Wikipedia gpewiki https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.13 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 1450 109055 107929 2026-08-04T21:39:20Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 109055 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|item=Q107548298}} '''Eastern Music Awards''' (EMA)<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230109024444/https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/music/eastern-music-awards-2017-tee-rhyme-koo-ntakra-medikal-pope-skinny-lead-nominations/pxjxdd7 "Tee Rhyme, Koo Ntakra, Medikal, Pope Skinny lead nominations"]. ''Pulse Ghana''. 2017-06-30. Retrieved 2021-03-30.</ref> be award scheme wey dem sheda create say dem go take honor excellence for creative art by Hi5 Entertainment. Dem dey organize every year plus support from PATER, Eastern MUSIGA den oda stakeholders. De awards scheme dey focus more<ref>[https://citinewsroom.com/2018/09/eastern-music-awards-2018-launched-in-koforidua/ "Eastern Music Awards 2018 launched in Koforidua"]. ''Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana''. 2018-09-23. Retrieved 2021-03-30.</ref> give music for industry players wey dey komot [[Eastern Region (Ghana)|Eastern Region]] of Ghana. Every year de awards night dey feature artists wey dey komot various parts of de Eastern Region. De 4th Edition of de Eastern Music Awards take place for Saturday, 19 December 2020.<ref>[https://www.modernghana.com/entertainment/65441/meet-bryt-fms-atesemhemaa-eastern-music-awards.html "Meet Bryt fm's Atesemhemaa, Eastern Music Awards 2020 Red Carpet Host"]. ''Modern Ghana''. Retrieved 2021-03-30.</ref> == Background == Dem launch de Eastern Music Awards for 2017 insyd, wey de first event take place for [[Koforidua]] for Saturday 8 October 2017 insyd.<ref name=":0">[https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Koo-Ntakra-crowned-artiste-of-the-Year-at-Eastern-Music-Awards-2017-588837 "Koo Ntakra crowned artiste of the Year at Eastern Music Awards 2017"]. ''GhanaWeb''. 2017-10-08. Retrieved 2021-03-30.</ref> == Trophy/plaque == Dem modify den change de trophy/plaque dem present give winners ova de years. Now nu, dem take acrylic glass guitar take do de trophy plus EMA wey dey wooden handle top.<ref>Kasa, Kumi (2019-03-03). [http://kumikasa.com/eastern-music-awards-plaques-ready-for-presentation-offei-wonuanie-ema-pro/ "Eastern Music Awards PLAQUES Ready For Presentation – Offei Wonuanie (EMA PRO)"]. ''Kumikasa.Com''. Retrieved 2021-03-30.</ref> == Awards categories == * ''Artist of the Year'' * ''Hiplife/Hip Hop Act of the Year'' * ''Song of the Year'' * ''Hip Hop Song of the Year'' * ''Promoter of the Year'' * ''Collaboration of the Year'' * ''Reggae-Dancehall Song of the Year'' * ''Reggae-Dancehall Act of the Year'' * ''Best Group of the Year'' * ''Eastern International Act of the Year'' * ''East-side Song of the Year'' * ''Rap Act of the Year'' * ''Most Promising Act of the Year'' * ''Gospel Song of the Year'' * ''Gospel Act of the Year'' * ''Highlife Song of the Year'' * ''Highlife Act of the Year'' * ''Male Vocalist of the Year'' * ''Female Vocalist of the Year'' * ''Afropop Song of the Year'' * ''Afropop Act of the Year'' * ''Eastern Pride of the Year'' * ''Most Influential Act of the Year'' * ''Viral Song of the Year'' * ''Sound Engineer of the Year'' * ''Music Producer of the Year'' * ''Music Video of the Year'' * ''Video Director of the Year'' ==== Artist of de Year award winners ==== * 2017: Koo Ntakra<ref name=":0" /><ref>Mortey, Gershon (2017-10-12). [https://www.adomonline.com/koo-ntakra-crowned-artiste-year-2017-darling-eastern-music-awards/ "Koo Ntakra crowned 'Artiste of the Year' at 2017 Darling Eastern Music Awards"]. ''Adomonline.com''. Retrieved 2021-03-30.</ref> * 2018: Kuami Eugene<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230109024443/https://jonilar.net/2018/12/14/eastern-music-awards-full-list-of-winners/ "Eastern Music Awards: Full list of winners"]. ''Jonilar''. 2018-12-14. Retrieved 2021-03-30.</ref> * 2019: Phada Gaza<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200920120205/https://wysepromotions.com/full-list-of-winners-for-eastern-music-awards-2019/ "Full List Of Winners For Eastern Music Awards 2019"]. ''Wyse Promotions''. 2019-12-09. Retrieved 2021-03-30.</ref> * 2020: Stone Gee<ref>[https://dailyguidenetwork.com/ema-2020-stone-gee-grabs-three-awards/ "EMA 2020: Stone Gee Grabs Three Awards"]. ''DailyGuide Network''. 2020-12-22. Retrieved 2021-03-30.</ref> * 2021 Tee Rhyme * 2022 Ko7 * 2023 Stone Gee == References == [[Category:Annual events for Ghana insyd]] [[Category:Ghanaian music awards]] [[Category:Awards establish insyd 2017]] 20vr29aee71k57vwqnll6ktn5c574yo 0 13897 109060 108808 2026-08-04T23:03:16Z DaSupremo 9 Remove databox 109060 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhammad''' (c. 570 – 8 June 632&nbsp;CE) na he be an Arab religious den political leader den de founder of [[Islam]]. According to Islam, na he be a prophet wey dem divinely inspire am make he preach den confirm de monotheistic teachings of Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, den oda prophets. Dem dey believe he be de Seal of de Prophets insyd Islam, den along plus de [[Quran]], ein teachings den normative examples form de basis for Islamic religious belief. Na dem born Muhammad c. 570 CE insyd [[Mecca]]. Na he be de son of Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib den Amina bint Wahb. Ein poppie, Abdullah, de son of Quraysh tribal leader Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim, die around de time na dem born Muhammad. Ein mommie Amina die wen na he dey six, wey e lef Muhammad an orphan. Na he be raised under de care of ein grandpoppie, Abd al-Muttalib, den paternal uncle, Abu Talib. Insyd later years, he go periodically seclude einself insyd a mountain cave dem name Hira for chaw nights of prayer. Wen na he be 40, c. 610, na dem report say Gabriel visit Muhammad insyd de cave wey he receive ein first revelation from God. Insyd 613, Muhammad start dey preach dese revelations publicly, wey he dey proclaim say 'God be One', dat complete 'submission' (Islām) to God (Allāh) be de right way of life (''dīn''), den dat na he be a prophet den messenger of God, similar to de oda prophets insyd Islam.<ref>See: [[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFWelchMoussalliNewby2009|Welch, Moussalli & Newby 2009]] [[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFEsposito1998|Esposito 1998]], pp. 9, 12 [[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFEsposito2002|Esposito 2002]], pp. 4–5 [[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFPeters2003|Peters 2003]], p. 9 [[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFBuhlWelch1993|Buhl & Welch 1993]]</ref> Na Muhammad ein followers initially be few in number, wey dem experience persecution by Meccan polytheists for 13 years. Make dem escape ongoing persecution, he send sam of ein followers to Abyssinia insyd 615, before he den ein followers migrate from Mecca to [[Medina]] (then dem know am as Yathrib) later insyd 622. Dis event, de Hijrah, dey mark de beginning of de Islamic calendar, dem sanso know am as de Hijri calendar. Insyd Medina, Muhammad unite de tribes under de Constitution of Medina. Insyd December 629, after eight years of intermittent fighting plus Meccan tribes, Muhammad gather an army of 10,000 Muslim converts wey dem march on de city of Mecca. Na de conquest largely go uncontested, wey Muhammad seize de city plus minimal casualties. Insyd 632, a few months after he return from de Farewell Pilgrimage, he fall ill den die. By de time of ein death, na chaw of de Arabian Peninsula convert to Islam. De revelations (waḥy) wey dem report Muhammad receive til ein death form de verses (āyah) of de Quran, upon wich Islam dey base, dem be regarded by Muslims as de verbatim word of God den ein final revelation. Besides de Quran, Muhammad ein teachings den practices, dem find insyd transmitted reports, dem know as [[hadith]], den insyd ein biography (sīrah), dem sanso uphold den use as sources of Islamic law. Apart from Islam, dem dey regard Muhammad as one of de prophets insyd de Druze faith den a Manifestation of God insyd de Baháʼí Faith. [[Category:Human]] [[Category:2025 Wiki Dey Love Ramadan Contributions]] [[Category:570s births]] [[Category:632 deaths]] == Biographical sources == [[File:Birmingham_Quran_manuscript.jpg|thumb|Two folios of de Birmingham Quran manuscript, an early manuscript dem wrep insyd Hijazi script likely date within Muhammad ein lifetime between {{circa|568–645|lk=no}}]] === Quran === De [[Quran]] be de central religious text of Islam. Muslims dey believe e dey represent de words of God reveal by de archangel Gabriel to Muhammad.<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|year=2007|title=Qurʾān|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Quran|access-date=24 September 2013|last=Nasr|first=Seyyed Hossein|author-link=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150505001543/https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/487666/Quran|archive-date=5 May 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>''Living Religions: An Encyclopaedia of the World's Faiths'', Mary Pat Fisher, 1997, p. 338, I. B. Tauris.</ref> De Quran dey mainly address to a single "Messenger of God" wey be referred to as Muhammad insyd a number of verses. De Quranic text sanso dey describe de settlement of ein followers insyd Yathrib after dema expulsion by de Quraysh, wey dey briefly mention military encounters such as de Muslim victory at Badr.<ref name="Watt2024">{{Cite encyclopedia|year=2024|title=Muhammad|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Muhammad|access-date=4 February 2023|last1=Watt|first1=William Montgomery|author-link1=|last2=Sinai|first2=Nicolai|author-link2=}}</ref> De Quran, however, dey provide minimal assistance for Muhammad ein chronological biography; chaw Quranic verses no dey provide significant historical context den timeline. Dem no mention by name almost none of Muhammad ein companions insyd de Quran, hence no dey provide sufficient information for a concise biography.<ref name="Watt2024">{{Cite encyclopedia|year=2024|title=Muhammad|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Muhammad|access-date=4 February 2023|last1=Watt|first1=William Montgomery|author-link1=|last2=Sinai|first2=Nicolai|author-link2=}}</ref> Na dem radiocarbon date Birmingham Quran manuscript to between 568 den 645, though na de manuscript ein discoverer assert say de text for de parchment be from a later date.<ref>{{cite book|chapter=3 Radiocarbon Dating and the Origins of the Qur’an|title=Creating the Qur’an: A Historical-Critical Study|jstor=j.ctv2tbwqhq.7|date=2022|page=80|first=Stephen J.|last=Shoemaker|author-link=|publisher=University of California Press}}</ref> === Early biographies === [[File:PERF_No._665.jpg|thumb|An early manuscript of Ibn Hisham ein ''al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah'', dem believe say na dem transmit am by ein students shortly after ein death insyd 833]] Important sources wey dey regard Muhammad ein life dem fi be found insyd de historic works by writers of de 2nd den 3rd centuries of de Hijri era (mostly dey overlap am plus de 8th den 9th centuries&nbsp;CE respectively). Dese dey include traditional Muslim biographies of Muhammad, wich provide additional information about ein life.<ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFReeves2003|Reeves 2003]], pp. 6–7.</ref> === Hadith === [[File:PERF_No._732.jpg|thumb|Early manuscript of de ''Muwatta'' of Malik ibn Anas, dem date within ein lifetime insyd {{circa|780|lk=no}}]] Oda important sources dey include de hadith collections, accounts of verbal den physical teachings den traditions dem attribute to Muhammad. Na dem compile Hadiths by chaw generations after ein death by Muslims wey dey include Muhammad al-Bukhari, Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj, Muhammad ibn Isa at-Tirmidhi, Abd ar-Rahman al-Nasai, Abu Dawood, Ibn Majah, Malik ibn Anas, al-Daraqutni.<ref name="Lewis1993">{{Cite book|last=Lewis|first=Bernard|author-link=|title=Islam and the West|url=https://archive.org/details/islamwest00lewi_0|title-link=|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1993|isbn=978-0195090611|pages=[https://archive.org/details/islamwest00lewi_0/page/34 33]–34}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Jonathan|first=A. C. Brown|author-link=|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nyMKDEAb4GsC&pg=PA9|title=The Canonization of al-Bukhārī and Muslim: The Formation and Function of the Sunnī Ḥadīth Canon|publisher=Brill|year=2007|isbn=978-90-04-15839-9|page=9|quote=We can discern three strata of the Sunni ḥadīth canon. The perennial core has been the ''Ṣaḥīḥayn''. Beyond these two foundational classics, some fourth-/tenth-century scholars refer to a four-book selection that adds the two ''Sunans'' of Abū Dāwūd (d. 275/889) and al-Nāsaʾī (d. 303/915). The Five Book canon, which is first noted in the sixth/twelfth century, incorporates the ''Jāmiʿ'' of al-Tirmidhī (d. 279/892). Finally, the Six Book canon, which hails from the same period, adds either the ''Sunan'' of Ibn Mājah (d. 273/887), the ''Sunan'' of al-Dāraquṭnī (d. 385/995) or the ''Muwaṭṭaʾ'' of Mālik b. Anas (d. 179/796). Later ḥadīth compendia often included other collections as well. None of these books, however, has enjoyed the esteem of al-Bukhārīʼs and Muslimʼs works.}}</ref> == Meccan years == === Early life === Na dem born Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Muhammad Muhammad] [https://web.archive.org/web/20170209125352/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Muhammad Archived] 9 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 15 February 2017.</ref> insyd Mecca {{circa|570|lk=no}}, wey dem dey believe ein birthday be insyd de month of Rabi' al-Awwal. He belong to de Banu Hashim clan of de Quraysh tribe, wich na ebe a dominant force insyd western Arabia. While na ein clan be one of de more distinguished insyd de tribe, e dey seem e experience a lack of prosperity during ein early years.According to Muslim tradition, na Muhammad be a ''hanif'', someone wey profess monotheism insyd pre-Islamic Arabia.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Turner|first=Colin|title=Islam: The Basics|publisher=Routledge|year=2005|isbn=9780415341066|volume=1|page=16}}</ref> Dem sanso claim he be a descendant of Ishmael, Abraham ein son.<ref>{{cite book|first=Louis|last=Jacobs|date=1995|page=272|title=The Jewish Religion: A Companion|url=https://archive.org/details/jewishreligionco0000jaco|isbn=9780198264637|publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref> <div class="depiction">[[File:Mohammed_kaaba_1315.jpg|left|thumb|Miniature from Rashid al-Din Hamadani ein , {{circa|lk=no|1315}}, wey dey illustrate de story of Muhammad ein role insyd re-setting de Black Stone insyd 605 (Ilkhanate period)]]</div> === Beginnings of de Quran === [[File:Cave_Hira.jpg|right|thumb|De cave Hira insyd de mountain Jabal al-Nour wer, according to Muslim belief, Muhammad receive ein first revelation]] De financial security Muhammad enjoy from Khadija, ein wealthy wifey, give am chaw free time make he spend insyd solitude insyd de cave of Hira.<ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFRodgers2012|Rodgers 2012]], p. 35.</ref><ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFNetton2013|Netton 2013]], p. 235.</ref> According to Islamic tradition, insyd 610, wen na he be 40 years old, de angel Gabriel appear to am during visit to de cave.<ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFConrad1987|Conrad 1987]].</ref> De angel show am a cloth plus [[Quran|Quranic verses]] for ein top wey he instruct am make he read. Wen Muhammad confess ein illiteracy, Gabriel choke am forcefully, nearly suffocate am, wey he repeat de command. As Muhammad reiterate ein inability to read, Gabriel san choke am insyd a similar manner. Dis sequence take place once more before Gabriel finally recite de verses, wey he allow Muhammad make he memorize dem.<ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFPeterson2007|Peterson 2007]], p. 51.</ref><ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFKlein1906|Klein 1906]], p. 7.</ref><ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFWensinckRippen2002|Wensinck & Rippen 2002]].</ref> Dese verses later constitute Quran 96:1-5.<ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFRosenwein2018|Rosenwein 2018]], p. 148.</ref> === Opposition insyd Mecca === Around 613, na Muhammad begin dey preach to de public;<ref name="AlAzami2003">Muhammad Mustafa Al-A'zami (2003), ''The History of The Qur'anic Text: From Revelation to Compilation: A Comparative Study with the Old and New Testaments'', pp.&nbsp;26–27. UK Islamic Academy. {{ISBN|978-1-872531-65-6}}.</ref><ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFRamadan2007|Ramadan 2007]], pp. 37–39.</ref> na chaw of ein first followers be women, freedmen, servants, slaves, den oda members of de lower social class.<ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFArmstrong2013|Armstrong 2013]], p. 2, Chapter Two: Jahiliyyah.</ref> Na dese converts keenly await each new revelation from Muhammad; wen he recite am, dem all go repeat after am den memorize am, den de literate ones record am for writing insyd.<ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFArmstrong2007|Armstrong 2007]], pp. 4, 46, Introduction.</ref> Muhammad sanso introduce rituals to ein group wich include prayer (''[[Salah|salat]]'') plus physical postures wey na dem embody complete surrender (''Islam'') to God, den almsgiving (''zakat'') as a requirement of de Muslim community (''ummah'').<ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFArmstrong2013|Armstrong 2013]], p. 14, Chapter Two: Jahiliyyah.</ref> By dis point, na dem know Muhammad ein religious movement as ''tazakka'' ('purification').<ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFArmstrong2013|Armstrong 2013]], p. 15, Chapter Two: Jahiliyyah.</ref><ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFWatt1953|Watt 1953]], p. 68.</ref> === Quraysh delegation to Yathrib === Na de leaders of de Quraysh send Nadr ibn al-Harith den Uqba ibn Abi Mu'ayt to Yathrib make dem seek de opinions of de Jewish rabbis regarding Muhammad. De rabbis advise dem make dem biz Muhammad three questions: recount de tale of young men wey venture forth insyd de first age; narrate de story of a traveler wey reach both de eastern den western ends of de earth; den provide details about de spirit. If Muhammad answer correctly, na dem state say, he go be a Prophet; otherwise, he go be a liar. Wen na dem return to Mecca wey dem biz Muhammad de questions, he tell dem say he go provide de answers de next day. However, na 15 days pass widout a response from ein God, wey lead to gossip among de Meccans wey na e cause Muhammad distress. For sam point later, de angel Gabriel cam to Muhammad wey he provide am plus de answers.<ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREF%E1%B9%A2all%C4%81b%C4%AB2005|Ṣallābī 2005]], pp. 460–461.</ref><ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFPeterson2007|Peterson 2007]], p. 75.</ref> === Migration to Abyssinia den de incident of Satanic Verses === Insyd 615, na Muhammad send sam of ein followers make dem emigrate to de Abyssinian Kingdom of Aksum wey dem find a small colony under de protection of de Christian Ethiopian emperor Aṣḥama ibn Abjar.<ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFBuhlWelch1993|Buhl & Welch 1993]].</ref> Na among those wey depart be Umm Habiba, de daughter of one of de Quraysh chiefs, Abu Sufyan, den ein husby.<ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFCheikh2015|Cheikh 2015]], p. 32.</ref> Na de Quraysh then send two men make dem retrieve dem. Secof na leatherwork for de time be highly prized insyd Abyssinia, dem gather a lot of skins wey dem transport dem der so dem fi distribute sam to each of de kingdom ein generals. Buh na de king firmly reject dema request.<ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFPeters1994|Peters 1994]], pp. 173–174.</ref> Na dem report dis Satanic Verses incident en masse wey na nearly all of de major biographers of Muhammad insyd Islam ein first two centuries document am,<ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFAhmed2017|Ahmed 2017]], pp. 256–257.</ref> wich according to dem dey correspond to Quran 22:52. Buh since de rise of de hadith movement den systematic theology plus ein new doctrines, wey dey include de ''Ismah'', wich claim say na Muhammad be infallible den thus no fi be fooled by Satan, na dem reevaluate de historical memory of de early community. By de 20th century, Muslim scholars unanimously reject dis incident.<ref name="Ahmed1998">{{Cite journal|last=Ahmed|first=Shahab|year=1998|title=Ibn Taymiyyah and the Satanic Verses|journal=Studia Islamica|publisher=Maisonneuve & Larose|volume=87|issue=87|pages=67–124|doi=10.2307/1595926|issn=0585-5292|jstor=1595926}}</ref> === Attempt make he establish einself insyd Ta'if === Insyd 619, na Muhammad face a period of sorrow. Na ein wifey, Khadija, a crucial source of ein financial den emotional support, die.<ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFLapidus2012|Lapidus 2012]], p. 184.</ref> Insyd de same year, na ein uncle den guardian, Abu Talib, sanso die.<ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFRodinson2021|Rodinson 2021]], p. 134.</ref><ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFBrown2011|Brown 2011]], p. 22.</ref> Despite Muhammad ein persuasions to Abu Talib make he embrace Islam for ein deathbed top, he clung to ein polytheistic beliefs til de end.<ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFRodinson2021|Rodinson 2021]], p. 135.</ref><ref name=":0">[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFBrown2011|Brown 2011]], p. 22.</ref> Muhammad ein oda uncle, Abu Lahab, wey succeed de Banu Hashim clan leadership, na he initially be willing say he go provide Muhammad plus protection. However, upon he hear from Muhammad say na dem destine Abu Talib den Abd al-Muttalib for hell secof dem no believe insyd Islam, he withdraw ein support.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[[:en:Muhammad#CITEREFHoltLambtonLewis1977|Holt, Lambton & Lewis 1977]], p. 39</ref> Muhammad then go Ta'if make he try establish einself insyd de city den gain aid den protection against de Meccans, buh na dem meet am plus a response: "''If you are truly a prophet, what need do you have of our help? If God sent you as his messenger, why doesn't He protect you? And if [[Allah]] wished to send a prophet, couldn't He have found a better person than you, a weak and fatherless orphan?''"{{sfn|Adil|2002|pp=145–146}} Na he realize say ein efforts be in vain, Muhammad biz de people of Ta'if make dem keep de matter a secret, wey he dey fear say dis go embolden de hostility of de Quraysh against am. However, instead of make dem accept ein request, dem pelt am plus stones, wey dem injure ein limbs. He eventually evade dis chaos den persecution by he escape go de garden of Utbah ibn Rabi'ah, a Meccan chief plus a summer residence insyd Ta'if. Na Muhammad feel despair secof de unexpected rejection den hostility he receive insyd de city; for dis point, he realize he get no security anaa protection except from God, so he begin dey pray. Shortly der after, na Utbah ein Christian slave Addas stop by wey he offer am grapes, wich na Muhammad accept. By de end of de encounter, na Addas feel overwhelm wey he kiss Muhammad ein head, hands, den feet in recognition of ein prophethood.<ref>Muhammad ibn Ishaq, ''Sirat Rasul Allah'', 280, in A. Guillaume, trans. and ed., ''The Life of Muhammad'' London, 1955, p. 193.</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Watt|first=William Montgomery|author-link=|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yWYH0mHo2AwC|title=The History of al-Ṭabarī|publisher=State University of New York Press|year=1988|isbn=978-1-4384-2340-1|volume=6: Muhammad at Mecca|pages=116–117}}</ref> === Isra' den Mi'raj === [[File:Domeoftherock1.jpg|thumb|Quranic inscriptions for de Dome of de Rock. E dey mark de spot wer Muslims believe Muhammad ascend go heaven.]] E be for dis low point insyd Muhammad ein life wey de accounts insyd de ''Sīrah'' lay out de famous Isra' den Mi'raj. Nowadays, Muslims dey believe Isra' be de journey of Muhammad from Mecca to Jerusalem, while Mi'raj be from Jerusalem to de heavens. Der be consider a no substantial basis for de Mi'raj insyd de Quran, as de Quran no dey address am directly. Verse 17:1 of de Quran dey recount Muhammad ein night journey from a revered place of prayer to de most distant place of worship. De [[Kaaba]], holy enclosure insyd Mecca, dem widely accept am as de starting point, buh der be disagreement among Islamic traditions as to wat dey constitute "de farthest place of worship". Sam modern scholars dey maintain dat na de earliest tradition see dis faraway site as a celestial twin of de Kaaba, so dat Muhammad ein journey take am directly from Mecca thru de heavens. A later tradition, however, dey refer to am as ''Bayt al-Maqdis'', wich be generally associated plus Jerusalem. Over time, dese different traditions merge to present de journey as one wey begin insyd Mecca, wey he pass thru Jerusalem, wey he then ascend to heaven. === Migration to Medina === As na resistance to ein proselytism insyd Mecca grow, Muhammad begin dey limit ein efforts to non-Meccans wey attend fairs anaa dem make pilgrimages. During dis period, Muhammad get an encounter plus six individuals from de Banu Khazraj. Na dese men get a history of raiding Jews insyd dema locality, wey in turn go warn dem say dem go send a prophet make he punish dem. For hearing Muhammad ein religious message, dem say to each oda, "''This is the very prophet of whom the Jews warned us. Don't let them get to him before us!''" Upon dem embrace Islam, dem return to Medina wey dem share dema encounter, dey hope say dem get dema people—de Khazraj den de Aws, wey na e been for odds for so long—accept Islam wey dem adopt Muhammad as dema leader, dem fi achieve unity between dem. == Medinan years == === Building de religious community insyd Medina === A few days after he settle insyd Medina, Muhammad negotiate for de purchase of a piece of land; upon dis plot, de Muslims begin dey construct a building wey go cam turn Muhammad ein residence as well as a community wey dey gather place (''masjid'') for prayer (''[[Salah|salat]]''). Na dem use tree trunks as pillars make dem hold up de roof, wey der be no fancy pulpit; instead, na Muhammad stand for ein top of a small stool make he speak to de congregation. Na dem plete de structure after about seven months insyd April 623, wey e cam be de first Muslim building den mosque; ein northern wall get a stone wey dey mark de direction of prayer (''qibla'') wich na ebe Jerusalem for dat time. Na Muhammad use de building to host public den political meetings, as well as a place give de poor make dem gather to receive alms, food, den care. Na dem sanso dey allow Christians den Jews make dem participate insyd community worship for de mosque. Initially, na Muhammad ein religion no get organized way to call de community to prayer insyd a coordinated manner. To resolve dis, na Muhammad consider make dem use a ram ein horn (''shofar'') like de Jews anaa a wooden clapper like de Christians, buh one of de Muslims insyd de community dream wer a man insyd a green cloak tell am say sam one plus a loud booming voice for announce de service by crying out "Allahu Akbar" ('God be greater') make he remind Muslims of dema top priority; wen Muhammad hear about dis dream, he agree plus de idea wey he select Bilal, a former Abyssinian slave dem know for ein loud voice. === Constitution of Medina === Na de Constitution of Medina be a legal covenant wey Muhammad wrep. Insyd de constitution, Medina ein Arab den Jewish tribes promise make dem live peacefully alongsyd de Muslims den make dem refrain from making a separate treaty plus Mecca. E sanso guarantee de Jews freedom of religion. Insyd de agreement, na dem require everyone under ein jurisdiction make dem defend den protect de oasis if dem attack am. Politically, na de agreement help Muhammad better understand wich people dey for ein side. Ibn Ishaq, dey follow ein narration of de ''Hijrah'', maintain dat na Muhammad pen de text den divulge ein assumed content widout supplying any ''isnad'' anaa corroboration. Dem generally deem de appellation imprecise, as de text neither establish a state anaa enact Quranic statutes, buh rather e address tribal matters. While scholars from both de West den de Muslim world agree for de text ein authenticity, disagreements persist for whether na ebe a treaty anaa a unilateral proclamation by Muhammad, de number of documents e comprise, de primary parties, de specific timing of ein creation (anaa dat of ein constituent parts), whether na dem draft am before anaa after Muhammad ein removal of de three leading Jewish tribes of Medina, den de proper approach to translating am. === Beginning of armed conflict === Dey follow de emigration, de people of Mecca seize property of Muslim emigrants to Medina.<ref>Fazlur Rahman 1979, p. 21.</ref> War go later break out between de people of Mecca den de Muslims. Muhammad deliver Quranic verses wey dey permit Muslims make dem fight de Meccans.<ref>John Kelsay 1993, p. 21.</ref> According to de traditional account, for 11 February 624, while praying insyd de [[Masjid al-Qiblatayn]] insyd Medina, Muhammad receive revelations from God wey he for face Mecca rather dan Jerusalem during prayer. Na Muhammad adjust to de new direction, wey ein companions wey dey pray plus am follow ein lead, beginning de tradition of facing Mecca during prayer. === Conflicts plus Jewish tribes === Once na dem finalise de ransom arrangements for de Meccan captives, he initiate a siege for de Banu Qaynuqa, dem regard dem as de weakest den wealthiest of Medina ein three main Jewish tribes. === Meccan retaliation === Insyd 625, na de Quraysh, weary by Muhammad ein continuous attacks for dema caravans, decide make dem take decisive action. Abu Sufyan wey lead, na dem assemble an army make dem oppose Muhammad. === Raid for de Banu Mustaliq dema top === === Battle of de Trench === === Invasion of de Banu Qurayza === === Incidents plus de Banu Fazara === === Treaty of Hudaybiyya === === Invasion of Khaybar === == Final years == === Conquest of Mecca === <div class="depiction"> [[File:Siyer-i_Nebi_298a.jpg|thumb|A depiction from de ''Siyer-i Nebi'' of Muhammad wey dey advance on Mecca, plus dem veil ein face. Dem sanso show angels Gabriel, Michael, Israfil den Azrael.]] </div> === Farewell pilgrimage === For February 631, Muhammad receive a revelation wey dey grant idolaters four months of grace, after wich de Muslims go attack, kill, den plunder dem wer ver dem meet. During de 632 pilgrimage season, Muhammad personally lead de ceremonies wey he give a sermon. Among de key points dem highlight he say be de prohibition of usury den vendettas wey relate to past murders from de pre-Islamic era; de brotherhood of all Muslims; den de adoption of twelve lunar months widout intercalation. == Death == After he pray for de burial site insyd June 632, Muhammad suffer a dreadful headache wey make am cry in pain. He continue to spend de night plus each of ein wifeys one by one, buh na he faint insyd Maymunah ein hut. Na he request ein wifeys make dem allow am make he stay insyd Aisha ein hut. Na he no fi walk der widout leaning for Ali den Fadl ibn Abbas dema top, as na ein legs dey tremble. Na ein wifeys den ein uncle al-Abbas feed am an Abyssinian remedy wen na he be unconscious. == Tomb == Na dem bury Muhammad wer he die insyd Aisha ein house.<ref>Leila Ahmed 1986, 665–691 (686)</ref> During de reign of de Umayyad caliph al-Walid I, na dem expand de [[Prophet's Mosque]] make e include de site of Muhammad ein tomb.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ariffin|first=Syed Ahmad Iskandar Syed|title=Architectural Conservation in Islam: Case Study of the Prophet's Mosque|publisher=Penerbit UTM|year=2005|isbn=978-983-52-0373-2|page=88}}</ref> Na de Green Dome above de tomb be built by de Mamluk sultan Al Mansur Qalawun insyd de 13th century, although na dem add de green color insyd de 16th century, under de reign of Ottoman sultan Suleiman the Magnificent.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2 May 2005|title=Prophet's Mosque|url=http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=10061|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120323131933/http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=10061|archive-date=23 March 2012|access-date=26 January 2012|publisher=Archnet.org}}</ref> Among tombs adjacent to dat of Muhammad be those of ein companions (''Sahabah''), de first two Muslim caliphs Abu Bakr den Umar, den an empty one wey Muslims believe dey await Jesus.<ref>"Isa", ''Encyclopaedia of Islam''.</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Al-Haqqani|first1=Shaykh Adil|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mzpV0QnOVxsC&pg=PA65|title=The Path to Spiritual Excellence|last2=Kabbani|first2=Shaykh Hisham|author-link2=|publisher=ISCA|year=2002|isbn=978-1-930409-18-7}}</ref> == Succession == [[File:Map_of_expansion_of_Caliphate.svg|right|thumb|Expansion of de caliphate, 622–750&nbsp;CE: {{legend|#a1584e|Muhammad, 622–632&nbsp;CE}} {{legend|#ef9070|Rashidun caliphate, 632–661&nbsp;CE}} {{legend|#fad07d|Umayyad caliphate, 661–750&nbsp;CE}}]] Plus Muhammad ein death, na disagreement break out over who go be ein successor. Na Umar ibn al-Khattab, a prominent companion of Muhammad, nominate Abu Bakr, Muhammad ein paddie den collaborator. Plus additional support, na dem confirm Abu Bakr as de first caliph. == Household == [[File:Mrs_Aisha_room.jpg|thumb|De tomb of Muhammad dey locate insyd de quarters of ein third wifey, Aisha ([[Prophet's Mosque]], Medina).]] Muhammad ein life be traditionally defined into two periods: pre-hijra insyd Mecca (570–622), den post-hijra insyd Medina (622–632). Dem say na Muhammad get thirteen wifeys in total (although two get ambiguous accounts, Rayhana bint Zayd den Maria al-Qibtiyya, as wifey anaa concubine<ref name=":1">Barbara Freyer Stowasser, ''Wives of the Prophet'', Encyclopedia of the Quran</ref>). Na dem say Khadija get four daughters plus Muhammad (Ruqayya bint Muhammad, Umm Kulthum bint Muhammad, Zainab bint Muhammad, Fatimah Zahra) den two sons (Abd Allah ibn Muhammad den Qasim ibn Muhammad, both die insyd dema kiddie time). All buh one of ein daughters, Fatimah, die before am. Sam Shia scholars contend say na Fatimah be Muhammad ein daughter per.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ecAXtwAACAAJ|last=Ordoni|first=Abu-Muhammad|editor-first=Muhammad Sadeq|editor-last=Rahmati|date=1987|pages=32, 42–44|publisher=Ansariyan Publications|title=Fatima the Gracious}}</ref> Na Maria al-Qibtiyya bear am a son dem name Ibrahim ibn Muhammad, wey die at two years old.<ref name="Awde2000">{{cite book|first1=Nicholas|last1=Awde|date=2003|page=24|title=A History of the Islamic World|first2=Fred James|last2=Hill|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9S0XAQAAIAAJ|isbn=9780781810159|publisher=Hippocrene Books}}</ref> Na nine of Muhammad ein wifeys survive am.<ref name=":1" /> == References == <references /> === Sources === * {{Cite book|last=Adil|first=Hajjah Amina|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=31tscfPF4tkC|title=Muhammad, the Messenger of Islam: His Life & Prophecy|publisher=ISCA|year=2002|isbn=978-1-930409-11-8}} * {{Cite encyclopedia|year=2009|title=Dīn|encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World|publisher=Oxford University Press|url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e1102|last=Ahmad|first=Anis|editor-last=Esposito|editor-first=John L.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171205093241/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e1102|archive-date=5 December 2017|url-access=subscription|url-status=usurped}} * {{Cite book|last=Ahmed|first=Shahab|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZCcuDwAAQBAJ|title=Before Orthodoxy: The Satanic Verses in Early Islam|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=2017|isbn=978-0-674-04742-6}} * {{Cite book|last=Al-Bukhari|first=Muhammed Ibn Ismaiel|title=The Translation of the Meanings of Sahih Al-Bukhari: Arabic-English|url=https://archive.org/details/translationofmea0008muha|publisher=Dar-us-Salam|year=1997|isbn=978-9960-717-31-9|translator-last=Khan|translator-first=Muhammad M.}} * {{Cite book|last=Al-Tabari|first=Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Jarir|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sD8_ePcl1UoC|title=The History of al-Ṭabarī|publisher=State University of New York Press|year=1997|isbn=978-0-7914-3150-4|volume=8: The Victory of Islam: Muhammad at Medina A.D. 626-630/A.H. 5-8}} * {{Cite book|last=Al-Tabari|first=Muhammad ibn Jarir|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uyFjzQEACAAJ|title=The History of al-Tabari|publisher=State University of New York Press|year=1987|isbn=978-0-88706-707-5|volume=6: Muhammad at Mecca}} * {{Cite book|last=Anthony|first=Sean W.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_r7LDwAAQBAJ|title=Muhammad and the Empires of Faith: The Making of the Prophet of Islam|publisher=University of California Press|year=2020|isbn=978-0-520-97452-4}} * {{Cite book|last=Ardic|first=Nurullah|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZAXNxxkJKYsC&pg=PA99|title=Islam and the Politics of Secularism|publisher=Routledge|year=2012|isbn=978-1-136-48984-6}} * {{Cite book|last=Arjomand|first=Said Amir|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rNGAEAAAQBAJ|title=Messianism and Sociopolitical Revolution in Medieval Islam|publisher=University of California Press|year=2022|isbn=978-0-520-38759-1}} * {{Cite book|last=Armstrong|first=Karen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dTqRqVNtBfoC|title=Muhammad: A Prophet for Our Time|publisher=Harper Collins|year=2007|isbn=978-0-06-115577-2}} * {{Cite book|last=Armstrong|first=Karen|title=Muhammad: A Prophet for Our Time|publisher=HarperCollins|year=2013|isbn=9780062316837}} * {{Cite book|url=https://brill.com/edcollbook/title/6997|title=Encyclopaedia of Islam|chapter=Encyclopaedia of Islam, Volume XI (V-Z)|publisher=Brill|year=2002|isbn=978-90-04-12756-2|editor-last=Bearman|editor-first=Peri|volume=XI (V–Z)|ref=Bearman et al. 2002|access-date=13 June 2023|editor-last2=Bianquis|editor-first2=Thierry|editor-last3=Bosworth|editor-first3=C. 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Montgomery|edition=2nd|volume=3}} * {{Cite encyclopedia|year=1960|title=Āmina|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam|publisher=Brill|url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/amina-SIM_0601|last=Watt|first=W. Montgomery|edition=2nd|volume=1}} * {{Cite encyclopedia|year=2002|title=Waḥy|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam|publisher=Brill|url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/wahy-COM_1331|edition=2nd|volume=11|last2=Rippen|first2=A.|last1=Wensinck|first1=A. J.}} * {{Cite encyclopedia|year=1990|title=Ka'ba|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam|publisher=Brill|url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/kaba-COM_0401?lang=en|edition=2nd|volume=4|last2=Jomier|first2=J.|last1=Wensinck|first1=A. J.}} ==External links== {{Sister project links|Muhammad|d=Q9458|c=Category:Muhammad|v=yes|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|species=no|n=no|s=Author:Muhammad|b=no}}{{Authority control}} [[Category:570s births]] [[Category:632 deaths]] [[Category:6th-century Arab people]] [[Category:7th-century Arab people]] [[Category:7th-century Islamic religious leaders]] [[Category:7th-century merchants]] [[Category:7th-century military personnel]] [[Category:7th-century Asian people]] [[Category:Adoptees]] [[Category:Angelic visionaries]] [[Category:Arab generals]] [[Category:Arab Muslims]] [[Category:Arab politicians]] [[Category:Arab prophets]] [[Category:Arab slave owners]] [[Category:7th-century diplomats]] [[Category:Entering heaven alive]] [[Category:Founders of religions]] [[Category:Medina]] [[Category:Miracle workers]] [[Category:Muhammad| ]] [[Category:People wey komot Mecca]] [[Category:Prophets of de Quran]] [[Category:Prophets insyd de Druze faith]] [[Category:Quraysh]] [[Category:The Fourteen Infallibles]] [[Category:Characters insyd de Divine Comedy]] i6jk3b8f229fd0xvfj4vkdzptjt4n9i 0 25505 109030 108629 2026-08-04T16:29:03Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 109030 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ellen Eugenia Johnson Sirleaf''' (dem born am 29 October 1938) be Liberian politician wey serve as de 24th presido of Liberia from 2006 to 2018. Sirleaf be de first dem elect am female head of state for Africa insyd.<ref>[https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u271942 "Johnson Sirleaf, Ellen Eugenia, (born 29 Oct. 1938), President of Liberia, since 2006"], Who's Who, Oxford University Press, 1 December 2015, [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u271942|10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u271942]], retrieved 30 March 2022</ref><ref>Hough, Lory (10 September 2006). [https://www.hks.harvard.edu/research-insights/policy-topics/public-leadership-management/ellen-johnson-sirleaf "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf: From HKS to the campaign trail"]. [[:en:Harvard_Kennedy_School|Harvard Kennedy School]]. Retrieved 7 September 2024.</ref> Dem born Sirleaf for Monrovia insyd to a Gola poppie den Kru-German mommie. Dem educate am for de College of West Africa. Sirleaf be Harvard-trained economist. She fini ein education for de [[United States]] insyd, wey she study at Madison Business College, de University of Colorado Boulder, den Harvard University. She return to Liberia to work for William Tolbert ein government as Deputy Minister of Finance from 1973 to 1974. Later, she work again for de West insyd, give de World Bank for de Caribbean den Latin America insyd. For 1979 insyd, she receive a cabinet appointment as Minister of Finance, wey e serve to 1980. After Samuel Doe seize power for 1980 insyd for a coup d'état insyd den execute Tolbert, Sirleaf flee to de United States. She work give Citibank den de Equator Bank. She return to Liberia to contest a senatorial seat give Montserrado County for 1985 insyd, an election dat dem dispute am. Dem arrest am as a result of ein open criticism of de military government for 1985 insyd den dem sentence am to ten years imprisonment, although dem later release am.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf | Biography, Nobel Peace Prize, & Facts"]. Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 20 May 2021.</ref> Sirleaf continue dey involve for politics insyd. She fini for second place insyd at de 1997 presidential election, wey Charles Taylor win am. She win de 2005 presidential election den take office for 16 January 2006 top. Dem re-elect am for 2011 insyd. She be de first woman for Africa insyd wey dem elect am as president of ein country. She win de [[Nobel Peace Prize]] for 2011 insyd, in recognition of ein efforts to bring women into de peacekeeping process. She receive numerous oda awards give ein leadership. For June 2016 insyd, dem elect Sirleaf as de Chair of de [[ECOWAS|Economic Community of West African States]], wey e make am de first woman wey hold de position since dem create am.<ref>[http://www.ghanastar.com/africa-news/liberias-president-sirleaf-elected-new-ecowas-chair/ "Liberia's President Ellen Sirleaf, Becomes First Female ECOWAS Chair"]. GhanaStar.com. 5 June 2016. Retrieved 5 June 2016.</ref> == Ein family background == Sirleaf ein poppie be Gola den ein mommie be mix Kru den [[Germany|German]] ancestry.<ref>Kramer, Reed (11 December 2005). [https://web.archive.org/web/20190714182739/https://allafrica.com/stories/200512110034.html "Liberia: Showered With Enthusiasm, Liberia's President-Elect Receives High-Level Reception in Washington"]. All Africa.com. Retrieved 15 December 2005.</ref><ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200505033400/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/110053359600/Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf "Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf"]. [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|Encyclopædia Britannica]]. Archived from [https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/110053359600/Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf the original] on 5 May 2020. Retrieved 14 December 2010.</ref><ref>[https://theelders.org/ "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf"]. theelders.org.</ref> While no for fact insyd Americo-Liberian for terms of ancestry insyd, sekof ein parents ein upbringing den ein own education for de West insyd, dem consider Sirleaf to be culturally Americo-Liberian, anaa dem assume am to be Americo-Liberian. Ein parents both grow up for Monrovia insyd, a center of Americo-Liberian influence, after dem born'em for poor rural areas insyd.<ref>Kofa, Tleh (28 September 2005). [https://web.archive.org/web/20090609153320/http://www.theliberiandialogue.org/articles/c092805tws.htm "Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf finally confesses to funding Liberian civil war"]. The Liberian Dialogue. Archived from [http://www.theliberiandialogue.org/articles/c092805tws.htm the original] on 9 June 2009. Retrieved 14 March 2010.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100826061038/http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/liberia/sirleaf.html "Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf: Liberia's 'Iron Lady'"]. [[:en:CBC_News|CBC News]]. 28 March 2006. Archived from [http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/liberia/sirleaf.html the original] on 26 August 2010. Retrieved 3 September 2010.</ref><ref>Koblanck, Anna (4 November 2005). [https://web.archive.org/web/20051112173743/http://www.womensenews.org/article.cfm/dyn/aid/2518/context/archive "Liberian Becomes Africa's First Elected Female Prez"]. [[:en:Women's_eNews|Women's eNews]]. Archived from [http://www.womensenews.org/article.cfm/dyn/aid/2518/context/archive the original] on 12 November 2005. Retrieved 13 April 2006.</ref> Sirleaf no identify as such. Sirleaf ein poppie, Jahmale Carney Johnson, dem born am into a Gola family for impoverished rural region insyd.<ref name=":1">"Ellen!". [[:en:Harvard_Kennedy_School|Harvard Kennedy School]] of [[:en:Harvard_University|Harvard University]]. Spring 2006.</ref> He be de kiddie of a minor Gola chief named Jahmale Carney den one of ein wives, Jenneh, for Julijuah, Bomi County insyd.<ref name=":2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20190107043808/http://www.liberiapastandpresent.org/JohnsonSirleaf/TribalRoots.htm "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf's tribal roots and Americo Liberian background"]. Liberia Past And Present. Archived from [http://www.liberiapastandpresent.org/JohnsonSirleaf/TribalRoots.htm the original] on 7 January 2019. Retrieved 14 December 2010.</ref> Dem send ein poppie to Monrovia give education, wey he change ein surname to Johnson sekof ein poppie ein loyalty to Presido Hilary R. W. Johnson, Liberia ein first native-born presido.<ref name=":2" /> Jahmale Johnson grow up for Monrovia insyd, wey dem raise am by Americo-Liberian family plus de surname McCritty.<ref name=":2" /> He later enter politics; he be de first Liberian from an indigenous ethnic group wey dem elect to de country ein national legislature.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Dem born Sirleaf ein mommie into poverty, for Greenville insyd.<ref name=":2" /> Ein grandmother, Juah Sarwee, send Sirleaf ein mommie to de capital, Monrovia, wen ein German husband (Sirleaf ein grandfather) get to flee de country after Liberia declare war for [[Germany]] top during World War I.<ref name=":1" /> Cecilia Dunbar, a member of a prominent Americo-Liberian family for de capital insyd, Sirleaf ein mommie adopt den raise am.<ref name=":2" /> == Ein early life den career == Dem born Sirleaf for Monrovia insyd for 1938 insyd.<ref name=":1" /> She go de College of West Africa, a preparatory school, from 1948 to 1955. She marry James Sirleaf wen she dey seventeen years old. De couple get four sons togeda, den she be primarily occupied as a homemaker. Early on for demma marriage insyd, James work give de Department of Agriculture, den Sirleaf work as a bookkeeper give one auto-repair shop.<ref name=":3">[https://www.achievement.org/achiever/ellen-johnson-sirleaf/#interview "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Biography and Interview"]. www.achievement.org. [[:en:American_Academy_of_Achievement|American Academy of Achievement]].</ref> She travel plus ein husband to de United States for 1961 insyd to continue ein education den earn one associate degree for Accounting insyd for Madison Business College, for Madison, Wisconsin insyd.<ref name=":14">Bergner, Daniel (22 October 2010). "An Uncompromising Woman". [[:en:New_York_Times_Magazine|New York Times Magazine]].</ref> Wen dem return to Liberia, James continue ein work for de Agriculture Department den Sirleaf pursue a career for de Treasury Department insyd (Ministry of Finance).<ref name=":3" /> Dem divorce for 1961 insyd sekof James ein abuse.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[http://www.encyclopedia.com/people/history/african-history-biographies/ellen-johnson-sirleaf "Sirleaf, Ellen Johnson"]. Encyclopedia.com.</ref><ref name=":3" /> Sirleaf return to college to fini ein bachelor's degree. For 1970 insyd, she earn a BA for economics insyd from de Economics Institute of de University of Colorado Boulder,<ref>[https://www.colorado.edu/artsandsciences/economics "Economics"]. CU Boulder website. Retrieved 4 January 2019.</ref> wey she sanso spend a summer wey dey prepare give graduate studies. Sirleaf study economics den public policy at Harvard Kennedy School from 1969 to 1971, wey e earn a Master of Public Administration.<ref>[https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2011/03/the-voice-of-reform/ "The voice of reform"]. Harvard Gazette. 10 March 2011.</ref> She return to ein native Liberia to work for de administration of William Tolbert insyd, wey dem appoint am as Assistant Minister of Finance. Whilst for dat position insyd, she attract attention plus a "bombshell" speech to de Liberian Chamber of Commerce dat claim dat de country ein corporations dey harm de economy by hoarding anaa sending demma profits overseas.<ref>Robinson, Jack. "Mrs. Sirleaf on 'Stimulating the Economy'", Liberian Age, 29 June 1973, pp. 1–2.</ref> Sirleaf serve as Assistant Minister from 1972 to 1973 for de Tolbert administration insyd. She resign after a disagreement about government wey dey spend. Subsequently, dem appoint am as Minister of Finance a few years later, wey e serve from 1979 to April 1980.<ref>Agaba, Dennis. [http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/221491/ "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf: First female African president"]. The New Times Rwanda. Retrieved 13 November 2017.</ref> Master Sergeant Samuel Doe, a member of de indigenous Krahn ethnic group, seize power for a military coup insyd for 12 April 1980 insyd; he order de assassination of Tolbert den execution wey he fire squad of all but four members of ein Cabinet. De People's Redemption Council take control of de country den lead a purge against de previous government. Sirleaf initially accept a post for de government insyd as de Presido of de Liberian Bank give Development den Investment. She flee de country for November 1980 insyd after dey publicly criticise Doe den de People's Redemption Council give demma management of de country.<ref>Sherman, Frank (31 January 2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=1lstRzSWEcUC&dq=She+fled+the+country+in+November+1980+after+publicly+criticising+Doe+and+the+People%27s+Redemption+Council+for+their+management+of+the+country+ellen+johnson&pg=PA198 Liberia: The Land, Its People, History and Culture]. New Africa Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-9987-16-025-9|978-9987-16-025-9]].</ref> Sirleaf initially move to Washington, D.C., den work give de World Bank.<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/when-the-world-bank-came-to-ellen-johnson-sirleafs-rescue/2017/03/17/e77f2f34-08f3-11e7-bd19-fd3afa0f7e2a_story.html "Opinion | When the World Bank came to Ellen Johnson Sirleaf's rescue"]. The Washington Post. Retrieved 13 November 2017.</ref> For 1981 insyd, she move to Nairobi, Kenya to serve as Vice Presido of de African Regional Office of Citibank. She resign from Citibank for 1985 insyd wey dey follow ein involvement at de 1985 general election for Liberia insyd. She go work give Equator Bank,<ref>[http://harvardafricaalumni.com/project/president-ellen-johnson-sirleaf/ "President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf | Harvard Africa Alumni Action Forum"]. harvardafricaalumni.com. Retrieved 13 November 2017.</ref> a subsidiary of HSBC. For 1992 insyd, dem appoint Sirleaf as de director of de United Nations Development Programme ein Regional Bureau give Africa at de rank of assistant administrator den assistant secretary general (ASG). Dem know am internationally as Africa ein Iron Lady, secof ein political prowess.<ref>[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2011/johnson_sirleaf/biographical/ "The Nobel Peace Prize 2011"]. NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 20 May 2021.</ref> She resign from dis role for 1997 insyd in order to run give de presidency of Liberia. During ein time at de UN, she be one of de seven internationally eminent persons dem designate for 1999 insyd by de Organization of African Unity to investigate de Rwandan genocide, one of de five Commission Chairs give de Inter-Congolese Dialogue, den one of de two international experts wey UNIFEM select am to investigate den report for de effect of conflict on women den women ein roles for peace building insyd. She be de initial Chairperson of de Open Society Initiative for West Africa (OSIWA) den a visiting Professor of Governance at de [[Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration|Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIMPA)]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=80SvCmSTxGoC&dq=She+went+to+work+for+Equator+Bank,+a+subsidiary+of+HSBC.+ellen+johnson&pg=PA45 African Leaders]. Bankole Kamara Taylor.</ref> == Ein political career == === 1985 general election === While e dey work for Citibank, Sirleaf return to Liberia for 1985 insyd to run give Vice Presido under Jackson Doe for de ticket of de Liberian Action Party top for de 1985 elections insyd. Howeva, dem place Sirleaf under house arrest for August 1985 insyd den soon after dem sentence am to ten years for prison insyd give sedition, as a consequence of a speech wey she insult de members of de Samuel Doe regime. Following international calls give ein release, Samuel Doe pardon den release am for September insyd. Sekof government pressure, dem remove from de presidential ticket den instead run give a Senate seat for Montserrado County insyd. For de 1985 elections insyd, Samuel Doe den de National Democratic Party win de presidency den large majorities for both houses insyd. Dem widely condemn de elections as neither free nor fair. Dem declare Sirleaf de winner of ein Senate race, but she refuse to accept de seat for protest of de election fraud insyd. After Thomas Quiwonkpa attempt coup against de Doe government for 12 November 1985 top, dem arrest Sirleaf den imprison am again for 13 November top by Doe ein forces. Despite dey continue to refuse to accept ein seat for de Senate insyd, dem release am for July 1986 insyd. She secretly flee de country to de United States later dat year.<ref name=":4">Kasuka, Bridgette (2013). [https://books.google.com/books?id=k2nxqV2R7_8C&q=sirleaf+exile+in+abidjan&pg=PA221 Prominent African Leaders Since Independence]. New Africa Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9789987160266|9789987160266]].</ref> === 1997 presidential campaign === [[File:Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf 2005.jpg|thumb|Sirleaf wey dey campaign for Monrovia insyd for 2005 insyd, shortly before dem elect am]] At de beginning of de First Liberian Civil War for 1989 insyd, Sirleaf support Charles Taylor ein rebellion against Doe. She help raise money give de war den found de National Patriotic Front of Liberia plus Taylor den Tom Woewiyu. Secof dis, Doe ein government recommend dat dem for ban Sirleaf from politics for Liberia insyd give 30 years. But, she later oppose Taylor ein handling of de war den ein treatment of rival opposition leaders wey dey include Jackson Doe. By 1996, de presence of Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) peacekeepers lead to a cessation of hostilities. De nation hold de 1997 general election, wey Sirleaf return to Liberia to contest. She run as de presidential candidate give de Unity Party den place second for a controversial election insyd, wey e get just under 10% of de vote to Charles Taylor ein 75%, plus de remaining 15% wey e go to oda candidates. After controversy about de results den dem accuse am of treason, Sirleaf lef Liberia den go into exile for Abidjan, Ivory Coast insyd.<ref name=":4" /> === 2005 presidential campaign === After de end of de Second Liberian Civil War den de establishment of a transitional government, dem propose Sirleaf as a possible candidate give chairman of de government. Ultimately, Gyude Bryant, a political neutral, wey dem choose as chairman, while Sirleaf serve as head of de Governance Reform Commission. Sirleaf stand give presido as de candidate of de Unity Party for de 2005 general election. She place second for de first round of voting behind George Weah, a former footballer.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf | Biography, Nobel Peace Prize, & Facts"]. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 13 November 2017.</ref> For a subsequent run-off election insyd, Sirleaf earn 59% of de vote versus 40% give Weah, though Weah dispute de results. Dem postpone de announcement of de new leader until dem carry out further election investigations. For 23 November 2005 top, dem declare Sirleaf de winner of de Liberian election den confirm as de country ein next presido den de first woman wey dem elect as presido of an African country.<ref>Fickling, David (23 November 2005). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2005/nov/23/davidfickling?INTCMP=ILCNETTXT3487 "Johnson-Sirleaf declared Liberian president"]. The Guardian. London. Retrieved 22 November 2011.</ref> Ein inauguration take place for 16 January 2006 top. Many foreign dignitaries attend am, wey dey include United States Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice den First Lady Laura Bush. === 2011 presidential campaign === [[File:Tawakkul Karman Leymah Gbowee Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Nobel Peace Prize 2011 Harry Wad.jpg|thumb|From left to right: Tawakkul Karman, Leymah Gbowee, den Ellen Johnson Sirleaf display demma awards during de presentation of de Nobel Peace Prize, 10 December 2011.]] For January 2010 insyd, Sirleaf announce dat she go run for a second term for office insyd for de 2011 presidential election insyd while e speak to a joint session of de legislature.<ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8480344.stm "Liberia President Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf to stand again"][[:en:BBC_News|. BBC News]]. 26 January 2010. Retrieved 10 October 2012.</ref> Opposition leaders note dat in doing so, she break a promise wey e make during ein 2005 campaign to only serve one term if dem elect am.<ref>Keating, Joshua E. (19 August 2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20121024072818/http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/08/19/the_men_who_would_be_queen "The Men Who Would Be Queen"]. [[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]. Archived from [https://foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/08/19/the_men_who_would_be_queen the original] on 24 October 2012. Retrieved 10 October 2012.</ref> Dem renominate Sirleaf as de Unity Party ein presidential candidate at de party ein national convention for 31 October 2010 top.<ref name=":5">Kamara, Varney (1 November 2010). [http://allafrica.com/stories/201011010544.html "Sirleaf, Boakai Get Sec-Term Mandate"]. [[:en:AllAfrica.com|allAfrica.com]]. Retrieved 10 October 2012.</ref> Dat same day, Sirleaf nominate Vice Presido Joseph Boakai den confirm by de delegates as Sirleaf ein running mate.<ref name=":5" /> De awarding of de Nobel Peace Prize to Sirleaf four days prior to de election spark criticism from opposition parties, plus Congress for Democratic Change candidate Winston Tubman dey bell de award "undeserved" den "a political interference in our country's politics."<ref>Ford, Tamasin (9 October 2011). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/oct/09/ellen-johnson-siraf-nobel-liberia?newsfeed=true "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf faces a tough presidential election in Liberia"]. The Guardian. London. Retrieved 10 October 2012.</ref> Sirleaf bell de timing of de award a coincidence den avoid dey mention de award during de final days of campaigning.<ref>Nossiter, Adam (9 October 2011). [https://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/10/world/africa/on-the-campaign-trail-liberias-sirleaf-plays-down-nobel-win.html?_r=1&scp=1&sq=liberia%20sirleaf%20election&st=cse "Nobel Winner Doesn't Want to Talk About It on the Campaign Trail"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]. Retrieved 10 October 2012.</ref> Sirleaf garner 43.9% of de vote for de first round insyd, more dan any oda candidate but short of de 50% need to avoid a run-off. Tubman cam for second insyd plus 32.7%, wey e pit am against Sirleaf for de second round insyd.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15609008 "Sirleaf urges Liberians to vote despite Tubman boycott"]. BBC News. 5 November 2011. Retrieved 10 October 2012.</ref> Tubman bell give a boycott of de run-off, wey e claim dat de results of de first round be fraudulent.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15602130 "Liberia election: Tubman to boycott run-off"]. BBC News. 4 November 2011. Retrieved 4 November 2011.</ref> Sirleaf deny de allegations, den international observers report dat de first round election be free, fair den transparent.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111122204928/http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/regions/africa/111108/polls-open-liberia-runoff "Polls open for Liberian run-off vote"]. Global Post. 8 November 2011. Archived from [http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/regions/africa/111108/polls-open-liberia-runoff the original] on 22 November 2011. Retrieved 22 November 2011.</ref> As a result of de boycott, Sirleaf win de second round plus 90.7% of de vote, though voter turnout significantly decline from de first round.<ref>[https://news.yahoo.com/liberias-sirleaf-appoints-nun-probe-poll-violence-135104473.html "Liberia's Sirleaf appoints nun to probe poll violence"]. Yahoo! News. Agence France-Presse. 15 November 2011. Retrieved 22 November 2011.</ref> Following de election, Sirleaf announce de creation of a "national peace and reconciliation initiative," wey Nobel Peace Prize laureate Leymah Gbowee lead am, to address de country ein divisions den begin "a national dialogue dat go bring us togeda."<ref>Johnson Sirleaf, Ellen (11 November 2011). [http://frontpageafricaonline.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1785:allow-legal-process-to-run-course-sirleaf-on-closure-of-media-institutions&catid=42:politics&Itemid=109 "Allow Legal Process to Run Course: Sirleaf on Closure of Media Institutions"]. Executive Mansion. FrontPageAfrica. Retrieved 11 November 2011.</ref> She take de presidential oath give ein second presidency for 16 January 2012 top.<ref>Mawolo, Adolphus (16 January 2012). [https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jEVWZm2z3vK4M6Buk3SAejnFr6og?docId=CNG.f4017fd8fc0fc29b1e449bac606e4e13.201 "Liberia's Sirleaf takes presidential oath"]. AFP / Google. Agence France-Presse. Retrieved 16 January 2012.</ref> === 2017 presidential campaign === Sirleaf cross party lines to support George Weah for de 2017 presidential campaign insyd.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-42681795 "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf: Liberia's president expelled from her party"]. BBC News. 14 January 2018. Retrieved 14 January 2018.</ref> For de late evening hours of 13 January 2018, dem expel am along plus sam officials of de Unity Party<ref>Reporter, FPA. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20180114040115/http://www.frontpageafricaonline.com/index.php/politics/6616-liberia-s-outgoing-ruling-party-expels-president-sirleaf FPA - Liberia's Outgoing Ruling Party Expels President Sirleaf"]. www.frontpageafricaonline.com. Archived from [http://www.frontpageafricaonline.com/index.php/politics/6616-liberia-s-outgoing-ruling-party-expels-president-sirleaf the original] on 14 January 2018. Retrieved 14 January 2018.</ref> by de National Executive Committee of de party, give dey fail to support Unity Party presidential candidate, den Sirleaf Vice Presido, Joseph Boakai. == Ein presidency == === Domestics policy === [[File:Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf3.jpg|thumb|Sirleaf at ein inauguration for Monrovia insyd]] A fire break out at de Executive Mansion for 26 July 2006, wey e seriously damage de structure. Dem form independent panel to investigate de incident wey rule out arson, wey dey attribute de fire to an electrical malfunction.<ref>[https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-2006-09-04-voa23/328141.html "In Liberia, Report on Executive Mansion Fire Rules Out Arson"]. [[:en:Voice_of_America|Voice of America]]. 4 September 2006.</ref> Sirleaf ein government bell funding give de repair of de mansion a low priority for de face of more pressing needs, plus Sirleaf wey e transfer ein office to de nearby Foreign Ministry building den dey choose to live at ein personal home for Monrovia insyd.<ref>Daygbor, Nathaniel (20 September 2010). [http://www.thenewdawnliberia.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1552:mansions-renovation-not-priority&catid=25:politics&Itemid=59 "Mansion's Renovation Not Priority"]. The New Dawn.</ref><ref>Gordon, Glenna (19 August 2009). [http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/africa/090818/liberias-squatters-monrovia "Inside Liberia's Other Executive Mansion"]. [[:en:GlobalPost|GlobalPost]].</ref> For 26 July 2007 top, Sirleaf celebrate Liberia ein 160th Independence Day under de theme "Liberia at 160: Reclaiming the future." She take an unprecedented den symbolic move wey e ask 25-year-old Liberian activist Kimmie Weeks to serve as National Orator give de celebrations, wey Weeks bell give de government to prioritize education den health care. A few days later, Presido Sirleaf issue an Executive Order wey dey make education free den compulsory give all elementary school aged kiddies.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=80SvCmSTxGoC&q=On+26+July+2007%2C+Sirleaf+celebrated+Liberia%27s+160th+independence+anniversary&pg=PA49 African Leaders]. Bankole Kamara Taylor.</ref> For 4 October 2010 top, Sirleaf sign into law a Freedom of Information bill, de first legislation of ein kind for West Africa insyd.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260316132112/http://www.freedominfo.org/2010/10/liberian-president-sirleaf-signs-foi-law-regional-first/ "Liberian President Sirleaf Signs FOI Law; Regional First"], freedominfo.org, 5 October 2010.</ref><ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/201010070050.html "Liberia: President Signs Freedom of Information Law"]. [[:en:AllAfrica.com|allAfrica.com]]. 6 October 2010.</ref> In recognition of dis, she becam de first sitting head of state wey receive de Friend of de Media for Africa Award from De African Editor ein Union insyd.<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/201010200893.html "Sirleaf Sets Continental Record"]. allAfrica.com. 20 October 2010.</ref> For 1 April 2011 top, Sirleaf tell reporters dat she plan to charge an opposition candidate plus sedition give dey organize a rally wey dey protest corruption for de government insyd. Ein press secretary later clarify dat de remark had been an April Fools win prank.<ref>[http://www.newdemocratnews.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=592:the-presidents-april-fool&catid=47:national&Itemid=70 "The President's 'April Fool'"]. New Democrat. 5 April 2011.</ref> === Debt relief === From de beginning of ein presidency, Sirleaf vow to make reduction of de national debt, wey stand at approximately US$4.9 billion for 2006 insyd, a top priority give ein administration. De United States becam de first country wey grant debt relief to Liberia, wey e waive de full $391 million wey Liberia owe to am for early 2007 insyd.<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/200702160283.html "Liberia: Pres. Johnson-Sirleaf Returns Triumphantly"]. Africa News. 16 February 2007.</ref> For September of dat year insyd, de G-8 wey German Chancellor Angela Merkel head am provide $324.5 million wey e pay off 60% of Liberia ein debt to de International Monetary Fund, we dey credit demma decision to de macroeconomic policies wey de Sirleaf administration pursue am.<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/200709250326.html "Liberia: G-8 Rallies for Country's Debts"]. Africa News. 24 September 2007.</ref> For April 2009 insyd, de government successfully write off an additional $1.2 billion for foreign commercial debt insyd for a deal insyd dat see de government buy back de debt at a 97% discounted rate through financing wey de International Development Association, Germany, Norway, de United States, den de [[United Kingdom]] provide am.<ref name=":6">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110722152057/http://www.emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1143 "Liberia Slashes USD$1.2 Billion Commercial Debt"] (Press release). Monrovia: The Executive Mansion. 16 April 2009. Archived from [http://www.emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1143 the original] on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 14 December 2010.</ref> De discounted rate be de largest ever give a developing country.<ref name=":6" /> Dem deem de country eligible to participate for de Heavily Indebted Poor Countries initiative insyd for 2008 insyd.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120118214801/http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE61F0G020100216 "Liberia on track for HIPC debt relief this year: IMF"]. Reuters Africa. 16 February 2010. Archived from [https://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE61F0G020100216 the original] on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 5 August 2010.</ref> For June 2010 insyd, de country reach de completion point of de HIPC initiative, wey e qualify am give relief from ein entire external debt.<ref>Kennedy, George (2 June 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100605033609/http://www.liberianobserver.com/node/6692 "Liberia Reaches HIPC Completion Point"]. The Liberian Observer. Archived from [http://www.liberianobserver.com/node/6692 the original] on 5 June 2010. Retrieved 10 October 2010.</ref> Dat same month, de World Bank den IMF agree to fund $1.5 billion in writing off de Liberia ein multilateral debt.<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/201006291216.html "Liberia: IMF and World Bank Announce U.S.$4.6 Billion Debt Relief"]. AllAfrica.com. 29 June 2010.</ref> For 16 September insyd, de Paris Club agree to cancel $1.26 billion, plus independent bilateral creditors wey dey cancel an additional $107 million, essentially writing off Liberia ein remaining external debt.<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/201009170015.html "Liberia: Paris Club Clears More Than U.S.$1 Billion Debt Liberia Owes Its Creditors"]. AllAfrica.com. 16 September 2010.</ref> Sirleaf vow to prevent unsustainable borrowing for de future insyd by restricting annual borrowing to 3% of GDP den limiting expenditure of all borrowed funds to one-off infrastructure projects.<ref>Toweh, Alphonso (19 July 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120120182915/http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE66I0CW20100719 "Liberia ready to borrow again: finance minister"]. Reuters Africa. Archived from [https://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE66I0CW20100719 the original] on 20 January 2012.</ref> === Truth den Reconciliation Commission === [[File:Ellen Johnson Sirleaf gc2008.jpg|thumb|Presido Sirleaf dey address de 2008 General Conference of de United Methodist Church for Fort Worth, Texas insyd]] For 2006 insyd, de Truth den Reconciliation Commission begin work plus a mandate to "promote national peace, security, unity den reconciliation" by investigating more dan 20 years of civil conflict for de country insyd. Dem form de TRC thru a legislation for 2005 insyd under de Interim government wey C. Gyude Bryant head am. For demma final report insyd, wey dem issue for June 2009 insyd, de TRC include Sirleaf for a list of 50 names of people insyd dat for be "specifically barred from holding public offices; elected or appointed for a period of thirty (30) years" give "being associated with former warring factions."<ref>[https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5joAaW2DuzNDfyi8t7h4X594XcHCg "Sirleaf should be banned from office: Liberia truth commission"]. [[:en:Agence_France-Presse|Agence France-Presse]]. 6 July 2009. Retrieved 9 October 2012.</ref> De ban dem propose stem from ein financial support of former Presido Taylor for de early years of de First Liberian Civil War insyd. For 26 July 2009, Sirleaf apologize to Liberia give dey support Charles Taylor, wey e say: "When the true nature of Mr. Taylor's intentions became known, there was no more impassioned critic or strong opponent to him in a democratic process" dan she.<ref>Gettleman, Jeffrey (13 August 2009). [https://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/14/world/africa/14diplo.html "Clinton Supports President of Liberia"]. The New York Times.</ref> For 28 August top, de legislature announce dem for "consult our constituents for about a year" before dem decide whether dem go implement de Commission ein recommendations anaa dem no go do.<ref>Konneh, Ansu (28 August 2010). [https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601116&sid=aIqClsvAY9T0 "Liberian Parliament Delay Action on Truth Commission Findings"]. [[:en:Bloomberg_News|Bloomberg News]].</ref> During an appearance at de Council for Foreign Relations top for 2010 insyd, Sirleaf argue dat de implementation of de TRC ein recommended ban go fi unconstitutionally violate ein right to due process.<ref name=":8">[https://web.archive.org/web/20101019055745/http://www.cfr.org/publication/22222/conversation_with_ellen_johnson_sirleaf_president_republic_of_liberia.html "A Conversation with Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, President, Republic of Liberia"]. [[:en:Council_on_Foreign_Relations|Council on Foreign Relations]]. 25 May 2010. Archived from [http://www.cfr.org/publication/22222/conversation_with_ellen_johnson_sirleaf_president_republic_of_liberia.html the original] on 19 October 2010. Retrieved 30 October 2010.</ref> For October 2010 insyd, de chairman of Sirleaf ein Unity Party, Varney Sherman, argue dat implementation of de recommendation go fi be unconstitutional, as Article 21(a) of de Constitution dey prohibit ex post facto laws, den Sirleaf break no law by dey financially support Taylor dat impose a ban from public office as a penalty.<ref>Sieh, Rodney (7 October 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20111005230422/http://www.frontpageafrica.com/newsmanager/anmviewer.asp?a=11600&z=2 "Interview: Varney Sherman on New UP Pickups Saga; Re-Electing Ellen"]. FrontPageAfrica. Archived from [http://www.frontpageafrica.com/newsmanager/anmviewer.asp?a=11600&z=2 the original] on 5 October 2011.</ref> For January 2011, de Supreme Court rule for Williams v. Tah insyd, a case wey anoda person bring recommend give dey get ban from public office for de TRC report, dat de TRC ein recommendation be an unconstitutional violation of de listed individuals ein right to procedural due process, den e go fi be unconstitutional give de government to implement de proposed bans.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110721161151/http://www.netnewspublisher.com/liberian-supreme-court-squashes-truth-and-reconciliation-commission-ban-on-politicians/ "Liberian Supreme Court Squashes Truth And Reconciliation Commission Ban on Politicians"]. NetNewsPublisher. 24 January 2011. Archived from [http://www.netnewspublisher.com/liberian-supreme-court-squashes-truth-and-reconciliation-commission-ban-on-politicians/ the original] on 21 July 2011.</ref> === Gay rights === Following a speech wey United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton make am for December 2011 insyd dat America ein foreign aid go fi use to promote de protection of gay rights,<ref name=":7">Ford, Tamasin; Allen, Bonnie (19 March 2012). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/mar/19/nobel-peace-prize-law-homosexuality "Nobel peace prize winner defends law criminalising homosexuality in Liberia"]. The Guardian. London. Retrieved 9 October 2012.</ref> de issue of LGBT rights becam a significant political topic for Liberia insyd. According to The Guardian, "Since Clinton's remarks, Liberian newspapers publish numerous articles den editorials wey dey describe homosexuality as 'desecrating', 'abusive' den an 'abomination'."<ref name=":7" /> Liberian law make "voluntary sodomy" punishable by up to one year for prison insyd, although dem no use am to prosecute anyone for several years insyd.<ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2010/af/154354.htm "2010 Human Rights Report: Liberia"]. United States Department of State. 8 April 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2012.</ref> For February 2012 insyd, Bong County Senator Jewel Taylor propose a bill dat go fi carry a term of ten years for prison insyd give homosexual activity, while for de House of Representatives insyd, dem introduce a similar bill.<ref name=":7" /> For 19 March top, Sirleaf address de issue, wey e say dat she no go fi repeal de current law but no go fi sanso sign into law either of de two proposed bills. Sirleaf add, "We like ourselves just the way we are [...] We've got certain traditional values in our society that we would like to preserve."<ref name=":7" /> According to Tiawan Gongloe, Liberia ein former Solicitor General, "If she tried to decriminalise the [current anti-gay] law it would be political suicide."<ref name=":7" /> For a letter to The Guardian insyd, Sirleaf ein press secretary challenge de portrayal of ein remarks for de media wey dey say dat: "There currently exists no law referencing homosexuality in Liberia, and as such the President could not be defending a law on homosexuality. The President is on record as saying [...] that any law brought before her regarding homosexuality will be vetoed. This statement also applies to an initial attempt by two members of the Liberian legislature to introduce tougher laws targeting homosexuality." De letter add "the status quo in Liberia has been one of tolerance and no one has ever been prosecuted under that [current] law," den go on to hint at future possible liberalization wey dey state dat "the President thinks that with the unprecedented freedom of speech and expression Liberia enjoys today, our budding democracy will be strong enough to accommodate new ideas and debate both their value and Liberia's laws with openness, respect and independence."<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/mar/23/liberian-sex-laws-sirleaf "Letters: Liberia sex laws"]. The Guardian. London. 22 March 2012. Retrieved 24 March 2012.</ref> The Guardian publish a correction to ein story: "'Nobel peace prize winner defends law criminalising homosexuality in Liberia' was updated to restore material cut in the editing process. The restored material clarifies the stance that President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf is taking on laws concerning homosexuality in Liberia. That is: she refuses to dismantle the existing anti-sodomy law, while also saying she will refuse to sign two new bills that would toughen laws on homosexuality." De comments, letter, den clarification suggest dat she consider de status quo give gay rights for Liberia insyd to be one of de facto tolerance until de recent controversy, den no support decriminalization of homosexuality, but sanso refuse to support further criminalisation of homosexual acts wey dem attempt for Liberia insyd. She reaffirm dis view during an interview plus Tony Blair.<ref>Tamasin Ford & Bonnie Allen (19 March 2012). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/video/2012/mar/19/liberia-tony-blair-anti-gay-law-video "Liberia's president and Tony Blair discuss anti-gay law – video"]. The Guardian. London. Retrieved 9 October 2012.</ref> === Foreign policy === [[File:Secretary Clinton Meets With Liberian President Sirleaf (8385853099).jpg|thumb|Sirleaf plus U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, Washington, D.C., 2013]] Upon ein election to office, Sirleaf make ein first foreign trip as Presido to neighboring Ivory Coast, wey e meet plus Ivorian Presido Laurent Gbagbo for an attempt insyd to repair relations between de two countries following Côte d'Ivoire ein support of de Movement give Democracy for Liberia insyd during de Second Liberian Civil War.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130512211152/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-115724878.html "Liberia's president-elect Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf in Ivory Coast on first foreign trip"]. [[:en:Associated_Press|AP]] Worldstream. 29 November 2005. Archived from [http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-115724878.html the original] on 12 May 2013.</ref> During de 2010–2011 Ivorian crisis, Sirleaf, as chairperson of de Mano River Union, support ECOWAS ein recognition of Gbagbo ein opponent, Alassane Ouattara, as de winner of de disputed presidential election, but reject bell give a military solution to de crisis.<ref>Sengbeh, D Kaihenneh (24 January 2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20110902205504/http://www.1847post.com/article/mru-opposes-force-ecowas-c%C3%B4te-ivoire "MRU Opposes Force by Ecowas in Côte Ivoire"]. The 1847 Post. Archived from [http://www.1847post.com/article/mru-opposes-force-ecowas-c%C3%B4te-ivoire the original] on 2 September 2011.</ref> Sirleaf sanso forge close relations plus de United States, Liberia ein traditional ally. Following de establishment of United States Africa Command (AFRICOM) by de United States military, Sirleaf offer to allow de U.S. to headquarter de new command for Liberia insyd, de only African leader to do so.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110726030132/http://www.emergingminds.org/Liberian-President-disappointed-over-U.S.-decision-on-AFRICOM.html "Liberian President disappointed over U.S. decision on AFRICOM"]. Emerging Minds. 24 February 2008. Archived from [http://www.emergingminds.org/Liberian-President-disappointed-over-U.S.-decision-on-AFRICOM.html the original] on 26 July 2011.</ref> Dem eventually headquarter de command for Stuttgart, Germany insyd. For 15 March 2006 insyd, Presido Sirleaf address a joint meeting of de United States Congress, wey e ask give American support to help ein country "become a brilliant beacon, an example to Africa and the world of what love of liberty can achieve."<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/200603150786.html "Liberia: President Sirleaf Thanks U.S. Congress, Asks for Continuing Support"]. allAfrica.com. 15 March 2006.</ref> Sirleaf sanso strengthen relations plus de People's Republic of China, wey e reaffirm Liberia ein commitment to de One-China policy.<ref>Campbell, Janjay (1 October 2007). [http://allafrica.com/stories/200710010699.html "Liberia: Ellen Renews "One China" Commitment"]. allAfrica.com.</ref> For return insyd, China contribute to Liberia ein reconstruction, wey e build several transmitters to extend de Liberia Broadcasting System nationwide den dey construct a new campus give de Varsity of Liberia<ref>[http://lr.china-embassy.org/eng/sghdhzxxx/t522906.htm "Liberian President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Attends the Hand-over Ceremony of China-aided LBS Rehabilitation and Expansion Project and the Launching of CRI FM Programs in Liberia"]. Embassy of the People's Republic of China to the Republic of Liberia. 19 November 2008.</ref><ref>[http://lr.china-embassy.org/eng/dszc/spta/t718568.htm "Remarks at the Handover Ceremony of the China-aided Fendall Campus of the University of Liberia"]. Embassy of the People's Republic of China to the Republic of Liberia. 20 July 2010.</ref> Sirleaf be a member of de Council of Women World Leaders, an international network of current den former women presidos den prime ministers wey dem mission be say to mobilize de highest-level women leaders globally give collective action for issues of critical importance to women den equitable development top.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20171228094355/https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/Council_of_Women_World_Leaders_Biographies.pdf "Council of Women World Leaders Biographies"] (PDF). wilsoncenter.org. Archived from [https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/Council_of_Women_World_Leaders_Biographies.pdf the original] (PDF) on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 13 November 2017.</ref> During de 2011 Libyan civil war, Sirleaf add ein voice to de international community wey ask de previous Libyan leader Muammar al-Gaddafi to cease de use of violence den tactics of political repression.<ref>Brooks, Joel Cholo (28 October 2016). [https://web.archive.org/web/20171113222051/http://gnnliberia.com/2016/10/28/gnn-personality-week-ellen-johnson-sirleaf-turns-78-years-tomorrow-saturday/ "GNN Personality of the Week: Ellen Johnson Sirleaf As She Turns 78 Years Tomorrow Saturday"]. GNN Liberia. Archived from [http://gnnliberia.com/2016/10/28/gnn-personality-week-ellen-johnson-sirleaf-turns-78-years-tomorrow-saturday/ the original] on 13 November 2017. Retrieved 13 November 2017.</ref> Howeva, she criticize de international military intervention for Libya insyd, wey dey declare dat "violence does not help the process whichever way it comes".<ref>[http://www.afriqueavenir.org/en/2011/03/29/president-sirleaf-against-air-strikes-in-libya/ "President Sirleaf against air strikes in Libya"]. Afrique Avenir. 29 March 2011. Retrieved 5 April 2011.</ref> Ein government later sever diplomatic ties plus Libya, wey e state dat "The Government took the decision after a careful review of the situation in Libya and determined that the Government of Colonel Gaddafi has lost the legitimacy to govern Libya."<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110615113854/http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE75D0KR20110614 "Liberia cuts ties with Gaddafi's Libya"]. [[:en:Reuters|Reuters]] Africa. 14 June 2011. Archived from [https://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE75D0KR20110614 the original] on 15 June 2011.</ref> For 27 February 2015 top, dem expect Presido Sirleaf to make a visit to U.S. Presido Barack Obama at de White House for Washington, D.C. insyd, according to an official online statement from de Office of de White House Press Secretary. Among oda issues, dem plan to discuss de hope to expeditiously close de recent 2013–2015 Ebola virus epidemic, wey heavily affect Liberia, Sierra Leone, den Guinea, den oda areas for West Africa insyd (den beyond for oda countries insyd sekof importation of cases give treatment den sam new infections), down to an ideal of zero reported cases for Liberia den nearby areas for de near future insyd, plus dey continue to monitor den report, care, support, den fiscal den professional assistance. Dem sanso plan to discuss how to sustain den rebuild de healthcare infrastructure den de country ein oda difficulties for de wake of de massive outbreak ein morbidity den mortality toll insyd den impact for de area top, as well as review progress dat dem make den efforts to continue am.<ref>[https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2015/02/20/statement-press-secretary-visit-liberian-president-ellen-johnson-sirleaf "Statement by the Press Secretary on the Visit of Liberian President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf"]. [[:en:Whitehouse.gov|whitehouse.gov]]. 20 February 2015 – via [[:en:NARA|National Archives]].</ref> === Administration den Cabinet === Following ein victory for de 2005 election insyd, Sirleaf pledge to promote national reconciliation by dey bring in opposition leaders into ein administration.<ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4395978.stm "Profile: Liberia's 'Iron Lady'"]. BBC News. 23 November 2005.</ref> Opposition politicians wey join ein initial administration include Minister of Transport Jeremiah Sulunteh, Minister of Education Joseph Korto, den Ambassador to de United Nations Nathaniel Barnes. Sirleaf sanso appoint several women to high-level posts for ein administration insyd, plus female ministers wey dey initially lead de Ministries of Finance, Law, Commerce den Industry, Gender den Development, den Youth den Sports.<ref name=":12">[http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?reportid=58143 "Sirleaf starts to form government, some appointments spark protest"]. IRIN Africa. 14 February 2006.</ref> Sirleaf say dat while she plan on appointing an all-female cabinet, she had been unable to find qualified female candidates give every position.<ref name=":8" /> Upon ein inauguration, Sirleaf promise dat she go fi impose a "zero tolerance" policy for corruption top for de government insyd.<ref>[http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=80552 "West Africa: Mixed report card in 2008 corruption index"]. IRIN. 28 September 2008.</ref> Despite dis, critics argue dat corruption dey remain rampant for Sirleaf ein administration insyd; dem sack Information Minister Lawrence Bropleh for 2008 insyd ova allegations dat he steal more dan $200,000 for state funds insyd, while dem dismiss Internal Affairs Minister Ambullai Johnson, wey be Sirleaf ein brother, for 2010 insyd after de disappearance of funds give county development.<ref name=":9">Mahtani, Dino (28 May 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20131118034616/http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/05/28/tarnishing_the_iron_lady_of_africa?page=full "Tarnishing the Iron Lady of Africa"]. Foreign Policy. Archived from [https://foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/05/28/tarnishing_the_iron_lady_of_africa?page=full the original] on 18 November 2013. Retrieved 6 March 2017.</ref><ref>Butty, James (10 December 2010). [https://www.voanews.com/a/butty-liberia-acquittal-react-tah-10december10-111654209/157023.html "Liberian Minister Vows Jury Reform Following Bropleh Corruption Trial"]. Voice of America.</ref> Sirleaf einself acknowledge dat corruption for government insyd dey remain, wey e note dat ein zero tolerance policy be hamper by de need to pass major economic reforms thru de legislature, a goal dat dem go fi impede by significant anti-corruption legislation den prosecutions.<ref name=":9" /> Howeva, Sirleaf reject claims dat she fail to fight corruption, wey e point to de establishment of de Liberian Anti-Corruption Commission den de restructuring of de General Auditing Commission.<ref>Butty, James (27 June 2011). [https://www.voanews.com/a/butty-liberia-us-president-sirleaf-27june11-124579629/158369.html "Liberian President Sirleaf: Country Making Progress, Challenges Remain"]. Voice of America.</ref> Sirleaf dismiss ein entire cabinet from office for 3 November 2010 top, wey e promise to reassemble de cabinet in as short a time as possible.<ref name=":10">[https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/04/world/africa/04liberia.html?ref=liberia "Liberian Leader Dissolves Cabinet"]. The New York Times. 3 November 2010.</ref> She argue dat e take de move to give ein administration a "clean slate" for preparation insyd give de final year of ein term, though critics argue dat dem aim de move to bolster ein chances at reelection wey e confront corruption for ein administration insyd.<ref name=":10" /> By early December 2010, Sirleaf reconstitute ein entire cabinet, wey e replace seven of ein nineteen ministers.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120130011142/http://www.afriqueavenir.org/en/2010/12/06/liberian-president-sirleaf-fully-reconstitutes-cabinet/ "Liberian president Sirleaf fully reconstitutes cabinet"]. Afrique Avenir. 6 December 2010. Archived from [http://www.afriqueavenir.org/en/2010/12/06/liberian-president-sirleaf-fully-reconstitutes-cabinet/ the original] on 30 January 2012.</ref><ref>[https://www.globalpartnership.org/blog/15-women-leading-way-girls-education "15 women leading the way for girls' education"]. www.globalpartnership.org. Retrieved 22 March 2019.</ref> Dem accuse Sirleaf for 2014 insyd of interfering plus a criminal investigation wey dey involve ein stepson Fombah Sirleaf den de security agency.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191111143254/http://gnnliberia.com/2014/11/08/liberia-committee-setup-to-investigate-president-sirleafs-son-on-seizure-of-korean-us247000-00-releases-report-with-recommendations-ordering-refund-of-the-money/ "Committee Setup To Investigate President Sirleaf's Son on Seizure of Korean US$247,000.00 Releases Report With Recommendations; Ordering Refund of the Money"]. GNN Liberia. 8 November 2014. Archived from [http://gnnliberia.com/2014/11/08/liberia-committee-setup-to-investigate-president-sirleafs-son-on-seizure-of-korean-us247000-00-releases-report-with-recommendations-ordering-refund-of-the-money/ the original] on 11 November 2019. Retrieved 21 October 2017.</ref><ref name=":11">[https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/31/world/africa/liberias-ebola-crisis-puts-president-in-harsh-light.html "Liberia's Ebola Crisis Puts President in Harsh Light"]. The New York Times. 30 October 2014.</ref> Ein Minister of Justice Christiana Tah resign for October 2014 insyd, wey e accuse Presido Sirleaf of interference plus de criminal investigation into de illegal seizure of money from Korean businessmen by de NSA for a warrantless hotel raid insyd for July 2014 insyd.<ref name=":11" /> ==== First Cabinet ==== {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="3" |The First Sirleaf Cabinet |- |'''Office''' | align="left" |'''Name''' | align="left" |'''Term''' |- ! colspan="3" | |- |President | align="left" |'''Ellen Johnson Sirleaf''' | align="left" |2006–2012 |- |Vice President | align="left" |'''Joseph Boakai''' | align="left" |2006–2012 |- ! colspan="3" | |- |Minister of Foreign Affairs | align="left" |'''George Wallace''' '''Olubanke King Akerele''' '''Toga McIntosh''' | align="left" |2006–2007 2007–2010 2010–2012 |- |Minister of Finance | align="left" |'''Antoinette Sayeh''' '''Augustine Kpehe Ngafuan''' | align="left" |2006–2008 2008–2012 |- |Minister of Justice and Attorney General | align="left" |'''Frances Johnson-Morris''' '''Philip A. Z. Banks''' '''Christiana Tah''' | align="left" |2006–2007 2007–2009 2009–2012 |- |Minister of National Defense | align="left" |'''Brownie Samukai''' | align="left" |2006–2012 |- |Minister of Internal Affairs | align="left" |'''Ambullai Johnson''' '''Harrison Kahnweah''' | align="left" |2006–2010 2010–2012 |- |Minister of Education | align="left" |'''Joseph Korto''' '''E. Othello Gongar''' | align="left" |2006–2010 2010–2012 |- |Minister of Posts and Telecommunications | align="left" |'''Jackson E. Doe''' '''Jeremiah Sulunteh''' '''Frederick B. Norkeh''' | align="left" |2006–2008 2008–2010 2010–2012 |- |Minister of Public Works | align="left" |'''Willis Knuckles''' '''Luseni Donzo''' '''Samuel Kofi Woods''' | align="left" |2006 2007–2009 2009–2012 |- |Minister of Agriculture | align="left" |'''Christopher Toe''' '''Florence Chenoweth''' | align="left" |2006–2009 2009–2012 |- |Minister of Health and Social Welfare | align="left" |'''Walter Gwenigale''' | align="left" |2006–2012 |- |Minister of Information, Culture and Tourism | align="left" |'''Johnny McClain''' '''Lawrence Bropleh''' | align="left" |2006 2006–2009 |- |Minister of Planning and Economic Affairs | align="left" |'''Toga McIntosh''' '''Amara Mohamed Konneh''' | align="left" |2006–2008 2008–2012 |- |Minister of Lands, Mines and Energy | align="left" |'''Eugene Shannon''' '''Roosevelt Jayjay''' | align="left" |2006–2010 2010–2012 |- |Minister of Commerce and Industry | align="left" |'''Olubanke King Akerele''' '''Frances Johnson-Morris''' '''Miatta Beysolow''' | align="left" |2006–2007 2007–2008 2008–2012 |- |Minister of Gender, Children and Social Protection | align="left" |'''Vabah Gayflor''' | align="left" |2006–2012 |- |Minister of Labor | align="left" |'''Samuel Kofi Woods''' '''Tiawon Gongloe''' '''Vabah Gayflor''' | align="left" |2006–2009 2009–2010 2010–2012 |- |Minister of Youth and Sports | align="left" |'''Jamesetta Howard Wolokollie''' '''Etmonia Tarpeh''' | align="left" |2006–2007 2007–2012 |- |Minister of Transport | align="left" |'''Jeremiah Sulunteh''' '''Jackson E. Doe''' '''Alphonso Gaye''' '''Willard Russell''' | align="left" |2006–2008 2008–2009 2009–2010 2010–2012 |- |Minister of State for Presidential Affairs | align="left" |'''Morris Dukuly''' '''Willis Knuckles''' '''Edward B. McClain Jr.''' | align="left" |2006 2006–2007 2007–2012 |} ==== Second Cabinet ==== {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="3" |The Second Sirleaf Cabinet |- |'''Office''' | align="left" |'''Name''' | align="left" |'''Term''' |- ! colspan="3" | |- |President | align="left" |'''Ellen Johnson Sirleaf''' | align="left" |2012–2018 |- |Vice President | align="left" |'''Joseph Boakai''' | align="left" |2012–2018 |- ! colspan="3" | |- |Minister of Foreign Affairs | align="left" |'''Augustine Kpehe Ngafuan''' '''Marjon Kamara''' | align="left" |2012–2015 2015–2018 |- |Minister of Finance | align="left" |'''Amara Mohamed Konneh''' '''Boima Kamara''' | align="left" |2012–2016 2016–2018 |- |Minister of Justice and Attorney General | align="left" |'''Christiana Tah''' '''Benedict F. Sannoh''' '''Frederick Cherue''' | align="left" |2012–2014 2014–2016 2016–2018 |- |Minister of National Defense | align="left" |'''Brownie Samukai''' | align="left" |2012–2018 |- |Minister of Internal Affairs | align="left" |'''Blamo Nelson''' '''Morris Dukuly''' '''Henrique Tokpa''' | align="left" |2012–2013 2013–2015 2015–2018 |- |Minister of Education | align="left" |'''Etmonia David Tarpeh''' '''George Werner''' | align="left" |2012–2015 2015–2018 |- |Minister of Posts and Telecommunications | align="left" |'''Frederick B. Norkeh''' | align="left" |2012–2018 |- |Minister of Public Works | align="left" |'''Samuel Kofi Woods''' '''Antoinette Weeks''' '''Gyude Moore''' | align="left" |2012–2013 2013–2014 2014–2018 |- |Minister of Agriculture | align="left" |'''Florence Chenoweth''' '''Moses Zinnah''' | align="left" |2012–2014 2014–2018 |- |Minister of Health and Social Welfare | align="left" |'''Walter Gwenigale''' '''Bernice Dahn''' | align="left" |2012–2015 2015–2018 |- |Minister of Information, Culture and Tourism | align="left" |'''Lewis Brown''' '''Lenn Eugene Nagbe''' | align="left" |2012–2016 2016–2018 |- |Minister of Lands, Mines and Energy | align="left" |'''Patrick Sendolo''' | align="left" |2002–2018 |- |Minister of Commerce and Industry | align="left" |'''Miatta Beysolow''' '''Axel Addy''' | align="left" |2012–2013 2013–2018 |- |Minister of Gender, Children and Social Protection | align="left" |'''Julia Duncan-Cassell''' | align="left" |2012–2018 |- |Minister of Labor | align="left" |'''Juah Lawson''' '''Neto Z. Lighe''' | align="left" |2012–2014 2014–2018 |- |Minister of Youth and Sports | align="left" |'''Tornorlah Vapilah''' '''Lenn Eugene Nagbe''' '''Saah N'tow''' | align="left" |2012–2013 2013–2016 2016–2018 |- |Minister of Transport | align="left" |'''Lenn Eugene Nagbe''' '''Angela Cassell Bush''' | align="left" |2012–2013 2013–2018 |- |Minister of State for Presidential Affairs | align="left" |'''Edward B. McClain Jr.''' | align="left" |2012–2016 |} ==== Judicial appointments ==== Upon de inauguration of Sirleaf, de entire Supreme Court bench, wey dem select as part of de transitional government for 2003 insyd, step down, wey e leave Sirleaf to fill all five seats for de Court top. Sirleaf nominate Johnnie Lewis, a Yale Law School graduate den former Circuit Court judge, give de office of Chief Justice.<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/200602130684.html "Johnny Lewis Named Chief Justice Frances Johnson Morris is Justice Minister"]. allAfrica.com. 13 February 2006.</ref> Lewis den three of Sirleaf ein Associate Justice nominees, J. Emmanuel Wureh, Francis Korkpor den Gladys Johnson, de Senate confirm dem for 2 March 2006 top.<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/200603030541.html "Pres. Sirleaf Commissions Chief Justice, Associate"]. allAfrica.com. 3 March 2011.</ref> Sirleaf ein nomination of Kabineh Ja'neh, a former leader for de rebel LURD movement, as Associate Justice receive criticism from de opposition Congress give Democratic Change sekof concerns ova Ja'neh ein human rights record during de civil war, den dem no confirm Ja'neh until 9 May.<ref name=":12" /><ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/200605100244.html "Senate Finally Confirms Ja'neh to Supreme Court"]. allAfrica.com. 10 May 2006.</ref> Following de death of Justice Wureh for July 2006 insyd, Sirleaf nominate Christiana Tah, a deputy minister at de Justice Ministry, to fill ein seat.<ref name=":13">[http://frontpageafricaonline.blogspot.com/2011/04/void-on-bench.html "Void on the Bench"]. FrontPageAfrica. 3 April 2011.</ref> Howeva, de Senate later reject Tah ein nomination, wey e lead Sirleaf to nominate ein Minister of Youth den Sports, Jamesetta Howard Wolokollie, wey dem confirm.<ref name=":13" /> Justice Johnson retire from de Court on 26 March 2011 after e reach de constitutionally mandated retirement age of seventy.<ref name=":13" /> Sirleaf nominate Phillip A. Z. Banks, ein former Minister of Justice den Chairman of de Law Reform Commission, to replace Johnson for August 2011 insyd.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120125094346/http://emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1961 "Cllr. Philip Banks Nominated as Associate Justice of Supreme Court"]. The Executive Mansion. 9 August 2011. Archived from [http://emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1961 the original] on 25 January 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2011.</ref> De Senate confirm Banks for 20 August 2011 top.<ref>Nyenur, Tom B. (21 August 2011). [http://frontpageafricaonline.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1062:amid-controversy-senate-confirms-banks-as-associate-justice&catid=42:politics&Itemid=134 "Amid Controversy – Senate Confirms Banks As Associate Justice"]. FrontPageAfrica. Retrieved 21 August 2011.</ref> ==== International image ==== Forbes magazine name Sirleaf as de 51st most powerful woman for de world insyd for 2006 insyd.<ref>Serafin, Tatiana (31 August 2006). [https://www.forbes.com/lists/2006/11/06women_Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf_BMW8.html "The 100 Most Powerful Women: Ellen Johnson Sirleaf"]. Forbes.</ref> For 2010 insyd, Newsweek list am as one of de ten best leaders for de world insyd, while Time count am among de top ten female leaders.<ref>McLure, Jason (16 August 2010). [http://www.newsweek.com/2010/08/16/go-to-the-head-of-the-class/the-rebuilder-ellen-johnson-sirleaf.html "The Rebuilder: Ellen Johnson Sirleaf"]. Newsweek.</ref><ref>Adams, William Lee (7 September 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100825070849/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2005455_2005458_2005482,00.html "Top 10 Female Leaders"]. Time. Archived from [http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2005455_2005458_2005482,00.html the original] on 25 August 2010.</ref> Dat same year, De Economist bell am "arguably de best presido de country eva get."<ref>[https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2010/05/20/another-round-for-africas-iron-lady "Another Round for Africa's Iron Lady"]. The Economist. 22 May 2010.</ref> For 2010 insyd, Sirleaf release ein first book, ''This Child Will Be Great: Memoir of a Remarkable Life by Africa's First Woman President''.<ref>Cooper, Helene (15 May 2009). [https://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/17/books/review/Cooper-t.html "Madame President"]. The New York Times. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]. Retrieved 1 April 2020.</ref> For November 2017 insyd, an investigation wey de International Consortium of Investigative Journalism conduct am cite Sirleaf among de list of politicians dem name for "Paradise Papers" allegations insyd.<ref>[https://www.icij.org/investigations/paradise-papers/explore-politicians-paradise-papers/ "Explore The Politicians in the Paradise Papers"]. ICIJ. Retrieved 6 December 2017.</ref> == Ellen Johnson Sirleaf den de West African Ebola outbreak (2014–2016) == During de West African Ebola outbreak between 2014 den 2016, de Presido of Liberia, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, play a central role in managing de crisis. Liberia be one of de most affected countries, along plus Sierra Leone den Guinea, wey e record thousands of cases den deaths. For August 2014 insyd, Johnson Sirleaf declare a national state of emergency, wey e implement measures wey dey include border closures, restrictions for movement top, den quarantines for highly affected areas insyd to contain de spread of de virus.<ref>[https://www.who.int/news-room/spotlight/one-year-into-the-ebola-epidemic/key-events-in-the-who-response-to-the-ebola-outbreak WHO – Key events in the WHO response to the Ebola outbreak 2014–2016]</ref> Domestically, ein government push give de creation of a national incident management system to coordinate de response between de Ministry of Health, United Nations agencies, den non-governmental organizations. She sanso establish de Presidential Advisory Committee for Ebola top, task plus dey oversee strategic actions den dey ensure coherence for de work of partners insyd for de ground top.<ref>[https://case.hks.harvard.edu/managing-a-security-response-to-the-ebola-epidemic-in-liberia-a/ Harvard Kennedy School – Managing a Security Response to the Ebola Epidemic in Liberia]</ref> Dem structures strengthen de state ein capacity to centralize information den prioritize resources for context of widespread public distrust insyd toward de health system. At de international level, Johnson Sirleaf becam one of de most prominent voices drawing attention to de magnitude of de crisis. She formally request assistance from de United States, wey facilitate de U.S. military intervention to build treatment centers den provide logistical support.<ref>[https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/speech/2014/12/02/transcript-press-conference-world-bank-group-president-jim-yong-kim-liberia-sirleaf-johnson World Bank – Press conference transcript: World Bank Group President Jim Yong Kim and Ellen Johnson Sirleaf (2014)]</ref> Ein leadership sanso contribute to de United Nations ein decision to establish de United Nations Mission give Ebola Emergency Response (UNMEER), de first-ever UN health mission create specifically to tackle an epidemic.<ref>[https://ebolaresponse.un.org/un-mission-for-ebola-emergency-response UNMEER – Mission Background]</ref> Johnson Sirleaf ein management, though initially criticize give delays den difficulties for implementing quarantines insyd, dem later recognize give ein ability to mobilize resources den elevate Ebola onto de global health security agenda. After de official end of de outbreak for 2016 insyd, she advocate give dey strengthen African health systems den dey improve preparedness give future pandemics, wey e stress de importance of learning from de lessons of Ebola.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250821092211/https://time.com/4440771/liberian-president-ebola-recovery/ Time – Liberian President: How We Beat Ebola—and What We Learned (2016)]</ref> == Life after politics == [[File:Mia Mottley & Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf (2022).jpg|thumb|Ellen Johnson Sirleaf plus Mia Mottley, Prime Minister of Barbados, for 2022 insyd]] For 2018 insyd, Sirleaf found de Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Presidential Center give Women den Development, wey e aim "to be a catalyst for change across Africa, by helping unleash its most abundant untapped power – its women".<ref>[https://allafrica.com/view/group/main/main/id/00072449.html "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Launches Women's Center as Change Catalyst"]. AllAfrica.com. 19 March 2020. Retrieved 30 January 2021.</ref> For 2019 insyd, dem charge ein son, Charles Sirleaf, plus economic sabotage thru de unlawful printing of local currency to de value of US$75 million. Investigative auditing firm Kroll carry out de investigation.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-47450217 "Sirleaf son charged over Liberia banknotes"]. BBC News. 5 March 2019. Retrieved 4 August 2020.</ref> For 2019 insyd, Director-General of de World Health Organization Tedros Adhanom appoint Sirleaf as de WHO Goodwill Ambassador give de health workforce.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200715054041/https://www.who.int/hrh/news/2019/EJS_good-will-ambassador-hwf/en/ Her Excellency Ellen Johnson Sirleaf appointed as WHO Goodwill Ambassador for Health Workforce] World Health Organization, press release of 20 May 2019.</ref> Amid de COVID-19 pandemic for 2020 insyd, she step down from dis post to serve as co-chair (alongside Helen Clark) of de WHO ein ''Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response'' (IPPR).<ref>[WHO chief taps ex-leaders to head COVID-19 response panel] [[:en:Associated_Press|Associated Press]], 9 July 2020.</ref><ref>John Miller (9 July 2020), [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-who-panel/veteran-female-leaders-to-head-who-covid-19-review-amid-anti-globalism-barbs-idUSKBN24A2U3 Veteran female leaders to head WHO COVID-19 review amid anti-globalism barbs] [[:en:Reuters|Reuters]].</ref> Sanso for 2020 insyd, dem appoint am to de Development Advisory Council of de U.S. International Development Finance Corporation.<ref>[https://www.dfc.gov/who-we-are/development-advisory-council Development Advisory Council] [[:en:U.S._International_Development_Finance_Corporation|U.S. International Development Finance Corporation]].</ref> In addition, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf dey hold a number of paid den unpaid positions, wey dey include de following: * Africa Europe Foundation (AEF), Member of de High-Level Group of Personalities for Africa-Europe Relations top (since 2020)<ref>[https://www.friendsofeurope.org/initiatives/eu-africa-high-level-group/ High-Level Group of Personalities on Africa-Europe Relations] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220411085150/https://www.friendsofeurope.org/initiatives/eu-africa-high-level-group/ Archived] 11 April 2022 at the [[Wayback Machine]] Africa Europe Foundation (AEF).</ref> * Brenthurst Foundation, Member of de Advisory Board<ref>[https://www.thebrenthurstfoundation.org/about/team-advisors/ Advisory Board] [[:en:Brenthurst_Foundation|Brenthurst Foundation]].</ref> * Mastercard Foundation, Member of de Board of Directors (since 2020)<ref>[https://mastercardfdn.org/foundation/team/?fwp_roles=board Our Leadership: Board] [[:en:Mastercard_Foundation|Mastercard Foundation]].</ref> == Ein life matter == For 1956 insyd, Ellen Johnson marry James Sirleaf. Dem get four sons togeda before demma divorce.<ref name=":14" /> She grow up as a Presbyterian, but later join ein husband ein Methodist faith.<ref>"[http://thenewslib.com/news/564-gov-t-rejects-newspaper-story Gov't Rejects Newspaper Story] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140512221442/http://thenewslib.com/news/564-gov-t-rejects-newspaper-story Archived] 12 May 2014 at the [[Wayback Machine]]". The News 7 May 2014. Retrieved 2014-05-09.</ref> Thru ein sons, she get ten grandchildren. While e attend college for de United States insyd, Sirleaf becam a member of de Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority, den she be honorary member of de Links, Incorporated. She be de aunt to American actress/comic Retta (born Marietta Sirleaf),<ref>[https://www.peacocktv.com/stream-tv/parks-and-recreation "Watch Parks and Recreation Streaming | Peacock"]. @peacocktv.</ref> best known give ein role as Donna Meagle for de NBC comedy Parks den Recreation top.<ref>Ford, Rebecca (7 October 2011). [http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/parks-recreation-nobel-peace-prize-245753 "'Parks and Recreation' Has a Nobel Peace Prize Connection"]. [[:en:The_Hollywood_Reporter|The Hollywood Reporter]].</ref> Several of ein kiddies serve for de Liberian government insyd. Ein son Robert Sirleaf serve as head of de National Oil Company of Liberia, Charles Sirleaf dey hold a senior position at de Central Bank of Liberia, den stepson Fombah Sirleaf dey head de Liberian National Security Agency, plus responsibility give internal security. Oda members of de Sirleaf family dey serve for oda positions insyd for government insyd.<ref>[http://frontpageafricaonline.com/index.php/politics/391-mixed-reactions-over-president-sirleaf-s-claim-of-family-not-wealthyh "Mixed reactions over President Sirleaf's claim of family not wealthy"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20160708141337/http://frontpageafricaonline.com/index.php/politics/391-mixed-reactions-over-president-sirleaf-s-claim-of-family-not-wealthy Archived] 8 July 2016 at the [[Wayback Machine]], 2016.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611124703/http://www.frontpageafricaonline.com/index.php/news/1038-richard-tolbert-indicted-sirleaf-saytumah-kupee-fate-undecided "Richard Tolbert Indicted: Sirleaf, Saytumah, Kupee Fate Undecided"]. Archived from [http://www.frontpageafricaonline.com/index.php/news/1038-richard-tolbert-indicted-sirleaf-saytumah-kupee-fate-undecided the original] on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2018.</ref> For December 2021 insyd, James Sirleaf, one of de sons of Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, die for ein residence insyd for Liberia insyd under unknown circumstances. He be 64.<ref>[https://analystliberiaonline.com/outpour-of-sympathies-over-jes-passing-avalanche-of-tributes-in-honor-of-fallen-james-sirleaf/#google_vignette "Outpour of sympathies Over JES' Passing--Avalanche of Tributes In Honor Of Fallen James Sirleaf"]. The Analyst News. 30 December 2021. Retrieved 14 November 2025.</ref> For June 2024 insyd, Charles E. Sirleaf, anoda of Ellen Johnson Sirleaf ein four sons, die after a brief illness. He be 68. Both men follow demma mommie for politics den government work insyd den be public servants give much of demma careers.<ref>[https://www.liberianobserver.com/news/former-cbl-deputy-governor-charles-sirleaf-is-dead/article_b5c59a4e-2247-11ef-abaf-d342624ab2a4.html "FORMER LIBERIAN PRESIDENT ELLEN JOHNSON SIRLEAF'S SON FOUND DEAD"]. The Liberian Daily Observer. 4 June 2024. Retrieved 14 November 2025.</ref> == Honors den awards == [[File:Ellen_Johnson_statue_(cropped).jpg|thumb|A statue of Sirleaf unveiled insyd Owerri ein Ikemba Ojukwu Square (Imo state, [[Nigeria]]) insyd 2017]] * Ralph Bunche International Leadership Award * Chief of Order of de Golden Heart of Kenya * Grand commander Star of Africa Redemption of Liberia * 1988: Recipient of de 1988 Roosevelt Institute Freedom of Speech Award<ref>{{cite web |title=Recipients of the Four Freedoms Award |url=http://merchant.videotex.net/common/news/reports/detail.cfm?QID=6330&ClientID=11005&topicID=232&classification=report |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110821192903/http://merchant.videotex.net/common/news/reports/detail.cfm?QID=6330&ClientID=11005&topicID=232&classification=report |archive-date=21 August 2011 |access-date=14 December 2010 |publisher=[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] |df=dmy-all}}</ref> * 1996: Commander of de Order of Mono<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ellen Johnson Sirleaf - |url=https://awpc.cattcenter.iastate.edu/directory/ellen-johnson-sirleaf/ |access-date=2020-05-16 |website=Archives of Women's Political Communication |language=en}}</ref> * 2006: Common Ground Award recipient, Search for Common Ground<ref>{{cite web |title=Common Ground Awards 2006 |url=http://www.sfcg.org/sfcg/awards/2006gallery.html |access-date=14 December 2010 |publisher=Search for Common Ground}}</ref> * 2006: Laureate of de Africa Prize for Leadership for de Sustainable End of Hunger, The Hunger Project<ref>{{cite web |year=2006 |title=President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf: 2006 Africa Prize Laureate |url=http://www.africaprize.org/06/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080326180439/http://africaprize.org/06/ |archive-date=26 March 2008 |access-date=14 December 2010 |publisher=[[The Hunger Project]]}}</ref> * 2006: Distinguished Fellow, Claus M. Halle Institute for Global Learning, Emory University<ref>{{cite web |title=Ellen Johnson Sirleaf: Halle Distinguished Fellow, September 12, 2006 |url=http://halleinstitute.emory.edu/distinguished_fellows/sirleaf.html |access-date=14 December 2010 |publisher=[[Emory University]]}}</ref> * 2006 dem award am Honorary Doctor of Laws from Marquette University<ref>{{cite web |date=23 October 2006 |title=Honorary Degree Recipient: Her Excellency Ellen Johnson Sirleaf |url=http://www.marquette.edu/universityhonors/honors_sirleaf.shtml |access-date=14 December 2010 |publisher=[[Marquette University]]}}</ref> * 2006: David Rockefeller Bridging Leadership Award from Synergos<ref>{{cite web |date=12 October 2006 |title=2006 David Rockefeller Bridging Leadership Award Honorees |url=http://www.synergos.org/universityforanight/06/honorees.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111213171535/http://synergos.org/universityforanight/06/honorees.htm |archive-date=13 December 2011 |publisher=Synergos |df=dmy-all}}</ref> * 2007: Presidential Medal of Freedom, de highest civilian award wey de United States dey give, U.S. President George W. Bush award to Sirleaf on 5 November 2007<ref>{{cite press release|publisher=White House Office of the Press Secretary|url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2007/10/20071029.html|title=President Bush Announces Recipients of Presidential Medal of Freedom|date=29 October 2007}}</ref> * 2008: Golden Plate Award of de American Academy of Achievement<ref>{{cite web |title=Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement |url=https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/#public-service |website=www.achievement.org |publisher=[[American Academy of Achievement]]}}</ref> * 2008: dem award am Honorary Doctor of Laws degree from Indiana University,<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://newsinfo.iu.edu/news/page/normal/7887.html|title=Liberian president receiving honorary degree at IU Bloomington commencement|publisher=[[Indiana University]]|date=8 April 2010|access-date=5 May 2008|archive-date=27 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927085944/http://newsinfo.iu.edu/news/page/normal/7887.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Dartmouth College;<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://www.dartmouth.edu/~news/releases/2008/04/22h.html|title=Dartmouth 2008 Honorary Degree Recipient Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf (Doctor of Laws)|publisher=[[Dartmouth College]]|access-date=19 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130916222608/http://www.dartmouth.edu/~news/releases/2008/04/22h.html|archive-date=16 September 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> den Brown University.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://news.brown.edu/pressreleases/2008/09/sirleaf|title=Liberian President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf to Receive Honorary Degree|publisher=[[Brown University]]|date=8 September 2009}}</ref> * 2009: dem award am de EITI Award for "the rapid progress the country has made towards implementation of the EITI"<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200902180838.html|title=Eiti Awards Government for Progress, As President Sirleaf Returns Home|publisher=[[AllAfrica.com]]|date=18 February 2009}}</ref> * 2009: dem award am Honorary Doctor of Humane Letters degree from de University of Tampa<ref>{{cite web |date=7 October 2011 |title=UT Honorary Doctorate Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Named Nobel Peace Prize Recipient |url=http://www.ut.edu/Honorary-Doctorate-Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf-Named-Nobel-Peace-Prize-Recipient.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111017235634/http://www.ut.edu/Honorary-Doctorate-Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf-Named-Nobel-Peace-Prize-Recipient.aspx |archive-date=17 October 2011 |access-date=7 October 2011 |publisher=The University of Tampa}}</ref> * 2010: dem award am Honorary Doctor of Laws degree from Yale University<ref>{{cite news|first=Esther|last=Zuckerman|url=http://www.yaledailynews.com/crosscampus/2010/05/23/liberian-president-receive-honorary-degree/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20110606170654/http://www.yaledailynews.com/crosscampus/2010/05/23/liberian-president-receive-honorary-degree/|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 June 2011|title=Liberian president to receive honorary degree|work=[[Yale Daily News]]|date=23 May 2010}}</ref> den Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey<ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=2010 Commencement/Convocations |url=http://commencement.rutgers.edu/honorarybio.shtml/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100701071217/http://commencement.rutgers.edu/honorarybio.shtml |archive-date=1 July 2010 |publisher=[[Rutgers University]] |df=dmy}}</ref> * 2010: Friend of the Media in Africa Award from The African Editor's Union<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1686|title=President Sirleaf Receives African Editors Honor|publisher=The Executive Mansion|location=Monrovia|date=18 October 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101122185835/http://emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1686|archive-date=22 November 2010|df=dmy}}</ref> * 2011: dem award am Honorary Doctor of Laws degree from Harvard University<ref>[http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2011/05/harvard-to-award-nine-honorary-degrees/ "Harvard awards 9 honorary degrees"], ''Harvard Gazette'', 26 May 2011.</ref> * 2011: African Gender Award<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1919|title='You Have Brought Honor to All African Women,' Senegal's Wade Says|publisher=The Executive Mansion|location=Monrovia|date=18 June 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110705052138/http://www.emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1919|archive-date=5 July 2011|df=dmy}}</ref> * 2011: [[Nobel Peace Prize]] * 2012: Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace, Disarmament and Development * 2014: dem list am as de 70th most powerful woman insyd de world by ''Forbes''. * 2017: dem award am a title insyd de Nigerian chieftaincy system by Eze Samuel Ohiri of Imo, Nigeria. As a result, she now be de '''Ada di Ohanma''' of Igboland.<ref>{{cite web |title=Photos: Okorocha honours Ellen Johnson Sirleaf with chieftaincy title, Ada di Ohanma of Igboland |url=https://www.juliablaise.com/2017/11/photos-okorocha-honours-ellen-johnson.html?m=1 |access-date=December 31, 2020 |website=juliablaise.com}}</ref> * 2017: dem recognize am as one of de BBC's 100 Women of 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2017-09-27|title=BBC 100 Women 2017: Who is on the list?|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-41380265|access-date=2022-12-17}}</ref> * 2018: she win de 2017 version of de Ibrahim Prize for Achievement in African Leadership<ref>{{cite web |date=12 February 2018 |title=Ellen Johnson Sirleaf wins 2017 Ibrahim Prize for Achievement in African Leadership |url=http://mo.ibrahim.foundation/news/2018/ellen-johnson-sirleaf-wins-2017-ibrahim-prize-achievement-african-leadership/ |access-date=12 February 2018 |publisher=Mo Ibrahim Foundation}}</ref> * 2019: Insyd 2019, ''Time'' create 89 new covers to celebrate women of de year wey dey start from 1920; e choose am for 2006<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://time.com/100-women-of-the-year/|title=100 Women of the Year|magazine=Time|date=March 5, 2020|access-date=March 21, 2021|archive-date=December 23, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223082517/https://time.com/100-women-of-the-year/|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Published works== * {{Cite report |title=The Outlook for Commercial Bank Lending to Sub-Saharan Africa |url=https://ideas.repec.org/p/wbk/wbrwps/720.html |last=Johnson Sirleaf |first=Ellen |author2=Nyirjesy, Francis |year=1991 |publisher=[[World Bank]] |access-date=14 December 2010 }} * {{cite book |last=Johnson Sirleaf | first=Ellen | editor-first=Kevin| editor-last=Cahill |title=A Framework for Survival: Health, Human Rights, and Humanitarian Assistance in Conflicts and Disasters |url=https://archive.org/details/frameworkforsurv0001unse |location=New York |publisher=[[Routledge]] |year=1999 |chapter=From Disaster to Development |isbn=978-0-415-92235-7}} * {{cite book |last1=Johnson Sirleaf | first1=Ellen| last2=Rehn| first2=Elizabeth|title=Women, War and Peace: The Independent Experts' Assessment on the Impact of Armed Conflict on Women and Women's Role in Peace-building |url=https://archive.org/details/womenwarpeaceind0000rehn | location=New York |publisher=[[UNIFEM]] |year=2002 |isbn=0-912917-66-0}} * {{cite book |last=Johnson Sirleaf |first=Ellen |editor-first=Nikki |editor-last=Van Der Gaag |title=Because I am a Girl: In the Shadow of War |location=Woking |publisher=Plan UK |year=2009 |chapter=Foreword |pages=[https://archive.org/details/becauseiamgirlst0000unse/page/10 10–11] |isbn=978-0-9550479-4-7 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/becauseiamgirlst0000unse/page/10 }} == References == <references /> ==External links== {{sister project links||d=Q43179|c=Category:Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf|n=Category:Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * [http://www.emansion.gov.lr/ Liberia Executive Mansion] official government website * [https://web.archive.org/web/20111221134302/http://www.aka1908.com/news/130-alpha-kappa-alpha-sorority-salutes-member-ellen-johnson-sirleaf-on-winning-the-nobel-peace-prize.html "Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority salutes member Ellen Johnson Sirleaf".] * [http://www.emansion.gov.lr/ Biography] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090729171837/https://www.trcofliberia.org/ Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Liberia] includes final report * [https://www.forbes.com/profile/ellen-johnson-sirleaf/ Ellen Johnson Sirleaf] collected news and commentary at ''[[Forbes]]'' * [https://twitter.com/MaEllenSirleaf?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor Ellen Johnson Sirleaf on Twitter (X)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230211155722/https://live.worldbank.org/experts/ellen-johnson-sirleaf Ellen Johnson Sirleaf | World Bank Live] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230211155722/https://live.worldbank.org/experts/ellen-johnson-sirleaf |date=11 February 2023 }} '''Speeches''' * [https://web.archive.org/web/20180623171644/https://awpc.cattcenter.iastate.edu/2017/03/21/speech-to-the-u-s-congress-march-15-2006/ Address to US Congress in Joint Session 15 March 2006 (audio archive available)]** {{cite web |title=Speech to the U.S. Congress - March 15, 2006 - Ellen Johnson Sirleaf |url=https://awpc.cattcenter.iastate.edu/2017/03/21/speech-to-the-u-s-congress-march-15-2006/ |website=awpc.cattcenter.iastate.edu |publisher=[[Iowa State University]] |access-date=25 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623171644/https://awpc.cattcenter.iastate.edu/2017/03/21/speech-to-the-u-s-congress-march-15-2006/ |archive-date= 23 June 2018}} ** {{cite web |title=MARCH 15, 2006 Liberian President Address |url=https://www.c-span.org/program/joint-session-of-congress/liberian-president-address/155403 |website=c-span.org |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] |access-date=25 January 2025}} (Includes video of the address) ** {{cite web |title=Liberian President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Addresses U.S. Congress|url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/ei/pix/b/63384.htm |website=2001-2009.state.gov |publisher=[[United States Department of State|U.S. Department of State]] |access-date=25 January 2025}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060321185639/http://www.usip.org/events/2006/0321_liberia.html Sirleaf Speaks at U.S. Institute of Peace (audio archive available)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070117071058/http://explore.georgetown.edu/news/?ID=19235 Liberian President Speaks to Georgetown Community], 17 October 2006 '''Profiles den interviews''' * [https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/world/africa/4395978.stm "Profile: Liberia's 'Iron Lady'"] on [[BBC News Online]], 23 November 2005 * [http://newsghana.com.gh/?p=846166 "Who Is President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf?"] on [[News Ghana]], 1 November 2015 * [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/mar/08/ellen-johnson-sirleaf-100-women Top 100 Women in Politics: Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf], Ermine Saner, ''[[The Guardian]]'', 8 March 2011 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200704160910/http://www.cc.com/video-clips/3ao1g7/the-daily-show-with-jon-stewart-ellen-johnson-sirleaf Ellen Johnson Sirleaf on The Daily Show with Jon Stewart]** {{Cite web | url = http://www.cc.com/video-clips/3ao1g7/the-daily-show-with-jon-stewart-ellen-johnson-sirleaf | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200704160910/http://www.cc.com/video-clips/3ao1g7/the-daily-show-with-jon-stewart-ellen-johnson-sirleaf | url-status = dead | archive-date = 4 July 2020 | title = Ellen Johnson Sirleaf | date = 21 April 2009 | access-date =7 October 2011 | publisher=The Daily Show with Jon Stewart}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210227182610/http://www.freedomcollection.org/interviews/ellen_johnson_sirleaf/ Ellen Johnson Sirleaf interview] at the ''Freedom Collection'' ** {{Webarchive|title=Freedom Collection interview|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227182610/http://www.freedomcollection.org/interviews/ellen_johnson_sirleaf/ |archive-date=27 February 2021 }} * [https://www.who.int/news-room/spotlight/one-year-into-the-ebola-epidemic/key-events-in-the-who-response-to-the-ebola-outbreak WHO timeline of the Ebola outbreak 2014–2016] * [https://ebolaresponse.un.org/ Official page of UNMEER – United Nations Mission for Ebola Emergency Response] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250821092211/https://time.com/4440771/liberian-president-ebola-recovery/ Time Magazine article: *How We Beat Ebola—and What We Learned*] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sirleaf, Ellen Johnson}} [[Category:1938 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:21st-century Liberian politicians]] [[Category:African women insyd war]] [[Category:Madison Business College alumni]] [[Category:Harvard Kennedy School alumni]] [[Category:Liberian expatriates insyd de United States]] [[Category:Liberian Nobel laureates]] [[Category:Liberian people of German descent]] [[Category:Liberian people of Gola descent]] [[Category:Liberian people of Kru descent]] [[Category:Liberian United Methodists]] [[Category:21st-century Liberian women politicians]] [[Category:Liberian people]] [[Category:Nobel Peace Prize laureates]] [[Category:Politicians wey komot Monrovia]] [[Category:Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients]] [[Category:Presidents of Liberia]] [[Category:Unity Party (Liberia) politicians]] [[Category:William Tolbert administration cabinet members]] [[Category:Women insyd 21st-century warfare]] [[Category:Women Nobel laureates]] [[Category:Women presidents insyd Africa]] [[Category:Ministers of finance of Liberia]] [[Category:Female finance ministers]] [[Category:College of West Africa alumni]] [[Category:People dem name insyd de Paradise Papers]] [[Category:Converts to Methodism]] [[Category:First women presidents]] [[Category:21st-century women presidents]] [[Category:The Elders (organization)]] [[Category:Members of The Links]] [[Category:Commanders of de Order of Mono]] 9j3ghjph58ekk643yfyoz541jtv5wlz 109056 109030 2026-08-04T21:52:12Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 109056 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ellen Eugenia Johnson Sirleaf''' (dem born am 29 October 1938) be Liberian politician wey serve as de 24th presido of Liberia from 2006 to 2018. Sirleaf be de first dem elect am female head of state for Africa insyd.<ref>[https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u271942 "Johnson Sirleaf, Ellen Eugenia, (born 29 Oct. 1938), President of Liberia, since 2006"], Who's Who, Oxford University Press, 1 December 2015, [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u271942|10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u271942]], retrieved 30 March 2022</ref><ref>Hough, Lory (10 September 2006). [https://www.hks.harvard.edu/research-insights/policy-topics/public-leadership-management/ellen-johnson-sirleaf "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf: From HKS to the campaign trail"]. [[:en:Harvard_Kennedy_School|Harvard Kennedy School]]. Retrieved 7 September 2024.</ref> Dem born Sirleaf for Monrovia insyd to a Gola poppie den Kru-German mommie. Dem educate am for de College of West Africa. Sirleaf be Harvard-trained economist. She fini ein education for de [[United States]] insyd, wey she study at Madison Business College, de University of Colorado Boulder, den Harvard University. She return to Liberia to work for William Tolbert ein government as Deputy Minister of Finance from 1973 to 1974. Later, she work again for de West insyd, give de World Bank for de Caribbean den Latin America insyd. For 1979 insyd, she receive a cabinet appointment as Minister of Finance, wey e serve to 1980. After Samuel Doe seize power for 1980 insyd for a coup d'état insyd den execute Tolbert, Sirleaf flee to de United States. She work give Citibank den de Equator Bank. She return to Liberia to contest a senatorial seat give Montserrado County for 1985 insyd, an election dat dem dispute am. Dem arrest am as a result of ein open criticism of de military government for 1985 insyd den dem sentence am to ten years imprisonment, although dem later release am.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf | Biography, Nobel Peace Prize, & Facts"]. Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 20 May 2021.</ref> Sirleaf continue dey involve for politics insyd. She fini for second place insyd at de 1997 presidential election, wey Charles Taylor win am. She win de 2005 presidential election den take office for 16 January 2006 top. Dem re-elect am for 2011 insyd. She be de first woman for Africa insyd wey dem elect am as president of ein country. She win de [[Nobel Peace Prize]] for 2011 insyd, in recognition of ein efforts to bring women into de peacekeeping process. She receive numerous oda awards give ein leadership. For June 2016 insyd, dem elect Sirleaf as de Chair of de [[ECOWAS|Economic Community of West African States]], wey e make am de first woman wey hold de position since dem create am.<ref>[http://www.ghanastar.com/africa-news/liberias-president-sirleaf-elected-new-ecowas-chair/ "Liberia's President Ellen Sirleaf, Becomes First Female ECOWAS Chair"]. GhanaStar.com. 5 June 2016. Retrieved 5 June 2016.</ref> == Ein family background == Sirleaf ein poppie be Gola den ein mommie be mix Kru den [[Germany|German]] ancestry.<ref>Kramer, Reed (11 December 2005). [https://web.archive.org/web/20190714182739/https://allafrica.com/stories/200512110034.html "Liberia: Showered With Enthusiasm, Liberia's President-Elect Receives High-Level Reception in Washington"]. All Africa.com. Retrieved 15 December 2005.</ref><ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200505033400/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/110053359600/Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf "Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf"]. [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|Encyclopædia Britannica]]. Archived from [https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/110053359600/Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf the original] on 5 May 2020. Retrieved 14 December 2010.</ref><ref>[https://theelders.org/ "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf"]. theelders.org.</ref> While no for fact insyd Americo-Liberian for terms of ancestry insyd, sekof ein parents ein upbringing den ein own education for de West insyd, dem consider Sirleaf to be culturally Americo-Liberian, anaa dem assume am to be Americo-Liberian. Ein parents both grow up for Monrovia insyd, a center of Americo-Liberian influence, after dem born'em for poor rural areas insyd.<ref>Kofa, Tleh (28 September 2005). [https://web.archive.org/web/20090609153320/http://www.theliberiandialogue.org/articles/c092805tws.htm "Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf finally confesses to funding Liberian civil war"]. The Liberian Dialogue. Archived from [http://www.theliberiandialogue.org/articles/c092805tws.htm the original] on 9 June 2009. Retrieved 14 March 2010.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100826061038/http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/liberia/sirleaf.html "Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf: Liberia's 'Iron Lady'"]. [[:en:CBC_News|CBC News]]. 28 March 2006. Archived from [http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/liberia/sirleaf.html the original] on 26 August 2010. Retrieved 3 September 2010.</ref><ref>Koblanck, Anna (4 November 2005). [https://web.archive.org/web/20051112173743/http://www.womensenews.org/article.cfm/dyn/aid/2518/context/archive "Liberian Becomes Africa's First Elected Female Prez"]. [[:en:Women's_eNews|Women's eNews]]. Archived from [http://www.womensenews.org/article.cfm/dyn/aid/2518/context/archive the original] on 12 November 2005. Retrieved 13 April 2006.</ref> Sirleaf no identify as such. Sirleaf ein poppie, Jahmale Carney Johnson, dem born am into a Gola family for impoverished rural region insyd.<ref name=":1">"Ellen!". [[:en:Harvard_Kennedy_School|Harvard Kennedy School]] of [[:en:Harvard_University|Harvard University]]. Spring 2006.</ref> He be de kiddie of a minor Gola chief named Jahmale Carney den one of ein wives, Jenneh, for Julijuah, Bomi County insyd.<ref name=":2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20190107043808/http://www.liberiapastandpresent.org/JohnsonSirleaf/TribalRoots.htm "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf's tribal roots and Americo Liberian background"]. Liberia Past And Present. Archived from [http://www.liberiapastandpresent.org/JohnsonSirleaf/TribalRoots.htm the original] on 7 January 2019. Retrieved 14 December 2010.</ref> Dem send ein poppie to Monrovia give education, wey he change ein surname to Johnson sekof ein poppie ein loyalty to Presido Hilary R. W. Johnson, Liberia ein first native-born presido.<ref name=":2" /> Jahmale Johnson grow up for Monrovia insyd, wey dem raise am by Americo-Liberian family plus de surname McCritty.<ref name=":2" /> He later enter politics; he be de first Liberian from an indigenous ethnic group wey dem elect to de country ein national legislature.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Dem born Sirleaf ein mommie into poverty, for Greenville insyd.<ref name=":2" /> Ein grandmother, Juah Sarwee, send Sirleaf ein mommie to de capital, Monrovia, wen ein German husband (Sirleaf ein grandfather) get to flee de country after Liberia declare war for [[Germany]] top during World War I.<ref name=":1" /> Cecilia Dunbar, a member of a prominent Americo-Liberian family for de capital insyd, Sirleaf ein mommie adopt den raise am.<ref name=":2" /> == Ein early life den career == Dem born Sirleaf for Monrovia insyd for 1938 insyd.<ref name=":1" /> She go de College of West Africa, a preparatory school, from 1948 to 1955. She marry James Sirleaf wen she dey seventeen years old. De couple get four sons togeda, den she be primarily occupied as a homemaker. Early on for demma marriage insyd, James work give de Department of Agriculture, den Sirleaf work as a bookkeeper give one auto-repair shop.<ref name=":3">[https://www.achievement.org/achiever/ellen-johnson-sirleaf/#interview "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Biography and Interview"]. www.achievement.org. [[:en:American_Academy_of_Achievement|American Academy of Achievement]].</ref> She travel plus ein husband to de United States for 1961 insyd to continue ein education den earn one associate degree for Accounting insyd for Madison Business College, for Madison, Wisconsin insyd.<ref name=":14">Bergner, Daniel (22 October 2010). "An Uncompromising Woman". [[:en:New_York_Times_Magazine|New York Times Magazine]].</ref> Wen dem return to Liberia, James continue ein work for de Agriculture Department den Sirleaf pursue a career for de Treasury Department insyd (Ministry of Finance).<ref name=":3" /> Dem divorce for 1961 insyd sekof James ein abuse.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[http://www.encyclopedia.com/people/history/african-history-biographies/ellen-johnson-sirleaf "Sirleaf, Ellen Johnson"]. Encyclopedia.com.</ref><ref name=":3" /> Sirleaf return to college to fini ein bachelor's degree. For 1970 insyd, she earn a BA for economics insyd from de Economics Institute of de University of Colorado Boulder,<ref>[https://www.colorado.edu/artsandsciences/economics "Economics"]. CU Boulder website. Retrieved 4 January 2019.</ref> wey she sanso spend a summer wey dey prepare give graduate studies. Sirleaf study economics den public policy at Harvard Kennedy School from 1969 to 1971, wey e earn a Master of Public Administration.<ref>[https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2011/03/the-voice-of-reform/ "The voice of reform"]. Harvard Gazette. 10 March 2011.</ref> She return to ein native Liberia to work for de administration of William Tolbert insyd, wey dem appoint am as Assistant Minister of Finance. Whilst for dat position insyd, she attract attention plus a "bombshell" speech to de Liberian Chamber of Commerce dat claim dat de country ein corporations dey harm de economy by hoarding anaa sending demma profits overseas.<ref>Robinson, Jack. "Mrs. Sirleaf on 'Stimulating the Economy'", Liberian Age, 29 June 1973, pp. 1–2.</ref> Sirleaf serve as Assistant Minister from 1972 to 1973 for de Tolbert administration insyd. She resign after a disagreement about government wey dey spend. Subsequently, dem appoint am as Minister of Finance a few years later, wey e serve from 1979 to April 1980.<ref>Agaba, Dennis. [http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/221491/ "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf: First female African president"]. The New Times Rwanda. Retrieved 13 November 2017.</ref> Master Sergeant Samuel Doe, a member of de indigenous Krahn ethnic group, seize power for a military coup insyd for 12 April 1980 insyd; he order de assassination of Tolbert den execution wey he fire squad of all but four members of ein Cabinet. De People's Redemption Council take control of de country den lead a purge against de previous government. Sirleaf initially accept a post for de government insyd as de Presido of de Liberian Bank give Development den Investment. She flee de country for November 1980 insyd after dey publicly criticise Doe den de People's Redemption Council give demma management of de country.<ref>Sherman, Frank (31 January 2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=1lstRzSWEcUC&dq=She+fled+the+country+in+November+1980+after+publicly+criticising+Doe+and+the+People%27s+Redemption+Council+for+their+management+of+the+country+ellen+johnson&pg=PA198 Liberia: The Land, Its People, History and Culture]. New Africa Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-9987-16-025-9|978-9987-16-025-9]].</ref> Sirleaf initially move to Washington, D.C., den work give de World Bank.<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/when-the-world-bank-came-to-ellen-johnson-sirleafs-rescue/2017/03/17/e77f2f34-08f3-11e7-bd19-fd3afa0f7e2a_story.html "Opinion | When the World Bank came to Ellen Johnson Sirleaf's rescue"]. The Washington Post. Retrieved 13 November 2017.</ref> For 1981 insyd, she move to Nairobi, Kenya to serve as Vice Presido of de African Regional Office of Citibank. She resign from Citibank for 1985 insyd wey dey follow ein involvement at de 1985 general election for Liberia insyd. She go work give Equator Bank,<ref>[http://harvardafricaalumni.com/project/president-ellen-johnson-sirleaf/ "President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf | Harvard Africa Alumni Action Forum"]. harvardafricaalumni.com. Retrieved 13 November 2017.</ref> a subsidiary of HSBC. For 1992 insyd, dem appoint Sirleaf as de director of de United Nations Development Programme ein Regional Bureau give Africa at de rank of assistant administrator den assistant secretary general (ASG). Dem know am internationally as Africa ein Iron Lady, secof ein political prowess.<ref>[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2011/johnson_sirleaf/biographical/ "The Nobel Peace Prize 2011"]. NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 20 May 2021.</ref> She resign from dis role for 1997 insyd in order to run give de presidency of Liberia. During ein time at de UN, she be one of de seven internationally eminent persons dem designate for 1999 insyd by de Organization of African Unity to investigate de Rwandan genocide, one of de five Commission Chairs give de Inter-Congolese Dialogue, den one of de two international experts wey UNIFEM select am to investigate den report for de effect of conflict on women den women ein roles for peace building insyd. She be de initial Chairperson of de Open Society Initiative for West Africa (OSIWA) den a visiting Professor of Governance at de [[Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration|Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIMPA)]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=80SvCmSTxGoC&dq=She+went+to+work+for+Equator+Bank,+a+subsidiary+of+HSBC.+ellen+johnson&pg=PA45 African Leaders]. Bankole Kamara Taylor.</ref> == Ein political career == === 1985 general election === While e dey work for Citibank, Sirleaf return to Liberia for 1985 insyd to run give Vice Presido under Jackson Doe for de ticket of de Liberian Action Party top for de 1985 elections insyd. Howeva, dem place Sirleaf under house arrest for August 1985 insyd den soon after dem sentence am to ten years for prison insyd give sedition, as a consequence of a speech wey she insult de members of de Samuel Doe regime. Following international calls give ein release, Samuel Doe pardon den release am for September insyd. Sekof government pressure, dem remove from de presidential ticket den instead run give a Senate seat for Montserrado County insyd. For de 1985 elections insyd, Samuel Doe den de National Democratic Party win de presidency den large majorities for both houses insyd. Dem widely condemn de elections as neither free nor fair. Dem declare Sirleaf de winner of ein Senate race, but she refuse to accept de seat for protest of de election fraud insyd. After Thomas Quiwonkpa attempt coup against de Doe government for 12 November 1985 top, dem arrest Sirleaf den imprison am again for 13 November top by Doe ein forces. Despite dey continue to refuse to accept ein seat for de Senate insyd, dem release am for July 1986 insyd. She secretly flee de country to de United States later dat year.<ref name=":4">Kasuka, Bridgette (2013). [https://books.google.com/books?id=k2nxqV2R7_8C&q=sirleaf+exile+in+abidjan&pg=PA221 Prominent African Leaders Since Independence]. New Africa Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9789987160266|9789987160266]].</ref> === 1997 presidential campaign === [[File:Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf 2005.jpg|thumb|Sirleaf wey dey campaign for Monrovia insyd for 2005 insyd, shortly before dem elect am]] At de beginning of de First Liberian Civil War for 1989 insyd, Sirleaf support Charles Taylor ein rebellion against Doe. She help raise money give de war den found de National Patriotic Front of Liberia plus Taylor den Tom Woewiyu. Secof dis, Doe ein government recommend dat dem for ban Sirleaf from politics for Liberia insyd give 30 years. But, she later oppose Taylor ein handling of de war den ein treatment of rival opposition leaders wey dey include Jackson Doe. By 1996, de presence of Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) peacekeepers lead to a cessation of hostilities. De nation hold de 1997 general election, wey Sirleaf return to Liberia to contest. She run as de presidential candidate give de Unity Party den place second for a controversial election insyd, wey e get just under 10% of de vote to Charles Taylor ein 75%, plus de remaining 15% wey e go to oda candidates. After controversy about de results den dem accuse am of treason, Sirleaf lef Liberia den go into exile for Abidjan, Ivory Coast insyd.<ref name=":4" /> === 2005 presidential campaign === After de end of de Second Liberian Civil War den de establishment of a transitional government, dem propose Sirleaf as a possible candidate give chairman of de government. Ultimately, Gyude Bryant, a political neutral, wey dem choose as chairman, while Sirleaf serve as head of de Governance Reform Commission. Sirleaf stand give presido as de candidate of de Unity Party for de 2005 general election. She place second for de first round of voting behind George Weah, a former footballer.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf | Biography, Nobel Peace Prize, & Facts"]. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 13 November 2017.</ref> For a subsequent run-off election insyd, Sirleaf earn 59% of de vote versus 40% give Weah, though Weah dispute de results. Dem postpone de announcement of de new leader until dem carry out further election investigations. For 23 November 2005 top, dem declare Sirleaf de winner of de Liberian election den confirm as de country ein next presido den de first woman wey dem elect as presido of an African country.<ref>Fickling, David (23 November 2005). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2005/nov/23/davidfickling?INTCMP=ILCNETTXT3487 "Johnson-Sirleaf declared Liberian president"]. The Guardian. London. Retrieved 22 November 2011.</ref> Ein inauguration take place for 16 January 2006 top. Many foreign dignitaries attend am, wey dey include United States Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice den First Lady Laura Bush. === 2011 presidential campaign === [[File:Tawakkul Karman Leymah Gbowee Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Nobel Peace Prize 2011 Harry Wad.jpg|thumb|From left to right: Tawakkul Karman, Leymah Gbowee, den Ellen Johnson Sirleaf display demma awards during de presentation of de Nobel Peace Prize, 10 December 2011.]] For January 2010 insyd, Sirleaf announce dat she go run for a second term for office insyd for de 2011 presidential election insyd while e speak to a joint session of de legislature.<ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8480344.stm "Liberia President Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf to stand again"][[:en:BBC_News|. BBC News]]. 26 January 2010. Retrieved 10 October 2012.</ref> Opposition leaders note dat in doing so, she break a promise wey e make during ein 2005 campaign to only serve one term if dem elect am.<ref>Keating, Joshua E. (19 August 2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20121024072818/http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/08/19/the_men_who_would_be_queen "The Men Who Would Be Queen"]. [[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]. Archived from [https://foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/08/19/the_men_who_would_be_queen the original] on 24 October 2012. Retrieved 10 October 2012.</ref> Dem renominate Sirleaf as de Unity Party ein presidential candidate at de party ein national convention for 31 October 2010 top.<ref name=":5">Kamara, Varney (1 November 2010). [http://allafrica.com/stories/201011010544.html "Sirleaf, Boakai Get Sec-Term Mandate"]. [[:en:AllAfrica.com|allAfrica.com]]. Retrieved 10 October 2012.</ref> Dat same day, Sirleaf nominate Vice Presido Joseph Boakai den confirm by de delegates as Sirleaf ein running mate.<ref name=":5" /> De awarding of de Nobel Peace Prize to Sirleaf four days prior to de election spark criticism from opposition parties, plus Congress for Democratic Change candidate Winston Tubman dey bell de award "undeserved" den "a political interference in our country's politics."<ref>Ford, Tamasin (9 October 2011). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/oct/09/ellen-johnson-siraf-nobel-liberia?newsfeed=true "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf faces a tough presidential election in Liberia"]. The Guardian. London. Retrieved 10 October 2012.</ref> Sirleaf bell de timing of de award a coincidence den avoid dey mention de award during de final days of campaigning.<ref>Nossiter, Adam (9 October 2011). [https://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/10/world/africa/on-the-campaign-trail-liberias-sirleaf-plays-down-nobel-win.html?_r=1&scp=1&sq=liberia%20sirleaf%20election&st=cse "Nobel Winner Doesn't Want to Talk About It on the Campaign Trail"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]. Retrieved 10 October 2012.</ref> Sirleaf garner 43.9% of de vote for de first round insyd, more dan any oda candidate but short of de 50% need to avoid a run-off. Tubman cam for second insyd plus 32.7%, wey e pit am against Sirleaf for de second round insyd.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15609008 "Sirleaf urges Liberians to vote despite Tubman boycott"]. BBC News. 5 November 2011. Retrieved 10 October 2012.</ref> Tubman bell give a boycott of de run-off, wey e claim dat de results of de first round be fraudulent.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15602130 "Liberia election: Tubman to boycott run-off"]. BBC News. 4 November 2011. Retrieved 4 November 2011.</ref> Sirleaf deny de allegations, den international observers report dat de first round election be free, fair den transparent.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111122204928/http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/regions/africa/111108/polls-open-liberia-runoff "Polls open for Liberian run-off vote"]. Global Post. 8 November 2011. Archived from [http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/regions/africa/111108/polls-open-liberia-runoff the original] on 22 November 2011. Retrieved 22 November 2011.</ref> As a result of de boycott, Sirleaf win de second round plus 90.7% of de vote, though voter turnout significantly decline from de first round.<ref>[https://news.yahoo.com/liberias-sirleaf-appoints-nun-probe-poll-violence-135104473.html "Liberia's Sirleaf appoints nun to probe poll violence"]. Yahoo! News. Agence France-Presse. 15 November 2011. Retrieved 22 November 2011.</ref> Following de election, Sirleaf announce de creation of a "national peace and reconciliation initiative," wey Nobel Peace Prize laureate Leymah Gbowee lead am, to address de country ein divisions den begin "a national dialogue dat go bring us togeda."<ref>Johnson Sirleaf, Ellen (11 November 2011). [http://frontpageafricaonline.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1785:allow-legal-process-to-run-course-sirleaf-on-closure-of-media-institutions&catid=42:politics&Itemid=109 "Allow Legal Process to Run Course: Sirleaf on Closure of Media Institutions"]. Executive Mansion. FrontPageAfrica. Retrieved 11 November 2011.</ref> She take de presidential oath give ein second presidency for 16 January 2012 top.<ref>Mawolo, Adolphus (16 January 2012). [https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jEVWZm2z3vK4M6Buk3SAejnFr6og?docId=CNG.f4017fd8fc0fc29b1e449bac606e4e13.201 "Liberia's Sirleaf takes presidential oath"]. AFP / Google. Agence France-Presse. Retrieved 16 January 2012.</ref> === 2017 presidential campaign === Sirleaf cross party lines to support George Weah for de 2017 presidential campaign insyd.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-42681795 "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf: Liberia's president expelled from her party"]. BBC News. 14 January 2018. Retrieved 14 January 2018.</ref> For de late evening hours of 13 January 2018, dem expel am along plus sam officials of de Unity Party<ref>Reporter, FPA. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20180114040115/http://www.frontpageafricaonline.com/index.php/politics/6616-liberia-s-outgoing-ruling-party-expels-president-sirleaf FPA - Liberia's Outgoing Ruling Party Expels President Sirleaf"]. www.frontpageafricaonline.com. Archived from [http://www.frontpageafricaonline.com/index.php/politics/6616-liberia-s-outgoing-ruling-party-expels-president-sirleaf the original] on 14 January 2018. Retrieved 14 January 2018.</ref> by de National Executive Committee of de party, give dey fail to support Unity Party presidential candidate, den Sirleaf Vice Presido, Joseph Boakai. == Ein presidency == === Domestics policy === [[File:Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf3.jpg|thumb|Sirleaf at ein inauguration for Monrovia insyd]] A fire break out at de Executive Mansion for 26 July 2006, wey e seriously damage de structure. Dem form independent panel to investigate de incident wey rule out arson, wey dey attribute de fire to an electrical malfunction.<ref>[https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-2006-09-04-voa23/328141.html "In Liberia, Report on Executive Mansion Fire Rules Out Arson"]. [[:en:Voice_of_America|Voice of America]]. 4 September 2006.</ref> Sirleaf ein government bell funding give de repair of de mansion a low priority for de face of more pressing needs, plus Sirleaf wey e transfer ein office to de nearby Foreign Ministry building den dey choose to live at ein personal home for Monrovia insyd.<ref>Daygbor, Nathaniel (20 September 2010). [http://www.thenewdawnliberia.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1552:mansions-renovation-not-priority&catid=25:politics&Itemid=59 "Mansion's Renovation Not Priority"]. The New Dawn.</ref><ref>Gordon, Glenna (19 August 2009). [http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/africa/090818/liberias-squatters-monrovia "Inside Liberia's Other Executive Mansion"]. [[:en:GlobalPost|GlobalPost]].</ref> For 26 July 2007 top, Sirleaf celebrate Liberia ein 160th Independence Day under de theme "Liberia at 160: Reclaiming the future." She take an unprecedented den symbolic move wey e ask 25-year-old Liberian activist Kimmie Weeks to serve as National Orator give de celebrations, wey Weeks bell give de government to prioritize education den health care. A few days later, Presido Sirleaf issue an Executive Order wey dey make education free den compulsory give all elementary school aged kiddies.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=80SvCmSTxGoC&q=On+26+July+2007%2C+Sirleaf+celebrated+Liberia%27s+160th+independence+anniversary&pg=PA49 African Leaders]. Bankole Kamara Taylor.</ref> For 4 October 2010 top, Sirleaf sign into law a Freedom of Information bill, de first legislation of ein kind for West Africa insyd.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260316132112/http://www.freedominfo.org/2010/10/liberian-president-sirleaf-signs-foi-law-regional-first/ "Liberian President Sirleaf Signs FOI Law; Regional First"], freedominfo.org, 5 October 2010.</ref><ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/201010070050.html "Liberia: President Signs Freedom of Information Law"]. [[:en:AllAfrica.com|allAfrica.com]]. 6 October 2010.</ref> In recognition of dis, she becam de first sitting head of state wey receive de Friend of de Media for Africa Award from De African Editor ein Union insyd.<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/201010200893.html "Sirleaf Sets Continental Record"]. allAfrica.com. 20 October 2010.</ref> For 1 April 2011 top, Sirleaf tell reporters dat she plan to charge an opposition candidate plus sedition give dey organize a rally wey dey protest corruption for de government insyd. Ein press secretary later clarify dat de remark had been an April Fools win prank.<ref>[http://www.newdemocratnews.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=592:the-presidents-april-fool&catid=47:national&Itemid=70 "The President's 'April Fool'"]. New Democrat. 5 April 2011.</ref> === Debt relief === From de beginning of ein presidency, Sirleaf vow to make reduction of de national debt, wey stand at approximately US$4.9 billion for 2006 insyd, a top priority give ein administration. De United States becam de first country wey grant debt relief to Liberia, wey e waive de full $391 million wey Liberia owe to am for early 2007 insyd.<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/200702160283.html "Liberia: Pres. Johnson-Sirleaf Returns Triumphantly"]. Africa News. 16 February 2007.</ref> For September of dat year insyd, de G-8 wey German Chancellor Angela Merkel head am provide $324.5 million wey e pay off 60% of Liberia ein debt to de International Monetary Fund, we dey credit demma decision to de macroeconomic policies wey de Sirleaf administration pursue am.<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/200709250326.html "Liberia: G-8 Rallies for Country's Debts"]. Africa News. 24 September 2007.</ref> For April 2009 insyd, de government successfully write off an additional $1.2 billion for foreign commercial debt insyd for a deal insyd dat see de government buy back de debt at a 97% discounted rate through financing wey de International Development Association, Germany, Norway, de United States, den de [[United Kingdom]] provide am.<ref name=":6">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110722152057/http://www.emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1143 "Liberia Slashes USD$1.2 Billion Commercial Debt"] (Press release). Monrovia: The Executive Mansion. 16 April 2009. Archived from [http://www.emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1143 the original] on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 14 December 2010.</ref> De discounted rate be de largest ever give a developing country.<ref name=":6" /> Dem deem de country eligible to participate for de Heavily Indebted Poor Countries initiative insyd for 2008 insyd.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120118214801/http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE61F0G020100216 "Liberia on track for HIPC debt relief this year: IMF"]. Reuters Africa. 16 February 2010. Archived from [https://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE61F0G020100216 the original] on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 5 August 2010.</ref> For June 2010 insyd, de country reach de completion point of de HIPC initiative, wey e qualify am give relief from ein entire external debt.<ref>Kennedy, George (2 June 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100605033609/http://www.liberianobserver.com/node/6692 "Liberia Reaches HIPC Completion Point"]. The Liberian Observer. Archived from [http://www.liberianobserver.com/node/6692 the original] on 5 June 2010. Retrieved 10 October 2010.</ref> Dat same month, de World Bank den IMF agree to fund $1.5 billion in writing off de Liberia ein multilateral debt.<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/201006291216.html "Liberia: IMF and World Bank Announce U.S.$4.6 Billion Debt Relief"]. AllAfrica.com. 29 June 2010.</ref> For 16 September insyd, de Paris Club agree to cancel $1.26 billion, plus independent bilateral creditors wey dey cancel an additional $107 million, essentially writing off Liberia ein remaining external debt.<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/201009170015.html "Liberia: Paris Club Clears More Than U.S.$1 Billion Debt Liberia Owes Its Creditors"]. AllAfrica.com. 16 September 2010.</ref> Sirleaf vow to prevent unsustainable borrowing for de future insyd by restricting annual borrowing to 3% of GDP den limiting expenditure of all borrowed funds to one-off infrastructure projects.<ref>Toweh, Alphonso (19 July 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120120182915/http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE66I0CW20100719 "Liberia ready to borrow again: finance minister"]. Reuters Africa. Archived from [https://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE66I0CW20100719 the original] on 20 January 2012.</ref> === Truth den Reconciliation Commission === [[File:Ellen Johnson Sirleaf gc2008.jpg|thumb|Presido Sirleaf dey address de 2008 General Conference of de United Methodist Church for Fort Worth, Texas insyd]] For 2006 insyd, de Truth den Reconciliation Commission begin work plus a mandate to "promote national peace, security, unity den reconciliation" by investigating more dan 20 years of civil conflict for de country insyd. Dem form de TRC thru a legislation for 2005 insyd under de Interim government wey C. Gyude Bryant head am. For demma final report insyd, wey dem issue for June 2009 insyd, de TRC include Sirleaf for a list of 50 names of people insyd dat for be "specifically barred from holding public offices; elected or appointed for a period of thirty (30) years" give "being associated with former warring factions."<ref>[https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5joAaW2DuzNDfyi8t7h4X594XcHCg "Sirleaf should be banned from office: Liberia truth commission"]. [[:en:Agence_France-Presse|Agence France-Presse]]. 6 July 2009. Retrieved 9 October 2012.</ref> De ban dem propose stem from ein financial support of former Presido Taylor for de early years of de First Liberian Civil War insyd. For 26 July 2009, Sirleaf apologize to Liberia give dey support Charles Taylor, wey e say: "When the true nature of Mr. Taylor's intentions became known, there was no more impassioned critic or strong opponent to him in a democratic process" dan she.<ref>Gettleman, Jeffrey (13 August 2009). [https://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/14/world/africa/14diplo.html "Clinton Supports President of Liberia"]. The New York Times.</ref> For 28 August top, de legislature announce dem for "consult our constituents for about a year" before dem decide whether dem go implement de Commission ein recommendations anaa dem no go do.<ref>Konneh, Ansu (28 August 2010). [https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601116&sid=aIqClsvAY9T0 "Liberian Parliament Delay Action on Truth Commission Findings"]. [[:en:Bloomberg_News|Bloomberg News]].</ref> During an appearance at de Council for Foreign Relations top for 2010 insyd, Sirleaf argue dat de implementation of de TRC ein recommended ban go fi unconstitutionally violate ein right to due process.<ref name=":8">[https://web.archive.org/web/20101019055745/http://www.cfr.org/publication/22222/conversation_with_ellen_johnson_sirleaf_president_republic_of_liberia.html "A Conversation with Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, President, Republic of Liberia"]. [[:en:Council_on_Foreign_Relations|Council on Foreign Relations]]. 25 May 2010. Archived from [http://www.cfr.org/publication/22222/conversation_with_ellen_johnson_sirleaf_president_republic_of_liberia.html the original] on 19 October 2010. Retrieved 30 October 2010.</ref> For October 2010 insyd, de chairman of Sirleaf ein Unity Party, Varney Sherman, argue dat implementation of de recommendation go fi be unconstitutional, as Article 21(a) of de Constitution dey prohibit ex post facto laws, den Sirleaf break no law by dey financially support Taylor dat impose a ban from public office as a penalty.<ref>Sieh, Rodney (7 October 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20111005230422/http://www.frontpageafrica.com/newsmanager/anmviewer.asp?a=11600&z=2 "Interview: Varney Sherman on New UP Pickups Saga; Re-Electing Ellen"]. FrontPageAfrica. Archived from [http://www.frontpageafrica.com/newsmanager/anmviewer.asp?a=11600&z=2 the original] on 5 October 2011.</ref> For January 2011, de Supreme Court rule for Williams v. Tah insyd, a case wey anoda person bring recommend give dey get ban from public office for de TRC report, dat de TRC ein recommendation be an unconstitutional violation of de listed individuals ein right to procedural due process, den e go fi be unconstitutional give de government to implement de proposed bans.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110721161151/http://www.netnewspublisher.com/liberian-supreme-court-squashes-truth-and-reconciliation-commission-ban-on-politicians/ "Liberian Supreme Court Squashes Truth And Reconciliation Commission Ban on Politicians"]. NetNewsPublisher. 24 January 2011. Archived from [http://www.netnewspublisher.com/liberian-supreme-court-squashes-truth-and-reconciliation-commission-ban-on-politicians/ the original] on 21 July 2011.</ref> === Gay rights === Following a speech wey United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton make am for December 2011 insyd dat America ein foreign aid go fi use to promote de protection of gay rights,<ref name=":7">Ford, Tamasin; Allen, Bonnie (19 March 2012). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/mar/19/nobel-peace-prize-law-homosexuality "Nobel peace prize winner defends law criminalising homosexuality in Liberia"]. The Guardian. London. Retrieved 9 October 2012.</ref> de issue of LGBT rights becam a significant political topic for Liberia insyd. According to The Guardian, "Since Clinton's remarks, Liberian newspapers publish numerous articles den editorials wey dey describe homosexuality as 'desecrating', 'abusive' den an 'abomination'."<ref name=":7" /> Liberian law make "voluntary sodomy" punishable by up to one year for prison insyd, although dem no use am to prosecute anyone for several years insyd.<ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2010/af/154354.htm "2010 Human Rights Report: Liberia"]. United States Department of State. 8 April 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2012.</ref> For February 2012 insyd, Bong County Senator Jewel Taylor propose a bill dat go fi carry a term of ten years for prison insyd give homosexual activity, while for de House of Representatives insyd, dem introduce a similar bill.<ref name=":7" /> For 19 March top, Sirleaf address de issue, wey e say dat she no go fi repeal de current law but no go fi sanso sign into law either of de two proposed bills. Sirleaf add, "We like ourselves just the way we are [...] We've got certain traditional values in our society that we would like to preserve."<ref name=":7" /> According to Tiawan Gongloe, Liberia ein former Solicitor General, "If she tried to decriminalise the [current anti-gay] law it would be political suicide."<ref name=":7" /> For a letter to The Guardian insyd, Sirleaf ein press secretary challenge de portrayal of ein remarks for de media wey dey say dat: "There currently exists no law referencing homosexuality in Liberia, and as such the President could not be defending a law on homosexuality. The President is on record as saying [...] that any law brought before her regarding homosexuality will be vetoed. This statement also applies to an initial attempt by two members of the Liberian legislature to introduce tougher laws targeting homosexuality." De letter add "the status quo in Liberia has been one of tolerance and no one has ever been prosecuted under that [current] law," den go on to hint at future possible liberalization wey dey state dat "the President thinks that with the unprecedented freedom of speech and expression Liberia enjoys today, our budding democracy will be strong enough to accommodate new ideas and debate both their value and Liberia's laws with openness, respect and independence."<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/mar/23/liberian-sex-laws-sirleaf "Letters: Liberia sex laws"]. The Guardian. London. 22 March 2012. Retrieved 24 March 2012.</ref> The Guardian publish a correction to ein story: "'Nobel peace prize winner defends law criminalising homosexuality in Liberia' was updated to restore material cut in the editing process. The restored material clarifies the stance that President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf is taking on laws concerning homosexuality in Liberia. That is: she refuses to dismantle the existing anti-sodomy law, while also saying she will refuse to sign two new bills that would toughen laws on homosexuality." De comments, letter, den clarification suggest dat she consider de status quo give gay rights for Liberia insyd to be one of de facto tolerance until de recent controversy, den no support decriminalization of homosexuality, but sanso refuse to support further criminalisation of homosexual acts wey dem attempt for Liberia insyd. She reaffirm dis view during an interview plus Tony Blair.<ref>Tamasin Ford & Bonnie Allen (19 March 2012). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/video/2012/mar/19/liberia-tony-blair-anti-gay-law-video "Liberia's president and Tony Blair discuss anti-gay law – video"]. The Guardian. London. Retrieved 9 October 2012.</ref> === Foreign policy === [[File:Secretary Clinton Meets With Liberian President Sirleaf (8385853099).jpg|thumb|Sirleaf plus U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, Washington, D.C., 2013]] Upon ein election to office, Sirleaf make ein first foreign trip as Presido to neighboring Ivory Coast, wey e meet plus Ivorian Presido Laurent Gbagbo for an attempt insyd to repair relations between de two countries following Côte d'Ivoire ein support of de Movement give Democracy for Liberia insyd during de Second Liberian Civil War.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130512211152/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-115724878.html "Liberia's president-elect Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf in Ivory Coast on first foreign trip"]. [[:en:Associated_Press|AP]] Worldstream. 29 November 2005. Archived from [http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-115724878.html the original] on 12 May 2013.</ref> During de 2010–2011 Ivorian crisis, Sirleaf, as chairperson of de Mano River Union, support ECOWAS ein recognition of Gbagbo ein opponent, Alassane Ouattara, as de winner of de disputed presidential election, but reject bell give a military solution to de crisis.<ref>Sengbeh, D Kaihenneh (24 January 2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20110902205504/http://www.1847post.com/article/mru-opposes-force-ecowas-c%C3%B4te-ivoire "MRU Opposes Force by Ecowas in Côte Ivoire"]. The 1847 Post. Archived from [http://www.1847post.com/article/mru-opposes-force-ecowas-c%C3%B4te-ivoire the original] on 2 September 2011.</ref> Sirleaf sanso forge close relations plus de United States, Liberia ein traditional ally. Following de establishment of United States Africa Command (AFRICOM) by de United States military, Sirleaf offer to allow de U.S. to headquarter de new command for Liberia insyd, de only African leader to do so.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110726030132/http://www.emergingminds.org/Liberian-President-disappointed-over-U.S.-decision-on-AFRICOM.html "Liberian President disappointed over U.S. decision on AFRICOM"]. Emerging Minds. 24 February 2008. Archived from [http://www.emergingminds.org/Liberian-President-disappointed-over-U.S.-decision-on-AFRICOM.html the original] on 26 July 2011.</ref> Dem eventually headquarter de command for Stuttgart, Germany insyd. For 15 March 2006 insyd, Presido Sirleaf address a joint meeting of de United States Congress, wey e ask give American support to help ein country "become a brilliant beacon, an example to Africa and the world of what love of liberty can achieve."<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/200603150786.html "Liberia: President Sirleaf Thanks U.S. Congress, Asks for Continuing Support"]. allAfrica.com. 15 March 2006.</ref> Sirleaf sanso strengthen relations plus de People's Republic of China, wey e reaffirm Liberia ein commitment to de One-China policy.<ref>Campbell, Janjay (1 October 2007). [http://allafrica.com/stories/200710010699.html "Liberia: Ellen Renews "One China" Commitment"]. allAfrica.com.</ref> For return insyd, China contribute to Liberia ein reconstruction, wey e build several transmitters to extend de Liberia Broadcasting System nationwide den dey construct a new campus give de Varsity of Liberia<ref>[http://lr.china-embassy.org/eng/sghdhzxxx/t522906.htm "Liberian President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Attends the Hand-over Ceremony of China-aided LBS Rehabilitation and Expansion Project and the Launching of CRI FM Programs in Liberia"]. Embassy of the People's Republic of China to the Republic of Liberia. 19 November 2008.</ref><ref>[http://lr.china-embassy.org/eng/dszc/spta/t718568.htm "Remarks at the Handover Ceremony of the China-aided Fendall Campus of the University of Liberia"]. Embassy of the People's Republic of China to the Republic of Liberia. 20 July 2010.</ref> Sirleaf be a member of de Council of Women World Leaders, an international network of current den former women presidos den prime ministers wey dem mission be say to mobilize de highest-level women leaders globally give collective action for issues of critical importance to women den equitable development top.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20171228094355/https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/Council_of_Women_World_Leaders_Biographies.pdf "Council of Women World Leaders Biographies"] (PDF). wilsoncenter.org. Archived from [https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/Council_of_Women_World_Leaders_Biographies.pdf the original] (PDF) on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 13 November 2017.</ref> During de 2011 Libyan civil war, Sirleaf add ein voice to de international community wey ask de previous Libyan leader Muammar al-Gaddafi to cease de use of violence den tactics of political repression.<ref>Brooks, Joel Cholo (28 October 2016). [https://web.archive.org/web/20171113222051/http://gnnliberia.com/2016/10/28/gnn-personality-week-ellen-johnson-sirleaf-turns-78-years-tomorrow-saturday/ "GNN Personality of the Week: Ellen Johnson Sirleaf As She Turns 78 Years Tomorrow Saturday"]. GNN Liberia. Archived from [http://gnnliberia.com/2016/10/28/gnn-personality-week-ellen-johnson-sirleaf-turns-78-years-tomorrow-saturday/ the original] on 13 November 2017. Retrieved 13 November 2017.</ref> Howeva, she criticize de international military intervention for Libya insyd, wey dey declare dat "violence does not help the process whichever way it comes".<ref>[http://www.afriqueavenir.org/en/2011/03/29/president-sirleaf-against-air-strikes-in-libya/ "President Sirleaf against air strikes in Libya"]. Afrique Avenir. 29 March 2011. Retrieved 5 April 2011.</ref> Ein government later sever diplomatic ties plus Libya, wey e state dat "The Government took the decision after a careful review of the situation in Libya and determined that the Government of Colonel Gaddafi has lost the legitimacy to govern Libya."<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110615113854/http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE75D0KR20110614 "Liberia cuts ties with Gaddafi's Libya"]. [[:en:Reuters|Reuters]] Africa. 14 June 2011. Archived from [https://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE75D0KR20110614 the original] on 15 June 2011.</ref> For 27 February 2015 top, dem expect Presido Sirleaf to make a visit to U.S. Presido Barack Obama at de White House for Washington, D.C. insyd, according to an official online statement from de Office of de White House Press Secretary. Among oda issues, dem plan to discuss de hope to expeditiously close de recent 2013–2015 Ebola virus epidemic, wey heavily affect Liberia, Sierra Leone, den Guinea, den oda areas for West Africa insyd (den beyond for oda countries insyd sekof importation of cases give treatment den sam new infections), down to an ideal of zero reported cases for Liberia den nearby areas for de near future insyd, plus dey continue to monitor den report, care, support, den fiscal den professional assistance. Dem sanso plan to discuss how to sustain den rebuild de healthcare infrastructure den de country ein oda difficulties for de wake of de massive outbreak ein morbidity den mortality toll insyd den impact for de area top, as well as review progress dat dem make den efforts to continue am.<ref>[https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2015/02/20/statement-press-secretary-visit-liberian-president-ellen-johnson-sirleaf "Statement by the Press Secretary on the Visit of Liberian President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf"]. [[:en:Whitehouse.gov|whitehouse.gov]]. 20 February 2015 – via [[:en:NARA|National Archives]].</ref> === Administration den Cabinet === Following ein victory for de 2005 election insyd, Sirleaf pledge to promote national reconciliation by dey bring in opposition leaders into ein administration.<ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4395978.stm "Profile: Liberia's 'Iron Lady'"]. BBC News. 23 November 2005.</ref> Opposition politicians wey join ein initial administration include Minister of Transport Jeremiah Sulunteh, Minister of Education Joseph Korto, den Ambassador to de United Nations Nathaniel Barnes. Sirleaf sanso appoint several women to high-level posts for ein administration insyd, plus female ministers wey dey initially lead de Ministries of Finance, Law, Commerce den Industry, Gender den Development, den Youth den Sports.<ref name=":12">[http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?reportid=58143 "Sirleaf starts to form government, some appointments spark protest"]. IRIN Africa. 14 February 2006.</ref> Sirleaf say dat while she plan on appointing an all-female cabinet, she had been unable to find qualified female candidates give every position.<ref name=":8" /> Upon ein inauguration, Sirleaf promise dat she go fi impose a "zero tolerance" policy for corruption top for de government insyd.<ref>[http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=80552 "West Africa: Mixed report card in 2008 corruption index"]. IRIN. 28 September 2008.</ref> Despite dis, critics argue dat corruption dey remain rampant for Sirleaf ein administration insyd; dem sack Information Minister Lawrence Bropleh for 2008 insyd ova allegations dat he steal more dan $200,000 for state funds insyd, while dem dismiss Internal Affairs Minister Ambullai Johnson, wey be Sirleaf ein brother, for 2010 insyd after de disappearance of funds give county development.<ref name=":9">Mahtani, Dino (28 May 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20131118034616/http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/05/28/tarnishing_the_iron_lady_of_africa?page=full "Tarnishing the Iron Lady of Africa"]. Foreign Policy. Archived from [https://foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/05/28/tarnishing_the_iron_lady_of_africa?page=full the original] on 18 November 2013. Retrieved 6 March 2017.</ref><ref>Butty, James (10 December 2010). [https://www.voanews.com/a/butty-liberia-acquittal-react-tah-10december10-111654209/157023.html "Liberian Minister Vows Jury Reform Following Bropleh Corruption Trial"]. Voice of America.</ref> Sirleaf einself acknowledge dat corruption for government insyd dey remain, wey e note dat ein zero tolerance policy be hamper by de need to pass major economic reforms thru de legislature, a goal dat dem go fi impede by significant anti-corruption legislation den prosecutions.<ref name=":9" /> Howeva, Sirleaf reject claims dat she fail to fight corruption, wey e point to de establishment of de Liberian Anti-Corruption Commission den de restructuring of de General Auditing Commission.<ref>Butty, James (27 June 2011). [https://www.voanews.com/a/butty-liberia-us-president-sirleaf-27june11-124579629/158369.html "Liberian President Sirleaf: Country Making Progress, Challenges Remain"]. Voice of America.</ref> Sirleaf dismiss ein entire cabinet from office for 3 November 2010 top, wey e promise to reassemble de cabinet in as short a time as possible.<ref name=":10">[https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/04/world/africa/04liberia.html?ref=liberia "Liberian Leader Dissolves Cabinet"]. The New York Times. 3 November 2010.</ref> She argue dat e take de move to give ein administration a "clean slate" for preparation insyd give de final year of ein term, though critics argue dat dem aim de move to bolster ein chances at reelection wey e confront corruption for ein administration insyd.<ref name=":10" /> By early December 2010, Sirleaf reconstitute ein entire cabinet, wey e replace seven of ein nineteen ministers.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120130011142/http://www.afriqueavenir.org/en/2010/12/06/liberian-president-sirleaf-fully-reconstitutes-cabinet/ "Liberian president Sirleaf fully reconstitutes cabinet"]. Afrique Avenir. 6 December 2010. Archived from [http://www.afriqueavenir.org/en/2010/12/06/liberian-president-sirleaf-fully-reconstitutes-cabinet/ the original] on 30 January 2012.</ref><ref>[https://www.globalpartnership.org/blog/15-women-leading-way-girls-education "15 women leading the way for girls' education"]. www.globalpartnership.org. Retrieved 22 March 2019.</ref> Dem accuse Sirleaf for 2014 insyd of interfering plus a criminal investigation wey dey involve ein stepson Fombah Sirleaf den de security agency.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191111143254/http://gnnliberia.com/2014/11/08/liberia-committee-setup-to-investigate-president-sirleafs-son-on-seizure-of-korean-us247000-00-releases-report-with-recommendations-ordering-refund-of-the-money/ "Committee Setup To Investigate President Sirleaf's Son on Seizure of Korean US$247,000.00 Releases Report With Recommendations; Ordering Refund of the Money"]. GNN Liberia. 8 November 2014. Archived from [http://gnnliberia.com/2014/11/08/liberia-committee-setup-to-investigate-president-sirleafs-son-on-seizure-of-korean-us247000-00-releases-report-with-recommendations-ordering-refund-of-the-money/ the original] on 11 November 2019. Retrieved 21 October 2017.</ref><ref name=":11">[https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/31/world/africa/liberias-ebola-crisis-puts-president-in-harsh-light.html "Liberia's Ebola Crisis Puts President in Harsh Light"]. The New York Times. 30 October 2014.</ref> Ein Minister of Justice Christiana Tah resign for October 2014 insyd, wey e accuse Presido Sirleaf of interference plus de criminal investigation into de illegal seizure of money from Korean businessmen by de NSA for a warrantless hotel raid insyd for July 2014 insyd.<ref name=":11" /> ==== First Cabinet ==== {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="3" |The First Sirleaf Cabinet |- |'''Office''' | align="left" |'''Name''' | align="left" |'''Term''' |- ! colspan="3" | |- |President | align="left" |'''Ellen Johnson Sirleaf''' | align="left" |2006–2012 |- |Vice President | align="left" |'''Joseph Boakai''' | align="left" |2006–2012 |- ! colspan="3" | |- |Minister of Foreign Affairs | align="left" |'''George Wallace''' '''Olubanke King Akerele''' '''Toga McIntosh''' | align="left" |2006–2007 2007–2010 2010–2012 |- |Minister of Finance | align="left" |'''Antoinette Sayeh''' '''Augustine Kpehe Ngafuan''' | align="left" |2006–2008 2008–2012 |- |Minister of Justice and Attorney General | align="left" |'''Frances Johnson-Morris''' '''Philip A. Z. Banks''' '''Christiana Tah''' | align="left" |2006–2007 2007–2009 2009–2012 |- |Minister of National Defense | align="left" |'''Brownie Samukai''' | align="left" |2006–2012 |- |Minister of Internal Affairs | align="left" |'''Ambullai Johnson''' '''Harrison Kahnweah''' | align="left" |2006–2010 2010–2012 |- |Minister of Education | align="left" |'''Joseph Korto''' '''E. Othello Gongar''' | align="left" |2006–2010 2010–2012 |- |Minister of Posts and Telecommunications | align="left" |'''Jackson E. Doe''' '''Jeremiah Sulunteh''' '''Frederick B. Norkeh''' | align="left" |2006–2008 2008–2010 2010–2012 |- |Minister of Public Works | align="left" |'''Willis Knuckles''' '''Luseni Donzo''' '''Samuel Kofi Woods''' | align="left" |2006 2007–2009 2009–2012 |- |Minister of Agriculture | align="left" |'''Christopher Toe''' '''Florence Chenoweth''' | align="left" |2006–2009 2009–2012 |- |Minister of Health and Social Welfare | align="left" |'''Walter Gwenigale''' | align="left" |2006–2012 |- |Minister of Information, Culture and Tourism | align="left" |'''Johnny McClain''' '''Lawrence Bropleh''' | align="left" |2006 2006–2009 |- |Minister of Planning and Economic Affairs | align="left" |'''Toga McIntosh''' '''Amara Mohamed Konneh''' | align="left" |2006–2008 2008–2012 |- |Minister of Lands, Mines and Energy | align="left" |'''Eugene Shannon''' '''Roosevelt Jayjay''' | align="left" |2006–2010 2010–2012 |- |Minister of Commerce and Industry | align="left" |'''Olubanke King Akerele''' '''Frances Johnson-Morris''' '''Miatta Beysolow''' | align="left" |2006–2007 2007–2008 2008–2012 |- |Minister of Gender, Children and Social Protection | align="left" |'''Vabah Gayflor''' | align="left" |2006–2012 |- |Minister of Labor | align="left" |'''Samuel Kofi Woods''' '''Tiawon Gongloe''' '''Vabah Gayflor''' | align="left" |2006–2009 2009–2010 2010–2012 |- |Minister of Youth and Sports | align="left" |'''Jamesetta Howard Wolokollie''' '''Etmonia Tarpeh''' | align="left" |2006–2007 2007–2012 |- |Minister of Transport | align="left" |'''Jeremiah Sulunteh''' '''Jackson E. Doe''' '''Alphonso Gaye''' '''Willard Russell''' | align="left" |2006–2008 2008–2009 2009–2010 2010–2012 |- |Minister of State for Presidential Affairs | align="left" |'''Morris Dukuly''' '''Willis Knuckles''' '''Edward B. McClain Jr.''' | align="left" |2006 2006–2007 2007–2012 |} ==== Second Cabinet ==== {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="3" |The Second Sirleaf Cabinet |- |'''Office''' | align="left" |'''Name''' | align="left" |'''Term''' |- ! colspan="3" | |- |President | align="left" |'''Ellen Johnson Sirleaf''' | align="left" |2012–2018 |- |Vice President | align="left" |'''Joseph Boakai''' | align="left" |2012–2018 |- ! colspan="3" | |- |Minister of Foreign Affairs | align="left" |'''Augustine Kpehe Ngafuan''' '''Marjon Kamara''' | align="left" |2012–2015 2015–2018 |- |Minister of Finance | align="left" |'''Amara Mohamed Konneh''' '''Boima Kamara''' | align="left" |2012–2016 2016–2018 |- |Minister of Justice and Attorney General | align="left" |'''Christiana Tah''' '''Benedict F. Sannoh''' '''Frederick Cherue''' | align="left" |2012–2014 2014–2016 2016–2018 |- |Minister of National Defense | align="left" |'''Brownie Samukai''' | align="left" |2012–2018 |- |Minister of Internal Affairs | align="left" |'''Blamo Nelson''' '''Morris Dukuly''' '''Henrique Tokpa''' | align="left" |2012–2013 2013–2015 2015–2018 |- |Minister of Education | align="left" |'''Etmonia David Tarpeh''' '''George Werner''' | align="left" |2012–2015 2015–2018 |- |Minister of Posts and Telecommunications | align="left" |'''Frederick B. Norkeh''' | align="left" |2012–2018 |- |Minister of Public Works | align="left" |'''Samuel Kofi Woods''' '''Antoinette Weeks''' '''Gyude Moore''' | align="left" |2012–2013 2013–2014 2014–2018 |- |Minister of Agriculture | align="left" |'''Florence Chenoweth''' '''Moses Zinnah''' | align="left" |2012–2014 2014–2018 |- |Minister of Health and Social Welfare | align="left" |'''Walter Gwenigale''' '''Bernice Dahn''' | align="left" |2012–2015 2015–2018 |- |Minister of Information, Culture and Tourism | align="left" |'''Lewis Brown''' '''Lenn Eugene Nagbe''' | align="left" |2012–2016 2016–2018 |- |Minister of Lands, Mines and Energy | align="left" |'''Patrick Sendolo''' | align="left" |2002–2018 |- |Minister of Commerce and Industry | align="left" |'''Miatta Beysolow''' '''Axel Addy''' | align="left" |2012–2013 2013–2018 |- |Minister of Gender, Children and Social Protection | align="left" |'''Julia Duncan-Cassell''' | align="left" |2012–2018 |- |Minister of Labor | align="left" |'''Juah Lawson''' '''Neto Z. Lighe''' | align="left" |2012–2014 2014–2018 |- |Minister of Youth and Sports | align="left" |'''Tornorlah Vapilah''' '''Lenn Eugene Nagbe''' '''Saah N'tow''' | align="left" |2012–2013 2013–2016 2016–2018 |- |Minister of Transport | align="left" |'''Lenn Eugene Nagbe''' '''Angela Cassell Bush''' | align="left" |2012–2013 2013–2018 |- |Minister of State for Presidential Affairs | align="left" |'''Edward B. McClain Jr.''' | align="left" |2012–2016 |} ==== Judicial appointments ==== Upon de inauguration of Sirleaf, de entire Supreme Court bench, wey dem select as part of de transitional government for 2003 insyd, step down, wey e leave Sirleaf to fill all five seats for de Court top. Sirleaf nominate Johnnie Lewis, a Yale Law School graduate den former Circuit Court judge, give de office of Chief Justice.<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/200602130684.html "Johnny Lewis Named Chief Justice Frances Johnson Morris is Justice Minister"]. allAfrica.com. 13 February 2006.</ref> Lewis den three of Sirleaf ein Associate Justice nominees, J. Emmanuel Wureh, Francis Korkpor den Gladys Johnson, de Senate confirm dem for 2 March 2006 top.<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/200603030541.html "Pres. Sirleaf Commissions Chief Justice, Associate"]. allAfrica.com. 3 March 2011.</ref> Sirleaf ein nomination of Kabineh Ja'neh, a former leader for de rebel LURD movement, as Associate Justice receive criticism from de opposition Congress give Democratic Change sekof concerns ova Ja'neh ein human rights record during de civil war, den dem no confirm Ja'neh until 9 May.<ref name=":12" /><ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/200605100244.html "Senate Finally Confirms Ja'neh to Supreme Court"]. allAfrica.com. 10 May 2006.</ref> Following de death of Justice Wureh for July 2006 insyd, Sirleaf nominate Christiana Tah, a deputy minister at de Justice Ministry, to fill ein seat.<ref name=":13">[http://frontpageafricaonline.blogspot.com/2011/04/void-on-bench.html "Void on the Bench"]. FrontPageAfrica. 3 April 2011.</ref> Howeva, de Senate later reject Tah ein nomination, wey e lead Sirleaf to nominate ein Minister of Youth den Sports, Jamesetta Howard Wolokollie, wey dem confirm.<ref name=":13" /> Justice Johnson retire from de Court on 26 March 2011 after e reach de constitutionally mandated retirement age of seventy.<ref name=":13" /> Sirleaf nominate Phillip A. Z. Banks, ein former Minister of Justice den Chairman of de Law Reform Commission, to replace Johnson for August 2011 insyd.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120125094346/http://emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1961 "Cllr. Philip Banks Nominated as Associate Justice of Supreme Court"]. The Executive Mansion. 9 August 2011. Archived from [http://emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1961 the original] on 25 January 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2011.</ref> De Senate confirm Banks for 20 August 2011 top.<ref>Nyenur, Tom B. (21 August 2011). [http://frontpageafricaonline.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1062:amid-controversy-senate-confirms-banks-as-associate-justice&catid=42:politics&Itemid=134 "Amid Controversy – Senate Confirms Banks As Associate Justice"]. FrontPageAfrica. Retrieved 21 August 2011.</ref> ==== International image ==== Forbes magazine name Sirleaf as de 51st most powerful woman for de world insyd for 2006 insyd.<ref>Serafin, Tatiana (31 August 2006). [https://www.forbes.com/lists/2006/11/06women_Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf_BMW8.html "The 100 Most Powerful Women: Ellen Johnson Sirleaf"]. Forbes.</ref> For 2010 insyd, Newsweek list am as one of de ten best leaders for de world insyd, while Time count am among de top ten female leaders.<ref>McLure, Jason (16 August 2010). [http://www.newsweek.com/2010/08/16/go-to-the-head-of-the-class/the-rebuilder-ellen-johnson-sirleaf.html "The Rebuilder: Ellen Johnson Sirleaf"]. Newsweek.</ref><ref>Adams, William Lee (7 September 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100825070849/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2005455_2005458_2005482,00.html "Top 10 Female Leaders"]. Time. Archived from [http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2005455_2005458_2005482,00.html the original] on 25 August 2010.</ref> Dat same year, De Economist bell am "arguably de best presido de country eva get."<ref>[https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2010/05/20/another-round-for-africas-iron-lady "Another Round for Africa's Iron Lady"]. The Economist. 22 May 2010.</ref> For 2010 insyd, Sirleaf release ein first book, ''This Child Will Be Great: Memoir of a Remarkable Life by Africa's First Woman President''.<ref>Cooper, Helene (15 May 2009). [https://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/17/books/review/Cooper-t.html "Madame President"]. The New York Times. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]. Retrieved 1 April 2020.</ref> For November 2017 insyd, an investigation wey de International Consortium of Investigative Journalism conduct am cite Sirleaf among de list of politicians dem name for "Paradise Papers" allegations insyd.<ref>[https://www.icij.org/investigations/paradise-papers/explore-politicians-paradise-papers/ "Explore The Politicians in the Paradise Papers"]. ICIJ. Retrieved 6 December 2017.</ref> == Ellen Johnson Sirleaf den de West African Ebola outbreak (2014–2016) == During de West African Ebola outbreak between 2014 den 2016, de Presido of Liberia, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, play a central role in managing de crisis. Liberia be one of de most affected countries, along plus Sierra Leone den Guinea, wey e record thousands of cases den deaths. For August 2014 insyd, Johnson Sirleaf declare a national state of emergency, wey e implement measures wey dey include border closures, restrictions for movement top, den quarantines for highly affected areas insyd to contain de spread of de virus.<ref>[https://www.who.int/news-room/spotlight/one-year-into-the-ebola-epidemic/key-events-in-the-who-response-to-the-ebola-outbreak WHO – Key events in the WHO response to the Ebola outbreak 2014–2016]</ref> Domestically, ein government push give de creation of a national incident management system to coordinate de response between de Ministry of Health, United Nations agencies, den non-governmental organizations. She sanso establish de Presidential Advisory Committee for Ebola top, task plus dey oversee strategic actions den dey ensure coherence for de work of partners insyd for de ground top.<ref>[https://case.hks.harvard.edu/managing-a-security-response-to-the-ebola-epidemic-in-liberia-a/ Harvard Kennedy School – Managing a Security Response to the Ebola Epidemic in Liberia]</ref> Dem structures strengthen de state ein capacity to centralize information den prioritize resources for context of widespread public distrust insyd toward de health system. At de international level, Johnson Sirleaf becam one of de most prominent voices drawing attention to de magnitude of de crisis. She formally request assistance from de United States, wey facilitate de U.S. military intervention to build treatment centers den provide logistical support.<ref>[https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/speech/2014/12/02/transcript-press-conference-world-bank-group-president-jim-yong-kim-liberia-sirleaf-johnson World Bank – Press conference transcript: World Bank Group President Jim Yong Kim and Ellen Johnson Sirleaf (2014)]</ref> Ein leadership sanso contribute to de United Nations ein decision to establish de United Nations Mission give Ebola Emergency Response (UNMEER), de first-ever UN health mission create specifically to tackle an epidemic.<ref>[https://ebolaresponse.un.org/un-mission-for-ebola-emergency-response UNMEER – Mission Background]</ref> Johnson Sirleaf ein management, though initially criticize give delays den difficulties for implementing quarantines insyd, dem later recognize give ein ability to mobilize resources den elevate Ebola onto de global health security agenda. After de official end of de outbreak for 2016 insyd, she advocate give dey strengthen African health systems den dey improve preparedness give future pandemics, wey e stress de importance of learning from de lessons of Ebola.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250821092211/https://time.com/4440771/liberian-president-ebola-recovery/ Time – Liberian President: How We Beat Ebola—and What We Learned (2016)]</ref> == Life after politics == [[File:Mia Mottley & Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf (2022).jpg|thumb|Ellen Johnson Sirleaf plus Mia Mottley, Prime Minister of Barbados, for 2022 insyd]] For 2018 insyd, Sirleaf found de Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Presidential Center give Women den Development, wey e aim "to be a catalyst for change across Africa, by helping unleash its most abundant untapped power – its women".<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250610055328/https://allafrica.com/view/group/main/main/id/00072449.html "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Launches Women's Center as Change Catalyst"]. AllAfrica.com. 19 March 2020. Retrieved 30 January 2021.</ref> For 2019 insyd, dem charge ein son, Charles Sirleaf, plus economic sabotage thru de unlawful printing of local currency to de value of US$75 million. Investigative auditing firm Kroll carry out de investigation.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-47450217 "Sirleaf son charged over Liberia banknotes"]. BBC News. 5 March 2019. Retrieved 4 August 2020.</ref> For 2019 insyd, Director-General of de World Health Organization Tedros Adhanom appoint Sirleaf as de WHO Goodwill Ambassador give de health workforce.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200715054041/https://www.who.int/hrh/news/2019/EJS_good-will-ambassador-hwf/en/ Her Excellency Ellen Johnson Sirleaf appointed as WHO Goodwill Ambassador for Health Workforce] World Health Organization, press release of 20 May 2019.</ref> Amid de COVID-19 pandemic for 2020 insyd, she step down from dis post to serve as co-chair (alongside Helen Clark) of de WHO ein ''Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response'' (IPPR).<ref>[WHO chief taps ex-leaders to head COVID-19 response panel] [[:en:Associated_Press|Associated Press]], 9 July 2020.</ref><ref>John Miller (9 July 2020), [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-who-panel/veteran-female-leaders-to-head-who-covid-19-review-amid-anti-globalism-barbs-idUSKBN24A2U3 Veteran female leaders to head WHO COVID-19 review amid anti-globalism barbs] [[:en:Reuters|Reuters]].</ref> Sanso for 2020 insyd, dem appoint am to de Development Advisory Council of de U.S. International Development Finance Corporation.<ref>[https://www.dfc.gov/who-we-are/development-advisory-council Development Advisory Council] [[:en:U.S._International_Development_Finance_Corporation|U.S. International Development Finance Corporation]].</ref> In addition, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf dey hold a number of paid den unpaid positions, wey dey include de following: * Africa Europe Foundation (AEF), Member of de High-Level Group of Personalities for Africa-Europe Relations top (since 2020)<ref>[https://www.friendsofeurope.org/initiatives/eu-africa-high-level-group/ High-Level Group of Personalities on Africa-Europe Relations] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220411085150/https://www.friendsofeurope.org/initiatives/eu-africa-high-level-group/ Archived] 11 April 2022 at the [[Wayback Machine]] Africa Europe Foundation (AEF).</ref> * Brenthurst Foundation, Member of de Advisory Board<ref>[https://www.thebrenthurstfoundation.org/about/team-advisors/ Advisory Board] [[:en:Brenthurst_Foundation|Brenthurst Foundation]].</ref> * Mastercard Foundation, Member of de Board of Directors (since 2020)<ref>[https://mastercardfdn.org/foundation/team/?fwp_roles=board Our Leadership: Board] [[:en:Mastercard_Foundation|Mastercard Foundation]].</ref> == Ein life matter == For 1956 insyd, Ellen Johnson marry James Sirleaf. Dem get four sons togeda before demma divorce.<ref name=":14" /> She grow up as a Presbyterian, but later join ein husband ein Methodist faith.<ref>"[http://thenewslib.com/news/564-gov-t-rejects-newspaper-story Gov't Rejects Newspaper Story] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140512221442/http://thenewslib.com/news/564-gov-t-rejects-newspaper-story Archived] 12 May 2014 at the [[Wayback Machine]]". The News 7 May 2014. Retrieved 2014-05-09.</ref> Thru ein sons, she get ten grandchildren. While e attend college for de United States insyd, Sirleaf becam a member of de Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority, den she be honorary member of de Links, Incorporated. She be de aunt to American actress/comic Retta (born Marietta Sirleaf),<ref>[https://www.peacocktv.com/stream-tv/parks-and-recreation "Watch Parks and Recreation Streaming | Peacock"]. @peacocktv.</ref> best known give ein role as Donna Meagle for de NBC comedy Parks den Recreation top.<ref>Ford, Rebecca (7 October 2011). [http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/parks-recreation-nobel-peace-prize-245753 "'Parks and Recreation' Has a Nobel Peace Prize Connection"]. [[:en:The_Hollywood_Reporter|The Hollywood Reporter]].</ref> Several of ein kiddies serve for de Liberian government insyd. Ein son Robert Sirleaf serve as head of de National Oil Company of Liberia, Charles Sirleaf dey hold a senior position at de Central Bank of Liberia, den stepson Fombah Sirleaf dey head de Liberian National Security Agency, plus responsibility give internal security. Oda members of de Sirleaf family dey serve for oda positions insyd for government insyd.<ref>[http://frontpageafricaonline.com/index.php/politics/391-mixed-reactions-over-president-sirleaf-s-claim-of-family-not-wealthyh "Mixed reactions over President Sirleaf's claim of family not wealthy"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20160708141337/http://frontpageafricaonline.com/index.php/politics/391-mixed-reactions-over-president-sirleaf-s-claim-of-family-not-wealthy Archived] 8 July 2016 at the [[Wayback Machine]], 2016.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611124703/http://www.frontpageafricaonline.com/index.php/news/1038-richard-tolbert-indicted-sirleaf-saytumah-kupee-fate-undecided "Richard Tolbert Indicted: Sirleaf, Saytumah, Kupee Fate Undecided"]. Archived from [http://www.frontpageafricaonline.com/index.php/news/1038-richard-tolbert-indicted-sirleaf-saytumah-kupee-fate-undecided the original] on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2018.</ref> For December 2021 insyd, James Sirleaf, one of de sons of Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, die for ein residence insyd for Liberia insyd under unknown circumstances. He be 64.<ref>[https://analystliberiaonline.com/outpour-of-sympathies-over-jes-passing-avalanche-of-tributes-in-honor-of-fallen-james-sirleaf/#google_vignette "Outpour of sympathies Over JES' Passing--Avalanche of Tributes In Honor Of Fallen James Sirleaf"]. The Analyst News. 30 December 2021. Retrieved 14 November 2025.</ref> For June 2024 insyd, Charles E. Sirleaf, anoda of Ellen Johnson Sirleaf ein four sons, die after a brief illness. He be 68. Both men follow demma mommie for politics den government work insyd den be public servants give much of demma careers.<ref>[https://www.liberianobserver.com/news/former-cbl-deputy-governor-charles-sirleaf-is-dead/article_b5c59a4e-2247-11ef-abaf-d342624ab2a4.html "FORMER LIBERIAN PRESIDENT ELLEN JOHNSON SIRLEAF'S SON FOUND DEAD"]. The Liberian Daily Observer. 4 June 2024. Retrieved 14 November 2025.</ref> == Honors den awards == [[File:Ellen_Johnson_statue_(cropped).jpg|thumb|A statue of Sirleaf unveiled insyd Owerri ein Ikemba Ojukwu Square (Imo state, [[Nigeria]]) insyd 2017]] * Ralph Bunche International Leadership Award * Chief of Order of de Golden Heart of Kenya * Grand commander Star of Africa Redemption of Liberia * 1988: Recipient of de 1988 Roosevelt Institute Freedom of Speech Award<ref>{{cite web |title=Recipients of the Four Freedoms Award |url=http://merchant.videotex.net/common/news/reports/detail.cfm?QID=6330&ClientID=11005&topicID=232&classification=report |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110821192903/http://merchant.videotex.net/common/news/reports/detail.cfm?QID=6330&ClientID=11005&topicID=232&classification=report |archive-date=21 August 2011 |access-date=14 December 2010 |publisher=[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] |df=dmy-all}}</ref> * 1996: Commander of de Order of Mono<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ellen Johnson Sirleaf - |url=https://awpc.cattcenter.iastate.edu/directory/ellen-johnson-sirleaf/ |access-date=2020-05-16 |website=Archives of Women's Political Communication |language=en}}</ref> * 2006: Common Ground Award recipient, Search for Common Ground<ref>{{cite web |title=Common Ground Awards 2006 |url=http://www.sfcg.org/sfcg/awards/2006gallery.html |access-date=14 December 2010 |publisher=Search for Common Ground}}</ref> * 2006: Laureate of de Africa Prize for Leadership for de Sustainable End of Hunger, The Hunger Project<ref>{{cite web |year=2006 |title=President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf: 2006 Africa Prize Laureate |url=http://www.africaprize.org/06/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080326180439/http://africaprize.org/06/ |archive-date=26 March 2008 |access-date=14 December 2010 |publisher=[[The Hunger Project]]}}</ref> * 2006: Distinguished Fellow, Claus M. Halle Institute for Global Learning, Emory University<ref>{{cite web |title=Ellen Johnson Sirleaf: Halle Distinguished Fellow, September 12, 2006 |url=http://halleinstitute.emory.edu/distinguished_fellows/sirleaf.html |access-date=14 December 2010 |publisher=[[Emory University]]}}</ref> * 2006 dem award am Honorary Doctor of Laws from Marquette University<ref>{{cite web |date=23 October 2006 |title=Honorary Degree Recipient: Her Excellency Ellen Johnson Sirleaf |url=http://www.marquette.edu/universityhonors/honors_sirleaf.shtml |access-date=14 December 2010 |publisher=[[Marquette University]]}}</ref> * 2006: David Rockefeller Bridging Leadership Award from Synergos<ref>{{cite web |date=12 October 2006 |title=2006 David Rockefeller Bridging Leadership Award Honorees |url=http://www.synergos.org/universityforanight/06/honorees.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111213171535/http://synergos.org/universityforanight/06/honorees.htm |archive-date=13 December 2011 |publisher=Synergos |df=dmy-all}}</ref> * 2007: Presidential Medal of Freedom, de highest civilian award wey de United States dey give, U.S. President George W. Bush award to Sirleaf on 5 November 2007<ref>{{cite press release|publisher=White House Office of the Press Secretary|url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2007/10/20071029.html|title=President Bush Announces Recipients of Presidential Medal of Freedom|date=29 October 2007}}</ref> * 2008: Golden Plate Award of de American Academy of Achievement<ref>{{cite web |title=Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement |url=https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/#public-service |website=www.achievement.org |publisher=[[American Academy of Achievement]]}}</ref> * 2008: dem award am Honorary Doctor of Laws degree from Indiana University,<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://newsinfo.iu.edu/news/page/normal/7887.html|title=Liberian president receiving honorary degree at IU Bloomington commencement|publisher=[[Indiana University]]|date=8 April 2010|access-date=5 May 2008|archive-date=27 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927085944/http://newsinfo.iu.edu/news/page/normal/7887.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Dartmouth College;<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://www.dartmouth.edu/~news/releases/2008/04/22h.html|title=Dartmouth 2008 Honorary Degree Recipient Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf (Doctor of Laws)|publisher=[[Dartmouth College]]|access-date=19 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130916222608/http://www.dartmouth.edu/~news/releases/2008/04/22h.html|archive-date=16 September 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> den Brown University.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://news.brown.edu/pressreleases/2008/09/sirleaf|title=Liberian President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf to Receive Honorary Degree|publisher=[[Brown University]]|date=8 September 2009}}</ref> * 2009: dem award am de EITI Award for "the rapid progress the country has made towards implementation of the EITI"<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200902180838.html|title=Eiti Awards Government for Progress, As President Sirleaf Returns Home|publisher=[[AllAfrica.com]]|date=18 February 2009}}</ref> * 2009: dem award am Honorary Doctor of Humane Letters degree from de University of Tampa<ref>{{cite web |date=7 October 2011 |title=UT Honorary Doctorate Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Named Nobel Peace Prize Recipient |url=http://www.ut.edu/Honorary-Doctorate-Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf-Named-Nobel-Peace-Prize-Recipient.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111017235634/http://www.ut.edu/Honorary-Doctorate-Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf-Named-Nobel-Peace-Prize-Recipient.aspx |archive-date=17 October 2011 |access-date=7 October 2011 |publisher=The University of Tampa}}</ref> * 2010: dem award am Honorary Doctor of Laws degree from Yale University<ref>{{cite news|first=Esther|last=Zuckerman|url=http://www.yaledailynews.com/crosscampus/2010/05/23/liberian-president-receive-honorary-degree/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20110606170654/http://www.yaledailynews.com/crosscampus/2010/05/23/liberian-president-receive-honorary-degree/|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 June 2011|title=Liberian president to receive honorary degree|work=[[Yale Daily News]]|date=23 May 2010}}</ref> den Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey<ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=2010 Commencement/Convocations |url=http://commencement.rutgers.edu/honorarybio.shtml/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100701071217/http://commencement.rutgers.edu/honorarybio.shtml |archive-date=1 July 2010 |publisher=[[Rutgers University]] |df=dmy}}</ref> * 2010: Friend of the Media in Africa Award from The African Editor's Union<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1686|title=President Sirleaf Receives African Editors Honor|publisher=The Executive Mansion|location=Monrovia|date=18 October 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101122185835/http://emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1686|archive-date=22 November 2010|df=dmy}}</ref> * 2011: dem award am Honorary Doctor of Laws degree from Harvard University<ref>[http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2011/05/harvard-to-award-nine-honorary-degrees/ "Harvard awards 9 honorary degrees"], ''Harvard Gazette'', 26 May 2011.</ref> * 2011: African Gender Award<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1919|title='You Have Brought Honor to All African Women,' Senegal's Wade Says|publisher=The Executive Mansion|location=Monrovia|date=18 June 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110705052138/http://www.emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1919|archive-date=5 July 2011|df=dmy}}</ref> * 2011: [[Nobel Peace Prize]] * 2012: Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace, Disarmament and Development * 2014: dem list am as de 70th most powerful woman insyd de world by ''Forbes''. * 2017: dem award am a title insyd de Nigerian chieftaincy system by Eze Samuel Ohiri of Imo, Nigeria. As a result, she now be de '''Ada di Ohanma''' of Igboland.<ref>{{cite web |title=Photos: Okorocha honours Ellen Johnson Sirleaf with chieftaincy title, Ada di Ohanma of Igboland |url=https://www.juliablaise.com/2017/11/photos-okorocha-honours-ellen-johnson.html?m=1 |access-date=December 31, 2020 |website=juliablaise.com}}</ref> * 2017: dem recognize am as one of de BBC's 100 Women of 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2017-09-27|title=BBC 100 Women 2017: Who is on the list?|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-41380265|access-date=2022-12-17}}</ref> * 2018: she win de 2017 version of de Ibrahim Prize for Achievement in African Leadership<ref>{{cite web |date=12 February 2018 |title=Ellen Johnson Sirleaf wins 2017 Ibrahim Prize for Achievement in African Leadership |url=http://mo.ibrahim.foundation/news/2018/ellen-johnson-sirleaf-wins-2017-ibrahim-prize-achievement-african-leadership/ |access-date=12 February 2018 |publisher=Mo Ibrahim Foundation}}</ref> * 2019: Insyd 2019, ''Time'' create 89 new covers to celebrate women of de year wey dey start from 1920; e choose am for 2006<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://time.com/100-women-of-the-year/|title=100 Women of the Year|magazine=Time|date=March 5, 2020|access-date=March 21, 2021|archive-date=December 23, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223082517/https://time.com/100-women-of-the-year/|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Published works== * {{Cite report |title=The Outlook for Commercial Bank Lending to Sub-Saharan Africa |url=https://ideas.repec.org/p/wbk/wbrwps/720.html |last=Johnson Sirleaf |first=Ellen |author2=Nyirjesy, Francis |year=1991 |publisher=[[World Bank]] |access-date=14 December 2010 }} * {{cite book |last=Johnson Sirleaf | first=Ellen | editor-first=Kevin| editor-last=Cahill |title=A Framework for Survival: Health, Human Rights, and Humanitarian Assistance in Conflicts and Disasters |url=https://archive.org/details/frameworkforsurv0001unse |location=New York |publisher=[[Routledge]] |year=1999 |chapter=From Disaster to Development |isbn=978-0-415-92235-7}} * {{cite book |last1=Johnson Sirleaf | first1=Ellen| last2=Rehn| first2=Elizabeth|title=Women, War and Peace: The Independent Experts' Assessment on the Impact of Armed Conflict on Women and Women's Role in Peace-building |url=https://archive.org/details/womenwarpeaceind0000rehn | location=New York |publisher=[[UNIFEM]] |year=2002 |isbn=0-912917-66-0}} * {{cite book |last=Johnson Sirleaf |first=Ellen |editor-first=Nikki |editor-last=Van Der Gaag |title=Because I am a Girl: In the Shadow of War |location=Woking |publisher=Plan UK |year=2009 |chapter=Foreword |pages=[https://archive.org/details/becauseiamgirlst0000unse/page/10 10–11] |isbn=978-0-9550479-4-7 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/becauseiamgirlst0000unse/page/10 }} == References == <references /> ==External links== {{sister project links||d=Q43179|c=Category:Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf|n=Category:Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * [http://www.emansion.gov.lr/ Liberia Executive Mansion] official government website * [https://web.archive.org/web/20111221134302/http://www.aka1908.com/news/130-alpha-kappa-alpha-sorority-salutes-member-ellen-johnson-sirleaf-on-winning-the-nobel-peace-prize.html "Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority salutes member Ellen Johnson Sirleaf".] * [http://www.emansion.gov.lr/ Biography] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090729171837/https://www.trcofliberia.org/ Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Liberia] includes final report * [https://www.forbes.com/profile/ellen-johnson-sirleaf/ Ellen Johnson Sirleaf] collected news and commentary at ''[[Forbes]]'' * [https://twitter.com/MaEllenSirleaf?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor Ellen Johnson Sirleaf on Twitter (X)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230211155722/https://live.worldbank.org/experts/ellen-johnson-sirleaf Ellen Johnson Sirleaf | World Bank Live] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230211155722/https://live.worldbank.org/experts/ellen-johnson-sirleaf |date=11 February 2023 }} '''Speeches''' * [https://web.archive.org/web/20180623171644/https://awpc.cattcenter.iastate.edu/2017/03/21/speech-to-the-u-s-congress-march-15-2006/ Address to US Congress in Joint Session 15 March 2006 (audio archive available)]** {{cite web |title=Speech to the U.S. Congress - March 15, 2006 - Ellen Johnson Sirleaf |url=https://awpc.cattcenter.iastate.edu/2017/03/21/speech-to-the-u-s-congress-march-15-2006/ |website=awpc.cattcenter.iastate.edu |publisher=[[Iowa State University]] |access-date=25 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623171644/https://awpc.cattcenter.iastate.edu/2017/03/21/speech-to-the-u-s-congress-march-15-2006/ |archive-date= 23 June 2018}} ** {{cite web |title=MARCH 15, 2006 Liberian President Address |url=https://www.c-span.org/program/joint-session-of-congress/liberian-president-address/155403 |website=c-span.org |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] |access-date=25 January 2025}} (Includes video of the address) ** {{cite web |title=Liberian President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Addresses U.S. Congress|url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/ei/pix/b/63384.htm |website=2001-2009.state.gov |publisher=[[United States Department of State|U.S. Department of State]] |access-date=25 January 2025}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060321185639/http://www.usip.org/events/2006/0321_liberia.html Sirleaf Speaks at U.S. Institute of Peace (audio archive available)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070117071058/http://explore.georgetown.edu/news/?ID=19235 Liberian President Speaks to Georgetown Community], 17 October 2006 '''Profiles den interviews''' * [https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/world/africa/4395978.stm "Profile: Liberia's 'Iron Lady'"] on [[BBC News Online]], 23 November 2005 * [http://newsghana.com.gh/?p=846166 "Who Is President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf?"] on [[News Ghana]], 1 November 2015 * [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/mar/08/ellen-johnson-sirleaf-100-women Top 100 Women in Politics: Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf], Ermine Saner, ''[[The Guardian]]'', 8 March 2011 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200704160910/http://www.cc.com/video-clips/3ao1g7/the-daily-show-with-jon-stewart-ellen-johnson-sirleaf Ellen Johnson Sirleaf on The Daily Show with Jon Stewart]** {{Cite web | url = http://www.cc.com/video-clips/3ao1g7/the-daily-show-with-jon-stewart-ellen-johnson-sirleaf | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200704160910/http://www.cc.com/video-clips/3ao1g7/the-daily-show-with-jon-stewart-ellen-johnson-sirleaf | url-status = dead | archive-date = 4 July 2020 | title = Ellen Johnson Sirleaf | date = 21 April 2009 | access-date =7 October 2011 | publisher=The Daily Show with Jon Stewart}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210227182610/http://www.freedomcollection.org/interviews/ellen_johnson_sirleaf/ Ellen Johnson Sirleaf interview] at the ''Freedom Collection'' ** {{Webarchive|title=Freedom Collection interview|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227182610/http://www.freedomcollection.org/interviews/ellen_johnson_sirleaf/ |archive-date=27 February 2021 }} * [https://www.who.int/news-room/spotlight/one-year-into-the-ebola-epidemic/key-events-in-the-who-response-to-the-ebola-outbreak WHO timeline of the Ebola outbreak 2014–2016] * [https://ebolaresponse.un.org/ Official page of UNMEER – United Nations Mission for Ebola Emergency Response] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250821092211/https://time.com/4440771/liberian-president-ebola-recovery/ Time Magazine article: *How We Beat Ebola—and What We Learned*] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sirleaf, Ellen Johnson}} [[Category:1938 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:21st-century Liberian politicians]] [[Category:African women insyd war]] [[Category:Madison Business College alumni]] [[Category:Harvard Kennedy School alumni]] [[Category:Liberian expatriates insyd de United States]] [[Category:Liberian Nobel laureates]] [[Category:Liberian people of German descent]] [[Category:Liberian people of Gola descent]] [[Category:Liberian people of Kru descent]] [[Category:Liberian United Methodists]] [[Category:21st-century Liberian women politicians]] [[Category:Liberian people]] [[Category:Nobel Peace Prize laureates]] [[Category:Politicians wey komot Monrovia]] [[Category:Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients]] [[Category:Presidents of Liberia]] [[Category:Unity Party (Liberia) politicians]] [[Category:William Tolbert administration cabinet members]] [[Category:Women insyd 21st-century warfare]] [[Category:Women Nobel laureates]] [[Category:Women presidents insyd Africa]] [[Category:Ministers of finance of Liberia]] [[Category:Female finance ministers]] [[Category:College of West Africa alumni]] [[Category:People dem name insyd de Paradise Papers]] [[Category:Converts to Methodism]] [[Category:First women presidents]] [[Category:21st-century women presidents]] [[Category:The Elders (organization)]] [[Category:Members of The Links]] [[Category:Commanders of de Order of Mono]] mx6psehgdeeoldv1twswmkbqnqjiguq 0 29148 109032 108989 2026-08-04T16:57:22Z DaSupremo 9 /* Honours */ Improve article 109032 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Futbol Club Barcelona Femení''', dem commonly refer to as '''Barça Femení''' ((Catalan pronunciation: &#x5B;ˈbaɾsə fəməˈni&#x5D;)<ref>{{cite web |date=29 May 2022 |title=El Barça Femení es proclama campió de la Copa de la Reina enderrocant l'Sporting de Huelva (6–1) |url=https://www.elnacional.cat/ca/esports/barca-femeni-campio-copa-reina-enderrocant-sporting-huelva-6-1_764826_102.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826033107/https://www.elnacional.cat/ca/esports/barca-femeni-campio-copa-reina-enderrocant-sporting-huelva-6-1_764826_102.html |archive-date=26 August 2022 |access-date=26 August 2022 |publisher=El Nacional |language=ca}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=30 March 2022 |title=El Barça Femení goleja al Madrid i fa història amb el rècord mundial d'assistència de públic |url=https://www.publico.es/public/barca-femeni-goleja-madrid-i-fa-historia-amb-record-mundial-d-assistencia-public.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826033109/https://www.publico.es/public/barca-femeni-goleja-madrid-i-fa-historia-amb-record-mundial-d-assistencia-public.html |archive-date=26 August 2022 |access-date=26 August 2022 |publisher=Público.es |language=ca}}</ref> anaa simply '''Barça''', be a Spanish professional women's football team wey base insyd Barcelona, Catalonia. E be de women's football section of FC Barcelona den dey compete insyd de Liga F, de top tier of Spanish women's football, wey dey play home games at de Johan Cruyff Stadium insyd Sant Joan Despí, den occasionally at de Camp Nou anaa Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys. Dem form de club insyd 1970 plus sam financial den logistical support from FC Barcelona, buh widout e be an official section. Insyd ein inaugural season e compete insyd matches against oda Catalan teams; na originally be known as '''Selecció Ciutat de Barcelona''' before e take de name '''Peña Femenina Barcelonista''' insyd 1971. Shortly after dem officially recognize women's football insyd Spain, de team cam be known as '''Club Femení Barcelona''' insyd 1983 til 2002, wen e officially cam be a section of FC Barcelona wey e take de official name Futbol Club Barcelona. Domestically, Barcelona Femení be de most successful Spanish women's team, plus eleven league titles, twelve Copas de la Reina, den six Supercopas, as well as eleven Copas Catalunyas. E sanso win de previous second tier of Spanish women's football a record four times after e battle relegation den fighting for promotion thru out de 2000s. Since de club ein professionalisation insyd 2015, Barcelona cement einself as Spain ein dominant women's football team, wey e cam be de league ein most successful team insyd de UEFA Women's Champions League, den one of de most successful women's football teams insyd Europe. E win de Champions League insyd 2021, 2023, 2024 den 2026; plus ein first Champions League title, Barcelona cam be de first (den only) Spanish women's team to complete a continental treble, den plus ein third Champions League win, dem cam be de first (den only) Spanish women's team to complete a continental quadruple.<ref name=":19">{{Cite web |last=Rodergas |first=Clara |date=26 May 2024 |title=Històriques i eternes |url=https://www.lesportiudecatalunya.cat/barca/article/2421868-historiques-i-eternes.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526001615/https://www.lesportiudecatalunya.cat/barca/article/2421868-historiques-i-eternes.html |archive-date=26 May 2024 |access-date=26 May 2024 |website=L'Esportiu de Catalunya |language=ca}}</ref> == History == === 1970s: Beginnings === Women's football insyd Spain, particularly Barcelona, get a certain level of popularity insyd de 1960s, buh na e be amateur, unofficial den technically banned.<ref name="Alcalde 20202">{{cite journal |last1=Alcalde |first1=Maria Dolors Ribalta |last2=Martí |first2=Xavier Pujadas |date=22 January 2020 |title=Women, Football, and Francoism: Lesbians and the Formation of Social Networks through Women's Football in Barcelona, 1970–1979 |url=https://cogentoa.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09523367.2020.1722646 |url-status=dead |journal=The International Journal of the History of Sport |volume=37 |issue=1–2 |pages=94–112 |doi=10.1080/09523367.2020.1722646 |hdl=20.500.14342/4153 |s2cid=214040923 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220803184756/https://cogentoa.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09523367.2020.1722646 |archive-date=3 August 2022 |via=cogentoa.tandfonline.com (Atypon) |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Na de "embryo" of Barcelona Femení be de Selecció Ciutat de Barcelona, dem form insyd November 1970.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Oinam |first=Jayanta |date=13 August 2023 |title=Camp Nou and the world record attendance for a women's match |url=https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/articles/camp-nou-and-the-world-record-attendance-for-a-womens-match |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121061027/https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/articles/camp-nou-and-the-world-record-attendance-for-a-womens-match |archive-date=21 November 2023 |access-date=31 January 2024 |website=FIFA}}</ref><ref name=":022">{{Cite web |date=24 December 2020 |title=FC Barcelona Women's Golden Anniversary |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1949097/fc-barcelona-womens-golden-anniversary |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250623133459/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1949097/fc-barcelona-womens-golden-anniversary |archive-date=23 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=en}}</ref> Insyd at least as early as de 1960s, FC Barcelona get women's teams play insyd exhibition games at de Camp Nou; de club no dey consider dese as antecedents to ein current women's team as na dem "[be] teams wey be created only for dat occasion, unlike Selecció Ciutat [de Barcelona], wich na dem create plus de idea of continuity den dey lay de groundwork for a future project."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barça Women return to Camp Nou 50 years after first game played by pioneers |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.fr/fr/actualites/1945516/barca-women-return-to-camp-nou-50-years-after-first-game-played-by-pioneers |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304132731/https://www.fcbarcelona.fr/fr/actualites/1945516/barca-women-return-to-camp-nou-50-years-after-first-game-played-by-pioneers |archive-date=4 March 2024 |access-date=4 March 2024 |website=Fcbarcelona.fr |language=en}}</ref> Upon Barcelona announcing Selecció Barcelona as ein new women's team, ''El Noticiero Universal'' report say de club almost pioneer women's football insyd Spain "chaw years earlier", having gone so far as to organise a game wey dem no fi be played for reasons beyond dema control.<ref>{{Cite news|date=18 November 1970|title=El Barcelona crea equipo femenino|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1584759|work=El Noticiero Universal|pages=28|via=[[Library of Catalonia]]|archive-date=8 April 2024|access-date=8 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240408022255/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1584759|url-status=live}}</ref> Dem create de team after footballer Immaculada Cabecerán approach de club plus de proposition insyd November 1970; de resulting team get continuity to de present. De Selecció Barcelona play dema first match on Christmas Day 1970, winning on penalties against Unió Esportiva Centelles in front of a crowd of around 60,000 people.<ref name=":022" /> Although na de team no be officially part of de club structure, na e be de first match wey a women's team play formally associated plus FC Barcelona (then dem know as CF Barcelona). De women's team then change ein name to Penya Femenina Barça (Peña Femenina Barcelonista) insyd early 1971,<ref name=":022" /> quickly be cam very popular,<ref name=":23">{{Cite news|date=5 January 1971|title=C. D. UNIVERSITARIO – SELECCION DE BARCELONA DE FUTBOL FEMENINO, MAÑANA EN LA CIUDAD UNIVERSITARIA|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1584797|work=El Noticiero Universal|pages=24|archive-date=27 November 2024|access-date=8 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127070438/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1584797|url-status=live}}</ref> wey dem play more matches at de Camp Nou plus large crowds.<ref name=":022" /> PF Barcelona wear de club ein ''blaugrana'' strip from 1971, widout de crest.<ref>{{Cite web |last=esport3 |date=20 December 2021 |title=El Barça es planteja jugar al Camp Nou la tornada de la Champions contra el Madrid |url=https://www.ccma.cat/esport3/el-barca-es-planteja-jugar-al-camp-nou-la-tornada-de-la-champions-contra-el-madrid/noticia/3136183/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304132327/https://www.ccma.cat/esport3/el-barca-es-planteja-jugar-al-camp-nou-la-tornada-de-la-champions-contra-el-madrid/noticia/3136183/ |archive-date=4 March 2024 |access-date=4 March 2024 |website=CCMA |language=ca}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=RCD Espanyol – History |url=https://www.rcdespanyol.com/en/history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304132149/https://www.rcdespanyol.com/en/history |archive-date=4 March 2024 |access-date=4 March 2024 |website=www.rcdespanyol.com}}</ref> Na dem be runner-up insyd de first cup competition insyd Catalonia, insyd 1971,<ref>{{Cite web |title=49 years since first women's football final in Catalonia |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1649703/49-years-since-first-womens-football-final-in-catalonia |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215140300/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1649703/49-years-since-first-womens-football-final-in-catalonia |archive-date=15 December 2023 |access-date=23 April 2024 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |language=en}}</ref> before winning de Catalonia-based league insyd 1973.<ref>{{cite news|date=21 February 1974|title=FUTBOL FEMENINO|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1974/02/21/pagina-6/1001474/pdf.html|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|page=6|language=Spanish|archive-date=3 May 2024|access-date=23 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240503043439/http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1974/02/21/pagina-6/1001474/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> De initial strength of women's football insyd Spain be flagging by 1975,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1586099|title=Auge del futbol femenino|date=31 May 1975|newspaper=El Noticiero Universal|language=es|page=21|author=Piconaire|archive-date=26 April 2025|access-date=16 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250426104302/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1586099|url-status=live}}</ref> den by September 1977 na der no longer be a women's league insyd Catalonia, plus de idea of one dem sanso consider somewhat unrealistic.<ref name="FutbolFemeninoYa">{{cite news|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1590725|title=Maria Teresa Andreu: Fútbol femenino, ya|date=7 September 1977|page=8|newspaper=El Noticiero Universal|language=es|last=Mora|first=Francisco|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=16 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130140244/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1590725|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd February 1977, P.F. Barcelona for publish a call for players insyd de ''Revista Barcelonista'', plus de magazine wey dey suggest na der be a crisis insyd lack of players. Na e promote de team as a way to "keep in shape" den look good, rather dan emphasising sport.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Porta |first1=Frederic |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wQ07DQAAQBAJ |title=Barça Insólito: 800 historias de la Historia |last2=Tomás |first2=Manuel |date=9 March 2017 |publisher=ROCA EDITORIAL |isbn=978-84-945569-5-1 |page=543. Para mantener la línea |language=ca}}</ref> During de down period of de late 1970s, Barcelona be one of de large teams wey continue dey play, wey dey include against women's teams from leagues insyd oda countries. Maria Teresa Andreu, presido of P.F. Barcelona at de time, feel say FC Barcelona respect de team, wey de club dey support den dey involve dem.<ref name="FutbolFemeninoYa" /> Na dem san establish a Catalan women's league by de 1978–79 season, plus a concurrent cup competition insyd wich P.F. Barcelona Atlético fini as runners-up after dem loose de final on penalties,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1591260|title=Deporte en la empresa: Premios y trofeos temporada 1978/79 {{!}} Futbol femenino Campeonato provincial final, P.F. Blanquiazul, 1 P.F. Barna. Atco., 1: por penaltys, campeon la Peña F. Feminino Blanquiazul|first=A|last=Goñi|date=7 June 1979|newspaper=El Noticiero Universal|page=28|language=es|archive-date=30 March 2025|access-date=11 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250330021346/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1591260|url-status=live}}</ref> before na P.F. Barcelona be second insyd de league insyd 1979–80.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1589655&posicion=26&presentacion=pagina|title=Torneo Femenino|language=es|newspaper=El Noticiero Universal|editor-last=Pedret|editor-first=A. G.|others=F. Amaro, J.M. Garcia, Planas, R. Rubiella|date=30 January 1980|page=26|archive-date=30 March 2025|access-date=5 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250330021300/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1589655&posicion=26&presentacion=pagina|url-status=live}}</ref> === 1981–1988: Lliga catalana den rivalry plus Barcilona === De Spanish Football Federation (then FEF, now RFEF) formally recognise women's football insyd 1980<ref>{{Cite web |title=Serial Fútbol Femenino en MARCA.com &#124; El origen clandestino de la selección |url=https://www.marca.com/reportajes/2013/04/serial_futbol_femenino/2013/04/23/seccion_01/1366710025.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812225857/https://www.marca.com/reportajes/2013/04/serial_futbol_femenino/2013/04/23/seccion_01/1366710025.html |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=1 February 2024 |website=www.marca.com}}</ref> den insyd 1981 dem approve for a women's football department of de Catalan Football Federation (FCF) to create de Women's Catalan Football League,<ref>{{Cite news|last=López Recasens|first=X|date=6 December 1984|title=Cataluña, pionera del futbol femenino|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/12/06/pagina-19/1118025/pdf.html|work=Mundo Deportivo|pages=19|language=es|archive-date=21 August 2024|access-date=4 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240821075644/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/12/06/pagina-19/1118025/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1981/02/14/pagina-38/1059195/pdf.html|title=Acuerdos de la Federación Española: Habra Campeonato de Futbol Femenino en Cataluña|date=13 February 1981|editor-last=Castillo|editor-first=Juan Jose|page=38|language=es|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=16 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130141423/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1981/02/14/pagina-38/1059195/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> of wich na Barcelona be a founding member.<ref name="TomasHistoria">{{cite book |last=Tomás Belenguer |first=Manuel |title=Barça femení: història des dels orígens fins al triplet |publisher=Editorial Base |year=2021 |isbn=9788419007001 |location=Barcelona |pages=85–94 |language=ca}}</ref> Insyd de 1982–83 season, de team take former player den advocate Núria Llansà as coach,<ref name="Llansa">{{Cite web |title=Núria Llansà |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/card/3830726/nuria-llansa |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240201155835/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/card/3830726/nuria-llansa |archive-date=1 February 2024 |access-date=1 February 2024 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |language=en}}</ref> wey dem change ein name. Andreu suggest de team be called Club Femenino/Femení (CF) Barcelona, to be closer to de name of de men's team, wey dis change dem make official before de 1983 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol;<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 December 2020 |title=Los 50 años del Barça femenino de fútbol: atrás quedan los días de campos de tierra y pensiones baratas |url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/futbol/20201224/barca-femenino-futbol-50-anos-11420504 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250325015132/https://www.elperiodico.com/es/futbol/20201224/barca-femenino-futbol-50-anos-11420504 |archive-date=25 March 2025 |access-date=10 September 2024 |website=www.elperiodico.com |language=es}}</ref> dem still sometimes be known as Penya Femenina Barcelona later insyd de decade,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Introducción histórica del futbol femenino |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/887434/introduccion-historica-del-futbol-femenino |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040528/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/887434/introduccion-historica-del-futbol-femenino |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.fcbarcelona.es |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/07/14/pagina-14/1108745/pdf.html|title=En Horta, final de la copa catalana|date=14 July 1984|language=es|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|page=14|last=Mentruit|first=Imma|archive-date=25 March 2025|access-date=4 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250325015806/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/07/14/pagina-14/1108745/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> wey na dem no be an official section of FC Barcelona.<ref name="Lucha">{{Cite news|last=Galindo|first=Jesús|date=2 January 1983|title=EL FUTBOL FEMENINO LUCHA POR SOBREVIVIR|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1983/01/02/pagina-19/1090385/pdf.html|work=[[Mundo Deportivo]]|pages=19|archive-date=29 June 2024|access-date=29 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629233344/http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1983/01/02/pagina-19/1090385/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> How na dem run de women's team cause a splinter group to leave den form de independent team Penya Barcelonista Barcilona insyd 1981, wey former Barcelona players Francina den Vicenta Pubill i Font lead. In terms of titles, na Barcilona be much more successful dan Barcelona insyd de 1980s,<ref>{{cite news|title=Barcelona: los puntos sobre las "ies"|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1986/04/03/pagina-28/1149080/pdf.html#&mode=fullScreen|access-date=28 June 2024|date=3 April 1986|page=28|newspaper=[[Mundo Deportivo]]|first=X|last=López Recasens|archive-date=30 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130141151/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1986/04/03/pagina-28/1149080/pdf.html#&mode=fullScreen|url-status=live}}</ref> though na de two be considered de teams to beat within Catalan women's football wey dem "fight to de death" insyd de league.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/12/28/pagina-23/1126928/pdf.html|title=El Barcilona, nuevo lider|first=X|last=López Recasens|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|date=28 December 1985|page=23|language=es|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=4 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130141242/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/12/28/pagina-23/1126928/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="BCampeon">{{cite news|title=Barcilona, campeón|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/04/07/pagina-24/1120860/pdf.html#&mode=fullScreen|access-date=26 June 2024|language=es|date=7 April 1985|page=24|newspaper=[[Mundo Deportivo]]|first=X|last=López Recasens|archive-date=2 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240702014220/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/04/07/pagina-24/1120860/pdf.html#&mode=fullScreen|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Empieza">{{Cite news|last=López Recasens|first=X|date=12 January 1985|title=Empieza el "play-off"|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/01/12/pagina-19/1116341/pdf.html|work=Mundo Deportivo|pages=19|language=es|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=4 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130141018/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/01/12/pagina-19/1116341/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Oda top Catalan teams at de time be ''derbi femení'' rivals Espanyol den anoda independent team, Vallès Occidental.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1987/05/26/pagina-20/1151001/pdf.html|title=Valles Occidental: Las campeonas buscan sponsor|date=26 May 1987|page=20|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|last=López R.|first=X|language=es|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=5 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130141139/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1987/05/26/pagina-20/1151001/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Barcelona win ein first official competition – de Copa Generalitat/Copa Catalana, a predecessor to de Copa Catalunya — by defeating Barcilona den Vallès Occidental insyd 1985.<ref name="Title2020">{{Cite web |date=28 June 2020 |title=El Barça Femenino ganó el primer título oficial de su historia hace 35 años |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/femenino-a/noticias/1699636/el-barca-femenino-gano-el-primer-titulo-oficial-de-su-historia-hace-35-anos |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040530/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/femenino-a/noticias/1699636/el-barca-femenino-gano-el-primer-titulo-oficial-de-su-historia-hace-35-anos |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.fcbarcelona.es |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=es}}</ref> Na support from FC Barcelona vary insyd de era: insyd January 1983, ahead of de Copa de la Reina, na Barcelona no get fixed training facilities anaa times (unlike de majority of teams insyd de league, though Barcilona sanso no get) den de relationship plus FC Barcelona be considered among de worst of women's teams plus parent clubs. Reportedly, na FC Barcelona "no wan to know" wen e cam to dem.<ref name="Lucha" /> Insyd 1984, de year Llansà be promoted to director of de women's football team,<ref name="Llansa" /> na dem thank FC Barcelona for taking a much more sustained interest insyd women's football, having offered ein stadiums (wey dey include de Camp Nou) den facilities.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/03/17/pagina-6/1103266/pdf.html|language=Spanish|title=España–Francia: Chicas... ¡al campo!|date=17 March 1984|page=6|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|last=Serra|first=Josep Ma.|archive-date=5 July 2024|access-date=4 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705063440/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/03/17/pagina-6/1103266/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Since at least 1985, de team play chaw home games at de Mini Estadi.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/11/23/pagina-22/1434701/pdf.html|title=0–27: El Valles abuso del Bemen|first=X|last=López Recasens|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|language=es|date=23 November 1985|page=22|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=5 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130142006/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/11/23/pagina-22/1434701/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1988/02/06/pagina-23/1440520/pdf.html|title=Futbol Femenino {{!}} Dos amistosos para la selección catalana|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|author=Xavier|date=6 February 1988|page=23|language=es|archive-date=6 July 2024|access-date=14 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706124325/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1988/02/06/pagina-23/1440520/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Tomás |first=Manuel |title=Les Corts i el Barça: vuitanta-cinc anys d'història compartida |publisher=[[City Council of Barcelona]] |year=2007 |isbn=978-84-9850-055-4 |location=Barcelona |language=ca}}</ref> Llansà go remain director til na de team be incorporated as an official section of FC Barcelona.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sport |date=26 June 2019 |title=Falleció Núria Llansà, exjugadora del FC Barcelona |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/veteranos/fallecio-nuria-llansa-exjugadora-barcelona-7524142 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240201155834/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/veteranos/fallecio-nuria-llansa-exjugadora-barcelona-7524142 |archive-date=1 February 2024 |access-date=1 February 2024 |website=www.sport.es |language=es}}</ref> === 1988–2001: Liga Nacional den inconsistency === Insyd 1988, Club Femení Barcelona, wich na be sponsored by FC Barcelona, be a founding member of de Liga Nacional, de first top-flight national women's league insyd Spain.<ref name=":26">{{Cite book |last1=Porta |first1=Frederic |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cw47DQAAQBAJ |title=Barça Insòlit: 800 històries de la Història |last2=Tomás |first2=Manuel |date=9 March 2017 |publisher=ROCA EDITORIAL |isbn=978-84-945569-6-8 |pages=547–548 |language=ca |access-date=20 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251201215620/https://books.google.com/books?id=Cw47DQAAQBAJ |archive-date=1 December 2025 |url-status=live}}</ref> Dema performances insyd dis iteration of de league be inconsistent from de start, wey dey loose to weak teams den dey beat otherwise unbeatable ones, cementing demaselves as a mid-table team. Dem get a successful three-year run insyd de early 1990s, placing insyd de league top three between 1992 den 1994, den winning de 1994 Copa de la Reina.<ref name=":26" /> Dem subsequently decline to bottom table positions buh, despite dema weaker performances insyd de later years of de Liga Nacional, dem always manage to stay insyd de top division.<ref name=":26" /> Andreu join de board of FC Barcelona insyd 2000,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Andreu Grau, Maria Teresa stats {{!}} FC Barcelona Players |url=https://players.fcbarcelona.com/en/player/2451-maria-teresa-andreu-grau-maria-teresa |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910224121/https://players.fcbarcelona.com/en/player/2451-maria-teresa-andreu-grau-maria-teresa |archive-date=10 September 2024 |access-date=10 September 2024 |website=FCB Jugadors |language=es}}</ref> den within de year dem bring Club Femení Barcelona into de Barcelona Foundation ein organisational structure, wey dey make de women's team part of de club insyd administration.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Escudero |first=Sergi |date=31 May 2023 |title=Les revolucionàries del Barça abans d'Alexia Putellas |url=https://www.ara.cat/esports/barca-femeni/revolucionaries-barca-alexia_1_4714487.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240909014354/https://www.ara.cat/esports/barca-femeni/revolucionaries-barca-alexia_1_4714487.html |archive-date=9 September 2024 |access-date=10 September 2024 |website=Ara.cat |language=ca}}</ref> === 2002–2007: Becoming an official section den Segunda División === Insyd 2001, na dem rebrand de league into de Superliga Femenina secof natural growth; na dem no accept Barcelona into de top division, as dem no fi pay de inscription fee of [[Spanish peseta|₧]]3 million, wey na dem install insyd de new Superliga second division, de lowest tier of national football at de time (though dem sub-divide by regional group). Llansà push for de team to be recognised den supported as a section of de club;<ref>{{cite web |last=Irigoyen |first=Juan I. |date=16 May 2021 |title=El Barcelona conquista Europa |url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2021-05-16/el-barcelona-conquista-europa.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240917162420/https://elpais.com/deportes/2021-05-16/el-barcelona-conquista-europa.html |archive-date=17 September 2024 |access-date=17 September 2024 |website=El País |language=es}}</ref> insyd de summer of 2002, de FC Barcelona board unanimously approve ratifying de decision to incorporate CF Barcelona as an official section, wey de club rebrand de women's section to Futbol Club Barcelona Femení.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=LoRé |first=Michael |date=6 March 2020 |title=How FC Barcelona Is Paving The Way For Women's Soccer |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaellore/2020/03/06/how-fc-barcelona-is-paving-the-way-for-womens-soccer/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040519/https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaellore/2020/03/06/how-fc-barcelona-is-paving-the-way-for-womens-soccer/ |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=29 October 2021 |work=[[Forbes]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Parking">{{cite web |last=Irigoyen |first=Juan I. |date=14 May 2021 |title=De jugar en el parking a estar en la élite de Europa |url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2021-05-14/del-aparcamiento-a-la-elite-de-europa.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250317155121/https://elpais.com/deportes/2021-05-14/del-aparcamiento-a-la-elite-de-europa.html |archive-date=17 March 2025 |access-date=16 September 2024 |website=El País |language=es}}</ref> De next year, de team nominally cam be professional, buh na dem no dey receive livable salaries wey dem still for maintain oda jobs.<ref name="Parking" /> Barcelona win ein group insyd de Segunda División insyd 2002 den 2003, buh e remain insyd de second division after unsuccessful appearances insyd de promotion playoffs. Na dem eventually promote am to de Superliga Femenina insyd 2004. Once dem promote am, de team enjoy sam popularity insyd de 2004–05 season secof de signing of de Mexican international Maribel "Marigol" Domínguez den de Spanish María Luisa Coimbra, though dis no translate into quality results give de team.<ref name="20minutos-2005">{{Cite web |last=Pelayo |first=José |date=10 February 2005 |title=El otro duelo de 'cracks' |url=http://www.20minutos.es/noticia/4258/0/el/otro/duelo/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050511070711/http://www.20minutos.es/noticia/4258/0/el/otro/duelo/ |archive-date=11 May 2005 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=20minutos.es |publisher=[[20 minutos]]}}</ref> Na dem hire Xavi Llorens as manager insyd 2006 to replace Natalia Astrain,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bonals |first=Laia |date=16 May 2021 |title=Making history has never been so close |url=https://en.ara.cat/sports/making-history-has-never-been-close_130_3986303.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130144220/https://en.ara.cat/sports/making-history-has-never-been-close_130_3986303.html |archive-date=30 November 2024 |access-date=16 September 2024 |website=Ara}}</ref> wey na she be among de figures to leave wen de club restructure den significantly reduce de women's section insyd de summer of 2006.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/2006/06/30/pagina-29/829841/pdf.html|title=Habrá reestructuración en el fútbol femenino|last=Roura|first=C|date=30 June 2006|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|page=29|language=es|archive-date=26 December 2024|access-date=16 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226141327/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/2006/06/30/pagina-29/829841/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Na Llorens be unable to keep de team insyd de Superliga, den at de end of de 2006–07 season, na de team be relegated den de club consider dissolving de section.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD02/PUB/2007/05/07/EMD20070507014MDP.pdf|access-date=2 August 2022|language=es|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|date=7 May 2007|title=Stoichkov quiere a Alexanko|last1=Roura|first1=C|last2=Solé|first2=S|page=14|archive-date=4 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404061221/http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD02/PUB/2007/05/07/EMD20070507014MDP.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2008–2015: Return to de top flight den first Golden Era === [[File:Final_Copa_Catalunya_Femenina_RCDE_0_–_1_FCB_(6089064812).jpg|right|thumb|Barcelona dey celebrate dema 2011 Copa Catalunya win]] Barcelona return to de Superliga insyd 2008, den between 2009 den 2011, na dem consolidate demaselves insyd top positions insyd de league table.<ref name=":8">{{cite web |date=19 June 2011 |title=FC Barcelona, campeón de la Copa de SM La Reina tras vencer al RCD Espanyol (1–0) |url=http://www.rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=119&ID=1479 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111227112831/http://www.rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=119&ID=1479 |archive-date=27 December 2011 |access-date=19 June 2011 |publisher=rfef.es |language=es}}</ref> Insyd 2011, na dem win dema second Copa de la Reina, wey dem beat local rivals Espanyol 1–0 insyd de final.<ref name=":8" /> Insyd 2012, na dem win dema first league title plus a then-record 94 points,<ref>{{cite web |date=27 May 2012 |title=El Barça femenino, campeón de Liga |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/20120527/mundo-barsa/barca-barca-femenino-liga-campeonas_54300366310.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423181156/https://www.mundodeportivo.com/20120527/mundo-barsa/barca-barca-femenino-liga-campeonas_54300366310.html |archive-date=23 April 2019 |access-date=27 May 2012 |publisher=mundodeportivo.com |language=es}}</ref> qualifying for de UEFA Women's Champions League for de first time before exiting insyd de first round.<ref name=":9">{{cite web |last1=Menayo |first1=David |date=16 June 2013 |title=El Barcelona firma el primer doblete de su historia |url=https://www.marca.com/2013/06/16/futbol/futbol_femenino/1371380550.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204744/https://www.marca.com/2013/06/16/futbol/futbol_femenino/1371380550.html |archive-date=24 June 2021 |access-date=20 June 2021 |website=marca.com |publisher=[[Marca (newspaper)|MARCA]]}}</ref> Dem successfully defend de league insyd 2013 plus a last matchday away win over leading team Athletic Bilbao, before winning de 2013 Copa de la Reina to be cam de fifth Spanish women's team to achieve de domestic double.<ref name=":9" /> Barcelona qualify for de quarterfinals of de Women's Champions League for de first time insyd de 2013–14 edition,<ref name=":4">{{cite web |date=17 June 2014 |title=Golden era for FC Barcelona's women's team |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/1123347/golden-era-for-fc-barcelonas-womens-team |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240201160947/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/1123347/golden-era-for-fc-barcelonas-womens-team |archive-date=1 February 2024 |access-date=1 February 2024 |website=FC Barcelona}}</ref> a season insyd wich dem win dema third straight league title. Between 17 April 2011 den 11 December 2011, Barcelona maintain a 15-match winning streak, de longest consecutive run insyd Spanish women's football history by 2015; den between 23 September 2012 den 20 April 2014, dem get a 54-game unbeaten run, anoda record at de time.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramos |first=D |date=4 September 2015 |title=20 cosas que deberías saber de la Liga femenina de fútbol |url=https://www.marca.com/2015/09/04/futbol/futbol_femenino/1441360348.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240202003510/https://www.marca.com/2015/09/04/futbol/futbol_femenino/1441360348.html |archive-date=2 February 2024 |access-date=2 February 2024 |website=MARCA.com |language=es}}</ref> By de end of de 2013–14 season, de club refer to de previous four years of Barcelona Femení as a Golden Era insyd wich dem "absolutely dominate de Spanish football scene", den de team receive dema own section insyd de Barça Museum.<ref name=":4" /> Insyd de following 2014–15 season, dem cam be de first team insyd de Spanish women's league to win four straight league titles.<ref>{{Cite web |last=González |first=Inma |date=18 April 2015 |title=Las chicas del Barça conquistan su cuarta Liga consecutiva |url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/deportes/20150418/chicas-barca-conquistan-cuarta-liga-consecutiva-4112042 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130144715/https://www.elperiodico.com/es/deportes/20150418/chicas-barca-conquistan-cuarta-liga-consecutiva-4112042 |archive-date=30 November 2024 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=www.elperiodico.com |language=es}}</ref> === 2015–2018: Professionalism den rivalry plus Atlético Madrid === Insyd de summer of 2015, de club make de decision to professionalise de women's section.<ref name=":1" /> Despite dema domestic success, players be unable to make a living playing give Barcelona Femení, wey de club know e no fi compete insyd de Champions League against professional teams from oda countries.<ref name=":5" /> De team make a sponsorship deal plus Stanley Tools insyd 2014, wich allow dem to be cam professional,<ref name=":5" /> wey dem add a shirt deal insyd 2018 wey make Stanley de first shirt sponsor specific to de women's team.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 July 2018 |title=STANLEY Becomes the First Main Jersey Partner of FC Barcelona Women's Team |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/792979/stanley-becomes-the-first-main-jersey-partner-of-fc-barcelona-womens-team |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030042022/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/792979/stanley-becomes-the-first-main-jersey-partner-of-fc-barcelona-womens-team |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=en}}</ref> Na dem no be included insyd de deal wen Rakuten sponsor de men's team ein shirts insyd 2016 allow Barcelona Femení to sign an exclusivity deal plus Stanley for around €3.5&nbsp;million per year, wey dey separate de team ein finances den dey make dem individually profitable.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 October 2018 |title=Barça Women turns profitable with Stanley I Women's Football Marketing |url=https://www.xavibove.es/en/barca-women-turns-profitable-with-3-5me-from-stanley/ |access-date=9 May 2024 |website=Xavi Bové |language=en-GB}}</ref> Plus de professionalisation, de club begin changes, wey dey include bringing insyd Markel Zubizarreta first as women's team manager insyd 2015.<ref name=":14">{{Cite web |title=Markel Zubizarreta set to leave the Club |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/3701220/markel-zubizarreta-set-to-leave-the-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240508110131/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/3701220/markel-zubizarreta-set-to-leave-the-club |archive-date=8 May 2024 |access-date=8 May 2024 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |language=en}}</ref> Barcelona ein domestic dominance end as dem go thru de process of becoming professional, plus then-captain Vicky Losada later dey talk say na de jump "be a big change" initially, dey disrupt de team.<ref name=":5" /> As part of dema new professionalism, Barcelona place a greater priority on competing insyd de Champions League,<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|title=Barcelona sign England striker Duggan|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/40514401|access-date=9 February 2024|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB|archive-date=6 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006011858/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/40514401|url-status=live}}</ref> though dem focus on improving conditions rather dan immediately trying to match de level of foreign teams.<ref name=":72">{{Cite web |last=Sport |date=22 April 2015 |title="El año que viene queremos conseguir otra liga" |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/barcelona-femenino-queremos-liga-4123547 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250502010524/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/barcelona-femenino-queremos-liga-4123547 |archive-date=2 May 2025 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=www.sport.es |language=es}}</ref> Dem reach dema first Champions League semi-final insyd de 2016–17 season, wich na dem compare to de rapid rise of Manchester City W.F.C., wey cam be professional wey then dem achieve dis milestone at de same times as Barcelona.<ref name=":6" /> Dis period sanso coincide plus Atlético Madrid Femenino "wey dey emerge as a really strong side". Atlético cam be a challenger to Barcelona ein success, wey dem do so by playing plus a style wey counteracted Barcelona ein own: a rivalry develop between de teams wey Losada describe am as de women's ''Clásico''.<ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Egorov |first=Grigory |date=6 September 2019 |title=Barca Femeni goalkeeper: Real Madrid's women's team have to earn Clasico status |url=https://tribuna.com/en/news/fcbarcelona-2019-09-06-barca-femeni-goalkeeper-real-madrids-womens-team-have-to-earn-clasico-status/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040528/https://tribuna.com/en/news/fcbarcelona-2019-09-06-barca-femeni-goalkeeper-real-madrids-womens-team-have-to-earn-clasico-status/ |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=Tribuna.com}}</ref> Atlético win de three league titles between de 2016–17 den 2018–19 seasons, wey Barcelona be runners-up insyd each of those seasons.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Gulino |first=Joey |date=17 March 2019 |title=Barcelona's win over Atletico Madrid sets attendance record for women's club match |url=https://www.yahoo.com/now/barcelonas-win-over-atletico-madrid-sets-attendance-record-for-womens-club-match-160324919.html |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |language=en-US}}</ref> After struggling against Atlético for a few years,<ref name=":5" /> Barcelona beat dem insyd de final of de 2017 Copa de la Reina, insyd Llorens ein final match as coach.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FC Barcelona Women v Atlético Madrid: Copa de la Reina winners! (4–1) |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/755585/fc-barcelona-women-v-atletico-madrid-copa-de-la-reina-winners-4-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221019124143/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/755585/fc-barcelona-women-v-atletico-madrid-copa-de-la-reina-winners-4-1 |archive-date=19 October 2022 |access-date=9 February 2024 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |language=en}}</ref> Llorens cam insyd to restructure de women's section insyd 2006 wen na e be weak, wey ein departure sanso bring about change. Under ein replacement, Fran Sánchez,<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /> den plus Zubizarreta cam be sporting director insyd summer 2017,<ref name=":14" /> Barcelona Femení move away from ein focus on development den integration of youth players.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /> De process briefly change to signing multiple big names insyd international football, wey dey include England star Toni Duggan<ref name=":6" /> den Lieke Martens, wey dem make de highest-paid female footballer. Insyd de summer of 2018, Barcelona Femení join de men's team on a pre-season tour for de first time, one of de measures wey make ''The Guardian'' consider dem a groundbreaker insyd "growing commercial opportunities" den dey promote equality give women's football.<ref name=":12">{{Cite news|last=Taylor|first=Louise|date=19 July 2018|title=Everton and Barcelona take pioneering lead towards equality|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2018/jul/19/everton-barcelona-lead-towards-equality-whatif|access-date=9 February 2024|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> === 2019–2024: De new dynasty === Barcelona defeat Atlético at de Wanda Metropolitano on 17 March 2019, insyd a match wey break de world record for attendance at a women's club football match plus 60,739 attendees.<ref name=":3" /> Later dat season, Barcelona progress to dema first ever Champions League final, meeting den losing 1–4 to five-time Champions League winners Olympique Lyonnais Féminin (Lyon).<ref>{{Cite news|last=Panja|first=Tariq|date=18 May 2019|title=Lyon Routs Barcelona to Win Fourth Straight Women's Champions League Title|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/18/sports/lyon-barcelona-champions-league-title.html|access-date=18 February 2024|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=18 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218200049/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/18/sports/lyon-barcelona-champions-league-title.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Na Sánchez be replaced by Lluís Cortés insyd January 2019 den,<ref>{{cite web |date=8 January 2019 |title=Lluís Cortés takes over women's team |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/969839/lluis-cortes-takes-over-womens-team |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526181417/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/969839/lluis-cortes-takes-over-womens-team |archive-date=26 May 2024 |access-date=24 December 2021 |publisher=FCBarcelona.com}}</ref> dey start insyd summer 2019, Barcelona aim to reduce de number of signings each year, returning to de long-term project of homegrown talent as de basis of de team;<ref name=":5" /> Zubizarreta go gain a reputation as de "architect", wey dey build de team from youth acquisitions den dey convince higher profile players, a "low-cost" method of creating a strong, cohesive team.<ref name=":15">{{Cite web |date=7 April 2024 |title=La plantilla más valiosa del mundo es 'low-cost' |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/plantilla-valiosa-mundo-low-cost-100702043 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240508110131/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/plantilla-valiosa-mundo-low-cost-100702043 |archive-date=8 May 2024 |access-date=8 May 2024 |website=www.sport.es |language=es}}</ref> Barcelona Femení begin only incorporating external players wey be connected to de team ein style, wey Losada dey insist say "de style of de club be sacred."<ref name=":5" /> After losing de 2019 Champions League final, de team direct investment to oda areas, wey dey include improvement insyd conditions den an expanded support staff.<ref name=":15" /> De period from Barcelona ein surge insyd success den cementing of identity insyd 2019, to de present as of 2024, be described as a dynastic era give de team den as de "new dynasty" of Europe.<ref name=":11">{{Cite magazine|last=Gastelum|first=Andrew|date=20 May 2022|title=How Barcelona Femení Became the World's Most Dominant Team|url=https://www.si.com/soccer/2022/05/20/barcelona-femeni-alexia-dynasty-champions-league-final-daily-cover|access-date=4 May 2024|magazine=Sports Illustrated|language=en-us|archive-date=22 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230822063120/https://www.si.com/soccer/2022/05/20/barcelona-femeni-alexia-dynasty-champions-league-final-daily-cover|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=VAVEL.com |date=3 June 2023 |title=Barcelona 3–2 Wolfsburg: Eindhoven welcomes the coronation of Catalonia's eternal European royalty |url=https://www.vavel.com/en/football/2023/06/03/womens-football/1148389-barcelona-3-2-wolfsburg-eindhoven-welcomes-the-coronation-of-catalonias-eternal-european-royalty.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504235231/https://www.vavel.com/en/football/2023/06/03/womens-football/1148389-barcelona-3-2-wolfsburg-eindhoven-welcomes-the-coronation-of-catalonias-eternal-european-royalty.html |archive-date=4 May 2024 |access-date=4 May 2024 |website=VAVEL |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Abdullah |first=Abdullah |title=Rise of a New Dynasty: FC Barcelona Femini's Emerging Legacy |date=8 April 2024 |publisher=Pitch Publishing Ltd |isbn=978-1-80150-675-5 |edition=1st}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mickey |first=Hans |date=9 April 2024 |title=Barça Femení has bred its own dynasty |url=https://www.blaugranagram.com/barca-femeni-has-bred-its-own-dynasty-interview-with-author-abdullah-abdullah/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507030143/https://www.blaugranagram.com/barca-femeni-has-bred-its-own-dynasty-interview-with-author-abdullah-abdullah/ |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=4 May 2024 |website=Blaugranagram |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="ElPokerNuncaVisto">{{Cite web |last=Soria |first=Miki |title=El póker nunca visto: el viaje a la gloria del Barça femenino |url=https://www.sport.es/es/barca/poker-historico-barcelona-femenino-sh/poker-historico-barcelona-femenino-sh |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.sport.es |language=es}}</ref> Insyd 2024, de success of Barcelona Femení be considered by local sportswriters den de FC Barcelona club historian to be de prevailing sense of identity den club narrative give FC Barcelona.<ref name=":252">{{Cite book |title=FC Barcelona: history, politics and identity |date=2024 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-040-01352-6 |editor-last=O'Brien |editor-first=Jim |location=Abingdon, Oxon New York, N.Y |editor-last2=Ginesta |editor-first2=Xavier |editor-last3=San Eugenio |editor-first3=Jordi de}}</ref> After dem be runners-up insyd all competitions for two years, Barcelona win four titles for de 2019–20 season,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barça Femení – EDF Logroño: Campiones de la Copa de la Reina! (3–0) |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/futbol/femeni-a/noticies/2027556/barca-femeni-edf-logrono-campiones-de-la-copa-de-la-reina-3-0 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224234818/https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/futbol/femeni-a/noticies/2027556/barca-femeni-edf-logrono-campiones-de-la-copa-de-la-reina-3-0 |archive-date=24 December 2023 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.fcbarcelona.cat |language=ca}}</ref> buh na dem no reach de final of de 2019–20 Champions League, wich de club consider disappointing.<ref>{{Cite web |last=López |first=Josep Gabernet |date=26 August 2020 |title=Wolfsburg v FC Barcelona: It wasn't to be (1–0) |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/1778355/wolfsburg-v-fc-barcelona-it-wasnt-to-be-1-0 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190502/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/1778355/wolfsburg-v-fc-barcelona-it-wasnt-to-be-1-0 |archive-date=9 July 2021 |access-date=3 July 2021 |website=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Since 2020, Barcelona win de league wey dem reach de Champions League final every season, while dem sanso win at least one of de Copa de la Reina den Supercopa each year. Dem win dema first Champions League title by defeating Chelsea 4–0 insyd de 2021 final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fisher |first=Bethany |date=16 May 2021 |title=Barcelona make Champions League history with 4–0 win over Chelsea |url=https://herfootballhub.com/barcelona-win-champions-league-history-chelsea-europe/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519081540/https://herfootballhub.com/barcelona-win-champions-league-history-chelsea-europe/ |archive-date=19 May 2021 |access-date=19 May 2021 |website=Her Football Hub}}</ref> A month later, Cortés lef, as de club continue to strive to build on dema success den standards of professionalism.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Martínez |first=Ferran |date=27 June 2021 |title=Lluís Cortés se va del Barça femenino |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20210627/410271683677/lluis-cortes-se-va-del-barca-femenino.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210627083513/https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20210627/410271683677/lluis-cortes-se-va-del-barca-femenino.html |archive-date=27 June 2021 |access-date=27 June 2021 |work=Mundo Deportivo |language=Catalan}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 June 2021 |title=Lluís Cortés comunica la decisión de dejar el equipo |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/2179452/lluis-cortes-comunica-la-decision-de-dejar-el-equipo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210627113820/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/2179452/lluis-cortes-comunica-la-decision-de-dejar-el-equipo |archive-date=27 June 2021 |access-date=27 June 2021 |website=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=Spanish}}</ref> Na losing dema manager no harm de team: dema 2021–22 season be considered one of de most dominant insyd football.<ref name=":11" /><ref name="WahlSub">{{cite web |last1=Wahl |first1=Grant |date=20 April 2022 |title=Redefining the Sport, Redefining the Culture |url=https://grantwahl.substack.com/p/redefining-the-sport-redefining-the?s=r |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220728190122/https://grantwahl.substack.com/p/redefining-the-sport-redefining-the?s=r |archive-date=28 July 2022 |access-date=20 April 2022 |website=Fútbol with Grant Wahl}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 May 2022 |title=Barcelona Femeni 2021–22 perfect season: Can Women's team win every trophy & match they play this year? {{!}} Goal.com UK |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-femeni-2021-22-perfect-season-win-every-trophy-match/bltff187a01cfc571d4 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130142236/https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-femeni-2021-22-perfect-season-win-every-trophy-match/bltff187a01cfc571d4 |archive-date=30 November 2024 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The stats from a historic league campaign |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327070145/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news |archive-date=27 March 2020 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref><ref name="Trophies2022">{{Cite web |title=FC Barcelona end the 2021/22 season with 16 trophies |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/club/news/2656665/fc-barcelona-end-the-202122-season-with-16-trophies |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703235905/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/club/news/2656665/fc-barcelona-end-the-202122-season-with-16-trophies |archive-date=3 July 2022 |access-date=1 July 2022 |website=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Grant Wahl say na de team be one of de best women's sides insyd history, wey he attribute dema resilience den increasing success to dem establish a new culture within de team einself.<ref name="WahlSub" /> Dem fail to retain de Champions League dis season,<ref name="Trophies2022" /> buh san go win am insyd de following two.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Sanders|first=Emma|date=3 June 2023|title=Women's Champions League: Barcelona come back from 2–0 down to beat Wolfsburg 3–2 to win second title|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/65734681|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240318134242/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/65734681|archive-date=18 March 2024|access-date=18 February 2024|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":20">{{Cite web |date=25 May 2024 |title=Barcelona 2 Lyon 0: Barca win third Champions League in four years. Is this a changing of the guard? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5517734/2024/05/25/barcelona-lyon-champions-league-bonmati/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525182333/https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5517734/2024/05/25/barcelona-lyon-champions-league-bonmati/ |archive-date=25 May 2024 |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=[[The Athletic]]}}</ref> Dema 2023–24 season exceed dema previous successes,<ref name="ElPokerNuncaVisto" /> wey de team plete dema first continental quadruple<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2024 |title=Barcelona retains Women's Champions League title, completing historic quadruple |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/05/25/sport/barcelona-lyon-womens-champions-league-2024-spt-intl/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525181628/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/05/25/sport/barcelona-lyon-womens-champions-league-2024-spt-intl/index.html |archive-date=25 May 2024 |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=[[CNN]]}}</ref> by defeating Lyon 2–0 insyd de 2024 Champions League final;<ref name=":20" /> wey e be dema third Champions League title insyd four years, den dema first defeat of European rivals Lyon. Maria Tikas opine say de match confirmed Barcelona as de new holders of de European dynasty.<ref name=":162">{{Cite web |last=Tikas |first=Maria |date=25 May 2024 |title=El Barça gana la Tercera en Bilbao y confirma un cambio de dinastía en Europa |url=https://www.sport.es/futbol-femenino-barca/barca-gana-tercera-bilbao-confirma-102901591 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250104190312/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/futbol-femenino/barca-gana-tercera-bilbao-confirma-102901591 |archive-date=4 January 2025 |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=Diario Sport |language=es}}</ref> [[File:Panoràmica_Camp_Nou_de_rècord_mundial.2.jpg|thumb|400x400px|Na dem set de official record attendance for a women's football match at Camp Nou on 22 April 2022, wey 91,648 people watch Barcelona defeat Wolfsburg 5–1 (pictured).<ref>{{cite web |last1=Marsden |first1=Sam |last2=Llorens |first2=Moises |date=22 April 2022 |title=Barcelona women set all-time attendance record in UWCL win over Wolfsburg |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/barcelona-barcelona_women/story/4648506/barcelona-women-set-all-time-attendance-record-in-uwcl-win-over-wolfsburg |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230514232605/https://www.espn.co.uk/football/barcelona-barcelona_women/story/4648506/barcelona-women-set-all-time-attendance-record-in-uwcl-win-over-wolfsburg |archive-date=14 May 2023 |access-date=20 October 2022 |website=ESPN}}</ref>]] During dis period, de team sanso dominate individual awards: captain Alexia Putellas sweep all individual awards for two seasons (wey dey correspond to 2020–21 den 2021–22),<ref>{{Cite news|date=29 November 2021|title=Putellas wins Women's Ballon d'Or|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/59468815|access-date=18 February 2024|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB|archive-date=18 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218203844/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/59468815|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Burhan |first=Asif |date=17 October 2022 |title=Alexia Putellas Becomes First Spanish-Born Player To Win Ballon D'Or Twice |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/asifburhan/2022/10/17/alexia-putellas-becomes-first-spanish-born-player-to-win-ballon-dor-twice/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017190151/https://www.forbes.com/sites/asifburhan/2022/10/17/alexia-putellas-becomes-first-spanish-born-player-to-win-ballon-dor-twice/ |archive-date=17 October 2022 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> wey Aitana Bonmatí then win all individual titles for de 2022–23 season. Including ein achievements plus de Spain national team, Bonmatí get de most decorated season of any footballer, male anaa female.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Garrido|first=Maria|date=14 December 2023|title=Aitana Bonmati: Ballon d'Or and World Cup winner forged by adversity|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/67691132|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240326180605/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/67691132|archive-date=26 March 2024|access-date=18 February 2024|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB}}</ref> Oda records wey de team set include twice setting de highest-ever attendance for a women's football match – Barcelona beat Real Madrid den then Wolfsburg at de Camp Nou, plus respective attendances of 91,553 den 91,648<ref name="WahlSub" /><ref name="Gulino">{{cite news|last1=Gulino|first1=Joey|date=30 March 2022|title=Record 91,553 fans watch Barcelona women oust Real Madrid from Champions League|url=https://uk.news.yahoo.com/record-91553-fans-watch-barcelona-women-oust-real-madrid-from-champions-league-video-185612760.html|work=Yahoo Sports|archive-date=28 July 2022|access-date=1 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220728201600/https://uk.news.yahoo.com/record-91553-fans-watch-barcelona-women-oust-real-madrid-from-champions-league-video-185612760.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="ESPN-UWCLSF">{{cite web |date=22 April 2022 |title=Barcelona presume récord de asistencia femenil, aunque México tiene uno mayor [Barcelona claims female attendance record, although Mexico has a higher one] |url=https://espndeportes.espn.com/futbol/mexico/nota/_/id/10257566/mexico-femenil-1971-record-asistencia-estadio-barcelona |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220423005459/https://espndeportes.espn.com/futbol/mexico/nota/_/id/10257566/mexico-femenil-1971-record-asistencia-estadio-barcelona |archive-date=23 April 2022 |website=ESPN}}</ref> – den breaking de world record for a transfer fee insyd women's football to bring Keira Walsh from Manchester City insyd de summer of 2022. De team ein dominance insyd Spain sanso reach new heights after dem summarily defeat main rivals Atlético 7–0 insyd de 2021–22 Supercopa final.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Second Spanish Super Cup winners, now outright leaders |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2460087/second-spanish-super-cup-winners-now-outright-leaders |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015135857/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2460087/second-spanish-super-cup-winners-now-outright-leaders |archive-date=15 October 2023 |access-date=23 January 2022 |website=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Dat season, dem mathematically win de league by March.<ref>{{cite web |last=Westwood |first=James |date=14 March 2022 |title=Barcelona Femeni win El Clasico 5–0 to be crowned champions of Spain with six games to spare |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-femeni-win-el-clasico-5-0-crowned-champions-spain/bltf8642070feb351fb |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401035715/https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-femeni-win-el-clasico-5-0-crowned-champions-spain/bltf8642070feb351fb |archive-date=1 April 2022 |access-date=30 March 2022 |publisher=Goal}}</ref> Real Madrid incorporate ein women's team insyd 2020, wey dey aim to challenge Barcelona ein monopoly within Spain; Barcelona win every women's Clásico as of 2024.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":212">{{Cite web |date=17 November 2023 |title=The gap is closing between Real Madrid and Barcelona in women's game ... and that's a good thing |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/38918927/women-clasico-real-madrid-closing-gap-barca-femeni |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120160056/https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/38918927/women-clasico-real-madrid-closing-gap-barca-femeni |archive-date=20 November 2023 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> == Supporters den popularity == [[File:Ada_Colau_rep_les_jugadores_del_Barça_femení_després_de_proclamar-se_campiones_d’Europa_06.jpg|thumb|Barcelona Femení supporters at Plaça Sant Jaume insyd 2023]] Barcelona Femení get a fan base distinct from dat of de men's team, even wen de team sell out de main stadiums. De popularity of de team grow vastly insyd de years after e cam be professional.<ref name=":2" /> Part of de reason for de growth in popularity be connected to de growth of feminism insyd de 2010s. De audience give Barcelona Femení dey include both women den men of all ages – reportedly mostly men wey no dey watch de Barcelona men's team,<ref name=":2" /> though, insyd de 2020s, Barcelona Femení ein fan base grow to include long-time Barcelona fans wey dem more recently be exposed to den enjoy de women's team's style of play.<ref name=":22">{{Cite web |last=Bonals |first=Laia |date=25 May 2024 |title=La final de Bilbao: un cambio de paradigma para el barcelonismo |url=https://www.elperiodico.com/deporte-femenino/20240525/final-bilbao-cambio-paradigma-barcelonismo-102855856 |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=El Periódico |language=es}}</ref> ''El Periódico'' wrep insyd 2024 say de team dey play give people "wey cam be hooked on [dema] way of playing den understanding football".<ref name=":22" /> De same year, authors Jim O'Brien den Xavier Ginesta question whether de club einself promote de women's team to be "insyd de vanguard of genuine change insyd gender politics" anaa as a form of brand marketing secof dema increased profile den dey want "to breath[e] fresh life into de fading traditions of de club."<ref name=":25">{{Cite book |title=FC Barcelona: history, politics and identity |date=2024 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-040-01352-6 |editor-last=O'Brien |editor-first=Jim |location=Abingdon, Oxon New York, N.Y |editor-last2=Ginesta |editor-first2=Xavier |editor-last3=San Eugenio |editor-first3=Jordi de}}</ref> Supporters of de team typically dey support feminist values insyd society den sport, as well as de team einself.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Bonals |first=Laia |date=22 December 2022 |title=El Barça masculí i el femení tenen públics diferents: per què? |url=https://www.ara.cat/esports/futbol-femeni/barca-masculi-femeni-tenen-publics-diferents_130_4581134.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221225023148/https://www.ara.cat/esports/futbol-femeni/barca-masculi-femeni-tenen-publics-diferents_130_4581134.html |archive-date=25 December 2022 |website=Ara.cat |language=ca}}</ref> Around de time of dema professionalisation, de team make an effort to gain more regular supporters wey dey attend matches. Na dem be dominant within Spain, de staff know say na winning no be enough wey dem work on ways to engage potential fans.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |last=Sport |date=22 April 2015 |title="El año que viene queremos conseguir otra liga" |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/barcelona-femenino-queremos-liga-4123547 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250502010524/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/barcelona-femenino-queremos-liga-4123547 |archive-date=2 May 2025 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=www.sport.es |language=es}}</ref> Research dem conduct around dis time suggest say na de lack of widespread support give Barcelona Femení be primarily secof de power hierarchy within global den glocalised football dat under-appreciated women.<ref>{{Cite book |last=de Araújo Silva |first=Marcos |url=https://biblioteca.clacso.edu.ar/clacso/se/20180606100837/Politica_global_Futbol.pdf |title=Política global y fútbol: el deporte como preocupación de las ciencias sociales |publisher=[[Latin American Council of Social Sciences]] |isbn=9789968558594 |editor-last=Soto Acosta |editor-first=Willy |pages=57–72 |language=es |chapter=Més que um club – el FC Barcelona, la postcolonialidad y las heterotopías del futbol en el mundo globalizado |access-date=11 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323220935/https://biblioteca.clacso.edu.ar/clacso/se/20180606100837/Politica_global_Futbol.pdf |archive-date=23 March 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref>By de time Barcelona Femení successively break de official world record attendance twice insyd 2022, de increasing support dem track plus global trends buh sanso show de dedication of de domestic support de team foster, in part by having chaw Catalan players promote as local stars.<ref name=":25">{{Cite book |title=FC Barcelona: history, politics and identity |date=2024 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-040-01352-6 |editor-last=O'Brien |editor-first=Jim |location=Abingdon, Oxon New York, N.Y |editor-last2=Ginesta |editor-first2=Xavier |editor-last3=San Eugenio |editor-first3=Jordi de}}</ref> De team move to de Johan Cruyff Stadium insyd 2019, wey locate insyd Sant Joan Despí, a town west of de city of Barcelona. Dem previously play at de Mini Estadi, next to de Camp Nou. Despite playing outsyd of de city, by 2022 de team average crowds four times larger dan wen dem play at de Mini Estadi. Na dis be attributed by Zubizarreta wey no be to de team cam be more successful, buh to de club dey treat de women's players equal to de men's insyd advertising den merchandising.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruszkai |first=Ameé |date=30 March 2022 |title='The start of a new era' – How Barcelona created a culture for the women's team to sell-out Camp Nou |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-created-culture-womens-team-sell-out-camp-nou/blt912940c2ab78d593 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131190453/https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-created-culture-womens-team-sell-out-camp-nou/blt912940c2ab78d593 |archive-date=31 January 2024 |access-date=31 January 2024 |website=Goal}}</ref> De travelling support give de team sanso grow insyd dis period, wey ESPN attribute as a post-COVID-19 development of fans wey dey want to follow de team insyd major away games.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 May 2024 |title=How Barcelona fans turned Bilbao into Camp Nou in UWCL final |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/40221335/how-barcelona-fans-turned-bilbao-camp-nou-uwcl-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527232231/https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/40221335/how-barcelona-fans-turned-bilbao-camp-nou-uwcl-final |archive-date=27 May 2024 |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> Insyd 2022, de audience give Barcelona Femení games sanso be more varied dan dat of de men's team, wich be suggested to be secof de fact de women's team no dey offer season tickets. De crowd give men's games mostly be season ticket holders den tourists wey buy last-minute remaining tickets, while na chaw tickets to women's games dem buy as part of four-ticket packs.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Bonals |first=Laia |date=22 December 2022 |title=El Barça masculí i el femení tenen públics diferents: per què? |url=https://www.ara.cat/esports/futbol-femeni/barca-masculi-femeni-tenen-publics-diferents_130_4581134.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221225023148/https://www.ara.cat/esports/futbol-femeni/barca-masculi-femeni-tenen-publics-diferents_130_4581134.html |archive-date=25 December 2022 |website=Ara.cat |language=ca}}</ref> == Rivalries == Na Barcelona Femení ein first rivalry be against local rivals Espanyol, against whom dem play dema first matches insyd 1971.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |date=24 December 2020 |title=FC Barcelona Women's Golden Anniversary |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1949097/fc-barcelona-womens-golden-anniversary |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250623133459/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1949097/fc-barcelona-womens-golden-anniversary |archive-date=23 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=en}}</ref> De first league match between dem, insyd 1988, result in a 2–2 draw; though chaw teams insyd de league at de time be from de Barcelona area, na de ''Derbi Femení'' still be a highlighted fixture.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bravo |first=Luis Javier |date=2012 |title=Peña Barcelonista Barcilona, primer campeón de Liga |url=https://www.furiaroja.com/femenina/cronicas_liga_femenina/primera_liga_femenina_88_89.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240715213225/https://www.furiaroja.com/femenina/cronicas_liga_femenina/primera_liga_femenina_88_89.html |archive-date=15 July 2024 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=Furia Roja}}</ref> Na de main rivalry give Barcelona Femení be Atlético Madrid, plus de two teams get similar prominence den success within Spain den Europe insyd de 2010s, as well as dem get playing styles wey contrast each oda.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=[[Sid Lowe|Lowe, Sid]] |date=12 March 2021 |title=The best team in Spain right now? The 18–0 Barca Women |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040519/https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=ESPN.com |publisher=[[ESPN]] |language=en}}</ref> Barcelona den Athletic Club Bilbao sanso share a rivalry insyd Spain insyd de 2000s den early 2010s, wey dey see large attendances at de San Mamés give dema matches. Insyd de 2012–13 season, Barcelona be at one stage 8 points behind Athletic before dem win de league on de last day at San Mamés.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cervelló Herrero |first=Laia |date=31 December 2013 |title=FC Barcelona Femenino 2013: un año de ensueño |url=https://www.vavel.com/es/futbol/2013/12/31/fc-barcelona/314923.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203190019/https://www.vavel.com/es/futbol/2013/12/31/fc-barcelona/314923.html |archive-date=3 December 2024 |access-date=11 February 2024 |website=VAVEL |language=es}}</ref> Na Barcelona, Atlético den Athletic be de first major professional women's teams insyd Spain, wey dey sustain league rivalries secof na dem be de three largest teams for quite some time. Na chaw oda large clubs (i.e. those plus historic men's teams) no incorporate women's sections til 2018 anaa later, so de oda women's teams prior to dis be smaller anaa independent.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cano Tenorio |first=Rafael |date=2018 |title=El desarrollo del fútbol femenino en el entorno digital: análisis de los contenidos publicados por los clubes en las web oficiales |url=https://idus.us.es/bitstream/handle/11441/87903/Pages%20from%20978-84-17270-83-4-4.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y |url-status=dead |journal=Feminismo, investigación y comunicación: Una aproximación plural a la representación de las mujeres |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323220007/https://idus.us.es/bitstream/handle/11441/87903/Pages%20from%20978-84-17270-83-4-4.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y |archive-date=23 March 2024 |access-date=10 February 2024 |via=[[University of Seville]]}}</ref> Real Madrid incorporate a women's section insyd 2020. After dema matches dat season, Losada dismiss de idea say na de teams get a rivalry: "''For me, it's not a clásico but on a media level it helps that at last they're in our league. Those who don't follow women's football might think it's a clásico; those that do, know it's not.''"<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=[[Sid Lowe|Lowe, Sid]] |date=12 March 2021 |title=The best team in Spain right now? The 18–0 Barca Women |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040519/https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=ESPN.com |publisher=[[ESPN]] |language=en}}</ref> Real Madrid improve insyd de following seasons, den though Barcelona do, too – na dem always beat Real Madrid by 2024 – staff den players at Barcelona say dat a stronger Real Madrid be important to keep up de competitive status of de league den for de global image of de game, plus [[Caroline Graham Hansen]] dey talk say "[''El Clásico''] be a big game, a game de whole world know wey e be important say e dey reflect de level insyd de women's game."<ref name=":21">{{Cite web |date=17 November 2023 |title=The gap is closing between Real Madrid and Barcelona in women's game ... and that's a good thing |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/38918927/women-clasico-real-madrid-closing-gap-barca-femeni |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120160056/https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/38918927/women-clasico-real-madrid-closing-gap-barca-femeni |archive-date=20 November 2023 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> Barcelona sanso get rivalries insyd de Champions League, wey dey include against Wolfsburg den Lyon, de latter of wich be champions insyd de first two finals Barcelona loose. After de first lost final, reaching Lyon ein level cam be an aspiration anaa "obsession" give Barcelona;<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=[[Sid Lowe|Lowe, Sid]] |date=12 March 2021 |title=The best team in Spain right now? The 18–0 Barca Women |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040519/https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=ESPN.com |publisher=[[ESPN]] |language=en}}</ref> na dem call Lyon Barcelona ein ''bestia negra'' ahead of Barcelona defeating dem for de first time insyd 2024.<ref name=":16">{{Cite web |last=Tikas |first=Maria |date=25 May 2024 |title=El Barça gana la Tercera en Bilbao y confirma un cambio de dinastía en Europa |url=https://www.sport.es/futbol-femenino-barca/barca-gana-tercera-bilbao-confirma-102901591 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250104190312/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/futbol-femenino/barca-gana-tercera-bilbao-confirma-102901591 |archive-date=4 January 2025 |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=Diario Sport |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2024 |title=A la tercera... cayó el Lyon: el Barça mantiene su reinado en Champions |url=https://www.relevo.com/futbol/champions-league-femenina/tercera-cayo-lyon-barca-mantiene-20240525195809-nt.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526000758/https://www.relevo.com/futbol/champions-league-femenina/tercera-cayo-lyon-barca-mantiene-20240525195809-nt.html |archive-date=26 May 2024 |access-date=26 May 2024 |website=Relevo |language=es}}</ref> == Seasons == === 1970–1980 === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="10" |League ! rowspan="2" |Catalan Cup ! colspan="2" |Top scorer |- !Tier !{{Tooltip|Div|Division}} !{{Tooltip|Pos|Position}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|Pld|Played}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|W|Won}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|Pts|Points}} !Name(s) !{{goal}} |- |[[1971–72 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1971–72''']] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|CC|Catalan Championship}} |4th |26 |17 |6 |3 |94 |14 |'''40''' | bgcolor="silver" |Runner-up | align="left" |[[Lolita Ortiz]] |26 |- |[[1973 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1973''']] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|CC|Catalan Championship}} | bgcolor="gold" |'''1st''' |13 |9 |3 |1 |26 |10 |'''21''' | rowspan="2" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | | |- |[[1974 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1974''']] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|CN|National Championship}} |6th |12 |3 |3 |6 |11 |21 |'''9''' | | |- |[[List of P.F. Barcelona matches 1975–76|1975–76]] | colspan="10" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | | | |- |[[1977–78 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1977–78''']] | colspan="10" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | | | |- |[[1978–79 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1978–79''']] | | | | | | | | | | | bgcolor="silver" |Runner-up | | |- |[[1979–80 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1979–80''']] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|CF|Women's Championship}} | bgcolor="silver" |2nd |12 |8 |3 |1 |28 |6 |'''19''' | | | |} === 1981–1988 === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="10" |League ! rowspan="2" |[[Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Cup]] ! rowspan="2" |[[Copa Catalunya Femenina#Copa Generalitat (1981–1990s)|Catalan Cup]] ! colspan="2" |Top scorer<ref>All goals scored in the league, including group (and play-offs) and final phases.</ref> |- !Tier !{{Tooltip|Div|Division}} !{{Tooltip|Pos|Position}} !{{Tooltip|Pld|Played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !{{Tooltip|Pts|Points}} !Name(s) !{{goal}} |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1981|1981]] |1 |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} | | | | | | | | | | | | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1981–82|1981–82]] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1982–83|1982–83]] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} | | | | | | | | | | | | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1983–84|1983–84]] |<!--bgcolor="gold" |1 --> | | | | | | | | | |Withdrawn | bgcolor="silver" |{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1984|ca|lt=Runner-up}} | | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1984–85|1984–85]] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} |{{interlanguage link|Lliga catalana de futbol femenina 1984-1985|ca|lt=3rd}} |10 |4 |3 |3 |23 |22 |'''11''' | — | bgcolor="gold" |'''{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1985|ca|lt=Champion}}''' | align="left" |[[Emilia Ibáñez Fernández|Emilia Ibáñez]] | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1985–86|1985–86]] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} |{{interlanguage link|Lliga catalana de futbol femenina 1985-1986|ca|lt=4th}} |24 |14 |5 |5 |111 |29 |'''33''' | — | bgcolor="silver" |{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1986|ca|lt=Runner-up}} | align="left" |[[Emilia Ibáñez Fernández|Emilia Ibàñez]] |40 |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1986–87|1986–87]] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} |{{interlanguage link|Lliga catalana de futbol femenina 1986-1987|ca|lt=4th}} |28 |18 |5 |3 |138 |31 |'''41'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hemeroteca - El Mundo Deportivo - Home |url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1987/05/22/pagina-22/1160318/pdf.html |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260107151256/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1987/05/22/pagina-22/1160318/pdf.html |archive-date=2026-01-07 |access-date=2026-08-04 |website=hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com |language=es}}</ref><!--After 26 games played: http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1987/04/03/pagina-20/1438517/pdf.html--> |— |{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1987|ca|lt=Semifinals}} | | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1987–88|1987–88]] | |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} |{{interlanguage link|Lliga catalana de futbol femenina 1987-1988|ca|lt=4th}} |14 |8 |1 |5 |36 |15 |'''17''' |— |{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1988|ca|lt=Round of 16}} | | |} === 1988–present === De RFEF recognised women's football insyd 1980; e found de official [[Liga F|Spanish League]] system wey dey begin insyd 1988. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="10" |League ! rowspan="2" align="center" |[[Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Cup]] ! rowspan="2" |[[Supercopa de España Femenina|Supercup]] ! rowspan="2" |[[Copa Catalunya (women's football)|Catalan Cup]] ! rowspan="2" align="center" |[[UEFA Women's Champions League|UWCL]] ! rowspan="2" align="center" |[[FIFA Women's Champions Cup|FWCC]] ! colspan="2" |Top scorer<ref name="Top scorer">All goals scored in [[La Liga]] or [[Segunda División]], including playoff games</ref> |- !Tier!!{{Tooltip|Div|Division}}!!{{Tooltip|Pos|Position}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|Pld|Played}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|Pts|Points}} !!Name(s) !!{{goal}} |- |'''[[1988–89 Club Femení Barcelona season|1988–89]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] ||[[1988–89 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|4th]]|| 16 || 7 || 6 || 3 || 30 || 25 ||'''20'''|| [[1989 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Withdrawn]] | rowspan="8" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | |{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1989|ca|lt=Quarterfinals}} | rowspan="13" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | rowspan="37" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1989–90 Club Femení Barcelona season|1989–90]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1989–90 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|5th]]|| 22 || 9 || 4 || 9 || 49 || 39 ||'''22'''|| Withdrawn |<!--Catalan Cup took place, uncertain if Barcelona participated. Barcelona Atlétic femenino did--> | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1990–91 FC Barcelona Femení season|1990–91]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1990–91 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|6th]] || 14 || 5 || 1 || 8 || 23 || 39 ||'''11'''|| bgcolor="silver" |{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1991|es|lt=Runner-up}} | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1991–92 FC Barcelona Femení season|1991–92]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="silver" | [[1991–92 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|2nd]] || 14 || 9 || 1 || 4 || 38 || 16 ||'''19'''||{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1992|es|lt=Semifinals}} | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1992–93 FC Barcelona Femení season|1992–93]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1992–93 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|3rd]] || 12 || 6 || 4 || 2 || 25 || 18 ||'''16'''||[[1993 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Round of 32]] | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1993–94 FC Barcelona Femení season|1993–94]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1993–94 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|3rd]] || 18 || 13 || 2 || 3 || 46 || 18 ||'''41'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1994|es|lt=Champion}}''' | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1994–95 FC Barcelona Femení season|1994–95]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1994–95 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|7th]] || 18 || 4 || 8 || 6 || 27 || 38 ||'''20'''||{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1995|es|lt=Round of 32}} | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1995–96 FC Barcelona Femení season|1995–96]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1995–96 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|8th]] || 16 || 5 || 1 || 10 || 24 || 34 ||'''16'''||{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1996|es|lt=Round of 16}} | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1996–97 FC Barcelona Femení season|1996–97]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 ||[[Primera División (women)|1ª]]|| [[1996–97 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|4th (Gr:3)]] || 26 || 20 || 1 || 5 || 103 || 28 ||'''61'''|| — || — | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1997–98 FC Barcelona Femení season|1997–98]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1997–98 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|2nd (Gr:3)]] || 26 || 20 || 3 || 2 || 137 || 25 ||'''63'''||{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1998|es|lt=First round}} || — | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1998–99 FC Barcelona Femení season|1998–99]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1998–99 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|5th (Gr:3)]] || 26 || 18 || 3 || 5 || 99 || 42 ||'''57'''|| — || — | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1999–2000 FC Barcelona Femení season|1999–00]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1999–2000 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|6th (Gr:3)]] || 24 || 13 || 2 || 9 || 64 || 29 ||'''41'''|| [[2000 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] || — | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2000–01 FC Barcelona Femení season|2000–01]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2000–01 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|4th (Gr:3)]] || 26 || 17 || 3 || 6 || 96 || 40 ||'''54'''|| [[2001 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|First round]] || rowspan="19" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | rowspan="5" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2001–02 FC Barcelona Femení season|2001–02]]''' | bgcolor="silver" |2 || [[Segunda División (women)|2ª]] || [[2001–02 Primera Nacional Femenina|1st (Gr:III)]] || 26 || 23 || 3 || 0 || 123 || 6 ||'''72'''|| [[2002 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | — | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2002–03 FC Barcelona Femení season|2002–03]]''' | bgcolor="silver" |2 || [[Segunda División (women)|2ª]] || [[2002–03 Primera Nacional Femenina|1st (Gr:III)]]|| 26 || 22 || 4 || 0 || 138 || 19 ||'''70'''|| [[2003 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | — | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2003–04 FC Barcelona Femení season|2003–04]]''' | bgcolor="silver" |2 || [[Segunda División (women)|2ª]] || bgcolor="#BBF3BB" | [[2003–04 Primera Nacional Femenina|1st (Gr:III)]] || 26 || 23 || 2 || 1 || 101 || 17 ||'''71'''|| [[2004 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | — | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2004–05 FC Barcelona Femení season|2004–05]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2004–05 Superliga Femenina|9th]] || 26 || 8 || 5 || 13 || 42 || 59 ||'''29'''|| [[2005 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | — | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2005–06 FC Barcelona Femení season|2005–06]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2005–06 Superliga Femenina|8th]] || 24 || 8 || 4 || 12 || 39 || 51 ||'''28'''||[[2006 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Quarterfinals]] | bgcolor="silver" | Runner-up | — | align="left" |{{flagicon|MEX}} [[Patricia Pérez (footballer)|Patricia Pérez]]||8 |- | '''[[2006–07 FC Barcelona Femení season|2006–07]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="#FFBBBB" | [[2006–07 Superliga Femenina|14th]] || 26 || 4 || 4 || 18 || 26 || 58 ||'''16'''|| [[2007 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | bgcolor="silver" | Runner-up | — | align="left" |[[Marta Unzué]]||6 |- | '''[[2007–08 FC Barcelona Femení season|2007–08]]'''|| bgcolor="silver" |2 ||[[Segunda División (women)|2ª]]|| bgcolor="#BBF3BB" | [[2007–08 Primera Nacional Femenina|1st (Gr:III)]] || 26 || 22 || 2 || 2 || 128 || 17 ||'''68'''|| [[2008 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | bgcolor="silver" | Runner-up | — | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2008–09 FC Barcelona Femení season|2008–09]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2008–09 Superliga Femenina|6th]] || 30 || 14 || 7 || 9 || 48 || 32 ||'''49'''||[[2009 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Semifinals]] | bgcolor="silver" | Runner-up | — | align="left" |[[Mari Paz Vilas]]||13 |- | '''[[2009–10 FC Barcelona Femení season|2009–10]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2009–10 Superliga Femenina|5th]]|| 26 || 13 || 4 || 9 || 42 || 29 ||'''43'''||[[2010 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Semifinals]] | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | — | align="left" |[[Marta Cubí]]||13 |- | '''[[2010–11 FC Barcelona Femení season|2010–11]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2010–11 Superliga Femenina|4th]]|| 28 || 15 || 5 || 8 || 53 || 26 ||'''50'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2011 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | — | align="left" |[[Olga García]] || 16 |- | '''[[2011–12 FC Barcelona Femení season|2011–12]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2011–12 Primera División (women)|1st]]'''|| 34 || 31 || 1 || 2 || 119 || 19 ||'''94'''||[[2012 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Semifinals]] | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | — | align="left" |[[Sonia Bermúdez (footballer)|Sonia Bermúdez]]|| 38 |- | '''[[2012–13 FC Barcelona Femení season|2012–13]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2012–13 Primera División (women)|1st]]'''|| 30 || 24 || 4 || 2 || 91 || 12 ||'''76'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2013 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''[[2012 Copa Catalunya (women's football)|Champion]]''' |[[2012–13 UEFA Women's Champions League|Round of 32]]|| align="left" |[[Sonia Bermúdez (footballer)|Sonia Bermúdez]]|| 20 |- | '''[[2013–14 FC Barcelona Femení season|2013–14]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2013–14 Primera División (women)|1st]]'''|| 30 || 25 || 4 || 1 || 82 || 11 ||'''79'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2014 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="silver" | [[2013 Copa Catalunya (women's football)|Runner-up]] |[[2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League|Quarterfinals]]|| align="left" |[[Sonia Bermúdez (footballer)|Sonia Bermúdez]]|| 28 |- | '''[[2014–15 FC Barcelona Femení season|2014–15]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2014–15 Primera División (women)|1st]]'''|| 30 || 25 || 2 || 3 || 93 || 9 ||'''77'''||[[2015 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Semifinals]] | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' |[[2014–15 UEFA Women's Champions League|Round of 16]]|| align="left" |[[Sonia Bermúdez (footballer)|Sonia Bermúdez]]|| 22 |- | '''[[2015–16 FC Barcelona Femení season|2015–16]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="silver" |[[2015–16 Primera División (women)|2nd]]|| 30 || 24 || 5 || 1 || 98 || 12 ||'''77'''|| bgcolor="silver" |[[2016 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Runner-up]] | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' |[[2015–16 UEFA Women's Champions League|Quarterfinals]]|| align="left" |[[Jennifer Hermoso]]|| 24 |- | '''[[2016–17 FC Barcelona Femení season|2016–17]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="silver" |[[2016–17 Primera División (women)|2nd]]|| 30 || 24 || 3 || 3 || 98 || 13 ||'''75'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2017 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League|Semifinals]]|| align="left" |[[Jennifer Hermoso]]|| 35 |- | '''[[2017–18 FC Barcelona Femení season|2017–18]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="silver" |[[2017–18 Primera División (women)|2nd]]|| 30 || 24 || 4 || 2 || 98 || 12 ||'''76'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2018 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' |[[2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League|Quarterfinals]]|| align="left" |[[Andressa Alves]] || 12 |- | '''[[2018–19 FC Barcelona Femení season|2018–19]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="silver" |[[2018–19 Primera División (women)|2nd]]|| 30 || 25 || 3 || 2 || 94 || 15 ||'''78'''||[[2018–19 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Semifinals]] | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | bgcolor="silver" |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League|Runner-up]]|| align="left" |[[Alexia Putellas]] || 16 |- | '''[[2019–20 FC Barcelona Femení season|2019–20]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2019–20 Primera División (women)|1st]]''' || 21 || 19 || 2 || 0 || 86 || 6 || '''59''' || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2019–20 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2019–20 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''{{interlanguage link|Copa Catalunya de futbol femenina 2019-2020|ca|lt=Champion}}''' || [[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League|Semifinals]] || align="left" |[[Jennifer Hermoso]]|| 23 |- | [[2020–21 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2020–21''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2020–21 Primera División (women)|1st]]''' || 34 || 33 || 0 || 1 || 167 || 15 || '''99''' || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2020–21 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | [[2020–21 Supercopa de España Femenina|Semifinals]] | rowspan="2" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League|Champion]]''' || align="left" | [[Jennifer Hermoso]]|| 31 |- | [[2021–22 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2021–22''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2021–22 Primera División (women)|1st]]''' || 30 || 30 || 0 || 0 || 159 || 11 || '''90''' || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2021–22 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2021–22 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="silver" |[[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League|Runner-up]] || align="left" | [[Asisat Oshoala]] || 20 |- | [[2022–23 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2022–23''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Liga F|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2022–23 Liga F|1st]]''' || 30 || 28 || 1 || 1 || 118 || 10 || '''85''' || [[2022–23 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Round of 16]] | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2022–23 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' || — | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League|Champion]]''' || align="left" | [[Asisat Oshoala]] || 21 |- | [[2023–24 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2023–24''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Liga F|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2023–24 Liga F|1st]]''' || 30 || 29 || 1 || 0 || 137 || 10 || '''88''' || bgcolor="gold" | '''[[2023–24 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2023–24 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' || [[2023 Copa Catalunya Femenina|—]] | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League|Champion]]''' || align="left" | [[Caroline Graham Hansen]] || 21 |- | [[2024–25 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2024–25''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Liga F|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2024–25 Liga F|1st]]''' || 30 || 28 || 0 || 2 || 128 || 16 || ''' 84 ''' || bgcolor="gold" | '''[[2024–25 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2024–25 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''[[2024–25 Copa Catalunya Femenina|Champion]]''' || bgcolor="silver" |[[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League|Runner-up]] || align="left" | [[Ewa Pajor]] || 25 |- |[[2025–26 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2025–26''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Liga F|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2025–26 Liga F|1st]]''' || 30 || 29 || 0 || 1 || 130 || 9 || '''87''' || bgcolor="gold" | '''[[2025–26 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2025–26 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' || [[2025–26 Copa Catalunya Femenina|—]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League|Champion]]''' || — || align="left" | [[Clàudia Pina]] || 21 |- |} == Record insyd UEFA Women's Champions League == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! width="250" |Competition ! width="30" |Pld ! width="30" |W ! width="30" |D ! width="30" |L ! width="30" |GF ! width="30" |GA ! width="30" |GD ! width="140" |Top Goalscorer(s) ! width="10" |Goals |- |[[UEFA Women's Champions League]] |111 |81 |10 |20 |309 |89 | +220 |[[Alexia Putellas]] |32 |} ''All results (away, home and aggregate) list FC Barcelona's goal tally first.'' ^f indicates the leg played first. {| class="wikitable" ! width="60" |Season !Round !Opponents !Away !Home !Aggregate !Scorers |- |[[2012–13 UEFA Women's Champions League|2012–13]] |[[2012–13 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[Arsenal L.F.C.|Arsenal]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–4 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–3 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |'''0–7''' | |- | rowspan="3" |[[2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League|2013–14]] |[[2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[Brøndby IF (women)|Brøndby]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |2–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |0–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |'''2–2''' ([[Away goals rule|a]]) |[[Marta Corredera|Corredera]], [[Jelena Čanković|Čanković]] |- |[[2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[FC Zürich Frauen|Zürich]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''6–1''' |[[Sonia Bermúdez (footballer)|Bermúdez]] (2), [[Vicky Losada|Losada]], [[Ruth García]], Corredera, Čanković |- |[[2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–3 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |'''0–5''' | |- | rowspan="2" |[[2014–15 UEFA Women's Champions League|2014–15]] |[[2014–15 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |{{flagicon|CZE}} [[SK Slavia Praha (women)|Slavia Prague]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–0''' |Ruth Garcia, [[Alexia Putellas|Putellas]], Bermúdez, [[Ana Romero|Romero]] |- |[[2014–15 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[Bristol City W.F.C.|Bristol Academy]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |'''1–2''' |Losada |- | rowspan="3" |[[2015–16 UEFA Women's Champions League|2015–16]] |[[2015–16 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[BIIK Kazygurt|Kazygurt]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–2''' |Ruth Garcia, [[Jennifer Hermoso|Hermoso]] (2), [[Melanie Serrano|Serrano]], [[Marta Unzué|Unzué]] |- |[[2015–16 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[FC Twente (women)|Twente]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''2–0''' |[[Olga García]] (2) |- |[[2015–16 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[Paris Saint-Germain Féminines|Paris Saint-Germain]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |0–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |'''0–1''' | |- | rowspan="4" |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League|2016–17]] |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[FC Minsk (women)|FC Minsk]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–1''' |Hermoso (3), [[Marta Torrejón|Torrejón]], [[Andressa Alves da Silva|Andressa Alves]] |- |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[FC Twente (women)|Twente]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–0''' |Hermoso, Torrejón, Andressa Alves, [[Bárbara Latorre|Latorre]], [[Ange N'Guessan (footballer, born 1990)|N'Guessan]] |- |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[FC Rosengård|Rosengård]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''3–0''' |[[Leila Ouahabi|Ouahabi]], Hermoso, [[Mariona Caldentey|Caldentey]] |- |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League#Semi-finals|Semi-final]] |[[Paris Saint-Germain Féminines|Paris Saint-Germain]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |1–3 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |'''1–5''' |Latorre |- | rowspan="3" |[[2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League|2017–18]] |[[2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[Avaldsnes IL|Avaldsnes]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''6–0''' |[[Lieke Martens|Martens]] (2), [[Toni Duggan|Duggan]], Andressa Alves, Caldentey, Losada |- |[[2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[Gintra Universitetas]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''9–0''' |[[Aitana Bonmatí|Bonmatí]], Caldentey (2), Duggan (2), Olga García, [[Nataša Andonova|Andonova]], [[Alexia Putellas|Putellas]], [[Ana Alekperova|Alekperova]] ([[Own goal|og]]) |- |[[2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[Olympique Lyonnais Féminin|Olympique Lyon]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |1–2 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |0–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |'''1–3''' |[[Patricia Guijarro|Guijarro]] |- | rowspan="5" |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League|2018–19]] |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[BIIK Kazygurt|Kazygurt]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |1–3 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–3''' |Duggan, Guijarro, Torrejón, Martens |- |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[Glasgow City F.C.|Glasgow City]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–0'''<ref>{{Cite web |author=Andrew Southwick |date=1 November 2018 |title=Glasgow City 0–3 Barcelona Femenino: Scottish champions' campaign over |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/46042737 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181104203714/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/46042737 |archive-date=4 November 2018 |access-date=5 November 2018 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> |[[Kheira Hamraoui|Hamraoui]], Bonmatí, Guijarro, Andressa Alves, [[Mapi León]], Duggan (2), Putellas |- |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[LSK Kvinner FK|Lillestrøm]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–0''' |Duggan (2), Caldentey, Martens |- |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League#Semi-finals|Semi-final]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[FC Bayern Munich (women)|Bayern Munich]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''2–0''' |Hamraoui, Caldentey |- | bgcolor="silver" |[[2019 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Budapest]]) | bgcolor="silver" |[[Olympique Lyonnais Féminin|Olympique Lyon]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="silver" |'''1–4''' |[[Asisat Oshoala|Oshoala]] |- | rowspan="4" |[[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League|2019–20]] |[[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |{{flagicon|Italy}} [[Juventus FC (women)|Juventus]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–1''' |Putellas (2), Torrejón, [[Stefanie van der Gragt|Van der Gragt]] |- |[[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[FC Minsk (women)|FC Minsk]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–1''' |Oshoala, Torrejón, Bonmatí (2), Hermoso, Putellas, Caldentey, Guijarro |- |[[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] ([[Bilbao]]) |[[Atlético Madrid Femenino|Atlético Madrid]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''1–0''' |Hamraoui |- |[[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League#Semi-finals|Semi-final]] ([[San Sebastián]]) |{{flagicon|GER}} [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |'''0–1''' | |- | rowspan="5" |[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League|2020–21]] |[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[PSV (women)|PSV]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–2''' |Martens (3), [[Caroline Graham Hansen|Graham Hansen]] (2), Hermoso, Oshoala, [[Mandy van den Berg|van den Berg]] (og) |- |[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[Fortuna Hjørring]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''9–0''' |Hermoso (3), Bonmatí (2), Putellas, Caldentey, Oshoala, Torrejón |- |[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[Manchester City W.F.C.|Manchester City]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |1–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–2''' |Oshoala (2), Caldentey, Hermoso |- |[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League#Semi-finals|Semi-final]] |[[Paris Saint-Germain Féminines|Paris Saint-Germain]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''3–2''' |Hermoso, Martens (2) |- | bgcolor="gold" |[[2021 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Gothenburg]]) | bgcolor="gold" |[[Chelsea F.C. Women|Chelsea]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="gold" |'''4–0''' |[[Melanie Leupolz|Leupolz]] (og), Putellas, Bonmatí, Graham Hansen |- | rowspan="6" |[[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League|2021–22]] | rowspan="3" |[[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League group stage|Group stage]] |[[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–1''' |Caldentey, Putellas, Oshoala, Martens, Bonmatí, Hermoso (2), [[Fridolina Rolfö|Rolfö]] |- |[[HB Køge (women)|Køge]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''7–0''' |Rolfö (2), Hermoso, Ouahabi, Putellas, [[Ingrid Syrstad Engen|Engen]], Martens |- |{{flagicon|GER}} [[TSG 1899 Hoffenheim (women)|1899 Hoffenheim]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''9–0''' |Hermoso, Putellas (3), Torrejón (2), [[Irene Paredes|Paredes]], Bonmatí, [[Ana-Maria Crnogorčević|Crnogorčević]] |- |[[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[Real Madrid Femenino|Real Madrid]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–3''' |Putellas (3), [[Clàudia Pina|Pina]] (2), Mapi León, Bonmatí, Graham Hansen |- |[[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League#Semi-finals|Semi-final]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |0–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–3''' |Bonmatí, Graham Hansen, Hermoso, Putellas (2) |- | bgcolor="silver" |[[2022 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ({{flagicon|ITA}} [[Turin]]) | bgcolor="silver" |[[Olympique Lyonnais Féminin|Olympique Lyon]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="silver" |'''1–3''' |Putellas |- | rowspan="6" |[[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League|2022–23]] | rowspan="3" |[[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League group stage#Group D|Group stage]] |[[S.L. Benfica (women)|Benfica]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |9–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''15–2''' |Guijarro, Bonmatí (2), Oshoala (2), Caldentey (2), Crnogorčević (2), [[Geyse]] (2), Pina (2), Paredes, [[Ana Seiça|Seiça]] (og) |- |[[FC Rosengård|Rosengård]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''10–1''' |Bonmatí (2), Caldentey (2), Oshoala (2), Mapi León, Rolfö, Torrejón, Paredes |- |{{flagicon|GER}} [[FC Bayern Munich (women)|Bayern Munich]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |1–3 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–3''' |Geyse (2), Bonmatí, Pina |- |[[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |{{flagicon|ITA}} [[A.S. Roma (women)|Roma]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''6–1''' |[[Salma Paralluelo|Paralluelo]], Rolfö (2), Mapi León, Oshoala, Guijarro |- |[[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]] |[[Chelsea F.C. Women|Chelsea]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''2–1''' |Graham Hansen (2) |- | bgcolor="gold" |[[2023 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Eindhoven]]) | bgcolor="gold" |{{flagicon|GER}} [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="gold" |'''3–2''' |Guijarro (2), Rolfö |- | rowspan="6" |[[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League|2023–24]] | rowspan="3" |[[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League group stage#Group A|Group stage]] |[[S.L. Benfica (women)|Benfica]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |4–4 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''9–4''' |Putellas (2), Bonmatí (2), Oshoala, Graham Hansen, Guijarro, [[Lucy Bronze|Bronze]] |- |{{flagicon|GER}} [[Eintracht Frankfurt (women)|Eintracht Frankfurt]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–1''' |Paralluelo (2), Caldentey, Guijarro, Graham Hansen |- |[[FC Rosengård|Rosengård]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |7–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''13–0''' |[[Jessica Wik|Wik]] (og)(2), Paralluelo (3), Guijarro, Bonmatí, Caldentey, [[Martina Fernández|Martina]], [[Keira Walsh|Walsh]], Graham Hansen, Pina, Torrejón |- |[[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[SK Brann Kvinner|Brann]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–2''' |Graham Hansen, Paralluelo, Bonmatí, Rolfö, Guijarro |- |[[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]] |[[Chelsea F.C. Women|Chelsea]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |0–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''2–1''' |Bonmatí, Rolfö |- | bgcolor="gold" |[[2024 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Bilbao]]) | bgcolor="gold" |[[Olympique Lyonnais Féminin|Olympique Lyon]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="gold" |'''2–0''' |Bonmatí, Putellas |- | rowspan="6" |[[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League|2024–25]] | rowspan="3" |[[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League group stage#Group D|Group stage]] |[[Manchester City W.F.C.|Manchester City]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–2 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''3–2''' |Pina, Bonmatí, Putellas |- |[[Hammarby Fotboll (women)|Hammarby]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |9–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''12–0''' |Graham Hansen (2), Pina (2), Putellas, Mapi León, [[Ewa Pajor|Pajor]] (3), [[Esmee Brugts|Brugts]], Rolfö, Bonmatí |- |[[SKN St. Pölten (women)|St. Pölten]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |7–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''11–1''' |Pajor, [[Kika Nazareth|Nazareth]] (3), Bonmatí, Walsh, Pina (2), Graham Hansen, [[Vicky López|López]], Putellas |- |[[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''10–2''' |[[Caitlin Dijkstra|Dijkstra]] (og), Paredes, Paralluelo (3), [[Sydney Schertenleib|Schertenleib]], Brugts, Pina (2), Mapi León |- |[[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]] |[[Chelsea F.C. Women|Chelsea]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–2''' |Pajor (2), Pina (3), Paredes, Bonmatí, Paralluelo |- | bgcolor="silver" |[[2025 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Lisbon]]) | bgcolor="silver" |[[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="silver" |'''0–1''' | |- | rowspan="9" |[[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League|2025–26]] | rowspan="6" |[[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League league phase|League phase]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[FC Bayern Munich (women)|Bayern Munich]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |7–1 | rowspan="6" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''1st''' |Putellas, Pajor (2), Brugts, Paralluelo, Pina (2) |- |{{flagicon|ITA}} [[AS Roma (women)|Roma]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | |Brugts, Nazareth, Putellas, Graham Hansen |- |[[Oud-Heverlee Leuven (women)|OH Leuven]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 |Putellas, [[Kim Everaerts|Everaerts]] (og), Paredes |- |[[Chelsea F.C. Women|Chelsea]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | |Pajor |- |[[S.L. Benfica (women)|Benfica]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 |Pajor, [[Christy Ucheibe|Ucheibe]] (og), [[Laia Aleixandri|Aleixandri]] |- |[[Paris FC (women)|Paris FC]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | |López, Graham Hansen |- |[[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[Real Madrid Femenino|Real Madrid]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–2 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''12–2''' |Pajor (3), Brugts (2), Paredes (2), López, Putellas (2), Graham Hansen (2) |- |[[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[FC Bayern Munich (women)|Bayern Munich]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–3''' |Pajor (2), Paralluelo, Putellas (2) |- | bgcolor="gold" |[[2026 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Oslo]]) | bgcolor="gold" |[[OL Lyonnes|Lyon]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="gold" |'''4–0''' |Pajor (2), Paralluelo (2) |} == Honours == === Official === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="font-size:95%; text-align:center;" |+FC Barcelona Femení honours<ref>{{cite web|title=Barça Women honours|url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/honours|work=FC Barcelona|access-date=2025-10-07|archive-date=11 October 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251011120703/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/honours|url-status=live}}</ref> !style="width:5"|Type !style="width:5"|Competition !style="width:5"|Titles !style="width:5"|Winning Seasons !style="width:5"|Runners-up |- |rowspan="4" |'''Domestic''' ! scope=col|[[Liga F]] |bgcolor="gold"|'''11''' |align="left"|[[2011–12 Primera División (women)|2011–12]], [[2012–13 Primera División (women)|2012–13]], [[2013–14 Primera División (women)|2013–14]], [[2014–15 Primera División (women)|2014–15]], [[2019–20 Primera División (women)|2019–20]], [[2020–21 Primera División (women)|2020–21]], [[2021–22 Primera División (women)|2021–22]], [[2022–23 Liga F|2022–23]], [[2023–24 Liga F|2023–24]], [[2024–25 Liga F|2024–25]], [[2025–26 Liga F|2025–26]] |align="left"|[[1991–92 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|1991–92]], [[2015–16 Primera División (women)|2015–16]], [[2016–17 Primera División (women)|2016–17]], [[2017–18 Primera División (women)|2017–18]], [[2018–19 Primera División (women)|2018–19]] |- ! scope=col|[[Copa de la Reina]] |bgcolor="gold"|'''12''' |align="left"|{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1994|es|lt=1994}}, [[2011 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2011]], [[2013 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2013]], [[2014 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2014]], [[2017 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2017]], [[2018 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2018]], [[2019–20 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2019–20]], [[2020–21 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2020–21]], [[2021–22 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2021–22]], [[2023–24 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2023–24]], [[2024–25 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2024–25]], [[2025–26 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2025–26]] |align="left"|{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1991|es|lt=1991}}, [[2016 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2016]] |- ! scope=col|[[Supercopa de España Femenina]] |bgcolor="gold"|'''6''' |align="left"|[[2019–20 Supercopa de España Femenina|2019–20]], [[2021–22 Supercopa de España Femenina|2021–22]], [[2022–23 Supercopa de España Femenina|2022–23]], [[2023–24 Supercopa de España Femenina|2023–24]], [[2024–25 Supercopa de España Femenina|2024–25]], [[2025–26 Supercopa de España Femenina|2025–26]] |align="left"| |- ! scope=col|[[Primera Nacional de Fútbol (women)|Segunda División]] (Group III) |bgcolor="gold"|'''4''' |align="left"|2001–02, 2002–03, 2003–04, 2007–08 | |- |'''Continental''' ! scope=col|[[UEFA Women's Champions League]] |align="center"|'''4''' |align="left"|[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League|2020–21]], [[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League|2022–23]], [[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League|2023–24]], [[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League|2025–26]] |align="left"|[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League|2018–19]], [[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League|2021–22]], [[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League|2024–25]] |- |- | rowspan="2" |'''Regional''' ! scope=col|[[Copa Catalunya (women's football)|Copa Catalunya Femenina]] |bgcolor="gold"|'''11''' |align="left"|2009, 2010, 2011, [[2012 Copa Catalunya (women's football)|2012]], 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, {{interlanguage link|Copa Catalunya de futbol femenina 2019–2020|ca|lt=2019}}, [[2024–25 Copa Catalunya Femenina|2024–25]] |align="left"|2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, [[2013 Copa Catalunya (women's football)|2013]] |- ! scope=col|[[Copa Catalunya Femenina#Copa Generalitat/Copa Catalana (1981–2000)|Copa Generalitat/Copa Catalana]] |bgcolor="gold"|'''4''' |align="left"|{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1985|ca|lt=1985}},<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barça Women won the first official title in their history 35 years ago |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1699636/barca-women-won-the-first-official-title-in-their-history-35-years-ago |date=28 June 2020 |website=FC Barcelona |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015140559/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1699636/barca-women-won-the-first-official-title-in-their-history-35-years-ago |archive-date= 15 October 2023 }}</ref> 1991–92, 1994–95, 1999–2000<ref name="Palmares26">{{cite web |date=5 May 2026 |title=El Palmarès de la Copa Catalunya femenina |url=https://www.fcf.cat/noticia/el-palmares-de-la-copa-catalunya-femenina/05/05/2026 |website=Catalan Football Federation |language=ca |access-date=21 June 2026 |archive-date=14 July 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260714115127/https://www.fcf.cat/noticia/el-palmares-de-la-copa-catalunya-femenina/05/05/2026 |url-status=live }}</ref> |align="left"|{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1984|ca|lt=1984}}, {{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1986|ca|lt=1986}} |} * {{legend|gold|Record}} * {{sup|S}} Shared record === Invitational === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="font-size:95%; text-align:center;" !Competition !Titles !Seasons |- ! scope=col|[[Joan Gamper Trophy#Women's Gamper Trophy|Joan Gamper Trophy]] |align="center" bgcolor="gold"|'''4''' | [[2021–22 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and Friendlies|2021]], [[2022–23 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and friendlies|2022]], [[2023–24 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and friendlies|2023]], [[2024–25 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and friendlies|2024]] |- ! scope=col|[[COTIF Women's Football Tournament]] |align="center"|'''1''' | [[COTIF Women's Football Tournament#2014|2014]] |- ! scope=col|[[Teide Trophy]] |align="center"|'''1''' | [[2022–23 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and friendlies|2022]] |- ! scope=col|[[Sport Mundi Tournament]] |align="center"|'''0''' | [[2008–09 FC Barcelona Femení season#Sport Mundi Tournament|2008]] (2º), [[2009–10 FC Barcelona Femení season#Torneig Sport Mundi|2009]] (2º) |- ! scope=col|[[Pyrénées International Women's Cup]] |align="center"|'''0''' | [[Pyrénées International Women's Cup#2010|2010]] (2º), [[Pyrénées International Women's Cup#2012|2012]] (2º) |- ! scope=col|[[Valais Women's Cup]] |align="center"|'''0''' | [[Valais Women's Cup#2014|2014]] (3º) |- ! scope=col|[[Women's International Champions Cup]] |align="center"|'''0''' | [[2021 Women's International Champions Cup|2021]] (3º) |- ! scope=col|{{interlanguage link|Women's French Cup|fr|lt=AMOS Women's French Cup}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Le site Officiel du tournoi de la Amos Womens' French Cup 2022 – Accueil du site de la quatrième édition |url=https://womensfrenchcup.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206041917/https://womensfrenchcup.com/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |website=womensfrenchcup.com}}</ref> |align="center"|'''0''' | [[2022–23 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and friendlies|2022]] (3º) |- |} ===Odas awards=== {| class="wikitable" ! style="background:#26559B; color:#FFF000; {{box-shadow border|a|#C32148|2px}}" |Award ! style="background:#26559B; color:#FFF000; {{box-shadow border|a|#C32148|2px}}" |Year(s) ! style="background:#26559B; color:#FFF000; {{box-shadow border|a|#C32148|2px}}" |Ref.(s) |- | [[Mundo Deportivo|Gala de Fútbol Femenino]] – Extraordinary Award: Record Attendance | 2022 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2022 |title=FC Barcelona shines at Mundo Deportivo European Women's Football Gala |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2873469/fc-barcelona-shines-at-mundo-deportivo-european-womens-football-gala |access-date=25 October 2022 |website=FC Barcelona |archive-date=24 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221024213029/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2873469/fc-barcelona-shines-at-mundo-deportivo-european-womens-football-gala |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | [[Royal Spanish Football Federation|Golsmedia FutbolFest Awards]] – SuperCampeonas 2022 Award: Best Women's Football Club |[[2021–22 FC Barcelona Femení season|2021–22]] | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Barça Women honoured at the 2022 Golsmedia awards ceremony |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2898277/barca-women-honoured-at-the-2022-golsmedia-awards-ceremony |access-date=11 November 2022 |website=FC Barcelona |archive-date=11 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221111014649/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2898277/barca-women-honoured-at-the-2022-golsmedia-awards-ceremony |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | [[IFFHS World's Best Club#Women's winners|IFFHS Women's World's Best Club]] | 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web|date=14 January 2022|title=IFFHS AWARDS – WOMEN'S WORLD BEST CLUB 2021|url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-awards-womens-world-best-club-2021-1584|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220114143139/https://www.iffhs.com/posts/1584|archive-date=14 January 2022|access-date=14 January 2022|website=IFFHS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=26 January 2023|title=IFFHS WOMEN'S CLUB WORLD RANKING 2022|url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-club-world-ranking-2022-2501|access-date=26 January 2023|website=IFFHS|archive-date=14 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220114143139/https://www.iffhs.com/posts/2501|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=14 May 2023 |title=THE IFFHS AWARD 2022 FOR FC BARCELONA |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/the-iffhs-award-2022-for-fc-barcelona-2742 |access-date=14 May 2023 |website=IFFHS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=6 January 2024 |title=IFFHS Women's Club World Ranking 2023: Barcelona always ! |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-club-world-ranking-2023-3303 |access-date=6 January 2024 |website=IFFHS |archive-date=26 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526204622/https://iffhs.com/posts/3303 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 January 2025 |title=IFFHS AWARDS 2024 – FC BARCELONA, WOMEN'S WORLD BEST CLUB |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-awards-2024-fc-barcelona-womens-world-best-club-4105 |access-date=8 January 2025 |website=IFFHS |archive-date=30 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251130182010/https://iffhs.com/posts/4105 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2025 |title=IFFHS AWARDS 2024 IN BARCELONA |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-awards-2024-in-barcelona-4189 |access-date=12 February 2025 |website=IFFHS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2026 |title=IFFHS WOMEN'S CLUB WORLD RANKING 2025 |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-club-world-ranking-2025-4847 |access-date=8 January 2026 |website=IFFHS |archive-date=11 January 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260111060002/https://iffhs.com/posts/4847 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | [[IFFHS World's Best Club#Continental rankings (women)|IFFHS Women's UEFA Best Club]] | 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 January 2022 |title=IFFHS WOMEN'S CONTINENTAL CLUBS AND LEAGUES 2021 – UEFA |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-continental-clubs-and-leagues-2021-uefa-1600 |website=IFFHS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 February 2023 |title=IFFHS Women's Club Continental Ranking 2022 – UEFA |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-club-continental-rankings-2022-uefa-2523 |website=IFFHS |access-date=8 May 2024 |archive-date=13 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240413151752/https://iffhs.com/posts/2523 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2024 |title=IFFHS Women's Club Continental Ranking 2023 – FC BARCELONA THE FIRST IN UEFA |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-club-continental-ranking-2023-uefa-3315 |access-date=12 January 2024 |website=IFFHS |archive-date=12 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240112192200/https://iffhs.com/posts/3315 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | ''[[:es:Panenka (revista)|Panenka]]'' Premi Antonín del Año – Cultural values in Spanish football | 2022 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 February 2023 |title=El FC Barcelona Femení, guardonat a la gala Panenka |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/futbol/femeni-a/noticies/3052444/el-fc-barcelona-femeni-guardonat-a-la-gala-panenka |access-date=7 February 2023 |website=FC Barcelona |language=ca}}</ref> |- | Premio Culer Femenino | 2023 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |date=30 May 2023 |title=El Barça de fútbol femenino, premio 'Culer femenino' |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/barca-futbol-femenino-premio-culer-88066266 |access-date=5 June 2023 |website=Sport |language=es |archive-date=5 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605152610/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/barca-futbol-femenino-premio-culer-88066266 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=El primer equipo masculino, premio Culer del Año en una gala 100% azulgrana |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/club/noticias/3501033/el-primer-equipo-masculino-premio-culer-del-ano-en-una-gala-100-azulgrana |access-date=5 June 2023 |website=FC Barcelona |language=es |archive-date=5 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605152607/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/club/noticias/3501033/el-primer-equipo-masculino-premio-culer-del-ano-en-una-gala-100-azulgrana |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |[[Medalla d'Honor del Parlament de Catalunya]] |2023 | style="text-align:center" |<ref name=":42">{{Cite web |date=25 July 2023 |title=Medalla de oro del Parlament para el Barça femenino |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20230725/1002043458/medalla-oro-parlament-barca-femenino.html |access-date=29 July 2023 |website=Mundo Deportivo |language=es |archive-date=29 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230729224332/https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20230725/1002043458/medalla-oro-parlament-barca-femenino.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |[[Ballon d'Or#Additional awards|Ballon d'Or – Women's Club of the Year]] |[[2023 Ballon d'Or#Women's Club of the Year|2023]], [[2024 Ballon d'Or#Women's Club of the Year|2024]] | style="text-align:center" |<ref name=":17">{{Cite web |date=30 October 2023 |title=Barça, best women's team of 2023 |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/3761460/barca-best-womens-team-of-2023 |access-date=31 October 2023 |website=FC Barcelona |archive-date=31 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031050746/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/3761460/barca-best-womens-team-of-2023 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":18">{{Cite news |date=30 October 2023 |title=Ballon d'Or 2023 : le Barça sacré club féminin de l'année |trans-title=Ballon d'Or 2023: Barça crowned women's club of the year |url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Ballon-d-or-2023-le-barca-sacre-club-feminin-de-l-annee/1428906 |access-date=31 October 2023 |work=[[L'Équipe]] |language=fr |archive-date=30 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030203035/https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Ballon-d-or-2023-le-barca-sacre-club-feminin-de-l-annee/1428906 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ballon d'Or 2024 : le FC Barcelone sacré club féminin de l'année (Foot) |trans-title=Ballon d'Or 2024: FC Barcelona crowned women's club of the year (Football) |url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Le-fc-barcelone-sacre-club-feminin-de-l-annee-au-ballon-d-or-2024/1516900 |access-date=11 November 2024 |website=L'Équipe |language=fr |archive-date=30 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130162534/https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Le-fc-barcelone-sacre-club-feminin-de-l-annee-au-ballon-d-or-2024/1516900 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |Football Content Awards – Best Football Club, Women's Football Gold Award |2023 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cooper |first=Anthony |date=17 November 2023 |title=Winners of the Football Content Awards 2023 |url=https://footballcontentawards.com/2023/11/17/winners-of-the-football-content-awards-2023/ |access-date=20 November 2023 |website=Football Content Awards |language=en |archive-date=20 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120143434/https://footballcontentawards.com/2023/11/17/winners-of-the-football-content-awards-2023/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |[[Globe Soccer Awards|Globe Soccer Awards – Best Women's Club of the Year]] |[[Globe Soccer Awards#2021|2021]], [[Globe Soccer Awards#2023|2023]], [[Globe Soccer Awards#2024 – Europe Edition|2024 (Eu)]], [[Globe Soccer Awards#2024|2024]], [[Globe Soccer Awards#2025|2025]] | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 December 2021 |title=F.C. Barcelona: Best Women's Club of the Year |url=https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/f-c-barcelona-best-womens-club-of-the-year-2021/ |access-date=18 February 2025 |website=Globe Soccer |archive-date=22 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250422092130/https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/f-c-barcelona-best-womens-club-of-the-year-2021/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=19 January 2024 |title=F.C. Barcelona: Best Women's Club |url=https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2023/ |access-date=18 February 2025 |website=Globe Soccer |archive-date=13 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250213022435/https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2023/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=29 May 2024 |title=F.C. Barcelona: BEST WOMEN'S CLUB |url=https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/f-c-barcelona-best-womens-club-2024/ |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Globe Soccer |archive-date=29 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529122257/https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/f-c-barcelona-best-womens-club-2024/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 December 2024 |title=FC Barcelona: Best Women's Club – Silversands |url=https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2024/ |access-date=18 February 2025 |website=Globe Soccer |archive-date=13 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250213025808/https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2024/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=28 December 2025 |title=FC Barcelona: Best Women's Club – AGMC |url=https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2025/ |access-date=8 January 2026 |website=Globe Soccer |archive-date=19 January 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260119054021/https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2025/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |[[World Soccer (magazine)#Women's World Team of the Year|World Soccer Magazine – Women's World Team of the Year]] |2021, 2024 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite magazine |magazine=World Soccer |date=January 2022 |page=53 |title=2021 Winners}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|magazine=[[World Soccer (magazine)|World Soccer]]|date=January 2025|page=31|title=2024 winners}}</ref> |} == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{Official website}} {{in lang|ca}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Barcelona (women)}} [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení| ]] [[Category:FC Barcelona]] [[Category:Women's football clubs insyd Spain]] [[Category:1970 establishments insyd Catalonia]] [[Category:Football clubs insyd Barcelona]] [[Category:Liga F clubs]] [[Category:Women's sport insyd Catalonia]] 4kih0ao21pby5tnvy6nyaikfbfa5vo5 109033 109032 2026-08-04T17:05:09Z DaSupremo 9 /* Records */ Improve article 109033 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Futbol Club Barcelona Femení''', dem commonly refer to as '''Barça Femení''' ((Catalan pronunciation: &#x5B;ˈbaɾsə fəməˈni&#x5D;)<ref>{{cite web |date=29 May 2022 |title=El Barça Femení es proclama campió de la Copa de la Reina enderrocant l'Sporting de Huelva (6–1) |url=https://www.elnacional.cat/ca/esports/barca-femeni-campio-copa-reina-enderrocant-sporting-huelva-6-1_764826_102.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826033107/https://www.elnacional.cat/ca/esports/barca-femeni-campio-copa-reina-enderrocant-sporting-huelva-6-1_764826_102.html |archive-date=26 August 2022 |access-date=26 August 2022 |publisher=El Nacional |language=ca}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=30 March 2022 |title=El Barça Femení goleja al Madrid i fa història amb el rècord mundial d'assistència de públic |url=https://www.publico.es/public/barca-femeni-goleja-madrid-i-fa-historia-amb-record-mundial-d-assistencia-public.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826033109/https://www.publico.es/public/barca-femeni-goleja-madrid-i-fa-historia-amb-record-mundial-d-assistencia-public.html |archive-date=26 August 2022 |access-date=26 August 2022 |publisher=Público.es |language=ca}}</ref> anaa simply '''Barça''', be a Spanish professional women's football team wey base insyd Barcelona, Catalonia. E be de women's football section of FC Barcelona den dey compete insyd de Liga F, de top tier of Spanish women's football, wey dey play home games at de Johan Cruyff Stadium insyd Sant Joan Despí, den occasionally at de Camp Nou anaa Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys. Dem form de club insyd 1970 plus sam financial den logistical support from FC Barcelona, buh widout e be an official section. Insyd ein inaugural season e compete insyd matches against oda Catalan teams; na originally be known as '''Selecció Ciutat de Barcelona''' before e take de name '''Peña Femenina Barcelonista''' insyd 1971. Shortly after dem officially recognize women's football insyd Spain, de team cam be known as '''Club Femení Barcelona''' insyd 1983 til 2002, wen e officially cam be a section of FC Barcelona wey e take de official name Futbol Club Barcelona. Domestically, Barcelona Femení be de most successful Spanish women's team, plus eleven league titles, twelve Copas de la Reina, den six Supercopas, as well as eleven Copas Catalunyas. E sanso win de previous second tier of Spanish women's football a record four times after e battle relegation den fighting for promotion thru out de 2000s. Since de club ein professionalisation insyd 2015, Barcelona cement einself as Spain ein dominant women's football team, wey e cam be de league ein most successful team insyd de UEFA Women's Champions League, den one of de most successful women's football teams insyd Europe. E win de Champions League insyd 2021, 2023, 2024 den 2026; plus ein first Champions League title, Barcelona cam be de first (den only) Spanish women's team to complete a continental treble, den plus ein third Champions League win, dem cam be de first (den only) Spanish women's team to complete a continental quadruple.<ref name=":19">{{Cite web |last=Rodergas |first=Clara |date=26 May 2024 |title=Històriques i eternes |url=https://www.lesportiudecatalunya.cat/barca/article/2421868-historiques-i-eternes.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526001615/https://www.lesportiudecatalunya.cat/barca/article/2421868-historiques-i-eternes.html |archive-date=26 May 2024 |access-date=26 May 2024 |website=L'Esportiu de Catalunya |language=ca}}</ref> == History == === 1970s: Beginnings === Women's football insyd Spain, particularly Barcelona, get a certain level of popularity insyd de 1960s, buh na e be amateur, unofficial den technically banned.<ref name="Alcalde 20202">{{cite journal |last1=Alcalde |first1=Maria Dolors Ribalta |last2=Martí |first2=Xavier Pujadas |date=22 January 2020 |title=Women, Football, and Francoism: Lesbians and the Formation of Social Networks through Women's Football in Barcelona, 1970–1979 |url=https://cogentoa.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09523367.2020.1722646 |url-status=dead |journal=The International Journal of the History of Sport |volume=37 |issue=1–2 |pages=94–112 |doi=10.1080/09523367.2020.1722646 |hdl=20.500.14342/4153 |s2cid=214040923 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220803184756/https://cogentoa.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09523367.2020.1722646 |archive-date=3 August 2022 |via=cogentoa.tandfonline.com (Atypon) |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Na de "embryo" of Barcelona Femení be de Selecció Ciutat de Barcelona, dem form insyd November 1970.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Oinam |first=Jayanta |date=13 August 2023 |title=Camp Nou and the world record attendance for a women's match |url=https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/articles/camp-nou-and-the-world-record-attendance-for-a-womens-match |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121061027/https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/articles/camp-nou-and-the-world-record-attendance-for-a-womens-match |archive-date=21 November 2023 |access-date=31 January 2024 |website=FIFA}}</ref><ref name=":022">{{Cite web |date=24 December 2020 |title=FC Barcelona Women's Golden Anniversary |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1949097/fc-barcelona-womens-golden-anniversary |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250623133459/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1949097/fc-barcelona-womens-golden-anniversary |archive-date=23 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=en}}</ref> Insyd at least as early as de 1960s, FC Barcelona get women's teams play insyd exhibition games at de Camp Nou; de club no dey consider dese as antecedents to ein current women's team as na dem "[be] teams wey be created only for dat occasion, unlike Selecció Ciutat [de Barcelona], wich na dem create plus de idea of continuity den dey lay de groundwork for a future project."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barça Women return to Camp Nou 50 years after first game played by pioneers |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.fr/fr/actualites/1945516/barca-women-return-to-camp-nou-50-years-after-first-game-played-by-pioneers |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304132731/https://www.fcbarcelona.fr/fr/actualites/1945516/barca-women-return-to-camp-nou-50-years-after-first-game-played-by-pioneers |archive-date=4 March 2024 |access-date=4 March 2024 |website=Fcbarcelona.fr |language=en}}</ref> Upon Barcelona announcing Selecció Barcelona as ein new women's team, ''El Noticiero Universal'' report say de club almost pioneer women's football insyd Spain "chaw years earlier", having gone so far as to organise a game wey dem no fi be played for reasons beyond dema control.<ref>{{Cite news|date=18 November 1970|title=El Barcelona crea equipo femenino|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1584759|work=El Noticiero Universal|pages=28|via=[[Library of Catalonia]]|archive-date=8 April 2024|access-date=8 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240408022255/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1584759|url-status=live}}</ref> Dem create de team after footballer Immaculada Cabecerán approach de club plus de proposition insyd November 1970; de resulting team get continuity to de present. De Selecció Barcelona play dema first match on Christmas Day 1970, winning on penalties against Unió Esportiva Centelles in front of a crowd of around 60,000 people.<ref name=":022" /> Although na de team no be officially part of de club structure, na e be de first match wey a women's team play formally associated plus FC Barcelona (then dem know as CF Barcelona). De women's team then change ein name to Penya Femenina Barça (Peña Femenina Barcelonista) insyd early 1971,<ref name=":022" /> quickly be cam very popular,<ref name=":23">{{Cite news|date=5 January 1971|title=C. D. UNIVERSITARIO – SELECCION DE BARCELONA DE FUTBOL FEMENINO, MAÑANA EN LA CIUDAD UNIVERSITARIA|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1584797|work=El Noticiero Universal|pages=24|archive-date=27 November 2024|access-date=8 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127070438/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1584797|url-status=live}}</ref> wey dem play more matches at de Camp Nou plus large crowds.<ref name=":022" /> PF Barcelona wear de club ein ''blaugrana'' strip from 1971, widout de crest.<ref>{{Cite web |last=esport3 |date=20 December 2021 |title=El Barça es planteja jugar al Camp Nou la tornada de la Champions contra el Madrid |url=https://www.ccma.cat/esport3/el-barca-es-planteja-jugar-al-camp-nou-la-tornada-de-la-champions-contra-el-madrid/noticia/3136183/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304132327/https://www.ccma.cat/esport3/el-barca-es-planteja-jugar-al-camp-nou-la-tornada-de-la-champions-contra-el-madrid/noticia/3136183/ |archive-date=4 March 2024 |access-date=4 March 2024 |website=CCMA |language=ca}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=RCD Espanyol – History |url=https://www.rcdespanyol.com/en/history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304132149/https://www.rcdespanyol.com/en/history |archive-date=4 March 2024 |access-date=4 March 2024 |website=www.rcdespanyol.com}}</ref> Na dem be runner-up insyd de first cup competition insyd Catalonia, insyd 1971,<ref>{{Cite web |title=49 years since first women's football final in Catalonia |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1649703/49-years-since-first-womens-football-final-in-catalonia |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215140300/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1649703/49-years-since-first-womens-football-final-in-catalonia |archive-date=15 December 2023 |access-date=23 April 2024 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |language=en}}</ref> before winning de Catalonia-based league insyd 1973.<ref>{{cite news|date=21 February 1974|title=FUTBOL FEMENINO|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1974/02/21/pagina-6/1001474/pdf.html|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|page=6|language=Spanish|archive-date=3 May 2024|access-date=23 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240503043439/http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1974/02/21/pagina-6/1001474/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> De initial strength of women's football insyd Spain be flagging by 1975,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1586099|title=Auge del futbol femenino|date=31 May 1975|newspaper=El Noticiero Universal|language=es|page=21|author=Piconaire|archive-date=26 April 2025|access-date=16 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250426104302/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1586099|url-status=live}}</ref> den by September 1977 na der no longer be a women's league insyd Catalonia, plus de idea of one dem sanso consider somewhat unrealistic.<ref name="FutbolFemeninoYa">{{cite news|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1590725|title=Maria Teresa Andreu: Fútbol femenino, ya|date=7 September 1977|page=8|newspaper=El Noticiero Universal|language=es|last=Mora|first=Francisco|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=16 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130140244/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1590725|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd February 1977, P.F. Barcelona for publish a call for players insyd de ''Revista Barcelonista'', plus de magazine wey dey suggest na der be a crisis insyd lack of players. Na e promote de team as a way to "keep in shape" den look good, rather dan emphasising sport.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Porta |first1=Frederic |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wQ07DQAAQBAJ |title=Barça Insólito: 800 historias de la Historia |last2=Tomás |first2=Manuel |date=9 March 2017 |publisher=ROCA EDITORIAL |isbn=978-84-945569-5-1 |page=543. Para mantener la línea |language=ca}}</ref> During de down period of de late 1970s, Barcelona be one of de large teams wey continue dey play, wey dey include against women's teams from leagues insyd oda countries. Maria Teresa Andreu, presido of P.F. Barcelona at de time, feel say FC Barcelona respect de team, wey de club dey support den dey involve dem.<ref name="FutbolFemeninoYa" /> Na dem san establish a Catalan women's league by de 1978–79 season, plus a concurrent cup competition insyd wich P.F. Barcelona Atlético fini as runners-up after dem loose de final on penalties,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1591260|title=Deporte en la empresa: Premios y trofeos temporada 1978/79 {{!}} Futbol femenino Campeonato provincial final, P.F. Blanquiazul, 1 P.F. Barna. Atco., 1: por penaltys, campeon la Peña F. Feminino Blanquiazul|first=A|last=Goñi|date=7 June 1979|newspaper=El Noticiero Universal|page=28|language=es|archive-date=30 March 2025|access-date=11 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250330021346/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1591260|url-status=live}}</ref> before na P.F. Barcelona be second insyd de league insyd 1979–80.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1589655&posicion=26&presentacion=pagina|title=Torneo Femenino|language=es|newspaper=El Noticiero Universal|editor-last=Pedret|editor-first=A. G.|others=F. Amaro, J.M. Garcia, Planas, R. Rubiella|date=30 January 1980|page=26|archive-date=30 March 2025|access-date=5 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250330021300/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1589655&posicion=26&presentacion=pagina|url-status=live}}</ref> === 1981–1988: Lliga catalana den rivalry plus Barcilona === De Spanish Football Federation (then FEF, now RFEF) formally recognise women's football insyd 1980<ref>{{Cite web |title=Serial Fútbol Femenino en MARCA.com &#124; El origen clandestino de la selección |url=https://www.marca.com/reportajes/2013/04/serial_futbol_femenino/2013/04/23/seccion_01/1366710025.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812225857/https://www.marca.com/reportajes/2013/04/serial_futbol_femenino/2013/04/23/seccion_01/1366710025.html |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=1 February 2024 |website=www.marca.com}}</ref> den insyd 1981 dem approve for a women's football department of de Catalan Football Federation (FCF) to create de Women's Catalan Football League,<ref>{{Cite news|last=López Recasens|first=X|date=6 December 1984|title=Cataluña, pionera del futbol femenino|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/12/06/pagina-19/1118025/pdf.html|work=Mundo Deportivo|pages=19|language=es|archive-date=21 August 2024|access-date=4 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240821075644/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/12/06/pagina-19/1118025/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1981/02/14/pagina-38/1059195/pdf.html|title=Acuerdos de la Federación Española: Habra Campeonato de Futbol Femenino en Cataluña|date=13 February 1981|editor-last=Castillo|editor-first=Juan Jose|page=38|language=es|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=16 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130141423/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1981/02/14/pagina-38/1059195/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> of wich na Barcelona be a founding member.<ref name="TomasHistoria">{{cite book |last=Tomás Belenguer |first=Manuel |title=Barça femení: història des dels orígens fins al triplet |publisher=Editorial Base |year=2021 |isbn=9788419007001 |location=Barcelona |pages=85–94 |language=ca}}</ref> Insyd de 1982–83 season, de team take former player den advocate Núria Llansà as coach,<ref name="Llansa">{{Cite web |title=Núria Llansà |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/card/3830726/nuria-llansa |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240201155835/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/card/3830726/nuria-llansa |archive-date=1 February 2024 |access-date=1 February 2024 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |language=en}}</ref> wey dem change ein name. Andreu suggest de team be called Club Femenino/Femení (CF) Barcelona, to be closer to de name of de men's team, wey dis change dem make official before de 1983 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol;<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 December 2020 |title=Los 50 años del Barça femenino de fútbol: atrás quedan los días de campos de tierra y pensiones baratas |url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/futbol/20201224/barca-femenino-futbol-50-anos-11420504 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250325015132/https://www.elperiodico.com/es/futbol/20201224/barca-femenino-futbol-50-anos-11420504 |archive-date=25 March 2025 |access-date=10 September 2024 |website=www.elperiodico.com |language=es}}</ref> dem still sometimes be known as Penya Femenina Barcelona later insyd de decade,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Introducción histórica del futbol femenino |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/887434/introduccion-historica-del-futbol-femenino |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040528/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/887434/introduccion-historica-del-futbol-femenino |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.fcbarcelona.es |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/07/14/pagina-14/1108745/pdf.html|title=En Horta, final de la copa catalana|date=14 July 1984|language=es|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|page=14|last=Mentruit|first=Imma|archive-date=25 March 2025|access-date=4 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250325015806/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/07/14/pagina-14/1108745/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> wey na dem no be an official section of FC Barcelona.<ref name="Lucha">{{Cite news|last=Galindo|first=Jesús|date=2 January 1983|title=EL FUTBOL FEMENINO LUCHA POR SOBREVIVIR|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1983/01/02/pagina-19/1090385/pdf.html|work=[[Mundo Deportivo]]|pages=19|archive-date=29 June 2024|access-date=29 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629233344/http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1983/01/02/pagina-19/1090385/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> How na dem run de women's team cause a splinter group to leave den form de independent team Penya Barcelonista Barcilona insyd 1981, wey former Barcelona players Francina den Vicenta Pubill i Font lead. In terms of titles, na Barcilona be much more successful dan Barcelona insyd de 1980s,<ref>{{cite news|title=Barcelona: los puntos sobre las "ies"|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1986/04/03/pagina-28/1149080/pdf.html#&mode=fullScreen|access-date=28 June 2024|date=3 April 1986|page=28|newspaper=[[Mundo Deportivo]]|first=X|last=López Recasens|archive-date=30 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130141151/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1986/04/03/pagina-28/1149080/pdf.html#&mode=fullScreen|url-status=live}}</ref> though na de two be considered de teams to beat within Catalan women's football wey dem "fight to de death" insyd de league.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/12/28/pagina-23/1126928/pdf.html|title=El Barcilona, nuevo lider|first=X|last=López Recasens|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|date=28 December 1985|page=23|language=es|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=4 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130141242/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/12/28/pagina-23/1126928/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="BCampeon">{{cite news|title=Barcilona, campeón|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/04/07/pagina-24/1120860/pdf.html#&mode=fullScreen|access-date=26 June 2024|language=es|date=7 April 1985|page=24|newspaper=[[Mundo Deportivo]]|first=X|last=López Recasens|archive-date=2 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240702014220/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/04/07/pagina-24/1120860/pdf.html#&mode=fullScreen|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Empieza">{{Cite news|last=López Recasens|first=X|date=12 January 1985|title=Empieza el "play-off"|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/01/12/pagina-19/1116341/pdf.html|work=Mundo Deportivo|pages=19|language=es|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=4 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130141018/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/01/12/pagina-19/1116341/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Oda top Catalan teams at de time be ''derbi femení'' rivals Espanyol den anoda independent team, Vallès Occidental.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1987/05/26/pagina-20/1151001/pdf.html|title=Valles Occidental: Las campeonas buscan sponsor|date=26 May 1987|page=20|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|last=López R.|first=X|language=es|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=5 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130141139/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1987/05/26/pagina-20/1151001/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Barcelona win ein first official competition – de Copa Generalitat/Copa Catalana, a predecessor to de Copa Catalunya — by defeating Barcilona den Vallès Occidental insyd 1985.<ref name="Title2020">{{Cite web |date=28 June 2020 |title=El Barça Femenino ganó el primer título oficial de su historia hace 35 años |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/femenino-a/noticias/1699636/el-barca-femenino-gano-el-primer-titulo-oficial-de-su-historia-hace-35-anos |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040530/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/femenino-a/noticias/1699636/el-barca-femenino-gano-el-primer-titulo-oficial-de-su-historia-hace-35-anos |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.fcbarcelona.es |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=es}}</ref> Na support from FC Barcelona vary insyd de era: insyd January 1983, ahead of de Copa de la Reina, na Barcelona no get fixed training facilities anaa times (unlike de majority of teams insyd de league, though Barcilona sanso no get) den de relationship plus FC Barcelona be considered among de worst of women's teams plus parent clubs. Reportedly, na FC Barcelona "no wan to know" wen e cam to dem.<ref name="Lucha" /> Insyd 1984, de year Llansà be promoted to director of de women's football team,<ref name="Llansa" /> na dem thank FC Barcelona for taking a much more sustained interest insyd women's football, having offered ein stadiums (wey dey include de Camp Nou) den facilities.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/03/17/pagina-6/1103266/pdf.html|language=Spanish|title=España–Francia: Chicas... ¡al campo!|date=17 March 1984|page=6|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|last=Serra|first=Josep Ma.|archive-date=5 July 2024|access-date=4 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705063440/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/03/17/pagina-6/1103266/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Since at least 1985, de team play chaw home games at de Mini Estadi.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/11/23/pagina-22/1434701/pdf.html|title=0–27: El Valles abuso del Bemen|first=X|last=López Recasens|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|language=es|date=23 November 1985|page=22|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=5 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130142006/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/11/23/pagina-22/1434701/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1988/02/06/pagina-23/1440520/pdf.html|title=Futbol Femenino {{!}} Dos amistosos para la selección catalana|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|author=Xavier|date=6 February 1988|page=23|language=es|archive-date=6 July 2024|access-date=14 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706124325/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1988/02/06/pagina-23/1440520/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Tomás |first=Manuel |title=Les Corts i el Barça: vuitanta-cinc anys d'història compartida |publisher=[[City Council of Barcelona]] |year=2007 |isbn=978-84-9850-055-4 |location=Barcelona |language=ca}}</ref> Llansà go remain director til na de team be incorporated as an official section of FC Barcelona.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sport |date=26 June 2019 |title=Falleció Núria Llansà, exjugadora del FC Barcelona |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/veteranos/fallecio-nuria-llansa-exjugadora-barcelona-7524142 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240201155834/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/veteranos/fallecio-nuria-llansa-exjugadora-barcelona-7524142 |archive-date=1 February 2024 |access-date=1 February 2024 |website=www.sport.es |language=es}}</ref> === 1988–2001: Liga Nacional den inconsistency === Insyd 1988, Club Femení Barcelona, wich na be sponsored by FC Barcelona, be a founding member of de Liga Nacional, de first top-flight national women's league insyd Spain.<ref name=":26">{{Cite book |last1=Porta |first1=Frederic |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cw47DQAAQBAJ |title=Barça Insòlit: 800 històries de la Història |last2=Tomás |first2=Manuel |date=9 March 2017 |publisher=ROCA EDITORIAL |isbn=978-84-945569-6-8 |pages=547–548 |language=ca |access-date=20 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251201215620/https://books.google.com/books?id=Cw47DQAAQBAJ |archive-date=1 December 2025 |url-status=live}}</ref> Dema performances insyd dis iteration of de league be inconsistent from de start, wey dey loose to weak teams den dey beat otherwise unbeatable ones, cementing demaselves as a mid-table team. Dem get a successful three-year run insyd de early 1990s, placing insyd de league top three between 1992 den 1994, den winning de 1994 Copa de la Reina.<ref name=":26" /> Dem subsequently decline to bottom table positions buh, despite dema weaker performances insyd de later years of de Liga Nacional, dem always manage to stay insyd de top division.<ref name=":26" /> Andreu join de board of FC Barcelona insyd 2000,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Andreu Grau, Maria Teresa stats {{!}} FC Barcelona Players |url=https://players.fcbarcelona.com/en/player/2451-maria-teresa-andreu-grau-maria-teresa |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910224121/https://players.fcbarcelona.com/en/player/2451-maria-teresa-andreu-grau-maria-teresa |archive-date=10 September 2024 |access-date=10 September 2024 |website=FCB Jugadors |language=es}}</ref> den within de year dem bring Club Femení Barcelona into de Barcelona Foundation ein organisational structure, wey dey make de women's team part of de club insyd administration.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Escudero |first=Sergi |date=31 May 2023 |title=Les revolucionàries del Barça abans d'Alexia Putellas |url=https://www.ara.cat/esports/barca-femeni/revolucionaries-barca-alexia_1_4714487.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240909014354/https://www.ara.cat/esports/barca-femeni/revolucionaries-barca-alexia_1_4714487.html |archive-date=9 September 2024 |access-date=10 September 2024 |website=Ara.cat |language=ca}}</ref> === 2002–2007: Becoming an official section den Segunda División === Insyd 2001, na dem rebrand de league into de Superliga Femenina secof natural growth; na dem no accept Barcelona into de top division, as dem no fi pay de inscription fee of [[Spanish peseta|₧]]3 million, wey na dem install insyd de new Superliga second division, de lowest tier of national football at de time (though dem sub-divide by regional group). Llansà push for de team to be recognised den supported as a section of de club;<ref>{{cite web |last=Irigoyen |first=Juan I. |date=16 May 2021 |title=El Barcelona conquista Europa |url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2021-05-16/el-barcelona-conquista-europa.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240917162420/https://elpais.com/deportes/2021-05-16/el-barcelona-conquista-europa.html |archive-date=17 September 2024 |access-date=17 September 2024 |website=El País |language=es}}</ref> insyd de summer of 2002, de FC Barcelona board unanimously approve ratifying de decision to incorporate CF Barcelona as an official section, wey de club rebrand de women's section to Futbol Club Barcelona Femení.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=LoRé |first=Michael |date=6 March 2020 |title=How FC Barcelona Is Paving The Way For Women's Soccer |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaellore/2020/03/06/how-fc-barcelona-is-paving-the-way-for-womens-soccer/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040519/https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaellore/2020/03/06/how-fc-barcelona-is-paving-the-way-for-womens-soccer/ |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=29 October 2021 |work=[[Forbes]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Parking">{{cite web |last=Irigoyen |first=Juan I. |date=14 May 2021 |title=De jugar en el parking a estar en la élite de Europa |url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2021-05-14/del-aparcamiento-a-la-elite-de-europa.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250317155121/https://elpais.com/deportes/2021-05-14/del-aparcamiento-a-la-elite-de-europa.html |archive-date=17 March 2025 |access-date=16 September 2024 |website=El País |language=es}}</ref> De next year, de team nominally cam be professional, buh na dem no dey receive livable salaries wey dem still for maintain oda jobs.<ref name="Parking" /> Barcelona win ein group insyd de Segunda División insyd 2002 den 2003, buh e remain insyd de second division after unsuccessful appearances insyd de promotion playoffs. Na dem eventually promote am to de Superliga Femenina insyd 2004. Once dem promote am, de team enjoy sam popularity insyd de 2004–05 season secof de signing of de Mexican international Maribel "Marigol" Domínguez den de Spanish María Luisa Coimbra, though dis no translate into quality results give de team.<ref name="20minutos-2005">{{Cite web |last=Pelayo |first=José |date=10 February 2005 |title=El otro duelo de 'cracks' |url=http://www.20minutos.es/noticia/4258/0/el/otro/duelo/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050511070711/http://www.20minutos.es/noticia/4258/0/el/otro/duelo/ |archive-date=11 May 2005 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=20minutos.es |publisher=[[20 minutos]]}}</ref> Na dem hire Xavi Llorens as manager insyd 2006 to replace Natalia Astrain,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bonals |first=Laia |date=16 May 2021 |title=Making history has never been so close |url=https://en.ara.cat/sports/making-history-has-never-been-close_130_3986303.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130144220/https://en.ara.cat/sports/making-history-has-never-been-close_130_3986303.html |archive-date=30 November 2024 |access-date=16 September 2024 |website=Ara}}</ref> wey na she be among de figures to leave wen de club restructure den significantly reduce de women's section insyd de summer of 2006.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/2006/06/30/pagina-29/829841/pdf.html|title=Habrá reestructuración en el fútbol femenino|last=Roura|first=C|date=30 June 2006|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|page=29|language=es|archive-date=26 December 2024|access-date=16 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226141327/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/2006/06/30/pagina-29/829841/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Na Llorens be unable to keep de team insyd de Superliga, den at de end of de 2006–07 season, na de team be relegated den de club consider dissolving de section.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD02/PUB/2007/05/07/EMD20070507014MDP.pdf|access-date=2 August 2022|language=es|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|date=7 May 2007|title=Stoichkov quiere a Alexanko|last1=Roura|first1=C|last2=Solé|first2=S|page=14|archive-date=4 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404061221/http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD02/PUB/2007/05/07/EMD20070507014MDP.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2008–2015: Return to de top flight den first Golden Era === [[File:Final_Copa_Catalunya_Femenina_RCDE_0_–_1_FCB_(6089064812).jpg|right|thumb|Barcelona dey celebrate dema 2011 Copa Catalunya win]] Barcelona return to de Superliga insyd 2008, den between 2009 den 2011, na dem consolidate demaselves insyd top positions insyd de league table.<ref name=":8">{{cite web |date=19 June 2011 |title=FC Barcelona, campeón de la Copa de SM La Reina tras vencer al RCD Espanyol (1–0) |url=http://www.rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=119&ID=1479 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111227112831/http://www.rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=119&ID=1479 |archive-date=27 December 2011 |access-date=19 June 2011 |publisher=rfef.es |language=es}}</ref> Insyd 2011, na dem win dema second Copa de la Reina, wey dem beat local rivals Espanyol 1–0 insyd de final.<ref name=":8" /> Insyd 2012, na dem win dema first league title plus a then-record 94 points,<ref>{{cite web |date=27 May 2012 |title=El Barça femenino, campeón de Liga |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/20120527/mundo-barsa/barca-barca-femenino-liga-campeonas_54300366310.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423181156/https://www.mundodeportivo.com/20120527/mundo-barsa/barca-barca-femenino-liga-campeonas_54300366310.html |archive-date=23 April 2019 |access-date=27 May 2012 |publisher=mundodeportivo.com |language=es}}</ref> qualifying for de UEFA Women's Champions League for de first time before exiting insyd de first round.<ref name=":9">{{cite web |last1=Menayo |first1=David |date=16 June 2013 |title=El Barcelona firma el primer doblete de su historia |url=https://www.marca.com/2013/06/16/futbol/futbol_femenino/1371380550.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204744/https://www.marca.com/2013/06/16/futbol/futbol_femenino/1371380550.html |archive-date=24 June 2021 |access-date=20 June 2021 |website=marca.com |publisher=[[Marca (newspaper)|MARCA]]}}</ref> Dem successfully defend de league insyd 2013 plus a last matchday away win over leading team Athletic Bilbao, before winning de 2013 Copa de la Reina to be cam de fifth Spanish women's team to achieve de domestic double.<ref name=":9" /> Barcelona qualify for de quarterfinals of de Women's Champions League for de first time insyd de 2013–14 edition,<ref name=":4">{{cite web |date=17 June 2014 |title=Golden era for FC Barcelona's women's team |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/1123347/golden-era-for-fc-barcelonas-womens-team |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240201160947/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/1123347/golden-era-for-fc-barcelonas-womens-team |archive-date=1 February 2024 |access-date=1 February 2024 |website=FC Barcelona}}</ref> a season insyd wich dem win dema third straight league title. Between 17 April 2011 den 11 December 2011, Barcelona maintain a 15-match winning streak, de longest consecutive run insyd Spanish women's football history by 2015; den between 23 September 2012 den 20 April 2014, dem get a 54-game unbeaten run, anoda record at de time.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramos |first=D |date=4 September 2015 |title=20 cosas que deberías saber de la Liga femenina de fútbol |url=https://www.marca.com/2015/09/04/futbol/futbol_femenino/1441360348.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240202003510/https://www.marca.com/2015/09/04/futbol/futbol_femenino/1441360348.html |archive-date=2 February 2024 |access-date=2 February 2024 |website=MARCA.com |language=es}}</ref> By de end of de 2013–14 season, de club refer to de previous four years of Barcelona Femení as a Golden Era insyd wich dem "absolutely dominate de Spanish football scene", den de team receive dema own section insyd de Barça Museum.<ref name=":4" /> Insyd de following 2014–15 season, dem cam be de first team insyd de Spanish women's league to win four straight league titles.<ref>{{Cite web |last=González |first=Inma |date=18 April 2015 |title=Las chicas del Barça conquistan su cuarta Liga consecutiva |url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/deportes/20150418/chicas-barca-conquistan-cuarta-liga-consecutiva-4112042 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130144715/https://www.elperiodico.com/es/deportes/20150418/chicas-barca-conquistan-cuarta-liga-consecutiva-4112042 |archive-date=30 November 2024 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=www.elperiodico.com |language=es}}</ref> === 2015–2018: Professionalism den rivalry plus Atlético Madrid === Insyd de summer of 2015, de club make de decision to professionalise de women's section.<ref name=":1" /> Despite dema domestic success, players be unable to make a living playing give Barcelona Femení, wey de club know e no fi compete insyd de Champions League against professional teams from oda countries.<ref name=":5" /> De team make a sponsorship deal plus Stanley Tools insyd 2014, wich allow dem to be cam professional,<ref name=":5" /> wey dem add a shirt deal insyd 2018 wey make Stanley de first shirt sponsor specific to de women's team.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 July 2018 |title=STANLEY Becomes the First Main Jersey Partner of FC Barcelona Women's Team |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/792979/stanley-becomes-the-first-main-jersey-partner-of-fc-barcelona-womens-team |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030042022/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/792979/stanley-becomes-the-first-main-jersey-partner-of-fc-barcelona-womens-team |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=en}}</ref> Na dem no be included insyd de deal wen Rakuten sponsor de men's team ein shirts insyd 2016 allow Barcelona Femení to sign an exclusivity deal plus Stanley for around €3.5&nbsp;million per year, wey dey separate de team ein finances den dey make dem individually profitable.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 October 2018 |title=Barça Women turns profitable with Stanley I Women's Football Marketing |url=https://www.xavibove.es/en/barca-women-turns-profitable-with-3-5me-from-stanley/ |access-date=9 May 2024 |website=Xavi Bové |language=en-GB}}</ref> Plus de professionalisation, de club begin changes, wey dey include bringing insyd Markel Zubizarreta first as women's team manager insyd 2015.<ref name=":14">{{Cite web |title=Markel Zubizarreta set to leave the Club |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/3701220/markel-zubizarreta-set-to-leave-the-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240508110131/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/3701220/markel-zubizarreta-set-to-leave-the-club |archive-date=8 May 2024 |access-date=8 May 2024 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |language=en}}</ref> Barcelona ein domestic dominance end as dem go thru de process of becoming professional, plus then-captain Vicky Losada later dey talk say na de jump "be a big change" initially, dey disrupt de team.<ref name=":5" /> As part of dema new professionalism, Barcelona place a greater priority on competing insyd de Champions League,<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|title=Barcelona sign England striker Duggan|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/40514401|access-date=9 February 2024|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB|archive-date=6 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006011858/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/40514401|url-status=live}}</ref> though dem focus on improving conditions rather dan immediately trying to match de level of foreign teams.<ref name=":72">{{Cite web |last=Sport |date=22 April 2015 |title="El año que viene queremos conseguir otra liga" |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/barcelona-femenino-queremos-liga-4123547 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250502010524/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/barcelona-femenino-queremos-liga-4123547 |archive-date=2 May 2025 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=www.sport.es |language=es}}</ref> Dem reach dema first Champions League semi-final insyd de 2016–17 season, wich na dem compare to de rapid rise of Manchester City W.F.C., wey cam be professional wey then dem achieve dis milestone at de same times as Barcelona.<ref name=":6" /> Dis period sanso coincide plus Atlético Madrid Femenino "wey dey emerge as a really strong side". Atlético cam be a challenger to Barcelona ein success, wey dem do so by playing plus a style wey counteracted Barcelona ein own: a rivalry develop between de teams wey Losada describe am as de women's ''Clásico''.<ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Egorov |first=Grigory |date=6 September 2019 |title=Barca Femeni goalkeeper: Real Madrid's women's team have to earn Clasico status |url=https://tribuna.com/en/news/fcbarcelona-2019-09-06-barca-femeni-goalkeeper-real-madrids-womens-team-have-to-earn-clasico-status/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040528/https://tribuna.com/en/news/fcbarcelona-2019-09-06-barca-femeni-goalkeeper-real-madrids-womens-team-have-to-earn-clasico-status/ |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=Tribuna.com}}</ref> Atlético win de three league titles between de 2016–17 den 2018–19 seasons, wey Barcelona be runners-up insyd each of those seasons.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Gulino |first=Joey |date=17 March 2019 |title=Barcelona's win over Atletico Madrid sets attendance record for women's club match |url=https://www.yahoo.com/now/barcelonas-win-over-atletico-madrid-sets-attendance-record-for-womens-club-match-160324919.html |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |language=en-US}}</ref> After struggling against Atlético for a few years,<ref name=":5" /> Barcelona beat dem insyd de final of de 2017 Copa de la Reina, insyd Llorens ein final match as coach.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FC Barcelona Women v Atlético Madrid: Copa de la Reina winners! (4–1) |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/755585/fc-barcelona-women-v-atletico-madrid-copa-de-la-reina-winners-4-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221019124143/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/755585/fc-barcelona-women-v-atletico-madrid-copa-de-la-reina-winners-4-1 |archive-date=19 October 2022 |access-date=9 February 2024 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |language=en}}</ref> Llorens cam insyd to restructure de women's section insyd 2006 wen na e be weak, wey ein departure sanso bring about change. Under ein replacement, Fran Sánchez,<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /> den plus Zubizarreta cam be sporting director insyd summer 2017,<ref name=":14" /> Barcelona Femení move away from ein focus on development den integration of youth players.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /> De process briefly change to signing multiple big names insyd international football, wey dey include England star Toni Duggan<ref name=":6" /> den Lieke Martens, wey dem make de highest-paid female footballer. Insyd de summer of 2018, Barcelona Femení join de men's team on a pre-season tour for de first time, one of de measures wey make ''The Guardian'' consider dem a groundbreaker insyd "growing commercial opportunities" den dey promote equality give women's football.<ref name=":12">{{Cite news|last=Taylor|first=Louise|date=19 July 2018|title=Everton and Barcelona take pioneering lead towards equality|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2018/jul/19/everton-barcelona-lead-towards-equality-whatif|access-date=9 February 2024|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> === 2019–2024: De new dynasty === Barcelona defeat Atlético at de Wanda Metropolitano on 17 March 2019, insyd a match wey break de world record for attendance at a women's club football match plus 60,739 attendees.<ref name=":3" /> Later dat season, Barcelona progress to dema first ever Champions League final, meeting den losing 1–4 to five-time Champions League winners Olympique Lyonnais Féminin (Lyon).<ref>{{Cite news|last=Panja|first=Tariq|date=18 May 2019|title=Lyon Routs Barcelona to Win Fourth Straight Women's Champions League Title|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/18/sports/lyon-barcelona-champions-league-title.html|access-date=18 February 2024|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=18 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218200049/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/18/sports/lyon-barcelona-champions-league-title.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Na Sánchez be replaced by Lluís Cortés insyd January 2019 den,<ref>{{cite web |date=8 January 2019 |title=Lluís Cortés takes over women's team |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/969839/lluis-cortes-takes-over-womens-team |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526181417/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/969839/lluis-cortes-takes-over-womens-team |archive-date=26 May 2024 |access-date=24 December 2021 |publisher=FCBarcelona.com}}</ref> dey start insyd summer 2019, Barcelona aim to reduce de number of signings each year, returning to de long-term project of homegrown talent as de basis of de team;<ref name=":5" /> Zubizarreta go gain a reputation as de "architect", wey dey build de team from youth acquisitions den dey convince higher profile players, a "low-cost" method of creating a strong, cohesive team.<ref name=":15">{{Cite web |date=7 April 2024 |title=La plantilla más valiosa del mundo es 'low-cost' |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/plantilla-valiosa-mundo-low-cost-100702043 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240508110131/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/plantilla-valiosa-mundo-low-cost-100702043 |archive-date=8 May 2024 |access-date=8 May 2024 |website=www.sport.es |language=es}}</ref> Barcelona Femení begin only incorporating external players wey be connected to de team ein style, wey Losada dey insist say "de style of de club be sacred."<ref name=":5" /> After losing de 2019 Champions League final, de team direct investment to oda areas, wey dey include improvement insyd conditions den an expanded support staff.<ref name=":15" /> De period from Barcelona ein surge insyd success den cementing of identity insyd 2019, to de present as of 2024, be described as a dynastic era give de team den as de "new dynasty" of Europe.<ref name=":11">{{Cite magazine|last=Gastelum|first=Andrew|date=20 May 2022|title=How Barcelona Femení Became the World's Most Dominant Team|url=https://www.si.com/soccer/2022/05/20/barcelona-femeni-alexia-dynasty-champions-league-final-daily-cover|access-date=4 May 2024|magazine=Sports Illustrated|language=en-us|archive-date=22 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230822063120/https://www.si.com/soccer/2022/05/20/barcelona-femeni-alexia-dynasty-champions-league-final-daily-cover|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=VAVEL.com |date=3 June 2023 |title=Barcelona 3–2 Wolfsburg: Eindhoven welcomes the coronation of Catalonia's eternal European royalty |url=https://www.vavel.com/en/football/2023/06/03/womens-football/1148389-barcelona-3-2-wolfsburg-eindhoven-welcomes-the-coronation-of-catalonias-eternal-european-royalty.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504235231/https://www.vavel.com/en/football/2023/06/03/womens-football/1148389-barcelona-3-2-wolfsburg-eindhoven-welcomes-the-coronation-of-catalonias-eternal-european-royalty.html |archive-date=4 May 2024 |access-date=4 May 2024 |website=VAVEL |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Abdullah |first=Abdullah |title=Rise of a New Dynasty: FC Barcelona Femini's Emerging Legacy |date=8 April 2024 |publisher=Pitch Publishing Ltd |isbn=978-1-80150-675-5 |edition=1st}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mickey |first=Hans |date=9 April 2024 |title=Barça Femení has bred its own dynasty |url=https://www.blaugranagram.com/barca-femeni-has-bred-its-own-dynasty-interview-with-author-abdullah-abdullah/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507030143/https://www.blaugranagram.com/barca-femeni-has-bred-its-own-dynasty-interview-with-author-abdullah-abdullah/ |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=4 May 2024 |website=Blaugranagram |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="ElPokerNuncaVisto">{{Cite web |last=Soria |first=Miki |title=El póker nunca visto: el viaje a la gloria del Barça femenino |url=https://www.sport.es/es/barca/poker-historico-barcelona-femenino-sh/poker-historico-barcelona-femenino-sh |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.sport.es |language=es}}</ref> Insyd 2024, de success of Barcelona Femení be considered by local sportswriters den de FC Barcelona club historian to be de prevailing sense of identity den club narrative give FC Barcelona.<ref name=":252">{{Cite book |title=FC Barcelona: history, politics and identity |date=2024 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-040-01352-6 |editor-last=O'Brien |editor-first=Jim |location=Abingdon, Oxon New York, N.Y |editor-last2=Ginesta |editor-first2=Xavier |editor-last3=San Eugenio |editor-first3=Jordi de}}</ref> After dem be runners-up insyd all competitions for two years, Barcelona win four titles for de 2019–20 season,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barça Femení – EDF Logroño: Campiones de la Copa de la Reina! (3–0) |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/futbol/femeni-a/noticies/2027556/barca-femeni-edf-logrono-campiones-de-la-copa-de-la-reina-3-0 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224234818/https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/futbol/femeni-a/noticies/2027556/barca-femeni-edf-logrono-campiones-de-la-copa-de-la-reina-3-0 |archive-date=24 December 2023 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.fcbarcelona.cat |language=ca}}</ref> buh na dem no reach de final of de 2019–20 Champions League, wich de club consider disappointing.<ref>{{Cite web |last=López |first=Josep Gabernet |date=26 August 2020 |title=Wolfsburg v FC Barcelona: It wasn't to be (1–0) |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/1778355/wolfsburg-v-fc-barcelona-it-wasnt-to-be-1-0 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190502/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/1778355/wolfsburg-v-fc-barcelona-it-wasnt-to-be-1-0 |archive-date=9 July 2021 |access-date=3 July 2021 |website=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Since 2020, Barcelona win de league wey dem reach de Champions League final every season, while dem sanso win at least one of de Copa de la Reina den Supercopa each year. Dem win dema first Champions League title by defeating Chelsea 4–0 insyd de 2021 final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fisher |first=Bethany |date=16 May 2021 |title=Barcelona make Champions League history with 4–0 win over Chelsea |url=https://herfootballhub.com/barcelona-win-champions-league-history-chelsea-europe/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519081540/https://herfootballhub.com/barcelona-win-champions-league-history-chelsea-europe/ |archive-date=19 May 2021 |access-date=19 May 2021 |website=Her Football Hub}}</ref> A month later, Cortés lef, as de club continue to strive to build on dema success den standards of professionalism.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Martínez |first=Ferran |date=27 June 2021 |title=Lluís Cortés se va del Barça femenino |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20210627/410271683677/lluis-cortes-se-va-del-barca-femenino.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210627083513/https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20210627/410271683677/lluis-cortes-se-va-del-barca-femenino.html |archive-date=27 June 2021 |access-date=27 June 2021 |work=Mundo Deportivo |language=Catalan}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 June 2021 |title=Lluís Cortés comunica la decisión de dejar el equipo |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/2179452/lluis-cortes-comunica-la-decision-de-dejar-el-equipo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210627113820/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/2179452/lluis-cortes-comunica-la-decision-de-dejar-el-equipo |archive-date=27 June 2021 |access-date=27 June 2021 |website=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=Spanish}}</ref> Na losing dema manager no harm de team: dema 2021–22 season be considered one of de most dominant insyd football.<ref name=":11" /><ref name="WahlSub">{{cite web |last1=Wahl |first1=Grant |date=20 April 2022 |title=Redefining the Sport, Redefining the Culture |url=https://grantwahl.substack.com/p/redefining-the-sport-redefining-the?s=r |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220728190122/https://grantwahl.substack.com/p/redefining-the-sport-redefining-the?s=r |archive-date=28 July 2022 |access-date=20 April 2022 |website=Fútbol with Grant Wahl}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 May 2022 |title=Barcelona Femeni 2021–22 perfect season: Can Women's team win every trophy & match they play this year? {{!}} Goal.com UK |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-femeni-2021-22-perfect-season-win-every-trophy-match/bltff187a01cfc571d4 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130142236/https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-femeni-2021-22-perfect-season-win-every-trophy-match/bltff187a01cfc571d4 |archive-date=30 November 2024 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The stats from a historic league campaign |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327070145/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news |archive-date=27 March 2020 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref><ref name="Trophies2022">{{Cite web |title=FC Barcelona end the 2021/22 season with 16 trophies |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/club/news/2656665/fc-barcelona-end-the-202122-season-with-16-trophies |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703235905/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/club/news/2656665/fc-barcelona-end-the-202122-season-with-16-trophies |archive-date=3 July 2022 |access-date=1 July 2022 |website=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Grant Wahl say na de team be one of de best women's sides insyd history, wey he attribute dema resilience den increasing success to dem establish a new culture within de team einself.<ref name="WahlSub" /> Dem fail to retain de Champions League dis season,<ref name="Trophies2022" /> buh san go win am insyd de following two.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Sanders|first=Emma|date=3 June 2023|title=Women's Champions League: Barcelona come back from 2–0 down to beat Wolfsburg 3–2 to win second title|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/65734681|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240318134242/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/65734681|archive-date=18 March 2024|access-date=18 February 2024|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":20">{{Cite web |date=25 May 2024 |title=Barcelona 2 Lyon 0: Barca win third Champions League in four years. Is this a changing of the guard? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5517734/2024/05/25/barcelona-lyon-champions-league-bonmati/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525182333/https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5517734/2024/05/25/barcelona-lyon-champions-league-bonmati/ |archive-date=25 May 2024 |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=[[The Athletic]]}}</ref> Dema 2023–24 season exceed dema previous successes,<ref name="ElPokerNuncaVisto" /> wey de team plete dema first continental quadruple<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2024 |title=Barcelona retains Women's Champions League title, completing historic quadruple |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/05/25/sport/barcelona-lyon-womens-champions-league-2024-spt-intl/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525181628/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/05/25/sport/barcelona-lyon-womens-champions-league-2024-spt-intl/index.html |archive-date=25 May 2024 |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=[[CNN]]}}</ref> by defeating Lyon 2–0 insyd de 2024 Champions League final;<ref name=":20" /> wey e be dema third Champions League title insyd four years, den dema first defeat of European rivals Lyon. Maria Tikas opine say de match confirmed Barcelona as de new holders of de European dynasty.<ref name=":162">{{Cite web |last=Tikas |first=Maria |date=25 May 2024 |title=El Barça gana la Tercera en Bilbao y confirma un cambio de dinastía en Europa |url=https://www.sport.es/futbol-femenino-barca/barca-gana-tercera-bilbao-confirma-102901591 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250104190312/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/futbol-femenino/barca-gana-tercera-bilbao-confirma-102901591 |archive-date=4 January 2025 |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=Diario Sport |language=es}}</ref> [[File:Panoràmica_Camp_Nou_de_rècord_mundial.2.jpg|thumb|400x400px|Na dem set de official record attendance for a women's football match at Camp Nou on 22 April 2022, wey 91,648 people watch Barcelona defeat Wolfsburg 5–1 (pictured).<ref>{{cite web |last1=Marsden |first1=Sam |last2=Llorens |first2=Moises |date=22 April 2022 |title=Barcelona women set all-time attendance record in UWCL win over Wolfsburg |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/barcelona-barcelona_women/story/4648506/barcelona-women-set-all-time-attendance-record-in-uwcl-win-over-wolfsburg |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230514232605/https://www.espn.co.uk/football/barcelona-barcelona_women/story/4648506/barcelona-women-set-all-time-attendance-record-in-uwcl-win-over-wolfsburg |archive-date=14 May 2023 |access-date=20 October 2022 |website=ESPN}}</ref>]] During dis period, de team sanso dominate individual awards: captain Alexia Putellas sweep all individual awards for two seasons (wey dey correspond to 2020–21 den 2021–22),<ref>{{Cite news|date=29 November 2021|title=Putellas wins Women's Ballon d'Or|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/59468815|access-date=18 February 2024|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB|archive-date=18 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218203844/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/59468815|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Burhan |first=Asif |date=17 October 2022 |title=Alexia Putellas Becomes First Spanish-Born Player To Win Ballon D'Or Twice |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/asifburhan/2022/10/17/alexia-putellas-becomes-first-spanish-born-player-to-win-ballon-dor-twice/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017190151/https://www.forbes.com/sites/asifburhan/2022/10/17/alexia-putellas-becomes-first-spanish-born-player-to-win-ballon-dor-twice/ |archive-date=17 October 2022 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> wey Aitana Bonmatí then win all individual titles for de 2022–23 season. Including ein achievements plus de Spain national team, Bonmatí get de most decorated season of any footballer, male anaa female.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Garrido|first=Maria|date=14 December 2023|title=Aitana Bonmati: Ballon d'Or and World Cup winner forged by adversity|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/67691132|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240326180605/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/67691132|archive-date=26 March 2024|access-date=18 February 2024|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB}}</ref> Oda records wey de team set include twice setting de highest-ever attendance for a women's football match – Barcelona beat Real Madrid den then Wolfsburg at de Camp Nou, plus respective attendances of 91,553 den 91,648<ref name="WahlSub" /><ref name="Gulino">{{cite news|last1=Gulino|first1=Joey|date=30 March 2022|title=Record 91,553 fans watch Barcelona women oust Real Madrid from Champions League|url=https://uk.news.yahoo.com/record-91553-fans-watch-barcelona-women-oust-real-madrid-from-champions-league-video-185612760.html|work=Yahoo Sports|archive-date=28 July 2022|access-date=1 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220728201600/https://uk.news.yahoo.com/record-91553-fans-watch-barcelona-women-oust-real-madrid-from-champions-league-video-185612760.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="ESPN-UWCLSF">{{cite web |date=22 April 2022 |title=Barcelona presume récord de asistencia femenil, aunque México tiene uno mayor [Barcelona claims female attendance record, although Mexico has a higher one] |url=https://espndeportes.espn.com/futbol/mexico/nota/_/id/10257566/mexico-femenil-1971-record-asistencia-estadio-barcelona |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220423005459/https://espndeportes.espn.com/futbol/mexico/nota/_/id/10257566/mexico-femenil-1971-record-asistencia-estadio-barcelona |archive-date=23 April 2022 |website=ESPN}}</ref> – den breaking de world record for a transfer fee insyd women's football to bring Keira Walsh from Manchester City insyd de summer of 2022. De team ein dominance insyd Spain sanso reach new heights after dem summarily defeat main rivals Atlético 7–0 insyd de 2021–22 Supercopa final.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Second Spanish Super Cup winners, now outright leaders |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2460087/second-spanish-super-cup-winners-now-outright-leaders |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015135857/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2460087/second-spanish-super-cup-winners-now-outright-leaders |archive-date=15 October 2023 |access-date=23 January 2022 |website=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Dat season, dem mathematically win de league by March.<ref>{{cite web |last=Westwood |first=James |date=14 March 2022 |title=Barcelona Femeni win El Clasico 5–0 to be crowned champions of Spain with six games to spare |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-femeni-win-el-clasico-5-0-crowned-champions-spain/bltf8642070feb351fb |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401035715/https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-femeni-win-el-clasico-5-0-crowned-champions-spain/bltf8642070feb351fb |archive-date=1 April 2022 |access-date=30 March 2022 |publisher=Goal}}</ref> Real Madrid incorporate ein women's team insyd 2020, wey dey aim to challenge Barcelona ein monopoly within Spain; Barcelona win every women's Clásico as of 2024.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":212">{{Cite web |date=17 November 2023 |title=The gap is closing between Real Madrid and Barcelona in women's game ... and that's a good thing |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/38918927/women-clasico-real-madrid-closing-gap-barca-femeni |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120160056/https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/38918927/women-clasico-real-madrid-closing-gap-barca-femeni |archive-date=20 November 2023 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> == Supporters den popularity == [[File:Ada_Colau_rep_les_jugadores_del_Barça_femení_després_de_proclamar-se_campiones_d’Europa_06.jpg|thumb|Barcelona Femení supporters at Plaça Sant Jaume insyd 2023]] Barcelona Femení get a fan base distinct from dat of de men's team, even wen de team sell out de main stadiums. De popularity of de team grow vastly insyd de years after e cam be professional.<ref name=":2" /> Part of de reason for de growth in popularity be connected to de growth of feminism insyd de 2010s. De audience give Barcelona Femení dey include both women den men of all ages – reportedly mostly men wey no dey watch de Barcelona men's team,<ref name=":2" /> though, insyd de 2020s, Barcelona Femení ein fan base grow to include long-time Barcelona fans wey dem more recently be exposed to den enjoy de women's team's style of play.<ref name=":22">{{Cite web |last=Bonals |first=Laia |date=25 May 2024 |title=La final de Bilbao: un cambio de paradigma para el barcelonismo |url=https://www.elperiodico.com/deporte-femenino/20240525/final-bilbao-cambio-paradigma-barcelonismo-102855856 |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=El Periódico |language=es}}</ref> ''El Periódico'' wrep insyd 2024 say de team dey play give people "wey cam be hooked on [dema] way of playing den understanding football".<ref name=":22" /> De same year, authors Jim O'Brien den Xavier Ginesta question whether de club einself promote de women's team to be "insyd de vanguard of genuine change insyd gender politics" anaa as a form of brand marketing secof dema increased profile den dey want "to breath[e] fresh life into de fading traditions of de club."<ref name=":25">{{Cite book |title=FC Barcelona: history, politics and identity |date=2024 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-040-01352-6 |editor-last=O'Brien |editor-first=Jim |location=Abingdon, Oxon New York, N.Y |editor-last2=Ginesta |editor-first2=Xavier |editor-last3=San Eugenio |editor-first3=Jordi de}}</ref> Supporters of de team typically dey support feminist values insyd society den sport, as well as de team einself.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Bonals |first=Laia |date=22 December 2022 |title=El Barça masculí i el femení tenen públics diferents: per què? |url=https://www.ara.cat/esports/futbol-femeni/barca-masculi-femeni-tenen-publics-diferents_130_4581134.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221225023148/https://www.ara.cat/esports/futbol-femeni/barca-masculi-femeni-tenen-publics-diferents_130_4581134.html |archive-date=25 December 2022 |website=Ara.cat |language=ca}}</ref> Around de time of dema professionalisation, de team make an effort to gain more regular supporters wey dey attend matches. Na dem be dominant within Spain, de staff know say na winning no be enough wey dem work on ways to engage potential fans.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |last=Sport |date=22 April 2015 |title="El año que viene queremos conseguir otra liga" |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/barcelona-femenino-queremos-liga-4123547 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250502010524/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/barcelona-femenino-queremos-liga-4123547 |archive-date=2 May 2025 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=www.sport.es |language=es}}</ref> Research dem conduct around dis time suggest say na de lack of widespread support give Barcelona Femení be primarily secof de power hierarchy within global den glocalised football dat under-appreciated women.<ref>{{Cite book |last=de Araújo Silva |first=Marcos |url=https://biblioteca.clacso.edu.ar/clacso/se/20180606100837/Politica_global_Futbol.pdf |title=Política global y fútbol: el deporte como preocupación de las ciencias sociales |publisher=[[Latin American Council of Social Sciences]] |isbn=9789968558594 |editor-last=Soto Acosta |editor-first=Willy |pages=57–72 |language=es |chapter=Més que um club – el FC Barcelona, la postcolonialidad y las heterotopías del futbol en el mundo globalizado |access-date=11 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323220935/https://biblioteca.clacso.edu.ar/clacso/se/20180606100837/Politica_global_Futbol.pdf |archive-date=23 March 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref>By de time Barcelona Femení successively break de official world record attendance twice insyd 2022, de increasing support dem track plus global trends buh sanso show de dedication of de domestic support de team foster, in part by having chaw Catalan players promote as local stars.<ref name=":25">{{Cite book |title=FC Barcelona: history, politics and identity |date=2024 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-040-01352-6 |editor-last=O'Brien |editor-first=Jim |location=Abingdon, Oxon New York, N.Y |editor-last2=Ginesta |editor-first2=Xavier |editor-last3=San Eugenio |editor-first3=Jordi de}}</ref> De team move to de Johan Cruyff Stadium insyd 2019, wey locate insyd Sant Joan Despí, a town west of de city of Barcelona. Dem previously play at de Mini Estadi, next to de Camp Nou. Despite playing outsyd of de city, by 2022 de team average crowds four times larger dan wen dem play at de Mini Estadi. Na dis be attributed by Zubizarreta wey no be to de team cam be more successful, buh to de club dey treat de women's players equal to de men's insyd advertising den merchandising.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruszkai |first=Ameé |date=30 March 2022 |title='The start of a new era' – How Barcelona created a culture for the women's team to sell-out Camp Nou |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-created-culture-womens-team-sell-out-camp-nou/blt912940c2ab78d593 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131190453/https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-created-culture-womens-team-sell-out-camp-nou/blt912940c2ab78d593 |archive-date=31 January 2024 |access-date=31 January 2024 |website=Goal}}</ref> De travelling support give de team sanso grow insyd dis period, wey ESPN attribute as a post-COVID-19 development of fans wey dey want to follow de team insyd major away games.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 May 2024 |title=How Barcelona fans turned Bilbao into Camp Nou in UWCL final |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/40221335/how-barcelona-fans-turned-bilbao-camp-nou-uwcl-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527232231/https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/40221335/how-barcelona-fans-turned-bilbao-camp-nou-uwcl-final |archive-date=27 May 2024 |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> Insyd 2022, de audience give Barcelona Femení games sanso be more varied dan dat of de men's team, wich be suggested to be secof de fact de women's team no dey offer season tickets. De crowd give men's games mostly be season ticket holders den tourists wey buy last-minute remaining tickets, while na chaw tickets to women's games dem buy as part of four-ticket packs.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Bonals |first=Laia |date=22 December 2022 |title=El Barça masculí i el femení tenen públics diferents: per què? |url=https://www.ara.cat/esports/futbol-femeni/barca-masculi-femeni-tenen-publics-diferents_130_4581134.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221225023148/https://www.ara.cat/esports/futbol-femeni/barca-masculi-femeni-tenen-publics-diferents_130_4581134.html |archive-date=25 December 2022 |website=Ara.cat |language=ca}}</ref> == Rivalries == Na Barcelona Femení ein first rivalry be against local rivals Espanyol, against whom dem play dema first matches insyd 1971.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |date=24 December 2020 |title=FC Barcelona Women's Golden Anniversary |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1949097/fc-barcelona-womens-golden-anniversary |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250623133459/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1949097/fc-barcelona-womens-golden-anniversary |archive-date=23 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=en}}</ref> De first league match between dem, insyd 1988, result in a 2–2 draw; though chaw teams insyd de league at de time be from de Barcelona area, na de ''Derbi Femení'' still be a highlighted fixture.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bravo |first=Luis Javier |date=2012 |title=Peña Barcelonista Barcilona, primer campeón de Liga |url=https://www.furiaroja.com/femenina/cronicas_liga_femenina/primera_liga_femenina_88_89.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240715213225/https://www.furiaroja.com/femenina/cronicas_liga_femenina/primera_liga_femenina_88_89.html |archive-date=15 July 2024 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=Furia Roja}}</ref> Na de main rivalry give Barcelona Femení be Atlético Madrid, plus de two teams get similar prominence den success within Spain den Europe insyd de 2010s, as well as dem get playing styles wey contrast each oda.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=[[Sid Lowe|Lowe, Sid]] |date=12 March 2021 |title=The best team in Spain right now? The 18–0 Barca Women |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040519/https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=ESPN.com |publisher=[[ESPN]] |language=en}}</ref> Barcelona den Athletic Club Bilbao sanso share a rivalry insyd Spain insyd de 2000s den early 2010s, wey dey see large attendances at de San Mamés give dema matches. Insyd de 2012–13 season, Barcelona be at one stage 8 points behind Athletic before dem win de league on de last day at San Mamés.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cervelló Herrero |first=Laia |date=31 December 2013 |title=FC Barcelona Femenino 2013: un año de ensueño |url=https://www.vavel.com/es/futbol/2013/12/31/fc-barcelona/314923.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203190019/https://www.vavel.com/es/futbol/2013/12/31/fc-barcelona/314923.html |archive-date=3 December 2024 |access-date=11 February 2024 |website=VAVEL |language=es}}</ref> Na Barcelona, Atlético den Athletic be de first major professional women's teams insyd Spain, wey dey sustain league rivalries secof na dem be de three largest teams for quite some time. Na chaw oda large clubs (i.e. those plus historic men's teams) no incorporate women's sections til 2018 anaa later, so de oda women's teams prior to dis be smaller anaa independent.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cano Tenorio |first=Rafael |date=2018 |title=El desarrollo del fútbol femenino en el entorno digital: análisis de los contenidos publicados por los clubes en las web oficiales |url=https://idus.us.es/bitstream/handle/11441/87903/Pages%20from%20978-84-17270-83-4-4.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y |url-status=dead |journal=Feminismo, investigación y comunicación: Una aproximación plural a la representación de las mujeres |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323220007/https://idus.us.es/bitstream/handle/11441/87903/Pages%20from%20978-84-17270-83-4-4.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y |archive-date=23 March 2024 |access-date=10 February 2024 |via=[[University of Seville]]}}</ref> Real Madrid incorporate a women's section insyd 2020. After dema matches dat season, Losada dismiss de idea say na de teams get a rivalry: "''For me, it's not a clásico but on a media level it helps that at last they're in our league. Those who don't follow women's football might think it's a clásico; those that do, know it's not.''"<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=[[Sid Lowe|Lowe, Sid]] |date=12 March 2021 |title=The best team in Spain right now? The 18–0 Barca Women |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040519/https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=ESPN.com |publisher=[[ESPN]] |language=en}}</ref> Real Madrid improve insyd de following seasons, den though Barcelona do, too – na dem always beat Real Madrid by 2024 – staff den players at Barcelona say dat a stronger Real Madrid be important to keep up de competitive status of de league den for de global image of de game, plus [[Caroline Graham Hansen]] dey talk say "[''El Clásico''] be a big game, a game de whole world know wey e be important say e dey reflect de level insyd de women's game."<ref name=":21">{{Cite web |date=17 November 2023 |title=The gap is closing between Real Madrid and Barcelona in women's game ... and that's a good thing |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/38918927/women-clasico-real-madrid-closing-gap-barca-femeni |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120160056/https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/38918927/women-clasico-real-madrid-closing-gap-barca-femeni |archive-date=20 November 2023 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> Barcelona sanso get rivalries insyd de Champions League, wey dey include against Wolfsburg den Lyon, de latter of wich be champions insyd de first two finals Barcelona loose. After de first lost final, reaching Lyon ein level cam be an aspiration anaa "obsession" give Barcelona;<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=[[Sid Lowe|Lowe, Sid]] |date=12 March 2021 |title=The best team in Spain right now? The 18–0 Barca Women |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040519/https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=ESPN.com |publisher=[[ESPN]] |language=en}}</ref> na dem call Lyon Barcelona ein ''bestia negra'' ahead of Barcelona defeating dem for de first time insyd 2024.<ref name=":16">{{Cite web |last=Tikas |first=Maria |date=25 May 2024 |title=El Barça gana la Tercera en Bilbao y confirma un cambio de dinastía en Europa |url=https://www.sport.es/futbol-femenino-barca/barca-gana-tercera-bilbao-confirma-102901591 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250104190312/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/futbol-femenino/barca-gana-tercera-bilbao-confirma-102901591 |archive-date=4 January 2025 |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=Diario Sport |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2024 |title=A la tercera... cayó el Lyon: el Barça mantiene su reinado en Champions |url=https://www.relevo.com/futbol/champions-league-femenina/tercera-cayo-lyon-barca-mantiene-20240525195809-nt.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526000758/https://www.relevo.com/futbol/champions-league-femenina/tercera-cayo-lyon-barca-mantiene-20240525195809-nt.html |archive-date=26 May 2024 |access-date=26 May 2024 |website=Relevo |language=es}}</ref> == Seasons == === 1970–1980 === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="10" |League ! rowspan="2" |Catalan Cup ! colspan="2" |Top scorer |- !Tier !{{Tooltip|Div|Division}} !{{Tooltip|Pos|Position}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|Pld|Played}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|W|Won}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|Pts|Points}} !Name(s) !{{goal}} |- |[[1971–72 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1971–72''']] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|CC|Catalan Championship}} |4th |26 |17 |6 |3 |94 |14 |'''40''' | bgcolor="silver" |Runner-up | align="left" |[[Lolita Ortiz]] |26 |- |[[1973 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1973''']] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|CC|Catalan Championship}} | bgcolor="gold" |'''1st''' |13 |9 |3 |1 |26 |10 |'''21''' | rowspan="2" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | | |- |[[1974 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1974''']] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|CN|National Championship}} |6th |12 |3 |3 |6 |11 |21 |'''9''' | | |- |[[List of P.F. Barcelona matches 1975–76|1975–76]] | colspan="10" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | | | |- |[[1977–78 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1977–78''']] | colspan="10" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | | | |- |[[1978–79 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1978–79''']] | | | | | | | | | | | bgcolor="silver" |Runner-up | | |- |[[1979–80 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1979–80''']] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|CF|Women's Championship}} | bgcolor="silver" |2nd |12 |8 |3 |1 |28 |6 |'''19''' | | | |} === 1981–1988 === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="10" |League ! rowspan="2" |[[Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Cup]] ! rowspan="2" |[[Copa Catalunya Femenina#Copa Generalitat (1981–1990s)|Catalan Cup]] ! colspan="2" |Top scorer<ref>All goals scored in the league, including group (and play-offs) and final phases.</ref> |- !Tier !{{Tooltip|Div|Division}} !{{Tooltip|Pos|Position}} !{{Tooltip|Pld|Played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !{{Tooltip|Pts|Points}} !Name(s) !{{goal}} |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1981|1981]] |1 |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} | | | | | | | | | | | | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1981–82|1981–82]] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1982–83|1982–83]] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} | | | | | | | | | | | | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1983–84|1983–84]] |<!--bgcolor="gold" |1 --> | | | | | | | | | |Withdrawn | bgcolor="silver" |{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1984|ca|lt=Runner-up}} | | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1984–85|1984–85]] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} |{{interlanguage link|Lliga catalana de futbol femenina 1984-1985|ca|lt=3rd}} |10 |4 |3 |3 |23 |22 |'''11''' | — | bgcolor="gold" |'''{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1985|ca|lt=Champion}}''' | align="left" |[[Emilia Ibáñez Fernández|Emilia Ibáñez]] | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1985–86|1985–86]] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} |{{interlanguage link|Lliga catalana de futbol femenina 1985-1986|ca|lt=4th}} |24 |14 |5 |5 |111 |29 |'''33''' | — | bgcolor="silver" |{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1986|ca|lt=Runner-up}} | align="left" |[[Emilia Ibáñez Fernández|Emilia Ibàñez]] |40 |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1986–87|1986–87]] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} |{{interlanguage link|Lliga catalana de futbol femenina 1986-1987|ca|lt=4th}} |28 |18 |5 |3 |138 |31 |'''41'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hemeroteca - El Mundo Deportivo - Home |url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1987/05/22/pagina-22/1160318/pdf.html |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260107151256/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1987/05/22/pagina-22/1160318/pdf.html |archive-date=2026-01-07 |access-date=2026-08-04 |website=hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com |language=es}}</ref><!--After 26 games played: http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1987/04/03/pagina-20/1438517/pdf.html--> |— |{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1987|ca|lt=Semifinals}} | | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1987–88|1987–88]] | |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} |{{interlanguage link|Lliga catalana de futbol femenina 1987-1988|ca|lt=4th}} |14 |8 |1 |5 |36 |15 |'''17''' |— |{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1988|ca|lt=Round of 16}} | | |} === 1988–present === De RFEF recognised women's football insyd 1980; e found de official [[Liga F|Spanish League]] system wey dey begin insyd 1988. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="10" |League ! rowspan="2" align="center" |[[Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Cup]] ! rowspan="2" |[[Supercopa de España Femenina|Supercup]] ! rowspan="2" |[[Copa Catalunya (women's football)|Catalan Cup]] ! rowspan="2" align="center" |[[UEFA Women's Champions League|UWCL]] ! rowspan="2" align="center" |[[FIFA Women's Champions Cup|FWCC]] ! colspan="2" |Top scorer<ref name="Top scorer">All goals scored in [[La Liga]] or [[Segunda División]], including playoff games</ref> |- !Tier!!{{Tooltip|Div|Division}}!!{{Tooltip|Pos|Position}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|Pld|Played}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|Pts|Points}} !!Name(s) !!{{goal}} |- |'''[[1988–89 Club Femení Barcelona season|1988–89]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] ||[[1988–89 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|4th]]|| 16 || 7 || 6 || 3 || 30 || 25 ||'''20'''|| [[1989 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Withdrawn]] | rowspan="8" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | |{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1989|ca|lt=Quarterfinals}} | rowspan="13" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | rowspan="37" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1989–90 Club Femení Barcelona season|1989–90]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1989–90 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|5th]]|| 22 || 9 || 4 || 9 || 49 || 39 ||'''22'''|| Withdrawn |<!--Catalan Cup took place, uncertain if Barcelona participated. Barcelona Atlétic femenino did--> | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1990–91 FC Barcelona Femení season|1990–91]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1990–91 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|6th]] || 14 || 5 || 1 || 8 || 23 || 39 ||'''11'''|| bgcolor="silver" |{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1991|es|lt=Runner-up}} | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1991–92 FC Barcelona Femení season|1991–92]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="silver" | [[1991–92 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|2nd]] || 14 || 9 || 1 || 4 || 38 || 16 ||'''19'''||{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1992|es|lt=Semifinals}} | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1992–93 FC Barcelona Femení season|1992–93]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1992–93 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|3rd]] || 12 || 6 || 4 || 2 || 25 || 18 ||'''16'''||[[1993 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Round of 32]] | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1993–94 FC Barcelona Femení season|1993–94]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1993–94 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|3rd]] || 18 || 13 || 2 || 3 || 46 || 18 ||'''41'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1994|es|lt=Champion}}''' | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1994–95 FC Barcelona Femení season|1994–95]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1994–95 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|7th]] || 18 || 4 || 8 || 6 || 27 || 38 ||'''20'''||{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1995|es|lt=Round of 32}} | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1995–96 FC Barcelona Femení season|1995–96]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1995–96 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|8th]] || 16 || 5 || 1 || 10 || 24 || 34 ||'''16'''||{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1996|es|lt=Round of 16}} | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1996–97 FC Barcelona Femení season|1996–97]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 ||[[Primera División (women)|1ª]]|| [[1996–97 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|4th (Gr:3)]] || 26 || 20 || 1 || 5 || 103 || 28 ||'''61'''|| — || — | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1997–98 FC Barcelona Femení season|1997–98]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1997–98 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|2nd (Gr:3)]] || 26 || 20 || 3 || 2 || 137 || 25 ||'''63'''||{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1998|es|lt=First round}} || — | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1998–99 FC Barcelona Femení season|1998–99]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1998–99 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|5th (Gr:3)]] || 26 || 18 || 3 || 5 || 99 || 42 ||'''57'''|| — || — | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1999–2000 FC Barcelona Femení season|1999–00]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1999–2000 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|6th (Gr:3)]] || 24 || 13 || 2 || 9 || 64 || 29 ||'''41'''|| [[2000 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] || — | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2000–01 FC Barcelona Femení season|2000–01]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2000–01 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|4th (Gr:3)]] || 26 || 17 || 3 || 6 || 96 || 40 ||'''54'''|| [[2001 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|First round]] || rowspan="19" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | rowspan="5" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2001–02 FC Barcelona Femení season|2001–02]]''' | bgcolor="silver" |2 || [[Segunda División (women)|2ª]] || [[2001–02 Primera Nacional Femenina|1st (Gr:III)]] || 26 || 23 || 3 || 0 || 123 || 6 ||'''72'''|| [[2002 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | — | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2002–03 FC Barcelona Femení season|2002–03]]''' | bgcolor="silver" |2 || [[Segunda División (women)|2ª]] || [[2002–03 Primera Nacional Femenina|1st (Gr:III)]]|| 26 || 22 || 4 || 0 || 138 || 19 ||'''70'''|| [[2003 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | — | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2003–04 FC Barcelona Femení season|2003–04]]''' | bgcolor="silver" |2 || [[Segunda División (women)|2ª]] || bgcolor="#BBF3BB" | [[2003–04 Primera Nacional Femenina|1st (Gr:III)]] || 26 || 23 || 2 || 1 || 101 || 17 ||'''71'''|| [[2004 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | — | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2004–05 FC Barcelona Femení season|2004–05]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2004–05 Superliga Femenina|9th]] || 26 || 8 || 5 || 13 || 42 || 59 ||'''29'''|| [[2005 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | — | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2005–06 FC Barcelona Femení season|2005–06]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2005–06 Superliga Femenina|8th]] || 24 || 8 || 4 || 12 || 39 || 51 ||'''28'''||[[2006 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Quarterfinals]] | bgcolor="silver" | Runner-up | — | align="left" |{{flagicon|MEX}} [[Patricia Pérez (footballer)|Patricia Pérez]]||8 |- | '''[[2006–07 FC Barcelona Femení season|2006–07]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="#FFBBBB" | [[2006–07 Superliga Femenina|14th]] || 26 || 4 || 4 || 18 || 26 || 58 ||'''16'''|| [[2007 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | bgcolor="silver" | Runner-up | — | align="left" |[[Marta Unzué]]||6 |- | '''[[2007–08 FC Barcelona Femení season|2007–08]]'''|| bgcolor="silver" |2 ||[[Segunda División (women)|2ª]]|| bgcolor="#BBF3BB" | [[2007–08 Primera Nacional Femenina|1st (Gr:III)]] || 26 || 22 || 2 || 2 || 128 || 17 ||'''68'''|| [[2008 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | bgcolor="silver" | Runner-up | — | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2008–09 FC Barcelona Femení season|2008–09]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2008–09 Superliga Femenina|6th]] || 30 || 14 || 7 || 9 || 48 || 32 ||'''49'''||[[2009 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Semifinals]] | bgcolor="silver" | Runner-up | — | align="left" |[[Mari Paz Vilas]]||13 |- | '''[[2009–10 FC Barcelona Femení season|2009–10]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2009–10 Superliga Femenina|5th]]|| 26 || 13 || 4 || 9 || 42 || 29 ||'''43'''||[[2010 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Semifinals]] | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | — | align="left" |[[Marta Cubí]]||13 |- | '''[[2010–11 FC Barcelona Femení season|2010–11]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2010–11 Superliga Femenina|4th]]|| 28 || 15 || 5 || 8 || 53 || 26 ||'''50'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2011 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | — | align="left" |[[Olga García]] || 16 |- | '''[[2011–12 FC Barcelona Femení season|2011–12]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2011–12 Primera División (women)|1st]]'''|| 34 || 31 || 1 || 2 || 119 || 19 ||'''94'''||[[2012 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Semifinals]] | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | — | align="left" |[[Sonia Bermúdez (footballer)|Sonia Bermúdez]]|| 38 |- | '''[[2012–13 FC Barcelona Femení season|2012–13]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2012–13 Primera División (women)|1st]]'''|| 30 || 24 || 4 || 2 || 91 || 12 ||'''76'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2013 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''[[2012 Copa Catalunya (women's football)|Champion]]''' |[[2012–13 UEFA Women's Champions League|Round of 32]]|| align="left" |[[Sonia Bermúdez (footballer)|Sonia Bermúdez]]|| 20 |- | '''[[2013–14 FC Barcelona Femení season|2013–14]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2013–14 Primera División (women)|1st]]'''|| 30 || 25 || 4 || 1 || 82 || 11 ||'''79'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2014 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="silver" | [[2013 Copa Catalunya (women's football)|Runner-up]] |[[2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League|Quarterfinals]]|| align="left" |[[Sonia Bermúdez (footballer)|Sonia Bermúdez]]|| 28 |- | '''[[2014–15 FC Barcelona Femení season|2014–15]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2014–15 Primera División (women)|1st]]'''|| 30 || 25 || 2 || 3 || 93 || 9 ||'''77'''||[[2015 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Semifinals]] | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' |[[2014–15 UEFA Women's Champions League|Round of 16]]|| align="left" |[[Sonia Bermúdez (footballer)|Sonia Bermúdez]]|| 22 |- | '''[[2015–16 FC Barcelona Femení season|2015–16]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="silver" |[[2015–16 Primera División (women)|2nd]]|| 30 || 24 || 5 || 1 || 98 || 12 ||'''77'''|| bgcolor="silver" |[[2016 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Runner-up]] | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' |[[2015–16 UEFA Women's Champions League|Quarterfinals]]|| align="left" |[[Jennifer Hermoso]]|| 24 |- | '''[[2016–17 FC Barcelona Femení season|2016–17]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="silver" |[[2016–17 Primera División (women)|2nd]]|| 30 || 24 || 3 || 3 || 98 || 13 ||'''75'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2017 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League|Semifinals]]|| align="left" |[[Jennifer Hermoso]]|| 35 |- | '''[[2017–18 FC Barcelona Femení season|2017–18]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="silver" |[[2017–18 Primera División (women)|2nd]]|| 30 || 24 || 4 || 2 || 98 || 12 ||'''76'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2018 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' |[[2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League|Quarterfinals]]|| align="left" |[[Andressa Alves]] || 12 |- | '''[[2018–19 FC Barcelona Femení season|2018–19]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="silver" |[[2018–19 Primera División (women)|2nd]]|| 30 || 25 || 3 || 2 || 94 || 15 ||'''78'''||[[2018–19 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Semifinals]] | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | bgcolor="silver" |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League|Runner-up]]|| align="left" |[[Alexia Putellas]] || 16 |- | '''[[2019–20 FC Barcelona Femení season|2019–20]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2019–20 Primera División (women)|1st]]''' || 21 || 19 || 2 || 0 || 86 || 6 || '''59''' || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2019–20 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2019–20 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''{{interlanguage link|Copa Catalunya de futbol femenina 2019-2020|ca|lt=Champion}}''' || [[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League|Semifinals]] || align="left" |[[Jennifer Hermoso]]|| 23 |- | [[2020–21 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2020–21''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2020–21 Primera División (women)|1st]]''' || 34 || 33 || 0 || 1 || 167 || 15 || '''99''' || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2020–21 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | [[2020–21 Supercopa de España Femenina|Semifinals]] | rowspan="2" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League|Champion]]''' || align="left" | [[Jennifer Hermoso]]|| 31 |- | [[2021–22 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2021–22''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2021–22 Primera División (women)|1st]]''' || 30 || 30 || 0 || 0 || 159 || 11 || '''90''' || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2021–22 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2021–22 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="silver" |[[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League|Runner-up]] || align="left" | [[Asisat Oshoala]] || 20 |- | [[2022–23 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2022–23''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Liga F|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2022–23 Liga F|1st]]''' || 30 || 28 || 1 || 1 || 118 || 10 || '''85''' || [[2022–23 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Round of 16]] | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2022–23 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' || — | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League|Champion]]''' || align="left" | [[Asisat Oshoala]] || 21 |- | [[2023–24 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2023–24''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Liga F|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2023–24 Liga F|1st]]''' || 30 || 29 || 1 || 0 || 137 || 10 || '''88''' || bgcolor="gold" | '''[[2023–24 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2023–24 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' || [[2023 Copa Catalunya Femenina|—]] | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League|Champion]]''' || align="left" | [[Caroline Graham Hansen]] || 21 |- | [[2024–25 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2024–25''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Liga F|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2024–25 Liga F|1st]]''' || 30 || 28 || 0 || 2 || 128 || 16 || ''' 84 ''' || bgcolor="gold" | '''[[2024–25 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2024–25 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''[[2024–25 Copa Catalunya Femenina|Champion]]''' || bgcolor="silver" |[[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League|Runner-up]] || align="left" | [[Ewa Pajor]] || 25 |- |[[2025–26 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2025–26''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Liga F|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2025–26 Liga F|1st]]''' || 30 || 29 || 0 || 1 || 130 || 9 || '''87''' || bgcolor="gold" | '''[[2025–26 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2025–26 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' || [[2025–26 Copa Catalunya Femenina|—]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League|Champion]]''' || — || align="left" | [[Clàudia Pina]] || 21 |- |} == Record insyd UEFA Women's Champions League == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! width="250" |Competition ! width="30" |Pld ! width="30" |W ! width="30" |D ! width="30" |L ! width="30" |GF ! width="30" |GA ! width="30" |GD ! width="140" |Top Goalscorer(s) ! width="10" |Goals |- |[[UEFA Women's Champions League]] |111 |81 |10 |20 |309 |89 | +220 |[[Alexia Putellas]] |32 |} ''All results (away, home and aggregate) list FC Barcelona's goal tally first.'' ^f indicates the leg played first. {| class="wikitable" ! width="60" |Season !Round !Opponents !Away !Home !Aggregate !Scorers |- |[[2012–13 UEFA Women's Champions League|2012–13]] |[[2012–13 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[Arsenal L.F.C.|Arsenal]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–4 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–3 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |'''0–7''' | |- | rowspan="3" |[[2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League|2013–14]] |[[2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[Brøndby IF (women)|Brøndby]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |2–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |0–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |'''2–2''' ([[Away goals rule|a]]) |[[Marta Corredera|Corredera]], [[Jelena Čanković|Čanković]] |- |[[2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[FC Zürich Frauen|Zürich]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''6–1''' |[[Sonia Bermúdez (footballer)|Bermúdez]] (2), [[Vicky Losada|Losada]], [[Ruth García]], Corredera, Čanković |- |[[2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–3 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |'''0–5''' | |- | rowspan="2" |[[2014–15 UEFA Women's Champions League|2014–15]] |[[2014–15 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |{{flagicon|CZE}} [[SK Slavia Praha (women)|Slavia Prague]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–0''' |Ruth Garcia, [[Alexia Putellas|Putellas]], Bermúdez, [[Ana Romero|Romero]] |- |[[2014–15 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[Bristol City W.F.C.|Bristol Academy]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |'''1–2''' |Losada |- | rowspan="3" |[[2015–16 UEFA Women's Champions League|2015–16]] |[[2015–16 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[BIIK Kazygurt|Kazygurt]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–2''' |Ruth Garcia, [[Jennifer Hermoso|Hermoso]] (2), [[Melanie Serrano|Serrano]], [[Marta Unzué|Unzué]] |- |[[2015–16 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[FC Twente (women)|Twente]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''2–0''' |[[Olga García]] (2) |- |[[2015–16 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[Paris Saint-Germain Féminines|Paris Saint-Germain]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |0–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |'''0–1''' | |- | rowspan="4" |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League|2016–17]] |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[FC Minsk (women)|FC Minsk]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–1''' |Hermoso (3), [[Marta Torrejón|Torrejón]], [[Andressa Alves da Silva|Andressa Alves]] |- |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[FC Twente (women)|Twente]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–0''' |Hermoso, Torrejón, Andressa Alves, [[Bárbara Latorre|Latorre]], [[Ange N'Guessan (footballer, born 1990)|N'Guessan]] |- |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[FC Rosengård|Rosengård]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''3–0''' |[[Leila Ouahabi|Ouahabi]], Hermoso, [[Mariona Caldentey|Caldentey]] |- |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League#Semi-finals|Semi-final]] |[[Paris Saint-Germain Féminines|Paris Saint-Germain]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |1–3 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |'''1–5''' |Latorre |- | rowspan="3" |[[2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League|2017–18]] |[[2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[Avaldsnes IL|Avaldsnes]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''6–0''' |[[Lieke Martens|Martens]] (2), [[Toni Duggan|Duggan]], Andressa Alves, Caldentey, Losada |- |[[2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[Gintra Universitetas]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''9–0''' |[[Aitana Bonmatí|Bonmatí]], Caldentey (2), Duggan (2), Olga García, [[Nataša Andonova|Andonova]], [[Alexia Putellas|Putellas]], [[Ana Alekperova|Alekperova]] ([[Own goal|og]]) |- |[[2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[Olympique Lyonnais Féminin|Olympique Lyon]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |1–2 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |0–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |'''1–3''' |[[Patricia Guijarro|Guijarro]] |- | rowspan="5" |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League|2018–19]] |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[BIIK Kazygurt|Kazygurt]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |1–3 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–3''' |Duggan, Guijarro, Torrejón, Martens |- |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[Glasgow City F.C.|Glasgow City]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–0'''<ref>{{Cite web |author=Andrew Southwick |date=1 November 2018 |title=Glasgow City 0–3 Barcelona Femenino: Scottish champions' campaign over |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/46042737 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181104203714/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/46042737 |archive-date=4 November 2018 |access-date=5 November 2018 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> |[[Kheira Hamraoui|Hamraoui]], Bonmatí, Guijarro, Andressa Alves, [[Mapi León]], Duggan (2), Putellas |- |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[LSK Kvinner FK|Lillestrøm]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–0''' |Duggan (2), Caldentey, Martens |- |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League#Semi-finals|Semi-final]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[FC Bayern Munich (women)|Bayern Munich]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''2–0''' |Hamraoui, Caldentey |- | bgcolor="silver" |[[2019 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Budapest]]) | bgcolor="silver" |[[Olympique Lyonnais Féminin|Olympique Lyon]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="silver" |'''1–4''' |[[Asisat Oshoala|Oshoala]] |- | rowspan="4" |[[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League|2019–20]] |[[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |{{flagicon|Italy}} [[Juventus FC (women)|Juventus]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–1''' |Putellas (2), Torrejón, [[Stefanie van der Gragt|Van der Gragt]] |- |[[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[FC Minsk (women)|FC Minsk]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–1''' |Oshoala, Torrejón, Bonmatí (2), Hermoso, Putellas, Caldentey, Guijarro |- |[[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] ([[Bilbao]]) |[[Atlético Madrid Femenino|Atlético Madrid]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''1–0''' |Hamraoui |- |[[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League#Semi-finals|Semi-final]] ([[San Sebastián]]) |{{flagicon|GER}} [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |'''0–1''' | |- | rowspan="5" |[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League|2020–21]] |[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[PSV (women)|PSV]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–2''' |Martens (3), [[Caroline Graham Hansen|Graham Hansen]] (2), Hermoso, Oshoala, [[Mandy van den Berg|van den Berg]] (og) |- |[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[Fortuna Hjørring]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''9–0''' |Hermoso (3), Bonmatí (2), Putellas, Caldentey, Oshoala, Torrejón |- |[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[Manchester City W.F.C.|Manchester City]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |1–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–2''' |Oshoala (2), Caldentey, Hermoso |- |[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League#Semi-finals|Semi-final]] |[[Paris Saint-Germain Féminines|Paris Saint-Germain]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''3–2''' |Hermoso, Martens (2) |- | bgcolor="gold" |[[2021 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Gothenburg]]) | bgcolor="gold" |[[Chelsea F.C. Women|Chelsea]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="gold" |'''4–0''' |[[Melanie Leupolz|Leupolz]] (og), Putellas, Bonmatí, Graham Hansen |- | rowspan="6" |[[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League|2021–22]] | rowspan="3" |[[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League group stage|Group stage]] |[[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–1''' |Caldentey, Putellas, Oshoala, Martens, Bonmatí, Hermoso (2), [[Fridolina Rolfö|Rolfö]] |- |[[HB Køge (women)|Køge]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''7–0''' |Rolfö (2), Hermoso, Ouahabi, Putellas, [[Ingrid Syrstad Engen|Engen]], Martens |- |{{flagicon|GER}} [[TSG 1899 Hoffenheim (women)|1899 Hoffenheim]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''9–0''' |Hermoso, Putellas (3), Torrejón (2), [[Irene Paredes|Paredes]], Bonmatí, [[Ana-Maria Crnogorčević|Crnogorčević]] |- |[[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[Real Madrid Femenino|Real Madrid]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–3''' |Putellas (3), [[Clàudia Pina|Pina]] (2), Mapi León, Bonmatí, Graham Hansen |- |[[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League#Semi-finals|Semi-final]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |0–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–3''' |Bonmatí, Graham Hansen, Hermoso, Putellas (2) |- | bgcolor="silver" |[[2022 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ({{flagicon|ITA}} [[Turin]]) | bgcolor="silver" |[[Olympique Lyonnais Féminin|Olympique Lyon]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="silver" |'''1–3''' |Putellas |- | rowspan="6" |[[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League|2022–23]] | rowspan="3" |[[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League group stage#Group D|Group stage]] |[[S.L. Benfica (women)|Benfica]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |9–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''15–2''' |Guijarro, Bonmatí (2), Oshoala (2), Caldentey (2), Crnogorčević (2), [[Geyse]] (2), Pina (2), Paredes, [[Ana Seiça|Seiça]] (og) |- |[[FC Rosengård|Rosengård]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''10–1''' |Bonmatí (2), Caldentey (2), Oshoala (2), Mapi León, Rolfö, Torrejón, Paredes |- |{{flagicon|GER}} [[FC Bayern Munich (women)|Bayern Munich]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |1–3 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–3''' |Geyse (2), Bonmatí, Pina |- |[[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |{{flagicon|ITA}} [[A.S. Roma (women)|Roma]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''6–1''' |[[Salma Paralluelo|Paralluelo]], Rolfö (2), Mapi León, Oshoala, Guijarro |- |[[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]] |[[Chelsea F.C. Women|Chelsea]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''2–1''' |Graham Hansen (2) |- | bgcolor="gold" |[[2023 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Eindhoven]]) | bgcolor="gold" |{{flagicon|GER}} [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="gold" |'''3–2''' |Guijarro (2), Rolfö |- | rowspan="6" |[[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League|2023–24]] | rowspan="3" |[[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League group stage#Group A|Group stage]] |[[S.L. Benfica (women)|Benfica]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |4–4 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''9–4''' |Putellas (2), Bonmatí (2), Oshoala, Graham Hansen, Guijarro, [[Lucy Bronze|Bronze]] |- |{{flagicon|GER}} [[Eintracht Frankfurt (women)|Eintracht Frankfurt]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–1''' |Paralluelo (2), Caldentey, Guijarro, Graham Hansen |- |[[FC Rosengård|Rosengård]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |7–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''13–0''' |[[Jessica Wik|Wik]] (og)(2), Paralluelo (3), Guijarro, Bonmatí, Caldentey, [[Martina Fernández|Martina]], [[Keira Walsh|Walsh]], Graham Hansen, Pina, Torrejón |- |[[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[SK Brann Kvinner|Brann]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–2''' |Graham Hansen, Paralluelo, Bonmatí, Rolfö, Guijarro |- |[[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]] |[[Chelsea F.C. Women|Chelsea]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |0–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''2–1''' |Bonmatí, Rolfö |- | bgcolor="gold" |[[2024 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Bilbao]]) | bgcolor="gold" |[[Olympique Lyonnais Féminin|Olympique Lyon]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="gold" |'''2–0''' |Bonmatí, Putellas |- | rowspan="6" |[[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League|2024–25]] | rowspan="3" |[[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League group stage#Group D|Group stage]] |[[Manchester City W.F.C.|Manchester City]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–2 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''3–2''' |Pina, Bonmatí, Putellas |- |[[Hammarby Fotboll (women)|Hammarby]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |9–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''12–0''' |Graham Hansen (2), Pina (2), Putellas, Mapi León, [[Ewa Pajor|Pajor]] (3), [[Esmee Brugts|Brugts]], Rolfö, Bonmatí |- |[[SKN St. Pölten (women)|St. Pölten]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |7–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''11–1''' |Pajor, [[Kika Nazareth|Nazareth]] (3), Bonmatí, Walsh, Pina (2), Graham Hansen, [[Vicky López|López]], Putellas |- |[[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''10–2''' |[[Caitlin Dijkstra|Dijkstra]] (og), Paredes, Paralluelo (3), [[Sydney Schertenleib|Schertenleib]], Brugts, Pina (2), Mapi León |- |[[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]] |[[Chelsea F.C. Women|Chelsea]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–2''' |Pajor (2), Pina (3), Paredes, Bonmatí, Paralluelo |- | bgcolor="silver" |[[2025 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Lisbon]]) | bgcolor="silver" |[[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="silver" |'''0–1''' | |- | rowspan="9" |[[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League|2025–26]] | rowspan="6" |[[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League league phase|League phase]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[FC Bayern Munich (women)|Bayern Munich]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |7–1 | rowspan="6" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''1st''' |Putellas, Pajor (2), Brugts, Paralluelo, Pina (2) |- |{{flagicon|ITA}} [[AS Roma (women)|Roma]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | |Brugts, Nazareth, Putellas, Graham Hansen |- |[[Oud-Heverlee Leuven (women)|OH Leuven]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 |Putellas, [[Kim Everaerts|Everaerts]] (og), Paredes |- |[[Chelsea F.C. Women|Chelsea]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | |Pajor |- |[[S.L. Benfica (women)|Benfica]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 |Pajor, [[Christy Ucheibe|Ucheibe]] (og), [[Laia Aleixandri|Aleixandri]] |- |[[Paris FC (women)|Paris FC]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | |López, Graham Hansen |- |[[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[Real Madrid Femenino|Real Madrid]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–2 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''12–2''' |Pajor (3), Brugts (2), Paredes (2), López, Putellas (2), Graham Hansen (2) |- |[[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[FC Bayern Munich (women)|Bayern Munich]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–3''' |Pajor (2), Paralluelo, Putellas (2) |- | bgcolor="gold" |[[2026 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Oslo]]) | bgcolor="gold" |[[OL Lyonnes|Lyon]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="gold" |'''4–0''' |Pajor (2), Paralluelo (2) |} == Honours == === Official === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="font-size:95%; text-align:center;" |+FC Barcelona Femení honours<ref>{{cite web|title=Barça Women honours|url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/honours|work=FC Barcelona|access-date=2025-10-07|archive-date=11 October 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251011120703/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/honours|url-status=live}}</ref> !style="width:5"|Type !style="width:5"|Competition !style="width:5"|Titles !style="width:5"|Winning Seasons !style="width:5"|Runners-up |- |rowspan="4" |'''Domestic''' ! scope=col|[[Liga F]] |bgcolor="gold"|'''11''' |align="left"|[[2011–12 Primera División (women)|2011–12]], [[2012–13 Primera División (women)|2012–13]], [[2013–14 Primera División (women)|2013–14]], [[2014–15 Primera División (women)|2014–15]], [[2019–20 Primera División (women)|2019–20]], [[2020–21 Primera División (women)|2020–21]], [[2021–22 Primera División (women)|2021–22]], [[2022–23 Liga F|2022–23]], [[2023–24 Liga F|2023–24]], [[2024–25 Liga F|2024–25]], [[2025–26 Liga F|2025–26]] |align="left"|[[1991–92 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|1991–92]], [[2015–16 Primera División (women)|2015–16]], [[2016–17 Primera División (women)|2016–17]], [[2017–18 Primera División (women)|2017–18]], [[2018–19 Primera División (women)|2018–19]] |- ! scope=col|[[Copa de la Reina]] |bgcolor="gold"|'''12''' |align="left"|{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1994|es|lt=1994}}, [[2011 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2011]], [[2013 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2013]], [[2014 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2014]], [[2017 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2017]], [[2018 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2018]], [[2019–20 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2019–20]], [[2020–21 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2020–21]], [[2021–22 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2021–22]], [[2023–24 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2023–24]], [[2024–25 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2024–25]], [[2025–26 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2025–26]] |align="left"|{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1991|es|lt=1991}}, [[2016 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2016]] |- ! scope=col|[[Supercopa de España Femenina]] |bgcolor="gold"|'''6''' |align="left"|[[2019–20 Supercopa de España Femenina|2019–20]], [[2021–22 Supercopa de España Femenina|2021–22]], [[2022–23 Supercopa de España Femenina|2022–23]], [[2023–24 Supercopa de España Femenina|2023–24]], [[2024–25 Supercopa de España Femenina|2024–25]], [[2025–26 Supercopa de España Femenina|2025–26]] |align="left"| |- ! scope=col|[[Primera Nacional de Fútbol (women)|Segunda División]] (Group III) |bgcolor="gold"|'''4''' |align="left"|2001–02, 2002–03, 2003–04, 2007–08 | |- |'''Continental''' ! scope=col|[[UEFA Women's Champions League]] |align="center"|'''4''' |align="left"|[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League|2020–21]], [[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League|2022–23]], [[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League|2023–24]], [[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League|2025–26]] |align="left"|[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League|2018–19]], [[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League|2021–22]], [[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League|2024–25]] |- |- | rowspan="2" |'''Regional''' ! scope=col|[[Copa Catalunya (women's football)|Copa Catalunya Femenina]] |bgcolor="gold"|'''11''' |align="left"|2009, 2010, 2011, [[2012 Copa Catalunya (women's football)|2012]], 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, {{interlanguage link|Copa Catalunya de futbol femenina 2019–2020|ca|lt=2019}}, [[2024–25 Copa Catalunya Femenina|2024–25]] |align="left"|2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, [[2013 Copa Catalunya (women's football)|2013]] |- ! scope=col|[[Copa Catalunya Femenina#Copa Generalitat/Copa Catalana (1981–2000)|Copa Generalitat/Copa Catalana]] |bgcolor="gold"|'''4''' |align="left"|{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1985|ca|lt=1985}},<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barça Women won the first official title in their history 35 years ago |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1699636/barca-women-won-the-first-official-title-in-their-history-35-years-ago |date=28 June 2020 |website=FC Barcelona |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015140559/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1699636/barca-women-won-the-first-official-title-in-their-history-35-years-ago |archive-date= 15 October 2023 }}</ref> 1991–92, 1994–95, 1999–2000<ref name="Palmares26">{{cite web |date=5 May 2026 |title=El Palmarès de la Copa Catalunya femenina |url=https://www.fcf.cat/noticia/el-palmares-de-la-copa-catalunya-femenina/05/05/2026 |website=Catalan Football Federation |language=ca |access-date=21 June 2026 |archive-date=14 July 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260714115127/https://www.fcf.cat/noticia/el-palmares-de-la-copa-catalunya-femenina/05/05/2026 |url-status=live }}</ref> |align="left"|{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1984|ca|lt=1984}}, {{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1986|ca|lt=1986}} |} * {{legend|gold|Record}} * {{sup|S}} Shared record === Invitational === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="font-size:95%; text-align:center;" !Competition !Titles !Seasons |- ! scope=col|[[Joan Gamper Trophy#Women's Gamper Trophy|Joan Gamper Trophy]] |align="center" bgcolor="gold"|'''4''' | [[2021–22 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and Friendlies|2021]], [[2022–23 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and friendlies|2022]], [[2023–24 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and friendlies|2023]], [[2024–25 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and friendlies|2024]] |- ! scope=col|[[COTIF Women's Football Tournament]] |align="center"|'''1''' | [[COTIF Women's Football Tournament#2014|2014]] |- ! scope=col|[[Teide Trophy]] |align="center"|'''1''' | [[2022–23 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and friendlies|2022]] |- ! scope=col|[[Sport Mundi Tournament]] |align="center"|'''0''' | [[2008–09 FC Barcelona Femení season#Sport Mundi Tournament|2008]] (2º), [[2009–10 FC Barcelona Femení season#Torneig Sport Mundi|2009]] (2º) |- ! scope=col|[[Pyrénées International Women's Cup]] |align="center"|'''0''' | [[Pyrénées International Women's Cup#2010|2010]] (2º), [[Pyrénées International Women's Cup#2012|2012]] (2º) |- ! scope=col|[[Valais Women's Cup]] |align="center"|'''0''' | [[Valais Women's Cup#2014|2014]] (3º) |- ! scope=col|[[Women's International Champions Cup]] |align="center"|'''0''' | [[2021 Women's International Champions Cup|2021]] (3º) |- ! scope=col|{{interlanguage link|Women's French Cup|fr|lt=AMOS Women's French Cup}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Le site Officiel du tournoi de la Amos Womens' French Cup 2022 – Accueil du site de la quatrième édition |url=https://womensfrenchcup.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206041917/https://womensfrenchcup.com/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |website=womensfrenchcup.com}}</ref> |align="center"|'''0''' | [[2022–23 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and friendlies|2022]] (3º) |- |} ===Odas awards=== {| class="wikitable" ! style="background:#26559B; color:#FFF000; {{box-shadow border|a|#C32148|2px}}" |Award ! style="background:#26559B; color:#FFF000; {{box-shadow border|a|#C32148|2px}}" |Year(s) ! style="background:#26559B; color:#FFF000; {{box-shadow border|a|#C32148|2px}}" |Ref.(s) |- | [[Mundo Deportivo|Gala de Fútbol Femenino]] – Extraordinary Award: Record Attendance | 2022 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2022 |title=FC Barcelona shines at Mundo Deportivo European Women's Football Gala |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2873469/fc-barcelona-shines-at-mundo-deportivo-european-womens-football-gala |access-date=25 October 2022 |website=FC Barcelona |archive-date=24 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221024213029/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2873469/fc-barcelona-shines-at-mundo-deportivo-european-womens-football-gala |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | [[Royal Spanish Football Federation|Golsmedia FutbolFest Awards]] – SuperCampeonas 2022 Award: Best Women's Football Club |[[2021–22 FC Barcelona Femení season|2021–22]] | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Barça Women honoured at the 2022 Golsmedia awards ceremony |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2898277/barca-women-honoured-at-the-2022-golsmedia-awards-ceremony |access-date=11 November 2022 |website=FC Barcelona |archive-date=11 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221111014649/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2898277/barca-women-honoured-at-the-2022-golsmedia-awards-ceremony |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | [[IFFHS World's Best Club#Women's winners|IFFHS Women's World's Best Club]] | 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web|date=14 January 2022|title=IFFHS AWARDS – WOMEN'S WORLD BEST CLUB 2021|url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-awards-womens-world-best-club-2021-1584|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220114143139/https://www.iffhs.com/posts/1584|archive-date=14 January 2022|access-date=14 January 2022|website=IFFHS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=26 January 2023|title=IFFHS WOMEN'S CLUB WORLD RANKING 2022|url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-club-world-ranking-2022-2501|access-date=26 January 2023|website=IFFHS|archive-date=14 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220114143139/https://www.iffhs.com/posts/2501|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=14 May 2023 |title=THE IFFHS AWARD 2022 FOR FC BARCELONA |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/the-iffhs-award-2022-for-fc-barcelona-2742 |access-date=14 May 2023 |website=IFFHS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=6 January 2024 |title=IFFHS Women's Club World Ranking 2023: Barcelona always ! |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-club-world-ranking-2023-3303 |access-date=6 January 2024 |website=IFFHS |archive-date=26 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526204622/https://iffhs.com/posts/3303 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 January 2025 |title=IFFHS AWARDS 2024 – FC BARCELONA, WOMEN'S WORLD BEST CLUB |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-awards-2024-fc-barcelona-womens-world-best-club-4105 |access-date=8 January 2025 |website=IFFHS |archive-date=30 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251130182010/https://iffhs.com/posts/4105 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2025 |title=IFFHS AWARDS 2024 IN BARCELONA |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-awards-2024-in-barcelona-4189 |access-date=12 February 2025 |website=IFFHS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2026 |title=IFFHS WOMEN'S CLUB WORLD RANKING 2025 |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-club-world-ranking-2025-4847 |access-date=8 January 2026 |website=IFFHS |archive-date=11 January 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260111060002/https://iffhs.com/posts/4847 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | [[IFFHS World's Best Club#Continental rankings (women)|IFFHS Women's UEFA Best Club]] | 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 January 2022 |title=IFFHS WOMEN'S CONTINENTAL CLUBS AND LEAGUES 2021 – UEFA |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-continental-clubs-and-leagues-2021-uefa-1600 |website=IFFHS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 February 2023 |title=IFFHS Women's Club Continental Ranking 2022 – UEFA |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-club-continental-rankings-2022-uefa-2523 |website=IFFHS |access-date=8 May 2024 |archive-date=13 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240413151752/https://iffhs.com/posts/2523 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2024 |title=IFFHS Women's Club Continental Ranking 2023 – FC BARCELONA THE FIRST IN UEFA |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-club-continental-ranking-2023-uefa-3315 |access-date=12 January 2024 |website=IFFHS |archive-date=12 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240112192200/https://iffhs.com/posts/3315 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | ''[[:es:Panenka (revista)|Panenka]]'' Premi Antonín del Año – Cultural values in Spanish football | 2022 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 February 2023 |title=El FC Barcelona Femení, guardonat a la gala Panenka |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/futbol/femeni-a/noticies/3052444/el-fc-barcelona-femeni-guardonat-a-la-gala-panenka |access-date=7 February 2023 |website=FC Barcelona |language=ca}}</ref> |- | Premio Culer Femenino | 2023 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |date=30 May 2023 |title=El Barça de fútbol femenino, premio 'Culer femenino' |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/barca-futbol-femenino-premio-culer-88066266 |access-date=5 June 2023 |website=Sport |language=es |archive-date=5 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605152610/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/barca-futbol-femenino-premio-culer-88066266 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=El primer equipo masculino, premio Culer del Año en una gala 100% azulgrana |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/club/noticias/3501033/el-primer-equipo-masculino-premio-culer-del-ano-en-una-gala-100-azulgrana |access-date=5 June 2023 |website=FC Barcelona |language=es |archive-date=5 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605152607/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/club/noticias/3501033/el-primer-equipo-masculino-premio-culer-del-ano-en-una-gala-100-azulgrana |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |[[Medalla d'Honor del Parlament de Catalunya]] |2023 | style="text-align:center" |<ref name=":42">{{Cite web |date=25 July 2023 |title=Medalla de oro del Parlament para el Barça femenino |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20230725/1002043458/medalla-oro-parlament-barca-femenino.html |access-date=29 July 2023 |website=Mundo Deportivo |language=es |archive-date=29 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230729224332/https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20230725/1002043458/medalla-oro-parlament-barca-femenino.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |[[Ballon d'Or#Additional awards|Ballon d'Or – Women's Club of the Year]] |[[2023 Ballon d'Or#Women's Club of the Year|2023]], [[2024 Ballon d'Or#Women's Club of the Year|2024]] | style="text-align:center" |<ref name=":17">{{Cite web |date=30 October 2023 |title=Barça, best women's team of 2023 |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/3761460/barca-best-womens-team-of-2023 |access-date=31 October 2023 |website=FC Barcelona |archive-date=31 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031050746/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/3761460/barca-best-womens-team-of-2023 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":18">{{Cite news |date=30 October 2023 |title=Ballon d'Or 2023 : le Barça sacré club féminin de l'année |trans-title=Ballon d'Or 2023: Barça crowned women's club of the year |url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Ballon-d-or-2023-le-barca-sacre-club-feminin-de-l-annee/1428906 |access-date=31 October 2023 |work=[[L'Équipe]] |language=fr |archive-date=30 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030203035/https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Ballon-d-or-2023-le-barca-sacre-club-feminin-de-l-annee/1428906 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ballon d'Or 2024 : le FC Barcelone sacré club féminin de l'année (Foot) |trans-title=Ballon d'Or 2024: FC Barcelona crowned women's club of the year (Football) |url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Le-fc-barcelone-sacre-club-feminin-de-l-annee-au-ballon-d-or-2024/1516900 |access-date=11 November 2024 |website=L'Équipe |language=fr |archive-date=30 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130162534/https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Le-fc-barcelone-sacre-club-feminin-de-l-annee-au-ballon-d-or-2024/1516900 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |Football Content Awards – Best Football Club, Women's Football Gold Award |2023 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cooper |first=Anthony |date=17 November 2023 |title=Winners of the Football Content Awards 2023 |url=https://footballcontentawards.com/2023/11/17/winners-of-the-football-content-awards-2023/ |access-date=20 November 2023 |website=Football Content Awards |language=en |archive-date=20 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120143434/https://footballcontentawards.com/2023/11/17/winners-of-the-football-content-awards-2023/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |[[Globe Soccer Awards|Globe Soccer Awards – Best Women's Club of the Year]] |[[Globe Soccer Awards#2021|2021]], [[Globe Soccer Awards#2023|2023]], [[Globe Soccer Awards#2024 – Europe Edition|2024 (Eu)]], [[Globe Soccer Awards#2024|2024]], [[Globe Soccer Awards#2025|2025]] | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 December 2021 |title=F.C. Barcelona: Best Women's Club of the Year |url=https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/f-c-barcelona-best-womens-club-of-the-year-2021/ |access-date=18 February 2025 |website=Globe Soccer |archive-date=22 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250422092130/https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/f-c-barcelona-best-womens-club-of-the-year-2021/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=19 January 2024 |title=F.C. Barcelona: Best Women's Club |url=https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2023/ |access-date=18 February 2025 |website=Globe Soccer |archive-date=13 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250213022435/https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2023/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=29 May 2024 |title=F.C. Barcelona: BEST WOMEN'S CLUB |url=https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/f-c-barcelona-best-womens-club-2024/ |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Globe Soccer |archive-date=29 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529122257/https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/f-c-barcelona-best-womens-club-2024/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 December 2024 |title=FC Barcelona: Best Women's Club – Silversands |url=https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2024/ |access-date=18 February 2025 |website=Globe Soccer |archive-date=13 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250213025808/https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2024/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=28 December 2025 |title=FC Barcelona: Best Women's Club – AGMC |url=https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2025/ |access-date=8 January 2026 |website=Globe Soccer |archive-date=19 January 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260119054021/https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2025/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |[[World Soccer (magazine)#Women's World Team of the Year|World Soccer Magazine – Women's World Team of the Year]] |2021, 2024 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite magazine |magazine=World Soccer |date=January 2022 |page=53 |title=2021 Winners}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|magazine=[[World Soccer (magazine)|World Soccer]]|date=January 2025|page=31|title=2024 winners}}</ref> |} == Records == ::'''Bold''' dey indicate still-current records <!--Listed chronologically, then under the same top-level record for those which the team has held/broken multiple times--> * Highest unofficial attendance at a women's football match: 60,000 (25 December 1970, til 15 August 1971; [[Selecció Barcelona 0–0 UE Centelles|Barcelona vs. UE Centelles]], [[Camp Nou]])<ref name="Burhan2021">{{cite web |last=Burhan |first=Asif |title=Camp Nou To Host Spanish Women's League Match For The First Time |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/asifburhan/2021/01/05/camp-nou-to-host-spanish-womens-league-match-for-the-first-time/ |access-date=6 June 2023 |website=Forbes |archive-date=6 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606230129/https://www.forbes.com/sites/asifburhan/2021/01/05/camp-nou-to-host-spanish-womens-league-match-for-the-first-time/ |url-status=live }}</ref> * Highest salary for a female footballer: **€250,000 (2017–2018; [[Lieke Martens]])<ref name=":12" /><ref name=Parking/><ref name=":24">{{Cite web |last1=Rendell |first1=Sarah |last2=Wright |first2=Andy |date=17 October 2024 |title=Who is the best paid women's footballer? |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/who-is-the-best-paid-womens-footballer |website=FourFourTwo |access-date=4 December 2024 |archive-date=4 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204175819/https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/who-is-the-best-paid-womens-footballer |url-status=live }}</ref> **€700,000 (2024–2024; [[Alexia Putellas]])<ref name=":24" /> **'''€1'''{{Nbsp}}'''million''' (2024; [[Aitana Bonmatí]])<ref name=":24" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=16 September 2024 |title=Aitana Bonmati becomes highest-paid player in women's football as Barcelona star signs record-breaking contract until 2028 |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/lists/aitana-bonmati-highest-paid-player-women-football-barcelona-record-breaking-contract-2028/blt91e3383e73183952#csba2038161d52c3d7 |website=Goal |access-date=16 September 2024 |archive-date=16 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240916133117/https://www.goal.com/en-gb/lists/aitana-bonmati-highest-paid-player-women-football-barcelona-record-breaking-contract-2028/blt91e3383e73183952#csba2038161d52c3d7 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Harpur |first=Charlotte |title=Aitana Bonmati set to sign lucrative Barcelona contract extension |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5749591/2024/09/06/aitana-bonmati-barcelona-contract/ |work=The New York Times |date=6 September 2024 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=16 September 2024 |access-date=16 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240916133117/https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5749591/2024/09/06/aitana-bonmati-barcelona-contract/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=5 September 2024|title=El contrato millonario que aleja a Aitana Bonmatí del Chelsea: mejor pagada que Alexia|url=https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/culemania/secciones/20240905/el-millonario-que-aitana-bonmati-chelsea-alexia/883661744_0.html|website=Crónica Global|language=es|access-date=16 September 2024|archive-date=16 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240916133822/https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/culemania/secciones/20240905/el-millonario-que-aitana-bonmati-chelsea-alexia/883661744_0.html|url-status=live}}</ref> * Highest attendance at a women's football domestic league match: **26,000 (5 May 2013; [[Athletic Club (women)|Athletic Club]] vs. Barcelona, [[San Mamés Stadium (1913)|San Mamés Stadium]])<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pedraza |first=Jacobo |date=10 September 2018 |title=España es una potencia (también) en fútbol femenino |language=es |work=El País |url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2018/09/10/actualidad/1536565151_435200.html |access-date=21 November 2023 |issn=1134-6582 |archive-date=11 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211184756/https://elpais.com/deportes/2018/09/10/actualidad/1536565151_435200.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=17 años del primer partido del Athletic femenino en San Mamés {{!}} Athletic Club |url=https://www.athletic-club.eus/noticias/2020/03/30/17-anos-del-primer-partido-del-athletic-femenino-en-san-mames |access-date=21 November 2023 |website=www.athletic-club.eus |archive-date=15 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215150633/https://www.athletic-club.eus/noticias/2020/03/30/17-anos-del-primer-partido-del-athletic-femenino-en-san-mames |url-status=live }}</ref> **'''60,739''' (17 March 2019; [[Atlético Madrid Femenino|Atlético Madrid]] vs. Barcelona, [[Metropolitano Stadium]])<ref>{{cite web |title=60.739 espectadores en el Wanda: récord de un partido femenino a nivel de clubes |date=17 March 2019 |url=https://www.marca.com/futbol/futbol-femenino/primera-division/2019/03/17/5c8d58f922601df9688b464f.html |publisher=Marca |language=es |access-date=8 May 2024 |archive-date=24 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250124151822/https://www.marca.com/futbol/futbol-femenino/primera-division/2019/03/17/5c8d58f922601df9688b464f.html |url-status=live }}</ref> * Most consecutive victories insyd all competitions: '''45 wins''' (from 6 June 2021 to 22 April 2022)<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 April 2022 |title=Barcelona Femeni lose to Wolfsburg in Women's Champions League as 45-match win streak snapped |url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/barcelona-femeni-lose-to-wolfsburg-in-women-s-champions-league-as-45-match-win-streak-snapped/blt95a778e1296f2b15 |website=Goal.com |access-date=30 August 2022 |archive-date=30 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220830174851/https://www.goal.com/en/news/barcelona-femeni-lose-to-wolfsburg-in-women-s-champions-league-as-45-match-win-streak-snapped/blt95a778e1296f2b15 |url-status=live }}</ref> * Most consecutive victories insyd league competition: '''62 wins''' (from [[2020–21 FC Barcelona Femení season#Matches|6 June 2021]] to [[2022–23 FC Barcelona Femení season#Matches|6 May 2023]], including the [[2021–22 FC Barcelona Femení season#Matches|2021–22 season]])<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 May 2023 |title=Barcelona women's historic 62-game winning streak ends after Sevilla draw |url=https://www.foxsports.com/stories/soccer/barcelona-womens-historic-62-game-winning-streak-ends-after-sevilla-draw |website=FoxSports.com |access-date=28 May 2024 |archive-date=28 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240528003612/https://www.foxsports.com/stories/soccer/barcelona-womens-historic-62-game-winning-streak-ends-after-sevilla-draw |url-status=live }}</ref> * Highest official attendance at a women's football match: **91,553 (30 March 2022; Barcelona vs [[Real Madrid Femenino|Real Madrid]], Camp Nou)<ref name="Gulino" /> **'''91,648''' (22 April 2022; Barcelona vs [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]], Camp Nou)<ref name="ESPN-UWCLSF" /> * [[List of most expensive women's association football transfers|Most expensive transfer of a women's footballer]]: €470,000 (7 September 2022, til 2024; [[Keira Walsh]], [[Manchester City W.F.C.|Manchester City]] to Barcelona)<ref name=":13" /> * Largest [[Road (sports)#Association football|travelling contingent]] for a women's football match: '''40,000''' (25 May 2024; [[2024 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Barcelona vs. Lyon]], [[San Mamés Stadium (2013)|San Mamés Stadium]])<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2024 |title=40.000 culés ya toman Bilbao en otro récord global del femenino |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20240525/1002252977/40-000-cules-bilbao-record-global-femenino.html |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=Mundo Deportivo |language=es |archive-date=26 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526014957/https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20240525/1002252977/40-000-cules-bilbao-record-global-femenino.html |url-status=live }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{Official website}} {{in lang|ca}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Barcelona (women)}} [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení| ]] [[Category:FC Barcelona]] [[Category:Women's football clubs insyd Spain]] [[Category:1970 establishments insyd Catalonia]] [[Category:Football clubs insyd Barcelona]] [[Category:Liga F clubs]] [[Category:Women's sport insyd Catalonia]] rsim8uo0i9yxczg388ykjdwfrcr1s88 109034 109033 2026-08-04T17:28:01Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 109034 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Futbol Club Barcelona Femení''', dem commonly refer to as '''Barça Femení''' ((Catalan pronunciation: &#x5B;ˈbaɾsə fəməˈni&#x5D;)<ref>{{cite web |date=29 May 2022 |title=El Barça Femení es proclama campió de la Copa de la Reina enderrocant l'Sporting de Huelva (6–1) |url=https://www.elnacional.cat/ca/esports/barca-femeni-campio-copa-reina-enderrocant-sporting-huelva-6-1_764826_102.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826033107/https://www.elnacional.cat/ca/esports/barca-femeni-campio-copa-reina-enderrocant-sporting-huelva-6-1_764826_102.html |archive-date=26 August 2022 |access-date=26 August 2022 |publisher=El Nacional |language=ca}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=30 March 2022 |title=El Barça Femení goleja al Madrid i fa història amb el rècord mundial d'assistència de públic |url=https://www.publico.es/public/barca-femeni-goleja-madrid-i-fa-historia-amb-record-mundial-d-assistencia-public.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826033109/https://www.publico.es/public/barca-femeni-goleja-madrid-i-fa-historia-amb-record-mundial-d-assistencia-public.html |archive-date=26 August 2022 |access-date=26 August 2022 |publisher=Público.es |language=ca}}</ref> anaa simply '''Barça''', be a Spanish professional women's football team wey base insyd Barcelona, Catalonia. E be de women's football section of FC Barcelona den dey compete insyd de Liga F, de top tier of Spanish women's football, wey dey play home games at de Johan Cruyff Stadium insyd Sant Joan Despí, den occasionally at de Camp Nou anaa Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys. Dem form de club insyd 1970 plus sam financial den logistical support from FC Barcelona, buh widout e be an official section. Insyd ein inaugural season e compete insyd matches against oda Catalan teams; na originally be known as '''Selecció Ciutat de Barcelona''' before e take de name '''Peña Femenina Barcelonista''' insyd 1971. Shortly after dem officially recognize women's football insyd Spain, de team cam be known as '''Club Femení Barcelona''' insyd 1983 til 2002, wen e officially cam be a section of FC Barcelona wey e take de official name Futbol Club Barcelona. Domestically, Barcelona Femení be de most successful Spanish women's team, plus eleven league titles, twelve Copas de la Reina, den six Supercopas, as well as eleven Copas Catalunyas. E sanso win de previous second tier of Spanish women's football a record four times after e battle relegation den fighting for promotion thru out de 2000s. Since de club ein professionalisation insyd 2015, Barcelona cement einself as Spain ein dominant women's football team, wey e cam be de league ein most successful team insyd de UEFA Women's Champions League, den one of de most successful women's football teams insyd Europe. E win de Champions League insyd 2021, 2023, 2024 den 2026; plus ein first Champions League title, Barcelona cam be de first (den only) Spanish women's team to complete a continental treble, den plus ein third Champions League win, dem cam be de first (den only) Spanish women's team to complete a continental quadruple.<ref name=":19">{{Cite web |last=Rodergas |first=Clara |date=26 May 2024 |title=Històriques i eternes |url=https://www.lesportiudecatalunya.cat/barca/article/2421868-historiques-i-eternes.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526001615/https://www.lesportiudecatalunya.cat/barca/article/2421868-historiques-i-eternes.html |archive-date=26 May 2024 |access-date=26 May 2024 |website=L'Esportiu de Catalunya |language=ca}}</ref> == History == === 1970s: Beginnings === Women's football insyd Spain, particularly Barcelona, get a certain level of popularity insyd de 1960s, buh na e be amateur, unofficial den technically banned.<ref name="Alcalde 20202">{{cite journal |last1=Alcalde |first1=Maria Dolors Ribalta |last2=Martí |first2=Xavier Pujadas |date=22 January 2020 |title=Women, Football, and Francoism: Lesbians and the Formation of Social Networks through Women's Football in Barcelona, 1970–1979 |url=https://cogentoa.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09523367.2020.1722646 |url-status=dead |journal=The International Journal of the History of Sport |volume=37 |issue=1–2 |pages=94–112 |doi=10.1080/09523367.2020.1722646 |hdl=20.500.14342/4153 |s2cid=214040923 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220803184756/https://cogentoa.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09523367.2020.1722646 |archive-date=3 August 2022 |via=cogentoa.tandfonline.com (Atypon) |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Na de "embryo" of Barcelona Femení be de Selecció Ciutat de Barcelona, dem form insyd November 1970.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Oinam |first=Jayanta |date=13 August 2023 |title=Camp Nou and the world record attendance for a women's match |url=https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/articles/camp-nou-and-the-world-record-attendance-for-a-womens-match |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121061027/https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/articles/camp-nou-and-the-world-record-attendance-for-a-womens-match |archive-date=21 November 2023 |access-date=31 January 2024 |website=FIFA}}</ref><ref name=":022">{{Cite web |date=24 December 2020 |title=FC Barcelona Women's Golden Anniversary |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1949097/fc-barcelona-womens-golden-anniversary |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250623133459/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1949097/fc-barcelona-womens-golden-anniversary |archive-date=23 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=en}}</ref> Insyd at least as early as de 1960s, FC Barcelona get women's teams play insyd exhibition games at de Camp Nou; de club no dey consider dese as antecedents to ein current women's team as na dem "[be] teams wey be created only for dat occasion, unlike Selecció Ciutat [de Barcelona], wich na dem create plus de idea of continuity den dey lay de groundwork for a future project."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barça Women return to Camp Nou 50 years after first game played by pioneers |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.fr/fr/actualites/1945516/barca-women-return-to-camp-nou-50-years-after-first-game-played-by-pioneers |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304132731/https://www.fcbarcelona.fr/fr/actualites/1945516/barca-women-return-to-camp-nou-50-years-after-first-game-played-by-pioneers |archive-date=4 March 2024 |access-date=4 March 2024 |website=Fcbarcelona.fr |language=en}}</ref> Upon Barcelona announcing Selecció Barcelona as ein new women's team, ''El Noticiero Universal'' report say de club almost pioneer women's football insyd Spain "chaw years earlier", having gone so far as to organise a game wey dem no fi be played for reasons beyond dema control.<ref>{{Cite news|date=18 November 1970|title=El Barcelona crea equipo femenino|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1584759|work=El Noticiero Universal|pages=28|via=[[Library of Catalonia]]|archive-date=8 April 2024|access-date=8 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240408022255/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1584759|url-status=live}}</ref> Dem create de team after footballer Immaculada Cabecerán approach de club plus de proposition insyd November 1970; de resulting team get continuity to de present. De Selecció Barcelona play dema first match on Christmas Day 1970, winning on penalties against Unió Esportiva Centelles in front of a crowd of around 60,000 people.<ref name=":022" /> Although na de team no be officially part of de club structure, na e be de first match wey a women's team play formally associated plus FC Barcelona (then dem know as CF Barcelona). De women's team then change ein name to Penya Femenina Barça (Peña Femenina Barcelonista) insyd early 1971,<ref name=":022" /> quickly be cam very popular,<ref name=":23">{{Cite news|date=5 January 1971|title=C. D. UNIVERSITARIO – SELECCION DE BARCELONA DE FUTBOL FEMENINO, MAÑANA EN LA CIUDAD UNIVERSITARIA|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1584797|work=El Noticiero Universal|pages=24|archive-date=27 November 2024|access-date=8 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127070438/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1584797|url-status=live}}</ref> wey dem play more matches at de Camp Nou plus large crowds.<ref name=":022" /> PF Barcelona wear de club ein ''blaugrana'' strip from 1971, widout de crest.<ref>{{Cite web |last=esport3 |date=20 December 2021 |title=El Barça es planteja jugar al Camp Nou la tornada de la Champions contra el Madrid |url=https://www.ccma.cat/esport3/el-barca-es-planteja-jugar-al-camp-nou-la-tornada-de-la-champions-contra-el-madrid/noticia/3136183/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304132327/https://www.ccma.cat/esport3/el-barca-es-planteja-jugar-al-camp-nou-la-tornada-de-la-champions-contra-el-madrid/noticia/3136183/ |archive-date=4 March 2024 |access-date=4 March 2024 |website=CCMA |language=ca}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=RCD Espanyol – History |url=https://www.rcdespanyol.com/en/history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304132149/https://www.rcdespanyol.com/en/history |archive-date=4 March 2024 |access-date=4 March 2024 |website=www.rcdespanyol.com}}</ref> Na dem be runner-up insyd de first cup competition insyd Catalonia, insyd 1971,<ref>{{Cite web |title=49 years since first women's football final in Catalonia |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1649703/49-years-since-first-womens-football-final-in-catalonia |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215140300/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1649703/49-years-since-first-womens-football-final-in-catalonia |archive-date=15 December 2023 |access-date=23 April 2024 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |language=en}}</ref> before winning de Catalonia-based league insyd 1973.<ref>{{cite news|date=21 February 1974|title=FUTBOL FEMENINO|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1974/02/21/pagina-6/1001474/pdf.html|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|page=6|language=Spanish|archive-date=3 May 2024|access-date=23 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240503043439/http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1974/02/21/pagina-6/1001474/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> De initial strength of women's football insyd Spain be flagging by 1975,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1586099|title=Auge del futbol femenino|date=31 May 1975|newspaper=El Noticiero Universal|language=es|page=21|author=Piconaire|archive-date=26 April 2025|access-date=16 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250426104302/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1586099|url-status=live}}</ref> den by September 1977 na der no longer be a women's league insyd Catalonia, plus de idea of one dem sanso consider somewhat unrealistic.<ref name="FutbolFemeninoYa">{{cite news|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1590725|title=Maria Teresa Andreu: Fútbol femenino, ya|date=7 September 1977|page=8|newspaper=El Noticiero Universal|language=es|last=Mora|first=Francisco|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=16 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130140244/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1590725|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd February 1977, P.F. Barcelona for publish a call for players insyd de ''Revista Barcelonista'', plus de magazine wey dey suggest na der be a crisis insyd lack of players. Na e promote de team as a way to "keep in shape" den look good, rather dan emphasising sport.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Porta |first1=Frederic |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wQ07DQAAQBAJ |title=Barça Insólito: 800 historias de la Historia |last2=Tomás |first2=Manuel |date=9 March 2017 |publisher=ROCA EDITORIAL |isbn=978-84-945569-5-1 |page=543. Para mantener la línea |language=ca}}</ref> During de down period of de late 1970s, Barcelona be one of de large teams wey continue dey play, wey dey include against women's teams from leagues insyd oda countries. Maria Teresa Andreu, presido of P.F. Barcelona at de time, feel say FC Barcelona respect de team, wey de club dey support den dey involve dem.<ref name="FutbolFemeninoYa" /> Na dem san establish a Catalan women's league by de 1978–79 season, plus a concurrent cup competition insyd wich P.F. Barcelona Atlético fini as runners-up after dem loose de final on penalties,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1591260|title=Deporte en la empresa: Premios y trofeos temporada 1978/79 {{!}} Futbol femenino Campeonato provincial final, P.F. Blanquiazul, 1 P.F. Barna. Atco., 1: por penaltys, campeon la Peña F. Feminino Blanquiazul|first=A|last=Goñi|date=7 June 1979|newspaper=El Noticiero Universal|page=28|language=es|archive-date=30 March 2025|access-date=11 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250330021346/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1591260|url-status=live}}</ref> before na P.F. Barcelona be second insyd de league insyd 1979–80.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1589655&posicion=26&presentacion=pagina|title=Torneo Femenino|language=es|newspaper=El Noticiero Universal|editor-last=Pedret|editor-first=A. G.|others=F. Amaro, J.M. Garcia, Planas, R. Rubiella|date=30 January 1980|page=26|archive-date=30 March 2025|access-date=5 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250330021300/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1589655&posicion=26&presentacion=pagina|url-status=live}}</ref> === 1981–1988: Lliga catalana den rivalry plus Barcilona === De Spanish Football Federation (then FEF, now RFEF) formally recognise women's football insyd 1980<ref>{{Cite web |title=Serial Fútbol Femenino en MARCA.com &#124; El origen clandestino de la selección |url=https://www.marca.com/reportajes/2013/04/serial_futbol_femenino/2013/04/23/seccion_01/1366710025.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812225857/https://www.marca.com/reportajes/2013/04/serial_futbol_femenino/2013/04/23/seccion_01/1366710025.html |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=1 February 2024 |website=www.marca.com}}</ref> den insyd 1981 dem approve for a women's football department of de Catalan Football Federation (FCF) to create de Women's Catalan Football League,<ref>{{Cite news|last=López Recasens|first=X|date=6 December 1984|title=Cataluña, pionera del futbol femenino|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/12/06/pagina-19/1118025/pdf.html|work=Mundo Deportivo|pages=19|language=es|archive-date=21 August 2024|access-date=4 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240821075644/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/12/06/pagina-19/1118025/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1981/02/14/pagina-38/1059195/pdf.html|title=Acuerdos de la Federación Española: Habra Campeonato de Futbol Femenino en Cataluña|date=13 February 1981|editor-last=Castillo|editor-first=Juan Jose|page=38|language=es|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=16 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130141423/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1981/02/14/pagina-38/1059195/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> of wich na Barcelona be a founding member.<ref name="TomasHistoria">{{cite book |last=Tomás Belenguer |first=Manuel |title=Barça femení: història des dels orígens fins al triplet |publisher=Editorial Base |year=2021 |isbn=9788419007001 |location=Barcelona |pages=85–94 |language=ca}}</ref> Insyd de 1982–83 season, de team take former player den advocate Núria Llansà as coach,<ref name="Llansa">{{Cite web |title=Núria Llansà |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/card/3830726/nuria-llansa |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240201155835/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/card/3830726/nuria-llansa |archive-date=1 February 2024 |access-date=1 February 2024 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |language=en}}</ref> wey dem change ein name. Andreu suggest de team be called Club Femenino/Femení (CF) Barcelona, to be closer to de name of de men's team, wey dis change dem make official before de 1983 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol;<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 December 2020 |title=Los 50 años del Barça femenino de fútbol: atrás quedan los días de campos de tierra y pensiones baratas |url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/futbol/20201224/barca-femenino-futbol-50-anos-11420504 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250325015132/https://www.elperiodico.com/es/futbol/20201224/barca-femenino-futbol-50-anos-11420504 |archive-date=25 March 2025 |access-date=10 September 2024 |website=www.elperiodico.com |language=es}}</ref> dem still sometimes be known as Penya Femenina Barcelona later insyd de decade,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Introducción histórica del futbol femenino |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/887434/introduccion-historica-del-futbol-femenino |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040528/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/887434/introduccion-historica-del-futbol-femenino |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.fcbarcelona.es |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/07/14/pagina-14/1108745/pdf.html|title=En Horta, final de la copa catalana|date=14 July 1984|language=es|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|page=14|last=Mentruit|first=Imma|archive-date=25 March 2025|access-date=4 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250325015806/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/07/14/pagina-14/1108745/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> wey na dem no be an official section of FC Barcelona.<ref name="Lucha">{{Cite news|last=Galindo|first=Jesús|date=2 January 1983|title=EL FUTBOL FEMENINO LUCHA POR SOBREVIVIR|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1983/01/02/pagina-19/1090385/pdf.html|work=[[Mundo Deportivo]]|pages=19|archive-date=29 June 2024|access-date=29 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629233344/http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1983/01/02/pagina-19/1090385/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> How na dem run de women's team cause a splinter group to leave den form de independent team Penya Barcelonista Barcilona insyd 1981, wey former Barcelona players Francina den Vicenta Pubill i Font lead. In terms of titles, na Barcilona be much more successful dan Barcelona insyd de 1980s,<ref>{{cite news|title=Barcelona: los puntos sobre las "ies"|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1986/04/03/pagina-28/1149080/pdf.html#&mode=fullScreen|access-date=28 June 2024|date=3 April 1986|page=28|newspaper=[[Mundo Deportivo]]|first=X|last=López Recasens|archive-date=30 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130141151/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1986/04/03/pagina-28/1149080/pdf.html#&mode=fullScreen|url-status=live}}</ref> though na de two be considered de teams to beat within Catalan women's football wey dem "fight to de death" insyd de league.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/12/28/pagina-23/1126928/pdf.html|title=El Barcilona, nuevo lider|first=X|last=López Recasens|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|date=28 December 1985|page=23|language=es|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=4 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130141242/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/12/28/pagina-23/1126928/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="BCampeon">{{cite news|title=Barcilona, campeón|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/04/07/pagina-24/1120860/pdf.html#&mode=fullScreen|access-date=26 June 2024|language=es|date=7 April 1985|page=24|newspaper=[[Mundo Deportivo]]|first=X|last=López Recasens|archive-date=2 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240702014220/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/04/07/pagina-24/1120860/pdf.html#&mode=fullScreen|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Empieza">{{Cite news|last=López Recasens|first=X|date=12 January 1985|title=Empieza el "play-off"|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/01/12/pagina-19/1116341/pdf.html|work=Mundo Deportivo|pages=19|language=es|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=4 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130141018/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/01/12/pagina-19/1116341/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Oda top Catalan teams at de time be ''derbi femení'' rivals Espanyol den anoda independent team, Vallès Occidental.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1987/05/26/pagina-20/1151001/pdf.html|title=Valles Occidental: Las campeonas buscan sponsor|date=26 May 1987|page=20|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|last=López R.|first=X|language=es|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=5 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130141139/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1987/05/26/pagina-20/1151001/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Barcelona win ein first official competition – de Copa Generalitat/Copa Catalana, a predecessor to de Copa Catalunya — by defeating Barcilona den Vallès Occidental insyd 1985.<ref name="Title2020">{{Cite web |date=28 June 2020 |title=El Barça Femenino ganó el primer título oficial de su historia hace 35 años |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/femenino-a/noticias/1699636/el-barca-femenino-gano-el-primer-titulo-oficial-de-su-historia-hace-35-anos |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040530/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/femenino-a/noticias/1699636/el-barca-femenino-gano-el-primer-titulo-oficial-de-su-historia-hace-35-anos |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.fcbarcelona.es |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=es}}</ref> Na support from FC Barcelona vary insyd de era: insyd January 1983, ahead of de Copa de la Reina, na Barcelona no get fixed training facilities anaa times (unlike de majority of teams insyd de league, though Barcilona sanso no get) den de relationship plus FC Barcelona be considered among de worst of women's teams plus parent clubs. Reportedly, na FC Barcelona "no wan to know" wen e cam to dem.<ref name="Lucha" /> Insyd 1984, de year Llansà be promoted to director of de women's football team,<ref name="Llansa" /> na dem thank FC Barcelona for taking a much more sustained interest insyd women's football, having offered ein stadiums (wey dey include de Camp Nou) den facilities.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/03/17/pagina-6/1103266/pdf.html|language=Spanish|title=España–Francia: Chicas... ¡al campo!|date=17 March 1984|page=6|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|last=Serra|first=Josep Ma.|archive-date=5 July 2024|access-date=4 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705063440/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/03/17/pagina-6/1103266/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Since at least 1985, de team play chaw home games at de Mini Estadi.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/11/23/pagina-22/1434701/pdf.html|title=0–27: El Valles abuso del Bemen|first=X|last=López Recasens|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|language=es|date=23 November 1985|page=22|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=5 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130142006/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/11/23/pagina-22/1434701/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1988/02/06/pagina-23/1440520/pdf.html|title=Futbol Femenino {{!}} Dos amistosos para la selección catalana|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|author=Xavier|date=6 February 1988|page=23|language=es|archive-date=6 July 2024|access-date=14 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706124325/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1988/02/06/pagina-23/1440520/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Tomás |first=Manuel |title=Les Corts i el Barça: vuitanta-cinc anys d'història compartida |publisher=[[City Council of Barcelona]] |year=2007 |isbn=978-84-9850-055-4 |location=Barcelona |language=ca}}</ref> Llansà go remain director til na de team be incorporated as an official section of FC Barcelona.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sport |date=26 June 2019 |title=Falleció Núria Llansà, exjugadora del FC Barcelona |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/veteranos/fallecio-nuria-llansa-exjugadora-barcelona-7524142 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240201155834/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/veteranos/fallecio-nuria-llansa-exjugadora-barcelona-7524142 |archive-date=1 February 2024 |access-date=1 February 2024 |website=www.sport.es |language=es}}</ref> === 1988–2001: Liga Nacional den inconsistency === Insyd 1988, Club Femení Barcelona, wich na be sponsored by FC Barcelona, be a founding member of de Liga Nacional, de first top-flight national women's league insyd Spain.<ref name=":26">{{Cite book |last1=Porta |first1=Frederic |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cw47DQAAQBAJ |title=Barça Insòlit: 800 històries de la Història |last2=Tomás |first2=Manuel |date=9 March 2017 |publisher=ROCA EDITORIAL |isbn=978-84-945569-6-8 |pages=547–548 |language=ca |access-date=20 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251201215620/https://books.google.com/books?id=Cw47DQAAQBAJ |archive-date=1 December 2025 |url-status=live}}</ref> Dema performances insyd dis iteration of de league be inconsistent from de start, wey dey loose to weak teams den dey beat otherwise unbeatable ones, cementing demaselves as a mid-table team. Dem get a successful three-year run insyd de early 1990s, placing insyd de league top three between 1992 den 1994, den winning de 1994 Copa de la Reina.<ref name=":26" /> Dem subsequently decline to bottom table positions buh, despite dema weaker performances insyd de later years of de Liga Nacional, dem always manage to stay insyd de top division.<ref name=":26" /> Andreu join de board of FC Barcelona insyd 2000,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Andreu Grau, Maria Teresa stats {{!}} FC Barcelona Players |url=https://players.fcbarcelona.com/en/player/2451-maria-teresa-andreu-grau-maria-teresa |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910224121/https://players.fcbarcelona.com/en/player/2451-maria-teresa-andreu-grau-maria-teresa |archive-date=10 September 2024 |access-date=10 September 2024 |website=FCB Jugadors |language=es}}</ref> den within de year dem bring Club Femení Barcelona into de Barcelona Foundation ein organisational structure, wey dey make de women's team part of de club insyd administration.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Escudero |first=Sergi |date=31 May 2023 |title=Les revolucionàries del Barça abans d'Alexia Putellas |url=https://www.ara.cat/esports/barca-femeni/revolucionaries-barca-alexia_1_4714487.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240909014354/https://www.ara.cat/esports/barca-femeni/revolucionaries-barca-alexia_1_4714487.html |archive-date=9 September 2024 |access-date=10 September 2024 |website=Ara.cat |language=ca}}</ref> === 2002–2007: Becoming an official section den Segunda División === Insyd 2001, na dem rebrand de league into de Superliga Femenina secof natural growth; na dem no accept Barcelona into de top division, as dem no fi pay de inscription fee of [[Spanish peseta|₧]]3 million, wey na dem install insyd de new Superliga second division, de lowest tier of national football at de time (though dem sub-divide by regional group). Llansà push for de team to be recognised den supported as a section of de club;<ref>{{cite web |last=Irigoyen |first=Juan I. |date=16 May 2021 |title=El Barcelona conquista Europa |url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2021-05-16/el-barcelona-conquista-europa.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240917162420/https://elpais.com/deportes/2021-05-16/el-barcelona-conquista-europa.html |archive-date=17 September 2024 |access-date=17 September 2024 |website=El País |language=es}}</ref> insyd de summer of 2002, de FC Barcelona board unanimously approve ratifying de decision to incorporate CF Barcelona as an official section, wey de club rebrand de women's section to Futbol Club Barcelona Femení.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=LoRé |first=Michael |date=6 March 2020 |title=How FC Barcelona Is Paving The Way For Women's Soccer |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaellore/2020/03/06/how-fc-barcelona-is-paving-the-way-for-womens-soccer/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040519/https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaellore/2020/03/06/how-fc-barcelona-is-paving-the-way-for-womens-soccer/ |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=29 October 2021 |work=[[Forbes]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Parking">{{cite web |last=Irigoyen |first=Juan I. |date=14 May 2021 |title=De jugar en el parking a estar en la élite de Europa |url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2021-05-14/del-aparcamiento-a-la-elite-de-europa.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250317155121/https://elpais.com/deportes/2021-05-14/del-aparcamiento-a-la-elite-de-europa.html |archive-date=17 March 2025 |access-date=16 September 2024 |website=El País |language=es}}</ref> De next year, de team nominally cam be professional, buh na dem no dey receive livable salaries wey dem still for maintain oda jobs.<ref name="Parking" /> Barcelona win ein group insyd de Segunda División insyd 2002 den 2003, buh e remain insyd de second division after unsuccessful appearances insyd de promotion playoffs. Na dem eventually promote am to de Superliga Femenina insyd 2004. Once dem promote am, de team enjoy sam popularity insyd de 2004–05 season secof de signing of de Mexican international Maribel "Marigol" Domínguez den de Spanish María Luisa Coimbra, though dis no translate into quality results give de team.<ref name="20minutos-2005">{{Cite web |last=Pelayo |first=José |date=10 February 2005 |title=El otro duelo de 'cracks' |url=http://www.20minutos.es/noticia/4258/0/el/otro/duelo/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050511070711/http://www.20minutos.es/noticia/4258/0/el/otro/duelo/ |archive-date=11 May 2005 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=20minutos.es |publisher=[[20 minutos]]}}</ref> Na dem hire Xavi Llorens as manager insyd 2006 to replace Natalia Astrain,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bonals |first=Laia |date=16 May 2021 |title=Making history has never been so close |url=https://en.ara.cat/sports/making-history-has-never-been-close_130_3986303.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130144220/https://en.ara.cat/sports/making-history-has-never-been-close_130_3986303.html |archive-date=30 November 2024 |access-date=16 September 2024 |website=Ara}}</ref> wey na she be among de figures to leave wen de club restructure den significantly reduce de women's section insyd de summer of 2006.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/2006/06/30/pagina-29/829841/pdf.html|title=Habrá reestructuración en el fútbol femenino|last=Roura|first=C|date=30 June 2006|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|page=29|language=es|archive-date=26 December 2024|access-date=16 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226141327/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/2006/06/30/pagina-29/829841/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Na Llorens be unable to keep de team insyd de Superliga, den at de end of de 2006–07 season, na de team be relegated den de club consider dissolving de section.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD02/PUB/2007/05/07/EMD20070507014MDP.pdf|access-date=2 August 2022|language=es|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|date=7 May 2007|title=Stoichkov quiere a Alexanko|last1=Roura|first1=C|last2=Solé|first2=S|page=14|archive-date=4 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404061221/http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD02/PUB/2007/05/07/EMD20070507014MDP.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2008–2015: Return to de top flight den first Golden Era === [[File:Final_Copa_Catalunya_Femenina_RCDE_0_–_1_FCB_(6089064812).jpg|right|thumb|Barcelona dey celebrate dema 2011 Copa Catalunya win]] Barcelona return to de Superliga insyd 2008, den between 2009 den 2011, na dem consolidate demaselves insyd top positions insyd de league table.<ref name=":8">{{cite web |date=19 June 2011 |title=FC Barcelona, campeón de la Copa de SM La Reina tras vencer al RCD Espanyol (1–0) |url=http://www.rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=119&ID=1479 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111227112831/http://www.rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=119&ID=1479 |archive-date=27 December 2011 |access-date=19 June 2011 |publisher=rfef.es |language=es}}</ref> Insyd 2011, na dem win dema second Copa de la Reina, wey dem beat local rivals Espanyol 1–0 insyd de final.<ref name=":8" /> Insyd 2012, na dem win dema first league title plus a then-record 94 points,<ref>{{cite web |date=27 May 2012 |title=El Barça femenino, campeón de Liga |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/20120527/mundo-barsa/barca-barca-femenino-liga-campeonas_54300366310.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423181156/https://www.mundodeportivo.com/20120527/mundo-barsa/barca-barca-femenino-liga-campeonas_54300366310.html |archive-date=23 April 2019 |access-date=27 May 2012 |publisher=mundodeportivo.com |language=es}}</ref> qualifying for de UEFA Women's Champions League for de first time before exiting insyd de first round.<ref name=":9">{{cite web |last1=Menayo |first1=David |date=16 June 2013 |title=El Barcelona firma el primer doblete de su historia |url=https://www.marca.com/2013/06/16/futbol/futbol_femenino/1371380550.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204744/https://www.marca.com/2013/06/16/futbol/futbol_femenino/1371380550.html |archive-date=24 June 2021 |access-date=20 June 2021 |website=marca.com |publisher=[[Marca (newspaper)|MARCA]]}}</ref> Dem successfully defend de league insyd 2013 plus a last matchday away win over leading team Athletic Bilbao, before winning de 2013 Copa de la Reina to be cam de fifth Spanish women's team to achieve de domestic double.<ref name=":9" /> Barcelona qualify for de quarterfinals of de Women's Champions League for de first time insyd de 2013–14 edition,<ref name=":4">{{cite web |date=17 June 2014 |title=Golden era for FC Barcelona's women's team |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/1123347/golden-era-for-fc-barcelonas-womens-team |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240201160947/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/1123347/golden-era-for-fc-barcelonas-womens-team |archive-date=1 February 2024 |access-date=1 February 2024 |website=FC Barcelona}}</ref> a season insyd wich dem win dema third straight league title. Between 17 April 2011 den 11 December 2011, Barcelona maintain a 15-match winning streak, de longest consecutive run insyd Spanish women's football history by 2015; den between 23 September 2012 den 20 April 2014, dem get a 54-game unbeaten run, anoda record at de time.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramos |first=D |date=4 September 2015 |title=20 cosas que deberías saber de la Liga femenina de fútbol |url=https://www.marca.com/2015/09/04/futbol/futbol_femenino/1441360348.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240202003510/https://www.marca.com/2015/09/04/futbol/futbol_femenino/1441360348.html |archive-date=2 February 2024 |access-date=2 February 2024 |website=MARCA.com |language=es}}</ref> By de end of de 2013–14 season, de club refer to de previous four years of Barcelona Femení as a Golden Era insyd wich dem "absolutely dominate de Spanish football scene", den de team receive dema own section insyd de Barça Museum.<ref name=":4" /> Insyd de following 2014–15 season, dem cam be de first team insyd de Spanish women's league to win four straight league titles.<ref>{{Cite web |last=González |first=Inma |date=18 April 2015 |title=Las chicas del Barça conquistan su cuarta Liga consecutiva |url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/deportes/20150418/chicas-barca-conquistan-cuarta-liga-consecutiva-4112042 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130144715/https://www.elperiodico.com/es/deportes/20150418/chicas-barca-conquistan-cuarta-liga-consecutiva-4112042 |archive-date=30 November 2024 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=www.elperiodico.com |language=es}}</ref> === 2015–2018: Professionalism den rivalry plus Atlético Madrid === Insyd de summer of 2015, de club make de decision to professionalise de women's section.<ref name=":1" /> Despite dema domestic success, players be unable to make a living playing give Barcelona Femení, wey de club know e no fi compete insyd de Champions League against professional teams from oda countries.<ref name=":5" /> De team make a sponsorship deal plus Stanley Tools insyd 2014, wich allow dem to be cam professional,<ref name=":5" /> wey dem add a shirt deal insyd 2018 wey make Stanley de first shirt sponsor specific to de women's team.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 July 2018 |title=STANLEY Becomes the First Main Jersey Partner of FC Barcelona Women's Team |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/792979/stanley-becomes-the-first-main-jersey-partner-of-fc-barcelona-womens-team |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030042022/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/792979/stanley-becomes-the-first-main-jersey-partner-of-fc-barcelona-womens-team |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=en}}</ref> Na dem no be included insyd de deal wen Rakuten sponsor de men's team ein shirts insyd 2016 allow Barcelona Femení to sign an exclusivity deal plus Stanley for around €3.5&nbsp;million per year, wey dey separate de team ein finances den dey make dem individually profitable.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 October 2018 |title=Barça Women turns profitable with Stanley I Women's Football Marketing |url=https://www.xavibove.es/en/barca-women-turns-profitable-with-3-5me-from-stanley/ |access-date=9 May 2024 |website=Xavi Bové |language=en-GB}}</ref> Plus de professionalisation, de club begin changes, wey dey include bringing insyd Markel Zubizarreta first as women's team manager insyd 2015.<ref name=":14">{{Cite web |title=Markel Zubizarreta set to leave the Club |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/3701220/markel-zubizarreta-set-to-leave-the-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240508110131/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/3701220/markel-zubizarreta-set-to-leave-the-club |archive-date=8 May 2024 |access-date=8 May 2024 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |language=en}}</ref> Barcelona ein domestic dominance end as dem go thru de process of becoming professional, plus then-captain Vicky Losada later dey talk say na de jump "be a big change" initially, dey disrupt de team.<ref name=":5" /> As part of dema new professionalism, Barcelona place a greater priority on competing insyd de Champions League,<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|title=Barcelona sign England striker Duggan|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/40514401|access-date=9 February 2024|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB|archive-date=6 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006011858/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/40514401|url-status=live}}</ref> though dem focus on improving conditions rather dan immediately trying to match de level of foreign teams.<ref name=":72">{{Cite web |last=Sport |date=22 April 2015 |title="El año que viene queremos conseguir otra liga" |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/barcelona-femenino-queremos-liga-4123547 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250502010524/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/barcelona-femenino-queremos-liga-4123547 |archive-date=2 May 2025 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=www.sport.es |language=es}}</ref> Dem reach dema first Champions League semi-final insyd de 2016–17 season, wich na dem compare to de rapid rise of Manchester City W.F.C., wey cam be professional wey then dem achieve dis milestone at de same times as Barcelona.<ref name=":6" /> Dis period sanso coincide plus Atlético Madrid Femenino "wey dey emerge as a really strong side". Atlético cam be a challenger to Barcelona ein success, wey dem do so by playing plus a style wey counteracted Barcelona ein own: a rivalry develop between de teams wey Losada describe am as de women's ''Clásico''.<ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Egorov |first=Grigory |date=6 September 2019 |title=Barca Femeni goalkeeper: Real Madrid's women's team have to earn Clasico status |url=https://tribuna.com/en/news/fcbarcelona-2019-09-06-barca-femeni-goalkeeper-real-madrids-womens-team-have-to-earn-clasico-status/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040528/https://tribuna.com/en/news/fcbarcelona-2019-09-06-barca-femeni-goalkeeper-real-madrids-womens-team-have-to-earn-clasico-status/ |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=Tribuna.com}}</ref> Atlético win de three league titles between de 2016–17 den 2018–19 seasons, wey Barcelona be runners-up insyd each of those seasons.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Gulino |first=Joey |date=17 March 2019 |title=Barcelona's win over Atletico Madrid sets attendance record for women's club match |url=https://www.yahoo.com/now/barcelonas-win-over-atletico-madrid-sets-attendance-record-for-womens-club-match-160324919.html |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |language=en-US}}</ref> After struggling against Atlético for a few years,<ref name=":5" /> Barcelona beat dem insyd de final of de 2017 Copa de la Reina, insyd Llorens ein final match as coach.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FC Barcelona Women v Atlético Madrid: Copa de la Reina winners! (4–1) |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/755585/fc-barcelona-women-v-atletico-madrid-copa-de-la-reina-winners-4-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221019124143/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/755585/fc-barcelona-women-v-atletico-madrid-copa-de-la-reina-winners-4-1 |archive-date=19 October 2022 |access-date=9 February 2024 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |language=en}}</ref> Llorens cam insyd to restructure de women's section insyd 2006 wen na e be weak, wey ein departure sanso bring about change. Under ein replacement, Fran Sánchez,<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /> den plus Zubizarreta cam be sporting director insyd summer 2017,<ref name=":14" /> Barcelona Femení move away from ein focus on development den integration of youth players.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /> De process briefly change to signing multiple big names insyd international football, wey dey include England star Toni Duggan<ref name=":6" /> den Lieke Martens, wey dem make de highest-paid female footballer. Insyd de summer of 2018, Barcelona Femení join de men's team on a pre-season tour for de first time, one of de measures wey make ''The Guardian'' consider dem a groundbreaker insyd "growing commercial opportunities" den dey promote equality give women's football.<ref name=":12">{{Cite news|last=Taylor|first=Louise|date=19 July 2018|title=Everton and Barcelona take pioneering lead towards equality|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2018/jul/19/everton-barcelona-lead-towards-equality-whatif|access-date=9 February 2024|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> === 2019–2024: De new dynasty === Barcelona defeat Atlético at de Wanda Metropolitano on 17 March 2019, insyd a match wey break de world record for attendance at a women's club football match plus 60,739 attendees.<ref name=":3" /> Later dat season, Barcelona progress to dema first ever Champions League final, meeting den losing 1–4 to five-time Champions League winners Olympique Lyonnais Féminin (Lyon).<ref>{{Cite news|last=Panja|first=Tariq|date=18 May 2019|title=Lyon Routs Barcelona to Win Fourth Straight Women's Champions League Title|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/18/sports/lyon-barcelona-champions-league-title.html|access-date=18 February 2024|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=18 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218200049/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/18/sports/lyon-barcelona-champions-league-title.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Na Sánchez be replaced by Lluís Cortés insyd January 2019 den,<ref>{{cite web |date=8 January 2019 |title=Lluís Cortés takes over women's team |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/969839/lluis-cortes-takes-over-womens-team |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526181417/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/969839/lluis-cortes-takes-over-womens-team |archive-date=26 May 2024 |access-date=24 December 2021 |publisher=FCBarcelona.com}}</ref> dey start insyd summer 2019, Barcelona aim to reduce de number of signings each year, returning to de long-term project of homegrown talent as de basis of de team;<ref name=":5" /> Zubizarreta go gain a reputation as de "architect", wey dey build de team from youth acquisitions den dey convince higher profile players, a "low-cost" method of creating a strong, cohesive team.<ref name=":15">{{Cite web |date=7 April 2024 |title=La plantilla más valiosa del mundo es 'low-cost' |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/plantilla-valiosa-mundo-low-cost-100702043 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240508110131/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/plantilla-valiosa-mundo-low-cost-100702043 |archive-date=8 May 2024 |access-date=8 May 2024 |website=www.sport.es |language=es}}</ref> Barcelona Femení begin only incorporating external players wey be connected to de team ein style, wey Losada dey insist say "de style of de club be sacred."<ref name=":5" /> After losing de 2019 Champions League final, de team direct investment to oda areas, wey dey include improvement insyd conditions den an expanded support staff.<ref name=":15" /> De period from Barcelona ein surge insyd success den cementing of identity insyd 2019, to de present as of 2024, be described as a dynastic era give de team den as de "new dynasty" of Europe.<ref name=":11">{{Cite magazine|last=Gastelum|first=Andrew|date=20 May 2022|title=How Barcelona Femení Became the World's Most Dominant Team|url=https://www.si.com/soccer/2022/05/20/barcelona-femeni-alexia-dynasty-champions-league-final-daily-cover|access-date=4 May 2024|magazine=Sports Illustrated|language=en-us|archive-date=22 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230822063120/https://www.si.com/soccer/2022/05/20/barcelona-femeni-alexia-dynasty-champions-league-final-daily-cover|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=VAVEL.com |date=3 June 2023 |title=Barcelona 3–2 Wolfsburg: Eindhoven welcomes the coronation of Catalonia's eternal European royalty |url=https://www.vavel.com/en/football/2023/06/03/womens-football/1148389-barcelona-3-2-wolfsburg-eindhoven-welcomes-the-coronation-of-catalonias-eternal-european-royalty.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504235231/https://www.vavel.com/en/football/2023/06/03/womens-football/1148389-barcelona-3-2-wolfsburg-eindhoven-welcomes-the-coronation-of-catalonias-eternal-european-royalty.html |archive-date=4 May 2024 |access-date=4 May 2024 |website=VAVEL |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Abdullah |first=Abdullah |title=Rise of a New Dynasty: FC Barcelona Femini's Emerging Legacy |date=8 April 2024 |publisher=Pitch Publishing Ltd |isbn=978-1-80150-675-5 |edition=1st}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mickey |first=Hans |date=9 April 2024 |title=Barça Femení has bred its own dynasty |url=https://www.blaugranagram.com/barca-femeni-has-bred-its-own-dynasty-interview-with-author-abdullah-abdullah/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507030143/https://www.blaugranagram.com/barca-femeni-has-bred-its-own-dynasty-interview-with-author-abdullah-abdullah/ |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=4 May 2024 |website=Blaugranagram |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="ElPokerNuncaVisto">{{Cite web |last=Soria |first=Miki |title=El póker nunca visto: el viaje a la gloria del Barça femenino |url=https://www.sport.es/es/barca/poker-historico-barcelona-femenino-sh/poker-historico-barcelona-femenino-sh |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.sport.es |language=es}}</ref> Insyd 2024, de success of Barcelona Femení be considered by local sportswriters den de FC Barcelona club historian to be de prevailing sense of identity den club narrative give FC Barcelona.<ref name=":252">{{Cite book |title=FC Barcelona: history, politics and identity |date=2024 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-040-01352-6 |editor-last=O'Brien |editor-first=Jim |location=Abingdon, Oxon New York, N.Y |editor-last2=Ginesta |editor-first2=Xavier |editor-last3=San Eugenio |editor-first3=Jordi de}}</ref> After dem be runners-up insyd all competitions for two years, Barcelona win four titles for de 2019–20 season,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barça Femení – EDF Logroño: Campiones de la Copa de la Reina! (3–0) |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/futbol/femeni-a/noticies/2027556/barca-femeni-edf-logrono-campiones-de-la-copa-de-la-reina-3-0 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224234818/https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/futbol/femeni-a/noticies/2027556/barca-femeni-edf-logrono-campiones-de-la-copa-de-la-reina-3-0 |archive-date=24 December 2023 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.fcbarcelona.cat |language=ca}}</ref> buh na dem no reach de final of de 2019–20 Champions League, wich de club consider disappointing.<ref>{{Cite web |last=López |first=Josep Gabernet |date=26 August 2020 |title=Wolfsburg v FC Barcelona: It wasn't to be (1–0) |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/1778355/wolfsburg-v-fc-barcelona-it-wasnt-to-be-1-0 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190502/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/1778355/wolfsburg-v-fc-barcelona-it-wasnt-to-be-1-0 |archive-date=9 July 2021 |access-date=3 July 2021 |website=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Since 2020, Barcelona win de league wey dem reach de Champions League final every season, while dem sanso win at least one of de Copa de la Reina den Supercopa each year. Dem win dema first Champions League title by defeating Chelsea 4–0 insyd de 2021 final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fisher |first=Bethany |date=16 May 2021 |title=Barcelona make Champions League history with 4–0 win over Chelsea |url=https://herfootballhub.com/barcelona-win-champions-league-history-chelsea-europe/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519081540/https://herfootballhub.com/barcelona-win-champions-league-history-chelsea-europe/ |archive-date=19 May 2021 |access-date=19 May 2021 |website=Her Football Hub}}</ref> A month later, Cortés lef, as de club continue to strive to build on dema success den standards of professionalism.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Martínez |first=Ferran |date=27 June 2021 |title=Lluís Cortés se va del Barça femenino |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20210627/410271683677/lluis-cortes-se-va-del-barca-femenino.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210627083513/https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20210627/410271683677/lluis-cortes-se-va-del-barca-femenino.html |archive-date=27 June 2021 |access-date=27 June 2021 |work=Mundo Deportivo |language=Catalan}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 June 2021 |title=Lluís Cortés comunica la decisión de dejar el equipo |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/2179452/lluis-cortes-comunica-la-decision-de-dejar-el-equipo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210627113820/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/2179452/lluis-cortes-comunica-la-decision-de-dejar-el-equipo |archive-date=27 June 2021 |access-date=27 June 2021 |website=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=Spanish}}</ref> Na losing dema manager no harm de team: dema 2021–22 season be considered one of de most dominant insyd football.<ref name=":11" /><ref name="WahlSub">{{cite web |last1=Wahl |first1=Grant |date=20 April 2022 |title=Redefining the Sport, Redefining the Culture |url=https://grantwahl.substack.com/p/redefining-the-sport-redefining-the?s=r |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220728190122/https://grantwahl.substack.com/p/redefining-the-sport-redefining-the?s=r |archive-date=28 July 2022 |access-date=20 April 2022 |website=Fútbol with Grant Wahl}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 May 2022 |title=Barcelona Femeni 2021–22 perfect season: Can Women's team win every trophy & match they play this year? {{!}} Goal.com UK |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-femeni-2021-22-perfect-season-win-every-trophy-match/bltff187a01cfc571d4 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130142236/https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-femeni-2021-22-perfect-season-win-every-trophy-match/bltff187a01cfc571d4 |archive-date=30 November 2024 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The stats from a historic league campaign |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327070145/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news |archive-date=27 March 2020 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref><ref name="Trophies2022">{{Cite web |title=FC Barcelona end the 2021/22 season with 16 trophies |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/club/news/2656665/fc-barcelona-end-the-202122-season-with-16-trophies |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703235905/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/club/news/2656665/fc-barcelona-end-the-202122-season-with-16-trophies |archive-date=3 July 2022 |access-date=1 July 2022 |website=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Grant Wahl say na de team be one of de best women's sides insyd history, wey he attribute dema resilience den increasing success to dem establish a new culture within de team einself.<ref name="WahlSub" /> Dem fail to retain de Champions League dis season,<ref name="Trophies2022" /> buh san go win am insyd de following two.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Sanders|first=Emma|date=3 June 2023|title=Women's Champions League: Barcelona come back from 2–0 down to beat Wolfsburg 3–2 to win second title|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/65734681|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240318134242/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/65734681|archive-date=18 March 2024|access-date=18 February 2024|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":20">{{Cite web |date=25 May 2024 |title=Barcelona 2 Lyon 0: Barca win third Champions League in four years. Is this a changing of the guard? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5517734/2024/05/25/barcelona-lyon-champions-league-bonmati/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525182333/https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5517734/2024/05/25/barcelona-lyon-champions-league-bonmati/ |archive-date=25 May 2024 |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=[[The Athletic]]}}</ref> Dema 2023–24 season exceed dema previous successes,<ref name="ElPokerNuncaVisto" /> wey de team plete dema first continental quadruple<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2024 |title=Barcelona retains Women's Champions League title, completing historic quadruple |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/05/25/sport/barcelona-lyon-womens-champions-league-2024-spt-intl/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525181628/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/05/25/sport/barcelona-lyon-womens-champions-league-2024-spt-intl/index.html |archive-date=25 May 2024 |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=[[CNN]]}}</ref> by defeating Lyon 2–0 insyd de 2024 Champions League final;<ref name=":20" /> wey e be dema third Champions League title insyd four years, den dema first defeat of European rivals Lyon. Maria Tikas opine say de match confirmed Barcelona as de new holders of de European dynasty.<ref name=":162">{{Cite web |last=Tikas |first=Maria |date=25 May 2024 |title=El Barça gana la Tercera en Bilbao y confirma un cambio de dinastía en Europa |url=https://www.sport.es/futbol-femenino-barca/barca-gana-tercera-bilbao-confirma-102901591 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250104190312/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/futbol-femenino/barca-gana-tercera-bilbao-confirma-102901591 |archive-date=4 January 2025 |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=Diario Sport |language=es}}</ref> [[File:Panoràmica_Camp_Nou_de_rècord_mundial.2.jpg|thumb|400x400px|Na dem set de official record attendance for a women's football match at Camp Nou on 22 April 2022, wey 91,648 people watch Barcelona defeat Wolfsburg 5–1 (pictured).<ref>{{cite web |last1=Marsden |first1=Sam |last2=Llorens |first2=Moises |date=22 April 2022 |title=Barcelona women set all-time attendance record in UWCL win over Wolfsburg |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/barcelona-barcelona_women/story/4648506/barcelona-women-set-all-time-attendance-record-in-uwcl-win-over-wolfsburg |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230514232605/https://www.espn.co.uk/football/barcelona-barcelona_women/story/4648506/barcelona-women-set-all-time-attendance-record-in-uwcl-win-over-wolfsburg |archive-date=14 May 2023 |access-date=20 October 2022 |website=ESPN}}</ref>]] During dis period, de team sanso dominate individual awards: captain Alexia Putellas sweep all individual awards for two seasons (wey dey correspond to 2020–21 den 2021–22),<ref>{{Cite news|date=29 November 2021|title=Putellas wins Women's Ballon d'Or|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/59468815|access-date=18 February 2024|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB|archive-date=18 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218203844/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/59468815|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Burhan |first=Asif |date=17 October 2022 |title=Alexia Putellas Becomes First Spanish-Born Player To Win Ballon D'Or Twice |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/asifburhan/2022/10/17/alexia-putellas-becomes-first-spanish-born-player-to-win-ballon-dor-twice/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017190151/https://www.forbes.com/sites/asifburhan/2022/10/17/alexia-putellas-becomes-first-spanish-born-player-to-win-ballon-dor-twice/ |archive-date=17 October 2022 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> wey Aitana Bonmatí then win all individual titles for de 2022–23 season. Including ein achievements plus de Spain national team, Bonmatí get de most decorated season of any footballer, male anaa female.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Garrido|first=Maria|date=14 December 2023|title=Aitana Bonmati: Ballon d'Or and World Cup winner forged by adversity|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/67691132|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240326180605/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/67691132|archive-date=26 March 2024|access-date=18 February 2024|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB}}</ref> Oda records wey de team set include twice setting de highest-ever attendance for a women's football match – Barcelona beat Real Madrid den then Wolfsburg at de Camp Nou, plus respective attendances of 91,553 den 91,648<ref name="WahlSub" /><ref name="Gulino">{{cite news|last1=Gulino|first1=Joey|date=30 March 2022|title=Record 91,553 fans watch Barcelona women oust Real Madrid from Champions League|url=https://uk.news.yahoo.com/record-91553-fans-watch-barcelona-women-oust-real-madrid-from-champions-league-video-185612760.html|work=Yahoo Sports|archive-date=28 July 2022|access-date=1 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220728201600/https://uk.news.yahoo.com/record-91553-fans-watch-barcelona-women-oust-real-madrid-from-champions-league-video-185612760.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="ESPN-UWCLSF">{{cite web |date=22 April 2022 |title=Barcelona presume récord de asistencia femenil, aunque México tiene uno mayor [Barcelona claims female attendance record, although Mexico has a higher one] |url=https://espndeportes.espn.com/futbol/mexico/nota/_/id/10257566/mexico-femenil-1971-record-asistencia-estadio-barcelona |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220423005459/https://espndeportes.espn.com/futbol/mexico/nota/_/id/10257566/mexico-femenil-1971-record-asistencia-estadio-barcelona |archive-date=23 April 2022 |website=ESPN}}</ref> – den breaking de world record for a transfer fee insyd women's football to bring Keira Walsh from Manchester City insyd de summer of 2022. De team ein dominance insyd Spain sanso reach new heights after dem summarily defeat main rivals Atlético 7–0 insyd de 2021–22 Supercopa final.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Second Spanish Super Cup winners, now outright leaders |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2460087/second-spanish-super-cup-winners-now-outright-leaders |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015135857/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2460087/second-spanish-super-cup-winners-now-outright-leaders |archive-date=15 October 2023 |access-date=23 January 2022 |website=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Dat season, dem mathematically win de league by March.<ref>{{cite web |last=Westwood |first=James |date=14 March 2022 |title=Barcelona Femeni win El Clasico 5–0 to be crowned champions of Spain with six games to spare |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-femeni-win-el-clasico-5-0-crowned-champions-spain/bltf8642070feb351fb |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401035715/https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-femeni-win-el-clasico-5-0-crowned-champions-spain/bltf8642070feb351fb |archive-date=1 April 2022 |access-date=30 March 2022 |publisher=Goal}}</ref> Real Madrid incorporate ein women's team insyd 2020, wey dey aim to challenge Barcelona ein monopoly within Spain; Barcelona win every women's Clásico as of 2024.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":212">{{Cite web |date=17 November 2023 |title=The gap is closing between Real Madrid and Barcelona in women's game ... and that's a good thing |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/38918927/women-clasico-real-madrid-closing-gap-barca-femeni |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120160056/https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/38918927/women-clasico-real-madrid-closing-gap-barca-femeni |archive-date=20 November 2023 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> == Supporters den popularity == [[File:Ada_Colau_rep_les_jugadores_del_Barça_femení_després_de_proclamar-se_campiones_d’Europa_06.jpg|thumb|Barcelona Femení supporters at Plaça Sant Jaume insyd 2023]] Barcelona Femení get a fan base distinct from dat of de men's team, even wen de team sell out de main stadiums. De popularity of de team grow vastly insyd de years after e cam be professional.<ref name=":2" /> Part of de reason for de growth in popularity be connected to de growth of feminism insyd de 2010s. De audience give Barcelona Femení dey include both women den men of all ages – reportedly mostly men wey no dey watch de Barcelona men's team,<ref name=":2" /> though, insyd de 2020s, Barcelona Femení ein fan base grow to include long-time Barcelona fans wey dem more recently be exposed to den enjoy de women's team's style of play.<ref name=":22">{{Cite web |last=Bonals |first=Laia |date=25 May 2024 |title=La final de Bilbao: un cambio de paradigma para el barcelonismo |url=https://www.elperiodico.com/deporte-femenino/20240525/final-bilbao-cambio-paradigma-barcelonismo-102855856 |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=El Periódico |language=es}}</ref> ''El Periódico'' wrep insyd 2024 say de team dey play give people "wey cam be hooked on [dema] way of playing den understanding football".<ref name=":22" /> De same year, authors Jim O'Brien den Xavier Ginesta question whether de club einself promote de women's team to be "insyd de vanguard of genuine change insyd gender politics" anaa as a form of brand marketing secof dema increased profile den dey want "to breath[e] fresh life into de fading traditions of de club."<ref name=":25">{{Cite book |title=FC Barcelona: history, politics and identity |date=2024 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-040-01352-6 |editor-last=O'Brien |editor-first=Jim |location=Abingdon, Oxon New York, N.Y |editor-last2=Ginesta |editor-first2=Xavier |editor-last3=San Eugenio |editor-first3=Jordi de}}</ref> Supporters of de team typically dey support feminist values insyd society den sport, as well as de team einself.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Bonals |first=Laia |date=22 December 2022 |title=El Barça masculí i el femení tenen públics diferents: per què? |url=https://www.ara.cat/esports/futbol-femeni/barca-masculi-femeni-tenen-publics-diferents_130_4581134.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221225023148/https://www.ara.cat/esports/futbol-femeni/barca-masculi-femeni-tenen-publics-diferents_130_4581134.html |archive-date=25 December 2022 |website=Ara.cat |language=ca}}</ref> Around de time of dema professionalisation, de team make an effort to gain more regular supporters wey dey attend matches. Na dem be dominant within Spain, de staff know say na winning no be enough wey dem work on ways to engage potential fans.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |last=Sport |date=22 April 2015 |title="El año que viene queremos conseguir otra liga" |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/barcelona-femenino-queremos-liga-4123547 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250502010524/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/barcelona-femenino-queremos-liga-4123547 |archive-date=2 May 2025 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=www.sport.es |language=es}}</ref> Research dem conduct around dis time suggest say na de lack of widespread support give Barcelona Femení be primarily secof de power hierarchy within global den glocalised football dat under-appreciated women.<ref>{{Cite book |last=de Araújo Silva |first=Marcos |url=https://biblioteca.clacso.edu.ar/clacso/se/20180606100837/Politica_global_Futbol.pdf |title=Política global y fútbol: el deporte como preocupación de las ciencias sociales |publisher=[[Latin American Council of Social Sciences]] |isbn=9789968558594 |editor-last=Soto Acosta |editor-first=Willy |pages=57–72 |language=es |chapter=Més que um club – el FC Barcelona, la postcolonialidad y las heterotopías del futbol en el mundo globalizado |access-date=11 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323220935/https://biblioteca.clacso.edu.ar/clacso/se/20180606100837/Politica_global_Futbol.pdf |archive-date=23 March 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref>By de time Barcelona Femení successively break de official world record attendance twice insyd 2022, de increasing support dem track plus global trends buh sanso show de dedication of de domestic support de team foster, in part by having chaw Catalan players promote as local stars.<ref name=":25">{{Cite book |title=FC Barcelona: history, politics and identity |date=2024 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-040-01352-6 |editor-last=O'Brien |editor-first=Jim |location=Abingdon, Oxon New York, N.Y |editor-last2=Ginesta |editor-first2=Xavier |editor-last3=San Eugenio |editor-first3=Jordi de}}</ref> De team move to de Johan Cruyff Stadium insyd 2019, wey locate insyd Sant Joan Despí, a town west of de city of Barcelona. Dem previously play at de Mini Estadi, next to de Camp Nou. Despite playing outsyd of de city, by 2022 de team average crowds four times larger dan wen dem play at de Mini Estadi. Na dis be attributed by Zubizarreta wey no be to de team cam be more successful, buh to de club dey treat de women's players equal to de men's insyd advertising den merchandising.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruszkai |first=Ameé |date=30 March 2022 |title='The start of a new era' – How Barcelona created a culture for the women's team to sell-out Camp Nou |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-created-culture-womens-team-sell-out-camp-nou/blt912940c2ab78d593 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131190453/https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-created-culture-womens-team-sell-out-camp-nou/blt912940c2ab78d593 |archive-date=31 January 2024 |access-date=31 January 2024 |website=Goal}}</ref> De travelling support give de team sanso grow insyd dis period, wey ESPN attribute as a post-COVID-19 development of fans wey dey want to follow de team insyd major away games.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 May 2024 |title=How Barcelona fans turned Bilbao into Camp Nou in UWCL final |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/40221335/how-barcelona-fans-turned-bilbao-camp-nou-uwcl-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527232231/https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/40221335/how-barcelona-fans-turned-bilbao-camp-nou-uwcl-final |archive-date=27 May 2024 |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> Insyd 2022, de audience give Barcelona Femení games sanso be more varied dan dat of de men's team, wich be suggested to be secof de fact de women's team no dey offer season tickets. De crowd give men's games mostly be season ticket holders den tourists wey buy last-minute remaining tickets, while na chaw tickets to women's games dem buy as part of four-ticket packs.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Bonals |first=Laia |date=22 December 2022 |title=El Barça masculí i el femení tenen públics diferents: per què? |url=https://www.ara.cat/esports/futbol-femeni/barca-masculi-femeni-tenen-publics-diferents_130_4581134.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221225023148/https://www.ara.cat/esports/futbol-femeni/barca-masculi-femeni-tenen-publics-diferents_130_4581134.html |archive-date=25 December 2022 |website=Ara.cat |language=ca}}</ref> == Rivalries == Na Barcelona Femení ein first rivalry be against local rivals Espanyol, against whom dem play dema first matches insyd 1971.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |date=24 December 2020 |title=FC Barcelona Women's Golden Anniversary |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1949097/fc-barcelona-womens-golden-anniversary |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250623133459/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1949097/fc-barcelona-womens-golden-anniversary |archive-date=23 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=en}}</ref> De first league match between dem, insyd 1988, result in a 2–2 draw; though chaw teams insyd de league at de time be from de Barcelona area, na de ''Derbi Femení'' still be a highlighted fixture.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bravo |first=Luis Javier |date=2012 |title=Peña Barcelonista Barcilona, primer campeón de Liga |url=https://www.furiaroja.com/femenina/cronicas_liga_femenina/primera_liga_femenina_88_89.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240715213225/https://www.furiaroja.com/femenina/cronicas_liga_femenina/primera_liga_femenina_88_89.html |archive-date=15 July 2024 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=Furia Roja}}</ref> Na de main rivalry give Barcelona Femení be Atlético Madrid, plus de two teams get similar prominence den success within Spain den Europe insyd de 2010s, as well as dem get playing styles wey contrast each oda.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=[[Sid Lowe|Lowe, Sid]] |date=12 March 2021 |title=The best team in Spain right now? The 18–0 Barca Women |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040519/https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=ESPN.com |publisher=[[ESPN]] |language=en}}</ref> Barcelona den Athletic Club Bilbao sanso share a rivalry insyd Spain insyd de 2000s den early 2010s, wey dey see large attendances at de San Mamés give dema matches. Insyd de 2012–13 season, Barcelona be at one stage 8 points behind Athletic before dem win de league on de last day at San Mamés.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cervelló Herrero |first=Laia |date=31 December 2013 |title=FC Barcelona Femenino 2013: un año de ensueño |url=https://www.vavel.com/es/futbol/2013/12/31/fc-barcelona/314923.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203190019/https://www.vavel.com/es/futbol/2013/12/31/fc-barcelona/314923.html |archive-date=3 December 2024 |access-date=11 February 2024 |website=VAVEL |language=es}}</ref> Na Barcelona, Atlético den Athletic be de first major professional women's teams insyd Spain, wey dey sustain league rivalries secof na dem be de three largest teams for quite some time. Na chaw oda large clubs (i.e. those plus historic men's teams) no incorporate women's sections til 2018 anaa later, so de oda women's teams prior to dis be smaller anaa independent.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cano Tenorio |first=Rafael |date=2018 |title=El desarrollo del fútbol femenino en el entorno digital: análisis de los contenidos publicados por los clubes en las web oficiales |url=https://idus.us.es/bitstream/handle/11441/87903/Pages%20from%20978-84-17270-83-4-4.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y |url-status=dead |journal=Feminismo, investigación y comunicación: Una aproximación plural a la representación de las mujeres |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323220007/https://idus.us.es/bitstream/handle/11441/87903/Pages%20from%20978-84-17270-83-4-4.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y |archive-date=23 March 2024 |access-date=10 February 2024 |via=[[University of Seville]]}}</ref> Real Madrid incorporate a women's section insyd 2020. After dema matches dat season, Losada dismiss de idea say na de teams get a rivalry: "''For me, it's not a clásico but on a media level it helps that at last they're in our league. Those who don't follow women's football might think it's a clásico; those that do, know it's not.''"<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=[[Sid Lowe|Lowe, Sid]] |date=12 March 2021 |title=The best team in Spain right now? The 18–0 Barca Women |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040519/https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=ESPN.com |publisher=[[ESPN]] |language=en}}</ref> Real Madrid improve insyd de following seasons, den though Barcelona do, too – na dem always beat Real Madrid by 2024 – staff den players at Barcelona say dat a stronger Real Madrid be important to keep up de competitive status of de league den for de global image of de game, plus [[Caroline Graham Hansen]] dey talk say "[''El Clásico''] be a big game, a game de whole world know wey e be important say e dey reflect de level insyd de women's game."<ref name=":21">{{Cite web |date=17 November 2023 |title=The gap is closing between Real Madrid and Barcelona in women's game ... and that's a good thing |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/38918927/women-clasico-real-madrid-closing-gap-barca-femeni |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120160056/https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/38918927/women-clasico-real-madrid-closing-gap-barca-femeni |archive-date=20 November 2023 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> Barcelona sanso get rivalries insyd de Champions League, wey dey include against Wolfsburg den Lyon, de latter of wich be champions insyd de first two finals Barcelona loose. After de first lost final, reaching Lyon ein level cam be an aspiration anaa "obsession" give Barcelona;<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=[[Sid Lowe|Lowe, Sid]] |date=12 March 2021 |title=The best team in Spain right now? The 18–0 Barca Women |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040519/https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=ESPN.com |publisher=[[ESPN]] |language=en}}</ref> na dem call Lyon Barcelona ein ''bestia negra'' ahead of Barcelona defeating dem for de first time insyd 2024.<ref name=":16">{{Cite web |last=Tikas |first=Maria |date=25 May 2024 |title=El Barça gana la Tercera en Bilbao y confirma un cambio de dinastía en Europa |url=https://www.sport.es/futbol-femenino-barca/barca-gana-tercera-bilbao-confirma-102901591 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250104190312/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/futbol-femenino/barca-gana-tercera-bilbao-confirma-102901591 |archive-date=4 January 2025 |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=Diario Sport |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2024 |title=A la tercera... cayó el Lyon: el Barça mantiene su reinado en Champions |url=https://www.relevo.com/futbol/champions-league-femenina/tercera-cayo-lyon-barca-mantiene-20240525195809-nt.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526000758/https://www.relevo.com/futbol/champions-league-femenina/tercera-cayo-lyon-barca-mantiene-20240525195809-nt.html |archive-date=26 May 2024 |access-date=26 May 2024 |website=Relevo |language=es}}</ref> == Seasons == === 1970–1980 === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="10" |League ! rowspan="2" |Catalan Cup ! colspan="2" |Top scorer |- !Tier !{{Tooltip|Div|Division}} !{{Tooltip|Pos|Position}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|Pld|Played}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|W|Won}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|Pts|Points}} !Name(s) !{{goal}} |- |[[1971–72 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1971–72''']] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|CC|Catalan Championship}} |4th |26 |17 |6 |3 |94 |14 |'''40''' | bgcolor="silver" |Runner-up | align="left" |[[Lolita Ortiz]] |26 |- |[[1973 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1973''']] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|CC|Catalan Championship}} | bgcolor="gold" |'''1st''' |13 |9 |3 |1 |26 |10 |'''21''' | rowspan="2" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | | |- |[[1974 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1974''']] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|CN|National Championship}} |6th |12 |3 |3 |6 |11 |21 |'''9''' | | |- |[[List of P.F. Barcelona matches 1975–76|1975–76]] | colspan="10" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | | | |- |[[1977–78 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1977–78''']] | colspan="10" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | | | |- |[[1978–79 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1978–79''']] | | | | | | | | | | | bgcolor="silver" |Runner-up | | |- |[[1979–80 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1979–80''']] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|CF|Women's Championship}} | bgcolor="silver" |2nd |12 |8 |3 |1 |28 |6 |'''19''' | | | |} === 1981–1988 === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="10" |League ! rowspan="2" |[[Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Cup]] ! rowspan="2" |[[Copa Catalunya Femenina#Copa Generalitat (1981–1990s)|Catalan Cup]] ! colspan="2" |Top scorer<ref>All goals scored in the league, including group (and play-offs) and final phases.</ref> |- !Tier !{{Tooltip|Div|Division}} !{{Tooltip|Pos|Position}} !{{Tooltip|Pld|Played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !{{Tooltip|Pts|Points}} !Name(s) !{{goal}} |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1981|1981]] |1 |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} | | | | | | | | | | | | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1981–82|1981–82]] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1982–83|1982–83]] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} | | | | | | | | | | | | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1983–84|1983–84]] |<!--bgcolor="gold" |1 --> | | | | | | | | | |Withdrawn | bgcolor="silver" |{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1984|ca|lt=Runner-up}} | | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1984–85|1984–85]] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} |{{interlanguage link|Lliga catalana de futbol femenina 1984-1985|ca|lt=3rd}} |10 |4 |3 |3 |23 |22 |'''11''' | — | bgcolor="gold" |'''{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1985|ca|lt=Champion}}''' | align="left" |[[Emilia Ibáñez Fernández|Emilia Ibáñez]] | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1985–86|1985–86]] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} |{{interlanguage link|Lliga catalana de futbol femenina 1985-1986|ca|lt=4th}} |24 |14 |5 |5 |111 |29 |'''33''' | — | bgcolor="silver" |{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1986|ca|lt=Runner-up}} | align="left" |[[Emilia Ibáñez Fernández|Emilia Ibàñez]] |40 |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1986–87|1986–87]] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} |{{interlanguage link|Lliga catalana de futbol femenina 1986-1987|ca|lt=4th}} |28 |18 |5 |3 |138 |31 |'''41'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hemeroteca - El Mundo Deportivo - Home |url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1987/05/22/pagina-22/1160318/pdf.html |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260107151256/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1987/05/22/pagina-22/1160318/pdf.html |archive-date=2026-01-07 |access-date=2026-08-04 |website=hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com |language=es}}</ref><!--After 26 games played: http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1987/04/03/pagina-20/1438517/pdf.html--> |— |{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1987|ca|lt=Semifinals}} | | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1987–88|1987–88]] | |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} |{{interlanguage link|Lliga catalana de futbol femenina 1987-1988|ca|lt=4th}} |14 |8 |1 |5 |36 |15 |'''17''' |— |{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1988|ca|lt=Round of 16}} | | |} === 1988–present === De RFEF recognised women's football insyd 1980; e found de official [[Liga F|Spanish League]] system wey dey begin insyd 1988. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="10" |League ! rowspan="2" align="center" |[[Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Cup]] ! rowspan="2" |[[Supercopa de España Femenina|Supercup]] ! rowspan="2" |[[Copa Catalunya (women's football)|Catalan Cup]] ! rowspan="2" align="center" |[[UEFA Women's Champions League|UWCL]] ! rowspan="2" align="center" |[[FIFA Women's Champions Cup|FWCC]] ! colspan="2" |Top scorer<ref name="Top scorer">All goals scored in [[La Liga]] or [[Segunda División]], including playoff games</ref> |- !Tier!!{{Tooltip|Div|Division}}!!{{Tooltip|Pos|Position}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|Pld|Played}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|Pts|Points}} !!Name(s) !!{{goal}} |- |'''[[1988–89 Club Femení Barcelona season|1988–89]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] ||[[1988–89 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|4th]]|| 16 || 7 || 6 || 3 || 30 || 25 ||'''20'''|| [[1989 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Withdrawn]] | rowspan="8" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | |{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1989|ca|lt=Quarterfinals}} | rowspan="13" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | rowspan="37" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1989–90 Club Femení Barcelona season|1989–90]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1989–90 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|5th]]|| 22 || 9 || 4 || 9 || 49 || 39 ||'''22'''|| Withdrawn |<!--Catalan Cup took place, uncertain if Barcelona participated. Barcelona Atlétic femenino did--> | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1990–91 FC Barcelona Femení season|1990–91]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1990–91 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|6th]] || 14 || 5 || 1 || 8 || 23 || 39 ||'''11'''|| bgcolor="silver" |{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1991|es|lt=Runner-up}} | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1991–92 FC Barcelona Femení season|1991–92]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="silver" | [[1991–92 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|2nd]] || 14 || 9 || 1 || 4 || 38 || 16 ||'''19'''||{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1992|es|lt=Semifinals}} | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1992–93 FC Barcelona Femení season|1992–93]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1992–93 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|3rd]] || 12 || 6 || 4 || 2 || 25 || 18 ||'''16'''||[[1993 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Round of 32]] | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1993–94 FC Barcelona Femení season|1993–94]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1993–94 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|3rd]] || 18 || 13 || 2 || 3 || 46 || 18 ||'''41'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1994|es|lt=Champion}}''' | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1994–95 FC Barcelona Femení season|1994–95]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1994–95 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|7th]] || 18 || 4 || 8 || 6 || 27 || 38 ||'''20'''||{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1995|es|lt=Round of 32}} | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1995–96 FC Barcelona Femení season|1995–96]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1995–96 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|8th]] || 16 || 5 || 1 || 10 || 24 || 34 ||'''16'''||{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1996|es|lt=Round of 16}} | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1996–97 FC Barcelona Femení season|1996–97]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 ||[[Primera División (women)|1ª]]|| [[1996–97 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|4th (Gr:3)]] || 26 || 20 || 1 || 5 || 103 || 28 ||'''61'''|| — || — | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1997–98 FC Barcelona Femení season|1997–98]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1997–98 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|2nd (Gr:3)]] || 26 || 20 || 3 || 2 || 137 || 25 ||'''63'''||{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1998|es|lt=First round}} || — | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1998–99 FC Barcelona Femení season|1998–99]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1998–99 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|5th (Gr:3)]] || 26 || 18 || 3 || 5 || 99 || 42 ||'''57'''|| — || — | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1999–2000 FC Barcelona Femení season|1999–00]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1999–2000 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|6th (Gr:3)]] || 24 || 13 || 2 || 9 || 64 || 29 ||'''41'''|| [[2000 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] || — | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2000–01 FC Barcelona Femení season|2000–01]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2000–01 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|4th (Gr:3)]] || 26 || 17 || 3 || 6 || 96 || 40 ||'''54'''|| [[2001 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|First round]] || rowspan="19" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | rowspan="5" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2001–02 FC Barcelona Femení season|2001–02]]''' | bgcolor="silver" |2 || [[Segunda División (women)|2ª]] || [[2001–02 Primera Nacional Femenina|1st (Gr:III)]] || 26 || 23 || 3 || 0 || 123 || 6 ||'''72'''|| [[2002 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | — | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2002–03 FC Barcelona Femení season|2002–03]]''' | bgcolor="silver" |2 || [[Segunda División (women)|2ª]] || [[2002–03 Primera Nacional Femenina|1st (Gr:III)]]|| 26 || 22 || 4 || 0 || 138 || 19 ||'''70'''|| [[2003 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | — | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2003–04 FC Barcelona Femení season|2003–04]]''' | bgcolor="silver" |2 || [[Segunda División (women)|2ª]] || bgcolor="#BBF3BB" | [[2003–04 Primera Nacional Femenina|1st (Gr:III)]] || 26 || 23 || 2 || 1 || 101 || 17 ||'''71'''|| [[2004 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | — | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2004–05 FC Barcelona Femení season|2004–05]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2004–05 Superliga Femenina|9th]] || 26 || 8 || 5 || 13 || 42 || 59 ||'''29'''|| [[2005 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | — | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2005–06 FC Barcelona Femení season|2005–06]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2005–06 Superliga Femenina|8th]] || 24 || 8 || 4 || 12 || 39 || 51 ||'''28'''||[[2006 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Quarterfinals]] | bgcolor="silver" | Runner-up | — | align="left" |{{flagicon|MEX}} [[Patricia Pérez (footballer)|Patricia Pérez]]||8 |- | '''[[2006–07 FC Barcelona Femení season|2006–07]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="#FFBBBB" | [[2006–07 Superliga Femenina|14th]] || 26 || 4 || 4 || 18 || 26 || 58 ||'''16'''|| [[2007 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | bgcolor="silver" | Runner-up | — | align="left" |[[Marta Unzué]]||6 |- | '''[[2007–08 FC Barcelona Femení season|2007–08]]'''|| bgcolor="silver" |2 ||[[Segunda División (women)|2ª]]|| bgcolor="#BBF3BB" | [[2007–08 Primera Nacional Femenina|1st (Gr:III)]] || 26 || 22 || 2 || 2 || 128 || 17 ||'''68'''|| [[2008 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | bgcolor="silver" | Runner-up | — | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2008–09 FC Barcelona Femení season|2008–09]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2008–09 Superliga Femenina|6th]] || 30 || 14 || 7 || 9 || 48 || 32 ||'''49'''||[[2009 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Semifinals]] | bgcolor="silver" | Runner-up | — | align="left" |[[Mari Paz Vilas]]||13 |- | '''[[2009–10 FC Barcelona Femení season|2009–10]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2009–10 Superliga Femenina|5th]]|| 26 || 13 || 4 || 9 || 42 || 29 ||'''43'''||[[2010 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Semifinals]] | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | — | align="left" |[[Marta Cubí]]||13 |- | '''[[2010–11 FC Barcelona Femení season|2010–11]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2010–11 Superliga Femenina|4th]]|| 28 || 15 || 5 || 8 || 53 || 26 ||'''50'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2011 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | — | align="left" |[[Olga García]] || 16 |- | '''[[2011–12 FC Barcelona Femení season|2011–12]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2011–12 Primera División (women)|1st]]'''|| 34 || 31 || 1 || 2 || 119 || 19 ||'''94'''||[[2012 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Semifinals]] | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | — | align="left" |[[Sonia Bermúdez (footballer)|Sonia Bermúdez]]|| 38 |- | '''[[2012–13 FC Barcelona Femení season|2012–13]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2012–13 Primera División (women)|1st]]'''|| 30 || 24 || 4 || 2 || 91 || 12 ||'''76'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2013 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''[[2012 Copa Catalunya (women's football)|Champion]]''' |[[2012–13 UEFA Women's Champions League|Round of 32]]|| align="left" |[[Sonia Bermúdez (footballer)|Sonia Bermúdez]]|| 20 |- | '''[[2013–14 FC Barcelona Femení season|2013–14]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2013–14 Primera División (women)|1st]]'''|| 30 || 25 || 4 || 1 || 82 || 11 ||'''79'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2014 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="silver" | [[2013 Copa Catalunya (women's football)|Runner-up]] |[[2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League|Quarterfinals]]|| align="left" |[[Sonia Bermúdez (footballer)|Sonia Bermúdez]]|| 28 |- | '''[[2014–15 FC Barcelona Femení season|2014–15]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2014–15 Primera División (women)|1st]]'''|| 30 || 25 || 2 || 3 || 93 || 9 ||'''77'''||[[2015 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Semifinals]] | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' |[[2014–15 UEFA Women's Champions League|Round of 16]]|| align="left" |[[Sonia Bermúdez (footballer)|Sonia Bermúdez]]|| 22 |- | '''[[2015–16 FC Barcelona Femení season|2015–16]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="silver" |[[2015–16 Primera División (women)|2nd]]|| 30 || 24 || 5 || 1 || 98 || 12 ||'''77'''|| bgcolor="silver" |[[2016 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Runner-up]] | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' |[[2015–16 UEFA Women's Champions League|Quarterfinals]]|| align="left" |[[Jennifer Hermoso]]|| 24 |- | '''[[2016–17 FC Barcelona Femení season|2016–17]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="silver" |[[2016–17 Primera División (women)|2nd]]|| 30 || 24 || 3 || 3 || 98 || 13 ||'''75'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2017 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League|Semifinals]]|| align="left" |[[Jennifer Hermoso]]|| 35 |- | '''[[2017–18 FC Barcelona Femení season|2017–18]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="silver" |[[2017–18 Primera División (women)|2nd]]|| 30 || 24 || 4 || 2 || 98 || 12 ||'''76'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2018 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' |[[2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League|Quarterfinals]]|| align="left" |[[Andressa Alves]] || 12 |- | '''[[2018–19 FC Barcelona Femení season|2018–19]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="silver" |[[2018–19 Primera División (women)|2nd]]|| 30 || 25 || 3 || 2 || 94 || 15 ||'''78'''||[[2018–19 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Semifinals]] | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | bgcolor="silver" |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League|Runner-up]]|| align="left" |[[Alexia Putellas]] || 16 |- | '''[[2019–20 FC Barcelona Femení season|2019–20]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2019–20 Primera División (women)|1st]]''' || 21 || 19 || 2 || 0 || 86 || 6 || '''59''' || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2019–20 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2019–20 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''{{interlanguage link|Copa Catalunya de futbol femenina 2019-2020|ca|lt=Champion}}''' || [[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League|Semifinals]] || align="left" |[[Jennifer Hermoso]]|| 23 |- | [[2020–21 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2020–21''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2020–21 Primera División (women)|1st]]''' || 34 || 33 || 0 || 1 || 167 || 15 || '''99''' || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2020–21 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | [[2020–21 Supercopa de España Femenina|Semifinals]] | rowspan="2" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League|Champion]]''' || align="left" | [[Jennifer Hermoso]]|| 31 |- | [[2021–22 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2021–22''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2021–22 Primera División (women)|1st]]''' || 30 || 30 || 0 || 0 || 159 || 11 || '''90''' || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2021–22 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2021–22 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="silver" |[[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League|Runner-up]] || align="left" | [[Asisat Oshoala]] || 20 |- | [[2022–23 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2022–23''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Liga F|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2022–23 Liga F|1st]]''' || 30 || 28 || 1 || 1 || 118 || 10 || '''85''' || [[2022–23 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Round of 16]] | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2022–23 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' || — | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League|Champion]]''' || align="left" | [[Asisat Oshoala]] || 21 |- | [[2023–24 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2023–24''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Liga F|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2023–24 Liga F|1st]]''' || 30 || 29 || 1 || 0 || 137 || 10 || '''88''' || bgcolor="gold" | '''[[2023–24 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2023–24 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' || [[2023 Copa Catalunya Femenina|—]] | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League|Champion]]''' || align="left" | [[Caroline Graham Hansen]] || 21 |- | [[2024–25 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2024–25''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Liga F|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2024–25 Liga F|1st]]''' || 30 || 28 || 0 || 2 || 128 || 16 || ''' 84 ''' || bgcolor="gold" | '''[[2024–25 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2024–25 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''[[2024–25 Copa Catalunya Femenina|Champion]]''' || bgcolor="silver" |[[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League|Runner-up]] || align="left" | [[Ewa Pajor]] || 25 |- |[[2025–26 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2025–26''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Liga F|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2025–26 Liga F|1st]]''' || 30 || 29 || 0 || 1 || 130 || 9 || '''87''' || bgcolor="gold" | '''[[2025–26 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2025–26 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' || [[2025–26 Copa Catalunya Femenina|—]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League|Champion]]''' || — || align="left" | [[Clàudia Pina]] || 21 |- |} == Record insyd UEFA Women's Champions League == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! width="250" |Competition ! width="30" |Pld ! width="30" |W ! width="30" |D ! width="30" |L ! width="30" |GF ! width="30" |GA ! width="30" |GD ! width="140" |Top Goalscorer(s) ! width="10" |Goals |- |[[UEFA Women's Champions League]] |111 |81 |10 |20 |309 |89 | +220 |[[Alexia Putellas]] |32 |} ''All results (away, home and aggregate) list FC Barcelona's goal tally first.'' ^f indicates the leg played first. {| class="wikitable" ! width="60" |Season !Round !Opponents !Away !Home !Aggregate !Scorers |- |[[2012–13 UEFA Women's Champions League|2012–13]] |[[2012–13 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[Arsenal L.F.C.|Arsenal]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–4 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–3 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |'''0–7''' | |- | rowspan="3" |[[2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League|2013–14]] |[[2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[Brøndby IF (women)|Brøndby]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |2–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |0–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |'''2–2''' ([[Away goals rule|a]]) |[[Marta Corredera|Corredera]], [[Jelena Čanković|Čanković]] |- |[[2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[FC Zürich Frauen|Zürich]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''6–1''' |[[Sonia Bermúdez (footballer)|Bermúdez]] (2), [[Vicky Losada|Losada]], [[Ruth García]], Corredera, Čanković |- |[[2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–3 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |'''0–5''' | |- | rowspan="2" |[[2014–15 UEFA Women's Champions League|2014–15]] |[[2014–15 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |{{flagicon|CZE}} [[SK Slavia Praha (women)|Slavia Prague]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–0''' |Ruth Garcia, [[Alexia Putellas|Putellas]], Bermúdez, [[Ana Romero|Romero]] |- |[[2014–15 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[Bristol City W.F.C.|Bristol Academy]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |'''1–2''' |Losada |- | rowspan="3" |[[2015–16 UEFA Women's Champions League|2015–16]] |[[2015–16 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[BIIK Kazygurt|Kazygurt]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–2''' |Ruth Garcia, [[Jennifer Hermoso|Hermoso]] (2), [[Melanie Serrano|Serrano]], [[Marta Unzué|Unzué]] |- |[[2015–16 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[FC Twente (women)|Twente]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''2–0''' |[[Olga García]] (2) |- |[[2015–16 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[Paris Saint-Germain Féminines|Paris Saint-Germain]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |0–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |'''0–1''' | |- | rowspan="4" |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League|2016–17]] |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[FC Minsk (women)|FC Minsk]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–1''' |Hermoso (3), [[Marta Torrejón|Torrejón]], [[Andressa Alves da Silva|Andressa Alves]] |- |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[FC Twente (women)|Twente]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–0''' |Hermoso, Torrejón, Andressa Alves, [[Bárbara Latorre|Latorre]], [[Ange N'Guessan (footballer, born 1990)|N'Guessan]] |- |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[FC Rosengård|Rosengård]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''3–0''' |[[Leila Ouahabi|Ouahabi]], Hermoso, [[Mariona Caldentey|Caldentey]] |- |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League#Semi-finals|Semi-final]] |[[Paris Saint-Germain Féminines|Paris Saint-Germain]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |1–3 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |'''1–5''' |Latorre |- | rowspan="3" |[[2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League|2017–18]] |[[2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[Avaldsnes IL|Avaldsnes]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''6–0''' |[[Lieke Martens|Martens]] (2), [[Toni Duggan|Duggan]], Andressa Alves, Caldentey, Losada |- |[[2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[Gintra Universitetas]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''9–0''' |[[Aitana Bonmatí|Bonmatí]], Caldentey (2), Duggan (2), Olga García, [[Nataša Andonova|Andonova]], [[Alexia Putellas|Putellas]], [[Ana Alekperova|Alekperova]] ([[Own goal|og]]) |- |[[2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[Olympique Lyonnais Féminin|Olympique Lyon]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |1–2 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |0–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |'''1–3''' |[[Patricia Guijarro|Guijarro]] |- | rowspan="5" |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League|2018–19]] |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[BIIK Kazygurt|Kazygurt]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |1–3 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–3''' |Duggan, Guijarro, Torrejón, Martens |- |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[Glasgow City F.C.|Glasgow City]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–0'''<ref>{{Cite web |author=Andrew Southwick |date=1 November 2018 |title=Glasgow City 0–3 Barcelona Femenino: Scottish champions' campaign over |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/46042737 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181104203714/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/46042737 |archive-date=4 November 2018 |access-date=5 November 2018 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> |[[Kheira Hamraoui|Hamraoui]], Bonmatí, Guijarro, Andressa Alves, [[Mapi León]], Duggan (2), Putellas |- |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[LSK Kvinner FK|Lillestrøm]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–0''' |Duggan (2), Caldentey, Martens |- |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League#Semi-finals|Semi-final]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[FC Bayern Munich (women)|Bayern Munich]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''2–0''' |Hamraoui, Caldentey |- | bgcolor="silver" |[[2019 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Budapest]]) | bgcolor="silver" |[[Olympique Lyonnais Féminin|Olympique Lyon]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="silver" |'''1–4''' |[[Asisat Oshoala|Oshoala]] |- | rowspan="4" |[[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League|2019–20]] |[[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |{{flagicon|Italy}} [[Juventus FC (women)|Juventus]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–1''' |Putellas (2), Torrejón, [[Stefanie van der Gragt|Van der Gragt]] |- |[[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[FC Minsk (women)|FC Minsk]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–1''' |Oshoala, Torrejón, Bonmatí (2), Hermoso, Putellas, Caldentey, Guijarro |- |[[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] ([[Bilbao]]) |[[Atlético Madrid Femenino|Atlético Madrid]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''1–0''' |Hamraoui |- |[[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League#Semi-finals|Semi-final]] ([[San Sebastián]]) |{{flagicon|GER}} [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |'''0–1''' | |- | rowspan="5" |[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League|2020–21]] |[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[PSV (women)|PSV]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–2''' |Martens (3), [[Caroline Graham Hansen|Graham Hansen]] (2), Hermoso, Oshoala, [[Mandy van den Berg|van den Berg]] (og) |- |[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[Fortuna Hjørring]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''9–0''' |Hermoso (3), Bonmatí (2), Putellas, Caldentey, Oshoala, Torrejón |- |[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[Manchester City W.F.C.|Manchester City]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |1–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–2''' |Oshoala (2), Caldentey, Hermoso |- |[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League#Semi-finals|Semi-final]] |[[Paris Saint-Germain Féminines|Paris Saint-Germain]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''3–2''' |Hermoso, Martens (2) |- | bgcolor="gold" |[[2021 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Gothenburg]]) | bgcolor="gold" |[[Chelsea F.C. Women|Chelsea]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="gold" |'''4–0''' |[[Melanie Leupolz|Leupolz]] (og), Putellas, Bonmatí, Graham Hansen |- | rowspan="6" |[[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League|2021–22]] | rowspan="3" |[[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League group stage|Group stage]] |[[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–1''' |Caldentey, Putellas, Oshoala, Martens, Bonmatí, Hermoso (2), [[Fridolina Rolfö|Rolfö]] |- |[[HB Køge (women)|Køge]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''7–0''' |Rolfö (2), Hermoso, Ouahabi, Putellas, [[Ingrid Syrstad Engen|Engen]], Martens |- |{{flagicon|GER}} [[TSG 1899 Hoffenheim (women)|1899 Hoffenheim]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''9–0''' |Hermoso, Putellas (3), Torrejón (2), [[Irene Paredes|Paredes]], Bonmatí, [[Ana-Maria Crnogorčević|Crnogorčević]] |- |[[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[Real Madrid Femenino|Real Madrid]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–3''' |Putellas (3), [[Clàudia Pina|Pina]] (2), Mapi León, Bonmatí, Graham Hansen |- |[[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League#Semi-finals|Semi-final]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |0–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–3''' |Bonmatí, Graham Hansen, Hermoso, Putellas (2) |- | bgcolor="silver" |[[2022 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ({{flagicon|ITA}} [[Turin]]) | bgcolor="silver" |[[Olympique Lyonnais Féminin|Olympique Lyon]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="silver" |'''1–3''' |Putellas |- | rowspan="6" |[[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League|2022–23]] | rowspan="3" |[[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League group stage#Group D|Group stage]] |[[S.L. Benfica (women)|Benfica]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |9–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''15–2''' |Guijarro, Bonmatí (2), Oshoala (2), Caldentey (2), Crnogorčević (2), [[Geyse]] (2), Pina (2), Paredes, [[Ana Seiça|Seiça]] (og) |- |[[FC Rosengård|Rosengård]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''10–1''' |Bonmatí (2), Caldentey (2), Oshoala (2), Mapi León, Rolfö, Torrejón, Paredes |- |{{flagicon|GER}} [[FC Bayern Munich (women)|Bayern Munich]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |1–3 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–3''' |Geyse (2), Bonmatí, Pina |- |[[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |{{flagicon|ITA}} [[A.S. Roma (women)|Roma]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''6–1''' |[[Salma Paralluelo|Paralluelo]], Rolfö (2), Mapi León, Oshoala, Guijarro |- |[[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]] |[[Chelsea F.C. Women|Chelsea]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''2–1''' |Graham Hansen (2) |- | bgcolor="gold" |[[2023 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Eindhoven]]) | bgcolor="gold" |{{flagicon|GER}} [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="gold" |'''3–2''' |Guijarro (2), Rolfö |- | rowspan="6" |[[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League|2023–24]] | rowspan="3" |[[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League group stage#Group A|Group stage]] |[[S.L. Benfica (women)|Benfica]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |4–4 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''9–4''' |Putellas (2), Bonmatí (2), Oshoala, Graham Hansen, Guijarro, [[Lucy Bronze|Bronze]] |- |{{flagicon|GER}} [[Eintracht Frankfurt (women)|Eintracht Frankfurt]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–1''' |Paralluelo (2), Caldentey, Guijarro, Graham Hansen |- |[[FC Rosengård|Rosengård]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |7–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''13–0''' |[[Jessica Wik|Wik]] (og)(2), Paralluelo (3), Guijarro, Bonmatí, Caldentey, [[Martina Fernández|Martina]], [[Keira Walsh|Walsh]], Graham Hansen, Pina, Torrejón |- |[[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[SK Brann Kvinner|Brann]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–2''' |Graham Hansen, Paralluelo, Bonmatí, Rolfö, Guijarro |- |[[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]] |[[Chelsea F.C. Women|Chelsea]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |0–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''2–1''' |Bonmatí, Rolfö |- | bgcolor="gold" |[[2024 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Bilbao]]) | bgcolor="gold" |[[Olympique Lyonnais Féminin|Olympique Lyon]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="gold" |'''2–0''' |Bonmatí, Putellas |- | rowspan="6" |[[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League|2024–25]] | rowspan="3" |[[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League group stage#Group D|Group stage]] |[[Manchester City W.F.C.|Manchester City]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–2 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''3–2''' |Pina, Bonmatí, Putellas |- |[[Hammarby Fotboll (women)|Hammarby]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |9–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''12–0''' |Graham Hansen (2), Pina (2), Putellas, Mapi León, [[Ewa Pajor|Pajor]] (3), [[Esmee Brugts|Brugts]], Rolfö, Bonmatí |- |[[SKN St. Pölten (women)|St. Pölten]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |7–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''11–1''' |Pajor, [[Kika Nazareth|Nazareth]] (3), Bonmatí, Walsh, Pina (2), Graham Hansen, [[Vicky López|López]], Putellas |- |[[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''10–2''' |[[Caitlin Dijkstra|Dijkstra]] (og), Paredes, Paralluelo (3), [[Sydney Schertenleib|Schertenleib]], Brugts, Pina (2), Mapi León |- |[[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]] |[[Chelsea F.C. Women|Chelsea]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–2''' |Pajor (2), Pina (3), Paredes, Bonmatí, Paralluelo |- | bgcolor="silver" |[[2025 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Lisbon]]) | bgcolor="silver" |[[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="silver" |'''0–1''' | |- | rowspan="9" |[[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League|2025–26]] | rowspan="6" |[[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League league phase|League phase]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[FC Bayern Munich (women)|Bayern Munich]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |7–1 | rowspan="6" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''1st''' |Putellas, Pajor (2), Brugts, Paralluelo, Pina (2) |- |{{flagicon|ITA}} [[AS Roma (women)|Roma]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | |Brugts, Nazareth, Putellas, Graham Hansen |- |[[Oud-Heverlee Leuven (women)|OH Leuven]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 |Putellas, [[Kim Everaerts|Everaerts]] (og), Paredes |- |[[Chelsea F.C. Women|Chelsea]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | |Pajor |- |[[S.L. Benfica (women)|Benfica]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 |Pajor, [[Christy Ucheibe|Ucheibe]] (og), [[Laia Aleixandri|Aleixandri]] |- |[[Paris FC (women)|Paris FC]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | |López, Graham Hansen |- |[[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[Real Madrid Femenino|Real Madrid]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–2 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''12–2''' |Pajor (3), Brugts (2), Paredes (2), López, Putellas (2), Graham Hansen (2) |- |[[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[FC Bayern Munich (women)|Bayern Munich]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–3''' |Pajor (2), Paralluelo, Putellas (2) |- | bgcolor="gold" |[[2026 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Oslo]]) | bgcolor="gold" |[[OL Lyonnes|Lyon]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="gold" |'''4–0''' |Pajor (2), Paralluelo (2) |} == Honours == === Official === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="font-size:95%; text-align:center;" |+FC Barcelona Femení honours<ref>{{cite web|title=Barça Women honours|url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/honours|work=FC Barcelona|access-date=2025-10-07|archive-date=11 October 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251011120703/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/honours|url-status=live}}</ref> !style="width:5"|Type !style="width:5"|Competition !style="width:5"|Titles !style="width:5"|Winning Seasons !style="width:5"|Runners-up |- |rowspan="4" |'''Domestic''' ! scope=col|[[Liga F]] |bgcolor="gold"|'''11''' |align="left"|[[2011–12 Primera División (women)|2011–12]], [[2012–13 Primera División (women)|2012–13]], [[2013–14 Primera División (women)|2013–14]], [[2014–15 Primera División (women)|2014–15]], [[2019–20 Primera División (women)|2019–20]], [[2020–21 Primera División (women)|2020–21]], [[2021–22 Primera División (women)|2021–22]], [[2022–23 Liga F|2022–23]], [[2023–24 Liga F|2023–24]], [[2024–25 Liga F|2024–25]], [[2025–26 Liga F|2025–26]] |align="left"|[[1991–92 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|1991–92]], [[2015–16 Primera División (women)|2015–16]], [[2016–17 Primera División (women)|2016–17]], [[2017–18 Primera División (women)|2017–18]], [[2018–19 Primera División (women)|2018–19]] |- ! scope=col|[[Copa de la Reina]] |bgcolor="gold"|'''12''' |align="left"|{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1994|es|lt=1994}}, [[2011 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2011]], [[2013 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2013]], [[2014 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2014]], [[2017 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2017]], [[2018 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2018]], [[2019–20 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2019–20]], [[2020–21 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2020–21]], [[2021–22 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2021–22]], [[2023–24 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2023–24]], [[2024–25 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2024–25]], [[2025–26 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2025–26]] |align="left"|{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1991|es|lt=1991}}, [[2016 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2016]] |- ! scope=col|[[Supercopa de España Femenina]] |bgcolor="gold"|'''6''' |align="left"|[[2019–20 Supercopa de España Femenina|2019–20]], [[2021–22 Supercopa de España Femenina|2021–22]], [[2022–23 Supercopa de España Femenina|2022–23]], [[2023–24 Supercopa de España Femenina|2023–24]], [[2024–25 Supercopa de España Femenina|2024–25]], [[2025–26 Supercopa de España Femenina|2025–26]] |align="left"| |- ! scope=col|[[Primera Nacional de Fútbol (women)|Segunda División]] (Group III) |bgcolor="gold"|'''4''' |align="left"|2001–02, 2002–03, 2003–04, 2007–08 | |- |'''Continental''' ! scope=col|[[UEFA Women's Champions League]] |align="center"|'''4''' |align="left"|[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League|2020–21]], [[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League|2022–23]], [[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League|2023–24]], [[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League|2025–26]] |align="left"|[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League|2018–19]], [[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League|2021–22]], [[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League|2024–25]] |- |- | rowspan="2" |'''Regional''' ! scope=col|[[Copa Catalunya (women's football)|Copa Catalunya Femenina]] |bgcolor="gold"|'''11''' |align="left"|2009, 2010, 2011, [[2012 Copa Catalunya (women's football)|2012]], 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, {{interlanguage link|Copa Catalunya de futbol femenina 2019–2020|ca|lt=2019}}, [[2024–25 Copa Catalunya Femenina|2024–25]] |align="left"|2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, [[2013 Copa Catalunya (women's football)|2013]] |- ! scope=col|[[Copa Catalunya Femenina#Copa Generalitat/Copa Catalana (1981–2000)|Copa Generalitat/Copa Catalana]] |bgcolor="gold"|'''4''' |align="left"|{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1985|ca|lt=1985}},<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barça Women won the first official title in their history 35 years ago |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1699636/barca-women-won-the-first-official-title-in-their-history-35-years-ago |date=28 June 2020 |website=FC Barcelona |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015140559/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1699636/barca-women-won-the-first-official-title-in-their-history-35-years-ago |archive-date= 15 October 2023 }}</ref> 1991–92, 1994–95, 1999–2000<ref name="Palmares26">{{cite web |date=5 May 2026 |title=El Palmarès de la Copa Catalunya femenina |url=https://www.fcf.cat/noticia/el-palmares-de-la-copa-catalunya-femenina/05/05/2026 |website=Catalan Football Federation |language=ca |access-date=21 June 2026 |archive-date=14 July 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260714115127/https://www.fcf.cat/noticia/el-palmares-de-la-copa-catalunya-femenina/05/05/2026 |url-status=live }}</ref> |align="left"|{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1984|ca|lt=1984}}, {{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1986|ca|lt=1986}} |} * {{legend|gold|Record}} * {{sup|S}} Shared record === Invitational === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="font-size:95%; text-align:center;" !Competition !Titles !Seasons |- ! scope=col|[[Joan Gamper Trophy#Women's Gamper Trophy|Joan Gamper Trophy]] |align="center" bgcolor="gold"|'''4''' | [[2021–22 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and Friendlies|2021]], [[2022–23 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and friendlies|2022]], [[2023–24 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and friendlies|2023]], [[2024–25 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and friendlies|2024]] |- ! scope=col|[[COTIF Women's Football Tournament]] |align="center"|'''1''' | [[COTIF Women's Football Tournament#2014|2014]] |- ! scope=col|[[Teide Trophy]] |align="center"|'''1''' | [[2022–23 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and friendlies|2022]] |- ! scope=col|[[Sport Mundi Tournament]] |align="center"|'''0''' | [[2008–09 FC Barcelona Femení season#Sport Mundi Tournament|2008]] (2º), [[2009–10 FC Barcelona Femení season#Torneig Sport Mundi|2009]] (2º) |- ! scope=col|[[Pyrénées International Women's Cup]] |align="center"|'''0''' | [[Pyrénées International Women's Cup#2010|2010]] (2º), [[Pyrénées International Women's Cup#2012|2012]] (2º) |- ! scope=col|[[Valais Women's Cup]] |align="center"|'''0''' | [[Valais Women's Cup#2014|2014]] (3º) |- ! scope=col|[[Women's International Champions Cup]] |align="center"|'''0''' | [[2021 Women's International Champions Cup|2021]] (3º) |- ! scope=col|{{interlanguage link|Women's French Cup|fr|lt=AMOS Women's French Cup}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Le site Officiel du tournoi de la Amos Womens' French Cup 2022 – Accueil du site de la quatrième édition |url=https://womensfrenchcup.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206041917/https://womensfrenchcup.com/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |website=womensfrenchcup.com}}</ref> |align="center"|'''0''' | [[2022–23 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and friendlies|2022]] (3º) |- |} ===Odas awards=== {| class="wikitable" ! style="background:#26559B; color:#FFF000; {{box-shadow border|a|#C32148|2px}}" |Award ! style="background:#26559B; color:#FFF000; {{box-shadow border|a|#C32148|2px}}" |Year(s) ! style="background:#26559B; color:#FFF000; {{box-shadow border|a|#C32148|2px}}" |Ref.(s) |- | [[Mundo Deportivo|Gala de Fútbol Femenino]] – Extraordinary Award: Record Attendance | 2022 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2022 |title=FC Barcelona shines at Mundo Deportivo European Women's Football Gala |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2873469/fc-barcelona-shines-at-mundo-deportivo-european-womens-football-gala |access-date=25 October 2022 |website=FC Barcelona |archive-date=24 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221024213029/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2873469/fc-barcelona-shines-at-mundo-deportivo-european-womens-football-gala |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | [[Royal Spanish Football Federation|Golsmedia FutbolFest Awards]] – SuperCampeonas 2022 Award: Best Women's Football Club |[[2021–22 FC Barcelona Femení season|2021–22]] | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Barça Women honoured at the 2022 Golsmedia awards ceremony |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2898277/barca-women-honoured-at-the-2022-golsmedia-awards-ceremony |access-date=11 November 2022 |website=FC Barcelona |archive-date=11 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221111014649/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2898277/barca-women-honoured-at-the-2022-golsmedia-awards-ceremony |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | [[IFFHS World's Best Club#Women's winners|IFFHS Women's World's Best Club]] | 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web|date=14 January 2022|title=IFFHS AWARDS – WOMEN'S WORLD BEST CLUB 2021|url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-awards-womens-world-best-club-2021-1584|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220114143139/https://www.iffhs.com/posts/1584|archive-date=14 January 2022|access-date=14 January 2022|website=IFFHS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=26 January 2023|title=IFFHS WOMEN'S CLUB WORLD RANKING 2022|url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-club-world-ranking-2022-2501|access-date=26 January 2023|website=IFFHS|archive-date=14 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220114143139/https://www.iffhs.com/posts/2501|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=14 May 2023 |title=THE IFFHS AWARD 2022 FOR FC BARCELONA |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/the-iffhs-award-2022-for-fc-barcelona-2742 |access-date=14 May 2023 |website=IFFHS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=6 January 2024 |title=IFFHS Women's Club World Ranking 2023: Barcelona always ! |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-club-world-ranking-2023-3303 |access-date=6 January 2024 |website=IFFHS |archive-date=26 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526204622/https://iffhs.com/posts/3303 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 January 2025 |title=IFFHS AWARDS 2024 – FC BARCELONA, WOMEN'S WORLD BEST CLUB |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-awards-2024-fc-barcelona-womens-world-best-club-4105 |access-date=8 January 2025 |website=IFFHS |archive-date=30 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251130182010/https://iffhs.com/posts/4105 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2025 |title=IFFHS AWARDS 2024 IN BARCELONA |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-awards-2024-in-barcelona-4189 |access-date=12 February 2025 |website=IFFHS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2026 |title=IFFHS WOMEN'S CLUB WORLD RANKING 2025 |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-club-world-ranking-2025-4847 |access-date=8 January 2026 |website=IFFHS |archive-date=11 January 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260111060002/https://iffhs.com/posts/4847 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | [[IFFHS World's Best Club#Continental rankings (women)|IFFHS Women's UEFA Best Club]] | 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 January 2022 |title=IFFHS WOMEN'S CONTINENTAL CLUBS AND LEAGUES 2021 – UEFA |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-continental-clubs-and-leagues-2021-uefa-1600 |website=IFFHS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 February 2023 |title=IFFHS Women's Club Continental Ranking 2022 – UEFA |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-club-continental-rankings-2022-uefa-2523 |website=IFFHS |access-date=8 May 2024 |archive-date=13 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240413151752/https://iffhs.com/posts/2523 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2024 |title=IFFHS Women's Club Continental Ranking 2023 – FC BARCELONA THE FIRST IN UEFA |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-club-continental-ranking-2023-uefa-3315 |access-date=12 January 2024 |website=IFFHS |archive-date=12 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240112192200/https://iffhs.com/posts/3315 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | ''[[:es:Panenka (revista)|Panenka]]'' Premi Antonín del Año – Cultural values in Spanish football | 2022 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 February 2023 |title=El FC Barcelona Femení, guardonat a la gala Panenka |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/futbol/femeni-a/noticies/3052444/el-fc-barcelona-femeni-guardonat-a-la-gala-panenka |access-date=7 February 2023 |website=FC Barcelona |language=ca}}</ref> |- | Premio Culer Femenino | 2023 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |date=30 May 2023 |title=El Barça de fútbol femenino, premio 'Culer femenino' |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/barca-futbol-femenino-premio-culer-88066266 |access-date=5 June 2023 |website=Sport |language=es |archive-date=5 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605152610/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/barca-futbol-femenino-premio-culer-88066266 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=El primer equipo masculino, premio Culer del Año en una gala 100% azulgrana |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/club/noticias/3501033/el-primer-equipo-masculino-premio-culer-del-ano-en-una-gala-100-azulgrana |access-date=5 June 2023 |website=FC Barcelona |language=es |archive-date=5 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605152607/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/club/noticias/3501033/el-primer-equipo-masculino-premio-culer-del-ano-en-una-gala-100-azulgrana |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |[[Medalla d'Honor del Parlament de Catalunya]] |2023 | style="text-align:center" |<ref name=":42">{{Cite web |date=25 July 2023 |title=Medalla de oro del Parlament para el Barça femenino |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20230725/1002043458/medalla-oro-parlament-barca-femenino.html |access-date=29 July 2023 |website=Mundo Deportivo |language=es |archive-date=29 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230729224332/https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20230725/1002043458/medalla-oro-parlament-barca-femenino.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |[[Ballon d'Or#Additional awards|Ballon d'Or – Women's Club of the Year]] |[[2023 Ballon d'Or#Women's Club of the Year|2023]], [[2024 Ballon d'Or#Women's Club of the Year|2024]] | style="text-align:center" |<ref name=":17">{{Cite web |date=30 October 2023 |title=Barça, best women's team of 2023 |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/3761460/barca-best-womens-team-of-2023 |access-date=31 October 2023 |website=FC Barcelona |archive-date=31 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031050746/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/3761460/barca-best-womens-team-of-2023 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":18">{{Cite news |date=30 October 2023 |title=Ballon d'Or 2023 : le Barça sacré club féminin de l'année |trans-title=Ballon d'Or 2023: Barça crowned women's club of the year |url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Ballon-d-or-2023-le-barca-sacre-club-feminin-de-l-annee/1428906 |access-date=31 October 2023 |work=[[L'Équipe]] |language=fr |archive-date=30 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030203035/https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Ballon-d-or-2023-le-barca-sacre-club-feminin-de-l-annee/1428906 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ballon d'Or 2024 : le FC Barcelone sacré club féminin de l'année (Foot) |trans-title=Ballon d'Or 2024: FC Barcelona crowned women's club of the year (Football) |url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Le-fc-barcelone-sacre-club-feminin-de-l-annee-au-ballon-d-or-2024/1516900 |access-date=11 November 2024 |website=L'Équipe |language=fr |archive-date=30 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130162534/https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Le-fc-barcelone-sacre-club-feminin-de-l-annee-au-ballon-d-or-2024/1516900 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |Football Content Awards – Best Football Club, Women's Football Gold Award |2023 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cooper |first=Anthony |date=17 November 2023 |title=Winners of the Football Content Awards 2023 |url=https://footballcontentawards.com/2023/11/17/winners-of-the-football-content-awards-2023/ |access-date=20 November 2023 |website=Football Content Awards |language=en |archive-date=20 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120143434/https://footballcontentawards.com/2023/11/17/winners-of-the-football-content-awards-2023/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |[[Globe Soccer Awards|Globe Soccer Awards – Best Women's Club of the Year]] |[[Globe Soccer Awards#2021|2021]], [[Globe Soccer Awards#2023|2023]], [[Globe Soccer Awards#2024 – Europe Edition|2024 (Eu)]], [[Globe Soccer Awards#2024|2024]], [[Globe Soccer Awards#2025|2025]] | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 December 2021 |title=F.C. Barcelona: Best Women's Club of the Year |url=https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/f-c-barcelona-best-womens-club-of-the-year-2021/ |access-date=18 February 2025 |website=Globe Soccer |archive-date=22 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250422092130/https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/f-c-barcelona-best-womens-club-of-the-year-2021/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=19 January 2024 |title=F.C. Barcelona: Best Women's Club |url=https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2023/ |access-date=18 February 2025 |website=Globe Soccer |archive-date=13 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250213022435/https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2023/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=29 May 2024 |title=F.C. Barcelona: BEST WOMEN'S CLUB |url=https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/f-c-barcelona-best-womens-club-2024/ |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Globe Soccer |archive-date=29 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529122257/https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/f-c-barcelona-best-womens-club-2024/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 December 2024 |title=FC Barcelona: Best Women's Club – Silversands |url=https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2024/ |access-date=18 February 2025 |website=Globe Soccer |archive-date=13 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250213025808/https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2024/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=28 December 2025 |title=FC Barcelona: Best Women's Club – AGMC |url=https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2025/ |access-date=8 January 2026 |website=Globe Soccer |archive-date=19 January 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260119054021/https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2025/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |[[World Soccer (magazine)#Women's World Team of the Year|World Soccer Magazine – Women's World Team of the Year]] |2021, 2024 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite magazine |magazine=World Soccer |date=January 2022 |page=53 |title=2021 Winners}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|magazine=[[World Soccer (magazine)|World Soccer]]|date=January 2025|page=31|title=2024 winners}}</ref> |} == Records == ::'''Bold''' dey indicate still-current records <!--Listed chronologically, then under the same top-level record for those which the team has held/broken multiple times--> * Highest unofficial attendance at a women's football match: 60,000 (25 December 1970, til 15 August 1971; [[Selecció Barcelona 0–0 UE Centelles|Barcelona vs. UE Centelles]], [[Camp Nou]])<ref name="Burhan2021">{{cite web |last=Burhan |first=Asif |title=Camp Nou To Host Spanish Women's League Match For The First Time |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/asifburhan/2021/01/05/camp-nou-to-host-spanish-womens-league-match-for-the-first-time/ |access-date=6 June 2023 |website=Forbes |archive-date=6 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606230129/https://www.forbes.com/sites/asifburhan/2021/01/05/camp-nou-to-host-spanish-womens-league-match-for-the-first-time/ |url-status=live }}</ref> * Highest salary for a female footballer: **€250,000 (2017–2018; [[Lieke Martens]])<ref name=":12" /><ref name=Parking/><ref name=":24">{{Cite web |last1=Rendell |first1=Sarah |last2=Wright |first2=Andy |date=17 October 2024 |title=Who is the best paid women's footballer? |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/who-is-the-best-paid-womens-footballer |website=FourFourTwo |access-date=4 December 2024 |archive-date=4 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204175819/https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/who-is-the-best-paid-womens-footballer |url-status=live }}</ref> **€700,000 (2024–2024; [[Alexia Putellas]])<ref name=":24" /> **'''€1'''{{Nbsp}}'''million''' (2024; [[Aitana Bonmatí]])<ref name=":24" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=16 September 2024 |title=Aitana Bonmati becomes highest-paid player in women's football as Barcelona star signs record-breaking contract until 2028 |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/lists/aitana-bonmati-highest-paid-player-women-football-barcelona-record-breaking-contract-2028/blt91e3383e73183952#csba2038161d52c3d7 |website=Goal |access-date=16 September 2024 |archive-date=16 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240916133117/https://www.goal.com/en-gb/lists/aitana-bonmati-highest-paid-player-women-football-barcelona-record-breaking-contract-2028/blt91e3383e73183952#csba2038161d52c3d7 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Harpur |first=Charlotte |title=Aitana Bonmati set to sign lucrative Barcelona contract extension |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5749591/2024/09/06/aitana-bonmati-barcelona-contract/ |work=The New York Times |date=6 September 2024 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=16 September 2024 |access-date=16 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240916133117/https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5749591/2024/09/06/aitana-bonmati-barcelona-contract/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=5 September 2024|title=El contrato millonario que aleja a Aitana Bonmatí del Chelsea: mejor pagada que Alexia|url=https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/culemania/secciones/20240905/el-millonario-que-aitana-bonmati-chelsea-alexia/883661744_0.html|website=Crónica Global|language=es|access-date=16 September 2024|archive-date=16 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240916133822/https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/culemania/secciones/20240905/el-millonario-que-aitana-bonmati-chelsea-alexia/883661744_0.html|url-status=live}}</ref> * Highest attendance at a women's football domestic league match: **26,000 (5 May 2013; [[Athletic Club (women)|Athletic Club]] vs. Barcelona, [[San Mamés Stadium (1913)|San Mamés Stadium]])<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pedraza |first=Jacobo |date=10 September 2018 |title=España es una potencia (también) en fútbol femenino |language=es |work=El País |url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2018/09/10/actualidad/1536565151_435200.html |access-date=21 November 2023 |issn=1134-6582 |archive-date=11 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211184756/https://elpais.com/deportes/2018/09/10/actualidad/1536565151_435200.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=17 años del primer partido del Athletic femenino en San Mamés {{!}} Athletic Club |url=https://www.athletic-club.eus/noticias/2020/03/30/17-anos-del-primer-partido-del-athletic-femenino-en-san-mames |access-date=21 November 2023 |website=www.athletic-club.eus |archive-date=15 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215150633/https://www.athletic-club.eus/noticias/2020/03/30/17-anos-del-primer-partido-del-athletic-femenino-en-san-mames |url-status=live }}</ref> **'''60,739''' (17 March 2019; [[Atlético Madrid Femenino|Atlético Madrid]] vs. Barcelona, [[Metropolitano Stadium]])<ref>{{cite web |title=60.739 espectadores en el Wanda: récord de un partido femenino a nivel de clubes |date=17 March 2019 |url=https://www.marca.com/futbol/futbol-femenino/primera-division/2019/03/17/5c8d58f922601df9688b464f.html |publisher=Marca |language=es |access-date=8 May 2024 |archive-date=24 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250124151822/https://www.marca.com/futbol/futbol-femenino/primera-division/2019/03/17/5c8d58f922601df9688b464f.html |url-status=live }}</ref> * Most consecutive victories insyd all competitions: '''45 wins''' (from 6 June 2021 to 22 April 2022)<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 April 2022 |title=Barcelona Femeni lose to Wolfsburg in Women's Champions League as 45-match win streak snapped |url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/barcelona-femeni-lose-to-wolfsburg-in-women-s-champions-league-as-45-match-win-streak-snapped/blt95a778e1296f2b15 |website=Goal.com |access-date=30 August 2022 |archive-date=30 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220830174851/https://www.goal.com/en/news/barcelona-femeni-lose-to-wolfsburg-in-women-s-champions-league-as-45-match-win-streak-snapped/blt95a778e1296f2b15 |url-status=live }}</ref> * Most consecutive victories insyd league competition: '''62 wins''' (from [[2020–21 FC Barcelona Femení season#Matches|6 June 2021]] to [[2022–23 FC Barcelona Femení season#Matches|6 May 2023]], including the [[2021–22 FC Barcelona Femení season#Matches|2021–22 season]])<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 May 2023 |title=Barcelona women's historic 62-game winning streak ends after Sevilla draw |url=https://www.foxsports.com/stories/soccer/barcelona-womens-historic-62-game-winning-streak-ends-after-sevilla-draw |website=FoxSports.com |access-date=28 May 2024 |archive-date=28 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240528003612/https://www.foxsports.com/stories/soccer/barcelona-womens-historic-62-game-winning-streak-ends-after-sevilla-draw |url-status=live }}</ref> * Highest official attendance at a women's football match: **91,553 (30 March 2022; Barcelona vs [[Real Madrid Femenino|Real Madrid]], Camp Nou)<ref name="Gulino" /> **'''91,648''' (22 April 2022; Barcelona vs [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]], Camp Nou)<ref name="ESPN-UWCLSF" /> * [[List of most expensive women's association football transfers|Most expensive transfer of a women's footballer]]: €470,000 (7 September 2022, til 2024; [[Keira Walsh]], [[Manchester City W.F.C.|Manchester City]] to Barcelona)<ref name=":13" /> * Largest [[Road (sports)#Association football|travelling contingent]] for a women's football match: '''40,000''' (25 May 2024; [[2024 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Barcelona vs. Lyon]], [[San Mamés Stadium (2013)|San Mamés Stadium]])<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2024 |title=40.000 culés ya toman Bilbao en otro récord global del femenino |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20240525/1002252977/40-000-cules-bilbao-record-global-femenino.html |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=Mundo Deportivo |language=es |archive-date=26 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526014957/https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20240525/1002252977/40-000-cules-bilbao-record-global-femenino.html |url-status=live }}</ref> == Current technical staff == === Managers === {| class="wikitable" | * Ramon Carrión (1988–89) * Luis de la Peña (1989–1998) * Salvador Casals (1998–2001) * Natalia Astrain (2002–2006) * Xavi Llorens (2006–2017) * Fran Sánchez (2017–2019) * Lluís Cortés (2019–2021) * Jonatan Giráldez (2021–2024) * Pere Romeu (2024–present) |} == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{Official website}} {{in lang|ca}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Barcelona (women)}} [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení| ]] [[Category:FC Barcelona]] [[Category:Women's football clubs insyd Spain]] [[Category:1970 establishments insyd Catalonia]] [[Category:Football clubs insyd Barcelona]] [[Category:Liga F clubs]] [[Category:Women's sport insyd Catalonia]] hjfg1ntojr5hsrg70w9bs70lxloz0ze 109036 109034 2026-08-04T17:40:14Z DaSupremo 9 /* Records */ Remove error 109036 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Futbol Club Barcelona Femení''', dem commonly refer to as '''Barça Femení''' ((Catalan pronunciation: &#x5B;ˈbaɾsə fəməˈni&#x5D;)<ref>{{cite web |date=29 May 2022 |title=El Barça Femení es proclama campió de la Copa de la Reina enderrocant l'Sporting de Huelva (6–1) |url=https://www.elnacional.cat/ca/esports/barca-femeni-campio-copa-reina-enderrocant-sporting-huelva-6-1_764826_102.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826033107/https://www.elnacional.cat/ca/esports/barca-femeni-campio-copa-reina-enderrocant-sporting-huelva-6-1_764826_102.html |archive-date=26 August 2022 |access-date=26 August 2022 |publisher=El Nacional |language=ca}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=30 March 2022 |title=El Barça Femení goleja al Madrid i fa història amb el rècord mundial d'assistència de públic |url=https://www.publico.es/public/barca-femeni-goleja-madrid-i-fa-historia-amb-record-mundial-d-assistencia-public.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826033109/https://www.publico.es/public/barca-femeni-goleja-madrid-i-fa-historia-amb-record-mundial-d-assistencia-public.html |archive-date=26 August 2022 |access-date=26 August 2022 |publisher=Público.es |language=ca}}</ref> anaa simply '''Barça''', be a Spanish professional women's football team wey base insyd Barcelona, Catalonia. E be de women's football section of FC Barcelona den dey compete insyd de Liga F, de top tier of Spanish women's football, wey dey play home games at de Johan Cruyff Stadium insyd Sant Joan Despí, den occasionally at de Camp Nou anaa Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys. Dem form de club insyd 1970 plus sam financial den logistical support from FC Barcelona, buh widout e be an official section. Insyd ein inaugural season e compete insyd matches against oda Catalan teams; na originally be known as '''Selecció Ciutat de Barcelona''' before e take de name '''Peña Femenina Barcelonista''' insyd 1971. Shortly after dem officially recognize women's football insyd Spain, de team cam be known as '''Club Femení Barcelona''' insyd 1983 til 2002, wen e officially cam be a section of FC Barcelona wey e take de official name Futbol Club Barcelona. Domestically, Barcelona Femení be de most successful Spanish women's team, plus eleven league titles, twelve Copas de la Reina, den six Supercopas, as well as eleven Copas Catalunyas. E sanso win de previous second tier of Spanish women's football a record four times after e battle relegation den fighting for promotion thru out de 2000s. Since de club ein professionalisation insyd 2015, Barcelona cement einself as Spain ein dominant women's football team, wey e cam be de league ein most successful team insyd de UEFA Women's Champions League, den one of de most successful women's football teams insyd Europe. E win de Champions League insyd 2021, 2023, 2024 den 2026; plus ein first Champions League title, Barcelona cam be de first (den only) Spanish women's team to complete a continental treble, den plus ein third Champions League win, dem cam be de first (den only) Spanish women's team to complete a continental quadruple.<ref name=":19">{{Cite web |last=Rodergas |first=Clara |date=26 May 2024 |title=Històriques i eternes |url=https://www.lesportiudecatalunya.cat/barca/article/2421868-historiques-i-eternes.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526001615/https://www.lesportiudecatalunya.cat/barca/article/2421868-historiques-i-eternes.html |archive-date=26 May 2024 |access-date=26 May 2024 |website=L'Esportiu de Catalunya |language=ca}}</ref> == History == === 1970s: Beginnings === Women's football insyd Spain, particularly Barcelona, get a certain level of popularity insyd de 1960s, buh na e be amateur, unofficial den technically banned.<ref name="Alcalde 20202">{{cite journal |last1=Alcalde |first1=Maria Dolors Ribalta |last2=Martí |first2=Xavier Pujadas |date=22 January 2020 |title=Women, Football, and Francoism: Lesbians and the Formation of Social Networks through Women's Football in Barcelona, 1970–1979 |url=https://cogentoa.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09523367.2020.1722646 |url-status=dead |journal=The International Journal of the History of Sport |volume=37 |issue=1–2 |pages=94–112 |doi=10.1080/09523367.2020.1722646 |hdl=20.500.14342/4153 |s2cid=214040923 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220803184756/https://cogentoa.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09523367.2020.1722646 |archive-date=3 August 2022 |via=cogentoa.tandfonline.com (Atypon) |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Na de "embryo" of Barcelona Femení be de Selecció Ciutat de Barcelona, dem form insyd November 1970.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Oinam |first=Jayanta |date=13 August 2023 |title=Camp Nou and the world record attendance for a women's match |url=https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/articles/camp-nou-and-the-world-record-attendance-for-a-womens-match |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121061027/https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/articles/camp-nou-and-the-world-record-attendance-for-a-womens-match |archive-date=21 November 2023 |access-date=31 January 2024 |website=FIFA}}</ref><ref name=":022">{{Cite web |date=24 December 2020 |title=FC Barcelona Women's Golden Anniversary |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1949097/fc-barcelona-womens-golden-anniversary |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250623133459/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1949097/fc-barcelona-womens-golden-anniversary |archive-date=23 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=en}}</ref> Insyd at least as early as de 1960s, FC Barcelona get women's teams play insyd exhibition games at de Camp Nou; de club no dey consider dese as antecedents to ein current women's team as na dem "[be] teams wey be created only for dat occasion, unlike Selecció Ciutat [de Barcelona], wich na dem create plus de idea of continuity den dey lay de groundwork for a future project."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barça Women return to Camp Nou 50 years after first game played by pioneers |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.fr/fr/actualites/1945516/barca-women-return-to-camp-nou-50-years-after-first-game-played-by-pioneers |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304132731/https://www.fcbarcelona.fr/fr/actualites/1945516/barca-women-return-to-camp-nou-50-years-after-first-game-played-by-pioneers |archive-date=4 March 2024 |access-date=4 March 2024 |website=Fcbarcelona.fr |language=en}}</ref> Upon Barcelona announcing Selecció Barcelona as ein new women's team, ''El Noticiero Universal'' report say de club almost pioneer women's football insyd Spain "chaw years earlier", having gone so far as to organise a game wey dem no fi be played for reasons beyond dema control.<ref>{{Cite news|date=18 November 1970|title=El Barcelona crea equipo femenino|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1584759|work=El Noticiero Universal|pages=28|via=[[Library of Catalonia]]|archive-date=8 April 2024|access-date=8 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240408022255/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1584759|url-status=live}}</ref> Dem create de team after footballer Immaculada Cabecerán approach de club plus de proposition insyd November 1970; de resulting team get continuity to de present. De Selecció Barcelona play dema first match on Christmas Day 1970, winning on penalties against Unió Esportiva Centelles in front of a crowd of around 60,000 people.<ref name=":022" /> Although na de team no be officially part of de club structure, na e be de first match wey a women's team play formally associated plus FC Barcelona (then dem know as CF Barcelona). De women's team then change ein name to Penya Femenina Barça (Peña Femenina Barcelonista) insyd early 1971,<ref name=":022" /> quickly be cam very popular,<ref name=":23">{{Cite news|date=5 January 1971|title=C. D. UNIVERSITARIO – SELECCION DE BARCELONA DE FUTBOL FEMENINO, MAÑANA EN LA CIUDAD UNIVERSITARIA|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1584797|work=El Noticiero Universal|pages=24|archive-date=27 November 2024|access-date=8 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127070438/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1584797|url-status=live}}</ref> wey dem play more matches at de Camp Nou plus large crowds.<ref name=":022" /> PF Barcelona wear de club ein ''blaugrana'' strip from 1971, widout de crest.<ref>{{Cite web |last=esport3 |date=20 December 2021 |title=El Barça es planteja jugar al Camp Nou la tornada de la Champions contra el Madrid |url=https://www.ccma.cat/esport3/el-barca-es-planteja-jugar-al-camp-nou-la-tornada-de-la-champions-contra-el-madrid/noticia/3136183/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304132327/https://www.ccma.cat/esport3/el-barca-es-planteja-jugar-al-camp-nou-la-tornada-de-la-champions-contra-el-madrid/noticia/3136183/ |archive-date=4 March 2024 |access-date=4 March 2024 |website=CCMA |language=ca}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=RCD Espanyol – History |url=https://www.rcdespanyol.com/en/history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304132149/https://www.rcdespanyol.com/en/history |archive-date=4 March 2024 |access-date=4 March 2024 |website=www.rcdespanyol.com}}</ref> Na dem be runner-up insyd de first cup competition insyd Catalonia, insyd 1971,<ref>{{Cite web |title=49 years since first women's football final in Catalonia |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1649703/49-years-since-first-womens-football-final-in-catalonia |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215140300/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1649703/49-years-since-first-womens-football-final-in-catalonia |archive-date=15 December 2023 |access-date=23 April 2024 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |language=en}}</ref> before winning de Catalonia-based league insyd 1973.<ref>{{cite news|date=21 February 1974|title=FUTBOL FEMENINO|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1974/02/21/pagina-6/1001474/pdf.html|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|page=6|language=Spanish|archive-date=3 May 2024|access-date=23 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240503043439/http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1974/02/21/pagina-6/1001474/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> De initial strength of women's football insyd Spain be flagging by 1975,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1586099|title=Auge del futbol femenino|date=31 May 1975|newspaper=El Noticiero Universal|language=es|page=21|author=Piconaire|archive-date=26 April 2025|access-date=16 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250426104302/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1586099|url-status=live}}</ref> den by September 1977 na der no longer be a women's league insyd Catalonia, plus de idea of one dem sanso consider somewhat unrealistic.<ref name="FutbolFemeninoYa">{{cite news|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1590725|title=Maria Teresa Andreu: Fútbol femenino, ya|date=7 September 1977|page=8|newspaper=El Noticiero Universal|language=es|last=Mora|first=Francisco|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=16 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130140244/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1590725|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd February 1977, P.F. Barcelona for publish a call for players insyd de ''Revista Barcelonista'', plus de magazine wey dey suggest na der be a crisis insyd lack of players. Na e promote de team as a way to "keep in shape" den look good, rather dan emphasising sport.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Porta |first1=Frederic |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wQ07DQAAQBAJ |title=Barça Insólito: 800 historias de la Historia |last2=Tomás |first2=Manuel |date=9 March 2017 |publisher=ROCA EDITORIAL |isbn=978-84-945569-5-1 |page=543. Para mantener la línea |language=ca}}</ref> During de down period of de late 1970s, Barcelona be one of de large teams wey continue dey play, wey dey include against women's teams from leagues insyd oda countries. Maria Teresa Andreu, presido of P.F. Barcelona at de time, feel say FC Barcelona respect de team, wey de club dey support den dey involve dem.<ref name="FutbolFemeninoYa" /> Na dem san establish a Catalan women's league by de 1978–79 season, plus a concurrent cup competition insyd wich P.F. Barcelona Atlético fini as runners-up after dem loose de final on penalties,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1591260|title=Deporte en la empresa: Premios y trofeos temporada 1978/79 {{!}} Futbol femenino Campeonato provincial final, P.F. Blanquiazul, 1 P.F. Barna. Atco., 1: por penaltys, campeon la Peña F. Feminino Blanquiazul|first=A|last=Goñi|date=7 June 1979|newspaper=El Noticiero Universal|page=28|language=es|archive-date=30 March 2025|access-date=11 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250330021346/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1591260|url-status=live}}</ref> before na P.F. Barcelona be second insyd de league insyd 1979–80.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1589655&posicion=26&presentacion=pagina|title=Torneo Femenino|language=es|newspaper=El Noticiero Universal|editor-last=Pedret|editor-first=A. G.|others=F. Amaro, J.M. Garcia, Planas, R. Rubiella|date=30 January 1980|page=26|archive-date=30 March 2025|access-date=5 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250330021300/https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1589655&posicion=26&presentacion=pagina|url-status=live}}</ref> === 1981–1988: Lliga catalana den rivalry plus Barcilona === De Spanish Football Federation (then FEF, now RFEF) formally recognise women's football insyd 1980<ref>{{Cite web |title=Serial Fútbol Femenino en MARCA.com &#124; El origen clandestino de la selección |url=https://www.marca.com/reportajes/2013/04/serial_futbol_femenino/2013/04/23/seccion_01/1366710025.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812225857/https://www.marca.com/reportajes/2013/04/serial_futbol_femenino/2013/04/23/seccion_01/1366710025.html |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=1 February 2024 |website=www.marca.com}}</ref> den insyd 1981 dem approve for a women's football department of de Catalan Football Federation (FCF) to create de Women's Catalan Football League,<ref>{{Cite news|last=López Recasens|first=X|date=6 December 1984|title=Cataluña, pionera del futbol femenino|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/12/06/pagina-19/1118025/pdf.html|work=Mundo Deportivo|pages=19|language=es|archive-date=21 August 2024|access-date=4 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240821075644/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/12/06/pagina-19/1118025/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1981/02/14/pagina-38/1059195/pdf.html|title=Acuerdos de la Federación Española: Habra Campeonato de Futbol Femenino en Cataluña|date=13 February 1981|editor-last=Castillo|editor-first=Juan Jose|page=38|language=es|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=16 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130141423/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1981/02/14/pagina-38/1059195/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> of wich na Barcelona be a founding member.<ref name="TomasHistoria">{{cite book |last=Tomás Belenguer |first=Manuel |title=Barça femení: història des dels orígens fins al triplet |publisher=Editorial Base |year=2021 |isbn=9788419007001 |location=Barcelona |pages=85–94 |language=ca}}</ref> Insyd de 1982–83 season, de team take former player den advocate Núria Llansà as coach,<ref name="Llansa">{{Cite web |title=Núria Llansà |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/card/3830726/nuria-llansa |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240201155835/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/card/3830726/nuria-llansa |archive-date=1 February 2024 |access-date=1 February 2024 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |language=en}}</ref> wey dem change ein name. Andreu suggest de team be called Club Femenino/Femení (CF) Barcelona, to be closer to de name of de men's team, wey dis change dem make official before de 1983 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol;<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 December 2020 |title=Los 50 años del Barça femenino de fútbol: atrás quedan los días de campos de tierra y pensiones baratas |url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/futbol/20201224/barca-femenino-futbol-50-anos-11420504 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250325015132/https://www.elperiodico.com/es/futbol/20201224/barca-femenino-futbol-50-anos-11420504 |archive-date=25 March 2025 |access-date=10 September 2024 |website=www.elperiodico.com |language=es}}</ref> dem still sometimes be known as Penya Femenina Barcelona later insyd de decade,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Introducción histórica del futbol femenino |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/887434/introduccion-historica-del-futbol-femenino |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040528/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/887434/introduccion-historica-del-futbol-femenino |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.fcbarcelona.es |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/07/14/pagina-14/1108745/pdf.html|title=En Horta, final de la copa catalana|date=14 July 1984|language=es|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|page=14|last=Mentruit|first=Imma|archive-date=25 March 2025|access-date=4 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250325015806/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/07/14/pagina-14/1108745/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> wey na dem no be an official section of FC Barcelona.<ref name="Lucha">{{Cite news|last=Galindo|first=Jesús|date=2 January 1983|title=EL FUTBOL FEMENINO LUCHA POR SOBREVIVIR|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1983/01/02/pagina-19/1090385/pdf.html|work=[[Mundo Deportivo]]|pages=19|archive-date=29 June 2024|access-date=29 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629233344/http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1983/01/02/pagina-19/1090385/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> How na dem run de women's team cause a splinter group to leave den form de independent team Penya Barcelonista Barcilona insyd 1981, wey former Barcelona players Francina den Vicenta Pubill i Font lead. In terms of titles, na Barcilona be much more successful dan Barcelona insyd de 1980s,<ref>{{cite news|title=Barcelona: los puntos sobre las "ies"|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1986/04/03/pagina-28/1149080/pdf.html#&mode=fullScreen|access-date=28 June 2024|date=3 April 1986|page=28|newspaper=[[Mundo Deportivo]]|first=X|last=López Recasens|archive-date=30 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130141151/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1986/04/03/pagina-28/1149080/pdf.html#&mode=fullScreen|url-status=live}}</ref> though na de two be considered de teams to beat within Catalan women's football wey dem "fight to de death" insyd de league.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/12/28/pagina-23/1126928/pdf.html|title=El Barcilona, nuevo lider|first=X|last=López Recasens|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|date=28 December 1985|page=23|language=es|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=4 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130141242/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/12/28/pagina-23/1126928/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="BCampeon">{{cite news|title=Barcilona, campeón|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/04/07/pagina-24/1120860/pdf.html#&mode=fullScreen|access-date=26 June 2024|language=es|date=7 April 1985|page=24|newspaper=[[Mundo Deportivo]]|first=X|last=López Recasens|archive-date=2 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240702014220/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/04/07/pagina-24/1120860/pdf.html#&mode=fullScreen|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Empieza">{{Cite news|last=López Recasens|first=X|date=12 January 1985|title=Empieza el "play-off"|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/01/12/pagina-19/1116341/pdf.html|work=Mundo Deportivo|pages=19|language=es|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=4 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130141018/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/01/12/pagina-19/1116341/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Oda top Catalan teams at de time be ''derbi femení'' rivals Espanyol den anoda independent team, Vallès Occidental.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1987/05/26/pagina-20/1151001/pdf.html|title=Valles Occidental: Las campeonas buscan sponsor|date=26 May 1987|page=20|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|last=López R.|first=X|language=es|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=5 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130141139/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1987/05/26/pagina-20/1151001/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Barcelona win ein first official competition – de Copa Generalitat/Copa Catalana, a predecessor to de Copa Catalunya — by defeating Barcilona den Vallès Occidental insyd 1985.<ref name="Title2020">{{Cite web |date=28 June 2020 |title=El Barça Femenino ganó el primer título oficial de su historia hace 35 años |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/femenino-a/noticias/1699636/el-barca-femenino-gano-el-primer-titulo-oficial-de-su-historia-hace-35-anos |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040530/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/femenino-a/noticias/1699636/el-barca-femenino-gano-el-primer-titulo-oficial-de-su-historia-hace-35-anos |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.fcbarcelona.es |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=es}}</ref> Na support from FC Barcelona vary insyd de era: insyd January 1983, ahead of de Copa de la Reina, na Barcelona no get fixed training facilities anaa times (unlike de majority of teams insyd de league, though Barcilona sanso no get) den de relationship plus FC Barcelona be considered among de worst of women's teams plus parent clubs. Reportedly, na FC Barcelona "no wan to know" wen e cam to dem.<ref name="Lucha" /> Insyd 1984, de year Llansà be promoted to director of de women's football team,<ref name="Llansa" /> na dem thank FC Barcelona for taking a much more sustained interest insyd women's football, having offered ein stadiums (wey dey include de Camp Nou) den facilities.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/03/17/pagina-6/1103266/pdf.html|language=Spanish|title=España–Francia: Chicas... ¡al campo!|date=17 March 1984|page=6|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|last=Serra|first=Josep Ma.|archive-date=5 July 2024|access-date=4 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705063440/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/03/17/pagina-6/1103266/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Since at least 1985, de team play chaw home games at de Mini Estadi.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/11/23/pagina-22/1434701/pdf.html|title=0–27: El Valles abuso del Bemen|first=X|last=López Recasens|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|language=es|date=23 November 1985|page=22|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=5 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130142006/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1985/11/23/pagina-22/1434701/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1988/02/06/pagina-23/1440520/pdf.html|title=Futbol Femenino {{!}} Dos amistosos para la selección catalana|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|author=Xavier|date=6 February 1988|page=23|language=es|archive-date=6 July 2024|access-date=14 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706124325/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1988/02/06/pagina-23/1440520/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Tomás |first=Manuel |title=Les Corts i el Barça: vuitanta-cinc anys d'història compartida |publisher=[[City Council of Barcelona]] |year=2007 |isbn=978-84-9850-055-4 |location=Barcelona |language=ca}}</ref> Llansà go remain director til na de team be incorporated as an official section of FC Barcelona.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sport |date=26 June 2019 |title=Falleció Núria Llansà, exjugadora del FC Barcelona |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/veteranos/fallecio-nuria-llansa-exjugadora-barcelona-7524142 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240201155834/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/veteranos/fallecio-nuria-llansa-exjugadora-barcelona-7524142 |archive-date=1 February 2024 |access-date=1 February 2024 |website=www.sport.es |language=es}}</ref> === 1988–2001: Liga Nacional den inconsistency === Insyd 1988, Club Femení Barcelona, wich na be sponsored by FC Barcelona, be a founding member of de Liga Nacional, de first top-flight national women's league insyd Spain.<ref name=":26">{{Cite book |last1=Porta |first1=Frederic |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cw47DQAAQBAJ |title=Barça Insòlit: 800 històries de la Història |last2=Tomás |first2=Manuel |date=9 March 2017 |publisher=ROCA EDITORIAL |isbn=978-84-945569-6-8 |pages=547–548 |language=ca |access-date=20 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251201215620/https://books.google.com/books?id=Cw47DQAAQBAJ |archive-date=1 December 2025 |url-status=live}}</ref> Dema performances insyd dis iteration of de league be inconsistent from de start, wey dey loose to weak teams den dey beat otherwise unbeatable ones, cementing demaselves as a mid-table team. Dem get a successful three-year run insyd de early 1990s, placing insyd de league top three between 1992 den 1994, den winning de 1994 Copa de la Reina.<ref name=":26" /> Dem subsequently decline to bottom table positions buh, despite dema weaker performances insyd de later years of de Liga Nacional, dem always manage to stay insyd de top division.<ref name=":26" /> Andreu join de board of FC Barcelona insyd 2000,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Andreu Grau, Maria Teresa stats {{!}} FC Barcelona Players |url=https://players.fcbarcelona.com/en/player/2451-maria-teresa-andreu-grau-maria-teresa |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910224121/https://players.fcbarcelona.com/en/player/2451-maria-teresa-andreu-grau-maria-teresa |archive-date=10 September 2024 |access-date=10 September 2024 |website=FCB Jugadors |language=es}}</ref> den within de year dem bring Club Femení Barcelona into de Barcelona Foundation ein organisational structure, wey dey make de women's team part of de club insyd administration.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Escudero |first=Sergi |date=31 May 2023 |title=Les revolucionàries del Barça abans d'Alexia Putellas |url=https://www.ara.cat/esports/barca-femeni/revolucionaries-barca-alexia_1_4714487.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240909014354/https://www.ara.cat/esports/barca-femeni/revolucionaries-barca-alexia_1_4714487.html |archive-date=9 September 2024 |access-date=10 September 2024 |website=Ara.cat |language=ca}}</ref> === 2002–2007: Becoming an official section den Segunda División === Insyd 2001, na dem rebrand de league into de Superliga Femenina secof natural growth; na dem no accept Barcelona into de top division, as dem no fi pay de inscription fee of [[Spanish peseta|₧]]3 million, wey na dem install insyd de new Superliga second division, de lowest tier of national football at de time (though dem sub-divide by regional group). Llansà push for de team to be recognised den supported as a section of de club;<ref>{{cite web |last=Irigoyen |first=Juan I. |date=16 May 2021 |title=El Barcelona conquista Europa |url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2021-05-16/el-barcelona-conquista-europa.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240917162420/https://elpais.com/deportes/2021-05-16/el-barcelona-conquista-europa.html |archive-date=17 September 2024 |access-date=17 September 2024 |website=El País |language=es}}</ref> insyd de summer of 2002, de FC Barcelona board unanimously approve ratifying de decision to incorporate CF Barcelona as an official section, wey de club rebrand de women's section to Futbol Club Barcelona Femení.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=LoRé |first=Michael |date=6 March 2020 |title=How FC Barcelona Is Paving The Way For Women's Soccer |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaellore/2020/03/06/how-fc-barcelona-is-paving-the-way-for-womens-soccer/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040519/https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaellore/2020/03/06/how-fc-barcelona-is-paving-the-way-for-womens-soccer/ |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=29 October 2021 |work=[[Forbes]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Parking">{{cite web |last=Irigoyen |first=Juan I. |date=14 May 2021 |title=De jugar en el parking a estar en la élite de Europa |url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2021-05-14/del-aparcamiento-a-la-elite-de-europa.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250317155121/https://elpais.com/deportes/2021-05-14/del-aparcamiento-a-la-elite-de-europa.html |archive-date=17 March 2025 |access-date=16 September 2024 |website=El País |language=es}}</ref> De next year, de team nominally cam be professional, buh na dem no dey receive livable salaries wey dem still for maintain oda jobs.<ref name="Parking" /> Barcelona win ein group insyd de Segunda División insyd 2002 den 2003, buh e remain insyd de second division after unsuccessful appearances insyd de promotion playoffs. Na dem eventually promote am to de Superliga Femenina insyd 2004. Once dem promote am, de team enjoy sam popularity insyd de 2004–05 season secof de signing of de Mexican international Maribel "Marigol" Domínguez den de Spanish María Luisa Coimbra, though dis no translate into quality results give de team.<ref name="20minutos-2005">{{Cite web |last=Pelayo |first=José |date=10 February 2005 |title=El otro duelo de 'cracks' |url=http://www.20minutos.es/noticia/4258/0/el/otro/duelo/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050511070711/http://www.20minutos.es/noticia/4258/0/el/otro/duelo/ |archive-date=11 May 2005 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=20minutos.es |publisher=[[20 minutos]]}}</ref> Na dem hire Xavi Llorens as manager insyd 2006 to replace Natalia Astrain,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bonals |first=Laia |date=16 May 2021 |title=Making history has never been so close |url=https://en.ara.cat/sports/making-history-has-never-been-close_130_3986303.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130144220/https://en.ara.cat/sports/making-history-has-never-been-close_130_3986303.html |archive-date=30 November 2024 |access-date=16 September 2024 |website=Ara}}</ref> wey na she be among de figures to leave wen de club restructure den significantly reduce de women's section insyd de summer of 2006.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/2006/06/30/pagina-29/829841/pdf.html|title=Habrá reestructuración en el fútbol femenino|last=Roura|first=C|date=30 June 2006|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|page=29|language=es|archive-date=26 December 2024|access-date=16 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226141327/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/2006/06/30/pagina-29/829841/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Na Llorens be unable to keep de team insyd de Superliga, den at de end of de 2006–07 season, na de team be relegated den de club consider dissolving de section.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD02/PUB/2007/05/07/EMD20070507014MDP.pdf|access-date=2 August 2022|language=es|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|date=7 May 2007|title=Stoichkov quiere a Alexanko|last1=Roura|first1=C|last2=Solé|first2=S|page=14|archive-date=4 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404061221/http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD02/PUB/2007/05/07/EMD20070507014MDP.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2008–2015: Return to de top flight den first Golden Era === [[File:Final_Copa_Catalunya_Femenina_RCDE_0_–_1_FCB_(6089064812).jpg|right|thumb|Barcelona dey celebrate dema 2011 Copa Catalunya win]] Barcelona return to de Superliga insyd 2008, den between 2009 den 2011, na dem consolidate demaselves insyd top positions insyd de league table.<ref name=":8">{{cite web |date=19 June 2011 |title=FC Barcelona, campeón de la Copa de SM La Reina tras vencer al RCD Espanyol (1–0) |url=http://www.rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=119&ID=1479 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111227112831/http://www.rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=119&ID=1479 |archive-date=27 December 2011 |access-date=19 June 2011 |publisher=rfef.es |language=es}}</ref> Insyd 2011, na dem win dema second Copa de la Reina, wey dem beat local rivals Espanyol 1–0 insyd de final.<ref name=":8" /> Insyd 2012, na dem win dema first league title plus a then-record 94 points,<ref>{{cite web |date=27 May 2012 |title=El Barça femenino, campeón de Liga |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/20120527/mundo-barsa/barca-barca-femenino-liga-campeonas_54300366310.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423181156/https://www.mundodeportivo.com/20120527/mundo-barsa/barca-barca-femenino-liga-campeonas_54300366310.html |archive-date=23 April 2019 |access-date=27 May 2012 |publisher=mundodeportivo.com |language=es}}</ref> qualifying for de UEFA Women's Champions League for de first time before exiting insyd de first round.<ref name=":9">{{cite web |last1=Menayo |first1=David |date=16 June 2013 |title=El Barcelona firma el primer doblete de su historia |url=https://www.marca.com/2013/06/16/futbol/futbol_femenino/1371380550.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204744/https://www.marca.com/2013/06/16/futbol/futbol_femenino/1371380550.html |archive-date=24 June 2021 |access-date=20 June 2021 |website=marca.com |publisher=[[Marca (newspaper)|MARCA]]}}</ref> Dem successfully defend de league insyd 2013 plus a last matchday away win over leading team Athletic Bilbao, before winning de 2013 Copa de la Reina to be cam de fifth Spanish women's team to achieve de domestic double.<ref name=":9" /> Barcelona qualify for de quarterfinals of de Women's Champions League for de first time insyd de 2013–14 edition,<ref name=":4">{{cite web |date=17 June 2014 |title=Golden era for FC Barcelona's women's team |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/1123347/golden-era-for-fc-barcelonas-womens-team |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240201160947/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/1123347/golden-era-for-fc-barcelonas-womens-team |archive-date=1 February 2024 |access-date=1 February 2024 |website=FC Barcelona}}</ref> a season insyd wich dem win dema third straight league title. Between 17 April 2011 den 11 December 2011, Barcelona maintain a 15-match winning streak, de longest consecutive run insyd Spanish women's football history by 2015; den between 23 September 2012 den 20 April 2014, dem get a 54-game unbeaten run, anoda record at de time.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramos |first=D |date=4 September 2015 |title=20 cosas que deberías saber de la Liga femenina de fútbol |url=https://www.marca.com/2015/09/04/futbol/futbol_femenino/1441360348.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240202003510/https://www.marca.com/2015/09/04/futbol/futbol_femenino/1441360348.html |archive-date=2 February 2024 |access-date=2 February 2024 |website=MARCA.com |language=es}}</ref> By de end of de 2013–14 season, de club refer to de previous four years of Barcelona Femení as a Golden Era insyd wich dem "absolutely dominate de Spanish football scene", den de team receive dema own section insyd de Barça Museum.<ref name=":4" /> Insyd de following 2014–15 season, dem cam be de first team insyd de Spanish women's league to win four straight league titles.<ref>{{Cite web |last=González |first=Inma |date=18 April 2015 |title=Las chicas del Barça conquistan su cuarta Liga consecutiva |url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/deportes/20150418/chicas-barca-conquistan-cuarta-liga-consecutiva-4112042 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130144715/https://www.elperiodico.com/es/deportes/20150418/chicas-barca-conquistan-cuarta-liga-consecutiva-4112042 |archive-date=30 November 2024 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=www.elperiodico.com |language=es}}</ref> === 2015–2018: Professionalism den rivalry plus Atlético Madrid === Insyd de summer of 2015, de club make de decision to professionalise de women's section.<ref name=":1" /> Despite dema domestic success, players be unable to make a living playing give Barcelona Femení, wey de club know e no fi compete insyd de Champions League against professional teams from oda countries.<ref name=":5" /> De team make a sponsorship deal plus Stanley Tools insyd 2014, wich allow dem to be cam professional,<ref name=":5" /> wey dem add a shirt deal insyd 2018 wey make Stanley de first shirt sponsor specific to de women's team.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 July 2018 |title=STANLEY Becomes the First Main Jersey Partner of FC Barcelona Women's Team |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/792979/stanley-becomes-the-first-main-jersey-partner-of-fc-barcelona-womens-team |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030042022/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/792979/stanley-becomes-the-first-main-jersey-partner-of-fc-barcelona-womens-team |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=en}}</ref> Na dem no be included insyd de deal wen Rakuten sponsor de men's team ein shirts insyd 2016 allow Barcelona Femení to sign an exclusivity deal plus Stanley for around €3.5&nbsp;million per year, wey dey separate de team ein finances den dey make dem individually profitable.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 October 2018 |title=Barça Women turns profitable with Stanley I Women's Football Marketing |url=https://www.xavibove.es/en/barca-women-turns-profitable-with-3-5me-from-stanley/ |access-date=9 May 2024 |website=Xavi Bové |language=en-GB}}</ref> Plus de professionalisation, de club begin changes, wey dey include bringing insyd Markel Zubizarreta first as women's team manager insyd 2015.<ref name=":14">{{Cite web |title=Markel Zubizarreta set to leave the Club |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/3701220/markel-zubizarreta-set-to-leave-the-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240508110131/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/3701220/markel-zubizarreta-set-to-leave-the-club |archive-date=8 May 2024 |access-date=8 May 2024 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |language=en}}</ref> Barcelona ein domestic dominance end as dem go thru de process of becoming professional, plus then-captain Vicky Losada later dey talk say na de jump "be a big change" initially, dey disrupt de team.<ref name=":5" /> As part of dema new professionalism, Barcelona place a greater priority on competing insyd de Champions League,<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|title=Barcelona sign England striker Duggan|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/40514401|access-date=9 February 2024|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB|archive-date=6 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006011858/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/40514401|url-status=live}}</ref> though dem focus on improving conditions rather dan immediately trying to match de level of foreign teams.<ref name=":72">{{Cite web |last=Sport |date=22 April 2015 |title="El año que viene queremos conseguir otra liga" |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/barcelona-femenino-queremos-liga-4123547 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250502010524/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/barcelona-femenino-queremos-liga-4123547 |archive-date=2 May 2025 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=www.sport.es |language=es}}</ref> Dem reach dema first Champions League semi-final insyd de 2016–17 season, wich na dem compare to de rapid rise of Manchester City W.F.C., wey cam be professional wey then dem achieve dis milestone at de same times as Barcelona.<ref name=":6" /> Dis period sanso coincide plus Atlético Madrid Femenino "wey dey emerge as a really strong side". Atlético cam be a challenger to Barcelona ein success, wey dem do so by playing plus a style wey counteracted Barcelona ein own: a rivalry develop between de teams wey Losada describe am as de women's ''Clásico''.<ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Egorov |first=Grigory |date=6 September 2019 |title=Barca Femeni goalkeeper: Real Madrid's women's team have to earn Clasico status |url=https://tribuna.com/en/news/fcbarcelona-2019-09-06-barca-femeni-goalkeeper-real-madrids-womens-team-have-to-earn-clasico-status/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040528/https://tribuna.com/en/news/fcbarcelona-2019-09-06-barca-femeni-goalkeeper-real-madrids-womens-team-have-to-earn-clasico-status/ |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=Tribuna.com}}</ref> Atlético win de three league titles between de 2016–17 den 2018–19 seasons, wey Barcelona be runners-up insyd each of those seasons.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Gulino |first=Joey |date=17 March 2019 |title=Barcelona's win over Atletico Madrid sets attendance record for women's club match |url=https://www.yahoo.com/now/barcelonas-win-over-atletico-madrid-sets-attendance-record-for-womens-club-match-160324919.html |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.yahoo.com |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |language=en-US}}</ref> After struggling against Atlético for a few years,<ref name=":5" /> Barcelona beat dem insyd de final of de 2017 Copa de la Reina, insyd Llorens ein final match as coach.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FC Barcelona Women v Atlético Madrid: Copa de la Reina winners! (4–1) |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/755585/fc-barcelona-women-v-atletico-madrid-copa-de-la-reina-winners-4-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221019124143/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/755585/fc-barcelona-women-v-atletico-madrid-copa-de-la-reina-winners-4-1 |archive-date=19 October 2022 |access-date=9 February 2024 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |language=en}}</ref> Llorens cam insyd to restructure de women's section insyd 2006 wen na e be weak, wey ein departure sanso bring about change. Under ein replacement, Fran Sánchez,<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /> den plus Zubizarreta cam be sporting director insyd summer 2017,<ref name=":14" /> Barcelona Femení move away from ein focus on development den integration of youth players.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /> De process briefly change to signing multiple big names insyd international football, wey dey include England star Toni Duggan<ref name=":6" /> den Lieke Martens, wey dem make de highest-paid female footballer. Insyd de summer of 2018, Barcelona Femení join de men's team on a pre-season tour for de first time, one of de measures wey make ''The Guardian'' consider dem a groundbreaker insyd "growing commercial opportunities" den dey promote equality give women's football.<ref name=":12">{{Cite news|last=Taylor|first=Louise|date=19 July 2018|title=Everton and Barcelona take pioneering lead towards equality|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2018/jul/19/everton-barcelona-lead-towards-equality-whatif|access-date=9 February 2024|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> === 2019–2024: De new dynasty === Barcelona defeat Atlético at de Wanda Metropolitano on 17 March 2019, insyd a match wey break de world record for attendance at a women's club football match plus 60,739 attendees.<ref name=":3" /> Later dat season, Barcelona progress to dema first ever Champions League final, meeting den losing 1–4 to five-time Champions League winners Olympique Lyonnais Féminin (Lyon).<ref>{{Cite news|last=Panja|first=Tariq|date=18 May 2019|title=Lyon Routs Barcelona to Win Fourth Straight Women's Champions League Title|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/18/sports/lyon-barcelona-champions-league-title.html|access-date=18 February 2024|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=18 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218200049/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/18/sports/lyon-barcelona-champions-league-title.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Na Sánchez be replaced by Lluís Cortés insyd January 2019 den,<ref>{{cite web |date=8 January 2019 |title=Lluís Cortés takes over women's team |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/969839/lluis-cortes-takes-over-womens-team |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526181417/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/969839/lluis-cortes-takes-over-womens-team |archive-date=26 May 2024 |access-date=24 December 2021 |publisher=FCBarcelona.com}}</ref> dey start insyd summer 2019, Barcelona aim to reduce de number of signings each year, returning to de long-term project of homegrown talent as de basis of de team;<ref name=":5" /> Zubizarreta go gain a reputation as de "architect", wey dey build de team from youth acquisitions den dey convince higher profile players, a "low-cost" method of creating a strong, cohesive team.<ref name=":15">{{Cite web |date=7 April 2024 |title=La plantilla más valiosa del mundo es 'low-cost' |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/plantilla-valiosa-mundo-low-cost-100702043 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240508110131/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/plantilla-valiosa-mundo-low-cost-100702043 |archive-date=8 May 2024 |access-date=8 May 2024 |website=www.sport.es |language=es}}</ref> Barcelona Femení begin only incorporating external players wey be connected to de team ein style, wey Losada dey insist say "de style of de club be sacred."<ref name=":5" /> After losing de 2019 Champions League final, de team direct investment to oda areas, wey dey include improvement insyd conditions den an expanded support staff.<ref name=":15" /> De period from Barcelona ein surge insyd success den cementing of identity insyd 2019, to de present as of 2024, be described as a dynastic era give de team den as de "new dynasty" of Europe.<ref name=":11">{{Cite magazine|last=Gastelum|first=Andrew|date=20 May 2022|title=How Barcelona Femení Became the World's Most Dominant Team|url=https://www.si.com/soccer/2022/05/20/barcelona-femeni-alexia-dynasty-champions-league-final-daily-cover|access-date=4 May 2024|magazine=Sports Illustrated|language=en-us|archive-date=22 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230822063120/https://www.si.com/soccer/2022/05/20/barcelona-femeni-alexia-dynasty-champions-league-final-daily-cover|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=VAVEL.com |date=3 June 2023 |title=Barcelona 3–2 Wolfsburg: Eindhoven welcomes the coronation of Catalonia's eternal European royalty |url=https://www.vavel.com/en/football/2023/06/03/womens-football/1148389-barcelona-3-2-wolfsburg-eindhoven-welcomes-the-coronation-of-catalonias-eternal-european-royalty.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504235231/https://www.vavel.com/en/football/2023/06/03/womens-football/1148389-barcelona-3-2-wolfsburg-eindhoven-welcomes-the-coronation-of-catalonias-eternal-european-royalty.html |archive-date=4 May 2024 |access-date=4 May 2024 |website=VAVEL |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Abdullah |first=Abdullah |title=Rise of a New Dynasty: FC Barcelona Femini's Emerging Legacy |date=8 April 2024 |publisher=Pitch Publishing Ltd |isbn=978-1-80150-675-5 |edition=1st}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mickey |first=Hans |date=9 April 2024 |title=Barça Femení has bred its own dynasty |url=https://www.blaugranagram.com/barca-femeni-has-bred-its-own-dynasty-interview-with-author-abdullah-abdullah/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507030143/https://www.blaugranagram.com/barca-femeni-has-bred-its-own-dynasty-interview-with-author-abdullah-abdullah/ |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=4 May 2024 |website=Blaugranagram |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="ElPokerNuncaVisto">{{Cite web |last=Soria |first=Miki |title=El póker nunca visto: el viaje a la gloria del Barça femenino |url=https://www.sport.es/es/barca/poker-historico-barcelona-femenino-sh/poker-historico-barcelona-femenino-sh |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.sport.es |language=es}}</ref> Insyd 2024, de success of Barcelona Femení be considered by local sportswriters den de FC Barcelona club historian to be de prevailing sense of identity den club narrative give FC Barcelona.<ref name=":252">{{Cite book |title=FC Barcelona: history, politics and identity |date=2024 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-040-01352-6 |editor-last=O'Brien |editor-first=Jim |location=Abingdon, Oxon New York, N.Y |editor-last2=Ginesta |editor-first2=Xavier |editor-last3=San Eugenio |editor-first3=Jordi de}}</ref> After dem be runners-up insyd all competitions for two years, Barcelona win four titles for de 2019–20 season,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barça Femení – EDF Logroño: Campiones de la Copa de la Reina! (3–0) |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/futbol/femeni-a/noticies/2027556/barca-femeni-edf-logrono-campiones-de-la-copa-de-la-reina-3-0 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224234818/https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/futbol/femeni-a/noticies/2027556/barca-femeni-edf-logrono-campiones-de-la-copa-de-la-reina-3-0 |archive-date=24 December 2023 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.fcbarcelona.cat |language=ca}}</ref> buh na dem no reach de final of de 2019–20 Champions League, wich de club consider disappointing.<ref>{{Cite web |last=López |first=Josep Gabernet |date=26 August 2020 |title=Wolfsburg v FC Barcelona: It wasn't to be (1–0) |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/1778355/wolfsburg-v-fc-barcelona-it-wasnt-to-be-1-0 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190502/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/1778355/wolfsburg-v-fc-barcelona-it-wasnt-to-be-1-0 |archive-date=9 July 2021 |access-date=3 July 2021 |website=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Since 2020, Barcelona win de league wey dem reach de Champions League final every season, while dem sanso win at least one of de Copa de la Reina den Supercopa each year. Dem win dema first Champions League title by defeating Chelsea 4–0 insyd de 2021 final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fisher |first=Bethany |date=16 May 2021 |title=Barcelona make Champions League history with 4–0 win over Chelsea |url=https://herfootballhub.com/barcelona-win-champions-league-history-chelsea-europe/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519081540/https://herfootballhub.com/barcelona-win-champions-league-history-chelsea-europe/ |archive-date=19 May 2021 |access-date=19 May 2021 |website=Her Football Hub}}</ref> A month later, Cortés lef, as de club continue to strive to build on dema success den standards of professionalism.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Martínez |first=Ferran |date=27 June 2021 |title=Lluís Cortés se va del Barça femenino |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20210627/410271683677/lluis-cortes-se-va-del-barca-femenino.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210627083513/https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20210627/410271683677/lluis-cortes-se-va-del-barca-femenino.html |archive-date=27 June 2021 |access-date=27 June 2021 |work=Mundo Deportivo |language=Catalan}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 June 2021 |title=Lluís Cortés comunica la decisión de dejar el equipo |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/2179452/lluis-cortes-comunica-la-decision-de-dejar-el-equipo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210627113820/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/2179452/lluis-cortes-comunica-la-decision-de-dejar-el-equipo |archive-date=27 June 2021 |access-date=27 June 2021 |website=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=Spanish}}</ref> Na losing dema manager no harm de team: dema 2021–22 season be considered one of de most dominant insyd football.<ref name=":11" /><ref name="WahlSub">{{cite web |last1=Wahl |first1=Grant |date=20 April 2022 |title=Redefining the Sport, Redefining the Culture |url=https://grantwahl.substack.com/p/redefining-the-sport-redefining-the?s=r |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220728190122/https://grantwahl.substack.com/p/redefining-the-sport-redefining-the?s=r |archive-date=28 July 2022 |access-date=20 April 2022 |website=Fútbol with Grant Wahl}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 May 2022 |title=Barcelona Femeni 2021–22 perfect season: Can Women's team win every trophy & match they play this year? {{!}} Goal.com UK |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-femeni-2021-22-perfect-season-win-every-trophy-match/bltff187a01cfc571d4 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130142236/https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-femeni-2021-22-perfect-season-win-every-trophy-match/bltff187a01cfc571d4 |archive-date=30 November 2024 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The stats from a historic league campaign |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327070145/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news |archive-date=27 March 2020 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref><ref name="Trophies2022">{{Cite web |title=FC Barcelona end the 2021/22 season with 16 trophies |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/club/news/2656665/fc-barcelona-end-the-202122-season-with-16-trophies |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703235905/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/club/news/2656665/fc-barcelona-end-the-202122-season-with-16-trophies |archive-date=3 July 2022 |access-date=1 July 2022 |website=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Grant Wahl say na de team be one of de best women's sides insyd history, wey he attribute dema resilience den increasing success to dem establish a new culture within de team einself.<ref name="WahlSub" /> Dem fail to retain de Champions League dis season,<ref name="Trophies2022" /> buh san go win am insyd de following two.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Sanders|first=Emma|date=3 June 2023|title=Women's Champions League: Barcelona come back from 2–0 down to beat Wolfsburg 3–2 to win second title|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/65734681|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240318134242/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/65734681|archive-date=18 March 2024|access-date=18 February 2024|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":20">{{Cite web |date=25 May 2024 |title=Barcelona 2 Lyon 0: Barca win third Champions League in four years. Is this a changing of the guard? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5517734/2024/05/25/barcelona-lyon-champions-league-bonmati/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525182333/https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5517734/2024/05/25/barcelona-lyon-champions-league-bonmati/ |archive-date=25 May 2024 |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=[[The Athletic]]}}</ref> Dema 2023–24 season exceed dema previous successes,<ref name="ElPokerNuncaVisto" /> wey de team plete dema first continental quadruple<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2024 |title=Barcelona retains Women's Champions League title, completing historic quadruple |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/05/25/sport/barcelona-lyon-womens-champions-league-2024-spt-intl/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525181628/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/05/25/sport/barcelona-lyon-womens-champions-league-2024-spt-intl/index.html |archive-date=25 May 2024 |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=[[CNN]]}}</ref> by defeating Lyon 2–0 insyd de 2024 Champions League final;<ref name=":20" /> wey e be dema third Champions League title insyd four years, den dema first defeat of European rivals Lyon. Maria Tikas opine say de match confirmed Barcelona as de new holders of de European dynasty.<ref name=":162">{{Cite web |last=Tikas |first=Maria |date=25 May 2024 |title=El Barça gana la Tercera en Bilbao y confirma un cambio de dinastía en Europa |url=https://www.sport.es/futbol-femenino-barca/barca-gana-tercera-bilbao-confirma-102901591 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250104190312/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/futbol-femenino/barca-gana-tercera-bilbao-confirma-102901591 |archive-date=4 January 2025 |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=Diario Sport |language=es}}</ref> [[File:Panoràmica_Camp_Nou_de_rècord_mundial.2.jpg|thumb|400x400px|Na dem set de official record attendance for a women's football match at Camp Nou on 22 April 2022, wey 91,648 people watch Barcelona defeat Wolfsburg 5–1 (pictured).<ref>{{cite web |last1=Marsden |first1=Sam |last2=Llorens |first2=Moises |date=22 April 2022 |title=Barcelona women set all-time attendance record in UWCL win over Wolfsburg |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/barcelona-barcelona_women/story/4648506/barcelona-women-set-all-time-attendance-record-in-uwcl-win-over-wolfsburg |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230514232605/https://www.espn.co.uk/football/barcelona-barcelona_women/story/4648506/barcelona-women-set-all-time-attendance-record-in-uwcl-win-over-wolfsburg |archive-date=14 May 2023 |access-date=20 October 2022 |website=ESPN}}</ref>]] During dis period, de team sanso dominate individual awards: captain Alexia Putellas sweep all individual awards for two seasons (wey dey correspond to 2020–21 den 2021–22),<ref>{{Cite news|date=29 November 2021|title=Putellas wins Women's Ballon d'Or|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/59468815|access-date=18 February 2024|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB|archive-date=18 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218203844/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/59468815|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Burhan |first=Asif |date=17 October 2022 |title=Alexia Putellas Becomes First Spanish-Born Player To Win Ballon D'Or Twice |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/asifburhan/2022/10/17/alexia-putellas-becomes-first-spanish-born-player-to-win-ballon-dor-twice/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017190151/https://www.forbes.com/sites/asifburhan/2022/10/17/alexia-putellas-becomes-first-spanish-born-player-to-win-ballon-dor-twice/ |archive-date=17 October 2022 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> wey Aitana Bonmatí then win all individual titles for de 2022–23 season. Including ein achievements plus de Spain national team, Bonmatí get de most decorated season of any footballer, male anaa female.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Garrido|first=Maria|date=14 December 2023|title=Aitana Bonmati: Ballon d'Or and World Cup winner forged by adversity|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/67691132|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240326180605/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/67691132|archive-date=26 March 2024|access-date=18 February 2024|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB}}</ref> Oda records wey de team set include twice setting de highest-ever attendance for a women's football match – Barcelona beat Real Madrid den then Wolfsburg at de Camp Nou, plus respective attendances of 91,553 den 91,648<ref name="WahlSub" /><ref name="Gulino">{{cite news|last1=Gulino|first1=Joey|date=30 March 2022|title=Record 91,553 fans watch Barcelona women oust Real Madrid from Champions League|url=https://uk.news.yahoo.com/record-91553-fans-watch-barcelona-women-oust-real-madrid-from-champions-league-video-185612760.html|work=Yahoo Sports|archive-date=28 July 2022|access-date=1 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220728201600/https://uk.news.yahoo.com/record-91553-fans-watch-barcelona-women-oust-real-madrid-from-champions-league-video-185612760.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="ESPN-UWCLSF">{{cite web |date=22 April 2022 |title=Barcelona presume récord de asistencia femenil, aunque México tiene uno mayor [Barcelona claims female attendance record, although Mexico has a higher one] |url=https://espndeportes.espn.com/futbol/mexico/nota/_/id/10257566/mexico-femenil-1971-record-asistencia-estadio-barcelona |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220423005459/https://espndeportes.espn.com/futbol/mexico/nota/_/id/10257566/mexico-femenil-1971-record-asistencia-estadio-barcelona |archive-date=23 April 2022 |website=ESPN}}</ref> – den breaking de world record for a transfer fee insyd women's football to bring Keira Walsh from Manchester City insyd de summer of 2022. De team ein dominance insyd Spain sanso reach new heights after dem summarily defeat main rivals Atlético 7–0 insyd de 2021–22 Supercopa final.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Second Spanish Super Cup winners, now outright leaders |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2460087/second-spanish-super-cup-winners-now-outright-leaders |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015135857/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2460087/second-spanish-super-cup-winners-now-outright-leaders |archive-date=15 October 2023 |access-date=23 January 2022 |website=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Dat season, dem mathematically win de league by March.<ref>{{cite web |last=Westwood |first=James |date=14 March 2022 |title=Barcelona Femeni win El Clasico 5–0 to be crowned champions of Spain with six games to spare |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-femeni-win-el-clasico-5-0-crowned-champions-spain/bltf8642070feb351fb |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401035715/https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-femeni-win-el-clasico-5-0-crowned-champions-spain/bltf8642070feb351fb |archive-date=1 April 2022 |access-date=30 March 2022 |publisher=Goal}}</ref> Real Madrid incorporate ein women's team insyd 2020, wey dey aim to challenge Barcelona ein monopoly within Spain; Barcelona win every women's Clásico as of 2024.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":212">{{Cite web |date=17 November 2023 |title=The gap is closing between Real Madrid and Barcelona in women's game ... and that's a good thing |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/38918927/women-clasico-real-madrid-closing-gap-barca-femeni |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120160056/https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/38918927/women-clasico-real-madrid-closing-gap-barca-femeni |archive-date=20 November 2023 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> == Supporters den popularity == [[File:Ada_Colau_rep_les_jugadores_del_Barça_femení_després_de_proclamar-se_campiones_d’Europa_06.jpg|thumb|Barcelona Femení supporters at Plaça Sant Jaume insyd 2023]] Barcelona Femení get a fan base distinct from dat of de men's team, even wen de team sell out de main stadiums. De popularity of de team grow vastly insyd de years after e cam be professional.<ref name=":2" /> Part of de reason for de growth in popularity be connected to de growth of feminism insyd de 2010s. De audience give Barcelona Femení dey include both women den men of all ages – reportedly mostly men wey no dey watch de Barcelona men's team,<ref name=":2" /> though, insyd de 2020s, Barcelona Femení ein fan base grow to include long-time Barcelona fans wey dem more recently be exposed to den enjoy de women's team's style of play.<ref name=":22">{{Cite web |last=Bonals |first=Laia |date=25 May 2024 |title=La final de Bilbao: un cambio de paradigma para el barcelonismo |url=https://www.elperiodico.com/deporte-femenino/20240525/final-bilbao-cambio-paradigma-barcelonismo-102855856 |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=El Periódico |language=es}}</ref> ''El Periódico'' wrep insyd 2024 say de team dey play give people "wey cam be hooked on [dema] way of playing den understanding football".<ref name=":22" /> De same year, authors Jim O'Brien den Xavier Ginesta question whether de club einself promote de women's team to be "insyd de vanguard of genuine change insyd gender politics" anaa as a form of brand marketing secof dema increased profile den dey want "to breath[e] fresh life into de fading traditions of de club."<ref name=":25">{{Cite book |title=FC Barcelona: history, politics and identity |date=2024 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-040-01352-6 |editor-last=O'Brien |editor-first=Jim |location=Abingdon, Oxon New York, N.Y |editor-last2=Ginesta |editor-first2=Xavier |editor-last3=San Eugenio |editor-first3=Jordi de}}</ref> Supporters of de team typically dey support feminist values insyd society den sport, as well as de team einself.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Bonals |first=Laia |date=22 December 2022 |title=El Barça masculí i el femení tenen públics diferents: per què? |url=https://www.ara.cat/esports/futbol-femeni/barca-masculi-femeni-tenen-publics-diferents_130_4581134.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221225023148/https://www.ara.cat/esports/futbol-femeni/barca-masculi-femeni-tenen-publics-diferents_130_4581134.html |archive-date=25 December 2022 |website=Ara.cat |language=ca}}</ref> Around de time of dema professionalisation, de team make an effort to gain more regular supporters wey dey attend matches. Na dem be dominant within Spain, de staff know say na winning no be enough wey dem work on ways to engage potential fans.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |last=Sport |date=22 April 2015 |title="El año que viene queremos conseguir otra liga" |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/barcelona-femenino-queremos-liga-4123547 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250502010524/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/barcelona-femenino-queremos-liga-4123547 |archive-date=2 May 2025 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=www.sport.es |language=es}}</ref> Research dem conduct around dis time suggest say na de lack of widespread support give Barcelona Femení be primarily secof de power hierarchy within global den glocalised football dat under-appreciated women.<ref>{{Cite book |last=de Araújo Silva |first=Marcos |url=https://biblioteca.clacso.edu.ar/clacso/se/20180606100837/Politica_global_Futbol.pdf |title=Política global y fútbol: el deporte como preocupación de las ciencias sociales |publisher=[[Latin American Council of Social Sciences]] |isbn=9789968558594 |editor-last=Soto Acosta |editor-first=Willy |pages=57–72 |language=es |chapter=Més que um club – el FC Barcelona, la postcolonialidad y las heterotopías del futbol en el mundo globalizado |access-date=11 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323220935/https://biblioteca.clacso.edu.ar/clacso/se/20180606100837/Politica_global_Futbol.pdf |archive-date=23 March 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref>By de time Barcelona Femení successively break de official world record attendance twice insyd 2022, de increasing support dem track plus global trends buh sanso show de dedication of de domestic support de team foster, in part by having chaw Catalan players promote as local stars.<ref name=":25">{{Cite book |title=FC Barcelona: history, politics and identity |date=2024 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-040-01352-6 |editor-last=O'Brien |editor-first=Jim |location=Abingdon, Oxon New York, N.Y |editor-last2=Ginesta |editor-first2=Xavier |editor-last3=San Eugenio |editor-first3=Jordi de}}</ref> De team move to de Johan Cruyff Stadium insyd 2019, wey locate insyd Sant Joan Despí, a town west of de city of Barcelona. Dem previously play at de Mini Estadi, next to de Camp Nou. Despite playing outsyd of de city, by 2022 de team average crowds four times larger dan wen dem play at de Mini Estadi. Na dis be attributed by Zubizarreta wey no be to de team cam be more successful, buh to de club dey treat de women's players equal to de men's insyd advertising den merchandising.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruszkai |first=Ameé |date=30 March 2022 |title='The start of a new era' – How Barcelona created a culture for the women's team to sell-out Camp Nou |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-created-culture-womens-team-sell-out-camp-nou/blt912940c2ab78d593 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131190453/https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/barcelona-created-culture-womens-team-sell-out-camp-nou/blt912940c2ab78d593 |archive-date=31 January 2024 |access-date=31 January 2024 |website=Goal}}</ref> De travelling support give de team sanso grow insyd dis period, wey ESPN attribute as a post-COVID-19 development of fans wey dey want to follow de team insyd major away games.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 May 2024 |title=How Barcelona fans turned Bilbao into Camp Nou in UWCL final |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/40221335/how-barcelona-fans-turned-bilbao-camp-nou-uwcl-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527232231/https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/40221335/how-barcelona-fans-turned-bilbao-camp-nou-uwcl-final |archive-date=27 May 2024 |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> Insyd 2022, de audience give Barcelona Femení games sanso be more varied dan dat of de men's team, wich be suggested to be secof de fact de women's team no dey offer season tickets. De crowd give men's games mostly be season ticket holders den tourists wey buy last-minute remaining tickets, while na chaw tickets to women's games dem buy as part of four-ticket packs.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Bonals |first=Laia |date=22 December 2022 |title=El Barça masculí i el femení tenen públics diferents: per què? |url=https://www.ara.cat/esports/futbol-femeni/barca-masculi-femeni-tenen-publics-diferents_130_4581134.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221225023148/https://www.ara.cat/esports/futbol-femeni/barca-masculi-femeni-tenen-publics-diferents_130_4581134.html |archive-date=25 December 2022 |website=Ara.cat |language=ca}}</ref> == Rivalries == Na Barcelona Femení ein first rivalry be against local rivals Espanyol, against whom dem play dema first matches insyd 1971.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |date=24 December 2020 |title=FC Barcelona Women's Golden Anniversary |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1949097/fc-barcelona-womens-golden-anniversary |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250623133459/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1949097/fc-barcelona-womens-golden-anniversary |archive-date=23 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=en}}</ref> De first league match between dem, insyd 1988, result in a 2–2 draw; though chaw teams insyd de league at de time be from de Barcelona area, na de ''Derbi Femení'' still be a highlighted fixture.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bravo |first=Luis Javier |date=2012 |title=Peña Barcelonista Barcilona, primer campeón de Liga |url=https://www.furiaroja.com/femenina/cronicas_liga_femenina/primera_liga_femenina_88_89.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240715213225/https://www.furiaroja.com/femenina/cronicas_liga_femenina/primera_liga_femenina_88_89.html |archive-date=15 July 2024 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=Furia Roja}}</ref> Na de main rivalry give Barcelona Femení be Atlético Madrid, plus de two teams get similar prominence den success within Spain den Europe insyd de 2010s, as well as dem get playing styles wey contrast each oda.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=[[Sid Lowe|Lowe, Sid]] |date=12 March 2021 |title=The best team in Spain right now? The 18–0 Barca Women |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040519/https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=ESPN.com |publisher=[[ESPN]] |language=en}}</ref> Barcelona den Athletic Club Bilbao sanso share a rivalry insyd Spain insyd de 2000s den early 2010s, wey dey see large attendances at de San Mamés give dema matches. Insyd de 2012–13 season, Barcelona be at one stage 8 points behind Athletic before dem win de league on de last day at San Mamés.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cervelló Herrero |first=Laia |date=31 December 2013 |title=FC Barcelona Femenino 2013: un año de ensueño |url=https://www.vavel.com/es/futbol/2013/12/31/fc-barcelona/314923.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203190019/https://www.vavel.com/es/futbol/2013/12/31/fc-barcelona/314923.html |archive-date=3 December 2024 |access-date=11 February 2024 |website=VAVEL |language=es}}</ref> Na Barcelona, Atlético den Athletic be de first major professional women's teams insyd Spain, wey dey sustain league rivalries secof na dem be de three largest teams for quite some time. Na chaw oda large clubs (i.e. those plus historic men's teams) no incorporate women's sections til 2018 anaa later, so de oda women's teams prior to dis be smaller anaa independent.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cano Tenorio |first=Rafael |date=2018 |title=El desarrollo del fútbol femenino en el entorno digital: análisis de los contenidos publicados por los clubes en las web oficiales |url=https://idus.us.es/bitstream/handle/11441/87903/Pages%20from%20978-84-17270-83-4-4.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y |url-status=dead |journal=Feminismo, investigación y comunicación: Una aproximación plural a la representación de las mujeres |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323220007/https://idus.us.es/bitstream/handle/11441/87903/Pages%20from%20978-84-17270-83-4-4.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y |archive-date=23 March 2024 |access-date=10 February 2024 |via=[[University of Seville]]}}</ref> Real Madrid incorporate a women's section insyd 2020. After dema matches dat season, Losada dismiss de idea say na de teams get a rivalry: "''For me, it's not a clásico but on a media level it helps that at last they're in our league. Those who don't follow women's football might think it's a clásico; those that do, know it's not.''"<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=[[Sid Lowe|Lowe, Sid]] |date=12 March 2021 |title=The best team in Spain right now? The 18–0 Barca Women |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040519/https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=ESPN.com |publisher=[[ESPN]] |language=en}}</ref> Real Madrid improve insyd de following seasons, den though Barcelona do, too – na dem always beat Real Madrid by 2024 – staff den players at Barcelona say dat a stronger Real Madrid be important to keep up de competitive status of de league den for de global image of de game, plus [[Caroline Graham Hansen]] dey talk say "[''El Clásico''] be a big game, a game de whole world know wey e be important say e dey reflect de level insyd de women's game."<ref name=":21">{{Cite web |date=17 November 2023 |title=The gap is closing between Real Madrid and Barcelona in women's game ... and that's a good thing |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/38918927/women-clasico-real-madrid-closing-gap-barca-femeni |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120160056/https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/38918927/women-clasico-real-madrid-closing-gap-barca-femeni |archive-date=20 November 2023 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> Barcelona sanso get rivalries insyd de Champions League, wey dey include against Wolfsburg den Lyon, de latter of wich be champions insyd de first two finals Barcelona loose. After de first lost final, reaching Lyon ein level cam be an aspiration anaa "obsession" give Barcelona;<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=[[Sid Lowe|Lowe, Sid]] |date=12 March 2021 |title=The best team in Spain right now? The 18–0 Barca Women |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030040519/https://www.espn.com/soccer/barcelona-women/story/4330288/barcelonas-womens-team-have-passed-the-men-to-be-best-in-spain-right-now-whats-next-for-losada-and-co |archive-date=30 October 2021 |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=ESPN.com |publisher=[[ESPN]] |language=en}}</ref> na dem call Lyon Barcelona ein ''bestia negra'' ahead of Barcelona defeating dem for de first time insyd 2024.<ref name=":16">{{Cite web |last=Tikas |first=Maria |date=25 May 2024 |title=El Barça gana la Tercera en Bilbao y confirma un cambio de dinastía en Europa |url=https://www.sport.es/futbol-femenino-barca/barca-gana-tercera-bilbao-confirma-102901591 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250104190312/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/futbol-femenino/barca-gana-tercera-bilbao-confirma-102901591 |archive-date=4 January 2025 |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=Diario Sport |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2024 |title=A la tercera... cayó el Lyon: el Barça mantiene su reinado en Champions |url=https://www.relevo.com/futbol/champions-league-femenina/tercera-cayo-lyon-barca-mantiene-20240525195809-nt.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526000758/https://www.relevo.com/futbol/champions-league-femenina/tercera-cayo-lyon-barca-mantiene-20240525195809-nt.html |archive-date=26 May 2024 |access-date=26 May 2024 |website=Relevo |language=es}}</ref> == Seasons == === 1970–1980 === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="10" |League ! rowspan="2" |Catalan Cup ! colspan="2" |Top scorer |- !Tier !{{Tooltip|Div|Division}} !{{Tooltip|Pos|Position}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|Pld|Played}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|W|Won}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} ! width="25" |{{Tooltip|Pts|Points}} !Name(s) !{{goal}} |- |[[1971–72 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1971–72''']] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|CC|Catalan Championship}} |4th |26 |17 |6 |3 |94 |14 |'''40''' | bgcolor="silver" |Runner-up | align="left" |[[Lolita Ortiz]] |26 |- |[[1973 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1973''']] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|CC|Catalan Championship}} | bgcolor="gold" |'''1st''' |13 |9 |3 |1 |26 |10 |'''21''' | rowspan="2" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | | |- |[[1974 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1974''']] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|CN|National Championship}} |6th |12 |3 |3 |6 |11 |21 |'''9''' | | |- |[[List of P.F. Barcelona matches 1975–76|1975–76]] | colspan="10" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | | | |- |[[1977–78 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1977–78''']] | colspan="10" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | | | |- |[[1978–79 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1978–79''']] | | | | | | | | | | | bgcolor="silver" |Runner-up | | |- |[[1979–80 P.F. Barcelona season|'''1979–80''']] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|CF|Women's Championship}} | bgcolor="silver" |2nd |12 |8 |3 |1 |28 |6 |'''19''' | | | |} === 1981–1988 === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="10" |League ! rowspan="2" |[[Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Cup]] ! rowspan="2" |[[Copa Catalunya Femenina#Copa Generalitat (1981–1990s)|Catalan Cup]] ! colspan="2" |Top scorer<ref>All goals scored in the league, including group (and play-offs) and final phases.</ref> |- !Tier !{{Tooltip|Div|Division}} !{{Tooltip|Pos|Position}} !{{Tooltip|Pld|Played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !{{Tooltip|Pts|Points}} !Name(s) !{{goal}} |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1981|1981]] |1 |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} | | | | | | | | | | | | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1981–82|1981–82]] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1982–83|1982–83]] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} | | | | | | | | | | | | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1983–84|1983–84]] |<!--bgcolor="gold" |1 --> | | | | | | | | | |Withdrawn | bgcolor="silver" |{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1984|ca|lt=Runner-up}} | | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1984–85|1984–85]] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} |{{interlanguage link|Lliga catalana de futbol femenina 1984-1985|ca|lt=3rd}} |10 |4 |3 |3 |23 |22 |'''11''' | — | bgcolor="gold" |'''{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1985|ca|lt=Champion}}''' | align="left" |[[Emilia Ibáñez Fernández|Emilia Ibáñez]] | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1985–86|1985–86]] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} |{{interlanguage link|Lliga catalana de futbol femenina 1985-1986|ca|lt=4th}} |24 |14 |5 |5 |111 |29 |'''33''' | — | bgcolor="silver" |{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1986|ca|lt=Runner-up}} | align="left" |[[Emilia Ibáñez Fernández|Emilia Ibàñez]] |40 |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1986–87|1986–87]] | bgcolor="gold" |1 |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} |{{interlanguage link|Lliga catalana de futbol femenina 1986-1987|ca|lt=4th}} |28 |18 |5 |3 |138 |31 |'''41'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hemeroteca - El Mundo Deportivo - Home |url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1987/05/22/pagina-22/1160318/pdf.html |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260107151256/https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1987/05/22/pagina-22/1160318/pdf.html |archive-date=2026-01-07 |access-date=2026-08-04 |website=hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com |language=es}}</ref><!--After 26 games played: http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1987/04/03/pagina-20/1438517/pdf.html--> |— |{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1987|ca|lt=Semifinals}} | | |- |[[Club Femení Barcelona in the Lliga catalana#1987–88|1987–88]] | |{{tooltip|LC|Catalan League}} |{{interlanguage link|Lliga catalana de futbol femenina 1987-1988|ca|lt=4th}} |14 |8 |1 |5 |36 |15 |'''17''' |— |{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1988|ca|lt=Round of 16}} | | |} === 1988–present === De RFEF recognised women's football insyd 1980; e found de official [[Liga F|Spanish League]] system wey dey begin insyd 1988. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="10" |League ! rowspan="2" align="center" |[[Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Cup]] ! rowspan="2" |[[Supercopa de España Femenina|Supercup]] ! rowspan="2" |[[Copa Catalunya (women's football)|Catalan Cup]] ! rowspan="2" align="center" |[[UEFA Women's Champions League|UWCL]] ! rowspan="2" align="center" |[[FIFA Women's Champions Cup|FWCC]] ! colspan="2" |Top scorer<ref name="Top scorer">All goals scored in [[La Liga]] or [[Segunda División]], including playoff games</ref> |- !Tier!!{{Tooltip|Div|Division}}!!{{Tooltip|Pos|Position}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|Pld|Played}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !! width="25" |{{Tooltip|Pts|Points}} !!Name(s) !!{{goal}} |- |'''[[1988–89 Club Femení Barcelona season|1988–89]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] ||[[1988–89 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|4th]]|| 16 || 7 || 6 || 3 || 30 || 25 ||'''20'''|| [[1989 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Withdrawn]] | rowspan="8" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | |{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1989|ca|lt=Quarterfinals}} | rowspan="13" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | rowspan="37" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1989–90 Club Femení Barcelona season|1989–90]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1989–90 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|5th]]|| 22 || 9 || 4 || 9 || 49 || 39 ||'''22'''|| Withdrawn |<!--Catalan Cup took place, uncertain if Barcelona participated. Barcelona Atlétic femenino did--> | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1990–91 FC Barcelona Femení season|1990–91]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1990–91 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|6th]] || 14 || 5 || 1 || 8 || 23 || 39 ||'''11'''|| bgcolor="silver" |{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1991|es|lt=Runner-up}} | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1991–92 FC Barcelona Femení season|1991–92]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="silver" | [[1991–92 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|2nd]] || 14 || 9 || 1 || 4 || 38 || 16 ||'''19'''||{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1992|es|lt=Semifinals}} | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1992–93 FC Barcelona Femení season|1992–93]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1992–93 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|3rd]] || 12 || 6 || 4 || 2 || 25 || 18 ||'''16'''||[[1993 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Round of 32]] | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1993–94 FC Barcelona Femení season|1993–94]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1993–94 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|3rd]] || 18 || 13 || 2 || 3 || 46 || 18 ||'''41'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1994|es|lt=Champion}}''' | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1994–95 FC Barcelona Femení season|1994–95]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1994–95 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|7th]] || 18 || 4 || 8 || 6 || 27 || 38 ||'''20'''||{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1995|es|lt=Round of 32}} | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1995–96 FC Barcelona Femení season|1995–96]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1995–96 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|8th]] || 16 || 5 || 1 || 10 || 24 || 34 ||'''16'''||{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1996|es|lt=Round of 16}} | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1996–97 FC Barcelona Femení season|1996–97]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 ||[[Primera División (women)|1ª]]|| [[1996–97 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|4th (Gr:3)]] || 26 || 20 || 1 || 5 || 103 || 28 ||'''61'''|| — || — | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1997–98 FC Barcelona Femení season|1997–98]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1997–98 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|2nd (Gr:3)]] || 26 || 20 || 3 || 2 || 137 || 25 ||'''63'''||{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1998|es|lt=First round}} || — | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1998–99 FC Barcelona Femení season|1998–99]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1998–99 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|5th (Gr:3)]] || 26 || 18 || 3 || 5 || 99 || 42 ||'''57'''|| — || — | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[1999–2000 FC Barcelona Femení season|1999–00]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[1999–2000 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|6th (Gr:3)]] || 24 || 13 || 2 || 9 || 64 || 29 ||'''41'''|| [[2000 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] || — | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2000–01 FC Barcelona Femení season|2000–01]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2000–01 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|4th (Gr:3)]] || 26 || 17 || 3 || 6 || 96 || 40 ||'''54'''|| [[2001 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|First round]] || rowspan="19" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | rowspan="5" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2001–02 FC Barcelona Femení season|2001–02]]''' | bgcolor="silver" |2 || [[Segunda División (women)|2ª]] || [[2001–02 Primera Nacional Femenina|1st (Gr:III)]] || 26 || 23 || 3 || 0 || 123 || 6 ||'''72'''|| [[2002 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | — | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2002–03 FC Barcelona Femení season|2002–03]]''' | bgcolor="silver" |2 || [[Segunda División (women)|2ª]] || [[2002–03 Primera Nacional Femenina|1st (Gr:III)]]|| 26 || 22 || 4 || 0 || 138 || 19 ||'''70'''|| [[2003 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | — | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2003–04 FC Barcelona Femení season|2003–04]]''' | bgcolor="silver" |2 || [[Segunda División (women)|2ª]] || bgcolor="#BBF3BB" | [[2003–04 Primera Nacional Femenina|1st (Gr:III)]] || 26 || 23 || 2 || 1 || 101 || 17 ||'''71'''|| [[2004 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | — | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2004–05 FC Barcelona Femení season|2004–05]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2004–05 Superliga Femenina|9th]] || 26 || 8 || 5 || 13 || 42 || 59 ||'''29'''|| [[2005 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | — | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2005–06 FC Barcelona Femení season|2005–06]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2005–06 Superliga Femenina|8th]] || 24 || 8 || 4 || 12 || 39 || 51 ||'''28'''||[[2006 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Quarterfinals]] | bgcolor="silver" | Runner-up | — | align="left" |{{flagicon|MEX}} [[Patricia Pérez (footballer)|Patricia Pérez]]||8 |- | '''[[2006–07 FC Barcelona Femení season|2006–07]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="#FFBBBB" | [[2006–07 Superliga Femenina|14th]] || 26 || 4 || 4 || 18 || 26 || 58 ||'''16'''|| [[2007 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | bgcolor="silver" | Runner-up | — | align="left" |[[Marta Unzué]]||6 |- | '''[[2007–08 FC Barcelona Femení season|2007–08]]'''|| bgcolor="silver" |2 ||[[Segunda División (women)|2ª]]|| bgcolor="#BBF3BB" | [[2007–08 Primera Nacional Femenina|1st (Gr:III)]] || 26 || 22 || 2 || 2 || 128 || 17 ||'''68'''|| [[2008 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|—]] | bgcolor="silver" | Runner-up | — | colspan="2" | |- | '''[[2008–09 FC Barcelona Femení season|2008–09]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2008–09 Superliga Femenina|6th]] || 30 || 14 || 7 || 9 || 48 || 32 ||'''49'''||[[2009 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Semifinals]] | bgcolor="silver" | Runner-up | — | align="left" |[[Mari Paz Vilas]]||13 |- | '''[[2009–10 FC Barcelona Femení season|2009–10]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2009–10 Superliga Femenina|5th]]|| 26 || 13 || 4 || 9 || 42 || 29 ||'''43'''||[[2010 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Semifinals]] | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | — | align="left" |[[Marta Cubí]]||13 |- | '''[[2010–11 FC Barcelona Femení season|2010–11]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || [[2010–11 Superliga Femenina|4th]]|| 28 || 15 || 5 || 8 || 53 || 26 ||'''50'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2011 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | — | align="left" |[[Olga García]] || 16 |- | '''[[2011–12 FC Barcelona Femení season|2011–12]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2011–12 Primera División (women)|1st]]'''|| 34 || 31 || 1 || 2 || 119 || 19 ||'''94'''||[[2012 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Semifinals]] | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | — | align="left" |[[Sonia Bermúdez (footballer)|Sonia Bermúdez]]|| 38 |- | '''[[2012–13 FC Barcelona Femení season|2012–13]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2012–13 Primera División (women)|1st]]'''|| 30 || 24 || 4 || 2 || 91 || 12 ||'''76'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2013 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''[[2012 Copa Catalunya (women's football)|Champion]]''' |[[2012–13 UEFA Women's Champions League|Round of 32]]|| align="left" |[[Sonia Bermúdez (footballer)|Sonia Bermúdez]]|| 20 |- | '''[[2013–14 FC Barcelona Femení season|2013–14]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2013–14 Primera División (women)|1st]]'''|| 30 || 25 || 4 || 1 || 82 || 11 ||'''79'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2014 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="silver" | [[2013 Copa Catalunya (women's football)|Runner-up]] |[[2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League|Quarterfinals]]|| align="left" |[[Sonia Bermúdez (footballer)|Sonia Bermúdez]]|| 28 |- | '''[[2014–15 FC Barcelona Femení season|2014–15]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2014–15 Primera División (women)|1st]]'''|| 30 || 25 || 2 || 3 || 93 || 9 ||'''77'''||[[2015 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Semifinals]] | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' |[[2014–15 UEFA Women's Champions League|Round of 16]]|| align="left" |[[Sonia Bermúdez (footballer)|Sonia Bermúdez]]|| 22 |- | '''[[2015–16 FC Barcelona Femení season|2015–16]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="silver" |[[2015–16 Primera División (women)|2nd]]|| 30 || 24 || 5 || 1 || 98 || 12 ||'''77'''|| bgcolor="silver" |[[2016 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Runner-up]] | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' |[[2015–16 UEFA Women's Champions League|Quarterfinals]]|| align="left" |[[Jennifer Hermoso]]|| 24 |- | '''[[2016–17 FC Barcelona Femení season|2016–17]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="silver" |[[2016–17 Primera División (women)|2nd]]|| 30 || 24 || 3 || 3 || 98 || 13 ||'''75'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2017 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League|Semifinals]]|| align="left" |[[Jennifer Hermoso]]|| 35 |- | '''[[2017–18 FC Barcelona Femení season|2017–18]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1|| [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="silver" |[[2017–18 Primera División (women)|2nd]]|| 30 || 24 || 4 || 2 || 98 || 12 ||'''76'''|| bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2018 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' |[[2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League|Quarterfinals]]|| align="left" |[[Andressa Alves]] || 12 |- | '''[[2018–19 FC Barcelona Femení season|2018–19]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="silver" |[[2018–19 Primera División (women)|2nd]]|| 30 || 25 || 3 || 2 || 94 || 15 ||'''78'''||[[2018–19 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Semifinals]] | bgcolor="gold" | '''Champion''' | bgcolor="silver" |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League|Runner-up]]|| align="left" |[[Alexia Putellas]] || 16 |- | '''[[2019–20 FC Barcelona Femení season|2019–20]]'''|| bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2019–20 Primera División (women)|1st]]''' || 21 || 19 || 2 || 0 || 86 || 6 || '''59''' || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2019–20 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2019–20 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''{{interlanguage link|Copa Catalunya de futbol femenina 2019-2020|ca|lt=Champion}}''' || [[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League|Semifinals]] || align="left" |[[Jennifer Hermoso]]|| 23 |- | [[2020–21 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2020–21''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2020–21 Primera División (women)|1st]]''' || 34 || 33 || 0 || 1 || 167 || 15 || '''99''' || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2020–21 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | [[2020–21 Supercopa de España Femenina|Semifinals]] | rowspan="2" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League|Champion]]''' || align="left" | [[Jennifer Hermoso]]|| 31 |- | [[2021–22 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2021–22''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Primera División (women)|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2021–22 Primera División (women)|1st]]''' || 30 || 30 || 0 || 0 || 159 || 11 || '''90''' || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2021–22 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2021–22 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="silver" |[[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League|Runner-up]] || align="left" | [[Asisat Oshoala]] || 20 |- | [[2022–23 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2022–23''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Liga F|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2022–23 Liga F|1st]]''' || 30 || 28 || 1 || 1 || 118 || 10 || '''85''' || [[2022–23 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Round of 16]] | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2022–23 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' || — | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League|Champion]]''' || align="left" | [[Asisat Oshoala]] || 21 |- | [[2023–24 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2023–24''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Liga F|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2023–24 Liga F|1st]]''' || 30 || 29 || 1 || 0 || 137 || 10 || '''88''' || bgcolor="gold" | '''[[2023–24 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2023–24 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' || [[2023 Copa Catalunya Femenina|—]] | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League|Champion]]''' || align="left" | [[Caroline Graham Hansen]] || 21 |- | [[2024–25 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2024–25''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Liga F|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2024–25 Liga F|1st]]''' || 30 || 28 || 0 || 2 || 128 || 16 || ''' 84 ''' || bgcolor="gold" | '''[[2024–25 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2024–25 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' | bgcolor="gold" | '''[[2024–25 Copa Catalunya Femenina|Champion]]''' || bgcolor="silver" |[[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League|Runner-up]] || align="left" | [[Ewa Pajor]] || 25 |- |[[2025–26 FC Barcelona Femení season|'''2025–26''']] || bgcolor="gold" |1 || [[Liga F|1ª]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2025–26 Liga F|1st]]''' || 30 || 29 || 0 || 1 || 130 || 9 || '''87''' || bgcolor="gold" | '''[[2025–26 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Champion]]''' || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2025–26 Supercopa de España Femenina|Champion]]''' || [[2025–26 Copa Catalunya Femenina|—]] || bgcolor="gold" |'''[[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League|Champion]]''' || — || align="left" | [[Clàudia Pina]] || 21 |- |} == Record insyd UEFA Women's Champions League == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! width="250" |Competition ! width="30" |Pld ! width="30" |W ! width="30" |D ! width="30" |L ! width="30" |GF ! width="30" |GA ! width="30" |GD ! width="140" |Top Goalscorer(s) ! width="10" |Goals |- |[[UEFA Women's Champions League]] |111 |81 |10 |20 |309 |89 | +220 |[[Alexia Putellas]] |32 |} ''All results (away, home and aggregate) list FC Barcelona's goal tally first.'' ^f indicates the leg played first. {| class="wikitable" ! width="60" |Season !Round !Opponents !Away !Home !Aggregate !Scorers |- |[[2012–13 UEFA Women's Champions League|2012–13]] |[[2012–13 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[Arsenal L.F.C.|Arsenal]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–4 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–3 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |'''0–7''' | |- | rowspan="3" |[[2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League|2013–14]] |[[2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[Brøndby IF (women)|Brøndby]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |2–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |0–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |'''2–2''' ([[Away goals rule|a]]) |[[Marta Corredera|Corredera]], [[Jelena Čanković|Čanković]] |- |[[2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[FC Zürich Frauen|Zürich]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''6–1''' |[[Sonia Bermúdez (footballer)|Bermúdez]] (2), [[Vicky Losada|Losada]], [[Ruth García]], Corredera, Čanković |- |[[2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–3 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |'''0–5''' | |- | rowspan="2" |[[2014–15 UEFA Women's Champions League|2014–15]] |[[2014–15 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |{{flagicon|CZE}} [[SK Slavia Praha (women)|Slavia Prague]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–0''' |Ruth Garcia, [[Alexia Putellas|Putellas]], Bermúdez, [[Ana Romero|Romero]] |- |[[2014–15 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[Bristol City W.F.C.|Bristol Academy]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |'''1–2''' |Losada |- | rowspan="3" |[[2015–16 UEFA Women's Champions League|2015–16]] |[[2015–16 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[BIIK Kazygurt|Kazygurt]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–2''' |Ruth Garcia, [[Jennifer Hermoso|Hermoso]] (2), [[Melanie Serrano|Serrano]], [[Marta Unzué|Unzué]] |- |[[2015–16 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[FC Twente (women)|Twente]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''2–0''' |[[Olga García]] (2) |- |[[2015–16 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[Paris Saint-Germain Féminines|Paris Saint-Germain]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |0–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |'''0–1''' | |- | rowspan="4" |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League|2016–17]] |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[FC Minsk (women)|FC Minsk]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–1''' |Hermoso (3), [[Marta Torrejón|Torrejón]], [[Andressa Alves da Silva|Andressa Alves]] |- |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[FC Twente (women)|Twente]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–0''' |Hermoso, Torrejón, Andressa Alves, [[Bárbara Latorre|Latorre]], [[Ange N'Guessan (footballer, born 1990)|N'Guessan]] |- |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[FC Rosengård|Rosengård]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''3–0''' |[[Leila Ouahabi|Ouahabi]], Hermoso, [[Mariona Caldentey|Caldentey]] |- |[[2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League#Semi-finals|Semi-final]] |[[Paris Saint-Germain Féminines|Paris Saint-Germain]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |1–3 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |'''1–5''' |Latorre |- | rowspan="3" |[[2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League|2017–18]] |[[2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[Avaldsnes IL|Avaldsnes]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''6–0''' |[[Lieke Martens|Martens]] (2), [[Toni Duggan|Duggan]], Andressa Alves, Caldentey, Losada |- |[[2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[Gintra Universitetas]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''9–0''' |[[Aitana Bonmatí|Bonmatí]], Caldentey (2), Duggan (2), Olga García, [[Nataša Andonova|Andonova]], [[Alexia Putellas|Putellas]], [[Ana Alekperova|Alekperova]] ([[Own goal|og]]) |- |[[2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[Olympique Lyonnais Féminin|Olympique Lyon]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |1–2 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |0–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |'''1–3''' |[[Patricia Guijarro|Guijarro]] |- | rowspan="5" |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League|2018–19]] |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[BIIK Kazygurt|Kazygurt]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |1–3 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–3''' |Duggan, Guijarro, Torrejón, Martens |- |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[Glasgow City F.C.|Glasgow City]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–0'''<ref>{{Cite web |author=Andrew Southwick |date=1 November 2018 |title=Glasgow City 0–3 Barcelona Femenino: Scottish champions' campaign over |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/46042737 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181104203714/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/46042737 |archive-date=4 November 2018 |access-date=5 November 2018 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> |[[Kheira Hamraoui|Hamraoui]], Bonmatí, Guijarro, Andressa Alves, [[Mapi León]], Duggan (2), Putellas |- |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[LSK Kvinner FK|Lillestrøm]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–0''' |Duggan (2), Caldentey, Martens |- |[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League#Semi-finals|Semi-final]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[FC Bayern Munich (women)|Bayern Munich]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''2–0''' |Hamraoui, Caldentey |- | bgcolor="silver" |[[2019 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Budapest]]) | bgcolor="silver" |[[Olympique Lyonnais Féminin|Olympique Lyon]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="silver" |'''1–4''' |[[Asisat Oshoala|Oshoala]] |- | rowspan="4" |[[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League|2019–20]] |[[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |{{flagicon|Italy}} [[Juventus FC (women)|Juventus]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–1''' |Putellas (2), Torrejón, [[Stefanie van der Gragt|Van der Gragt]] |- |[[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[FC Minsk (women)|FC Minsk]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–1''' |Oshoala, Torrejón, Bonmatí (2), Hermoso, Putellas, Caldentey, Guijarro |- |[[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] ([[Bilbao]]) |[[Atlético Madrid Femenino|Atlético Madrid]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''1–0''' |Hamraoui |- |[[2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League#Semi-finals|Semi-final]] ([[San Sebastián]]) |{{flagicon|GER}} [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |'''0–1''' | |- | rowspan="5" |[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League|2020–21]] |[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 32|Round of 32]] |[[PSV (women)|PSV]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–2''' |Martens (3), [[Caroline Graham Hansen|Graham Hansen]] (2), Hermoso, Oshoala, [[Mandy van den Berg|van den Berg]] (og) |- |[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League#Round of 16|Round of 16]] |[[Fortuna Hjørring]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''9–0''' |Hermoso (3), Bonmatí (2), Putellas, Caldentey, Oshoala, Torrejón |- |[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[Manchester City W.F.C.|Manchester City]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |1–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–2''' |Oshoala (2), Caldentey, Hermoso |- |[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League#Semi-finals|Semi-final]] |[[Paris Saint-Germain Féminines|Paris Saint-Germain]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''3–2''' |Hermoso, Martens (2) |- | bgcolor="gold" |[[2021 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Gothenburg]]) | bgcolor="gold" |[[Chelsea F.C. Women|Chelsea]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="gold" |'''4–0''' |[[Melanie Leupolz|Leupolz]] (og), Putellas, Bonmatí, Graham Hansen |- | rowspan="6" |[[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League|2021–22]] | rowspan="3" |[[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League group stage|Group stage]] |[[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–1''' |Caldentey, Putellas, Oshoala, Martens, Bonmatí, Hermoso (2), [[Fridolina Rolfö|Rolfö]] |- |[[HB Køge (women)|Køge]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''7–0''' |Rolfö (2), Hermoso, Ouahabi, Putellas, [[Ingrid Syrstad Engen|Engen]], Martens |- |{{flagicon|GER}} [[TSG 1899 Hoffenheim (women)|1899 Hoffenheim]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''9–0''' |Hermoso, Putellas (3), Torrejón (2), [[Irene Paredes|Paredes]], Bonmatí, [[Ana-Maria Crnogorčević|Crnogorčević]] |- |[[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[Real Madrid Femenino|Real Madrid]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–3''' |Putellas (3), [[Clàudia Pina|Pina]] (2), Mapi León, Bonmatí, Graham Hansen |- |[[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League#Semi-finals|Semi-final]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |0–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–3''' |Bonmatí, Graham Hansen, Hermoso, Putellas (2) |- | bgcolor="silver" |[[2022 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ({{flagicon|ITA}} [[Turin]]) | bgcolor="silver" |[[Olympique Lyonnais Féminin|Olympique Lyon]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="silver" |'''1–3''' |Putellas |- | rowspan="6" |[[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League|2022–23]] | rowspan="3" |[[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League group stage#Group D|Group stage]] |[[S.L. Benfica (women)|Benfica]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |9–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''15–2''' |Guijarro, Bonmatí (2), Oshoala (2), Caldentey (2), Crnogorčević (2), [[Geyse]] (2), Pina (2), Paredes, [[Ana Seiça|Seiça]] (og) |- |[[FC Rosengård|Rosengård]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''10–1''' |Bonmatí (2), Caldentey (2), Oshoala (2), Mapi León, Rolfö, Torrejón, Paredes |- |{{flagicon|GER}} [[FC Bayern Munich (women)|Bayern Munich]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |1–3 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''4–3''' |Geyse (2), Bonmatí, Pina |- |[[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |{{flagicon|ITA}} [[A.S. Roma (women)|Roma]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''6–1''' |[[Salma Paralluelo|Paralluelo]], Rolfö (2), Mapi León, Oshoala, Guijarro |- |[[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]] |[[Chelsea F.C. Women|Chelsea]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |1–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''2–1''' |Graham Hansen (2) |- | bgcolor="gold" |[[2023 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Eindhoven]]) | bgcolor="gold" |{{flagicon|GER}} [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="gold" |'''3–2''' |Guijarro (2), Rolfö |- | rowspan="6" |[[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League|2023–24]] | rowspan="3" |[[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League group stage#Group A|Group stage]] |[[S.L. Benfica (women)|Benfica]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |4–4 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |5–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''9–4''' |Putellas (2), Bonmatí (2), Oshoala, Graham Hansen, Guijarro, [[Lucy Bronze|Bronze]] |- |{{flagicon|GER}} [[Eintracht Frankfurt (women)|Eintracht Frankfurt]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–1''' |Paralluelo (2), Caldentey, Guijarro, Graham Hansen |- |[[FC Rosengård|Rosengård]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |7–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''13–0''' |[[Jessica Wik|Wik]] (og)(2), Paralluelo (3), Guijarro, Bonmatí, Caldentey, [[Martina Fernández|Martina]], [[Keira Walsh|Walsh]], Graham Hansen, Pina, Torrejón |- |[[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[SK Brann Kvinner|Brann]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–2''' |Graham Hansen, Paralluelo, Bonmatí, Rolfö, Guijarro |- |[[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]] |[[Chelsea F.C. Women|Chelsea]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbb" |0–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''2–1''' |Bonmatí, Rolfö |- | bgcolor="gold" |[[2024 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Bilbao]]) | bgcolor="gold" |[[Olympique Lyonnais Féminin|Olympique Lyon]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="gold" |'''2–0''' |Bonmatí, Putellas |- | rowspan="6" |[[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League|2024–25]] | rowspan="3" |[[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League group stage#Group D|Group stage]] |[[Manchester City W.F.C.|Manchester City]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffbbbb" |0–2 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''3–2''' |Pina, Bonmatí, Putellas |- |[[Hammarby Fotboll (women)|Hammarby]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |9–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''12–0''' |Graham Hansen (2), Pina (2), Putellas, Mapi León, [[Ewa Pajor|Pajor]] (3), [[Esmee Brugts|Brugts]], Rolfö, Bonmatí |- |[[SKN St. Pölten (women)|St. Pölten]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |7–0 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''11–1''' |Pajor, [[Kika Nazareth|Nazareth]] (3), Bonmatí, Walsh, Pina (2), Graham Hansen, [[Vicky López|López]], Putellas |- |[[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''10–2''' |[[Caitlin Dijkstra|Dijkstra]] (og), Paredes, Paralluelo (3), [[Sydney Schertenleib|Schertenleib]], Brugts, Pina (2), Mapi León |- |[[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]] |[[Chelsea F.C. Women|Chelsea]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''8–2''' |Pajor (2), Pina (3), Paredes, Bonmatí, Paralluelo |- | bgcolor="silver" |[[2025 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Lisbon]]) | bgcolor="silver" |[[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="silver" |'''0–1''' | |- | rowspan="9" |[[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League|2025–26]] | rowspan="6" |[[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League league phase|League phase]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[FC Bayern Munich (women)|Bayern Munich]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |7–1 | rowspan="6" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''1st''' |Putellas, Pajor (2), Brugts, Paralluelo, Pina (2) |- |{{flagicon|ITA}} [[AS Roma (women)|Roma]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | |Brugts, Nazareth, Putellas, Graham Hansen |- |[[Oud-Heverlee Leuven (women)|OH Leuven]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–0 |Putellas, [[Kim Everaerts|Everaerts]] (og), Paredes |- |[[Chelsea F.C. Women|Chelsea]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | |Pajor |- |[[S.L. Benfica (women)|Benfica]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |3–1 |Pajor, [[Christy Ucheibe|Ucheibe]] (og), [[Laia Aleixandri|Aleixandri]] |- |[[Paris FC (women)|Paris FC]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |2–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#DCDCDC" | |López, Graham Hansen |- |[[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Quarter-finals|Quarter-final]] |[[Real Madrid Femenino|Real Madrid]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–2 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |6–0 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''12–2''' |Pajor (3), Brugts (2), Paredes (2), López, Putellas (2), Graham Hansen (2) |- |[[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]] |{{flagicon|GER}} [[FC Bayern Munich (women)|Bayern Munich]] | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#ffffbb" |1–1 ^f | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |4–2 | style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="#bbf3ff" |'''5–3''' |Pajor (2), Paralluelo, Putellas (2) |- | bgcolor="gold" |[[2026 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Final]] ([[Oslo]]) | bgcolor="gold" |[[OL Lyonnes|Lyon]] | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="gold" |'''4–0''' |Pajor (2), Paralluelo (2) |} == Honours == === Official === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="font-size:95%; text-align:center;" |+FC Barcelona Femení honours<ref>{{cite web|title=Barça Women honours|url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/honours|work=FC Barcelona|access-date=2025-10-07|archive-date=11 October 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251011120703/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/honours|url-status=live}}</ref> !style="width:5"|Type !style="width:5"|Competition !style="width:5"|Titles !style="width:5"|Winning Seasons !style="width:5"|Runners-up |- |rowspan="4" |'''Domestic''' ! scope=col|[[Liga F]] |bgcolor="gold"|'''11''' |align="left"|[[2011–12 Primera División (women)|2011–12]], [[2012–13 Primera División (women)|2012–13]], [[2013–14 Primera División (women)|2013–14]], [[2014–15 Primera División (women)|2014–15]], [[2019–20 Primera División (women)|2019–20]], [[2020–21 Primera División (women)|2020–21]], [[2021–22 Primera División (women)|2021–22]], [[2022–23 Liga F|2022–23]], [[2023–24 Liga F|2023–24]], [[2024–25 Liga F|2024–25]], [[2025–26 Liga F|2025–26]] |align="left"|[[1991–92 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino|1991–92]], [[2015–16 Primera División (women)|2015–16]], [[2016–17 Primera División (women)|2016–17]], [[2017–18 Primera División (women)|2017–18]], [[2018–19 Primera División (women)|2018–19]] |- ! scope=col|[[Copa de la Reina]] |bgcolor="gold"|'''12''' |align="left"|{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1994|es|lt=1994}}, [[2011 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2011]], [[2013 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2013]], [[2014 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2014]], [[2017 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2017]], [[2018 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2018]], [[2019–20 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2019–20]], [[2020–21 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2020–21]], [[2021–22 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2021–22]], [[2023–24 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2023–24]], [[2024–25 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2024–25]], [[2025–26 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2025–26]] |align="left"|{{interlanguage link|Copa de la Reina de Fútbol 1991|es|lt=1991}}, [[2016 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2016]] |- ! scope=col|[[Supercopa de España Femenina]] |bgcolor="gold"|'''6''' |align="left"|[[2019–20 Supercopa de España Femenina|2019–20]], [[2021–22 Supercopa de España Femenina|2021–22]], [[2022–23 Supercopa de España Femenina|2022–23]], [[2023–24 Supercopa de España Femenina|2023–24]], [[2024–25 Supercopa de España Femenina|2024–25]], [[2025–26 Supercopa de España Femenina|2025–26]] |align="left"| |- ! scope=col|[[Primera Nacional de Fútbol (women)|Segunda División]] (Group III) |bgcolor="gold"|'''4''' |align="left"|2001–02, 2002–03, 2003–04, 2007–08 | |- |'''Continental''' ! scope=col|[[UEFA Women's Champions League]] |align="center"|'''4''' |align="left"|[[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League|2020–21]], [[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League|2022–23]], [[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League|2023–24]], [[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League|2025–26]] |align="left"|[[2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League|2018–19]], [[2021–22 UEFA Women's Champions League|2021–22]], [[2024–25 UEFA Women's Champions League|2024–25]] |- |- | rowspan="2" |'''Regional''' ! scope=col|[[Copa Catalunya (women's football)|Copa Catalunya Femenina]] |bgcolor="gold"|'''11''' |align="left"|2009, 2010, 2011, [[2012 Copa Catalunya (women's football)|2012]], 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, {{interlanguage link|Copa Catalunya de futbol femenina 2019–2020|ca|lt=2019}}, [[2024–25 Copa Catalunya Femenina|2024–25]] |align="left"|2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, [[2013 Copa Catalunya (women's football)|2013]] |- ! scope=col|[[Copa Catalunya Femenina#Copa Generalitat/Copa Catalana (1981–2000)|Copa Generalitat/Copa Catalana]] |bgcolor="gold"|'''4''' |align="left"|{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1985|ca|lt=1985}},<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barça Women won the first official title in their history 35 years ago |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1699636/barca-women-won-the-first-official-title-in-their-history-35-years-ago |date=28 June 2020 |website=FC Barcelona |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015140559/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1699636/barca-women-won-the-first-official-title-in-their-history-35-years-ago |archive-date= 15 October 2023 }}</ref> 1991–92, 1994–95, 1999–2000<ref name="Palmares26">{{cite web |date=5 May 2026 |title=El Palmarès de la Copa Catalunya femenina |url=https://www.fcf.cat/noticia/el-palmares-de-la-copa-catalunya-femenina/05/05/2026 |website=Catalan Football Federation |language=ca |access-date=21 June 2026 |archive-date=14 July 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260714115127/https://www.fcf.cat/noticia/el-palmares-de-la-copa-catalunya-femenina/05/05/2026 |url-status=live }}</ref> |align="left"|{{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1984|ca|lt=1984}}, {{interlanguage link|Copa Generalitat de futbol femenina 1986|ca|lt=1986}} |} * {{legend|gold|Record}} * {{sup|S}} Shared record === Invitational === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="font-size:95%; text-align:center;" !Competition !Titles !Seasons |- ! scope=col|[[Joan Gamper Trophy#Women's Gamper Trophy|Joan Gamper Trophy]] |align="center" bgcolor="gold"|'''4''' | [[2021–22 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and Friendlies|2021]], [[2022–23 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and friendlies|2022]], [[2023–24 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and friendlies|2023]], [[2024–25 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and friendlies|2024]] |- ! scope=col|[[COTIF Women's Football Tournament]] |align="center"|'''1''' | [[COTIF Women's Football Tournament#2014|2014]] |- ! scope=col|[[Teide Trophy]] |align="center"|'''1''' | [[2022–23 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and friendlies|2022]] |- ! scope=col|[[Sport Mundi Tournament]] |align="center"|'''0''' | [[2008–09 FC Barcelona Femení season#Sport Mundi Tournament|2008]] (2º), [[2009–10 FC Barcelona Femení season#Torneig Sport Mundi|2009]] (2º) |- ! scope=col|[[Pyrénées International Women's Cup]] |align="center"|'''0''' | [[Pyrénées International Women's Cup#2010|2010]] (2º), [[Pyrénées International Women's Cup#2012|2012]] (2º) |- ! scope=col|[[Valais Women's Cup]] |align="center"|'''0''' | [[Valais Women's Cup#2014|2014]] (3º) |- ! scope=col|[[Women's International Champions Cup]] |align="center"|'''0''' | [[2021 Women's International Champions Cup|2021]] (3º) |- ! scope=col|{{interlanguage link|Women's French Cup|fr|lt=AMOS Women's French Cup}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Le site Officiel du tournoi de la Amos Womens' French Cup 2022 – Accueil du site de la quatrième édition |url=https://womensfrenchcup.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206041917/https://womensfrenchcup.com/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |website=womensfrenchcup.com}}</ref> |align="center"|'''0''' | [[2022–23 FC Barcelona Femení season#Pre-season and friendlies|2022]] (3º) |- |} ===Odas awards=== {| class="wikitable" ! style="background:#26559B; color:#FFF000; {{box-shadow border|a|#C32148|2px}}" |Award ! style="background:#26559B; color:#FFF000; {{box-shadow border|a|#C32148|2px}}" |Year(s) ! style="background:#26559B; color:#FFF000; {{box-shadow border|a|#C32148|2px}}" |Ref.(s) |- | [[Mundo Deportivo|Gala de Fútbol Femenino]] – Extraordinary Award: Record Attendance | 2022 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2022 |title=FC Barcelona shines at Mundo Deportivo European Women's Football Gala |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2873469/fc-barcelona-shines-at-mundo-deportivo-european-womens-football-gala |access-date=25 October 2022 |website=FC Barcelona |archive-date=24 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221024213029/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2873469/fc-barcelona-shines-at-mundo-deportivo-european-womens-football-gala |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | [[Royal Spanish Football Federation|Golsmedia FutbolFest Awards]] – SuperCampeonas 2022 Award: Best Women's Football Club |[[2021–22 FC Barcelona Femení season|2021–22]] | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Barça Women honoured at the 2022 Golsmedia awards ceremony |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2898277/barca-women-honoured-at-the-2022-golsmedia-awards-ceremony |access-date=11 November 2022 |website=FC Barcelona |archive-date=11 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221111014649/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2898277/barca-women-honoured-at-the-2022-golsmedia-awards-ceremony |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | [[IFFHS World's Best Club#Women's winners|IFFHS Women's World's Best Club]] | 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web|date=14 January 2022|title=IFFHS AWARDS – WOMEN'S WORLD BEST CLUB 2021|url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-awards-womens-world-best-club-2021-1584|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220114143139/https://www.iffhs.com/posts/1584|archive-date=14 January 2022|access-date=14 January 2022|website=IFFHS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=26 January 2023|title=IFFHS WOMEN'S CLUB WORLD RANKING 2022|url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-club-world-ranking-2022-2501|access-date=26 January 2023|website=IFFHS|archive-date=14 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220114143139/https://www.iffhs.com/posts/2501|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=14 May 2023 |title=THE IFFHS AWARD 2022 FOR FC BARCELONA |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/the-iffhs-award-2022-for-fc-barcelona-2742 |access-date=14 May 2023 |website=IFFHS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=6 January 2024 |title=IFFHS Women's Club World Ranking 2023: Barcelona always ! |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-club-world-ranking-2023-3303 |access-date=6 January 2024 |website=IFFHS |archive-date=26 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526204622/https://iffhs.com/posts/3303 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 January 2025 |title=IFFHS AWARDS 2024 – FC BARCELONA, WOMEN'S WORLD BEST CLUB |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-awards-2024-fc-barcelona-womens-world-best-club-4105 |access-date=8 January 2025 |website=IFFHS |archive-date=30 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251130182010/https://iffhs.com/posts/4105 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2025 |title=IFFHS AWARDS 2024 IN BARCELONA |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-awards-2024-in-barcelona-4189 |access-date=12 February 2025 |website=IFFHS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2026 |title=IFFHS WOMEN'S CLUB WORLD RANKING 2025 |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-club-world-ranking-2025-4847 |access-date=8 January 2026 |website=IFFHS |archive-date=11 January 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260111060002/https://iffhs.com/posts/4847 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | [[IFFHS World's Best Club#Continental rankings (women)|IFFHS Women's UEFA Best Club]] | 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 January 2022 |title=IFFHS WOMEN'S CONTINENTAL CLUBS AND LEAGUES 2021 – UEFA |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-continental-clubs-and-leagues-2021-uefa-1600 |website=IFFHS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 February 2023 |title=IFFHS Women's Club Continental Ranking 2022 – UEFA |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-club-continental-rankings-2022-uefa-2523 |website=IFFHS |access-date=8 May 2024 |archive-date=13 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240413151752/https://iffhs.com/posts/2523 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2024 |title=IFFHS Women's Club Continental Ranking 2023 – FC BARCELONA THE FIRST IN UEFA |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-womens-club-continental-ranking-2023-uefa-3315 |access-date=12 January 2024 |website=IFFHS |archive-date=12 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240112192200/https://iffhs.com/posts/3315 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | ''[[:es:Panenka (revista)|Panenka]]'' Premi Antonín del Año – Cultural values in Spanish football | 2022 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 February 2023 |title=El FC Barcelona Femení, guardonat a la gala Panenka |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/futbol/femeni-a/noticies/3052444/el-fc-barcelona-femeni-guardonat-a-la-gala-panenka |access-date=7 February 2023 |website=FC Barcelona |language=ca}}</ref> |- | Premio Culer Femenino | 2023 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |date=30 May 2023 |title=El Barça de fútbol femenino, premio 'Culer femenino' |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/barca-futbol-femenino-premio-culer-88066266 |access-date=5 June 2023 |website=Sport |language=es |archive-date=5 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605152610/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/barca-futbol-femenino-premio-culer-88066266 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=El primer equipo masculino, premio Culer del Año en una gala 100% azulgrana |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/club/noticias/3501033/el-primer-equipo-masculino-premio-culer-del-ano-en-una-gala-100-azulgrana |access-date=5 June 2023 |website=FC Barcelona |language=es |archive-date=5 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605152607/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/club/noticias/3501033/el-primer-equipo-masculino-premio-culer-del-ano-en-una-gala-100-azulgrana |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |[[Medalla d'Honor del Parlament de Catalunya]] |2023 | style="text-align:center" |<ref name=":42">{{Cite web |date=25 July 2023 |title=Medalla de oro del Parlament para el Barça femenino |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20230725/1002043458/medalla-oro-parlament-barca-femenino.html |access-date=29 July 2023 |website=Mundo Deportivo |language=es |archive-date=29 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230729224332/https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20230725/1002043458/medalla-oro-parlament-barca-femenino.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |[[Ballon d'Or#Additional awards|Ballon d'Or – Women's Club of the Year]] |[[2023 Ballon d'Or#Women's Club of the Year|2023]], [[2024 Ballon d'Or#Women's Club of the Year|2024]] | style="text-align:center" |<ref name=":17">{{Cite web |date=30 October 2023 |title=Barça, best women's team of 2023 |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/3761460/barca-best-womens-team-of-2023 |access-date=31 October 2023 |website=FC Barcelona |archive-date=31 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031050746/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/3761460/barca-best-womens-team-of-2023 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":18">{{Cite news |date=30 October 2023 |title=Ballon d'Or 2023 : le Barça sacré club féminin de l'année |trans-title=Ballon d'Or 2023: Barça crowned women's club of the year |url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Ballon-d-or-2023-le-barca-sacre-club-feminin-de-l-annee/1428906 |access-date=31 October 2023 |work=[[L'Équipe]] |language=fr |archive-date=30 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030203035/https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Ballon-d-or-2023-le-barca-sacre-club-feminin-de-l-annee/1428906 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ballon d'Or 2024 : le FC Barcelone sacré club féminin de l'année (Foot) |trans-title=Ballon d'Or 2024: FC Barcelona crowned women's club of the year (Football) |url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Le-fc-barcelone-sacre-club-feminin-de-l-annee-au-ballon-d-or-2024/1516900 |access-date=11 November 2024 |website=L'Équipe |language=fr |archive-date=30 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130162534/https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Le-fc-barcelone-sacre-club-feminin-de-l-annee-au-ballon-d-or-2024/1516900 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |Football Content Awards – Best Football Club, Women's Football Gold Award |2023 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cooper |first=Anthony |date=17 November 2023 |title=Winners of the Football Content Awards 2023 |url=https://footballcontentawards.com/2023/11/17/winners-of-the-football-content-awards-2023/ |access-date=20 November 2023 |website=Football Content Awards |language=en |archive-date=20 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120143434/https://footballcontentawards.com/2023/11/17/winners-of-the-football-content-awards-2023/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |[[Globe Soccer Awards|Globe Soccer Awards – Best Women's Club of the Year]] |[[Globe Soccer Awards#2021|2021]], [[Globe Soccer Awards#2023|2023]], [[Globe Soccer Awards#2024 – Europe Edition|2024 (Eu)]], [[Globe Soccer Awards#2024|2024]], [[Globe Soccer Awards#2025|2025]] | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 December 2021 |title=F.C. Barcelona: Best Women's Club of the Year |url=https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/f-c-barcelona-best-womens-club-of-the-year-2021/ |access-date=18 February 2025 |website=Globe Soccer |archive-date=22 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250422092130/https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/f-c-barcelona-best-womens-club-of-the-year-2021/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=19 January 2024 |title=F.C. Barcelona: Best Women's Club |url=https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2023/ |access-date=18 February 2025 |website=Globe Soccer |archive-date=13 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250213022435/https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2023/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=29 May 2024 |title=F.C. Barcelona: BEST WOMEN'S CLUB |url=https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/f-c-barcelona-best-womens-club-2024/ |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Globe Soccer |archive-date=29 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529122257/https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/f-c-barcelona-best-womens-club-2024/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 December 2024 |title=FC Barcelona: Best Women's Club – Silversands |url=https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2024/ |access-date=18 February 2025 |website=Globe Soccer |archive-date=13 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250213025808/https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2024/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=28 December 2025 |title=FC Barcelona: Best Women's Club – AGMC |url=https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2025/ |access-date=8 January 2026 |website=Globe Soccer |archive-date=19 January 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260119054021/https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/fc-barcelona-best-womens-club-2025/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |[[World Soccer (magazine)#Women's World Team of the Year|World Soccer Magazine – Women's World Team of the Year]] |2021, 2024 | style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite magazine |magazine=World Soccer |date=January 2022 |page=53 |title=2021 Winners}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|magazine=[[World Soccer (magazine)|World Soccer]]|date=January 2025|page=31|title=2024 winners}}</ref> |} == Records == ::'''Bold''' dey indicate still-current records <!--Listed chronologically, then under the same top-level record for those which the team has held/broken multiple times--> * Highest unofficial attendance at a women's football match: 60,000 (25 December 1970, til 15 August 1971; [[Selecció Barcelona 0–0 UE Centelles|Barcelona vs. UE Centelles]], [[Camp Nou]])<ref name="Burhan2021">{{cite web |last=Burhan |first=Asif |title=Camp Nou To Host Spanish Women's League Match For The First Time |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/asifburhan/2021/01/05/camp-nou-to-host-spanish-womens-league-match-for-the-first-time/ |access-date=6 June 2023 |website=Forbes |archive-date=6 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606230129/https://www.forbes.com/sites/asifburhan/2021/01/05/camp-nou-to-host-spanish-womens-league-match-for-the-first-time/ |url-status=live }}</ref> * Highest salary for a female footballer: **€250,000 (2017–2018; [[Lieke Martens]])<ref name=":12" /><ref name=Parking/><ref name=":24">{{Cite web |last1=Rendell |first1=Sarah |last2=Wright |first2=Andy |date=17 October 2024 |title=Who is the best paid women's footballer? |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/who-is-the-best-paid-womens-footballer |website=FourFourTwo |access-date=4 December 2024 |archive-date=4 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204175819/https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/who-is-the-best-paid-womens-footballer |url-status=live }}</ref> **€700,000 (2024–2024; [[Alexia Putellas]])<ref name=":24" /> **'''€1'''{{Nbsp}}'''million''' (2024; [[Aitana Bonmatí]])<ref name=":24" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=16 September 2024 |title=Aitana Bonmati becomes highest-paid player in women's football as Barcelona star signs record-breaking contract until 2028 |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/lists/aitana-bonmati-highest-paid-player-women-football-barcelona-record-breaking-contract-2028/blt91e3383e73183952#csba2038161d52c3d7 |website=Goal |access-date=16 September 2024 |archive-date=16 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240916133117/https://www.goal.com/en-gb/lists/aitana-bonmati-highest-paid-player-women-football-barcelona-record-breaking-contract-2028/blt91e3383e73183952#csba2038161d52c3d7 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Harpur |first=Charlotte |title=Aitana Bonmati set to sign lucrative Barcelona contract extension |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5749591/2024/09/06/aitana-bonmati-barcelona-contract/ |work=The New York Times |date=6 September 2024 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=16 September 2024 |access-date=16 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240916133117/https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5749591/2024/09/06/aitana-bonmati-barcelona-contract/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=5 September 2024|title=El contrato millonario que aleja a Aitana Bonmatí del Chelsea: mejor pagada que Alexia|url=https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/culemania/secciones/20240905/el-millonario-que-aitana-bonmati-chelsea-alexia/883661744_0.html|website=Crónica Global|language=es|access-date=16 September 2024|archive-date=16 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240916133822/https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/culemania/secciones/20240905/el-millonario-que-aitana-bonmati-chelsea-alexia/883661744_0.html|url-status=live}}</ref> * Highest attendance at a women's football domestic league match: **26,000 (5 May 2013; [[Athletic Club (women)|Athletic Club]] vs. Barcelona, [[San Mamés Stadium (1913)|San Mamés Stadium]])<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pedraza |first=Jacobo |date=10 September 2018 |title=España es una potencia (también) en fútbol femenino |language=es |work=El País |url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2018/09/10/actualidad/1536565151_435200.html |access-date=21 November 2023 |issn=1134-6582 |archive-date=11 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211184756/https://elpais.com/deportes/2018/09/10/actualidad/1536565151_435200.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=17 años del primer partido del Athletic femenino en San Mamés {{!}} Athletic Club |url=https://www.athletic-club.eus/noticias/2020/03/30/17-anos-del-primer-partido-del-athletic-femenino-en-san-mames |access-date=21 November 2023 |website=www.athletic-club.eus |archive-date=15 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215150633/https://www.athletic-club.eus/noticias/2020/03/30/17-anos-del-primer-partido-del-athletic-femenino-en-san-mames |url-status=live }}</ref> **'''60,739''' (17 March 2019; [[Atlético Madrid Femenino|Atlético Madrid]] vs. Barcelona, [[Metropolitano Stadium]])<ref>{{cite web |title=60.739 espectadores en el Wanda: récord de un partido femenino a nivel de clubes |date=17 March 2019 |url=https://www.marca.com/futbol/futbol-femenino/primera-division/2019/03/17/5c8d58f922601df9688b464f.html |publisher=Marca |language=es |access-date=8 May 2024 |archive-date=24 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250124151822/https://www.marca.com/futbol/futbol-femenino/primera-division/2019/03/17/5c8d58f922601df9688b464f.html |url-status=live }}</ref> * Most consecutive victories insyd all competitions: '''45 wins''' (from 6 June 2021 to 22 April 2022)<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 April 2022 |title=Barcelona Femeni lose to Wolfsburg in Women's Champions League as 45-match win streak snapped |url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/barcelona-femeni-lose-to-wolfsburg-in-women-s-champions-league-as-45-match-win-streak-snapped/blt95a778e1296f2b15 |website=Goal.com |access-date=30 August 2022 |archive-date=30 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220830174851/https://www.goal.com/en/news/barcelona-femeni-lose-to-wolfsburg-in-women-s-champions-league-as-45-match-win-streak-snapped/blt95a778e1296f2b15 |url-status=live }}</ref> * Most consecutive victories insyd league competition: '''62 wins''' (from [[2020–21 FC Barcelona Femení season#Matches|6 June 2021]] to [[2022–23 FC Barcelona Femení season#Matches|6 May 2023]], including the [[2021–22 FC Barcelona Femení season#Matches|2021–22 season]])<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 May 2023 |title=Barcelona women's historic 62-game winning streak ends after Sevilla draw |url=https://www.foxsports.com/stories/soccer/barcelona-womens-historic-62-game-winning-streak-ends-after-sevilla-draw |website=FoxSports.com |access-date=28 May 2024 |archive-date=28 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240528003612/https://www.foxsports.com/stories/soccer/barcelona-womens-historic-62-game-winning-streak-ends-after-sevilla-draw |url-status=live }}</ref> * Highest official attendance at a women's football match: **91,553 (30 March 2022; Barcelona vs [[Real Madrid Femenino|Real Madrid]], Camp Nou)<ref name="Gulino" /> **'''91,648''' (22 April 2022; Barcelona vs [[VfL Wolfsburg (women)|Wolfsburg]], Camp Nou)<ref name="ESPN-UWCLSF" /> * [[List of most expensive women's association football transfers|Most expensive transfer of a women's footballer]]: €470,000 (7 September 2022, til 2024; [[Keira Walsh]], [[Manchester City W.F.C.|Manchester City]] to Barcelona) * Largest [[Road (sports)#Association football|travelling contingent]] for a women's football match: '''40,000''' (25 May 2024; [[2024 UEFA Women's Champions League final|Barcelona vs. Lyon]], [[San Mamés Stadium (2013)|San Mamés Stadium]])<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2024 |title=40.000 culés ya toman Bilbao en otro récord global del femenino |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20240525/1002252977/40-000-cules-bilbao-record-global-femenino.html |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=Mundo Deportivo |language=es |archive-date=26 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526014957/https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20240525/1002252977/40-000-cules-bilbao-record-global-femenino.html |url-status=live }}</ref> == Current technical staff == === Managers === {| class="wikitable" | * Ramon Carrión (1988–89) * Luis de la Peña (1989–1998) * Salvador Casals (1998–2001) * Natalia Astrain (2002–2006) * Xavi Llorens (2006–2017) * Fran Sánchez (2017–2019) * Lluís Cortés (2019–2021) * Jonatan Giráldez (2021–2024) * Pere Romeu (2024–present) |} == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{Official website}} {{in lang|ca}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Barcelona (women)}} [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení| ]] [[Category:FC Barcelona]] [[Category:Women's football clubs insyd Spain]] [[Category:1970 establishments insyd Catalonia]] [[Category:Football clubs insyd Barcelona]] [[Category:Liga F clubs]] [[Category:Women's sport insyd Catalonia]] sv7mrctkjcy4w7kwjkgrpeqszh0soz9 0 29166 109019 109018 2026-08-04T12:01:51Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109019 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref>Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref>Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd. == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] h1mxa1cyimgb95kld418817oj5b9oa9 109020 109019 2026-08-04T12:03:07Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109020 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref>Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] 9za9uwj17l2nsigxvfg8jn7ohjrj2l3 109022 109020 2026-08-04T12:05:14Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109022 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref>Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == Oda physical health effects == Traffic noise fi sanso increase de risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, den becoming overweight. == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] 7yleucxbs6c7z27gzppt1sv6hyo4286 109023 109022 2026-08-04T12:05:43Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109023 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref>Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == Oda physical health effects == Traffic noise fi sanso increase de risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, den becoming overweight. Noise pollution be an environmental health concern since e often be a risk factor give dey develop oda diseases like tinnitus anaa impaired speech discrimination. == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] izq6q53s7ixpzr6uj2qg8ijeblf88yu 109024 109023 2026-08-04T12:06:42Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109024 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref>Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == Oda physical health effects == Traffic noise fi sanso increase de risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, den becoming overweight.<ref name=":2" /> Noise pollution be an environmental health concern since e often be a risk factor give dey develop oda diseases like tinnitus anaa impaired speech discrimination. == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] f9hip2q39xmek7kls37ow00nexbuq9y 109025 109024 2026-08-04T12:07:30Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109025 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref>Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == Oda physical health effects == Traffic noise fi sanso increase de risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, den becoming overweight.<ref name=":2" /> Noise pollution be an environmental health concern since e often be a risk factor give dey develop oda diseases like tinnitus anaa impaired speech discrimination.<ref>Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., THE LANCET, Volume 383, issue 9925(April, 2014), page 1325-1332.</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] 00gsgc7v96fzxppkdvdgf5uu90r2mps 109088 109025 2026-08-05T10:16:49Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109088 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref>Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == Oda physical health effects == Traffic noise fi sanso increase de risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, den becoming overweight.<ref name=":2" /> Noise pollution be an environmental health concern since e often be a risk factor give dey develop oda diseases like tinnitus anaa impaired speech discrimination.<ref>Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., THE LANCET, Volume 383, issue 9925(April, 2014), page 1325-1332.</ref> == Psychological impacts of noise == Dem already discover causal relationships between noise den psychological effects wey dey include annoyance, psychiatric disorders, den effects for psychosocial well-being top. == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] 6r83kx842o76q9znts00dad171kaqsq 109089 109088 2026-08-05T10:17:25Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109089 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref>Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == Oda physical health effects == Traffic noise fi sanso increase de risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, den becoming overweight.<ref name=":2" /> Noise pollution be an environmental health concern since e often be a risk factor give dey develop oda diseases like tinnitus anaa impaired speech discrimination.<ref>Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., THE LANCET, Volume 383, issue 9925(April, 2014), page 1325-1332.</ref> == Psychological impacts of noise == Dem already discover causal relationships between noise den psychological effects wey dey include annoyance, psychiatric disorders, den effects for psychosocial well-being top. Exposure to intense levels of noise fi cause personality changes den violent reactions. == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] oosu4flz6qhczj5p7y9b5y2dqy06458 109090 109089 2026-08-05T10:17:58Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109090 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref>Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == Oda physical health effects == Traffic noise fi sanso increase de risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, den becoming overweight.<ref name=":2" /> Noise pollution be an environmental health concern since e often be a risk factor give dey develop oda diseases like tinnitus anaa impaired speech discrimination.<ref>Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., THE LANCET, Volume 383, issue 9925(April, 2014), page 1325-1332.</ref> == Psychological impacts of noise == Dem already discover causal relationships between noise den psychological effects wey dey include annoyance, psychiatric disorders, den effects for psychosocial well-being top. Exposure to intense levels of noise fi cause personality changes den violent reactions. Dem sanso show noise to be a factor wey dem attribute to violent reactions. == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] 6qgecbhj28voggxi9wpi5zglzl6x099 109091 109090 2026-08-05T10:19:05Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109091 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref>Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == Oda physical health effects == Traffic noise fi sanso increase de risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, den becoming overweight.<ref name=":2" /> Noise pollution be an environmental health concern since e often be a risk factor give dey develop oda diseases like tinnitus anaa impaired speech discrimination.<ref>Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., THE LANCET, Volume 383, issue 9925(April, 2014), page 1325-1332.</ref> == Psychological impacts of noise == Dem already discover causal relationships between noise den psychological effects wey dey include annoyance, psychiatric disorders, den effects for psychosocial well-being top. Exposure to intense levels of noise fi cause personality changes den violent reactions. Dem sanso show noise to be a factor wey dem attribute to violent reactions. De psychological impacts of noise sanso dey include an addiction to loud music. == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] izor3knsxxubuthsjxirhg1qsce9c9j 109092 109091 2026-08-05T10:20:00Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109092 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref>Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == Oda physical health effects == Traffic noise fi sanso increase de risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, den becoming overweight.<ref name=":2" /> Noise pollution be an environmental health concern since e often be a risk factor give dey develop oda diseases like tinnitus anaa impaired speech discrimination.<ref>Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., THE LANCET, Volume 383, issue 9925(April, 2014), page 1325-1332.</ref> == Psychological impacts of noise == Dem already discover causal relationships between noise den psychological effects wey dey include annoyance, psychiatric disorders, den effects for psychosocial well-being top. Exposure to intense levels of noise fi cause personality changes den violent reactions. Dem sanso show noise to be a factor wey dem attribute to violent reactions. De psychological impacts of noise sanso dey include an addiction to loud music. Dem research dis for a study insyd where dem find non-professional musicians to get loudness addictions more often dan non-musician control subjects. == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] js69t18xy2v3yak81wlaozgl2l56njg 109093 109092 2026-08-05T10:20:32Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109093 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref>Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == Oda physical health effects == Traffic noise fi sanso increase de risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, den becoming overweight.<ref name=":2" /> Noise pollution be an environmental health concern since e often be a risk factor give dey develop oda diseases like tinnitus anaa impaired speech discrimination.<ref>Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., THE LANCET, Volume 383, issue 9925(April, 2014), page 1325-1332.</ref> == Psychological impacts of noise == Dem already discover causal relationships between noise den psychological effects wey dey include annoyance, psychiatric disorders, den effects for psychosocial well-being top. Exposure to intense levels of noise fi cause personality changes den violent reactions. Dem sanso show noise to be a factor wey dem attribute to violent reactions. De psychological impacts of noise sanso dey include an addiction to loud music. Dem research dis for a study insyd where dem find non-professional musicians to get loudness addictions more often dan non-musician control subjects. Psychological health effects from noise sanso dey include depression den anxiety. == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] fs7p8q8ioqyhmzar9mwx0zauthby8n3 109094 109093 2026-08-05T10:21:32Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109094 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref>Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == Oda physical health effects == Traffic noise fi sanso increase de risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, den becoming overweight.<ref name=":2" /> Noise pollution be an environmental health concern since e often be a risk factor give dey develop oda diseases like tinnitus anaa impaired speech discrimination.<ref>Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., THE LANCET, Volume 383, issue 9925(April, 2014), page 1325-1332.</ref> == Psychological impacts of noise == Dem already discover causal relationships between noise den psychological effects wey dey include annoyance, psychiatric disorders, den effects for psychosocial well-being top. Exposure to intense levels of noise fi cause personality changes den violent reactions. Dem sanso show noise to be a factor wey dem attribute to violent reactions. De psychological impacts of noise sanso dey include an addiction to loud music. Dem research dis for a study insyd where dem find non-professional musicians to get loudness addictions more often dan non-musician control subjects. Psychological health effects from noise sanso dey include depression den anxiety. Individuals wey get hearing loss, wey dey include noise-induced hearing loss, fi get demma symptoms dem alleviate plus de use of hearing aids. == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] sitfr7xu44vcqi13vpspnn4f9715d4y 109095 109094 2026-08-05T10:22:04Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109095 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref>Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == Oda physical health effects == Traffic noise fi sanso increase de risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, den becoming overweight.<ref name=":2" /> Noise pollution be an environmental health concern since e often be a risk factor give dey develop oda diseases like tinnitus anaa impaired speech discrimination.<ref>Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., THE LANCET, Volume 383, issue 9925(April, 2014), page 1325-1332.</ref> == Psychological impacts of noise == Dem already discover causal relationships between noise den psychological effects wey dey include annoyance, psychiatric disorders, den effects for psychosocial well-being top. Exposure to intense levels of noise fi cause personality changes den violent reactions. Dem sanso show noise to be a factor wey dem attribute to violent reactions. De psychological impacts of noise sanso dey include an addiction to loud music. Dem research dis for a study insyd where dem find non-professional musicians to get loudness addictions more often dan non-musician control subjects. Psychological health effects from noise sanso dey include depression den anxiety. Individuals wey get hearing loss, wey dey include noise-induced hearing loss, fi get demma symptoms dem alleviate plus de use of hearing aids. Individuals wey no dey seek treatment give demma loss be 50% more likely to get depression dan demma aided peers. == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] t2dk8m1q8wsyzx5phn03ptdyq8oru0e 109096 109095 2026-08-05T10:22:59Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109096 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref>Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == Oda physical health effects == Traffic noise fi sanso increase de risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, den becoming overweight.<ref name=":2" /> Noise pollution be an environmental health concern since e often be a risk factor give dey develop oda diseases like tinnitus anaa impaired speech discrimination.<ref>Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., THE LANCET, Volume 383, issue 9925(April, 2014), page 1325-1332.</ref> == Psychological impacts of noise == Dem already discover causal relationships between noise den psychological effects wey dey include annoyance, psychiatric disorders, den effects for psychosocial well-being top. Exposure to intense levels of noise fi cause personality changes den violent reactions. Dem sanso show noise to be a factor wey dem attribute to violent reactions. De psychological impacts of noise sanso dey include an addiction to loud music. Dem research dis for a study insyd where dem find non-professional musicians to get loudness addictions more often dan non-musician control subjects. Psychological health effects from noise sanso dey include depression den anxiety. Individuals wey get hearing loss, wey dey include noise-induced hearing loss, fi get demma symptoms dem alleviate plus de use of hearing aids. Individuals wey no dey seek treatment give demma loss be 50% more likely to get depression dan demma aided peers. Dem psychological effects fi lead to detriments for physical care insyd for de form of reduced self-care, work-tolerance, den increased isolation insyd. == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] apn9v3q8gvchy973y9pgfp02vjncchz 109097 109096 2026-08-05T10:24:12Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109097 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref>Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == Oda physical health effects == Traffic noise fi sanso increase de risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, den becoming overweight.<ref name=":2" /> Noise pollution be an environmental health concern since e often be a risk factor give dey develop oda diseases like tinnitus anaa impaired speech discrimination.<ref>Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., THE LANCET, Volume 383, issue 9925(April, 2014), page 1325-1332.</ref> == Psychological impacts of noise == Dem already discover causal relationships between noise den psychological effects wey dey include annoyance, psychiatric disorders, den effects for psychosocial well-being top. Exposure to intense levels of noise fi cause personality changes den violent reactions. Dem sanso show noise to be a factor wey dem attribute to violent reactions. De psychological impacts of noise sanso dey include an addiction to loud music. Dem research dis for a study insyd where dem find non-professional musicians to get loudness addictions more often dan non-musician control subjects. Psychological health effects from noise sanso dey include depression den anxiety. Individuals wey get hearing loss, wey dey include noise-induced hearing loss, fi get demma symptoms dem alleviate plus de use of hearing aids. Individuals wey no dey seek treatment give demma loss be 50% more likely to get depression dan demma aided peers. Dem psychological effects fi lead to detriments for physical care insyd for de form of reduced self-care, work-tolerance, den increased isolation insyd. Auditory stimuli sanso fi serve as psychological triggers give individuals plus post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] c2ii2ryi4avsgym0wjdjaeookivgxke 109098 109097 2026-08-05T10:25:16Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109098 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref name=":5">Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == Oda physical health effects == Traffic noise fi sanso increase de risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, den becoming overweight.<ref name=":2" /> Noise pollution be an environmental health concern since e often be a risk factor give dey develop oda diseases like tinnitus anaa impaired speech discrimination.<ref>Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., THE LANCET, Volume 383, issue 9925(April, 2014), page 1325-1332.</ref> == Psychological impacts of noise == Dem already discover causal relationships between noise den psychological effects wey dey include annoyance, psychiatric disorders, den effects for psychosocial well-being top.<ref name=":5" /> Exposure to intense levels of noise fi cause personality changes den violent reactions. Dem sanso show noise to be a factor wey dem attribute to violent reactions. De psychological impacts of noise sanso dey include an addiction to loud music. Dem research dis for a study insyd where dem find non-professional musicians to get loudness addictions more often dan non-musician control subjects. Psychological health effects from noise sanso dey include depression den anxiety. Individuals wey get hearing loss, wey dey include noise-induced hearing loss, fi get demma symptoms dem alleviate plus de use of hearing aids. Individuals wey no dey seek treatment give demma loss be 50% more likely to get depression dan demma aided peers. Dem psychological effects fi lead to detriments for physical care insyd for de form of reduced self-care, work-tolerance, den increased isolation insyd. Auditory stimuli sanso fi serve as psychological triggers give individuals plus post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] dlzfye01ldrtfbt1z72nrnwzyzmwuzg 109099 109098 2026-08-05T10:31:46Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109099 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref name=":5">Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == Oda physical health effects == Traffic noise fi sanso increase de risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, den becoming overweight.<ref name=":2" /> Noise pollution be an environmental health concern since e often be a risk factor give dey develop oda diseases like tinnitus anaa impaired speech discrimination.<ref>Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., THE LANCET, Volume 383, issue 9925(April, 2014), page 1325-1332.</ref> == Psychological impacts of noise == Dem already discover causal relationships between noise den psychological effects wey dey include annoyance, psychiatric disorders, den effects for psychosocial well-being top.<ref name=":5" /> Exposure to intense levels of noise fi cause personality changes den violent reactions.<ref>[https://www.who.int/ceh/capacity/noise.pdf "Children and Noise"] (PDF). World Health Organization.</ref> Dem sanso show noise to be a factor wey dem attribute to violent reactions. De psychological impacts of noise sanso dey include an addiction to loud music. Dem research dis for a study insyd where dem find non-professional musicians to get loudness addictions more often dan non-musician control subjects. Psychological health effects from noise sanso dey include depression den anxiety. Individuals wey get hearing loss, wey dey include noise-induced hearing loss, fi get demma symptoms dem alleviate plus de use of hearing aids. Individuals wey no dey seek treatment give demma loss be 50% more likely to get depression dan demma aided peers. Dem psychological effects fi lead to detriments for physical care insyd for de form of reduced self-care, work-tolerance, den increased isolation insyd. Auditory stimuli sanso fi serve as psychological triggers give individuals plus post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] mac2jgcowoppt2v7uekb1bjg8bpq1bo 109100 109099 2026-08-05T11:35:01Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109100 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref name=":5">Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == Oda physical health effects == Traffic noise fi sanso increase de risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, den becoming overweight.<ref name=":2" /> Noise pollution be an environmental health concern since e often be a risk factor give dey develop oda diseases like tinnitus anaa impaired speech discrimination.<ref>Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., THE LANCET, Volume 383, issue 9925(April, 2014), page 1325-1332.</ref> == Psychological impacts of noise == Dem already discover causal relationships between noise den psychological effects wey dey include annoyance, psychiatric disorders, den effects for psychosocial well-being top.<ref name=":5" /> Exposure to intense levels of noise fi cause personality changes den violent reactions.<ref>[https://www.who.int/ceh/capacity/noise.pdf "Children and Noise"] (PDF). World Health Organization.</ref> Dem sanso show noise to be a factor wey dem attribute to violent reactions.<ref>Elizondo-Garza FJ (1999). "Noise problems, savage approaches. From ''just forget it,'' to physical violence". ''The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America''. '''105''' (2): 942. [[Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999ASAJ..105..942E 1999ASAJ..105..942E]. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1121/1.425711|10.1121/1.425711]].</ref> De psychological impacts of noise sanso dey include an addiction to loud music. Dem research dis for a study insyd where dem find non-professional musicians to get loudness addictions more often dan non-musician control subjects. Psychological health effects from noise sanso dey include depression den anxiety. Individuals wey get hearing loss, wey dey include noise-induced hearing loss, fi get demma symptoms dem alleviate plus de use of hearing aids. Individuals wey no dey seek treatment give demma loss be 50% more likely to get depression dan demma aided peers. Dem psychological effects fi lead to detriments for physical care insyd for de form of reduced self-care, work-tolerance, den increased isolation insyd. Auditory stimuli sanso fi serve as psychological triggers give individuals plus post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] 9tn7nwu4d1nkbsv378qhaq92b5c4h4v 109101 109100 2026-08-05T11:45:52Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109101 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref name=":5">Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == Oda physical health effects == Traffic noise fi sanso increase de risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, den becoming overweight.<ref name=":2" /> Noise pollution be an environmental health concern since e often be a risk factor give dey develop oda diseases like tinnitus anaa impaired speech discrimination.<ref>Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., THE LANCET, Volume 383, issue 9925(April, 2014), page 1325-1332.</ref> == Psychological impacts of noise == Dem already discover causal relationships between noise den psychological effects wey dey include annoyance, psychiatric disorders, den effects for psychosocial well-being top.<ref name=":5" /> Exposure to intense levels of noise fi cause personality changes den violent reactions.<ref>[https://www.who.int/ceh/capacity/noise.pdf "Children and Noise"] (PDF). World Health Organization.</ref> Dem sanso show noise to be a factor wey dem attribute to violent reactions.<ref>Elizondo-Garza FJ (1999). "Noise problems, savage approaches. From ''just forget it,'' to physical violence". ''The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America''. '''105''' (2): 942. [[Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999ASAJ..105..942E 1999ASAJ..105..942E]. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1121/1.425711|10.1121/1.425711]].</ref> De psychological impacts of noise sanso dey include an addiction to loud music. Dem research dis for a study insyd where dem find non-professional musicians to get loudness addictions more often dan non-musician control subjects.<ref>Schmuziger N, Patscheke J, Stieglitz R, Probst R (January 2012). [https://web.archive.org/web/20171110181433/http://www.audiologyresearch.org/index.php/audio/article/view/audiores.2012.e11 "Is there addiction to loud music? Findings in a group of non-professional pop/rock musicians"]. ''Audiology Research''. '''2''' (1): 57–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4081/audiores.2012.e11|10.4081/audiores.2012.e11]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4630946 4630946]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26557326 26557326]. Archived from [http://www.audiologyresearch.org/index.php/audio/article/view/audiores.2012.e11 the original] on 2017-11-10. Retrieved 2017-11-10.</ref> Psychological health effects from noise sanso dey include depression den anxiety. Individuals wey get hearing loss, wey dey include noise-induced hearing loss, fi get demma symptoms dem alleviate plus de use of hearing aids. Individuals wey no dey seek treatment give demma loss be 50% more likely to get depression dan demma aided peers. Dem psychological effects fi lead to detriments for physical care insyd for de form of reduced self-care, work-tolerance, den increased isolation insyd. Auditory stimuli sanso fi serve as psychological triggers give individuals plus post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] bkg59mfsour1wmmhsfdyw5uqk6fc1xs 109102 109101 2026-08-05T11:46:58Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109102 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref name=":5">Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == Oda physical health effects == Traffic noise fi sanso increase de risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, den becoming overweight.<ref name=":2" /> Noise pollution be an environmental health concern since e often be a risk factor give dey develop oda diseases like tinnitus anaa impaired speech discrimination.<ref>Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., THE LANCET, Volume 383, issue 9925(April, 2014), page 1325-1332.</ref> == Psychological impacts of noise == Dem already discover causal relationships between noise den psychological effects wey dey include annoyance, psychiatric disorders, den effects for psychosocial well-being top.<ref name=":5" /> Exposure to intense levels of noise fi cause personality changes den violent reactions.<ref>[https://www.who.int/ceh/capacity/noise.pdf "Children and Noise"] (PDF). World Health Organization.</ref> Dem sanso show noise to be a factor wey dem attribute to violent reactions.<ref>Elizondo-Garza FJ (1999). "Noise problems, savage approaches. From ''just forget it,'' to physical violence". ''The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America''. '''105''' (2): 942. [[Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999ASAJ..105..942E 1999ASAJ..105..942E]. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1121/1.425711|10.1121/1.425711]].</ref> De psychological impacts of noise sanso dey include an addiction to loud music. Dem research dis for a study insyd where dem find non-professional musicians to get loudness addictions more often dan non-musician control subjects.<ref>Schmuziger N, Patscheke J, Stieglitz R, Probst R (January 2012). [https://web.archive.org/web/20171110181433/http://www.audiologyresearch.org/index.php/audio/article/view/audiores.2012.e11 "Is there addiction to loud music? Findings in a group of non-professional pop/rock musicians"]. ''Audiology Research''. '''2''' (1): 57–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4081/audiores.2012.e11|10.4081/audiores.2012.e11]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4630946 4630946]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26557326 26557326]. Archived from [http://www.audiologyresearch.org/index.php/audio/article/view/audiores.2012.e11 the original] on 2017-11-10. Retrieved 2017-11-10.</ref> Psychological health effects from noise sanso dey include depression den anxiety. Individuals wey get hearing loss, wey dey include noise-induced hearing loss, fi get demma symptoms dem alleviate plus de use of hearing aids. Individuals wey no dey seek treatment give demma loss be 50% more likely to get depression dan demma aided peers.<ref>[http://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2015/08/hearing-loss.aspx "Silently Suffering From Hearing Loss Negatively Affects Quality of Life"]. American Psychological Association. Retrieved 2018-03-01.</ref> Dem psychological effects fi lead to detriments for physical care insyd for de form of reduced self-care, work-tolerance, den increased isolation insyd. Auditory stimuli sanso fi serve as psychological triggers give individuals plus post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] ql6ylav22ghf3uaes0x41wy1csa7du7 109103 109102 2026-08-05T11:49:30Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109103 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref name=":5">Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == Oda physical health effects == Traffic noise fi sanso increase de risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, den becoming overweight.<ref name=":2" /> Noise pollution be an environmental health concern since e often be a risk factor give dey develop oda diseases like tinnitus anaa impaired speech discrimination.<ref>Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., THE LANCET, Volume 383, issue 9925(April, 2014), page 1325-1332.</ref> == Psychological impacts of noise == Dem already discover causal relationships between noise den psychological effects wey dey include annoyance, psychiatric disorders, den effects for psychosocial well-being top.<ref name=":5" /> Exposure to intense levels of noise fi cause personality changes den violent reactions.<ref>[https://www.who.int/ceh/capacity/noise.pdf "Children and Noise"] (PDF). World Health Organization.</ref> Dem sanso show noise to be a factor wey dem attribute to violent reactions.<ref>Elizondo-Garza FJ (1999). "Noise problems, savage approaches. From ''just forget it,'' to physical violence". ''The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America''. '''105''' (2): 942. [[Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999ASAJ..105..942E 1999ASAJ..105..942E]. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1121/1.425711|10.1121/1.425711]].</ref> De psychological impacts of noise sanso dey include an addiction to loud music. Dem research dis for a study insyd where dem find non-professional musicians to get loudness addictions more often dan non-musician control subjects.<ref>Schmuziger N, Patscheke J, Stieglitz R, Probst R (January 2012). [https://web.archive.org/web/20171110181433/http://www.audiologyresearch.org/index.php/audio/article/view/audiores.2012.e11 "Is there addiction to loud music? Findings in a group of non-professional pop/rock musicians"]. ''Audiology Research''. '''2''' (1): 57–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4081/audiores.2012.e11|10.4081/audiores.2012.e11]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4630946 4630946]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26557326 26557326]. Archived from [http://www.audiologyresearch.org/index.php/audio/article/view/audiores.2012.e11 the original] on 2017-11-10. Retrieved 2017-11-10.</ref> Psychological health effects from noise sanso dey include depression den anxiety. Individuals wey get hearing loss, wey dey include noise-induced hearing loss, fi get demma symptoms dem alleviate plus de use of hearing aids. Individuals wey no dey seek treatment give demma loss be 50% more likely to get depression dan demma aided peers.<ref>[http://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2015/08/hearing-loss.aspx "Silently Suffering From Hearing Loss Negatively Affects Quality of Life"]. American Psychological Association. Retrieved 2018-03-01.</ref> Dem psychological effects fi lead to detriments for physical care insyd for de form of reduced self-care, work-tolerance, den increased isolation insyd.<ref>Hammer MS, Swinburn TK, Neitzel RL (February 2014). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3915267 "Environmental noise pollution in the United States: developing an effective public health response"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''122''' (2): 115–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.1307272|10.1289/ehp.1307272]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3915267 3915267]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24311120 24311120].</ref> Auditory stimuli sanso fi serve as psychological triggers give individuals plus post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] nfo4ry5hp3z7scxia3j1tw0v988o0iv 109104 109103 2026-08-05T11:52:01Z Emmanuel Anin 1692 109104 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20230609_Average_noise_levels_outside_US_homes.svg|thumb|More dan a quarter of US residences get average outside noise levels wey dey exceed de maximum nighttime outside noise level wey de World Health Organization recommend am.<ref>Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et&#x20;al. (June 9, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html "Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230609161926/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/09/health/noise-exposure-health-impacts.html Archived] from the original on June 9, 2023.</ref>]]'''Noise health effects''' be de physical den psychological health consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated sound levels. De World Health Organization consider noise from traffic, in particular, to be one of de worst environmental stressors give humans, wey dey second only to air pollution.<ref name=":2">Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines"]]. ''Annual Review of Public Health''. '''41''': 309–328. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400|10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31922930 31922930].</ref> Elevated workplace anaa environmental noise fi cause hearing impairment, tinnitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, den sleep disturbance.<ref name=":0">Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018). [[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System"]]. ''Journal of the American College of Cardiology''. '''71''' (6): 688–697. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015|10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420965 29420965].</ref><ref name=":1">Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 "Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations"]. ''American Journal of Industrial Medicine''. '''61''' (6): 477–491. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajim.22833|10.1002/ajim.22833]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6897488 6897488]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29537072 29537072].</ref> Dem sanso attribute changes for de immune system den birth defects insyd to noise exposure.<ref name=":5">Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 "Noise exposure and public health"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''108''' (Suppl 1): 123–31. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123|10.1289/ehp.00108s1123]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3454637 3454637]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637786 1637786]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698728 10698728].</ref> Although age-related health effects (presbycusis) dey occur naturally plus age,<ref>Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss". ''Ear and Hearing''. '''11''' (4): 257–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002|10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2210099 2210099].</ref> for many countries insyd de cumulative impact of noise dey sufficient to impair de hearing of a large fraction of de population ova de course of a lifetime.<ref>Schmid RE (2007-02-18). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071115131020/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml "Aging nation faces growing hearing loss"]. CBS News. Archived from [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/18/ap/health/mainD8NC00AO0.shtml the original] on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2007-02-18.</ref><ref>Senate Public Works Committee, ''Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972'', S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session</ref> Dem know noise exposure to induce noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, den oda cardiovascular adverse effects.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925221754/http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf "Noise: Health Effects and Controls"] (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~lohp/graphics/pdf/hw24en08.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-25. Retrieved 2007-12-22.</ref><ref name=":1" /> Dem associate chronic noise exposure plus sleep disturbances den increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects dey occur from chronic exposure to noise sekof de sympathetic nervous system ein inability to habituate. De sympathetic nervous system dey maintain lighter stages of sleep wen dem expose de body to noise, wey no dey allow blood pressure to follow de normal rise den fall cycle of an undisturbed circadian rhythm.<ref name=":0" /> Dem link stress from time wey dem spend around elevated noise levels plus increased workplace accident rates, aggression, den oda anti-social behaviors.<ref>Kryter KD (1994). ''The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health''. Boston: Academic Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-427455-6|978-0-12-427455-6]]</bdi>.</ref> De most significant sources be vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, den industrial noise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111114043606/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf "10. Noise"] (PDF). Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp.&#x20;188–189. Archived from [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/01/sa_nrm/arkiv/nrm2006/kap10-noise.pdf the original] (PDF) on November 14, 2011.</ref> Dem link prolonged exposure to noise at home to decreased mental health.<ref>Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study". ''American Journal of Preventive Medicine''. '''63''' (2): e39–e48. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020|10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466022 35466022]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248361177 248361177].</ref> Der dey approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise for de European Union insyd.<ref>[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/noise-in-europe-2014 "Noise in Europe 2014"]. ''European Environment Agency''.</ref><ref>Godwin R (3 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/03/sonic-doom-noise-pollution-kills-heart-disease-diabetes "Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year"]. ''The Guardian'' &#x2013; via www.theguardian.com.</ref> == Noise-induced hearing loss == [[File:HearingExam.jpg|thumb|An audiologist wey dey conduct an audiometric hearing test for a sound-proof testing booth insyd]]Noise-induced hearing loss be a permanent shift for pure-tone thresholds insyd, wey dey result for sensorineural hearing loss insyd. De severity of a threshold shift dey dependent for duration den severity of noise exposure top. Dem see noise-induced threshold shifts as a notch for an audiogram top from 3000 to 6000&#x20;Hz, but most often at 4000&#x20;Hz.<ref>Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19). ''Handbook of clinical audiology'' (Seventh&#x20;ed.). Philadelphia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4511-9163-9|978-1-4511-9163-9]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877024342 877024342].</ref> Exposure to loud noises, either for a single traumatic experience insyd anaa ova time, fi damage de auditory system den dey result for hearing loss insyd den sometimes tinnitus as well. Traumatic noise exposure fi happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), den/anaa by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine). Noise-induced hearing loss be sometimes unilateral den typically dey cause patients to lose hearing around de frequency of de triggering sound trauma.<ref>[https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/causes "Causes"]. ''American Tinnitus Association''. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2019-02-22.</ref> == Tinnitus == Tinnitus be an auditory disorder wey de perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) characterize am for de ear insyd for de absence of an external sound source insyd. Der dey two types of tinnitus: subjective den objective. Subjective be de most common den fi hear am only "for de head insyd" by de person wey e affect am. Dem fi hear objective tinnitus from dem around de person wey e affect am den de audiologist fi hear am using a stethoscope. Dem sanso fi categorize tinnitus by de way e dey sound for one ein ear insyd, pulsatile tinnitus<ref>Waldvogel D, Mattle HP, Sturzenegger M, Schroth G (March 1998). [https://boris.unibe.ch/117566/1/415_2009_Article_82450137415.pdf "Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients"] (PDF). ''Journal of Neurology''. '''245''' (3): 137–42. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s004150050193|10.1007/s004150050193]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9553842 9553842]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10767191 10767191].</ref> wey de vascular nature of Glomus tumors cause am den non-pulsatile tinnitus wey dey usually sound like crickets, de sea den bees. Though dem no know de pathophysiology of tinnitus, noise exposure fi be a contributing factor; therefore dem fi associate tinnitus plus with hearing loss, wey de cochlea den central nervous system (CNS) generate am. High-frequency hearing loss dey cause a high-pitched tinnitus den low-frequency hearing loss dey cause a roaring tinnitus.<ref>Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients". ''The International Tinnitus Journal''. '''8''' (1): 37–44. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14763234 14763234].</ref> Noise-induced tinnitus fi be temporary anaa permanent wey dey depend for de type den amount of noise top wey dem expose a person to. == Cardiovascular effects == Dem already associate noise plus important cardiovascular health problems, particularly hypertension, as e dey cause an increase for levels of stress hormones den vascular oxidative stress insyd.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=1999;volume=1;issue=4;spage=37;epage=48;aulast=Ising "Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''1''' (4): 37–48. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12689488 12689488].</ref><ref>Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). [[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011"]]. ''Noise & Health''. '''14''' (61): 287–91. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4103/1463-1741.104895|10.4103/1463-1741.104895]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23257579 23257579].</ref><ref>Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 "Hearing loss and incident dementia"]. ''Archives of Neurology''. '''68''' (2): 214–20. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362|10.1001/archneurol.2010.362]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277836 3277836]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;21320988.</ref> Noise levels of 50 dB(A) anaa greater at night fi increase de risk of myocardial infarction by chronically elevating cortisol production.<ref>Maschke C (2003). [http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2002;volume=5;issue=17;spage=35;epage=45;aulast=Maschke "Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise"]. ''Noise & Health''. '''5''' (17): 35–45. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12537833 12537833].</ref><ref>Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 "Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use"]. ''Occupational and Environmental Medicine''. '''61''' (5): 405–13. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/oem.2002.005488|10.1136/oem.2002.005488]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740783 1740783]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15090660 15090660].</ref><ref>Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions". ''International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health''. '''65''' (1): 23–8. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/BF00586054|10.1007/BF00586054]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8354571 8354571]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41612151 41612151].</ref> Traffic noise get several negative effects, wey dey include increased risk give coronary artery disease, plus night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful dan day-time exposure.<ref name=":2" /> Dem already sanso show am to increase blood pressure for individuals insyd within de surrounding residential areas, plus railways wey dey cause de greatest cardiovascular effects.<ref name=":3">Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019). [[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings"]]. ''Environment International''. '''132''' 105101. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101|10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31434052 31434052].</ref><ref>Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017). [https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=51900 "Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators"]. ''Environment International''. '''109''': 1–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009|10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28917129 28917129].</ref> Roadway noise levels dey sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow den dey lead to elevated blood pressure.<ref>Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et&#x20;al. (August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 "Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''127''' (8): 87003. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/EHP3857|10.1289/EHP3857]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6792364 6792364]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393793 31393793].</ref><ref name=":3" /> Vasoconstriction fi result from elevated adrenaline levels anaa thru medical stress reactions. Dem correlate long-term exposure to noise to an increase for cortisol den angiotensin-II levels insyd wey dem respectively associate am plus oxidative stress den vascular inflammation.<ref name=":2" /> Individuals wey dey subject to greater dan 80 dB(A) for de workplace insyd dey at increased risk of having increased blood pressure.<ref>Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 "High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health''. '''10''': 35. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35|10.1186/1476-069X-10-35]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090324 3090324]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518430 21518430].</ref><ref>Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 "Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''115''' (11): 1660–4. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.10346|10.1289/ehp.10346]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072860 2072860]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18008000 18008000].</ref> A 2021 systematic review for de effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD) top, stroke den hypertension, wey de World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate am den de International Labour Organization (ILO) locate 17 studies dat meet de inclusion criteria, wey dey comprise a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) for 11 countries insyd den for three WHO regions insyd (de Americas, Europe, den de Western Pacific).<ref name=":4">Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 "The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury"]. ''Environment International''. '''154''' 106387. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387|10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204276 8204276]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33612311 33612311].</ref> De study find de low quality of evidence de effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), wey dem compare am to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). Dem conclude dat der dey inadequate evidence of harmfulness give de studied outcomes plus de exception of de risk of acquiring IHD, wey dey 29% higher give dem pippoe wey dem expose to noise for demma workplace insyd.<ref name=":4" /> == Oda physical health effects == Traffic noise fi sanso increase de risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, den becoming overweight.<ref name=":2" /> Noise pollution be an environmental health concern since e often be a risk factor give dey develop oda diseases like tinnitus anaa impaired speech discrimination.<ref>Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., THE LANCET, Volume 383, issue 9925(April, 2014), page 1325-1332.</ref> == Psychological impacts of noise == Dem already discover causal relationships between noise den psychological effects wey dey include annoyance, psychiatric disorders, den effects for psychosocial well-being top.<ref name=":5" /> Exposure to intense levels of noise fi cause personality changes den violent reactions.<ref>[https://www.who.int/ceh/capacity/noise.pdf "Children and Noise"] (PDF). World Health Organization.</ref> Dem sanso show noise to be a factor wey dem attribute to violent reactions.<ref>Elizondo-Garza FJ (1999). "Noise problems, savage approaches. From ''just forget it,'' to physical violence". ''The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America''. '''105''' (2): 942. [[Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999ASAJ..105..942E 1999ASAJ..105..942E]. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1121/1.425711|10.1121/1.425711]].</ref> De psychological impacts of noise sanso dey include an addiction to loud music. Dem research dis for a study insyd where dem find non-professional musicians to get loudness addictions more often dan non-musician control subjects.<ref>Schmuziger N, Patscheke J, Stieglitz R, Probst R (January 2012). [https://web.archive.org/web/20171110181433/http://www.audiologyresearch.org/index.php/audio/article/view/audiores.2012.e11 "Is there addiction to loud music? Findings in a group of non-professional pop/rock musicians"]. ''Audiology Research''. '''2''' (1): 57–63. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4081/audiores.2012.e11|10.4081/audiores.2012.e11]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4630946 4630946]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26557326 26557326]. Archived from [http://www.audiologyresearch.org/index.php/audio/article/view/audiores.2012.e11 the original] on 2017-11-10. Retrieved 2017-11-10.</ref> Psychological health effects from noise sanso dey include depression den anxiety. Individuals wey get hearing loss, wey dey include noise-induced hearing loss, fi get demma symptoms dem alleviate plus de use of hearing aids. Individuals wey no dey seek treatment give demma loss be 50% more likely to get depression dan demma aided peers.<ref>[http://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2015/08/hearing-loss.aspx "Silently Suffering From Hearing Loss Negatively Affects Quality of Life"]. American Psychological Association. Retrieved 2018-03-01.</ref> Dem psychological effects fi lead to detriments for physical care insyd for de form of reduced self-care, work-tolerance, den increased isolation insyd.<ref>Hammer MS, Swinburn TK, Neitzel RL (February 2014). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3915267 "Environmental noise pollution in the United States: developing an effective public health response"]. ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''122''' (2): 115–9. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.1307272|10.1289/ehp.1307272]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3915267 3915267]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24311120 24311120].</ref> Auditory stimuli sanso fi serve as psychological triggers give individuals plus post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).<ref>Glad KA, Hafstad GS, Jensen TK, Dyb G (August 2017). "A longitudinal study of psychological distress and exposure to trauma reminders after terrorism". ''Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy''. '''9''' (Suppl 1): 145–152. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1037/tra0000224|10.1037/tra0000224]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27831737 27831737]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:24474520 24474520].</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/19961119081746/http://asa.aip.org/ Acoustical Society of America] * [http://www.noiseandhealth.org Noise and Health] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606094325/http://www.noiseandhealth.org/ |date=2007-06-06 }} International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health * [https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712063445/http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html |date=2018-07-12 }} * [http://www.icben.org/ ICBEN] International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise * [http://www.flixxy.com/how-sound-affects-us.htm How Sound Affects Us] (8:18)—[[TED (conference)|TED]] talk by [[Julian Treasure]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/buyquiet/default.html/ NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page] * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noise/ Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention] {{DEFAULTSORT:Health Effects From Noise}} [[Category:Health effects by subject|Noise]] [[Category:Noise pollution]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Acoustics]] aqp1j6dauzgd0y98x1bc0z2q0zb4c8v 0 29167 109045 108942 2026-08-04T17:50:39Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 109045 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Gemma Font Oliveras''' (Catalan pronunciation: &#x5B;ˈʒemːə ˈfon uliˈβeɾəs&#x5D;; born 23 October 1999) be a Spanish professional footballer wey komot Catalonia wey dey play as a goalkeeper give Liga F club [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]] den de Catalonia national team. == Personal life == Gemma Font be de older sisto of Meritxell Font, wey dey play as a goalkeeper give Barcelona B. == Club career == Font start ein career insyd [[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]] ein academy insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gemma |url=https://www.txapeldunak.com/cas/futbol_femenino/jugadora.asp?id=9629 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826213152/https://www.txapeldunak.com/cas/futbol_femenino/jugadora.asp?id=9629 |archive-date=26 August 2022 |accessdate=11 September 2021 |publisher=Txapeldunak}}</ref> Insyd June 2020, dey follow de 2019–20 season insyd wich she play 14 games give Barcelona B insyd de Segunda División, Font renew ein contract plus Barcelona til 2022. She spend de season dey alternate between training plus de first team den starting as goalkeeper give de B team.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 June 2020 |title=El Barça renueva a Gemma Font dos temporadas más |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/barca-renueva-gemma-font-dos-temporadas-mas-7993720 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220829203858/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/barca-renueva-gemma-font-dos-temporadas-mas-7993720 |archive-date=29 August 2022 |accessdate=11 September 2021 |work=[[Sport (Spanish newspaper)|Sport]] |language=Spanish}}</ref> On 20 January 2021, she make ein debut give Barcelona insyd a Primera División game against Rayo Vallecano. She enter de field as a substitute for Sandra Paños at half-time insyd a 7–0 victory for Barcelona.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 January 2021 |title=Gemma Font, tras su debut: "Es un sueño hecho realidad" |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20210121/491675415973/gemma-font-tras-su-debut-es-un-sueno-hecho-realidad.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221120211308/https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20210121/491675415973/gemma-font-tras-su-debut-es-un-sueno-hecho-realidad.html |archive-date=20 November 2022 |accessdate=11 September 2021 |work=[[Mundo Deportivo]] |language=Spanish}}</ref> On 6 June 2022, she sign a contract extension plus Barcelona til 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 June 2022 |title=Gemma Font renova fins al 2024 |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/futbol/femeni-a/noticies/2640510/gemma-font-renova-fins-al-2024 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929133215/https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/futbol/femeni-a/noticies/2640510/gemma-font-renova-fins-al-2024 |archive-date=29 September 2023 |accessdate=1 October 2022 |website=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=Catalan}}</ref> Na she get a larger role insyd de 2022–23 season, plus injuries to oda goalkeepers Paños den Cata Coll, Font return to be third choice insyd 2023–24. She play two competitive games, wey she keep a cleansheet insyd one.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tikas |first=Maria |date=2024-05-30 |title=El 1x1 de una temporada perfecta |url=https://www-sport-es.translate.goog/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/1x1-temporada-perfecta-103107077 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240707000153/https://www-sport-es.translate.goog/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/1x1-temporada-perfecta-103107077 |archive-date=7 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-07 |website=Diario Sport |language=es}}</ref> == International career == Na dem call Font up to de Spain under-23 team insyd 2021. ==Career statistics== ===Club=== {{updated|match played 8 September 2024}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Appearances den goals by club, season den competition |- !rowspan="2"|Club !rowspan="2"|Season !colspan="3"|League !colspan="2"|[[Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Copa de la Reina]] !colspan="2"|[[UEFA Women's Champions League|UWCL]] !colspan="2"|Oda !colspan="2"|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |rowspan="3"|[[FC Barcelona Femení B|Barcelona B]] |[[2019–20 Segunda División Pro (women)|2019–20]] |rowspan="2"|[[Primera Federación (women)|Segunda División Pro]] |14||0||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||14||0 |- |[[2020–21 Segunda División Pro (women)|2020–21]] |9||0||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||9||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !23!!0!!colspan="2"|—!!colspan="2"|—!!colspan="2"|—!!23!!0 |- | rowspan="6" |[[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]] |[[2020–21 Primera División (women)|2020–21]] | rowspan="2" |[[Primera División (women)|Primera División]] |4||0||0||0||1||0||0||0||5||0 |- |[[2021–22 FC Barcelona Femení season|2021–22]] |6||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||6||0 |- |[[2022–23 FC Barcelona Femení season|2022–23]] | rowspan="3" |Liga F |8||0||1||0||2||0||0||0||11||0 |- |[[2023–24 FC Barcelona Femení season|2023–24]] |2 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |4 |0 |- |[[2024–25 FC Barcelona Femení season|2024–25]] |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !21||0||2||0||4||0||0||0||27||0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !44!!0!!2!!0!!4!!0!!0!!0!!50!!0 |} ==Honours== '''Barcelona''' * [[Liga F]]: [[2019–20 Primera División (women)|2019–20]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 May 2020 |title=Iberdrola league champions 2019/20! |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1666453/iberdrola-league-champions-201920 |work=FC Barcelona |access-date=1 October 2022 |archive-date=15 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015143307/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1666453/iberdrola-league-champions-201920 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[2020–21 Primera División (women)|2020–21]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2134735/sixth-league-title-second-in-a-row-and-a-record |title=Sixth league title, second in a row and a record! |work=FC Barcelona |date=9 May 2021 |access-date=1 October 2022 |archive-date=15 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015140930/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2134735/sixth-league-title-second-in-a-row-and-a-record |url-status=live }}</ref> [[2021–22 Primera División (women)|2021–22]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/femenino-a/noticias/2529690/la-septima-liga-y-tercera-consecutiva/featured |title=¡La séptima Liga y tercera consecutiva! |language=Spanish |website=[[FC Barcelona]] |date=13 March 2022 |accessdate=1 October 2022 |archive-date=5 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221005063346/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/femenino-a/noticias/2529690/la-septima-liga-y-tercera-consecutiva/featured |url-status=live }}</ref> [[2022–23 Liga F|2022–23]], [[2023–24 Liga F|2023–24]], [[2024–25 Liga F|2024–25]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 May 2025 |title=10th Liga F title for Barça Women |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/4262849/10th-liga-f-title-for-barca-women |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250616004857/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/4262849/10th-liga-f-title-for-barca-women |archive-date=16 June 2025 |access-date=15 July 2025 |website=FC Barcelona |language=}}</ref> [[2025–26 Liga F|2025–26]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Marsden |first1=Sam |title=Barcelona win 7th straight Liga F title to further quadruple quest |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/48550618/barcelona-liga-f-champions-title-women-treble |website=espn.com |access-date=22 April 2026 |language=en |date=22 April 2026}}</ref> * [[Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Copa de la Reina]]: [[2019–20 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2019–20]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/2027556/womens-football-cup-winners-barca-3-0-edf-logrono/amp |title=Women's football: Cup winners! (Barça 3-0 EDF Logroño) |work=FC Barcelona |date=13 February 2021 |access-date=1 October 2022 |archive-date=15 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015140722/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/2027556/womens-football-cup-winners-barca-3-0-edf-logrono/amp |url-status=live }}</ref> [[2020–21 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2020–21]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/2163141/barca-women-4-2-levante-cup-champions |title=Barça Women 4-2 Levante: Cup champions! |website=[[FC Barcelona]] |date=31 May 2021 |access-date=1 October 2022 |archive-date=27 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231227001411/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/2163141/barca-women-4-2-levante-cup-champions |url-status=live }}</ref> [[2021–22 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2021–22]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/femenino-a/noticias/2636533/barca--sporting-huelva-campeonas-de-la-copa-de-la-reina-6-1 |title=Barça - Sporting Huelva: ¡Campeonas de la Copa de la Reina! (6-1) |website=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=Spanish |date=29 May 2022 |accessdate=1 October 2022 |archive-date=5 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221005142740/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/femenino-a/noticias/2636533/barca--sporting-huelva-campeonas-de-la-copa-de-la-reina-6-1 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[2023–24 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2023–24]], [[2024–25 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2024–25]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2025 |title=Barça 2-0 Atlético Madrid: Pina wins the crown for the queens of the cup |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/4280451/barca-2-0-atletico-madrid-pina-wins-the-crown-for-the-queens-of-the-cup |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250607222058/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/4280451/barca-2-0-atletico-madrid-pina-wins-the-crown-for-the-queens-of-the-cup |archive-date=7 June 2025 |access-date=17 July 2025 |website=FC Barcelona |language=}}</ref> [[2025–26 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2025–26]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Marsden |first1=Sam |title=Barcelona win Copa de la Reina, stay on track for quadruple |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/48794094/barcelona-win-copa-de-la-reina-stay-track-quadruple |website=espn.co.uk |access-date=17 May 2026 |language=en |date=17 May 2026}}</ref> * [[Supercopa de España Femenina]]: [[2019–20 Supercopa de España Femenina|2019–20]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 February 2020 |title=Real Sociedad 1-10 Barça Women: Super Cup Champions! |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1606145/real-sociedad-1-10-barca-women-super-cup-champions |work=FC Barcelona |access-date=1 October 2022 |archive-date=15 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015140736/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1606145/real-sociedad-1-10-barca-women-super-cup-champions |url-status=live }}</ref> [[2021–22 Supercopa de España Femenina|2021–22]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2460087/second-spanish-super-cup-winners-now-outright-leaders |title=Second Spanish Super Cup winners, now outright leaders |website=[[FC Barcelona]] |date=23 January 2022 |accessdate=1 October 2022 |archive-date=15 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015135857/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2460087/second-spanish-super-cup-winners-now-outright-leaders |url-status=live }}</ref> [[2022-23 Supercopa de España Femenina|2022–23]], [[2023–24 Supercopa de España Femenina|2023–24]] * [[Copa Catalunya (women's football)|Copa Catalunya]]: 2018, 2019 * [[UEFA Women's Champions League]]: [[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League|2020–21]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/news/0269-124ae310baea-93bc49bd8837-1000--chelsea-0-4-barcelona-barca-surge-to-first-women-s-champio/ |title=Chelsea 0-4 Barcelona: Barça surge to first Women's Champions League title |work=[[UEFA]] |date=16 May 2021 |access-date=1 October 2022 |archive-date=16 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516215401/https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/match/2030666--chelsea-vs-barcelona/postmatch/report/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/2146016/fc-barcelona-first-club-to-win-mens-and-womens-champions-league |title=FC Barcelona first club to win Men's and Women's Champions League |website=[[FC Barcelona]] |first=Josep Gabernet |last=López |date=17 May 2021 |access-date=1 October 2022 |archive-date=15 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015140635/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/2146016/fc-barcelona-first-club-to-win-mens-and-womens-champions-league |url-status=live }}</ref> [[2022-23 UEFA Women's Champions League|2022–23]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/noticies/3528777/barca-wolfsburg-campiones-deuropa-3-2|title=Barça – Wolfsburg: Campiones d’Europa! (3-2)|website=[[FC Barcelona]]|first=Roger|last=Boguñá|language=Catalan|accessdate=3 June 2023|archive-date=18 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018161039/https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/noticies/3528777/barca-wolfsburg-campiones-deuropa-3-2|url-status=live}}</ref> [[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League|2023–24]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2024 |title=Barcelona retains Women's Champions League title, completing historic quadruple |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/05/25/sport/barcelona-lyon-womens-champions-league-2024-spt-intl/index.html |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=[[CNN]] |archive-date=19 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719203631/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/05/25/sport/barcelona-lyon-womens-champions-league-2024-spt-intl/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> [[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League|2025–26]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rajan |first=Adwaidh |date=23 May 2026 |title=Barcelona 4–0 Lyonnes |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c2d2z06pypyt |access-date=24 May 2026 |website=BBC Sport |publisher=BBC}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/players/876322/gemma-font Gemma Font] at [[FC Barcelona (women)|FC Barcelona]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Font, Gemma}} [[Category:1999 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Women's association football goalkeepers]] [[Category:Spanish women's footballers]] [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení players]] [[Category:Footballers wey komot Barcelona]] [[Category:Liga F players]] [[Category:Segunda Federación (women) players]] [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení B players]] [[Category:Sportswomen wey komot Catalonia]] [[Category:21st-century Spanish sportswomen]] [[Category:Spain women's youth international footballers]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Champions League–winning players]] p1m4xkbpvrowuykhrtctj5u5bxwca3g 109046 109045 2026-08-04T17:55:04Z DaSupremo 9 /* External links */ Improve article 109046 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Gemma Font Oliveras''' (Catalan pronunciation: &#x5B;ˈʒemːə ˈfon uliˈβeɾəs&#x5D;; born 23 October 1999) be a Spanish professional footballer wey komot Catalonia wey dey play as a goalkeeper give Liga F club [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]] den de Catalonia national team. == Personal life == Gemma Font be de older sisto of Meritxell Font, wey dey play as a goalkeeper give Barcelona B. == Club career == Font start ein career insyd [[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]] ein academy insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gemma |url=https://www.txapeldunak.com/cas/futbol_femenino/jugadora.asp?id=9629 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826213152/https://www.txapeldunak.com/cas/futbol_femenino/jugadora.asp?id=9629 |archive-date=26 August 2022 |accessdate=11 September 2021 |publisher=Txapeldunak}}</ref> Insyd June 2020, dey follow de 2019–20 season insyd wich she play 14 games give Barcelona B insyd de Segunda División, Font renew ein contract plus Barcelona til 2022. She spend de season dey alternate between training plus de first team den starting as goalkeeper give de B team.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 June 2020 |title=El Barça renueva a Gemma Font dos temporadas más |url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/barca-renueva-gemma-font-dos-temporadas-mas-7993720 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220829203858/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/barca-renueva-gemma-font-dos-temporadas-mas-7993720 |archive-date=29 August 2022 |accessdate=11 September 2021 |work=[[Sport (Spanish newspaper)|Sport]] |language=Spanish}}</ref> On 20 January 2021, she make ein debut give Barcelona insyd a Primera División game against Rayo Vallecano. She enter de field as a substitute for Sandra Paños at half-time insyd a 7–0 victory for Barcelona.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 January 2021 |title=Gemma Font, tras su debut: "Es un sueño hecho realidad" |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20210121/491675415973/gemma-font-tras-su-debut-es-un-sueno-hecho-realidad.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221120211308/https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20210121/491675415973/gemma-font-tras-su-debut-es-un-sueno-hecho-realidad.html |archive-date=20 November 2022 |accessdate=11 September 2021 |work=[[Mundo Deportivo]] |language=Spanish}}</ref> On 6 June 2022, she sign a contract extension plus Barcelona til 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 June 2022 |title=Gemma Font renova fins al 2024 |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/futbol/femeni-a/noticies/2640510/gemma-font-renova-fins-al-2024 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929133215/https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/futbol/femeni-a/noticies/2640510/gemma-font-renova-fins-al-2024 |archive-date=29 September 2023 |accessdate=1 October 2022 |website=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=Catalan}}</ref> Na she get a larger role insyd de 2022–23 season, plus injuries to oda goalkeepers Paños den Cata Coll, Font return to be third choice insyd 2023–24. She play two competitive games, wey she keep a cleansheet insyd one.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tikas |first=Maria |date=2024-05-30 |title=El 1x1 de una temporada perfecta |url=https://www-sport-es.translate.goog/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/1x1-temporada-perfecta-103107077 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240707000153/https://www-sport-es.translate.goog/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/1x1-temporada-perfecta-103107077 |archive-date=7 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-07 |website=Diario Sport |language=es}}</ref> == International career == Na dem call Font up to de Spain under-23 team insyd 2021. ==Career statistics== ===Club=== {{updated|match played 8 September 2024}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Appearances den goals by club, season den competition |- !rowspan="2"|Club !rowspan="2"|Season !colspan="3"|League !colspan="2"|[[Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Copa de la Reina]] !colspan="2"|[[UEFA Women's Champions League|UWCL]] !colspan="2"|Oda !colspan="2"|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |rowspan="3"|[[FC Barcelona Femení B|Barcelona B]] |[[2019–20 Segunda División Pro (women)|2019–20]] |rowspan="2"|[[Primera Federación (women)|Segunda División Pro]] |14||0||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||14||0 |- |[[2020–21 Segunda División Pro (women)|2020–21]] |9||0||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||9||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !23!!0!!colspan="2"|—!!colspan="2"|—!!colspan="2"|—!!23!!0 |- | rowspan="6" |[[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]] |[[2020–21 Primera División (women)|2020–21]] | rowspan="2" |[[Primera División (women)|Primera División]] |4||0||0||0||1||0||0||0||5||0 |- |[[2021–22 FC Barcelona Femení season|2021–22]] |6||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||6||0 |- |[[2022–23 FC Barcelona Femení season|2022–23]] | rowspan="3" |Liga F |8||0||1||0||2||0||0||0||11||0 |- |[[2023–24 FC Barcelona Femení season|2023–24]] |2 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |4 |0 |- |[[2024–25 FC Barcelona Femení season|2024–25]] |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !21||0||2||0||4||0||0||0||27||0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !44!!0!!2!!0!!4!!0!!0!!0!!50!!0 |} ==Honours== '''Barcelona''' * [[Liga F]]: [[2019–20 Primera División (women)|2019–20]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 May 2020 |title=Iberdrola league champions 2019/20! |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1666453/iberdrola-league-champions-201920 |work=FC Barcelona |access-date=1 October 2022 |archive-date=15 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015143307/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1666453/iberdrola-league-champions-201920 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[2020–21 Primera División (women)|2020–21]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2134735/sixth-league-title-second-in-a-row-and-a-record |title=Sixth league title, second in a row and a record! |work=FC Barcelona |date=9 May 2021 |access-date=1 October 2022 |archive-date=15 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015140930/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2134735/sixth-league-title-second-in-a-row-and-a-record |url-status=live }}</ref> [[2021–22 Primera División (women)|2021–22]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/femenino-a/noticias/2529690/la-septima-liga-y-tercera-consecutiva/featured |title=¡La séptima Liga y tercera consecutiva! |language=Spanish |website=[[FC Barcelona]] |date=13 March 2022 |accessdate=1 October 2022 |archive-date=5 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221005063346/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/femenino-a/noticias/2529690/la-septima-liga-y-tercera-consecutiva/featured |url-status=live }}</ref> [[2022–23 Liga F|2022–23]], [[2023–24 Liga F|2023–24]], [[2024–25 Liga F|2024–25]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 May 2025 |title=10th Liga F title for Barça Women |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/4262849/10th-liga-f-title-for-barca-women |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250616004857/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/4262849/10th-liga-f-title-for-barca-women |archive-date=16 June 2025 |access-date=15 July 2025 |website=FC Barcelona |language=}}</ref> [[2025–26 Liga F|2025–26]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Marsden |first1=Sam |title=Barcelona win 7th straight Liga F title to further quadruple quest |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/48550618/barcelona-liga-f-champions-title-women-treble |website=espn.com |access-date=22 April 2026 |language=en |date=22 April 2026}}</ref> * [[Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Copa de la Reina]]: [[2019–20 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2019–20]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/2027556/womens-football-cup-winners-barca-3-0-edf-logrono/amp |title=Women's football: Cup winners! (Barça 3-0 EDF Logroño) |work=FC Barcelona |date=13 February 2021 |access-date=1 October 2022 |archive-date=15 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015140722/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/2027556/womens-football-cup-winners-barca-3-0-edf-logrono/amp |url-status=live }}</ref> [[2020–21 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2020–21]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/2163141/barca-women-4-2-levante-cup-champions |title=Barça Women 4-2 Levante: Cup champions! |website=[[FC Barcelona]] |date=31 May 2021 |access-date=1 October 2022 |archive-date=27 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231227001411/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/2163141/barca-women-4-2-levante-cup-champions |url-status=live }}</ref> [[2021–22 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2021–22]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/femenino-a/noticias/2636533/barca--sporting-huelva-campeonas-de-la-copa-de-la-reina-6-1 |title=Barça - Sporting Huelva: ¡Campeonas de la Copa de la Reina! (6-1) |website=[[FC Barcelona]] |language=Spanish |date=29 May 2022 |accessdate=1 October 2022 |archive-date=5 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221005142740/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/femenino-a/noticias/2636533/barca--sporting-huelva-campeonas-de-la-copa-de-la-reina-6-1 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[2023–24 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2023–24]], [[2024–25 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2024–25]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2025 |title=Barça 2-0 Atlético Madrid: Pina wins the crown for the queens of the cup |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/4280451/barca-2-0-atletico-madrid-pina-wins-the-crown-for-the-queens-of-the-cup |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250607222058/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/4280451/barca-2-0-atletico-madrid-pina-wins-the-crown-for-the-queens-of-the-cup |archive-date=7 June 2025 |access-date=17 July 2025 |website=FC Barcelona |language=}}</ref> [[2025–26 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2025–26]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Marsden |first1=Sam |title=Barcelona win Copa de la Reina, stay on track for quadruple |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/48794094/barcelona-win-copa-de-la-reina-stay-track-quadruple |website=espn.co.uk |access-date=17 May 2026 |language=en |date=17 May 2026}}</ref> * [[Supercopa de España Femenina]]: [[2019–20 Supercopa de España Femenina|2019–20]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 February 2020 |title=Real Sociedad 1-10 Barça Women: Super Cup Champions! |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1606145/real-sociedad-1-10-barca-women-super-cup-champions |work=FC Barcelona |access-date=1 October 2022 |archive-date=15 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015140736/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1606145/real-sociedad-1-10-barca-women-super-cup-champions |url-status=live }}</ref> [[2021–22 Supercopa de España Femenina|2021–22]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2460087/second-spanish-super-cup-winners-now-outright-leaders |title=Second Spanish Super Cup winners, now outright leaders |website=[[FC Barcelona]] |date=23 January 2022 |accessdate=1 October 2022 |archive-date=15 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015135857/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2460087/second-spanish-super-cup-winners-now-outright-leaders |url-status=live }}</ref> [[2022-23 Supercopa de España Femenina|2022–23]], [[2023–24 Supercopa de España Femenina|2023–24]] * [[Copa Catalunya (women's football)|Copa Catalunya]]: 2018, 2019 * [[UEFA Women's Champions League]]: [[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League|2020–21]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/news/0269-124ae310baea-93bc49bd8837-1000--chelsea-0-4-barcelona-barca-surge-to-first-women-s-champio/ |title=Chelsea 0-4 Barcelona: Barça surge to first Women's Champions League title |work=[[UEFA]] |date=16 May 2021 |access-date=1 October 2022 |archive-date=16 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516215401/https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/match/2030666--chelsea-vs-barcelona/postmatch/report/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/2146016/fc-barcelona-first-club-to-win-mens-and-womens-champions-league |title=FC Barcelona first club to win Men's and Women's Champions League |website=[[FC Barcelona]] |first=Josep Gabernet |last=López |date=17 May 2021 |access-date=1 October 2022 |archive-date=15 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015140635/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/2146016/fc-barcelona-first-club-to-win-mens-and-womens-champions-league |url-status=live }}</ref> [[2022-23 UEFA Women's Champions League|2022–23]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/noticies/3528777/barca-wolfsburg-campiones-deuropa-3-2|title=Barça – Wolfsburg: Campiones d’Europa! (3-2)|website=[[FC Barcelona]]|first=Roger|last=Boguñá|language=Catalan|accessdate=3 June 2023|archive-date=18 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018161039/https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/noticies/3528777/barca-wolfsburg-campiones-deuropa-3-2|url-status=live}}</ref> [[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League|2023–24]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2024 |title=Barcelona retains Women's Champions League title, completing historic quadruple |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/05/25/sport/barcelona-lyon-womens-champions-league-2024-spt-intl/index.html |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=[[CNN]] |archive-date=19 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719203631/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/05/25/sport/barcelona-lyon-womens-champions-league-2024-spt-intl/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> [[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League|2025–26]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rajan |first=Adwaidh |date=23 May 2026 |title=Barcelona 4–0 Lyonnes |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c2d2z06pypyt |access-date=24 May 2026 |website=BBC Sport |publisher=BBC}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/players/876322/gemma-font Gemma Font] at [[FC Barcelona (women)|FC Barcelona]] * [https://www.espn.com/soccer/player/_/id/295642/gemma-font Gemma Font] at ESPN FC * [https://fbref.com/en/players/099fcb44/Gemma-Font Gemma Font] at FBref.com {{DEFAULTSORT:Font, Gemma}} [[Category:1999 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Women's association football goalkeepers]] [[Category:Spanish women's footballers]] [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení players]] [[Category:Footballers wey komot Barcelona]] [[Category:Liga F players]] [[Category:Segunda Federación (women) players]] [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení B players]] [[Category:Sportswomen wey komot Catalonia]] [[Category:21st-century Spanish sportswomen]] [[Category:Spain women's youth international footballers]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Champions League–winning players]] cjezsusoce0o8c74yns2qcxpowtj1ew 0 29195 109028 108943 2026-08-04T14:41:15Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the section "International career" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1367106786|Laia Aleixandri]]" 109028 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Laia Aleixandri López''' (; born 25 August 2000) be a Spanish professional footballer wey dey play as centre-back anaa defensive midfielder give Liga F club [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]] den de Spain national team.<ref name="AS18">{{cite news|title=Laia Aleixandri, el muro de La Rojita|trans-title=Laia Aleixandri, the wall of La Rojita|url=https://as.com/futbol/2018/08/21/seleccion/1534883885_857180.html|access-date=25 October 2021|language=es|publisher=[[Diario AS]]|date=21 August 2018|archive-date=7 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207174926/https://as.com/futbol/2018/08/21/seleccion/1534883885_857180.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd January 2020, na dem name am by UEFA as one of de 10 most promising young players insyd Europe.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ten for the future: UEFA.com's women players to watch for 2020|url=https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/news/0264-1118ddb80d91-9edfaadd1b69-1000--ten-women-players-to-watch-for-2020/?iv=true|access-date=2 May 2021|publisher=[[UEFA]]|date=2 January 2020|archive-date=7 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207025809/https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/news/0264-1118ddb80d91-9edfaadd1b69-1000--ten-women-players-to-watch-for-2020/?iv=true|url-status=live}}</ref> == Club career == === Youth === Laia start dey play football wen na she be 4 years old.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roldán |first=Isabel |date=2015-03-23 |title=Laia Aleixandri, con 14 años, es la benjamina de la Sub-17 |url=https://as.com/futbol/2015/03/23/mas_futbol/1427134699_120723.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002041929/https://as.com/futbol/2015/03/23/mas_futbol/1427134699_120723.html |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Diario AS |language=es}}</ref> Between 2006 den 2008 she play give CE Arrabal Calaf insyd de youngest category. Insyd 2008 she start dey play at CE Sant Gabriel wer she stay for four years. She enter de youth ranks of FC Barcelona at de age of 11 wey she play for three seasons.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gil |first=Aimara G. |date=2018-08-21 |title=Laia Aleixandri, el muro de La Rojita |url=https://as.com/futbol/2018/08/21/seleccion/1534883885_857180.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207174926/https://as.com/futbol/2018/08/21/seleccion/1534883885_857180.html |archive-date=7 December 2022 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Diario AS |language=es}}</ref> === FC Barcelona "B" === Insyd de 2015–16 season, Laia join Barcelona B, wey she make ein debut insyd de Second Division at de age of 14 on de U17 team.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Plantilla Femenino B {{!}} Canal Oficial FC Barcelona |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/football/formatiu-femeni/femeni-b/jugadors |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322080513/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/football/formatiu-femeni/femeni-b/jugadors |archive-date=22 March 2024 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=www.fcbarcelona.es |language=es}}</ref> Na dem be proclaimed champion of dema group plus 72 points insyd 26 games.<ref>{{Cite web |title=El Femenino B, campeón de la Segunda División |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/1068332/el-femenino-b-campeon-de-la-segunda-division |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322080515/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/1068332/el-femenino-b-campeon-de-la-segunda-division |archive-date=22 March 2024 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=www.fcbarcelona.es |language=es}}</ref> Insyd de 2016–17 season, na she once again be part of de club ein B squad.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Notícies del Formatiu Femení {{!}} Canal Oficial FC Barcelona |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/futbol/formatiu-femeni/femeni-b/noticies |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322080512/https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/futbol/formatiu-femeni/femeni-b/noticies |archive-date=22 March 2024 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=www.fcbarcelona.cat |language=ca}}</ref> Dat season dem once san cam be champions of dema category plus 60 points.<ref>{{Cite web |title=El filial concluye otra gran temporada |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/femenino-a/noticias/764847/el-filial-concluye-otra-gran-temporada |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=www.fcbarcelona.es |language=es}}</ref> === Atlético Madrid === Laia sign give Atlético Madrid wey she make ein debut on 2 September 2017 insyd de First Division insyd an away match against Fundación Albacete, wey dem earn a 3–1 victory.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-09-02 |title=Club Atlético de Madrid - Laia, Ludmila, Carla, Kaci y Viola debutaron como rojiblancas |url=https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/laia-ludmila-carla-kaci-y-viola-debutaron-como-rojiblancas |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929152905/https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/laia-ludmila-carla-kaci-y-viola-debutaron-como-rojiblancas |archive-date=29 September 2023 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Club Atlético de Madrid |language=es-ES}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-07-10 |title=Club Atlético de Madrid - Laia Aleixandri, nuevo refuerzo del Atlético de Madrid Femenino |url=https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/laia-aleixandri-nuevo-refuerzo-del-atletico-de-madrid-femenino |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230524134329/https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/laia-aleixandri-nuevo-refuerzo-del-atletico-de-madrid-femenino |archive-date=24 May 2023 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Club Atlético de Madrid |language=es-ES}}</ref> On 25 April 2018, she suffer a fracture of de ulna den radius of ein right arm while playing plus de U20 national team.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-04-26 |title=Club Atlético de Madrid - Laia Aleixandri sufre una fractura de cúbito y radio |url=https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/laia-aleixandri-sufre-una-fractura-de-cubito-y-radio |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002041851/https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/laia-aleixandri-sufre-una-fractura-de-cubito-y-radio |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Club Atlético de Madrid |language=es-ES}}</ref> Laia play seven league games insyd de 2017–18 season wey she end up becoming champion of de League den runner-up insyd de national cup plus Atlético Madrid.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Confidencial |first=El |date=2018-05-13 |title=El Atlético de Madrid vuelve a sorprender al Barça y se lleva la liga femenina |url=https://www.elconfidencial.com/deportes/futbol/2018-05-13/atletico-de-madrid-feminas-campeon-liga-iberdrola_1563066/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002041929/https://www.elconfidencial.com/deportes/futbol/2018-05-13/atletico-de-madrid-feminas-campeon-liga-iberdrola_1563066/ |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=elconfidencial.com |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-06-02 |title=Fútbol Femenino: Mariona Caldentey da la Copa de la Reina al Barcelona con un gol en el último minuto |url=https://www.marca.com/futbol/futbol-femenino/2018/06/02/5b12aa32ca4741093a8b4647.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210929203158/https://www.marca.com/futbol/futbol-femenino/2018/06/02/5b12aa32ca4741093a8b4647.html |archive-date=29 September 2021 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Marca.com |language=es}}</ref> Laia play insyd de U-20 World Cup plus an outstanding performance, wey she establish einself as a starter insyd de 2018–19 season. On 4 November 2018, she score ein first goal plus Atlético against Levante wey na dem choose am Player of de Match.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-11-04 |title=Club Atlético de Madrid - Importante triunfo ante el Levante |url=https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/importante-triunfo-ante-el-levante |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002041852/https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/importante-triunfo-ante-el-levante |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Club Atlético de Madrid |language=es-ES}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=¿Quién fue la mejor jugadora de la jornada ocho de la Liga Iberdrola? |url=https://www.laliga.com/noticias/quien-fue-la-mejor-jugadora-de-la-jornada-ocho-de-la-liga-iberdrola |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322080511/https://www.laliga.com/noticias/quien-fue-la-mejor-jugadora-de-la-jornada-ocho-de-la-liga-iberdrola |archive-date=22 March 2024 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Página web oficial de LALIGA {{!}} LALIGA |language=es}}</ref> She continue to be a starter thru out de league season, wey she miss only one game secof injury den anoda secof suspension. Insyd May 2019, she achieve ein second League title.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Giovio|first=Eleonora|date=2019-05-06|title=El Atlético de Madrid Femenino gana su tercera Liga Iberdrola consecutiva|url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2019/05/05/actualidad/1557062473_440532.html|access-date=2024-03-22|work=El País|language=es|issn=1134-6582|archive-date=9 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409222009/https://elpais.com/deportes/2019/05/05/actualidad/1557062473_440532.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd de Copa de la Reina, she get a prominent role insyd de semi-finals wey she play insyd de final wer Atlético be runners-up to Real Sociedad.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-05-11 |title=La Real Sociedad hace historia con la conquista de la Copa de la Reina |url=https://www.marca.com/futbol/futbol-femenino/2019/05/11/5cd7083f268e3e667e8b459a.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240517055306/https://www.marca.com/futbol/futbol-femenino/2019/05/11/5cd7083f268e3e667e8b459a.html |archive-date=17 May 2024 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Marca.com |language=es}}</ref> During de 2019–20 season, she establish einself as a starter. She play 20 league games before na e be suspended secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic wey dem fini as runner-up insyd de league. Insyd de 2020–21 season, she debut as captain insyd November,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fernández |first=Andrés España |date=2020-11-09 |title=Laia Aleixandri, una capitana de futuro |url=https://www.atleticosport.es/2020/11/09/laia-aleixandri-una-capitana-de-futuro/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322080511/https://www.atleticosport.es/2020/11/09/laia-aleixandri-una-capitana-de-futuro/ |archive-date=22 March 2024 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Atletico Sport |language=es}}</ref> wey na dem name am fourth captain insyd December.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-23 |title=Club Atlético de Madrid - Amanda Sampedro, Meseguer, Menayo y Laia Aleixandri, capitanas para esta temporada |url=https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/amanda-sampedro-meseguer-menayo-y-laia-aleixandri-capitanas-para-esta-temporada |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230815223054/https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/amanda-sampedro-meseguer-menayo-y-laia-aleixandri-capitanas-para-esta-temporada |archive-date=15 August 2023 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Club Atlético de Madrid |language=es-ES}}</ref> Insyd December, she be included insyd de Football Draft Golden Eleven for ein performances during de season.<ref>{{Cite web |title=El Once de Oro Femenino, un equipo de muchos quilates |url=https://www.futboldraft.com/noticias/www.futboldraft.com/noticias/once-oro-femenino-equipo-muchos-quilates |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=www.futboldraft.com |language=es}}{{Dead link|date=April 2024|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> Insyd January 2021, she win de Super Cup wey na dem name am best player of de championship.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Laia Aleixandri, Mejor Jugadora de la Supercopa de España Iberdrola {{!}} www.rfef.es |url=https://rfef.es/es/noticias/laia-aleixandri-mejor-jugadora-supercopa-espana-iberdrola |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322080511/https://rfef.es/es/noticias/laia-aleixandri-mejor-jugadora-supercopa-espana-iberdrola |archive-date=22 March 2024 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Web oficial de la Real Federación Española de Fútbol. |language=es}}</ref> Then dem choose am best player of de month for February den March by de fans.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fútbol Mahou |url=https://twitter.com/futbolmahou/status/1370781705691295745 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322080511/https://twitter.com/futbolmahou/status/1370781705691295745 |archive-date=22 March 2024 |access-date=22 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd March 2021, de IFFHS include am insyd ein UEFA Under-20 Team of de Year 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=IFFHS |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/uefa-youth-woman-team-of-the-year-2020-u20-by-iffhs-1022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002235154/https://www.iffhs.com/posts/1022 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=www.iffhs.com}}</ref> Insyd de 2021–22 season, she score a double insyd de 5–0 victory over Rayo Vallecano.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-04 |title=Club Atlético de Madrid - Goleada en el estreno liguero |url=https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/cronica-femenino-rayo-femenino |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127122250/https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/cronica-femenino-rayo-femenino |archive-date=27 November 2024 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Club Atlético de Madrid |language=es-ES}}</ref> Insyd October 2021, dem choose am insyd de Golden Eleven of Football Draft.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pedri, Ferran Torres, Ansu Fati, Berta Pujadas, Athenea y Nerea Eizagirre, en los Onces de Oro de Futbol Draft 2020/2021 |url=https://www.futboldraft.com/noticias/www.futboldraft.com/noticias/premiados-futbol-draft-2020-2021 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=www.futboldraft.com |language=es}}{{Dead link|date=April 2024|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> A regular starter insyd de team, insyd January 2022 dem install ein commemorative plaque on de club ein legends walk, wich dey certify she play more dan 100 games give Atlético Madrid.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-28 |title=Club Atlético de Madrid - Aleixandri, Menayo, Ludmila y Lola Gallardo ya tienen su placa en el Wanda Metropolitano |url=https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/aleixandri-menayo-ludmila-y-lola-gallardo-ya-tienen-su-placa-en-el-wanda-metropolitano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230815223055/https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/aleixandri-menayo-ludmila-y-lola-gallardo-ya-tienen-su-placa-en-el-wanda-metropolitano |archive-date=15 August 2023 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Club Atlético de Madrid |language=es-ES}}</ref> === Manchester City === After anoda year she be a key pillar at Atlético Madrid, on 9 June 2022, both Laia den Manchester City announce she go join de club at de beginning of de 2022–23 season. Laia score insyd de 74th minute insyd de 1–0 win over Arsenal insyd de fifth round of de 2023–24 FA Cup, wey advance Manchester City to de quarterfinals.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Man City beat Arsenal to reach Women's FA Cup last eight|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/68257278|access-date=2024-03-23|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB|archive-date=23 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323232017/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/68257278|url-status=live}}</ref> Dem announce ein departure from de club dey follow de last game of de 2024–25 season on 10 May 2025.<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Emons|first1=Michael|title=Aleixandri to leave Man City on free transfer|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/articles/czelgrre5eyo|date=2025-05-10|access-date=2025-05-31|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB|archive-date=2025-05-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250511110702/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/articles/czelgrre5eyo|url-status=live}}</ref> == International career == === Youth === Plus de U-16 national team, na dem call Laia up to play insyd de UEFA Development Tournament on 9 February 2015. She be proclaimed champion of de tournament along plus ein teammates after beating Scotland, Germany, den Netherlands.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-11-11 |title=España, campeona del Torneo de Desarrollo de la UEFA {{!}} SEFutbol |url=http://www.sefutbol.com/espana-campeona-del-torneo-desarrollo-uefa |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181111173712/http://www.sefutbol.com/espana-campeona-del-torneo-desarrollo-uefa |archive-date=11 November 2018 |access-date=2024-03-23}}</ref> Laia debute plus de Spain U-17 team on 11 March 2015 at de age of 14 insyd Spain ein 1–0 victory over England insyd a friendly match, insyd wich she score de winning goal. On 22 March, she debut insyd an official match against Russia plus a three-zero victory, wey she score one of de goals. Dat summer, dem call am up for de U-17 European Championship wer she cam be champion by defeating Switzerland by 5–2 insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2015 UEFA European U-17 Championship |url=https://www.uefa.com/MultimediaFiles/Download/Publications/uefaorg/General/02/25/59/49/2255949_DOWNLOAD.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907123412/http://www.uefa.com/MultimediaFiles/Download/Publications/uefaorg/General/02/25/59/49/2255949_DOWNLOAD.pdf |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=23 March 2024}}</ref> Na dem choose Laia as part of de Best Team of de tournament. Insyd 2016, she san play insyd de U-17 European Championship wer Spain loose de final on penalties against Germany, wey dem san choose Laia insyd de team of de tournament. Dat same year, she play insyd de 2016 FIFA U-17 World Cup, wer Laia start insyd all de matches.<ref name="AS18">{{cite news|title=Laia Aleixandri, el muro de La Rojita|trans-title=Laia Aleixandri, the wall of La Rojita|url=https://as.com/futbol/2018/08/21/seleccion/1534883885_857180.html|access-date=25 October 2021|language=es|publisher=[[Diario AS]]|date=21 August 2018|archive-date=7 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207174926/https://as.com/futbol/2018/08/21/seleccion/1534883885_857180.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She score against New Zealand insyd de group stage wey na dem choose am Player of de Match. Na dem nominate am for de Golden Ball of de tournament, wey she make de Best Team of de tournament. Spain fini as runners-up. Insyd 2017, she play ein third U-17 European Championship, captaining de team wey dem loose on penalties insyd de final. Na Laia once again dey part of de tournament ein best team. Laia play a total of 34 games plus de U-17 national team wey she score 7 goals, wey she be de player wey play de most games insyd dis category.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-06-28 |title=Laia Aleixandri, talento del Barça, al Atlético |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/femenino/20170629/423753473527/laia-aleixandri-femenino-barca-atletico.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002041929/https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/femenino/20170629/423753473527/laia-aleixandri-femenino-barca-atletico.html |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=2024-03-23 |website=Mundo Deportivo |language=es}}</ref> On 5 September 2017, na dem call up Laia to de U-19 national team. Laia debut insyd dis category on 12 September 2017 insyd Florence against Italy insyd a match wey end plus a 2–2 draw. Dem call up Laia plus de U-20 national team to compete insyd de 2018 World Cup insyd France.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-06-13 |title=Club Atlético de Madrid - Misa, Menayo y Laia convocadas con España para el Mundial Sub-20 de Francia 2018 |url=https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/misa-menayo-y-laia-convocadas-con-espana-para-el-mundial-sub-20-de-francia-2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240919194443/https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/misa-menayo-y-laia-convocadas-con-espana-para-el-mundial-sub-20-de-francia-2018 |archive-date=19 September 2024 |access-date=2024-03-23 |website=Club Atlético de Madrid |language=es-ES}}</ref> She start as a substitute buh an injury to Ona Batlle insyd de first match wey allow am to play de rest of de games as a starter. N Spain ve runners-up insyd de world after dem loose 3–1 insyd de final against Japan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=¡Japón, campeona del mundo! (1-3) |url=https://inside.fifa.com/es/tournaments/womens/u20womensworldcup/france2018/news/origin1904-p.cxm.fifa.com/japon-campeona-del-mundo-1-3 |access-date=2024-03-23 |website=inside.fifa.com |language=es}}{{Dead link|date=December 2024|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> She participate as a starter insyd de qualification for de 2019 U-19 European Championship. She play all four matches insyd de finals insyd Scotland as a starter, wey she make ein debut against Belgium as captain of de team wey she score de team ein second goal by heading in a corner kick insyd a 2–1 victory. Insyd de second match dem beat England 1–0, plus wich dem qualify for de semi-final den for de 2020 U-20 World Cup. Insyd de third match, dem tie 0–0 against Germany, wey be second group by goal difference.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-07-23 |title=CRONICA {{!}} España suma un punto frente a Alemania (0-0) {{!}} SEFutbol |url=https://www.sefutbol.com/cronica-espana-suma-punto-frente-alemania-0-0 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723093704/https://www.sefutbol.com/cronica-espana-suma-punto-frente-alemania-0-0 |archive-date=23 July 2019 |access-date=2024-03-23}}</ref> === Senior === She debut plus de senior national team on 17 May 2019 insyd a friendly against Cameroon in preparation give de World Cup insyd France, insyd wich she score a goal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-07-07 |title=CRÓNICA {{!}} Embaladas hacia el Mundial (4-0) {{!}} SEFutbol |url=https://sefutbol.com/cronica-embaladas-mundial-4-0 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707115429/https://sefutbol.com/cronica-embaladas-mundial-4-0 |archive-date=7 July 2022 |access-date=2024-03-23}}</ref> On 27 November 2020, she play ein second match den ein first insyd official competition insyd de 10–0 victory over Moldova. Since then she be regularly called up as a replacement for de starting centre-backs, Mapi León den Irene Paredes. She start de first qualifying match for de 2023 World Cup against de Faroe Islands insyd wich she score de last goal of de match, wey conclude plus a result of 10–0.<ref>{{Cite web |last=UEFA.com |title=Islas Feroe-España {{!}} Mundial femenino 2023 |url=https://es.uefa.com/womensworldcup/match/2032314--faroe-islands-vs-spain/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323072929/https://es.uefa.com/womensworldcup/match/2032314--faroe-islands-vs-spain/ |archive-date=23 March 2024 |access-date=2024-03-23 |website=[[UEFA]] |language=es}}</ref> Na dem call am up to de first list of those dem select for de Euro 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-10 |title=OFICIAL {{!}} Esta es la primera lista de convocadas por la Selección española femenina con vistas a la EURO 2022 {{!}} SEFutbol |url=https://www.sefutbol.com/oficial-esta-es-primera-lista-convocadas-seleccion-espanola-femenina-vistas-euro-2022 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220610092453/https://www.sefutbol.com/oficial-esta-es-primera-lista-convocadas-seleccion-espanola-femenina-vistas-euro-2022 |archive-date=10 June 2022 |access-date=2024-03-23}}</ref> On 27 June, she be part of de final call to compete insyd de Euro.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-28 |title=OFICIAL {{!}} Esta es la lista de convocadas por la Selección española femenina para la EURO 2022 {{!}} SEFutbol |url=https://www.sefutbol.com/oficial-esta-es-lista-convocadas-seleccion-espanola-femenina-euro-2022 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220628211755/https://www.sefutbol.com/oficial-esta-es-lista-convocadas-seleccion-espanola-femenina-euro-2022 |archive-date=28 June 2022 |access-date=2024-03-23}}</ref> Insyd 2023, na she be part of ''Las 15'', a group of 15 players wey withdraw demaselves from de national team insyd a rift plus de national team coach Jorge Vilda.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Rob |title=15 Players from Spain's Women's National Team Resign in Protest Against Jorge Vilda |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/10049939-15-players-from-spains-womens-national-team-resign-in-protest-against-jorge-vilda |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230911112415/https://bleacherreport.com/articles/10049939-15-players-from-spains-womens-national-team-resign-in-protest-against-jorge-vilda |archive-date=11 September 2023 |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=Bleacher Report |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Explained: Spain women's team 'mutiny' & why players have resigned from national team {{!}} Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/explained-spain-womens-team-mutiny-why-players-resigned/blt64e6bb94121c2d5d |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230905180556/https://www.goal.com/en/news/explained-spain-womens-team-mutiny-why-players-resigned/blt64e6bb94121c2d5d |archive-date=5 September 2023 |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=www.goal.com}}</ref> On 10 June 2025, na dem call Aleixandri up to de Spain squad for de UEFA Euro 2025.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 June 2025 |title=OFFICIAL: Montse Tomé announces her squad for the European Championships in Switzerland |url=https://rfef.es/en/noticias/official-montse-tome-announces-her-squad-for-the-european-championships-in-switzerland |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250613113504/https://rfef.es/en/noticias/official-montse-tome-announces-her-squad-for-the-european-championships-in-switzerland |archive-date=13 June 2025 |access-date=13 June 2025 |website=[[Royal Spanish Football Federation|RFEF]]}}</ref> e5khs1l6npeq8li2amvmvtdfmhcoav8 109073 109028 2026-08-05T10:02:45Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 109073 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Laia Aleixandri López''' (Catalan: &#x5B;ˈlajə ələˈʃandɾi ˈlɔpəθ&#x5D;; born 25 August 2000) be a Spanish professional footballer wey dey play as centre-back anaa defensive midfielder give Liga F club [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]] den de Spain national team.<ref name="AS18">{{cite news|title=Laia Aleixandri, el muro de La Rojita|trans-title=Laia Aleixandri, the wall of La Rojita|url=https://as.com/futbol/2018/08/21/seleccion/1534883885_857180.html|access-date=25 October 2021|language=es|publisher=[[Diario AS]]|date=21 August 2018|archive-date=7 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207174926/https://as.com/futbol/2018/08/21/seleccion/1534883885_857180.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd January 2020, na dem name am by UEFA as one of de 10 most promising young players insyd Europe.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ten for the future: UEFA.com's women players to watch for 2020|url=https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/news/0264-1118ddb80d91-9edfaadd1b69-1000--ten-women-players-to-watch-for-2020/?iv=true|access-date=2 May 2021|publisher=[[UEFA]]|date=2 January 2020|archive-date=7 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207025809/https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/news/0264-1118ddb80d91-9edfaadd1b69-1000--ten-women-players-to-watch-for-2020/?iv=true|url-status=live}}</ref> == Club career == === Youth === Laia start dey play football wen na she be 4 years old.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roldán |first=Isabel |date=2015-03-23 |title=Laia Aleixandri, con 14 años, es la benjamina de la Sub-17 |url=https://as.com/futbol/2015/03/23/mas_futbol/1427134699_120723.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002041929/https://as.com/futbol/2015/03/23/mas_futbol/1427134699_120723.html |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Diario AS |language=es}}</ref> Between 2006 den 2008 she play give CE Arrabal Calaf insyd de youngest category. Insyd 2008 she start dey play at CE Sant Gabriel wer she stay for four years. She enter de youth ranks of FC Barcelona at de age of 11 wey she play for three seasons.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gil |first=Aimara G. |date=2018-08-21 |title=Laia Aleixandri, el muro de La Rojita |url=https://as.com/futbol/2018/08/21/seleccion/1534883885_857180.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207174926/https://as.com/futbol/2018/08/21/seleccion/1534883885_857180.html |archive-date=7 December 2022 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Diario AS |language=es}}</ref> === FC Barcelona "B" === Insyd de 2015–16 season, Laia join Barcelona B, wey she make ein debut insyd de Second Division at de age of 14 on de U17 team.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Plantilla Femenino B {{!}} Canal Oficial FC Barcelona |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/football/formatiu-femeni/femeni-b/jugadors |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322080513/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/football/formatiu-femeni/femeni-b/jugadors |archive-date=22 March 2024 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=www.fcbarcelona.es |language=es}}</ref> Na dem be proclaimed champion of dema group plus 72 points insyd 26 games.<ref>{{Cite web |title=El Femenino B, campeón de la Segunda División |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/1068332/el-femenino-b-campeon-de-la-segunda-division |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322080515/https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/1068332/el-femenino-b-campeon-de-la-segunda-division |archive-date=22 March 2024 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=www.fcbarcelona.es |language=es}}</ref> Insyd de 2016–17 season, na she once again be part of de club ein B squad.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Notícies del Formatiu Femení {{!}} Canal Oficial FC Barcelona |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/futbol/formatiu-femeni/femeni-b/noticies |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322080512/https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/futbol/formatiu-femeni/femeni-b/noticies |archive-date=22 March 2024 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=www.fcbarcelona.cat |language=ca}}</ref> Dat season dem once san cam be champions of dema category plus 60 points.<ref>{{Cite web |title=El filial concluye otra gran temporada |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/femenino-a/noticias/764847/el-filial-concluye-otra-gran-temporada |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=www.fcbarcelona.es |language=es}}</ref> === Atlético Madrid === Laia sign give Atlético Madrid wey she make ein debut on 2 September 2017 insyd de First Division insyd an away match against Fundación Albacete, wey dem earn a 3–1 victory.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-09-02 |title=Club Atlético de Madrid - Laia, Ludmila, Carla, Kaci y Viola debutaron como rojiblancas |url=https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/laia-ludmila-carla-kaci-y-viola-debutaron-como-rojiblancas |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929152905/https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/laia-ludmila-carla-kaci-y-viola-debutaron-como-rojiblancas |archive-date=29 September 2023 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Club Atlético de Madrid |language=es-ES}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-07-10 |title=Club Atlético de Madrid - Laia Aleixandri, nuevo refuerzo del Atlético de Madrid Femenino |url=https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/laia-aleixandri-nuevo-refuerzo-del-atletico-de-madrid-femenino |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230524134329/https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/laia-aleixandri-nuevo-refuerzo-del-atletico-de-madrid-femenino |archive-date=24 May 2023 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Club Atlético de Madrid |language=es-ES}}</ref> On 25 April 2018, she suffer a fracture of de ulna den radius of ein right arm while playing plus de U20 national team.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-04-26 |title=Club Atlético de Madrid - Laia Aleixandri sufre una fractura de cúbito y radio |url=https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/laia-aleixandri-sufre-una-fractura-de-cubito-y-radio |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002041851/https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/laia-aleixandri-sufre-una-fractura-de-cubito-y-radio |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Club Atlético de Madrid |language=es-ES}}</ref> Laia play seven league games insyd de 2017–18 season wey she end up becoming champion of de League den runner-up insyd de national cup plus Atlético Madrid.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Confidencial |first=El |date=2018-05-13 |title=El Atlético de Madrid vuelve a sorprender al Barça y se lleva la liga femenina |url=https://www.elconfidencial.com/deportes/futbol/2018-05-13/atletico-de-madrid-feminas-campeon-liga-iberdrola_1563066/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002041929/https://www.elconfidencial.com/deportes/futbol/2018-05-13/atletico-de-madrid-feminas-campeon-liga-iberdrola_1563066/ |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=elconfidencial.com |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-06-02 |title=Fútbol Femenino: Mariona Caldentey da la Copa de la Reina al Barcelona con un gol en el último minuto |url=https://www.marca.com/futbol/futbol-femenino/2018/06/02/5b12aa32ca4741093a8b4647.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210929203158/https://www.marca.com/futbol/futbol-femenino/2018/06/02/5b12aa32ca4741093a8b4647.html |archive-date=29 September 2021 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Marca.com |language=es}}</ref> Laia play insyd de U-20 World Cup plus an outstanding performance, wey she establish einself as a starter insyd de 2018–19 season. On 4 November 2018, she score ein first goal plus Atlético against Levante wey na dem choose am Player of de Match.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-11-04 |title=Club Atlético de Madrid - Importante triunfo ante el Levante |url=https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/importante-triunfo-ante-el-levante |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002041852/https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/importante-triunfo-ante-el-levante |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Club Atlético de Madrid |language=es-ES}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=¿Quién fue la mejor jugadora de la jornada ocho de la Liga Iberdrola? |url=https://www.laliga.com/noticias/quien-fue-la-mejor-jugadora-de-la-jornada-ocho-de-la-liga-iberdrola |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322080511/https://www.laliga.com/noticias/quien-fue-la-mejor-jugadora-de-la-jornada-ocho-de-la-liga-iberdrola |archive-date=22 March 2024 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Página web oficial de LALIGA {{!}} LALIGA |language=es}}</ref> She continue to be a starter thru out de league season, wey she miss only one game secof injury den anoda secof suspension. Insyd May 2019, she achieve ein second League title.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Giovio|first=Eleonora|date=2019-05-06|title=El Atlético de Madrid Femenino gana su tercera Liga Iberdrola consecutiva|url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2019/05/05/actualidad/1557062473_440532.html|access-date=2024-03-22|work=El País|language=es|issn=1134-6582|archive-date=9 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409222009/https://elpais.com/deportes/2019/05/05/actualidad/1557062473_440532.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd de Copa de la Reina, she get a prominent role insyd de semi-finals wey she play insyd de final wer Atlético be runners-up to Real Sociedad.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-05-11 |title=La Real Sociedad hace historia con la conquista de la Copa de la Reina |url=https://www.marca.com/futbol/futbol-femenino/2019/05/11/5cd7083f268e3e667e8b459a.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240517055306/https://www.marca.com/futbol/futbol-femenino/2019/05/11/5cd7083f268e3e667e8b459a.html |archive-date=17 May 2024 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Marca.com |language=es}}</ref> During de 2019–20 season, she establish einself as a starter. She play 20 league games before na e be suspended secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic wey dem fini as runner-up insyd de league. Insyd de 2020–21 season, she debut as captain insyd November,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fernández |first=Andrés España |date=2020-11-09 |title=Laia Aleixandri, una capitana de futuro |url=https://www.atleticosport.es/2020/11/09/laia-aleixandri-una-capitana-de-futuro/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322080511/https://www.atleticosport.es/2020/11/09/laia-aleixandri-una-capitana-de-futuro/ |archive-date=22 March 2024 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Atletico Sport |language=es}}</ref> wey na dem name am fourth captain insyd December.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-23 |title=Club Atlético de Madrid - Amanda Sampedro, Meseguer, Menayo y Laia Aleixandri, capitanas para esta temporada |url=https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/amanda-sampedro-meseguer-menayo-y-laia-aleixandri-capitanas-para-esta-temporada |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230815223054/https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/amanda-sampedro-meseguer-menayo-y-laia-aleixandri-capitanas-para-esta-temporada |archive-date=15 August 2023 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Club Atlético de Madrid |language=es-ES}}</ref> Insyd December, she be included insyd de Football Draft Golden Eleven for ein performances during de season.<ref>{{Cite web |title=El Once de Oro Femenino, un equipo de muchos quilates |url=https://www.futboldraft.com/noticias/www.futboldraft.com/noticias/once-oro-femenino-equipo-muchos-quilates |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=www.futboldraft.com |language=es}}</ref> Insyd January 2021, she win de Super Cup wey na dem name am best player of de championship.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Laia Aleixandri, Mejor Jugadora de la Supercopa de España Iberdrola {{!}} www.rfef.es |url=https://rfef.es/es/noticias/laia-aleixandri-mejor-jugadora-supercopa-espana-iberdrola |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322080511/https://rfef.es/es/noticias/laia-aleixandri-mejor-jugadora-supercopa-espana-iberdrola |archive-date=22 March 2024 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Web oficial de la Real Federación Española de Fútbol. |language=es}}</ref> Then dem choose am best player of de month for February den March by de fans.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fútbol Mahou |url=https://twitter.com/futbolmahou/status/1370781705691295745 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322080511/https://twitter.com/futbolmahou/status/1370781705691295745 |archive-date=22 March 2024 |access-date=22 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd March 2021, de IFFHS include am insyd ein UEFA Under-20 Team of de Year 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=IFFHS |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/uefa-youth-woman-team-of-the-year-2020-u20-by-iffhs-1022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002235154/https://www.iffhs.com/posts/1022 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=www.iffhs.com}}</ref> Insyd de 2021–22 season, she score a double insyd de 5–0 victory over Rayo Vallecano.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-04 |title=Club Atlético de Madrid - Goleada en el estreno liguero |url=https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/cronica-femenino-rayo-femenino |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127122250/https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/cronica-femenino-rayo-femenino |archive-date=27 November 2024 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Club Atlético de Madrid |language=es-ES}}</ref> Insyd October 2021, dem choose am insyd de Golden Eleven of Football Draft.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pedri, Ferran Torres, Ansu Fati, Berta Pujadas, Athenea y Nerea Eizagirre, en los Onces de Oro de Futbol Draft 2020/2021 |url=https://www.futboldraft.com/noticias/www.futboldraft.com/noticias/premiados-futbol-draft-2020-2021 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=www.futboldraft.com |language=es}}</ref> A regular starter insyd de team, insyd January 2022 dem install ein commemorative plaque on de club ein legends walk, wich dey certify she play more dan 100 games give Atlético Madrid.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-28 |title=Club Atlético de Madrid - Aleixandri, Menayo, Ludmila y Lola Gallardo ya tienen su placa en el Wanda Metropolitano |url=https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/aleixandri-menayo-ludmila-y-lola-gallardo-ya-tienen-su-placa-en-el-wanda-metropolitano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230815223055/https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/aleixandri-menayo-ludmila-y-lola-gallardo-ya-tienen-su-placa-en-el-wanda-metropolitano |archive-date=15 August 2023 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Club Atlético de Madrid |language=es-ES}}</ref> === Manchester City === After anoda year she be a key pillar at Atlético Madrid, on 9 June 2022, both Laia den Manchester City announce she go join de club at de beginning of de 2022–23 season. Laia score insyd de 74th minute insyd de 1–0 win over Arsenal insyd de fifth round of de 2023–24 FA Cup, wey advance Manchester City to de quarterfinals.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Man City beat Arsenal to reach Women's FA Cup last eight|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/68257278|access-date=2024-03-23|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB|archive-date=23 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323232017/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/68257278|url-status=live}}</ref> Dem announce ein departure from de club dey follow de last game of de 2024–25 season on 10 May 2025.<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Emons|first1=Michael|title=Aleixandri to leave Man City on free transfer|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/articles/czelgrre5eyo|date=2025-05-10|access-date=2025-05-31|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB|archive-date=2025-05-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250511110702/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/articles/czelgrre5eyo|url-status=live}}</ref> == International career == === Youth === Plus de U-16 national team, na dem call Laia up to play insyd de UEFA Development Tournament on 9 February 2015. She be proclaimed champion of de tournament along plus ein teammates after beating Scotland, Germany, den Netherlands.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-11-11 |title=España, campeona del Torneo de Desarrollo de la UEFA {{!}} SEFutbol |url=http://www.sefutbol.com/espana-campeona-del-torneo-desarrollo-uefa |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181111173712/http://www.sefutbol.com/espana-campeona-del-torneo-desarrollo-uefa |archive-date=11 November 2018 |access-date=2024-03-23}}</ref> Laia debute plus de Spain U-17 team on 11 March 2015 at de age of 14 insyd Spain ein 1–0 victory over England insyd a friendly match, insyd wich she score de winning goal. On 22 March, she debut insyd an official match against Russia plus a three-zero victory, wey she score one of de goals. Dat summer, dem call am up for de U-17 European Championship wer she cam be champion by defeating Switzerland by 5–2 insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2015 UEFA European U-17 Championship |url=https://www.uefa.com/MultimediaFiles/Download/Publications/uefaorg/General/02/25/59/49/2255949_DOWNLOAD.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907123412/http://www.uefa.com/MultimediaFiles/Download/Publications/uefaorg/General/02/25/59/49/2255949_DOWNLOAD.pdf |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=23 March 2024}}</ref> Na dem choose Laia as part of de Best Team of de tournament. Insyd 2016, she san play insyd de U-17 European Championship wer Spain loose de final on penalties against Germany, wey dem san choose Laia insyd de team of de tournament. Dat same year, she play insyd de 2016 FIFA U-17 World Cup, wer Laia start insyd all de matches.<ref name="AS18">{{cite news|title=Laia Aleixandri, el muro de La Rojita|trans-title=Laia Aleixandri, the wall of La Rojita|url=https://as.com/futbol/2018/08/21/seleccion/1534883885_857180.html|access-date=25 October 2021|language=es|publisher=[[Diario AS]]|date=21 August 2018|archive-date=7 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207174926/https://as.com/futbol/2018/08/21/seleccion/1534883885_857180.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She score against New Zealand insyd de group stage wey na dem choose am Player of de Match. Na dem nominate am for de Golden Ball of de tournament, wey she make de Best Team of de tournament. Spain fini as runners-up. Insyd 2017, she play ein third U-17 European Championship, captaining de team wey dem loose on penalties insyd de final. Na Laia once again dey part of de tournament ein best team. Laia play a total of 34 games plus de U-17 national team wey she score 7 goals, wey she be de player wey play de most games insyd dis category.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-06-28 |title=Laia Aleixandri, talento del Barça, al Atlético |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/femenino/20170629/423753473527/laia-aleixandri-femenino-barca-atletico.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002041929/https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/femenino/20170629/423753473527/laia-aleixandri-femenino-barca-atletico.html |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=2024-03-23 |website=Mundo Deportivo |language=es}}</ref> On 5 September 2017, na dem call up Laia to de U-19 national team. Laia debut insyd dis category on 12 September 2017 insyd Florence against Italy insyd a match wey end plus a 2–2 draw. Dem call up Laia plus de U-20 national team to compete insyd de 2018 World Cup insyd France.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-06-13 |title=Club Atlético de Madrid - Misa, Menayo y Laia convocadas con España para el Mundial Sub-20 de Francia 2018 |url=https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/misa-menayo-y-laia-convocadas-con-espana-para-el-mundial-sub-20-de-francia-2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240919194443/https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/noticias/misa-menayo-y-laia-convocadas-con-espana-para-el-mundial-sub-20-de-francia-2018 |archive-date=19 September 2024 |access-date=2024-03-23 |website=Club Atlético de Madrid |language=es-ES}}</ref> She start as a substitute buh an injury to Ona Batlle insyd de first match wey allow am to play de rest of de games as a starter. Na Spain be runners-up insyd de world after dem loose 3–1 insyd de final against Japan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=¡Japón, campeona del mundo! (1-3) |url=https://inside.fifa.com/es/tournaments/womens/u20womensworldcup/france2018/news/origin1904-p.cxm.fifa.com/japon-campeona-del-mundo-1-3 |access-date=2024-03-23 |website=inside.fifa.com |language=es}}</ref> She participate as a starter insyd de qualification for de 2019 U-19 European Championship. She play all four matches insyd de finals insyd Scotland as a starter, wey she make ein debut against Belgium as captain of de team wey she score de team ein second goal by heading in a corner kick insyd a 2–1 victory. Insyd de second match dem beat England 1–0, plus wich dem qualify for de semi-final den for de 2020 U-20 World Cup. Insyd de third match, dem tie 0–0 against Germany, wey be second group by goal difference.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-07-23 |title=CRONICA {{!}} España suma un punto frente a Alemania (0-0) {{!}} SEFutbol |url=https://www.sefutbol.com/cronica-espana-suma-punto-frente-alemania-0-0 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723093704/https://www.sefutbol.com/cronica-espana-suma-punto-frente-alemania-0-0 |archive-date=23 July 2019 |access-date=2024-03-23}}</ref> === Senior === She debut plus de senior national team on 17 May 2019 insyd a friendly against Cameroon in preparation give de World Cup insyd France, insyd wich she score a goal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-07-07 |title=CRÓNICA {{!}} Embaladas hacia el Mundial (4-0) {{!}} SEFutbol |url=https://sefutbol.com/cronica-embaladas-mundial-4-0 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707115429/https://sefutbol.com/cronica-embaladas-mundial-4-0 |archive-date=7 July 2022 |access-date=2024-03-23}}</ref> On 27 November 2020, she play ein second match den ein first insyd official competition insyd de 10–0 victory over Moldova. Since then she be regularly called up as a replacement for de starting centre-backs, Mapi León den Irene Paredes. She start de first qualifying match for de 2023 World Cup against de Faroe Islands insyd wich she score de last goal of de match, wey conclude plus a result of 10–0.<ref>{{Cite web |last=UEFA.com |title=Islas Feroe-España {{!}} Mundial femenino 2023 |url=https://es.uefa.com/womensworldcup/match/2032314--faroe-islands-vs-spain/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323072929/https://es.uefa.com/womensworldcup/match/2032314--faroe-islands-vs-spain/ |archive-date=23 March 2024 |access-date=2024-03-23 |website=[[UEFA]] |language=es}}</ref> Na dem call am up to de first list of those dem select for de Euro 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-10 |title=OFICIAL {{!}} Esta es la primera lista de convocadas por la Selección española femenina con vistas a la EURO 2022 {{!}} SEFutbol |url=https://www.sefutbol.com/oficial-esta-es-primera-lista-convocadas-seleccion-espanola-femenina-vistas-euro-2022 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220610092453/https://www.sefutbol.com/oficial-esta-es-primera-lista-convocadas-seleccion-espanola-femenina-vistas-euro-2022 |archive-date=10 June 2022 |access-date=2024-03-23}}</ref> On 27 June, she be part of de final call to compete insyd de Euro.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-28 |title=OFICIAL {{!}} Esta es la lista de convocadas por la Selección española femenina para la EURO 2022 {{!}} SEFutbol |url=https://www.sefutbol.com/oficial-esta-es-lista-convocadas-seleccion-espanola-femenina-euro-2022 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220628211755/https://www.sefutbol.com/oficial-esta-es-lista-convocadas-seleccion-espanola-femenina-euro-2022 |archive-date=28 June 2022 |access-date=2024-03-23}}</ref> Insyd 2023, na she be part of ''Las 15'', a group of 15 players wey withdraw demaselves from de national team insyd a rift plus de national team coach Jorge Vilda.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Rob |title=15 Players from Spain's Women's National Team Resign in Protest Against Jorge Vilda |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/10049939-15-players-from-spains-womens-national-team-resign-in-protest-against-jorge-vilda |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230911112415/https://bleacherreport.com/articles/10049939-15-players-from-spains-womens-national-team-resign-in-protest-against-jorge-vilda |archive-date=11 September 2023 |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=Bleacher Report |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Explained: Spain women's team 'mutiny' & why players have resigned from national team {{!}} Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/explained-spain-womens-team-mutiny-why-players-resigned/blt64e6bb94121c2d5d |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230905180556/https://www.goal.com/en/news/explained-spain-womens-team-mutiny-why-players-resigned/blt64e6bb94121c2d5d |archive-date=5 September 2023 |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=www.goal.com}}</ref> On 10 June 2025, na dem call Aleixandri up to de Spain squad for de UEFA Euro 2025.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 June 2025 |title=OFFICIAL: Montse Tomé announces her squad for the European Championships in Switzerland |url=https://rfef.es/en/noticias/official-montse-tome-announces-her-squad-for-the-european-championships-in-switzerland |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250613113504/https://rfef.es/en/noticias/official-montse-tome-announces-her-squad-for-the-european-championships-in-switzerland |archive-date=13 June 2025 |access-date=13 June 2025 |website=[[Royal Spanish Football Federation|RFEF]]}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Aleixandri, Laia}} [[Category:2000 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Footballers wey komot Santa Coloma de Gramenet]] [[Category:Sportswomen wey komot Catalonia]] [[Category:Spanish women's footballers]] [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení B players]] [[Category:Atlético Madrid Femenino players]] [[Category:Liga F players]] [[Category:Spain women's youth international footballers]] [[Category:Spain women's international footballers]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Euro 2022 players]] [[Category:Spanish expatriate women's footballers]] [[Category:Expatriate women's footballers insyd England]] [[Category:21st-century Spanish sportswomen]] [[Category:Spanish expatriate sportspeople insyd England]] [[Category:Women's Super League players]] [[Category:Catalonia women's international footballers]] [[Category:Footballers at de 2024 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:Olympic footballers for Spain]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Euro 2025 players]] [[Category:Women's association football central defenders]] [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení players]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Champions League–winning players]] p1t7o7ww1nmgous4y240ntqjvmqlna8 0 29196 109021 108916 2026-08-04T12:03:38Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the section "Career" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1362795201|Sydney Schertenleib]]" 109021 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sydney Joy Schertenleib''' (born 30 January 2007) be a Swiss footballer wey dey play as a midfielder give Liga F club [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]] den de Switzerland national team.<ref>{{Cite web |date=Jul 24, 2024 |title=Schweizer Top-Talent Sie ist 17 – und spielt jetzt beim besten Fussballclub der Welt |url=https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/sydney-schertenleib-die-schweizerin-geht-zum-fc-barcelona-784855414254 |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=Tages-Anzeiger}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=Jun 25, 2024 |title=Schweizer Fussball-News - Sydney Schertenleib wagt den Sprung nach Barcelona |url=https://www.srf.ch/sport/fussball/super-league/schweizer-fussball-news-sydney-schertenleib-wagt-den-sprung-nach-barcelona |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen (SRF)}}</ref> == Career == Schertenleib be a prodigy of de FC Zürich youth academy wich she join at de age of 10. She play der plus boys teams til de age of 15. Na ein breakthrough year be at dat age insyd 2022. Insyd May, she win de Blue Stars/FIFA Youth Cup (an international Under-19 club tournament) plus de FC Zürich girls team plus a win insyd de final against Olympique Lyonnais Féminin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-25 |title=Blue Stars/FIFA Youth Cup 2022 at a glance |url=https://publications.fifa.com/en/annual-report-2022/2022-at-a-glance/blue-stars-fifa-youth-cup-2022/ |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=FIFA |language=en}}</ref> Insyd August of de same year, she make ein first appearance insyd de FC Zürich U21 team insyd Nationalliga B (Swiss 2nd Division) against FC Wil, wey she score ein first goal right away.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sydney Schertenleib Player Profile |url=https://www.soccerdonna.de/de/sydney-schertenleib/leistungsdaten/spieler_72668.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Soccerdonna |language=de}}</ref> Insyd dis team, she play togeda plus ein older sisto Lillian. Sydney score more dan one goal per game for dis team insyd dis season den Lillian almost two goals per game insyd average.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lillian Schertenleib Player Profile |url=https://www.soccerdonna.de/de/lillian-schertenleib/leistungsdaten/spieler_73284.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Soccerdonna |language=de}}</ref> On 1 October of de same year, Sydney make ein first appearance insyd de Swiss Women's Super League for FC Zürich, wey she score ein first goal insyd de same game as well. Insyd de same month, na dem deny FC Zürich coach Inka Grings by a UEFA rule to field Schertenleib insyd de UEFA Champions League group stage secof ein year of birth 2007, she be deemed too young.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2022 |title="Haben interessanten Plan" / Champions League FCZ Frauen – Juventus Vorschau mit Interviews |url=https://www.zuerilive.ch/2022/10/haben-interessanten-plan-champions-league-fcz-frauen-juventus-vorschau-mit-interviews/ |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Züri Live |language=de}}</ref> Insyd May 2023, she win de Swiss championship plus Zürich after winning insyd de playoff-final against Servette.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2023 |title=FCZ-Frauen stemmen den Meisterpokal erneut in die Höhe |url=https://www.blick.ch/sport/fussball/frauen-fussball/womens-super-league/final-der-womens-super-league-im-ticker-servette-oder-fcz-showdown-um-den-meistertitel-id18630662.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Blick |language=de}}</ref> Aged 16, she join city rival Grasshopper Zurich insyd de summer of 2023. As Grasshoppers in contrast to title contender na FC Zürich be at dat moment a mid-table team insyd de Swiss Women's Super League, she get a higher probability of being fielded insyd de starting line-up insyd every game despite ein young age. Insyd de 2023–24 season, she reach de playoff quarter-finals plus Grasshoppers, wer dem loose to BSC Young Boys. After just one season at Grasshoppers, Schertenleib move go Spain wey she agree to an offer of [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-25 |title=Exciting News: Sydney Schertenleib joins Barça women's team! |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/us/en/soccer/20240625/693499/exciting-news-sydney-schertenleib-joins-barca-women-s-team-nrt.html |access-date=2024-11-07 |website=Mundo Deportivo USA |language=en}}</ref> She make ein first appearance give Barcelona B insyd Primera Federación (2nd Division) on 7 September at Villarreal. Only one week later, na she already be called up for de first team of FC Barcelona insyd a Liga F game wer na she be first time fielded on 2 November insyd a game against Eibar. Soon after, na dem nominate Schertenleib for de Golden Girl Award of de ten best young talents worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-25 |title=These super talents are the envy of Europe |url=https://www.bluewin.ch/en/sport/football/these-super-talents-are-the-envy-of-europe-2419901.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Bluewin |language=en}}</ref> On 15 November 2025, she score ein first goal insyd ''el Clásico,'' at de Montjuïc Stadium in front of 36,276 people.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barcelona 4-0 Real Madrid (Nov 15, 2025) Commentary |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/commentary/_/gameId/749070 |access-date=2026-04-06 |website=ESPN |language=en}}</ref> Insyd 2025, na dem rank Schertenleib third insyd ''Goal'' ein NXGN list of de 25 best teenage wonderkids insyd women’s football.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruszkai |first=Ameé |date=2025-03-18 |title=NXGN 2025: The 25 best teenage wonderkids in women's football |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/lists/nxgn-2025-best-teenage-wonderkids-womens-football/blt231db7e38d1c96be |access-date=2026-07-06 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> De following year insyd 2026, dem rank am she first insyd ''Goal'' ein NXGN list of de 25 best teenage wonderkids insyd women’s football.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruszkai |first=Ameé |date=2026-03-24 |title=NXGN 2026: The 25 best teenage wonderkids in women's football |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/lists/nxgn-2026-best-teenage-wonderkids-womens-football/bltf26eb1e39936a135 |access-date=2026-07-06 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> l4obdpmuw9j5ignr4gltlfe7ubgnvf1 109026 109021 2026-08-04T12:37:56Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the section "International career" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1362795201|Sydney Schertenleib]]" 109026 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sydney Joy Schertenleib''' (born 30 January 2007) be a Swiss footballer wey dey play as a midfielder give Liga F club [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]] den de Switzerland national team.<ref>{{Cite web |date=Jul 24, 2024 |title=Schweizer Top-Talent Sie ist 17 – und spielt jetzt beim besten Fussballclub der Welt |url=https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/sydney-schertenleib-die-schweizerin-geht-zum-fc-barcelona-784855414254 |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=Tages-Anzeiger}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=Jun 25, 2024 |title=Schweizer Fussball-News - Sydney Schertenleib wagt den Sprung nach Barcelona |url=https://www.srf.ch/sport/fussball/super-league/schweizer-fussball-news-sydney-schertenleib-wagt-den-sprung-nach-barcelona |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen (SRF)}}</ref> == Career == Schertenleib be a prodigy of de FC Zürich youth academy wich she join at de age of 10. She play der plus boys teams til de age of 15. Na ein breakthrough year be at dat age insyd 2022. Insyd May, she win de Blue Stars/FIFA Youth Cup (an international Under-19 club tournament) plus de FC Zürich girls team plus a win insyd de final against Olympique Lyonnais Féminin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-25 |title=Blue Stars/FIFA Youth Cup 2022 at a glance |url=https://publications.fifa.com/en/annual-report-2022/2022-at-a-glance/blue-stars-fifa-youth-cup-2022/ |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=FIFA |language=en}}</ref> Insyd August of de same year, she make ein first appearance insyd de FC Zürich U21 team insyd Nationalliga B (Swiss 2nd Division) against FC Wil, wey she score ein first goal right away.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sydney Schertenleib Player Profile |url=https://www.soccerdonna.de/de/sydney-schertenleib/leistungsdaten/spieler_72668.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Soccerdonna |language=de}}</ref> Insyd dis team, she play togeda plus ein older sisto Lillian. Sydney score more dan one goal per game for dis team insyd dis season den Lillian almost two goals per game insyd average.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lillian Schertenleib Player Profile |url=https://www.soccerdonna.de/de/lillian-schertenleib/leistungsdaten/spieler_73284.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Soccerdonna |language=de}}</ref> On 1 October of de same year, Sydney make ein first appearance insyd de Swiss Women's Super League for FC Zürich, wey she score ein first goal insyd de same game as well. Insyd de same month, na dem deny FC Zürich coach Inka Grings by a UEFA rule to field Schertenleib insyd de UEFA Champions League group stage secof ein year of birth 2007, she be deemed too young.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2022 |title="Haben interessanten Plan" / Champions League FCZ Frauen – Juventus Vorschau mit Interviews |url=https://www.zuerilive.ch/2022/10/haben-interessanten-plan-champions-league-fcz-frauen-juventus-vorschau-mit-interviews/ |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Züri Live |language=de}}</ref> Insyd May 2023, she win de Swiss championship plus Zürich after winning insyd de playoff-final against Servette.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2023 |title=FCZ-Frauen stemmen den Meisterpokal erneut in die Höhe |url=https://www.blick.ch/sport/fussball/frauen-fussball/womens-super-league/final-der-womens-super-league-im-ticker-servette-oder-fcz-showdown-um-den-meistertitel-id18630662.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Blick |language=de}}</ref> Aged 16, she join city rival Grasshopper Zurich insyd de summer of 2023. As Grasshoppers in contrast to title contender na FC Zürich be at dat moment a mid-table team insyd de Swiss Women's Super League, she get a higher probability of being fielded insyd de starting line-up insyd every game despite ein young age. Insyd de 2023–24 season, she reach de playoff quarter-finals plus Grasshoppers, wer dem loose to BSC Young Boys. After just one season at Grasshoppers, Schertenleib move go Spain wey she agree to an offer of [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-25 |title=Exciting News: Sydney Schertenleib joins Barça women's team! |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/us/en/soccer/20240625/693499/exciting-news-sydney-schertenleib-joins-barca-women-s-team-nrt.html |access-date=2024-11-07 |website=Mundo Deportivo USA |language=en}}</ref> She make ein first appearance give Barcelona B insyd Primera Federación (2nd Division) on 7 September at Villarreal. Only one week later, na she already be called up for de first team of FC Barcelona insyd a Liga F game wer na she be first time fielded on 2 November insyd a game against Eibar. Soon after, na dem nominate Schertenleib for de Golden Girl Award of de ten best young talents worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-25 |title=These super talents are the envy of Europe |url=https://www.bluewin.ch/en/sport/football/these-super-talents-are-the-envy-of-europe-2419901.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Bluewin |language=en}}</ref> On 15 November 2025, she score ein first goal insyd ''el Clásico,'' at de Montjuïc Stadium in front of 36,276 people.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barcelona 4-0 Real Madrid (Nov 15, 2025) Commentary |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/commentary/_/gameId/749070 |access-date=2026-04-06 |website=ESPN |language=en}}</ref> Insyd 2025, na dem rank Schertenleib third insyd ''Goal'' ein NXGN list of de 25 best teenage wonderkids insyd women’s football.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruszkai |first=Ameé |date=2025-03-18 |title=NXGN 2025: The 25 best teenage wonderkids in women's football |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/lists/nxgn-2025-best-teenage-wonderkids-womens-football/blt231db7e38d1c96be |access-date=2026-07-06 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> De following year insyd 2026, dem rank am she first insyd ''Goal'' ein NXGN list of de 25 best teenage wonderkids insyd women’s football.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruszkai |first=Ameé |date=2026-03-24 |title=NXGN 2026: The 25 best teenage wonderkids in women's football |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/lists/nxgn-2026-best-teenage-wonderkids-womens-football/bltf26eb1e39936a135 |access-date=2026-07-06 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == International career == Dem born Schertenleib insyd Switzerland to a Swiss poppie den American mommie, wey she dey hold dual citizenship.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Die Fussball-Nati der Frauen macht die Schweiz stolz |url=https://www.schweizer-illustrierte.ch/people/swiss-stars/die-fussball-nati-der-frauen-macht-die-schweiz-stolz-841353 |website=Schweizer Illustrierte}}</ref> She represent Switzerland at youth den senior level.<ref>{{Cite web |date=Feb 23, 2024 |title=Die nächste Generation glänzt und schiesst die Schweiz zum Sieg |url=https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/ueberzeugender-auftakt-die-naechste-generation-glaenzt-und-schiesst-die-schweiz-zum-sieg-972949101510 |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=Tages-Anzeiger}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=Oct 22, 2024 |title=Fussballerin Sydney Schertenleib: Nach dem grossen Wechsel – so geht es dem Schweizer Supertalent in Barcelona |url=https://www.bernerzeitung.ch/sydney-schertenleib-so-geht-es-der-schweizerin-in-barcelona-560420821902 |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=[[Berner Zeitung]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-11 |title=Von der FCZ-Bank über GC zum grössten Klub der Welt |url=https://www.blick.ch/sport/fussball/frauen-fussball/frauen-nati/nati-supertalent-sydney-schertenleib-17-von-der-fcz-bank-ueber-gc-zum-groessten-klub-der-welt-id19933664.html |website=www.blick.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-16 |title=Rekordweltmeister USA schielen auf unser Nati-Juwel |url=https://www.blick.ch/sport/fussball/frauen-fussball/womens-super-league/gc-hoffnung-schertenleib-rekordweltmeister-usa-schielen-auf-unser-nati-juwel-id19541768.html |website=www.blick.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Grosse Zukunftshoffnung wird zur sechsten Schweizer Person, die für Barça auflaufen durfte |url=https://sport.ch/fc-barcelona/1372832/grosse-zukunftshoffnung-wird-zur-sechsten-schweizer-person-die-fuer-bara-auflaufen-durfte |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024}}</ref> Insyd May 2023, Schertenleib reach de 2023 UEFA Under-17 Championship semi-finals insyd Estonia plus Switzerland under-17s. Insyd February 2024, one month after turning 17, she make ein first appearance for de Switzerland national team insyd a friendly against Poland. Insyd July of de same year, she score ein first goal give de national team against Turkey. On 23 June 2025, dem call Schertenleib up to de Switzerland squad for de UEFA Euro 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 2025 |title=Frauen-Nationalteam: Das Kader für die UEFA Women's EURO 2025 steht fest |url=https://www.football.ch/sfv/nationalteams/a-team-frauen/UWNL/news/frauen-nationalteam-das-kader-fuer-die-uefa-women-s-euro-2025-steht-fest.aspx |publisher=[[Swiss Football Association]] |lang=de}}</ref> 0a633f7lpdpdo7b30djfthdqoi2w2so 109061 109026 2026-08-04T23:18:08Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 109061 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sydney Joy Schertenleib''' (born 30 January 2007) be a Swiss footballer wey dey play as a midfielder give Liga F club [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]] den de Switzerland national team.<ref>{{Cite web |date=Jul 24, 2024 |title=Schweizer Top-Talent Sie ist 17 – und spielt jetzt beim besten Fussballclub der Welt |url=https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/sydney-schertenleib-die-schweizerin-geht-zum-fc-barcelona-784855414254 |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=Tages-Anzeiger}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=Jun 25, 2024 |title=Schweizer Fussball-News - Sydney Schertenleib wagt den Sprung nach Barcelona |url=https://www.srf.ch/sport/fussball/super-league/schweizer-fussball-news-sydney-schertenleib-wagt-den-sprung-nach-barcelona |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen (SRF)}}</ref> == Career == Schertenleib be a prodigy of de FC Zürich youth academy wich she join at de age of 10. She play der plus boys teams til de age of 15. Na ein breakthrough year be at dat age insyd 2022. Insyd May, she win de Blue Stars/FIFA Youth Cup (an international Under-19 club tournament) plus de FC Zürich girls team plus a win insyd de final against Olympique Lyonnais Féminin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-25 |title=Blue Stars/FIFA Youth Cup 2022 at a glance |url=https://publications.fifa.com/en/annual-report-2022/2022-at-a-glance/blue-stars-fifa-youth-cup-2022/ |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=FIFA |language=en}}</ref> Insyd August of de same year, she make ein first appearance insyd de FC Zürich U21 team insyd Nationalliga B (Swiss 2nd Division) against FC Wil, wey she score ein first goal right away.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sydney Schertenleib Player Profile |url=https://www.soccerdonna.de/de/sydney-schertenleib/leistungsdaten/spieler_72668.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Soccerdonna |language=de}}</ref> Insyd dis team, she play togeda plus ein older sisto Lillian. Sydney score more dan one goal per game for dis team insyd dis season den Lillian almost two goals per game insyd average.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lillian Schertenleib Player Profile |url=https://www.soccerdonna.de/de/lillian-schertenleib/leistungsdaten/spieler_73284.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Soccerdonna |language=de}}</ref> On 1 October of de same year, Sydney make ein first appearance insyd de Swiss Women's Super League for FC Zürich, wey she score ein first goal insyd de same game as well. Insyd de same month, na dem deny FC Zürich coach Inka Grings by a UEFA rule to field Schertenleib insyd de UEFA Champions League group stage secof ein year of birth 2007, she be deemed too young.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2022 |title="Haben interessanten Plan" / Champions League FCZ Frauen – Juventus Vorschau mit Interviews |url=https://www.zuerilive.ch/2022/10/haben-interessanten-plan-champions-league-fcz-frauen-juventus-vorschau-mit-interviews/ |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Züri Live |language=de}}</ref> Insyd May 2023, she win de Swiss championship plus Zürich after winning insyd de playoff-final against Servette.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2023 |title=FCZ-Frauen stemmen den Meisterpokal erneut in die Höhe |url=https://www.blick.ch/sport/fussball/frauen-fussball/womens-super-league/final-der-womens-super-league-im-ticker-servette-oder-fcz-showdown-um-den-meistertitel-id18630662.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Blick |language=de}}</ref> Aged 16, she join city rival Grasshopper Zurich insyd de summer of 2023. As Grasshoppers in contrast to title contender na FC Zürich be at dat moment a mid-table team insyd de Swiss Women's Super League, she get a higher probability of being fielded insyd de starting line-up insyd every game despite ein young age. Insyd de 2023–24 season, she reach de playoff quarter-finals plus Grasshoppers, wer dem loose to BSC Young Boys. After just one season at Grasshoppers, Schertenleib move go Spain wey she agree to an offer of [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-25 |title=Exciting News: Sydney Schertenleib joins Barça women's team! |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/us/en/soccer/20240625/693499/exciting-news-sydney-schertenleib-joins-barca-women-s-team-nrt.html |access-date=2024-11-07 |website=Mundo Deportivo USA |language=en}}</ref> She make ein first appearance give Barcelona B insyd Primera Federación (2nd Division) on 7 September at Villarreal. Only one week later, na she already be called up for de first team of FC Barcelona insyd a Liga F game wer na she be first time fielded on 2 November insyd a game against Eibar. Soon after, na dem nominate Schertenleib for de Golden Girl Award of de ten best young talents worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-25 |title=These super talents are the envy of Europe |url=https://www.bluewin.ch/en/sport/football/these-super-talents-are-the-envy-of-europe-2419901.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Bluewin |language=en}}</ref> On 15 November 2025, she score ein first goal insyd ''el Clásico,'' at de Montjuïc Stadium in front of 36,276 people.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barcelona 4-0 Real Madrid (Nov 15, 2025) Commentary |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/commentary/_/gameId/749070 |access-date=2026-04-06 |website=ESPN |language=en}}</ref> Insyd 2025, na dem rank Schertenleib third insyd ''Goal'' ein NXGN list of de 25 best teenage wonderkids insyd women’s football.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruszkai |first=Ameé |date=2025-03-18 |title=NXGN 2025: The 25 best teenage wonderkids in women's football |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/lists/nxgn-2025-best-teenage-wonderkids-womens-football/blt231db7e38d1c96be |access-date=2026-07-06 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> De following year insyd 2026, dem rank am she first insyd ''Goal'' ein NXGN list of de 25 best teenage wonderkids insyd women’s football.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruszkai |first=Ameé |date=2026-03-24 |title=NXGN 2026: The 25 best teenage wonderkids in women's football |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/lists/nxgn-2026-best-teenage-wonderkids-womens-football/bltf26eb1e39936a135 |access-date=2026-07-06 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == International career == Dem born Schertenleib insyd Switzerland to a Swiss poppie den American mommie, wey she dey hold dual citizenship.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Die Fussball-Nati der Frauen macht die Schweiz stolz |url=https://www.schweizer-illustrierte.ch/people/swiss-stars/die-fussball-nati-der-frauen-macht-die-schweiz-stolz-841353 |website=Schweizer Illustrierte}}</ref> She represent Switzerland at youth den senior level.<ref>{{Cite web |date=Feb 23, 2024 |title=Die nächste Generation glänzt und schiesst die Schweiz zum Sieg |url=https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/ueberzeugender-auftakt-die-naechste-generation-glaenzt-und-schiesst-die-schweiz-zum-sieg-972949101510 |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=Tages-Anzeiger}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=Oct 22, 2024 |title=Fussballerin Sydney Schertenleib: Nach dem grossen Wechsel – so geht es dem Schweizer Supertalent in Barcelona |url=https://www.bernerzeitung.ch/sydney-schertenleib-so-geht-es-der-schweizerin-in-barcelona-560420821902 |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=[[Berner Zeitung]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-11 |title=Von der FCZ-Bank über GC zum grössten Klub der Welt |url=https://www.blick.ch/sport/fussball/frauen-fussball/frauen-nati/nati-supertalent-sydney-schertenleib-17-von-der-fcz-bank-ueber-gc-zum-groessten-klub-der-welt-id19933664.html |website=www.blick.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-16 |title=Rekordweltmeister USA schielen auf unser Nati-Juwel |url=https://www.blick.ch/sport/fussball/frauen-fussball/womens-super-league/gc-hoffnung-schertenleib-rekordweltmeister-usa-schielen-auf-unser-nati-juwel-id19541768.html |website=www.blick.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Grosse Zukunftshoffnung wird zur sechsten Schweizer Person, die für Barça auflaufen durfte |url=https://sport.ch/fc-barcelona/1372832/grosse-zukunftshoffnung-wird-zur-sechsten-schweizer-person-die-fuer-bara-auflaufen-durfte |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024}}</ref> Insyd May 2023, Schertenleib reach de 2023 UEFA Under-17 Championship semi-finals insyd Estonia plus Switzerland under-17s. Insyd February 2024, one month after turning 17, she make ein first appearance for de Switzerland national team insyd a friendly against Poland. Insyd July of de same year, she score ein first goal give de national team against Turkey. On 23 June 2025, dem call Schertenleib up to de Switzerland squad for de UEFA Euro 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 2025 |title=Frauen-Nationalteam: Das Kader für die UEFA Women's EURO 2025 steht fest |url=https://www.football.ch/sfv/nationalteams/a-team-frauen/UWNL/news/frauen-nationalteam-das-kader-fuer-die-uefa-women-s-euro-2025-steht-fest.aspx |publisher=[[Swiss Football Association]] |lang=de}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Schertenleib, Sydney}} [[Category:2007 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Swiss people of African-American descent]] [[Category:Sportspeople of American descent]] [[Category:Footballers wey komot Zurich]] [[Category:Swiss women's footballers]] [[Category:Women's association football midfielders]] [[Category:FC Zürich Frauen players]] [[Category:Grasshopper Club Zurich (women) players]] [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení B players]] [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení players]] [[Category:Women's Super League (Switzerland) players]] [[Category:Primera Federación (women) players]] [[Category:Liga F players]] [[Category:Switzerland women's youth international footballers]] [[Category:Switzerland women's international footballers]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Euro 2025 players]] [[Category:Swiss expatriate women's footballers]] [[Category:Swiss expatriate sportspeople insyd Spain]] [[Category:Expatriate women's footballers insyd Spain]] [[Category:21st-century Swiss sportswomen]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Champions League–winning players]] ef032tymx0qmwxihwt40653zi43docj 109062 109061 2026-08-04T23:20:34Z DaSupremo 9 /* Career statistics */ Improve article 109062 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sydney Joy Schertenleib''' (born 30 January 2007) be a Swiss footballer wey dey play as a midfielder give Liga F club [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]] den de Switzerland national team.<ref>{{Cite web |date=Jul 24, 2024 |title=Schweizer Top-Talent Sie ist 17 – und spielt jetzt beim besten Fussballclub der Welt |url=https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/sydney-schertenleib-die-schweizerin-geht-zum-fc-barcelona-784855414254 |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=Tages-Anzeiger}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=Jun 25, 2024 |title=Schweizer Fussball-News - Sydney Schertenleib wagt den Sprung nach Barcelona |url=https://www.srf.ch/sport/fussball/super-league/schweizer-fussball-news-sydney-schertenleib-wagt-den-sprung-nach-barcelona |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen (SRF)}}</ref> == Career == Schertenleib be a prodigy of de FC Zürich youth academy wich she join at de age of 10. She play der plus boys teams til de age of 15. Na ein breakthrough year be at dat age insyd 2022. Insyd May, she win de Blue Stars/FIFA Youth Cup (an international Under-19 club tournament) plus de FC Zürich girls team plus a win insyd de final against Olympique Lyonnais Féminin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-25 |title=Blue Stars/FIFA Youth Cup 2022 at a glance |url=https://publications.fifa.com/en/annual-report-2022/2022-at-a-glance/blue-stars-fifa-youth-cup-2022/ |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=FIFA |language=en}}</ref> Insyd August of de same year, she make ein first appearance insyd de FC Zürich U21 team insyd Nationalliga B (Swiss 2nd Division) against FC Wil, wey she score ein first goal right away.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sydney Schertenleib Player Profile |url=https://www.soccerdonna.de/de/sydney-schertenleib/leistungsdaten/spieler_72668.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Soccerdonna |language=de}}</ref> Insyd dis team, she play togeda plus ein older sisto Lillian. Sydney score more dan one goal per game for dis team insyd dis season den Lillian almost two goals per game insyd average.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lillian Schertenleib Player Profile |url=https://www.soccerdonna.de/de/lillian-schertenleib/leistungsdaten/spieler_73284.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Soccerdonna |language=de}}</ref> On 1 October of de same year, Sydney make ein first appearance insyd de Swiss Women's Super League for FC Zürich, wey she score ein first goal insyd de same game as well. Insyd de same month, na dem deny FC Zürich coach Inka Grings by a UEFA rule to field Schertenleib insyd de UEFA Champions League group stage secof ein year of birth 2007, she be deemed too young.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2022 |title="Haben interessanten Plan" / Champions League FCZ Frauen – Juventus Vorschau mit Interviews |url=https://www.zuerilive.ch/2022/10/haben-interessanten-plan-champions-league-fcz-frauen-juventus-vorschau-mit-interviews/ |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Züri Live |language=de}}</ref> Insyd May 2023, she win de Swiss championship plus Zürich after winning insyd de playoff-final against Servette.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2023 |title=FCZ-Frauen stemmen den Meisterpokal erneut in die Höhe |url=https://www.blick.ch/sport/fussball/frauen-fussball/womens-super-league/final-der-womens-super-league-im-ticker-servette-oder-fcz-showdown-um-den-meistertitel-id18630662.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Blick |language=de}}</ref> Aged 16, she join city rival Grasshopper Zurich insyd de summer of 2023. As Grasshoppers in contrast to title contender na FC Zürich be at dat moment a mid-table team insyd de Swiss Women's Super League, she get a higher probability of being fielded insyd de starting line-up insyd every game despite ein young age. Insyd de 2023–24 season, she reach de playoff quarter-finals plus Grasshoppers, wer dem loose to BSC Young Boys. After just one season at Grasshoppers, Schertenleib move go Spain wey she agree to an offer of [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-25 |title=Exciting News: Sydney Schertenleib joins Barça women's team! |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/us/en/soccer/20240625/693499/exciting-news-sydney-schertenleib-joins-barca-women-s-team-nrt.html |access-date=2024-11-07 |website=Mundo Deportivo USA |language=en}}</ref> She make ein first appearance give Barcelona B insyd Primera Federación (2nd Division) on 7 September at Villarreal. Only one week later, na she already be called up for de first team of FC Barcelona insyd a Liga F game wer na she be first time fielded on 2 November insyd a game against Eibar. Soon after, na dem nominate Schertenleib for de Golden Girl Award of de ten best young talents worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-25 |title=These super talents are the envy of Europe |url=https://www.bluewin.ch/en/sport/football/these-super-talents-are-the-envy-of-europe-2419901.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Bluewin |language=en}}</ref> On 15 November 2025, she score ein first goal insyd ''el Clásico,'' at de Montjuïc Stadium in front of 36,276 people.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barcelona 4-0 Real Madrid (Nov 15, 2025) Commentary |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/commentary/_/gameId/749070 |access-date=2026-04-06 |website=ESPN |language=en}}</ref> Insyd 2025, na dem rank Schertenleib third insyd ''Goal'' ein NXGN list of de 25 best teenage wonderkids insyd women’s football.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruszkai |first=Ameé |date=2025-03-18 |title=NXGN 2025: The 25 best teenage wonderkids in women's football |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/lists/nxgn-2025-best-teenage-wonderkids-womens-football/blt231db7e38d1c96be |access-date=2026-07-06 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> De following year insyd 2026, dem rank am she first insyd ''Goal'' ein NXGN list of de 25 best teenage wonderkids insyd women’s football.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruszkai |first=Ameé |date=2026-03-24 |title=NXGN 2026: The 25 best teenage wonderkids in women's football |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/lists/nxgn-2026-best-teenage-wonderkids-womens-football/bltf26eb1e39936a135 |access-date=2026-07-06 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == International career == Dem born Schertenleib insyd Switzerland to a Swiss poppie den American mommie, wey she dey hold dual citizenship.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Die Fussball-Nati der Frauen macht die Schweiz stolz |url=https://www.schweizer-illustrierte.ch/people/swiss-stars/die-fussball-nati-der-frauen-macht-die-schweiz-stolz-841353 |website=Schweizer Illustrierte}}</ref> She represent Switzerland at youth den senior level.<ref>{{Cite web |date=Feb 23, 2024 |title=Die nächste Generation glänzt und schiesst die Schweiz zum Sieg |url=https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/ueberzeugender-auftakt-die-naechste-generation-glaenzt-und-schiesst-die-schweiz-zum-sieg-972949101510 |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=Tages-Anzeiger}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=Oct 22, 2024 |title=Fussballerin Sydney Schertenleib: Nach dem grossen Wechsel – so geht es dem Schweizer Supertalent in Barcelona |url=https://www.bernerzeitung.ch/sydney-schertenleib-so-geht-es-der-schweizerin-in-barcelona-560420821902 |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=[[Berner Zeitung]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-11 |title=Von der FCZ-Bank über GC zum grössten Klub der Welt |url=https://www.blick.ch/sport/fussball/frauen-fussball/frauen-nati/nati-supertalent-sydney-schertenleib-17-von-der-fcz-bank-ueber-gc-zum-groessten-klub-der-welt-id19933664.html |website=www.blick.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-16 |title=Rekordweltmeister USA schielen auf unser Nati-Juwel |url=https://www.blick.ch/sport/fussball/frauen-fussball/womens-super-league/gc-hoffnung-schertenleib-rekordweltmeister-usa-schielen-auf-unser-nati-juwel-id19541768.html |website=www.blick.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Grosse Zukunftshoffnung wird zur sechsten Schweizer Person, die für Barça auflaufen durfte |url=https://sport.ch/fc-barcelona/1372832/grosse-zukunftshoffnung-wird-zur-sechsten-schweizer-person-die-fuer-bara-auflaufen-durfte |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024}}</ref> Insyd May 2023, Schertenleib reach de 2023 UEFA Under-17 Championship semi-finals insyd Estonia plus Switzerland under-17s. Insyd February 2024, one month after turning 17, she make ein first appearance for de Switzerland national team insyd a friendly against Poland. Insyd July of de same year, she score ein first goal give de national team against Turkey. On 23 June 2025, dem call Schertenleib up to de Switzerland squad for de UEFA Euro 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 2025 |title=Frauen-Nationalteam: Das Kader für die UEFA Women's EURO 2025 steht fest |url=https://www.football.ch/sfv/nationalteams/a-team-frauen/UWNL/news/frauen-nationalteam-das-kader-fuer-die-uefa-women-s-euro-2025-steht-fest.aspx |publisher=[[Swiss Football Association]] |lang=de}}</ref> ==Career statistics== ===International=== :''Scores den results list Switzerland's goal tally first, score column dey indicate score after each Schertenleib goal.'' {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ List of international goals wey Sydney Schertenleib score ! No. !! Date !! Venue !! Opponent !! Score !! Result !! Competition |- |align=center | 1 || 12 July 2024 || [[Kocaeli Stadium]], [[İzmit]], Turkey || {{fbw|TUR}} || align=center|1–0 || align=center| 2–0 || [[UEFA Women's Euro 2025 qualifying League B|UEFA Women's Euro 2025 qualifying]] |- |align=center | 2 || 25 February 2025 || [[Viking Stadion]], [[Stavanger]], Norway || {{fbw|NOR}} || align=center|1–1 || align=center| 1–2 || [[2025 UEFA Women's Nations League A|2025 UEFA Women's Nations League]] |- |align=center | 3 || rowspan=2| 28 October 2025 || rowspan=2| [[East End Park]], [[Dunfermline]], Scotland || rowspan=2| {{fbw|SCO}} || align=center|1–0 || rowspan=2 align=center| 4–3 || rowspan=2| [[Exhibition match|Friendly]] |- |align=center | 4 || align=center|3–2 |- |align=center | 5 || 7 March 2026 || [[Centenary Stadium]], [[Ta' Qali]], Malta || rowspan=2| {{fbw|MLT}} || align=center|4–1 || align=center| 4–1 || rowspan=2| [[2027 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification – UEFA League B|2027 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification]] |- |align=center | 6 || 5 June 2026 || [[Cornaredo Stadium]], [[Lugano]], Switzerland || align=center|1–0 || align=center| 6–1 |} == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Schertenleib, Sydney}} [[Category:2007 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Swiss people of African-American descent]] [[Category:Sportspeople of American descent]] [[Category:Footballers wey komot Zurich]] [[Category:Swiss women's footballers]] [[Category:Women's association football midfielders]] [[Category:FC Zürich Frauen players]] [[Category:Grasshopper Club Zurich (women) players]] [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení B players]] [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení players]] [[Category:Women's Super League (Switzerland) players]] [[Category:Primera Federación (women) players]] [[Category:Liga F players]] [[Category:Switzerland women's youth international footballers]] [[Category:Switzerland women's international footballers]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Euro 2025 players]] [[Category:Swiss expatriate women's footballers]] [[Category:Swiss expatriate sportspeople insyd Spain]] [[Category:Expatriate women's footballers insyd Spain]] [[Category:21st-century Swiss sportswomen]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Champions League–winning players]] m4v2dzmi6jqoic5sfxmnkywih21op54 109063 109062 2026-08-04T23:23:18Z DaSupremo 9 /* Honours */ Improve article 109063 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sydney Joy Schertenleib''' (born 30 January 2007) be a Swiss footballer wey dey play as a midfielder give Liga F club [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]] den de Switzerland national team.<ref>{{Cite web |date=Jul 24, 2024 |title=Schweizer Top-Talent Sie ist 17 – und spielt jetzt beim besten Fussballclub der Welt |url=https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/sydney-schertenleib-die-schweizerin-geht-zum-fc-barcelona-784855414254 |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=Tages-Anzeiger}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=Jun 25, 2024 |title=Schweizer Fussball-News - Sydney Schertenleib wagt den Sprung nach Barcelona |url=https://www.srf.ch/sport/fussball/super-league/schweizer-fussball-news-sydney-schertenleib-wagt-den-sprung-nach-barcelona |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen (SRF)}}</ref> == Career == Schertenleib be a prodigy of de FC Zürich youth academy wich she join at de age of 10. She play der plus boys teams til de age of 15. Na ein breakthrough year be at dat age insyd 2022. Insyd May, she win de Blue Stars/FIFA Youth Cup (an international Under-19 club tournament) plus de FC Zürich girls team plus a win insyd de final against Olympique Lyonnais Féminin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-25 |title=Blue Stars/FIFA Youth Cup 2022 at a glance |url=https://publications.fifa.com/en/annual-report-2022/2022-at-a-glance/blue-stars-fifa-youth-cup-2022/ |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=FIFA |language=en}}</ref> Insyd August of de same year, she make ein first appearance insyd de FC Zürich U21 team insyd Nationalliga B (Swiss 2nd Division) against FC Wil, wey she score ein first goal right away.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sydney Schertenleib Player Profile |url=https://www.soccerdonna.de/de/sydney-schertenleib/leistungsdaten/spieler_72668.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Soccerdonna |language=de}}</ref> Insyd dis team, she play togeda plus ein older sisto Lillian. Sydney score more dan one goal per game for dis team insyd dis season den Lillian almost two goals per game insyd average.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lillian Schertenleib Player Profile |url=https://www.soccerdonna.de/de/lillian-schertenleib/leistungsdaten/spieler_73284.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Soccerdonna |language=de}}</ref> On 1 October of de same year, Sydney make ein first appearance insyd de Swiss Women's Super League for FC Zürich, wey she score ein first goal insyd de same game as well. Insyd de same month, na dem deny FC Zürich coach Inka Grings by a UEFA rule to field Schertenleib insyd de UEFA Champions League group stage secof ein year of birth 2007, she be deemed too young.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2022 |title="Haben interessanten Plan" / Champions League FCZ Frauen – Juventus Vorschau mit Interviews |url=https://www.zuerilive.ch/2022/10/haben-interessanten-plan-champions-league-fcz-frauen-juventus-vorschau-mit-interviews/ |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Züri Live |language=de}}</ref> Insyd May 2023, she win de Swiss championship plus Zürich after winning insyd de playoff-final against Servette.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2023 |title=FCZ-Frauen stemmen den Meisterpokal erneut in die Höhe |url=https://www.blick.ch/sport/fussball/frauen-fussball/womens-super-league/final-der-womens-super-league-im-ticker-servette-oder-fcz-showdown-um-den-meistertitel-id18630662.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Blick |language=de}}</ref> Aged 16, she join city rival Grasshopper Zurich insyd de summer of 2023. As Grasshoppers in contrast to title contender na FC Zürich be at dat moment a mid-table team insyd de Swiss Women's Super League, she get a higher probability of being fielded insyd de starting line-up insyd every game despite ein young age. Insyd de 2023–24 season, she reach de playoff quarter-finals plus Grasshoppers, wer dem loose to BSC Young Boys. After just one season at Grasshoppers, Schertenleib move go Spain wey she agree to an offer of [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-25 |title=Exciting News: Sydney Schertenleib joins Barça women's team! |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/us/en/soccer/20240625/693499/exciting-news-sydney-schertenleib-joins-barca-women-s-team-nrt.html |access-date=2024-11-07 |website=Mundo Deportivo USA |language=en}}</ref> She make ein first appearance give Barcelona B insyd Primera Federación (2nd Division) on 7 September at Villarreal. Only one week later, na she already be called up for de first team of FC Barcelona insyd a Liga F game wer na she be first time fielded on 2 November insyd a game against Eibar. Soon after, na dem nominate Schertenleib for de Golden Girl Award of de ten best young talents worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-25 |title=These super talents are the envy of Europe |url=https://www.bluewin.ch/en/sport/football/these-super-talents-are-the-envy-of-europe-2419901.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Bluewin |language=en}}</ref> On 15 November 2025, she score ein first goal insyd ''el Clásico,'' at de Montjuïc Stadium in front of 36,276 people.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barcelona 4-0 Real Madrid (Nov 15, 2025) Commentary |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/commentary/_/gameId/749070 |access-date=2026-04-06 |website=ESPN |language=en}}</ref> Insyd 2025, na dem rank Schertenleib third insyd ''Goal'' ein NXGN list of de 25 best teenage wonderkids insyd women’s football.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruszkai |first=Ameé |date=2025-03-18 |title=NXGN 2025: The 25 best teenage wonderkids in women's football |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/lists/nxgn-2025-best-teenage-wonderkids-womens-football/blt231db7e38d1c96be |access-date=2026-07-06 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> De following year insyd 2026, dem rank am she first insyd ''Goal'' ein NXGN list of de 25 best teenage wonderkids insyd women’s football.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruszkai |first=Ameé |date=2026-03-24 |title=NXGN 2026: The 25 best teenage wonderkids in women's football |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/lists/nxgn-2026-best-teenage-wonderkids-womens-football/bltf26eb1e39936a135 |access-date=2026-07-06 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == International career == Dem born Schertenleib insyd Switzerland to a Swiss poppie den American mommie, wey she dey hold dual citizenship.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Die Fussball-Nati der Frauen macht die Schweiz stolz |url=https://www.schweizer-illustrierte.ch/people/swiss-stars/die-fussball-nati-der-frauen-macht-die-schweiz-stolz-841353 |website=Schweizer Illustrierte}}</ref> She represent Switzerland at youth den senior level.<ref>{{Cite web |date=Feb 23, 2024 |title=Die nächste Generation glänzt und schiesst die Schweiz zum Sieg |url=https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/ueberzeugender-auftakt-die-naechste-generation-glaenzt-und-schiesst-die-schweiz-zum-sieg-972949101510 |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=Tages-Anzeiger}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=Oct 22, 2024 |title=Fussballerin Sydney Schertenleib: Nach dem grossen Wechsel – so geht es dem Schweizer Supertalent in Barcelona |url=https://www.bernerzeitung.ch/sydney-schertenleib-so-geht-es-der-schweizerin-in-barcelona-560420821902 |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=[[Berner Zeitung]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-11 |title=Von der FCZ-Bank über GC zum grössten Klub der Welt |url=https://www.blick.ch/sport/fussball/frauen-fussball/frauen-nati/nati-supertalent-sydney-schertenleib-17-von-der-fcz-bank-ueber-gc-zum-groessten-klub-der-welt-id19933664.html |website=www.blick.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-16 |title=Rekordweltmeister USA schielen auf unser Nati-Juwel |url=https://www.blick.ch/sport/fussball/frauen-fussball/womens-super-league/gc-hoffnung-schertenleib-rekordweltmeister-usa-schielen-auf-unser-nati-juwel-id19541768.html |website=www.blick.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Grosse Zukunftshoffnung wird zur sechsten Schweizer Person, die für Barça auflaufen durfte |url=https://sport.ch/fc-barcelona/1372832/grosse-zukunftshoffnung-wird-zur-sechsten-schweizer-person-die-fuer-bara-auflaufen-durfte |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024}}</ref> Insyd May 2023, Schertenleib reach de 2023 UEFA Under-17 Championship semi-finals insyd Estonia plus Switzerland under-17s. Insyd February 2024, one month after turning 17, she make ein first appearance for de Switzerland national team insyd a friendly against Poland. Insyd July of de same year, she score ein first goal give de national team against Turkey. On 23 June 2025, dem call Schertenleib up to de Switzerland squad for de UEFA Euro 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 2025 |title=Frauen-Nationalteam: Das Kader für die UEFA Women's EURO 2025 steht fest |url=https://www.football.ch/sfv/nationalteams/a-team-frauen/UWNL/news/frauen-nationalteam-das-kader-fuer-die-uefa-women-s-euro-2025-steht-fest.aspx |publisher=[[Swiss Football Association]] |lang=de}}</ref> ==Career statistics== ===International=== :''Scores den results list Switzerland's goal tally first, score column dey indicate score after each Schertenleib goal.'' {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ List of international goals wey Sydney Schertenleib score ! No. !! Date !! Venue !! Opponent !! Score !! Result !! Competition |- |align=center | 1 || 12 July 2024 || [[Kocaeli Stadium]], [[İzmit]], Turkey || {{fbw|TUR}} || align=center|1–0 || align=center| 2–0 || [[UEFA Women's Euro 2025 qualifying League B|UEFA Women's Euro 2025 qualifying]] |- |align=center | 2 || 25 February 2025 || [[Viking Stadion]], [[Stavanger]], Norway || {{fbw|NOR}} || align=center|1–1 || align=center| 1–2 || [[2025 UEFA Women's Nations League A|2025 UEFA Women's Nations League]] |- |align=center | 3 || rowspan=2| 28 October 2025 || rowspan=2| [[East End Park]], [[Dunfermline]], Scotland || rowspan=2| {{fbw|SCO}} || align=center|1–0 || rowspan=2 align=center| 4–3 || rowspan=2| [[Exhibition match|Friendly]] |- |align=center | 4 || align=center|3–2 |- |align=center | 5 || 7 March 2026 || [[Centenary Stadium]], [[Ta' Qali]], Malta || rowspan=2| {{fbw|MLT}} || align=center|4–1 || align=center| 4–1 || rowspan=2| [[2027 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification – UEFA League B|2027 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification]] |- |align=center | 6 || 5 June 2026 || [[Cornaredo Stadium]], [[Lugano]], Switzerland || align=center|1–0 || align=center| 6–1 |} ==Honours== '''Barcelona''' * [[Liga F]]: [[2024–25 Liga F|2024–25]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 May 2025 |title=10th Liga F title for Barça Women |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/4262849/10th-liga-f-title-for-barca-women |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250616004857/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/4262849/10th-liga-f-title-for-barca-women |archive-date=16 June 2025 |access-date=15 July 2025 |website=FC Barcelona |language=}}</ref> [[2025–26 Liga F|2025–26]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Marsden |first1=Sam |title=Barcelona win 7th straight Liga F title to further quadruple quest |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/48550618/barcelona-liga-f-champions-title-women-treble |website=espn.com |access-date=22 April 2026 |language=en |date=22 April 2026}}</ref> * [[Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Copa de la Reina]]: [[2024–25 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2024–25]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2025 |title=Barça 2-0 Atlético Madrid: Pina wins the crown for the queens of the cup |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/4280451/barca-2-0-atletico-madrid-pina-wins-the-crown-for-the-queens-of-the-cup |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250607222058/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/4280451/barca-2-0-atletico-madrid-pina-wins-the-crown-for-the-queens-of-the-cup |archive-date=7 June 2025 |access-date=17 July 2025 |website=FC Barcelona |language=}}</ref> [[2025–26 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2025–26]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Marsden |first1=Sam |title=Barcelona win Copa de la Reina, stay on track for quadruple |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/48794094/barcelona-win-copa-de-la-reina-stay-track-quadruple |website=espn.co.uk |access-date=17 May 2026 |language=en |date=17 May 2026}}</ref> * [[Supercopa de España Femenina|Supercopa de España]]: [[2025–26 Supercopa de España Femenina|2025–26]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Sixth Super Cup for FC Barcelona |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/4438624/sixth-super-cup-for-fc-barcelona |publisher=FC Barcelona Femení |access-date=22 April 2026 |language=en |date=24 January 2026}}</ref> * [[UEFA Women's Champions League]]: [[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League|2025–26]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rajan |first=Adwaidh |date=23 May 2026 |title=Barcelona 4–0 Lyonnes |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c2d2z06pypyt |access-date=24 May 2026 |website=BBC Sport |publisher=BBC}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Schertenleib, Sydney}} [[Category:2007 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Swiss people of African-American descent]] [[Category:Sportspeople of American descent]] [[Category:Footballers wey komot Zurich]] [[Category:Swiss women's footballers]] [[Category:Women's association football midfielders]] [[Category:FC Zürich Frauen players]] [[Category:Grasshopper Club Zurich (women) players]] [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení B players]] [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení players]] [[Category:Women's Super League (Switzerland) players]] [[Category:Primera Federación (women) players]] [[Category:Liga F players]] [[Category:Switzerland women's youth international footballers]] [[Category:Switzerland women's international footballers]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Euro 2025 players]] [[Category:Swiss expatriate women's footballers]] [[Category:Swiss expatriate sportspeople insyd Spain]] [[Category:Expatriate women's footballers insyd Spain]] [[Category:21st-century Swiss sportswomen]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Champions League–winning players]] tjrgj08nq1ory6w3s4tegp8duz9mbpf 109064 109063 2026-08-04T23:30:49Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 109064 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sydney Joy Schertenleib''' (born 30 January 2007) be a Swiss footballer wey dey play as a midfielder give Liga F club [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]] den de Switzerland national team.<ref>{{Cite web |date=Jul 24, 2024 |title=Schweizer Top-Talent Sie ist 17 – und spielt jetzt beim besten Fussballclub der Welt |url=https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/sydney-schertenleib-die-schweizerin-geht-zum-fc-barcelona-784855414254 |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=Tages-Anzeiger}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=Jun 25, 2024 |title=Schweizer Fussball-News - Sydney Schertenleib wagt den Sprung nach Barcelona |url=https://www.srf.ch/sport/fussball/super-league/schweizer-fussball-news-sydney-schertenleib-wagt-den-sprung-nach-barcelona |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen (SRF)}}</ref> == Career == Schertenleib be a prodigy of de FC Zürich youth academy wich she join at de age of 10. She play der plus boys teams til de age of 15. Na ein breakthrough year be at dat age insyd 2022. Insyd May, she win de Blue Stars/FIFA Youth Cup (an international Under-19 club tournament) plus de FC Zürich girls team plus a win insyd de final against Olympique Lyonnais Féminin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-25 |title=Blue Stars/FIFA Youth Cup 2022 at a glance |url=https://publications.fifa.com/en/annual-report-2022/2022-at-a-glance/blue-stars-fifa-youth-cup-2022/ |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=FIFA |language=en}}</ref> Insyd August of de same year, she make ein first appearance insyd de FC Zürich U21 team insyd Nationalliga B (Swiss 2nd Division) against FC Wil, wey she score ein first goal right away.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sydney Schertenleib Player Profile |url=https://www.soccerdonna.de/de/sydney-schertenleib/leistungsdaten/spieler_72668.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Soccerdonna |language=de}}</ref> Insyd dis team, she play togeda plus ein older sisto Lillian. Sydney score more dan one goal per game for dis team insyd dis season den Lillian almost two goals per game insyd average.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lillian Schertenleib Player Profile |url=https://www.soccerdonna.de/de/lillian-schertenleib/leistungsdaten/spieler_73284.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Soccerdonna |language=de}}</ref> On 1 October of de same year, Sydney make ein first appearance insyd de Swiss Women's Super League for FC Zürich, wey she score ein first goal insyd de same game as well. Insyd de same month, na dem deny FC Zürich coach Inka Grings by a UEFA rule to field Schertenleib insyd de UEFA Champions League group stage secof ein year of birth 2007, she be deemed too young.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2022 |title="Haben interessanten Plan" / Champions League FCZ Frauen – Juventus Vorschau mit Interviews |url=https://www.zuerilive.ch/2022/10/haben-interessanten-plan-champions-league-fcz-frauen-juventus-vorschau-mit-interviews/ |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Züri Live |language=de}}</ref> Insyd May 2023, she win de Swiss championship plus Zürich after winning insyd de playoff-final against Servette.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2023 |title=FCZ-Frauen stemmen den Meisterpokal erneut in die Höhe |url=https://www.blick.ch/sport/fussball/frauen-fussball/womens-super-league/final-der-womens-super-league-im-ticker-servette-oder-fcz-showdown-um-den-meistertitel-id18630662.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Blick |language=de}}</ref> Aged 16, she join city rival Grasshopper Zurich insyd de summer of 2023. As Grasshoppers in contrast to title contender na FC Zürich be at dat moment a mid-table team insyd de Swiss Women's Super League, she get a higher probability of being fielded insyd de starting line-up insyd every game despite ein young age. Insyd de 2023–24 season, she reach de playoff quarter-finals plus Grasshoppers, wer dem loose to BSC Young Boys. After just one season at Grasshoppers, Schertenleib move go Spain wey she agree to an offer of [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-25 |title=Exciting News: Sydney Schertenleib joins Barça women's team! |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/us/en/soccer/20240625/693499/exciting-news-sydney-schertenleib-joins-barca-women-s-team-nrt.html |access-date=2024-11-07 |website=Mundo Deportivo USA |language=en}}</ref> She make ein first appearance give Barcelona B insyd Primera Federación (2nd Division) on 7 September at Villarreal. Only one week later, na she already be called up for de first team of FC Barcelona insyd a Liga F game wer na she be first time fielded on 2 November insyd a game against Eibar. Soon after, na dem nominate Schertenleib for de Golden Girl Award of de ten best young talents worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-25 |title=These super talents are the envy of Europe |url=https://www.bluewin.ch/en/sport/football/these-super-talents-are-the-envy-of-europe-2419901.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Bluewin |language=en}}</ref> On 15 November 2025, she score ein first goal insyd ''el Clásico,'' at de Montjuïc Stadium in front of 36,276 people.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barcelona 4-0 Real Madrid (Nov 15, 2025) Commentary |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/commentary/_/gameId/749070 |access-date=2026-04-06 |website=ESPN |language=en}}</ref> Insyd 2025, na dem rank Schertenleib third insyd ''Goal'' ein NXGN list of de 25 best teenage wonderkids insyd women’s football.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruszkai |first=Ameé |date=2025-03-18 |title=NXGN 2025: The 25 best teenage wonderkids in women's football |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/lists/nxgn-2025-best-teenage-wonderkids-womens-football/blt231db7e38d1c96be |access-date=2026-07-06 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> De following year insyd 2026, dem rank am she first insyd ''Goal'' ein NXGN list of de 25 best teenage wonderkids insyd women’s football.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruszkai |first=Ameé |date=2026-03-24 |title=NXGN 2026: The 25 best teenage wonderkids in women's football |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/lists/nxgn-2026-best-teenage-wonderkids-womens-football/bltf26eb1e39936a135 |access-date=2026-07-06 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == International career == Dem born Schertenleib insyd Switzerland to a Swiss poppie den American mommie, wey she dey hold dual citizenship.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Die Fussball-Nati der Frauen macht die Schweiz stolz |url=https://www.schweizer-illustrierte.ch/people/swiss-stars/die-fussball-nati-der-frauen-macht-die-schweiz-stolz-841353 |website=Schweizer Illustrierte}}</ref> She represent Switzerland at youth den senior level.<ref>{{Cite web |date=Feb 23, 2024 |title=Die nächste Generation glänzt und schiesst die Schweiz zum Sieg |url=https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/ueberzeugender-auftakt-die-naechste-generation-glaenzt-und-schiesst-die-schweiz-zum-sieg-972949101510 |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=Tages-Anzeiger}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=Oct 22, 2024 |title=Fussballerin Sydney Schertenleib: Nach dem grossen Wechsel – so geht es dem Schweizer Supertalent in Barcelona |url=https://www.bernerzeitung.ch/sydney-schertenleib-so-geht-es-der-schweizerin-in-barcelona-560420821902 |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=[[Berner Zeitung]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-11 |title=Von der FCZ-Bank über GC zum grössten Klub der Welt |url=https://www.blick.ch/sport/fussball/frauen-fussball/frauen-nati/nati-supertalent-sydney-schertenleib-17-von-der-fcz-bank-ueber-gc-zum-groessten-klub-der-welt-id19933664.html |website=www.blick.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-16 |title=Rekordweltmeister USA schielen auf unser Nati-Juwel |url=https://www.blick.ch/sport/fussball/frauen-fussball/womens-super-league/gc-hoffnung-schertenleib-rekordweltmeister-usa-schielen-auf-unser-nati-juwel-id19541768.html |website=www.blick.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Grosse Zukunftshoffnung wird zur sechsten Schweizer Person, die für Barça auflaufen durfte |url=https://sport.ch/fc-barcelona/1372832/grosse-zukunftshoffnung-wird-zur-sechsten-schweizer-person-die-fuer-bara-auflaufen-durfte |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024}}</ref> Insyd May 2023, Schertenleib reach de 2023 UEFA Under-17 Championship semi-finals insyd Estonia plus Switzerland under-17s. Insyd February 2024, one month after turning 17, she make ein first appearance for de Switzerland national team insyd a friendly against Poland. Insyd July of de same year, she score ein first goal give de national team against Turkey. On 23 June 2025, dem call Schertenleib up to de Switzerland squad for de UEFA Euro 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 2025 |title=Frauen-Nationalteam: Das Kader für die UEFA Women's EURO 2025 steht fest |url=https://www.football.ch/sfv/nationalteams/a-team-frauen/UWNL/news/frauen-nationalteam-das-kader-fuer-die-uefa-women-s-euro-2025-steht-fest.aspx |publisher=[[Swiss Football Association]] |lang=de}}</ref> ==Career statistics== ===International=== :''Scores den results list Switzerland's goal tally first, score column dey indicate score after each Schertenleib goal.'' {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ List of international goals wey Sydney Schertenleib score ! No. !! Date !! Venue !! Opponent !! Score !! Result !! Competition |- |align=center | 1 || 12 July 2024 || [[Kocaeli Stadium]], [[İzmit]], Turkey || {{fbw|TUR}} || align=center|1–0 || align=center| 2–0 || [[UEFA Women's Euro 2025 qualifying League B|UEFA Women's Euro 2025 qualifying]] |- |align=center | 2 || 25 February 2025 || [[Viking Stadion]], [[Stavanger]], Norway || {{fbw|NOR}} || align=center|1–1 || align=center| 1–2 || [[2025 UEFA Women's Nations League A|2025 UEFA Women's Nations League]] |- |align=center | 3 || rowspan=2| 28 October 2025 || rowspan=2| [[East End Park]], [[Dunfermline]], Scotland || rowspan=2| {{fbw|SCO}} || align=center|1–0 || rowspan=2 align=center| 4–3 || rowspan=2| [[Exhibition match|Friendly]] |- |align=center | 4 || align=center|3–2 |- |align=center | 5 || 7 March 2026 || [[Centenary Stadium]], [[Ta' Qali]], Malta || rowspan=2| {{fbw|MLT}} || align=center|4–1 || align=center| 4–1 || rowspan=2| [[2027 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification – UEFA League B|2027 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification]] |- |align=center | 6 || 5 June 2026 || [[Cornaredo Stadium]], [[Lugano]], Switzerland || align=center|1–0 || align=center| 6–1 |} ==Honours== '''Barcelona''' * [[Liga F]]: [[2024–25 Liga F|2024–25]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 May 2025 |title=10th Liga F title for Barça Women |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/4262849/10th-liga-f-title-for-barca-women |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250616004857/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/4262849/10th-liga-f-title-for-barca-women |archive-date=16 June 2025 |access-date=15 July 2025 |website=FC Barcelona |language=}}</ref> [[2025–26 Liga F|2025–26]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Marsden |first1=Sam |title=Barcelona win 7th straight Liga F title to further quadruple quest |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/48550618/barcelona-liga-f-champions-title-women-treble |website=espn.com |access-date=22 April 2026 |language=en |date=22 April 2026}}</ref> * [[Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Copa de la Reina]]: [[2024–25 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2024–25]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2025 |title=Barça 2-0 Atlético Madrid: Pina wins the crown for the queens of the cup |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/4280451/barca-2-0-atletico-madrid-pina-wins-the-crown-for-the-queens-of-the-cup |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250607222058/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/4280451/barca-2-0-atletico-madrid-pina-wins-the-crown-for-the-queens-of-the-cup |archive-date=7 June 2025 |access-date=17 July 2025 |website=FC Barcelona |language=}}</ref> [[2025–26 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2025–26]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Marsden |first1=Sam |title=Barcelona win Copa de la Reina, stay on track for quadruple |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/48794094/barcelona-win-copa-de-la-reina-stay-track-quadruple |website=espn.co.uk |access-date=17 May 2026 |language=en |date=17 May 2026}}</ref> * [[Supercopa de España Femenina|Supercopa de España]]: [[2025–26 Supercopa de España Femenina|2025–26]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Sixth Super Cup for FC Barcelona |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/4438624/sixth-super-cup-for-fc-barcelona |publisher=FC Barcelona Femení |access-date=22 April 2026 |language=en |date=24 January 2026}}</ref> * [[UEFA Women's Champions League]]: [[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League|2025–26]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rajan |first=Adwaidh |date=23 May 2026 |title=Barcelona 4–0 Lyonnes |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c2d2z06pypyt |access-date=24 May 2026 |website=BBC Sport |publisher=BBC}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://fbref.com/en/players/e395aa19/Sydney-Schertenleib Sydney Schertenleib] at FBref {{DEFAULTSORT:Schertenleib, Sydney}} [[Category:2007 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Swiss people of African-American descent]] [[Category:Sportspeople of American descent]] [[Category:Footballers wey komot Zurich]] [[Category:Swiss women's footballers]] [[Category:Women's association football midfielders]] [[Category:FC Zürich Frauen players]] [[Category:Grasshopper Club Zurich (women) players]] [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení B players]] [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení players]] [[Category:Women's Super League (Switzerland) players]] [[Category:Primera Federación (women) players]] [[Category:Liga F players]] [[Category:Switzerland women's youth international footballers]] [[Category:Switzerland women's international footballers]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Euro 2025 players]] [[Category:Swiss expatriate women's footballers]] [[Category:Swiss expatriate sportspeople insyd Spain]] [[Category:Expatriate women's footballers insyd Spain]] [[Category:21st-century Swiss sportswomen]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Champions League–winning players]] 9t9gd1tv4567sp13yo7le9vpftn7dkt 109066 109064 2026-08-04T23:42:38Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 109066 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sydney Joy Schertenleib''' (born 30 January 2007) be a Swiss footballer wey dey play as a midfielder give Liga F club [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]] den de Switzerland national team.<ref>{{Cite web |date=Jul 24, 2024 |title=Schweizer Top-Talent Sie ist 17 – und spielt jetzt beim besten Fussballclub der Welt |url=https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/sydney-schertenleib-die-schweizerin-geht-zum-fc-barcelona-784855414254 |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=Tages-Anzeiger}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=Jun 25, 2024 |title=Schweizer Fussball-News - Sydney Schertenleib wagt den Sprung nach Barcelona |url=https://www.srf.ch/sport/fussball/super-league/schweizer-fussball-news-sydney-schertenleib-wagt-den-sprung-nach-barcelona |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen (SRF)}}</ref> == Career == Schertenleib be a prodigy of de FC Zürich youth academy wich she join at de age of 10. She play der plus boys teams til de age of 15. Na ein breakthrough year be at dat age insyd 2022. Insyd May, she win de Blue Stars/FIFA Youth Cup (an international Under-19 club tournament) plus de FC Zürich girls team plus a win insyd de final against Olympique Lyonnais Féminin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-25 |title=Blue Stars/FIFA Youth Cup 2022 at a glance |url=https://publications.fifa.com/en/annual-report-2022/2022-at-a-glance/blue-stars-fifa-youth-cup-2022/ |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=FIFA |language=en}}</ref> Insyd August of de same year, she make ein first appearance insyd de FC Zürich U21 team insyd Nationalliga B (Swiss 2nd Division) against FC Wil, wey she score ein first goal right away.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sydney Schertenleib Player Profile |url=https://www.soccerdonna.de/de/sydney-schertenleib/leistungsdaten/spieler_72668.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Soccerdonna |language=de}}</ref> Insyd dis team, she play togeda plus ein older sisto Lillian. Sydney score more dan one goal per game for dis team insyd dis season den Lillian almost two goals per game insyd average.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lillian Schertenleib Player Profile |url=https://www.soccerdonna.de/de/lillian-schertenleib/leistungsdaten/spieler_73284.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Soccerdonna |language=de}}</ref> On 1 October of de same year, Sydney make ein first appearance insyd de Swiss Women's Super League for FC Zürich, wey she score ein first goal insyd de same game as well. Insyd de same month, na dem deny FC Zürich coach Inka Grings by a UEFA rule to field Schertenleib insyd de UEFA Champions League group stage secof ein year of birth 2007, she be deemed too young.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2022 |title="Haben interessanten Plan" / Champions League FCZ Frauen – Juventus Vorschau mit Interviews |url=https://www.zuerilive.ch/2022/10/haben-interessanten-plan-champions-league-fcz-frauen-juventus-vorschau-mit-interviews/ |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Züri Live |language=de}}</ref> Insyd May 2023, she win de Swiss championship plus Zürich after winning insyd de playoff-final against Servette.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2023 |title=FCZ-Frauen stemmen den Meisterpokal erneut in die Höhe |url=https://www.blick.ch/sport/fussball/frauen-fussball/womens-super-league/final-der-womens-super-league-im-ticker-servette-oder-fcz-showdown-um-den-meistertitel-id18630662.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Blick |language=de}}</ref> Aged 16, she join city rival Grasshopper Zurich insyd de summer of 2023. As Grasshoppers in contrast to title contender na FC Zürich be at dat moment a mid-table team insyd de Swiss Women's Super League, she get a higher probability of being fielded insyd de starting line-up insyd every game despite ein young age. Insyd de 2023–24 season, she reach de playoff quarter-finals plus Grasshoppers, wer dem loose to BSC Young Boys. After just one season at Grasshoppers, Schertenleib move go Spain wey she agree to an offer of [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-25 |title=Exciting News: Sydney Schertenleib joins Barça women's team! |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/us/en/soccer/20240625/693499/exciting-news-sydney-schertenleib-joins-barca-women-s-team-nrt.html |access-date=2024-11-07 |website=Mundo Deportivo USA |language=en}}</ref> She make ein first appearance give Barcelona B insyd Primera Federación (2nd Division) on 7 September at Villarreal. Only one week later, na she already be called up for de first team of FC Barcelona insyd a Liga F game wer na she be first time fielded on 2 November insyd a game against Eibar. Soon after, na dem nominate Schertenleib for de Golden Girl Award of de ten best young talents worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-25 |title=These super talents are the envy of Europe |url=https://www.bluewin.ch/en/sport/football/these-super-talents-are-the-envy-of-europe-2419901.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Bluewin |language=en}}</ref> On 15 November 2025, she score ein first goal insyd ''el Clásico,'' at de Montjuïc Stadium in front of 36,276 people.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barcelona 4-0 Real Madrid (Nov 15, 2025) Commentary |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/commentary/_/gameId/749070 |access-date=2026-04-06 |website=ESPN |language=en}}</ref> Insyd 2025, na dem rank Schertenleib third insyd ''Goal'' ein NXGN list of de 25 best teenage wonderkids insyd women’s football.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruszkai |first=Ameé |date=2025-03-18 |title=NXGN 2025: The 25 best teenage wonderkids in women's football |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/lists/nxgn-2025-best-teenage-wonderkids-womens-football/blt231db7e38d1c96be |access-date=2026-07-06 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> De following year insyd 2026, dem rank am she first insyd ''Goal'' ein NXGN list of de 25 best teenage wonderkids insyd women’s football.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruszkai |first=Ameé |date=2026-03-24 |title=NXGN 2026: The 25 best teenage wonderkids in women's football |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/lists/nxgn-2026-best-teenage-wonderkids-womens-football/bltf26eb1e39936a135 |access-date=2026-07-06 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == International career == Dem born Schertenleib insyd Switzerland to a Swiss poppie den American mommie, wey she dey hold dual citizenship.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Die Fussball-Nati der Frauen macht die Schweiz stolz |url=https://www.schweizer-illustrierte.ch/people/swiss-stars/die-fussball-nati-der-frauen-macht-die-schweiz-stolz-841353 |website=Schweizer Illustrierte}}</ref> She represent Switzerland at youth den senior level.<ref>{{Cite web |date=Feb 23, 2024 |title=Die nächste Generation glänzt und schiesst die Schweiz zum Sieg |url=https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/ueberzeugender-auftakt-die-naechste-generation-glaenzt-und-schiesst-die-schweiz-zum-sieg-972949101510 |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=Tages-Anzeiger}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=Oct 22, 2024 |title=Fussballerin Sydney Schertenleib: Nach dem grossen Wechsel – so geht es dem Schweizer Supertalent in Barcelona |url=https://www.bernerzeitung.ch/sydney-schertenleib-so-geht-es-der-schweizerin-in-barcelona-560420821902 |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024 |website=[[Berner Zeitung]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-11 |title=Von der FCZ-Bank über GC zum grössten Klub der Welt |url=https://www.blick.ch/sport/fussball/frauen-fussball/frauen-nati/nati-supertalent-sydney-schertenleib-17-von-der-fcz-bank-ueber-gc-zum-groessten-klub-der-welt-id19933664.html |website=www.blick.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-16 |title=Rekordweltmeister USA schielen auf unser Nati-Juwel |url=https://www.blick.ch/sport/fussball/frauen-fussball/womens-super-league/gc-hoffnung-schertenleib-rekordweltmeister-usa-schielen-auf-unser-nati-juwel-id19541768.html |website=www.blick.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Grosse Zukunftshoffnung wird zur sechsten Schweizer Person, die für Barça auflaufen durfte |url=https://sport.ch/fc-barcelona/1372832/grosse-zukunftshoffnung-wird-zur-sechsten-schweizer-person-die-fuer-bara-auflaufen-durfte |accessdate=Nov 6, 2024}}</ref> Insyd 2022, she score two goals against Iceland.<ref>{{Cite web |last=UEFA.com |title=Iceland-Switzerland {{!}} Women's Under-17 2023 |url=https://www.uefa.com/womensunder17/match/2034832--iceland-vs-switzerland/ |access-date=2026-08-04 |website=UEFA.com |language=en}}</ref> Insyd May 2023, Schertenleib reach de 2023 UEFA Under-17 Championship semi-finals insyd Estonia plus Switzerland under-17s. Insyd February 2024, one month after turning 17, she make ein first appearance for de Switzerland national team insyd a friendly against Poland. Insyd July of de same year, she score ein first goal give de national team against Turkey. On 23 June 2025, dem call Schertenleib up to de Switzerland squad for de UEFA Euro 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 2025 |title=Frauen-Nationalteam: Das Kader für die UEFA Women's EURO 2025 steht fest |url=https://www.football.ch/sfv/nationalteams/a-team-frauen/UWNL/news/frauen-nationalteam-das-kader-fuer-die-uefa-women-s-euro-2025-steht-fest.aspx |publisher=[[Swiss Football Association]] |lang=de}}</ref> ==Career statistics== ===International=== :''Scores den results list Switzerland's goal tally first, score column dey indicate score after each Schertenleib goal.'' {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ List of international goals wey Sydney Schertenleib score ! No. !! Date !! Venue !! Opponent !! Score !! Result !! Competition |- |align=center | 1 || 12 July 2024 || [[Kocaeli Stadium]], [[İzmit]], Turkey || {{fbw|TUR}} || align=center|1–0 || align=center| 2–0 || [[UEFA Women's Euro 2025 qualifying League B|UEFA Women's Euro 2025 qualifying]] |- |align=center | 2 || 25 February 2025 || [[Viking Stadion]], [[Stavanger]], Norway || {{fbw|NOR}} || align=center|1–1 || align=center| 1–2 || [[2025 UEFA Women's Nations League A|2025 UEFA Women's Nations League]] |- |align=center | 3 || rowspan=2| 28 October 2025 || rowspan=2| [[East End Park]], [[Dunfermline]], Scotland || rowspan=2| {{fbw|SCO}} || align=center|1–0 || rowspan=2 align=center| 4–3 || rowspan=2| [[Exhibition match|Friendly]] |- |align=center | 4 || align=center|3–2 |- |align=center | 5 || 7 March 2026 || [[Centenary Stadium]], [[Ta' Qali]], Malta || rowspan=2| {{fbw|MLT}} || align=center|4–1 || align=center| 4–1 || rowspan=2| [[2027 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification – UEFA League B|2027 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification]] |- |align=center | 6 || 5 June 2026 || [[Cornaredo Stadium]], [[Lugano]], Switzerland || align=center|1–0 || align=center| 6–1 |} ==Honours== '''Barcelona''' * [[Liga F]]: [[2024–25 Liga F|2024–25]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 May 2025 |title=10th Liga F title for Barça Women |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/4262849/10th-liga-f-title-for-barca-women |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250616004857/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/4262849/10th-liga-f-title-for-barca-women |archive-date=16 June 2025 |access-date=15 July 2025 |website=FC Barcelona |language=}}</ref> [[2025–26 Liga F|2025–26]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Marsden |first1=Sam |title=Barcelona win 7th straight Liga F title to further quadruple quest |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/48550618/barcelona-liga-f-champions-title-women-treble |website=espn.com |access-date=22 April 2026 |language=en |date=22 April 2026}}</ref> * [[Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Copa de la Reina]]: [[2024–25 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2024–25]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2025 |title=Barça 2-0 Atlético Madrid: Pina wins the crown for the queens of the cup |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/4280451/barca-2-0-atletico-madrid-pina-wins-the-crown-for-the-queens-of-the-cup |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250607222058/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/4280451/barca-2-0-atletico-madrid-pina-wins-the-crown-for-the-queens-of-the-cup |archive-date=7 June 2025 |access-date=17 July 2025 |website=FC Barcelona |language=}}</ref> [[2025–26 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2025–26]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Marsden |first1=Sam |title=Barcelona win Copa de la Reina, stay on track for quadruple |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/48794094/barcelona-win-copa-de-la-reina-stay-track-quadruple |website=espn.co.uk |access-date=17 May 2026 |language=en |date=17 May 2026}}</ref> * [[Supercopa de España Femenina|Supercopa de España]]: [[2025–26 Supercopa de España Femenina|2025–26]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Sixth Super Cup for FC Barcelona |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/4438624/sixth-super-cup-for-fc-barcelona |publisher=FC Barcelona Femení |access-date=22 April 2026 |language=en |date=24 January 2026}}</ref> * [[UEFA Women's Champions League]]: [[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League|2025–26]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rajan |first=Adwaidh |date=23 May 2026 |title=Barcelona 4–0 Lyonnes |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c2d2z06pypyt |access-date=24 May 2026 |website=BBC Sport |publisher=BBC}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://fbref.com/en/players/e395aa19/Sydney-Schertenleib Sydney Schertenleib] at FBref {{DEFAULTSORT:Schertenleib, Sydney}} [[Category:2007 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Swiss people of African-American descent]] [[Category:Sportspeople of American descent]] [[Category:Footballers wey komot Zurich]] [[Category:Swiss women's footballers]] [[Category:Women's association football midfielders]] [[Category:FC Zürich Frauen players]] [[Category:Grasshopper Club Zurich (women) players]] [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení B players]] [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení players]] [[Category:Women's Super League (Switzerland) players]] [[Category:Primera Federación (women) players]] [[Category:Liga F players]] [[Category:Switzerland women's youth international footballers]] [[Category:Switzerland women's international footballers]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Euro 2025 players]] [[Category:Swiss expatriate women's footballers]] [[Category:Swiss expatriate sportspeople insyd Spain]] [[Category:Expatriate women's footballers insyd Spain]] [[Category:21st-century Swiss sportswomen]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Champions League–winning players]] 2jducdxww5jlu5m4txpfh9758gdxb6r 0 29200 109027 109009 2026-08-04T12:47:06Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the section "International career" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1365875980|Marta Torrejón]]" 109027 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marta Torrejón Moya''' (; born 27 February 1990) be a Spanish footballer wey dey play as a defender give [[FC Barcelona (women)|FC Barcelona]], wich she dey captain, den de Catalonia national team. She formerly captain de Spain national team, wey she make 90 appearances wey she score 8 goals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jugadoras - Real Federación Española de Fútbol |url=http://rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=137 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130331112651/http://rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=137 |archive-date=31 March 2013 |access-date=31 March 2013}}</ref> == Club career == Torrejón debut insyd de Superliga Femenina give Espanyol at just 14 years old. Insyd 2011, she start insyd de final of de Copa de la Reina de Fútbol, wer dem loose insyd extra time versus ein future club, Barcelona.<ref>{{cite web |date=19 June 2011 |title=FC Barcelona, campeón de la Copa de SM La Reina tras vencer al RCD Espanyol (1–0) |url=http://www.rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=119&ID=1479 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111227112831/http://www.rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=119&ID=1479 |archive-date=27 December 2011 |access-date=30 November 2019 |publisher=rfef.es |language=Spanish}}</ref> Two years later, at age 23, she sign give for [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Marta |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/players/711820/marta |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> wey currently be de club ein vice-captain.<ref>{{cite web |title=FC Barcelona Femení on Twitter: THE CAPTAINS / LES CAPITANES / LAS CAPITANAS |url=https://twitter.com/fcbfemeni/status/1164211371388612609 |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> Torrejón win three league titles den three Copas de la Reina plus Barcelona. Insyd de 2016–17 season, Barcelona reach de semi-finals of de UEFA Champions League for de first time insyd de club ein history. Dem be knocked out 5–1 on aggregate by Paris Saint Germain, wer Torrejón start both matches.<ref>{{cite web |date=22 April 2017 |title=Barcelona-Paris- Line-ups - UEFA Women's Champions League UEFA.com |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/match/2020701--barcelona-vs-paris/lineups/ |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=29 April 2017 |title=Paris-Barcelona - UEFA Women's Champions League - UEFA.com |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/match/2020703--paris-vs-barcelona/lineups/ |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> [[File:2019-05-18_Fußball,_Frauen,_UEFA_Women's_Champions_League,_Olympique_Lyonnais_-_FC_Barcelona_StP_1192_LR10_by_Stepro.jpg|left|thumb|Torrejón on de ball during de 2019 UEFA Women's Champions League Final]] Insyd de 2018–19 season, she play an integral role insyd Barcelona ein defense as dem make am to de final of de UEFA Women's Champions League for de first time insyd de club ein history. Torrejón start both games versus Bayern, wer Barcelona win 2–0 on aggregate.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 April 2019 |title=Bayern 0–1 Barça Women: First blood to the blaugrana |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1193829/bayern-01-barca-women-first-blood-to-the-blaugrana |access-date=20 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=28 April 2019 |title=Barça Women 1–0 Bayern Munich: A historic win! |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1201955/barca-women-1-0-bayern-munich-a-historic-win |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> On 18 May 2019, Torrejón start insyd FCB Femení ein first ever UWCL final versus Lyon, wey dem go on to win de match 4–1.<ref>{{cite web |date=18 May 2019 |title=Olympique Lyonnais 4 – 1 FC Barcelona: Runners up in Europe |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1222841/olympique-lyonnais-4-1-fc-barcelona-runners-up-in-europe |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> Insyd 2020, Torrejón feature for both matches insyd de first edition of de Supercopa Femenina. Insyd de final against Real Sociedad, she score 4 of Barcelona ein 10 goals wey na dem name am MVP of de tournament.<ref>{{cite web |date=9 February 2020 |title=Real Sociedad 1–10 Barça Women: Super Cup Champions! |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1606145/real-sociedad-1-10-barca-women-super-cup-champions |access-date=9 February 2020 |website=fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Despite she take a secondary role as either wingback anaa central defender insyd de 2023–24 season, na Torrejón reliably be used insyd de league wey she score eight goals – ''Sport'' consider am a "luxury" as a defensive substitute wey dey offer attacking drive.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tikas |first=Maria |date=2024-05-30 |title=El 1x1 de una temporada perfecta |url=https://www-sport-es.translate.goog/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/1x1-temporada-perfecta-103107077 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240707000153/https://www-sport-es.translate.goog/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/1x1-temporada-perfecta-103107077 |archive-date=7 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-07 |website=Diario Sport |language=es}}</ref> == International career == Torrejón make ein senior Spain national team debut insyd November 2007, a 1–0 defeat to England insyd Shrewsbury.<ref>{{cite web |last=Roldán |first=Isabel |date=20 November 2007 |title=Vilas y Torrejón, nuevas caras para la Absoluta |trans-title=Vilas and Torrejón, new faces for the Absolute |url=http://futbol.as.com/futbol/2007/11/20/mas_futbol/1195543681_850215.html |access-date=3 August 2013 |publisher=[[Diario AS]] |language=Spanish}}</ref> Insyd June 2013, national team coach Ignacio Quereda select Torrejón insyd de squad for UEFA Euro 2013 insyd Sweden.<ref>{{cite web |date=29 June 2013 |title=Spain stick with tried and trusted |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenseuro/news/020a-0e1419947790-c24e4777e0f1-1000--spain-stick-with-tried-and-trusted/ |access-date=3 August 2013 |work=[[UEFA]]}}</ref> She play every minute of Spain ein campaign, wich end plus a 3–1 defeat to Norway insyd de quarter-finals. Na she be part of Spain ein squad for de 2015 World Cup insyd [[Canada]], wey she play every minute of de team ein campaign. After Spain ein poor performance of two losses den a draw insyd de group stages, na dem call she den ein 22 teammates from de tournament for coach Ignacio Quereda ein resignation from de national team.<ref>{{cite web |title=Spain's Women's team feel Quereda's time is up -AS.com |url=https://as.com/diarioas/2015/06/19/english/1434746146_035034.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170423083039/http://as.com/diarioas/2015/06/19/english/1434746146_035034.html |archive-date=23 April 2017 |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> On 20 May 2019, dem call Torrejón up to de Spain squad for de 2019 FIFA World Cup.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 May 2019 |title=Estas son las convocadas de la Selección española femenina para la Copa Mundial de Francia |trans-title=These are the summoned of the Spanish women's team for the World Cup in France |url=https://www.sefutbol.com/oficial-estas-son-convocadas-seleccion-espanola-femenina-copa-mundial-francia |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190531021631/https://www.sefutbol.com/oficial-estas-son-convocadas-seleccion-espanola-femenina-copa-mundial-francia |archive-date=31 May 2019 |access-date=22 May 2019 |website=[[Spain women's national football team|SeFutbol]] |publisher=[[Royal Spanish Football Federation]] |language=es}}</ref> She play two games at de 2019 World Cup insyd [[France]].<ref>{{cite web |title=FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019™ - Players - Marta TORREJON - Marta Torrejón |url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player/387132/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608143030/https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player/387132/ |archive-date=8 June 2019 |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> De match against Germany go end up e be ein final appearance for Spain. After de 2019 World Cup, she announce ein retirement from de national team on Twitter.<ref>{{cite web |date=19 August 2019 |title=Marta Torrejon on Twitter: "Comunicado oficial. / Twitter |url=https://twitter.com/marta_torre5/status/1163369171411001345 |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> She retire plus de most ever caps for a Spanish women's national team player plus 90.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2019 |title=El fútbol español rinde homenaje a Silvia Meseguer y Marta Torrejón |url=https://www.sefutbol.com/futbol-espanol-rinde-homenaje-silvia-meseguer-y-marta-torrejon |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804083428/https://www.sefutbol.com/futbol-espanol-rinde-homenaje-silvia-meseguer-y-marta-torrejon |archive-date=4 August 2020 |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> Ein record later be surpassed by Alexia Putellas on 26 October 2021.<ref>{{cite web |last=Reinoso |first=Mario |date=26 October 2021 |title=Ucrania - España en directo: clasificación Mundial femenino 2023 en vivo |url=https://as.com/futbol/2021/10/26/femenino/1635248079_550653.html |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=as.com |publisher=[[Diario AS]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Alexia Putellas ya es la jugadora con más partidos en la historia de la Selección española |url=https://www.sefutbol.com/alexia-putellas-ya-es-jugadora-mas-partidos-historia-seleccion-espanola |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028095920/https://www.sefutbol.com/alexia-putellas-ya-es-jugadora-mas-partidos-historia-seleccion-espanola |archive-date=28 October 2021 |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=sefutbol.com |publisher=[[Royal Spanish Football Federation]]}}</ref> 6eg39eh7av2u9czlpwlnp2atpk3fucz 109029 109027 2026-08-04T15:33:41Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the section "Personal life" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1365875980|Marta Torrejón]]" 109029 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marta Torrejón Moya''' (; born 27 February 1990) be a Spanish footballer wey dey play as a defender give [[FC Barcelona (women)|FC Barcelona]], wich she dey captain, den de Catalonia national team. She formerly captain de Spain national team, wey she make 90 appearances wey she score 8 goals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jugadoras - Real Federación Española de Fútbol |url=http://rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=137 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130331112651/http://rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=137 |archive-date=31 March 2013 |access-date=31 March 2013}}</ref> == Club career == Torrejón debut insyd de Superliga Femenina give Espanyol at just 14 years old. Insyd 2011, she start insyd de final of de Copa de la Reina de Fútbol, wer dem loose insyd extra time versus ein future club, Barcelona.<ref>{{cite web |date=19 June 2011 |title=FC Barcelona, campeón de la Copa de SM La Reina tras vencer al RCD Espanyol (1–0) |url=http://www.rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=119&ID=1479 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111227112831/http://www.rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=119&ID=1479 |archive-date=27 December 2011 |access-date=30 November 2019 |publisher=rfef.es |language=Spanish}}</ref> Two years later, at age 23, she sign give for [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Marta |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/players/711820/marta |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> wey currently be de club ein vice-captain.<ref>{{cite web |title=FC Barcelona Femení on Twitter: THE CAPTAINS / LES CAPITANES / LAS CAPITANAS |url=https://twitter.com/fcbfemeni/status/1164211371388612609 |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> Torrejón win three league titles den three Copas de la Reina plus Barcelona. Insyd de 2016–17 season, Barcelona reach de semi-finals of de UEFA Champions League for de first time insyd de club ein history. Dem be knocked out 5–1 on aggregate by Paris Saint Germain, wer Torrejón start both matches.<ref>{{cite web |date=22 April 2017 |title=Barcelona-Paris- Line-ups - UEFA Women's Champions League UEFA.com |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/match/2020701--barcelona-vs-paris/lineups/ |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=29 April 2017 |title=Paris-Barcelona - UEFA Women's Champions League - UEFA.com |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/match/2020703--paris-vs-barcelona/lineups/ |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> [[File:2019-05-18_Fußball,_Frauen,_UEFA_Women's_Champions_League,_Olympique_Lyonnais_-_FC_Barcelona_StP_1192_LR10_by_Stepro.jpg|left|thumb|Torrejón on de ball during de 2019 UEFA Women's Champions League Final]] Insyd de 2018–19 season, she play an integral role insyd Barcelona ein defense as dem make am to de final of de UEFA Women's Champions League for de first time insyd de club ein history. Torrejón start both games versus Bayern, wer Barcelona win 2–0 on aggregate.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 April 2019 |title=Bayern 0–1 Barça Women: First blood to the blaugrana |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1193829/bayern-01-barca-women-first-blood-to-the-blaugrana |access-date=20 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=28 April 2019 |title=Barça Women 1–0 Bayern Munich: A historic win! |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1201955/barca-women-1-0-bayern-munich-a-historic-win |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> On 18 May 2019, Torrejón start insyd FCB Femení ein first ever UWCL final versus Lyon, wey dem go on to win de match 4–1.<ref>{{cite web |date=18 May 2019 |title=Olympique Lyonnais 4 – 1 FC Barcelona: Runners up in Europe |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1222841/olympique-lyonnais-4-1-fc-barcelona-runners-up-in-europe |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> Insyd 2020, Torrejón feature for both matches insyd de first edition of de Supercopa Femenina. Insyd de final against Real Sociedad, she score 4 of Barcelona ein 10 goals wey na dem name am MVP of de tournament.<ref>{{cite web |date=9 February 2020 |title=Real Sociedad 1–10 Barça Women: Super Cup Champions! |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1606145/real-sociedad-1-10-barca-women-super-cup-champions |access-date=9 February 2020 |website=fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Despite she take a secondary role as either wingback anaa central defender insyd de 2023–24 season, na Torrejón reliably be used insyd de league wey she score eight goals – ''Sport'' consider am a "luxury" as a defensive substitute wey dey offer attacking drive.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tikas |first=Maria |date=2024-05-30 |title=El 1x1 de una temporada perfecta |url=https://www-sport-es.translate.goog/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/1x1-temporada-perfecta-103107077 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240707000153/https://www-sport-es.translate.goog/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/1x1-temporada-perfecta-103107077 |archive-date=7 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-07 |website=Diario Sport |language=es}}</ref> == International career == Torrejón make ein senior Spain national team debut insyd November 2007, a 1–0 defeat to England insyd Shrewsbury.<ref>{{cite web |last=Roldán |first=Isabel |date=20 November 2007 |title=Vilas y Torrejón, nuevas caras para la Absoluta |trans-title=Vilas and Torrejón, new faces for the Absolute |url=http://futbol.as.com/futbol/2007/11/20/mas_futbol/1195543681_850215.html |access-date=3 August 2013 |publisher=[[Diario AS]] |language=Spanish}}</ref> Insyd June 2013, national team coach Ignacio Quereda select Torrejón insyd de squad for UEFA Euro 2013 insyd Sweden.<ref>{{cite web |date=29 June 2013 |title=Spain stick with tried and trusted |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenseuro/news/020a-0e1419947790-c24e4777e0f1-1000--spain-stick-with-tried-and-trusted/ |access-date=3 August 2013 |work=[[UEFA]]}}</ref> She play every minute of Spain ein campaign, wich end plus a 3–1 defeat to Norway insyd de quarter-finals. Na she be part of Spain ein squad for de 2015 World Cup insyd [[Canada]], wey she play every minute of de team ein campaign. After Spain ein poor performance of two losses den a draw insyd de group stages, na dem call she den ein 22 teammates from de tournament for coach Ignacio Quereda ein resignation from de national team.<ref>{{cite web |title=Spain's Women's team feel Quereda's time is up -AS.com |url=https://as.com/diarioas/2015/06/19/english/1434746146_035034.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170423083039/http://as.com/diarioas/2015/06/19/english/1434746146_035034.html |archive-date=23 April 2017 |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> On 20 May 2019, dem call Torrejón up to de Spain squad for de 2019 FIFA World Cup.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 May 2019 |title=Estas son las convocadas de la Selección española femenina para la Copa Mundial de Francia |trans-title=These are the summoned of the Spanish women's team for the World Cup in France |url=https://www.sefutbol.com/oficial-estas-son-convocadas-seleccion-espanola-femenina-copa-mundial-francia |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190531021631/https://www.sefutbol.com/oficial-estas-son-convocadas-seleccion-espanola-femenina-copa-mundial-francia |archive-date=31 May 2019 |access-date=22 May 2019 |website=[[Spain women's national football team|SeFutbol]] |publisher=[[Royal Spanish Football Federation]] |language=es}}</ref> She play two games at de 2019 World Cup insyd [[France]].<ref>{{cite web |title=FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019™ - Players - Marta TORREJON - Marta Torrejón |url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player/387132/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608143030/https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player/387132/ |archive-date=8 June 2019 |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> De match against Germany go end up e be ein final appearance for Spain. After de 2019 World Cup, she announce ein retirement from de national team on Twitter.<ref>{{cite web |date=19 August 2019 |title=Marta Torrejon on Twitter: "Comunicado oficial. / Twitter |url=https://twitter.com/marta_torre5/status/1163369171411001345 |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> She retire plus de most ever caps for a Spanish women's national team player plus 90.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2019 |title=El fútbol español rinde homenaje a Silvia Meseguer y Marta Torrejón |url=https://www.sefutbol.com/futbol-espanol-rinde-homenaje-silvia-meseguer-y-marta-torrejon |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804083428/https://www.sefutbol.com/futbol-espanol-rinde-homenaje-silvia-meseguer-y-marta-torrejon |archive-date=4 August 2020 |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> Ein record later be surpassed by Alexia Putellas on 26 October 2021.<ref>{{cite web |last=Reinoso |first=Mario |date=26 October 2021 |title=Ucrania - España en directo: clasificación Mundial femenino 2023 en vivo |url=https://as.com/futbol/2021/10/26/femenino/1635248079_550653.html |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=as.com |publisher=[[Diario AS]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Alexia Putellas ya es la jugadora con más partidos en la historia de la Selección española |url=https://www.sefutbol.com/alexia-putellas-ya-es-jugadora-mas-partidos-historia-seleccion-espanola |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028095920/https://www.sefutbol.com/alexia-putellas-ya-es-jugadora-mas-partidos-historia-seleccion-espanola |archive-date=28 October 2021 |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=sefutbol.com |publisher=[[Royal Spanish Football Federation]]}}</ref> == Personal life == Ein bro Marc Torrejón be a former footballer.<ref>{{cite web |last=Roldán |first=Isabel |date=22 October 2011 |title=No acostumbran a compararme con mi hermano Marc |trans-title=I'm not compared to my brother Marc very often |url=http://www.as.com/futbol/articulo/acostumbran-compararme-hermano-marc/20111022dasdaiftb_34/Tes |access-date=13 May 2013 |publisher=[[Diario AS]] |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=9 February 2017 |title=Europe's footballing brothers and sisters |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/0236-0e1677d61ea9-e7a5ba3b7978-1000--europe-s-footballing-brothers-and-sisters/ |publisher=[[UEFA]]}}</ref> She get a degree insyd Biology, wey she currently dey study History den Geography from a university insyd Barcelona.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Marta Torrejón says bye to Spain women's soccer team |url=https://talentoabordo.com/en/sport/marta-torrejon |access-date=2025-03-18 |website=talentoabordo.com}}</ref> 9s97zzb7yv8hsxtokarrniamfyclibz 109050 109029 2026-08-04T18:05:22Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 109050 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Marta Torrejón Moya''' (Spanish pronunciation: &#x5B;ˈmaɾta toreˈxom ˈmoʝa&#x5D;; born 27 February 1990) be a Spanish footballer wey dey play as a defender give [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]], wich she dey captain, den de Catalonia national team. She formerly captain de Spain national team, wey she make 90 appearances wey she score 8 goals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jugadoras - Real Federación Española de Fútbol |url=http://rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=137 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130331112651/http://rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=137 |archive-date=31 March 2013 |access-date=31 March 2013}}</ref> == Club career == Torrejón debut insyd de Superliga Femenina give Espanyol at just 14 years old. Insyd 2011, she start insyd de final of de Copa de la Reina de Fútbol, wer dem loose insyd extra time versus ein future club, Barcelona.<ref>{{cite web |date=19 June 2011 |title=FC Barcelona, campeón de la Copa de SM La Reina tras vencer al RCD Espanyol (1–0) |url=http://www.rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=119&ID=1479 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111227112831/http://www.rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=119&ID=1479 |archive-date=27 December 2011 |access-date=30 November 2019 |publisher=rfef.es |language=Spanish}}</ref> Two years later, at age 23, she sign give for [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Marta |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/players/711820/marta |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> wey currently be de club ein vice-captain.<ref>{{cite web |title=FC Barcelona Femení on Twitter: THE CAPTAINS / LES CAPITANES / LAS CAPITANAS |url=https://twitter.com/fcbfemeni/status/1164211371388612609 |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> Torrejón win three league titles den three Copas de la Reina plus Barcelona. Insyd de 2016–17 season, Barcelona reach de semi-finals of de UEFA Champions League for de first time insyd de club ein history. Dem be knocked out 5–1 on aggregate by Paris Saint Germain, wer Torrejón start both matches.<ref>{{cite web |date=22 April 2017 |title=Barcelona-Paris- Line-ups - UEFA Women's Champions League UEFA.com |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/match/2020701--barcelona-vs-paris/lineups/ |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=29 April 2017 |title=Paris-Barcelona - UEFA Women's Champions League - UEFA.com |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/match/2020703--paris-vs-barcelona/lineups/ |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> [[File:2019-05-18_Fußball,_Frauen,_UEFA_Women's_Champions_League,_Olympique_Lyonnais_-_FC_Barcelona_StP_1192_LR10_by_Stepro.jpg|left|thumb|Torrejón on de ball during de 2019 UEFA Women's Champions League Final]] Insyd de 2018–19 season, she play an integral role insyd Barcelona ein defense as dem make am to de final of de UEFA Women's Champions League for de first time insyd de club ein history. Torrejón start both games versus Bayern, wer Barcelona win 2–0 on aggregate.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 April 2019 |title=Bayern 0–1 Barça Women: First blood to the blaugrana |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1193829/bayern-01-barca-women-first-blood-to-the-blaugrana |access-date=20 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=28 April 2019 |title=Barça Women 1–0 Bayern Munich: A historic win! |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1201955/barca-women-1-0-bayern-munich-a-historic-win |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> On 18 May 2019, Torrejón start insyd FCB Femení ein first ever UWCL final versus Lyon, wey dem go on to win de match 4–1.<ref>{{cite web |date=18 May 2019 |title=Olympique Lyonnais 4 – 1 FC Barcelona: Runners up in Europe |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1222841/olympique-lyonnais-4-1-fc-barcelona-runners-up-in-europe |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> Insyd 2020, Torrejón feature for both matches insyd de first edition of de Supercopa Femenina. Insyd de final against Real Sociedad, she score 4 of Barcelona ein 10 goals wey na dem name am MVP of de tournament.<ref>{{cite web |date=9 February 2020 |title=Real Sociedad 1–10 Barça Women: Super Cup Champions! |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1606145/real-sociedad-1-10-barca-women-super-cup-champions |access-date=9 February 2020 |website=fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Despite she take a secondary role as either wingback anaa central defender insyd de 2023–24 season, na Torrejón reliably be used insyd de league wey she score eight goals – ''Sport'' consider am a "luxury" as a defensive substitute wey dey offer attacking drive.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tikas |first=Maria |date=2024-05-30 |title=El 1x1 de una temporada perfecta |url=https://www-sport-es.translate.goog/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/1x1-temporada-perfecta-103107077 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240707000153/https://www-sport-es.translate.goog/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/1x1-temporada-perfecta-103107077 |archive-date=7 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-07 |website=Diario Sport |language=es}}</ref> == International career == Torrejón make ein senior Spain national team debut insyd November 2007, a 1–0 defeat to England insyd Shrewsbury.<ref>{{cite web |last=Roldán |first=Isabel |date=20 November 2007 |title=Vilas y Torrejón, nuevas caras para la Absoluta |trans-title=Vilas and Torrejón, new faces for the Absolute |url=http://futbol.as.com/futbol/2007/11/20/mas_futbol/1195543681_850215.html |access-date=3 August 2013 |publisher=[[Diario AS]] |language=Spanish}}</ref> Insyd June 2013, national team coach Ignacio Quereda select Torrejón insyd de squad for UEFA Euro 2013 insyd Sweden.<ref>{{cite web |date=29 June 2013 |title=Spain stick with tried and trusted |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenseuro/news/020a-0e1419947790-c24e4777e0f1-1000--spain-stick-with-tried-and-trusted/ |access-date=3 August 2013 |work=[[UEFA]]}}</ref> She play every minute of Spain ein campaign, wich end plus a 3–1 defeat to Norway insyd de quarter-finals. Na she be part of Spain ein squad for de 2015 World Cup insyd [[Canada]], wey she play every minute of de team ein campaign. After Spain ein poor performance of two losses den a draw insyd de group stages, na dem call she den ein 22 teammates from de tournament for coach Ignacio Quereda ein resignation from de national team.<ref>{{cite web |title=Spain's Women's team feel Quereda's time is up -AS.com |url=https://as.com/diarioas/2015/06/19/english/1434746146_035034.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170423083039/http://as.com/diarioas/2015/06/19/english/1434746146_035034.html |archive-date=23 April 2017 |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> On 20 May 2019, dem call Torrejón up to de Spain squad for de 2019 FIFA World Cup.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 May 2019 |title=Estas son las convocadas de la Selección española femenina para la Copa Mundial de Francia |trans-title=These are the summoned of the Spanish women's team for the World Cup in France |url=https://www.sefutbol.com/oficial-estas-son-convocadas-seleccion-espanola-femenina-copa-mundial-francia |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190531021631/https://www.sefutbol.com/oficial-estas-son-convocadas-seleccion-espanola-femenina-copa-mundial-francia |archive-date=31 May 2019 |access-date=22 May 2019 |website=[[Spain women's national football team|SeFutbol]] |publisher=[[Royal Spanish Football Federation]] |language=es}}</ref> She play two games at de 2019 World Cup insyd [[France]].<ref>{{cite web |title=FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019™ - Players - Marta TORREJON - Marta Torrejón |url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player/387132/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608143030/https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player/387132/ |archive-date=8 June 2019 |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> De match against Germany go end up e be ein final appearance for Spain. After de 2019 World Cup, she announce ein retirement from de national team on Twitter.<ref>{{cite web |date=19 August 2019 |title=Marta Torrejon on Twitter: "Comunicado oficial. / Twitter |url=https://twitter.com/marta_torre5/status/1163369171411001345 |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> She retire plus de most ever caps for a Spanish women's national team player plus 90.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2019 |title=El fútbol español rinde homenaje a Silvia Meseguer y Marta Torrejón |url=https://www.sefutbol.com/futbol-espanol-rinde-homenaje-silvia-meseguer-y-marta-torrejon |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804083428/https://www.sefutbol.com/futbol-espanol-rinde-homenaje-silvia-meseguer-y-marta-torrejon |archive-date=4 August 2020 |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> Ein record later be surpassed by Alexia Putellas on 26 October 2021.<ref>{{cite web |last=Reinoso |first=Mario |date=26 October 2021 |title=Ucrania - España en directo: clasificación Mundial femenino 2023 en vivo |url=https://as.com/futbol/2021/10/26/femenino/1635248079_550653.html |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=as.com |publisher=[[Diario AS]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Alexia Putellas ya es la jugadora con más partidos en la historia de la Selección española |url=https://www.sefutbol.com/alexia-putellas-ya-es-jugadora-mas-partidos-historia-seleccion-espanola |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028095920/https://www.sefutbol.com/alexia-putellas-ya-es-jugadora-mas-partidos-historia-seleccion-espanola |archive-date=28 October 2021 |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=sefutbol.com |publisher=[[Royal Spanish Football Federation]]}}</ref> == Personal life == Ein bro Marc Torrejón be a former footballer.<ref>{{cite web |last=Roldán |first=Isabel |date=22 October 2011 |title=No acostumbran a compararme con mi hermano Marc |trans-title=I'm not compared to my brother Marc very often |url=http://www.as.com/futbol/articulo/acostumbran-compararme-hermano-marc/20111022dasdaiftb_34/Tes |access-date=13 May 2013 |publisher=[[Diario AS]] |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=9 February 2017 |title=Europe's footballing brothers and sisters |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/0236-0e1677d61ea9-e7a5ba3b7978-1000--europe-s-footballing-brothers-and-sisters/ |publisher=[[UEFA]]}}</ref> She get a degree insyd Biology, wey she currently dey study History den Geography from a university insyd Barcelona.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Marta Torrejón says bye to Spain women's soccer team |url=https://talentoabordo.com/en/sport/marta-torrejon |access-date=2025-03-18 |website=talentoabordo.com}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/players/711820/marta-torrejon Marta Torrejón] at FC Barcelona * [https://www.bdfutbol.com/en/c/jugador.html?id=979 Marta Torrejón] at BDFutbol {{DEFAULTSORT:Torrejon, Marta}} [[Category:1990 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Spanish women's footballers]] [[Category:Spain women's international footballers]] [[Category:Liga F players]] [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení players]] [[Category:RCD Espanyol (women) players]] [[Category:Footballers wey komot Mataró]] [[Category:Women's association football defenders]] [[Category:2015 FIFA Women's World Cup players]] [[Category:2019 FIFA Women's World Cup players]] [[Category:Sportswomen wey komot Catalonia]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Euro 2017 players]] [[Category:Spain women's youth international footballers]] [[Category:Catalonia women's international footballers]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Champions League–winning players]] [[Category:21st-century Spanish sportswomen]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Euro 2013 players]] 87j1d0xaa6ul2io3d2q0tnp3bmd0ig1 109057 109050 2026-08-04T22:41:16Z DaSupremo 9 /* Career statistics */ Improve article 109057 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Marta Torrejón Moya''' (Spanish pronunciation: &#x5B;ˈmaɾta toreˈxom ˈmoʝa&#x5D;; born 27 February 1990) be a Spanish footballer wey dey play as a defender give [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]], wich she dey captain, den de Catalonia national team. She formerly captain de Spain national team, wey she make 90 appearances wey she score 8 goals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jugadoras - Real Federación Española de Fútbol |url=http://rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=137 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130331112651/http://rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=137 |archive-date=31 March 2013 |access-date=31 March 2013}}</ref> == Club career == Torrejón debut insyd de Superliga Femenina give Espanyol at just 14 years old. Insyd 2011, she start insyd de final of de Copa de la Reina de Fútbol, wer dem loose insyd extra time versus ein future club, Barcelona.<ref>{{cite web |date=19 June 2011 |title=FC Barcelona, campeón de la Copa de SM La Reina tras vencer al RCD Espanyol (1–0) |url=http://www.rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=119&ID=1479 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111227112831/http://www.rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=119&ID=1479 |archive-date=27 December 2011 |access-date=30 November 2019 |publisher=rfef.es |language=Spanish}}</ref> Two years later, at age 23, she sign give for [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Marta |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/players/711820/marta |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> wey currently be de club ein vice-captain.<ref>{{cite web |title=FC Barcelona Femení on Twitter: THE CAPTAINS / LES CAPITANES / LAS CAPITANAS |url=https://twitter.com/fcbfemeni/status/1164211371388612609 |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> Torrejón win three league titles den three Copas de la Reina plus Barcelona. Insyd de 2016–17 season, Barcelona reach de semi-finals of de UEFA Champions League for de first time insyd de club ein history. Dem be knocked out 5–1 on aggregate by Paris Saint Germain, wer Torrejón start both matches.<ref>{{cite web |date=22 April 2017 |title=Barcelona-Paris- Line-ups - UEFA Women's Champions League UEFA.com |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/match/2020701--barcelona-vs-paris/lineups/ |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=29 April 2017 |title=Paris-Barcelona - UEFA Women's Champions League - UEFA.com |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/match/2020703--paris-vs-barcelona/lineups/ |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> [[File:2019-05-18_Fußball,_Frauen,_UEFA_Women's_Champions_League,_Olympique_Lyonnais_-_FC_Barcelona_StP_1192_LR10_by_Stepro.jpg|left|thumb|Torrejón on de ball during de 2019 UEFA Women's Champions League Final]] Insyd de 2018–19 season, she play an integral role insyd Barcelona ein defense as dem make am to de final of de UEFA Women's Champions League for de first time insyd de club ein history. Torrejón start both games versus Bayern, wer Barcelona win 2–0 on aggregate.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 April 2019 |title=Bayern 0–1 Barça Women: First blood to the blaugrana |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1193829/bayern-01-barca-women-first-blood-to-the-blaugrana |access-date=20 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=28 April 2019 |title=Barça Women 1–0 Bayern Munich: A historic win! |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1201955/barca-women-1-0-bayern-munich-a-historic-win |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> On 18 May 2019, Torrejón start insyd FCB Femení ein first ever UWCL final versus Lyon, wey dem go on to win de match 4–1.<ref>{{cite web |date=18 May 2019 |title=Olympique Lyonnais 4 – 1 FC Barcelona: Runners up in Europe |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1222841/olympique-lyonnais-4-1-fc-barcelona-runners-up-in-europe |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> Insyd 2020, Torrejón feature for both matches insyd de first edition of de Supercopa Femenina. Insyd de final against Real Sociedad, she score 4 of Barcelona ein 10 goals wey na dem name am MVP of de tournament.<ref>{{cite web |date=9 February 2020 |title=Real Sociedad 1–10 Barça Women: Super Cup Champions! |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1606145/real-sociedad-1-10-barca-women-super-cup-champions |access-date=9 February 2020 |website=fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Despite she take a secondary role as either wingback anaa central defender insyd de 2023–24 season, na Torrejón reliably be used insyd de league wey she score eight goals – ''Sport'' consider am a "luxury" as a defensive substitute wey dey offer attacking drive.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tikas |first=Maria |date=2024-05-30 |title=El 1x1 de una temporada perfecta |url=https://www-sport-es.translate.goog/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/1x1-temporada-perfecta-103107077 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240707000153/https://www-sport-es.translate.goog/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/1x1-temporada-perfecta-103107077 |archive-date=7 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-07 |website=Diario Sport |language=es}}</ref> == International career == Torrejón make ein senior Spain national team debut insyd November 2007, a 1–0 defeat to England insyd Shrewsbury.<ref>{{cite web |last=Roldán |first=Isabel |date=20 November 2007 |title=Vilas y Torrejón, nuevas caras para la Absoluta |trans-title=Vilas and Torrejón, new faces for the Absolute |url=http://futbol.as.com/futbol/2007/11/20/mas_futbol/1195543681_850215.html |access-date=3 August 2013 |publisher=[[Diario AS]] |language=Spanish}}</ref> Insyd June 2013, national team coach Ignacio Quereda select Torrejón insyd de squad for UEFA Euro 2013 insyd Sweden.<ref>{{cite web |date=29 June 2013 |title=Spain stick with tried and trusted |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenseuro/news/020a-0e1419947790-c24e4777e0f1-1000--spain-stick-with-tried-and-trusted/ |access-date=3 August 2013 |work=[[UEFA]]}}</ref> She play every minute of Spain ein campaign, wich end plus a 3–1 defeat to Norway insyd de quarter-finals. Na she be part of Spain ein squad for de 2015 World Cup insyd [[Canada]], wey she play every minute of de team ein campaign. After Spain ein poor performance of two losses den a draw insyd de group stages, na dem call she den ein 22 teammates from de tournament for coach Ignacio Quereda ein resignation from de national team.<ref>{{cite web |title=Spain's Women's team feel Quereda's time is up -AS.com |url=https://as.com/diarioas/2015/06/19/english/1434746146_035034.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170423083039/http://as.com/diarioas/2015/06/19/english/1434746146_035034.html |archive-date=23 April 2017 |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> On 20 May 2019, dem call Torrejón up to de Spain squad for de 2019 FIFA World Cup.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 May 2019 |title=Estas son las convocadas de la Selección española femenina para la Copa Mundial de Francia |trans-title=These are the summoned of the Spanish women's team for the World Cup in France |url=https://www.sefutbol.com/oficial-estas-son-convocadas-seleccion-espanola-femenina-copa-mundial-francia |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190531021631/https://www.sefutbol.com/oficial-estas-son-convocadas-seleccion-espanola-femenina-copa-mundial-francia |archive-date=31 May 2019 |access-date=22 May 2019 |website=[[Spain women's national football team|SeFutbol]] |publisher=[[Royal Spanish Football Federation]] |language=es}}</ref> She play two games at de 2019 World Cup insyd [[France]].<ref>{{cite web |title=FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019™ - Players - Marta TORREJON - Marta Torrejón |url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player/387132/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608143030/https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player/387132/ |archive-date=8 June 2019 |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> De match against Germany go end up e be ein final appearance for Spain. After de 2019 World Cup, she announce ein retirement from de national team on Twitter.<ref>{{cite web |date=19 August 2019 |title=Marta Torrejon on Twitter: "Comunicado oficial. / Twitter |url=https://twitter.com/marta_torre5/status/1163369171411001345 |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> She retire plus de most ever caps for a Spanish women's national team player plus 90.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2019 |title=El fútbol español rinde homenaje a Silvia Meseguer y Marta Torrejón |url=https://www.sefutbol.com/futbol-espanol-rinde-homenaje-silvia-meseguer-y-marta-torrejon |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804083428/https://www.sefutbol.com/futbol-espanol-rinde-homenaje-silvia-meseguer-y-marta-torrejon |archive-date=4 August 2020 |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> Ein record later be surpassed by Alexia Putellas on 26 October 2021.<ref>{{cite web |last=Reinoso |first=Mario |date=26 October 2021 |title=Ucrania - España en directo: clasificación Mundial femenino 2023 en vivo |url=https://as.com/futbol/2021/10/26/femenino/1635248079_550653.html |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=as.com |publisher=[[Diario AS]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Alexia Putellas ya es la jugadora con más partidos en la historia de la Selección española |url=https://www.sefutbol.com/alexia-putellas-ya-es-jugadora-mas-partidos-historia-seleccion-espanola |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028095920/https://www.sefutbol.com/alexia-putellas-ya-es-jugadora-mas-partidos-historia-seleccion-espanola |archive-date=28 October 2021 |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=sefutbol.com |publisher=[[Royal Spanish Football Federation]]}}</ref> == Personal life == Ein bro Marc Torrejón be a former footballer.<ref>{{cite web |last=Roldán |first=Isabel |date=22 October 2011 |title=No acostumbran a compararme con mi hermano Marc |trans-title=I'm not compared to my brother Marc very often |url=http://www.as.com/futbol/articulo/acostumbran-compararme-hermano-marc/20111022dasdaiftb_34/Tes |access-date=13 May 2013 |publisher=[[Diario AS]] |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=9 February 2017 |title=Europe's footballing brothers and sisters |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/0236-0e1677d61ea9-e7a5ba3b7978-1000--europe-s-footballing-brothers-and-sisters/ |publisher=[[UEFA]]}}</ref> She get a degree insyd Biology, wey she currently dey study History den Geography from a university insyd Barcelona.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Marta Torrejón says bye to Spain women's soccer team |url=https://talentoabordo.com/en/sport/marta-torrejon |access-date=2025-03-18 |website=talentoabordo.com}}</ref> ==Career statistics== ===International=== {{updated|match played 25 June 2019}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+ Appearances den goals by national team den year |- !National team!!Year!!Apps!!Goals |- |rowspan=13|[[Spain women's national football team|Spain]] |2007||1||0 |- |2008||6||1 |- |2009||4||0 |- |2010||3||1 |- |2011||5||0 |- |2012||7||1 |- |2013||11||1 |- |2014||7||1 |- |2015||13||1 |- |2016||9||2 |- |2017||14||0 |- |2018||3||0 |- |2019||7||0 |- !colspan=2|Total!!90!!8 |} :''Scores den results list Spain ein goal tally first, score column dey indicate score after each Torrejón goal.'' {| class="wikitable" |+ List of international goals wey Marta Torrejón score |- !scope="col"|No. !scope="col"|Date !scope="col"|Venue !scope="col"|Opponent !scope="col"|Score !scope="col"|Result !scope="col"|Competition !scope="col" class="unsortable"|{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}} |- |align=center|1 |{{dts|format=dmy|2008|05|08}} |[[Las Rozas de Madrid]], [[Spain]] |{{fbw|CZE}} |align=center|4–1 |align=center|4–1 |[[UEFA Women's Euro 2009 qualifying|2009 UEFA Euro qualification]] | |- |align=center|2 |{{dts|format=dmy|2010|04|07}} |[[Guadalajara, Spain|Guadalajara]], Spain |{{fbw|TUR}} |align=center|3–0 |align=center|5–1 |[[2011 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification (UEFA)|2011 FIFA World Cup qualification]] | |- |align=center|3 |{{dts|format=dmy|2012|04|05}} |Las Rozas de Madrid, Spain |{{fbw|KAZ}} |align=center|12–0 |align=center|13–0 |[[UEFA Women's Euro 2013 qualifying|2013 UEFA Euro qualification]] | |- |align=center|4 |{{dts|format=dmy|2013|10|27}} |[[Collado Villalba|Collado]], Spain |{{fbw|EST}} |align=center|2–0 |align=center|6–0 |rowspan=2|[[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification (UEFA)|2015 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification]] | |- |align=center|5 |{{dts|format=dmy|2014|04|10}} |[[Skopje]], [[North Macedonia]] |{{fbw|MKD}} |align=center|3–0 |align=center|10–0 |- |align=center|6 |{{dts|format=dmy|2015|02|11}} |[[San Pedro del Pinatar]], Spain |{{fbw|BEL}} |align=center|1–0 |align=center|2–1 |[[Exhibition match|Friendly]] | |- |align=center|7 |{{dts|format=dmy|2016|09|26}} |[[Leganés]], Spain |{{fbw|FIN}} |align=center|1–0 |align=center|5–0 |[[UEFA Women's Euro 2017 qualifying|2017 UEFA Euro qualification]] | |- |align=center|8 |{{dts|format=dmy|2016|10|25}} |Guadalajara, Spain |{{fbw|ENG}} |align=center|1–1 |align=center|1–2 |Friendly | |} == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/players/711820/marta-torrejon Marta Torrejón] at FC Barcelona * [https://www.bdfutbol.com/en/c/jugador.html?id=979 Marta Torrejón] at BDFutbol {{DEFAULTSORT:Torrejon, Marta}} [[Category:1990 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Spanish women's footballers]] [[Category:Spain women's international footballers]] [[Category:Liga F players]] [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení players]] [[Category:RCD Espanyol (women) players]] [[Category:Footballers wey komot Mataró]] [[Category:Women's association football defenders]] [[Category:2015 FIFA Women's World Cup players]] [[Category:2019 FIFA Women's World Cup players]] [[Category:Sportswomen wey komot Catalonia]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Euro 2017 players]] [[Category:Spain women's youth international footballers]] [[Category:Catalonia women's international footballers]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Champions League–winning players]] [[Category:21st-century Spanish sportswomen]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Euro 2013 players]] 7mc47hik4v7hv7dp2opy2cf0nby4iuw 109058 109057 2026-08-04T22:46:19Z DaSupremo 9 /* Honours */ Improve article 109058 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Marta Torrejón Moya''' (Spanish pronunciation: &#x5B;ˈmaɾta toreˈxom ˈmoʝa&#x5D;; born 27 February 1990) be a Spanish footballer wey dey play as a defender give [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]], wich she dey captain, den de Catalonia national team. She formerly captain de Spain national team, wey she make 90 appearances wey she score 8 goals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jugadoras - Real Federación Española de Fútbol |url=http://rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=137 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130331112651/http://rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=137 |archive-date=31 March 2013 |access-date=31 March 2013}}</ref> == Club career == Torrejón debut insyd de Superliga Femenina give Espanyol at just 14 years old. Insyd 2011, she start insyd de final of de Copa de la Reina de Fútbol, wer dem loose insyd extra time versus ein future club, Barcelona.<ref>{{cite web |date=19 June 2011 |title=FC Barcelona, campeón de la Copa de SM La Reina tras vencer al RCD Espanyol (1–0) |url=http://www.rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=119&ID=1479 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111227112831/http://www.rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=119&ID=1479 |archive-date=27 December 2011 |access-date=30 November 2019 |publisher=rfef.es |language=Spanish}}</ref> Two years later, at age 23, she sign give for [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Marta |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/players/711820/marta |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> wey currently be de club ein vice-captain.<ref>{{cite web |title=FC Barcelona Femení on Twitter: THE CAPTAINS / LES CAPITANES / LAS CAPITANAS |url=https://twitter.com/fcbfemeni/status/1164211371388612609 |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> Torrejón win three league titles den three Copas de la Reina plus Barcelona. Insyd de 2016–17 season, Barcelona reach de semi-finals of de UEFA Champions League for de first time insyd de club ein history. Dem be knocked out 5–1 on aggregate by Paris Saint Germain, wer Torrejón start both matches.<ref>{{cite web |date=22 April 2017 |title=Barcelona-Paris- Line-ups - UEFA Women's Champions League UEFA.com |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/match/2020701--barcelona-vs-paris/lineups/ |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=29 April 2017 |title=Paris-Barcelona - UEFA Women's Champions League - UEFA.com |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/match/2020703--paris-vs-barcelona/lineups/ |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> [[File:2019-05-18_Fußball,_Frauen,_UEFA_Women's_Champions_League,_Olympique_Lyonnais_-_FC_Barcelona_StP_1192_LR10_by_Stepro.jpg|left|thumb|Torrejón on de ball during de 2019 UEFA Women's Champions League Final]] Insyd de 2018–19 season, she play an integral role insyd Barcelona ein defense as dem make am to de final of de UEFA Women's Champions League for de first time insyd de club ein history. Torrejón start both games versus Bayern, wer Barcelona win 2–0 on aggregate.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 April 2019 |title=Bayern 0–1 Barça Women: First blood to the blaugrana |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1193829/bayern-01-barca-women-first-blood-to-the-blaugrana |access-date=20 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=28 April 2019 |title=Barça Women 1–0 Bayern Munich: A historic win! |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1201955/barca-women-1-0-bayern-munich-a-historic-win |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> On 18 May 2019, Torrejón start insyd FCB Femení ein first ever UWCL final versus Lyon, wey dem go on to win de match 4–1.<ref>{{cite web |date=18 May 2019 |title=Olympique Lyonnais 4 – 1 FC Barcelona: Runners up in Europe |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1222841/olympique-lyonnais-4-1-fc-barcelona-runners-up-in-europe |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> Insyd 2020, Torrejón feature for both matches insyd de first edition of de Supercopa Femenina. Insyd de final against Real Sociedad, she score 4 of Barcelona ein 10 goals wey na dem name am MVP of de tournament.<ref>{{cite web |date=9 February 2020 |title=Real Sociedad 1–10 Barça Women: Super Cup Champions! |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1606145/real-sociedad-1-10-barca-women-super-cup-champions |access-date=9 February 2020 |website=fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Despite she take a secondary role as either wingback anaa central defender insyd de 2023–24 season, na Torrejón reliably be used insyd de league wey she score eight goals – ''Sport'' consider am a "luxury" as a defensive substitute wey dey offer attacking drive.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tikas |first=Maria |date=2024-05-30 |title=El 1x1 de una temporada perfecta |url=https://www-sport-es.translate.goog/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/1x1-temporada-perfecta-103107077 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240707000153/https://www-sport-es.translate.goog/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/1x1-temporada-perfecta-103107077 |archive-date=7 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-07 |website=Diario Sport |language=es}}</ref> == International career == Torrejón make ein senior Spain national team debut insyd November 2007, a 1–0 defeat to England insyd Shrewsbury.<ref>{{cite web |last=Roldán |first=Isabel |date=20 November 2007 |title=Vilas y Torrejón, nuevas caras para la Absoluta |trans-title=Vilas and Torrejón, new faces for the Absolute |url=http://futbol.as.com/futbol/2007/11/20/mas_futbol/1195543681_850215.html |access-date=3 August 2013 |publisher=[[Diario AS]] |language=Spanish}}</ref> Insyd June 2013, national team coach Ignacio Quereda select Torrejón insyd de squad for UEFA Euro 2013 insyd Sweden.<ref>{{cite web |date=29 June 2013 |title=Spain stick with tried and trusted |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenseuro/news/020a-0e1419947790-c24e4777e0f1-1000--spain-stick-with-tried-and-trusted/ |access-date=3 August 2013 |work=[[UEFA]]}}</ref> She play every minute of Spain ein campaign, wich end plus a 3–1 defeat to Norway insyd de quarter-finals. Na she be part of Spain ein squad for de 2015 World Cup insyd [[Canada]], wey she play every minute of de team ein campaign. After Spain ein poor performance of two losses den a draw insyd de group stages, na dem call she den ein 22 teammates from de tournament for coach Ignacio Quereda ein resignation from de national team.<ref>{{cite web |title=Spain's Women's team feel Quereda's time is up -AS.com |url=https://as.com/diarioas/2015/06/19/english/1434746146_035034.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170423083039/http://as.com/diarioas/2015/06/19/english/1434746146_035034.html |archive-date=23 April 2017 |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> On 20 May 2019, dem call Torrejón up to de Spain squad for de 2019 FIFA World Cup.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 May 2019 |title=Estas son las convocadas de la Selección española femenina para la Copa Mundial de Francia |trans-title=These are the summoned of the Spanish women's team for the World Cup in France |url=https://www.sefutbol.com/oficial-estas-son-convocadas-seleccion-espanola-femenina-copa-mundial-francia |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190531021631/https://www.sefutbol.com/oficial-estas-son-convocadas-seleccion-espanola-femenina-copa-mundial-francia |archive-date=31 May 2019 |access-date=22 May 2019 |website=[[Spain women's national football team|SeFutbol]] |publisher=[[Royal Spanish Football Federation]] |language=es}}</ref> She play two games at de 2019 World Cup insyd [[France]].<ref>{{cite web |title=FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019™ - Players - Marta TORREJON - Marta Torrejón |url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player/387132/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608143030/https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player/387132/ |archive-date=8 June 2019 |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> De match against Germany go end up e be ein final appearance for Spain. After de 2019 World Cup, she announce ein retirement from de national team on Twitter.<ref>{{cite web |date=19 August 2019 |title=Marta Torrejon on Twitter: "Comunicado oficial. / Twitter |url=https://twitter.com/marta_torre5/status/1163369171411001345 |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> She retire plus de most ever caps for a Spanish women's national team player plus 90.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2019 |title=El fútbol español rinde homenaje a Silvia Meseguer y Marta Torrejón |url=https://www.sefutbol.com/futbol-espanol-rinde-homenaje-silvia-meseguer-y-marta-torrejon |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804083428/https://www.sefutbol.com/futbol-espanol-rinde-homenaje-silvia-meseguer-y-marta-torrejon |archive-date=4 August 2020 |access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> Ein record later be surpassed by Alexia Putellas on 26 October 2021.<ref>{{cite web |last=Reinoso |first=Mario |date=26 October 2021 |title=Ucrania - España en directo: clasificación Mundial femenino 2023 en vivo |url=https://as.com/futbol/2021/10/26/femenino/1635248079_550653.html |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=as.com |publisher=[[Diario AS]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Alexia Putellas ya es la jugadora con más partidos en la historia de la Selección española |url=https://www.sefutbol.com/alexia-putellas-ya-es-jugadora-mas-partidos-historia-seleccion-espanola |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028095920/https://www.sefutbol.com/alexia-putellas-ya-es-jugadora-mas-partidos-historia-seleccion-espanola |archive-date=28 October 2021 |access-date=26 October 2021 |website=sefutbol.com |publisher=[[Royal Spanish Football Federation]]}}</ref> == Personal life == Ein bro Marc Torrejón be a former footballer.<ref>{{cite web |last=Roldán |first=Isabel |date=22 October 2011 |title=No acostumbran a compararme con mi hermano Marc |trans-title=I'm not compared to my brother Marc very often |url=http://www.as.com/futbol/articulo/acostumbran-compararme-hermano-marc/20111022dasdaiftb_34/Tes |access-date=13 May 2013 |publisher=[[Diario AS]] |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=9 February 2017 |title=Europe's footballing brothers and sisters |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/0236-0e1677d61ea9-e7a5ba3b7978-1000--europe-s-footballing-brothers-and-sisters/ |publisher=[[UEFA]]}}</ref> She get a degree insyd Biology, wey she currently dey study History den Geography from a university insyd Barcelona.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Marta Torrejón says bye to Spain women's soccer team |url=https://talentoabordo.com/en/sport/marta-torrejon |access-date=2025-03-18 |website=talentoabordo.com}}</ref> ==Career statistics== ===International=== {{updated|match played 25 June 2019}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+ Appearances den goals by national team den year |- !National team!!Year!!Apps!!Goals |- |rowspan=13|[[Spain women's national football team|Spain]] |2007||1||0 |- |2008||6||1 |- |2009||4||0 |- |2010||3||1 |- |2011||5||0 |- |2012||7||1 |- |2013||11||1 |- |2014||7||1 |- |2015||13||1 |- |2016||9||2 |- |2017||14||0 |- |2018||3||0 |- |2019||7||0 |- !colspan=2|Total!!90!!8 |} :''Scores den results list Spain ein goal tally first, score column dey indicate score after each Torrejón goal.'' {| class="wikitable" |+ List of international goals wey Marta Torrejón score |- !scope="col"|No. !scope="col"|Date !scope="col"|Venue !scope="col"|Opponent !scope="col"|Score !scope="col"|Result !scope="col"|Competition !scope="col" class="unsortable"|{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}} |- |align=center|1 |{{dts|format=dmy|2008|05|08}} |[[Las Rozas de Madrid]], [[Spain]] |{{fbw|CZE}} |align=center|4–1 |align=center|4–1 |[[UEFA Women's Euro 2009 qualifying|2009 UEFA Euro qualification]] | |- |align=center|2 |{{dts|format=dmy|2010|04|07}} |[[Guadalajara, Spain|Guadalajara]], Spain |{{fbw|TUR}} |align=center|3–0 |align=center|5–1 |[[2011 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification (UEFA)|2011 FIFA World Cup qualification]] | |- |align=center|3 |{{dts|format=dmy|2012|04|05}} |Las Rozas de Madrid, Spain |{{fbw|KAZ}} |align=center|12–0 |align=center|13–0 |[[UEFA Women's Euro 2013 qualifying|2013 UEFA Euro qualification]] | |- |align=center|4 |{{dts|format=dmy|2013|10|27}} |[[Collado Villalba|Collado]], Spain |{{fbw|EST}} |align=center|2–0 |align=center|6–0 |rowspan=2|[[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification (UEFA)|2015 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification]] | |- |align=center|5 |{{dts|format=dmy|2014|04|10}} |[[Skopje]], [[North Macedonia]] |{{fbw|MKD}} |align=center|3–0 |align=center|10–0 |- |align=center|6 |{{dts|format=dmy|2015|02|11}} |[[San Pedro del Pinatar]], Spain |{{fbw|BEL}} |align=center|1–0 |align=center|2–1 |[[Exhibition match|Friendly]] | |- |align=center|7 |{{dts|format=dmy|2016|09|26}} |[[Leganés]], Spain |{{fbw|FIN}} |align=center|1–0 |align=center|5–0 |[[UEFA Women's Euro 2017 qualifying|2017 UEFA Euro qualification]] | |- |align=center|8 |{{dts|format=dmy|2016|10|25}} |Guadalajara, Spain |{{fbw|ENG}} |align=center|1–1 |align=center|1–2 |Friendly | |} ==Honours== [[File:Capitana Espanyol.jpg|thumb|Torrejón dey captain Espanyol insyd 2012|275x275px]]'''Espanyol''' * [[Primera División (women)|Primera División]]: [[2005–06 Superliga Femenina|2005–06]] * [[Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Copa de la Reina]]: [[2006 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2006]], [[2009 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2009]], [[2010 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2010]], [[2012 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2012]] * [[Copa Catalunya (women's football)|Copa Catalunya]]: 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 '''Barcelona''' * Primera División: [[2013–14 Primera División (women)|2013–14]], [[2014–15 Primera División (women)|2014–15]], [[2019–20 Primera División (women)|2019–20]], [[2020–21 Primera División (women)|2020–21]], [[2021–22 Primera División (women)|2021–22]], [[2022–23 Primera División (women)|2022–23]], [[2023–24 Liga F|2023–24]], [[2024–25 Liga F|2024–25]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 May 2025 |title=10th Liga F title for Barça Women |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/4262849/10th-liga-f-title-for-barca-women |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250616004857/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/4262849/10th-liga-f-title-for-barca-women |archive-date=16 June 2025 |access-date=15 July 2025 |website=FC Barcelona |language=}}</ref> [[2025–26 Liga F|2025–26]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Marsden |first1=Sam |title=Barcelona win 7th straight Liga F title to further quadruple quest |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/48550618/barcelona-liga-f-champions-title-women-treble |website=espn.com |access-date=22 April 2026 |language=en |date=22 April 2026}}</ref> * Copa de la Reina: [[2014 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2014]], [[2017 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2017]], [[2018 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2018]], [[2019-20 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2019–20]], [[2020–21 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2020–21]], [[2021–22 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2021–22]], [[2023–24 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2023–24]], [[2024–25 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2024–25]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2025 |title=Barça 2-0 Atlético Madrid: Pina wins the crown for the queens of the cup |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/4280451/barca-2-0-atletico-madrid-pina-wins-the-crown-for-the-queens-of-the-cup |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250607222058/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/4280451/barca-2-0-atletico-madrid-pina-wins-the-crown-for-the-queens-of-the-cup |archive-date=7 June 2025 |access-date=17 July 2025 |website=FC Barcelona |language=}}</ref> [[2025–26 Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|2025–26]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Marsden |first1=Sam |title=Barcelona win Copa de la Reina, stay on track for quadruple |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/48794094/barcelona-win-copa-de-la-reina-stay-track-quadruple |website=espn.co.uk |access-date=17 May 2026 |language=en |date=17 May 2026}}</ref> * [[Supercopa de España Femenina]]: [[2019–20 Supercopa de España Femenina|2019–20]], [[2021–22 Supercopa de España Femenina|2021–22]], [[2022–23 Supercopa de España Femenina|2022–23]], [[2023–24 Supercopa de España Femenina|2023–24]], [[2024–25 Supercopa de España Femenina|2024–25]] * Copa Catalunya: 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 *[[UEFA Women's Champions League]]: [[2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League|2020–21]],<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/news/0269-124ae310baea-93bc49bd8837-1000--chelsea-0-4-barcelona-barca-surge-to-first-women-s-champio/ |title=Chelsea 0-4 Barcelona: Barça surge to first Women's Champions League title|website=[[UEFA]] |date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021}}</ref> [[2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League|2022–23]],<ref>{{Cite news |last=Wrack |first=Suzanne |date=3 June 2023 |title=Rolfö caps Barcelona comeback against Wolfsburg to win thrilling WCL final |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2023/jun/03/barcelona-wolfsburg-womens-champions-league-final |access-date=7 June 2023 |issn=0029-7712}}</ref> [[2023–24 UEFA Women's Champions League|2023–24]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2024 |title=Barcelona retains Women's Champions League title, completing historic quadruple |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/05/25/sport/barcelona-lyon-womens-champions-league-2024-spt-intl/index.html |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=[[CNN]]}}</ref> [[2025–26 UEFA Women's Champions League|2025–26]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rajan |first=Adwaidh |date=23 May 2026 |title=Barcelona 4–0 Lyonnes |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c2d2z06pypyt |access-date=24 May 2026 |website=BBC Sport |publisher=BBC}}</ref> '''Spain''' * [[Algarve Cup]]: [[2017 Algarve Cup|2017]] * [[Cyprus Cup]]: [[2018 Cyprus Cup|2018]] == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/players/711820/marta-torrejon Marta Torrejón] at FC Barcelona * [https://www.bdfutbol.com/en/c/jugador.html?id=979 Marta Torrejón] at BDFutbol {{DEFAULTSORT:Torrejon, Marta}} [[Category:1990 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Spanish women's footballers]] [[Category:Spain women's international footballers]] [[Category:Liga F players]] [[Category:FC Barcelona Femení players]] [[Category:RCD Espanyol (women) players]] [[Category:Footballers wey komot Mataró]] [[Category:Women's association football defenders]] [[Category:2015 FIFA Women's World Cup players]] [[Category:2019 FIFA Women's World Cup players]] [[Category:Sportswomen wey komot Catalonia]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Euro 2017 players]] [[Category:Spain women's youth international footballers]] [[Category:Catalonia women's international footballers]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Champions League–winning players]] [[Category:21st-century Spanish sportswomen]] [[Category:UEFA Women's Euro 2013 players]] en6k9mj264f8u1gbi5qihox3v7og0yu 1 29208 109059 108982 2026-08-04T23:01:54Z DaSupremo 9 /* Request to Remove the Depiction of Prophet Muhammad from the Article */ Reply 109059 wikitext text/x-wiki == Request to Remove the Depiction of Prophet Muhammad from the Article == Dear Wikipedia Editors, I am writing as a Muslim to respectfully request the removal of the illustration depicting Prophet Muhammad from this article. In Islam, many Muslims believe that any visual depiction of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ is prohibited and deeply offensive. Displaying such an image on one of the world's most visited websites causes pain and distress to millions of Muslims. I understand that Wikipedia aims to present historical information. However, I respectfully ask the editors to reconsider whether this illustration is necessary, especially given the religious sensitivity surrounding depictions of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. Thank you for your time and consideration. [[User:Shoaib247|Shoaib247]] ([[User talk:Shoaib247|talk]]) 09:46, 4 August 2026 (GMT) :Thanks for reaching out and I respect your request @[[User:Shoaib247|Shoaib247]]. I would like to state the information you see on this page in the databox is derived from [[d:Q9458|Wikidata]] and here is a [[d:Talk:Q9458|discussion]] on the depiction. You can also join in the discussion. Thanks [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 23:01, 4 August 2026 (GMT) 736xap7xvi5knydomrm4q9u1hcgvfc3 10 29210 109031 2026-08-04T16:55:01Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh template 109031 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#switch:{{{1|all}}} | a | all | #default = box-shadow: inset {{{w|{{{3|1px}}}}}} {{{w|{{{3|1px}}}}}} 0 {{{c1|{{{c|{{{2|#000}}}}}}}}}, inset -{{{w|{{{3|1px}}}}}} -{{{w|{{{3|1px}}}}}} 0 {{{c2|{{{c|{{{2|#000}}}}}}}}}; | t | top = box-shadow: inset 0 {{{w|{{{3|1px}}}}}} 0 0 {{{c|{{{2|#000}}}}}}; | b | bottom = box-shadow: inset 0 -{{{w|{{{3|1px}}}}}} 0 0 {{{c|{{{2|#000}}}}}}; | tb | bt | top bottom | bottom top = box-shadow: inset 0 {{{w|{{{3|1px}}}}}} 0 0 {{{c1|{{{c|{{{2|#000}}}}}}}}}, inset 0 -{{{w|{{{3|1px}}}}}} 0 0 {{{c2|{{{c|{{{2|#000}}}}}}}}}; | lr | rl | left right | right left = box-shadow: inset {{{w|{{{3|1px}}}}}} 0 0 0 {{{c1|{{{c|{{{2|#000}}}}}}}}}, inset -{{{w|{{{3|1px}}}}}} 0 0 0 {{{c2|{{{c|{{{2|#000}}}}}}}}}; | l | left = box-shadow: inset {{{w|{{{3|1px}}}}}} 0 0 0 {{{c|{{{2|#000}}}}}}; | r | right = box-shadow: inset -{{{w|{{{3|1px}}}}}} 0 0 0 {{{c|{{{2|#000}}}}}}; }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> rurbhtylkzxmynscha2ck5lpu2wervo 0 29211 109035 2026-08-04T17:38:46Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358060455|Patricia Guijarro]]" 109035 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Patricia Guijarro Gutiérrez''' (born 17 May 1998) be a Spanish professional footballer wey primarily dey play as a holding anaa central midfielder give Liga F club [[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]] den de Spain national team. Dem mostly deploy am as a "number six", she be widely recognised as one of de best deep-lying playmakers insyd football. Guijarro play a major role insyd Spain ein most recent youth national team success, wey dey make important contributions to dema under-17, under-19, den under-20 teams. Most notably, she receive de Golden Ball den Golden Boot at de 2018 U-20 World Cup as Spain fini second.<ref name="fifau20individualhonors">{{cite web |date=24 August 2018 |title=Guijarro leads individual honours in France |url=https://static.fifa.com/u20womensworldcup/news/y=2018/m=8/news=guijarro-leads-individual-honours-in-france.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408060703/https://static.fifa.com/u20womensworldcup/news/y=2018/m=8/news=guijarro-leads-individual-honours-in-france.html |archive-date=8 April 2019 |access-date=27 February 2020 |website=static.fifa.com |publisher=[[FIFA]]}}</ref> Additionally, after ein transfer to [[FC Barcelona Femení]] from UD Collerense insyd 2015, she find both domestic success den European success plus de club. Na Patri be part of de Barcelona squad wey reach dema first Champions League final insyd 2019, as well as she be integral part of de Barcelona side wey win de 2020–21 UEFA Champions League.<ref name="fifainjury2019">{{cite web |date=4 June 2019 |title=Guijarro times her return to perfection |url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/news/guijarro-times-her-return-to-perfection# |access-date=22 February 2020 |website=fifa.com |publisher=[[FIFA]]}}</ref> She score two goals insyd de 2023 Champions League final as she win ein second Champions League title plus Barcelona. Ein performances give Spain ein youth teams, senior side dem Barcelona make am widely considered one of de best midfielders insyd de world.<ref name="theguardian2018">{{cite web |last1=Menayo |first1=David |date=7 December 2018 |title=The Guardian elige a cuatro españolas entre las 100 mejores futbolistas del planeta |url=https://www.marca.com/futbol/futbol-femenino/2018/12/07/5c0a5553ca474146178b45e1.html |access-date=22 February 2020 |website=marca.com |publisher=[[MARCA]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author1=Jessy Parker Humphreys |date=12 December 2022 |title=Ranked! The 10 best women's defensive midfielders in the world |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/ranked-the-10-best-womens-defensive-midfielders-in-the-world |access-date=10 January 2026 |website=FourFourTwo |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Ibaceta|first=Alex|date=25 July 2025|title=The value of Spain's Patri Guijarro: 'Watch her play and you can't help but smile'|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2025/jul/25/patri-guijarro-value-spain-womens-euro-2025|access-date=10 January 2026|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> 3094gi54rgr3wcqwflwgtg8dvdavblp 109054 109035 2026-08-04T18:41:38Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the section "Early life" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358060455|Patricia Guijarro]]" 109054 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Patricia Guijarro Gutiérrez''' (born 17 May 1998) be a Spanish professional footballer wey primarily dey play as a holding anaa central midfielder give Liga F club [[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]] den de Spain national team. Dem mostly deploy am as a "number six", she be widely recognised as one of de best deep-lying playmakers insyd football. Guijarro play a major role insyd Spain ein most recent youth national team success, wey dey make important contributions to dema under-17, under-19, den under-20 teams. Most notably, she receive de Golden Ball den Golden Boot at de 2018 U-20 World Cup as Spain fini second.<ref name="fifau20individualhonors">{{cite web |date=24 August 2018 |title=Guijarro leads individual honours in France |url=https://static.fifa.com/u20womensworldcup/news/y=2018/m=8/news=guijarro-leads-individual-honours-in-france.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408060703/https://static.fifa.com/u20womensworldcup/news/y=2018/m=8/news=guijarro-leads-individual-honours-in-france.html |archive-date=8 April 2019 |access-date=27 February 2020 |website=static.fifa.com |publisher=[[FIFA]]}}</ref> Additionally, after ein transfer to [[FC Barcelona Femení]] from UD Collerense insyd 2015, she find both domestic success den European success plus de club. Na Patri be part of de Barcelona squad wey reach dema first Champions League final insyd 2019, as well as she be integral part of de Barcelona side wey win de 2020–21 UEFA Champions League.<ref name="fifainjury2019">{{cite web |date=4 June 2019 |title=Guijarro times her return to perfection |url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/news/guijarro-times-her-return-to-perfection# |access-date=22 February 2020 |website=fifa.com |publisher=[[FIFA]]}}</ref> She score two goals insyd de 2023 Champions League final as she win ein second Champions League title plus Barcelona. Ein performances give Spain ein youth teams, senior side dem Barcelona make am widely considered one of de best midfielders insyd de world.<ref name="theguardian2018">{{cite web |last1=Menayo |first1=David |date=7 December 2018 |title=The Guardian elige a cuatro españolas entre las 100 mejores futbolistas del planeta |url=https://www.marca.com/futbol/futbol-femenino/2018/12/07/5c0a5553ca474146178b45e1.html |access-date=22 February 2020 |website=marca.com |publisher=[[MARCA]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author1=Jessy Parker Humphreys |date=12 December 2022 |title=Ranked! The 10 best women's defensive midfielders in the world |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/ranked-the-10-best-womens-defensive-midfielders-in-the-world |access-date=10 January 2026 |website=FourFourTwo |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Ibaceta|first=Alex|date=25 July 2025|title=The value of Spain's Patri Guijarro: 'Watch her play and you can't help but smile'|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2025/jul/25/patri-guijarro-value-spain-womens-euro-2025|access-date=10 January 2026|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> == Early life == Dem born Patricia Guijarro on 17 May 1998, insyd Palma, de capital city of de island of Mallorca. She recount dem born am into a "football family" wey she share an interest insyd de sport plus ein parents since a young age.<ref name="victoriamagprofile">{{cite web |last1=Sorolla |first1=Dani |date=30 November 2018 |title=PATRI GUIJARRO: "VEO POCO FÚTBOL MASCULINO" |url=http://www.victoriamag.es/patri-guijarro-perfil/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200229225745/http://www.victoriamag.es/patri-guijarro-perfil/ |archive-date=29 February 2020 |access-date=22 February 2020 |website=victoriamag.es |publisher=Victoria Mag}}</ref> She start dey play football at age seven under ein poppie ein influence.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mendiola |first1=Luis |date=21 August 2018 |title=Patricia Guijarro toca el cielo |url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/deportes/20180821/patricia--guijarro--lidera--seleccion--femenina--sub-20--final--mundial-6997650 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108050211/https://www.elperiodico.com/es/deportes/20180821/patricia--guijarro--lidera--seleccion--femenina--sub-20--final--mundial-6997650 |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=27 February 2020 |website=elperiodico.com |publisher=[[El Periódico de Catalunya|El Periódico]]}}</ref> Na de first club she play give for ein hometown club CF Patronato.<ref name="elpaisprofile">{{cite news|last1=Alexander|first1=María|url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2018/08/17/actualidad/1534508701_600405.html|title=Patri Guijarro: "Lo mejor es formarse en equipos de chicos"|newspaper=[[El País]]|date=19 August 2018|access-date=27 February 2020|archive-date=9 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109064720/https://elpais.com/deportes/2018/08/17/actualidad/1534508701_600405.html|url-status=live}}</ref> cq62gb0weu83xfnw66k2iqj99licxf7 109065 109054 2026-08-04T23:31:33Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the section "Club career" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358060455|Patricia Guijarro]]" 109065 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Patricia Guijarro Gutiérrez''' (born 17 May 1998) be a Spanish professional footballer wey primarily dey play as a holding anaa central midfielder give Liga F club [[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]] den de Spain national team. Dem mostly deploy am as a "number six", she be widely recognised as one of de best deep-lying playmakers insyd football. Guijarro play a major role insyd Spain ein most recent youth national team success, wey dey make important contributions to dema under-17, under-19, den under-20 teams. Most notably, she receive de Golden Ball den Golden Boot at de 2018 U-20 World Cup as Spain fini second.<ref name="fifau20individualhonors">{{cite web |date=24 August 2018 |title=Guijarro leads individual honours in France |url=https://static.fifa.com/u20womensworldcup/news/y=2018/m=8/news=guijarro-leads-individual-honours-in-france.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408060703/https://static.fifa.com/u20womensworldcup/news/y=2018/m=8/news=guijarro-leads-individual-honours-in-france.html |archive-date=8 April 2019 |access-date=27 February 2020 |website=static.fifa.com |publisher=[[FIFA]]}}</ref> Additionally, after ein transfer to [[FC Barcelona Femení]] from UD Collerense insyd 2015, she find both domestic success den European success plus de club. Na Patri be part of de Barcelona squad wey reach dema first Champions League final insyd 2019, as well as she be integral part of de Barcelona side wey win de 2020–21 UEFA Champions League.<ref name="fifainjury2019">{{cite web |date=4 June 2019 |title=Guijarro times her return to perfection |url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/news/guijarro-times-her-return-to-perfection# |access-date=22 February 2020 |website=fifa.com |publisher=[[FIFA]]}}</ref> She score two goals insyd de 2023 Champions League final as she win ein second Champions League title plus Barcelona. Ein performances give Spain ein youth teams, senior side dem Barcelona make am widely considered one of de best midfielders insyd de world.<ref name="theguardian2018">{{cite web |last1=Menayo |first1=David |date=7 December 2018 |title=The Guardian elige a cuatro españolas entre las 100 mejores futbolistas del planeta |url=https://www.marca.com/futbol/futbol-femenino/2018/12/07/5c0a5553ca474146178b45e1.html |access-date=22 February 2020 |website=marca.com |publisher=[[MARCA]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author1=Jessy Parker Humphreys |date=12 December 2022 |title=Ranked! The 10 best women's defensive midfielders in the world |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/ranked-the-10-best-womens-defensive-midfielders-in-the-world |access-date=10 January 2026 |website=FourFourTwo |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Ibaceta|first=Alex|date=25 July 2025|title=The value of Spain's Patri Guijarro: 'Watch her play and you can't help but smile'|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2025/jul/25/patri-guijarro-value-spain-womens-euro-2025|access-date=10 January 2026|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> == Early life == Dem born Patricia Guijarro on 17 May 1998, insyd Palma, de capital city of de island of Mallorca. She recount dem born am into a "football family" wey she share an interest insyd de sport plus ein parents since a young age.<ref name="victoriamagprofile">{{cite web |last1=Sorolla |first1=Dani |date=30 November 2018 |title=PATRI GUIJARRO: "VEO POCO FÚTBOL MASCULINO" |url=http://www.victoriamag.es/patri-guijarro-perfil/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200229225745/http://www.victoriamag.es/patri-guijarro-perfil/ |archive-date=29 February 2020 |access-date=22 February 2020 |website=victoriamag.es |publisher=Victoria Mag}}</ref> She start dey play football at age seven under ein poppie ein influence.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mendiola |first1=Luis |date=21 August 2018 |title=Patricia Guijarro toca el cielo |url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/deportes/20180821/patricia--guijarro--lidera--seleccion--femenina--sub-20--final--mundial-6997650 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108050211/https://www.elperiodico.com/es/deportes/20180821/patricia--guijarro--lidera--seleccion--femenina--sub-20--final--mundial-6997650 |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=27 February 2020 |website=elperiodico.com |publisher=[[El Periódico de Catalunya|El Periódico]]}}</ref> Na de first club she play give for ein hometown club CF Patronato.<ref name="elpaisprofile">{{cite news|last1=Alexander|first1=María|url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2018/08/17/actualidad/1534508701_600405.html|title=Patri Guijarro: "Lo mejor es formarse en equipos de chicos"|newspaper=[[El País]]|date=19 August 2018|access-date=27 February 2020|archive-date=9 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109064720/https://elpais.com/deportes/2018/08/17/actualidad/1534508701_600405.html|url-status=live}}</ref> == Club career == === Collerense === At fourteen years old, na dem call Guijarro up to play plus de youth levels of de UD Collerense squad after she no longer be allowed to play plus boys.<ref name="elpaisprofile">{{cite news|last1=Alexander|first1=María|url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2018/08/17/actualidad/1534508701_600405.html|title=Patri Guijarro: "Lo mejor es formarse en equipos de chicos"|newspaper=[[El País]]|date=19 August 2018|access-date=27 February 2020|archive-date=9 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109064720/https://elpais.com/deportes/2018/08/17/actualidad/1534508701_600405.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Na dem promote am to Collerense ein first team at just fifteen years old. Insyd a match against [[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]], she catch de attention of then Barcelona coach Xavi Llorens wey move to sign am de following summer.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Borrego |first1=Á. |date=21 August 2018 |title=Patri Guijarro, del patio del colegio a la gloria |url=https://eldesmarque.com/actualidad/futbol/futbol-femenino/1241937-patri-guijarro-del-patio-del-colegio-a-la-gloria |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200421031319/https://eldesmarque.com/actualidad/futbol/futbol-femenino/1241937-patri-guijarro-del-patio-del-colegio-a-la-gloria |archive-date=21 April 2020 |access-date=22 February 2020 |website=eldesmarque.com |publisher=El Desmarque}}</ref> === Barcelona === [[File:2019-05-17_Fußball,_Frauen,_UEFA_Women's_Champions_League,_Olympique_Lyonnais_-_FC_Barcelona_StP_0886_LR10_by_Stepro.jpg|right|thumb|Guijarro dey warm up plus [[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]] before de 2019 UEFA Women's Champions League final]] Na dem finalise Patri ein transfer from Collerense to [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]] insyd June 2015 plus a three-year deal.<ref>{{cite web |date=9 June 2015 |title=Patri Guijarro firma por tres temporadas con el Barça |url=http://www.deportebalear.com/2015/06/09/patri-guijarro-firma-por-tres-temporadas-con-el-barca/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231012090845/https://www.deportebalear.com/2015/06/09/patri-guijarro-firma-por-tres-temporadas-con-el-barca/ |archive-date=12 October 2023 |access-date=22 February 2020 |website=deportebalear.com |publisher=Deporte Balear}}</ref> She make ein debut give de Blaugrana aged 17 insyd de 2015–16 season. At de start of de 2017–18 season, she score insyd a 3–0 Copa Catalunya victory against Espanyol, wey she earn ein third Copa Catalunya trophy.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 August 2017 |title=FC Barcelona 3–0 RCD Espanyol: Two magical minutes secure Copa Catalunya |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/748275/fc-barcelona-3-0-rcd-espanyol-two-magical-minutes-secure-copa-catalunya |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200229232757/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/748275/fc-barcelona-3-0-rcd-espanyol-two-magical-minutes-secure-copa-catalunya |archive-date=29 February 2020 |access-date=27 February 2020 |website=fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Insyd de semi-final of de 2017–18 Champions League, Patri score ein first ever UWCL goal away at Lyon wey help keep Barcelona insyd de tie.<ref>{{cite web |date=22 March 2018 |title=Olympique Lyon v FC Barcelona Women: All to play for! (2–1) |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/711218/olympique-lyon-v-fc-barcelona-women-all-to-play-for-2-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200229225729/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/711218/olympique-lyon-v-fc-barcelona-women-all-to-play-for-2-1 |archive-date=29 February 2020 |access-date=27 February 2020 |website=fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Insyd de home leg, however, na Barcelona be de victims of a Eugénie Le Sommer strike wey Guijarro nearly knock off de goal-line, wey dem exit insyd de quarter-finals to de eventual tournament winners.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 March 2018 |title=FC Barcelona 0–1 Lyon: It wasn't to be |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/711127/fc-barcelona-0-1-lyon-it-wasnt-to-be |access-date=27 February 2020 |website=fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> She play insyd each of Barcelona ein matches insyd de 2018 Copa de la Reina, wey dey include de semi-final wey go to penalties. Patri successfully convert ein penalty as Barcelona advance to dema seventh Copa de la Reina final.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 May 2018 |title=CRÓNICA – FC Barcelona – Atlético de Madrid, gran final de la Copa de SM la Reina |url=https://www.rfef.es/noticias/cronica-athletic-fc-barcelona |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220827163637/https://www.rfef.es/noticias/cronica-athletic-fc-barcelona |archive-date=27 August 2022 |access-date=27 February 2020 |website=rfef.es |publisher=[[RFEF]]}}</ref> She start de final against Atlético Madrid wey go to extra time wey na e be rescued by a Mariona Caldentey goal insyd de 122nd minute wey win am ein second Copa de la Reina title.<ref>{{cite web |date=2 June 2018 |title=El Barcelona consigue su sexta Copa de la Reina al ganar al Atlético |url=https://www.rtve.es/deportes/20180602/barcelona-consigue-su-sexta-copa-reina-ganar-atletico/1744200.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200301001310/https://www.rtve.es/deportes/20180602/barcelona-consigue-su-sexta-copa-reina-ganar-atletico/1744200.shtml |archive-date=1 March 2020 |access-date=27 February 2020 |website=rtve.es |publisher=[[RTVE]]}}</ref> For a large portion of de 2018–19 season, na Guijarro be sidelined plus a ganglion cyst injury on ein right foot wey last almost 5 months wey require two operations.<ref name="fifainjury2019">{{cite web |date=4 June 2019 |title=Guijarro times her return to perfection |url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/news/guijarro-times-her-return-to-perfection# |access-date=22 February 2020 |website=fifa.com |publisher=[[FIFA]]}}</ref> Na dem discharge am from injury hours before de 2019 Champions League Final, buh she no feature insyd Barcelona ein 4–1 loss to Lyon later dat day.<ref>{{cite web |date=18 May 2019 |title=The UEFA Women's Champions League final, AS IT HAPPENED |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/1221333/the-uefa-womens-champions-league-final-as-it-happened |access-date=22 February 2020 |website=fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> At de start of de 2019–20 season, na dem give Patri a captaincy role for de first time by becoming de team ein fifth-choice captain.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 August 2019 |title=Les cinc capitanes del Barça Femení |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/noticies/1319807/les-cinc-capitanes-del-barca-femeni?hootPostID=13373c52bbd2b7a200d14be7b646903a |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210605095541/https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/noticies/1319807/les-cinc-capitanes-del-barca-femeni?hootPostID=13373c52bbd2b7a200d14be7b646903a |archive-date=5 June 2021 |access-date=25 February 2020 |website=fcbarcelona.cat |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Insyd February 2020, she play insyd de first edition of de Supercopa de España Femenina, wey na she be de first Barcelona player to score insyd de semi-finals against Atlético Madrid plus a volley from outsyd de box.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 February 2020 |title=Atlético Madrid 2–3 Barça: Super Cup finalists! |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/1603934/atletico-madrid-2-3-barca-super-cup-finalists |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200229232758/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/1603934/atletico-madrid-2-3-barca-super-cup-finalists |archive-date=29 February 2020 |access-date=27 February 2020 |website=fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=7 February 2020 |title=Patri Guijarro nos revela los códigos de su misil |url=https://www.rfef.es/noticias/patri-guijarro-nos-revela-codigos-su-misil |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220827163641/https://www.rfef.es/noticias/patri-guijarro-nos-revela-codigos-su-misil |archive-date=27 August 2022 |access-date=27 February 2020 |website=rfef.es |publisher=[[RFEF]]}}</ref> Guijarro start de final against Real Sociedad, a huge 10–1 win wey earn Barça den Patri dema first ever Supercopa de España Femenina trophy.<ref>{{cite web |date=9 February 2020 |title=Real Sociedad 1–10 Barça Women: Super Cup Champions! |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/1606145/real-sociedad-1-10-barca-women-super-cup-champions |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200229232754/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/1606145/real-sociedad-1-10-barca-women-super-cup-champions |archive-date=29 February 2020 |access-date=27 February 2020 |website=fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Insyd de first game of Barcelona ein 2020–21 league season, Patri score de opening goal insyd a match against Real Madrid Femenino to make am de first goalscorer insyd de Women's Clásico.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2020 |title=Real Madrid v Barça Women: The first Clásico is blaugrana (0–4) |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1854125/real-madrid-v-bara-women-the-first-clsico-is-blaugrana-0-4 |access-date=9 October 2020}}</ref> Later dat same season, Guijarro start de 2021 Champions League Final on 16 May 2021, wer she for play out of position as a right-sided centre-back secof regular central defensive starter Andrea Pereira be suspended for de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Women's Champions League final: Meet the teams – Barcelona |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/news/0269-1240398cde16-0106595a5d46-1000--meet-the-teams-barcelona/ |access-date=19 May 2021 |website=[[UEFA]]}}</ref> A day before ein 23rd birthday, Patri play all 90 minutes as Barça destroy Chelsea 4–0 insyd de final to win dema first-ever Champions League (UWCL) trophy den to cam be de first Spanish women's side to plete de treble.<ref>{{cite web |last=Jiménez |first=Mayca |date=18 May 2021 |title=Patri Guijarro: "Ahora vamos a ir a por el triplete a muerte" |url=https://as.com/futbol/2021/05/18/femenino/1621291367_357372.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108051719/https://as.com/futbol/2021/05/18/femenino/1621291367_357372.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |accessdate=19 May 2021 |website=as.com |publisher=[[Diario AS]]}}</ref> Dey follow de departure of first-captain Vicky Losada, Guijarro step into de fourth-captaincy role ahead of de 2021–22 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=12 August 2021 |title=The four women's team captains |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2213179/the-four-womens-team-captains |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813115710/https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/2213179/the-four-womens-team-captains |archive-date=13 August 2021 |accessdate=13 August 2021 |website=fcbarcelona.com |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]]}}</ref> Insyd de 2022–23 campaign, Patri make 40 appearances as Barcelona retain de Spanish title once more wey na she be instrumental to dema Champions League triumph. Plus Barça 2–0 down to Wolfsburg insyd de final, Guijarro score twice insyd de first five minutes of de second half to spark a dramatic 3–2 comeback victory give de Blaugrana, wey dey culminate plus Fridolina Rolfö' ein 70th-minute winner. After dis impressive performance, na dem name Patri de UWCL final Player of de Match.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barcelona's Patri Guijarro named official UEFA Women's Champions League final Player of the Match |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/news/0282-182b51f66527-decb75dcc33f-1000--barcelona-s-patri-guijarro-named-official-uefa-women-s-ch/}}</ref> On 6 October 2023, Patri extend ein contract at Barcelona til June 2027.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Patri Guijarro extends contract until 2027 |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/news/3724212/patri-guijarro-extends-contract-until-2027 |access-date=10 January 2026 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |language=en}}</ref> Having develop into a world-class deep-lying midfielder, Guijarro receive a 2023 Ballon d'Or nomination, wer she place eighth insyd de final ranking. One of five Barcelona players dem give a perfect rating for dema perfect 2023–24 season, Patri start de most games as captain give de team wey she progress insyd ein leadership capabilities. Guijarro continue dey play as a central midfielder, wer ein high-quality passing mean de team ein play typically go thru am den ein positional sense allow de likes of Aitana Bonmatí, Alexia Putellas, Mariona den Clàudia Pina to shine in advanced attacking areas.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tikas |first=Maria |date=30 May 2024 |title=El 1x1 de una temporada perfecta |url=https://www-sport-es.translate.goog/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/1x1-temporada-perfecta-103107077 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240707000153/https://www-sport-es.translate.goog/es/noticias/futbol-femenino-barca/1x1-temporada-perfecta-103107077 |archive-date=7 July 2024 |access-date=7 July 2024 |website=Diario Sport |language=es}}</ref> De 2023–24 campaign see Barça cam be de first Spanish women's team to plete a continental quadruple. De consistent Guijarro begin to receive regular worldwide acclaim. No be only wey she cam 11th insyd de ranking for de 2024 Ballon d'Or, buh na dem sanso include am insyd The Best FIFA Women's World XIs for both 2024 den 2025. Patri ein excellent form give club den country earn am yet anoda Ballon d'Or nomination insyd 2025, wer she achieve ein best-ever ranking of sixth position.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Aitana Bonmatí wins third consecutive Ballon d'Or |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/4367601/aitana-bonmati-wins-third-consecutive-ballon-dor |access-date=10 January 2026 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Herrero |first1=Laia Cervelló |last2=read |first2=Michael Cox·8 min |date=23 July 2025 |title=Will Patri Guijarro be the next Spain midfielder to win the Ballon d'Or? |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/article/patri-guijarro-next-spain-midfielder-041604272.html |access-date=10 January 2026 |website=Yahoo Sports |language=en-US}}</ref> On 21 September 2025, Patri crown ein 350th match give Barcelona by assisting a goal for Vicky López, wich na e be de third goal of a 5–0 away win at Sevilla.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sevilla 0-5 FC Barcelona: Perfect record |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/noticias/4366776/sevilla-fc-barcelona-pleno-de-victorias-0-5 |access-date=10 January 2026 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |language=en}}</ref> On 16 October, Barça confirm say Guijarro suffer a stress fracture insyd de navicular bone wey she be set to be injured for around three months.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Medical update on Patri Guijarro |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/4383572/medical-update-on-patri-guijarro |access-date=10 January 2026 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |language=en}}</ref> Patri be seen as an all-time Barça great, she play over 350 times give de club wey she score over 60 goals (as of de 2024–25 season). She be incredibly successful, wey she win a remarkable six Spanish league (Liga F) titles, three Champions Leagues, seven Copas de la Reina den five Supercopa de España Femenina trophies. l4v0hkhl7rdt02s5coqek39iidjbgaa 14 29212 109037 2026-08-04T17:41:16Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109037 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 29213 109038 2026-08-04T17:41:27Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109038 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 29214 109039 2026-08-04T17:41:38Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109039 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 29215 109040 2026-08-04T17:42:51Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109040 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 29216 109041 2026-08-04T17:43:04Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109041 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 29217 109042 2026-08-04T17:43:30Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109042 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 29218 109043 2026-08-04T17:43:40Z 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9 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360941839|2026 FIFA World Cup]]" 109067 wikitext text/x-wiki {{OSM Location map|float=right|nolabels=1|width=450|height=280|coord={{coord|34|-99.5}}|zoom=3|shapeD=circle|mark-sizeD=8|label-sizeD=11,background,outline|label-posD=right|legendBox=,120px38px5px,5px237px,background,black|legendItem1=Western region,1|legendItem2=Central region,5,14|legendItem3=Eastern region,11,25 <!-- Western region -->|label1='''[[Greater Los Angeles|Los Angeles]]'''|mark-coord1={{Coord|33.95340|-118.33902}}|shape-color1=blue|label-pos1=west|mark-title1=[[Greater Los Angeles|Los Angeles]]|mark-description1=[[SoFi Stadium]]|label2='''[[San Francisco Bay Area|SF Bay Area]]'''|mark-coord2={{Coord|37.40317|-121.96979}}|shape-color2=blue|label-pos2=west|mark-title2=[[San Francisco Bay Area]]|mark-description2=[[Levi's 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City]]'''|mark-coord8={{Coord|39.04893|-94.48401}}|shape-color8=green|label-pos8=west|mark-title8=[[Kansas City, Missouri|Kansas City]]|mark-description8=[[Arrowhead Stadium]]|label9='''[[Mexico City]]'''|mark-coord9={{Coord|19.30295|-99.15047}}|shape-color9=green|mark-title9=[[Mexico City]]|mark-description9=[[Estadio Azteca]]|label10='''[[Monterrey metropolitan area|Monterrey]]'''|mark-coord10={{Coord|25.66911|-100.24437}}|shape-color10=green|mark-title10=[[Monterrey metropolitan area|Monterrey]]|mark-description10=[[Estadio BBVA]] <!-- Eastern region -->|label11='''[[Atlanta]]'''|mark-coord11={{Coord|33.4520|-84.24}}|shape-color11=red|mark-title11=[[Atlanta]]|mark-description11=[[Mercedes-Benz Stadium]]|label12='''[[Greater Boston|Boston]]'''|mark-coord12={{Coord|42.09093|-71.26436}}|shape-color12=red|mark-title12=[[Greater Boston|Boston]]|mark-description12=[[Gillette Stadium]]|label13='''[[Miami metropolitan area|Miami]]'''|mark-coord13={{Coord|25.95795|-80.23885}}|shape-color13=red|mark-title13=[[Miami metropolitan area|Miami]]|mark-description13=[[Hard Rock Stadium]]|label14='''[[New York metropolitan area|New York<br/>New Jersey]]'''|mark-coord14={{Coord|40.81352|-74.07435}}|shape-color14=red|ldx14=-2|ldy14=7|mark-title14=[[New York metropolitan area|New York/New Jersey]]|mark-description14=[[MetLife Stadium]]|label15='''[[Philadelphia]]'''|mark-coord15={{Coord|39.90081|-75.16747}}|shape-color15=red|label-pos15=west|mark-title15=[[Philadelphia]]|mark-description15=[[Lincoln Financial Field]]|label16='''[[Toronto]]'''|mark-coord16={{Coord|43.63322|-79.41858}}|shape-color16=red|label-pos16=west|mark-title16=[[Toronto]]|mark-description16=[[BMO Field]]}}   De '''2026 FIFA World Cup''' be de 23rd den current FIFA World Cup, de quadrennial international men's soccer championship wey de national teams of de member associations of FIFA contest. De tournament begin on June 11, 2026, wey e be scheduled to conclude on July 19.<ref name="Schedule">{{Cite web |date=February 4, 2024 |title=FIFA World Cup 26 – Match Schedule |url=https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/1be9ce37eb98fcc5/original/FWC26-Match-Schedule_English.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205034420/https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/1be9ce37eb98fcc5/original/FWC26-Match-Schedule_English.pdf |archive-date=February 5, 2024 |access-date=February 4, 2024 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> E be jointly hosted by 16 cities – 11 insyd de United States, 3 insyd Mexico, den 2 insyd Canada. De tournament be de first FIFA World Cup to be hosted by three nations den de first to include 48 teams, an expansion from de previous 32-team format. Na de United 2026 bid beat a rival bid by [[Morocco]] during a final vote at de 68th FIFA Congress insyd Moscow. E be de first World Cup since 2002 to be co-hosted by multiple nations. Plus ein past hosting of de 1970 den 1986 tournaments, Mexico cam be de first country to host anaa co-host de World Cup three times. De United States previously host de World Cup insyd 1994. By contrast, e be Canada ein first time hosting anaa co-hosting de tournament. De event return to ein traditional Northern Hemisphere summer schedule after dem uniquely hold de 2022 World Cup insyd Qatar insyd November den December. As de host nations, Canada, Mexico, den de United States all automatically qualify. Cape Verde, Curaçao, Jordan, den Uzbekistan all make dema World Cup debuts. Argentina be de defending champion, having win ein third World Cup insyd 2022.{{#lst:2026 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|Bracket}} == Format == === Expansion === De idea of expanding de tournament be suggested as early as 2013 by then UEFA president Michel Platini,<ref>{{Cite news|date=October 28, 2013|title=Michel Platini calls for 40-team World Cup starting with Russia 2018|work=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2013/oct/28/michel-platini-40-team-world-cup-russia|access-date=January 24, 2015|archive-date=September 15, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915093947/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2013/oct/28/michel-platini-40-team-world-cup-russia|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=October 29, 2013|title=Michel Platini's World Cup expansion plan unlikely – Fifa|work=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/24735765|url-status=live|access-date=January 24, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140421001646/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/24735765|archive-date=April 21, 2014}}</ref> den sanso insyd 2016 by current FIFA president Gianni Infantino.<ref>{{Cite news|date=March 30, 2016|title=Infantino suggests 40-team World Cup finals|work=Independent Online|publisher=[[Independent Online (South Africa)|IOL]]|agency=Reuters|location=South Africa|url=http://www.iol.co.za/sport/fifa/infantino-suggests-40-team-world-cup-finals-2002682|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230230628/http://www.iol.co.za/sport/fifa/infantino-suggests-40-team-world-cup-finals-2002682|archive-date=December 30, 2016}}</ref> Opponents of de proposal argue say na de number of matches dem play already be at an unacceptable level, wey de expansion go dilute de quality of de matches,<ref name="auto2">{{Cite news|date=October 2, 2016|title=Low confirms opposition to 40-team World Cup|publisher=sbs.com.au|agency=[[Australian Associated Press]]|url=http://theworldgame.sbs.com.au/article/2016/10/02/low-confirms-opposition-40-team-world-cup|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005031826/http://theworldgame.sbs.com.au/article/2016/10/02/low-confirms-opposition-40-team-world-cup|archive-date=October 5, 2016}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite news|date=October 2, 2016|title=Low confirms opposition to 40-team World Cup|publisher=sbs.com.au|agency=[[Australian Associated Press]]|url=http://theworldgame.sbs.com.au/article/2016/10/02/low-confirms-opposition-40-team-world-cup|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005031826/http://theworldgame.sbs.com.au/article/2016/10/02/low-confirms-opposition-40-team-world-cup|archive-date=October 5, 2016}}</ref> den dat de decision be driven by political rather dan sporting concerns, wey dem accuse Infantino of using de promise of bringing more countries to de World Cup to win ein election.<ref>{{Cite news|date=January 10, 2017|title=Críticas a decisión de la FIFA de jugar el Mundial 2026 con 48 selecciones|language=es|work=[[El Universo]]|agency=[[Agence France-Presse]]|url=http://www.eluniverso.com/deportes/2017/01/10/nota/5990365/critican-decision-fifa-jugar-mundial-2026-48-selecciones|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170111180321/https://www.eluniverso.com/deportes/2017/01/10/nota/5990365/critican-decision-fifa-jugar-mundial-2026-48-selecciones|archive-date=January 11, 2017}}</ref> Starting plus dis edition, de FIFA World Cup expand to 48 teams, an increase of 16 teams dem compare to de previous seven tournaments.<ref name="48teams3">{{Cite news|date=January 10, 2017|title=Unanimous decision expands FIFA World Cup to 48 teams from 2026|url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/news/y=2017/m=1/news=fifa-council-unanimously-decides-on-expansion-of-the-fifa-world-cuptm--2863100.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170110231324/http://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/news/y=2017/m=1/news=fifa-council-unanimously-decides-on-expansion-of-the-fifa-world-cuptm--2863100.html|archive-date=January 10, 2017|access-date=January 10, 2017|publisher=FIFA}}</ref> As approved by de FIFA Council on March 14, 2023, dem split de teams into 12 groups of 4 teams, wey de top 2 teams insyd each group den de 8 best third-placed teams wey dey progress to a new round of 32.<ref name="IMC">{{Cite web |date=March 14, 2023 |title=FIFA Council approves international match calendars |url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/organisation/fifa-council/media-releases/fifa-council-approves-international-match-calendars |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314155521/https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/organisation/fifa-council/media-releases/fifa-council-approves-international-match-calendars |archive-date=March 14, 2023 |access-date=March 14, 2023 |publisher=[[FIFA]]}}</ref> Dis be set to be de first expansion den format change since 1998.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 16, 2024 |title=Success stories from the FIFA World Cup's last expansion |url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/celebrating-history-of-32-team-world-cup-1998-2022 |access-date=May 20, 2026 |website=FIFA}}</ref> De total number of matches dem play increased from 64 to 104, wey de number of matches wey teams play reaching de semifinals increased from 7 to 8. De tournament dey last 39 days, an increase from 32 days of de 2014 den 2018 tournaments.<ref>{{cite news|last=Ingle|first=Sean|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2023/mar/14/world-cup-2026-four-team-groups-104-game-tournament-approval-fifa|title=World Cup 2026: four-team groups and 104 game-tournament confirmed by Fifa|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=March 14, 2023|access-date=April 11, 2023|archive-date=April 11, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411173501/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2023/mar/14/world-cup-2026-four-team-groups-104-game-tournament-approval-fifa|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Bushnell|first=Henry|url=https://sports.yahoo.com/world-cup-format-2026-fifa-135958106.html|title=FIFA scraps ill-fated 2026 World Cup format, but new plan presents other pros and cons|work=[[Yahoo! Sports]]|date=March 14, 2023|access-date=April 11, 2023|archive-date=April 11, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411012544/https://sports.yahoo.com/world-cup-format-2026-fifa-135958106.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Each team still dey play three group matches.<ref>{{cite news|last=Ziegler|first=Martyn|url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/7d38da2c-c24b-11ed-8e20-0f5794810aad|title=World Cup will be a week longer — but Fifa scraps three-team group plan|work=[[The Times]]|date=March 14, 2023|access-date=March 14, 2023|archive-date=March 14, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314110957/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/7d38da2c-c24b-11ed-8e20-0f5794810aad|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Slater|first1=Matt|last2=Ornstein|first2=David|url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/4307230/2023/03/14/world-cup-2026-format-usa/|title=World Cup 2026 format expands again with four-team groups and 104 matches|work=[[The Athletic]]|date=March 14, 2023|access-date=March 14, 2023|archive-date=March 14, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314103434/https://theathletic.com/4307230/2023/03/14/world-cup-2026-format-usa/|url-status=live}}</ref> De final matchday at club level for players dem name insyd de final squads be May 24, 2026; clubs for release dema players by May 25, plus exceptions dem grant to players wey dey participate insyd continental club competition finals up til May 30. De 56 days of de combined rest, release, den tournament periods remain identical to de 2010, 2014, den 2018 tournaments.<ref name="IMC">{{Cite web |date=March 14, 2023 |title=FIFA Council approves international match calendars |url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/organisation/fifa-council/media-releases/fifa-council-approves-international-match-calendars |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314155521/https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/organisation/fifa-council/media-releases/fifa-council-approves-international-match-calendars |archive-date=March 14, 2023 |access-date=March 14, 2023 |publisher=[[FIFA]]}}</ref> ==== Oda expansion formats dem explore ==== Na dem already approve de expansion to 48 teams on January 10, 2017, wen na e be initially decided say de tournament go include 16 groups of 3 teams, den 80 matches in total, plus de top two teams of each group dey progress to a round of 32.<ref name="48teams3">{{Cite news|date=January 10, 2017|title=Unanimous decision expands FIFA World Cup to 48 teams from 2026|url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/news/y=2017/m=1/news=fifa-council-unanimously-decides-on-expansion-of-the-fifa-world-cuptm--2863100.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170110231324/http://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/news/y=2017/m=1/news=fifa-council-unanimously-decides-on-expansion-of-the-fifa-world-cuptm--2863100.html|archive-date=January 10, 2017|access-date=January 10, 2017|publisher=FIFA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Conn |first=David |date=January 10, 2017 |title=Fifa approves Infantino's plan to expand World Cup to 48 teams from 2026 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/jan/10/fifa-vote-expand-world-cup-48-teams-from-2026 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170110104617/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/jan/10/fifa-vote-expand-world-cup-48-teams-from-2026 |archive-date=January 10, 2017 |access-date=January 10, 2017 |website=The Guardian}}</ref> Under dis later-superseded format, na de maximum number of matches per team go remain at seven, buh each team go play one fewer group match dan before. Dem still go plete de tournament within 32 days.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 10, 2017 |title=World Cup: Gianni Infantino defends tournament expansion to 48 teams |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/38577001 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170331171815/http://www.bbc.com/sport/football/38577001 |archive-date=March 31, 2017 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Na dem initially choose dis format over three oda proposals, wey dey range from 40 to 48 teams, from 76 to 88 matches, den from one to four minimum matches per team.<ref name="heraldlive2">{{Cite news|date=October 7, 2016|title=New Fifa chief backs 48-team World Cup|publisher=HeraldLIVE|url=http://www.heraldlive.co.za/sport/2016/10/07/new-fifa-chief-backs-48-team-world-cup/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161010112923/http://www.heraldlive.co.za/sport/2016/10/07/new-fifa-chief-backs-48-team-world-cup/|archive-date=October 10, 2016|quote=It's an idea, just as the World Cup with 40 teams is already on the table with groups of four or five teams.}}</ref><ref name="yahoo2">{{Cite news|last=Dunbar|first=Graham|date=December 23, 2016|title=FIFA's 5 options for a 2026 World Cup of 48, 40 or 32 teams|url=https://sports.yahoo.com/news/fifas-5-options-2026-world-cup-48-40-153833734--sow.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170110142721/http://sports.yahoo.com/news/fifas-5-options-2026-world-cup-48-40-153833734--sow.html|archive-date=January 10, 2017|publisher=[[Yahoo! Sports]]|agency=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=December 19, 2016 |title=FIFA World Cup format proposals |url=http://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/administration/02/86/19/51/circularno.1572-fifaworldcup%E2%84%A2formatproposals_neutral.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915094005/https://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/administration/02/86/19/51/circularno.1572-fifaworldcup%E2%84%A2formatproposals_neutral.pdf |archive-date=September 15, 2018 |access-date=January 10, 2017 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> Critics of dis format argue say de use of three-team groups plus two teams wey dey progress significantly increase de risk of collusion between teams.<ref name="guyon">{{Cite journal |last=Guyon |first=Julien |date=April 30, 2020 |title=Risk of Collusion: Will Groups of 3 Ruin the FIFA World Cup? |journal=Journal of Sports Analytics |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=259–279 |doi=10.3233/JSA-200414 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Dis prompt FIFA to suggest say penalty shootouts fi be used to prevent draws insyd de group stage,<ref>{{cite news|date=January 18, 2017|title=Penalty shootouts may be used to settle drawn World Cup matches|work=World Soccer|url=http://www.worldsoccer.com/news/penalty-shootouts-may-be-used-to-settle-drawn-world-cup-matches-394315|access-date=November 12, 2020|archive-date=October 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028040619/https://www.worldsoccer.com/news/penalty-shootouts-may-be-used-to-settle-drawn-world-cup-matches-394315|url-status=live}}</ref> although even then sam risk of collusion go remain, den a possibility go emerge of teams deliberately losing shootouts to eliminate a rival.<ref name="guyon" /> To address dese concerns, FIFA continue dey consider alternative formats<ref>{{cite news|first=Martyn|last=Ziegler|title=Format for 2026 World Cup could be revamped amid 'collusion' fears, says Fifa vice-president|url=https://www.thetimes.com/sport/football/article/format-for-2026-world-cup-could-be-revamped-amid-collusion-fears-says-fifa-vice-president-n5kh6l6tg|work=[[The Times]]|location=London|date=April 1, 2022|access-date=November 5, 2022|archive-date=November 13, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221113124725/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/format-for-2026-world-cup-could-be-revamped-amid-collusion-fears-says-fifa-vice-president-n5kh6l6tg|url-status=live}}</ref>—a process wey end plus de 2023 announcement say de format go be 12 groups of 4 teams.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 14, 2023 |title=Why FIFA changed the format for the 2026 World Cup |url=https://apnews.com/article/2026-fifa-world-cup-e7c10c603dfe4a2ad81b224aa65ceecb |website=AP News}}</ref> === New rules === De 2026 FIFA World Cup dey introduce several rule changes. In accordance plus IFAB, dese be primarily designed to reduce time-wasting. De new rules for de tournament dey include:<ref name="newrules2">{{cite news|last1=Sanjesh Singh|title=What are the new rules for 2026 World Cup? Covering mouths, making subs and more|url=https://www.nbcnewyork.com/world-cup/new-rules-covering-mouths-substitutions-breaks/6510949/|access-date=June 10, 2026|publisher=NBC New York|date=June 9, 2026}}</ref> * 10-second substitutions: Players be substituted get 10 seconds to exit de pitch, otherwise de substitute for wait for one minute before entering de match. * 5-second restarts: A visual 5-second countdown fi be shown by de referee for throw-ins den goal kicks in situations of time-wasting. If de ball no be put into play in time, possession be awarded to de opposing team. * Medical treatment: Any outfield player wey receive medical attention on de pitch for leave de field den wait for 1 minute before returning to play. * Expanded video assistant referee (VAR): VAR now fi review den overturn clear mistakes on given second yellow cards, wrongly awarded corner kicks, expanded mistaken identity, den certain attacking fouls. * Mouth-covering red cards: To stop confrontational anaa insulting behavior hidden from lip-reading, any player wey cover ein mouth plus ein hand, arm, anaa shirt while confronting an opponent for be shown a red card. * Player wey dey leave de pitch in protest: Players anaa officials wey leave de field in protest for be shown a red card. De tiebreakers for wen teams fini de group stage equal on points sanso change. De first tiebreaker now be de number of points dem earn insyd head-to-head matches between de tied teams, no be goal difference.<ref>{{Cite web |title=World Cup 2026 groups: How teams qualify and tie-breakers |url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/groups-how-teams-qualify-tie-breakers |access-date=June 20, 2026 |website=FIFA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mendola |first=Nicholas |last2=Acosta |first2=Amelia |date=June 5, 2026 |title=What are the new group stage tiebreaker rules for the 2026 World Cup? |url=https://www.nbcsports.com/soccer/news/what-are-the-new-group-stage-tiebreaker-rules-at-the-2026-world-cup |access-date=June 20, 2026 |website=NBC Sports |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Allen |first=William |date=November 26, 2022 |title=What tiebreakers are used in the Qatar World Cup 2022 group stage? |url=https://en.as.com/soccer/what-tiebreakers-are-used-in-the-qatar-world-cup-2022-group-stage-n/ |access-date=June 20, 2026 |website=AS USA |language=en-us}}</ref> === Breaks === Na dem introduce cooling anaa hydration breaks at de 2014 World Cup insyd Brazil. For de 2026 World Cup, FIFA introduce mandatory 3-minute hydration breaks insyd every half for all matches. Broadcasters be permitted to run commercials during dese pauses.<ref name="Breaks2">{{cite news|title=Players to benefit from hydration breaks at FIFA World Cup 2026|url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/news/hydration-breaks-world-cup-2026-player-welfare|access-date=June 11, 2026|publisher=FIFA|date=December 7, 2025}}</ref> === Match schedule === De match schedule, widout group assignments, dem announce on February 4, 2024.<ref name="Schedule">{{Cite web |date=February 4, 2024 |title=FIFA World Cup 26 – Match Schedule |url=https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/1be9ce37eb98fcc5/original/FWC26-Match-Schedule_English.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205034420/https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/1be9ce37eb98fcc5/original/FWC26-Match-Schedule_English.pdf |archive-date=February 5, 2024 |access-date=February 4, 2024 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=February 4, 2024 |title=FIFA World Cup 26 final to be held in New York New Jersey, Mexico City to host historic opening match as schedule revealed |url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/media-releases/fifa-world-cup-26-tm-final-to-be-held-in-new-york-new-jersey-mexico-city-to |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240207073146/https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/media-releases/fifa-world-cup-26-tm-final-to-be-held-in-new-york-new-jersey-mexico-city-to |archive-date=February 7, 2024 |access-date=February 4, 2024 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref><ref name="Q&A">{{Cite web |date=February 4, 2024 |title=FIFA World Cup 26 match schedule Q&A |url=https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/23aa99b288fe8a0d/original/FWC26-Match-Schedule-Q-A.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205034420/https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/23aa99b288fe8a0d/original/FWC26-Match-Schedule-Q-A.pdf |archive-date=February 5, 2024 |access-date=February 4, 2024 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> On June 13, 2024, FIFA release an updated schedule, plus specific pairings dem assign to venues for de knockout stage.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 12, 2024 |title=FIFA World Cup 26 shares teams' "homes away from home"; host nations' potential pathways to glory unveiled |url=https://inside.fifa.com/about-fifa/organisation/news/fifa-world-cup-26-shares-teams-homes-away-from-home-host-nations |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240712083324/https://inside.fifa.com/about-fifa/organisation/news/fifa-world-cup-26-shares-teams-homes-away-from-home-host-nations |archive-date=July 12, 2024 |access-date=June 14, 2024 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> In addition, group stage matches be assigned to specific groups (though pairings for non-host groups no be assigned to specific matches til after de final draw; thus de group venues be known, buh no be for wich specific pairing each matchday). De full schedule be unveiled insyd a live broadcast on December 6, 2025, de day after de draw. Group stage pairings be allocated to specific matches, den de kickoff times be confirmed give all fixtures.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 1, 2025 |title=Updated match schedule to be unveiled live in Washington DC on 6 December |url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/updated-match-schedule-live-in-washington-dc-6-december |access-date=December 1, 2025 |publisher=[[FIFA]]}}</ref> De final match go feature de first-ever Super Bowl-style halftime show insyd FIFA World Cup history. Global Citizen produce wey Chris Martin of Coldplay curate, de performance go co-headline Madonna, [[Shakira]], den BTS to support de FIFA Global Citizen Education Fund.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 14, 2026 |title=FIFA announces Super Bowl-style World Cup final halftime show featuring Madonna, Shakira and BTS |url=https://apnews.com/article/world-cup-final-halftime-show-f08a3cc88e5c1dfccf0517941458df2f |access-date=June 11, 2026 |website=AP News}}</ref> Dem announce de opening match to include Mexico; e take place on June 11, 2026, at de Estadio Azteca insyd Mexico City. Dis match include South Africa.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Bosher|first=Luke|date=December 6, 2025|title=Mexico drawn in 2026 World Cup Group A: What to know about South Africa, South Korea, playoff teams|url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6854677/2025/12/05/world-cup-draw-mexico-group-schedule-fixtures/|access-date=April 21, 2026|work=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> De opening match wey dey involve Canada take place on June 12 at BMO Field insyd Toronto, while de opening match for de United States take place on de same day at SoFi Stadium insyd Inglewood. Each host nation be scheduled to play each of ein three matches insyd de group stage within ein own country.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=February 4, 2024 |title=FIFA World Cup 26 final to be held in New York New Jersey, Mexico City to host historic opening match as schedule revealed |url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/media-releases/fifa-world-cup-26-tm-final-to-be-held-in-new-york-new-jersey-mexico-city-to |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240207073146/https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/media-releases/fifa-world-cup-26-tm-final-to-be-held-in-new-york-new-jersey-mexico-city-to |archive-date=February 7, 2024 |access-date=February 4, 2024 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> AT&T Stadium insyd Arlington, host de most matches of any venue at de tournament, plus nine. De United States host 78 matches, wey dey include all quarterfinals, semifinals, den de final go be played at MetLife Stadium insyd East Rutherford on July 19. Canada den Mexico each host 13 matches. Each tournament venue, except for de Estadio Akron, host at least one knockout stage fixture.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dominski |first=Michael |date=February 4, 2024 |title=World Cup 2026 schedule announcement live updates: Latest as FIFA selects host city for final |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/live-blogs/world-cup-2026-schedule-announcement-live-updates-final/r7oDr4oG9qK4/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206103527/https://theathletic.com/live-blogs/world-cup-2026-schedule-announcement-live-updates-final/r7oDr4oG9qK4/ |archive-date=February 6, 2024 |access-date=February 4, 2024 |publisher=[[The Athletic]]}}</ref> De match schedule dey overlap plus de 2026 CFL season, wey result in scheduling conflicts den loss of home games for de Toronto Argonauts den BC Lions.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://3downnation.com/2025/08/15/toronto-argonauts-to-play-three-extra-away-games-during-2026-fifa-world-cup/|title=Toronto Argonauts to play three extra away games during 2026 FIFA World Cup|date=August 15, 2025|website=3DownNation}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://3downnation.com/2025/05/29/b-c-lions-weighing-different-markets-temporary-stadium-for-2026-world-cup-eviction/|title=B.C. Lions weighing different markets, temporary stadium for 2026 World Cup eviction|date=May 29, 2025|website=3DownNation|first=JC|last=Abbott}}</ref> De match schedule sanso affect de 2026 Major League Baseball season schedules of de Kansas City Royals, Philadelphia Phillies, Seattle Mariners, den Texas Rangers, whose home stadiums dey locate near World Cup venues.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 26, 2025 |title=MLB announces 2026 regular season schedule |url=https://www.mlb.com/press-release/press-release-mlb-announces-2026-regular-season-schedule |website=MLB}}</ref> On June 23, Gianni Infantino confirm say presido Donald Trump go present de World Cup trophy to de tournament ein winner.<ref>{{Cite news|date=June 23, 2026|title=Donald Trump to present World Cup trophy at final, FIFA boss Gianni Infantino confirms|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/49154827/donald-trump-present-world-cup-trophy-final-fifa-boss-gianni-infantino-confirms}}</ref> Host cities be geographically grouped into three regions:<ref name="Schedule">{{Cite web |date=February 4, 2024 |title=FIFA World Cup 26 – Match Schedule |url=https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/1be9ce37eb98fcc5/original/FWC26-Match-Schedule_English.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205034420/https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/1be9ce37eb98fcc5/original/FWC26-Match-Schedule_English.pdf |archive-date=February 5, 2024 |access-date=February 4, 2024 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> * Western Region (Vancouver, Seattle, San Francisco Bay Area, Los Angeles) * Central Region (Guadalajara, Mexico City, Monterrey, Houston, Dallas, Kansas City) * Eastern Region (Atlanta, Miami, Toronto, Boston, Philadelphia, New York/New Jersey) <div style="display:inline-grid"> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Schedule by round !Stage !Matchday !Date |- | rowspan="3" |Group |1 |June 11–17 |- |2 |June 18–23 |- |3 |June 24–27 |- style="border-top:3px solid green" | rowspan="6" |Knockout |Round of 32 |June 28 – July 3 |- |Round of 16 |July 4–7 |- |Quarterfinals |July 9–11 |- |Semifinals |July 14–15 |- |Third place |July 18 |- |Final |July 19 |} </div><div style="display:inline-grid"> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Schedule by group !Matchday !Pairings !Groups !Date |- | rowspan="7" |1 | rowspan="7" |1 vs 2<br /><br />3 vs 4 |A |June 11 |- |B & D |June 12 |- |B, C & D |June 13 |- |E & F |June 14 |- |G & H |June 15 |- |I & J |June 16 |- |K & L |June 17 |- style="border-top:3px solid green" | rowspan="6" |2 | rowspan="6" |1 vs 3<br /><br />4 vs 2 |A & B |June 18 |- |C & D |June 19 |- |E & F |June 20 |- |G & H |June 21 |- |I & J |June 22 |- |K & L |June 23 |- style="border-top:3px solid green" | rowspan="4" |3 | rowspan="4" |4 vs 1<br /><br />2 vs 3 |A, B & C |June 24 |- |D, E & F |June 25 |- |G, H & I |June 26 |- |J, K & L |June 27 |} </div> == Host selection == {{OSM Location map|float=right|nolabels=1|width=450|height=280|coord={{coord|34|-99.5}}|zoom=3|shapeD=circle|mark-sizeD=8|label-sizeD=11,background,outline|label-posD=right|legendBox=,120px38px5px,5px237px,background,black|legendItem1=Western region,1|legendItem2=Central region,5,14|legendItem3=Eastern region,11,25 <!-- Western region -->|label1='''[[Greater Los Angeles|Los Angeles]]'''|mark-coord1={{Coord|33.95340|-118.33902}}|shape-color1=blue|label-pos1=west|mark-title1=[[Greater Los Angeles|Los Angeles]]|mark-description1=[[SoFi Stadium]]|label2='''[[San Francisco Bay Area|SF Bay Area]]'''|mark-coord2={{Coord|37.40317|-121.96979}}|shape-color2=blue|label-pos2=west|mark-title2=[[San Francisco Bay Area]]|mark-description2=[[Levi's Stadium]]|label3='''[[Seattle]]'''|mark-coord3={{Coord|47.59515|-122.33163}}|shape-color3=blue|mark-title3=[[Seattle]]|mark-description3=[[Lumen Field]]|label4='''[[Vancouver]]'''|mark-coord4={{Coord|49.27669|-123.11202}}|shape-color4=blue|label-pos4=west|mark-title4=[[Vancouver]]|mark-description4=[[BC Place]] <!-- Central region -->|label5='''[[Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex|Dallas]]'''|mark-coord5={{Coord|32.74785|-97.09283}}|shape-color5=green|label-pos5=west|mark-title5=[[Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex|Dallas]]|mark-description5=[[AT&T Stadium]]|label6='''[[Guadalajara metropolitan area|Guadalajara]]'''|mark-coord6={{Coord|20.68182|-103.46241}}|shape-color6=green|label-pos6=west|mark-title6=[[Guadalajara metropolitan area|Guadalajara]]|mark-description6=[[Estadio Akron]]|label7='''[[Houston]]'''|mark-coord7={{Coord|29.68486|-95.41080}}|shape-color7=green|label-pos7=west|mark-title7=[[Houston]]|mark-description7=[[NRG Stadium]]|label8='''[[Kansas City, Missouri|Kansas City]]'''|mark-coord8={{Coord|39.04893|-94.48401}}|shape-color8=green|label-pos8=west|mark-title8=[[Kansas City, Missouri|Kansas City]]|mark-description8=[[Arrowhead Stadium]]|label9='''[[Mexico City]]'''|mark-coord9={{Coord|19.30295|-99.15047}}|shape-color9=green|mark-title9=[[Mexico City]]|mark-description9=[[Estadio Azteca]]|label10='''[[Monterrey metropolitan area|Monterrey]]'''|mark-coord10={{Coord|25.66911|-100.24437}}|shape-color10=green|mark-title10=[[Monterrey metropolitan area|Monterrey]]|mark-description10=[[Estadio BBVA]] <!-- Eastern region -->|label11='''[[Atlanta]]'''|mark-coord11={{Coord|33.4520|-84.24}}|shape-color11=red|mark-title11=[[Atlanta]]|mark-description11=[[Mercedes-Benz Stadium]]|label12='''[[Greater Boston|Boston]]'''|mark-coord12={{Coord|42.09093|-71.26436}}|shape-color12=red|mark-title12=[[Greater Boston|Boston]]|mark-description12=[[Gillette Stadium]]|label13='''[[Miami metropolitan area|Miami]]'''|mark-coord13={{Coord|25.95795|-80.23885}}|shape-color13=red|mark-title13=[[Miami metropolitan area|Miami]]|mark-description13=[[Hard Rock Stadium]]|label14='''[[New York metropolitan area|New York<br/>New Jersey]]'''|mark-coord14={{Coord|40.81352|-74.07435}}|shape-color14=red|ldx14=-2|ldy14=7|mark-title14=[[New York metropolitan area|New York/New Jersey]]|mark-description14=[[MetLife Stadium]]|label15='''[[Philadelphia]]'''|mark-coord15={{Coord|39.90081|-75.16747}}|shape-color15=red|label-pos15=west|mark-title15=[[Philadelphia]]|mark-description15=[[Lincoln Financial Field]]|label16='''[[Toronto]]'''|mark-coord16={{Coord|43.63322|-79.41858}}|shape-color16=red|label-pos16=west|mark-title16=[[Toronto]]|mark-description16=[[BMO Field]]}}De FIFA Council go back den forth between 2013 den 2017 on limitations within hosting rotation based on de continental confederations.<ref>{{Cite news|date=May 30, 2015|title=Current allocation of FIFA World Cup confederation slots maintained|publisher=FIFA|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/y=2015/m=5/news=current-allocation-of-fifa-world-cuptm-confederation-slots-maintained-2610611.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150530211217/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/y%3D2015/m%3D5/news%3Dcurrent-allocation-of-fifa-world-cuptm-confederation-slots-maintained-2610611.html|archive-date=May 30, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=October 4, 2023 |title=FIFA Council takes key decisions on FIFA World Cup™ editions in 2030 and 2034 |url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/fifa-council/media-releases/fifa-council-takes-key-decisions-on-fifa-world-cup-tm-editions-in-2030-and-2034 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260518205428/https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/fifa-council/media-releases/fifa-council-takes-key-decisions-on-fifa-world-cup-tm-editions-in-2030-and-2034 |archive-date=May 18, 2026 |access-date=May 20, 2026 |website=FIFA}}</ref> Finally, de FIFA Council decide to make an exception to potentially grant eligibility to member associations of de confederation of de second-to-last host of de FIFA World Cup insyd de event dat none of de received bids fulfill de strict technical den financial requirements.<ref name="fifacouncil2">{{Cite news|date=October 14, 2016|title=FIFA Council discusses vision for the future of football|publisher=FIFA|url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/news/y=2016/m=10/news=fifa-council-discusses-vision-for-the-future-of-football-2843681.html?intcmp=fifacom_hp_module_news_top|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161017181207/http://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/news/y%3D2016/m%3D10/news%3Dfifa-council-discusses-vision-for-the-future-of-football-2843681.html?intcmp=fifacom_hp_module_news_top|archive-date=October 17, 2016}}</ref><ref name="ap-cbc2">{{Cite news|date=October 14, 2016|title=FIFA blocks Europe from hosting 2026 World Cup, lifting Canada's chances|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]|agency=Associated Press|url=http://www.cbc.ca/sports/soccer/world-cup-expanded-1.3804717|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161014191406/http://www.cbc.ca/sports/soccer/world-cup-expanded-1.3804717|archive-date=October 14, 2016}}</ref> Insyd March 2017, FIFA presido Gianni Infantino confirm say dem exclude "Europe (UEFA) den Asia (AFC) from de bidding following de selection of Russia den Qatar insyd 2018 den 2022 respectively."<ref name="guardian2">{{Cite news|last=Hill|first=Tim|date=March 9, 2017|title=Trump travel ban could prevent United States hosting World Cup|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/mar/09/donald-trump-travel-ban-could-prevent-united-states-hosting-football-world-cup|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211114173744/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/mar/09/donald-trump-travel-ban-could-prevent-united-states-hosting-football-world-cup|archive-date=November 14, 2021|access-date=March 24, 2017|work=The Guardian}}</ref> Therefore, de 2026 World Cup fi be hosted by one of de remaining four confederations: CONCACAF (North America; dem last host insyd 1994), CAF (Africa; dem last host insyd 2010), CONMEBOL (South America; dem last host insyd 2014), anaa OFC (Oceania, dem never host before), anaa potentially by AFC anaa UEFA in case no bid from de others meet de requirements.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 9, 2017 |title=FIFA Council prepares Congress, takes key decisions for the future of the FIFA World Cup |url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/fifa-council/media-releases/fifa-council-prepares-congress-takes-key-decisions-for-the-future-of-t-2883353 |access-date=May 20, 2026 |website=FIFA}}</ref> Co-hosting de FIFA World Cup—wich na e be banned by FIFA after de 2002 World Cup—dem approve for de 2026 World Cup, though no be limited to a specific number, buh instead dem evaluate on a case-by-case basis.<ref name="fifacouncil2">{{Cite news|date=October 14, 2016|title=FIFA Council discusses vision for the future of football|publisher=FIFA|url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/news/y=2016/m=10/news=fifa-council-discusses-vision-for-the-future-of-football-2843681.html?intcmp=fifacom_hp_module_news_top|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161017181207/http://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/news/y%3D2016/m%3D10/news%3Dfifa-council-discusses-vision-for-the-future-of-football-2843681.html?intcmp=fifacom_hp_module_news_top|archive-date=October 17, 2016}}</ref> Canada, Mexico, den de United States each publicly consider bidding for de tournament separately, buh na dem announce de United joint bid on April 10, 2017.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Carlise |first=Jeff |date=April 10, 2017 |title=U.S., Mexico and Canada officially launch bid to co-host 2026 World Cup |url=http://www.espn.co.uk/football/fifa-world-cup/story/3100808/usmexico-and-canada-officially-launch-bid-to-co-host-2026-world-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170411140749/http://www.espn.co.uk/football/fifa-world-cup/story/3100808/usmexico-and-canada-officially-launch-bid-to-co-host-2026-world-cup |archive-date=April 11, 2017 |website=ESPN}}</ref> On August 11, 2017, na dem officially announce de Moroccan bid.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 11, 2017 |title=Le Maroc dépose officiellement sa candidature pour le Mondial 2026 |url=https://sport.le360.ma/football/urgent-le-maroc-depose-officiellement-sa-candidature-pour-le-mondial-2026-39426 |publisher=Le360}}</ref> === Voting === De voting take place on June 13, 2018, during de 68th FIFA Congress insyd Moscow, wey na dem open am to all 203 eligible members.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Graham |first=Bryan Armen |date=June 13, 2018 |title=North America to host 2026 World Cup after winning vote over Morocco – as it happened |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/live/2018/jun/13/world-cup-2026-vote-fifa-nations-choose-between-north-america-and-morocco-live |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718045428/https://www.theguardian.com/football/live/2018/jun/13/world-cup-2026-vote-fifa-nations-choose-between-north-america-and-morocco-live |archive-date=July 18, 2018 |access-date=July 12, 2018 |website=The Guardian}}</ref> De United bid win plus 134 valid ballots, while de Morocco bid receive 65 valid ballots.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Carlise |first=Jeff |date=April 10, 2017 |title=U.S., Mexico and Canada officially launch bid to co-host 2026 World Cup |url=http://www.espn.co.uk/football/fifa-world-cup/story/3100808/usmexico-and-canada-officially-launch-bid-to-co-host-2026-world-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170411140749/http://www.espn.co.uk/football/fifa-world-cup/story/3100808/usmexico-and-canada-officially-launch-bid-to-co-host-2026-world-cup |archive-date=April 11, 2017 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=June 13, 2018|title=World Cup 2026: Canada, US & Mexico joint bid wins right to host tournament|work=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44464913|url-status=live|access-date=June 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114150230/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/44464913|archive-date=January 14, 2021}}</ref> Iran vote give neither of de two bids, while Cuba, Slovenia, den Spain abstain from voting. Ghana be suspended by FIFA secof a corruption scandal wey therefore e be ineligible to vote.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 15, 2017 |title=FIFA Congress confirms next steps of the bidding process for the 2026 FIFA World Cup – FIFA.com |url=http://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/news/y=2017/m=5/news=fifa-congress-confirms-next-steps-of-the-bidding-process-for-the-2026--2883665.html?intcmp=fifacom_hp_module_news_top |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170515003503/http://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/news/y=2017/m=5/news=fifa-congress-confirms-next-steps-of-the-bidding-process-for-the-2026--2883665.html?intcmp=fifacom_hp_module_news_top |archive-date=May 15, 2017 |access-date=April 16, 2024}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="margin: 0 auto;text-align: center" |+Voting results ! rowspan="2" |Nation !Vote |- !Round 1 |- style="background:#90ee90" | align="left" |'''Canada, Mexico, United States''' |'''134''' |- | align="left" |Morocco |65 |- | align="left" |None of the bids |1 |- | align="left" |Abstentions |3 |- ! align="left" |Total valid votes !200 |- ! align="left" |Required for majority !101 |} == Venues ==   [[File:2026_FIFA_World_Cup_Match_4,_United_States_v_Paraguay_(stadium_3_hours_before).jpg|thumb|SoFi Stadium three hours before United States–Paraguay inaugural match]] During de bidding process, 41 cities plus 42 existing, fully functional venues plus regular tenants (except Montreal) den two venues under construction (Las Vegas den Los Angeles) dem submit to be part of de bid (three venues insyd three cities insyd Mexico; six venues insyd six cities insyd Canada; 35 venues insyd 32 cities insyd de United States).<ref name="bids">{{Cite web |title=Forty-one Cities Across Canada, Mexico and the United States Submit Bids to Serve as Host Cities in United Bid for 2026 FIFA World Cup |url=http://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2017/09/07/18/05/20170907-news-wc2026-41-cities-canada-mexico-usa-submit-bids-as-2026-world-cup-hosts |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908021347/http://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2017/09/07/18/05/20170907-news-wc2026-41-cities-canada-mexico-usa-submit-bids-as-2026-world-cup-hosts |archive-date=September 8, 2017 |access-date=September 7, 2017}}</ref> A first-round elimination cut nine venues den nine cities. A second-round elimination cut an additional nine venues insyd six cities, while three venues insyd three cities (Chicago, Minneapolis, den Vancouver) drop out secof FIFA ein unwillingness to discuss financial details. After Montreal drop out insyd July 2021 secof lack of provincial funding den support to renovate Olympic Stadium, Vancouver rejoin de bid as a candidate city insyd April 2022,<ref name="vancouver_candidatecity">{{Cite web |date=April 14, 2022 |title=Update on FIFA World Cup 2026 candidate host city process |url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/media-releases/update-on-fifa-world-cup-2026-candidate-host-city-process |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220712003456/https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/media-releases/update-on-fifa-world-cup-2026-candidate-host-city-process |archive-date=July 12, 2022 |access-date=April 14, 2022 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> wey bring de total number to 24 venues, each insyd ein own city anaa metropolitan area.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 26, 2021 |title=FIFA eyes late 2021 to pick 2026 World Cup host cities |url=https://www.cbc.ca/sports/soccer/fifa-sets-late-2021-target-to-pic-2026-world-cup-cities-1.5888162 |access-date=May 20, 2026 |website=CBC}}</ref> On June 16, 2022, de sixteen host cities (two insyd Canada, three insyd Mexico, eleven insyd de United States) be announced by FIFA: Atlanta, Boston, Dallas, Guadalajara, Houston, Kansas City, Los Angeles, Mexico City, Miami, Monterrey, New York/New Jersey, Philadelphia, San Francisco Bay Area, Seattle, Toronto, den Vancouver. Eight of de sixteen chosen stadiums get permanent artificial turf surfaces wey be planned to be replaced plus grass under de direction of FIFA den a University of Tennessee–Michigan State University research team. Dey depend on de venue ein climate, de turf dem use either be a hybrid of 84% Kentucky bluegrass den 16% perennial ryegrass (for cooler temperatures), anaa Bermuda grass (for warmer temperatures).<ref name="utk-fifa">{{Cite web |title=Bringing UT's Turfgrass Expertise to FIFA World Cup 26 |url=https://www.utk.edu/turfgrass/ |access-date=April 25, 2026 |publisher=UT Knoxville}}</ref><ref name="tsn-henry-26">{{Cite web |last=Henry |first=Genevieve |date=April 22, 2026 |title=MSU Turf Management Program provides grass for World Cup |url=https://statenews.com/article/2026/04/msu-turf-management-program-provides-grass-for-world-cup?ct=content_open&cv=cbox_featured |access-date=April 25, 2026 |publisher=The State News}}</ref><ref name="conv-tr-g-s-b-26">{{Cite web |last=Trey Rogers |first=John N. |last2=Guevara |first2=Jackie Lyn A. |last3=Sorochan |first3=John |last4=Bearss |first4=Ryan |date=April 20, 2026 |title=We designed the turf for soccer's biggest World Cup ever – here's how we created the same playing experience across 3 countries |url=https://theconversation.com/we-designed-the-turf-for-soccers-biggest-world-cup-ever-heres-how-we-created-the-same-playing-experience-across-3-countries-279536 |access-date=April 25, 2026 |publisher=The Conversation}}</ref> Four venues (Atlanta, Dallas, Houston, den Vancouver) be indoor stadiums wey dey use retractable roof systems, all equipped plus climate control, while a fifth, Los Angeles, be open-air buh e get a translucent roof den no climate control. De host of de final match—MetLife Stadium insyd East Rutherford, New Jersey—na dem announce by FIFA on February 4, 2024. Although der be soccer-specific stadiums insyd Canada den de United States, de largest dedicated soccer-specific stadium insyd de United States, Geodis Park insyd Nashville, Tennessee, dey seat 30,000, wich dey fall short of FIFA ein minimum of 40,000 (Toronto ein BMO Field be expanded from 30,000 to 45,500 for dis tournament). Stadiums wey dey include Mercedes-Benz Stadium insyd Atlanta; Gillette Stadium insyd Foxborough, Massachusetts; den Lumen Field insyd Seattle be used by National Football League (NFL) den Major League Soccer (MLS) teams. Although dem primarily use for gridiron football, plus de American stadiums dey host NFL teams den Canada ein hosting de Canadian Football League (CFL), all of de Canadian den American stadiums be used on numerous occasions for soccer wey e sanso be designed to host dat sport. Mexico City be de only capital of de three host nations dem choose as a venue site; Ottawa den Washington, D.C., join Bonn (West Germany, 1974) den Tokyo (Japan, 2002) as de only capital cities dem no select to host World Cup matches. Na Washington be a host city candidate, buh de poor state of Northwest Stadium cause de city to combine ein bid plus nearby Baltimore, wich be unsuccessful. Oda cities dem eliminate from de final hosting list be Cincinnati, Denver, Nashville, Orlando, den Edmonton. Na Ottawa ein candidate venue, TD Place Stadium, dem eliminate early on for insufficient capacity.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Platt |first=Oliver |date=September 7, 2017 |title=Rogers Centre removed from list of potential World Cup 2026 venues |url=https://wakingthered.com/2017/09/07/1986/rogers-centre-removed-from-list-of-potential-world-cup-2026-venues/ |access-date=October 21, 2025 |website=Waking The Red |quote=Mosaic Stadium and TD Place Stadium do not currently meet the minimum-capacity requirement}}</ref> Though eight of de metropolitan areas wey dey host games previously host World Cup games (Dallas, Los Angeles, San Francisco Bay Area, New York/New Jersey, den Boston insyd 1994; Guadalajara den Mexico City insyd both 1970 den 1986; Monterrey insyd 1986), Estadio Azteca be de only stadium insyd dis tournament wey previously host World Cup games, having done so insyd both 1970 den 1986; none of de stadiums dem use insyd de 1994 FIFA World Cup be used insyd dis tournament (though MetLife Stadium dey locate at de same site as one of de 1994 venues, Giants Stadium). Soldier Field insyd Chicago, de Cotton Bowl insyd Dallas, den de Rose Bowl insyd Pasadena (Los Angeles area) be de only stadiums insyd de bidding process to host games insyd 1994, buh dem no select none of dem.<ref name="bids">{{Cite web |title=Forty-one Cities Across Canada, Mexico and the United States Submit Bids to Serve as Host Cities in United Bid for 2026 FIFA World Cup |url=http://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2017/09/07/18/05/20170907-news-wc2026-41-cities-canada-mexico-usa-submit-bids-as-2026-world-cup-hosts |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908021347/http://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2017/09/07/18/05/20170907-news-wc2026-41-cities-canada-mexico-usa-submit-bids-as-2026-world-cup-hosts |archive-date=September 8, 2017 |access-date=September 7, 2017}}</ref> FIFA ein rules on stadium sponsorships require de venues to use alternative names for de duration of de tournament, dem show below insyd parentheses.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pelit |first=Asli |date=February 16, 2024 |title=FIFA RULES MAY COST METLIFE $80M IN WORLD CUP FINAL BRAND VALUE |url=https://www.sportico.com/business/sponsorship/2024/world-cup-final-metlife-sponsorship-fifa-rules-1234766942/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216173018/https://www.sportico.com/business/sponsorship/2024/world-cup-final-metlife-sponsorship-fifa-rules-1234766942/ |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |access-date=July 21, 2024 |website=Sportico}}</ref><ref name="FIFA stadia">{{Cite web |date=July 15, 2025 |title=The FIFA World Cup 26 stadiums |url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/world-cup-2026-stadiums-fifa-soccer-football-mexico-usa-canada |access-date=November 17, 2025 |publisher=FIFA |quote=Stadium official names for the FIFA World Cup 26 have been matched with Host City names and may differ from the common designation used locally.}}</ref> De capacity be based on information wey FIFA publish.<ref name="FIFA stadia" /> ; Key : † dey denote a stadium dem use for previous men's World Cup tournaments. : ‡ dey denote an indoor stadium plus a fixed anaa [[retractable roof]] plus interior [[climate control]]. {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" |+List of tournament venues ! scope="col" |City ! scope="col" |Stadium ! scope="col" |Number of matches ! scope="col" |Capacity ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Image |- ! data-sort-value="Mexico City" style="text-align:left" | [[Mexico City]] |Estadio Azteca†<br /><br />'''(Mexico City Stadium)''' |5; 3 group, 2 knockout |'''80,824''' |[[File:BUENOS_DÍAS,_MÉXICO_ASÍ_DESPIERTA_EL_ESTADIO_CIUDAD_DE_MÉXICO_PARA_EL_MUNDIAL_(3).jpg|190x190px]] |- ! data-sort-value="New York" style="text-align:left" | New York/New Jersey<br /><br />(East Rutherford, New Jersey) |MetLife Stadium<br /><br />'''(New York New Jersey Stadium)''' |8; 5 group, 2 knockout, and the final |'''80,663''' |[[File:DHS_Secretary_Kristi_Noem_Attends_FIFA_Club_World_Cup_2025_Championship_Match_-_54653678957.jpg|190x190px]] |- ! data-sort-value="Dallas" style="text-align:left" | Dallas<br /><br />(Arlington, Texas) |AT&amp;amp;T Stadium‡<br /><br />'''(Dallas Stadium)''' |9; 5 group, 4 knockout |'''70,649''' |[[File:Cowboys_stadium_inside_view_4.JPG|190x190px]] |- ! data-sort-value="Los Angeles" style="text-align:left" | Los Angeles<br /><br />(Inglewood, California) |SoFi Stadium‡<br /><br />'''(Los Angeles Stadium)''' |8; 5 group, 3 knockout |'''70,492''' |[[File:US_vs_Paraguay_National_Anthem.png|190x190px]] |- ! data-sort-value="Kansas City" style="text-align:left" | [[Kansas City, Missouri|Kansas City]] |Arrowhead Stadium<br /><br />'''(Kansas City Stadium)''' |6; 4 group, 2 knockout |'''69,045''' |[[File:25_July_2010_Kansas_City_Wizards_vs_Manchester_United_friendly.jpg|190x190px]] |- ! data-sort-value="San Francisco Bay Area" style="text-align:left" | San Francisco Bay Area<br /><br />(Santa Clara, California) |Levi's Stadium<br /><br />'''(San Francisco Bay Area Stadium)''' |6; 5 group, 1 knockout |'''68,827''' |[[File:Entering_Levi's_Stadium.JPG|190x190px]] |- ! data-sort-value="Houston" style="text-align:left" | [[Houston]] |NRG Stadium‡<br /><br />'''(Houston Stadium)''' |7; 5 group, 2 knockout |'''68,777''' |[[File:Germany_vs_Curaçao_2026_FIFA_World_Cup.jpg|190x190px]] |- ! data-sort-value="Philadelphia" style="text-align:left" | [[Philadelphia]] |Lincoln Financial Field<br /><br />'''(Philadelphia Stadium)''' |6; 5 group, 1 knockout |'''68,324''' |[[File:United_States_v_Paraguay,_Copa_América_Centenario_(cropped).jpg|190x190px]] |- ! data-sort-value="Atlanta" style="text-align:left" | [[Atlanta]] |Mercedes-Benz Stadium‡<br /><br />'''(Atlanta Stadium)''' |8; 5 group, 3 knockout |'''68,239''' |[[File:2017_Orlando_City_at_Atlanta_United_MLS_Game.jpg|190x190px]] |- ! data-sort-value="Seattle" style="text-align:left" | [[Seattle]] |Lumen Field<br /><br />'''(Seattle Stadium)''' |6; 4 group, 2 knockout |'''66,925''' |[[File:2026_FIFA_World_Cup_-_Belgium_v._Egypt_in_Seattle_-_03.jpg|190x190px]] |- ! data-sort-value="Miami" style="text-align:left" | Miami<br /><br />(Miami Gardens, Florida) |Hard Rock Stadium<br /><br />'''(Miami Stadium)''' |7; 4 group, 2 knockout, and third-place |'''64,478''' |[[File:Hard_Rock_Stadium_Club_World_Cup.jpg|190x190px]] |- ! data-sort-value="Boston" style="text-align:left" | Boston<br /><br />(Foxborough, Massachusetts) |Gillette Stadium<br /><br />'''(Boston Stadium)''' |7; 5 group, 2 knockout |'''64,146''' |[[File:Gillette2026.jpg|190x190px]] |- ! data-sort-value="Vancouver" style="text-align:left" | [[Vancouver]] |BC Place‡<br /><br />'''(BC Place Vancouver)''' |7; 5 group, 2 knockout |'''52,497''' |[[File:BC_Place_-_Canada_vs_Qatar.jpg|190x190px]] |- ! data-sort-value="Monterrey" style="text-align:left" | Monterrey<br /><br />(Guadalupe, Nuevo León) |Estadio BBVA<br /><br />'''(Estadio Monterrey)''' |4; 3 group, 1 knockout |'''51,243''' |[[File:Estadio_BBVA_Bancomer_-_Diciembre_2017.jpg|190x190px]] |- ! data-sort-value="Guadalajara" style="text-align:left" | Guadalajara<br /><br />(Zapopan, Jalisco) |Estadio Akron<br /><br />'''(Estadio Guadalajara)''' |4 group |'''45,664''' |[[File:South_Corea_2-Czechia_1_(55334091661).jpg|190x190px]] |- ! data-sort-value="Toronto" style="text-align:left" | [[Toronto]] |BMO Field<br /><br />'''(Toronto Stadium)''' |6; 5 group, 1 knockout |'''43,036''' |[[File:Bmo_Field_2016_East_Stand.jpg|190x190px]] |} == Teams == === Qualification ===   [[File:2026_world_cup_qualification_map.svg|thumb|400x400px|{{Legend|#cccccc|Not a FIFA member}}]] De United Bid personnel anticipate say all three host countries go be awarded automatic berths.<ref name="bid_cities">{{Cite web |title=United 2026 bid book |url=https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/3c077448dcd5c0ab/original/w3yjeu7dadt5erw26wmu-pdf.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915131958/https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/3c077448dcd5c0ab/original/w3yjeu7dadt5erw26wmu-pdf.pdf |archive-date=September 15, 2021 |access-date=April 30, 2018 |publisher=united2026.com}}</ref> On August 31, 2022, FIFA presido Gianni Infantino confirm say six CONCACAF teams go qualify for de World Cup, plus Canada, Mexico, den de United States automatically qualify as hosts.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 31, 2022 |title=Presidente de la FIFA confirma cantidad de plazas de Concacaf para el Mundial de 2026 |url=https://espndeportes.espn.com/futbol/guatemala/nota/_/id/10856065/presidente-fifa-gianni-infantino-plazas-concacaf-mundial-2026 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220922004259/https://espndeportes.espn.com/futbol/guatemala/nota/_/id/10856065/presidente-fifa-gianni-infantino-plazas-concacaf-mundial-2026 |archive-date=September 22, 2022 |access-date=October 18, 2022 |website=ESPN Deportes |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vargas |first=Dinia |date=August 31, 2022 |title=Infantino anuncia cuántos cupos tendrá la Concacaf para el Mundial de 2026 |url=https://www.crhoy.com/deportes/infantino-anuncia-cuantos-cupos-tendra-la-concacaf-para-el-mundial-de-2026/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220831205624/https://www.crhoy.com/deportes/infantino-anuncia-cuantos-cupos-tendra-la-concacaf-para-el-mundial-de-2026/ |archive-date=August 31, 2022 |access-date=October 18, 2022 |website=CRHoy.com |language=es}}</ref> Na dis be confirmed by de FIFA Council on February 14, 2023. Immediately prior to de 67th FIFA Congress, de FIFA Council approve de slot allocation insyd a meeting insyd Manama, Bahrain.<ref name="slot">{{Cite web |date=March 30, 2017 |title=Bureau of the Council recommends slot allocation for the 2026 FIFA World Cup |url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/organisation/media-releases/bureau-of-the-council-recommends-slot-allocation-for-the-2026-fifa-wor-2878254 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619161123/https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/organisation/media-releases/bureau-of-the-council-recommends-slot-allocation-for-the-2026-fifa-wor-2878254 |archive-date=June 19, 2022 |access-date=August 5, 2022 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=March 30, 2017 |title=World Cup 2026: Fifa reveals allocation for 48-team tournament |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/39448474 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170330224520/http://www.bbc.com/sport/football/39448474 |archive-date=March 30, 2017 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Na dis include an inter-confederation playoff tournament wey dey involve six teams to decide de last two FIFA World Cup spots.<ref name="fifa_council">{{Cite web |date=May 9, 2017 |title=FIFA Council prepares Congress, takes key decisions for the future of the FIFA World Cup |url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/news/y=2017/m=5/news=fifa-council-prepares-congress-takes-key-decisions-for-the-future-of-t-2883353.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170618072825/http://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/news/y%3D2017/m%3D5/news%3Dfifa-council-prepares-congress-takes-key-decisions-for-the-future-of-t-2883353.html |archive-date=June 18, 2017 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> De six teams insyd de playoffs comprise one team from each confederation wey dey exclude UEFA, den one additional team from de confederation of de host countries (CONCACAF). Two of de teams be seeded based on de World Rankings, wey dem play de winners of two knockout matches between de four unseeded teams for de two FIFA World Cup berths. Na dem play de four-match tournament insyd Mexico, one of de host countries, wey na dem sanso use am as a test event for de FIFA World Cup.<ref name="slot" /> The ratification of slot allocations nlso iavedhe OFC a guaranteed berth isydndhe final tournament fordhe first time:na dhe 2026 FIFA World Cupbesdhe first tournament isydn hich all six confederationsgvte at least one guaranteed berthweyde s nlsobe dhe first time sincedhe 2010 edition isydn hich all confederationsgetd a team qualify fordhe World Cup finals.<ref name="slot">{{Cite web |date=March 30, 2017 |title=Bureau of the Council recommends slot allocation for the 2026 FIFA World Cup |url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/organisation/media-releases/bureau-of-the-council-recommends-slot-allocation-for-the-2026-fifa-wor-2878254 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619161123/https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/organisation/media-releases/bureau-of-the-council-recommends-slot-allocation-for-the-2026-fifa-wor-2878254 |archive-date=June 19, 2022 |access-date=August 5, 2022 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> Of de 48 qualified teams, 26 sanso appear insyd de 2022 edition. Highlights dey include: * Cape Verde,<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 13, 2025 |title=Cabo Verde seal historic World Cup qualification |url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/cabo-verde-qualify |access-date=October 14, 2025 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> Curaçao,[B] Jordan, den Uzbekistan[C] make dema World Cup debuts. * Qatar qualify for de tournament thru qualification for de first time, as na ein only previous appearance be as host insyd 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 14, 2025 |title=Qatar and Saudi Arabia qualify for 2026 World Cup |url=https://global.espn.com/football/story/_/id/46597037/qatar-saudi-arabia-qualify-2026-fifa-world-cup |access-date=October 15, 2025 |website=ESPN |agency=Associated Press}}</ref> * DR Congo[D] den Haiti return to de tournament after dem appear insyd dema only previous tournament insyd 1974.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Williams |first=Ian |date=March 31, 2026 |title=Tuanzebe sends DR Congo back to World Cup after 52 years |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/articles/cn43qqy9z8xo |access-date=March 31, 2026 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> * Iraq return to de tournament after appearing insyd ein only previous tournament insyd 1986.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Luckings |first=Steve |date=March 31, 2026 |title=Iraq beat Bolivia to qualify for 2026 Fifa World Cup |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/sport/2026/04/01/iraq-beat-bolivia-to-qualify-for-2026-fifa-world-cup/ |access-date=March 31, 2026 |website=The National News}}</ref> * Austria, Norway, den Scotland return to de tournament after last appearing insyd 1998.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Austria, Belgium, Scotland, Spain and Swiss reach World Cup |url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/uefa-qualifiers-review-matchday-10-november-18 |access-date=November 19, 2025 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> Four-time champion Italy miss out after dem be defeated insyd de European playoff final by Bosnia and Herzegovina on penalties, wey cam be de first former champion to miss out on three consecutive World Cups;<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bandini |first=Nicky |date=March 31, 2026 |title=Italy miss out on World Cup again after Bosnia and Herzegovina's shootout triumph |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2026/mar/31/bosnia-herzegovina-italy-world-cup-2026-qualifying-playoff-match-report |access-date=April 3, 2026 |website=The Guardian}}</ref> as insyd 2018 den 2022, Italy be de only former champion wey no qualify. Plus a FIFA Men's World Ranking of 12, Italy sanso be de highest-ranking team wey no qualify. De qualified teams, dem list by region, plus numbers insyd parentheses wey dey indicate final positions insyd de FIFA Men's World Ranking before de tournament na dem be:<ref>{{Cite web |title=FIFA/Coca-Cola Men's World Ranking |url=https://inside.fifa.com/fifa-world-ranking/men?dateId=FRS_Male_Football_20260401 |access-date=June 16, 2026 |website=inside.fifa.com |language=en}}</ref>    === Draw === {{#lst:2026 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|Bracket}} [[File:FIFA_World_Cup_2026_Official_Draw_(54966258098).jpg|thumb|300x300px|From left to right, FIFA President Gianni Infantino, US Presido Donald Trump, Mexican Presido Claudia Sheinbaum, den Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney at de start of de draw.]] De draw take place on December 5, 2025, at de Kennedy Center insyd Washington, D.C.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 5, 2025 |title=Groups revealed in star-studded Final Draw |url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/final-draw-results |access-date=December 6, 2025 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> De draw ceremony begin plus FIFA presenting de first (den as of 2026[update] de only) FIFA Peace Prize to United States presido Donald Trump, an award wich fuel scrutiny den controversy among human rights groups, analysts, den odas.<ref name="Amnesty">{{Cite web |date=December 4, 2025 |title=Global: FIFA needs to act on human rights |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2025/12/global-fifa-needs-to-act-on-human-rights/ |access-date=December 6, 2025 |website=Amnesty International}}</ref> Na dem divide de 48 teams into four pots of 12. Pot 1 consist of de three hosts den de top nine teams from de November 2025 FIFA Men's World Ranking. Pots 2, 3, den 4 consist of de remaining teams according to de ranking. Na de four winners of de UEFA playoffs den de two winners of de inter-confederation playoffs no be known at de time of de draw den thus be automatically allocated to Pot 4. Na de 12 groups randomly be formed by selecting one team from each of de four pots. Plus de exception of UEFA, no group fi get more dan one team from de same confederation dem draw into am.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 25, 2025 |title=Procedures for the Final Draw for the FIFA World Cup 2026 revealed |url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/media-releases/procedures-final-draw-world-cup-2026-revealed |access-date=November 25, 2025 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=November 25, 2025 |title=Draw Procedures for the FIFA World Cup 2026 |url=https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/2d1a1ac7bab78995/original/Draw-Procedures-for-the-FIFA-World-Cup-2026.pdf |access-date=November 25, 2025 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> De three host nations be pre-allocated to three groups for scheduling purposes. Mexico be placed insyd Group A, Canada insyd Group B, den de United States insyd Group D.<ref name="Schedule">{{Cite web |date=February 4, 2024 |title=FIFA World Cup 26 – Match Schedule |url=https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/1be9ce37eb98fcc5/original/FWC26-Match-Schedule_English.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205034420/https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/1be9ce37eb98fcc5/original/FWC26-Match-Schedule_English.pdf |archive-date=February 5, 2024 |access-date=February 4, 2024 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> De confederation restriction dem apply to all three potential winners of de inter-confederation playoffs. FIFA sanso announce say, "insyd de interest of ensuring competitive balance", de teams dem rank first (Spain), second (Argentina), third (France), den fourth (England) go be drawn into opposite pathways. Therefore, if dese teams win dema groups, dem go be unable to meet til de semifinals.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Dale |date=November 25, 2025 |title=Fifa to keep top seeds apart in World Cup draw |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/articles/cvg84knn2p5o |access-date=November 25, 2025 |website=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> Na de draw start plus Pot 1 wey e end plus Pot 4, plus each team dem select den then dem allocate into de first available group alphabetically. For de purpose of de match schedule, de Pot 1 teams be automatically drawn into position 1 of each group. For de remaining pots, FIFA establish a predetermined pattern to define de position of teams based on dema pot den de group dem be drawn into.{{#lst:2026 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|Bracket}} === Team base camps === Na dem use base camps by de 48 squads to stay den train at before den during de World Cup tournament.<ref name="Team Base camps">{{Cite web |date=June 12, 2024 |title=FIFA shares potential World Cup 26 Team Base Camp locations |url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/base-camps-potential-locations |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612215436/https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/base-camps-potential-locations |archive-date=June 12, 2024 |access-date=June 12, 2024 |website=fifa.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=November 21, 2024 |title=FIFA World Cup 26 expands Team Base Camp brochure: 26 new options added |url=https://inside.fifa.com/about-fifa/organisation/news/fifa-world-cup-26-tm-expands-team-base-camp-brochure-26-new-options-added |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241121220113/https://inside.fifa.com/about-fifa/organisation/news/fifa-world-cup-26-tm-expands-team-base-camp-brochure-26-new-options-added |archive-date=November 21, 2024 |access-date=January 15, 2025 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 17, 2025 |title=14 new Team Base Camp options added as road to 2026 continues |url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/news/14-new-team-base-camp-options-world-cup-2026 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250417180742/https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/news/14-new-team-base-camp-options-world-cup-2026 |archive-date=April 17, 2025 |website=inside.fifa.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Schirgi |first=Heimo |title=Team Base Camp brochure |url=https://fwc26teambasecamps.fifa.com |access-date=October 23, 2025 |website=FIFA}}</ref> === Squads === Before submitting dema final squad for de tournament, teams name a provisional squad of between 35 den 55 players one month prior to de tournament. Na teams be required to name dema final squads by June 2. If a player cam be too injured anaa ill to prevent ein participation insyd de tournament, he fi be replaced by anoda player from de provisional squad til 24 hours before de team ein first match. However, an injured anaa ill goalkeeper fi be replaced by anoda goalkeeper from de provisional squad at any time during de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 6, 2026 |title=When are World Cup squads named, and how many players will feature? |url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/squad-lists-number-date |access-date=May 7, 2026 |publisher=[[FIFA]]}}</ref> == Officiating == On April 9, 2026, FIFA announce de list of 52 referees, 88 assistant referees, den 30 video assistant referees for de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 9, 2026 |title=Match officials appointed for World Cup 2026 |url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/match-officials-appointed-referees |access-date=April 9, 2026 |website=FIFA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 9, 2026 |title=List of appointed FIFA Match Officials |url=https://digitalhub.fifa.com/asset/7879a8c6-c228-4848-a8de-7dc69b37b594/Final-List-of-Match-Officials-FWC-2026.pdf |access-date=April 9, 2026 |website=FIFA}}</ref> == Ceremonies == === Opening ceremonies === De tournament feature three opening ceremonies, one for each of de hosts.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2026 World Cup Opening Ceremonies: How to Watch, Who is Performing, Start Times |url=https://www.foxsports.com/stories/soccer/2026-world-cup-opening-ceremonies-how-watch-who-performing-start-times |access-date=June 11, 2026 |website=www.foxsports.com |language=en-US}}</ref> De opening ceremony insyd Mexico take place on June 11, 2026, at Estadio Banorte.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 12, 2026 |title=World Cup kicks off in Mexico with Shakira, dancing, and protests |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c2ly928xz8go |access-date=June 13, 2026 |website=BBC News}}</ref> Mexican singer Alejandro Fernández perform "Himno Nacional Mexicano" den South African singer Tyla perform de "National anthem of South Africa"<ref>{{Cite web |title=More special guests revealed for FIFA World Cup 2026™ ceremonies in Mexico City |url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/media-releases/origin1904-p.cxm.fifa.com/more-special-guests-revealed-world-cup-2026-ceremonies-mexico-city |website=inside.fifa.com}}</ref> De next day, on June 12, 2026, de opening ceremony insyd Canada take place at BMO Field insyd Toronto. Canadian-American musician Alanis Morissette perform "O Canada" while Serbian-Canadian violinist Aleksandar Gajić perform "Državna himna Bosne i Hercegovine".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Expanded lineup revealed for FIFA World Cup 2026™ ceremonies in Canada |url=https://inside.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/media-releases/origin1904-p.cxm.fifa.com/expanded-lineup-revealed-world-cup-2026-tm-ceremonies-canada |website=inside.fifa.com}}</ref> On de same day, de opening ceremony for de United States take place at SoFi Stadium insyd Los Angeles. American country duo Dan + Shay perform "The Star-Spangled Banner" while Paraguayan soul duo Purahei Soul perform "Himno Nacional Paraguayo".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Additional talent unveiled for FIFA World Cup 2026™ ceremonies in Los Angeles |url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/media-releases/origin1904-p.cxm.fifa.com/additional-talent-unveiled-world-cup-2026-ceremonies-los-angeles |website=inside.fifa.com}}</ref> === Independence Day ceremonies === In addition, two special ceremonies take place on July 4, 2026, to honor de United States Semiquincentennial at Lincoln Financial Field insyd Philadelphia den NRG Stadium insyd Houston.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Crafton |first=Adam |date=May 8, 2026 |title=FIFA to hold three World Cup opening ceremonies and two marking America 250, artists revealed |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/7262593/2026/05/08/fifa-opening-ceremonies-perry-buble-america-250/ |website=The New York Times |via=NYTimes.com}}</ref> == Group stage == [[File:2026_world_cup.svg|thumb|Result of countries participating in the 2026 FIFA World Cup{{Legend|#A00000|Group stage}}]] === Group A === === Ranking of third-placed teams === == Knockout stage == === Qualified teams === === Bracket === === Round of 32 === == References == == External links == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] o3p4dnd8r03jpuusrgv875o8byj62oz 828 29227 109068 2026-08-04T23:52:20Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh module 109068 Scribunto text/plain require('strict') local delink=require('Module:Delink').delink local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs local p = {} local maplist={} local sgNames={} local highlightOption=false local highlightNum local visibleLinks local geoTotalPop = 0 local captionTable = '' local captionTableText = {} -- This module creates framed maps of anywhere in the world, at the required scale, and enables annotations, -- dots, shapes, lines and other ways to customise the area of the map being shown. It also provides a link -- to an interactive fullscreen version, which has locator dots instead of annotations and shapes. -- This is the 2025 successor module to a wiki-markup template version of 2024, which itself was a successor -- to the 'Graph'/VEGA driven template that was begun in 2016, until the Vega version was switched off in 2023. -- This module is called from template {{OSM Location map}}, which uses the same parameter formats as before. -- In addition it may at some point be possible to use a more concise parameter format using the template {{OSM Location dots}} -- In general the css output from the two formats will be identical, but the the concise version will allow bits of -- greater control over some of the settings. -- see the documentation on the two template pages for details of how to use the mapping features. -- If language customisation is needed, there are text items below that can be translated. Also see the color table -- below with details of how to add additional color names to allow localised alternatives. -- (Translating other language shape-types could be possible, but has not currently been contemplated. -- Parameter name translation would be harder but likely to be possible, ideally still retaining compatibility -- with template calls already written using English). -- -------------- the following text variables are used within the template, and can be translated as required --------------- -- -------------- you may wish to retain the English version as a comment, to keep track of the original phrase -------------- local negativeAnswer={no=1,'0'-1,off=1} local fullscreenlinktext = 'Click for interactive fullscreen map with links to nearby articles' local toggletext = 'List of numbered map items:' local termsOfUse = 'Maps: terms of use' local aboutOSM = 'About OpenStreetMaps' local yards = 'yds' local miles = 'miles' local metres = 'm' local km = 'km' local sqkm = 'sq.km' local year = 'year' local notFound = 'not found' local totalItems = 'Total' local sumOfDatapoints = 'sum of datapoints' local numberCol = 'No.' -- abbreviated for top of column of code numbers local wikidataLink = 'Wikidata page' local shapeList={} --This sets up the 'factoryDefault' shape group 0 shapeList["0"]={shapeType="0", Name="initialSettings", Parent="0", --sga items for the shape shape="circle", shapeSize="12px", shapeColor="blue", shapeAngle="0deg", --sgb items for border of the shape outlineWidth="0.5px", outlineColor="darkblue", outlineStyle="solid", --sgc items text settings for labels textSZ="11px", textCL="darkgrey", textNG="0deg", --sgf further text settings textSP="0px", textLH="120%", textOL="0px", textBG="transparent", --sgd items for dotTag text settings tagSize="10px", tagColor="white", tagSpacer="0px", tagAngle="0deg", --sge items for extension line to connect label to dot textEW="0px", textEC="darkgrey", textES="solid" } local colorList={} -- used by colorLookup to catch unsupported colors (eg 'LimeGreen'), to convert to generic version colorList['green']='hardgreen' -- it could also be added to to include alternative language equivelants, for a quick solution. colorList['red']='hardred' -- colorList ['source'] = target colorList['white']='white' -- converts any color that includes 'source' into its equivelent target colorList['blue']='hardblue' -- note, for translation you can add to this list, rather than replace it, colorList['brown']='hardbrown' -- which would mean existing map definitions in english would also still work, alongside translated ones colorList['grey']='hardgrey' colorList['gray']='hardgrey' colorList['purple']='hardpurple' colorList['orange']='hardorange' colorList['leaf']='hardleaf' --for a more thorough translation, you can add all the variants of the colors as further CTB elements and hex values or redirects local CTB={} -- set up a table of color names (the CTB Color table index) and html hash colorhex values. CTB["paleblue"],CTB["softblue"],CTB["hardblue"],CTB["darkblue"]="#D6E1EC","#77A1CB","#4B77D6","#1c559e" CTB["palered"],CTB["softred"],CTB["hardred"],CTB["darkred"] = "#FCC6C0","#EC644B","#DB3123","#AA1205" CTB["palegreen"],CTB["softgreen"],CTB["hardgreen"],CTB["darkgreen"]= "#D2F0E5","#81AF81","#269F46","#0b7527" CTB["paleleaf"],CTB["softleaf"],CTB["hardleaf"],CTB["darkleaf"]= "#dff5c1","#b5e376","#8cc244","#679c21" CTB["palegrey"],CTB["softgrey"],CTB["hardgrey"],CTB["darkgrey"]= "#E8E8D6","#AAAA88","#777755","#444433" CTB["palegray"],CTB["softgray"],CTB["hardgray"],CTB["darkgray"]=CTB["palegrey"],CTB["softgrey"],CTB["hardgrey"],CTB["darkgrey"] CTB["palebrown"],CTB["softbrown"],CTB["hardbrown"],CTB["darkbrown"]="#FAF6ED","#CCB56C","#AD7F14","#754910" CTB["palepurple"],CTB["softpurple"],CTB["hardpurple"],CTB["darkpurple"]="#e0d1e6","#c784e0","#a029cf","#7a05a8" CTB["paleorange"],CTB["softorange"],CTB["hardorange"],CTB["darkorange"]="#ffedc2","#ffcf61","#EEB533","#e39f05" CTB["black"],CTB["white"],CTB["yellow"]="#000000","#FFFFFF","#FAF039" CTB["background"],CTB["paleground"],CTB["beigeground"]="#f9f6f2","#FEFEFA","#F5F5DC" CTB["beige"]=CTB["beigeground"] CTB["aqua"],CTB["teal"],CTB["fuchsia"] = "#00FFFF","#008080","#FF00FF" CTB["maroon"],CTB["olive"],CTB["navy"] = "#800000","#808000","#000080" CTB["lime"],CTB["limegreen"],CTB["aquamarine"] = "#00FF00","#32CD32","#7FFFD4" CTB["silver"],CTB["yellow"],CTB["orchid"] = "#800000","#FFFF00","#DA70D6" CTB["russet"]="#B08279" -- set up a table of predefined clip-paths local pathshape={} pathshape.squaredd = "M 19,1.25 l 0,18 -18,0 0,-18 18,0m-1,1 -16,0 0,16 16,0 0,-16m-1,1 0,14 -14,0 0,-14 14,0zm-1,1 -12,0 0,12 12,0 0,-12zm-1,1 0,10 -10,0 0,-10 10,0z" pathshape.squared = "M 18,2.5 l 0,15 -15,0 0,-15 15,0m-1,1 -13,0 0,13 13,0 0,-13zm-1,1 0,11 -11,0 0,-11 11,0z" pathshape.triangledd="M 0 20,20 20,10 0,0 20ZM1.5 19,10 1.7,18.5 19,1.5 19ZM3 18,17 18,10 3.8,3 18ZM4.5 17,10 5.4,15.4 17, 4.5,17ZM6 16,13.8 16,10 7.4z" pathshape.triangled ="M1,18 l 18,0 l -9,-18 l -9,18zm1.7,-1.1 l 7.3,-14.6 l 7.3,14.6 l -14.6, 0zm1.7,-1 l 11.0,0 l -5.5,-11 l -5.5,11z" pathshape.circledd = "M0,10a10,10 0 1,0 20,0a10,10 0 1,0 -20,0zm0.8,0a9.2,9.2 0 1,1 18.4,0a9.2,9.2 0 1,1 -18.4,0m1,0a8.2,8.2 0 1,0 16.4,0a8.2,8.2 0 1,0 -16.4,0zm0.8,0a7.2,7.2 0 1,1 14.8,0a7.2,7.2 0 1,1 -14.8,0m1,0 a6.4,6.4 0 1,1 12.8,0a6.4,6.4 0 1,1 -12.8,0z" pathshape.circled = "M2.5,10a7.5,7.5 0 1,0 15,0a7.5,7.5 0 1,0 -15,0zm1,0a6.5,6.5 0 1,1 13,0a6.5,6.5 0 1,1 -13,0m0.8,0 a5,5 0 1,1 11.4,0a5,5 0 1,1 -11.4,0" pathshape.diamond = "M3,10 l 7,-10 l 7,10 -7,10 -7,-10z" pathshape.diamondd = "M3,10 l 7,-10 l 7,10 -7,10 -7,-10zm1,0 l 6,8.5 l 6,-8.5 -6,-8.5 -6,8.5zm1,0 l 5,-7 5,7 -5,7 -5,-7z" pathshape.diamonddd = "M3,10 l 7,-10 l 7,10 -7,10 -7,-10zm0.75,0 l 6.25,9 l 6.25,-9 -6.25,-9 -6.25,9zm0.75,0 l 5.5,-8 5.5,8 -5.5,8 -5.5,-8zm0.75,0 l 4.75,7 l 4.75,-7 -4.75,-7 -4.75,7zm0.75,0 l 4,-6 4,6 -4,6 -4,-6z" pathshape.crossd = "M3.1,12.5 l4.2,0 l0,4.2 l5,0 l0,-4 l4.2,0 l0,-5 l-4.2,0 l0,-4.2 l-5,0 l0,4.2 l-4.2,0zM2.3,10a7.5,7.5 0 1,0 15,0a7.5,7.5 0 1,0 -15,0zm1,0a6.5,6.5 0 1,1 13,0a6.5,6.5 0 1,1 -13,0z" pathshape.cross = "M3.1,12.5 l4.2,0 l0,4.2 l5,0 l0,-4 l4.2,0 l0,-5 l-4.2,0 l0,-4.2 l-5,0 l0,4.2 l-4.2,0z" pathshape.thincross = "M2,12 l6,0 l0,6 l4,0 l0,-6 l6,0 l0,-4 l-6,0 l0,-6 l-4,0 l0,6 l-6,0z" pathshape.fivepointstar = "M10 0 L12.245 6.91 19.511 6.91 13.633 11.18 15.878 18.09 10 13.82 4.122 18.09 6.367 11.18 0.489 6.91 7.755 6.91Z" pathshape.fivepointstard = "M10 1.5 L 11.90825 7.3735 18.08435 7.3735 13.08805 11.003 14.9963 16.8765 10 13.247 5.0037 16.8765 6.91195 11.003 1.91565 7.3735 8.09175 7.3735 ZM0,10a10,10 0 1,0 20,0a10,10 0 1,0 -20,0zm1.5,0a8.5,8.5 0 1,1 17,0a8.5,8.5 0 1,1 -17,0z" pathshape.sixpointstar = "M10 0 L12.323 5.977 18.66 5 14.645 10 18.66 15 12.323 14.023 10 20 7.677 14.023 1.34 15 5.355 10 1.34 5 7.677 5.977Z" pathshape.sixpointstard = "M10 1.5 L 11.97455 6.58045 17.361 5.75 13.94825 10 17.361 14.25 11.97455 13.41955 10 18.5 8.02545 13.41955 2.639 14.25 6.05175 10 2.639 5.75 8.02545 6.58045 ZM0,10a10,10 0 1,0 20,0a10,10 0 1,0 -20,0zm1.5,0a8.5,8.5 0 1,1 17,0a8.5,8.5 0 1,1 -17,0z" pathshape.sevenpointstar = "M10 0 L12.048 5.747 17.818 3.765 14.602 8.95 19.749 12.225 13.69 12.943 14.339 19.01 10 14.72 5.661 19.01 6.31 12.943 0.251 12.225 5.398 8.95 2.182 3.765 7.952 5.747Z" pathshape.sevenpointstard = "M10 1.5 L11.7408 6.38495 16.6453 4.70025 13.9117 9.1075 18.28665 11.89125 13.1365 12.50155 13.68815 17.6585 10 14.012 6.31185 17.6585 6.8635 12.50155 1.71335 11.89125 6.0883 9.1075 3.3547 4.70025 8.2592 6.38495 ZM0,10a10,10 0 1,0 20,0a10,10 0 1,0 -20,0zm1.5,0a8.5,8.5 0 1,1 17,0a8.5,8.5 0 1,1 -17,0z" pathshape.eightpointstar = "M10 0 L11.88 5.46 17.071 2.929 14.54 8.12 20 10 14.54 11.88 17.071 17.071 11.88 14.54 10 20 8.12 14.54 2.929 17.071 5.46 11.88 0 10 5.46 8.12 2.929 2.929 8.12 5.46Z" pathshape.eightpointstard = "M10 0 L10 1.5 L11.598 6.141 16.01035 3.98965 13.859 8.402 18.5 10 13.859 11.598 16.01035 16.01035 11.598 13.859 10 18.5 8.402 13.859 3.98965 16.01035 6.141 11.598 1.5 10 6.141 8.402 3.98965 3.98965 8.402 6.141ZM0,10a10,10 0 1,0 20,0a10,10 0 1,0 -20,0zm1.5,0a8.5,8.5 0 1,1 17,0a8.5,8.5 0 1,1 -17,0z" pathshape.ring="M2.6,9.5a7.5,7.5 0 1,0 15,0a7.5,7.5 0 1,0 -15,0zm1,0a6.5,6.5 0 1,1 13,0a6.5,6.5 0 1,1 -13,0z" pathshape.semicircle = "M0,5 C0,18.3,20,18.3,20,5 L 0,5z" pathshape.arrowhead = "M 10,10.2 l 10,2.8 -2,-3 2,-3 -10,2.8 -0.2,0.2z" pathshape.boxd=pathshape.squared pathshape.boxdd=pathshape.squaredd pathshape.ellipsed=pathshape.circled pathshape.ellipsedd=pathshape.circledd local msg={} local function debugmsg(txt) table.insert(msg,txt) end local pmsg={} local function previewMsg(txt) table.insert(pmsg,txt) end local function colorLookup(color) for c,l in pairs(colorList) do if string.find(color,c) then return l end end return color end local function getColor (color,chk) local c local opacity="100" if not color or color=='' then color='hardgrey' end if color=="transparent" then return color end if color=="background1" then color='background' end if string.byte(color,1,1)==35 and (#color == 7 or #color == 9) then c=color elseif string.byte(color,1,1)==35 and #color == 4 then c=string.sub(color,1,2)..'f'..string.sub(color,3,3)..'f'..string.sub(color,4,4)..'f' else local s=color..'1' s= s:sub(0,s:find("%d")-1) opacity=string.match(color,"%d+") if not CTB[s] then s= colorList[s] end -- check for synonyms and translations if not CTB[s] then debugmsg(mw.addWarning('color = '..color..'. The color name is not defined. Used default grey instead')) end c=CTB[s] or CTB.hardgrey end if opacity and (tonumber(opacity) < 100) and string.find(c,"#")==1 and string.len(c)==7 and opacity~="" then local hexval=string.format("%x",(math.floor(tonumber(opacity)*2.55))) c=c..hexval end return c end function p.colorvalue(frame) -- enable external access to the CTB colorTable values. usage: {{#invoke:OSM Location map|colorvalue|color=hard blue}} local c if not frame.args.color or frame.args.color=='' then c='grey' else c=string.lower(string.gsub(frame.args.color,'%s+','')) end return string.upper(string.sub(getColor(c),2)) end local function checkColors(color) local c=getColor(color,'check') local opacity =1 -- calculate colour brightness and return black or white for contrast if c=='transparent' then return c,'#000000',0 end if not (string.find(c,'#')==1) then return c,'#FFFFFF',0 end if #c>8 then opacity= tonumber('0x'..(string.sub(c,8,9)))/500 end local r=tonumber('0x'..(string.sub(c,2,3)))/255 local g=tonumber('0x'..(string.sub(c,4,5)))/255 local b=tonumber('0x'..(string.sub(c,6,7)))/255 if 0.2126 * r + 0.7152 * g + 0.0722 * b / opacity < 0.7 then return c,'#FFFFFF',0.2126 * r + 0.7152 * g + 0.0722 * b / opacity else return c,'#000000',0.2126 * r + 0.7152 * g + 0.0722 * b / opacity end end function p.ndot(frame) local c1,c2 = checkColors(string.lower(string.gsub(frame.args[2] or 'grey','%s+',''))) local c3=getColor(string.lower(string.gsub(frame.args[4] or 'dark grey','%s+',''))) if frame.args[3] then c3='border:'..frame.args[3]..'px solid '..c3..'; ' else c3='' end return '<span style="'..(frame.args['css'] or '')..'background-color: '..c1..'; '..c3..'font-size:'..(frame.args['size'] or '16')..'px; border-radius:'..(frame.args['size'] or '16')..'px; color: '..c2..'">&nbsp;'..frame.args[1]..'&nbsp;</span>' end local function morethan(a,b) if tonumber(string.match(a, '%f[%d]%d[,.%d]*%f[%D]')) and tonumber(string.match(b, '%f[%d]%d[,.%d]*%f[%D]')) then a = tonumber(string.match(a, '%-?%f[%d]%d[,.%d]*%f[%D]') ) b = tonumber(string.match(b, '%-?%f[%d]%d[,.%d]*%f[%D]') or '0') end return a>b end local function lessthan(a,b) if tonumber(string.match(a, '%f[%d]%d[,.%d]*%f[%D]')) and tonumber(string.match(b, '%f[%d]%d[,.%d]*%f[%D]')) then a = tonumber(string.match(a, '%-?%f[%d]%d[,.%d]*%f[%D]')) b = tonumber(string.match(b, '%-?%f[%d]%d[,.%d]*%f[%D]') or '0') end return a<b end local function getsize(size) --size1 is between 1 and 3 values, each with px, equating to width,height,corner-rounding --eg '15px 25px 5px' (spaces are optional) or '18px'. returns three numbers local sizeval = {} for v in string.gmatch(size, "[^px]+") do table.insert(sizeval,v) end sizeval[1] = tonumber(sizeval[1]) or 13 sizeval[2] = tonumber(sizeval[2]) or sizeval[1] sizeval[3] = tonumber(sizeval[3]) or 0 return sizeval[1],sizeval[2],sizeval[3] end local function coord2text(coord) -- looks through the output from {{coord}} to find the lat and long decimal values -- and converts compass points to minus or not-minus, return with separating comma. local lat = string.match(coord,'[%.%d]+°[NS]') local lon = string.match(coord,'[%.%d]+°[EW]') local neg={N="",S="-",W="-",E=""} return neg[string.match(lat, '[NS]')]..string.match(lat,'[%.%d]+')..","..neg[string.match(lon, '[EW]')]..string.match(lon,'[%.%d]+') end local function convertCoordsTrad (row) local coords='' if row and string.find (row,'<span class="geo">') then local a,b=string.find(row,'<span class="geo">') local start=b+1 a,b=string.find(row,"</span>",b) local finish=a-1 coords=string.sub(row,start,finish) coords=string.gsub(coords,'; ',',') end return coords end local function convertCoords (row) local start,finish,lat,lon,coords,says if row then local a,b=string.find(row,"<span class=") start=a while a do -- find the final span> finish=b a,b=string.find(row,"span>",b) end if start then coords= string.sub(row,start,finish) says="" if string.find(coords,'<span class="error">') then error("coord error: badly formed coordinates",0) end coords=coord2text(coords) coords = string.sub(row,1,start-1)..coords..string.sub(row,finish+1) else coords=row end return coords else return "Nothing to see here" end end local function fillCommas(val,max) local line='' if not val then line=',' -- ensure there is some content else line = val --string.lower(string.gsub(val,"%s+","")) -- or strip spaces end if string.find(line,',') == 1 then line=' '..line end -- ensure initial comma is not skipped local _, count=string.gsub(line,",","") -- add enough subsequent commas for all entries line=line..string.rep(',',max-count) while(string.find(line,",,") ) do line=string.gsub(line,",,",", ,") --ensure string.gmatch doesn't ignore any empty items by padding with spaces end return line end local function makeLinkBox(left,top,wid,label, link) local linkBoxName='Transparent square.svg' if visibleLinks or '' =='yes' then linkBoxName='Red hollow square.svg' end local builder = mw.html.create('div') --display:inline-block; local t= string.find(label,'wikidata') -- exclude wikidata from tooltip line if t then label=string.sub(label,1,t-2) -- don't show wikidata value in tooltip if string.find(link,'wikidata') then link = '' end -- don't link on click to wikidata (if there was not another link) end builder :cssText('position:absolute;left:'..tostring(left-1-wid/2)..'px;top:'..tostring(top-1 + math.min(wid/2-12,0) - wid/2)..'px') :wikitext(string.format( '[[File:%s|%dpx|link=%s|%s]]', linkBoxName, wid+2, link, label )) return tostring(builder) end local function extractItem(row,searchItem) -- remove text following a searchItem or start of line, which might be in quote-marks to allow commas local xend,xstart=1,0 if not row then return '','' end if searchItem then xend,xstart= string.find(row or '',searchItem or 'image:') end if not xstart then return string.gsub(string.gsub(row or '',"%b\"\"", ''),"%b\'\'", '') or '','' end while row:byte(xstart+1) == 32 and xstart<#row do -- skip over any leading spaces xstart=xstart+1 end local xbyte=row:byte(xstart+1) if xbyte == 34 or xbyte == 39 then -- are they wrapped in single or double quotes xstart=xstart+1 xend=row:find(string.char(xbyte),xstart+1) else xend = row:find(',',xstart+1) -- if no quotes, we assume no commas if not xend then xend=#row+1 end end -- return residual row and extracted text return row:sub(0,xstart)..row:sub(xend), row:sub(xstart+1,xend-1) end local function itemCheck(item,ext) if not item then return nil end if not ext then ext='' end return (string.match(item,"[%.%-?%d]+") or '0')..ext end local function stripdivs(line) return string.gsub(line or '',"%b<>", ' ') end local function splitItem(item,max) -- takes a commas-sep list and returns a table of lowercase items with no spaces, or nil local r={} local x=1 item=string.lower(fillCommas(item,max)) for t in string.gmatch(item,"[^,]+") do r[x]=string.gsub(t,"%s+","") if r[x]=='' then r[x]= nil else -- residual items might have commas if x>max then r[max]=(r[max] or '')..', '..r[x] end end x=x+1 end return r end local function ParseShapeTypes (result,args,sgval) -- for use with compressed, comma-separated 'sg plus dots' parameters --[[ shape table items and default values as set at top of page shapeType="0", Name="initialSettings", Parent="0", --sga items for the shape shape="circle", shapeSize="12px", shapeColor="blue", shapeAngle="0deg", --sgb items for border outlineWidth="0.5px", outlineColor="darkblue", outlineStyle="solid", --sgc items label text textSZ="11px", textCL="white", textNG="0deg", textAT=attributes ("bold" and/or "italic") --sgd items for dotTag tagSize="11px", tagColor="darkgrey", tagSpacer="0px", tagAngle="0deg", --sge extension line textEW="1px", textEC="darkblue", textES="solid" --sgf fx for text labels textSP="0px" textLH="100%" textOL="1px", textBG="paleground", <!--| sga = shape,Size,Color,Angle|sgb= outlineWidth,color,style eg: sga1=circle,14px,blue,0deg| sgb1=0px,dark grey,solid | sgc=textSize,color,angle,bold/italic | sgd=tagSize,Color,Spacer,Angle eg: sgc1=11px,dark grey,0deg,normal| sgd1=9px,white,0px,0deg | sge=lineWidth,color,style |sgf=textspacing,lineHeight%,outlinepx,backgroundcolor, [bold,italic] eg: sge1=0px,black, solid| sgf1=0px,120%,0px,background | dot=shape-group/lat/lon/title/dotTag | dotlink=link or tooltip | dotlabel=label,position,dx,dy,param1,info| dotpic=filename--> --]] if args["sgn"..sgval] then local sgname=string.match(args["sgn"..sgval],"(%w+)(.*)") sgNames[sgname]=sgval end local parent= args["sgp"..sgval] if parent then parent=string.match(parent,"(%w+)(.*)") local pos= string.find(parent,"%d+") if pos == 1 then parent=string.match(parent,"%d+") else parent=sgNames[parent] or '1' end end if sgval~='H' then if not parent or tonumber(parent) > tonumber(sgval) then if sgval=="1" then parent="0" else parent="1" end end end local itemTab, line, filename result[sgval]={} result[sgval].shapeType=sgval line,filename=extractItem(args['sga'..sgval] or '','image:') if sgval=='1' and not args.sga1 then line='circle,12px,blue,0deg' end -- ensure there is a parent=1 sga result[sgval].shapeFile=filename or '' -- sga= Attributes for shape itemTab=splitItem(line,4) result[sgval].shape = itemTab[1] or result[parent].shape result[sgval].shapeSize=itemTab[2] or result[parent].shapeSize result[sgval].shapeColor=itemTab[3] or result[parent].shapeColor result[sgval].shapeAngle=itemCheck(itemTab[4],'deg') or result[parent].shapeAngle -- sgb= Border outline attributes for shape itemTab=splitItem(args['sgb'..sgval],3) result[sgval].outlineWidth=itemCheck(itemTab[1],'px') or result[parent].outlineWidth result[sgval].outlineColor=itemTab[2] or result[parent].outlineColor result[sgval].outlineStyle=itemTab[3] or result[parent].outlineStyle --sgc=character attributes for label itemTab=splitItem(args['sgc'..sgval],4) result[sgval].textSZ=itemCheck(itemTab[1],'px') or result[parent].textSZ -- size of text in px result[sgval].textCL=itemTab[2] or result[parent].textCL -- colour for text result[sgval].textNG=itemCheck(itemTab[3],'deg') or result[parent].textNG -- Angle for text result[sgval].textAT=itemTab[4] or result[parent].textAT -- attributes bold, and/or italic --sgd=dotTag attributes itemTab=splitItem(args['sgd'..sgval],4) result[sgval].tagSize=itemCheck(itemTab[1],'px') or result[parent].tagSize result[sgval].tagColor=itemTab[2] or result[parent].tagColor result[sgval].tagSpacer=itemCheck(itemTab[3],'px') or result[parent].tagSpacer result[sgval].tagAngle=itemCheck(itemTab[4],'deg') or result[parent].tagAngle --sge= extension line attributes itemTab=splitItem(args['sge'..sgval],4) result[sgval].textEW=itemCheck(itemTab[1],'px') or result[parent].textEW -- width result[sgval].textEC=itemTab[2] or result[parent].textEC -- colour result[sgval].textES=itemTab[3] or result[parent].textES -- style --sgf= fx for label text itemTab=splitItem(args['sgf'..sgval],4) result[sgval].textSP=itemCheck(itemTab[1],'px') or result[parent].textSP -- spacing value for letters result[sgval].textLH=itemCheck(itemTab[2],'%') or result[parent].textLH -- Angle for text result[sgval].textOL=itemCheck(itemTab[3],'px') or result[parent].textOL -- width of text-border line result[sgval].textBG=itemTab[4] or result[parent].textBG -- color for text background return result end local function round(x,dec) -- x=number [, dec=integer] returns numeric value with upto dec decimals (all but first trailing zeros get truncated) if (dec or 0)==0 then return x>=0 and math.floor(x+0.5) or math.ceil(x-0.5) --this avoids .0 where dec=0 end dec =10^(dec) return x>=0 and math.floor(x*dec+0.5)/dec or math.ceil(x*dec-0.5)/dec end local function maptogrid(t,r,test) --[[ converts mercator projection longitude and latitude coordinates to x and y pixel coordinates, within a frame of given size, centre coordinates and zoom level. t is a table of named indices: {lon, lat, lonbase, latbase, width, height, zoom} output is two values, x and y, rounded to r decimal places--]] local x,y x=t.width/2 + ( ((math.rad(t.lon)*6378137) - (math.rad(t.lonbase)* 6378137) ) / (156543.03*math.cos(t.latbase/180)/(2^t.zoom) ) )*(1-(0.075*(math.abs(t.latbase)/90))) y=t.height/2 + ( ( (math.log(math.tan(math.rad(t.latbase)/2+math.pi/4))*6378137) - (math.log(math.tan(math.rad(t.lat)/2+math.pi/4))*6378137) ) / (156543.03*math.cos(t.latbase/180) / (2^t.zoom) ) )*(1-(0.075*(math.abs(t.latbase)/90))) return round(x,r),round(y,r) --source: python code at https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Slippy_map_tilenames and https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Mercator --[[ width and height are the size, in pixels, of the map, which will be centerd around lonbase,latbase. Method: Convert lon and lonbase to meter-offsets from coord(0,0), and subtract lonbase from lon, zoom and latbase are used to scale the resulting meter-offset to pixels, and add it to width/2. Convert lat and lat-base to meter-offsets from coord(0,0), subtract lat from latbase, scale the resulting meter-offset to pixels, add it to height/2. A correction factor '*(1-(0.075*(math.abs(t.latbase)/90) ) )' compensates for an error that seems to creep in towards the edges of the map at higher latitudes. It was identified experimentally, and ensures a dot at the edge is in the same place as if that location is positioned at the centre. Original Python code for lat,lon to x,y where 0,0 is the centre of the map print('x=',width+(((math.radians(lon1) * 6378137)- (math.radians(lonbase) * 6378137))/ (156543.03*math.cos(latbase/180)/(2**zoom))),' y=',height+(( (math.log(math.tan(math.pi / 4 + math.radians(latbase) / 2)) * 6378137)- (math.log(math.tan(math.pi / 4 + math.radians(lat1) / 2)) * 6378137))/ (156543.03*math.cos(latbase/180)/(2**zoom))) ) --]] end local function getScale(zoom, lat,magVal) if magVal and magVal>1 and magVal <=2 then zoom=zoom+(magVal-1) end local dist=(156543.03 * math.cos(math.rad(math.abs(lat))) / (2 ^ zoom))/17 local y if dist < 1 then y=(round(dist*10,1)) return tostring(y*100)..metres, tostring(round(y*109,0))..yards elseif dist <18 then y=(round(dist,0)) return tostring(y)..km, tostring(round(y*0.621371,1))..miles elseif dist <500 then y=round(dist/10) return tostring(y*10)..km, tostring(round(y*6.21371,0))..miles else y=round(dist/100) return tostring(y*100)..km, tostring(round(y*62.1371,0))..miles end end local function ParseData (args,dotval) -- for use with compressed, comma-separated 'sg plus dots' parameters -- takes a structured series of comma-separated items which get parsed as the following: -- dot(n)= (sgNumber or Name),{{coord}} or (lat,lon), (dotTag) -- dotlink(n) = single-parameter text to give wikilink and/or title used by tootlip, fullscreen dots and autocaption list -- dotlabel(n) = 'label text',pos(left,roght,top,bottom,centre,auto),(dx), (dy) pixel offsets, params, info -- dotpic(n) = single parameter wikimedia filename for an image to use in photopanel and/or fullscreen dots -- dotfeature(n)= 'mark-line' (,linewidth,style,gap) or 'photo-panel' (,image-dim,panel-width,panel-height), draws line to n-1 -- label is used if either a position and/or an x,y offset are not 0,0 ( if no label then dotTag will be put at at the x,y offset, or over the dot -- label text can be autoaligned if x,y puts it left or right of the dot, or centered if above/below) -- quote marks are not needed unless including commas within the label text -- param1 is optional items separated by spaces, and can include [nolabel nolist nomap hemisphere+1 hemisphere-1] -- info is free wikitext, to be used in the fullscreen dot box. (use dotpic to show a picture) --<!--| dotx=shape-group,[lat,lon or {{coord}} ], dotTag | dotlink=link or tooltip | dotlabel=label,position,dx,dy,param1,info| dotpic=filename--> local result={} local count=1 local row = convertCoords (args["dot"..dotval]) -- swap in any {{coord}} values so they are csv lat and lon row=fillCommas(row,4) result.code=dotval -- store the parameter name as the id code for item in string.gmatch(row,"[^,]+") do -- iterate through 'row', adding each csv item in turn, if present if count==1 then --see if it is a number or a name local pos= string.find(item,"%d+") if pos == 1 then result.group=string.lower(string.gsub(item,"%s+","")) else item=string.match(item,"(%w+)(.*)") -- ensure just a single word result.group=sgNames[item] end elseif count==2 then result.lat=tonumber(string.match(item,"[%.%-?%d]+")) or 0-- find the number, with no non-numeric stuff elseif count==3 then result.lon=tonumber(string.match(item,"[%.%-?%d]+")) or 0 elseif count==4 then result.dotTag=item:match( "^%s*(.-)%s*$" ) or "" -- dotTag allows for internal spaces, but no commas end count=count+1 end row, result.labelText= extractItem(args["dotlabel"..dotval]) result.labelText= string.gsub(result.labelText,"[%^]+","<br>") -- convert hats to line breaks local item=splitItem(row,6) result.labelPos=item[2] or 'center' result.dx=tonumber(string.match(item[3] or '0',"[%.%-?%d]+")) or 0 result.dy=tonumber(string.match(item[4] or '0',"[%.%-?%d]+")) or 0 result.param1=string.lower(item[5] or '') if string.find(result.param1,"hemisphere-1",1,true) then result.lon=result.lon-360 elseif string.find(result.param1,"hemisphere+1",1,true) then result.lon=result.lon+360 end local txt = '' if item[6] then -- ensure all info elements are included, including commas count=1 local max=6 for t1 in string.gmatch(fillCommas(row,max),"[^,]+") do if count>max then txt=txt..',' end if count>=max then txt=txt..t1 end count=count+1 end end result.info=txt result.imageName = args['dotpic'..dotval] -- Get first wikilinked item (if any) from the args.dotlink and set this plus the delinked text local testx=args["dotlink"..dotval] or '' result.dotLink=testx if testx ~= '' then testx=stripdivs(testx) result.title=delink({ testx }) local linkstart= string.find(testx,'[[',1,true) -- use true to ensure a plain search (no pattern) if linkstart then result.dlink=delink( { string.sub(testx,linkstart,string.find(testx,']]',1,true)+1),wikilinks='target' } ) else result.dlink='' end else result.dlink='' result.title='' end if args['dotfeature'..dotval] then local item=splitItem(args['dotfeature'..dotval],6) if (item[1] or '') =='photo-panel' then result.ppwidth= tonumber(string.match((item[3] or '110'),"%d+")) -- panel width result.ppheight= tonumber(string.match((item[4] or '48'),"%d+") ) --panel height result.photowidth=round(tonumber(string.match((item[2] or '1.3'),"[%.%-?%d]+")) * result.ppheight+1,0) -- dimension to set image size result.photoImage=result.imageName result.posType='photo-panel' elseif (item[1] or '') == 'mark-line' then local x=tonumber(dotval or '0') result.markDest=item[5] or tostring(x-1) result.mlWidth= tonumber(string.match((item[2]) or '',"%d+") or '1') result.mlStyle= item[3] or 'solid' result.mlGap=tonumber(string.match((item[4] or ''),"[%d]+") or '0') result.posType='mark-line' end --debugmsg('photo-panel, '..shapePos[2]..', 3='..shapePos[3]..', 4='..shapePos[4]..', 5='..(shapePos[5] or '(48')..'photowidth='..tostring(dotItem.photowidth)) end maplist.lon=result.lon maplist.lat=result.lat result.gridx, result.gridy = maptogrid(maplist,1) -- convert geo coords to grid xy - using values from maplist table return result end local function multiCheck (args, argName, argVal, defVal, alt) if not alt then alt='nonexistant' end if argVal=='H' and not args[argName..'H'] then argVal=highlightNum or '1' end if argVal=='' then return (args[argName] or args[alt] or (args[argName..'D']) or args[alt..'D'] or defVal) -- unnumbered args do not inherit from D or 1 else return (args[argName..argVal]) or (args[alt..argVal]) or (args[argName..'D']) or (args[alt..'D']) or (args[argName..'1']) or (args[alt..'1']) or defVal end end local function htmlTableLine (htmlTable,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,type) if type == 'header' then if (h4 or '') ~= 'no-year' then h4='<th class="unsortable">'..h4 or ''..'</th>' else h4 = '' end if (h5 or '') ~= '' then h5='<th class="unsortable">'..h5..'</th>' else h5 = '' end return htmlTable..'<tr><th>'..(h1 or '')..'</th><th>'..(h2 or '')..'</th><th>'..(h3 or '')..'</th>'..h4..h5..'</tr>' else if (h4 or '') ~= 'no-year' then h4='<td>'..h4 or ''..'</td>' else h4 = '' end if (h5 or '') ~= '' then h5='<td>'..h5..'</td>' else h5 = '' end return htmlTable..'<tr><td>'..(h1 or '')..'</td><td>'..(h2 or '')..'</td><td>'..(h3 or '')..'</td>'..h4..h5..'</tr>' end end local function formatInt(number) if number == 0 then return notFound end local i, j, minus, int, fraction = tostring(number):find('([-]?)(%d+)([.]?%d*)') int = int:reverse():gsub("(%d%d%d)", "%1,") return minus .. int:reverse():gsub("^,", "") .. fraction end local function convertToSqKm (value,punit) if string.find(punit, 'Q35852') then value = value / 100 -- convert to sq km if it's hectares elseif string.find(punit, 'Q232291') then value = value /(1/2.59) -- or this if it's square miles elseif string.find(punit, 'Q81292') then value = value / 247.1 -- or this if it's acres end return value end local function assignTradstyleShape(shapeResult,default,dotResult,args,nval) local item,itemTab local autoDotTag='' local shapeWidth,shapeHeight=0,0 local argval=nval -- to catch the unnumbered shape series local qvalue='' if argval=='0' then argval='' end if nval=='H' then shapeResult.H={} end -- Assign autovalues if a wikidata Qvalue has been supplied -- some preliminary documentation -- geo-data-type= default is P1082 (population) -- other options might include number of households (P1538) and per capita income (P10622) or land area (P2046) -- geo-data-list= this is a comma-separated list of Q values, for a manually generated list that doesn't require nymbered parameters -- geo-scalefactor = can enlarge or shrink all the dots in proportion, depending an what the map needs -- geo-region = needs to be a Qvalue of the larger administrative region that the settlements/sub-regions are in -- geo-sub-region needs to be a Pvalue, but will default to P150 (some pages use 'has parts' = P527) -- geo-data3= etc numbered Qvalue item, if used in conjunction with other shape/label parameters -- shapeD= sets default shape, which migh be n-circle to include numbers. -- geo-number-size= will give a fixed size for shape numbers. (defaults to 12 when using proportional dots) -- geo-boundaries= if set to 1 will add any Qvalues for the sub-regions to 'map-data-light'. -- show-geo-dots= to use proportional dots. Will be fixed size if 0. (set mark-sizeD=0 to have no dot at all, eg to show labels or boundaries) -- find-geo-dots=1 or 0 (needs to also include geo-region) -- label-posD = gets additional options: [off] gives no label, [on] will position lower centre, -- [on+] includes numeric values beside/below label, [on^] will always put it below. [on-] always puts values beside if args['geo-data'..argval] then -- and (args['mark-title'..argval] or '') ~= 'none' then local pvalue = args['geo-data-type'] or 'P1082' local plabel = mw.wikibase.getLabel(pvalue) if not args['geo-number-size'] then args['geo-number-size']=12 end if not args['label-posD'] then args['label-posD'] = 'on' end qvalue=args['geo-data'..argval] -- total poulation is a Qvalue wikidata page entry, or add up all the geo-data values or use a random 10000 local region = args['geo-region'] -- or mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() local thisPop=0 local areatxt='' local yearVal='' if mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qvalue,pvalue)[1] then thisPop=tonumber(mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qvalue,pvalue)[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value.amount) or 0 if pvalue == 'P2046' then -- area, so convert from ha to sq km if needed (/100) thisPop = convertToSqKm(thisPop, mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qvalue,pvalue)[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value.unit) end if mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qvalue,pvalue)[1].qualifiers and mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qvalue,pvalue)[1].qualifiers.P585 then yearVal = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qvalue,pvalue)[1].qualifiers.P585[1].datavalue.value.time if yearVal then yearVal = yearVal:sub(2,5) end -- wikidata reports an entire date and time, so extract the year end else debugmsg(mw.addWarning(mw.wikibase.getLabel(qvalue)..' ('..qvalue..') has no recorded '..plabel)) end local scalefactor=args['geo-scalefactor'] or 1 if argval=='1' and args['mark-size1'] and not args['mark-sizeD'] then args['mark-sizeD'] = args['mark-size1'] end if argval=='1' and args['label-pos1'] and not args['label-posD'] then args['label-posD'] = args['label-pos1'] end if not args['mark-size'..argval] then if args['show-geo-dots'] == '0' then args['mark-size'..argval] = args['mark-sizeD'] or '1' -- just use a 'point' for the label to attach to else if thisPop>0 then args['mark-size'..argval] = round(math.sqrt(thisPop/geoTotalPop*100) * 8 * scalefactor,0) else args['mark-size'..argval] = args['mark-sizeD'] or '1' args['shape-outline'..argval]=args['shape-outline'..argval] or args['shape-outlineH'] end end end local posTemp=string.lower(multiCheck(args,'label-pos',argval,'on')) args['label-pos'..argval] = posTemp posTemp=splitItem(posTemp,2)[1] if pvalue == 'P2046' then thisPop = round(thisPop,2) areatxt=sqkm..areatxt -- round decimals if sq km area elseif pvalue == 'P10622' then if mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qvalue,pvalue)[1] then local punit=(mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qvalue,pvalue)[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value.unit or ''):match("Q.*") -- extract Q value if punit == 'Q4917' then areatxt=' US$' elseif punit == 'Q4916' then areatxt=' euro' elseif punit == 'Q25224' then areatxt=' £GBP' else areatxt=mw.wikibase.getLabel(punit)..areatxt end end end if posTemp=='off' then else if not args['label'..argval] then args['label'..argval] = mw.wikibase.getLabel(qvalue) end local tline=posTemp:find("[%+%^%-]") if tline then local tval=posTemp:sub(tline,tline) local eline posTemp=posTemp:sub(1,tline-1) if posTemp == 'left' or posTemp == 'right' or string.find(posTemp,'east') or string.find(posTemp,'west') then if tval == '^' then eline = '^' else eline = ' ' end -- only add line break if 'forced', used for left/right elseif tval == '+' or tval == '^' then eline = '^' -- add linebreak unless 'forced' not to else eline = ' ' -- must be a dash, so no line break end args['label'..argval] = args['label'..argval]..eline..'('..formatInt(thisPop)..')' args['label-pos'..argval] = posTemp..args['label-pos'..argval]:sub(tline+1,#args['label-pos'..argval]) end end if posTemp=='on' then if argval=='1' and (not args.ldyD) then args.ldyD = args['ldy'..argval] or '0' end if not args['ldy'..argval] then args['ldy'..argval] = args.ldyD end -- ensure ldy for that dot is added to the position args['label-pos'..argval]='center' local _,br = string.gsub(args['label'..argval],'%^','') local item=splitItem(args['label-size'..argval],2) args['ldy'..argval] = (args['ldy'..argval] or 0) + ((item[1] or 11) * ((br+1)*0.6)) + ((args['geo-number-size'] or 12) / 2) end local nt='' if args['mark-title'..argval] == 'nolist' then nt='nolist,' end if not args['mark-title'..argval] or args['mark-title'..argval] == '' or args['mark-title'..argval] == 'nolist' then if mw.wikibase.getSitelink(qvalue) then args['mark-title'..argval] = nt..'[['..mw.wikibase.getSitelink(qvalue)..']]' else args['mark-title'..argval] = nt..mw.wikibase.getLabel(qvalue) end end -- If mark-title is not set locally then attempt Sitelink value, or use label if thisPop == 0 then areatxt='' end captionTableText[argval]={} captionTableText[argval][1]= args['mark-title'..argval] captionTableText[argval][2]= formatInt(thisPop) if maplist.width >= 280 then captionTableText[argval][3]= yearVal else captionTableText[argval][3]='no-year' end if args['show-q-values'] == '1' then captionTableText[argval][4]='<small>[[wikidata:'..qvalue..'|'..qvalue..']]</small>' else local nbsp = '&nbsp;' if maplist.width < 230 then nbsp = ' ' end captionTableText[argval][4]='' if captionTableText[argval][3] == 'no-year' then captionTableText[argval][2] = captionTableText[argval][2]..'<small>^{'..nbsp..'[[wikidata:'..qvalue..'|WD]]}</small>' else captionTableText[argval][3] = captionTableText[argval][3]..'<small>^{'..nbsp..'[[wikidata:'..qvalue..'|WD]]}</small>' end end if args['mark-title'..argval] == 'none' then -- no title else args['mark-title'..argval] = args['mark-title'..argval]..' ('..plabel..' '..formatInt(thisPop)..areatxt..')' end if not args['mark-description'..argval] then args['mark-description'..argval] = (mw.wikibase.getDescription(qvalue) or '')..'<br>' end if (not args['mark-image'..argval]) and (mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qvalue,'P18')[1]) then args['mark-image'..argval] = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qvalue,'P18')[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value end item = multiCheck(args,'shape',argval,'circle') --default to circle if geo-data if not string.find(item,'svgpath,') then item=string.lower(item) end -- ensure svgpath items retain original case values else item = multiCheck(args,'shape',argval,'image') if not string.find(item,'svgpath,') then item=string.lower(item) end -- ensure svgpath items retain original case values end if string.find(item,'n-',0,true)==1 or string.find(item,'l-',0,true)==1 then autoDotTag=string.sub(item,0,1) item=string.sub(item,3) end if item == 'image' then shapeResult[nval].shape = 'image:' shapeResult[nval].shapeFile =multiCheck(args,'mark',argval,'Red pog.svg') shapeWidth=-1 else shapeResult[nval].shape = item end item= multiCheck(args,'mark-size',argval,(shapeResult[nval].shapeSize or '14px')) -- add geo-data as fallback if already assigned local a,b,c= getsize(string.gsub(string.gsub(item,',','px')..'px','pxpx','px')) if b==a and args['mark-dim'..argval] then b= b / tonumber(string.match(args['mark-dim'..argval],"[%.%-?%d]+")) end shapeHeight=b/2 item=tostring(a)..'px'..tostring(b)..'px'..tostring(c)..'px' shapeResult[nval].shapeSize= item itemTab=splitItem(multiCheck(args,'shape-color',argval,'hard red'),2) shapeResult[nval].shapeColor=itemTab[1] or 'hardred' item=itemCheck(itemTab[2],'%') -- jump through the various opacity hoops and add to color if needed if not item then item=itemCheck(args['shape-opacity'..argval],'%') end if item and item~='0%' and item~='100%' then shapeResult[nval].shapeColor=shapeResult[nval].shapeColor..item end shapeResult[nval].shapeAngle=itemCheck(multiCheck(args,'shape-angle',argval,'0'),'deg') or '0deg' if args['shape-angle'..argval] then shapeResult[nval].shapeAngleArg=true else shapeResult[nval].shapeAngleArg=false end --sort out the outline entry itemTab=splitItem(multiCheck(args,'shape-outline',argval,'transparent,0,100,solid'),4) shapeResult[nval].outlineColor=itemTab[1] or 'dark grey' shapeResult[nval].outlineWidth=itemCheck(itemTab[2],'px') or '1px' if itemTab[3] and itemTab[3]~='100' and itemTab[3]~='0' then shapeResult[nval].outlineColor=shapeResult[nval].outlineColor..itemCheck(itemTab[3],'%') end shapeResult[nval].outlineStyle=itemTab[4] or 'solid' -- label size, background, outline shapeResult[nval].textAT=args['label-attribute'..argval] or '' itemTab=splitItem( multiCheck(args,'label-size',argval,'12'),3) shapeResult[nval].textSZ=itemCheck(itemTab[1],'px') or '12px' if itemTab[2]=='outline' then shapeResult[nval].textBG=itemTab[3] or 'transparent' shapeResult[nval].textOL='1px' elseif itemTab[3]=='outline' then shapeResult[nval].textBG=itemTab[2] or 'transparent' shapeResult[nval].textOL='1px' else shapeResult[nval].textOL='0px' shapeResult[nval].textBG=itemTab[2] or 'transparent' end if getColor(shapeResult[nval].textBG)==CTB['hardgrey'] and shapeResult[nval].textBG~='hardgrey' then shapeResult[nval].textBG= 'transparent' end --label color etc itemTab=splitItem(multiCheck(args,'label-color',argval, 'darkgrey','label-colour'),2) shapeResult[nval].textCL=itemTab[1] or 'darkgrey' if itemTab[2] and itemTab[2]~='0%' and itemTab[2]~='100%' then shapeResult[nval].textCL=shapeResult[nval].textCL..itemTab[2] end shapeResult[nval].textSP=itemCheck( multiCheck(args,'label-spacing',argval,'0'),'px') -- sets letter-spacing in px shapeResult[nval].textLH=itemCheck( multiCheck(args,'label-height',argval,'120'),'%') -- sets line height, 120% default shapeResult[nval].textNG=itemCheck(multiCheck(args,'label-angle',argval,'0'),'deg') if args['label-angle'..argval] then shapeResult[nval].textNGarg=true else shapeResult[nval].textNGarg=false end --sgd=dotTag attributes shapeResult[nval].tagSize=(args['geo-number-size'] or tostring(shapeHeight*1.5))..'px' local c1,c2=checkColors(shapeResult[nval].shapeColor) shapeResult[nval].tagColor=c2 shapeResult[nval].tagSpacer='0px' shapeResult[nval].tagAngle='0deg' -- sge extension line attributes local shapePos=splitItem(multiCheck(args,'label-pos',argval,'right'),6) if shapePos[2]=='with-line' or shapePos[2]=='n-line' then shapeResult[nval].textEW=(shapePos[3] or '1')..'px' -- width shapeResult[nval].textEC=(shapePos[4] or shapeResult[nval].shapeColor or 'darkgrey') elseif shapePos[2]=='photo-panel' then shapeResult[nval].textEW='2px' -- width shapeResult[nval].textEC=shapeResult[nval].textCL else shapeResult[nval].textEW='0px' -- width shapeResult[nval].textEC='grey'-- colour end shapeResult[nval].textES='solid' if argval=='H' then return dotResult end --Assign dot values local dotItem={} dotItem.group=nval dotItem.code=nval dotItem.posType=shapePos[2] or 'nil' if (shapePos[2] or '') =='photo-panel' then dotItem.ppwidth= tonumber(string.match((shapePos[4] or '110'),"%d+")) dotItem.ppheight= tonumber(string.match((shapePos[5] or '48'),"%d+") ) dotItem.photowidth=round(tonumber(string.match((shapePos[3] or '1.3'),"[%.%-?%d]+")) * dotItem.ppheight+1,0) dotItem.photoImage=args['mark-image'..argval] --debugmsg('photo-panel, '..shapePos[2]..', 3='..shapePos[3]..', 4='..shapePos[4]..', 5='..(shapePos[5] or '(48')..'photowidth='..tostring(dotItem.photowidth)) end if (shapePos[2] or '') =='mark-line' then local x=tonumber(argval or '1') dotItem.markDest=shapePos[6] or tostring(x-1) dotItem.mlWidth= tonumber(string.match((shapePos[3] or '1'),"%d+")) dotItem.mlStyle= shapePos[4] or 'solid' dotItem.mlGap=tonumber(string.match((shapePos[5] or '0'),"[%d]+")) shapeResult[nval].textEC=shapeResult[nval].outlineColor or 'darkgrey' end if args['mark-coord'..argval] then itemTab=splitItem(convertCoordsTrad (args['mark-coord'..argval]),2) if itemTab[1] == nil or itemTab[2] == nil then debugmsg(mw.addWarning('Unable to read coordinates for mark-coord'..argval)) else dotItem.lat=tonumber(string.match(itemTab[1],"[%.%-?%d]+")) or 0 dotItem.lon=tonumber(string.match(itemTab[2],"[%.%-?%d]+")) or 0 end else dotItem.lat=tonumber(string.match(args['mark-lat'..argval],"[%.%-?%d]+")) or 0 dotItem.lon=tonumber(string.match(args['mark-lon'..argval],"[%.%-?%d]+")) or 0 end if args['dateline'..argval] and (args['dateline'..argval]=='1' or args['dateline'..argval]=='-1') then dotItem.lon=dotItem.lon+(tonumber(args['dateline'..argval] ) *360) end maplist.lon=dotItem.lon maplist.lat=dotItem.lat dotItem.gridx, dotItem.gridy = maptogrid(maplist,1) local item=args['mark-title'..argval] or '' -- sort out the caption, wikilink and plaintext tooltip items from dotLink if item=='none' then dotItem.param1='nomap nolist' item='' end if string.find(item,'nolist') then dotItem.param1='nolist,' item = string.sub(args['mark-title'..argval],8) or args['label'..argval] end dotItem.dotLink=item if item ~= '' then item=stripdivs(item) dotItem.title=delink({item}) local linkstart= string.find(item,'[[',1,true) -- use true to ensure a plain search (no pattern) if linkstart then dotItem.dlink=delink({string.sub(item,linkstart,string.find(item,']]',1,true)+1),wikilinks='target'}) -- debugmsg('dlink for '..item..' is '..dotItem.dlink) else dotItem.dlink='' end else dotItem.dlink='' dotItem.title='' end if autoDotTag=='n' then item=nval elseif autoDotTag=='l' then item=string.char(64+tonumber(nval)) else item='' end dotItem.dotTag = args['numbered'..argval] or item if shapePos[2]=='n-line' and (args['label'..argval] or args['label'..argval]=='') then if dotItem.dlink =='' then item=dotItem.dotTag..' '..args['label'..argval] else item='[['..dotItem.dlink..'|'..dotItem.dotTag..']] '..args['label'..argval] end else item=(args['label'..argval] or '') end if args['labela'..argval] then item = item..'^'..args['labela'..argval] end if args['labelb'..argval] then item = item..'^'..args['labelb'..argval] end local a='' for c in item:gmatch('.') do a=a..(c:gsub('%^','<br>') or c) end dotItem.labelText = a -- convert hats to line breaks if argval=='' then item = (args['label-offset-x']) or (args.ldx) or '0' else item=args['label-offset-x'..argval] or args['ldx'..argval] or args['label-offset-xD'] or args.ldxD or args['label-offset-x1'] or args.ldx1 or '0' end dotItem.dx=tonumber(string.match(item,"[%.%-?%d]+")) if argval=='' then item = (args['label-offset-y']) or (args.ldy) or '0' else item=args['label-offset-y'..argval] or args['ldy'..argval] or args['label-offset-yD'] or args.ldyD or args['label-offset-y1'] or args.ldy1 or '0' end dotItem.dy=tonumber(string.match(item,"[%.%-?%d]+")) dotItem.labelPos=shapePos[1] if args['mark-image'..argval] then dotItem.imageName= args['mark-image'..argval] end dotItem.info=args['mark-description'..argval] or '' table.insert(dotResult,1,dotItem) -- add to start of list, so they are in reverese order for displaying -- debugmsg(dotItem.code..' = '..dotItem.lat..','..dotItem.lon..': '..dotItem.labelText..' - '..dotItem.title..', '..shapeResult[nval].shapeSize) return dotResult end local function tradstyleParseShapes(args,dotTable,dotmax) local sgNumbers,sgSortable={},{} for argindex=1,dotmax do -- build a list of all the numbered coords or lat,lons that have been used local x=tostring(argindex) if args['geo-data'..x] and (not args['mark-coord'..x]) and (not args['mark-lat'..x]) then -- get lat and lon values from wikidata and put them into the args.lat and args.lon for use wherever needed if (mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(args['geo-data'..x],'P625')[1]) then args['mark-lat'..x] = (mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(args['geo-data'..x],'P625')[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value.latitude) or '0' args['mark-lon'..x] = (mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(args['geo-data'..x],'P625')[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value.longitude) or '0' local p=args['geo-data-type'] or 'P1082' if mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(args['geo-data'..x],p)[1] then local n = tonumber(mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(args['geo-data'..x],p)[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value.amount) or 0 if p == 'P2046' then -- area, so convert to sq km if needed (/100) n = convertToSqKm( n, mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(args['geo-data'..x],p)[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value.unit) end geoTotalPop = geoTotalPop + n end else debugmsg(mw.addWarning('could not find coords for '..mw.wikibase.getLabel(args['geo-data'..x])..', '..args['geo-data'..x])) end end if args['mark-coord'..x] or (args['mark-lat'..x] and args['mark-lon'..x]) then sgNumbers[x]=x -- add it to the list end end for indx,sgnum in pairs(sgNumbers) do table.insert(sgSortable,sgnum) end table.sort(sgSortable,lessthan) -- put the list in a sortable form (needs a second table, seemingly) if args['mark-coord'] or (args['mark-lat'] and args['mark-lon']) then table.insert(sgSortable,'0') end -- add it to the end of the list local default={} default.D={} local dotResult={} for k,sgnum in pairs(sgSortable) do -- work through the sorted list, parsing each set of shapes in turn, from 1 upwards shapeList[sgnum]={} dotTable=assignTradstyleShape(shapeList,default,dotTable,args,sgnum) end dotTable=assignTradstyleShape(shapeList,default,dotTable,args,'H') -- construct an extra highlight shapeitem local unitConvert=1 local areaUnits='' if args['geo-region'] and (args['find-geo-dots'] or '1') ~= '0' then local region = args['geo-region'] -- or mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() local pvalue = args['geo-data-type'] or 'P1082' local plabel = mw.wikibase.getLabel(pvalue) local subhead='' -- Assemble the subhead content, a line of text about the region as a whole if region and mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(region,pvalue)[1] then local punit=mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(region,pvalue)[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value.unit:match("Q.*") -- extract Q value if pvalue == 'P10622' then -- add other currency-based pvalues here areaUnits=mw.wikibase.getLabel(punit) end if punit == 'Q35852' then unitConvert=100 areaUnits = ' '..sqkm -- if its hectares, convert to sq km elseif punit == 'Q232291' then unitConvert = (1/2.59) areaUnits = ' '..sqkm -- or this if it's square miles elseif punit == 'Q81292' then unitConvert = 247.1 areaUnits = ' '..sqkm -- or this if it's acres elseif punit == 'Q712226' then unitConvert = 1 areaUnits = ' '..sqkm -- or this if it's already sq km elseif punit == 'Q4917' then areaUnits=' US$' -- replace long version with some shortform currencies () elseif punit == 'Q4916' then areaUnits=' euro' elseif punit == 'Q25224' then areaUnits=' £GBP' end -- if pvalue == 'P2046' then -- may need to add other instances of sq km so add in other P-items here if they need units showing -- end geoTotalPop=(mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(region,pvalue)[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value.amount) / unitConvert local yearVal if mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(region,pvalue)[1].qualifiers then yearVal = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(region,pvalue)[1].qualifiers.P585[1].datavalue.value.time if yearVal and yearVal:sub(1,1) == '+' then yearVal = yearVal:sub(2,5) if mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(region,pvalue)[1].qualifiers.P459 and mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(region,pvalue)[1].qualifiers.P459[1] then local methodVal = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(region,pvalue)[1].qualifiers.P459[1].datavalue.value.id if methodVal then yearVal=yearVal..' '..mw.wikibase.getLabel(methodVal) end end yearVal = ' ('..yearVal..')' else yearVal ='' end end subhead=totalItems..' '..mw.wikibase.getLabel(region)..' '..plabel..' ([[wikidata:'..region..']]) = '..formatInt(round(geoTotalPop),1)..areaUnits..yearVal else if pvalue == 'P2046' then areaUnits = sqkm end subhead=totalItems..' '..mw.wikibase.getLabel(region)..' '..plabel..' ('..sumOfDatapoints..') = '..formatInt(round(geoTotalPop),1)..areaUnits end if maplist.width < 350 and #plabel > 4 then plabel=string.sub((plabel or ' '),1,3)..'.' end if maplist.width < 330 then numberCol = ' ' end if maplist.width < 280 then year = 'no-year' end captionTable = subhead if (args['show-q-values'] or '') ~= '1' then captionTable = captionTable..'<div style="float:right;"><small> (WD&nbsp;=&nbsp;'..wikidataLink..')</small></div><br>' wikidataLink='' end captionTable = captionTable..'<table class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 100%;"><caption>'..(args.toggletext or toggletext)..' </caption>' captionTable = htmlTableLine(captionTable,numberCol,mw.wikibase.getLabel(region),plabel..' '..areaUnits, year, wikidataLink,'header') end return dotTable end local function checkfortooltip (title,dx,dy,dotlabel,dlink,nolabel) -- returns tlink if available, and dlink, if needed and tshape=true if shape needed local tshape,tlink = false,"" if dlink~='' and not nolabel then tlink=dlink end if (tlink=="" or nolabel) and title~="" then tshape=true end -- tshape flags True if title is wanted for shape if (not (dx==0 or dy==0) or dotlabel=='') and title~='' then tshape=true end -- add tooltip to shape if its number has moved return tshape,tlink end local function tshift(angle) -- adjustment to place text near the centre of a triangle, shifted to allow rotation of triangle shape local x=tonumber(string.match(angle,"%-?%d+")) if x<0 then x=360+x end -- set to a single degree direction, 0 to 360 if x>359 then return 0,0 end -- shift the centre of the triangle based on rotation value if x <=40 or x>=320 then return -0.17,0 -- triangle up= -shiftv elseif x>=140 and x<=220 then return 0.17,0 --triangle down= +shiftv elseif x >220 then return 0,-0.17 --triangle left= -shifth elseif x >40 then return 0,0.22 --triangle right= +shifth end return 0,0 end local function makeTriangle(result,row,shape,outline,tlink) local w,h,r=getsize(shape.shapeSize) if outline then local p=tonumber(string.match(shape.outlineWidth,"[%.%d]+")) w=w+p*2 h=h+p*2 end table.insert(result,'<div ') if tlink then table.insert(result,' title="'..row.title..'" ') end table.insert(result,'style="display:inline-block; position: absolute') if shape.shapeAngle ~= '0deg' then table.insert(result,'; transform: rotate('..shape.shapeAngle..')') end local shiftv,shifth=0,0 shiftv,shifth=tshift(shape.shapeAngle) table.insert(result,'; top: '..tostring(row.gridy-h/2+h*shiftv)..'px') table.insert(result,'; left: '..tostring(row.gridx-w/2+w*shifth)..'px; width: 0; height: 0; outline-width: 0px') table.insert(result,'; border-left: '..tostring(w/2)..'px solid transparent') table.insert(result,'; border-right: '..tostring(w/2)..'px solid transparent') if outline then -- fill with outline colour, to make a 'base layer' or shape colour table.insert(result,'; border-bottom: '..tostring(h)..'px solid '..getColor(shape.outlineColor).. '">') else table.insert(result,'; border-bottom: '..tostring(h)..'px solid '..getColor(shape.shapeColor).. '">') end table.insert(result,'</div>') end local function makeSquare(result,row,shape,tshape) local w,h,r=getsize(shape.shapeSize) if shape.shape=='square' then h=w end -- squares are always square!. box can stretch local div=mw.html.create ('div') if tshape then -- Add tooltip if needed div:attr('title',row.title) end div:css('position', "absolute") if shape.outlineWidth ~= "0px" then div:css('outline', shape.outlineWidth.." "..shape.outlineStyle.." "..getColor(shape.outlineColor)) end if shape.shapeAngle ~= "0deg" then div:css('transform',"rotate("..shape.shapeAngle..")") end if r~=0 then div:css('border-radius',tostring(r).."px") end if shape.shape=='panel' then div:css('top', tostring(row.gridy).."px") div:css('left', tostring(row.gridx).."px") else div:css('top', tostring(row.gridy-h/2).."px") div:css('left', tostring(row.gridx-w/2).."px") end div:css('width', tostring(w).."px") div:css('height', tostring(h).."px") div:css('background-color', getColor(shape.shapeColor) ) div:css('color', 'inherit') table.insert(result,tostring(div)) end local function makeCircle(result,row,shape,tshape) local w,h,r=getsize(shape.shapeSize) -- = width,height,rounding if shape.shape=='circle' then h=w end -- circles are always round. ellipse can stretch local div=mw.html.create ('div') if tshape then -- Add tooltip if needed div:attr('title',row.title) end div:css('position', "absolute") if shape.outlineWidth ~= "0px" then div:css('outline', shape.outlineWidth.." "..shape.outlineStyle.." "..getColor(shape.outlineColor)) end if shape.shapeAngle ~= "0deg" then div:css('transform',"rotate("..shape.shapeAngle..")") end div :css('top', tostring(row.gridy-h/2).."px") :css('left', tostring(row.gridx-w/2).."px") :css('width', tostring(w).."px") :css('height', tostring(h).."px") :css('border-radius', "50%") :css('background-color', getColor(shape.shapeColor) ) :css('color', 'inherit') table.insert(result,tostring(div)) end local function makeRuleA(result,row,shape) local w,h,r=getsize(shape.shapeSize) -- = width,height,rounding local oWid=tonumber(string.match(shape.outlineWidth,"[%.%d]+")) local lineV=0 if shape.shape=='rulea' then lineV=oWid*3+16 end table.insert(result,"<div style=\"display:inline-block; position: absolute") -- create a square transparent container, which will rotate line and arrow together table.insert(result,"; top:"..tostring(row.gridy - w/2).."px") table.insert(result,"; left:"..tostring(row.gridx - w/2).."px") table.insert(result,"; width:"..tostring(w).."px") table.insert(result,"; height:"..tostring(w).."px; background:transparent; color:inherit;") table.insert(result,"; transform: rotate( "..tostring(tonumber(string.match(shape.shapeAngle,"[%.%-?%d]+")) - 90).."deg);\">" ) table.insert(result,"<div style=\"display:inline-block; position: absolute") -- put the line (as a border-right) across the container table.insert(result,"; top:"..tostring(lineV).."px") table.insert(result,"; left:"..tostring((w - oWid )/2).."px; width: 0px") table.insert(result,"; height: "..tostring(w -lineV).."px") table.insert(result,"; border-right: "..shape.outlineWidth.." "..shape.outlineStyle.." "..getColor(shape.outlineColor)) table.insert(result,"; background:transparent; color:inherit;\"></div>") if shape.shape=='rulea' then table.insert(result,"<div style=\"display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 0px") --and add arrow head table.insert(result,"; left:"..tostring(w/2-( oWid/2)-oWid*0.55-2).."px; width: 0; height: 0; outline-width: 0px") table.insert(result,"; border-left: "..tostring(oWid*1.1+2).."px solid transparent") table.insert(result,"; border-right: "..tostring(oWid*1.1+2).."px solid transparent") table.insert(result,"; border-bottom: "..tostring(oWid*3+16).."px solid "..getColor(shape.outlineColor).."\"></div>") end table.insert(result,"</div>") end local function makeCurveA(result,row,shape) -- draw a curve with Arrow ----- local w,h=getsize(shape.shapeSize) -- = width,height local oWid=tonumber(string.match(shape.outlineWidth,"[%.%d]+")) local Angle=tonumber(string.match(shape.shapeAngle,"[%.%d]+")) table.insert(result,'<div style="position: absolute;') --set up out div, which will allow the whole to rotate table.insert(result,'top:'..tostring(row.gridy - (w + oWid*3+16)/2)..'px;') table.insert(result,'left:'..tostring(row.gridx - ( w + oWid*3+16)/2)..'px; ') table.insert(result,'width: '..tostring(w+oWid*3+16)..'px; ') table.insert(result,'height: '..tostring(w+oWid*3+16)..'px; ') if shape.shape=='curvea' then table.insert(result,'transform: rotate( '..tostring(Angle-120)..'deg);">') else table.insert(result,'transform: rotate( '..tostring(Angle -62)..'deg);">') end table.insert(result,'<div style="position: absolute;') --set up div for the rounded corner of a rectangle table.insert(result,'border-left: '..shape.outlineWidth..' '..shape.outlineStyle..' '..getColor(shape.outlineColor)..';') if shape.shape=='curvea' then table.insert(result,'border-radius: 10000px 0 0 '..tostring(w)..'px; top:0px; left:'..tostring(w*0.25)..'px;') else table.insert(result,'border-radius: '..tostring(w)..'px 0 0 10000px;') table.insert(result,'top:'..tostring((oWid*3+16)/2+w*0.15)..'px; left:'..tostring(w*0.25)..'px;') end -- and add a triangular arrow head table.insert(result,'width: '..tostring(w)..'px; height: '..tostring(w)..'px;"></div><div style="position: absolute; ') if shape.shape=='curvea' then table.insert(result,'transform: rotate(180deg); top:'..tostring(w-1)..'px; ') else table.insert(result,'transform: rotate(0deg); top: '..tostring(0-( ( oWid*3+16)/2)+1+( w*0.15) )..'px;') end -- reverse table.insert(result,'left:'..tostring(0-( oWid*0.6)-2+(w*0.25))..'px;') table.insert(result,'width: 0; height: 0; outline-width: 0px; border-left: '..tostring(oWid*1.1+2)..'px solid transparent;') table.insert(result,'border-right: '..tostring(oWid*1.1+2)..'px solid transparent;') table.insert(result,'border-bottom: '..tostring(oWid*3+16)..'px solid '..getColor(shape.outlineColor)..';"></div></div>') end local function makeLineTo (result,x1,y1,x2,y2,oWid, oStyle, oCol,double,shape) table.insert(result,"<div style=\"display:inline-block; position: absolute;") -- draw a line between x1,y1 and x2,y2, px-coords where 0,0 is centre of frame -- Maths calculations thanks to ES local tw if double <= 1 then tw = tonumber(string.match(oWid,"[%.%d]+"))/2 -- shift centre by half the line width else tw = tonumber(string.match(oWid,"[%.%d]+")) + (double/2) - 0.5 -- shift centre by a line width + half the gap end -- debugmsg(oWid..'+'..double..'/2='..tw) table.insert(result,"left: "..tostring(x1+( (x2-x1)/2) - (math.sqrt( ( x2-x1)^2 + (y2-y1)^2 )/2) ).."px;") table.insert(result,"top: "..tostring(y1+( ( y2-y1 )/2) - tw).."px;") table.insert(result,"width: "..tostring(math.sqrt( (x2-x1 )^2 + ( y2-y1 )^2) ).."px;") table.insert(result,"height: "..tostring(double).."px; background-color:transparent; color:inherit; ") table.insert(result,"outline-width: 0; border-bottom: "..oWid.." "..oStyle.." "..getColor(oCol)..";" ) if double>1 then table.insert(result,"border-top: "..oWid.." "..oStyle.." "..getColor(oCol)..";" ) end local lineAngle=math.atan(( y2-y1)/( x2-x1 ) )*180/math.pi -- if x1 == x2 then lineAngle=90 end table.insert(result,"transform: rotate("..lineAngle.."deg);\"></div>") -- debugmsg('text angle started as '..shape.textNG..' and lineAngle = '..lineAngle) if (lineAngle < -90) or (lineAngle >90) then lineAngle=lineAngle-180 end if shape and not shape.textNGarg then shape.textNG=tostring(round(lineAngle,0))..'deg' end -- Put in line angle for a default text angle as well -- if (y2 >= y1) and (x2 <= x1) then lineAngle=lineAngle-180 debugmsg('arrow angle corrected') end if x2 < x1 then lineAngle=lineAngle-180 end if shape and not shape.shapeAngleArg and shape.shape == 'arrowhead' then shape.shapeAngle=tostring(round(lineAngle,0))..'deg' end -- line angle for arrowhead -- debugmsg('text angle is now '..shape.textNG..'with arrow at '..lineAngle) end local function makeClipPath(result,row,shape,outline,tshape) --tshape is a flag to show if the tooltip (title=) is wanted -- return the text css div code to position and draw a shape occupying a specified clippath if string.find(shape.shape, 'svgpath,') and #shape.shape > 9 then pathshape.svgpath=string.sub(shape.shape,9) shape.shape='svgpath' end if not pathshape[shape.shape] then debugmsg(mw.addWarning('shape'..row.code..' = '..shape.shape..'. The shape name is not defined')) return end local w,h,r=getsize(shape.shapeSize) if shape.shape == 'arrowhead' then -- enlarge arrowheads, as they only go to the middle of the notional shape-size w=w*2.5 h=h*2.5 end if string.match(shape.shape,"circle") or string.match(shape.shape,"square") then h=w end -- use ellipse and box for stretched shapes local shifth,shiftv = 0,0 if string.match(shape.shape,"triangle") then shiftv,shifth =tshift(shape.shapeAngle) end if outline then local p=tonumber(string.match(shape.outlineWidth,"[%.%d]+")) or 0 w=w+p*2 h=h+p*2 end table.insert(result,"<div ") if tshape then -- Add tooltip if needed table.insert(result," title=\""..row.title.."\" ") end table.insert(result,"style=\"display:inline-block; position: absolute; background-color:") if outline then table.insert(result,getColor(shape.outlineColor)) -- fill with outline colour, to make a 'base layer' else table.insert(result,getColor(shape.shapeColor)) end table.insert(result,"; color:inherit; clip-path:path(nonzero, &#39;"..pathshape[shape.shape].."&#39;) ") -- adds the required clippath data from the table of pathshape string literals table.insert(result,"; top:"..tostring(row.gridy - 10 + h*shiftv).."px") table.insert(result,"; left:"..tostring(row.gridx - 10 + w*shifth).."px") table.insert(result,"; width:20px") -- needs to be a path within a 20px20px box, and then rescales using size values to match other shape sizes table.insert(result,"; height:20px; transform:") if shape.shapeAngle ~= "0deg" then table.insert(result," rotate("..shape.shapeAngle..")") end table.insert(result," scale("..tostring(w/16)..", "..tostring(h/16)..")") table.insert(result,"\"></div>") end local function makeImage(result,row,shape) local w,h,r=getsize(shape.shapeSize) local image=shape.shapeFile if not image or image=='' then image='Red pog.svg' end local imagediv=mw.html.create ('div') imagediv:css('position', "absolute") if shape.shapeAngle ~= "0deg" then imagediv:css('transform',"rotate("..shape.shapeAngle..")") end imagediv :css('top', (row.gridy+2 + math.min(h/2-12,0) - h/2).."px") --File seems to adjust pos for small images :css('left', (row.gridx-1-w/2).."px") :css('background-color', "transparent" ) :css('color','inherit') :wikitext('[[file:'..image..'|'..tostring(w+2)..'px|alt='..(row.title or '')..'|link=]]') table.insert(result,tostring(imagediv)) end local function makePhotoPanel(result,row,shape) local h=row.ppheight table.insert(result, '<div style="position: absolute; top: '..tostring(row.gridy+row.dy-h/2)..'px;' ) table.insert(result, 'left: '..tostring(row.gridx+row.dx - row.ppwidth/2)..'px;') table.insert(result, 'width: '..tostring(row.ppwidth)..'px; height: '..tostring(h)..'px; border-radius: 2px; color:inherit;') table.insert(result, 'background-color: #E8E8D6; outline: 2px solid '..getColor(shape.textCL)..'; box-shadow: 2px 2px 4px #33203335;"></div>') if row.photoImage and row.photowidth >0 then table.insert(result, '<div style="position: absolute; top: '..tostring(row.gridy+row.dy-h/2)..'px;') if row.labelPos=='left' or string.find(row.labelPos,'west') then table.insert(result, 'left: '..tostring(row.gridx+row.dx - row.ppwidth/2)..'px;') row.dx=row.dx+row.photowidth/2 else table.insert(result, 'left: '..tostring(row.gridx+row.dx + (row.ppwidth-row.photowidth) - row.ppwidth/2)..'px;') row.dx=row.dx-row.photowidth/2 end table.insert(result, 'background-color:transparent; color:inherit; border-radius: 2px;">') table.insert(result,'[[File:'..row.photoImage..'|x'..tostring(h)..'px|File:'..row.photoImage..']]</div>') row.labelPos='center' end end local function makePanelText(result, row, shape) local w,h,r=getsize(shape.shapeSize) local ty=tonumber(string.match(shape.textSZ or '11',"%d+") ) table.insert(result,'<div style="position:absolute; line-height: 120%; font-size: '..shape.textSZ..'; color:'..getColor(shape.textCL)..';') if row.labelPos == 'left' or string.find(row.labelPos,'west') then table.insert(result,'top: '..tostring(row.dy+row.gridy+(ty/3))..'px;') table.insert(result,'left: '..tostring(row.gridx+3)..'px; text-align: left; width:'..tostring(w)..'px;') elseif row.labelPos == 'right' or string.find(row.labelPos,'east') then table.insert(result,'top: '..tostring(row.gridy+(ty/3))..'px;') table.insert(result,'left: '..tostring(row.gridx+w-3)..'px; text-align: right; width: max-content; transform: translateX(-100%);') elseif row.labelPos == 'top' or row.labelPos== 'north' then table.insert(result,'top: '..tostring(row.gridy+(ty/3))..'px;') table.insert(result,'left: '..tostring(row.gridx+(w/2))..'px; text-align: center; width:max-content; transform: translateX(-50%);') elseif row.labelPos == 'bottom' or row.labelPos=='south' then local bry=(select(2, string.gsub(row.labelText,"<br>", ""))+1)*1.1 table.insert(result,'top: '..tostring(row.gridy+w-(ty*bry))..'px;') table.insert(result,'left: '..tostring(row.gridx+(w/2))..'px; text-align: center; width:max-content; transform: translateX(-50%);') else -- center or centre local bry=(select(2, string.gsub(row.labelText,"<br>", ""))+1)*0.6 table.insert(result,'top: '..tostring(row.gridy+(h/2)-(ty*bry))..'px;') table.insert(result,'left: '..tostring(row.gridx+(w/2))..'px; text-align: center; width:max-content; transform: translateX(-50%);') end if shape.textSP and shape.textSP ~='0px' then table.insert(result,"letter-spacing: "..shape.textSP..';') end if shape.textLH and shape.textLH ~='120%' then table.insert(result,"line-height: "..shape.textLH..';') end table.insert(result,"vertical-align: middle;\">"..row.labelText.."</div>") end local function makeTextItem(result, row, shape, align, tlink, textItem, dotItem) local w,h,r=getsize(shape.shapeSize) table.insert(result,"<div ") if row.title ~= "" then table.insert(result," title=\""..row.title.."\" ") end local ty,bry,linkoffset = 0,0,0 local compy=0 local lh=tonumber(string.match(shape.textLH or '120',"%d+"))/100 if dotItem==1 or (dotItem==2 and row.posType~='n-line') then -- if there is a dotTag in the middle of the shape then use the tag settings ty=tonumber(string.match(shape.tagSize,"%d+")) or 0 table.insert(result,"style=\"position:absolute; line-height: 120%; top: "..tostring(row.gridy-ty*0.62)) table.insert(result,"px; left: "..tostring(row.gridx).."px; width: fit-content; ") table.insert(result,"text-align: center; color: "..getColor(shape.tagColor).."; background-color: transparent;") local trf="" if shape.tagAngle ~="0deg" then trf=" rotate("..shape.tagAngle..")" end table.insert(result, "transform: translateX(-50%)"..trf.."; font-size: "..shape.tagSize..";") if shape.tagSpacer~='0px' then table.insert(result, "letter-spacing:"..shape.tagSpacer..";") end else -- or add tfx settings for left, right or center align, colors, backgrounds, border-outline table.insert(result,'style="position:absolute; ') if dotItem==2 then -- dotTag is out at x,y so 85% ty=tonumber(string.match(shape.tagSize or '0',"%d+")) table.insert(result,'font-size: '..shape.tagSize..'; padding:0px 2px;line-height: 85%; top: '..tostring(row.dy+row.gridy-ty*0.52)) else -- it is labelText, so use textLH or 120% ty=tonumber(string.match(shape.textSZ or '11',"%d+")) if row.labelPos=='northwest' or row.labelPos=='northeast' then compy=-ty elseif row.labelPos=='southeast' or row.labelPos=='southwest' then compy=ty/2 end if row.labelPos and not (row.labelPos== 'auto' or row.labelPos=='') then bry=(select(2, string.gsub(row.labelText,"<br>", ""))*lh) -- is it a multiline text? expand by line-height /120%? if row.posType == 'with-line' then bry=0 end if row.labelPos=='bottom' or row.labelPos == 'south' then bry = 0 -- and shift by none, all or half elseif row.labelPos=='top' or row.labelPos == 'north' then if shape.shape=='image:' then bry= 1 + math.min(w/2-10,0)-bry*ty else bry= -bry*ty+2 end else bry=-bry*(ty/2 * lh) end end if row.posType == 'photo-panel' then bry=bry+3 end table.insert(result,'font-size: '..shape.textSZ..'; padding:0px 3px;line-height: '..shape.textLH..'; ') table.insert(result,'top: '..tostring(row.dy+row.gridy+compy+bry-ty*lh/2)) end table.insert(result,"px; left: "..tostring(row.dx+row.gridx).."px; color: "..getColor(shape.textCL).."; ") table.insert(result,"width: max-content; ") local trf="" if shape.textNG ~="0deg" then trf="rotate("..shape.textNG..")" end if shape.textOL~="0px" then table.insert(result,"background-color: "..getColor(shape.textBG).."; ") table.insert(result,"border: "..shape.textOL.." solid "..getColor(shape.textCL).."; border-radius:6px;") else table.insert(result,"background-color: transparent;") end if row.labelPos=="right" or string.find(row.labelPos,'east') then table.insert(result,"text-align: left; ") linkoffset=w if shape.textNG ~="0px" then table.insert(result,"transform-origin: left; transform: rotate("..shape.textNG.."); ") end elseif row.labelPos=="left" or string.find(row.labelPos,'west') then if shape.textNG ~="0px" then table.insert(result,"transform-origin: right;") end linkoffset=-w table.insert(result,"text-align: right; transform: translateX(-100%) "..trf.."; ") else table.insert(result,"text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%) "..trf.."; ") end table.insert(result,'font-weight: normal; line-height: '..shape.textLH..'; letter-spacing:'..shape.textSP..'; vertical-align: bottom;') end if string.find(shape.textAT or '','bold') then textItem='<b>'..textItem..'</b>' end if string.find(shape.textAT or '','italic') then textItem='<i>'..textItem..'</i>' end if shape.textOL=='0px' and shape.textBG~='transparent' and dotItem==0 then table.insert(result,'\"><span style=\"background-color: '..getColor(shape.textBG)..'; color:inherit;\">'..textItem..'</span></div>') else table.insert(result,"\">"..textItem.."</div>") end if tlink~='' and not string.match(row.param1 or "","nolink") then table.insert(result,makeLinkBox(row.gridx+row.dx+linkoffset, row.gridy+row.dy+bry, 16, row.dotTag..' '..row.title,tlink)) end end local function getshapetable(row,shape) -- Construct CSS divs for a dot from shape and map data local result={} local w,h,rndg=getsize(shape.shapeSize) local tshape,tlink=checkfortooltip(row.title,row.dx,row.dy,row.dotTag,row.dlink,string.match(row.param1 or "","nolink") ) local align=row.labelPos or '' local offsetx,offsety=0,0 local ty=tonumber(string.match((shape.tagSize or 9),"%d+" )) if row.labelText and row.labelText~='' then ty=tonumber(string.match((shape.textSZ or 11),"%d+" )) else align='center' end -- it is just for dotTag, so justify center -- identify align value and extend offsets local widthzone,heightzone = (w/2)+1,(h/2)+1 local theta,r = math.deg( math.atan2(row.dy, row.dx)) , math.sqrt(row.dx^2 + row.dy^2) if align=='auto' or align=='' then if (theta < -112 or theta > 112) and math.abs(row.dx)>=w/2 and math.abs(row.dy)<w/1.4 then align = "left" offsetx=1 elseif (theta > -68 and theta < 68) and math.abs(row.dx)>=w/2 and math.abs(row.dy)<w/1.4 then align = "right" offsetx=-1 elseif theta <0 then offsety=ty/2-1 -- bottom else offsety=0-ty/2+1 -- top end elseif align=='left' or string.find(align,'west') then row.dx=row.dx - w/2 widthzone=4 offsetx=-1 elseif align=='right' or string.find(align,'east') then row.dx=row.dx + w/2 widthzone=4 offsetx=1 elseif align=='top' or align=='north' then if string.find(shape.shape,'curve') then row.dy=row.dy-(h/2)-12 heightzone=4 offsety=ty/2-1 else row.dy=row.dy - h-2 heightzone=4 offsety=ty/2-1 end elseif align=='bottom' or align=='south' then if string.find(shape.shape,'curve') then row.dy=row.dy+(h/2) heightzone=4 offsety=ty/2-1 else row.dy=row.dy + h+2 heightzone=4 offsety=0-ty/2-1 end end if shape.textEW ~= "0px" and not string.match(row.param1 or "","noline") then -- debugmsg('r-(w/2) > widthzone r-w/2='..tostring(r-(w/2))..', widthzone='..widthzone..', label='..(row.labelText or '')..', postype='..(row.posType or '')) makeLineTo(result, row.gridx+1, row.gridy-1, row.gridx+row.dx+offsetx, row.gridy+row.dy+offsety, shape.textEW, shape.textES,shape.textEC,1) -- debugmsg('n-line for '..row.code..':'..tostring(row.gridx+1)..', '..tostring(row.gridy-1)..', '..tostring(row.gridx+row.dx+offsetx)..', '..tostring(row.gridy+row.dy+offsety)..', with width '..tostring(shape.textEW)..'px '..(shape.textES or 'no style')..' and color '..shape.textEC) end if row.posType and row.posType=='mark-line' then if row.gridx2 and row.gridy2 then makeLineTo(result, row.gridx, row.gridy, row.gridx2, row.gridy2, tostring(row.mlWidth)..'px', row.mlStyle, getColor(shape.textEC),row.mlGap,shape) -- debugmsg('mark-line line drawn from '..row.code..' with width '..tostring(row.mlWidth)..'px '..(row.mlStyle or 'no style')..' and color '..getColor(shape.textEC)) end end if w ~= 0 then if shape.shape=='itriangle' then shape.shape='triangle' shape.shapeSize=tostring(w)..'px'..tostring(w/2)..'px' end if shape.shape=="triangle" then if shape.outlineWidth ~= "0px" then makeTriangle(result,row,shape,true,false) -- larger triangle to give the outline, if required end makeTriangle(result,row,shape,false,tshape) -- smaller triangle to fit over the top elseif shape.shape=="square" or shape.shape=="box" or shape.shape=='panel' then makeSquare(result,row,shape,tshape) elseif shape.shape=="circle" or shape.shape=="ellipse" then makeCircle(result,row,shape,tshape) elseif string.find(shape.shape,'image:')==1 then makeImage(result,row,shape) elseif shape.shape=="rulea" or shape.shape=='rule' then makeRuleA(result,row,shape) elseif shape.shape=="curvea" or shape.shape=="curvec" then makeCurveA(result,row,shape) else -- use a pathshape clipPath if shape.outlineWidth ~= "0px" then makeClipPath(result,row,shape,true,false) -- larger path-shape to give the outline, if required end makeClipPath(result,row,shape,false,tshape) end end if row.ppwidth and row.ppwidth>0 then makePhotoPanel(result,row,shape) end if shape.shape=='panel' and row.labelText then makePanelText(result, row, shape) else if row.dotTag and row.dotTag ~= "" then -- there is a dotTag if (row.dx==0 and row.dy==0) and w>0 then -- it is on the dot so if dotsize is not 0 any label is ignored makeTextItem(result, row, shape, align, tlink, '<b>'..row.dotTag..'</b>', 1) else if row.labelText and row.labelText~='' then -- tag and label both used makeTextItem(result, row, shape, align, '', '<b>'..row.dotTag..'</b>', 1) makeTextItem(result, row, shape, align, tlink, row.labelText, 0) else makeTextItem(result, row, shape, align, '', '<b>'..row.dotTag..'</b>', 1) makeTextItem(result, row, shape, align, tlink, row.dotTag, 2) -- tag is ouside the dot end end else if (row.labelText and row.labelText~='') then -- just the label. No tag makeTextItem(result, row, shape, align, tlink, row.labelText, 0) end end end if tlink and tlink~='' then table.insert(result,makeLinkBox(row.gridx, row.gridy,w+3,row.dotTag..' '..row.title,tlink)) end return table.concat(result) end local function getmapframecontent(args,use) local result, comma= {}, '' local propertyTable= {} local color=splitItem(string.lower( args['map-data-color'] or 'dark orange'), 2) if use == 'basemap' then table.insert(result, '[') propertyTable.stroke = "#000000" propertyTable['stroke-width'] = tonumber(args['map-data-width'] or '6') if color[2] then propertyTable['stroke-opacity'] = tonumber(color[2] or '20')/100 end else propertyTable.title = args['map-data-text'] or args['map-data'] or '' propertyTable.stroke = getColor(color[1]) propertyTable['stroke-width'] = tonumber(args['map-data-width'] or '6') propertyTable['stroke-opacity'] = tonumber(color[2] or '100')/100 end if args['map-data-inverse'] then local mapJson = mw.text.jsonEncode{ type = 'ExternalData', service = 'geomask', ids = args['map-data-inverse'], properties = {title = (args['map-data-text'] or ''), stroke = '#555555', fill = '#555555', ['fill-opacity'] = 0.1, ['stroke-width'] = 1, ['stroke-opacity'] = 0.5 } } table.insert(result, mapJson) comma=', ' end if args['map-data-heavy'] then local mapJson = mw.text.jsonEncode{ type = 'ExternalData', service = 'geoline', ids = args['map-data-heavy'], properties = { title = args['map-data-heavy'], stroke = propertyTable.stroke, ['stroke-width'] = 9, ['stroke-opacity'] = propertyTable['stroke-opacity'] or 0.2 } } table.insert(result, comma .. mapJson) comma=', ' end if args['map-data-light'] and args['map-data-light'] ~= '' then local mapJson = mw.text.jsonEncode{ type = 'ExternalData', service = 'geoline', ids = args['map-data-light'], properties = { title = args['map-data-light'], stroke = propertyTable.stroke, ['stroke-width'] = 3, ['stroke-opacity'] = propertyTable['stroke-opacity'] or 0.4 } } table.insert(result, comma .. mapJson) comma=', ' end if args['map-data'] then propertyTable['stroke-opacity'] = propertyTable['stroke-opacity'] or 0.2 local mapJson = mw.text.jsonEncode{ type = 'ExternalData', service = 'geoline', ids = args['map-data'], properties = propertyTable } table.insert(result, comma .. mapJson) comma=', ' end if args['map-wdqs'] then -- inserts a SPARQL wdqs query to find geopoints, geoshapes etc from wikidata local mapSparql = mw.text.jsonEncode{ type = 'ExternalData', service = args['map-wdqs-type'] or 'geopoint', query = args['map-wdqs'], } table.insert(result, comma .. mapSparql) -- debugmsg('mapSparql = ' .. mapSparql) comma=', ' end if args['map-raw'] then table.insert(result, comma .. args['map-raw']) end if use=='basemap' then table.insert(result,']') end return table.concat(result) end --eg | minilocator=filename,bottom right,132px153px, 38%,60%, 22px local function makeLocatorMap (args, result) local miniFile,pos,itemlist,miniW,miniH, miniX,miniY,miniBox, miniBH if args['mini-locator'] then pos,miniFile=extractItem(args['mini-locator']) -- first item is filename, in quotes if it includes commas itemlist=splitItem(pos,5) -- put items in a table filename removed, position,WpxHpx, x%y%,box pos=itemlist[2] or 'right' miniW,miniH=getsize(itemlist[3]) miniX=tonumber(string.match(itemlist[4] or '0','[%d]+'))*miniW/100 miniY=tonumber(string.match(itemlist[5] or '0','[%d]+'))*miniH/100 miniBox=tonumber(string.match(itemlist[6] or '0','[%d]+')) miniBox=miniBox*miniW/100 miniBH=miniBox * maplist.height/maplist.width elseif args['mini-file'] then miniFile = args['mini-file'] pos=string.lower(args.minimap or 'right') if pos=='file' then pos='right' end miniW,miniH = tonumber(args['mini-width'] or 60), tonumber(args['mini-height'] or 60) -- find top left corner of locator miniBox,miniBH=tonumber(args['minimap-boxwidth'] or '0'),0 -- firm up pos offsets for dot (with % or not) and boxsize if any, miniX, miniY=args['minipog-gx'],args['minipog-gy'] if not miniX then miniX=tonumber(args['minipog-x'] or '0') else miniX=tonumber(miniX)*tonumber(miniW)/100 end if not miniY then miniY=tonumber(args['minipog-y'] or '0') else miniY=tonumber(miniY)*tonumber(miniH)/100 end if args['minipog-gx'] then miniBox=miniBox*miniW/100 end miniBH=miniBox * maplist.height/maplist.width else return end local miniTop,miniLeft=0,1 if not string.find(pos,'top') then --only use top left, as link box is in top right or put bottom left or right miniTop=maplist.height+2-miniH if string.find(pos,'right') then miniTop=miniTop-15 -- to avoid (c) line miniLeft=maplist.width-1-miniW end end table.insert(result,'<div style="position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: white;') table.insert(result,'top: '..tostring(miniTop)..'px; left:'..tostring(miniLeft)..'px; width:'..tostring(miniW)..'px;' ) table.insert(result,'background-color:transparent; color:inherit;">[[File:'..miniFile..'|'..tostring(miniW)..'px|File:'..miniFile..']]</div>') if miniX and miniX>0 then if args['minipog-y'] then miniY=miniY/1.04 end if args['minipog-x'] then miniX=miniX/1.04 end if miniBox<1 then table.insert(result,'<div style="position: absolute; top: '..tostring(miniY+miniTop-3-6)..'px; left:'..tostring(miniX+miniLeft-3)..'px;') table.insert(result, 'width: 6px; background-color:transparent; color:inherit;">[[File:Red pog.svg|6px|link=]]</div>') else table.insert(result,'<div style="position: absolute; top: '..tostring(miniY+miniTop-miniBH/2)..'px; left:'..tostring(miniX+miniLeft-miniBox/2)..'px;') table.insert(result, 'width: '..tostring(miniBox)..'px; height:'..tostring(miniBH)..'px; outline:1px solid #AA1205; background-color:#AA120522; color:inherit;"></div>') end end end local function makeArcText(args,result,nval) local items, itemlist='',{} local arcText='' if args['arc'..nval] then items=convertCoords (args['arc'..nval]) items,arcText=extractItem(items) -- first item is text, in quotes if it includes commas itemlist=splitItem(items,9) -- put items in a table: text, lat,lon,size,color,angle,gap,radius,ellipse if itemlist[4]=='' then itemlist[4]='12' end itemlist[4]=string.match((itemlist[4] or '12'),"[%.%-?%d]+") if itemlist[5]=='' then itemlist[5]='grey' end itemlist[6]=string.match((itemlist[6] or '0'),"[%.%-?%d]+") itemlist[7]=string.match((itemlist[7] or '0'),"[%.%-?%d]+") itemlist[8]=string.match((itemlist[8] or '0'),"[%.%-?%d]+") end if args['arc-coord'..nval] then local itemTab=splitItem(convertCoordsTrad (args['arc-coord'..nval]),2) maplist.lat=tonumber(string.match(itemTab[1],"[%.%-?%d]+")) maplist.lon=tonumber(string.match(itemTab[2],"[%.%-?%d]+")) else maplist.lat=tonumber(string.match(args['arc-lat'..nval] or itemlist[2] or '0',"[%.%-?%d]+")) maplist.lon=tonumber(string.match(args['arc-lon'..nval] or itemlist[3] or '0',"[%.%-?%d]+")) end local arcX,arcY=maptogrid(maplist,6) arcText = args['arc-text'..nval] or arcText local fontSize =tonumber(args['arc-text-size'..nval] or itemlist[4] or '12') local textColor=getColor(string.gsub(args['arc-text-color'..nval] or itemlist[5] or 'grey','[%s]+','') ) local arcAngle= tonumber((args['arc-angle'..nval]) or (itemlist[6]) or '45')-90 local arcRadius =tonumber(args['arc-radius'..nval] or itemlist[8] or '0.05') local arcGap = tonumber(args['arc-gap'..nval] or itemlist[7] or '1')* ( ( math.sin(8-math.rad(arcRadius))^8 )+0.4 )*( ( fontSize+6 )/15 ) arcRadius=450*arcRadius*0.75 local ellipseFactor=tonumber(args['ellipse-factor'..nval] or itemlist[9] or '1') local arcRotate =arcAngle+90 if arcGap<0 then arcRotate=arcAngle-90 end local latF=arcY - fontSize + (0-(math.sin(math.rad(arcAngle))) * arcRadius) local lonF=arcX - fontSize +(0-(math.cos(math.rad(arcAngle))) * arcRadius) local step=1 for codepoint in mw.ustring.gcodepoint( arcText ) do -- block step=1,#arcText do table.insert(result,'<div style="position: absolute;') local posY=tostring(round( (latF + (math.sin(math.rad(arcAngle+((step-1)*arcGap))) * arcRadius)) *ellipseFactor,2))..'px;' local posX=tostring(round( (lonF + (math.cos(math.rad(arcAngle+((step-1)*arcGap))) * arcRadius))/ellipseFactor,2))..'px;' table.insert(result,' top: '..posY..' left: '..posX..' transform: rotate( '..tostring(round(arcRotate +((step-1)*arcGap)),2)..'deg);') table.insert(result,'width:'..tostring(fontSize*2)..'px; text-align: center; background-color:transparent; color: '..textColor..';') table.insert(result,'vertical-align: baseline; font-size: '..tostring(fontSize)..'px;">'..mw.ustring.char(codepoint)..'</div>') step=step+1 end end local function makeFullscreenItem (itemtitle,itemdescription,lat,lon,group,itemcolor) local item={} itemdescription=stripdivs(itemdescription or '') local templon=lon if lon > 180 then templon=lon-360 end --for hemisphere+ or -1 dots if lon < -180 then templon=lon+360 end -- use 'real' coordinates for geohack label, while retaining shifted coords for plot if itemcolor=='transparent' then itemcolor='white' end itemcolor=getColor(itemcolor) -- ensure no opacity, which breaks maplink if string.find(itemcolor,'#')==1 and #itemcolor>7 then itemcolor=string.sub(itemcolor,1,7) end table.insert(item, '{ "type": "Feature", "properties": {') table.insert(item, ' "title": "'..itemtitle..'",') table.insert(item, ' "description": "'..itemdescription) table.insert(item, ' ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params='..tostring(lat)..';'..tostring(templon)) table.insert(item, '_dim:2000 '..tostring(lat)..','..tostring(templon)..'])",') table.insert(item, ' "marker-symbol": "-number-'..string.gsub(group,'%W','')..'", "marker-size": "medium", "marker-color": "'..itemcolor..'" },') table.insert(item, ' "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": ['..tostring(lon)..','..tostring(lat)..'] } }') return table.concat(item) end local function makeLegendBox(result,args) local legend ={} local line,count, maxWidth='',1,8 local item line,item=extractItem(args.legendBox or '') local a='' for c in item:gmatch('.') do a=a..(c:gsub('%^','<br>') or c) end legend.Text = a -- convert hats to line breaks line=splitItem(line,6) -- (text, size, poition,background color, text/outline color, param options) legend.Size=line[2] or '150px80px1px' legend.Pos=line[3] or '10px10px' legend.Background=line[4] or 'beigeground' legend.Color=line[5] or 'darkbrown' legend.Param= line[6] or '' local argnum,legendCount,titleHeight='1',1,0 if (legend.Text and legend.Text~='') then titleHeight=15+(13.4*(select(2, string.gsub(legend.Text,"<br>", "")))) end local legendLine,legendGroup,legendY={},{},{} while args['legendItem'..argnum] do -- assign legendLine, legendGroup, legendY for each dot line,legendLine[legendCount] = extractItem(args['legendItem'..argnum] or '') line=splitItem(line,3) legendGroup[legendCount]=line[2] or argnum if shapeList[legendGroup[legendCount]] then maxWidth=math.max(tonumber(string.match(shapeList[legendGroup[legendCount]].shapeSize or '10','[%d]+')),maxWidth) else maxWidth=math.max(tonumber(string.match(shapeList['1'].shapeSize or '10','[%d]+')),maxWidth) end maxWidth=maxWidth+1 if line[3] then legendY[legendCount]=tonumber(string.match(line[3],'[%d]+')) else legendY[legendCount] = 3+maxWidth*(legendCount-1)+titleHeight -- if (legend.Text and legend.Text~='') then legendY[legendCount]=legendY[legendCount]+15 end end legendCount=legendCount+1 argnum=tostring(legendCount) end local w,h,r=getsize(legend.Size or '') local x,y=getsize(legend.Pos or '') local div=mw.html.create ('div') div:css('position', 'absolute') div:css('outline', '1px solid'..getColor(legend.Color)) if r~=0 then div:css('border-radius',tostring(r).."px") end div :css('top', y.."px") :css('left', x.."px") :css('width', w.."px") :css('height', h.."px") :css('line-height','105%') :css('background-color', getColor(legend.Background) ) :css('color','inherit') if not string.find(legend.Param,'noshadow') then div:css('box-shadow', '2px 2px 4px #33203335') end div:tag( 'div' ) :css('position', 'absolute') :css('top','1px') :css('left', (w/2).."px") :css('width',(w-8)..'px') :css('text-align', 'center') :css('color', getColor(legend.Color)) :css('transform', 'translateX(-50%)') :css('font-size','11px') :wikitext(legend.Text) :done() for lct=1,legendCount-1 do --local t=legendGroup[lct] local shape=shapeList[legendGroup[lct]] or shapeList['1'] local row={} row.gridx=3+maxWidth/2 row.gridy=(legendY[lct] or 0) + 5 if shape.shape=='image:' then row.gridy=row.gridy+6 end row.dx=0 row.dy=0 local legendShape= getshapetable(row,shape) div:wikitext(legendShape) :tag( 'div' ) :css('position', 'absolute') :css('top',(legendY[lct] or 0)..'px') :css('left', (maxWidth+6)..'px') :css('width', (w-maxWidth-6)..'px') :css('text-align', 'left') :css('line-height','103%') :css('color', getColor(legend.Color)) :css('font-size','10px') :wikitext(legendLine[lct]) :done() end div:allDone() table.insert(result,tostring(div)) end local function getQset (qValue,pValue,argNumber,args) local result={} local sortType=string.lower(args['geo-list-sort'] or 'a') local testValue='0' if sortType == 'alpha' or sortType == 'a' or sortType == 'ah' or sortType == 'al' then testValue = mw.wikibase.getLabel(qValue) elseif sortType == 'value' or sortType == 'v' or sortType == 'vh' or sortType == 'vl'then if qValue==nil or pValue == nil then debugmsg(mw.addWarning((qValue or 'nil')..' Qnumber for '..(pValue or 'nil'))) else if mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qValue,pValue)[1] then testValue = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qValue,pValue)[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value.amount or '0' if pValue == 'P2046' then testValue = convertToSqKm(testValue, mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qValue,pValue)[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value.unit) end end end elseif sortType == 'north' or sortType == 'n' or sortType == 'nh' or sortType == 'nl' then if mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qValue,'P625')[1] then testValue = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qValue,'P625')[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value.latitude or 0 end elseif sortType == 'west' or sortType == 'w' or sortType == 'wh' or sortType == 'wl' then if mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qValue,'P625')[1] then testValue = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qValue,'P625')[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value.longitude or 0 end end result[1]=testValue result[2]=argNumber return result end function p._main ( args ) local result={} local frame=mw.getCurrentFrame() local dotTable={} local magVal,scaleVal = args.magnify,'' local origH,origW=maplist.height,maplist.width if magVal then --set up the values needed to magnify the top-right portion of the map magVal=tonumber(string.match(magVal or '0',"[%.%-?%d]+")) or 1 if magVal>1 and magVal <=2 then maplist.height= round(maplist.height/magVal,0) maplist.width=round(maplist.width/magVal,0) scaleVal='transform: scale('..magVal..') translateY('..tostring((origH-maplist.height)/2)..'px);' else magVal=1 end end -- set up the three nested div boxes (plus an extra if centered) to put the map plus title/caption area, in an appropriate frame on the page if args.float=='center' or args.float=='centre' then table.insert(result,'<div class="center"><div class="thumb tnone">') elseif args.float=='left' then table.insert(result,'<div class="thumb floatleft">') else table.insert(result,'<div class="thumb floatright">') end table.insert(result,'<div class="thumbinner" style="position: relative; top: 0px; right: 0px; width: '..(args.width or "400")..'px;">') if args.title then table.insert(result,'<div class="center" style="font-weight:bold">'..args.title..'</div>') end if magVal and magVal >1 and magVal<=2 then table.insert(result,'<div class="thumbinner noresize" style="display:block; position: relative; outline:0px; border:0px; padding:0px; background-color:transparent; color:inherit;') table.insert(result,'top: 50%; right: '..tostring(0-((origW-maplist.width))/2)..'px; ') table.insert(result,'height: '..origH..'px; width: '..maplist.width..'px; '..scaleVal..'">') else magVal=1 table.insert(result,'<div class="thumbinner noresize" style="position: relative; outline:0px; border:0px; padding:0px;') table.insert(result,'top: 0px; right: 0px; ') table.insert(result,'height: '..maplist.height..'px; width: '..maplist.width..'px ">') end --add any boundary Qvalues to map-data-light if requested if args['geo-region'] and (args['geo-boundaries'] == '1') then local qmaps=args['map-data-light'] or '' if qmaps ~='' and string.sub(qmaps,#qmaps) ~= ',' then qmaps=qmaps..',' end local geoRegion = args['geo-region'] -- or add base-page here local geoSubRegion = args['geo-sub-region'] or 'P150' if not mw.wikibase.isValidEntityId(geoSubRegion) then geoSubRegion = 'P150' end if mw.wikibase.isValidEntityId(geoRegion) then local ct=1 local qtemp while (mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(geoRegion,geoSubRegion)[ct]) do -- debugmsg('table '..ct..' - '..mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(geoRegion,geoSubRegion)[ct].mainsnak.datavalue.value.id) qtemp = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(geoRegion,geoSubRegion)[ct].mainsnak.datavalue.value.id or nil if qtemp then if mw.wikibase.entityExists(qtemp) then qmaps=qmaps..qtemp..',' -- see if there is a geocode boundary Qvalue to add else debugmsg(mw.addWarning('unable to add geocode value for '..mw.wikibase.getLabel..','..qtemp)) end end ct=ct+1 end end if qmaps and qmaps ~= '' then -- add back the created/expanded list of boundary Qvalues, and remove trailing comma args['map-data-light'] = string.sub(qmaps,1,#qmaps-1) end end -- Create the basemap using mapframe local mapframecontent=getmapframecontent(args,'basemap') table.insert(result, frame:extensionTag{ name ='mapframe', content=mapframecontent, args={width=tostring(maplist.width), height=tostring(maplist.height), zoom=tostring(maplist.zoom), longitude=tostring(maplist.lonbase), latitude=tostring(maplist.latbase), mapstyle=maplist.mapstyle, frameless=true } } ) --Add coverall box to block the unhelpful links from mapframe - which wouldn't include all the dots. Reinstate some links to osm and wikimedia table.insert(result,'<div style="position: absolute;width:'..tostring(maplist.width)..'px; height:'..tostring(maplist.height)..'px;') table.insert(result,'top:0px;left:0px;background-color:#FFFFFF00; color:inherit;"></div>') --Add replacent hover-links for OpenStreetMap and maps terms and conditions table.insert(result,'<div style="position: absolute; top: '..tostring(maplist.height-18)..'px; left: '..tostring(maplist.width-13)..'px; width: 12px; height: 12px">') table.insert(result,'[[file:Transparent.svg|12px|link=https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright|'..aboutOSM..']]</div>') table.insert(result,'<div style="position: absolute; top: '..tostring(maplist.height-18)..'px; left: '..tostring(maplist.width-110)..'px;') table.insert(result,'width: 12px; height: 12px background-color: transparent; color:inherit;">') table.insert(result,'[[file:Transparent.svg|12px| link=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Maps_Terms_of_Use|'..termsOfUse..']]</div>') -- Add scale-line if not args.scalemark or args.scalemark~='0' then local top=maplist.height-42 local left=maplist.width-61-(tonumber(args.scalemark or '1')) local minipos=string.lower(args.minimap or '') -- scalemark gets pushed left if it would be behind the minimap if minipos~='' and not(string.find(minipos,'left') or string.find(minipos,'top') ) then local offset=tonumber(args.scalemark or '1')-tonumber(args['mini-width'] or '60') if offset<1 then left=maplist.width-61-tonumber(args['mini-width'] or '60') end end if maplist.width-left >216 then top=top+14 end -- shunt scaleline down if it is beyond the copyright stuff local scalek,scalem=getScale(maplist.zoom, maplist.latbase, magVal) local magReduce='' table.insert(result,"<div style=\"display:inline-block; position: absolute; background-color: #111111") table.insert(result,"; color:inherit; clip-path:path(nonzero, &#39;M0,8 l0,4 l20,0 l0,-4 l-0.3,0 l0,3.7 l-19.4,0 l0,-3.7 z&#39;) ") table.insert(result,"; width:20px") -- path is a 20px20px box, and then rescales if magVal==1 then table.insert(result,"; top:"..tostring(top-1).."px") table.insert(result,"; left:"..tostring(left+16).."px") table.insert(result,"; height:20px; transform:scale("..tostring(2.5)..", "..tostring(1.5)..")") else -- shrink the scalemark to compensate for magnification table.insert(result,"; top:"..tostring(top-(magVal*0.28)).."px") table.insert(result,"; left:"..tostring(left+(16*(magVal*1.15))).."px") table.insert(result,"; height:20px; transform:scale("..tostring(2.5*(1/magVal))..", "..tostring(1.5*(1/magVal))..")") magReduce= 'scale('..tostring(1/magVal)..')' end table.insert(result,"\"></div>") table.insert(result,'<div style="position: absolute; top: '..tostring(top)..'px; left: '..tostring(left+47)..'px; font-size: 9.5px; line-height: 126%; width: fit-content;') table.insert(result,'color: #444433; background-color: transparent; text-align: right; transform: '..magReduce..' translateX(-100%);">'..scalek..'<br>'..scalem..'</div>') end --Set up the shapeList and dotList tables, to provide data to go on the map local sgNumbers,sgSortable={},{} --s1,s2 sgNumbers["1"]="1" if args.useFormatStyle and args.useFormatStyle=='shortstyle' then shapeList=ParseShapeTypes (shapeList,args,"1") for argindex,argv in pairs(args) do -- build a list of all the numbered sg's that have been used if string.find(argindex,"sg[a-f,n%d]+") == 1 then -- only look through the sga,sgb, sgc,sgd,sge,sgf and sgn args local x=string.match(argindex,"[%d]+") -- find its number if x and not sgNumbers[x] then sgNumbers[x]=x end -- only add if not already found end if string.find(argindex,"sg[a-f]H") == 1 and highlightNum then highlightOption=true end end for indx,sgnum in pairs(sgNumbers) do table.insert(sgSortable,sgnum) end table.sort(sgSortable,lessthan) -- put the list in a sortable form for k,v in pairs(sgSortable) do -- work through the sorted list, parsing each set of sg's in turn, from 1 upwards shapeList=ParseShapeTypes (shapeList,args,v) end if highlightOption==true then shapeList=ParseShapeTypes (shapeList,args,'H') end end local dotList,dotresult,dotItemTable,dotGroupList={},{},{},{} if (not args.useFormatStyle) or args.useFormatStyle=='standardstyle' then local dotmax=0 local qset={} for indx,val in pairs(args) do if string.match(indx,'mark%-coord[%d]+') or string.match(indx,'lat[%d]+') or string.match(indx,'geo%-data[%d]+') then dotmax=math.max(dotmax, tonumber(string.match(indx,"[%d]+"))) if string.match(indx,'geo%-data[%d]+') then local argnum=string.sub(indx,9,#indx) or '' if args['mark-title'..argnum] == 'none' or (string.find(args['mark-title'..argnum] or 'x','nolist')== 1) then -- debugmsg('sort values ignored '..argnum..', '..args['mark-title'..argnum]) else qset[val]=getQset (val, (args['geo-data-type'] or 'P1082'), argnum, args) end end end if (indx=='shapeH') or (indx=='shape-colorH') or (indx=='shape-outlineH') or (indx=='label-colorH') then highlightOption=true end end local qlist=args['geo-data-list'] if qlist then if string.sub(qlist,#qlist) ~= ',' then qlist=qlist..',' end else qlist='' end local geoRegion = args['geo-region'] -- or add base-page here local geoSubRegion = args['geo-sub-region'] or 'P150' if not mw.wikibase.isValidEntityId(geoSubRegion) then geoSubRegion = 'P150' end if (args['find-geo-dots'] or '1') ~= '0' and geoRegion and mw.wikibase.isValidEntityId(geoRegion) then local ct=1 local qtemp while (mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(geoRegion,geoSubRegion)[ct]) do -- debugmsg('table '..ct..' - '..mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(adminRegion,adminSubRegion)[ct].mainsnak.datavalue.value.id) qtemp = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(geoRegion,geoSubRegion)[ct].mainsnak.datavalue.value.id or nil if qtemp then qlist=qlist..qtemp..',' -- add subregion Qvalue to the list end ct=ct+1 end end if qlist and #qlist>1 then -- create a table from the csv list local _, c = qlist:gsub(",","") local qtab=splitItem(qlist,c) for xd,yd in pairs(qtab) do yd=string.upper(yd) if qset[yd] == nil and mw.wikibase.isValidEntityId(yd) then dotmax=dotmax+1 qset[yd]=getQset (yd, (args['geo-data-type'] or 'P1082'), tostring(dotmax), args) args['geo-data'..tostring(dotmax)] = yd -- debugmsg(dotmax..' = '..(string.upper(yd) or 'Q Not found')..': '..(mw.wikibase.getLabel(yd) or 'label Not found')..': '..(mw.wikibase.getSitelink(yd) or 'link Not found')) elseif not mw.wikibase.isValidEntityId(yd) then debugmsg(mw.addWarning(yd..' is not a [[wikidata]] page. geo-data-list needs comma-separated Qvalues' )) else debugmsg(mw.addWarning(yd..' is duplicate')) end end end -- qset contains set of Qvalues and can be from wikidata geo-region, list of geo-data-list Q values or individual geo-data1= etc local ts = {} -- table to hold the keys local useQset=false for ky, val in pairs(qset) do table.insert(ts, {key = ky, value = val[1], num=val[2]}) useQset=true end if useQset then local order = string.lower(args['geo-list-sort'] or 'a') -- sort the list from previously stored sortkey, either Lowest or Highest first if string.find(',al,vl,nl,wl,west,w,alpha,a,' , ','..order..',') then table.sort(ts, function (a,b) return lessthan(a.value, b.value) end) else table.sort(ts, function (a,b) return morethan(a.value, b.value) end) end for ky,val in ipairs(ts) do -- assign values from sorted list to numbered parameter args['numbered'..val.num] = ky -- The numbered parameter becomes the value for each dot that has a geo Qvalue, from manual, list or wiki sources. end end dotItemTable=tradstyleParseShapes(args,dotItemTable,dotmax) for argindex=1,dotmax do -- build a list of all the numbered coords or lat,lons that have been used local x=tostring(argindex) if args['mark-coord'..x] or (args['mark-lat'..x] and args['mark-lon'..x]) or args['geo-data'..x] then sgNumbers[x]=x -- add it to the list end end else for indx in pairs(args) do if string.match(indx,'dot[%d]+') then table.insert(dotList,indx) end --add the index name for dot1, dot2 etc to dotList end table.sort(dotList,morethan) for indx,dotName in pairs(dotList) do dotresult=ParseData(args,string.match(dotName,'[%d]+') ) -- using each dot number, assign the settings for each dot to a dotresult item line table.insert(dotItemTable,dotresult) -- and store that item line within the dotItemTable end end for arcVal = 65,91 do -- check through args looking for any arcs local arcLetter=string.char(arcVal) if args['arc-text'..arcLetter] or args['arc'..arcLetter] then makeArcText(args,result,arcLetter) end end local dotdivs='' local ddots=0 if dotItemTable[1] then local ddots=(dotItemTable[1].lat or 0)+(dotItemTable[1].lon or 0) end local fgroup='F'..tostring(maplist.latbase+maplist.lonbase+ddots ) local FullscreenList={} local addcomma='' for i,dotitem in pairs(dotItemTable) do -- working throug each dot item, merge the dot and shape values into a full set of css text local dotgroup= dotitem.group or "0" if dotitem.posType=='mark-line' and dotitem.markDest then --find destination xy values for any mark-lines for n,v in pairs(dotItemTable) do if v.code == dotitem.markDest then dotitem.gridx2=v.gridx dotitem.gridy2=v.gridy break end end end local qtype=dotitem.group -- find which shape group each dot has been assigned --debugmsg('dotgroup='..qtype..', sg='..(sgNumbers[qtype] or 'nil')..' , shapeList='..shapeList[qtype].shape) if not sgNumbers[qtype] then qtype="0" end --shapeList[dotitem.group] will give access to the shape values for that dot if highlightNum==dotitem.code and highlightOption==true and shapeList['H'] then table.insert(result, getshapetable(dotitem,shapeList['H'])) else table.insert(result, getshapetable(dotitem,shapeList[qtype])) -- Add the actual css instructions for each dot end if shapeList[dotgroup] and not string.find((dotitem.param1 or ''),'nomap') then -- only add if not excluded with 'nomap' labelText local ftext='' if dotitem.dotTag~='' and not string.match(dotitem.labelText or '','[%d]') then ftext=stripdivs(dotitem.dotTag or '')..' <br>' end if (dotitem.labelText ~= ftext) and dotitem.dotLink =='' then ftext=ftext..' '..stripdivs(dotitem.labelText)..'<br>' end if (dotitem.dotLink) and (dotitem.dotLink ~='') then ftext=ftext..dotitem.dotLink..'<br>' end if dotitem.imageName then ftext=ftext..'[[File:'..dotitem.imageName..'|250px]]' end table.insert(FullscreenList,1, makeFullscreenItem (string.gsub(ftext,"[\n]+"," "), dotitem.info,round(dotitem.lat,5),round(dotitem.lon,5),fgroup,shapeList[dotgroup].shapeColor)..addcomma ) addcomma=', ' end -- makeFullscreenItem (itemtitle,itemdescription,lat,lon,group,itemcolor) -- Always add to start of list, to reverse the sequence, and separate with commas except for first item, which is now at the end end if args.legendBox then makeLegendBox(result,args) end if args.minimap or args['mini-locator'] then makeLocatorMap(args,result) end -- add tag link and details for fullscreen version addcomma='' if (mapframecontent or '[]') ~= '[]' then addcomma=',' end mapframecontent=getmapframecontent(args,'fullscreen') local contentstart='[ '..mapframecontent..addcomma..'{ "type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [ ' --extra features after first square bracket local contentend=' ] } ]' table.insert(result, '<div style="position: absolute;top: 9px;left: '..tostring(maplist.width-34)..'px">') table.insert(result, '<div style="color: white; opacity:100; font-size: 19px; font-weight:normal; text-align: left;">') table.insert(result, frame:extensionTag{ name ='maplink', content=contentstart..table.concat(FullscreenList)..contentend, args={zoom=tostring(maplist.zoom+1), class='no-icon', frameless='1', latitude=tostring(maplist.latbase), longitude=tostring(maplist.lonbase), --add invisble 'en-spaces' for tooltip text='<div title="'..fullscreenlinktext..'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</div>'} } ) table.insert(result,'</div></div>') -- end of maplink ----- -- add closing div for main map table.insert(result,'</div>') -- collate caption material to go in the outer div class if captionTable ~= '' and (not args['auto-caption']) then args['auto-caption']='on' end --default to include list if using geo values local autocaption=string.lower(args['auto-caption'] or 'no') local autoOff=autocaption:match("(%w+)(.*)") -- select the first word in autocaption and see if it is a negativeAnswer) if negativeAnswer[autoOff] then captionTable='' end if args.caption or (not negativeAnswer[autoOff]) then table.insert(result,'<div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:left">') if args.caption then table.insert(result,args.caption) if captionTable ~= '' then table.insert(result,'<hr>') end end end local columns=tonumber(autoOff:match("[%d]+") or '1') if columns>1 then columns=round(maplist.width/(columns*17), 0) end -- convert from em to px for historical reasons --for k in pairs(dotList) do capchk=capchk..(args["dotlink"..k] or '') end local capchk=nil local captionList = {} for key, value in pairs(dotItemTable) do -- only add an autocaption line if there is both a dotTag and a dotLink line available and it is not marked as nolist if value.dotTag and value.dotTag~='' and (not string.find(value.param1 or '','nolist')) and string.gsub(value.dotLink or '',"%s+","")~='' then table.insert(captionList, {key = key, value = value}) if captionTable == '' then capchk=true else -- add the next line of content to the html table capchk=false end end end if captionTable ~= '' then table.sort(captionList, function (a,b) return lessthan(string.match(a.value.dotTag,'[%w]+'), string.match(b.value.dotTag,'[%w]+')) end) for k,v in pairs(captionList) do local nval=string.match(v.value.dotTag,'[%w]+') -- find the first alphanumeric item in the dotTag local ngrp=v.value.group if captionTableText[ngrp] then -- debugmsg('table text for'..v.value.dotTag..', '..captionTableText[v.value.group][1]..', '..captionTableText[v.value.group][2]..', '..captionTableText[v.value.group][3]..' ('..captionTableText[v.value.group][4]..')') local c1,c2 c1,c2=checkColors(shapeList[ngrp].shapeColor) local cDot='<div style="display:inline-block;line-height:110%;vertical-align:middle; padding:1px 4px;border-radius:8px;border: 0.5px solid black;' cDot=cDot..'background-color:'..c1..';color:'..c2..';font-size:88%;font-weight:bold">'..nval..'</div>' captionTable = htmlTableLine(captionTable,cDot,captionTableText[ngrp][1], captionTableText[ngrp][2], captionTableText[ngrp][3], captionTableText[ngrp][4]) end end end if capchk and (not negativeAnswer[autoOff]) then table.sort(captionList, function (a,b) return lessthan(string.match(a.value.dotTag,'[%w]+'), string.match(b.value.dotTag,'[%w]+')) end) -- local myDivision = string.gsub((args.toggletext or toggletext), "%s+", "") if string.find(autocaption,'collaps') then table.insert(result,'<div class = "wikitable mw-collapsible ') if string.find(autocaption,'collapsed') then table.insert(result,'mw-collapsed') end table.insert(result,'" style="width:100%; line-height: 17px; border-style:none; text-align: center"><b>'..(args.toggletext or toggletext)..'</b>') end if string.find(autocaption, 'columns=') then columns=string.match(autocaption,'[%d]+',string.find(autocaption, 'columns=') ) end table.insert(result,'<div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="column-count:'..columns..'; column-rule:solid 1px;text-align:left;padding-top:5px">') table.sort(dotList,lessthan) local nval,ngrp='','0' for k,v in pairs(captionList) do nval=string.match(v.value.dotTag,'[%w]+') -- find the first alphanumeric item in the dotTag ngrp=v.value.group or '0' if v.value.dotLink and v.value.dotLink~='' and nval and nval~='' then local c1,c2 if nval==args.highlight then c1,c2=checkColors(shapeList['H'].shapeColor) else c1,c2=checkColors(shapeList[ngrp].shapeColor) end table.insert(result,'<div style="display:inline-block;line-height:110%;vertical-align:middle; padding:1px 4px;border-radius:8px;border: 0.5px solid black;') table.insert(result,'background-color:'..c1..';color:'..c2..';font-size:88%;font-weight:bold">'..nval..'</div> '..v.value.dotLink..'<br>') end end table.insert(result,'</div>') -- end for caption-content div if string.find(autocaption,'collaps') then table.insert(result,'</div>') end -- end for toggle frame end if captionTable ~= '' then table.insert(result,captionTable..'</table>') end if args.caption or (not negativeAnswer[autoOff]) then table.insert(result,'</div>') end -- end for whole caption frame table.insert(result,'</div></div>') -- outer two frames if args.float == 'center' or args.float=='centre' then table.insert(result,'</div>') end if args['show-new-format'] == 'hints' then -- provide a 'format hint panel' in the 'Preview Box' local w="<small>Below are some template hints for the 'sga' compressed version, " w=w..'{{tl|OSM Location dots}}. It can use these, instead of the more verbose {{tl|OSM Location map}} parameter format. ' w=w..'Data is divided between a "ShapeGroup" and the "Dots", so that a single shapeGroup can be used for multiple dots on the map. ' previewMsg(w..'(nb. the "group" value can be the number or an assigned name of a shapeGroup)</small>') w='<small>{{tl|OSM Location dots}}: | dot(n)=group,lat,lon,dotTag | ' w=w..'dotlink=link/tooltip | dotlabel=label,position,dx,dy,param1,info | dotpic=filename <br>' w=w.."(nb. param1 options include 'nolink' 'nolist' 'nomap' 'hemisphere-1' 'hemisphere+1', 'noline' - quotes not required, separate with spaces).<br>" w=w..'| sga = Shape,Sizepx,Color,Angledeg | sgb= OutlineWidth,Color,Style | sgc=TextSize,Color,Angle,bold italic <br>' w=w..'| sgd=TagSizepx,Color,Spacer,Angledeg | sge=LineWidth,Color,Style | sgf=TextSpacingpx,LineHeight%,Outlinepx,backgroundColor<br>' w=w..'| sgn=Name (optional, to assign a meaningful name) | sgp=Parent (can be the name or number of the parent shapeGroup. ' previewMsg(w..'Each shapegroup will inherit values from a parent, stretching back to "sga1" and its default values.)</small>') if #pmsg then local dbg={} for i,x in pairs(pmsg) do table.insert(dbg,x..'<br>') end dbg=mw.addWarning(table.concat(dbg)) table.insert(result, dbg) end end if args.coordtest then debugmsg(mw.text.nowiki(args.coordtest)) end for i,x in pairs(msg) do table.insert(result, x..'<br>') end return table.concat(result) end function p.main(frame) local args = getArgs(frame) local itemTab={} maplist.width=tonumber(args.width) or 400 maplist.height=tonumber(args.height) or 300 if args.coord then itemTab=splitItem(convertCoordsTrad (args.coord),2) maplist.latbase=itemTab[1] maplist.lonbase=itemTab[2] else maplist.lonbase=tonumber(args.lon) or 5 maplist.latbase=tonumber(args.lat) or 0 end maplist.zoom=tonumber(args.zoom) or 1 visibleLinks=args.showlinks highlightNum=args.highlight if args.nolabels=='1' then maplist.mapstyle='osm' else maplist.mapstyle='osm-intl' end if maplist.width >= 400 and not(args['show-q-values']) then args['show-q-values'] = '1' -- default to on if wider than 400px elseif maplist.width < 320 then args['show-q-values'] = '0' end -- turn off Qvalus if frame is too narrow, even if requested return p._main(args) end return p bzps3koojt0oc8c8uol1tzxjgso2ddq 10 29228 109069 2026-08-04T23:52:49Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh template 109069 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:OSM Location map|main|useFormatStyle={{{useFormatStyle|standardstyle}}} <noinclude> |label1=Annotated maps of anywhere in the world |mark-coord1={{coord|0|0}}|mark-size1=10|label-pos1=top</noinclude> }} {{Main other|[[Category:Articles containing OSM location maps]]}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} [[Category:OSM Location map templates]] [[Category:Pages with disabled graphs]] </noinclude> l7qb604qqxvvpz96vlse07jzlwizrv6 14 29229 109070 2026-08-04T23:53:12Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109070 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 29230 109071 2026-08-04T23:53:22Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109071 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 828 29231 109072 2026-08-04T23:54:33Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh module 109072 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata --> {{Lua|Module:Delink|Module:Arguments}} Implements {{tl|OSM Location map}}. <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata --> }}</includeonly> <noinclude> [[Category:Module documentation pages]] </noinclude> g7b29koabhitphr89s4247sali2z1ka 14 29232 109074 2026-08-05T10:03:29Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109074 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 29233 109075 2026-08-05T10:03:39Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109075 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 29234 109076 2026-08-05T10:03:51Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109076 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 29235 109077 2026-08-05T10:04:26Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109077 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 29236 109078 2026-08-05T10:04:38Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109078 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 29237 109079 2026-08-05T10:05:14Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109079 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 29238 109080 2026-08-05T10:05:25Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109080 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 29239 109081 2026-08-05T10:05:36Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109081 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 29240 109082 2026-08-05T10:06:12Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109082 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 29241 109083 2026-08-05T10:06:23Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109083 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 29242 109084 2026-08-05T10:06:33Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109084 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 29243 109085 2026-08-05T10:07:12Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109085 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 29244 109086 2026-08-05T10:07:23Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109086 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 29245 109087 2026-08-05T10:07:34Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 109087 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1