Wikipedia gotwiki https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8D%89%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B4%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%86%F0%90%8D%83 MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.13 first-letter Media Special Talk 𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰 Wikipedia 𐌸𐌹𐍃 Wikipedia 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰 𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰 𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰 MediaWiki MediaWiki talk 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰 𐌷𐌹𐌻𐍀𐌰 𐌷𐌹𐌻𐍀𐍉𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰 𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰 𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐍉𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰 TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 1 3959 49434 37008 2026-08-02T19:33:43Z Eiliv 10999 /* Gendered surnames in accordance to Slavic (and Baltic) practice */ new section 49434 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Namna menoþe== Ik brukja her lateiniska namna þize menoþe. Duhwe? Duþe brukjam aljaleika namna jah ni sind standahardjus. /[[User:Gadrauhts|Gadrauhts]] 09:54, 20 𐌰𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌼𐌴𐌽𐍉𐌸𐍃 2011 (UTC) :[[𐌾𐌴𐍂]] This is the translation of the admins. [[User:Zylbath|Liufos goleineis, Zylbath]] 08:48, 21 𐌰𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌼𐌴𐌽𐍉𐌸𐍃 2011 (UTC) :: OK, I can change so we use these names in the article in stead. I will just add that I do not concur with these names, fully. [[User:Gadrauhts|Gadrauhts]] 15:31, 21 𐌰𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌼𐌴𐌽𐍉𐌸𐍃 2011 (UTC) :::Do you have other proposals? I would thank you them, I don't also agree totally with them. [[User:Zylbath|Zylbath]] 11:10, 14 𐌰𐍆𐍄𐌿𐌼𐌰 𐌾𐌹𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍃 2012 (UTC) :::: My suggestions are: * January – Wintrumenoþs * February – Snaiwimenoþs * March – Laggateins * April – Grasamenoþs * May – Winimenoþs * June – Sunnamenoþs * July – Hawimenoþs * August – Asanimenoþs * September – Harbistamenoþs * October – Wintrufulliþs * November – Fruma Jiuleis * December – Afar Jiuleis :::: /[[User:Gadrauhts|Gadrauhts]] 11:41, 14 𐌰𐍆𐍄𐌿𐌼𐌰 𐌾𐌹𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍃 2012 (UTC) :::::Okay, thank you. Do you have any sources for that? [[User:Zylbath|Zylbath]] 13:24, 14 𐌰𐍆𐍄𐌿𐌼𐌰 𐌾𐌹𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍃 2012 (UTC) == Gendered surnames in accordance to Slavic (and Baltic) practice == Reading the old discussion at [[Talk:𐌴𐌼𐌴𐌹 𐍅𐌰𐌾𐌽𐌷𐌰𐍅𐍃]], I became aware that this article used to have the masculine ''Leneins'' in place of the current ''Lenein''. Obviously, it changed at some point, along with his first name ''Waldamers'', but I would suggest a compromise: Leave the name as is, but add the masculine nominative suffix. This is what they do in Latvian (''[[w:lv:Vladimirs Ļeņins|Vladimirs Ļeņins]]''), amongst other languages. Even in Russian, the common pracice is to use a separate version with ''-a'' for women (cf. Putin's ex-wife, ''Lyudmila Putina''), though they lack a correponding suffix for men. Since Gothic has quite the similar morphology in this regard, I think it is something to use here as well. [[𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃:Eiliv|𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍆𐍃]] ([[𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰:Eiliv|𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰]]) 19:33, 2 𐌰𐌲𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌿𐍃 2026 (UTC) ajpzw6bvsujndrk4nldq0q4wwrz3qn7 49438 49434 2026-08-03T07:03:20Z Zylbath 2266 /* Gendered surnames in accordance to Slavic (and Baltic) practice */ 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌷𐌰𐍆𐍄𐍃 49438 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Namna menoþe== Ik brukja her lateiniska namna þize menoþe. Duhwe? Duþe brukjam aljaleika namna jah ni sind standahardjus. /[[User:Gadrauhts|Gadrauhts]] 09:54, 20 𐌰𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌼𐌴𐌽𐍉𐌸𐍃 2011 (UTC) :[[𐌾𐌴𐍂]] This is the translation of the admins. [[User:Zylbath|Liufos goleineis, Zylbath]] 08:48, 21 𐌰𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌼𐌴𐌽𐍉𐌸𐍃 2011 (UTC) :: OK, I can change so we use these names in the article in stead. I will just add that I do not concur with these names, fully. [[User:Gadrauhts|Gadrauhts]] 15:31, 21 𐌰𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌼𐌴𐌽𐍉𐌸𐍃 2011 (UTC) :::Do you have other proposals? I would thank you them, I don't also agree totally with them. [[User:Zylbath|Zylbath]] 11:10, 14 𐌰𐍆𐍄𐌿𐌼𐌰 𐌾𐌹𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍃 2012 (UTC) :::: My suggestions are: * January – Wintrumenoþs * February – Snaiwimenoþs * March – Laggateins * April – Grasamenoþs * May – Winimenoþs * June – Sunnamenoþs * July – Hawimenoþs * August – Asanimenoþs * September – Harbistamenoþs * October – Wintrufulliþs * November – Fruma Jiuleis * December – Afar Jiuleis :::: /[[User:Gadrauhts|Gadrauhts]] 11:41, 14 𐌰𐍆𐍄𐌿𐌼𐌰 𐌾𐌹𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍃 2012 (UTC) :::::Okay, thank you. Do you have any sources for that? [[User:Zylbath|Zylbath]] 13:24, 14 𐌰𐍆𐍄𐌿𐌼𐌰 𐌾𐌹𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍃 2012 (UTC) == Gendered surnames in accordance to Slavic (and Baltic) practice == Reading the old discussion at [[Talk:𐌴𐌼𐌴𐌹 𐍅𐌰𐌾𐌽𐌷𐌰𐍅𐍃]], I became aware that this article used to have the masculine ''Leneins'' in place of the current ''Lenein''. Obviously, it changed at some point, along with his first name ''Waldamers'', but I would suggest a compromise: Leave the name as is, but add the masculine nominative suffix. This is what they do in Latvian (''[[w:lv:Vladimirs Ļeņins|Vladimirs Ļeņins]]''), amongst other languages. Even in Russian, the common pracice is to use a separate version with ''-a'' for women (cf. Putin's ex-wife, ''Lyudmila Putina''), though they lack a correponding suffix for men. Since Gothic has quite the similar morphology in this regard, I think it is something to use here as well. [[𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃:Eiliv|𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍆𐍃]] ([[𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰:Eiliv|𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰]]) 19:33, 2 𐌰𐌲𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌿𐍃 2026 (UTC) :I would agree, that it should be the same practice, that names keep their case endings. It seems that Bokareis has moved it, but it should keep the nominative -s. [[𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃:Zylbath|Kevin Behrens]] ([[𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰:Zylbath|𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰]]) 07:03, 3 𐌰𐌲𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌿𐍃 2026 (UTC) 8r3vbrscw026hmcskg4c2sna3yd2kmu 0 4467 49429 46845 2026-08-02T17:37:24Z Eiliv 10999 Eiliv 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆 [[𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃]] 𐌳𐌿 [[𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃]] 46845 wikitext text/x-wiki [[𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰:Paris-Sacré-Cœur-102-2017-gje.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃]] '''𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃''' ([[𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰]]: '''''Paris''''') 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 [[𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳|𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰]]. 𐌹𐍄𐌰 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂 𐌸𐍉 [[𐌰𐌹𐌾𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌻 𐌺𐌴𐌻𐌹𐌺𐌽]] 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌽𐌴𐍈𐌰 𐌰𐍈𐌰𐌹 "[[𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌽]]". 𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌹𐍃 𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌹𐍃. 𐌽𐌰𐌼𐍉 𐌹𐍃 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌿𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌰𐌹 𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌴 (𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰: 𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌾𐍉𐍃). [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] cmba7lukhdcqbqw0dzjkkhmwq7240pm 49433 49429 2026-08-02T17:43:12Z Eiliv 10999 49433 wikitext text/x-wiki [[𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰:Paris-Sacré-Cœur-102-2017-gje.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃]] '''𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃''' ([[𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰]]: ''Paris'') 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 [[𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳|𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰]]. 𐌹𐍄𐌰 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂 𐌸𐍉 [[𐌰𐌹𐌾𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌻 𐌺𐌴𐌻𐌹𐌺𐌽]] 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌽𐌴𐍈𐌰 𐌰𐍈𐌰𐌹 "[[𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌽]]". 𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌹𐍃 𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃𐌹𐍃. 𐌽𐌰𐌼𐍉 𐌹𐍃 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌿𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌰𐌹 𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌴 (𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰: 𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌾𐍉𐍃). [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] nwqvy94zsqe0yjvivh45gpqysiblnsa 1 4470 49431 27087 2026-08-02T17:37:24Z Eiliv 10999 Eiliv 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆 [[Talk:𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃]] 𐌳𐌿 [[Talk:𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃]] 27087 wikitext text/x-wiki Please write something more, otherwise I have to delete this article because it is too short. [[User:Zylbath|Zylbath]] ([[User talk:Zylbath|talk]]) 22:55, 25 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌼𐌴𐌽𐍉𐌸𐍃 2012 (UTC) 9fq3ncv4fzu0xewl7n3kprrwpebtqpi 3 4822 49424 49402 2026-08-02T14:21:36Z Pathoschild 147 global user pages ([[m:Synchbot|requested by Revi C.]]) 49424 wikitext text/x-wiki __NOINDEX__<div class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">[[File:Revi logo (pink).png|thumb|center|<span style="color:red">PLEASE DO NOT LEAVE MESSAGE HERE!</span>]] '''<span style="color:red"> BEFORE YOU BLOCK MY ACCOUNT: IF MY EDIT SUMMARY INCLUDE PREFIX </span>''(Script)''<span style="color:red">, DON'T BLOCK ME, JUST TELL ME TO SLOW DOWN AT COMMONS' TALK PAGE. 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Messages left on this page may be reverted or moved without any response.</div> 5b8qtz4dnjnrhc9ts3mku14m3gujbq8 10 5339 49423 49401 2026-08-02T13:35:29Z Eiliv 10999 49423 wikitext text/x-wiki <div class="NavFrame"|open > <div class="NavHead" style="font-size:130%; background:#ccccff" align="center" width="100%">'''[[𐌸𐍉 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌳𐍉𐌽𐌰 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌾𐌰]]'''</div> <div class="NavContent"> {| | align="center" style="font-size: 110%;"| [[𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌼𐌰]] | ([[𐌼𐌰𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌲𐌰𐌿𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌴𐌹]]) | [[𐌰𐌻𐌰𐍃𐌺𐌰]] | ([[𐌾𐌿𐌽𐍉]]) | [[𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌶𐍉𐌽𐌰]] | ([[𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌺𐍃]]) | [[𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰𐍅]] | ([[𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍄𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]]) | [[𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌹𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌾𐌰]] | ([[𐍃𐌰𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍄𐍉]]) | [[𐌺𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰𐌳𐍉]] | ([[𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂]]) | [[𐌺𐌰𐌿𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌰𐍄]] | ([[𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍄𐌰𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃]]) | [[𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂]] | ([[𐌳𐌿𐌱𐍂𐍉𐍃, 𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂|𐌳𐌿𐌱𐍂𐍉𐍃]]) | [[𐍆𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌹𐌳𐌰]] | ([[𐍄𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌷𐌰𐍃𐍃𐌹]]) | [[𐌲𐌴𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰]] | ([[𐌰𐍄𐌻𐌰𐌽𐍄𐌰]]) | [[𐌷𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌾𐌴𐌹]] | ([[𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌿𐌻𐌿]]) | [[𐌷𐌻𐌿𐌳𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳]] | ([[𐌱𐌰𐍄𐍉𐌽 𐍂𐌿𐌲]]) | [[𐌰𐌾𐌳𐌰𐌷𐍉]] | ([[𐌱𐍉𐌾𐌶𐌹]]) | [[𐌹𐌻𐌻𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌾]] | ([[𐍃𐍀𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐌰𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌸𐌿𐍃]]) | [[𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌰𐌽𐌰]] | ([[𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍀𐍉𐌻𐌹𐍃]]) | [[𐌰𐌾𐍉𐍅𐌰]] | ([[𐌳𐌴 𐌼𐍅𐌰𐌽]]) | [[𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌶𐌰𐍃]] | ([[𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍀𐌴𐌺𐌰]]) | [[𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍄𐌰𐌺𐌴𐌹]] | ([[𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌺𐌰𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃]]) | [[𐌼𐌴𐌽]] | ([[𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰, 𐌼𐌴𐌽|𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰]]) | [[𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳]] | ([[𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]]) | [[𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃𐌹𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃]] | ([[𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌽]]) | [[𐌼𐌹𐍃𐌾𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌹𐌽]] | ([[𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌲]]) | [[𐌼𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍉𐍄𐌰]] | ([[𐍃𐌴𐌽𐍄 𐍀𐌰𐌿𐌻]]) | [[𐌼𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌹𐍀𐍀𐌴𐌹]] | ([[𐌳𐌹𐌰𐌹𐌺𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌽]]) | [[𐌼𐌹𐌶𐌿𐍂𐌴𐌹]] | ([[𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌰𐌹𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌽 𐍃𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹]]) | [[𐌼𐌰𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌰]] | ([[𐌷𐌴𐌻𐌴𐌽𐌰]]) | [[𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌱𐍂𐌰𐍃𐌺𐌰]] | ([[𐌻𐌹𐌽𐌺𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌽, 𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌱𐍂𐌰𐍃𐌺𐌰|𐌻𐌹𐌽𐌺𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌽]]) | [[𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌰]] | ([[𐌺𐌰𐍂𐍃𐍉𐌽 𐍃𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹]]) | [[𐌽𐌹𐌿 𐌷𐌰𐌼𐍀𐍃𐌾𐌹𐍂]] | ([[𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌺𐍉𐍂𐌳, 𐌽𐌹𐌿 𐌷𐌰𐌼𐍀𐍃𐌾𐌹𐍂|𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌺𐍉𐍂𐌳]]) | [[𐌽𐌹𐌿 𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍃𐌴𐌹]] | ([[𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌽]]) | [[𐌽𐌹𐌿 𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌺𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍉]] | ([[𐍃𐌰𐌽𐍄𐌰 𐍆𐌴]]) | [[𐌽𐌹𐌿 𐌹𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺]] | ([[𐌰𐌻𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌴𐌹, 𐌽𐌹𐌿 𐌹𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺|𐌰𐌻𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌴𐌹]]) | [[𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐌰 𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌾𐌽𐌰]] | ([[𐍂𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹]]) | [[𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐌰 𐌳𐌰𐌺𐍉𐍄𐌰]] | ([[𐌱𐌹𐍃𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺, 𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐌰 𐌳𐌰𐌺𐍉𐍄𐌰|𐌱𐌹𐍃𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺]]) | [[𐍉𐌷𐌰𐌾𐍉]] | ([[𐌺𐍉𐌻𐌿𐌼𐌱𐌿𐍃, 𐍉𐌷𐌰𐌾𐍉|𐌺𐍉𐌻𐌿𐌼𐌱𐌿𐍃]]) | [[𐍉𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌷𐍉𐌼𐌰]] | ([[𐍉𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌷𐍉𐌼𐌰 𐍃𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹]]) | [[𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌿𐌽]] | ([[𐍃𐌴𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌼, 𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌿𐌽|𐍃𐌴𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌼]]) | [[𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌱𐌴𐌽𐌾𐌰]] | ([[𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]]) | [[𐍂𐌷𐍉𐌳 𐌰𐌾𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳]] | ([[𐍀𐍂𐍉𐍆𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃]]) | [[𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍂𐌰 𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌾𐌽𐌰]] | ([[𐌺𐍉𐌻𐌿𐌼𐌱𐌹𐌰, 𐍃𐌿𐌿𐌸𐍂𐌰 𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌾𐌽𐌰|𐌺𐍉𐌻𐌿𐌼𐌱𐌹𐌰]]) | [[𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍂𐌰 𐌳𐌰𐌺𐍉𐍄𐌰]] | ([[𐍀𐌴𐌹𐌰𐌹𐍂]]) | [[𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌴𐌹]] | ([[𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌾𐌱𐌹𐌻]]) | [[𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌺𐍃𐌰𐍃]] | ([[𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌽]]) | [[𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰]] | ([[𐍃𐌰𐌻𐍄 𐌻𐌴𐌺 𐍃𐌹𐍄𐌹𐌴]]) | [[𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌿𐌽𐍄]] | ([[𐌼𐍉𐌽𐍄𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌴]]) | [[𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰]] | ([[𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌾𐌼𐌰𐌿𐌽𐌳]]) | [[𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌾𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌽]] | ([[𐍉𐌻𐌹𐌼𐍀𐌾𐌰]]) | [[𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰 𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰]] | ([[𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌰𐍂𐌻𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌽, 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰 𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰|𐍃𐌾𐌰𐍂𐌻𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌽]]) | [[𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌿𐌽𐍃𐌹𐌽]] | ([[𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌽]]) | [[𐍅𐌰𐌾𐍉𐌼𐌹𐌲𐌲]] | ([[𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽]]) | [[𐍅𐌰𐍃𐌾𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌽, 𐌳.𐍁.]] |}<noinclude> [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰]]</noinclude> </div> </div> ae5uzz7v437i8u0o27zmreo51a3mxlq 0 6538 49409 41406 2026-08-02T13:23:05Z Eiliv 10999 49409 wikitext text/x-wiki [[𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰:Flag_of_Louisiana.svg|thumb|]] [[𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰:Louisiana_in_United_States.svg|thumb|𐌻𐌿𐌴𐌹𐍃𐌹𐌰𐌽𐌰]] '''𐌷𐌻𐌿𐌳𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' 𐌸𐌰𐌷 '''𐌻𐌿𐌶𐌹𐌰𐌽𐌰''' / '''𐌻𐌿𐌹𐌶𐌾𐌰𐌽''' ([[𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰|𐌰𐌲𐌲.]]: ''Louisiana'', [[𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰|𐍆𐍂𐌰.]]: ''Louisiane'') 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹 𐌹𐌽 [[𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰|𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹]]. 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 𐌹𐍃𐍄 [[𐌱𐌰𐍄𐍉𐌽 𐍂𐌿𐌲]]. {{𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰}} [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰]] [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌾𐌰 𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌾𐌹𐍃]] a5n91v48afjhfcw1ttoyoz1zxkec1ut 49410 49409 2026-08-02T13:23:19Z Eiliv 10999 Eiliv 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆 [[𐌻𐌿𐌴𐌹𐌶𐌴𐌹𐌰𐌽𐌰]] 𐌳𐌿 [[𐌷𐌻𐌿𐌳𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳]] 49409 wikitext text/x-wiki [[𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰:Flag_of_Louisiana.svg|thumb|]] [[𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰:Louisiana_in_United_States.svg|thumb|𐌻𐌿𐌴𐌹𐍃𐌹𐌰𐌽𐌰]] '''𐌷𐌻𐌿𐌳𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' 𐌸𐌰𐌷 '''𐌻𐌿𐌶𐌹𐌰𐌽𐌰''' / '''𐌻𐌿𐌹𐌶𐌾𐌰𐌽''' ([[𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰|𐌰𐌲𐌲.]]: ''Louisiana'', [[𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰|𐍆𐍂𐌰.]]: ''Louisiane'') 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹 𐌹𐌽 [[𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰|𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹]]. 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 𐌹𐍃𐍄 [[𐌱𐌰𐍄𐍉𐌽 𐍂𐌿𐌲]]. {{𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰}} [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰]] [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌾𐌰 𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌾𐌹𐍃]] a5n91v48afjhfcw1ttoyoz1zxkec1ut 49412 49410 2026-08-02T13:23:34Z Eiliv 10999 49412 wikitext text/x-wiki [[𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰:Flag_of_Louisiana.svg|thumb|]] [[𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰:Louisiana_in_United_States.svg|thumb|𐌷𐌻𐌿𐌳𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳]] '''𐌷𐌻𐌿𐌳𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' 𐌸𐌰𐌷 '''𐌻𐌿𐌶𐌹𐌰𐌽𐌰''' / '''𐌻𐌿𐌹𐌶𐌾𐌰𐌽''' ([[𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰|𐌰𐌲𐌲.]]: ''Louisiana'', [[𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰|𐍆𐍂𐌰.]]: ''Louisiane'') 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹 𐌹𐌽 [[𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰|𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹]]. 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 𐌹𐍃𐍄 [[𐌱𐌰𐍄𐍉𐌽 𐍂𐌿𐌲]]. {{𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰}} [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰]] [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌾𐌰 𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌾𐌹𐍃]] frwvveyy7mb44j2h6zhyhtiacct49w8 0 6872 49416 41182 2026-08-02T13:32:30Z Eiliv 10999 Eiliv 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆 [[𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌽]] 𐌳𐌿 [[𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌰𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌹𐍃]] 41182 wikitext text/x-wiki [[𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰:Boston Back Bay reflection.jpg|thumbnail|𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌹𐌽𐌰-𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌽𐌹𐍃]] '''𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌽''' (Boston) 𐌹𐍃𐍄 [[𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] 𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃 [[𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃𐌹𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃]] 𐌹𐌽 [[𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰|𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹]]. == 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌹𐍃 == [https://www.boston.gov/ www.boston.gov] {{𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰}} [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰]] [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] 5ihthqoj9lwuj8vqtc9qatwxa012it0 49418 49416 2026-08-02T13:33:43Z Eiliv 10999 Eiliv 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆 [[𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌰𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌹𐍃]] 𐌳𐌿 [[𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌰𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] 41182 wikitext text/x-wiki [[𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰:Boston Back Bay reflection.jpg|thumbnail|𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌹𐌽𐌰-𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌽𐌹𐍃]] '''𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌽''' (Boston) 𐌹𐍃𐍄 [[𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] 𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃 [[𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃𐌹𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃]] 𐌹𐌽 [[𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰|𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹]]. == 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌹𐍃 == [https://www.boston.gov/ www.boston.gov] {{𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰}} [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰]] [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] 5ihthqoj9lwuj8vqtc9qatwxa012it0 49420 49418 2026-08-02T13:34:08Z Eiliv 10999 49420 wikitext text/x-wiki [[𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰:Boston Back Bay reflection.jpg|thumbnail|𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌹𐌽𐌰-𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌽𐌹𐍃]] '''𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌰𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃''' 𐌸𐌰𐌿 '''𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌽''' (Boston) 𐌹𐍃𐍄 [[𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] 𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃 [[𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃𐌹𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃]] 𐌹𐌽 [[𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰|𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹]]. == 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌹𐍃 == [https://www.boston.gov/ www.boston.gov] {{𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰}} [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰]] [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] tkvv5qz03wcygy5w31757ub6ujb6nwd 49421 49420 2026-08-02T13:34:43Z Eiliv 10999 Eiliv moved page [[𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌰𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] to [[𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌰𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌹𐍃]] over redirect 49420 wikitext text/x-wiki [[𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰:Boston Back Bay reflection.jpg|thumbnail|𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌹𐌽𐌰-𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌽𐌹𐍃]] '''𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌰𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃''' 𐌸𐌰𐌿 '''𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌽''' (Boston) 𐌹𐍃𐍄 [[𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] 𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃 [[𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃𐌹𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃]] 𐌹𐌽 [[𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰|𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹]]. == 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌹𐍃 == [https://www.boston.gov/ www.boston.gov] {{𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰}} [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰]] [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] tkvv5qz03wcygy5w31757ub6ujb6nwd 0 6878 49413 41105 2026-08-02T13:27:44Z Eiliv 10999 Eiliv 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆 [[𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰𐍀𐍉𐌻𐌹𐍃]] 𐌳𐌿 [[𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] 41105 wikitext text/x-wiki [[𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰:Annapolis street.jpg|thumb|]] '''𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰𐍀𐍉𐌻𐌹𐍃''' (Annapolis) 𐌹𐍃𐍄 [[𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] 𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃 [[𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳]] 𐌹𐌽 [[𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰|𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹]]. == 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌹𐍃 == [https://www.annapolis.gov/ www.annapolis.gov] {{𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰}} [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰]] [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] re3vle55r0mssnko8klrza4skidu3pn 49415 49413 2026-08-02T13:28:01Z Eiliv 10999 49415 wikitext text/x-wiki [[𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰:Annapolis street.jpg|thumb|]] '''𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃''' (Annapolis) 𐌹𐍃𐍄 [[𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] 𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃 [[𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳]] 𐌹𐌽 [[𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰|𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹]]. == 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌹𐍃 == [https://www.annapolis.gov/ www.annapolis.gov] {{𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰}} [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰]] [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] d5k06uj8sxx3hhw7htngiwcqx6har82 0 6911 49406 41233 2026-08-02T12:56:51Z Eiliv 10999 "Munikubaurgs" (*munikus + baurgs) inspired by New Latin "Monachopolis". 49406 wikitext text/x-wiki [[𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰:DesMoinesIowaSkyline.jpg|thumb|]] '''𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃''' (Des Moines) 𐌹𐍃𐍄 [[𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] 𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃 [[𐌰𐌾𐍉𐍅𐌰]] 𐌹𐌽 [[𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰|𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹]]. == 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌹𐍃 == [https://www.dsm.city/ www.dsm.city] {{𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰}} [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰]] [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] jhovxvbrvlnajp2981ebw6ahfvwwi7g 49407 49406 2026-08-02T12:57:08Z Eiliv 10999 Eiliv 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆 [[𐌳𐌴 𐌼𐍅𐌰𐌽]] 𐌳𐌿 [[𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] 49406 wikitext text/x-wiki [[𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰:DesMoinesIowaSkyline.jpg|thumb|]] '''𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃''' (Des Moines) 𐌹𐍃𐍄 [[𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] 𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃 [[𐌰𐌾𐍉𐍅𐌰]] 𐌹𐌽 [[𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰|𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹]]. == 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌹𐍃 == [https://www.dsm.city/ www.dsm.city] {{𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰}} [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰]] [[𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰:𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] jhovxvbrvlnajp2981ebw6ahfvwwi7g 2 8739 49425 47140 2026-08-02T14:55:32Z Pathoschild 147 global user pages ([[m:Synchbot|requested by Revi C.]]) 49425 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[User:Revi C.]] 88g0cv17whfgb1wkeh281mptujwtlut 3 8740 49426 47141 2026-08-02T15:35:01Z Pathoschild 147 global user pages ([[m:Synchbot|requested by Revi C.]]) 49426 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[User talk:Revi C.]] o9z79lcc9a9pfmqmrod5w3eyk4q9i0o 0 8885 49427 47924 2026-08-02T15:36:49Z Eiliv 10999 49427 wikitext text/x-wiki [[𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰:Burg Karlstein - Karlštejn - panoramio.jpg|thumb]] '''𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌻𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃''' ([[𐌱𐌰𐌾𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰|𐌱𐌰𐌾.]]: ''hrad Karlštejn'') 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐍆𐌹𐌳𐌿𐍂𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌾𐌴𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰 𐌹𐌽 𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌻𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌹𐌽 𐌱𐌰𐌾𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰. 𐍃𐍉 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌺𐌰𐍂𐍃𐍄, 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌸𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃 𐌷𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌰 𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍂𐌹𐍅𐌴 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌷. 𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌻𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍂 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃, 𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌻𐍃 𐍃𐌰 𐍆𐌹𐌳𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌰 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍉𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌾𐌹𐍃. lnobfojsyu42ky42t23bbbsvw6o6dvd 49428 49427 2026-08-02T15:38:33Z Eiliv 10999 49428 wikitext text/x-wiki [[𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰:Burg Karlstein - Karlštejn - panoramio.jpg|thumb]] '''𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌻𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃''' ([[𐌱𐌰𐌾𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰|𐌱𐌰𐌾.]]: ''hrad Karlštejn'') 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐍆𐌹𐌳𐌿𐍂𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌾𐌴𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰 𐌹𐌽 [[𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌻𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃|𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌻𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰]] 𐌹𐌽 [[𐌱𐌰𐌾𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐍃|𐌱𐌰𐌾𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰]]. 𐍃𐍉 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌺𐌰𐍂𐍃𐍄, 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌸𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃 𐌷𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌰 𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍂𐌹𐍅𐌴 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌷. 𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌻𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍂 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃, 𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌻𐍃 𐍃𐌰 𐍆𐌹𐌳𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌰 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 [[𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍉𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌹|𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍉𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌾𐌹𐍃]]. 4fnpzs5t7gsepyxg797x0kzle3n7sbo 2 9087 49435 49357 2026-08-02T21:01:50Z Eiliv 10999 49435 wikitext text/x-wiki This list is an attempt to catalogue the Gothic forms of various Norwegian place names. Of special value are the ones where we can expect a Proto-Norse or Proto-Germanic form, as those would easily have been borrowed into Gothic with minor adjustments (such as ''Oslo''; PN. ''*Ansulauhu'' → Gothic ''𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌰''). This equally applies to the ones with name elements not found in Gothic, such as PN. ''*ferþuʀ'' and ''*būwiʀ'' (Got. ''*𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌿𐍃'', ''*𐌱𐌿𐍅𐍃''). * Agder → '''[[𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌳𐍉𐍃]]''' (Agidōs); ON. ''Agðir'' f.pl., singular ''*Ǫgð'', PGem. ''*Agidō''. *: The old ethnonym tied to this place is ''egder'' (sg. ''egd'') → '''𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (agideis), ON. ''egðir'' m.pl, PGem. ''*agidīz''. * Aker → '''𐌰𐌺𐍂𐍃''' (Akrs); ON. ''Akr'', PGem. ''*akraz''. * Akershus → '''𐌰𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌿𐍃''' (Akrahūs); ON. ''akr'' + ''hús'', PGem. ''*akraz'' + ''hūsą''. * Alta → '''𐌰𐌻𐌱𐌹𐍄𐍃''' (Albits), '''𐌰𐌻𐌱𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Albitáuja); ON. ''Alpti'' m., PGem. ''*albits'', ''*albuts''. Another name, ''*Alptey'' f., might have been the origin of Sami ''*Álapteajju'', later ''Álaheadju''. * Alvdal, Elvdal → '''𐌰𐌻𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Albidals); ON. ''Elfardalr'', PGem. ''*albī'' + ''*dalaz''. * Aremark → '''𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰''' (Aramarka); ON. ''*Aramǫrk'', PGem. ''*arô'' + ''*markō''. * Asker (Askar) → '''𐌰𐍃𐌺𐍉𐍃''' (Askōs); ON. ''Askar'' m.pl., PN. *ᚨᛊᚲᛟᛉ (''*Askōʀ''). * Askim → '''𐌰𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐍃''' (Askaháims); ON. ''Ask(h)eimr'', PGem. ''*askaz'' + ''*haimaz''. * Askvoll → '''𐌰𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌿𐍃''' (Askawalþus); ON. ''*Askvǫllr'', PGem. ''*askaz'' + ''*walþuz''. * Aspern → '''𐌰𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (Aspeis); ON. ''Aspir'' m., PGem. ''*Aspijaz''. * Austfold, Østfold, see ''Fold''. * Bardu → '''𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌾𐍉''' (Bardjō). Sami ''Beardu'', possibly from a word borrowed from PN. ''*bardiō(n)'', PGem. ''*bardiǭ'' or ''*bardiō'', derived from ''*bardą'', ''*bardaz''. * Bjørgvin, Bergen → '''[[𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰]]''' (Baírgawinja); ON. ''Bjǫrgvin'', ''*Biargwin'' f., PN. *ᛒᛖᚱᚷᚨᚹᛁᚾᛃᚢ (''*Bergawinju''), PGem. ''*bergą'' + ''*winjō''. * Bodø, Bodøya, Bodin → '''𐌱𐌿𐌳𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰''' (Budawinja); ON. ''Boðin'' f., older ''*Boðawin'', PGem. ''*budô'' + ''*winjō''. * Borre → '''𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌷𐌰''' (Baúrdawranha); ON. ''Borró'' f., older ''*Borðró'', PGem. ''*burdą'' + ''*wranhō''. * Bragernes (Brakenes, Branes) → '''𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌹''' (Brakanasi); ON. ''Brakanes'' n., from ''braki'' + ''nes'', PGem. ''*brakô'' + ''nasją''. * Bygland → '''𐌱𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Biggwaland); ON. ''Byggland'', PGem. ''*bewwą'' + ''*landą''. * Bærum, Bærom → '''𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐍃''' (Baírgaháims); ON. ''Berg(h)eimr'', PGem. ''*bergą'' + ''*haimaz''. * Dramn, Drammen → '''[[𐌳𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌽𐌰]]''' (Drabna); ON. ''Drǫfn'' f. (gen. ''Drafnar''), ''Drafn'' m., PN. *ᛞᚱᚨᛒᚾᚢ (''*Drabnu''), PGem. ''Drabnō'', ''n''-derivation of ''*drabaz''. * Eigerøya → '''𐌰𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌰''' (Áikunþa), or maybe '''𐌰𐌹𐌵𐌹𐌽𐌸𐌰''' (Áiqinþa) (?); ON. ''Eikund'' f., PGem. ''*Aikwenþō'', ''*Aikunþō'', ''*aiks'' + ''*-wenþō'', ''*-unþō''. ** Eigersund, Egersund → '''𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌳 𐌰𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍉𐍃''' (Sund Áikunþōs), '''𐌰𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌰𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌳''' (Áikunþasund); ON. ''Eikundarsund'' n., ''Eikund'' + ''sund'', PGem. ''*sundą''. * Eiker → '''𐌰𐌹𐌺𐌾𐍉𐍃''' (Áikjōs); ON. ''Eikjar'' f.pl. from the neuter ''eiki'', PGem. ''*aikiją''. * Eikeren → '''𐌰𐌹𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (Áikeis); ON. ''Eikir'' m., PGem. ''*Aikijaz'', from ''*aiks''. * Eina → '''𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰'''; ON. ''*Eini'' m. (dat. ''Eina''), PGem. ''*Jainijô'', from ''*jainijaz'' (juniper). Synonyms derived from the name are ''Einafjord'' → '''𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌿𐍃''' and ''Einavatn'' → '''𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍉'''. * Evje → '''𐌰𐌱𐌾𐍉''' (Abjō); ON. ''Efja'' m., PGem. ''*abjǭ''. * Finnmark → '''𐍆𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰''' (Finnamarka); ON. ''Finnmǫrk'', PGem. ''*finnaz'' + ''*markō''. * Fjordane → '''𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌾𐌿𐍃''' (Faírþjus); ON. ''Firðir'' m.pl., PGem. ''*ferþuz''. * Flora, Florø → '''𐍆𐌻𐍉𐍅𐍂𐍉''' (Flōwrō), '''𐍆𐌻𐍉𐍅𐌰𐍂𐍉''' (Flōwarō); ON. ''Flóra'' f., PGem. ''*flōw(a)rǭ''. * Flåm → '''𐍆𐌻𐌰𐌷𐍉𐍃''' (Flahōs); ON. ''Flár'' f.pl. (dat. ''Flám''), PGem. ''*flahō''. * Fold (Vest-, Aust-) → '''𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌳𐌰''' (Fulda); ON. ''Fold'' f., PGem. ''*fuldō''<!--, ''*fulþō''-->. * Follo → '''𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌰''' (Fuldaláuha); ON. ''Folló'', older ''Fold(ar)ló'', ''Fold'' + ''ló'', PGem. ''*fuldō''<!--, ''*fulþō''--> + ''*lauhō''. * Fosen, Fosna → '''𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌲𐍃𐌽𐌰''' (Fulgsna); ON. ''Fólgsn'', ''Fólksn'', ''sn''-derivation from ''fela'' (part. ''folginn''), PGem. ''*felhaną'' (part. ''*fulganaz''). * Fredrikstad → '''𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌸𐍃''' (Friþureikstaþs), '''𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌸𐍃''' (Friþareikeistaþs) (?). PGem. ''*Friþurīks'' + ''*stadiz''. * Frøya → '''𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Fráuja); ON. ''Frey'' f., PGem. ''*Frawjō''. * Fyresdal → '''𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌷𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Faúrhidals); ON. ''Fyrisdalr'', from ''*Fyrir'' (lake name), PGem. ''*Furhijaz'' (?), from ''*furhwǭ'' / ''*furhō''. * Førde (Fyrde) → '''𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌿𐍃''' (Faírþus); ON. ''Firði'' (dat. of ''Fjǫrðr''), PGem. ''*ferþuz''. * Geilo → '''𐌲𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍉𐍃''' (Gáilōs); ON. ''Geilar'' f.pl. (dat. ''Geilum''), PGem. ''*gailō''. * Geiranger (Gjerangen) → '''𐌲𐌰𐍂𐍅𐌾𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍂𐍃''' (Garwjaggrs); ON. ''*Gerangr'', older ''*Gerwangʀ'', PN. *ᚷᚨᚱᚹᛁᚨᛜᚱᚨᛉ (''*Garwiangraʀ), PGem. ''*garwijō'' + ''*angraz''.<ref>Oddvar Nes (1984), “Geiranger”, in ''Namn og nemne'' (in Norwegian), [https://www.nb.no/items/b2656ee725fc71f15ca1a5c58f2b500e?page=38| page 37]</ref> * Gjøvik (Djøvik, Djivik) → '''𐌳𐌹𐌿𐍀𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃''' (Diupweiks); ON. ''Djúpvík'', PGem. ''*deupaz'' + ''*wīks''. * Gol (Gord) → '''𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌰''' (Garda); ON. ''Gǫrð'' f. (gen. ''Garðar''), PN. *ᚷᚨᚱᛞᚢ (''*Gardu''), derived from ''*gardaz''. * Granvin (Grove) → '''𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰''' (Granawinja); ON. ''Granvin'' f., PGem. ''*granō'' + ''*winjō''. * Grenland → '''𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Graniland); ON. ''Grenland'' n., PGem. ''*granīz'' m.pl. + ''*landą''. *: The old ethnonym tied to this place is ''grener'' m.pl. → '''𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (graneis), ON. ''grenir'', PGem. ''*granīz''. Cf. Latin ''gran(n)ii''. * Gudbrandsdal → '''𐌲𐌿𐌸𐌰𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍉𐍃''' (Guþabrandadalōs); ON. ''Guðbrandsdalir'' m.pl., ''Guðbrandr'' + ''dalr'', PGem. ''*gudą'' + ''*brandaz'' + ''*dalaz''. * Hadsel → '''𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌸𐌰𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌻''' (Háubiþasigl); ON. ''Hǫfðasegl'' n., PGem. ''*habudô'' (← ''*habudą'') + ''*seglą''. * Hajeren (Hagjeren) → '''𐌷𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌹𐍃''' (Hagjis); ON. ''*Hagir'' m., an ''ija''-derivation of older ''*Hagi''. Possibly newer than Proto-Norse, or else it would have been ''*Hagīʀ'', PGem. ''*hagô'' + ''*-ijaz''. What’s clear is that it must originate from after Holtzmann’s law, as PGem. *Hagjaz'' would have turned into ''*Heggr''. * Halden (Hallen) → '''𐌷𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰''' (Halla), '''𐌷𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌿𐍃''' (Hallus). Danish name ''Fredrikshald'' (1665–1928); ON. ''hǫll'' (hall), PGem. ''hallō'', or ''hallr'' (slope), PGem. ''halluz''. * Hamar → '''𐌷𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐍃''' (Hamars); ON. ''Hamarr'' m., PGem. ''*hamaraz''. * Hamarfest, Hammerfest → '''𐌷𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹''' (Hamarafasti); ON. ''hamarr'' m., PGem. ''*hamaraz'' + ''festr'' f., PN. *ᚠᚨᛊᛏᛁᛟᛉ (''fastiōʀ''), PGem. ''fastijō''. * Hardanger → '''𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍂𐍃''' (Harudaggrs); ON. ''Harðangr'' m., PGem. ''*harudaz'' + ''*angraz''. * Harstad → '''𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌿𐌳𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (Harudastaþeis); ON. ''*Harðarstaðir'' m.pl., ''Hǫrðr'' (male name) + ''staðr'', PGem. ''*harudaz'' + ''*stadiz''. * Haugalandet → '''𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Háugaland); ON. ''Haugar'' m.pl. (farm name) + ''land'', PGem. ''*haugaz'' + ''*landą''. * Haugesund → '''𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌳''' (Háugasund); ON. ''Haugar'' m.pl. (farm name) + ''sund'', PGem. ''*haugaz'' + ''*sundą''. * Heidmark, Hedmark → '''𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌹𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰''' (Háiþimarka), '''𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰''' (Háiþinamarka); ON. ''Heiðmǫrk'' f., from ''heiðnir'' (tribe name, [[w:en:Chaedini|Chaedini]]), PGem. ''*haiþīnaz''. * Herad → '''𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌹𐍂𐌴𐌳''' (Harjirēd); ON. ''Herað'' m., PGem. ''*harjarēdą'', from ''*harjaz'' + ''*rēdą''. Alternative etymologies include ''*harjaraidō'' and ''*hīwarāðą'' (from ''*hīwą''). * Hjerkinn (Hjerdkinn) → '''𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌳𐌰𐌺𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌿𐍃''' (Haírdakinnus); ON. ''Hjarðkinn'' f., PGem. ''*herdō'' + ''*kinnuz''. * Honningsvåg → '''𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌿𐌲𐌲𐌰𐍅𐍅𐌴𐌲𐍃''' (Haúrnuggawēgs); ON. ''*Hornungsvágr'' m., from ''*Hornungr'' (likely mountain name) + ''vágr'', PGem. ''*hurną'' + ''*wēgaz''. * Hordaland → '''𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Harudaland); ON. ''Hǫrðaland'' n., PGem. ''*harudaz'' + ''*landą''. *: The old ethnonym tied to this place is ''hordar'' m.pl. → '''𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌿𐌳𐍉𐍃''' (harudōs), ON. ''hǫrðar'', PGem. ''*harudōz''. Cf. ''[[w:en:Charudes|Charudes]]'' (Harudes). * Hålogaland → '''𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Háuhláugjaland); ON. ''Hálogaland'', from gen. pl. of ''háleygir'' m., PGem. ''hauhalaugijaz''. *: The old ethnonym tied to this place is ''håløyger'' m.pl. → '''𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌾𐍉𐍃''' (háuhláugjōs), ON. ''háleygir'', PGem. ''*hauhalaugijōz''. * Jæren (Jâren) → '''𐌹𐌳𐌰𐍂𐍃''' (Idars); ON. ''Jaðarr'' m., PGem. ''*edaraz''. * Karmøy (Kartå) → '''𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌼𐍄𐌰''' (Karmta), '''𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Karmauja); ON. ''Kǫrmt'' f. (gen. ''Karmtar''), derived from ''karmr'', PGem. ''*karmaz''. Uncertain derivation suffix, possibly either ''*-þō'' or ''-dō''. * Kirkenes, Kyrkjenes → '''𐌺𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌹''' (Kirikjanasi), '''𐌰𐌹𐌺𐌺𐌻𐌴𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌹''' (Aíkklēsjanasi); ON. ''kirkja'' + ''nes'' n., replaced older ''Pisselvnes'' (piss river ness) and ''Håkjerringnes'' (Greenland shark ness), the latter a translation of Sami ''Áhkolatnjárga''. Modern Sami ''Girkonjárga'' (after Norwegian), Finnish ''Kirkkoniemi''. * Krøderen → '''𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌷𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (Kranhōdeis); ON. ''Krǿðir'' m., PN. *ᚲᚱᚨᚺᚢᛞᛁᛉ (''Krāhudīʀ''), older ᚲᚱᚨᚾᚺᚢᛞᛁᚨᛉ (''*Kranhudiaʀ''), PGem. ''*Kranhōdijaz'', ''ia''-derivation of ''*kranhōdaz'', from ''*kranhō'', cf. ''*wranhō''.<ref>Arnoldus Hille (1983), “Innsjønavnet Krøderen”, in ''Fra ord til navn'' (in Norwegian Bokmål), [https://www.nb.no/items/adc92014764171e1fd7f34c138b6da5f?page=82| page 83]</ref> * Leikanger → '''𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍉𐍃''' (Láikawaggōs); ON. ''Leikvangir'' m.pl, PGem. ''*laikaz'' + ''*wangaz'' (pl. ''*wangōz''). * Lier (Lider) → '''𐌷𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌳𐍉𐍃''' (Hleidōs); ON. ''Líðir'' f.pl., older ''*Hlíðir'', PGem. ''*hlīdō''. * Lindesnes → '''𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌹''' (Leiþandnasi); ON. ''Líðandi'' + ''nes'', PGem. ''*līþandz'' + ''*nasją''. * Lofot(en) → '''𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌰𐍆𐍉𐍄𐌿𐍃''' (Laúhafōtus); ON. ''Lófótr'', PGem. ''*luhǭ'' (← ''*luhsaz'', cf. ''*fuhǭ'') + ''*fōts''. * Lom → '''𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍉𐍃''' (Láuhōs); ON. ''Lóar'' (dat. ''Lóm'', ''Lóum''), PGem. ''*lauhō''. * Mjøs, Mjøsa → '''𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍃𐌰''' (Maírsa); ON. ''Mjǫrs'', PN. *ᛗᛖᚱᛊᚢ (''*Mersu''), PGem. ''*Mersō''. * Molde → '''𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌳𐍉𐍃''' (Muldōs); ON. ''Moldar'' f.pl., PGem. ''*muldō''. * Morn, Marna, Mandalselva → '''𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌰''' (Marna); ON. ''Mǫrn'' f., PGem. ''*Marnō'', a derivation of ''*mari'', cf. ''𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹''. Another teaory claims it comes from ''*marhaz'', thus giving ''*Marhnō'' → '''𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌷𐌽𐌰''', cf. ''*𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌷𐍃''. ** Mandal, Marnardal → '''𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Marnadals); ON. ''Marnardalr'' m., PGem. ''*Marnō'' + ''*dalaz''. * Mysen, Møsi → '''𐌼𐌿𐍃𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰''' (Musawinja); ON. ''Mysin'' f., older ''*Muswin'', PN. *ᛗᚢᛊᚨᚹᛁᚾᛃᚢ (''*Musawinju''), PGem. ''*musô'' + ''winjō''. * Møre (Sunn-, Nord-) → '''𐌼𐍉𐍂𐌹''' (Mōri) (''𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍂𐌰-'', ''𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐍂𐌰-''); ON. ''Mǿrr'' f. (dat. ''Mǿri''), PN. *ᛗᛟᚱᛁᛟᛉ (''*Mōriōʀ''), PGem. ''*Mōrijō'' / ''*Mōrī''. * Narvik → '''𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌿𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃''' (Naírþuweiks); ON. ''*Njarðarvík'' (''Njǫrðr'' + ''vík''), PGem. ''*Nerþuz'' + ''*wīks''. * Nes → '''𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌹''' (Nasi); ON. ''Nes'', PGem. ''*Nasją''. A name found multiple places, either as villages, municipalities or farms. * Nesbyen → '''𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌱𐌿𐍅𐍃''' (Nasjabūws); ON. ''*Nesbýr'', PGem. ''*Nasją'' + ''*būwiz''. * Nisser → '''𐌽𐌹𐌳𐍅𐌰𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍅𐍃''' (Nidwasáiws); ON. ''Nizir'', ''*Niðsær'', PGem. ''*Nidwō'' + ''*saiwiz''. ** Nissedal → '''𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃 𐌽𐌹𐌳𐍅𐌰𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌹𐍃''' (Dals Nidwasáiwis); ON. ''*Nizidalr''. * Nordby → '''𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌿𐍅𐍃''' (Naúrþrabūws); ON. ''Norðbýr'', PGem. ''*nurþraz'' + ''*būwiz''. * Nordland → '''𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Naúrþraland); ON. ''norðr'' + ''land'', PGem. ''*nurþraz'' + ''*landą''. * Noreg, Norway<ref name=eng-name>English name that is or has been in use.</ref> → '''[[𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌲𐍃|𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐍂𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌲𐍃]]''' (Naúrþrawigs), or less preferable, '''𐌽𐍉𐍂𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌲𐍃''' (Nōrawigs); ON. ''Noregr'', ''Norvegr'', possibly older ''*Norðvegr'' (cf. OEn. ''Norðweg''), PGem. ''*nurþraz'' + ''*wegaz''. Another theory is ''*Nórvegr'', from ''nór'' (narrow sound), PGem. ''*nōrą'', ''*nōraz'', as it better aligns with attested Norse forms, with a consistent lack of ''-ð-'', and an occasional long vowel (''Nóregr''). Foreign forms that reflect ''*nurþraz'' might stem from a conflation with ''norðmaðr'', PGem. ''*nurþramannz''. *: Another historical name is ''Norðmannaland'', whose Gothic form would be '''𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌴''' (Land naúrþamannē) or '''𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Naúrþramanaland). *: The origin of the name is explained in Orkneyinga Saga as coming from the legendary founder Nor → '''𐌽𐍉𐍂𐍃''' (Nōrs); ON. ''Nórr'', PGem. ''*Nōraz'', derived from ''*nōrą''. However it might be the other way around instead. * Onsaker → '''𐍅𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌺𐍂𐍃''' (Wōdanakrs); ON. ''*Óðinsakr'' m., PGem. ''*Wōdanaz'' + ''*akraz''. * Onsrud → '''𐍅𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍂𐌿𐌳''' (Wōdanarud), '''𐍅𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌷𐌿𐍆''' (Wōdanahuf); ON. ''Óðinn'' + ''ruð'' n. (← PGem. ''*rudą''), older ''Óðinshof'' n., PGem. ''*Wōdanaz'' + ''*hufą''. * Onsøy → '''𐍅𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Wōdanáuja); ON. ''Óðinsey'' f., PGem. ''*Wōdanaz'' + ''*awjō''. * Oppland (Uppland) → '''𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰''' (Iuplanda); ON. ''Upplǫnd'' n.pl., PGem. ''*upp'' + ''*landą''. * Orkanger → '''𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍂𐍃''' (Waúrkaggrs); ON. ''*Ork'' + ''angr'', PGem. ''*wurkijaną'' (''*Wurkō''?) + ''*angraz''. * Orkdal → '''𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Waúrkadals); ON. ''Orkardalr'', older ''*Orkardalr'', PGem. ''*wurkijaną'' (''*Wurkō''?) + ''*dalaz''. * Orkla (river) → '''𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌹𐌻𐍉''' (Waúrkilō), → '''𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌰''' (Waúrka); ON. ''*Orkla'' f., older ''*Ork'' f., PGem. ''*wurkijaną'' (''*Wurkō''?). * Orkland → '''𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Waúrkaland); ON. ''*Ork'' + ''land'', PGem. ''*wurkijaną'' (''*Wurkō''?) + ''*landą''. * Oslo → '''[[𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌰]]''' (Ansuláuha); ON. ''Ósló'', ''Ǫ́sló'', ''Ásló'' f., PN. *ᚨᚾᛊᚢᛚᚨᚢᚺᚢ (''*Ansulauhu''), *ᚨᚾᛊᚢᛚᛟᚺᚢ (''*Ansulōhu''). *: The origin of ''Oslo'' has been up to debate, with several theories spanning between ''*ansaz'' / ''*amsaz'' (mountain ridge) and ''*ōsaz'' (estuary), however the vowel was nasal in Old Norse, as seen in Dutch ''Ansloo'' and Latin ''Ansloa'', so ''*ōsaz'' is ruled out. The third theory is ''*ansuz'' (god), which due to ''u''-umlaut would explain the ''ó-'' vowel (cf. the form ''óss'' alongside ''áss'', and names like ''Ósmundr'' / ''Ásmundr''). The latter element ''ló'' is the PGem. ''*lauhō'' f. (meadow), an alternative form of the masculine ''*lauhaz'' which gave rise to the West Germanic forms.<ref>Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989), “[https://ordsifjabok.arnastofnun.is/faersla/13840| Osló]”, in ''Íslensk orðsifjabók'', Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies</ref> The Gothic adaptation could very well use the feminine form for consistency, as the word is not attested in this language, and it would be natural for it to be borrowed in the feminine form had Gothic gotten it from Proto-Norse. * Otra, Otre → '''𐌿𐍄𐍂𐍉''' (Utrō); ON. ''Otra'', PGem. ''*Utrǭ'' (?), ''ōn''-derivation of ''*utraz''. ** Oddernes (Otrenes) → '''𐌿𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌹''' (Utranasi); ON. ''Otrunes'', PGem. ''*Utrǭ'' (?) (''ōn''-derivation of ''*utraz'') + ''*nasją''. ** Odderøya (Otrøya) → '''𐌿𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Utráuja); ON. ''Otrey'', ''Otruey'', from ''Otra'', PGem. ''*Utrǭ'' (?) (''ōn''-derivation of ''*utraz'') + ''*awjō''. * Otta → '''𐌿𐌷𐍄𐍉''' (Uhtō); ON. ''Ótta'' f., from ''ótti'' (fear, dread), PGem. ''*uhtô''. * Ringerike → '''𐌷𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌹''' (Hriggareiki); ON. ''Hringaríki'' n., PGem. ''*hringaz'' + ''*rīkiją''. * Rogaland → '''𐍂𐌿𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Rugiland); ON. ''Rogaland'', PGem. ''*rugīz'' (sg. ''*rugiz'') + ''*landą''. Cf. [[w:en:Rugiland|Rugiland]] and [[w:en:Rügen|Rügen]]. *: The old ethnonym tied to this place is ''ryger'' m.pl. → '''𐍂𐌿𐌲𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (rugeis), ON. ''rygir'', PGem. ''*rugīz''. Cf. ''[[w:en:Rugii|Rugii]]''. * Romerike → '''𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌹''' (Raumareiki); ON. ''Raumaríki'' n., PGem. ''*rīkiją''. * Ryfylke → '''𐍂𐌿𐌲𐌹𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌺𐌹''' (Rugifulki) or '''𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌺𐌹 𐍂𐌿𐌲𐌴''' (Fulki Rugē); ON. ''Rygjafylki'', gen. of ''rygir'' + ''fylki'', PGem. ''*rugīz'' + ''*fulkiją''. * Røros (Røyros) → '''𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃''' (Ráudjamunþs); ON. ''*Reyðaróss'', PGem. ''*raudijō'' (from ''*raudaz'') + ''*ōsaz''. * Røst → '''𐍅𐍂𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰''' (Wrasta); ON. ''Rǫst'', PGem. ''*wrastō''. * Røyken → '''𐌷𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰''' (Hráukawinja); ON. ''Reykin'' f., older ''*Hreyk(w)in'', ''*Hrauk(w)in'', PGem. ''*hraukaz'' + ''*winjō''. * Salten, Salta (in Nordland) → '''𐍃𐌰𐌻𐍆𐍄𐌰''' (Salfta); ON. ''Salpti'' m., ''t''-derivation of the PIE root ''*selp-''. * Sauda → '''𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍉𐍃''' (Sáuþōs), ON. ''*Sauðar'' m.pl., PGem. ''*seuþaną''. * Sel → '''𐍃𐌹𐌻''' (Sil); ON. ''Sil'' n., PGem. ''*silą'' (?). * Selbu → '''𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌱𐌿''' (Silabū); ON. ''*Seli'' (lake name) + ''bú'' n., PGem. ''*silô'' + ''*būą''. * Selje, Selja → '''𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌾𐍉''' (Saljō); ON. ''Selja'' f., derivation of ''sel'' n., PGem. ''*salją''. * Sira → '''𐍃𐌴𐌹𐍈𐌰𐍂𐍉''' (Seiƕarō), '''𐍃𐌴𐌹𐍈𐌰𐍂𐌰''' (Seiƕara); ON. ''Síra'' f. (← PGem. ''*Sīhwarǭ''), or ''Síri'' m. (gen. ''Síra''), PGem. ''*Sīhwarô''. Related to ''*sīhwaną''. * Sirdal → '''𐍃𐌴𐌹𐍈𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Seiƕaradals); ON. ''Síra'' (river name) + ''dalr'' n., PGem. ''*Sīhwarǭ'' (?) + ''*dalaz''. Related to ''*sīhwaną''. * Skien (Skida) → '''𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌸𐍉''' (Skiþō); ON. ''Skiða'', from the root ''skiþ-'' (to split), cf. ''𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌽''. * Skoger (Skogar) → '''𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌲𐍉𐍃''' (Skōgōs); ON. ''Skógar'' m.pl., PGem. ''*skōgaz''. * Snåsa (Snòsa, Snasa) → '''𐍃𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌰''' (Snasa); ON. ''Snǫs'' f. (gen. ''Snasar''), from ''snǫs'', related to ''nǫs'', PGem. ''*nasō''. * Sogn → '''𐍃𐌿𐌲𐌽𐍃''' (Sugns); ON. ''Sogn'' m., ''n''-derivation of ''súga'', PGem. ''*sūganą''. PGem. ''*Sugnaz'' (?). *: The old ethnonym tied to this place is ''sygner'' (sg. ''sygn'') → '''𐍃𐌿𐌲𐌽𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (sugneis), ON. ''sygnir'' m.pl, PGem. ''*sugnīz''. * Spydeberg (Speberg) → '''𐍃𐍀𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐍃''' (Spiutabaírgs); ON. ''Spjótaberg'', PGem. ''*speutą'' + ''*bergą''. * Stavanger → '''𐍃𐍄𐌰𐍆𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍂𐍃''' (Stafaggrs); ON. ''Stafangr'', PGem. ''*stabaz'' + ''*angraz''. * Steinkjer → '''𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌰𐍃𐌰''' (Stáinakasa); ON. ''Steinker'' n.pl., PGem. ''*stainaz'' + ''*kazą''. * Stjørdal → '''𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌿𐍂𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Stiuradals); ON. ''Stjóradalr'', from ''*Stjór'' (river name), possibly from the PGem. root ''*steur-'', whence also ''*stiurijaną''. * Stord → '''𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌰''' (Staurda); ON. ''Storð'' f., PGem. ''*sturdō''. * Stryn → '''𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌿𐌽𐍉𐍃''' (Striunōs); ON. ''Strjónar'' f.pl., from ''*Strjón'' f. (river name), PGem. root ''*streun-''. * Svalbard → '''𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌳𐍃''' (Swalabards); ON. ''Svalbarð'' n., ''Svalbarðr'' m., PGem. ''*swalaz'' + ''*bardą'', ''*bardaz''. * Svelvik (Sverdvik) → '''𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌹𐌸𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃''' (Swaírbiþaweiks); ON. ''Sverðvík'' f., ''*sverfð'' (''sverfa'' + ''-ð'') + ''vík'', PGem. ''*swerbaną'' + ''*-iþō'' + ''*wīks''. * Svolvær → '''𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌰𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌹''' (Swalawari); ON. ''*Svǫlver'' n., older ''*Swalwęr'', PGem. ''*swalaz'' + ''*warją''. * Sæbø → '''𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌱𐌿𐍅𐍃''' (Sáiwabūws); ON. ''Sævarbýr'' m., PGem. ''*saiwaz'' + ''*būwaz''. * Telemark → '''𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌹𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰''' (Þaílimarka); ON. ''Þelamǫrk'' f., ''þilir'' + ''mǫrk'', PGem. ''*þelīz'' (?) + ''*markō''. *: The old ethnonym tied to this place is ''teler'' → '''𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (þaileis), ON. ''þilir'' m.pl, PGem. ''*þelīz''. * Toten (Totn) → '''𐌸𐌿𐌷𐍄𐌽''' (Þūhtn); ON. ''Þótn'', PGem. ''*Þūnhtną'', ''*Þūnhtīną''. * Tromsø, Troms (Trums) → '''𐍄𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍃𐌰''' (Trumsa); ON. ''Trums'' f. * Tromsøya (Trumsøya) → '''𐍄𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Trumsáuja); ON. ''Trums'' f. + ''ey'', PGem. ''*awjō''. * Trondheim, Throwendham<ref name=eng-name /> → '''[[𐌸𐍂𐍉𐍅𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐍃]]''' (Þrōwōndháims); ON. ''Þrónd(h)eimr'' m., PGem. ''*þrōwōndz'' + ''*haimaz''. *: The old ethnonym tied to this place (or Trøndelag) is ''trønder'' m.pl. → '''𐌸𐍂𐍉𐍅𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃''' (þrōwōnds), ON. ''þrǿndr'' (sg. ''þróndr''), PGem. ''*þrōwōndiz''. * Træna → '''𐌸𐍂𐌹𐌳𐌽𐌰''' (Þridna); ON. ''Þriðn'' f., ''n''-derivation of ''*þrið'' (unit of three), PGem. ''*þridō''. Related to ''*þridjô'' and ''*þrīz''. * Trøndelag → '''[[𐌸𐍂𐍉𐍅𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌻𐌰𐌲𐌰]]''' (Þrōwōndlaga) n.pl., or '''𐌸𐍂𐍉𐍅𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸''' (Þrōwōndwitōþ) n.; ON. ''Þrǿndalǫg'' n.pl., PGem. ''*þrōwōndz'' + ''*lagą'' (pl. ''*lagō''). Cf. ''Danalǫg'', OEn. ''Dena lagu'' (Danelaw). * Tysnes → '''𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌹''' (Teiwanasi); ON. ''Týsnes'' n., PGem. ''*Tīwaz'' + ''*nasją''. * Ulstein → '''𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃''' (Wulfastáins); ON. ''*Ulfsteinn'' m.pl., ''ulfr'' + ''steinn'', PGem. ''*wulfaz'' + ''*stainaz''. * Ulvestad → '''𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (Wulfastaþeis); ON. ''*Ulfastaðir'' m.pl., from ''*Ulfi'' (male name), or ''*Ulfustaðir'' from ''*Ulfa'' f. (river name). All from PGem. ''*wulfaz''. * Vadsø, Vatsøy → '''𐍅𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Watáuja); ON. ''*Vatsey'', PGem. ''*watōr'' + ''*awjō''. * Valdres → '''𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌿𐌻𐌰𐍃𐌹''' (Walþulasi); ON. ''Valdres'', older ''*Waldles'' n., PGem. ''*walþuz'' + ''*lasją'', a relative of ''*lēswō'' (PWGem. ''*lāsu'').<ref>Per Hovda (1978), ''Frå hav til hei'' (in Norwegian), [https://www.nb.no/items/844335f14a639430f6a1e5b94f29705c?page=207| page 196]</ref> * Valle → '''𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌿𐍃''' (Walþjus); ON. ''*Vellir'' m.pl. (gen. ''Valla''), PGem. ''*walþuz''. * Vang → '''𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍃''' (Waggs); ON. ''Vangr'' m., PGem. ''*wangaz''. * Vardø (Vordøy, Vargøy) → '''𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌸𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Warþáuja), '''𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌲𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Wargáuja); ON. ''*Vǫrð(u)ey'' (← PGem. ''*warþǭ'', ''*warþō''), older name ''Vargey'', PGem. ''*wargaz'' + ''*awjō''. * Vefsn, Vefsna → '''𐍅𐌰𐌱𐌹𐍃𐌽𐌰''' (Wabisna); ON. ''*Vefsn'' f., ''sn''-derivation of the PGem. root ''*wab-'', ''*web-'', whence also ''*wabjaną''. * Vanse → '''𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰 𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌷𐌹𐍃''' (Winja Wanaweihis); ON. ''*Vanavésvin'' f., PGem. ''*wanaz'' + ''*wīhą'' + ''*winjō''. * Varanger → '''𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍂𐍃''' (Warjaggrs); ON. ''*Ver(j)angr'', PGem. ''*warją'' + ''*angraz''. * Verdal → '''𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Waíradals), '''𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Wisadals); ON. ''Verdalr'', from ''*Ver'' (river name), possibly related to ''vera'' , or an old root ''*wer-'', ''*war-'' with the meaning of water (cf. ''Voss''). * Vestfold, see ''Fold''. * Vika → '''𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃''' (Weiks); ON. ''Víkin'', PGem. ''*wīks''. *: Inhabitants of this area are traditionally called ''vikveærer'' / ''-verer'' (or ''vikverjar'') m.pl. → '''𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌾𐍉𐍃''' (weikwarjōs), sg. '''-𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌹𐍃''' (-warjis); ON. ''víkverjar'', ''víkverir'', PGem. ''*wīks'' + ''*-warjōz'' (sg. ''*-warjaz''). * Vinje (Vinja) → '''𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌾𐍉𐍃''' (Winjōs); ON. ''Vinjar'' f.pl. (modern form from gen. ''Vinja''), PGem. ''*winjō'' (pl. ''*winjôz''). * Vold(a) → '''𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰''' (Walda), '''𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍃''' (Walds); ON. ''*Vǫld'' (?) f., ''Valdr'' m., PN. *ᚹᚨᛚᛞᚢ (''*Waldu'') (?). * Voss → '''𐍅𐌰𐍂𐍃𐌰''' (Warsa); ON. ''Vǫrs'' f., PGem. ''*Warsō'', ''*Warusō''. * Vossavangen → '''𐍅𐌰𐍂𐍃𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍃''' (Warsawaggs); ON. ''Vǫrs'' + ''vangr'' m., PGem. ''*wangaz''. * Vågå → '''𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌰''' (Waga); ON. ''Vaga'', dat. of ''*Vagi''. Related to ''vega'', PGem. ''*weganą''. * Ål → '''𐌴𐌻𐍃''' (Ēls); ON. ''Áll'' m., PGem. ''*ēlaz''. * Ålesund → '''𐌴𐌻𐌰𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌳''' (Ēlasund); ON. ''*Álasund'' n., PGem. ''*ēlaz'' + ''*sundą''. * Ørst(a) → '''𐍅𐍉𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰''' (Wōrista), '''𐍅𐍉𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃''' (Wōrists); ON. ''Ǿrst'' (?) f., ''Ǿrstr'' m., older ''*Wōristʀ''. * Øyer (Øye) → '''𐌰𐌿𐌾𐍉𐍃''' (Áujōs); ON. ''*Eyja'', gen. pl. of ''ey'', PGem. ''*awjō'', or dat./gen. of ''*Eyi'', PGem. ''*awjô''. The word ''*𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰'' (← PGem. ''*awjō'') is not attested in Gothic, however it’s a common word across the rest of the Germanic languages, so the odds are low for it having fallen out of Gothic. The form is also quite apparent based on similar words like ''*frawjǭ'' and ''*frawjô'' (→ ''𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐍉'', ''𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''). To properly adapt Germanic place names to Gothic, ''*𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰'' would need to be revived. * Øyeren → '''𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (Aweis); ON. ''*Eyir'', possibly an Old Norse ''ija''-derivation of ''ey'' f., PGem. ''*awjō''; otherwise PN. *ᚨᚢᛁᛉ (Auīʀ), *ᚨᚢᛁᚨᛉ, PGem. ''*Awijaz''. Alternatively PGem. ''*Awjaz'' → '''𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌹𐍃''' (however this would yield ON. ''*Eyr'' and not ''*Eyir''). Coincidentally, this latter possibility would be identical to the ending of ''*Dōnawjaz'', which is thought to have turned into ''*𐌳𐍉𐌽𐌰𐍅𐌹'' (Dōnawi). However, based on similar ja-stem nouns, the most expected would be ''-𐌾𐌹𐍃'' for a short-stemmed name like this. Cf. ''*harjaz'' → ''𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌹𐍃'' (harjis). <!--* Hareid → '''𐌷𐌰𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌹''' (Haþáidi); ON. ''Haðareið'', PGem. ''*Haþuz'' + ''*aidiją''.--> ===Place names outside of modern Norway=== * Båhus, Bohus → '''𐌱𐌴𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌿𐍃''' (Bēgahūs), '''𐌱𐌴𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌿𐌻𐌼𐍃''' (Bēgahulms); ON. ''Bágahús'' (← PGem. ''*hūsą''), older ''Bágaholmr'', PGem. ''*bēgaz'' (weak decl. ''*bēgô'') + ''*hulmaz''. * Færøyane, Faroe Islands → '''𐍆𐌰𐌷𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌾𐍉𐍃''' (Fahisáujōs); ON. ''Færeyjar'', PGem. ''*fahiz'' n. + ''*awjō''. * Herjådal, Herjedal → '''𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌰𐍈𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Harjaƕadals); ON. ''Herjádalr'', PGem. root ''*her-'', ''*har-'' + ''*ahwō'' + ''*dalaz''. * Hjaltland, Shetland → '''𐌷𐌹𐌻𐍄𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Hiltaland); ON. ''Hjaltland'', PGem. ''*heltą'' + ''*landą''. * Jamteland, Jamtland → '''𐌹𐌼𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Imatjaland); ON. ''Jamtaland'', PGem. ''*ematjaz'', from a verb ''*ematjaną'' (related to ''*nemaną'' + ''-atjaną'') + ''*landą''. *: Inhabitants of this area are traditionally called ''jamtar'' m.pl. → '''𐌹𐌼𐌰𐍄𐌾𐍉𐍃''' (imatjōs); ON. ''jamtar'' (sg. ''jamtr''), Old Icelandic ''jamtr'' (sg. and pl.). The legendary Kjetel jamte (Sw. Kettil Jämte) would then be 𐌺𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌻𐍃 𐌹𐌼𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌹𐍃 (Katils imatjis). * Orknøyane, Orkney → '''𐌰𐍂𐌵𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌾𐍉𐍃''' (Arqináujōs); ON. ''Orkneyjar'', PGem. ''*arkwīną'' + ''*awjō''. * Vinland → '''𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Weinaland), '''𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Winjaland); ON. ''Vínland'' (← PGem. ''*wīną'') or ''Vinland'', PGem. ''*winjō'' + ''*landą''. ===Sami names=== Some names do not fit to the treatment of the Germanic derived ones, and these are the ones from Sami. These names can only be transcribed. * Deatnu, Tana → '''𐌳𐌴𐍄𐌽𐍉''' (Dētnō) f.; from ''deatnu'' (large river), Proto-Sami ''*Teanō'', possibly influenced by ''*eanō'' (large river). * Guovdageaidnu, Kautokeino → '''𐌲𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌾𐌳𐌽𐍉''' (Gaúbdagajdnō) f.; from ''guovda'' (half, middle) + ''geaidnu'' (way, road), Proto-Sami ''*kuovtë'' + ''*keajnō''. Cf. Kven/Finnish ''Koutokeino''. * Kárášjohka, Karasjok → '''𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌺𐌰''' (Kārāsjaúhka) f.; from ''káráš'' / ''gáráš'', diminutive of ''gárri'' (wooden food plate) + ''johka'' (river). A possible semi-translation could otherwise be '''𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰𐍃𐌾𐌰𐍈𐌰''' (Kārāsjaƕa), with the ''-j-'' reanalysed to the former word stem. * Máze, Masi → '''𐌼𐌰𐍄𐍃𐌹''' (Mātsi) f. or n., '''𐌼𐌰𐌶𐌹''' (Māzi) f.; cf. Finnish ''Maasi''. ==Notes and references== <references /> kth8rhsras6vj7gmmqrgw4l3eym503c 2 9096 49436 49051 2026-08-02T23:12:45Z Eiliv 10999 49436 wikitext text/x-wiki Short catalogue of Gothic forms of various Swedish place names. See [[𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃:Eiliv/Norwegian place names|my other list]] for Norwegian place names. * Dalarna '''𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍉𐍃''' (Dalōs). PGem. ''*dalaz''. * Gotland '''𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Gutland). PGem. ''*gutô'' + ''*landą''. * Götaland '''𐌲𐌰𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Gáutaland). PGem. ''*gautaz'' + ''*landą''. * Göteborg, Gothenburg '''𐌲𐌰𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃''' (Gáutabaúrgs). PGem. ''*gautaz'' + ''*burgz''. * Karlstad '''𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌻𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌸𐍃''' (Karilastaþs). PGem. ''*karilaz'' + ''*stadiz''. * Malmö '''𐌼𐌰𐌻𐌼𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉𐍃''' (Malmaháugōs). OD. ''Malmoghe'' m.pl., ''Malmhauge'', PGem. ''*malmaz'' + ''*haugaz''. * Skåne, Scania '''𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌳𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Skadináuja). ON. ''Skáney'' f., PGem. ''*Skadinawjō''. * Stockholm '''𐍃𐍄𐌿𐌺𐌺𐌰𐌷𐌿𐌻𐌼𐍃''' (Stukkahulms). PGem. ''*stukkaz'' + ''*hulmaz''. * Vänern '''𐍅𐌴𐌽𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (Wēneis). ON. ''Vænir'' m., possibly an ''ija''-derivation of ''vænn'', PGem. ''*Wēnijaz'', from ''*wēniz''. knrwng3qravw5kbi53hm0adtz0bbqke 49437 49436 2026-08-02T23:14:32Z Eiliv 10999 49437 wikitext text/x-wiki Short catalogue of Gothic forms of various Swedish place names. See [[𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃:Eiliv/Norwegian place names|my other list]] for Norwegian place names. * Dalarna '''𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍉𐍃''' (Dalōs). PGem. ''*dalaz''. * Gotland '''𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Gutland). PGem. ''*gutô'' + ''*landą''. * Götaland '''𐌲𐌰𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Gáutaland). PGem. ''*gautaz'' + ''*landą''. * Göteborg, Gothenburg '''𐌲𐌰𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃''' (Gáutabaúrgs). PGem. ''*gautaz'' + ''*burgz''. * Karlstad '''𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌻𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌸𐍃''' (Karilastaþs). PGem. ''*karilaz'' + ''*stadiz''. * Malmö '''𐌼𐌰𐌻𐌼𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉𐍃''' (Malmaháugōs). OD. ''Malmoghe'' m.pl., ''Malmhauge'', PGem. ''*malmaz'' + ''*haugaz''. * Skåne, Scania '''𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌳𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Skadináuja). ON. ''Skáney'' f., PGem. ''*Skadinawjō''. * Stockholm '''𐍃𐍄𐌿𐌺𐌺𐌰𐌷𐌿𐌻𐌼𐍃''' (Stukkahulms). PGem. ''*stukkaz'' + ''*hulmaz''. * Vänern '''𐍅𐌴𐌽𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (Wēneis). ON. ''Vænir'' m., possibly an ''ija''-derivation of ''vænn'', PN. *ᚹᚨᚾᛁᛉ (''*Wānīʀ''), PGem. ''*Wēnijaz'', from ''*wēniz''. 1l05ugxkuzxph8o9xc4eff2b84caafy 0 9170 49408 2026-08-02T12:57:08Z Eiliv 10999 Eiliv 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆 [[𐌳𐌴 𐌼𐍅𐌰𐌽]] 𐌳𐌿 [[𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] 49408 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] 4eu07l3isfj8ogcmx9xj19pg40moyju 0 9171 49411 2026-08-02T13:23:19Z Eiliv 10999 Eiliv 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆 [[𐌻𐌿𐌴𐌹𐌶𐌴𐌹𐌰𐌽𐌰]] 𐌳𐌿 [[𐌷𐌻𐌿𐌳𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳]] 49411 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[𐌷𐌻𐌿𐌳𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳]] 107gio0w65sage10dpmeyhn4lor7h68 0 9172 49414 2026-08-02T13:27:45Z Eiliv 10999 Eiliv 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆 [[𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰𐍀𐍉𐌻𐌹𐍃]] 𐌳𐌿 [[𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] 49414 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] 8u57pb3az8euj6d29yungelw113nw8x 0 9173 49417 2026-08-02T13:32:30Z Eiliv 10999 Eiliv 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆 [[𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌽]] 𐌳𐌿 [[𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌰𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌹𐍃]] 49417 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌰𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌹𐍃]] ry7m75rtexgetjup6e0dyq77vpd9d2w 0 9175 49422 2026-08-02T13:34:43Z Eiliv 10999 Eiliv moved page [[𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌰𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃]] to [[𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌰𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌹𐍃]] over redirect 49422 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌰𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌹𐍃]] ry7m75rtexgetjup6e0dyq77vpd9d2w 0 9176 49430 2026-08-02T17:37:24Z Eiliv 10999 Eiliv 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆 [[𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃]] 𐌳𐌿 [[𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃]] 49430 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃]] mj0or67nyrr2uaqreru0z3kmvifaafi 1 9177 49432 2026-08-02T17:37:24Z Eiliv 10999 Eiliv 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆 [[Talk:𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃]] 𐌳𐌿 [[Talk:𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃]] 49432 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Talk:𐍀𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃]] km3848p75a50giaq464jgdgyzw1r2zp