

==T==
*'''teipeal''' (''tepal'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“teipeal.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 4, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/teipeal/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Úsáidtear an téarma teipal do chodanna an peirianta má tá cuma an-chosúil ar na peitil agus ar na seipil.&lt;ref&gt;Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. &amp; Coates Palgrave, M. (2026). Flora of Caprivi: Glossary details: tepal. https://www.capriviflora.com/speciesdata/glossary-display.php?glossary_id=768, retrieved 4 March 2026&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Tetradium daniellii (Benn.) T.G. Hartley.jpg|thumb|left|120px|Torthú bláthra ''[[Tetradium daniellii]]'']]
*'''torthú bláthra''' (''infructescence'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;bláthra&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an torthú bláthra an struchtúr ina dtaispeántar torthaí ar phlanda.&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary for Vascular Plants&quot;&gt;Glossary for Vascular Plants. (2018, November 19). New York Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/glossary/glossary-list/?ImagesOnly=yes&amp;LimitPerPage=75&amp;rownum=676&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''treoir neachtair''' (''nectar guide''  as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;neachtar&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is marcanna nó patrúin ar bhláthanna iad treoracha neachtair a threoraíonn feithidí chuig an neachtar.&lt;ref name = &quot;Betterbee&quot;&gt;Glossary of beekeeping Terms. (n.d.). Betterbee. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.betterbee.com/glossary/&lt;/ref&gt;

==U==
*'''uathpholaplóideach''' (''autopolyploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“uathpholaplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/uathpholapl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál planda polaplóideach é planda uathpholaplóideach a chruthaítear trí géanóm amháin a dhúbailt. I bplandaí uathpholaplóideacha, tagann na crómasóm go léir ón speiceas céanna.&lt;ref&gt;Lefers, M. &amp; Holmgren Lab. (2004). autopolyploid. Hedgehog Signaling Glossary. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://groups.molbiosci.northwestern.edu/holmgren/Glossary/Definitions/Def-A/autopolyploid.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''ubhagán uachtarach''' (''superior ovary'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“ubhagán uachtarach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/ubhag%C3%A1n%20uachtarach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá ubhagán uachtarach suite os cionn an phointe ina bhfuil na seipil, na peitil agus na staimín ceangailte.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Trapa japonica floating seed in Yokotake, Kanzaki.jpg|thumb|left|100px|uiscescaipeadh síl]]
*'''uiscescaipeadh síl''' (''hydrochory'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“uiscescaipeadh síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/uiscescaipeadh%20s%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é uiscescaipeadh síl scaipeadh síolta trí uisce.&lt;ref name = &quot;Lewis, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''umbal''' (''umbel'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;umbal&quot;&gt;“umbal.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/umbal/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;{{Il-íomhánna
 | align = right
 | direction = horizontal
 | total_width = 180
 | header = 
 | image1 = Inflorescences Umbel Kwiatostan Baldach.svg
 | alt1 = 
 | caption1 = umbal
 | image2 = Inflorescences Umbel Kwiatostan BaldachZłożony.svg
 | alt2 = 
 | caption2 = umbal comhshuite
}}&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra craobhach é umbal. Bíonn bláthanna sa bláthra ina bhfuil na gasóga go léir ar an fhad céanna agus ag teacht ó phointe amháin.&lt;ref name = &quot;Nelson, 2012&quot;&gt;Nelson, R. C. (2012). The Description of Flowers. University of Rochester. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.cs.rochester.edu/u/nelson/wildflowers/glossaries/flowers/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''umbal comhshuite''' (''compound umbel'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;umbal&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é umbal comhshuite ina n-eascraíonn roinnt umbal as aon phointe amháin.&lt;ref&gt;Inflorescences 15-Compound umbel. (n.d.). University of Illinois. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.life.illinois.edu/help/digitalflowers/Inflorescences/15.htm&lt;/ref&gt;

==X==
[[File:Decussate (PSF).png|thumb|left|100px|x-chruthach]]
*'''xantaifill''' (''xanthophyll'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“xantaifill.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/xantaifill/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is grúpa líocha caraitéanóideacha oráiste é xantaifill. Cosúil le caraitéin, cuidíonn xantaifill le fótaisintéis.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''x-chruthach''' (''decussate'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“x-chruthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/x-chruthach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Ciallaíonn suíomh x-chruthach duilleoga go bhfuil péirí duilleoga socraithe ag uillinn 90° le péirí duilleoga cóngaracha thuas agus thíos. Tá na péirí trasnaithe i bhfoirm X.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''xéirifíteach''' (''xerophytic'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“xéirifíteach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/x%C3%A9irif%C3%ADteach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Echinocactus grusonii flora cologne.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Is plandaí xéirifíteacha iad na cachtais.&lt;ref name = &quot;Duke University&quot;&gt;Xerophytes “Cactus-Like” collection. (n.d.). Duke University. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://liveplantcollections.biology.duke.edu/featured-collections/xeric&lt;/ref&gt;]]&lt;/br&gt;Tá plandaí xéirifíteacha oiriúnaithe do aeráid nó do ghnáthóg thirim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''xiléim''' (''xylem'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;xiléim&quot;&gt;“xiléim.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/xil%C3%A9im/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is fíochán lignithe é an xiléim atá freagrach as iompar uisce i bplandaí.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot;&gt;University of Florida, University of Kentucky, &amp; Texas A&amp;M University. (n.d.). Xylem. PropG. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://propg.ifas.ufl.edu/01-biology/02-cell-types/12-celltypes-xylem.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''xiléim phríomhúil''' (''primary xylem'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;xiléim&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is céim luath forbartha í an xiléim phríomhúil agus tá sé déanta as prótaixiléim agus meiteaxiléim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;
*'''xiléim thánaisteach''' (''secondary xylem'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;xiléim&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Déantar an xiléim thánaisteach ón sraith chaimbiam. Tá sé freagrach as forbairt leataobhach agus fás adhmad.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;

==Z==
[[File:Goral Girardinia diversifolia AJTJ.jpg|thumb|left|120px|zóscaipeadh síl]]
*'''zóscaipeadh síl''' (''zoochory'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“zóscaipeadh síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/z%C3%B3scaipeadh%20s%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é zóscaipeadh síl scaipeadh síolta ag ainmhithe.&lt;ref name = &quot;Lewis, 2019&quot;&gt;Lewis, A. (2019, August 23). Seed dispersal: 5 ways trees spread seeds. Woodland Trust. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.woodlandtrust.org.uk/blog/2019/08/seed-dispersal/&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tagairtí==
&lt;references&gt;
&lt;!-- Especially useful sources for definitions can be collected down here: --&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary British Pteridological Society&quot;&gt;Glossary. (n.d.). British Pteridological Society. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://britishfernsociety.org.uk/Glossary/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Gray, 1875&quot;&gt;Gray,  Asa. (1875). [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/56536335 Botany for young people and common subjects : how plants grow : a simple introduction to structural botany : with popular flora, or an arrangement and description of common plants, both wild and cultivated : illustrated by 500 wood engravings.] Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot;&gt;Government of South Australia. (n.d.). Flora of Australia Glossary. Flora of South Australia. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://flora.sa.gov.au/glossary/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot;&gt;The Rwanda flora team. (2026). Flora of Rwanda: Glossary. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.rwandaflora.com/speciesdata/glossary.php&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot;&gt;Jessop, J.P., Toelken, H.R. &amp; Kellermann, J. (2011). [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344409776_Glossary_of_botanical_terms_version_1 Glossary of botanical terms (version 1).] In: Kellermann, J. (ed.), Flora of South Australia (ed. 5). 24 pp. (State Herbarium of South Australia: Adelaide). www.flora.sa.gov.au/ed5&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot;&gt;UCMP Glossary: Botany. (2009). University of California Museum of Paleontology. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/gloss8botany.html&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;vPlants&quot;&gt;Plant Glossary. (n.d.). vPlants: A Virtual Herbarium of the Chicago Region. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://vplants.org/portal/plants/glossary/index.php&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Bobrov &amp; Romanov, 2019&quot;&gt;&lt;!-- Definitions of fruit terminology --&gt;Bobrov, A. V. C., &amp; Romanov, M. S. (2019). [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23818107.2019.1663448 Morphogenesis of fruits and types of fruit of angiosperms.] Botany letters, 166(3), 366-399.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot;&gt;Hodgkiss, R. J. (2019). Glossary of Botanical Terms. The Succulent Plant Page. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://succulent-plant.com/glossary/plantglossary.html&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Devlin, 2026&quot;&gt;Devlin, Z. (2026). Irish Wildflower Glossary. Wildflowers of Ireland. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.wildflowersofireland.net/glossary.php&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot;&gt;Huisman, J. M., &amp; Entwisle, T. J. (2022). Algae of Australia Glossary. Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.dcceew.gov.au/science-research/abrs/online-resources/glossaries/algae&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/references&gt;


{{síol}}</text>
      <sha1>6sdyuq5ub65jhzspu0lornuswg675wz</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1328805</id>
      <parentid>1328804</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T17:39:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Conan Wolff</username>
        <id>51812</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>leathadh na bhfréamhacha - branching of roots</comment>
      <origin>1328805</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="49363" sha1="ljl3mgrc526p25bgulrlrqnvjemldel" xml:space="preserve">{{Teimpléad:Athbhreithniú}}
Míníonn an foclóir téarmaí luibheolaíochta seo téarmaí luibheolaíochta.

==A==
*'''achtanamorfach''' (''actinomorphic'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“achtanamorfach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/achtanamorfach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Fragaria vesca2.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Bláth achtanamorfach de ''[[Fragaria vesca]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn bláthanna aictiomorfacha ga-shiméadrach.&lt;ref&gt;Eckel, P. M. (n.d.). A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.mobot.org/mobot/latindict/keyDetail.aspx?keyWord=actinomorphic&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!--*'''acraifil''' (''acrophyll'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Duilleoga rialta de phlanda aibí, a tháirgtear os cionn an bhoinn, murab ionann is an bhasaifil.--&gt;
*'''aicéin''' (''achene'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“aicéin.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/aic%C3%A9in/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is toradh tirim, neamhoscailte, aon-shíolach é aicéin. Níl an síol ceangailte de bhalla an toraidh ach ag pointe amháin. Fásann an toradh ó ubhagán uachtarach aon-sheoimrín.&lt;ref name = &quot;FTG Fruit type Glossary&quot;&gt;Glossary Fruit type. (2007). Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Virtual Herbarium (FTG). Retrieved April 18, 2026, from http://www.virtualherbarium.org/glossary/glossary.php?cid=65&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''aindréiciam''' (''androecium''  as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“aindréiciam.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 7, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/aindr%C3%A9iciam/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an aindréiciam an téarma comhchoiteann do na horgáin atáirgthe fireanna sa bhláth, atá comhdhéanta de na staimín.&lt;ref&gt;Androecium, stamen, staminate, staminode. (2026, February 23). Master Gardeners of Northern Virginia. Retrieved March 7, 2026, from https://mgnv.org/plants/glossary/androecium-stamen-staminate/&lt;/ref&gt;
{{Il-íomhánna
 | align = left
 | direction = horizontal
 | total_width = 180
 | header = 
 | image1 = 2020 year. Herbarium. Alchemilla vulgaris. img-014.jpg
 | alt1 = 
 | caption1 = onn-aiseach
 | image2 = 2020 year. Herbarium. Alchemilla vulgaris. img-008.jpg
 | alt2 = 
 | caption2 = all-aiseach
}}
*'''all-aiseach''' (''abaxial'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“all-aiseach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/all-aiseach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Aidiacht, a bhfuil a treo urchomhaireach le treo na haise (= taobh íochtair).&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--*'''andragíneafór''' (''androgynophore'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Gas ar a bhfuil an t-aindréiciam agus an gínéiciam de bhláth os cionn leibhéal ionsáite an pheirianta.--&gt;
&lt;!--*'''andramoinéiciach''' (''andromonoecious'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Córas annamh pórúcháin plandaí é andramoinéiciach ina dtáirgeann planda aonair bláthanna fireanna agus déghnéasacha araon.--&gt;
&lt;!--*'''andrafór''' (''androphore'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;An gas nó an colún a thacaíonn leis na staimíní i mbláthanna áirithe.--&gt;
*'''angaispeirm''' (''angiosperm'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“angaispeirm.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/angaispeirm/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) cross-section - 20080613.png|thumb|right|120px|In angaispeirm, bíonn na ubhúlaigh faoi iamh i gcairpéil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Bedecktsamer&quot; /&gt;]]&lt;/br&gt;Is grúpa plandaí iad na angiospermaigh a bhfuil ubhúlach acu atá iata i gcairpéil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Bedecktsamer&quot;&gt;Bedecktsamer. (2007, June 18). Lexikon Der Biologie. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.spektrum.de/lexikon/biologie/bedecktsamer/7737&lt;/ref&gt;

==B==
*'''baictéar fosaithe nítrigine''' (''nitrogen-fixing bacterium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;fosú nítrigine&quot;&gt;“fosú nítrigine.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/fos%C3%BA%20n%C3%ADtrigine/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Úsáideann baictéar fosaithe nítrigine einsím chun nítrigin atmaisféarach ({{Chem2|N2|auto=1}}) a thiontú go amóinia ({{Chem2|NH3|auto=1}}).&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot;&gt;Wagner, S. C. (2011). Biological Nitrogen Fixation. Nature Education. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/biological-nitrogen-fixation-23570419/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''baictéar nóidín''' (''nodule bacterium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;nóidín&quot;&gt;“nóidín.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/n%C3%B3id%C3%ADn/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Déanann baictéir nóidín, amhail ''[[Rhizobium]]'' nó ''[[Bradyrhizobium]]'', coilíniú ar na fréamhacha agus cruthaíonn siad nóidíní. Maireann na baictéir sna nóidíní. Soláthraíonn na fosaitheoirí nítrigine seo nítrigin don phlanda.&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;
*'''barraimsitheach''' (''acropetal'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“barraimsitheach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/barraimsitheach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Ciallaíonn an téarma ''barraimsitheach'' go dtosaíonn rud ag fás nó ag forbairt ag an mbun agus go leanann sé aníos i dtreo an bharr.&lt;ref name = &quot;Tropical Forages Glossary&quot;&gt;Cook BG, Pengelly BC, Schultze-Kraft R, Taylor M, Burkart S, Cardoso Arango JA, González Guzmán JJ, Cox K, Jones C, Peters M. &amp; International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia and International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya. (2020). Glossary. Tropical Forages: An Interactive Selection Tool. 2nd and Revised Edn. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://tropicalforages.info/text/entities/glossary.htm&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''bláthra''' (''inflorescence'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;bláthra&quot;&gt;“bláthra.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/bl%C3%A1thra/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is grúpa bláthanna é bláthra.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''bleib''' (''bulb'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“bleib.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/bleib/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:White onion cross section.jpg|thumb|right|70px|bleib]]&lt;/br&gt;Is gas faoi thalamh modhnaithe é bleibe, atá timpeallaithe ag duilleoga modhnaithe.&lt;ref&gt;What is a bulb? (2020, March 17). Michigan State University Extension. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/what-is-a-bulb&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''bliantóg''' (''annual plant'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“bliantóg.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/bliant%C3%B3g/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bláthaíonn agus faigheann bliantóg bás i mbliain amháin.&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Sorbus aucuparia vaisiai, 2006-0823.jpg|thumb|left|120px|Bréagthorthaí ''[[Sorbus aucuparia]]'']]
*'''bréagthoradh''' (''accessory fruit'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“bréagthoradh.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 5, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/br%C3%A9agthoradh/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; Is cineál toraidh é bréagthoradh a fhorbraíonn ó struchtúir cairpéil agus eachtarcairpéil araon.&lt;ref name = &quot;Bobrov &amp; Romanov, 2019&quot; /&gt;

==C==
*'''cill''' (''cell'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;cell&quot;&gt;“cell.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/cell/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is í cill an t-aonad struchtúrach bunúsach d'orgánaigh.&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''cill stórais''' (''storage cell'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;cell&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;D’fhéadfadh go mbeadh cainníochtaí móra polaisiúicrídí, próitéiní, lipidí,&lt;ref name = &quot;Fasseas, 1980&quot;&gt;Fasseas, C. (1980). [https://theses.gla.ac.uk/72881/1/10647162.pdf Fine structural studies on differentiation and dedifferentiation in the higher plant.]] University of Glasgow (United Kingdom).&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|1}} nó uisce i gcill stórais.&lt;ref name = &quot;Mauseth, 1995&quot;&gt;Mauseth, J. D. (1995). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2996453 Collapsible water-storage cells in cacti.] Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 145-151.&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''clóraplast''' (''chloroplast'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;clóraplast&quot;&gt;clóraplast. (n.d.-b). Gaois Research Group. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology/fiat/620910&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is orgánaid cheallach plandaí é an [[clóraplast]] a dhéanann an [[fótaisintéis]].&lt;ref name = &quot;clóraplast&quot; /&gt;
{{Il-íomhánna
 | align = left
 | direction = horizontal
 | total_width = 180
 | header = 
 | image1 = Inflorescences Corymb Kwiatostan BaldachGrono.svg
 | alt1 = 
 | caption1 = coirím raicéimeach&lt;!-- racemose corymb --&gt;
 | image2 = Schirmrispe (inflorescence).svg
 | alt2 = 
 | caption2 = coirím címeach&lt;!-- cymose corymb --&gt;
}}
*'''coirím''' (''corymb'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“coirím.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/coir%C3%ADm/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é coirím ina dtosaíonn na craobhacha ó phointí difriúla, ach sroicheann siad an airde chéanna.&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot; /&gt;
*'''coirt''' (''bark'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“coirt.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/coirt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is í an choirt an ciseal seachtrach cosanta de fhréamhacha agus gais plandaí adhmadacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''colúinín''' (''columella'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“colúinín.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/col%C3%BAin%C3%ADn/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is colún beag fíocháin é colúinín atá i lár capsúl.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''comhsheipealach''' (''gamosepalous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“comhsheipealach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/comhsheipealach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I gcailís chomhsheipealach bíonn na seipil comhleáite.&lt;ref&gt;Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. &amp; Coates Palgrave, M. (n.d.). Flora of Mozambique: Glossary details: gamosepalous. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.mozambiqueflora.com/speciesdata/glossary-display.php?glossary_id=318&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''crann''' (''tree'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“crann.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/crann/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Tree Silhouette - geograph.org.uk - 2274631.jpg|thumb|right|70px|crann]]&lt;/br&gt;Is planda adhmadach é crann le gas príomhúil amháin agus craobhacha tánaisteacha.&lt;ref&gt;Shrubs and trees: What defines a tree or a shrub? (2020, March 27). Los Angeles County Arboretum and Botanic Garden. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://arboretum.org/visit/library/online-exhibits/treasures-of-the-rare-book-collection-plants-of-mediterranean-climate-areas/shrubs-and-trees/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''crann fíliginiteach''' (''phylogenetic tree'' as Béarla&lt;!-- citation needed {{cn}} --&gt;)[[Íomhá:Crann.png|thumb|right|90px|Crann fíliginiteach]]&lt;/br&gt;Léiríonn [[crann fíliginiteach]] na gaolta idir orgánaigh éagsúla.&lt;ref name = &quot;Georgia Tech&quot;&gt;Phylogenetic Trees. (n.d.). Georgia Tech Biological Sciences. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://organismalbio.biosci.gatech.edu/biodiversity/phylogenetic-trees/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''crannlann''' (''arboretum'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“crannlann.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/crannlann/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is bailiúchán crann agus toir é [[crannlann]].&lt;ref&gt;Forschungsstelle Realienkunde  Zentralinstitut für Kunstgeschichte. (n.d.). Arboretum. RDK Labor. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.rdklabor.de/wiki/Arboretum&lt;/ref&gt;

==D==
*'''dé-éiciach''' (''dioecious'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“dé-éiciach.” (n.d.). téarma.ie. https://www.tearma.ie/q/d%C3%A9-%C3%A9iciach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn daoine aonair fireanna agus baineanna ar leith ag plandaí dé-éiciach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''dioplóideach''' (''diploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“dioplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/diopl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá dhá cheann de na tacair bhunúsacha crómasóm ag plandaí dioplóideacha sa núicléas.&lt;ref name = &quot;NSW Flora Glossary&quot;&gt;National Herbarium of NSW,  Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney, Australia. (n.d.). New South Wales Flora Online: Glossary of Botanical Terms. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&amp;glossary=yes&amp;alpha=A&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Cuscuta campestris sl22.jpg|thumb|left|130px|Diúlán an seadán éigeanta ''[[Cuscuta campestris]]'']]
*'''diúlán''' (''haustorium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“diúlán.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/di%C3%BAl%C3%A1n/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is orgán é diúlán trína n-ionsúnn seadán substaintí ceimiceacha óna óstach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;

==E==
*'''éaghasach''' (''acaulescent'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“éaghasach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 10, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/%C3%A9aghasach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Carlina acaulis RF.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Is planda éaghasach é ''[[Carlina acaulis]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Is plandaí gan gas iad plandaí éaghasacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''eipifít''' (''epiphyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“eipifít.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/eipif%C3%ADt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is planda é eipifít a fhásann ar phlanda eile, ach ní seadán é.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''eiseamláir an chineáil''' (''type specimen'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“eiseamláir an chineáil.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/eiseaml%C3%A1ir%20an%20chine%C3%A1il/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Cyne baetorta, HT, L39275.jpg|thumb|right|100px|An eiseamláir an chineáil de ''[[Cyne baetorta]]'' Barlow]]&lt;/br&gt;Sainmhíníonn agus déanann an eiseamláir an chineáil ionadaíocht ar tacsón. Feidhmíonn sé mar thagairt fhisiciúil don tacsón.&lt;ref&gt;Ashworth, J. (2025, November 18). What is a type specimen? Natural History Museum, London. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/what-is-a-type-specimen.html&lt;/ref&gt;

==F==
*'''fad idirnódach''' (''internode distance'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;internode&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá an fad idirnódach athraitheach. Féadfaidh sé athrú bunaithe ar an solas gréine atá ar fáil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Rare Plant Atlas&quot;&gt;Glossary. (n.d.). Rare Plant Atlas. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.rareplantatlas.com/glossary&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''faireog mheala''' (''nectary'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“faireog mheala.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/faireog%20mheala/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is struchtúr faireogach é faireog mheala a scaoileann leacht siúcrach (neachtar). Is féidir leis a bheith ina struchtúr i mbláth (faireog mheala bláthach), nó in áit eile ar an bplanda (faireog mheala eachtar-bláthach).&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''fearsaidchruthach''' (''fusiform'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“fearsaidchruthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/fearsaidchruthach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Ciallaíonn fearsaidchruthach cruth fearsaid, níos tibhe sa lár agus ag barrchaolú ag an dá cheann.&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''fialamán''' (''velamen'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“fialamán.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/fialam%C3%A1n/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an fialamán clúdach tiubh spúinseach na bhfréamhacha.&lt;ref&gt;Botanical nerd word: velamen. (2021, February 8). Toronto Botanical Garden. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://torontobotanicalgarden.ca/blog/word-of-the-week/word-of-the-week-velamen/&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Semele androgyna k4.jpg|thumb|left|140px|''[[Semele androgyna]]'' filleaclaid le torthaí]]
*'''filleaclad''' (''phylloclade'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“filleaclad.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/filleaclad/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; Is gas fótaisintéiseach cosúil le duilleog é filleaclad.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''fosú nítrigine''' (''nitrogen fixation'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;fosú nítrigine&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é fosú nítrigine an próiseas ina ndéantar nítrigin atmaisféarach ({{Chem2|N2|auto=1}}) a thiontú go amóinia ({{Chem2|NH3|auto=1}}).&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;
*'''fréamh chrapthach''' (''contractile root'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“fréamh chrapthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/fr%C3%A9amh%20chrapthach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Úsáideann plandaí fréamhacha chrapthach chun iad féin a tharraingt anuas.&lt;ref&gt;University of Florida, University of Kentucky, &amp; Texas A&amp;M University. (2023). Contractile Roots. PropG. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://propg.ifas.ufl.edu/07-geophytes/02-othergeophytes/01-geophytes-contractileroots.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''fréamhnóidín''' (''root nodule'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;nóidín&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Foirmítear nóidín fréimhe nuair a choilíniúnaíonn baictéir fosaithe nítrigine na fréamhacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;

==G==
*'''gaiméitifít''' (''gametophyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;gaiméitifít&quot; /&gt;[[File:Ricciocarpos natans.jpg|thumb|right|105px|Gaiméitifít de ''[[Ricciocarpos natans]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Fásann an gaiméitifít haplóideach ó spóir agus táirgeann sí gaiméite.&lt;ref name = &quot;gaiméitifít&quot;&gt;gaiméitifít. (n.d.). Gaois Research Group. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology/fiat/619447&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Dandelion seed dispersal.jpg|thumb|left|110px|gaothscaipeadh síl]]
*'''gaothscaipeadh síl''' (''anemochory'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“gaothscaipeadh síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/gaothscaipeadh%20s%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é gaothscaipeadh síl scaipeadh síolta leis an ngaoth.&lt;ref name = &quot;Lewis, 2019&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--*'''gasach''' (''caulescent'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Planda a bhfuil gas dea-fhorbartha aige os cionn na talún. Frithchiallach: ''gearrghasach'' (gan gas soiléir).--&gt;
*'''gínéiciam''' (''gynoecium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“gínéiciam.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 6, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/g%C3%ADn%C3%A9iciam/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an gínéiciam an téarma comhchoiteann do orgáin atáirgthe baineanna an bhlátha, atá comhdhéanta de na cairpéil.&lt;ref&gt;Gynoecium, Carpel, Pistil. (2025, February 22). Master Gardeners Northern Virginia. Retrieved March 6, 2026, from https://mgnv.org/plants/glossary/gynoecium-carpel-pistil/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!--*'''ginmhill''' (''abort'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Forbairt struchtúir nó orgáin a thréigean.--&gt;

==H==
*'''heitreaspórach''' (''heterosporous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“heitreaspórach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/heitreasp%C3%B3rach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Táirgeann plandaí heitreaspóracha dhá chineál spóir.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''homaspórach''' (''homosporous'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Planda nach bhfuil ach spóir de chineál amháin aige.&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary British Pteridological Society&quot; /&gt;

==I==
*'''idirnód''' (''internode'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;internode&quot;&gt;“internode.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/internode/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br/&gt;Is éard atá in idirnód an chuid de ghas idir dhá nód.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''ilseipealach''' (''polysepalous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“ilseipealach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/ilseipealach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I cailís ilseipealach, bíonn na séipéil scartha.&lt;ref&gt;Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. &amp; Coates Palgrave, M. (2026). Flora of Caprivi: Glossary details: polysepalous. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.capriviflora.com/speciesdata/glossary-display.php?glossary_id=565&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''inspeirm''' (''endosperm'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“inspeirm.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/inspeirm/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Cocos nucifera00.jpg|thumb|right|100px|An inspeirm bán de shíol ''[[Cocos nucifera]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid den síol é an inspeirm agus cothaíonn sé an spóraifít óg.&lt;ref&gt;Endosperm. (2007, June 18). Lexikon Der Biologie. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.spektrum.de/lexikon/biologie/endosperm/21284&lt;/ref&gt;

==L==
[[File:Latex collection 04.jpg|thumb|left|upright|90px|Laitéis]]
*'''laitéis''' (''latex'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“laitéis.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/lait%C3%A9is/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is sú bán de roinnt plandaí é laitéis.&lt;ref name = &quot;vPlants&quot; /&gt;
*'''lann''' (''lamina'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“lann.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/lann/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an lann an chuid leacaithe de dhuilleog, scartha ón ngas agus ó bhonn an duilleoige.&lt;ref&gt;Botanical nerd word: lamina. (2018, September 25). Toronto Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://torontobotanicalgarden.ca/blog/word-of-the-week/botanical-nerd-word-lamina/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''lansach''' (''lanceolate'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“lansach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 21, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/lansach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Leaf morphology lanceolate.png|thumb|right|140px|Duilleog lansach ]]&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn duilleog lansach caol agus ubhchruthach. Bíonn an pointe is leithne inti thíos leis an lár.&lt;ref name = &quot;The Pea Key, 2007&quot;&gt;The Australian Pea-flowered Legume Research Group. (2007). Leaf or leaflet shape. The Pea Key: An Interactive Key for Australian Pea-flowered Legumes. Retrieved March 21, 2026, from https://www.anbg.gov.au/cpbr/cd-keys/peakey/key/The%20Pea%20Key/Media/Html/41_leaf_shape.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''leathadh na bhfréamhacha''' (''branching of roots'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“leathadh na bhfréamhacha.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/leathadh%20na%20bhfr%C3%A9amhacha/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá leathadh na bhfréamhacha tábhachtach do phlandaí chun iad féin a ancaireadh agus chun uisce, mianraí agus cothaithigh a fháil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Atkinson et al., 2014&quot;&gt;Atkinson, J. A., Rasmussen, A., Traini, R., Voß, U., Sturrock, C., Mooney, S. J., ... &amp; Bennett, M. J. (2014). [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4213086/pdf/538.pdf Branching out in roots: uncovering form, function, and regulation.] Plant Physiology, 166(2), 538-550.&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''leictitíopa''' (''lectotype'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“leictitíopa.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/leictit%C3%ADopa/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is sintíopa é leictitíopa a roghnaítear níos déanaí mar an eiseamláir an chineáil.&lt;ref name = &quot;McGrouther, 2020&quot;&gt;McGrouther, M. (2020). Types of types. The Australian Museum. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://australian.museum/learn/animals/fishes/types-of-types/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''liathghorm''' (''glaucous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;IDM &amp; Foras na Gaeilge. (n.d.). glaucous. Foclóirí Ár Linne. Retrieved March 3, 2026, from https://www.focloir.ie/en/dictionary/ei/glaucous&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Picea pungens4.jpg|thumb|right|90px|Duilleoga liathghorm na ''[[Picea pungens]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Déanann an focal liathghorm cur síos ar dhromchla céiriúil atá idir ghorm agus liath.&lt;ref&gt;Eckel, P. M. (2023). A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 3, 2026, from https://www.mobot.org/mobot/latindict/keyDetail.aspx?keyWord=glaucous&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''luathbhaineannach''' (''protogynous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“luathbhaineannach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/luathbhaineannach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn céim baineann ag bláth luathbhaineannach roimh a chéim fhireann ar leith.&lt;ref&gt;New York Botanical Garden. (n.d.). Protogyny (protogynous). French Guianan E-Flora Project. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/projects/fg/glossary-details/?irn=1302&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''luathfhireannach''' (''protandrous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“luathfhireannach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/luathfhireannach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn céim fhireann ag bláth luathfhireannach roimh a chéim baineann ar leith.&lt;ref&gt;New York Botanical Garden. (n.d.-a). Protandry (protandrous). French Guianan E-Flora Project. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/projects/fg/glossary-details/?irn=1300&lt;/ref&gt;

==M==
*'''máthairshíol''' (''seed parent'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“máthairshíol.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved July 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/m%C3%A1thairsh%C3%ADol/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; An máthairshíol a thugtar ar an phlanda a fhásann an síol.&lt;ref&gt;MacRobert, J., Setimela, P. S., Gethi, J., &amp; Regasa, M. W. (2014). [https://excellenceinbreeding.org/sites/default/files/manual/98078.pdf Maize hybrid seed production manual.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260730221946/https://excellenceinbreeding.org/sites/default/files/manual/98078.pdf |date=2026-07-30 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''meigeagaiméitifít''' (''megagametophyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“meigeagaiméitifít.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/meigeagaim%C3%A9itif%C3%ADt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Cruthaítear an meigeagaiméitifít le fás na meigeaspóir. Gineann an meigeagaiméitifít gaiméit baineann an phlanda heitreaspórach.&lt;ref&gt;Government of South Australia. (2025, July 7). megagametophyte. Flora of South Australia. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://flora.sa.gov.au/glossary/megagametophyte&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''meigeaspór''' (''megaspore'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“meigeaspór.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/meigeasp%C3%B3r/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I bplandaí heitreaspóracha, is é an meigeaspór an cineál mór spóir. Fásann sé ina gaiméitifít baineann.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''meiteaxiléim''' (''metaxylem'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid den xiléim phríomhúil é an meiteaxiléim, ar céim luath í i bhforbairt an xiléim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;
*'''micreagaiméitifít''' (''microgametophyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“micreagaiméitifít.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 21, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/micreagaim%C3%A9itif%C3%ADt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Fásann an micreagaiméitifít ón micreaspór agus táirgeann sé na gaiméite fireann de phlanda heitreaspórach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''micreaspór''' (''microspore'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“micreaspór.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/micreasp%C3%B3r/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I bplandaí heitreaspóracha, is é an micreaspór an cineál beag spóir. Fásann sé ina gaiméitifít fhireann.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''micripíl''' (''micropyle'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“micripíl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/micrip%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cainéal beag é an micripíl a thrasnaíonn ionar ubhúlach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--*'''micreastrobalas''' (microstrobilus as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;https://www.tearma.ie/q/micro-/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://super.tearma.ie/q/strobilus/&lt;/ref&gt; An ceann is lú de dhá chineál bhuaircíní nó strobalas a tháirgeann gimnispeirmeacha, an ceann fireann é agus táirgeann sé an phailin.--&gt;

==N==
[[File:E mammillaris ies.jpg|thumb|left|70px|neachtar]]
*'''neachtar''' (''nectar'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;neachtar&quot;&gt;“neachtar.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/neachtar/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is leacht milis é neachtar a scaoileann faireog mheala na bláthanna mar luach saothair tarraingteach d'ainmhithe pailniúcháin.&lt;ref name = &quot;Betterbee&quot; /&gt;
*'''nideog éiceolaíoch''' (''ecological niche'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“nideog éiceolaíoch.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/nideog%20%C3%A9iceola%C3%ADoch/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard is nideog éiceolaíoch ann ná iomlán na gcaidreamh idir speiceas agus a comhshaol.&lt;ref name = &quot;Folkmann, 2019&quot;&gt;Folkmann, M. (2019). [https://grabbe-gymnasium.de/spr/biologie/AB%20Glossar%20Oekologie.pdf Glossar zur Ökologie.] Detmold; Christian-Dietrich-Grabbe-Gymnasium.&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''nód''' (''node'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“nód.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/n%C3%B3d/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é nód an pointe ar an gas as a bhfásann duilleoga nó craobhacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Devlin, 2026&quot; /&gt;
*'''nóidín fréimhe''' (''root nodule'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;nóidín&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Foirmítear nóidín fréimhe nuair a choilíniúnaíonn baictéir fosaithe nítrigine na fréamhacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;

==O==
*'''olasóm''' (''elaiosome'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“olasóm.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/olas%C3%B3m/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Afzelia africana1.jpg|thumb|right|140px|Síolta ''[[Afzelia africana]]'' a bhfuil olasóm oráiste orthu]]&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid chothaitheach de shíol é olasóm a mheallann ainmhithe cosúil le seangáin. Cuidíonn sé le scaipeadh síolta.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''onn-aiseach''' (''adaxial'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“onn-aiseach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved July 28, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/onn-aiseach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá dromchlaí onn-aiseach os comhair ais an struchtúir a bhfuil sé ceangailte leis.&lt;ref name = &quot;vPlants&quot; /&gt;

==P==
&lt;!--* '''peitínáit'''  (''petiolate'' as Béarla) aidiacht ina ndéantar cur síos ar dhuilleoga nó ar struchtúir bhitheolaíocha a bhfuil gas (peitín) orthu, agus iad ceangailte go díreach le gas nó brainse. &lt;ref&gt;https://www.tearma.ie/q/petiolate/ ??&lt;/ref&gt;--&gt;
*'''piorrachruthach''' (''pyriform'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;piorrachruthach&quot;&gt;“piorrachruthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/piorrachruthach/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Ficus pyriformis.JPG|thumb|right|125px|Torthaí piorrachruthacha an ''[[Ficus pyriformis]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Aidiacht, i gcruth péire.&lt;ref name = &quot;piorrachruthach&quot; /&gt;
*'''prótaixiléim''' (''protoxylem'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid den xiléim phríomhúil é an prótaixiléim, ar céim luath í i bhforbairt an xiléim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;

==R==
[[File:Inflorescences Raceme Kwiatostan Grono.svg|thumb|left|upright|55px|raicéim]]
*'''raicéim''' (''raceme'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“raicéim.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/raic%C3%A9im/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é raicéim le hais neamhroinnte ar a bhfuil bláthanna gasógacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot; /&gt;

==S==
&lt;!--*'''scoitheadh''' (''abscission'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Scaoileadh nádúrtha orgáin atá aibí nó sean, amhail toradh aibí nó duilleog aosta.--&gt;
&lt;!--*'''snáthaidiúil''' (acicular as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Caol nó snáthaidchruthach.--&gt;
*'''samár''' (''samara'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“samár.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sam%C3%A1r/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is toradh neamhoscailteach aonsíolta le sciatháin é samár.&lt;ref name = &quot;Gray, 1875&quot; /&gt;{{rp|p=79}}
*'''siogót''' (''zygote'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“siogót.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/siog%C3%B3t/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard atá i siogót an chill dhioplóideach a eascraíonn as comhleá gaiméit.&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''síol''' (''seed'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;síl&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard atá i síol suth agus a struchtúir chosanta agus a struchtúir chothaitheacha atá in ann forbairt ina phlanda.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''síol inphéactha''' (''germinable seed'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;síl&quot;&gt;“síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/s%C3%ADl/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá síolta inphéactha in ann forbairt ina síológ.&lt;ref&gt;Keimfähigkeit. (n.d.). Bundesverband Deutscher Pflanzenzüchter. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.bdp-online.de/de/Pflanzenzuechtung/Glossar/terms/Keimfaehigkeit/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''síológ''' (''seedling'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“síológ.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/s%C3%ADol%C3%B3g/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is planda beag é síológ a fhásann ó shíol agus de ghnáth ní bhíonn ach a cotailéadóin agus cúpla duilleog leis.&lt;ref name = &quot;Seed sowing glossary&quot;&gt;Seed sowing glossary. (n.d.). Foundation for Arable Research. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.far.org.nz/schools/seed-sowing-glossary&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Arum creticum Marmaris White.jpg|thumb|left|120px|''[[Arum creticum]]'' le spáidín bán agus spáideog buí]]
*'''spáideog''' (''spadix'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“spáideog.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sp%C3%A1ideog/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é spáideog ina mbíonn bláthanna ag fás ar ais tiubh, feolmhar.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''spáidín''' (''spathe'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“spáidín.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sp%C3%A1id%C3%ADn/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is bracht mór é spáidín a thimpeallaíonn an spáideog.&lt;ref name = &quot;Sterry, 1997&quot;&gt;Sterry, P. (1997). [https://www.google.de/books/edition/Collins_Complete_British_Wildlife_Photog/H2oXAAAACAAJ?hl=en Collins Complete British Wildlife Photoguide.] Kiribati: HarperCollins.&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|p=356}}
*'''speiceas i mbaol criticiúil''' (''critically endangered species'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas i mbaol criticiúil&quot; /&gt;[[File:凹脈金花茶 Camellia impressinervis -香港公園 Hong Kong Park, Hong Kong- (39897970614).jpg|thumb|right|100px|Is speiceas i mbaol criticiúil é ''[[Camellia impressinervis]]''.&lt;ref&gt;Wheeler, L. &amp; Rivers, M.C. 2015. ''Camellia impressinervis''. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T62053740A62053758. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T62053740A62053758.en. Accessed on 01 March 2026.&lt;/ref&gt;]]&lt;br/&gt;Is speicis iad speicis atá i mbaol criticiúil díothaithe sa nádúr atá thar a bheith ard.&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas i mbaol criticiúil&quot;&gt;Fiontar &amp; Scoil na Gaeilge, DCU. (n.d.). “speiceas i mbaol criticiúil.” Grúpa Taighde Gaois. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology?Query=speiceas+i+mbaol+critici%C3%BAil&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''speiceas is lú imní''' (''least-concern species'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is tacsóin forleathana agus flúirseacha iad speiceas is lú imní.&lt;ref name = &quot;IUCN, 2012&quot;&gt;IUCN. (2012). [https://portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/documents/RL-2001-001-2nd.pdf IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition.] Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iv + 32pp.&lt;/ref&gt; Tá riosca níos ísle díothaithe ag na speicis seo.&lt;ref&gt;Frequently Asked Questions. (n.d.). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.iucnredlist.org/about/faqs#Why%20are%20LC%20species%20on%20the%20Red%20List&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''speiceas leochaileach''' (''vulnerable species'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas leochaileach&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá riosca ard díothaithe sa nádúr ag speiceas leochaileach.&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas leochaileach&quot;&gt;speiceas leochaileach. (n.d.). Gaois Research Group. Retrieved March 10, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology/fiat/635130&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''spor''' (''spur'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“spor.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/spor/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is síneadh feadánach log den coróinín é spor.&lt;ref name = &quot;Devlin, 2026&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Prunus AbscissionZone 1 (35974302350).jpg|thumb|right|120px|Sraith scoite ''[[Prunus]]'']]
*'''sraith scoite''' (''abscission layer'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“sraith scoite.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved August 31, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sraith%20scoite/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; Is sraith cealla í sraith scoite ina mbriseann orgán titimeach, mar shampla duilleog.&lt;ref&gt;Botanical Orchid Glossary: Glossary Term: Abscission layer. (n.d.). Orchids of New Guinea. Retrieved August 31, 2026, from https://www.orchidsnewguinea.com/orchid-glossary/define-term/Abscission+layer/&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Phyla cuneifolia runner.jpg|thumb|left|120px|''[[Phyla cuneifolia]]'' stólan]]
*'''stólan''' (''stolon'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“stólan.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/st%C3%B3lan/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Gas cothrománach is ea stólan a shníonn os cionn, ar nó faoi dhromchla na talún&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt; agus a fhásann planda nua.&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary British Pteridological Society&quot; /&gt;
*'''strobalas''' (''strobilus'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“strobalas.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/strobalas/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard is strobalas ann ná struchtúr cosúil le buaircín atá comhdhéanta de spóraifille atá iompaithe go dlúth ar an ais.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;

==T==
*'''teipeal''' (''tepal'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“teipeal.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 4, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/teipeal/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Úsáidtear an téarma teipal do chodanna an peirianta má tá cuma an-chosúil ar na peitil agus ar na seipil.&lt;ref&gt;Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. &amp; Coates Palgrave, M. (2026). Flora of Caprivi: Glossary details: tepal. https://www.capriviflora.com/speciesdata/glossary-display.php?glossary_id=768, retrieved 4 March 2026&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Tetradium daniellii (Benn.) T.G. Hartley.jpg|thumb|left|120px|Torthú bláthra ''[[Tetradium daniellii]]'']]
*'''torthú bláthra''' (''infructescence'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;bláthra&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an torthú bláthra an struchtúr ina dtaispeántar torthaí ar phlanda.&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary for Vascular Plants&quot;&gt;Glossary for Vascular Plants. (2018, November 19). New York Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/glossary/glossary-list/?ImagesOnly=yes&amp;LimitPerPage=75&amp;rownum=676&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''treoir neachtair''' (''nectar guide''  as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;neachtar&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is marcanna nó patrúin ar bhláthanna iad treoracha neachtair a threoraíonn feithidí chuig an neachtar.&lt;ref name = &quot;Betterbee&quot;&gt;Glossary of beekeeping Terms. (n.d.). Betterbee. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.betterbee.com/glossary/&lt;/ref&gt;

==U==
*'''uathpholaplóideach''' (''autopolyploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“uathpholaplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/uathpholapl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál planda polaplóideach é planda uathpholaplóideach a chruthaítear trí géanóm amháin a dhúbailt. I bplandaí uathpholaplóideacha, tagann na crómasóm go léir ón speiceas céanna.&lt;ref&gt;Lefers, M. &amp; Holmgren Lab. (2004). autopolyploid. Hedgehog Signaling Glossary. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://groups.molbiosci.northwestern.edu/holmgren/Glossary/Definitions/Def-A/autopolyploid.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''ubhagán uachtarach''' (''superior ovary'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“ubhagán uachtarach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/ubhag%C3%A1n%20uachtarach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá ubhagán uachtarach suite os cionn an phointe ina bhfuil na seipil, na peitil agus na staimín ceangailte.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Trapa japonica floating seed in Yokotake, Kanzaki.jpg|thumb|left|100px|uiscescaipeadh síl]]
*'''uiscescaipeadh síl''' (''hydrochory'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“uiscescaipeadh síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/uiscescaipeadh%20s%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é uiscescaipeadh síl scaipeadh síolta trí uisce.&lt;ref name = &quot;Lewis, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''umbal''' (''umbel'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;umbal&quot;&gt;“umbal.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/umbal/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;{{Il-íomhánna
 | align = right
 | direction = horizontal
 | total_width = 180
 | header = 
 | image1 = Inflorescences Umbel Kwiatostan Baldach.svg
 | alt1 = 
 | caption1 = umbal
 | image2 = Inflorescences Umbel Kwiatostan BaldachZłożony.svg
 | alt2 = 
 | caption2 = umbal comhshuite
}}&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra craobhach é umbal. Bíonn bláthanna sa bláthra ina bhfuil na gasóga go léir ar an fhad céanna agus ag teacht ó phointe amháin.&lt;ref name = &quot;Nelson, 2012&quot;&gt;Nelson, R. C. (2012). The Description of Flowers. University of Rochester. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.cs.rochester.edu/u/nelson/wildflowers/glossaries/flowers/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''umbal comhshuite''' (''compound umbel'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;umbal&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é umbal comhshuite ina n-eascraíonn roinnt umbal as aon phointe amháin.&lt;ref&gt;Inflorescences 15-Compound umbel. (n.d.). University of Illinois. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.life.illinois.edu/help/digitalflowers/Inflorescences/15.htm&lt;/ref&gt;

==X==
[[File:Decussate (PSF).png|thumb|left|100px|x-chruthach]]
*'''xantaifill''' (''xanthophyll'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“xantaifill.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/xantaifill/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is grúpa líocha caraitéanóideacha oráiste é xantaifill. Cosúil le caraitéin, cuidíonn xantaifill le fótaisintéis.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''x-chruthach''' (''decussate'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“x-chruthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/x-chruthach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Ciallaíonn suíomh x-chruthach duilleoga go bhfuil péirí duilleoga socraithe ag uillinn 90° le péirí duilleoga cóngaracha thuas agus thíos. Tá na péirí trasnaithe i bhfoirm X.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''xéirifíteach''' (''xerophytic'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“xéirifíteach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/x%C3%A9irif%C3%ADteach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Echinocactus grusonii flora cologne.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Is plandaí xéirifíteacha iad na cachtais.&lt;ref name = &quot;Duke University&quot;&gt;Xerophytes “Cactus-Like” collection. (n.d.). Duke University. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://liveplantcollections.biology.duke.edu/featured-collections/xeric&lt;/ref&gt;]]&lt;/br&gt;Tá plandaí xéirifíteacha oiriúnaithe do aeráid nó do ghnáthóg thirim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''xiléim''' (''xylem'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;xiléim&quot;&gt;“xiléim.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/xil%C3%A9im/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is fíochán lignithe é an xiléim atá freagrach as iompar uisce i bplandaí.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot;&gt;University of Florida, University of Kentucky, &amp; Texas A&amp;M University. (n.d.). Xylem. PropG. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://propg.ifas.ufl.edu/01-biology/02-cell-types/12-celltypes-xylem.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''xiléim phríomhúil''' (''primary xylem'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;xiléim&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is céim luath forbartha í an xiléim phríomhúil agus tá sé déanta as prótaixiléim agus meiteaxiléim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;
*'''xiléim thánaisteach''' (''secondary xylem'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;xiléim&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Déantar an xiléim thánaisteach ón sraith chaimbiam. Tá sé freagrach as forbairt leataobhach agus fás adhmad.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;

==Z==
[[File:Goral Girardinia diversifolia AJTJ.jpg|thumb|left|120px|zóscaipeadh síl]]
*'''zóscaipeadh síl''' (''zoochory'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“zóscaipeadh síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/z%C3%B3scaipeadh%20s%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é zóscaipeadh síl scaipeadh síolta ag ainmhithe.&lt;ref name = &quot;Lewis, 2019&quot;&gt;Lewis, A. (2019, August 23). Seed dispersal: 5 ways trees spread seeds. Woodland Trust. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.woodlandtrust.org.uk/blog/2019/08/seed-dispersal/&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tagairtí==
&lt;references&gt;
&lt;!-- Especially useful sources for definitions can be collected down here: --&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary British Pteridological Society&quot;&gt;Glossary. (n.d.). British Pteridological Society. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://britishfernsociety.org.uk/Glossary/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Gray, 1875&quot;&gt;Gray,  Asa. (1875). [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/56536335 Botany for young people and common subjects : how plants grow : a simple introduction to structural botany : with popular flora, or an arrangement and description of common plants, both wild and cultivated : illustrated by 500 wood engravings.] Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot;&gt;Government of South Australia. (n.d.). Flora of Australia Glossary. Flora of South Australia. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://flora.sa.gov.au/glossary/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot;&gt;The Rwanda flora team. (2026). Flora of Rwanda: Glossary. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.rwandaflora.com/speciesdata/glossary.php&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot;&gt;Jessop, J.P., Toelken, H.R. &amp; Kellermann, J. (2011). [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344409776_Glossary_of_botanical_terms_version_1 Glossary of botanical terms (version 1).] In: Kellermann, J. (ed.), Flora of South Australia (ed. 5). 24 pp. (State Herbarium of South Australia: Adelaide). www.flora.sa.gov.au/ed5&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot;&gt;UCMP Glossary: Botany. (2009). University of California Museum of Paleontology. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/gloss8botany.html&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;vPlants&quot;&gt;Plant Glossary. (n.d.). vPlants: A Virtual Herbarium of the Chicago Region. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://vplants.org/portal/plants/glossary/index.php&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Bobrov &amp; Romanov, 2019&quot;&gt;&lt;!-- Definitions of fruit terminology --&gt;Bobrov, A. V. C., &amp; Romanov, M. S. (2019). [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23818107.2019.1663448 Morphogenesis of fruits and types of fruit of angiosperms.] Botany letters, 166(3), 366-399.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot;&gt;Hodgkiss, R. J. (2019). Glossary of Botanical Terms. The Succulent Plant Page. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://succulent-plant.com/glossary/plantglossary.html&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Devlin, 2026&quot;&gt;Devlin, Z. (2026). Irish Wildflower Glossary. Wildflowers of Ireland. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.wildflowersofireland.net/glossary.php&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot;&gt;Huisman, J. M., &amp; Entwisle, T. J. (2022). Algae of Australia Glossary. Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.dcceew.gov.au/science-research/abrs/online-resources/glossaries/algae&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/references&gt;


{{síol}}</text>
      <sha1>ljl3mgrc526p25bgulrlrqnvjemldel</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1328811</id>
      <parentid>1328805</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T21:12:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Conan Wolff</username>
        <id>51812</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>aineoplóideach - aneuploid; eoplóideach - euploid; monasómacht - monosomy; trísómacht - trisomy</comment>
      <origin>1328811</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="51028" sha1="g7g7l0ojxlqplsacaiot8d6f8mknreb" xml:space="preserve">{{Teimpléad:Athbhreithniú}}
Míníonn an foclóir téarmaí luibheolaíochta seo téarmaí luibheolaíochta.

==A==
*'''achtanamorfach''' (''actinomorphic'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“achtanamorfach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/achtanamorfach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Fragaria vesca2.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Bláth achtanamorfach de ''[[Fragaria vesca]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn bláthanna aictiomorfacha ga-shiméadrach.&lt;ref&gt;Eckel, P. M. (n.d.). A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.mobot.org/mobot/latindict/keyDetail.aspx?keyWord=actinomorphic&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!--*'''acraifil''' (''acrophyll'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Duilleoga rialta de phlanda aibí, a tháirgtear os cionn an bhoinn, murab ionann is an bhasaifil.--&gt;
*'''aicéin''' (''achene'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“aicéin.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/aic%C3%A9in/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is toradh tirim, neamhoscailte, aon-shíolach é aicéin. Níl an síol ceangailte de bhalla an toraidh ach ag pointe amháin. Fásann an toradh ó ubhagán uachtarach aon-sheoimrín.&lt;ref name = &quot;FTG Fruit type Glossary&quot;&gt;Glossary Fruit type. (2007). Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Virtual Herbarium (FTG). Retrieved April 18, 2026, from http://www.virtualherbarium.org/glossary/glossary.php?cid=65&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''aindréiciam''' (''androecium''  as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“aindréiciam.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 7, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/aindr%C3%A9iciam/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an aindréiciam an téarma comhchoiteann do na horgáin atáirgthe fireanna sa bhláth, atá comhdhéanta de na staimín.&lt;ref&gt;Androecium, stamen, staminate, staminode. (2026, February 23). Master Gardeners of Northern Virginia. Retrieved March 7, 2026, from https://mgnv.org/plants/glossary/androecium-stamen-staminate/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''aineoplóideach''' (''aneuploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“aineoplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/aineopl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is uimhir an chrómasóim mínormalach i ngéanóm é aineoplóideach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Reproductive Medicine Associates&quot;&gt;Leary, W. (2025, November 23). Aneuploidy in Embryos: Chromosomal Abnormalities in IVF. Reproductive Medicine Associates. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://rmanetwork.com/blog/aneuploidy-embryos-abnormalities-ivf/&lt;/ref&gt;
{{Il-íomhánna
 | align = left
 | direction = horizontal
 | total_width = 180
 | header = 
 | image1 = 2020 year. Herbarium. Alchemilla vulgaris. img-014.jpg
 | alt1 = 
 | caption1 = onn-aiseach
 | image2 = 2020 year. Herbarium. Alchemilla vulgaris. img-008.jpg
 | alt2 = 
 | caption2 = all-aiseach
}}
*'''all-aiseach''' (''abaxial'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“all-aiseach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/all-aiseach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Aidiacht, a bhfuil a treo urchomhaireach le treo na haise (= taobh íochtair).&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--*'''andragíneafór''' (''androgynophore'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Gas ar a bhfuil an t-aindréiciam agus an gínéiciam de bhláth os cionn leibhéal ionsáite an pheirianta.--&gt;
&lt;!--*'''andramoinéiciach''' (''andromonoecious'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Córas annamh pórúcháin plandaí é andramoinéiciach ina dtáirgeann planda aonair bláthanna fireanna agus déghnéasacha araon.--&gt;
&lt;!--*'''andrafór''' (''androphore'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;An gas nó an colún a thacaíonn leis na staimíní i mbláthanna áirithe.--&gt;
*'''angaispeirm''' (''angiosperm'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“angaispeirm.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/angaispeirm/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) cross-section - 20080613.png|thumb|right|120px|In angaispeirm, bíonn na ubhúlaigh faoi iamh i gcairpéil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Bedecktsamer&quot; /&gt;]]&lt;/br&gt;Is grúpa plandaí iad na angiospermaigh a bhfuil ubhúlach acu atá iata i gcairpéil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Bedecktsamer&quot;&gt;Bedecktsamer. (2007, June 18). Lexikon Der Biologie. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.spektrum.de/lexikon/biologie/bedecktsamer/7737&lt;/ref&gt;

==B==
*'''baictéar fosaithe nítrigine''' (''nitrogen-fixing bacterium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;fosú nítrigine&quot;&gt;“fosú nítrigine.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/fos%C3%BA%20n%C3%ADtrigine/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Úsáideann baictéar fosaithe nítrigine einsím chun nítrigin atmaisféarach ({{Chem2|N2|auto=1}}) a thiontú go amóinia ({{Chem2|NH3|auto=1}}).&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot;&gt;Wagner, S. C. (2011). Biological Nitrogen Fixation. Nature Education. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/biological-nitrogen-fixation-23570419/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''baictéar nóidín''' (''nodule bacterium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;nóidín&quot;&gt;“nóidín.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/n%C3%B3id%C3%ADn/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Déanann baictéir nóidín, amhail ''[[Rhizobium]]'' nó ''[[Bradyrhizobium]]'', coilíniú ar na fréamhacha agus cruthaíonn siad nóidíní. Maireann na baictéir sna nóidíní. Soláthraíonn na fosaitheoirí nítrigine seo nítrigin don phlanda.&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;
*'''barraimsitheach''' (''acropetal'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“barraimsitheach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/barraimsitheach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Ciallaíonn an téarma ''barraimsitheach'' go dtosaíonn rud ag fás nó ag forbairt ag an mbun agus go leanann sé aníos i dtreo an bharr.&lt;ref name = &quot;Tropical Forages Glossary&quot;&gt;Cook BG, Pengelly BC, Schultze-Kraft R, Taylor M, Burkart S, Cardoso Arango JA, González Guzmán JJ, Cox K, Jones C, Peters M. &amp; International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia and International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya. (2020). Glossary. Tropical Forages: An Interactive Selection Tool. 2nd and Revised Edn. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://tropicalforages.info/text/entities/glossary.htm&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''bláthra''' (''inflorescence'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;bláthra&quot;&gt;“bláthra.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/bl%C3%A1thra/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is grúpa bláthanna é bláthra.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''bleib''' (''bulb'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“bleib.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/bleib/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:White onion cross section.jpg|thumb|right|70px|bleib]]&lt;/br&gt;Is gas faoi thalamh modhnaithe é bleibe, atá timpeallaithe ag duilleoga modhnaithe.&lt;ref&gt;What is a bulb? (2020, March 17). Michigan State University Extension. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/what-is-a-bulb&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''bliantóg''' (''annual plant'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“bliantóg.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/bliant%C3%B3g/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bláthaíonn agus faigheann bliantóg bás i mbliain amháin.&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Sorbus aucuparia vaisiai, 2006-0823.jpg|thumb|left|120px|Bréagthorthaí ''[[Sorbus aucuparia]]'']]
*'''bréagthoradh''' (''accessory fruit'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“bréagthoradh.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 5, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/br%C3%A9agthoradh/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; Is cineál toraidh é bréagthoradh a fhorbraíonn ó struchtúir cairpéil agus eachtarcairpéil araon.&lt;ref name = &quot;Bobrov &amp; Romanov, 2019&quot; /&gt;

==C==
*'''cill''' (''cell'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;cell&quot;&gt;“cell.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/cell/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is í cill an t-aonad struchtúrach bunúsach d'orgánaigh.&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''cill stórais''' (''storage cell'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;cell&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;D’fhéadfadh go mbeadh cainníochtaí móra polaisiúicrídí, próitéiní, lipidí,&lt;ref name = &quot;Fasseas, 1980&quot;&gt;Fasseas, C. (1980). [https://theses.gla.ac.uk/72881/1/10647162.pdf Fine structural studies on differentiation and dedifferentiation in the higher plant.]] University of Glasgow (United Kingdom).&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|1}} nó uisce i gcill stórais.&lt;ref name = &quot;Mauseth, 1995&quot;&gt;Mauseth, J. D. (1995). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2996453 Collapsible water-storage cells in cacti.] Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 145-151.&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''clóraplast''' (''chloroplast'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;clóraplast&quot;&gt;clóraplast. (n.d.-b). Gaois Research Group. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology/fiat/620910&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is orgánaid cheallach plandaí é an [[clóraplast]] a dhéanann an [[fótaisintéis]].&lt;ref name = &quot;clóraplast&quot; /&gt;
{{Il-íomhánna
 | align = left
 | direction = horizontal
 | total_width = 180
 | header = 
 | image1 = Inflorescences Corymb Kwiatostan BaldachGrono.svg
 | alt1 = 
 | caption1 = coirím raicéimeach&lt;!-- racemose corymb --&gt;
 | image2 = Schirmrispe (inflorescence).svg
 | alt2 = 
 | caption2 = coirím címeach&lt;!-- cymose corymb --&gt;
}}
*'''coirím''' (''corymb'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“coirím.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/coir%C3%ADm/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é coirím ina dtosaíonn na craobhacha ó phointí difriúla, ach sroicheann siad an airde chéanna.&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot; /&gt;
*'''coirt''' (''bark'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“coirt.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/coirt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is í an choirt an ciseal seachtrach cosanta de fhréamhacha agus gais plandaí adhmadacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''colúinín''' (''columella'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“colúinín.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/col%C3%BAin%C3%ADn/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is colún beag fíocháin é colúinín atá i lár capsúl.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''comhsheipealach''' (''gamosepalous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“comhsheipealach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/comhsheipealach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I gcailís chomhsheipealach bíonn na seipil comhleáite.&lt;ref&gt;Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. &amp; Coates Palgrave, M. (n.d.). Flora of Mozambique: Glossary details: gamosepalous. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.mozambiqueflora.com/speciesdata/glossary-display.php?glossary_id=318&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''crann''' (''tree'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“crann.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/crann/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Tree Silhouette - geograph.org.uk - 2274631.jpg|thumb|right|70px|crann]]&lt;/br&gt;Is planda adhmadach é crann le gas príomhúil amháin agus craobhacha tánaisteacha.&lt;ref&gt;Shrubs and trees: What defines a tree or a shrub? (2020, March 27). Los Angeles County Arboretum and Botanic Garden. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://arboretum.org/visit/library/online-exhibits/treasures-of-the-rare-book-collection-plants-of-mediterranean-climate-areas/shrubs-and-trees/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''crann fíliginiteach''' (''phylogenetic tree'' as Béarla&lt;!-- citation needed {{cn}} --&gt;)[[Íomhá:Crann.png|thumb|right|90px|Crann fíliginiteach]]&lt;/br&gt;Léiríonn [[crann fíliginiteach]] na gaolta idir orgánaigh éagsúla.&lt;ref name = &quot;Georgia Tech&quot;&gt;Phylogenetic Trees. (n.d.). Georgia Tech Biological Sciences. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://organismalbio.biosci.gatech.edu/biodiversity/phylogenetic-trees/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''crannlann''' (''arboretum'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“crannlann.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/crannlann/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is bailiúchán crann agus toir é [[crannlann]].&lt;ref&gt;Forschungsstelle Realienkunde  Zentralinstitut für Kunstgeschichte. (n.d.). Arboretum. RDK Labor. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.rdklabor.de/wiki/Arboretum&lt;/ref&gt;

==D==
*'''dé-éiciach''' (''dioecious'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“dé-éiciach.” (n.d.). téarma.ie. https://www.tearma.ie/q/d%C3%A9-%C3%A9iciach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn daoine aonair fireanna agus baineanna ar leith ag plandaí dé-éiciach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''dioplóideach''' (''diploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“dioplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/diopl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá dhá cheann de na tacair bhunúsacha crómasóm ag plandaí dioplóideacha sa núicléas.&lt;ref name = &quot;NSW Flora Glossary&quot;&gt;National Herbarium of NSW,  Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney, Australia. (n.d.). New South Wales Flora Online: Glossary of Botanical Terms. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&amp;glossary=yes&amp;alpha=A&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Cuscuta campestris sl22.jpg|thumb|left|130px|Diúlán an seadán éigeanta ''[[Cuscuta campestris]]'']]
*'''diúlán''' (''haustorium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“diúlán.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/di%C3%BAl%C3%A1n/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is orgán é diúlán trína n-ionsúnn seadán substaintí ceimiceacha óna óstach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;

==E==
*'''éaghasach''' (''acaulescent'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“éaghasach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 10, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/%C3%A9aghasach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Carlina acaulis RF.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Is planda éaghasach é ''[[Carlina acaulis]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Is plandaí gan gas iad plandaí éaghasacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''eipifít''' (''epiphyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“eipifít.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/eipif%C3%ADt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is planda é eipifít a fhásann ar phlanda eile, ach ní seadán é.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''eiseamláir an chineáil''' (''type specimen'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“eiseamláir an chineáil.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/eiseaml%C3%A1ir%20an%20chine%C3%A1il/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Cyne baetorta, HT, L39275.jpg|thumb|right|100px|An eiseamláir an chineáil de ''[[Cyne baetorta]]'' Barlow]]&lt;/br&gt;Sainmhíníonn agus déanann an eiseamláir an chineáil ionadaíocht ar tacsón. Feidhmíonn sé mar thagairt fhisiciúil don tacsón.&lt;ref&gt;Ashworth, J. (2025, November 18). What is a type specimen? Natural History Museum, London. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/what-is-a-type-specimen.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''eoplóideach''' (''euploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“eoplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/eopl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is uimhir an chrómasóim normalach i ngéanóm é eoplóideach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Reproductive Medicine Associates&quot; /&gt;

==F==
*'''fad idirnódach''' (''internode distance'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;internode&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá an fad idirnódach athraitheach. Féadfaidh sé athrú bunaithe ar an solas gréine atá ar fáil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Rare Plant Atlas&quot;&gt;Glossary. (n.d.). Rare Plant Atlas. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.rareplantatlas.com/glossary&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''faireog mheala''' (''nectary'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“faireog mheala.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/faireog%20mheala/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is struchtúr faireogach é faireog mheala a scaoileann leacht siúcrach (neachtar). Is féidir leis a bheith ina struchtúr i mbláth (faireog mheala bláthach), nó in áit eile ar an bplanda (faireog mheala eachtar-bláthach).&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''fearsaidchruthach''' (''fusiform'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“fearsaidchruthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/fearsaidchruthach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Ciallaíonn fearsaidchruthach cruth fearsaid, níos tibhe sa lár agus ag barrchaolú ag an dá cheann.&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''fialamán''' (''velamen'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“fialamán.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/fialam%C3%A1n/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an fialamán clúdach tiubh spúinseach na bhfréamhacha.&lt;ref&gt;Botanical nerd word: velamen. (2021, February 8). Toronto Botanical Garden. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://torontobotanicalgarden.ca/blog/word-of-the-week/word-of-the-week-velamen/&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Semele androgyna k4.jpg|thumb|left|140px|''[[Semele androgyna]]'' filleaclaid le torthaí]]
*'''filleaclad''' (''phylloclade'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“filleaclad.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/filleaclad/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; Is gas fótaisintéiseach cosúil le duilleog é filleaclad.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''fosú nítrigine''' (''nitrogen fixation'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;fosú nítrigine&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é fosú nítrigine an próiseas ina ndéantar nítrigin atmaisféarach ({{Chem2|N2|auto=1}}) a thiontú go amóinia ({{Chem2|NH3|auto=1}}).&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;
*'''fréamh chrapthach''' (''contractile root'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“fréamh chrapthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/fr%C3%A9amh%20chrapthach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Úsáideann plandaí fréamhacha chrapthach chun iad féin a tharraingt anuas.&lt;ref&gt;University of Florida, University of Kentucky, &amp; Texas A&amp;M University. (2023). Contractile Roots. PropG. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://propg.ifas.ufl.edu/07-geophytes/02-othergeophytes/01-geophytes-contractileroots.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''fréamhnóidín''' (''root nodule'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;nóidín&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Foirmítear nóidín fréimhe nuair a choilíniúnaíonn baictéir fosaithe nítrigine na fréamhacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;

==G==
*'''gaiméitifít''' (''gametophyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;gaiméitifít&quot; /&gt;[[File:Ricciocarpos natans.jpg|thumb|right|105px|Gaiméitifít de ''[[Ricciocarpos natans]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Fásann an gaiméitifít haplóideach ó spóir agus táirgeann sí gaiméite.&lt;ref name = &quot;gaiméitifít&quot;&gt;gaiméitifít. (n.d.). Gaois Research Group. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology/fiat/619447&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Dandelion seed dispersal.jpg|thumb|left|110px|gaothscaipeadh síl]]
*'''gaothscaipeadh síl''' (''anemochory'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“gaothscaipeadh síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/gaothscaipeadh%20s%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é gaothscaipeadh síl scaipeadh síolta leis an ngaoth.&lt;ref name = &quot;Lewis, 2019&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--*'''gasach''' (''caulescent'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Planda a bhfuil gas dea-fhorbartha aige os cionn na talún. Frithchiallach: ''gearrghasach'' (gan gas soiléir).--&gt;
*'''gínéiciam''' (''gynoecium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“gínéiciam.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 6, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/g%C3%ADn%C3%A9iciam/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an gínéiciam an téarma comhchoiteann do orgáin atáirgthe baineanna an bhlátha, atá comhdhéanta de na cairpéil.&lt;ref&gt;Gynoecium, Carpel, Pistil. (2025, February 22). Master Gardeners Northern Virginia. Retrieved March 6, 2026, from https://mgnv.org/plants/glossary/gynoecium-carpel-pistil/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!--*'''ginmhill''' (''abort'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Forbairt struchtúir nó orgáin a thréigean.--&gt;

==H==
*'''heitreaspórach''' (''heterosporous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“heitreaspórach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/heitreasp%C3%B3rach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Táirgeann plandaí heitreaspóracha dhá chineál spóir.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''homaspórach''' (''homosporous'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Planda nach bhfuil ach spóir de chineál amháin aige.&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary British Pteridological Society&quot; /&gt;

==I==
*'''idirnód''' (''internode'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;internode&quot;&gt;“internode.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/internode/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br/&gt;Is éard atá in idirnód an chuid de ghas idir dhá nód.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''ilseipealach''' (''polysepalous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“ilseipealach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/ilseipealach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I cailís ilseipealach, bíonn na séipéil scartha.&lt;ref&gt;Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. &amp; Coates Palgrave, M. (2026). Flora of Caprivi: Glossary details: polysepalous. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.capriviflora.com/speciesdata/glossary-display.php?glossary_id=565&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''inspeirm''' (''endosperm'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“inspeirm.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/inspeirm/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Cocos nucifera00.jpg|thumb|right|100px|An inspeirm bán de shíol ''[[Cocos nucifera]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid den síol é an inspeirm agus cothaíonn sé an spóraifít óg.&lt;ref&gt;Endosperm. (2007, June 18). Lexikon Der Biologie. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.spektrum.de/lexikon/biologie/endosperm/21284&lt;/ref&gt;

==L==
[[File:Latex collection 04.jpg|thumb|left|upright|90px|Laitéis]]
*'''laitéis''' (''latex'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“laitéis.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/lait%C3%A9is/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is sú bán de roinnt plandaí é laitéis.&lt;ref name = &quot;vPlants&quot; /&gt;
*'''lann''' (''lamina'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“lann.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/lann/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an lann an chuid leacaithe de dhuilleog, scartha ón ngas agus ó bhonn an duilleoige.&lt;ref&gt;Botanical nerd word: lamina. (2018, September 25). Toronto Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://torontobotanicalgarden.ca/blog/word-of-the-week/botanical-nerd-word-lamina/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''lansach''' (''lanceolate'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“lansach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 21, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/lansach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Leaf morphology lanceolate.png|thumb|right|140px|Duilleog lansach ]]&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn duilleog lansach caol agus ubhchruthach. Bíonn an pointe is leithne inti thíos leis an lár.&lt;ref name = &quot;The Pea Key, 2007&quot;&gt;The Australian Pea-flowered Legume Research Group. (2007). Leaf or leaflet shape. The Pea Key: An Interactive Key for Australian Pea-flowered Legumes. Retrieved March 21, 2026, from https://www.anbg.gov.au/cpbr/cd-keys/peakey/key/The%20Pea%20Key/Media/Html/41_leaf_shape.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''leathadh na bhfréamhacha''' (''branching of roots'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“leathadh na bhfréamhacha.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/leathadh%20na%20bhfr%C3%A9amhacha/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá leathadh na bhfréamhacha tábhachtach do phlandaí chun iad féin a ancaireadh agus chun uisce, mianraí agus cothaithigh a fháil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Atkinson et al., 2014&quot;&gt;Atkinson, J. A., Rasmussen, A., Traini, R., Voß, U., Sturrock, C., Mooney, S. J., ... &amp; Bennett, M. J. (2014). [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4213086/pdf/538.pdf Branching out in roots: uncovering form, function, and regulation.] Plant Physiology, 166(2), 538-550.&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''leictitíopa''' (''lectotype'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“leictitíopa.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/leictit%C3%ADopa/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is sintíopa é leictitíopa a roghnaítear níos déanaí mar an eiseamláir an chineáil.&lt;ref name = &quot;McGrouther, 2020&quot;&gt;McGrouther, M. (2020). Types of types. The Australian Museum. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://australian.museum/learn/animals/fishes/types-of-types/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''liathghorm''' (''glaucous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;IDM &amp; Foras na Gaeilge. (n.d.). glaucous. Foclóirí Ár Linne. Retrieved March 3, 2026, from https://www.focloir.ie/en/dictionary/ei/glaucous&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Picea pungens4.jpg|thumb|right|90px|Duilleoga liathghorm na ''[[Picea pungens]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Déanann an focal liathghorm cur síos ar dhromchla céiriúil atá idir ghorm agus liath.&lt;ref&gt;Eckel, P. M. (2023). A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 3, 2026, from https://www.mobot.org/mobot/latindict/keyDetail.aspx?keyWord=glaucous&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''luathbhaineannach''' (''protogynous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“luathbhaineannach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/luathbhaineannach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn céim baineann ag bláth luathbhaineannach roimh a chéim fhireann ar leith.&lt;ref&gt;New York Botanical Garden. (n.d.). Protogyny (protogynous). French Guianan E-Flora Project. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/projects/fg/glossary-details/?irn=1302&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''luathfhireannach''' (''protandrous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“luathfhireannach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/luathfhireannach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn céim fhireann ag bláth luathfhireannach roimh a chéim baineann ar leith.&lt;ref&gt;New York Botanical Garden. (n.d.-a). Protandry (protandrous). French Guianan E-Flora Project. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/projects/fg/glossary-details/?irn=1300&lt;/ref&gt;

==M==
*'''máthairshíol''' (''seed parent'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“máthairshíol.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved July 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/m%C3%A1thairsh%C3%ADol/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; An máthairshíol a thugtar ar an phlanda a fhásann an síol.&lt;ref&gt;MacRobert, J., Setimela, P. S., Gethi, J., &amp; Regasa, M. W. (2014). [https://excellenceinbreeding.org/sites/default/files/manual/98078.pdf Maize hybrid seed production manual.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260730221946/https://excellenceinbreeding.org/sites/default/files/manual/98078.pdf |date=2026-07-30 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''meigeagaiméitifít''' (''megagametophyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“meigeagaiméitifít.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/meigeagaim%C3%A9itif%C3%ADt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Cruthaítear an meigeagaiméitifít le fás na meigeaspóir. Gineann an meigeagaiméitifít gaiméit baineann an phlanda heitreaspórach.&lt;ref&gt;Government of South Australia. (2025, July 7). megagametophyte. Flora of South Australia. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://flora.sa.gov.au/glossary/megagametophyte&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''meigeaspór''' (''megaspore'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“meigeaspór.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/meigeasp%C3%B3r/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I bplandaí heitreaspóracha, is é an meigeaspór an cineál mór spóir. Fásann sé ina gaiméitifít baineann.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''meiteaxiléim''' (''metaxylem'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid den xiléim phríomhúil é an meiteaxiléim, ar céim luath í i bhforbairt an xiléim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;
*'''micreagaiméitifít''' (''microgametophyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“micreagaiméitifít.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 21, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/micreagaim%C3%A9itif%C3%ADt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Fásann an micreagaiméitifít ón micreaspór agus táirgeann sé na gaiméite fireann de phlanda heitreaspórach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''micreaspór''' (''microspore'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“micreaspór.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/micreasp%C3%B3r/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I bplandaí heitreaspóracha, is é an micreaspór an cineál beag spóir. Fásann sé ina gaiméitifít fhireann.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''micripíl''' (''micropyle'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“micripíl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/micrip%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cainéal beag é an micripíl a thrasnaíonn ionar ubhúlach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--*'''micreastrobalas''' (microstrobilus as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;https://www.tearma.ie/q/micro-/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://super.tearma.ie/q/strobilus/&lt;/ref&gt; An ceann is lú de dhá chineál bhuaircíní nó strobalas a tháirgeann gimnispeirmeacha, an ceann fireann é agus táirgeann sé an phailin.--&gt;
*'''monasómacht''' (''monosomy'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“monasómacht.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/monas%C3%B3macht/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál aineoplóideacht í an monasómacht. Sainmhínítear í trí scriosadh crómasóm i géanóm.&lt;ref name = &quot;Reproductive Medicine Associates&quot; /&gt;

==N==
[[File:E mammillaris ies.jpg|thumb|left|70px|neachtar]]
*'''neachtar''' (''nectar'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;neachtar&quot;&gt;“neachtar.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/neachtar/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is leacht milis é neachtar a scaoileann faireog mheala na bláthanna mar luach saothair tarraingteach d'ainmhithe pailniúcháin.&lt;ref name = &quot;Betterbee&quot; /&gt;
*'''nideog éiceolaíoch''' (''ecological niche'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“nideog éiceolaíoch.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/nideog%20%C3%A9iceola%C3%ADoch/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard is nideog éiceolaíoch ann ná iomlán na gcaidreamh idir speiceas agus a comhshaol.&lt;ref name = &quot;Folkmann, 2019&quot;&gt;Folkmann, M. (2019). [https://grabbe-gymnasium.de/spr/biologie/AB%20Glossar%20Oekologie.pdf Glossar zur Ökologie.] Detmold; Christian-Dietrich-Grabbe-Gymnasium.&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''nód''' (''node'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“nód.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/n%C3%B3d/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é nód an pointe ar an gas as a bhfásann duilleoga nó craobhacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Devlin, 2026&quot; /&gt;
*'''nóidín fréimhe''' (''root nodule'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;nóidín&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Foirmítear nóidín fréimhe nuair a choilíniúnaíonn baictéir fosaithe nítrigine na fréamhacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;

==O==
*'''olasóm''' (''elaiosome'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“olasóm.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/olas%C3%B3m/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Afzelia africana1.jpg|thumb|right|140px|Síolta ''[[Afzelia africana]]'' a bhfuil olasóm oráiste orthu]]&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid chothaitheach de shíol é olasóm a mheallann ainmhithe cosúil le seangáin. Cuidíonn sé le scaipeadh síolta.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''onn-aiseach''' (''adaxial'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“onn-aiseach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved July 28, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/onn-aiseach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá dromchlaí onn-aiseach os comhair ais an struchtúir a bhfuil sé ceangailte leis.&lt;ref name = &quot;vPlants&quot; /&gt;

==P==
&lt;!--* '''peitínáit'''  (''petiolate'' as Béarla) aidiacht ina ndéantar cur síos ar dhuilleoga nó ar struchtúir bhitheolaíocha a bhfuil gas (peitín) orthu, agus iad ceangailte go díreach le gas nó brainse. &lt;ref&gt;https://www.tearma.ie/q/petiolate/ ??&lt;/ref&gt;--&gt;
*'''piorrachruthach''' (''pyriform'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;piorrachruthach&quot;&gt;“piorrachruthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/piorrachruthach/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Ficus pyriformis.JPG|thumb|right|125px|Torthaí piorrachruthacha an ''[[Ficus pyriformis]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Aidiacht, i gcruth péire.&lt;ref name = &quot;piorrachruthach&quot; /&gt;
*'''prótaixiléim''' (''protoxylem'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid den xiléim phríomhúil é an prótaixiléim, ar céim luath í i bhforbairt an xiléim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;

==R==
[[File:Inflorescences Raceme Kwiatostan Grono.svg|thumb|left|upright|55px|raicéim]]
*'''raicéim''' (''raceme'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“raicéim.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/raic%C3%A9im/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é raicéim le hais neamhroinnte ar a bhfuil bláthanna gasógacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot; /&gt;

==S==
&lt;!--*'''scoitheadh''' (''abscission'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Scaoileadh nádúrtha orgáin atá aibí nó sean, amhail toradh aibí nó duilleog aosta.--&gt;
&lt;!--*'''snáthaidiúil''' (acicular as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Caol nó snáthaidchruthach.--&gt;
*'''samár''' (''samara'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“samár.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sam%C3%A1r/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is toradh neamhoscailteach aonsíolta le sciatháin é samár.&lt;ref name = &quot;Gray, 1875&quot; /&gt;{{rp|p=79}}
*'''siogót''' (''zygote'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“siogót.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/siog%C3%B3t/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard atá i siogót an chill dhioplóideach a eascraíonn as comhleá gaiméit.&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''síol''' (''seed'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;síl&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard atá i síol suth agus a struchtúir chosanta agus a struchtúir chothaitheacha atá in ann forbairt ina phlanda.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''síol inphéactha''' (''germinable seed'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;síl&quot;&gt;“síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/s%C3%ADl/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá síolta inphéactha in ann forbairt ina síológ.&lt;ref&gt;Keimfähigkeit. (n.d.). Bundesverband Deutscher Pflanzenzüchter. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.bdp-online.de/de/Pflanzenzuechtung/Glossar/terms/Keimfaehigkeit/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''síológ''' (''seedling'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“síológ.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/s%C3%ADol%C3%B3g/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is planda beag é síológ a fhásann ó shíol agus de ghnáth ní bhíonn ach a cotailéadóin agus cúpla duilleog leis.&lt;ref name = &quot;Seed sowing glossary&quot;&gt;Seed sowing glossary. (n.d.). Foundation for Arable Research. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.far.org.nz/schools/seed-sowing-glossary&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Arum creticum Marmaris White.jpg|thumb|left|120px|''[[Arum creticum]]'' le spáidín bán agus spáideog buí]]
*'''spáideog''' (''spadix'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“spáideog.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sp%C3%A1ideog/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é spáideog ina mbíonn bláthanna ag fás ar ais tiubh, feolmhar.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''spáidín''' (''spathe'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“spáidín.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sp%C3%A1id%C3%ADn/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is bracht mór é spáidín a thimpeallaíonn an spáideog.&lt;ref name = &quot;Sterry, 1997&quot;&gt;Sterry, P. (1997). [https://www.google.de/books/edition/Collins_Complete_British_Wildlife_Photog/H2oXAAAACAAJ?hl=en Collins Complete British Wildlife Photoguide.] Kiribati: HarperCollins.&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|p=356}}
*'''speiceas i mbaol criticiúil''' (''critically endangered species'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas i mbaol criticiúil&quot; /&gt;[[File:凹脈金花茶 Camellia impressinervis -香港公園 Hong Kong Park, Hong Kong- (39897970614).jpg|thumb|right|100px|Is speiceas i mbaol criticiúil é ''[[Camellia impressinervis]]''.&lt;ref&gt;Wheeler, L. &amp; Rivers, M.C. 2015. ''Camellia impressinervis''. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T62053740A62053758. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T62053740A62053758.en. Accessed on 01 March 2026.&lt;/ref&gt;]]&lt;br/&gt;Is speicis iad speicis atá i mbaol criticiúil díothaithe sa nádúr atá thar a bheith ard.&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas i mbaol criticiúil&quot;&gt;Fiontar &amp; Scoil na Gaeilge, DCU. (n.d.). “speiceas i mbaol criticiúil.” Grúpa Taighde Gaois. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology?Query=speiceas+i+mbaol+critici%C3%BAil&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''speiceas is lú imní''' (''least-concern species'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is tacsóin forleathana agus flúirseacha iad speiceas is lú imní.&lt;ref name = &quot;IUCN, 2012&quot;&gt;IUCN. (2012). [https://portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/documents/RL-2001-001-2nd.pdf IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition.] Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iv + 32pp.&lt;/ref&gt; Tá riosca níos ísle díothaithe ag na speicis seo.&lt;ref&gt;Frequently Asked Questions. (n.d.). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.iucnredlist.org/about/faqs#Why%20are%20LC%20species%20on%20the%20Red%20List&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''speiceas leochaileach''' (''vulnerable species'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas leochaileach&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá riosca ard díothaithe sa nádúr ag speiceas leochaileach.&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas leochaileach&quot;&gt;speiceas leochaileach. (n.d.). Gaois Research Group. Retrieved March 10, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology/fiat/635130&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''spor''' (''spur'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“spor.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/spor/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is síneadh feadánach log den coróinín é spor.&lt;ref name = &quot;Devlin, 2026&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Prunus AbscissionZone 1 (35974302350).jpg|thumb|right|120px|Sraith scoite ''[[Prunus]]'']]
*'''sraith scoite''' (''abscission layer'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“sraith scoite.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved August 31, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sraith%20scoite/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; Is sraith cealla í sraith scoite ina mbriseann orgán titimeach, mar shampla duilleog.&lt;ref&gt;Botanical Orchid Glossary: Glossary Term: Abscission layer. (n.d.). Orchids of New Guinea. Retrieved August 31, 2026, from https://www.orchidsnewguinea.com/orchid-glossary/define-term/Abscission+layer/&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Phyla cuneifolia runner.jpg|thumb|left|120px|''[[Phyla cuneifolia]]'' stólan]]
*'''stólan''' (''stolon'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“stólan.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/st%C3%B3lan/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Gas cothrománach is ea stólan a shníonn os cionn, ar nó faoi dhromchla na talún&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt; agus a fhásann planda nua.&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary British Pteridological Society&quot; /&gt;
*'''strobalas''' (''strobilus'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“strobalas.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/strobalas/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard is strobalas ann ná struchtúr cosúil le buaircín atá comhdhéanta de spóraifille atá iompaithe go dlúth ar an ais.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;

==T==
*'''teipeal''' (''tepal'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“teipeal.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 4, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/teipeal/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Úsáidtear an téarma teipal do chodanna an peirianta má tá cuma an-chosúil ar na peitil agus ar na seipil.&lt;ref&gt;Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. &amp; Coates Palgrave, M. (2026). Flora of Caprivi: Glossary details: tepal. https://www.capriviflora.com/speciesdata/glossary-display.php?glossary_id=768, retrieved 4 March 2026&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Tetradium daniellii (Benn.) T.G. Hartley.jpg|thumb|left|120px|Torthú bláthra ''[[Tetradium daniellii]]'']]
*'''torthú bláthra''' (''infructescence'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;bláthra&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an torthú bláthra an struchtúr ina dtaispeántar torthaí ar phlanda.&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary for Vascular Plants&quot;&gt;Glossary for Vascular Plants. (2018, November 19). New York Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/glossary/glossary-list/?ImagesOnly=yes&amp;LimitPerPage=75&amp;rownum=676&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''treoir neachtair''' (''nectar guide'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;neachtar&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is marcanna nó patrúin ar bhláthanna iad treoracha neachtair a threoraíonn feithidí chuig an neachtar.&lt;ref name = &quot;Betterbee&quot;&gt;Glossary of beekeeping Terms. (n.d.). Betterbee. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.betterbee.com/glossary/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''trísómacht''' (''trisomy'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“trísómacht.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/tr%C3%ADs%C3%B3macht/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál aineoplóideacht í an trísómacht. Sainmhínítear í mar cóip breise crómasóm i géanóm.&lt;ref name = &quot;Reproductive Medicine Associates&quot; /&gt;

==U==
*'''uathpholaplóideach''' (''autopolyploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“uathpholaplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/uathpholapl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál planda polaplóideach é planda uathpholaplóideach a chruthaítear trí géanóm amháin a dhúbailt. I bplandaí uathpholaplóideacha, tagann na crómasóm go léir ón speiceas céanna.&lt;ref&gt;Lefers, M. &amp; Holmgren Lab. (2004). autopolyploid. Hedgehog Signaling Glossary. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://groups.molbiosci.northwestern.edu/holmgren/Glossary/Definitions/Def-A/autopolyploid.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''ubhagán uachtarach''' (''superior ovary'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“ubhagán uachtarach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/ubhag%C3%A1n%20uachtarach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá ubhagán uachtarach suite os cionn an phointe ina bhfuil na seipil, na peitil agus na staimín ceangailte.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Trapa japonica floating seed in Yokotake, Kanzaki.jpg|thumb|left|100px|uiscescaipeadh síl]]
*'''uiscescaipeadh síl''' (''hydrochory'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“uiscescaipeadh síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/uiscescaipeadh%20s%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é uiscescaipeadh síl scaipeadh síolta trí uisce.&lt;ref name = &quot;Lewis, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''umbal''' (''umbel'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;umbal&quot;&gt;“umbal.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/umbal/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;{{Il-íomhánna
 | align = right
 | direction = horizontal
 | total_width = 180
 | header = 
 | image1 = Inflorescences Umbel Kwiatostan Baldach.svg
 | alt1 = 
 | caption1 = umbal
 | image2 = Inflorescences Umbel Kwiatostan BaldachZłożony.svg
 | alt2 = 
 | caption2 = umbal comhshuite
}}&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra craobhach é umbal. Bíonn bláthanna sa bláthra ina bhfuil na gasóga go léir ar an fhad céanna agus ag teacht ó phointe amháin.&lt;ref name = &quot;Nelson, 2012&quot;&gt;Nelson, R. C. (2012). The Description of Flowers. University of Rochester. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.cs.rochester.edu/u/nelson/wildflowers/glossaries/flowers/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''umbal comhshuite''' (''compound umbel'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;umbal&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é umbal comhshuite ina n-eascraíonn roinnt umbal as aon phointe amháin.&lt;ref&gt;Inflorescences 15-Compound umbel. (n.d.). University of Illinois. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.life.illinois.edu/help/digitalflowers/Inflorescences/15.htm&lt;/ref&gt;

==X==
[[File:Decussate (PSF).png|thumb|left|100px|x-chruthach]]
*'''xantaifill''' (''xanthophyll'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“xantaifill.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/xantaifill/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is grúpa líocha caraitéanóideacha oráiste é xantaifill. Cosúil le caraitéin, cuidíonn xantaifill le fótaisintéis.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''x-chruthach''' (''decussate'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“x-chruthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/x-chruthach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Ciallaíonn suíomh x-chruthach duilleoga go bhfuil péirí duilleoga socraithe ag uillinn 90° le péirí duilleoga cóngaracha thuas agus thíos. Tá na péirí trasnaithe i bhfoirm X.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''xéirifíteach''' (''xerophytic'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“xéirifíteach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/x%C3%A9irif%C3%ADteach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Echinocactus grusonii flora cologne.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Is plandaí xéirifíteacha iad na cachtais.&lt;ref name = &quot;Duke University&quot;&gt;Xerophytes “Cactus-Like” collection. (n.d.). Duke University. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://liveplantcollections.biology.duke.edu/featured-collections/xeric&lt;/ref&gt;]]&lt;/br&gt;Tá plandaí xéirifíteacha oiriúnaithe do aeráid nó do ghnáthóg thirim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''xiléim''' (''xylem'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;xiléim&quot;&gt;“xiléim.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/xil%C3%A9im/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is fíochán lignithe é an xiléim atá freagrach as iompar uisce i bplandaí.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot;&gt;University of Florida, University of Kentucky, &amp; Texas A&amp;M University. (n.d.). Xylem. PropG. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://propg.ifas.ufl.edu/01-biology/02-cell-types/12-celltypes-xylem.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''xiléim phríomhúil''' (''primary xylem'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;xiléim&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is céim luath forbartha í an xiléim phríomhúil agus tá sé déanta as prótaixiléim agus meiteaxiléim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;
*'''xiléim thánaisteach''' (''secondary xylem'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;xiléim&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Déantar an xiléim thánaisteach ón sraith chaimbiam. Tá sé freagrach as forbairt leataobhach agus fás adhmad.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;

==Z==
[[File:Goral Girardinia diversifolia AJTJ.jpg|thumb|left|120px|zóscaipeadh síl]]
*'''zóscaipeadh síl''' (''zoochory'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“zóscaipeadh síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/z%C3%B3scaipeadh%20s%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é zóscaipeadh síl scaipeadh síolta ag ainmhithe.&lt;ref name = &quot;Lewis, 2019&quot;&gt;Lewis, A. (2019, August 23). Seed dispersal: 5 ways trees spread seeds. Woodland Trust. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.woodlandtrust.org.uk/blog/2019/08/seed-dispersal/&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tagairtí==
&lt;references&gt;
&lt;!-- Especially useful sources for definitions can be collected down here: --&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary British Pteridological Society&quot;&gt;Glossary. (n.d.). British Pteridological Society. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://britishfernsociety.org.uk/Glossary/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Gray, 1875&quot;&gt;Gray,  Asa. (1875). [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/56536335 Botany for young people and common subjects : how plants grow : a simple introduction to structural botany : with popular flora, or an arrangement and description of common plants, both wild and cultivated : illustrated by 500 wood engravings.] Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot;&gt;Government of South Australia. (n.d.). Flora of Australia Glossary. Flora of South Australia. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://flora.sa.gov.au/glossary/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot;&gt;The Rwanda flora team. (2026). Flora of Rwanda: Glossary. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.rwandaflora.com/speciesdata/glossary.php&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot;&gt;Jessop, J.P., Toelken, H.R. &amp; Kellermann, J. (2011). [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344409776_Glossary_of_botanical_terms_version_1 Glossary of botanical terms (version 1).] In: Kellermann, J. (ed.), Flora of South Australia (ed. 5). 24 pp. (State Herbarium of South Australia: Adelaide). www.flora.sa.gov.au/ed5&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot;&gt;UCMP Glossary: Botany. (2009). University of California Museum of Paleontology. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/gloss8botany.html&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;vPlants&quot;&gt;Plant Glossary. (n.d.). vPlants: A Virtual Herbarium of the Chicago Region. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://vplants.org/portal/plants/glossary/index.php&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Bobrov &amp; Romanov, 2019&quot;&gt;&lt;!-- Definitions of fruit terminology --&gt;Bobrov, A. V. C., &amp; Romanov, M. S. (2019). [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23818107.2019.1663448 Morphogenesis of fruits and types of fruit of angiosperms.] Botany letters, 166(3), 366-399.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot;&gt;Hodgkiss, R. J. (2019). Glossary of Botanical Terms. The Succulent Plant Page. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://succulent-plant.com/glossary/plantglossary.html&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Devlin, 2026&quot;&gt;Devlin, Z. (2026). Irish Wildflower Glossary. Wildflowers of Ireland. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.wildflowersofireland.net/glossary.php&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot;&gt;Huisman, J. M., &amp; Entwisle, T. J. (2022). Algae of Australia Glossary. Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.dcceew.gov.au/science-research/abrs/online-resources/glossaries/algae&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/references&gt;


{{síol}}</text>
      <sha1>g7g7l0ojxlqplsacaiot8d6f8mknreb</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1328812</id>
      <parentid>1328811</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T21:38:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Conan Wolff</username>
        <id>51812</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>haplóideach - haploid; teitreaplóideach - tetraploid; trioplóideach - triploid</comment>
      <origin>1328812</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="52046" sha1="gbitwvpjobg8q9v05feaof5vvi307kv" xml:space="preserve">{{Teimpléad:Athbhreithniú}}
Míníonn an foclóir téarmaí luibheolaíochta seo téarmaí luibheolaíochta.

==A==
*'''achtanamorfach''' (''actinomorphic'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“achtanamorfach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/achtanamorfach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Fragaria vesca2.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Bláth achtanamorfach de ''[[Fragaria vesca]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn bláthanna aictiomorfacha ga-shiméadrach.&lt;ref&gt;Eckel, P. M. (n.d.). A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.mobot.org/mobot/latindict/keyDetail.aspx?keyWord=actinomorphic&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!--*'''acraifil''' (''acrophyll'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Duilleoga rialta de phlanda aibí, a tháirgtear os cionn an bhoinn, murab ionann is an bhasaifil.--&gt;
*'''aicéin''' (''achene'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“aicéin.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/aic%C3%A9in/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is toradh tirim, neamhoscailte, aon-shíolach é aicéin. Níl an síol ceangailte de bhalla an toraidh ach ag pointe amháin. Fásann an toradh ó ubhagán uachtarach aon-sheoimrín.&lt;ref name = &quot;FTG Fruit type Glossary&quot;&gt;Glossary Fruit type. (2007). Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Virtual Herbarium (FTG). Retrieved April 18, 2026, from http://www.virtualherbarium.org/glossary/glossary.php?cid=65&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''aindréiciam''' (''androecium''  as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“aindréiciam.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 7, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/aindr%C3%A9iciam/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an aindréiciam an téarma comhchoiteann do na horgáin atáirgthe fireanna sa bhláth, atá comhdhéanta de na staimín.&lt;ref&gt;Androecium, stamen, staminate, staminode. (2026, February 23). Master Gardeners of Northern Virginia. Retrieved March 7, 2026, from https://mgnv.org/plants/glossary/androecium-stamen-staminate/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''aineoplóideach''' (''aneuploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“aineoplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/aineopl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is uimhir an chrómasóim mínormalach i ngéanóm é aineoplóideach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Reproductive Medicine Associates&quot;&gt;Leary, W. (2025, November 23). Aneuploidy in Embryos: Chromosomal Abnormalities in IVF. Reproductive Medicine Associates. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://rmanetwork.com/blog/aneuploidy-embryos-abnormalities-ivf/&lt;/ref&gt;
{{Il-íomhánna
 | align = left
 | direction = horizontal
 | total_width = 180
 | header = 
 | image1 = 2020 year. Herbarium. Alchemilla vulgaris. img-014.jpg
 | alt1 = 
 | caption1 = onn-aiseach
 | image2 = 2020 year. Herbarium. Alchemilla vulgaris. img-008.jpg
 | alt2 = 
 | caption2 = all-aiseach
}}
*'''all-aiseach''' (''abaxial'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“all-aiseach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/all-aiseach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Aidiacht, a bhfuil a treo urchomhaireach le treo na haise (= taobh íochtair).&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--*'''andragíneafór''' (''androgynophore'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Gas ar a bhfuil an t-aindréiciam agus an gínéiciam de bhláth os cionn leibhéal ionsáite an pheirianta.--&gt;
&lt;!--*'''andramoinéiciach''' (''andromonoecious'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Córas annamh pórúcháin plandaí é andramoinéiciach ina dtáirgeann planda aonair bláthanna fireanna agus déghnéasacha araon.--&gt;
&lt;!--*'''andrafór''' (''androphore'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;An gas nó an colún a thacaíonn leis na staimíní i mbláthanna áirithe.--&gt;
*'''angaispeirm''' (''angiosperm'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“angaispeirm.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/angaispeirm/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) cross-section - 20080613.png|thumb|right|120px|In angaispeirm, bíonn na ubhúlaigh faoi iamh i gcairpéil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Bedecktsamer&quot; /&gt;]]&lt;/br&gt;Is grúpa plandaí iad na angiospermaigh a bhfuil ubhúlach acu atá iata i gcairpéil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Bedecktsamer&quot;&gt;Bedecktsamer. (2007, June 18). Lexikon Der Biologie. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.spektrum.de/lexikon/biologie/bedecktsamer/7737&lt;/ref&gt;

==B==
*'''baictéar fosaithe nítrigine''' (''nitrogen-fixing bacterium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;fosú nítrigine&quot;&gt;“fosú nítrigine.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/fos%C3%BA%20n%C3%ADtrigine/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Úsáideann baictéar fosaithe nítrigine einsím chun nítrigin atmaisféarach ({{Chem2|N2|auto=1}}) a thiontú go amóinia ({{Chem2|NH3|auto=1}}).&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot;&gt;Wagner, S. C. (2011). Biological Nitrogen Fixation. Nature Education. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/biological-nitrogen-fixation-23570419/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''baictéar nóidín''' (''nodule bacterium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;nóidín&quot;&gt;“nóidín.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/n%C3%B3id%C3%ADn/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Déanann baictéir nóidín, amhail ''[[Rhizobium]]'' nó ''[[Bradyrhizobium]]'', coilíniú ar na fréamhacha agus cruthaíonn siad nóidíní. Maireann na baictéir sna nóidíní. Soláthraíonn na fosaitheoirí nítrigine seo nítrigin don phlanda.&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;
*'''barraimsitheach''' (''acropetal'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“barraimsitheach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/barraimsitheach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Ciallaíonn an téarma ''barraimsitheach'' go dtosaíonn rud ag fás nó ag forbairt ag an mbun agus go leanann sé aníos i dtreo an bharr.&lt;ref name = &quot;Tropical Forages Glossary&quot;&gt;Cook BG, Pengelly BC, Schultze-Kraft R, Taylor M, Burkart S, Cardoso Arango JA, González Guzmán JJ, Cox K, Jones C, Peters M. &amp; International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia and International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya. (2020). Glossary. Tropical Forages: An Interactive Selection Tool. 2nd and Revised Edn. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://tropicalforages.info/text/entities/glossary.htm&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''bláthra''' (''inflorescence'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;bláthra&quot;&gt;“bláthra.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/bl%C3%A1thra/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is grúpa bláthanna é bláthra.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''bleib''' (''bulb'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“bleib.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/bleib/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:White onion cross section.jpg|thumb|right|70px|bleib]]&lt;/br&gt;Is gas faoi thalamh modhnaithe é bleibe, atá timpeallaithe ag duilleoga modhnaithe.&lt;ref&gt;What is a bulb? (2020, March 17). Michigan State University Extension. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/what-is-a-bulb&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''bliantóg''' (''annual plant'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“bliantóg.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/bliant%C3%B3g/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bláthaíonn agus faigheann bliantóg bás i mbliain amháin.&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Sorbus aucuparia vaisiai, 2006-0823.jpg|thumb|left|120px|Bréagthorthaí ''[[Sorbus aucuparia]]'']]
*'''bréagthoradh''' (''accessory fruit'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“bréagthoradh.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 5, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/br%C3%A9agthoradh/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; Is cineál toraidh é bréagthoradh a fhorbraíonn ó struchtúir cairpéil agus eachtarcairpéil araon.&lt;ref name = &quot;Bobrov &amp; Romanov, 2019&quot; /&gt;

==C==
*'''cill''' (''cell'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;cell&quot;&gt;“cell.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/cell/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is í cill an t-aonad struchtúrach bunúsach d'orgánaigh.&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''cill stórais''' (''storage cell'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;cell&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;D’fhéadfadh go mbeadh cainníochtaí móra polaisiúicrídí, próitéiní, lipidí,&lt;ref name = &quot;Fasseas, 1980&quot;&gt;Fasseas, C. (1980). [https://theses.gla.ac.uk/72881/1/10647162.pdf Fine structural studies on differentiation and dedifferentiation in the higher plant.]] University of Glasgow (United Kingdom).&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|1}} nó uisce i gcill stórais.&lt;ref name = &quot;Mauseth, 1995&quot;&gt;Mauseth, J. D. (1995). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2996453 Collapsible water-storage cells in cacti.] Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 145-151.&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''clóraplast''' (''chloroplast'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;clóraplast&quot;&gt;clóraplast. (n.d.-b). Gaois Research Group. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology/fiat/620910&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is orgánaid cheallach plandaí é an [[clóraplast]] a dhéanann an [[fótaisintéis]].&lt;ref name = &quot;clóraplast&quot; /&gt;
{{Il-íomhánna
 | align = left
 | direction = horizontal
 | total_width = 180
 | header = 
 | image1 = Inflorescences Corymb Kwiatostan BaldachGrono.svg
 | alt1 = 
 | caption1 = coirím raicéimeach&lt;!-- racemose corymb --&gt;
 | image2 = Schirmrispe (inflorescence).svg
 | alt2 = 
 | caption2 = coirím címeach&lt;!-- cymose corymb --&gt;
}}
*'''coirím''' (''corymb'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“coirím.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/coir%C3%ADm/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é coirím ina dtosaíonn na craobhacha ó phointí difriúla, ach sroicheann siad an airde chéanna.&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot; /&gt;
*'''coirt''' (''bark'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“coirt.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/coirt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is í an choirt an ciseal seachtrach cosanta de fhréamhacha agus gais plandaí adhmadacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''colúinín''' (''columella'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“colúinín.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/col%C3%BAin%C3%ADn/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is colún beag fíocháin é colúinín atá i lár capsúl.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''comhsheipealach''' (''gamosepalous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“comhsheipealach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/comhsheipealach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I gcailís chomhsheipealach bíonn na seipil comhleáite.&lt;ref&gt;Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. &amp; Coates Palgrave, M. (n.d.). Flora of Mozambique: Glossary details: gamosepalous. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.mozambiqueflora.com/speciesdata/glossary-display.php?glossary_id=318&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''crann''' (''tree'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“crann.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/crann/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Tree Silhouette - geograph.org.uk - 2274631.jpg|thumb|right|70px|crann]]&lt;/br&gt;Is planda adhmadach é crann le gas príomhúil amháin agus craobhacha tánaisteacha.&lt;ref&gt;Shrubs and trees: What defines a tree or a shrub? (2020, March 27). Los Angeles County Arboretum and Botanic Garden. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://arboretum.org/visit/library/online-exhibits/treasures-of-the-rare-book-collection-plants-of-mediterranean-climate-areas/shrubs-and-trees/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''crann fíliginiteach''' (''phylogenetic tree'' as Béarla&lt;!-- citation needed {{cn}} --&gt;)[[Íomhá:Crann.png|thumb|right|90px|Crann fíliginiteach]]&lt;/br&gt;Léiríonn [[crann fíliginiteach]] na gaolta idir orgánaigh éagsúla.&lt;ref name = &quot;Georgia Tech&quot;&gt;Phylogenetic Trees. (n.d.). Georgia Tech Biological Sciences. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://organismalbio.biosci.gatech.edu/biodiversity/phylogenetic-trees/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''crannlann''' (''arboretum'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“crannlann.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/crannlann/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is bailiúchán crann agus toir é [[crannlann]].&lt;ref&gt;Forschungsstelle Realienkunde  Zentralinstitut für Kunstgeschichte. (n.d.). Arboretum. RDK Labor. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.rdklabor.de/wiki/Arboretum&lt;/ref&gt;

==D==
*'''dé-éiciach''' (''dioecious'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“dé-éiciach.” (n.d.). téarma.ie. https://www.tearma.ie/q/d%C3%A9-%C3%A9iciach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn daoine aonair fireanna agus baineanna ar leith ag plandaí dé-éiciach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''dioplóideach''' (''diploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“dioplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/diopl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá dhá cheann de na tacair bhunúsacha crómasóm ag plandaí dioplóideacha sa núicléas.&lt;ref name = &quot;NSW Flora Glossary&quot;&gt;National Herbarium of NSW,  Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney, Australia. (n.d.). New South Wales Flora Online: Glossary of Botanical Terms. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&amp;glossary=yes&amp;alpha=A&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Cuscuta campestris sl22.jpg|thumb|left|130px|Diúlán an seadán éigeanta ''[[Cuscuta campestris]]'']]
*'''diúlán''' (''haustorium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“diúlán.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/di%C3%BAl%C3%A1n/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is orgán é diúlán trína n-ionsúnn seadán substaintí ceimiceacha óna óstach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;

==E==
*'''éaghasach''' (''acaulescent'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“éaghasach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 10, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/%C3%A9aghasach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Carlina acaulis RF.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Is planda éaghasach é ''[[Carlina acaulis]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Is plandaí gan gas iad plandaí éaghasacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''eipifít''' (''epiphyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“eipifít.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/eipif%C3%ADt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is planda é eipifít a fhásann ar phlanda eile, ach ní seadán é.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''eiseamláir an chineáil''' (''type specimen'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“eiseamláir an chineáil.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/eiseaml%C3%A1ir%20an%20chine%C3%A1il/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Cyne baetorta, HT, L39275.jpg|thumb|right|100px|An eiseamláir an chineáil de ''[[Cyne baetorta]]'' Barlow]]&lt;/br&gt;Sainmhíníonn agus déanann an eiseamláir an chineáil ionadaíocht ar tacsón. Feidhmíonn sé mar thagairt fhisiciúil don tacsón.&lt;ref&gt;Ashworth, J. (2025, November 18). What is a type specimen? Natural History Museum, London. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/what-is-a-type-specimen.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''eoplóideach''' (''euploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“eoplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/eopl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is uimhir an chrómasóim normalach i ngéanóm é eoplóideach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Reproductive Medicine Associates&quot; /&gt;

==F==
*'''fad idirnódach''' (''internode distance'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;internode&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá an fad idirnódach athraitheach. Féadfaidh sé athrú bunaithe ar an solas gréine atá ar fáil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Rare Plant Atlas&quot;&gt;Glossary. (n.d.). Rare Plant Atlas. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.rareplantatlas.com/glossary&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''faireog mheala''' (''nectary'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“faireog mheala.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/faireog%20mheala/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is struchtúr faireogach é faireog mheala a scaoileann leacht siúcrach (neachtar). Is féidir leis a bheith ina struchtúr i mbláth (faireog mheala bláthach), nó in áit eile ar an bplanda (faireog mheala eachtar-bláthach).&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''fearsaidchruthach''' (''fusiform'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“fearsaidchruthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/fearsaidchruthach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Ciallaíonn fearsaidchruthach cruth fearsaid, níos tibhe sa lár agus ag barrchaolú ag an dá cheann.&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''fialamán''' (''velamen'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“fialamán.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/fialam%C3%A1n/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an fialamán clúdach tiubh spúinseach na bhfréamhacha.&lt;ref&gt;Botanical nerd word: velamen. (2021, February 8). Toronto Botanical Garden. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://torontobotanicalgarden.ca/blog/word-of-the-week/word-of-the-week-velamen/&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Semele androgyna k4.jpg|thumb|left|140px|''[[Semele androgyna]]'' filleaclaid le torthaí]]
*'''filleaclad''' (''phylloclade'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“filleaclad.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/filleaclad/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; Is gas fótaisintéiseach cosúil le duilleog é filleaclad.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''fosú nítrigine''' (''nitrogen fixation'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;fosú nítrigine&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é fosú nítrigine an próiseas ina ndéantar nítrigin atmaisféarach ({{Chem2|N2|auto=1}}) a thiontú go amóinia ({{Chem2|NH3|auto=1}}).&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;
*'''fréamh chrapthach''' (''contractile root'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“fréamh chrapthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/fr%C3%A9amh%20chrapthach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Úsáideann plandaí fréamhacha chrapthach chun iad féin a tharraingt anuas.&lt;ref&gt;University of Florida, University of Kentucky, &amp; Texas A&amp;M University. (2023). Contractile Roots. PropG. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://propg.ifas.ufl.edu/07-geophytes/02-othergeophytes/01-geophytes-contractileroots.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''fréamhnóidín''' (''root nodule'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;nóidín&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Foirmítear nóidín fréimhe nuair a choilíniúnaíonn baictéir fosaithe nítrigine na fréamhacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;

==G==
*'''gaiméitifít''' (''gametophyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;gaiméitifít&quot; /&gt;[[File:Ricciocarpos natans.jpg|thumb|right|105px|Gaiméitifít de ''[[Ricciocarpos natans]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Fásann an gaiméitifít haplóideach ó spóir agus táirgeann sí gaiméite.&lt;ref name = &quot;gaiméitifít&quot;&gt;gaiméitifít. (n.d.). Gaois Research Group. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology/fiat/619447&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Dandelion seed dispersal.jpg|thumb|left|110px|gaothscaipeadh síl]]
*'''gaothscaipeadh síl''' (''anemochory'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“gaothscaipeadh síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/gaothscaipeadh%20s%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é gaothscaipeadh síl scaipeadh síolta leis an ngaoth.&lt;ref name = &quot;Lewis, 2019&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--*'''gasach''' (''caulescent'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Planda a bhfuil gas dea-fhorbartha aige os cionn na talún. Frithchiallach: ''gearrghasach'' (gan gas soiléir).--&gt;
*'''gínéiciam''' (''gynoecium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“gínéiciam.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 6, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/g%C3%ADn%C3%A9iciam/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an gínéiciam an téarma comhchoiteann do orgáin atáirgthe baineanna an bhlátha, atá comhdhéanta de na cairpéil.&lt;ref&gt;Gynoecium, Carpel, Pistil. (2025, February 22). Master Gardeners Northern Virginia. Retrieved March 6, 2026, from https://mgnv.org/plants/glossary/gynoecium-carpel-pistil/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!--*'''ginmhill''' (''abort'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Forbairt struchtúir nó orgáin a thréigean.--&gt;

==H==
*'''haplóideach''' (''haploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“haplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/hapl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Níl ach sraith amháin crómasóm ag géanóm haplóideach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Reproductive Medicine Associates&quot; /&gt;
*'''heitreaspórach''' (''heterosporous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“heitreaspórach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/heitreasp%C3%B3rach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Táirgeann plandaí heitreaspóracha dhá chineál spóir.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''homaspórach''' (''homosporous'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Planda nach bhfuil ach spóir de chineál amháin aige.&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary British Pteridological Society&quot; /&gt;

==I==
*'''idirnód''' (''internode'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;internode&quot;&gt;“internode.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/internode/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br/&gt;Is éard atá in idirnód an chuid de ghas idir dhá nód.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''ilseipealach''' (''polysepalous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“ilseipealach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/ilseipealach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I cailís ilseipealach, bíonn na séipéil scartha.&lt;ref&gt;Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. &amp; Coates Palgrave, M. (2026). Flora of Caprivi: Glossary details: polysepalous. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.capriviflora.com/speciesdata/glossary-display.php?glossary_id=565&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''inspeirm''' (''endosperm'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“inspeirm.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/inspeirm/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Cocos nucifera00.jpg|thumb|right|100px|An inspeirm bán de shíol ''[[Cocos nucifera]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid den síol é an inspeirm agus cothaíonn sé an spóraifít óg.&lt;ref&gt;Endosperm. (2007, June 18). Lexikon Der Biologie. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.spektrum.de/lexikon/biologie/endosperm/21284&lt;/ref&gt;

==L==
[[File:Latex collection 04.jpg|thumb|left|upright|90px|Laitéis]]
*'''laitéis''' (''latex'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“laitéis.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/lait%C3%A9is/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is sú bán de roinnt plandaí é laitéis.&lt;ref name = &quot;vPlants&quot; /&gt;
*'''lann''' (''lamina'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“lann.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/lann/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an lann an chuid leacaithe de dhuilleog, scartha ón ngas agus ó bhonn an duilleoige.&lt;ref&gt;Botanical nerd word: lamina. (2018, September 25). Toronto Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://torontobotanicalgarden.ca/blog/word-of-the-week/botanical-nerd-word-lamina/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''lansach''' (''lanceolate'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“lansach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 21, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/lansach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Leaf morphology lanceolate.png|thumb|right|140px|Duilleog lansach ]]&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn duilleog lansach caol agus ubhchruthach. Bíonn an pointe is leithne inti thíos leis an lár.&lt;ref name = &quot;The Pea Key, 2007&quot;&gt;The Australian Pea-flowered Legume Research Group. (2007). Leaf or leaflet shape. The Pea Key: An Interactive Key for Australian Pea-flowered Legumes. Retrieved March 21, 2026, from https://www.anbg.gov.au/cpbr/cd-keys/peakey/key/The%20Pea%20Key/Media/Html/41_leaf_shape.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''leathadh na bhfréamhacha''' (''branching of roots'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“leathadh na bhfréamhacha.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/leathadh%20na%20bhfr%C3%A9amhacha/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá leathadh na bhfréamhacha tábhachtach do phlandaí chun iad féin a ancaireadh agus chun uisce, mianraí agus cothaithigh a fháil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Atkinson et al., 2014&quot;&gt;Atkinson, J. A., Rasmussen, A., Traini, R., Voß, U., Sturrock, C., Mooney, S. J., ... &amp; Bennett, M. J. (2014). [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4213086/pdf/538.pdf Branching out in roots: uncovering form, function, and regulation.] Plant Physiology, 166(2), 538-550.&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''leictitíopa''' (''lectotype'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“leictitíopa.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/leictit%C3%ADopa/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is sintíopa é leictitíopa a roghnaítear níos déanaí mar an eiseamláir an chineáil.&lt;ref name = &quot;McGrouther, 2020&quot;&gt;McGrouther, M. (2020). Types of types. The Australian Museum. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://australian.museum/learn/animals/fishes/types-of-types/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''liathghorm''' (''glaucous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;IDM &amp; Foras na Gaeilge. (n.d.). glaucous. Foclóirí Ár Linne. Retrieved March 3, 2026, from https://www.focloir.ie/en/dictionary/ei/glaucous&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Picea pungens4.jpg|thumb|right|90px|Duilleoga liathghorm na ''[[Picea pungens]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Déanann an focal liathghorm cur síos ar dhromchla céiriúil atá idir ghorm agus liath.&lt;ref&gt;Eckel, P. M. (2023). A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 3, 2026, from https://www.mobot.org/mobot/latindict/keyDetail.aspx?keyWord=glaucous&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''luathbhaineannach''' (''protogynous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“luathbhaineannach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/luathbhaineannach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn céim baineann ag bláth luathbhaineannach roimh a chéim fhireann ar leith.&lt;ref&gt;New York Botanical Garden. (n.d.). Protogyny (protogynous). French Guianan E-Flora Project. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/projects/fg/glossary-details/?irn=1302&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''luathfhireannach''' (''protandrous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“luathfhireannach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/luathfhireannach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn céim fhireann ag bláth luathfhireannach roimh a chéim baineann ar leith.&lt;ref&gt;New York Botanical Garden. (n.d.-a). Protandry (protandrous). French Guianan E-Flora Project. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/projects/fg/glossary-details/?irn=1300&lt;/ref&gt;

==M==
*'''máthairshíol''' (''seed parent'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“máthairshíol.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved July 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/m%C3%A1thairsh%C3%ADol/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; An máthairshíol a thugtar ar an phlanda a fhásann an síol.&lt;ref&gt;MacRobert, J., Setimela, P. S., Gethi, J., &amp; Regasa, M. W. (2014). [https://excellenceinbreeding.org/sites/default/files/manual/98078.pdf Maize hybrid seed production manual.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260730221946/https://excellenceinbreeding.org/sites/default/files/manual/98078.pdf |date=2026-07-30 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''meigeagaiméitifít''' (''megagametophyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“meigeagaiméitifít.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/meigeagaim%C3%A9itif%C3%ADt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Cruthaítear an meigeagaiméitifít le fás na meigeaspóir. Gineann an meigeagaiméitifít gaiméit baineann an phlanda heitreaspórach.&lt;ref&gt;Government of South Australia. (2025, July 7). megagametophyte. Flora of South Australia. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://flora.sa.gov.au/glossary/megagametophyte&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''meigeaspór''' (''megaspore'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“meigeaspór.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/meigeasp%C3%B3r/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I bplandaí heitreaspóracha, is é an meigeaspór an cineál mór spóir. Fásann sé ina gaiméitifít baineann.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''meiteaxiléim''' (''metaxylem'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid den xiléim phríomhúil é an meiteaxiléim, ar céim luath í i bhforbairt an xiléim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;
*'''micreagaiméitifít''' (''microgametophyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“micreagaiméitifít.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 21, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/micreagaim%C3%A9itif%C3%ADt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Fásann an micreagaiméitifít ón micreaspór agus táirgeann sé na gaiméite fireann de phlanda heitreaspórach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''micreaspór''' (''microspore'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“micreaspór.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/micreasp%C3%B3r/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I bplandaí heitreaspóracha, is é an micreaspór an cineál beag spóir. Fásann sé ina gaiméitifít fhireann.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''micripíl''' (''micropyle'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“micripíl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/micrip%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cainéal beag é an micripíl a thrasnaíonn ionar ubhúlach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--*'''micreastrobalas''' (microstrobilus as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;https://www.tearma.ie/q/micro-/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://super.tearma.ie/q/strobilus/&lt;/ref&gt; An ceann is lú de dhá chineál bhuaircíní nó strobalas a tháirgeann gimnispeirmeacha, an ceann fireann é agus táirgeann sé an phailin.--&gt;
*'''monasómacht''' (''monosomy'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“monasómacht.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/monas%C3%B3macht/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál aineoplóideacht í an monasómacht. Sainmhínítear í trí scriosadh crómasóm i géanóm.&lt;ref name = &quot;Reproductive Medicine Associates&quot; /&gt;

==N==
[[File:E mammillaris ies.jpg|thumb|left|70px|neachtar]]
*'''neachtar''' (''nectar'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;neachtar&quot;&gt;“neachtar.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/neachtar/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is leacht milis é neachtar a scaoileann faireog mheala na bláthanna mar luach saothair tarraingteach d'ainmhithe pailniúcháin.&lt;ref name = &quot;Betterbee&quot; /&gt;
*'''nideog éiceolaíoch''' (''ecological niche'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“nideog éiceolaíoch.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/nideog%20%C3%A9iceola%C3%ADoch/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard is nideog éiceolaíoch ann ná iomlán na gcaidreamh idir speiceas agus a comhshaol.&lt;ref name = &quot;Folkmann, 2019&quot;&gt;Folkmann, M. (2019). [https://grabbe-gymnasium.de/spr/biologie/AB%20Glossar%20Oekologie.pdf Glossar zur Ökologie.] Detmold; Christian-Dietrich-Grabbe-Gymnasium.&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''nód''' (''node'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“nód.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/n%C3%B3d/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é nód an pointe ar an gas as a bhfásann duilleoga nó craobhacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Devlin, 2026&quot; /&gt;
*'''nóidín fréimhe''' (''root nodule'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;nóidín&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Foirmítear nóidín fréimhe nuair a choilíniúnaíonn baictéir fosaithe nítrigine na fréamhacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;

==O==
*'''olasóm''' (''elaiosome'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“olasóm.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/olas%C3%B3m/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Afzelia africana1.jpg|thumb|right|140px|Síolta ''[[Afzelia africana]]'' a bhfuil olasóm oráiste orthu]]&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid chothaitheach de shíol é olasóm a mheallann ainmhithe cosúil le seangáin. Cuidíonn sé le scaipeadh síolta.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''onn-aiseach''' (''adaxial'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“onn-aiseach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved July 28, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/onn-aiseach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá dromchlaí onn-aiseach os comhair ais an struchtúir a bhfuil sé ceangailte leis.&lt;ref name = &quot;vPlants&quot; /&gt;

==P==
&lt;!--* '''peitínáit'''  (''petiolate'' as Béarla) aidiacht ina ndéantar cur síos ar dhuilleoga nó ar struchtúir bhitheolaíocha a bhfuil gas (peitín) orthu, agus iad ceangailte go díreach le gas nó brainse. &lt;ref&gt;https://www.tearma.ie/q/petiolate/ ??&lt;/ref&gt;--&gt;
*'''piorrachruthach''' (''pyriform'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;piorrachruthach&quot;&gt;“piorrachruthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/piorrachruthach/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Ficus pyriformis.JPG|thumb|right|125px|Torthaí piorrachruthacha an ''[[Ficus pyriformis]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Aidiacht, i gcruth péire.&lt;ref name = &quot;piorrachruthach&quot; /&gt;
*'''prótaixiléim''' (''protoxylem'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid den xiléim phríomhúil é an prótaixiléim, ar céim luath í i bhforbairt an xiléim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;

==R==
[[File:Inflorescences Raceme Kwiatostan Grono.svg|thumb|left|upright|55px|raicéim]]
*'''raicéim''' (''raceme'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“raicéim.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/raic%C3%A9im/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é raicéim le hais neamhroinnte ar a bhfuil bláthanna gasógacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot; /&gt;

==S==
&lt;!--*'''scoitheadh''' (''abscission'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Scaoileadh nádúrtha orgáin atá aibí nó sean, amhail toradh aibí nó duilleog aosta.--&gt;
&lt;!--*'''snáthaidiúil''' (acicular as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Caol nó snáthaidchruthach.--&gt;
*'''samár''' (''samara'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“samár.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sam%C3%A1r/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is toradh neamhoscailteach aonsíolta le sciatháin é samár.&lt;ref name = &quot;Gray, 1875&quot; /&gt;{{rp|p=79}}
*'''siogót''' (''zygote'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“siogót.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/siog%C3%B3t/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard atá i siogót an chill dhioplóideach a eascraíonn as comhleá gaiméit.&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''síol''' (''seed'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;síl&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard atá i síol suth agus a struchtúir chosanta agus a struchtúir chothaitheacha atá in ann forbairt ina phlanda.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''síol inphéactha''' (''germinable seed'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;síl&quot;&gt;“síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/s%C3%ADl/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá síolta inphéactha in ann forbairt ina síológ.&lt;ref&gt;Keimfähigkeit. (n.d.). Bundesverband Deutscher Pflanzenzüchter. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.bdp-online.de/de/Pflanzenzuechtung/Glossar/terms/Keimfaehigkeit/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''síológ''' (''seedling'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“síológ.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/s%C3%ADol%C3%B3g/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is planda beag é síológ a fhásann ó shíol agus de ghnáth ní bhíonn ach a cotailéadóin agus cúpla duilleog leis.&lt;ref name = &quot;Seed sowing glossary&quot;&gt;Seed sowing glossary. (n.d.). Foundation for Arable Research. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.far.org.nz/schools/seed-sowing-glossary&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Arum creticum Marmaris White.jpg|thumb|left|120px|''[[Arum creticum]]'' le spáidín bán agus spáideog buí]]
*'''spáideog''' (''spadix'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“spáideog.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sp%C3%A1ideog/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é spáideog ina mbíonn bláthanna ag fás ar ais tiubh, feolmhar.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''spáidín''' (''spathe'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“spáidín.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sp%C3%A1id%C3%ADn/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is bracht mór é spáidín a thimpeallaíonn an spáideog.&lt;ref name = &quot;Sterry, 1997&quot;&gt;Sterry, P. (1997). [https://www.google.de/books/edition/Collins_Complete_British_Wildlife_Photog/H2oXAAAACAAJ?hl=en Collins Complete British Wildlife Photoguide.] Kiribati: HarperCollins.&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|p=356}}
*'''speiceas i mbaol criticiúil''' (''critically endangered species'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas i mbaol criticiúil&quot; /&gt;[[File:凹脈金花茶 Camellia impressinervis -香港公園 Hong Kong Park, Hong Kong- (39897970614).jpg|thumb|right|100px|Is speiceas i mbaol criticiúil é ''[[Camellia impressinervis]]''.&lt;ref&gt;Wheeler, L. &amp; Rivers, M.C. 2015. ''Camellia impressinervis''. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T62053740A62053758. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T62053740A62053758.en. Accessed on 01 March 2026.&lt;/ref&gt;]]&lt;br/&gt;Is speicis iad speicis atá i mbaol criticiúil díothaithe sa nádúr atá thar a bheith ard.&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas i mbaol criticiúil&quot;&gt;Fiontar &amp; Scoil na Gaeilge, DCU. (n.d.). “speiceas i mbaol criticiúil.” Grúpa Taighde Gaois. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology?Query=speiceas+i+mbaol+critici%C3%BAil&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''speiceas is lú imní''' (''least-concern species'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is tacsóin forleathana agus flúirseacha iad speiceas is lú imní.&lt;ref name = &quot;IUCN, 2012&quot;&gt;IUCN. (2012). [https://portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/documents/RL-2001-001-2nd.pdf IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition.] Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iv + 32pp.&lt;/ref&gt; Tá riosca níos ísle díothaithe ag na speicis seo.&lt;ref&gt;Frequently Asked Questions. (n.d.). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.iucnredlist.org/about/faqs#Why%20are%20LC%20species%20on%20the%20Red%20List&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''speiceas leochaileach''' (''vulnerable species'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas leochaileach&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá riosca ard díothaithe sa nádúr ag speiceas leochaileach.&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas leochaileach&quot;&gt;speiceas leochaileach. (n.d.). Gaois Research Group. Retrieved March 10, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology/fiat/635130&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''spor''' (''spur'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“spor.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/spor/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is síneadh feadánach log den coróinín é spor.&lt;ref name = &quot;Devlin, 2026&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Prunus AbscissionZone 1 (35974302350).jpg|thumb|right|120px|Sraith scoite ''[[Prunus]]'']]
*'''sraith scoite''' (''abscission layer'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“sraith scoite.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved August 31, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sraith%20scoite/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; Is sraith cealla í sraith scoite ina mbriseann orgán titimeach, mar shampla duilleog.&lt;ref&gt;Botanical Orchid Glossary: Glossary Term: Abscission layer. (n.d.). Orchids of New Guinea. Retrieved August 31, 2026, from https://www.orchidsnewguinea.com/orchid-glossary/define-term/Abscission+layer/&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Phyla cuneifolia runner.jpg|thumb|left|120px|''[[Phyla cuneifolia]]'' stólan]]
*'''stólan''' (''stolon'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“stólan.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/st%C3%B3lan/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Gas cothrománach is ea stólan a shníonn os cionn, ar nó faoi dhromchla na talún&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt; agus a fhásann planda nua.&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary British Pteridological Society&quot; /&gt;
*'''strobalas''' (''strobilus'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“strobalas.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/strobalas/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard is strobalas ann ná struchtúr cosúil le buaircín atá comhdhéanta de spóraifille atá iompaithe go dlúth ar an ais.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;

==T==
*'''teipeal''' (''tepal'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“teipeal.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 4, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/teipeal/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Úsáidtear an téarma teipal do chodanna an peirianta má tá cuma an-chosúil ar na peitil agus ar na seipil.&lt;ref&gt;Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. &amp; Coates Palgrave, M. (2026). Flora of Caprivi: Glossary details: tepal. https://www.capriviflora.com/speciesdata/glossary-display.php?glossary_id=768, retrieved 4 March 2026&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''teitreaplóideach''' (''tetraploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“teitreaplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/teitreapl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá dhá shraith bhreise crómasóm ag géanóm teitreaplóideach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Reproductive Medicine Associates&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Tetradium daniellii (Benn.) T.G. Hartley.jpg|thumb|left|120px|Torthú bláthra ''[[Tetradium daniellii]]'']]
*'''torthú bláthra''' (''infructescence'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;bláthra&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an torthú bláthra an struchtúr ina dtaispeántar torthaí ar phlanda.&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary for Vascular Plants&quot;&gt;Glossary for Vascular Plants. (2018, November 19). New York Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/glossary/glossary-list/?ImagesOnly=yes&amp;LimitPerPage=75&amp;rownum=676&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''treoir neachtair''' (''nectar guide'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;neachtar&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is marcanna nó patrúin ar bhláthanna iad treoracha neachtair a threoraíonn feithidí chuig an neachtar.&lt;ref name = &quot;Betterbee&quot;&gt;Glossary of beekeeping Terms. (n.d.). Betterbee. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.betterbee.com/glossary/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''trioplóideach''' (''triploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“trioplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/triopl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá sraith bhreise crómasóm ag géanóm trioplóideach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Reproductive Medicine Associates&quot; /&gt;
*'''trísómacht''' (''trisomy'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“trísómacht.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/tr%C3%ADs%C3%B3macht/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál aineoplóideacht í an trísómacht. Sainmhínítear í mar cóip breise crómasóm i géanóm.&lt;ref name = &quot;Reproductive Medicine Associates&quot; /&gt;

==U==
*'''uathpholaplóideach''' (''autopolyploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“uathpholaplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/uathpholapl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál planda polaplóideach é planda uathpholaplóideach a chruthaítear trí géanóm amháin a dhúbailt. I bplandaí uathpholaplóideacha, tagann na crómasóm go léir ón speiceas céanna.&lt;ref&gt;Lefers, M. &amp; Holmgren Lab. (2004). autopolyploid. Hedgehog Signaling Glossary. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://groups.molbiosci.northwestern.edu/holmgren/Glossary/Definitions/Def-A/autopolyploid.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''ubhagán uachtarach''' (''superior ovary'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“ubhagán uachtarach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/ubhag%C3%A1n%20uachtarach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá ubhagán uachtarach suite os cionn an phointe ina bhfuil na seipil, na peitil agus na staimín ceangailte.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Trapa japonica floating seed in Yokotake, Kanzaki.jpg|thumb|left|100px|uiscescaipeadh síl]]
*'''uiscescaipeadh síl''' (''hydrochory'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“uiscescaipeadh síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/uiscescaipeadh%20s%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é uiscescaipeadh síl scaipeadh síolta trí uisce.&lt;ref name = &quot;Lewis, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''umbal''' (''umbel'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;umbal&quot;&gt;“umbal.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/umbal/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;{{Il-íomhánna
 | align = right
 | direction = horizontal
 | total_width = 180
 | header = 
 | image1 = Inflorescences Umbel Kwiatostan Baldach.svg
 | alt1 = 
 | caption1 = umbal
 | image2 = Inflorescences Umbel Kwiatostan BaldachZłożony.svg
 | alt2 = 
 | caption2 = umbal comhshuite
}}&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra craobhach é umbal. Bíonn bláthanna sa bláthra ina bhfuil na gasóga go léir ar an fhad céanna agus ag teacht ó phointe amháin.&lt;ref name = &quot;Nelson, 2012&quot;&gt;Nelson, R. C. (2012). The Description of Flowers. University of Rochester. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.cs.rochester.edu/u/nelson/wildflowers/glossaries/flowers/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''umbal comhshuite''' (''compound umbel'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;umbal&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é umbal comhshuite ina n-eascraíonn roinnt umbal as aon phointe amháin.&lt;ref&gt;Inflorescences 15-Compound umbel. (n.d.). University of Illinois. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.life.illinois.edu/help/digitalflowers/Inflorescences/15.htm&lt;/ref&gt;

==X==
[[File:Decussate (PSF).png|thumb|left|100px|x-chruthach]]
*'''xantaifill''' (''xanthophyll'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“xantaifill.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/xantaifill/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is grúpa líocha caraitéanóideacha oráiste é xantaifill. Cosúil le caraitéin, cuidíonn xantaifill le fótaisintéis.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''x-chruthach''' (''decussate'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“x-chruthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/x-chruthach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Ciallaíonn suíomh x-chruthach duilleoga go bhfuil péirí duilleoga socraithe ag uillinn 90° le péirí duilleoga cóngaracha thuas agus thíos. Tá na péirí trasnaithe i bhfoirm X.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''xéirifíteach''' (''xerophytic'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“xéirifíteach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/x%C3%A9irif%C3%ADteach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Echinocactus grusonii flora cologne.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Is plandaí xéirifíteacha iad na cachtais.&lt;ref name = &quot;Duke University&quot;&gt;Xerophytes “Cactus-Like” collection. (n.d.). Duke University. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://liveplantcollections.biology.duke.edu/featured-collections/xeric&lt;/ref&gt;]]&lt;/br&gt;Tá plandaí xéirifíteacha oiriúnaithe do aeráid nó do ghnáthóg thirim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''xiléim''' (''xylem'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;xiléim&quot;&gt;“xiléim.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/xil%C3%A9im/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is fíochán lignithe é an xiléim atá freagrach as iompar uisce i bplandaí.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot;&gt;University of Florida, University of Kentucky, &amp; Texas A&amp;M University. (n.d.). Xylem. PropG. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://propg.ifas.ufl.edu/01-biology/02-cell-types/12-celltypes-xylem.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''xiléim phríomhúil''' (''primary xylem'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;xiléim&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is céim luath forbartha í an xiléim phríomhúil agus tá sé déanta as prótaixiléim agus meiteaxiléim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;
*'''xiléim thánaisteach''' (''secondary xylem'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;xiléim&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Déantar an xiléim thánaisteach ón sraith chaimbiam. Tá sé freagrach as forbairt leataobhach agus fás adhmad.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;

==Z==
[[File:Goral Girardinia diversifolia AJTJ.jpg|thumb|left|120px|zóscaipeadh síl]]
*'''zóscaipeadh síl''' (''zoochory'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“zóscaipeadh síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/z%C3%B3scaipeadh%20s%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é zóscaipeadh síl scaipeadh síolta ag ainmhithe.&lt;ref name = &quot;Lewis, 2019&quot;&gt;Lewis, A. (2019, August 23). Seed dispersal: 5 ways trees spread seeds. Woodland Trust. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.woodlandtrust.org.uk/blog/2019/08/seed-dispersal/&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tagairtí==
&lt;references&gt;
&lt;!-- Especially useful sources for definitions can be collected down here: --&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary British Pteridological Society&quot;&gt;Glossary. (n.d.). British Pteridological Society. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://britishfernsociety.org.uk/Glossary/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Gray, 1875&quot;&gt;Gray,  Asa. (1875). [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/56536335 Botany for young people and common subjects : how plants grow : a simple introduction to structural botany : with popular flora, or an arrangement and description of common plants, both wild and cultivated : illustrated by 500 wood engravings.] Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot;&gt;Government of South Australia. (n.d.). Flora of Australia Glossary. Flora of South Australia. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://flora.sa.gov.au/glossary/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot;&gt;The Rwanda flora team. (2026). Flora of Rwanda: Glossary. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.rwandaflora.com/speciesdata/glossary.php&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot;&gt;Jessop, J.P., Toelken, H.R. &amp; Kellermann, J. (2011). [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344409776_Glossary_of_botanical_terms_version_1 Glossary of botanical terms (version 1).] In: Kellermann, J. (ed.), Flora of South Australia (ed. 5). 24 pp. (State Herbarium of South Australia: Adelaide). www.flora.sa.gov.au/ed5&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot;&gt;UCMP Glossary: Botany. (2009). University of California Museum of Paleontology. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/gloss8botany.html&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;vPlants&quot;&gt;Plant Glossary. (n.d.). vPlants: A Virtual Herbarium of the Chicago Region. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://vplants.org/portal/plants/glossary/index.php&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Bobrov &amp; Romanov, 2019&quot;&gt;&lt;!-- Definitions of fruit terminology --&gt;Bobrov, A. V. C., &amp; Romanov, M. S. (2019). [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23818107.2019.1663448 Morphogenesis of fruits and types of fruit of angiosperms.] Botany letters, 166(3), 366-399.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot;&gt;Hodgkiss, R. J. (2019). Glossary of Botanical Terms. The Succulent Plant Page. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://succulent-plant.com/glossary/plantglossary.html&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Devlin, 2026&quot;&gt;Devlin, Z. (2026). Irish Wildflower Glossary. Wildflowers of Ireland. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.wildflowersofireland.net/glossary.php&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot;&gt;Huisman, J. M., &amp; Entwisle, T. J. (2022). Algae of Australia Glossary. Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.dcceew.gov.au/science-research/abrs/online-resources/glossaries/algae&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/references&gt;


{{síol}}</text>
      <sha1>gbitwvpjobg8q9v05feaof5vvi307kv</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1328839</id>
      <parentid>1328812</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-28T11:03:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Conan Wolff</username>
        <id>51812</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>deacaplóideach - decaploid; heicseaplóideach - hexaploid; heipteaplóideach - heptaploid; naonaplóideach - nonaploid; ochtaplóideach - octoploid; peinteaplóideach - pentaploid</comment>
      <origin>1328839</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="54079" sha1="m1x7m7jmi09k4851d1z0owub7upwmxu" xml:space="preserve">{{Teimpléad:Athbhreithniú}}
Míníonn an foclóir téarmaí luibheolaíochta seo téarmaí luibheolaíochta.

==A==
*'''achtanamorfach''' (''actinomorphic'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“achtanamorfach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/achtanamorfach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Fragaria vesca2.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Bláth achtanamorfach de ''[[Fragaria vesca]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn bláthanna aictiomorfacha ga-shiméadrach.&lt;ref&gt;Eckel, P. M. (n.d.). A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.mobot.org/mobot/latindict/keyDetail.aspx?keyWord=actinomorphic&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!--*'''acraifil''' (''acrophyll'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Duilleoga rialta de phlanda aibí, a tháirgtear os cionn an bhoinn, murab ionann is an bhasaifil.--&gt;
*'''aicéin''' (''achene'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“aicéin.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/aic%C3%A9in/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is toradh tirim, neamhoscailte, aon-shíolach é aicéin. Níl an síol ceangailte de bhalla an toraidh ach ag pointe amháin. Fásann an toradh ó ubhagán uachtarach aon-sheoimrín.&lt;ref name = &quot;FTG Fruit type Glossary&quot;&gt;Glossary Fruit type. (2007). Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Virtual Herbarium (FTG). Retrieved April 18, 2026, from http://www.virtualherbarium.org/glossary/glossary.php?cid=65&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''aindréiciam''' (''androecium''  as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“aindréiciam.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 7, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/aindr%C3%A9iciam/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an aindréiciam an téarma comhchoiteann do na horgáin atáirgthe fireanna sa bhláth, atá comhdhéanta de na staimín.&lt;ref&gt;Androecium, stamen, staminate, staminode. (2026, February 23). Master Gardeners of Northern Virginia. Retrieved March 7, 2026, from https://mgnv.org/plants/glossary/androecium-stamen-staminate/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''aineoplóideach''' (''aneuploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“aineoplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/aineopl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is uimhir an chrómasóim mínormalach i ngéanóm é aineoplóideach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Reproductive Medicine Associates&quot;&gt;Leary, W. (2025, November 23). Aneuploidy in Embryos: Chromosomal Abnormalities in IVF. Reproductive Medicine Associates. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://rmanetwork.com/blog/aneuploidy-embryos-abnormalities-ivf/&lt;/ref&gt;
{{Il-íomhánna
 | align = left
 | direction = horizontal
 | total_width = 180
 | header = 
 | image1 = 2020 year. Herbarium. Alchemilla vulgaris. img-014.jpg
 | alt1 = 
 | caption1 = onn-aiseach
 | image2 = 2020 year. Herbarium. Alchemilla vulgaris. img-008.jpg
 | alt2 = 
 | caption2 = all-aiseach
}}
*'''all-aiseach''' (''abaxial'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“all-aiseach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/all-aiseach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Aidiacht, a bhfuil a treo urchomhaireach le treo na haise (= taobh íochtair).&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--*'''andragíneafór''' (''androgynophore'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Gas ar a bhfuil an t-aindréiciam agus an gínéiciam de bhláth os cionn leibhéal ionsáite an pheirianta.--&gt;
&lt;!--*'''andramoinéiciach''' (''andromonoecious'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Córas annamh pórúcháin plandaí é andramoinéiciach ina dtáirgeann planda aonair bláthanna fireanna agus déghnéasacha araon.--&gt;
&lt;!--*'''andrafór''' (''androphore'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;An gas nó an colún a thacaíonn leis na staimíní i mbláthanna áirithe.--&gt;
*'''angaispeirm''' (''angiosperm'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“angaispeirm.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/angaispeirm/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) cross-section - 20080613.png|thumb|right|120px|In angaispeirm, bíonn na ubhúlaigh faoi iamh i gcairpéil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Bedecktsamer&quot; /&gt;]]&lt;/br&gt;Is grúpa plandaí iad na angiospermaigh a bhfuil ubhúlach acu atá iata i gcairpéil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Bedecktsamer&quot;&gt;Bedecktsamer. (2007, June 18). Lexikon Der Biologie. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.spektrum.de/lexikon/biologie/bedecktsamer/7737&lt;/ref&gt;

==B==
*'''baictéar fosaithe nítrigine''' (''nitrogen-fixing bacterium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;fosú nítrigine&quot;&gt;“fosú nítrigine.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/fos%C3%BA%20n%C3%ADtrigine/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Úsáideann baictéar fosaithe nítrigine einsím chun nítrigin atmaisféarach ({{Chem2|N2|auto=1}}) a thiontú go amóinia ({{Chem2|NH3|auto=1}}).&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot;&gt;Wagner, S. C. (2011). Biological Nitrogen Fixation. Nature Education. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/biological-nitrogen-fixation-23570419/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''baictéar nóidín''' (''nodule bacterium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;nóidín&quot;&gt;“nóidín.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/n%C3%B3id%C3%ADn/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Déanann baictéir nóidín, amhail ''[[Rhizobium]]'' nó ''[[Bradyrhizobium]]'', coilíniú ar na fréamhacha agus cruthaíonn siad nóidíní. Maireann na baictéir sna nóidíní. Soláthraíonn na fosaitheoirí nítrigine seo nítrigin don phlanda.&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;
*'''barraimsitheach''' (''acropetal'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“barraimsitheach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/barraimsitheach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Ciallaíonn an téarma ''barraimsitheach'' go dtosaíonn rud ag fás nó ag forbairt ag an mbun agus go leanann sé aníos i dtreo an bharr.&lt;ref name = &quot;Tropical Forages Glossary&quot;&gt;Cook BG, Pengelly BC, Schultze-Kraft R, Taylor M, Burkart S, Cardoso Arango JA, González Guzmán JJ, Cox K, Jones C, Peters M. &amp; International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia and International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya. (2020). Glossary. Tropical Forages: An Interactive Selection Tool. 2nd and Revised Edn. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://tropicalforages.info/text/entities/glossary.htm&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''bláthra''' (''inflorescence'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;bláthra&quot;&gt;“bláthra.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/bl%C3%A1thra/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is grúpa bláthanna é bláthra.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''bleib''' (''bulb'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“bleib.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/bleib/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:White onion cross section.jpg|thumb|right|70px|bleib]]&lt;/br&gt;Is gas faoi thalamh modhnaithe é bleibe, atá timpeallaithe ag duilleoga modhnaithe.&lt;ref&gt;What is a bulb? (2020, March 17). Michigan State University Extension. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/what-is-a-bulb&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''bliantóg''' (''annual plant'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“bliantóg.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/bliant%C3%B3g/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bláthaíonn agus faigheann bliantóg bás i mbliain amháin.&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Sorbus aucuparia vaisiai, 2006-0823.jpg|thumb|left|120px|Bréagthorthaí ''[[Sorbus aucuparia]]'']]
*'''bréagthoradh''' (''accessory fruit'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“bréagthoradh.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 5, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/br%C3%A9agthoradh/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; Is cineál toraidh é bréagthoradh a fhorbraíonn ó struchtúir cairpéil agus eachtarcairpéil araon.&lt;ref name = &quot;Bobrov &amp; Romanov, 2019&quot; /&gt;

==C==
*'''cill''' (''cell'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;cell&quot;&gt;“cell.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/cell/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is í cill an t-aonad struchtúrach bunúsach d'orgánaigh.&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''cill stórais''' (''storage cell'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;cell&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;D’fhéadfadh go mbeadh cainníochtaí móra polaisiúicrídí, próitéiní, lipidí,&lt;ref name = &quot;Fasseas, 1980&quot;&gt;Fasseas, C. (1980). [https://theses.gla.ac.uk/72881/1/10647162.pdf Fine structural studies on differentiation and dedifferentiation in the higher plant.]] University of Glasgow (United Kingdom).&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|1}} nó uisce i gcill stórais.&lt;ref name = &quot;Mauseth, 1995&quot;&gt;Mauseth, J. D. (1995). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2996453 Collapsible water-storage cells in cacti.] Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 145-151.&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''clóraplast''' (''chloroplast'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;clóraplast&quot;&gt;clóraplast. (n.d.-b). Gaois Research Group. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology/fiat/620910&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is orgánaid cheallach plandaí é an [[clóraplast]] a dhéanann an [[fótaisintéis]].&lt;ref name = &quot;clóraplast&quot; /&gt;
{{Il-íomhánna
 | align = left
 | direction = horizontal
 | total_width = 180
 | header = 
 | image1 = Inflorescences Corymb Kwiatostan BaldachGrono.svg
 | alt1 = 
 | caption1 = coirím raicéimeach&lt;!-- racemose corymb --&gt;
 | image2 = Schirmrispe (inflorescence).svg
 | alt2 = 
 | caption2 = coirím címeach&lt;!-- cymose corymb --&gt;
}}
*'''coirím''' (''corymb'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“coirím.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/coir%C3%ADm/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é coirím ina dtosaíonn na craobhacha ó phointí difriúla, ach sroicheann siad an airde chéanna.&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot; /&gt;
*'''coirt''' (''bark'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“coirt.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/coirt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is í an choirt an ciseal seachtrach cosanta de fhréamhacha agus gais plandaí adhmadacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''colúinín''' (''columella'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“colúinín.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/col%C3%BAin%C3%ADn/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is colún beag fíocháin é colúinín atá i lár capsúl.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''comhsheipealach''' (''gamosepalous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“comhsheipealach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/comhsheipealach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I gcailís chomhsheipealach bíonn na seipil comhleáite.&lt;ref&gt;Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. &amp; Coates Palgrave, M. (n.d.). Flora of Mozambique: Glossary details: gamosepalous. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.mozambiqueflora.com/speciesdata/glossary-display.php?glossary_id=318&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''crann''' (''tree'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“crann.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/crann/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Tree Silhouette - geograph.org.uk - 2274631.jpg|thumb|right|70px|crann]]&lt;/br&gt;Is planda adhmadach é crann le gas príomhúil amháin agus craobhacha tánaisteacha.&lt;ref&gt;Shrubs and trees: What defines a tree or a shrub? (2020, March 27). Los Angeles County Arboretum and Botanic Garden. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://arboretum.org/visit/library/online-exhibits/treasures-of-the-rare-book-collection-plants-of-mediterranean-climate-areas/shrubs-and-trees/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''crann fíliginiteach''' (''phylogenetic tree'' as Béarla&lt;!-- citation needed {{cn}} --&gt;)[[Íomhá:Crann.png|thumb|right|90px|Crann fíliginiteach]]&lt;/br&gt;Léiríonn [[crann fíliginiteach]] na gaolta idir orgánaigh éagsúla.&lt;ref name = &quot;Georgia Tech&quot;&gt;Phylogenetic Trees. (n.d.). Georgia Tech Biological Sciences. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://organismalbio.biosci.gatech.edu/biodiversity/phylogenetic-trees/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''crannlann''' (''arboretum'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“crannlann.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/crannlann/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is bailiúchán crann agus toir é [[crannlann]].&lt;ref&gt;Forschungsstelle Realienkunde  Zentralinstitut für Kunstgeschichte. (n.d.). Arboretum. RDK Labor. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.rdklabor.de/wiki/Arboretum&lt;/ref&gt;

==D==
*'''deacaplóideach''' (''decaploid'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá deich sraith crómasóm i ngéanóm decaplóideach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Beentje, 2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|37}}
*'''dé-éiciach''' (''dioecious'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“dé-éiciach.” (n.d.). téarma.ie. https://www.tearma.ie/q/d%C3%A9-%C3%A9iciach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn daoine aonair fireanna agus baineanna ar leith ag plandaí dé-éiciach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''dioplóideach''' (''diploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“dioplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/diopl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá dhá cheann de na tacair bhunúsacha crómasóm ag plandaí dioplóideacha sa núicléas.&lt;ref name = &quot;NSW Flora Glossary&quot;&gt;National Herbarium of NSW,  Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney, Australia. (n.d.). New South Wales Flora Online: Glossary of Botanical Terms. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&amp;glossary=yes&amp;alpha=A&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Cuscuta campestris sl22.jpg|thumb|left|130px|Diúlán an seadán éigeanta ''[[Cuscuta campestris]]'']]
*'''diúlán''' (''haustorium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“diúlán.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/di%C3%BAl%C3%A1n/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is orgán é diúlán trína n-ionsúnn seadán substaintí ceimiceacha óna óstach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;

==E==
*'''éaghasach''' (''acaulescent'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“éaghasach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 10, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/%C3%A9aghasach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Carlina acaulis RF.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Is planda éaghasach é ''[[Carlina acaulis]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Is plandaí gan gas iad plandaí éaghasacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''eipifít''' (''epiphyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“eipifít.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/eipif%C3%ADt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is planda é eipifít a fhásann ar phlanda eile, ach ní seadán é.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''eiseamláir an chineáil''' (''type specimen'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“eiseamláir an chineáil.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/eiseaml%C3%A1ir%20an%20chine%C3%A1il/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Cyne baetorta, HT, L39275.jpg|thumb|right|100px|An eiseamláir an chineáil de ''[[Cyne baetorta]]'' Barlow]]&lt;/br&gt;Sainmhíníonn agus déanann an eiseamláir an chineáil ionadaíocht ar tacsón. Feidhmíonn sé mar thagairt fhisiciúil don tacsón.&lt;ref&gt;Ashworth, J. (2025, November 18). What is a type specimen? Natural History Museum, London. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/what-is-a-type-specimen.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''eoplóideach''' (''euploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“eoplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/eopl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is uimhir an chrómasóim normalach i ngéanóm é eoplóideach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Reproductive Medicine Associates&quot; /&gt;

==F==
*'''fad idirnódach''' (''internode distance'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;internode&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá an fad idirnódach athraitheach. Féadfaidh sé athrú bunaithe ar an solas gréine atá ar fáil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Rare Plant Atlas&quot;&gt;Glossary. (n.d.). Rare Plant Atlas. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.rareplantatlas.com/glossary&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''faireog mheala''' (''nectary'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“faireog mheala.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/faireog%20mheala/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is struchtúr faireogach é faireog mheala a scaoileann leacht siúcrach (neachtar). Is féidir leis a bheith ina struchtúr i mbláth (faireog mheala bláthach), nó in áit eile ar an bplanda (faireog mheala eachtar-bláthach).&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''fearsaidchruthach''' (''fusiform'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“fearsaidchruthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/fearsaidchruthach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Ciallaíonn fearsaidchruthach cruth fearsaid, níos tibhe sa lár agus ag barrchaolú ag an dá cheann.&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''fialamán''' (''velamen'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“fialamán.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/fialam%C3%A1n/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an fialamán clúdach tiubh spúinseach na bhfréamhacha.&lt;ref&gt;Botanical nerd word: velamen. (2021, February 8). Toronto Botanical Garden. Retrieved May 27, 2026, from https://torontobotanicalgarden.ca/blog/word-of-the-week/word-of-the-week-velamen/&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Semele androgyna k4.jpg|thumb|left|140px|''[[Semele androgyna]]'' filleaclaid le torthaí]]
*'''filleaclad''' (''phylloclade'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“filleaclad.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/filleaclad/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; Is gas fótaisintéiseach cosúil le duilleog é filleaclad.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''fosú nítrigine''' (''nitrogen fixation'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;fosú nítrigine&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é fosú nítrigine an próiseas ina ndéantar nítrigin atmaisféarach ({{Chem2|N2|auto=1}}) a thiontú go amóinia ({{Chem2|NH3|auto=1}}).&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;
*'''fréamh chrapthach''' (''contractile root'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“fréamh chrapthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/fr%C3%A9amh%20chrapthach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Úsáideann plandaí fréamhacha chrapthach chun iad féin a tharraingt anuas.&lt;ref&gt;University of Florida, University of Kentucky, &amp; Texas A&amp;M University. (2023). Contractile Roots. PropG. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://propg.ifas.ufl.edu/07-geophytes/02-othergeophytes/01-geophytes-contractileroots.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''fréamhnóidín''' (''root nodule'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;nóidín&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Foirmítear nóidín fréimhe nuair a choilíniúnaíonn baictéir fosaithe nítrigine na fréamhacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;

==G==
*'''gaiméitifít''' (''gametophyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;gaiméitifít&quot; /&gt;[[File:Ricciocarpos natans.jpg|thumb|right|105px|Gaiméitifít de ''[[Ricciocarpos natans]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Fásann an gaiméitifít haplóideach ó spóir agus táirgeann sí gaiméite.&lt;ref name = &quot;gaiméitifít&quot;&gt;gaiméitifít. (n.d.). Gaois Research Group. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology/fiat/619447&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Dandelion seed dispersal.jpg|thumb|left|110px|gaothscaipeadh síl]]
*'''gaothscaipeadh síl''' (''anemochory'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“gaothscaipeadh síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/gaothscaipeadh%20s%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é gaothscaipeadh síl scaipeadh síolta leis an ngaoth.&lt;ref name = &quot;Lewis, 2019&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--*'''gasach''' (''caulescent'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Planda a bhfuil gas dea-fhorbartha aige os cionn na talún. Frithchiallach: ''gearrghasach'' (gan gas soiléir).--&gt;
*'''gínéiciam''' (''gynoecium'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“gínéiciam.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 6, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/g%C3%ADn%C3%A9iciam/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an gínéiciam an téarma comhchoiteann do orgáin atáirgthe baineanna an bhlátha, atá comhdhéanta de na cairpéil.&lt;ref&gt;Gynoecium, Carpel, Pistil. (2025, February 22). Master Gardeners Northern Virginia. Retrieved March 6, 2026, from https://mgnv.org/plants/glossary/gynoecium-carpel-pistil/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!--*'''ginmhill''' (''abort'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Forbairt struchtúir nó orgáin a thréigean.--&gt;

==H==
*'''haplóideach''' (''haploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“haplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/hapl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Níl ach sraith amháin crómasóm ag géanóm haplóideach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Reproductive Medicine Associates&quot; /&gt;
*'''heicseaplóideach''' (''hexaploid'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá sé sraith crómasóm i géanóm heicseaplóideach.&lt;ref name = &quot;LabXchange&quot; /&gt;
*'''heipteaplóideach''' (''heptaploid'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá seacht sraith crómasóm i géanóm heipteaplóideach.&lt;ref name = &quot;LabXchange&quot; /&gt;
*'''heitreaspórach''' (''heterosporous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“heitreaspórach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/heitreasp%C3%B3rach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Táirgeann plandaí heitreaspóracha dhá chineál spóir.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''homaspórach''' (''homosporous'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Planda nach bhfuil ach spóir de chineál amháin aige.&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary British Pteridological Society&quot; /&gt;

==I==
*'''idirnód''' (''internode'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;internode&quot;&gt;“internode.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/internode/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br/&gt;Is éard atá in idirnód an chuid de ghas idir dhá nód.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''ilseipealach''' (''polysepalous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“ilseipealach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/ilseipealach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I cailís ilseipealach, bíonn na séipéil scartha.&lt;ref&gt;Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. &amp; Coates Palgrave, M. (2026). Flora of Caprivi: Glossary details: polysepalous. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.capriviflora.com/speciesdata/glossary-display.php?glossary_id=565&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''inspeirm''' (''endosperm'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“inspeirm.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/inspeirm/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Cocos nucifera00.jpg|thumb|right|100px|An inspeirm bán de shíol ''[[Cocos nucifera]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid den síol é an inspeirm agus cothaíonn sé an spóraifít óg.&lt;ref&gt;Endosperm. (2007, June 18). Lexikon Der Biologie. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.spektrum.de/lexikon/biologie/endosperm/21284&lt;/ref&gt;

==L==
[[File:Latex collection 04.jpg|thumb|left|upright|90px|Laitéis]]
*'''laitéis''' (''latex'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“laitéis.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/lait%C3%A9is/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is sú bán de roinnt plandaí é laitéis.&lt;ref name = &quot;vPlants&quot; /&gt;
*'''lann''' (''lamina'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“lann.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/lann/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an lann an chuid leacaithe de dhuilleog, scartha ón ngas agus ó bhonn an duilleoige.&lt;ref&gt;Botanical nerd word: lamina. (2018, September 25). Toronto Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://torontobotanicalgarden.ca/blog/word-of-the-week/botanical-nerd-word-lamina/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''lansach''' (''lanceolate'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“lansach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 21, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/lansach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Leaf morphology lanceolate.png|thumb|right|140px|Duilleog lansach ]]&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn duilleog lansach caol agus ubhchruthach. Bíonn an pointe is leithne inti thíos leis an lár.&lt;ref name = &quot;The Pea Key, 2007&quot;&gt;The Australian Pea-flowered Legume Research Group. (2007). Leaf or leaflet shape. The Pea Key: An Interactive Key for Australian Pea-flowered Legumes. Retrieved March 21, 2026, from https://www.anbg.gov.au/cpbr/cd-keys/peakey/key/The%20Pea%20Key/Media/Html/41_leaf_shape.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''leathadh na bhfréamhacha''' (''branching of roots'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“leathadh na bhfréamhacha.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/leathadh%20na%20bhfr%C3%A9amhacha/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá leathadh na bhfréamhacha tábhachtach do phlandaí chun iad féin a ancaireadh agus chun uisce, mianraí agus cothaithigh a fháil.&lt;ref name = &quot;Atkinson et al., 2014&quot;&gt;Atkinson, J. A., Rasmussen, A., Traini, R., Voß, U., Sturrock, C., Mooney, S. J., ... &amp; Bennett, M. J. (2014). [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4213086/pdf/538.pdf Branching out in roots: uncovering form, function, and regulation.] Plant Physiology, 166(2), 538-550.&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''leictitíopa''' (''lectotype'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“leictitíopa.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/leictit%C3%ADopa/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is sintíopa é leictitíopa a roghnaítear níos déanaí mar an eiseamláir an chineáil.&lt;ref name = &quot;McGrouther, 2020&quot;&gt;McGrouther, M. (2020). Types of types. The Australian Museum. Retrieved March 23, 2026, from https://australian.museum/learn/animals/fishes/types-of-types/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''liathghorm''' (''glaucous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;IDM &amp; Foras na Gaeilge. (n.d.). glaucous. Foclóirí Ár Linne. Retrieved March 3, 2026, from https://www.focloir.ie/en/dictionary/ei/glaucous&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Picea pungens4.jpg|thumb|right|90px|Duilleoga liathghorm na ''[[Picea pungens]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Déanann an focal liathghorm cur síos ar dhromchla céiriúil atá idir ghorm agus liath.&lt;ref&gt;Eckel, P. M. (2023). A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 3, 2026, from https://www.mobot.org/mobot/latindict/keyDetail.aspx?keyWord=glaucous&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''luathbhaineannach''' (''protogynous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“luathbhaineannach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/luathbhaineannach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn céim baineann ag bláth luathbhaineannach roimh a chéim fhireann ar leith.&lt;ref&gt;New York Botanical Garden. (n.d.). Protogyny (protogynous). French Guianan E-Flora Project. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/projects/fg/glossary-details/?irn=1302&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''luathfhireannach''' (''protandrous'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“luathfhireannach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/luathfhireannach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Bíonn céim fhireann ag bláth luathfhireannach roimh a chéim baineann ar leith.&lt;ref&gt;New York Botanical Garden. (n.d.-a). Protandry (protandrous). French Guianan E-Flora Project. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/projects/fg/glossary-details/?irn=1300&lt;/ref&gt;

==M==
*'''máthairshíol''' (''seed parent'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“máthairshíol.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved July 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/m%C3%A1thairsh%C3%ADol/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; An máthairshíol a thugtar ar an phlanda a fhásann an síol.&lt;ref&gt;MacRobert, J., Setimela, P. S., Gethi, J., &amp; Regasa, M. W. (2014). [https://excellenceinbreeding.org/sites/default/files/manual/98078.pdf Maize hybrid seed production manual.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260730221946/https://excellenceinbreeding.org/sites/default/files/manual/98078.pdf |date=2026-07-30 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''meigeagaiméitifít''' (''megagametophyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“meigeagaiméitifít.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/meigeagaim%C3%A9itif%C3%ADt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Cruthaítear an meigeagaiméitifít le fás na meigeaspóir. Gineann an meigeagaiméitifít gaiméit baineann an phlanda heitreaspórach.&lt;ref&gt;Government of South Australia. (2025, July 7). megagametophyte. Flora of South Australia. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://flora.sa.gov.au/glossary/megagametophyte&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''meigeaspór''' (''megaspore'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“meigeaspór.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/meigeasp%C3%B3r/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I bplandaí heitreaspóracha, is é an meigeaspór an cineál mór spóir. Fásann sé ina gaiméitifít baineann.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''meiteaxiléim''' (''metaxylem'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid den xiléim phríomhúil é an meiteaxiléim, ar céim luath í i bhforbairt an xiléim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;
*'''micreagaiméitifít''' (''microgametophyte'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“micreagaiméitifít.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 21, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/micreagaim%C3%A9itif%C3%ADt/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Fásann an micreagaiméitifít ón micreaspór agus táirgeann sé na gaiméite fireann de phlanda heitreaspórach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''micreaspór''' (''microspore'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“micreaspór.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/micreasp%C3%B3r/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;I bplandaí heitreaspóracha, is é an micreaspór an cineál beag spóir. Fásann sé ina gaiméitifít fhireann.&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot; /&gt;
*'''micripíl''' (''micropyle'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“micripíl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/micrip%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cainéal beag é an micripíl a thrasnaíonn ionar ubhúlach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--*'''micreastrobalas''' (microstrobilus as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;https://www.tearma.ie/q/micro-/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://super.tearma.ie/q/strobilus/&lt;/ref&gt; An ceann is lú de dhá chineál bhuaircíní nó strobalas a tháirgeann gimnispeirmeacha, an ceann fireann é agus táirgeann sé an phailin.--&gt;
*'''monasómacht''' (''monosomy'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“monasómacht.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/monas%C3%B3macht/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál aineoplóideacht í an monasómacht. Sainmhínítear í trí scriosadh crómasóm i géanóm.&lt;ref name = &quot;Reproductive Medicine Associates&quot; /&gt;

==N==
[[File:E mammillaris ies.jpg|thumb|left|70px|neachtar]]
*'''naonaplóideach''' (''nonaploid'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá naoi sraith crómasóm i géanóm naonaplóideach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Sugiura et al., 2000&quot;&gt;Sugiura, A., Ohkuma, T., Choi, Y. A., Tao, R., &amp; Tamura, M. (2000). [https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/view/journals/jashs/125/5/article-p609.pdf Production of nonaploid (2n= 9x) Japanese persimmons (''Diospyros kaki'') by pollination with unreduced (2n= 6x) pollen and embryo rescue culture.] Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 125(5), 609-614.&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''neachtar''' (''nectar'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;neachtar&quot;&gt;“neachtar.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/neachtar/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is leacht milis é neachtar a scaoileann faireog mheala na bláthanna mar luach saothair tarraingteach d'ainmhithe pailniúcháin.&lt;ref name = &quot;Betterbee&quot; /&gt;
*'''nideog éiceolaíoch''' (''ecological niche'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“nideog éiceolaíoch.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/nideog%20%C3%A9iceola%C3%ADoch/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard is nideog éiceolaíoch ann ná iomlán na gcaidreamh idir speiceas agus a comhshaol.&lt;ref name = &quot;Folkmann, 2019&quot;&gt;Folkmann, M. (2019). [https://grabbe-gymnasium.de/spr/biologie/AB%20Glossar%20Oekologie.pdf Glossar zur Ökologie.] Detmold; Christian-Dietrich-Grabbe-Gymnasium.&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''nód''' (''node'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“nód.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/n%C3%B3d/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é nód an pointe ar an gas as a bhfásann duilleoga nó craobhacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Devlin, 2026&quot; /&gt;
*'''nóidín fréimhe''' (''root nodule'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;nóidín&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Foirmítear nóidín fréimhe nuair a choilíniúnaíonn baictéir fosaithe nítrigine na fréamhacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Wagner, 2011&quot; /&gt;

==O==
*'''ochtaplóideach''' (''octoploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“ochtaplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 28, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/ochtapl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá ocht sraith crómasóm i géanóm ochtaplóideach.&lt;ref name = &quot;LabXchange&quot; /&gt;
*'''olasóm''' (''elaiosome'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“olasóm.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/olas%C3%B3m/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Afzelia africana1.jpg|thumb|right|140px|Síolta ''[[Afzelia africana]]'' a bhfuil olasóm oráiste orthu]]&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid chothaitheach de shíol é olasóm a mheallann ainmhithe cosúil le seangáin. Cuidíonn sé le scaipeadh síolta.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''onn-aiseach''' (''adaxial'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“onn-aiseach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved July 28, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/onn-aiseach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá dromchlaí onn-aiseach os comhair ais an struchtúir a bhfuil sé ceangailte leis.&lt;ref name = &quot;vPlants&quot; /&gt;

==P==
*'''peinteaplóideach''' (''pentaploid'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá cúig shraith crómasóm i géanóm peinteaplóideach.&lt;ref name = &quot;LabXchange&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!--* '''peitínáit'''  (''petiolate'' as Béarla) aidiacht ina ndéantar cur síos ar dhuilleoga nó ar struchtúir bhitheolaíocha a bhfuil gas (peitín) orthu, agus iad ceangailte go díreach le gas nó brainse. &lt;ref&gt;https://www.tearma.ie/q/petiolate/ ??&lt;/ref&gt;--&gt;
*'''piorrachruthach''' (''pyriform'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;piorrachruthach&quot;&gt;“piorrachruthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/piorrachruthach/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Ficus pyriformis.JPG|thumb|right|125px|Torthaí piorrachruthacha an ''[[Ficus pyriformis]]'']]&lt;/br&gt;Aidiacht, i gcruth péire.&lt;ref name = &quot;piorrachruthach&quot; /&gt;
*'''prótaixiléim''' (''protoxylem'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cuid den xiléim phríomhúil é an prótaixiléim, ar céim luath í i bhforbairt an xiléim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;

==R==
[[File:Inflorescences Raceme Kwiatostan Grono.svg|thumb|left|upright|55px|raicéim]]
*'''raicéim''' (''raceme'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“raicéim.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://super.tearma.ie/q/raic%C3%A9im/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é raicéim le hais neamhroinnte ar a bhfuil bláthanna gasógacha.&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot; /&gt;

==S==
&lt;!--*'''scoitheadh''' (''abscission'' as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Scaoileadh nádúrtha orgáin atá aibí nó sean, amhail toradh aibí nó duilleog aosta.--&gt;
&lt;!--*'''snáthaidiúil''' (acicular as Béarla)&lt;/br&gt;Caol nó snáthaidchruthach.--&gt;
*'''samár''' (''samara'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“samár.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sam%C3%A1r/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is toradh neamhoscailteach aonsíolta le sciatháin é samár.&lt;ref name = &quot;Gray, 1875&quot; /&gt;{{rp|p=79}}
*'''siogót''' (''zygote'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“siogót.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/siog%C3%B3t/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard atá i siogót an chill dhioplóideach a eascraíonn as comhleá gaiméit.&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''síol''' (''seed'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;síl&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard atá i síol suth agus a struchtúir chosanta agus a struchtúir chothaitheacha atá in ann forbairt ina phlanda.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''síol inphéactha''' (''germinable seed'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;síl&quot;&gt;“síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/s%C3%ADl/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá síolta inphéactha in ann forbairt ina síológ.&lt;ref&gt;Keimfähigkeit. (n.d.). Bundesverband Deutscher Pflanzenzüchter. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.bdp-online.de/de/Pflanzenzuechtung/Glossar/terms/Keimfaehigkeit/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''síológ''' (''seedling'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“síológ.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/s%C3%ADol%C3%B3g/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is planda beag é síológ a fhásann ó shíol agus de ghnáth ní bhíonn ach a cotailéadóin agus cúpla duilleog leis.&lt;ref name = &quot;Seed sowing glossary&quot;&gt;Seed sowing glossary. (n.d.). Foundation for Arable Research. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.far.org.nz/schools/seed-sowing-glossary&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Arum creticum Marmaris White.jpg|thumb|left|120px|''[[Arum creticum]]'' le spáidín bán agus spáideog buí]]
*'''spáideog''' (''spadix'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“spáideog.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sp%C3%A1ideog/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é spáideog ina mbíonn bláthanna ag fás ar ais tiubh, feolmhar.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''spáidín''' (''spathe'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“spáidín.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sp%C3%A1id%C3%ADn/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is bracht mór é spáidín a thimpeallaíonn an spáideog.&lt;ref name = &quot;Sterry, 1997&quot;&gt;Sterry, P. (1997). [https://www.google.de/books/edition/Collins_Complete_British_Wildlife_Photog/H2oXAAAACAAJ?hl=en Collins Complete British Wildlife Photoguide.] Kiribati: HarperCollins.&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|p=356}}
*'''speiceas i mbaol criticiúil''' (''critically endangered species'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas i mbaol criticiúil&quot; /&gt;[[File:凹脈金花茶 Camellia impressinervis -香港公園 Hong Kong Park, Hong Kong- (39897970614).jpg|thumb|right|100px|Is speiceas i mbaol criticiúil é ''[[Camellia impressinervis]]''.&lt;ref&gt;Wheeler, L. &amp; Rivers, M.C. 2015. ''Camellia impressinervis''. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T62053740A62053758. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T62053740A62053758.en. Accessed on 01 March 2026.&lt;/ref&gt;]]&lt;br/&gt;Is speicis iad speicis atá i mbaol criticiúil díothaithe sa nádúr atá thar a bheith ard.&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas i mbaol criticiúil&quot;&gt;Fiontar &amp; Scoil na Gaeilge, DCU. (n.d.). “speiceas i mbaol criticiúil.” Grúpa Taighde Gaois. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology?Query=speiceas+i+mbaol+critici%C3%BAil&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''speiceas is lú imní''' (''least-concern species'' as Béarla)&lt;!-- citation needed --&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is tacsóin forleathana agus flúirseacha iad speiceas is lú imní.&lt;ref name = &quot;IUCN, 2012&quot;&gt;IUCN. (2012). [https://portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/documents/RL-2001-001-2nd.pdf IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition.] Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iv + 32pp.&lt;/ref&gt; Tá riosca níos ísle díothaithe ag na speicis seo.&lt;ref&gt;Frequently Asked Questions. (n.d.). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.iucnredlist.org/about/faqs#Why%20are%20LC%20species%20on%20the%20Red%20List&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''speiceas leochaileach''' (''vulnerable species'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas leochaileach&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá riosca ard díothaithe sa nádúr ag speiceas leochaileach.&lt;ref name = &quot;speiceas leochaileach&quot;&gt;speiceas leochaileach. (n.d.). Gaois Research Group. Retrieved March 10, 2026, from https://www.gaois.ie/en/terminology/fiat/635130&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''spor''' (''spur'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“spor.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/spor/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is síneadh feadánach log den coróinín é spor.&lt;ref name = &quot;Devlin, 2026&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Prunus AbscissionZone 1 (35974302350).jpg|thumb|right|120px|Sraith scoite ''[[Prunus]]'']]
*'''sraith scoite''' (''abscission layer'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“sraith scoite.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved August 31, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/sraith%20scoite/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt; Is sraith cealla í sraith scoite ina mbriseann orgán titimeach, mar shampla duilleog.&lt;ref&gt;Botanical Orchid Glossary: Glossary Term: Abscission layer. (n.d.). Orchids of New Guinea. Retrieved August 31, 2026, from https://www.orchidsnewguinea.com/orchid-glossary/define-term/Abscission+layer/&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Phyla cuneifolia runner.jpg|thumb|left|120px|''[[Phyla cuneifolia]]'' stólan]]
*'''stólan''' (''stolon'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“stólan.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved June 11, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/st%C3%B3lan/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Gas cothrománach is ea stólan a shníonn os cionn, ar nó faoi dhromchla na talún&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt; agus a fhásann planda nua.&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary British Pteridological Society&quot; /&gt;
*'''strobalas''' (''strobilus'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“strobalas.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 14, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/strobalas/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is éard is strobalas ann ná struchtúr cosúil le buaircín atá comhdhéanta de spóraifille atá iompaithe go dlúth ar an ais.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot; /&gt;

==T==
*'''teipeal''' (''tepal'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“teipeal.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 4, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/teipeal/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Úsáidtear an téarma teipal do chodanna an peirianta má tá cuma an-chosúil ar na peitil agus ar na seipil.&lt;ref&gt;Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. &amp; Coates Palgrave, M. (2026). Flora of Caprivi: Glossary details: tepal. https://www.capriviflora.com/speciesdata/glossary-display.php?glossary_id=768, retrieved 4 March 2026&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''teitreaplóideach''' (''tetraploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“teitreaplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/teitreapl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá dhá shraith bhreise crómasóm ag géanóm teitreaplóideach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Reproductive Medicine Associates&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Tetradium daniellii (Benn.) T.G. Hartley.jpg|thumb|left|120px|Torthú bláthra ''[[Tetradium daniellii]]'']]
*'''torthú bláthra''' (''infructescence'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;bláthra&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é an torthú bláthra an struchtúr ina dtaispeántar torthaí ar phlanda.&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary for Vascular Plants&quot;&gt;Glossary for Vascular Plants. (2018, November 19). New York Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/glossary/glossary-list/?ImagesOnly=yes&amp;LimitPerPage=75&amp;rownum=676&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''treoir neachtair''' (''nectar guide'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;neachtar&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is marcanna nó patrúin ar bhláthanna iad treoracha neachtair a threoraíonn feithidí chuig an neachtar.&lt;ref name = &quot;Betterbee&quot;&gt;Glossary of beekeeping Terms. (n.d.). Betterbee. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://www.betterbee.com/glossary/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''trioplóideach''' (''triploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“trioplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/triopl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá sraith bhreise crómasóm ag géanóm trioplóideach.&lt;ref name = &quot;Reproductive Medicine Associates&quot; /&gt;
*'''trísómacht''' (''trisomy'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“trísómacht.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 27, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/tr%C3%ADs%C3%B3macht/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál aineoplóideacht í an trísómacht. Sainmhínítear í mar cóip breise crómasóm i géanóm.&lt;ref name = &quot;Reproductive Medicine Associates&quot; /&gt;

==U==
*'''uathpholaplóideach''' (''autopolyploid'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“uathpholaplóideach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/uathpholapl%C3%B3ideach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál planda polaplóideach é planda uathpholaplóideach a chruthaítear trí géanóm amháin a dhúbailt. I bplandaí uathpholaplóideacha, tagann na crómasóm go léir ón speiceas céanna.&lt;ref&gt;Lefers, M. &amp; Holmgren Lab. (2004). autopolyploid. Hedgehog Signaling Glossary. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://groups.molbiosci.northwestern.edu/holmgren/Glossary/Definitions/Def-A/autopolyploid.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''ubhagán uachtarach''' (''superior ovary'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“ubhagán uachtarach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/ubhag%C3%A1n%20uachtarach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Tá ubhagán uachtarach suite os cionn an phointe ina bhfuil na seipil, na peitil agus na staimín ceangailte.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Trapa japonica floating seed in Yokotake, Kanzaki.jpg|thumb|left|100px|uiscescaipeadh síl]]
*'''uiscescaipeadh síl''' (''hydrochory'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“uiscescaipeadh síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/uiscescaipeadh%20s%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é uiscescaipeadh síl scaipeadh síolta trí uisce.&lt;ref name = &quot;Lewis, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''umbal''' (''umbel'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;umbal&quot;&gt;“umbal.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/umbal/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;{{Il-íomhánna
 | align = right
 | direction = horizontal
 | total_width = 180
 | header = 
 | image1 = Inflorescences Umbel Kwiatostan Baldach.svg
 | alt1 = 
 | caption1 = umbal
 | image2 = Inflorescences Umbel Kwiatostan BaldachZłożony.svg
 | alt2 = 
 | caption2 = umbal comhshuite
}}&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra craobhach é umbal. Bíonn bláthanna sa bláthra ina bhfuil na gasóga go léir ar an fhad céanna agus ag teacht ó phointe amháin.&lt;ref name = &quot;Nelson, 2012&quot;&gt;Nelson, R. C. (2012). The Description of Flowers. University of Rochester. Retrieved March 1, 2026, from https://www.cs.rochester.edu/u/nelson/wildflowers/glossaries/flowers/&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''umbal comhshuite''' (''compound umbel'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;umbal&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is cineál bláthra é umbal comhshuite ina n-eascraíonn roinnt umbal as aon phointe amháin.&lt;ref&gt;Inflorescences 15-Compound umbel. (n.d.). University of Illinois. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://www.life.illinois.edu/help/digitalflowers/Inflorescences/15.htm&lt;/ref&gt;

==X==
[[File:Decussate (PSF).png|thumb|left|100px|x-chruthach]]
*'''xantaifill''' (''xanthophyll'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“xantaifill.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/xantaifill/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is grúpa líocha caraitéanóideacha oráiste é xantaifill. Cosúil le caraitéin, cuidíonn xantaifill le fótaisintéis.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''x-chruthach''' (''decussate'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“x-chruthach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/x-chruthach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Ciallaíonn suíomh x-chruthach duilleoga go bhfuil péirí duilleoga socraithe ag uillinn 90° le péirí duilleoga cóngaracha thuas agus thíos. Tá na péirí trasnaithe i bhfoirm X.&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot; /&gt;
*'''xéirifíteach''' (''xerophytic'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“xéirifíteach.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/x%C3%A9irif%C3%ADteach/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Echinocactus grusonii flora cologne.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Is plandaí xéirifíteacha iad na cachtais.&lt;ref name = &quot;Duke University&quot;&gt;Xerophytes “Cactus-Like” collection. (n.d.). Duke University. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://liveplantcollections.biology.duke.edu/featured-collections/xeric&lt;/ref&gt;]]&lt;/br&gt;Tá plandaí xéirifíteacha oiriúnaithe do aeráid nó do ghnáthóg thirim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot; /&gt;
*'''xiléim''' (''xylem'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;xiléim&quot;&gt;“xiléim.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/xil%C3%A9im/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is fíochán lignithe é an xiléim atá freagrach as iompar uisce i bplandaí.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot;&gt;University of Florida, University of Kentucky, &amp; Texas A&amp;M University. (n.d.). Xylem. PropG. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://propg.ifas.ufl.edu/01-biology/02-cell-types/12-celltypes-xylem.html&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''xiléim phríomhúil''' (''primary xylem'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;xiléim&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is céim luath forbartha í an xiléim phríomhúil agus tá sé déanta as prótaixiléim agus meiteaxiléim.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;
*'''xiléim thánaisteach''' (''secondary xylem'' as Béarla)&lt;ref name = &quot;xiléim&quot; /&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Déantar an xiléim thánaisteach ón sraith chaimbiam. Tá sé freagrach as forbairt leataobhach agus fás adhmad.&lt;ref name = &quot;Xylem - PropG&quot; /&gt;

==Z==
[[File:Goral Girardinia diversifolia AJTJ.jpg|thumb|left|120px|zóscaipeadh síl]]
*'''zóscaipeadh síl''' (''zoochory'' as Béarla)&lt;ref&gt;“zóscaipeadh síl.” (n.d.). An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta Don Ghaeilge. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.tearma.ie/q/z%C3%B3scaipeadh%20s%C3%ADl/ga/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Is é zóscaipeadh síl scaipeadh síolta ag ainmhithe.&lt;ref name = &quot;Lewis, 2019&quot;&gt;Lewis, A. (2019, August 23). Seed dispersal: 5 ways trees spread seeds. Woodland Trust. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https://www.woodlandtrust.org.uk/blog/2019/08/seed-dispersal/&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tagairtí==
&lt;references&gt;
&lt;!-- Especially useful sources for definitions can be collected down here: --&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Glossary British Pteridological Society&quot;&gt;Glossary. (n.d.). British Pteridological Society. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://britishfernsociety.org.uk/Glossary/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Gray, 1875&quot;&gt;Gray,  Asa. (1875). [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/56536335 Botany for young people and common subjects : how plants grow : a simple introduction to structural botany : with popular flora, or an arrangement and description of common plants, both wild and cultivated : illustrated by 500 wood engravings.] Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Australia Glossary&quot;&gt;Government of South Australia. (n.d.). Flora of Australia Glossary. Flora of South Australia. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://flora.sa.gov.au/glossary/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Flora of Rwanda Glossary&quot;&gt;The Rwanda flora team. (2026). Flora of Rwanda: Glossary. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://www.rwandaflora.com/speciesdata/glossary.php&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Jessop et al., 2011&quot;&gt;Jessop, J.P., Toelken, H.R. &amp; Kellermann, J. (2011). [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344409776_Glossary_of_botanical_terms_version_1 Glossary of botanical terms (version 1).] In: Kellermann, J. (ed.), Flora of South Australia (ed. 5). 24 pp. (State Herbarium of South Australia: Adelaide). www.flora.sa.gov.au/ed5&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;UCMP, 2009&quot;&gt;UCMP Glossary: Botany. (2009). University of California Museum of Paleontology. Retrieved March 9, 2026, from https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/gloss8botany.html&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;vPlants&quot;&gt;Plant Glossary. (n.d.). vPlants: A Virtual Herbarium of the Chicago Region. Retrieved May 30, 2026, from https://vplants.org/portal/plants/glossary/index.php&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Bobrov &amp; Romanov, 2019&quot;&gt;&lt;!-- Definitions of fruit terminology --&gt;Bobrov, A. V. C., &amp; Romanov, M. S. (2019). [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23818107.2019.1663448 Morphogenesis of fruits and types of fruit of angiosperms.] Botany letters, 166(3), 366-399.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Hodgkiss, 2019&quot;&gt;Hodgkiss, R. J. (2019). Glossary of Botanical Terms. The Succulent Plant Page. Retrieved September 19, 2026, from https://succulent-plant.com/glossary/plantglossary.html&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Devlin, 2026&quot;&gt;Devlin, Z. (2026). Irish Wildflower Glossary. Wildflowers of Ireland. Retrieved September 20, 2026, from https://www.wildflowersofireland.net/glossary.php&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Algae of Australia Glossary&quot;&gt;Huisman, J. M., &amp; Entwisle, T. J. (2022). Algae of Australia Glossary. Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water. Retrieved September 26, 2026, from https://www.dcceew.gov.au/science-research/abrs/online-resources/glossaries/algae&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;LabXchange&quot;&gt;Harvard University &amp; Amgen Foundation. (2024, May 14). Glossary: Chromosome Variation. LabXchange. Retrieved September 28, 2026, from https://www.labxchange.org/library/items/lb:LabXchange:25aad058:html:1&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = &quot;Beentje, 2010&quot;&gt;Beentje, H. (2010). [https://staugorchidsociety.org/PDF/The-Kew-Plant-Glossary-an-Illustrated-Dictionary-of-Plant-Terms-by-Beentje-Henk-z-lib.org_.pdf The Kew Plant Glossary: An Illustrated Dictionary of Plant Terms.} Royal Botanic Gardens Kew.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/references&gt;</text>
      <sha1>m1x7m7jmi09k4851d1z0owub7upwmxu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Astaíochtaí gás ceaptha teasa de bharr talamhaíochta</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>128473</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328810</id>
      <parentid>1328718</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T20:53:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>47196</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>1328810</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11195" sha1="9g90scpwt09r92dkkqh03g8sly422uf" xml:space="preserve">[[Íomhá:Global greenhouse gas emissions from food production.png | mion | Is mar thoradh talmhaíochta é ceathrú de shárú d'astaíochtaí gás ceaptha teasa (sonraí ó 2019).&lt;ref name=owid202307 /&gt;]]

Cuireann '''astaíochtaí gás ceaptha teasa de bharr talamhaíochta''' idir 13% agus 21% le [[astaíochtaí gás ceaptha teasa]] domhanda.&lt;ref name=:0 /&gt;

I measc foinsí astaíochtaí, tá idir ''díreach'' (talmhaíocht [[rís]]e agus [[beostoc|beostoic]]&lt;ref name=vc2006 /&gt;) agus ''indíreach'' (amhail is glanadh[[foraois]]e&lt;ref name=hlpe2012 /&gt;&lt;ref name=Sarkodie2019 /&gt;).  Cuimsíonn [[ocsaíd nítriúil]] agus [[meatán]] níos mó ná leath desna gáis cheaptha teasa ginte ag talmhaíocht.&lt;ref name=FAO2020 /&gt;  I dteannta sin, caithfear a chur san áireamh ídiú [[breosla iontaise|bhreoslaí iontaise]] le haghaidh iompair agus táirgeadh [[Leasú (talmhaíocht)|leasaithe]].  Mar shampla, idir an [[próiseas process|déantús]] agus an úsáid leasachán nítrigine, déantar 5% d'astaíochtaí domhanda.&lt;ref name=sd2023 /&gt;  Tríd is tríd, is foinse mhór astaíochtaí é [[tionchar talmhaíochta ainmhithe ar an gcomhshaol|talmhaíocht bheostoic]]&lt;ref name=dte2022 /&gt;

Ag breathnú ar a gcórais díleá de, is féidir ainmhithe feirme a chur i ndá chatagóir ó thaobh ghás ceaptha teasa:
* [[monaghastrach]]: muc agus éanlaith chlóis, astaíochtaí ísle.&lt;ref name=strategies /&gt;&lt;ref name=owid202003 /&gt;
* [[athchogantach]]: eallach, astaíochtaí arda.

I dtuairisc a scríobhadh sa bhliain 2023, moltar straitéisí maolaithe, ina n-áirítear curaíocht caomhnaithe, beacht-talmhaíocht, úsáid uisce níos fearr, agus leathadh [[bithghualach|bithghualaigh]].&lt;ref name=Kumar2023 /&gt;

Is féidir bearta maoluithe sa chóras bia a roinn ina gceithre chatagóir:
* bainistiú an éilimh
* cosaintí éiceachóras
* ar feirme 
* sa [[slabhra soláthair]]

Ó thaobh éilimh de, caithfear [[cur amú bia]] a laghdú, agus [chothú bunaithe ar plandaí]], amhail is ionadaigh idir [[ionadach bainne|bainne]] agus [[ionadach feoil|feol]], a chur chun cinn.&lt;ref name=UNEP-2022 /&gt;  This could include  '' Tá taighde á dhéanamh chun astaíochtaí de bharr talmhaíochta beostoic a laghdú, san áireamh roghnú géiniteach,&lt;ref name=gc2019 /&gt;&lt;ref name=Airhart /&gt; [[meatánatrófach|methanotrophic bacteria]] a chur sa chogansach isteach,&lt;ref name=Jeyamalar2014 /&gt;&lt;ref name=Parmar2015 /&gt; vacsaíní,&lt;ref name=Hegde2025 /&gt; beathaí,&lt;ref name=guard2021 /&gt; athrú réim bia agus bainistiú inír.&lt;ref name=Boadi2004 /&gt;&lt;ref name=Martin2010 /&gt;&lt;ref name=Eckard2010 /&gt;

== Tagairtí ==
{{reflist | refs =

&lt;ref name=owid202307&gt;{{lua idirlín | teideal = Food production is responsible for one-quarter of the world's greenhouse gas emissions | url = https://ourworldindata.org/food-ghg-emissions | dátarochtana = 2023-07-20 | foilsitheoir = Our World in Data | dáta = 6 Samhain 2019 | sloinne = Ritchie | ainm = Hannah}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=:0&gt;{{cite book | chapter-url= https://ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg3/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGIII_Chapter07.pdf | chapter= Chapter 7: Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Uses (AFOLU) | title=Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change | display-authors= etal | last1= Nabuurs | first1=G-J. |last2= Mrabet | first2=R. | last3=Abu Hatab | first3=A. | last4=Bustamante | first4=M. | doi=10.1017/9781009157926.009 | page=750}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=vc2006&gt;{{cite book | url=http://www.virtualcentre.org/en/library/key_pub/longshad/A0701E00.pdf | title=Livestock's long shadow: environmental issues and options | authors=Steinfeld H, Gerber P, Wassenaar T, Castel V, Rosales M, de Haan C | date=2006 | publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN | isbn=978-92-5-105571-7 | url-status=usurped | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080625012113/http://www.virtualcentre.org/en/library/key_pub/longshad/A0701E00.pdf | archive-date=25 June 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=hlpe2012&gt;Section 4.2: Agriculture's current contribution to greenhouse gas emissions, in: {{cite book | author=HLPE | url=http://www.fao.org/cfs/cfs-hlpe/reports/hlpe-food-security-and-climate-change-report-elaboration-process/en/ | title=Food security and climate change. A report by the High Level Panel of Experts (HLPE) on Food Security and Nutrition of the Committee on World Food Security | date=June 2012 | publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations]] | location=An Roimh | pages=67–69 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141212075812/http://www.fao.org/cfs/cfs-hlpe/reports/hlpe-food-security-and-climate-change-report-elaboration-process/en/ | archive-date=12 December 2014}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141212075812/http://www.fao.org/cfs/cfs-hlpe/reports/hlpe-food-security-and-climate-change-report-elaboration-process/en/ |date=12 Nollaig 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=Sarkodie2019&gt;{{Cite journal | last1=Sarkodie | first1=Samuel A. | last2=Ntiamoah | first2=Evans B. | last3=Li | first3=Dongmei | date=2019 | title=Panel heterogeneous distribution analysis of trade and modernized agriculture on {{CO2}} emissions: The role of renewable and fossil fuel energy consumption | journal=Natural Resources Forum | language=en | volume=43 | issue=3 | pages=135–153 | doi=10.1111/1477-8947.12183 | issn=1477-8947 | doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=FAO2020&gt;{{cite report | url=https://www.fao.org/3/cb3808en/cb3808en.pdf | title=Emissions due to agriculture. Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018. | author=FAO | location=Rome | volume=18 | page=2 | issn=2709-0078 | year=2020 | series=FAOSTAT Analytical Brief Series}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=Kumar2023&gt;{{cite journal | last1=Kumar | first1=R. | last2=Singh | first2=R. | last3=Sharma | first3=R. | title=Greenhouse gases emission from agricultural soil: A review | journal=Environmental Advances | volume=13 | article-number=100040 | year=2023 | doi=10.1016/j.envadv.2023.100040 | doi-broken-date=1 July 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=sd2023&gt;{{lua idirlín | teideal = Carbon emissions from fertilizers could be reduced by as much as 80% by 2050 | url = https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/02/230209114736.htm | dátarochtana = 17 Feabhra 2023 | work = sciencedaily.com | foilsitheoir = University of Cambridge}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=dte2022&gt;{{lua idirlín | teideal = How livestock farming affects the environment | url = https://www.downtoearth.org.in/factsheet/how-livestock-farming-affects-the-environment-64218 | dátarochtana = 2022-02-10 | work = downtoearth.org.in | teanga = en | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20230130055211/https://www.downtoearth.org.in/factsheet/how-livestock-farming-affects-the-environment-64218 | archivedate = 2023-01-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=strategies&gt;{{Cite journal | last1=Friel | first1=Sharon | last2=Dangour | first2=Alan D. | last3=Garnett | first3=Tara | last4=Lock | first4=Karen | last5=Chalabi | first5=Zaid | last6=Roberts | first6=Ian | last7=Butler | first7=Ainslie | last8=Butler | first8=Colin D. | last9=Waage | first9=Jeff | last10=McMichael | first10=Anthony J. | last11=Haines | first11=Andy | display-authors=3 | year=2009 | title=Public health benefits of strategies to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions: food and agriculture | journal=The Lancet | volume=374 | issue=9706 | pages=2016–2025 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61753-0 | pmid=19942280 | s2cid=6318195}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=owid202003&gt;{{lua idirlín | teideal = The carbon footprint of foods: are differences explained by the impacts of methane? | url = https://ourworldindata.org/carbon-footprint-food-methane | dátarochtana = 2023-04-14 | foilsitheoir = Our World in Data | dáta = 10 Márta 2020 | sloinne = Ritchie | ainm = Hannah}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=UNEP-2022&gt;{{lua idirlín | dáta = 2022-10-21 | teideal = Emissions Gap Report 2022 | url = https://www.unep.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2022 | dátarochtana = 2026-09-08 | work = www.unep.org | teanga = en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=gc2019&gt;{{lua idirlín | teideal = Bovine Genomics | url = https://www.genomecanada.ca/en/programs/large-scale-science/past-competitions/strategic-initiatives/bovine-genomics | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190810023632/https://www.genomecanada.ca/en/programs/large-scale-science/past-competitions/strategic-initiatives/bovine-genomics | archive-date = 10 August 2019 | dátarochtana = 2 Lúnasa 2019 | work = genomecanada.ca | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190810023632/https://www.genomecanada.ca/en/programs/large-scale-science/past-competitions/strategic-initiatives/bovine-genomics | archivedate = 10 Lúnasa 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=Airhart&gt;{{cite magazine | last1=Airhart | first1=Ellen | title=Canada Is Using Genetics to Make Cows Less Gassy | url=https://www.wired.com/story/canada-is-using-genetics-to-make-cows-less-gassy/ | magazine=Wired | via=www.wired.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=Jeyamalar2014&gt;{{lua idirlín | teideal = The use of direct-fed microbials for mitigation of ruminant methane emissions: a review | url = https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01137190/document | sloinne = Jeyamalar | ainm = Jeyanathan | last2 = Martin | first2 = Cécile | last3 = Morgavi | first3 = Diego | dáta = 2014 | work = HAL | leathanach = 250-261 | foilsitheoir = Animal}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=Parmar2015&gt;{{cite journal | last1=Parmar | first1=N.R. | last2=Nirmal Kumar | first2=J.I. | last3=Joshi | first3=C.G. | year=2015 | title=Exploring diet-dependent shifts in methanogen and methanotroph diversity in the rumen of Mehsani buffalo by a metagenomics approach | journal=Frontiers in Life Science | volume=8 | issue=4 | pages=371–378 | doi=10.1080/21553769.2015.1063550 | s2cid=89217740}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=Hegde2025&gt;{{lua idirlín | sloinne = Hegde | ainm = Swati | dáta = 2025-03-11 | teideal = From Better Breeding to Cow-Burp Vaccines, Emerging Solutions Could Curb Agricultural Emissions | url = https://www.ccacoalition.org/news/better-breeding-cow-burp-vaccines-emerging-solutions-could-curb-agricultural-emissions | dátarochtana = 2026-09-08 | = ccacoalition.org | teanga = en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=guard2021&gt;{{cite news | dáta = 30 Meán Fómhair 2021 | teideal = Kowbucha, seaweed, vaccines: the race to reduce cows' methane emissions | url = https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/sep/30/cow-methane-emissions-reduce-seaweed-kowbucha | dátarochtana = 1 Nollaig 2021 | foilsitheoir = The Guardian | teanga = en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=Boadi2004&gt;{{cite journal | last1=Boadi | first1=D. | year=2004 | title=Mitigation strategies to reduce enteric methane emissions from dairy cows: Update review | journal=Can. J. Anim. Sci. | volume=84 | issue=3 | pages=319–335 | doi=10.4141/a03-109 | doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=Martin2010&gt;Martin, C. et al. 2010. Methane mitigation in ruminants: from microbe to the farm scale. ''Animal'' 4: pp. 351-365.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=Eckard2010&gt;{{cite journal | last1=Eckard | first1=R. J. | display-authors=etal | year=2010 | title=Options for the abatement of methane and nitrous oxide from ruminant production: A review | journal=Livestock Science | volume=130 | issue=1–3 | pages=47–56 | doi=10.1016/j.livsci.2010.02.010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

[[Catagóir:Astaíochtaí gás ceaptha teasa]]</text>
      <sha1>9g90scpwt09r92dkkqh03g8sly422uf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cónocht an fhómhair</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>128475</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328815</id>
      <parentid>1328750</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T22:54:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>TGcoa</username>
        <id>21229</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1328815</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4146" sha1="tsvkludk5xhzud0veiphahlgcmfxn6l" xml:space="preserve">[[Íomhá:Cairn T - Autumn Equinox.JPG|mion|220px|Carn T ag [[Loch Craobh]], [[Contae na Mí]], 21 Meán Fómhair 2014]]
Tarlaíonn '''cónocht an fhómhair''' idir an 21 agus an 24 [[Meán Fómhair]] gach bliain,&lt;ref name=&quot;enSept&quot;&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_equinox|teideal=September equinox|work=Wikipedia|language=en|dátarochtana=2026-09-28}}&lt;/ref&gt; níos mó ná leath bealaigh tríd an [[Fómhar|bhfómhar]], a thosaíonn i dtús mhí Lúnasa agus a chríochnaíonn ag deireadh mhí Dheireadh Fómhair. Bíonn [[cónocht]] ann nuair a bhíonn lár na gréine díreach os cionn an [[Meánchiorcal|mheánchiorcail]]. Ag an tráth sin, bíonn fad an lae agus fad na hoíche beagnach cothrom ar fud an domhain.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://xn--anpipar-jwa8e.ie/2026/09/leamhthuiscint-conocht-an-fhomhair/|teideal=Léamhthuiscint: Cónocht an fhómhair|údar=Cathal Ó Murchú|dáta=2026-09-25|language=ga-IE|work=An Páipéar|dátarochtana=2026-09-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== In Éirinn ==
Tá tábhacht chultúrtha agus stairiúil ag baint leis an gcónocht in Éirinn leis na mílte bliain. Sular tháinig an teicneolaíocht nua-aimseartha, bhí saol na ndaoine ag brath go mór ar thimthriallta an nádúir. Ba é cónocht an fhómhair an comhartha go raibh sé in am an chuid dheireanach den fhómhar a bhaint, na torthaí a stóráil don gheimhreadh agus ullmhú do na míonna fada dorcha a bhí rompu. Ba thráth é freisin le buíochas a ghabháil as an mbia a d'fhás i rith an tsamhraidh.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Léiríonn seandálaíocht na hÉireann go raibh tuiscint mhaith ag ár sinsir ar an [[réalteolaíocht]]. Ag [[Loch Craobh]] ar [[Sliabh na Caillí|Shliabh na Caillí]] i g[[Contae na Mí]], mar shampla, tógadh Carn T sa ré Neoiliteach sa chaoi go mbeadh sé ailínithe le héirí na gréine ar maidin lá an chónochta.&lt;ref name=&quot;enLoughcrew&quot;&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loughcrew|teideal=Loughcrew|work=Wikipedia|language=en|dátarochtana=2026-09-28}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ar an maidin sin, soilsíonn gathanna na gréine an seomra laistigh den charn agus lonraíonn siad ar na clocha greanta atá i bhfolach sa dorchadas. Is iontach an léiriú é seo ar an gceangal domhain a bhí ag muintir na hÉireann leis an gcosmas. Sa lá atá inniu ann, is comhartha é an cónocht go bhfuil an timpeallacht ag athrú: tosaíonn na duilleoga ag athrú datha, éiríonn an t-aer níos fuaire, agus bíonn an dúlra ag ullmhú don gheimhreadh.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Réalteolaíocht ==
Ag cónocht an fhómhair, trasnaíonn an ghrian an [[meánchiorcal neamhaí]] agus í ag dul ó dheas. Is é sin tús an fhómhair réalteolaíoch sa [[An leathsféar thuaidh|leathsféar thuaidh]] agus tús an earraigh sa [[An leathsféar theas|leathsféar theas]].&lt;ref name=&quot;enSept&quot; /&gt; Ón lá sin go dtí [[cónocht an earraigh]] i mí an Mhárta, bíonn na hoícheanta níos faide ná na laethanta sa leathsféar thuaidh.&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://earthsky.org/astronomy-essentials/everything-you-need-to-know-september-equinox/|teideal=2026 September equinox: All you need to know|work=EarthSky|language=en|dátarochtana=2026-09-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní bhíonn an lá agus an oíche díreach chomh fada lena chéile ar lá an chónochta féin, áfach.  In Éirinn, is cúpla lá i ndiaidh an chónochta a bhíonn siad chomh fada lena chéile.&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equinox|teideal=Equinox|work=Wikipedia|language=en|dátarochtana=2026-09-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Is é is cúis leis sin go lúbann an t-[[atmaisféar]] solas na gréine ([[athraonadh]]), agus go dtosaíonn an lá chomh luath is a fheictear imeall na gréine, seachas a lár.

== Féach freisin ==

* [[Cónocht]]
* [[Cónocht an earraigh]]
* [[Grianstad]]
* [[Loch Craobh]]
* [[Fómhar]]

== Tagairtí ==
{{reflist}}
[[Catagóir:Cónocht an earraigh]]
[[Catagóir:Cónocht an fhómhair]]
[[Catagóir:Béaloideas na hÉireann]]
[[Catagóir:Réalteolaíocht sféarúil]]
[[Catagóir:Teagmhais réalteolaíocha an Ghrianchórais]]
[[Catagóir:Meán Fómhair]]
[[Catagóir:Fómhar]]
[[Catagóir:Féilire]]
[[Catagóir:Séasúir]]</text>
      <sha1>tsvkludk5xhzud0veiphahlgcmfxn6l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Nitrogen</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>128479</id>
    <redirect title="Nítrigin" />
    <revision>
      <id>1328798</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T13:07:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Conan Wolff</username>
        <id>51812</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ag athdhíriú go [[Nítrigin]]</comment>
      <origin>1328798</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="22" sha1="t3pfbwfv6abnffyovgw3m9ac5oigare" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT[[Nítrigin]]</text>
      <sha1>t3pfbwfv6abnffyovgw3m9ac5oigare</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Hydrogen</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>128480</id>
    <redirect title="Hidrigin" />
    <revision>
      <id>1328799</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T13:08:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Conan Wolff</username>
        <id>51812</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ag athdhíriú go [[Hidrigin]]</comment>
      <origin>1328799</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21" sha1="otvg3f460bhvhewnjh1udyl5xxet3fr" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT[[Hidrigin]]</text>
      <sha1>otvg3f460bhvhewnjh1udyl5xxet3fr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Compos mentis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>128481</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1328819</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T23:56:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>TGcoa</username>
        <id>21229</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Leathanach cruthaithe le 'Téarma Laidine is ea ''compos mentis'' a chiallaíonn “dea-mheon”. Is compos mentis é duine fásta nuair a bhíonn an cumas aige nó aici cinntí dlí a dhéanamh.  == Féach freisin ==  == Tagairtí == {{reflist}}{{síol}} [[Catagóir:Téarmaí dlí]] [[Catagóir:Téarmaí dlíthiúla na Laidine]]'</comment>
      <origin>1328819</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="305" sha1="8nbczlvofyiw5h8v58i62gchfarrvi5" xml:space="preserve">Téarma Laidine is ea ''compos mentis'' a chiallaíonn “dea-mheon”. Is compos mentis é duine fásta nuair a bhíonn an cumas aige nó aici cinntí dlí a dhéanamh.

== Féach freisin ==

== Tagairtí ==
{{reflist}}{{síol}}
[[Catagóir:Téarmaí dlí]]
[[Catagóir:Téarmaí dlíthiúla na Laidine]]</text>
      <sha1>8nbczlvofyiw5h8v58i62gchfarrvi5</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1328820</id>
      <parentid>1328819</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T23:56:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>TGcoa</username>
        <id>21229</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Bhog TGcoa an leathanach [[Non compos mentis]] go [[Compos mentis]]</comment>
      <origin>1328819</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="305" sha1="8nbczlvofyiw5h8v58i62gchfarrvi5" xml:space="preserve">Téarma Laidine is ea ''compos mentis'' a chiallaíonn “dea-mheon”. Is compos mentis é duine fásta nuair a bhíonn an cumas aige nó aici cinntí dlí a dhéanamh.

== Féach freisin ==

== Tagairtí ==
{{reflist}}{{síol}}
[[Catagóir:Téarmaí dlí]]
[[Catagóir:Téarmaí dlíthiúla na Laidine]]</text>
      <sha1>8nbczlvofyiw5h8v58i62gchfarrvi5</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1328822</id>
      <parentid>1328820</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T23:59:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>TGcoa</username>
        <id>21229</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1328822</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="557" sha1="a96ilam66mgkej008sgmmfzvhu81qxj" xml:space="preserve">[[Íomhá:Non compos mentis- or, the law relating to natural fools, ... 1700 (IA bim early-english-books-1641-1700 non-compos-mentis-or-t brydall-john 1700).pdf|mion|&quot;Non compos mentis&quot;, téacsleabhar foilsithe sa bhliain 1700]]
{{teideal iodálach}}

Téarma Laidine is ea ''compos mentis'' a chiallaíonn “dea-mheon”. Is compos mentis é duine fásta nuair a bhíonn an cumas aige nó aici cinntí dlí a dhéanamh.

== Féach freisin ==

== Tagairtí ==
{{reflist}}{{síol}}
[[Catagóir:Téarmaí dlí]]
[[Catagóir:Téarmaí dlíthiúla na Laidine]]</text>
      <sha1>a96ilam66mgkej008sgmmfzvhu81qxj</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1328823</id>
      <parentid>1328822</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-28T00:01:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>TGcoa</username>
        <id>21229</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1328823</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="883" sha1="imjy5f03jr906kv7x1f03nkxwi17ns4" xml:space="preserve">[[Íomhá:Non compos mentis- or, the law relating to natural fools, ... 1700 (IA bim early-english-books-1641-1700 non-compos-mentis-or-t brydall-john 1700).pdf|mion|&quot;Non compos mentis&quot;, téacsleabhar foilsithe sa bhliain 1700]]
{{teideal iodálach}}

Téarma Laidine is ea ''compos mentis'' a chiallaíonn “dea-mheon”. Is compos mentis é duine fásta nuair a bhíonn an cumas aige nó aici cinntí dlí a dhéanamh.&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.citizensinformation.ie/ga/justice/legal-terms-explained/#l025e0|teideal=Téarmaí dlíthiúla mínithe|údar=Citizensinformation.ie|language=ga-IE|work=www.citizensinformation.ie|foilsitheoir=Citizensinformation.ie|dátarochtana=2026-09-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Féach freisin ==

== Tagairtí ==
{{reflist}}{{síol}}
[[Catagóir:Téarmaí dlí]]
[[Catagóir:Téarmaí dlíthiúla na Laidine]]
[[Catagóir:Focail agus frásaí Laidine]]</text>
      <sha1>imjy5f03jr906kv7x1f03nkxwi17ns4</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1328824</id>
      <parentid>1328823</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-28T00:03:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>TGcoa</username>
        <id>21229</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1328824</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="938" sha1="qakwy9wamh58vxgu7fuyh2u0m5s3jq7" xml:space="preserve">[[Íomhá:Non compos mentis- or, the law relating to natural fools, ... 1700 (IA bim early-english-books-1641-1700 non-compos-mentis-or-t brydall-john 1700).pdf|mion|&quot;Non compos mentis&quot;, téacsleabhar foilsithe sa bhliain 1700]]
{{teideal iodálach}}

Téarma Laidine is ea ''compos mentis'' a chiallaíonn “dea-mheon”. Is compos mentis é duine fásta nuair a bhíonn an cumas aige nó aici cinntí dlí a dhéanamh.&lt;ref&gt;{{Lua idirlín|url=https://www.citizensinformation.ie/ga/justice/legal-terms-explained/#l025e0|teideal=Téarmaí dlíthiúla mínithe|údar=Citizensinformation.ie|language=ga-IE|work=www.citizensinformation.ie|foilsitheoir=Citizensinformation.ie|dátarochtana=2026-09-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Féach freisin ==

* [[Téarmaíocht]]

== Tagairtí ==
{{reflist}}{{síol}}
[[Catagóir:Téarmaí dlí]]
[[Catagóir:Téarmaí dlíthiúla na Laidine]]
[[Catagóir:Focail agus frásaí Laidine]]
[[Catagóir:Sláinte mheabhrach]]</text>
      <sha1>qakwy9wamh58vxgu7fuyh2u0m5s3jq7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Non compos mentis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>128482</id>
    <redirect title="Compos mentis" />
    <revision>
      <id>1328821</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-27T23:56:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>TGcoa</username>
        <id>21229</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Bhog TGcoa an leathanach [[Non compos mentis]] go [[Compos mentis]]</comment>
      <origin>1328821</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="30" sha1="jt7wv25ztgefszl9l3yiu8z2eja5hp7" xml:space="preserve">#athsheoladh [[Compos mentis]]</text>
      <sha1>jt7wv25ztgefszl9l3yiu8z2eja5hp7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
</mediawiki>